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De British Aircraft Corporation TSR-2 was een bommenwerper uit de tijd van de Koude Oorlog. Het toestel werd in het begin van de jaren zestig van de 20e eeuw speciaal ontworpen en ontwikkeld voor de Royal Air Force. De aanduiding TSR-2 die aan het toestel was gegeven, betekende Tactical Strike-Reconnaissance model 2. De firma British Aircraft Corporation was ontstaan uit een samenwerking van de firma's Vickers-Armstrong en English Electric.

Het toestel was ontworpen om zeer laag en zeer snel door een goed verdedigd luchtruim heen te dringen. Daarna zou het met grote precisie vitale objecten in het achterland kunnen verkennen en uitschakelen. De TSR-2 beschikte hiervoor over een aantal geavanceerde mogelijkheden die van het toestel een formidabel wapen maakten voor de uitvoering van deze taken.

Toch werd het TSR-2 programma op een controversiële manier afgewezen ten gunste van de Amerikaanse General Dynamics F-111. De ironie wilde echter dat de aanschaf van F-111's voor de RAF later ook werd afgezegd.

Geschiedenis
Voor de TSR-2 beschikte de RAF over de English Electric Canberra tactische bommenwerper. Deze kon op grote hoogte en met vrij hoge snelheden worden ingezet. Net als de vroegere de Havilland Mosquito bezat de Canberra geen eigen bewapening en vertrouwde het toestel alleen op zijn snelheid. Russische onderscheppingsjagers benaderden de snelheid van de Canberra wel maar moesten daarbij ook nog eens de hoogte winnen en dat was toen nog een bijna onoverkomelijke opgave.

De prestaties van de Russische jagers namen echter toe en maakten de Canberra kwetsbaarder maar de introductie van de radargeleide surface-to-air missile (SAM) gaven de doorslag. De vliegtuigen die op grote hoogten opereerden zoals de English Electric Canberra, de Avro Vulcan en de B-52 Stratofortress waren kwetsbaar voor deze wapens.

De oplossing hiervoor werd dus gezocht in het laagvliegen. Een toestel op 60 m hoogte wordt pas op circa 40 km van het doel voor de radar zichtbaar. Een toestel dat iets onder Mach 1 (1050 km/h) vliegt, overbrugt die afstand in minder dan 120 seconden waardoor de SAM-afweer heel weinig tijd krijgt voor de tegenaanval.

Alle Canberraversies waren ontworpen voor grote hoogten en werden vanwege de grote vleugels vlak boven de grond zeer moeilijk bestuurbaar. Ook was navigatie op lage hoogte veel ingewikkelder dan de verouderde elektronica van de Canberra aankon. Hierdoor groeide de tactische bommenwerper of interdictor, zoals de Engelse aanduiding voor dit type was, door naar een nieuwe klasse. Enkele kenmerken hiervan waren een grote vleugelbelasting om turbulentie tegen te gaan, hoogwaardige navigatieradar waarmee zeer laag en zeer snel gevlogen kon worden en veel brandstofcapaciteit vanwege het hoge verbruik tijdens het laagvliegen. Het Britse Ministerie van Defensie was zich hiervan bewust en stelde een aantal eisen samen waaraan een nieuw type interdictor moest voldoen. Eind 1957 werden de voor die tijd ambitieuze eisen openbaar gemaakt. De specificaties waaraan het toestel diende te voldoen logen er niet om en waren de volgende.

Men had een supersonisch toestel nodig dat onder alle weersomstandigheden inzetbaar was.
Het operationele bereik moest minstens 1800 km bedragen
Het moest tactische kernwapens over een lange afstand kunnen vervoeren.
Het moest hoogvliegend opereren op snelheden van Mach 2+ en laagvliegend op Mach 1,2
Het moest vanaf korte onverharde startbanen kunnen opereren.
Het moest geschikt zijn voor het lowlevel afwerpen van tactische kernwapens onder alle weersomstandigheden (met lowlevel bedoelde men beneden 300 m bij een aanvalsrun op Mach 0,95).
Tevens moest het geschikt zijn voor afwerpen van tactische kernwapens op medium level onder alle weersomstandigheden indien nodig via de blind bombing-methode.
Het moest fotografische en elektronische verkenningen op medium en lowlevel kunnen uitvoeren onder alle weersomstandigheden
Het moest geschikt zijn voor het afwerpen van conventionele bommen en raketten.

Op 1 januari 1959 werd officieel groen licht gegeven voor de start van het TSR-2 project. De firma's English Electric, de fabrikant van de Canberra en Vickers-Armstrong gingen onder de naam British Aircraft Corp. aan het werk met als doel in 1963 een vliegend prototype klaar te hebben.

Ontwerp
Het ontwerp was gebaseerd op een groot toestel met een hooggeplaatste vleugel met afhangende tips, een totaal bewegend horizontaal staartvlak en een groot richtingsroer aangedreven door 2 Bristol-Siddeley Olympus-turbojets met naverbranders. Deze waren een variant van de motoren uit de Avro Vulcan en werden later weer doorontwikkeld voor de Concorde.

Het ontwerp omvatte speciale grote flaps aan de vleugels om korte banen te kunnen gebruiken voor de start en landing. Het toestel beschikte voor die tijd zeer geavanceerde door de firma Marconi geleverde algemene avionica. Sommige opties zoals de Ferranti-terreinvolgradar en aanvalsnavigatiesystemen, de EMI voorwaarts kijkende infraroodcamera's en de zijwaarts kijkende radar, de splinternieuwe door de firma Elliot Automation aangepaste Autonetics Verdan automatische piloot, het door Cossor geleverde IFF-systeem en de door Plessey geleverde communicatieapparatuur werden slechts veel later de standaarduitrusting van militaire vliegtuigen. Dit veroorzaakte ook de grote prijsstijging gedurende het project.

De vleugelbelasting was zeer groot en gaf de TSR-2 de mogelijkheid zeer laag zeer snel en stabiel te vliegen. Hierdoor kwam ook de terreinvolgradar volledig tot zijn recht. Om de lowlevel-vlucht voor de bemanning minder vermoeiend te maken was het comfort van de cockpit tevens aanzienlijk verhoogd.

Testvluchten
Ondanks de stijgende kosten werden er twee prototypes afgebouwd. De eerste vlucht werd in september 1964 gemaakt en tijdens de testfase bleek dat de TSR-2 gemakkelijk aan alle eisen voldeed. Aerodynamisch waren er totaal geen problemen; deze waren er wel met de motoren en het landingsgestel en hierdoor liep het project wat vertraging op.

De eerste supersonische vlucht was een compleet succes. Slechts bij gebruik van één naverbrander hield de naast het toestel vliegende English Electric Lightning het al niet meer bij. Het volgende half jaar werden vele tests uitgevoerd en de prestaties bleken uitstekend te zijn.

De politiek
Terwijl de Britse vliegtuigindustrie steeds verder ging met het project, brak er een politieke storm los. Men ging ervan uit dat bemande vliegtuigen niet lang meer zouden worden ingezet en dat geleide raketten de wapens van de toekomst vormden. Bovendien waren raketten goedkoper in aanschaf en onderhoud.

Een ander negatief punt was het onderlinge wantrouwen tussen de krijgsmachtonderdelen. De Royal Navy zat midden in het NA.39-project, de latere Blackburn Buccaneer. Die was ook geschikt voor lowlevel-aanvallen op hoge snelheid maar speciaal voor operaties boven water.

Het zou natuurlijk een zeer grote besparing zijn als beide krijgsmachtonderdelen hetzelfde toestel konden benutten en de firma Blackburn bood de RAF een verbeterde supersonische versie aan. De RAF weigerde echter en gaf als reden op dat alles wat minder dan Mach 2 presteerde slecht was. Ook de capaciteiten voor een zeer korte start en landing waren een must. De RAF had zijn zinnen duidelijk al op de TSR-2 gezet.

Stopzetting
Intussen zaten de vliegtuigontwerpers in de Verenigde Staten ook niet stil. Het Amerikaanse swing-wing General Dynamics F-111-project was de opvolger voor de Republic F-105 Thunderchief, een snelle laagvliegende bommenwerper uit de jaren 50 met een intern ruim voor een atoombom. Als eventuele kostenbesparing beschouwde de RAF deze F-111 als een alternatief.

Dit riep weerstand op bij de werknemers van de firma BAC. Zij wisten dat ze bezig waren met een uitstekend product en in reactie op een naderende afzegging hielden de BAC werknemers een protestmars maar de nieuw aangetreden Labour-regering besliste in 1965 dat de ontwikkeling van de TSR-2 zou worden stopgezet ten gunste van de F-111. Als hoofdredenen werden de betere prestaties van de F-111 opgevoerd en het feit dat het toestel veel goedkoper was.

De TSR-2-testapparatuur, het gereedschap, cruciale reservedelen en deels afgebouwde airframes werden op last van de regering zo snel mogelijk gesloopt. Het enige toestel dat daadwerkelijk heeft gevlogen, de XR219, werd met de XR221 en XR223 naar Shoeburyness gebracht en gebruikt als testobject om te zien hoe kwetsbaar een modern airframe was tegen diverse soorten lichte wapens. De haast waarmee het TSR-2-project werd geschrapt is sinds die dagen bij veel (oud-)BAC-personeelsleden een bron van discussie en van frustratie.

Slechts twee afgebouwde toestellen die nog niet hadden gevlogen overleefden de sloop; de XR220 staat in het RAF-museum in Cosford bij Wolverhampton en de XR222 staat in het Imperial War Museum in Duxford.

Als vervanger voor de TSR-2 koos het Ministerie van Defensie voor twee kandidaten; de Amerikaanse General Dynamics F-111K voor de interdictie en verkenningsrol en een vervanger op de lange termijn die door een toekomstige gecombineerde Frans-Engelse firma moest worden ontworpen.

Het F-111K-project leed door de devaluatie van het Britse pond echter zelf ook onder de enorme kostenvermeerdering tijdens de ontwikkeling. Deze bleek zelfs nog hoger te zijn dan bij het TSR-2-project. Toen deze omstandigheden werden gekoppeld aan de slechtere prestaties dan was voorzien, werd de bestelling voor 50 F-111Ks voor de RAF ongedaan gemaakt.

In plaats hiervan werd gekozen voor de F-4 Phantom II en voor een verbeterde Blackburn Buccaneer die van de Royal Navy overging naar de Royal Air Force. Dit waren nota bene dezelfde vliegtuigen die de RAF in eerste instantie had afgewezen om goedkeuring voor de bestelling en ontwikkeling van de TSR-2 te verkrijgen.

De verbeterde Blackburn Buccaneer bleek zeer capabel voor deze rollen te zijn en het toestel was zelfs in de vroege jaren 90 nog operationeel.

Voor de TSR-2 blijft, net als voor de ongedaan gemaakte bestelling voor de Canadese AVRO CF-105 Arrow-onderscheppingsjager, altijd de vraag open wat er gebeurd zou zijn als het voor zijn tijd zeer moderne toestel toch in dienst was gekomen.

De F-4 Phantom II en Blackburn Buccaneer werden uiteindelijk vervangen door de Panavia Tornado, een veel kleinere swing wing-versie dan de F-111 of de TSR-2.

Ook de Sovjet-Unie ontwikkelde zijn swing-wing-jagers en interdictie-bommenwerpers in de jaren 60 en 70.

Slechts de Australische luchtmacht (RAAF) kocht de F-111 aan. Deze werden pas eind 2010 uitgefaseerd.

Externe links
 Thunder & Lightnings TSR-2
 Lost Classics TSR-2
 Videobeelden TSR-2 test
 Virtual RAF TSR-2

Bommenwerper


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Tag Archives: Donald Trump
Review – 'Celebrity Apprentice'
The Apprentice was presumed dead until the threat of a Writers' strike resulted in its return to NBC's schedule with a twist: celebrities. It's a twist which few American competition shows have really used in the past, although it is far more popular worldwide. It's a last stretch towards relevance on the part of Donald Trump, and its quality is really not the question.
Cultural Learnings won't be spending any considerable time on the series (We'll pick up Survivor again before considering it), but I couldn't ignore the potential hilarity which could follow from its premiere. I haven't been able to get my snark on in a while, so I thought this might be a return to form of sorts.
Except that…it really isn't. See, here's the thing: Celebrity Apprentice is really no different than the normal Apprentice, except that the self-congratulatory mugging and parade of celebrities have become the focus. Trump introduced how he invited people who were commodities, but in reality he is really just attempting to save his own fading commodity.
The result is a series where Trump is the ultimate philanthropist and where the name of the game is celebrities arguing and bickering but ultimately coming together for the little people. And rather than being humorous, it's just kind of bland – a few are objectionable enough to transcend into humor, but most are genuinely in this for good reason and it's just sad to see them sit through this tripe.
Filed under Television
Tagged as Celebrity Apprentice, Donald Trump, Gene Simmons, NBC, Omarosa, The Apprentice
'Lady or a Tramp': Donald Trump as Role Model for Young Girls
'The Apprentice' was designed as an opportunity for Donald Trump to spread his business knowledge…on paper. In reality, it was all an attempt to spread his massive ego. I don't know if it is because he's delusional, but Donald Trump seriously believes that he is the moral guideline for the nation. And it is this side of Trump, this side of self-involved tomfoolery, that emerges within FOX's in-development 'Lady or a Tramp'.
Series, which will combine the competition and self-improvement aspects of reality television with the sizzle of the tabloids, is an adaptation of the British series "Ladette to Lady." On that show, party girls are sent to the U.K. charm school Eggleston Hall, where they are taught "how to go from throwing a kegger to throwing a tea party," Goldman quipped. Girls are required to wear tweed skirts and pearl necklaces, and taught the finer points of skills like flower arranging and needlework. Contestants then face challenges in those areas, with one girl expelled from the school at the end of each episode. "Tramp" will follow a similar format and also show ample footage of the girls partying.
Now, Variety notes Trump's attempts at self-improvement, but I believe that this is once again a feeble attempt to extend his fame. Producers of the show are quick to admit that they're cashing in on (I'd say exploiting) the tabloid rumours swirling around Lindsay Lohan and Paris Hilton, and really that's all that is occurring here. And it's mildly alarming.
Filed under FOX, Reality TV, Television, The Apprentice
Tagged as Donald Trump
The End of 'The Apprentice': Trump Goes Out His Own Way
Donald Trump, it seems, does not get cancelled. No, instead Donald Trump is the Canceller. And always will be. After NBC revealed its fall schedule a week ago, there was one show that wasn't mentioned and yet was left open to discussion. That show was Donald Trump's The Apprentice, and after series-low ratings and struggles, it was clear that NBC wasn't going to bring back the series. When even a high-profile feud with Rosie O'Donnell can't save you, I don't know what could. As a result, things looked bleak for Trump…so he has emerged to get the final word.
Yahoo News – Donald Trump to NBC: "You can't fire me, I quit!"
"Donald Trump, whose low-rated reality show "The Apprentice" was left off the new prime-time schedule unveiled this week by NBC, says the network can't fire him — he quits.
The real estate mogul issued a statement on Friday saying he has informed the U.S. television network he is "moving on from 'The Apprentice' to a major new TV venture," though he declined to elaborate."
So, with this Trump gets to end things his way. Mind you, no one is actually going to think he wasn't forced out (If he really wanted to pull this off he would have done this before last week's upfront presentation and not a week after), but still Trump gets the last word. And, of course, hypes his upcoming television venture (I figure he's going to try to launch a take-off of America's Next Top Model looking for some new recruits for Trump Modeling).
It is funny, however, that Trump is the one to put the final nail in the coffin of The Apprentice, because I would argue that it is he who ended the show's quality as well. The show began with a fairly reputable structure that was actually quite compelling. The show's tasks weren't laden with sponsorships, the board rooms were civil and intriguing, and the winner actually seemed like they could work for a major corporation.
Filed under NBC, Reality TV, The Apprentice, Upfronts

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I strongly support making our tax code fairer and simpler for American families. That's why I was proud to work with President Trump to pass the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which cuts taxes for every American and encourages businesses to create jobs and improve benefits for hardworking employees. After 8 years of East Tennessee being ignored by the previous administration, I am proud of this administration's efforts to ensure all Americans benefit from comprehensive tax reform.


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Since the Great Recession ended in 2009, no other market players have had a greater impact on the multifamily lending industry than Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. As of this past May, Fannie and Freddie held or guaranteed 44 percent of all outstanding multifamily mortgages, up from 25 percent in 2006. The two government-sponsored enterprises, or GSEs, also play a vital role in the purchase or guaranteeing of small-balance multifamily commercial mortgages — loans valued between $750,000 and $7.5 million.
Although they target borrowers and property types with similar profiles, Fannie Mae's and Freddie Mac's programs are fundamentally different. It is imperative for a successful commercial mortgage broker to understand these differences, so they can provide value to their multifamily clients by offering uniquely customized solutions, particularly in the small-balance market.
Fannie Mae's and Freddie Mac's programs have historically been the preferred choice for commercial mortgage brokers because of their highly competitive structures, broker-driven business models and yield-premium options, compared to placing loans with commercial banks.
In the past decade, the increase in the GSEs' multifamily-loan market share was based on an aggressive government response to overall limited liquidity in the commercial mortgage sector during the recession. In particular, this was true of affordable housing in smaller, remote markets.
While the national multifamily market currently maintains healthy fundamentals and a strong appetite across all lender types, the GSEs continue to be a leading option for most small-balance borrowers. The Federal Housing Finance Agency's announcement that its lending caps for the GSEs wouldn't change in 2017 only bolsters that trend.
With pricing being one of the biggest drivers in choosing a loan type, it is important to understand the sizable differences between Fannie's and Freddie's programs. Fannie Mae has one set of pricing that is effectively uniform, regardless of whether the property is in one of the top 10 markets or a remote area. Freddie Mac, on the other hand, has four pricing tiers: top market, standard market, small market and very small market. The variations among these four tiers is substantial — including a variance in the interest rate between tiers that can be 1 percentage point or more.
The programs also have different prepayment options and maximum leverage requirements. Freddie Mac designates market-pricing tiers by county, for example, so it is important to check the pricing scheme to avoid erroneously quoting a wrong price to clients. While Freddie Mac has considerably lower rates in the top markets, Fannie Mae is generally better priced in small markets. A savvy mortgage broker should know instinctively which program's pricing is the natural fit for a property's location.
Both Fannie's and Freddie's small-balance programs offer balloon-loan structures. The differences between Fannie's and Freddie's loan structures, however, are considerable. Fannie primarily offers fixed-rate balloon loans with terms ranging from five to 30 years. The loan terms can be customized, usually at a premium, for any duration between five and 30 years.
Freddie offers a 20-year hybrid mortgage that is fixed for the first five, seven or 10 years before converting to an adjustable-rate loan for the duration of the term. Floating-period rates are based on the six-month Libor index with the initial rate as the start floor, a 1 percent annual reset and a lifetime rate cap of 5 percent above the start rate.
The structure of these loans target two different types of clients, and it is important to match a client's investment strategy to an available loan structure. Investors with a short-term ownership horizon, strong concerns about access to competitive debt at loan maturity, or those looking for flexible loan terms would be better suited to take a Freddie Mac loan. Investors who have extensive interest-rate concerns, longer investment horizons, or life-event needs that require a customized, fully amortizing loan would most benefit from a Fannie Mae loan.
Timing is often the most important factor when financing an acquisition, and the two GSE small-balance multifamily loan programs have essential timing differences that can make or break a transaction.
Fannie Mae exclusively uses a handful of Delegated Underwriting and Servicing (DUS) lenders. These companies underwrite and internally approve loans without requiring Fannie Mae's involvement unless, in rare instances, there are multiple extenuating circumstances that require program waivers. Barring that, the typical Fannie loan process takes 45 to 50 days for approval and an additional seven to 10 days to close.
Freddie Mac, on the other hand, is not a delegated program. Even after a loan has received full lender approval, Freddie internally underwrites the loan before issuing a commitment. This additional layer typically adds 10 to 15 business days to the loan-approval process, depending on the complexity of the deal and the volume of transactions under review.
Freddie rarely makes material changes to a loan seller's recommendations but, unfortunately, it is even more rare for it to finalize an internal review in less than 10 business days. These are conservative estimates, and sometimes it takes longer. If Freddie is involved, a seasoned mortgage broker will always make sure an additional two weeks of contingency time is built into the loan-closing timeframe.
One of the main reasons borrowers decline a GSE-based loan is the prepayment penalty. Like all securitized loans, the GSE small-balance platform has historically offered only yield-maintenance prepayment options. This complex and impossible-to-predict formula was not a fit for most small-balance borrowers who had come to expect a simple and straightforward prepayment schedule from commercial banks.
Understanding this was a fundamental problem and opportunity, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac began offering step-down prepayments. Fannie offers a single step-down prepayment plan for adjustable-rate loans and three step-down options for fixed-rate loans, as long as the property has 50 or fewer units.
Freddie offers step-down options for its hybrid and fixed-rate loans. The floating-loan portion of a Freddie hybrid mortgage has a 1 percent prepayment charge regardless of loan term.
These types of customized prepayments are a real competitive advantage over commercial banks. Detailed product knowledge in this area makes a big impact for a broker when sourcing potential clients.
The extremely competitive loan costs for the Fannie and Freddie small-balance programs are greatly impacted by the loan-amount ceilings. One of the biggest advantages of both programs is having total third-party costs that are generally less than what is charged by most commercial banks.
A third-party deposit, ranging from $5,500 to $8,500, covers an appraisal, property-condition report, Phase I environmental report and a lender's legal costs. That expense varies by market, not by loan size. It's somewhat costly for a $1 million loan, but is substantially inexpensive for a $5 million loan.
Fannie Mae's program typically has loan amounts from $750,000 to $5 million, with Freddie Mac ranging from $1 million to $7.5 million. Both programs will consider smaller and larger transactions, typically within 10 percent of the loan floor or ceiling.
When a small-balance borrower considers a loan, the monthly payment amount is usually a leading factor in their decisionmaking process. Both Fannie's and Freddie's programs offer a standard 30-year amortization schedule, but each has a very different approach to offering interest-only payments and a customized amortization schedule.
Fannie Mae is the only option if a client is looking for a fully amortizing loan of any duration. The program offers interest-only payments but is more conservative in that area. A loan can include one year of interest-only payments, at any leverage, on a term of at least 10 years. Partial-term interest-only loans must have a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio below 65 percent, with a debt-service coverage (DSC) ratio above 1.35. Full-term, interest-only loans must have an LTV below 55 percent and a DSC above 1.55.
Freddie Mac typically will not accept an amortization schedule of less than 20 years and does not offer a fully amortizing loan. Its interest-only options are much more competitive, however, particularly in top and standard markets. In those markets, Freddie offers no interest for one year on a five-year loan; two years of no interest on a seven-year loan; and three years of no interest on a 10-year loan.
For clients looking to aggressively pay down their loan or eliminate the risk of refinancing, Fannie Mae is the best option. For clients that are looking to maximize cash flow or have a value-add opportunity requiring a smaller payment burden while they reposition the asset, Freddie Mac is a more appropriate choice.
With the continued commitment by the GSEs to play an active role in the multifamily financing sector, mortgage brokers would be wise to develop detailed knowledge of Fannie's and Freddie's unique benefits in order to capitalize on their programs and be successful. Once they have a transparent and smooth loan process, most borrowers will maintain a strong commitment to their broker as well as to these programs that address their small-balance multifamily financing needs.


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Tag Archives: Jen Silverman
Review: A Short Reunion at Single Carrot Theatre
Posted on April 24, 2017 by Jason
Running Time: 2 hours and 30 minutes with no intermission
Baltimore is full of quirkiness… there's no way around it. However, it's also filled with a certain charm that earns it the Charm City nickname. Adding to all this quirkiness and charm, independent theatres have been popping up all over the place and trying new things, stepping out of the traditional theatre experience and contributing to the overall personality of the city. Some have been around for a few years, ten to be exact, and Single Carrot Theatre's latest offering, A Short Reunion, Directed by various Single Carrot folks, of past and present, and Written by various authors is a new, creative presentation of short plays that takes the audience on a little field trip through Remington, a little corner of Baltimore, and proudly puts the city's quirkiness and charm on display for an evening of blending the older (original) Single Carrot Theatre with the new.
The evening started out by congregating outside of Single Carrot theatre and breaking up into groups with tour guides and I had the pleasure of being in cute-as-a-button Brian Gilbert's group and after a few brief comments giving us the ground rules of the "tour", we were off… all the way over to Parts & Labor Restaurant, which was about 20 paces. Whew! The agony! Once there, the performances hit the ground running with 36 Questions or Emily & Sanders by Adam Szymkowicz, Directed by the current Single Carrot Theatre Ensemble. It's a cute, relatable piece about a couple, Emily and Sanders, on a first date, trying to break through the awkwardness when they finally decide to play a "game" where they have to get through 36 questions they've found on the Internet. This piece is a great way to start off the evening, though, outside of a traditional theatre setting, the performances seem a bit scripted and unnatural, but the text and story are authentic and entertaining.
Paul Diem and Ben Kleymeyer in Grand Mal. Credit: Single Carrot Theatre
Next, cute Brian guides us down the street a few blocks, all the while keeping us engaged with questions and anecdotes relating to the piece or personal stories, to Church of the Guardian Angel where, after climbing a flight of narrow, old stairs, the audience is escorted into the sanctuary where we experience Grand Mal by Shawn Reddy, Directed by Brendan Ragan, dealing with a funeral and the dead man's son or… sons? The material covers some existential topics such as time and space and, well, traveling through time and space and might be a bit predictable, but is enjoyable none the less.
Jessica Moose Garrett and Elliott Rauh in The Ninth Planet. Credit: Single Carrot Theatre
Leaving the church, we trek down to a corner spot where The Ninth Planet by Olivia Dufault, Directed by Lauren A. Saunders starts its performances right there on the sidewalk. Performed beautifully by Alix Fenhagen, Jessica Moose Garrett, and Elliott Rauh, this piece tells the tale of an exceedingly bright young woman who ventures off to find a better place and something new while, at home, she doesn't apply herself in school and is stuck in a crazy situation with a single alcoholic dad. It takes a moment to "get" the piece, but the actors are committed and the space is very intimate, automatically immersing the audience.
Rohaizad Suaidi and Lauren Erica Jackson in Tense White People Have Dinner. Credit: Single Carrot Theatre
From there, the evening takes us to the Young Audiences offices for Tense White People Have Dinner by Jen Silverman, Directed by Dustin C.T. Morris. This funny piece takes us through a dinner party, of sorts, with two sisters who have very different relationships with their gentlemen. With eyeballs falling out and revelations being made, this piece is serious, yet funny with commendable performances, though Rohaizad Suaidi seemed rather scripted and over-animated, he still gives a committed performances to match the wonderful performances from Meghan Stanton, Matt Shea, and Lauren Erica Jackson. By the way, The Young Audiences offices is a great time to take a restroom break, should you need it!
Meg Jabaily and Nathan Fulton in Bruce/Brenda/David. Credit: Single Carrot Theatre
Bruce/Brenda/David by J. Buck Jabaily and Nathan Fulton (with Aldo Pantoja and Meg Jabaily), Directed by J. Buck Jabaily is next on the tour, with cute Brain guiding a few steps away from the Young Audiences offices to right in front of Single Carrot Theatre and this piece, based on true events, is definitely a highlight of the evening. Simple and performed impeccably by Aldo Pantoja, Nathan Fulton, and Meg Jabaily, this piece gives us insight into a hermaphroditic young person and a scrupulous, but respected Johns Hopkins doctor and events leading the sad ending of a person named Bruce, then Brenda, then David. It is a poignant, important piece that promotes all kinds of feels.
At this point, we're back to Emily & Sanders (from 36 Questions or Emily & Sanders) to check in and see how they were doing on their first date and they've gotten through most of the questions and seem to make a connection. At this point, we also lose cute Brian as a guide in a very over-the top, absolutely scripted (I hope it's intended to be) hullabaloo between Brian and Ben Kleymeyer, who could pull back the acting a bit, if authenticity is the objective, and Brian is "fired" or "quits" in a huff, leaving Ben to guide us to our next destination.
This time, we join forces with another group and are back to Church of the Guardian Angel and we are guided upstairs to a space that had a past life as a small gymnasium to experience Live Through This by Caridad Svich, Directed by Genevieve De Mahy. I'm going to admit it. Someone is going to have to explain the purpose of this piece to me. In a nutshell, it was like an art installment of various points of history with a piece of hanging art in the middle of the room that theatre-goers could participate in its creation by pouring paint onto it. A disembodied voice blares out of a single speaker on one side of the room with ambient music backing him up. Everyone is so busy reading the descriptions of the exhibits, hardly anyone pays attention to the voice or what he is saying, so, this one might want to be thought through a bit more. Aside from the distractions from the text, the piece just doesn't make much sense to me, but it could be my fault… Maybe I should have concentrated more on the disembodied voice?
Dustin C.T. Morris and Elliott Rauh in Itch So Bad. Credit: Single Carrot Theatre
After scratching my head from Live Through This, we are walked down the street to the Miller's Court Building where we are treated to Itch So Bad by Joshua Conkel, Directed by Ben Klemeyer. This piece is hilarious, performed bravely and confidently by committed, eventually scantily clad actors Elliott Rauh and Dustin C.T. Morris. Poking fun at promiscuity and the risks that go along with such a blithe attitude toward sex, this piece (which is set up more traditionally with seats to take a load off) is another highlight of the evening adding a rag-tag live band of "Scabies" to help the story along with familiar songs that add an extra bit of humor to the already funny piece.
Genevieve De Mahy and Alix Fenhagen in One More Time. Credit: Single Carrot Theatre
The night begins to wind down in a garage/workshop across the street from Single Carrot Theatre with One More Time by Eric Coble, Directed by Brendan Ragan and this short piece, told completely through action, with one solitary word of dialogue, is practically silent but powerful. The actresses, Genevieve De Mahy and Alix Fenhagen are brilliant and exude so much emotion without speaking, it truly is a credit to their acting chops. The story tells of a reunion of sorts where both parties seems to have different ideas of what they want out of it and these actresses portray those feelings flawlessly.
Paul Diem in The Therapist. Credit: Single Carrot Theatre
Ending the evening in the same garage/workshop The Therapist by Charles Mee, Directed by Genevieve De Mahy and, the ending of One More Time seamlessly slides into this piece. The garage door is raised and the rest of the ensemble from all the other pieces are standing there like Walkers from The Walking Dead and they rush in to envelope the audience with a speech performed enthusiastically by Paul Diem about the state of the arts and about artists in general. His charisma is spot on for this piece, even as he's stripping down to his unmentionables! The audience is given little flags and other accouterments as Diem leads them out of the garage and down the street as if it is a march for art, ending at Single Carrot Theatre, coming around full circle.
All in all, it was an enjoyable evening and more like a leisurely stroll through Remington with the bonus of catching some theatre while out for a walk. The ensemble knows the materials and, more importantly understands the material and it all makes for a great night of Baltimore theatre.
Final thought… A Short Reunion presented by Single Carrot Theatre is a bold, innovative piece that the traditional theatre-goer might find a bit taxing, but it has a very personable feel and gives one a chance to explore the little corner of Baltimore where Single Carrot calls home – Remington. Roughly a mile walk, keep an eye on the weather and dress accordingly… you know how Maryland can get all bi-polar with its weather! Also, just as a note, if you have any disability that makes it difficult for stairs, unless Single Carrot has made arrangements for any foreseeable situation, there will be an issue in seeing a few of the performances because of stairs. You might want to give them a call ahead of time if you have any questions. Overall, the performance is quite enjoyable (and I got to experience it during a beautiful spring evening) and exudes the charm and quirkiness with which Baltimore drips. The tour is well-designed and thought out so there's no unnecessary detours and though I may enjoyed certain performances more than others, I enjoyed all of them, as a whole. It's called A Short Reunion but it's also a short run so if you want a different kind of theatre-going experience; something new and quirky… and quite enjoyable… get your tickets now!
Short plays included in A Short Reunion:
36 Questions or Emily & Sanders by Adam Szymkowicz
The Ninth Planet by Olivia Dufault
Tense White People Have Dinner by Jen Silverman
Grand Mal by Shawn Reddy
Bruce/Brenda/David by J. Buck Jabaily & Nathan Fulton (with Aldo Pantoja and Meg Jabaily)
Itch So Bad by Joshua Conkel
Live Through This by Caridad Svich
One More Time by Eric Coble
The Therapist by Charles Mee
This is what I thought of Single Carrot Theatre's production of A Short Reunion… What did you think? Please feel free to leave a comment!
A Short Reunion will play through April 30 at Single Carrot Theatre, 2600 N. Howard Street, Baltimore, MD. For tickets, call the box office at (443) 844-9253 or purchase them online.
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Posted in Reviews	| Tagged 36 Questions or Emily & Sanders, A Short Reunion, Aldo Pantoja, Alix Fenhagen, Baltimore Theatre, Ben Kleymeyer, Brendan Ragan, Brian Gilbert, Bruce/Brenda/David, Caridad Svich, Charles Mee, Dustin C. T. Morris, Elliott Rauh, Genevieve De Mahy, Grand Mal, Itch So Bad, J. Buck Jabaily, Jen Silverman, Jessica Moose Garrett, Joshua Conkel, Lauren A. Saunders, Lauren Erica Jackson, Live Through This, Matt Shea, Meg Jabaily, Meghan Stanton, Nathan Fulton, Olivia DuFalt, One More Time, Paul Diem, Rohaizad Suaidi, Shawn Reddy, Single Carrot Theatre, Tense White People Have Dinner, The Ninth Planet, The Therapist	| Leave a reply
Review: The Roommate at Everyman Theatre
Posted on November 1, 2016 by Jason
Running Time: 1 hour and 30 minutes with one 15-minute intermission
Beth Hylton as Robyn & Deborah Hazlett as Sharon. Credit: Photos by Stan Barouh
I suppose once we've settled into a way of life, we're all a little afraid to rock the boat and, God forbid, start over. The latest offering from Everyman Theatre, the East Coast debut of The Roomate by Jen Silverman and Directed by Johanna Gruenhut, gives us a glimpse into what could happen if that's what a couple of middle aged ladies must do. A coming-of-age story about two middle aged women? Yep! That's right! Much like a modern day Odd Couple, these two characters couldn't be more different but have so much to offer each other, whether they know it or not.
Though the story is a little predictable, as it has been told many times before, it still holds a certain charm and a slight twist at the end that I was not expecting. It's simply a story of self-discovery and stepping out of your comfort zones and the production at Everyman Theatre is smart, modern, and poignant.
Everyman has always impressed with their sets and The Roommate is no exception. Set Design by Timothy R. Mackabee is striking and authentic. Much like the Midwestern state in which the play takes place, the set doesn't have too many level but is flat and expansive as Iowa itself. The details are impeccable from the running water to the magnets on the old refrigerator and makes one feel "at home" as if they were sitting in their own kitchen. Though there is more than enough cabinet space, there's not much in the way of furniture (other than kitchen appliances and a kitchen table and chairs), and the stage is very maneuverable making for a very good flow to the action. There aren't a lot bells and whistles but it's simply a very quaint, almost boring kitchen that actually makes this set design near perfect and absolutely appropriate.
Deborah Hazlett as Sharon. Credit: Photos by Stan Barouh
Lighting Design by Jesse Belsky for The Roommate is nothing short of flawless. When it comes to a play, technical subtleties really make or break a production and Belsky hit the nail on the head. The use of lighting to distinguish morning, afternoon, and evening is stunning and I could tell exactly what time of day it was simply from the lighting. Working with the set and casting shadows all over the stage gives the design a very realistic and cinematic vibe that works well with this piece. Both interior and exterior lighting is spot on and sets the mood for each scene. The design is well thought out and adds significant value to this production.
I must take a moment to mention the phenomenal Sound Design by Stowe Nelson. Nelson's impressive work is a definite technical highlight for this production. Somehow, Nelson manages to play with the sound and the acoustics in a way I haven't seen, yet, on the Baltimore stage. Notably, he magically takes a localized sound cue (a radio or record player) that's playing in a corner of the stage, as part of the scene, and gradually throws it into the audience over the PA system, filling the entire theatre. Mostly used during transitions, this "trick" gives the feeling of watching a film on the silver screen rather than sitting in a theatre with live actors. Major kudos goes to Stowe Nelson for his outstanding design.
The Roommate is set in present day and Costume Design by Sarah Cubbage was well thought-out and appropriate for the characters. Displaying their polar opposites, Cubbage's choices are very clever, matching a leather jacket, jeans, and boots on one character to a more conservative, blouse, slacks, and flats on the other. The two different wardrobes complement each other very nicely and express the differences the two ladies have.
Director Johanna Gruenhut is to be commended for her work on this piece. She really seems to understand the story and gets her actresses to tell it convincingly. It's sometimes difficult to keep up the humor in a serious piece, but Gruenhut manages to keep everything light and breezy while not taking away from the emotional soul of the piece. She keeps the action moving smoothly onstage with her smart blocking and the transitions are seamless. Gruenhut presents a well though-out and beautifully cast piece.
Beth Hylton as Robyn. Credit: Photos by Stan Barouh
Moving into the performance aspect of The Roommate, Beth Hylton, an Everyman Theatre Resident Company member, gives an thoughful and heartfelt performance as Robyn, the somewhat crass uprooted Brooklyn native trying to find her way through a very different Iowa. She brings an appropriate edginess to this character that fits wonderfully. Though, at first glance, I couldn't believe she was a middle-aged woman, I quickly realized she's not playing the stereotypical middle-aged woman, but a confident, independent woman who sees age as just a number. She's very comfortable on the stage and with this character and seems to understand the inner turmoil her character is experiencing and she has a complete grasp on the reasons her character is so mysterious making for an enjoyable and commendable performance.
Deborah Hazlett, another Everyman Theatre Resident Company member, gives an outstanding performance tackling the role of Sharon. Her authenticity shines through from the moment she sets foot on stage and she really has a grasp of her character, a Midwestern middle-aged divorcee. Her comedic timing is on point and the gradual transition of her character is presented flawlessly. She has a commanding stage presence and moves comfortably and with purpose throughout the production. Though both characters are changed by the end of the story (which is inevitable for these types of characters in this type of show), Hazlett's character has the greatest change and she pulls it off with great emotion mixed in with just the right amount of comedy.
The naturalism these two actresses have bring the audience into the story and make these characters accessible. It's easy for the audience, both men and women, to find aspects of each character to which they can relate making for a very gratifying evening of theatre.
Final thought… The Roommate is a funny, yet poignant tale of starting over and discovering new things about the world and yourself when you think your life and the world is just about over. Self-realization and change can come at any time and when you least expect it, you just have to be open to it. This production at Everyman Theatre is worth an evening of your time and, who knows? You may discover one or two things about yourself!
That's what I though. What do you think? Feel free to leave me a comment below!
The Roommate will play through November 27 at Everyman Theatre, 315 W. Fayette Street, Baltimore, MD. For tickets, call the box office at 410-752-2208 or purchase them online.
Posted in Reviews	| Tagged Baltimore Theatre, Beth Hylton, Deborah Hazlett, Everyman Theatre, Jen Silverman, Jesse Belsky, Johanna Gruenhut, Sarah Cubbage, Stowe Nelson, The Roommate, Timothy R. Mackabee	| Leave a reply


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UN rights experts demand release of Palestinian girl detained in Israel
Ram Eachambadi | JURIST Staff
Two UN rights experts expressed serious concern [press release] on Tuesday regarding the arrest and detention of Ahed Tamimi, a 17-year-old Palestinian girl who became famous for slapping an Israeli soldier during a physical confrontation.
UN Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in the Palestinian Territory Michael Lynk and Chair-Rapporteur of the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention José Antonio Guevara Bermúdez [official profiles] demanded Tamimi's immediate release during the proceedings and called for future hearings to be held in strict accordance with international legal standards. Tamimi has been in detention in Israel since her arrest at her home in December where she was filmed physically confronting Israel soldiers at her family's property in Nabi Salah in the Israel-occupied West Bank. The following month, Tamimi was charged with a number of offenses under Israel military law for both the December incident and for others dating back to April 2016.
An Israel Military judge, who prohibited the media from entering the courtroom and began the trial behind closed doors [Al Jazeera report], has ruled that Tamimi should remain in detention until the end of her trial and adjourned Tuesday's hearing until early March.
Lynk reminded Israel that the The Convention on the Rights of the Child [text, PDF], which Israel has ratified, requires adherence to the policy that "children are to be deprived of their liberty only as a last resort, and only for the shortest appropriate period of time." Lynk added:
None of the facts of this case would appear to justify her ongoing detention prior to her trial, particularly given the concerns expressed by the Committee on the Rights of the Child about the use of pre-trial detention and detention on remand. … Sadly, this is not an isolated case … Figures from Palestine show that Israel detains and prosecutes between 500 to 700 Palestinian children in military courts annually. We have received reports that these children are commonly mistreated while in detention, subjected to both physical and psychological abuse, deprived of access to lawyers or family members during interrogation, and tried under a military court system in which there are significant concerns regarding independence and impartiality, and which has a worryingly high conviction rate.
Particularly noting Tamimi's arrest in the middle of the night by well-armed soldiers and her subsequent questioning by Israeli security officials without a lawyer or family members present, Lynk and José Guevara called on the Israel authorities "to respect and ensure basic due process rights, with particular attention to the rights and protections afforded to children" and to release Tamimi in accordance with these protections.


This week's CMT Music Awards will feature seven premiere television performances of brand new songs.
Sam Hunt will make a premiere performance of his new single, "Downtown's Dead," while Dierks Bentley will welcome Brothers Osborne for "Burning Man," a track off Bentley's upcoming album The Mountain.
"Whenever Kelly is involved, she will blow the doors off of it," Comeaux says, commenting on the pop performances included in this year's lineup. "For a long time we've felt that when you look at music fans, people aren't stuck in one genre anymore and I think country music reflects that." Certainly, CMT has had a hand in bringing together pop and country fans over the years, with its long-running, critically-acclaimed CMT Crossroads.
It wouldn't be the CMT Music Awards without top notch collaborations, and this year there are plenty in the works.
In addition to the Bentley/Brothers Osborne collab, CMT will welcome Darius Rucker along with Jason Aldean, Luke Bryan, and Charles Kelley for a first performance of "Straight To Hell," from Rucker's When Was The Last Time album.
The performers join previously announced performers Blake Shelton, Chris Stapleton, Jason Aldean and Kelsea Ballerini.
The CMT Music Awards begin Wednesday (June 6) at 8 p.m. ET.


CJ Here dropping you guys a quick nutrition tip Wednesday and here's the deal…ALL "diets" work but NO "DIET" works.
A bunch of different approaches to losing weight, getting leaner, more toned, and the body you want can work but not if you're "on a diet." In order to create true TRANSFORMATION, you have to take small steps (habits) and layer them on top of each other until you BECOME the person you need to be.
A crash diet or fad? Yeah, that'll work for three weeks until you realize you're having a tough week at work, eat like crap throughout the weekend and put the 6 pounds you lost right back on!
3. Don't downplay the "small" change – it's strategic and you know it's going to stick and you'll adhere to it 100% of the time.


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\subsection{A) Details of the parameters}

Figure~\ref{fig: ColorCode} summarizes the values of the parameters used in the simulations as well as the color code used in all figures except figure~\ref{Fig: 4} of the main text and figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c|S) and P(ell_c|ell)} of the supplemental material.

\vspace{1cm}
\begin{figure}[h]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{ColorCode.png}
	\caption{Color code for all figures except figure~\ref{Fig: 4} of the main text and figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c|S) and P(ell_c|ell)} of the supplemental material.
	Red and magenta are used for $\alpha=0.5$, brown for $\alpha=0.75$, cyan and blue for $\alpha=1$ and yellow and green for $\alpha=1.5$.  \label{fig: ColorCode}}
\end{figure}

The parameters used in figure~\ref{Fig: 4} of the main text are given below while the ones used in figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c|S) and P(ell_c|ell)} of the Supplemental Material are specified in the caption.

\paragraph{\textbf{Main panel of figure~\ref{Fig: 4} $\left(P(D)\text{ and }P(G) \right)$~:}}
$\alpha=0.5$ : $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=0.01$ (red symbols) and $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=0.5$ (magenta) ;
$\alpha=1$ : $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=0.05$ (blue) and $L=2^{17}$and $m^2=0.1$ (cyan) ;
$\alpha=1.5$ : $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=3.10^{-5}$ (yellow) and $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=0.03$ (green).

\paragraph{\textbf{Inset of figure~\ref{Fig: 4} $\left(P(g)\right)$~:}}
$\alpha=0.5$ : $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=0.01$ (magenta triangles) and $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=0.5$ (red squares) ;
$\alpha=1$ : $L=2^{18}$ and $m^2=3.10^{-4}$ (cyan circles), $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=0.05$ (blue triangles) and $L=2^{17}$and $m^2=0.1$ (cyan squares) ;
$\alpha=1.5$ : $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=3.10^{-5}$ (yellow squares) and $L=2^{17}$ and $m^2=0.03$ (green triangles).

\subsection{B) Measurement of the exponents}

\begin{figure}[b]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{Roughness.jpeg}
	\caption{Structure factor.
	The dashed lines correspond to the fit $q^{-(1+2\zeta)}$ with the values of $\zeta$ given in table~\ref{tab: comparison zeta}.
	The color code is the one given in figure \ref{fig: ColorCode} except that $L=25.10^{3}$ for $\alpha=1$ and $L=2^{14}$ for $\alpha=1.5$.\label{fig: Roughness}}
\end{figure}

In this section we present the analysis of our extensive numerical simulations in order to measure
directly the exponents of the avalanche statistics.
All the measurements with error margins are summarized in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}.

\paragraph{\textbf{Roughness exponent}}
The roughness exponent $\zeta$ is determined from the recorded stable configurations $u(x)$, using the structure factor~:
\begin{align}
S(q) &= \overline{u(q) u(-q)} \sim q^{-d+2\zeta)} \, , \label{eq: S(q)} \\
u(q) &= \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \frac{dq}{2\pi} e^{-iqx} u(x) \, , \label{eq: TF u(q)}
\end{align}
with $d=1$ the internal dimension of the interface.
The overline denotes average over disorder. In practice the average is performed over many stable configurations visited by the line during the simulation.
Equation~\eqref{eq: S(q)} is valid for $0<\zeta <1$. Slopes smaller than $q^{-d}$ correspond to $\zeta=0$ with logarithmic corrections.
We compute $S(q)$ for each $\alpha$, using the smallest values of the curvature $m^2$ used in the simulations.
The results are plotted in figure~\ref{fig: Roughness}.

Our best fit values of $\zeta$ are given in table~\ref{tab: comparison zeta} where they are compared with the one loop and two loop calculations from the Functional RG, which are (presumably divergent) series expansions in
$\epsilon=2 \alpha-d$ to order $O(\epsilon)$ and $O(\epsilon^2)$ respectively.
Setting simply $d=1$ in these series the one loop result is $\zeta^{1\text{loop}} = \frac{2\alpha-1}{3}$~\cite{ertas1994, ledoussal2002}. The two loop result reads
$\zeta^{2\text{loop}} = \zeta^{1\text{loop}} + \frac{(2\alpha-1)^2}{3}\frac{\psi(1)+\psi(\alpha)- 2\psi(\alpha/2)}{9\sqrt{2} \gamma}$, from formula
(4.17) and (3.60) in Ref.~\cite{ledoussal2002} (we noted that the integral in (3.60) can be performed explicitly). Note that these formula can also be seen as an expansion around $\alpha=1/2$ for fixed $d=1$.
For $\alpha=1$ there exists a previous more precise numerical determination $\zeta=0.388(2)$~\cite{rosso2002}.
It is this value that we used for computing the numerical values of the predictions in the table of the main text.

\begin{center}
\begin{table}[h]
	\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c}

		  &  $\alpha=0.5$ & $\alpha=0.75$ & $\alpha=1$ & $\alpha=1.5$ \\
		\hline
		$\zeta$ from Fig.~\ref{fig: Roughness} & $\sim 0$ & $0.18(1)$ & $0.37(2)$ &
		$0.77(2)$ \\
		$\zeta^{1\text{loop}}$ & 0 & $1/6$ & $1/3$ & $2/3$ \\
		$\zeta^{2\text{loop}}$ & 0 & 0.21 & 0.46  & 0.96\\
		\hline
	\end{tabular}
	\caption{Comparison of our measurements of the roughness exponent with the one loop and two loop predictions. As noted in \cite{ledoussal2002} for $\alpha=1$ and 2 (see table 2 there), the numerical value is intermediate between the 1 loop and 2 loop estimates
	\label{tab: comparison zeta}}
\end{table}
\end{center}

\paragraph{\textbf{Avalanche exponents}}
We now focus on the exponents of the global avalanche. We expect the avalanche size $S$ and linear size $\ell$ to obey the following distributions~:
\begin{align}
P(S) &= S^{-\tau} f_S \left( S/S_m \right) \, , \label{eq: P(S)} \\
P(\ell) &= \ell^{-\kappa} f_{\ell} \left( \ell/\ell_m \right) \, , \label{eq: P(ell)}
\end{align}
where $f_S(y)$ and $f_{\ell}(y)$ are some scaling functions that are constant for $y \ll 1$ and present a fast decay for $y\gg 1$.
The cutoff scales $S_m$ and $\ell_m$ are controlled by the harmonic confinement curvature $m^2$.
It induces a characteristic length $\ell_{m} = m^{-2/\alpha}$ beyond which the line is flattened.
This length is a natural cutoff for the avalanche linear size distribution. Thanks to the self-affinity property of the avalanches it also sets the cutoff for the total avalanche size
$ S_{m} = \ell_{m}^{d+\zeta} = m^{-2(d+\zeta)/\alpha} $.

The avalanche global and linear size distributions are plotted in figure~\ref{fig: P(S) and P(ell)}. The dashed lines correspond to fits of the exponent $\tau$ and $\kappa$ listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}. The data have been rescaled using the cutoff scales $S_m$ and $\ell_m$.
The collapse of the data for each $\alpha$ is a confirmation of the scaling of the cutoffs as well as of the values of the exponents.

\begin{figure}
    \begin{adjustwidth}{-1cm}{-1cm}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{P_Of_S.jpeg}\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{P_Of_ell.jpeg}
	\caption{\textbf{Left:} Collapse of the avalanche size distribution.
	$P(S/S_m)$ is the probability distribution of the variable $S/S_m$ with $S_m = \ell_m^{d+\zeta} = m^{-2(d+\zeta)/\alpha}$. The dashed line are fits of the exponent $\tau$ with the values listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}.
	\textbf{Right :} Collapse of the avalanche linear size distribution. $P(\ell/\ell_m)$ is the probability distribution of the variable $\ell/\ell_m$ with $\ell_m = m^{-2/\alpha}$. The dashed line are fits of the exponent $\kappa$ with the values listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}
	Data have been shifted vertically to enhance visibility.
	\label{fig: P(S) and P(ell)}}
	\end{adjustwidth}
\end{figure}

\paragraph{\textbf{Definition of the cluster distribution}}
In this paper we define the distribution of cluster size $S_c$ as follows. We take
$M$ avalanches, which have different cluster number $N_c^{i}$, and let $S_c^{i, j}$ be the $j$th cluster of avalanche $i$. Then taking the limit $M \to \infty$ we define~:
\begin{equation}\label{eq: def P(S_c)}
P(S_c) = \lim_{M \to \infty}\frac{1}{\sum_{i=1}^{M} N_c^{i}} \sum_{i=1}^{M} \sum_{j=1}^{N_c^{i}} \delta(S_c^{i,j} - S_c)
\end{equation}
This prescription amounts to pick one cluster at random among all clusters of all avalanches.
The definition of the conditional probability $P(S_c|S)$ is the same where one selects only avalanches
of size $S$.
From our definition we can derive the equality
$\langle S_c \rangle_S  = S/\langle N_c \rangle_S$
used in the main text.
Indeed considering $M$ avalanches of equal size $S$ the average of the cluster sizes over these avalanches is~:
\begin{equation}\label{eq: equality S_c average}
\langle S_c \rangle_S = \frac{1}{\sum_{i=1}^{M} N_c^{i}} \sum_{i=1}^{M} \sum_{j=1}^{N_c^{i}}S_c^{i,j}
 = \frac{M\times S}{\sum_{i=1}^{M} N_c^{i}} = \frac{S}{\langle N_c \rangle_S}
\end{equation}

The distributions  of cluster extensions $P(\ell_c)$ and of gaps $P(g)$ are defined similarly as in equation~\eqref{eq: def P(S_c)}.
Note that for the gaps $N_c^{i}$ must be replaced by $N_c^{i}-1$ because there are $N_c-1$ gaps for $N_c$ clusters.
In the main text we used the equalities
\begin{align}
\langle \ell_c \rangle_{\ell} = \frac{\ell}{\langle N_c \rangle_{\ell}} \, , \label{eq: equality ell_c} \\
\langle g \rangle_G  = \frac{G}{\langle N_c \rangle_G -1} \, , \label{eq: equality g}
\end{align}
that can be derived in the same manner as in equation~\eqref{eq: equality S_c average}.

\paragraph{\textbf{Cluster exponents}}
We expect the cluster size $S_c$ and cluster extension $\ell_c$ to obey the following distributions~:
\begin{align}
P(S_c) &= S^{-\tau_c} f_{S_c} \left( S_c/S_m \right) \, , \label{eq: P(S_c)} \\
P(\ell_c) &= \ell^{-\kappa_c} f_{\ell_c} \left( \ell_c/\ell_m \right) \, , \label{eq: P(ell_c)}
\end{align}
with scaling functions $f_{S_c}(y)$ and $f_{\ell_c}(y)$ that are constant for $y \ll 1$ and decay fast for $y\gg 1$.
Note that we use the same cutoff scales $S_m$ and $\ell_m$ as for the global avalanches.

The cluster size and extension distributions are plotted in figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c) and P(ell_c)}. The dashed lines correspond to fits of the exponent $\tau_c$ and $\kappa_c$ listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}. The data have been rescaled using the cutoff scales $S_m$ and $\ell_m$.
The collapse of the data for each $\alpha$ is a confirmation of the scaling of the cutoffs as well as of the values of the exponents.

\begin{figure}
    \begin{adjustwidth}{-1cm}{-1cm}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{P_Of_S_c.jpeg}\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{P_Of_ell_c.jpeg}
	\caption{\textbf{Left:} Collapse of the cluster size distribution.
	$P(S_c/S_m)$ is the probability distribution of the variable $S_c/S_m$ with $S_m = \ell_m^{d+\zeta} = m^{-2(d+\zeta)/\alpha}$. The dashed line are fits of the exponent $\tau_c$ with the values listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}.
	\textbf{Right :} Collapse of the cluster extension distribution. $P(\ell_c/\ell_m)$ is the probability distribution of the variable $\ell_c/\ell_m$ with $\ell_m = m^{-2/\alpha}$. The dashed line are fits of the exponent $\kappa_c$ with the values listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}.
	Data have been shifted vertically to enhance visibility.
	\label{fig: P(S_c) and P(ell_c)}}
	\end{adjustwidth}
\end{figure}

\begin{center}
\begin{table}
	\begin{tabular}{c c  c c c c}
		Exponent & Expression & $\alpha=0.5$ & $\alpha=0.75$ & $\alpha=1$ & $\alpha=1.5$ \\
		\hline
		$\zeta$ & $S(q)\sim q^{-(d+2\zeta)}$  & $\sim 0$ & $0.18(1)$ & $0.37(2)$ &
		$0.77(2)$ \\
		$\gamma_S$ & $\langle N_c \rangle_S\sim S^{\gamma_S}$ &
		0.89(1) & 0.73(1) & 0.52(1) & 0.29(1) \\
		$\gamma_{\ell}$ & $\langle N_c \rangle_{\ell} \sim S^{\gamma_{\ell}}$ &
		0.93(2) & 0.80(2) & 0.70(2) & 0.50(2) \\
		$\tau$ & $P(S)\sim S^{-\tau}$ & 1.50(1) & 1.36(2) &
		1.26(2) & 1.14(2) \\
		$\tau_c$ & $P(S_c)\sim S^{-\tau_c}$ & 2.00(10) &
		1.72(4) & 1.56(2) & 1.28(2) \\
		$\kappa$ & $P(\ell)\sim S^{-\kappa}$ & 1.50(2) &
		1.38(5) & 1.33(4) & 1.20(3) \\
		$\kappa_c$ & $P(\ell_c)\sim S^{-\kappa_c}$ &  2.05(5) &
		1.90(5) & 1.80(2) & 1.45(3) \\
		$\kappa_D$ & $P(D)\sim S^{-\kappa_D}$ &
		1.20(7) & 1.15(5) & 1.20(10) & 1.21(6) \\
		$\tau_{N_c}$ &  $P(N_c) \sim N_c^{-\tau_{N_c}}$ & 1.50(2) & 1.50(3) & 1.50(6) & 1.50(8) \\
		$\kappa_g$ & $P(g)\sim g^{-\kappa_g}$ & 1.50(5) & 1.50(3) & 1.50(5) & 1.50(6) \\
		\hline
	\end{tabular}
	\caption{Summary of measurements with error margins.
	\label{tab: measurement with errors}}
\end{table}
\end{center}

\subsection{C) Verification of the assumptions}

\begin{figure}
    \begin{adjustwidth}{-1cm}{-1cm}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{Sc_vs_ellc.jpeg}\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{S_vs_ell.jpeg}
	\caption{\textbf{Left :} Averaged cluster size $\langle S_c \rangle_{\ell_c}$ versus cluster extension $\ell_c$.
	 Dashed lines correspond to fits $\langle S_c \rangle_{\ell_c} \sim \ell_c^{1+\zeta}$ with the values of $\zeta$ listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}. \textbf{Inset :} Conditional probability $P(S_c|\ell_c)$ computed in a small interval around $\ell_c = 1300$. The probability is well peaked. This justifies the derivation of equation \eqref{eq: relation kappa_c tau_c zeta}.
	\textbf{Right :} $\langle S \rangle_{\ell}$ versus $\ell$. The dashed lines correspond to the self-affinity scaling $\langle S \rangle_{\ell} \sim \ell^{d+\zeta}$. Data have been shifted vertically to enhance visibility.
	\label{fig: S_c vs ell_c and S vs ell}}
	\end{adjustwidth}
\end{figure}

In this section we verify the assumptions made in the argument of the main text.
\vspace{.5cm}

\paragraph{\textbf{Self-affinity relations}}
A basic ingredient of the depinning theory is the self-affinity of the interface.
As a consequence the avalanches display the scaling
\begin{equation}
S \sim \ell^{d+\zeta} \label{eq: S sim ell d+zeta}
\end{equation}
which is well-verified for short-range avalanches.
In figure~\ref{fig: S_c vs ell_c and S vs ell} we test that this scaling also holds for long-range avalanches, both for the global avalanches and the clusters, $S_c \sim \ell_c^{d+\zeta}$.
The latter relation is also a consequence of the scaling analysis presented in the main text and yields a scaling relation for the cluster exponents~:
\begin{equation}\label{eq: relation kappa_c tau_c zeta}
\kappa_c -1 = (\tau_c-1)(d+\zeta) \, .
\end{equation}

\begin{figure}
    \begin{adjustwidth}{-1cm}{-1cm}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.16]{P_Of_S_c_Cond_S.jpeg}\includegraphics[scale=0.16]{P_Of_ell_c_Cond_ell.jpeg}\includegraphics[scale=0.16]{P_Of_g_Cond_G.jpeg}
	\caption{\textbf{Left:} Distribution of cluster sizes $S_c$ conditioned by the total size $S$ of the avalanche to which the clusters belong. Two values of $S$ are compared~: $S=10^3$ (circles) and $S=10^5$ (triangles). The conditional distribution $P(S_c|S)$ is a power law cut at $S$ with the same exponent $\tau_c$ as $P(S_c)$.
	\textbf{Middle :} Conditional distribution $P(\ell_c|\ell)$ for $\ell=10^2$ (circles) and $\ell=10^4$ (triangles). The conditional distribution $P(\ell_c|\ell)$ is a power law cut at $\ell$ with the same exponent as $P(\ell)$.
	The dashed lines are fits using the exponents $\tau_c$ (left panel) and $\kappa_c$ (middle) determined in figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c) and P(ell_c)} and listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}.
	\textbf{Parameters values :} $\alpha=0.5$, $m^2=10^{-3}$, $L=2^{17}$ ;
	$\alpha=0.75$, $m^2=3.10^{-4}$, $L=2^{17}$ ; $\alpha=1$, $m^2=3.10^{-4}$, $L=2^{18}$ ;
	$\alpha=1.5$, $m^2=3.10^{-5}$, $L=2^{17}$.
	\textbf{Right :} Conditional distribution $P(g|G)$. For each $\alpha$ two values of $G$ are compared~: $G=10^2$ (circles) and $G=10^4$ (triangles) for $\alpha=0.5$ and $\alpha=1$ and $G=10$ (circles) and $G=10^3$ (triangles) for $\alpha=1.5$. The conditional distribution $P(g|G)$ is a power law cut at $G$ that is fitted with the same exponent $\kappa_g=3/2$ as $P(g)$.
	\textbf{Parameters values :} $\alpha=0.5$, $m^2=0.01$, $L=2^{17}$ ;
	$\alpha=1$, $m^2=0.05$, $L=2^{17}$ ;
	$\alpha=1.5$, $m^2=0.03$, $L=2^{17}$.
	Data have been shifted vertically to enhance visibility.
	\label{fig: P(S_c|S) and P(ell_c|ell)}}
	\end{adjustwidth}
\end{figure}

\paragraph{\textbf{Relation between $\tau_c$ and $\gamma_S$}}

An important assumption of the derivation proposed in Ref.~\cite{laurson2010} is that the cluster size
scales as $S_c \sim S/\langle N_c \rangle_S$. This means that for a given avalanche the clusters have similar sizes. As a consequence one could set $P(S_c)dS_c  = P(S) dS$ which yields
$\tau_c = (\tau - \gamma_S) / (1-\gamma_S)$.
We argued that the latter relation is wrong because the clusters in a given avalanche display very different sizes, from very small up to the avalanche size.
In figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c|S) and P(ell_c|ell)} we show the distribution $P(S_c|S)$ of cluster sizes conditioned by the total size $S$ of the avalanche they belong to. $P(S_c|S)$ displays a power law for
$S_c$ up to $S$ that we fit with the same exponent $\tau_c$ as the unconditioned distribution $P(S_c)$.
Note that the normalization constant does not depend on $S$ (as one can see in figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c|S) and P(ell_c|ell)}) but only on a small scale cutoff $S_0$.
Indeed we have~:
\begin{equation}
\int_{S_0}^{S} S_c^{-\tau_c} dS_c = \frac{S_0^{1-\tau_c} - S^{1-\tau_c}}{\tau_c-1}
	\simeq \frac{S_0^{1-\tau_c}}{\tau_c-1}   \, . \notag
\end{equation}
Therefore the scaling for the mean size of the clusters belonging to avalanches of size $S$ is~:
\begin{equation}
\langle S_c \rangle_S \sim \int_{S_0}^{S} S_c^{1-\tau_c} dS_c \sim S^{2-\tau_c} \, .
\end{equation}
In consequence, using the equality~\eqref{eq: equality S_c average} we have $\langle N_c \rangle_S = S/\langle S_c \rangle_S \sim S^{\tau_c-1}$
which implies the relation~:
\begin{equation}
\gamma_S = \tau_c - 1 \, . \label{eq: tau_c = gamma_s+1}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{\textbf{Relation between $\kappa_c$ and $\gamma_{\ell}$}}
A similar argument holds for the scaling of the cluster extensions. The middle panel of figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c|S) and P(ell_c|ell)} shows that the extensions of clusters belonging to avalanches of linear size $\ell$ are power law distributed, up to the size $\ell$, with the same exponent $\kappa_c$ as the unconditioned distribution $P(\ell_c)$ This implies that
$\langle \ell_c \rangle_\ell \sim \ell^{2-\kappa_c}$ and thus~:
\begin{align}
\langle N_c \rangle_{\ell} &\sim \ell^{\gamma_{\ell}} \quad \text{with} \label{eq: Nc sim ell gamma_ell}\\
\gamma_{\ell} &= \kappa_c-1 \, , \label{eq: gamma_ell = kappa_c-1}
\end{align}
where we have made use of the equality~\eqref{eq: equality ell_c}.
We perform fits of the relation~\eqref{eq: Nc sim ell gamma_ell} in the right panel of figure~\ref{fig: P(N_c|S) and Nc vs ell} which yield the values of $\gamma_{\ell}$ listed in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}.

\paragraph{\textbf{Conditional distribution $P(g|G)$}}
Finally the right  panel of figure~\ref{fig: P(S_c|S) and P(ell_c|ell)} shows the distribution $P(g|G)$ of gaps $g$ conditioned by the total gap length $G$ of the avalanche they belong to. It also displays a power law, up to $G$, with the same exponent
$\kappa_g=3/2$ as the unconditioned distribution $P(g)$. We use this assumption to derive the scaling relation for the avalanche diameter in the main text.

\begin{figure}
	\begin{adjustwidth}{-1cm}{-1cm}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{P_Of_Nc_Cond_S.jpeg}\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{Nc_vs_ell.jpeg}
	\caption{\textbf{Left :} Probability of $\tilde{n}_{S} = N_c/\langle N_c \rangle_{S}$ conditioned by the avalanche size $S$. The conditional probability has been computed in small intervals centered around $\ell=10^3$, $10^3$, $10^4$ and $10^5$ for $\alpha=0.5$, 0.75, 1 and 1.5 respectively.
	\textbf{Right :} $\langle N_c \rangle_{\ell}$ versus $\ell$. The dashed lines correspond to the fit $\langle N_c \rangle_{\ell} \sim \ell^{\gamma_{\ell}}$ with the values of $\gamma_{\ell}$ given in table~\ref{tab: measurement with errors}.
	\textbf{Inset :} Probability of $\tilde{n}_{\ell} = N_c/\langle N_c \rangle_{\ell}$ conditioned by the avalanche linear size $\ell$. The conditional probability has been computed in small intervals centered around $\ell=10^2$, $10^2$, $10^3$ and $10^4$ for $\alpha=0.5$, 0.75, 1 and 1.5 respectively.
	\label{fig: P(N_c|S) and Nc vs ell}}
	\end{adjustwidth}
\end{figure}

\paragraph{\textbf{Justification for using $P(S)dS = P(N_c)dN_c = P(\ell)d\ell$}}

To derive our scaling relations for $\tau_c$ and $\kappa_c$ we combine our numerical observation that the distribution of $N_c$ is originated by a BGW process with the assumption $P(S)dS=P(N_c)dN_c=P(\ell)d\ell$.
The latter requires that the conditional distributions $P(N_c|S)$ and $P(N_c|\ell)$ are peaked. We verify this condition in figure~\ref{fig: P(N_c|S) and Nc vs ell}.
Our assumption gives the relations~:
\begin{align}
\gamma_{S}&=2(\tau-1) \, , \quad \gamma_{\ell}=2(\kappa-1)\, ,\label{eq: gamma_S = 2 tau - 1}
\end{align}
that we combine with equations~\eqref{eq: tau_c = gamma_s+1} and \eqref{eq: gamma_ell = kappa_c-1} to obtain the scaling relations of the main text~:
\begin{align}
\tau_c &=2\tau-1 \, , \quad  \kappa_c =2\kappa-1 \, .\label{eq: tau_c = 2 tau - 1}
\end{align}

\end{widetext}
\end{document}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


ABBA'S Waterloo is the perfect Eurovision song, according to experts. It contains the ideal combination of seven crucial ingredients to make it the best Eurovision song of all time.
ABBA'S Waterloo is the perfect Eurovision song, according to experts.
It contains the ideal combination of seven crucial ingredients to make it the best Eurovision song of all time.
Dr Harry Witchel, physiologist and music expert at the University of Bristol, came up with the recipe for Eurovision perfection to mark its 50th anniversary.
He has come up with seven crucial elements - pace and rhythm; an easily memorable song; the perfect chorus; key change; a clearly defined finish; dance routine and costume.
The expert put this year's competitors through his criteria and found that Bosnia and Herzegovina had the best chance of winning, with the song Call Me.
British entry Javine was seventh in the list of singers most likely to take the Eurovision crown this weekend.
Celine Dion's Ne Partez Pas Sans Moi, which won the contest in 1988, came second in the list of perfect songs.
Her song was followed by the UK's 1967 entry, Puppet on a String by Sandie Shaw.
Under the system, compiled for the digital broadcaster Music Choice, it was found that the 1980s were the Golden Age of Eurovision, with four winners in the top ten.
Dr Witchel said: "For any music fan it should come as no surprise that Waterloo is the perfect Eurovision song.
"The main thrust of the song, the word Waterloo, is just three syllables long and then there's a lot of space for it to become both memorable and emotionally evocative.
"It's completely different from most other songs in terms of harmonies and rhythm.
"I don't think there will be too many tracks of its quality in the next 50 years of Eurovision."


Fun sports games is one fun thing that nearly all kids can agree upon. Whether it's team sports activities, sports games for kids, kids exercises, or even just talking about sports (scroll down to see our inspirational sports quotes!), there is something for everyone.
UNICEF Kid Power is all about being kids being active, and a big part of being active can include kids sports games and activities. Whether it's a parent, coach, teammate, or a kid, take a look at our list of kids sports resources below!
What are the Most Popular Kids Sports?
Basketball Games for Kids: Every kid dreams of making it to the NBA, and basketball is the most popular kids sport in America.
Rugby Games for Kids: It's a rough sport but plenty of tough primary school kids want to play it!
American Football Games for Kids: The NFL is the most watched sport in America, so it's no wonder why kids love this sport.
Tennis Games for Kids: Tennis is a great solo and team sport if you play with a partner. Your kid will be in Wimbledon in no time!
Running Games for Kids: Running is a great sport for kids to stay in shape. Check out sports games list to make running fun for your kid!
Soccer Games for Kids: There is a reason why soccer is the most watched sport in the world, including kids.
Track and Field Games for Kids: This is an Olympics-style sport that many kids start to pick up on later in elementary school.
Gymnastics Games for Kids: If your kid spends time in the gym, then this is for them!
Volleyball Games for Kids: Playing volleyball is a fun kids sport activity in the gym, your backyard, or even on the beach!
Golf Games for Kids: Though golf is more of an adult sport, everyone needs to start somewhere. Our post will help your kid make golf their favorite sport!
Ping Pong/Table Tennis Games for Kids: Ping pong is a classic sports activity that kids love – in between classes, summer camp, wherever!
Hockey Games for Kids: The NHL is waiting for your kids to take up hockey, so that they can become big NHL stars!
Swimming Games for Kids: Swimming in the pool or the ocean is a fun sports activity – your kid can learn drills and have fun too with our list of swimming recommendations.
Cricket Games for Kids: Cricket is more of a UK and Australian kids sport, but it is becoming a popular American kids' sport as well.
Badminton Games for Kids: You'll need a net for this, but kids love Badminton, as it seems to be one of the most popular summer camp sports out there!
Indoor Bowling Games for Kids: Bowling is a recreational activity for many families, and what could be better than a Sunday with the family going bowling and playing arcades?
Lacrosse Games and Drills for Kids: Lacrosse has recently surged in popularity, so don't be surprised if your kid comes home from school asking to play this sport with his friends.
Figure Skating & Ice Skating Games for Kids: While ice skating is a fun family activity for Sundays, it can be a very competitive kids' sports activity.
Skiing & Snowboarding Games for Kids: When it gets cold outside, your kid will get the adventure bug and will want to experience extreme sports games in the snow.
Judo Training Drills for Kids: Judo and karate is a serious sports activity that many kids take up for after school activities.
Karate Games for Kids: Karate can be fun and educational if done correctly – our guide offers 5 great karate games along with safety guidelines.
Wrestling Drills for Kids: Wrestling is another popular after-school sports activity for kids – make sure they learn how to wrestle properly.
Ten Pin Bowling Learning Drills for Kids: This popular kids sports game can be learned properly so that your kid can be the best ten pin bowler out there!
Kayaking Drills & Activities for Kids: Your kid probably came home from sleep-away camp wanting to go kayaking more! Not to worry, we've got you covered.
Surfing Drills & Activities for Kids: If you live on the coast, your kid probably wants to go surfing with the waves – make sure they learn proper techniques.
Rowing Activities & Drills for Kids: Rowing is a physical sport activity that your kid can definitely learn with proper drills and instruction.
Cheerleading for Kids: Cheerleading games & tryout exercises for your kid to enjoy!
Rock Climbing Games & Activities for Kids: Taking your kid rock climbing can be a lot of fun. Read our guide to learn some great rock climbing games and safety measures as well.
Fishing Games & Activities for Kids: Taking your kid fishing can be fun, especially if you have a few fun and educational fishing games prepared that your kid is sure to love!
Baseball: Obviously it is ideal to start with a foam ball, and make sure there is enough space around the hitter so that they don't accidentally wack anyone!
Balloon Football. Obviously you don't want to play football in your family living room, which is why this safer version of football is the perfect indoor sports activity for kids. This game is easy: simply drop a balloon in the middle of a long rectangle table, and have each team try to blow the football toward the other's side goal. For a funnier, larger than life version of indoor balloon football, check out this must-see video.
Hula Hoop. While most might think that Hula Hoops are a solo activity, you can totally play hula hoop with others as a fun kids indoor sports activity. The most fun team-based activity using a Hula Hoop is racing: Have two kids spinning Hula Hoops and then try to simultaneously move, whether they run, shimmy, or herky-jerky their way to the finish line, and is then declared winner!
Foam Sports: Foam sports are perfect for indoors, since most foam objects won't break any windows inside your home! Take your kid to your local department store, and be sure to pick up a foam basketball, foam football, or even Nerf foam guns. Make sure you ensure boundaries in your home when letting your kid play indoors with foam sports toys.
Many of the outdoor sports activities and games for kids have been covered above in our kids' sports activity section. However, there are certain sports activities which are great for outdoors.
Additionally, outdoor sports activities for kids offer various benefits, including physical and social. The physical benefits of outdoor kids sports such as soccer, skateboarding, hiking, biking, and football include: building muscle, gaining acute flexibility, improving balance and coordination, losing weight, and general endurance.
The social benefits of outdoor sports are extremely obvious and, well, beneficial. Playing sports outdoors with a bunch of kids together can improve general social development, in that kids will learn to interact with each-other naturally but with sports as the main social anchor of the activity. Additionally, social interaction will improve other facets such as leadership, self esteem, and general teamwork through the construct of the sports games themselves.
Ping Pong. Would you believe that ping pong is not only fine to play in the rain but even more fun than when it's dry out?? Playing ping pong in the rain is a really fun activity. Sure, the rain might be a bit distracting, especially if your kid is wearing glasses. However, the ball still travels well, and hits off the paddle quite nicely, even with rain smacking down on it. Additionally, playing in the rain will probably improve hand eye coordination at a higher level so that when the rain stops, your kid will be much better at ping pong!
Football. If the NFL can play in the rain, then why not your kids. To be certain, playing football in the rain is obviously less safe, and should be closely monitored by an adult or referee. However, it is definitely an exhilarating experience to run around in the rain, especially chasing a football thrown in the air. It is recommended to wear cleats so that your shoes maintain good traction on the ground, thereby making it less likely that you will slip.
Swimming. The only trick here is to find an outdoor pool with no roof above it. But if you can, then this is definitely a fun kids sports activity – frolicking around in a pool is fun by itself, but with rain pouring down and causing ripples in the pool can also be exhilarating. Additionally, any kids sports games that usually happen in a pool or much more exciting in the rain: whether its Marco Polo, pool basketball, chicken fights, beach ball monkey in the middle, or just an old school swimming race – all of these kids swimming pool sports games will be a ton of fun!
Indoors. Sometimes, even though the rain can be exciting, might not be worth any risk. If the rain turns from a drizzle into something resembling a downpour, then it is probably best to head indoors for some indoor sports games for your kids to enjoy. Especially if it begins to get windy, or even worse, thunder, at which point you should get indoors immediately!!! But once indoors, you can certainly enjoy a bunch of active kids sports games like playing with Nerf sports toys, hide and seek, or an indoor soft basketball hoop that you can hang on any door.
Basketball is the most popular sport by far! By the time kids reach the age of 9, both boys and girls begin to play basketball and it becomes the most competitive sport, with kids taking up competition and joining local youth leagues and summer camps. At age 9, an impressive 14% of boys and girls are playing competitive basketball in youth leagues. To be clear, it actually didn't start that way. At age 8, the most competitive sport was baseball, with 12.5% of kids playing competitive baseball in youth leagues, with basketball at just 11% and soccer at 10%. Basketball's popularity takes over at age 9, and the by age 10 jumps to 17%, then a staggering of 20% of kids play competitive basketball at age 11, followed by a hair of an increase to 20.1% at age 12, which seems to be the peak. By age 13, competitive basketball among kids begins to drop to 19%, which continued drops each year down to 15% by age 17.
For comparison's sake, at age 17 we see drops for all sports, with baseball, soccer, football, and volleyball all hovering between 4 and 8% for kids (or teenagers at this point) taking up competitive sports. (It is important to distinguish between kids sports games and competitive sports – this survey only studied competitive sports which means official leagues via schools, camps, and programs, but does not include friendly or local sports games without officiating). What is most interesting in terms of the breakdown of most popular kids sports activities is that soccer maintained the most straight line out of all sports, with the least amount of deviations of popularity or lack thereof over the years. At age 6, soccer is played by 7.5%, then peaks at 10% by age 8, then stays at roughly 10% for 4 consecutive years, and then settles in at 6% by the time kids reach age 17. It should be noted that a reason for the drop-off at age 17 is not a lack of interest by kids in sports activities, but rather moving on from high school and to college, in which sports is less of a focus, and is replaced by classrooms, studies, internships, and general job prep.
This is not to say that interest in sports activities such as soccer or basketball dissipate, as this study does not account for recreational sports. There is little doubt that even after a teenager stops playing competitive sports, they are still active in sports games such as intramural basketball and friendly pickup soccer or football games with local kids or classmates.
Now that we've presented to you a huge list of kids sports games and activities to make your kid a better athlete, we want to discuss the importance of sports games. Though it might seem like a normal fun activity, (and your kid having fun is important too), there are very important developmental aspects to your kid playing sports games.
There is tons of evidence out there that simply getting kids together for an activity or game is beneficial for their development. By making this activity a sports activity simply makes it more an active and healthy exercise, as it gets kids outdoors, moving around, and interacting with one another.
A research study from Yale University titled "Organized Activities as Developmental Contexts for Children and Adolescents" discusses the benefits of team-based activities: Research shows that participation in organized activities can have a range of positive influence on children and adolescence.
The most important attribute to instill in kids is to stress the importance of hard work. All of the greatest athletes succeeded because they put in hard work. Talent and opportunity is not enough, and kids need to know this. Kids might find it hard to exert themselves physically, especially if it causes injuries. And of course they should know their limits, which is why parents should be on call and aware of their kids' sports activities.
However, any kid who wants to be great, has to know that the more effort they put in, the more they work, practice, and train, the more likely they are to be better than their peers and become something truly great. Building confidence in kids when they play sports from a young age can have a great effect on their future performance and confidence as well.
How Do Team Sports Help Kids in School?
Beyond the classroom, it is no surprise that sports, and especially team sports offers a multitude of benefits to kids in their life development. Partaking in sports activities with others increases social interaction, forces kids to work together toward a goal, and creates a sense of competition which each kid can tap into later in life in various situations.
Sure, on the surface, sports sounds like a way out of the classroom, but really, kids sports activities will help propel a kid further in and out of the classroom.
In keeping with the theme of the benefits of sports for kids, it is important to understand that teams provide more than just a fun place to hang out with friends and kick or toss a ball around.
Team sports provides an outlet for kids outside of their classrooms and homes. It provides a way for kids to channel their talents, and exert themselves in ways that they otherwise could not have in a classroom or at home.
Furthermore, the idea of team sports for kids presents opportunities for kids to work together toward a common goal, which is usually to win the game.
But regardless of the outcome of a sports game, the real goal is for a kids sports team to develop camaraderie, respect for one another, and to learn about each other.
These skills developed during team sports activities will undoubtedly help these kids in both school and professionally later in life.
Just like adults, sometimes kids need inspiration to succeed in sports. Whether it is a locker room speech from a coach, a pep talk from a parent, or even members of the team talking and motivating one another – the point is that inspiration can come from anywhere.
When it comes to sports trivia questions and answer games, there is no right or wrong. Kids will be happy whether they know or don't know the answers, because it's always a fun, good natured competition, and kids love to impress eachother with their knowledge of sports and trivia answers.
How many championships did Michael Jordan win in the NBA? 6 (1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998).
Who has the most home runs in Major League Baseball history? Barry Bonds – 762.
Who had the most receptions ever in 1 NFL game? Brandon Marshall, with 21 receptions in 2009.
Who has the most hockey goals in a single NHL season? Wayne Gretzky, 92 goals in 1981.
Who had the most rebounds in a single NBA game? Wilt Chamberlain, with 55 rebounds in 1960.
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Nico is located on an elegant stretch of Sacramento Street and feels surprisingly welcoming. Upon entering, one sees the whole interior of the restaurant revealing itself as far away as the kitchen, separated from the main room by a big glass window. I was greeted by two hostesses but later learned that one of them was the co-owner. They made me feel comfortable while I was waiting for my friend to come, and I had a chance to ask questions about the chef and his hard-working team behind the big glass window.
During our dinner, we had a surprise visit—the chef came to greet us and introduced himself. Nico is a young, attractive, and soft-spoken Parisian man who speaks fondly of his restaurant and food creations. He described his cuisine as Modern French, using California ingredients with French techniques to create sophisticated and light dishes. I must add that the food looks and tastes really healthy. I had never been to a French restaurant and eaten so wholesomely without ordering any meat. I went to the web site to find out the name of the dishes we had, but instead I read that the menu is reinvented each night and subject to change. Before you make a reservation, please visit their website to read about their most recent menu. The latest one looks fantastic. I am definitely ready to make another reservation! I had as an appetizer an asparagus dish with sesame dressing. I would like to know how Nico cooks asparagus because they were just perfect—firm and crunchy. My friend Kristen ordered the sardines and was happy with her choice. You can tell from my pictures that the dishes were just gorgeous. My main dish was meatless—a morel mushrooms dish with an egg and chikpeas. My friend ordered the pork. It came in a pretty brown plate, pink in color with similar colors veggies. We didn't order desert, but we ordered a cheese plate and we loved the choices of cheese. The selection was generous in size. We found it pleasurable to watch the kitchen team prepare our dishes behind the big glass window. They seemed to work in a harmonious way, focused and organized. We loved the fact that we didn't feel rushed by our server. She was gracious and prompt and was smiling the whole time. The restaurant is a nice size, but it is quiet and there is enough room between the tables so you don't feel invaded by other people's conversations.
Nico is a little gem in San Francisco. You will be delighted by the inventiveness of this young chef and the beautiful energy of the décor and the staff.


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Watch Peter Criss' Home Performance of 'Don't You Let Me Down'
Peter Criss has released a new video, featuring his at-home performance of "Don't You Let Me Down."
"My friend and a longtime fan Mark stopped by my house to help me out with a few things and while he was here he asked if I would sing for him one of his favorite songs from my 1978 solo record," the original Kiss drummer explained in a message posted along with the video. "So here I am singing live along with my solo record."
Criss went on to note that his friend "wanted to share his exciting moment with all of you other fans and asked if I could post it on my site for you to see. He was so excited he was shaking. Hope you all enjoy it as well. We did. It was fun!!!"
Watch the video of Criss's performance below.
"Don't You Let Me Down" was the first single from Peter Criss, the drummer's debut solo effort and one of four solo albums released by the members of Kiss on September 18, 1978. The song was originally written in 1971 for Criss's previous band, Lips.
Criss would exit Kiss for the first time in 1980, embarking on a solo career which spanned more than a decade. In 1996 he reunited with the band, embarking on the Alive/Worldwide Tour and contributing to one track on 1998's Psycho Circus. He subsequently left and rejoined Kiss a few times in the early 2000s.
The drummer's last solo LP was 2007's One For All, featuring a mix of original songs and covers. Criss has maintained a low profile in recent years, though he did join his former Kiss bandmates for the group's 2014 induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. He retired from touring in 2017, but made a surprise performance alongside Gene Simmons in 2018.
Kiss Lineup Changes: A Complete Guide
Next: Top 10 Peter Criss Kiss Songs
Source: Watch Peter Criss' Home Performance of 'Don't You Let Me Down'
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