text:
Facebook's Moderation 'Mistakes' Silence Palestinian Voices
News Abed Kataya Al Jazeera, bias, Content Moderation, Digital Rights, Facebook, Gaza, Gaza, Oversight Board, Palestine September 21, 2021 September 21, 2021
On September 14, Facebook's Oversight Board issued a decision to restore a post originally published by Al-Jazeera's Facebook page, featuring members of Al-Qassam Brigades – Hamas's military wing – during the latest round of Israeli aggression on Gaza last May.
"Upon reviewing case No. FB-UA-009-2021, the Oversight Board concluded that the post does not represent a violation to the Community Standards concerning 'Dangerous Individuals and Organizations,'" stated Facebook.
Ironically, the company had claimed that "it was unable to explain why two human reviewers originally judged the content to violate this policy," arguing that "moderators are not required to record their reasoning for individual content decisions."
Withholding Information from the Oversight Board
What was more alarming is Facebook's ambiguous response to the Oversight Board's inquiry regarding Israeli requests of content takedown. The social media giant denied receiving any official requests for content removal by Israel, but it refused to comment on unofficial requests!
"Calling on the Oversight Board to audit Facebook's practices with respect to pro-Palestinian content is a positive step and has been one of civil society's long-standing demands," believes Dia Kayali from Mnemonic. "Nevertheless, the Board's unbinding decision may fall on semi-deaf ears with Facebook." Kayali argues that "the company has been displaying a reluctant commitment to transparency – even with the Oversight Board – and has dodged the latter's questions on the Israeli Occupation's unofficial requests."
SMEX's Majd Al-Shihabi, member of an online group advocating for Palestinian digital rights, finds that the Oversight Board's decision does not come as a surprise. "It was evident that the board would decide on the case, as this is the trivial step to take after challenging Facebook's decision to remove content." However, according to Al-Shihabi, the question remains: "How will the Board's decision reflect on Facebook's policies? And how will it be enforced?"
He expects that the company will have to make tough choices, especially when it lacks the nuanced experience needed to implement such a decision in the Arab-speaking region. Evidently, Facebook has failed to dedicate sufficient technical and financial resources to address any challenges this decision may entail.
A Futile Apology
After it had been shared by a user from Egypt with 15,000 followers, Facebook removed the post arguing that it represents an incitement to violence by Al-Qassam Brigades under the Dangerous Individuals and Organizations Community Standard. Note that it was shared during the most recent atrocities in Gaza, where Israeli carpet-bombed entire neighborhoods, killing 256 Palestinians and displacing nearly 120,000 Gazans.
In response, the Egyptian user challenged the decision and filed a complaint to the Oversight Board, forcing it to further investigate the case. It took Facebook five months to conclude that it had removed the post by "mistake" and has since then restored it. Upon examining the appeal, the Oversight Board found that the original post published by the Al-Jazeera network was never deleted, and that the news piece was of interest to the public. The Board also noted that "individuals have as much right to repost news stories as media organisations have to publish them in the first place."
Israeli Defense Minister Benny Gantz met with Facebook and Tiktok representatives on May 15, at the peak of the Israeli aggression on Gaza. Only after news of the meeting had been leaked – causing the company major embarrassment – did Facebook agree to meet with representatives of Palestinian Authorities.
At the end of May, Facebook announced that it will establish a Special Team responsible for responding to content inquiries pertaining to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, 24/7. It then issued an apology to the Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammed Shtayyeh "for complaints about removing Palestinian posts tackling the conflict with Israel."
At the same time, complaints against social media channels' bias against Palestinian voices, particularly on Facebook's platforms, grew exponentially during the latest attacks on Gaza and the West Bank. SMEX, along with a number of human rights organizations around the world, filed a global petition and launched an ongoing campaign urging these platforms to stop silencing Palestinian voices online.
Nevertheless, in the case minutes, the Oversight Board stated that Facebook has failed to provide satisfying answers to its questions on banning some Palestinian activists' posts.
Non-binding Recommendations and Empty Promises
The Oversight Board proposed the following non-binding recommendations to Facebook:
"Add criteria and illustrative examples to its Dangerous Individuals and Organisations policy to increase understanding of the exceptions for neutral discussion, condemnation and news reporting."
"Ensure swift translation of updates to the Community Standards into all available languages."
"Engage an independent entity not associated with either side of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict to conduct a thorough examination to determine whether Facebook's content moderation in Arabic and Hebrew, including its use of automation, have been applied without bias. This examination should review not only the treatment of Palestinian or pro-Palestinian content, but also content that incites violence against any potential targets, no matter their nationality, ethnicity, religion or belief, or political opinion. The review should look at content posted by Facebook users located in and outside of Israel and the Palestinian Occupied Territories. The report and its conclusions should be made public."
"Formalise a transparent process on how it receives and responds to all government requests for content removal, and ensure that they are included in transparency reporting. The transparency reporting should distinguish government requests that led to removals for violations of the Community Standards from requests that led to removal or geo-blocking for violating local law, in addition to requests that led to no action."
In an appendix to case No. FB-UA-009-2021, and after Facebook had restored the deleted post based on the Oversight Board's recommendation, the latter requested further clarifications within 30 days on the following:
whether content removal is in line with the company's Community Standards, its declared values, and its commitment to human rights;
how the implementation of Facebook's policies affects information-sharing regarding the Palestinian cause;
and whether Facebook's policies amount to censorship against vulnerable groups in the region.
The Board also announced that it will be receiving the public's comments to expand perspectives and make a better-informed decision with regards to this case.
For its part, Facebook stated that "it will implement the Board's decision as soon as deliberations are over," without mentioning whether it will take any further action in relation to the remaining recommendations.
Unfortunately, it is unclear whether Facebook will adhere to the Oversight Board's recommendations, as the latter are non-binding to the parent company and its subsidiaries.
Facebook continues to make empty promises to the Oversight Board, the public and human rights organizations alike. In reality, giving voice to minorities and groups in conflict-fueled regions is not among Facebook's priorities. The numerous scandals surrounding the company, particularly in relation to the implementation of its policies, including the most recent leak of a document reporting that many public figures are exempted from relevant community standards, continue to expose the company's double-standards and hypocritical stances.
Abed Kataya
Digital Content Manager at SMEX. Digital safety trainer and freelance journalist. Interested in technology, economics and entrepreneurship. Follow him on Twitter @kataya_abd.


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Security/Projects/Minion
Minion Overview
Minion is an open source Security Automation platform. The 0.3 release of Minion allows Development, QA, and Security team members to perform automated web security scans with a set of tools, and re-execute those scans as needed.
The 0.3 release incorporates significant changes, including a migration away from Django and Bootstrap to a Flask and Angular.js based application. It also involves significant improvements in back-end performance and scaling, and an updated plugin architecture.
This is the first Minion release that is ready for large scale adoption with access management features to constrain which users can access scan results, and an invitation system to actively engage new users.
Minion Principles
Minion should be easy to use.
A user should be able to log into Minion and immediately start to launch scans against sites available to them. Results should be easy to discover and contain detailed explanations.
The target audience for Minion should be developers
Developers should be able to use Minion the moment they have code written that can be tested. The initial focus will be on supporting web applications and services, but this should extend to other applications with the cohort feature set. The initial guidance surfaced by the default reporting engine should be useful, accurate, and actionable by developers, and meaningful to other audiences (QA, Security, Management).
Minion is a platform, not a security tool
Minion is an extensible platform that allows automation of security tasks. As such the focus should be on providing strong abstractions and a reliable, extensible platform without binding the platform to a specific suite of tools. All security testing functionality should be external to Minion and implemented via plugins.
Minion is scalable and extensible
It should be simple to add support for unsupported tools. In addition to the ease with which plugins can be authored, the plugin architecture must isolate plugin related issues from the core platform and allow delegation out to separate infrastructure, and must support scaling from small teams to enterprises that may deliver services to third parties.
Minion is a secure tool
Ongoing security testing and security assessment should be performed on Minion. Major releases and milestones should be accompanied with a detailed explanation of data collected, and risks or threats posed by the tools and plugins that are shipped by the core development team.
Minion is open
Minion is an open source platform, and the core team actively encourages developers, security professionals, and interested parties to provide feedback and feature requests.
The Minion Front-End is an Angular.js based application that invokes a set of API on the backend. The backend is comprised of a set of services that are collectively referred to as the Task Engine, and a set of plugins. The architecture is designed to be distributed so the plugins can run on any platform that can expose the correct API, ensuring that tools can be incorporated into Minion regardless of operating system dependencies.
Site Ownership Verification
Results Reporting Improvements
Reporting Plugins
Deferred Execution Plugins
Scan Intensity Level
Cohort PoC
Historical Issue Tracking
Interpolation Engine
Common Configuration Schema (Extending DEX-JSON)
Site and User Data Privacy
Minion Event Model Extensions (simple extensibility)
Scramble - interactive script for generating plugins
This information is preserved from an early iteration of the project. The information is obsolete and in most cases invalid, but the core concepts remain the same.
Task Engine
Plugin Service
All of the following are publicly accessible:
Source code: https://github.com/mozilla/minion
Email list: http://groups.google.com/group/mozilla-minion-dev
Security/Projects/Minion/Roadmap
We also use the #websectools channel on irc.mozilla.org
Minion Virtual Machine
You can find instructions and tools to build a Minion virtual machine on Github.
You can find most of us on #websectools or on Github.
April King (april)
Stefan Arentz (st3fan)
Simon Bennetts (psiinon)
Yeuk Hon Wong (yeukhon)
Mark Goodwin (mgoodwin)
Yvan Boily (yvan)
List of plugins
The following projects are optional plugins for minion that add more functionality or wrap existing tools:
https://github.com/mozilla/minion-zap-plugin
https://github.com/mozilla/minion-ssl-plugin
https://github.com/mozilla/minion-skipfish-plugin
https://github.com/mozilla/minion-nmap-plugin
https://github.com/mozilla/minion-breach-plugin
https://github.com/mozilla/minion-garmr-plugin
https://github.com/mozilla/minion-zest-plugin
Retrieved from "https://wiki.mozilla.org/index.php?title=Security/Projects/Minion&oldid=1092359"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


(OMAHA, Nebraska — February 3, 2014) The years 1900 to 1945 — the Postromantic and early Modernist era — gave us the the richest and most varied spectrum of style and expression in classical music's long history. Music from this period will be performed at the "British, Russian, and Viennese Viola Music from 1926" recital presented by the Vesper Concerts series in cooperation with The Linnell Foundation for Music History, 3 p.m. Sunday Febraury 9th, at Presbyterian Church of the Cross in Omaha.
Omaha Symphony principal violist Thomas Kluge and principal keyboardist Christi Zuniga will perform Six Studies on English Folk Song by Ralph Vaughan Williams and the Viola Sonata no. 1 by Nikolai Roslavets. Omaha Symphony concertmaster Susanna Perry Gilmore will join them for the final piece on the program: the Piano Trio in F-Sharp Minor by Robert Fuchs. All three works were composed in 1926.
These pieces represent three distinct trends in the classical music of the 1920's: interest in the world's folk traditions, avant-garde Modernist experimentation, and the continuation of the Romantic ethos of the previous century.
Kluge chose the program in consultation with The Linnell Foundation's A Year in Classical Music project. A Year in Classical Music is an innovative approach to the repertoire that studies composers' work one year of music history at a time. Explore the A Year in Classical Music website and podcasts at ayicm.com.
There is no admission charge for Vesper Concerts performances; donations to the organization will be accepted at the door, at 1517 S. 114 St., or through the Vesper Concerts website, vesperconcerts.org.


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text:
Legislative Media Archive
Statutes Laws Rules Bills
Revisor Intranet Attorney Drafting Areas Staff Directory Office Duties Publications Meetings Educational Seminars Employment Openings Order Publications
2014, Regular Session
Minnesota Session Laws - 2014, Regular Session
Back to Session
Keyword Search 2014, Regular Session
Session Index (Topics)
Session Laws Amended, Repealed, etc. (Table 1)
Statutes New, Amended or Repealed (Table 2)
Veto Information
History and Authors
Key: (1) language to be deleted (2) new language
CHAPTER 277--S.F.No. 2192
relating to environment; prohibiting and regulating certain lead and mercury products; modifying ban on formaldehyde in children's products; prohibiting certain cleaning products containing triclosan;
amending Minnesota Statutes 2012, sections 115A.932, subdivision 1; 116.92, subdivisions 4, 5, 6, 8j, by adding a subdivision; Minnesota Statutes 2013 Supplement, sections 325F.176; 325F.177; proposing coding for new law in Minnesota Statutes, chapters 116; 145.
Minnesota Statutes 2012, section 115A.932, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
Subdivision 1.
Prohibitions and recycling requirements.
(a) A person may not place mercury or a thermostat, thermometer, electric switch, appliance, gauge, medical or scientific instrument, fluorescent or high-intensity discharge lamp, electric relay, or other electrical mercury-containing device or product, as defined under section 116.92, subdivision 10, from which the mercury has not been removed for reuse or recycling:
(1) in solid waste; or
(2) in a wastewater disposal system.
(b) A person may not knowingly place mercury or a thermostat, thermometer, electric switch, appliance, gauge, medical or scientific instrument, fluorescent or high-intensity discharge lamp, electric relay, or other electrical mercury-containing device or product, as defined under section 116.92, subdivision 10, from which the mercury has not been removed for reuse or recycling:
(1) in a solid waste processing facility; or
(2) in a solid waste disposal facility.
(c) A fluorescent or high-intensity discharge lamp must be recycled by delivery of the lamp to a lamp recycling facility, as defined in section 116.93, subdivision 1, or to a facility that collects and stores lamps for the purpose of delivering them to a lamp recycling facility, including, but not limited to, a household hazardous waste collection or recycling facility, retailer take-back and utility provider program sites, or other sites designated by an electric utility under section 216B.241, subdivisions 2 and 4.
Sec. 2.
Minnesota Statutes 2012, section 116.92, subdivision 4, is amended to read:
Subd. 4.
Removal from service; products containing mercury.
(a) When an item listed in subdivision 3 this section is removed from service, the mercury in the item must be reused, recycled, or otherwise managed to ensure compliance with section 115A.932.
(b) A person who is in the business of replacing or repairing an item listed in subdivision 3 this section in households shall ensure, or deliver the item to a facility that will ensure, that the mercury contained in an item that is replaced or repaired is reused or recycled or otherwise managed in compliance with section 115A.932.
(c) A person may not crush a motor vehicle unless the person has first made a good faith effort to remove all of the mercury switches in the motor vehicle.
(d) An item managed according to the requirements of this section must be transported in a container designed to prevent the escape of mercury into the environment by volatilization or any other means.
Thermostats.
(a) The definitions in this paragraph apply to this subdivision:
(1) "contractor" means a person engaged in the business of installing, servicing, or removing thermostats and other heating, ventilation, and air conditioning components, including a contractor removing thermostats in conjunction with renovation and demolition activities in accordance with Minnesota Rules, part 7035.0805;
(2) "qualified contractor" means a contractor:
(i) who employs seven or more service technicians or installers;
(ii) who is located in an area outside of an urban area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau; or
(iii) whose primary business consists of renovation and demolition activities;
(3) "retailer" means a person who sells thermostats of any kind directly to homeowners or other end-users through any selling or distribution mechanism;
(4) "thermostat" means a temperature control device that may contain elemental mercury in a sealed component that serves as a switch or temperature-sensing element and a sealed component that has been removed from a temperature control device; and
(5) "wholesaler" means a person engaged in the distribution and wholesale sale of thermostats and other heating, ventilation, and air conditioning components to contractors who install heating, ventilation, and air conditioning components.
(b) A manufacturer of thermostats that contain mercury or that may replace thermostats that contain mercury is responsible for the costs of collecting and managing the replaced mercury-containing thermostats to ensure that the thermostats do not become part of the solid waste stream.
(c) A manufacturer of thermostats that contain mercury or that may replace thermostats that contain mercury shall, in addition to the requirements of subdivision 3, provide incentives for and sufficient information to purchasers and consumers of the thermostats for the purchasers or consumers to ensure that mercury in thermostats being removed from service is reused or recycled or otherwise managed in compliance with section 115A.932. A manufacturer that has complied with this subdivision is not liable for improper disposal by purchasers or consumers of thermostats.
(d) A manufacturer of thermostats subject to this subdivision, or an organization of manufacturers of thermostats and its officers, members, employees, and agents, may participate in projects or programs to collect and properly manage waste thermostats. Any person who participates in a project or program is immune from liability under state law relating to antitrust, restraint of trade, unfair trade practices, and other regulation of trade or commerce for activities related to the collection and management of the thermostats under this subdivision.
(e) A manufacturer of thermostats or organization of manufacturers of thermostats that participates in a thermostat collection and management program under this subdivision must report at least annually to the agency. The report must include:
(1) a description of how the program operates;
(2) a description of program components, including incentives provided under this subdivision, and an evaluation of the program components' effectiveness in promoting participation and recovery of thermostats;
(3) eligibility criteria for program participants;
(4) a list of program participants; and
(5) the number of thermostats remitted by each program participant during the reporting period.
(f) A wholesaler, qualified contractor, or retailer may participate as a collection site in a manufacturer's mercury thermostat collection and management program required under this subdivision. A wholesaler or retailer that participates as a collection site in a manufacturer's mercury thermostat collection and management program shall post prominent signs at the wholesaler's or retailer's business location regarding the collection and management of mercury thermostats.
Mercury thermometers prohibited.
(a) A manufacturer, wholesaler, or retailer may not sell or distribute at no cost a thermometer containing mercury that was manufactured after June 1, 2001.
(b) Paragraph (a) does not apply to:
(1) an electronic thermometer with a battery containing mercury if the battery is in compliance with section 325E.125;.
(2) a mercury thermometer used for food research and development or food processing, including meat, dairy products, and pet food processing;
(3) a mercury thermometer that is a component of an animal agriculture climate control system or industrial measurement system until such time as the system is replaced or a nonmercury component for the system is available; or
(4) a mercury thermometer used for calibration of other thermometers, apparatus, or equipment, unless a nonmercury calibration standard is approved for the application by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
(c) A manufacturer is in compliance with this subdivision if the manufacturer:
(1) has received an exclusion or exemption from a state that is a member of the Interstate Mercury Education and Reduction Clearinghouse (IMERC) for replacement parts when no alternative is available or for an application when no feasible alternative is available;
(2) submits a copy of the approved exclusion or exemption to the commissioner; and
(3) meets all of the requirements in the approved exclusion or exemption for the manufacturer's activities within the state.
Minnesota Statutes 2012, section 116.92, subdivision 8j, is amended to read:
Subd. 8j.
Exclusion for existing equipment.
The prohibitions in subdivisions 6 and 8b to 8g do not apply if a thermometer, switch, relay, or measuring device is used to replace a thermometer, switch, relay, or measuring device that is a component of a larger product in use prior to January 1, 2008, provided the owner of that equipment has made every reasonable effort to determine that no compatible nonmercury replacement component exists an industrial measurement system or control system until the system is replaced or a nonmercury component for the system is available. The owner of the system shall notify the commissioner within 30 days of replacing the component and identify the replacement mercury component that was installed.
Minnesota Statutes 2012, section 116.92, is amended by adding a subdivision to read:
Subd. 8k.
Ban; mercury in balancing and dampening products and equipment.
A person may not sell, offer for sale, distribute, install, or use in the state a mercury-containing product or mercury-containing equipment that is used for balancing, dampening, or providing a weight or counterweight function.
EFFECTIVE DATE.
This section is effective January 1, 2015.
[116.931] WHEEL WEIGHTS AND BALANCING PRODUCTS; LEAD AND MERCURY PROHIBITION.
Definitions.
(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms have the meanings given.
(b) "Motor vehicle" means a self-propelled vehicle or a vehicle propelled or drawn by a self-propelled vehicle that is operated on a highway, on a railroad track, on the ground, in the water, or in the air.
(c) "New motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle that has not been previously sold to a person except a distributor, wholesaler, or motor vehicle dealer for resale.
Tire service.
When replacing or balancing a tire on a motor vehicle or aircraft, a person may not use a wheel weight or other product for balancing motor vehicle or aircraft wheels if the weight or other balancing product contains lead or mercury that was intentionally added during the manufacture of the product.
Sales ban.
A person may not sell or offer to sell or distribute weights or other products for balancing motor vehicle or aircraft wheels if the weight or other balancing product contains lead or mercury that was intentionally added during the manufacture of the product.
New motor vehicles.
A person may not sell a new motor vehicle or aircraft that is equipped with a weight or other product for balancing wheels if the weight or other balancing product contains lead or mercury that was intentionally added during the manufacture of the product.
Salvage.
A person may not shred or crush, or market for shredding or crushing, any motor vehicle, aircraft, watercraft, or railroad or industrial equipment, or any portion thereof, without:
(1) inspecting the vehicle or equipment; and
(2) removing all weights or other products for balancing wheels or other equipment if the weights or balancing products contain lead or mercury that was intentionally added during the manufacture of the weights or balancing products.
Management of wheel weights and balancing products.
Mercury in wheel weights and other balancing products for motor vehicle and aircraft wheels must be recycled or otherwise managed to comply with sections 115A.932 and 116.92 and to ensure that it does not become part of the solid waste stream and is not released to the environment. Lead in wheel weights and other balancing products for motor vehicle and aircraft wheels must be recycled to ensure that it does not become part of the solid waste stream and is not released to the environment.
Educational materials; outreach.
Prior to the effective date of this section, the agency shall produce and distribute educational materials on the prohibitions required under this section to businesses subject to the prohibitions and shall conduct additional outreach and education activities to those businesses.
[145.945] CERTAIN SALES OF CLEANING PRODUCTS PROHIBITED.
Prohibition.
In order to prevent the spread of infectious disease and avoidable infections and to promote best practices in sanitation, no person shall offer for retail sale in Minnesota any cleaning product that contains triclosan and is used by consumers for sanitizing or hand and body cleansing.
The prohibition in subdivision 1 shall not apply to individual products for which specific United States Food and Drug Administration approval for consumer use has been secured.
Minnesota Statutes 2013 Supplement, section 325F.176, is amended to read:
325F.176 DEFINITIONS.
(a) For the purposes of sections 325F.176 to 325F.178, the following terms have the meanings given them.
(b) "Child" means a person under eight years of age.
(c) "Children's product" means a product primarily designed or intended by a manufacturer to be physically applied to or introduced into a child's body, including any article used as a component of such a product and excluding a food, beverage, dietary supplement, pharmaceutical product or biologic, children's toys that are covered by the ASTM International F963 standard for Toy Safety, or a medical device as defined in the federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, United States Code, title 21, section 321(h), as amended through February 15, 2013.
(d) "Intentionally added chemical" means a chemical in a product that serves an intended function in the product.
Sec. 10.
325F.177 FORMALDEHYDE IN CHILDREN'S PRODUCTS; BAN.
(a) Beginning August 1, 2014, no manufacturer or wholesaler may sell or offer for sale in this state a children's product that intentionally contains:
(1) formaldehyde, including formaldehyde contained in a solution; or
(2) intentionally added chemical ingredients that chemically degrade under normal conditions of temperature and pressure to release free formaldehyde at levels exceeding a de minimis level of 0.05 percent.
(b) Beginning August 1, 2015, no retailer may sell or offer for sale in this state a children's product that intentionally contains:
Presented to the governor May 15, 2014
Signed by the governor May 16, 2014, 10:34 a.m.
Official Publication of the State of Minnesota
Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes, 700 State Office Building, 100 Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., St. Paul, MN 55155


text:
Black Milk :: No Poison No Paradise
Jay Soul October 15, 2013
LPReview
With "No Poison No Paradise" Black Milk delivers, in a sense, his best album thus far. It's a deceptively dark listen (the wonderful artwork should be your first clue), yet his delivery is deliberately toned down in energy, suitably matching the night-time theme. NPNP is effectively an amalgam of the previous three albums, and the end result for a restless producer who has, thus far, experimented without any real attachment. First, he chopped up samples; he ditched the vinyl back in the crate to go electronic; he then unplugged that equipment and hired a live band. His latest album finds him shunning musical innovation and favouring bringing together all three into a concoction principally fuelled by a desire to master his studio engineering skillset. Such a convergence is an interesting and rewarding outlook, not to mention thoroughly predictable at this stage in his career.
At times throughout his career, it has come across as a battle between what Black Milk is good at, and what he actually wants to do; between his talent and his focus; between what we want to hear from him, and his subsequent reaction. In other words, he's damn stubborn. That can result in great music, though: here he's challenging us to keep up, jumping from genre to genre, style to style, with liberal use of the FX, panning knobs and brakes. The beats on offer are less that, more genial treats gifted to us from a producer with an innate sense of when to go left when we expected a right turn. In fact, that instinct is ever so slightly toned down on NPNP, yet it recalls Kanye West's "Dark Twisted Fantasy" – with this being more of a "Darker Tangled Nightmare". The first listen is a full-on assault of your senses, soon crystallising into more identifiable joints. It's engineered to perfection.
Examples of Black Milk doing his thing behind the boards include "X Chords" and "Sonny Jr. (Dreams)" – here, there are no real vocals so the gorgeous (in different ways) instrumentals are thrust firmly into the limelight. The lush live soul of "Deion's House" (the only track not produced by Milk himself) is another standout; "Ghetto Demf" is the shape-shifting polar opposite, recalling those "Tronic" days. The thematic centrepiece of the album comes in the form of a "Sunday's Best" and the hope-destroying "Monday's Worst". It works well with the video, but within the album itself doesn't make much of an impact. The idea behind Sunny is fine, but again seems to be a half-hearted grope in the dark – and therein lies the problem with "No Poison No Paradise".
Note my reticent in saying this – I'm one of the few critics who initially backed Black Milk as a rapper, and still do – but perhaps this one (just this one) may well have worked better as an instrumental LP. He's at a decent level on here, the album is perfectly good. But as an instrumental showcase? This would have been mind-blowing. It's frustrating, as Milk is such a talent: he's a throwback who is simultaneously ahead of his time; what he's doing isn't necessarily innovative, just the way he presents it. So yes, it is his best album in a musical sense, there can be no doubt of that. From start to finish, it's markedly more consistent than any of his previous offerings, and he's put his experience to excellent use. Yet it's a difficult album to score, as one might argue that aside from Milk gaining his black belt in the studio, this may well be considered an outing without genuine purpose – certainly once the vocals are taken into consideration. We love Black Milk, but what is he actually telling us? Hip hop is an artform based on messages, yet all too frequently he comes across as a messenger with little to report.
Black Milk
Previous ArticleAce Hood :: Trials & Tribulations
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His passion is sustainable weight-loss and he's known by many for taking a detailed and long-term approach to pre- and post-diet weight maintenance phases.
He appreciates being compensated in peanut butter.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Burden of Gun Violence: Trends and Policy Solutions
The Graduate Hotel, Wayne Ballroom, Downtown Iowa City
This event brought together a panel of experts to discuss the burden of American gun violence and the potential for evidence-based public policy solutions.
The PPC's Crime & Justice Policy research program, directed by Mark Berg, hosted this panel as part of the Run Up to the 2020 Caucus – a series designed to examine different policy topics that will be discussed during the campaign.
Topics included:
Gun violence trends in the United States
Gender, intimate partners, and gun violence
Regulation of guns and gun markets
Violence reduction strategies and their effectiveness for reducing suicide and criminal violence
To view KCRG-TV coverage of this event, click here.
To listen to the Q&A discussion on Iowa Public Radio's River to River, click here.
The University of Iowa School of Social Work is offering free CEU credit to social workers and other helping professionals who attended this event. Click here for the CEU request form.
Thomas Abt
Senior Research Fellow — Harvard Kennedy School of Government
Philip Cook
Terry Sanford Professor Emeritus — Duke University
Janet Lauritsen
Curators' Distinguished Professor of Criminology and Criminal Justice — University of Missouri - St. Louis
Richard Rosenfeld
This event is jointly sponsored by:
The UI Public Policy Center Crime and Justice Policy Research Program, UI Injury Prevention Research Center, Iowa Public Radio, UI Lecture Committee, UI Department of Sociology and Criminology in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (CLAS), Iowa Public Health Association, the Obermann Center for Advanced Studies, UI Department of Political Science (CLAS), UI School of Journalism and Mass Communication (CLAS), UI Department of Emergency Medicine, UI School of Social Work (CLAS), Kirkwood Community College, UI Student Government, UI College of Law, Domestic Violence Intervention Program, UI African American Studies Program (CLAS)
Forkenbrock Series on Public Policy
The Forkenbrock Series provides a forum for dialogue about policy areas from applied, academic, and interdisciplinary perspectives. The series was established in honor of David Forkenbrock, a nationally recognized transportation researcher. Dr. Forkenbrock established the Public Policy Center at the University of Iowa in 1987 and directed the Center until 2007. His vision was to enable public and private sector decision makers to work with faculty, staff, and student researchers to explore solutions to complex problems related to the public interest.
Individuals with disabilities are encouraged to attend all University of Iowa-sponsored events. If you are a person with a disability who requires an accommodation in order to participate in this program, please contact Leslie Gannon at (319) 335-6817 or leslie-gannon@uiowa.edu.


text:
Samsung resumes settlement talks with Apple
Patent expert says agreement may be coming in near-term
By Kim Yoo-chul
Samsung Electronics and Apple have recently agreed to begin talks to settle patent disputes out of court, according to people directly involved with the matter, Monday.
"Samsung has recently resumed working-level discussions with Apple and the key issue is how to dismiss all lawsuits," they said, declining to be named.
They added that the recent verdict in the U.S. that admitted Apple's infringement on some Samsung patents made things much better for the resumption of talks.
"Some more time will be needed to fix terms of details such as royalty payments in return for using patents owned by each before reaching a full agreement."
The move comes a few days after Apple and Google agreed to dismiss all patent disputes, meaning a complete closure of the litigation that had started in 2010 with both parties bearing their own court and attorney costs.
Google has been consistent in helping Samsung over legal counseling, while promising to pay monetary damages, if Samsung, representative of Google Android Alliance, reels from any major setback in court in its fight with Apple.
In an e-mailed interview, Florian Mueller, a German-based intellectual property expert, said he is optimistic than ever that a settlement could be reached very soon.
"Things should come to an end during the summer. Apple doesn't have an endgame strategy. Its agreement with Google shows that its management is looking for a face-saving exit strategy from Steve Jobs' thermonuclear ambitions that were based on a totally unrealistic assessment of the strength of Apple's patent portfolio," Mueller said.
In a question about the "key conditions" before a settlement, the expert answered; "I believe a one-time payment from Samsung to Apple for past infringement of U.S. design patents would be reasonable."
Apart from that, he said, Apple and Samsung should enter into a ceasefire agreement like Apple and Google just did.
"They could withdraw their mutual lawsuits around the globe and agree not to bring new suits for a certain period of time. They wouldn't necessarily have to agree on a comprehensive cross-license," he said.
"The Apple-Google deal may be a good model, except for the design patents part, which is only about money and doesn't have strategic implications."
In the second-round of the Samsung-Apple dispute in the San Jose, California court presided over by Judge Lucy H. Koh, Apple had been seeking more than $2 billion in damages, but received $119.6 million.
Also, jurors ruled Apple should also pay Samsung over the former's infringement of Samsung patents.
Mueller stressed it's going to be the most rational choice for Apple to recognize that the Cupertino-based outfit won't be able to accomplish any "strategic objectives" through further pursuit of patent infringement litigation.
"Apple won't regain market share that way. It won't even have an impact on Samsung's reputation. This has become a waste of time and money. Apple and Google have agreed to withdraw their pending lawsuits but they've basically agreed to disagree on the underlying strategic questions. That's why it's only a ceasefire, not a cross-license agreement," he said.
Some say the Google-Apple agreement was seen as an effort by Apple to put more focus on its fight against Samsung. But Mueller holds a different view.
"Theoretically the agreement with Google would enable Apple to focus even more on the dispute with Samsung. But in practical terms, it doesn't help Apple to free up resources if its patents are just too weak to have strategic impact," he said.
yckim@koreatimes.co.kr More articles by this reporter


text:
/**
 * A class to work with drag and drop grid infrastructure.
 */
export declare class DragState {
	/**
	 * Flag that indicates drag in drop is performing.
	 * Usually is used inside the grid to apply some custom styles.
	 */
	isActive: boolean;
}


text:
Former Celtics Forward Finds Recent NBA Home With Timberwolves
SportsBasketball
Former Boston Celtics forward Matt Ryan is keeping his NBA dreams alive.
Ryan, who spent last season with the Celtics organization as he primarily played within the G League and flashed during Summer League before signing with the Los Angeles Lakers in September, reportedly is signing a two-way contract with the Minnesota Timberwolves, the Athletic's Shams Charania and Jon Krawczynski reported late Tuesday night.
Ryan played 12 games with the Lakers this season — which was 11 more contests than he played in for the Celtics throughout the 2021-22 campaign — and showed off his biggest asset during that temporary stint, which is his shooting. The 25-year-old shot 37.1% (13-for-35) from beyond the arc before the Lakers waived him last week.
The Timberwolves could sure use some more shooting as they've the third-worst shooting percentage within the league at 32.6%, which only trails the Charlotte Hornets and Recent York Knicks.
Ryan has definitely had an unconventional journey to the NBA as he was working DoorDash a 12 months before accompanying the Celtics to the NBA Finals this past June.
There's a probability Ryan could make a return trip to Boston when the Timberwolves tackle the Celtics on Dec. 23 at TD Garden.
Thumbnail photo via
Daniel Dunn/USA TODAY Sports Images


text:
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  create_table "inquiries", :force => true do |t|
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    t.string   "email"
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end


text:
SAIPA, BSI Sign Deal for Producing New Car Models
SAIPA Automotive Group and Bank Saderat Iran has signed a memorandum of cooperation for producing new car models and increasing employment
SAIPA Automotive Group and Bank Saderat Iran have signed a memorandum of cooperation (MOC) in Tehran for producing new car models and increasing employment.
At a meeting attended by the senior managers of Iran's largest bank and industrial complex, SAIPA's CEO Mohammad Ali Teymouri said Bank Saderat Iran is one of the top five banks of Iran and SAIPA needs liquidity to fulfill its export plans and produce new models in the current and next fiscal years, Donyaye Khodro reported.
"The bank will provide the needed liquidity to SAIPA soon in the form of an MOC," he added.
Referring to SAIPA's financial performance, Teymouri said that in the first eight months of the current fiscal year (March 21-Nov. 21), more than 600 trillion rials ($1.65 billion) have been generated through the sale of SAIPA's vehicles compared with 320 trillion rials ($882.51 million) earned in last year's corresponding period.
Saipa News
Iran Auto Industry


Dimples & Dragonflies Studio & Gallery LLC: "Love Me Some Holy Stories"
"Love Me Some Holy Stories"
A Few Days Past I Came Across Some Old Door Panels That Were Said To Have Been Removed From 100 year Old Doors. I'm Sure They're Vintage Because They Came Complete With Chippy Paint And More Than A Few Worm Holes.
I Stripped This One Down And Set About Composing A Theme. Of Late I'm Especially Loving My Holy Stories..Seem To Be Hanging Onto My Bible More These Days Than Ever Before.
"God Hath From The Beginning Chosen You," Was A Snippet Of Scripture I Took From II Thessalonians 2:13. It Seems To Apply To Us All, But Primarily I Referrenced JESUS Within My Composition.
I Punched The Verse Into Some Metal Pieces ~Sheared And Arranged Them Along The Bottom Portion And Added Some Bling Beneath Just For Color.
I Used Black On The Wooden Crosses Because It Signifies Power And Submission..Lifting The Cross Of JESUS Higher Than Those HE Stood With On The Day Of HIS Crucifixion.
The Red Stones Of Course Represent HIS Blood And Thirty Three Is Believed To Have Been HIS Age At The Time Of HIS Death.
I Attached The Dual-Image Of The Lit'l Girls To The Top Of The Main Panel As A Representation Of Myself (and all women) Who Are From The Beginning, HIS Feminine Children. The Precious Heart Between Them Has "Loving Spirit" Collaged Into It.
This Heart Is One I Purchased Awhile Back From My Sweet Friend Lisa DeNunzio, http://pritistudio.blogspot.com/ Who Gave Me Permission To Use Her Design Within This Piece. Thank You Sweet Lisa!
I Have Several More Panels ~ Some Long, Some Short. I'm Hoping To Create A Few More Compositions Using Them. I Love Me Some Holy Stories Now..So There Might Be A Series In The Future. Or Not. Who Knows. I'll Follow My Heart Wherever It Leads.
Have A Glorious Weekend Everybody!
Makes me sooooooo excited to see you creating like this!!! LOVE YOU!!!
This is so beautiful, Terri! I love how each part has such a special meaning. Really makes a wonderful complete story!


text:
Inside CUL
Category Archives: Staff Activities
by Laura on January 27, 2010
Damon Jaggars, Associate University Librarian for Collections and Services, spoke at the ACRL/NY Annual Symposium 2009 in December: http://acrlnysymp09.wordpress.com/program/ . He also recently published "Comparing Service Priorities Between Staff and Users in Association of Research Libraries (ARL) Member Libraries," /portal: Libraries and the Academy/, Vol. 9, No. 3, 2009, pp. 441-452 (with Shanna Smith Jaggars and Jocelyn Duffy).
Neil Romanosky, Delivery Services Librarian, is Chair of the ALA Reference and User Services (RUSA) Sharing and Transforming Access to Resources (STARS) ILL Discussion Group. Neil moderated the group's ALA Midwinter session on January 16, 2010 in Boston, Massachusetts. Cyril Oberlander, Associate Director, Milne Library, SUNY Geneseo, presented "GIST: A Customizable Future for ILL and Acquisitions," a toolkit that merges acquisitions and ILL functionality by utilizing a library's ILL software to enable user-initiated purchase requests via a traditional ILL request form. Michael Ireland, Director, CISTI Information Access and Delivery, and Jason Charron, Director, CISTI Corporate Services and Strategic Initiatives, discussed major funding reductions at CISTI and delivered a "CISTI Transformation Update," describing the resulting new outsourced document delivery service for materials from the collection of the /Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information (/CISTI).
Jen Rutner, Assessment and Marketing Librarian, was selected as a member of the ALA Emerging Leaders program for 2010.
This entry was posted in Staff Activities on January 27, 2010 by Laura.
by Laura on November 23, 2009
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Jaclyn Barcewski, Scholarly Communication Program Intern, is pursuing her MLS at Pratt Institute and most recently worked as a Library Assistant at The New Yorker.
Kenneth Crews received a grant from the Samuel H. Kress Foundation for the study of library and museum licensing practices, especially in regard to the licensing of images of art from the collections. As part of the study, he did a presentation at the International Association for Teaching and Research in Intellectual Property Law annual conference in Vilnius, Lithuania. In addition, he has given presentations at several universities, including Harvard, Yale….. He was a guest speaker on the subject of the Google Book Settlement at a recent member meeting of the Association of Research Libraries. Kenneth Crews also continues to be involved with copyright matters for the American Library Association, and on behalf of ALA attended a meeting of the world Intellectual Property Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. Here at Columbia, he has been a speaker at programs for the law school, the medical school, and other groups.
Vanessa DeJesus, Digital Services Assistant, is a sophomore at Columbia College whose past experience includes working at the CU Center for Environmental Research and Conservation.
Briana Ferrigno, Editorial Producer at CCNMTL, ran the NYC Marathon with a time of 3:46, her first marathon. Congratulations, Brie!
Patrick Force, Application Developer, comes to CDRS from ActKnowledge, a social enterprise based at CUNY, where he worked on Flex/PHP application architecture and development.
Claudia Funke, Curator, Rare Books/Indexer in Avery Library, accepted the appointment of Curator of Rare Books at UNC-Chapel Hill. Her last day at Avery will be Novebmer 12th.
Annemarie von Roessel, Archivist in Avery Library, was married this past October and is moving to to Switzerland in mid-December.
This entry was posted in Staff Activities on November 23, 2009 by Laura.
by Laura on September 21, 2009
The Music & Arts Library donated duplicate and withdrawn scores to The Drawing Center in Soho for use in The Big Draw, the annual public art event co-produced with The River to River Festival which was held this year on July 21. Held at the World Financial Center Winter Garden, the public was invited to make drawings on the scores that were then interpreted and played by the Flux Quartet.
This entry was posted in Staff Activities on September 21, 2009 by Laura.
by Laura on May 1, 2009
Elizabeth Davis, Head of the Gabe M. Wiener Music & Arts Library, will present a paper at the annual meeting of the International Association of Music Libraries, Archives, and Documentation Centres held in Amsterdam in July 2009. Its title is A Force for American Music: The Alice M. Ditson Fund of Columbia University and draws on the Ditson Archives Collection housed in the Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
Kate Harcourt and Robert Rendall participated in the BIBCO/CONSER Operations meeting at the Library of Congress.
Neil Romanosky, Interlibrary Loan and Delivery Services Librarian, was a co-presenter at
the OCLC ILLiad 2009 Meeting in Virginia Beach in March.
Jennifer Block (Princeton), Matthew Sheehy
(NYPL), and Romanosky did a session on the use of ILLiad ILL management
software at ReCAP. Details are at:
https://www.atlas-sys.com/conference/ConferenceSessions.aspx (Session 4 in the 11-12 slot on 3/20).
Alex Thurman presented a paper on Collecting Free Web Resources: Selecting, Harvesting, Cataloging at the NETSL Annual Spring Conference.
This entry was posted in Staff Activities on May 1, 2009 by Laura.
Nancy E. Friedland, Librarian for Butler Media, Film Studies & Performing Arts was recently elected to serve on the Theatre Library Association Board for a second, non-consecutive, term.
Katie L.B. Henningson, a Library Assistant I currently working on the New York Chamber of Commerce Records, has won a fellowship with the ARL Career Enhancement Program. Katie is completing her M.L.S. at Palmer and will start the program in June at the University of Kentucky. The 12-week program gives each fellow the opportunity to work in a research library and is assigned a mentor who provides each fellow with professional guidance and resource sharing. Each fellow also participates in the ARL Leadership Institute at the ALA Midwinter meeting (which Katie just attended) giving them the opportunity to examine the larger issues facing research libraries, and interact with other ARL fellow, library leaders, and other MLS students who attend the Leadership Institute. The program also works with each fellow to network and connect with other ARL member libraries to help the job search process. Katie is an outstanding assistant and, along with the project archivist, Jillian Cuellar, has worked hard to put her professional stamp on the collection. We are lucky to have her here through April, when the project will end.
Rick Block, head of special collections and metadata cataloging, is the recipient of Library Journal's 2008 Teaching Award. Block teaches at the Palmer School of Library & Information Science at Long Island University, Brookville, NY, and at the School of Information and Library Science at Pratt Institute in New York City. Read more about the award at: http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6611578.html.
Joanna DiPasquale, web developer in the Libraries Digital Programs Division, was awarded the LITA/Christian Larew Memorial Scholarship, a one-year scholarship sponsored jointly by LITA and Informata.com. Rutgers also awarded her the Elizabeth Meier Estate Scholarship. DiPasquale is an active student at Rutgers University, School of Communication, Information and Library Studies.
Neil Romanosky, interlibrary loan and delivery services librarian, will participate in the 2009 American Libraries Association's Emerging Leaders (EL) program, which kicks off at the ALA Midwinter Meeting in Denver and culminates at the 2009 Annual Conference in Chicago. Information on the program is at http://wikis.ala.org/emergingleaders/index.php/Main_Page.
Chris Sala, recipient of the New Directions Award, describes her tour of Dutch libraries
At the end of October, Chris Sala, Architecture Bibliographer, attended the Study Tour of the Netherlands sponsored by the International Relations Committee of the Arts Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA). She joined them thanks to the Librarian III/New Directions Award.
Five days. Five cities. Twelve libraries. Chris describes a few of the highlights of the tour:
At the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam the group was taken into the library's special vault which houses over 95% of the 900 extant letters by the artist. Written to friends and family, the majority to his brother Theo, they contain many beautiful illustrations and sketches. The museum is in the process of publishing a new edition of these famous documents. This is a dual project in which a large portion of the letters will only be available digitally on the museum's website.
Another memorable visit in Amsterdam was to the new Public Library designed by Jo Coenen. This beautiful atrium building is much more than just a library. It's goal is to be a central force in the community, a cultural and community center that includes art exhibitions, a public theater, meeting spaces, literacy and language labs, and even a piano in the lobby for skilled patrons to play. The reference librarians roam their designated areas in stylish uniforms created by a famous Dutch designer. Interestingly, the gay and lesbian collection housed in the library is actually maintained by a private non-profit organization.
At the Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven the library has taken a unique approach to incorporating archives into the museum's public displays. The ongoing Living Archive series alternately offer a new perspective on an exhibition in the museum, shed more light on the background of an exhibition or acquired work, or may pass an opinion on the museum's strategies. The museum has permanently devoted seven small spaces to this endeavor, thus providing the public with a somewhat unconventional way of accessing documentary sources.
The remaining activities were visits to the Special Collections Library of the University of Amsterdam; the Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica in Amsterdam, a private library whose mission is to promote the Hermetic tradition; the Netherlands Architectuur Intituut Library and the Boijmans Van Beuningen Museum Library, both in Rotterdam; the Rijksbureau Kunsthistorische Documentatie and the Peace Palace Library, the largest international law library in the world, both in the Hague; the University Library at Utrecht University, a library with a black interior and red rubber furniture; and hard hat tours of the renovations to the Rijksmueum and Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam.
This entry was posted in Staff Activities, Staff Spotlight on November 25, 2008 by Laura.
RBML GAs Win Contest
A team from the Rare Book & Manuscript Library recently won first place in the Smith Annual Pimp My Bookcart competition. Check it out: http://www.unshelved.com/PimpMyBookcart/2008/
Said Iwalani Wall, "I'm so proud! The students involved were Ben Heller (CC '09), Nate Trunnell (CC '10), Darragh Martin (Theater, PHD candidate CU), Andrea Vazquez (MA School of Arts and Sciences CU), and Evan Roth (CC '11). Eric Sommer from Preservation also helped. Note that they beat out a fire truck made with actual working parts! This was all done with a $50 budget, an ancient and barely functioning wooden bookcart from RBML, and my beach umbrella. They built it in Ben Heller's dorm room over a weekend. And now RBML wins a brand new book cart."
Jeff Carroll, Terry Kirchner and Jennifer Rutner attended the Library Assessment Conference at the University of Washington in Seattle, where they presented a poster session, "Building an Assessment Program @ Columbia University Libraries: Year One." Jennifer also spoke on a panel about developing and implementing assessment plans.
Karen Kapp just completed her master's degree and earned an MS in Fundraising Management for Nonprofit Administration, here at Columbia's School of Continuing Education.
Kathleen Dreyer recognized for achievement in academic business librarianship
by Laura on July 25, 2008
Kathleen Dreyer has received the first Achievement in Academic Business Librarianship Award, administered through the Business & Finance Division of the Special Libraries Association (SLA).
The inaugural award was presented to Dreyer, at the 2008 Special Libraries Association Annual Conference in Seattle, Washington. The award recognizes the accomplishments of librarians who are new to the field of academic business librarianship. "It is an honor to be the first recipient of the Achievement in Academic Business Librarianship Award," said Dreyer.
Dreyer is the Head of Columbia's Watson Library of Business and Economics. In addition to providing reference assistance to students and faculty, Dreyer oversees the collections and staff of the library. Before coming to Columbia, Dreyer was a reference librarian at the Lippincott Library at the University of Pennsylvania and a collections assistant at the Jack Brause Library at New York University. Dreyer holds a Master of Science in Library and Information Science from Drexel University.
This entry was posted in Announcements, Staff Activities on July 25, 2008 by Laura.
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New 2019 Volkswagen Jetta 1.4T S with 6-speed manual transmission (STOCK# VW6795, VIN 3VWN57BU1KM013577, MSRP $19,715) $149 per month lease for 39 months. 7,500 miles/year. $2500 cash/trade down + $0 security deposit + $0 first payment + $220 doc & title prep + $695 bank acquisition fee = $3415 total due at delivery. Sales tax, title and registration fees additional. Lease end buy option $10,843. All incentives to dealer, cannot be combined with other offers. Finance and lease offers available to well-qualified buyers with Top Tier credit, not all will qualify. Offer ends 4/30/2019.
New 2019 Volkswagen Passat 2.0T Wolfsburg with automatic transmission (STOCK# VW7108, VIN 1VWLA7A35KC001882) $249 per month lease for 39 months. 7,500 miles/year. $2499 cash/trade down + $0 security deposit + $0 first payment + $220 doc & title prep + $695 bank acquisition fee = $3314 total due at delivery. Sales tax, title and registration fees additional. Lease end buy option $13,480. MSRP $27,510. All incentives to dealer, cannot be combined with other offers. Finance and lease offers available to well-qualified buyers with Top Tier credit, not all will qualify. Offer ends 4/30/2019.
New 2019 Volkswagen Tiguan 2.0T SE with 4MOTION AWD (STOCK# VW7167, VIN 3VV2B7AX2KM040850) $239 per month lease for 39 months. 7,500 miles/year. $2999 cash/trade down + $0 security deposit + $0 first payment + $220 doc & title prep + $695 bank acquisition fee = $3814 total due at delivery. Sales tax, title and registration fees additional. Lease end buy option $16,679. MSRP $29,784. All incentives to dealer, cannot be combined with other offers. Finance and lease offers available to well-qualified buyers with Top Tier credit, not all will qualify. Offer ends 4/30/2019.
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text:
The Revelation of John: Its Own Interpreter in Virtue of the Double Version ...
By John Cochran
4th. The laws of symbolic representation.
5th. The symbols.
These means are all valuable, and of such a nature that, when brought to bear in their full force, they can scarcely fail to coinpass the solution of the problem. The limits of the present work forbid us from attempting any thing more than the application of the three first. These means, however, will be destitute of any effectual result if the first representation be not apprehended. The fact that this condition has not been fulfilled in respect of the Revelation, and that the first representation which it makes has not hitherto been understood, appears to us to have been the grand barrier in the way of its successful interpretation. It is perfectly clear, for example, that if the allegory has been regarded as one, while there are two, no advance could ever be made in the interpretation of the whole book, no matter how efficient the above means of elucidation may be. The second sense would stubbornly refuse to discover itself in the absence of the first. But if the allegory be twofold, and the two first representations which it makes have been apprehended, we are then on the track at least which conducts to the successful issue. We have made the elementary step and we are in a position to bring the above means of interpretation to bear on the solution of the problem with their full and legitimate effect. We have laid the foundation upon which the superstructure of the second sense may possibly be reared, and without which it can never be reared.
CIRCUMSTANCES CONNECTED WITH THE DELIVERY OF THE
ALLEGORY, WHICH TEND TO SUGGEST THE SECOND
SENSE.
It usually occurs that there are certain circumstances connected with the delivery of an allegory, which have a tendency to point out the second and real sense of it. Let us take, for example, the allegorical dreams of the butler and baker, interpreted by Joseph in the Egyptian prison :
" And the chief butler told his dream to Joseph, and said unto him, In my dream, behold, a vine was before me; and in the vine were three branches : and it was as though it budded, and her blossoms shot forth; and the clusters thereof bronght ripe grapes : and Pharaoh's cup was in my hand; and I took the grapes, and pressed them into Pharaoh's cup, and I gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand."-Gen. xl. 9-11.
" When the chief baker saw that the interpretation was good, he said unto Joseph, I also was in my dream, and behold, I had three white baskets on my head: And in the uppermost basket there was all
manner of bake-meats for Pharaoh ; and the birds did eat them out of the basket upon my head.—ch. xl. 16, 17.
The second sense of these allegories, it is apparent, is naturally suggested by the circumstances in which they were delivered, viz., in prison, by a butler and baker, lying under the king's displeasure. These circumstances together, it may be, with others not recorded, were sufficient to awaken the mind of Joseph, who was endowed with a superior wisdom by God, to the real sense.
The parable of the good Samaritan, delivered by Christ, in answer to the question, Who is my neighbor? is likewise an obvious illustration in point. The second sense is plainly perceptible here, from the circumstance that the allegory is an answer to the above question.
Now there are some circumstances connected with the delivery of the Revelation, which throw a very considerable light on the real sense of its double allegory. Of these the most prominent are,
1st. The title.
2d. The revealing angel.
3d. The dedication of the book to the seven churches.
Let us collect from these in order, the light they are calculated to yield.
Firstly, in regard to the title, it is given as "The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto him, to show unto his servants, things which must shortly come to pass." Rev. i. 1. It is apparent,
from these words, that the allegory is a prophecy of events, which it is natural to infer concern the servants of God. This then determines the nature of the allegory; it does not foreshadow doctrines or spiritual truths, but "things to come to pass," i. e. as is naturally to be understood, it predicts events about to take place in the world's history; it has obviously to do with facts, and not with the principles of action. It does not move, then, in any transcendental region, but it shoots forward on that plain matter of fact track upon which history is afterwards to follow it with slow and measured steps. It predicts events to happen, the decree of which is registered in heaven, "things which must come to pass."
But they are said shortly to come to pass; a qualification which has been a great stumbling-block to many an interpreter, and also to many an ordinary reader. It has been this in two respects. In the first place, the prophecy has generally been applied to events which do not shortly come to pass, which seems to be a contradiction of the title. In the second place, the coming of the Son of Man to judgment, is, as appears from many parts of the book, obviously the main event predicted, and yet this is not an event of which it could be said with truth, that it "must shortly come to pass." The title thus stands, apparently in contradiction with the great mass of commentators who have written on the book, and who apply it to events which do not shortly come to pass, and it stands in contradiction with itself, if the literal sense of the words be taken, for the principal
event predicted is the coming of the Son of man in judgment, which did not shortly come to pass. The explanation which is rendered of this apparent contradiction, viz., that the meaning is, that some of the events will shortly come to pass, or that the train of events predicted will begin shortly to move on, is to many minds not a satisfactory one. It cannot be denied that a certain violation is done to the natural import of language by this explanation. Still it is by no means a violation of truth, for it is sufficient for the correctness of the statement, that some of the events do shortly come to pass.
Yet the natural inference is, that this shortly coming to pass is a characteristic of the events, and as such it is not truly a characteristic. If the expression is taken as a simple statement, involving no characteristic, then the explanation is a perfectly satisfactory one. It is sufficient for truth, that some of the events shortly came to pass. If the expression be regarded as necessarily containing in it a characteristic of the vents which the natural sense of the language implies, then the explanation is not a satisfactory one.
It appears to us that a better solution of this difficulty may be rendered in this manner. This is essentially a symbolical book, and although there are expressions in it to be literally taken, it is only where they cannot bear a symbolical sense. The law of the book is the symbolical sense. Even where literal language in the most absolute manner might be expected, that is, in the case of a formal interpretation rendered, we find even here a symbolical meaning


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text:
Lahm, Alonso promised special Bayern farewell after 'very emotional' final training session
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Bayern München v Freiburg
P. Lahm
C. Ancelotti
Bayern Munich head coach Carlo Ancelotti has promised Philipp Lahm and Xabi Alonso the chance for a special farewell in Saturday's Bundesliga match with Freiburg.
The experienced duo will retire from playing after this weekend's round of matches, bringing to an end two illustrious careers which have seen them win a collective total of 39 major trophies for club and country.
Ancelotti says the final training session with Lahm and Alonso was an emotional experience and is preparing to start them against Freiburg before substituting them late on to give the Allianz Arena crowd the chance to pay tribute.
Robben stars in Bundesliga XI
"The last training session with Philipp and Xabi Alonso was very emotional. I'm proud to be able to have coached these players," Ancelotti told a news conference on Friday.
"They play and will be replaced shortly before the end, so that they can be celebrated."
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Lahm has been tipped to take on a non-playing role at Bayern in future, while Alonso has also been backed to stay in football, and Ancelotti says both men would make excellent coaches if they chose to pursue that path.
"Both can be fantastic coaches," he said. "If they choose to do so, I think they'll do a good job."
#DankePhilipp #DankeTiger #DankeTom #GraciasXabi #MiaSanMia pic.twitter.com/ndi7e6hdPJ
— FC Bayern English (@FCBayernEN) May 19, 2017
Bayern will celebrate their title win in front of their home fans on Saturday to cap a moderately successful first season in Germany for Ancelotti.
The 57-year-old steered Bayern to their fifth title in a row this term and claimed the DFL-Supercup last August, but his team suffered defeats in the Champions League quarter-finals to Real Madrid and the DFB-Pokal semi-finals to Borussia Dortmund.
Ancelotti felt they were unlucky when a handful of senior players were struck by injuries, including Robert Lewandowski, Mats Hummels and Jerome Boateng, but is nonetheless happy with his first year at the club.
"We analysed the season and you can say that it has gone well," Ancelotti said. "In the end, the players finished the season in good physical condition.
"However, in the decisive phase we were unlucky with the injuries to Lewandowski, Hummels and Boateng.
Mourinho: No mistakes next season!
"I told my players today that I was very happy to coach them. They've always been very professional. They've never caused me any problem.
"It's my first trophy here. Every victory is important and makes you happy."


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« Calling things by the wrong name adds to the affliction of the world. » Albert Camus.
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Parties to the Conflict
So as to ensure the broadest possible application of international humanitarian law, the 1949 Geneva Conventions and their 1977 Additional Protocols use the neutral term parties to the conflict to refer to both State and non-state actors taking part in hostilities. This term replaces in modern legal vocabulary that of belligerent , which remains in common use to designate individuals, groups, or States engaged in an armed conflict. However, armed conflicts are not confined to confrontation between official armed forces of States that have recognized their mutual existence. In the case of non-international armed conflicts, one of the parties is a non-state armed group whose authority and existence may not be officially recognized, such as rebels or insurgents. The non-state nature of those actors prevents them from signing international conventions on humanitarian law, yet it is crucial that the implementation of humanitarian law not be delayed by debates over the legal status of belligerents.
This is why humanitarian law distinguishes between the status of "parties to the conflict" and that of "High Contracting Parties." The latter refers to States that have ratified the Conventions and therefore are bound to respect them, even if they are not directly involved in an armed conflict. Besides, High Contracting Parties are always bound to the Conventions they have signed vis-à-vis an enemy that would not have not signed the Conventions. Both will be bound by those provisions that have gained customary status, that is, most of the rules of the Geneva Conventions (including Common Article 3). There is no reciprocity condition as far as respect of IHL is concerned. This is particularly illustrated by the fact that one of the parties cannot invoke the violation of a humanitarian rule by the other party to justify its own violations of IHL.
The concept of parties to the conflict defines those signatory and non-signatory States as well as non-state parties involved in the conflict.
To overcome the defects of direct application of the Conventions, humanitarian law provides a complementary contractual mechanism. Indeed, the Conventions set forth the provision that all parties to a conflict should endeavor to bring all or part of the Conventions into force, from the beginning of the conflict, by means of special agreements (GCI–IV Common Art. 3). This mechanism is also open to entities or States party to the conflict that have not or cannot ratify the conventions (GCIV Art. 2). Besides, the Geneva Conventions clearly state that the application of international humanitarian law does not affect the legal status of parties to the conflict (GCI–IV Common Art. 3, API Art. 4).
▸ Special agreement
Today, those conventional limits are partially offset by the fact that many provisions of international humanitarian law have acquired a customary nature. In 2005, the ICRC published a study identifying customary rules of IHL that apply in international and non-international armed conflicts. This customary IHL is binding on all States, even those that have not signed the Conventions. It is also binding on non-state armed groups party to a conflict, that, per definition, cannot ratify the Conventions.
Non-state armed groups may indeed have the status of parties to non-international armed conflicts. Two cumulative conditions must be fulfilled. First, the group must be engaged in hostilities against a State or States or another armed group with a certain degree of intensity (relevant criteria as mentioned by case law include the number, duration, and intensity of individual confrontations; the type of weapons and other military equipment used; the number and caliber of munitions fired; the number of persons and types of forces partaking in the fighting; the number of casualties; the extent of material destruction, and the number of civilians fleeing combat zone; etc.). Second, the group itself must be sufficiently "organized" (factors to be taken into account include the existence of a command structure and disciplinary rules and mechanisms within the armed group; the existence of headquarters; the ability to procure, transport, and distribute arms; the group's ability to plan, coordinate, and carry out military operations, including troop movements and logistics; its ability to negotiate and conclude agreements such as cease-fires or peace accords; etc.).
As Parties to the conflict, non-state armed groups are compelled to respect humanitarian law relating thereto, that is to say, Common Article 3 to the four Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocol II of 1977, if applicable, and the customary law provisions. If there is evidence that non-state armed groups are acting in fact on behalf of or under the control of a foreign State, the armed conflict will be internationalized.
▸ International humanitarian law ▸ Non-state armed groups
International military forces deployed under UN Security Council mandate may also under certain conditions be considered parties to the conflict. This is the case when they use force in an offensive way beyond mere self-defense (when they "directly participate in hostilities") and when they support one of the parties to the conflict.
▸ Peacekeeping
The humanitarian law rules applicable will depend on the international or non-international character of the conflict. The qualification is not at the discretion of the parties to the conflict. Humanitarian law sets out criteria for factual and objective qualification in order to avoid controversy. These criteria are interpreted and clarified by the recent jurisprudence of the International Criminal Tribunals.
▸ International armed conflict ▸ Non-international armed conflict
In the case of non-international armed conflicts, a non-state armed group recognized as a party to the conflict is bound to respect humanitarian law. However, humanitarian law does not recognize to members of armed groups the right to use force and, hence, the status of "combatants" and the rights attached hereto, for example, prisoner-of-war status and immunity from prosecution for mere participation in hostilities. Where IHL is silent, members of non-state armed groups remain subject to their domestic law, which considers them as criminals and grants the right to use force only to the national army. This situation creates a legal asymmetry that breaks the principle of legal equality of parties to the conflict, normally provided for by IHL.
It is possible to solve this issue by signing a special agreement between the parties to the conflict, as suggested by Common Article 3 (see supra). The possibility of an ad hoc agreement agreed upon by the State party to the conflict can help to restore a balance between the application of the provisions provided for by humanitarian law and those provided for by domestic law in non-international armed conflicts. This possibility allows parties to the conflict to enforce some or all provisions of Additional Protocol II without entailing the legal recognition of the non-state party to the conflict. This is particularly important to overcome the fear that signing such an agreement will give legitimacy to the opposing party and to enable the State to sign an agreement with a group considered illegitimate with regard to domestic law.
The classic rules of reciprocity do not apply in the case of international humanitarian law.
The fact that a party to a conflict has not ratified or has failed to respect the Geneva Conventions does not free the other party from its obligation to respect humanitarian law (GCI–IV Common Arts. 1 and 2). This is particularly important in the case of non-international armed conflicts where there is a legal and practical asymmetry between parties to the conflict: on the one hand the State, and, on the other, individuals and non-state armed groups, which may be regarded as criminals in the eyes of domestic law.
▸ Belligerent ▸ Civilians ▸ Combatants ▸ Customary international law ▸ High Contracting Parties ▸ International armed conflict ▸ International conventions ▸ Legal status of the parties to the conflict ▸ Non-international armed conflict ▸ Non-state armed groups ▸ Peacekeeping ▸ Private military companies ▸ Respect for international humanitarian law ▸ Special agreement
For Additional Information: Kleffner, Jann. "The Applicability of International Humanitarian Law to Organized Armed Groups." International Review of the Red Cross 882 (June 2011): 443–61.
Meyrowitz, H., M. Sassoli, and Y. Shany. "Should the Obligations of States and Armed Groups under International Humanitarian Law Really Be Equal?" International Review of the Red Cross 882 (June 2011): 425–36.
Perrin, Benjamin, ed. Modern Warfare: Armed Groups, Private Militaries, Humanitarian Organizations and the Law . Vancouver: UBC Press, 2012, part 1.
Pfanner, Tony. "Asymmetrical Warfare from the Perspective of Humanitarian Law and Humanitarian Action." International Review of the Red Cross 857 (March 2005): 149–74.
Somer, Jonathan. "Jungle Justice: Passing Dentence on the Equality of Belligerents in Non-international Armed Conflict." International Review of the Red Cross 867 (September 2007): 655–90.
Vité, Sylvain. "Typology of Armed Conflicts in International Humanitarian Law: Legal Concepts and Actual Situations." International Review of the Red Cross 873 (March 2009): 69–94.
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