text:
SPD's busy day full of odd and notable moments
On 08/10/2021 By Kevin Schofield In budget, legal, police, public safety
Earlier this week SCC Insight previewed all of the important events happening for the Seattle Police Department today. When all was said and done, much more was said than done — but some of what was said was still pretty interesting.
Parking Enforcement Officers
The City Council's discussion this morning of where to transfer the city's Parking Enforcement Officers turned out to be relatively short. Despite being given several extra weeks, the two unions representing the rank-and-file PEOs and the supervisors could not come to agreement on whether they preferred to go to SDOT or to the new Community Safety and Communications Center (CSCC). And now, with the Council facing a self-created deadline of August 31st and only one more Council meeting left in August before the summer recess, the Councilmembers needed to pick one. This morning Councilmember Herbold pushed for moving them to SDOT (the preference of the Mayor's Office as well, thus avoiding a veto that would push the matter past the end of the month), and the other members of her committee quickly fell into line behind that proposal. The ordinance transferring the PEOs to SDOT will now come up for final approval next Monday, August 16th — though there is broad recognition that any expansion of PEO duties beyond their traditional role will require "a lot of bargaining," as Herbold put it: both the unions representing the PEOs and the unions representing any other city employees who might be stripped of the PEOs' new responsibilities (such as traffic management) will have the opportunity to raise it as a topic for collective bargaining.
SPD Staffing and Budget
This morning's meeting ran nearly four hours, with well over a third devoted to a review of SPD's quarterly staffing and budget report. And as expected whenever the Council takes up SPD's budget, there were some frosty moments.
With attrition running very high, SPD now projects over $15 million of salary savings in 2021. That, of course, has both the Council and SPD salivating over how that money could be repurposed. SPD put forth its own proposal for how it would like to spend nearly all of the money, a multi-part plan covering several departmental needs including:
costs associated with the high attrition, including separation pay;
filling some civilian positions in SPD that were left open during the pandemic but that could help ease the administrative burden of the increasingly scarce and overtaxed sworn officers;
some technology investments, including finishing deployment of a new scheduling and timekeeping system that has been in the works for over five years (SPD still tracks overtime on paper forms);
additional budget for overtime to cover events such as Seahawks games, since with the early arrival of vaccines the reopening of Seattle has led to the return of sports and events earlie than originally budgeted for;
potential COVID-related compensation adjustments for employees required to work during the pandemic;
three new civilian community safety investments: the new Triage One unit, a new 911 dispatch system that will more easily allow third-parties to participate; and funding for the regional Peacekeepers gun violence prevention program.
Parts of this, most notably the open civilian staff positions in the department, SPD already has authority to use some of the salary savings to fund. But anything requiring moving money to other budget line-items, such as the technology investments, requires Council actions. In addition, there are several provisos that the Council placed on SPD's salary budget that currently restrict SPD from spending the full $15 million with the council's prior approval.
The Councilmembers carried out their oversight duties today in drilling down on these items and asking detailed questions of SPD representatives to understand the department's budget requests. Councilmembers Herbold and Mosqueda are preparing an amendment for the mid-year 2021 supplemental budget ordinance, currently pending in Mosqueda's committee, to be considered next week and that would incorporate some (but probably not all) of SPD's requests.
But in the hour and a half it took them to get there, two surprising things happened. First, Councilmember Herbold voiced a sentiment that SPD officers have been waiting over a year to hear:
"I want to take this moment to thank those who are remaining and committed to law enforcement public service in Seattle and hope folks who want to continue in serving in this role as a public servant consider continuing to do so. Really appreciative that you are expressing your commitment to the city and to this community by staying with us. Thank you."
Councilmembers Pedersen and Lewis lent their own voices in support of Herbold's words. You can watch it here; jump to 2:45:30.
And then Council President Gonzalez, in the second big surprise of the session, took the conversation dramatically in the opposite direction (2:50:40 on the video). She teed up a line of questioning apparently intended to lay the blame for SPD's high attrition back on the department itself by accusing it of inattention to retention strategies. Her first attempt was a jumbled mess as Gonzalez repeatedly confused "recruitment" with "retention" in a question to Dr. Chris Fisher, SPD's Executive Director of Strategic Initiatives:
"When we hear about SPD's staffing issues and when SPD talks about staffing issues to the media, what we continue to hear is ringing of the alarm bells around hiring, and what we don't necessarily hear about is the recruitment aspects of SPD's management responsibilities. And so knowing that SPD's hiring plan is fully funded for 2021, I am not hearing a lot of strategies from SPD about the recruitment pieces of this conversation. And I think that is both unfortunate and a missed opportunity to have a conversation about recruitment. Because that's really where I'm seeing these numbers tell a story — is about how are we addressing things like current officer wellness and well-being, how are we addressing how we are addressing staffing issues, i.e. transfers from positions that are more favorable to positions that officer don't necessarily want to be doing, and addressing shift issues as well. I don't see anything in this presentation, and maybe we're going to get to it a little bit later, about recruitment, not recruitment but retention strategies that address where I see the most significant concerns existing, which is around separations. And so I would like to hear from Dr. Fisher or anyone else from SPD on the line about what specific strategies is the agency pursuing to address the issue of retention of existing and new officers in light of these numbers related to separations."
When Fisher understandably tried to speak to both recruitment and retention, Gonzalez jumped down his throat, doubling down on her accusation that SPD is at fault for low officer retention:
"I am focusing in on retention, which is where I see the issue. I think these numbers tell a story about how SPD has significant room for improvement, management of SPD has significant room for improvement for retaining the new officers and existing officers that have been hired or have continued to be an officer at SPD."
Fisher gave a long, at times emotional, response:
"When we talk to folks some of the things we could do is what happened about 10 minutes ago, which I don't think happened in a year, which is hearing from a broad selection of the city that they want folks to stay here. They've heard it from the chief, they've heard it at times from the community, from the press, but I think this is the first time in a while that they've heard it from a broad section of electeds. Sorry, I'm getting a little emotional, because a lot of these people I've built relationships with, and I know how much it hurt them. I'm not out there on the front line getting yelled at, it's a place of privilege I have, is to sit in an office, But I know how much it hurt them to fell that they were the younger ones being told they might get laid off, and I think that was a message that maybe this wasn't the place to be a police officer. And I think today I appreciate so much of everyone who spoke up. I think that means a lot. I do not think this is personal. I understand politics and how things get wrapped up, but I can't pretend that it didn't factor into a lot of their decisions and I don't know, the Chief has done as much as I think he can do to support and show that he cares about them, that he recognizes their good work, and I think there are other administrative things scheduled and other things that help people want to stay, but so many of these folks came to serve and to help their community and I think they just want to feel that people see that. I don't think that any of them think that people don't make mistakes or do horrible things, and those people should be held accountable, but most of them don't ever do those things and I think that they just want to feel that their service is recognized."
"In terms of strategies, we have talked with the executive about ways to get people to stay that we see other departments do. Some of these have fiscal costs, some would probably have to be negotiated, lots of places help cover tuition for classes for people to get advanced degrees. They help pay for gym memberships. There are all sorts of those sort of benefits that aren't extra salary but help people show that they're investing in you. They want you to professionally develop. They want you to take advantage of all the training you can have access to. And so those are things we've talked about. I think finding ways to fund them, finding ways to legally do them with the setups we have both from contracts and Washington and Seattle law — I'm not a lawyer so I'm not going to try to get into that — so we're very aware, how do we make it so it's the best place to work for the people who want to do the work. But what we've seen from borrowing from corporate culture is that people who are here need to want to be here to both attract new talent and to want to get people to stay. And no doubt, and Chief Diaz would be the first to say it, some of this is on command. We hear from officers all the time they want to see command more, they want to feel supported by command, they need their supervisor to be better. We're doing a lot in our HR unit with an amazing employee who's really focusing on instilling a culture of an outward mindset and a change mindset so people can really understand how to grow and collaborate with each other and be open to change, and see opportunities to better themselves while they also are bettering the department. There's a lot going on that I think if we need to package it up we can package it up, but I think the department is trying to do what it has the ability to do and has also raised these other ideas that I think just get more complicated, and we need to have those conversations about 'Can we uncomplicate them?'"
Gonzalez wasn't buying it, and pushed back hard (once again confusing recruitment with retention).
"So I didn't hear an answer to my question, and I'm really disappointed about that. What I heard is a lot of language, again, on the hiring side, and I'm not interested in politics. I'm interested in actual policy solutions, because that's my job. So I would like to get an understanding from command staff, what specific things, strategies, investments, interventions, other recommendations, are being advanced to address the reality of recruitment? I'm sorry, retention. Retention. That's really what I think the issue is here. Because we have fully funded y'all to do the hiring that you need to do. And where I'm seeing that there continues to be a significant concern, and I think this is on management, is how do we retain officers that we have spent time hiring that the department has funded and green-lit to be able to move forward with those hiring processes. And so I'm not hearing about what the chief and command staff are doing as it relates to actually retaining those individuals. And there will be issues that I suspect will need to be addressed via the bargaining, and we are already in the midst of doing those particular operational fixes, but I think that what I understand from the interdepartmental work that you referenced Dr. Fisher, which my office participated in and so did Council central staff, is that a lot of those recommendations have been left on the table, particularly last year, because of COVID and because of the reality of needing to move forward. So I feel that we have not, and by 'we' I mean the executive, has not spent enough time addressing, specifically, the strategies related to how SPD's management is addressing the retention issues related to SPD."
Fisher tried again.
"I'll take another stab at it. Chief Best kicked off and Chief Diaz has pushed forward on growing our wellness initiative, and recognizing that all the supports we can give to officers to promote physical and mental wellness, are essential to showing people their value. We have been engaging this innovation blueprint with Accenture to figure out from hiring, to technology, to retention, to professional development, to culture, to community engagement, what are all the best practices that Accenture, with their broad view of policing and public service agencies across the world, have learned, and they've brought those to us and we're constructing that blueprint. We are investing where we can in facilities; the department has tried that in the past and has been told 'no.' So again it often comes back to, we can speak about things but sometimes things involve investments, and we here in this package that we may or may not get to, have some ideas about where we can start to do that work. The new [early intervention system] is sort of reshaping the science around trying to count how many bad things might predict a really bad thing and be more of a supportive early awareness system that is focused on quality and support and supervision to make sure that officers are the best they have. When we talk to officers directly, what we hear is they want to know that the department cares about them and the city cares about them. For many of them, they would say more money helps, but if it was all about the paycheck there are other things they could be doing that would make just as much with a lot less time away from family. They want to know that people are investing in them, investing in the department, that they are appreciated, and that they have… they've signed on, most of them, for a 25 to 30 year commitment, and they want some assurance that that is going to be honored. That's what we hear from them. That's what the IDT team heard. We're doing the 4-10 schedule, which is what we have consistently heard. If there are other things in that IDT or in the I-team recommendations that resonated with folks that have not been done, we could shake it off again, but when that was first done we were not losing a ton of folks, we didn't have anywhere near the level we lost. And so I think we may have also seen a change in what the issue was from 2018 to 2020, so we probably need to re-look at that in another light."
Herbold cut off the argument there.
This was a brazen act of political deflection by Gonzalez: for declaring "I'm not interested in politics," an obvious lie for the candidate for Mayor as she performatively tried to score political points with her base by attacking SPD; but by denying the obvious, widely-known fact detailed in SPD officers' exit interviews that many officers left because (rightly or wrongly) they didn't feel supported by City Hall, and in particular by the City Council. Her colleagues Herbold, Lewis and Pedersen knew that well enough to go out of their way just a few minutes earlier to thank SPD officers; but Gonzalez was having none of that.
SPD's recruitment and retention programs were of considerably less concern to Gonzalez last summer when she co-sponsored a budget amendment to cut $800,000 from SPD's recruitment and retention budget.
It was good to see the City Council thoroughly interrogate SPD's budget requests this morning, as is proper for its oversight role. It was infuriating to see Gonzalez take cheap shots at SPD management while denying her own contributing role, as President of the City Council, in SPD's high attrition. There are plenty of existing reasons to criticize SPD command staff; there's no need to invent new ones.
Consent Decree Hearing
For 90 minutes this afternoon, U.S. District Judge James Robart held a status conference on the ongoing and often stalled 2012 consent decree related to SPD's biased policing practices. It was at times wistful, other times frustrating, though there were also moments of hope for a path forward.
Deputy U.S. Attorney Christine Fogg, representing the Department of Justice (the nominal plaintiff), reassured Judge Robart that the DOJ continues to be engaged in sticking with the consent decree process, perhaps even more so under the Biden Administration than its predecessor (though she didn't admit to that).
City Attorney Pete Holmes, who introduced himself as "the current elected City Attorney" (a reference to his concession of defeat last week in his bid to get re-elected), noted that he and Robart are the only two of the original signators to the 2012 consent decree still in the same positions, though as of January 1st Robart will be the last man standing. Holmes noted progress by SPD on several fronts, as well as the efforts of the OPA, OIG and CPC to respond to the events of last summer. He gave a brief update on ongoing efforts to address accountability concerns raised by Robart since he ruled that the city was out of compliance in 2019. He also provided a status update on contract negotiations: bargaining with SPMA, the union representing SPD supervisors, is "quite far along" with mediation underway for some issues; while SPOG negotiations haven't officially begun, the city's Labor Relations Policy Committee is close to finalizing bargaining parameters, an essential precursor to convening at the bargaining table.
Holmes concluded with a bit of a curtain call, noting that the SPOG negotiations will be conducted largely under a new Mayor, the fifth one since the consent decree was signed. That, he said, "highlights the city's struggles with continuity in leadership." He also observed that it will be the fourth SPOG president, and the city will also need to conduct a search for a new police chief. Holmes also made known his views on the role of police, saying that we need "guardians, not warriors" and taking pains to point out that he never joined a call to defund the police. He wrapped up by pointing to the need to address the wealth gap, the state's regressive revenue structure, and Washington's #47 ranking in mental health resources. "They play out in the same way that global warming creates wildfires," he said. And yet he ended on a positive note: "I am optimistic that we will re-imagine the police under new leadership."
Robart asked Holmes how he responds to criticism that the court, police monitor, and accountability partners have not been severe enough on the police; in response, Holmes asserted that such a response is inherent in any system of decision-making and adjudication. The real question, he said, was whether the system is fair. Holmes said that he believes that SPD officers are coming to understand that the OPA investigation process is thorough, and that the Adley Shepherd case has taught them that termination decisions will not be overturned.
The CPC, who last week requested that Robart order the court-appointed police monitor to get more involved in both SPOG contract negotiations and OPA investigations, trotted out their new attorney, Edgar Sargent, to represent them — and Robart wasted little time in eviscerating him. The judge quite literally gave him a "you're new here; let me explain to you how things work around these parts" lecture. He laid out the court's primary authority in saying whether the parties in the case are doing what they said they would do under the consent decree that they signed, and the limits on his authority to tell the parties what to do — or how to run SPD. But he went much further, in perhaps his most extensive comments in nine years on the CPC, noting that the consent decree specifically says that the CPC will not try to influence the outcome of specific misconduct cases, and will not have access to confidential information. He also pointed out that the city's 2017 accountability ordinance "extinguished the CPC's role in the consent decree and codified it" in city law. Robart said that he has been giving the CPC, OPA and OIG opportunities to speak as a courtesy, but the CPC essentially has no standing to try to stake out a larger role for itself through the court — nor will he entertain its demands to expand the police monitor's role. "I'm not going to impose the monitor on people doing their job in the belief that he will be able to do something better," Robart said. It was a humiliating exchange for Sargent, and a devastating day for the CPC who not only didn't get anything they asked for but was significantly undercut by the court.
The court-appointed police monitor, Dr. Antonio Oftelie, who is still fairly new to the job, verbally presented the semi-annual report he submitted last week. He was remarkably complimentary of SPD's efforts over the past year — far more so than his predecessor would have been — but in line with Oftelie's approach, crafted for the moment we are in, of trying to bring the parties together to find a path through the wilderness. He committed to finishing a rigorous review of SPD's current compliance with the consent decree by the end of the year; in a back-and-forth with Robart, he confirmed that while many of the ten focus areas of the consent decree likely remain in compliance, two (use of force and crowd control) are now back on the table, and police accountability remains in question. That completed compliance review will become the baseline for a new plan for how the city will come back into compliance with the consent decree. Oftelie praised some of the new innovations being considered by SPD, such as the new early intervention system, though he cautioned that new alternatives to policing will still need to verify that they they are constitutional and bias-free, i.e. creating new organizations outside of SPD to take over SPD functions does not exempt them from the requirements of the consent decree.
Oftelie concluded by warning that SPD's progress cannot be sustained without the necessary budget and personnel, and predicted that the actions of the city will "either tip it into a deeper crisis or help to lift it out." He observed that the critical staffing shortage currently means that SPD can no long activate its micro-community policing plans, since all available officers are on patrol and emergency response. By his estimate, SPD would need another 160 officers to fully support community policing.
That left Judge Robart to have the final word. He began by saying, "It is not my intention to come down hard on the CPC," but noted the recent turmoil in that organization and its tendency to try to reinvent itself at regular intervals and "take on things that are beyond its grasp." He said that he finds it difficult to accept that the police monitor owes a special duty to the CPC, and that while it is a commission of the city, it is not a party to the consent decree.
Robart also said that when he gathers with other district court judges overseeing police consent decrees, he tells them, "this is the only case on my docket with two parties and nine points of view."
The judge mentioned that he found it interesting that the police monitor's report included sections penned by other bodies, including the Mayor, a significant departure from the approach of the previous monitor.
He then said that he was not surprised recently to open the newspaper and read the op-ed from former SPD chief Carmen Best, in which she asks "where is Seattle's plan to address safety?" Robart said that it was not his role "to engage in an analysis of politics," and yet he too asked: where is the plan? Robart noted the big changes underway: elections for Mayor, City Attorney ("candidates from left and right"), City Council; collective bargaining underway; a police department budget "threatened with abolition and different levels of cuts"; and a Mayor who doesn't want to tie the hands of the next mayor and thus is postponing significant decisions — including hiring a new permanent police chief.
Robart said that it is not his job to tell the parties what to do, but ironically then offered several suggestions:
The city, Mayor, and City Council "need to be constructive, not destructive to progress."
There has been too much "knee-jerk reaction."
The city needs to continue to reduce biases in policing.
"Public safety is an imperative for all residents. There is an essential requirement for public safety."
The city needs to "develop a role for SPOG" to advance the progress.
Robart concluded by saying that he is delighted by the innovation he is seeing, and by community groups who are attempting to transform the criminal justice system. He said that the city needs to encourage and scale up the new and developing programs including the ongoing transformation of 911 and the Health One program, while at the same time also improving SPD. "If we were to do that, we would have better inclusion, and a better city, and you would be able to get rid of me."
And with that, Robart recessed the hearing.
I hope you found this article valuable. If you did, please take a moment to make a contribution to support my ongoing work. Thanks!
Tuesday news roundup
Wednesday news roundup
Thanks Kevin for the great summary of the meetings yesterday and sparing many of us the torture of sitting through them ourselves. Really disappointed to see Council President Gonzales continue the spin that the council's action had no bearing on officer attrition because they "fully funded" them for 2021. She is clearly gaslighting voters and continuing the council's terrible habit of avoiding accountability for their rushed and incomplete solutions to the problems facing Seattle. It really speaks to what kind of Mayor she will be and I can only hope Bruce Harrell amplifies her role in the fiasco public safety has become as it will surely be a deciding issue for many voters in November.
Ballardite says:
Are Andrew lewis and Lisa herbold still endorsing Gonzalez? I'm waiting for them to rescind their endorsements – our city will never have the police we want with Lorena's bullheadedness and continued inability to admit she has done wrong here.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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This entry was posted in Uncategorized on August 12, 2013 by eCraft.
Saw the eCraft 20 at the Newport Boat Show and was very impressed.
Looking forward to a test cruise soon.


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\section{Constraint of $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry on $\Gamma$ matrices}
A general $4\times 4$ Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}(\mathbf{k})$ can always be expanded by sixteen linearly independent $4\times 4$ Hermitian matrices as
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{H}(\mathbf{k})=\sum_{i,j=0,x,y,z}d_{ij}(\mathbf{k})\tau_{i}\otimes\sigma_{j},\tag{S1}
\end{equation}
where $\tau_{i}$ and $\sigma_{j}$ are Pauli matrices, and $\tau_{0}$ and $\sigma_{0}$ are $2\times 2$ identity matrices. The $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry requires that
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{PT}\mathcal{H}(\mathbf{k})(\mathcal{PT})^{-1}=\mathcal{H}(\mathbf{k}),\tag{S2}
\end{equation}
which leads to
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{PT}(\tau_{i}\otimes\sigma_{j})(\mathcal{PT})^{-1}=\tau_{i}\otimes\sigma_{j}.\tag{S3}
\end{equation}
By inserting the explicit form of the $\mathcal{PT}$ operator $\tau_{z}\otimes i\sigma_{y}K$ ($K$ denotes the complex conjugate) of the main text into the above equation, we obtain that only the identity matrix $\mathbb{I}_{4\times 4}$ and the following five $4\times 4$ Hermitian matrices
\begin{equation}
\tau_{x}\otimes\sigma_{x},\tau_{x}\otimes\sigma_{y},\tau_{y}\otimes \sigma_{0}, \tau_{z}\otimes \sigma_{0},\tau_{x}\otimes\sigma_{z}\tag{S4}
\end{equation}
are allowed by $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry. These five matrices anticommute with each other and exactly correspond to the five Dirac matrices $\Gamma^{i=1,2,3,4,5}$ in the main text.
\section{Derivation of the pseudospin Chern number}
In this section, we present the detailed calculation of the pseudospin Chern number. We begin by rewriting the total effective Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}(\mathbf{k})$ of the continuum model in the main text in the ordered basis of ($|P1^{+}_{z},\uparrow\rangle$, $|P1^{+}_{z},\downarrow\rangle$, $|P2^{-}_{z},\uparrow\rangle$, $|P2^{-}_{z},\downarrow\rangle$) as
\begin{equation}
\label{continuumH}
\begin{split}
\mathcal{H}(\mathbf{k})=&\tau_{x}(A_{2}k_{y}\sigma_{x}-A_{2}k_{x}\sigma_{y}+m_{5}\sigma_{z})\\
&+A_{1}k_{z}\tau_{y}+M(\mathbf{k})\tau_{z},
\end{split}\tag{S5}
\end{equation}
where the constant energy term has been dropped, $M(\mathbf{k})=M+B_{1}k_{z}^{2}+B_{2}k_{\parallel}^{2}$ with $k_{\parallel}=\sqrt{k_{x}^{2}+k_{y}^{2}}$, and the Pauli matrices $\tau_{i}$ and $\sigma_{i}$ with $i=x,y,z$, act in the orbital and spin subspaces, respectively. For simplicity and without loss of generality, $A_{1}$, $A_{2}$, $B_{1}$, $B_{2}$, and $m_{5}$, are assumed to be positive. The energy spectrum is then easily obtained as
\begin{equation}
\label{spectrum}
E_{\mathrm{c}/\mathrm{v}}(\mathbf{k})=\pm\sqrt{A_{2}^{2}k_{\parallel}^{2}+A_{1}^2k_{z}^{2}+M(\mathbf{k})^{2}+m_{5}^{2}},\tag{S6}
\end{equation}
where c (v) stands for the doubly-degenerate conduction (valence) bands. Note that the band gap remains open regardless of the value of $m_{5}$. For simplicity, we will first calculate the pseudospin Chern number in the absence of $m_{5}$ term which applies to the three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator, and then we will show that the results remain unchanged in the presence of $m_{5}$ term, since it cannot close the pseudospin spectrum gap, which is required to change the pseudospin Chern number.

The definition of pseudospin Chern number stems from a smooth decomposition of the occupied valence bands into two sectors through projecting a properly chosen pseudospin operator onto them as $P_{v}\hat{S}P_{v}$ with $P_{v}$ being the projection operator. Without $m_{5}$, the wavefunctions of the valence bands of Eq. (\ref{continuumH}) can be written as a direct product \cite{Li2010Chern, Yang2011}

\begin{equation}
\label{wave}
\psi_{\pm}(\mathbf{k})=\chi_{\pm}(\mathbf{k})\otimes\phi_{\pm}(\mathbf{k}),\tag{S7}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
\label{wavefunction}
\begin{split}
\phi_{\pm}(\mathbf{k})=&\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\big[1,\ \mp i e^{i\theta_{k}}\big]^{\mathrm{T}}, \\
\chi_{\pm}(\mathbf{k})=&\Big[\sin\frac{\alpha_{k}}{2},\mp e^{\pm i\beta_{k}}\cos\frac{\alpha_{k}}{2}\Big]^{\mathrm{T}},
\end{split}\tag{S8}
\end{equation}
are two-component wavefunctions in the spin and orbital subspaces, respectively. Here,
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
e^{i\theta_{k}}=&\frac{k_{x}+ik_{y}}{k_{\parallel}},\\
\alpha_{k}=&\arccos\frac{M(\mathbf{k})}{E(\mathbf{k})},\\
e^{i\beta_{k}}=&\frac{A_{2}k_{\parallel}+iA_{1}k_{z}}{\sqrt{ A_{2}^{2}k_{\parallel}^{2} +A_{1}^{2}k_{z}^{2}}},
\end{split}\tag{S9}
\end{equation}
where $E(\mathbf{k})=\sqrt{ A_{2}^{2}k_{\parallel}^{2} +A_{1}^{2}k_{z}^{2}+M(\mathbf{k})^{2}}$.

Based on the fact that the pseudospin Chern number can only be defined in a two-dimensional (2D) system, we can treat one of the three momenta $k_{x}, k_{y}$, and $k_{z}$ as a parameter to reduce the noninteracting 3D system into a collection of decoupled 2D slices.

\subsection{$k_{z}$-dependent pseudospin Chern number}

First we consider $k_{z}$ as a parameter, and the pseudospin operator can be constructed by inspecting the time-reversal-invariant $k_{z}=0$ plane as follows. It should be emphasized that TRS is not a must here, since the pseudospin Chern number remains intact regardless of TRS \cite{Yang2011}. The intention of including TRS here is to simplify the process of looking for a proper pseudospin operator.  When $k_{z}=0$, via a basis transformation through the unitary matrix
\begin{equation}
U_{z}=\left(
        \begin{array}{cccc}
          1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
          0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\
          0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
          0 & 0 & -1 & 0 \\
        \end{array}
      \right),\tag{S10}
\end{equation}
the Hamiltonian can be block-diagonalized as
\begin{equation}
\label{BHZ}
U_{z}\mathcal{H}(k_{z}=0)U_{z}^{\dagger}=\left(
                        \begin{array}{cc}
                          h_{z}(\mathrm{\mathbf{k}}) & 0 \\
                          0 & h_{z}(-\mathrm{\mathbf{k}})^{*} \\
                        \end{array}
                      \right),\tag{S11}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
h_{z}(\mathbf{\mathbf{k}})=(M+B_{2}k_{\parallel}^{2})\sigma_{z}+A_{2}k_{y}\sigma_{x}-A_{2}k_{x}\sigma_{y},\tag{S12}
\end{equation}
and $h_{z}(-\mathbf{k})^{*}$ is connected to $h_{z}(\mathbf{k})$ by TRS. The Hamiltonian in Eq. (\ref{BHZ}) resembles the celebrated Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang (BHZ) model \cite{bernevig2006quantum} for quantum spin Hall effect with opposite Chern numbers for $h_{z}(\mathbf{k})$ and $h_{z}(-\mathbf{k})^{*}$, respectively, in the inverted-band regime ($M/B_{2}<0$). Consequently, we can naturally define a pseudospin operator in the above transformed basis as $\tau_{z}$ (If $-\tau_{z}$ is used here, then the result of the pseudospin Chern number will be reversed). In the original basis, it is represented as
\begin{equation}
\hat{S}=U_{z}^{\dagger}\tau_{z}U_{z}=\tau_{z}\sigma_{z}.\tag{S13}
\end{equation}

By projecting $\hat{S}$ to the valence bands subspace on the $|\psi_{+}\rangle$, $|\psi_{-}\rangle$ basis, we get
\begin{equation}
P_{\mathrm{v}}\hat{S}P_{\mathrm{v}}=\left(
                                      \begin{array}{cc}
                                        \langle\psi_{+}|\hat{S}|\psi_{+}\rangle & \langle\psi_{+}|\hat{S}|\psi_{-}\rangle  \\
                                        \langle\psi_{-}|\hat{S}|\psi_{+}\rangle  & \langle\psi_{-}|\hat{S}|\psi_{-}\rangle  \\
                                      \end{array}
                                    \right)=\left(
                                              \begin{array}{cc}
                                                0 & t_{k} \\
                                                t_{k}^{*} & 0 \\
                                              \end{array}
                                            \right),\tag{S14}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
t_{k}=e^{-2i\beta_{k}}\cos^{2}\frac{\alpha_{k}}{2}+\sin^{2}\frac{\alpha_{k}}{2}.\tag{S15}
\end{equation}
The pseudospin spectrum can then be obtained as
\begin{equation}
\epsilon_{S\pm}(\mathbf{k})=\pm |t_{k}|,\tag{S16}
\end{equation}
with corresponding eigenstates
\begin{equation}
\varphi^{S}_{\pm}(\mathbf{k})=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Big[\psi_{+}(\mathbf{k})\pm \frac{t_{k}^{*}}{|t_{k}|} \psi_{-}(\mathbf{k})\Big].\tag{S17}
\end{equation}
When the pseudospin is conserved (e.g., when $k_{z}=0$), the pseudospin spectrum always equals $\pm1$, as it should be. However, when the pseudospin conservation is broken (e.g., when $k_{z}\neq0$), the pseudospin spectrum will generally deviate from $\pm1$, leading to the formation of two islands around $+1$ and $-1$, respectively, with a gap separating them. As long as the pseudospin gap exists in the whole $k_{x}$-$k_{y}$ slice, a usual Chern number can be defined for each branch~\cite{Li2010Chern}
\begin{equation}
\label{spin Chern}
C_{\pm}^{S}(k_{z})=\frac{1}{2\pi}\int d^{2}k\Omega_{\pm}^{xy}(k_{z}),\tag{S18}
\end{equation}
where $\Omega_{\pm}^{xy}(k_{z})=i\mathbf{\hat{e}_{z}}\cdot[\nabla_{k}\times\langle\varphi_{\pm}^{S}|\nabla_{k}|\varphi_{\pm}^{S}\rangle]$ is the Berry curvature in the $k_{x}$-$k_{y}$ plane at a fixed $k_{z}$ value. The pseudospin Chern number is defined as $C^{S}=(C_{+}^{S}-C_{-}^{S})/2$.

Before the detailed calculation of $C^{S}(k_{z})$, we look for the gap-closing conditions for the pseudospin spectrum, since the change of $C^{S}$ requires a gap closing-and-reopening process. The pseudospin spectrum gap closes when $t_{k}=0$, leading to
\begin{equation}
(\alpha_{k},\beta_{k})=\Big(\frac{\pi}{2},\frac{\pi}{2}\Big)\ \mathrm{or} \ \Big(\frac{\pi}{2},\frac{3\pi}{2}\Big),\tag{S19}
\end{equation}
which are satisfied at $(k_{x},k_{y},k_{z})=(0,0,\pm k_{zc})$, with $k_{zc}=\sqrt{-M/B_{1}}$. By expressing the Berry curvature in the polar coordinate in the $k_{x}$-$k_{y}$ plane, the Berry curvature can be simplified as~\cite{Li2010Chern}
\begin{equation}
\Omega_{\pm}(k_{z})=\frac{1}{2k_\parallel}\frac{\partial}{\partial k_\parallel}P_{\pm}(k_{\parallel},k_{z}),\tag{S20}
\end{equation}
where $P_{\pm}(k_{\parallel},k_{z})$ is given by
\begin{equation}
P_{\pm}(k_\parallel,k_{z})=2i\langle\varphi_{\pm}^{S}|\frac{\partial}{\partial\theta_{k}}|\varphi_{\pm}^{S}\rangle.\tag{S21}
\end{equation}
The $k_{z}$-dependent Chern number for each pseudospin sector can then be derived as
\begin{equation}
\label{Csz}
\begin{split}
C^{S}_{\pm}(k_{z})=&\frac{1}{2}[P_{\pm}(\infty,k_{z})-P_{\pm}(0,k_{z})]\\
=&\frac{1}{2}\Big[\big(-1\mp \mathrm{sgn}(B_{2})\big)-\big(-1\mp \mathrm{sgn}(M+B_{1}k_{z}^{2})\big)\Big]\\
=&\pm\frac{1}{2}\big[-\mathrm{sgn}(B_{2})+\mathrm{sgn}(M+B_{1}k_{z}^{2})\big].
\end{split}\tag{S22}
\end{equation}
Since $B_{1}$ and $B_{2}$ are positive, and $M$ is negative for the inverted band structure in our model, the above expression leads to
\begin{equation}
C^{S}(k_{z})=\frac{C_{+}^{S}-C_{-}^{S}}{2}=\left\{
                     \begin{array}{ll}
                       -1, & \hbox{$|k_{z}|<\sqrt{-M/B_{1}}$;} \\
                       0, & \hbox{$|k_{z}|>\sqrt{-M/B_{1}}$.}
                     \end{array}
                   \right.\tag{S23}
\end{equation}
Note that if $M>0$ (band structure in the normal order), $C^{S}(k_{z})$ always equals zero. Furthermore, as expected, the boundaries between distinct regions of $C^{S}(k_{z})$ are consistent with the gap closing conditions of the pseudospin spectrum at $k_{z}=\pm\sqrt{-M/B_{1}}$. In addition, the total Chern number of the valence bands is given by
\begin{equation}
C(k_{z})=C_{+}^{S}(k_{z})+C_{-}^{S}(k_{z})=0.\tag{S24}
\end{equation}

Now we consider the effect of the AFM $m_{5}$ term on the pseudospin spectrum. With this term, the wavefunction in Eq. (\ref{wavefunction}) becomes
\begin{equation}
\label{wavefunction2}
\begin{split}
\phi_{+}(\mathbf{k})=&\Big[\cos\frac{\eta_{k}}{2}, -ie^{i\theta_{k}}\sin\frac{\eta_{k}}{2}\Big]^{\mathrm{T}}, \\
\phi_{-}(\mathbf{k})=&\Big[\sin\frac{\eta_{k}}{2}, ie^{i\theta_{k}}\cos\frac{\eta_{k}}{2}\Big]^{\mathrm{T}}, \\
\chi_{\pm}(\mathbf{k})=&\Big[\sin\frac{\alpha_{k}'}{2},\mp e^{\pm i\beta_{k}'}\cos\frac{\alpha_{k}'}{2}\Big]^{\mathrm{T}},
\end{split}\tag{S25}
\end{equation}
with
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
\eta_{k}=&\arccos\frac{m_{5}}{\sqrt{A_{2}^{2}k_{\parallel}^{2}+m_{5}^{2}}},\\
\alpha_{k}'=&\arccos\frac{M(\mathbf{k})}{\sqrt{A_{2}^{2}k_{\parallel}^{2}+A_{1}^2k_{z}^{2}+M(\mathbf{k})^{2}+m_{5}^{2}}},\\
e^{i\beta_{k}'}=&\frac{\sqrt{A_{2}^{2}k_{\parallel}^{2}+m_{5}^{2}}+iA_{1}k_{z}}{\sqrt{A_{2}^{2}k_{\parallel}^{2}+A_{1}^2k_{z}^{2}+M(\mathbf{k})^{2}+m_{5}^{2}}}.
\end{split}\tag{S26}
\end{equation}
After some algebra, the pseudospin operator can be derived as
\begin{equation}
P_{\mathrm{v}}\hat{S}P_{\mathrm{v}}=\left(
                                             \begin{array}{cc}
                                                -\cos(\eta_{k})\cos(\alpha_{k}') & e^{-i\beta_{k}'}\sin(\eta_{k})b_{k} \\
                                                e^{i\beta_{k}'}\sin(\eta_{k})b_{k}^{*} &\cos(\eta_{k})\cos(\alpha_{k}') \\
                                              \end{array}
                                            \right),\tag{S27}
\end{equation}
where $b_{k}=\cos\beta_{k}'-i\cos(\alpha_{k}')\sin(\beta_{k}')$. It is found that in the presence of $m_{5}$ the pseudospin spectrum get modified, but the gap is still closed in the $k_{z}=\pm \sqrt{-M/B_{1}}$ slices at $(k_{x},k_{y})=(0,0)$ and remains open for other $k_{z}$ slices. Consequently, according to the adiabatic continuity argument, the pseudospin Chern number $C^{S}_\pm(k_{z})$ keeps the same as that in the absence of $m_{5}$ term obtained above. Nevertheless, we have also carried out the detailed calculation as in Eq. (\ref{Csz}), which leads to the same expression $C^{S}(k_{z})=(1/2)\big[-\mathrm{sgn}(B_{2})+\mathrm{sgn}(M+B_{1}k_{z}^{2})\big]$ as expected.

\subsection{$k_{x (\mathrm{or}\ y)}$-dependent pseudospin Chern number}
Then we investigate the $k_{x}$- and $k_{y}$- dependent pseudospin Chern numbers $C^{S}(k_{x})$ and $C^{S}(k_{y})$ by treating $k_{x}$ and $k_{y}$ as parameters, respectively.

Similar to the above analysis, by inspecting the $k_{x}=0$ plane, the transformation matrix can be chosen as
\begin{equation}
U_{x}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(
        \begin{array}{cccc}
          1 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
          0 & 0 & 1 & 1 \\
          1 & -1 & 0 & 0 \\
          0 & 0 & 1 & -1 \\
        \end{array}
      \right),\tag{S28}
\end{equation}
which block-diagonalizes $\mathcal{H}(k_{x}=0)$ to a BHZ-type Hamiltonian in the absence of $m_{5}$ term as
\begin{equation}
U_{x}\mathcal{H}(k_{x}=0)U_{x}^{\dagger}=\left(
                        \begin{array}{cc}
                          h_{x}(\mathrm{\mathbf{k}}) & 0 \\
                          0 & h_{x}(-\mathrm{\mathbf{k}})^{*} \\
                        \end{array}
                      \right),\tag{S29}
\end{equation}
with
\begin{equation}
h_{x}(\mathbf{\mathbf{k}})=(M+B_{1}k_{z}^{2}+B_{2}k_{y}^{2})\sigma_{z}+A_{2}k_{y}\sigma_{x}+A_{1}k_{z}\sigma_{y},\tag{S30}
\end{equation}
which has a Chern number of $+1$ in the inverted regime of $M<0$, while $h_{x}(-\mathbf{k})^{*}$ has an opposite Chern number. The pseuospin operator $\tau_{z}$ is then transformed back to
\begin{equation}
\hat{S}=U_{x}^{\dagger}(\tau_{z}\sigma_{0})U_{x}=\tau_{0}\sigma_{x}.\tag{S31}
\end{equation}
By taking an analogous procedure as in the $k_{z}$ case (the calculation becomes simpler in the transformed basis), it is straight forward to obtain the $k_{x}$-dependent Chern number for each pseudospin sector in $k_{y}$-$k_{z}$ slices both without and with $m_{5}$ term as
\begin{equation}
\label{Csx}
C^{S}_{\pm}(k_{x})=\pm\frac{1}{2}\big[-\mathrm{sgn}(B_{1})+\mathrm{sgn}(M+B_{2}k_{x}^{2})\big].\tag{S32}
\end{equation}
where $B_{2}$ and $B_{1}$ are assumed positive. When $M<0$ (inverted band structure), this leads to
\begin{equation}
\label{Csx2}
C^{S}(k_{x})=\left\{
                     \begin{array}{ll}
                       -1, & \hbox{$|k_{x}|<\sqrt{-M/B_{2}}$;} \\
                       0, & \hbox{$|k_{x}|>\sqrt{-M/B_{2}}$.}
                     \end{array}
                   \right.\tag{S33}
\end{equation}
When $M>0$, all $k_{y}$-$k_{z}$ slices are topologically trivial with $C^{S}(k_{x})=0$

Similarly, when treating $k_{y}$ as a parameter, the transformation matrix and pseudospin operators are given by
\begin{equation}
U_{y}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(
        \begin{array}{cccc}
          i & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
          0 & 0 & i & 1 \\
          1 & i & 0 & 0 \\
          0 & 0 & 1 & i \\
        \end{array}
      \right),\quad\hat{S}=U_{y}^{\dagger}(\tau_{z}\sigma_{0})U_{y}=\tau_{0}\sigma_{y}.\tag{S34}
\end{equation}
After some algebra, the results for $C^{S}(k_{y})$ turns out to be the same as Eqs. (\ref{Csx}) and (\ref{Csx2}) upon replacing $k_{x}$ by $k_{y}$.

\section{Wilson-loop characterization}
In this section, we adopt the Wilson-loop method \cite{Yu2011Equivalent} to supplement the quantized property associated with the above pseudospin Chern number. In contrast to the conventional Wilson loops defined from the ground state of real band structures, here we focus on the bands in the pseudospin spectrum and treat the lower one of the two pseudospin branches as the ``occupied'' valence band. The Wilson-loop operator for the single ``occupied'' band is then simply given by
\begin{equation}
\label{Wilsonloop}
\mathcal{W}(\mathcal{L})=\langle u(\mathbf{k}^{0}+\mathbf{G})|\overline{\prod}_{\{\mathbf{k}^{i}\}_{i=1}^{N}\in \mathcal{L}} \mathcal{P}^{\mathrm{occ}}(\mathbf{k}^{i})|u(\mathbf{k}^{0})\rangle,\tag{S35}
\end{equation}
where $|u(\mathbf{k})\rangle$ is the eigenstate of the ``occupied'' band, and $\mathcal{P}^{\mathrm{occ}}(\mathbf{k})=|u(\mathbf{k})\rangle\langle u(\mathbf{k})|$ is the projection operator to the ``occupied'' band, and the bar in $\overline{\prod}$ means path ordering. The unitary Wilson-loop operator has a single eigenvalue $e^{i\gamma}$, where $\gamma$ corresponds to the $U(1)$ Berry phase.

As a concrete illustration, we first treat $k_{z}$ as a parameter to investigate the evolution of $\gamma(k_{x})$ in the 2D $k_{x}$-$k_{y}$ slice by choosing the Wilson-loop along the $k_{y}$ direction. Note that to calculate the Wilson-loop operator,
we must transform the above continuum model to a lattice one, and the Chern number of each pseudospin sector $C_{\pm}^{S}(k_{z})$ changes to
\begin{equation}
C_{\pm}^{S}(k_{z})=\left\{
                     \begin{array}{ll}
                       \mp1, & \hbox{$\cos k_{z}>1+\frac{M}{2B_{1}}$;} \\
                       0, & \hbox{$\cos k_{z}<1+\frac{M}{2B_{1}}$.}
                     \end{array}
                   \right.\tag{S36}
\end{equation}
where $(-4B_{1}<M<0)$ is assumed, and $C_{\pm}^{S}(k_{z})=0$ for other values of $M$.

As shown by the blue line in Fig. 1(b), when $\cos k_{z}>1+M/2B_{1}$, the Wilson-loop spectra $\gamma(k_{x})$ exhibits a nontrivial winding along $k_{x}$, which corresponds to a nonzero pseudospin Chern number $C_{-}^{S}(k_{z})=+1$, while when $\cos k_{z}<1+M/2B_{1}$, there is no winding of $\gamma(k_{x})$ [see the red line in Fig. 1(b)], corresponding to $C_{-}^{S}(k_{z})=0$. When treating $k_{x}$ or $k_{y}$ as a parameter, the Wilson-loop spectra in the $k_{y}$-$k_{z}$ or $k_{x}$-$k_{z}$ slice exhibits similar behaviors as above, which will thus not be shown.

\section{Effective model Hamiltonians for surface states}
In this section, we explicitly derive the low-energy effective Hamiltonians of the surface states in the presence of the AFM order. We start from the lattice version of the continuum model in the main text, which can be described by the Hamiltonian $H=\sum_{\mathbf{k}}\mathcal{H}(\mathbf{k})c_{\mathbf{k}}^{\dagger}c_{\mathbf{k}}$ with
\begin{equation}
\label{dkgamma}
\begin{split}
\mathcal{H}(\mathbf{k})=&\epsilon_{0}(\mathbf{k})+\sum^{5}_{i=1}d_{i}(k)\Gamma^{i},\\
d_{1,2,...,5}(\mathbf{k})=&\Big(A_{2}\sin k_{y},-A_{2}\sin k_{x},A_{1}\sin k_{z},M(\mathbf{k}),m_{5} \Big),
\end{split}\tag{S37}
\end{equation}
where $\epsilon_{0}(\mathbf{k})=C+2D_{1}+4D_{2}-2D_{1}\cos k_{z}-2D_{2}(\cos k_{x}+\cos k_{y})$, $M(\mathbf{k})=M+2B_{1}+4B_{2}-2B_{1}\cos k_{z}-2B_{2}(\cos k_{x}+\cos k_{y})$, and the five Dirac matrices are represented as $\Gamma^{1,2,...,5}=(\tau_{x}\otimes\sigma_{x},\tau_{x}\otimes\sigma_{y},\tau_{y}\otimes \sigma_{0}, \tau_{z}\otimes \sigma_{0},\tau_{x}\otimes\sigma_{z})$ in the ordered basis of ($|P1^{+}_{z},\uparrow\rangle$, $|P1^{+}_{z},\downarrow\rangle$, $|P2^{-}_{z},\uparrow\rangle$, $|P2^{-}_{z},\downarrow\rangle$). For later convenience, we also define $\Gamma^{ij}=(1/2i)[\Gamma^{i},\Gamma^{j}]$. For simplicity, we will neglect the constant energy term $\epsilon_{0}(\mathbf{k})$ in the following discussions.

\subsection{surface states in $z$-direction}
First we consider the surface states along the $z$ direction by taking periodic boundary condition (PBC) in $x$- and $y$- directions and open boundary condition (OBC) in $z$-direction. By treating the good quantum numbers $k_{x}$ and $k_{y}$ as parameters and Fourier transforming $k_{z}$ into position space through the substitution $c_{\mathbf{k}}=(1/L)\sum_{z}e^{ik_{z}z}c_{k_{x},k_{y},z}$, we can obtain an effective reduced one-dimensional tight-binding Hamiltonian as
\begin{equation}
\label{realH}
\begin{split}
H(k_{x},k_{y})=&\sum_{z}\Big(\mathcal{M}c_{k_{x},k_{y},z}^{\dagger}c_{k_{x},k_{y},z}+\mathcal{\mathcal{N}}c_{k_{x},k_{y},z}^{\dagger}c_{k_{x},k_{y},z+1}\\
&+\mathcal{\mathcal{N}}^{\dagger}c_{k_{x},k_{y},z+1}^{\dagger}c_{k_{x},k_{y},z}\Big),\\
\mathcal{M}=&\Big[M+2B_{1}+4B_{2}-2B_{2}(\cos k_{x}+\cos k_{y})\Big]\Gamma^{4}\\
&+A_{2}(\sin k_{y}\Gamma^{1}-\sin k_{x}\Gamma^{2}),\\
\mathcal{N}=&\frac{i}{2}A_{1}\Gamma^{3}-B_{1}\Gamma^{4}.
\end{split}\tag{S38}
\end{equation}
Considering the exponentially localized nature of the surface states, we can take the ansatz $\psi_{\alpha}(z)=\lambda^{z}\phi_{\alpha}$, where $\phi$ is a four-component spinor with $\alpha=1,...,4$, $\lambda$ is a complex number, and $z$ denotes the lattice site from $z=0$ to $L$. Then the real-space eigenequation $H\psi=E\psi$ amounts to
\begin{equation}
\label{eigeneq}
\lambda \mathcal { N } _ { \alpha \beta } \phi _ { \beta } + \lambda ^{-1} \mathcal { N } _ { \alpha \beta } ^ { \dagger } \phi _ { \beta } + \mathcal { M } _ { \alpha \beta } \phi _ { \beta } = E \phi _ { \alpha }.\tag{S39}
\end{equation}
In the absence of the AFM $m_{5}\Gamma_{5}$ term, the system is both time-reversal (TR) and particle-hole symmetric, and consequently a zero-energy solution $E=0$ for the surface state is expected at the $\Gamma$ point, leading to the simplified equation
\begin{equation}
\label{simpleeq}
\bigg[\frac{iA_{1}}{2}(\lambda-\lambda^{-1})\Gamma^{3}+\Big(-B_{1}(\lambda+\lambda^{-1})+\mathcal{M}(0)\Big)\Gamma^{4}\bigg]\phi=0,\tag{S40}
\end{equation}
where $\mathcal{M}(0)=M+2B_{1}$. Multiplying both sides by $\Gamma^{4}$ yields
\begin{equation}
\frac{A_{1}}{2}(\lambda-\lambda^{-1})\Gamma^{34}\phi=\Big[-B_{1}(\lambda+\lambda^{-1})+\mathcal{M}(0)\Big]\phi,\tag{S41}
\end{equation}
where $\Gamma^{34}\equiv (1/2i)[\Gamma^{3},\Gamma^{4}]=\tau_{x}\sigma_{0}$, with eigenvalues $\pm1$. For $\Gamma^{34}\phi=\phi$, the eigenvectors are given by
$\phi_{1+}=(1/\sqrt{2})[1,0,1,0]^{\mathrm{T}}$ and $\phi_{2+}=(1/\sqrt{2})[0,1,0,1]^{\mathrm{T}}$, respectively, and $\lambda$ can be solved as
\begin{equation}
\label{lambda}
\lambda_{1,2}=\frac{\mathcal{M}(0)\pm\sqrt{\mathcal{M}(0)^{2}+(A_{1}^{2}-4B_{1}^{2})}}{A_{1}+2B_{1}}.\tag{S42}
\end{equation}
Note that if $\lambda$ is a solution for $\Gamma^{34}\phi=\phi$, then $\lambda^{-1}$ will be the solution for the opposite eigenvalue $\Gamma^{34}\phi=-\phi$, with eigenvectors $\phi_{1-}=(1/\sqrt{2})[-1,0,1,0]^{\mathrm{T}}$ and $\phi_{2-}=(1/\sqrt{2})[0,-1,0,1]^{\mathrm{T}}$. The surface state localized at the bottom (top) surface with $z=0$ ($z=L$) requires $|\lambda_{1,2}|<1$ ($|\lambda_{1,2}|>1$) for a normalizable solution, leading to the condition $-4B_{1}<M<0$, which is consistent with the band inversion condition at $\Gamma$ point in the topological regime. Since $A_{1}/B_{1}>0$ in our model, $|(A_{1}-2B_{1})/(A_{1}+2B_{1})|<1$, and thus we get $|\lambda_{1,2}|<1$ in Eq. (\ref{lambda}), indicating that $\phi_{s+}$ ($\phi_{s-}$) with $s=1,2$, corresponds to the bottom (top) surface state.

As for the bottom surface state, the boundary condition of $\psi_{\alpha}(0)=0$ gives rise to the solution at the $\Gamma$ point
\begin{equation}
\psi_{s+}(z)=(\lambda_{1}^{z}-\lambda_{2}^{z})\phi_{s+}, \quad s=1,2.\tag{S43}
\end{equation}
Away from the $\Gamma$ point and in the presence of the TR-breaking mass term $m_{5}\Gamma^{5}$, the effective Hamiltonian of the bottom surface state can be obtained by expressing these terms in the above basis as a $2\times 2$ matrix as
\begin{equation}
\label{bottomsurface}
h^{z=0}_{\mathrm{surf}}=A_{2}(k_{y}\sigma_{x}-k_{x}\sigma_{y})+m_{5}\sigma_{z}.\tag{S44}
\end{equation}

Similarly, for the top surface state, the effective Hamiltonian can be expanded in the two-dimensional $\phi_{1-}$ and $\phi_{2-}$ subspace as
\begin{equation}
\label{topsurface}
h^{z=L}_{\mathrm{surf}}=-\big[A_{2}(k_{y}\sigma_{x}-k_{x}\sigma_{y})+m_{5}\sigma_{z}\big].\tag{S45}
\end{equation}
Obviously, both the top and bottom surface states describe massive Dirac fermions with the energy dispersion
\begin{equation}
E=\pm\sqrt{A_{2}^{2}(k_{x}^{2}+k_{y}^{2})+m_{5}^{2}},\tag{S46}
\end{equation}
while they exhibit opposite fractional Hall conductance as $\sigma_{b,t}=\pm(e^{2}/2h)\mathrm{sgn}(m_{5})$~\cite{Bernevig2013Topological}, which cancel each other as a manifestation of the axion insulator state.

Furthermore, by projecting the real spin operator into to the surface states, it is found that the $\sigma$ matrix in the effective Hamiltonians of Eqs. (\ref{bottomsurface}) and (\ref{topsurface}) is proportional to the real spin. Consequently, both surface states in the $z$-direction will exhibit helical inplane spin textures, as shown in Figs. S3(b)-(c).

\subsection{surface states in $x$- and $y$- directions}
For the surface state along $x$-direction, similar procedures can be taken, leading to the condition of $\lambda$
\begin{equation}
\frac{A_{2}}{2}(\lambda-\lambda^{-1})\Gamma^{24}\phi=\Big[B_{2}(\lambda+\lambda^{-1})-\mathcal{M}(0)\Big]\phi,\tag{S47}
\end{equation}
where $\Gamma^{24}=-\tau_{y}\sigma_{y}$, and the eigenequation of $\Gamma^{24}\phi_{s\pm}^{x}=\pm\phi_{s\pm}^{x}$ with $s=1,2$, generates four eigenstates
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
\phi_{1+}^{x}=&\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[1,0,0,1]^{\mathrm{T}},\ \phi_{2+}^{x}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[0,-1,1,0]^{\mathrm{T}}\\
\phi_{1-}^{x}=&\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[-1,0,0,1]^{\mathrm{T}},\ \phi_{2-}^{x}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[0,1,1,0]^{\mathrm{T}}.
\end{split}\tag{S48}
\end{equation}
Similar analysis shows that $\phi_{s+}^{x}$ and $\phi_{s-}^{x}$ states are localized on the $x=L$ and $x=0$ surfaces, respectively. The effective Hamiltonians are then derived as
\begin{equation}
\label{hx}
\begin{split}
h_{\mathrm{surf}}^{x=L}=&A_{2}k_{y}\sigma_{z}+A_{1}k_{z}\sigma_{y}+m_{5}\sigma_{x}\\
h_{\mathrm{surf}}^{x=0}=&-A_{2}k_{y}\sigma_{z}-A_{1}k_{z}\sigma_{y}-m_{5}\sigma_{x},
\end{split}\tag{S49}
\end{equation}
with the massive Dirac spectrum given by
\begin{equation}
E=\pm\sqrt{A_{2}^{2}k_{y}^{2}+A_{1}^{2}k_{z}^{2}+m_{5}^{2}}.\tag{S50}
\end{equation}

Finally, along $y$- direction, we get the condition
\begin{equation}
\frac{A_{2}}{2}(\lambda-\lambda^{-1})\Gamma^{14}\phi=\Big[-B_{2}(\lambda+\lambda^{-1})+\mathcal{M}(0)\Big]\phi,\tag{S51}
\end{equation}
with $\Gamma^{14}=-\tau_{y}\sigma_{x}$ and the eigenstates
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
\phi_{1+}^{y}=&\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[i,0,0,1]^{\mathrm{T}},\ \phi_{2+}^{y}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[0,i,1,0]^{\mathrm{T}}\\
\phi_{1-}^{y}=&\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[-i,0,0,1]^{\mathrm{T}},\ \phi_{2-}^{y}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[0,-i,1,0]^{\mathrm{T}}.
\end{split}\tag{S52}
\end{equation}
The $\phi_{s+}^{y}$ and $\phi_{s-}^{y}$ states are found to be localized on the $y=0$ and $y=L$ surfaces, respectively, and the effective Hamiltonians are given by
\begin{equation}
\label{hy}
\begin{split}
h_{\mathrm{surf}}^{y=L}=&-A_{2}k_{x}\sigma_{z}+A_{1}k_{z}\sigma_{x}-m_{5}\sigma_{y}\\
h_{\mathrm{surf}}^{y=0}=&A_{2}k_{x}\sigma_{z}-A_{1}k_{z}\sigma_{x}+m_{5}\sigma_{y},
\end{split}\tag{S53}
\end{equation}
with the spectrum
\begin{equation}
E=\pm\sqrt{A_{2}^{2}k_{x}^{2}+A_{1}^{2}k_{z}^{2}+m_{5}^{2}}.\tag{S54}
\end{equation}
It is worth mentioning that the AFM $m_{5}\Gamma^{5}$ term gaps all surface Dirac cone states with a gap of 2$m_{5}$, regardless of the surface orientation.

\section{Details of $\mathrm{Mn_{2}Bi_{6}Te_{11}}$}
\subsection{Total energy calculation}
In Fig. S1, we present the total energy obtained from first-principles calculations for different magnetic ordered states of $\mathrm{Mn}_{2}\mathrm{Bi}_{6}\mathrm{Te}_{11}$, namely, the (001) AFM, (100) AFM, (001) FM, and (100) FM, among which the ($001$) AFM is the magnetic ground state.
\begin{figure}
  \centering

  \includegraphics[width=1.8in]{figs1.pdf}\\
  \caption{Total energies for different magnetic ordered states of $\mathrm{Mn}_{2}\mathrm{Bi}_{6}\mathrm{Te}_{11}$.}\label{figs1}
\end{figure}

\subsection{$\mathbf{k\cdot p}$ parameters}
\begin{figure*}
  \centering

  \includegraphics[width=5.8in]{figs2.pdf}\\
  \caption{Energy dispersions obtained from $k\cdot p$ model (red dashed lines) and \emph{ab initio} calculations (blue solid lines) along (a) $k_{z}$ direction, (b) $k_{x}$ direction, and, (c) $k_{101}$ direction.}\label{figs2}
\end{figure*}

By fitting with band structures from first-principles calculations, the detailed $k\cdot p$ parameters are given by $C=0.0232$ eV, $D_{1}=1.77$ $\mathrm{eV\ \AA^{2}}$, $D_{2}=10.82$ $\mathrm{eV\ \AA^{2}}$, $A_{1}=0.30$ $\mathrm{eV\ \AA}$, $A_{2}=1.76$ $\mathrm{eV\ \AA}$, $B_{1}=2.55$ $\mathrm{eV\ \AA^{2}}$, $B_{2}=14.20$ $\mathrm{eV\ \AA^{2}}$, $M=-0.09$ eV, $m_{5}=3.8$ meV. The fitted energy dispersions along $k_{z}$, $k_{x}$, and $k_{101}$ directions, are presented in Figs. S2(a)-(c), where the red dashed (blue solid) lines are obtained from $k\cdot p$ model (\emph{ab initio} calculations). Note that there is some ambiguity in determining the parameters by fitting to the energy dispersion. Nevertheless, they suffice to describe the qualitative features of the band structure around $\Gamma$ point, especially the band inversion.

\subsection{Surface LDOS}
In Fig. S3(a), by constructing maximally localized Wannier functions on the basis of first-principles calculations~\cite{Marzari1997}, we present the local density of states of the (111) (or $z$-direction) surface terminated by a $\mathrm{MnBi_{2}Te_{4}}$ septuple layer. The Fermi surfaces of the massive surface state near and away from the conduction band bottom are shown in Figs. S3(b) and S3(c), with circular and triangular shapes, respectively. Both of them exhibit a spin-momentum locked helical spin-texture.
\begin{figure*}
  \centering

  \includegraphics[width=5.8in]{figs3.pdf}\\
  \caption{(a) The local density of states on the (111) surface terminated by the $\mathrm{Mn_{1}Bi_{2}Te_{4}}$ septuple layer. Fermi surfaces of the massive Dirac surface state at different energy level (b) near and (c) away from the conduction band minimum, with circular and triangular shapes, respectively. Both of them exhibit helical spin-momentum locked features.}\label{figs3}
\end{figure*}
\section{Calculation of the static axion angle}
As shown above, because of the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry, only the identity matrix $\mathbb{I}_{4\times 4}$ and the five linearly independent anticommuting Dirac matrices $\Gamma^{1,2,...,5}$ appear in the total Hamiltonian. The $\theta$ value of our model can thus be simply calculated via the formula \cite{li2010dynamical}
\begin{equation}
\label{thetacalc}
\theta=\frac{1}{4\pi}\int d^{3}k\frac{2|d|+d_{4}}{(|d|+d_{4})^{2}|d|^{3}}\epsilon^{ijkl}d_{i}\partial_{x}d_{j}\partial_{y}d_{k}\partial_{z}d_{l},\tag{S55}
\end{equation}
where $i,j,k,l$ take values from 1, 2, 3, 5 and $|d|=\sqrt{\sum_{n=1}^{5}d_{n}^{2}}$ with the lattice-regularized components of $d_{1,2,...,5}$ in the continuum model.

\section{Band structures for other compounds}
In Fig. S4, we present the detailed band structures obtained from first-principles calculations without and with SOC for other compounds, $X_{2}Y_{6}Z_{11}$ ($X=\mathrm{Eu,Mn}$, $Y=\mathrm{Bi,Sb}$, and $Z=\mathrm{Se, Te}$) in the $\mathrm{Mn}_{2}\mathrm{Bi}_{6}\mathrm{Te}_{11}$-family. The fatband structures have been labeled for each compound, which clearly demonstrate the SOC-induced band inversion around the $\Gamma$ point. This indicates that these compounds are also promising candidates for TI-based dynamical axion states. Figure S5 provides the insets of the energy gaps as a function of SOC strength near the minimum point in Fig. 4(b) in the main text.

\begin{figure*}
  \centering

  \includegraphics[width=7in]{figs4.pdf}\\
  \caption{Band structures without (upper row) and with (lower row) SOC for other compounds in the $\mathrm{Mn}_{2}\mathrm{Bi}_{6}\mathrm{Te}_{11}$-family, namely, (from left to right), $\mathrm{Eu}_{2}\mathrm{Bi}_{6}\mathrm{Se}_{11}$, $\mathrm{Eu}_{2}\mathrm{Bi}_{6}\mathrm{Te}_{11}$, $\mathrm{Eu}_{2}\mathrm{Sb}_{6}\mathrm{Te}_{11}$, $\mathrm{Mn}_{2}\mathrm{Bi}_{6}\mathrm{Se}_{11}$, and, $\mathrm{Mn}_{2}\mathrm{Sb}_{6}\mathrm{Te}_{11}$. }\label{figs4}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure*}
  \centering

  \includegraphics[width=6in]{figs5.pdf}\\
  \caption{Insets of the energy gaps as a function of SOC strength near the minimum point in Fig. 4(b) in the main text.}\label{figs5}
\end{figure*}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Livescience.com-health-not-hype
The Straight Poop on Goop's Coffee Enema: Don't Do It
By Laura Geggel
A woman at Belle Vitta, a lifestyle re-education center, reaches into the refrigerator for coffee so she can fill her enema bottle. (Image credit: Alamy)
Colon cleansers have landed people in the hospital, but that hasn't stopped actress Gwyneth Paltrow from touting one — known as the Implant O'Rama System — on her lifestyle website, goop.
In a new detox guide, goop describes the Implant O'Rama as an "at-home coffee enema," which claims to relieve people from "depression, confusion, general nervous tension, many allergy related symptoms and, most importantly, relief from severe pain," according to the product's web page.
But doctors beg to differ. [25 Medical Myths That Just Won't Go Away]
Colon cleansing "is not wise — particularly if you have a history of gastrointestinal disease (including diverticulitis, Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis) or a history of colon surgery, severe hemorrhoids, kidney disease, or heart disease," as these conditions can increase the risk of adverse effects, according to a 2011 report in The Journal of Family Practice.
The colon, also called the large intestine, helps rid the body of food waste after all the nutrients have been extracted from the digested food. This waste is then stored in the sigmoid colon (the last part of the colon before the rectum), where it is kept until the body is ready for a bowel movement.
Given that the colon processes waste, it's not that surprising that colon cleansing has been practiced since ancient times, when it was believed that intestinal waste in the colon could poison the body, according to the 2011 report. The procedure was revived in the early 1900s, but it fell out of favor after a 1919 paper by the American Medical Association condemned the practice. However, the popularity of colon cleansing has rebounded in recent years, the researchers said.
But the practice can be dangerous, whether or not coffee is involved. The report reviews two case reports, including a 31-year-old woman with Crohn's disease who came to the emergency department with symptoms of weakness, fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The woman reported she had gone to a cleansing center for a colonic cleansing two days prior, but stopped 15 minutes into the procedure after developing diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, the researchers said.
In another case, a 49-year-old man who used a colon cleanser developed symptoms that included dizziness, weakness, vomiting and diarrhea. A colonoscopy showed that he had chronic and acute inflammation, prompting a gastroenterologist to diagnose him with "herbal intoxication," the researchers said.
Colonic cleansing, also known as colonic irrigation or colonic hydrotherapy, works like an enema.
"The patient generally lies on a table and water (with or without additional herbs or compounds) is pumped through the rectum via a tube," the researchers wrote in the report. "Unlike enemas, for which a small amount of fluid is used, however, colon cleansing calls for a large volume of fluid — up to 60 liters [15 gallons] — to be introduced into the rectum [not all at once, but over the course of the procedure]. Fluids and waste are expelled through another tube. The procedure may be repeated several times."
However, despite claims that this cleansing can aid in "detoxification," boost the immune and circulatory systems and enhance cognitive ability, evidence shows otherwise. [7 Embarrassing Health Problems]
"Despite colon cleansing's long history and current popularity, the literature does not support its purported benefits," the researchers wrote in the report.
Colon cleansing can cause mild side effects, such as cramping, abdominal pain and nausea, or serious problems, including renal failure and electrolyte imbalance, the researchers said. Moreover, the devices used in the cleansing are not approved for colon cleansing by the Food and Drug Administration.
It's important to note that colon cleansing practitioners are not licensed by a scientifically based organization, the researchers said. "Rather, practitioners have undergone a training process structured by an organization that is attempting to institute its own certification and licensing requirement," they wrote.
Paltrow has already landed in hot water for encouraging "vaginal steaming" (which isn't necessary, because the vagina can clean itself) and selling jade eggs, telling readers to insert them into the vagina as a way to boost reproductive health. (There's no evidence that the eggs work, and they may alter the bacteria in the vagina and its pH.)
Original article on Live Science.
Laura Geggel
Laura is the archaeology/history and Life's Little Mysteries editor at Live Science. She also reports on general science, including archaeology and paleontology. Her work has appeared in The New York Times, Scholastic, Popular Science and Spectrum, a site on autism research. She has won multiple awards from the Society of Professional Journalists and the Washington Newspaper Publishers Association for her reporting at a weekly newspaper near Seattle. Laura holds a bachelor's degree in English literature and psychology from Washington University in St. Louis and a master's degree in science writing from NYU.
Asteroid set to make 'extraordinarily close' approach to Earth tonight. Here's how to watch.
Ancient Roman residences with 'pigeon towers' discovered in Luxor, Egypt

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Karnataka-bound couple welcomes baby boy at Delhi airport
04:28 PM Nov 16, 2022 | PTI |
Delhi airport welcomed the arrival of its "youngest passenger ever" as a pregnant woman waiting for a flight at Terminal 3, along with her husband, went into labour and gave birth to a baby boy.
The couple was scheduled to board a flight to Karnataka's Hubbali Tuesday morning, but "fate had something else in store for them", a doctor who assisted the woman through childbirth at the medical facility of Terminal 3 said.
"She had gone to a washroom when her water broke, and luckily our medical facility was nearby. She was brought to the facility where we attended to her and delivered the baby. It was a healthy boy, who cried to signal his arrival at an airport no less," Dr Pravin Singh of the Medanta medical facility at Terminal 3 told PTI.
The woman was brought to the facility around 9:20 am and the baby was born around 9:40 am, he said. The doctor claimed it was the first baby to be born at the Medanta clinic of the Delhi international airport.
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DGCA slaps Rs 10 lakh fine on Go First for Bangalore airport incident on January 9
Nepal's first ATR-72 aircraft crash claims at least 68 lives
The Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) welcomed the arrival of the tiny "passenger".
"Welcoming the youngest passenger ever! Celebrating the arrival of the First Baby at Terminal 3, Medanta Facility. Mother and child, both are doing well. #NewBorn #YoungestPassengeratDEL #DELCares," the Delhi airport operator tweeted.
Singh said the woman and her baby were taken to a nearby private hospital from the airport.
Terminal 3 of the Indira Gandhi International Airport witnesses a massive footfall of passengers every day. It is one of the busiest airports in the world.
Labour Delhi Airport pregnant woman terminal 3 arrival youngest passenger


Following the publication of the paperbacks of my books 50 Mistakes Beginner Writers Make and 50 More Mistakes Beginner Writers Make last month I have been pretty busy writing about writerly errors and answering questions about non-fiction.
1/ First off, Patsy Collins, who runs both her own Words About Writing and Writing About Words blog as well as the Womagwriter's Blog, recently invited her readers to submit questions to me about breaking into writing non-fiction for magazines, with one lucky winner winning a copy of one of my books.
You can read all the excellent questions, and my detailed responses, right here.
2/ Next, Carol Bevitt kindly invited me to submit to a writer's Q&A on her blog, Carol's Corner. Carol asked me about my writing books, about my allergy books, and about my future books … and for any key advice for someone thinking of writing their own non-fiction books.
You can read my answers to these on Carol's blog here.
3/ And finally, Diana Nadin of the Writers Bureau, with whom I spent many happy years tutoring non-fiction to thousands (yes, really) of students worldwide, asked me to write a guest blog about writing mistakes … and I jumped at the chance to opine on all matters error-ly!
And you can read that on the WB blog here.
I was delighted to have you as my guest for the Q&A, Alex. I'll be catching up on WB blog next.


text:
Teen Who Sued Parents Denied Support
Lacy Langley
The eighteen-year-old girl who sued her parents for child support and tuition has lost her case. The judge's reasoning for denying her support was that the case, if won, would set a bad precedent on limits for parenting, which could lead to a flood of these kinds of cases.
Rachel Canning insisted in court that her parents kicked her out of their house 2 days before her eighteenth birthday back in October. Her parents, including former Lincoln Park Police Chief Sean Canning, say that the teen left on her own because she didn't want to follow basic rules of their household like doing chores, being respectful, and the curfew, according to Fox News.
Ms. Canning was asking for $654 per week in child support and for her parents to pay tuition to her catholic high school for the remainder of the year. A new case, tentatively scheduled for April 22nd, will determine if her parents will have to pay for her college or not. Rachel has already been accepted to several colleges for next year.
The judge in the case, Morris County Court Judge Peter Bogaard, did rule that her parents will keep Rachel on their health insurance policy and that they will continue to contribute to her college savings account.
Sean Canning paints a picture of a bit of a spoiled brat, saying that their expectations were very reasonable, perhaps even too lenient.
"I'm a liberal, liberal parent," he said. "I wish I could have grown up in my house. I was tougher on my cops at work than I've ever been at my home, that's for sure."
He just wishes the whole thing was over, and that Rachel would come back home. Her parents both want her to be a part of their family again.
"This whole thing is just destroying our family," he said. "We love our daughter. She's our pride and joy. The door is wide open. We want her to come home."
What do you think? Is this the latest manifestation of the "entitlement generation" or do you believe that Rachel Canning deserves to have her family's financial support?
Image via YouTube
Tags court entitlement Rachel canning teen sues parents tuition
RadioShack: What Went Wrong For the Company?
Ukraine: European Union To Offer Billions In Aid


text:
webmaster@vitaroyalproducts.com
If you'd like a consultation with our biochemist about your horse, all we ask is that you fill out, and return, our Equine Case History Questionnaire. You can provide any test results you may have regarding: water quality, veterinary diagnosis and/or laboratory tests, etc.
Our biochemist has chosen Doctors Data, Inc. to provide our customers with hair elements analysis. With a solid reputation, they have been our laboratory of choice since 1979. Doctors Data has recently described this particular test as:
The volume of, at least, one packed tablespoon of hair is required to complete analysis. Hair samples taken from the chest of animals and back of the head on humans are preferable.
Send your sample and contact information via USPS to our headquaters, and we'll send it to our lab at a bundled rate to briing you the best possible price on the highest quality analysis.
Only Pure Nutrients to Maintain and Improve Health on a Biochemical Level
Vita Royal Products Inc. was established in 1977 in response to the recycled contaminants in food act that was passed in the same year. This act allowed, and continues to allow, the recycling of heavy metals and hazardous chemical waste into fertilizers that supply nutrients for the crops that feed our animals and, in some cases, people as well. These toxins are absorbed into the crops and thus deposited into the animals who eat the processed version(s) of these crops.
Our goal has always been to provide a healthier option for these animals, be they performance horses, pets, cows or chickens for slaughter.
Why Our Products Are Superior to the Competition
• We use only pharmaceutical grade ingredients (USP), which are the absolute highest quality ingredients available in the world.
• All of our products are formulated so that the bioavailability of each ingredient is maximized.
• Most importantly, our products work to restore normal, healthy biochemistry; from performance horses to seemingly hopeless and dire cases.
For Horse Problems
Maintenance Supplements
Equine Plus® Grower
Equine Plus® Performance
Equine Plus® Autumn Years
Situational Supplements
Untie®
xenoDetox®
Organic Iodine
EPS Formula®
Solid Fuel®
Nutrient Buffer®
Sanity®
Blood Buffer™
Glucosamine HCL
Pure Probiotics™
Electrolytes Plus™
Hi-Pro Feed
Soaker Boots
Dosing Gun / Syring
Barn Water Filtration
Equine Environmental Illness
Feed Program & Protocol
Blood, Hair and Fecal Testing
Colic, Herpes, Tying Up, Allergies
EPM: A Birds Eye Overview
Acupuctural Treatment of Autoimmune & Herpes Syndromes
EPM Rehab Centers
EII: Concurrent Symptoms
Diagnosis of EPM
Feces Consistency
Founder, Cushing's & the Allergy Connection
Thyroid Conditions Resulting from EII
Understanding EII's Affects on the Thyroid
Biochemist Recommended Worming Routine
Therapy & Methodology
Aggressive Drug Therapy vs. Holistic Approach
School of Thought Behind Feed Program
Alternative Methods that Help & Hinder
Label Wars
The "Why's & Why Not's" of Our Feed Program
Cow Hocks
Contracted Tendons
EPSM
Clinical Trial: Abscess
Buddy's Case History
Buddy is an Appendix Quarter Horse in his late 20's. In April of 1999 he was apparently bitten by a brown recluse spider -- I say apparently, because there is no conclusive test for the spider bite, but many other possibilities were tested for and eliminated by my vet.
The bite was a bit forward of the near withers just under his mane. When I first noticed it (which may have been a day or two after it happened), he had a raw patch the size of my hand that looked something like a gruesome case of rain rot.
June, 2000: Typical Eruptions.
For about six months, my vet treated him with everything she could think of. He had several rounds of various antibiotics, each successive round more powerful and lengthy than the one before. All the while, he continued to produce ever deeper and more purulent abscesses. At one point, my vet actually dug through the spinous processes from the abscessing side to the other to allow drainage. Eventually, the abscesses healed over on the original side and continued on the far side.
It was about October/November of '99 when my vet more or less gave up and told me Buddy would probably continue to abscess for the remainder of his life. At this point, I began to try all manner of remedies.
I was giving Buddy homeopathic remedies when I heard about Vita Royal in March of 2000 and accepted Linsey's invitation to put Buddy on a clinical trial. By this time, the poor old horse had deteriorated physically and mentally to the point where I seriously considered euthanasia. In addition to his profusely draining abscesses, his forelegs were becoming increasingly painful and his knees, which had been arthritic before the spider bite, were terribly swollen and stiff.
When Linsey first saw Buddy, she was appalled. Telling me that I couldn't possibly just let him continue in that condition, she rolled up her sleeves to clean his sheath (which has always been terribly scabby and infected...even the vet's antibiotics didn't clear up the problem there) and applied some of her special coconut goop.
She left me with instructions to give him several different Vita Royal products.
Over the course of the next five months, Buddy continued to abscess and drain, but with less intensity as time went on. Sometimes it seemed that he would never really heal. Each time he reached a new low, Linsey pulled another trick out of her hat and sent me a new product to give him. At least one time, he completely healed over on the surface, but with an ominous swelling and heat in the area that foretold further abscesses forming.
Several times during the five months on Vita Royal I considered euthanasia again, but Linsey was so strong in her conviction that her products would bring about resolution that I agreed to continue.
This month Buddy went through one last healing over phase with telltale swelling beneath. I lanced the swelling with a razor blade, flushed the cavity with a Vita Royal product, and continued to give him his Vita Royal supplements.
By August 17, Buddy's withers on both sides were completely healed over, with no open lesions, no drainage, no swelling, no heat and no signs of further problems. Since that time, he has continued to heal, growing first scars, then nice thick hair over the areas that had been open, gaping holes in his withers.
He has continued on a modified program of Vita Royal supplements since then and has shown no sign whatever of recurrence of the abscesses.
In fact, his legs are beginning to show improvement, very slowly, but definitely. It has been two or three years since he has been able to bend his knees even slightly, so his feet haven't been picked out in all that time. The farrier has never seen his soles, and has to set his forefeet on a low block of wood in order to do some manner of rasping them.
Last Thursday, October 12, 2000, the farrier came and I carried the block of wood into Buddy's stall. She picked up his left foot to set it on the block and he bent his knee! We were both shocked, but she quickly grabbed her knife and was able to clean the foot and scrape the sole just a bit even. Buddy was unable to repeat the process and couldn't duplicate the action with his other foreleg, which is much worse. But... I have noticed that he is now stepping over tiny obstacles in his path with ever so slightly bent knees nowadays, where before he would swing a stiff leg out and around the object in his way. And twice in the past week or so, he has cantered into the barn when I've called him!! This from a horse who just months before was hobbling around, taking stabbing jabbing steps that could be measured in inches!
Linsey tells me it will take up to six months for his knees to decalcify. I just can't wait to see!! It gives me such joy to see this poor suffering old horse regain his peace of mind and ease of living in his body after this long, horrible ordeal.
Update on Buddy, 1/18/01
Buddy is doing GREAT!!! Once his spider bite healed over the last time on August 17, he hasn't had even a hint of a problem in that area. My vet remarked on it just a few weeks ago when she was here. He is also doing remarkably well with his knees, considering that for the past few winters he was on heavy doses of bute during the winter (up to 3 grams daily) for knee pain. This year, no bute whatsoever!!
AND... after at least three years of walking totally stiff legged in front, his left knee is bending to the point where my farrier has been able to trim the bottom of that hoof the past two visits. The right leg is much worse, but is beginning to bend fractionally. AND... for the first time in ages, I have lately observed him lying down in the hay to take his naps. I believe he was napping standing up for the longest time because he didn't feel safe lying down, because he couldn't get up easily or quickly or even, really, at all... So, he is doing SO WELL.
Kate Hester


Of course fly lines do break. Perhaps the question should be how easily do fly lines break?
As with any line, be they monofilament or dental floss, when pulled they do take some effort to snap in two. So fly lines do not break easily.
It is more likely your tippet, leader or a connection such as a knot somewhere that will break before the fly line does.
Fly line breaking strength generally depend on their core (most are mono or braided core) and can be anything from 20lb to 100lb!
Below are two fly lines by Scientific Angler with 100-lb core.
Having said that, if you notice damage in the fly line coating, best be ready to change the line as it may break anytime. Worst being when you are fighting a nice fish!
You can see the damage on the Striped Bass line in the image below. It actually broke twice during a trip to Royal Belum.
After a short length near the head section broke I re-tied a new leader and continued using this fast sinking line.
The next day, another section broke and the line finally reluctantly went into the trash.
This line is my favorite fast sinking line and have been using it frequently for about five years.
We use sinking lines a lot more than floating lines in our fishing here.
Good quality fly lines are not exactly cheap and if you fish a lot and have multiple-weight setups, you'll likely be spending a small fortune just on fly lines alone.
The consolation is, fly lines generally last a very long time. As long as they are not damaged (usually by snags or being stepped on) they will give you many years of fishing enjoyment. Fly lines also do not have expiry so can be stored a long time.
I love this SA fast sink line. It casts well, sink fast and don't stick in our hot tropical weather. A pity it's no longer produced.


Can love restore the 'primitive-ego'? is obviously not a question I have the answer for but, nonetheless, it is one that is worth revisiting now and then. It's not difficult to understand that 'falling in love' is an event that messes with the boundaries of the ego. However, it's not as easier to grasp what exactly happens to us when a lover alternates between subject and object. In Civilization and its Discontents (1929), Freud argues that there is only one state (non-pathological) where the ego seizes to keep itself clearly and sharply outlined and delimited. Freud is referring to the state of 'being in love', to which he adds that: Against all the evidence of his senses, the man in love declares that he and his beloved are one, and is prepared to behave as if it were a fact.
Freud then goes on to explain that when faced with the question of 'what does a man demands of life' – the answer being happiness -, one easily comprehends that there is a deep struggle at the core of our being, since we live by the pleasure-principle and we desire to experience intense satisfaction but the ways through which we attain pleasure are often criticized/outlawed by society.
If we accept the notion that love is, today, a kind of healthy way to restore the ego, i.e., to restore its harmony with the external world, opening a whole new sort of possibilities; and if love, sexual love, gives us our most intense experience of an overwhelming pleasurable sensation, then, Freud asks, why abandon this path for happiness? The answer being: We are never so defenceless against suffering as when we love, never so forlornly unhappy as when we have lost our love-object or its love.
Though it may seem over-simplified, Freud argues that it's this genuine search for happiness that drives humanity to center its life around 'genital love'. The problem arises when one reflects upon what this does for the ego, since such a subject leads a life that is very dependent on an external object – the object of love. But this isn't the only reason for shortening the experience of 'sexual love', for love opposes the interests of culture; on the other, culture menaces love with grievous restrictions.[…] culture obeys the laws of psychological economic necessity in making the restrictions, for it obtains a great part of the mental energy it needs by subtracting it from sexuality.
A lot more could be said about the restrictions imposed by the so-called civilized societies upon the sexual behaviors that fulfill the pleasure-principle. Overall, this is just illustrates the process of evolution that served the reality principle and the functioning of an organized and capitalist society at the expense of human happiness. If when a love-relationship is at its height, no room is left for any interest in the surrounding world; what would happen to society if, in fact, it valued the time needed to love?


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
International Plant Names Index

#### Published in
null

#### Original name
Calendula flaccida Vent.

### Remarks
null


There are no artistry points in football, a reality Maryland was no doubt grateful for Saturday.
There was another reason for the Terrapins to give thanks. After nearly three hours of generally unsightly offense, injury-depleted Maryland departed Byrd Stadium with a 7-6 victory over William & Mary.
It is the sort of result that rarely results in hosannas. And, really, there couldn't help but be an overbearing sense of mutually assured unsightliness as the Terps committed four turnovers and the Tribe turned to its backup quarterback midway through the second quarter after starter Brent Caprio left with a shoulder injury.
There was no certainty about the outcome until the final 10 minutes. It took that long for Maryland to finally reach the end zone, tailback Justus Pickett's six-yard dart and freshman Brad Craddock's extra point the lone scoring for Maryland.
It was one of only two Maryland drives to last beyond five plays. Between three Perry Hills interceptions and an Albert Reid lost fumble, it came as little surprise the Terps required a dozen true freshmen to survive the game.
Maryland (and Hills especially) will need to in a hurry.
Hills, only the third true freshman quarterback to start for Maryland, was 16 of 24 for 145 yards in his debut, sticking mostly to short- and medium-length passes as the Terps tried to keep things manageable.
He also was intercepted three times, looking very much like a quarterback who ascended to a starting job less than three weeks ago.
The scuffling offense unnerved some in the crowd of 31,321, the smallest for a Maryland season opener since 1997. A smattering of boos fell down on the Terps as halftime arrived, and it seemed possible Maryland would follow up a 2-10 season with an even more ignominious development.
Instead, the Terps stitched together one strong drive in the fourth quarter, finally scoring two plays after senior Kevin Dorsey converted a third-down reception after shaking a would-be tackler and gaining 22 yards thanks to a Bennett Fulper block.
Whatever growth occurs on offense will come with most of the same guys who struggled to cobble 236 yards against a team from the former Division I-AA. Of the 12 scholarship players out for the opener because of injury, only two are offensive players who could return this season (tailback Brandon Ross and guard Josh Cary).
Reinforcements should eventually arrive for a defense that acquitted itself well in its first game in new coordinator Brian Stewart's 3-4 system. It gave up a pair of field goals off turnovers, never allowed the Tribe to collect more than 39 yards on a possession and generally appeared vastly better than the sieve-like unit of a year ago.
Yes, it was against a William & Mary team coming off a 5-6 season. And yes, it was an opponent against whom Maryland would typically enjoy a massive scholarship advantage.
But it ended a whole lot better than nearly all of the Terps' games from a year ago. For this particular afternoon it was plenty, no matter how tempting it was not to actually watch the proceedings.


There is a highly treatable, common illness that is too often ignored by the most capable among us.
Symptoms may include sadness, numbness, irritability, fatigue, low energy, dis-interest or difficulty engaging in activities or with other people, feeling like a failure, lack of hope, skepticism, difficulty finding self-worth, trouble sleeping, or sleeping too much, no appetite, or eating too much, thoughts about death, dying, perhaps even about killing yourself.
This illness is depression and it is no joke. Yes, it is a real thing. And it is NOT you.
Depression can be sneaky. It creeps in slowly. The symptoms can start at low levels. It's lurking just below the surface for awhile until it becomes your new norm. At first it seems relatively manageable.
Depression may be related to difficult life events that would carry an expectable amount of distress and challenges with coping, so you think that's just it – it's just temporary. It can begin to seem like this is just how you are, and it can be hard to sift out the depressed thinking patterns from your regular self.
BUT if it is lasting (two weeks or more) and it is not getting better (or getting worse) and it causes you difficulty at work, in relationships, or in managing your usual day to day life, it's a problem. OR if you are skilled at putting on a "good face" and are managing all this but feeling distant and distressed and quietly suffering inside, it is time to get some help.
The vast majority of the time, depression is very treatable, and it is not an uncommon illness.
But for many, especially those who function well, who carry responsibility with poise, who are conscientious workers, friends, and family members, who are perhaps used to listening to others' problems rather than sharing their deepest selves, it can take an act of great bravery to see through depression's deception.
It can be challenging to recognize and accept that depression is what's going on, and that you need some help to give it the boot.
Don't let depression's hold on your thinking patterns convince you that it is better to deny your true feelings or your true experience. Take the first step back to yourself and ask for help – from a therapist, from your doctor, from whoever you feel most comfortable talking to at this vulnerable time.
Leah Ottow, LCSW is a therapist and clinical supervisor at New Approaches, a private psychotherapy practice providing expert guidance during life transitions and challenges. Leah's areas of specialty include anxiety, relationships, perfectionism, identity, depression, mindfulness, stress management, loneliness, and pregnancy/post-partum.
She can be reached [email protected] or 207-553-2260 ext. 2.


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Order company on-line
Requirements for Irish Company Setup
Irish Company Types
International Company Formation
Free Guide to Irish Tax
Why Ireland
Benefits of Starting a Company in Ireland
Taxation of Irish companies
Ireland has signed comprehensive double taxation agreements with 68 countries, of which 61 are in effect.
The agreements cover direct taxes, which in the case of Ireland are income tax, corporation tax and capital gains tax.
The countries that Ireland has a double taxation agreement are:
Armenia (effective 1st January 2013)
Chile China
Egypt (pending)
New agreements with Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Hong Kong and Montenegro are effective from 1 January 2012. A new agreement with Armenia will be effective from 1 January 2013. New agreements have been signed with Egypt on 9 April 2012, Qatar on 21 June 2012 and Uzbekistan on 11 July 2012. The legal procedures to bring these agreements into force are now being followed.
A new agreement which will replace the existing agreement with Germany was signed on 30 March 2011. This agreement came into force on 28 November 2012 and is effective from 1 January 2013. Ireland has completed the ratification procedures to bring the new agreements with Kuwait, Panama and Saudi Arabia into force. When ratification procedures are also completed by these countries, the agreements will enter into force. A protocol to the existing agreement with South Africa came into force on the 10 February 2012 and is effective from 1 April 2012 for Articles III and VI of the Protocol and from 1 January 2013 for the other articles. Ireland has completed the ratification procedures to bring the protocol to the existing agreement with Malaysia into force. When ratification procedures are also completed by Malaysia, the protocol will enter into force. A protocol to the existing agreement with Switzerland was signed on 26 January 2012. The legal procedures to bring this protocol into force are now being followed. Negotiations for new agreements with Thailand and Ukraine have been concluded and are expected to be signed shortly. Negotiations on Protocols to the existing agreements with Belgium and Luxembourg have also been concluded.
Negotiations for new agreements with the following countries are at various stages: Azerbaijan and Tunisia. Negotiations are ongoing for the revision of the existing agreements with Pakistan and with the Netherlands. It is also planned to initiate negotiations for new agreements with other countries in the course of 2012. Where a double taxation agreement does not exist with a particular country there are provisions in the Irish Taxes Consolidation Acts (TCA) 1997 which allow unilateral relief against double taxation in respect of certain types of income. The principal provisions granting unilateral relief are as follows: dividends from foreign subsidiaries: credit for withholding tax on dividend payments and for foreign tax paid on the underlying profits out of which the dividends were paid (paragraph 9A and B of Schedule 24 TCA 1997) pooling and carry-forward of excess foreign tax credits (paragraph 9E of Schedule 24 TCA 1997) credit for foreign tax on dividends paid by a foreign company that is a member of a group that paid tax on a consolidated basis (paragraph 9G of Schedule 24 TCA 1997)
For more on the benefits of registering a company in Ireland, please don't hesitate to contact us.
Office Telephone : +353 16874519
The Black Church, St Mary's Place
Dublin 7, Dublin, Ireland.
Main Email : info@registeracompanyinireland.com
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My First Million
Netflix pours more fuel on its 'fire' content
Netflix raises another $1.5 in debt as they continue to flood their platform with more original content.
Lindsey Quinn
Yesterday, Netflix put out an ambiguous brief press release saying that they plan to raise another $1.5B in debt for "general corporate purposes."
Definitely using that line the next time we need to borrow money…
The announcement lists "acquisitions, production, and development" under its umbrella of content and content activities, which means that, rather than paring back spending on their original series, they're continuing to ramp up.
Same strategy, different day
Netflix has been putting more and more debt under its pillow in hopes that the content fairy will leave it a hit series.
According to Crunchbase, prior to this round, they'd raised about $2.7B in debt post-IPO — the most recent of which was a $1.6B round of debt in fall 2017, also for general corporate purposes.
And, at least for now, it appears to be working.
They just had a big Q1
In their letter to shareholders Netflix touted $3.7B in quarterly revenue with a $290m net income.
They also gained 7.4m subscribers, beating analyst predictions by over 1m and bringing them to 125m total subscribers at the end of March.
Netflix predicts as much as $8B in content spending for 2018 — and it seems like they won't stop until they've single-handedly produced or purchased every person on the planet's favorite TV show.
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