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Tyler Bate (Dudley, 7 de marzo de 1997) es luchador profesional Inglés,  que actualmente trabaja con la WWE, en su territorio en desarrollo británico NXT UK. Ha aparecido en otros programas de la empresa tales como 205 Live y NXT. fue campeón en parejas de NXT UK junto a Trent Seven en su primer reinado.

Bate fue el primer ganador del Torneo por el Campeonato del Reino Unido de la WWE, siendo el campeón inaugural del Campeonato del Reino Unido de la WWE, También ha sido Campeón de Parejas de NXT junto a Trent Seven.

Carrera de Lucha Libre Profesional

Preston City Wrestling (2014–2015)
Bate debutó en Preston City Wrestling como "The Iron Master" Tyler Bate en PCW Fright Night III el 31 de octubre de 2014, compitiendo sin éxito en una lucha fatal 4 esquinas también con Charlie Garrett, Rich Swann y Zack Gibson. Bate regresó a PCW en Shooting Star en enero de 2015, alineándose con The Hunter Brothers y Ryan Smile. Bate y su equipo fueron derrotados por Pete Dunne, Damian Dunne, Morgan Webster y Mark Andrews.

Chikara (2015-2017)
A principios de 2015, Bate, junto a Trent Seven, debutaron en la promoción estadounidense Chikara como parte de su gira por el Reino Unido, derrotando a The Hunter Brothers en un dark match el 3 de abril. y perdiendo ante la Devastation Corporation (Max Smashmaster y Blaster McMassive) en otro dark match el 6 de abril. En su último dark match de la gira, Seven y Bate se unieron con Clint Margera para enfrentarse a Pete Dunne, Damian Dunne y Jimmy Havoc. Bate se asoció con Seven y Dan Moloney en el King of Trios de ese año como Team Fight Club, llevándolos a las semifinales antes de ser eliminados por Bullet Club (AJ Styles), Matt Jackson y Nick Jackson). En 2016, Seven y Bate comenzaron a competir más regularmente en Chikara, y el 21 de agosto derrotaron a Los Ice Cream (Hijo Del Ice Cream y Ice Cream Jr.), N_R_G (Hype Rockwell y Race Jaxon) y The Devastation Corporation para ganar Campeonatos De Parejas. En el año 2017 ganó el torneo King of Trios junto a Seven y a Dunne.

Progress Wrestling (2016–2019)
Hizo su debut en PROGRESS Wrestling durante el capítulo 28 junto a Trent Seven como Moustache Mountain, pierdiendo ante Damian y Pete Dunne. En el capítulo 33, Moustache Mountain se separó luego de que Seven atacó a Bate, cambiando a heel y alineándose con Pete Dunne para formar British Strong Style. En el capítulo 39, Bate regresó a Progress, atacando a Jimmy Havoc durante un combate de eliminación de 7 hombres por el vacante campeonato de Progress, uniéndose a Seven y Dunne en su nueva facción. El 16 de diciembre, Seven y Dunne fueron despojados del campeonato de parejas de Progress después de que Dunne intentó dar su mitad a Bate, sin embargo, dos semanas después, en el capítulo 41, Seven y Bate derrotaron a The London Riots y al LDRS de la Nueva Escuela Zack Saber Jr y Marty Scurll en una lucha de triple amenaza para ganar los títulos vacantes. Pierden los campeonatos a manos de CCK (Chris Brookes y Kid Lykos) en el capítulo 55.

WWE (2016-presente)
El 15 de diciembre de 2016, se reveló que Bate sería uno de 16 hombres que compitirían en un torneo de dos noches para coronar por primera vez al Campeón del Reino Unido de la WWE. Bate derrotó Tucker en la primera ronda para avanzar a los cuartos de final, luego derrotó a Jordan Devlin para avanzar a las semifinales. Bate derrotó Wolfgang en las semifinales y a Pete Dunne en la final para ganar el torneo y convertirse en el campeón inaugural y el  más joven en la historia de WWE, con tan sólo 19 años (en solitario, pues en la división de parejas René Duprée fue campeón también a los 19 años, siendo meses más joven que Bate cuando ganó el título). Tuvo una aparición en el show de NXT después de NXT Takeover San Antonio, donde derrotó a Oney Lorcan en su primer combate en territorio americano. El 1 de febrero defendió su título ante Trent Seven en un programa de NXT. Después volvió a la acción el 5 de febrero donde defendió su título frente a Jack Gallagher. El 26 de abril volvió a defender con éxito su título frente Jack Gallagher por segunda vez. El 20 de mayo, en NXT Takeover Chicago Bate perdió el Campeonato del Reino Unido de la WWE ante Pete Dunne.

2018
El 30 de enero fue derrotado por TJP en la primera ronda por el vacante Campeonato Crucero de la WWE siendo eliminado.

El 15 de mayo derrotó a Kalisto, TJP y Kenny Williams en 205 Live en un Fatal 4 Way Match en Londres, Inglaterra.

2020

En el NXT UK transmitido el 2 de abril, se enfrentó a Ilja Dragunov, Trent Seven, Jordan Devlin, Travis Banks, Noam Dar, Joe Coffey, Alexander Wolfe, Kassius Ohno, A-Kid, Ridge Holland, Ligero, Flash Morgan Webster, Saxon Huxley, Ashton Smith, Oliver Carter, Amir Jordan, Kenny Williams, Dave Mastiff y a Tyson T-Bone en una 20-Ma Battle Royal Match por una oportunidad al Campeonato del Reino Unido de NXT de WALTER, eliminando Dar, sin embargo fue el último eliminado por parte de Dragonuv.

Comenzando el 2021, en el NXT UK emitido el 14 de enero, derrotó a Sam Gradwell. En el NXT UK emitido el 25 de febrero, derrotó a Bailey Martes, después del combate se dieron la mano en señal de respeto. En el NXT UK emitido el 4 de marzo, fue entrevistado por Noam Dar en el segmento Supernova Sessions, donde lo molestaba por su derrota ante A-Kid por la Copa Heritage de NXT UK, empezando un breve feudo contra Dar, la siguiente semana en NXT UK, derrotó a Dave Mastiff en un Heritage Cup Rules Match en el NXT UK emitido el 18 de marzo, el Gerente General de NXT UK Jhonny Saint anunció que en NXT UK: Prelude, se enfrentará a Noam Dar en un Heritage Cup Rules Match por una oportunidad a la Copa Heritage de NXT UK de A-Kid.

En Lucha
 Movimientos Finales
 Tyler Driver '97 (Sitout double underhook powerbomb)
 Movimientos en Firma
Airplane spin
Diving European uppercut
Giant swing
Rolling Shove Back Kick
Spiral Tap
Tope suicida
Lariat rebotando en la tercera cuerda
Apodos
"Textbook"
"The Iron Master"
Temas de Entrada
"Hearts on Fire"
"Sledgehammer"
"Dangerzone"
"Seven Nation Army" por The White Stripes - utilizado durante la asociación con Trent Seven.
"Love is Blindess" por The White Stripes — utilizado como parte de British Strong Style
"Get up" por Charlie DeYoung
"Inaugural" por CFO$ - utilizado actualmente en WWE.

Campeonatos y logros

 ATTACK! Pro Wrestling
 ATTACK! 24:7 Championship (4 veces)
 ATTACK! Tag Team Championship (1 vez) - con Trent Seven

 Chikara Pro.
 Chikara Campeonatos de Parejas (1 vez) - con Trent Seven
 Chikara Kings of Trios (1 vez, actual) - con Trent Seven y Pete Dunne.

 Fight Club: Pro
 Figh Club: Pro Tag Team Championship (1 vez, inaugural) - con Trent Seven.
 Dream Tag Team Invitational (2018) - con Trent Seven

 Great Bear Promotions
 Junior Heavyweight Cup (2014)
URSA Major One Night Tournament (2013)

 Kamikaze Pro
 Kamikaze Pro Tag Team Championship (1 vez) - con Dan Moloney
 Relentless Division Championship (1 vez)

 Progress Wrestling
 Progress Tag Team Championship (2 veces) – con Trent Seven

 Revolution Pro Wresling
 Undisputed British Tag Team Championship (1 vez) - con Trent Seven

 International Wrestling Syndicate
 IWS Tag Team Championship (1 vez, actual) - con Trent Seven

 Shropshire Wrestling Alliance
 SWA British Lions Championship (1 vez)
 British Lions Tournament (2014)

 Westside Xtreme Wrestling
 wXw Shotgun Championship (1 vez)

 World Wrestling Entertainment/WWE
 NXT UK Heritage Cup (1 vez)
 NXT UK Tag Team Championship (1 vez )
 WWE United Kingdom Championship (2 veces, actual e inaugural)
 WWE United Kingdom Championship Tournament (2017)
 NXT Tag Team Championship (1 vez) - con Trent Seven
 NXT Tag Team Championship Invitational (2018) - con Trent Seven
NXT UK Triple Crown Championship (Primero)
 NXT Year–End Award (1 vez)
 Match of the Year (2017) –

 Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 Situado en el N°50 en los PWI 500 de 2017
 Situado en el N°98 en los PWI 500 de 2018
 Situado en el N°107 en los PWI 500 de 2019
 Situado en el N°145 en los PWI 500 de 2020
 Situado en el N°372 en los PWI 500 de 2021

 Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 Lucha 5 estrellas (2018) con Trent Seven vs. Roderick Strong y Kyle O'Reilly en NXT Wrestling el 11 de julio
Lucha 5¼ estrellas (2019) vs.  Walter en NXT UK TakeOver: Cardiff el 31 de agosto

Referencias

Sitios Externos

Luchadores y personal actual de WWE
Luchadores actuales de WWE NXT
Nacidos en Dudley


A while ago I spent some time looking around for a good NZB download client, one of the best is probably SABnzbd but that is written in Python and is certainly not my cup of tea. I found a small bit of software that would do just what I wanted and was written in Java (I like Java).
This software was not created by me but I made few improvements and although I have not worked on it in some time I am looking to have another go at adding UUDecode support very soon. I should also import the project into Maven or something.
The source code can be found on GitHub https://github.com/drcrane/nzbclient if you have any interest please drop me an email (or a tweet), I would love to hear that you have seen my software.
A big word! This is the current working version from the code on GitHub.


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You are here: Home › Alone Vol 7: The Lowlands
Alone Vol 7: The Lowlands
By Simon Chadwick on August 15, 2017 in Reviews 0
By Gazzotti & Vehlmann
Publisher: Cinebook
This award-winning series for kids continues its fine run, skirting the terrible and difficult situations faced by a bunch of children finding themselves alone in an empty city. Its success and its charm come from the creators' firm grip on their characters, keeping their actions and reactions believable and consistent with those of real children. By this stage in the tale the true nature of their situation is becoming apparent, but this revelation has arrived hand-in-hand with the strange physical reaction of the city. Trapped within what appears to be a vast sinking section of roads and buildings the children, whose numbers have been swollen by the banding together of other groups, seek to find a way to scale the vast edifice before them, but the city continues to throw up further complications in the form of failing machinery and what appears to be the possession of some of the children's minds.
Alone continues to strive for that difficult balance between genuine peril and not alienating its audience, a feat it's managed to maintain throughout its run to date. Part of its success is down to the quirk of its narrative that deals with death, but even so none of the characters are casual about it and are genuinely afraid about the threats around them. But what really drives the tale forward is the excellent characterisations of the core children, not least Leila and Dodzi who repeatedly do their best in the face of adversity, never gung-ho, but compelled to do the right thing for the benefit of their group. There's a strong lesson there about kindness and altruism that would benefit any reader.
Arguably this book isn't even aimed at me, but I think it's one of the finest reads available at the moment, and even my children, the core audience when the series began, still battle to be first to read the latest instalment (the eldest is 17). It's testament to the quality of the storytelling and the strength of the characters, and also to the deepening mystery of just exactly what is going on.
And if you liked that: Book 8 is coming soon
Great for kids, Mystery, Thriller
Bunny vs Monkey: Book 4
All Things Highly Whimsical

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Beautifully Renovated 2 bed 2 bath in Sought after Americana Finnmark Community. Granite, New Cabinets, Gorgeous Parquet Floors and Carpet. Both Bathrooms Upgraded. 3rd Floor w/Balcony. ALL UTILITIES INCL. Easy Walk to Forest Glen Metro & One stop to 495. A Commuters Dream. Close to Shopping, Entertainment. Pet Friendly Community, Pool, Tennis Courts.


Recently, we've been having lots of conversations with folks who are thinking about being a missionary volunteer in Fond Blanc. Since most of our volunteers come during the summer, this winter season is a time when some are reflecting back on a past trip, while others are making plans for a future trip. Many come for a week. Some come to serve for a year or more!
When volunteers come to work with the children of the Fond Blanc orphanage, they often arrive brimming with compassion. We can see it in their faces as they pile off the buses at the orphanage, undeterred by the sights and sounds and smells of Haitian poverty and struggle that they have encountered driving up from the airport. Their eyes cannot hide their desire to pour something of themselves into this little orphan community. There is an air of resolve about them; they will leave this part of the world a little bit better than they found it. But unexpected things often happen when God shows up, and His Presence is always revealed in the compassion of service.
That is God showing up when our response to those in need is to feel a welling up of compassion. Even when words fail us, we know that there is something about giving back and sharing in the burdens of others that brings us into a more right relationship with God. There is some vague sense of moving toward a better balance in God's creation. We feel renewed by the simple purity of giving back, and we are refreshed even when we are not comfortable. Compassion is a potent fuel.
It is never a bad idea to pattern our responses after what Jesus did, and Jesus was all about the children and the needy. Missionary service trips are a time to devote ourselves to helping those in need. Serving itself is an act of selflessness, of doing for others and often going without something ourselves. When we do without a meal or the comforts of home it raises our sensitivity toward those who do without a lot of things every day.
Most of us go to Fond Blanc to serve the children, but along the way we discover that our own spirits are being spiritually fed as well. When we live so deeply cocooned in the comfort and control of the typical American life, our spiritual senses can become dulled and our appetites overfed. But to feed and nurture a child of typical Haitian poverty can change all of that.
When we find ourselves standing next to a cheerful Haitian child who bathes with a bucket every day and subsists on a diet of rice and beans, what we think of as our "problems" can suddenly seem petty and embarrassingly self-absorbed. But what we all learn quickly in Haiti is how easily that ugly crust of pampered entitlement shatters in the presence of real world problems. Even a week spent serving in Haiti will re-calibrate our attitudes towards what is, or is not, important. We come home newly dedicated to a humbler, more other-centered perspective on life, and connected at the heart to those wonderful young children who help us make that adjustment.
So we invite you to consider coming down to Fond Blanc for a visit. Reach out to us at info@fondblanc.org to learn more. And if you are one of our Fond Blanc "alumni", you might be encouraged to know that many of our supporters are already on their third or fourth visit! If you are unable to come, please keep the children of Fond Blanc in your prayers, and of course, we are always grateful for donations.


•Westbury Park WI is the local WI for Westbury Park, Henleaze and Bishopston. We meet on the first Wednesday of the month from 7.30pm in Redland Church Hall, Redland Green Road, BS6 7HE. Guest fees are £4 per meeting – Glass of wine £2, tea, coffee, soft drinks 50p, other refreshment options available, biscuits/cake free. January 3rd meeting will be looking at this year's resolutions shortlist, plus there will be a quiz. February meeting has Jackie Franklin coming to speak on being a Foster Carer for over 30 years, fostering over 100 children, plus was on the Adoption Panel. It's sure to be a very interesting meeting. Email westburyparkwi@gmail.com or see website www.westburyparkwi.org.uk.
• Henleaze Ladies Choir is a friendly welcoming group which meets in St Peters Church Hall, Henleaze on Thursdays between September and May from 1.30 – 3.30 pm (with a short break for tea). We give 2 charity concerts a year in December and May and from time to time are invited to entertain community groups around the city. There are also occasional social events organised. We are always pleased to see new members. Pease come and try a rehearsal without obligation. To find out more contact Jane English (07752 332278) or Jean Wickham (0117 9624466).
• Read together a short story and poem. Weekly drop-in adult group, shared reading. It's fun, sometimes surprising, moving and exciting. No preparation needed, just come along and listen. Bishopston Library every Thursday 11.30am - 1.00pm. We read and chat. Refreshments provided free.


We use many different modalities, techniques, and tools at Elite Healthcare in order to ensure that you have the best treatment available. Many of the tools we use are more effective if we can get the patient using them at home, on a regular basis. For this reason, we offer certain products for purchase. The following is a list of recommended items that can be purchased at Elite Healthcare.


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Supports SD, SDHC, SDXC and MMC formats.
For fast digital data transfer and easy peripheral connectivity.
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Read More Dell Inspiron GSRF-I3043-5001BLK Review Here!


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Marshall Crenshaw, Bat For Lashes, Martha, Sara Watkins, Stray Kitten
Friday, June 24, 2016 - 08:00 AM
Posted by: Karl
THE WEEKEND STARTS HERE:
....with MARSHALL CRENSHAW! Live at The Ritz, July 6, 1985. Your setlist includes: "Blues Is King," "Whenever You're On My Mind," "Shake Rattle And Roll," "Our Town," "Maryann," "Right Now," "The Distance Between Me And You," "Someday Someway," "Little Wild One," " I'm Sorry (But So Is Brenda Lee)," "Yvonne," "There She Goes Again," "Cynical Girl," "Shake Up Their Minds," and "Soldier Of Love."
BAT FOR LASHES advance streams The Bride.
MARTHA advance streams Blisters In The Pit Of My Heart.
SARA WATKINS advance streams Young In All The Wrong Ways.
JJ DOLL streams a 5-song, self-titled 7".
DRIVE-BY TRUCKERS share "Surrender Under Protest," the first single from its anticipated upcoming album, American Band.
THE ISLEY BROTHERS: "Shout." Shindig. Friday. A little bit louder now.
LED ZEPPELIN wins the "Stairway to Heaven" copyright case;the jury found Led Zeppelin members indeed heard Spirit's "Taurus," but that there was no substantial similarity in the extrinsic elements of the two songs.
STEVE EARLE talks to Paste about Guitar Town -- a record I got to spin as a DJ when it was released.
ERIC JOHNSON talks to Paste about returning to the Fruit Bats brand.
THE STROKES: Ten of Their Best.
THE TOP 10 BEATLES BOOKS, according to The Guardian, to which I would add Tell Me Why.
NOW SHOWING:This weekend's wide releases include Independence Day: Resurgence, which is currently scoring 52 percent on the ol' Tomatometer; Free State of Jones, currently scoring 16 percent; The Shallows, scoring 88 percent; and The Neon Demon, scoring 52 percent.
LINDSAY LOHAN live-tweeted the Brexit referendum...or did she?
BEN AFFLECK offered a bizarre rant on Bill Simmons' Any Given Wednesday.
KATHERINE HEIGL & JOSH KELLEY are expecting their third child.
ANTON YELCHIN did not suffer much before his tragic death this past weekend, which is...good news, I guess?
DWAYNE JOHNSON is producing Son Of Shaolin, a feature pitch based on the soon to be published graphic novel created and written by scribe Jay Longino.
MALCOLM IN THE MIDDLE could be headed for a reunion.
A STRAY KITTEN crashes a newscast, heads for adoption.
THE SQUIRREL THREAT: London doesn't get it.
A RATTLESNAKE could not disrupt this couple's wedding day.
HUNDREDS OF MEGA-SPIDERS were released into the wild in the UK.
Felice Brothers, case/lang/veirs, All Songs, Goodman & Morgan, Big Cats
Thursday, June 23, 2016 - 08:00 AM
WEAVES drop a video for "Tick."
THE FELICE BROTHERS advance stream Life In The Dark.
CASE/LANG/VEIRS play their debut album live at OPB in Portland, Oregon.
ALL SONGS CONSIDERED: Tracks from Cornelius, Keaton Henson, the Wild Reeds and more highlight the latest edition.
KATY GOODMAN & GRETA MORGAN cover The Replacements' "Bast^rds Of Young" for their album of punk covers entitled Take It, It's Yours.
CYMBALS EAT GUITARS shares "4th Of July, Philadelphia (SANDY)." Not Asbury Park.
SOUTHSIDE JOHNNY & THE ASBURY JUKES play "Love on the Wrong Side of Town" for OGWT.
LED ZEPPELIN: The "Stairway to Heaven" copyright infringement case heads to the jury. But you'll want to chuckle at Robert Plant's testimony.
GUIDED BY VOICES: Robert Pollard writes Beatroute about his evolving approach to songwriting and the future of the band. (Thx, Frank Yang)
PRINCE protégée Judith Hill has revealed the story of his emergency plane landing.
DAVID CROSBY is paying 3MM to the man he hit with his car.
STAR WARS: ROGUE ONE will include some Darth Vader.
JUSTICE LEAGUE is reportedly lighter and more fun than Batman v Superman, due largely to Ezra Miller, who was both funny and serious in The Perks of Being a Wallflower.
VINYL won't get a second season on HBO after all.
JUSTIN BIEBER & NICOLA PELTZ have had sleepovers at his Beverly Hills home.
BRYAN CRANSTON joins the cast of the Power Rangers movie. IIRC, he did voice work on the TV series.
UMA THURMAN was injured after she was thrown from her horse.
JACK REACHER: NEVER GO BACK drops a trailer online.
BIG CATS love cardboard boxes just as much as house cats.
A JAGUAR that was brought out during an Olympic torch event earlier this week was shot and killed shortly afterward when it escaped its handlers.
2016's FIRST GREAT WHITE SHARK off cape Cod has been spotted. What say you, Police Chief Brody?
A SLOTH risks its life everytime it poops.
Actually had to take a personal day...
Wednesday, June 22, 2016 - 08:00 AM
BUT it was a fairly slow news day, and I should be back Thursday with the usual.
Avett Brothers, Sharon Jones & the Dap-Kings, Last Shadow Puppets, Pig's Tail
Tuesday, June 21, 2016 - 08:00 AM
DINOSAUR JR drops a video for "Tiny," featuring J Mascis and his dog skateboarding.
THE AVETT BROTHERS advance stream True Sadness.
SHARON JONES & THE DAP-KINGS play a full set at BRIC's Celebrate Brooklyn! Festival.
THE LAST SHADOW PUPPETS stopped by World Cafe for a chat and mini-set.
FEW BITS share "Anyone Else" ahead of Big Sparks.
THE YOUNG FRESH FELLOWS, cranking out "I Don't Let The Little Things Get Me Down" and "Rock & Roll Pest Control" raw for Twofer Tuesday.
ZIGGY STARDUST: How Bowie Created the Alter Ego That Changed Rock.
EIGHT DAYS A WEEK: Ron Howard drops a trailer for his touring Beatles documentary.
QUASI, ranked by the founding members of Domino records.
THE LUMINEERS talk to The Guardian about trying to avoid a sophomore slump.
ANTON YELCHIN: The Jeep SUV that crushed the Star Trek actor this weekend had been flagged by the automaker for a problem that could cause the vehicle to roll away.
TOM HIDDLESTON does a revealing photoshoot for W magazine.
IGGY AZALEA & NICK YOUNG have officially called it quits.
CAITLYN JENNER had a quiet father's day with Kylie.
MISS PERGRINE's HOME FOR PECULIAR CHILDREN has a second trailer online.
WESTWORLD: The HBO series reboot of the Crichton classic has a teaser trailer online.
IRAN: The Obama administration has concluded that uranium particles discovered last year at a secretive Iranian military base likely were tied to the country's past, covert nuclear weapons program, current and former officials said, a finding that contradicts Tehran's longstanding denials that it was pursuing a bomb.
IRAQ: The sound of gunfire and explosions echoed through Fallujah's streets Saturday as security forces battled to oust the remaining militants a day after Iraq declared victory over the Islamic State in the city.
HOW TO STRAIGHTEN A PIG'S TAIL the right way.
A STARVING WOLF stalked a woman and her dog for 12 hours. Then along came a bear.
WINE FOR CATS, containing organic catnip.
A CAT ISLAND seeks aid.
Mudcrutch, Waxahatchee, Joseph, Elephants
Monday, June 20, 2016 - 08:00 AM
DESCENDENTS drop a video for "Victim of Me" ahead of Hypercaffium Spazzinate.
MUDCRUTCH stopped by the World Cafe for a chat and mini-set.
WAXAHATCHEE streams Early Recordings.
JOSEPH stopped by The Current for a chat and mini-set.
KIRSTEN DUNST covered The Vapors' "Turning Japanese" as an art video. Really.
LED ZEPPELIN: The "Stairway to Heaven" trial covered chord progressions and earnings.
MEAT LOAF is reported to be "stable and in good condition" after collapsing during a concert in Edmonton, Canada, on Thursday night.
P.M. DAWN's Attrell Cordes, a/k/a Prince Be, has died at age 46 from complications due to diabetes.
DAD ROCK: A Father's Day mini-doc from Pitchfork.
WEEKEND BOX OFFICE: Finding Dory easily topped the chart with 136MM, roughly 25MM in excess of projections. It could be Disney's fourth billion-dollar film this year (which in turn depends on where The Jungle Book finishes worldwide). Central Intelligence placed with 34MM, about where Kevin Hart and Dwane Johnson bro comedies open, and should profit nicely against a 50MM budget, especially with The Rock juicing foreign markets. The Conjuring 2 showed with 15.6MM on a 61 percent drop; that's probably not bad given the competition and 71MM domestic so far against a 40MM budget is probably alright as foreign markets have already taken in another 116MM. Now You See Me 2 takes the fourth slot with 9.7MM on a 57 percent drop and has a much longer journey to profitability. Warcraft rounds out the Top Five with 6.5MM on a 73 percent drop in its second fram; with only 37MM domestic, the epic 339MM coming in from overseas is saving this from being a nuclear bomb against a 160MM production budget. Below the fold, 364MM in overseas grosses are also bailing out X-Men: Apocalypse.
ANTON YELCHIN, known for his roles in Star Trek (Chekhov) and Alpha Dog, was killed early Sunday morning after getting pinned by his own car. He was 27.
THE CLOWN WHO CRIED: 30 minutes of Jerry Lewis' legendarily awful Holocaust drama have been assembled online.
TAYLOR SWIFT dumped Calvin Harris in a phone call, which is stunning because she was angry when Joe Jonas did the exact same thing to her.
EDDIE REDMAYNE and his wife Hannah have welcomed their first child, a daughter.
RON LESTER, the actor best known for playing Billy Bob in Varsity Blues, died Friday evening of liver and kidney failure. He was 45 years old.
MARY ANN KING, who peered through her "Magic Mirror" to host the children's TV show "Romper Room" in Los Angeles, has died. She was 82.
BELGIAN authorities charged three men with terror-related crimes after two days of raids and the detention of 40 people in a major investigation which they said required "immediate intervention" because they feared a new attack was close.
AN EMBARRASSED ELEPHANT's mating attempt goes horribly wrong amid an episode of diarrhea.
DISNEY WORLD ignored warnings that guests were feeding alligators at the park and the areas along the lagoon where a 2-year-old was snatched, according to reports.
GATOR-HUMAN CONFRONTATIONS: The confluence of preservationism and suburban sprawl.
A COLORADO MOM saved her 5-year-old son's life by prying his head from a mountain lion's mouth after the animal attacked the boy in their front yard.
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Coq Au Vin... a classic French dish of chicken and wine. I've never had it, have never seen in it person (only on cooking shows), but for some reason I really felt like trying it this week so I put in on our menu.
I browsed several recipes and read about it, and decided to follow this recipe. Since I have never made or tasted Coq Au Vin, I followed each and every step. Now that I've made it, I don't think I'd change a thing, although I may try using boneless breasts next time since I don't like the thighs or wings.
1 6-pound roasting chicken, backbone removed, cut into 8 pieces - 2 drumsticks, 2 thighs, 2 wings with top quarter of adjoining breast, 2 breasts (I used a 4.5 pound chicken already cut into the pieces noted above).
I always get everything prepped before I start cooking - this pic is after my mess from prep was cleaned up and doesn't even show Monday's marinating prep or how many times I (Jon) needed to wash out the dish I was using for the chicken!
Combine wine, onion, celery, carrot, garlic, and peppercorns in large pot. Bring to boil over high heat. Reduce heat to medium and simmer 5 minutes.
Cool completely; mix in oil.
Place chicken pieces in large glass bowl. Pour wine mixture over chicken; stir to coat.
Cover and refrigerate at least 1 day and up to 2 days, turning chicken occasionally.
Here is how it looked as it went into the fridge..
Using tongs, transfer chicken pieces from marinade to paper towels to drain; pat dry.
Strain marinade; reserve vegetables and liquid separately.
Heat oil in heavy large pot (wide enough to hold chicken in single layer) over medium-high heat.
Add bacon and sauté until crisp and brown. Using slotted spoon, transfer bacon to small bowl.
Add chicken, skin side down, to drippings in pot. Sauté until brown, about 8 minutes per side. Transfer chicken to large bowl.
Add vegetables reserved from marinade to pot. Sauté until brown, about 10 minutes.
Mix in flour; stir 2 minutes.
Gradually whisk in reserved marinade liquid. Bring to boil, whisking frequently. Cook until sauce thickens, whisking occasionally, about 2 minutes.
Mix in shallots, garlic, herb sprigs, and bay leaves, then broth.
Return chicken to pot, arranging skin side up in single layer. Bring to simmer; reduce heat to medium-low. Cover pot and simmer chicken 30 minutes.
Using tongs, turn chicken over. Cover and simmer until tender, about 15 minutes longer.
Melt 3 tablespoons butter in heavy large skillet over medium heat.
Add mushrooms; sauté until tender, about 8 minutes.
Melt remaining 1 tablespoon butter in same skillet.
Add onions and sauté until beginning to brown, about 8 minutes.
Transfer onions to plate alongside mushrooms; reserve skillet.
Using tongs, transfer chicken to plate.
Strain sauce from pot into reserved skillet from onions and mushrooms, pressing on solids in strainer to extract all sauce; discard solids.
Bring sauce to simmer, scraping up browned bits.
Add onions to pot and bring to simmer over medium heat. Cover and cook until onions are almost tender, about 8 minutes.
Add mushrooms and bacon. Simmer uncovered until onions are very tender and sauce is slightly reduced, about 12 minutes.
Tilt pot and spoon off excess fat from top of sauce.
Return chicken to sauce to rewarm.
I'm not going to lie - this was a lot of work. There was nothing difficult about it, but it was three hours of almost constant cooking. I'm crazy for doing this when it was 95 degrees out, but it was well worth it. Next time I'll make it in the fall or winter.
Jon and I usually eat spicy things, or dishes full of garlic, red pepper flakes, or even cayenne. So this dish wasn't what we'd define as "our" flavors, but I was extremely impressed. Jon had very low expectations when I explained the dish to him, and even he was impressed. We'll see if he has a comment to add... My comment to Jon is "thank you".... he kept cleaning up after me as I was cooking. Otherwise the kitchen would have been a mess!!! This recipe requires a lot of dishes.
I'd recommend this to anyone wanting to try something new, or someone who has a few hours to spend in the kitchen. Marinating the chicken for 36 hours was key, and I don't see any steps that could have been omitted.
I kept the sides simple. I served buttered noodles (cooked egg noodles, then melted butter in a pan until it browned just a bit; poured butter over the noodles, tossed and topped with fresh parsley) and steamed green beans. I think mashed potatoes would be a nice side as well. Oh, and of course we had French bread!
I don't think I have ever had French food before, but I now have an appreciation for it and would like to try a French restaurant (maybe for our upcoming 5 year anniversary?). I loved the complex flavors that came out of such simple ingredients. Now I'm looking around for more French dishes to try! Recommendations always welcome!
OHHH my gosh, this looks amazingly delicious! i'm bookmarking this recipe for SURE!!
Looks delish! I've never had this either.
Wow, very impressive! Looks delicious!
This looks awesome. I have been wanting to try Coq Au Vin. Great job - I know it was a lot of work!
I've got to say - yes, I had SUPER low expectations for this one, and happily, I wasn't disappointed. For me, I think the (limited) French food I've had tends to be a bit subtle, and this was certainly in that category: good flavors, but none REALLY stood out to shine. No question this one was a challenge (and a LOT of dishes), but if you've got the time, a good experiment to try. AND - buy lots of wine - you'll need it for the time it takes!
Just recently started reading your blog, and love it so far! The pictures of your creations are gorgeous.
They're very romantic, reasonably priced, and I'm curious to see what your opinion of them will be!


Net promoter score (NPS) measures customer loyalty. It is a common element within customer satisfactions surveys.
An extremely detailed analysis of How well does NPS predict rebooking at Airbnb, was posted by Lisa Qian. Airbnb data scientists examine the quality of the trip experience, including NPS promoters which they classify as Likelihood to Recommended (LTR) to predict whether the customer will book again. I would be interested to understand whether comments about Airbnb posted by guests on social media could be an additional parameter.
Experience from two years of running the global customer satisfaction survey across 21 countries in 9 languages reinforces these key points.
HubSpot Academy's 3 pillars of delight demonstrate real implications for the entire organisation with specific advice included on hiring practices. It also aligns tightly with the foundation of building a high performance team – TRUST.
Customer satisfaction and loyalty is often attributed to the for-profit sector. However, it is just as applicable in the nonprofit sector to turn passionate individuals and volunteers into inspired advocates. These committed advocates will amplify your message, cause and brand. You can read more in the great book Transform your Nonprofit with Inbound Marketing or our own eBook How to get started at Inbound Marketing as a nonprofit.
In the same paper, sponsors Strativity recommend these five strategies to accelerating customer centricity.
Create a meaningful, human case.
Integrate initiatives into a holistic program.
Design strategies for employee performance.
Align processes to metrics to accelerate.
Set the standard at "exceptional" in everything.
Driven to Delight is a new book by Joseph Michelli profiling the delivery of World-Class customer experience the Mercedes-Benz way. The Delivering Happiness book about Zappos by Tony Hsieh is also a wonderful illustration of this in action.
Customer centricity needs to start with executive leadership. Both customers and employees should be consulted to learn how to create delight. I encourage you to invest the time to review the excellent resources linked to in this post.


Netflix shares fell modestly on Wednesday after the streaming service reported first-quarter earnings on Tuesday evening that topped Wall Street's expectations. Analysts are largely telling their clients that they're undeterred by the company's weaker-than-expected guidance for the second-quarter which initially weighed on the stock. At least one firm bumped up its price target. Watch Netflix trade live.


It's been a busy month for trading card companies, distributors and hobby shops, which are trying to keep up with an avalanche of new products released as the year comes to a close. Here is a look at what's been moving most at Mike's Stadium Sports Cards in Aurora, CO.
1) 2014 Topps Triple Threads NFL – Older isn't always better, but this annual gem came out of the gate stronger than expected. We're hosting a case break this weekend and hope to be able to share some cardboard goodness sooner than later on our Facebook page .
2) 2014 Bowman Draft Picks & Prospects MLB – Sure the most sought after card in the box might be of a NFL QB who had a first game rating of 1, but collectors are enjoying the regulars, jumbos, super jumbos, mega super jumbos and the incredibly hard to find mega, mega brontosaurus super duper jumbos.
3) 2014 Topps Chrome NFL – Sure it's taking some price adjustments to help Chrome out the door, but box breakers love products that have a chance at several thousand dollar superfractors.
4) 2014 Bowman Sterling NFL – We hosted a four box break of 2014 Bowman Sterling NFL last weekend and we saw some gems come out. It's a lot easier to push $200+ boxes when people know they can get Drew Brees autographs and 1/1 superfractors.
5) 2014 SP Authentic NFL – Sure Topps went overboard with their December releases, but they didn't nail down all five spots. Once again fans of SP have been driven to return with the promises of three autographs per box including one autographed relic card in each box.
Our esteemed panel will be hard at work over the next few days preparing for the annual Mikey Awards. We'll look back at the hobby's best, the worst and most mediocre brands and cards–along with some surprises. To whet your appetite, here's a look back at last year's Mikeys.


text:
Jeu video
Shu Takumi
Atsushi Inaba
Kumiko Suekane
Tatsuro Iwamoto
Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney[a] is a visual novel adventure video game developed by Capcom Production Studio 4[2] and published by Capcom. It was released in 2001 for the Game Boy Advance in Japan and has been ported to multiple platforms. The 2005 Nintendo DS version, titled Gyakuten Saiban Yomigaeru Gyakuten in Japan, introduced an English language option, and was the first time the game was released in North America and Europe. It is the first entry in the Ace Attorney series; several sequels and spin-offs were produced, while this game has seen further ports and remasters for computers, game consoles, and mobile devices.
The story follows Phoenix Wright, a rookie defense attorney who attempts to have his clients declared "not guilty". Among other characters are Phoenix's boss, Mia Fey; his assistant and Mia's sister, Maya; and prosecutor Miles Edgeworth. The player controls Phoenix through two sets of sections: investigations and courtroom trials. During investigations they gather information and evidence. During trials they cross-examine witnesses, and answer questions from the judge, the prosecutor, and the witnesses. The story is split into five cases. The fifth was introduced in the Nintendo DS version to take advantage of gameplay elements using the handheld's touchscreen not available in the original Game Boy Advance version.
A team of seven developed the game over the course of ten months. Written and directed by Shu Takumi, it was originally planned as a Game Boy Color game about a private investigator. The game was designed to be simple; Takumi wanted it easy enough that even his mother could play. While the original version of the game takes place in Japan, the localization is set in the United States; this became an issue when localizing later games, where the Japanese setting was more obvious.
For the most part the game has been positively received by critics who praised its premise, writing, characters and presentation. The game has been a commercial success both in Japan and internationally. The North American release sold better than expected and was hard to find in stores shortly after its release. Other media based on the game have been produced. It has been credited with helping to popularise visual novels in the Western world. A manga series premiered in 2006, a film adaptation of the game, titled Ace Attorney, premiered in 2012, and an anime series adaptation began airing in 2016.
https://www.nintendo.com/games/detail/phoenix-wright-ace-attorney-trilogy-3ds/
https://web.archive.org/web/20210601183738/https://www.nintendo.com/games/detail/phoenix-wright-ace-attorney-trilogy-3ds/
Console de jeu
Moteur de jeu
Navigation à choix multiples
Roman vidéoludique
©Capcom


text:
Tokenize Your Asset
Tokenized Properties
The Real-Estate Funding Platform You Can Trust
Buy and Sell Cryptocurrency
Real Estate Tokenization
Non Recourse Funding Program
Solutions Bank
Non Financial Organisation. UK FCA E-Money License – Pending, Estonia Cryptocurrency License – In process
A Trusted Solution Since 2018
Funder One Capital LTD (U-Shares/UBETS(USUB)/E-Shares)
OVERVIEW WHITE PAPER
The tokenization of assets refers to the process of issuing a security token that is the digital representation of a real asset and secured through the implementation of blockchain technology. These security tokens, generated through a security token offering (STO) to distinguish it from other types of ICOs, can produce different tokens such as equity, utility, or payment tokens. An STO creates a digital representation—a security token—of an asset, meaning that it can represent a share in a company, ownership of a piece of real estate, or participation in an investment fund and traded on a secondary market or exchange.
A new "token economy" offers the significant potential for greater efficiency by reducing the friction involved in the creation, buying, and selling of various securities. We see four key advantages this provides for both investors and sellers:
Greater liquidity
Tokenizing of assets—especially private securities or traditional illiquid assets such as fine art—generates trade opportunities on a secondary market of the issuer's choice. This access to a broader base of traders increases potential liquidity, benefiting investors and granting more opportunity to sellers because the tokens benefit from the "liquidity premium," thereby representing a higher value percentage of the underlying asset.
Faster and cheaper transactions
Because the token operations occur within smart contracts (software algorithms integrated into a blockchain with trigger actions based on pre-defined parameters), most parts of the exchange process are now automated. This automation reduces the administrative burden involved in buying and selling, with fewer intermediaries needed, leading to not only faster deal execution, but also lower transaction fees and increased security.
Increased fiscal transparency
A security token can have the token-holder's rights and legal responsibilities embedded within the token itself, including an immutable record of ownership. These characteristics promise to add transparency to transactions, allowing anyone to know with whom you are dealing, the express right granted, and who owned any particular asset.
Tokenization opens investment in assets to a much wider audience due to reduced investment requirements and accessibility periods. Tokens are divisible by design, meaning investors can create fractional tokens that represent smaller percentages of the underlying assets. If each order is cheaper and easier to process, it will open the way for a significant reduction of required investment amounts. Moreover, the higher liquidity of security tokens also reduce required investment periods as investors can exchange their tokens on secondary markets, which are globally active 24/7 (subject to regulatory limits).
These advantages most apply to asset classes that are considered illiquid and can benefit from improved transparency, efficiencies, and lower minimum investments. Two areas are particularly interesting when considering the possibilities of tokenization: real estate and fine art. Rather than requiring very large investments, or tying up your money for extended periods with your investment split across several other assets in the fund, tokenization could permit you to invest €50 in the piece of art or specific building in which you are interested, and then easily sell the token at your discretion. This ability to freely choose where you invest will open a new era of much greater personalization and customization in investment—an area that is increasingly relevant as investors now look beyond just returns and pay much closer attention to where their investments are made.
Historical Context: Digital Certainty and Scarcity
On October 31st, 2008, some anonymous person/persons under the alias Satoshi Nakamoto released a white paper, "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System" on a cryptography mailing list. The paper outlined a financial system that did not rely on trusted third parties but rather cryptographic mechanisms to eliminate the double-spending problem and the centralization of vulnerabilities (Nakamoto 2008). The Bitcoin network went live January 2009. The Nakamoto protocol implemented clever cryptography to create a novel financial application, a medium of exchange without masters. This alien fintech drew upon decades of research in the areas of public-key cryptography and digital cash systems, succeeding where those attempts failed by eliminating the variable of the vulnerable, centralized server and instead introducing the data structure that became known as the blockchain, a distributed, cryptographically verifiable database underlying the Bitcoin currency.
The real magic of Satoshi's opus, however, was found in the redefinition of the digital object. Before Satoshi's white paper, the identity of a digital object was defined mostly within the context of its presumed greatest ability: infinite duplication and malleability. While these are essential elements that were the groundbreaking tools that led our foray into the digital realm, they also led to unintended consequences as they evolved. Most of the industry uses developed to take advantage of new digital technologies focused upon and leveraged these two qualities.
Satoshi revealed, however, that a more powerful side of the digital object exists. One where all digital objects are defined by their certainty and scarcity. The evidence of the impact of these factors is found in the qualities of the infinite digital object as well. Because it is defined by its lack of scarcity, there is a noted lack of certainty in any transaction involving an infinite digital object. The ultimate nature and power of digital objects is enforced and maximized through the leveraging of its own elemental certainty. True or False. 1 or 0.
Once this certainty can be utilized, the digital object becomes resilient, sometimes "antifragile," and can organize itself into the specific, defined quantities of serialized inventory. Even at a million defined elements, a digital object with a defined inventory of known objects, is inversely made more certain and scarcer than the infinite digital object.
Obviously, many companies have leveraged infinite digital objects to great advantage, and continue to do so, but their success was always dependent upon the centralization of resources and data protection. It is the centralized systems that provided the (artificial) certainty and scarcity needed. This is declared as "artificial" because the elements of certainty and scarcity are not innate qualities of infinite digital objects. They are instead created by the forced centralization of access, payment, and verification.
The success and growth of Bitcoin in the light of challenging the world's legal, economical, and even political notions regarding the use of digital objects, has done little more than legitimize the philosophy behind Satoshi's work.
Technology Context: Programmable Blockchains and Smart Contracts
Bitcoin was designed for the singular purpose of its financial application as an alternative currency to challenge the existing establishment. While there were non-financial applications such as "proof of existence," a method of timestamping and hashing a unique digital document, the Bitcoin protocol lacked versatility due to its lack of extensive scripting capabilities—programmability—necessary to develop a wider range of applications. This limitation prompted Vitalik Buterin to propose a new blockchain platform that allowed developers to write and deploy smart contracts—programs that execute on a blockchain—thereby allowing the development of a wide range of decentralized applications (Dapps). Ethereum is a decentralized "world computer" which requires Ether, the protocol currency, to run computations (Buterin 2014).
The notion of the smart contract was originally proposed by Nick Szabo in 1994 before there were any systems capable of actualizing it. The essential thesis: since contracts are "imbedded in the world," in the many facets of our personal and business relationships, it is possible that programmable contracts could facilitate all manner of peer-to-peer interactions and transactions, thus opening many economic opportunities previously unavailable ("Smart Contracts" 1996).
Currently, there are many projects tackling different areas of commerce and finance using blockchain-based architecture, or even building new protocols upon which to build these applications. Whether or not these efforts result in mass adoption of blockchain, cryptocurrency, and decentralization depends on the developers and entrepreneurs in the space keeping the end users of these systems at heart.
Pieces Form a Whole
What we have here is the scaffolding for a new architecture of decentralized systems, simultaneously antifragile and inclusive. The efforts of cryptographers such as David Chaum, Hal Finney, Ian Grigg, Nick Szabo, Satoshi Nakamoto, et al are coalescing into form and purpose as technologists and entrepreneurs challenge the status quo and the powerful monopolies of the world, creating sustainable tools of commerce fit for the overwhelming pace of society.
A lot of the frictions of the world are due to uncertainty: of purpose, of intent. Blockchain and the general notion of triple entry accounting allow a neutral source of certainty in an increasingly digital world, thus making possible to maintain security, pseudonymity, and confidence in one's business and financial endeavors.
The Funder One-Capital Constitution: Codifying Intent
The blockchain is a shared ledger of discrete events constituted in a cryptographically secure data structure. If the transactions are verified and validated in the consensus protocol, the functioning narrative will persist indefinitely. The design and structure of the Funder One-Capital Platform is inherently human-centric, for real, active users are necessary for any dynamic and prosperous network to perform optimally. Since the human element is inseparable from the abstract data in the context of any digital participation, these types of systems require self-governance.
Governance within decentralized networks presents a challenge as the total lack thereof can produce toxicity amongst the human nodes or cause instability or obsolescence within the software itself. A notable example of this is the forking of blockchain software. Such events arise when there is lack of social consensus or clarity of intent behind the community. Politics amongst miners, developers, or others with vested interests can inhibit the growth of a network relying on a blockchain accounting system. The people who rely on these systems indirectly through applications or businesses running the software should not have to experience the stagnation or volatility that arises when there is lack of a fair governance structure from the beginning.
Most blockchain environments operate under the axiom "code is law," which places the data structure and its processes and functionality above the human element. Most of these networks rely solely on crypto-economic schemas which are often defined and implemented in such a way as to inhibit the purpose (if present) of the network with the emergence of influencers, cartels, and other entities basking in the "might is right" ecosystem. When the goal is to maximize human potential, putting the machinery on a pedestal seems outright ludicrous.
The Funder One-Capital Platform will use a constitution as the foundation of its governance. This is inspired by Dan Larimer's research on governance models for the EOS blockchain operating system (Larimer 2016). The Funder One-Capital Constitution will codify and detail the general rules and associated roles within the environment, define the areas of accountability, set methodology of dispute resolution, and cement the core values of the network to be accepted by all participants.
Intentionality is a crucial element to the platform. As contractual relationships are one of the main components of commerce between collaborating Entities, the constitution takes this model and applies it throughout the entire network as a system-wide, generalized contract. From the user perspective, this is not unlike a terms and conditions clause. What makes this document different from the average terms and conditions agreement is that it is possible to define and enforce the values of the network rather than focusing entirely on the rules. Constraints are fine and necessary to define any operating structure, but if they are too many and too granular it will inhibit the growth of the network.
Who is affected by the constitution? The simplest answer would be the user, but since the Funder One-Capital Platform could be the operating system on which real estate projects run their accounting system and business processes, are the users of those applications and services in turn affected by the constitution? Where does privity of contract end in this chain? A lot of this is contextual as some projects launched on Funder One-Capital may choose to default to the original constitution or draft and implement their own. The exact minutiae of this framework are still being defined. Ideally, this document should be static, changing only with the overwhelming indication and approval of the community. A governing document revised over time with accumulating edge cases loses its simplicity and clarity, particularly when used in parallel with a myriad of local and global jurisdictions and regulations.
In practice, the constitution will be presented to the User upon entrance into the network like a terms and conditions clause. The process of verifying one's unique User ID and creating the first pseudonymous Entities for interacting and transacting on the platform requires a cryptographic signature of the constitution by the new user. The hash of this document will be included in every subsequent transaction throughout the network, showing that the user behind the pseudonymous Entity has agreed to the same parameters as the rest of the network. This satisfies privity of contract, where only the parties to the contract can contest the contract and initiate a dispute.
Blockchains can allow distributed accountability amongst all network participants and do so in a manner that does not compromise the User's privacy or self-sovereignty. However, the processes involved are facilitated through software, so the users as well as the developers of the platform are beholden to the constitution. No exceptions. The goal is to create mechanisms and frameworks that allow intentional interactions and transactions in specified, unambiguous contexts with consent of all parties involved.
Next, the conceptual thorn that has challenged philosophers and computer scientists alike: identity.
"Who are You?" The Problem of Identity
To untangle the difficult notion of identity, we once again fall back to the dichotomy of physical vs. digital. In physical space, we often define identity as an indicator of a unique flesh-and-blood human being with a singular, persistent personality. Actual experience would indicate that the domain of one's identity is not singular, but plural. If someone, due to disease or trauma, loses all memory and semblance of who they are or were, identity extends from that individual to their network of peers, their social graph. There is also the actual experience of identity wherein we behave differently in different contexts. We are multifaceted. We contain multitudes.
Identity is not singular. It is correlative.
In digital space, identity presents an even bigger challenge because we lack the face to face interaction that creates trusted relationships. Networks are subject to Sybil attacks, in which one bad actor can create a multitude of identities to overtake or hinder the network. Sybil-resistance is a key requirement for any decentralized system.
As stated above, one of the important elements in establishing a presence in this platform is pseudonymity that does not sacrifice accountability or privacy.
The Value of Pseudonymity
It seems that the use of pseudonyms is quite natural in two areas of activity relevant to this project: digital and online environments.
The world is full of entities who choose other legal identifiers: corporations, stage names, pen names, alter egos, etc. Sometimes this is part of a performance, a conscious attempt to create an aura of mystique and intrigue, an aesthetic, that the artist and audience alike can tune into. Some writers, such as Stephen King and J.K. Rowling, have at some point chosen not to leverage their fame for certain works, so they use pen names (until their real identity is discovered, which is common in such cases.)
The rise of the internet brought a flourish of new identities. People could communicate with one another in relatively private channels. The constraints and social mores of physical interactions no longer applied. The Cypherpunks of the nineties valued pseudonymity and anonymity as fundamental rights of people within the developing surveillance state, so many of these computer scientists and cryptographers set out to develop more secure methods of encryption to protect the public.
As technologist David Birch writes in Identity is the New Money, "All of the identities we exchange are virtual, and while the virtual identities are of course linked to our mundane identities, they should not be confused. None of them is 'real'…all identities are pseudonyms" (Birch, 2014).
The Funder One-Capital Platform allows digital entrepreneurs and their customer base to generate pseudonymous "economic avatars" (Lanier, 2013) through which they can interact and transact with one another in digital commerce. We call these Entities.
In keeping with the spirit of digital and digital personae, digital entrepreneurs can generate multiple identities for a variety of contexts; however, this is not without some necessary limitations.
Entry into the platform is invitation-only. This not only allows the network to grow organically as Owners invite their friends and frequent collaborators into the fold, but also helps establish a network built with human nodes, where the connections and points of convergence are key. Ian Grigg's notion of identity as an "edge protocol" (Grigg, 2017) rather than a nodal one resonates here, since we are emphasizing in our design the social graph of individuals and connections therein rather than static features as mundane as name, date of birth, or Social Security number (or some equally extraneous variable implemented outside the US) supplied by a central authority.
The crypto-asset, Funder One-Capitals, are utilized to create unique seat licenses which are required to enter the ecosystem. The first step is to generate a User ID, a human-unique identifier. This is the root ID in the system that establishes presence, the mundane identity of the Owner or Collaborator. This is important if we want to crystallize that individual's presence in the network and verify that he or she is not duplicitous. User IDs, however, are not visible Entities on the network but rather a necessary root to combat Sybil attacks and provide the appropriate bedrock for dispute resolution, arbitration, and generally interfacing with the real world (as the platform evolves to incorporate more advanced use cases, real property assets, etc.) Once a User ID is created, a Funder One-Capital is locked to that ID and taken out of circulation.
The specific process of the digital identity creation is designed to provide a personally encrypted and managed data chain of information that allows the user to share as much, or as little information about themselves that they wish. An individual, secure, and immutable record of personal identity. Your on-chain identity is as important as your off-chain identity and in time, will grow to become more so as social networks and e-commerce become increasingly ubiquitous.
Privacy is not about hiding, it is having the ability to reveal yourself on your own terms. That is why all User information that is collected is stored by each User upon their own data chain, and they can choose to provide access to the information to any requester.
Ultimately, tools such as Driver's Licenses, Social Security numbers, passports and more are arbitrary pieces of identification in which a third party (the government most of the time) vouches for the validity of the information that is provided. Ironically, the information on these forms is generally used to verify the User so that they may gain access to their own information, money, or property. When personally identifiable information is centralized under one authority, that authority will no doubt become the target of massive data breaches, like the case of the Equifax hack, in which the information of 145.5 million Americans was compromised.
Instead, these digital identities, and the secure ownership of them, is utilized in tandem with our analog, physical identities to create a bridge between the digital record chain we create and physical ownership of any asset in question.
Funder One-Capital Entities
There are three discreet Entities on the Funder One-Capital platform: Owners, Collaborators, and Projects. Each new User will initially start off by creating the first three, as this is necessary to interact and transact on the platform.
Owners start Projects and begin the process of drafting a Project Compact which defines the assets that are created, developed, and offered for distribution within the network.
Collaborators are the various Entities who work within a Compact to help use, maintain, or develop any Project. These entities can be business partners, architects, designers, developers, or even contractors.
Projects are Composite Entities that consist of autonomous Entities bound by the common purpose outlined with the Project Compact.
Finding the Others
Yet again, we find ourselves at the intersection of analog and digital. As mentioned earlier, the Funder One-Capital Platform is an invitation-only environment. Naturally, Owners who have a Project in mind can bring friends and acquaintances, nodes, into the network. This is ideal for Users who want to leverage their existing analog and digital networks (social graph) and bring them onto Funder One-Capital to pursue their endeavors.
For a digital commerce platform to really accommodate the needs of its users, there needs to be a social component that allows connections to occur between Owners and Collaborators. These points of convergence are the moments that contribute to the network's growth. An Entity's record of past collaborations can be made transparent to other Entities, allowing the opportunity for networking and enduring professional relationships.
Contracts for Digital Assets
Contracts are imbedded throughout all areas of our society. Politics. Finance. Business. In all industries, the common goal is that all parties of a contract simply want to ensure that agreements are met, usually agreements pertaining to ownership and compensation. Are my real property rights being protected? Am I getting paid according to the agreed expectations and parameters?
Traditional legally-binding contracts are often written in a byzantine prose that few individuals can fully understand much less those affected by the contract. The drafting and deciphering of these contracts have been the domain of lawyers who have spent years learning the codes and intricacies of their field. The user experience of the parties subject to these contracts is unwieldy and inefficient considering existing technical capabilities. In a digital commerce platform that intends to eliminate such frictions, relying on contracts with obscure legalese prose can lead to unnecessary ambiguity of responsibility and intent.
Smart contracts are code that execute on the blockchain, directing the movement of value (or assets) in the network. Software that runs on decentralized networks holds a lot of potential in automating a wide range of business logic. Being the operable and programmable side of blockchains, smart contracts will play an important role in applications and platforms built on blockchain infrastructure.
The Project Compact: Codifying Intent
The Project Compact is a living document of objectives, settings, and automated agreements (smart contracts). It utilizes Ricardian elements with a simple prose document coupled to it with parameters matching the code, so there is no ambiguity as to the intended purpose of the smart contracts (Grigg, 2015). This helps codify the intent behind a contract. By eliminating the semantic richness and ambiguity of legalese prose, we can maximize the clarity amongst all the parties to the contracts and the courts of the land. The Compact is essentially a nexus of the programmatic agreements around a common endeavor, detailing ownership and compensation as well as detailing the project's goals.
The Compact is not only a tool to reduce friction between different collaborating pseudonymous personas and the resulting distribution of value, it also provides potential Collaborators the means to scope out the prospect of the project as it is being developed.
Since the end user has no reason to interact with raw code, the parameterization of the smart contract can allow one to change very specific variables within the code using templates. There will be a variety of contract templates catered to certain spheres of digital activity. Over time, owners will have access to a library of contracts each designed to implement a specific type of project defined by its intent and number of participants.
Compacts: the combination of operable software and an easily parsable prose contract (intent clause). "What You See Is What You Sign." (WYSIWYS)
By refuting the axiom, "code is law," we can protect the users from possible errors in the underlying software. While smart contracts are deterministic—a given set of inputs will generate a certain output—for security and resiliency of the economic activity taking place we must assume that bugs or errors will occur either within the software or with the participants actions or assumptions themselves ("wetware"). Having the intent clause is a key piece in any meeting of minds. This also builds a nice foundation for arbitration mechanisms for streamlined dispute resolution without resorting to costly and time-consuming litigation. Most courts throughout the land acknowledge arbitration as a valid form of dispute resolution.
The Compact is a stable manifestation of intent that is the machinery of the economic activity around a common endeavor that issues a very specific shape and size of transaction to the blockchain upon an agreed upon set of conditions defined within it. This creates a channel that can assume consensus because all members agree upon all the explicit terms that define that individual channel's means of creating a valid transaction to the blockchain.
Channels of Consensus
The Project Compact provides a critical element within its environment: defining the consensus of its operation within the network in agreement with the Constitution. In completely open blockchain environments, consensus is maintained with the clever combination of cryptography and economic incentives (crypto-economics). This is necessary to maintain the integrity of the network, and guarantee accuracy of the ledger. Now, that's more of an infrastructural element to blockchains which need to combat adversaries seeking to change the narrative. If the narrative can only be changed upon certain parameters with consensus between certain designated Entities, then you can set up "channels of consensus." The Compact's design does not allow subterfuge because none of the Collaborators can interact with the raw code of the Compact, only certain parameters that define constitutional attributes to the code. Changes can only be made with transparency and the positive vote of all Entities within the Project. This ensures that all participants are incentivized to work in a beneficial manner on a Project, since the only way it can generate value for the Owners and Collaborators is through that Project's ongoing participation and verification within the network.
You can eliminate the bottlenecks of a distributed network if the Entities within certain consensus channels agree on the settings of the machine (the Compact). Is the machine working? Yes. Okay, moving on. The mechanics of implementation of the Project Compact are defined by the smart contract's protocol, which in turn is defined and enforced by the Funder One-Capital Platform's Constitution that defines the specific parameters by which any contract is considered acceptable by the blockchain and rendered by its ability to transact within it.
Projects as Composite Entities
When Entities work on a Project, there is a "shape" that is formed when these nodes connect. Obviously, if there is an ongoing collaboration between the same Entities, they should be able to reassemble for more Projects. Therefore, Compacts also double as Composite Entities.
This also extrapolates outward in interesting ways considering how partnerships work. A retail development corporation teaming up with multiple construction contractors for a project is an example of two Composite Entities working together for a Project with its own Compact. As value flows into this new Compact, it will then be redirected automatically to the Compacts of each Entity automatically as defined by the Project Compact. This creates fractal business structures without increasing contractual complexity.
Tokenizing Real Property
What happens upon a Project's completion when the asset is now ready for the open market? The efforts need to crystallize into some "thing." In our goal in bridging the best of both worlds—physical and digital—we have determined that utilizing digital bearer certificates in the form of crypto-asset tokens provides the cryptographic certainty and scarcity that can be the pillars of a sustainable digital economy.
By using a scarce object architecture often constrained to the physical realm, we can bring the familiarity of physical possessions into a digital context in a manner that is understood by both the user and the issuer alike (Szabo, 2004), thus allowing many use cases that are made possible at that compromise.
These are not tokenized securities such as Bowie Bonds (Espiner, 2016) that offer future revenue share in exchange for investment, but simply product keys that grant access to specific revenue generated by that project.
An economy of scarce objects is not always the ideal model to achieve sustainability, but in the digital economy this design can create value for all participants in the network if implemented appropriately.
Distribution and Market Entry
There are two methods of distribution which roughly correlate to consumer and wholesale, but the dynamics are a bit different in the context of digital objects.
One method is to provide digital assets at a consumer price. When the Customer purchases the product (a transaction that takes place between them and the Compact, not any one Entity within it), a token is "minted" and put into circulation in the ecosystem. The owner of this newly minted asset can then use it for the defined purpose—rent, lease, share, etc.—and later choose to sell or trade it on the open market to a new owner.
The other method presents a wide variety of options and is made possibly only with scarce digital assets: rail distribution.
This approach could be compared to the practice of token "airdrops" on other blockchains, except the utility and purpose of the token is explicitly defined and available immediately upon reception, not a priori.
The Compact, using the imbedded Funder One-Capital application, has granular control over asset distribution by designating a rail token and applying certain parameters, such as proportioned rates, by which the new asset will be distributed into the ecosystem to all collaborators. This allows a wide range of market strategies. Mutual benefits. Another method is to set rails within one's own asset, increasing demand. There are many ways Owners can use this to their advantage and increase interest in Projects with potential collaborators.
Naturally, the rail system is free for those who receive the assets. So how does this generate value?
Distributed Patronage:
A Sustainable Secondary Marketplace Model
The secondary marketplace currently acts like an event horizon in the digital industries. The tenuous connection between an Owner and their Project is comparable to a black hole absorbing light around an approaching object. Always diminishing, never retaining its brightness and color. This problem is persistent in both the digital and physical markets. After examining the advantages of each, we have reconstituted a new model designed to incentivize users to participate in the distribution of digital assets without eliminating the fractional owners from the equation.
As Users of the Platform accumulate digital assets through consumer sale or rail distribution, they will end up with a sizeable portfolio. Some of these assets they may not want or desire to convert its value into another Project. The solution here is to turn that excess or unwanted asset into value for the Collaborators and the Owners of the assets.
The User can set a basket of assets to sell on the open market. A manual approach to this would result in "mental transaction costs" too high for a good user experience. By employing an autonomous agent, an algorithmic trading bot, a user can sell these extra/unwanted assets on an open market to those who didn't partake in the rail distribution or to those who joined the network afterwards. As of now, many algorithmic trading systems utilize a decentralized AI trading bot for crypto-assets that allows for customization of trading strategies.
Such a "nanomarket" system, complete with scarce objects and autonomous trading, has already been hypothesized in a pre-blockchain context by Nick Szabo (2007). Blockchain simply helped make this vision possible with transactional certainty and digital scarcity.
For the Users of the platform, this can result in a consistent passive income without having to expend much time, energy, or attention.
In order to maximize the value Owners receive from their Projects, the Compact can designate a secondary market transaction fee, denominated in Funder One-Capitals. Whenever the asset moves from one Entity to another, a small "gas" price must be paid. This creates an ongoing stream of revenue that feeds into the Compact and its constituents. In perpetuity.
This model of distributed fractional ownership provides an effective framework for all participants of the platform to tap into various networks of value created by the Projects.
Securing Provenance
All these economic models do not amount to much if Owners' real property are at risk. As mentioned earlier, the Compact has prose elements that can enforce jurisdictional legal ownership as well as compensation. Ownership is a more benign element compared to compensations since the latter is more operable.
The platform will also utilize a novel form of digital management to secure a connection between Owners and their real assets. Instead of the past applications setting artificial limitations such as physical presence and other various nonsense, the model we are keen to utilize is inspired by Benji Rogers's notion of "digital rights expression," in which metadata pertaining to a certain digital asset such as ownership is hardcoded into the file itself (Rogers, 2017). This would allow the settings of the Compact to be honored outside of the Funder One-Capital ecosystem. This can create many different ways to define and provide previously unachievable value to any asset: streaming, time locks, interactive media, virtual reality experiences, etc.
The Obstacles
Some obstacles need to be overcome, however, if tokenization and the broader token economy are to take off. A big problem revolves around regulatory alignment, especially since blockchain-based platforms are de facto decentralized. Security regulations are typically technology agnostic, meaning that security tokens, depending on their exact features, can fall under the full scope of relevant security regulations, which can vary significantly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. This is true not just for the creation and initial sale of the tokens, but also for trading them on secondary markets. Consequently, many of the advantages of tokenization are undermined if regulations prevent the free and international exchange of security tokens.
What is needed are compliant methods of creating and exchanging tokens in a domestic and, ideally, international scope. International regulatory alignment is an unlikely milestone soon, but adding clarity to the regulatory environment for security tokens and facilitating compliant involvement in the token economy is a possible and necessary path forward if the opportunities are to be realized.
Additionally, regulations specific to tokens or, at the minimum, clear guidance from regulators would be welcome, since there is often uncertainty as to how a security token should be considered within the law. While it may seem counterintuitive to encourage regulation of a technology with decentralization and independence as some of its core characteristics, it is important to consider the risks of not providing a legal and safe framework in which the technology can thrive. A lack of scrutiny can allow scams and open the door to hacking—something particularly relevant for a relatively nascent technology. Scams and hacks not only harm investors and the broader economy, but enough of them could discourage investors and cripple the token economy completely.
There has been a considerably uneven approach so far to regulating and accepting tokenization, but there are signs that the traditional market infrastructure is adapting to the token economy. For example, both the US SEC and EU's ESMA have made comments, albeit generic, in this area. Meanwhile, Malta and Switzerland have made more progressive plans to accommodate new marketplaces for tokenized securities1. Having a clear regulatory framework is of vital importance for the safe development of the token economy. In the meantime, a set of common good practices and rules would be a good foundation.
Beyond regulations, as with any new technology or solution, some questions need addressing. How tokens will remain linked to the real asset that they represent is a point of concern. For example, imagine if you own tokens representing a small fraction of 100 gold bars at a bank, and five bars are stolen. What happens to your token and to the other token owners is crucially important, since the value of tokens becomes greatly undermined if they cannot be proven to be linked to real-world assets. Another point of consideration is the issue of governance. If ownership of an asset, such as a building, is split among thousands of people, there is little incentive for owners to bear the costs associated with that asset, such as maintenance and ensuring rent is collected. There are also concerns related to risks of hacking that any digital or online products have, as well as stability concerns with a hyper-liquid market. These are problems that will likely be overcome or minimized, but they require thought and possibly intermediaries of some sort.
Once those critical issues about the functioning of the token economy can be answered, and there is progress on the regulatory front, tokenization might become increasingly present across the financial industry.
This movement will involve actors from all levels (governments, central banks, private companies, and even local communities), and will depend on their communal effort to move tokenization forward. If the abovementioned issues are addressed, as adoption increases and overhype—which undermines the true value of the token economy—dies down, the token economy might take off rapidly, with ripple effects throughout the financial services industry and broader economy.
The token economy represents a remarkable power shift from large, centralized trust agents to the individual. Cryptology replaces third-party intermediaries as the keeper of trust, with blockchain participants running complex algorithms to certify the integrity of the ledger of transactions. Financial institutions must determine how they are going to adapt to the token economy. We see major areas that financial institutions must consider if they wish to remain relevant in the token economy:
Financial institutions will have to choose where to play in the value chain. For example, they might choose to advise issuers on how to structure their token or could act as safe keeper of the tokenized asset (art, real estate property, luxury vintage car, etc.). They could also leverage their expertise as custodian banks or paying agents to create life cycle event transactions on the distributed ledger or, in a more advanced model, implement life cycle processing in smart contracts and deploy them on a public blockchain platform. At the other end of the value chain, they could offer services to maintain customer accounts in cryptocurrencies and tokens or prefer to act as central distributors facilitating access for their clients to transact on diverse tokenization platforms or token exchanges.
Depending on the business model they choose to embrace, they will implement different operating models. One of the main components of those new operating models being the block chain platform, they will have to choose which platforms they will work or collaborate with. This will depend on the regulation they have to follow, the type of products or services they will offer to their clients, and other factors more related to the platform itself, such as its product strategy, and its potential as regards the type and size of the user community. Institutions need to consider an infrastructure that will provide both technical and economic solutions to their business model while also considering the effect it will have on downstream systems. Added to this, if the new platform cannot integrate with legacy systems, institutions may face a partial re- platforming of their information system.
With digital payments reaching US$721 billion in 2017, and the growing popularity of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, tokens are more often targeted by cybercriminals. While the distributed ledgers themselves implement a high degree of cybersecurity measures at their core thanks to cryptology and consensus among multiple nodes, the whole ecosystem does have some possible weak points at its edges that need to be properly secured. One of them lies in the management of the wallets and private keys that control them; it could also be man-in-the-middle attack or advanced social engineering to steal private keys. Not only shall the financial institutions consider implementing proper security measures to secure the whole value chain when they run or interact with blockchain platforms, but they might also consider proposing a new kind of service to their customers, for instance, to securely store their wallets and keys. Institutions need to carefully plan for cybersecurity at different levels from network and infrastructure, through systems, to applications, and consider the opportunity of differentiation through advanced cybersecurity prevention.
MiFID, Anti-money laundering (AML), know your customer (KYC), and other regulations are at the center of any financial institution's obligations when it comes to client service. In the token economy in which business interactions are more direct, expeditious and irreversible, operational measures to comply with regulations will have to be adapted, potentially becoming more upstream, factorized, and standardized. Institutions should not reinvent the wheel, but collaborate with new actors such as tech start-ups, KYC utilities, or blockchain analytics software vendors to implement new operational measures and demonstrate to the regulators that they remain compliant while operating in the digital space. We can imagine that, soon, KYC processes would likely be realized once by a specialized KYC utility, encoded in a self-sovereign digital identity, and used by customers each time they enter a relationship with a new financial institution. Provided that they have consent from the customer, financial institutions will transfer the reference to this identity down the value chain so that other institutions know with whom they are dealing, such as a crypto exchange transferring the identity to a bank. This will speed up the on-boarding process, reduce the overall cost of KYC compliance and, at the same time, enable more direct and rapid interactions that are fundamental to the token economy.
Another area that will be affected is taxation. Financial institutions that are responsible for processing some tax will have to adapt their information systems and processes to compute and deduct certain tax schemes, such as withholding tax. Part of that processing might be encoded in a smart contract and automated, and if the tax authorities do not accept payment of tax in cryptocurrencies, financial institutions will remain in the taxation ecosystems.
With legislative and regulatory frameworks differing from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, financial institutions must ensure tokens remain compliant both in the issuer's as well as in the investor's multiple jurisdictions (e.g., a Canadian seller and Japanese buyer). They should implement measures to prevent investment by customers from jurisdictions with which a token they offer or give access to is not compliant. This is especially true for institutions that have a global scale.
We expect that with the spread of tokenization there will be new actors, new roles, and new services. A decentralized financial system does not guarantee one without financial institutions, and prepared and forward-thinking institutions will be those that are most able to embrace the token economy. Traditional players will have the opportunity to meet the new demands of a token economy, be it a provision of platforms for storing tokens, or acting as trusted intermediaries for when the blockchain alone is not enough. Those that do not rise to the challenge will struggle in the face of fierce competition for an exciting new, tokenized world.
There are, however, significant legal and regulatory challenges. In theory, tokenization sounds great, but in practice, you cannot just disregard existing securities laws, tokenize any property, and start selling shares representing fractional ownership in that asset. Any type of token representing fractional ownership is a security and therefore subject to existing securities laws. This is precisely why existing fractional ownership and real estate crowdfunding products such as REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts) and eREITs are limited. They would love to cater to retail investors but are typically limited to accredited investors due to existing securities laws. Any future reform that allows for blockchain based REITs, which typically tokenize commercial properties, to accept investments from retail investors would also apply to traditional REITs which is precisely why we don't see consider these types of projects to be particularly disruptive or exciting.
Commercial property trading is plagued by being an inherently illiquid asset class involving many hidden costs, regulations, middlemen and a lack of transparency.
With the advent of blockchain-based smart contracts, a trend emerges for establishing disintermediated collaboration structures to engage in the formation of P2P transactions.
The state-of-the-art shows that technologically it is possible to create P2P commercial transaction platforms that eliminate cost-creating and time-consuming intermediaries and obsolete stage processes while fulfilling the goals of a unifying Constitution that ensures that the Projects within the network are strictly defined by intent rather than various competing legal entities, and only for the purposes of securing transactions and defining chain of ownership. This paper fills the gap by answering the question of how to provide a smart-contract/blockchain based commercial property trading and value- chain platform that avoids disintermediated middlemen for enabling P2P trades with low costs and optimized time consumption
This presents the case for the novel blockchain technology-based Funder One-Capital system for a smart-contracts driven trade of real property. We first define the requirement that must be satisfied by presenting a unifying Constitution comprising organized sets of refining functional goals of all entities within the Funder One-Capital system. Subsequently, the dynamic behavior of the components ensures all blockchain transactions for definable events that must be immutably stored. This shows with pre-existing industry solutions, the Funder One-Capital system can be quickly deployed. At the same time, we also show that the aspect of creating verifiable smart contracts for the Funder One-Capital system is still a topic of ongoing research and legal regulation, so the implementation of a flexible, network-based constitution allows for the appeal to multiple jurisdictions and changing legal environments through the codification of intent securing all Project Compacts.
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