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About Jamie Adair
Books, Resources
Books on Wars of the Roses
House Baratheon – Robert's Line
Targaryen Family Tree
House of York
Edward IV & Elizabeth Woodville
Extended York Family Tree
Edward IV's World (Simplified)
Woodvilles
The Real Events That Inspired the Greatest Show on Earth
Ghost and Other Dogs of War
The Romans, the Walls and the Wildlings
Khal Moro: Eat Your Heart Out — Part 1
Brunhild: The Original Queen Cersei
Dark Wings, Dark Words: A Feast for Crows
More on Aerys and the Mad Kings
Black Princes, Lost Kings and Chivalric Savages? The Historical Inspirations for Rhaegar Targaryen
The Hunger Games and Joan of Arc
Medieval Scotland
Longshanks and the Lion: Edward I of England and Tywin Lannister
Hey Good Looking, What's Cooking? Cannibalism in the Middle Ages
Red Weddings and Black Dinners
Harald Bluetooth & Black Friday's Bastard
The Ironborn and the Viking Warrior: An Interview with Ian Stephenson
Theon, the Castrated Viking
Tyrion Pushes Dany to Name a Successor & Elizabeth I's Succession Troubles
Was Being a Medieval Queen Hazardous to Your Health?
Daenerys and Elizabeth I: Iconic Queens
King Jon? Who Will Win the Game of Thrones
The Winds of Winter: Historic Recap (Season 6, Episode 10)
A Greensighting of Mad King Aerys
Learn More Than Jon Snow: "It's Okay To Be Smart" Joe Hanson on the Science of Game of Thrones
The 1500 Year Old Murder Mystery: An Interview with Historian Michael Babcock
The Secret Love of Henry Percy and Anne Boleyn: An Interview with Elizabeth Norton
By Jamie Adair Characters, Vikings October 12, 2013
Vikings: Could a Real-Life Yara Ever Exist?
Yara Greyjoy as portrayed by Gemma Whelan. Image: ©HBO Promotional Images.
Yara (Asha in the books) is an amazing symbol of female power, but was she based on real life? Would a Viking-esque culture ever have a woman commanding a fleet of ships?
At first glance, Yara seems like she might be a sophisticated version of the female super hero/warrior trope – a female powerhouse created to please a modern audience with no historical basis. If that is what George RR Martin had done, that would have been fine. After all, Game of Thrones is fiction and it should be entertaining. Yet, despite what one would assume, Yara has a strong historical basis in Norse legend.
Balon Greyjoy, the uncompromising battle-hardened raider, trusts Yara's military leadership over that of his unfamiliar heir, Theon. In late medieval England, such a scenario would have been unheard of. Theon's reaction exemplifies the late medieval mentality:
When Balon Greyjoy informs Theon that Yara will lead what is presumably the proposed attack on Robb Stark's enemies, Theon protests, "She can't lead an attack!"
"And why not?" Balon asks.
Theon turns to Yara and exclaims, "You're a woman!"
Balon points out that Yara took over his eldest son's ship after Ned Stark killed him: "She's commanded men. She's killed men. She knows who she is."
Yara is collected, clever, and supremely competent. She tested Theon when he arrived in the Iron Islands, at Lordsport, by not revealing her identity – and she knows how to make an entrance. Yara may be a princess, but she is not the passive creature in the Disney-pink henin.
Yara and Real Life Female Viking Warriors
Surprisingly, Yara's role as a warrior isn't completely inconceivable. Viking folklore and mythology speak of shieldmaidens – women who chose to become warriors and fought alongside men. While these are just myths, chronicles mention women fighting in some Viking battles and some historic women are recorded as being shieldmaidens.
Lagertha, first wife of the famed Viking Ragnar Lodbrok (d. c. 840-65), was reputedly a shieldmaiden. (Lagertha is depicted in Michael Hirst's The Vikings.) Historians note, however, that Saxo's chronicles of Lagertha may be blended with tales of Norse deities1 .
Lagertha in The Vikings, as portrayed by Katheryn Winnick © History Channel, linked via Wikia.
Having a shieldmaiden character like Yara is in keeping with the larger epic fantasy tradition – notably The Lord of the Rings – which George RR Martin has frequently stated he admires.
Did Women Ever Lead Raids or Command Ships?
Yara commanding a longship. She told her father: "I'm going to pick the fastest ship in our fleet. I'm going to choose the fifty best killers on the Iron Islands. I'm going to sail up the narrow Sea all the way to the Weeping Water. I'm going to march on the Dreadfort. I'm going to find my little brother and I'm going to bring him home." ©HBO linked via Wikia.
While it seems far-fetched that a woman in the male-dominated Viking culture may have led raids like Yara does, there are historical records that they did.
Norse women may have led real pirate-style Viking raids, such as the ones on England and Ireland. For example:
According to the medieval Irish text, The War of the Irish with the Foreigners , a "red girl" commanded a Viking band in Ireland and invaded Munster in the tenth century.
Two high-status women wearing luxury clothing and aged approximately 55 and 70 were found in the Oseberg longship (housed at the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo, Norway). Image: Arnejohs on Wikipedia. Licensed via Creative Commons.
At the Oseberg burial site, archeologists uncovered a longboat with two women buried in it – the traditional burial style for powerful warrior king or chieftain. Archeologists like Marianne Moen believe this boat likely contained a powerful woman ruler and her servant2 .
Historians note that "fierce and imperious" women appear in Norse literature so often and with such consistency that they must have some real-world basis.
Archaeologists like Marianne Moen note that Viking gender roles may be a good deal more nuanced and complex that we might think. "To assume that Viking men were ranked above women is to impose modern values on the past, which would be misleading," warns Moen.
Women Who Became Powerful
A Viking spearhead would have been a "masculine" grave object. ©The British Museum.
It seems that in Viking culture women became powerful when they were "exceptional" – when they could transcend the loathed state of powerlessness and, specifically, lack or loss of volition3 . Women with the will and the means to assume agency in their own lives may have become powerful. Such women had to possess the right combination of wealth, status, physical capabilities, and force of personality for, in all likelihood, the time, place, and probably her goals. Like many medieval cultures, women were more likely to be powerful – both legally and socially – when they were widows. But, widowhood was not a prerequisite to power. Women could inherit land and some came to hold sizable tracts.
A female Viking grave object: According to the British Museum, "This [silver] bracelet… would have been worn on the wrist by a woman, as a sign of high social status and wealth." ©The British Museum
The Norse legends tell tales of women in assertive roles – funding voyages and imparting violence. A woman was the primary backer to one of the major Scandinavian expeditions to North America. Not only did this woman travel to North America, that winter, she pushed her husband to slay some of the men in the party and she axed their wives to death.
Even beyond death, graves attest to the capabilities of exceptional women. While the Norse usually buried women with "female" objects like spinning tools, archaeologists have found significant numbers of women buried with "male" grave goods, such as weapons, carpentry tools, and hunting equipment4 .
Some grave objects reveal more nuanced gender roles. According to Moen, "There have also been cases of male graves with beads and woven cloths, and women were sometimes buried with smaller weapons, for instance arrowheads. Generally it is fairly obvious what constitutes male or female objects, but the lines were sometimes blurred"5 .
Yara: Balon's Surrogate Son
After Balon's sons, Rodrik and Maron, die fighting in the Greyjoy Rebellion (against Robert Baratheon) and Theon becomes the Stark's hostage, Balon makes Yara into his surrogate son. He gives her own longship and encourages her to raid. To give Balon his due, in spite of his numerous faults, he's quite egalitarian.
Balon Greyjoy makes his choices. ©HBO Promotional Images
When Balon decides to invade the North, he gives Yara a fleet of thirty ships to raid the Deepwood Motte but gives only one ship to Theon for the inglorious training task of raiding fishing villages. The message is clear. Gender aside, Yara has replaced Theon as Balon's heir – if not legally, at least functionally. Competence, not title or gender, is the decision point.
High-status Vikings wore arm-rings like this gold one. For details, see here. (c) British Museum.
Recorded Norse laws about blood feuds6 imply and document that people saw sole-surviving daughters, like Yara, as surrogate sons.
In medieval Scandinavia, if somebody killed a family member, the family had the right and duty to avenge the murder. Families could avoid blood feuds if the murdering family paid financial compensation to the bereaved in the form of silver rings7 .
Normally men wreaked the vengeance (or extracted the ring payment) – they were higher in the order of precedence. For families with only daughters and no sons, however, the law required the (presumably eldest) daughter to exact vengeance or receive payment. The Icelandic people called such daughters the "ring lady." By law, this daughter functioned as a surrogate son until she wed. As historian Carol Clover comments about the Norse perspective: "Better a son who is your daughter than no son at all."
Norse legends are stuffed full of tales of "maiden warriors" – unwed brotherless daughters who, after their fathers died, behaved, functioned, and even dressed like men. Given the relatively scant records of Norse peoples, it is hard to say how often such maiden warriors actually existed. If there is any truth in these legends, and it certainly seems possible there was, Yara's masculine warrior uniform is very realistic.
This nineteenth-century painting reimagines the death of the shieldmaiden Hervor. In the Norse sagas, Hervor became a shieldmaiden after her father died. Raised as a slave, she dressed, fought, and pillaged like a man. She even went by the male version of her last name. Painting by Peter Nicolai Arbo, licensed through Creative Commons.
Once Theon returns, Balon has the choice of a male heir or his "surrogate son" Yara. When he selects Yara to lead 30 ships, it is a testament to what matters to him: values over gender.
Above all, Balon wants to return to the Old Way – the old world, traditional Ironborn ways in which he was the king of an independent Iron Islands. Balon cares more for culture and adherence to his values (the "iron price" not gold or diplomacy) than gender-based expectations. Although it feels unfair to Theon, Balon chooses the child who embodies these values, Yara, over Theon — his male, but now foreign, heir.
By Jamie Adair
See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagertha [↩]
"Don't underestimate Viking women" by Arild S. Foss in ScienceNordic on January 2, 2013 http://sciencenordic.com/don%E2%80%99t-underestimate-viking-women [↩]
Clover p. 15 [↩]
"Regardless of Sex: Men, Women, and Power in Early Northern Europe" by Carol J. Clover in Representations p.4 [↩]
"Don't underestimate Viking women" by Arild S. Foss in ScienceNordic on January 2, 2013 [↩]
As described in the "Baugatal" (List of Rings) section of the Grágás – see Kings and Vikings and C. Clover. [↩]
Kings and Vikings: Scandinavia and Europe AD 700 1100 by P.H. Sawyer [↩]
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Jamie Adair
Jamie Adair is the editor of History Behind Game of Thrones, a website about the history behind George RR Martin's "A Song of Ice and Fire" novels and the hit TV show, "Game of Thrones."
Reply October 14, 2013
KWolf
Wasn't there a Chinese female pirate that became so wildly sucessful the chinese government offered her a full pardon if she stopped pirating?
Jaime Adair
I had never heard that before. That is really neat! I think this might be her: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ching_Shih Thanks for this great comment!
Reply January 4, 2014
Watcher on the Couch
Yara made me think of the Grainne Ni Mhaille (who was Irish) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_O'Malley
Reply January 27, 2014
Ray Feighery
Somehow missed your comment before I posted mine. I asked GRRM that very question during Comic-Con as I indicated. A lot of the Ironborn politics are very Gaelic.
Reply February 2, 2014
That's okay Ray F, – your posts are more in depth than my little link anyway. I don't know if you are aware of the British documentary programme "Coast" from a few years ago. I know "Downton Abbey" [which I've never watched] and "Doctor Who" have crossed the Atlantic but I'm not sure which other shows have done so. I was watching a re-run of an edition of "Coast" on one of the "Yesterday" type channels recently and Neil Oliver, a presenter who has locks to rival Jon Snow, mentioned Grainne Ni Mhaille. I'm a bit of a historic whodunnit nerd so I love the "Sister Fidelma" by Peter Tremayne and "Mara of the Brehon" [sp?????] books by Cora Harrison. The Mara books have never to date mentioned Grainne but they deal with the west of Eire a littlebefore the British "takeover".
I think he's just trying to avoid direct 1 to 1 comparisons out of concern that it will skew people's perception of the story. Watcher on the Couch, I'm not familiar with those but definitely want to check them out!
I completely understand that. GRRM's characters definitely aren't based on any one character (nor are his plots based on one event). GRRM said once that he likes people to be holding their breath, fearing their favorite character truly is in jeopardy (nobody is safe). You can't do that in historical fiction – that is, if everyone can find out what happens on Wikipedia, there's no suspense.
The other thing is that the way GRRM uses history is quite complex, and I think it would be tough to explain it in a sound bite in an interview. I have so much respect for his erudition and knowledge of history. Trying to analyze his work drives me to explore new areas of history. The depth of GRRM's knowledge about the Fifteenth century amazes me. But, he knows quite a lot about other areas too.
As far as I know, "Coast" isn't in the US. I'd definitely remember a presenter with hair like Jon Snow. lol. I just picked up a copy of "Pirate Queen" by Judith Cook. I'll have to check out the books you mentioned. They sound very interesting… Thanks for the tips!
Also, Watcher on the Couch – thanks for this comment!
As the Ironborn are not strictly Norse but Gaelic-Norse (Kingdom of the Isles) with some additional Celtic Irish political influences(9 Years War…) added a better comparison would be Grace "Graine" O'Malley who was a famous 13th Century Pirate and Queen of the Connaught from Ireland who commanded 100 ships. I got the chance to ask GRRM if she was an inspiration and he confirmed it.
Ray, thank you, thank you, thank you – for sharing this comment. How exciting and cool! Did you ask him about any other historical figures or events?? Now that two people have noted the Grace O'Malley connection and GRRM has confirmed it, I'm definitely going to try to write an article about her. Frankly, I find Grace O'Malley absolutely fascinating.
Please let me know if GRRM said anything else – that's great information. Feel free to comment up here or email me. After spending hours doing the research for this blog, which I love doing, I have so much respect for GRRM and his truly vast knowledge of history. GRRM draws from so many areas it really pushes me to learn more and dig deeper.
(BTW, I often try to search the web, Westeros.org, and other places to see if he has commented on any of his historical inspirations, but it is hard to track down everything he has said on the subject. So please let me know if you know of anything he's said.)
I've noticed he's less likely to make direct comparisons in print but was fairly candid when I chatted with him briefly.
I had already suspected the O'Malley connection as well as Celtic/Gaelic influences in the Ironborn ( I am of Gaelic Irish Ancestry)so I've gravitated toward them
I said that I saw a lot of Celtic in the a ironborn and he nodded saying "Some Celtic and a lot of Viking" When I asked if Asha was influenced by Grace O'Malley? He said "Grainne? Oh Yes. We've had both a cat and a dog named after her!" So he's clearly a fan!
Historically the Isle of Man and Kingdom of the iles( sound familiar?) were populated by Norse-Gaels (or Hiberno-Norse) which were Vikings and Gaelic Irish who had intermarried. One of their Kings was "Harold the Black".
Ballon's rebellion seems very reminiscent of the 9 years war where the Lords of zoster rebelled against England (and lost)
Ray, thanks so much for sharing this. Seriously – I appreciate it.I definitely think I'm going to write an article about Grace O'Malley, (I started drafting it tonight, but it may take a while because I'd like to say something a bit more interesting than the standard stuff I could find on the web.) Grace and that whole period in Irish history with the Tudors are both so fascinating.
I wonder why GRRM is reluctant to comment on the history in print. I could certainly see that he would be reluctant to try to explain the historical basis to people who don't know about medieval history (because it is so complicated). In either case, very cool story about GRRM's pets, your chat, etc.!!
I guess the blog is on "vacation" now till Season 7 of GoT airs. On "Res Historica" a history website I sometimes visit there is a thread about "Isabel Barreto first woman admiral in history". Of course she wasn't (I think) a pirate – the thread goes on to mention Artemisia and Grace O'Malley http://reshistorica.historyboard.net/t1008-isabel-barreto-first-woman-admiral-in-history#38309
You have to scroll down a bit – to 08 July 2016 but there are a couple of depictions of Grace O'Malley – one very 21st century where she's very glamorous and one closer to her own time. Now although I think some GoT art is of a very high standard I've never been a fan of the Asha in a ringmail bikini type of thing, Grainne is shown as revealing quite a bit of "boobage" in the picture dating from her time although not as so pretty in the face (though I suppose that could be somebody who was opposed to her wanting to convey an idea of her being primitive or savage; I'm not sure of the provenance of the picture so can't attest to its veracity). It does seem there were women who went to sea in the past – and some who achieved high positions.
Reply May 10, 2019
craig wallander
Hadn't read your comment before I wrote mine. I agree that I think Grania was person she is based on. As far as her looks Grania was said to be redheaded, beyond that, not much is known, except we can assume she well fit, and probably looked tough, from years at sea. In regards to dress, on land, she was said to dress in fashion(low cut dresses, etc…). At sea, more practical pants and blouse(can't climb rigging in a dress)
WATCHER ON THE WALLS
Don't worry – I'm sure I've said something other people have said on other threads. The Viking woman warrior you mention could have been a partial inspiration also.
The Norse woman who most closely resembles Yara is FREYDIS ERIKDOTER(The daughter of ERIK THE RED)
HOWEVER, there is another historical woman, in another culture who even more looks to me like the inspiration for Yara. That woman is The IRISH PIRATE QUEEN, GRANIA NI MAILLE(In English, Grace O'Malley). She was the daughter of a powerful clan chief, who went to sea with him at an early age. He taught her everything about trading and piracy. Her brother became chief after their father's death, but it was her who lead the clan. She was a life long pirate, and she fought for decades to protect her people from English rule.But, in the end, she finally made peace with Elizabeth, herself and"bent the knee" so to speak
Video Interview with Vulture/New York Magazine
A very hot and nervous Jamie Adair discusses History & GoT.
Aug 24, 2017: Interview on Game of Thrones and History
Aug 24, 2017: Interview about Game of Thrones and History with Dr. Kelly DeVries and Jamie Adair: click here
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George RR Martin: In His Own Words About History, War, and Mortality
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Your resume is not about you. Sure, it has your name at the top and it traces your career progression. But to serve its true purpose – securing you a great job – it can't be a mere autobiography.
Instead, experts say, your resume should be a mirror, one designed to reflect the ideal candidate for the open position you seek.
What hiring managers are looking for is evidence that applicants' skills will help meet the company's goals. So when considering what to include on a resume, don't just list a summary of qualifications like job titles, dates and duties.
"A resume needs to clearly convey what you can do for employers," says Katherine Akbar, president of Your Edge for Success, a writing and career services company based in the District of Columbia. "The biggest mistake that people make is only talking about what they have done and failing to show the benefit they have provided."
Here's how to turn your resume into an irresistible reflection by packing it with direct explanations and subtle clues about your career skills.
It's fussy and time-consuming, but the secret to job-hunting success is tailoring your resume to every single position you apply for, says Heather Barker, director of human resources for oil and gas company TGS.
Each employer looks for a unique combination of skills and experience, and you should do your best to align your resume with the profile of each company's ideal candidate (while remaining honest, of course). To figure out this profile, read the job advertisement thoroughly.
Additionally, employers want to hire people who understand the company culture and share its values. To discern these details, check out the company's website and social media accounts and talk to current or former employees.
Many companies run job seekers' resumes through applicant tracking systems designed to search for specific keywords. Resumes that don't contain these magic words are automatically discarded.
Keywords often are present in job advertisements, so be sure to read each one carefully to identify phrases that will ensure your resume makes the cut. After you've picked the keywords out, "make sure those appear at least once and preferably more than once in a resume and cover letter," Akbar says.
Additionally, she recommends saving space on your resume for a "separate section of core competencies," or a list of skills. These should contain probable keywords and mirror the requirements of the job you're seeking, plus include anything else relevant to the industry in general. On a resume for a position in computer science, for example, list the coding languages and software you know how to use that the job will require.
Employers look for people whose career experience closely matches the responsibilities of the job for which they're hiring, which means that a specific job title might be a keyword. If you've never held a position with the exact title of the one for which you're applying, but your responsibilities were a match, explain that with a brief phrase in parentheses, Akbar says: Associate People Coordinator (human resources associate).
If you have job skills that can help meet these needs, include them on your resume. Explain how you've used them in previous jobs in a way that makes it immediately clear to a hiring manager how you will use them at his or her company.
Other skills for resumes include proficiency or fluency in languages other than English, which are assets in the increasingly global economy. Make sure to include those, too.
Writing teachers implore students to not only state their point, but also convey it indirectly through their choice of words, sentence structure and telling details. The same philosophy – show, don't tell – applies to communication on resumes. Rather than write "excellent communication skills" on your resume, demonstrate your talent by submitting polished application materials.
"Don't tell people you're detail-oriented; show you are detail-oriented with the care with which you prepare your resume," Akbar says.
That means the punctuation and formatting should be consistent, she explains, and the document should be edited and proofed repeatedly until it is error-free.
All companies in all industries, even technical fields like the one for which Barker hires, want employees who are effective communicators, she says. "We want to make sure their writing skills are effective, and they pay attention to detail," she explains. "If you're not going to spend the time to triple check for errors, you're not a good fit for us."
Another skill essential to demonstrate is the ability to understand and follow directions. If a job advertisement asks for specific information on your resume, provide it. And if the ad instructs applicants to submit their materials a certain way, either via email, through the company website or via the mail, follow those instructions.
"The way people send in their resume matters," Barker says.
When it comes to describing your accomplishments, numbers are more compelling than assertions, Akbar says, and she recommends quantifying your skills whenever possible.
She provides an example: "If you were to say, 'I created a new process that saved my previous employer time,' people might believe you. If you say, 'I created a new process [that] saved 10 hours of employee time per week,' that's concrete and it's much more persuasive."
So if you increased productivity or raised revenue, by how much? If you attracted new customers or social media followers, how many? These are the kinds of questions your resume should answer.
The language job seekers use to describe their skills often reveals how much experience they have, Barker says.
For example, a hiring manager might assume that someone whose resume says "I created policies and hired 12 people" is less tenured than another applicant whose resumes says "I collaborated with the chief executive to create a new strategic plan and executed a 10 percent staff reduction."
Improve your resume by upgrading your vocabulary. Use descriptive verbs like "collaborated," "persuaded," "pioneered," "revamped," "exceeded" and "acquired" to vividly explain your accomplishments and skills at the same time as you convey expertise.
Emotional intelligence, people skills, soft skills … there are many terms for the ability to, in the wise words of our kindergarten report cards, "play well with others." Many employers look for candidates who have strong social skills, especially for leadership roles, Barker says.
Interviews and cover letters tend to reveal emotional intelligence, which is not always easy to demonstrate in a resume. But there are ways to inflect your resume with hints of humanity that imply you're a pleasant co-worker or caring manager.
As mentioned above, word choice can be revealing. A supervisor who "oversaw 10 direct reports" comes across quite differently from a supervisor who "mentored my team to help us succeed at our shared goals." The former sounds like a mere boss, while the latter seems like a true leader who motivates other people.
"Verbs really depict your philosophy on management," Barker says. "If you look at the resume in its entirety, you'll be able to see those threads woven in and out of each of their roles."
Some job seekers succumb to the temptation to use their resumes to boast about their skills. Be wary of coming on too strong, says Lauren Salomon, principle consultant with People Advantage and industrial-organizational psychologist: "You should be careful about over-exaggerating. Maybe they'll never check to see that you made $40 million for the company, but you never know. They can verify things."
Instead, be strategic about the ways you try to manage the impression you give to employers. Research published recently in the Journal of Business and Psychology found that job seekers who engage in too much self-promotion in their cover letters and resumes come across as unlikable, which hurts their prospects. Meanwhile, job seekers who promote themselves but also use "ingratiation tactics," like giving compliments, expressing gratitude and echoing opinions, do better. These balancers seem confident without being arrogant, according to the study, "Impression Management Use in Resumes and Cover Letters."
The takeaway for job seekers is, "if you are going to brag, do so in a way that people will still think that you are nice," study co-author Marie Waung, professor of industrial and organizational psychology at the University of Michigan at Dearborn, said in an email.
This advice is especially relevant for women, for whose self-promotion hiring managers typically display a lower tolerance, Waung says.
Hiring managers receive dozens or hundreds of applications for each open position. To stand out from the pack, avoid using cliched terms to describe your skills, recommends Salomon.
"Things like 'team player' and 'people person,' people are tired of hearing that," she says. "It gets their attention more where you can demonstrate that you've shown these skills."
Hiring managers are generally not interested in skills you've honed in your free time related to hobbies, Barker says. When editing your resume, personal skills should go.
"I don't really want to know what they do outside of work time on a resume," she explains. "You have limited space. If you're putting that information in where you could have been putting more skills, it could detract."
And don't include skills that are too basic or are only relevant to jobs more entry-level than the one you're applying for. For example, unless the job advertisement specifically mentions it, there's no need to indicate that you can type.
"You might be strong at file management, but if you've progressed past doing clerical work, you're not going to list that," Akbar says.
Cliched soft-skill terms, like "people person" and "team player"


ScheduleOnce is well known for its robust time zone support. Release 4.3 takes this a step further by allowing you to set the time zone on the MeetMe page level. This means that you can have different time zones for the different MeetMe pages in your account.
Scheduling for frequent travelers: If you travel often, one of the biggest challenges in scheduling your appointments is the need to manage scheduling for at least two locations and time zones – Your home location and the destination location. With release 4.3 you can create a MeetMe page for each travel destination, set its time zone to the destination time zone and use date-specific availability to specify the days and times of your stay in the local time zone. On the Google Calendar side you create a new Google Calendar and set it's time zone to the destination time zone. In your MeetMe page you select this calendar as the calendar in which bookings will be created and you are all set. You can now send the MeetMe page link to people that will be meeting with you in the destination, and the bookings will be created in the destination time zone.
Accepting appointments for team members in different time zones: You can now create multiple MeetMe pages for multiple team members where each member is in a different time zone. The MeetMe page for each member will be set to their local time zone and the bookings will be created directly in their calendar according to their local time zone. This setup is very useful for virtual teams such as sales teams, online tutors, consultants and more.
Please note that as a result of this change the time zone setting has moved from the Booking section to the Availability section.
If you have any questions about this release or if you would like to discuss your time zone scenario please use booknow.so/so to schedule a free consultation.
Of course it's option A. We detect the time zone automatically according to the customer's IP address and present it to them for confirmation. The need for multiple MeetMe pages with multiple time zones is only when you travel. Lets say that in two weeks you are travelling to Australia – You can create a second MeetMe page with Australia as the MeetMe page time zone and point it's booking to a Google Calendar that is also set to the same time zone and you will be able to accept bookings in Australia local time.


text:
const fs = require('fs-extra')
const path = require('path')

function processPath (filePath, match, transform) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    fs.stat(filePath, (err, stats) => {
      if (err) {
        return reject(err)
      } else if (stats.isDirectory()) {
        return processFiles(filePath, match, transform).then(resolve).catch(reject)
      } else if (stats.isFile() && match(filePath, stats)) {
        return transform(filePath, stats).then(resolve).catch(reject)
      } else {
        return resolve()
      }
    })
  })
}

function processFiles (entryPath, match = true, transform = Promise.resolve) {
  let p = []
  let selectedFiles = []
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    fs.readdir(entryPath, (err, files) => {
      if (err) return reject(err)
      files.forEach((file) => {
        const filePath = path.join(entryPath, file)
        p.push(new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
          processPath(filePath, match, transform)
            .then((res) => {
              if (res) selectedFiles = selectedFiles.concat(res)
              resolve(res)
            }).catch(reject)
        }))
      })
      Promise.all(p)
        .then(() => resolve(selectedFiles))
        .catch(reject)
    })
  })
}

module.exports = processFiles

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Many consumer finance agreements contain binding arbitration clauses, if not most. At least some of these agreements grant consumers the ability to opt out of the clause within a certain period of time, typically 60 days. And as TCPA defense attorneys are all-too-familiar, many plaintiffs simply ignore the binding agreements and file suit in court anyway.
Which begs the question: what happens if a plaintiff files suit within the opt-out period? A complaint is a written document; does it satisfy an in-writing opt-out provision? The District of Nevada answered that question in the negative – filing suit in court is not an effective opt out of an arbitration provision. See Hanson v. Tmx Fin., 2:18-cv-00616, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 44476 (D. Nev. March 19, 2019).
The plaintiff in Hanson entered into a loan agreement with the defendant that contained an arbitration clause. The clause provided that the plaintiff may opt out within 60 days of entering into the agreement by sending written notification to a specific mailing address. The plaintiff didn't opt out within 60 days, but did file a TCPA lawsuit. That didn't take long! The defendant removed the case to federal court, then moved to compel arbitration. The plaintiff responded that his rapid-fire lawsuit constituted an effective opt out.
The court rejected the plaintiff's rapid-filed-lawsuit argument and compelled arbitration. It held that the arbitration clause contained a very specific mechanism to opt out, including sending a written notice containing specific information to a specific address. The court enforced the clause as written and rejected the plaintiff's "substantial compliance" argument.
The case serves as an important lesson in drafting arbitration clauses. If you are going to include an opt-out provision, make sure that it is very clearly drafted and contains specific details on what a consumer must do to opt out. The defendant in Hanson had such a provision. But with a hastily crafted or poorly worded opt-out clause, the result might very well have been different.


Mac Pages Background Color Coloring Book | Mt-talks.com Mac Pages Background Color.
Mac Pages Background Color 81 With Mac Pages Background Color. Mac Pages Background Color 37 With Mac Pages Background Color. Mac Pages Background Color 87 With Mac Pages Background Color.


text:
TVA is releasing millions of gallons of water a second through its dams ahead of a very wet week
Posted 4:36 pm, February 19, 2019, by Laura Christmas, Updated at 06:02PM, February 19, 2019
GUNTERSVILLE, Ala. - The Tennessee Valley Authority is releasing millions of gallons of water a second through dams in North Alabama in preparation for a potentially heavy rain event through the rest of this week.
Tuesday morning, the Guntersville Dam was spilling at 1.2 million gallons of water per second. That's almost two Olympic-size swimming pools per second. TVA posted the dam would be spilling until further notice.
That's typical right now, across the Tennessee Valley. "TVA has a series of 49 dams that we use in an integrated way to manage, for a lot of benefits, and one of those is flood control," said James Everett, senior manager for TVA's River Forecast Center, "We'll be shifting our focus to provide flood protection and flood control during this potentially heavy rain event."
They're moving a lot of water to create as much storage as possible. "Lake levels will rise rapidly as we get this rainfall, as well as river levels below the dams," Everett said.
The Marshall County Emergency Management Agency is encouraging boat owners to secure boats accordingly, secure docks, and make preparations to boathouses.
Boaters should use caution on the water. "Steer clear of the dams. These are very turbulent waters near our dams, so heed all the caution signs and warnings about being on the water," Everett said.
TVA posts frequent conditions updates to its Facebook and Twitter pages.
TVA officials say TVA prevents about $250 million dollars in flood damage across the region every year. The goal during a large rain event is to minimize the flooding potential.
Filed in: Northeast Alabama
TVA Rockpile Recreation Area remains closed after February flooding
Tennessee River supplies drinking water to hundreds of thousands
Timeline of events surrounding 3M's admission of illegal chemical release into Tennessee River
Violent tornado that hit Missouri's capital 'felt like an earthquake'
Colbert County project to ensure reliable power service
Two runaway barges sink after smashing into Oklahoma dam
Decatur Investigative Taking Action
3M admits to illegal chemical release in Tennessee River
Hundreds of roads under water as historic flooding breaches levees and threatens communities along Mississippi and Arkansas Rivers
3M expands former landfill assessments, Decatur Utilities & City officials respond
More scattered downpours Friday, but there's a better chance of rain for the weekend!
Water recreation's economic impact on the Tennessee Valley

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Leisure Cycling
Sportive Events
GBCC Gear
Stock on Hand
GBCC provide a number of rider-led leisure spins on a Sunday morning, departing from Nigel's Cycle Store on the Tuam road.
We currently operate 3 groups as follows:
1. Beginners: The beginners group started on Feb 22nd, 2015 and will run for 8 weeks and is aimed at riders just starting off, riding distances of around 20 to 30 km.
2. Intermediate: This group is aimed at those who would like to ride distances from 50 to 60 km, with an average speed of 23 – 25 kph.
3. Advanced: This group normally covers distances from 100 – 120 km, usually at an average of about 28 – 30 kph.
Riders also partake in various other sportives and events throughout the spring, summer and autumn and you'll nearly always find a GBCC rider at any of the vast number of cycling events in the West of Ireland.
Galway Bay Cycling
Galway Bay Cycling Club is passionate about cycling - we cater for all cyclists of all abilities in and around Galway city. We have a very active club with over 90 members of all ages with something to suit everyone.
Every Sunday the club operates a number of spins from various locations. Please take a look at the Training Routes and Times at left here. On Thursday evenings from April to September we have a handicapped club league race where all club members are welcome to take part. On any given day you'll find a group of Galway Bay Cyclists out on the roads around Galway.
Cycling Ireland Calendar
National Hill Climb Championships
First Race of the Spring Season
Flanders with Marty!
King Kelly adds to long list of honours as he takes the Latin Quarter inaugural classic.
Galway Bay Cycling © 2015. All Rights Reserved.
Website Design by: iSupply


Bright gold leaves in spring are thick and rubbery with elegant ruffled margins. Leaves are medium green by mid summer but still look graceful in the shade garden. A bright location will hold the gold colour longer into the season. Striped purple flowers shine on cranberry coloured scapes in summer.