Erich Bergen will be performing on March 24 and 25 at Lynn University in Boca Raton.
The 32-year-old actor may be best known for his role as Blake Moran on the hit CBS series "Madam Secretary," but he's equally comfortable on the stage. He toured with "Jersey Boys" as keyboardist and composer Bob Gaudio and was later cast in the role for Clint Eastwood's big screen adaptation.
He'll be singing selections from "Jersey Boys," backed up by a seven-piece band led by "American Idol" music supervisor Michael Orland, as well as songs by Peter Allen, Elton John, Billy Joel, Barry Manilow and others who inspired his career.
It's difficult to squeeze in these gigs given his hectic filming schedule.
Fortunately, Bergen has a challenging role as the personal assistant to Tea Leoni's Secretary of State Elizabeth McCord. Last season, Blake revealed that he was bisexual.
"When I first took on the role, I was under the impression that Blake was gay. Blake plays his entire life very close to the vest and even before the bisexual outing, he just didn't discuss his personal life at work," Bergen said.
He noted that Hollywood more commonly portrays women as bisexual.
"We never see that on television with men…we don't think about bisexuality in women as a threat or as anything substantial—at least men don't—which is its own bag of issues. There was something interesting to me about being about to do this," he elaborated.
In the meantime, he's content to be in the cast of the critically-acclaimed show and keeping his eyes open for the next opportunity to squeeze in more performances on stage.
Erich Bergen performs on the Lynn University Live at Lynn Series, Saturday, March 24 at 7:30 p.m. and Sunday, March 25 at 4 p.m. in Boca Raton. Tickets start at $50 at Lynn.edu/events.


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text:
Jeremy Bloom adapts, directs timeless tale
Christina Hennessy, Staff Writer
When he was a little boy, Jeremy Bloom got one of his first tastes of performing on stage by playing a Munchkin in a production of "The Wizard of Oz."
"One of the quintessential roles," of an up-and-coming actor, he said while laughing during a recent interview.
That, and other early experiences, cinched the 24-year-old`s belief that a life in theater was where he wanted to be.
"Intrinsically, I guess, I was led to it," the Stamford native, who is pictured on the cover, said.
As he got older, he continued to perform, participating in productions with the Summer Theater of New Canaan, Curtain Call Inc.`s children`s programs and, later, in the drama program at Stamford High School.
After his high school graduation in 2003, Bloom headed off to Northwestern University in Evanston, Ill., to study English and performance studies, having already attended a summer program there during his junior year. He graduated in 2007 and moved to New York City. There, he has since worked on about a dozen productions, including the opera "Lucia di Lammermoor," that opened the Metropolitan Opera`s 2007-08 season, directed by his former professor and the Tony Award-winning Mary Zimmerman, whom he considers a mentor.
He also has directed and written several award-winning plays including "The Wendy Complex," a story about a skydiver`s quest to set a record for the longest and fastest free fall that also draws on the themes from J.M. Barrie`s timeless tale of Peter Pan.
Bloom has returned to Barrie`s work in his latest production, "Peter--Wendy," which has a four-day run beginning Thursday at Walkerspace in New York City. Tickets are $20; $10 before Wednesday.
"I wrote and adapted it from original text pieced together from different sections of J.M. Barrie`s novels," Bloom said.
In particular, he used Barrie`s "Peter and Wendy," first published in 1911, as well as the 1902 "The Little White Bird."
"It is some of the most charming prose I had read and I thought it deserved some stage time, too," he said.
In Bloom`s hand, the story features a cast of performers, donned in pajamas, featuring some of the familiar characters, such as Wendy Darling, Hook, the Lost Boys, Tiger Lily, Tinkerbell and others. However, the kind of "squeaky clean," and "cartoony" quality of some of the previous adaptations are replaced by an exploration of some of the darker themes of Barrie`s original work. Yet, Bloom said it is still fun and whimsical.
For instance, he explores Wendy`s decision to leave the comforts of her home, throwing caution to the wind as she departs through her window to fly through the night to Neverland and the adventures that await; only to ultimately desire a return to her "real" life, one in which she will grow older.
With a minimal set design, the story takes center stage for this production, with the score provided by the band, "The Books."
Ironically, for all the work and the very adult business of staging a production, Bloom said the experience has felt "like total play time."
Bloom`s work has come to reflect the very characters he has explored these last several years. The ability to tell stories and entertain those gathered in a darkened theater, or room, is an ageless appreciation.
And in a way, Bloom said, the power of storytelling has a weighty and important role in a person`s life.
"I think it is practice for how we live our lives," he said. And when one thinks of the prevalence of parables and other moral tales, as well as legends and lore, it seems clear people use tales to teach one another about the experience of being human.
"When I was very, very little, I remember playing out stories with my brother," he said, noting that such child`s play was perfect preparation for his life`s work.
Since he was young, he said he has enjoyed strong support from his parents and members of his extended family. He said his parents still live in the North Stamford neighborhood in which he grew up, and plan to be at one of the shows. His grandmother also lives in town and he hopes she might be able to make it at, as well.
"I feel like everything is culminating," with this production, he said. But "then again everything I ever work on, I love."
"Peter--Wendy," will run from Thursday to Nov. 8, with an 8 p.m. performance on Thursday; 8 and 10 p.m. performances on Friday; and 3 and 8 p.m. performances on Saturday and Nov. 8; at Walkerspace, 46 Walker St., New York, N.Y. Tickets are $10 in advance of Wednesday; $20 thereafter and at the door. For more information or to purchase tickets, visit www.brownpapertickets.com or www.peterwendynyc.com, or call 513.919.2248./Staff photographer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
McInnes Wilson Lawyers
McInnes Wilson Lawyers has been selected as an Employer of Choice in The Australian Business Awards 2020. The Australian Business Award for Employer of Choice [EOC] recognises organisations that develop workplaces that maximise the full potential of their workforce through established policies and practices which demonstrate effective employee recruitment, engagement and retention.
McInnes Wilson Lawyers is a national mid-tier law firm and is ranked among the top 100 privately owned companies in Queensland. Established in 1975, the firm has grown to a practice of 40 principals and over 300 staff situated in eight office locations including Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, Canberra, Adelaide, Southport, Maroochydore and Parramatta.
Unlike many of its competitors, the firm operates as a private company. The shareholders of the firm are current full-time staff members, known as Equity Principals. Currently, the firm has 23 Equity Principals across a number of teams and practice areas. This unique structure allows the firm to reward high-achieving staff at a greater level than other firms in the legal industry.
McInnes Wilson Lawyers is characterised by a culture which encourages every employee to proactively be part of the learning organisation it has become over the last decade. The firm stimulates high performance, personal and professional accountability and internal and external collaboration to ensure continued growth, development and success. Employees are encouraged to display continued loyalty, integrity and innovation.
McInnes Wilson Lawyers sets the conditions for every employee to have a healthy, mutually supportive work life balance. Good performance is rewarded within the firm and occurrences of lesser performance are transformed into a learning experience to assist employees in achieving their full potential.
McInnes Wilson Lawyers appreciates every employee has personal career aspirations. The firm's culture supports personal career requirements where some employees see their current role as a steppingstone to future their careers and other employees may see their current role as a key to support their personal life.
McInnes Wilson Lawyers supports the development of its people at all levels and offers various training and education programs. These programs are designed to ensure employees reach their full potential and are able to assist the firm in meeting its vision, values and strategic objectives.


text:
Original Wobbly
Steve Thornton November 7, 2015 March 29, 2020 Anti war, Hartford
Pierce and family
I met the daughter of Pierce T. Wetter in August. Pierce was an original Wobbly. He was arrested in 1917 in a nationwide roundup of more than one hundred IWW activists for opposing the U.S. entry into the first World War. He and many others were imprisoned; Pierce served five years in the Cook County Jail in Chicago and the Leavenworth, Kansas Penitentiary. His brother Telfair ran the Baltimore office of the IWW during this period.
As soon as I mentioned her father, Pierce's daughter launched into The Internationale: "Arise you prisoners of starvation / Arise you wretched of the earth / For justice thunders condemnation / There's a better world in birth!"
Her dad taught her the song. This was the first time she had sung it since she was a young girl. Now, living in a Hartford-area retirement community, she began to remember more. She knew he wrote an article on behalf of those still imprisoned. "It's in Joyce Kornbluh's book [Rebel Voices]," she recalled.
Pierce led an amazing life, before and after his five-year act of conscience. Besides being a Wobbly, he was a Quaker and a pacifist. He was born on April 4, 1895 in Madagascar, the son of the American consul. He and his siblings were raised in Georgia and Ohio, mostly by his aunt. His daughter remembers that Pierce was effectively abandoned at 12 years old, and with his brother they tramped around the country. He eventually inherited some family property. Pierce could trace his ancestry back to a member of the Revolutionary War Continental Congress and President Franklin Pierce.
IWW organizing pamphlet for miners.
In 1916, Pierce was an officer of the IWW's Coal Miners Industrial Union in Great Falls, Montana. He wrote to Bill Haywood of the workers' enthusiasm for "sabotage" as a tactic in their organizing campaign, but Big Bill did not approve, writing back that "there is nothing the enemy would like better" than to publicize the tactic. The letter was used against Pierce at his trial.
The federal government simultaneously raided sixty-four IWW offices in September, 1917, arresting Pierce and many of the union's most well-known leaders. The charges included interfering with the war effort and violating the Espionage Act. Their trial began on April 1, 1918. He and 114 other Wobblies were charged with one hundred separate crimes each– over 10,000 criminal acts.
Historian Melvyn Dubofsky writes in his history of the Wobblies: "The Justice Department was indeed fortunate that public hysteria had convicted the Wobblies before the jury heard the prosecution's evidence, for the prosecution, in fact, had no evidence." Pierce served his full five years; some of the defendants received twenty-year sentences.
Well-worn pamphlet on the trial of 100 Wobblies including Pierce Wetter.
Immediately after he was released from prison in 1922, Pierce was threatened with deportation by the federal Immigration authorities. He was charged with being an illegal alien, even though the government had his citizenship records on file. With the help of the ACLU, Pierce was able to stay in the U.S. A Kansas newspaper called the government's attempt "a legal kidnapping."
After Leavenworth , Pierce continued to fight for the remaining Wobblies in prison. He wrote "Men I Left at Leavenworth," a passionate plea for their release that focused on the personal stories of a number of the inmates. His article emphasized that they were jailed for their beliefs and nothing more.
"War hysteria prevented a fair trial," he told a group of colleges students after his release. "When newspapers like the Chicago Tribune advocated that we should be shot without trial, when ten tons of [our trial defense] material was held up at the Post Office, when funds for the defense were not permitted to reach us, the handicap was too great." With a sense of humor that must have helped keep him sane in prison, he added: "I was rather fortunate when Judge Landis parceled out the sentences, for I only got only five years, though I don't know why."
Wobblies swept up in the 1917 raids
In 1923 Pierce worked to organize a massive IWW mobilization at Port Arthur, Texas. The union had announced its intention of organizing longshoremen and sailors there. Wobbly James Holland and two other unidentified fellow workers were murdered after being arrested by police and turned over to the Ku Klux Klan. The New York Times wrote that "The plan, according to Wetter, is to 'overrun the town with jobless I.W.W.s and thus create a problem for local authorities. At the same time, resolutions of protest will be forwarded to the Mayor.' "
Pierce had moved to Brooklyn by 1923 and studied to become a mechanical engineer. He and his family lived on Washington Square in Manhattan with Robertson Trowbridge (who had adopted Pierce at a late age). There he continued to "fight the power," challenging Robert Moses, the controversial "master builder" of New York City.
Moses wielded great power that he used to build highways and parks, willfully ignoring the consequences to residents and their neighborhoods. (He was also the reason the Dodgers left Brooklyn). When Moses wanted to put an encircling double roadway around Washington Square in 1939, Pierce organized community opposition to successfully stop the plan.
He faced Moses again in 1942 when the power broker planned to eliminate a waterfront complex in the Battery Park section of Manhattan. Before Ellis Island opened, Fort Clinton had been the first stopping point for eight million immigrant families coming to America. Moses cared little about that kind of history and began demolition. Pierce led a campaign to halt its total destruction, saving the immigrant building.
Draft registration card. Note place of employment on line 18.
Pierce felt the rage of Moses when the mogul used red baiting and ad hominem attacks against the activist during this fight. Moses, referring to the activist's IWW membership, publicly called Pierce "one of a gang of thugs and saboteurs who interfered with the military and civil works of the United State government during the World War." Pierce Wetter "did not have a single characteristic of a Quaker," Moses sputtered, and he deserved "a good public sock in the jaw." Fort Clinton is now a national monument.
Pierce Wetter was pardoned of the 1918 charges by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933. He died on May 10,1963. He was 68 years old.
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This is a dispute over the ownership of improved property at 8 Harding Avenue in Malden (the "Property"). Both the plaintiff, Joseph M. Soscia, and the defendant, DCB Welding and Fabrication, Inc. ("DCB Welding"), claim title to the Property. The plaintiff asserts his title to the Property through a deed from his father, Joseph Soscia ("Soscia Sr."). Although the deed from his father was never recorded, plaintiff contends that his acceptance is implied by his conduct. Conversely, DCB Welding argues that the plaintiff never accepted the deed out of fear of liability for potential contamination on the Property and sought to exercise the benefits of ownership without being willing to accept the liabilities that went along with ownership. DCB Welding claims title to the Property by virtue of a subsequent deed from Soscia Sr. that was recorded with the registry of deeds.
The plaintiff commenced this action on July 9, 2015 and also sought a temporary restraining order, or in the alternative, a preliminary injunction, as well as an ex parte motion for endorsement of a memorandum of lis pendens. The court (Foster, J.) allowed the plaintiff's motion for temporary restraining order and ex parte motion for endorsement of memorandum of lis pendens, restraining DCB Welding from conveying, mortgaging, or otherwise transferring or encumbering title to the Property. A hearing on plaintiff's motion for a preliminary injunction was held on July 21, 2015, and the court (Speicher, J.) allowed the motion in part, enjoining any transfer or encumbrance of the Property, but permitting DCB Welding to continue to occupy the Property. On August 3, 2015, DCB Welding filed its answer and counterclaim for 1) breach of lease and 2) unjust enrichment. A pre-trial conference was held on November 24, 2015, at which the court dismissed DCB Welding's counterclaim without prejudice for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. A trial was held on March 3, 2016. Upon receipt of the parties' post-trial submissions on May 2, 2016 and May 10, 2016, this matter was taken under advisement.
10. I do not credit Attorney Farese's testimony that the plaintiff rejected the deed because of his concern about contamination of the Property, or for any other reason. There was no competent evidence that the Property was contaminated or that the plaintiff believed it to be contaminated. The plaintiff denied knowledge of any information that the Property was contaminated, and Attorney Farese's testimony as to his conversations with the plaintiff on this subject was equivocal. Although Attorney Farese drew his own conclusion that the plaintiff did not accept the deed, and that the reason was fear of liability concerning contamination, he never testified that he actually told the plaintiff about any contamination on the Property or that the plaintiff had any knowledge that the Property was contaminated. [Note 12] I do not draw the same conclusion. I do not credit Attorney Farese's suggestion that the plaintiff knew about or believed the Property to be contaminated. I find that the plaintiff was not informed that the Property was contaminated, he did not believe it to be contaminated, and he did not act on the basis of any such information.
15. After signing the Lease, the plaintiff began work on repairs and improvements to the Property necessary for the commencement of occupancy by DCB Welding. The repairs performed either by the plaintiff or by contractors hired by the plaintiff included electrical work, plumbing, installation of new bathroom fixtures, repair of the roof, installation of a new heater, painting of the interior of the building, levelling of the interior flooring necessary to DCB Welding's welding and fabrication business, demolition of basement walls to create an open floor plan, cleaning of gutters and replacement of downspouts, and work on the fire alarm system. In connection with work performed on the property, the plaintiff hired and paid several professionals, including an electrician, a plumber, painter, mason, and an architect. He also communicated with the building inspector for the City of Malden (the "City").
17. He used his mother's address in Revere as his local address in matters related to the Property.
The ultimate dispute in this case turns on whether there was a delivery of the Soscia Deed to the plaintiff and whether the plaintiff accepted the deed either expressly, or implicitly, based on his conduct. In order to effect a conveyance of property, a deed must be delivered by the grantor and accepted by the grantee. Juchno v. Toton, 338 Mass. 309 , 311 (1959). Delivery and acceptance can be made by the parties themselves or their attorneys acting on their behalf. Trial v. Rodrigues, 3 LCR 232 , 233 (1995). "Delivery of a deed is essential to its validity and the deed becomes effective only at the time of its delivery." Town of Lexington v. Ryder, 296 Mass. 566 , 568 (1937). "The factors essential to delivery are that the grantor intended the deed to effect a present transfer of the property and that the grantee by his conduct assent to the conveyance. Whether there has been a delivery of a deed is ordinarily a question of fact." Frankowich v. Szcuka, 321 Mass. 75 , 77 (1947) (internal citations omitted); Washington Mutual Bank v. American Home Mortgage Servicing, Inc., 88 Mass. App. Ct. 1114 (2015). Particularly important here, "it is settled that 'manual delivery of a recorded deed is not required to work a transfer, and that acts of the grantee when coupled with a purpose of the grantor to treat the deed as delivered are sufficient to pass the title.'" Bianco v. Lay, 313 Mass. 444 , 448 (1943), quoting Sullivan v. Hudgins, 303 Mass. 442 , 446 (1939). The date on a deed is prima facie evidence of the date of delivery. Graves v. Hutchinson, 39 Mass. App. Ct. 634 , 639-640 (1996). Delivery of a deed is only complete upon acceptance by the grantee. Hawkes v. Pike, 105 Mass. 560 , 562 (1870). Acceptance can be actual or "may be implied from the grantee's conduct. . . . But there can be acceptance by conduct only if the grantee had knowledge of the conveyance at the time he acted." Juchno v. Toton, supra, 338 Mass. at 311.
Here, it is clear, and I so find, that Soscia Sr. intended to convey the Property to the plaintiff and this intention was communicated to the plaintiff, who understood that he was to receive delivery of the Soscia Deed. Attorney Farese and Ms. Feudo both testified that Soscia Sr. directed Farese's firm to draw up a deed conveying the Property to his son, the plaintiff, as grantee. At trial, the plaintiff testified that his father had expressed a desire to leave the Property to him as repayment for working on the Property as well as to help support his family financially. At the direction of Soscia Sr., Farese's firm prepared the Soscia Deed and trustee certificate, which were then signed by Soscia Sr. and sent back to Farese with instructions to hold the deed for the plaintiff until the plaintiff contacted Farese. There is no dispute that the plaintiff contacted Attorney Farese and that Attorney Farese informed the plaintiff that the deed was available for his benefit. This constituted an attempted delivery of the Soscia Deed. The next question to be answered is whether the delivery of the deed was completed by acceptance by the plaintiff.
There was contradictory evidence presented regarding conversations that took place between the plaintiff and Attorney Farese following the delivery of the Soscia Deed. The parties agree that the plaintiff asked Attorney Farese and Ms. Feudo not to record the deed, but disagree as to whether this was a rejection of the attempted delivery of the deed, or simply an instruction to hold the deed before recording while the plaintiff determined how he wanted to take title. I find and rule that the plaintiff's discussions with Attorney Farese and Ms. Feudo did not constitute a rejection of delivery of the deed, and that his subsequent conduct sufficiently demonstrated his acceptance of the delivery of the deed so as to complete the conveyance of the Property to him.
In characterizing the plaintiff's instructions to Attorney Farese and Ms. Feudo not to record the deed, DCB Welding misconstrues the import of an instruction not to record. It is true that recording alone does not constitute acceptance of a deed. See Barnes v. Barnes, 161 Mass. 381 , 383 (1894) (recording of deed by one who was not agent of grantee, where grantee had no knowledge of the attempted conveyance, did not effect a conveyance of property); see also, Hawkes v. Pike, supra, 150 Mass. at 563 . However, the converse, that there can be no conveyance without recording, is not true. A lengthy delay in the recording of a deed will not negatively affect the effectiveness of a conveyance. Graves v Hutchinson, supra, 39 Mass. App. Ct. at 640-641. Similarly, a conveyance remains effective as between the parties to the conveyance and as to those with knowledge of the conveyance, even without recording the deed in the registry of deeds. "Recording of [a] deed [is] not required to complete [a] conveyance. The deed, being duly executed and delivered, [is] 'sufficient, without any other act or ceremony, to convey [the property].'" Solans v. McMenimen, 80 Mass. App. Ct. 178 , 181 (2011), quoting G. L. c. 183, § 1. "It is well settled that a deed duly signed, sealed and delivered is sufficient as between the original parties to it to transfer the whole title of the grantor to the grantee, although the instrument is not acknowledged or recorded." Cooper v. Monroe, 237 Mass. 192 , 198 (1921). "The recording statute, G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 183, § 4, does not affect the validity upon delivery of an unrecorded deed as between the parties to it or as to persons with notice." Aronian v. Asadoorian, 315 Mass. 274 , 276 (1943) (emphasis added).
The plaintiff's conduct, following his conversations with Attorney Farese and Ms. Feudo, evinced his acceptance of the deed. At the time of this conduct, he had actual knowledge, through conversations with either Soscia Sr., his stepmother, or Attorney Farese's office, that Soscia Sr. had executed the Soscia Deed on September 16, 2014 and that Farese had been instructed to deliver it to him. The plaintiff's conduct was consistent with his acceptance of the delivery of the deed. He advertised the Property for lease on Craigslist and spoke to realtors. He negotiated and entered into a lease with Bartholomew for lease of the Property by DCB Welding. Throughout the course of these negotiations, the plaintiff held himself out to be the owner of the Property and Bartholomew testified that she believed the plaintiff to be the owner. Eventually, the negotiations led to an agreement for use of the Property and the Lease was signed on October 25, 2014. After signing the Lease, the plaintiff invested his own funds and with Bartholomew's permission used DCB Welding's deposit to make repairs and improvements to the Property and to generally prepare it for occupancy by DCB Welding as his tenant. He insured the Property with due regard to the particular use to which it was to be put by his intended lessee.
After DCB Welding informed the plaintiff that it would not accept occupancy of the Property, the plaintiff, still acting as one who believed he was the owner of the Property, again posted an advertisement on Craigslist to find a new tenant to lease the Property. He ultimately negotiated a Second Lease with Rodriguez of EastBay Metal, LLC. As with Bartholomew, the plaintiff held himself out as the owner, and Rodriguez testified that he understood the plaintiff to be the owner of the Property. Both the Lease and Second Lease list the plaintiff as the landlord. The plaintiff's continued work to fit out the Property for his new tenant ceased only when he was locked out by DCB Welding. The plaintiff's conduct, including without limitation the execution of the Lease with DCB Welding and the plaintiff's investment in the repair and improvement of the Property, sufficiently evinced and accomplished the acceptance of the delivery of the Soscia Deed. See, Juchno v. Toton, supra.
DCB Welding attempts to use the fact that the plaintiff signed his name without his middle initial on several legal documents (the Lease, Second Lease, building permit application, and application for property insurance) as evidence that he denied and failed to accept ownership of the Property. Because the plaintiff's name and his father's name were both "Joseph Soscia", DCB Welding maintains that the plaintiff dropped the middle initial "M" in a deliberate attempt to conceal or obscure the true ownership of the Property and maintain his ability to disclaim liability in the event contamination was discovered on the Property. Further, DCB Welding argues that the plaintiff's use of his mother's address in Revere in the Lease, the same address his father had noted in the original deed for the Property, is further evidence of his intention to disclaim ownership.
I decline to reach the conclusion argued by DCB Welding. The suggestion that there was some illicit motive in the failure of the plaintiff to use his middle initial and in his use of his mother's address is undercut by my finding that he had no knowledge of or any reason to know of any actual or alleged contamination on the Property. I further decline to ascribe such a motive to the plaintiff's failure to use his middle initial and his use of his mother's Revere address, because on all the evidence I accept as truthful his testimony that his failure to use his middle initial was not with any such intent, and that his use of his mother's address was for the convenience of being able to use a local address.
Aside from DCB Welding's speculative accusations, which I do not accept or credit, there is nothing in the record to support the argument that the plaintiff acted in any way other than as the true owner of the Property. The record before me demonstrates that there was a valid conveyance from Soscia Sr. to the plaintiff. Further, I find that, although the Soscia Deed was not recorded prior to the subsequent conveyance to DCB Welding, the conveyance from Soscia Sr. to the plaintiff was binding and effective so as to convey title not only as between Soscia Sr. and the plaintiff, but so as to preclude DCB Welding from receiving title to the Property. This is because I find that DCB Welding accepted delivery of its deed with actual knowledge of the earlier, unrecorded conveyance to the plaintiff. Bartholomew, the president of DCB Welding, in negotiating with the plaintiff, understood him to be the owner of the Property. Moreover, the deed to DCB Welding was plainly and clearly an alteration of the deed that had conveyed title to the plaintiff. The name of the grantee as well as the consideration for the deed were typed over a "Wite-out" obliteration of another grantee's name and a different stated monetary consideration. That the obliterated name was the plaintiff's was apparent on the third page of the document, which, by apparent oversight, still identified the plaintiff as the intended grantee. [Note 38] Bartholomew personally recorded the deed, and I find that she was personally aware of the obvious alterations to the deed and that the deed had originally been delivered to the plaintiff.
I find, therefore, the subsequent conveyance from Soscia Sr., as trustee of the Trust, to DCB Welding to be invalid. It is also invalid because the deed to DCB Welding, even had DCB Welding not taken with actual knowledge of the conveyance to the plaintiff, was altered after the plaintiff had accepted it. Although the DCB Welding Deed was recorded and the Soscia Deed was not, the DCB Welding Deed, an altered document delivered with knowledge by the subsequent grantee of the earlier conveyance, did not divest the plaintiff of his estate. The alteration of the name of the grantee, in a deed already delivered, but not recorded, does not divest the title from the original grantee and vest it in the substituted grantee. Carr v. Frye, 225 Mass. 531 , 532-533 (1917) (the erasure of original grantee's name and insertion of another did not divest grantee of his estate; it was the original grantee's property though the record title was in another's name); Lima v. Lima, 30 Mass. App. Ct. 479 , 487 (1991); Smigliani v. Smigliani, 358 Mass. 84 , 90-91 (1970) (finding the altered instrument ineffective as a conveyance).
Attorney Farese and Ms. Feudo testified that they created the DCB Welding Deed by changing the existing Soscia Deed using "Wite-out" or some similar product, writing in the new grantee where the plaintiff's name had previously been, and changing the statement of consideration to $6,000. The DCB Welding Deed bears the same date, September 16, 2014, as the Soscia Deed. Likewise, the trustee certificate, part of the same document as the DCB Welding Deed, contains the September 16, 2014 date and still identifies the plaintiff as the grantee of the Property and the consideration as one dollar, both in conflict with the first page of the DCB Welding Deed. Accordingly, while the alteration of the Soscia Deed to form the DCB Welding Deed may have invalidated the instrument itself, it did not divest the plaintiff of his title to the Property.
For the reasons stated above, I find that the plaintiff is the owner of the Property and neither DCB Welding nor the Trust has any right, title, or interest in the Property.
[Note 1] The court ordered service on the trustees and beneficiaries of the Somango Nominee Trust by publication. No one having appeared on behalf of the Trust, the Trust is defaulted, and judgment will enter against it pursuant to Mass. R. Civ. P. 55(a) and 55(b).
[Note 2] Stipulation of Facts ("SOF"), ¶ 1; Trial Transcript ("Tr.") 17-18.
[Note 3] SOF, ¶¶ 2-3.
[Note 4] SOF, ¶¶ 4-6; Tr. 20, 67; Exh. 1.
[Note 5] SOF, ¶¶ 9-10; Exh. 2.
[Note 8] SOF, ¶ 11; Tr. 19-20, 22-23, 29, 100-102, 117-118, 120, 131; Exh. 3.
[Note 9] SOF, ¶¶ 12-13; Tr. 22-23, 71-72, 102-103, 119-120.
[Note 11] Tr. 23-24, 72-74, 135.
Q. "And at that time did you tell him the reason that the buyers were backing out (the alleged contamination)?
Q. "Did he bring up contamination at any point?
[Note 13] SOF, ¶ 14; Tr. 23-25, 72-77, 121-124, 135-136.
[Note 14] Tr. 27-28, 84-85.
[Note 15] SOF, ¶¶ 15-17; Tr. 27-29, 84, 140-142, 146, 149-150.
[Note 16] SOF, ¶¶ 18-19; Tr. 28-30, 56-58, 67-68, 79, 86, 141-142, 150-151; Exh. 4.
[Note 17] Tr. 30-42, 46-52, 81-86, 88, 95, 142-143, 150-152; Exh. 5-7; 12.
[Note 18] Tr. 52-53, 91-92; Exh. 8.
[Note 19] SOF, ¶ 20; Tr. 54-55, 91-93, 144-145; Exh. 9.
[Note 20] Tr. 158-159, 163.
[Note 21] SOF, ¶ 21; Tr. 53-56, 79-82, 94-95, 124-126, 165; Exh. 10.
[Note 22] Tr. 58-59, 61, 89, 167-170, 176-177; Exh. 11.
[Note 23] Tr. 61-63, 171-174; Exh. 12.
[Note 24] Tr. 19, 103-105; Exh. 13.
[Note 25] SOF, ¶ 22; Tr. 103-104.
[Note 26] SOF, ¶ 30; Tr.104-105, 108-109; Exh. 13.
[Note 27] SOF, ¶¶ 7-8; Tr. 66, 73-74.
[Note 28] SOF, ¶¶ 24-29, 31; Tr. 25-26, 108-111, 131-134; Exh. 3.
[Note 30] SOF, ¶ 32; Tr. 105; Exh. 14.
[Note 31] SOF, ¶ 23; Tr. 66, 165-166.
[Note 32] Tr. 63-65, 96-97.
[Note 33] Tr. 63-65, 174-175.
[Note 34] SOF, ¶ 33.
[Note 35] SOF, ¶¶ 34-35.
[Note 36] SOF, ¶¶ 36-37.
[Note 37] SOF, ¶ 38.


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Students Write
Stories Photos Classifieds Everything
Marshall County Tribune
Stories from Friday, October 1, 2010
House, Senate debate set (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
Two candidates for the state Senate district including Marshall County, and three candidates for the state House district here and Giles County have accepted the Marshall County Tribune's invitation to participate in a political debate at Marshall County High School on Oct. 18...
Commission gives OK to spend $632,000 (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
Nearly $632,000 can be spent from the school budget's reserve account without causing a tax rate hike next year because of an exception in the Basic Education Program for expenditures that won't have to be repeated, county officials explained Wednesday and Thursday...
School Board readjusts its spending plan (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
Members of the school board met Tuesday night to respond to the county budget passed the night before. In a very short meeting, the board voted to approve a budget in line with what the county commission was allowing them for running of Marshall County's schools...
Good riders: 62 motorcycles roar across the county on fine fall day (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
A 90-mile motorcycle ride raised more than $1,500 toward establishment of a fallen police officers memorial in Lewisburg, according to spokesmen for the ride conducted Saturday during crisp fall weather. "We're still talking about it," Lewisburg Police Chief Chuck Forbis said Monday explaining the purpose of the motorcycle ride organized by Officer John Christmas, a recently elected county commissioner...
Berlin Spring pavilion gets $110,000 grant (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
NASHVILLE -- Marshall County is included in a series of state grants announced Wednesday. Construction of a pavilion at Berlin Springs will be funded with a $110,000 grant announced by Gov. Phil Bredesen and Environment and Conservation Commissioner Jim Fyke...
Obituary: William Cobia Barron (Obituary ~ 10/01/10)
Mr. William Cobia (Bill) Barron, age 93 of Lewisburg, died Wednesday, September 29, 2010 in Marshall Medical Center. Mr. Barron was a native of Marshall County and son of the late Ezra and Annie May Corbin Barron. The Barron family has been a part of this area since they settled here in 1820. ...
Public records (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
Marriage Licenses Samuel Elijah Britton and Jennifer Renee Savage; Tracy Ray Hazel and Honor Megan Wilcox; James Donald Tippett and Bonnie Faye Wright Cunningham; Jonathan McKay West and Rebecca Anne Bowman. Business Listings Cornersville Funeral Home, 310 N. ...
Briefs (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
Marshall County Sheriff Norman Dalton is asking the public for pictures of former Marshall County sheriffs to become part of a display honoring past sheriffs at the sheriff's office. For more information, call Norman Dalton, Katie Burk, or Cindy Durand at 359-6122...
Supreme Court upholds Schmeiderer's sentence (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
NASHVILLE -- An execution date has been set for a man sentenced to death for first-degree premeditated murder. The Tennessee Supreme Court has upheld the death sentence of Joel Richard Schmeiderer, 30, for the murder of Tom Harris, a fellow inmate at the South Central Correctional Center in Clifton. The Court set September 13, 2011, as Schmeiderer's execution date...
Fayetteville man's stolen car recovered (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
A Fayetteville man's parked car was stolen from near Soul Train early Saturday afternoon, but it was recovered in Columbia and a suspect was arrested a few hours later. Roderick Foxx told police he drove to the front of Soul Train on Verona Avenue, got out of his 1989 white Chevy Caprice, and walked a short distance away, according to Lewisburg Police Cpl. Jackie Robertson. Foxx then saw a man run to the car and drive away...
Valentine: It's not government's job to fix income gap (Column ~ 10/01/10)
I was reading another Associated Press story where they're fretting over the so-called "income gap." It so troubles them that the rich keep getting richer while the poor, they claim, are getting poorer. But are they really? In the early 1900s forty percent of the population was below the poverty level. ...
Confehr: Positive news for those seeking a job (Column ~ 10/01/10)
"I was born in a log cabin that I made with my own hands." That was Naomi Judd's answer to my question when she spoke at Middle Tennessee State University. It reflects the personal initiative and humble origins - such as being born in a log cabin like Abe Lincoln - plus the sense of humor that we like in our leaders...
Obituary: William Thomas Moore (Obituary ~ 10/01/10)
William Thomas "Tom" Moore, 72, of Lewisburg, died Monday, Sept. 27, 2010. A native of Cornersville, Mr. Moore was the son of the late Joe and Charlene Copeland Moore. Tom was retired from the United States Marine Corps as a Gunnery Sergeant, having served in Japan, Okinawa, and two tours of duty in Vietnam. ...
Obituary: Joe Randy Lovell (Obituary ~ 10/01/10)
Joe Randy Lovell, 51, a longtime resident of Udall, Kansas, passed away Friday, Sept. 24, 2010, at his residence in Elk Falls, Kansas, following an illness. Randy Lovell was born Aug. 28, 1959, in Athens, Ala. He graduated high school in Fayetteville, Tenn. and worked as a painter and drywall contractor. He was a bluegrass and Gospel musician, a regular at the Walnut Valley Festival and the Fish House in Sedan, Kansas...
Obituary: Jean Harper Harris (Obituary ~ 10/01/10)
Jean Harper Harris, 82, of Lewisburg, died Tuesday, Sept. 28, 2010, following an extended illness. A native of Marshall County, Mrs. Harris was the daughter of the late Jesse J. and Maggie Lou Williams Harper. She was a homemaker, and was preceded in death by her husband, J.B. Harris, who died in 2009...
Tyrades! Hail To Thee, Oh, Mayberry (Column ~ 10/01/10)
It's me! It's me! It's Danny T! Sorry, I couldn't resist writing that while preparing for Oct. 3, the 50th anniversary of the premiere of "The Andy Griffith Show." I'm not the only person getting into the mood; fans have been bandying about terms such as "iconic," "wholesome," "homespun," and "down to earth" -- as well as references to "dancing with Big Maude," "bud nipping," "fun girls from Mount Pilot," and "citizen's arrest!"...
Lynnville notes (Local News ~ 10/01/10)
We thank everyone who had a part in the annual "Lynnville Fair On The Square" that was held on Saturday, Sept. 25. Our crowd was down some, but a lot of other towns close by were having festivals, but all in all we had a good day. The second annual "Lynnville Christmas Village" will be held on Saturday, Nov. ...
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Research has a long tradition of being shared and developed through papers, meetings, conferences and conversations. Sharing research online is rapidly becoming part of the same process and is no different once you know how it is done.
Whether in an academic or a non-academic research career, when you share on the various platforms you integrate into your daily workflows, you create new possibilities for research, collaborative partnerships and career opportunities.
Learn in this workshop how to be as deliberate in creating online opportunities as you are in creating face-to-face interactions to improve your research. Through practical activities and discussion, you will identify your hub online platform and how to create online-sharing workflows around it.
Participants must have an active profile on at least one networking site such as Twitter, Linked-in, academia.edu or ResearchGate as well as knowledge of other online platforms of relevance to your research.


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Search Travel News Asia for: Vietnam
Your search for Vietnam found the following documents (of 52086 documents searched):
Displaying documents 145-152 of 41374, with best matches first:
145. Vietnam Airlines expands Regional Fleet with 5 new ATR 72-500s
Vietnam Airlines expands Regional Fleet with 5 new ATR 72-500s. ATR and Vietnam Airlines have signed a contract for the purchase of 5 new ATR 72-500s. This contract, will allow the airline to expand its ATR fleet and continue the renewal of its current fleet of ATR 72-200s. The airline started operating ATR aircraft in 1992 and today's fleet includes 7 ATR 72-200s and 3 ATR 72-500s
146. Starwood signs New Beachfront Resort in Vietnam
Starwood signs New Beachfront Resort in Vietnam. Starwood's Westin Hotels & Resorts has signed an agreement with Phat Dat Real Estate Development Corporation for a Westin resort to be developed on a beachfront site in Cam Ranh Bay, Khanh Hoa Province on the southeastern coast of Vietnam. The 330-room Westin is targeted to open in 2012.
147. Making a Difference: Etihad Airways Supports Operation Smile in Vietnam
Etihad Airways collaborated with Operation Smile for the charity's 25th anniversary medical mission to Vietnam. 'The Next Era of Smiles' mission was Operation Smile's biggest ever in Asia, providing more than 5,000 smiles to children born with facial deformities or requiring dental treatment. Volunteers from Etihad Airways' Vietnam and Abu Dhabi offices assisted patients during sur
148. Vietnam's Jetstar Pacific Airlines Signs MOU for 10 Airbus A320ceo Aircraft
Vietnam's Jetstar Pacific Airlines has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Airbus for 10 A320ceo aircraft, the first direct purchase of aircraft by the airline with Airbus. Based in Ho Chi Minh (Saigon), Jetstar Pacific is a joint venture between Vietnam Airlines (70%) and the Qantas Group (30%). The airline currently operates a fleet of 12 leased A320 Family aircraft, flying
149. Mercure Hotel Opens in Hoi An, Vietnam
AccorHotels has expanded its portfolio of hotels in Vietnam with the opening of the Mercure Hoi An Royal, the group's sixth hotel in Central Vietnam and second hotel in the UNESCO World Heritage town of Hoi An. Set in the heart of town, the newly refurbished 96-room boutique hotel offers a full range of facilities and high-standard services designed to appeal to the increasing numb
150. Accor to Open Two Mercure Hotels in Vietnam this September
Accor to Open Two Mercure Hotels in Vietnam this September. Accor is to debut its Mercure hotel brand in Vietnam with the opening of two hotels, one in Hue and another in Hanoi, in September 2009.
151. Alma Resort in Vietnam Appoints Two Executive Sous Chefs
The Alma resort in Vietnam has appointed Mai Ly Huong and Francesco Conzattu as Executive Sous Chefs. The new 30-hectare beachfront resort overlooking Long Beach on Vietnam's Cam Ranh peninsula has 14 restaurants and bars. Published by TravelNewsAsia.com on 18 December 2020.
152. Accor Opens Mercure Resort in Vung Tau, Vietnam
Accor has expanded its portfolio of hotels in Vietnam with the opening of the Mercure Vung Tau Resort. Located on the Nghinh Phong Cape in southern Vietnam's Bien Hoa Province, the 80-room Mercure Vung Tau Resort is 96 km from Tan Son Nhat International Airport in Saigon.
Documents 145-152 of 41374 displayed.
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Which Country Eats the Most Watermelons in the World?
Global watermelon consumption amounted to X thousand tonnes in 2015, picking up by +X% against the previous year level. Overall, the global watermelon consumption indicated a pronounced growth from 2007 to 2015. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticable fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. The total consumption volume increased at an average annual rate of +X%. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2009, when the output figure increased by +X% from the previous year level. Over the period under review, the global watermelon consumption reached its maximum volume in 2015, and is likely to continue its growth in the immediate term.
With nearly X thousand tonnes, China became the world's leading watermelon consuming country, making up X% of global consumption. The other major consumers were Turkey (X thousand tonnes) and Iran (X thousand tonnes), with a share of X% and X%, respectively. Moreover, watermelon consumption in China surpassed the figures recorded by Turkey more than tenfold. They were followed by Brazil with a X% of global consumption share and Egypt with a X% share.
From 2007 to 2015, an average annual growth rate of watermelon consumption in China stood at +X%. The remaining consuming countries recorded the following average annual growth rates: Turkey (-X% per year) and Iran (+X% per year).
Per capita watermelon in China was estimated at X kg/year, much higher than the global average of X kg/year. China was the leading country in terms of per capita consumption, among the main consumers of watermelon, followed by Turkey (X kg/year), Iran (X kg/year), Egypt (X kg/year) and Brazil (X kg/year).
In China, per capita watermelon consumption has grown noticably (+X% per year) in recent years. In 2015, China per capita consumption reached X kg/year as compared with X kg/year in 2007.


Go to the Information on Early Learning and Care Centres landing page.
Thirty eight Early Learning and Care Centres are being established including six new Autism specific centres in areas where existing child care services cannot meet the demand for child care.
$114.5 million has been allocated to establish the centres (including six Autism-specific centres). The funding includes both the capital costs and the ongoing costs of establishing additional child care places, including Child Care Benefit and the Child Care Rebate.
The Early Learning and Care Fact Sheet provides background information on the Early Learning and Care Centres.
The objective of the programme is to increase the supply of integrated early childhood education and care in areas of unmet demand for child care.
The programme places a strong emphasis on connecting with schools to ensure all Australian children are fully prepared for learning and life.
The following is a list of all the news items that are associated with Information on Early Learning and Care Centres.


Rising food and fuel prices have led the biofuel industry to take a beating on Capitol Hill the past few weeks. But the pummeling hasn't been by chance - it's part of a concerted effort spearheaded by the Grocery Manufacturers Association and the Glover Park Group.
GMA has been leading an "aggressive" public relations campaign for the past two months in an effort to roll back ethanol mandates that passed in last year's energy bill.
The association hired Glover Park Group to run a six-month campaign, according to GMA's request for proposal and Glover Park's response.
"GMA has concluded that rising food prices ... create a window to change perceptions about the benefits of bio-fuels and the mandate," reads the three-page RFP, a copy of which was obtained by Roll Call.
GMA's Scott Faber said it was high time the group, which represents many of the nation's largest food, beverage and household goods companies, joined the debate.
The energy bill, which passed in December, includes a renewable fuel standard that mandates 36 billion gallons of ethanol be produced yearly by 2022, up from about 7 billion gallons last year.
In its RFP, the GMA outlined a four-part approach: building "a global center-left coalition," which includes environmental, hunger, food aid, poverty, development, senior, children, business, nutrition, farm consumer and labor groups; taking advantage of the "extraordinary earned media opportunities" caused by rising food prices; mobilizing local food banks and "other local opinion leaders in key states and districts"; and hiring "trusted third-party experts" to document the effect of fuel mandates on, among other things, global hunger and poverty, job losses in the food industry, and inflation.
In its 21-page answer, a copy of which was also obtained by Roll Call, Glover Park laid out a hard-hitting plan with two main goals for the campaign.
"First, we must obliterate whatever intellectual justification might still exist for corn-based ethanol among policy elites. ... Second, we must demonstrate to policy makers at the state and federal level that there is a political price to allowing ethanol policy to drive up the cost of food," Glover Park wrote.
In order to do that, Glover Park said the campaign must "clearly show the direct and irrefutable link between corn-based ethanol policy and the variety of harms caused by that policy, above all food price inflation" along with an urgent and remedy-based messaging strategy.
In addition, Glover Park suggested creating a brand name and Web site, as well as using direct outreach and earned and paid media, including producing an online viral campaign.
The firm did not respond to several interview requests.
While Glover Park was hired to help manage the coalition, Faber says not everything in the proposal was adopted. So far, the members haven't created a name or Web site and haven't taken as aggressive an approach as Glover Park recommended.
"We're doing everything in our power to educate legislators about the impacts of food to fuel mandates, hunger and environmental issue," said Faber, who didn't rule out ratcheting up efforts further.
Beyond hiring Glover Park, GMA also expanded its lobbying contract with Dutko Worldwide. The association is relying on Andy Wright, former chief of staff to Reps. Rick Boucher (D-Va.) and Brad Sherman (D-Calif.), to develop a state-level grass-roots program.
Faber declined to discuss the association's payment of Glover Park and Dutko.
Pro-ethanol companies and associations haven't stayed out of the biofuels debate. Besides individual efforts by groups like the Renewable Fuels Association, the National Corn Growers Association and the Advanced Biofuels Coalition, there have been different levels of coordination between them.
So far, a formal coalition hasn't gotten off the ground, although members of different industry groups met Tuesday and expect to meet again next week to discuss coordination on the issue, according to Brent Erickson of the Biotechnology Industry Organization.
Different efforts to address the "growing chorus of criticism" of biofuels have been circulating.
One proposal, obtained by Roll Call, calls for a coalition building effort that would include six to 10 entities with biofuels interests to contribute a total of $2 to $4 million in what is estimated to be a one- to two-year effort.
Possible membership included 14 companies and associations, including agribusiness giants like ADM, DuPont and Monsanto.
Still, Erickson says the industry has gotten some traction on Capitol Hill, especially with House and Senate leadership.
"There is a little bit of hysteria being worked up there by some of the food companies and environmental groups," Erickson said.


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Our boys won the battle of the boy bands poll that maximum pop had during the last week!! One Direction were a hard adversary during all the week but we, the mclfy army proved them that our guys are the best!
And to celebrate it Maximum pop are going to give away tickets for the next mcfly tour coming next year on the UK!
8 years or so in the game, and McFly are still coming out on top! The boys have proven that no matter how long you're releasing music for, you can always keep it fresh and always keep your fans close by!
You can look back at all the highlights of McFly's career in our Best Bits here, and drool over the boys in the Six Pack At Six special that we dedicated to them!
Now, McFly fans, don't forget this means we will be giving away tickets to see the boys next time they're on tour – so stay tuned to Maximum Pop! for that!


1 Behold and hearken, O ye inhabitants of Zion, and all ye people of My church who are afar off, and hear the word of the LORD which I give unto My servant Joseph Smith, Jr., and also unto My servant Martin Harris, and also unto My servant Oliver Cowdery, and also unto My servant John Whitmer, and also unto My servant Sidney Rigdon, and also unto My servant William W. Phelps, by the way of commandment unto them.
9 Behold, this is what the LORD requires of every man in his stewardship, even as I the LORD have appointed or shall hereafter appoint unto any man.
18 Behold, I the LORD am merciful and will bless them, and they shall enter into the joy of these things.


review: Moxy Hotel Vienna Airport — Happily Fed with Memories & Co.
Our flight to Helsinki was not until 11 am the next day but we decided to spend the night at the Moxy Vienna airport as the ride from Salzburg to Vienna took more than 3 hours and a bit more sleep would not hurt. I booked directly with Marriott.com for EUR 90 for so-called Moxy Sleeper (standard room).
Westbahn to Vienna was usually cheaper than Railjet EUR 26,50 vs 34,50+. Just it only took you until Westbahnhof while with Railjet, one could get to Hauptbahnhof or even the airport. From Westbahnhof, we continued with the regional train to the airport.
The Moxy hotel was located just 10 minutes walk from the main terminal. This cubic building could be seen from far away by its distinct colour stripes white, black and pink.
Check-in was hectic but we got our key in no time as the room had already been paid and checked in online. We received the family room as an upgrade due to my platinum status with Marriott and two voucher for a cocktail.
The suite was twice the size of a standard room. It was very basic yet comfortable. I loved the "ultramodern" TV which connected directly to smartphone or laptop for an HDMI-cable-free Netflix.
The Moxy did well with the design of the public areas. It felt very cosy to hang around and have a drink. Unfortunately, the cocktails we had tasted like cherry juice diluted with water.
The gym was small but had decent equipment.
In the morning, we did not partake at the breakfast buffet. It looked quite tasty.
Overall, the Moxy was a convenient option for a short stay at the airport.


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The Yiddish weekly in Winnipeg, "Dos Yiddishe Vort," which was alternatively known as the "Yiddish Press" and before that as the "israelite Press," has ceased publication after 70 years. A spokesman for the weekly said that although Winnipeg still has a reputation as a stronghold of Yiddish, the paper had run out of readers, revenue and support. It was losing $2,000 a month and had only 1,600 subscribers. The spokesman said the only other Yiddish newspaper in Canada, the "Eagle" in Montreal, receives support from the Quebec government.
Eric Lander, a Jewish geneticist, chosen to lead Cabinet-level science office
Long Island rabbi receives threatening note after banning local Jewish paper from synagogue


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The American Farm Bureau Federation on Friday said it support the Commerce Department's announcement that the U.S. will withdraw from a previous agreement with Mexico and resume an anti-dumping investigation into imports of Mexican fresh tomatoes.
"The renewed anti-dumping investigation against Mexican fresh tomato imports is a necessary action," Farm Bureau President Zippy Duvall said in a news release.
"Despite a previous accord that banned artificially low prices, Mexican producers have found ways to exploit the agreement and increase their market share.


Chilly and lonely, the Baltic shores that inspire the Gdansk-born writer Pawel Huelle may feel far from the centre of things. In all his work, however, history rudely intrudes on isolation as the mainstream floods the margins – often tragically, sometimes hopefully (as in the Solidarity movement, for which Huelle worked). The Dutch Mennonite sect in 'Mimesis' have found a Polish refuge from persecution. Then both Nazi and Communist takeovers smash their peace and wreck their village idyll. What remains, as often with Huelle, are ruins, fragments, memories: history as a parade of ghosts and dreams.


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Nottingham one of the worst areas in country for destitution, study finds
It defines destitution as when a household cannot afford two or more essentials such as shelter, food, heating and clothing
Shaun Connolly
A view of the partially deconstructed Christmas market in Nottingham's Old Market Square (Image: Joseph Raynor/ Nottingham Post)
Nottingham is among areas with the highest levels of destitution in the country, a new study has said.
More than half a million children are living in destitution in the UK, it found.
In total, about 2.4 million people experienced extreme hardship in 2019, according to a report by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation (JRF).
The JRF said the figure represents an "appalling" rise of 54 percent over 2017 levels.
The number includes 550,000 children, a 52 percent increase in the two years to 2019, the probe found.
The JRF defines destitution as being when a household cannot afford two or more essentials such as shelter, food, heating and clothing.
The report said that families with children are increasingly likely to experience destitution, and that one in seven people, 14 percent, living in extreme hardship are in paid work.
The situation is becoming more concentrated in northern regions, the study said.
The way in which Universal Credit (UC) is delivered was identified as one of the "key drivers" of the situation along with "inadequate benefits".
The JRF expressed concern about the impact of the coronavirus outbreak on people with little money, and called on the Government to retain the £20-a-week boost to UC introduced during the Covid-19 pandemic and not carry out plans to stop the extra payments next April.
It stated: "With evidence of rising debt and hardship since Covid-19 hit, there are fears that the pandemic may have pushed people experiencing destitution closer to the brink.
"The JRF is calling for urgent action to make the £20-per-week uplift to Universal Credit permanent, to stem the rising tide of destitution.
"Half of people experiencing destitution were claiming or had applied for UC when the survey was carried out.
"Debt deductions from benefit payments are identified as a key driver of destitution, in particular the repayable advance many are forced to take up to cover the minimum five-week wait for the first payment of Universal Credit.
"These debt deductions reduce people's incomes to such an extent that many are pushed into destitution."
Single people face the highest risks of destitution, but lone parents are now more likely to experience extreme hardship than before, the study said.
The JRF found that the highest average rates of destitution are in the North East, followed by London and the North West.
Yorkshire and Humber, the West Midlands and Scotland also have "relatively high" rates of destitution.
Nottingham, Middlesbrough, Manchester, Hull, Liverpool, Newcastle and Blackpool are among areas with the highest estimated rates.
JRF director Helen Barnard said: "It is appalling that so many people are going through this distressing and degrading experience, and we should not tolerate it.
"No-one in our society should be unable to afford to eat or keep clean and sheltered. We can and must do more.
"The pandemic has shown just how much we want to look out for each other in difficult times, but the sobering truth is that even before Covid-19 hit, the number of people in destitution was rising sharply.
"The Government can act now to confirm that the £20 boost added to Universal Credit will be made permanent and extended to people receiving legacy benefits."
Labour's shadow work and pensions secretary Jonathan Reynolds said: "No child in Britain should be hungry or without essentials.
"The Government must do more to support struggling families who are facing real hardship this winter.
"They must see sense and scrap the planned cut to Universal Credit, which will take £20 a week from six million families.
"We urge the Government to end the disastrous five-week wait which is pushing people into debt, as well as increase support for those on legacy benefits, such as carers and disabled people, who have had no additional support throughout this crisis."
The JRF said the report was based on a "large-scale survey" which was set up to estimate the levels of destitution at the end of 2019. It also included interviews with 70 people in spring 2020 after the pandemic hit.
Nottingham City Centre
Mixed reaction to plans for thousands of homes on fields off the A52
Nottinghamshire'Have we got a choice?'


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(Unsplash)
College orders 'significant' review of chiropractic treatment in B.C. for kids under 10
The college originally began reviewing the risks of spinal manipulative therapy for kids in April
Black Press Media Staff
The body that governs chiropractors in B.C. is conducting a "significant" review on the safety of spinal manipulative therapy for kids under the age of 10.
In a public notice sent out Wednesday, the College of Chiropractors of British Columbia said it would work with researchers to conduct an "independent rapid research review" of the practice.
The college originally began reviewing the risks of spinal manipulative therapy for kids in April, following an Australian decision to temporarily ban the practice for children under the age of two.
However, the college said Wednesday that it was unsatisfied with their April review and that it would conduct a scan of policies and regulations on treating kids with spinal manipulative therapy by chiropractors from other jurisdictions and look further into the curriculum of chiropractic education programs related to the treatment of infants and children.
The college will also look into advertising done by chiropractors in B.C. to ensure they are not advertising the treatment of conditions outside the scope of their practice, including those that specifically target children.
The college will review the results in September.
ALSO READ: B.C. dental profession needs better self-regulation, expert says
Curds away: Police seek popular poutinerie truck pilfered from Kamloops
Police probe 'suspicious vehicle' thought to be linked to B.C. fugitives in northern Ontario


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Q: how to get url variable value in my controller My url is: http://192.168.1.4:8081/theme11#/createAd
I want to remove all if conditions and assign the "theme number variable" directly to the $scope.banner variable. I have tried $routeParams but it is not showing any value. I am a fresher and have basic knowledge of how angularjs works. Please help me.
            var myStr = $location.absUrl();
            if (myStr.indexOf("theme11") != -1){
                    console.log ("THEME11  ");
                    $scope.banner = "theme11.jpg";
                    }else if(myStr.indexOf("theme2") != -1){
                        console.log ("THEME2");
                        $scope.banner = "theme2.jpg";
                    }else if(myStr.indexOf("theme3") != -1){
                        console.log ("THEME3");
                        $scope.banner = "theme3.jpg";
                    }else if(myStr.indexOf("theme4") != -1){
                        console.log ("THEME4");
                        $scope.banner = "theme4.jpg";
                    }
                    else{
                        $scope.banner = "default.jpg";
                    }

A: Use split
var themeName = $location.path().split("/")[3]
'http://192.168.1.4:8081/theme11#/createAd'.split("/")[3]

themeName contain
themeName = "theme11#"

Then
theme = themeName..split("#")[0]
theme= "theme11"

A: Perhaps, try this:
var myStr = $location.absUrl();
var number = parseInt(myStr.replace((location.protocol+'//'), '').split('/')[1].replace('theme', ''));
$scope.banner = 'theme' + number + '.jpg";

jsfiddle:
https://jsfiddle.net/3Lkencyg/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
February 2013, Vol 4, No 2
Women with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Very Likely to Carry BRCA1 Gene
San Antonio, TX—Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) was strongly associated with BRCA1 status, but not with BRCA2 status, in a large study of medically insured women. The study showed that the number of patients with BRCA mutations with a TNBC profile is statistically significant.
Findings from a poster presented at the 2012 Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium suggest that patients with TNBC should be referred to a genetics counselor for further evaluation and possible genetic testing.
Women with TNBC are thought to be more likely to be BRCA carriers, but it is controversial whether newly diagnosed women with TNBC should be referred for genetic counseling. The recommendation for genetic counseling in this group of patients rests only on studies with small numbers of BRCA carriers. Thus, there is no clear guideline, explained lead author Reina Haque, PhD, MPH, a research scientist at the Department of Research and Development, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena.
The study was conducted by investigators at Kaiser Permanente, a large health plan with >3.5 million diverse members at >200 medical centers throughout southern California. The study was based on a retrospective cohort of 2105 women with breast cancer who were tested for BRCA mutations between 1997 and 2011. The BRCA results were reported in the health plan's clinical genetics registry. Of the 2105 patients with breast cancer, 249 were carriers of a BRCA mutation; there were 143 BRCA1 carriers and 106 BRCA2 carriers.
Data linkages were performed for all patients with the National Cancer Institute-SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results)–affiliated tumor registry; estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 statuses were captured and were assessed by immunohistochemical or fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques. Patients were classified into the 2 main biologic subtypes of TNBC (ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-negative) and non-TNBC (luminal A, luminal B, and HER2-enriched). The association between TNBC and non-TNBC and BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation status was examined.
The TNBC subtype was strongly correlated with BRCA status (P <.001). Women with TNBC tumors were 5 times more likely to be BRCA carriers than women with non-TNBC tumors (odds ratio [OR], 5.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.1-7.5).
The association between TNBC and BRCA1 was more robust (OR, 12.2; 95% CI, 8.3-17.9), and was unchanged after adjusting for age, stage at diagnosis, and race or ethnicity. TNBC was not associated with BRCA2 status (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.9-2.7).
These findings in a large sample of women suggest that patients with TNBC should be referred for further evaluation and for genetic testing, because results may inform treatment choice.


Why is an inventory of a company's fixed assets important?
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The professionals behind General Financial and Tax Consulting have over 75 years experience helping companies in all industries do just that. Now, we're taking fixed asset management to a whole new level – one that will enable a company to dramatically cut costs, increase cash flow, improve efficiencies, and share critical data across departments so everyone works smarter and more effectively.
Too often we have encountered companies whose departments work independently and do not share critical fixed asset data. This leads to incorrect or incomplete fixed asset ledgers, which results in the company paying more taxes than required.
What if departments were able to work together and share fixed asset data? What if the fixed asset ledger was continuously and accurately updated each time maintenance was performed on a fixed asset?
GFTC provides a customized software solution that links together fixed asset inventory and maintenance, and enables the maintenance and finance departments to share information so all assets are correctly updated on the books. This ensures that maximum tax savings and cash flow benefits are realized.
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GFTC's system is based on specialized tagging of assets that utilizes two-dimensional barcodes containing data that can be used by both the finance and maintenance departments. When the maintenance department services an asset, replaces components, performs upgrades, or takes an asset offline, the barcode tag is scanned and the asset information in the maintenance system is updated.
This process results in the maintenance department sharing critical fixed asset data with the finance and tax departments, including detailed information about additions, replacements, upgrades, and disposals of fixed assets by the maintenance department. GFTC also provides assistance with barcode tagging new or replacement parts to ensure the ongoing accuracy of the maintenance system.
Whether you are ready to get started or have additional questions, the first step is to contact General Financial and Tax Consulting. We want to hear your questions and explain how we can work with you. Many of our clients have similar questions, and you may be able to benefit from their experience (references provided). Start by filling out the contact form on this website. If you would like additional information, have more questions, or want to discuss your situation, call us at 1-888-496-2679.


The veteran Brooklyn-based DJ, producer and collaborator touches down in our Detroit studio to catch up with BMG and Erika.
Lauren Flax is best known these days as a DJ and producer from Brooklyn, but she comes on Interdimensional Transmissions as a native of Detroit. She's known BMG and Erika for years but arrives on their biweekly broadcast after reconnecting with them at Berghain, as one does, and they knew the next time the opportunity presented itself they had to get on the radio to talk through influences, inspirations and memories of Motor City music. Lauren kicks off the show with an hour-length DJ mix inspired by the golden era of Detroit radio. During the show's second hour, she plays through some of the music she's feeling both right now and perennially, from Aphex Twin to Julianna Barwick to Kelela, and talk through some shared good times.


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Home » Principles of Electronic Image Processing - Signals
Principles of Electronic Image Processing - Signals
Sherry Miller Hocking
tool-text
unpublished manuscript used as a studio manual at the Experimental Television Center
"The universe as we knew it until now was constructed on information of light, which reached our eyes and provided a model of the conscious universe. But now, with radio astronomy, we are getting a very different notion of our universe. First of all, we receive information which is not visible. Itメs not points or spheres anymore. Itメs energy which is not a permanent state; it is permuting, as a matter of fact, all the time. So that suddenly, through the instruments we have, we are reconstructing the universe in some visual sense, because eventually we translate radio waves into some visual model. We are now trying to visualize space which exists only as electromagnetic forces...Itメs the notion of the organization of energy in time that for me is the key to all sorts of changes within life."
Woody Vasulka, in Johanna Gill, Video: State of the Art 1976
As a kinetic as well as an electronic form, video concerns itself with the time/space equation. Video image movement occurs within a predetermined space, and the process of change, by definition, is a temporal event occupying a specific length of time. Changes in the time frame or time base of the signals which define the image result in changes in the duration of images and in the locations of sections of images within the two dimensional space of the imageメs display. On the level of electronics, the very construction of the video image, its generation as well as its display, is time dependent. The composition of the signal, then, defines the visual nature of the image as it exists in time; it dictates both the appearance of the single "still" image, which exists within a specific length of time, and its behavior through time.
On a primary level, the signal can be viewed as the art-making material; the creation of an electronic image is an architectural process and constructed in time. The signal refers to changes in energy levels and reveals a physical nature by forming and influencing images. Specific devices in an electronic image processing system perform specific functions or operations on signals, generating and altering the signals, or codes, and therefore the resulting images. In this way the hardware of the system can be viewed, in part, as a "carrier of aesthetic definitions." There are several general categories of signals specified by the processing system which include video, audio, control, and synchronizing or timing signals: as shall be seen, signals may perform functions within several categories. One signal, for example, can influence an image and also produce a sound.
The term "signal," derived from the Latin signum meaning sign, refers in a general sense to the use of conventional symbols which refer to a verbal description of a concept or event. A signal then is a translation of the description of an event from one set of symbols to another set of codes. It is the representation of the event. The signal conveys information concerning the state of the event in any given instant through time. Video images are codes of information conveyed by signals. The specific video picture information conveyed by a signal is in the form of changes in voltage; changes in voltage dictate changes in the information being carried. Voltage changes can be categorized in terms of changes of strength, increased or decreased voltage, and changes of direction, alternating or direct current signals.
Electricity is usually defined as the orderly movement of electrons through a conductive material. When a voltage is applied to a conductor, a force field is established which causes electron movement and therefore electrical energy. The rate at which electrons move past a given point is a measure of current strength expressed in ampheres or amps. When a current of one amp flows through a conductor, 6x 10 raised to the 18th power electrons are passing a given point each second. Electrons move only when an unbalanced electrical force or potential difference is present; voltage is a measure of the force causing electronic motion and is often described as electrical force or pressure. Ground is a reference point which has zero potential energy or zero volts. Because of the properties and dimensions of the conductive material, there is a resistance to the flow of electrons. Resistance is often likened to friction and is measured in ohms. It refers to the impedance of a current flow and results in the dissipation of power in the form of heat. Although the degree of resistance is dependent on the nature of the material, the resistance of any given material is constant.
Ohmメs Law egresses the relationship between current, resistance, and voltage; it states that voltage equals current, measured in amps (I), multiplied by resistance, measured in ohms (R ).Because the resistance of material does not change, voltage is proportional to current. Increases or decreases in voltage simultaneously produce proportional in creases or decreases in current. A watt is a unit of electrical power produced when one volt causes a current of one amp to flow through a circuit.
Two of the effects of electrical current are heat and magnetism. The resistance of the conductive material to the flow of electrons produces heat; this is easily demonstrated by the warmth of an incandescent electric light bulb. An electrical current also induces a magnetic field; this can be seen in the deflection of a compass needle placed near a wire through which a direct and steady current is flowing. The force of the magnetic field is at right angles to the direction of current flow. Michael Faraday in 1822 demonstrated the reverse of this law by showing that an electrical current can be induced by a magnetic field. A flow of electrons can thus produce a magnetic field and is also produced by a magnetic field; a magnetic field can therefore be employed as a means of controlling the movement of a flow of electrons, a process basic to the functioning of the scan motions in a video camera or monitor and also the foundation of many scan processing devices.
Electrical signals have a waveform which conveys the time limits of the event, the strength of the event and the direction of change of the event relative to a base line or reference point. The electrical signal can be graphically displayed in a number of ways.
On a fundamental level the waveform of an electrical signal is displayed as an XY plot of voltage changing through time. By convention, the horizontal or X axis represents the time dimension and the vertical or Y axis represents the voltage or signal strength. An oscilloscope is a test instrument which visually displays any electrical signal as a change in voltage through time. A waveform monitor is a specialized oscilloscope which graphically portrays the composite video signal.
In discussing a black and white video signal, the range of the video or picture portion of the entire signal provides an indication of the relative brightness or darkness of the image represented by the signal. A higher voltage level measured on the Y axis indicates a whiter portion of the image while a lower level indicates a blacker portion of the image.
The concept of graphic representation of waveforms is crucial to the understanding of an image processing system. As we will see, the time dimension or time frame of the signal may be extremely brief as in the representation of a single line of the video image which occurs in 1/15,750th of a second; the time frame may also be relatively long as in the representation of a frame of video, a collection of 525 lines which occurs in 1/30th of a second. The basic XY format can also be extended to incorporate a third parameter represented along the Z axis which can be conceived of as a vector extending out into space. This notion is important to understanding the technique of colorization. Woody Vasulka developed a technique using this type of vector diagram to locate parameters of the time frame of a video image, employing the Rutt/Etra Scan Processor. This graphic representation defines the line rate, field rate and intensity information.
A waveform can be described in terms of its shape, the number of times it repeats per time unit, its strength, placement and direction.
A waveform may begin at any point but when it returns to the point past which it started, the waveform has completed one cycle. Cycle refers to the completion of one rise, fall and return of the signal. It is important to note that the waveform may pass through a number of times the particular voltage at which it began before one cycle is completed. For example, the sine wave begins at the point exactly half way through one cycle before ending at this value at the second cycle after beginning. The time it takes for one waveform to be completed is called the period of the waveform. The term periodic refers to a waveform wherein a regular, repeating pattern is observable as the voltage changes through time; sine, square, and triangle are all periodic waveforms with specific shapes. Sine, square, and triangle are the basic waveshapes which can be combined with each other to produce complex waveforms. As we will see, the sine wave is actually the fundamental form from which square and triangle are derived.
Noise refers to a signal which is not periodic but random in nature, with unpredictably varying signal strengths; it is often defined as extraneous information present in the signal which is determined to be undesirable either through the process of comparing the signal to a reference signal or by personal decision. Noise can be manifested either aurally or visually and can also be used as a control. Snow is an example of video noise; snow is a random organization of monochromatic blotches and is part of the vocabulary of image processing because it is used as an image element in composition in much the same way that audio noise is used in electronic music composition.
The number of times a waveform is repeated per unit of time is called the frequency of the waveform; frequency then implies the speed of the signal. The number of cycles the signal completes in one second is measured in cycles per second expressed in Hertz or Hz.
The amplitude of the signal refers to the maximum strength attained by the signal. It is measured by the height of the waveform expressed to volts. The signal may have both a positive and negative voltage dimension. The reference line of zero volts is called ground. The total voltage excursion of the signal, obtained by the addition of the maximum positive and maximum negative points reached by the signal, is referred to as peak to peak voltage and is abbreviated Ppv.
The term gain defines the total peak to peak voltage excursion of a given signal and indicates the relative strength of the signal. An increase in the gain of the signal causes an increase in the signal level and conversely, a decrease in the gain results in a decrease in the signal level; gain thus equates with the amount of amplification of the signal. It expresses the ratio of the amplitude of the input signal to the amplitude of the output signal.
The term attenuate means to reduce in force or intensity; with respect to an electrical signal; attenuation refers to the lowering of the amplitude of the signal with respect to ground.
Instantaneous amplitude refers to the distance between a specific point in the waveform and the base line or ground and is expressed in volts.
The signal can be further defined by its positive and negative voltage dimension. An AC or alternating current refers to a signal which has both a positive and negative voltage dimension. An AC voltage rises to a maximum point and then falls through zero to a negative voltage level which is equal in amplitude to the maximum. A DC or direct current voltage does not change direction; the signal does not vary and is always either positive or negative. Polarity refers to the existence of two opposite changes, one positive and the other negative.
When a signal is inverted, the polarity of the signal is reversed. Positive signals become negative and negative become positive. In the case of a black and white picture signal, all the black become white.
The term bias indicates the repositioning of the signal relative to ground; the absolute amplitude and frequency of the signal are unchanged. The term phase refers to the relative timing of one signal in relation to another signal. If one signal is "in phase" with another, they both possess identical timing and have begun at the same instant.
A waveform may also be frequency and amplitude modulated. In amplitude modulation, the amplitude of the signal, called the carrier waveform is determined by the amplitude of a second control signal called the modulating signal which is input to a function generator. In this case, the frequency of the output remains the same as the normal output. The amplitude of the modulated or output signal changes in proportion to the amplitude of the modulating or control signal. In frequency modulation, the amplitude of the output signal remains the same as the normal output signal but the frequency of the output signal is determined by the frequency of a second signal, the modulating signal, which is fed into the function generator. The change in frequency of the modulated signal is proportional to the amplitude of the modulating or control signal. Modulation refers to the process of changing some characteristic of a signal so that the changes are in step or synchronized with the values of a second signal as they both change through time.
In the process of filtering, certain predetermined information is masked off, allowing a specific portion of data to pass through unchanged while the remaining is eliminated. Most commonly, filters act on frequency ranges although they can also act on amplitude ranges. Far example, a low pass filter cuts off high frequencies while passing low frequencies, while a high pass filter rejects low frequencies and passes high frequencies. The cut off frequency value can usually be controlled either by manual adjustment or with the technique of voltage control. A variable pass filter is actually a low and high pass filter working in series. The frequency range which passes is located between the cut off levels of the high pass and the low pass filter. The reverse process operates in a notch or band-reject filter. When the cut-off frequencies of both high and low pass filters connect in parallel overlap, the frequencies located between the two cut-off frequencies are rejected.
Signals can be further specified as analog or digital structures; the terms refer to ways of representing or computing changes which occur during an event. On a basic level, an analog signal is frequently explained as describing an event, a voltage far example, which continuously varies within its allowable range, ie. a thermometer. The measurement of the temperature is limited only by the resolution of the scale and how accurately the scale reading can be estimated. The position of the mercury relative to the scale markings must be estimated. Analog indicates that the signal as measured on a scale represents or is analogous to the information related by the signal. In a sense the scale represents the event. Analog devices use information which is constantly varying; within the allowable range, any value can be input or output. Conventional video cameras are analog systems; the video signal continuously varies and represents a pattern of lights and darks at which the camera points. A video monitor is also an analog device, but the representation flow is reversed in direction. The pattern of lights and darks, the image on the screen, represents a continually varying voltage, the video signal. A sine wave is also an example of an analog signal. The sinewave oscillator is an analog system which is specialized; it always produces a specific waveshape, the sine wave.
Digital signals are frequently explained as signals which describe information consisting of discrete levels or parts. Digital signals are concerned with steped information; the change from one value to another in a waveform does not vary continuously but, with some qualification, occurs instantly. Digital devices are constructed from switches which have only two states; they are either on or off, open or closed. All of the various voltage levels in a digital waveform must be expressible by two numbers, one representing the off, closed or low state; and the other representing the on, open or high state. One point of an event or voltage can be represented as a series of open or closed switches; the number of open and closed switches is counted, and this information is translated to one value. A number of these values can thus be constructed which will eventually plot a complete waveform. A digital waveform then has a stepped, square-edged appearance; the square wave is a simple example of this type of signal.
Several number places may be required to express a complex digital signal. If we have a number with one place and each place can only be a zero or a one, then we can use this number to express one of two states; 0 and 1. If we have two places and each place can be either zero or one, then we can express four different states: 00, 01,10, 11. The number places are called bits, a contraction of binary digits. The large number of combinations mathematically possible using only two numbers and a given number of places allows for the expression of many signals. Many electronic image processing systems have both analog and digital components and are often described as hybrid systems. It is important to note that with analog signals the waveform or one characteristic of the waveform is manipulated. With digital signals, the information about the waveform is altered and then used to reconstruct the waveform.
A signal then conveys certain information about an event. It contains a number of variables, such as frequency, amplitude or placement which can be changed and controlled.
Control over these variables is an issue central to electronic image processing. Whether achieved by manual or automatic means, control is exerted on a signal which defines an image and not the image itself. The achievement of control over the signals which define images is important to the use of electronic imaging as an artmaking medium.
A potentiometer or pot offers manual control over voltage through the adjustment of a knob. A familiar example of a pot is the volume control on a television receiver. Turning the knob results in an increase or decrease of the amplitude or the audio signal and thus an increase or decrease in signal strength or loudness. A pot allows only a continuous type of change over a signal. It is not possible to move from one discrete setting of a pot to another without proceeding through all the intervening voltage levels. On a basic level, a pot provides a method of manual control over the signal; the rate of change can be altered but is limited by the speed at which the knob can be turned by hand and the process of change is always continuous. A pot has three connection points or terminals. Two of the terminals are connected to a material which resists signal flow. The position of the third terminal, called a wiper, is adjustable along this resistive material. By changing the position of the wiper by manual adjustment of the knob, the amount of resistance to current flow is changed and therefore the signal. Frequently pots are calibrated, often by a series of relative number settings; because the change is continuous, the resolution of the scale to some extent determines the accurate repeatability of the manual setting.
Control over signal parameters can also be achieved by exerting an automatic rather than manual control over the pots. The technique of voltage control in effect allows the pots to be adjusted by another voltage rather than by hand. The principle of voltage control is the control of one voltage, often called the signal voltage, by another voltage, the control voltage. If the control voltage frequency is within the range of human hearing the signal can function both as a control voltage and as an audible sound; this dual role for signals and the resulting relationship between image and sound is a technique used frequently in electronic imaging. By use of control voltages the problem of continuously varying changes is overcome; one can move between discrete values without having to proceed through intervening values.
Control voltages can be periodic or non-periodic waveforms. Because they are signals, control voltages themselves can be processed by techniques such as mixing or filtering or can be amplitude or frequency modulated before they are used as control signals. Control voltage signals can exert influences on audio signals, video signals or other control signals. They can be generated by voltage control modules, audio synthesis equipment, or computers.
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