A method of controlling a device is provided including identifying a registered device from a screen input by a camera, receiving a user input for the identified device, and transmitting a control command corresponding to the input to the identified device.
1. A method performed by an electronic apparatus, the method comprising: identifying a plurality of registered devices from an image captured by a camera of the electronic apparatus; receiving a first content image which represents content of a first registered device of the plurality of registered devices; displaying the first content image around a first device image representing the first registered device on a display of the electronic apparatus; receiving an input to select the displayed first content image and a second device image representing a second registered device of the plurality of registered devices; and transmitting a command to control reproduction of content corresponding to the first content image to the second registered device, wherein the first device image, the first content image, and a second content image which represents content stored in the electronic apparatus are displayed together with the second device image.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the input to select the first content image and the second device image includes receiving an input for moving the first content image to the second device image.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the input to select the first content image and the second device image includes receiving a drag and drop input from the first content image to the second device image.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the content of the first registered device is content stored in the first registered device.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second registered device is capable of reproducing content corresponding to the selected content image.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the control command includes requesting the first device to provide the content corresponding to the selected content image to the second registered device.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first content image comprises: at least one of a content thumbnail, content metadata, and a content file name.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: transmitting a content reproducing command corresponding to the selected first content image to the second registered device.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: transmitting an address of the content to the second registered device.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: displaying a visual display element corresponding to the electronic apparatus; receiving an input to select the displayed first content image and the visual display element; and receiving the content corresponding to the displayed first content image from the first registered device.
11. An electronic apparatus comprising: a processor configured to identify a plurality of registered devices from an image captured by a camera of the electronic apparatus; a communication interface configured to receive a first content image which represents content of a first registered device of the plurality of registered devices; a display configured to display the received first content image around a first device image representing the first registered device; and an input interface configured to receive an input to select the displayed first content image and a second device image representing a second registered device of the plurality of registered devices, wherein the processor is further configured to control transmission of a command to control reproduction of content corresponding to the first content image to the second registered device, and wherein the first device image, the first content image, and a second content image which represents content stored in the electronic apparatus are displayed together with the second device image.
12. The electronic apparatus of claim 11, wherein the input to select the first content image and the second device image includes an input for moving the first content image to the second device image.
13. The electronic apparatus of claim 11, wherein the input to select the first content image and the second device image includes a drag and drop input from the first content image to the second device image.
14. The electronic apparatus of claim 11, wherein the content of the first registered device is content stored in the first registered device.
15. The electronic apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second registered device is capable of reproducing content corresponding to the selected content image.
16. The electronic apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to request that the identified registered device provide the content corresponding to the selected content image to the second registered device.
17. The electronic apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to transmit a content reproducing command corresponding to the selected first content image to the second registered device.
18. The electronic apparatus of claim 17, wherein the processor is further configured to transmit an address of the content to the second registered device.
19. The electronic apparatus of claim 11, wherein the display displays a visual display element corresponding to the electronic apparatus, the input interface receives an input to select the displayed first content image and the visual display element, and the communication interface receives the content corresponding to the displayed first content image from the first registered device.
20. At least one non-transitory computer-readable recording medium for storing a computer program configured to be readable by at least one processor for instructing the at least one processor to execute a computer process for performing the method of claim 1.
 This application is a Continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/355,083 filed with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office on Jan. 20, 2012, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. .sctn. 119(a) to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2011-0005987, filed on Jan. 20, 2011 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
 The present invention relates generally to a method and apparatus for controlling a device, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for controlling a content reproducing device, by which content of a device recognized in an image captured by a camera is displayed and reproduced in another device connected to the device.
 Presently, the Augmented Reality (AR) technology is widely used in our society and culture. In particular, the introduction of high-performance smartphones and tablet Personal Computers (PCs) increases the practical use of AR-related application software. AR is technology that displays a virtual object to overlap with the real world as viewed by a user. Since the AR technology displays a single image in which the real world is displayed in real-time mixed with a virtual world having additional information, AR is also called Mixed Reality (MR). AR technology has been being researched and developed as hybrid Virtual Reality (VR) systems merging a real environment and a virtual environment since the late 1990s, mostly in the United States and Japan.
 Although AR is a concept in which the real world is displayed with a virtual world, which is created with a computer graphics technique, the main part is a real environment. The computer graphics technique additionally provides information required for the real environment. This means that the distinction between the real environment and a virtual screen is vague due to overlaps between a 3-dimensional (3D) virtual image and a real image viewed by a user.
 VR technology allows a user to become immersed in a virtual environment and not to display a real environment. However, in AR technology, in which a real environment and virtual objects are mixed makes a user view the real environment, thus providing a better real sense and additional information as compared to VR technology. For example, when the surroundings are viewed on a smartphone camera, information, such as positions and telephone numbers of nearby shops, is displayed in a stereoscopic image.
 The AR technology is used for remote medical diagnosis, broadcasting, architectural designs, manufacturing process management, and the like. Recently, the wide spread of smartphones makes the AR technology enter into a full-fledged commercialized stage, in which various products are introduced in the gaming, mobile solution, and education fields.
 The present invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling a content reproducing device to intuitively share content while viewing a device in which the content is to be reproduced and a device which has the content.
 According to an aspect of the present invention, a method performed by an electronic apparatus is provided that includes identifying a plurality of registered devices from an image captured by a camera of the electronic apparatus; receiving a first content image which represents content of a first registered device of the plurality of registered devices; displaying the first content image around a first device image representing the first registered device on a display of the electronic apparatus; receiving an input to select the displayed first content image and a second device image representing a second registered device of the plurality of registered devices; and transmitting a command to control reproduction of content corresponding to the first content image to the second registered device, with the first device image, the first content image, and a second content image which represents content stored in the electronic apparatus being displayed together with the second device image.
 According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic apparatus is provided that includes a processor configured to identify a plurality of registered devices from an image captured by a camera of the electronic apparatus; a communication interface configured to receive a first content image which represents content of a first registered device of the plurality of registered devices; a display configured to display the received first content image around a first device image representing the first registered device; and an input interface configured to receive an input to select the displayed first content image and a second device image representing a second registered device of the plurality of registered devices. The processor is further configured to control transmission of a command to control reproduction of content corresponding to the first content image to the second registered device. The first device image, the first content image, and a second content image which represents content stored in the electronic apparatus are displayed together with the second device image.
 FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an apparatus for controlling a content reproducing device, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
 The present invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are shown.
 FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling a content reproducing device, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
 Referring to FIG. 1, in step 110, a content reproducing device controller identifies a registered device from a screen input by a camera. The registered device indicates a device of which image recognition information has already been stored in the content reproducing device controller. The content reproducing device controller stores image recognition information of devices recognized by the camera and device information of devices selected by a user in advance by matching them, respectively. The content reproducing device controller then compares image recognition information of a device recognized in an image input from the camera with the stored image recognition information and identifies a device corresponding to device information matching the compared image recognition information if the image recognition information of the device recognized from the screen input by the camera matches the stored image recognition information.
 In step 120, the content reproducing device controller receives a user input for the identified device. For example, the content reproducing device controller may request the identified device for content information and receive and display the content information, or display content information stored therein. The content reproducing device controller may then receive a user input for moving the displayed content information to a reproducible identified device or receive a user input for reproducing content corresponding to the content information stored therein. As another example, when the content reproducing device controller displays content information of stored content, the content reproducing device controller may receive a user input for moving the displayed content information to a reproducible identified device. According to the present invention, an example of moving content information is dragging, by the user, one of a plurality of pieces of displayed content information and dropping the dragged content information onto the identified device.
 In step 130, the content reproducing device controller transmits a control command corresponding to the user input to the identified device. In the example of step 120, the control command indicates a reproducing command of content corresponding to the content information. However, the control command is only an example and the present invention is not limited thereto.
 FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a registering method, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
 Referring to FIG. 2, in step 210, the content reproducing device controller receives an image of a device captured and displayed by the camera included therein.
 In step 220, the content reproducing device controller analyzes device image recognition information from the received device image. Further, the content reproducing device controller searches for a device connectable via a predetermined network. The predetermined network is, for example, a wireless protocol-based network, such as Zigbee, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11, Home Radio Frequency (HomeRF), Infrared Data Association (IrDA), Ultra WideBand (UWB), Near Field Communication (NFC), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), or wireless 1394, or a wire-based protocol network such as Ethernet, Home Phoneline Networking Alliance (HomePNA), Power Line Communication (PLC), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394, or Universal Serial Bus (USB).
 In step 230, the content reproducing device controller matches the analyzed device image recognition information to corresponding device information. For example, the content reproducing device controller displays the analyzed device image recognition information and the found connectable device. Thereafter, when a user selects the displayed device image recognition information and the found connectable device, the content reproducing device controller matches the selected device image recognition information to the found connectable device.
 In step 240, the content reproducing device controller stores the device image recognition information and the device information. For example, the content reproducing device controller stores the displayed device image recognition information and device information (for example, a device-specific ID) of a connected device in a storage unit thereof. The content reproducing device controller also stores matching information of the two pieces of information.
 FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling a content reproducing device, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
 Referring to FIG. 3, in step 310, the content reproducing device controller identifies a registered device from a screen input by the camera. For example, the content reproducing device controller recognizes a device from the screen input by the camera. The content reproducing device controller then extracts image recognition information of the recognized device and compares the extracted device image recognition information with image recognition information of a device registered by the method of FIG. 2. If they match each other, the content reproducing device controller identifies the recognized device as a device matching the compared image recognition information. The content reproducing device controller may mark the identified device with a predetermined mark (for example, add a colored line to an outline to distinguish the device other devices). The content reproducing device controller may further mark a content-reproducible device among identified devices in a different method from the predetermined mark.
 In step 320, the content reproducing device controller requests the identified device for content information. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the content information may include at least one of a thumbnail of the content, address information of the content, such as a storage folder name of the content, and a file name of the content. The thumbnail of the content and the file name of the content may also include the address information of the content.
 In step 330, the content reproducing device controller receives and displays the content information. There is no limit in a method of displaying the content information. For example, the content reproducing device controller may display the content information by displaying it around the identified device that has transmitted it or display it in a menu screen, such as a play list, regardless of a position of the identified device. When the content information is plural, the content reproducing device controller may display the content information by limiting the number of pieces of the content information and further display other content information in response to a user input. For example, the content reproducing device controller may display the content information in a form of a semicircle around the identified device, and when a user inputs a clockwise or counterclockwise drag signal, the content reproducing device controller may rotate the content information and display other content information. According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the content reproducing device controller provides a focusing function, the content reproducing device controller may perform steps 310 to 330 for only a specific device instead of displaying content information of all registered devices.
 In step 340, the content reproducing device controller receives a user input for moving the displayed content information to a reproducible identified device. The user moves the displayed content information to the identified device with a predetermined input means. For example, the user drags one piece of the displayed content information and drops it onto a reproducible identified device.
 In step 350, the content reproducing device controller transmits a content reproducing command corresponding to the moved content information to the reproducible identified device. The content reproducing device controller may transmit address information of content corresponding to the moved content information together with the content reproducing command to the reproducible identified device. When the content address information is stored in the content reproducing device controller, the content reproducing device controller may transmit the content address information together with the content reproducing command to the reproducible identified device, and when the content address information is not stored in the content reproducing device controller, the content reproducing device controller may request and receive the content address information from the identified device that has transmitted the content information and transmit the content address information together with the content reproducing command to the reproducible identified device. Moreover, the content reproducing device controller may request the identified device that has transmitted the content information to directly transmit the content address information to the reproducible identified device. When the content address information is included in the content information, the above-described processes may not be necessary. The content reproducing device (the reproducible identified device) then receives and reproduces the content according to the content address information.
 FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate an example of the method of FIG. 3.
 Referring to FIG. 4A, a content reproducing device controller 400 includes a display unit 410 and a camera 420. The content reproducing device controller 400 identifies a registered device in an image input from the camera 420. In FIG. 4A, devices displayed on a screen of the display unit 410 are a TV 411, a laptop 412, and a refrigerator 413. The content reproducing device controller 400 then identifies a registered device from among devices 411, 412, and 413 displayed on the screen of the display unit 410 via the camera 420. A predetermined mark (for example, a color added to an outline) may be added to the identified device to be discriminated from other devices. In FIG. 4A, it is assumed that the identified device includes the TV 411 and the laptop 412. After identifying the registered device, the content reproducing device controller 400 requests the identified device for content information. Thereafter, when the requested content information is received, the content reproducing device controller 400 displays the received content information on the screen of the display unit 410. In FIG. 4A, thumbnails 401, 402, 403 and 404 of respective pieces of content are displayed on the screen of the display unit 410 as examples of the content information. In FIG. 4A, the content thumbnails 401, 402, 403 and 404 are displayed around a device, i.e., the laptop 412, which has transmitted the content information. When a user 430 drags a certain thumbnail clockwise or counterclockwise, the content thumbnails 401, 402, 403 and 404 in the form of a semicircle rotate to display other thumbnails. When the user 430 drag-and-drops the content thumbnail 403 onto the TV 411 that is a reproducible identified device, the content reproducing device controller 400 extracts a content address included in the content thumbnail 403, transmits the content address to the TV 411, and transmits a content reproducing command to the TV 411. The TV 411 then receives and reproduces content according to the received content address. FIG. 4B shows that the TV 411 reproduces content corresponding to the content thumbnail 403.
 FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling a content reproducing device, according to another embodiment of the present invention.
 Referring to FIG. 5, since step 510 is identical to step 310 of FIG. 3, and thus a repeated description is omitted.
 In step 520, the content reproducing device controller displays already-stored content information. That is, the content reproducing device controller displays content information stored therein. The content information is identical to the content information described in step 320 of FIG. 3. In step 520, after displaying content information received by requesting the content information from the identified device as in steps 320 and 330 of FIG. 3, the content reproducing device controller may further display the content information stored therein.
 Steps 530 and 540 are similar to steps 340 and 350 of FIG. 3. However, there is a difference in that content information movable by the user is the content information of content stored in the content reproducing device controller. When content information is received from the identified device and further displayed, there is a difference in that content information movable by the user is not only the content information of content stored in the content reproducing device controller but also the received content information.
 FIGS. 6A and 6B show an example of the method of FIG. 5.
 Referring to FIG. 6A, a content reproducing device controller 600 includes a display unit 610 and a camera 620. The content reproducing device controller 600 identifies a registered device in an image input from the camera 620. In FIG. 6A, devices displayed on a screen of the display unit 610 are a TV 611 and a laptop 612. The content reproducing device controller 600 then identifies a registered device from among the devices displayed on the screen of the display unit 610 via the camera 620. A predetermined mark (for example, a color added to an outline) may be added to the identified device to distinguish the device from other devices. In FIG. 6A, it is assumed that the identified device includes the TV 611 and the laptop 612. The content reproducing device controller 600 displays content thumbnails 605 to 608, which are content information stored therein, in a predetermined area 630. Alternatively, or, the content reproducing device controller 600 additionally requests the identified device for content information. Thereafter, when the requested content information is received, the content reproducing device controller 600 displays the received content information on the screen of the display unit 610. In FIG. 6A, content thumbnails 601, 602, 603 and 604 of respective pieces of content are displayed on the screen of the display unit 610 as examples of the content information. A user 640 may drag-and-drop one of the stored content thumbnails 605 to 608 or one of the received content thumbnails 601, 602, 603 and 604 to move it to a reproducible identified device. In FIG. 6A, when the user 430 drag-and-drops the stored content thumbnail 606 to the laptop 612 that is a reproducible identified device, the content reproducing device controller 600 extracts a content address corresponding to the content thumbnail 606, transmits the content address to the laptop 612, and transmits a content reproducing command to the laptop 612. Thereafter, the laptop 612 receives and reproduces content according to the received content address. FIG. 6B shows that the laptop 612 reproduces content corresponding to the content thumbnail 606.
 FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling a content reproducing device, according to another embodiment of the present invention.
 Referring to FIG. 7, since steps 710 to 730 are identical to steps 310 to 330 of FIG. 3, a repeated description is omitted.
 In step 740, the content reproducing device controller receives a user input for the displayed content information. In FIG. 7, unlike the method of FIG. 3 or 5, the content reproducing device controller reproduces content corresponding to the displayed content information. That is, the user input is to reproduce content corresponding to content information selected by the user in the content reproducing device controller. Examples of an interface for the user input are recognizing an action of simply clicking content information as the user input and recognizing an action of activating a button (for example, dragging one piece of the displayed content information and dropping it to the button), which provides an interface for reproduction in the content reproducing device controller, as the user input.
 In step 750, the content reproducing device controller reproduces content corresponding to the content information. The content reproducing device controller receives and reproduces the content according to address information of the content corresponding to the content information according to a user input.
 FIGS. 8A and 8B show an example regarding the method of FIG. 7.
 Referring to FIG. 8A, a content reproducing device controller 800 includes a display unit 810 and a camera 820. The content reproducing device controller 800 identifies a registered device in an image input from the camera 820. In FIG. 8A, devices displayed on a screen of the display unit 810 are a TV 811, a laptop 812, and a refrigerator 813. The content reproducing device controller 800 then identifies a registered device from among the devices 811, 812, and 813 displayed on the screen of the display unit 810 via the camera 820. A predetermined mark (for example, add a color to an outline) may be added to the identified device to distinguish the identified device from other devices. In FIG. 8A, it is assumed that the identified device includes the TV 811 and the laptop 812. After identifying the registered device, the content reproducing device controller 800 requests the identified device for content information. When the requested content information is received, the content reproducing device controller 800 then displays the received content information on the screen of the display unit 810. In FIG. 8A, thumbnails 801, 802, 803 and 804 of respective pieces of content are displayed on the screen of the display unit 810 as examples of the content information. In FIG. 8A, the content thumbnails 801, 802, 803 and 804 are displayed around a device, i.e., the laptop 812, that has transmitted the content information. When a user 840 drags a certain thumbnail clockwise or counterclockwise, the content thumbnails 801, 802, 803 and 804 in a form of a semicircle rotate to display other thumbnails. When the user 840 drag-and-drops the content thumbnail 803 to a take button 830, the content reproducing device controller 800 extracts a content address corresponding to the content thumbnail 803, receives content according to the content address, and reproduces the content therein. FIG. 8B shows that the content reproducing device controller 800 reproduces the content corresponding to the content thumbnail 803.
 FIG. 9 shows an example of a method of controlling a content reproducing device, according to another embodiment of the present invention.
 While a TV is rarely moved, a laptop may not have a fixed location and may be frequently moved. A device (for example, a refrigerator or a washing machine) having no content may be registered as a virtual laptop according to the method of FIG. 2. When a registered virtual device is viewed via the camera, the content reproducing device controller may identify a device registered as a laptop, request the device for content information, and display the content information. However, the virtually registered device must be connected to the laptop to communicate with each other. Referring to FIG. 9, when a content reproducing device controller 900 recognizes a refrigerator 912 on a screen of a display unit 910 via a camera 920, the content reproducing device controller 900 may recognize the refrigerator 912 as a laptop that is a registered device, request for and display content information 901, 902, 903 and 904, and perform the method of FIG. 3, 5, or 7.
 According to another embodiment of the present invention, only if the content reproducing device controller maintains a communication state with a registered device, when there is an obstacle (for example, a wall), the content reproducing device controller may display the registered device, request the registered device for content information, and display the content information. Thereafter, the content reproducing device controller may perform the method of FIG. 3, 5, or 7.
 FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an apparatus 1000 for controlling a content reproducing device, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
 Referring to FIG. 10, the content reproducing device controller 1000 includes an image input unit 1010, a controller 1020, a storage unit 1030, a user input unit 1040, a display unit 1050, and a communication unit 1060. The content reproducing device controller 1000 is connected via a predetermined network to a device to be recognized by using the image input unit 1010. The predetermined network is, for example, a wireless protocol-based network, such as Zigbee, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11, HomeRF, IrDA, UWB, NFC, RFID, or wireless 1394, or a wire protocol-based network, such as Ethernet, HomePNA, PLC, IEEE 1394, or USB.
 The image input unit 1010 may be a camera. However, the image input unit 1010 is not limited to a camera, and there is no limit as long as it is a device for providing an image obtained by capturing an object.
 The display unit 1050 displays an image input via the image input unit 1010. Moreover, the display unit 1050 displays content information to be described below.
 The controller 1020 identifies a registered device on a screen of the display unit 1050 on which the image input via the image input unit 1010 is displayed. The registered device indicates a device of which image recognition information has already been stored in the storage unit 1030. The controller 1020 stores image recognition information of devices recognized by the image input unit 1010 and device information of devices selected by a user in advance by matching them, respectively. The controller 1020 then compares image recognition information of a device recognized in an image input from the image input unit 1010 with the stored image recognition information and identifies a device corresponding to device information matching the compared image recognition information if the image recognition information of the device recognized in the image input from the image input unit 1010 matches the stored image recognition information.
 The user input unit 1040 receives a user input for the identified device. For example, the controller 1020 may request the identified device for content information by using the communication unit 1060 and receive and display the content information, or display content information stored in the storage unit 1030. The user input unit 1040 may receive a user input for moving the displayed content information to a reproducible identified device or receive a user input for reproducing content corresponding to the content information stored in the storage unit 1030. As another example, when the display unit 1050 displays content information of stored content, the user input unit 1040 may receive a user input for moving the displayed content information to a reproducible identified device. According to the present invention, an example of moving content information is dragging by the user, one of a plurality of pieces of displayed content information and dropping the dragged content information to the identified device. The user input unit 1040 may be, for example, a touchscreen or may be near the display unit 1050.
 The controller 1020 then transmits a control command corresponding to the user input to the identified device via the communication unit 1060. The control command indicates a reproducing command of content corresponding to the content information. However, the control command is only an example and the present invention is not limited thereto.
 Hereinafter, an embodiment for the content reproducing device controller 1000 performing a method of registering a predetermined device is described.
 The controller 1020 receives an image of a device captured by the image input unit 1010 and displayed by the display unit 1050. The controller 1020 then analyzes device image recognition information from the received device image. Furthermore, the controller 1020 searches for a device connectable via a predetermined network. Thereafter, the controller 1020 displays the analyzed device image recognition information and the found connectable device on the display unit 1050. Thereafter, when the user selects via the user input unit 1040 the device image recognition information and the found connectable device displayed on the display unit 1050, the controller 1020 matches the selected device image recognition information to the found connectable device. Thereafter, the controller 1020 stores the device image recognition information and the device information in the storage unit 1030.
 Hereinafter, a first embodiment for the content reproducing device controller 1000 performing a content reproducing device control method will be described.
 The controller 1020 identifies a registered device in an image input from the image input unit 1010. For example, the controller 1020 recognizes a device in the image input from the image input unit 1010, extracts image recognition information of the recognized device, and compares the extracted device image recognition information with image recognition information of registered devices stored in the storage unit 1030. If they match one another, the controller 1020 identifies the recognized device as a device matching the compared image recognition information. The controller 1020 may mark the identified device with a predetermined mark (for example, a colored line added to an outline so it can be distinguished from other devices) on the display unit 1050. The controller 1020 may further mark a content-reproducible device among identified devices in a different method from the predetermined mark.
 The controller 1020 requests the identified device for content information via the communication unit 1060. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the content information may include at least one of a thumbnail of the content, address information of the content, such as a storage folder name of the content, and a file name of the content. The thumbnail of the content and the file name of the content may also include the address information of the content.
 The display unit 1050 receives and displays the content information. There is no limit in a method of displaying the content information. For example, the display unit 1050 may display the content information by displaying it around the identified device that has transmitted it or display it in a menu screen, such as a play list, irrespective of a position of the identified device. When there are multiple pieces of content information, the display unit 1050 may display the content information by limiting the number of pieces of the content information and further display other content information in response to a user input. For example, the display unit 1050 may display the content information in a form of a semicircle around the identified device that has transmitted it, and when a user inputs a clockwise or counterclockwise drag signal via the user input unit 1040, the display unit 1050 may rotate the content information to display other content information. According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the content reproducing device controller 1000 provides the focusing function, the display unit 1050 may display only content information associated with a specific device instead of displaying content information of all registered devices.
 The user input unit 1040 receives a user input for moving the displayed content information to a reproducible identified device. The user moves the displayed content information to the identified device with a predetermined input means by using the user input unit 1040. For example, the user drags one piece of the displayed content information and drops it onto a reproducible identified device.
 Thereafter, the controller 1020 transmits a content reproducing command corresponding to the moved content information to the reproducible identified device. The controller 1020 may transmit address information of content corresponding to the moved content information together with the content reproducing command to the reproducible identified device via the communication unit 1060. When the content address information is stored in the storage unit 1030, the controller 1020 may transmit the content address information together with the content reproducing command to the reproducible identified device, and when the content address information is not stored in the storage unit 1030, the controller 1020 may request and receive the content address information from the identified device that has transmitted the content information and transmit the content address information together with the content reproducing command to the reproducible identified device. Also, the controller 1020 may request the identified device that has transmitted the content information to directly transmit the content address information to the reproducible identified device. When the content address information is included in the content information, the above-described processes may not be performed. Thereafter, the content reproducing device (the reproducible identified device) receives and reproduces the content according to the content address information.
 Hereinafter, a second embodiment for the content reproducing device controller 1000 performing a content reproducing device control method is described.
 The display unit 1050 displays content information corresponding to content stored in the storage unit 1030. That is, the display unit 1050 displays content information stored in the content reproducing device controller 1000. The display unit 1050 may also display content information received from an external device as described in the first embodiment.
 The user input unit 1040 receives a user input for moving the displayed content information to a reproducible identified device. The controller 1020 then transmits a content reproducing command corresponding to the moved content information to the reproducible identified device.
 That is, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that content stored in the content reproducing device controller 1000 can also be displayed and transmitted to a reproducible registered device.
 Hereinafter, a third embodiment for the content reproducing device controller 1000 performing a content reproducing device control method is described.
 The user input unit 1040 receives a user input for displayed content information. The user input is to reproduce content corresponding to content information selected by the user in the content reproducing device controller 1000. Examples of an interface for the user input are recognizing an action of simply clicking content information as the user input and recognizing an action of activating a button (for example, dragging one piece of the displayed content information and dropping it onto the button), which provides an interface for reproduction in the content reproducing device controller 1000, in the user input unit 1040 as the user input.
 The controller 1020 reproduces content corresponding to the content information. The controller 1020 receives and reproduces the content according to address information of the content corresponding to the content information according to a user input.
 The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that content corresponding to displayed content information is reproduced by the content reproducing device controller 1000.
 According to another embodiment of the present invention, the controller 1020 may register a device (for example, a refrigerator or a washing machine) having no content as a virtual device having content. When a device having no content is viewed via the image input unit 1010, the controller 1020 may identify the device as a registered device, request the device for content information, and display the content information. However, the device having no content must be connected to the virtual device to communicate with each other.
 According to another embodiment of the present invention, if only the content reproducing device controller 1000 maintains a communication state with a registered device, even when there is an obstacle (for example, a wall), the controller 1020 may display the registered device, request the registered device for content information, display the content information, and perform the content reproducing device control method.
 The methods of controlling a content reproducing device can also be embodied as computer-readable codes on a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable recording medium is any data-recording medium that can store data which can be thereafter read by a computer system. Examples of the computer-readable recording medium include Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random-Access Memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, and optical data storage devices. The computer-readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer-readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion. Also, functional programs, codes, and code segments for accomplishing the present invention can be easily construed by programmers skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.
 While this invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to certain embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.


text:
Q: Get application directory in both console application and its unit tests I have a console application project with NUnit tests in the same project.
I have been trying to apply this solution.
At run-time the solution worked OK. But when I ran the tests by Resharper test runner or NUnit GUI runner, GetExecutingAssembly().Location returned a path like this: d:\Temp\f4ctjcmr.ofr\nojeuppd.fmf\R2Nbs\assembly\dl3\9766f38e\b9496fb3_43cccf01\.
Disabling shadow-copying fixed the problem in both test runners, but new problems appeared (VS is not able to build the project until NUnit Gui is closed). Is there a better solution than disabling shadow-copying?
Update: Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()[0] returned C:\Program Files (x86)\NUnit 2.6.3\bin\ in the tests running in NUnit Gui with shadow-copying enabled.

A: Alright, this goes into fun territory.
You should be mocking out this dependency.
Example code:
public interface IApplicationRootService {
    Uri GetApplicationRoot();
}

public class ApplicationRootService : IApplicationRootService {
    public Uri GetApplicationRoot() {
        //etc
    }
}

Now, apply liberally to your code where you're calling getexecutingassembly and whatnot. Inject the IApplicationRootService as a constructor dependency.
Ex:
public class DoWork {
    private IApplicationRootService _applicationRootService;
    public DoWork(IApplicationRootService applicationRootService) {
        _applicationRootService = applicationRootService;
    }
    public void DoSomething() {
        var appRoot = _applicationRooService.GetApplicationRoot();
        //do your stuff
    }
}

Now when you're testing, use a mocking service and mock out the return value of application root to the appropriate folder for nunit to go sniffin'.
Ex code, using nunit and moq:
[Test]
public static void test_do_something() {
    var applicationRootService = new Mock<IApplicationRootService>();
    applicationRootService.Setup(service => service.GetApplicationRoot()).Returns(new Uri("MyRoot", UriKind.Relative);
    var myClass = new DoWork(applicationRootService.Object);
    //continue testing!
}

A: The following solution worked for me. Please vote to its author if it helps you.
As explained in the MSDN forums post, How to convert URI path to normal filepath?, I used the following:
// Get normal filepath of this assembly's permanent directory
var path = new Uri(
        System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(
        System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CodeBase)
    ).LocalPath;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
using Autofac;
using Autofac.Extras.AggregateService;
using Moq;
using NUnit.Framework;

namespace Autofac.Extras.Tests.AggregateService
{
    [TestFixture]
    public class AggregateServiceInheritanceFixture
    {
        private IContainer _container;
        private ISubService _aggregateService;
        private ISomeDependency _someDependencyMock;
        private ISomeOtherDependency _someOtherDependencyMock;

        [SetUp]
        public void Setup()
        {
            _someDependencyMock = new Mock<ISomeDependency>().Object;
            _someOtherDependencyMock = new Mock<ISomeOtherDependency>().Object;

            var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
            builder.RegisterAggregateService<ISubService>();
            builder.RegisterInstance(_someDependencyMock);
            builder.RegisterInstance(_someOtherDependencyMock);
            _container = builder.Build();

            _aggregateService = _container.Resolve<ISubService>();
        }

        [Test]
        public void Resolve_PropertyOnSuperType()
        {
            Assert.That(_aggregateService.SomeDependency, Is.EqualTo(_someDependencyMock));
        }

        [Test]
        public void Resolve_PropertyOnSubType()
        {
            Assert.That(_aggregateService.SomeOtherDependency, Is.EqualTo(_someOtherDependencyMock));
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
World Economic Forum publishes new blockchain initiative GSMI
A detailed project on compliance with blockchain guidelines was published with the Global Standard Mapping Initiative. The GSMI deals with important economic trends and gives companies practical guidelines for blockchain applications.
Industry leaders launched the Global Standards Mapping Initiative (GSMI) under the auspices of the World Economic Forum (WEF) and the Global Blockchain Business Council (GBBC)released. The GSMI is a comprehensive inventory of blockchain implementation in industry based on 30 companies, 185 jurisdictions and 400 industry groups. The initiative is open to the public and is intended to support various industries in developing blockchain framework conditions and standards.
The GSMI deals with three different main areas. Technical norms, legislation and guidance from sovereign and international bodies, as well as best practices and standards.
One of the key takeaways was the increasing fragmentation of technology, both globally and within jurisdictions. Overlaps, gaps and conflicts in agreeing standards were also a major issue. There have been discussions as to which areas the technology may have been used too early. In addition, there are not enough guidelines for new approaches, which is why it is urgently necessary for organizations to develop their own blockchain strategies. The important role that government agencies play in shaping future technology was also addressed. In addition to guidelines for all those interested in blockchain, an interactive map of the blockchain legislation and guidelines was published with the GSMI.
Blockchain experts are convinced of the GSMI
Many participating blockchain experts commented on the initiative. Sheila Warren , Head of Blockchain at the World Economic Forum, explains that there would have been enormous demand for such an initiative in advance.
We were delighted to be working with the Global Blockchain Business Council and members of our Blockchain Council to create this open resource that can be used by the ecosystem, policymakers, and beyond to further their approaches to future technologies and standards to inform.
GBBC chairman, senior managing director and head of the blockchain business at Accenture David Treat, meanwhile, mentioned a certain risk of process delay that had been accepted in order to bring the initiative into being. In his eyes, however, GSMI represents an important step forward. The future can now be designed with transparent and more secure infrastructures. The new blockchain guidelines are an impartial basis that supports organizations around the world in doing business with digital assets.
World Economic Forum initiative is still in its infancy
Sandro Ro, Chief Executive Officer of the global Blockchain Business Council, is also proud of the initiative. He is already inviting other partners to join the GSMI.
GSMI partners and collaborators are a diverse group of stakeholders from industries, governments, and academia who represent a range of perspectives and ideologies. Coming together to lay the foundation for better harmonization and clarity in setting standards is an example of the blockchain community's unique ethos based on collective progress and collaboration.
Brian Behlendorf, Executive Director of Hyperledger, also describes the initiative as an important contribution to the blockchain ecosystem. The mapping project makes it clear that the blockchain community is collaborative by nature.
The use of blockchain technology is becoming increasingly important in more and more industries. That is why the co-founders of GSMI have decided to keep the initiative growing. In the future, other companies will participate in the collaboration.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
AAAS Science Books & Films Publishes 2014 Holiday Gift Guide
by: Kathy Wren
News, December 11, 2014 Holiday Book PhotoShop Full New
Courtesy of Big Picture Press (left), Candlewick Press (middle), Doubleday (right)
AAAS's Science Books & Films (SB&F) has published its SB&F Holiday Gift Guide, a roundup of books for all ages that topped the magazine staff and reviewers' lists of favorites in 2014.
SB&F Editor-in-Chief Maria Sosa and her team selected books for the holiday guide based on the magazine's reviews, as well reviews from other journals, science and literary blogs, and book prize lists. All of the 2015 Finalists for the AAAS/Subaru SB&F Prize also appear in the guide.
From Last Year's List
SB&F 2013 Holiday Guide
2014 has been an outstanding year for science book publishing generally, according to Sosa, who said that highly visual and highly conceptual books were plentiful. "I actually had to eliminate some great books from the list in order to keep it a manageable size," she said. "Fortunately we will be able to include many more great titles in our Best Books list that we will publish in our January 2015 issue."
Some of the standouts on the list include Animalium, written by Jenny Broom and illustrated by Katie Scott. The book is part of a series that strives to recreate a visit to a natural history museum. Each page represents a gallery, filled with exquisite illustrations of the specimens in the collection.
Another stunner is Tiny Creatures: The World of Microbes, written by Nicola Davies and illustrated by Emily Sutton. Davies and Sutton deftly accomplish the seemingly impossible: appropriately, clearly, and charmingly introducing very young children to the invisible world of microbes.
News, December 11, 2014 Steampunk Logo One Third
News, December 11, 2014 Kids Guide One Third
Courtesy of No Starch Press (top) and Brooklyn Botanic Garden
Recognizing that STEM lovers are frequently science fiction/fantasy fans, the list this year includes Terry Pratchett's The Compleat Ankh-Morpork and Steampunk Lego, by Guy Himber. Fans of Pratchett or steampunk, a subgenre of science fiction, should appreciate either of these books, while the uninitiated may find them an entertaining introduction.
2014 is also notable for the many engaging, inventive, and attractive books written by professionally trained scientists and engineers. Pascal Lee (Mission:Mars), Nicola Davies (Tiny Creatures), Penny Chisholm (Buried Sunlight), Hannah Ros (Neurocomic), Kevin Fong (Extreme Medicine), Ainissa Ramirez (Newton's Football), Loree Griffin Burns (Handle with Care) and Kanani K. M. Lee (The Incredible Plate Tectonics Comic), are just a few examples.
Professional societies and science organizations also continue to produce beautiful books. For example, the Brooklyn Botanic Garden's Kids' Guide to Exploring Nature should spark a curious school-aged child's love of nature. The National Wildlife Federation's My First Book of Wild Animals will delight toddlers and introduce them to some of the world's most magnificent creatures.
"As part of a professional and interdisciplinary association, the SB&F team loves to highlight these extraordinary examples of engagement and communication produced by STEM professionals and societies. It's always special when people who do science are able to share their own appreciation and excitement so effectively," Sosa said.
Science Books & Films
Kathy Wren
Life sciences/Microbiology/Microorganisms
Life sciences/Plant sciences
Scientific community/Scientific organizations
Life sciences/Organismal biology/Animals/Wildlife
Social sciences/Communications/Mass media/Blogs
Life sciences/Organismal biology/Natural history
Social sciences/Education/Educational facilities/Museums
Applied sciences and engineering/Computer science/Software/Computer programming/Programming languages
Physical sciences/Physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetic radiation/Light/Sunlight
Physical sciences/Earth sciences/Geophysics/Plate tectonics
Social sciences/Demography/Age groups/Infants
Scientific community/Science communication
Tweets by aaas


In a string of Instagram comments that has since been deleted, the Limp Bizkit turntablist calls the failed attack 'most desperate #fail of all time', and insinuates his regret of being a fan.
AceShowbiz - Limp Bizkit turntablist DJ Lethal has slammed Insane Clown Posse rocker Shaggy 2 Dope for trying to attack his bandmate Fred Durst during a gig.
Durst and Lethal's band were performing at the BB&T Pavilion in Camden, New Jersey for the Rock Allegiance festival on Saturday, October 06, when Shaggy, real name Joseph William Utsler, stormed the stage and attempted to dropkick the "Break Stuff" hitmaker.
Editors at metal website The PRP captured a since deleted screenshot from DJ Lethal's Instagram in which the rocker, real name Leor Dimant, called the stage invasion a pathetic publicity stunt.
"Bro step up!! Man to man. No suckerstage rushing 'I'm gonna get on (gossip website) TMZ,'" he wrote, before adding: "Most desperate #fail of all time!!!! And to think I was a fan til today. You b**chmade G, f**k you!!!!"
DJ Lethal mocks ICP's Shaggy 2 Dope.
Footage of the incident shows Shaggy failing to make significant contact with Durst and falling on his back before being led away by security staff.
At the time the Limp Bizkit frontman then said, "What a p**sy, he couldn't even pull it off."
It is unclear what motivated the stage invasion but the feud between the groups reportedly dates back to 1999 - when Insane Clown Posse were dropped from the line-up of the Family Values metal and rap tour, which was headlined by Limp Bizkit.


While globalization has been in play for some time now, and most countries have been part of it one way or another, economic openness has assumed greater significance with the stronger push for the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in addition to the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). This makes the question whether and how a country's sub-national regions can benefit from an open economy relevant and timely.
There are essentially two theoretical views—both supported by empirical studies—regarding the links between openness, regional growth, and poverty. One says that economic openness fosters growth outside major urban centers where manufacturing industries locate to eschew rising land, labor and congestion costs. The other view argues that foreign direct investment and trade tend to reinforce urban agglomeration in a developing country where economic activity is often concentrated in the national capital and inter-city connectivity is inadequate. To address the question which of the two views applies more to the Philippines, an analysis of time-series data on the country's 17 regions vis-à-vis an earlier study on 14 regions was carried out.
Studies have shown the highly skewed spatial distribution of economic activity in many ASEAN and APEC developing countries, with the administrative or financial capitals towering over the rest of the economic landscape. While such spatial concentration or urban primacy may be necessary and desirable initially to achieve agglomeration economies, it can become excessive and costly if left to plain market forces.
The diseconomies of agglomeration are all too familiar, such as time lost to traffic congestion, health and environmental costs owing to air and water pollution, flooding, and traffic accidents. It has also resulted in disaffection and social disquiet among people living in neglected outlying regions or provinces.
This is the reason why the development of lagging or underperforming regions far from the primate city remains an important policy objective in national development plans, even as policy pronouncements to address the issue have been made time and again for decades now. The Philippines is just one illustrative example.
Economic growth remains highly concentrated in Metro Manila, accounting for a third of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). Combined with the adjacent regions of CALABARZON (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon) and Central Luzon, this mega-urban region makes up two-thirds of GDP, leaving the balance for the 14 other regions.
With comparatively superior infrastructure and connectivity, this mega-urban region has been the primary beneficiary of foreign direct investments (FDIs) and international trade, thereby furthering its growth and reinforcing the country's interregional inequality. Thus, the question is how can economic openness and strategic infrastructure improvements benefit the lagging regions?
The incumbent government's Philippine Development Plan, 2017-2022—which is anchored on the President's 0-10 point Socioeconomic Agenda and geared towards the people's Long-Term Vision 2040—includes a key chapter on "Accelerating Infrastructure Development", popularly dubbed as "Build Build Build". It discusses a massive investment program for infrastructure designed to redress inequality by stimulating the development of the regions.
Economic openness plays an important role in this strategy. It can help to promote sub-national development, on the one hand, and it can draw external public and private capital for financing the infrastructure program, on the other hand. Ultimately, with improved infrastructure, connectivity and human capital, the country can become more globally competitive. Further, it can benefit from two-way trade and FDIs in the various economic sectors.
Empirical research suggests that sub-national regions do gain from an open economy in terms of economic growth and—through growth—reduction in inequality and poverty. As would be expected, gains from economic openness are uneven with the ex-ante lagging regions at a disadvantage vis-à-vis the leading ones; by extension, the welfare effects on the poor appear unequal, as well.
All told, economic openness coupled with sound regional policy can make a difference. Such policy should include infrastructure and human capital improvements especially in the left-behind regions to enhance their connectivity with the mainstream economy. Better integration with ASEAN and APEC will result in more opportunities from an open economy.
About the author: Dr. Ernesto M. Pernia is currently the Secretary of Socioeconomic Planning and Director General of the National Economic and Development Authority of the Philippines. He is Professor Emeritus of Economics at the University of the Philippines. He obtained his PhD degree from the University of California Berkeley.


text:
- Acqueduct Park
VISIT ACQUA CLAUDIA IN ROME
Roman history –
admission free
Our journey to Aqueduct Park (Parco degli Acquedotti) was a hot one. Europe is in the throes of a heatwave which was made all the worse by Roman transit—there is no AC or promise that the bus will actually show up, ever!
Google maps didn't help either—suggesting we get off the bus at the side of a highway, which we did—of course— but there was no entrance. So we walked along the side of the highway and up a road with no sidewalks and enough blind spots that I was pretty sure we would become relics, then down a dusty residential street and onto an unmarked path beside a house.
In Rome you often find yourself wondering whether Roman city planners know what they have in their own city and if pedestrians are considered:
What we think is magnificent they think mundane; what should have a grand entrance is nothing but a crack in a wall; or what should be accessible or marked, isn't.
But that's part of the fun of travel and the amazing experience of visiting Rome. In any case, for the longest time we could see the aqueducts—soaring over a soccer field, a grocery store, alongside the highway—but could not get to them.
We read about Aqueducts in history class or see them in movies like Gladiator, but to be able to walk under the arches or touch the stone columns is amazing—it's as if you've just discovered the pyramids of Egypt. Following the dirt path between houses and under a newer Aqueduct, you come to a hill that overlooks the soaring Claudia Aqueduct on a grassy plain next to the TrenItalia tracks.
Most of the wonders of Rome are roped off, gated or require an entrance fee. This park and the promise to interact with history, is completely free. You can wander uninhibited, unmonitored throughout the park, whether it be by foot or bicycle. If you want to have a picnic, choose a spot under one of the shady Italian Stone Pine trees that skirts the ruins. We had just come from the Square Colosseum, a beautiful and problematic relic of Mussolini's Facist regime, and there were treated with the exact opposite experience: guards, gates, and the glare of the sun. It's called Palazzo della Civiltà Italiano and was meant to be the show piece of Mussolini's new European capital. The Square Colosseum was built to celebrate the original Colosseum, evoking the greatness of Roman Empire with its arches, while also speaking to the Facist future of Italy with its severe rational lines.
It had recently been turned into the global headquarters of Fendi and despite its historical significance, it is gated around the perimeter with a 12 foot high security fence, watched over by a guard in a glass booth who, no doubt, plays both security officer and fashion police. We walked around the exterior and it is a beautiful, soaring temple that stuns you while making you feel small and insignificant. The symmetry of the arches and the purity of the travertine marble make for a great instagram photo. We tried to enter to get a sense of the interior but were swiftly told to leave by a FendiBot.
Unlike Canada where every piece of 50+ year-old history is labelled and remembered, in Rome and with these two symbols of Italian history in particular, there is no plaque—you have to put the pieces together yourself.
It was an interesting day. On the one hand you have a park with two thousand year-old relics of a civilization that birthed our own, unencumbered by security fences and on the other you have a building that was built for the people that represented Italian Facism—the very worst of European history—and is now inaccessible to the public. Andrew and I loved being able to walk and fly the drone over and under the aqueducts and take photos of the soaring Facist temple of the Square Colosseum. Both are similar—the use of arches, conceived as acts of empire and meant to inspire the people of Rome. Together, you get a complete picture of Rome — from the age of Emperors to the rise and fall of Facism.
If you're looking to get away from the crowds and see Roman history in a unique way, the one thing to do is this Arch Tour of Aqueduct Park and the Square Colosseum. Bring water, a baseball cap and a phone with data.
Previous Project (p)	Noto Fresca
Next Project (n)	Alternative Florence
WE ARE CANADIAN
one thing travels.


text:
Il fiume Saint Clair è un fiume dell'America Settentrionale, che scorre per 64 km verso Sud tra il lago Huron e il lago Saint Clair, lungo il confine tra lo Stato dell'Ontario (Canada) e quello del Michigan (Stati Uniti).

Il fiume, con i suoi canali navigabili, è un importante via di comunicazione per imbarcazioni mercantili tra la zona alta e quella bassa dei Grandi Laghi.

Sul St. Clair passa anche un ponte stradale e ferroviario che collega le città di Port Huron (Stati Uniti e Point Edward (Canada, Ontario).

Isole
Nel fiume St. Clair vi sono alcune isole:

 Stag Island è situata tra Corunna e Marysville. L'isola ospita attualmente più di 100 case di proprietà sia dai cittadini americani e canadesi.

 Fawn Island vicina a Port Lambton e Marine City. Ci sono oltre 50 cottage sull'isola, tutti accessibili tramite due canali dell'isola.

 Walpole Island, Seaway, Bassett, Squirrel, Pottowatamie, St. Anne, Dickinson, Russell Island e Harsens Island, situate nel punto dove il St. Clair si immette nel Lago St. Clair, nei pressi di Algonac; queste isole formano il delta del fiume.

Attraversamenti
Questa è una lista di ponti e altri attraversamenti del fiume St. Clair dal lago di St. Clair a monte al lago Huron.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Fiumi del Michigan
Fiumi dell'Ontario
Affluenti del Lago Erie
Lago Huron

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Legal music, comprehensive library and affordable solutions for small to enterprise businesses.Start Your Free Trial NOW
How to Pick the Perfect Retail Music (Ultimate Playlist)
How can you pull consumers into your store when they could buy the products they want from the comfort of their couch? That's a question thousands of retail executives are asking themselves right now, and the answers could have to do with price, convenience, or service. Delivering an exceptional audible experience could also play a role.
When consumers walk into a retail space and everything they encounter seems perfectly curated, including the music, they may never want to leave.
Music plays a big role in developing that exceptional retail experience. Here's what you should think about as you look for the right soundtrack for your shoppers.
Start With Your Audience
Talk to your marketing team, and ask about buyer personas. Larger organizations often perform this persona work in order to develop sophisticated marketing plans, and if that research has been done, you can use it.
If not, don't despair. Think about the top consumers who visit you on a regular basis. Try to determine their:
Use that research to determine how loud your music should be. For example, in a 1993 study published by the Association for Consumer Research, the authors report that middle-aged people preferred to shop when music was playing in the foreground, so it's harder to ignore, while those older than 50 preferred music in the background. If all of your shoppers are younger, you might need to keep the volume up a bit. If everyone is older, quiet might be key.
Next, think about the music your audience is likely to know. Familiar music helps your audience to hum along while they browse, and if the music seems happy or positive, your consumers might reflect those emotions.
For example, in a study published in the Journal of Services Marketing, researchers found that women shopping in a clothing store felt the most at ease in a store if the music they heard was both familiar and happy. It might take some research if you're not in the same age group of economic bracket as your shoppers. But once you understand what they're likely to know, and you've dug in to select the happy bits from the catalogue, you're likely to have a playlist that's tailored to your target market.
Need Help Picking the Perfect Retail Music?
Think About Your Product
Think about the playlists you've created. You probably have a set of songs dedicated to workouts, another set dedicated to romantic moments, and yet another dedicated to relaxing. You know, deep down, that music should match the activities you're engaged in.
Just as you wouldn't play heavy rap music while you're settling down to sleep, you shouldn't offer your consumers musical choices that seem either unusual or jarring. Make a choice like that, and it could have an impact on your bottom line.
For example, in a study published by the Association for Consumer Research, wine shop retailers offered consumers the choice between top 40 music and classical music as they browsed for their beverages. They found that consumers made more expensive purchases when they listened to classical music when compared to top 40 music.
This makes sense, researchers said, as wine tasting is considered both a little foreign and a lot sophisticated. People who enjoy wine may think of themselves as refined and perhaps a little superior. Playing very refined music, that often comes with a hint of the foreign, helps to reinforce the upscale experience. It allows those consumers to indulge without even thinking about it.
The name of a study published in The Sociological Review explains this concept in a different way. The name of the study, 'When You're Trying Something On, You Picture Yourself in a Place Where They Are Playing This Kind of Music," seems to imply that some shopping experiences require vision. People think about what they will do with the product they're buying, and they want the music to support that vision.
Dig deep into your product lines and think about how they make consumers feel about themselves and the world around them, and you'll have great ideas for a playlist.
Ponder Your Business Goals
While your consumers and your products will have a deep influence on the choices you make, your business goals will also help you make smart decisions.
For example, some retail outlets are designed for quick transactions. You want people to come in, find what they want, and leave again without lingering. Other retail spaces are designed for browsing. You want people to stick around.
In a study published in the Journal of Business Research, the authors found that people stayed in retail environments longer when they were exposed to unfamiliar music. Their brains were processing the new music, so it took them longer to move through the space. If you were hoping for a long trip, this would be just right.
But on the other hand, if you know your consumers will stay for a long time but you don't want them to notice, you might need entirely different music. In a study published by the Faculty of Economics and Business at Ku Leuven, researchers found that people standing in long lines were more likely to tolerate them when the music they heard was slow and calming.
Think about your goals and challenges, and find ways to make the music deliver the experiences you're hoping for.
Consider the Legal Issues
Mixing music is fun, and it's tempting to hop into your own CD collection to create the perfect music to shop by. But there are serious legal implications for DIY DJ work.
Experts writing in Entrepreneur report that small business owners must have a license to play the music they've chosen, and playing music without a license can come with steep fees. A California store was forced to pay nearly $200,000 in damages and attorneys' fees in a recent case, the experts said. It's not safe to wing it.
Getting that license can be complicated, as there are several different entities that work as go-betweens. As the National Federation of Independent Business points out, a composer may have a license with one entity while the band may have a license with another.
That's why working with a company like Cloud Cover Music is so smart.
We have negotiated relationships with all licensing firms, so you won't be at risk for legal issues when you use our products. We can also help to develop playlists that are just right for your consumers, your products, and your brand. Ready to get started? We are. Contact us.
Using Store Music for Retail Zoning: A Field Experiment. (1993). Association for Consumer Research.
An Exploration of Happy/Sad and Liked/Disliked Music Effects on Shopping Intentions in a Women's Clothing Store Service Setting. (2008). Journal of Services Marketing.
The Influence of Background Music on Shopping Behavior: Classical Versus Top-Forty Music in a Wine Store. (1993). Association for Consumer Research.
When You're Trying Something On, You Picture Yourself in a Place Where They Are Playing This Kind of Music: Musically Sponsored Agency in the British Clothing Retail Sector. (December 2001). The Sociological Review.
The Effects of Music in a Retail Setting on Real and Perceived Shopping Times. (August 2000). Journal of Business Research.
The Effect of Musical Tempo and Volume on the Waiting Time and Price Perception of Customers. (2013). Ku Leuven.
What You Need to Know About Music Licensing for Your Business. (March 2013). Entrepreneur.
You Might Need a License to Play Music in Your Small Business. (September 2011). National Federation of Independent Business.
The Effects of Music on Purchasing Behavior
Use Music to Increase Sales
Music and Office Productivity
Music In Clinical Settings
Music, Learning and Children
Retail Music Psychology
How Music Affects the Mood
Music and Brand Perception
Guide to Hearing Loss Prevention
How Music Can Encourage Buying
Impact on Big-ticket Spending
Impact on Medical Outcomes
Benefits in Hospitals and Medical Settings
Music, Dementia and Alzheimer's
What Music to Play for Animals?
Music Manners at Music Events
Playing Music in Dentist Offices
Music to Encourage Buying
Music Festival Psychology


text:
D.R. Horton joins builder team at Sterling on the Lake
14 July . 2010
Atlanta, GA – Sterling on the Lake by Newland Communities, the award-winning residential community in Flowery Branch, Ga., has announced that D.R. Horton will join the community as one of its premier builder partners.
The largest builder in the nation, D.R. Horton has been in business for more than 30 years and has been named the #1 builder for eight years in a row by Builder Magazine.
Among the homes offered by D.R. Horton at Sterling on the Lake will be two series: two-story homes with basements priced from the $180's with three to four bedrooms and approximately 2,000 to 2,600 square feet of living space; and, spacious one and two-story homes from the $190's, with an estimated 2,400-4,000 square feet of living space and three to five bedrooms.
These homes by D.R. Horton include many features and designer details to set interiors apart, such as chair rails, granite countertops, ceramic tile backsplash in the kitchen, wainscoting and crown molding in the living areas. Plus, energy-saving, double pane windows and air conditioning systems with two independent zones to keep homeowners comfortable and help save on energy bills.
Patrick Clark, vice president, general manager for Newland Communities said, "We are so pleased to welcome D.R. Horton to Sterling on the Lake, which gives our future residents even more options for homes at a superior value. D.R. Horton is one of the strongest building companies in the nation, and we look forward to offering their expertise, quality, service, and, of course, their beautiful homes here at our award-winning community."
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tags: Sterling on the Lake
Estrella opens new neighborhood by William Ryan Homes
Mountain Ranch Marketplace at Estrella receives LEED Gold Certification
Elyson Leads the Way for Value-Add Spaces


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Home » Soccer » Transfer news LIVE – Arsenal and Chelsea medicals, Trossard deadline
Transfer news LIVE – Arsenal and Chelsea medicals, Trossard deadline
Arsenal and Chelsea are hopeful of completing the signings of Leandro Trossard and Noni Madueke today after striking agreements with Brighton and PSV Eindhoven, respectively. Both London clubs are welcoming the attackers for medicals on Friday morning ahead of the 12pm registration deadline as supporters frantically await news on their potential involvement this weekend against Manchester United and Liverpool.
Arsenal have been working around the clock to bring in a new forward for Mikel Arteta and now they have finally landed their man in the form of Brighton attacker Trossard, who will sign a long-term contract at the Emirates Stadium.
Meanwhile, in the midst of Thursday evening's chaos, Chelsea moved quickly to prise Madueke away from PSV with the Englishman now set to return home to test himself in the Premier League after over four years in Holland.
Plenty of other deals could also be completed today with relegation-threatened West Ham and Everton both hopeful of confirming a new arrival ahead of Saturday's crunch six-pointer at the London Stadium.
Express Sport has you covered with all the latest developments and done deals with our Transfer News LIVE blog on Friday January 20…
Trossard medical and deadline07:35
Madueke set for Chelsea medical07:34
Trossard medical and deadline
Leandro Trossard will undergo his Arsenal medical this morning in London and there is optimism the Gunners will beat the 12pm registration deadline to ensure he could feature against Manchester United on Sunday.
Arsenal shook hands on a £27million deal on Thursday afternoon with Brighton and will pay an initial £21m plus add-ons.
The Belgian international said his goodbyes at Brighton on Thursday after training with his team-mates for the final time before heading to London.
Personal terms are already agreed and Trossard will sign a long-term contract until the summer of 2027 with the option for an additional 12 months – although there has been some indication there has been a late change to his deal which could now expire in 2026 (still with a 12-month option).
The Gunners are finally set to land the attacking signing they craved after enduring agony in their pursuit of Mykhaylo Mudryk last week.
Man Utd receive Pellistri loan offer
Manchester United are facing a decision on young Uruguayan winger Facundo Pellistri after Flamengo made a loan offer with an option to buy.
O Globo in Brazil suggest a deal could be close between the two clubs with talks at an advanced stage.
Erik ten Hag has already said he wants to keep Pellistri but game time could be hard to come by due to United's stacked forward line.
Instead, a return to South America could be firmly on the agenda with United now poised to make a difficult decision on the attacker's future with Pellistri keen to play regular football following his strong involvement with Uruguay at the World Cup.
Madueke set for Chelsea medical
Noni Madueke is also set to undergo his Chelsea medical today as he prepares to become the sixth signing of the January window at Stamford Bridge.
PSV and Chelsea have agreed a £35m deal including add-ons for the young English starlet, who has been courted by a whole host of Premier League clubs since moving to Holland in 2018.
Although there was an initial gap in valuation, Chelsea moved quickly and upped their offer after seeing their opening bid of £25m rebuffed by the Dutch giants.
Madueke can play in multiple positions across the frontline and fits Chelsea's newly-devised transfer policy like a glove as one of Europe's hottest talents.
He is already in London after making the trip from Eindhoven on Thursday night.
Chelsea would have to register him by 12pm today to ensure he is available to face Liverpool on Saturday lunchtime, although that currently looks unlikely.
« Chelsea boss Potter has himself to blame if Caicedo deal falls through
Spurs fan branded 'disgrace to football' wanting Man City win to spite Arsenal »


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Delaware Court of Chancery Removes Trustees of Trust Set up for the Benefit Sex Abuse Victim after the Trustees Spend the Majority of Trust Funds in Only Five Months
Hardy v. Hardy, et. al. C.A. No. 7531-VCP (July 29, 2014)
The Delaware Court of Chancery recently removed the trustees of a trust set up for the benefit of an individual who had received over $300,000 for the settlement of sex abuse case against the Catholic Diocese of Wilmington. The trustees spent the majority of the settlement in only five months. The court awarded the beneficiary his attorneys' fees and costs under the bad faith exception to the American Rule.
The trustees bought two luxury vehicles and renovated their own residence, expending approximately $150,000 of the funds on just those items. In an attempt to convince the court that the beneficiary had authorized the use of the funds, the trustees presented a signed and notarized "consent agreement" executed by the beneficiary that permitted the funds to be used on these expenses. The Vice Chancellor was unswayed, finding that the transactions were self-interested and that the consent agreement was ineffective because the beneficiary had never received any competent impartial advice regarding the transactions at issue. The court found that by spending the funds in this manner, the trustees violated their fiduciary duty of loyalty to the beneficiary and that the beneficiary was entitled to removal of the trustees and damages in the amount of the funds expended.
The Vice Chancellor also found that the trustees violated their fiduciary duties to the beneficiary by failing to account for approximately $120,000 withdrawn from the trust's bank account. Although the court questioned the veracity of the trustees' testimony and their record-keeping, the Court determined that at least some of those monies went to pay off the beneficiary's debts and held the trustees liable for only $90,000 of the unaccounted-for funds.
The trust instrument's exculpation clause did not shield the trustees from liability because they were, in the court's eyes, at least grossly negligent in their use of the trust funds.
Finally, the court awarded the beneficiary his reasonable attorneys' fees under the bad faith exception to the American Rule. The court found that the trustees' pre-litigation conduct showed an "utter disregard for the purpose of the Trust." Further, the trustees' bad faith litigation conduct in making false statements under oath at depositions, as well as noncompliance with orders of the court, was sufficiently egregious to merit an award of attorneys' fees.
Kate Mahoney – Attorney


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