In the context of Vietnam's deeper integration into regional and world's economy, domestic firms, especially the SMEs, are now facing fierce competition from foreign enterprises. If not timely and sufficiently supported, these SMEs will not grow proportionately to their existing capacity and drive the country's growth as expected. In an attempt to ease restrictions for SMEs, pave the way for their further development, the Ministry of Planning and Investment has actively coordinated with the Ministry of Finance and other relevant authorities to draft the Law on Supporting SMEs. This Law, being supposed to be officially adopted next year, will introduce a comprehensive set of supporting measures for SMEs based on the country's development targets, strengths of each province and the national resources, with a final aim of increasing the number as well as operation quality of SMEs sector. Details of the Draft Law can be found below.
SMEs – Who are they?
SMEs are enterprises which meet a criterion on total capital OR an average number of working employees, and can be classified into 3 categories: super small enterprises, small enterprises and medium enterprises.
Supporting mechanism – What are specific measures?
The authorities will adopt measures to improve business environment, administrative reforms, ensure transparency and compliance for the business of SMEs. SMEs will be able to access business resources in a fair manner compared with other types of enterprises.
SMEs will have access to various types of bank loans according to their demands at interest rate and terms suitable for their payment capacity and financial status of the banks. With the Government's support, SMEs will improve the feasibility of their business plans, management capacity and transparency in corporate operations, resulting in better ability to access bank credit.
The Fund for developing SMEs will have the function of lending, investing in, sponsoring for SMEs to conduct innovation, putting them in sustainable value chain. In case the activities of the mentioned Fund are caused losses due to force majeure in the business operations of the borrowing entities, relevant persons and organizations will be exempted from criminal penalty.
SMEs are entitled to a tax rate of 3% lower than that stipulated in the Law on Corporate Income Tax. Meanwhile, super small enterprises will enjoy a much lower rate, i.e., 5% lower than that in the Law on Corporate Income Tax.
The Government encourages the development of industrial zones, high-tech zones, economic zones, industrial complex for SMEs to lease. In doing so, enterprises who develop such infrastructure are entitled to a waiver or reduction of land rental according to the Government's regulations. The more area in the industrial zones, high-tech zones, economic zones, industrial complex the SMEs lease, the more preferential treatment in terms of corporate income tax and land rental is granted to the developers.
The Government invests in the form of PPP by allocating land and other resources to establish a national supply chain, which prioritizes goods and products by SMEs. These products will enjoy preferential treatment if falling into the list of innovation goods stipulated by the Government. The Government also supports the establishment and operation of organizations supporting export activities to promote and expand market for SMEs.
Small and super small enterprises are granted exclusive access to construction bid of maximum VND 5 billion and goods/ services bid of maximum VND 3 billion with state budget. For bids having greater value, small and super small enterprises are also prioritized over others pursuant to Article 14.4 of the Law on Bidding. In addition, in case the contractors sub-contract to the SMEs, the main contractors will also enjoy certain preferential treatment when bidding.
The Draft Law also introduces many other programs to support SMEs. Please do not hesitate to contact Oliver Massmann under omassmann@duanemorris.com if you have any questions or want to know more details on the above. Oliver Massmann is the General Director of Duane Morris Vietnam LLC.
This Legal Alert is prepared based on recent official and unofficial discussions with the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs of Vietnam (MOLISA) and its in-charge persons in various meetings/seminars on labor laws of Vietnam.
We highlight below key employment-related issues discussed for your information and specific actions, where necessary.
The MOLISA is working on a draft that amends a number of articles of the Labor Code to reflect TPP and other international treaties and correct shortcomings of the current Labor Code. New issues including setting up independent trade unions, calculation of minimum salaries, working time. It is anticipated that the new Labor Code will be issued in late 2017.
Recommendations/Notes: We will keep you updated of proposed changes to the Labor Code.
According to the MOLISA, there will be an increased range from VND180,000 to VND250,000 (equivalent to approximately US$8-12) of minimum salaries in 2017.
Recommendations/Notes: Please prepare for this inevitable situation, especially with respect to your business plan for the year of 2017.
Under the Labor Code, only experts; managers, executive directors and technical employees are permitted to work in Vietnam.
One of key considerations is that the concept of managers who are permitted to work in Vietnam are now limited to the narrowly defined 'managerial positions' under the Enterprise Law of Vietnam (EL). As such, only few people qualify for managerial positions (e.g. – members of the Members' Council, general directors or other individuals have authority to enter into transactions on behalf of the relevant enterprises) pursuant to these enterprises' charter (or the articles of association in other jurisdictions).
According to the MOLISA, a new circular guiding WPs will be issued soon.
Recommendations/Notes: In order to recruit a foreign manager who unfortunately disqualifies the managerial position criteria, the employers often expand managerial position definition in its charter or persuade the DOLISA, the issuing body of WPs, to accept them as 'expert' who in turn need only to satisfy general conditions (e.g. – acknowledged by the head quarter as expert; having obtained bachelor degree or equivalent; and having had at least 3 years of experience in relevant industry).
In response to request for additional overtime hours, the MOLISA confirms that the amended Labor Code will deal with this issue. The specific overtime hours vary by industry and subject to agreements between employees and employers.
As of 1 January 2018, all employees having labor contract term from 1 month or more including foreigners working in Vietnam must pay compulsory social insurances. However, according to the MOLISA, Vietnam is negotiating with some countries to relax the above rule given more financial burden to be shouldered by foreign invested enterprises. For example, Vietnam and Germany have basically reached in-principle agreements on possible exceptions to the above rule.
Recommendations/Notes: From a financial perspective, the payment of social insurance of expatriates may increase more burdens for enterprises. Please take into account this type of payment when calculating benefits payable to foreign employees and building up your business plan for the year of 2017.
As a matter of practice, a number of foreign invested enterprises send their local staff abroad for training. In exchange, the relevant employee agrees to enter into a training contract which requires him/her to work for the employer for a fixed period of time following his/her completion of the training courses.
In this regard, the Labor Code makes it pretty clear that any employees who terminate labor contracts illegally (either not having termination grounds or failing to send termination notice on time). Nevertheless, the law is silent on whether an employee who has terminated his/her labor contract in accordance with the laws will still be subject to reimbursement of training fees.
According to the MOLISA, employees are still required to reimburse training costs under training contracts regardless of whether they terminate labor contracts legally or not.
Recommendations/Notes: It is of utmost importance that the employer must have a well-drafted and detailed training contract at the outset. Actual [and reasonable] costs that the employer may incur for the benefits of the employee during the training period should also be clearly stated in the training contract. If not, the employee will stick to the fixed amount as agreed in the training contract to limit its reimbursement only.
As a matter of practice, many offshore entities including parent companies of FIEs in Vietnam seek to employ local staff to work on either a seasonal or long-term basis. The Labor Code is silent on whether a labor contract governed by Vietnamese law can be entered into between parties. In such absence, a provision of Circular 30 guiding the Labor Code on labor contracts dated 25 October 2013 makes a list of persons who can act on behalf of the employers. Unfortunately, there is no reference to a person who can act on behalf of the offshore entities. According to a senior expert of the MOLISA, such absence would mean a No for a direct labor contract between offshore employers and local employees.
(iii). a labor outsourcing contract with a labor outsourcing company.
Each of the above options presents its pros and cons and care should be taken in adopting specific plan. For example, direct involvement of local employee may result in a permanent establishment status under tax laws.
Vietnamese law prohibits employers to enter into more than two fixed term labor contracts with each not exceeding 36 months from the signing date. The third labor contracts in such case must be a non-fixed term.
A number of employers seek to avoid this restriction (i.e. – entering into non-fixed term labor contracts with employees) by first terminating fixed term labor contracts upon their expiry, giving a temporary suspension of works for employees and then signing a new fixed term labor contracts.
In this respect, the MOLISA and the Supreme Court of Vietnam opine that such an arrangement can be challenged because a real termination must result in completion of all related works including return of social insurance books, employees' books and settlement of all benefits, etc.
Online enterprise registration is a procedure carried out by the owner of the enterprise or the enterprise itself via the National information gate on enterprise registration.
Online enterprise registration dossier includes the same documents as required by the paper dossier and are converted into electronic form. Online enterprise registration dossier has the same validity as the usual paper one.
The 2014 Enterprise Law allows enterprises to have more than one legal representatives. Signature of each legal representative in enterprise registration documents has the same legal validity. In addition, not only the owner of the enterprise but also the enterprise itself (through its legal representative(s)) could execute the enterprise registration documents and holds responsible for the lawfulness, accuracy and truthfulness of the declared information in the dossier.
–	Submit their financial statements to the business registration authority in accordance with the law.
The ERC concurrently serves as the Tax Registration of the enterprise and the ERC is not a business license. In case there is any inconsistency between the electronic ERC, Branch Registration Certificate, Representative Office Registration Certificate, Certificate on business location and the paper ones, the one which records information in the enterprise registration dossier has legal validity.
Each enterprise is issued with an enterprise code indicated in the ERC. This code is no longer the business registration code but tax code of the enterprise.
In an attempt to reforming administrative procedures and fighting against corruption, Decree 78 clearly states that the enterprise registration authority is not allowed to request for additional documents or other documents not required in the enterprise registration dossier by the law. In this regards, the number of required documents in the application dossier is also reduced significantly.
Time to get an ERC after submission of a valid dossier is shortened to three working days instead of five working days as previously. However, it needs to be seen in practice whether the authority sticks to this timeline.
In case there is any change to the business lines of the enterprise, it does no longer have to register the new business lines but only needs to notify the authority on the same. The notification dossier removes documents confirming the legal capital by the authority in case the new business line requires legal capital; or a valid copy of the certificate of practising for individual according to the specialized areas.
Notably, in a joint stock company, if a founding shareholder has not fully paid for the registered shares, it will automatically no longer be company's shareholder and its name will be removed from the list of founding shareholders of the company.
In many cases, the principal in the contract manufacturing relationship owns some or all of the raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods throughout the manufacturing process. The principal and many of the suppliers are typically outside of the manufacturing jurisdiction.
1.	Generally Speaking, What Are The VAT, Customs And Related Costs (e.g. Broker Fees) That Arise When A Foreign Principal Has Goods Dropped Shipped Into Your Jurisdiction To The Local Contract Manufacturer? In Particular, Is There Any Non-recoverable VAT? If So, Are There Strategies For Avoiding Or Reducing This VAT Cost? With Respect To Customs, Please Provide The Range For The Customs Rates That May Apply. Also Are There Any Planning Techniques That Taxpayers Typically Employ To Reduce Customs Costs? Please Address The Same Issues In Connection With The Export Of The Finished Goods Outside Of The Country.
Most regulations on the Vietnamese VAT regime are included in the Law on Value Added Tax No. 13/2008/QH12 of the National Assembly, as amended by Law No. 71/2014/QH13.
Due to Article 7.3 of the Law on Tax Management, importers are obliged to pay tax in full and in a timely manner, including the VAT.
This norm includes the concept of drop shipping, which means an arrangement between a seller and the manufacturer or distributor of a product that shall be sold. According to the arrangement the product will be shipped to the buyer directly by the manufacturer or distributor and not by the seller. This definition can be understood as an alternative form of import. The law does not make any differences on the way that goods are delivered. Therefore drop shipping is not subject to tax exemptions or reductions.
It should be noted that no VAT is raised for goods in transit or transshipment or crossing Vietnamese borders as well as goods temporarily imported and re-exported and goods temporarily exported and re-imported. There are no further special regulations for drop shipping supplies.
2.	In Many Cases The Principal Supplies Equipment That The Local Contract Manufacturer Uses In The Manufacturing Process. This Equipment May Remain In The Local Jurisdiction For A Substantial Period Of Time. Any Addition VAT Or Customs Issues That Are Unique To The Capital Equipment That The Principal May Import?
3.	Have There Been Any Recent Developments That Impact The VAT, Customs And Related Costs Applicable To Such Structures?
On 25 March 2015, the Ministry of Finance issued Circular No. 38/2015/TT-BTC, according to which machinery and equipment suitable for investment field, target, and scale of the investment project, satisfying other certain conditions, imported as fixed assets of investment projects in the fields or areas eligible for preferential import tax are exempted from taxes.
4.	To The Extent That There Are Significant VAT Or Customs Issues That Arise If The Factory Imports And Owns The Raw Materials And Work-In-Process That Are Contract Manufacturing Specific, Please Let Us Know.
Raw materials and supplies imported for production of goods for export shall be subject to import duties and VAT and shall be entitled to refund of import duties and VAT corresponding to the ratio of exported goods on the basis of the levels of use of raw materials and supplies [Article 114, Circular No. 38/2015/TT-BTC in respect of raw materials and other supplies for production of goods for export].
According to Point c.5) of Circular No. 38/2015/TT-BTC dated 25 March 2015, enterprises that import raw materials for productions ["importing enterprise"] and then sell their products to another enterprise to directly produce or process products for exports ["exporting enterprise"], after the actual export by the exporting enterprise the importing enterprise is entitled to request for refund of import duty tax equivalent with the materials that the exporting enterprise already used.
5.	Are There Any Additional Issues Taxpayers Should Be Aware Of In Connection With Locally Procured Raw Materials And/ Or Finished Goods That Are Sold In The Local Market?
– In the case of the sale of domestic goods to an export processing enterprise, the seller shall be exempt from export duties.
– In the case of the purchase by an export processing enterprise of domestic goods for export (without conducting any production activity), the export processing enterprise must pay export duties.
– In the case of the purchase by an export processing enterprise of domestic goods for the production of goods for export, the export processing enterprise shall be exempt from export duties upon export.
1. As Noted Above, The Principal May Own Raw Materials, Work-In-Process And Finished Goods In The Local Jurisdiction. Is There Any Significant Risk That The Principal Could Have A Local PE Due To The Fact That It Has Such Inventory In The Country? Does It Matter Whether The Principal Has A Local Warehouse?
In Vietnam companies overseas conducting business activities through resident establishments in Vietnam are liable to pay corporate income tax.
According to the definition in Article 2.3 of the Law on Corporate Income Tax, Resident establishment means a business establishment through which a company overseas conducts all or a part of its business activities in Vietnam which earn income. A resident establishment of a company overseas can take different forms that are listed as well in the Law on Corporate Income Tax.
This list includes a representative in Vietnam in a case where it has authority to enter into contracts in the name of a company overseas or a representative which is not competent to enter into contracts in the name of a foreign company but regularly delivers goods or provides services in Vietnam.
This very broad reference might also include principals with assets as named above. These elements are not likely to form the risk of a permanent establishment in Vietnam but the authorities decide about permanent establishments on a case by case basis.
Where a treaty on avoidance of double taxation to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a signatory contains different provisions relating to resident establishments, such treaty shall prevail.
2. Does The Answer Change If The Principal Also Owns Capital Equipment That It Has Provided To The Local Contract Manufacturer?
Also the ownership of capital by the principal does not necessarily bear the risk of a permanent establishment.
3. In Many Cases The Local Contract Manufacturer Purchases The Raw Materials (Either In Its Own Name Or As A Purchasing Agent Acting On Behalf Of The Principal) Because It Knows The Production Schedule Better Than The Principal. In Addition, In Some Cases The Contract Manufacturer May Have More Leverage With The Suppliers. Please Address Any Additional PE Issues That May Arise If The Contract Manufacturer Also Acts As A Purchasing Agent On Behalf Of The Principal.
The Law on Corporate Income Tax provides that the business conducted by a company overseas can be regarded as a resident establishment if the company has an agent that has authority to enter into contracts in the name of the company overseas. Given this the situation above might likely rise a PE.
4.	In Certain Cases, The Principal Will Have Its Own Employees Or Agents In The Factory To Supervise The Contract Manufacturer, Provide Quality Assurance And Sometimes Technical Information. To What Extent Would Independent Or Dependent Agents (That Do Not Have Contract Concluding Authority) Providing Such Services, Combined With The Other Facts Set Forth Above, Result In A PE For The Principal. To The Extent That Actual Employees Or Staff May Result In A PE, Can The Principal Avoid The PE By Forming A Local Subsidiary To Employee The Staff? If So, Can The Subsidiary Be Compensated On A Cost Plus Basis?
Article 1.4.b of Decree No. 24/2007/ND-CP (as amended and partially superseded by Decree No. 218/2013/ND-CP and Decree No. 12/2015/ND-CP) ("Decree No. 24/2007/ND-CP") stipulates that a business is considered as resident establishment if it takes the form of a "location of supervisory activities for construction, construction works, or installation and assembly works.
If the principal wants to be safe regarding the avoidance of a PE, he might establish a Representative Office ["RO"] to perform the tasks named above. This is possible as long as the RO is not doing business. Article 13.1.c of Decree 45 on Representative Offices allows to "monitor and activate the implementation of signed contracts of the foreign business entity or foreign tourism enterprise for which it acts as a representative." This covers the activities named above.
According to Article 37 of the Commercial Law and Article 5 of Decree 45 any foreign business entity or foreign tourism enterprise which has lawful business registration in accordance with the law of the foreign country and has operated for at least 05 (five) years shall be issued with a license to establish a representative office in Vietnam.
5.	To What Extent Do The Answers To These PE Questions Change If The Factory's Sole Activity Is Acting As A Contract Manufacturer For A Single Principal.
This constellation is not directly addressed in Vietnamese Laws. Contract manufacturing for only one single principal might give rise to a PE if tax authorities interpret the business activities of the overseas company according to Article 1.4.b of Decree No. 24/2007/ND-CP [pls. see above under point II.4] as a form of "installation and assembly works".
6.	Assume An Extreme Set Of Facts Where In Addition To The Factors Set Forth Above The Principal Has A High Degree Of Control Over The Operations In The Factory. Assume For Instance That The Principal Hires The Employees And Its Employees In The Factory Have The Power To Stop Production To Correct Problems. At What Point Does The Principal's Control Over The Factory Activity Give Rise To A PE?
We refer to point II.5 above. These business activities will be even more likely be considered as PE.
7.	To The Extent That A PE May Arise In Any Of The General Fact Patters Described Above, Comment On Whether Additional Income Would Be Attributable To The PE. Can The Principal Argue That It Has Paid An Arm's Length Gee Such That There Is No Additional Income That Such Be Taxed In The Jurisdiction? If So, What Transfer Pricing Methodologies Would Typically Be Used To Determine The Amount Of Income Attributable To The PE?
If there are no special rules in tax agreements, the principal can calculate on an arm's length's basis.
The Ministry of Finance has released a Circular on Transfer Pricing which requires companies to make a full self-assessment of their profits, calculated on an arm's length's basis. According to this circular, companies will be required to declare the related party transactions in a prescribed for and submit it within 90 days from the year end. Furthermore, the Circular provides an obligation for companies to maintain transfer pricing documentation to set out the evidence that they have taken place on arm's length's terms.
If companies fail to comply with these terms they risk double taxation and penalties.
In many of your jurisdictions, the government grants tax incentives or holiday for taxpayers that invest in the local economy and manufacture within the country. In many contract manufacturing structures, however, the contract manufacturer receives a cost plus return, and the contract manufacturer generally does not own intangibles.
1.	Is The Taxpayer's Ability To Obtain A Tax Incentive Or Holiday Diminished By Operating Under A Risk-Stripped Structure Where The Local Entity Receives Cost Plus Remuneration?
Exemptions from and reductions of Corporate Income Tax are based on Chapter V of Decree No. 24/2007/ND-CP on Corporate Income Tax.
Tax incentives are provided in cases of encouraged investments. This term covers enterprises located in special export processing zones, enterprises that export a certain percentage of the manufactured goods or enterprises with a certain number of Vietnamese employees or laborers.
The contract manufacturer may carry forward their losses of a financial year to offset against future profits for a maximum of 5 years after the year incurring loss. The enterprise can freely choose how to allocate the loss to the later 5 years. When the 5 years period has lapsed but the loss has not been fully carried forward, the loss is not allowed to be carried forward to the next year.
2.	Is The Taxpayer's Ability To Obtain A Tax Incentive Diminished By The Lack Of Locally Owned Intangible Property?
This case is not addressed by the Vietnamese tax law.
3.	Are There Any Other Aspects In Contract Manufacturing Structures That May Impact A Taxpayer's Ability To Obtain A Tax Incentive Or Holiday?
Chapter V of Decree No. 24/2007/ND-CP provides detailed regulations on all CIT incentives.
Investment projects in certain industries and sectors listed in an appendix to the Investment Law shall be entitled to incentives as well as projects employing average numbers of employees, that are defined in Article 41.
According to the project type and the region of its location the tax rate can be 10, 15, 20 or 50 per cent.
In many cases, U.S. and European multinationals initially establish their local manufacturing operations in Asia as buy/sell entities because they have a local income tax holiday or exemption of some kind for a period of years. The local entity may even own intangibles and bear risk. When the local holiday or exemption ends (or the CFO decides the tax rate is too high), the parent may wish to convert the local entity into a contract manufacturer for a principal in a low-tax jurisdiction to reduce the income earned locally.
1.	If There Are Locally Owned Product Intangibles, Is There A Capital Gains Tax On The Sale Of These Intangibles To A Foreign Owner And If So What Is The Rate? Assume The Local Contract Manufacturer Sells The Intangibles For Cash And Then Declares A Dividend Equal To The Amount Of The Sales Proceeds. Any Dividend Withholding Tax? If So, What Is The Rate? If There Is A Capital Gains Tax Or A Dividend Withholding Tax, in Addition To Discounted Cash Flow, What Other Valuation Approaches, If Any, Are Commonly Used? Are There Other Strategies For Reducing These Costs?
The taxation of the sale of intangibles is addressed in Article 32 of Decree No. 133/2008/ND-CP as amended by Decree No. 120/2014/ND-CP on technology transfer. This norm provides that the transferor has the obligation to pay tax on the amount of money generated from the technology transfer.
2.	In Some Jurisdictions, The Local Authorities May Find That The Local Entity Owns Some Goodwill Or Going Concern Value As A Result Of Its Historic Operations. The Authorities May Assert Capital Gains Tax And Possibly Dividend Withholding Tax On Value Of The Goodwill Or Going Concern Value On The Theory That The New Principal Is Somehow Acquiring The Goodwill Or Going Concern Value In Connection With The Conversion. Is This An Issue In Your Jurisdiction? If So, What Planning Steps Can Be Taken To Minimize This Cost?
This issue is not relevant in Vietnam.
3.	Assume The Local Entity That Historically Manufactured Goods On A Buy/Sell Basis Also Performs R&D And Marketing Activities. In Connection With The Conversion, Should These Activities Be Moved Into Separate Subsidiaries? If So, What Additional Issues Arise In Connection With This Conversion?
4.	In Many Cases, The Local Contract Manufacturer Is A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary Of The Principal. In Such Cases, The Principal May Wish To Compensate The Contract Manufacturer On A Cost Plus Basis, With The Uplift Being A Percentage Of The Manufacturing Costs (And Not The Value Of The End Product). Is This Approach Viable In Your Jurisdiction and What Issues/Exposures Arise In Connection With The Use Of Cost Plus Transfer Pricing?
Transfer pricing rules in Vietnam require that the enterprise pays and Vietnam receives a reasonable rate of return on its activities as if the parties were unrelated [the arm's length principle].
Vietnamese tax law does not provide special rules regarding cost plus transfer pricing. Please see point 2.7 for further information on the Circular on Transfer Pricing.


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For most of us, it may be difficult to imagine daily life without the internet. It is quite probable that those lucky connected individuals access the web using more than one device; laptops, tablets, and on a smartphone or even two... Even so, we must acknowledge that accessing internet is still not possible for almost 60% of the world's population, and the quality of the internet connection in terms of speed and capacity varies greatly, particularly relating to geography.
In order to connect those who don't get a great coverage, or do not get coverage at all, a lot of efforts are being made to expand the fibre, mobile and satellite connectivity networks. Finding the most cost-effective solutions, that will allow internet access at a reasonable speed and capacity around the globe, is essential for the development of the remote communities in particular.
The provision of universal coverage is a sine-qua-none element that will ensure the survival of remote communities and support their developments. Thanks to the internet, these communities can learn, share, trade, and develop their own "e-ecosystems". A particular emphasis should also be placed to ensure that the traditional barriers faced by women and the senior population, in these communities, are overcome.
This presentation will discuss how universal connectivity can be achieved, and how the identified barriers can be overcome to allow Internet access to the unserved and underserved.
Betty Bonnardel-Azzarelli, AB5 Consulting UK "Connectivity for universal service - serving the underserved"


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Каменский кратер — ударный кратер (астроблема) на Земле, расположен на Донецком кряже в бассейне реки Северский Донец, в 10—15 км к востоку от города Каменск-Шахтинский Ростовской области.

Описание
Диаметр кратера составляет , глубина — . В рельефе местности не проявляется. Рядом располагается сателлитный Гусевский кратер диаметром  Кратеры возникли одновременно, в результате падения главного астероида и его меньшего спутника. Оценка возраста кратеров, основанная на  импактного стекла, составляет  лет (эоцен), однако раньше на базе стратиграфических данных высказывалась гипотеза, что кратеры возникли на рубеже мезозоя и кайнозоя, что соответствует событию мезозойского вымирания. Кратеры покрыты слоем отложений глубокинской свиты и четвертичными осадками. Предполагается, что Каменское событие произошло в мелководном морском бассейне.

Кратер возник в слое перемятых средно-верхнекаменноугольных известняков, песчаников и сланцев с прослоями угля толщиной 3—4 км и карбонатно-терригенных и терригенных породах нижней перми толщиной 600 м, несогласно перекрытой терригенными карбонатно-терригенными образованиями времён нижнего триаса (150 м) и верхнего мела (300 м).

Каменский кратер по своей структуре комплексный, ложе кратера находится в породах карбона и имеет центровое поднятие диаметром 5—7 км и высоту примерно 350—400 м. Стратиграфический взброс пород составляет  Вокруг центрального поднятия — кругообразный желобом глубиной 700—800 м.

Аутигенная брекчия, составляющая ложе кратера, плавно переходит в аллогенную полимиктовую брекчию, которую составляют фрагменты пород мишени, цементированных всё тем же дроблённым материалом с вкраплениями импактного стекла. Толщина аллогенной брекчии примерно 700 метров в границах кругообразного желоба  над центровым поднятием. В брекчии есть линзы зювитоподобных пород, где в большом количестве присутствует разложенное импактное стекло.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Каменская земля хранит тайны
 По следам Каменского метеорита

Ударные кратеры России
Рельеф Ростовской области
Эоцен

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home Academics Researchers at Shiv Nadar University Develop an Invisible Security Ink
Researchers at Shiv Nadar University Develop an Invisible Security Ink
New Delhi: Shiv Nadar University, a leading multidisciplinary and research-oriented university, today announced that its research team comprising Dr. Debdas Ray, Associate Professor, and his doctoral student, Mr. Harsh Bhatia, from the Department of Chemistry, have created a unique 'security ink'. The ink is not visible under normal lighting conditions, but the inked data can get revealed when placed under ultraviolet (UV) light sources. The research has used organic compounds, which are environment friendly, low in toxicity and not harmful to the human body, to develop this ink.
The ink by virtue of its chemical composition can alter its emission abilities under specific light conditions, thereby giving it the ability to provide additional layers of security to enhance its anti-counterfeit capabilities. Thus, it can provide a higher degree of safety and authenticity to a host of government documents (stamp-papers, passports, cheques, etc), currency, private classified documents as well as night-vision products used by private and government agencies.
Highlighting the importance of this invention, Dr Rupamanjari Ghosh, Vice-Chancellor, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, said, "At Shiv Nadar University, we are dedicated to create a research-based culture focused on providing creative and sustainable solutions to myriad problems faced by our country and the globe. An intriguing result observed in our Chemistry research laboratory has led to this useful, quality invention, and I would like to congratulate our research team for their work. Security ink market is expected to grow at roughly 8.3% over the next five years owing to rise in forgery and counterfeiting activities, to reach US$ 1.3billion in 2024, up from US$ 941.8 million in 2019. This indigenous research may give us an edge."
The ink is made with the help of a commercially available polymer known as polyvinyl alcohol, dissolved in an organic solvent, either tetrahydrofuran or ethanol. After writing the characters with this ink, the paper is allowed to dry at ambient conditions for four hours, and afterwards it can be used for intended applications.
This security ink phenomenon incorporates the elements of both fluorescence (emission of light immediately after light exposure) and phosphorescence (in which the absorbed radiation is re-emitted on a slightly longer timescale). When the UV light is switched on, the characters become visible in a white background due to the involvement of both fluorescence and phosphorescence, and as soon as the light is switched off, the characters remain visible in a different colour only for a fraction of a second, due to phosphorescence.
The research has been published in the prestigious scientific journal, The Journal of Physical Chemistry.
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Today, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) announced more than $5.8 million to fund partnerships in scientific cooperation on research projects to discover,...
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


BUFFALO, N.Y. -- Scott Sandelin acknowledged having his doubts through several low points of the season as to whether his Minnesota Duluth players were motivated enough to repeat as college hockey champions.
Leaning on the leadership of senior and captain Parker Mackay and the stingy goaltending of junior Hunter Shepard, Minnesota Duluth became the ninth school to defend its title following a 3-0 win over upstart Massachusetts.
"You never know how they're going to come back. Are they really super motivated to get back there?'' Sandelin said.
Mackay was named the Frozen Four MVP after he opened the scoring and added an assist. Shepard stopped 18 shots for his seventh shutout of the season and nation-leading 29th victory while improving his NCAA tournament record to 8-0.
The Bulldogs (29-11-2) became the first school to win consecutive titles since Denver in 2004 and '05. It's the third championship for Minnesota Duluth, which beat Notre Dame in the Frozen Four final a year ago and won in 2011.
Leave it to Mackay to lead the way in closing his career with a five-game point streak in which he combined for four goals and three assists. That included opening the NCAA tournament by scoring the tying goal with 3:01 left and scoring the winner in a 2-1 overtime victory over Bowling Green.
"It's incredible. Obviously, you can't write it any better than that,'' said Mackay, who appeared in 14 tournament games, in which the Bulldogs reached three consecutive finals starting with a loss to Denver in 2017.
Mikey Anderson had a goal and two assists, and Noah Cates sealed the win by scoring with 2:42 remaining.
The Bulldogs' experience on the big stage proved to be an edge over a young UMass team. The Minutemen (31-10) were making their first appearance in the championship game, in just the second tournament berth in school history.
UMass eclipsed its previous single-season-best win total of 21, logged in 2007, while two years removed from a five-win finish in coach Greg Carvel's first season.
The game could be the final one at UMass for Bulldogs sophomore defenseman Cale Makar. The Hobey Baker award-winning player has been weighing the decision whether to turn pro and join the Colorado Avalanche, who are in the midst of a first-round NHL playoff series with Calgary.
Coach Carvel initially joked that he hoped Makar would return for a third season before acknowledging that the defenseman has likely played his last game at UMass.
Freshman Filip Lindberg stopped 28 shots and had little chance on either of the Bulldogs' first two goals.
NOTES: UMass played minus forward Bobby Trivigno, who served a one-game NCAA suspension for an illegal hit to the head against Denver on Thursday. ... With UMass advancing to the final, Hockey East has had an NCAA-leading 29 teams play for the title the past 21 years. ... Sandelin improved his tournament record to 21-6, and the Bulldogs' 29 wins were the most since they went 36-9-3 in 1984-85.


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OPTIMUM DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF SINGLE TOGGLE JAW CRUSHER Shyam Sundar.V Professor, Department Of Mechanical EngineeringAssistant Marbaselios College of Engineering and Technology Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, (India) ABSTRACT A jaw crusher is a kind of size reduction machine which is widely used in mineral, aggregates and metallurgy fields..
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The beneficiaries emerged after BPE carried out a verification within the six geo-political zones in 2016. The publish FG releases N1.05 billion to settle entitlements of defunct PHCN staff appeared first on Premium Times Nigeria.
Nigeria at present boasts 114 cinema screens which service a inhabitants estimated, in 2018, at 198 million. The publish Lack of cinemas hampering Nollywood growth — PwC appeared first on Premium Times Nigeria.
Each campaigns allege a spontaneous uptick in violent aggression towards supporters forward of elections Saturday. The submit OsunDecides: APC, PDP bicker over violent attacks on loyalists appeared first on Premium Times Nigeria.
A commissioner who was sacked to appease Mr Akpabio, has been reappointed. The publish Akwa Ibom governor nominates another Akpabio's relative commissioner appeared first on Premium Times Nigeria.
Mr Obono-Obla is alleged to have gained admission to UNIJOS with a pretend "O' Degree end result. The submit Buhari's aide, accused of certificate forgery, says he is not under pressure to resign appeared first on Premium Times Nigeria.
The Federal Authorities has assured the organised Labour that the Tripartite Committee on the Nationwide Minimal Wage would conclude its negotiation earlier than the expiration of the 14-day ultimatum.
Mr Okoi Obono-Obla, Chairman, Particular Presidential Investigation Panel on the Restoration of Public Property, has denied studies that he was underneath strain to resign, saying the "purported report is fake, baseless and depraved".
The Federal Authorities has launched about N1.05 billion to settle excellent claims and entitlements of 408 employees and retirees of the defunct Energy Holding Firm of Nigeria (PHCN).
The Nigerian Meteorological Company (NiMet) has predicted probabilities of scattered thunderstorms and rainfall over most elements of the nation on Friday.


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Rehab and treatment ideas or perceptions that are entirely untrue are what many people have. Anybody can get treatment and it shouldn't be an alarming or overpowering background.
Whether this is your first time considering recovery or you've attempted different alternatives unsuccessfully, it's flawlessly common to fear the obscure.
You shouldn't give cool feet a chance to keep you away from settling on a choice that could radically improve your life.
It's imperative to know truth from fiction when consider entering recovery.
People seem to think that rehab is for ex-child stars and rich celebrities in reality shows because of what is propagated by the media. While celebrity gossip shows use rehab as the punchline to jokes about stars battling their addictions, movies like 28 Days show a Hollywood-tinged version of the rehab experience. This is a lot of discouragement and can make one quit. However, treatment is available for the common man, but without the public exposure of celebrities.
Another group of people who are commonly known for getting treatment is the ones who are really bad off, on the other end of the spectrum. Most people believe that treatment will only work after a person has faced very serious challenges such as a near-death experience or homelessness.
Even those addicts that are able to function properly have still managed to find rehab useful, meaning it is not just for those whose life has hit its lowest point. Making the decision to change your life doesn't have to wait until things get as worse as they could be.
Buprenorphine - A mild opioid that is rarely abused and it lessens withdrawal pains from opioid addiction.
Methadone - The drug is used for severe Heroin and opioid dependency, but it has the same efficacy as Buprenorphine.
Naltrexone - Reduces effects of both alcohol and opioids and also eases cravings.
Some treatment focuses, particularly inpatient focuses, can be expensive. If you need financial assistance in paying for rehabilitation, many payment options can be found. Numerous protection arranges cover a few or the greater part of the expenses of treatment and a few projects take into account installment arranges or diminished costs in view of money related needs. You shouldn't have to suffer with addiction alone because you lack financial support.
Personal motives are insufficient when it comes to seeing treatment plans all the way through, although they are an importance of it. Treatment is a complex process that combines supervised detox, counselling and support groups to ensure that you not only give up the drug but also find a way of staying clean for the rest of your life.
There is a strike of balance between compassion and tough love in the best treatment centres. The staff and medical teams know that going through this process can be difficult.
At the end of the day, their goal is to see you get through the early stages of recovery at the same time preparing you for the future. Treatment is usually a critical first step, but the recovery journey is a lifetime process.
There is a medical option available for everyone; it does not matter what your drug of choice is, how far gone you are, or whether you are rich or poor. It's the best venture you can make in yourself and your future. Contact us today on 0800 246 1509 for assistance in getting your life back.


text:
DEA Proposes Hemp And CBD Rules To Comply With Crop's Legalization
The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) on Thursday unveiled proposed rules for hemp and CBD to put the federal agency officially in compliance with the 2018 Farm Bill.
While DEA stressed that the policies laid out in this interim final rule have already been in effect since hemp was federally legalized, it said the new filing to be published in the Federal Register on Friday will codify those regulations. These "conforming changes to DEA's existing regulations" will be open to public comment.
DEA is revising the definition of THC and marijuana extracts under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) to exclude substances that are considered legal hemp (containing no more than 0.3 percent THC).
It is also making it so any CBD-based drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are removed from Schedule V.
Finally, the proposed regulations remove restrictions on importing and exporting hemp and its derivatives.
"This interim final rule merely conforms DEA's regulations to the statutory amendments to the CSA that have already taken effect, and it does not add additional requirements to the regulations," the filing says. "Accordingly, there are no additional costs resulting from these regulatory changes."
The removal of FDA-approved CBD medications is consistent with an action that DEA seemed to take prior to the release of this interim final rule. GW Pharmaceuticals announced in April that its FDA-approved cannabidiol epilepsy medication Epidiolex was taken of that schedule.
When it comes to excluding a broader class of newly legal hemp products from the federal definition of still-illegal marijuana, DEA clarified how THC content comes into play.
"The definition of hemp does not automatically exempt any product derived from a hemp plant, regardless of the Δ,9 -THC content of the derivative," it said. "In order to meet the definition of 'hemp,' and thus qualify for the exemption from schedule I, the derivative must not exceed the 0.3% Δ,9-THC limit."
"As a result, a cannabis derivative, extract, or product that exceeds the 0.3% Δ9 -THC limit is a schedule I controlled substance, even if the plant from which it was derived contained 0.3% or less Δ9 -THC on a dry weight basis," the agency said.
While DEA is formalizing these regulations for hemp and CBD, it hasn't necessarily been an eager partner in the crop's legalization, according to Agriculture Secretary Sonny Purdue.
He said on a couple occasions this year that the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) faced pressure from the federal agency as it developed its own set of regulations for hemp, leading to more restrictive policies that stakeholders are pushing back on.
Purdue said DEA "really didn't like the whole program to begin with," referring to hemp reform.
In any case, DEA says it is following through on its statutory obligations with this new interim final rule. The agency wrote that while asking for public comment on the proposed regulation is "unnecessary in this instance" because they are simply conforming with the new law and DEA "has no discretion" over it, it will still be soliciting input after the notice is published.
"To the extent required by law, DEA will consider and respond to any relevant comments received" during the 60-day window, it said.
While DEA is complying with the federal policy change on hemp and its derivatives, it is actively fighting lawsuits concerning its marijuana regulations.
Scientists and veterans sued the federal agency in May, arguing that the legal basis DEA has used to justify keeping cannabis in Schedule I of the CSA is unconstitutional. A federal appeals court on Tuesday denied the agency's request to dismiss the lawsuit.
In a separate lawsuit against DEA, medical cannabis patients challenging the federal prohibition of marijuana are asking the U.S. Supreme Court to take their case after a series of rulings in lower courts since the original lawsuit was filed in 2017.
DEA is also facing pressure to approve additional marijuana manufacturers for research purposes. A bipartisan coalition of lawmakers demanded that the agency "expeditiously" finalize rules to license more growers in a letter this week.
Top State Cops Tell Congress To Legalize Marijuana As New Poll Shows Strong Voter Support
Photo courtesy of Brendan Cleak.
Psychedelics Group Raises $30 Million From Execs At GoDaddy, SpaceX And Others For MDMA Study
Watch The First Ad For Oregon's Drug Decriminalization Ballot Measure
Kyle Jaeger is Marijuana Moment's Los Angeles-based associate editor. His work has also appeared in High Times, VICE and attn.


At Advantage Chiropractic, we recognize that your choice of a chiropractor in San Francisco is driven both by the chiropractor's competency and personality. When searching for chiropractic treatment, you need a chiropractor who is experienced, understanding and supportive. You get this caring attitude from all the staff at Advantage Chiropractic every day. Our staff works together as a team to ensure we are responsive to your needs and keep you informed about your health issues. We look forward to getting to know you.


As with many aspects of life, the secret to having your dream published is to surround yourself with talented people.
Deb and Dave Edwards of Rams Skull Press are my publishers. They are honest country people who gave me my start, as they have done for many others, and printed my first book, Catching Legends. They have a niche business, primarily publishing the work of Dave's father, the late Ron Edwards OAM. They now provide me with the ISBN, Catalogue in Publication, encouragement and the distribution network to reach retailers and wholesalers worldwide. We use small print-on-demand runs. The costs stay manageable.
My blog website at http://www.jimreaywriter.net , and the links from the websites of the others in the process, provide the word of mouth and Internet presence.
Check out the links, find the talented people that suit you and make a start. No pain!


• The cost of commuting. Scientists and doctors have long known that there's a connection between infant health and the distance a pregnant woman has to travel to get to her doctor's office.
But there's another link discovered by researchers at Lehigh University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison—between infant health and the distance a woman has to travel to get to her job every day.
In a first-of-its-kind study, scientists Yang Wang and Muzhe Yang examined the birth records of women in New Jersey in concert with their home and work addresses. Adding 10 miles to a pregnant woman's commute increased the likelihood of low birth weight, delivering via C-section, and intrauterine growth restriction, or when a baby doesn't reach a normal size as measured throughout the pregnancy.
The reasons are fascinating—both maternal stress, or the stress of commuting long distances, and the simple fact that commuting 50-plus miles twice daily (the Census definition of a long-distance commute) eats into the time a woman has to go to prenatal visits. In fact, this study also discovered a connection between the length of a commute and how early and often a woman makes it to her prenatal checkups, or not.
Like the maternal mortality crisis that crosses income lines for black women (an issue, in related reading, that Rep. Lauren Underwood is tackling), the costs of commuting while pregnant cross economic demographics. The women in this study are relatively wealthy, living in zip codes with average household income of $75,118.40. Many are likely living far away from their jobs by choice, to live in rural or suburban communities.
This particular study has some areas ripe for follow-up; it only measured commutes by distance, leaving out women with commutes that may be short by mileage but long in time and high in stress on public transportation.
You can read more about the study here, including the perspective of Flor Bacasegua, a California woman I spoke to who commuted 45 minutes each way during her fourth pregnancy. And keep in mind the policy implications of these findings: even more proof of our need for paid family leave, including before a child is born.


Softcover, first edition, 372gms, 232 pages. Book is in good condition with mild general wear and tear and light page discolouration throughout, small pen and texta mark on the inside front and back pages, otherwise no other pre-loved markings. Attached picture is of actual book. Purchase more than 1 item and save money with combined postage. And if you can't find the title you're looking for - why not ask us direct. With over 30,000 books in stock we can't list them all!


Laura presented her version of protest through song at the Music District workshop, "Shout it Out," in Fort Collins, CO on November 22, 2016. She speaks of the threads of change in her TED Talk and through her band the Mynabirds.
She is accustom to the spotlight and chooses to use it to make a difference in this world. Laura is using her voice through creative projects in an attempt to help heal the nation. She hopes to see a significant shift occurring in thought leaders, as the country experiences this division. The idea is to use art as a powerful form of protest. Laura explained how she devoted her voice to protest in Under the Radar Magazine interview in September of 2012.
"Shout it Out," was an open dialogue of writing, reflecting, and sharing. Laura expressed hopeful intentions of it being a refuge for the artist who was contemplating where to put their emotions.
Participants had moments to reflect on what it means to them to protest through song and write about it. Everyone shared what they wrote with the group. Attendees were from places as far as South Africa who spoke of protest songs from around the globe. In South Africa, some of the most turbulent times brought people together singing in pubs, enjoying songs of protest because they could not openly protest the government. There is a beauty in people gathering for music in times of trouble and strife.
There was a feeling of decompression in the room from the most recent election in almost every piece of writing. Wide age ranges brought viewpoints from many revolutions that have happened for centuries. The perspectives were all very different, yet the willingness to share was outpouring.
Music has been a form of protest throughout the ages. Music is a mechanism that artist use to evoke emotion or propel change. There is a movement rising in the arts community that is using art to protest the transitional state of the nation.
In the 1960's the song "Dancing in the Streets" was released just as the Vietnam War escalated. It became "a call to arms" song, for protesters. Time happens and the world ages, but it is clear that music is the vehicle of peace.
In the most recent election, "30 Days and 30 Songs," was released on an Independent Website. Modern Day artist wrote songs to protest Trump. To learn more listen to the Spotify playlist.


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Castle Island Brewing Company: South Boston is now open!
Q: Where is the new taproom located?
A: In the Cole Hersee Building at 10 Old Colony Avenue in scenic South Boston, MA. Just a six-minute stroll from the Broadway T Station!
Q: What are your hours?
A: We're open seven days a week: Thu – Sat 11 AM to 12 AM, Sun – Wed 11 AM to 10 PM.
Q: Can I make a reservation, or can I just walk in?
A: Reservations are available at cibeer.co/southieresy right now. Reserved seating is limited, and only for parties up to 8 people. We will also welcome walk-ins on a first come, first served basis, but reservations are highly recommended.
Q: Do you have any COVID-related restrictions?
A: We will always recognize and observe the current COVID-related restrictions as mandated by the City of Boston and State of Massachusetts. As of Saturday, January 15th, 2022, all individuals ages 12 and over shall be required to present proof of at least one dose of vaccination, in either a one-dose or two-dose series, per Order of the City of Boston.
Q: Are you hiring?
A: YES! Go to cibeer.co/jobs and apply today!
Q: What can we expect?
A: Besides a bunch of delicious beer, you can expect a 10-barrel innovation brewery, a tasting room and event space, and Bardo's Bar Pizza churning out South Shore-style bar pizza!
Q: Why a second location?
A: Well, why not? It's no secret that with our namesake being a landmark in South Boston, we wanted to open our facility in the city from the start. We found our home in Norwood and it was a better fit for us to get things started, but when we were presented with the opportunity to open up a second location in South Boston, we couldn't say yes fast enough.
Q: Are you leaving Norwood?
A: NO WAY. We love the home that we've built in Norwood dearly, and plan to have our production headquarters and taproom there for a long, long time.
Q: Can I bring my kids/dog/cat/pet dolphin?
A: Well-behaved children are more than welcome with their families, but unfortunately, the City of Boston says no animals allowed in the Taproom. (And you really shouldn't have a dolphin as a pet. They belong in the ocean.)
Q: Most important: what are we gonna be drinking!?
A: All of your favorite classic Castle Island beers, limited releases, one-offs and collabs, and some exclusive new stuff that you'll only be able to find in South Boston. In addition to that, we'll have a wide variety of non-alcoholic beverages for our friends who don't partake or are driving. (Please note: we are only licensed to pour what we brew, therefore we don't have any wine/cider/liquor. We do have an in-house seltzer that we carry most of the time as well.)
Q: What kind of food do you have?
A: Our culinary partners-in-crust Bardo's Bar Pizza has curated an awesome food menu featuring South Shore-style bar pizza, cutlet sandwiches, salads, and small plates. (Note: This means we cannot allow outside food, not that you'd want to…)
Q: Do you have live music/trivia/karaoke/bingo/paint night/basket weaving/etc.?
A: We will soon! (Working on some licensing, etc.)
Q: THERE'S AN EVENT SPACE?! Can I book my birthday/wedding/co-ed baby shower/corporate function/fundraiser/niece's bat mitzvah there?
A: We are! Fill out our Events Request page here and someone will reach out to you within two business days!
Any other questions? Feel free to reach out using our Contact Page.
Sun – Wed
11am to 10pm
Thurs – Sat
11am to 12am
Check out our events section to see what we're up to at the taproom and elsewhere.
Give us the details about your upcoming event and we'll see if we can set you up!


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Q: Symfony2 throws doctrine exception "check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'group' " I'm working on a symfony project, I tried to add a data to database using entity but I got an Doctrine sql error?!!!!
so any help is appritiated in advanced
I made an entity myselft which is :
/**
 * @ORM\Table(name="u001_user_group")
 * @ORM\Entity
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     * @var integer
     *
     * @ORM\Column(name="group", type="integer", length=20, nullable=false)
     */
    private $group;

    public function setGroup($group)
    {
        $this->group = $group;

        return $this;
    }

    public function getGroup()
    {
        return $this->group;
    }
}

And when I try to add something like this:
$UserGroup= new UserGroup();
            $UserGroup->setUser($registerAction->getId());
            $UserGroup->setGroup(4);
            $em->persist($UserGroup);
            $em->flush();

it give me this error:

An exception occurred while executing 'INSERT INTO u001_user_group
  (user, group) VALUES (?, ?)' with params [20, 4]:
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1064 You have an
  error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your
  MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'group) VALUES
  (20, 4)' at line 1

A: What @nifr said.
Just to add, if you absolutely need to use group you can use backticks to escape it like so:
/**
 * @var integer
 *
 * @ORM\Column(name="`group`", type="integer", length=20, nullable=false)
 */
private $group;

But generally speaking it's good practice to avoid reserved words.

A: group is a reserved keyword in MySQL.
Change the column name to resolve this issue.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
TikTok Studio
OK COOL 2023 ©
Virtual realty: Why you should jump into the metaverse property boom
by Jolyon Varley
➡ Investors and DAOs are parting with vast sums of money to own land in the metaverse
➡ The virtual property market – right now – looks like a clone of the IRL one. But that might change as more land is created
➡ Last year metaverse real estate sales reached $500m according to MetaMetric Solutions
Mark Twain had some smart investment advice for readers during his lifetime: "Buy land," he wrote, "they aren't making it anymore." Until recently this statement held true. But now in the era of Web3, designers and coders are hard at work creating virtual landscapes for the metaverse. There might be a finite surface area on our planet. But online, the world is expanding ever outwards.
This flourishing of the metaverse is ushering in a virtual real estate boom, where investors are parting with vast sums to own land in places like Decentraland and The Sandbox. Plots are represented and traded as NFTs, changing hands in much the same way as IRL land. Your acreage can be used for whatever you want – socialising, gaming, events, ads or anything in the rich plethora of metaverse activities. Last year metaverse real estate sales reached $500m according to MetaMetric Solutions. In 2022, forecasters anticipate that figure to double.
The next domain
Where some see a bonanza, others see a bubble. There are those who are paying over the odds for metaverse plots – but consider the parallels with previous iterations of the internet. Buying a prime location in The Sandbox is the equivalent of a killer domain name back in the days of web 1.0. Or a social media handle consisting of your first name in Web 2.0 (@Jolyon is mine 🙃).
As with real estate investment in big cities IRL, it's vital to buy in the right neighbourhood. You need locales that are likely to increase in value – with good amenities and famous neighbours help. Desirable virtual districts like this are already forming. Consider the anonymous buyer of the neighbouring property to Snoop Dogg, who parted with $450,000 for the privilege of living next to the rapper's Sandbox estate. Then there's MetaCollective DAO, a group of venture capitalists who bought a plot next to Bored Ape Yacht Club and Adidas there. Since the DAO bought the land eight months ago, its value has increased tenfold according to Time magazine.
New property magnates
Opportunities like this have piqued the interest of those with vision and deep pockets. For instance, Everyrealm – a metaverse company that used to be called Republic Realm – broke records recently by spending $4.3m on a plot of land in The Sandbox. The organisation has land in Decentraland and Sominium too, holding over 3,000 NFTs and investing in 25 different game worlds, according to crypto news site Decrypt.
Innovation businesses like Everyrealm are getting rich from buying virtual land, but so are the designers and Web3 impresarios that are designing and building the land itself. NFT Worlds is a new project that allows users to purchase land in the shape of NFTs for sandbox-style game Minecraft. Using open-source software from the game, developers were able to mint 10,000 Worlds that appear as different landscapes – like snow-covered tundra, forests and volcanic rocks. The floor price for one of these? 14.5 Ethereum – that's somewhere in the region of $38,150.
Planning to build on your metaverse property portfolio? Or know an insider tip on the next hot destination to buy? Get at me in the DMs or comments.
15 • 02 • 2022
Game-changer: Web3 is creating a new gaming economy
The metaverse is about to go IRL: your retail or hospitality brand should get ready
ok Mentor


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Kansas City Royals Reach First World Series Since 1985
Eric Hosmer's first-inning ground ball produced two runs, and the Royals completed a four-game sweep of the Baltimore Orioles with a 2-1 victory in Game 4 of the American League Championship Series in Kansas City on Wednesday afternoon.
Joe Student
2013 World Series Recap — Red Sox Beat Cardinals, 6-1
Shane Victorino had two hits and four runs batted in, and the Red Sox beat the St. Louis Cardinals, 6-1, in Boston on Wednesday night to win their third World Series in 10 years.
Who Will Win the 2013 World Series?
After a 162-game regular season and some thrilling postseason action, the World Series is finally upon us. This year, the St. Louis Cardinals and Boston Red Sox have the honor of battling for Major League Baseball's crown. But who will win it all?
Jay Sanin
2013 World Series Preview & Schedule — St. Louis Cardinals vs. Boston Red Sox
The Boston Red Sox and St. Louis Cardinals will face off in the 2013 World Series beginning Wednesday night at Fenway Park. Here's a preview of the Fall Classic:
2013 NLCS Recap — Cardinals Beat Dodgers, 9-0, Advance to World Series
Michael Wacha allowed just two hits in seven innings, and the St. Louis Cardinals won the N.L. pennant and advanced to the World Series by beating the Los Angeles Dodgers, 9-0, in Game 6 of the National League Championship Series (NLCS) on Friday night.
Giants Top Tigers To Win Game 1 of World Series
Pablo Sandoval was 4-4 with homeruns in his first 3 at bats and Justin Verlander allowed 6 hits and 5 earned runs in 4 innings to take the loss.
St. Louis Cardinals Beat the Texas Rangers 6-2 to Win World Series
Allen Craig hit a solo home run to provide the go-ahead run, as the St. Louis Cardinals beat the Texas Rangers 6-2 in Game 7 to win the 2011 World Series four games to three in St. Louis on Friday night.
Third baseman David Freese, who was named the World Series MVP, had a two-run double in the botto…
Cardinals Beat Rangers On Freese Homerun
The St. Louis Cardinals stayed alive in the World Series after a dramatic come from behind 10-9 win in 11 innings Thursday night in St. L0uis. David Freese hit a walk-off homerun in the 11th to win it. St. Louis was down to their final strike in both the 9th and 10th innings...
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text:
Biden Signs Executive Order Blocking Chinese Investments In US Technology
Photo by Drew Angerer/Getty Images)
Micaela Burrow Reporter
President Joe Biden issued an executive order Thursday to increase scrutiny of foreign investments in areas considered critical for U.S. economic power, aimed at countering Chinese access to key technologies.
The order expands the duties of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) to block foreign acquisition of firms that might give adversarial countries, especially China, insight into "microelectronics, artificial intelligence, biotechnology and biomanufacturing, quantum computing, advanced clean energy, and climate adaptation technologies." In a first for the executive branch, the order explicitly ties CFIUS activities to the national security priorities of the Biden administration, including supply chain resilience, data protection, cybersecurity and .
"Although foreign investments can in many circumstances help to foster domestic innovation, it is vital to protect U.S. technological leadership, especially when foreign investments involve sectors that are critical to U.S. national security," the order stated. (RELATED: Social Media Exec Refuses To Stop Sending Data To China)
While the order does not explicitly mention China, it comes as the Biden administration pursues a wide-ranging strategy to maintain economic and technological dominance, lessening economic reliance on China and increasing competitiveness worldwide. It will likely disproportionately affect Chinese investments amid longstanding accusations China routinely attempts to steal U.S. trade secrets.
CFIUS was commissioned in the Ford administration to review investment proposals that could have a direct impact on national security, but Biden's order will broaden the scope of potential risks, according to The New York Times. The national security environment has "evolved," however, requiring a parallel evolution in the CFIUS review process, the order stated.
Threat actors could take advantage of information or data obtained in a transaction and apply it to hostile ends, according to the statement. The order instructs the committee to review transactions that fall under the areas covered by the order to determine whether it could "reasonably result in future advancements and applications in technology" and undermine national security.
"When viewed in the context of previous transactions, it may become apparent that such investments can facilitate sensitive technology transfer in key industries or otherwise harm national security," the order stated.
Chinese investments in US farmland put our food security at risk & provide opportunities for espionage against our military bases & critical infrastructure. Instead of allowing these purchases, the US government must bar the CCP from purchasing our land.https://t.co/vUdUJXkUFh
— Tom Cotton (@SenTomCotton) August 2, 2022
The order addresses a perceived shortfall in the CHIPS Act Congress passed in July that left out certain priorities, according to the NYT.
The CHIPS Act provides subsidies for domestic engineering and manufacturing initiatives for critical technologies, including semiconductors, as the U.S. seeks to reshore critical industries, according to officials.
However, the order does not regulate "outbound investment" of American companies in China, despite known instances where China requires companies to hand over key data or trade secrets as the price for access to the vast Chinese market, the NYT reported.
China represents the largest threat to economic and technological security, FBI director Christopher Wray said in a joint appearance with the UK's intelligence head.
"The Chinese government is set on stealing your technology — whatever it is that makes your industry tick — and using it to undercut your business and dominate your market," he said.
The White House did not immediately respond to the Daily Caller News Foundation's request for comment.
All content created by the Daily Caller News Foundation, an independent and nonpartisan newswire service, is available without charge to any legitimate news publisher that can provide a large audience. All republished articles must include our logo, our reporter's byline and their DCNF affiliation. For any questions about our guidelines or partnering with us, please contact licensing@dailycallernewsfoundation.org.
Tags : china chips act committee on foreign investment in the united states president joe biden
Micaela Burrow


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A touching gift for a loved one, helping them capture their life story and aspirations in handwriting. Designed to make it easy for everyone to record and share their amazing memories from every stage of life, these journals include inspiring guided questions. By personalizing your gift you can amend, add or delete questions, as well as include a message printed inside your gift. Additionally you can add a more personal name or title to the cover, with some titles also allowing you to add your own photos to the cover design.


text:
NFLA All Ireland Sustainable Energy Forum holds its autumn seminar considering the impacts of a 'no deal' Brexit on energy, the climate emergency and best practice local sustainable energy examples in Ireland
The NFLA All Ireland Sustainable Energy Forum will hold its autumn seminar this Friday 18th October in Dublin City Hall. (1) The Forum, which promotes sustainable and decentralised energy solutions across the island of Ireland, as well as campaigning against nuclear safety issues to it from across the Irish Sea, will be discussing core issues like the impact of a 'no deal' Brexit on energy in Ireland, the moves by Councils to pass 'climate emergency resolutions' and promoting best practice in delivering sustainable energy and climate change mitigation strategies at the local level.
The Forum remains concerned that the island of Ireland is lagging behind the rest of Europe in delivering low carbon energy policies that will mitigate against the worst effects of climate change. Ireland is looking increasingly unlikely to meet its 2020 low carbon targets and has major obstacles to overcome to reach much more ambitious targets set for 2030 and 2050.
The Forum believes local councils from across the island of Ireland should be a core part of the endeavour to reduce carbon. An increasing amount of Councils are understanding the challenges of the 'climate emergency' and reacting positively to the challenge being raised by climate change groups in passing resolutions pledging them to reach 'low carbon' targets over the next decade or so. Through detailed reports, the Forum is promoting the best practice that is out there to Councils to deliver deeper carbon cuts whilst calling on central government in Dublin and Belfast to provide it with greater resources and powers in order to play its critical role in this endeavour.
Speakers at the seminar include:
Forum Co-Chairs Councillor John Trainor and Councillor Malcolm Noonan, who will encourage councillors across Ireland to join the relaunched Forum.
Seamus Hoyne, Chair of the Tipperary Energy Agency, one of the best examples of local low carbon energy promotion on the island.
Cormac Walsh, Director of Energy Cooperatives Ireland Ltd, who are working with many projects promoting decentralised energy across Ireland.
Pete Roche, NFLA SC Policy Advisor, will profile its recent report on the climate change challenge in Ireland and the role Councils are, and should play. (2)
Sean Morris, NFLA SC Secretary, who will profile its recent report on what a 'no deal' Brexit may mean for energy and nuclear policy across the Irish and British Isles. He will also outline how the relaunched Forum's intention to work with Councils to promote a low carbon island of Ireland. (3)
The Forum currently represents a number of councils across Ireland, as well as linking in to the resources and expertise of the NFLA in England, Scotland and Wales. Across the Irish Sea, many Councils are delivering a plethora of low carbon projects and challenging the need for new nuclear power, seeing ample stocks of renewable energy, heat and transport as the sustainable alternative for the future.
All Ireland Sustainable Energy Forum Co-Chair, Councillor John Trainor, said:
"I encourage councillors from across the island of Ireland to our seminar in Dublin and join us in this critical endeavour of responding in a much more dynamic fashion to the climate emergency than is currently taking place. It is clear the public across the island have woken up to the real urgency that is needed to mitigate climate change. Councils have been working on developing low carbon solutions for a number of years now, but they really need the resource and new powers from central government to achieve much more. The NFLA has for over 20 years supported Irish Councils in challenging the risks of nuclear accident from across the Irish Sea, and this Forum will continue to keep a close eye on that, but it is also working hard to support Councils wanting to develop best practice low carbon policies that can make a difference."
All Ireland Sustainable Energy Forum Co-Chair, Councillor Malcolm Noonan, added:
"I am looking forward to this informative seminar on tackling the climate emergency and understanding the challenge for local Councils from across Ireland. It is clear all of us must make a big step-change up in tackling the major challenges of the climate emergency. Ireland has potentially copious amounts of renewable energy sources out there in onshore and offshore wind, tidal, wave and solar energy. Councils can also play in an active role in promoting these as well as introducing important local energy efficiency, energy storage, smart energy and renewable heating and transport solutions. I encourage Councils to join with us in finding the dynamic ways forward to solve these critical problems and deliver a low carbon island of Ireland."
Ends – for more information please contact Sean Morris, NFLA Secretary, on 00 44 (0)161 234 3244.
Notes for editors:
(1) NFLA All Ireland Sustainable Energy Forum Autumn Energy Policy Seminar – The role of local government in delivering sustainable energy solutions: Council Chamber, City Hall, Dublin, Dame Street, Dublin, Ireland, Friday 18th October, 11am – 1pm https://www.nuclearpolicy.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/NFLA_AISEF_Dublin_October_2019_Seminar_flyer.pdf
(2) NFLA Policy Briefing 189, Ireland and climate change: isn't it time for a local response? https://www.nuclearpolicy.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/A302_NB189_Ireland_and_climate_change.pdf
NFLA Policy Briefing 191, Climate emergency – the next steps. https://www.nuclearpolicy.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/A304_NB191_Climate_Emergency_the_next_steps.pdf
(3) NFLA Policy Briefing 193, 'Brexit' – what may be the impact of a 'no deal' on climate, energy and nuclear policy? https://www.nuclearpolicy.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/A306_NB193_Brexit_wider_issues.pdf


A high-performance cycling light with a STVZO optimized lens.
High performance cycling light with STVZO optimized lens matched to a high output automotive grade LED for class leading brightness, vision range and safety. A compact CNC machined aluminum body dissipates heat and is ultra durable with built in side visibility. An advanced Li-Ion battery with charge indicator provides long lasting run times and is quickly rechargeable via a 2 amp Micro USB cable. There are three power modes to choose from: 290 lumen Blast Mode runs 2.25 hours, 180 lumen Enduro Mode runs 3.5 hours and 80 lumen Economy Mode runs 6.5 hours. Mode Memory feature returns to the previously selected mode when the light is turned on. Rugged and versatile strap securely mounts to all standard bar shapes including aero bars.


9er Akt was created by Werner Branz, an award winning photographer.
The Queen of Psychedelic Soul, Joplin, was well known for her performing abilities, and her fans referred to her stage presence as "electric". At the height of her career, she was known as "The Queen of Psychedelic Soul," and became known as Pearl among her friends. She was also a painter, dancer and music arranger.


text:
Соломбальский округ — один из девяти территориальных округов Архангельска.

Округ расположен к северу от центральной части Архангельска, за Кузнечевским мостом. Омывается протоками Северной Двины Маймакса и Кузнечиха. По территории округа протекает (сильно петляя) река Соломбалка. В состав округа входят: исторический район Соломбала, Кемский посёлок и посёлки бывших лесозаводов (№ 12 на острове Хабарка, № 14 и № 21 — в Южной Маймаксе).

История
В 1932 году был организован Соломбальский район, а указом президиума ВЦСПС СССР от 26 апреля 1934 года Соломбальский райсовет был включен в городскую черту Архангельска.

В 1991 году, в соответствии с постановлением мэра г. Архангельска от 13 ноября 1991 года № 2 и решением Архангельского городского совета депутатов от 15 ноября 1991 года № 88 «Об образовании территориальных городских округов», была произведена реорганизация структуры органов управления города, в результате которой ликвидировано деление на районы и образованы 9 территориальных округов, в том числе Соломбальский округ (из части упразднённого Соломбальского района).

Население

Инфраструктура
На территории округа находятся Соломбальский машиностроительный завод, судоремонтный завод «Красная кузница», база архангельского тралового флота, архангельский хлебокомбинат, линия пакетирования и отгрузки Соломбальского ЛДК, 5 отделений связи, городская клиническая больница № 7 (с двумя фельдшерскими участками), поликлиника водников, профилакторий «Меридиан» Северного морского пароходства, морской профессиональный лицей № 9 им. С. Н. Орешкова, основные общеобразовательные школы № 38 и № 40, специальная коррекционная общеобразовательная школа № 39, средние общеобразовательные школы № 41, № 48, № 49, № 50, № 52, № 62, филиал № 2 открытой (сменной) школы, детские сады № 114 «Снегирёк», № 140 «Творчество», № 167 «Улыбка», № 179 «Якорёк» и № 183 «Огонёк».

Крупнейшие улицы и проспекты Соломбальского округа: Советская, Никольский, набережная Георгия Седова, Таймырская, Адмирала Кузнецова, Валявкина, Краснофлотская, Терёхина, Маяковского, Красных партизан, Кедрова, Мещерского, Маймаксанское шоссе, Мостовая, Петрова, Гвардейская, Физкультурников, Маслова, Баумана, Маймаксанская. На пересечении улицы Терёхина и Никольского проспекта находится площадь Терёхина.

В северной части округа находится действующее кладбище «Южная Маймакса»

Примечания

Ссылки
 Информация о Соломбальском округе на официальном сайте Архангельска

Округа Архангельска


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