Mutations in the titin gene (TTN) cause a large spectrum of diseases affecting skeletal and/or cardiac muscle. TTN includes 363 coding exons, a repeated region with a high degree of complexity, isoform-specific elements, and metatranscript-only exons thought to be expressed only during fetal development. Although three main classes of isoforms have been described so far, alternative splicing events (ASEs) in different tissues or in different developmental and physiological states have been reported.
To achieve a comprehensive view of titin ASEs in adult human skeletal muscles, we performed a RNA-Sequencing experiment on 42 human biopsies collected from 12 anatomically different skeletal muscles of 11 individuals without any skeletal-muscle disorders.
We confirmed that the skeletal muscle N2A isoforms are highly prevalent, but we found an elevated number of alternative splicing events, some at a very high level. These include previously unknown exon skipping events and alternative 5′ and 3′ splice sites. Our data suggests the partial inclusion in the TTN transcript of some metatranscript-only exons and the partial exclusion of canonical N2A exons.
This study provides an extensive picture of the complex TTN splicing pattern in human adult skeletal muscle, which is crucial for a proper clinical interpretation of TTN variants.
The TTN gene encodes titin, a muscle protein spanning from the Z-disk to the M-band within the sarcomere. The genomic structure of TTN is quite remarkable. It contains 364 exons (363 coding exons plus the first non-coding exon) and can theoretically generate more than one million splice variants [1, 2]. It also has a large repeated region with a high degree of complexity .
Titin isoforms have traditionally been classified in three main categories based on the presence of the N2A and N2B elements within the I-band region [3–5]. N2A isoforms (mainly expressed in the skeletal muscles) contain the N2A element, but not the cardiac-specific N2B element. On the contrary, N2B isoforms only include the cardiac-specific N2B element. N2BA isoforms, expressed in the heart, include both the N2B and N2A elements. N2A and N2BA isoforms also include additional exons, resulting in a higher number of Ig and PEVK domains in the I-band region.
Two further isoforms, named Novex-1 and Novex-2, are very similar to N2B but each of them includes an isoform-specific exon (exon 45 and exon 46, respectively). Finally, the Novex-3 isoform only contains the N-terminal part of titin due to an alternative stop codon in the Novex-3-specific exon 48.
Interestingly, specific exons included in the inferred complete metatranscript (NM_001267550.1) and referred to as metatranscript-only or meta-only exons are thought to be expressed only during embryonic development. Thereafter, they are not included in the canonical soleus-derived N2A skeletal muscle isoform, or in any of the five cardiac isoforms.
An extensive use of alternative splicing (AS) in different tissues or in different developmental and physiological states has been reported, resulting in a longer or smaller protein . This reflects the global massive use of tissue-specific AS events (ASEs) which have been described in the skeletal muscle [6, 7].
Although the presence of multiple different transcripts originating from TTN gene as consequence of ASEs has been partly suggested by experimental evidence [1, 2, 8], we still lack a clear picture of the global exon usage and of the subsequent splicing profile of TTN muscular transcripts.
The introduction of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) methods has enabled a comprehensive study of the transcriptome . Although early work focused on gene-expression analyses, RNA-Seq is a powerful tool for the identification and the study of alternative exon and splice site usage and of novel isoforms. It also allows an accurate quantification of relative transcript abundances [6, 10].
In this study, we analyzed RNA sequencing data of human adult skeletal muscle tissues to obtain a comprehensive view of titin ASEs. This is crucial for a proper clinical interpretation of TTN variants that have been associated with a wide spectrum of human diseases and for an improved genotype-phenotype correlation [11–16].
Data was generated using 42 human skeletal muscle samples dissected from 12 anatomically different skeletal muscles (tibialis anterior, flexor hallucis longus, soleus, extensor digitorum longus, gracilis, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, sartorius, biceps femoris, adductor magnus) collected from 11 adult individuals (7 males and 4 females) who had undergone above or below-the-knee amputation surgery for medical reasons other than neuromuscular disorders (Additional file 1:Table S1). A written informed consent was signed by all the patients and the Tampere University Hospital (Tampere, Finland) Ethics Committee approved the study.
The samples (5 × 5 mm of size) were processed immediately after their removal to avoid tissue degradation as previously described . Total RNA was extracted from the selected samples by the TRIzol reagent method, according to the manufacturer's instructions (Invitrogen, Life Technologies, Canada). RNA quality was checked with BioAnalyzer equipment using the RNA 6000 Nano Assay kit (Agilent Technologies, CA, USA).
Indexed sequencing libraries were generated from 1 μg of total RNA, using the TruSeq Stranded Total RNA kit according to the manufacturer's instructions (Illumina, CA, USA). Single-end sequencing (86 bp reads) of multiplex libraries was performed on NextSeq500 instrument. Raw reads were mapped against the hg19 human reference genome using TopHat2 . TopHat was also used for detecting and counting exon junctions. Alternative splice sites were evaluated using Human Splicing Finder (HSF) program .
For each exon, the inclusion rate was calculated as [(I/2)/[(I/2) + E], where I is the number of reads supporting the exon inclusion (all junctions going into and exiting the exon) and E is the number of reads supporting its exclusion.
For experimental validation of RNA-Seq results, cDNA synthesis was performed using SuperScript III First-Strand Synthesis System (Thermo Scientific, USA). RT-PCRs were performed using 1 μl of cDNA and a DreamTaq™ DNA Polymerase (Thermo Scientific). Primers were designed with Primer3 software (sequences available upon request). Amplified products were separated on 2% agarose gels and specific electrophoresis bands, corresponding to differently spliced products, were extracted using NucleoSpin Gel and PCR Clean-up (Macherey-Nagel, Germany) and analyzed by Sanger sequencing.
We also evaluated the presence of the ASEs in publicly available total mRNA sequencing data of adult gastrocnemius medialis from the ENCODE project (https://www.encodeproject.org; accession numbers ENCFF219LYV, ENCFF308RYZ, ENCFF569TCU, ENCFF408QZN, and ENCFF064NBB). Junctions were extracted from the available bam-files using regtools (https://github.com/griffithlab/regtools).
Similarly, we analyzed RNA-Seq data from fetal skeletal muscles (accession numbers ENCFF009MKH, ENCFF084FDS, ENCFF121PKV, and ENCFF405BHX), fetal heart (accession numbers ENCFF111DKK, ENCFF686KAP, ENCFF167WVS, and ENCFF174EGJ), and adult heart (accession numbers ENCFF735RZM, ENCFF834OIQ, ENCFF608FZD, and ENCFF621SXE) from ENCODE.
Before focusing on alternative splice events, we analyzed the canonical junctions, which are present in the previously reported isoforms, to evaluate their relative expression in human adult skeletal muscles. As expected, the junction 47–50, uniquely present in the previously identified skeletal long isoform N2A , is detected at very high level in all our samples (Fig. 1a). This confirms that most of the skeletal muscle transcripts belong to this class of isoforms.
We then calculated the number of reads supporting each of the N2A canonical splicing events (Additional file 2: Table S2). Most of the canonical N2A junctions were identified. Interestingly, we noticed a very low number of reads supporting the inclusion of exon 11 (junctions linking exon 10–11 and exon 11–12). Similarly, we did not observe reads connecting exons 183 and 203.
Then, we proceeded to the analysis of the alternative splice events. We identified 4039 unique splicing events, most of them in one or a few samples and supported by a very low number of reads. In order to eliminate the background sequencing noise and/or very weakly expressed transcripts, we applied a stringent quality control (QC)-filtering process, prioritizing only splicing events (n = 498) supported by at least 1000 reads and identified in at least 14 samples. To reduce possible artefacts due to technical issues and obtain a less biased splicing pattern, we analyzed publicly available total mRNA sequencing data of adult gastrocnemius medialis from the ENCODE project. In a very conservative approach, we only focused on splicing events identified in our experimental samples as well as in the publicly available data (> 10 reads in ENCODE data).
After that, we proceeded with a multistep analysis, based on two different categories of splicing events: (1) ASEs involving canonical splice sites (out of the repeated region and within this area) and (2) ASEs involving alternative splicing sites.
We identified 46 unreported exon junctions, involving canonical splice sites out of the repeated region (Table 1). All these 46 ASEs are predicted to maintain the frame. For 23 ASEs, we performed RT-PCR and all confirmed the RNA-Seq results.
We identified three ASEs (10–12; 10–13; 10–14), suggesting the skipping of exon 11. In line with the RNA-Seq results, RT-PCR confirms that exon 11 was poorly expressed in human adult skeletal muscle (Fig. 1b).
Interestingly, 24 unreported junctions span meta-only exons, suggesting their partial inclusion in TTN human adult skeletal muscle transcripts (Table 1 and Fig. 1c).
We identified a high number of reads involving the canonical splice sites of exons included in the repeated area (Additional file 3: Supplementary Material 1, Additional file 4: Table S3 and Additional file 5: Table S4). Well-known bias due to such repetitive regions hampers a comprehensive and accurate study of this region. However, our data suggests the linear expression of consecutive exons within this area. We also identified a number of ASEs linking non-consecutive exons within the repeated elements (Fig. 1d).
We observed the usage of alternative splice sites (acceptors or donors) located next to the canonical sites. Most of these alternative splice sites (16/19) would produce an in-frame insertion or deletion of a few amino acids. The Human Splicing Finder (HSF) program displayed high splice site scores for most of these alternative splice sites, further suggesting their real use in TTN transcripts (Table 2 and Fig. 1e).
Based on the aforementioned splicing events passing our stringent QC filters, we calculated for each of the coding exons showing an alternative splicing, and not included in the repeated region, the number of reads supporting their inclusion or exclusion in TTN transcripts and a subsequent inclusion value (Table 3). It is noteworthy that 13 meta-only exons are expressed but only 7 have an inclusion value higher than 10%. On the other side, most of the canonical N2A exons, reported to be expressed in adult skeletal muscle, have a high inclusion value. Exon 11 as well as exons 155, 156, and 157 have an inclusion value lower than 50%, indicating that they are mostly spliced out.
To evaluate the spatial and temporal expression of exon 11 and of meta-only exons, we examined a subset of publicly available RNA-Seq data from fetal skeletal muscles and fetal and adult hearts (Fig. 2). Interestingly, exon 11 is mostly expressed in fetal and adult hearts. Its expression is very low in adult and fetal skeletal muscles. Exon 148 has a similar expression in fetal and adult muscles, and it is mostly skipped in fetal and adult hearts. On the contrary, meta-only exons 213–217 are almost constitutively expressed in fetal muscles and their expression is halved in adult muscles.
A list of all detected ASEs that did not reach the minimum filtering criteria (i.e., a minimum of 14 out of 42 samples analyzed and at least 1000 supporting reads in total) or were not identified in the publicly available ENCODE data is included in Additional file 6: Table S5.
Recent mRNA-Seq transcriptomic analyses show that most of multi-exonic genes are alternatively spliced [7, 10, 20]. In particular, a vast majority of ASEs are tissue specific , and skeletal muscle seems to be among the tissues showing the highest numbers of tissue-specific ASEs [6, 7, 20].
Considering its 363 coding-exons and its genetic organization, a large number of ASEs were expected and partly reported in TTN transcripts. However, previous data, obtained by using different heterogeneous strategies in a pre-NGS era, did not provide a comprehensive view of the TTN splicing pattern and neither any unbiased repertoire of TTN ASEs in human adult skeletal muscles [1, 2, 8].
In our study, by performing RNA-Seq analysis using 42 adult human skeletal muscle samples, we identified in a reliable way a large number of ASEs, some of them at a very high level.
We detected previously undescribed exon-exon junctions, suggesting novel, unreported skipping events. Exon 11, included in the canonical adult skeletal muscle isoform N2A, is mostly skipped in adult skeletal muscles. On the contrary, most of the so-called metatranscript-only exons are expressed in adult skeletal muscle at a variable level. Moreover, we identified alternative acceptors and donors leading to subtle changes in the produced protein. Although these events need to be experimentally validated, similar ASEs have already been described in other human genes and their functional relevance has been hypothesized [21–23].
With the exception of exon 11, the N-terminal exons, coding for the Z-disk part of titin, are mostly constitutively expressed. Exons 8 to 14 encode for seven copies of a specific domain, named Z-repeat (Zr) . In particular, exon 11 encodes for Z-repeat 4 , and its differential splicing has been previously reported . Sorimachi and colleagues reported that Z-repeats 1, 2, 3, and 7 are expressed in all striated rabbit muscles, whereas the expression of Zr4, 5, 6 (corresponding to exons 11–12 and 13) is dependent on developmental stage and tissue-type . The differential splicing of the titin Z-disk seems to be part of a larger and more complex process able to modulate Z-disk interactions via splicing regulation. The N-terminal Z-disk region of titin binds a number of proteins, including alpha-actinin, nebulin, and filamin C that undergo a similar process of differential splicing [26–28].
As expected, most of the ASEs occur in the I-band region of titin, where a large number of exons are alternatively spliced [3, 4]. It is noteworthy that exon 148, thought to be a meta-only exon, has an inclusion rate comparable to that of its neighboring exons in both adult and fetal skeletal muscles. Moreover, our experimental data as well as publicly available data suggests a significant expression of the meta-only exons 213, 214, 215, 216, and 217 in adult skeletal muscle, although their inclusion is higher in fetal muscles. In the M-band, we identified the previously reported splicing event (skipping of exon 363), producing the so called is7– and is7+ isoforms [29, 30]. In line with previous data, exon 363 is skipped in about 10% of TTN transcripts in human adult skeletal muscle.
As already discussed for the Z-disk splicing events, the regulation of alternative splicing events probably corresponds to modulation of interaction networks. For example, it is well known that the alternatively spliced is7 region, encoded by exon 363, binds the calcium-dependent protease calpain 3 (CAPN3) . On the other hand, the role of the titin, and also nebulin, filament length (as a result of splicing events) on the sarcomere length and its passive elastic properties is still under debate [32–34].
Mutations in the TTN gene cause several different and heterogeneous skeletal muscle disorders with or without cardiac involvement, characterized by a variability in the age of onset, muscle involvement, and disease-course [11, 12, 35]. In addition, truncating mutations (TTNtv) have been associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) [13, 14]. A genotype–phenotype correlation has been observed to some extent [11, 15]. Mutations in metatranscript-only exons have recently been associated with a congenital titinopathy, characterized by arthrogryposis multiplex congenita and severe axial hypotonia as a form of congenital amyoplasia without cardiac involvement . The hypothesis is that metatranscript-only mutations (mostly truncating mutations) specifically and selectively affect developmental isoforms, leading to a prenatal or congenital phenotype with a stable postnatal disease-course or weakness amelioration. On the contrary, proximal truncating mutations in canonical exons expressed on both alleles in adult isoforms lead to a premature truncated protein with nonsense mediated decay and would probably cause fetal death. The pathogenesis of TTNtv-related cardiomyopathies is probably more unclear; their penetrance is markedly reduced and they show a positional effect . In particular, only TTNtv occurring in constitutive exons are significantly associated with DCM .
Deciphering the effective expression pattern of each TTN-exon, including meta-only exons, is crucial for a better understanding of TTN-related disorders. Our data clearly shows a variable expression for most of the meta-only exons (148, 150, 159, 167–171, 213–217), confirming, however, that some of them (160–166) are not expressed at all in human adult skeletal muscles. Our findings suggest the need for a more careful interpretation of the variants identified in a clinical setting.
Here, we provided an accurate inventory of ASEs in human adult skeletal muscles, which suggest the presence of a high number of undescribed isoforms. Moreover, taking into account all the alternative splicing events occurring in TTN, we calculated a reliable inclusion value for titin exons.
Further work remains to be done in order to refine our results. Long-read sequencing technologies, for example, will allow the identification of multiple splicing events along the same molecule, thereby elucidating how the individual splice events here described are connected, and thus confirming the presence of unreported isoforms. Similarly, a larger number of samples from each skeletal muscle type has to be analyzed in order to identify muscle-type specific ASEs or splicing patterns, considering that the current experimental setting has not identified any clear splicing difference among the muscles analyzed (Additional file 7: Table S6).
The exonic usage and the subsequent isoform expression seem to be finely regulated among different developmental and physiological and/or pathological states [2, 17, 37]. A further refinement of TTN expression profiling in different tissues and/or different physiological and pathological states (including regenerating or injured muscles) would be of a great clinical relevance, deepening, for example, our understanding of the role of TTN variants in complex human diseases.
We have identified and partly characterized a large number of alternative splicing events in titin, providing the first RNA-Seq-based, accurate and comprehensive picture of TTN splicing pattern in adult human skeletal muscle. This same approach will probably unveil similar complex splicing patterns for other muscle transcripts.
The authors would like to thank Meharji Arumilli for his advice in the analysis of RNA-Seq data.
This study was supported by Finnish Academy, Juselius Research Foundation, Association Française contre les Myopathies and Orion Research Foundation. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files. Raw data is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
All authors participated in designing all the studies. SH collected skeletal muscles. PHJ, SH, LP, PA, and PH conducted the RNA-sequencing. MS and PHJ analyzed the RNA-sequencing results and performed the experimental validation. MS, PHJ, BU, and PH wrote the manuscript. All authors have been involved with reviewing the manuscript and have approved the final version.
A written informed consent was signed by all the patients and the Tampere University Hospital (Tampere, Finland) Ethics Committee approved the study.
Brinegar AE, Xia Z, Loehr JA, Li W, Rodney GG, Cooper TA. Extensive alternative splicing transitions during postnatal skeletal muscle development are required for calcium handling functions. Elife. 2017;6. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.27192.
Evila A, Palmio J, Vihola A, Savarese M, Tasca G, Penttila S, Lehtinen S, Jonson PH, De Bleecker J, Rainer P, et al. Targeted next-generation sequencing reveals novel TTN mutations causing recessive distal titinopathy. Mol Neurobiol. 2017;54(9):7212–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-016-0242-3.


text:
Q: success/error on Parse.Promise I have written a series of Parse Promises and am now getting error 141 when I make a request to this cloud code function. I have tried placing success: / error: all over the function where I think they belong based on the Parse DOCS.
Request

 {
   "projectDescription": "Testing saveProject",
   "projectTitle": "This is only a test, in the event of a real post this will have an actual description",
   "isEmailEnabled": true,
   "shareEmails": [
     "max@gmail.com",
     "nat@gmail.com",
     "noob@gmail.com"
   ],
   "userId": "sLmOf4fZFL"
 }

  Parse.Cloud.define("saveProject", function(request, response) {

    var emails = request.params.shareEmails;
    var user = request.params.userId;
    var projectDescription = request.params.projectDescription;
    var projectTitle = request.params.projectTitle;
    var emailStatus = request.params.isEmailEnabled;

    var ProjectClass = Parse.Object.extend("Project");

    var EmailsClass = Parse.Object.extend("Email");

    var EmailsClassAssignment = Parse.Object.extend("EmailAssignment");

    var project = new ProjectClass();

    var projectO;

        project.set("title", projectTitle);
        project.set("createdBy", {
                        "__type": "Pointer",
                        "className": "_User",
                        "objectId": user
        });
        project.set("description", projectDescription);
        project.set("status", true);
        project.set("emailShareEnabled", emailStatus);
        project.save().then(function(results) {

            projectO = results;

            console.log(projectO);

        return Parse.Promise.when(emails.map(function(emailAddress) {

                var email = new EmailsClass();
                email.set("address", emailAddress);
                return email.save();

            }));
        }).then(function() {
        return Parse.Promise.when(emails.map(function(emailQuery) {

            var queryEmail = new Parse.Query("Email");
            queryEmail.equalTo("address", emailQuery);
            return queryEmail.find().then(function(results) {

                var emailJSON = results[0].toJSON();
                var emailObjectId = emailJSON.objectId;

                var projectJSON = projectO.toJSON();

                var projectId = projectJSON.objectId;

                var assignment = new EmailsClassAssignment();

                assignment.set("createdBy", {
                                    "__type": "Pointer",
                                    "className": "_User",
                                    "objectId": user
                });
                assignment.set("email", {
                                    "__type": "Pointer",
                                    "className": "Email",
                                    "objectId": emailObjectId
                });
                assignment.set("project", {
                                    "__type": "Pointer",
                                    "className": "Project",
                                    "objectId": projectId
                });
                assignment.save(null, {
                    success: function() {
                        console.log("Successfully saved project");
                    },
                    error: function(error) {
                        console.log("There was an error saving" + error.message);
                    }
                });
            });
        }));
    }).then( function() {
        response.success();
    });
});

A: The basic ideas look okay, but the code is kind of a jumble of callback parameters and promises.  I took the liberty of refactoring into simpler, promise-returning logical chunks so we could see what's going on.
You highlighted the .map functions in the post.  Not sure what the issue was there, so the code I suggest uses underscorejs, which can be easily included in the cloud as follows:
var _ = require('underscore');

First, return a promise to save a "project" given most of the params to your cloud function:
function createProject(params) {
    var ProjectClass = Parse.Object.extend("Project");
    var project = new ProjectClass();

    var emails = request.params.shareEmails;
    var user = request.params.userId;
    var projectDescription = request.params.projectDescription;
    var projectTitle = request.params.projectTitle;
    var emailStatus = request.params.isEmailEnabled;

    project.set("title", projectTitle);
    project.set("createdBy", {
                    "__type": "Pointer",
                    "className": "_User",
                    "objectId": user
    });
    project.set("description", projectDescription);
    project.set("status", true);
    project.set("emailShareEnabled", emailStatus);
    return project.save();
}

Next, create "Email"'s (which are objects) given an array of email address strings.  (You would do well to more carefully distinguish the objects and the strings in your naming, but I tried to hew to original nomenclature in the code)
function createEmails(emails) {
    var EmailsClass = Parse.Object.extend("Email");
    var toSave = _.map(emails, function(emailAddress) {
        var email = new EmailsClass();
        email.set("address", emailAddress);
        return email;
    });
    // like the when() function, but (possibly) fewer requests
    return Parse.Object.saveAll(toSave);
}

This is where the original code took a turn for the worse.  In it, the code just finished creating the Email objects, then for some reason, it attempts to query those objects.  But we have them in hand already, on the fulfullment of the promises to save.
The method below, takes already built email objects (named pedantically, to emphasize that they are objects) and other ingredients to an "EmailClassAssignment".  Notice how we can assign pointers directly with objects when we have a PFObject in hand:
function createEmailClassAssignments(emailObjects, project, userId) {
    var EmailsClassAssignment = Parse.Object.extend("EmailAssignment");
    var toSave = _.map(emailObjects, function(emailObject) {
        var assignment = new EmailsClassAssignment();
        // the real objects can be used as parameters to set for pointer columns
        assignment.set("email", emailObject);
        assignment.set("project", project);
        // we only have the userId, not a user object, so we can either query
        // for the user or take the shortcut that you've been taking
        project.set("createdBy", {
                        "__type": "Pointer",
                        "className": "_User",
                        "objectId": user
        });
        return assignment;
    });
    return Parse.Object.saveAll(toSave);
}

With all that done, the cloud function becomes more legible:
Parse.Cloud.define("saveProject", function(request, response) {
    var project;
    createProject(params).then(function(result) {
        project = result;
        return createEmails(request.params.shareEmails);
    }).then(function(emailObjects) {
        return createEmailClassAssignments(emailObjects, project, request.params.userId);
    }).then(function() {
        console.log("Successfully saved project");
        // I took the liberty of returning the new project to the caller
        response.success(project);
    }, function(error) {
        console.log("There was an error saving" + error.message);
        resoonse.error(error);
    });
});

CAUTION: obviously, there's no way for me to test any of the foregoing.  I strongly urge you to test the functions yourself, preferably individually before expecting the combination to work.  Hopefully, the refactor demonstrates a cleaner way to use promises and a reasonable decomposition of parts to test and use individually.

A: From the looks of your code, you simply need to add a return in front of assignment.save() as you aren't waiting for that to finish otherwise.
Lastly you should add an error catcher at the very end:
.then(null, function(error) {
  console.log(error);
  response.error(error);
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Omni is a privately owned, independent GSSA which specialises in the UK Cargo market and does not belong to a larger group.
Omni provides full GSSA service covering cargo sales, marketing, reservations, accounting and operational supervision.
Omni carries out detailed regional analysis of market information, drilling down to local branch level, to support highly focussed and targeted marketing and sales activity.
On behalf of the airline, Omni sales executives visit freight forwarders, both large and small, throughout the United Kingdom in order to promote and sell the cargo products provided by the airline.
Our key objective is to promote and support the airline's cargo products.
Success means that the freight forwarder understands the airline product, chooses that product over competing airline products and has the confidence that our team will support that product.


text:
<?php
/**
 * Skeleton Test class file for Cgi group
 *
 * @package PhpSecInfo
 * @author Ed Finkler <coj@funkatron.com>
 */

/**
 * require the main PhpSecInfo class
 */
require_once('PhpSecInfo/Test/Test.php');

/**
 * This is a skeleton class for PhpSecInfo "CGI" tests
 * @package PhpSecInfo
 */
class PhpSecInfo_Test_Cgi extends PhpSecInfo_Test
{

	/**
	 * This value is used to group test results together.
	 *
	 * For example, all tests related to the mysql lib should be grouped under "mysql."
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	var $test_group = 'CGI';

	/**
	 * "CGI" tests should only be run if we're running as a CGI.  The best way I could think of
	 * to test this was to preg against the php_sapi_name() return value.
	 *
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	function isTestable() {
		/*if ( preg_match('/^cgi.*$/', php_sapi_name()) ) {
			return true;
			} else {
			return false;
			}*/
		return strpos(php_sapi_name(), 'cgi') === 0;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the messages for CGI tests
	 *
	 */
	function _setMessages() {
		parent::_setMessages();

		$this->setMessageForResult(PHPSECINFO_TEST_RESULT_NOTRUN, 'en', "You don't seem to be using the CGI SAPI");

	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I was fortunate this week to take part in one of the coolest events I've ever been associated with as a youth sports coach.
The Baltimore Celtic Soccer Club held a college signing night for all of their players who have committed to play soccer for a junior college, NAIA, or NCAA Divisions I, II, and III. I had the honor of being there to support one of my players as he signed his commitment letter to play at Frostburg University.
The event was a display of the talent that comes through that club and moves on to the next level each year.
It was a first class event held in a radio studio with Celtic banners and MedStar Health logos projected on the big screens, spotlights blaring down on the signing table, master of ceremonies calling each individuals name and photographers snapping shots as every player sat down with their parents and Celtic coaches to sign their commitment letters.
At the end of the night there were more pictures of the collective group, first with the club uniforms on and then with player slipping on a sweatshirt or T-shirt of their respective college program. There were players with shirts from schools a good distance away such as Ithaca College, Virginia Wesleyan, Stanford University, Elizabethtown, West Chester, and Villanova, and across our state at schools such as Frostburg, Salisbury, UMBC, Navy, and reigning men's soccer national champion University of Maryland.
Besides being there to support the players, one of my favorite parts of the night was talking to colleagues I have either coached with or developed a relationship with over the years by coaching against each other in club, futsal, or high school games.
As expected, the topic of our conversation centered on "the beautiful game" and each of our connections to it. We rehashed old war stories and talked about the current state of the game and the Men's National Team.
We also discussed how impressive it was to see this collection of young men and women that have worked for all of these years to see their dreams of playing in college unfold in front of a crowd of their peers, parents, coaches and family members.
I have coached a lot of kids in my time in the game and many have gone on to play a collegiate sport, whether it be soccer, lacrosse, basketball, baseball, or tennis.
In order to be able to continue taking her game to a higher level, each player begins with a certain level of God-given talent, has had to develop a commitment level greater than her competitors, has had some bit of luck to avoid major, career-threatening injuries, and has had coaches and parents that have supported, encouraged, and mentored her until the point where she can reach her childhood dreams.
But what happens when that same player who has endured the same sacrifices and spent countless hours and dollars pursuing her dream, then changes her mind and doesn't want to play at the D-I level and just wants to play at the less committed, yet still competitive Division III?
As parents, and even as coaches, we keep telling our kids and players that whatever they decide to do is fine with us and we do and say all the "right" things, but subconsciously do we even believe ourselves? Is it really OK with us if we've invested all of this time, energy, and riches into our young athlete only for them to decide it's really not what they wanted?
It's actually kind of a tough realization for some of us. Initially as we founded the Wolves as a youth program our focus was to get our kids ready for high school play but as we matured as a club and our kids got older, our focus was on getting those players to the next level.
Part of the reason I have affiliated myself with the Celtic organization is their commitment to doing the same and this week's event confirmed my belief in the organization's goals.
I played collegiate soccer. I have three sons who have all come through the organization and not one of them had or has an interest in playing a sport in college. I have two graduates of Maryland's Smith School of business in my house, and probably have way more players who have gone on to successful academic or work careers after sport than I do that have gone on to play any sport in college.
The most important thing is not what we wanted or want for our kids — as a parent or a coach. What matters is what the players themselves want out of college and really the rest of their lives.


Shri Shenoy Vishwanath Vittal, Executive Director, Indian Bank has been co-opted as an Additional Director on the Board with effect from 11th February 2019. Shri Shenoy Vishwanath Vittal, aged 56, is a commerce graduate from Mumbai University. He joined as Probationary Officer in Union Bank of India on 17th January, 1985. He is also an Associate member of Indian Institute of Bankers and successfully underwent one year Management Education Programme conducted internally by the Union Bank of India. He is a career Banker since last 35 years.
Shri P L V K Sesha Sai, Assistant General Manager, Indian Bank (Nominee of Indian Bank) was appointed as President & Whole Time Director of the company by the Board of Directors of the company with effect from 06.08.2018, Shri P L V K Sesha Sai, aged 57 holds a Bachelors Degree in Commerce with CAIIB qualification. He is currently occupying the position of Assistant General Manager of Indian Bank and is on deputation to the company. He has over 34 years of experience in various areas in the banking and financial service industry.
Shri A S Rajeev, Executive Director, Indian Bank has been co-opted as a Director on the Board with effect from 28th March 2016. Shri A S Rajeev, aged 51 is a Chartered Accountant with MBA and CAIIB qualifications. He is currently occupying the position of Executive Director of Indian Bank. He has over 25 years of experience in various areas in the banking industry.
Shri S Krishnan, General Manager, Indian Bank has been co-opted as a Director on the Board with effect from 13th August 2015. Shri S Krishnan, aged 53 years holds a Post Graduate Degree in Commerce along with ICWA and CAIIB qualifications. He currently occupying the position of General Manager of Indian Bank. He has 32 years of experience in various areas in the banking industry.
Shri V Gopal, General Manager, Indian Bank has been co-opted as a Director on the Board with effect from 13th August 2015. Shri V Gopal aged 55 holds a Graduate Degree in Science. He is currently occupying the position of General Manager of Indian Bank. He has 35 years of experience in various areas in the banking industry.
Shri B Raj Kumar, Executive Director, Indian Bank, has been co-opted as a Director on the Board with effect from 29th June 2013. Shri B Raj Kumar, aged 57 years holds Post Graduate Degree in Engineering with MBA and CAIIB. He has more than 34 years of experience in various positions in the banking industry.
Shri K Udaya Bhaskara Reddy, General Manager, Indian Bank, has been co-opted as a Director on the Board with effect from 9th August 2014. Shri K Udaya Bhaskara Reddy aged 54 holds a Post Graduate Degree in Agricultural Science and an MBA (Finance) with other qualifications. He is currently occupying the position of General Manager of Indian Bank. He has 30 years of experience in various areas in the banking industry.
Smt Chitra Murali has been co-opted as a Director on the Board with effect from 20.11.2013. Smt Chitra Murali, aged 50 years holds Post Graduate Degree in Commerce with CISA (ISCA, USA), CIA and other qualifications. She served in Indian Audit and Accounts Department for 21 years. She has around 25 years of experience in the field of audit with hands on experience in various facets of audit including information System Audit and Internal Audit.
Shri G R Sundaravadivel has been co-opted as a Director on the Board with effect from 20.11.2013. Shri G R Sundaravadivel, aged 72 years holds Post Graduate Degree in Commerce with B.G.L.and CAIIB. He has more than 37 years of experience in various positions in the banking industry. He is a retired General Manager of Indian Bank and retired Executive Director of United Bank of India.
Shri Rajeev Rishi, Executive Director, Indian Bank, has been co-opted as an Additional Director/Chairman on the Board with effect from 13th June 2011. Shri V Rajeev Rishi aged 51 years, holds a Bachelors degree in Arts and LLB. He has more than 32 years of experience in various positions in the Banking industry.
Shri N Easwaran, General Manager, Indian Bank, has been co-opted as an Additional Director on the Board with effect from April 30, 2011.
Shri P M Venkatasubramanian, retired Managing Director, General Insurance Company and Chairman, Royal Sundaram Alliance Insurance Company Ltd has been co-opted by the Company's Board as an Independent Non-Executive Director with effect from April 16, 2010.
Shri P V Rajaraman, IAS(Retd) has been co-opted as an Independent Director Non-Executive Director on the Board with effect from July 15, 2009.
Shri Anup Sankar Bhattacharya, Executive Director, Indian Bank, has been co-opted as an Additional Director/Chairman on the Board with effect from July 15, 2009. Shri P V Rajaraman, IAS(Retd) has been co-opted as an Independent Director on the Board with effect from July 15, 2009.
Shri. Sri Ramanan, M. Sc, CAIIB (Part I), General Manager, Indian Bank has been co-opted as Additional Director on our Board with effect from 16.04.2008.
Shri. A. Subramanian, Executive Director, Indian Bank has been co-opted as Additional Director on our Board with effect from 19.07.2007 in place of Shri. M. S. Sundara Rajan, Director who has vacated office as Director consequent to his appointment as Chairman & Managing Director, Indian Bank with effect from 04.06.2007.
Shri T M Nagarajan, M.Com, CAIIB, Former Wholetime Member, SEBI, Former Joint Managing Director, IDBI and Former Chairman, Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited has been co-opted as an Additional Director on our Board with effect from 19.7.2006.
Shri V Ganesan, B.Sc, FCA, ACS, Deputy General Manager, Indian Bank nominated by Indian Bank for appointment as Director has been co-opted as an Additional Director on our Board with effect from 19.7.2006 in place of Shri T R Chandrasekaran, Director who has vacated office as Director consequent his retirement from the services of Indian Bank.
Shri A S Rajeev, Nominee Director submitted his resignation from the Directorship of the Company on 30.11.2018 consequent to his appointment as Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Bank of Maharashtra. The same was taken on record by our Board on 21.12.2018 through resolution passed by circulation.
Shri V Gopal, Director submitted resignation as Director on our Board on 03.08.2016 consequent to nomination of Shri M Nagarajan, General Manager of Indian Bank in his place. The same was taken on record by our Board on 06.08.2016.
Shri Ashwini Kumar Bajpai, Deputy General Manager, Indian Bank, has been appointed as President & Wholetime Director of the company from 04.01.2016 in place of Shri Banabihari Panda who has resigned as President & Wholetime Director consequent to his attaining superannuation. Shri Ashwini Kumar Bajpai aged 57 holds a Graduate Degree in Arts and CAIIB qualified. He is currently occupying the position of Deputy General Manager of Indian Bank. He has 32 years of experience in various areas in the banking industry.
Shri Banabihari Panda, General Manager, Indian Bank has been appointed as the President & Wholetime Director of the company from 26.05.2011 in place of Shri G. Rangarajan who has resigned as Appointment of Director consequent to his repatriation to Indian Bank. Shri Banabihari Panda aged 55 is a B.A. (Hons), LLB, MA, MBA and holds diploma in International Banking & Finance, Certififed Treasury Manager Program, Diploma in Treasury, Investment and Risk Management and CAIIB qualifications. He is currently occupying the position of General Manager of Indian Bank. He has 34 years of experience in various areas in the banking industry.
Our company has subscribed to the IDeAS facility provided by NSDL. From now onwards IBMBS customers can gain access to IDeAS (Internet - based Demat Account Statement) offered by NSDL.
Just register by clicking the link : https:// speed-e.nsdl.com.
Print the Acknowledgement Form and submit to us to access IDeAS.
Use the services and save your time!!!
Our company has subscribed to the SPEED-e facility provided by NSDL. From now, you can submit your Delivery Instructions online.
Just Register for SPEED-e through the link: https:// speed-e.nsdl.com.
The Board of Directors have accorded approval for the proposal for the merger of Indian Bank DP with Company's DP in accordance with NSDL regulations. Indian Bank has accorded their approval for the proposal for transfer of Indian Bank Demat business to lndbank Merchant Banking Services Ltd in accordance with NSDL regulations. Indian Bank Demat accounts will be transferred to Indbank Merchant Banking Services Lid, after complying with the procedures and requirements in accordance with NSDL regulations.
Indbank has convened the 21st Annual General Meeting of the company on 28.07.2010 at 3.00 p.m at Indian Bank Management Academy for Growth & Excellence (IMAGE), MRC Nagar, Raja Annamalaipuram, Chennai - 600 028 to approve accounts and to transact other business listed in the notice dated 28.04.2010 which has been posted to all the members.
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited has opened new branch offices at Tenkasi and Vijayawada. The new branches commenced operations on 21.05.2010 and 27.05.2010 respectively.
Shri G Rangarajan, Deputy General Manager, Indian Bank has been appointed as the President & Wholetime Director of the company from 28.04.2010 in place of Shri Pravinbhai Naranbhai Patel who has resigned as President & Wholetime Director consequent to his retirement from the services of Indian Bank. Mr. G Rangarajan aged 55 is a M. A. (Economics) and has P.G. Diploma in Portfolio Management, CAIIB, AIMA Diploma in Management qualifications. He is currently occupying the position of Deputy General Manager of Indian Bank. He has more than 30 years of experience in various areas in the banking industry and out of which he has 8 years of experience in Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results upto the quarter ended 30.09.2009 at the Board meeting held on 27.10.2009. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.255.84 lakhs upto the quarter ended 30.09.2009 as against a Profit Before Tax of Rs.646.09 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.41.63 lakhs upto the quarter ended 30.09.2009 as against a Net Profit After Tax Rs.601.56 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 30.06.2009 at the Board meeting held on 25.07.2009. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.389.75 lakhs for the quarter ended 30.06.2009 as against a Profit Before tax of Rs.427.96 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.303.42 lakhs for the quarter ended 30.06.2009 as against a Net Profit after tax of Rs.301.72 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited (Indbank) has opened a new branch office at Cuddalore. The new branch was inaugurated on 14.08.2009 by Shri Anup Sankar Bhattacharya, Chairman, Indbank Merchant Banking Services Ltd. and Executive Director, Indian Bank in presence of Shri. P.N Patel President and Whole Time Director, Shri. P. Mugundan, Executive Vice President & Company Secretary, Indbank, and Shri. M Senthil, Branch Head, Indbank, Cuddalore.
Indbank has convened the 20th Annual General Meeting of the company on 19.08.2009 at 3.00 p.m at Indian Bank Management Academy for Growth & Excellence (IMAGE), MRC Nagar, Raja Annamalaipuram, Chennai - 600 028 to approve accounts and to transact other business listed in the notice dated 15.07.2009 which has been posted to all the members.
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited (Indbank) has opened a new branch office at Thanjavur. The new branch was inaugurated on 04.06.2009 by Shri A Subramanian, Chairman, Indbank Merchant Banking Services Ltd. and Executive Director, Indian Bank in presence of Shri. P.N Patel President and Whole Time Director, Indbank, Smt K Malathy, Deputy General Manager, Indian Bank, Shri. P. Mugundan, Executive Vice President & Company Secretary, Indbank, and Shri. T Poovel, Branch Head, Indbank, Thanjavur.
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited (Indbank) has opened new branch offices and launched Indbankonline Stock Trading Points at Trichy and Pune. The new branches and indbanbkonline stock trading points at Trichy and Pune were inaugurated on 22.01.2009 and 24.01.2009 respectively.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the financial results for the year 2008-09 at the Board meeting held on 7.5.2009. Indbank has made a Loss Before Tax of Rs.33.23 lakhs in the year 2008-09 as against a profit before tax of Rs.3810.27 lakhs in the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Loss After Tax of Rs.722.61 lakhs in the year 2008-09 as against a net profit of Rs.3454.95 lakhs in the previous year. The Board of Directors has also recommended a dividend of Re.0.75 per equity share being 7.5% on the par value of Rs.10/- per share to be appropriated from the profits of the company absorbing Rs.332.84 lakhs, subject to the approval of shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 31.12.2008 at the Board meeting held on 23.01.2009. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.546.96 lakhs upto the quarter ended 31.12.2008 as against Rs.3246.37 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.504.08 lakhs upto the quarter ended 31.12.2008 as against Rs.3003.24 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
Shri Pravinbhai Naranbhai Patel, Deputy General Manager, Indian Bank has been appointed as the President & Wholetime Director of Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited, a subsidiary of Indian Bank from 21.10.2008. Mr. Pravinbhai Naranbhai Patel aged 58 years is an M.Sc with DBIM, DEIM and CAIIB qualifications. He has more than 32 years of experience in various areas in the banking industry.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 30.09.2008 at the Board meeting held on 21.10.2008. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.646.09 lakhs upto the quarter ended 30.09.2008 as against Rs.2191.78 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.601.56 lakhs upto the quarter ended 30.09.2008 as against Rs.1970.56 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
Cumulative income upto the quarter Rs.925.25 lakhs and cumulative profit after tax upto the quarter was Rs.601.56 lakhs.
Market value of quoted investments (Cost Rs 15.81 Crore) stands at Rs. 24.31 Crore.
In the first half of 2008-09, IBMBS has established five exclusive CTCL Stock Trading Terminals and Online Stock Trading Points at CMDA-Egmore, Madkpakkam, Pollachi, Karikudi and Dindigul.
IBMBS has obtained approval of SEBI and NSE for undertaking derivatives trading and has commenced Derivatives Trading from September 2008.
IBMBS has obtained deposit based membership in BSE for undertaking BSE operations in Capital Markets and excepts to commence operations by middle of November 2009.
IBMBS has obtained NSE Listing and the shares were admitted for trading in NSE with effect from 8.10.2008. The company is now listed in BSE and NSE.
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited had applied to National Stock Exchange of India Ltd for listing of its Equity shares in NSE and the application was approved by them vide their letter dated 6.10.2008. 44378200 Equity Shares with a face value of Rs.10/- each of Indbank will be admitted to dealings on the National Stock Exchange of India with effect from 8.10.2008 with the symbol "INDBANK"
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 30.06.2008 at the Board meeting held on 29.07.2008. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.427.96 lakhs for the quarter ended 30.06.2008 as against Rs.1875.09 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.301.72 lakhs for the quarter ended 30.06.2008 as against Rs.1686.13 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the financial results for the year 2007-08 at the Board meeting held on 16.4.2008. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs. 3810.27 lakhs in the year 2007-08 as against Rs. 2142.05 lakhs in the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs. 3454.96 lakhs in the year 2007-08 as against Rs. 2117.17 lakhs in the previous year.
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited (Indbank) has opened a new branch office and launched Indbankonline Stock Trading Point at Puducherry. The new branch and indbanbkonline stock trading point, the cyber based stock trading facility by a public sector company was inaugurated on 19.03.2008 by Thiru N. Rangasamy Honourable Chief Minister, Puducherry in the presence of Thiru R Siva, MLA, Orleanpeth Constituency & Thiru A Subramanian, Executive Director, Indian Bank and Shri. S. Annadurai, President and Whole Time Director, Indbank, Shri. M. Savarimuthu, General Manager & Circle Head, Indian Bank, Puducherry, Shri. P. Mugundan, Vice President (Finance) & Company Secretary, Indbank and Shri. P M Sukumar, Vice President, Indbank, Puducherry. Read More..
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited (Indbank) has opened a new Stock Broking Terminal and launched Indbankonline stock trading point at Anna Nagar, Chennai. The new stock broking terminal and indbanbkonline stock trading point, the first cyber based stock trading facility by a public sector company, was inaugurated on 13.02.2008 by Shri.A. Subramanian, Executive Director, Indian Bank, in the presence of Shri. S.K. Bandyopadhyay , General Manager, Indian Bank, Shri. S. Annadurai, President and Whole Time Director, Indbank, and Shri. P. Mugundan, Vice President (Finance) & Company Secretary, Indbank. Read More..
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 31.12.2007 at the Board meeting held on 29.01.2008. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.3246.37 lakhs upto the quarter ended 31.12.2007 as against Rs.791.51 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.3003.24 lakhs upto the quarter ended 31.12.2007 as against Rs.725.47 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 30.09.2007 at the Board meeting held on 27.10.2007. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.2191.78 lakhs upto the quarter ended 30.09.2007 as against Rs.242.75 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.1970.56 lakhs upto the quarter ended 30.09.2007 as against Rs.177.42 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
Indbank has opened a new branch office at Hyderabad. The branch was inaugurated on 28.08.2007 by Shri. Vepa Kamesam, Managing Director, Institute of Insurance & Risk Management, Hyderabad, Ex-Deputy Governor, RBI, Ex-Managing Director, SBI in the presence of Shri. A. Subramanian, Executive Director, Indian Bank, Shri. S. Annadurai, President and Wholetime Director, Indbank, Shri. Mohammed Najamuddin, Deputy General Manager & Circle Head, Indian Bank, Shri. P. Mugundan, Vice President (Finance) & Company Secretary, Indbank and Shri. K Sridhar, Vice President, Indbank, Hyderabad. Read More..
Indbank has convened the 18th Annual General Meeting of the company on 18.08.2007 at 11.00a.m at Indian Bank Management Academy for Growth & Excellence (IMAGE), MRC Nagar, Raja Annamalaipuram, Chennai � 600 028 to approve accounts and to transact other business listed in the notice dated 19.07.2007 which has been posted to all the members.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 30.06.2007 at the Board meeting held on 19.07.2007. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs. 1875.09 lakhs in the quarter ended 30.06.2007 as against Rs. 108.96 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.1686.13 lakhs in the quarter ended 30.06.2007 as against Rs.102.63 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
Receipt of the order of the Court according their confirmation for the reduction of share premium account and forfeited shares account for reducing the accumulated losses.
The High Court vide their order dated 16.2.2007 accorded their confirmation for the reduction of share premium account from Rs.666070000 to Rs.Nil , forfeited shares account from Rs.159000 to Rs.Nil and to effect such reduction by adjusting the debit balance in the Profit & Loss account and reducing the same by Rs.666229000.
Accordingly the debit balance in the Profit & Loss account of Rs.956830964 as on 31.3.2006 would stand reduced to Rs.290601964 on giving effect to the order.
During the quarter ended 31.12.2006 Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited (Indbank) has earned a gross income of Rs.655.43 lakhs as against Rs.194.22 lakhs in the corresponding quarter of the previous year Cumulatively Indbank has earned a gross income of Rs.1036.31 lakhs upto the quarter ended 31.12.2006 in the current financial year 2006 � 07 as against Rs.519.57 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
Indbank has earned a profit before tax of Rs.548.76 lakhs in the quarter ended 31.12.2006 as against Rs.81.34 lakhs in the corresponding quarter of the previous year. Cumulatively Indbank has earned a profit before tax of Rs.791.51 lakhs upto the quarter ended 31.12.2006 in the current financial year 2006 � 07 as against Rs.199.26 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
Indbank has earned a profit after tax of Rs.548.05 lakhs in the quarter ended 31.12.2006 as against Rs.38.97 lakhs in the corresponding quarter of the previous year. Cumulatively Indbank has earned a profit after tax of Rs.725.47 lakhs upto the quarter ended 31.12.2006 in the current financial year 2006 � 07 as against Rs.69.69 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
The earnings per share for the quarter ended 31.12.2006 was Rs.1.23 per share as against Rs.0.09 per share in the corresponding quarter of the previous year. The cumulative earnings per share upto the quarter ended 31.12.2006 was Rs.1.63 per share as against Rs.0.16 per share in the corresponding period of the previous year. The market value of quoted investments (cost - Rs.15.18 crore) of the company as on 31.12.2006 was Rs.71.72 crore.
Indbank is a subsidiary of Indian Bank engaged in Merchant Banking, Stock broking, Depository Participant and allied activities. Indbank is registered with SEBI as a Merchant Banker. Indbank is a member of National Stock Exchange, Madras Stock Exchange and OTCEI and is also registered with NSDL as a Depository Participant. Indbank is also registered with Association of Mutual Funds of India (AMFI) for distribution of Mutual fund products as part of its broking business. Indbank has its Registered office at Chennai. Indbank has branches at Chennai, Mumbai, New Delhi, Bangalore, Coimbatore and Ahmedabad.
Indbank has a mix of institutional and individual clients and have achieved a stock broking turnover of Rs. 1336 crores upto the quarter ended 31.12.2006 in the current financial year 2006 � 07 as against Rs. 1098 crores in the corresponding period of the previous year.
Indbank proposes to increase its operations under fee-based business by entering, Futures and Options segment of NSE, Portfolio Management Services and by establishing branch offices at Kolkatta, Hyderabad, Baroda, Pondicherry, Madurai and Tirunelveli in the year 2006 � 07 increasing the network of branches to 12 from the current level of 6. Indbank also plans to expand further by establishing 6 more branches in 2007 � 08 which will increase the total number of branches to 18.
During the centenary year of the parent Bank, Indbank has launched IndbankOnline, the online trading portal system that enables the customers to carry on dealings in stocks and shares from anywhere. Indbank has entered into an agreement with Indian Bank for the provision of Online trading facilities to the customers of Indian Bank. For availing this facility the customer has to open a net banking account and demat account with Indian Bank and online trading account with Indbank. This would enable the customer to trade from anywhere under the internet based trading system. This will benefit all customers having account with CBS branches of Indian Bank for undertaking stock market operations.
Indian Bank is proposing, subject to market conditions and other considerations, a Public Issue of its Equity Shares and has filed a Red Herring Prospectus with SEBI. The Red Herring Prospectus is available on the respective websites of the BRLMs at www.sbicaps.com, www.enam.com, www.icicisecurities.com & www.kotak.com.
During the centenary year of the parent Bank, Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited, subsidiary of Indian Bank has launched IndbankOnline, the online trading portal system that enables the customers to carry on dealings in stocks and shares from anywhere.
The IndbankOnline, the trading portal was launched on 10.01.2007 by Dr.K.C. Chakrabarty, Chairman and Managing Director of Indian Bank in the presence of Shri. M. S. Sundara Rajan, Executive Director, Indian Bank, Dr. Raja J. Chelliah, Eminent Economist, Chairman Emeritus, Madras School of Economics and Director of Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited, Shri. T. M. Nagarajan, Former Wholetime Member, Securities and Exchange Board of India and Director, Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited, Shri. S. Annadurai, President and Whole Time Director, Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited, Senior Executives of Indian Bank and host of other Dignitaries.
Distribution of Mutual Fund & Investment Products registered with the Association of Mutual Funds of India (AMFI).
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited has offices at Chennai, Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Coimbatore, and Ahmedabad. Indbank proposes to increase its operations under fee-based business by entering, Futures and Options segment of NSE, Portfolio Management Services and by establishing branch offices at Kolkatta, Hyderabad, Baroda, Pondicherry, Madurai and Tirunelveli in the year 2006 � 07 increasing the network of branches to 12 from the current level of 6. Indbank also plans to expand further by establishing 6 more branches in 2007 � 08 which will increase the total number of branches to 18.
Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited has entered into an agreement with Indian Bank for the provision of Online trading facilities to the customers of Indian Bank. For availing this facility the customer has to open a net banking account and demat account with Indian Bank and online trading account with Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited. This would enable the customer to trade from anywhere under the internet based trading system. This will benefit all customers having account with CBS branches of Indian Bank for undertaking stock market operations.
Along with launching of IndbankOnline, Dr. K. C. Chakrabarty CMD of Indian Bank also inaugurated the new premises of Indbank Merchant Banking Services Limited at I Floor, Khivraj Complex I, 480, Anna Salai, Nandanam, Chennai � 600 035.
Indian Bank is proposing subject to market conditions and other considerations a Public Issue of its Equity Shares and has filed a Draft Red Herring Prospectus with SEBI. The Draft Red Herring Prospectus is available on the Website of SEBI at www.sebi.gov.in and all respective websites of the BRLMs at www.sbicaps.com, www.enam.com, www.icicisecurities.com & www.kotak.com.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 30.9.2006 at the Board meeting held on 27.10.2006. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs. 133.79 lakhs in the quarter ended 30.9.2006 as against Rs. 74.41 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Cumulatively, Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs. 242.75 lakhs upto the quarter ended 30.9.2006 as against Rs. 116.91 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.74.89 lakhs in the quarter ended 30.9.2006 as against Rs.22.18 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Cumulatively, Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.177.42 lakhs upto the quarter ended 30.9.2006 as against Rs.30.72 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the Un-audited financial results for the quarter ended 30.6.2006 at the Board meeting held on 19.7.2006. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.108.96 lakhs in the quarter ended 30.6.2006 as against Rs.42.50 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.102.53 lakhs in the quarter ended 30.6.2006 as against Rs.8.54 lakhs in the corresponding period of the previous year.
The Board of Directors of Indbank has approved the financial results for the year 2005-06 at the Board meeting held on 27.4.2006. Indbank has made a Profit Before Tax of Rs.349.30 lakhs in the year 2005-06 as against Rs.305.63 lakhs in the previous year. Indbank has made a Net Profit After Tax of Rs.204.26 lakhs in the year 2005-06 as against Rs.156.74 lakhs in the previous year.
The Board of Directors of Indbank at its meeting held on 27.4.2006 has passed the resolution for reduction and adjustment of the Securities Premium of the company amounting to Rs.66,60,70,000 and forfeited shares account of Rs.1, 59,000 aggregating Rs.66,62,29,000 against the debit balance in the Profit & Loss account as on March 31, 2005 of Rs.97, 72,57,065 reducing the same by Rs.66, 62,29,000, subject to the consent of the shareholders at the ensuing Annual General Meeting of the company, the confirmation of the High Court at Chennai and other appropriate authorities in this regard.
Indbank has convened the 17th Annual General Meeting of the company on 24.6.2006 at 11.00 a.m. at Indian Bank Management Academy for Growth & Excellence (IMAGE), MRC Nagar, Raja Annamalaipuram, Chennai 600 028 to approve accounts and to transact other business listed in the Notice dated 27.04.2006 which has been posted to all the members.
Pursuant to Section 154 of the Companies Act 1956, the Register of Members and Share Transfer Books of the company will remain closed from 16.06.2006 to 24.06.2006 (both days inclusive).


Introduction to Adult Echocardiography Ultrasound Course (7/17-7/21) is designed to provide a strong foundation to perform and/or interpret adult cardiac ultrasound examinations. Introduction to Adult Echocardiography Ultrasound Course is taught by leading echocardiography ultrasound experts, and includes comprehensive lectures, interactive case studies using an audience response system, and extensive hands on scanning featuring a 3:1 hands-on ratio using live models for the most hands on scan time.
Introduction Peripheral Vascular Duplex/Color Flow Course (May 11-12) is the perfect course for obtaining a strong foundation for performing and/or interpreting upper & lower extremity peripheral arterial and venous ultrasound examinations. Introduction Peripheral Vascular Duplex/Color Flow Course is taught by leading vascular and interactive case presentations by the masters of Peripheral Vascular Ultrasound. Introduction Peripheral Vascular Duplex/Color Flow Course you will experience extensive hands-on scanning, featuring a 3:1 ratio with live models.
Introduction Peripheral Vascular Duplex/Color Flow Course is taught by leading Peripheral Vascular Duplex/Color Flow Imaging Course Course Experts. Introduction Peripheral Vascular Duplex/Color Flow Course is also offered as a Blended Education (Online Course + Scan Workshop) option where you would complete the online course prior to the course begin date and come to our campus on St. Pete Beach, Florida for the afternoon scan workshops. If you can't make it to our campus on St. Pete Beach, Florida, this course is also offered as a live (real time) interactive webinar.
Pocket sized ultrasound devices (PUDs) have potential to improve global health care delivery due to their potential role in areas with limited resources. Although theoretically they have much promise, their use has been limited due to a lack of imaging protocol and trained users.
This particular study, titled — "Feasibility of remote real-time guidance of a cardiac examination performed by novices using a pocket-sized ultrasound device" looked at the cardiac limited ultrasound exam (CLUE) to screen for left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, left atrial (LA) enlargement, ultrasound lung comets, and elevated central venous pressure (CVP).
Previous studies have shown that CLUE not only provides diagnostic and prognostic data, but also confers the potential of wireless transmission of data (unavailable for traditional bedside cardiac exams).
To determine the feasibility of utilizing low-cost smartphone based applications that allow wireless video conferencing to guide novice users in using CLUE.
A novice with limited training can perform CLUE using PUD when wirelessly guided by an expert (using FaceTime — explained in the Methods section below). This method can increase the use of PUD and help in emergency settings and medical triage.
CLUE screens for signs associated with potentially life-threatening diagnoses. For example, LV systolic dysfunction detected by CLUE occurs acutely in myocardial infarctions, septic shock, and acute heart failure. Based on the results of this study, Facetime technology can be used with PUDs to perform CLUE in emergency settings when cardiologists are not on the scene.
Not only would these signs evaluate acute cardiac processes, but the eCVP for example, can help differentiate between different types of shock. Using tools that allow healthcare providers to communicate with experts and consult specialists can save valuable time and minimize morbidity and mortality and lead to better patient outcomes. This was a relatively small study and needs further and larger studies that investigate using other signs that can be present in emergency situations. Also, as this has implied use as a screening tool in emergency scenarios, one would hope the technology should achieve higher sensitivity (study's sensitivity was 0.67).
Three trainees in San Diego, California with less than one-hour device orientation and no previous ultrasound experience performed CLUE using a PUD ( either the Vscan, GE Healthcare, or the P10, Siemens Healthcare) attached to an iPhone 4 or iPod using a mount. The mount enabled the iPhone/iPod's front facing VGA camera to be facing the PUD display screen using the Apple's Facetime — data from subjects' ultrasound was transmitted to an off-site cardiologist's iPod. The off-site cardiologist then assessed the quality of the images and trainee's image acquiring technique and provided remote audiovisual guidance and interpretation of CLUE signs to the trainees.
The accuracy and quality of the PUD transmitted images was then compared to the gold standard echocardiograms performed by a registered sonographer. Values such as diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive value were derived by using the standard echocardiogram for reference.
In all 27 subjects, there was successful transmission of Ultrasound images and guidance from offsite physicians. 2/27 transmissions were dropped and re-initiated. Remotely-guided novice image yielded adequate CLUE views with 90% success versus sonographer imaging which achieved 96% success(p <0.05). Compared to the gold-standard echo thresholds, CLUE had a combined sensitivity of 0.67, specificity of 0.96, and an accuracy of 0.90 .
Article Name: Feasibility of remote real-time guidance of a cardiac examination performed by novices using a pocket-sized ultrasound device.
Authors: Mai TV, Ahn DT, Phillips CT, Agan DL, Kimura BJ.
Journal Published: Emerg Med Int.
Citation: Emerg Med Int. 2013;2013:627230. doi: 10.1155/2013/627230. Epub 2013 Aug 20.


text:
Timurbek Dinmuchametowicz Dawletszin, ros. Тимурбәк Динмөхәммәт улы Дәүләтшин, tatar. Timurbək Dinmөxəmmət ulı Dəwlətşin (ur. w 1904 r. we wsi Zildiar w guberni ufimskiej, zm. 26 maja 1983 r. w Monachium) – tatarski emigracyjny działacz narodowy, wykładowca akademicki, publicysta i wydawca, propagandysta w służbie niemieckiej podczas II wojny światowej

W 1926 r. ukończył studia prawnicze na uniwersytecie w Kazaniu, zaś w 1930 r. w Moskwie. W 1933 r. został aspirantem. W latach 1934-1938 był rektorem Instytutu Naukowo-Badawczego w Ufie. Do 1941 r. wykładał jako profesor prawo państwowe we Wszechzwiązkowym Instytucie Prawniczym w Kazaniu. Jednocześnie stał na czele Prezydium Rady Najwyższej Tatarskiej Autonomicznej Socjalistycznej Republiki Radzieckiej. Po ataku wojsk niemieckich na ZSRR 22 czerwca 1941 r., został zmobilizowany do Armii Czerwonej. Wkrótce dostał się do niewoli. W 1942 r. wyszedł z obozu jenieckiego i zamieszkał w Berlinie. Współuczestniczył w rozpoczęciu wydawania propagandowego pisma "Idel-Ural", wychodzącego w języku tatarskim przy wsparciu Ostministerium Alfreda Rosenberga. Było ono skierowane do jeńców wojennych z Armii Czerwonej pochodzenia tatarskiego i Tatarów przebywających w Niemczech. Po zakończeniu wojny żył w zachodnich Niemczech. W 1947 r. był jednym z organizatorów Tatarsko-Baszkirskiego Komitetu Narodowego, stając na jego czele. Jednocześnie w latach 1951-1969 pracował jako naukowiec w Instytucie Badań nad ZSRR w Monachium. Wydawał też w latach 1952-1954 pismo "Azad Vatan". Był autorem pierwszego słownika tatarsko-niemieckiego. Napisał kilka książek o politycznej i ekonomicznej sytuacji ziem tatarskich pod władzą sowiecką, z których najsłynniejsza to "Советский Татарстан. Теория и практика ленинской национальной политики", wydana w Londynie w 1974 r.

Bibliografia
Volga-Ural Tatars in emigration, [w:] Central Asian Survey, t. 11, grudzień 1992

Tatarscy pisarze
Tatarzy współpracujący z III Rzeszą
Urodzeni w 1904
Zmarli w 1983
Sowietolodzy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Islam can be seen as a system of ethics comprised of philosophical and conceptual foundations. This system of ethics consists of Al'-adl wa'l-ihsan (Equilibrium and beneficence or socio-economic justice), Fard (responsibility), Rububiyyah (Divine arrangements for nourishment, sustenance, and directing things towards their perfection), Tazkiyah (purification plus growth), Tawhid (God' unity and sovereignty), and Ikhtiyar (free-will). Combined with Shari'ah and fiqh, this comprehensive moral code provides a reason and framework for a distinct moral economy based on risalah or the teachings of Jesus (p.b.u.h.), Moses (p.b.u.h.) and Muhammad (s.a.w.), the Bible, Torah,Qu'ran, and Sunnah.


He would know. After all, Porsche had just fitted magnesium wheels to the GT2 RS, which cut 0.6 seconds off his lap times, an eternity at this level of driving. Pobst's 1:24.88 lap in the Porsche beat the previous record by 1.57 seconds, one Pobst also set, this time in a 2019 Chevrolet Corvette ZR1. "The ZR1 can't put down the power out of the slow corners," Probst says. "That's its weakness." Then discussion then turns to the McLaren Senna which, yes, would probably be even quicker. But those also cost more than $800,000, and anyway, McLaren hasn't brought one to Road Atlanta.
It's the night before we're scheduled to drive Road Atlanta in the latest Porsche GT3 RS and GT2 RS. Sitting across from us is three-time LeMans winner Hurley Haywood, so I take the opportunity to pick his brain about the very specific task at hand: following him around Road Atlanta without being too slow or, worse, too fast. Haywood honed his driving skills behind the wheel of a Studebaker pickup on a huge farm, where he'd go out in the morning and drive till dinner. He never had any formal instruction but definitely logged his Malcolm Gladwell 10,000 hours of practice.
As for tomorrow, he says the trick with Road Atlanta is to stay off the brakes in a couple spots where I'll be tempted to slow down too much. You need to carry speed, maintain the flow. At one point he refers to the GT3 RS as a "momentum car," a term usually applied to, say, a Miata. That's the level these guys are on: a 520-horsepower Porsche 911 is a momentum car. Pobst also beat the ZR1's lap time in the GT3 RS, which packs 235 fewer horsepower than the Chevy.
That's a lot of momentum.
The next morning, three 911s await on pit lane. The lead car, an orange GT3 RS, will be driven by Haywood. Behind it are a screaming green GT3 RS and a red GT2 RS. Haywood's car is shod with Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2 tires, which by normal standards are considered a super-aggressive street-legal track tire. But they're sensible shoes compared to the rubber on the other two cars: Sport Cup 2 Rs, which use a tread compound sourced from Michelin's race shop.
One of the used tires sitting near the Michelin truck has a pair of odd circular indentations in the tread, so I ask Knowles what that's all about. "There were probably a couple washers or something on the ground and the tire sat on them when it was still hot," he says. That's how soft these tires are when they're at temperature: enough to make a mold of anything sitting on the ground.
Knowles says that the R-compound tires are supposed to lower your lap time by a half second per kilometer, compared to regular Sport Cup 2 Rs. So here, that's about two seconds. Another huge margin.
That's a lot of rear tire. And only $979.17 apiece from the Tire Rack. Fronts are $889.18.
I strap into the GT3 RS first on the theory that a 9,000-rpm naturally aspirated track freak will be a good starter vehicle, inasmuch as the only other choice is a 700-horsepower turbocharged track freak that can hit 124 mph in 8.3 seconds.
My last visit to Road Atlanta came in 2010, so for the first few laps I'm relearning which way the corners go. Which is a conundrum, because many of them are blind and to stay on the line I have to keep up with Haywood. Thus, I'm forced to get up to speed by getting up to speed, because if I lose sight of his car's towering rear wing, then I'm lost. But by the end of the first 20-minute session, I can pay attention to the car rather than the track. It is a glorious object.
The GT3 RS only has 520 horsepower but it gets through corners all right.
I've always been drawn to the pragmatic appeal of the 911 Turbo. However, driving a GT3 RS at redline on a road course could convince you that all cars should have rear-wheel-drive, naturally aspirated flat sixes, and three-story wings on the back. With that fearsome shriek augering through your helmet, every upshift a cymbal-crash on the resonant frequency for euphoria, you don't feel like any car could possibly go any quicker. And then you get into the GT2.
"If he can do it on those tires, then I can do it on these tires"
No longer is the challenge to keep up. Haywood would lose me in a given corner, and then I'd flex that magic 700-horsepower pedal and pull right back into position. We're running in Sport Plus mode, which means traction and stability control on, but not intruding unless you get way out of shape. I notice the traction-control light flickering as I power up over the hill at the exit of turn 5. There's a bump that upsets the car a little, so the electronics are saving me from laying rubber at 90 mph or so. There's a frisky powerplant back there.
On the back straight, the GT3s are hitting about 155 mph. In the GT2 RS, you can stay with the GT3 RS at what feels like half throttle. The straight-line power is just absurd, but so is everything else—when I looked at the car's trip computer, I saw that the numbers for some of Pobst's exploits are still logged on the high score screen, which displays a peak lateral acceleration of 1.63 g. I keep that figure in mind when it seems like Haywood isn't cutting much amateur slack while flying through the last corner onto the front straightaway, where the wall looms right there at the corner exit. "If he can do it on those tires, then I can do it on these tires," I tell myself.
We didn't want to reset the GT2's trip computer because that top speed was too cool to erase.
I also try to remember that this car has real downforce, an unusual factor for a street car that changes your calculations, because it means this Porsche can corner harder at 150 mph than it could at 50 mph. At top speed, it's making 750 pounds of downforce. The car is not making loads of downforce at typical track speeds, but any noticeable downforce upends your expectations: The faster you go, the more stable the car gets.
The turns out to be important on the back straight, which includes a slight bend to the right that you wouldn't notice at 120 mph, but becomes a real corner at GT2 RS speeds. On a couple of afternoon laps, I back off ahead of the straight, to create some space between the GT3 ahead. On the first pass, I get a sense of how much faster the GT2 RS will head into the braking zone. And on the next lap, I go for it, holding it flat all the way past that mild bend that now seems like it's definitely a huge corner. I'm on the right line, so as I begin braking I let my eyes dart to the speedometer just as it flits from 171 mph to 174 mph—even at that speed, the speedometer is counting by threes.
The ceramic composite brakes haul the car down for the next slow left-hander with no fade, no drama, no tail-wiggle. It's not scary. The original GT2 RS was supposed to be a crazed oversteering boogeyman, but if that was the case then Porsche's since embraced the idea that performance is more fun when it's accessible. At least, it's accessible when you've got the Sport Plus babysitters helping prevent you from backing into the nearest wall at a buck twenty-five.
Eventually we pit in for fuel and, in the case of the GT2 RS, distilled water. A carbon-fiber tank in the trunk holds 1.3 gallons of water that's sprayed on the heat exchangers under high loads, dropping the intake air charge temperature by as much as 68 degrees Fahrenheit.
ChiaPorsche: for record-breaking lap times, just add water.
I also examine the tires, not because I know enough to pronounce them healthy or not, but because I'm fascinated with how they wear as we run laps. A normal high-performance street tire might show feathered sidewalls or evidence of accelerated treadwear after a few lapping sessions, but these things are so soft, the rubber is scabbing and balling up in corners, then spinning off in the centrifuge of the straights. Behind the wheel, you feel some extra vibration in the corners, like you're driving over textured pavement. Then on the straights you hear an unnerving, "Whap! Whap!" as the tires cleanse themselves and spray rubber at the inner wheelwells (and, as it turns out, at the car behind you). It's all normal for race-compound tires, but it's new to me.
The GT3 RS wears a tattoo from molten Sport Cup 2 R flying off the GT2 RS.
If you want to put the Road Atlanta lap-record champion in your personal garage, a GT2 RS starts at $294,250. But you'll surely want the $31,000 Weissach Package, which includes carbon fiber sway bars and those magnesium wheels that drop 24 pounds off the curb weight. The total Weissach diet is 40 pounds.
Here I might mention that a US dollar bill weighs one gram and there are 454 grams to a pound, which means that 40 pounds of dollar bills would total $18,160. So the Weissach weight reduction would be less expensive if you were actually removing stacks of loose cash from the car. But then you wouldn't get carbon fiber sway bars, would you?
If you're worried about the money, a GT3 RS is only $188,750. Which sounds like a pretty swell deal for a car that would beat every other car around Road Atlanta. Well, every other car except one.


text:
Morsang-sur-Orge ist eine französische Gemeinde mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) im Département Essonne in der Region Île-de-France. Die Gemeinde ist Hauptort (chef-lieu) des Kantons Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois.

Geografie
Morsang-sur-Orge liegt 21,5 Kilometer südlich von Paris und etwa 7,5 Kilometer südsüdwestlich des Flughafens Paris-Orly.
Im Norden der Gemeinde fließt die Orge auf den Zusammenfluss mit der Yvette zu. Unterhalb des Flusslaufs der Orge liegt das Bassin du Morsang, das auch als Regenrückhaltebecken verwendet wird.

Im Nordwesten liegt die Gemeinde Villemoisson-sur-Orge, im Norden Savigny-sur-Orge, östlich Viry-Châtillon, im Südwesten Fleury-Mérogis und im Süden und Südwesten Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois.

Verkehr
Durch die Gemeinde führt die Autoroute A6 von Paris nach Lyon.

Geschichte
Ende des 10. Jahrhunderts in der Zeit des Hugo Capets wird die Ortschaft als Murcinctus als Besitztum der Abtei Saint Mangloire erstmals erwähnt, im 12. Jahrhundert als Murcenc. Ab dem 13. Jahrhundert wurde die Kirche Saint-Jean errichtet.

Sehenswürdigkeiten

Siehe auch: Liste der Monuments historiques in Morsang-sur-Orge
 Schloss, Monument historique seit 1979

Persönlichkeiten
 Jacques de Vassan (um 1600–1636), Adliger
 Louis Bénigne François Berthier de Sauvigny (1737–1789), Präsident des Parlaments von Paris, Herr über Morsang-sur-Orge
 Louis Gustave Vapereau (1819–1906), Schriftsteller und Enzyklopädist
 Albert Divo (1895–1966), Automobilrennfahrer
 György Cziffra (1921–1994), Pianist
 Michel Pollien (1937–2013), Bischof
 Alain Chabat (* 1958), Regisseur und Drehbuchautor
 Bruno-Pascal Chevalier (1963–2012), Aktivist
 Virginie Mendes (* 1981), Fußballspielerin
 Ladji Doucouré (* 1983), Leichtathlet (110 m Hürden)

Literatur
 Le Patrimoine des Communes de l'Essonne. Flohic Éditions, Band 2, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84234-126-0, S. 823–828.

Weblinks

Ort in der Île-de-France

Ersterwähnung im 10. Jahrhundert


For our client in concelho Olhão we installed a small photovoltaic system to cover the swimming pool costs. Now the swimming pool is running for free whole year around. We used modules with a micro inverter of APSystems and a trunk cable.


text:
public class Test {

    String str;
    String get(boolean f) {
        return f ? str : str + str;
    }

}


Western blot analysis of extracts from mouse brain tissue using Tau(Phospho-Thr212) Antibody(Lane 2) and the same antibody preincubated with blocking peptide(Lane1).
Immunogen Peptide sequence around phosphorylation site of threonine 212 (S-R-T(p)-P-S) derived from Human Tau.
Specificity The antibody detects endogenous level of Tau only when phosphorylated at threonine 212.


text:
| Noodle house awash in sauce and lethargy
Noodle house awash in sauce and lethargy
12:00 am, Oct 28, 2005
The Asian cuisine scene in New Haven is — in a word — weird. Japanese is scattered about the town, ranging in price from expensive to sell-a-kidney, while Malaysian squats on State Street like an estranged uncle. Thai has such a stranglehold on Chapel Street (we should call the blocks between York and Howe Little Bangkok) and the only Chinese that I will eat sober is tucked in the back of the Asian market on Whitney Avenue (trust me — go there), two doors down from Vietnamese's new foothold.
So what have I left out? Of course, the hallowed halls of Ivy Noodle, proud purveyor of a panoply of pan-Asian provisions. But please do not read scorn into my asinine alliteration: I love Ivy Noodle as much, probably more, than the next guy, but sometimes I would like something just as close, but a little nicer and, dare I say, less greasy.
My day has come – York Street Noodle House, perched squarely atop Yalie's Pizza on York between Chapel and Crown, offers higher quality food in a nicer environment with a negligible increase in cost.
York Street Noodle House is nicely decorated and brightly lit, and despite its small size, still feels open and airy. The waiters are exceedingly friendly and always happy to oblige, but service is spotty at times — on my last visit, they brought me the wrong dish and left me waiting for the check for 15 minutes even though no one else was in the restaurant. But they eventually brought me the correct dish, and when I finally caught someone's attention to ask for the check it came right away. Staff problems are the norm for new restaurants, and they should by no means keep you away from this one.
The restaurant's appetizer selection is impressive. They offer a wide variety of very authentic dim sum dishes, which are all worth a try. I recommend the Vegetable Dumplings ($3), which are available in steamed or fried varieties. The steamed version comes in its own bamboo steamer and has a savory herbaceous flavor that's complemented by the sweet dumpling sauce served alongside.
York Street Noodle House also offers a selection of noodle soups ($4-$7), which are sure to be appealing in the wintertime. Their soups range from the pedestrian Udon to the more adventurous Spicy Fish Ball. All are worth a try.
Nothing is striking about the selection of main dishes, which are primarily the combination and permutation of small set of ingredients and preparations. Everything on the menu is available with chicken, beef, vegetables, seafood or a combination. All are prepared and seasoned the same regardless of which one you choose, so just pick according to your preferences. Prices vary from $4 to $7 depending on ingredient.
The Chinese Noodles come with crispy vegetables that contrast well with the tender noodles. The whole affair is coated in a dark garlicky sauce that is tasty, but a little too sweet and gooey for my palate. The Teriyaki Rice Bowl is a better bet. The sauce is less sweet, and the rice is a little starchier than the noodles, which helps it hold everything together. This is quick Chinese food at its tastiest and most basic.
The Noodles are passable and the Teriyaki is delicious, but the dish not to miss at York Street Noodle House is the Crispy Noodles. The usual mix of meat and vegetables is served on top of crunchy fried noodles. The brittle noodles provide a great texture that's lacking in some of the other dishes. A little broth is poured over the whole thing, so that by the time you're three-quarters done, your dish has mutated into noodle soup — a great way to finish off this meal. The only other main offering, which I was unable to try, is the Fried Rice. But judging by everything else, I'm sure it's good.
There's nothing new, surprising, or innovative about York Street Noodle House, but sometimes you don't want anything new, surprising, or innovative. The restaurant offers quality food at reasonable prices and will fit nicely into the New Haven scene. I wouldn't be surprised to see this little dining area packed at lunch and dinner — it certainly deserves to be.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Thomas Heating Pack is the largest and most complete IV fluid and medication warmer in the EMS industry.
Features of the pack include three interior color coded pockets with elastics designed to hold medications or other IV supplies, and two removable clear vinyl exterior pockets. The outside of the pack is constructed from 1000D water resistant fabric with protective foam and aluminum insulated polyethylene bubbles for maximum heat radiance and temperature maintenance. The exterior of the pack also includes reflective striping for improved visibility.
Heating pack comes complete with insulated IV bag and insulated IV tubing.
*Insulated IV bag and insulated tubing are also sold separately.