In this paper we propose an agitation method based on megasonic acoustic streaming to overcome the limitations in plating rate and uniformity of the metal deposits during the electroplating process. Megasonic agitation at a frequency of 1 MHz allows the reduction of the thickness of the Nernst diffusion layer to less than 600 nm. Two applications that demonstrate the benefits of megasonic acoustic streaming are presented: the formation of uniform ultra-fine pitch flip-chip bumps and the metallisation of high aspect ratio microvias. For the latter application, a multi-physics based numerical simulation is implemented to describe the hydrodynamics introduced by the acoustic waves as they travel inside the deep microvias.
 This paper is one of a collection of papers presented at the symposium on Design, Test, Integration and Packaging of MEMS/MOEMS (DTIP), held 9-11 April 2008, in Nice, France. A collection of selected revised papers were subsequently published in a special issue of Microsystem Technologies (Volume 15, Number 8 / August, 2009).


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Communications, Steamship Lines, and the American Civil War
By Niels Eichhorn | January 23, 2018 | Comments 0 Comment
Today, a simple click and mere seconds separate the writer and reader of a message; they communicate instantaneously with one another across vast distances. In the middle of the nineteenth century, weeks could pass before a letter reached its recipient on the other side of the ocean. Civil War armies benefited from the use of telegraphs, which were still slow by modern standards, but oceans presented significant barriers.[1] By the time of the Civil War, steam power had conquered time and space on iron rails and made an impact on the high seas. Boosters and merchants in port cities along the eastern seaboard increasingly desired to enhance trade and communication by attracting regular, direct trade lines. Some Civil War era officials foresaw the potential of steamships as agents of empire. Direct communications with other countries in the Americas could offer an opportunity to outmaneuver European rivals and establish an informal U.S. empire. The Civil War witnessed a continuation of the promotion of trade links and foreshadowed the imperial connections of the decades following the war.
In 1860, cargo and people still travelled on slow sailing vessels, but the role of steamships was growing in importance. For example, in 1860, merchants and ship owners in the British Empire operated 2,337 steamships; in addition, there were 36,164 sailing vessels.[2] Lucrative mail routes and mail packet routes attracted steamers. Representatives negotiated postal agreements that not only included low postage rates but also stipulated transportation on board steamships, usually in direct communications between New York and the signatory country. For example, when the Hanseatic City of Bremen dispatched Rudolph M. Schleiden to the United States in 1853, his first task was to negotiate a postal agreement, setting postage rates at a lower price and thus hopefully drawing all German post through Bremen. The eventual result was in 1860 the emergence of Bremen's Norddeutscher Lloyd (Lloyd), following in the footsteps of the Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft (HAPAG). Both used steamers for the transportation of mail and passengers between the North German port cities and New York.[3] Just like on other transatlantic routes, U.S.-owned business were not competitive.[4]
Painting by Fritz Müller of the Bremen, reproduced in Johannes Lachs, Schiffe aus Bremen: Bilder und Modelle im Focke-Museum (Bremen, Germany: Hauschild Temmen, 1994). Courtesy of Wikimedia.org.
However, without reliable and safe service, customers might not patronize these new steamlines. Schleiden emphasized that the German steamship companies needed to provide reliable service and rent replacement ships if their own vessels suffered engine trouble, or worse.[5] During the Congressional debates surrounding passage of these agreements, Southern representatives voiced their desire for Southern states to also receive direct service to Europe.[6] Their requests assumed new urgency with secession.
Secession severed not only the political ties between North and South, but also their trade links. The vast majority of vessels and trade arrived in Northern ports, but many ships left Southern ports with valuable cargos. To foster trade links between Europe and the seceded states, consuls in Southern ports communicated home the urgent desire for direct links. Before even the formation of the Confederates States of America, Hamburg's merchant-consul Johannes Nicolaus Hudtwalcker in Savannah asked the Staatsyndicus (equivalent to the U.S. Secretary of State) Carl Hermann Merck to consider the growing trade between the two cities and promote a line between Hamburg and Savannah. The consul pointed out that the lack of a direct connection between the two forced all commerce to travel through other ports. Hudtwalcker suggested the creation of a direct line, claiming such traffic would yield significant profits. He pointed to the excellent connections with the hinterland in Hamburg to illustrate the city's ability to transship transport commodities from Savannah to other German states.[7] Hudtwalcker was not alone in this request for a direct connection between a port in the seceded states and Europe. Such an inquiry shortly after secession signals that many merchants-consuls, like other contemporaries, did not consider war likely, instead seeing peaceful separation as a distinct possibility. However, regardless of secession's outcome, they needed to plan how maintain their trade relations.
James Watson Webb to William Henry Seward, October 8, 1863, M121, Despatches From U.S. Ministers To Brazil, 1809-1906, National Archives, Washington, DC.
The dialog about connecting southern ports with the world did not stop with the outbreak of war. Conversations about enhancing trade and communications were not restricted to European countries. In October 1863, the U.S. Minister to Brazil, James W. Webb, informed the State Department about Brazil's intention to open a subsidized steamship line to New York, which would also stop in Charleston. Well aware of Secretary of State William Seward's hemispheric vision, Webb presented the proposal in a hemispheric perspective, aiming to establish an "American Policy." As the most powerful country on the continent, the United States could not tolerate communications with South America to happen by way of Europe, since in time of war, Europe could prevent any interaction between North and South America. Ironically, Webb's Europhobic attitude clouded his judgment. He suggested that the constitutional governments of the Americas needed to work together against Europe's oppressive monarchies, overlooking the fact that Brazil was a European-style monarchy. Nevertheless, even the leader of Argentina voiced the perception of "neglect of the Government of South America by the Government of Washington, in not furnishing a direct Steam Mail communication with Brazil." Harshly criticizing British policy and shipping as piratical, due to the supposed support the British had granted to the Confederacy, Webb noted that U.S. neglect had allowed Great Britain to turn the region into an economic dependent. Besides the trade benefits of a steamship line, Webb pointed out that mail steamers were self-sufficient. Webb concluded that "looking at this question solely in a National and Political point of view, and in connexion with our future relations with the Government of this Continent, I am of opinion, that it would be wise, and sound statesmanship, to pay a million of Dollars per annum for two Mails per month to and from Brazil, even if they would insure no immediate increase of commerce, and even if I did not believe, as I most assuredly do, that the proposed Steamers will not only be self-remunerating, but would within the term of the proposed contract, directly and indirectly benefit our Country more than a hundred fold."[8] Interestingly, Webb did not explain why he wanted the Lincoln administration to support a shipping line that apparently connected New York to Charleston before heading into the Caribbean and South America.
Where Webb saw the steamship as a tool against Great Britain and an agent of empire for the United States, the ships would have also docked in Confederate ports, fostering what Hudtwalcker had suggested to Hamburg in early 1861. Steamships could increase trade and speed-up communications, but at the same time, they could also project power. When the Civil War started, merchants and ship owners continued to seek economic growth opportunities. Hudtwalcker and Webb's arguments confirm Jay Sexton's recent argument that steam transportation and imperial expansion went hand in hand. Viewing the Civil War era's international communication discussions as part of long-term trends illustrates that regardless of the war, trade continued to grow and politicians in the United States considered the imperial future of their country.
[1] The transatlantic cable was laid in 1858 but was operational for only one month. It was not until 1866 that they were successful in establishing transatlantic telegraph capabilities.
[2] United Kingdom, Annual Statement of the Trade and Navigation of the United Kingdom (London, UK: George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode, 1861), 50.
[3] Ludwig Beutin, Bremen und Amerika: Zur Geschichte der Weltwirtschaft und der Beziehungen Deutschlands zu den Vereinigten Staaten (Bremen, Germany: Schünemann, 1953), 117.
[4] Jay Sexton, "Steam Transport, Sovereignty, and Empire in North America, 1850-1885," Journal of the Civil War Era 7, no. 4 (December 2017): 629.
[5] Schleiden to Senats-Commission für die auswärtigen Angelegenheiten, July 29, 1858, 2-B.13.b.1.a.2.b.II, Staatsarchiv Bremen.
[6] Schleiden to Senats-Commission für die auswärtigen Angelegenheiten, March 6, 1857, 2-B.13.b.1.a.2.b.I, Staatsarchiv Bremen.
[7] Johannes Nicolaus Hudtwalcker to Carl Hermann Merck, January 31, 1861, CL VI, no 16p, Vol 4b, Fasc 13c, 111-1 Senat, Staatsarchiv der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg.
[8] James Watson Webb to William Henry Seward, October 8, 1863, M121, Despatches From U.S. Ministers To Brazil, 1809-1906, National Archives, Washington, DC. For the financial benefits of a subsidized steam ship line, see Sexton's discussion of the Pacific Mail/Panama Railroad. Sexton, "Steam Transport, Sovereignty, and Empire in North America," 631-635.
Niels Eichhorn
holds a Ph.D. in History from the University of Arkansas and has taught history courses at Middle Georgia State University and Central Georgia Technical College. He has published Liberty and Slavery: European Separatists, Southern Secession, and the American Civil War (LSU Press, 2019) and Atlantic History in the Nineteenth Century: Migration, Trade, Conflict, and Ideas (Palgrave, 2019). He is currently working with Duncan Campbell on The Civil War in the Age of Nationalism. He has published articles on Civil War diplomacy in Civil War History and American Nineteenth Century History. You can find more information on his personal website, and he can be contacted at eichhorn.niels@gmail.com.
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The DS552LT4-1 comes equipped to display both D55 (5500 K) and D65 (6500 K) CIE colour standards right out of the box – a feature lacking from many of the large format commercial LCDs currently on the market. As many displays have a tendency to be rather cool or "bluish", these colour settings produce a very natural looking image which has a correlated colour temperature to that of daylight.
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Most residential and commercial screens will blacken or result in isotropic failure when the LCD panel overheats. The DS552LT4-1 is equipped with a high temperature LCD panel capable of withstanding temperatures up to 110˚C (230°F) without blackening – crucial for direct sunlight applications.


text:
CHURCHVILLE:
Died peacefully at home on October 20, 2021 at age 74. Predeceased by his father, Raymond W. Lennon; mother, Lorraine B. Lennon; brother, Dennis E. Lennon. He is survived by his wife, Dian G. Lennon; children, Amy (Jeff) Flagler, Fred Lennon (Donna Zimmerman); grandchildren, Jacob Flagler, Jarrett Flagler, Julia Lennon, Hanna Bunger, Isabelle Bunger; dear family friend, Jodi Alexander. Fred was retired from the Monroe County Sheriff's Office. He was a lifetime member/ Past Chief with 54 years of devoted service with the Churchville Vol. Fire Dept.
On October 20, 2021 at about 22:10 Chief Fred Lennon Sr completed his journey on this planet at home, peacefully, surrounded by his family. He was just shy of his 75th birthday and just completed 54 years of service to the Churchville Volunteer Fire Department. He spent his career at the Monroe County Sheriff's Office - Rochester, NY and upon retiring went to work guarding the federal building downtown. His last job was "Bull" in court for the Riga Town Court. I think he held every office at CFD except as President. He gave so much of himself to his wife, his kids, his grandkids and the community. He was instrumental in the completion of the new fire station. When he worked at the MCSO, he was detailed to Arthur Shawcross during his trial. You'd be hard pressed to find anyone in the fire service, especially on the west side that had not met him. If you didn't meet him, you probably heard him as he was usually the guy answering up for Churchville when a call came in. He was the epitome of a fire chief and a fine example of a man. He genuinely cared for people, was funny, and was looking forward to the next thing like getting the FD's website started - something he knew nothing about, but it got done. He was a proud man, his office is filled with memorabilia from his days here and the things he did. Rest in Peace now chief, Your watch has ended.
Fred's visitation will be on Thursday, October 28, 2021 from 4-8 pm at the funeral home, 21 S. Main St. Churchville. Interment will be on Friday October 29 at 10 am at Creekside Cemetery in Churchville. (Please meet at the funeral home at 9:30 am to go in procession to the cemetery). Donations may be made in Fred's memory to the Churchville Vol. Fire Dept. 24 Washington St. Churchville, NY 14428.


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Q: An issue with limiting a while loop My table auto increments the value KundeID and on the form that confirms the input of data I want to show the person inputting it what their ID is when they're done. I'm using this code currently and while I get the correct ID, it loops forever, but I only want it to tell the ID once. What can I do to fix this?
$sq="SELECT MAX(KundeID) AS max_ID FROM kunder";
while   ($result=mysqli_query($kobling,$sq)) {
    $row=mysqli_fetch_array($result);
    echo "Ditt kundenummer er ".$row["max_ID"]."
";
}

A: Your solution is:
$sq="SELECT MAX(KundeID) AS max_ID FROM kunder";
$result = mysqli_query($kobling,$sq);
$row = mysqli_fetch_array($result);
echo "Ditt kundenummer er " . $row["max_ID"] . "
";

You don't need to use while here.

A: As you mention table auto increments the value KundeID and you want maximum or latest Id, Right ?
So no need to use while loop you can directly get value using query
your code should be like this:
 $sq="select KundeID from kunder order by KundeID desc limit 1";

 $result=mysqli_query($kobling,$sq);

 $row=mysqli_fetch_array($result);

 echo "Ditt kundenummer er ".$row["KundeID"]. "
";

This may help you.

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hoh.. wonderland's always be my inspiration...but somehow i still haven't create one pict in "wonderland" theme!
I love sailor moon! I would love to watch again, and buy the dvd collection!


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It's another wonderful discussion about adopting to the Cloud and how to master it in the third episode of the Jody & Steve Show.
05:54 – Steve identifies what you need to make Cloud work for your organisation.
07:12 – Jody: User productivity is the determining factor of the gap between business and IT. If your users are happy with the service that IT is delivering to them, the business is getting value from IT.
07:25 – Steve enumerates the factors that would make you ready for the Cloud.
08:16 – People who own their career love any kind of emerging technology because it gives them an opportunity to learn more.
09:07 – If you embrace Cloud, learn it and bring value to your organisation, you'll become indispensable in the new Cloud world.
Steve: We've identified some differences and unique characteristics of adopting Cloud computing. In this section, we're going to address what you can do about that and how you can master it.
Steve Jody, you had this thing you mentioned about getting your house in order. I think that's an interesting launching point. What did you mean by that?
Jody: If you just think about the simple concept of building a house, if you have foundations in the crack of your house, and you try to build a house on top of that, you can absolutely expect to have a lot of problems. It's the same concept with Cloud. If you don't have an infrastructure that has the right processes in place, that has a number of technology components really nailed down, monitored, managed effectively, all geared towards user productivity, and you'd pick that up and move it to a Cloud platform, you can expect to have the same problems on steroids.
Steve: Basically, you're saying if you have a crappy environment that's insecure and not built well, and putting it in the Cloud, it will be a crappy insecure environment in the Cloud. Maybe worse.
Jody: I'll actually take it a step further than that because I don't think it needs to be a crappy infrastructure. I think that most organisations have challenges in their environment. They know that they're not enabling the highest level of productivity for a myriad of reasons. There seems to be this impression that customers can solve some of those problems by moving workloads to the Cloud. It just exacerbates the challenges they already have.
Steve: The one thing I see every day is the traditional environment through CyLoad and to the network guys, the storage guys, the app guys, the OS guys, the Hypervisor guys. There is no distinction in the Cloud. It's all one framework. It has to be unified, designed and worked together.
Jody: That's right. That's why they call them workloads in the Cloud. It's what we've been talking about.
Steve: It's not play loads, it's workloads.
Jody: I think that when you look at an existing infrastructure, it's important for customers to understand what are we doing well, what do we need to improve upon, and what do we absolutely don't have insight into. That's a big one because we run into that a lot with customers where they're running decent environments, but they know that user productivity isn't quite where it needs to be. Sometimes they're afraid to interact with the users and actually get those real answers, and sometimes they're unable to get those answers.
There's all kinds of some of those challenges that exist. I think that the technology pieces– I want to ask you, Steve, what technology aspects of an infrastructure do you guys run into a lot that you could see playing either a positive or a negative role in a Cloud migration?
Steve: The most negative one is, as Ray said, it's siloing. People get attached to specialties. That doesn't really apply in the Cloud. You have to have a holistic vision, and you have to touch it. A lot of it too is brute force, solving a performance issue with more horsepower. You are going to be very [unintelligible 00:03:33] in the Cloud if you double your processors and your memory to make it run better because you're going to be paying twice as much. Sometimes big dollars.
A single machine can be $100 or $200 a month, double that up, add some storage, it's double, triple more. Especially if it's special workloads like Sequel, so rightsizing is a huge, huge risk, security model and identity management, you mentioned earlier. If you don't have an identity management framework and solution, and now you go into a public Cloud environment, what the hell is going to happen?
Jody: Yes, and you mentioned earlier, talking about virtualisation. I think it was a really good point. Virtualisation enabled all of us not to care about resource allocation on servers. That is inherently dangerous in the Cloud for those reasons. I don't know many customers that are in a private Cloud that absolutely have a clear handle on exactly what resource allocation needs to be across their virtualisation environment in order to maximize productivity of that environment.
Steve: And that is a tenant of Cloud. You must go into Cloud, defining a workload. Actually, it's minimum requirements. I've talked about how when you're a big bad IT guy over the years, you learn to get the biggest server you can to anticipate load. Cloud is 180 degrees opposite. You will not do well if you approach it that way.
Steve: Lot of things are different.
Jody: It occurs to me too as we're having this conversation that there's a whole other component there that's really interesting. We always talk about it in this industry for years now, the gap that exist between the business and IT. The reason that gap exists is simply because the business isn't getting the value that they want to get out of IT. There's a thousand reasons for that, and they differ between organisations. It's unimportant though. There's that gap.
Steve: Think about this, IT's the only place where a business gives you a finite budget and an undefined set of goals. Basically, you have this much money to accomplish whatever we ask you. It's not realistic, and Cloud will not help in any way with that problem, so the disconnect. Here's the theme that I'm developing from what you're saying. If you have a good security model, good understanding of workload monitoring, understand the business, and the business and IT are aligned, you have identity management, everything under control, Cloud will be a natural progression to you.
You will still have to go learn it. The way to learn it is do what I did, waste a bunch of money, learn the hard way, study, find experts, learn from them, bring customers on, live it and experience it, you'll be okay. If those things are not right, the Cloud will have no effect on them and may make it worse.
Jody: Absolutely. I think there's another important component there too. You can kill two birds with one stone, which IT has got to find better ways, more ways to accomplish that. If you think about what you're talking about, most organisations don't have all those things nailed down. There is that gap that exists. By understanding, by focusing on getting your house in order, in other words, shoring those things up, you have an immediate impact to user productivity. You have an immediate impact in delivering value to the business.
Steve: Before you even try to go to Cloud.
Jody: You have to talk about Cloud. If somebody else wants to talk about Cloud within the organisation, you're prepared to do that because now you have more insight and you have more value. Look, user productivity is the determining factor of the gap between business and IT. If your users are happy with the service that IT is delivering to them, the business is getting value from IT.
Steve: In summary, what I'm hearing is if the business and IT are in sync, you have control control of your systems, good understanding of performance, security, management, you're probably ready for the Cloud, you can move forward.
Steve: Jody, how about perception of the Cloud from within organisations, especially IT organisations, and how they feel it's going to impact their job, and their career, and their future?
Jody: It's interesting. Whenever it comes down to the human piece, I get so interested. That's the stuff I could count on. I think it depends on the individual and the individuals within those organisations, and how they think about their own career. What I mean by that is, people that I know that own their career, and assume responsibility for their career, absolutely love this, love any kind of emerging technology because it gives them an opportunity to learn more.
People that don't, and depend more upon their organisations to guide them, they're going to have a little more challenge around any emerging technology. Cloud is no different. I think where Cloud really gets interesting for me in that light is that they can learn so much so quickly, and add so much value back to the business, to our point around getting your house in order and providing additional value to the business. By doing that in Cloud with a partner, they can do that faster and they actually will become more essential to the business.
Steve: I think that's the theme that I see. If you resist Cloud, and push it off and say it's a threat to me, it will be a threat to you. If you embrace it, learn it and bring value to your organisation, you'll become indispensable in the new Cloud world.
Jody: That's right. Once again, as humans, it's all about perspective.
Steve: Thank you for listening. We've identified challenges with Cloud, possible solutions. We've identified that if you have your house in order, you're ready for Cloud and move forward. If you're not, and you feel some help is needed, reach out to Jody, from Insentra, and Steve, from ThinClient Computing. Good luck to you.
Jody is an experienced business leader who is known throughout the information technology industry for setting new standards for how business is done. A strong proponent of Steve Farber's Leap (Love, Energy, Audacity and Proof) concept, he believes that organizations should be equally focused on both the client experience and the employee experience.
During his career, Jody has successfully built high-performing teams and developed company cultures that bring people from all levels and backgrounds together, working toward common goals. He has also established a strong reputation for building companies to exceed the $50M+ revenue mark.
Prior to joining Insentra in 2016, Jody served as Vice President and Managing Director of a well known and respected channel partner in the US where he promoted the ongoing investment in the support structure and processes that ensure employees have the bandwidth, sales and technical expertise to deliver exactly what the client needs.
During his tenure there, the organization was recognized by the Orange County Business Journal as one of Orange County's "Best Places to Work" in both 2013 and 2014. Other accolades the company received include recognition as one of the Orange County Business Journal's "Fastest Growing Private Companies" for 2013. The company was also recognized by a leading software vendor as its North American "Partner of the Year," and as one of its "First Achievers" in attaining "Specialist" status.
Jody began his career more than two decades ago selling Unix "turnkey" systems developed for businesses that focused on the HVAC/Electrical Contracting and Steel distribution industries. Prior to joining Agile360, he held a number of roles including CIO at Oregon Medical Group, IT Consultant at Global Entertainment, CIO at Capital Title Group (CTG), Vice President of IT at New Century Title Company (a CTG subsidiary), and Regional IT Manager at Old Republic Title Company.
Founder of Thin Client Computing, a leading provider of advanced Citrix virtualization solutions to progressive Enterprises. A pioneer and innovator in advanced deployments of Citrix technologies he has been active in remote computing and virtualization since 1992. Recent clients include American Express, Mayo Clinic, PetsMart, Scottsdale Community College and Cox Communications.
Mr. Greenberg is a popular public speaker who has presented at Synergy, Geek Speak Live! and BriForum. He has published white papers, research studies and informational articles and has received both the Microsoft MVP and Citrix CTP awards.


"I started on an Apple II, which I had bought at the very end of 1978 for half of my annual income. I made $4,500 a year, and I spent half of it on the computer."
"After two weeks of working on a project, you know whether it will work or not."
"The power of the computer is starting to spread."
"I really think it is amazing that people actually buy software."
"It always helps to be a good programmer. It is important to like computers and to be able to think of things people would want to do with their computers."


"Murders in the Rue Morgue" is the one of the first detective book in the world's literature. And now you can take part in this intriguing story and try to track the murderer. There are no witnesses, two dead women and the numerous hypothesis. Is this a human or not? Lead your own investigation on the legendary Paris's street created by Edgar Allan Poe, explore the murder's place and save the innocent. Dark Tales: Edgar Allan Poe's Murders in the Rue Morgue Collector's Edition present you the unique soundtracks, wallpapers and screensavers. Are you the experience detective?
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You can also have a close look at Dark Tales: Edgar Allan Poe`s Murders in the Rue Morgue Collector`s Edition walkthrough on the blog.
In fact this very game is a mixture of adventure and hidden object genre where you are to explore scenes, pick up a lot of items or zoom in on part of a room to find a list of hidden objects, among which is always hidden one or two important items. Dark Tales: Edgar Allan Poe Murders in the Rue Morgue provides a regular mode to play, which has short recharge time of the hints, and points out active zones with sparkles. And vice versa expert mode offers longer recharge times and doesn't indicate where the active zones are. Honestly, without helpful sparkles, you might hardly find one or another puzzle.
Despite the striking title, the game makes a feeble contribution to the hidden object market. The developers go after predictable way offering players countless mystery items to find, wandering from location to location and interrogating people that are connected with the accident in some way. The artwork is lovely, but most of places are typical for such games and hardly notable. Moreover, the game lacks in a logical structure at times as well. No wonder, you will find yourself collecting objects with no idea of their importance, except you know that you need them because they are highlighting. All parts of the scenery that can be zoomed in on for hidden object searches are also marked, and you will sometimes have to investigate the same scene more than once. This feature cannot but bewilder the players, since nobody likes repetitions.
In addition to the plain graphics, one can be disappointed by the lack of voice-acting or any expressive animation that might bring this title up to standard. Of course, there are much more polished games with real twists. Anyway Dark Tales: Edgar Allan Poe Murders in the Rue Morgue has a playable value owing to its plausible storyline and may entertain you on this long Christmas holiday.


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text:
Modern Foods
Find your perfect example here!
Three Draft Pages
In: Essay Samples
The game of chance is known from the year 2000 BC, preceding the money itself. The game has been very present in many ancient civilizations, such as among the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, etc., with a special role, due to what was considered one of the main passions of the highest classes. Psychologically, the game of chance is a challenge to luck, through which a person projects his hopes to magically change the future in his favor, or at least to experience the pleasure of triumph against the risk of failure, thus translating a nonconformity with reality, a desire to escape from mediocrity or everyday monotony.
The use of chance in the game is considered fun when there is a control and a joy in the act itself, while it ceases to be when it involves suffering and lack of control. At the moment two important classifications stand out: one of the games and those of the own players. Several types of games have been distinguished, such as competition games, games of chance, risk games and rule games. Among the games of chance, four large classes of games are established: by their legality (licit and illicit); for his administration (public and private); for its content (slot machines, bingos, casinos, cards, lotteries and sports bets) and for its addictive power (very addictive and not very addictive).
The addiction to gambling, or pathological gambling, as it has also been called, is an addictive disorder characterized by uncontrolled behavior in relation to gambling. Gambling primarily consists of two steps, placing a bet and consequently winning or losing that same bet. But the problem is not placing the bet; the problem is really there when betting starts to become a problem, creating a liability and bringing negative consequences. The grand majority of pathological gamblers tend to refuse that they have a problem; they take the idea that they are actually making a lot of money through the game, and they rationalize that they are playing to earn money and thus be able to pay the gambling debts that have accumulated(C., Alvin). The individual's progressive control loss and the impressive amount of money spent lead to economic and family problems, and moreover a lot of stress. This causes depression and anxiety that often endanger the life of the addict (Nordqvist, Christian). Moreover, addiction to gambling is the addiction most related to suicide attempts.
The pathological game was recognized as a psychological or mental problem, for the first time, at a world level, in 1980. It is considered as the addiction of the nineties, the one with the greatest frequency among impulse control disorders. The studies developed in Europe and North America show a prevalence of the disorder that exceeds 1% of the population (Becoña, 1998). Now, a certain consensus has been reached in which we talk about an estimate of 2-3% prevalence of the disorder in the population. And it is, within this percentage, 40% of cases fluctuate between 18-30 years The prevalence has been increasing in recent years due, in large part, to both the availability as access to the game that is, the existence of greater places to play (casinos, slot machines, lottery, races) and the opportunities to use those instances, such as access age and restrictions on access.
This increase in prevalence is reflected more in the male than in the female, in addition that men and women show different preferences for one type of game or another
The National Council on Problem Gambling (NCPG) estimates that one in five gambling addicts will attempt to kill themselves, about twice the rate of other addictions. It's estimated that 18-25 percent of pathological gamblers will attempt suicide (Lynn J. Dell). According to the NCPG, there are about two million compulsive gamblers and four-to-six million problem gamblers in the U.S., this points out how significant is the suicide contribution that pathological gambling makes. It is believed that pathological gamblers turn to suicide due to economic reasons.
Gambling impacts every individual in an economical way, when addicts start losing money and not being able to maintain their gambling level. They often start to compromise their economic position and one of their loved ones since they start to ask for money loans in order to be able to gamble, consequently getting themselves into ever greater debt. "The amount of financial devastation you can wreak plays a big role," says Keith Whyte, executive director of the NCPG. "You can bet $50,000 in a single hand, every minute." (Lynn J. Dell ).The economic blows the addict receives are very strong, and in a money-based economy, it may take the individual to lose it all.
Furthermore, gambling addiction drastically changes peoples life, the intolerance to frustration, the inability to get in touch with their emotions, as well as the grandiosity, the feelings of low self-esteem and the big lie that they are going to win is a product of the double life that the addict usually develops. Focusing on the nuclear family, family neglect, and lack of communication begin to occur. The members of the family can act both as an inhibitor of the game behavior, becoming one of the main reasons for abandoning compulsive behavior, or as a trigger, giving problematic relationships.
As for the labor or academic environment, performance begins to diminish, demotivation appears, unjustified absences, individuals start abandoning responsibilities. "Addicts tend to forget their social life, there is inattention of friendships, they stop doing other types of leisure activities, and start losing significant relationships" (Nordqvist, Christian). As the player spends much of his time thinking about the game, he loses interest in both social relations and work and tends to ask or subtract money so that his relationship with others deteriorates as the problem progresses.
Reinsertion to the game is highly based on cognitive biases that are emphasized in pathological gambling. These skewed and erroneous thoughts are both risk factors that leave the behavior of pathological players (Becoña, 1998). Among the cognitive distortions we find:
– Illusion of control: Belief that the results of the game depend more on the activity itself than on chance (ex: I have a system to win).
– Luck as responsible for the results: Reference to personal luck as a predictive or explanatory factor of the game results (ex: I have a special luck).
– Superstitions: Accidental associations between a certain event or behavior and a prize, so that the player comes to believe that this event increases the probability of winning (ex: Echo the twenty coins in twenty because I think that way I have more chances to win).
– Predictions: Particular predictions about future results based on previous moves or a feeling or intuition (ex: Now I'm going to make money, because when many bananas leave …).
– Chance as a self-correcting process: Belief that the probability of a future event increases the longer the previous streak of the opposite event (ex: I have to be on the verge of winning because I have not won anything for a long time).
Becoña, E. (1998). Evaluation and treatment of pathological gambling. Encounters
overdevelopment agencies and their community-based approach. CPD de Cádiz
Lynn J. Dell, Mary F. Ruzicka & Anthony T. Palisi (1981) "Personality and Other
Factors Associated with the Gambling Addiction", International Journal of the Addictions, 16:1, 149-156, DOI: 10.3109/10826088109038817.
Nordqvist, Christian. "Gambling Addiction: Symptoms, Triggers, and
Treatment." Medical News Today, MediLexicon International, 19 June 2018, www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/15929.php.
C., Alvin, et al. "An Exploratory Study of Lottery Playing, Gambling Addiction and
Links to Compulsive Consumption." ACR North American Advances, 1 Jan. 1990, w.acrwebsite.org/search/view-conference-proceedings.aspx?Id=9828
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Lifestyle & Fashion News
Facebook open to solar plane-based internet services in India
Published on: 6 March 2015 6:54 pm
Social media giant Facebook is interested in testing internet services through solar-powered plane in India and other telecom connectivity technologies it is developing.
"We are really in development of technologies at connectivity lab. We are not yet launching any pilots. We will in the future, and we are entirely open to launching it in India because there is such a great opportunity in India to connect the unconnected," Facebook Vice President of Internet.org Chris Daniels told PTI.
He said the company is working on alternate internet technologies other than traditional ways of providing connectivity including solar planes and satellites.
"The reason why planes are interesting is that you can have solar powered planes that stay very high in the sky and provide connectivity. Plane can have broad area. That plane can be fuelled by the sun, does not need to have generator or physical infrastructure on the ground. That's potentially an attractive way through which we can provide connectivity," he said.
Facebook expects technologies to bring down the cost of internet significantly.
Web-based companies including Facebook that provide messenger and internet-based calling service have been at loggerheads with telecom operator as it is cutting in to their revenues.
Facebook is now attempting to make truce with telecom operators through its programme internet.org. Under this, it in partnership with telecom operators is providing free access to some basic websites to customers.
In India, Facebook launched internet.org with Reliance Communications.
"Internet.org is a customer acquisition tool. There is a 40 per cent increase in data customers for operators who have turned on internet.org. The fundamental thing that we can do to help operators is to bring them more paying customers.
That's the model which supports their business model and network roll out," Daniel said.
Telecom operators have been demanding that there should be revenue sharing model between web-based companies providing messaging and calling services as they invest massively on building network to provide connectivity to the people.
Daniel said such demand does not "make sense at higher level. People are paying for data when they find value in internet. We are trying to help them find value in internet."
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Solar Eclipse 2019: Surya Grahan at 10.25 pm IST on July 2 but not visible in India
Amazon Prime Day 2019: Kalank, Venom, Maharshi, NGK among 14 other movies to release on Amazon Prime from July 1
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International Yoga Day Wishes, Messages, Greetings, SMS for 2019: Inspirational Quotes, Whatsapp & Facebook Status, Yoga Day GIF Images
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Урсула Кребер-Ле Гуїн (; 21 жовтня 1929, Берклі, Каліфорнія — 22 січня 2018, Портленд, Орегон) — відома американська письменниця-фантаст, літературний критик і перекладачка фантастики. Лауреатка премії «Гросмейстер фантастики» за заслуги перед жанром (2001).

Урсула Ле Гуїн писала також віршовані твори, нефантастичні дитячі та інші книги, есе про літературу, однак найбільшої популярності набула як авторка романів і повістей у жанрах наукової фантастики та фентезі. Книги Ле Гуїн завжди чудові за стилем, в них авторка звертається до конфліктів і взаємодії різних культур, даосизму, анархізму, психологічних і соціальних тем. У пізніших роботах вона торкається також феміністської тематики (зокрема, в жанрі екофемінізму). Авторка є однією з найавторитетніших фантастів, лауреаткою кількох найвищих нагород в області наукової фантастики і фентезі (премія Г'юго, премія Неб'юла, премія Локус). Також відома як перекладачка з іспанської (зокрема творів Анхеліки Городішер).

Життєпис
Народилася 1929 року в Берклі, штат Каліфорнія, у родині відомого антрополога Альфреда Луї Кребера і письменниці Теодори Кребер. Перше оповідання написала у віці 11 років (журнал Astounding Science Fiction повернув оповідання авторці, відмовившись друкувати його). У 1951 році здобула ступінь бакалавра в коледжі Редкліф, у 1952 — захистила магістерську роботу в Колумбійському університеті на тему «Романтична література Середньовіччя та Відродження», спеціалізувалася на середньовічній романській літературі. Під час навчання у Франції у 1953 році познайомилася з істориком Чарльзом Ле Гуїном, одружилася з ним у тому ж році в Парижі.Діти — дві дочки і син. З 1958 року мешкала у місті Портленд, штат Орегон.

Урсула Ле Гуїн померла 22 січня 2018 року у своєму домі в Портланді у віці 88 років. ЇЇ син не повідомив причину смерті, але зазначив, що вона мала тяжкий стан здоров'я вже протягом декількох місяців.

Творчість

Стиль
Ле Гуїн відрізняється від інших письменниць фантастики насамперед гуманітарним ухилом, акцентом на соціологію й антропологію. Це особливо помітно в науково-фантастичних книгах так званого Гайнського циклу, об'єднаних темою культурної взаємодії планет у далекому майбутньому. Найпоказовішим щодо цього є роман «Знедолені» з підзаголовком «Неоднозначна утопія», який розповідає про цивілізацію, засновану на анархізмі.

Незважаючи на фантастичні деталі, книги Ле Гуїн — завжди про людину. Романи Гайнського циклу розповідають про конфлікти, взаємодію і взаємопроникнення відмінних одна від одної культур. Найчастіше ці культури мають незвичайні, часом екзотичні риси, і обігруючи цю незвичайність, авторка показує нам деякі сторони нашої власної культури. Прикладом може бути глибоке дослідження впливу статі на особистість, життя і сприйняття людини в книзі «Ліва рука темряви», протагоніст/ка якої — людина з планети, жителі якої можуть змінювати стать.

Світи Ле Гуїн переконливі, детальні, населені персонажами, головне в яких — їхні незмінні людські риси. На відміну від багатьох інших фантаст/ок, сюжети її книг — це дорослішання, подолання себе, пізнання або входження в іншу культуру, пошук відповіді на якесь питання в собі, а не перетворення світу поза собою. Так, наприклад, романи циклу про Земномор'я — «Чарівник Земномор'я» (1968), «Гробниці Атуану» (1971), «Останній берег» (1972) тощо — які стали класикою фентезі, можна читати як притчі про дорослішання, про зустріч з інакшістю, про життя і смерть, про злагоду з самими собою.

Кар'єра
Ранні твори, дія яких відбувається у вигаданій центральноєвропейській країні Орсинії, стилістично не належали до фантастики і не публікувалися, але мали значний вплив на подальшу творчість, зокрема збірку оповідань «Орсинійські історії» і роман «Малафрена». Першим опублікованим оповіданням Ле Гуїн було «Квітень в Парижі» («April in Paris»), журнал «Fantastic», 1962. Відтоді Ле Гуїн регулярно публікує фантастичні оповідання та повісті. Популярність приходить до неї в 1969 році після публікації роману «Ліва рука темряви», який здобув обидві найвищі премії англомовної фантастики — «Г'юго» та «Неб'юла».

Пам'ять
 На 33-й поштовій марці з серії «Літературні мистецтва» від Поштової служби США зображено портрет Ле Гуїн і фонова сцена з її роману «Ліва рука темряви»
 18 жовтня 2021 року Літературний траст Урсули Ле Гуїн (Ursula K. Le Guin Literary Trust) заявив про започаткування літературної нагороди з фантастики, названої її ім'ям (Ursula K. Le Guin Prize for Fiction), якою передбачається нагороджувати за опублікований у книжці твір художньої фантастики. Премія у 25 тисяч доларів буде вперше вручена 21 жовтня 2022 року, у день народження Ле Гуїн. Щоб мати право на участь, твори повинні бути опубліковані в США англійською мовою або в англійському перекладі. Передбачено, що у разі виграшу перекладеного твору приз буде розділено порівну між автором і перекладачем. Автор може виграти приз лише один раз за життя. Номінації відкриються 2 лютого 2022 року. Траст обере шорт-лист із номінантів, а журі визначить переможця. До складу журі 2022 року входять Адрієн Марі Браун, Беккі Чемберс, Моллі Глос, Девід Мітчелл і Луїс Альберто Урреа.

Бібліографія

Цикл про Земномор'я

Романи
 «Чарівник Земномор'я» (A Wizard of Earthsea), 1968
 «Гробниці Атуану» (Tombs of Atuan), 1971
 «Останній берег» (The Farthest Shore), 1972
 «Техану» (Tehanu), 1990
 «Інший вітер» (The Other Wind), 2001

Оповідання
 «Звільняюче закляття» (The Word of Unbinding), 1975
 «Правило імен» (The Rule of Names), 1975
 Збірка «Земноморські оповідання» (Tales from Earthsea), 2001
 Король планети Зима (Winter's King), 1969

Екранізації
 «Чарівник Земномор'я» — ігровий фільм, США, 2004
 «Сказання Земномор'я» — аніме студії «Гіблі» (Горо Міядзакі), 2006

Гайнський цикл (НФ)

Романи
 «Планета Роканнона» (Rocannon's World), 1966
 «Планета вигнання» (Planet of Exile), 1966
 «Місто ілюзій» (City of Illusions), 1967
 «Ліва рука темряви» (The Left Hand of Darkness), 1969
 «Знедолені» (The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia), 1974
 «Слово для світу — ліс» (The Word for World is Forest), 1976
 «Око чаплі» (The Eye of the Heron), 1978
 «Тлумачі» (The Telling), 2000

Збірки творів короткої форми
 «Чотири шляхи до прощення» (Four Ways to Forgiveness), 1995
 «День народження світу» (The Birthday of the World), 2002

Інша проза

Повісті
 «Різець небесний» (The Lathe of Heaven), 1971
 «Малафрена» (Malafrena), 1979
 «Завжди повертаючись додому» (Always Coming Home), 1985
 «Подарунки» (Gifts), 2004

Збірки оповідань
 «Дванадцять румбів вітру» (The Wind's Twelve Quarters), 1975
 «Орсиніські оповіді» (Orsinian Tales), 1976
 «Роза вітрів» (The Compass Rose), 1982
 «Дівчата Баффало, чи не бажаєте вийти вночі» (Buffalo Gals, Won't You Come Out Tonight)
 «Морський шлях» (Searoad), 1991
 «Рибалка з Внутрішнього моря» (A Fisherman of the Inland Sea), 1994
 «Відмикаючи повітря та інші оповідання» (Unlocking the Air and Other Stories), 1996
 «Зміна світів» (Changing Planes), 2003

Дитячі книги

Кішкокрилі
 «Кішкокрилі» (Catwings), 1988
 «Кішкокрилі повертаються» (Catwings Return), 1989
 «Чудесний Олександр і Кішкокрилі» (Wonderful Alexander and the Catwings), 1994
 «Як Джейн залишилася одна» (Jane on Her Own), 1999

Інше
 «Далеко звідусіль» (Very Far Away from Anywhere Else), 1976
 «Юшка» (Fish Soup), 1992
 «На рудій кобилі» (A Ride on the Red Mare's Back), 1992

Критика, есе
 «Мова ночі» (The Language of the Night), 1979, 1992
 «Танці на краю світу» (Dancing at the Edge of the World), 1989
 «Штурвал ремесла» (Steering the Craft), 1998 (about writing)
 «Уявна хвиля» (The Wave in the Mind), 2004

Поезія
 «Дикий овес та вогнеквіти» (Wild Oats and Fireweed), 1988
 «Вихідний з павичами» і інші вірші (Going Out with Peacocks and Other Poems), 1994

Переклади
 Дао де цзін, переклад і коментарі, 1997
 Анхеліка Городішер. «Кальпа Імперії». Переклад з ісп. (Kalpa Imperial), 2003
 Габріела Містраль. Обране. Переклад з ісп. (Selected Poems of Gabriela Mistral).

Нагороди та премії

Премія «Г'юго»
 1970: «Ліва рука темряви» (The Left Hand of Darkness), 1969 — Премія «Г'юго» за найкращий роман
 1973: «Слово для світу — ліс» (The Word for World is Forest), 1972 — Премія «Г'юго» за найкращу повість
 1974: «Ті, хто покидає Омелас» (The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas), 1973 — Премія «Г'юго» за найкраще оповідання
 1975: «Знедолені» (The Dispossessed), 1974 — Премія «Г'юго» за найкращий роман
 1988: «Дівчата Баффало, чи не бажаєте вийти вночі» (Buffalo Gals, Won't You Come Out Tonight), 1987 — Премія «Г'юго» за найкращу коротку повість
 2017: «Слова — це моя справа: Записки про життя та книги» (Words Are My Matter: Writings About Life and Books), 2000—2016 — Премія «Г'юго» за найкращу книгу про фантастику

Премія «Неб'юла»
 1970: «Ліва рука темряви» (The Left Hand of Darkness), 1969 — Премія «Неб'юла» за найкращий роман
 1975: «День перед революцією» (The Day Before the Revolution), 1974 — Премія «Неб'юла» за найкраще оповідання
 1975: «Знедолені» (The Dispossessed), 1974 — Премія «Неб'юла» за найкращий роман
 1991: «Техану: Остання книга Земномор'я» (Tehanu: The Last Book of Earthsea), 1990 — Премія «Неб'юла» за найкращий роман
 1996: «Самотність» (Solitude), 1994 — Премія «Неб'юла» за найкращу коротку повість
 2002: Меморіальна премія «Гросмейстер фантастики» імені Деймона Найта
 2009: «Сили» (Powers), 2007 — Премія «Неб'юла» за найкращий роман

Всесвітня премія фентезі
 1988: «Дівчата Баффало, чи не бажаєте вийти вночі» (Buffalo Gals, Won't You Come Out Tonight), 1987 — Всесвітня премія фентезі за найкращу повість
 1995: Всесвітня премія фентезі за досягнення упродовж життя (Life Achievement)
 2002: «Інший вітер» The Other Wind), 2001 — Всесвітня премія фентезі за найкращий роман

Меморіальна премія Джеймса Тіптрі-молодшого
 1994: «Проблема Сеггрі» (The Matter of Seggri), 1994 — оповідання
 1995: «Ліва рука темряви» (The Left Hand of Darkness), 1969 — ретроспективна премія
 1996: «Гірські шляхи» (Mountain Ways), 1996 — оповідання

Меморіальна премія імені Теодора Стерджона
 1995: «День прощення» (Forgiveness Day), 1994

Премія Локус
 1972: «Різець небесний» (The Lathe of Heaven), 1971 — Премія «Локус» за найкращий науково-фантастичний роман
 1975: «Знедолені» (The Dispossessed), 1974 — Премія «Локус» за найкращий науково-фантастичний роман
 1975: «День перед революцією» (The Day Before the Revolution), 1974 — Премія «Локус» за найкраще оповідання
 1976: «Нова Атлантида» (The New Atlantis), 1975 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу коротку повість
 1976: «Дванадцять румбів вітру» (The Wind's Twelve Quarters), 1975 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу авторську збірку
 1983: «Сур» (Sur), 1982 — Премія «Локус» за найкраще оповідання
 1983: «Роза вітрів» (The Compass Rose), 1982 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу авторську збірку
 1991: «Техану: Остання книга Земномор'я» (Tehanu: The Last Book of Earthsea), 1990 — Премія «Локус» за найкращий фентезійний роман
 1995: «День прощення» (Forgiveness Day), 1994 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу повість
 1996: «Чотири шляхи до прощення» (Four Ways to Forgiveness), 1995 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу повість
 1997: «Гірські шляхи» (Mountain Ways), 1996 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу коротку повість
 2001: «Тлумачі» (The Telling), 2000 — Премія «Локус» за найкращий науково-фантастичний роман
 2001: «День народження світу» (The Birthday of the World), 2000 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу коротку повість
 2002: «Шукач» (The Finder), 2001 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу повість
 2002: «Кістки Землі» (The Bones of the Earth), 2001 — Премія «Локус» за найкраще оповідання
 2002: «Оповіді Земномор'я» (Tales from Earthsea), 2001 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу авторську збірку
 2003: «Дикі дівчата»(The Wild Girls), 2002 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу коротку повість
 2004: «Пересадка» (Changing Planes), 2003 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу авторську збірку
 2005: «Хвилі розуму» (The Wave in the Mind), 2004 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу публіцистичну книгу
 2009: «Лавінія» (Lavinia), 2008 — Премія «Локус» за найкращий фентезійний роман
 2010: Cheek by Jowl: Essays, 2009 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу публіцистичну книгу
 2018: «Урсула К. Ле Гуїн: Гайнські романи та оповідання» (Ursula K. Le Guin: The Hainish Novels and Stories), 2017 — Премія «Локус» за найкращу авторську збірку

Екранізації

 «Різець небесний» — телевізійний фільм, США, 1980 (сама Ле Гуїн брала участь у масовках)
 «Різець небесний» — телевізійний фільм, США, 2002
 «Чарівник Земномор'я» — ігровий фільм, США, 2004
 «Оповіді Земномор'я» — аніме від Studio Ghibli (Горо Міядзакі), 2006

Переклади українською
 Романи
 Урсула Ле Гуїн. Чарівник Земномор'я (Земномор'я #1). Переклад з англійської: Анатолій Саган; ілюстрації: Яна Гавриш, Володимир Гавриша, Олег Кіналь. Тернопіль: НК-Богдан 2005. 205 стор. (Серія «Світовид») ISBN 966-692-809-4
 (передрук) Урсула Ле Гуїн. Чарівник Земномор'я (Земномор'я #1). Переклад з англійської: Анатолій Саган; ілюстрації: Наталія Клочкова. Київ: KM Books, 2017. 256 стор. (Серія «Земномор'я») ISBN 978-617-7409-33-4
 Урсула Ле Гуїн. Гробниці Атуану (Земномор'я #2). Переклад з англійської: Анатолій Саган; ілюстрації: Яна Гавриш, Володимир Гавриша, Олег Кіналь. Тернопіль: НК-Богдан 2006. 280 стор. (Серія «Світовид») ISBN 966-692-528-1
 (передрук) Урсула Ле Гуїн. Гробниці Атуану (Земномор'я #2). Переклад з англійської: Анатолій Саган; ілюстраці: Наталія Клочкова. Київ: KM Books, 2017. 232 стор. (Серія «Земномор'я») ISBN 978-617-7409-82-2
 Урсула Ле Гуїн. Останній берег (Земномор'я #3). Переклад з англійської: Анатолій Саган; ілюстрації: Яна Гавриш, Володимир Гавриша, Олег Кіналь. Тернопіль: НК-Богдан 2006. 400 стор. (Серія «Світовид») ISBN 966-692-636-9
 Урсула Ле Гуїн. Техану, (Земномор'я #4). Переклад з англійської: Анатолій Саган; ілюстрації: Яна Гавриш, Володимир Гавриша, Олег Кіналь. Тернопіль: НК-Богдан 2006. 400 стор. (Серія «Світовид») ISBN 966-692-638-5
 (перші 4 романи) Урсула Ле Гуїн. Чарівник Земномор'я (Земномор'я #1,2,3,4). Переклад з англійської: Анатолій Саган; ілюстраці: Яна Гавриш, Володимир Гавриша, Олег Кіналь. Тернопіль: НК-Богдан 2006. 672 стор. (Серія «Світовид») ISBN 966-692-809-4

Оповідання
 Урсула Ле Гуїн. Слово, що звільняє. Переклад з англійської: Алла Хандога. Київ: журнал «Всесвіт». // Всесвіт, 1991, № 8 — стор. 235—238
 Урсула Ле Гуїн. Історія моєї уяви. Переклад з англійської: Іван Яндола. Київ: журнал «Всесвіт». Всесвіт, 2011, № 3-4 — стор. 260—264
 Урсула Ле Гуїн. Ті, хто покидають Омелас. Переклад з англійської: Орися Божко. Київ: журнал «Всесвіт». // Всесвіт, 2011, № 7-8 — стор. 258—264

Див. також
 Феміністична наукова фантастика
 Список екофеміністичних авторок
 Меморіальна премія Джеймса Тіптрі-молодшого
 Жіноче письмо (літературна категорія)

Примітки

Джерела
 Н. І. Криницька. «Правило імені» у земноморському циклі Урсули Ле Гуїн: Антропонімія як онтопоетичний засіб.

 The Encyclopedia of Fantasy
 The Visual Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
 The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction

Посилання

 Урсула Ле Гуїн. Ті, хто покидають Омелас. «Всесвіт»

 Ursula K. Le Guin (AMERICAN AUTHOR)  // «Encyclopaedia Britannica»

Прозаїки США
Письменники-романісти США
Наукові фантасти США
Письменники фентезі США
Англомовні письменники-фантасти
Письменники-романісти XX століття
Письменники-романісти XXI століття
Автори любовної прози США
Критики-фантастикознавці США
Американські літературні критикині
Перекладачі фантастики
Лауреати премії «Дитмар»
Особи, включені до Залу слави фантастики
Лауреати премії «Локус»
Лауреати Всесвітньої премії фентезі
Лауреати премії «Неб'юла»
Лауреати премії «Г'юго»
Лауреати Меморіальної премії «Гросмейстер фантастики» імені Деймона Найта
Лауреати науково-фантастичної премії «Юпітер»
Лауреати Меморіальної премії імені Теодора Стерджона
Лауреати Меморіальної премії імені Джеймса Тіптрі-молодшого
Лауреати премії імені Курда Лассвіца
Лауреати премії «Ґендальф»
Лауреати Великої премії уяви
Письменники США XXI століття
Письменниці-фантастки
Письменниці-феміністки
Німці США
Автори нехудожньої літератури США XXI століття
Люди на марках
Померли від інфаркту міокарда

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Displaying items by tag: Menai Strait
First Minister of Wales Announces Purple Option for Third Menai Strait Crossing
#NewsUpdate - The First Minister of Wales, Carwyn Jones who visited Dun Laoghaire last week for the RMS Leinster centenary, the following day paid a visit to Anglesey in north Wales to announce the Purple option as the preferred route for the third Menai Strait (Afon Menai) crossing.
According to the Welsh Government the Purple option would see a new bridge constructed to the east of the existing Britannia Bridge. Additional facilities for pedestrians and cyclists will be included as part of the scheme.
An appraisal of the options revealed the Purple option provides the highest economic benefits, offers 'high' value for money and is the best performing in terms of highway alignment. It was also the most popular option of the public consultation with 25 per cent of respondents selecting it as their first choice.
As part of the next stages, a procurement exercise will take place to appoint Technical Advisors to develop the preliminary design and prepare for publication of draft Orders and an Environmental Statement.
Further analysis is also required as part of the next stage of development to determine which form of bridge is most suitable. The cost of the structure is dependent on this analysis.
First Minister Carwyn Jones said: "The A55 is important locally, nationally and internationally. It provides the main economic artery for North Wales and connects the region with the rest of Wales, the UK and Europe. (Afloat adds see related story on Brexit and the A55)
"The Britannia Bridge is the only section of the route which is single carriageway and we know this reduction in lanes leads to congestion at peak times and during the tourist seasons. There is very strong case for increasing capacity across the Menai and I am delighted the Welsh Government is taking action to address the issue.
"Based on the appraisal undertaken on the options, the Purple Option performs best and would be vital in improving journey times, strengthening the A55's resilience, and ensuring safer travel across the Menai Strait.
"It will also provide economic benefits and ensure the route is fit for purpose as traffic volume is expected to increase over the years to come."
For more on the development, click here.
Published in News Update
Holyhead Port, Anglesea
Menai Strait
3rd Bridge Crossing
RNLI To Play Big Part in Olympic Torch Relay
#OLYMPICS 2012 - The RNLI will play a "key role" during the Olympic torch relay ahead of the London games this summer, as Yachting and Boating World reports.
On 28 May the Olympic torch is set to visit Anglesey in north Wales, when it is taken along the Menai Strait on board the RNLI's Annette Mary Liddington.
The torch will again be carried by RNLI volunteers on 18 July when it is ferried to shore from a tall ship in Dover harbour aboard the all-weather lifeboat City of London II.
Dover RNLI's operations manager Roy Couzens said: "We are very much looking forward to being involved on the day – and believe me, when that torch is at sea in our lifeboat, it couldn't be in safer hands!"
The Olympic torch relay begins in Plymouth on 19 May and finishes at the Olympic Stadium on 27 July. Its two-month-long journey will take it throughout Britain and Northern Ireland, and includes a visit to Dublin on Wednesday 6 June.
An interactive map of the complete torch relay route is available on the official London 2012 website HERE.
Published in Olympics 2012
Annette Mary Liddington
City of London II
Dover RNLI
Roy Couzens
Work Begins to Eliminate Sea Squirts in North Wales
#MARINE WILDLIFE - Work on exterminating sea squirts at a marina in north Wales has begun.
The £250,000 (€301,000) project by the Countryside Council for Wales involves attaching giant bags to the subsurface structures around the marina in Holyhead, which is hoped will stop the clean flow of water to the sea squirts, causing them to suffocate and die.
Marine biologist Rohan Holt, who is managing the project, said: "If we successfully eradicate the sea squirt, we will work hard to make sure that it does not recolonise.
"This will mean careful monitoring in Holyhead marina and other marinas and popular mooring areas throughout Wales to check that it hasn't reappeared."
The sea creature threatens shellfish by spreading like a blanket across the seabed and other surfaces.
As previously reported on Afloat.ie, colonies of the invasive Japanese sea squirt are posing a throat to mussel and scallop bed in the Menai Strait between Anglesey and the mainland.
Boats from Ireland have been blamed for carrying the invasive pest into Holyhead.
The Daily Post has more on the story HERE.
sea squirt
Rohan Holt
Countryside Council for Wales
exterminating
Are Irish Boats Responsible for Welsh Sea Squirt Invasion?
#MARINE WILDLIFE - Colonies of the invasive Japanese sea squirt are posing a threat to mussels and scallops in north Wales - and Irish boats are to blame, according to the Daily Post.
http://www.afloat.ie/port-news/marine-wildlife/
http://www.dailypost.co.uk/news/north-wales-news/2011/11/04/plan-to-eliminate-invasive-sea-creature-on-anglesey-55578-29717149/
The sea creature - which threatens shellfish by spreading like a blanket across the seabed and other surfaces - has been discovered in Holyhead marina, allegedly carried in on the hulls of boats from Ireland.
http://afloat.ie/port-news/irish-marinas
And fears are growing that if the marine pest spreads to the Menai Strait, the effect on the local shellfish industry could be "disastrous".
To combat the problem once and for all, the Countryside Council for Wales will spend £250,000 of Welsh government funding on an extermination project at the marina, using plastic bags to smother the sea squirts and setting up quarantine facilities for incoming vessels.
The project is expected to be completed by the end of the year.
Mussel Dredgers Make a Fleeting Trawl of Dalkey Sound
Two mussel dredger-trawlers made a rare transit of Dalkey Sound, last Friday, writes Jehan Ashmore.
The sound which is located to the south of Dublin Bay is not used by commercial traffic but is frequented by pleasure-craft, local fishing boats from Dun Laoghaire. In addition to occasional traffic by the Irish Naval Service, Marine Institute research vessel RV Celtic Voyager, the GSI's RV Keary and foreign tall-ships.
Leading the pair of mussel dredgers was the Belfast registered Mytilus (B-449) named after the mussel species 'Mytilus edulis' and the Wexford registered Branding (WD-4A).
Mytilus in Dalkey Sound and in the backround Branding approaches from
Dublin Bay. Photo Jehan Ashmore/ShipSNAPS
The vessels were making a southerly direction as they headed across Dublin Bay towards Dalkey Island. Mytilus lowered a mussel cage bucket into the sound which was dragged on two separate occasions over a short distance running parallel between the island and the coast.
The operation was all too brief as the Mytilus then proceeded into Killiney Bay followed closely astern by Branding. Upon entering the neighbouring bay, both vessels conducted dredging activity before continuing south beyond Bray Head.
Mussel grounds are located throughout certain hotspots in the Irish Sea and earlier this month, it is reported that there was a notable increase in mussel dredgers in Bangor, Northern Ireland. The dredgers were the Mytilus and Branding which berthed at the Co. Down harbour after a lengthy period of relative inactivity.
Mytilus was built in The Netherlands by Scheepwerf Van Os Yerseke B.V. and appeared in an episode of the successful BBC TV series 'Coast'. At the time of the broadcast she was registered at Beaumaris, Anglesey and was seen working in the northern approaches of the Menai Straits. The fishery grounds are ideally suited for the growing processes required in farmed mussel production.
Branding was also built by a Dutch shipyard, Kooieman in 1988 and her design is typical of the mussel dredgers based in Wexford. The market for mussels is mainly from the northern European countries of Belgium, France and the Netherlands.
Published in Fishing
naval service
Dublin Bay News
Ports and Shipping News
RV Celtic Voyager
TallShips
RV Keary
Geological Survey of Ireland
Mussel dredgers
Mussel trawlers
Mytilus
Dalkey Sound
BBC TV series 'Coast'
Belfastregistered
Wexfordregistered
Dutchbuilt
Mussel markets
Killiney Bay
Bray Head


Siem Reap in north-western Cambodia is a typical resort town. It is also the gateway to Angkor, which has the "Angkor Wat" the famous well preserved ancient Hindu temple as well as the ruins of many intricate stone structures around the main temple.
It is here, located at this prime tourist destination of Cambodia, that the Angkor Palace Resort, is located. It is one of the better known luxury hotels of Siem Reap. The outstanding feature of the architecture of this resort is that it is designed and built indigenously by the Cambodians; therefore it depicts the traditional architecture of the country and reflects the luxury which is befitting of dignitaries and royalty.
Constructed over an area of almost 11 hectares, it has a tranquil and serene setting which ensures a memorable experience for the guests.
The Angkor Palace Resort has 260 rooms. These are large and spacious and reflect the authentic Cambodian culture. This will give you an opportunity to immerse yourself fully in the Cambodian customs, tradition and seep in the Khmer artistry and architecture. There is a very strong ambience that reflects upon the lifestyle of the famed ancestors involved in building the entire Angkor Temples complex more than 500 years ago.
This resort provides its guests the welcome escape from the hustle and bustle of Siem Reap. A stay in The Angkor Palace Resort set in the midst of gardens offers peace, tranquil and privacy.
As soon as you walk into the rooms, you will be struck by the richness of the teak furniture and a rich aura of furnishings cast in the warm hues of yellow and orange that invokes a sense of calmness and serenity. Despite the touch of historical charm, the suites, villas and rooms are equipped with all the modern amenities essential for a tourist including the free Wi-Fi.
The in-house "Sunset Café" has some very innovative cuisine choices accompanied with an array of fine wines. The Angkor Palace Resort caters to all tastes and offers a variety of international as well as local cuisines to satisfy everyone. However, if you really wish to get a taste of the real Cambodia, it makes sense try out the local menu and sample the different dishes the traditional Khmer dining has to offer. You will be amazed at the blend of rich South-east Asian spices in the cuisine.
The Pool Bar is another place where the guests can try out cold beverages and a variety of scrumptious snacks of local variety or gorge at the pastries in the Club Lounge.
Many tourists will agree to the fact that the adventure doesn't necessarily end up at the temples; after spending a long day out in the Cambodian sun, indulging in cocktails at the hotel Lounge while being entertained by the local artists is a cool, relaxing activity which marks a perfect end to a wonderful day.
The tranquil experience of your stay makes The Angkor Palace Resort an ideal destination for your getaway to the East.


text:
Midtown keeps its momentum despite the recession
Business // Real Estate (Prime Property)
REAL ESTATEMomentum in Midtown
Nancy Sarnoff, Copyright 2009 Houston Chronicle
1of5A bricklayer works on the outside wall of the $39 million Camden Travis Street apartment complex, which is is one of the largest projects in the Midtown area.MAYRA BELTRAN :/CHRONICLEShow MoreShow Less
2of5This apartment complex is going up behind the Crosspoint retail and office project. amden Travis is a $39 million dollar apartment complex under construction along Travis despite the recession on Wednesday, July 1, 2009 in Houston, TX. ( Mayra Beltran / Chronicle )MAYRA BELTRAN :/CHRONICLEShow MoreShow Less
4of5Ground has been broken for the New Orleans-style La Maison in Midtown. The bed and breakfast is at 2800 Brazos.LA MAISON IN MIDTOWNShow MoreShow Less
The recession seems to have forgotten about Midtown.
A drive around the neighborhood reveals forgotten buildings undergoing restoration and new apartments being framed.
This area between the Central Business District and the Texas Medical Center began its transformation in the late 1990s when Post Properties built an upscale apartment complex above street-level retail that's attracted sidewalk cafes and boutiques. A tax increment reinvestment zone formed in 1995 has helped fuel development by pumping money into the area's infrastructure.
Matt Stovall, vice president of Midtown property owner Crosspoint Properties, said inquiries to lease office space in the company's commercial buildings are on the rise.
The interest, Stovall said, is from architecture firms, ad agencies and other design-oriented businesses that like Midtown's central location and proximity to restaurants and residential neighborhoods.
These kinds of companies are part of the "creative class ... a mixture of people who appreciate the arts, history, who work in those fields and who don't want to be necessarily in mainstream corporate America," he said.
"In terms of businesses, they want to differentiate themselves from the mainstream corporate image," Stovall said.
Serious customers
Crosspoint, which has restored several of Midtown's 1950s-era buildings into modern shopping centers, said calls for retail space are down. But those that are picking up the phone are serious.
The company is renovating the old Knights of Columbus building at Louisiana and Dennis and has signed a lease with Ruby Tequila's Mexican Kitchen to take space there. The restaurant will open in September.
Deals in the works
The first phase of Crosspoint's multiblock development around Elgin and Louisiana called The Mix houses an urban 24 Hour Fitness health club. The rest of the space has been sitting vacant, but there are deals in the works, which Stovall said will be announced soon.
"A lot of deals were done a year ago or more, and it just takes time for tenants to get their financing in some cases," he said. "The current economy slows that process down."
Houston attorney Genora Boykins was able to persuade a lender to finance a roughly $2 million bed and breakfast called La Maison in Midtown that has broken ground at 2800 Brazos.
"It was a little challenging early on in the process," Boykins said. "The thing that made the difference is we really didn't give up on the vision we have."
The amount of real estate activity in the area helped too, she said. One of the largest projects is a $39 million apartment complex being developed on Travis by local developer Camden Property Trust. It's going up just behind the Crosspoint retail and office project that houses acclaimed restaurant Reef.
Evoking New Orleans
Boykins and her business partner, Sharon Owens, plan to open their B&B in next year's first quarter.
The seven-room property will be in a three-story build-ing designed to evoke New Orleans-style architecture. Rooms will run from about $175 to as much as $300 for one of the two suites.
nancy.sarnoff@chron.com
Nancy Sarnoff
Reach Nancy on
Nancy Sarnoff covered commercial and residential real estate for the Houston Chronicle. She also hosted Looped In, a weekly real estate podcast about the city's most compelling people and places. Nancy is a native of Chicago but has spent most of her life in Texas.


Dance domes disco domes moonwalk rentals in the Atlanta Georgia area.
"The Dance Dome" is great for the winter months. Please reserve very very early for this item. We only have two and they are booking quickly!


text:
Acadian Central Labor Council, AFL-CIO
Union Member Benefits
We Need a Better NAFTA
The new NAFTA is another corporate handout. It won't stem the outsourcing of good jobs or protect the rights of working people. Tell Congress the new NAFTA isn't good enough and to refuse to vote on it.
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The new NAFTA is another corporate handout. It won't stem the outsourcing of good jobs or protect the rights of working people. Tell Congress the new NAFTA isn't good enough.
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Recently introduced legislation would provide needed protections for health care and social services workers from violence on the job. Tell Congress to support an OSHA workplace violence standard.
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Conceded: the sun was already below the horizon when it did all this to the sky the other day. Say it set ten or fifteen minutes earlier, around 5:30 PM.
5:30's not bad. Really. We don't have to pay any attention to that groundhog behind the curtain: spring is coming.
Still have to wear a coat, though.. . .


text:
Eugene (OR) SWAT Safety Fail
Mar 13, 2012 |
registerguard.com has a story on a $600k lawsuit brought by Officer Brian Hagen against the city of Eugene, Oregon. Hagen says he was punished for raising safety concerns about the city's SWAT team. Testifying in court, Hagen and two brother officers "described two instances in the 1990s in which a SWAT officer shot himself in the foot with a machine gun and a sniper's weapon discharged through the floor of an armored police vehicle, as well as a 2007 incident in which a SWAT officer's weapon discharged into the ground as he was putting it away in his vehicle. Hagen testified that he was so close to that discharge that his ears rang for several hours afterward . . . Another time, he testified, he heard SWAT team members joking about a sergeant's gun accidentally discharging when he was trying to fire off a flash grenade." It gets worse . . .
Sgt. Thomas Schulke said he was also kicked off SWAT for raising the alarm on firearms safety.
Schulke refused to call the unintended weapon firings accidents, saying some SWAT team members showed less proficiency at gun safety "than a teenager coming out of a hunter's safety class."
"Their guns were pointed in the wrong direction at times, the safety was off, the status was not known," he said. "They were negligent in not following basic firearms skills."
He recounted participating in a training exercise in which officers lined up to prepare to search a building.
"Everyone was ready to go, and I looked around and saw a machine gun pointed at the back of my head," Schulke testified. "I confronted him, and he said, 'That's how we do it.' I got out of the exercise and went to the captain and complained."
Schulke also described the Eugene Police Department as having a culture in which officers were mocked for raising safety concerns.
TTAG has highlighted the dangers of a militarized police force on many occasions. Add SWAT safety and proficiency to the list.
Think of it this way: if the Eugene SWAT team is creating and dismissing negligent discharges during training, what's their firearms safety like during a no-kock raid? While society needs properly trained and equipped law enforcement, we can't afford this type of over-the-top gung-ho policing. On any level.
John D says:
While I know what you really mean to say, The "Military Mindset" has never, nor does it now, allow for such capricious weapons handling. The "militarization" of American Police forces is indeed, despicable, but the Eugene PD seems more to be a bunch of "Barnies"- very dangerous Barnies indeed.
Fair enough. Text amended.
When the state grants one group of people essentially unquestioned power of life and death over people they become progressively move casual about exercising it. I don't have any statistics but I'm guessing you can count on one hand the number of times police "officers" are punished for killing "civilians".
My first thought was these guys will need 3 or more rounds to kill the dog when they enter. Sorry for my twisted sense of humor. Over all, this is indeed scray, especially when the guy that points out the lack of safety gets punished. They may not all be Barneys, but sure sounds like the commander is a Barney. Institutionalized poor safety comes from the top down.
theaton says:
"no-kock"
That's a pretty good definition of a SWAT team 🙂
"Dr."Dave says:
From what I saw in the video, they look like clowns.
VA Pete says:
"… what's their firearms safety like during a no-kock raid?"
Are you calling them dickless wonders? 😉
I swear to God, I've never seen another group of people so saturated with "Mall Ninjas" than SWAT teams in general and small town SWAT teams specifically. And this is coming from someone who hangs out on gun blogs and forums all day.
I mean SERIOUSLY, a ghille suit? Full battle rattle and an M-4? A F#[email protected] APC?
Who and where do these guys think they are? Delta Force in an Iranian nuke facility?
[/rant]
I agree with you, Derek. It's a question of inadequate training or inappropriate training. Upper management and policy people should be able to do something about this.
Ropingdown says:
This bit isn't a joke, but a serious problem. Skillful communications and perimeter management have apparently been de-emphasized. The reason these guys too often end up acting like mall ninjas is specifically because they are NOT military. They are not going up against a well-armed adversary in an environment full of threats and they know it. Rather they are generally being tasked to approach a very localized and immobile threat such as a high-risk warrant. More capable weapons demand greater alertness and safety, not less. Having a safety off inside a vehicle (chopper, APC) except when returning fire is unbelievable. They don't value the lives of their buds? Then how about the threat of lawsuits and therefore taxpayer losses? This is entirely a supervisory failure, and that's where the blame and penalties should fall.
Greg in Allston says:
They're the best of the best and they're playing by Big Boy Rulz. What's the problem?
Laugh.
AT least no dogs were harmed during the making of these cluster f^cks.
Probably cut the wounded dog footage.
travis m. says:
last paragraph: "what's their firearms safety like during a no-kock raid?"
Well, I guess instead of having guns pointed at a fellow officer's head, they point it at the crotch.
Michael B. says:
Police cosplaying as soldiers, but with real guns and ammo. Scary.
"what's their firearms safety like during a no-kock raid?"
Maybe they will all shoot each other?
Matt Gregg says:
Why are these retards kitted out like they're an SF ODG getting ready to embark on a 3 week long foot patrol through contested territory?
SWAT to my understanding is supposed to be like bringing a nuke to a knife fight when employed, they resolve the situation with over-whelming force and rapid dominance tactics then cuff the baddies and GTFO. If they're in a hostage or other type of siege situation one would assume them to have the kind of logistical and strategic superiority to establish supply lines so shouldn't they move fast and light? Why does this fuck-tard have an assault pack and a damn ghillie suit? IF they are going into some serious army type shit then where is the other moron's fucking kevlar head-cover?
pair-o-dee says:
I liked the full backpack. Or was it a flamethrower?
embarassing…completely embarassing. perhaps they should spend a month retraining with the LAPD or FBI HRT.
Or maybe, militarized police forces within our borders should be eliminated!
allthelivelongday says:
If they are that careless with their own lives, imagine how much less careful they would be with the lives of others. BTW, nothing wrong with police using military equipment and tactics in specialized situations. The problem is that they are having significant difficulties remembering that there is a constitution and bill of rights and that that 99% of the people they deal with are law abiding, upstanding citizens, who would come to their aid at a moments notice.
They, are making themselves the enemy in many locales. Then there are the cover-ups that ensue every time they shoot an innocent but that would simply indicate that contempt of the citizen and corruption extends well past the uniform level. In fact I would contend that those people actually like the fact that they now have the ability to project force as they desire and get away with it.
Why bother with safety when you have immunity?
revjen45 says:
The approach was as stealthy as a NASCAR race.
Above post "…that 99% of the people they deal with are law abiding, upstanding citizens, who would come to their aid at a moments notice. " No, anybody with good sense would GFOD with all possible alacrity. I would be terrified to be within range when these "operators" swing into action. From the video it was only by the grace of God that no peons or dogs were harmed.
tmuir says:
I guess I should be happy that no one called the ATF.
Blog This says:
Sad that some of the EPD SWAT best shots were when they shot themselves. Their "Commander," Lt Jen Bills has never spent one day as a SWAT officer, or even as a field training officer, before she took command of SWAT. And during times when the city is cutting services left and right due to budget cuts, EPD SWAT spends money on equipment and training like it falls out of trees. Just ask the chief what the exact SWAT budget is and see if he can give an honest answer. I wonder if the EPD commanders will be investigated for their sworn statements during the Hagen trial. Even if it is a civil trial, they gave contradicting, if not questionable, statements while representing the police department. The fix will be to promote Lt Jen Bills to Captain, and then punish the other K-9 officers that testified for Hagen.
NCG says:
Don't you guys know that Eugene is full of Hippies? And one thing I've learned from TTAG is that Hippies and other suspect types deserve to die. So quit your wussy bitchin' about safety. Kill those hippies!


The Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC) was an American committee formed in 1985 by four women: Tipper Gore, wife of Senator and later Vice President Al Gore; Susan Baker, wife of Treasury Secretary James Baker; Pam Howar, wife of Washington realtor Raymond Howar; and Sally Nevius, wife of Washington City Council Chairman John Nevius. They were known as the "Washington wives" — a reference to their husbands' connections with the federal government. The Center eventually grew to include 22 directors.
I don't know who put this together but it's totally inspired. Music track: "Bobby Brown" by Frank Zappa.


text:
Workshop Presenters
PNC Speakers
2020 ANM Workshop Videos
Platcom hearings
Biographies of workshop presenters
Chris Blankenhorn
Chris Blankenhorn is a former Green Party US Co-Chair, Current Illinois Green Party Secretary, and Vice Chair of the Young Ecosocialists Education Committee.
Joe Bongiovanni
Joe is from the Green Party of Virginia and is a second-generation monetary reformer, studying money systems with his father for over 40 years. Joe serves on the Board of the Coventry Clean Energy Corporation. and is the co-founder and Director of the Kettle Pond Institute for Debt-free Money in Vermont. Joe is also on the Board of Directors of the Alliance For Just Money, Inc., and Chair its Legal Action Committee His deep background in money system understandings makes him an outspoken leader of this modern movement for Public Money.
David co-founded the Green Party of Texas, managed the Nader 2000 campaign there and in 2002 ran for Attorney General of Texas. In 2004, he was the Green Party nominee for President, forcing a recount in Ohio that helped launch the Election Integrity movement. In 2010, co-founded Move To Amend, a campaign for a constitutional amendment to abolish "corporate personhood". Iin 2016, served as the campaign manager for the Stein/Baraka presidential campaign. David works at Cooperation Humboldt and serves on the Board of Directors of the US Solidarity Economy Network and the Collaborative Design Council of Transition US.
Trahern Crews
Trahern Crews is an activist with Black Lives Matter of Minnesota who has been a champion racial justice issues since 2013. Mr. Crews is the Chair of the Green Party of the United States Reparations Working Group, The Green Party of Minnesota and one of the Co Chairs of the Green Party of the United States. He is currently working with some members of the Saint Paul City Council on the Saint Paul Recovery act which is designed to secure reparations for the American Descendants of Slavery who reside in Saint Paul Minnesota.
Philena Farley
Philena Farley is the Treasurer of the Ohio Green Party & National Black Caucus . She has served as campaign treasurer for 2018 gubernatorial candidate Constance Gadell-Newton, and has volunteered and served in other capacities within the local county committees and National Black Caucus. She is also currently a delegate to the Green Party's National Committee and a member of the National Media & Outreach Committees. She has also the Webmaster for Ohio Greens. She currently uses CiviCRM.
Mike Feinstein
Mike Feinstein is a co-founder of the Green Party of California, a former co-chair of the Green Party US (GPUS) and a former Green Mayor and City Councilmember in Santa Monica, California.
Since 1994 Feinstein has tracked and maintained the list of Greens running for public office across the United States. Today he does that work as Co-administrator of the GPUS Elections Data Base and as an advisor to the GPUS Coordinated Campaign Committee.
Margaret Flowers
Margaret Flowers is co-director of Popular Resistance and co-host of Clearing the FOG Radio. Flowers traveled on peace delegations to Iran and Venezuela last year and is a member of the Embassy Protection Collective that prevented the Venezuelan Embassy in Washington, DC from being taken over as a part of a US-backed coup attempt. She is active with the Sanctions Kill campaign and the Peace Congress. Flowers is an outgoing national Green Party co-chair, a national delegate for Maryland and on the Maryland Green Party Coordinating Committee.
Holly participates in local elections and policy, and ballot access. Her work has involved petitioning, event planning and media. Holly coordinated ballot petitioning in her state for Greens in presidential races (2000 to present), and assisted with ballot paperwork nationwide for several campaigns. Holly was included as the sole Green Party member as a panelist on a program featuring women in electoral politics, presented by the University of Iowa Women's Resource and Action Center.; and has served on IA Secretary of State's Voting/HAVA Task Force.
Haig Hovaness
Haig Hovaness, is a member of the Green Party of New York.
He also serves Secretary of the Green Party Peace Action Committee (GPAX).
Hillary Kane
Hillary Kane is the Treasurer of the Green Party of the United States and a member of the Coordinated Campaign Committee. She has served as campaign treasurer for three different candidates, and has volunteered and served in other capacities with several other prior Green Party campaigns. She is also currently a delegate to the Green Party's National Committee and a member of the GPUS Finance and Fundraising Committees. She has also served as Chair of the Green Parties of both Philadelphia and Pennsylvania.
Margaret Kimberley
Margaret Kimberley is Editor and Senior Columnist at Black Agenda Report and a New York state Green Party member. Ms. Kimberley serves on the Administrative Committee of the United National Antiwar Coalition (UNAC) and the Coordinating Committee of Black Alliance for Peace. She is the author of Prejudential: Black America and the Presidents, which was published in February 2020. She wrote Cooperation Humboldt and the Solidarity Economy in Common Dreams in April 2020.
Michael O'Neil
Michael works in communications and strategy for the Green Party of the United States and the Green Party of New York. He has contributed to the National Coalition Against Censorship and the radical performance community Reverend Billy and the Church of Stop Shopping.
Michael has served as staff on eco-socialist electoral campaigns in New York and in 2016 was hired as the Assistant to the Campaign Manager of the Jill Stein/Ajamu Baraka campaign, co-managing the campaign's Brooklyn, NY office and producing events and livestreams. He resides in Syracuse, NY.
Sue Peters
Sue Peters is a Green Party of New York member of the Banking and Monetary Reform committee. She has had a 37-year career in technology. Her last 17 years was spent working for a Wall Street bank. She's been an active member of several monetary reform groups. She has given many public talks on the subject and spent over two years teaching a class on the book, THE LOST SCIENCE OF MONEY, by Stephen Zarlenga. Last spring Sue spent five months researching and writing a paper on the topic, Debt Drives War and War Drives Debt, soon to be up on the website of the American Monetary Institute.
AJ Reed
AJ (they/them) has worked on Green Party political campaigns since 2008, where they served roles; such as Media Coordinator, Advisor, and Campaign Manager. AJ also served as City Commissioner for the City of Sterling in Illinois as well as the Whiteside County Green Party Chair from 2008-2010.
Howard Switzer
Howard Switzer is a Tennessee architect and ecological design consultant. He ran for Governor of Tennessee twice and for Congress once and co-founded the "Moving the Money to Main Street Campaign" adopted by the Green Party US in 2007. He is a founding member of the Green Party of Tennessee, the Green Party of the United States, and the Banking and Monetary Reform Committee of GPUS.
Rich Whitney
Rich Whitney is one of the founding members of the Illinois Green Party and currently serves as its co-chair. He is also an active participant in the Green Party Peace Action Committee, the Peace Coalition of Southern Illinois, the Chicago Committee Against War and Racism, the United National Antiwar Coalition, and the Illinois Coalition Against Fracking. He is also a Green public official, serving as Vice-Chair for the Jackson County Mass Transit District.
Kevin Zeese
Kevin Zeese is a public interest lawyer who has worked for economic, racial and environmental justice. He co-directs PopularResistance.org which works to build the independent movement for transformational change. Zeese is an election integrity advocate who a co-founded TrueVote Maryland which led a successful campaign to end the use of paperless voting machines in the state. He has challenged the activities of the national Chamber of Commerce through StopTheChamber.org, as well as the activities of Karl Rove's Americans Crossroads as part and seeking to overturn the Citizen's United decision, including filing complaints against Justice Clarence Thomas, as part of ProtectOurElections.org.