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BMW 3-Series and 4-Series Forum (F30 / F32) | F30POST > 2012-2019 BMW 3 and 4-Series Forums > General F30 Sedan / F32 Coupe / F36 Gran Coupe Forum > BMW 4-Series Coupe (F32) 435i 428i Official Specs, Wallpapers, Videos, Photos, Info
SchwarzerReiter
Drives: 428i
Hey guys, new member here! Happy to meet you all. I wanted to make a thread about it but its probably not allowed yet because i'm new. So i wanted to ask about the carbon brakes. I'm about to buy a 428i and i was wondering whether i should get them. I dont intend to take the car for track days or whatever but damn it i kind of want to have them. Are they worth it? Will they somewhat pay for themselves with less maintance and more durability? How's their feel when you brake?
Also, 18 or 19"? I like the look of the 19 ones but i'm worried about ride quality and bumps.
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rolltidef32
National Championship #17 and Counting!
Drives: 2018 BMW i3s and 2019 X5
Originally Posted by SchwarzeReiter
Carbon Ceramic brakes for a 428i? Ahh, no dude.
Carbons are for track use and can be a horrible experience on streets. The stock brakes on an M Sport are already very good, but if you feel the need for more, the M Sport brakes are more than enough to slow the 428i.
If you want to go farther, there are other Brembo performance options for around $2400 that include bigger rotors and all the fixings.
$8K for carbons on a non ///M is just bad money. If you want the gold caliper clamps, just get them powder coated.
2018 i3s - Melbourne Red, Tera World, Ceramic Film all windows
Packs: Technology, Driver Assistance, HK Audio, Park Distance Control
Machinebuilder75.50
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Originally Posted by rolltidef32
Thanks a lot. I thought the same, that i should at least get the 335 to warrant the carbon breaks.
Any opinions about the wheels? 18 or 19 inch?
Also, i saw on the customiser that you can get the adjustable suspension on top of the M sport one. Does that actually work? Does that i mean i get the M suspension but can also switch to other modes like comfort and stuff?
I have the 19s on my 4, but took off the RFTs for Michelin Pilot Super Sports.
As for the adaptive suspension, it is called M Adaptive, so it's the same no matter the car you get it on. Yes, it allows you to set up the different modes, but mostly it affects damping. I don't have adaptive, as the standard M Suspension was what I wanted and love it. Don't need any help to drive properly.
Alpine F31
Drives: MB E350 4MATIC Estate
Location: Sherman Oaks, CA
Garage List
2014 Jeep Grand Che ... [0.00]
2015 BMW M235i (sold) [0.00]
2013 BMW 328i (sold) [5.00]
I don't know about Germany, but carbon ceramic brakes aren't even available on a 428 or 435.
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Originally Posted by Alpine F31
Maybe not as a standard option, but if you have the $8K, I'm sure a buyer and BMW can work something out.
Also, keep in mind that in Europe, a 428i is seen as very powerful, as the line starts at 418i I think.
If you order your car you can have almost anything. I had a ton of possible Configurations, they just all cost a ton.
You guys have it good in the States. Here 2000cc are usually seen as enough. Big engines arent cheap here, and the same goes for gas.
So i went by the dealer today and i only need to sort out the final details of the financing and then i'll go through with it. I asked about picking up the car from Munich and the cheapest package where you are just shown the car and then you drive out costs 500 euros. Like wtf, you travel all the way there, you have to pay the costs of driving the car home and spare them the costs and you pay 500 euros? With 700 euros they show you the car in some big screen presentation and it stands on a rotating platform and with 1000 you also get some snacks.
What a freaking rip off. With 1000 euros i'd expect Margot Robbie to ride along with you on your way home.
Here in the U.S. All of that is free. My performance delivery was free. Included track time, lunch, a little class room, car intro.
I say free, but it's in the cost somewhere
Trust that a 428i is all we need here also, but you know how we Americans are....
Good luck with your order. Make sure you get M Sport. You'll also love the 19s.
What color combo are you looking into?
I'm going for a white one with the Alcantara interior. It looked ugly in photos but when i saw it and sat in it... damn that Alcantara is amazing! Blue trim as well.
So any last thoughts about the adjustable suspension? Should i go for it? Would it make journeys more comfortable if i can switch to comfort mode or is the M suspension already good at everything and it would be a waste of money?
From what I've seen, Germany has very smooth roads. I would pass on it because I hate variable steering.
Like to do my own driving with few aids, as I'm pretty good at it.
If you can't test drive a car with DHP, it'll be like stepping into the unknown; if you hate it, you're stuck with it.
The passive M Suspension is just great. I'd spend the extra money on some good non-run flat tires.
BigChuck
Drives: 2015 328i (F30)
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waaldeex
Drives: 2016 F87 M2
Location: Hockenheim, Germany
Originally Posted by Jason
BIMMERPOST / Official Coverage
BMW 4 SeriesF32
Color Threads
Pricing/Ordering
LED Headlight Technology
Hits U.S. showrooms in Fall of 2013
Starts at $41,425
0-60 in 5.0s (435i)
Lighter by 44-99 pounds
Cd (drag coefficient) of 0.28 (lower than E92 M3)
Lowest center of gravity of any current BMW
50:50 weight distribution
Available in M Sport, Sport Line and Luxury Line
iDrive 4.2 with Touchpad Controller
U.S. Pricing (2014 Model Year)
428i Base MSRP: $41,425 (includes destination & handling)
428 xDrive Base MSRP: 43,425 (includes destination & handling)
Availability / Production
Built at Munich, Regensburg and Dingolfing plants
Coupe production begins July 2013
Convertible production begins November 2013
Coupe arrives in showrooms August-September, convertible arrives in showrooms December-January
Powertrains / Models (U.S.)
2.0L turbo inline 4 cylinder (N20)
240 hp @ 5000 RPM / 255 lb-ft torque @ 1250-4800 RPM
0-60 mph: 5.7 sec
3.0L TwinPower (twin-scroll) Turbo inline 6 cylinder (N55)
0-60 mph: 5.0sec (auto)
0-60 mph: 5.3sec (manual)
428 xDrive
0-62 mph (0-100kmh): 5.8sec
Physicals / Curb Weight / Construction
Length: 182.6 in / 4,638 mm (1 inch longer than E92 Coupe)
Width: 71.9 in / 1,825 mm (1.7 inches wider than E92 Coupe)
Height: 53.6 in / 1,362 mm (0.6 inches lower than E92 Coupe)
Wheelbase: 110.6 in / 2,810 mm (2 inches longer than E92 Coupe)
Front track: 60.8 in / 1,545 mm (1.8 inches wider than E92 Coupe)
Rear track: 62.7 in / 1,593 mm (3.1 inches wider than E92 Coupe)
Weight: Between 44 pounds (20kg) and 99 pounds (45kg) lighter than predecessor E92, depending on engine and equipment
Cd (drag coefficient): 0.28 (lower than E92 M3 Coupe)
Center of gravity: below 20 inches (500mm) - lowest CoG of any BMW currently available
Exterior / Lines / M Sport
M Sport suspension standard (RWD models only)
M Sport Brakes (optional upgrade on U.S. 435i and 428i coupes when M Sport is chosen)
M aerodynamic package (front apron, rear bumper/diffuser, side skirts)
High-gloss Shadow Line trim
Estoril Blue Metallic option only available with M Sport
M Sport 18" or optional 19" wheels (435i only)
Interior: M door sills, M leather steering wheel, M driver's footrest
Sport suspension standard (RWD models only)
High-gloss black B-pillars and window trim
Nine molded high-gloss black kidney grille slats in chrome colored surround
Three black air intakes in front apron
Black Air Breathers
18 inch or optional 19 inch wheels (435i only)
Black trim strip level with rear apron
Interior: black and red accents (such as red trim rings in instrument dial and red stitching on sport steering wheel), anthracite headliner, available Coral Red interior includes Coral Red leather sport seats, red door panel trim, red lower section for instrument panel
Eleven chrome kidney grille slats with matte black sides
Two high-gloss double bridges in front apron's outer air intakes
Chrome Air Breathers
Chrome window trim
18 inch or option 19 inch wheels (435i only)
Chrome strip in rear apron
Chrome exhaust tips
Interior: Chrome surround for audio and air conditioning system, high-gloss wood strips, leather seats w/ stitching and choice of two upholstery variants in four colors
Transmission / Steering / Efficientdynamics
8 speed automatic standard w/ paddle shifters
6 speed manual optional (no-cost)
Electric power Servotronic steering system (speed-sensitive power assistance)
Optional Variable Sport Steering (part of Dynamic Handling Package) with quicker on-center steering ratio with better turn-in during cornering
Chassis / Suspension / Brakes / Wheels
Springs and dampening, axle kinematics and elastokinematics tailored for 4 Series (although chassis construction based on F30 3 Series)
Modifications to camber angle, the track and the roll center (0.7 inch lower than 3 Series Sedan)
Particular attention paid to strengthening front section of the car
Additional strut between front axle subframe and body sill
Lightweight aluminum torque struts, wishbones, swivel bearings
Air Breathers
Cd (drag coefficient): 0.28 (same as current E92 M3 Coupe)
ConnectedDrive
Latest iDrive 4.2 [More Details]
Latest navigation system (optional)
Advanced Real Time Traffic Information
New iDrive controller with Touchpad (standard with navigation system) [Demo]
Latest generation full-color Head-Up-Display HUD
Active Driving Assistant (Lane Departure Warning included)
Active Cruise Control with Stop & Go function
Active Blind Spot Detection and Lane Departure Warning
LED High Beam Assistant [Demo]
Surround View, Side View, Top View
Note: For more details on the above highlighted features and equipment, see full press release below
Note: For preliminary U.S. options/packages preview, see dealer's 2014 BMW 4 Series Order Guide Reveals Lines, Options and Packages (customer order/price guides will come soon)
PRESS RELEASE + Expand
U.S. Specific Press Release:
The All-New BMW 4 Series Coupe
The latest chapter in the story of famous BMW Coupes.
The all-new BMW 4 Series Coupe marks the beginning of a new era for coupes at BMW. Launched as the latest generation of BMW's sporty mid-size Coupe, the new BMW 4 Series Coupe embodies the very essence of dynamics and aesthetic appeal in the premium segment. The "4" in its title headlines this new product line for the Coupe and emphasizes not only its stand-out design, but that any way you look at it, the new 4 Series Coupe represents something more than its BMW 3 Series cousins – 3+1, if you will. At the same time, as a true BMW Coupe, the new nomenclature brings the new BMW 4 Series Coupe in line with the larger 6 Series and 8 Series Coupes.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe will be offered as both a 428i, featuring BMW's award- winning TwinPower Turbo 2.0-liter 4-cylinder and as a 435i with the multi-award winning Twin Power Turbo 3.0-liter inline six. Both will be available with a standard 8-speed sport automatic or six-speed manual transmission. Both will also be offered with a choice of rear- wheel drive or with optional xDrive, BMW's intelligent all-wheel drive system. The 2014 BMW 428i Coupe will have a base MSRP of $41,425, and the 2014 BMW 435i Coupe will have a starting price of $46,925. Both prices include destination and handling. The 2014 428i xDrive Coupe and 435i xDrive will start from $43,425 and 48,925 respectively, again inclusive of destination and handling. All four variants of the BMW 4 Series Coupe will arrive in US showrooms late this summer.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe is visibly larger in width and wheelbase than the outgoing BMW 3 Series Coupe, and its stretched silhouette sits considerably lower to the road. This, together with its BMW-typical short overhangs, long hood and set-back passenger compartment with flowing roofline, give the BMW 4 Series Coupe a visual balance. The car's striking front end – with its characteristic BMW design features, such as the double- kidney grille, four round headlights and a large air intake in the front apron – is keen to display its family ties with the BMW 3 Series. New elements of the BMW 4 Series Coupe are the Air Breathers, which are positioned rearwards of the front wheel arches to reduce drag. The Coupe's muscular wheel arches and wide track give an aggressive stance, with its prominent horizontal lines.
Individual equipment lines for the interior and exterior.
The interior of the BMW 4 Series Coupe presents a combination of sporty allure and exclusivity. All the controls central to driving are arranged ergonomically around the driver ensuring comfortable access to all functions. In the rear compartment, contoured seats continue the sporty theme of the BMW 4 Series Coupe. Recessed head restraints and broad, continuously molded side supports give the rear bench the appearance of two individual seats. High-grade material combinations and finish quality accentuate the premium feel of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe. Customers can choose the Sport or Luxury Lines as alternatives to standard specification. M Sport is another alternative. All three allow visible individualization of the car's exterior and interior appearance.
Sharp driving dynamics befitting The Ultimate driving Machine
The defining characteristics of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe are its driving dynamics and aesthetics. As always, BMW engineers have placed special focus on steering accuracy, precision, linear control response, and agility to fortify the new BMW 4 Series Coupe as the latest shape of The Ultimate Driving Machine. Sophisticated chassis technology, near- perfect 50:50 weight distribution, fine-tuning in the wind tunnel, and lightweight construction all contribute to meet that goal.
The all-new BMW 4 Series Coupe has a longer wheelbase, wider track and lower ride height than the previous-generation BMW 3 Series Coupe. Its lower suspension brings the car's center of gravity down to below 20 inches (500 mm), giving it the lowest center of gravity of any car in the current BMW line-up. As a result, the new BMW 4 Series Coupe is inherently one of the sportiest series-produced cars in the BMW range.
BMW EfficientDynamics – A holistic philosophy.
In addition to its sporty driving dynamics, the new BMW 4 Series Coupe offers outstanding fuel efficiency. This is a result of the BMW EfficientDynamics development strategy, which can be found in almost every aspect of the new model. The car's lightweight construction and aerodynamic features – headlined by the groundbreaking Air Curtains and Air Breathers – also help to maximize efficiency. At its core, the new BMW 4 Series Coupe has been engineered for performance excellence, while other features including Auto Start-Stop and on-demand operation of ancillary units help lower fuel consumption and emissions as well. Use of ECO PRO mode gives the potential to cut fuel use by as much as 20 percent.
BMW ConnectedDrive.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe uses a combination of driver assistance systems and mobility services (available as standard or optional under the BMW ConnectedDrive banner) to increase safety, comfort and infotainment usage ease and convenience. Among the highlights are a new generation of BMW Navigation System, which offers extra capability, sharper graphics and 3D elements for the map display, the full-color BMW Head-Up Display; Driving Assistant Plus, which warns the driver of a potential collision with a pedestrian, the intelligent; glare-free LED High Beam Assistant and the latest iteration of BMW Active Cruise Control with Stop & Go. As far as infotainment is concerned, efficient interface technology enables the integration of smartphones and numerous Bluetooth office functions. The latter also offers the driver the option of a dictation function with full speech recognition. Each feature has been carefully integrated to minimize the chances for driver distraction while the vehicle is in motion.
Design: Timeless aesthetics blend with individuality and sporty ability.
The launch of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe marks the arrival of the latest generation of BMW's sporty premium mid-size Coupe. The BMW Concept 4 Series Coupe, which celebrated its world premiere at the NAIAS 2013 in Detroit, previewed the development of BMW's design language which can now be seen in the production model. Its styling promises a commanding presence on the road, stand-out dynamic ability and unbeatable driving pleasure. The "4" in its title spearheads this new era for the BMW Coupes and emphasizes its even sharper sporty dynamics and increased presence that place the new BMW 4 Series Coupe a step beyond the already-legendary BMW 3 Series range.
Athletic elegance, impeccable proportions.
The proportions of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe differ significantly from those of the outgoing BMW 3 Series Coupe. Although only an inch (26 mm) has been added to the car's length (182.6 in / 4,638 mm), a 2-inch (50-mm) longer wheelbase (110.6 in / 2,810 mm) and a roofline that now runs 0.6 inches (16 mm) lower than before (53.6 in / 1,362 mm) enhance the stretched coupe's profile. These dimensions combined with the BMW 4 Series Coupe's characteristically short overhangs, long hood, set-back passenger compartment and flowing roofline to produce a visually balanced silhouette. The athletic appearance of the BMW 4 Series Coupe is particularly emphasized by its 1.7inch (43-mm) increase in the width (71.9 in / 1,825 mm). Notably, the rear wheel arches mark the car's broadest point, giving a more aggressive stance. As a result, 1.8-inch-(45-mm) wider front track (110.6 in / 1,545 mm) and full 3.1 inches (80 mm) of extra width at the rear axle (62.7 in / 1,593 mm) promise – even at a standstill –further improvements in sporty characteristics for which BMW is known.
Eye-catching front end with prominently sporty contours.
Signature BMW front-end design features, such as the double-kidney grille and four round headlights, undoubtedly identify the 4 Series Coupe as a BMW. It is unmistakably the 3 Series' sibling, although the differences are apparent. The optional eye-catching full-LED headlights, with their hexagonal design, and the slightly forward-slanting BMW kidney grille form a single unit and strengthen the athletic presence of the BMW 4 Series Coupe on the road. Below the headlight line, the BMW 4 Series Coupe features a large air intake in the front apron. On the far left and right-hand edges of the air intakes are the additional small vertical apertures for the Air Curtains. These vents improve the airflow around the outside of the front wheels and help cut fuel consumption at higher speeds.
Flowing lines shape the elegantly sporty silhouette.
Its precise lines define the outline of the BMW 4 Series Coupe. The subtly sloping roofline creates a smooth transition into the rear, and accentuates the sporty profile of the flanks. The side window with frameless glass and the signature slim-line BMW Hofmeister kink at the trailing edge of the C-pillar create a dynamic visual tension. Below the windows, the double swage line – made up of two character lines running alongside each other – familiar from the BMW 3 Series along with the door sill line strengthen the body's wedge shape. The small, shrinking shadow below the swage line above the rear wheel flows directly into the flared rear wing, emphasizing the car's potential and hallmark BMW rear-wheel drive.
Located just rearwards of the BMW 4 Series Coupe's front wheels are Air Breathers designed to reduce drag around the wheel arches. The Air Breathers and Air Curtains underline the sporty character of the car's design and provide evidence of the aerodynamics devised by BMW as part of its BMW EfficientDynamics development strategy.
Prominently flared wheel arches project signature sporty character.
The sporty character of the BMW 4 Series Coupe extends into the design of the rear. The horizontal lines and stretched tail lights positioned at the outer edges of the rear draw attention to the flared wheel arches and wide track. The sloping rear window has a lowering effect on the car's tail and gives the body an even more aggressive look, and also shows off the car's shoulders. The L-shaped taillights of the BMW 4 Series Coupe flow into the car's overall design. They continue the path of the swage line from the flanks, creating a link to the rear end.
Interior.
The interior of the BMW 4 Series Coupe incorporates sporty styling and pure quality together. In the front of the cabin, an approach known as layering – i.e. the utilization of space through the structuring of lines and surfaces into layers – gives the cabin a driver orientation without excluding the front passenger. All the controls central to driving are arranged ergonomically around the driver providing ready access to all functions. Automatic seat belt valets, a Sport steering wheel, circular instruments in black-panel look and the free-standing, flat-screen iDrive monitor give a sense of functional elegance. The iDrive Controller – properly located for easy reach on the center console – and the armrest between the front seats give the cabin usability and comfort.
The dynamic horizontal lines of the instrument panel extend into the optional two-tone door and side panel trim, wrapping around the driver and front passenger. In the rear compartment, contoured seats bring the sportiness of the 4 Series Coupe to all passengers. Recessed head restraints and continuously molded side supports give the rear bench the appearance of two separate seats.
The backrest of the BMW 4 Series Coupe's rear seat can be folded down in 40:20:40 segments. Folding down the center segment creates a large through-loading gap, which can accommodate several pairs of skis or snowboards while still allowing space for four people on board. A BMW ski or snowboard bag is available from the BMW Accessories catalogue. The trunk can also be opened remotely using the optional Smart Opener as part of the Comfort Access feature; a short movement of the foot under the center of the rear bumper is all it takes to raise the trunklid.
Sport and Luxury Lines as well as M Sport available for personalization.
High-class material combinations, exclusive colors and opportunities for personalization define the premium feel inside the new BMW 4 Series Coupe. As well as the basic trim level, whose material and color concept accentuates the car's classic character; customers have a choice of two BMW Lines as well as the popular M Sport to add individual touches to the car's exterior and interior. The Sport Line and Luxury Line embody different takes on the car's character, adapting the design and color scheme for the kidney grille and air intakes, exterior mirror caps, Air Breathers, trim strips in the front and rear apron, door sill strips and range of wheel rims to set the car apart externally from the basic trim level.
Sport Line: The Sport Line adds extra depth to the BMW 4 Series Coupe with a selection of exterior body features in high-gloss black. A sport suspension is included for rear-wheel drive models, setting an exciting tone for the driving experience. The standard high-gloss black B-pillars and black wrap-around window strip give the car an even sportier look, along with nine molded high-gloss black kidney grille slats in a chrome-colored surround. The three black air intakes in the front apron and the likewise black Air Breathers draw the eye to the car's aerodynamic features. 18-inch or optional 19-inch light-alloy wheels (435i only) in twin-spoke design provide a more performance-oriented look. From the rear, the BMW 4 Series Coupe with Sport Line can be identified by the black trim strip level with the rear apron and the black exhaust tips. Inside the car, black and red accents, such as the red trim rings in the inner circle of the instrument dials and red stitching on the sport steering wheel, provide a pronounced contrast. An anthracite-colored headliner is also included to reduce sun glare during dynamic driving. The available Coral Red interior includes Coral Red leather sport seats, red door panel trim and a red lower section for the instrument panel.
Luxury Line: High-gloss chrome touches give the exterior of the BMW 4 Series Coupe a particularly elegant and exclusive appeal. 11 kidney grille slats with chromed fronts and matte black sides, two high-gloss double bridges in the front apron's outer air intakes and chromed Air Breathers all offer elegant touches. The chrome window surround is another visual highlight, with special 18-inch or optional 19-inch light-alloy wheels (435i only) available. The BMW 4 Series Coupe Luxury Line is recognized from the rear by a high-gloss chrome strip in the rear apron and the chrome exhaust tips. The interior also stands out with various chrome elements, such as the surround for the audio and air conditioning system. High-gloss wood strips, leather seats with stitching and a choice of two upholstery variants in four colors highlight the possibilities in the Luxury Line. Exclusively available for the BMW 4 Series, Ash Grain anthracite fine wood trim surfaces and a Pearl Gloss Chrome metal inlay round off the Luxury Line features.
M Sport: Customers wishing to endow their new BMW 4 Series Coupe with as much traditional Driving Machine character as possible may opt for M Sport. It includes an M aerodynamic package including numerous body components (front apron with large air intakes, rear bumper with diffuser, side skirts) and high-gloss Shadow Line trim. The exterior paint shade Estoril Blue Metallic is available only with M Sport on the 4 Series Coupe. M Sport is further distinguished by 18-inch or optional 19-inch light-alloy wheels (435i only) in M design. Inside, features such as M door sill finishers, an M leather steering wheel and an M driver's footrest complete the atmosphere. Technical features of this package include M Sport suspension (rear-wheel drive models only) and M Sport Brakes (also a stand-alone option on all 435i Coupes and an optional upgrade on 428i Coupe when M Sport is chosen) which includes calipers painted in blue finish.
Hallmark BMW set-up makes the difference.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe benefits from BMW's customary approach of splitting steering and drive forces between the front and rear axles, which is the ideal platform for balanced driving characteristics, directional stability and agile handling. It also has a 50:50 weight distribution, which sets it apart from its competitors. Taking into account its low center of gravity, unique chassis set-up and lightweight construction, the 4 Series Coupe is an exceptionally dynamic overall package which will satisfy every type of driver.
A rigorous focus on sports performance.
The chassis construction of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe is based on that of the latest BMW 3 Series Sedan, although its springs and damping, axle kinematics and elastokinematics have all been tailored precisely to the engaging character of the new Coupe. The chassis engineers have managed to make further improvements to the agility and accuracy offered by the chassis, thanks to modification and fine-tuning of variables such as the camber angle, the track and the roll center. Particular attention was paid to strengthening the front section of the car help to further enhance steering precision and feedback.
Double-pivot strut-type front suspension with anti-roll bar.
The front suspension of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe combines maximum stiffness with minimum weight. Aluminum torque struts, wishbones and swivel bearings bring a reduction in unsprung weight. At the same time, the engineers optimized the kinematics of the double-pivot suspension for agility and precision. Adjusting the position of the control arms in the swivel bearings from their arrangement on the latest BMW 3 Series Sedan gives the car a .7-inch (19-mm) lower roll center, which has a positive effect on driving performance.
An additional strut between the front axle subframe and body sill creates a stiffer overall connection between the front wheels and the car's main structure, so the transverse forces generated on entry into corners are transferred to the car more directly. The BMW 4 Series Coupe responds more directly to the driver's steering commands and displays more sporty characteristics and greater agility. And that means it carves through corners with ease and precision.
Five-link rear suspension enhances the car's engaging character.
The rear axle of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe is a key component in its driving characteristics, but that does not mean comfort has been overlooked. This construction is based on the five-link concept, and its elastokinematics have been tuned specially for this sports coupe. In addition, extra-wide mounts and supports on the wheel carriers for track and camber, slightly repositioned pivot points, stiff control arms and suspension subframes, and the use of thrust arms to connect the suspension with the body all provide an excellent basis for an extremely sporty and dynamically exceptional overall set-up. The result is precise and assured wheel location, directional stability in any driving situation. Aerodynamic features around the rear suspension also contribute to driving precision.
Servotronic steering standard, Variable Sport steering optional.
A standard feature of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe is the Servotronic system which provides speed-sensitive power assistance. The system's precise programming results in sharper steering feel, feedback, precision, accuracy and immediate response. The new BMW 4 Series Coupe can also be equipped with Variable Sport steering as part of the optional Dynamic Handling Package. This provides a somewhat "quicker" on-center steering ratio which then varies depending on the amount of steering "lock" (angle) applied by the driver. The result is even more-lively steering during the "turn-in" phase of cornering, and excellent stability mid-corner and on corner exit.
Powerful standard braking systems with lightweight construction.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe comes equipped with powerful swing-caliper or fixed-caliper brakes and large, inner-vented brake discs. The calipers on the front brakes are made of aluminum. As well as low unsprung weight, the brakes also stand out with their high heat tolerance, excellent wet braking performance, ease of use and excellent feel. A brake pad wear indicator and the Brake Drying function are standard on all models.
Intelligent lightweight construction concept and aerodynamic fine-tuning.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe's lightweight construction makes a contribution to the car's performance qualities. The use of high- and ultra-high-strength multi-phase steels maximizes the body's strength, without driving up the weight.
Components which are central to rigidity are made from micro-alloyed steels. The body's front end is 60 percent more rigid than that of the outgoing BMW 3 Series Coupe and so has benefits beyond agility and steering precision alone. Most impressively, the new BMW 4 Series Coupe tips the scales at up to 99 lb (45 kg) less than its predecessor, depending on the engine and equipment specified, despite having grown significantly in terms of dimensions.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe highlights its aerodynamic qualities with a Cd (drag coefficient) of 0.28. Changes to the front apron and the rear of the car have gotten the coupe aerodynamic lift qualities that match the figures of the current BMW M3 Coupe. Another factor here is the design of the underbody: the aerodynamically-optimized structure incorporates smooth panels extending to the sides, under the engine compartment shield and around the front section of the exhaust tunnel. Together, they seal the underbody to the wind.
Air Curtains and Air Breathers.
The aerodynamic fine-tuning process is incorporated in every area of the body. The BMW Air Curtains in the front apron reduce turbulence – and therefore drag – around the front wheels. The wheel arches and the air deflectors in front of them were also designed with aerodynamics in mind. The new Air Breathers positioned rearwards of the front wheel arches divert some of the air flowing through the wheel arches, thereby reducing air resistance.
M Sport suspension, adaptive suspension and M Sport brakes.
The M Sport suspension included is part of the Sport Line and M Sport. It works with a firmer spring/shock absorber set-up and stiffer anti-roll bars, and its kinematics/ elastokinematics (bushings and bearings) have also been tweaked to suit the new BMW 4 Series Coupe. The M Sport suspension also includes 18-inch or optional (435i only) 19- inch light-alloy wheels. Alternatively, customers can select a lowered (non-xDrive models) Adaptive suspension, included in the Dynamic Handling Package, which adjusts the electronic damper mapping to each road surface and driving situation. The driver can also use the Driving Experience Control switch to vary the basic suspension settings between comfort and sport, according to personal preference. For performance-minded customers, BMW offers the M Sport Brakes. The aluminum fixed calipers (four-piston at the front, two- piston at the rear) and large discs combine low weight with short stopping distances.
Driving Experience Control switch with ECO PRO mode: extra-sporty or efficient driving modes at the touch of a button.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe also offers drivers the ability to change between sporty, eco or comfort settings, depending on mood or preference. Using the Driving Experience Control switch with ECO PRO mode on the center console, drivers can select between ECO PRO, COMFORT, SPORT or SPORT+ (most models). Each of these selections will activate different settings for the powertrain and suspension components.
In SPORT mode, throttle response is improved and the steering becomes more direct. If the automatic transmission is fitted, the gearshift points are also altered for sportier driving. Depending on the car's specification, different settings can be selected for the powertrain and chassis components. In SPORT+ mode, the Dynamic Stability Control thresholds are raised and Dynamic Traction Control (DTC) is activated. The electronic limited-slip function for the rear differential can then provide better acceleration out of corners or sharp bends.
Powerful engines maximize dynamic performance.
Owning a coupe reflects a driver's passion for elegant lines, performance driving and high- class dynamics. The state-of-the-art powertrain technology under the skin of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe ensures it delivers an engaging driving experience that satisfies even the most demanding expectations.
Longitudinally front-mounted, inline engines powering the rear wheels continue BMW's tradition in creating a drive concept that delivers great driving pleasure. Both engines available for the new BMW 4 Series Coupe use BMW TwinPower Turbo technology, which combines sporty performance characteristics with improved efficiency. Available from launch are an inline six-cylinder engine for the BMW 435i Coupe and a four-cylinder unit for the BMW 428i Coupe. These award-winning engines not only supply the BMW 4 Series Coupe with outstanding acceleration and elasticity, they also keep the cars weight down to improve driving dynamics and lower fuel consumption.
The elite athlete: award-winning inline six-cylinder engine.
The new BMW 435i Coupe gives full value to performance-minded drivers thanks to a refined high-revving inline-six engine with instant power delivery and great fuel efficiency. Equipped with High Precision Direct Injection and Valvetronic fully variable valve control, the 3.0-liter engine with aluminum crankcase develops maximum output of 300 hp between 5,800 and 6,000 rpm. Peak torque of 300 lb-ft is generated at 1,200 rpm and remains on tap up to 5,000 rpm.
The multi-award winning six-cylinder engine allows the new BMW 435i Coupe to accelerate from 0-60 in just 5.3 seconds with the 6-speed manual transmission, and only 5 seconds with the 8-speed automatic, on the way to an electronically limited 250 km/h (155 mph) top speed, when equipped with performance tires.
Low weight, high performance: the four-cylinder for the BMW 428i Coupe.
Smooth power delivery, available torque, high revs and low weight define the 2.0-liter four- cylinder turbocharged engine. BMW's engine technology package – including High Precision Direct Injection, twin-scroll turbocharging, Double-VANOS variable camshaft control and Valvetronic throttle-less intake technology – offers high performance potential combined with low fuel consumption and emissions.
The cutting-edge four-cylinder engine of the new BMW 428i Coupe generates maximum output of 240 hp at 5,000 – 6,500 rpm and peak torque of 255 lb-ft, which the driver can access between 1,250 and 4,800 rpm. This allows the 428i to sprint from 0 to 60 in 5.7 seconds and has an electronically limited top speed of 250 km/h (155 mph), when equipped with summer performance tires. The engine gives a smooth power delivery from the moment it spins above idle to the upper regions of its engine speed range along an almost linear curve.
Optional 6-speed manual transmission.
The no-cost optional 6-speed manual transmission features easy gear changes, precise shift travel and optimum gear spacing for the new BMW 4 Series Coupe (not available for 428i xDrive). For spirited drivers, the interface where the power from the engine is relayed to the drivetrain is critical to maximizing the car's performance. The manual transmission uses its high shift quality to allow for powerful sprints and rapid, short bursts of speed, and also helps to reduce fuel consumption.
8-speed Sport automatic transmission.
The high-performance 8-speed automatic transmission – with its extra gears, quick gear changes and delightful shift comfort – is perfectly matched to the character of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe. With only small changes in rpm between gear ratios, the ideal gear is on hand in virtually any situation out on the road. Many technical features and internal efficiencies ensure powerful acceleration and short bursts of speed are possible with no additional fuel consumption over the manual transmission. The 8-speed automatic's intelligent control technology enables quick shift and reaction times and direct downshift capability. Drivers may also shift gears using paddles on the steering wheel. Drivers can choose between Normal and Sport transmission modes using the gear shift lever or the Driving Experience Control switch.
BMW xDrive: intelligent all-wheel drive available as an option.
As an alternative to rear-wheel drive, the BMW 435i Coupe and BMW 428i Coupe can also be specified with BMW xDrive intelligent all-wheel drive. As well as sharing all the traditional virtues of all-wheel-drive systems – such as increased traction, safety and the optimum transfer of engine power to the road – BMW xDrive can also reduce oversteer or understeer that may occur in cornering situations. In the process, it enhances agility and precision, e.g. when turning into corners or when accelerating strongly out of them.
Auto Start Stop, Brake Energy Regeneration, ECO PRO mode.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe comes with the Auto Start Stop function. Another standard feature is Brake Energy Regeneration, which ensures that – as far as possible – power for the vehicle's electrical system is generated during braking and coasting. ECO PRO mode is effective in helping the BMW 4 Series Coupe driver maintain an efficient and economical driving style. As well as tweaking the accelerator's responses and the engine management system, ECO PRO also benefits from intelligent energy and climate management. The system gives the driver tips and ideas – relevant to the driving situation at hand – on how to reduce fuel consumption even further through adjustments in personal driving style. Average fuel consumption can be cut by up to 20 percent in ECO PRO mode, with a corresponding boost to the car's range on a tank of fuel.
On-demand operation of ancillary units saves energy.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe's ancillary components also play a role in the car's intelligent energy management. Examples include the on-demand coolant pump, the map-controlled oil pump and the Electric Power Steering system, which only consumes electricity when steering assistance is actually required. The special air conditioning compressor works on the same principle. As soon as the driver switches the air conditioning off, the belt drive to the compressor is disconnected to minimize power drain.
Intelligent lightweight design reduces fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.
The use of lightweight materials makes a significant contribution to efficiency and agility, and helps to give BMW cars their impressive dynamic capability. Weight savings can be found in every area of the development process. As well as the use of plastics and cutting- edge composite materials, the increased deployment of aluminum components in the engine and chassis construction has also reduced the weight of the corresponding assemblies. The results are impressive: although the new BMW 4 Series Coupe has grown in terms of dimensions, it's between 44 lb (20 kg) and 99 lb (45 kg) lighter than its predecessor.
BMW Assist: Standard with 10 years of eCall with enhanced Automatic Collision Notification and BMW Teleservice.
BMW Assist will be standard on the new 4 Series Coupe. It will include 10 years of eCall emergency calling and enhanced Automatic Collision Notification as well as BMW Teleservice. BMW Assist eCall includes enhanced Automatic Collision Notification, which includes the groundbreaking Urgency Algorithm, developed in cooperation with the William Lehman Injury Research Center in Miami. In addition to the vehicle's exact position and direction of travel, details of the vehicle model and all the data gathered by the sensors in the car are relayed to the call center as well. This information provides indications as to the nature and severity of the collision, while the deployment of the car's restraint systems gives an idea of the number of people injured and allows frontal, rear, side or even multiple collisions to be identified and differentiated. The Urgency Algorithm transmits the likelihood of severe injury. On the basis of all accident-related data, the call center decides which and how many emergency services are required at the accident site (e.g. doctor, paramedic, fire brigade, helicopter). The data also enables the first responders to alert the appropriate medical care for those involved in the accident before they have even arrived at the scene. The call center will also stay in contact with the vehicle's occupants until the emergency services arrive, speaking to them in their native language where possible. As well as automatic activation, the system also allows the driver or front passenger to trigger the emergency call manually in order to help other road users in distress by alerting the call center.
TeleService tells the driver if and when maintenance is required. Fixed service intervals become a thing of the past, because the intelligent maintenance system, Condition Based Service, constantly monitors your vehicle's service needs. When necessary, the vehicle communicates service-relevant data to the nearest BMW Service Center by making an Automatic BMW TeleService Call.
BMW iDrive: The BMW 4 Series Coupe gets the latest version
BMW's groundbreaking user interface has undergone constant improvement and development since its inception in 2002. On the heels of its most recent update, BMW's iDrive will see significant enhancements for model year 2014. Not only will more models receive the latest iDrive 4.2, but the system gets enhancements that improve the user experience in the areas of navigation, Advanced Real Time Traffic Information, connectivity, entertainment, online access and voice commands. One example is the ability to engage automatic time setting. When active, the time will automatically be adjusted for Daylight Saving or Standard time as well as changes in time zone while traveling.
BMW Navigation – Touchpad, Point-of-Interest voice search and enhanced route tailoring among highlights
The latest BMW navigation system, which is optional on the new BMW 4 Series Coupe, has received many enhancements.
Before setting out, the prescribed route can be tailored to avoid certain areas, for example, if the user anticipates heavy traffic or knows of construction on that route. The system will recalculate the route to avoid the selected area. Multiple areas to avoid can be selected for a given route and the size of coverage is fully adjustable.
The online Google search function has been enhanced for customers who subscribe to BMW Online. Users can now search for points-of-interest (POI) via voice. Once the user has spoken their POI, the navigation system can then guide the driver to their desired destination.
Advanced Real Time Traffic Information was significantly enhanced for iDrive 4.2 to provide a clearer view of traffic congestion using green, yellow and red indicators along the route to indicate the degree to which roads are clear or congested. The traffic incident view has been enhanced again to provide more precise indications in red of the specific location of stopped traffic.
When equipped with the BMW navigation system, the new 4 Series Coupe will include the new iDrive controller with Touchpad. The touchpad is integrated into the top of the controller and does not require a separate location. Phone numbers, contact names and address can be written out directly on the touchpad. The user can seamlessly switch between the touchpad and the controller while information is being entered. The touchpad can also be used to zoom in and out on the interactive map.
High-res projection in color: the Head-Up Display.
One of the highlights of the new BMW 4 Series Coupe is the latest-generation full-color Head-Up Display. HUD projects key information onto the windshield to appear directly in the driver's field of view to minimize the time the driver has to look away from the road. Depending on the vehicle specification, not only is the current speed displayed, but speed limits and passing restrictions are also flashed up for the driver's benefit, along with navigation instructions and various warning messages. The variety of driver assistance systems available for the new BMW 4 Series Coupe brings the amount of information that can be shown in the Head-Up Display to a whole new level. The intensity of the projections adapts automatically to the light conditions and follows the illumination of the cockpit dials. The positioning of the projections on the windscreen can also be adjusted using the iDrive Controller.
Active Driving Assistant warns the driver of a possible collision with pedestrians.
A camera fitted to the rear-view mirror scans in front of the vehicle and uses image processing to detect any people or vehicles within its field of vision. When it recognizes a risk of collision with the vehicle in front, the system produces an audible warning and a visual signal appears in the instrument cluster or the optional Head-Up Display (if specified) to alert the driver. Should a collision be unavoidable, automatic moderate hazard braking is actuated. During urban journeys in sufficient light conditions, if the system detects a potential collision with a pedestrian, it warns the driver and, if necessary, triggers automatic hazard braking. In both cases – in addition to the warnings – the vehicle's brakes are automatically primed for emergency braking and the activation thresholds of the Brake Assist system are lowered. The Lane Departure Warning system is also a part of the Driving Assistant option.
A system of many talents: Active Cruise Control with Stop & Go function.
The latest development stage of the familiar Active Cruise Control with Stop & Go function (ACC Stop & Go) uses a front-mounted camera on the rear-view mirror in addition to the full-range radar sensors to provide an enhanced interpretation of the traffic situation ahead. When driving in slow-moving traffic or traffic jams, the driver is able to safely move along with the flow of traffic and let the vehicle's automatic systems handle the tasks of stopping, pulling away again and approaching junctions where there are already vehicles waiting ahead. Combining radar and video data in this way improves detection of other vehicles and reduces the system's reaction time. If a vehicle ahead brakes very sharply in free-flowing traffic, requiring the driver to take action, he or she is prompted to do so by a two-stage warning. Active Cruise Control with automatic distance control is now available at speeds between 20 and 130 mph (30 km/h and 210 km/h). The intelligent cruise control function remains active at speeds above 130 mph (210 km/h).
Using sensors and camera monitoring: Active Blind Spot Detection and Lane Departure Warning systems.
Among the convenience and safety-enhancing assistance systems on offer are Active Blind Sport Detection and Lane Departure Warning, with the latter available as part of the Active Driving Assistant option. These systems use radar sensors and camera monitoring to alert drivers to potential collision risks when changing lanes or if they veer out of lane unintentionally. It also issues a warning when driving too close to the vehicle ahead.
LED High Beam Assistant with intelligent control.
The BMW 4 Series Coupe is available with the option of full-LED headlights, which provide a further safety boost when driving at night. The optional High Beam Assistant in conjunction with full-LED headlights ensures that the driver can enjoy optimal visibility at all times without having to switch manually between high and low beam. The High Beam Assistant adapts to the traffic situation by switching to low beam on one or both sides.
Superb overview not just when parking: Surround View, Side View, Top View and Parking Assistant.
In addition to the rear view camera and Park Distance Control, customers are also able to get the Surround View function with Side View and Top View, which provides a bird's-eye view of the BMW 4 Series Coupe and the area around it. It enables the driver to carry out precise maneuvers in tight spaces. If the car is moving at a speed under 12 mph (20 km/h), the Side View function can additionally be activated to allow the driver to keep an eye on cross-traffic. Another convenience system is the Parking Assistant system, which is able to maneuver the car into parking spaces parallel to the direction of travel. All the driver has to do is operate the accelerator and brake pedal while the Parking Assistant takes care of the steering.
The new BMW 4 Series Coupe is a technical tour-de-force which is, at its heart a true BMW Sport Coupe. The 2014 428i Coupe and 435i Coupe will arrive in US showroom late this summer.
Sport Line - Mineral Gray
Sport Line - Red and White
F32 4 Series Coupe
4 Series Coupes
435i Modern Line
435i Sport Line
435i Coupe M Sport xDrive
435i Coupe M Sport
Melbourne Red 4 Series M Sport
4 Series M Sport - Glacier Silver
Estoril Blue 428i M Sport
Black 428i Sport Line
182.6in.
4638mm.
71.9in.
Track (f)
Track (r)
Weight, unladden (435i)
3494.3lbs.
1585kg.
ESTORIL BLUE II
GLACIER SILVER
MELBOURNE RED
MINERAL GRAY
MINERAL WHITE
ORION SILVER
Also see: 2014 4 Series M Performance Price Guide
The M Performance Parts available for the F32 4 Series include:
The BMW M Performance Power Kit ( PPK ):
BMW 420d (+12Kw, +40Nm) / (+16hp, +30 lb-ft)
BMW 435i (+25kW, +50Nm) / (+34hp, +37 lb-ft)
• M Performance Exhaust system (available 428i and 435i) with chrome tailpipes or carbon fiber tips (for 435i)
• M Performance Limited-slip differential
• M Performance Suspension
• M Performance brakes (red, yellow or orange calipers)
• M Performance light alloy wheels
• 18-inch winter complete wheel sets in double-spoke design
• Black kidney grilles
• Rear diffuser
• Side sill foils with M Performance inscription,
• M Performance side stripes
• Carbon fiber front splitters
• Carbon fiber mirror caps
• Carbon fiber rear spoiler
• M Performance sports steering wheel with red central marking or Race • Display in 12 o'clock position
• Carbon fiber manual gear lever and handbrake handle with alcantara gaiter
• Carbon fiber gear selector switch of the automatic transmission
• Interior strips in carbon and alcantara
• High-grade steel pedals
• M Performance floor mats
4 Series M Performance Parts
BMW 4 Series M Performance Parts
* Click to download 2014 4 Series Coupe price guide *
2014 4 Series Coupe U.S. Pricing and Ordering Guides: http://f30.bimmerpost.com/forums/sho...d.php?t=857035
Click on image for PDF:
We recently asked for your questions regarding the BMW 4 Series[/URL][/B] and we brought those (together with some of our own) to the drive launch for the F32. Big thanks to all the gracious BMW representatives who patiently answered our questions.
Here's what we were able to find out for BIMMERPOST members.
Are there suspension or steering tweaks/improvements in the F32 compared to the F30?
The F32 is much more rigid than the F30. One way BMW has done this is by using a different suspension with extra V- or X- bracing from the subframes going back to the car's chassis. Also, the entire suspension is different from the F30. We know this car will be mostly driven with two people aboard and in a sporting way. Therefore, we have tuned the suspension for the performance minded driver who needs a coupe that can hold four people occasionally. BMW has tested its competitors car's chassis, and we (BMW) have the highest torsional rigidity in this class of car.
The F32's electric power steering has different programming to allow for a sportier experience.
How do the lower center of gravity and other suspension tweaks impact handling specifically?
While it's not something you can really feel, it's something you CAN measure. In a slalom or emergency lane change maneuver, it can be measured. The F32 is about 0.5 mph faster in a slalom (than the F30) and the car is more stable under a emergency lane change because the center of gravity is much lower than that on a F30.
Does the coupe still have sport suspension as standard?
No. It really was not standard on the e92 either (only initially when the car first launched). The F32 will come with a standard suspension, with two dynamic settings: Sport and Comfort. M Sport cars will have the same ride height as the standard suspension -- this is something new. Also, xDrive models will have a slightly higher ride height due to their use for driving on snow and ice.
Does the xDrive suspension on the 4 series have the same calibration as the F30's xDrive suspension calibration?
No, the F32 suspensions are all new in their tuning/damping.
Why is the xDrive version of the 435i faster than the non xDrive version, yet the same is not so for the 428i compared to the 428i xDrive?
Well... xDrive only adds about 70Kg's of weight to the car. And it really aids in low traction situations... so it should be no wonder why a car would be faster in acceleration from a stand still than a 2 wheel drive car. But, it should be noted that xDrive does add some weight where you really do not need added weight - in the nose of the car. This is why the M brand has deemed it less than "pure" for use in M models. But, for people who live in snowy areas... this is an acceptable trade-off for added traction in winter conditions.
How much more rigid is the 4 Series chassis than the E92 3 Series Coupe?
It is 60% more rigid, due to the use of added suspension cross bracing on the front and rear subframes linking the suspension with the car's chassis. We spend a lot of time on this - making the two door coupe stiffer.
How do the times around the Nurburgring compare to a similarly configured F30?
The coupe is faster than the sedan, but we do not have any 'Ring lap times to give you in terms of xx time vs yy lap times. We can say the F32 coupe is faster than the sedan due to the above mentioned chassis improvements.
Can we expect a M435i model in the future?
No plans of yet.
Any possibility for DCT transmission in the future?
No. The DCT will be for M models. The latest eight speed ZF automatic shifts so fast and cleanly, we do not see the need for a DCT.
It was rumored last generation that the coupes would form the 4 Series, but it was scrapped. What was it that made it happen this time around?
Not really my dept... so I can not answer as to why now. But, back then we did not have a X6 nor a 6 Series Gran Coupe, so the even numbering is fitting in with our model hierarchy. I think it makes it easier for the customer to know an even number is a coupe (or coupe-like) form and that odd numbers are our sedan models.
Any particular reason for the hood cutline position being in the middle of the hood instead of where it joins the grilles? Is there a technical reason for it?
There are a lot of reasons why, but mostly it is for pedestrian crash rules here in the EU and in the USA. We have to have "soft" areas in the front of the car and the only way to do this is to have that "cutline". We even make the hood of the car "softer" or more "friendly" to pedestrians impacts and design preformed crush areas of the hood for EU or US crash standards. But it's all a compromise, so we try to build a car that can meet all the modern day requirements today's car must meet and excel in.
* Some of the above has been paraphrased and are not word-for-word quotes.
I hope you are well!
Next year I am planning on getting myself a either a 430d or 435d. Many friends have said to me, including a BMW dealership salesman, that the power-value ratio for the 435d is not great enough to warrant it over the 430d. What do you all think - should I aim for a 435d or a 430d?
I look forward to your advice and expertise - many thanks in advance.
Find More Posts by waaldeex
neils
Drives: 435i xDrive
Hello, potential new (pre-owned) owner here of a 2014 435i xDrive. Hoping to be able to create a new thread to find out what are the differences between a 2014 and 2015 435i. With many 428's and 435's coming back from lease contracts, I am seeing quite a few 2014 and 2015's on the lot.
Assuming same M Sport model, what are the tech and package differences between a 2014 M Sport 435 and 2015 M Sport 435.
Again, if this reply allows me to post a new thread, will do so
Find More Posts by neils
DarthVaderCy
Drives: bmw 435
i think thats a great car
Find More Posts by DarthVaderCy
FAKAZA2018
Drives: mercedes
Bmw 4-series
The Fakaza BMW 4-SERIES car is really slick for Amapiano songs and Fakaza2018
Find More Posts by FAKAZA2018
MannyBMW13
Mechanical Engineer, Car enthusiast
Drives: 2014 BMW 435i MSport XDrive
Location: Cambridge Ontario Canada
Great Thread
Hey, this is a great thread displaying all of the information about these cars.
I drive an 435i Msport Xdrive, I am currently looking to upgrade the downpipe and or exhaust.
Find More Posts by MannyBMW13
PaulPav
Drives: 420d M Sport
New here. Will be posting some questions as considering my first BMW.
Find More Posts by PaulPav
Drives: BMW 428i M-Sport
Location: Long-Island New York
Selling a Trunk Spoiler
Im selling a 4 Series F32 M4 Style Painted ABS Trunk Spoiler-OEM Painted Mineral Grey. Color Code B39.
Condition is Excellent, no scratches.
Im in Long-Island, New York Area.
Find More Posts by Prince3

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Light on Publications, 9781732506602, 340pp.
An enchanting, inspirational story set in 1950s New York City with Jesse, a 6 year-old, orphaned boy of comic charms and soul-lighting wisdom. He is raised by his beloved Irish gypsy grandmother, Dearie, who owns her own theater, and his uncle Conor, who is studying at the Actors Studio. They reside in a lively apartment building, where Jesse has friends, both young and old, in a melting pot of neighbors with the lingering accents of their old countries.
Jesse loves to solve a puzzle, and he alights on a jig-saw of a mystery twisting around his other "disappeared" grandmother. It becomes his quest to find her, and with imagination and unflappable determination, his inborn magic touches everyone around him in many an adventure.
Jesse has his ups and downs in curious riddles and emotional challenges, all swirling through a world of theater, music, classic literature and gypsy storytelling. His everyday magic is celebrated and guided by the wisdom and humor of his precious grandmother, Dearie, and the true meaning of love's blessings flows through Jesse's quest, finding its way into his joy and inner light.


How to correctly turn-off the Mio 10?
How do these audio interfaces appear to Windows?
Can My iConnectivityMIDI4+ Support All My MIDI Gadgets?
Auracle 1.3.2 not starting on any of my systems?
iConnectivity 12 - WINDOWS8 - no outputs in Ableton Live - URGENT HELP needed.
Auracle no longer opening after crashing many times before.


Keepers welcomed a new arrival to ZSL London Zoo yesterday – strapping Sumatran tiger Asim, who has moved to the Zoo as a new mate for resident female, Melati.
Arriving in style on Tuesday 29 January from Ree Park Safari in Denmark, Asim was chauffeured to the Zoo in a custom-designed travel crate filled with top-notch tiger travel essentials - warm straw, climate control, snacks and drinks.
ZSL London Zoo's head tiger keeper Kathryn Sanders said: "Asim arrived yesterday after catching the ferry from France and immediately made himself at home in his new, cosy den.
"He got up bright and early this morning and got to work exploring his territory - we've spotted him lounging on his heated rocks and even dipping his paws in his new swimming pool.
"In the wild, the male always approaches the female's habitat when looking for a mate: at the moment Asim and Melati can see and smell each other from their separate paddocks - it's important to let Asim get to know his new surroundings before we formally introduce them.
Seven-year-old Asim, whose name means 'Protector' in Arabic, was matched with Melati through the European Endangered Species Programme (EEP) for Sumatran tigers, which is coordinated by ZSL London Zoo's experts and aims to save the species from extinction.
Asim arrived on the same day as the Zoo's previous male, Jae Jae, made his own move to French zoo Le Parc des Félins, where he will hopefully also start a new family.
Visit ZSL London Zoo's newest arrival, Asim and meet the Zoo's 19,000 other residents this February.


The Office of Patient Advocacy serves as the liaison between patients and the hospital in their expressions of praise or concern so that moral, ethical, operational and care standards are upheld on behalf of NECHC patients.
Patients, families, visitors or staff can contact the office of Patient Advocacy with a concern.
If you have a problem that you cannot solve with your doctor, nurse or other caregiver, please call the Office of Patient Advocacy at 617-643-8106.
Hours: 9:00am to 5:00PM Mon thru Fri.


Ceremonial groundbreaking at Good Hope Library on Sept. 18, 2018. This state of the art 17,500 square foot library will be mixed use with affordable housing units.
Group of stakeholders at ceremonial groundbreaking of Good Hope Library.This state of the art 17,500 square foot library helps accomplish that with an expanded, flexible community room and makers space.
Press event at ceremonial groundbreaking of Good Hope Library, a mixed-use project that includes affordable housing. This state of the art 17,500 square foot library will give visitors greater access to computers and technology.
Alderwoman Lewis speaks to the public and news media at Good Hope Library ceremonial groundbreaking.
Alderwoman Chantia Lewis invites Milwaukee business owners to partake in a survey regarding their experience and interest in city contracting. Milwaukee's City Accelerator team developed the survey to identify current and future contractors, including minority and women-owned businesses interested in contracting with the City of Milwaukee. All businesses are encouraged to fill-out the survey link below.
Join Alderwoman Chantia Lewis in her effort to draw more business to District 9. Together we can spread the word this New Year about the New 9th. Share your positive experiences living and working in the 9th District at #New9thMKE. We look forward to seeing your photos and tweets!
The Granville Charette has been Revealed!
We have waited for more than a decade for the revitalization of our beloved Granville neighborhood. The hard work and love put into the designs are evident when you see the final Charette report. If you have not seen what the future looks like yet, please take a look at the final report and if you have any comments or feedback at all please do not hesitate to email or call!
Learn more about the Granville Charette.
Learn more about the Granville Charette Final Report and vision for the area.
One of the things we on the council worked hard to put into action was the "All Things in Common" Initative. The "All Things in Common" initiative makes it easier for residents to access important resources. These centers of community involvement not only provide direct services like group-based mentoring, but referrals to city services and in-kind resources provided by our philanthropic partners. Community members will be able to get connected with a wide-range of services such as driver's license recovery, or child support mediation. Please consider accessing this great resource!


1,400 students served preschool thru age twenty-two.
90 special education teachers or specialists district-wide.
200+ paraprofessionals provide support to our students.
Professional development and training opportunities for all staff.
Offer a systematic approach that cultivates experts who are able to offer a premier progressive educational program for our students.
Offer parenting classes year round.
We are a Regionalized Provider for surrounding districts.


Why can't I send multiple emails with Sendblaster and a Gmail address?
I have tried to send bulk email via Sendblaster using a Gmail address and Gmail SMTP server but it sends only few emails and then sends me a faileddevilvery message for other emails. Does anyone know a fix?


text:
Brendan Largay, Head of School
Post Date: February 28, 2020
Learning From the Complicated Legacy of Dr. Seuss
I haven't yet met the person who can't recall with vivid detail their earliest encounters with the joyful and lyrical language of Dr. Theodore Seuss Geisel, affectionately known as Dr. Seuss. His stories shaped the memories for so many of their earliest days as a reader and learner. They playfully tumble from the lips of parents reading Yertle the Turtle or Horton Hears a Who to their children.
For me, the story of The Lorax—that curious and rather crotchety old orange creature that emerges from a fallen Truffula Tree telling of the perils of mistreating the environment—is more than a mere childhood memory. The bright colors, whimsical artwork, and delightful rhythm and rhyme of Seuss's tales are reminders of the nature of childhood itself. His work often offers a clear depiction of right and wrong, and perhaps more remarkably, also explores the gray area between. Indeed, who doesn't appreciate the arrival of Thing #1 and Thing #2, even as they terrorize the home and bathtub of the children who so adore them?
This personal connection has provided important context for me as an educator, especially in recent years, where the legacy of Dr. Seuss has become more complicated. The review of his now-infamous artwork, drawn before the days of Mulberry Street or The Sneetches, has been recognized as politically charged and racist. Several articles have explored the complicated legacy of this man and his works. As each emerged, I felt a terrible discomfort as some of my fondest childhood memories were reshaped by the history of the man who crafted them. As the challenge to Seuss's legacy became more visible to the common eye of the public, so too did Seuss's public apology—referenced here—in which he took account for his work, and how he had grown, changed, and learned since those days.
As an educator, the power of a growth mindset, of the ability to move forward and learn from the mistakes we have made, allows me to take comfort in an apology that restored my faith in Bartholomew Cubbins.
As we embark on several celebrations of Dr. Seuss's work here at Belmont Day, let's consider the cognitive and emotional dissonance that results from awareness of the injury and pain inflicted by a beloved author. There is tension between the man, his work, and his legacy. I believe that this complexity contributes to the value of teaching of Dr. Seuss. For kindergarteners and first graders who will celebrate Seuss week, their journey of language, art, and wonder will be something to behold. Whether our students arrive at school with wockets in their pockets or with socks on a fox, they will revel in the study of language and literacy with a most joyful guide. Earlier this year, third graders explored social justice and social bias with The Sneetches, a story that makes conversations around similarity and difference accessible to students. It is hard not to see the irony of Seuss's legacy there. Our seventh and eighth grade actors will present Seussical JR. in March. For middle schoolers, whether through performance or discussion, the layers of Seuss make great fodder for an intellectual debate of whether one can grow beyond their complicated legacy, and to what extent they are accountable for their earliest actions.
Through it all, however, one thing is certain, with Dr. Seuss, there is no telling all the places you'll go.
A Few (of My Own) Words About ChatGPT
I was recently reminded in a conversation with a lower school parent of an anecdote about how
Celebrating the Lunar New Year
"What is your favorite holiday?" While Halloween, Independence Day, or Valentine's Day are likely favorites for many
Honoring Dr. King with a Pledge to Take Action
Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice. Justice at its best is love
Now that we are back from what I hope was a relaxing and joyful break, I offer
Teaching Triads: Innovative PD in The Schoolhouse
"Teaching is a delicate, nuanced art, and though books and workshops offer all kinds of interesting ideas
On Tuesday, we will gather for our annual Thanksgiving assembly—an opportunity to express gratitude as a community.
State of the School 2022
On Wednesday, November 9, we gathered in the Palandjian Arts Center for the State of the School


Prices for extensions and braids are available upon consultation.
Clip-in hair extensions come with free installation if purchased at The Cut and Color Lounge.
Offsite services( in room) are priced double with a minimum charge of $100 and include a mandatory 20% gratuity charge. Prices are exclusive of the mandatory 20% gratuity charge and require a 50% deposit when booking the appointment.
In case of cancellations, please inform us at least 48 hours ahead of schedule or the deposit will be forfeited.
For services that are not listed above, please call to schedule a consultation.


This is a placeholder page for Edward Chong, which means this person is not currently on this site. We do suggest using the tools below to find Edward Chong.
You are visiting the placeholder page for Edward Chong. This page is here because someone used our placeholder utility to look for Edward Chong. We created this page automatically in hopes Edward Chong would find it. If you are not Edward Chong, but are an alumni of Peachtree Ridge High School, register on this site for free now.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


After almost six months of troubles, Congressman Ami Bera (D - Elk Grove) finally saw a glimmer of hope in his reelection bid with yesterday's primary results.
With all precincts in the Seventh California Congressional District reporting, but not yet official, Bera won 53.25-percent, or 55,922 votes over his Republican challenger, Sacramento County Sheriff Scott Jones, who garnered 46.58-percent, or 48,921 of the votes.
To casual observers, this might seem like a narrow primary victory by Bera given his incumbent status. However, the history of this district since 2010, and more significantly in 2012 when lines were redrawn, indicates this is a large margin of victory.
In the 2010 losing general election challenge of Republican Dan Lungren, Bera lost in the primary by a 58 to 40-percent margin in a field of five candidates. In the 2012 primary, the gap narrowed in Lungren's favor to 53 to 41-percent in a four-candidate field.
The 2014 primary saw Bera earn 47-percent of the vote against three Republican primary challengers - Igor Birman, Elizabeth Emken, and Doug Ose - who collectively captured 51-percent of the vote.
With the exception of his 2010 general election loss, Bera went on to win in 2014 and 2016 general elections by the narrowest of margin despite having never captured more votes than his Republican challenger[s] during the primary.
Having suffered numerous endorsement problems from within local Democratic organizations and the indictment and guilty plea of his father for election fraud, Bera, and his campaign staff are undoubtedly breathing a sigh of relief today.
On the other side, the Jones campaign must be concerned that they lost in the primary election which usually draws more conservative, older voters to the poll. Given the candidates who will be on the top of the ballot in what is considered one of the most competitive Congressional districts in the country, Jones will have his work cut out for himself when younger and more liberal voters turn for the Presidential election.
The one thing missing from this primary election on both sides was a massive advertising, and a large-scale get-out-the-vote operations will be launched. Given the vast amount of money poured into the district in 2014, we can expect lots of independent expenditures committee ads bombarding us on the radio, TV, and our mobile devices and that could affect the outcome.
The above photo was from Bera's 2014 primary night election rally in Elk Grove.


Is it time to travel in Italy? Then it's time to learn how to handle common situations that you are likely to encounter when visiting our country–meeting people, ordering in a coffee shop or restaurant, buying bus, train or museum tickets, shopping. Role playing these situations, you will learn to use key words and phrases, so as to get more from your vacation.
The class is intended for students with little or no previous exposure to Italian.
This workshop gives you the opportunity to review the core elements of basic Italian, master the rules, and increase and memorize your vocabulary.
Through exercises, games, and roleplaying, learning Italian is just plain fun.
While this workshop is intended for elementary students, intermediate and advanced students are welcome to attend.
In this workshop, we will answer some of the following questions: is the Italian dictionary a hotel for foreign words? Is that a sign of openness or provincialism? Is it an evolution or a corruption of our "Bella Lingua"?
The class is intended for high intermediate and advanced students.


This spectacular Giant Mansion commercial climbing frame has everything you need to feel comfortable in this large house. The shop gives you the option to sell delicious sand cakes and you can take the slide down into the property's beautiful garden. The amazing ladders with grippable rungs enable you to climb straight up to the high tower. From there residents can view the whole city. The highlights are the two wheels mounted next to each other, which allow you to take part in sailing races, and the two sloping chimneys on the roof. This is the tower where dreams really come true!
Have you ever wondered why commercial playground equipment is so expensive? At Wickey we have too, which is why we set ourselves a goal of creating a professional and high-quality solution that is still affordable. Take a good look at our solid wood construction, our unique design and so many options for fun and games and you'll be amazed by the prices for our Wickey GIANT series.


Two Recent Research Studies Demonstrate: (1) Sunlight PROTECTS against Pancreatic Cancer; (2) Vitamin D DOES NOT Protect against Pancreatic Cancer.
Research published in the Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology demonstrates that there is a strong inverse relationship between exposure to sunlight and the risk of pancreatic cancer, one of the very deadliest cancers. The researchers assessed the association between sun exposure and the incidence of pancreatic cancer worldwide. Those living in countries closer to the equator would be expected to have greater sunlight exposure that those who lived in darker northern or southern countries. The investigators, however, took it one step further; they adjusted the data for cloudiness, which allowed them to determine if the sunnier countries with greater cloudiness had populations with greater pancreatic cancer risk than those sunnier countries with few clouds, and also the influence of clouds in countries farther from the equator.


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Home » pendidikan » Distribution of Flora & Fauna in Indonesia with Pictures Included
Distribution of Flora & Fauna in Indonesia with Pictures Included
Distribution of Flora and Fauna in Indonesia – Indonesia is a country that has the highest biodiversity in the world. As an Indonesian, we are duly proud and maintain and preserve biodiversity Indonesian owned.
Biodiversity in Indonesia is due to the Indonesian region consists of many islands, besides Indonesia is located in the tropics which has 2 seasons alone. This is what manjadikan tropical areas have higher biodiversity than subtropical regions (temperate climate) and the polar regions (polar climate).
For comparison of biological keanekaragamah example, in the area of the same, if the tropical rain forest was found was found about 300 species of trees, the forest temperate climate (subtropical) found only one or two types of pohohn. Therefore, Indonesia has the highest biodiversity in the world, in addition to Brazil and Zaire.
The high biodiversity in Indonesia shows that Indonesia is rich with flora and fauna. Estimated wealth of flora in Indonesia there are more than 400 species of trees of commercial value (economic) and approximately 25,000 species of flowering plants. In addition, Indonesia also has about 4,000 species of about 12,000 species of ferns in the world, about 4,000 to 12,000 species of about 47,000 species of fungi in the world, and has approximately 3,000 species of about 15,000 species of mosses and liverworts in the world.
Indonesian faunal diversity is also very high. Proven Indonesia ranked first in the number of species of mammals of the world, which is about 515 species, among which there are 185 species of endemic and butterflies and birds of about 121 species, ranking third for reptiles about 600 species, ranking fourth for birds around 1,520 of whom there are more of the 380 endemic species and ranks fifth for amphibians about 270 species.
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of certain living creatures in certain environments on earth. Distribution of flora and fauna are determined by geographic location, such as altitude, latitude and climatic conditions, such as rainfall, temperature, and light radiation. Based on the fauna and flora, biogeography can be divided into two, namely the spread of animal and plant distribution.
Based on the flora and fauna, biogeography can be divided into two, namely the distribution of plant and animal distribution.
Distribution flora
Flora (plants) covering a particular region called vegetation. Distribution of flora is determined by geological factors, geographical (such as altitude and latitude) and precipitation. The higher somewhere above sea level and located further away from the latitude, where the temperature decreases. Every increase in altitude of 100 meters above sea level and the increase in the latitude of 1º, the regional temperature will drop 5ºC.
Various kinds of vegetation and characteristics as follows.
1) Tundra, has the characteristics of grass vegetation and lichens (Lichenes) and found in Scandinavia, Russia, Siberia and Canada.
2) Taiga, have the characteristics of rain forest vegetation needles (conifers) and found in Scandinavia, Alaska, Canada and Siberia.
3) Forest molt (4 seasons), has the characteristics of forest vegetation is green in the summer and shed its leaves in the winter. Contained in temperate zones, such as Europe, parts of Asia and the Americas.
4) Grassland, has the characteristics of the vegetation without trees, plants such as grasses (Graminae). Contained in the Hungarian region, North America, Argentina and southern Russia.
5) Vegetation desert, has the characteristics of the vegetation with the number of trees that grow very little is drought resistant plant species (Xerophyte), flowering and fruiting in a short time (efermer). Contained in the Gobi desert region (PRC), the Sahara desert (North Africa), Kalahari desert (South Africa)
6) Sabana, has the characteristics of grassland vegetation and trees. Found in parts of Asia, Australia and Indonesian.
7) Tropical rainforests, have characteristics of evergreen vegetation, tall trees, species very much, there are plants that stick (epiphytes) and other tree climbing plant (liana). Found in parts of Asia, Africa, Indonesia, and South America.
8) The mangrove forests, has the characteristics of vegetation roots of breath due to poor soil and water of oxygen, for example Mangroves (Rhizipora), firewood (Avicinea) and Sonneratia / drought resistant plant species (Xerophyte). Found in tropical and subtropical regions in the tidal zone where the ramps on the beach.
9) Forest moss, has characteristics moss and vegetation found in mountainous areas.
Distribution fauna
Indonesian territory is divided into two regions zoogeography, namely oriental zones and zones of Australia. Which includes zoogeography oriental area is the western part of Indonesia, while the eastern part of the region zoogeography including Australia.
Historically, the western Indonesian fused with eastern Asia and Indonesia together with the Australian continent. So it is not surprising that animals and plants in western Indonesia are similar to animals and plants in the Southeast Asian or oriental. Animals and plants in eastern Indonesia are similar to animals and plants are located in areas biography of the Australian continent.
Based on the zone, then there are 3 regions distribution of fauna in Indonesia.
1. Fauna Asiatis (oriental)
The area includes parts of western Indonesia region of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan and Bali. Fauna Asiatis shows similarities with Asian fauna. Here there are mammals (mammals) are large, such as elephant, buffalo, rhino and tiger. Another example is the same kind as the Sumatran elephant Indian elephant. Rhinoceros found in India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Java. Fauna Indonesia western region is often called the Sunda Shoal fauna. The types of fauna in the western part of Indonesia can be seen in the following table.
2. Fauna Australis
This region is often called the Sunda region Shoal fauna. Covers fauna found in the eastern part of the Indonesian Island of Papua and the Aru Islands. The fauna of this area is similar to the Australian fauna. Marsupial animals such as wallabies (kangaroos) and various birds found in Papua. Tree kangaroos in Papua are also found in Australia. While birds of paradise in Papua are also found in Papua New Guinea and Australia.
3. Fauna Transition
The area includes Sulawesi, Maluku and Nusa Tenggara whole. Asiatis types of fauna and fauna are also Australis fauna species that are not on both. For example such as dwarf buffalo, hog deer in Sulawesi and Komodo dragons on Komodo Island.
Examples of other fauna, among others, hog deer, dugongs, tarsiers, monkeys, black, cows, bulls, and horses. Reptiles include lizards, crocodiles, turtles and snakes. Bird species include gods, king prawns, bee-eaters, and hornbills.
Thus a glimpse of Distribution Flora and Fauna in Indonesia, continue to increase the knowledge biologimu, may be useful.
Distribution of Flora & Fauna in Indonesia with Pictures Included | admin | 4.5
14 Asas-Asas Ekologi, TERLENGKAP!
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We have grocery stores but not right in Standish-Ericcson. I want to be able to get the produce I need for dinner every day from this location. Fresh produce every day and nothing more. This could be a super simple and thriving store filled with locals getting their daily produce.


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The Politics of Secularism: Religion, Diversity, and Institutional Change in France and Turkey
Lecture | November 1 | 12:30-2 p.m. | 340 Stephens Hall
Speaker: Murat Akan, Associate Professor of Political Science and International Relations, Boğaziçi University
Sponsor: Center for Middle Eastern Studies
Join the CMES for a book talk by Murat Akan, Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science and International Relations at Boğaziçi University.
Book Abstract: Discussions of modernity—or alternative and multiple modernities—often hinge on the question of secularism, especially how it travels outside its original European context. Too often, attempts to answer this question either imagine a universal model derived from the history of Western Europe, which neglects the experience of much of the world, or emphasize a local, non-European context that limits the potential for comparison. In this book, Murat Akan reframes the question of secularism, exploring its presence both outside and inside Europe and offering a rich empirical account of how it moves across borders and through time.
Akan uses France and Turkey to analyze political actors' comparative discussions of secularism, struggles for power, and historical contextual constraints at potential moments of institutional change. France and Turkey are critical sites of secularism: France exemplifies European political modernity, and Turkey has long been the model of secularism in a Muslim-majority country. Akan analyzes prominent debates in both countries on topics such as the visibility of the headscarf and other religious symbols, religion courses in the public school curriculum, and state salaries for clerics and imams. Akan lays out the institutional struggles between three distinct political currents—anti-clericalism, liberalism, and what he terms state-civil religionism—detailing the nuances of how political movements articulate the boundary between the secular and the religious. Disputing the prevalent idea that diversity is a new challenge to secularism and focusing on comparison itself as part of the politics of secularism, this book makes a major contribution to understanding secular politics and its limits.
Speaker Bio: Murat Akan is Associate Professor of Comparative Politics, Political Theory, and Turkish Politics in the Department of Political Science and International Relations at Boğaziçi University, Istanbul. He received his Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University in 2005. He was a non-residential post-doctoral research fellow with the University of Amsterdam on the "Culturalization of Citizenship" project between 2009-2012, and a guest researcher in-residence at the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity in 2012-2013 on a scholarship from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey. His research covers secularism, democracy, religion, institutions, minority issues, constitutions, social movements, and French and Turkish politics. His work has appeared in the British Journal of Sociology, Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, Studies in Comparative International Development, Journal of Constitutional Law (AYHD), French Cultural Studies, and Philosophy and Social Criticism.
Event contact: cmes@berkeley.edu, 510-642-8208


What guides what we tell and what we owe to our subjects?
I've been thinking a lot about ethics in non-fiction video production and storytelling over the past couple of years, in particular. For a lot of people, video production means just setting up and pointing a camera, getting some good light on the subject and… Voilá! Put this clip next to that clip and you have a video! In reality, there are so many more levels to this than most of us realize. There are at least 4-5 different major software applications for editing, alone, with different values and variables for each. But one big component of video production which distinguishes elite producers from those still learning is ethics. (I know, I used to think ethics was boring, but it's pretty exciting, actually!) This will probably be a multi-part (at least 2-part) series, so I will keep these posts fairly simple.
To begin, ethics means a lot more than "right or wrong," when it comes to representing people. With the DSLR revolution in video production, many people previously accustomed to knowing a video camera when they see one are now often unaware they are being video-graphed. Does this change the rules? At the least, should we ask if people are okay with video being taken of them? One major consideration is that they will no longer be "candid" or natural and this will change the value of the video for the shooter. But this is just one of the ways ethics is important and is a slight digression from the point of this post.
Tony Sermone. Photo by Sandra Sermone, mother.
Just over two years ago, I was approached by some researchers at Duke University to try to tell the stories of families in a study group affiliated with Duke Hospital. Specifically, the study looks at rare genetic disorders among young children and what can be learned by examining the part of the genome which codes for proteins. Some of the disorders are extremely troubling and difficult to talk about, while others are fairly mild and the children look essentially "normal" to the casual observer. So, first question: Are you comfortable having the story of your child/family being told with close examination for an unknown audience to view? If so, the bigger question is how to go about this respectfully.
After having the families sign HIPAA release forms and forms acknowledging their willful participation, the plan was to send them audio recorders and provide a way for them to send us photos. We wanted them to tell their own stories, given the nature of their stories. Quickly, we realized that this was a problem, mainly because the families spend almost all of their time taking care of the children or organizing most aspects of their lives around that central responsibility. (This made perfect sense, but would have been difficult to anticipate.) The solution then became buying some good pro-sumercameras, which could be sent to the families for their own recording, and to precede or succeed that with a visit to interview them and see them in their daily lives.
This would necessarily be on the terms of the families themselves. When and how might this happen? Luckily, as producer/director/primary photographer, I was in a position to interact with each family as the primary point person. And I have had experience in living with people with different abilities from myself. So, I took the primary approach of meeting them where they are.
This non-judgmental approach to journalism, in general, and interviews, in particular, is how I begin many stories. I have found that it's often the best way to get to the essence of "what's really going on," without any pre-conceived filtered twist. What is going on in your life and what do you want to tell me? This is exactly how I approached these families, letting them know that I wanted to help them tell their stories and that they were fully in control of when to stop/start/turn/back-up.
Nearly 18 months after starting that process, a 67-minute feature documentary is fully edited and ready for distribution — telling the stories of 9 families, all of whom are happy with the ways they are represented. The editor of the film commented numerous times to me that he was amazed how much the families opened themselves to me and how much they said that should have been difficult to elicit. But I told him that the project was always about the families controlling their own stories. The earned trust of the families reveals itself in the emotional connection of the film. And that achievement on an ethical level means the film is successful.


Fire Siege Fortress Slot by NetEnt - Neat looking slot with medieval theme!
NetEnt is rightfully thought of as a leading name in iGaming. This company is known for its inventions and innovations when it comes to online slots. If you want to play online slots – then you can seldom err if you pick a NetEnt game. Their games are almost all fantastic with great replay value. If you're interested in learning more about NetEnt's games, then read this review. It will give you more information about Fire Siege Fortress.
Fire Siege Fortress is the first game made by NetEnt that has a medieval theme. As you all know, the medieval period is known for the castles and the sieges. So, this is exactly what the theme of Fire Siege Fortress is all about. The background of the game is a castle – and the symbols are placed within its confines. A medieval, animated soldier is standing on the left side of the reel. We're really impressed with the visual appeal of practically all the NetEnt games. If you love great animations and beautiful visuals – you can try Fire Siege Fortress by NetEnt.
The game has 5 reels. However, the number of rows is not equal. The first, third, and fifth reels have 4 rows each. The second and fourth reel have only 3 rows. This adds up for some interesting combinations. There are, in total, 576 ways in which you can make a winning combination in this game. The lowest bet is 0.20 coins and the biggest is 200 coins. The game's RTP rate is 96.01. Select your bet size and you're good to play.
What NetEnt's games are known about are the special features. And Fire Siege Fortress is no exception to the rule. There is a number of different special features available in this game. The first feature is the scatter symbol. If you get three of these, then you activate free spins. When the winning scatter is in the top first, third, or fourth reel – it gives 6 free spins. If it's anywhere else – it gives 3 free spins.
If you get two scatters of which one is to be found in the top reels, then you activate either free spins or the coin feature. Now you can activate the free spins feature – then you get 3 free spins. The coin will win you 5x of your bet. And there's a wild symbol that replaces all symbols but the scatter. There's the archer attack, dragon breath, and trebuchet assault features. These features get activated depending on where a wild symbol lands. You will get expanding or randomly triggered wilds.
Fire Siege Fortress is not one of NetEnt's best games. However, this doesn't mean that this game is bad. In fact, it can be quite enjoyable. There are many reasons why you would enjoy playing this game. Be sure to try this game out.