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Latin american journal of aquatic research
Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res. vol.42 no.1 Valparaíso Mar. 2014
http://dx.doi.org/103856/vol42-issue1-fulltext-22
Development of free neuromasts in Engraulis ringens and Strangomera bentincki (Teleostei, Clupeiformes) early larvae
Desarrollo de neuromastos libres en larvas tempranas de Engraulis ringens y Strangomera bentincki (Teleostei, Clupeiformes)
Alejandra Llanos-Rivera1, Guillermo Herrera2, Eduardo Tarifeño3 & Leonardo R. Castro4
1 Unidad de Biotecnología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile. Corresponding author: Alejandra Llanos-Rivera (alllanos@udec.cl).
2 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción Alonso de Rivera 2850, Concepción, Chile.
3 Laboratorio de Ecofisiología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción. P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
4 Laboratorio de Oceanografía Pesquera y Ecología Larval, Programa COPAS Sur Austral y Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
ABSTRACT. Neuromast morphology and distribution are characterized during early ontogeny of anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) and common sardine (Strangomera bentincki). Although both species share morphological features, they show several differences during their early ontogeny, such as size at hatching and yolk absorption. Larvae were obtained from incubation of planktonic eggs (at 12°C), collected during the spawning season 2001 (August-September) at Coliumo Bay. The neuromasts were observed from hatching to 25 days, and the pattern of neuromast appearance, in newly hatched larva, until yolk absorption, was determined using Janus Green staining and scanning electronic microscope. Results showed a similar pattern of neuromast development in both species. At hatching, two pairs of neuromasts were observed in the cephalic area and 8-9 in the rest of the body, which increased to 19 pairs and to 30-39 pairs at a larval size of 11 mm, respectively. On the average, 12 hair cells per neuromast were counted, with little variation among neuromasts. The polarity of these hair cells was closest to multiple polarity. Neuromast positioning for both species, anchoveta and common sardine larvae, are similar to those of Engraulis mordax and Clupea harengus, respectively. The similar development pattern of these species seems to be related to similar functional constraints and close taxonomic affinity.
Keywords: neuromasts, larvae, Engraulis, Strangomera, Clupeiforms, Chile.
RESUMEN. Se caracteriza la distribución y morfología de los neuromastos en la ontogenia temprana de la anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) y sardina común (Strangomera bentincki). Aunque ambas especies comparten varias características morfológicas, muestran diferencias durante la ontogenia temprana, tales como tamaño a la eclosión y absorción de vitelo. Las larvas fueron obtenidas desde la incubación de huevos planctónicos a 12°C, recolectados en la bahía Coliumo durante la estación reproductiva 2001 (agosto-septiembre). Los neuromastos fueron observados desde la eclosión hasta los 25 días posteriores, usando la tinción vital de verde de Jano y microscopía electrónica de barrido. Los resultados muestran un patrón similar de desarrollo en ambas especies. A la eclosión se observaron 2 pares de neuromastos en la región cefálica y entre 8 y 9 en el resto del cuerpo, que a la longitud de 11 mm aumentan a 19 y entre 30 y 39 pares respectivamente. En promedio, se contabilizaron 12 células ciliadas por neuromasto con escasa variación entre neuromastos, con una polaridad cercana a la polaridad múltiple. La posición de los neuromastos de ambas especies, anchoveta y sardina, fueron similares a las descritas para Engraulis mordax y Clupea harengus, respectivamente. El patrón similar de desarrollo de estas especies parece relacionado con sus restricciones funcionales y estrecha afinidad taxonómica.
Palabras clave: neuromastos, larvas, Engraulis, Strangomera, Clupeiformes, Chile.
Neuromasts are mechanical receptors of anamniote aquatic vertebrates whose function is to detect vibrations in the surrounding water. In fishes they are involved in various functions such as predator evasion, group formation, and prey capture (Bone et al., 1995). Most Teleostei hatch with a set of functional, or nearly functional neuromasts on the head and body (Webb, 1999). These sensory organs develop as free neuromasts early in the ontogeny from anterior (preotic) and posterior (postotic) placodes (Northcutt, 2003), and may become enclosed inside canals during larval and juvenile development (O'Connell, 1981).
Each neuromast is composed of several hair cells that contain a bundle of stereocilia and a single kinocilium. These projections are embedded in a long, prominent gelatinous cupula that grows continuously (Blaxter, 1984). Each cell is directionally sensitive, with the polarity determined by the relative position of kinocilia and stereocilia (Webb, 1999). The number, form, and size of the neuromasts (as well as the number of hair cells) increase during the ontogeny, which suggests functional changes through development. The pattern of neuromast development is affected by the relative importance of mechanical perception (e.g., Blaxter & Fuiman, 1990; Mukai et al., 1994), in particular, the onset of vision and other sensory systems, which differs between species (i.e., larvae with comparatively more developed eyes or olfactory organs tend to show slower neuromast development).
The anchoveta, Engraulis ringens Jenyns (Engraulidae), and common sardine Strangomera bentincki (Norman) (Clupeidae), are sympatric species that inhabit the Humboldt Current System. Both species have planktonic eggs and share similar morphological larval features such as pigmentation and body shape (Orellana & Balbontín, 1983). However, the two species differ in size at hatching (common sardine 2.5-3.2 mm and anchoveta 2.1-3.1 mm) and yolk absorption/eye pigmentation (common sardine 5.1-5.3 mm and anchoveta 3.8-4.0 mm; Herrera et al., 1987). The information on their dietary composition suggests distinct capture abilities and possibly different perception abilities; common sardine larvae can capture more mobile prey than anchoveta larvae (Llanos-Rivera et al., 2004). However, there is no information about neuromast in the larvae of these two species, except for the observation of small mechano-receptor protuberances located along the sides of the body in larval anchoveta by Fischer (1958). A comparative analysis of neuromast development between these two species, which share a similar larval morphology, might help to explain the observed ontogenetic differences. The hypothesis that early larvae of S. bentincki develop a more complex neuromast system for mechanical perception to feed on mobile prey will be tested.
In this study, the development of free neuromasts during the early ontogeny (hatching to early post-flexion) was characterized in anchoveta and common sardine, in terms of number, position, sequence of appearance, length of cupulae, number of hair cells, and polarity. These results are then compared with related and unrelated species.
Larvae were obtained from the incubation of eggs collected from Coliumo Bay, Chile (36°32'S, 72°56'W). Eggs were incubated at 12°C in filtered (0.5 mm) and sterilized (UV) seawater. Post-yolk sac larvae were fed with micro-algae, rotifers, and Artemia nauplii sequentially.
In order to identify the neuromast appearance patterns throughout the yolk-sac period, anesthetized (benzocaine, BZ-20) larvae were stained in 0.1% Janus Green solution in sea water (Blaxter, 1984). This procedure was used to obtain information on cupulae length and neuromast number and position. For a more detailed structural characterization, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used. Larvae from yolk sac to post-flexion were anesthetized, measured, preserved in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, prepared for SEM observation following Elston (1981), and subsequently observed from the left and right sides. This procedure was used to obtain information on distribution and the number of neuromasts as well as hair cell polarity.
To assess differences in the length of the cupula and the rate of neuromasts proliferation between species, a t-test and ANCOVA were carried out respectively. In these analyses the software Statistica 7.0 was used.
Anchoveta and common sardine hatched with a complement of two cephalic pairs of neuromasts anterior to the otic capsules, plus 7-8 pairs on the trunk (Fig. 1a). The first to develop corresponds to the otic neuromast (from the preotic series), also observed in other clupeiforms such as Alosa sapidissima (Shardo, 1996). This pair was observed to develop before hatching in anchoveta (stage XI of Moser & Ahlstrom, 1985). The second pair develops anteriorly on the snout; with the cupulae projecting forward (Figs. 1b, 2).
Figure 1. Yolk sac larva of Engraulis ringens (3.6 mm total length). a) Lateral view (30x) showing neuromasts along the trunk, b) head detail (280x) cephalic neuromasts, c) frontal area detail with olfactory channels (690x), d) trunk neuromast detail (1500x), e) cephalic region neuromast detail (5000x).
Figure 2. Late yolk sac larva of Strangomera bentincki (5.2 mm total length) stained with Janus Green. Dorsal view (40x) showing O: otic, F: frontal and trunk neuromasts already present at 1: hatching, 2: of later appearance.
At hatching, both species have trunk neuromasts that are evenly spaced from behind the posterior end of the yolk sac to close to the tip of the tail. The distribution is not symmetrical between left and right sides; they are separated by 1 to 4 myomeres in dorsal view.
The neuromasts observed at hatching were the same size on the head and body in both species, indicating simultaneous formation during the embryonic period inside the egg; the cupulae grow in length as the larvae develop. The newer neuromasts form small cupulae that gradually increase in length as the larvae grow (Fig. 2). The cupulae of the first neuromasts from the head and trunk of newly hatched larvae measured 93 ± 28 and 121 ± 13 μm for anchoveta and 112 ± 52 and 138 ± 28 μm for common sardine without significant differences between species (t-test, P = 0.161).
Two days after hatching, the number of cephalic neuromasts increased with the addition of one pair above and one pair below the eye; these are the first of the supraorbital and infraorbital series, respectively. The number of neuromasts on the trunk does not increase during this period.
The numbers and position of neuromasts at hatching for anchoveta and common sardine larvae are similar to those observed in other Clupeiformes with comparable hatching sizes (and egg size). Engraulis mordax has 10-11 pairs (3-4 on the head and 6-7 on the trunk; Blaxter et al., 1983) and Sardinops melanosticta has 12 pairs (Matsuoka, 2001). Hatching larvae of Clupea harengus 8-10 (mm) have 6-8 remarkably larges pairs on the head and 10 pairs of neuromasts on the trunk (approximately 1 every four myomeres; O'Connell, 1981).
Initial hatching number and position of neuromasts are fairly constant within each of the two studied species. The results also show that there are no major variations between species as the intra-specific variation exceeds that between species. There seems to be a relative constancy in the number of the neuromasts formed before hatching and during the yolk sac period. The results recorded here fall within the range given for other distantly related groups such as Micropogonias undulatus (Perciformes: Scianidae; Poling & Fuiman, 1997) and Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae; Blaxter, 1984), which develop 2-5 pairs on the head and 5-6 pairs on the trunk, respectively.
Yolk absorption at 12°C occurs at 3.8 mm in anchoveta (4 days) and at 5.1 mm in common sardine (6 days). At this stage, the distribution and number of neuromasts is similar in both species, increasing on the average to 6 pairs on the head and 10-11 pairs on the trunk. On the head, the new neuromasts develop in the anterior portion of the supraorbital and infraorbital canals. On the trunk, the new neuromasts appear in middle intervening positions with respect to the initial ones; they also tend to form at different myomere level on both sides (Fig. 2). It has been hypothesized that this proliferation pattern in successive waves of intervening neuromasts confers greater early functionality (Fuiman et al., 2004).
Flexion larvae (9.1-10.6 mm) of both species have 17-18 pairs of trunk and tail neuromasts. Most of these are found along the mid side of the body, although a few occur slightly below that line. Additionally, 3 to 4 pairs of neuromasts begin to develop in the area of the developing hypural plates. The neuromasts on the head increase with the addition to the supraorbital and infraorbital series, and the appearance of the first on the preoperculomandibular series. However, the numbers begin to differ between species as anchoveta larvae show more neuromasts than those of common sardine at comparable stages.
In the largest post-flexion larvae analyzed (>11 mm), the trunk neuromasts increase to 30-39 pairs on both species. During this stage, a row of 4 neuromasts along the margin of hypural plates is noticeable (Fig. 3a). In other species, the neuromasts on the trunk continue to proliferate until they reach one per myomere; this is attained at 13-15 mm in Engraulis mordax (O'Connell, 1981). However, this had not occurred in either of the two studied species by day 25, when they had reached a maximum of 12 mm (Engraulis ringens) and 11.5 mm (Strangomera bentincki).
Figure 3. Details of neuromasts in post-flexion larvae. a) Detail of the tail (50x) of Engraulis ringens, b) lateral view of the head (50x) of Engraulis ringens, c) detail of the eye area (2500x) of a post-flexion larva of Strangomera bentincki.
he cephalic neuromasts reach a maximum of 26 in anchoveta vs 34-36 in common sardine, respectively. There were no signs of cephalic canal formation in larval anchoveta (Fig. 3b). This process takes place at a larger size; it was recorded to begin after 15 mm in Engraulis mordax (O'Connell, 1981). The beginning of the invagination of an infraorbital neuromast was observed in 11.2-mm common sardine larvae (Fig. 3c).
When analyzing the rate of neuromast proliferation between species, no differences on the trunk were found (Fig. 4a, F(1,58) =3.07, P = 0.084). In the cephalic area, however, anchoveta larvae have a higher proliferation rate than those of common sardine (Fig. 4b, F(1,58) = 23.75, P < 0.001). This was the only significant difference recorded between species.
Figure 4. Relationship between larval length and number of neuromasts of Engraulis ringens (anchoveta) and Strangomera bentincki (common sardine) larvae. a) Neuromasts of the cephalic area, b) neuromasts of the trunk.
Both species have the same number of hair cells per neuromast (12) at hatching (Figs. 1d-1e). This number is the same in cephalic and trunk neuromasts, shows little variation within or between species, and remains constant until after flexion. Hair cells begin to increase in number during post-flexion stages, as 15 were recorded in the largest larvae studied in both species. This pattern of initial appearance is similar to that of yolk sac larvae of Thunnus orientalis (Kawamura et al., 2003) but it differs from that of Clupea harengus larvae that hatch with 6-10 hair cells per neuromast. However, the latter species shows a major difference during early development as the eye becomes pigmented during egg development and vision seems to be a major factor of larval sensory perception.
The polarity of each cell was analyzed in those neuromasts in which each kinocilia and stereocilia could be clearly identified. In the two studied species, both head and trunk neuromasts had two polarities: cranial-caudal and dorsal-ventral (Fig. 5). In other clupeiform, such as Clupea and Alosa, it is more common to find undirectional polarity, where neuromasts have either cranial-caudal or dorsal-ventral polarity (e.g., Blaxter et al., 1983; Shardo, 1996).
Figure 5. Detail of neuromasts from yolk sac larvae. a) Engraulis ringens (6000x), b) Strangomera bentincki (8000x). Each arrow indicates the polarity of the adjacent hair cell.
The structure of the lateral line of the adults shows a great deal of variation in Teleostei and it has been extensively used in phylogenetic analyses. However, the development pattern during the early ontogeny is less variable and seems to be determined by functional constraints (e.g., Kawamura et al., 2003). Unrelated species with similar reproductive traits (i.e., pelagic eggs and larvae) such as bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis, Kawamura et al., 2003), anchoveta, and common sardine have early larvae that show similar neuromast number, distribution, number of hair cells, and polarity. Indeed, this can be even observed within Clupeiformes with different reproductive strategies and habitats; Harengula jaguana (demersal eggs), Brevoortia tyrannus and Anchoa mitchilli (pelagic eggs) (Higgs & Fuiman, 1998).
A more detailed analysis of closely related species with different early developmental features and environmental responses would help determine the relative importance of neuromast evolutionary history and function.
This work was partially funded by FONDECYT Grant No. 1990470 to L.R. Castro, E. Tarifeño and R. Escribano. We thank E. Montero for her help with in-vivo staining techniques and C. Nicolás and A. Molina for their help with the photographic work.
Blaxter, J.H.S. & L. Fuiman. 1990. The role of the sensory systems of herring larvae in evading predatory fishes. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK., 70: 413-427. [ Links ]
Blaxter, J.H.S. 1984. Neuromasts and cupular growth of cod larvae. In: E. Dahl, D. Danielsen, E. Mokness & P. Solemdal (eds.). The propagation of cod Gadus morhua L. Flodevigen Rapportser, pp. 183-188. [ Links ]
Blaxter, J.H.S., J.A.B. Gray & A.C.G. Best. 1983. Structure and development of the free neuromasts and lateral line system of the herring. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK., 63: 247-260. [ Links ]
Bone, Q., N.B. Marshall & J.H.S. Blaxter. 1995. Biology of fishes. Chapman and Hall, New York, 332 pp. [ Links ]
Elston, R. 1981. Morphology and development of the olfactory organ in larval walleye, Stizostedion vitreum. Copeia, 1981: 890-893. [ Links ]
Fischer, W. 1958. Huevos, crías y primeras prelarvas de la anchoveta Engraulis ringens Jenyns. Rev. Biol. Mar., 8(1-3): 111-124. [ Links ]
Fuiman, L., D. Higos & K. Poling. 2004. Changing structure and function of the ear and lateral system of fishes during development. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp., 40: 117-144. [ Links ]
Herrera, G., E. Tarifeño & M. Orellana. 1987. Descripción de huevos y primeras fases larvales de la sardina común (Strangomera bentincki) y del machuelo (Ethmidium maculatum). Biol. Pesq., 16: 107-113. [ Links ]
Higgs, D. & L. Fuiman. 1998. Associations between sensory development and ecology in three species of Clupeoid fish. Copeia, 1998(1): 133-144. [ Links ]
Kawamura, G., S. Masuma, N. Tezuka, M. Koiso, T. Jinbo & K. Namba. 2003. Morphogenesis of sense organs in the bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis. In: H.L Browman & A.B. Skiftesvik (eds.). The big fish bang. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Larval Fish Conference 2003. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, pp. 123-135. [ Links ]
Llanos-Rivera, A., G. Herrera & P. Bernal. 2004. Food size selectivity and dietary overlap in larvae of clupeiform species from central Chile. Cah. Biol. Mar., 45: 1-8. [ Links ]
Matsuoka, M. 2001. Development of sense organs in the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus. Fish. Sci., 67: 1036-1045. [ Links ]
Moser, G. & E. Ahlstrom. 1985. Staging anchovy eggs. In: R. Lasker (ed.). An egg production method for estimating spawning biomass of pelagic fish: application to the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax, NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 36, pp. 37-41. [ Links ]
Mukai, Y., H. Yoshikawa & H. Kobayashi. 1994. The relationship between the length of the cupulae of free neuromasts and feeding ability in larvae of the willow shiner Gnathoppogon elongatus caerulescens (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). J. Exp. Biol., 197: 399-403. [ Links ]
Northcutt, G. 2003. Development of the lateral line system in the channel catfish. In: H.I. Browman & A.B. Skiftesvik (eds.). The big fish bang. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Larval Fish Conference. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, pp. 123-135. [ Links ]
O'Connell, C. 1981. Development of organ systems in the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax, and other teleosts. Am. Zool., 21: 429-446. [ Links ]
Orellana, M. & F. Balbontín. 1983. Estudio comparativo de las larvas de Clupeiformes de la costa de Chile. Rev. Biol. Mar., 19: 1-46. [ Links ]
Poling, K.R. & L.A. Fuiman. 1997. Sensory development and concurrent behavioral changes in Atlantic croaker larvae. J. Fish. Biol., 51: 402-421. [ Links ]
Shardo, J.D. 1996. Radial polarity of the first neuromast in embryonic American shad, Alosa sapidissima (Teleostei: Clupeomorpha). Copeia, 1996: 226-228. [ Links ]
Webb, J. 1999. Larvae in fish development and evolution. In: B.K. Hall & M.H. Wahe (eds.). Evolution and diversity of larval form. Academic Press, New York, pp. 109-158. [ Links ]
Received: 3 June 2013; Accepted: 11 December 2013
Valparaíso-Chile
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Torque app for windows
Torque app for windows. Torque OBD 2 engine diagnostics — Torque 2019-02-12
Tuesday, February 12, 2019 1:18:55 PM Debra
Torque Pro (OBD 2 & Car) For PC (Windows And Mac)
Torque Pro is an application running on the Android operating system. Check the app website for more information and differences between the versions. I have tried with the engine on, just the ignition, and no ignition at all. So it is tough to find out best android emulator for Windows. It means that it is in development state. Grab from the Google Playstore here! Of course, the recommendation is that you immediately take your car to a service station at the first possible chance.
Torque Pro (OBD 2 & Car) For PC, Windows 10/8/7 And Mac
The app is linked to a sensor from which it retrieves all the information and displays it on an Android terminal screen. Just install torque Pro on your device and find out the problem in your car easily. You also can share screenshots of your car issues on social media like Facebook, Twitter, Google+ etc. You need to apply this profiles again to add new sensors. You can first check your car engine, there should be a big white label about engine specification.
Get OBD Auto Doctor
Torque works on android 1. Just send us e-mail to support obdautodoctor. Same also goes for the log outputs csv format. Other than that possibly the ability to have a screen that has checkboxes of what parameters you want the log to contain including turbo boost would be nice. Tried restarting everything and changed the Fast options, but still no go. Torque is a cutting-edge vehicle diagnostic and performance scanner app for your Android smartphone. Show More What's new in this version 20.
Torque Lite (OBD2 & Car) For PC (Windows 7, 8, 10, XP) Free Download
The Raw Data display does not get live data. Here we are going to use BlueStacks emulator which is one of best and most popular android emulator. Check out the simple Torque Pro installation guide. For the starters Download and Install BlueStacks App Player. I will buy ad free version when Taiwan Android paid market open. Thank you to the developer for the quick response, your suggestion to remove and reinstall the app did the trick and it works just fine now.
How to Install Torque Lite & Pro for PC
Upon the Completion of download and install, open BlueStacks. In which case, i found the simplest way is to press menu and exit which i think refresh the app. It will also broaden your understanding on how the engine systems work to give you the desired levels of performance and responsiveness. Available on Google Play Store, Torque Pro is the featured product. Just send us e-mail to support obdautodoctor. It has a ton of built-in features.
Torque Pro (OBD 2 & Car) For PC (Windows & MAC)
The Pro version — You have to pay for this version in order to use it. I like it a lot. You can use on almost all kind of devices. It can be downloaded entirely for free from the Google Play Store. In most situations, there is really no way to know what causes the light to come on, or what the actual problem is.
Torque Pro for PC, Windows 10 and Mac
It will also tell you your average speed over a certain trip. First we suggest you to check out main features of this app which help you to know about it more. And also able to send logging information to web or email. This is a tiny adapter which fit in Engine plugin socket and diagnose every thing to give back you more details about engine. It helps you fix your car and helps keep repair costs down! The only way to know for certain would be to buy Torque Pro.
Open app player and go t my apps. I am going to try it with a laptop next. This includes most vehicles produced after the year 2000 and a wide-range of vehicles produced after 1996. It will take Bluestacks some time to install the Torque Pro on your computer. The entire procedure of booking an appointment and diagnosing the meaning of the fault code alone will cost hundreds of dollars upfront. And also saved tons of money.
The only thing that you need to do is to select the right app from the results page and click on the install button. This is what makes Windows Mobile worth having. The adapter is small and plugs into the diagnostics socket on the car which gives your phone access. This app really has potential in the auto community to do very well. Others are minor enhancements that can allow you to share data to social media sites such as Twitter or additional ways to track and record different data. For other best visit our blog. Step 6: Search for Torque Lite After signing in, you will get access to the full Play Store Dashboard.
Get Car Scanner ELM OBD2
I would troubleshoot by deleting any paired instance from your phone completely, then resetting the bluetooth device by removing and reseating it in the diagnostic socket. And helped you to scanned your car performance and diagnostic engine problem in seconds. Torque is basically an android app. From there, you can access all the features the app provides for you. Remember: the emulator is free, but the app is not. With this app, you can know the error in your car easily.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"Psytrance Mega FX" is a completely essential collection of tools for any modern Psytrance producer. A blend of analog and digital sound design, bringing these innovative sounds into your tracks. 100 Key-Labelled effects, never heard before. Now is the time to replace your old, abused FX Loops and inject some freshness into your next hit.
You will find 40 x Impacts, 40 x Risers and Buildups, 20 x Synth FX. Everything is Key and BPM labelled for ease of use. You can easy time-stretch and pitch the FX up or down, without ruining the quality. Also you can mix between different loops to get your own unique effects. All content recorded at 24-bit WAV quality, 100% Royalty-Free.
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Wally Hall forgiven Bobby Knight yet?
I read this on Wally's blog today.
When Arkansas plays Alabama tomorrow night the color analyst will be Bobby Knight, which has sent a few inquiries as to why I don't write or say his name.
I did go about 10 years I would not say or write his name.
What happened was about 14 years ago when he came to Little Rock to speak at a fundraiser for UALR, featured as a family night get together, Knight, of course, was foul-mouthed and then he started in on something I had written and said I had to be the son of a prostitute.
My mom, 75 at the time, heard it on the news that night and cried for a week. No one had ever called her a prostitute.
A few years ago my former pastor, and still close friend, Robert Lewis asked with a smile if I thought my not writing Knight's name showed forgiveness on my part.
Since then I have written his name, but not very often.
My mom is 89 now and doesn't remember it, but that isn't unusual for her any more.
Poster for November 2008 benefit for Pressly family, held at Peabody Hotel in Little Rock.
Max Brantley of the Ark Times Blog often attacks those on my side of the gun control debate and that makes me argue even harder for the 2nd amendment. Several months ago Lindsey Miller and Max Brantley were talking during their weekly podcast and Miller noted that an older lady living in the Heights area in Little Rock found an intruder in her house and she gave him her purse and he left. Miller commented that is the best policy and if the lady had a gun things could have turned out worse for her. My observation is that Anne Pressly lived in the same neighborhood and things were much worse for her. She got raped and killed. I wish she had been trained in using a gun and had one in the house. Then maybe she would have survived the night.
I love these two posters.
There is no safety crisis in schools as far as mass shootings go!!!
The Atlantic's Jeffrey Goldberg abandons his liberal friends on gun control.
Gun control arguments very logical?
I know it will be difficult to pass a Balanced Budget Amendment but at least Senator Mike Lee is trying.
Sen. Mike Lee (R-Utah) is aiming to force lawmakers to spend within the means of the tax-paying public by introducing a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution that puts strict limits on the ability of Congress to run deficits and increase the national debt.
Introduction of Lee's bill comes on the heels of House action on Wednesday to suspend the $16.4 trillion debt ceiling until May 19 rather than increasing the level, and in turn requires Congress to pass a budget by April 15 – a task that has not been accomplished in several years.
Lee's bill would also limit spending to 18 percent of the gross national product, and requires a two-thirds vote of Congress to run a deficit, raise taxes, or increase the debt limit.
"All past efforts of Congress to limit spending have utterly failed. None of the existing restraints – the Budget Act, spending caps, the debt limit, the sequester – have gotten spending under control, and we have $16.4 trillion of debt to prove it. Only a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution will permanently bind Congress and force both parties to live within the nation's means. Anything less will simply maintain our dysfunctional and unsustainable status quo," Lee said.
Although a popular idea with the public, a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution has failed past legislative attempts by Republican lawmakers.
The closest the bill has come to being law was 15 years ago, when it passed the House with bipartisan support but was defeated in the Senate by one vote.
The last time Congress voted on a balanced budget amendment was in 2011 as part of an agreement to raise the debt ceiling. It was rejected in both the House and Senate. The chances of Lee's legislation passing in the Democratic-controlled Senate this session look equally slim.
The Balanced Budget Amendment is the only thing I can think of that would force Washington to cut spending. We have only a handful of balanced budgets in the last 60 years, so obviously what we are doing is not working. We are passing along this debt to the next generation.
Thank you for this opportunity to share my ideas with you.
Milton Friedman warned the computer industry!!!
Milton Friedman was a man of common sense and great foresight. What he said in 1999 has come to pass and the Cato Institute article on 1-28-13 pointed that out.
The industry's affection for Washington keeps growing. Facebook had 38 lobbyists working in 2012.
It's a measure of how far Silicon Valley has strayed from its entrepreneurial roots that a top regulator is calling on technology companies to do less lobbying and more competing.In a letter to the editor responding to a report in this column on how Google GOOG -0.39%spent $25 million lobbying to stop an antitrust case against it, Federal Trade Commission Chairman Jon Leibowitz wrote that companies should not draw the lesson that lobbying pays. Instead, he urged: "Stop! Invest your money in expansion and innovation." Mr. Leibowitz asserted in his letter, published Jan. 18, that "Google's lobbying expenses had no effect on the care, diligence or analysis of the agency's incredibly hard-working staff or the decisions reached by any of the FTC's five commissioners."Whatever the effect of Google's big-ticket lobbying, regulators deserve much of the blame for companies calculating that lobbying is a good investment. Still, Mr. Leibowitz has a point: Tech executives should think twice before again lobbying government to get involved in their industry.The precedent for the potential antitrust case against Google was the massive prosecution in the 1990s of Microsoft, MSFT +0.14%the giant of the desktop era. Competitors such as Netscape, Oracle ORCL +0.45%and Sun Microsystems lobbied hard to get regulators to bring the case that did end up paralyzing Microsoft.
Getty Images Milton Friedman, a model of prescience regarding tech-industry lobbying.
Friedman was right. The Internet undermined Microsoft's market power years before the litigation ended. Alas, his warning fell on deaf ears—and ironically, it was Microsoft that led the recent lobbying to investigate Google's dominance of the search industry. Microsoft funded lobbyists under names such as FairSearch.org.
The FTC hired outside lawyers to prepare a case, but after a lengthy investigation concluded what was obvious from the start: There was no case against Google's practice of delivering answers as well as just links in its search results. It may harm Google's competitors, but it benefits consumers, whom the antitrust laws are supposed to protect.
Google has a former congresswoman, Susan Molinari, running its Washington office. Facebook FB +2.92%employed 38 lobbyists last year, up from 23 in 2011. Over the past few years, Microsoft, Apple, Google and Intel have all hired former top FTC staffers, spinning the revolving door that fuels the growth of lobbying.
The growth in tech lobbying reflects the eagerness of the Obama administration and its regulators to get involved in the industry. FTC and Justice Department investigations into antitrust cases are just part of the problem. The FTC has also involved itself in the core business operations of the Internet.
Under this broad privacy umbrella, the FTC thus oversees the key revenue stream for several of the largest companies on the Internet. These consent decrees apply for 20 years, an absurd length of time in the fast-changing technology industry. Internet companies staffed up their Washington offices in part to fend off regulations that would undermine the ad-supported services they provide to consumers.
Rather than lobby government to go after one another, Silicon Valley lobbyists should unite to go after overreaching government. Instead of the "suicide impulse" of lobbying for more regulation, Silicon Valley should seek deregulation and a long-overdue freedom to return to its entrepreneurial roots.
A version of this article appeared January 28, 2013, on page A13 in the U.S. edition of The Wall Street Journal, with the headline: Silicon Valley's 'Suicide Impulse'.
I am doing a series on the "Ghosts of Ole Miss broadcast." I enjoyed watching the Ghosts of Ole Miss broadcast on ESPN on 1-27-13 with my mother. She went to Ole Miss in the early 1960's. Also living in Little Rock my wife has relatives that were also present and involved at Central High during the 1957 Little Rock Central High School Crisis. It is amazing that the neighboring states Arkansas and Mississippi both were a part of history like this.
Ole Miss went undefeated in 1962. But that isn't even what many remember that season for.
In 1962, James Meredith made his debut for Ole Miss, becoming the the first African American not only to play at Ole Miss, but to attend Ole Miss.
And he wasn't welcomed with open arms. Instead, he was welcomed with violence and rioting, to the point where President John F. Kennedy had to send backup to campus to put a stop to it.
ESPN's latest 30 for 30 documentary, Ghosts of Ole Miss, explores that emotional season and everything that came with it—the exhilaration that accompanies an undefeated campaign, as well as the turmoil that accompanied the civil rights movement and Meredith's personal journey with the Rebels.
Ghosts of Ole Miss will shed light on a significant time in our country's civil rights history while weaving in a sports story not familiar to most. Fifty years later, the topic resonates with all Americans and we are proud to showcase such an important story as part of the 30 for 30 series.
According to the press release, Ghosts of Ole Miss will include interviews with James Meredith, other players from the legendary 1962 team and students who were present for the rioting.
The timing of the documentary is especially significant right now, in light of the on-the-field struggles Ole Miss is currently facing. During a year in which the SEC is the most formidable conference in college football, the Rebels are far from intimidating at 2-2 in conference play, 5-3 overall.
Still, that is a vast improvement over 2011, when Ole Miss went winless in conference play and 2-10 overall, losing seven straight games to close out the season. The Rebels haven't been decent since a 9-4 season in 2009—and even then, they went 4-4 in SEC games.
This documentary serves dual purposes. It brings to mind the Rebels' only undefeated season in school history, which is the kind of magic Ole Miss fans need to recall right about now, when the team is in the midst of the types of struggles a storied SEC program isn't accustomed to enduring.
But it also brings to mind the fact that football isn't everything, and winning isn't everything. The most exciting, most accomplished season in Ole Miss history has been permanently overshadowed by the dark and devastating social issues that occurred simultaneously.
It's not often that football brings about a life-or-death situation—which it did in 1962, when there were two fatalities in the Ole Miss riot—but this was one of those times. And yet, in the end, an undefeated season—which Meredith was a part of—served as the ultimate victory at the conclusion of a horrible tragedy.
What does Ghosts of Ole Miss teach us? That life doesn't depend on football, but that doesn't mean that football can't heal.
One thing that stands out about Dan Mitchell is that is not a Democrat or a Republican but a lover of freedom like Milton Friedman was. Don't you want to take up for freedom like Dan does? Don't you think we should attempt to grow the private sector more than the public sector? Take a look at this article of his below.
Good fiscal policy requires the private sector to grow faster than the government. That is the crucial goal of the House Republican budget.
Thanks to several years of fiscal restraint during the 1990s, the burden of federal spending dropped to 18.2% of gross domestic product by the time Bill Clinton left office. The federal budget today consumes more than 24% of economic output, a one-third increase since 2001 in the share of the U.S. economy allocated by politics rather than market forces. That makes the Republican House budget, which would reverse this trend, extremely important for the economic health of the country.
Both political parties deserve blame for the spending spree that's put America in a fiscal ditch. President George W. Bush was a big spender and President Obama has compounded the damage with his stimulus spending and other programs.
But the era of bipartisan big government may have come to an end. Largely thanks to Rep. Paul Ryan and the fiscal blueprint he prepared as chairman of the House Budget Committee earlier this year, the GOP has begun climbing back on the wagon of fiscal sobriety and has shown at least some willingness to restrain the growth of government.
The Ryan budget has generated considerable controversy in Washington, and it will become even more of an issue now that Mr. Ryan is Mitt Romney's running mate. So it's an appropriate time to analyze the plan and consider what it would mean for America.
The most important headline about the Ryan budget is that it limits the growth rate of federal spending, with outlays increasing by an average of 3.1% annually over the next 10 years. If spending is left on autopilot, by contrast, it would grow by 4.3% (or nearly 39% faster). If President Obama is re-elected, the burden of spending presumably will climb more rapidly.
This comes as a surprise to many people since the press is filled with stories about the Ryan budget imposing trillions of dollars of "savage" and "draconian" spending cuts. All of these stories, however, are based on Washington's misleading budget process that automatically assumes an ever-expanding government. The 4.3% "base line" increase is the benchmark for measuring "cuts"—even though spending is rising rather than falling, and it's only the rate of spending growth that is being slowed.
Even limiting spending so it grows by 3.1% per year, as Mr. Ryan proposes, quickly leads to less red ink. This is because federal tax revenues are projected by the House Budget Committee to increase 6.6% annually over the next 10 years if the House budget is approved (and this assumes the Bush tax cuts are made permanent). Since revenues would climb more than twice as fast as spending, the deficit would drop to about 1% of gross domestic product by the end of the 10-year budget window.
To balance the budget within 10 years would require that outlays grow by about 2% each year. Spending in the Ryan budget means the federal budget reaches balance in 2040. There are many who would prefer that the deficit come down more quickly, but from a jobs and growth perspective, it isn't the deficit that matters.
Rather, what matters for prosperity and living standards is the degree to which labor and capital are used productively. This is why policy makers should focus on reducing the burden of government spending as a share of GDP—leaving more resources in the private economy.
The simple way of making this happen is to follow what I've been calling the golden rule of good fiscal policy: The private sector should grow faster than the government. This is what happens with the Ryan budget. The Congressional Budget Office expects nominal economic output (before inflation) to grow about 5% each year over the next decade. So if federal spending grows 3.1% annually, the burden of federal spending slowly shrinks as a share of GDP.
According to the House Budget Committee, the federal budget would consume slightly less than 20% of economic output if the Ryan budget remained in place for 10 years. This would be remarkable progress considering that the federal government is now consuming 24% of GDP vs. Mr. Clinton's 18.2% in 2001. If Paul Ryan's policies are social Darwinism, as Mr. Obama and his allies allege, one can only speculate where Bill Clinton ranks in their estimation.
Spending restraint also creates more leeway for good tax policy. Regardless of what you think about deficits, the political reality is that it is difficult to lower tax rates if government borrowing remains at high or rising levels. If deficit spending continues at current levels, then higher tax rates are almost sure to follow. And higher tax rates can't create an environment conducive to more investment and jobs.
The Ryan budget avoids this unpleasant outcome by addressing the problem of excessive government spending. This makes it possible to extend the 2001 and 2003 tax-rate reductions. It also clears the way for other pro-growth reforms, such as Gov. Romney's proposed across-the-board 20% income tax cut, a more competitive 25% corporate tax rate, and less double-taxation of dividends and capital gains.
One of the best features of the Ryan budget is that he reforms the two big health entitlements instead of simply trying to save money. Medicaid gets block-granted to the states, building on the success of welfare reform in the 1990s. And Medicare is modernized by creating a premium-support option for people retiring in 2022 and beyond.
This is much better than the traditional Beltway approach of trying to save money with price controls on health-care providers and means testing on health-care consumers. Price controls are notoriously ineffective—because health-care providers adapt by ordering more tests and procedures—and politically unsustainable due to lobbying pressure. Means testing imposes an indirect penalty on people who save and invest during their working years. That should be a nonstarter for a political party that seeks to encourage productive behavior and discourage dependency.
But good entitlement policy also is a godsend for taxpayers, particularly in the long run. Without reform, the burden of federal spending will jump to 35% of GDP by 2040, compared to 18.75% of output under the Ryan budget.
Assuming the GOP ticket prevails in November, Mitt Romney will make the big decisions on fiscal policy. But there is no escaping the fiscal math. If Mr. Romney intends to keep his no-tax-hike promise, he has to restrain the growth of spending. This doesn't mean he has to go with every detail of the Ryan budget—but it's certainly a good place to start.
Mr. Mitchell is a senior fellow at the Cato Institute.
A version of this article appeared August 16, 2012, on page A11 in the U.S. edition of The Wall Street Journal, with the headline: What's Really in the Ryan Budget.
If you want to check out some of the past posts were atheists have been confronted then check out these links below.
Genesis is filled with Creation myths, myths that appear in one form or another and virtually every culture. Do you want your kid's teacher talking about the myth of "Adam and Eve"? Leviticus is down right scary, but it is a good place to point out the inconsistencies in Bible and how contrary they are to our common life.
The Gospels? Like 5 blind men describing an elephant. What were Matthew, Mark, Luke and John thinking?
I understand how skeptics love to take pot shots at the Bible, but let us take a look at some of the facts.
Archaeologists have unearthed the five porticoes of the pool of Bethesda by the Sheep Gate (John 5:2), the pool of Siloam (9:1-7), Jacob's well at Sychar (4:5), the 'Pavement' (Gabbatha) where Pilate tried Jesus (19:13), and Solomon's porch in the temple precincts (10:22-23)… Since then, discovery of an ossuary (bone-box) of a crucified man named Johanan from first-century Palestine confirms that nails were driven in his ankles, as in Christ's; previously some skeptics thought that the Romans used only ropes to affix the legs of condemned men to their crosses. And less than five years ago, in 1990, the burial grounds of Caiaphas, the Jewish high priest, and his family were uncovered in Jerusalem. These and numerous other details create a favorable impression of the Gospel's trustworthiness in the areas in which they can be tested.
I may fairly claim to have entered on this investigation without prejudice in favor of the conclusion which I shall now seek to justify to the reader. On the contrary, I began with a mind unfavorable to it,… It did not then lie in my line of life to investigate the subject minutely; but more recently I found myself brought into contact with the Book of Acts as an authority for the topography, antiquities and society of Asia Minor. It was gradually borne upon me that in various details the narrative showed marvelous truth.
I wrote the famous atheist Anthony Flew a series of letters during the 1990's and he was kind to answer several of them. I also sent him several cassette tapes and video tapes of Adrian Rogers messages. I will start a new series on this subject and post his responses. Below is a video clip filmed close to end of Dr Flew's life.
Why are we spending more and more on welfare every year? What would the Founding Fathers have to say about this if they were still here today? We will look at that in a little bit.
We need to cut Food Stamp program and not extend it. However, it seems that people tell the taxpayers back home they are going to Washington and cut government spending but once they get up there they just fall in line with everyone else that keeps spending our money. I am glad that at least these 16 brave Senators voted against doing that. I wish we had some more brave Senators and Representatives up there in Washington. Here are the names of those brave senators: Lamar Alexander (TN), John Barrasso (WY), Roy Blunt (MO), Scott Brown (MA), Dan Coats (IN), Susan Collins (ME), Mike Enzi (WY), Chuck Grassley (IA), John Hoeven (ND), Kay Bailey Hutchison (TX), Mike Johanns (NE), Richard Lugar (IN), Jerry Moran (KS), Pat Roberts (KS), Olympia Snowe (ME), and John Thune (SD).
To take from one, because it is thought that his own industry and that of his fathers has acquired too much, in order to spare to others, who, or whose fathers have not exercised equal industry and skill, is to violate arbitrarily the first principle of association, "the guarantee to every one of a free exercise of his industry, and the fruits acquired by it." If the overgrown wealth of an individual be deemed dangerous to the State, the best corrective is the law of equal inheritance to all in equal degree; and the better, as this enforces a law of nature, while extra taxation violates it.
Jefferson pointed out that to take from the rich and give to the poor through government is just wrong. Franklin knew the poor would have a better path upward without government welfare coming their way. Milton Friedman's negative income tax is the best method for doing that and by taking away all welfare programs and letting them go to the churches for charity.
Why did Obama stop the Welfare Reform that Clinton put in?
Over the years I have taken on the Ark Times liberal bloggers over and over and over concerning the issue of abortion. I asked over and over again for one liberal blogger to come forward and tell me when they thought an unborn baby should be protected by our government and finally I got someone to do that. In fact, several stepped forward.
On 1-24-13 I took on the child abuse argument put forth by Ark Times Blogger "Deathbyinches," and the day before I pointed out that because the unborn baby has all the genetic code at the time of conception that they will have for the rest of their life many scientists were pro-life. I have also answered some of the questions that pro-abortion bloggers have asked me such as what should be the punishment for doctors that perform abortions if abortion is outlawed and I also answered questions concerning the movie "The Cider House Rules" and I have discussed the PBS film series "The Abolitionists" and how that relates to this issue of abortion.
Both Elwood and MountainGirl brought up the subject and you both deserve an answer too.
Does a fetus deserve to have a host who's well fed, clothed, fed and has a secure, clean home and sufficient medical care at all stages of the "unborn person's" life regardless of ability to pay?
It seems that humans now fall into two categories: the unborn person, and the born person.
I have asked many times before and continue to wonder: why is there a fanatical obsession with protecting the "unborn" person, but once it is born, an equal obsession by the same people with cutting off all services(food, shelter, heath care, etc.) to provide for a stable and healthy environment for that "born" person to thrive.
There appears to be a much higher premium on the unborn person than the born person.
I might understand this a little better if the people fighting so hard to bring these unwanted unborn persons into the world were fighting equally as hard to provide for their needs once they are born.
A simple answer to Elwood's question is not possible but I can answer it with two comments. I do think they can achieve those things better if the society if more free economically. This would cause more economic growth and we would cut down on poverty. I don't think the government should mandate that everyone has free healthcare. Your answer is more government poverty programs.
The War on Poverty. $15,000,000,000,000 has been spent by the federal and state governments on 122 separate welfare programs since 1964, according to a Cato analysis. The poverty rate in 1964 was 19 percent and falling. Nearly 50 years later, the rate is still more than 15 percent and climbing. What difference, at this point, does trillions in welfare spending make?
In this program, Milton Friedman visits India, the U.S., and Britain, examining the question of equality. He points out that our society traditionally has embraced two kinds of equality: equality before God and equality of opportunity. The first of these implies that human beings enjoy a certain dignity simply because they are members of the human community. The second suggests societies should allow the talents and inclinations of individuals to unfold, free from arbitrary barriers. Both of these concepts of equality are consistent with the goal of personal freedom.
In recent years, there has been growing support for a third type of equality, which Dr. Friedman calls "equality of outcome." This concept of equality assumes that justice demands a more equal distribution of the economic fruits of society. While admitting the good intentions of those supporting the idea of equality of outcome, Dr. Friedman points out that government policies undertaken in support of this objective are inconsistent with the ideal of personal freedom. Advocates of equality of outcome typically argue that consumers must be protected by government from the insensitivities of the free market place.
Dr. Friedman demonstrates that in countries where governments have pursued the goal of equality of outcome, the differences in wealth and well being between the top and the bottom are actually much greater than in countries that have relied on free markets to coordinate economic activity. Indeed, says Dr. Friedman, it is the ordinary citizen who benefits most from the free market system. Dr. Friedman concludes that any society that puts equality ahead of freedom will end up with neither. But the society that puts freedom before equality will end up with both greater freedom and great equality.
Elwood and MountainGirl both argue that an unwanted baby would add a burden to their family. Then why isn't adoption a good alternative?
In an age where we doubt the justice of capital punishment even for very dangerous criminals, killing a fetus who has not done any harm, to avoid a future problem it may pose, seems totally unjust. There are indeed many social problems that could be erased simply by destroying those persons who constitute or cause them, but that is a solution repugnant to the values of society itself. In short, then, if the fetus is a human being, the appeal to its being unwanted justifies no abortions.
If you do think that by voting free healthcare and welfare for everyone then you will end up like Greece. The founding fathers knew this and warned against it. I do think that Milton Friedman makes a very convincing argument that if government stays out of the way then the free market will create the kind of wealth that it did in Europe and the USA for many decades.
The question that pro-abortionists will never answer!!!
I really enjoyed this documentary on Woody Allen from PBS.
Early in PBS' "Woody Allen: A Documentary," a two-part film made with the subject's cooperation, the young comic is seen on a variety of talk shows, doing a falsetto voice on a game show, boxing a real kangaroo and dueting with a talking dog. "Nothing was beneath me," recalls Allen.
Fans may consider Allen one of the most consistent, entertaining filmmakers ever to pick up a camera. Others may have dismissed him as a creep after he married his girlfriend's adopted daughter.
But the Allen in this 3 1/2-hour piece, directed by Robert Weide, is a comic who would once do anything to get to the top, even if it meant getting clobbered by an angry marsupial.
Weide's running theme — as he explores Allen's canon and interviews dozens of big names, including Diane Keaton, ex-wife Louise Lasser, Martin Scorsese and Mira Sorvino — is that Allen is always looking for the meaning of life.
The film suggests that Allen changed tactics after the first film he wrote, "What's New Pussycat?" He was dismayed by the finished product, and vowed to direct — and control — his own work after that. For better or worse, that's exactly what he's done.
Sean Penn talks about being petrified that Allen was going to fire him after his first week on "Sweet and Lowdown." Penn kept his job, and nabbed an Oscar nomination.
Weide, best known as a regular director on "Curb Your Enthusiasm," doesn't sugarcoat the disasters, most notably "Stardust Memories." He even explores Allen's relationship with wife Soon-Yi Previn.
The result is a film that will give Allen fans whole new reasons to gush — and detractors some fresh ammunition.


Remember how much fun it was when cell phones started to get more personalized? You could customize the cover, the ringtone, the wallpaper background. We are going to talk about these ringtones.
What was your first ringtone song? Mine was '03 Bonnie and Clyde by Jay-Z and Beyonce. Different ringtones for different people too. How cool is that? Can we still do that?
I'm about to find out after I write this. How much did the artist get paid for these? What about the producers and the songwriters?
What can be said about ringtones? Or ringBACK tones?! Haha! Remember those?! Oh my gosh, when you called someone, instead of just the plain ol' ring you would hear some random song they chose. Did you have a ring back tone?
What about when the voicemail came on and you heard their message and there was background music playing real low behind their voice. Goodness, all the places you can sneak music in when it comes to phones.
Now your phone is your hub for all the music you listen to. Your phone is the hub for everything in your life. Music is everywhere and why not have it playing while your phone is ringing? It has to alert you somehow. Why not with a groovy tune that makes you happy?!
So actually I just wanted to get a dialog going about all the places we hear music and how much it is in our lives without us even noticing. When we go anywhere, the gym, the grocery store, the bank, there is music and song everywhere.
Elevators, shopping malls, passing cars, cellphone ringtones… LOL. How are we affected by song and music everywhere we go. Are you ever in silence? What about when a song gets stuck in your head?! Geez! Why do songs get stuck in your head? Even if you don't like the song?
Video games, commercials, movies, I have even heard music coming from a washing machine to signal the end of the wash cycle! Birds singing, refrigerator humming, can that be music too? Ball games, doctor's offices, car lots, and gas stations.
Did you know all these places play music to get you to spend more money? When you feel excited you tend to spend more money. The music is put there to excite you.
So, how do we get away from music? We do not. Music is the lifeblood of all humans. We need music. We want it, we love it. It's everywhere and there is no stopping it. I wish there was a way to bottle up all the music in the world and listen to every piece of music ever made.
Okay, so we do have the music streaming platforms that allow for this, mostly. But I mean REALLY absorb every song like a super human robot.
It started with ringtones on your phone…..now your phone holds the entire world of music. Thank you phones. Thank you being a good sport and allowing Shazam to be a thing. Catch it, play it, love it, repeat it 1,000 times and annoying your husband with the song you heard at Bath and Body Works.


text:
/ April 10th
/General Dominique Delawarde
Covid-19 – Update on April 10, 0:00 GMT
by Dominique Delawarde.
Preliminary remarks:
At a time when we talk a lot about the World Health Organization (WHO), the High Authority for Health (HAS), the Scientific Council, Regional Health Agencies, it is good to know how these institutions, who finance them and the role that certain lobbies can have in guiding the recommendations and decisions that can be taken and that directly affect the health of all of us. The question that arises is whether the citizens that we are can, or not, place their trust in these organizations.; if the latter are really independent and if they really serve the good of humanity in general and that of our country in particular.
In 2016, an investigation was conducted by Jutta Pinzler and Tatjana Mischke for the German channel NDR. Because it was of high quality, this report was rebroadcast on April 4, 2017 on the Franco-German channel ARTE. His title: "the WHO in the clutches of the lobbies". This report is appalling and I recommend that the reader watch it from start to finish on the following link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-mL9gX9gws.
This documentary is long (1h30) but edifying for those who really want to know how our world works. Those who are in a hurry can content themselves with the short summary written below:
https://lareleveetlapeste.fr/loms-controle-multinationales-lobbies-pharmaceutiques/?
It is clear that the WHO is today in the hands of those who finance it up to 79%: Anglo-Saxon foundations and pharmaceutical companies. These direct, even dictate recommendations that serve economic interests more than the good of humanity.
What about the French High Health Authorities? Because they most often follow the recommendations of the WHO, themselves dictated by the lobbies, their independence has already been found wanting. In addition, complaints for conflicts or illegal taking of interest against the High Authority for Health have not been lacking.
In October 2018, the Anticor association filed a complaint against X for "illegal taking of interests". She accuses six of the nine members of an expert group of the High Authority for Health (HAS) for having neglected to declare their financial links with pharmaceutical laboratories……
On July 1, 2019, the head of the drug evaluation department Anne d'Andon left her post to join Cemka, a consulting firm responsible for helping manufacturers write their application files to HAS. Several French media, including Le Canard Enchaîné, saw "a huge conflict of interest" in it, without unduly moving the ethics committee.
In addition, the ANSM (National Agency for the Safety of Medicines) was prosecuted in the Mediator case for " negligence", for having delayed suspending the marketing of the Mediator and for having had "links of interest with the Servier group". For the record, the Pick would have killed 2 patients in France. Withdrawn from the market in 000 in Italy and in 1999 in Spain for health risk, this drug was not withdrawn from the market in France until November 2003, 30 (2009 years after Italy and especially after hundreds of additional victims... ..)
This being said, who still wishes to delegate his health to organizations too often corrupted by the money of Big-Pharma. Who will still believe the speeches of Karine Lacombe whose 2016 declaration of interest shows her links with pharmaceutical laboratories? Trust is necessary between the health authority and the patients. It is not decreed, it is deserved
Tips of the day For the mask business, in 30 seconds, laughter included, look at this link which seems very relevant to me:
https://twitter.com/Queenkatunawel/status/1246896113166299138/photo/1
For the sincerity of the Chinese declarations and the malevolent allusions of the Western media with regard to China, do not hesitate to listen to Michel Collon, a Belgian journalist whom I know well through his writings and with whom I have always corresponded with pleasure. He is still very good. 59' video….
https://www.investigaction.net/fr/michel-midi-special-coronavirus-11-un-modele-demanipulation-mediatique/
Update on April 10, 0:00 GMT
Since the start of the epidemic:
209 countries or territories or boats (2) were affected by the virus, for 1 603 073 (+85) reported cases.
95 692 death (+ 7 yesterday); 356 healings (+ 26 yesterday);
1 patients (+ 55 yesterday) undergoing treatment, including 49 in critical condition (+1 yesterday).
To note that:
12 countries or territories are still not affected by the epidemic to date (North Korea, Yemen, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Lesotho, Comoros, Tonga, Solomon, Marshall, Micronesia, Palau, Sao Tome and Principe)
28 countries or territories have had 1 to 10 cases detected since the beginning of the epidemic (19 of them have no deaths, and the other 9 count, in total, only 10 death.)
55 countries or territories have between 11 and 100 cases detected since the beginning of the epidemic for a total of 82 death.
On the 209 countries or territories concerned by the epidemic, 109 have declared of 0 to 5 deaths.....
7 new deaths of the coronavirus (+ 952 compared to the day before) in the single day of April 9. This represents almost twice the losses of East Asia (China, Japan, North Korea, Malaysia) since the start of the epidemic, in just one day.
10 countries declared more than 2 000 death since the start of the epidemic (Italy, Spain, USA, France, China, Iran, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany)
On the 95 deathss recorded worldwide since the start of the epidemic, 85 576 have been in these 10 countries (89,4%) and 83 267 (87%) in Western countries (US, EU, NATO).
6 of 624 deaths yesterday (91,6%) are " US, EU, NATO ". It is this camp that will pay the highest price both in human and economic terms (inevitable recession, possible economic crisis)
At the global level, the indicators of the epidemic have all started to rise again: numbers of new cases, deaths and critical cases. The increase in deaths is, in part, attributable to the declaration, by France, of its Covid-19 deaths in nursing homes for the last two days. The heaviest tolls of yesterday remain those of the USA, France and the United Kingdom, which continue, between them, to record more than half of the new cases detected on the planet (50,3%), more 57% deaths and 38% critical cases. The milestone of 100 deaths will be crossed on April 000.
To put the human tolls of this pandemic into perspective again and again, the World Health Organization (WHO) tells us that, each year, seasonal flu is responsible for 5 million "serious" cases which lead to between 280 and 000 death. Covid-600 has so far only affected 000 million people, including less than 19 serious cases which have resulted in nearly 1,6 deaths.
The situation in Italy is stable. Those of Spain, Germany and Iran are gradually improving.
Let's take it country by country:
For USA, the indicators went back to the increase in the number of new cases and critical cases. The number of daily deaths is expected to approach or even exceed 2 for the rest of the week.
France regained its second place for the scale of the human losses of the only day of yesterday. With 12 deaths, its toll is already almost 210 times heavier than that of China at the end of the epidemic and almost 4 times that of Germany today. She finally seems to have started to increase the number of her tests. She has tested so far three times less than Germany or South Korea per million inhabitants. Results per million inhabitants? Five times more deaths than Germany and forty five times more than Korea.
The strategy of extending testing to as many people as possible has paid off for those who chose it from the start. We had the means to do so with our public veterinary analysis laboratories. Our health authorities and our policies have deliberately chose not to, maybe because a little professor from Marseilles had recommended it and that knowledge and intelligence must remain, in France, a Parisian exclusivity….
For a comparable number of declared cases, Germany cured 2,3 times more patients than France, without its hospital structures ever being overwhelmed. Why ? Because she tested a lot, detected and treated "as soon as possible" without waiting for the patients' condition to deteriorate too heavily.
Why didn't our "knowledgeable" Parisians show a little humility and foresight, by going to get information and take advice from our Chinese and Korean partners? As in May 1940, the unpreparedness, the arrogance, the excess of self-confidence, the incompetence of the elites led us to the disastrous results that we know today.
France is ready hammered Mr. Véran when the fight against Covid-19 began. Everyone was able to realize, day after day, that this mantra was false: "Woe to you, country whose king is a child. Ecclesiastes 10:16
Le UK settled permanently in the top three. The number of patients treated are constantly increasing and will lead, sooner or later, to the saturation of hospital capacities. Tolls of between 800 and 1000 deaths each day should be recorded in the coming days. Note that the number of critical cases has been stuck at 1 for four days, which suggests that there are only 559 intensive care beds in the country and that 1 of these beds are released each day by the death of their occupants. Unpleasant for those who manage to occupy one of these beds……
Spain and Germany record significant declines in new cases and deaths.
Italy experiences a small fever, but the worst is still behind her.
Belgium and the Netherlands record an increase in new cases and deaths. These two countries do not seem to have reached the epidemic peak.
The situation of thein Turkey and Brazil is stable, that of the Switzerland is still deteriorating. These three countries should tomorrow cross the milestone of 1 deaths since the start of the epidemic.
The situation of Canada and Russia deteriorates very gradually. But the number of victims there remains very low for Canada and extremely low for Russia. The human balance sheets of these two states remain very good.
The table below only includes the 55 states or territories that have recorded more than 1500 cases. A balance sheet for Africa has been added to put the scale of the epidemic into perspective.
This table represents more than 98% of the human toll of the pandemic.
Dominique Delawarde
Keywords:coronavirusWHOcovid-19 pandemicspread of the virus
The New World Order, Globalism, and American "Leadership" – RIP
Belgian and Dutch championships: should they be merged?
General Dominique Delawarde
Former Head of Situation-Intelligence-Electronic Warfare at the Joint Operational Planning Staff
United States: Medical profession adopts numerical WHO "diagnosis" code for non-injected people
Pr Christian Perronne: "I am proud to be called a conspirator, it's like a legion of honor! »
International pandemic treaty: WHO meets to impose censorship of 'disinformation'
False positive PCR tests are extremely numerous, despite the opinion of the AFP
Daeliii
April 10 2020 10 19 h min
Why burden "the Parisian environment" with all the evils which are in fact those of a system? This is close to an easy "racism" and which not only serves no purpose, but even more takes the reader away from the essential reflection.
France entered in January 1946 into a system of continual lies since the successive powers, with the partial exception of the Gaullist episode, unceasingly pushed forward a European integration on which the French citizens were never consulted and even less informed of its real purposes and its consequences, purposes and consequence which nevertheless led to the disappearance of our homeland. Never has any party, with the last exception of the UPR, explained to the French the causes or the consequences of the burglary of which they have been the victims for 74 years. To do this, politicians had to be SELECTED for their ability to lie, and these three generations, yes 74 years (!), of liars have led to the current spectacle because individuals selected for their ability to fit into the ignoble systematic can recruit behind them only more liar and incapable at the same time, because everyone knows well that an individual of value cannot envisage flourishing in falsehood. Yes, the hierarchies in France, all of them, and not just Parisians, in all areas, are rotten to the bone because our country had to be forced into this yoke of lies. France could only recover if it could find a way to remove the thick layer of guards that holds it. The rare beings of value, undoubtedly like Professor Raoult, are the miracles, here or there, which have escaped sorting. The exception that confirms the rule.
Answer Daeliii
Thank you, I don't often have the opportunity to read comments or the corresponding articles at the moment, priority to the vegetable garden, I have this chance, thank you Destiny, because I am not rich but lucky. All that to say that I fully share what you say about the system of lies and absolute unconsciousness on which we have been living for 3/4 of a century, with a caveat on the period of post 1945 reconstruction quickly spoiled by colonialism and the stupidity of our overprotected and underdeserving elites.
This collective consent, we rejected it, we, more and more numerous, and sometimes belatedly, but it is coming back to us now. How many sneers are now restrained from exploding on the decrease, the moderation, the slowing down of a consumer madness, this delirium of limitless growth and whatever the price to be paid later (our children and grandchildren we'll manage well), etc…by dint of postponing the necessary consolidated assessments and inventories of our collective renunciations led by our misnamed "responsible people", all it takes is a slippage of some kind for everything to go to shreds.
Has any of these elites ever thought once in their life that the temporal and geographic conjunction of a pandemic with one or more disasters would likely be the beginning of the end of civilized human beings as we understand today? a coronavirus can be amalgamated with a Chernobyl-like hyper-catastrophe, globalized famines followed by riots, the violent generalized extinction of animal or plant species. Of course, they have already thought about it, the problem is that in their deranged minds above ground, this eventuality will no longer concern them and their super-rich fellows, since they will be safe in some prepared and inaccessible earthly paradise. . It's their little hidden doxa based on their fantasies of being "gifted without basic needs".
I am already expecting the worst for the so-called de-confinement which is announced by a nassage, first "soft" and shared with the consent of those already convinced, to absolute social control of our actions and gestures, since "we have nothing to reproach ourselves for". I expect the worst when the overall assessment of this grotesque, calamitous, criminal and fundamentally stupid political crisis management will be done, with all the nauseous fascist prolegomena that will then profit from it. When the bankruptcy of the most inhuman and criminal neoliberalism manages to generate the most foul populist and fascist demagoguery, the 2 opposite faces of the same vision of the human being?
There is a space elsewhere in the de-confinement of the brains!!!
@Daeliii
:《 France entered in January 1946 in a system of continual lies since the successive powers, with the partial exception of the Gaullian episode》.
Do not forget that at the end of the 2nd World War, more precisely the day when especially the Europeans celebrated their victory over the Nazis, massacres were committed on an unarmed and defenseless people. Crime committed while De Gaulles entered Paris.
This crime remained taboo during the rest of colonization and even after independence, unrecognized to this day.
Do not look at the history of France with blinkers. It has never been a long calm river.
Allow me to offer you a reading on https://www.voltairenet.org.
A series of articles has been published by Thierry Meyssan on the recent history of France. You may need to do some research to find them.
I just vacuumed, there are more sheep outside than under my bed, but anyway, you always have to act where you can….
bardamu
74 years old? You are modest. In my opinion, since 1789 we have been lied to in a systemic way. In fact, the lie originated long before, but it had not yet become a system.
endeavourvalhal
This so-called pandemic is just a Psyops…
Moreover, President Belarus denounces this lie, here is a pragmatic and empathetic president towards his citizens.
Capsule: Coronavirus Bizzare Truth Revealed By President of Belarus –> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hwapPS4Z9cs
Enjoy the sun, nature, the beauty of this planet.
You obediently accept your house arrest, which is grotesque and obscene. And this before the forced vaccination, and your Id 2020 –> ID2020 and partners launch program to provide digital ID with vaccines —-> https://www.biometricupdate.com/201909/id2020-and-partners-launch-program-to-provide-digital-id-with-vaccines.
Then the deployment of 5g, full spectrum, will lead to a collapse of the biosphere and the extinction of a large part of humanity, through the mesh of deleterious, carcinogenic radiation...
How will you react?
This planned operation (pandemic simulation 201) is only a PLANDEMIA, and this alleged virus is only a severe flu, the prevalent factor of which is comorbidity (pre-morbidity), and (or) a strongly immune system depressed. As such it is a hoax, since PCR tests are false positives. Since each of us integrates into his organism and his genome integrates nucleotide sequences of coronavirus RNA. You will therefore always test positive.
WAKE UP viruses are, in reality, only EXOSOMES (search on the net…), and do not exist as such. And if there is contamination, it is that it could only have been done through vaccination…
Meanwhile Trump and the Patriots prepare for the final assault.
Soon The World Will Understand, The Truth Will Shock The World – Episode 2143b *—–> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ChyaFhvGB4
Dr. Shiva, a true scientist and a patriot delivers the truth hidden by BigPharma and the plot against humanity. It masterfully confirms what we thought: Dr. Shiva Join The Brigade! What Is The Solution To COVID1984? —> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ7sDJdtTTw
Dr. Scott Jensen delivers the fatal blow to the traitor (dr) Fauci, who will be prosecuted for crimes against humanity, shortly by the Trump administration (Trump a follower of Sun tzu, trapped Fauci. Trump revealed to the world this he was, and controlled him to breaking point). Scamdemic BOMBSHELL – Dr Scott Jensen On Covid 19 Death Count Guidelines & Financial Incentives –> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6A-fAvEEpI
Personally, this situation being grotesque and obscene, I do not submit to the incompetence of the traitors who ignominiously enslave us. I consider Macron and his government to be illegitimate.
on December 5, 2016, Manuel Valls, then Prime Minister, decreed the creation of the General Inspectorate of Justice (decree no. 2016-1675, published in the Official Journal of the French Republic on December 6, 2016), placing the Authority judiciary (all the Magistrates of the Seat) under the direct control of the Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice
François Hollande, President of the Republic constitutionally guarantor of the independence of the Judicial Authority, did not oppose this decree.
on December 5, 2016, Manuel Valls resigned as Prime Minister
on December 6, 2016, the President of the Republic in office, François Hollande, appointed Bernard Cazeneuve as Prime Minister, replacing Manuel Valls.
on December 6, 2016, Messrs. Bertrand Louvel and Jean-Claude Marin, respectively First President of the Court of Cassation and General Prosecutor at the Court of Cassation, wrote to Bernard Cazeneuve, to protest against the violation of the separation of powers committed by Manuel Valls, Prime Minister, and Jean-Jacques Urvoas, Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice.
Decree No. 2016-1675 entered into force on January 1, 2017.
The entry into force of this decree violating the separation of powers, puts an end to the Constitution of October 4, 1958, as defined in article 16 of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of August 26, 1789, referenced in the preamble of the said Constitution ("Any society in which the guarantee of Rights is not assured, nor the separation of powers determined, has no Constitution")
That in the absence of a Constitution, there can be no elections, whatever they may be: presidential on May 7, 2017, legislative (deputies on June 18, 2017, and renewal of half of the Senate on September 24, 2017) , regardless of the candidates in the running.
That, due to the absence of a Constitution, Emmanuel Macron could not be elected President of the Republic on May 7, 2017, that he has usurped a public office since.
The usurpation of a public function falls under article 433-12 of the Penal Code:
"Is punished by three years' imprisonment and a fine of 45 euros the fact, by any person acting without title, of interfering in the exercise of a public function by performing one of the acts reserved for the holder of this function".
"When the government violates the rights of the people, insurrection is, for the people and for each portion of the people, the most sacred of rights and the most indispensable of duties" (Article 35 of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the citizen, and preamble to the Constitution of June 24, 1793).
Given this scathing observation, no longer submit to these iniquitous rules and laws promulgated by minions of the NAME
The insurrection against this ignoble and fascist totalitarian dictatorship is the only response of a Man who wants to be sovereign, to the absolute forfeiture of the traitors who ignominiously enslave us.
Your house arrest is null and void… Because this government no longer has any legitimacy.
Nevertheless, Trump will become one of the greatest American presidents...
That Assange will be transferred, safely to the USA, to testify against Killary and Obama, then he will be released, and celebrated as a servant of humanity.
Putin and Trump have allied themselves for the good of humanity against both the centuries-old Khazarian mafia and the Sabateo-Lucian-Frankist cabal…
No deleterious force will stop this major tectonic shift in the service of humanity...
We are free to build a New PARADIGM.
Yes we have overcome the NAME, and this planetary awakening will be celebrated shortly.
After years of affliction humanity has awakened to free itself from its ignominious bondage...
GOOD WILL ALWAYS OVERCOME DARKNESS...
Nothing will stop the patriots, now, no offense, to the despisers of freedoms and the prescribers of the so-called inalienable rights, who are in the amalgam and the lie...
Answer endeavourvalhal
However, the countries of the Shanghai Agreement remain united in the face of this West in its terminal phase... to put the chickens in the bottom of the cellar, to direct them... rather... to lie to them... so the chickens become their own jailer... in childhood they were burned notre dame, and I thought that the following act would have been a nuclear accident (usa, g, ussr, japan… miss the froggies)… for once, they are doing the girus trick to us to shelter us…. the nuclear accident remains under the hand, from the revolt, ….
Only one solution, say no to any manipulation…. no to the tests,,,, because they would have enough to establish our genes in their data. To say no, to each solicitation of nks fears, to say no to everyone, just to see the power of the word No, educate our children to always say no….for whatever it is. Second key, is to breathe…. breathe….. therefore shut up….
Jean Alexandre Croisile
Let's be very clear...
By adding additional information to General Dominique Delawarde's page, I have no intention of criticizing his work... His thoughts, as well as the links and articles that he regularly submits to his readers, are of a
Now that I believe, in my Soul and Consciousness that the pandemic is a huge masquerade, commits only me.
Here are some thoughts that I think are relevant and not to a lesser extent. It's a bit long, but believe me it's worth it:
A seeker of truth, Franck Renda, has a brilliantly intelligent idea which I salute in passing.
When one dies in this country, the deaths are registered in a register, here is what he discovered..
I invite you to check and or massively share this capital information which once again proves how much we are taken for morons: Here is his message and discoveries.
"I just made a surprising discovery after just doing some research that you can also do on your side.
Those who follow my publications a little (who like me or hate me) know that I never ask to share them.
I especially enjoy myself here by giving my opinion on everything and anything with sometimes a little "nice provocation" and that suits me perfectly.
Despite everything I seek the TRUTH, like the majority of you.
I therefore ask myself a lot of questions about what is happening to us at the moment and until now I was torn between two positions:
– We are really facing a pandemic that will cause millions of victims around the world! And who knows if my loved ones or I will be affected...
– We are facing a huge lie (probably too big to be true). I do not hide from you that my "reason" was slightly swaying on this option. Not being an extremist conspirator, however, I found the timely arrival of this pandemic surprising.
And yes !!! It seems to arrive at the opportune moment for all the Leaders of this World.
I had never seen them so "united" around the same cause.
However, I would like to point out that I scrupulously respect the confinement instructions, as well as my family and all my loved ones.
The search for truth does not, however, exclude caution.
The media tell us that the hospitals are overwhelmed and I believe them because I do not question the word of our Doctors, nurses and nurses.
Every day we are entitled to a count of the number of deaths caused by the Coronavirus.
Something that has never been done before for all other causes of death (diseases, accidents, old age ……).
So we have no means of comparison but just know that every day our country has 2000 deaths for all the causes mentioned above.
Suddenly we find ourselves locked in a general psychosis where each of us believes to be affected by this "cursed virus".
This psychosis takes on a whole new dimension on social networks.
We hear about "hecatombs", of overwhelmed undertakers, of bodies hidden and piled up….in short….
And not to mention some videos that are cold in the back.
But how to check all this?
At the end of the morning, I received a video in pm in which a person turns the pages of the obituary section of a newspaper, wanting to prove to me that we were facing a real pandemic! A carnage!!
And sincerely I thank the person who sent me this video because it is thanks to her that I was able to make the discovery that I will now share with you.
Where can we really "count" the number of deaths?
Even if not everyone does, the vast majority of us publish what is called an "obituary" so that as many people as possible are informed of the loss of a loved one.
So I did some research and I found one of the most important official sites that lists obituaries (this site called libramemoria contains nearly 3 million obituaries).
I therefore became interested in one of the regions most affected by covid-19, namely the Moselle.
And I counted the number of obituaries.
It took me about 2 hours with the lump in my stomach, not knowing what I was going to discover.
Here are the figures below (I had to do it week by week because over a period of 30 days the site only offers the possibility of consulting 20 pages).
For a better analysis, I went back to 2018 because by comparing 2019 to 2020 we could have actually thought of a slight worsening of the situation:
March 1 to 7, 2018 = 219 obituaries
March 8 to 14, 2018: 252 obituaries
March 15 to 21, 2018: 247 obituaries
Total: 955 death notices in March 2018
From March 8 to 14, 2019: 199 obituaries
From March 15 to 21, 2019: 197 obituaries
From March 1 to 7, 2020 = 183 obituaries
These figures can be verified on the link libramemoria.com
You can therefore see that in one of the departments supposedly most affected by covid-19, the number of deaths remains relatively stable.
It is even down by around 15% compared to 2018 over the same period.
Pandemic you say????!!!
Hecatomb you say again ???!!!
So what can be concluded as objectively as possible without questioning the sincerity of the hospital staff?
We are facing such a psychosis and we are so afraid of contracting the virus that there is no harm in understanding that the emergency services are overcrowded.
They are for less than that in "normal times".
We have been going to the emergency room for years for the slightest ailment and for years we have heard that these services are overwhelmed!!
This psychosis was orchestrated by our Leaders with a master hand because they succeeded in a few days in silencing all the claims of the people.
What a masterful poker move!!!!!!
And after this period of "confinement" followed by a period of "déconfinement", the world will have changed.
We will be so happy to have escaped the "greatest pandemic in 1 century", that we return to work without flinching.
And at the end of all this they will still come out victorious because they will tell us that "the worst has been avoided" thanks to the lockdown (among other things) and all the other decisions made during this period.
The difference between BEFORE and AFTER covid-19?
We will have less freedom AFTER while being happier than BEFORE, because we are convinced that we have escaped the worst!!
What more !!!!
The only positive conclusion that I can highlight is that thanks to this confinement our beautiful planet is breathing a little and our priorities are refocusing on the essentials.
I do not deny the existence of this virus either, but I very much doubt its intensity.
I have no solution to oppose what seems to me to be a huge planetary lie so I remain confined, waiting for the order to "get out".
In any case, all of this is a very strong sign for each of us.
We are indeed living in a time that will see great changes.
A sign, no doubt, of the end of this system.
Thanks for reading and sorry for the long message.
Do what you want….
Answer Jean Alexandre Croisile
This is what is happening in Italy.
Apart from Lombardy (60% of Italian deaths) which has shown itself to be irresponsible in terms of health and pays for years of dismantling of the public health service while having favored the private sector and which very quickly found itself unable to cope among its patients, leaving them to die at home for lack of being able to "treat" them in a hospital environment, in the other regions the deaths from coronavirus follow the curve of annual deaths from diseases of the respiratory tract, for which italy unfortunately has the privilege of being in the lead at European level.
Themistocles
Answer colin
On Lombardy, the under-equipment is marginal. Read some important information below:
https://www.egaliteetreconciliation.fr/Covid-19-la-vaccination-massive-explique-t-elle-le-taux-de-mortalite-en-Italie-58780.html#forum2423515
This is not a crisis affecting Italy as a whole, nor even Northern Italy which accounts for 3/4 of the victims. The epicenter of the Italian epidemic is more precisely in Lombardy
Last January, Lombardy was the scene of a major vaccination campaign against meningococci. Following a mini-epidemic of bacterial meningitis that impacted … 6 people (with 2 deaths), the regional authorities have indeed decided to vaccinate the population massively and free of charge.
Within weeks, more than 33.000 people received the vaccine.
(…) The vaccination campaign was already underway in the fall of 2019!
This detail is essential because it was also in autumn that a strange epidemic of bizarre pneumonia appeared in Lombardy requiring special radiological examinations. (…)
How is it that this sensational news has not yet made the buzz in all the newsrooms of the globe?
What is very important to verify is whether there is a link between vaccination and the multiplication of atypical pneumonia in Italy.
gunsburg
@jeans Alexandre Croisile
It is true that to find the truth you have to dig and take the time to dig, unlike the media and journalistic-scientific personnel who flood us with figures that are ultimately uncontrollable but perfectly smoothed by their sponsors!
Thank you for this research!
Delawarde Dominica
Jean-Alexandre Croisille
You are right. It is necessary to seek to compare the data concerning the deaths with those of a normal year.
INSEE has done this work and has exceptionally just published the results for all French departments for the period January 1 – March 31. (except one department: Bouches du Rhône)
At the national level, there was no noticeable difference with the two previous winters. At the regional level, excess mortality in March in certain regions (Grand Est), offset by under-mortality in others.
We will have to wait until the end of the year to know if the epidemic will have had any effect. Indeed, the current excess mortality is, in many cases, a slight anticipation of certain deaths that should have occurred this year. Those who die today will not die tomorrow.
This crisis, as I have already written, will have negligible consequences, if not zero, in terms of human losses. On the other hand, it will have considerable economic and social consequences for Western countries.
Their decline, which has been ongoing for several years, is likely to accelerate and give Eurasia and the SCO the controls of a multipolar world.
Dominique DELABARRE
Answer Delawarde Dominica
Good evening Mr. Delawarde
On the last part of your answer I agree "This crisis, as I have already written, will have negligible consequences, even zero, in terms of human losses. »
The problem is that the treatment has been known for "ages" and no one wanted to apply it except the Chinese. Afterwards we will accuse you, accuse us, of being wrong.
Damn, it's been two months that we know what to do! And I'm not referring exclusively to hydroxychloroquine, because there are a plethora of treatments, including one in particular this one.
As for your second declension, I share it entirely, since it was, in my opinion, the will of the bank. I say this, because in Russia, a few years ago, I don't know, but about 5 years ago, several specialists advised to invest for the long term in gold. However, since you have known the information, you must know that those of the Russians are not too bad.
Sincerely yours and thank you for your work even if it gets in the way and you carry a bad gene. 🙂
CH B
A doctor to whom the radio asks his opinion on de-confinement refers to political decisions. Oh good. We ask him his opinion on the opportunity for any citizen to wear a mask in the street, same answer??? His experience and professional skills no longer allow him, on April 10, 2020, to talk about hygiene against a virus!
It is therefore SEMJupiter, so little legitimate at the polls, who decides alone
> to repress family outings and at the same time to subject employees to the dictatorship of the boss over elementary security (and until then legal), who decides alone
> to ban masks and soon to make them compulsory, who decides alone
> who has the right to say what (and to spread what fake news depending on the circumstances), who decides alone
> which hospital services are going to hang around for a whole month (or two?) and stop caring for their patients (by the hundreds, emptied in anticipation of a peak), who decides alone
> to concoct its gratin of experts in covid and to listen to them halfway, who decides alone
> to imprison millions of people in a moral and physical prison without speaking rooms, which alone decides
> the life and death of thousands of patients; who decides alone
> to distribute billions (our taxes, our social contributions) to labs, multinationals and a few SMEs, which decides alone
> everything, to offer 65 million bewildered people a sample of the dictatorship in action.
And, yes, it works, because it's his project.
Charles André Legrand
Why seek explanations in the history of France? The case of Didier Raoult is as clear as it is edifying: the INSERM label was refused to his hospital by the director of this INSERM (surname Lévy and in a relationship with Agnès Buzin (note in passing the conflict of interest). This director was replaced by another surname: Bloch. Faced with this refusal, Didier Raoult made his work known in order to raise the awareness of attending physicians (different from the bureaucrats of the medical administration who generate the mandatory protocols, in defiance of the Hippocratic oath , which they declared outdated). soul and conscience. Looking for explanations in the history of France is a bit of hiding the fact that we live in a deadly dictatorship without soul or conscience. A little common sense is enough to conclude that a drug that cures is to consider, especially in the current emergency. For those who have sold their souls, it's another problem, no matter what date to refer to, the ethical decision is still relevant, here and now. Everyone is responsible for their actions.
http://charlesandrelegrand.over-blog.com
Video explaining how to research and discover financial links with pharmaceutical companies
https://www.transparence.sante.gouv.fr/flow/main;jsessionid=B9B253AAB48517EB44F10235073B0644?execution=e1s1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W590xSseB5c
Post your research on doubtful cases starting with Lacombe