text:
Q: How to achieve vector input/output with different operations using anonymous functions? Suppose I want to create an anonymous function that does the following
f: [a, b] -> [a^2, b/2]

Since the operation is different on a and b I haven't been able to figure out how. Is this at all possible in matlab? My function will have the constraints R^2 -> R^2

A: Because of the specific constraints, it would have to be something like this:
f = @(x) [x(1)^2, x(2)/2];

You can't explicitly define outputs in an anonymous function any other way.

A: Though you already accepted PQL's answer your question actually reads like you're looking for this solution using deal:
f = @(x,y) deal( x^2, y/2 );

[u,v] = f(2,2)

returning:
u =
     4
v =
     1

A: Looking at the matlab help for anonymous functions looking at section functions with multiple inputs or outputs, I would think that you would be able to do something like the code below
Second edit  Turns out if you use deal (as given by thewaywewalk)  or if you dereference the anonymous function you can get the same thing.
crazyfunction=@(a,b) {(a^2),(b/2)};
[x y]=crazyfunction(a,b);

Quick and dirty test shows that this will give no syntax errors
>> f = @(x,y)  {x^2, y/2};
>> f(2,2)

ans =

    [4]    [1]

EDIT Fired up matlab to see my original answer would actually work, doesn't look like it (see second edit you need to use {}).
You would either daisy chain two anonymous functions together in such a way that a and b are part of anonymous function c or use a struct of anonymous functions effectively  as shown below
crazyfunction={@(a) (a^2); @(b) (b/2);}
[crazyfunction{1](7) crazyfunction{2}(9)]
ans =
    49.0000     4.5

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
SRIW
About SRIW
Politics & Committees
Association's Structure
Actual Projects
Projects & Codes of Conduct
PGuard
Code for Geodata Services
Cloud Switching and Porting Data Working Group
Article 6 of the free flow of non-personal data regulation introduces the development of Codes of Conduct for switching cloud providers and porting of data. Such Codes should define best practices and information requirements for facilitating the switching of cloud service providers and the porting of data, ensure that cloud service providers supply professional users with sufficiently detailed, clear and transparent information before a contract for data storage and processing is concluded and introduce approaches for certification schemes to facilitate the comparison of data processing products and services for professional users.
Engagement of SCOPE Europe
Due to the significant experience and expertise in developing credible co-regulatory mechanisms, especially in the cloud sector, SCOPE Europe was invited by the European Commission to co-chair the development of the Software-as-a-Service Code of Conduct.
In particular, SCOPE Europe contributes to the establishment of a common governance for all Codes of Conduct under SWIPO and shares best practices and insights on successful co-regulation.
Further information and news
Further information and news are available on the website: https://scope-europe.eu/en/projects/swipo-code-of-conduct/
SWIPO working group officially presents Codes of Conduct to enable competition and data portability for European cloud market
At the high-level data economy conference in Helsinki, the multi-stakeholder group SWIPO (Switching Cloud Service Providers and Porting Data)…
12/05/2019 SCOPE EuropeSWIPO
EU Digital Single Market - Industry strategy and roadmap for the future
Industry strategy for building trust in the European Digital Single Market: How Codes of Conduct and a common framework for cyber security…
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text:
Carl Christian Engström, född den 19 juni 1827 i Västervik, död den 22 april 1916 i Stockholm, var en svensk sjöofficer och kanonbåtskonstruktör. Han var far till Carl Engström.

Biografi
Engström blev sekundlöjtnant 1848 och kommendör 1884. Han blev överadjutant hos kung Oscar II 1885. Han var senare kontrollant vid Finspång, ledamot av artillerikommittén och tygmästare i Karlskrona. Engström invaldes som ledamot av Örlogsmannasällskapet 1859 (hedersledamot 1887) och av första klassen av Krigsvetenskapsakademien 1861. Han blev riddare av Nordstjärneorden 1869 och av Svärdsorden 1875 samt kommendör av första klassen av sistnämnda orden 1889. Engström vilar på Galärvarvskyrkogården i Stockholm.

Kanonkonstruktion
Engström arbetade med att modernisera sjöartilleriet, särskilt kanonerna. Han konstruerade en 24 centimeters bakladdningskanon, uppfann ett nytt system för hämmande av rekyler och konstruerade en granatskjutande bataljonskanon, Carl XV:s kärrebyssa, vilken kan ses som urtypen för senare typers snabbskjutande fältkanoner.

Svea kanal
På äldre dagar utarbetade Engström ett förslag till kanal mellan Östersjön och Västerhavet.

Bibliografi
Engströms personarkiv som bland annat innehåller hans omfångsrika handskrivna memoarer finns i arkivet på Sjöhistoriska museet i Stockholm.

Källor

 Svensk uppslagsbok. Malmö 1931.

 Engström, Carl Christian på SvenskaGravar.se

Vidare läsning

Svenska sjöofficerare
Hedersledamöter av Örlogsmannasällskapet
Ledamöter av Kungliga Krigsvetenskapsakademien
Kommendörer av första klass av Svärdsorden
Riddare av Nordstjärneorden
Svenska ingenjörer under 1800-talet
Svenska militärer under 1800-talet
Gravsatta på Galärvarvskyrkogården
Födda 1827
Avlidna 1916
Män
Svensk uppslagsbok

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Welcoming a new employee has never been so easy with our Employee Onboarding feature.
Administrators enter just 10 data elements into our system and your new employee receives a custom login key to login in and complete all of their personal information, eliminating all previously necessary paperwork.
It was so nice to go through the online onboarding and enrollment process without having to fill out confusing forms. The HR ease system was easy to use and provided information that helped me make the best choices for my benefits. Thank you for making the whole process quick and easy!


How and where you spend your marketing dollars is critical. Trust our economic impact study services to provide useful direction.
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The market factors that play a role in your success are all interrelated. For example, if the economy in a particular area is shrinking, the unemployment rate will likely rise. People who are unemployed are less likely to go to the movies. If your company uses cinema advertising, it may be prudent to reassign some of your budget to a different medium. Our expert researchers help you visualize all the moving parts in a way that is clear and concise so that you can make smart choices and timely modifications to your marketing strategy.
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At BIGEYE, we have extensive experience in helping our clients navigate fluctuations in the economy and use both peaks and valleys to their advantage. As a result, we have a number of long-standing clients that began as startups and are now leaders in their field. Maximizing the ROI on their marketing spend was one of the keys in every instance. Is your company using awareness of the economy as a tool for achieving sales goals and growth objectives? If not, we can help.


PROVIDENCE, R.I. — Against Villanova on Sunday, St. John's fell behind by 19 points in the first half and roared back. Against Providence on Wednesday, St. John's fell behind by 12 points in the first half and then ballooned the misery into a 28-point deficit.
Against Villanova, St. John's beat the Big East leader. Against Providence, St. John's stunk like a rotten egg, losing 78-59 to a lower conference resident.
There was a big difference. Against Villanova, the Red Storm showed up. Now let's not be hasty. St. John's, which also swept No.11 Marquette, could be arriving at the Dunkin' Donuts Center any hour now.
"It's hard to understand, hard to figure out," said St. John's coach Chris Mullin whose team lost the game and whose senior leader, Marvin Clark II, lost his cool.
The Johnnies' no-show effort resulted in a disastrous mauling at the hands of the more physical Friars, who completed a season sweep and held the Red Storm to their second-lowest point total. The worst scoring effort of the season? That was the 56 points St. John's managed against Providence in a 70-56 loss at Madison Square Garden on Feb. 9.
"We didn't play hard. They played harder than us. Similar to the first game and there were the same results," said Mustapha Heron, who missed the first meeting with Providence due to injury, but unfortunately endured Wednesday's mess, scoring eight points.
It was a mess, in all ways. There was Clark fouling out, with his fifth foul a technical, and then receiving a subsequent technical for continued grousing from the bench.
There were the Friars, behind Nate Watson (21 points, nine rebounds) and Harlem product Alpha Diallo (16 points, 11 rebounds) manhandling St. John's inside.
There was a Red Storm start (0-for-8 shooting, three turnovers) not even Lou Carnesecca could forgive.
There was more. A recent funk continued for Shamorie Ponds (four points, 2-of-9 shooting). Ponds shot 2-of-14 against Villanova. A bright spot? LJ Figueroa led St. John's for a second straight game, scoring 16 points.
Mullin has seen much of this before. But aside from Ponds' shooting, not against Villanova.
Relax St. John's fans. Maybe your team is tanking.
The Red Storm (19-8, 7-7 Big East) charged from the gate … and right into a 9-0 deficit thanks to that shooting drought and the turnovers. And the first half was awful, although St. John's was within 34-26 at the half. So the Red Storm regrouped and came back out ready for another comeback — that lasted 63 seconds before Mullin called a timeout.
A.J. Reeves banged home a Providence 3-pointer, and after Figueroa missed for the Red Storm, Watson scored low for a Friars 39-26 lead.
Then the technical craziness began. At the 17:28 mark, Clark was called for his fourth foul and he protested. A lot. He earned his fifth foul and was gone after an eight-minute scoreless (pointless?) performance. On the bench, Clark kept yapping and was hit with another technical. When all that free-throw shooting was done at 17:00, Providence (15-12, 5-9) led, 43-30.
So Mullin, who said Ponds is physically fine — although he had a lengthy pause before answering "no" about a possible injury — said St. John's has only one path now.
Ariana Grande & Piers Morgan End Their Feud!


text:
How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics?
Chris Del Mar, Peter J. Collignon
Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare
Research output: Contribution to journal › Comment/debate › Research › peer-review
Public health physicians and clinicians keep a wary eye out for influenza epidemics, bearing in mind the greatest pandemic at the end of the first world war, when tens of millions died. The epidemics come every year, but their severity varies. Normally influenza is simply one of many clinically indistinguishable influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) from which people recover uneventfully. Australia's latest season was worse than most, with a record number of laboratory confirmed cases (170 000), although better availability of molecular tests may account for much of the rise, as visits for ILIs have risen only slightly above the annual average.2 The northern hemisphere is now bracing for its turn.
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
Published - 2 Nov 2017
Human Influenza
Del Mar, C., & Collignon, P. J. (2017). How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics? BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2017(359), j5007.
Del Mar, Chris ; Collignon, Peter J. / How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics?. In: BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 2017 ; Vol. 2017, No. 359. pp. j5007.
@article{8a1be7bf63b54a568c1ba5830ff3a6fb,
title = "How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics?",
abstract = "Public health physicians and clinicians keep a wary eye out for influenza epidemics, bearing in mind the greatest pandemic at the end of the first world war, when tens of millions died. The epidemics come every year, but their severity varies. Normally influenza is simply one of many clinically indistinguishable influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) from which people recover uneventfully. Australia's latest season was worse than most, with a record number of laboratory confirmed cases (170 000), although better availability of molecular tests may account for much of the rise, as visits for ILIs have risen only slightly above the annual average.2 The northern hemisphere is now bracing for its turn.",
author = "{Del Mar}, Chris and Collignon, {Peter J.}",
pages = "j5007",
journal = "BMJ (Clinical research ed.)",
Del Mar, C & Collignon, PJ 2017, 'How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics?', BMJ (Clinical research ed.), vol. 2017, no. 359, pp. j5007.
How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics? / Del Mar, Chris; Collignon, Peter J.
In: BMJ (Clinical research ed.), Vol. 2017, No. 359, 02.11.2017, p. j5007.
T1 - How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics?
AU - Del Mar, Chris
AU - Collignon, Peter J.
N2 - Public health physicians and clinicians keep a wary eye out for influenza epidemics, bearing in mind the greatest pandemic at the end of the first world war, when tens of millions died. The epidemics come every year, but their severity varies. Normally influenza is simply one of many clinically indistinguishable influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) from which people recover uneventfully. Australia's latest season was worse than most, with a record number of laboratory confirmed cases (170 000), although better availability of molecular tests may account for much of the rise, as visits for ILIs have risen only slightly above the annual average.2 The northern hemisphere is now bracing for its turn.
AB - Public health physicians and clinicians keep a wary eye out for influenza epidemics, bearing in mind the greatest pandemic at the end of the first world war, when tens of millions died. The epidemics come every year, but their severity varies. Normally influenza is simply one of many clinically indistinguishable influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) from which people recover uneventfully. Australia's latest season was worse than most, with a record number of laboratory confirmed cases (170 000), although better availability of molecular tests may account for much of the rise, as visits for ILIs have risen only slightly above the annual average.2 The northern hemisphere is now bracing for its turn.
SP - j5007
JO - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
JF - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
Del Mar C, Collignon PJ. How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics? BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 2017 Nov 2;2017(359):j5007.
http://www.bmj.com/content/359/bmj.j5007


text:
David Del Tredici, Susan Narucki, Lukas Foss, Carol Wincenc, Jan Williams, and unidentified male at the Ojai Festival, May 1987
Del Tredici, David - Composer
Narucki, Susan - Voice (Soprano)
Foss, Lukas, 1922-2009 - Composer
Wincenc, Carol - Flute
Williams, Jan, 1939- - Percussion
Williams, Jan, 1939-
State University of New York at Buffalo. Music Library
https://library.buffalo.edu/music/about/copyright.html
8 x 10 in.
Mus. Arc. 10.3
Ojai (Calif.)
Jan Williams Collection of Images
Unidentified and Williams, Jan, 1939-, "David Del Tredici, Susan Narucki, Lukas Foss, Carol Wincenc, Jan Williams, and unidentified male at the Ojai Festival, May 1987," Digital Collections - University at Buffalo Libraries, accessed January 21, 2022, https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/items/show/10883.


text:
Letter from the Chancellor: January 21, 2021
Dear U of A Employees:
By now, all employees should have received a letter confirming eligibility to receive a COVID-19 vaccine as an employee of the U of A under Phase 1-B guidelines. This letter details what steps you can take to schedule a vaccination appointment with participating pharmacies and providers.
In addition, we're working to provide mass vaccination clinics on campus by appointment. U of A Emergency Management is currently reaching out directly to eligible employees, in a prioritized manner based on the individual's age, regarding appointments and next steps. You can find an overview of this process online.
Last week, we mentioned that we would provide a link to Collier Drug Stores to make appointments. But that plan has been revised. We are now reaching out to employees individually and relaying that information to Collier's to schedule appointments.
Please remain patient as it will take several weeks to get everyone vaccinated. But rest assured, vaccine appointments will be available for all eligible employees who want one. If you do not immediately hear from us, please don't panic. We'll get to you!
For the latest news and updates on vaccinations, please continue to visit the vaccine portion of the campus spring guide. As with everything COVID-related, the situation can change quickly.
Upcoming Panel Discussion – Jan. 26
I'd also like to encourage the entire campus community to register for a virtual panel discussion from 2–3 p.m. Tuesday, Jan. 26. The discussion will address our spring response to COVID-19, provide an overview of the vaccine rollout, and examine how the pandemic may impact summer and fall planning, among other topics. Provost Charles Robinson will facilitate a conversation among panelists who include:
Terry Martin, senior vice provost for academic affairs
Huda Sharaf, medical director of the Pat Walker Health Center
Flo Johnson, assistant vice chancellor for university housing
Steve Krogull, associate vice chancellor for university information technology
Matt Mills, director of U of A emergency management
Melissa Harwood-Rom, dean of students
We know there are lots of questions and concerns out there, and this is a good opportunity to ask them. We will continue to keep you informed of the latest developments. If you have questions or need further information regarding the vaccination process or anything pertaining to COVID response that has not been answered by the above links, please contact hrassist@uark.edu.
Joe Steinmetz, Ph.D.


Our research on flight management systems (FMS) uses optimal control techniques to obtain analytic solutions for estimates of the flight speed, flight time and direct operating costs for all types of vehicles to minimize direct operating costs of an airline.
The CTA will do its part to ensure that these changes help make Canadians' air travel experience as uneventful, in the best sense of the word, as possible.
Although spending for the Canadian Air Transport Security Authority had plateaued in the previous two years, spending for the crown corporation that handles airport security is expected to increase to $824.9-million this fiscal year.
I suspect there will be a lot of talk about unelected Senators interfering with the will of the House when MPs begin to debate our amendments. They would do well to remember that these are not 'Senate amendments' per se—they are amendments that Canadian voters, taxpayers, and workers asked us to make on their behalf.
Bill-49, which was introduced in the House almost a year ago, passed the Senate on March 29 with amendments to 10 clauses.
'The majority of the proposed legislative changes, approximately 90 per cent, are amendments to the Canada Transportation Act,' wrote Transport Minister Marc Garneau about C-49.


Are you looking for a change in your cooking style? Do you aspire for buying a top quality cooktop but holding back for exorbitant price-tag? Sit tight, as the Whirlpool W5CE3024XB 30 Inch Electric Cooktop Smooth Top is here to be your knight in shining armor.
Now, what's special about the Whirlpool 30 Electic Cooktop? First, it's sleek finish manages to set it apart from all those models. Then comes it's multiple burners along with versatile heating capacity. And dishwasher-safe knobs would definitely save your time.
If you're planning to bag this model for your kitchen and but can't decide whether you should or not, allow us to help you. Here goes a detailed review about this Whirlpool Cooktop w5ce3024xb. Hope it helps!
The Whirlpool W5CE3024XB ceramic electric cooktop 30 Inch comes with four heating elements featuring different size as well as heat generation capacity.
Both of the left-front and right-rear burners bear 6-inch diameter size offering about 1200 watts of heating power.
The left-rear burner a generate up to 1800-watt heating power with a size of 7-inch diameter.
The largest heating element lies on the right-front corner. It bears about 9-inch diameter and offers the heat generation ability of 2500-watt at maximum.
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Whirlpool 30″ Electric Cooktop Cearmic Glasstop W5CE3024XB model features a smooth-touch cook-top. The gorgeous black appearance makes it an easy prey for a lot of already built modular kitchens without any ruckus.
It's elegant ceramic glass-top also makes this cooktop the first choice of many people who are looking to replace their old cooktops or remodel their kitchens.
This Whirlpool 30 inch electric cooktop's smooth-top surface is not only amazing for it's magnificent beauty, but also demands appreciation for it's eco-friendly construction. It doesn't include environmentally hazardous elements, like antimony or arsenic, which are widely used in manufacturing glass-ceramic cooktops.
Thanks to the manufacturer for applying the Schott Ceran® technology to build the cooktop-surface. The patented Schott Ceran® construction technique makes the Whirlpool Cooktop w5ce3024xb model eco-friendly. This amazing feature certainly honors the needs of ecologically sentient consumers.
Whirlpool Electric Cooktop Smoothtop 30 Inch comes with four analog knobs for the four different heating elements. There are some symbols that would make it easy to find out the associated knob for every single burner.
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This 30″ Whirlpool Electric Cooktop gives you the freedom to cook diverse cousins in the home-ambient. You can use exactly pick whichever burner you need, for instance, an easy simmering easy or quicker boiling. But how?
The Whirlpool Cooktop w5ce3024xb is blessed with Power Burners that helps you to get ready large amounts of pasta in no time. It also bears Simmer Burners.
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Unlike the usual electric cooktops, the Whirlpool 30 Inch Electric Cooktop offers dishwasher compatible knobs. This unique feature keeps the dials of the cooktop safe from your dishwasher. As a result, you can remove the dials and clean your Whirlpool 30″ Cooktop W5CE3024XB without any hassle at all.
This Electric Range Cooktop saves you from making a clutter and then spending valuable time to clean it up. The Whirlpool Cooktop W5CE3024XB 30 Inch makes cooking experience from comfortable.
It is a well-known fact that looks might be deceptive, especially the stove-tops can easily deceive you into thinking that they have cooled down enough to be touched without getting any harm in the process. Thanks to the manufacturer for tackling this issue quite brilliantly in the 30″ whirlpool electric cooktop W5CE3024XB model.
In this electric stove-top, an indicator light will lit up to warn you if the cooktop's surface is still too hot to be touched safely. This indicator light will remain lit-on, even after you switch the stove-top off. Thus, it gets you aware of the cooktop's temperature at any time.
This allows you to take care of your well-being in addition to saving up on your electricity bill. Now you can cook safely with Whirlpool 30 Cooktop while minimizing the energy wastage!
Now you need not worry anymore about where to install the cooktop in your kitchen if you already have a built-in oven. The Whirlpool W5CE3024XB 30″ Electric Cooktop is congruent with wall-ovens that are built-in in your kitchen.
On top of all that, it can also be put up over a single built-in oven, in order to provide augmented tractability while installing your brand new electric cooktop.
However, this extremely convenient feature is not available in some other Whirlpool Cooktop models, like the G7CG3665XB, G7CG3064XB, etc. This exclusive attribute makes this particular model of Whirlpool Electric Range even better!
Comparing with the other Profile 30 Inch Electric Ranges, we can say that the Whirlpool W5CE3024XB model is quite affordable. Now it would be a bit over-expectation if you want this Whirlpool Electric Cooktop to conform with the definitions of highly stylish.
However, this Whirlpool Stove-top doesn't look bad at all from any angle. Giving us so many useful features in such a low price, the Whirlpool 30 Inch Electric CooktopW5CE3024XB has proved to be a pinnacle of emphasizing on utility more than the appearance.
You may have some reservations when you first take a look at it, but we recommend you to buy Whirlpool w5ce3024xb 30 Electric Cooktop without hesitation as its functioning is really good.
Whirlpool is a time-tested brand in the realm of electrical appliances industry. This makes the brand much easier for customers to trust to invest their money in, over the upcoming new brands in the market.
This Whirlpool W5CE3024XB Electric Cooktop 30 Inch is totally worth every cent you spend on it. It's great cooking performance out-wins it's price-tag and maintains the reputation of it's trademark name.
A Schott Ceran surface, free of antimony and arsenic, hence eco-friendly.
Can be cleaned with any cooktop cleaner, and will last for several months.
Pocket-friendly – won't burn a hole in your budget.
Burners heat up the food straight away.
Gets scratched pretty easily but can be buffed using the Ceran cleaner and plastic scrub provided by Whirlpool.
Burners can get discolored if food, water or anything else spills over them – might also require a razor blade to remove the residue.
Anything that drips onto the cooktop can get immediately burned, making it a hell of a job to clean it up.
This Whirlpool Electric Cooktop 30 Inch may seem like a modest, unassertive stove-top on your first impression of, but we can promise that its performance is absolutely astounding. Let's see a recap of it's features.
You can literally enjoy the freedom of cooking with this Whirlpool Cooktop as it offers Simmer and power burners. It's four heating elements bear versatility in size and offers 2500 watts of heating capacity at maximum.
This Whirlpool 30 Electric Cooktop's exclusive Schott Ceran® surface makes it gorgeous and eco-friendly as well. It's Heated Surface Indicator warns you and the dishwasher-safe knobs makes the cleaning effortless.
In fact, this Whirlpool 30″ Cooktop is one of the moderately affordable in-built cooktops currently in circulation in the market. This electric stove-top gives you all the functions you require from an electric range countertop without the least bit of compromise on its quality and operation.
On the whole, the Whirlpool W5CE3024XB 30″ Electric Cooktop Ceramic Glasstop model has carved a niche for itself in the industry of home cooktops. Happy cooking!
Where to Buy Whirlpool W5CE3024XB 30″ Black Electric Smoothtop Cooktop?
You May Also Like Best Electric Cooktop Reviews 2019.
6 Where to Buy Whirlpool W5CE3024XB 30″ Black Electric Smoothtop Cooktop?


text:
News | Science
Earth to Get Hotter and Hotter
A new model that accounts for cloud behavior developed by Australian researchers indicates that Earth's temperatures will get significantly warmer due to a decrease in clouds over the next century.
A study by the University of New South Wales says that Earth's temperatures will rise 7.2 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the century. And results of this would be no bueno for agriculture, especially in already warmer climates. The Australian team of researchers says they have a new key for predicting cloud behavior and, according to their predictions, carbon dioxide levels will double. They're describing it as "climate change madness." The team says the problem with climate change forecasting has been the inability to predict cloud behavior, but thanks to their new method, they can now account for clouds in their model. They say they are "hoping for the best and preparing for the worst."
dailyorbit
on science


text:
Q: PostgreSQL Database - Inner Join Query Error With the help of this community, I was able to produce a query using an inner join which I thought would work for what I'm trying to do. Unfortunately, when I attempted to run the query found below, I received the following error:
ERROR:  table name "bue" specified more than once

From what I've read on Google, some people have said that the "FROM bue" is not needed, but when I removed this, I got another error found below:
ERROR:  syntax error at or near "INNER" at character 98

I'd very much appreciate your assistance in troubleshooting this. Thank you so very much.

Query:
UPDATE
  bue
SET
  rgn_no = chapterassociation.rgn_no,
  chp_cd = chapterassociation.chp_cd
FROM
  bue
INNER JOIN
  chapterassociation
    ON  bue.work_state = chapterassociation.work_state
    AND bue.bgu_cd = chapterassociation.bgu_cd
WHERE
  bue.mbr_no IS NULL AND bue.chp_cd IS NULL

A: In PostgreSQL, specifying the table to be updated needs to be done only in the UPDATE clause, e.g. UPDATE bue.  The FROM clause is only for additional tables referenced in the query.  (If you were doing a self-join on bue, you would mention it again in the FROM clause, but you aren't in this case.)
The second error you get is likely just a simple syntax error.  The other tricky thing is that JOIN/ON syntax doesn't fit in the FROM clause, so you have to move the join conditions to the WHERE clause.  Try something like:
UPDATE
  bue
SET
  rgn_no = chapterassociation.rgn_no,
  chp_cd = chapterassociation.chp_cd
FROM
  chapterassociation
WHERE
  bue.mbr_no IS NULL AND bue.chp_cd IS NULL
  AND bue.work_state = chapterassociation.work_state
  AND bue.bgu_cd = chapterassociation.bgu_cd

See http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/interactive/sql-update.html.
(N.B. At least I don't know how to put JOIN/ON into an UPDATE statement... I could be missing something.)


text:
The EU Court of Justice Judgment in Huawei v ZTE important confirmation of practical steps to be ta
The EU Court of Justice Judgment in Huawei v ZTE – important confirmation of practical steps to be taken by Standard Essential Patent holders before seeking injunctions
Global | Publication | August 2015
The CJEU's Judgment
Implications of the CJEU's Judgment
The Court of Justice of the European Union has ruled that the holder of a Standard Essential Patent that has committed to license its Standard Essential Patent on FRAND terms may be found in breach of the competition rules (Article 102 TFEU) by seeking an injunction against a potential licensee in certain circumstances. In doing so, the CJEU's judgment sets out a number of steps that should be followed in SEP patent licensing negotiations.
On 16 July 2015, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) handed down its long-awaited judgment in Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd v ZTE Corp., ZTE Deutschland GmbH (Case C-170/13), concerning the potential for enforcement action by holders of standard essential patents (SEPs) to infringe EU competition rules against abuse of a dominant position. As hoped, the judgment resolves the divergence between the approach taken by some national courts in Europe to applications for injunctions against the use of SEPs where licensing terms have not been agreed, and the European Commission's approach to this issue under its competition law jurisdiction. At the same time, the judgment provides important guidance for SEP holders and implementers that will assist in framing licensing negotiations.
The reference before the CJEU concerned a case brought by Huawei, the Chinese mobile network technology company, against ZTE, another Chinese company, concerning the latter's marketing of mobile network products in Germany which incorporated software linked to the 4G "Long Term Evolution" (LTE) standard. The parties entered into negotiations to conclude a licensing agreement on FRAND terms for Huawei's patent but failed to reach an agreement. As a result, Huawei brought an action before the Landgericht Düsseldorf (the German Federal Court of Justice) for infringement of its patent, seeking an injunction prohibiting the continuation of the infringement, an order for the rendering of accounts, the recall of products, and an award of damages.
ZTE's defence before the German court was that Huawei's application for a preliminary injunction is an abuse of its dominant position contrary to Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) since ZTE is willing to negotiate a licence to use Huawei's patent. Recognising that the questions before it raised a complex and controversial issue concerning the interface between competition law and intellectual property (IP) rights and observing from the Commission's press releases in Samsung1 that its approach may be different to the Commission's approach, the German court stayed the proceedings and referred five questions2 to the CJEU concerning the conditions under which an application for an injunction can be made by an SEP holder without infringing competition law.
The CJEU's judgment adopts the approach described by Advocate General Wathelet as a "middle path" between the interests of the SEP holder in protecting the value of their inventions, and those of the implementers (i.e. companies that use the teaching of the SEP) in developing and marketing products that utilise the standard.3 The CJEU has imposed restrictions that SEP holders must follow to enforce their SEPs in certain circumstances, but in reality many of these will often be taken in the ordinary course of business by SEP holders and licensees. Perhaps more importantly, the CJEU has set out some limitations to the scope for the European Commission to open investigations under EU competition law rules when patent holders have sought injunctions in the context of patent disputes.
This article sets out the background to the preliminary reference, the CJEU's judgment, and the implications of the CJEU's judgment, in particular for the telecommunications sector where standards play an important role.
The development of technical standards can provide an important role in many industries to support compatibility between the products of one company and those of others. In the telecommunications sector, standards and interoperability ensure that a seller's handsets are able to work with mobile networks (subject to validation against a mobile operator's specific requirements). For example, consumers can expect a chosen handset to connect to the network they subscribe to, as well as to foreign networks on international roaming, and network operators expect new hardware installed within their network to be able to operate with hardware sourced from other suppliers. As well as network effects, standards also deliver obvious "macro" benefits to the wider economy, for example, efficient resource allocation and encouraging research and development at the technology level.
The LTE standard is a fourth generation (4G) mobile network communication standard which is composed of more than 4,700 declared SEPs. In fact, both Huawei and ZTE are holders of a number of declared SEPs relating to the LTE standard. The number of potential SEP holders relating to the LTE standard means that the manufacture of LTE products can potentially require technology companies to take out multiple licenses. For LTE product makers that hold some SEPs, this can mean entering into complex cross-licensing arrangements with others.
Standard setting bodies have long been alive to the potential for SEP holders to misuse their power in agreeing (or, indeed, refusing to agree) licences to allow the standard to be applied. This is a key risk when IP is contributed to open standards. In the mobile telecommunications sector, industry standards are set by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), a body that is composed of network operators, manufacturers, user representatives, service providers, universities, and others. During the development of an ETSI standard, members are required to inform the standards body of any IP rights which they own that they consider are essential to that standard and commit to offer licences to those SEPs on Fair Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory (FRAND) terms. On 4 March 2009, Huawei made such a commitment to the ETSI to license a European patent it holds that it declared "essential" to the LTE mobile standard.
Disputes in patent licensing negotiations generally arise when parties are unable to reach agreement on what is "fair" and "reasonable" under the FRAND requirement. In those circumstances, the SEP holder will usually commence an action against the implementer for infringement of its SEP and also seek an injunction to prevent on-going infringement.
The conduct of SEP holders who have given a commitment to grant licences to third parties on FRAND terms has given rise to a number of actions before the courts in various jurisdictions and investigations by competition authorities. Increasingly, disputes of this kind have arisen in the mobile technology sector between SEP holders that compete in downstream markets and require reciprocal licensing arrangements, for example the disputes that have arisen in recent years between Apple and Samsung.
These decisions have led to a number of divergent legal approaches and, consequently, a considerable degree of uncertainty. For example, the German courts have taken a patentee-friendly approach, as was established in the Orange Book case, whilst the European Commission has taken an implementer-friendly approach, as established in the recent Samsung and Motorola cases which also involve mobile standards – these are discussed in detail below.
In the US, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has also managed to involve President Obama in the debate by persuading him to veto the import ban on Apple products which the International Trade Commission (ITC) held infringed a Samsung SEP.4 The veto was exercised on the basis that Samsung had committed to license its SEP on FRAND terms, so should not have sought an import ban for products using the teaching of the patent. The veto was, however, surprising to many, given the ITC's recognition that Samsung had been negotiating in good faith and that Apple was unwilling to take a licence.
(a) The "Orange Book Standard" defence in Germany
A relatively long line of case law on this issue has been established by the German Courts, dating back to May 2009 and the Orange Book case.5 The Orange Book case concerned a de facto standard for CD-Rs (Compact Disc-Recordable). Philips, the patent holder, alleged that CD-Rs must comply with the specifications set out in a document known as the Orange Book such that any party marketing CD-Rs had to obtain a license under Philip's patent .
Philips commenced patent infringement actions against several manufacturers of CD-Rs that had not sought a licence for its patent. Philips also applied for an injunction against those manufacturers as well as an award of damages. In its defence, one of the defendants argued that Philips was abusing its dominant position on the market for CD-Rs by seeking an injunction for its patent, thereby infringing Article 102 TFEU.
The German Federal Court of Justice held that a potential licensee can raise a competition law defence against an application for an injunction in limited circumstances, if it can show that:
it has made an unconditional offer to license under terms that cannot be refused by the patent holder without abusing its dominant position; and
these terms require the implementer to behave as if a licence were in place by, for example, making royalty payments into an escrow account and waiving its right to challenge the patent.
This approach has been endorsed in a number of subsequent cases, where injunctions had been granted. So the essence of the position under the German case law is the requirement that implementers must take positive steps that do not call into question their willingness to pay royalties. In reality, the competition defence became difficult for implementers to rely on because it required the implementer to effectively accept the validity of the patent and the case on infringement against it.
(b) The European Commission's decisions in Samsung and Motorola
In the telecommunications sector, SEPs have become a key battleground between technology companies with large patent portfolios as standards have incorporated more technology and consequently a greater number of patents, and as mobile phones have become more sophisticated.
In Germany, Samsung and Motorola were each in negotiation with Apple for the licensing of their respective mobile telecoms SEPs. Those negotiations subsequently broke down, prompting Samsung and Motorola to bring patent infringement proceedings against Apple in the German Courts. In the context of those patent infringement proceedings they applied for interim injunctions for their respective SEPs. This encouraged the European Commission to open formal competition investigations against Samsung and Motorola to determine whether those proceedings constitute an abuse of a dominant position.
The Huawei v ZTE case came to trial in Germany after the Commission had adopted a statement of objections6 (which is confidential to the parties to the procedure) against Samsung but before a decision had been adopted (and before a non-confidential version of that decision had been published).
However, it was evident from the Commission's press releases in Samsung at the time that the Orange Book Standard may not be compatible with the Commission's approach under the competition rules. The German Court therefore felt it was necessary to stay the Huawei proceedings and make a preliminary reference to the CJEU to ensure consistency between its own decisions and the Commission's approach.
The Commission has since concluded its cases against Samsung and Motorola. In the case of an SEP, the Commission's position is that where a patent holder has given a commitment to license on FRAND terms, and the potential licensee is "willing" to negotiate a licence on that basis, the seeking of an injunction by the patent holder could constitute an abuse of a dominant position contrary to Article 102 TFEU. This is on the basis that, in the Commission's view, the SEP holder can use the threat of an injunction to distort licensing negotiations and impose unjustified licensing terms on licensees.
In Samsung, the Commission decided not to proceed to an infringement decision and instead accepted legally binding commitments7 (under Article 9 of Regulation 1/2003)8 offered by Samsung not to seek injunctions in relation to any of its present and future SEPs for mobile devices for a period of 5 years against any potential licensee that agrees to accept a particular licensing framework for the determination of FRAND terms and conditions. The detailed licensing framework provides for:
a negotiation period of 12 months; and
if no agreement is reached, a third party FRAND determination by a court or arbitrator.
In Motorola, the Commission went down another path and adopted an infringement decision9 (under Article 7 of Regulation 1/2003) against Motorola finding that it had abused its dominant position by seeking an injunction against Apple in relation to its SEP for the GPRS standard. However, the Commission exercised its discretion (and exceptionally) did not impose a fine because of the divergent decisions of Member States and the absence of EU case law.
(c) The Advocate General's Opinion10
Prior to the CJEU reaching its decision on questions referred by national courts, the EU Court process provides for one of the Advocate Generals (AG) to deliver an opinion on the issues before the CJEU to aid the court.
AG Wathelet's Opinion, therefore, gave the first indication of how the EU's highest court would likely approach the interaction between competition law and IP rights in the context of interim injunction applications for SEPs.
The AG first noted the factual differences between the Orange Book case and the dispute in Huawei v ZTE. The patent in the Orange Book case related to a de facto standard for which the owner of the patent at issue had not given a commitment to grant a licence on FRAND terms. It is natural that, in those circumstances, the patent owner will have greater negotiating power than in the case of an SEP owner . In view of the factual differences, the AG's view was that the Orange Book Standard could not be transposed by analogy to the Huawei case.
The AG opined that a "middle path" needed to be found between excessive protection for the SEP holder and excessive protection for the implementer. The AG criticised the German line of case law (for offering too much protection to the patentee), and the approach of the Commission (for offering too much protection to the implementer).
The AG observed that an injunction has at least the potential to restrict competition. However, by making a commitment to grant a licence to third parties on FRAND terms, the patent holder does not give up its right to seek an injunction, and the seeking of an injunction cannot by itself constitute an abuse of a dominant position.
The AG's conclusion in this regard is unsurprising because in most jurisdictions around the world, the claimant in a patent infringement action can seek an injunction against an alleged infringer preventing the latter from continuing to use the inventions claimed in the patent, until the substantive case on infringement (and in some cases also validity) has been determined. The right of a party to go to court and ask for an injunction is a universally recognised right and enshrined in Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights (right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial).
However, the AG opined that where the standard implementer is "willing" to conclude a licence, seeking an injunction will constitute an abuse of dominance. The AG identified specific guidelines for the negotiation of licences for SEPs. These have generally been endorsed by the CJEU as set out below.
Whilst the AG was not asked by the German Court to consider whether an SEP holder is necessarily dominant in the relevant market, the AG commented that an SEP holder may be presumed to be dominant but that it is possible to rebut this presumption with "specific, detailed evidence". This observation, and the suggestion of a presumption, was somewhat curious. It seemed to ignore the fact that a declared SEP may not really be essential to design a product that is standard conformant.
More importantly, depending on the circumstances and the specific SEP, it might be questioned whether an SEP holder can really be dominant by virtue of its ownership of a single SEP where a mobile phone manufacturer (or network hardware maker) must license numerous SEPs from more than one SEP holder in order to comply with a particular standard. This – the question of dominance – would need to be assessed on the facts of the case. As mentioned above, the LTE standard has more than 4,700 declared SEPs and mobile telephony equipment makers will typically enter into complex cross-licensing arrangements in relation to the use of numerous patents. In those circumstances, can it really be the case that all SEP holders for the LTE standard are dominant?
As is often the case, the CJEU's judgment endorsed the AG's Opinion. In providing answers to the German court's questions, the CJEU acknowledged the balance to be struck between maintaining free competition and safeguarding the SEP holder's IP rights, and its right to effective judicial protection guaranteed by Article 17(2) and Article 47 of the Charter, respectively.
According to settled EU case law, the exercise of an exclusive right can only constitute an abuse of dominance in exceptional circumstances. However, the CJEU explained that the situation in the present case can be distinguished from previous case law because it concerned an SEP and because the patent only obtained SEP status in return for the SEP holder's commitment to ETSI to offer licences to third parties on FRAND terms.
In those circumstances, and having regard to the fact that an SEP holder's commitment to grant licences on FRAND terms creates a legitimate expectation that the SEP holder will in fact grant such licences, a refusal by the SEP holder to grant those licences may constitute an abuse of dominance.
Reflecting the AG's view, the CJEU judgment identifies a number of specific guidelines for SEP patent licensing negotiations which include the steps that an SEP holder needs to comply with in order to prevent an application for an injunction being regarded as an abuse of dominance.
The SEP holder must alert the implementer in writing of the infringement complained of by noting the relevant SEP and how it is alleged to be infringed. This is because the implementer may not necessarily be aware that it is using the teaching of an SEP that is both valid and essential to a standard.
The implementer must express a willingness to conclude a licensing agreement on FRAND terms.
The SEP holder must provide a specific, written offer for a licence on FRAND terms. The offer must specify the amount of the royalty and how it is calculated.
The implementer must "diligently" respond to that offer, in accordance with recognised commercial practices and in good faith, which must be established on the basis of objective factors and which implies, in particular, that there are no delaying tactics.
If the implementer does not accept the offer made to it, a counter offer that corresponds to FRAND terms must be made promptly and in writing to the SEP holder.
If the implementer is using the teachings of the SEP before a licensing agreement has been concluded, the implementer must provide appropriate security in respect of its past and future use of the SEP. For example, a bank guarantee for the payment of royalties or by placing the relevant amount of money on deposit.
Where an agreement has not been reached on the details of the FRAND terms following the counter-offer by the implementer, the parties may, by agreement, request that the amount of the royalty be determined by an independent third party.
The implementer cannot be criticised for challenging, in parallel to negotiations for a grant of licence, the validity of the SEP or the essential nature of the SEP or for reserving the right to do so in the future. Thus, in contrast to the Orange Book Standard that required an "unconditional offer" to license from the implementer (meaning agreement not to challenge the alleged infringement or the validity of the patent), the implementer can defend itself with non-infringement and invalidity arguments.
Therefore, whilst the implementer must proceed on the basis that the patent is valid, it agrees to pay the claimed or negotiated royalty (or pay the difference into escrow), and can still challenge validity separately.
It remains to be seen how the German Court will apply these criteria to the dispute between Huawei and ZTE and how courts in future disputes will do so. For example, will broad compliance with the general sequence and the spirit of the steps be sufficient?
An SEP holder seeking a recall of products (under national regimes where a court might consider making such an order) would appear to be subject to the same rules as above. However, the CJEU did not question the SEP holder's right to seek damages or the rendering of accounts because those remedies do not have a direct impact on products complying with the relevant standard manufactured by competitors entering or remaining on the market.
Contrary to the AG, the CJEU did not take a position on whether an SEP confers a dominant position, instead choosing to note that the German Court did not refer a question on this point. It therefore remains the case that national courts are left to consider the extent to which an SEP holder has market power on a case-by-case basis, taking into account competing technologies.
The CJEU's judgment provides some much-needed clarity on the conditions under which an injunction application can be brought by an SEP holder without infringing competition law. It provides guidance to SEP holders and implementers engaged in patent licensing negotiations and should require greater transparency on both sides (for example, SEP holders must provide a written licence offer to the implementer which will include the amount of the royalty and how it is calculated, and the implementer must "diligently" respond and provide any counter-offer "promptly").
The CJEU's judgment is also an important step towards harmonising the approach of Member States to the conduct of SEP holders who have given a commitment to grant licences to third parties on FRAND terms. This is an important step towards harmonisation of patent law in the EU, which will be completed with the establishment of the Unified Patent Court.
The CJEU has made it very clear that, in situations where the user of an SEP is notionally prepared to pay a royalty (i.e. "willing" to take a licence) a number of specific steps must be complied with in order to seek an injunction restraining the use of the relevant SEP. These steps appear to limit the contractual and / or commercial freedom of the SEP holder to set royalty rates. By impacting the dynamics of the patent licensing negotiation, it remains to be seen whether the CJEU's decision will have an impact on the royalties paid by implementers and the ultimate prices paid by consumers. However, although the effect on royalty levels remains to be seen, the judgment includes a clear expectation that an implementer using a declared SEP in advance of agreeing rates must make some advanced provision for royalties, whether through providing a bank guarantee or putting monies in escrow. This means an immediate impact on earnings for implementers compared to the previous status quo.
The ability to enforce SEPs is crucial for innovation in the telecommunications and other sectors where industry standards are common place such as the information technology sector. If injunctions are only available in some limited circumstances, this could have an impact of the value of SEPs and in turn on incentives to innovate.
Against this there are legitimate concerns that injunctions can be used by SEP holders to distort licensing negotiations and extract high royalty fees. In the circumstances, the CJEU arguably offers a reasonable compromise for both parties - the "middle path" described by the Advocate General in his Opinion.
Of course, the steps set out by the CJEU are sufficiently broad that aspects will be open to interpretation, and could lead to future disputes. However, the framework provided should ensure that both SEP holders and implementers alike engage in genuine commercial discussions, reducing the scope for premature use of patent enforcement proceedings or recourse to competition rules as weapons in battles between competing technology companies. If parties are to engage in genuine commercial discussions, we may see patent infringement cases move from the courts to arbitration where the parties can debate the issue of FRAND in a confidential setting and avoid any decisions becoming a legal precedent.
Finally, two key questions still remain. Firstly, will the guidelines work in practice where an SEP holder is likely to be licensing a portfolio of patents rather than a single patent? Secondly, what exactly constitutes FRAND terms, in particular what "reasonable" means for royalties? In view of these outstanding questions, there may be further preliminary references from the national courts to the CJEU.
Commission Decision AT.39939 – Samsung – Enforcement of UMTS standard essential patents
Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landgericht Düsseldorf (Germany) lodged on 5 April 2013 – Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd v ZTE Corp., ZTE Deutschland GmbH (Case C-170/13)
Opinion of AG Wathelet, Case C-170/13 Huawei Technologies Co Ltd v ZTE Corp
ITC Institutes Investigation (337-TA-794) Regarding Certain Electronic Devices, Including Wireless Communication Devices, Portable Music And Data Processing Devices, And Tablet Computers
KZR 39/06, Orange-Book Standard, Judgment of 6 May 2009
A statement of objections in the EU system is a charge sheet in the form of a draft decision.
http://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/cases/dec_docs/39939/39939_1502_5.pdf
A commitments decision is essentially considered a settlement under EU law whereby the Commission does not reach a conclusion on whether EU competition rules have been infringed but the commitments are binding and enforceable.
http://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/cases/dec_docs/39985/39985_928_16.pdf
Case C‑170/13 Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd v ZTE Corp., ZTE Deutschland GmbH
Mark Simpson
Head of Antitrust and Competition, London
mark.simpson@nortonrosefulbright.com
Practice area:


Fashion can be fun for the whole family — pets included. And dressing up your dog or cat doesn't have to be over the top. Although, if that's your style, we've got your back. Here's our list of the best couture for your dog or cat. Whether you woke up like this or are headed to a wedding, here is our pet fashion guide.
A jean jacket and hoodie is such a classic! Now you and your favorite buddy can wear 'em together. Buy this hoodie and jean vest combo here.
Polos are another excellent fashion staple. You can dress them up or dress them down. These ones come in a bunch of colors here.
"Dad" Hawaiian shirts are all the rage this summer. Make sure your pet is fashion-forward and get them one of these shirts here.
Everyday is Funday when you wear a bright floral shirt. Buy one here.
Remember Adidas tracksuits a la Sporty Spice? Well they're back! They're all over fashion blogs and Instagram and now your pet can wear one too. Buy one in every color here.
Plaid shirts are another terrific staple that never goes out of style. This one comes with a bowtie here.
It's wedding season! While it's nearly impossible to get a human wedding dress last minute, this one is available via Amazon Prime here.
This plaid dress just screams Burberry and rainy London days to us. It will look perfect come Autumn and Winter. You can snag one here.
Summer is for rainbows! Just know that this one doesn't come with a pot of gold! You can get it here.
This is another bright and sunny dress that is perfect for clear days and happy pets. Buy it here.
Polkadots don't have to be in every shade of the rainbow. This dress is great if you want something a little more subtle. You can find it here.
Always the bridesmaid but never the bride? That's no reason bridesmaids can't look cute too! This sequin gold number will still let them have a special day even if it's not their special day. Buy it here.
Does your pet like to dress up? Let us know on Facebook!


text:
Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes
Chad A Brautigam, Thomas A. Steitz
New levels in the understanding of DNA replication have been achieved from recent crystal structure determinations of several DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. The structure of an α family DNA polymerase from bacteriophage RB69 shows some similarities, but also considerable differences in structure and organization from the pol I family DNA polymerases. Also, the functions of three polymerase domains and their conserved residues have been clarified by studying structures of pol I family DNA polymerases complexed to their substrates. These structures also confirm that an identical two-metal ion catalytic mechanism proposed previously is used by both the nonhomologous pol I and pol β family DNA polymerases.
Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Dive into the research topics of 'Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
DNA Polymerase I Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase Medicine & Life Sciences 82%
bacteriophage RB69 DNA polymerase Medicine & Life Sciences 39%
DNA Replication Medicine & Life Sciences 18%
Metals Medicine & Life Sciences 15%
Ions Medicine & Life Sciences 15%
Brautigam, C. A., & Steitz, T. A. (1998). Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 8(1), 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-440X(98)80010-9
Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. / Brautigam, Chad A; Steitz, Thomas A.
In: Current Opinion in Structural Biology, Vol. 8, No. 1, 02.1998, p. 54-63.
Brautigam, CA & Steitz, TA 1998, 'Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes', Current Opinion in Structural Biology, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-440X(98)80010-9
Brautigam CA, Steitz TA. Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 1998 Feb;8(1):54-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-440X(98)80010-9
Brautigam, Chad A ; Steitz, Thomas A. / Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. In: Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 1998 ; Vol. 8, No. 1. pp. 54-63.
@article{62c8f4f84cb24ecf91688024a0ca8bc3,
title = "Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes",
abstract = "New levels in the understanding of DNA replication have been achieved from recent crystal structure determinations of several DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. The structure of an α family DNA polymerase from bacteriophage RB69 shows some similarities, but also considerable differences in structure and organization from the pol I family DNA polymerases. Also, the functions of three polymerase domains and their conserved residues have been clarified by studying structures of pol I family DNA polymerases complexed to their substrates. These structures also confirm that an identical two-metal ion catalytic mechanism proposed previously is used by both the nonhomologous pol I and pol β family DNA polymerases.",
author = "Brautigam, {Chad A} and Steitz, {Thomas A.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors wish to thank S Doublie and T Ellenberger for providing data and figures in advance of publication, J Wang for providing figures and molecular models, and J Jager and J Pata for access to molecular models. This work was funded in pan by the American Cancer Society grant #BE-52K to TAS.",
journal = "Current Opinion in Structural Biology",
T1 - Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes
AU - Brautigam, Chad A
AU - Steitz, Thomas A.
N1 - Funding Information: The authors wish to thank S Doublie and T Ellenberger for providing data and figures in advance of publication, J Wang for providing figures and molecular models, and J Jager and J Pata for access to molecular models. This work was funded in pan by the American Cancer Society grant #BE-52K to TAS.
N2 - New levels in the understanding of DNA replication have been achieved from recent crystal structure determinations of several DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. The structure of an α family DNA polymerase from bacteriophage RB69 shows some similarities, but also considerable differences in structure and organization from the pol I family DNA polymerases. Also, the functions of three polymerase domains and their conserved residues have been clarified by studying structures of pol I family DNA polymerases complexed to their substrates. These structures also confirm that an identical two-metal ion catalytic mechanism proposed previously is used by both the nonhomologous pol I and pol β family DNA polymerases.
AB - New levels in the understanding of DNA replication have been achieved from recent crystal structure determinations of several DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. The structure of an α family DNA polymerase from bacteriophage RB69 shows some similarities, but also considerable differences in structure and organization from the pol I family DNA polymerases. Also, the functions of three polymerase domains and their conserved residues have been clarified by studying structures of pol I family DNA polymerases complexed to their substrates. These structures also confirm that an identical two-metal ion catalytic mechanism proposed previously is used by both the nonhomologous pol I and pol β family DNA polymerases.
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text:
package gw.plugin.ij.filetypes;

import com.intellij.openapi.fileEditor.OpenFileDescriptor;
import com.intellij.openapi.project.Project;
import com.intellij.openapi.vfs.VirtualFile;
import com.intellij.psi.FileViewProvider;
import gw.plugin.ij.lang.psi.IGosuFile;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

import javax.swing.*;

public interface IGosuFileTypeProvider {
  @NotNull
  IGosuFile createGosuFile(@NotNull FileViewProvider viewProvider);

  @Nullable
  Icon getIcon(@NotNull VirtualFile file);

  OpenFileDescriptor getOpenFileDescriptor(Project project, VirtualFile virtualFile, int offset);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
id: 81
title: Imagens do Iraque
date: 2005-08-26T15:54:46+00:00
author: Claudio Miranda
layout: post
permalink: /2005/08/Imagens-do-Iraque/
categories:
  - Historia
---
Dificilmente essas imagens chocantes do Iraque aparecem na mídia.

Nada que não seja fácil de encontrar em outros websites de pesquisa


Poker players who are new to online poker tournaments will want to read a lot of information. Many new players make the mistake of jumping in without much knowledge of how the tournament works and they lose money while they are trying to learn. The best way to approach them is to do so in an educated manner.
New players sometimes get so excited about being in a tournament for the first time that they make mistakes. Some of these mistakes can be large ones that can cost them a game they may have won if they had not made that wrong call.
New players should make sure they don't put too much into an average hand. They need to take their hand at face value.
Players want to remember that they have to pay attention to the other players and keep track of which players play in certain manners. A good way to do this is to take notes.
Players need to remember that it is always a bad idea to play poker of any type when they have been drinking. If a player knows they want to take part in an online poker tournament then they should make sure they don't drink before or during the tournament.
Online tournaments can be found at all times of the day. This means a player will want to choose the time which works the best for them so they will be able to pay full attention to the game.
It's a good idea to play tight in a tournament. You can become more aggressive during the later part of the game. However, you want to start off tight.
If you are in a multi-table tournament, you want to pay attention to what is going on at your table only. You won't want to let your mind wander to what may be going on at those other tables.
There are some new poker players who plan on winning. They tend to get cocky and think that if they are determined enough to win, then they will. The fact is that a player should go into the tournament with a positive frame of mind and they should plan on playing their best. However, they should never plan on winning.
Players need to remember that they need to survive the hand first and foremost. This means that they want to be very careful before they go all in. Once they do, there will be no going back.
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Android phone with NFC enabled.
A Delhi Metro card or token (or any NFC tag).
Enable NFC in your phone. Go to Settings > Wireless & Networks > More and then enable NFC.
Download NFC ReTag FREE from Google play store.
Open the application and then touch your Delhi metro card at the back of the phone. This will automatically detect your card and pops up with a screen that says a new tag has been detected.
Click on add tag and give it a name, lets say "Play Music", as we will start music player in our tutorial.
After that click on add activity, and there you will find any actions and activities that you can perform. Here we will select Music > Play Music.
Click "OK" to confirm the action.
That's it, now whenever you touch your metro card or token at the back of your phone, it will automatically start playing the music.
Isn't this cool You can do a variety of task with this simple method. Try this become smart among your friends.
Copyright © 2019 Android GB. All Rights Reserved.


Who's at Fault in an Uber Accident?
Who's at Fault in an Uber Accident?
Smartphones have transformed the world we live in through the development of various applications. One such innovation is the development of ride sharing applications like Uber. Uber is a car for hire application that allows users to call a driver to their location and get transportation to their desired destination. Since its introduction, Uber has become very popular.
In spite of its growing popularity, there are some disadvantages. Firstly, Uber drivers are not professionals. The majority of Uber drivers work part-time to earn extra cash. Uber does not require its drivers to have special training or special licensing.
Secondly, you cannot schedule an Uber ride ahead of time in the same way you do with a traditional taxi service. Most importantly, traditional taxis are regulated by state and local governments. No state or local government's regulations apply to Uber, which can be especially troublesome in the case of an accident.
Who is liable when a passenger gets injured in an Uber accident?
If the Uber driver was carrying a passenger or on their way to pick up a passenger, the driver, passenger and the car will be covered by the company's one million dollar policy.
If the Uber driver was between rides, the driver's personal insurance will cover the injuries of the driver, car and the passenger.
If the other driver was at fault for the accident, the other driver's insurance will cover the damages.
Finding the right Uber car accident attorney is important.
Recovering compensation after an Uber accident may be challenging. If you have been injured in an accident while using Uber, you need to make sure your rights are protected and that you receive the appropriate compensation. In the majority of Uber accident cases, victims may have to fight to get proper compensation because the personal auto insurance policy of the driver may refuse to pay. Also, although Uber claims to provide one million dollars of insurance coverage for injured passengers, making a claim for compensation may be very complicated.
Therefore, hiring an experienced Uber accident lawyer will ensure that you are treated fairly and that you receive the full compensation you deserve.
Our Uber car accident lawyers can help.
If you or a loved one has been injured in an Uber accident, you need the legal assistance of an experienced Uber accident lawyer to help you make a successful claim. We help Uber accident victims seek fair compensation for the injuries they have sustained. We can help you. Call us at 877-415-6566 or email at [email protected].


text:
import Vuex from 'vuex';
import { mount, createLocalVue } from '@vue/test-utils';
import { createStore } from '~/ide/stores';
import { createRouter } from '~/ide/ide_router';
import Item from '~/ide/components/merge_requests/item.vue';

const TEST_ITEM = {
  iid: 1,
  projectPathWithNamespace: 'gitlab-org/gitlab-ce',
  title: 'Merge request title',
};

describe('IDE merge request item', () => {
  const localVue = createLocalVue();
  localVue.use(Vuex);

  let wrapper;
  let store;
  let router;

  const createComponent = (props = {}) => {
    wrapper = mount(Item, {
      propsData: {
        item: {
          ...TEST_ITEM,
        },
        currentId: `${TEST_ITEM.iid}`,
        currentProjectId: TEST_ITEM.projectPathWithNamespace,
        ...props,
      },
      localVue,
      router,
      store,
    });
  };
  const findIcon = () => wrapper.find('[data-testid="mobile-issue-close-icon"]');

  beforeEach(() => {
    store = createStore();
    router = createRouter(store);
  });

  afterEach(() => {
    wrapper.destroy();
    wrapper = null;
  });

  describe('default', () => {
    beforeEach(() => {
      createComponent();
    });

    it('renders merge requests data', () => {
      expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('Merge request title');
      expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('gitlab-org/gitlab-ce!1');
    });

    it('renders link with href', () => {
      const expectedHref = router.resolve(
        `/project/${TEST_ITEM.projectPathWithNamespace}/merge_requests/${TEST_ITEM.iid}`,
      ).href;

      expect(wrapper.element.tagName.toLowerCase()).toBe('a');
      expect(wrapper.attributes('href')).toBe(expectedHref);
    });

    it('renders icon if ID matches currentId', () => {
      expect(findIcon().exists()).toBe(true);
    });
  });

  describe('with different currentId', () => {
    beforeEach(() => {
      createComponent({ currentId: `${TEST_ITEM.iid + 1}` });
    });

    it('does not render icon', () => {
      expect(findIcon().exists()).toBe(false);
    });
  });

  describe('with different project ID', () => {
    beforeEach(() => {
      createComponent({ currentProjectId: 'test/test' });
    });

    it('does not render icon', () => {
      expect(findIcon().exists()).toBe(false);
    });
  });
});


text:
Voice of sanity
The Tanjong Pagar Container Terminal at the port of Singapore. Photo: Bloomberg
For many years now, the annual Trade and Development Report (TDR) produced by UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) has been a voice of sanity in the global discourse on the world economy that has often appeared to be dominated by denial and irrelevance. The Report has also often proved to be remarkably prescient—for example, anticipating as early as 2006 the likely collapse of financial markets that occurred in 2008, or pointing in the past few years to the futility of excessive reliance on monetary policies alone to lift economic growth, which policymakers are only beginning to come to grips with at present.
This year's report provides a similarly insightful assessment of current economic trends, which captures the dilemmas facing policymakers across the world. It summarises the poor state of the global economy, with slow growth in advanced economies (expected to be less than 2 per cent this year) and developing countries (around 4 per cent, that is 2.5 percentage points below the pre-crisis figure). Global trade has, meanwhile, decelerated even more and the commodity cycle is now in its second year of sharp downturn even as many commodity prices have been falling since 2012. Capital flows have become more volatile again and debt crises are looming in several countries.
This reflects the unbalanced and unsustainable nature of the supposed recovery from the crisis. As the Overview notes: "Financial markets are chastened but unreformed, debt levels are higher than ever and inequality continues to rise. Most of the upside gains have resulted from asset price rises and increased corporate profits. Meanwhile, most of the downside adjustment has fallen on debtor countries and working families, with wages, employment and welfare provision under constant pressure from a return to austerity measures. This conjuncture might appropriately be described as a "Polanyi period", in which the regulatory and normative framework on which healthy markets depend, having already warped, is beginning to buckle as the weight of Greenspan's mistake is felt in an ever-widening swathe of economic and social life—from precarious employment conditions to corporate tax inversions to undrinkable tap water. Trust in political leadership is at an all-time low, just when the need for decisive political action is at an all-time high" (TDR, Overview, page II).
As TDR 2016 notes, a major reason for this situation is the premature return to "business as usual" after the immediate effects of the global financial crisis had been mitigated. Weak demand, particularly in the developed world, remains a major drag on global economic expansion, and extraordinarily loose monetary policies are doing little to revive it. Even higher levels of public debt have failed to stimulate demand and boost growth, largely because these are a consequence of balance sheet adjustments in other parts of the economy. Meanwhile, the real reason for insufficient demand—falling wage shares of national income reflecting stagnant or even declining wage incomes in many countries—is not addressed nor has it been sought to be offset by higher investment spending.
The report notes that the weak labour market conditions and tepid growth cannot be effectively resolved by either financial bubbles or export surges. Financial bubbles can provide a temporary boost at best, but they tend to aggravate the deflationary gap by increasing inequality and create supply-side distortions that impede productivity growth. Export surpluses can certainly benefit countries that achieve them, but are ultimately a beggar-thy-neighbour response in a world of insufficient global demand (TDR, Overview, Page III).
Instead of the current economic strategies that are clearly not working, a change in policy direction is required. For most advanced countries as well as many developing countries, this would require a more proactive fiscal stance, both on spending and taxation, with supportive monetary and credit policies, stronger financial regulation and redistributive measures through an incomes policy, minimum wage legislation, progressive taxation measures and welfare-enhancing social programmes. Obviously, this requires a greater degree of international coordination, especially for developing countries to get the policy space required for sustainable expansion, to manage external shocks and to generate structural transformation. This, in turn, must be delivered through greater flexibility in various international rules and changes in the international trade and investment architecture.
The latter is actually seen to be crucial because this year's report, in addition to providing acute assessment of the contemporary global economy, also steps back to look more systematically at processes of industrialisation and structural change, which it defines as key to the development project. An examination of the trends in the past 40 years shows that catch-up industrialisation has indeed been relatively rare, mostly evident only in some countries of East and South-East Asia. In these regions, the share of manufacturing in gross domestic product (GDP) rose steadily to cross a threshold of 25 per cent (South-East Asia) or 30 per cent (North-East Asia) and stayed that way for a sustained period of time. This was accompanied by strong employment creation and rising productivity, allowing countries in these regions to successfully enter global markets and drive up the rising share of developing countries in global trade in manufacturing over the past few decades. As the manufacturing sector expanded, primary production also became more efficient because of declining input prices and knowledge spillovers. Similarly, the services sector also developed in conjunction with manufacturing.
In these cases of successful catch-up industrialisation, steadily rising per capita investment was a key factor for reaching a critical mass in manufacturing activities. Various production, knowledge and income linkages were fostered by industrial policy that provided strong government support for selected industries, including public investment in infrastructure, targeted credit allocation, public and publicly sponsored R&D, and access to export markets, as well as policies to influence more equitable distribution of incomes, which in turn boosted domestic demand.
But in other less successful regions and countries, manufacturing growth has fallen below overall output growth, and employment growth has been associated with little productivity growth, or vice versa. Indeed, cases of stalled industrialisation have been much more common in the developing world, as shares of industrial income and employment have stagnated after some growth of manufacturing output, but at lower levels of per capita income and overall productivity (such as in India and Mexico). In some cases, manufacturing slowed even before a solid base for sustained industrialisation could be established, as in many sub-Saharan African countries.
An even more extreme case is that of premature de-industrialisation, in which the shares of manufacturing value-added and employment start to decline at levels of per capita income much lower than those at which developed economies and successful catch-up industrialisers start to de-industrialise, accompanied by declines in relative productivity levels. A number of countries in South America since the debt crisis of the 1980s, as well as some North African countries and several transition economies after the collapse of the centrally planned system, have experienced prolonged periods of productivity stagnation or decline, in most cases coinciding with sharp falls in investment growth. Such premature de-industrialisation was, in general, closely linked to drastic policy changes such as more restrictive macroeconomic policies, lower public investment in infrastructure and knowledge, as well as large and often unilateral trade liberalisation that affected the profitability and viability of manufacturing. Reduced state intervention to support structural transformation tended to be accompanied by more regressive income distribution that weakened domestic demand. TDR 2016 explicitly considers the relationship between trade and industrialisation and, in particular, the much-discussed strategy of export-led industrialisation. It finds that although deeper participation in international trade can increase the pace and extent of industrialisation and raise productivity both within and across industries, this causation is neither simple nor assured. Reciprocal trade liberalisation opens export markets and eases the import of capital goods and intermediate products, but it also generates challenges for domestic industrialisation, such as increasing competition from industrial imports and the fact that export markets for developing countries have become much more crowded and competitive, increasing the globally accessible supply of less-skilled labour at a time of general wage compression and weak aggregate demand.
What has become evident is that other than in a few exceptional cases, export-led industrialisation has generally failed to create broadly shared, high-wage employment. Enclaves of manufacturing excellence, while laudable, tend to be insufficient to generate the linkages and the economy-wide productive transformation required to achieve significant industrialisation. Further, productivity gains may not lead to higher wages and social upgrading; rather, they mostly increase profits or are used to lower prices to ensure competitive advantage.
Of course, it is also true that in the current world economy, many of the weak links between trade in manufacturing and industrialisation can be traced to the problem of deficient global aggregate demand. The report emphasises that growth strategies in both the North and the South that are based on wage compression and fiscal austerity lead to overall insufficient demand. Obviously, it will be increasingly necessary for developing countries to turn to more regional, South-based markets, as is already partly reflected in the changing geography of international trade. But there is a pressing need for a change in policy focus as well, from export-oriented industrialisation to domestic demand-driven industrialisation.
The other important lesson from history is that structural transformation needs a strong investment push, and indeed the later that countries begin to industrialise the more demanding this requirement becomes. At all levels of per capita income, the financing of investment pushes can be a major constraint on development. This is where recent tendencies towards financialisation are of some concern.
In a chapter on the profit-investment nexus, the report points out that growing financial openness and persistent instability in the international financial system have weakened this relationship in both developed and developing economies. Corporate profitability has increased almost everywhere, but investment trajectories have not increased in most countries and have even shown declines in some. This is obviously of great concern not only where a previously strong profit-investment nexus has weakened, but also in countries where such a relationship has yet to be established in the absence of banking systems capable of financing industrialisation. So the need to restrain corporate financialisation is an important issue in developed and developing economies alike. This would require changes in corporate governance and in the incentive structures of non-financial corporations, through regulation of finance as well as more attention to corporate taxation.
Ultimately, this report is a call for renewed attention to industrial policy, not in the simplistic sense of "picking winners" but in considering various strategies for diversification and upgrading to foster strong productivity growth. This means going beyond selecting sectors to building linkages and capabilities, obviously with an eye to policy coherence so as to bring together macroeconomic, financial, trade and industrial policies. These are all eminently sensible suggestions—all that is needed is a broader political environment that will support them.
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Learn about employee performance development, an integral part of UCSD's performance appraisal process. Developing employees is a shared responsibility between supervisor and employee.
Employees have the principal responsibility for developing their skills, knowledge, and experience. The supervisor's responsibility is to assess, inform, refer, guide, and develop. When supervisors and employees identify performance development goals during annual performance appraisals, the object is to identify opportunities that enable employees to sustain, improve, and build upon past performance and contribute to organizational effectiveness.
Supervisors and department heads are encouraged to support employees' career development within their departments and the university. At the same time, they should exercise appropriate discretion and concern for equity and the operational needs of their departments. For information about addressing job-related, career-related, and educational enrichment professional development requests, see Implementing Procedure 50 (Professional Development) (PDF).
UCSD Staff Education and Development's mission is to support employee development. See the catalog in UC Learning Center for a full list of courses offered.
UCSD Extended Studies and Public Services offers courses and certificate programs for a variety of professional development topics and curricula.
Continuing Your Education in Blink includes links to local colleges and universities.
Career Connection offers career development programs for employees and supervisors.
The UCSD Performance Appraisal and Development Models (available in Word or PDF) provide references, instructions, and the forms for conducting the performance appraisal process.
The Educational Benefits system enables campus employees to take advantage of their educational benefits and discounts.
The Training Justification and Anticipated Cost (TJAC) (PDF - for Med Center only) form enables Med Center employees to take advantage of their educational benefits.
Guide to Performance Management (PDF) provides supervisors, work leaders and managers with useful information and step-by-step guidelines to performance management, including performance appraisal and employee development.
The self-study library includes CD-ROMs and videos.
Individual Development Plans help you to organize and target your professional and personal development.
Web tutorials for UCSD-specific procedures: Go to the UC Learning Center and use the Advanced Search to find Learning Activities with the "e-learning" delivery method.
Skillsoft e-learning, also available from within the UC Learning Center.
UCSD Libraries offer books, journals, slides, Library Express, and web, database and other resources.
Wellness at Lunch Lecture Series (formerly Learn at Lunch) - watch or listen to an episode of interest to you on personal and professional well-being.
Management Skills Assessment Program (MSAP) is a universitywide management development program designed to assess and improve on-the-job performance and to enhance competitiveness for management positions. Employees who are eligible may participate either as assessees or assessors. Watch for the Campus Notice for the availability of this program.
New Employee Orientation provides an overview of UCSD and the UC system via presentations from campus departments. New employees are invited to the program.
Sharecase, offered in spring, showcases ways in which technology can help solve administrative challenges.
Staff Professional Development Program is a professional and personal development program for campus staff members.
For more information, contact Staff Education and Development, (858) 534-4890.
Notice: This is a summary of campus business services. In case of conflict in interpretation, the actual policies apply.