Here's a slideshow of just a few of my favs.
These are so good, just sat here watched this a few times and cried. I can't pick my favorite I love them all. Can't wait till Callie gets home so she can see them. We love them. Thank You So Much!
Thanks for taking pictures for us today. You did a fabulous job. These are beautiful. We can't wait to see the rest of them. Glad you were apart of this special time.
It's time Students! I want to see what you've learned this far into our lessons so get your camera and get ready. I want you to post your best Shallow Depth of Field images and show me what you've got. So open up those apertures and join the Samantha Alday Photography Assignment Group on Flickr and get goin'! Read back over the lesson if you need refreshing!
I'll post my favorites next Thursday (6/10) and give a constructive critique on each and post my top favorite on Friday. I'll choose my fav (aka the winner of this assignment) based on the best representation and use of ISO and Aperture. Amateur's only please.


text:
Hamilton limits public letters on council's agenda
News Feb 05, 2021 by Kevin Werner Stoney Creek News
Hamilton's clerks will prevent letters from the public that allege Code of Conduct violations against councillors from appearing on council and committee agendas and instead will redirect them to the integrity commissioner for review.
In an amendment to council's procedural bylaw, the audit and finance committee agreed Feb. 4 in a 6-0 vote to refer all letters from the public that allege Code of Conduct breaches by councillors to the integrity commissioner. The recommendation will be reviewed at the Feb. 10 council meeting.
Stoney Creek Coun. Brad Clark, who crafted the amendment, said letters from the public that admonish or criticize councillors for a planning decision or any other city issue will be allowed to be included in council and committee agenda packages that are available to the public.
"We are not prohibiting people from criticizing councillors or council," said Clark. "They can dispute any issue before council. It's only Code of Conduct complaints" that will be prohibited from the public's view.
"This has been a real challenge for me because I'm trying to thread this needle, so we are ensuring transparency and openness in the broader community about the communications that are coming in," said Clark.
Delineating what letters written by individuals can be made public was prompted by the city's clerks when they proposed changes to council's procedural bylaw to prohibit letters that criticized councillors from being available on public meeting agendas. They argued that councillors are not qualified to decide upon a Code of Conduct allegation against a councillor.
"So these complaints that come to us, we can't deal with them anyways," said Clark.
The proposed change to the city's procedural bylaw would prevent communications referring to the conduct of "a member(s) of Council or any member of a body."
In addition, the proposed change state communications "will not be placed on a Standing Committee Agenda and the author will be advised of the process for filing a complaint with the Integrity Commissioner."
Hamilton city solicitor Nicole Auty said under the Municipal Act and Integrity Commissioner regulation any complaint that is made under the city's Code of Conduct legislation must remain confidential. The Ombudsman has also upheld the legislation stating that any communication regarding the behaviour of a councillor is referred to the integrity commissioner.
"By putting them on the public agenda, that puts us in jeopardy under that process," said Auty.
Clark said if the integrity commissioner reviews the Code of Conduct allegation and conducts a review of the councillor or councillors, eventually the report will be sent to council and available to the public.
Hamilton proposes to refer all public letters alleging Code of Conduct violations against councillors to the integrity commissioner
Proposed Hamilton policy will only protect councillors' reputations

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


NEW DELHI: Rejecting recommendations of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on National Medical Commission Bill, the Indian Medical Association, the largest body of private doctors in India, on Sunday called for an indefinite strike from April 2. More than 25,000 doctors held a 'mahapanchayat' in Delhi and opposed the parliament panel's recommendations and the bill.
IMA national president Ravi Wankhedkar said all medical students and doctors will go on an indefinite strike on April 2. He said there was no need for any law if the government wanted to boost only AYUSH, homoeopathy, pharmacists and dentists. "The PSC report is deceptive to such an extent that it will open the floodgates to allow back-door entry to cross-pathy, thereby promoting quackery legally. Even after cosmetic amendments, core issues still remain where it is." Declaring hospitals "safe zones" was one of the issues discussed at the mahapanchayat.
Vinay Aggarwal, coordinator of the mahapanchayat, emphasized on the issue of violence against doctors and insisted that the "problems faced by doctors are enough, now it's time to payback". People should understand the meaning of medical negligence and that a doctor never intends to perform a wrong surgery, IMA said.
IMA needs to rethink.People\'s sympathy & support will be more towards parliament & govt as the stand of rural healthcare has sound logic.Rather IMA should come out with some good suggestion for a win win situation.IMA needs to be accommodative.IMA has to understand the fact that people are vehemently in support of govt\'s endeavour for rural healthcare.Even many MBBS doctors have come out in support of govt\'s stand.Political parties across party line are favouring effective measures for rural healthcare.Hence,IMA must analyse all pros & cons before taking such a drastic step of strike. If IMA comes out with any viable solution,it is certain that Govt will certainly incorporate it as govt certainly likes to avoid any sort of confrontation.Let good sense prevail.


Medical expenses paid for dependents may be deducted. To claim these expenses, the person must have been a dependent either at the time the medical services were provided or at the time the expenses were paid. The qualifications for a medical dependent are less stringent than those for a regular dependent.
1. That person lived with the taxpayer for the entire year as a member of the household or is related.
2.That person was a U.S. citizen or resident, or a resident of Canada or Mexico for some part of the calendar year in which the tax year began.
3.The taxpayer provided over half of that person's total support for the calendar year. Medical expenses of any person who is a dependent may be included, even if an exemption for him or her cannot be claimed on the return.


text:
\section{Introduction}
Evolution and structure of language is often analysed using computational modelling \cite{cangelosi_2002,nolfi_2010,ulizia_2020}. A particularly appealing research paradigm is inspired by the idea that language might have spontaneously appeared in a population of communicating individuals, possibly with some adaptive features \cite{pinker_1990}. This standpoint prompted numerous analysis of multi-agent models, which mimic such  communication and try to infer the properties of the emerging language and its possible further evolution  \cite{ steels_2012experiments, gong2014modelling, kirby2014iterated}.

In certain models of this kind, language emergence and evolution is studied using the signaling game \cite{lewis2002convention}, where  communicating agents must decide which signal (i.e., a word) to send or how to interpret the signal they have received. To cope with this, agents  very often use some form of the reinforcement learning  \cite{skyrms2010signals, lenaerts2005evolutionary, barrett2006numerical, franke2016evolution, muhlenbernd2012simulating, liplipplos, vaneecke2020reconceptualising}.
Language that emerges in such models may provide a unique form-meaning mapping (in a signaling game terminology, it is a signaling system), but there are also other possibilities. In some cases, synonyms or homonyms can emerge,  destroying thus  the unambiguity of the form-meaning mapping. Neglecting some linguistic nuances \cite{ravin2000polysemy}, synonymy means that a single concept can be expressed by different words while in the case of homonymy, one word carries different meanings.

Of course, synonyms and homonyms should not be considered undesirable or unrealistic as they exist in virtually every natural language, and are actually quite common.
For example, out of approximately 60,000 entries in Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, about 35\% are homonyms with two or more meanings \cite{byrd1987tools}. The thesaurus based on Corpus of Contemporary American English (containing 385 million words) points to 30,000 words with a total of 370,000 synonyms \cite{davies2009385}. Let us notice, however,
that in most cases synonymous words correspond to similar, not the same, meanings \cite{jackson2007words}.

It seems quite plausible that synonyms or homonyms change in time. For example, the frequency of their usage may change and gradually one form will be preferred over the other, and the latter eventually can even disappear. Although linguistic data are difficult to interpret, there are some indications that in natural languages synonyms are quite rare in contrast to homonyms, which appear to be more common \cite{hurford_2003, clark1990pragmatics}.  Some linguists even insist that true synonyms do not exist or at best are very rare compared to homonyms \cite{lyons1981language, goldberg1995constructions}.
There are some arguments that the difference in the frequency of synonyms and homonyms may be due to evolutionary pressures favouring speakers rather than hearers \cite{hurford_2003}, or to language acquisition in  childhood \cite{markman1989categorization}.

Let us notice that synonyms actually compete in a quite different way from homonyms, which can be demonstrated  already within the framework of the signaling game. While synonymous words compete for being selected by a speaker, for a homonymous word, it is the hearer's role to assign an appropriate interpretation. It is thus possible that such a difference can affect an overall dynamics of synonyms and homonyms and eventually result in different degrees of their prevalence.

In the present paper, we examine evolution of synonyms and homonyms within the framework of the signaling game.  We show that this evolution depends on the selection mechanism that is implemented in signaling game.
Our results suggest that to be consistent with  linguistic observations, the dynamics of our model should implement a certain positive feedback, known in some marketing or economic contexts as Metcalfe's Law \cite{shapiro1998information}. Qualitatively, some of our numerical results can be better understood by referring to certain urn models.

\section {Model}
First, we briefly describe a certain urn model that will help us to understand some aspects of our mult-agent signaling game.
\subsection{Nonlinear urn model}\label{nonum}
Urn models were introduced by P\'olya \cite{eggenberger1923uber} and intensively studied since then \cite{pemantle2007survey}. In such models, one considers an urn with white and black balls.  At each step, one of the balls is drawn randomly from the urn and its colour observed. It is then placed back in the urn together with an additional ball of the same colour,  and the process is repeated. In the simplest version, the probability to select a ball of a given colour is proportional to the number of such balls in the urn. Particularly interesting for us, however, is  a nonlinear version of such a model,  where the selection probability is proportional to the number of balls raised to a certain power~$\alpha$ \cite{drinea2002balls}.
The case $\alpha>1$ can be interpreted as a positive feedback, commonly referred to as Metcalfe's law \cite{shapiro1998information}. In this case, the urn becomes dominated by balls of one colour. For $\alpha<1$, one might say that there is a negative feedback and the urn tends to the state with an equal number of balls of each colour. The orignal P\'olya urn model is equivalent to the $\alpha=1$ case  and it separates these two different regimes.

To develop a heuristic understanding of the behaviour of such a nonlinear urn model \cite{drinea2002balls}, first we denote the number of white and black balls by $x(t)$ and $y(t)$, where $t$ is the total number of balls in the system.  The probability that the ball selected at time $t+1$ is white equals $\frac{x(t)^{\alpha}}{x(t)^{\alpha}+y(t)^{\alpha}}$. Thus, the expected change of $x(t)$ might be written as
\begin{equation}
\Delta x(t)=E[x(t+1)-x(t)]=\frac{x(t)^{\alpha}}{x(t)^{\alpha}+y(t)^{\alpha}},
\label{e-drinea}
\end{equation}
and similarly for $y(t)$. Using the heuristic approximation $\frac{\Delta y(t)}{\Delta x(t)}=\frac{dy}{dx}$ we obtain

\begin{equation}
\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{y^{\alpha}}{x^{\alpha}}.
\label{e-drinea1}
\end{equation}
When $\alpha=1$, the solution of Eq.~(\ref{e-drinea1}) is $y=cx$, where $c$ is a certain constant. Integrating Eq.~(\ref{e-drinea1}) for $\alpha<1$, one obtains that $y/x$ goes to 1 in the long run. For $\alpha>1$, one obtains that $y/x$ goes to 0 or infinity \cite{drinea2002balls}.  As we will suggest in the following, such a nonlinear urn model can help us understand the stability and evolution of synonyms and homonyms, at least within the framework of the signaling game.

\subsection{Multi-agent signaling game with reinforcement learning}
In our model, we have a population of $N$~agents, which  play a variant of the signaling game trying to establish names for $n_o$~objects. Agents are placed at the sites of a network, and in the present paper we assume that it is a complete graph, where each site is connected, and thus can communicate, with all the remaining sites. Each agent~($A$) for each object~($o$) has an inventory, where it stores $n_w$~words ($i$) with their corresponding weights:
\begin{equation}
w(A)_{i,o}    \ \ \   A=1,\ldots, N \ \  i=1,\ldots, n_w \ \ o=1,\ldots, n_o
\label{weight}
\end{equation}
In an elementary step, a randomly selected agent (the speaker) communicates with one of its neighbours (the hearer). The speaker ($S$) chooses an object ($o$) and from a corresponding inventory selects a word ($i$), with a probability of selection ($p(S)_{i,o}$)  proportional to the weight of this word ($w(S)_{i,o}$) raised to a certain power $\alpha$.  More precisely,
\begin{equation}
p(S)_{i,o}=\frac{w(S)^{\alpha}_{i,o}}{\sum^{n_w}_{j=1}w(S)^{\alpha}_{j,o}}
\label{selctprob}
\end{equation}
To interpret the communicated word~($i$), i.e., to select an appropriate object~($o$), the hearer~($H$)  takes into account the weights of the communicated word in all inventories and a similar form of the probability of selection is used:
\begin{equation}
p(H)_{i,o}=\frac{w(H)^{\alpha}_{i,o}}{\sum^{n_o}_{q=1}w(H)^{\alpha}_{i,q}}
\label{selctprob1}
\end{equation}

When hearer's interpretation (i.e., the object it selects) agrees with speaker's choice, the reward for their communicative success is that they both increase by unity the weights of the communicated word in their respective inventories, which improves the chances of choosing successful words in future communication attempts (reinforcement learning). To avoid an excessive increase of weights, which could result in stable configurations, we apply a population renewal, which means that   the selected agent with a certain (small) probability~$p$ does not become a speaker but instead is replaced with a newly created agent with all weights $w(A)_{i,o}=1$. The population renewal is not the only way to avoid a standstill as one can use some other techniques such as memory loss or lateral inhibition  \cite{spike2017minimal}.

To examine a time dependance in our model, a unit of time $t=1$ is defined as $N\cdot n_o$ of elementary steps, i.e., in a unit of time for each agent each object is on average  once selected by a speaker.

The model described above has already been used to examine the role of the network structure in the emergence of linguistic coherence \cite{liplipplos}. It was observed that $\alpha>1$  leads to a faster convergence than $\alpha=1$ but not necessarily to a linguistic coherence state (i.e., a signaling system).  A moderate intensity of a population renewal helps to  reach such a coherence, but too large  impedes the process. However, some other factors, such as the structure of the network of interactions or parameters $n_o$ and $n_w$, also affect the evolution of the model \cite{liplipplos}. We do not  examine our model for $\alpha<1$ because in this case the probabilities of selection increase sublinearly with accumulated weights, which inhibits reaching the linguistic coherence. As we  show in the following sections, parameter $\alpha$ qualitatively affects the evolution of synonyms and homonyms in our model.

The nonlinear urn model described in the previous subsection plays only an auxiliary role. The signaling game model that we defined in this section  can be considered as a multi-urn generalization of such a single-urn model with weights $w(A)_{i,o}$ (Eq.~(\ref{weight})) corresponding to the number of balls.  Let us also note that the selection probabilites Eq.~(\ref{selctprob}) and  Eq.~(\ref{selctprob1}) are determined by the same set of weights. To select a word for an object, the speaker takes into account the weights of all words in the corresponding repository (the summation in Eq.~(\ref{selctprob})  is over words). On the other hand, to interpret the communicated word, the hearer takes into account the weights of this word in all repositories (the summation in Eq.~(\ref{selctprob1}) is over objects).   In some implementations of the signaling game, separate inventories are used for the selection of communicated words and for their interpretation \cite{muhl2014}.

\section{Synonyms}
To examine the evolution of synonyms, we prepared an initial configuration with synonyms, where for each object~($i$), agents have a set pair of words ($2i$ and $2i-1$) of weights larger than those of other words in the respective inventory (for simplicity, we chose two consecutive words for subsequent objects).  An example of such configuration  for $n_o=2$ and $n_w=5$ is shown in Fig.~\ref{syno}. Initially, thus,  agents are inclined to use one of those two words for an object. To monitor to what extent the synonymous structure persists in the system, we measured the parameter~$m$ defined as
\begin {equation}
m=\frac{1}{N n_o}\sum_{A=1}^N \sum_{i=1}^{n_o} \frac{|w(A)_{2i,i}-w(A)_{2i-1,i}|}{w(A)_{2i,i}+w(A)_{2i-1,i}}
\label{eq-s}
\end {equation}
This parameter measures the relative difference of weights of synonymous words. When synonyms persist in the system and have approximately equal weights, then $m$~is close to~0. When synonyms are eliminated,  typically one of the synonymous words loses importance (i.e., its weight) and $m$~increases toward unity.
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[clip, trim=0cm 5.8cm 11cm 1cm, width=\columnwidth]{syno.eps}
\vspace{-0mm}
\caption{Two examplary agent's inventories of five words (left column) with weights (right column; $n_o=2$ and $n_w=5$). To examine the evolution of synonyms, we used  an initial configuration where in each agent's inventory, there is a pair of words with larger weights. When talking about object $O_1$ (or $O_2$), agents are initially inclined to communicate using synonymous words $r_1$ and $r_2$ (or $r_3$ and $r_4$).
}
\label{syno}
\end{figure}

Numerical simulations show that persistence of synonyms strongly depends on $\alpha$ (Fig.~\ref{time-syno}).   As simulations with $n_o=20$ and $n_w=60$ demonstrate, the characteristic life-time of synonyms increases for decreasing $\alpha$ and it seems to diverge for $\alpha\rightarrow 1$. For $\alpha=1$ synonyms seem to be very stable (even up to $t=10^6$) and such a behaviour was observed for several sets of parameters~$n_o$ and~$n_w$.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{synonyms.eps}
\vspace{-0mm}
\caption{ Time evolution of synonyms as measured with the parameter~$m$ (Eq.~(\ref{eq-s})). Simulations were done for $N=10^3$ agents and the presented results are averages over 100 independent runs. Note the logarithmic scale on the horizontal axis.
}
\label{time-syno}
\end{figure}

Such a behaviour of synonyms can be understood referring to the nonlinear  urn model described in section \ref{nonum}. Assuming that for a given object the two competing synonyms have dominant weights, we can neglect other words in this inventory. Moreover, we can assume that these two words have  rather small weights in inventories corresponding to other objects. The weights of the first and second synonyms at time~$t$ are denoted by $x(t)$ and $y(t)$, respectively. The average change of $x(t)$ in one elementary step is equal to the probability that this  synonym will be selected by the speaker (which is $\frac{x(t)^{\alpha}}{x(t)^{\alpha}+y(t)^{\alpha}}$, because the two synonymous words dominate in the inventory) times the probability that this word will be correctly interpreted by the hearer (which equals~1, as we assumed that this word does not have large weights in any other inventory). Thus the average increase $\Delta x(t)$ has exactly the same form as in Eq.~(\ref{e-drinea}). Since the analogous equation can be written for $\Delta y(t)$, we obtain that the competition of synonyms in our model is equivalent to the nonlinear urn model (subject to some simplifying assumptions that we made).
From the analysis of the latter, it is thus clear that for $\alpha>1$, one of the synonyms gets eliminated while for $\alpha=1$, both of them are likely to persist.

To illustrate the evolution of the model with synonymous initial conditions, we plotted the weights of given objects and words (Fig.~\ref{syno-weights}, Fig.~\ref{syno-weights1}). The weights are normalized with the total weight (the sum of weights over all objects and words). Initally, for each object two words have their weights larger (than other words in the inventory) and mainly such synonyms are in use. For $\alpha=1.5$ (Fig.~\ref{syno-weights}), after approximately $25\cdot 10^3$ steps, a certain asymmetry is noticeable and gradually some of these synonymous words start to dominate. Further evolution leads to the formation of a unique object-word mapping (i.e, signaling system), where a single word is almost always used by a speaker to communicate a given object and this word is almost always correctly interpreted by a hearer. Since $\alpha=1.5$ is not much greater than unity, the process of elimination of synonyms is relatively slow.
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{syno-weights.eps}
\vspace{-0mm}
\caption{ Evolution of the weights (averaged over $N=10^3$ agents) for given objects and words. Simulations were done for $n_o=10$, $n_w=30$, $\alpha=1.5$, and $p=10^{-5}$. The initial configuration of weights includes 10 pairs of synonymous words. After $25\cdot 10^3$ steps, some asymmetry in weights can be noticed and at $t=5\cdot 10^4$, an almost perfect unique object-word mapping can be seen.
}
\label{syno-weights}
\end{figure}

Similar calculations for $\alpha=1$ (Fig.~\ref{syno-weights1}) show that in this case the pairs of synonyms exist basically unchanged for at least $t=10^6$ steps, in agreement with the above analysis based on the nonlinear urn model (Fig.~\ref{syno-weights1}).

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{syno-weights1.eps}
\vspace{-0mm}
\caption{ Evolution of the weights (averaged over $N=10^3$ agents) for given objects and words. Simulations were done for $n_o=10$, $n_w=30$, $\alpha=1$, and $p=10^{-5}$. The initial configuration of weights includes 10 pairs of synonymous words. Evolution of the model shows that in this case synonyms are very stable.
}
\label{syno-weights1}
\end{figure}

\section{Homonyms}
To examine the evolution of homonyms, we prepared the initial configuration with homonyms, i.e., this time one word of a large weight is associated with a chosen pair of objects. An example of such a configuration is shown in Fig.~\ref{homo}.

\vspace{5mm}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[clip, trim=0cm 10cm 12cm 3cm, width=\columnwidth]{homo.eps}
\vspace{-0mm}
\caption{ Two examplary agent's inventories of two words (left column) with weights (right column; $n_o=2$ and $n_w=2$). To examine the evolution of homonyms, we used  an initial configuration where agent's inventories are grouped in pairs containing the same word with a weight larger than those of other words in these two inventories.  When talking about any of the objects $O_1$ or $O_2$, agents are initially inclined to communicate using the word~$r_1$. However, as a homonym, this word in both inventories has equal weights and the probability of its correct interpretation is only~0.5.
}
\label{homo}
\end{figure}
In the case of homonyms, the communicated word can be incorrectly interpreted by the hearer, which reduces the success rate~$s$ of communicating agents, where $s$~is defined as a fraction of successfull communication attempts. Thus, such a parameter is  suitable for monitoring the stability of homonyms.

We made numerical simulations for the simplest possible case of $n_o=2$ and $n_w=2$ (a single homonym) but we believe that our conclusions concerning the stability of homonyms may also hold in other cases. We examined several values of $\alpha$ and the population renewal probability  $p=10^{-5}$ or $10^{-6}$ (Fig.~{\ref{time-homo}}). As expected, initially $s$~is close to 0.5  (see Fig.~\ref{homo}), however, it increases over simulation time, which indicates that homonymy is gradually eliminated and a unique object-word mapping is formed.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{homonyms.eps}
\vspace{-0mm}
\caption{ Time evolution of the success rate~$s$ for the initial configuration with homonyms. Simulations were done for $N=10^3$ agents, and $n_o=2$, $n_w=2$. The presented results are averages over 100 independent runs.
}
\label{time-homo}
\end{figure}

Let us notice the nonmonotonic behaviour with respect to the parameter $\alpha$. For $\alpha=1$, the success rate~$s$ rapidly increases, but the increase is much smaller for $\alpha=1.2$ and 1.5. For $\alpha\geq 2$, the increase of~$s$ is again relatively fast. Since an increase in the success rate~$s$ is related to elimination of homonyms, our simulations show that homonyms are the most stable  for $\alpha=1.2$ and~$1.5$.

However, it is in our opinion somewhat surprising that for $\alpha=1$, we observe a fast increase of~$s$,  which is much in contrast with the stability of synonyms in this case.
Some understanding of such behaviour can be inferred from the analysis of a certain urn model, which should approximately reflect the beginning of homonym elimination. The process starts when in a certain inventory a non-homonymous word acquires a sufficiently large weight and further evolution makes it a dominant word, which suppresses a homonym. For simplicity, let us consider only the inventory, where such a process takes place (first inventory in Fig.~\ref{homo1}).
Denoting the weights of the competing words by $x(t)$ (homonymous word) and $y(t)$ (non-homonymous word), we can write the following equations  that  describe their average change in a single step:
\begin{equation}
\label{homo-eq1}
\Delta x(t)=p_h\frac{x(t)^{\alpha}}{x(t)^{\alpha}+y(t)^{\alpha}}, \
\ \Delta y(t)=p_{nh}\frac{y(t)^{\alpha}}{x(t)^{\alpha}+y(t)^{\alpha}}
\end{equation}
The factors $p_h$ and $p_{nh}$ are the probabilities that homonymous and non-homonymous words, respectively,  will be correctly interpreted.
The terms $\frac{x(t)^{\alpha}}{x(t)^{\alpha}+y(t)^{\alpha}}$ and $\frac{y(t)^{\alpha}}{x(t)^{\alpha}+y(t)^{\alpha}}$  in Eq.~(\ref{homo-eq1}) are the probabilites to select homonymous and non-homonymous words, respectively.  From the above equations and with the same heuristic replacement as in Eq.~(\ref{e-drinea1}), we obtain:
\begin{equation}
\label{homo-eq2}
\frac{dx}{dy}=\frac{p_h}{p_{nh}}\frac{x^{\alpha}}{y^{\alpha}}
\end{equation}
\vspace{5mm}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[clip, trim=0cm 6cm 12cm 7cm,width=0.5\columnwidth]{homo1.pdf}
\vspace{-0mm}
\caption{ The non-homonymous word~$r_2$ acquired a weight larger in the first inventory (for the object $O_1$) than in the second one (for the object $O_2$). When it happen to be communicated by a speaker who has chosen the object $O_1$, it is likely to be correctly interpreted by a hearer, which will result in a further increase in its weight in the first inventory.
}
\label{homo1}
\end{figure}
Let us notice that when a non-homonymous word that acquired a large weight in a certain inventory is communicated, it is very likely that it will be correctly interpreted (as illustrated in Fig.~\ref{homo1}). Thus we expect that $p_{nh}$ is close to~1 and $p_h$ is close to~0.5  because at the beginning of the homonym elimination, both homonyms are symmetric (i.e., of equal weights).
Integrating Eq.~(\ref{homo-eq2}), for $\alpha=1$  we obtain  $x=C y^{p_h/p_{nh}}$, where $C$~is a certain constant.
Thus, for $t\rightarrow \infty$  and $p_h/p_{nh}<1$ (which is the case, as justified above), the ratio~$x/y$ equals~0.
In other words, the weight of a non-homonymous word will dominate that of a homonymous word. It means that the non-homonymous word, even with a much smaller weight initially, will overtake a homonym in the long run.

In our opinion, this result is by no means obvious and because the differential equation approach (Eq.~(\ref{homo-eq2})) is based on some heuristic assumptions, we made simulations of the urn model with the rules corresponding to Eq.~(\ref{homo-eq1}) with $\alpha=1$. Namely, there are $x(t)$ white balls and $y(t)$ black balls in the urn. We select randomly one of them. If it is a white one, then with probability~1/2 we add a white ball to the urn (and with probability~1/2 we do nothing).  If  the selected ball is black, we add one black ball to the urn. Numerical results for this urn model support the above analysis (Fig.~\ref{weights}). We can see that even when initial conditions strongly favour  $x(t)$ (homonymous word), it is   $y(t)$  (non-homonymous word) that dominates in the long run.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{weight.eps}
\vspace{-0mm}
\caption{ Time evolution of the average weights $x(t)$ and $y(t)$ for the urn model with a stochastic addition (see the text).  The presented results are averages over 20 independent runs.
}
\label{weights}
\end{figure}

When $\alpha>1$, the prefactor $\frac{p_h}{p_{nh}}$ in Eq.~(\ref{homo-eq2}) is unimportant and similarly as for the nonlinear urn model Eqs.~(\ref{e-drinea}-\ref{e-drinea1}), we obtain that $y/x$ is equal to~0 or~$\infty$. However, in the context of the evolution of homonyms, we have the initial condition that favours $x(t)$ and thus for $\alpha>1$ one gets $y/x\rightarrow 0$ and homonyms appear to be stable against words that due to fluctuations acquired a relatively large weight. We would like to emphasize that this conclusion is based on the heuristic analysis of the nonlinear urn model.  The signaling game with its stochastic fluctuations and additional factors such as population renewal only to some extent agrees with this behaviour. Indeed, as demonstrated in Fig.~\ref{time-homo}, for $\alpha>1$ homonyms seem to be more stable than for $\alpha=1$, but in the long run, they are also  gradually eliminated.

Finally, we present the evolution of weights in simulations  with a larger number of objects and words.
The initial weights detrmine 5 homonyms (each representing two objects). For $\alpha=1.5$ (Fig.~\ref{homo-weights}) at $t=15\cdot 10^3$, we can notice that for some objects  non-homonymous words acquired substantial weights and they gradually suppress the homonym. Around $t=5\cdot 10^4$ all homonyms are eliminated and a unique object-word mapping is formed. However, in this case homonyms are relatively  long-lived (see Fig.~\ref{time-homo}).   We made similar calculations  for $\alpha=1$ (Fig.~\ref{homo-weights1}), in which case homonyms seem to be eliminated a bit faster. The resulting language contains also some synonyms, and because $\alpha=1$, they are likely to persist.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{homo-weights.eps}
\vspace{-5mm}
\caption{ Evolution of the weights (averaged over $N=10^3$ agents) for given objects and words. Simulations were done for $n_o=10$, $n_w=30$, $\alpha=1.5$, and $p=10^{-5}$ and the initial configuration of weights corresponds to 5~homonyms,  each with 2~meanings (objects). After $15\cdot 10^3$ steps, non-homonymous words for some objects acquire increasing weights and gradually dominate homonymous ones. Around $5\cdot 10^4$, we can see an almost perfectly unique object-word mapping.
}
\label{homo-weights}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{homo-weights1.eps}
\vspace{-5mm}
\caption{ Evolution of the weights (averaged over $N=10^3$ agents) for given objects and words. Simulations were done for $n_o=10$, $n_w=30$, $\alpha=1$ and $p=10^{-5}$ and the initial configuration of weights corresponds to 5~homonyms,  each with 2~meanings (objects). Around $3\cdot 10^5$, homonyms are basically eliminated but the emerging language contains synonyms (even multiple).
}
\label{homo-weights1}
\end{figure}
Fig. \ref{syno-weights1}  and Fig. \ref{homo-weights1} show that the signaling game with $\alpha=1$ is characterized by very stable synonyms and a relatively fast elimination of homonyms, which seems to be different from linguisitc observations of natural  languages. With moderate nonlinearity (e.g., $\alpha=1.5$), both synonyms and homonyms decay on comparable time scales (Fig. \ref{syno-weights}, Fig. \ref{homo-weights}), which seems to be more adequate.
\vspace{5mm}

Finally, let us notice that the initial configurations that we used have maximal numbers of synonyms or homonyms and differ, of course, from existing languages, where the frequency of such structures is much smaller. Such a choice, however, simplifies computational analysis and enables us to monitor the evolution of syno- and homonyms. We expect that a signaling game with a more realistic initial configuration should exhibit an analogous behaviour but its computational analysis would be much more demanding, e.g., due to a much larger number of objects ($n_o$) that would need to be considered.

\section{Conclusions}
In the present paper, we suggest that the presence of synonoyms and homonyms in natural languages may give us some valuable clues as to the nature of the mechanisms that drive linguistic processes.
Within the framework of the signaling game, we argue  that the reinforcement learning should operate in the super-linear regime (\mbox{$\alpha>1$}) with probabilities of selections increasing faster than linearly with the accumulated weights. The  linear regime  ($\alpha=1$) would, instead, lead to languages with very stable synonyms and relatively fast decaying homonyms, which is probably at odds with some linguistic observations \cite{hurford_2003}.

We have argued that certain aspects of the dynamics of synonyms and homonyms in the signaling game can be understood due to the similarity to the nonlinear urn model \cite{drinea2002balls}.  The relationship is not entirely straightforward: the monopolistic regime that appears in the nonlinear urn model translates as a removal of synonyms but for homonyms, it actually protects their stability.
The signaling game is of course more complex than the urn model and an analysis of the latter  provides only a limited insight into the evolution of synonyms and homonyms in the signaling game. Let us also note that our model contains several parameters such as $N$, $n_o$, $n_w$, $\alpha$, or $p$. Together with the choice of the network of interactions (it is a complete graph in our study) or the initial values of weights, these are all the factors influencing the evolution of the model. We did only very limited numerical analyses for the values of parameters that, in our opinion, correspond to some generic (within some bounds) behaviour of the model. Of course, more complete analyses of the model would be desirable.

As we have already mentioned, synonyms, contrary to homonyms, do not reduce the communicative  efficiency in the signaling game.  However, such a property should  not be considered as implying that synonyms are stable and homonyms are not. Although for $\alpha=1$, we indeed observe stable synonyms and unstable homonyms, the reverse situation takes place for $\alpha>1$ (in which case the impact of synonyms and homonyms on the communicative efficiency is the same).  As a possible further extension, one could consider the possibility that synonyms are less stable if there is a cost related to the size of the inventory used, i.e., when there is a pressure against using more words than necessary for perfect communication. Moreover, homonymy can be evolutionarily stable if the signaling game is modified, for example, when there are additional sources of information that  can be used for disambiguation by the hearer  \cite{o2015ambiguity,santana2014ambiguity,muhl2021}.

Perhaps an interesting question is why nonlinear ($\alpha>1$) rather than (maybe naively expected) linear ($\alpha=1$) feedback drives linguistic processes. In marketing or economic contexts, a competition between, e.g.,  video recording formats, operating systems, and even keyboard types  is often discussed, in which cases the value of the system grows probably faster than linearly with the number of users (Metcalfe's Law)   \cite{shapiro1998information, arthur1994increasing}. In the signaling game, it would mean that a benefit of using a certain word (and thus a probability of its future selection) increases faster than linearly with the number of successful communications. Considering   the complexities of language evolution, with its various social, biological, and cognitive aspects, it seems quite likely.

\authorcontributions{conceptualization, D.L. ; methodology, A.L.; software, A.L. and D.L.; validation, A.L. and D.L.; investigation, A.L.  and D.L..; writing--review and editing, A.L. and D.L.; visualization, A.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.'', please turn to the  \href{http://img.mdpi.org/data/contributor-role-instruction.pdf}{CRediT taxonomy} for the term explanation. Authorship must be limited to those who have contributed substantially to the work reported.}

\conflictsofinterest{The authors declare no conflict of interest.}
\reftitle{References}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
McGill sweeps Carabins to capture 15th Quebec women's hockey championship
March 1, 2020 —
The McGill Martlets: 2020 RSEQ women's hockey championsJames Hajjar, courtesy, U. de Montreal
Senior rearguard Emilia Cotter scored the insurance goal and added an assist as fifth-ranked McGill skated to a convincing 4-1 victory over the No.9 Montreal Carabins to capture the Ed Enos Trophy as champions of the RSEQ women's hockey league, Saturday, before a crowd of about 400 at CEPSUM Arena.
It was the first Quebec league title in three years and the 15th overall for the Martlets, who swept the best-of-three series, including a 4-2 result in the opener on Thursday at McConnell Arena. Both Quebec finalists, however, advance to the U SPORTS Final Eight national championship in Charlottetown, March 12-15.
McGill, which is riding a six-game win streak, improved to 6-1 on the season against the Carabins and now owns a 54-29 overall record in 83-lifetime meetings since Montreal joined the Quebec conference in 2009. The bitter rivals, who are based on opposite slopes of Mt. Royal, could cross paths again this season as they will both travel to the nationals, hosted by the University of Prince Edward Island, where McGill, as Quebec champs, will benefit from preferential seeding.
Martlet hockey program "is a process"
"We played a well-structured game," said head coach Peter Smith, who now owns a 534-229-33 record in 796 games overall during his 20 seasons behind the McGill bench. "I didn't think we played at our pace in the first period but then we talked about it and made a couple of adjustments. In the second and third we played a very disciplined game at a good pace.
"The Martlets hockey program is a process from start to finish and you can't evaluate our team (after a slow start) from September to October. You need to evaluate us for the progress we make over the course of the year," said Smith. "We have such a hard-working group and now that we've gotten to this time of year, our hard work is paying off. I'm happy for the players, they've played well, worked hard and won the RSEQ championship. We haven't won in a couple of years and it was terrific."
Kellyane Lecours, of Victoriaville, Que., opened the scoring at 7:57 of the second period, registering her first of the post-season after a crisp pass from linemate Marika Labrecque, who collected a pair of helpers in the contest.
Stephanie Desjardins, a 5-foot-4 forward from Grand Falls, N.B., potted what proved to be the game-winner at 12:50 of the middle period, assisted by defenceman Cassidy Bell. It was the second marker of the post-season for Desjardins, an industrial relations junior, who improved her career record to 25-23-48 in 103 games overall.
However, Carabins forward Eloise Dube responded just 33 seconds, reducing the deficit to 2-1.
Cotter leads the way
Cotter, the veteran team captain from Toronto, restored a two-goal cushion at 17:49 of the middle period to put her team up 3-1 going into the final stretch. She received a cross-ice pass from Labrecque – who was stationed in the faceoff circle – and rifled a shot from the blue line that found the back of the net.
"Cotter is an amazing leader, she brings so much energy, into the room, on the bench, and on the ice. She's just the Energizer Bunny out there and has had a great season," noted Smith of his two-year captain, who was announced on Thursday as the conference nominee for the national Marion Hillard Award, which recognizes leadership. "She's done so well, is an inspiration to her teammates and I'm going be sad to see her go, along with our four other graduating players."
All-conference centre Jade Downie-Landry, a senior from St. Jean, Que., put the game out of reach, scoring her sixth goal in four post-season contests, at 10:00 of the final stanza. On the play, she was sprung free on a breakaway after a long pass from defenceman Kess Notargiacomo. It was the second career point – the first in playoffs – for Notargiacomo, a sophomore from Pte. Claire, Que.
Martlets netminder Tricia Deguire kicked aside 31 of 32 shots faced, as her undefeated playoff record improved to 4-0 with a stingy 1.00 goals-against average and a .960 save percentage. The senior from Sherbrooke, Que., will take a 76-48-1 career record into nationals with 26 shutouts in 129 career games overall.
Off to the nationals
McGill, which led the Quebec conference in both special teams this season, was 0-for-1 on the power play and successfully snuffed out all three shorthanded situations. In four post-season contests, they operated at 27.3 per cent with the extra attacker (6/22) and 87.5 per cent PK efficiency (14/16).
The Martlets, who finished second at nationals last year after a heart-breaking 1-0 loss to Guelph in the gold medal game, are scheduled to fly out to the Maritimes on Monday evening, March 9, while the Carabins will depart on Tuesday morning. It will be the final appearance in a McGill uniform for five graduating seniors: Emilia Cotter, Zoe Todd, Shana Walker, Olivia Ramos and Nicole Howlett.
McGILL MURMURS: the hockey Martets are the fifth different McGill varsity program to win their league championship this season, joining both swim squads, the artistic (synchro) swim team and the cross-country running Martlets.
The post McGill sweeps Carabins to capture 15th Quebec women's hockey championship appeared first on McGill Reporter.


Source: Borrowed from my local library.I've been meaning to read this book for ages, but who gets 'in the mood' to read a book about suicide? It's akin to how I've been meaning to rewatch Schindler's List since I first saw it quite young, but again…who gets in that mood?Thirteen Reasons Why begins when Clay comes home to find a package with his name on it. He's surprised to find it contains outdated audiotapes, numbered with what looks like blue nail polish. There's no return address, but as soon as he begins listening he knows who the tapes are from–Hannah. Hannah, who Clay had a crush on for several years. Hannah who he had made out with one night at a party where she lost it. Hannah who's no longer there…because two weeks ago, she killed herself. The tapes Clay receives tell the story of thirteen reasons why Hannah came to the decision she did.
I thought that a book about tape recordings would best be ingested as an audiobook, and I stand by that. I'm glad I was listening at home though, because I'm not sure how I would have handled driving through this. It's no secret that I had a hard time with this book, who wouldn't? I've been where Hannah was, but was lucky enough to have the support that led me to a different decision. That said, I'm going to try to keep this review from getting overly personal because you don't all need to know my story. We all have our own stories, trust me, someone cares about yours.
Clay is, to put it mildly, upset when he receives Hannah's tapes. He's grappling with feelings of anger, not understanding how she could have done what she did, not understanding what he did to deserve these tapes. He cared about Hannah, he'd been trying for years to find a way to connect with her, and he finally thought he had, but she pushed him away. Why? Both Clay and Hannah have/had reputations; Clay is known as the "nice guy", he's about to be valedictorian, he's responsible, and everyone likes him. Hannah has a very different reputation, and as Clay listens to her tapes, we see how it was formed.
and so I have to admit I was almost disappointed when I found out Clay didn't belong, that he didn't do anything wrong. Afterward I understood that we needed Clay as the vessel for this story, that we need someone who was innocent, who had reached out too late, or the story would have been truly unbearable.
As the tapes moved forward, I found my anger at Hannah dissipating, and a horrid understanding taking control. It stops feeling like she is blaming others for her situation, and is turning inward, blaming herself. Hannah became apathetic, she gave up on herself and wouldn't let anyone reach her. Worst of all–she knew it. She knew that she chose it, that she was alone because she wanted to be, but that doesn't make it right. Hannah shouldn't have gotten there, someone should have reached out sooner. Not that I'm blaming others for her choice, I'm not, but I do sincerely think that Hannah could have been reached.
Thirteen Reasons Why for me was a similar reading experience to that of Laurie Halse Anderson's Speak. Speak, to me, is a powerful book for those experiencing depression, whereas Thirteen Reasons Why might be more powerful for those seeing depression from the outside. I'd like to share a post by Karen over at Teen Librarian's Toolbox on this book, teens, and suicide, as she is perhaps more eloquent than I, and shares some wonderful resources on the subject.
Likelihood that I'll be back for more: I just picked up The Future of Us, which is coauthored by Jay Asher and Carolyn Mackler, so I'm sure you'll be seeing a review for that one very soon!
Recommended for: Everyone. It is my strong belief that everyone in their lifetime will be touched by depression, whether experiencing it themselves or seeing it in someone they care about. Thirteen Reasons Why can help you to express yourself, understand, and reach out.
Real life repercussions of reading this book: This book left me raw.
Thirteen Reasons Why has a movie deal currently set for 2013, and you can read more about the book and related programs here.
This book made me cry many times as I read it. I read it after a close friend of mine attempted suicide. Luckily, he had a change of heart and forced himself to throw up all of the pills he had just swallowed. But I cried like a baby when I read this book. I just can't imagine all of the things that Hannah went through and what made her want to end her life.
Thank you, Ashley! This book was so rough, it made me really angry. I did have a friend from college commit suicide this year, and I was pretty shocked. It's had me reflecting a lot on this book and the things that led up to Hannah's decision.


text:
Q: Default behavior after a loop I have a bad word that contains illegal letters. I have a list of legal letters (which can be more than one character long). The following nested loop iterates over both the characters in the word and the legal letters, replacing any illegal letter with null.
In order to both retain the legal letters and substitute illegal ones, it's important that all legal letters are looped through. The illegal substitution would happen once that loop finishes.
// acceptable letters:
const legalLetters = ["ND", "CH", "S"]
// bad, evil word containing unacceptable letters:
let word = "SANDWICH"

const filteredLetters = []

while (word.length > 0) {
  for (const letter of legalLetters) {
    if (word.startsWith(letter)) {
      // remove that many letters from the start of the word
      word = word.slice(letter.length)
      filteredLetters.push(letter)
      // break back to the while loop to re-scan the truncated word
      break
    }
  } else {
    // this is the part I'm having trouble with
    // if the word does not start with an acceptable letter, remove that letter
    word = word.slice(1)
    filteredLetters.push(null)
  }
  // some filteredLetter was added and the length of the word has been reduced
  // repeat until the word is all gone
}
console.log(filteredLetters) // should be ["S", null, "ND", null, null, "CH"]

In the above example I've used Python's for ... else construct, which executes the code in the else block only if there was no break in the for block. Such a syntax does not exist in Javascript (and therefore the snippet above is nonsense).
How would I go about creating this 'default behaviour' in Javascript?
Lodash and co. answers are okay for my purposes, and this may well be an XY problem, so I welcome any restructuring advice.

Related question: For else loop in Javascript?
The answers to this question recommend either setting a boolean flag or breaking to a label. I'd prefer to avoid these approaches, if possible - the flag approach feels messy, creating an unnecessary variable, and the label approach just doesn't feel quite right.

A: I hope this can help you.

// acceptable letters:
const legalLetters = ["ND", "CH", "S"]
// bad, evil word containing unacceptable letters:
let word = "SANDWICH"

const filteredLetters = []

while (word.length > 0) {
  let pushedItem = null;
  for (const letter of legalLetters) {
    if (word.startsWith(letter)) {
      pushedItem = letter;
      break
    }
  }
  word = word.slice(pushedItem ? pushedItem.length : 1)
  filteredLetters.push(pushedItem)
}
console.log(filteredLetters)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Italy's Carla Fracci, La Scala Prima Ballerina, Dies at 84
Italian ballet star Carla Fracci and Rudolf Nureyev are congratulated by Italian President Sandro Pertini after their performance in "Giselle" at the Rome Opera House, Feb. 7, 1980. (AP Photo/Gianni Foggia)
MILAN — Carla Fracci, an Italian cultural icon and former La Scala prima ballerina renowned for romantic roles alongside such greats as Rudolf Nureyev and Mikhail Baryshnikov, died Thursday at her home in Milan. She was 84.
Milan's Teatro alla Scala announced her death without giving a cause. Italian news reports said she had been fighting cancer.
The Milan theater recalled the "fairytale rise" of the daughter of a tram driver who through "talent, obstinance and work became the most famous ballerina in the world" and inspired generations of young people.
"Carla Fracci was a cardinal figure in the history of dance and that of La Scala, but also a point of reference for the city of Milan and Italian culture," the theater said in a statement.
"She leaves us in amazement, on tiptoe like Giselle, a spirit that remains with us, filling the ballrooms, the stage and our hearts," said La Scala's ballet director, Manuel Legris. "We feel a great void that, at the same time, makes us feel full and rich in all her history — which is the history of ballet — and privileged to have shared her art."
Fracci was born in Milan on Aug. 20, 1936, and spent World War II with relatives in the countryside to escape the frequent bombardment of the industrialized Lombardy capital. In a recent interview with Sky TG24, Fracci described her younger self as a "farmer," who knew nothing of the theater or the world of dance "much less those little shoes."
But after the war, an observer remarked on her "grace and musicality," recommending she try out for La Scala's academy.
She was accepted at age 10, riding her father's tram each day to the academy, and graduated in 1954, at age 18. Her first stage appearance was in 1955 with other graduating ballet students at the close of a staging of Bellini's "La sonnambula" conducted by Leonard Bernstein, directed by Luchino Visconti and starting Maria Callas.
She got her first break substituting for French dancer Violette Verdy in "Cinderella" the same year, and by 1958 had risen to the role of prima ballerina.
Italian ballet dancer Carla Fracci poses as she attends the presentation of the Stradivari Festival in Milan, Italy, Tuesday, July 4, 2017. (AP Photo/Luca Bruno)
Her global fame soon spread, with invitations to the Royal Festival Hall, followed by doors opening in the United States, even while remaining a central figure at La Scala. She was most identified with the role of "Giselle," which she danced with Nureyev and Baryshnikov as well as Danish star Erik Bruhn.
Later partners included La Scala's own Roberto Bolle, who remembered Fracci for her "human generosity."
In 1969, Fracci received the Dance Magazine Award, considered one of the greatest prizes for a dancer.
Performing for camera as well as live audiences, Fracci also played lead roles in the teleplay "Verdi" and the film "Nijinsky" by Herbert Ross. A bona fide Italian celebrity, she frequently appeared on Italian television and was equally the darling of popular magazines.
Italy's premier, Mario Draghi, called her "a great Italian," and President Sergio Mattarella, said she had honored her country "with her elegance and her artistic efforts, the fruit of intense work."
Fracci last danced at La Scala in 2000, in the role of Luce in "Excelsior." She was invited back in January of this year to teach a masterclass on "Giselle," which was broadcast on La Scala's social media channels and is part of a documentary series by RAI state television.
"It was very moving to be back at La Scala, after more than 20 years," she told Sky TG24.
La Scala's general manager, Dominique Meyer, recalled her return to the theater as "an unforgettable moment for everyone.
"We will always think of her with affection and gratitude, remembering the smile of the last days we spent together, when she felt she had come home again,'' he said.
Fracci is survived by her husband of 57 years, theater director Beppe Menegatti, and their son, Francesco Menegatti, who as a child often traveled with his mother on tour.
2023 Eleusis European Capital of Culture Opening Weekend on Saturday, Feb. 4 (Video)
The '2023 Eleusis European Capital of Culture' program kicks off with a weekend of special opening events, at the coastal front of Elefsina, west Attica, on Saturday, February 4.
Paris Menswear: Fashion Goes Psychedelic and Globe-Trotting (Photos)


text:
Are These Games Worth Playing in 2021?
May 31, 2021 May 31, 2021 Felix Smith
1 Resident Evil Village
1.1 Dazzle Me Megaways
1.1.1 It Takes Two
At the time of writing, a whole host of new gaming developments have recently hit the market. From action-adventure platformers to survival horror titles and gem-themed video slots, it's clear that developers haven't shied away from exploring various genres in 2021. However, now that there's so much choice, consumers face the age-old decision of deciding which games are worth buying. So, let's review a few titles to make the process less troublesome.
Released on April 18th, 2021, Resident Evil Village is the latest title in the much-loved Resident Evil series. Developed by Capcom, the horror game is the sequel to Resident Evil 7: Biohazard, which hit the shelves in January 2017. According to the title's Steam product page, Village is set a few years after the events in Biohazard, and gamers play through the newly-released title as Ethan Winters.
Unlike those before it, Village is a more-action packed title. In transitioning into this style, however, the latest Capcom creation has a lesser focus on horror, although the audio creates a creepy atmosphere. Moreover, the development's in-game combat is smoother than Biohazard, which IGN states is because Ethan received military training. These factors combine to produce one of the series' best games, and fans of the franchise should undoubtedly give Village a try.
Outside of mainstream gaming, NetEnt recently released a new game into the online casino sector. Dazzle Me Megaways is a follow-up title to Dazzle Me, and it became available to play on May 11th, 2021. NetEnt's latest development is listed under the 'New Games' section at Genesiscasino.com/en-in, alongside other fresh releases, including Cash Elevator and Sails of Fortune. The operator specialises in offering bettors forward-thinking slots, and Dazzle Me Megaways has all the attributes to enjoy longevity in the market.
Dazzle Me Megaways is a six-reel game that possesses just shy of 100,000 different paylines. Within the NetEnt development, four types of bonus features help to keep the experience entertaining. The gem-themed creation incorporates a Free Spin component and random reel multiplier, making Dazzle Me Megaways the ideal follow-up to its predecessor.
Along with the above titles, It Takes Two is another highly-anticipated new gaming release. According to ea.com/en-gb/games, it's a multiplayer-only title that follows May and Cody on their action-packed journey through unique platformer levels. The Hazelight Studios development was released onto PlayStation and Xbox consoles, and PCs, in March 2021.
This co-op-only game is unique in that there's no single-player mode, but it will keep two players entertained for between ten and 12 hours, as per inverse.com/gaming. In total, there are nine chapters to play through, each of which poses different challenges that require unlockable abilities to complete. For around £35 at store.steampowered.com/app/, It Takes Two does offer an unrivalled co-op platformer experience, but it isn't the most long-lasting game on the market.
Each of the above title's show that there's action-packed fun across a wide-ranging selection of different genres. Irrespective of what your preferences are, there's something for everyone in 2021. If horror games aren't your cup of tea, It Takes Two may be more your thing, or you may lean towards the nostalgic feel of Dazzle Me Megaways to keep you entertained.
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How the cheats and hacks can help you to crack victory in a warzone game?
May 23, 2021 May 23, 2021 Rupesh
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April 29, 2021 July 1, 2021 Felix Smith


This 2 night package includes an exclusive murder mystery event that will be held in your own private dining room where you will be served a 3 course meal.
An exclusive event for your group only and takes place in a private dining room at a hotel in Torquay. Includes 3 course meal, hire of room, murder mystery event with two actors and prizes. Based on a minimum group size of 14.


text:
Peter's Universe Slot Review
Themed around the well-known story about Peter Pan, Peter's Universe is a magical slot that is furnished with 100 non-adjustable win lines and plays over 5 reels and 4 rows.
GameArt has decided to put a new spin on the story about the mischievous boy, thus providing players with a slot that impresses with its modern look and neon-style symbols.
Plenty of bonus features await players to set the reels in motion. They will be kept entertained all throughout their betting session, thanks to walking wilds and free spins features. Not to mention the exclusive bonus game that becomes available when the free spins mode is activated, and during which players can collect different goodies.
Peter's Universe Slot Summary
Provider GameArt
Paylines 100 non-adjustable win lines
Minimum Bet $1
Maximum Bet $500
Wild Symbol The image of Tinkerbell can be used instead of all other symbols, with the exception of the image of Peter Pan
Scatter Symbol Three images of Peter Pan switch the free spins mode on
Bonus Features Free spins, walking wild, and planet bonus features
Symbols and Winning Combinations of Peter's Universe Slot
This fairytale-themed slot allows players to step into the mythical island of Neverland. Yet, the provider has attempted to breathe new life into the story about the boy that does not want to grow up, thus providing players with a cyberpunk-style slot.
The reel grid is set against a futuristic version of London, and its skyline can be seen right behind the reels, while the popular Big Ban tower is standing on the right-hand side of the reels.
In Peter's Universe, the icons that pay the least are represented by the initials of high-ranking playing cards from 10 through A, which have grown to become the generic type of low-value icons. Here, a small touch has been added to them as they are all neon-colored.
The top-payers among the regular symbols are represented by Captain Cook and a female character. The plane, alligator, and purple bag are the other three high-value symbols.
The image of Peter will help players activate bonus features as it plays the role of a scatter symbol, and no limitations are imposed in terms of the reels on which this icon can pop up. Tinkerbell plays a key role as it will help players along with the completion of winning combination because it can serve in the stead of all other symbols, excluding the scatter one.
Bonus Features of Peter's Universe Slot
When it comes to the bonus features Peter's Universe has on offer, they will not only keep players entertained for hours on end but can also get them closer to the wins they might aim at.
When the free spins feature is activated, players will not only enjoy several rounds at no cost but also be given the chance to collect extra rewards, thanks to the exclusive bonus feature. During it, slot mavens will be allowed to pick from 19 planets so that they could make it to the free spins rounds.
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Be the first to share your favorite memory, photo or story of David "Tink". This memorial page is dedicated for family, friends and future generations to celebrate the life of their loved one.
David "Tink" Hargrove, age 81 of Decatur, passed away on Monday, February 4, 2019 at Decatur Morgan Hospital. Mr. Hargrove was born July 23, 1937 in Limestone County to George Hargrove and Majorie Hood.
Services for Mr. Hargrove will be held Saturday, February 9, 2019 at 2:00 p.m. at Hobbs Street Church of Christ with Bill Irby officiating. Visitation will be from 12:00 until 1:45 p.m. prior to the service. Burial will be in Roselawn Cemetery.
Preceded in death by his father; mother; baby sister, Barbara Sue; brothers, Horace "Gus" and Morris Dean; special brother-in-law, Rob Jones.
He is survived by his wife, Patricia "Patsy"; sons, David and Brian; granddaughter, Destinee; step grandsons, Brad and Dustin Chambers; brothers, James (Dorothy), Larry (Shirley) and Billy (Jan); sisters, Delores Jones, Karen (Joe) Crumbley; several nieces and nephews. He loved his family and loved so much being together with them.
He lived a life of service working with many programs with the Hobbs Street Church of Christ. His passion was helping others. He spent 18 years teaching and coaching little league, rec ball programs, most years 6 teams per year. He served two years on the Athens City Council and was instrumental in the Building of Athens Sportsplex.
His career was 42 years at the Alabama Highway Department. He will be missed so much.
Pallbearers are Michael Latimer, Scott Hargrove, Gary Hargrove, Ricky Hargrove, Brandon Crumbley and Troy Crumbley. Honorary Pallbearers are Alan Thornton, Malcolm Thornton, Bill Joe Anderson, Tony Anderson, James Biles, Lanny Hargrove, Brent Jones and Richard McElyea.
In lieu of flowers contributions may be made to Hospice of Limestone County or the Library of the Hobbs Street Church.
To send flowers or a remembrance gift to the family of David "Tink" Rowe Hargrove, please visit our Tribute Store.
"Email Address" would like to share the life celebration of David "Tink" Rowe Hargrove. Click on the "link" to go to share a favorite memory or leave a condolence message for the family.


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Q: Java Error: Could not find or load main class undefined The problem is the following. I'm doing a homework for an online programming website called "myprogramminglab". It asks me to do the following exercise:

Design a class  named  Person with fields for holding a person's name
  , address, and telephone number (all as Strings ). Write a constructor
  that initializes  all of these values, and mutator and accessor
  methods  for every field.
Next, design a class  named  Customer, which inherits from the Person
  class . The Customer class  should have a String  field for the
  customer number and a boolean field indicating whether  the customer
  wishes to be on a mailing list. Write a constructor that initializes
  these values  and the appropriate mutator and accessor methods for the
  class 's fields.
Demonstrate the Customer class  in a program  that prompts the user to
  enter values  for the customer's name, address, phone number, and
  customer number, and then asks the user whether  or not the customer
  wants to receive mail. Use this information to create a customer
  object  and then print its information.
Put all of your classes in the same file. To do this, do not declare
  them public.
Instead, simply write:
class  Person { ... }
class  Customer { ... }

However, I did the program first in Eclipse. I put each class in a separate file as you will normally do. After I did that, I moved each class to the website where I am supposed to upload it. I removed the "public" keyword according to the problem so I'm able to upload it. When I do that, it gives me no result. Like it doesn't even run the program. It compiles, but it does nothing.
I checked an online java compiler and the following is prompted:
Error: Could not find or load main class undefined
What could be the error and how should I fix it?
Here is my code:
import java.util.Scanner;
class Person {

    private String name;
    private String address;
    private String number;

    public Person(String name, String address, String number) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.address = address;
        this.number = number;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }

}

class Customer extends Person {

    private String num;
    private boolean wants;

        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    public Customer(String name, String address, String number, String num, boolean wants) {
        super(name, address, number);
        this.num = num;
        this.wants = wants;
    }

    public String getNum() {
        return num;
    }

    public void setNum(String num) {
        this.num = num;
    }

    public boolean isWants() {
        return wants;
    }

    public void setWants(boolean wants) {
        this.wants = wants;
    }

}

class demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String name, address, number;
        String num;
        String decide;
        boolean wants;

        Scanner get = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.println("Enter name of customer: ");
        name = get.nextLine();
        System.out.println("Enter address of customer: ");
        address = get.nextLine();
        System.out.println("Enter phone number of customer: ");
        number = get.nextLine();
        System.out.println("Enter customer number: ");
        num = get.nextLine();
        System.out.println("Enter yes/no -- does the customer want to recieve·mail?: ");
        decide = get.nextLine();
        if (decide.equals("yes"))
            wants = true;
        else
            wants = false;

        Customer one = new Customer(name, address, number, num, wants);
        System.out.println("Customer: ");
        System.out.println("Name: " + one.getName());
        System.out.println("Address: " + one.getAddress());
        System.out.println("Phone Number: " + one.getNumber());
        System.out.println("Receive Mail?: " + one.isWants());
    }
}

A: You need to have one class public which contains the public static main method (in your case, demo). And the file name should be the same as the public class (in your case, demo.java) The other classes can keep them like that (they have package default access actually).
As others also pointeded out, you'd better following the naming convention to change the class name to Demo as well.

A: Imagine each of your classes has a main function, how should the online compiler know which to make the entry point?


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During Lent, on Sundays I'd like to share some things I've been learning from Richard Rohr.
Rohr is a Franciscan priest of the New Mexico Province and founder of the Center for Action and Contemplation (CAC) in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Fr. Richard's teaching is grounded in "Franciscan alternative orthodoxy," which emphasizes both practices of contemplation and acts of radical compassion, particularly for those who are on the margins of society.
Each day, in my inbox I receive daily meditations by Rohr that I've been keeping and through which I occasionally meander. I will be quoting from these and making comments for our Sunday times together.
Today, on this first Sunday of Lent and the day in our culture when we think of love, here are some thoughts from a meditation I received earlier this week on "Learning How to Love," in which Richard Rohr considers his Franciscan heritage of loving actions that grow out of contemplation.
Francis' emphasis on action, practice, and lifestyle was revolutionary for its time, just as it is now. It is the foundation of Franciscan alternative orthodoxy. For Francis and Clare, Jesus became someone to actually imitate and not just to collectively worship. Believe it or not, this has hardly ever been the norm or practice of most Christians. We preferred morning worship services and arguing about how to conduct them or prohibiting each other from attending "heretical" church services. God must just cry.
The Franciscan School found a way to be both very traditional and very revolutionary at the same time by emphasizing practice over theory, or orthopraxy over orthodoxy. In general, the Franciscan tradition taught that love and action are more important than intellect or speculative truth. Love is the highest category for the Franciscan School (the goal), and we believe that authentic love is not possible without true inner freedom (contemplative practice helps with this), nor will love be real or tested unless we somehow live close to the disadvantaged (the method), who frankly teach us that we know very little about love.
…Early on, Francis found himself so attracted to contemplation, to living out in the caves and in nature, that he was not sure if he should dedicate his life to prayer or to action. So he asked Sister Clare and Brother Sylvester to spend some time in prayer about it and then come back and tell him what they thought he should do. After a few weeks, they both came back. Francis knelt down and put his arms out, prepared to do whatever they told him. They both, in perfect agreement, without having talked to one another, said Francis should not be solely a contemplative; nor should he only be active in ministry. Francis was to go back and forth between the two (much as Jesus did). Francis jumped up with great excitement and immediately went on the road with this new permission and freedom.
…Before Francis, the "secular" priests worked with the people in the parishes and were considered "active." Those who belonged to religious orders went off to monasteries and prayed. Francis found a way to do both. Thus Franciscans were called friars instead of monks. Francis took prayer on the road; in fact, prayer is what enabled him to sustain his life of love and service to others over the long haul, without becoming cynical or angry. Francis didn't want a stable form of monastic life; he wanted us to mix with the world and to find God amidst its pain, confusion, and disorder.
This seems very "Jesus-shaped" to me.
Furthermore, it seems an appropriate emphasis for the season.
Hearing and responding to God in Lent will involve not only seeking purity of heart, but also active engagement in practices of showing mercy and living as peacemakers, cultivating and extending the love of God to those around us.
Contemplation and action. Action and contemplation.
A life filled with love. A life expressing love.
…practices of contemplation and acts of radical compassion, particularly for those who are on the margins of society.
That's good. A spirituality that focuses on helping those in need and on the margins is good. But just as important is a spirituality of those in need and on the margins. Christians are not just those on the outside, looking in at those in need, and looking for ways to help them; Christians are also among those on the need and on the margins, in need of spirituality, as well as material assistance, to help in coping with their often, or always, difficult situations and lives.
St. Francis and Rohr would certainly agree with you.
Sometimes I think Christians understand this need – their OWN need for help, especially spiritual – better than non-Christians. This is why I think fellowship with and amongst believers is so critical to the Christian walk.
I have seen enough of the healing and humbling effects of devoted prayer to know that I don't do it enough.
I've seen people get sick despite prayers and people die despite prayers. I've also seen people in the midst of those things thank me and others praying for them, saying they've felt all the prayers.
We must always be diligent in discussion of such things not to turn prayer into magick. A healing is not **because of** prayer. Magick invites cynicism.
Which is why I never participate in anointing people with oil.
Our pastor (UMC) said last Sunday that prayer doesn't just "change things", it changes you.
"One day he was riding his horse near Assisi, when he met a leper. And, even though he usually shuddered at lepers, he made himself dismount, and gave him a coin, kissing his hand as he did so. After he accepted a kiss of peace from him, Francis remounted and continued on his way. He then began to consider himself less and less, until, by God's grace, he came to complete victory over himself.
The "but also" is so easily read as the beginning of an addendum. Isn't it really the other way around? "active engagement in practices of showing mercy and living as peacemakers" carries one much further along in the "seeking purity of heart" than, at first, being concerned with Purity. Purity can become a deary tedious goal; Love is nothing like that. We always seem to list it this way – myself included – making that-other-stuff read like an addendum. I know it is not intentional; but does it represent a defect in the modern western mind? We just keep falling back into that mode of thinking, and constantly wrestling ourselves out of it.
I was reflecting the Beatitudes in this sentence. The last 4 Beatitudes bless those who are involved in practices that the world little values. One of them is seeking "purity of heart." The other two bless "the merciful" and "peacemakers." The final one blesses those the world not only undervalues but also actively persecutes.
I don't mean to list these in a way that implies personal piety should be valued over activity. You are probably right that we tend to look at it that way too much. And especially in a season like Lent.
Lord God, I'm tired and afraid. Life is spinning out of control, and I have no idea how to right it. I was not ready for the gift of life you gave me when I was born, or when I first became aware of myself and the world around me; even less am I ready now, after more than five decades of this life. I can't see or imagine a way forward to the end that isn't filled with loss and poverty and incapacity, loneliness and isolation. No place is home. Strengthen me, God, to face what I must face; preserve my fragile faith, help me not to be overcome with hopelessness; protect my wife and comfort her in places that I fail at both. Hold us both in your love, even when we are unable to feel it; forgive us our sins, and bring us into your kingdom, on the other side of all our fears and losses; save us from death and shame and nothingness. Hear me, hear us, O Lord, in Jesus' name.
Be blessed both, be healed, be made whole and well, spirit, soul, and body, amen.
Jesus is right there with you & your wife Robert. It is in our non-excellence, even our hellish experiences of that he is found. Otherwise, the Cross means only the death of another good man.
Robert, your first sentence, indeed much of what you write, could have been words uttered by our Lord himself. May you find comfort in knowing that you do not suffer alone but Jesus shares in your pain and suffering and that somehow, someway he will make all things new.
Thanks Mike & Robert for posting for our Lenten journey. As our suffering is taken up in His it has meaning & we are being made whole. As Jesus in exhaustion & frustration cursed the fig tree, Lent helps us cast the mountain of unbelief away so that all things, action & contemplation become a prayer of faith for our restoration.
This place has come a long way to end up with Richard Rohr, the best kept open secret in the Church of Jesus Messiah. It isn't like he has invented something new, it's more like he has taken the best, the essence, the highest of spiritual traditions going back thru the millennia and wrapped them up in a 21st century package that honors our Lord Jesus and explains what folks were not so ready to hear and understand two thousand years ago. Or twenty years ago.
Meanwhile we continue to argue and debate and fight and wrangle and accuse and attack and demean and condemn amongst ourselves in the name of our Risen Lord, who prayed that we might become One with God our Father in the Light and Spirit which was left with us back in the beginning of this Age that would appear to be coming to an end. Go figure.
Richard does not present us with anything that would be strange to Jesus, or the apostles or the desert fathers and mothers, or the Greek fathers, or Francis Assisi, or Julian Norwich, or Therese Lisieux, or Thomas Merton. Nor does he hesitate to recognize truth outside the Christian tradition wherever found. What he does do is to explain things in terms more comfortable with those living in the 21st century and tired of old religious language and thinking.
At the center of Richard's understanding is what has come to be called centering prayer, a part of the tradition of contemplative practice, and not to be confused with meditation, tho they are quite similar in appearance. It has little to do with the rational and logical and linear and dualistic thought of the so called modern enlightenment tradition, which is probably why it is so often rejected at first sight.
The last two thousand years of the Church Age got us here. Hats off. Millions of words have been spent and the result is still ongoing division, even as the Pope and the Patriarch exchange pleasantries. The tradition which Richard presents in contemporary garb bypasses that division and produces unity. As Richard has said elsewhere, unity is not the same as uniformity.
I see people in pain and distress and anguish. Centering prayer does not magically make those things go away. It allows you to enter an oasis where these tribulations of the soul lose their ability to run your life. Monks have carried the tradition of unity for the rest of us, but they have tended to deal with the tribulations of the soul as if they were in a life and death battle to be won by strength of will and determination. Centering prayer more looks on difficult situations and thoughts, what the old time monks thought of as demons, as something to be gently released as often as necessary in order to stay centered in the heart rather than the head.
This is much easier to do than wielding sword and shield. It works. It isn't something that is suddenly accomplished 100%, you just get better at it the more you practice. It is a way out of the house of mirrors. The key is probably realizing that you are not your ego, something that strikes most people as ridiculous. I don't agree with everything that Richard Rohr has to say, and that is irrelevant because he is presenting 21st century truth better than anyone else I know alive and available. What amazes me most is that Richard's daily meditations or teachings are available to everyone free of charge and most people will not give him the time of day.
Read him daily. Like vitamins.


text:
Anna Mohr kan syfta på flera personer:

 Anna Branzell (1895–1983), född Mohr, norsk-svensk arkitekt
 Anna Mohr (1944–2020), svensk HBTQ-aktivist

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Your Philips Air Purifier or Humidifier needs to be reset after each filter replacement. This is done to activate the counting system for the new filter(s).
Also, your air purifier/humidifier is equipped with a filter replacement alert. It warns you when the filter needs to be cleaned (pre-filter only) and replaced.
If you do not reset the air purifier or humidifier after replacing a new filter, the appliance will alert you to replace a filter.
The information on this page applies to the following models: AC4012/00 , AC4025/00 .


Illustrated key to genus Hybomitra (Tabanidae) (Feb 2018) - this is based on the Stubbs and Falk key with additional photo-stack images to highlight the identification features.
Guide to Chloromyia formosa and C. speciosa (the latter is not thought likely to occur in Britain but could easily be overlooked if it did turn up).
Updated spreadsheet checklist (includes the new conservation status designations).
Plus, as previously announced, the new draft atlas and recording scheme newsletter no. 5.
And don't forget all the other guides on our identification pages and resources page.
Over time, some of the above resources will be converted to web pages, which will allow the photos to be seen at larger size.
Many people have helped in the preparation of the workshop and these resources - special thanks to Martin Drake for organising the workshop; Morten Falck for permission to adapt his Norwegian key to Thereva species; Chris Raper and the Diptera curators at the Natural History Museum for help with photo-stacking and for loaning specimens, plus further specimen loans from the BENHS; additional photos from Malcolm Storey and Steven Falk; the Biological Records Centre for assistance with preparing the handouts.


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With World Book Day 2018 almost upon us, unlock a world of imagination with our World Book Day Application Forms!
Either cut out, collect and swap in the playground or choose the blank version and let the little maggots' imagination run wild and fill them in themselves!
#ShareAStory this World Book Day!
We've teamed up with our friends over at World Book Day to create these top 10 story telling tips guaranteed to get you and the chiddlers sharing stories from breakfast through to bedtime!
Pick from a selection of Roald Dahl character costumes for World Book Day - from Fantastic Mr Fox to Violet Beauregarde.


August, 08th, 2018 by ClaudiaVannini – Mercury arrives to rescue us after midnight. Before that, a day that starts with all possible confusion. Neptune and Sun make a confrontation at 10AM GMT. Put the guns on the ground. This is the best suggestion for the day. THE Waning #MOON in CANCER is reactive and can convince you that isolation is the ideal. Do not accept! Fight against disillusionment. Mercury and SUN clear the ideas only at 2AM GMT on August, 9th. If you are staying awake after midnight, be aware that the WATER element is active. The feelings seem too sore. Rest and trust in the balance of the Planet. #INVESTIMENTS make a profit after August,12th. Until then the market operates with minimum profit. All SIGNS with confused feelings. Be Happy on Earth!


Enchanting Media » Blog Archive » Aloha!
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text:
Action disabled: backlink
ars PARADOXICA
Website: http://arsparadoxica.com/
ars PARADOXICA is a science fiction audio drama series in which "the accidental inventor of time-travel finds herself press-ganged into service by a secretive branch of the US government."
The story details the efforts of 21st-century physicist Dr. Sally Grissom, who discovers the secret to time travel when she finds herself unexpectedly transported to the site of a top-secret military experiment in 1943. Sally is then conscripted into service by an underground intelligence branch of the US government. An unknown entity broadcasts Dr. Grissom's decades-long story of espionage and super-science through audio diaries, security recordings, and archive footage.
free, full cast, mature content, science fiction, sound effects
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The 93047th positive integer is an odd prime number that follows the number 93046 and comes before 93048. Ninety-three thousand forty-seven is 5 digits long.
Q: Is 93047 a prime number?
Q: What is the negative number for 93047?
Q: What is half of 93047?
Q: What is a third of 93047?
Q: What is a quarter of 93047?
Q: What is the square root of 93047?
Q: What is 93047 times Pi?
Q: What is 93047 divided by Pi?
Q: What is the scientific notation for 93047?
Q: What are the divisors for 93047?
Q: What is the factorization of 93047?
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The spelling of 93047 in different languages.
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The number 93047 represented in different base number systems.
List the frequency of characters that make up the number 93047.
List of hash code values for 93047.


The Rockport Film Review: "Night of the Creeps" - '80s Horror Classic!
This movie is a gem of the 1980's horror/comedy genre. It was just released on DVD for the first time this October. Directed by Fred Dekker, this landmark movie has inspired many other horror films like 2006's "Slither" by Sean Gunn. It's a great party film or so I've heard. I don't get out much or I could confirm this theory.
The opening scene shows midgets in rubber suits (Aliens) on a spaceship that is being invaded. Is that a great way to open a movie or what! They jettison a container of something into to space and it finds its way to Earth. We then come upon a scene set in the 1950s that is shot in black and white. There is a teenage couple making out at a lovers lane cliff overlooking the city when they see a "UFO" crash into a field. They go to examine the crash as the radio blares about an escaped mental patient. They pull over on a vacant stretch of road and the guy goes into the woods to investigate. We see the escaped psychopath approaching the car, and he eventually hacks up the girl with an ax. Upon inspection of the UFO, the guy has an alien slug fly into his mouth, infecting him. This is where the movie goes back to color and we see Detective Landis disturbed from his nap by the phone ringing. Landis is your typical hardboiled cop who found those bodies' years back. He has the memorable catchphrase of "thrill me!" every time he answers the phone.
Our main characters are two college freshmen. Chris is played by Jason Lively who got the part right after playing Rusty in the classic European Vacation. He is your basic everyman that you can really get behind and root for in a horror movie. Then we have his best friend J.C. played by Steve Marshall. He's a witty, smart-assed handicapped kid who everybody likes. Except of course those mean frat guys. The head frat guy is played for a laugh since he is such a clichéd stereotype. He is a blonde haired, sweater vest wearing guy named Brad. His red sports car even has license plates that say "Bradster". What a douche! Anyway, Chris has a huge crush on a sorority girl, Cynthia, but she is also the Bradster girlfriend. Chris and J.C. try to get into a fraternity and must somehow get a dead body and put it another frat houses yard as a pledge. In the college medical research building, they find a cryo-chamber with the frozen body of the infected guy from the '50s. Needless to say, he is thawed and escapes to infect the campus. Upon investigating the lab Detective Landis asks the cops "Is this a homicide or a bad B-movie." Director Fred Dekker also wrote the script and has several tongue-in-cheek scenes and bits of dialogue. Kind of like what the Scream movies did in the mid-'90s.
The alien slugs go in through your mouth and lay eggs in the unfortunate person's brain, turning them into zombies. Their heads eventually (whether shot or hit with an ax) explode, releasing more slugs to infect more people. Cynthia finally leaves Brad after he trips J.C. in front of a crowd. Dude, picking on the crippled kids will not win you points with the ladies. Chris finally gathers enough courage to talk to her and she asks him to be her date for the dance. On the night of the big formal, the frat guys run into a little bad luck, and Detective Landis (who has all the best lines) says "The good news is your dates are here, the bad news is their dead." The whole sorority house scene that follows is completely insane and fun to watch.


ATLANTA, GA (WTOC) - Paul Johnson has reportedly decided to retire after 11 seasons at Georgia Tech, according to CBS Sports.
CBS Sports reported Wednesday that Jeff Schultz of The Athletic confirmed a report from radio host Bill Shanks that Johnson is retiring, ending a head coaching career that dates back to 1997 and has included success at both the FCS and FBS levels.
Johnson, 61, won 82 games as Georgia Tech's coach and has a 189-98 record overall across his stops at Georgia Southern, Navy and his time with the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets.
Johnson also won two national titles at Georgia Southern University in 1999 and 2000.


text:
Q: AWS Restricting Console Access To Lambda Functions that are associated with Development I would like to provide access via the AWS console to allow the creation and management of Lambda functions associated with S3 buckets but only for a development environment. Is there a way of doing this?
I am struggling, as soon as try to restrict access by tag or function name the console decides it doesn't have permission to display the functions. Preferably I would like the AWS Lambda dashboard to show the metrics for those filtered functions.
This is pretty much the full access policy, and so displays all the functions, but what do I need to add to the lambda:*, to restrict to functions that may have the string Dev in the name, or have tags that have a key environment set to value development?
{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "cloudformation:DescribeStacks",
                "cloudformation:ListStackResources",
                "cloudwatch:ListMetrics",
                "cloudwatch:GetMetricData",
                "ec2:DescribeSecurityGroups",
                "ec2:DescribeSubnets",
                "ec2:DescribeVpcs",
                "kms:ListAliases",
                "iam:GetPolicy",
                "iam:GetPolicyVersion",
                "iam:GetRole",
                "iam:GetRolePolicy",
                "iam:ListAttachedRolePolicies",
                "iam:ListRolePolicies",
                "iam:ListRoles",
                "logs:DescribeLogGroups",
                "states:DescribeStateMachine",
                "states:ListStateMachines",
                "tag:GetResources",
                "xray:GetTraceSummaries",
                "xray:BatchGetTraces"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "lambda:*",
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "iam:PassRole",
            "Resource": "*",
            "Condition": {
                "StringEquals": {
                    "iam:PassedToService": "lambda.amazonaws.com"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "logs:DescribeLogStreams",
                "logs:GetLogEvents",
                "logs:FilterLogEvents"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:/aws/lambda/*"
        }
    ]
}