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Dame Vera Lynn Children's Charity
New home for Dame Vera Lynn's charity
January 27, 2017 Gillian Maguire Leave a comment
Dame Vera Lynn's charity has supported Conductive Education in Sussex for many years, initially with the School for Parents at Ingfield Manor. Last year this support was removed in anticipation of expanding services in new premises, and the charity, Scope, is now supporting Ingfield Manor.
The Dame Vera Lynn Children's Charity has now moved into the new separate accommodation and plans to run a variety of services for the under- 5s with cerebral palsy- including Conductive Education – from there.
Dame Vera's charity moves as 100th birthday nears
More information and contact details can be found on the website at
www.dvlcc.org.uk
Also announced is a special concert at the London Palladium to celebrate Dame Vera's 100th birthday and her amazing career, whilst raising funds for her charity.
www.dameveralynn.com
centres, Dame Vera Lynn Children's Charity, Schools for Parents, Scope, United Kingdom
Dame Vera Lynn charity to change its name
September 18, 2015 Gillian Maguire Leave a comment
The Dame Vera Lynn Trust for Children with Cerebral Palsy has announced that it will change its name, its logo, and launch a new website, on 21 September to become the Dame Vera Lynn Children's Charity.
http://www.wscountytimes.co.uk/news/local/new-beginning-for-dame-s-charity-1-6956264
This has been decided to clarify the charity's status. The charity was established in 2001 when Scope announced it would be unable to carry on funding the School for Parents at Ingfield Manor and since then has been raising money to enable parents to access Conductive Education for their children.
http://www.dvltrust.org.uk/dame_vera_lynn_trust/index/history_page.html
The chair of trustees explains that in fact the charity does not fund the school from a Trust fund as people seem to think
"For too many years there has been a misconception that Dame Vera has set aside a trust fund to finance the School for Parents service for children under five with cerebral palsy. In truth the charity has struggled financially and often turns away applications from other not-for-profit organisations for funding."
Let's hope the new branding and fundraising helps the charity to raise enough funds to keep supporting parents wishing to obtain Conductive Education for their children in West Sussex.
Dame Vera Lynn Children's Charity, funding, Schools for Parents
A truck loaded with evaporated milk was rammed into California's state capitol building in Sacramento, CA. The driver was killed in the incident.


Out sightseeing with visitors this week, we dropped into the Portland Arms for coffee. Coffee/tea, shortbread and mince pies for four in comfortable surroundings all cost under £10, and the service was very friendly. It made our day out even more enjoyable, and we'll certainly be going back.


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Participatory Mission: The Mission Of God's People Revealed In The Whole Bible Story
Speaker: Dr. Christopher J.H. Wright
Organization: ETS National
Related Groups: ETS 2017 - The Heritage of the Reformation (644 mp3s)
ETS Monthly Subscription (2004-2019) (8900 mp3s!)
Complete Digital Library of ETS presentations (2004-2019) (8...
A talk from the 69th Annual Meeting of the Evangelical Theological Society (Nov. 15-17, 2017). The theme for this year's conference: "The Heritage of the Reformation," points to the 500th anniversary of the Reformation. In addition, some sessions will focus on a secondary theme of "religious liberty," reflecting on the significance of meeting in Providence, Rhode Island where Roger Williams, author of "The Bloody Tenent of Persecution," planted a free church in the 17th century to protest the idea of an official state church. The plenary speakers for this conference are: Gwenfair Adams (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary) "Shock and Awe: The Reformers and the Stunning Joy of Romans 1-8," Timothy George (Beeson Divinity School) "Where Are the Nail Prints? The Devil and Dr. Luther," Scott Manetsch (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School) "John Calvin's Doctrine of the Christian Life.
Christopher J.H. Wright served as a presenter at the Evangelical Theological Society Meeting in Providence, Rhode Island (2017), addressing the theme, Engaging Diverse Views on the Church's Mission - and is affiliated with Langham Partnership International.
A Lexical Defense of the Johannine "Only Begotten" Charles Lee Irons
Biblical Types: Revelation Concealed in Plain Sight to be Disclosed Ardel B. Caneday
Evidentialism and Divine Hiddenness John M. DePoe
Examining the Precursors and Outcomes of the Two Reformations: Theology and Science James D. Johansen
Israel, Union with Christ, and the Typology of New Creation Jim Larsen
Much Ado about Headship: Rethinking 1 Corinthians 11:3 Thomas Schreiner
Revisiting "The Image of God": Genesis 1:26-27 and Its Implications for the Concept of Gender June Yang
Systematic Theology and Anti-Intellectualism in the Church Douglas Groothuis
The Puzzle of "Grace and Truth" in John 1:14,17 D. A. Carson
Theistic Evolution Denies 12 Creation Events and Undermines Crucial Doctrines Wayne Grudem

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Could the Bezos divorce be the most expensive ever?
MacKenzie Bezos's divorce from Amazon.com Inc. founder Jeff Bezos could make her the world's richest woman. As of now, Francoise Bettencourt Meyers, the granddaughter of the founder of cosmetics manufacturer L'Oreal SA, is the richest woman in the world, with a net worth of $45.6 billion, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, a ranking of the world's 500 richest people.


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RM Imraan Mahomed
Imraan Mahomed from BKS was crowned the winner in the category of Young Engineer of the Year 2012. The award recognizes his efforts in the establishment of a sustainable operating model for the Moses Mabhida stadium. Imraan has fulfilled the roles of facility manager, operations manager and general manager where he contributed to the development of what is now recognized as the best performing new stadium in South Africa in terms of financial results, number of events hosted and contribution towards social cohesion. Amongst other qualifications from UKZN and Wits University, Imraan also holds an MSc (Project Management in Construction) from Salford University in Manchester, UK.
Try the following fun engineering activities
Displays / Exhibits
Learning Programmes
Today's fastest supercomputers will eventually be left in the (very) slow lane, computer engineers say. Future quantum computers, which work by manipulating atoms and molecules, will be millions of times faster than anything available today.


Hawke's Bay Regional Council will spend the next three days (Tues, Wed, Thurs) hearing and considering submissions to its draft Long Term Plan, called Facing our Future 2018-28.
The Council received 569 submissions on the plan and had more than 400 people attend the seven public meetings held throughout the region. Submissions were received via a number of channels including online, email, fax, phone, posted hardcopy and hand delivered. Social media played a role in this year's consultation, with the Council receiving an additional 45 text messages, 116 Facebook shares, 187 public comments and five private messages.
At this week's hearings the Council will hear from 91 submitters who have indicated they wish to present their submissions in person. It will then spend time considering all the submissions before deciding on any changes to the draft Long Term Plan 2018-2028, which will be adopted at a Council meeting on 27 June 2018.


Backless linen-blend top by Song For The Mute with single button closure and adjustable ties. Sleeveless design that is fitted in the front and open at the back. Hem is intentionally raw.
Material: 66% Linen 34% nylon.


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Marium Chandna Science & Technology Editor
Class of 2009 mchandna@thetartan.org
Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd to speak at CMU for Summit
As G20 fervor spreads to campus, the Carnegie Mellon community will have the opportunity to hear Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd give a special keynote address, followed by a panel discussion of policy experts. The prime minister's address is scheduled to take place on Thursday in Rangos Hall in the University Center at 5 p.m. Doors open at 4 p.m. to allow guests to be seated.
News | September 21, 2009
Gates Hillman Complex Dedicated at Ribbon Cutting Ceremony
Bill Gates, co-chair and trustee of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and chairman of Microsoft Corp., dedicated the Gates Center for Computer Science to the future of technological progress at Carnegie Mellon. "It is an honor and privilege to be involved with Carnegie Mellon," said Gates in a keynote address to students and faculty. A ribbon cutting ceremony followed the address.
Penn. river endangered
Laurel Hill Creek is a major source of clean drinking water and an ideal whitewater rafting spot; now it's among the top 10 on this year's list of America's Most Endangered Rivers. The stream has been nominated by the national advocacy non-profit group American Rivers and its partners, and is the seventh river on the list in America's Most Endangered Rivers: 2009 edition, after the Saluda River ...
News | April 13, 2009
U.S. shootings just as dangerous as terrorism?
I just accepted the bribe of a multi-state summer trip across the U.S. from my parents in exchange for giving up in a long and hard battle for a once-promised solo vacation to Pakistan that they recently refused. While I would love to see more of the United States, what bothers me is the rationale behind their decision: "Pakistan is too unsafe for you to visit on your own."
Forum | April 13, 2009
Diplomat Robert Dry visits campus
The turn of the century has seen phenomenal growth in youth political involvement, said Robert Dry, diplomat-in-residence at City College of New York, to students in the Global and International Relations program during a luncheon discussion on Thursday.
News | April 6, 2009


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In 2014, Rick and Tanya received the Brockville and District Chamber of Commerce Small Business of the Year Award, and the Small Business Enterprise Centre's Entrepreneur of the Year Award. Over twenty years after opening, with the Orr family now including two young children, they continue to pride themselves in creating a friendly, clean and full service experience.
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If you are like most companies I am talking to these days your sales are off from there high for last year. Nobody is immune and there is no place to hide! You have had declining sales for the past six to 12 months with no end in site. So what sales volume should you anticipate going forward?
In speaking with several entrepreneurs over the past few weeks I have come to the unscientific conclusion that most companies severely impacted by the recession are experiencing sales declines of 25% to 33% from there highs for last year. Of course there are exceptions, but, for the most part, this percentage hold true.
As to why this is taking place, I have my theories. Though there obviously is a recession going on, more importantly, there is a complete lack of confidence in the future. Most companies are still making money though all are hoarding cash.
So if you anticipate sales dropping 25% what do you do? We are recommending our clients prepare a "worst case" scenario using a break even template. You should identify what cuts will be required to survive a sales drop of this magnitude. If and when a sales drop occurs you will then be in a position to take action quickly.
Just tell me where the bottom is and I can make money!
It's hard to project sales when they are declining. If you need to project your sales accurately, then download our free Goldilocks Sales Method whitepaper.
You Know Business is Bad When …..


A movement that started in upstate New York is changing the way we think about nursing homes. It's called the Eden Alternative. Its purpose is to transform drab and dreary institutions into more natural human habitats. And its backers say it can help enhance the lives of millions of elderly Americans.
THOMAS: I do believe that a human being with a reason for living is a powerfully adaptive and resilient creature. A human being that feels there's no longer any reason for them to exist is prone to infection, disease, depression, and death. Those are the stakes that are being played for in nursing homes all the time.
CURWOOD: The Eden Alternative this week on Living on Earth, coming up right after this news.
NUNLEY: From Living on Earth, I'm Jan Nunley. The Supreme Court is deciding whether people may sue the Federal Government for doing too much to protect endangered species. Lower courts have ruled that people who suffer economic harm as a result of efforts to protect endangered species can't sue over how the Federal law is enforced. But two Oregon ranchers and two state irrigation districts, citing an estimated $75 million worth of damages in 1992, are trying to persuade the nation's highest court that they're entitled to challenge the law's enforcement. During arguments the high court seemed to side with the plaintiffs. A government lawyer met persistent challenges from the justices, as he asked them to rule that the law lets people sue only to seek more, not less, protection for endangered species. The court's decision will be announced by July.
The Environmental Protection Agency says it has lost or misplaced about 200 documents from dozens of chemical companies that could contain sensitive and valuable information. Pye Chamberlain reports from Washington.
CHAMBERLAIN: An internal memo says the incident will embarrass the Agency, and could hurt efforts now underway to get new information about dangerous materials from the chemical industry. EPA is proposing regulations requiring companies to tell EPA about new products that could be harmful to people and the environment. They would also force companies to disclose newly discovered dangers about well-known materials. A spokesman for the chemical industry says the loss of the documents raises grave questions about EPA's management of data. Companies are concerned that the loss could give competitors trade secrets about formulas and manufacturing processes worth millions of dollars. EPA says it handles half a million documents, and misplacing 200 is not a serious security problem. For Living on Earth, I'm Pye Chamberlain in Washington.
NUNLEY: Thailand is the first developing nation in the world to ban the production and import of refrigerators with chlorofluorocarbons. The ban takes effect on January 1st, one year after the deadline proposed on developed countries by the UN's Montreal Protocol. CFCs, which are widely used as coolants in refrigerators and air conditioners, are believed to be a major contributor to the destruction of the Earth's protective ozone layer. Less ozone means an increase in damaging ultraviolet radiation from the sun, damage in crops, and increasing the risk of skin cancer for humans and animals. The Thai refrigerator industry has grown rapidly in the past decade, with 7 companies producing more than 1 million refrigerators annually.
Doctors have found a group of Nairobi prostitutes who have been able to resist the virus that causes AIDS. Researchers say 43 of the more than 400 prostitutes they studied for nearly a decade never became infected with HIV, despite repeated exposure to the virus. In August US doctors reported they had identified a genetic mutation that made about 1% of Caucasians studied resistant to HIV infection. This mutation has not been found in the African population or among Japanese. Scientists say once they know how the African women resisted infection, the knowledge can be used to develop a vaccine or a treatment for AIDS. The study appeared in the British medical journal Lancet.
Researchers in San Diego say they can find no evidence of Gulf War Syndrome in the hospital records of more than 1 million service people, and they say it may be impossible for scientists ever to establish whether such a syndrome even exists. From KPBS, Scott Horsley has this story.
HORSLEY: Researchers compared the medical records of service people who served in the Gulf with those who did not and found Gulf War veterans were not hospitalized at any higher rate. Dr. Gregg Graves of San Diego's Naval Health Research Center says the finding should be reassuring to veterans that their service in the Gulf did not put them at greater risk. His study, and another with similar findings, are published in the New England Journal of Medicine. While Gulf War veterans did have a higher incidence of some kinds of hospital visits, researchers say that's typical after any combat situation, and probably results from stress, delayed care, and postwar pregnancy. Some Gulf veterans have complained of mysterious symptoms, such as headaches, fatigue, and sleep disorders, and it's been suggested these might be linked to Iraqi use of chemical weapons. While these studies tend to discount that, a deputy editor of the New England Journal says they're unlikely to end the debate over the cause or existence of Gulf War Syndrome. Additional studies are still underway. For Living on Earth, I'm Scott Horsley in San Diego.
NUNLEY: Officials in Glen Ellen, Illinois, say their town's lake is being overrun by goldfish. Apparently, goldfish owners tired of their pets are dumping them into nearby Lake Ellen. Now the lake has 350,000 goldfish, some more than a foot long. Anyone who's ever had goldfish knows they can make quite a mess. In this case officials figure it's going to cost up to $300,000 to clean their giant fishbowl, and that's a lot to swallow.
CURWOOD: We'd like to know what you think. Besides the pets, plants, and kids, what steps would you take to make a nursing home more like a real home? Send us your suggestions. You can call our listener line right now at 1-800-218-9988. That's 1-800-218-9988. Our e-mail address is LOE@NPR.ORG. That's LOE@NPR.ORG. The US Postal Service delivers letters to Post Office Box 639, Harvard Square Station, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02238. That's Living on Earth, Post Office Box 639, Harvard Square Station, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02238. And check out our web page at www.loe.org. That's www.loe.org.
CURWOOD: On occasion I get out from behind my desk and this microphone to do a little reporting. And recently I caught a plane for Jamaica to spend a few days with some of the world's leading marine scientists. It sounded like a dream assignment: a chance to relax in the warm sun in a beautiful spot by the sea. It turned out to be a disheartening experience. The scientists were great people, but the stories they had to tell me were deeply disturbing. Some of course you've already heard on Living on Earth over the years. For example, we've reported on how the world's fishing grounds, once as flush as the great flocks of birds in the sky or the huge herds of buffalo on the plains, are turning barren beneath the waves as we hunt fish with ever more sophisticated gear. But the rest of the seas are all right, yes? Well, no, not according to these scientists.
In speech after speech they recited a litany of emerging dangers.
Item: there's evidence that the entire ocean system has been contaminated with toxic chemicals, and some of the larger creatures are showing disturbing accumulations of poisons in their tissues even if they live thousands of miles from the industrial regions of the world.
Item: there's evidence that a 4-degree rise in the regional temperature of Antarctica is disrupting the entire food chain on which whales, seals, and penguins depend.
Item: there's evidence that the rapid loss of coastal marine habitat is ruining the ability of many aquatic species to reproduce.
Some of these scientists took me diving to show me how the coral reefs, which in diversity are akin to the tropical rainforests on land, are fast disappearing. And there's more. And each of the trends is deeply worrisome. Taken as a whole, they raise the question of our very survival.
In a way it's like living in a house. Individual problems are annoying but manageable. A leaky roof, no heat, backed up plumbing. Any of those are inconvenient but one can get by. But if they all fail at the same time, it starts to become unlivable. While the oceans may seem distant to human affairs, consider that about 95% of the living space on Earth is the ocean. This is a water planet. Life evolved in the oceans, and even today our blood matches the salinity of the seas. Marine scientists say most of our oxygen comes from the seas and that most of our climate control is rooted in the seas. If we didn't have the oceans, they warn, this planet would be as hospitable as Mars.
At the end of their gathering, these scientists met to try to figure out how to issue a warning to the world about this largely ignored threat they see to our survival. I can only say this. We will try our best to keep you informed, so when it comes to the oceans you need not act from ignorance.
ANNOUNCER: Living on Earth is brought to you by all-natural Stonyfield Farm Yogurt -- whether supporting worthwhile causes or producing healthy foods, Stonyfield's goal is to make you feel good inside; the Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation; the National Science Foundation for coverage of science in the environment; the W. Alton Jones Foundation; Jennifer and Ted Stanley; the W.K. Kellogg Foundation for coverage of sustainable agriculture; and Patagonia: a clothing company committed to making quality outdoor clothing with the earth in mind. For a free catalogue call 1-800-336-9090.
CURWOOD: The search for exotic drugs in our own back yard. Chemical prospecting comes to North America. That's just ahead on Living on Earth.
CURWOOD: Nineteen ninety-six has been a milestone year for several renowned publications. The New York Times marked a century under the ownership of the Sulzberger family, and the Wall Street Journal celebrated the centennial of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. But both newspapers were eclipsed by the Old Farmer's Almanac. This popular periodical will soon mark its 205th year, making it the oldest continually running gazette in North America. First published during George Washington's second term in office, the Farmer's Almanac as it was then known was an immediate success. By its second year circulation had tripled to 9,000. Today it stands at more than 4 million. When it started the Almanac was just one of several published at the time. While no one knows for sure what accounted for its success, the Farmer's Almanac's weather and astronomical predictions were sharper than its competitors'. Included in its crystal ball: the July snow of 1816, the 1953 Worcester tornado, and a near-perfect prediction of Hurricane Andrew in 1992. And for this week that's the Living on Earth Almanac, which makes no predictions.
CURWOOD: If you have had ovarian cancer, you may have been given the drug Taxol to help fight the disease. Taxol, which has earned hundreds of millions of dollars in sales so far for its manufacturer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, was originally derived from the bark of the yew tree, which grows in the Pacific Northwest. We tend to think of richly diverse tropical rainforests as the sources for natural medicinals, but some of the most commercially valuable drugs, including Taxol, are found in the temperate forests of the United States. These resources have gone largely unexplored. That will soon change if efforts to establish the world's first temperate zone biodiversity preserve are successful. Tatiana Schreiber explains.
EISNER: Well if you seem to come up on a plant where the leaves are not injured by insects, that tells you something. It tells you that the leaves must be filled with some kind of chemical that wards off insects. Well, a chemical that might repel insects in the plant could secondarily inhibit the growth of cells, and by so doing could be used for the control of the growth of tumors. In other words, could be used as an anti-cancer agent. You never know what hidden dimensions there are to some chemical that evolved in nature for one purpose or the other.
SCHREIBER: A researcher at Cornell University, Eisner in 1991 helped develop a compact between the nation of Costa Rica, a private biodiversity institute located there called Inbio, and the US-based Merck Pharmaceutical Company. The groundbreaking agreement allows Merck to collect natural products from Costa Rica's conserved wildlands as potential sources of new drugs. In exchange, Merck gave Imbio more than a million dollars of research money and agreed to return a percentage of any profits made to Costa Rica, specifically for conservation efforts. Now, Dr. Eisner is forging a similar arrangement closer to home. A proposal between Cornell, the Finger Lakes Land Trust, and one or more pharmaceutical partners, would establish the nation's first temperate zone biodiversity preserve just 12 miles south of Ithaca.
SCHREIBER: Eisner and forest ecologist Mike Demunn gaze across a sea of goldenrod to a small pond and beyond to a marsh in a steep forested ridge. This 250-acre site contains just about every kind of temperate zone habitat in the Finger Lakes region. There are lakes, beaver ponds, high and low elevation forests, rich glacial soils and bare rock, swamps and grass land. An important tributary into Cayuga Lake runs through the area, and some 110 bird species have been counted here so far.
HODGE: So now we're looking really up close at the cyclosporin fungus, and we can see a lot of spores floating around the kind of the dark circles here. And it's squeezing out the spores.
GANGULI: The number of samples that you have to examine to get anything worthwhile is huge. And then the development process associated with getting to a stage where it can be commercialized, it takes a lot of time, effort, and money. And so when all this is said and done, you most probably take, from the time you found something interesting until it becomes a drug, perhaps 7, 10 years.
HAMMOND: One of the principal, you know, ideas on which some of these deals are based is that the pharmaceutical company will patent the plant or the DNA segment from the plant or one of its parts, in order to commercialize a product derived from them. And we ultimately feel that, you know, the patenting of life is both something that's immoral and is technically unworkable.
EISNER: What we find in species nowadays is a reflection of not so much what is there but of that which we know how to find. New techniques for looking at coming on line all the time. So maintaining this extraordinary library of information known as Mother Nature is the most important thing we can do for our descendants.
CURWOOD: Mushrooms, even the ones that may contain hidden cures for disease, don't usually get a lot of respect here in the United States. But elsewhere they are practically revered. For example, historian Valerie Pavlovna Wasson devoted 400 pages to the topic in her book Russians, Mushrooms, and History. Commentator Sy Montgomery looks at why we fear the magnificent fungi, and why we shouldn't.
CURWOOD: Commentator Sy Montgomery is author of The Spell of The Tiger. She comes to us from New Hampshire Public Radio.
CURWOOD: A final harvest on a family farm reaps memories for writer Jane Brox. That's coming up on Living on Earth.
CURWOOD: It's Living on Earth. I'm Steve Curwood. Germany is spending 6 billion Marks, or about $4 billion, of public money, to build a new transport system. It's called the Trans-Rapid Magnetic Levitation Train, and by the year 2005 it'll carry passengers between Berlin and Hamburg at speeds of up to 260 miles per hour. Its supporters argue the train is a non-polluting alternative to traveling by automobile and air. But German environmental activists aren't so sure. They say the so-called Mag-Lev train will damage the competitiveness of existing rail transportation, and they question claims that it's really less polluting. Michael Lawton reports.
LAWTON: An excited group of tourists sit and wait for the Trans-Rapid Magnetic Levitation Train to get underway at its test track in the small town of Lathon in northern Germany. A ride on the 25-mile-long track has become one of the few major attractions of the flatlands near the Dutch border. So far, the Trans-Rapid has carried 300,000 people, and it hasn't even gone into commercial service yet.
LAWTON: Herr Hugenberg is our guide. He looks like everybody's favorite uncle: white-haired and reliable, and he sounds a bit bored at telling these facts over and over again. The perfect choice to make us think that the Trans-Rapid is very normal. The train lifts itself just one centimeter from the ground and we're off. The acceleration is smooth and easy, and going around curves at high speed is quite comfortable. The slightest excitement enters Herr Hugenberg's voice as we reach 260 miles, 420 kilometers an hour.
LAWTON: The trouble with high-speed transport is that if it's any good, it doesn't feel like high speed. Of course, this is only a prototype and it's noisier and it rattles more than the production models will later, but even so you don't get a sense of traveling that fast.
LAWTON: The consortium of German companies which has developed the Trans-Rapid has been working at it initially in competition and then in cooperation for around 20 years. Big names like Siemens, Thyssen, and Daimler-Benz, have invested millions in the technology, which has certain clear advantages over more conventional systems. Electromagnets make the train float over the track. there are no wheels so there's no friction loss there. And the Trans-Rapid doesn't carry a motor. The electric induction coils which drive the cars are in the track, so the train is light and needs relatively little energy to power it. But all this high-tech wizardry will be very expensive, altogether 9 billion marks, $6 billion, to build the 190-mile stretch between Berlin and Hamburg. Hans-Christoph Atzpodien, chief executive of the company which will build the Trans-Rapid, thinks it's money well spent.
ATZPODIEN: Between Berlin and Hamburg we need a new high-speed track because we will have a huge increase of passengers between these two cities. We can be quicker in connecting Hamburg's main station to the center of Berlin. We need only 60 minutes, and that again means we get more people from the motorways and from the short haul air traffic to the environmentally positive Trans-Rapid than any other railway alternative would do. That is the point.
LAWTON: But the environmentalists in Germany are united against the Trans-Rapid. They argue why that massive investment when the conventional train is doing so well? The railroad already goes into every sizable town, and the speed on the major routes is up to 250 kilometers an hour. The latest inter-city express train will even manage speeds of up to 300 kilometers, or 190 miles an hour. With improvements to the existing track, this train could run between Hamburg and Berlin almost as fast as the Trans-Rapid, but for a ninth of the cost. But what about the Trans-Rapid's environmental advantages. Walter Schmidt, of German Friends of the Earth, says the consortium's calculations are too optimistic.
SCHMIDT: It is not as energy efficient as the Trans-Rapid people always say. Even at a velocity of 300 kilometers per hour, it consumes 25% more energy than the inter-city train of the new generation. It is basically a bad amalgamation of a train and a plane. Whereas the plane flies at an altitude of 9 or 12 kilometers, the Trans-Rapid system is like an aeroplane that flies just slightly over the ground, and it has to fight against this air friction, and loses a lot of energy just by cruising through that air friction.
LAWTON: And that air friction is the main objection of the people along the route. There's already considerable opposition from residents who say they don't want to live next to the Trans-Rapid as it pushes aside the air at over 400 kilometers an hour.
LAWTON: Which will sound something like that. And the Trans-Rapid business plan foresees one of those every 10 minutes in each direction, carrying 40,000 passengers a day. That's another area where the critics say the industry is exaggerating. At the moment, for example, the air route sells just 400 tickets a day. All the same, Hans-Christoph Atzpodien, says that even if the train can't turn a profit, it's still important to build it.
ATZPODIEN: Only if a transportation system is commercially used in the country where it has been developed, then it can be subject to selling to other countries, and that is the same thing true for the Trans-Rapid.
LAWTON: Well, now the government has approved it and the Trans-Rapid will probably be built. So what are its export chances? Ross Kapon is executive director of the American National Association of Railroad Passengers. He thinks the German environmentalists have it right. He says for the US, too, it would be more cost effective and make more environmental sense to simply upgrade the train. But if, as its operators expect, the Trans-Rapid proves to be a success between Hamburg and Berlin, wouldn't that make him change his mind?
KAPON: Well that's the big if. Sure, if you get something that's a proven product and it works and it does for a reasonable cost what its promoters say it will, then certainly. I mean, one of the reasons that many people are promoting high-speed rail in America is precisely because it works so well in places like Germany. You do not have to throw away proven technology to get something that looks modern and acts modern.
LAWTON: The Trans-Rapid has been going backwards and forwards up here on its test track for the last 12 years. Its advocates say it's time for it to be doing something useful for a change. But for all the high technology, the environmentalists think the Trans-Rapid is a solution to a problem which doesn't exist. For Living on Earth, this is Michael Lawton in northern Germany.
CURWOOD: During the past year, commentator Jane Brox has taken us on a journey through the seasons on her family's farm in northern Massachusetts. Last winter, she introduced us to her father, who was born when family farms were the norm in the Merrimack Valley. Today, only a few people still work the land. Jane and her father were among them. Just before we aired that story her father, John Brox, passed away. In the spring, Ms. Brox told us what it was like to go through a time of planting, renewal, and hope for the first time without him. At the end of the summer she introduced us to her farm stand, where city folks came to shop and where she longed for the end of the long harvest season. Now, as the long shadows of winter again start to fall over her home, Jane Brox reflects on the long year since her father died, and the changes that have come to her and her farm.
BROX: The air no longer smells of fermenting windfall apples. It's clear and cold and a harder light falls on the bare turned branches of the fruit trees. The farm stand is closed tight. Except for a few rows of cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower, which I could still pick on a warm day, all the fields are in rye. What remains of the vibrant, tight-hearted fall, is the scrape of oak leaves and the small, thin notes of finches as they peck at seed.
BROX: I work inside at a table set in a west-facing bay window that frames a solitary Baldwin apple tree. It's one of the oldest fruit trees here, planted by the man who built my white farmhouse, who lived a more frugal life than I could imagine, repairing with scrap, insulating with paper, saving string. Baldwins were a standard part of that earlier life, when every family farm had its own orchard and every tree yielded a different variety of apple: Russet, Greening, Winesap, Sheetnose, Ben Davis, Astracan.
BROX: A few trees of those varieties still bear on gravelly New England hillsides. Their gray bark trunks have thickened with the years. Their crabbed branches clatter in the winter wind. Commercial apple trees will never look that way again. Most have been cut down and replaced, if not by houses, by dwarf or semi-dwarf trees, which are easier to pick and produce a higher yield per acre. And the old kinds of apples, fallen to market pressures, have been replaced by more uniform, redder varieties: Macintosh and Delicious that everyone knows, crisp bright Macoun, perfect for eating out of hand.
BROX: But the Baldwin tree still bears a good crop every other year. This fall its branches almost touched the ground, it was so laden. The fruit slowly turns a brownish red all September, before it deepens to a darker red, with a rusty splay at its stem. Spicy and juicy, long valued for its keeping qualities, I can still make a pie from its fruit in March. Baldwins are slow to ripen and sweeter after the frost, so this tree is one of the last to be picked, and its harvest, late this fall, marked the final turn of the difficult year.
BROX: Back at the start, in the clear winter light of my father's funeral, I couldn't even imagine getting this far.
BROX: The old farmers hold on a long time, and my father was no different. He had worked so hard to his own dreams and ideas of this place, had for so long alone decided what to grow and where, how to market and to whom. Even in his last months I think he found the necessity to compromise and relent, more difficult than the physical work. Such control doesn't make for easy succession, and there are days, I feel, we're all the more lost for his having held on so stubbornly.
BROX: Even so, it may be that very stubbornness that also makes it possible for us to continue. My father had his choices. He could have done other things to greater profit and with less love with his life and this land. Having chosen to continue farming here, he has given us the chance to go on, too. And in the end, however well he may have prepared us, it would never have been enough. Since it's not so much the work we're unprepared for as it is his absence.
CURWOOD: Jane Brox lives in Dracut, Massachusetts. Her latest book, Here and Nowhere Else, won this year's L.L. Winship Pen New England Award. Her essays are produced by Living on Earth's Sandy Tolan.
CURWOOD: And for this week that's Living on Earth. Our program is produced by the World Media Foundation in cooperation with WBUR, Boston, and Harvard University. Our production team includes George Homsy, Kim Motylewski, Liz Lempert, Constantine Von Hoffman, Jan Nunley, Susan Shepherd, Julia Madeson, and Peter Shaw. We also had help from Michael Giammusso, Kim Chaney, and Jason Kral. Special thanks this week to Kathleen and Jeffrey Adams. Chris Ballman is our senior producer and Dan Grossman edited this week's program. Our engineers are Frank DeAngelis and Mark Navin at WBUR, and Jeff Martini at Harvard University. Michael Aharon composed our theme. I'm Steve Curwood, executive producer. Thanks for listening.


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The Trends Report 2020
Welcome to The Chronicle's sixth annual Trends Report. In the past year, we've seen the shifts we identified in 2019 continue or even accelerate. Think of three of them, in particular: New levels of public mistrust. Momentum behind mega-universities. The return of in loco parentis. All of those factor into this year's list, as colleges deal with what is, for many of them, the most urgent challenge of all: enrolling enough students to stay solvent.
Which institutions will survive, and how can you tell? What is fair and right to do in the scramble for students? When it comes to keeping those students — and faculty members — safe, how can colleges protect due process? What other growing legal risks do colleges face?
This report will help you answer those questions and others. You'll find expert analysis, insights born of deep reporting, and commentary to spark thinking on your campus.
Here are the major trends we've identified for 2020.
Martin Leon Barreto for The Chronicle
The Rise of the Oddsmaker
Speculation has circulated for years about disruption in higher ed and a resulting college die-off. Now, experts are putting their metrics where their mouths are. With data in hand, government agencies, media outlets, companies, and scholars are using different formulas to predict the survival or demise of particular colleges. Laying odds on the health of private companies is one thing. But given that colleges have goals that defy neat profit-and-loss categories, does it make sense to assess them in the same way?
Higher ed is "desperately in need of a set of core metrics around financial health and sustainability," says Rick Staisloff, a finance expert. But, he says, "the danger is in overpromising what these tools can provide to us."
And the conversation about what's happening is caught among extreme visions: Some — usually outsiders — see an implosion coming, while people at colleges tend to be optimistic — that is, until it's too late.
How to avoid reaching that point? Jeffrey J. Selingo, founding director of the Academy for Innovative Higher Education Leadership, says colleges need to better understand the students they can and should serve, connect their academic offerings to the rapidly changing world of work, and seek partnerships to modernize their approach.
The End of Admissions As We Know It
The rules of competition in college admissions just changed, leading more colleges to adopt hard-sell tactics that look remarkably like those in the retail industry. They're using special incentives to try to nail down their incoming classes sooner, lure students who've committed to other colleges, and even persuade students already enrolled elsewhere to transfer. Some in the field think those come-ons will help students better understand their options and save money. Whether or not that's true, one thing is clear: As enrollment managers try to reduce their own uncertainty, they're prolonging the uncertainty of students.
Some students will surely welcome being courted for an extended period. For their families, such competition might deliver a more-affordable option that eases their financial burden. But Phil Trout, a college counselor at Minnetonka High School, in Minnesota, worries about the consequences of dragging more and more students into a long season of pot-sweetening.
Last fall, the mother of a 2019 Minnetonka graduate contacted him to say that her son, a college freshman, had received transfer solicitations from seven institutions. He hadn't even applied to three of them. "She said, 'This isn't right,'" Trout recalls. "And I said, 'Well … actually, now it's allowed.'"
Data show who's likely to consider such recruitment strategies, what incentives they might offer, and what tactics they think would work to hold on to students others are recruiting.
Maybe everyone should calm down. W. Kent Barnds, executive vice president for external relations at Augustana College, describes how his institution has responded to removal of the guidelines, and makes a case for some simple principles that would help everyone navigate the new reality.
The Next Wave of #MeToo
The #MeToo movement on campuses has encouraged more victims of sexual assault to speak up and more decision makers to believe them. Now momentum is growing to take the movement further: more-stringent regulation of interactions that put people at risk. A broader scope of forbidden behavior. Lasting consequences for perpetrators that hold them accountable to the whole community.
In response, colleges and funding agencies are changing their policies. Membership in the National Academy of Sciences can now be revoked for sexual harassment or other unaceptable behavior. A working group at the National Institutes of Health wants to treat professional misconduct, including sexual harassment, as seriously as research misconduct. Already, between January and November of 2019, 12 principal investigators were replaced and 55 people were removed from peer review after NIH inquiries.
But amid viral images of student activists confronting professors and stories of students falsely accused of rape, a backlash is brewing. Concerns about due process, reflected in new regulations due any day now from the U.S. Department of Education, mean an opposing pressure on colleges is also building. The most important move college leaders can make, if they can figure out how, is to build a culture that prevents harassment and assault in the first place.
Maybe a start is to ban all romantic relationships between faculty and students — including grad students and older adults. Here's how one university considered that question and revised its policy.
One victim of sexual harassment writes, with her graduate student, that Title IX investigations do little to meet the needs of survivors. A restorative-justice process would do a better job of helping victims reclaim their power and recover.
New Rules For the Ph.D.
The cloistered tenure-tracker in the archives, the solitary bench scientist in the university lab — those positions are becoming less common. In the past several years, Ph.D. programs have started to recognize, and communicate to their students, that nonacademic careers are legitimate. Now a movement to rewrite the rules of graduate training is gathering steam.
Progressive departments, backed by foundation and federal-government money, are granting credit for activities that wouldn't have counted toward the doctorate in the past. Collaborations with organizations off campus, portfolios instead of comprehensive exams, courses for scientists in the business side of research. A podcast, a rap album, or a comic book instead of a traditional dissertation.
And why do scientists need to produce so many research papers? An earth and environmental sciences professor argues they should be spending more time developing software. That would be better not just for their careers, he writes, but for their mental health — and even for science itself.
Many humanists, too, say preparing doctoral students for careers outside academe isn't the only reason to change the Ph.D. Public support depends on public understanding. Benjamin Reiss, chair of Emory University's English department, wants grad students there to think about how their skills can benefit society, and to produce projects that don't require theoretical jargon to explain. "I think they have to demonstrate what they do — and demonstrate what they can do," he says. "And then the interest will follow."
Liability Everywhere
The past year has seen surprising court decisions and landmark settlements expanding the range of colleges' responsibility for the behavior of their administrators, faculty members, and students. Get ready now for a bundle of other legal issues presented by a looming recession and falling enrollments. Closings, mergers, and personnel complaints — along with a rise in class-action lawsuits and skyrocketing jury awards — mean higher education is in for a rocky legal ride. One place you probably shouldn't cut costs? Your Office of General Counsel.
"People have hard and fast opinions about colleges and universities, and in some communities these are not popular institutions," says a specialist in higher-ed law.
"Some lawyers and juries will really try to stick it to an institution they think is out of touch."
But the community on campus may present the most challenges. Free-speech complaints. Mental-health challenges (here's one policy viewed as a model). And layoffs, mergers, and closings that will be fought tooth-and-nail — including by alumni.
Over the last four decades "higher education chose a capitalist path, for better or for worse," says Stetson University's Peter Lake. "If that's the game you're going to play, from experience with other capital markets, you can kind of predict what will come of all this: very painful, very litigious activism."
A version of this article appeared in the February 21, 2020, issue.
Leadership & GovernanceInnovation & Transformation


Following this week's high temperatures which have seen high numbers attending A&E with minor injuries, health professionals in Bedfordshire are appealing to people to avoid A&E unless their condition is serious or life threatening.
Ensuring people can access the right care at the right time not only saves unnecessary, lengthy waits in hospital, it also means that genuine serious accidents and emergencies can be dealt with quicker.
Local health commissioners are issuing a reminder of the different ways that people can access help and advice. This includes using their GP, pharmacist, walk-in centres or NHS 111 to ease the demand on local hospital services.
High street pharmacists are a useful first port of call, especially as they can offer clinical advice without an appointment.
General practitioners (GPs) can provide a wide range of health services and support for a range of illnesses or injuries. Nurses and health care assistants often work alongside the GPs to help support patients' everyday health.
GP out of hours services in Bedfordshire offer all of the services that a GP offers during the day. To contact your GP out of hours service all you need to do is call your practice's daytime number and you will be directed where to go or call.
The NHS Walk-in centre at Putnoe, Bedford is open 8.30am – 6.00pm every day including holidays.
NHS 111 can also offer advice 24 hours a day, seven days a week – just dial 111 free of charge from a mobile or landline.


text:
Oskar Davičo, cyr. Оскар Давичо (ur. 18 stycznia 1909 w Šabacu, zm. 30 września 1989 w Belgradzie) – serbski pisarz, nadrealista, socjalista i publicysta. Publikował także pod pseudonimami: O. Davidović, S. Kovačić, S. Nikolić, Vlada Barbulović.

Młodość i literackie początki
Urodził się w rodzinie żydowskich urzędników państwowych. Szkołę podstawową ukończył w Šabacu, a gimnazjum w Belgradzie, gdzie zdał także maturę w roku 1926. Studiował romanistykę na Sorbonie w Paryżu (1926-1928) i na Wydziale filozoficznym Uniwersytetu Belgradzkiego, które ukończył w 1930 roku. Przez moment nauczał literatury w męskim gimnazjum w Belgradzie, następnie w Szybeniku uczył języka serbskiego i francuskiego. Swoje pierwsze opowiadanie opublikował w 1923 roku w przeglądzie Nedeljne ilustracije. Brał udział w tworzeniu almanachu Nemoguće na którego łamach ukazał się jego wiersz Dijapazon noći, Paket udaljen od mene celom svojom daljinom – tekst pisany prozą oraz jeden rysunek. W 1930 r. Davičo wydał, nakładem 60 egzemplarzy, pierwszą książkę pt. Anatomija. Jak twierdzi Julian Kornhauser jest to zwarty, jednorodny tekst będący formą pośrednią między prozą a prozą poetycką. Dzieło to jest zapisem monologu wewnętrznego o strukturze ciągłej (bez podziału na wersy i strofy, jedynym zabiegiem wyodrębniającym poszczególne części jest zastosowanie licznych akapitów) i logicznej konstrukcji, choć często alogicznych zdaniach. W 1931 r. został jednym z wydawców czasopisma Nadrealizam danas i ovde. Wraz z Dušanem Maticiem i Đorđem Kosticiem napisał niezwykle istotną dla zrozumienia założeń ruchu nadrealistycznego rozprawę teoretyczną pt. Položaj nadrealizma u društvenom procesu. W 1938 r. w czasopiśmie Naša stvarnost opublikował cykl poetycki Tri zida, Detinjstvo i Srbija. Tomik poezji pt. Pesme, wydany tego samego roku, został zakazany z powodu gorszących treści. Mimo neutralnego tytułu dzieło to charakteryzuje się dużą rozpiętością tematyczną i wyrafinowanymi aczkolwiek mocnymi środkami wyrazu od humoru słownego począwszy przez gry słowne idąc na erotyzmie skończywszy. Tomik ten stanowi swoistą duchową autobiografię poety odkrywającego przed odbiorcą najistotniejsze dla niego wartości jakimi są miłość i rewolucja. Także w liryce miłosnej Davičo próżno szukać śladów sentymentalizmu czy metafizycznych implikacji. Poeta w swojej fascynacji kobietą kieruje się przede wszystkim zmysłowością i erotyzmem.

Działalność polityczna i lata wojny
Davičo jako członek Komunistycznej Partii Jugosławii (KPJ) aktywnie włączał się do krajowej i międzynarodowej polityki. W 1932 r. został sekretarzem KPJ w Bihaciu, gdzie za komunistyczne poglądy został aresztowany i przez Sąd ochrony państwa, skazany na pięć lat więzienia. Od 1938 do 1941 mieszkał kolejno w Belgradzie i Zagrzebiu. W 1940 r. został wykluczony z szeregów KPJ. II wojna światowa zastała Davičo w Splicie, gdzie założył nielegalną rozgłośnię radiową, po czym został złapany i internowany do Włoch, Borgo Val di Taro w Lombardii. Davičo zbiegł stamtąd już po trzech miesiącach i ukrył się w Dalmacji. Wstąpił do Pierwszej dywizji proletariackiej z którą przeszedł Bośnię, Czarnogórę, Sandżak, Tarę i Durmitor. Następnie przez Valjevo i Aranđelovac w paź. 1944 trafił do Belgradu gdzie ze swoją jednostką brał udział w obronie miasta. Po wyzwoleniu stolicy znajdował się w grupie osób, które założyły TANJUG, następnie przeszedł do czasopisma Borba i Galas. Udał się do Bułgarii z delegacją pisarzy, udział w niej brali m.in. Ivo Andrić oraz Anica Savić Rebac. W 1944 został wybrany na pierwszego sekretarza Związku literatów Serbii. Po wojnie był korespondentem procesu norymberskiego, relacjonował także poczynania partyzantów gen. Markosa Wafiadisa podczas greckiej wojny domowej. Po tych wydarzeniach porzucił dziennikarstwo i skoncentrował się wyłącznie na literaturze. Swoje przeżycia z konfliktu w Grecji opisał w 1947 książce Među Markosovim partizanima. Na podstawie książki powstał także film do którego scenariusz napisał sam Davičo, jednak chłodna polityka Jugosławii wobec Grecji stała się powodem blokowania przez partię zarówno książki, jak i filmu.

Twórczość powojenna
W 1951 r. Davičo opublikował książkę Poezija i otpori, która była głosem w debacie o nowym pojmowaniu literatury i jej miejscu oraz roli w socjalistycznym społeczeństwie. Następnego roku wydał powieść pt. Pesma, która opisywała życie w okupowanym Belgradzie. Główny bohater, impulsywny i energiczny, oddany socjalizmowi "nowy człowiek", służy autorowi do rozważań nad moralnymi dylematami rewolucji oraz problemami partyjnej dyscypliny. Dzieło to było nagradzane i zostało przetłumaczone na kilkanaście języków, w tym polski. W latach 1953–1954 był jednym z edytorów czasopisma Nova misao. W 1953 r. wydał tomik poezji Čovekov čovek. W 1955 r. został jednym z założycieli i długoletnich współpracowników czasopisma Delo. W 1956 r. za powieść Beton i svici otrzymał prestiżową nagrodę przyznawaną przez czasopismo Nin. W 1959 r. za swój poetycki dorobek otrzymał nagrodę im. Jovana Jovanovicia Zmaja. W czasach dekolonizacji podróżuje po Afryce, na bazie swoich spostrzeżeń publikuje dziennik z podróży o tytule Crno na belo (1962). W tym samym roku ukazuje się powieść Generalbas oraz zbiór esejów pt. Notes. W latach 1962–1972 Davičo wydał cykl pięciu powieści noszących ten sam tytuł: Robije. Za powieść Gladi po raz drugi otrzymał nagrodę Ninu, sytuacja powtórzyła się także w roku następnym kiedy to za powieść Tajne trzeci raz zdobył tę pożądana w świecie literatów nagrodę. Pozostaje jak dotąd jej jedynym trzykrotnym laureatem. W 1969 r. wydano dwudziestotomowe Dzieła zebrane Oskara Davičo. W roku 1980 przeniósł się do Sarajewa, gdzie założył i prowadził czasopismo Dalje. W 1983 r. wrócił do Belgradu. Sarajewskiej gazecie "Oslobođenje" sprzedał rękopis pierwszej części autobiografii Po zanimanju samoubica. Rękopis drugiej części pt. Po zanimanju izdajnik przepadł podczas ostatniej wojny.

Poezja
Poezja Davičo należy do najciekawszych zjawisk artystycznych XX wieku w literaturze serbskiej. Pisarz pozostawił ogromny dorobek literacki, poczynając od tekstów nadrealistycznych, m.in. (Anatomija 1930); we wczesnych wierszach (np. z tomów Pesme 1938, Hana, wydanie książkowe 1951, Zrenjanin 1949, Višnja za zidom 1950) opiewał miłość do kobiety i ojczyzny, bunt i pasję towarzyszące walce o wolność. Od poematu Čovekov čovek (1953) i zbiorów Flora (1955), Tropi (1959), Kairos (1959), Snimci (1963) w twórczości Davičo przeważa neoawangardowy sposób patrzenia na poezję jako na zaangażowany poznawczo akt twórczy. W późniejszych utworach, np. z tomów Pročitani jezik (1972), Telo telu (1975), Misterije dana (1979), Trema smrti (1982), zanika wiara w kreowane wcześniej utopijno-rewolucyjne projekcje przyszłości. W dorobku prozatorskim na uwagę zasługują powieści: Pieśń jego życia (1952, wyd. pol. 1958), pentalogia o losach komunistów jugosłowiańskich: Ćutnje (1963), Gladi (1963), Tajne (1964), Bekstva (1966), Zavičaji (1971), oraz powieści postmodernistycznych: Gospodar zaborava (1980), Po zanimanju samoubica (1987-88). Davičo był też autorem esejów, polemik, dramatu i przekładów.

Dzieła

Poezja

Powieści
 Pesma, 1952.
 Beton i svici, 1955.
 Radni naslov beskraja, 1958.
 Generalbas, 1962.
 Ćutnje, 1963.
 Gladi, 1963.
 Tajne, 1964.
 Bekstva, 1966.
 Zavičaji, 1971.
 Gospodar zaborava, 1980.
 Po zanimanju samoubica, 1988.

Eseje i teksty krytyczno-literackie
 Položaj nadrealizma u društvenom procesu, 1932.
 Poezija i otpori, 1952.
 Pre podne, 1960.
 Notes, 1969.
 Pristojnosti, 1969.
 Novine nevino, 1969.
 Poezija, otpori i neotpori, 1969.
 Rituali umiranja jezika, 1971.
 Pod-tekst, 1979.
 Pod-sećanja, 1981.

Dzienniki z podróży
 Među Markosovim partizanima, 1947.
 Crno na belo, 1962.

Dramaty
 Ljubav u četiri usne, 1956.
 Mesije Mesijah oh, 1986.

Scenariusze filmowe
 Majka Katina, 1947.
 Do pobede, 1948.
 Dečak Mita, 1950.
 Poslednji dan, 1951.

Przekłady
 Z niemieckiego na j.serbski: Tomas Man, Budenbrokovi (1939).
 Z rosyjskiego na j. serbski: Nikolaj Nikolajevič Mihajlov, Prirodna bogatstva Sovjetske unije (1940); Mihail Šolohov, Uzorana ledina (1968); Bela Ahmadulina, Groznica (1968); Jevgenij Aleksandrovič Jevtušenko, Izabrane pesme (1973).

Bibliografia
 Sabrana dela, Beograd 1969; Izabrana poezija, t. 1-8 Beograd 1979.
 B. Czapik Twórczość poetycka Oskara Daviča. Poszerzanie świadomości w awangardowej praktyce poetyckiej, Katowice 1987.
 R. Konstantinović Davičo, Beograd 1980.
 M. Nikolić Davičov Gospodar zaborava, Sarajevo 1985.
 J. Kornhauser, Strategie liryczne serbskiej awangardy, Kraków 1991.
 J. Deretić, Kratka istorija srpske književnosti, Novi Sad 2001.
 M. Nikolić, Jedinstveni Davičo, Sarajevske svezke,nr. 25-26, Sarajevo 2009.
 R. Davidović, Od Daviča do Čelebonovića: ulice beogradskih Jevreja, Beograd 2010.

Linki zewnętrzne
 http://www.rastko.rs/rastko-pl/umetnost/knjizevnost/umetnicka/srpskapoezija_pl_l.php#_Toc1144867 Przekład wybranych utworów Oskara Daviča na j. polski -Projekt Rastoko

Absolwenci Wydziału Filozofii Uniwersytetu w Belgradzie
Serbscy pisarze
Serbscy politycy
Serbscy dziennikarze
Internowani we Włoszech w czasie II wojny światowej
Ludzie urodzeni w Šabacu
Serbscy Żydzi
Urodzeni w 1909
Zmarli w 1989

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Minister of State for Home Hansraj G Ahir cited National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) data, collected for the November 9, 2016-July 14 period, while furnishing a written reply in Lok Sabha on the subject.
New Delhi: Fake Indian currency notes (FICN) of face value of over Rs 2.55 crore, the maximum being in Gujarat, have been seized along various international borders of the country post demonetisation, the government informed Parliament today.
A total of 23,429 FICN have been seized during the said period and the data also includes the fakes for the old Rs 500 notes that were demonetised, along with the Rs 1,000 currency, after a declaration by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on November 8 last year.
The maximum seizures, both in terms of number of fake notes seized of Rs 100/Rs 500 and their face value, have been made in Gujarat followed by Mizoram, West Bengal and Punjab. The face value of the seized FICN in Gujarat stood at over Rs 1.37 crore, followed by Rs 55 lakh in Mizoram, over Rs 44 lakh in West Bengal and Rs 5.60 lakh in Punjab.
The total face value of this FICN, across all border states, is more than Rs 2.55 crore, the data said.
Mr Ahir said the government has taken a number of steps to check the smuggling of FICN in the country like strengthening the security at the international borders by using new surveillance technology, deploying additional manpower for round-the-clock surveillance, establishing observation posts along the borders, erection of border fencing and intensive patrolling.


We were delighted when first knowing about Istanbul based Center for Spatial Justice's work, as we felt to be kindred spirits. Mekanda Adalet Derneği – the Center for Spatial Justice, short MAD, combines activist research, participatory practice, and critical education, to create fairer, more democratic, ecological urban and rural spaces; to combine cross-disciplinary academic with resident's and social movement's knowledge, and to gather, accumulate and share this knowledge and make it accessible to the public. MAD collaborates with communities in Istanbul and beyond, with urban social movements, environmental justice groups and local governance actors, in struggles for the rights of dispossessed / endangered urban communities and against capitalist urban transformation projects. In this way MAD acts as a watchdog over the crimes against the city and nature and as a democratic bridge between local spatial needs and cross disciplinary expertise. MAD carries out 'action research', 'planning with people' workshops and 'design and build' projects, and publishes the print and online journal beyond.istanbul.
Furthermore Beyond office offers an ideal space for architects, planners, designers, researchers, journalists, social scientists and artists interested in the issues of spatial justice and hosts the Spatial Studies Library, in which, we are happy to announce, Not-an-Atlas is accessible to the Istanbul public.
before-and-after mapping of urban megaprojects with satellite imagery – Imaginando Buenas' contribution to Not-an-Atlas, using aerial imagery as a critique tool.
We are happy to have Not-an-Atlas present in MAD's Spatial Studies Library, looking forward to stay in contact with MAD, to exchange experiences and support each others activities.


Lebanon receives six ScanEagle drones from the U.S.
The first appearance of the UAE's "Saab Global Eye"
Jordan is 21st followed by the UAE at 23rd in the world in arms exports.
Iraq receives six F-16 fighter jets from U.S.
Projects I would like to see KADDB pursue for some affiliate.
Jordanian news shows testing and production of Al-Mared 8x8.
Would an Arab defense industry group work?
Hunter gets bigger and better.


text:
#include "knock.h"
#include "debounce.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "queue.h"
#include "mic.h"
#include <Arduino.h>

// debounce button & detect button transition
// return 0 = no event
//        1 = button clicked
int detect_button_event(int32_t curr_time)
{
    static int prev_state = 1;
    int state = 1;
    int32_t event;  // return value

    event = 0;

    state = Debounce(DIGITAL_BUTTON);
    if (state != prev_state)
    {
        prev_state = state;

        //
        // transition from up to down
        if (state==0)
        {
            //utils_log("button up -> down\n");
            event = 1;
        }

        //debounce_print_button_state(state);
        /* utils_log("\n"); */
    }

    return event;
}

//
// read input queue, convert queue events to delta time
// return number of delta time periods
int input_convert_abs_to_delta(event_queue_t *pinput_queue, uint32_t *pdelta_seq_ms, int max_delta_events)
{
    int32_t event;
    int32_t event2;
    uint32_t event_arg;
    uint32_t event_arg2;
    int n;
    int has_event;

    //
    // clear sequence array
    memset(pdelta_seq_ms, 0, sizeof(uint32_t) * max_delta_events);

    // read first event
    has_event = q_dequeue(pinput_queue, &event, &event_arg);

    n=0;
    // read queue until it's empty or we've filled vector
    while(has_event && (n<max_delta_events))
    {
        has_event = q_dequeue(pinput_queue, &event2,&event_arg2);

        if (has_event)
        {
            pdelta_seq_ms[n] = (uint32_t)(event_arg2 - event_arg);
            event_arg = event_arg2;
            utils_log("delta_time[%d]=%lu\n",n,pdelta_seq_ms[n]);
            n++;
        }
    }
    return n;
}

//
// handle button press and timeout
int input_handle_events(event_queue_t *pinput_queue, uint32_t now_ms, int *ptimeout_flag)
{
    int button_event;
    int mic_event;
    int32_t delta_time;
    static int32_t time_last_event = 0;
    uint32_t energy;

    // handle inputs
    button_event = detect_button_event(now_ms);
    mic_event = mic_detect_event(&energy, now_ms);
    if (button_event)
    {
        utils_log("button down\n");
        q_write(pinput_queue, EVENT_BUTTON_DOWN, now_ms);
        time_last_event = now_ms;
        *ptimeout_flag = 0;
    }
    else if (mic_event)
    {
        utils_log("mic event | energy = %d\n",energy);
        q_write(pinput_queue, EVENT_BUTTON_DOWN, now_ms);
        time_last_event = now_ms;
        *ptimeout_flag = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        //
        // timeout occurs after TIMEOUT_THRESH_MS
        // of inactivity
        uint32_t delta_time;
        delta_time = (uint32_t)now_ms - (uint32_t)time_last_event;
        /* utils_log("delta_time=%lu |",delta_time); */
        /* utils_log("timeout_thresh = %lu\n",(uint32_t)TIMEOUT_THRESH_MS); */
        /* utils_log("delta_time > timeout_thresh = %d\n", delta_time > (uint32_t)TIMEOUT_THRESH_MS); */
        if (delta_time > (uint32_t)TIMEOUT_THRESH_MS)
        {
            utils_log("timeout | energy = %d\n",energy);
            *ptimeout_flag = 1;
            time_last_event = now_ms;
        }
    }

    return (int)(button_event+mic_event);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
using System;

namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Decorator.Structural
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainApp startup class for Structural
    /// Decorator Design Pattern.
    /// </summary>
    class MainApp
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Entry point into console application.
        /// </summary>
        static void Main()
        {
            // Create ConcreteComponent and two Decorators
            ConcreteComponent c = new ConcreteComponent();
            ConcreteDecoratorA d1 = new ConcreteDecoratorA();
            ConcreteDecoratorB d2 = new ConcreteDecoratorB();

            // Link decorators
            d1.SetComponent(c);
            d2.SetComponent(d1);

            d2.Operation();

            // Wait for user
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// The 'Component' abstract class
    /// </summary>
    abstract class Component
    {
        public abstract void Operation();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// The 'ConcreteComponent' class
    /// </summary>
    class ConcreteComponent : Component
    {
        public override void Operation()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("ConcreteComponent.Operation()");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// The 'Decorator' abstract class
    /// </summary>
    abstract class Decorator : Component
    {
        protected Component component;

        public void SetComponent(Component component)
        {
            this.component = component;
        }

        public override void Operation()
        {
            if (component != null)
            {
                component.Operation();
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// The 'ConcreteDecoratorA' class
    /// </summary>
    class ConcreteDecoratorA : Decorator
    {
        public override void Operation()
        {
            base.Operation();
            Console.WriteLine("ConcreteDecoratorA.Operation()");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// The 'ConcreteDecoratorB' class
    /// </summary>
    class ConcreteDecoratorB : Decorator
    {
        public override void Operation()
        {
            base.Operation();
            AddedBehavior();
            Console.WriteLine("ConcreteDecoratorB.Operation()");
        }

        void AddedBehavior()
        {
        }
    }
}


text:
Home News California Man Maimed By Fireworks
California Man Maimed By Fireworks
OAKLAND, Calif. – A 19-year-old man who planned to join the Marines this fall has lost a hand and a chunk of his leg after illegal fireworks exploded in his pockets.
Josh Myers was attending a bustling Fourth of July party on Sunday night when he said a floating ember ignited bottle rockets in his back pocket. The flames quickly spread to his front pocket, which held two sticks of M-1000, a powerful firecracker equivalent to about a quarter-stick of dynamite each.
Myers said he bought the firecrackers on the street for $10 each.
He said he felt heat coming from the front pocket and realized the firecrackers were about to explode. He managed to push a 2-year-old girl out of the way before the blast, put his left hand over his pocket and fall to the ground.
"At first, I didn't think I lost my hand. I thought I just took a pretty bad blow. But then I ended up looking, and I was like, yeah, I saw it. My hand was gone," Myers said.
The blast seriously injured the girl's leg. Witnesses said the damage could have been a lot worse if Myers had pulled the firecrackers out of his pocket near a crowd of people.
"The 2-year-old baby, she got a chunk blown out of her leg," said Demetrios Paxinos, who attended the east Oakland party. "She had stitches inside and outside of her leg. But it would have been a lot worse."
The teenager, who had planned to join the military in September, is recovering in an Oakland hospital.
"It took away my dream, which was to join the United States Marine Corps and defend my country, but the thought that just keeps going through my head is it's better me than that little girl," he said.
Information from: KGO-TV
Previous articlePublic to Lend a Hand to Emergency Responders
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text:
Articles about the finest guitars made in Spain.
Jose Lopez Beltran
Antonio Torres and his Disciples
Don Antonio Torres' (1817-1892) is known to have been notoriously secretive about his craft. Yet, a very good case can be made that he may have had two disciples: Joaquin Alonso and José López Beltrán.
Joaquin Alonso is known from one guitar, the label of which is shown in the book of Romanillos and Winspear (1995:31) and reads:
Frabicada / por / El Desciplo de Torres / Joaquin Alonso / Almería - Calle de la Alcazaba / Aňo 18[73 Handwritten].
Between 1870-1875, Torres "retired" from guitar making to open a china shop with his wife in Almería. Romanillos speculates that during this period he was probably doing well-enough for him not to contemplate returning to guitar making, and so was willing to train Joaquin Alonso. We must assume since the guitar was made in Almería where Torres was living that Alonso had his approval to advertise himself as being his disciple.
We know a little more about José López Beltrán. Again, the few facts we have are supplied by José L. Romanillos and Marian Harris Winspear (1995, 2002). José López Beltrán was born in 1846 in the parish of San Sebastian, Almería. He married, María López Muňoz, and had two children, José and Marría. He is also known from three surviving instruments which bear the label that reads:
José López Beltrán / unico discipulo / de / Don Antonio Torres / Teatro Apolo / Almería Año 18 [94] penned in.
The first of these instruments, now in my collection, was made two years after the death of Torres in 1894. The other two are dated 1903 and 1906 respectively.
1894 Jose Lopez Beltran
Top: German Spruce
Ribs and Back: Cypress
Neck: Mahogany
Upper bout 235 mm
Waist 194 mm
Lower bout 310 mm
Body length 450 mm
Rib depth (top) 60 mm
Rib depth (waist) 65 mm
Rib depth (bottom) 68 mm
Sound hole 80 mm
String scale 635 mm
Soundboard aggregate 1064 cm2
Text of Label
José López Beltrán / Unico Discipulo / de / Don Antonio Torres / Teatro Apolo / Almería 18[94] handwritten
The words El Tesorero appear on a piece of parchment used as lining-- but appear to be artifacts of the paper used.
The one attested connection to Antonio de Torres (1817-1892) is that he was asked in 1894 by Juan de Torres Pujazón, a first cousin of Torres to prepare a fitted case in which to ship a guitar known as "La Leona," that Torres made in 1856 and had kept, to Francisco Mingot in Argentina, who had purchased it through intermediaries from Ana Torres, the maker's unmarried daughter. Torres Pujazón writes, "I have written my relative Anita, saying that I have the money in my hands, 2,500 reales and that she must bring the guitar tomorrow without fail and I can give her the said sum. I think she will come and we will not fail. As soon as I have the instrument in my hands I will try straight away to get our good friend José López to make a fitted case" (Romanillos and Winspear 1995:218).
Circumstances would seem to indicate that José López Beltrán may have worked with Torres in the last few years of his life. We know that Torres returned to building guitars in 1875, beginning his "secunda epoca," which lasted until his death in November of 1892.
From 1875 to 1882, he built on average six guitars a year. During this period, the China shop provided part of his income and consumed some of his time. In 1883, his wife, Josefa Martín, fell ill and died of cancer, leaving the sixty-six year old Torres, a widower with two young daughters--Matilde (b. 1872-73) and Ana (b.1876)--to support. The China shop ceased to exist, and Torres turned his energies to building full time. His output from 1883 to his death in 1892 averaged 12 guitars a year. Yet, it is also recorded that by 1887, Torres' hands shook so badly that he had difficulty signing his name, and needed help to do assembly work. During this period one of the persons who helped him was Juan Martinez Sirvent, a young parish priest who became his trusted friend, helped Torres to do assembly work, "particularly with gluing the back and ribs and the soundboards of his instruments; tasks he found difficult to carry out by himself because of his shaking hands" (Romanillos and Winspear 1995:42).
Reading between the lines, here's where I suspect Jose Lopez Beltran entered the picture. I suspect that Martinez Sirvent's duties as a parish priest would have meant that he was often unable to help Torres do his work. Torres probably needed more help that this arrangement provided, and he took on José López Beltrán as an assistant. By this time, he probably was less worried about training a competitor than about having steady help. He had orders to fill. He also knew that that the great secret of his sound was not something that anyone could steal from him, as he confessed to Martinez Sirvent, "it is impossible for me to leave the secret behind for posterity; this will go to the tomb with me for it is the result of the feel of the tips of the thumb and forefinger communicating to my intellect whether the soundboard is properly worked out to correspond to with the guitar maker's concept and the sound required of the instrument" (Romanillos and Winspear 1995:17). In fact, as Romanillos documents, the methods of construction Torres employed were not only in wide use in Almería, but he shared knowledge of how to do certain operations with other makers, e.g. Torres taught Miguel Moya Rendono (1847-1915) how to calculate fret spacing using a compass and the "rule of 18" (Romanillos 1995:144). So why Torres so secretive? While he may not have wanted to train competitors, certainly by the end of his life, this was not a worry. The answer I think is that making a show of being secretive was good for business. Making a show of secrecy suggested that he had some special knowledge and techniques that other makers did not possess. If as Torres confesses that his "special knowledge" was a part of his own physiology, hence something he could not teach, and would die with him, there was nothing to be secretive about. What he could teach, and likely did teach José López Beltrán was the then common techniques of construction, techniques that could be learned from any competent maker.
Romanillos finds evidence that others were involved in the construction of several guitars built late in Torres' life (SEU 04, SEU 05, SE 139, SE 151, SE153, SE 155). Most of these date from 1890-1892. Romanillos speculates that that Miguel Moya Redondo may have been the luthier involved. The family seems to have asked Miguel Moya Redondo to finish some instruments that Torres left unfinished. Guitar SE 155 dated 1892 seems to have been one of these. I find Romanillos' argument convincing that Miguel Moya finished SE 155 because it exhibits decorative elements Moya used in his own guitars. I findRomanillos' argument much less than persuasive for guitars built during Torres life. I doubt that Miguel Moya Redondo would give up his own building and leave his shop to come and help Torres. Torres' economic situation in his last years, I believe also makes this unlikely. When his second wife died in 1883, he was left to raise to young daughters by himself. Although he went back to building full time, about half of these were humble, simple guitars that would not have put much money in his pocket. He doesn't seem to have been able to pay his bills. Torres died so deep in debt that all his property had to be sold to pay his creditors. Given these circumstances, I think that it is very unlikely Torres would been able to afford to pay Miguel Moya to come help him. I think it is much more likely that Torres took on José López Beltrán as an apprentice-- striking a bargain that he would teach him in exchange for his help. If one accepts my reasoning, then it much more likely José López Beltrán was the second hand involved in making the guitars that were finished before Torres died.
I think the evidence points to José López Beltrán having worked for Torres toward the end of his life. This interpretation finds support not just that he was asked by the family to build the fitted case to ship the Leona to Argentina. As to his claim to be Torres' only disciple, since we do not know what became of Joaquin Alonso, it could well be the case that at the time he was building this was true, and Joaquin had died. The fact that in 1894, when the family turned to José López Beltrán to build the fitted case for "La Leona," José was already making this claim, I think argues strongly that the family had no difficulty with his claim. Moreover, if there were nothing to his claim, everyone there would soon know. So, I find improbable that José would be so stupid as to advertise himself as Torres' disciple in Almería for at least the next 12 years, and run the risk of ruining his reputation.
There is one other piece of evidence that bears on José López Beltrán's success as a guitar maker. Romanillos and Winspear (2002) cite two documents from 1901 and 1903 respectively which register José López Beltrán as an jornalero (day laborer) and an obero (a worker). While I have little doubt that José López Beltrán received instruction from Torres, and was accepted as his disciple, what these documents suggest is that he struggled as a guitar maker, probably doing it part time. This I should point out was not uncommon. Guitar making was a poor man's profession. Most makers came from working class families, often working first as carpenters or cabinet makers. No matter how skilled a maker might be, unless a famous guitarist used one's guitars or a maker was particularly skilled at self-promotion, the primary market for guitars was a local one. In Almería, which had a population of 47,000 in 1900, José López Beltrán would have had to compete with at least 4 other makers: Juan Castillo and the more established Moya family (Miguel Moya Redondo, Juan Moya Castillo, Andres Moya Martinez). It is hard to imagine that the demand for guitars in Almería was that great. Even Torres struggled, and died deep in debt. So it is not surprising to find José López Beltrán working as a day laborer and part-time builder.
What can we learn by examining the 1894 José López Beltrán. The proportions of this guitar are generally consistent with the small bodied Torres guitars. It is closest to the dimensions of FEX 21 (1865), FE 27 (1867), FE 29 (1868), SE 02, (1875) listed in Romanillos and Winspear (1995). The guitar has a three piece back similar to many in Torres' obra. The top is made of two unmatched pieces of spruce, a trait common in his guitars. The spacing of kerfling for the top is wide, but consistent with Torres as well. The cross braces are high, rounded, and go straight into the kerfling, again typical of Torres. Parchment is used to reinforce the seams of the three piece back, again something Torres did occasionally. The bridge seems a bit atavistic, and harkens back to ones Torres made in his first period. The headstock is an obvious tribute to Torres. At odds with Torres is the treatment of rosette and the fan bracing. The rosette is José López Beltrán's own. Unlike anything Torres made, this guitar has three fan braces and no kite. However, this is a small guitar, and does not appear to need extra bracing. The angel of the braces does, however, focuses at the 12th fret as in Torres' guitars. Generally, the binding and lines are consist with Torres' treatment of humbler guitars. Like them, the cypress used in the back and sides has knots and other defects. While the workmanship exhibited in this instrument is not up to the level of Torres, it is what one might expect of a person learning his craft.
By far the strongest argument for José López Beltrán having received some instruction from Torres is that this guitar sounds like a Torres.
Somewhat puzzling is the word Torres written on the cross brace that supports the end of the fingerboard in a hand is not unlike that of Torres.
If this could be proved to be Torres' signature, it would suggest either that Torres had a hand in helping make this guitar, or that more likely José may have obtained wood and parts left by Torres from his family. It is easy to imagine this as most guitar makers have stocks of wood, prepared tops, necks, harmonic bars, and other parts in progress at any one time. The woods in this instrument certainly look like the sort of woods that Torres would have chosen himself for this class of instrument.
Romanillos, José L. and Marian Harris Winspear, (1995). Antonio de Torres, Guitar Maker - His Life and Work. West Port, CT: The Bold Strummer, Ltd.
Romanillos Vega, José L. and Marian Harris Winspear, (2002). (The Vihuela and the Spanish Guitar. A Dictionary of the Makers of Plucked and Bowed Musical Instruments of Spain (1200-2002). Guijosa, Spain: The Saguino Press.


64~74mm aluminum solid link rod with ball end.
This link rod is fit on build truck link to axle.
This link rod has possible adjust the length 64~74 mm.
They are use some aluminum washer 2mm/3mm/4mm/5mm to adjust the length.
1 x 32 mm aluminum solid link rod with M3 Threaded Holes.
2 x M3x15 mm grub screw.
2 x M3x20 mm grub screw.
2 x 2 mm aluminum washer.
2 x 3 mm aluminum washer.
2 x 4 mm aluminum washer.
2 x 5 mm aluminum washer.


text:
Preventing copycat suicide
Written by BENNY PRAWIRA
Category: Edition 141: Jul-Sep 2020 [English]
Versi Bh. Indonesia
Suicide prevention advocates and journalists are changing how suicide is reported in Indonesia
Benny Prawira
In 2014, an Indonesian junior high school student died by suicide. Highly sensational media coverage followed. Several online news platforms mentioned his full name and the method he had used in the title of their news items, as well as his residential address. One journalist interviewed his local neighbourhood leader (ketua RT) who stated that the boy had been 'influenced by Japanese manga'. Others pointed to the divorce of his parents as his main motivation. In addition to violating privacy and problematically simplifying the complexity of suicide, these reporting practices did not respect the grieving family. These reports did not adhere to the available guidelines from the World Health Organisation on reporting news about suicide.
In 2017, Indonesia experienced several waves of widely covered suicide deaths. It began with a suicide that was broadcast live on social media and continued with the widely watched video of two sisters attempting suicide. The suicide deaths of several local and international celebrities were covered repeatedly from the middle to the end of the year.
Even though the news coverage inspired some constructive public discussions, we also observed bullying, inappropriate jokes, and vicious judgements dominating conversations, which led many to believe that suicide is reckless, irreligious, selfish, immoral and cowardly. For survivors, comments on social media platforms were depressing, distressing, and stigmatising. The media, together with various social media platforms, is shaping attitudes towards suicide in harmful ways.
Something wrong
At this time, Into the Light Indonesia, a suicide prevention community involved in advocacy, research, and education, noticed that there was something wrong with the way suicide was covered in the Indonesian media. When we inquired how survivors of suicide attempts perceived these news items, they told us that they could relate easily to them and, worse, that their own thoughts of suicide were triggered. They also found the repetitive news coverage depressing. The explicit portrayal of suicide planted visions of the act in their minds. We concluded that these reporting practices were dangerous as they were potentially increasing the risk of copycat suicides (also known as the Werther effect).
Venny, from Into the Light Indonesia's Suicide Primary Prevention Task Force, hosted the workshop on the suicide news reporting guidelines on 23 November 2019. She has been the project leader since 2017 / Yon Beni
We at Into the Light Indonesia thought that it was urgent to educate and encourage the journalists who cover suicide to follow appropriate guidelines. We were convinced that better ways of reporting suicide would inspire hope and recovery rather than horror, dread and drama. To realise this, we worked with several stakeholders from the Indonesian media to develop national suicide reporting guidelines that are relevant to the Indonesian context. To make sure that we did not interfere with press freedom, we collaborated with LBH Pers (the Legal Aid Institute for the press). They joined us for a discussion with the Indonesian Press Council in February 2018. Fortunately, the Press Council welcomed our initiative as they shared similar concerns on suicide news reporting.
A coalition
To make our project relevant for journalists, we invited AJI Jakarta (the Alliance of Independent Journalists of Indonesia, Jakarta Chapter) to become involved in August 2018. On that day, a coalition in support of suicide news guidelines was formed. In September, we received the backing of the Indonesian Ministry of Health to conduct a seminar on the role of the media in preventing suicide. We invited the Indonesian Linkin Park fan club to share their lived experience because many of them were affected by the sensationalised reporting of Chester Bennington's suicide. We also invited Tirto.id, the online media platform which had the most sensitive coverage of suicide at that time. Yosep Adi Prasetya, at the time the director of Press Council, discussed the importance of suicide news guidelines. The seminar successfully promoted the importance of changing the way the Indonesian media cover suicide.
After the seminar, the Press Council involved the coalition every time they held discussions on the development of the suicide news guidelines. All media stakeholders, including online news portals, print newspapers, and television news programs were invited to provide feedback. The issue of privacy, for the deceased as well as their families, was raised, as were concerns about how to maintain in-depth coverage. Throughout these meetings, most media stakeholders agreed that guidelines were needed to inform journalists and prevent copycat suicides.
The first seminar on the role of the media in suicide prevention, held on 30 Oct 2018 / Into the Light Indonesia
The coalition provided its final feedback on the draft during the March 2018 meetings. At the end of the month, the Indonesian Press Council published the guidelines, which not only promoted respect for the privacy of the deceased and their families, but also explicitly discouraged discussion of the method used in a suicide. The guidelines emphasised that, in most cases, more than a single causal factor is present, and that journalists should not present overly simplistic accounts. The guidelines include issues that are culturally relevant in Indonesia: it prohibits relating suicide to supernatural and superstitious elements.
Publishing the guidelines alone, however, is not enough to change the way suicide is covered in the news. We decided to educate journalists about the guidelines.
A workshop
In November 2019, on International Survivor of Suicide Loss Day, the coalition conducted a workshop for mid-career journalists, editors, and others. Agung Dharmajaya, representative of the Press Council, gave the keynote, and called for a national meeting of editors-in-chief to be organised. During the workshop, we discussed the role of the media in propagating the Werther effect and the Papageno effect (protection against further suicides). Gading Yonggar Ditya of LBH Pers reassured participants that the guidelines were not intended to violate press freedom and endorsed the educational role of the media. Widia Primastika of AJI Jakarta and Caecilia Tiara of CNN Indonesia discussed best practice in suicide news reporting. Both media organisations have strict policies on suicide coverage, including requirement that it be treated as a mental health condition and not as a crime or immoral act. We also invited people with lived experience to talk, and the new head coordinator of Into The Light Indonesia, Alfonsus Bayu Dirgantara, shared his experience of losing a friend to suicide and how the media had influenced his friend's suicidal ideation.
In the final session, Venny, from Into the Light Indonesia, and Widia, from AJI Jakarta, facilitated a discussion on the application of the news guidelines. The participants were coached through the process of editing problematic news items into more ethical ones that adhere to the guidelines.
Widia Primastika from AJI Jakarta led the journalism workshop / Yon Beni
The workshop participants shared the challenges they faced in the field, particularly regarding the knowledge gap between journalists and their editors-in-chief, the pressure to write news items as soon as possible, the lack of knowledge of the guidelines by decision makers, and the difficulty of finding proper visual illustrations. They also presented several interesting ideas to develop procedural guidelines for suicide reporting for their own media outlets, asked the coalition to monitor the media, and encouraged more criticism of media outlets that did not adhere to the guidelines.
In addition to organising the workshop, we held a competition to encourage journalists to adhere to the guidelines. The coalition selected as many as 44 articles and videos related to suicide. The three winners came from diverse media platforms, including print, online and television. Even though the winners had not participated in the previous workshop, they successfully covered suicide in an ethical way because of information they had received from a colleague – demonstrating that organisational culture significantly shapes news reporting.
The journey of improving suicide reporting in the Indonesian media has only just started. The coalition must continue to provide insights to various media stakeholders. It also has to conduct further research and address more structural, systemic and cultural barriers that hinder journalists' and media organisations' adherence to the guidelines. Hopefully, by shifting media reporting, broader social attitudes towards suicide will change. Knowledge of the reporting guidelines alone is not enough to guarantee adherence. We also have to address the structures and policies in the media industry.
Benny Prawira (prawirabenny89@gmail.com) founded Into the Light Indonesia, a youth based group focusing on suicide and its prevention, in 2013. He is currently the advisor of the community. He obtained an MA degree in Psychology at Atma Jaya University in 2019.
Inside Indonesia 141: Jul-Sep 2020