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Resist calls for more burning as Namadgi recovers, says Ian Fraser
12 February 2020 | Ian Bushnell
The Orroral Valley fire burnt 80 per cent of Namadgi National Park. Photo: Gary Hooker ACT RFS via ESA Twitter.
Governments must resist "kneejerk" calls for more prescribed burning in national parks like Namadgi in the wake of this summer's extreme bushfire season, according to Canberra naturalist Ian Fraser.
Mr Fraser, who in 2003 was invited by government to report on the fire damage and recovery in Namadgi National Park and Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve before they reopened to the public, said that with conditions so dry from the drought there was nothing anybody could have done to stop the Orroral Valley blaze that eventually burnt 80 per cent of the park.
"We need to resist kneejerk reactions from people who are not ecologists or land managers, who are seizing on what they think is a quick fix without understanding it," Mr Fraser said.
"What we are told by everyone from firefighters to ecologists in a situation like we had with that degree of drought and aridity, is that there was nothing that anyone could have done to stop the fire.
"Once a fire gets going in those conditions it wouldn't matter if you'd burnt the place two to three years earlier. It would have still burnt through the way it did. It just goes through the canopy and you can't burn that all the time."
Mr Fraser said that you could technically remove all the vegetation from a national park so it did not burn but then "it's no longer a national park, nor is it a water catchment".
He said a key difference between the recent fires and 2003 is how much drier the park was, so while the winds were not as strong, areas were exploding, even at night.
With recent rain the long recovery process will have already started but government will need to help it along by keeping an eye on badly burnt slopes and introduce erosion controls where possible to protect the water supply.
The other crucial intervention will be to stay on top of feral animals, including grazers such as deer, and predators such as cats, dogs and foxes.
Mr Fraser said there will be native animals that are not only injured and shellshocked, but exposed without food sources and shelter.
An aerial closeup of a section of the fire front of the Orroral Valley fire in Namadgi National Park, taken on 29 January. Photo: Supplied.
"They're out in the open so it's critical to get on top of the ferals as quickly as possible," he said.
While 80 per cent of the park has been burnt, Mr Fraser is hopeful about its recovery, with reports suggesting the burn was patchy and that areas like gullies were spared from the flames meaning animals could find some refuge.
Mr Fraser was surprised in 2003 at how many small animals survived in damp patches underneath logs and rocks, and it is also becoming more evident how important wombat burrows are as fire refuges.
Still, we can expect huge areas of burnt understorey and largely defoliated, but not necessarily, dead trees.
Eucalypts will use epicormic growth (shoots from their trunk) to keep the tree going until the canopy is restored, while other plants such as ferns, shrubs and trees will sprout from buds under the ground, and others will drop seeds.
Whether the landscape has been irrevocably changed after two big fires so close together is not known.
"There has never been in European experience in this part of the world two very intense fires in the snow gums within that period of time or in alpine ash forest either," Mr Fraser said.
"In the woodlands and the drier forests and grassy valleys, I don't think there's going to be much change."
But it will depend on how intensely the land burned, Mr Fraser said.
"One of the things we do have an obligation to do is to learn from it. And I have no doubt Parks and Conservation will be doing that, monitoring what happens, and only then we will be able to answer that."
Futureproof1 hour ago
Gregg Heldon4 days ago
I agree. That is our national shame. States and Federal Governments need to look at… View
Ian44 minutes ago
Government rejects recommendation to widen Namadgi firebreaks
12 February 2021 | By Dominic Giannini
Gates are open again for the worst-hit areas of Namadgi
8 April 2021 | By Michael Weaver
Parks, reserves to be closed for periods over winter for feral deer and pig cull
Parts of Namadgi and Bimberi to close for feral deer and pig cull
3 May 2021 | By Michael Weaver
$6m federal grant to fund bushfire recovery in Namadgi
Rock wallaby and endangered orchid making their return in Namadgi
21 February 2021 | By Michael Weaver
Bumbalong residents win the right to be heard at the Orroral Valley Fire inquiry
10 October 2022 | By Claire Fenwicke
Heritage huts with ties to the ACT's first industry to rise from the ashes
30 November 2022 | By James Coleman
Namadgi National Park stars in kangaroo 'coming-of-age' Netflix film
5 January 2023 | By James Coleman


With 700 islands and cays, tons of of resorts and a seemingly unlimited alternative of actions, planning a Bahamas vacation, whereas enjoyable, will be almost overwhelming. Enjoy Preferred standing and amenities, particular concierge services, personal swimming pool, an upgraded room or suite, in-room internet entry, and entry to the personal Preferred Club lounge offering daily continental breakfast service, afternoon hot and cold hors d'oeuvres, exquisite desserts, positive liquors, and complimentary pc access. The contract was then up to date a week later, showing the Secret Service spent $7,100 on the transportable restroom leases from Aug.


Remember a couple weeks ago when I shared with you an amazing coffee cake recipe? And I suggested that you add it to your next brunch menu? Well, I have another brunch requirement suggestion for you. Mocha chip cinnamon rolls. Holy cow are these babies delicious.
The original recipe is from Inside BruCrew Life. And an excellent recipe it is! What I love about this recipe is that it's a no-yeast, no-rise recipe. You can have these cinnamon buns on your brunch table in less than an hour!
There are some great step-by-step photos on Inside BruCrew Life's post about this recipe, so definitely check them out! Also, there is a coffee glaze that you can put on top of the cinnamon rolls should you so desire. I didn't make the glaze, and we found the rolls to be wonderfully flavorful as is and sweet, but not too sweet. If you're a glaze person though, by all means, go for it!
Combine all filling ingredients in small bowl, and mix until it resembles coarse sand; set aside. Stir together the buttermilk and instant coffee; set aside.
Combine the flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Add the coffee buttermilk and two tablespoons of melted butter; mix until combined. Transfer the dough onto a well-floured surface. Knead about 10 times to get some of the extra flour incorporated into the dough. It might be sticky at first. Once the dough is easy to work with, press it (as best you can) into a rectangle about 16 by 10 inches. Spread the dough with two tablespoons of melted butter, and sprinkle evenly with the filling. Try to keep the filling away from the edge of the dough by an inch. Gently roll the dough (from one of the long sides) until it's in a log shape. Press the ends together and fold into the log. Cut into 9 even rolls.
Cover the bottom of an 8 x 8 or 9 x 9 pan with one tablespoon of butter. Place rolls in the pan. Bake for 20 to 22 minutes.
Other than being very excited to share another great recipe with you, the other main reason I wanted to share this recipe is that I have a snowman mug in these pictures!!! I made these cinnamon rolls about a month ago, when at the time, we were smack dab in the middle of winter. And now spring is just a week away! Of course, just because spring is a week away on the calendar, it doesn't mean it's actually starting to feel like spring... 20 degrees and snow in Boston today!


OEM Quality. Replacement Dock Flex Charging Port Cable and Microphone, white. This item is intended for the white versions of the iPhone 6 Plus however, it is compatible with all versions of the iPhone 6 Plus A1522, A1524, A1593 (5.5").


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New-home building remains stuck at static growth
By Steve Sinovic / Journal Staff Writer
Tuesday, February 14th, 2017 at 2:12pm
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. — Even as homebuying activity for existing homes in the Albuquerque metro area accelerated in 2016, construction of new houses has remained stubbornly low, due in part to anemic job growth, says an industry official.
Permits in Central New Mexico for single-family homes was static year-over-year through December, continuing to hover at less than 1,700 — nearly one-third the level seen a decade ago.
Homebuilders took out 1,632 permits for new construction in 2016, a slight decline from 2015's 1,645 permits that were issued.
The data were released in the Albuquerque New Housing Market Letter, a monthly publication of DataTraq. The Albuquerque area comprises the city, unincorporated Bernalillo County, the city of Rio Rancho and the village of Los Lunas.
Pulte Group led all builders during 2016 with nearly 400 permits, or about one-quarter of all those issued. DR Horton Homes and LGI Homes NM Construction took out 348 and 151 permits, respectively, according to DataTraq. The companies also were the top three builders in terms of permit volume in 2015.
"We are an industry tied to job creation," especially the better-paying careers that can help a buyer swing a new-home purchase, said John Garcia, executive vice president of the Home Builders Association of Central New Mexico, a 700-member trade association.
"The economy's still pretty stale," said Garcia, who last summer forecasted that permit volume might hit 1,800 in 2016.
Recent announcements such as Facebook's plan to build a new data center and Cabela's new retail store are a boon for those shifting to commercial construction, but neither project will create the kind of momentum to stoke single-family home construction, Garcia said.
"We need a series of (positive) events in the economy to really move the needle," Garcia said. "I think it will be awhile before we go back to the days when we are issuing 2,000-3,000 permits per year."
Throughout most of the 1990s, metro-area builders pulled an average of 4,000-5,000 permits annually. The record years of 2004 and 2005 saw 7,719 and 9,445 permits issued, respectively. Homebuilding was a major engine of economic growth in the region, employing thousands of construction workers and providing business for scores of home-furnishing, appliance and landscaping companies.
Garcia also noted more homeowners appear to be "staying in place" and building additions to their existing homes, rather than buying new houses, projects which his members gladly welcome. Some homebuilders have also shifted to multifamily, condo and town-home construction, he said.
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text:
Explosions Heard in the Twin Towers BEFORE They Collapsed
GeorgeWashington Thu, 03/29/2007 - 12:58pm
Totally re-written and new arguments added since yesterday.
http://georgewashington.blogspot.com/2006/06/bombs-heard-in-twin-towers.html
Forget all of the videos and photos of the collapse of the World Trade Centers for a minute. Let's talk about an aspect of 9/11 that we've all glossed over: sound.
Remember that sound travels slower than light, and so witnesses who described hearing explosive sounds before seeing the collapse of the building cannot have been fooled about the sequence.
The following earwitness testimony indicates controlled demolition of the Twin Towers:
British newspaper stated "some eyewitnesses reported hearing another explosion just before the structure crumbled."
Unknown witness interviewed on television stating "it sounded like gunfire . . . . bang bang bang bang bang . . . and then three big explosions"
Highly-reputable astrophysicist wrote in an email that, immediately before the collapse of each of the twin towers, he heard explosions and low-frequency rumbles (he also uses the phrase "demolition-style implosion")
Fire chief from a nearby town heard a "high-pitched noise and a popping noise", right before or at the very start of the collapse of the South Tower (aren't high-pitched and popping noises created by certain types of high-explosives?)
Paramedic captain stated "somewhere around the middle of the world trade center there was this orange and red flash coming out initially it was just one flash then this flash just kept popping all the way around the building and that building had started to explode the popping sound and with each popping sound it was initially an orange and then red flash came out of the building and then it would just go all around the building on both sides as far as could see these popping sounds and the explosions were getting bigger going both up and down and then all around the building" (pdf file; Google's web version is here).
Firefighter "heard this huge explosion that sounded like a bomb [and] knocked off the lights and stalled the elevator . . . [then] another huge explosion like the first one hits. This one hits about two minutes later . . . [and] I'm thinking, 'Oh. My God, these bastards put bombs in here . . . ."
Police officer stated "you would hear a loud boom go off at the top of tower one. As the building continued to burn and emergency equipment kept on responding stirring up the dust and debris in the streets. After approximately 15 minutes suddenly there was another loud boom at the upper floors, then there was a series of smaller explosions which appeared to go completely around the building at the upper floors. And another loud earth-shattering blast with a large fire ball which blew out more debris and at that point everyone began to run north on West Broad Street." (page 5, which is page 2 of a hand-written memorandum)
CNN producer stated "every few minutes you'll hear like a small sort of a rumbling sound, almost like an explosion sound and another chunk of it will come flying down into the street"; same producer stated "there was just a huge ... [explosion? word apparently erased from original CNN video] and enormous pieces of debris just falling - one right after the other"
NYC firefighter stated "It actually gave at a lower floor, not the floor where the plane hit. . . [W]e originally had thought there was like an internal detonation, explosives, because it went in succession, boom, boom, boom, boom, and then the tower came down."
Port Authority Police Department officer, who was intimately familiar with the World Trade Center from his years of police duties patrolling there, described how the hallway began to shudder as a "terrible deafening roar" swept over him, then a giant fireball exploded in the street seconds before the south tower collapsed
MSNBC reporter stated "I heard a second explosion ... And then a fire marshal came in and said we had to leave, because if there was a third explosion this building might not last".
What could make the above-described sounds?
Indeed, even after demolition expert Van Romero retracted his testimony that intentionally-planted explosives brought down the towers, he stated:
"it is possible that the final collapse of each building was triggered by a sudden pressure pulse caused when the fire reached an electrical transformer or other source of combustion within the building."
So were the explosive sounds prior to the collapse of the Twin Towers caused by intentionally-placed explosives or by the explosion of "electrical transformer[s] or other source of combustion"?
Well, if exploding transformers caused these sounds and the collapse of the Twin Towers, why didn't we hear the same things and see the collapse of the the buildings in Madrid, Venezuela, Los Angeles and elsewhere which burned hotter and longer than the Twin Towers? Didn't those buildings contain transformers and other sources of combustion? Why were the Twin Towers the first modern steel-framed buildings to collapse due to exploding sources of combustion?
Any explanation other than demolition-type explosives sounds false.
Thanks, GW
Another great post.
simuvac on Wed, 03/28/2007 - 8:21pm.
SOUND and VIBRATIONS are here
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IucJYYM__YU
HQ download
http://www.datawind-1.de/clip-3.htm
http://www.numweb.de/wordpress/?p=48
bass frequencies between 20hz and 200hz are enhanced for better effect -> feel it with your subwoofer
if anyone wnts the source, i have one:
the original clip was used and aired from different TV's:
Inside the Twin Towers , Discovery Channel, 2006-09-03
clip is in the range between 1h:06m:08s - 1h:06m:28s
9/11:The Twin Towers , BBC, 2006-09-07
"... a somewhat unfamiliar conception for the average mind." (mp3)
Sir Rious Mind on Wed, 03/28/2007 - 8:33pm.
In the above video there
In the above video there certainly seems to be an explosion coming out of WTC 1 when WTC 2 starts to collapse. I've never noticed it before and I don't remember anyone pointing that out before. I'm sure I'm wrong since it is hard to miss a big fireball coming high out of WTC 1 as WTC 2 begins to.............be demolished. No?
tke on Wed, 03/28/2007 - 10:34pm.
Some people say those flare-ups are explosions
such as in the films of WTC1 when WTC2 gets hit, but I think that's just something to do with the airflow around the buildings changing dramatically as the one tower explodes. That is, I do believe both towers were exploded; but I don't think those flare-ups that occur in WTC1 after WTC2 gets hit, and again in the video above, are explosions.
simuvac on Thu, 03/29/2007 - 12:04am.
I considered what you said,
I considered what you said, reviewed the video and one other posted elsewhere without the "magnifying glass" and conclude:
The phenomenon that looks like a "bomb" in WTC 1 just as WTC 2 begins its....demolition is simply too localized and concentrated to be an effect from the "wave of wind" created from the fall of WTC 2. I ask the viewer once again to review the video and ask yourself if this is the general effect from a wavefront of wind cast across WTC 1, wind pushed out from the fall of WTC 2? Do you see a general "wall of wind " pass WTC 1 from the movement of the other building? Or do you see a single high velocity ejection from a localized point, much like the ejections seen below the collapse front (highly concussive "bomb" attacks on the center core columns) as both towers.....were demolished.? With respect, I ask you to please review and explain your views.
tke on Thu, 03/29/2007 - 1:29am.
25/75 +/-
I would say a 25% chance of explosions, and a 75% chance of some form of 'atmospheric'-induced flare-ups. Probably not wind, but "suction" from the quick displacement of the falling building. (and note the +/- — 10%/90%? 33%/66%? probably not 50/50, though — but you never know, and there's probably no way to tell one way or the other through video observation)
Senior 9/11 Bureau Chief Correspondent
http://www.chico911truth.org/
doughnut on Thu, 03/29/2007 - 9:31pm.
But what's even more powerful than that is the _experienced explosions_ in the Twin Towers, of which William Rodriguez is the best, and there is also the guy who was filmed by the media on 9/11 -- the African American man covered in dust saying, "We got down to the 8th floor and there was a big explosion and we were blown back into the 8th floor."
You don't need any more than those two eyewitness accounts to get a new investigation into 9/11. (ideally)
doughnut on Thu, 03/29/2007 - 5:13am.


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Avino Declares Commercial Production at its Second Mine on the Avino Property in Mexico
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Avino Silver & Gold Mines Ltd. (ASM: TSX.V, ASM: NYSE - MKT; "Avino" or "the Company") is pleased to announce that commercial production at the Avino 'ET' Mine on the Avino Property in Durango, Mexico has been declared effective April 1, 2016.
"I am pleased to announce that Avino has declared commercial production at its second, and largest mine on the Avino property. We have continued to build our first class mining operation over the last 19 months and declaring commercial production at the Avino Mine marks the achievement of another milestone for the Company. We are fortunate to have a strong and dedicated team of professionals who have been instrumental in making the transition to commercial production; I personally thank them for their significant contributions.
The mining sector has seen its share of global challenges, however, Avino has continued to advance and expand its projects during this difficult period by keeping its production and overhead costs low and staying focussed on its key objectives. Avino believes this declaration of commercial production will not only improve our financial performance, but will demonstrate to our shareholders that we continue to build value while we expand our operations and execute our long term objectives.
The Company's Management team has carefully analyzed the technical and financial results of the Avino Mine during the advancement and test period and concluded the results are consistent with expectations.
Going forward, our Consolidated Financial Statements will reflect the revenues and related production costs from the Avino Mine, and therefore, we will no longer capitalize transactions related to production mining. Our Statement of Comprehensive Income will reflect the economics consistent with our production results, which we are confident will enhance the value of the Company and, if so, we believe Shareholder Value. We look forward to disclosing the financial results from production at the Avino Mine in the Q2 Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements, which will be released in August.
I personally, on behalf of all of us at Avino, would like to thank all Shareholders for your confidence.
- David Wolfin, President, CEO & Director
Commercial production at the Avino Mine was declared by the Company's management following an advancement and test period of 19 months. On April 1, 2016, underground mining commenced on upper level 11.5 using the long-hole retreat sub-level caving method. The advancement and test period established that mineral recoveries were at, or above, levels necessary for positive cash flows and profitability, which among other critical factors, were significant in concluding that a production decision could be made. Further, the Company's management has carefully considered the following factors and concluded that its objectives have been met:
All critical capital components have been acquired and installed to achieve desired mining and processing results;
The necessary labor force, including production and development mining contractors, has been secured to mine and process at planned levels of output;
The mill has consistently processed at levels above design capacity and budgeted production levels of 1,250 tpd with consistent recoveries and grades; and
As previously disclosed, the Company has entered into a long term sales agreement with Samsung C&T U.K. Limited ('Samsung"). Further, Samsung has provided Avino with a term facility which has provided capital to facilitate further expansion and development of the Avino Mine.
Advancement and Test Period
Following eighteen months of dewatering and rehabilitation, on September 1, 2014, the Avino Mine entered the advancement and test period. During this period, Avino was fortunate that most of the advancement occurred within mineralized material which had been previously outlined in the 2013 technical report by Tetra Tech.
During the fourth quarter of 2014, development material was processed on a limited scale using the 250 tpd Mill Circuit 2. Full scale processing operations began in January 2015 at the rated throughput of 1,000 tpd using Mill Circuit 3. With the arrival of more underground mining equipment during 2015, additional mined tonnage is now also processed using Mill Circuit 2. Additionally, Mill Circuit 3 has been optimized to process 1,150 tpd for a combined throughput of approximately 1,400 tpd.
Since full scale processing began in January 2015, the Avino Mine has produced 944,165 oz Ag, 3,444 oz Au and 6,094,603 lbs Cu or 2,276,203 oz AgEq. During this period, proceeds from the sale of Avino Mine concentrates totaled CDN$26.7 million but were classified as a recovery of exploration and evaluation expenses rather than revenue. Starting in the second quarter of 2016 Avino will report the proceeds as revenue and will also report on production costs.
Qualified Person(s)
Avino's Mexican projects are under the supervision of Mr. Chris Sampson, P.Eng, BSc, Avino consultant and Mr. Jasman Yee, P.Eng, Avino director. These individuals are qualified persons ("QP") within the context of National Instrument 43-101 and have reviewed and approved all the applicable technical data in this press release.
Avino's is a top-tier, low-cost junior producer. Avino's mission is to create shareholder value through profitable organic growth at the historic Avino property near Durango, Mexico, and the Bralorne property in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. We are committed to managing all business activities in an environmentally responsible and cost-effective manner while contributing to the well-being of the communities in which we operate.
"David Wolfin"
Under National Instrument 43-101, the Company is required to disclose that it has not based its production decisions on NI 43-101-compliant reserve estimates, preliminary economic assessments, or feasibility studies, and historically production decisions made without such reports have increased uncertainty and higher technical and economic risks of failure. These risks include, among others, areas that are analyzed in more detail in a feasibility study or preliminary economic assessment, such as the application of economic analysis to mineral resources, more detailed metallurgical and other specialized studies in areas such as mining and recovery methods, market analysis, and environmental, social, and community impacts. The Company's decision to place a mine into operation at levels intended by management, expand a mine, make other production-related decisions, or otherwise carry out mining and processing operations is largely based on internal non-public Company data, and on reports based on exploration and mining work by the Company and by geologists and engineers engaged by the Company. The results of this work are evident in the Company's discovery of the San Gonzalo resource, and in the Company's record of mineral production and financial returns since operations at levels intended by management commenced at the San Gonzalo Mine in 2012. This approach was applied for the advancement of the Avino Mine project, for which similar risks and uncertainties were identified.
Safe Harbor Statement - This news release contains "forward-looking information" and "forward-looking statements" (together, the "forward looking statements") within the meaning of applicable securities laws and the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including our belief as to the extent and timing of various studies including the PEA, and exploration results, the potential tonnage, grades and content of deposits, timing and establishment and extent of resources estimates. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this news release and the dates of technical reports, as applicable. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, as there can be no assurance that the future circumstances, outcomes or results anticipated in or implied by such forward-looking statements will occur or that plans, intentions or expectations upon which the forward-looking statements are based will occur. While we have based these forward-looking statements on our expectations about future events as at the date that such statements were prepared, the statements are not a guarantee that such future events will occur and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors which could cause events or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
Such factors and assumptions include, among others, the effects of general economic conditions, the price of gold, silver and copper, our ability to continue commercial production at the Avino mine, changing foreign exchange rates and actions by government authorities, uncertainties associated with legal proceedings and negotiations and misjudgments in the course of preparing forward-looking information. In addition, there are known and unknown risk factors which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Known risk factors include risks associated with project development; the need for additional financing; operational risks associated with mining and mineral processing; fluctuations in metal prices; title matters; uncertainties and risks related to carrying on business in foreign countries; environmental liability claims and insurance; reliance on key personnel; the potential for conflicts of interest among certain of our officers, directors or promoters of with certain other projects; the absence of dividends; currency fluctuations; competition; dilution; the volatility of the our common share price and volume; tax consequences to U.S. investors; and other risks and uncertainties. Although we have attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause actions, events or results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We are under no obligation to update or alter any forward-looking statements except as required under applicable securities laws.
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The risks and dangers of bee extinction
Gerardo Bandera
USA , Canada , Slovenia , France , Germany , China , Russia , Morocco , Algeria , Mexico
bees , conservation , food security , global-warming , save the bees , Sustainable Agriculture
The blue skies and blooming flowers of spring also bring with them the buzzing of bees, who emerge from their hives in search of pollen. While small in size, their contributions to our ecosystems are momentous; put simply, life on Earth as it is today would not exist without bees. Over millions of years, bees have evolved to help them pollinate flowers, even gaining little pollen pouches to carry larger loads; flowers have also evolved to attract bees and other pollinators and largely depend on them for reproduction. Which is why their disappearance is worrying: over the past century, bee populations have plummeted and some have even been labelled as endangered, leaving their ecosystems - and our food chains - at risk of collapse.
Why are bees endangered?
Bees are at risk of extinction largely due to human activities: large-scale changes in land use, industrialised agricultural practices , like monocultures, and the detrimental use of pesticides have all contributed to destroying their habitats and reducing their available food sources. Globalisation has also facilitated the transmission of parasites and other invasive species that prey on bees, like the Asian hornet, which can decimate entire hives in hours.
Global warming also plays a large role in the endangerment of the bee population. Rising temperatures, increased flooding, droughts and changes in blooming seasons of flowering plants all affect the bees' ecosystems, reducing their suitability to the environment and threatening their survival.
Which bees are at risk of extinction?
While most species of bees have seen wide-scale population loss over the past 300 years, and 40 percent of invertebrate pollinator species are facing extinction, eight species of bees have officially been declared as endangered.
Seven of the eight are species of the Hawaiian yellow-faced bee , which are at risk due to the threat from non-native species of ants that feed on the eggs, as well as from habitat destruction.
The rusty patched bumblebee ( Bombus affinis ) is also listed as an endangered species, and faces risk of extinction, most likely due to exposure to pesticides and habitat loss from to urbanisation. The population of the rusty patched bumblebee, which is endemic to North America, has decreased to only 0.1 percent of its historic levels.
Fortunately, not all bees are endangered, although all face serious population decline due to human activity and climate change.
Why are bees important?
Bees are one of the most efficient and prevalent pollinators. They have a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with flowers and other plants, meaning that both the plant and bee benefit from their interaction: the bees pollinate the plants, spreading the pollen (which they catch on their tiny hairs) from flower to flower, therefore helping the plants reproduce; in exchange, the bees also eat the pollen, which is a critical component of their diets. The evolution of many flowers has largely been tailored around increasing their attractiveness to bees, favouring flowers who are in the colour spectrum that bees can see (ultraviolet rather than red-hued) and that release a strong, sweet smell when their pollen is ready to take.
However, bees pollinate more than just flowers - many of our favourite fruits and vegetables require the help of bees to pollinate them. From tomatoes, squash, cucumbers and eggplants to nuts, seeds and even cotton. It is estimated that about 80 percent of pollination of flowering plants uses the help of pollinators like bees to reproduce. Bees are critical for the stability of our food systems, supporting over 35 percent of global agricultural land - which is why their disappearance is worrying for humans.
What would happen if bees went extinct?
The ecological issue of the possible extinction of the bees is also a humanitarian issue, as the stability of human populations largely depends on the stability of bee populations. Considering the crucial role of bees' pollination activities in supporting our agricultural systems , their disappearance would likely result in a food crisis for humanity. Supplies of foods such as apples, berries, avocados, coffee and onions would fall drastically since they require the help of pollinators to reproduce. With plummeting supplies, the prices of these foods would skyrocket, making them rare and inaccessible to most people.
The decimation of these plants would have secondary effects on animals other than humans that also rely on them for food sources, resulting in larger biodiversity loss. In order to help us meet the food demand for the world's rising human population, and achieve SDG 2, we must actively protect and foster the populations of bees and other pollinators.
How can we help the bees?
Just as flowers and bees provide mutually beneficial exchanges, humans - all of whom benefit from bees' pollinating activities - should help foster the health of bees.
Banning dangerous pesticides: The European Food Safety Committee (EFSA) has stated that three major pesticides pose a "high acute risk" to bee species and have been found in dangerous levels within their hives. Governments must ensure that approved pesticides are not harmful to pollinator populations, which in the long-run will help increase crop yield and promote sustainable farming .
Prevent and reverse habitat loss : Without adequate environments for bees to build homes and have plentiful food sources, their populations will continue to decline. Preventing deforestation can therefore also prevent bee extinction and, as a side effect, promote higher crop yields.
Buy organic produce: Organic produce is grown without the use of pesticides and therefore does not have chemicals that can kill bees.
Plant flowers and plants that bees pollinate: If you have a garden, you can plant certain plants that attract bees and other pollinators. Make sure to plant using organic seeds and avoid using fungicides or pesticides.
Buy local honey: Local honey producers support bee populations, but need income to support their farms and themselves. Buying locally will help small-scale farmers survive, while also helping the biodiversity of plants and the bee communities in your area.
Do not kill bee hives: While many people are afraid of bees, it is important to understand that they are mostly harmless unless provoked. In fact, not all bees sting - some species do not possess stinging abilities, and male bees do not sting at all. Even female bees that do sting will only sting if directly threatened or attacked. If you don't feel comfortable with bees around, you can contact a local beekeeper association that will relocate the bees to a new home.
On World Bee Day (20 May), we recognise the importance of these beautiful and small creatures, whose activities help preserve and perpetuate life on Earth. The decimation of their populations should remind us of the destabilising nature of human activity, which is possible to prevent and correct. Our perspectives of our environments and our food chains must shift from focusing solely on the plants we eat to including the other organisms that support plants' lives - and by extension, our lives as well.
Image by Bianca Ackermann
Article written by:
Assistant Editor, Author
Bees catch pollen on their hairs and transport them to other flowers, helping them pollinate and reproduce.
© Jacob King/PA Images via Getty Images
The rusty patched bumblebee (Bombus affinis) is also listed as an endangered species, and faces the risk of extinction, most likely due to exposure to pesticides and habitat loss from to urbanisation.
© USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab
A beekeeper shows Apis Mellifera beehive at Lumbang Bee Farm in Probolinggo, Indonesia. Bees play a key part in the pollination of flowering plants, spreading pollen as they fly from plant to plant in search of nectar.
© Robertus Pudyanto/Getty Images
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UnEarth Magazine
A visionary environmental magazine based in St Andrews
Sustainable Cookbook
The Environment Subcommittee
Insect-Based Protein: A Sustainable Food and Feed Substitute
Kaleidoscope, Science and Tech	by Simone van Nieuwkoop February 21, 2021
Amidst the rising threat of climate change and daunting challenge to feed a growing world population, a transition away from standard meat-based diets towards sustainable alternatives, like insects, has sparked global interest. Though a seemingly unconventional concept, this shift in our food system may be necessary to ensure that human and environmental health can be sustained in upcoming years.
Canned bamboo worms, roasted termites, chocolate-covered crickets, silkworm pupae pasta, and grasshopper kebabs: the list goes on, but these are just some of the foods beginning to show up on people's plates across the globe. Insect-eating, formally known as entomophagy, has been around for thousands of years. Already consumed by a quarter of the world's population, insects are well-established in many diets across Asia, Africa, and South America. Providing vital proteins, fats, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, not only are insects high in nutritional value, but are inexpensive, convenient, and, most importantly, very sustainable.
Despite these qualities, though, the practice has generally been condemned throughout Western countries, with many viewing it as "dirty", "primitive", and "taboo". These perceptions, however, are beginning to change. With threats of climate change and food insecurity projected to worsen in upcoming years, incorporating alternative sources of protein into our diets could significantly mitigate the global environmental footprint whilst efficiently feeding the world's growing population.
With threats of climate change and food insecurity projected to worsen in upcoming years, incorporating alternative sources of protein into our diets could significantly mitigate the global environmental footprint whilst efficiently feeding the world's growing population.
Currently, livestock agriculture accounts for 14.5% of global human-induced greenhouse gas emissions, with roughly 44% released in the form of methane, 29% as nitrous oxide, and 27% as carbon dioxide. This includes emissions released from feed production and processing, as well as fermentation from ruminants. Cattle, in particular, are responsible for over 65% of the livestock sector's total emission count, and are the predominant source contributing to rising methane levels.
In addition to its effects on climate, animal agriculture is also one of the leading drivers of deforestation, water pollution, and biodiversity loss. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), livestock occupy roughly 26% of the Earth's total terrestrial surface, while crops grown simply to feed these animals cover one-third of the planet's total farmable land. Although they require such a vast amount of space, livestock only provide less than 20% of the world's total supply of calories.
With the world's population expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, food production must increase by 70%, according to the United Nations. At the same time, in line with the Paris Agreement's two-degree climate target, the global agriculture sector needs to reduce its emission count from 12 gigatons a year to 4 gigatons a year. Of course, in order to meet this dual challenge, further land conversion needs to be avoided as it will only perpetuate a harmful feedback loop that continuously undermines sustainable development. Accordingly, with livestock being the largest driver of land conversion, it is critical to move away from current animal protein production models and develop alternatives. This is where insect protein comes into play.
As a farm species, insects are significantly more environmentally-friendly than conventional livestock, producing less waste and requiring fewer resources. According to the FAO, one kilogram of beef produces 2,850 grams of greenhouse gas, while one kilogram of insect emits just around 2 grams. Moreover, in terms of land use, one kilogram of beef requires 200 square meters of cultivable land, followed by 50 square meters for pork, and 45 square meters for chicken. In contrast, one kilogram of insect protein requires just 15 square meters of land. The comparisons are also similar for water use. For every kilogram of protein, the water consumption rates for cattle are a shocking 22,000 liters, while those for insects are only one liter. By requiring so little water, insects have very high feed-conversion efficiency rates. In fact, 100 gallons of water can produce 238 grams of cricket protein, with that same amount only enough to produce just 6 grams of beef and 18 grams of chicken. With far less land used, emissions released, and water required, farming insects could very well be the key to cultivating a sustainable food system.
Accordingly, with livestock being the largest driver of land conversion, it is critical to move away from current animal protein production models and develop alternatives. This is where insect protein comes into play.
In addition to their sustainable nature, insects have very high nutritional value. Research has shown that the protein count in 100 grams of crickets is estimated to be roughly the same as in 100 grams of lean ground beef. The fat content of insects is also similar to that of fish, offering high amounts of healthy polyunsaturated fatty acids. Unlike other types of meat, insects also contain dietary fiber. In essentially providing the same amount of nutrients as conventional livestock while using up considerably less land and resources, insects are becoming very promising alternative food sources. In addition, being such nutrient-dense foods, insects may also play a significant role in helping alleviate global issues of under- and malnourishment.
Clearly, insect-based diets offer huge potential in regard to enhancing global food security as well as reducing environmental impacts. Of course, the 'disgust factor' prevails, with many people still hesitant to incorporate edible insects into their diets. As a result, rather than convincing people to eat insects themselves, others have taken a step back and begun to explore ways in which insects can be raised specifically as livestock feed.
With the global demand for meat continuing to rise, pressure to grow crops as animal feed has only escalated, especially with regard to soybean cultivation. Currently, 80% of Amazon soy is produced for animal feed. In Brazil, the second largest producer of soybean in the world, an astounding 25 million hectares is currently devoted towards growing the crop, releasing massive amounts of greenhouse gas into the atmosphere whilst severely threatening biodiversity. However, given their sustainable nature, insects are beginning to replace soybeans. While it takes about one hectare of land to produce a ton of soy, the same area could produce up to 150 tons of insect protein. Recent research has also proven that insects have similar protein levels to soy, providing additional fats, vitamins, and minerals as well.
Already, insects are being successfully raised as animal feed throughout many countries. Part of an EU-funded research project, PROteINSECT supplies hundreds of kilos of dried maggots to feed pigs, chickens, and fish across Europe. In the Netherlands, Protix opened up the world's largest and most advanced insect farm in 2019, focusing specifically on raising black soldier fly larvae – a common insect-based feed source. Similar efforts can be seen in France, where a high-tech start up called Ynsect has successfully bred protein-rich mealworms as feed over the last decade.
Being such small creatures, insects are very easy to raise – either for the purpose of food or animal feed. Recently, many farmers have adopted a vertical farming approach by raising insects in urban warehouses, a technique that aims to maximize the amount of space used whilst minimizing the number of resources. From an animal welfare perspective, raising insects in these tight indoor spaces is also generally a lot more accepted as they are naturally able to live in high densities. Furthermore, insects can also simply live off manure and organic waste, essentially creating a waste-feedback system that could significantly reduce global food loss and waste.
While lab-grown meats and plant-based diets appear to also be steadily growing, the food supply challenge is rising to such an unprecedented scale that multiple protein alternatives will be required to meet high global demand.
Clearly, insect farming offers huge potential when it comes to combating issues of climate change, habitat degradation, and food security. While the demand and production of insects remains low, increasing pressure over the years to replace livestock agriculture with sustainable alternatives may turn this around. While lab-grown meats and plant-based diets appear to also be steadily growing, the food supply challenge is rising to such an unprecedented scale that multiple protein alternatives will be required to meet high global demand. Though cultural tastes may be the largest obstacle to overcome, efforts are clearly being made to incorporate insects into our diets namely by 'westernizing' edible insect cuisine. Meanwhile, though it will likely take a few years before insects become a standard part of our diets, the use of insects as animal feed is highly promising. While the environmental payoff of feeding livestock with insects may be slightly lower when compared to directly eating them ourselves, it is nonetheless a significant step towards cultivating a sustainable food system and future.
Art by Tatiana Dickins
agriculturefoodSustainability
How Can Veganism Become More Widespread?
The Green Bonus
Sewing Clothes: Is it Really Sustainable?
We Need Positive Visions of the Future
E-Waste: The Dirty Byproduct of Our Technological Age and How To Deal With It
Three Recipes, a Mission, and a Veg Box: Welcome To Our Sustainable Dinner Party
letter from the editor :: language
Categories Select Category Crucible Issue 1.1 :: Food Issue 1.2 :: Conservation Issue 1.3 :: Language Issue 1.4 :: Imagined Futures Kaleidoscope Lifestyle Local Opinion Politics Science and Tech STORYTELLING Uncategorized Utopia


Are you looking for a reliable and high quality business catering company in Union City NJ? Simply Delicious is your top choice. Our experienced staff doesn't merely specialize in supplying catering of the highest quality, but places a strong emphasis on customer service and support. Whether you are trying to host a small lunch for your employees, or you are in need of catering for a large social event, for instance a wedding or a conference, the caterers at Simply Delicious are here to get the job done. From planning to execution, we're going to help you along each step of the way. Are you not sure of what you're looking for? Simply Delicious is here to help you get started when you are in need of a business catering company in Union City NJ for your event or get together.
When you are in need of hot lunch catering in Union City NJ, this is something that we specialize in at Simply Delicious. When you are looking for something apart from the typical sandwiches you're going to find at a business conference or meeting, the wide range of hot menu items we are able to provide are a great choice to leave your employees impressed. We offer options for everyone when it comes to our hot lunch menus, so regardless of who you've got attending your event, they'll be certain to be satisfied with the lunch you have supplied. We make serving hot lunch simple, as all you'll have to do is give us a call and make the arrangement. We will handle all the preparation and set up after you choose what you'd like us to serve at your event. Are you looking for hot lunch catering in Union City NJ from a company you can rely on? Look no further than Simply Delicious Catering.
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When you're in need of a leading business lunch catering company in Union City NJ, Simply Delicious Catering is standing by. Your attendees will be capable of enjoying the large array of options we're capable of providing. supplying a great lunch is essential for showing your partners or your employees how much your value them. Simply Delicious is able to assist in making this happen by ensuring your event runs smoothly and achieves the results you want.
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visiting bali in 2004 was a delight. the flowers alone would have been worth the trip, but there was much more than that to experience.
This entry was posted on August 5, 2009. It was filed under photo of the day and was tagged with bali, orchids, photo of the day.


How to take off the plastic interior door panels and upgrade the speakers in a 3rd generation 2015-2018 Nissan Murano.
This automotive maintenance tutorial was specifically written to assist owners of the third generation (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and probably also the refreshed 2019 & 2020 model years) Nissan Murano SUV in taking off the plastic interior door panels in order to upgrade the OEM speakers, add soundproofing material, fix a faulty electrical switch or replace a broken power window motor.
The tools needed to remove the door panel include a small plastic pry bar tool, a flathead screwdriver, a 10mm socket and a 1/4" drive ratchet.
The OEM door speaker can be removed with a 10mm socket and a 1/4" drive ratchet or a Phillips head screwdriver.
The first two steps are to lower the power window all the way down and then fully open the door.
Use a plastic pry bar tool to gently pry off the sail panel located at the top inner corner of the door panel.
On some models, the sail panel may contain a tweeter speaker that will need to be disconnected.
Then gently pry up the rear edge of the switch panel and the side of the switch panel until it can be fully removed.
Do NOT pry up the front of the switch panel. There is a plastic hook at the front of the switch panel.
Lift out the switch panel and turn it over to access the electrical connector.
Firmly push in the release tab on the white plastic electrical connector before sliding it straight out of its socket.
Next, move to the door pull well in the center of the armrest.
There is a plastic trim piece that covers two screws.
Pry out the trim cover and set it aside in a safe place.
Move to the door opener handle.
Gently pry out the trim piece located behind the door opener handle with a flathead screwdriver.
Remove the single bolt located behind the door opener handle by turning it in the counterclockwise direction with a 10mm socket and a 1/4" drive ratchet.
Set the bolt aside with its corresponding trim cover.
Remove the two screws near the center of the armrest by turning them in the counterclockwise direction with the 10mm socket and a 1/4" drive ratchet.
You could also use a Phillips head screwdriver.
Set the two screws next to their corresponding trim cover so you don't mix them up later on.
At this point, you should have removed four plastic panels or covers, one bolt and two screws.
Firmly pull out the pop rivet friction fasteners all along the bottom edge and both sides of the door panel.
Once all of the pop rivets have been released, you can lift the door panel off the upper lip of the metal door frame.
Locate the cables that operate the door lock rocker switch and the door opener handle.
The cable for the door lock switch is located closer to the top of the door panel.
Pull the white plastic collar out of the "C" shaped socket in the cracket.
Then lift the metal elbow out of its socket.
Then pull out the plastic collar near the end of the door opener handle cable out of the "C" shaped socket in the bracket.
Swing out the cable and lift the metal ball out of its socket.
The speaker is held in place by three screws that can be removed with either a 10mm socket and a 1/4" drive ratchet or a Phillips head screwdriver.
Loosen the three screws on the OEM speaker by turning them in the counterclockwise direction.
For the best possible sound from your new speakers, I recommend applying some Dynamat sound deadener to the metal door frame to help stop vibrations and rattles when you crank up the volume.
To replace the plastic door panel, hold it near the door frame and tilt away the top edge.
Lower the metal ball at the end of the door opener handle cable into the lower socket on the back side of the door panel.
Push the white plastic collar near the end of the cable into the bracket.
Then re-insert the metal 90 degree elbow at the end of the door lock switch into its socket closer to the top of the door panel.
Pass the cable for the switch panel through the opening in the armrest.
Lower the top of the plastic door panel on to the upper lip of the metal door frame.
Firmly tap in the pop rivet friction fasteners all long the bottom edge and both sides of the door panel.
Spin in the two black metal screws a few turns by hand in the clockwise direction near the center of the armrest.
Tighten the two screws by turning them in the clockwise direction with the 10mm socket and a 1/4" drive ratchet.
Spin in the silver 10mm bolt behind the door opener handle a few turns in the clockwise direction.
Tighten the silver bolt in the clockwise direction with the 10mm socket and a 1/4" drive ratchet.
Push the trim cover back into place over the two black metal screws near the center of the armrest.
Push the small trim piece back into place behind the door opener handle.
Push the white plastic electrical connector for the switch panel back into its socket.
Turn over the switch panel and lower it towards the opening in the armrest.
Insert the plastic hook on the front edge of the switch panel down into place first.
Then lower the rear of the switch panel and push on it to secure the retaining clips.
Line up the pop rivets on the back side of the sail panel with the top inner corner of the door frame and push it back into place.
Sit inside the SUV, close the door and verify that the door lock rocker switch, door opener handle, speaker, power window switch and power door lock switch all still work properly.
Be sure to record the speaker upgrade, electrical switch replacement or power window motor replacement in your vehicle's service records.


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Go Home «» News «» World News «» Carol McHenry cried after committing murder, jury heard
Carol McHenry cried after committing murder, jury heard
November 14, 2022 Tomiwa Thomas
A jury has heard that, while driving away from the home where a mother was murdered on the NSW Central Coast, an accused killer broke down and showed her former partner a plastic grocery bag containing bloodied weapons.
Justin Kent Dilosa and Carol Marie McHenry are both charged with murdering Danielle Easey on August 17, 2019, before the Supreme Court of New South Wales.
Two weeks later, Ms. Easey's decomposing body was discovered in a creek near the M1 motorway in Killingworth, wrapped in a protective suit, a doona, plastic, and duct tape.
In August of 2019, Danielle Easey (pictured) was discovered dead in a creek in Killingworth, New South Wales.
Her body exhibited significant scalp lacerations, skull depressions, and back stab wounds, consistent with a hammer and knife attack, according to the Crown.
McHenry and Dilosa accuse each other of attacking and fatally wounding the 29-year-old inside McHenry's residence.
On Monday, Dilosa again testified that on August 15, his ex-girlfriend McHenry invited Ms. Easey to his house to smoke ice late at night.
He refuted accusations that he was upset with Ms. Easey later, stating instead that he was frustrated by her inconsistent stories.
He told the jury that McHenry returned to her Narara home with Ms. Easey in the morning, but called Dilosa in the afternoon to say she was "losing her mind."
McHenry discovered her son's driver's license and bank statements in Ms Easey's handbag, according to Dilosa.
Dilosa reported that the women were still shouting when she arrived at McHenry's residence, with Ms. Easey displaying a'red mark' on her face.
He told the jury that Ms. Easey admitted she had no choice but to steal.
"If she enters into a room and sees a charger hooked into a power outlet, and she believes she can get away with it, she will put it in her purse," he said.
Dilosa added that once the situation settled down, the three of them went in quest of ice, including from a man named Crazy in Newcastle and through a "rip-off" in which they planned to steal ice from a friend.
Two weeks after the attack, the decomposing body of the 29-year-old was discovered in a creek wrapped in a protective suit, a duvet, plastic, and duct tape. Her body was covered with significant scalp lacerations, skull depressions, and back stab wounds.
Back at Narara on August 16 night, Dilosa reported that McHenry was still angry with Ms. Easey and was talking down to her.
He told the jurors, "She treated her like s***, and that's as simply as I can describe it."
Dilosa stated that he returned to McHenry's residence to see her at the front door after falling asleep in his van.
It is said that she said, "We must leave."
McHenry placed Dilosa's head in his lap as they traveled from her residence, prompting Dilosa to describe the trip as "strange." The jury heard that she started crying at one point.
"Jay, I will never see the children again. She allegedly uttered, "I don't know what I've done."
McHenry stopped on the side of the road and displayed a plastic grocery bag to Dilosa. He stated that the box contained a hunting knife, a hammer, and a piece of material smeared in blood.
Justin Kent Dilosa (pictured) and Carol McHenry have been charged with murder, each accusing the other of attacking and fatally wounding Ms. Easey.
Dilosa told the NSW Supreme Court that McHenry (above) began to sob after he was shown a bag of gory weapons.
Dilosa stated that he traveled to the home of one of his friends, Jeremy Princehorn, whose backyard included a campfire, in an effort to resolve the situation.
While saying he did not know there was a body at this point, Dilosa claims he threw the grocery bag into the fire and smashed the knife with a hammer the following day.
McHenry, Dilosa, Princehorn, and another individual went to the Narara residence, where the body of Ms. Easey was discovered in one of the bedrooms.
I observed a bump on the bed. I proceeded to the side of the bed, peeled aside the sheets, and saw Danielle's body,' he explained.
Princehorn was found guilty of being an accessory after the fact to Ms. Easey's murder because he saw the body while standing in the bedroom.
Dilosa's testimony will continue on Tuesday.
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I've seen Bill Carrothers perform several times. Despite being "overlooked" and "underrated," he's well known and highly respected in the Twin Cities. It was great to see him at the Monterey Jazz Festival, and I jumped at the chance to interview him.


text:
Cinévardaphoto
Legendary Filmmaker Agnes Varda Explores the Photographic Medium
A triptych of film essays exploring the photographic medium, CINEVARDAPHOTO is a wonderfully potent and incisive work from Agnes Varda, director of The Beaches of Agnes and The Gleaners and I, who began her career as a photographer before turning to film.
In Ydessa, The Bears and Etc., Varda discovers a haunting exhibit of found photos, each showing a teddy bear. With Ulysses, she deconstructs a picture from her early career as a photographer. While the exuberant Salut les Cubains uses still photos to capture the spirit of the Cuban revolution's early days.
Official Selection at the Toronto International Film Festival and at the San Francisco Film Festival.
"Unutterably charming." -- Manohla Dargis, The New York Times
"A work of great charm and bold aesthetic impurity." -- J. Hoberman, The Village Voice
Documentaries > Art & Artists
The Arts > Photography
Jane B. Par Agnes V. 99 mins Never before released in the US until 2015, Anges Varda (Director of the Oscar Nominated Faces Places) paints a portrait of a woman (Jane Birkin)…
Jane B. Par Agnes V.
Daguerréotypes 79 mins A classic documentary from Agnes Varda, DAGUERREOTYPES is a wonderfully intimate portrait of the small shops and shopkeepers on a short stretch of the Rue…
Daguerréotypes
From Here to There: Episode 2 46 mins A visit with artist Miguel Barcelo who shows Varda the unique tools he's developed for his paintings. A trip to Brussels for the inauguration of…
From Here to There: Episode 2
From Here to There: Episode 3 45 mins Trips to Cologne, then Saint Petersburg, where Varda talks with the famously-guarded Alexander Sokurov, and Art Basel. Lunch with sculptor Christian Boltanski and artist Annette…
From Here to There: Episode 1 46 mins A visit to Chris Marker's apartment, a conversation about art and media - and a journey into Second Life. A train to Nantes for a…
From Here to There: Episode 5 45 mins Varda vists the Maillol Museum in Paris on the occasion of a Vanitas exhibit. Then Mexico, for a conversation with filmmaker Carlos Reygadas (Japon, Silent…
In No Great Hurry - 13 Lessons in Life with Photographer Saul Leiter 76 mins A fascinating documentary on one of the 20th century's most beloved street photographers, Saul Leiter. A contemporary of Diane Arbus and Richard Avedon, Leiter could…
Faces Places - A Road Trip with Legendary Filmmaker Agnes Varda and Photographer J.R.
Cohen Film Collection
Duane Michals: The Man Who Invented Himself
Gregory Crewdson - The Aesthetics of Repression
Tierney Gearson: The Mother Project - A Controversial Photographer and Her Relationship with Art and Family
What Remains - The Life and Work of Photographer Sally Mann
Agnes Varda: From Here to There
Ringl and Pit
Women Behind the Camera
Canyon Cinema Foundation
Love, Cecil - The Life Of a Legendary Photographer and Designer
Gregory Crewdson: Brief Encounters - A Look at the Photographers' Process


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UEFACup draw
The draws for the fourth round, quarter-finals and semi-finals of the 2003-04 UEFA Cup have taken place at UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.
The 16 winners of last night's third-round matches were divided into two groups of eight with each group divided into seeded and unseeded teams.
This seasson's UEFA Cup final will be staged in Gothenburg on 19 May.
2 – Genclerbirligi (Turkey) v Valencia (Spain)
4 – Newcastle United (England) v Real Mallorca (Spain)
6 – Inter (Italy) v Benfica (Portugal)
8 – Villarreal (Spain) v Roma (Italy)
First leg ties to be played on Thursday, March 11 and second leg ties to be played on Thursday, March 25.
Quarter-finals
QF 2 – Winner of match 7 v Winner of match 6
First leg ties to be played on Thursday, April 8 and second leg ties to be played on Wednesday, April 14.
SF 2 – Winner of QF 3 v Winner of QF 1
First leg ties to be played on Thursday, April 22 and second leg ties to be played on Thursday, May 6.


Set of six stubby holders with golf terms: Hole in One, Fore, Birdie, Par and Eagle. One for yourself and each of your mates.
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Golfing terms Hole in One, Fore, Bogey, Birdie, Par and Eagle.


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The Euro May Over the Next 15 Years…
The Euro May Over the Next 15 Years Surpass the Dollar as Leading International Currency
Menzie D. Chinn & Jeffrey A. Frankel
Working Paper 13909
DOI 10.3386/w13909
Issue Date April 2008
The euro has arisen as a credible eventual competitor to the dollar as leading international currency, much as the dollar rose to challenge the pound 70 years ago. This paper uses econometrically-estimated determinants of the shares of major currencies in the reserve holdings of the world's central banks. Significant factors include: size of the home country, rate of return, and liquidity in the relevant home financial center (as measured by the turnover in its foreign exchange market). There is a tipping phenomenon, but changes are felt only with a long lag (we estimate a weight on the preceding year's currency share around .9). The equation correctly predicts out-of-sample a (small) narrowing in the gap between the dollar and euro over the period 1999-2007. This paper updates calculations regarding possible scenarios for the future. We exclude the scenario where the United Kingdom joins euroland. But we do take into account of the fact that London has nonetheless become the de facto financial center of the euro, more so than Frankfurt. We also assume that the dollar continues in the future to depreciate at the trend rate that it has shown on average over the last 20 years. The conclusion is that the euro may surpass the dollar as leading international reserve currency as early as 2015.
Acknowledgements and Disclosures
We thank Brad Setser for useful comments regarding the reserves data and Benn Steil for encouraging us to write this paper. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.
MARC RIS BibTeΧ
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Fire Watch Pasadena: USPA dispatches emergency fire watch guards to hardest-hit parts of Texas after tornadoes hit
Fire Station Pasadena TX
USPA Nationwide Security has deployed a number of emergency firefighter personnel to the Pasadena area as crews work to reopen damaged businesses.
USPA Nationwide Security stands ready to assist our Pasadena neighbors with 24/7 fire stations to replace their decrepit fire suppression systems."
– Brian Fitzgibbons, Vice President of the USPA
PASADENA, TEXAS, Jan. 25, 2023 /EINPresswire.com/ — Severe weather danger shifts east after tornadoes hit Texas. A severe weather threat is set to move east across the state following the tornadoes that hit Texas Monday. The National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center has released a tornado watch for parts of the state.
A series of storms are moving northeast toward the Brazos Valley and DFW metroplex. They could generate damaging winds and large hail. This could lead to severe flooding and power outages.
In the DFW area, the storms have caused hundreds of flights to be cancelled. More than 3 inches of rain fell at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport. A wind gust of 63 miles per hour was recorded at the airport during the storm. For this reason, the national fire service USPA Nationwide Security has deployed a team when the Pasadena Fire Watch Service guards the area.
Tornadoes were reported in the Houston and Dallas areas, as well as several other cities across the state. One person died in New Orleans' Lower Ninth Ward, where a tornado hit before 8 p.m., damaging several homes and businesses. A tree fall also occurred in Choctaw County, Oklahoma.
At least 31 tornadoes have been reported in Texas. A storm system will sweep across the state through Tuesday. Though this system is expected to weaken, it could still bring high winds and damaging tornadoes.
The tornadoes that ripped through Texas on Monday prompted tornado watching in east and inland Southeast Texas. The National Weather Service's storm forecast center is expected to issue tornado watches until 3 a.m. Some parts of Northwest Arkansas and Louisiana are monitored by tornadoes.
"USPA Nationwide Security stands ready to assist our Pasadena neighbors with 24×7 fire watches to replace their downed firefighting systems," said Brian Fitzgibbons, Director of Security and Fire Watch.
Brian Fitzgibbons, VP
USPA Statewide Security
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STEPHEN HEMELT – Inner Strength Drives Orange County from Sport to Community – Orange Leader


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Home > School, College, or Department > CLAS > Geology > Faculty Publications > 14
Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Signature Lipids and Stable Carbon Isotope Analyses of Octopus Spring Hyperthermophilic Communities Compared with those of Aquificales Representatives
Linda L. Jahnke
Wolfgang Eder
Robert Huber
Janet M. Hope
Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
John M. Hayes
David J. Des Marais
Sherry L. Cady, Portland State University
Roger E. Summons
The work of Linda Jahnke and David Des Marais was supported by grants from NASA's Exobiology Program and the NASA Astrobiology Institute. The work of Wolfgang Eder was supported by the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie (to K.O.S.). Work by Sherry Cady was supported by the NASA Exobiology and the NSF Life in Extreme Environments Programs. Roger Summons and Janet Hope publish with the permission of the CEO, AGSO.
Extreme environments -- Microbiology, Thermophilic microorganisms, Hydrothermal vent ecology, Hydrothermal alteration, Biochemical markers
The molecular and isotopic compositions of lipid biomarkers of cultured Aquificales genera have been used to study the community and trophic structure of the hyperthermophilic pink streamers and vent biofilm from Octopus Spring. Thermocrinis ruber, Thermocrinis sp. strain HI 11/12, Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6, Aquifex pyrophilus, and Aquifex aeolicus all contained glycerol-ether phospholipids as well as acyl glycerides. The n-C20:1 and cy-C21 fatty acids dominated all of the Aquificales, while the alkyl glycerol ethers were mainly C18:0. These Aquificales biomarkers were major constituents of the lipid extracts of two Octopus Spring samples, a biofilm associated with the siliceous vent walls, and the well-known pink streamer community (PSC). Both the biofilm and the PSC contained mono- and dialkyl glycerol ethers in which C18 and C20 alkyl groups were prevalent. Phospholipid fatty acids included both the Aquificales n-C20:1 and cy-C21, plus a series of isobranched fatty acids (i-C15:0 to i-C21:0), indicating an additional bacterial component. Biomass and lipids from the PSC were depleted in 13C relative to source water CO2 by 10.9 and 17.2%, respectively. The C20?21 fatty acids of the PSC were less depleted than the iso-branched fatty acids, 18.4 and 22.6%, respectively. The biomass of T. ruber grown on CO2 was depleted in 13C by only 3.3% relative to C source. In contrast, biomass was depleted by 19.7% when formate was the C source. Independent of carbon source, T. ruber lipids were heavier than biomass (1.3%). The depletion in the C20?21 fatty acids from the PSC indicates that Thermocrinis biomass must be similarly depleted and too light to be explained by growth on CO2. Accordingly, Thermocrinis in the PSC is likely to have utilized formate, presumably generated in the spring source region.
Article appears in Applied and Environmental Microbiology (http://aem.asm.org/) and is copyrighted by American Society for Microbiology (http://www.asm.org/).
10.1128/AEM.67.11.5179-5189.2001
http://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/7214
Jahnke, L.L., Eder, W., Huber, R., Hope, J.M., Hinrichs, K.-U., Hayes, J.M., Des Marais, D.J., Cady, S.L. and Summons, R.E. (2001). Signature Lipids and Stable Carbon Isotope Analyses of Octopus Spring Hyperthermophilic Communities Compared with those of Aquificales Representatives. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67(11), pgs 5179-5189.
Andrew G. Fountain
John Bershaw
Jonathan H. Fink


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I first became interested in my genealogy in the mid 70s but numerous career transfers necessitated putting this idea to one side for a number of years. Finally, in 1989, I was in a position to make my very first trip to Scotland, land of my forefathers, my father, Andrew, having been born in Dundee, in 1905. He came to Canada, along with his older brother, David (1903), both having been, essentially, orphaned in 1920. They subsequently earned enough money to bring their younger sister, Jessie, to Canada to join them in Brantford, Ontario, where they were raised to adulthood by their uncle and aunt who had previously emigrated to Canada from Dundee.
The result of my 1989 trip to Scotland was an instant desire to learn more about my father and I entered into the realm of genealogy. During the years that followed, I was quite successful in documenting my family tree all the way back to 1750, in the vicinity of Airlie, where my 4x great grandfather was born. However, there did remain one dangling branch, that of my grandfather, Arthur Rattray, born in 1871, in Dundee. He left Dundee in early 1908 to be employed as chief steward aboard the SS Moeraki, owned by the Union Steamship Company, of Dunedin, New Zealand. For whatever reason(s), he never returned to Scotland, abandoning my grandmother, my uncle David, my father, Andrew, and their sister, Jessie, who was born some four months after Arthur left for New Zealand.
So, the challenge presented itself, what happened to my grandfather?
In the ensuing years, I trolled numerous genealogy websites, cemetery records, any kind of record that I could find, without success. In November of 2007, Ancestry.com added a new free database, Australian Electoral Roll 1928. I searched and found an Arthur Rattray, 338 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania, Chief Steward! Could it be him? All the indicators were there. This Arthur also had a wife, according to the Australian Electoral Roll.
My next step was to send a query to the genealogy help group for Tasmania. Very quickly I received an email response from a Suzanne Griffin, not a relative, but offering to look into the matter. Over the next few weeks, she came up with the 1922 marriage record between this Arthur and his wife, Constance. In tracing Constance's line, Suzanne determined that she was either widowed or divorced, having been married once before. In the process, Suzanne telephoned a relative of Constance, she having died in 1950, the relative confirmed that Arthur was, indeed, Scottish. The next step was to examine the actual marriage certificate for Arthur and Constance and behold! His parents were correctly listed as David Rattray and Isabella Will, my great grandparents!
Suzanne subsequently sent me a photo of the grave marker for Constance and Arthur and will shortly send me a copy of his death certificate.
For those indulging in genealogy I guess the lesson is, never stop looking......you may just find what you are looking for.
Needless to say, I am sending a Christmas flower arrangement to Suzanne in thanks for her Christmas present to me.
Attached is a photo of the grave marker, sent to me by Suzanne, which begs the question, who arranged and paid for this marker? Today, there are four separate Rattray listings in the Hobart telephone directory (a city of 200,000). The next step is for me to contact these four households. Although Arthur was 51 and Constance 44 at the time of their marriage it is possible they had descendants.


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Here Are The 20 Poorest Nations In The World
24/7 Wall St.
A thousand dollars or less per person per year in GDP - the consequence of poverty, genocide, years of war, lack of natural resources, poor farm management, and limited access to clean water and health care.
Click here to see the countries >
This is the follow-up to 24/7 Wall St.'s Twenty Most Productive Nations. Eighteen of the poorest countries by GDP per capita are in Africa. That is not surprising given the famine and war that have racked the continent for the better part of the last four decades. Contributing to these hardships is that many of these countries were recently territories or protectorates of European nations.
The concentration of poverty and the lack of national productivity would have looked very different five decades ago. In the 1960s, China and India were relatively poor nations, with huge populations, low literacy rates, and tremendous untapped resources. Both nations improved their fortunes through education programs and through the organization of rural populations who were brought to cities to turn raw materials into finished goods.
Most of the poorest nations in Africa do not have effective central governments due to instability and civil war. Corrupt officials at all levels bleed money from the economy, "redirecting" aid from the West and "taxing" whatever the country's immature industries produce on their own.
Many of Africa's nations are resource-rich. Some have taken advantage of it. Nigeria is one of the largest oil-producing nations in the world. Meanwhile, other African countries with significant natural resources, like the Democratic Republic of Congo, do not have access to the capital needed to create an infrastructure that could exploit its resources.
The greatest problem for many of these counties is that they have limited means to improve their financial conditions. Some do not have arable land, others have negligible deposits of metal, oil, or gas. Each one been perpetually poor. And with a few exceptions, there is only modest hope that their situations will improve in the decades to come. They must rely on whatever aid they receive from the West, and perhaps Russia and China. They are now and likely will remain the poorest nations.
#20 Republic of Haiti
GDP (PPP): $11.5 billion
GDP per capita: $1,338
Summary: The poorest nation outside of the African continent, Haiti has been beset by natural disasters, poor health conditions, drought and famine. The country experienced some of its worst years under the 30-year rule of physician and brutal dictator Francois "Papa Doc" Duvalier, who was succeeded by his son, "Baby Doc" Jean-Claude. Under the rule of these men, Haiti experienced a massive brain drain, which it is still recovering from. The recent 7.0 earthquake in Port-au-Prince has not helped matters.
#19 Burkina Faso
Population: 16.2 million
Summary: The infrastructure of this west African nation has been plagued by frequent droughts and several coups since the 1980s. This country's main export is cotton, which due partly to these intense droughts and heavy fluctuations in the industry, has been an unreliable cash crop.
#18 Federal Republic of Nepal
PixelPocket via Flickr
Summary: Land-locked and isolated, one-third of Nepal's GDP comes from small-time agriculture. Like Burkina Faso, the country has experienced much political instability over the past few decades. While the nation has significant potential for the development of a hydroelectric power infrastructure, this instability, coupled with the nation's propensity for natural disasters, has left this resource largely untapped.
#17 Republic of Uganda
Summary: Uganda has a great deal of potential with its vast natural resources, particularly precious metals and minerals. However, more than 80% of the population is employed in agriculture. The underdevelopment of a mining infrastructure, as well as a general lack of industrialization, is largely due to large-scale civil unrest and international conflict with neighboring countries, including this list's number one: the Democratic Republic of Congo.
#16 Republic of Mali
United Nations Development Programme via Flickr
GDP (PPP): $15 billion
Summary: Another agriculture-heavy region, densely populated Mali relies heavily on its tobacco industry, which makes up at least 50% of total exports. While the government has attempted to develop an industrial infrastructure aided by the IMF, the UN, and several other philanthropic organizations, Mali has experienced major setbacks. In particular, the unpredictable and unreliable availability of utilities, including electricity, water and telecommunications has deterred foreign investors and hampered development.
#15 Republic of Rwanda
One Laptop per Child via Flickr
Population: 11,055,976
GDP (PPP): $9.9 billion
Summary: Rwanda is one of the countries on this list which shows signs of hope. The genocide in 1994 left the nation's infrastructure in ruins and its people in the depths of poverty. Like several others on this list, this nation is rich in minerals. Efforts to develop this resource, aided by the international perception of increased stability after nearly 1 million deaths during the genocide, have caused mineral production to replace coffee and tea as Rwanda's main export.
#14 Republic of Guinea
GDP per capita: $991
Summary: Guinea retains significant potential in agricultural and mineral resources, as well as hydroelectric development, but a wide range of issues, including a literacy rate of less than 30% and political uncertainty, has left these industries underdeveloped.
#13 Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
GenBug via Flickr
Summary: One of the largest and poorest of the African nations, Ethiopia relies heavily on agricultural exports (particularly coffee) to sustain GDP. Heavy droughts, poor farming practices, price fluctuations, and a two-year war with Eritrea hurt the industry, causing many coffee growers to switch to other crops. In 2005, the IMF forgave the country's debt, which has led to improved conditions.
#12 Republic of Mozambique
Summary: Since becoming independent in 1975, Mozambique has struggled to bring itself out of extreme poverty. Working against massive foreign debt with the aid of international organizations, the nation has managed to garner some attention from investors and has developed a sizable aluminum industry. The growth and export potential of the aluminum industry has been hampered by a sharp drop in the price of the metal since the global economic recession .
#11 Republic of Madagascar
babasteve via Flickr
Summary: Until 1990, Madagascar had a socialist-oriented government, which was replaced by one which has relied heavily on the IMF for economic guidance. A burgeoning tourism industry has developed, but several political crises, as well as the global recession, have hurt the nation's best hope for growth in the past few years.
#10 Republic of Malawi
US Army Africa via Flickr
Summary: Although there have been slight improvements since the 2005 election of President Mutharika, high levels of poverty, HIV/Aids and corruption continue to burden Malawi, one of the world's most densely populated and least developed countries. In addition, the overuse of agricultural land – the nation's primary natural resource – has contributed to over half of the Malawian population living below the poverty line. There are plans for exploiting the country's uranium reserves.
#9 Togolese Republic (Togo)
Erik Cleves Kristensen via Flickr
Summary: Experiencing ongoing political unrest since gaining independence from France in 1960, Togo is considered to be one of the world's poorest countries. Led by the universally condemned President Faure Gnassingbe, son of the corrupt political leader Gnassingbe Eyadema, Togo has only recently begun to rebuild its relationship with the international community after years of human rights violations. With help from the World Bank and the IMF, Togo's government has plans to work to improve economic growth through increased privatization, government transparency, and support from foreign donors.
#8 Republic of Sierra Leone
Brian Harrington Spier via Flickr
Summary: Although rich in minerals and agricultural resources, Sierra Leone suffered a ten-year war, which ended in 2002. Poverty and unemployment remain great hurdles for the recovering nation. The export of diamonds, often called "blood diamonds," benefits only a small minority of the country. For much of the general population, peace and prosperity seem unattainable.
#7 Central African Republic
hdptcar via Flickr
Summary: A site of constant political turmoil, the CAR has undergone three decades of bumbling military dictatorships , a decade of unruly civilian government, and an unstable transitional government established by a military coup. All of this has happened since gaining independence from France in 1960. There is great potential for economic growth within CAR's timber and diamond industries, however years of corruption and political instability have undermined this progress.
#6 Republic of Niger
Marcin Wichary via Flickr
Summary: Featuring an arid climate which suffers from drought cycles and desertification, Niger suffers from a stifled economy that is consistently undercut by price fluctuations in uranium, the country's primary export. These facts, in addition to Niger's prolonged history of post-independence military rule, keep the nation as one of the poorest in the world, devastated by disease and corruption.
#5 State of Eritrea
T U R K A I R O via Flickr
Summary: Having only gained its independence from Ethiopia 17 years ago, Eritrea has faced many problems. Problems that arise from its position as a small, underdeveloped country that continues to experience military conflict since its sovereignty. The country's single party government, run by the People's Front for Democracy and Justice, maintains total control over the economy through military force and the expansion of government-owned businesses.
#4 Republic of Liberia
Summary: As a result of years of civil war and a cycle of incompetent government administrations, Liberia has suffered extensive economic hardships since a 1980 military coup led by Samuel Doe. Fortunately, an abundance of water, timber, and mineral resources offer a chance for salvation for to the nation's war-ravaged infrastructure.
#3 Republic of Burundi
GDP (PPP): $3 billion
Summary: Having recently emerged from a civil war between the Hutu and Tutsi factions, Burundi's economy faces many challenges. It is landlocked, lacking in resources, largely uneducated (only one in two children attend school), and one in every fifteen adults has HIV/Aids. Although recent political stability has proven beneficial, poverty remains extremely prominent.
#2 Republic of Zimbabwe
GDP (PPP): $332 MILLION (note: whoa!)
Summary: One of, if not the poorest nation in the world, Zimbabwe's economy has suffered from war with the Democratic Republic of Congo and hyperinflation as a result of the overprinting of currency. A violent land redistribution campaign has scared away most potential foreign investors.
#1 Democratic Republic of Congo
Summary: Although rich with economic resources, the Democratic Republic of Congo has suffered from war and corruption since its independence in 1960. Once the second most industrialized country in Africa, it now has in the lowest GDP per capita in the world. Lack of infrastructure and the flight of businesses reflect the effects of what has been termed as Africa's "world war," where an estimated three million lives were lost.
Could things ever get this bad in the developed world? Check out...
The 13 Worst Recessions, Depressions And Panics In American History
More: 24/7 Wall St. Features Poor Africa


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You are here: Home / News / Two Guides on Open Access Monograph Publishing
Two Guides on Open Access Monograph Publishing
Filed by Gary Price on August 19, 2015
Both guides are available for free and we believe will likely be of interest to a global audience.
1. Guide to Open Access Monograph Publishing for Arts, Humanities and Social Science Researchers
This guide has been produced to assist arts, humanities and social sciences researchers in understanding the state of play with regards to open access in the UK and what it means to them as current and future authors of scholarly monographs.
Published by OAPEN-UK.
A PDF version of the guide (40 pages; PDF) is also available for download.
2. Open Access Monographs and Book Chapters: A practical guide for publishers (14 pages; PDF)
Published by Wellcome Trust.
Open access for monographs and book chapters is a relatively new area of publishing, and there are many ways of approaching it. This document provides some guidance for publishers to consider when developing policies and processes for open access books.
The guide was written by the Wellcome Trust, which extended its open access policy to include monographs and book chapters in October 2013. Section 4 of this guide sets out Trust policy, but otherwise the recommendations made here are intended as helpful suggestions for best practice rather than requirements.
Hat Tip: OASPA