This is the number one item on the list. Who is the customer you are targeting? This is the idea that all the other tips will be based on. Do a little homework so you can be able to come up with the customer you are looking to sell to.
TIP 2: Are the Benefits Displayed Prominently?
Most people tend to focus on the features that show how good it tastes or easy it is to use. It is far much better to focus on how the product benefits the customer. This is where the real power of selling lies.
You should not put all your effort into one design. Come up with different and compare them. See what catches your eye, what stands out, and you can get other people who are consumers involved. Don't assume that if you like it everyone will like it.
The price of the product must have an influence on the design. Trying to over design will cause you to spend more on product packaging than necessary.
Take time to see where the package will be displayed and the packages set next to it. Is your competition using a large box with multiple pieces while yours is a small box? Go to the stores that you would like your products to be in and see how it will fit. You will be able to stay in front of your competition.
TIP 6: How Unique is The Product?
There are times when the package is too unusual or unique to be displayed on the stands. Make it easier for them to display the product. You can also use promotional products such as Promotional Umbrellas to increase brand awareness.
The answer will usually be driven by the price. You should try your best to package it to its best advantage without making it too costly.
Do you have two or more products? If this is the case, then the branding should be consistent all across because it will help in commanding more attention on the aisle. You will have more space and this will grab visual attention. The more attention you get the more sales you make.
You should think the interaction between the shopper and product. Is the store willing to display it out of the package, are they allowed to touch it?
There should be room to show the benefits of the product. If the product is small, consider using the header to get more room for info or photos.
TIP 11: Are You Starting a Brand?
A good package design will consider the future. Multiple products will command more attention and are also more attractive offering to a store.
TIP 12: Make It POP!
You should choose a color that will be easier to notice. Many companies have used a given color and this helped them stand out and create a brand. Once you have established the color, the competitors will have a harder time using it because it looks like your brand. This can take time, but it is important to plan.
The words should be to the point and succinct. You should view the text on the packaging as Google AdWords – ensure it says the most with the least. You can use illustrations and photos to describe the product better and how to use it.
The right picture will be worth a thousand words.
You should choose a quality printer. Ensure the printer you choose has experience in printing packages. The quality of printing on the product will be seen as a reflection of the quality of the product.
You will have four seconds to catch the attention of the shopper in the aisle, and this is where you need to convey the benefits of the products over your competition. The shopper will make the decision in that short period of time, and he/she will rely on their perception derived from the package.
The above tips will help you design the perfect package. You should consider applying them all. If you don't know where you can start, consider getting a professional to help you out. You need to wisely invest because you are in business. The package will be the first interaction and you need to ensure it is the best.


text:
Q: Is it possible to filter odata on collection property of a expanded entity I have a entity, [Part],
which has a navigation property [Representation]
and in the entity [Representation] there is a property [Files], which is entity file array
my question is :
is is possible to filter the Part on the for which Representation.Files has filetype='pdf'
I tried this but failed
  Part?$filter=Representation/any(r:r/Files/filetype eq 'pdf')&$expand=representation

$metadata extract:
<EntityType Name="Part" BaseType="Entity">
  <NavigationProperty Name="Representations" Type="Collection(Representation)"> </NavigationProperty>
</EntityType>
<EntityType Name="Representation">
  <Property Name="AdditionalFiles" Type="Collection(RepresentationHyperlink)"> </Property>
</EntityType>

Note: Files is a property with an array type, it is not a navigation property.

A: In OData v4, if Files was a Collection navigation property then the following will work:
...Part?$filter=Representation/Files/any(f:f/filetype eq 'pdf')&$expand=representation

The any function operates on the many navigation link, so it should appear immediately after it, not before it.
Not Supported
Due to Files NOT being a collection property, and instead being an array value, this is outside of the scope of the OData v4 spec.
Some API implementations do support array values in the model however this is usually achieved through fancy mapping in the OData configuration, from an OData point of view these properties have to be expressed as Collection properties for lambda operators to evaluate.

An alternate solution in this scenario is to create a function on the controller to handle this request specifically, either to pass in the file type to filter on or make an explicit function that returns just the pdf representations.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Karen Webster, President and Co-Founder of Glitterrings just launched jewelry line last month exemplifying more than 30 years of expertise in the fashion jewelry industry. Glitterrings redefines glamour, elegance and luxury by introducing to us exceptional designs, quality and price. So here at Jones, we got a chance to talk to Karen Webster on her jewelry line,being in the fashion industry and celebrity collaboration.
1.Where are you from and did that inspire your jewelry style?
I am from NY and have always been interested in fashion. I started sewing my own clothes when I was 12 years old, and then pursued Fashion Design at Cornell University. That experienced really helped to drive my passion to create interesting and beautiful things.
2.How did you come about making jewelry?
I started in the jewelry industry in 1990 as an assistant buyer in Costume Jewelry for Hecht Co., a Washington DC based division of the late May Co. I was always the buyer that was looking for something different and pushing my vendors to develop new finishes, colors and styles that I could turn into bestselling looks that would maximize our sales. After several years, that "pushing" was noted when one of my vendors was looking for a product manager for BIJOUX GIVENCHY brand jewelry and tapped me for the position. That position gave me the opportunity to travel the Asia where we enjoyed a strong business and, of course, to Paris, France to see the amazing runway shows and work with the creative GIVENCHY team there.
3.What year did you launch your line/where are you based?
GLITTERRINGS just launched in May of 2011. We have a NY city showroom which also serves as the office for Sales, Marketing, PR, Design and Product Development. Our main office in CA handles all of administrative and shipping operations.
4.How long have you been in the Fashion Industry?
I have been working in the fashion industry, for 27 years, since 1984 when I took my first job as an assistant manager at Plymouth Shops (Career Fashions for Women) in Washington DC. I spent 6 years in retail sales management at various companies which gave me an advantage as I moved into the buying office where my experiences gave me a unique perspective on buying product assortments and executing presentations at point of sale. In turn my buying experience gave me another advantage as I moved into the wholesale/manufacturing world, as I had a keen understanding of what would sell in terms of style and price, and on how concepts would execute on the sales floor. On the manufacturing side I gained a world of knowledge regarding design and product development. Cumulatively all of my experiences have given me a very well rounded perspective and skill set that brought GLITTERRINGS to life.
5.What the most challenging aspect of the business your in?
Singularly, the most challenging aspect would be staying competitive….in styling and price. In the costume jewelry world price value is paramount. With so many manufacturers and brands in the market all vying for the same customers, it is a critical to stay tuned into your customer's needs for styling and price/value. Our particular challenge is price as we use higher than average materials. GLIITTERRINGS was founded on providing high quality fashion jewelry for an affordable price. I think of GLITTERRINGS as investment fashion jewelry – In the end this means that you will be able to wear GLIITERRINGS for many years, with proper care, versus tossing it after 3 wears because the plating wore off or the stones fell out. Educating our customers about the quality and workmanship of GLITTERRINGS is key to our success.
6.What makes your line different than other jewelry designers?
The design, quality and workmanship differentiate GLITTERRINGS from its competitors. We have designers all over the Globe working with us bringing new ideas and fresh points of view from Europe to Asia.
Anything and everything visual can serve as inspiration from nature and different cultures to architecture and furniture.
8.I see your jewelry line specializes in rings, do you think in the future you'll be expanding?
Yes! As a manufacturer we produce all classifications of jewelry and Have already started the line expansion with the introduction of the Princess jewelry collection inspired by Princess Kate.
9. Are there any celebrity sightings, found wearing your rings?
Not yet, but we will soon be announcing an exciting celebrity collaboration.
10. Are there any new and exciting pieces coming out for soon?
Yes. We have just introduced some amazing new styling in wood and also new designs in all jet black metal and stones – very dramatic and on trend! 2 Finger rings are still trending and we offer several of those as well.
This collection certainly boasts some unique styles such as the corset ring....I look forward to upcoming collections.


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Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupé.
Not your everyday vehicle. Fully suitable for everyday use.
Mercedes-AMG GT 53 4MATIC+
Sporty output amounting to
435 hp
Figures for rated output and rated torque pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 715/2007 in the currently applicable version.

with the 3.0-litre major assembly.
Powerful sprint in
from 0 to 100 km/h.
Unexpectedly versatile, unmistakably AMG GT: the Mercedes-AMG GT 53 4MATIC+ 4-Door Coupé.
The new Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupé combines impressive sports car performance with the suitability for everyday use of an elegant four-door. An expressive design with deep-drawn bonnet, dominant front and muscular body language emphasises the sport genes of the four-door coupé. One press of the start button confirms: the Mercedes-AMG GT 53 4MATIC+ 4-Door Coupé belongs to the top of the pack. Thanks to the innovative and highly efficient, in-line, 6-cylinder engine producing 435 hp
Figures for rated output and rated torque pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 715/2007 in the currently applicable version.
, active aerodynamics and the AMG SPEEDSHIFT TCT 9-speed transmission this is possible from the outset.
Mercedes-AMG GT 53 4MATIC+: combined fuel consumption: 9.4 l/100 km, combined CO2 emissions: 209-215 g/km
The stated figures were obtained in accordance with the prescribed measuring process. They constitute the "NEDC CO2 figures" pursuant to Article Art. 2, No. 1 of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153. Fuel consumption values have been calculated on this basis. Electrical consumption has been determined on the basis of Regulation 692/2008/EC.

More about the Mercedes-AMG GT 53 4MATIC+.
Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+
Powerful performance amounting to
of the V8 twin turbo engine
Explosive sprints in
Driving dynamics at motorsport level, explosive sprints, maximum comfort. The Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+ 4-Door Coupé marks the top spot of the four-door model range. Its dynamic AMG engine mounts guarantee the best-possible connection of the 639 hp
Figures for rated output and rated torque pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 715/2007 in the currently applicable version.
 strong engine to the body in any handling situation. Especially with a sporty driving style the electronically controlled AMG locking differential enables improved acceleration from corners. The four-door coupé not only shoots from 0 to 100 km/h in 3.2 seconds: thanks to the additional RACE drive program including Drift Mode it also enables sporty driving manoeuvres. And the striking front in jet wing design with trim element makes it clear the first time you set your eyes on it: this is a Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupé.
Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+: combined fuel consumption: 11.2 l/100 km, combined CO2 emissions: 257 g/km
The stated figures were obtained in accordance with the prescribed measuring process. They constitute the "NEDC CO2 figures" pursuant to Article Art. 2, No. 1 of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153. Fuel consumption values have been calculated on this basis. Electrical consumption has been determined on the basis of Regulation 692/2008/EC.

More about the Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+.
Aesthetic. Athletic.
Energy. Concentrated.
for energy. Concentrated.
The Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+ 4-Door Coupé fully represents the design philosophy of AMG: sensual purity, striking proportions and a voluminous body.
More space, more power, more goose bumps – the new Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door variant delivers new dimensions of driving results. It is clear to which performance family this sports car is attributed to. The motorsport DNA is in every fibre of the coupé and makes the four-door vehicle a pure-bred sports car.
More performance
Less performance
Ingeniously brutal.
The rear view of the Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+ 4-Door Coupé featuring muscular shoulders, rounded rear and severely protruding wheel wells underline its association with the GT range.
The extremely slim LED tail lamps including dynamic turn indicator, the typical loading edge line as well as the multi-stage, extending or optionally fixed rear spoiler spark emotions – and one step on the accelerator will only intensify the feeling. This is when you hear the unmistakable sound of the switchable AMG Performance exhaust system. Fully-fledged GT feeling.
Follows an ideal line.
The front of the new Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupé alone leaves absolutely no doubt as to its origin or its performance. Its relation to the classic AMG GT in unmistakable.
Slim MULTIBEAM LED headlamps, two powerdomes on the bonnet, large air inlets and the AMG-specific radiator grille prepare for battle. As is the case in the AMG GT R, a radiator blind, the so-called AIRPANEL, positioned in front of the central radiator air inlet improves the vehicle's aerodynamic efficiency.
Free. Style.
Elegance meets pure, sporty character: the frameless side windows and the acutely angled windscreen, tilting far towards the rear, play with the elements of classic coupé design.
The row of seats in the rear almost seamlessly integrates into the characteristic lines of the AMG GT models. With its tapered lateral drops, wide shoulders and the strongly protruding wheel wells the Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+ 4-Door Coupé makes a clear statement: sporty character's new shape has four doors.
Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+: combined fuel consumption: 11.2l/100 km, combined CO2 emissions: 257g/km
The stated figures were obtained in accordance with the prescribed measuring process. They constitute the "NEDC CO2 figures" pursuant to Article Art. 2, No. 1 of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153. Fuel consumption values have been calculated on this basis. Electrical consumption has been determined on the basis of Regulation 692/2008/EC.

At home at the limits.
At the destination. Already when you get in.
Thanks to the new auxiliary switches on the AMG Performance steering wheel in nappa leather
Only available for AMG-GT 53 4MATIC
 you are firmly in control of everything: change various parameters of your sports car and configure your personal setup.
Thanks to the individually configurable instrument cluster and the central media display with 12.3-inch colour display you always have all relevant information at hand. New and unique: eight display buttons that have been integrated into the centre console and a switch element in the operating panel.
The cockpit of the new Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4MATIC+ 4-Door Coupé convinces with extremely high-grade materials and production quality. The new AMG fragrance delivers additional performance for your senses.
Safety and comfort: AMG seats in high-grade Exclusive nappa leather or AMG Performance seats in sporty DINAMICA microfibre
Optional
 with coloured, contrasting topstitching offer excellent lateral support.
First-class on all seats.
More space, more power, more goose bumps: the new Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door vehicle offers more space and more usage options. Fully-fledged motorsport feeling with the comfort of a genuine saloon.
The consistent expansion of the AMG GT range by the 4-Door Coupé opens up the sports car segment to customers seeking a vehicle for everyday use who do not want to do without the unique performance of Mercedes-AMG. Individual equipment packages round off the interior.
Ahead of the pack. Even in the rear.
Three different rear seat variants.
The rear of the Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupé offers maximum comfort. Apart from individual seats and the continuous bench seat, two individually folding seats featuring a functional Business centre console are also optionally available. Comfort individual seats offer even more luxury and create a high-quality ambiance. In the rear, passengers have access to comprehensive infotainment functions and convenient features. The optional, High-Class rear suite offers many individual adjustment options and convenience features, such as temperature-controlled cup holders, a wireless charging function and a touchscreen. The folding seats additionally enhance the load capacity. Consequently, in the rear of the four-door coupé you also sit in the top spot.
Customised driving performance.
Find out more about the drive in the Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupé.
Electronic AMG locking differential.
The electronically controlled AMG locking differential provides improved traction in every driving situation, especially when the driver adopts a sporty driving style. This enables improved acceleration from corners.
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AMG RIDE CONTROL+
Optional for AMG-GT 53 4MATIC

The GT-specific, adapted AMG air suspension system practically combines two suspension systems in one. From comfortable to sporty: strong performance in any situation.
AMG SPEEDSHIFT MCT 9G
Only available for AMG-GT 63 S 4MATIC

Ideal for a particularly dynamic driving style. Fast, sporty gear-changing or barely noticeable shift operations according to the selected driving mode:
Thanks to 9 gears the engine is almost always within the ideal speed range.
AMG rear axle steering
More agility: the rear axle steers in the opposite direction up to a speed of 100 km/h to virtually cut the wheelbase. More safety: from a speed of 100 km/h it steers in the same direction and thus virtually extends the wheelbase.
4MATIC+
The all-wheel drive variably links the rear axle to the front axle and thus guarantees ideal torque distribution. This enables gradually switching over between all-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive.
Dynamic AMG engine mounts
Dynamic AMG engine mounts guarantee the best-possible connection between engine and body in any handling situation. The basic character of the setup is specified using the drive programs.
The Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupé gallery.
Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupé
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Roll cage held together by duct tape!
Published by SWVaux Staff on 19/08/2016 19/08/2016
What's the solution of everyday 'manly' problems when something is broke? Use duct tape.
But not just any kind of duct tape is good enough for all the tasks. And here's why – if you run a car that has duct tape-reinforced roll cage off a cliff and you are inside, you'd probably die. But if you use the "strong as steel" FiberFix, your chances of surviving are much higher.
This is basically what a new ad for the product, featuring actor and comedian Jason Gray, tells us. The video already has more than four million views on Facebook without any kind of paid media to support it.
The opening scenes of the ad were filmed near Utah Lake in an abandoned rock quarry, where a car survives a jump from a cliff just because it's using a roll cage, held together by FiberFix. The video was produced by the Harmon Brothers' team, which actually used the tape during the brainstorming process for the clip.
"The mentality in the ad world is that five minutes is too long, but people will watch and share if it's punchy," Jeffrey Harmon from Harmon Borthers said. "The real test will be sales—does it make people click and buy?"
Reduced traffic wasn't enough to protect British motorists from potholes last year
The RAC attended almost 1,500 breakdowns that were believed to be caused by potholes in the fourth quarter of last year.
British drivers to escape EU speed camera fines due to Brexit
There isn't much to celebrate these days, but one Brexit positive for motorists is that the EU might no longer have a mechanism for getting UK residents to pay for violations that incurred on the continent and were captured by speed cameras.
Vauxhall Insignia Honoured At Company Car Today Awards For Third Year Running
Vauxhall is once again celebrating prestigious accolades received for the Insignia, which has been named Upper Medium Car of the Year for the third year in a row at Company Car Today's CCT100 Awards.
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Missouri House Fire Kills 4 Family Members Including Teen Girl and Her 2 Grandparents, Injures 2 Others
Facebook (2), gofundme(2)
Four people and a family dog are dead and two others injured after a fire erupted at a home in De Soto, Missouri, this weekend.
The blaze started around 2 a.m. on Sunday and claimed the lives of Joe Detter, 76, and his wife, 74-year-old Frances Detter, according to KMOV.
The couple's daughter, 37-year-old Sherri Detter, was also killed, along with their 18-year-old granddaughter, Kari Detter.
The two survivors were Kari and Sherri's boyfriends, the outlet said. The two men escaped the burning home by hopping out of second-story windows, family members told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. One of them remains hospitalized.
Joe was remembered as a "great friend" by the Hillsboro Chamber of Commerce.
"We are so saddened and at a loss of words to hear of the loss of Joe Detter, his wife and granddaughter," they said in a statement to KMOV. "He has been
on October 10, 2020 October 10, 2020 DESINGNS
Jessica Mulroney designs range of flower girl dresses two years after daughter did the role for best pal Meghan Markle
MEGHAN Markle's best friend Jessica Mulroney has designed a range of flower dress, two years on from her daughter doing the role at the Royal wedding.
The stylist's daughter Ivy, now seven, was a flower girl at Prince Harry and Meghan's May 2018 wedding – while her sons Brian and John, ten, were page boys.
Jessica Mulroney's daughter Ivy modelling her new range of flower girl outfitsCredit: Instagram
The tot, right, was previously a flower girl for Meghan Markle. Pictured with mum Jessica, Kate Middleton and Princess CharlotteCredit: AFP and licensors
Jessica, 40, from Toronto, posted a pic of Ivy in a pink flower girl dress on Instagram this week.
She captioned it: "Ivy has bridal in her blood. New simple, elegant and affordable flower girl dresses designed by me coming soon as well as other curated bridal gifts."
Jessica recently hit back at claims the
on October 8, 2020 October 8, 2020 CLEANING BATHROOM
Baby Girl Sees Her Dad With No Beard For The First Time And She's Not Okay
For the first few years of their lives, kids rely on their senses to understand the world. Before they have words to say, they understand a lot through sight and touch.
A little girl in Calgary was just starting to talk, but she knew what her daddy looked like. She loved to spend time with him and play with his big, bushy beard.
That little girl, Dot, was in for a surprise when her dad disappeared into the bathroom one day. She crawls down the hallway, wanting to be back with him. When he emerges from the bathroom, he's got a big surprise.
Dot's dad, Josh, decided to capture her reaction to seeing him clean shaven. It's the first time she's seen him with no beard.
He comes out of the bathroom and scoops her back up into his arms. She stares, surprised, before bursting into tears.


One of the newer gambling products on the market is the computer program Frugal Video Poker developed by Jim Wolf and highly recommended and marketed by Jean Scott. Jean, as many of you know, is the author of the popular books The Frugal Gambler and More Frugal Gambling, both published by Huntington Press of Las Vegas. I recently saw Jean in Tunica, Mississippi where we were both on the program at Frank Scoblete's Gambler's Jamboree. Jean was kind enough to give me a copy of her Video Poker program to look over and I am glad that she did for I think it is a dandy program.
First of all it has the usual graphics and sound of a tutor program, with a plethora of different versions of Video Poker that one can play, the ability of the user to define a game, warnings when an incorrect play is made, and statistical records of one's play. There is one feature, however, that sets this program apart from other fine Video Poker programs. To adequately explain it I'll need a bit of history.
;In 1992 Lenny Frome published Americas National Game of Chance - Video Poker; his coauthor was Maryann Guberman. This, to the best of my knowledge, was the first book ever written on the subject. The following year Lenny published Winning Strategies for Video Poker. This second book was a collection of strategy tables that provided near optimum strategy for over 50 video poker machines. Let me define what I mean by a strategy table. It is a linear ordering of one, two, three, four, and five-card hands in order of their expected value (EV) in terms of holding them for the draw. For example, in 9/6 Jacks or Better, a 4-card flush is a stronger hand than a 3-card royal, so it appears above the 3-card royal in the list of hands. Thus if we were dealt AH, QH, TH, 6C, 4H the table would tell us that holding the AH, QH, TH, 4H is a better play than holding AH, QH, TH.
Notice in the above paragraph I used the words "near optimum." This is because it is, in general, impossible to linearly order video poker hands. Let me illustrate this with an example. Suppose that in 10/7 Double Bonus Poker we are dealt KH, QH, 3H, 8D, 6C. Should we hold the 2-card royal or the 3-card flush with two high cards? It turns out that with 5 coins played the 2-card royal has an EV of 2.8252 coins and the 3-card flush has an EV of 2.8168 coins; we should hold the 2-card royal. Thus it would seem that KQ royal should appear higher in our strategy table than the 3-card flush with two high cards.
But wait! Suppose that we are dealt KH, QH, 3H, 9D, 6C. Now the KQ3 has an EV of 2.8168 and the KQ has an EV of 2.8005, a bigger difference than the first example. The reason is that by throwing away the 9 we reduce the probability that the KQ will lead to a straight. This is known as straight interference or a penalty card situation. Even though the difference in the EVs is larger in the second example, more hands of the type without straight interference will occur in play, so it really doesn't matter which choice is put above which.
Jean's program gives the player of any video poker game the option of playing using a strategy table with no penalty card entries. That is to say, rather than providing exact optimal play in terms of either advice or flagging errors, one can choose to only be corrected or given advice based on a simplified strategy table. In my opinion this is a wonderful way to learn the game. One can print out the strategy table for study (in color, no less) and then can play the game according to that strategy. When I play I make my choice and if in doubt I click on the 'Show Best Hand' button to see if I did indeed make the right choice. Once you learn the strategy table, you'll be playing with an accuracy that costs you only pennies per hour at the quarter level. At that point, if you wish to take the time, you can switch to the perfect strategy mode and start learning the exceptions that arise from penalty cards. I think this option in Frugal Video Poker makes it my choice for the best teaching aid that one can buy. Great job, Jean!


Who is David Langlois? Was David Langlois arrested? When was David Langlois arrested? What was David Langlois arrested for? Is this a mugshot of David Langlois? Are there more Mugshots of David Langlois? Are Mugshot laws constitutional? Who decides which Mugshots are Indexed? Why must Mugshots remain public mugshots and public record? Is this the David Langlois you know?
David Langlois was booked in York County, ME.
The following Official Record of David Langlois is being redistributed by Mugshots.com and is protected by constitutional, publishing, and other legal rights. This Official Record was collected from a Law Enforcement agency on 8/17/2013.


text:
DYNAMICALLY DEFINING QUEUES AND AGENTS IN A CONTACT CENTER
In one embodiment, an automatic call distributor apparatus is provided, including a network interface operable to receive a request for a service, and a processor operable to assign the request to a queue and to associate a number of resources with the queue based upon a determination of at least one dynamic parameter of the queue. Advantageously, resources may be allocated to queues in a flexible, efficient, and dynamic manner.
Collins, Kevin T. (Roseville, CA, US)
Chahrouri, Gebran G. (Menlo Park, CA, US)
Lee, Johnny H. (San Gabriel, CA, US)
H04L12/56
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MORLAN, ROBERT M
Haynes and Boone, LLP (IP Section 2323 Victory Avenue SUITE 700, Dallas, TX, 75219, US)
1. An apparatus comprising: a network interface operable to receive a request for a service; and a processor operable to assign the request to a queue and to associate a number of resources with the queue based upon a determination of at least one dynamic parameter of the queue.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one dynamic parameter is selected from the group consisting of average wait time in the queue, number of requests in the queue, percentage of requests handled within a service level, age of oldest request, priority of the request, position of request in the queue, expected revenue from the request, age or status of customer relationship management (CRM) case associated with the request, number of resources associated with the queue in various states, time of day, day of week, and time until shift change.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one dynamic parameter may be inputted using a logical operator.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to receive at least one agent parameter for the queue.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one agent parameter is selected from the group consisting of statically configured parameters such as agent skills, competency levels, team or group designation, and preference for request, and dynamic parameters such as status of current activity, number of requests currently being handled, performance score for a request type or a specific request, and location.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one agent parameter may be inputted using a logical operator.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the determination of the at least one dynamic parameter is processed at various times selected from the group consisting of receipt of the at least one dynamic parameter, when a request enters or leaves the queue, an amount of time after a request enters the queue, at a certain time of day, when a real-time statistic reaches a threshold, and when a resource is created or deleted.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the network interface is operably coupled to a communication network selected from the group consisting of a local area network, a wide area network, the Internet, a public switched telephone network (PSTN), and a metropolitan area network.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a user interface, an agent database, and a call request database.
10. Logic encoded in one or more tangible media for execution and when executed operable to: receive a request for a service; assign the request to a queue; determine at least one dynamic parameter of the queue; and associate a number of resources with the queue based upon the determination of the at least one dynamic parameter.
11. The logic of claim 10, wherein the at least one dynamic parameter is selected from the group consisting of average wait time in the queue, number of requests in the queue, percentage of requests handled within a service level, age of oldest request, priority of the request, position of request in the queue, expected revenue from the request, age or status of customer relationship management (CRM) case associated with the request, number of resources associated with the queue in various states, time of day, day of week, and time until shift change.
12. The logic of claim 10, further operable to receive the at least one dynamic parameter including a logical operator.
13. The logic of claim 10, further operable to receive at least one agent parameter selected from the group consisting of statically configured parameters such as agent skills, competency levels, team or group designation, and preference for request, and dynamic parameters such as status of current activity, number of requests currently being handled, performance score for a request type or a specific request, and location.
14. A method comprising: receiving a request for a service; assigning the request to a queue; determining at least one dynamic parameter of the queue; and associating a number of resources with the queue based upon the determination of the at least one dynamic parameter.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the at least one dynamic parameter is selected from the group consisting of average wait time in the queue, number of requests in the queue, percentage of requests handled within a service level, age of oldest request, priority of the request, position of request in the queue, expected revenue from the request, age or status of customer relationship management (CRM) case associated with the request, number of resources associated with the queue in various states, time of day, day of week, and time until shift change.
16. The method of claim 14, further comprising receiving the at least one dynamic parameter including at least one logical operator.
17. The method of claim 14, further comprising receiving at least one agent parameter including at least one logical operator.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the at least one agent parameter is selected from the group consisting of statically configured parameters such as agent skills, competency levels, team or group designation, and preference for request, and dynamic parameters such as status of current activity, number of requests currently being handled, performance score for a request type or a specific request, and location.
19. The method of claim 14, further comprising changing a set of resources associated with the queue.
20. The method of claim 14, further comprising determining the at least one dynamic parameter at various times selected from the group consisting of receipt of the at least one dynamic parameter, when a request enters or leaves the queue, an amount of time after a request enters the queue, at a certain time of day, when a real-time statistic reaches a threshold, and when a resource is created or deleted.
The present disclosure relates generally to call centers and resource association and allocation.
Automatic call distributors (ACDs) typically define one or more queues that distribute callers that want a particular type of service to agents who can provide that service. Agents may be associated with the queue through direct or indirect assignment. Direct assignment usually involves statically assigning one or more agents or agent groups to a queue, in which the system administrator must manually assign new agents to the queue or remove agents from the queue as dictated by demand. Indirect assignment usually involves specifying one or more configured attributes (e.g., skill and/or competency level) for both the agent and the queue, in which case the system places each agent in each of the queues for which the agent possesses all of the necessary attributes.
Typically, the indirect assignment approach allows the set of agents that belong to a queue to be changed only when the configured attributes for an agent or a queue is changed (i.e., static assignment). The indirect assignment approach does not provide a flexible way of specifying which combination(s) of attributes should be used for agent-queue assignment and also does not provide for dynamic evaluation. In one example, current systems require a call center supervisor to recognize that a change in system conditions requires more agents to answer calls and then the supervisor is required to either manually make configuration changes or to inform agents to login to overloaded queues. This process is inefficient and slow to respond to changes in call rates, which reduces the level of service provided to callers.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus is provided, including a network interface operable to receive a request for a service, such as connection with an agent, and a processor operable to assign the request to a queue and to associate a number of resources with the queue based upon a determination of at least one dynamic parameter of the queue.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, logic encoded in one or more tangible media for execution is provided, the logic when executed being operable to: receive a request for a service, assign the request to a queue, determine at least one dynamic parameter of the queue, and associate a number of resources with the queue based upon the determination of the at least one dynamic parameter.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a method is provided, including receiving a request for a service, assigning the request to a queue, determining at least one dynamic parameter of the queue, and associating a number of resources with the queue based upon the determination of the at least one dynamic parameter.
Advantageously, one embodiment of the present invention provides for flexible, efficient, and dynamic allocation of resources to queues.
The scope of the invention is defined by the claims, which are incorporated into this section by reference. A more complete understanding of embodiments of the present invention will be afforded to those skilled in the art, as well as a realization of additional advantages thereof, by a consideration of the following detailed description of one or more embodiments. Reference will be made to the appended sheets of drawings that will first be described briefly.
FIG. 1 illustrates an example system for automatic call distribution.
FIG. 2 illustrates an example automatic call distributor in the system illustrated in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 illustrates an example method for dynamically designating agents to a queue.
Embodiments of the present invention and their advantages are best understood by referring to the detailed description that follows. It should be appreciated that like reference numerals are used to identify like elements illustrated in one or more of the figures. It should also be appreciated that the figures may not be necessarily drawn to scale.
DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1, an example system for automatic call distribution is illustrated. The system includes a plurality of requests 102 for a service, such as connection to a call center agent, via a communication network 104. Requests 102 may refer to service type, human callers, and/or the various communication devices used by the human callers, such as telephones and computers. Callers may initiate requests through various applicable media, including but not limited to email, instant message, chat, and fax.
Communication network 104 may include various networks such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN), an integrated services digital network (ISDN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network, and/or a wireless local area network (WLAN), that support standards such as Ethernet, wireless fidelity (WiFi), and/or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). Other protocols for communication are also within the scope of the present invention. Communication network 104 may generally include any network capable of transmitting audio and/or video telecommunication signals, data, and/or messages, and may be implemented in any form of wireless or wireline communication network.
An automatic call distributor (ACD) 106 places the plurality of requests in queues to be handled by a plurality of resources 108 dynamically associated with the queues. Resources 108 may refer to human agents and/or the communication devices used by agents, such as telephones, headsets, and computers. Various other resources include but are not limited to an interactive voice response (IVR) port capable of speaking back information provided by customer-written logic, an Automatic Speech Recognition resource capable of understanding words spoken by the requester, a Text to Speech resource capable of speaking dynamically generated information back to the caller, a resource capable of understanding key words or phrases in the incoming test request (e.g., email, IM, chat), and logic that controls all resources and formulates a response that is sent back in the appropriate media. It is noted that the system may also use any combination of these resources to respond to a request.
In one embodiment, a user, such as a call center supervisor, is able to enter a logical expression (e.g., a Boolean expression) into ACD 106 to define a queue and/or the resources to be associated with the queue (e.g., agents to answer calls in the queue). The logical expression may include a plurality of dynamic conditions or parameters for the queue, a plurality of resource attributes or parameters, and/or a plurality of logical operators as desired. Queue dynamic parameters may include but are not limited to various real-time statistics about the agent, call, and/or system, such as average wait time in the queue, number of requests in the queue, percentage of requests handled within a service level, and age of oldest request. Other queue parameters include but are not limited to priority of the request, position of request in the queue, expected revenue from the request, age or status of customer relationship management (CRM) case associated with the request, number of resources associated with the queue in various states (e.g., logged in, ready to take a request, serving a request), time of day, day of week, time until shift change (for the case of human agents). Some of these parameters may be calculated by the ACD and others may be calculated by external applications.
Resource parameters may include but are not limited to statically configured agent parameters such as agent skills, competency levels, prior association with the caller, team or group designation, new agent status, and preference for request, and dynamic agent parameters such as status of current activity, number of requests currently being handled, performance score for a request type or a specific request, and location. Logical operators may include but are not limited to AND, OR, GREATER THAN, LESS THAN, and EQUAL TO. Examples of expressions include "A OR B", "((A AND B) OR (A AND C))", and "IF (A>B) THEN C ELSE D", and so on, where A,B, and C are attributes/parameters or conditions in one example. In one embodiment, the resource parameters themselves can be statically configured or dynamically "learned" by the ACD via a variety of means. For example, a Contact Interaction Analyzer available from Cisco Systems, Inc. of San Jose, Calif., could periodically supply updated performance scores for one or more of the resources or agents.
ACD 106 may then evaluate the logical expression and dynamically associate resources with the queue based upon satisfying the logical expression in light of system conditions (e.g., determining type and number of resources to allocate to a queue). The evaluation of the logical expression may occur at configuration when the expression is created or modified, and/or dynamically in a wide variety of time frames or events, such as when a request enters or leaves the queue, an amount of time after a request enters the queue, on demand from the script controlling the request (e.g., when the requester provides a new dynamic parameter value), at a certain time of the day (e.g., agent shift change), and when various real-time statistics reach a threshold, such as the number of calls queued, and the age of the oldest call. ACD 106 may also evaluate the existing logical expression upon a change or modification of agent parameters or attributes or upon the creation and/or deletion of a new agent.
Thus, ACD 106 may dynamically adjust the set of resources that can address requests in a queue, for example making the set more or less restricted (i.e., contracting or expanding the set of resources that can answer requests in a queue) based upon dynamic system conditions. This is particularly advantageous when an event occurs that could affect desired system behavior for that queue. For example, consider a utility company that is experiencing sporadic outages. The company's contact center has queues for billing, new service activation, reporting service problems, and other areas of service. As each outage occurs, the number of calls to the service problems queue will spike. Previously, the supervisor had to detect the spike based on real-time reporting information, determine which agents who were not currently members of the queue could answer calls, and then take some action to add those agents to the queue. Advantageously, in one embodiment of the present invention, queues and agents are defined such that agents are automatically added to the queue by using dynamic parameters that reference a relevant set of dynamic system conditions, such as the number of calls in a queue and/or an average wait time. Applicable agents may then be searched and automatically allocated to the queue based upon agent parameters.
Allowing for various combinations of various attributes with logical operators provide for increased flexibility in defining a queue and/or resources to be associated with a queue. For example, consider a call center that provides support for the Microsoft Office suite of products: Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. The system may include three queues called "WordQ", "ExcelQ", and "PowerPointQ". The ACD may include four skills called "WordSkill", "ExcelSkill", "PowerPointSkill", and "OfficeSkill". An agent who is a specialist in one of the products would possess the matching skill with a competency level that describes how well the agent knows that product. An agent who has a broad knowledge of the entire Office suite would possess the "OfficeSkill" with the appropriate competency level. In the system's definition of WordQ, it may be desirable to include all agents who have a certain competency level at Word as well as all agents who have a certain competency level at Office, since many Word questions could relate to features that are common across all products in the suite. Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention allows for a logical expression for the queue to be flexibly specified, such as "WordSkill with competency of at least 5 OR OfficeSkill with competency of at least 8".
Thus, an embodiment of the present invention allows for improved flexibility and efficiency in defining queues in an environment of multiple services and in allocating resources with multiple skills and competency levels.
Referring now to FIG. 2 in conjunction with FIG. 1, an example of ACD 106 is illustrated. ACD 106 includes a processor 202 operably coupled via a bus 220 to the following components: a system state observer 204, a resource database 206, a call request database 208, a memory 210 (e.g., SDRAM or flash memory) via a memory interface, a queue 212, a distributor 214, a network interface 216 via an input/output port; and a user interface 218 via an input/output port. A real-time clock may also be coupled to processor 202 to be used for dynamic evaluation of logical expressions.
Processor 202 may be a microprocessor, controller, or any other suitable computing device or resource. Processor 202 may include a variety of processors (e.g., digital signal processors), conventional CPUs being applicable. When a request is received at ACD 106, processor 202 may use system state observer 204, a memory 210, databases 206 and 208, other memory modules, and other components to determine a queue and set of resources for the request.
System state observer 204 may be any combination of hardware, software, and/or encoded logic, and is used to monitor the "state" of each resource (e.g., agent availability, logged in status) and queue. Observer 204 may also monitor for and detect abandoned requests.
Resource database 206 includes data about available resources, such as agents, to be distributed among queues. Such data may include but is not limited to agent skills, competency level, prior call history, and activation date. Resource database 206 is a component that stores information in any applicable medium.
Call request database 208 includes data about past call requests, such as caller identification, agent interaction, subject matter, etc. Call request database 208 is a component that stores information in any applicable medium.
Memory 210 may include a variety of volatile or non-volatile memories, and in one example includes without limitation, magnetic media, optical media, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, removable media, or any other suitable local or remote memory component, or combination thereof. In one example, memory 210 may be used to store passwords, network and telecommunications programs, various protocols, and/or an operating system (OS).
Queue 212 includes pending requests from callers to be handled by a resource, such as agents or groups of agents, or an automated port, when an appropriate resource becomes available or the request is otherwise disposed of. A queue may be characterized by the user using a logical expression to define dynamic conditions that the queue must satisfy. The queue may also be characterized by the user using a logical expression to define the set of agents to be associated with the queue. It is noted that queue 212 may represent a single queue or a plurality of queues and that the system may include many instances of queue 212.
Distributor 214 connects a request from a queue with a resource (e.g., a service call to an appropriate agent) when a suitable resource is available to receive the incoming call. Processor 202 may select a resource after allocation of a set of resources to a queue and send an identifier of the selected resource to distributor 214 which completes the connection between the request and the resource.
Network interface 216 includes in one example, an adaptor for providing wired communications with a network, such as a LAN connector (e.g., a 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet port) via a MII interface, and/or a transmitter/receiver (transceiver) for providing wireless communications with a network and/or wireless device. A transceiver is a device that both transmits and receives/detects digital and/or analog signals, and in the context of the present invention is able to detect wireless signals from a wireless device requesting access to a network, and is further able to detect signals through a network wire and apply signals onto the network wire. Network interface 216 may communicate using any of various protocols known in the art for wireless or wired connectivity in one example.
User interface 218 is operably coupled to processor 202 and may include data input means, such as a keyboard, mouse, etc., and data display means, such as a display system. In one example, user interface 218 may include an alpha-numeric keypad and screen for entering or displaying dynamic queue parameters, agent parameters, and/or other information regarding queue or agent parameters. Other types of user interfaces, such as touch screens, are within the scope of the present invention.
A real-time clock may also be utilized to provide evaluation of the logical expression or parameters entered by the user based upon time (e.g., time, date, schedule) thereby dynamically associating agents to queues based upon dynamic system conditions.
It will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that ACD 106 may include any number of processors, observers, databases, memory modules, queues, distributors, and interfaces to accomplish the functionality and features described herein. Furthermore, ACD components (e.g., processor 202, system state observer 204, databases 206, 208, and memory 210) may be centrally located with respect to one another, or distributed throughout a network.
Referring now to FIG. 3 in conjunction with FIGS. 1 and 2, a flowchart of an example method of automatic resource allocation is illustrated. At a point in time, a request for a service is received by ACD 106 via a communication network and ACD 106 places the request in a queue while awaiting an available and appropriate resource. At step 302, at least one dynamic parameter for the queue is received by ACD 106, for example via user interface 218. Optionally, at step 304, resource parameters for the queue may also be received by ACD 106, for example via user interface 218. Advantageously, the dynamic parameter and resource parameter may be inputted via a logical expression including logical operators. At step 306, the dynamic parameter(s) (and resource parameters if entered) are evaluated by processor 202 which may utilize other components such as system state observer 204, resource database 206, call request database 208, memory 210, and queue 212. At step 308, ACD 106 associates/assigns resources with the queue based upon system conditions and the entered dynamic parameters or conditions. At step 310, a decision is made as to whether the parameters have been modified or initiated. If yes, the method goes back to step 302 and repeats the process to dynamically associate resources. If no, the method goes back to step 306 to evaluate the existing parameters or conditions and dynamically associate resources (e.g., expand, contract, or otherwise modify the resources associated to the queue, or keep the same).
As noted above, the decision block to evaluate parameters (and thereby dynamically associate resources) may be processed at various times. Step 302 correlates to an evaluation of a logical expression when the expression is created or modified. Step 306 correlates to an evaluation in a wide variety of time frames or events, such as when a call enters or leaves the queue, an amount of time after a call enters the queue (e.g., periodic evaluation), on demand from the script controlling the request, at a certain time of the day, and when various real-time statistics reach a threshold, such as the number of calls queued, and the age of the oldest call. ACD 106 may also evaluate the existing logical expression upon a change or modification of agent parameters or attributes or upon the creation or deletion of an agent.
Advantageously, embodiments of the present invention provide for flexible, efficient, and dynamic allocation of resources to queues. Allowing for various combinations of various attributes with logical operators provide for increased flexibility in defining or modifying a queue and associating resources to a queue. Furthermore, means for dynamic allocation of resources are provided, in which the resource pool for a queue may be dynamically checked and redefined if necessary based on a wide variety of system conditions.
Embodiments described above illustrate but do not limit the invention. It should also be understood that numerous modifications and variations are possible in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined only by the following claims.
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Atopic Dermatitis: Here's How Parents Can Take Care Of Kids With This Condition
In Singapore alone, 21% children have eczema, with atopic dermatitis particularly being its most common form. So we spoke to Dr Mark Koh to help break down the symptoms of atopic dermatitis in kids as well as learn how it can be treated.
In Singapore alone, about 21 per cent of children live with eczema. Atopic dermatitis in particular, is the most common form of the condition in kids. As it is the most common skin disorder in our country, it has also affected the lives of many young patients, parents and caregivers.
In fact, recent studies have found that at least one in every 10 adults and two in every 10 children in Singapore suffer from atopic dermatitis. The National Skin Centre even reports around 15,000 cases annually. Meanwhile, the paediatric dermatology service at KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH) sees at least 10 to 20 new AD cases a day.
With World Atopic Dermatitis Day taking place this week, theAsianparent reached out to Dr Mark Koh from KKH to talk us through atopic dermatitis in kids. The associate professor also shared advice on how parents can help their children suffering from such conditions.
What Is Atopic Dermatitis?
As per Dr Koh, atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease caused by a defective skin barrier as well as an overactive immune system.
"Atopic dermatitis' systemic nature means that it seriously impacts patients' lives beyond their skin. It almost always restricts life, impacts mental health and leads to the development of other diseases," he tells theAsianparent.
Dr Koh adds, "What we need to remember is that AD is not just a skin disease. It often leads to anxiety, depression and the development of other chronic conditions."
For individuals living with atopic dermatitis, it is important to be reminded of the following:
An accurate diagnosis is essential.
Do not give up. When atopic dermatitis patients receive timely and appropriate care, quality of life can be improved.
Atopic Dermatitis In Kids: Symptoms You Should Know
According to Dr Koh, the symptoms can appear on the skin as the following:
Scaly rash
"Children may often become irritable and uncomfortable because of their AD and have trouble sleeping, especially if the rash spreads," adds the associate professor.
Meanwhile, moderate to severe atopic dermatitis usually have the following symptoms:
Thick rashes often covering a large extent of the skin
Intense, persistent itching
Skin dryness, cracking, redness, crusting and oozing
There are also some cases wherein children may develop:
Fever from secondary skin infection
Itchy skin that can be painful or become oozy and wet due to chronic scratching
According to Dr Koh, the presentation of atopic dermatitis varies between infants, children, adolescents and adults.
Infants: atopic dermatitis affects the scalp and face
Children and adolescents: atopic dermatitis in kids often affects the flexural areas
Adults: the condition could affect the face, hands and feet
"If you have had AD for years, patches of your skin may be thick, leathery, and darker (or lighter) than the surrounding skin. Years of scratching causes this. The thickened skin can itch all the time," says Dr Koh.
He adds, "Adults and children with AD have an increased risk of developing coexisting type 2 inflammatory diseases, including asthma and hay fever."
While there is no specific test for the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis, most specialists would examine the skin and ask questions about symptoms as well as the child's past health. They will also be asked about other family members who might have the condition.
How Atopic Dermatitis In Kids Affects Their Lives And That Of Their Parents
Dr Koh tells us the impact of atopic dermatitis in kids and parents is "multidimensional and can be enormous, regardless of the severity of physical symptoms."
To elaborate more on how this skin disorder affects the lives of patients and their families, Dr Koh breaks it down to physical, psychosocial as well as how it impacts caregivers.
"The impact on patients begins with the physical discomfort and limitations. The most common complaint is itch, which is more pronounced in the night, leading to constant scratching, tearing of the skin and sleeplessness," explains the doctor.
He makes sure to add, "There are cases where atopic dermatitis leads to severe disabilities, where patients experience shivering and oozing sores. They need to be hospitalised and treated with intravenous therapy because of serious infection."
Psychosocial
"In paediatric groups, parental anxiety and concerns are significant and acting quick is essential. As eczema is associated with allergies, some parents may restrict their child's diet excessively, with detrimental impact on their physical and emotional wellbeing. Some become depressed, on top of being malnourished," says Dr Koh.
He adds that almost all children with atopic dermatitis are affected by nighttime itch, which can often result in sleepless nights. Because of this, the way they function at school is compromised and causes the child large amounts of stress.
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Atopic dermatitis has a very severe impact on the psyche, mainly on adolescents and youths (e.g. teenage girls with visible eczema on their face).
Dr Koh tells us, "Some patients with atopic dermatitis choose not to go out, thereby affecting their social life. While very young children are not bothered by their looks, the older ones and adult patients are, as atopic dermatitis is a highly visible condition.
"It affects their self-esteem and self-worth. In extreme cases, they may become suicidal," he adds.
It is also noted how children with eczema may get laughed at, bullied and isolated at school since their peers "do not understand that their condition is not contagious." Atopic dermatitis in kids can also strain family relationships as they struggle to deal with the condition.
Impact on Caregivers
"The burden of atopic dermatitis on caregivers is enormous," says Dr Koh. This is because managing and caring for the atopic dermatitis patient requires a lot of time.
There are even some parents who are greatly affected and blame themselves for the condition. But what they don't understand is that stress can be a trigger for atopic dermatitis and this would only lead to loading more stress on themselves and the child.
Treatment For Atopic Dermatitis In Kids
According to Dr Koh, the treatment for atopic dermatitis in both adults and kids are generally similar. But can be personalised by the specialists depending on the severity of the condition.
Moisturisers And Medicated Topicals
The treatment of atopic dermatitis will need lifestyle modifications for the patients. It will also require the use of moisturisers and medicated topicals. This includes topical steroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors.
Long-term Disease Management
"Without an appropriate long-term option for AD symptoms, many patients continue dealing with uncontrolled symptoms, which can cause pain and misery across certain facets of a patient's life," Dr Koh tells theAsianparent.
He also says, "At the end of the day, adopting a comprehensive, holistic approach to disease management can help address the multifaceted impact of AD on children."
Biologics Treatment
Biologics is a new-age treatment available in both public and private clinics in Singapore. It is also a great alternative for treating atopic dermatitis in kids as it has been proven to improve the quality of life of moderate to severe young patients.
Tips On How Parents Can Take Care Of Their Children With Atopic Dermatitis
When asked about how parents and caregivers can better take care of children with atopic dermatitis, Dr Koh recommended the following treatment:
1. Frequent, daily application of moisturisers
The use of topical steroids or topical calcineurin inhibitors should be applied once signs of atopic dermatitis appear. Signs to look out for are the following:
Bumpiness
Dr Koh recommends application should continue until the skin is flat as well as no longer red and itchy. Stopping the application too early will only lead to easy flaring of the disease once exposed to triggers.
As some patients and caregivers wait to apply creams even when the condition is present, Dr Koh advises they should be applied as soon as the first signs appear.
2. Be positive and supportive
"Caregivers should remain positive and supportive of the patient despite how challenging it may be," he says.
3. Seek help from a specialist if needed
If parents and caregivers think their children are suffering from more severe atopic dermatitis, it is important that they seek help from a specialist as soon as possible.
Instead of self-medicating or using methods such as extreme dietary restrictions, it is better to so seek specialist help for your child.
While many people do want to find a cure for atopic dermatitis, Dr Koh adds how there is, unfortunately, no cure for the condition. This is because it is a genetically determined condition.
"However, with good treatment, the condition can be controlled, and the patient can lead a normal life," he tells us.
Everything Parents Need To Know About Eczema In Kids
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Justin Graham
M&C Saatchi Australia's chief strategy officer. Manly native. Loves surfing and rugby union
Justin Graham is the Chief Strategy Officer for M&C Saatchi Group in Sydney, overseeing more than 30 strategists in the disciplines of Brand Strategy, Experience, Design, Customer Engagement and Data.
 He leads strategy across the 10 businesses that comprise the M&C Saatchi Group.
 In previous roles Justin worked in New York where he led Proctor & Gamble and Diageo brands.
 Justin contributes widely to the industry, sitting on a number of panels and think tanks and is a regular award judge both in Australia and internationally.
 Justin loves to indulge his passions for rugby union, surfing and spending time with his three young girls.
Why Businesses Need To Unlock The Gate To Their Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property. Two words you hear a lot these days. Everyone bangs on about the need to protect their IP. To lock
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Ingenia Lifestyle was proud to be a major partner in creating the Logan Lifestyle Expo, an event held in late November to connect over fifty South East Queensland local businesses, clubs and groups, volunteers and local associations with the Logan community.
Ingenia Lifestyle's Project Sales Manager Sharon Manson said expo guests were able to view an incredible mix of lifestyle options including fitness, cars, 4x4s, caravans, boats, travel, pet services, volunteering options and demonstrations.
"All exhibitors showcased how they create an amazing lifestyle with some of the latest trends in lifestyle living," Sharon said.
The event also saw Variety QLD partner with Ingenia Lifestyle to help raise funds and make a meaningful difference to children, families and community members who face challenges through sickness, disability or disadvantage.
"When I walk through our over 50s lifestyle communities and talk to our residents their community spirit and passion really is alive within.
"While many of our residents are retired they love to spend their time volunteering, helping the disadvantaged, performing charitable work and making selfless deeds to touch and change the lives of many people in our local communities.
"We are really looking forward to raising much needed funds with Variety QLD and hope the lucky winner of the prize can enjoy some great outdoor adventuring with their new Ingenia Lifestyle tinnie and trailer package," Sharon said.


This video, via steelguitar3, demonstrates using the Electro Harmonix Pog 2 Octave Generator, B-3 Organ setting.
Technical details: 1956 Fender Stringmaster non-pedal steel guitar, with C6 tuning.
Steve Vai and the String Theories band perform the opening track Now We Run live In Minneapolis.
The show was recorded and filmed at the State Theatre in Minneapolis, MN before a sold-out audience as part of Vais successful Sound Theories world tour.
Vai is widely known for both his unprecedented guitar playing techniques. The addition of violinists Alex DePue and Ann Marie Calhoun add a dimension to Vai's performance. The other musicians in Vai's band are: Bryan Beller (bass), Jeremy Colson (drums), Dave Weiner (guitar and sitar) and Zack Wiesinger (lap steel).
Eddie Van Halen Shreds – On A Bad Day!
Eddie Van Halen shreds – on a bad day! Continue reading Eddie Van Halen Shreds – On A Bad Day!
He holds the current world record for playing the guitar at 320 beats per minute. Today, he broke the world record by playing Flight of the Bumblebee at 340 bpm!
Roland Guitar Synth Challenge entry by Wayne Scott Joness featuring the Roland GI-20.
The GI-20 is used with a Roland GK-3 divided pickup to play a variety of software synthesizers and sound modules, including the Roland XV-5080 fitted with the SRX-07 Ultimate Keys Expansion board.
All MIDI performances are from the GI-20, with the exception of drum loop programming.


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Sergio Ramos Net Worth In 2020, Biography, Awards, Family, Career And Lots More
Sergio Ramos Net Worth In 2020
Sergio Ramos Early Life/Biography
Sergio Ramos Career
Sergio Ramos Family/Personal Life
Sergio Ramos Honors and Awards
Wiki Data
Find out Sergio Ramos Net Worth In 2020, Career, Family, And Awards- All You Want to Know!
Sergio Ramos García is a Spanish footballer who plays for both 'Real Madrid' and the 'Spanish National Team'.
He is undoubtedly the best defender of this generation.
Ramos is often praised and known for his goal-scoring and passing capabilities.
Although he does not have any history of add treatment, his aggression at the field has landed him in hot water many times.
He is currently the captain of Spain's National team and Real Madrid.
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Sergio Ramos was born on 30th March 1986 in Camas, Seville.
The city was popular for bullfighting and it was every child's dream born in Seville to pursue a career as a bullfighter. Ramos was no different.
However, considering the dangers of bullfighting, his brother introduced him to football and his parents hired a personal trainer for him.
Later, he joined the club 'FC Camas' which was a great help in polishing his skills.
At the age of 14, he was accepted by the local football club 'Sevilla FC', which used to cater to the young and talented players.
He joined the club in youth program but in 2004 he was included in the main squad.
It was the point of his life ahead of which a bright and successful future was ready to welcome Ramos in the global football world.
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From 2004 to 2005, Ramos appeared in 41 games for his team 'Sevilla FC' and helped in getting his team sixth spot.
His brilliant performances during these years earned him a place in Spain's national team and he became the youngest person in 55 years to have earned this place.
He played in three 'world cups' for Spain in 2006, 2010 and 2014. Later, he played 'Euro Cups' for Spain in 2008, 2012, and then in 2016.
In his 149 matches that he played for Spain, Ramos has scored 12 goals.
In 2005, Real Madrid offered him to play for them for 27 million Euros.
His first four seasons with Real Madrid were not that great as he expected.
He was used usually as either a defensive midfielder or a center back.
However, he was later promoted to the right-back position.
His aggressiveness on the field remained quite a problem for the team management and Ramos was shown the red card multiple times.
However, this aggression also helped his team win the matches against stronger teams.
In 2012-2013, he captained Real Madrid and his leadership made the team won the match against Barcelona.
In December 2015, he made history by helping Real Madrid on 'La Liga' match, which they haven't won from the last 55 years.
Ramos's career has proved to be a lucky charm for both of his teams.
Sergio Ramos met famous TV journalist, presenter and model Pilar Rubio in 2012.
The couple made their relationship official that same year. The couple got engaged in 2018 and got married in 2019. They have three sons i.e. Sergio Jr, Marco, and Alejandro.
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Ramos is known to be a family person has a very close relationship with his brother, who also works as his football agent and his parents.
Ramos calls himself 'romantic at heart' and he loves playing guitar.
Here is a list of Honors and awards that he has won individually:
La Liga Breakthrough Player of the Year: 2005
FIFA FIFPro World11: 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019
UEFA Team of the Year: 2008, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
FIFA World Cup Dream Team: 2010
La Liga Best Defender: 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2016–17
UEFA Euro Team of the Tournament: 2012
FIFA Confederations Cup Dream Team: 2013
UEFA Champions League Squad of the Season: 2013–14, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18
FIFA Club World Cup Golden Ball: 2014
FIFA Club World Cup top scorer: 2014
UEFA Ultimate Team of the Year: 2015
La Liga Team of the Season: 2015–16
UEFA La Liga Team of the Season: 2016–17
ESM Team of the Year: 2007–08, 2011–12, 2014–15, 2016–17
UEFA Defender of the Season: 2017, 2018
IFFHS Men's World Team: 2017, 2018, 2019
Castrol Performance Index: 2010 FIFA World Cup Castrol Index Winner
Castrol Performance Index: UEFA Euro 2012 Castrol EDGE Index Winner
EA Sports FIFA Team of the Year: 2016, 2017, 2018
Luis Aragon's Award: 2016
In 2020, Sergio Ramos's net worth is estimated to be $80 million.
Real Name: Sergio Ramos García
Date Of Birth: 30th March 1986
Parents: Jose María Ramos (Father), Paqui Ramos (Mother)
Siblings: Rene Ramos (Brother) and Miriam Ramos (Sister)
Spouse: Pilar Rubio
Children: Sergio Jr, Marco, and Alejandro.
Occupation: Professional Footballer
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The Revolution of Greek Art
The Greek cultural and artistic influence went deeper than any other external influence the Roman people were to encounter. It constituted a revolution in every sense and everything of Greek provenance came to be regarded as the raging fashion: recognized as the best of the best.
The contact with Greek culture was so suited to Roman consciousness that it instantaneously and directly influenced Roman art, costume, literature and perhaps most importantly literacy itself. This revolution was so fundamental and immediate that it was not easy to digest, but digest they did! We can well imagine how the more traditional people of Rome reacted to this new danger: literate plebeian farmers might begin to question commands whilst at the same time hold little esteem for a commander interested in "soft" pass-times such as art collecting.
During the golden age of the empire and in particular during the rule of Emperor Augustus a new language of art was developed. It was based on the discoveries and developments of Greek art, but Augustus and the political elite ensured that new symbols and meanings should be developed for public use, to convey a new message to the receiver of art. Art was to become more than a collectable item for the gardens of the rich and was now used as a means of propaganda. Old temples were restored and new temples were erected. All public buildings were beautified, covered in marbles and artistic embellishments worthy of Rome's political primacy. All these public buildings were laden with sculpture and art aimed at transmitting the message of the consolidated power and godly legitimacy of the state and emperor.
The late critic Gottfried Richter suggested that development in art is a consequence of human consciousness: Perhaps this is an appropriate key to understanding the Roman assimilation of Greek art and its eventual rejection of it:
The Greeks had borrowed from the Egyptian culture which preceded them and evolved it into their own vision of the natural world about them. This new view of the world and man's place within it happened (?) to perfectly suit Roman consciousness also. This vision placed man in the world as a free being; free to take his own decisions, able to converse with the gods and strike bargains with them in much the same way that a business contract might be struck in the forum.
It wasn't until the 4th-5th Century AD that Western/Roman consciousness evolved with Christianity and that the classical Greek view of reality would cease to be of immediate use in art and was replaced by a new approach.
The survival and later development of Greek art (during the Renaissance) owes much to the Romans. The demand generated by the Romans for the great works and visions of the Greeks meant that a network of sculpture studios grew throughout the empire to literally reproduce mass replicas of the greatest works. A pilgrim or traveler could easily buy a miniature souvenir of his favourite statue. In the vast majority of cases the original works have been lost or destroyed but the many copies, of varying quality, have allowed us to understand what the originals were like. Writers, such as Pliny, went as far as describing works, such as the Laocoon (now in the Vatican) which were regarded to be the greatest works of art of his age. In so doing he allowed the artists of the Renaissance to pick up the thread afresh.
Art in ancient Rome: | Art in Ancient Rome – Introduction | The decadence of classical art | Foreign influence | The Greek revolution | Ancient Roman Paintings | Painting Styles | Drawing | Ancient Roman Mosaics | ancient roman jewelry | Sculpture | roman statues | Architecture | Literature and Theatre | Ancient Rome Literature | poems about Rome | roman music | roman pottery |


Understanding the underlying changes which are taking place online is crucial to position your business right online in the future.
Although the principles have not changed, the is no argument to a couple of key variables which are actively changing online right before our eyes, all you need is the right access. A majority of the market does not see what is currently taking place online because they are not selling to a market which is heavily influenced on digital. For those of us who sell and build relationships using these tools without relying on traditional means of transacting, it is evident that we are entering a market which is much more competitive and transparent than before.
Although freeing ourselves from the traditional closed-door business process will take decades, those who continue to leverage their audiences through social media while adopting the tools which are created online to grow their business will succeed in the end.
The next step for every business is much deeper than selling them another product or service. Instead, you need to help them become more useful to the emerging markets online by breaking down what they offer while matching it to active market needs. Messenger is a great way to help people realize on their own without needing to create an extra barrier in their learning process. This is essentially a robot sales person who only answers the questions of your customers without having anything else to add on in their clients day but value.
The term "I know" is on the rise since everyone has access to an endless dictionary online. If you really wanted to, you could have a valuable answer for anyone within seconds just by leveraging the resources that are public on the internet.
The difference between a buyer from 4 years ago and a buyer today is much different. When people can know for free, what is your real value to them?
Your time, and your filter. Do you see the pattern?
Surface level knowledge can no longer be of value as the internet continues to provide resources that not only let you know right away, but it also gives you the tools to be able to do it yourself if you just needed to get something done quickly.
If you look at the market, you can see what I mean in various different ways.
Some might have the argument where things have remained the same and the only thing that has changed is the way that we read and inform ourselves has changed, this is wrong.
Although this is clouded by an overall lack of depth on the platforms that we use online today, the truth is that the internet gives us a refined response to the problems that we have. For now, the real need is in finding the underlying problems of your customers or clients and providing laser focuses and up to date solutions that they can leverage to give them an advantage in the marketplace.
Why does this tie in with Messenger? Understanding the size of Facebook's active user base will answer the question for you. Better yet, Facebook Messenger is used by many for fast and direct combination with those around them. In my case, it's used much more than text messaging or any other application like What's App just based on the availability throughout all of the people around me.
If you can provide an up-to-date resource for thousands across your target market, there are bound to be some who build up a frustration even with a refined, free resource. Being ultra confident in who your business is really used by will give you the advantage over any business in the marketplace just based on what you are willing to give away for free overtime. A lot of what businesses have to offer today with their services can be something which generates an "I know" response from the market. The difference when you put this information online for free is astonishing. It may not drive your direct sales, but it will let you generate yourself an audience of people that respect you and find your point of view valuable during their day.
If your product or service is truly valuable, there will be a need for you eventually during the buyer's journey.
In most cases, there will be people with businesses that leverage your information for free. Why should you worry about this? Those businesses will overtime verify if your information is correct and all you need to do is keep working deeper to provide an ongoing point of view to the brand which you have started.
The only loss would be for you to stop. This might get you a couple more competitors who will create noise in your market by thinking that they can reverse engineer what you are giving to them for free but the fact is that anyone who does so is always one step behind.
These same people are the ones who will struggle to find their own customers and at the end of the day, they are simply advertising your brand for free if they try and compete since you can capture all of the attention that they began to create in your industry by being the dominant leader who is one step ahead.
Back to Messenger. Give your customer or client the value and enhance their life. When it comes to making a high-level decision, who do they go to? When it comes to fixing the past mistakes which were made through misinterpretation of right information who do they turn to? Messenger not only lets you be a part of your customer's journey but it also lets you remind them that you're a fast & direct solution to their needs when they need it using direct retargeting techniques that showcase your supporting list of products or services.


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Thomas Howell, Dolly's Beef Steak House
24 Thu Mar 2016
Posted by Baldwin Hamey in 05 Newgate Street nos 1-126
Street View: 5
Address: Queen's Head Passage
You might be forgiven in thinking that the address for Dolly's Beef Steak House was 42 Newgate Street when looking at the elevation at the top of this post, but that is not true. The Steak House could be reached through the passageway under number 42 Newgate Street and is just as often referred to as 'off Paternoster Row', that is, the other side of Queen's Head Passage. Queen's Head Passage was also sometimes referred to as Queen's Head Court. Horwood's 1799 map below shows the passage between the two streets; Paternoster Row on the bottom and Newgate Street at the top. And below the map a drawing by T.H. Shepherd of 1856, showing the entrance to the establishment itself.
(Source: British Museum)
Although Tallis refers to Dolly's as a Beef Steak House, Shepherd writes Steak & Chop House on the panel at the entrance to the establishment and Dolly's Hotel on the lamp. Other sources do indeed show a huge variety in the way they refer to Dolly's, but there was apparently only one "Dolly's" and everybody knew what the various references meant. It had allegedly all started in the early eighteenth century when Queen Anne gave the premises to her favourite cook Dorothy, or Dolly, who was astute enough to make sure that her waitresses and bar maids were well turned out, thereby softening the blow for the customers when the bill came. One gentleman was so taken by the lovely waitress that a poem was written about them and immortalised in an engraving.
The attractiveness of the waitresses was in stark contrast to the appearance of Dolly herself as the few portraits that exist of her are anything to go by, although I am not sure any were made in her lifetime and they could be flights of later imagination. This one is taken from volume 3 of James Caulfield's Portraits, Memoirs, and Characters of Remarkable Persons, from the Revolution in 1688 to the End of the Reign of George II (1820) and made a century after the original Dolly had her chop house.
Many now famous people partook of the steaks and chops on offer at Dolly's; James Boswell went there on 15 December 1762 and wrote in his diary, "I resolved today to be a true-born old-Englishman" and to do that, he went to Dolly's to partake of a solitary meal consisting of "a large, fat, beaf-steak to fullfill the charge of Beef-eating". He thought beef-steak houses excellent places to dine as you could be warm and comfortable there, either joining in conversation, or not if the fancy so took you, and the price of the food was reasonable. "My dinner, beef, bread & beer & waiter was only a shilling".(1) Boswell was to dine at Dolly's more often, sometimes alone, sometimes with friends. Another, more frequent, customer of Dolly's was George Fordyce, a physician, who dined there every day at four o'clock on the same menu, that is: chicken or fish for starters, then a rump steak of a pound and a half, accompanied by a tankard of ale, some brandy and a bottle of port. After all that he went home to receive his students for a lecture on chemistry. He was considered a poor lecturer; you wonder why, don't you? You can read more about him and his drunken bedside manners here.
In 1786, Thomas Jefferson and a couple of friends came across a sign board advertising the chop house and decided to go inside. Apparently they enjoyed themselves so much there that they felt they had to write an apology to the person to whom they were supposed to go for dinner:
One among our many follies
Was calling in for steaks at Dolly's
Whereby we've lost – and feel like Sinners
That we have miss'd much better dinners
old sign board found on Pinterest
But fast forward to 1839 when Tallis produced his Street Views and Thomas Howell was the proprietor of Dolly's Steak House. He had acquired the freedom of the City by redemption in 1837 and on the registration papers it is said that he was then 31 years old and the son of Robert Howell, a farmer of Oswestry, Shropshire. Howell's address is already given as Dolly's Chop House in Queen's Head Court. A decade later, in 1846, a page-long article appeared in The Literary Garland, and British North American Magazine describing Dolly's. It said that if you were coming from Newgate Street, "down a quiet court, silent as a cloister, and on the right hand side you will see Dolly's Chop-House". Combining this information with the one of Shepherd's drawing, I think that Dolly's was closer to Paternoster Row than to Newgate Street and that Shepherd showed the passage to Paternoster Row, rather than the one Tallis showed in Newgate Street. According to the anonymous author of the article, a more celebrated place could not be found and it had, in the century and a bit that it had existed, been visited by a large number of celebrated man (no women apparently), some of whom he described as partaking of the legendary steaks served at Dolly's. For instance Dr. Johnson is imagined as coming there with Mr. Thrale to escape "the pleasant chattering of Mrs T". Other famous guests he imagined sitting in the chop house were Oliver Goldsmith, Joshua Reynolds and Richard Brinsley Sheridan, but after all this name-dropping, he mentions Howell, the proprietor.
Howell keeps a very good cellar and keeps up the tradition of the house in serving excellent steaks, "firm, tender and juicy". There is a separate smoking room which is referred to as Howell's own City House of Commons. And best of all, according to the author of the article, the bill is surprisingly moderate and he resolved to "refresh our inward man for ever afterwards at Dolly's Chop-house".(3) But the "for ever afterwards" of the author in The Literary Garland was not for ever as the end for the chop-house came in 1881 when it closed its doors. The building was destroyed just over a year later to make way for a 'Manchester warehouse'.(4) Despite the fact that the beef-steak-house has been demolished and this post has therefore come to an end, you can still see parts of the building as Elliot Stock, a publisher of Paternoster Row, had 10 copies of Oliver Goldsmith's The Vicar of Wakefield bound with wooden boards taken from the panelling of Dolly's Chop House. Number 4 (of 10) has been on the market and contains a paper label signed by Stock (see for a full description and a picture of the wooden boards here).
(1) James Boswell, London Journal 1762-1763, ed. G. Turnbull (Penguin Classics, 2014, p. 43-47). Waiters were given a penny as a tip.
(2) Kevin J. Hayes, The Road to Monticello: The Life and Mind of Thomas Jefferson (2008), pp. 313-314.
(3) The same article also appeared in The Aberdeen Journal, 22 January 1845.
(4) New York Times, 26 December 1881 and 8 April 1883.
<– 42 Newgate Street 41 Newgate Street –>
2 thoughts on "Thomas Howell, Dolly's Beef Steak House"
Charlotte Frost (@CharlotteFrost1) said:
I once tried to find some trace of Dolly's, but she left none. One of George IV's courtiers, Sir William Knighton, sneaked off for a meal at Dolly's while the King was at Epsom. The food must have been good.
Pingback: OMAD bij Dolly's Chop-House | Maarten Hell


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CEO-To-Worker Pay Ratio Ballooned 1,000 Percent Since 1950: Report
We've made progress on a lot of things since the 1950s and so have CEOs -- in their quest for more money that is.
The ratio of CEO-to-worker pay has increased 1,000 percent since 1950, according to data from Bloomberg. Today Fortune 500 CEOs make 204 times regular workers on average, Bloomberg found. The ratio is up from 120-to-1 in 2000, 42-to-1 in 1980 and 20-to-1 in 1950.
"When CEOs switched from asking the question of 'how much is enough' to 'how much can I get,' investor capital and executive talent started scrapping like hyenas for every morsel," Roger Martin, dean of the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management, told Bloomberg.
(Click over to Bloomberg to read more about the CEO-to-worker pay ratio)
The findings come just one day after the S&P 500 soared to a new record, indicating that perhaps the only ones not reaping the benefits from the companies' historic profitability are workers. Other reports have come to similar conclusions. An analysis from the AFL-CIO, the umbrella organization for many of America's unions, found earlier this month that CEO pay was 354 times that of the average employee.
The Dodd-Frank financial reform law aimed to make it easier for the public to know how much CEOs are getting paid in comparison to their workers. The law includes a provision requiring public companies to disclose their CEO-to-worker pay ratios, but nearly three years after the law passed, the Securities and Exchange commission still hasn't put the rule in place, thanks in part to business opposition to the proposal, according to ABC News.
Sen. Robert Menendez (D-N.J.), who authored the provision told ABC last year: "It might embarrass some companies to reveal that they pay their CEO in the range of 400 times what they pay their typical worker."
It can be especially embarrassing when the CEO doesn't perform. Former J.C. Penney head Ron Johnson, whose compensation was 1,795 times the average worker pay, according to Bloomberg, was recently ousted from his post after failing to turn around the struggling company.
CEOs Who Get Paid Significantly More Than Their Employees
Business Income Inequality Ceo To Worker Pay Ceo To Median Employee Pay Executive Compensation
10. PepsiCo
CEO-to-employee pay ratio: 322:1 CEO: Indra K. Nooyi (Credit: PayScale)


The interfacing of the Kindle app is user-friendly and it is similar to other apps available on Apple app store. Now, we are going to shed light on some of the amazing features of the Kindle app. If you don't know about it, then read them carefully.