An apology for absence was received from Councillor P.M. Hughes.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the minutes of the meeting of the Executive Board held on the 4th March, 2019 be signed as a correct record.
The Chair advised that no questions on notice had been submitted by members.
The Executive Board considered the revenue budget monitoring report which provided an update on the latest budgetary position as at the 31st December, 2018 in respect of 2018/19.
Overall, the report forecast an end of year overspend of £398k on the Authority's net revenue budget with an overspend at departmental level of £2,342k. The most significant pressure points were within Education and Children's Services.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the budget monitoring report be received.
The Executive Board considered a report which provided an update on the capital programme spend against the budget for 2018/19 as at the 31st December, 2018.
It was noted that the capital programme indicated a net spend of £52,455k compared with a working net budget of £54,105k giving a £-1,650k variance.
The net budget had been re-profiled, with a further £0.692m from 2018/19 slipped to future years to take account of updated spend profile information and the budget slippage from 2017/18 was also included.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the capital programme budget monitoring update report, as detailed in Appendix A and B, be received.
The Authority is committed to supporting its employees and promoting their health and wellbeing. The Purchase of Additional Leave Policy has been designed to complement the existing range of supportive policies and benefits available to employees, by allowing individuals to request to purchase additional annual leave.
The policy would assist employees in balancing work and home life by providing greater flexibility in respect of planned time off work and may contribute to a reduction in levels of sickness absence as experienced by other Local Authorities who have implemented such a policy.
Existing policies such as job share, part-time working and unpaid leave provisions may not be appropriate for some members of staff, therefore, the option to purchase additional annual leave may offer a more suitable option. The policy does not replace or restrict the discretion of line manager to grant unpaid leave in line with the Time Off Policy.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Purchase of Additional Leave Policy and the introduction of a Purchase of Additional Leave scheme be approved.
The Executive Board considered a report which provided details of two Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG) documents which had been prepared to support and elaborate upon the policies and provisions of the adopted Carmarthenshire Local Development Plan (LDP).
The draft Wind and Solar Energy SPG provided more detailed guidance for facilitating the development of renewable energy schemes, focusing in particular on wind and solar energy. The SPG provided general guidance for onshore wind and solar energy applications on issues such as pre-applications, Environmental Impact Assessment, Habitat Regulations Assessment, grid connection, community energy, community benefits, agricultural land, ecological considerations, mitigation and enhancement. The draft SPG was published for public consultation during the period 23rd August to 5th October 2018. Six responses were received, the details of which were included in the report.
The draft Highways Design Guide SPG will replace the existing Highway Design Guidance which dated back to 1997 and since that time there have been a number of important changes to local and national policy as well as new design templates. The new Highways Design Guide ensures that the guidance is accurate and up to date with current legal and policy guidance. It also ensures that developers or interested parties are fully informed on the expectations for the design of highway infrastructure for development in the county. The preparation and adoption of the guidance as SPG will assist developers, designers and other professionals in understanding the highways requirements for new development and will assist in the determination of proposals as they emerge. It seeks to encourage developers to create highway layouts which have a distinctive character in their built environment and landscaping whilst applying design standards which will achieve safe, sustainable provision for all users. It was intended that the guide would be a key reference document to be cited when determining highways responses to planning consultations.
9.3 that delegated authority be granted to the Head of Planning to correct typographical, cartographical or grammatical errors and to make amendments in order to enhance accuracy and clarity of meaning.
The Executive Board was advised that in May 2018, along with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the new Data Protection Act 2018 (DPA) came into force in the UK, replacing the provisions of the previous Data Protection Act 1998.
The GDPR effectively prohibits the processing of sensitive personal data and criminal convictions data, unless certain conditions are met.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Data Protection Policy be endorsed.
The Executive Board was advised of the requirement to have a clear and robust policy in place around the management of the Council's records, in order to meet legal requirements and standards. The Records Management Policy sets out the roles and responsibilities for managing records, in any format, and stored in any media within the Council. The policy also aims to ensure that all Council employees understand what they must do to protect and manage records effectively, efficiently and economically.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Records Management Policy be endorsed.
There are approximately 20,000 street lighting units along our highways within Carmarthenshire which are owned and maintained by the Public Lighting Team within the Environment Directorate. There are a further 4900 community lights in Town and Community Council areas which are owned by the respective Councils. These community lights are maintained under agreement by the Public Lighting Team wherein Town and Community Councils are charged annually for energy consumption and maintenance.
The Public Lighting Team have been upgrading our street lighting units from sodium lamp until to LED lighting units. This conversion programme was introduced to provide efficiencies as the LED lighting is more energy efficient and provides improved performance with a whiter light. It is also anticipated that it will require less future maintenance.
Of the 4900 community lighting stock, 4357 still have sodium lamps which lack the energy efficiency of the LED units. There is one supplier of sodium lamps who have given noticed that they will stop taking orders after July 2019. Sodium lamps therefore have a finite life and Town and Community Councils will need to replace all 4357 lamps in the coming years.
Carmarthenshire County Council is in a position to lead a project for this based on our own street lighting replacement programme. This will contribute towards being a more energy efficient County, it will improve the quality of community lighting and assist Town and Community Councils in an otherwise difficult situation. It was therefore proposed that the County Council act as budget holder to roll forward the programme with an agreement from the Town and Community Councils that they would pay back the costs over an 8 year timeframe raised from their own precepts.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Community Council LED Lighting project be approved.
The Board considered the Public Services Ombudsman for Wales' Annual Letter for 2017/18. The letter was accompanied by a factsheet with accompanying data, which assists the Authority in reviewing performance.
Reference was made to the fact that it was a positive report and it was pleasing to note that the number of complaints received by the Ombudsman concerning Carmarthenshire has decreased significantly in the past year by 43% from 44 to 25. Complaints regarding Planning and Building Control had also decreased significantly from 16 to 6.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Public Services Ombudsman for Wales' Annual Letter for 2017-18 be received.
The Board was advised that, in accordance with the Local Authority's appointment policy for LA Governors, where LA Governor vacancies exist or are due to arise, nominations are invited from the Governing Body Chairperson, the Headteacher and the local Elected Member. Subsequently, all nominations are considered by the Executive Board Member for Education & Children, who makes the appointments.
Councillor Glynog Davies is the local Elected Member and is also the current Chair of Governors at Brynamman School. It would not, therefore, be appropriate for Councillor Davies to consider the nomination for a vacancy for a LA Governor at Brynamman School, in his role as Executive Board Member for Education & Children.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that Mr M. Morgans be re-appointed to the Governing Body of Brynamman School.
ANY OTHER ITEMS OF BUSINESS THAT BY REASONS OF SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES THE CHAIR DECIDES SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS A MATTER OF URGENCY PURSUANT TO SECTION 100B(4)(B) OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT, 1972.


text:
import type { CSSProperties, ReactElement, ReactNode } from "react";
import { Children, cloneElement } from "react";
import type { RenderConditionalPortalProps } from "@react-md/portal";

import {
  DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_DENSE_SPACING,
  DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_MARGIN,
  DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_POSITION,
  DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_SPACING,
  DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_THRESHOLD,
} from "./constants";
import type { TooltipProps } from "./Tooltip";
import { Tooltip } from "./Tooltip";
import type {
  TooltippedElementEventHandlers,
  BaseTooltipHookOptions,
} from "./useTooltip";
import { useTooltip } from "./useTooltip";

interface TooltippedProvidedProps
  extends TooltippedElementEventHandlers<HTMLElement> {
  id: string;
  "aria-describedby"?: string;
  tooltip: ReactNode;
}

export type ChildrenRenderer = (props: TooltippedProvidedProps) => ReactElement;

type R = Record<string, unknown>;
type ChildProps = Partial<Omit<TooltippedProvidedProps, "tooltip">>;
type ChildElement = ReactElement<ChildProps>;

const MERGABLE_PROPS: (keyof TooltippedElementEventHandlers<HTMLElement>)[] = [
  "onClick",
  "onMouseEnter",
  "onMouseLeave",
  "onTouchStart",
  "onFocus",
  "onKeyDown",
  "onContextMenu",
];

export interface TooltippedProps
  extends RenderConditionalPortalProps,
    BaseTooltipHookOptions<HTMLElement>,
    Pick<TooltipProps, "dense" | "lineWrap" | "temporary"> {
  /**
   * The id for the element that has a tooltip. This is always required since it
   * will be passed down to the `containerProps` in the children renderer
   * function. It is also used to generate a `tooltipId` when there is a
   * tooltip.
   */
  id: string;

  /**
   * The tooltip to display. When this is false-ish, the children renderer will
   * always return `null` for the `tooltip` prop.
   */
  tooltip?: ReactNode;

  /**
   * An optional additional `aria-describedby` id or ids to merge with the
   * tooltip id. This is really used for things like notifications or when
   * multiple elements describe your tooltipped element.
   */
  "aria-describedby"?: string;

  /**
   * An optional style for the tooltip.
   */
  style?: CSSProperties;

  /**
   * An optional className for the tooltip
   */
  className?: string;

  /**
   * The children for this component should either be a function or a single
   * element. When the children is a single React element, this component will
   * clone in an `id`, `aria-describedby`, and all the event handlers required
   * to show and hide a tooltip relative to that element. This means that you
   * will need to ensure that the child component accepts and passes down the
   * `on*` event handlers to a DOM node as well as the `id` and
   * `aria-describedby` for accessibility. Every component within react-md
   * should do this by default.
   *
   * If the children is a function, the `id`, `aria-describedby`, and event
   * handlers will be provided as well as a new `tooltip` prop so that you have
   * more control over rendering the tooltip.
   *
   * If the tooltip prop was not provided to this component, the
   * `aria-describedby` and the event handlers will be omitted.
   */
  children: ChildElement | ChildrenRenderer;
}

/**
 * The `Tooltipped` component can be used to dynamically add a tooltip to child
 * element by cloning the required event handlers and accessibility props into
 * the child with `React.cloneChild`.
 *
 * Note: This component is _kind of_ deprecated in favor of using the
 * `useTooltip` hook and `Tooltip` component instead.
 *
 * @see {@link Tooltip} for an example
 */
export function Tooltipped({
  id,
  style,
  children,
  tooltip: tooltipChildren,
  dense = false,
  vhMargin = DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_MARGIN,
  vwMargin = DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_MARGIN,
  spacing = DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_SPACING,
  denseSpacing = DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_DENSE_SPACING,
  position: propPosition,
  threshold = DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_THRESHOLD,
  onClick,
  onMouseEnter,
  onMouseLeave,
  onTouchStart,
  onContextMenu,
  onBlur,
  onFocus,
  onKeyDown,
  "aria-describedby": describedBy,
  defaultPosition = DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_POSITION,
  temporary = true,
  disableSwapping,
  disableHoverMode,
  disableAutoSpacing = process.env.NODE_ENV === "test",
  ...props
}: TooltippedProps): ReactElement {
  const { elementProps, tooltipProps } = useTooltip({
    baseId: id,
    style,
    dense,
    spacing,
    denseSpacing,
    vwMargin,
    vhMargin,
    position: propPosition,
    defaultPosition,
    disableSwapping,
    disableHoverMode,
    disableAutoSpacing,
    onFocus,
    onBlur,
    onKeyDown,
    onClick,
    onMouseEnter,
    onMouseLeave,
    onTouchStart,
    onContextMenu,
    threshold,
  });

  if (!tooltipChildren) {
    if (typeof children === "function") {
      return children({ id, tooltip: null, "aria-describedby": describedBy });
    }

    const child = Children.only(children);
    return cloneElement(child, { id, "aria-describedby": describedBy });
  }

  const tooltip = (
    <Tooltip {...tooltipProps} {...props} temporary={temporary}>
      {tooltipChildren}
    </Tooltip>
  );

  if (typeof children === "function") {
    return children({ ...elementProps, tooltip });
  }

  const child = Children.only(children);
  // TODO: remove this mess since you should provide handlers to the
  // `Tooltipped` component instead of the child element.
  /* istanbul ignore next */
  const merged = MERGABLE_PROPS.reduce(
    (result, propName) => {
      const propHandler = child.props[propName];
      const configHandler = elementProps[propName];
      if (!propHandler) {
        (result as R)[propName] = configHandler;
      } else if (!configHandler) {
        (result as R)[propName] = propHandler;
      } else {
        // not sure of a way to actually strongly type this nicely.
        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
        result[propName] = (event: any) => {
          propHandler(event);
          configHandler(event);
        };
      }

      return result;
    },
    { ...elementProps }
  );

  return (
    <>
      {cloneElement(child, merged)}
      {tooltip}
    </>
  );
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Accurate Browncoats, such as the fictional flexibility fighters they named on their own right after, do not quit simply.
These diehard followers of "Firefly," the 2002 cult Television hit, possess a background of turning to the net to buck improbable odds in protection of their preferred demonstrate.
Now, they are at it once more.
Just days soon after an apparently offhand comment from Nathan Fillion, who played Capt. Malcolm Reynolds within the short-lived Fox sequence, the Internet has as soon as once more lit up with efforts to revive the sci-fi franchise.
Final week, Fillion, who now stars in ABC's "Castle," instructed Amusement Weekly he'd adore to play Mal once more. Then, he ratcheted points up a notch.
"If I received $300 million in the California Lottery, the very first factor I'd do is purchase the rights to "Firefly," allow it to be on my personal, and distribute it online," Fillion informed EW, a Tech News Blog companion.
Then, some probably shocking on the internet reactions began rolling in.
Then, Jane Espenson, who wrote an episode, chimed in: "I'm there, if required," she tweeted.
Which was additional than sufficient for enthusiasts (whose "Browncoat" nickname, from the way, arrives through the Western-style dusters worn by Fillion and other people around the demonstrate).
The objective? To create a indicates of accumulating pledges that may flip into donations if a revived "Firefly" seems like it could turn into a fact.
The pledge program hadn't been formally developed as of Tuesday, but followers had been currently composing within the site's comment segment that they are prepared to pony up.
In 5 days, the site's Facebook group had picked up far more than 33,000 members — about ten,000 of them within the previous 24 several hours.
The 2 creators from the web-site are remaining publicly anonymous for now. In an e-mail to a Tech News Blog (which arrived from an tackle connected for the website and was talked about within the group's Facebook page), they mentioned they function inside the nonprofit area but "have no credentials to communicate of" within the TV/film market or "Firefly" neighborhood.
They acknowledged the odds that Fillion was significant about acquiring the show's rights are "pretty very low," but wish the community's willingness to assistance some kind of revamped "Firefly" will motivate creator Joss Whedon or somebody else together with the appropriate clout to create a transfer.
They say they "won't get a penny" from everyone till an individual like Whedon or Fillion will get involved with an work to revive the display and would search to setup a not-for-profit basis or some thing with the type if that occurs.
Other devotees from the cult preferred say they are not shocked from the fast Internet motion.
Even just before "Firefly" was formally sacked in 2002, supporters had used for the Internet to attempt to help save it. Employing the on the net instruments from the early 2000s — concept boards, fan web-sites, chat rooms and LiveJournal weblogs — they organized. Contact it an early instance of crowd-sourcing.
They collected income for an advert in Selection, organized a postcard-writing marketing campaign to Universal Images and, once the DVD box set was launched, elevated $14,000 to place copies on 250 Navy ships for your crews to look at.
The fan base's self-styled guerrilla advertising is extensively regarded as to get served Whedon get funding for 2005's "Serenity," a characteristic movie that attracts with each other a few of the loose stops in the collection.
But he says that does not imply absolutely nothing will arrive from the web response to it.
"Even if this venture goes nowhere, a minimum of it is some thing to point out the powers-that-be that there is a item there that might be creating them some cash," he stated.


2. The person so elected shall be one who has rendered conspicuous service to the Theatre in an active or administrative capacity during a minimum of 10 years.
3. Every proposal for life membership shall be submitted to the management committee who shall, if they approve the proposal, nominate the person concerned to the Annual General Meeting, such appointment to be by a three quarters majority of members present and voting.
4. A Life Member shall be entitled to all the rights and privileges of ordinary membership for life without payment of any subscription or fee and shall be entitled to attend and vote at all General Meetings of the Theatre.
The committee requires time to assess applications prior to the AGM and shall only consider completed applications submitted to the Secretary before the end of November immediately prior to the proposed AGM.


text:
Feb 18 New Okunoshima Bunny Video!
Longtime readers will remember our posts (here and here) on Japanese island Ōkunoshima, uninhabited but for the many, many rabbits living there. (The island is also known as Usagi Shima – "Rabbit Island.") Here's a new video of the island bunnies swarming a tourist with treats!
Prior to informally becoming Usagi Shima, Ōkunoshima was home to a poison gas factory that produced mustard and tear gas before and during World War II; to keep their chemical weaponry a secret, the Japanese government even removed the island from some maps. Now, though, the island is open to tourists, who can visit not only all those bunnies, but also the Ōkunoshima Poison Gas Museum.
As for how the rabbits got there? There is much speculation; as we wrote previously, the Mainichi Daily News says the following:
It is believed that rabbits were first taken to the island in 1971, after an elementary school in Takehara found it difficult to keep the animals at school. According to the Kyukamura Okunoshima resort hotel, most of the visitors to the island consisted of students on school study trips and senior tourists.
However, as the island became known as a rabbit habitat, the hotel began to receive more reservations from young women and families. The rabbits became popular for their adorable gesture asking for food.
Other websites posit that rabbits meant for animal testing at the poison gas factory were set free when the plant closed; Hatsuichi Murakami, who worked at the plant as a young man and who eventually became the museum's director, apparently indicates in this interview (in Japanese) that today's bunnies are not, in fact, descendants of the factory's bunnies. (Ed.: Due to translation issues, I have not yet been able to verify that statement.)
Has anyone here been lucky enough to visit the bunnies at Usagi Shima?
okunoshima
Feb 19 Bunny Explores the Hilly Fluffiness of the Duvet
Feb 17 Bunny Is Not Very Good at Hide-and-Seek Yet

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"This is what we call a miracle," the local sheriff's office said.
Officials in Montana say it's a "miracle" that a 5-month-old baby survived what is believed to be at least nine hours in a cold forest buried under leaves and sticks.
Officials searched for six hours before a deputy heard a faint cry and uncovered the buried boy, according to the Missoula County Sheriff's Office, which posted about the incident on Facebook.
The baby boy is now in good condition, according to the sheriff's office.
The search for the baby kicked off in earnest on Sunday when the Missoula County Sheriff's Office responded to reports of a man "acting strange" and "threatening people" at around 8 p.m.
Officials arrested 32-year-old Francis Carlton Crowley, who they said "appeared to be under the influence of drugs and was not making sense to officers." He did, however, indicate that a baby who had been left in his care "was possibly buried somewhere in the mountains," according to the sheriff's office.
A search and rescue team that included members from the US Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, and Montana Highway Patrol was quickly assembled. The crew combed the area into the night as temperatures dropped to 46 degrees. At around 2 a.m., the deputy heard the faint cry.
"He followed the sound and found the baby alive, face down, buried under a pile of sticks and debris," the sheriff's office said.
The 5-month-old, who was only wearing a onesie that was wet and soiled, is now being cared for at a local hospital.
Crowley, who was charged with criminal endangerment, with additional charges expected, remains in custody.
It's not clear what the relationship between him and the baby is.
"For all of us at the sheriff's office, this is what we call a miracle," the department said. "For the officers who were present for this event, it's especially hard knowing what this small baby endured in the last 24 hours."


text:
Paint the Town Orange
Josie Porter helps sort canned goods.
Paint the Town Orange, a community service initiative of Freedom Church in Acworth, just completed its second year of performing good deeds. The purpose of the event is to be a blessing to the community and to engage as many people as possible in serving locally in a six-day period. This helps people see how easy and fun it can be to be a blessing to others.
From July 23-28, the people of Freedom Church completed 24 projects representing 354 opportunities to serve, helped by 279 volunteers during more than 1,028 hours. The church food drive collected 2,550 pounds of non-perishable food.
"There is something that happens in a person when he or she serves someone else. It causes us to focus less on ourselves and invest in others," said Todd Lollis, operations pastor at Freedom Church. "It is amazing what can be accomplished when a group of people get together to complete a landscaping project, hang out with some of our special-needs friends, fill a food pantry, etc. Paint the Town Orange has been a great tangible way for us to show our community that God loves them and so does Freedom Church!"
Paint the Town Orange isn't just an annual event; it is a movement that leads to opportunities to serve throughout the year.
Paint the Town Orange Projects
Four special-needs kickball games with players from the Horizon League.
Served four teacher-appreciation meals during pre-planning for teachers from Allatoona High, Durham Middle, Frey Elementary, Bullard Elementary, North Cobb High and Awtrey Middle schools.
Sorted 2,550 pounds of food that was collected during the food drive.
Landscaping projects at Acworth Elementary, Barber Middle, Baker Elementary and Lewis Elementary schools.
Health expo at Celebration Village senior living community.
Stocked food pantries at Acworth Elementary and Barber Middle schools.
Handed out popsicles to band members during practice at Kennesaw Mountain, North Cobb, Allatoona and North Paulding high schools.
Game night at Dogwood Forest senior living community.
Block party, backpack and school supply giveaway in low-income neighborhood.
Served meals at MUST Ministries' Loaves and Fishes Community Kitchen.
Landscaping and home projects for a local veteran.
Worship services at senior living communities Dogwood Forest and Celebration Village.
Joni Lollis greets a resident at Celebration Village.
High fives all around at a kickball game with players from the Horizon League.
One of the four special-needs kickball games at the Acworth Community Center.
Volunteers work on a landscaping project at Acworth Elementary School.


We have now experienced the first snow of the year. There's something absolutely magical about that first snowfall. The excitement of waiting to hear if school will be cancelled, forming plans in our heads of all we will do on our unexpected day off. I love my son's snow days just as much as I used to love my own.
We have developed our little snow day traditions – time to play outside, hot chocolate with marshmallows in snowmen mugs to warm us when we come inside, and creative play for the rest of the day. Yesterday's snow day was particularly cold for us, and there wasn't a huge amount of snow, so we spent less time on the outside play and more on the inside. We had a large box delivered earlier in the week, which I had kept it for just such an occasion. It became the Bat Mobile, complete with steering wheel and computer (made from odd pieces of paper and plastic lids).
Our days are pretty hectic around here. We are busy with so many daily responsibilities, but snow days are our time to slow down, take a breath, and just enjoy.
PS – I am reading through Sally Clarkson's "Life Giving Home" this year, which includes lots of great ideas for creating a family culture. I'm sure I'll write more about it as the year goes along, but I heartily recommend it. It is divided into months, with lots of seasonal ideas and inspiration.
Father, as we ready our hearts for the coming of Easter morning, help us today to recognize the ways that, like Judas, we betray You for a cheap thirty pieces. We belittle your sacrifice in a thousand ways. We forget the grace You have given us. Like Judas, we walk with you, and then we turn away when Your plans don't match our own. Forgive us.
We collude with the enemy. We flirt with worldliness, and sometimes we have an all-out affair with it. We are tempted to wander from our faith, especially when Your plan isn't clear. Forgive us.
Father, may we see our wanderings and recognize them for what they are. In Your mercy, call us back to repentance. Keep us from the darkness, fill us with Your light. Remind us again and again that You are our Savior, Redeemer, Deliverer, Strong Tower, an ever-present Help in times of trouble.
Prepare our hearts, Lord. Let us learn from Judas, but never follow his path. Show us the ways we sully Your sacrifice. Bring us back to fellowship with You. Prepare our hearts this week. Show us with fresh eyes Your glory.
2016 – The Year to Celebrate!
I'm sorry that I've been absent for the past month! The beginning of the year has slammed our schedule hard, and I feel like I am just now beginning to crawl out of the hole of lagging behind. Blogging had to get dropped to the side for a few weeks so I could get a handle on everything else.
If you read along with our journey in 2015, you know that God very specifically gave me a word for the year, brave. I had quite the experience with that word, never knowing that God was asking me to be brave as we lived through a year of cancer.
So, it was with some anxiety that I asked God for another word this year, but I believe that He has given me one – celebrate!
This is the year that God is asking me to learn to celebrate again. We lived with a lot of fear and anxiety last year, and we learned so much about God's plan in suffering. And now, I believe that God is inviting me to relearn how to celebrate life – life in Him, life with my family, life in my community, life filled with joy – regardless of what may come in the future.
God invites us to enjoy Him with all our senses, to "taste and see that the Lord is good." That's my goal this year, to seek out the beauty that God has created, to look every day for His imprints in my life.
Just like last year, I don't know where God will take my journey to celebrate, but I am eager to get going and find out!
This weekend, my middle nephew and his wife renewed their vows at a state park in Lebanon, Tennessee. They both serve in the Air Force, so when they got married a year and a half ago, none of their family was present. This weekend was about celebrating their marriage with family and friends.
I love this little picture because the groom, who is now well over 6 feet tall and not four years old anymore, was the ring bearer for me and Chris nineteen years ago. On Saturday, Henry was his ring bearer. Could someone please make time stand still?
The most unfortunate aspect of the wedding day was the weather. Middle Tennessee in October is a toss-up – it might be sunny and warm, and it might not be. Saturday was definitely in the "not" category. It was in the 50s, windy, and rainy all day long. Regardless, the decorations and the bride were beautiful. Henry got to dance his little heart out, and we enjoyed being with our family for the day.
We have one more week until fall break, and I have four days until my friend Amy and I head for what we call "grown-up camp," which is actually a Christianity and the arts conference in Nashville known as Hutchmoot. To say we are terribly excited is an understatement. We're looking forward to lots of inspiration, lots of good food, and lots of fun in the hotel room catching up since we last saw one another this time last year.
I can promise that the coffee and words will flow freely.
When the doctor says the word "cancer," it feels as if the world has stopped and you'll never be able to get back on it properly again. And then some time passes, and you realize you really can, and frankly, you must, carry on with some semblance of a life, especially if you have children at home. Moms are the heartbeat of their homes, sick or not.
So, if you're like me, you have to figure out how to continue on with some things while letting other things go. We have a wonderful church family that has stepped up to help us. The past two weeks, people have cleaned our house. We've had lots of food appear at our door, filling our refrigerator and our freezer. We've been given gift cards to restaurants and, ahem, Starbucks. Not having to clean my house or cook has been an enormous blessing.
If you have a friend who has been diagnosed with any kind of serious or chronic disease, even a small gesture of help and encouragement is very much appreciated. I've gotten notes from the teachers at Henry's school telling me they are looking after him. They have no idea what that means to me.
I am still playing the piano, although there may be weeks I have to miss a rehearsal. I am still leading my Kidz Choir, although there will definitely be weeks that my assistants have to take over for me. On the weeks I feel good, Henry doesn't go to daycare or the babysitter, and I try to plan some fun things we can do together.
I am still keeping up with my Hello Mornings Bible study group, although some days I don't have enough mental energy to do more than just read through the Scripture passage for the day. Chemo brain is a real thing, and I'm thankful for this blog, my music, and my Bible study group for keeping me active and thinking.
The thing is, this is a marathon, not a sprint. We are trusting God for a full and complete recovery, and I am already planning for the day when we hear those magic words from Dr. Ridenhour – cancer free. But there are a lot of steps on this journey before we get to that place. If you want to continue the marathon illustration, we are only a couple of miles in this race.
So, to our real-life friends, thank you for everything you have done to take care of our physical needs. You are enabling me to use my limited energy to do the things that I really enjoy. To my online friends, thank you for your encouragement and prayers. Every email, every Facebook message, every text has been sent at just the right time.
So, this is a very poorly written thank you to everyone who is carrying a bit of our load for us. We appreciate you.
I am writing this the day after my first chemo treatment. Last week was filled with tests and outpatient surgery (and recovery following surgery). Today, I have been bone-tired from the medicine that was pumped into my veins.
Yes, cancer is most certainly a physical battle. But before the physical battle even began, Satan began to battle for my mind.
I am tempted to doubt, to fear, to be anxious. I have had a range of emotions, faith-filled one moment and tempted to self-pity the next.
The way out of temptation has always been the same – combat the lies in our minds with the Truth. This past Sunday at my church, we sang a favorite song of mine that has new meaning these days (and is on my chemo playlist!).
Whatever battle you are facing today, combat the lies of the Enemy with the Truth of Christ.
…Gaynelle Austin! Thanks to b's baubles and necessities for the fun contest, and to everyone who played!
If you regularly read this space, you know that God has been working on my heart since the early part of the summer. Some key conversations, a couple of influential books, and a few good friends who have been sharing this crazy movement of the Holy Spirit – and here we are at the beginning of November.
And those pangs of regret, seeds of dreams, longings of the heart … are slowly becoming a reality.
I am at a crossroads of sorts. I can either continue to be sucked into a version of Christianity that involves only serving the saved, maintaining my own comfort, and absolutely zero risk, or I can step out on faith, knowing that few may go with me, the road will be rough, and the immediate return may be small.
I choose the rough road.
We (myself and those in my immediate circle, small though it is), have found ourselves becoming "consumer Christians" – seeking only what we can absorb and not reaching out to others. We have become self-focused and small-minded.
The area around my church and my home is not wealthy. In fact, the pockets of poverty (and all that comes with it) are overwhelming. Even with our best efforts, we can only make a drop in the bucket. But I don't believe that Jesus would look at these people and throw up His hands. In fact, I know He wouldn't. He would roll up His sleeves, sit down for a meal, and love on them with all that He had.
In fact, that's just what He did.
And that's just what we are planning to do.
We are dreaming of two separate opportunities to share Christmas with our less-fortunate neighbors. We want to sit among them, learn their names, play with their children, share a meal together. We want to demonstrate the love of Christ, and we want to let them know that we are all the same at our deepest level – pilgrims on a journey.
We believe that when Jesus speaks in Matthew 25 about clothing, feeding, visiting the least of these, His command was a literal for all who follow Him.
May I ask those of you who are reading this and are local to Owensboro – consider joining us? Go with us to share love and Christ this Christmas in a tangible way. And, may I humbly ask you to share this post with others?
If you are not local, may we ask you to pray for us and leave your name in the comments? We need you to hold us accountable. I will continue to post updates in this space.
We are daring to dream big. May we even dare to start a revolution? A revolution of showing Christ's love to our neighbors regardless of race, education, social standing, and any other issue that divides? We present this to you with trembling hands and hearts, but we know that we dare not follow where He is leading.
I have heard from many of you since my last post here, and I want to thank you for your responses. You have all been sources of great encouragement, often in moments when I really needed you.
Of course, this is how we should be living the Christian life everyday – encouraging one another, building one another up in our common faith.
Certain seasons of life are isolating – raising a toddler, serving as a caregiver to an aging family member, living away from friends and family, suffering from a debilitating illness, and so many more. I can think of several friends and acquaintances who are currently living through what might be very lonely circumstances. These are seasons of waiting on God to show us what He wants us to do next, and waiting is almost always frustrating and difficult.
Waiting for a job offer. Waiting for the call from the adoption agency. Waiting for the house to sell. Waiting for the baby to be born. Waiting, waiting, waiting. Not wanting to burden our friends or sound like we are whining (when so many people are living through situations that are much more difficult than our own), we tend to keep quiet about our struggles.
As the body of Christ, we need to walk alongside our brothers and sisters, even when it is inconvenient for us. Even when we think we are too busy . . . maybe especially then.
If I have time for Twitter, Words With Friends, Facebook, or the Olympics, then I also have time to call, text, or e-mail someone who needs an encouraging word.
You have been a blessing to me. Now, let's both pass that same blessing along to someone else today.
I would have despaired unless I had believed that I would see the goodness of the Lord in the land of the living. Wait for the Lord; be strong and let your heart take courage; yes, wait for the Lord. Psalm 27:13-14.
Bird-watching has become a good opportunity to remind Henry and myself that God cares for the birds and for us, too.
This is a "lean" season for us and for so, so many of our friends. Just this week I have talked with people who have lost jobs, whose husbands have left, and whose family members are extremely sick. Gas prices, food prices, and insurance prices are all going up. We are surrounded by social media, and yet many are lonelier than ever with the loss of real friendships.
I pray that this is a season of abundance for you. But if it is not, take heart with the psalmist – "Wait for the Lord; be strong and let your heart take courage…" And know you are not alone. We best navigate this life in community, and there's a good chance that others are experiencing the same things you are.
Pray for one another. Love on one another. Wait for the goodness of the Lord.


HI Everyone, seeing how busy a mother's life is ,I came to a conclusion that " I NEED MORE THAN 24HRS A DAY".
I have a quik story i will love to share about Moinmoin, While i was growing up, i guess my teenage or early twenties years. Since we were all girls in my house ,my cousin also lived with us. My mum bought all the ingredients for moinmoin , i mean everything you can think of was to be in this moinmoin. It's called Moinmoin with seven lives. my cousin shouted yes i am cooking. we waited for this moinmoin for at least 3 hours, hungry and salivating. Finally it's ready, yea my took the first bite and she screamed out, with our eyes on our heads she said no salt. yes my cousin forgot the most important part of the food.My mum went to bed complaining about it. since then , i have it in my brain that i can't afford to forget the most important part of moinmoin.
So today i want to talk about my garnished Moinmoin.
same process like the regular moinmoin, Blended peeled beans with all my seasonings ,boiled egg, corned beef and cray fish. But this time i will not be steaming my moinmoin but baking it in a flat oven tray for 20 mins,then garnish with all the colourful vegies you can lay your hands on for 5 mins. Again that's the best thing i ever taste in the history of moinmoin.


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Vivian has been in the cosmetology field for over 20 years and salon owner for 15 years. Believes this success come from perseverance and hard work. Has trained using continue education as a guide to stay professional and relevant. We feel that when style meets professionalism it is a relationship meant to last.
Our vision is to establish a relationship with our clients. To promote wholeness and wellness through education and proper care for your hair and body, we believe that healthy hair begins with a proper diet and exercise.Because hair is bulit from the inside out, NOT the outside in!
Our staff is confident in their knowledge and expertise. We will always provide services and products to meet each client's individual needs. We work as a team and want you to be comfortable and relaxed each and every time you sit down for a cut, style, or coloring session.


text:
Atelier: NMS
Project: University Awarded Project Funding
Mulholland, Neil (Principal Investigator)
Baxstrom, Richard (Principal Investigator)
McClanahan-Simmons, Angela (Principal Investigator)
Atelier | Making Research Material Across the Arts and Social Sciences
In recent years, there has been a growing concern with materiality as a field of enquiry across the arts, humanities and social sciences. Not to be confused with the field of 'material culture studies', or with 'historical materialism', emerging research calls into question the binarism and anthropocentrism of critical theory and the cultural turn. The 'new materialisms', in their different ways, speculate on how things are material, singular and/or entangled. They have radically redefined post-human politics, agency, corporeality, criticality, representation, and time. In response to these concerns, a group of colleagues from the University of Edinburgh's College of Humanities & Social Sciences established the Visual & Material Research Group, a network of arts and social sciences scholars and staff from museums and art galleries in Scotland.
Aims:
Our meetings have foregrounded a number of ways in which disciplines within CHSS and our non-HEI partners each have their own protocols and methods for making material available for study in the form of objects. Yet, as we make radically distinct objects from the same material, what remains to be formulated within this multidisciplinary field are the concepts, equipment, and techniques that would generate the truly collaborative ability to fabricate common research objects.
How will the work be carried out?
Visual & Material Research Group recently formalised their research processes, academic and non-academic partnerships in the form of a network project entitled Atelier: Making Research Material Across the Arts and Social Sciences. The aim of the network is to develop models of making and enquiry that can bring together often separate visual and material research practices within the social sciences and humanities through the creation of an 'Atelier'. Our Atelier is a commons that allows us to make shared research 'objects' through collaborative research practices.
A series of charrettes - participatory workshops involving interested colleagues across UoE and partners in the museum and gallery sector – will, in turn, focus on a particular object that will facilitate and contrast different methods of material enquiry. By engaging with 'things' in the custody/field of our non-academic partners the charrettes will enable us to map and improve conditions for cross-disciplinary collaboration, shifting the emphasis away from doing research towards the creation of research objects.
Layman's description
We will invite three key academics working in the field of material studies to facilitate a three-day workshop at Edinburgh College of Art and the National Museums of Scotland. Up to 24 key stakeholders working in the field of material culture studies from around Scotland can apply join the charrette as Scottish Graduate Schools consortia participants.
On the afternoon of the first day of Atelier, three key academics working will present papers designed to elucidate new materialist approaches working with objects. On the second day all 30 participants will work in three groups of 10. Each group will spend one day identifying and working with a single artefact in the custodianship of the NMS. On afternoon of the third day, the groups will reassemble and present their work to the whole group.
The process of this Atelier will form the basis of a regular charrette series organised by the University of Edinburgh Visual & Material Research Group in collaboration with the NMS.
Art, Materiality and Representation


text:
\section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction}

Fermionic systems capable of developing an instability towards pair binding, under certain circumstances, reveal a striking symbiosis of interparticle interaction and the symmetry of internal degrees of freedom. Among such systems permitting a fruitful combination of experimental and theoretical research, ultracold atoms stand out.  The fine tunability of trapped atomic species allows for a unique simulating and  benchmarking  of many-body theory across different issues of physics. The internal geometry of interaction in numerous systems  can be classified into the underlying symmetry groups. Particle states in the corresponding group representation are labeled with subscripts, such as spin, flavor, pseudospin, and thus shape a multicomponent system. A prosaic example is tied to $SU(2)$ symmetry, which covers the most widely studied spin-1/2 systems.  The enlarge $SU(n)$ symmetry arises, inter alia, in  fermionic atoms where the nuclear $I$ and electron spins are decoupled, leading to $n = 2 I+1$ internal states \cite{Wu2010,Cazalilla2014,Gorshkov2014}. Typical atomic species as $^{87}\mathrm{Sr}$ with $I=9/2$ and $^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$ with $I=5/2$ are available now in cold atom experiments \cite{Gaebler2010,Pagano2014,Scazza2014,Zhang2014,Taie2012,Krauser2012,Taie2010,Desalvo2010,Cappellini2014}. The large spin systems possess a rich internal structure and manifest thus exotic phases and phenomena such as a novel magnetism \cite{Duine2005,Parsaei2009,Ho2015,Chen2005}, spin-mixtures \cite{Tey2010,Ravensbergen2020,Abeln2021},  Fermi-liquid behavior \cite{Cheng2017,Yip2014,How2018}. Their superfluid properties and Cooper pairing have attracted an unquenchable  interest \cite{Ho1999,He2006,Rapp2007,Wu2003,Zhang2021,Ozawa2010,Schlottmann2014,Honerkamp2004,Capponi2008,Capponi2007,Cherng2007}. The theoretical study also touches upon the $Sp(n)$-symmetric systems \cite{Ramires2016,Ramires2017,Kataoka2011}.

In a vicinity of the critical point the microscopic symmetry of systems comes to the fore, and the long-range behavior is explored through the prism of  effective field models which respect the original symmetry. The renormalization concept allows the consistent consideration of critical fluctuations and groups their relevant contributions into anomalous dimensions of thermodynamic quantities. It has been implemented in the perturbative fashion for a tremendous number of physical models. The $SU(n)$-symmetric fermionic systems also did not stand aside.

The bosonised $SU(n)$ fermionic theory in the Cooper channel was explored using the $\varepsilon$-expansion in \cite{komarova2013,kalagov2016,Nalimov2020}. The order parameter of superfluid phase transition is given by a skew-symmetric $n\times n$ complex matrix. The respective $\beta$-functions were evaluated up to six-loop \cite{bednyakov2021}. No infrared attractive fixed points of the renormalization group flow were found for $n>2$. In addition, the running coupling constants go beyond the stability domain. An instability in the theory at this stage is usually an indication of a possible phase transition in the spirit of the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism.  The impact of a magnetic field, treated as a gauge one, has been reported in \cite{Antonov2016} as well. It was shown that the type of the fixed points elucidated earlier remains unaltered. Despite the efficiency of the $\varepsilon$-expansion  and the Borel resummation technique based on Lipatov's asymptotics, even qualitative predictions obtained in this way should be taken carefully with regard to discontinuous phase transitions, as highlighted in \cite{Kleinert2006} in the case of superconductivity. Therefore, the movement towards nonperturbative analysis could be an additional support to theoretical description  of such phenomena.  The functional renormalization group (FRG) \cite{dupuis2021,Debelhoir2016,berges2002} overcomes the obstacles of the perturbation theory and offers the systematic way to explore a wide range of critical phenomena associated with not only continuous phase transition but also the discontinuous one.

In this paper, we study phase transitions in $SU(n)$ model of complex skew-symmetric tensor field by means of the FRG. Our aim  is to find  the discontinuous phase transition induced by the fluctuation corrections in the multicomponent case $n >2$ and track the development of a finite jump in the order parameter. We employ the well-known local potential approximation (LPA) to derive the desired FRG flow equation which we solve numerically using two paradigms. Firstly, we seek a solution in the form of Taylor's expansion which gives rise to the coupling constants flow and also recovers the one-loop perturbative $\beta$-functions. Secondly, we consider the full flow equation as a partial differential one and store it on the grid to obtain a global solution showing the emergence of the first-order phase transition.

Section ~\ref{sec:model} outlines the bosonic field model of superfluid modes we consider, the phase transition pattern we focus on,  and theoretical framework and nonperturbative approximations we use to derive the renormalization group flow equation for the  effective scale dependent potential. Section ~\ref{sec:sol} presents numerical results we have obtained via both polynomial expansion of the flow and the global solution.  Section~\ref{sec:end} concludes and provides an outlook. In the Appendices we compute the RG flow and point out the numerical methods that are used in the main text.

\section{\label{sec:model}Model and methods}

\subsection{\label{sec:ef}Effective field theory}
The underlying thermal Lagrangian \cite{abrikosov1975,ho1998,kawaguchia2012,stamper2013}
\begin{equation}\label{eq:lagrangian}
 \mathcal{L} =\psi^{*}_{i}  \left(\partial_t - {\bm \nabla}^2 -\mu \right)\,\psi_{i} -\frac{\lambda}{2}
\left(\psi_i^*  \psi_i\right)^2
\end{equation}
describes a system of identical fermions occupying different hyperfine states $i = 1,\dots, n$ at temperature $T$ with the chemical potential $\mu$;  the coupling strength $\lambda$ of the interparticle interaction is generally expressed in terms of the $s$-wave scattering length or adjustable trap parameters. The Grassmann functions $\psi_i$ are antiperiodic on the  ``imaginary-time'' interval $t \in [0, 1/T]$ (hereinafter $k_B = \hbar = 2 \,m = 1$, where $m$ -- the particle mass). The Lagrangian is defined with respect to an ultraviolet momentum cutoff $\Lambda$ limiting its applicability, often related, in electron systems, to the bandwidth or Debye frequency, or the van der Waals length in systems of neutral atoms.

To address the physics close to the superfluid/superconducting phase transition the authors of \cite{komarova2013} have introduced auxiliary bosonic modes $\Phi_{i j}$ of a paired state by the Hubbard–Stratonovich transformation. A finite expectation value of this field below a critical temperature $T_c$ corresponds to the anomalous composite operator $\langle \Phi_{i j} \rangle = \lambda \langle \psi_i \psi_j \rangle$, which can be identified with the order parameter of the transition considered. The rank-2 antisymmetric tensor $\Phi_{i j}$ transforms as $\Phi_{i j} \to \mathcal{U}_{i k} \mathcal{U}_{j l}  \Phi_{k l}$, where $\mathcal{U} \in \mathrm{U}(n)$.

The basic Ginzburg-Landau effective action containing gradient and local terms reads
\begin{align} \nonumber
    S_\textrm{GL} = &\int d^d x \Bigl[ \tr({\bm \nabla} \Phi^{\dag}\, {\bm \nabla}\Phi) + m_0^2 \tr(\Phi^{\dag}\Phi) + g_{01} (\tr(\Phi^{\dag}\Phi))^2 \\[1ex] & +   g_{02} \tr(\Phi^{\dag}\Phi \Phi^{\dag}\Phi)\Bigr] ,
\label{eq:GL}\end{align}
the input coefficients $m_0^2$ and $g_{01}, g_{02}$ depend on the parameters of the microscopic fermionic model $\mu$, $\lambda$, $T$, and $\Lambda$ \cite{kalagov2016,Boettcher2018}. Although the bare value $g_{01}=0$ because no corresponding vertex is generated from fermion loops, it has been added to ensure multiplicative renormalizability of the theory. Such a term is generated in the course of renormalization in any case.   The classical potential term has to be bounded from below, which restricts the coupling space as $g_{02}  > 0$ and $n g_{01} +  g_{02} > 0$.  If the system develops a fermion pair condensate at the transition temperature at which the ``mass''  $m_0^2$ changes sing, the potential acquires a non-vanishing ground state $\langle \Phi \rangle = \phi_1 t_1$ of the form
\begin{equation}
\label{vacuum1}
t_1 = \begin{pmatrix}
 0 & \mathbb{1}_{n/2} \\
-\mathbb{1}_{n/2} & 0
 \end{pmatrix},
\end{equation}
with a real magnitude $\phi_1$, thus, the symmetry group $\mathrm{U}(n)$ breaks down to the  symplectic one $\mathrm{USp}(n)$ consisting of unitary matrices $M$ that satisfy the condition $M^{T} t_1 M = t_1$.

\subsection{\label{sec:rg}Renormalization group treatment}
The framework employed in this study is the functional renormalization group (FRG) \cite{dupuis2021, berges2002, pawlowski2007}. The essence of the approach resides in the scale-dependent effective average action $\Gamma_k$, which comprises all the fluctuations of a field model beyond a momentum scale $k$. That is, $\Gamma_k$ is infrared regularized by a cut-off function $R_k$, added to the original action $S$ as a momentum-dependent mass term. The functional $\Gamma_k$ smoothly interpolates between the original microscopic action on the ultraviolet scale $\Gamma_{\Lambda} = S$
and the full free energy -- the generating functional of 1PI Green functions -- at the infrared limit $\Gamma_{k\to 0} = \Gamma$. Successive infinitesimal scale steps are tantamount to a continuous flow in functional space governed by the Wetterich equation
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:weq}
     \partial_k \Gamma_k = \frac{1}{2} \STr\left\{ (\Gamma_k^{(2)}+R_k)^{-1} \partial_k R_k  \right\},
\end{equation}
where the trace $\STr$ is evaluated over all degrees of freedom, and $\Gamma_k^{(2)}$ is given by the second functional derivative of $\Gamma_k$  with respect to the fields. For the computation of the flow equation, there is some freedom to choose the regulator $R_k(p) = p^2 \, r(p/k)$, where the dimensionless shape functions  $r(x)$  we use are given by the optimized cut-off
\begin{equation}
r(x) = \left(\frac{1}{x} - 1\right) \,\Theta(1-x).
\end{equation}
It provides an optimal choice within the approximation scheme which will be employed below \cite{litim2000, *litim2001}.

\subsection{\label{sec:lpa}Local potential approximation for the matrix  model}
The following analysis draws on the truncated effective average action $\Gamma_k$, where only the effective potential carries a scale dependence, that is, the leading-order approximation of the derivative expansion
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:lpa}
    \Gamma_k = \int d^d x \left[  \tr({\bm \nabla}\Phi^{\dag} {\bm \nabla}\Phi) + U_k(\Phi,\Phi^{\dag}) \right].
\end{equation}
The advantage gained by truncation is that the functional flow \cref{eq:weq} is brought into equations amenable to subsequent analytical/numerical evaluation. The effective potential $U_k(\Phi, \Phi^{\dag})$ is an arbitrary function which preserves the $\mathrm{U}(n)$ symmetry of the theory and thus depends on fields through the respective group invariants. Insertion of the anzats \cref{eq:lpa} into \cref{eq:weq} finally gives the flow equation for the potential $U_k(\Phi, \Phi^{\dag})$. The derived flow is then integrated down in scale starting from some short distance scale $\Lambda$, and one obtains the thermodynamic potential $U_{k \to 0}(\Phi, \Phi^{\dag})$ that encompasses all the macroscopic properties of the system. The initial condition -- the ultra-violet value $U_{\Lambda}(\Phi, \Phi^{\dag})$ -- can be read off directly from the GL action \cref{eq:GL}, this yields the quartic potential parameterized by two coupling constants and the mass term. In the spontaneously broken state the potential can be cast in the form
\begin{equation}
    \label{uvpotential}
    U_{\Lambda}(\Phi, \Phi^{\dag}) = - m_{\Lambda}^2 \, \rho_1 + \frac{g_{1 \Lambda}}{2} \, \rho_1^2 + g_{2\Lambda} \, \rho_2, \quad m_{\Lambda}^2 > 0,
\end{equation}
where the constants $m_{\Lambda}^2, \,g_{1 \Lambda}, \,g_{2 \Lambda}$ are  identified with the appropriate combinations of the bare parameters $g_{01}, g_{02}$. The group invariants we use here are defined as
\begin{equation}
\rho_1 = \tr(\Phi^{\dag}\Phi), \quad \rho_a = \tr\Bigl(\Phi^{\dag}\Phi- \frac{\rho_1}{n}\Bigr)^a, \quad a \geq 2.
\end{equation}
For any matrix field of a given size $n$ there is a finite set of
independent invariants, this can be straightforwardly inferred from the Cayley–Hamilton theorem. We are interested in the case of the symmetry breaking resulting in the appearance of the vacuum expectation value \cref{vacuum1} in which there is the only non-zero invariant $\rho_1$, while the other ones vanish; thus, around this configuration the running potential $U_k(\Phi,\Phi^{\dag})$ can be represented in the form of an expansion in small  high order invariants $\rho_n$ with coefficients being functions of $\rho_1$. In this study we use the following approximate expression
\begin{equation}\label{eq:fulpotential}
U_k(\Phi, \Phi^{\dag}) \approx \V_k(\rho_1) + \W_k(\rho_1) \, \rho_2.
\end{equation}
Information on the phase transition behavior we consider is certainly contained in the first term $\V_k(\rho_1)$, however the respective flow is not closed and incorporates the next coefficient $\W_k(\rho_1)$, the flow equation of which must be deduced as well. To do so, we extend the vacuum expectation value \cref{vacuum1} in the orthogonal direction  $t_2$
\begin{equation}
t_2   = \begin{pmatrix}
0 & 1 & 0 &  \dots & 0 \\
-1 & 0 & 0 & \dots & 0 \\
0& 0& 0&  \dots & 0 \\
\dots & \dots & \dots & \dots & 0 \\
0 & 0 & 0& \dots & 0
\end{pmatrix},
\end{equation}
with an infinitesimal magnitude $\phi_2 \to 0$, that is
$\langle \Phi \rangle = \phi_1 t_1 + \phi_2 t_2$, and obtain both nonvanishing invariants $\rho_1 = n \, \phi_1^2 + 2 \,\phi_2^2$ and $\rho_2 = 4\,\phi_1^2 \,\phi_2^2 + o(\phi_2^2)$. The next step is to calculate the Hessian $\Gamma^{(2)}_k$ (see Appendix~\ref{sec:mass} for a detailed calculation of the mass spectrum) in the extended background and expand both side of the total flow equation \cref{eq:weq} in $\rho_2$. Eventually, if we follow this line, we arrive at the RG flow
\begin{widetext}
\begin{subequations}
\label{eq:rgeq}
\begin{align}
 \partial_k  \V_k(\rho_1) = \, & C_d\,  k^{d+1} \left\{  \frac{1}{k^2+\V_k' + 2 \rho_1 \V_k''}  + \frac{(n+1)(n-2)/2}{k^2+\V_k' + 4 \rho_1 \W_k/n} + \frac{n (n-1)/2}{k^2+\V_k'}  \right\},\\[1ex]  \nonumber
  \partial_k  \W_k(\rho_1) = \, & C_d\,  k^{d+1} \left\{ \frac{(n-2) \W_k^2}{(k^2+\V_k')^3} +
 \frac{9 (n+2)(n-4) \W_k^2}{n (k^2+\V_k' + 4 \rho_1 \W_k/n)^3}  - \frac{n (n \W_k + 2 (n-1) \rho_1 \W_k')}{
 4 \rho_1 (k^2+\V_k')^2}    \right. \label{eq:rgeq2}  \\[1ex]
  &-\frac{1}{(k^2+\V_k' + 2 \rho_1 \V_k'')^2} \left(2\,{ \W''_k}\,\rho_{{1}}+5\,{ \W_k'}+{\frac {\W_k}{\rho_{{1}}}} -\frac {n \V_k''}{2 \rho_{1}}+\,\frac { \left( n{\V_k''}+4\,{\W_k'}\,\rho_{{1}}+4\,\W_k \right) ^{2}}{ 2 \rho_{1} \left( n
{\V_k''}-2\,\W_k \right)}  \right) \\[1ex]  \nonumber
&+ \left. \frac{1}{(k^2+\V_k' + 4 \rho_1 \W_k/n)^2}  \left(
\frac{n^2+4}{4 \rho_1}\,{ \W_k}-\frac{n^2+6}{2}\,{ \W_k'} -\frac {n \V_k''}{2 \rho_{1}}+\,\frac { \left( n{\V_k''}+4\,{\W_k'}\,\rho_{{1}}+4\,\W_k \right) ^{2}}{ 2 \rho_{1} \left( n
{\V_k''}-2\,\W_k \right)} \right)\right\}.
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
\end{widetext}
    The present system is a central algebraic result obtained for the optimized IR regulator. The seemingly singular terms $\sim 1/\rho_1$ in \cref{eq:rgeq2} cancel each other out, so the total flow is continuous at the origin $\rho_1=0$.  Also, note that in the case $n=2$ the system decouples into two independent equations. The first one describes the evolution of the $O(2)$ symmetric potential, which approaches the fixed point, and the physical system tends to build up all sorts of singular scales with the available set of critical exponents \cite{kompaniets2017, batkovich2016, dePolsi2020,balog2019}. The analytical form of the flow enables one to compare the FRG findings with the presently known perturbative results.

\section{\label{sec:sol}Numerical analysis}

\subsection{\label{sec:gelmann}Flow in a set of polynomials}

\begin{figure*}[t!]
\includegraphics[width=0.32\textwidth]{g0.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.32\textwidth]{g006.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.32\textwidth]{g015.pdf}
\caption{\label{fig:phase} The RG flow in $(m^2, \,g_1)$-plane for a set of $g_{2\Lambda}$ values and $n=4$. The magnitude $g_{2\Lambda}$ is presented in units of $\Lambda$. }
\end{figure*}

To check the consistency of the derived equation with the $\varepsilon$-expansion, we need to expand functions $\vv_k, \ww_k$ as segments of a Taylor series in $\rho_1$ around a point $\rho_0$. There are several different ways how to realize an appropriate truncation scheme depending on the choices of $\rho_0$ point: $\rho_0=0$ -- expansion above a phase transition; $\rho_0=\rho_0(k)$ -- expansion over running minimum of the potential $\vv_k$ and  $\rho_0=\const$ -- expansion over a shifted from the origin point that is the minima of the infrared potential $\vv_{k=0}$, which is however unknown apriori, therefore the magnitude $\rho_0$ can be tuned to attain the better convergence of the expansion \cite{Aoki1998}. Here we confine ourselves with the first case enough to derive one-loop results within the $\varepsilon$-expansion; thus we set
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:potentials}
\begin{split}
     &\V_k(\rho_1) =\V_k(0) + m_k^2 \, \rho_1 + \frac{g_{1 k}}{2!}\, \rho_1^2, \\[1ex]
     &\W_k(\rho_1) = g_{2 k}.
\end{split}
\end{equation}
Substituting this expansions into the system \cref{eq:rgeq} and equating the successive coefficients of the powers of $\rho_1$, we obtain the system

\begin{widetext}
\begin{subequations}
\label{eq:gellmann}
\begin{align}
    \partial_k g_{1 k} &=   A_3 \left\{ 2 \, \left(1-\frac{1}{n}+\frac{8}{n^2}\right) \, g_{1 k}^2 +8\,  \left(1-\frac{1}{n}-\frac{2}{n^2}\right)  \left(  \,g_{1 k} \,g_{2 k}+2 \, g_{2 k}^2\right) \right\},\label{eq:g1}\\
    \partial_k g_{2 k} & =   A_3 \left\{  4\, \left(2 -\frac{5}{n}-\frac{12}{n^2}\right) \, g_{2 k}^2 + \frac{24}{n^2} \,g_{1 k} \,g_{2 k}  \right\},\label{eq:g2}\\
    \partial_k m_k^2 &=  - A_2 \left\{ \left(1-\frac{1}{n}+\frac{2}{n^2}\right) \, g_{1 k} +2\,\left(1-\frac{1}{n}-\frac{2}{n^2}\right) \, g_{2 k} \right\},\label{eq:m}
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
\end{widetext}
where $A_s \equiv  C_d\,  k^{d+1}/(k^2+m_k^2)^s $. Introducing the dimensionless charges $g_{1, 2} = g_{1, 2}(t)$ and $m = m(t)$, according to $g_{1, 2 \, k} = g_{1, 2} \,k^{4-d}$ and
$m_k^2 = k^2 m^2 $, where the RG time $t =  \ln(k/\Lambda)$, we obtain exactly the same $\beta$-functions as in \cite{kalagov2016, bednyakov2021} formed by keeping only the leading term in $\varepsilon = d - 4$ and defined as $\beta_{1, 2} = \partial g_{1, 2}/\partial  t$ \footnote{To obtain the same expressions one needs to perform additional change of variables $g_1 \to 4 \pi^2 \, (g_1 + g_2/n)$, $g_2 \to  2 \pi^2 g_2$, and omit $m^2$ term in denominators of $A_s$. }.

The picture \cref{fig:phase} demonstrates distinct 2D phase portraits of the RG flow \cref{eq:gellmann} for different choices of the $g_{2 \Lambda}$ magnitude. For the simplest case $g_{2 \Lambda} = 0$  the
equation \cref{eq:g2} exhibits only the trivial solution $g_{2 k} = 0$ and consequently the system possesses a global $O(n^2 - n)$ symmetry.  This can be straightforwardly inferred by expansion of $\Phi$ field  in terms of the generators $SO(n)$ with $n^2 - n$ real coefficients, taking into account the absence of  $\tr(\Phi^{\dag}\Phi \Phi^{\dag}\Phi)$ vertex on all scales. The respective figure depicts the familiar behavior of the RG flow in the vicinity of two fixed points. One of them is infrared attractive and gives rise to anomalous scaling of correlation functions and thermodynamic quantities. The effect from a finite value of $g_{2 \Lambda}$  is to considerably destroy this flow pattern. No physically meaningful stable fixed point has been found. The same picture was obtained by the authors \cite{komarova2013} who to our knowledge were the first to point out this feature exploited in the context of multicomponent fermions through the one-loop renormalization group calculation within the $\varepsilon$-expansion. Subsequently, the perturbative analysis has been extended up to  the five-loop approximation in \cite{kalagov2016}. Recently in \cite{Nalimov2020}, the convergent (unlike the $\varepsilon$-expansion) perturbative scheme has been proposed to overcome paradigmatic difficulty associated with the factorial growth of expansion coefficients. A conclusion to be drawn from these works is that the  flow pattern is robust against higher order contributions. Although in \cite{bednyakov2021} the six-loop $\beta$-functions were published for the general matrix $\phi^4$-type models, there seems no doubt that new corrections cannot in any way alter the already elucidated perturbative picture. A common, if somewhat inaccurate,  interpretation for this state of affairs, specialized to the cases of scaling phenomenon, is that the system does not undergo a continuous phase transition, while it may (and usually does) manifest the first-order phase transition behavior. The presented in \cref{fig:phase} pattern shows that for strong enough $g_{2 \Lambda}$  even a system with $g_1$ initially positive, i.e. it is in a physical region, may eventually flow towards the ``unphysical'' one where $g_1 < 0$; thus the potential is unstable and, in the absence of the sextic term $\rho_1^3$, does not describe a physical system. The corresponding flow for higher order monomials in \cref{eq:potentials} can be easily obtained from the general system \cref{eq:rgeq}, and it is not present in this manuscript, we will instead carry out a global analysis of the system  \cref{eq:rgeq} as a whole in the section below.

Note that in \cite{kalagov2016} sextic vertices like $(\Phi^{\dag}\Phi)^3$
have been directly incorporated into the bare action \cref{eq:GL}. From the renormalization theory perspective, these terms generate an infinite set of ultraviolet divergent diagrams which cannot be treated within the consistent iterative subtraction scheme. Therefore, they were considered to be composite operators in the course of analysis, namely Green functions with the only insertion of the sextic vertices were renormalized. The justification for doing so rests explicitly on the assumption that the respective coupling constants remain small in the infrared region.  The  renormalization group functions for sextic composite operators can be extracted from \cref{eq:rgeq} except for one of them $\tr(\Phi^{\dag}\Phi)^3$ which requires the $\rho_3$ invariant to be involved in the approximation \cref{eq:fulpotential}. It turns out, not surprisingly with hindsight, that the similar situation arose in the work devoted to the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry of QCD \cite{Fejos2015}. It has been shown numerically by solution of the flow in $\rho_3$ direction that it does not even get any observable change of the final results. Thus, there is a sensible reason to believe that the truncation \cref{eq:fulpotential} is quite appropriate here. To conclude this section, it is necessary to stress that the above picture is qualitatively valid for all even values $n > 2$.

\subsection{\label{sec:global}Global flow}
\begin{figure*}[t!]
\includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{flow_k.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{flow_wk.pdf}
\caption{\label{fig:evolution}The RG flow \cref{eq:rgeq} moves out from the origin $\vv_{\Lambda}, \ww_{\Lambda}$ towards the infra-red as the scale $k$ decreases at the critical value $m^2_\Lambda = m^2_c$. The graphs are depicted in units of $\varphi_0$ for $n=4$. The straight red line refers to the infra-red potentials obtained from the flow stopped at the scale $k \approx 0.05 \Lambda$. The quantity $\ww_k$ starting from a constant at $k = \Lambda$ develops a nontrivial shape. }

\end{figure*}
To obtain the global solution of the system \cref{eq:rgeq}, the functions $\vv_k$ and $\ww_k$ were stored on the Chebyshev-Lobatto grid within the pseudo-spectral approach (which is set out in the Appendix~\ref{sec:numer}). To propagate the solution between scales $k$ and $k + \Delta k$ one employs the adaptive Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme ensuring stabilization of the numerical procedure. Note, there is a rich variety of other numerical schemes, among them a promising role is played by toolbox of numerical fluid dynamics. For instance, the discontinuous Galerkin method allows access to non-analyticities  (akin, for example, to shock waves in fluids) in the solution, which are intrinsic to issues of phase transitions. A comprehensive and detail discussion of this subject applying it to zero-dimensional field models can be found in \cite{Wink2021}.

The endemic characteristic of the Legendre transformation is convexity of the full effective action $\Gamma$, or the free energy $\vv(\varphi)$ in a uniform system we are handling. In the thermodynamic limit it may become not strictly convex and hence has a plateau in its shape, where the nontrivial solution of the state equation $\partial \vv(\varphi) /\partial \varphi = 0$ is degenerate because any value of $\varphi$ in this flat segment  $|\varphi| \leq \varphi_0$  obeys the state equation, while  the endpoints $\pm \varphi_0$  determine the finite superfluid density. This picture is not exactly fulfilled under the circumstances most often met in real computations based on diverse truncations, but improving the accuracy of the approximation scheme actually reinforces the tendency to flattening of the inner region  $|\varphi| \leq \varphi_0$. The coarse-grained free energy $\vv_k(\varphi)$, however, is not the Legendre transformation and does not therefore inherit convexity for a nonzero value of $k$.
It also can roughly be considered as being associated with  a system confined in a box of finite size $\sim 1/k$, thus no singularity emerges in the free energy.

\begin{figure}[t!]
\includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{ir.pdf}
\caption{Thermodynamics potential above (dashed line) and below (dotted line) first-order phase transition for $n=4$.}
\label{fig:ir}
\end{figure}

To find how the potential acquires a new non trivial minimum and under what conditions the solution $\varphi_0$ does correspond to stable phase, the RG flow should be terminated at some infrared scale $k_{IR}$ determined by the specific problem under consideration. We set $k_{IR} = 0.05 \,\Lambda$, the deeper scale $k < k_{IR}$ leads to nothing but false precision. In the case of present interest, that of a discontinuous phase transition, we will immediately
restrict our search for the stable state defined by the conventional conditions: $\partial \vv /\partial \varphi|_{\varphi = \varphi_0} = 0$, $ \vv(0) = \vv(\varphi_0) $ and finally $\partial^2 \vv /\partial \varphi^ 2|_{\varphi = \varphi_0} > 0$, where $V$ denotes the infrared potential $V_{k = k_{IR}}$. The ultimate shape of the potential $V$ certainly depends on the values of the ultra-violet parameters $m^2_{\Lambda}$, $g_{1 \Lambda}$, and $g_{2 \Lambda}$. Among them, for continuous phase transitions, the relevant parameter $m^2_{\Lambda}$ is considered to be the measure of distance to the phase transition or critical point, while the specific values of $g_{1 \Lambda}$ and $g_{2 \Lambda}$ are usually unimportant. However, the charge $g_{2 \Lambda}$  acts now as a factor that drives the first-order phase transition, the evolution of which  is shown in  \cref{fig:evolution}. Along with the emergence of the double-well structure of the potential $\vv$, the next invariant expansion coefficient $\ww$, being a constant in the ultraviolet scale, starts to develop a nontrivial shape. For a given $g_{1 \Lambda}$ and $g_{2 \Lambda}$ parameters, one can find the system in ordered or disordered phases depending on the specific value of $m^2_{\Lambda}$, as shown in \cref{fig:ir}. The value of the order parameter gap at the phase transition point $m^2_c$ is defined more by the magnitude of $g_{2 \Lambda}$, see \cref{fig:phi0}, and one can distinctly identify weak $g_{2 \Lambda}/\Lambda < 1$ and strong $g_{2 \Lambda}/\Lambda \gg 1$ regimes. In the former case, the jump is small enough and the first-order transition picture becomes less visible. As we decrease $g_{2 \Lambda}$ to zero, the value of the order parameter decreases and eventually tends to zero at a second-order phase transition. In contrast, the strong regime is characterized by a plateau, where the finite jump $\varphi_0$ ceases to depend on the specific amplitude of $g_{2 \Lambda}$. We also analyzed the phase transition value  $m^2_c$ as a function of coupling constants, \cref{fig:mc}. This quantity as a rule is not universal, but in the weak regime where $g_{2 \Lambda} < g_{1 \Lambda}$ the respective curve  reveals a small constant slope, which does not depend on the given value of  $g_{1 \Lambda}$ and, in this sense, the behavior of the physical system can be considered to be pseudo-universal.

\begin{figure}[t!]
\includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{phi0.pdf}
\caption{Finite jump in the order parameter at the phase transition point $m^2_c$ for $n=4$.  For large magnitudes of $g_{2 \Lambda}$ the system settles down to the strong first-order transition which is specified by the  jump plateaus.}
\label{fig:phi0}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[t!]
\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{mc.pdf}
\caption{The critical value of the ultraviolet parameter $m^2_\Lambda$ at which the first-order transition takes place for $n=4$. In the weak first-order transition regime the curves are linear  with the same slope.}
\label{fig:mc}
\end{figure}

\section{\label{sec:end}Conclusions}
In this work, we have discussed possible phase transitions in matrix field model in the context of $3D$ superfluidity in multicomponent $SU(n)$ Fermi system. To this end, we have computed a full thermodynamic potential within the local potential approximation of the functional renormalization group approach. This allows us to find that, although a tree-approximation for the potential predicts a continuous phase transition to superfluid phase, fluctuations captured by RG induce a discontinuous phase transition in a system with $n>2$ spin degrees of freedom per a particle. In a vicinity of the upper critical dimension $d = 4 - \varepsilon$ our findings are directly in line with known perturbative renormalization group results achieved within the $\varepsilon$-expansion. Besides the routine relevant parameter, $m^2_\Lambda$ in our notation, the coupling $g_{2\Lambda}$ turns out to be a control variable. It determines the strength of the obtained discontinuous phase transition, which encompasses weak and strong  regimes corresponding to small and large magnitudes of $g_{2\Lambda}$, respectively. In case the ultraviolet bosonic theory is deduced from the original fermionic action, these quantities are evaluated as functions of temperature, chemical potential, and scattering length, and hence can be tuned to bring the system into a particular regime.
Close to the weak transition the jump of the superfluid density is barely discernible. Consequently, the system will apparently manifest continuous behavior in experimental reality, while a non-universal nature of the firs-order transition becomes more pronounced in the strong regime. The generic structure of the established pattern persists for all $n>2$ up to the limit $n \to \infty$, where the flow equations turn into those explored previously in \cite{kalagov2020}.

We obtained the present findings for the fully bosonised effective action \cref{eq:GL}. Regarding the follow-up application to physics of ultracold multicomponent systems, e.g. BCS-BEC crossover, few-body phenomena, unitary gas, it would be also reasonable to consider a partially bosonised model, where the quartic fermionic interaction was decoupled via the Hubbard-Stratonovich trick, with subsequent simultaneous integration of  fermionic and bosonic modes out within the FRG on the basis of an appropriate truncation for the effective average action \cite{Faigle2021,Boettcher2012,Diehl2010,Roscher2015}.
There is also a room to improve on the numerical computational techniques using the aforementioned discontinuous methods. The performed analysis can be surely extended to these issues, and it therefore provides an avenue for forthcoming theoretical revealing the relationship between large spin degrees of freedom and superfluidity/superconductivity in a fermionic matter.

\begin{acknowledgments}
We thank Jan M. Pawlowski for thoughtful discussions of the FRG machinery. Georgii Kalagov was supported by the Foundation for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics
and Mathematics ``BASIS''. Michal Hnati\v{c} was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic(VEGA Grant No. 1/0535/21).

\end{acknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Cantharidella tiberiana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Description
The size of the shell varies between 4 mm and 9 mm.
The imperforate, rather thin shell has a conical shape. It is olivaceous with nacreous reflections. It is ornamented with flexuous longitudinal grayish streaks. The spire is moderately elevated. The suture is impressed. The 5½ to 6 whorls are subplanate with the body whorl obtusely angulated.  The base of the shell is obsoletely striated and covered with spots of grayish-white. The aperture is oblique, quadrate, inside white and nacreous. The columella is somewhat expanded. The outer lip is simple and acute.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania,

References

 Adams, A. & Angas, G.F. 1864. Descriptions of new species of shells, chiefly from Australia in the collection of Mr Angas. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864: 35-40
 Angas, G.F. 1865. On the marine molluscan fauna of the Province of South Australia, with a list of all the species known up to the present time, together with remarks on their habitats and distribution, etc. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1865: 155-"180"
 Angas, G.F. 1867. A list of species of marine Mollusca found in Port Jackson harbour, New South Wales and on the adjacent coasts, with notes on their habits etc. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867: 185–233, 912-935
 Tenison-Woods, J.E. 1878. On some new marine Mollusca. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 14: 55-65
 Fischer, P. 1879. Genres Calcar, Trochus, Xenophora, Tectarius et Risella. 337-463, 120 pls in Keiner, L.C. (ed.). Spécies general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes. Paris : J.B. Baillière Vol. 3
 Tenison-Woods, J.E. 1879. Census; with brief descriptions of the marine shells of Tasmania and the adjacent islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1877: 26-57
 Whitelegge, T. 1889. List of the Marine and Fresh-Water Invertebrate Fauna of Port Jackson and Neighbourhood. Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 23: 1-161
 Tate, R. 1897. Critical remarks on some Australian Mollusca. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 1897: 40-49
 Tate, R. & May, W.L. 1901. A revised census of the marine Mollusca of Tasmania. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 26(3): 344-471
 Pritchard, G.B. & Gatliff, J.H. 1902. Catalogue of the marine shells of Victoria. Part V. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 14(2): 85-138
 May, W.L 1903. On Tenison-Woods types in the Tasmanian Museum, Hobart. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1902: 106-114
 Hedley, C. 1918. A checklist of the marine fauna of New South Wales. Part 1. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 51: M1-M120
 May, W.L. 1921. A Checklist of the Mollusca of Tasmania. Hobart, Tasmania : Government Printer 114 pp.
 May, W.L. 1923. An Illustrated Index of Tasmanian Shells. Hobart : Government Printer 100 pp.
 Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F. 1962. A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 11: 1-109
 Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J. 1962. Marine Molluscs of Victoria. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press & National Museum of Victoria 475 pp
 Macpherson, J.H. 1966. Port Philip Survey 1957-1963. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, Melbourne 27: 201-288
 Phillips, D.A.B., Handreck, C., Bock, P.E., Burn, R., Smith, B.J. & Staples, D.A. (eds) 1984. Coastal Invertebrates of Victoria: an atlas of selected species. Melbourne : Marine Research Group of Victoria & Museum of Victoria 168 pp.
 Wilson, B. 1993. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, Western Australia : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 1 408 pp.

External links
 To World Register of Marine Species

tiberiana
Gastropods of Australia
Gastropods described in 1863

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In a persistent drizzle on 17 January, a group of protesters swathed in green ponchos unfurled tarps and sleeping bags on the sidewalk in front of Goldman Sachs high-rise building on the West Side highway in New York City. A few of them wore handmade swamp creature masks; others bore signs with the swamp creatures on them. A light-board sign declared the bank Government Sachs.
The protest was the beginning of a multi-day camp-out aiming to stay on the sidewalk outside the investment bank until the inauguration of Donald Trump, and to bring people affected by the banks policies to the doorstep of some of the worlds richest people some of whom will belong to the Trump administration.
Its about highlighting the lie that was told to millions of people in this country, the lie that Trump was draining the swamp. If we really want the swamp to be drained, we have to do it ourselves and were doing it by going to Goldman Sachs, says Nelini Stamp of the Working Families party.
As the crowd of about 100 people set up camp, the police erected barricades around them but mostly held off as the crowd moved from chanting The swamp is getting deeper! The swamp is Goldman Sachs! to a series of speak-outs from the crowd about the banks connection to payday lending, the economic crisis in Puerto Rico, foreclosures and more.
For Jean Sassine, who lost his job and nearly lost his home during the 2008 financial crisis, fighting the influence of the big banks in Washington is personal. He became a member of community organization New York Communities for Change (NYCC) six years ago as a way to fight back, and for him the Goldman action means trying to wake people up that these are the people who were part of the big crisis in 2008, that Steven Mnuchin was called Mr Foreclosure at OneWest and Goldman Sachs. Do you want Mr Foreclosure to be secretary of the treasury?
The organizers targeted Goldman Sachs because, as Stamp explains, the bank is a pipeline to government. Through Democratic and Republican administrations, she notes, Goldman Sachs in particular has fed its bankers into high-ranking government positions if Mnuchin is confirmed as treasury secretary, Trump will be the third of the past four presidents to have hired for that job from Goldmans ranks. To Stamp, particularly in the post-financial crisis era, this means the bank is being rewarded for its involvement in subprime mortgages and the financial instruments created to profit from them.
On that front, says Renata Pumerol of NYCC, it is important to confront the power brokers directly as well as the elected officials who work with them. Calling them Government Sachs is a way to highlight the level to which they have captured Washington and influence policy that benefits themselves.
As for the occupation itself, the tactic obviously brings echoes of Occupy Wall Street, but Pumerol says that this demonstration differs in its specific demands to halt the appointment of Mnuchin as well as fellow Goldmanites Gary Cohn, Anthony Scaramucci, Dina Powell and Steve Bannon. Also, she notes, this action is led by people of color and people who have been directly affected by Goldmans actions.
Its an interesting circle of life for someone like myself, who was involved with Occupy, Stamp adds, to see this fake crony populism of draining the swamp while the swamp is actually continuing to be filled.
For many of the people involved in the Government Sachs action, it seemed obvious that Trumps promises to drain the swamp were less than genuine. But for Richard Robinson, they resonated and led him to vote for the president-elect.
The 60-year-old veteran and truck driver from Utah lives on social security after a work accident nearly killed him and pushed him into medical retirement. Out of work, he says, he found himself sitting at home feeling worthless, didnt feel like I was accomplishing anything. A friend suggested he get a hobby, and, he laughs: I became an activist, I guess.
Robinson lives in a manufactured home community, and through forming a group called MH Action to deal with the issues that he and his neighbors faced, he began to get in touch with other people working on similar issues around the country.
Robinsons community is owned by a multistate corporation that also owns apartment complexes in New York and Chicago, which helped him get in touch with NYCC. These companies are buying communities, buying apartment complexes and their business model is not acceptable to me. Its to raise rents as quickly as possible and decrease maintenance of the communities, and thats not a good business model for America, he says.
His vote for Trump, he says, was based on the assumption that because the president-elect was not a career politician, maybe things would be run differently in Washington. But the number of Wall Streeters and ultra-wealthy in the administration has him frustrated, and brought him to New York in protest. He actually hit Hillary Clinton over meeting behind closed doors with [Goldman Sachs] and now I believe he was meeting with them at the same time. Hes appointed them so quickly that Ive got to believe at the same time he was campaigning hard on Hillary Clinton for meeting with them behind closed doors, I believe he was doing the same thing.
That bipartisan relationship, and the bipartisan anger at the power of finance, is what makes it so important to target the banks and lay groundwork for white working-class communities to come together with communities of color to fight, Pumerol says. Adds Sassine: It is clear that they are ready to raid the American people as opposed to benefiting. Government is supposed to be for the benefit of the people, whether you believe in small government, big government, its supposed to be for the benefit of the people.
Goldmans tendency to wield outsize behind-the-scenes influence is part of the reason for the action, Pumerol says. People tend to think of the bank that they interact with daily, but Goldman, famously deemed the vampire squid by Matt Taibbi, has incredible reach.
That reach has long extended right up to the presidency, Prins notes. In the wake of the Great Depression, Sidney Weinberg, the then head of Goldman, reinvented himself as an ally to Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Even as Roosevelt railed that government by organized money is just as dangerous as government by organized mob, Weinberg helped raise money to put him in the White House.
Goldman Sachs wasnt the only bank to have a close relationship with government, but its closeness with the halls of power stands out from FDR through to Bill Clinton, who took Robert Rubin to run the treasury, and George W Bush, who picked Hank Paulsen as his treasury secretary, a man widely criticized for handing bailout dollars to his cronies after the 2008 crash.
Alexis Goldstein, senior policy analyst at Americans for Financial Reform and a former Wall Streeter, notes that Goldmans reputation for being elite even among other big investment banks adds to its power. In some ways that aligns with Trump; the idea of Trump being the best is much more about smoke and mirrors, but there is a parallel about Im the strongest, Im the best, Im the top dog.
But beyond the idea of eliteness, Prins notes, the very nature of Washington has ensured a symbiotic relationship. Its a place, as is Wall Street, where people rely on their connections. If youre already there, you can reach out to the next generation or your colleague and bring them in. It feeds on itself.
And so conservatives have criticized Trumps choice of Mnuchin, who has donated to Democrats in the past and who Goldstein calls a bankers banker, noting that he is second-generation Goldman Sachs. Both Mnuchin and Gary Cohn, Prins points out, have a long history at Goldman, rising through its ranks and thriving in its high-pressure, high-risk culture. Those two are just examples of that particular element, running trading desks, working on complex products and securities, squeezing out the juice of financial instruments and taking big bets.
On the other hand, Goldstein notes, Steve Bannon, who didnt last long at Goldman before leaving to, among other things, run Breitbart News, represents a different thread. His rhetoric and the racism and white supremacy perpetuated by Breitbart is the kind of thing that Wall Street is very invested in maintaining that it is against, she says. The banks, she says, like to tout their diversity and welcoming nature and philanthropy, but anyone who signs up with the Trump administration is more interested in power and money than justice and equality.
There is no bigger sign of that than the impact of the foreclosure crisis, the gutting of public services of Jefferson County, Alabama, and other such dealings. Early in 2016, Goldman finally agreed to a $5bn settlement for fraudulently creating and selling mortgage-backed securities (a settlement that probably amounts to much, much less than advertised), but less than a year later, as Stamp notes, its second-in-command is headed to advise the new president.
All of this leads Sassine of NYCC to be incredibly suspicious. Goldman, he notes, owns the mortgage on one of Trumps NYC buildings. How serious is the president going to be against his landlord? Sassine asks.
The encampment at Goldman Sachs is connected to a larger effort, one that extends across the country. The Working Families party has put out calls for action every Tuesday, meant to challenge the Trump administration and also to pressure Democratic elected officials to stand up to Trump. The previous Tuesday saw protesters outside the Senate minority leader Chuck Schumers Brooklyn home to demand he whip votes against Jeff Sessions, Trumps nominee for attorney general. In Nevada, activists went to Senator Dean Hellers office with a similar demand.
Richard Robinson is particularly concerned that the financiers in Trumps administration will aim to privatize the social security he depends on. We should be strengthening the social security system within the government as it is, by increasing the taxes of corporate America and doing away with the [tax] cap, not turning it over to Wall Street and private industry thats not a good system, he says. To that end, and to strengthen his MH Action group, he is looking forward to learning from the New York action.
Goldstein points out that the wave of action around Trumps election is just the latest in recent years, building off the momentum of other mass demonstrations. I think the challenge moving forward is intake and absorption of all the people that are wondering: what should we do now? Courage is contagious, organizing is empowering, there was something about that particular alchemy that was powerful for me, as a participant in Occupy.
Pumerol agrees, noting that the movements have got to step up in a more militant fashion in the next four years. When I heard camping out, I said: Oh dear God, camping out in the middle of January but thats what it takes.
Sassine has a list of demands for the Trump administration to make him believe in their populism.
When they put out a plan for a moratorium on foreclosures, when [the Department of Housing and Urban Development] stops selling my communities out wholesale, hundreds of mortgages at a time, when they put forth a living wage plan out, then theyll start convincing me.