text:
Q: putIfAbsent can have more then one key? I have this putIfAbsent, can I have 3 keys in a putIfAbsent? For example _items.putIfAbsent((product.named, color, size)
_items.putIfAbsent((product.named),() => CartItem(
          name: product.named,
          price: product.priced,
          quantity: count,
          image: product.imaged,
          cor: cor,
          tamanho: tamanho,
        ),
      );

I wanted 3 keys to be able to make a selection, if the product doesn't have the same name, size and color. Added a new product to the list (for example, with a different color than the existing product)

A: What you need is a Set<CartItem> instead of a list with CartItem overriding the == method like this:
@override
bool operator ==(Object other) {
  if (other is! CartItem) return false;
  return this.color == other.color
    && this.name == other.name
    && this.size == other.size;
}

Of course we need to override the hashCode method aswell (thanks to Randal Schwartz for the remark):
@override
int get hashCode => Object.hash(this.name, this.color, this.size);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"Matthew is THE only person I could listen to for two days straight and NEVER get bored or disinterested or anything other negative adverb I could think of. He knows his stuff and communicates it well and with passion.
I absolutely loved going through Matthew's portfolio and feeling inspired by his designs. I found this to be the biggest takeaway from his class. I gained a lot of styling ideas have also become more of a risk taker in my designs as a result of this class.


This is the measure for percentage of patients with adverse events observed during the trial. The incidence of AEs (% of patients) over the course of the trial, including the incidence of serious AEs, AEs leading to discontinuation, and fatal AEs are presented.
Pregnant women or women who are breast feeding or of child bearing potential not using two effective methods of birth control (one barrier and one highly effective non-barrier) for at least 1 month prior to Visit 2 and/or not committing to using it until 3 months after end of treatment.
Crestani B, Huggins JT, Kaye M, Costabel U, Glaspole I, Ogura T, Song JW, Stansen W, Quaresma M, Stowasser S, Kreuter M. Long-term safety and tolerability of nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: results from the open-label extension study, INPULSIS-ON. Lancet Respir Med. 2019 Jan;7(1):60-68. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30339-4. Epub 2018 Sep 14.


A family's decision to place a loved one in a nursing home can be an extremely emotional time for everyone involved. Investigating a nursing home's reputation and record should be a top priority; however, the results do not guarantee that your loved one will not experience negligence from the staff. National headlines continue to report on elder abuse and nursing home negligence. Seattle residents are not immune to this horrific pitfall.
Ensure that your loved one receives a comprehensive medical assessment prior to moving into a nursing home facility to give you and the caretakers a baseline for their current health conditions. Worsening conditions could indicate a red flag. Communication is the key; make every effort to keep lines of communication open.
Allow the staff to know you and your loved one by developing a relationship with the staff on each shift. This will also make the staff aware that you will be following up with the care that is being given to your loved one.
Visit at varying times of the day and night; different days of the week at various times during the day will give you more insight to the overall care offered.
Develop a written care plan and hold the staff accountable to staying in line with that plan. Seattle nursing homes should insist upon having a written, daily plan.
Reporting a problem to the head of the facility should never generate retaliation towards the patient. Ensure that the nursing home can receive complaints with a positive outcome when you follow proper protocol for implementing a change or documenting your concerns.
Educating yourself and your family will add an extra line of defense against Seattle Nursing Home Negligence. If you believe your loved one has fallen victim to this type of abuse, contact the Savage Law Firm for a free consultation today. We want to advocate for you and your family.


Served with sesame cheese straws.
Filled with fruits and berries, placed on a contrast of fruit coulis.
Served with an orange and walnut salad drizzled with bramble vinigrette dressing.
A tower of crab, prawns and smoked salmon, served with lemon mayonnaise, cucumber taglietelle and tossed salad leaves.
Sauteed with lardons of bacon, port wine cream and garlic, placed in a pastry case.
Sauteed in Cider and cream ,topped with aspargus tips .
Garnished with asparagus tips in a tarragon cream, topped with cherry vine tomatoes and parmesan shavings.
Wrapped in pancetta, with an apple and sage stuffing, sliced on to a bed of leeks with cider gravy.
Baked in a pastry lattice with spinach, a hint of pickled ginger and a lemon dill hollandaise.
Main courses served with dauphinoise potaoes and bowls of fresh vegetables.
Served in a brandy snap basket garnished with fresh fruit and warm choclate sauce.
With winter berry compote and shortbread biscuits.
A selection of English cheese.
course as some of our dishes contain nuts.


Is France an attractive destination for riders?
We are developing a French-based travel agency providing motorcycle tours to international riders on vintage BMW (In France).
How attractive is France for you as a place to ride and visit?
Which region/ part of France do you like the most?
Which region/ part would you be curious to visit and get to know the culture of?
Re: Is France an attractive destination for riders?
Would it be possible for you to tell us a bit more?
the roads are obviously a great attraction and there are so many regions but one i like that is not always on people list is the Vosege but so many more, French Alps, Pyrennes, etc. there is also the fact there are so many quiet roads and drivers seem more aware of bikers and take greater care. I also like the culture/way of life of the French.
Every French region has got good reasons to be visited.
1- There are already a few outfits catering to foreign visitors and offering tours or rental of classic bikes (one of them has a stable of Z900 and Z1000). I think there is even one doing it with airheads in Southern France, although I don't know if they are still in business.
2- There are a few more that went bust, because the revenue is just not there.
3- You can't cover the whole of the country for reasons we will nor expand on here and now, and you obviously have undertood that part. So that leaves you with what Americans and Japanese tourists know best: Paris and the Riviera. Anywhere else would be risky business imho.
4- True European riders like to take their own bikes to travel, and distances here are really short. Relatively to, say, the US, where in a day you would still be within the boundaries of the same state, here you will have crossed four borders.
My hunch is that again, Americans might represent the bulk of your clientele. Refer to 3). Will that be enough to sustain such an business with its significant upfront investment?
5- The weather from November to May could be harsh, wherever you are in France. That certainly narrows down your yearly window of operations.
But all the best in your endeavor.
I love the central part of France and spent a happy time touring around Auxerre some years ago. The people are so chilled and helpful and I love the simplicity of village life.
One of the benefits for me would be to use a bike and get advice on local laws and road regulations. These are changing in all countries pretty constantly and it is easy to fall foul of on-the-spot fines etc.
Another valuable thing would be that my wife would no longer ride pillion to France but going in the car and then touring round on a classic might appeal to her.


text:
Home/News/Devoured livestock for 80 years .. Hunting the largest crocodile ever
Devoured livestock for 80 years .. Hunting the largest crocodile ever
According to the newspaper "Daily Mail", the length of the crocodile is more than four meters, while the weight of the animal is about 410 kilograms.
This alligator was caught in southern Florida after it has been preying on livestock in the area for eighty years.
The fisherman was able to find the crocodile in a private lake after he shot him in the head, using a "STW" rifle.
After the crocodile was hit in the head, the animal was pulled out of the lake, in a hunt described as "exciting".
At a later stage, the hunter placed the crocodile's head on the wall as a decoration to remind him of his unforgettable hunting trip, while the meat was processed.
And when the hunter posted the photo on social platforms, it got a wide interaction, and the animal's photos were shared thousands of times.
But the images of these animals in the hands of hunters are not only admirable, they sometimes generate indignation, especially among animal rights activists.
Activists criticize the practice of killing animals for entertainment, or taking their parts as decoration, while there is no need to eat their meat or benefit from it vitally.
But defenders of crocodile hunting say that the hunter did a favor, as long as he rid the farmers of the animal that preys on livestock.
Early warning of "Omicron" infection. You can hear it with your ears
Man's body found on Bulgarian border
Muslim country criticism at the Islamic Union Congress: 'Prisons are overflowing'
THY did not listen to the ban, the number of passengers increased
They deserve more of those insults
The last of them is Sherine.. Marriage and divorce rumors are chasing celebrities
Kurt Zouma, a football player who abused his cat, admitted his guilt
Reaction to the policies of the government that could not prevent the deterioration in the economy: 'Gospel inflation'
President Erdogan to open 12 billion dollars in Şanlıurfa
LAST MINUTE | President of the United Arab Emirates dies
The law containing the improvement of the financial rights of health workers is published in the Official Gazette.
Ahmed Hassan bids farewell to Konyaspor
The mystery of the murder in Ataşehir was opened
Smuggled drugs kill 10 children at a hospital in Yemen
Allegations about Ankara City Hospital moved to the Parliament
Iran's nuclear nuclear… Positions of Tehran and Washington "remain far apart"
AKP member saying 'I'm looking for a job' became the agenda on social media
Last minute: New development in the THODEX case! Flash decision for Crypto Fatih
Finland's call to accelerate NATO membership: We are ready for consultations with Turkey – Last Minute World News
Saudi Foreign Minister: Lebanon needs to move towards reform
Trudeau considers protests against Corona measures "non-peaceful"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Estimates from AAA suggest that this weekend will see more travelers than for any Memorial Day weekend in the last decade. More than 4.4 million Californians will travel at least 50 miles between Thursday and Monday this year. It is an increase of 4.6 percent from last year. The majority of those travelers will go by car on California roadways. AAA estimates 3.7 million car travelers this weekend. That is a 5.5 percent increase. So many additional travelers will likely lead to an increase in traffic related accidents, including car, truck and motorcycle crashes.
While flying brings its own headaches, car travel in California can be a challenge. If you are coming to California for a vacation and renting a car, it is important to know what to expect. An unprepared driver will likely find California driving a less than enjoyable experience.
First, if you've rented a car, it might be a good idea to take a few minutes to become thoroughly familiar with the vehicle before heading out. If you are still trying to figure out how to turn on the air conditioning while you merge into traffic, that is a problem. You should be prepared for inevitable traffic delays. It is a holiday weekend, so the normal traffic concerns are made substantially worse.
California is an excellent destination for holiday travel. There is no better place to enjoy the start of summer. If you are careful and plan ahead, there is no reason you cannot enjoy a safe holiday weekend.


Six-time event winner and Pirelli World Challenge Touring Car class competitor Shea Holbrook is ready for Canadian Tire Motorsports Park this weekend. Her Shea Racing team will compete in Rounds 3 and 4 of the Pirelli World Challenge Championships May 19-22 at the Durham, ON race facility.
The Shea Racing team has seen both success and defeat at the high-speed 10-turn road course. Both Shea Holbrook and teammate Jason Fichter have made podium appearances previously at the daunting track, and hope for repeat performances in the Touring Car class this weekend.
Holbrook was recently honored with a special feature in espnW Magazine's "Cool Jobs in Sports" spotlight. Shea shared her career path in motorsports, including her start as a competitive water skier, and how a NASCAR ride-along changed her direction.
She also shared her experiences as a cross-over driver into the IHRA Drag Racing scene, and what driving a jet-powered dragster to her first win was like.
In addition to her responsibilities as Shea Racing team owner and driver, the University of Central Florida graduate also is an instructor for the SCCA Track Night in America program. The program is an easy and inexpensive way for nearly anyone who loves cars or motorsports to get on a racecourse in their own vehicle on a weeknight. As Track Night coordinator, Holbrook provides driving advice to participants, coaching them to improve their skill and performances.


Sri Lanka Samurdhi Authority and Agriculture Research Assistants' Union protested in Kurunegala town today against a statement made by Deputy Minister of Power and Renewable Energy Ajith P. Perera about Samurdhi Officers during the Millaniya – Kalutara Coordinating Committee Meeting recently.
Minister criticized Samurdhi Officers over their inaction in adhering to a proper methodology when giving out the Samurdhi benefits.
Additional Secretary of Sri Lanka Samurdhi Authority and Agriculture Research Assistants, Piyal Mathararachchi demanded at the protest that the minister should take the statement back.
However, Minister Ajith Perera recently made another statement at Hiru TV that he would not take back the statement made against the lethargic conduct of Samurdhi officers.


text:
P&Q Roundtable a wrap in Miami
By Kevin Yanik and Jack Kopanski| January 25, 2023
The 2023 Pit & Quarry Roundtable & Conference was held at The Biltmore in Coral Gables, Florida. Photo: P&Q Staff
Aggregate producers, equipment suppliers and others gathered this week at the 2023 Pit & Quarry Roundtable & Conference in South Florida.
The event, which took place Jan. 24-25, brought industry stakeholders together at The Biltmore in Coral Gables, Florida, to reflect on 2022, look to the year ahead and discuss relevant topics such as ConExpo-Con/Agg, equipment and technology and inflationary impacts.
"It was great to once again bring the thought leaders of our industry together to address the key issues facing the aggregate market," says Rob Fulop, group publisher of Pit & Quarry. "We were excited to welcome a varied representation of industry professionals, including producers, dealers, OEMs and industry associations from across the U.S. and Canada."
Wednesday morning's program featured a presentation by FMI Capital Advisors' George Reddin, who offered a 2023 outlook for the construction materials market.
"Demand remains strong [and] the IIJA (Infrastructure Investment & Jobs Act) is going to be a big game changer for the industry," says Reddin, a managing director at FMI who regularly presents at the Roundtable. "Residential [construction] short-term [looks] not so good, but we think it's going to return in 2024. Headwinds [include] inflation, interest rates, the Russia-Ukraine [war] remains an unknown, labor shortages [and] the supply chain. All of those things are still out there, but I think we feel pretty strongly now about the future."
Michael Johnson, president and CEO of the National Stone, Sand & Gravel Association, also spoke at the Roundtable, providing insights on legislative and regulatory developments pertinent to aggregate producers during a Wednesday morning Q&A with P&Q's Kevin Yanik. One regulatory issue he touched on was the recently released definition of waters of the U.S. (WOTUS).
"WOTUS is a great example of the regulatory dysfunction in the federal government," Johnson says. "We are now on our seventh iteration of the waters of the U.S. rule since the Bush administration."
Ogletree Deakins' Bill Doran visited with Yanik, as well, to provide updates related to the Mine Safety & Health Administration (MSHA). He spoke on the recent pattern of violations notice MSHA issued to a Morton salt mine in Louisiana.
"Pattern of violations is a section of the Mine Act that enables MSHA, when they identify a pattern of S&S (significant and substantial) violations, to issue a pattern notice, which means that any S&S citation after that notice results in a withdrawal order," says Doran, shareholder of the Washington, D.C., office at Ogletree Deakins, who co-authors the MSHA & The Law column each month within Pit & Quarry. "Normally MSHA only issues a withdrawal order for an operation if there is imminent danger or if there is a series of unwarrantable failure citations. The pattern provision has always been used as the atomic bomb of the Mine Act."
Additionally, Roundtable attendees had the opportunity to share their own insights Wednesday morning during discussions moderated by Pit & Quarry editors. The seven topics the magazine drew up for discussion this year were 2022 reflections; 2023 outlooks; capex spending/economy/inflation; ConExpo-Con/Agg; equipment and technology; sustainability; and safety and health.
The Pit & Quarry Roundtable & Conference concluded with a panel discussion between four aggregate producers on cutting-edge equipment and technology. The four participating producers were Luck Stone's Dan Babish, Capital Aggregates' Jamie Jones, Rogers Group's Nick Pearman and Wm. D. Scepaniak's John Scepaniak.
A golf outing at The Biltmore Golf Course and a cocktail reception welcomed attendees to South Florida on Tuesday.
Look for P&Q's full report dedicated to the 2023 Pit & Quarry Roundtable & Conference in the magazine's April 2023 edition. Additional Roundtable content will appear on pitandquarry.com in the days to come.
This article is tagged with Bill Doran, capex spending, ConExpo-Con/Agg, FMI, George Reddin, Michael Johnson, mine safety and health, NSSGA, Ogletree Deakins, Pit and Quarry Roundtable and posted in featured, News


• Identify and specify the components that are affected by the change requirement.
• Classify them into two categories.
(a) Direct components where change requirement is to be effected.
(b) Indirect components where the change calls for consequential modification.
• Determine the process implementation strategy and activities thereof for execution.
• Schedule these activities in line with software development cycle i.e., requirement analysis - design -develop –test –approve –modify baseline and components update the component libraries – deploy and implement.
The SCM plan is important for large complex products or system. In such products and systems, where users are large and are distributed in different environments, change requirements is a continuous feature. To manage all change request effectively, the SCM plan is necessary to ensure that all change requirements are disposed to users, customers and stakeholders satisfaction and product integrity is maintained.


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Suns Sign Dudley to Contract Extension
by Jeramie McPeek
VP, Digital
Posted: Nov. 1, 2010
The Phoenix Suns have signed forward Jared Dudley to a multi-year contract extension, the club has announced.
"Jared Dudley is a valued member of what makes this franchise special," said Suns President of Basketball Operations Lon Babby. "The uncertain future made these discussions challenging; but in the end, good will prevailed and we are delighted to have reached an agreement."
Winner of the team's 2009-10 Dan Majerle Hustle Award, the 6-7, 220-pound Dudley has established himself as one of the team's best defenders and one of the league's premier three-point shooters while becoming a fan-favorite in Phoenix. The fourth-year performer enjoyed a break-out year in 2009-10 in his first full season with the Suns, averaging a career-high 8.2 points, 3.4 rebounds and career-best 1.4 assists while seeing action in all 82 games. Dudley also led the Suns with a career-high 81 steals last season.
In addition to his defensive tenacity and trademark hustle, it was Dudley's improved long range shooting that made him indispensable to the Suns' attack. On a team that shot the second-best three-point percentage in NBA history, Dudley connected on a team-best and career-high 45.8 percent of his three-point attempts, fourth-best in the NBA. "JD" made 120 threes overall, 116 of which came in a reserve role, third-most of any NBA bench player (2010 NBA Sixth Man of the Year Jamal Crawford, J.R. Smith). Dudley entered last season with 38 career three-pointers.
Originally selected by the Charlotte Bobcats with the 22nd overall pick of the 2007 NBA Draft, the Boston College product and 2007 ACC Player of the Year was acquired by the Suns along with Jason Richardson and a 2010 second-round pick (used to select Gani Lawal) on Dec. 10, 2008. He owns career averages of 6.6 points, 3.5 rebounds and 1.1 assists in 223 games (23 starts), including 7.2 points and 3.3 rebounds in 130 games (one start) with Phoenix.
The Rise of Devin Booker
Devin Booker: 2018-19 Assists
Devin Booker: 2019-20 Scoring
Booker's Game-Winning Defense vs Orlando Magic
Bridges' Lethal Three-Point Shooting Leads to Career-Night in Boston
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text:
define(function (require) {
  var registerSuite = require('intern!object'),
      assert        = require('intern/chai!assert'),
      plugin        = require('intern/dojo/node!../index'),
      fs            = require('intern/dojo/node!fs'),
      gonzales      = require('intern/dojo/node!../node_modules/gonzales-pe');

  registerSuite({
    name: 'polish-use-border-radius-mixin',

    message: function () {
      assert.strictEqual(plugin.message, 'Border radius should not be set explicitly. Use "@include border-radius".');
    },

    test: function() {
      var deferred = this.async(3000),
          errors;

      fs.readFile('./tests/scss.scss', deferred.callback(function(error, stylesheet) {
        if (error) {
          throw error;
        }

        errors = plugin.test(gonzales.parse(stylesheet.toString('utf8'), { syntax : 'scss' }));

        assert.strictEqual(errors.length, 10);
        assert.equal(errors[0].node.toString().trim(), 'border-radius: 13px');
        assert.equal(errors[1].node.toString().trim(), 'border-radius: 10%');
        assert.equal(errors[2].node.toString().trim(), 'border-top-left-radius: 10%');
        assert.equal(errors[3].node.toString().trim(), 'border-radius: 10px / 50px');
        assert.equal(errors[4].node.toString().trim(), 'border-radius: 0');
        assert.equal(errors[5].node.toString().trim(), 'border-radius: 13px');
        assert.equal(errors[6].node.toString().trim(), 'border-radius: 10%');
        assert.equal(errors[7].node.toString().trim(), 'border-top-left-radius: 10%');
        assert.equal(errors[8].node.toString().trim(), 'border-radius: 10px / 50px');
        assert.equal(errors[9].node.toString().trim(), 'border-radius: 0');
      }));
    }
  });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


X-Rays Dentist El Cajon El Cajon, CA Dentist, Dr. Alena Nawrocki and employees, have helped individual with all manners of basic, loved ones and cosmetic dental services. For this to come about, it is important that you and your family members frequently schedule and attend your dentist appointments. Do not really feel you have to place up with the discomfort get in touch with an emergency dentist. The workplace was clean, inviting, and complete of many of the identical distractions as at the Pediatric Dentist we visited later. Make positive you double verify both your policy, and with your dentist prior to obtaining service carried out. Make confident you choose a dentist who is educated and experienced in implant dentistry.
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I suggest that you speak to the dentist who initially did the dental function on your tooth. Possessing the identical loved ones dentist also enables loved ones members to schedule appointments with each other, cutting down unnecessary travel and waiting instances. You could get a copy of your x-rays or records from your dentist nonetheless, your dentist may possibly charge you a affordable charge for their reproduction. If you are brushing twice a day, taking excellent care of your teeth, flossing and making use of some sort of rinse, you can by no means get into the trap of dental emergency.
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Bonnie Gangemi came to see Dr. Ahmet Baschat at the University of Maryland Medical Center's Center for Advanced Fetal Care after being diagnosed with Twin to Twin Transfusion Syndrome. Dr. Baschat performed laser ablation surgery that saved the lives of her twin boys, who were born two months after the surgery and are now happy and healthy. Bonnie shares her story in this video. Related Links: The University of Maryland Center for Advanced Fetal Care http://www.umm.edu/womenscenter/div_cfafc.
This site investigates what the American Dream has meant over the years to poets, politicians, comedians, musicians, photographers, lawyers, reporters, and others. Students may contribute to the Student Gallery and post their dreams on a Wall of Dreams.
Speaking at the Vice-Chancellor's Open Lecture, Dr Ian Goldin asked: Are the world's leading thinkers anticipating the risks and opportunities of the 21st century, or will humanity be overtaken by its own medical, technological and scientific successes?


The match between New Zealand vs Bangladesh will be played at Sophia Gardens, Cardiff and both the teams of Bangladesh v New Zealand will come face to face in this match on June 09. Both the teams of NZ vs BAN will play their match on schedule venue and date. The match of New Zealand v Bangladesh will be started at 09:30 am GMT, 10:30 am local time and 02:30 pm PKT. the squad, schedule, live score card and live telecast of the match of BAN vs NZ will be provided to the viewers and at the end of the match of Bangladesh v New Zealand, the video highlights of the match will be provided to the viewers.


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Researchers Find Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Temporarily Improves Parkinson's Patients' Motor Symptoms
by Charles Moore | September 17, 2015
Noting that while motor movements in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) generally tend to slow down and decrease in intensity many retain the ability to move more quickly and forcefully, a team of scientists at Johns Hopkins Medical in Baltimore, Maryland, report evidence — gathered from proof-of-concept experiments with joysticks that measure force — that the slowdown likely arises from the brain's cost/benefit analysis, which gets skewed by loss of dopamine — a chemical released throughout the cortex of the brain by specialized neurons that is known to make animals more likely to exert effort to achieve a reward — in people with PD.
Additionally, the researchers' study of a small group of 20 patients with PD demonstrated that brain cortex stimulation using external electrodes can correct some of the dopamine deficiency related distortion and temporarily improve some patients motor symptoms.
Parkinson's disease which affects up to 1 million Americans, is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's. A slowly progressing neurodegenerative disorder, Parkinson's is caused by death of dopaminergic neurons in in a region of the midbrain called substantia nigra for reasons unknown. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that carries signals between the areas of the brain that regulate and control smooth, purposeful motor movement when performing routine tasks like eating, writing and shaving. Common first symptoms of Parkinson's include tremors, rigidity and slowness of movement. While the motor symptoms can be treated with medication the disease's progression cannot be prevented, and benefits of medication may fade as the disease progresses, and/or side effects can become problematic.At the Johns Hopkins Laboratory of Computational Motor Control, headed by Dr. Reza Shadmehr, Ph.D., a professor of biomedical engineering at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, video game-based experiments are a key element in the scientists' pursuit of understanding how the brain controls movement, allowing performance of complex motions like reaching for a glass of water without even looking, and making them seem effortless.
"Our work focuses on understanding how the human brain perceives the world, how it learns, and how it controls our movements," explains Dr. Shadmehr. "We study actions of healthy people, as well as people with neurological disorders. We look for regularities and use mathematics to ask about the origins of these regularities. Our approach is non-invasive, aiming to never harm. Our tools include robotics, brain stimulation, and neuroimaging. We have two long-term aims: 1) to understand the basic function of the motor structures of the brain including the cerebellum, the basal ganglia, and the motor cortex; and 2) to understand the relationship between how our brain controls our movements, and how it controls our decisions."
Dr. Shadmehr is senior author of a report on the research published online in The Society for Neuroscience official Journal of Neuroscience on Sept. 2.
"The loss of dopamine associated with Parkinsons disease makes the effort required to move the affected side of the body seem greater, so the brain is less willing to use that arm to complete tasks," Dr. Shadmehr continues. "Our study suggests that direct current stimulation can compensate somewhat for the loss of dopamine by decreasing the effort the brain has to put into getting its motor neurons to fire."
Photo Caption: A volunteer models the noninvasive, electrical stimulation device used in this study.
Image credit – Reza Shadmehr, Johns Hopkins Medicine
The Journal of Neuroscience report, entitled "Altering Effort Costs in Parkinson's Disease with Noninvasive Cortical Stimulation" (The Journal of Neuroscience, 2 September 2015, 35(35): 12287-12302; doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1827-15.2015), is coauthored by Dr. Shadmehr and his research colleagues Yousef Salimpour of the Johns Hopkins Department of Biomedical Engineering Laboratory for Computational Motor Control, and Zoltan K. Mari of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Neurology.
The researchers observe that in Parkinson's disease (PD), the human brain is capable of producing motor commands, but appears to require greater than normal subjective effort, particularly for movements on the more-affected side of the body.
In Parkinsons, dopamine neurons generally die on one side of the brain, inhibiting the the patient's ability of to exert effort with the opposite side of the body. In situations requiring quick reflex action such as preventing a ball from falling off a table, people with PD can often still make rapid, intense movements with their affected arm, but the scientists note that it seems as though the brain's cost assessment for making everyday movements is abnormally high.
To investigate the nature of this subjective increased effort demand and whether it be altered, they used an isometric task in which patients produced a goal force by engaging both arms, but were free to assign any fraction of that force to each arm. The researchers found that the PD patients preferred their less-affected arm, but only in some directions a preference correlated with lateralization of signal-dependent noise: the direction of force for which the brain was less willing to assign effort to an arm was generally the direction for which that arm exhibited greater noise. They found that consequently the direction-dependent noise in each arm acted as an implicit cost that discouraged use of that arm.
To check for a causal relationship between noise and motor cost, the Dr. Shadmehr's team used bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex, placing the cathode on the more-affected side and the anode on the less-affected side. They found that this stimulation not only reduced the noise on the more-affected arm, it also increased the the patients' willingness to assign force to that arm. In a 3 d double-blind study and in a 10 d repeated stimulation study, bilateral stimulation of the two motor cortices with cathode on the more-affected side reduced noise and increased the willingness of the patients to exert effort. This stimulation also improved the clinical motor symptoms of the disease.
Based on their study's findings, the coauthors conclude that In Parkinson's disease, patients are less willing to assign force to their affected arm, and that this pattern is direction dependent: directions for which the arm is noisier coincide with directions for which the brain is less willing to assign force. They hypothesized that by reducing the noise on the affected arm, the brain's willingness to assign force to that arm may be increased, and one way to do this is via noninvasive cortical stimulation. In addition to reducing effort costs associated with the affected arm, the investigators found that the cortical stimulation also improved clinical motor symptoms of the disease.
To test the hypothesis that dopamine makes animals more likely to exert effort to achieve a reward, Dr. Shadmehr and his team first designed an experiment to measure how much force a patients brain was willing to assign to each arm. In their first experiment, participants, all right-handed, included 15 healthy volunteers and 15 with PD, ages 50 to 75, who had been diagnosed with Parkinson's for two to 20 years and were receiving medication to control their symptoms, such as tremors, muscle rigidity and lack of balance.
With their arms held in mobile supports above a table, participants were asked to grip handles located at the ends of the supports, which could measure the amount force applied to them. Participants then were asked to apply about four pounds of muscle force to the handles in order to move an electronic cursor on a computer screen to a target. They could use any combination of both arms to achieve the task. This action was repeated 10 times in 16 different directions representing a full circle.
The investigators noted that when performing this task, healthy participants split the four pounds of force between their two arms more or less equally, thereby sharing the effort between both arms, never applying more than 30 percent more force with one arm than with the other. By contrast, patients with PD on average showed a twofold greater preference for their less affected arm, sometimes skewing their effort by as much as 70 percent toward the less affected arm.
Dr. Shadmehr's team deduced the difference in bilateral allotment of effort was not due to a lack of strength in the PD patients' affected arms, because the team also tested each arm's ability to apply force in every direction and found that the patients' strength comparable to that of healthy individuals.
However what did stand out, the researchers say, was how direction-dependent the outcomes were. For example, when a patient was asked to move the cursor to the 3 o'clock position on the screen, they might entirely favor their left (unaffected) arm. However, when asked to move the cursor to the 12 o'clock position, the patient might share the effort equally between both arms. In addition, the researchers noticed that patients avoided using their affected arm particularly in the directions in which they exhibited a greater amount of variability, or noise, when generating force. That is, the increased effort appeared associated with a poorer ability to control the generation of force.
Hypothesizing that reduced ability to control force in patients with PD was related to decreased dopamine — deficiency of which which makes it more difficult to recruit neurons for a particular task — the researchers devised a brain stimulation experiment to further test their hypothesis.
"The greater the number of neurons firing together to complete a task, the less they each have to fire and the more controlled the resulting action is," says Dr. Shadmehr. "In Parkinsons, the loss of dopamine might mean that neurons that control movement dont fire as easily, which means that a few neurons have to do the whole job and cant perform as well, generating noisier output. The brain seems to know this and avoids assigning effort in those directions where it has less control."
To overcome this problem, the team used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) — a non-invasive, painless brain stimulation treatment that uses direct electrical currents to stimulate specific parts of the brain — on a total of 25 patients, 10 for each of three tests, with some participating in more than one test. The investigators reasoned that by increasing the electrical current within the neurons using mild stimulation through electrodes placed on the scalp, the cells would be closer to their firing threshold and would be easier for the brain to engage.
As explained in a Johns Hopkins release, in tDCS a constant, low intensity current is passed through two electrodes placed over the head which modulates neuronal activity. There are two types of stimulation with tDCS: anodal and cathodal stimulation. Anodal stimulation acts to excite neuronal activity while cathodal stimulation inhibits or reduces neuronal activity. And although tDCS is still an experimental form of brain stimulation, the scientists say it potentially has several advantages over other brain stimulation techniques — being as it is cheap, non-invasive, painless, safe, and easy to administer with easily portable equipment. They note that most common side effect associated with tDCS is a slight itching or tingling on the scalp, and that several studies suggest that tDCS may be a valuable tool for the treatment of neuropsychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, Parkinson's disease, and chronic pain. Research has also demonstrated cognitive improvement in some patients undergoing tDCS, but currently, tDCS is not an FDA-approved treatment.
In another, blinded experiment involving 10 patients, in which neither patients nor evaluating clinicians knew which kind of stimulation they received, the investigators found that cathodal tDCS, worked best and that the patients who received cathodal stimulation were more willing to engage their affected arm than those who received no stimulation, or anodal stimulation. The researchers also observed a related decrease in the variability associated with these patients' movements, noting that the stimulation produced an average improvement of 25 percent in patients' motor symptoms as quantified via the motor component of the Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), particularly improving rigidity on the affected side.
Finally, the researchers tested tDCS effectiveness in 10 patients over a 10-day period. During the first three days, participants received no stimulation or fake stimulation; on days four through eight, they received cathodal stimulation; and on days nine and 10, no stimulation. Each day, they executed the arm movement test and the UPDRS. Results of the experiment showed that improvement was real but temporary, only occurring on the days the patients received cathodal tDCS.
"As far as we know so far," Dr. Shadmehr cautions in a Johns Hopkins Release, "the effects of tDCS are very temporary, but that's not surprising since no new dopamine cells are being created, which is the root of the problem. Nevertheless," he says, "tDCS is a relatively simple, painless and inexpensive intervention that could be developed for home use, a device we are working on."
"Its possible," he adds, "that the brain would get used to the stimulation just as it adjusts to medications and also become less responsive over time, but we are hopeful that continued stimulation might improve symptoms."
This work was supported by grants from that National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS078311) and the Human Frontiers Science Program.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Reza Shadmehr, Johns Hopkins Medicine
Charles Moore Charles is a force to be reckoned with in the world of print and new media. From an interview with him in LowEndMac: "His articles, features, and commentaries have appeared in more than 40 magazines, newspapers and websites in Canada, the US, the UK, and Australia. . . a columnist for The Halifax Daily News and the Saint John Telegraph Journal, Atlantic Fisherman, and news editor and columnist for Applelinks.com, a columnist and contributing editor for MacOpinion and PBCentral, as well as writing for Low End Mac." Charles serves as the Senior Section Editor.
brain stimulation, Clinical Research, Parkinson's


Interpret and use the main analytical findings in applied research.
A detailed training program with session slides is available here.
In total, fifteen researchers, analysts and postgraduate students attended the course from universities, NGOs such as Z-Analytics Group and research organizations such as the Center for Strategic Studies under the President's Office and the Institute of Agricultural Economics. Participants were selected on a competitive basis by the selection committee.
During this first joint capacity building effort conducted by IFPRI with its national counterparts in Tajikistan, IFPRI donated 19 laptops to the TAAS as a contribution towards creating a computer lab for its researchers. Organizers also provided participants with course materials and books for their personal use.
The training course is part of a joint effort to enhance economic analysis capacities among researchers in Central Asia and is supported by the Ministry of Finance of Russian Federation and the CGIAR Research Programs on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) and Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH).


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BRITISH AUSTRALIAN COMMUNITY LITERARY PRIZE
This Award is for an 800 word essay on the theme of "the positive heritage of British culture in Australia." The prize is $1,000. The closing date each year is the 30th of September.
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THE BRITISH AUSTRALIAN COMMUNITY LITERARY PRIZE
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The British Australian Community Literary Prize is open to all Australian citizens or permanent residents of Australia.
The Prize will be awarded to an original, unpublished essay not exceeding 800 words, on the theme of the positive heritage of British culture in Australia.
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The Prize will normally be awarded to a single winner, but up to three additional entries may be commended. The winner will be notified personally, and announced on the BAC website in early November. The essay will be published on this website and in any other relevant BAC publication.
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Gorrilla Swings at the Giro
May 14, 2015 AFP
May 14, 2015 – Spaniard Alberto Contador fell in the final dash for the line but held on to the Giro d'Italia leader's pink jersey after the sixth stage, which was won by Germany's Andre Greipel on Thursday.
AFP/Yuzuru Sunada
Lotto rider Greipel won a sprint finish ahead of Italians Matteo Pelucchi and Sacha Modolo after the 183km ride through the Tuscan countryside. Contador, the 2008 winner, was left slightly battered after hurting his left shoulder in a collective fall in the sprint for the line.
The Tinkoff rider attended the victory ceremony, but looked visibly shaken and signaled he could not pull on the pink jersey over his painful shoulder. Television replays showed that the crash was caused by a spectator holding out a camera over the barrier.
"Alberto needs to undergo tests," Tinkoff team manager Stefano Feltrin said, adding that the Spaniard was notably suffering with his left shoulder and knee.
"First he has to be examined by our doctor Piet Daneels," added Feltrin, who declined to comment on the possibility that the race favorite could be forced to withdraw with Friday's stage, the longest of this year's race, covering 264km from Grosseto to Fiuggi, south of Rome.
Contador, the 2008 champion, is attempting to become the eighth rider to achieve the double of the Giro and the Tour de France in the same year. He holds a two-second lead on Italy's Fabio Aru with Sky's Richie Porte of Australia third at 20sec in the overall standings. Contador crashed 200 meters from the line, along with other riders who were brought down in a wave provoked by Italy's Daniele Colli's fall on the other side of the road, which resulted in the Nippo rider suffering a broken arm.
Colli came a cropper when he struck by a spectator holding a camera zoom lens over the barrier, once again raising questions about security after the race was also interrupted by a collective crash on Sunday provoked by a spectator on a bicycle.
The rules state that the time differences are neutralized in case of a fall or accident in the final three kilometers, except for the summit finishes.
Lotto rider Greipel won a sprint for the line ahead of Italians Matteo Pelucchi and Sacha Modolo after the 183km ride through the Tuscan countryside. The German champion managed to cross the line just after the fall following 4hr 19min 42sec in the saddle, to finish ahead of the pursuing Pelucchi and Modolo.
A breakaway of five riders in two groups — first Eduard Michael Grosu and Marek Rutkiewicz, and then Marco Bandiera, Alessandro Malaguti and Alan Marangoni — opened the race from the first hour. The peloton however did not let the five build up a lead of more then five minutes and caught up 14 minutes from the line.
It was the third Giro stage win for Greipel, nicknamed the 'Gorilla', after 2008 and 2010, and his fourth victory of the season. Greipel, 32, has also notched up six stage wins on the Tour de France and four on the Vuelta a Espana.
"I now have the points leader's red jersey but it's not my main objective. What I want is to win stages," said Greipel, who is not among the favorites for Friday's seventh stage which finishes with a climb.
Final 10 Kilometers of Stage 6
Results Stage 6:
1. GREIPEL, André (LOTTO SOUDAL) 4:19:42
2. PELUCCHI, Matteo (IAM CYCLING)
3. MODOLO, Sacha (LAMPRE – MERIDA)
4. BELLETTI, Manuel (SOUTHEAST)
5. NIZZOLO, Giacomo (TREK FACTORY RACING)
6. PETACCHI, Alessandro (SOUTHEAST)
7. VIVIANI, Elia (SKY)
8. MEZGEC, Luka (GIANT – ALPECIN)
9. RUFFONI, Nicola (BARDIANI CSF)
10. APPOLLONIO, Davide (ANDRONI GIOCATTOLI)
General Classification:
1. CONTADOR VELASCO, Alberto (TINKOFF – SAXO) 20:25:43
2. ARU, Fabio (ASTANA) + 2
3. PORTE, Richie (SKY) + 20
4. KREUZIGER, Roman (TINKOFF – SAXO) + 22
5. CATALDO, Dario (ASTANA) + 28
6. CHAVES RUBIO, Jhoan Esteban (ORICA GreenEDGE) + 37
7. VISCONTI, Giovanni (MOVISTAR) + 56
8. LANDA MEANA, Mikel (ASTANA) + 1:01
9. FORMOLO, Davide (CANNONDALE – GARMIN) + 1:15
10. AMADOR BAKKAZAKOVA, Andrey (MOVISTAR) + 1:18
2015 Giro d'Italia
Andre Greipel


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Kelly McParland: Toronto wasn't as immune as it thought — but it still held up well
Life went on. No general lockdown, no outburst of unrest. The hockey game went ahead — after a minute of silence. And the Leafs won
Apr 24, 2018 • Last Updated April 24, 2018 • 5 minute read
Emergency services close Yonge Street in Toronto after a van mounted a sidewalk crashing into a crowd of pedestrians on Monday, April 23, 2018. Photo by Nathan Denette / The Canadian Press via AP
Some years ago a reader took me to task for suggesting a random act of violence that took place overseas might carry lessons for Canada. His point was that there was no cause to assume Canadians might be impacted by something happening so far away, since there was no reason to expect anything similar could happen here.
It seemed curious to argue that, in a world interconnected in every other way, senseless slaughter might be the one exception. But it's clearly a notion that holds with many in Canada's largest city, which sees itself as a bastion of peace and safety in a dangerous and unpredictable world.
As Monday's horrific attack unfolded on Yonge Street, Toronto's main north-south artery, one resident after another expressed their shock and incredulity that the city wasn't immune. There was "an overwhelming sense of disbelief," we were told. "Toronto will never be the same," a witness remarked. City Council member John Filion said it was "unthinkable" that anything so horrific could happen in a place so proud of its diverse population.
Jack Young leaves a note on April 24, 2018, at a makeshift memorial for victims in the van attack in Toronto. Photo by Lars Hagberg/AFP/Getty Images
"What happened today will profoundly change the city from here on in," Filion predicted.
Mayor John Tory echoed that view: "These are not the kinds of things that we expect to happen in this city," he said. "We hope they don't happen anywhere in the world. But we especially don't expect them to happen in Toronto."
I kept wondering, Why? Toronto has always been a quiet and relatively tranquil place — for years, in fact, the sense that nothing exciting ever happened was a particular target of mockery. But given the number of previous attacks that have taken place across the country — a gunman ran through the halls of Parliament, firing at random, remember? — it seemed an awful lot like wishful thinking to expect the largest and most important population centre to be exempt.
The city has turned its diversity into an asset
That Toronto is a diverse place is unquestioned — astonishingly so in many parts of the city. That was self-evident as Monday's attack filled the airwaves: reporters spread out in search of witnesses, and those it found were overwhelmingly non-white. Brown, black, coffee-coloured, Asian, South Asian, vaguely Middle Eastern, Chinese — though not necessarily from China itself, given the numbers from Hong Kong, Taiwan and elsewhere. They struggled with the language, with accents, with their shock, no two the same. It takes a certain perversity to resent newcomers when you can't even tell where they might be from. Indeed, when the identity of the attacker as Alek Minassian first became public, an immediate debate popped up on Twitter as to the possible origins of the name. Much of it, predictably, was among the sort of people who couldn't wait to assign blame, but it reflected the fact that in a city where more than half the people identify themselves as visible minorities, anyone can be from anywhere.
The city has turned its diversity into an asset, a constant marketing theme. "Diversity Our Strength" it says on the official coat of arms. Hockey Night in Canada has a special team to broadcast Toronto Maple Leaf games in Punjabi. Summer in Toronto sometimes seems like a non-stop cycle of parades, festivals and official fairs celebrating one ethnic community or another — closing the roads and sparking that other local obsession, the lousy traffic. Part of the determination to herald its sense of community is a constant stream of reminders to itself that Toronto is special: the CBC had barely started its coverage of the attack when an on-air host noted it was already receiving complaints that it might, in some way, make any inference that could in any way reflect on who or what the attacker might be. We were reminded of the "importance of inclusion, of diversity, of keeping calm."
And calm we were, to a degree. One indelible moment took place during the extraordinary confrontation between Minassian and a Toronto police officer who resolutely refused to grant his demand to "shoot me in the head." As they stood facing each other in the street, the cop pointing his weapon and Minassian repeatedly pretending to draw and aim, yelling "Shoot me!", a trio of Torontonians out for a stroll on the pleasant spring day wandered past on the sidewalk, glancing over their shoulders at the life-and-death moment, before continuing on, apparently unconcerned. Maybe they thought it was a movie being made. Maybe they were after an ice cream cone and didn't want to be delayed. If bad stuff can't happen in Toronto, why be nervous?
Diversity is strength, but it doesn't come with immunity. Even setting aside the details of Minassian's background and motivations, the fact remains that people don't leave their phobias or resentments behind when they choose a new home. The sort of people who can't think of any other means of expressing their anger, bitterness or resentment, other than killing some strangers, aren't likely to be deterred by the fact Toronto considers itself a caring community. The fact that the city enjoys such relative harmony might be just another provocation to a troubled mind.
Diversity is strength, but it doesn't come with immunity.
By nightfall, Torontonians were already accepting congratulations for having emerged from the horrific afternoon with the suspect in custody, without a shot being fired. Life went on. No general lockdown, no outburst of unrest. The hockey game went ahead — amid much-heightened security — after a minute of silence. And the Leafs won, a blow not only against the hated Bruins but anyone who thought the city could be cowed into hiding.
It was all heartening, the sign of a strong community, confident in its identity, but it was also a lesson that while Canada may be lucky, it's far from immune, and diversity is no guarantee of protection from irrational or disturbed minds looking for a location to endanger the lives of innocents.
Christie Blatchford: Deadly van attack can't divide Toronto's most diverse neighbourhood
Chris Selley: Grief and anxiety in the face of Toronto van attack, but little shock
Terry Glavin: We search for patterns after events like Toronto attack on pedestrians, but there may be none


All On Focus: Questions. and august class feature.
I realise I work really well at night. Be it scrapping, studying reading on working on my never ending task list. I just seem to be able to finish things better when it's late at night and the cycle goes on and on.
Well, its been 2 years and I am quite amazed with my self and how I am able to handle so much and get busy so quickly. For the 2 years, people always ask me: ain't you tired? how do you manage your time? Then they always answer the question themselves most of the time: its your hobby so you sure have time for it.
Truth is, I don't really have much time for anything and it is always a rush from here to there. When I went to laos, though the life is hard (due to the time spend, farming, teaching, weaving baskets, cooking) it seems like the people there had a tough time but they were happy. I guess for me then, it was hard but really managable and you feel like you are in gasp of everything and you spend the time connecting, talking and interacting.
Not that much when you're back in singapore where you are rushing off from one place to another. Seeing each other not physically but through whatsapp and Facebook. It kinda makes things abit superficial and unsincere. Sometimes, I get a scolding: can you be more tactful when you whatsapp or can you be nicer when you whatsapp, or HELLO~~ can you reply? ---- My answer to that is: if its that important, you would have called me or messaged me privately rather than contact me in a whatsapp group because every day I wake up with 11 different group notifications. It gets annoyed and out of the point. Which is why this leads to another thing about my constant coffee meet ups because this is what builds friendship. Not always through connections. And trust me, ive experienced people who is totally different from who they are and what they whatsapp.
And on that note: I would like to thank people who wished me a happy birthday and took the time and liberty to buy gifts for me, spare me the time for a meal and connect with me. Thank you so much.
As many may know, I am taking a hiatus now from my work at papermarket to probably seek for more attractive monetary incentives and also take a break. I asked my good friend to recommend me a job and her response was: "i think you really need a break. Stop looking for one first."
And I guess yea. Possibly to take a break first and see what I can do. But with many things coming up, I guess possibly its a little hard. but we shall see.
I'm never good with names or with faces and can tell exactly where I met so-and-so but i can remember people who makes either a good impression (or sometimes and extremely bad one) luckily most are real good which i dont want to forget myself.
In the last 3 months was sure interesting, different but possibly something I'm thankful for before its where I see real teamwork and how one helps another. Thank you to the staff for really treating me well!
And not forgetting the customers who spend their time. I am glad in that 2 years, I made really nice friends and that quite hard to find.
This is my first time writing such a long note and I still have much to say but I'm tired. Its probably time to stop getting overwhelmed and re-look at the pace of life. Focusing on whats important. All on focus.
P.S: leaving on monday morning to taiwan. My break all year. Looking forward to it finally. :) Thanks for reading.
Seems like a whole lot of fun!


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Soros group labels America as human rights abuser, because of Trump
Donald Trump has yet to take power, but a major human rights group heavily funded by billionaire progressive George Soros is already out with a new report lumping the U.S. in with major human rights abusers like China, Russia, Egypt and Syria all because of the Republican president-elect. The justification for the designation is Trump's "racism, xenophobia, nativism and misogyny," according to Kenneth Roth, the executive director of Human Rights Watch (HRW), which released its survey on Thursday. HRW is heavily funded by Soros, a Hillary Clinton supporter who backs hundreds of leftist and progressive groups across the world. Soros pledged to give $100 million to HRW over a ten year period in 2010. Open Society Foundations, Soros' main vehicle for funding U.S.-based groups, gave $10 million to HRW in 2014, its most recent tax filings show. As The New York Times notes, the designation of the U.S. as a major human rights abuser marks a first for HRW in the 27 years it has released its annual survey. "The rise of populism poses a dangerous threat to human rights," Roth said in a video introduction of the report. "Trump gained power in the United States, various politicians are seeking power in Europe through making appeals to racism, xenophobia, nativism and misogyny," he continued. Wait a minute Soros has an organization called Human Rights Watch, now that in itself is laughable. For one reason only, that George Soros is a former NAZI collaborator who gave up Jews in World War Two and their property for his own safety while living in Hungary as a young man. Therefore the true human rights violator is former NAZI collaborator George Soros himself. How can this man even have something called the "Human Rights Watch", when George Soros is trying to destroy Europe through the Muslim refugee crisis...And here at home by funding anything to stand in the way of Donald Trump and America choosing him as our next President? For how evil George Soros has been throughout his life, this man doesn't even deserve an organization called Human Rights Watch. Seems to be populism and nationalism is working well for Americans, as Trump has already brought a million plus jobs back to America...Which will get millions of Americans off of things like welfare. Also where the hell has Trump violated human rights, when it's Soros boy Obama and Hillary who seem to love killing people? Also America was pretty much the first nation on Earth to end slavery, and allow all religions to practice peacefully...Including Islam, so uhh where's this human rights abuse you think America has. Guessing some of that one hundred million dollars given to HRW was to write this bullshit report.


with late miscarriage, stillbirth, and neonatal death.
First of all , may we say how sorry we are that you find yourself in the position of needing support. Baby loss is known as the last taboo, and you can feel very isolated even though you may have family and friends around you. We support parents and families through the heartbreak of baby loss at any stage, though we deal mainly with late miscarriage, stillbirth, and neonatal death.
Our Angels is a support group formed in Feb 09 and based in Harrogate. We support families through the bereavement of a baby.
We work alongside some of the staff of the Harrogate Hospital Maternity ward to try and make the heart breaking experience of losing a baby a little easier to go through.


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Il  è uno dei distretti della prefettura di Toyama, in Giappone.

Attualmente fanno parte del distretto i comuni di Asahi e Nyūzen.

Shimoniikawa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


XRP's Hose Ends and Fittings are often called the "Jewelry of the Performance Industry!" Products that perform to the highest quality standards and look cosmetically awesome as well, especially in the right hands! Thanks for this beauty shot Jana!! @nitro_barbie – XRP, Inc.


Whether you seek nature, romance, family fun, the finer things, or something else, Door County is packed with sights to see and experiences to never forget. With the Trip Planner tool, you can explore all the one-of-a-kind attractions, festivals and events, and cultural experiences the region has to offer, pin down those that grab you the most, add them to your Door County trip plan, and design your perfect trip.
Whether searching for a weekend adventure, a romantic getaway, a few days of pampering, or an escape with the family, Door County is Wisconsin's favorite tucked-away travel destination. Spend a day, a night, or a month—you sure to find whatever it is you're looking for here.
Plan your trip based on these hand crafted itineraries for the romantic, outdoor enthusiast, historian and more.


To advance the health and well-being of individuals & communities, services & programs must reflect needs & interests of the patients, families & communities served.
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality awarded a contract to American Institutes for Research to lead a team of organizations in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the Guide to Patient and Family Engagement in Hospital Quality and Safety.
HRET worked with AIR to co lead the project. The role of patients and their families is an often-overlooked avenue of improving safety and quality. By better connecting with the patient experience, hospitals can proactively anticipate actions necessary to improving the safety and quality of care provided to patients.
The Guide to Patient and Family Engagement in Hospital Quality and Safety reflects a critical step toward safer, higher quality care in the United States by encouraging and facilitating patient and family engagement to improve health care experiences, care delivery and outcomes. The guide includes interventions and materials to encourage patient and family engagement during the hospital stay and to help patients and family members become advisors at the organizational level, along with implementation guidance for hospital leaders and staff. The project team conducted formative testing of the guide prior to implementing and evaluating the guide interventions and materials in several diverse hospital settings. The mixed-methods evaluation focused on how the guide affects key outcomes, including patient and family engagement, staff satisfaction, and organizational culture.
The guide is available at http://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/systems/hospital/engagingfamilies/index.html. For more information on this project, contact Debbie Pierce, at (312) 422-2635 or dpierce@aha.org.


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Q: JMeter - Samplers are not recorded under Recording Controller
Responses got captured in View Results in Table, but samplers are not recorded under Recording Controller

A: All you need to do is just move the Recording Controller to "Test Plan" section and make it a child of the "Thread Group".
By the way, you can get a "good" recording configuration in a couple of clicks using JMeter's Templates Feature, just choose File -> Templates -> Recording -> Create from JMeter's Main Menu and the relevant test elements will appear automatically.

Remember that for HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder originated from the Template default proxy port is 8888


Jenelle Evans and Nathan Griffith of 'Teen Mom 2' Back Together?
Jenelle Evans and Nathan Griffith of 'Teen Mom 2' Back Together?
Jenelle Evans and Nathan Griffith are reportedly together again, despite Griffith's March 4 domestic violence bust.
OK! Magazine is reporting the Teen Mom 2 stars are back together just weeks after they were allegedly involved in a physical altercation.
"Jenelle is taking Nathan back. They have a family, and they're working things out. He's very sorry he pushed her the way he did," said a source.
The MTV couple have been seemingly on-again, off-again, at least according to their Twitter accounts, but OK! now says she has returned her engagement ring to her finger, and they moving forward with wedding plans.
The couple began dating in June 2013, soon after the reality star and mother of two split from her ex-husband, Courtland Rogers.
Evans and Griffith moved in together in South Carolina just weeks after meeting and began plans to start a family together. They had son Kaiser, who is now nine months old, in June.
Evans' call to 911 was obtained by Radar Online earlier this week, and Jenelle Evans can be heard asking police for assistance.
"My ex fiancé he's sitting here, he took the car keys from me denying me to go to school tomorrow. Both of our names are on the car. He doesn't even have his license and I can't take my son to school tomorrow," she told the 911-responder.
An MTV crew member, who witnessed the altercation between Jenelle Evans and Nathan Griffith, made his own call to 911 that same night.


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Short-Term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues
Benjamin F. Miller, Gavin A. Pharaoh, Karyn L. Hamilton, Fredrick F. Peelor, James L. Kirkland, Willard M. Freeman, Shivani N. Mann, Michael Kinter, John C. Price, Michael B. Stout
17α-Estradiol (17α-E2) is a "non-feminizing" estrogen that extends life span in male, but not female, mice. We recently reported that 17α-E2 had robust beneficial effects on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in aged male mice. However, it remains unclear if 17α-E2 also delays other "hallmarks" of aging, particularly maintaining proteostasis. Here, we used isotope labeling methods in older mice to examine proteostatic mechanisms. We compared weight-matched mild calorie restricted (CR) and 17α-E2 treated male mice with the hypothesis that 17α-E2 would increase protein synthesis for somatic maintenance. 17α-E2 had no effect on protein synthesis or DNA synthesis in multiple tissues, including white adipose tissue. Conversely, mild short-Term CR decreased DNA synthesis and increased the protein to DNA synthesis ratio in multiple tissues. Examination of individual protein synthesis and content did not differentiate treatments, although it provided insight into the regulation of protein content between tissues. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not see the predicted differences in protein to DNA synthesis following 17α-E2 treatment. However, mild short-Term CR elicited differences consistent with both lifelong CR and other treatments that curtail aging processes. These data indicated that despite similar maintenance of body mass, 17α-E2 and CR treatments elicit distinctly different proteostatic outcomes.
Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz113
Deuterium oxide
Protein synthesis
10.1093/gerona/glz113
Dive into the research topics of 'Short-Term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Estradiol Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Isotope Labeling Medicine & Life Sciences 27%
Maintenance Medicine & Life Sciences 26%
Proteostasis Medicine & Life Sciences 24%
White Adipose Tissue Medicine & Life Sciences 23%
Longevity Medicine & Life Sciences 17%
Miller, B. F., Pharaoh, G. A., Hamilton, K. L., Peelor, F. F., Kirkland, J. L., Freeman, W. M., Mann, S. N., Kinter, M., Price, J. C., & Stout, M. B. (2020). Short-Term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues. Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 75(5), 849-857. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz113
Short-Term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues. / Miller, Benjamin F.; Pharaoh, Gavin A.; Hamilton, Karyn L.; Peelor, Fredrick F.; Kirkland, James L.; Freeman, Willard M.; Mann, Shivani N.; Kinter, Michael; Price, John C.; Stout, Michael B.
In: Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, Vol. 75, No. 5, 17.04.2020, p. 849-857.
Miller, BF, Pharaoh, GA, Hamilton, KL, Peelor, FF, Kirkland, JL, Freeman, WM, Mann, SN, Kinter, M, Price, JC & Stout, MB 2020, 'Short-Term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues', Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol. 75, no. 5, pp. 849-857. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz113
Miller BF, Pharaoh GA, Hamilton KL, Peelor FF, Kirkland JL, Freeman WM et al. Short-Term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues. Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2020 Apr 17;75(5):849-857. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz113
Miller, Benjamin F. ; Pharaoh, Gavin A. ; Hamilton, Karyn L. ; Peelor, Fredrick F. ; Kirkland, James L. ; Freeman, Willard M. ; Mann, Shivani N. ; Kinter, Michael ; Price, John C. ; Stout, Michael B. / Short-Term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues. In: Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2020 ; Vol. 75, No. 5. pp. 849-857.
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title = "Short-Term Calorie Restriction and 17α-Estradiol Administration Elicit Divergent Effects on Proteostatic Processes and Protein Content in Metabolically Active Tissues",
abstract = "17α-Estradiol (17α-E2) is a {"}non-feminizing{"} estrogen that extends life span in male, but not female, mice. We recently reported that 17α-E2 had robust beneficial effects on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in aged male mice. However, it remains unclear if 17α-E2 also delays other {"}hallmarks{"} of aging, particularly maintaining proteostasis. Here, we used isotope labeling methods in older mice to examine proteostatic mechanisms. We compared weight-matched mild calorie restricted (CR) and 17α-E2 treated male mice with the hypothesis that 17α-E2 would increase protein synthesis for somatic maintenance. 17α-E2 had no effect on protein synthesis or DNA synthesis in multiple tissues, including white adipose tissue. Conversely, mild short-Term CR decreased DNA synthesis and increased the protein to DNA synthesis ratio in multiple tissues. Examination of individual protein synthesis and content did not differentiate treatments, although it provided insight into the regulation of protein content between tissues. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not see the predicted differences in protein to DNA synthesis following 17α-E2 treatment. However, mild short-Term CR elicited differences consistent with both lifelong CR and other treatments that curtail aging processes. These data indicated that despite similar maintenance of body mass, 17α-E2 and CR treatments elicit distinctly different proteostatic outcomes.",
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author = "Miller, {Benjamin F.} and Pharaoh, {Gavin A.} and Hamilton, {Karyn L.} and Peelor, {Fredrick F.} and Kirkland, {James L.} and Freeman, {Willard M.} and Mann, {Shivani N.} and Michael Kinter and Price, {John C.} and Stout, {Michael B.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 AG042569 to B.F.M. and K.L.H., R00 AG51661 to M.B.S, and T32 AG052363 to S.N.M.) and Pilot Research Funding from the Oklahoma Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging (M.B.S.). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America 2019.",
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AU - Miller, Benjamin F.
AU - Pharaoh, Gavin A.
AU - Hamilton, Karyn L.
AU - Peelor, Fredrick F.
AU - Kirkland, James L.
AU - Freeman, Willard M.
AU - Mann, Shivani N.
AU - Kinter, Michael
AU - Price, John C.
AU - Stout, Michael B.
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 AG042569 to B.F.M. and K.L.H., R00 AG51661 to M.B.S, and T32 AG052363 to S.N.M.) and Pilot Research Funding from the Oklahoma Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging (M.B.S.). Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America 2019.
N2 - 17α-Estradiol (17α-E2) is a "non-feminizing" estrogen that extends life span in male, but not female, mice. We recently reported that 17α-E2 had robust beneficial effects on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in aged male mice. However, it remains unclear if 17α-E2 also delays other "hallmarks" of aging, particularly maintaining proteostasis. Here, we used isotope labeling methods in older mice to examine proteostatic mechanisms. We compared weight-matched mild calorie restricted (CR) and 17α-E2 treated male mice with the hypothesis that 17α-E2 would increase protein synthesis for somatic maintenance. 17α-E2 had no effect on protein synthesis or DNA synthesis in multiple tissues, including white adipose tissue. Conversely, mild short-Term CR decreased DNA synthesis and increased the protein to DNA synthesis ratio in multiple tissues. Examination of individual protein synthesis and content did not differentiate treatments, although it provided insight into the regulation of protein content between tissues. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not see the predicted differences in protein to DNA synthesis following 17α-E2 treatment. However, mild short-Term CR elicited differences consistent with both lifelong CR and other treatments that curtail aging processes. These data indicated that despite similar maintenance of body mass, 17α-E2 and CR treatments elicit distinctly different proteostatic outcomes.
AB - 17α-Estradiol (17α-E2) is a "non-feminizing" estrogen that extends life span in male, but not female, mice. We recently reported that 17α-E2 had robust beneficial effects on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in aged male mice. However, it remains unclear if 17α-E2 also delays other "hallmarks" of aging, particularly maintaining proteostasis. Here, we used isotope labeling methods in older mice to examine proteostatic mechanisms. We compared weight-matched mild calorie restricted (CR) and 17α-E2 treated male mice with the hypothesis that 17α-E2 would increase protein synthesis for somatic maintenance. 17α-E2 had no effect on protein synthesis or DNA synthesis in multiple tissues, including white adipose tissue. Conversely, mild short-Term CR decreased DNA synthesis and increased the protein to DNA synthesis ratio in multiple tissues. Examination of individual protein synthesis and content did not differentiate treatments, although it provided insight into the regulation of protein content between tissues. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not see the predicted differences in protein to DNA synthesis following 17α-E2 treatment. However, mild short-Term CR elicited differences consistent with both lifelong CR and other treatments that curtail aging processes. These data indicated that despite similar maintenance of body mass, 17α-E2 and CR treatments elicit distinctly different proteostatic outcomes.
KW - Deuterium oxide
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KW - Protein synthesis
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Home Articles Simo Hayha Vs Vasily Zaytsev – Best Sniper in the world
Simo Hayha Vs Vasily Zaytsev – Best Sniper in the world
Simo Hayha Vasily Zaytsev
Simo Hayha was born in the town of Rautajärvi, in present day Finland in December 1905. He was raised as a farmer and hunter. At the age of 20 Simo joined the Finnish Army to serve his mandatory one year service.
A year later he was honorably discharged; having been promoted to the rank of corporal.
He later joined the Suojeluskunta (The White Guard or Civil Guard) and it is here that he honed his unbelievable talent as a marksman. Vasily Zaytsev was born on 23 March, 1915 into a family of peasants in the village of Yelenovsk in Soviet Russia. In his early years amidst the Ural Mountains Vasily had picked up his skills as a marksman while hunting deer and wolves with his gradfather and younger brother.
Unlikely as it may sound, Zaytsev started his career in the Russian Army as a clerk in the Russian Navy. When the Germans invaded Russia in WWII, Zaytsev volunteered for front line duty.
Remarkable Achievement
Amassed the highest recorded confirmed kills (505) as a sniper in any war in history. All in less than 100 days of war. 242 confirmed kills of the Wehrmacht (German Army) and other Axis armies during the decisive Battle of Stalingrad between October 1942 and January 1943. Including 11 enemy snipers.
Ran a sniper school in the Metiz factory during WWII. His trained cadets called Zaichata (Baby Hares) killed an estimated 3,000 enemy soldier.
In 1939 when Russian Red Army invaded Finland, Hayha was called into service for the 6th Company of JR 34 on the Kollaa River front. It was in this winter war that Hayha would demonstrate his unbelievable sniper skills; shooting down more than 500 enemy soldiers with his Mosin Nagrant M91 rifle. Add to that more than 200 kills with his Suomi submachine gun.
The agitated Russians called him 'The White Death' and did almost everything to counter his impact including a team of counter snipers, a whole mission to kill him and artlery action. They kept on taking casualties but could not find him.
On March 6, 1940, Häyhä was shot in his lower left jaw by a Russian soldier. He however survived the attack. The war ended soon after and peace was declared. Although outnumbered by a large margin the Finns had tactilly defended their terrotory with great efficiency and were victorious by the end. On his transfer to front line duty Zaytsev joined the 1074th Rifle regiment of the 284th "Tomsk" Rifle Division, which would eventually become part of the 62nd Army at Stalingrad from Sept. 17, 1942.
Defending the city in the rubble and ruins of Stalingrad, where the life expectancy of a soldier was less than 24 hours Zaytsev played hide and seek killing an average of six Axis soldiers each day.
705 confirmed kills
505 with rifle
200 with submachine gun 242 confirmed kills between October 1942 and January 1943
Style n Technique
Used an iron sight instead of a telescope to present the smallest possible target to the opponent. A scoped sight requires the sniper to raise his head for sighting. He dressed completely in white camouflage in the white Finnish winter; what earned him the nickname 'white death'.
Used a smaller rifle because of his smaller frame (5 foot 3 inches) thus increasing his accuracy.
Compacted the snow in front of the rifle so that it is not disturbed when he takes the shot hence giving away his position.
Put snow in his mouth to condense his breath. He did not want the vapours from his breath to give away his position. The "sixes" tactic – Zaitsev's cover one large area from three positions with two men at each point – a sniper and scout. A tactic still popular among snipers.
Decades before modern anti-material rifles Zaytsev attached a Mosin-Nagant rifle scope to an anti tank gun. The plan was to take out enemies taking cover behind walls and debris, the 20mm round proved to be very effective for this task.
Aimed to target the officers first and then worked down the chain of command.
Considered by most to be the greatest marksman that ever lived.
Nicknamed 'The White Death' by his enemies
Unofficial frontline figures from the battlefield places the number of sniper kills at over 800
The Russians they say sent out a whole battalion to gun him down. It is said that in one exploit he killed a number of enemy officers and this made the Nazis very furious so they unleashed a huge barrage of bombs, artillery and machine gun fire at his position.
Zaytsev himself made 242 confirmed kills between October 1942 and January 1943, the real number allegedly is closer to 500.
The Legend of the Snipers Duel – Made famous by the Hollywood film "Enemy at the Gates", the Germans sent an ace Sniper (Ed Harris) and head of a sniper academy to kill Zaytsev (Jude Law).
The German and Russian war archives do not mention any such duel. However Zaytsev in his memoirs claims that a duel did take place for a period of three days. He does not mention much details but that he killed the sniper and claimed his scope as his most prized trophy. He claims that a German prisoner had later identified the man to be Erwin Konig.
Who was the most impactful sniper in history?
Simo Hayha
Vasily Zaytsev
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DustyChip-_-Bruh May 9, 2018 At 10:02 pm
Adelbert F. Is Now The Best Sniper In The World Sorry SIMO Hayha And VASILY Zaytsev But, Your Out Of The Game Of Snipers.
Nathan August 9, 2018 At 3:14 am
No Simo is still the highest with 505 kills and 200 plus with his SMG
luke March 10, 2019 At 3:51 am
this is a silly " comparison". Zaytsev used a scoped rifle. Hayha NEVER used a scoped rifle only open sights. He is undoubtedly one of the best shots the world has ever seen. Sheer skill, to kill over 500 enemy with no scope. Then you can add the 300+ he killed whilst manning a belt fed machine gun.
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Crusader Fights for cause
Letitia BusniakGeraldton Guardian
Wed, 5 April 2017 4:42PM
Camera IconAllan Headland, Raema Rose-Spinks, Rowan Rose-Teubert and Anthony Bakranich have banked a donation for a special charity. Credit: Letitia Busniak, The Geraldton Guardian
Footy fans across Geraldton have been inspired to "Fight Like Maddie" and help support young people living with bone marrow failure syndromes.
Die-hard St Kilda fan Raema Rose-Spinks has led the charge in raising funds for charity organisation Maddie Riewoldt's Vision and recently banked a donation of $1556.10.
Ms Rose-Spinks was inspired to rattle the donation tin by St Kilda star Nick Riewoldt, who lost his sister Maddie to aplastic anaemia in 2015.
With the help of several close friends, Ms Rose-Spinks enlisted the help of other football fans in Geraldton to raise the money.
"We've held a few fundraisers and it's made me very happy to see the football fans who have come out to support it," she said.
"They all support different clubs but we have a great AFL family here in Geraldton and people just love the chance to help others."
Ms Rose-Spinks also handed over a cheque for $1697 in person to Riewoldt at a club event early last year.
Ms Rose-Spinks travelled to Victoria, where she met the club's captain at the Saints Junction Studio launch in February.
She has no plans to slow down on the fundraising front and has another event planned to take place at Drummonds Hall on Sunday, June 11 from 10.30am.
Ms Rose-Spinks said all were welcome for a social day out.
"This event is a great way of showing people they can go out and have a good time for only a gold coin donation, which will go towards supporting a good cause," she said.
"It's a great distraction from everyday things. Come down, enjoy a barbecue and have a chat about the footy."
Man, 49, killed in deadly weekend on Great Southern roadsPremium


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Firestone Audio iLove TW review
Compact and hi-res over USB but it needs to do more in performance terms Tested at £300
By What Hi-Fi? 03 November 2011
Name and design mean it stands out, but it needs to do more in performance terms
hi-res over USB thanks to asynchronous function
detail and dynamics
Low on design and spec frills
sound lacks warmth and finesse
Do you love Taiwan? Then we have just the DAC for you. It comes courtesy of Firestone Audio – not totally surprisingly a Taiwanese company, and clearly very proud of the fact.
The model name of your electronics need not be at the forefront of your mind when you're sat listening to it in action, of course… though, in this case, the map of Taiwan on top of the unit that lights up when it's in use does its level best to remind you.
It's all lit up
And there's plenty more light action where that comes from: a series of LEDs on the front of the box will tell you the quality of the format, from 16bit 44kHz right up to 24bit 192kHz.
In order to send hi-res audio files you will need to activate the asynchronous mode, which, in simple terms, puts the DAC in control of the flow of information, and allows hi-res audio to be sent over USB.
As well as the USB input, there's an i2S input – not the most common connection – and of course a stereo analogue output.
The benefit of this paucity of connections is that this is a cutely dinky box, the size of a typical headphone amp or phono stage. That means it doesn't look like a great deal of box for your £300, but of course those compact dimensions make it easy to tuck away somewhere.
Switch to asynchronous
Listening to standard uncompressed WAV files (and anything lower) worked fine, but results were mixed, with the DAC delivering a sound that lacked warmth and hardened up with certain treble sounds at loud volume. Rivals simply uncover more detail, too.
We had trouble getting it working in asynchronous mode on our first laptop (Windows) but a second laptop (a Mac, conversely) thankfully worked.
And there was a jump in quality – though don't get too excited. A 24-bit 176kHz version of Rolling Stones's Beggars Banquet did reveal a little more detail, but it's a small increment.
There's not much to this Firestone DAC – and we're not sure it justifies the outlay. There are more versatile, better sounding DACs on the market.
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