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HomeAbout GSPSOur Executive Team
In photo left to right - Chief Administrative Officer Sharon Baiden, Deputy Chief Sara Cunningham and Chief Paul Pedersen
A Message from Chief Paul Pedersen
As your Chief of Police, I am so honoured and proud to lead this organization within this community. The City of Greater Sudbury has become home to me and my family. Coming from York Regional Police after 35 plus years in the policing profession, I can honestly say that policing in Northern Ontario is very unique. Where we police is where we call home. We live here, our children grow up here and for many of our members this has always been home. That means we are completely invested in the safety, security and wellness of this community.
As a Police Service we are committed to transparency and continued engagement across the diverse communities we serve – we are your police. We aim to build sustainable, diverse and inclusive networks and partnerships with agencies, organizations and community groups to embrace community input through community engagement.
The Our Shared Commitment to Community Safety and Well-being model emphasizes the importance of not only community engagement, but the importance of innovation and collaborative partnerships while ensuring a survivor-focused approach in everything that we do.
Through our current Strategic Direction, we will focus our efforts on Our Members and Our Inclusive Workplace, Public Trust and Accountability, Collaborative Community Safety and Well-being for Greater Sudbury, and Policing with Excellence and Professionalism.
Thank you for your ongoing support.
Our Deputy Chief Sara Cunningham
Deputy Chief Sara Cunningham joined the Greater Sudbury Police Service in 1998 and throughout her 24-year career has served in variety of investigative and operational roles. Prior to her appointment to Deputy Chief, she was the Executive Officer to the Chief of Police and Inspector in charge of Strategic Operations overseeing the Professional Standards Bureau/Quality Assurance, Special Investigations Unit Liaison, Risk Management, Corporate Event Planning, Project Management, Equity/Inclusion and Diversity, Indigenous Liaison, , Procedure Writing, Research and Development and Analytics.
Currently, Deputy Cunningham is responsible for the operational areas of policing as well as the 9-1-1 Emergency Communications Centre. She is committed to building on GSPS's strong foundation of being an innovative police leader by embracing technology, leveraging data and analytics and intelligence-based policing while empowering and supporting its members.
Deputy Cunningham is dedicated to community service and enhancing community partnerships by continuing to work collaboratively with key stakeholder groups. In the past year she was a key driver in developing and launching Sudbury's highly successful Mobile Crisis Rapid Response Team. She is passionate about professionalism, teamwork, and relationship building.
Deputy Cunningham holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Laurentian University and is a graduate of the University of Toronto Rotman School of Management Police Leadership Program. She is the recipient of the Governor General Exemplary Service 20-year medal. She is a member of the Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police, the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police and Ontario Women in Law Enforcement.
Our Chief Administrative Officer Sharon Baiden
Sharon Baiden has been the Chief Administrative Officer with the Greater Sudbury Police Service since April 1995. A graduate of Queens University, she is also a Registered Nurse holding a Baccalaureate Degree in Nursing Science. She is qualified as a Certified Human Resources Professional and has been granted the Certified Municipal Manager Police Executive designation. Prior to joining the Police Service, Sharon was the Executive Director of VON Sudbury for 10 years and previously worked as a Health Care Officer at Kingston Penitentiary.
In addition to her professional work, Sharon is actively involved in the community having served as the founding co-chair of the Luncheon of Hope event in support of breast cancer awareness. In 2006, she joined many colleagues in "Shave for the Record" as a participant shaving her head support of the fight against cancer. She has been on many boards including Cambrian College Foundation, Sudbury Theatre Centre, Bereavement Foundation, St. Joseph's Villa Foundation and the Independent Centre and Network. She chaired the Games Organizing Committee for the 2011 Special Olympics Ontario Provincial Floor Hockey Championships and the 2009 Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police Annual Meeting and Conference. She is also a former member of the United Way Centraide Campaign Cabinet. In 2012, she participated in "Dancing with the Stars", a fundraiser in support of Easter Seals.
Sharon is a member of the Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police, International Association of Chiefs of Police, Canadian Federation of University Women, Human Resources Professionals Association, College of Nurses of Ontario, and Ontario Municipal Management Institute.
Sharon was welcomed into the Special Olympics Hall of Fame in October 2011 and was recognized by the YWCA as a Woman of Distinction in May 2011. She is a proud recipient of a Queen's Diamond Jubilee Medal and in May 2013 was inducted into the Order of Merit of the Police Forces.
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The First Burger King Vegan Whopper Comes to Mexico
Burger King's vegan Whopper has launched in Mexico. Called the Whopper Vegetal—which translates to Vegetable Whopper—it is the first plant-based burger available on the menu in the country.
According to the fast-food chain, the plant-based burger features "all the flavor and texture of the classic Whopper®." The soy-based burger features a number of plant-based ingredients, including wheat, vegetable oil, and herbs. It is available in 201 locations across Mexico.
The vegan Whopper contains 30 percent fewer calories and 40 percent less fat compared to Burger King's animal-based Whopper. The plant-based version also contains zero percent cholesterol.
The meatless burger features freshly cut lettuce, fresh tomatoes, pickles, and sliced onions. Although the company's website doesn't mention it, it does appear that the burger contains conventional mayonnaise, similar to the animal-based burger.
The Vegetarian Butcher is the mastermind behind the Vegetable Whopper. Multinational consumer goods company Unilever acquired the plant-based meat brand in 2018.
Adelma González, General Director of Unilever Food Solutions Mexico and North of Latin America, expressed the company's excitement at partnering with Burger King.
"At Unilever, we are very excited to expand our partnership with Burger King. The Whopper Vegetal offers meat lovers a delicious option that is cooked and tastes like beef, but is 100 percent plant-based," González said in a press release.
The company developed the vegan patty "specifically with flexitarians in mind."
"Research shows that, in the last six years, the number of people looking for an alternative to animal meat has almost doubled in Mexico," González continued. "We are bringing in The Vegetarian Butcher to meet this growing demand with history, performance, and flavor."
Burger King's Vegan Options
Burger King Mexico isn't the first to get vegan options.
In April 2019, Burger King locations in the U.S. launched the Impossible Whopper. It features a plant-based patty made by Impossible Foods. The same month the plant-based burger was introduced, the fast-food chain saw its sales spike by 28 percent.
Earlier this year, Burger Kings across the country trailed The Impossible Croissan'wich. The breakfast sandwich featured an Impossible sausage patty, eggs, and cheese on a croissant.
In January, Burger King launched the plant-based "Rebel Whopper" in the UK. And in September, Burger King Germany added vegan chicken nuggets developed by The Vegetarian Butcher to the menu which The Vegetarian Butcher.
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Silk's New Dairy-Free Milk, Natalie Portman's Favorite Meatless Bacon and More Vegan Food News of the Week January 21, 2022
I Want Kids. I Want to Help the Planet. Can I Do Both? January 21, 2022
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ROMANIA'S CENTER GOVERNMENT FALLS, FASCISTS IN?
On this date in 1937 Romania's last free elections (until 1990) ended in the ouster of the middle-of-the road National Liberal government. The Liberals, who remained the largest party in parliament, were unable to form a coalition government with the next two runner-up parties. A week later King Carol II named the leader of the far-right National Christian Party—the anti-Semitic politician, poet, and playwright Octavian Goga—to head a new government, despite Goga's party coming in fourth with 9.3 percent of the popular vote.
Prime Minister Goga immediately embarked on a program to establish a personal dictatorship. Goga's regime instituted a paramilitary wing of fascist character, the Lancieri (Lance-bearers). The Lancieri borrowed heavily from a popular ultranationalist, anti-communist, anti-Semitic competing group, the Iron Guard, also known as the Legionnaire movement (1930–1941), which Goga attempted to outflank and which was also involved in violence against Romania's 800,000 Jews who lived mostly in the north of the country, where they formed the third largest community of Jews in Europe.
The week before Goga proposed collecting all Jews and relocating them to an "uninhabited" region, the further away the better, where they could found their own nation. Many of Goga's countrymen felt the same way, for in that same year, 1938, anti-Jewish riots swept across Romania. When Goga suffered a stroke and died in early May 1938, his body lay in state in Bucharest's Palace Athenaeum. Those mourning his passing included Germany's head of state, Adolf Hitler, who sent a floral tribute to adorn Goga's glass-top casket. Within 2‑1/2 years Romania was firmly in Hitler's orbit. Of all his allies, Romania was responsible for the deaths of more Jews than any country other than Germany itself.
Left: Sephardic Temple in Bucharest after it was robbed and set on fire during a revolt of the paramilitary Iron Guard between January 21 and 23, 1941. Prime Minister Gen. Ion Antonescu had invited the Iron Guard, as a powerful political, long-persecuted movement, to join his cabinet the previous September even as he worked to curb their influence. It was an uneasy alliance for that reason and because many Iron Guard followers were vengeful toward anyone associated with the regime. On January 21, 1941, the Iron Guard launched a rebellion (Legionary Rebellion) to overthrow Antonescu and seize control of the country. After three days of brutal street fighting, the Romanian Army was able to crush the putschists, but only after their rebellion had erupted into a vicious pogrom against Jews. Antonescu banned the Iron Cross movement and imprisoned 9,000 of its members.
Left: Jewish stores destroyed, Bucharest, Romania, January 23, 1941. For three and a half days, the capital's Jewish districts were at the mercy of mobs encouraged by state media controlled by the Legionnaires. Even soldiers were attacked. During this time several thousand Jews were dragged out of their homes and arrested on the streets or in synagogues where they had sought refuge. Among them were lay leaders of the Jewish community, rabbis, personnel from synagogues and Jewish community offices, as well as Jewish journalists, writers, doctors, and engineers. They were taken to previously established destinations such as the Legionary Headquarters, police precincts, and even to designated synagogues, where they were subjected to torture or murder or both. Many were driven to the Jilava forest and shot.
Right: A Jewish doctor's office wrecked in the Bucharest pogrom, January 23, 1941.
Left: Bodies of Jewish people are laid out at the Jewish Legal Institute, Bucharest, Romania. After the pogrom, by January 27, 1941, workers of the Jewish community offices had identified 121 of the dead; however, 400 were still missing. In many instances, Legionnaires had mutilated the victims and stripped them of their clothes.
Right: People wounded in the pogrom lie in a Bucharest street, January 23, 1941. At dawn that day a truck from the Podsudeck sausage factory was loaded with 15 Jews who had been held under police arrest. They were driven to the municipal slaughterhouse at Baneasa and murdered with 100 other Jews who were captive there. Some had the word "kosher" marked on their corpses. While this carnage took place inside the slaughterhouse, a large number of Legionnaires were outside singing and mocking Jewish psalms and prayers. Another group of Jews was taken to a farm in Bucharest's Straulesti district, where they were shot.


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Cambridge University moves all lectures online until summer 2021
Cambridge University has announced plans all lesson will be taught online for the next academic year. Picture: PA
By Ewan Somerville
@ewansomerville
Cambridge University has become the first UK institution to announce it is moving all lectures online until summer 2021.
The university said, "given that it is likely that social distancing will continue to be required, the University has decided there will be no face-to-face lectures during the next academic year."
Tutors have been told that lectures will be held virtually, including live-streams. However, the institution still plans to hold seminars, workshops and small group-based learning in person with "strict social distancing" in force.
Read more: Trump claims US topping world number of virus cases is 'badge of honour'
A Cambridge spokesman told LBC News: "The University is constantly adapting to changing advice as it emerges during this pandemic. Given that it is likely that social distancing will continue to be required, the University has decided there will be no face-to-face lectures during the next academic year.
Read more: Boris Johnson rejects Opposition calls to drop 'cruel' Health Immigration Surcharge
A spokesperson for the University said plans are being formulated to make sure lessons are "of the best possible quality". Picture: PA
"Lectures will continue to be made available online and it may be possible to host smaller teaching groups in person, as long as this conforms to social distancing requirements.
"This decision has been taken now to facilitate planning, but as ever, will be reviewed should there be changes to official advice on coronavirus."
Read more: Cambridge University 'bowing to virus' by going online, says former WHO chief
Read more: Doctors' union changes stance on schools reopening
Alice Benton, the university's head of education services, told student news paper Varsity plans are currently being formulated to ensure the virtual lectures "will be of the best possible quality".
Cambridge is the first to take such a radical step, but the University of Manchester announced last week that it was conducting all lectures online during the autumn term.
The Russell Group institution took the move amid "real uncertainty" over when social distancing will end and said the lecture theatre "does not easily support spatial separation", but added it hopes to run some face-to-face learning for small groups.
It comes after the regulator told universities to inform applicants whether or not they could expect face-to-face teaching next year in advance of them accepting offers.
The Office for Students said bosses must give students "absolute clarity" and not offer false hopes of a "campus experience".
Most campuses have been shut since April with classes and exams moved online.
There is growing uncertainty across the sector over how they will operate next year, with institutions already facing huge financial losses from an expected fall in overseas students studying in the UK this autumn.
It is likely to prompt questions over tuition fees, with home students paying £9,250 a year and international students paying up to three times that.
Michelle Donelan, the universities minister, has said institutions can charge the full fee as long as online learning is "quality".
But some students have expressed concerns they won't be getting their money's worth if all the teaching is done online.
Alex Jones, a second year Cambridge natural sciences student, told LBC News: "Being in a contact-heavy course, there isn't really a substitute for teaching that we get in the lab.
"Already this term we've had half the number of contact hours we were originally scheduled to have, and 10 weeks of fieldwork we were due to have were cancelled.
"If the same thing happens next year it's hard to see how it's worth £9250 when we'll be getting a lot less teaching."
Other British universities, which have been closely watching Government guidance while hesitant to be the first to act, could now follow suit.
See more UK News
See more World News


Science Fiction Story: Crane didn't get the nice man's name--until it was far too late to do anything at all about it.
Jack Crane lay all morning in the vacant lot. Now and then he moved a little to quiet the protest of cramped muscles and stagnant blood, but most of the time he was as motionless as the heap of rags he resembled.
Not once did he hear or see a Bohas agent, or, for that matter, anyone.
The predawn darkness had hidden his panting flight from the transie jungle, his dodging across backyards while whistles shrilled and voices shouted, and his crawling on hands and knees down an alley into the high grass and bushes which fringed a hidden garden.
For a while his heart had knocked so loudly that he had been sure he would not be able to hear his pursuers if they did get close. It seemed inevitable that they would track him down. A buddy had told him that a new camp had just been built at a place only three hours drive away from the town. This meant that Bohas would be thick as hornets in the neighborhood. But no black uniforms had so far appeared. And then, lying there while the passionate and untiring sun mounted the sky, the bang-bang of his heart was replaced by a noiseless but painful movement in his stomach.
He munched a candy bar and two dried rolls which a housewife had given him the evening before. The tiger in his belly quit pacing back and forth; it crouched and licked its chops, but its tail was stuck up in his throat. Jack could feel the dry fur swabbing his pharynx and mouth.
He suffered, but he was used to that. Night would come as surely as anything did. He'd get a drink then to quench his thirst.
Boredom began to sit on his eyelids. Just as he was about to accept some much needed sleep, he moved a leaf with an accidental jerk of his hand and uncovered a caterpillar. It was dark except for a row of yellow spots along the central line of some of its segments. As soon as it was exposed, it began slowly shimmying away. Before it had gone two feet, it was crossed by a moving shadow. Guiding the shadow was a black wasp with an orange ring around the abdomen. It closed the gap between itself and the worm with a swift, smooth movement and straddled the dark body.
Before the wasp could grasp the thick neck with its mandibles, the intended victim began rapidly rolling and unrolling and flinging itself from side to side. For a minute the delicate dancer above it could not succeed in clenching the neck. Its sharp jaws slid off the frenziedly jerking skin until the tiring creature paused for the chip of a second.
Seizing opportunity and larva at the same time, the wasp stood high on its legs and pulled the worm's front end from the ground, exposing the yellowed band of the underpart. The attacker's abdomen curved beneath its own body; the stinger jabbed between two segments of the prey's jointed length. Instantly, the writhing stilled. A shudder, and the caterpillar became as inert as if it were dead.
He stopped thinking. His heart again took up the rib-thudding. Out of the corner of his left eye he had seen a shadow that fell across the garden. When he slowly turned his head to follow the stain upon the sun-splashed soil, he saw that it clung to a pair of shining black boots.
Jack did not say anything. What was the use? He put his hands against the weeds and pushed his body up. He looked into the silent mouth of a .38 automatic. It told him his running days were over. You didn't talk back to a mouth like that.
Jack was lucky. As one of the last to be herded into the truck, which had been once used for hauling cattle, he had more room to breathe than most of the others. He faced the rear bars. The vehicle was heading into the sun. Its rays were not as hard on him as on some of those who were so jam-packed they could not turn to get the hot yellow splotch out of their eyes.
He looked through lowered lids at the youths on either side of him. For the last three days in the transie jungle, the one standing on his left had given signs of what was coming upon him, what had come upon so many of the transies. The muttering, the indifference to food, not hearing you when you talked to him. And now the shock of being caught in the raid had speeded up what everybody had foreseen. He was hardened, like a concrete statue, into a half-crouch. His arms were held in front of him like a praying mantis', and his hands clutched a bar. Not even the pressure of the crowd could break his posture.
As there was no reply, Jack decided he had not moved his lips enough to be heard clearly. Lately, even when it was quiet, people seemed to have trouble making out what he was saying. It made him mildly angry.
He shouted. It did not matter if he were overheard. That any of the prisoners were agents of the Bureau of Health and Sanity didn't seem likely. Anyway, he didn't care. They wouldn't do anything to him they hadn't planned before this.
Jack looked the speaker over. Like all those in the truck, he wore a frayed shirt, a stained and torn coat, and greasy, dirty trousers. The black bristles on his face were long; the back of his neck was covered by thick curls. The brim of his dusty hat was pulled down low. Beneath its shadow his eyes roamed from side to side with the same fear that Jack knew was in his own eyes.
Hunger and sleepless nights had knobbed his cheekbones and honed his chin to a sharp point. An almost visible air clung to him, a hot aura that seemed to result from veins full of lava and eyeballs spilling out a heat that could not be held within him. He had the face every transie had, the face of a man who was either burning with fever or who had seen a vision.
Jack looked away to stare miserably at the dust boiling up behind the wheels, as if he could see projected against its yellow-brown screen his retreating past.
His friend shrugged and looked uneasily from the corners of his eyes. He was probably expecting the question they all asked sooner or later: _Why are you on the road?_ They asked, but none replied with words that meant anything. They lied, and they didn't seem to take any pleasure in their lying. When they asked questions themselves, they knew they wouldn't get the truth. But something forced them to keep on trying anyway.
Jack's buddy evaded also. He said, "I read a magazine article by a Dr.
He licked his lips as if he were tasting the figures and found them bitter.
"I was very interested by Vespa's reply to a mother who had written him," he went on. "Her daughter ended up in a Bohas camp for schizos, and her son had left his wonderful home and brilliant future to become a bum. She wanted to know why. Vespa took six long paragraphs to give six explanations, all equally valid and all advanced by equally distinguished sociologists. He himself favored the mass hysteria theory.
But if you looked at his gobbledegook closely, you could reduce it to one phrase, We don't know.
Gears shifted. The floor slanted. Jack was shoved hard against the rear boards by the weight of the other men. He didn't answer until the pressure had eased and his ribs were free to work for more than mere survival.
"That was probably an ammophila wasp. Sphex urnaria Klug. Lovely, but vicious, little she-demon. Injects the poison from her sting into the caterpillar's central nerve cord. That not only paralyzes but preserves it. The victim is always stowed away with another one in an underground burrow. The wasp attaches one of her eggs to the body of a worm. When the egg hatches, the grub eats both of the worms. They're alive, but they're completely helpless to resist while their guts are gnawed away.
"Did you say you spied on the camp?" Jack interrupted the sonorous, almost chanting flow of Greek and Latin.
The youth was looking straight before him. His face was hard as bone, but his voice trembled.
Jack did not have time to reply. The truck stopped outside a high, barbed wire fence. The gate swung open; the truck bounced down the bumpy dirt road. Jack saw some black-uniformed Bohas seated by heavy machine guns. They halted at another entrance; more barbed wire was passed. Huge Dobermann pinschers looked at the transies with cold, steady eyes. The dust of another section of road swirled up before they squeaked to a standstill and the engine turned off.
This time, agents began to let down the back of the truck. They had to pry the pitiful schizo's fingers loose from the wood with a crow-bar and carry him off, still in his half-crouch.
A sergeant boomed orders. Stiff and stumbling, the transies jumped off the truck. They were swiftly lined up into squads and marched into the enclosure and from there into a huge black barracks. Within an hour each man was stripped, had his head shaven, was showered, given a grey uniform, and handed a tin plate and spoon and cup filled with beans and bread and hot coffee.
Afterwards, Jack wandered around, free to look at the sandy soil underfoot and barbed wire and the black uniforms of the sentries, and free to ask himself where, where, wherewherewhere? Twelve years ago it had been, but where, where, where, was... ?
"Yes, Daddy," Jack said before his father mentioned his visitor's name.
But he was not Jack Crane in his game; he was Uncas. The big chairs and the divan were trees in his imaginative eyes. The huge easy chair in which Daddy's caller (Jack thought of him only as "Mister") sat was a fallen log. He, Uncas, meant to hide behind it in ambush.
Mister did not bother him. He had smiled and said in a shrill voice that he thought Jack was a very nice boy. He wore a light grey-green Palm Beach suit and carried a big brown leather briefcase that looked too heavy for his soda straw-thin legs and arms. He was queer-looking because his waist was so narrow and his back so humped. And when he took off his tan Panama hat, a white fuzz exploded from his scalp. His face was pale as the moon in daylight. His broad smile showed teeth that Jack knew were false.
But the queerest thing about him was his thick spectacles, so heavily tinted with rose that Jack could not see the eyes behind them. The afternoon light seemed to bounce off the lenses in such a manner that no matter what angle you looked at them, you could not pierce them. And they curved to hide the sides of his eyes completely.
Mister had explained that he was an albino, and he needed the glasses to dim the glare on his eyes. Jack stopped being Uncas for a minute to listen. He had never seen an albino before, and, indeed, he did not know what one was.
Jack blinked. He nodded his head. The opaque rose lenses set in Mister's face seemed to open a door into his naked grey skull.
Jack stared at the impenetrable lenses and nodded dumbly.
"Personally, I think that some day man will realize just what he is searching for and will invent a machine that will enable the child to project, just as a film throws an image on a screen, the visions in his psyche.
"Elementary and full of gaps," said Jack's father.
"Pardon me," said Mister. "A bare outline should be enough. You'll be able to fill in the details. Very well. This specterscope breaks up the light going into the eye in such a manner that the rods and cones receive only a certain wavelength. I can't tell you what it is, except that it's in the visual red. The scope also concentrates like a burning-glass and magnifies the power of the light.
"Result? A hitherto-undiscovered chemical in the visual purple of the rods is activated and stimulates the optic nerve in a way we had not guessed possible. An electrochemical stimulus then irritates the subconscious until it fully wakes up.
"Let me put it this way. The subconscious is not a matter of location but of organization. There are billions of possible connections between the neurons of the cortex. Look at those potentialities as so many cards in the same pack. Shuffle the cards one way and you have the common workaday cogito, ergo sum mind. Reshuffle them, and, bingo! you have the combination of neurons, or cards, of the unconscious. The specterscope does the redealing. When the subject gazes through it, he sees for the first time the full impact and result of his underground mind's workings in other perspectives than dreams or symbolical behavior. The subjective Garden of Eden is resurrected. It is my contention that this specterscope will some day be available to all children.
"When that happens, Mr. Crane, you will understand that the world will profit from man's secret wishes. Earth will be a far better place.
"Perhaps," said the salesman. "But I think you have a very unusual child here. He will go much farther than you may think. Why? Because he is sensitive and has an imagination that only needs the proper guidance.
Mister shrilled. "Actually, I have an advantage. I have a Ph.D. in psychology. I would prefer staying at home for laboratory work, but since I can help my starving children--I am not joking--so much more by coming to a foreign land and working at something that will put food in their mouths, I do it. I can't stand to see my little ones go hungry.
"In a way," said Mister. "My name, translated, means gracious or kindly or well-meaning." His voice became brisker. "The translation is apropos.
Jack shook himself and stepped out of the mold of fascination that Mister's glasses seemed to have poured around him. Uncas again, he crawled on all fours from chair to divan to stool to the fallen log which the adults thought was an easy chair. He stuck his head from behind it and sighted along the broomstick-musket at his father. He'd shoot that white man dead and then take his scalp. He giggled at that, because his father really didn't have any hairlock to take.
At that moment Mister decided to take off his specs and polish them with his breast-pocket handkerchief. While he answered one of Mr. Crane's questions, he let them dangle from his fingers. Accidentally, the lenses were level with Jack's gaze. One careless glance was enough to jerk his eyes back to them. One glance stunned him so that he could not at once understand that what he was seeing was not reality.
There was his father across the room. But it wasn't a room. It was a space outdoors under the low branch of a tree whose trunk was so big it was as wide as the wall had been. Nor was the Persian rug there. It was replaced by a close-cropped bright green grass. Here and there foot-high flowers with bright yellow petals tipped in scarlet swayed beneath an internal wind. Close to Mr. Crane's feet a white horse no larger than a fox terrier bit off the flaming end of a plant.


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Retirements and a relatively strong economy have increased B.C.'s net migration from other provinces in recent years
Immigration decline slows B.C. population growth
B.C.'s population reached 4.7 million in October, but the rate of international immigration has dipped below one per cent
Dec. 24, 2015 7:00 a.m.
B.C.'s population reached 4.7 million by Oct. 1, a gain of less than one per cent from the same time last year.
The province's population growth rate was down to 0.8 per cent by the third quarter of 2015, Central 1 Credit Union reports in its latest B.C. Economic Briefing. Net international migration was the main reason for the slowdown, with 11,100 international arrivals during what is usually the highest period of the year for immigration gains.
Within Canada, interprovincial migration climbed to nearly 5,000 in the third quarter of 2015, as people returned home to a relatively buoyant B.C. economy from provinces hit by slumping oil prices, notably Alberta, Saskatchewan and Newfoundland.
While permanent international resident arrivals were slower, international tourism demand climbed to more than 400,000 people by October, due mainly to U.S. visitors taking advantage of a lower Canadian dollar.
UNBC student will run for Cariboo-Prince George Green Party in federal election
Mackenzie Kerr says she is 'deeply committed' to climate action
Construction begins on 32-unit supportive housing project in Quesnel
Construction of the three-storey building is expected to be completed by July 2020


This contemporary renovation of a 1970s dwelling has enabled the current occupants to enjoy impressive views of the surrounding Kent landscape. The original aesthetic of the architect-designed dwelling was inspired by destinations the previous owner had visited around the world. Laid out around a spacious central courtyard, only a single storey of the house is seen from the road. However, upon closer inspection the structure rises up another two levels at the rear, unlocking graceful, scenic views of the coastline behind.


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Research ArticleBIOCHEMISTRY AND ENZYMOLOGY
Influence of Precursor Availability on Alkaloid Accumulation by Transgenic Cell Line of Catharanthus roseus
Serap Whitmer, Camilo Canel, Didier Hallard, Cecilia Gonçalves, Robert Verpoorte
Serap Whitmer
Camilo Canel
Didier Hallard
Cecilia Gonçalves
Robert Verpoorte
Published February 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.116.2.853
Copyright © 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists
We have used a transgenic cell line of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don to study the relative importance of the supply of biosynthetic precursors for the synthesis of terpenoid indole alkaloids. Line S10 carries a recombinant, constitutively overexpressed version of the endogenous strictosidine synthase (Str) gene. Various concentrations and combinations of the substrate tryptamine and of loganin, the immediate precursor of secologanin, were added to suspension cultures of S10. Our results indicate that high rates of tryptamine synthesis can take place under conditions of low tryptophan decarboxylase activity, and that high rates of strictosidine synthesis are possible in the presence of a small tryptamine pool. It appears that the utilization of tryptamine for alkaloid biosynthesis enhances metabolic flux through the indole pathway. However, a deficiency in the supply of either the iridoid or the indole precursor can limit flux through the step catalyzed by strictosidine synthase. Precursor utilization for the synthesis of strictosidine depends on the availability of the cosubstrate; the relative abundance of these precursors is a cell-line-specific trait that reflects the metabolic status of the cultures.
The tropical plant Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (Apocynaceae) produces TIAs of high medicinal and economic value, such as ajmalicine, catharanthine, vindoline, and the bisindoles vinblastine and vincristine. Cell cultures of C. roseus have long been considered to be sources of medicinally important TIAs, but have suffered from their characteristically low productivity (Verpoorte et al., 1993). The optimization of medium composition, including the supply of biosynthetic precursors, and genetic engineering are among the various strategies that have been followed to increase alkaloid production in vitro. The precursors for the synthesis of TIAs are obtained from the shikimate and mevalonate pathways, which supply the indole tryptamine and the iridoid secologanin, respectively (Fig. 1). Tryptamine is synthesized from Trp, a step catalyzed by TDC, whereas secologanin is obtained from loganin, which is derived from the monoterpenoid geraniol. The first committed step in the biosynthesis of TIAs is the condensation of secologanin and tryptamine, catalyzed by STR, which results in the formation of strictosidine, the universal precursor of TIAs.
Biosynthesis of strictosidine in C. roseus.
There are numerous reports of experiments in which precursors have been added to cell cultures of C. roseus. The reported effects of feeding various indole and terpenoid building blocks are largely inconsistent. Exogenous Trp has been reported to increase tryptamine content without affecting TIA production (Mérillon et al., 1986; Facchini and Di Cosmo, 1991); it has also been reported to cause a nearly 3-fold increase in alkaloid production in one cell line, and to reduce production in a daughter line (Zenk et al., 1977). Exogenous Trp and tryptamine negatively affected alkaloid accumulation in one study (Döller et al., 1976), whereas tryptamine had a stimulating effect in another (Krueger and Carew, 1978). Exogenous secologanin has also been shown both to have no effect on and to enhance alkaloid production (Zenk et al., 1977; Krueger and Carew, 1978; Facchini and Di Cosmo, 1991; Moreno et al., 1993). These apparently contradictory results underscore the difficulties associated with the study of a complex metabolic pathway.
We report a series of experiments designed to study the effect of feeding precursors under conditions of high-STR activity and iridoid availability. We have used cell line S10 of C. roseus, an experimental system in which flux through the crucial metabolic step of strictosidine synthesis is always unimpeded. The patterns of alkaloid accumulation and enzymatic activities of S10 are well characterized; S10 is a transgenic line that constitutively expresses theStr gene at high levels, resulting in high STR activity and the accumulation of large quantities of TIAs, including ajmalicine, catharanthine, serpentine, and tabersonine (Canel et al., 1998). We have thus been able to assess the relative importance of the two pathways that converge at the STR-catalyzed step and the influence of TDC activity on TIA production.
Culture Media and Components
MS58 (per liter) consisted of: Murashige and Skoog salts (Murashige and Skoog, 1962), 0.1 g of myo-inositol, 0.4 mg of thiamine, 2 mg of NAA, 0.2 mg of kinetin, and 30 g of Suc; and PM consisted of: Murashige and Skoog salts devoid of phosphate and nitrate, 0.1 g of myo-inositol, 0.4 mg of thiamine, and 80 g of Suc. Suc was purchased from Duchefa (Haarlem, The Netherlands); salts, vitamins, and hormones from Merck; loganin from Extrasynthese (Genay, France); and tryptamine-HCl from Aldrich. Secologanin with a purity of 96% was obtained from crude acetone extracts of berries of Symphoricarpus sp. by elution from a silica column (Kieselgel 60, Merck) with acetone:ethyl acetate (Stevens, 1994).
Cell Lines and Culture Conditions
The transgenic cell line S10 was generated byAgrobacterium-mediated transformation of leaves ofCatharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, var Morning Mist (Blokker, The Netherlands), as described previously (Canel et al., 1998). The line carries a T-DNA constructed in binary vector pMOG22 (Mogen, Leiden, The Netherlands), which confers resistance to the antibiotic hygromycin, and contains a gus reporter gene and a recombinant version of the endogenous Str gene (accession no. X61932) under the control of the strong constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Line S10 was maintained in medium MS58 containing 50 mg/L hygromycin B for 4 months after its initiation from transgenic callus in July 1995, and has since been grown in antibiotic-free MS58. Wild-type line CRPM was established from seeds ofC. roseus in 1983. Lines were maintained by periodic subculture (every 7–10 d) into 250-mL wide-mouthed Erlenmeyer flasks fitted with silicon foam stoppers (Shin Etsu, Tokyo, Japan) containing 50 mL of liquid medium in a 1:2 to 1:4 ratio. Cultures were placed on gyratory shakers (110–120 rotations per min) at 25 ± 1°C, in continuous light (2000–3600 lux). To generate sufficient biomass for inoculation of a large number of flasks, cell cultures were sequentially scaled up to 0.5- and 2-L flasks containing 100 and 500 mL of MS58, respectively. Cells in stationary phase (7–10 d old) were inoculated at the rate of 5.0 ± 0.1 g fresh weight per 50 mL of PM in 250-mL flasks. Loganin and tryptamine were added from filter-sterilized 100-mM solutions. Treated and control cultures were harvested in duplicate or triplicate; extraction and analysis were carried out after pooling the replicate samples.
Enzyme Assays
Soluble proteins were extracted from 350 mg of frozen biomass by homogenization in 350 μL of extraction buffer (0.1 m sodium phosphate, pH 7.0, 2 mm EDTA, and 4 mm DTT) in the presence of 17.5 mg of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone. Homogenization was performed in 1.5-mL microfuge tubes using hand-held plastic micropestles (Van Oostermerssen, Rijswijk, The Netherlands). A clear supernatant containing the enzymes of interest was obtained by centrifugation of the homogenate at 16,000g at 4°C for 30 min. Protein concentration was determined using the protein-staining reagent and 3550-UV Microplate Reader (Bio-Rad) and BSA as the standard. The procedures to assay the activities of STR and TDC have been described (Pennings et al., 1987, 1989).
Detection of Alkaloids and Precursors
Tryptamine was extracted from 50 mg of freeze-dried biomass using 5 mL of dichloromethane (Schripsema and Verpoorte, 1992) and detected by HPLC (Van der Heijden et al., 1987). Secologanin was extracted from 100 mg of freeze-dried biomass by incubation in 2 mL of boiling water for 2 min. Secologanin was quantified as strictosidine by HPLC (Pennings et al., 1989), after in vitro conversion in 100 μL of 0.1 mm sodium phosphate, pH 6.8, containing >15 pkat STR, 1 mm tryptamine, 1 mm EDTA, and 3 mm DTT at 30°C for 30 min (D. Hallard and R. Van der Heijden, unpublished data). For extraction of TIAs, 100 mg of freeze-dried biomass was homogenized in 15 mL of absolute ethanol. After centrifugation at 3,500g for 30 min, 10 mL of the extract was dried under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 1 mL of 1 m H3PO4. Following centrifugation of the acidic alkaloid solution at 16,000g for 5 min, 50 μL of the supernatant was analyzed by HPLC. The identity of the analytes was established by photodiode-array detection of their UV spectra (Van der Heijden et al., 1987).
Control cultures of S10 showed the patterns of enzymatic activity and alkaloid accumulation that are characteristic of this highly productive line. TDC activity was induced upon inoculation into PM, reaching maxima between d 3 and 5, and decreased to basal levels for the rest of the culture period. STR activity was always very high (>500 pkat/mg of soluble protein), ranging from 10 to 50 times the level found in wild-type cultures. Inoculation into PM was followed by a short lag period of about 3 d, during which the relatively high amount of TIAs already present in the inoculum increased only slightly. The rate of accumulation then increased until reaching a plateau around d 12. Tryptamine content was highest during the first few days of the production phase; it decreased rapidly as TIAs began to accumulate, and increased slightly at the end of the production period, when the rate of TIA accumulation decreased. The addition of precursors did not affect the growth of the cell cultures, as determined by measuring the amount of biomass obtained at the end of the test period. Control cultures reached 18.5 ± 3.5 g dry weight L−1 (n = 6), whereas treated cultures reached 18.6 ± 3.1 g/L (n = 19); the dry weight to fresh weight ratio was always in the range of 0.11 to 0.13. Loganin was chosen over secologanin because the latter is inefficiently utilized for strictosidine synthesis when added to the medium. Exogenous secologanin appears to be compartmentalized differently from endogenous secologanin, including that synthesized from exogenous loganin; in contrast, exogenous loganin is used in toto byC. roseus (Naudascher et al., 1989a, 1989b).
The first experiment consisted of feeding 500 μm loganin to a set of cultures either at the time of inoculation (d 0) with harvesting on d 3, or on d 11 with harvesting on d 14. Nonfed control cultures were harvested on d 3, 11, and 14. Exogenous loganin had a depleting effect on tryptamine content, which was equally dramatic on either of the two feeding dates, and was accompanied by a 2- to 4-fold increase in TIA content in the treated cells (TableI). The steady-state level of tryptamine was a small fraction, in molar equivalents, of the amount by which alkaloid content increased. From d 0 to 3, treated cells accumulated 126 μmol/L TIAs, whereas the alkaloid content of the control cultures increased only slightly; the difference in tryptamine content between the two sets of cultures at the end of that period was 6.8 μmol/L. More strikingly, in the 3-d period between d 11 and 14, during which low levels of tryptamine prevail, cells fed loganin on d 11 produced 140 μmol/L TIAs more than control cells, whereas the difference between their tryptamine content was only 5.0 μmol/L. Iridoids did not accumulate in any of the cultures.
Table I.
Effect of feeding loganin on tryptamine and TIA content of cultured C. roseus cells
For the second experiment, we used cell cultures of S10 showing a reduced capacity to synthesize tryptamine. We have observed a significant correlation between culture browning and low tryptamine biosynthetic capacity during the course of experiments not related to precursor feeding. Nine out of 12 independently initiated cultures harvested at the onset of browning had a tryptamine content no greater than 1.5 μmol/L (mean = 1.6 ± 2.2 μmol/L), compared with a content of 6.8 ± 1.3 μmol/L measured in healthy cultures. Culture browning results from the oxidation of phenolic compounds. Browning is commonly associated with increased flux through branches of the shikimate pathway, leading to the synthesis of phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids, which compete with the indole branch for precursors and consequently impair the ability of the cells to maintain a high rate of tryptamine synthesis. We do not know the reason for the occasional spontaneous browning of the cultures, a phenomenon that is not unique to S10. Nevertheless, culture browning in S10 is valuable for indicating the occurrence of reduced tryptamine biosynthetic capacity, which provides the opportunity to carry out experiments under conditions of low tryptamine availability. The experiment was performed with 27 cultures, which remained healthily colored, out of a total of 51 that were started from the same inoculum. The remaining cultures turned brown shortly after inoculation and were discarded as browning developed. The healthy sister cultures were divided into control and treated groups. The TDC activity of the control cultures followed the normal pattern of induction upon inoculation into PM. The level of tryptamine dropped from 5.1 μmol/L on d 0 to 0.4 μmol/L on d 3. Tryptamine content remained below 1.0 μmol/L thereafter, most notably at the end of the culture period when the calculated rate of increase of TIA content was low (<10 μmol L−1 d−1). The reduced capacity to synthesize tryptamine was most apparent during the 2nd week of culture. Whereas addition of 50, 100, or 500 μm loganin on d 0 increased alkaloid content, it did not have a significant effect when done on d 11 (Fig.2); rather, feeding loganin on d 11 resulted in the accumulation of secologanin. Alkaloid content rose considerably when tryptamine was supplied along with loganin (Fig. 2). Addition of tryptamine alone, however, did not increase TIA content.
Effect of feeding loganin on TIA accumulation under conditions of low tryptamine availability. White bars represent cultures treated on d 0 and sampled on d 3; shaded bars represent cultures treated on d 11 and harvested on d 14. The concentration of exogenously added precursors is expressed in micromoles. L+T indicates that both loganin and tryptamine were added. Triplicate cultures were pooled upon harvesting and analyzed as single samples.
To investigate the influence of TDC activity on alkaloid production, when secologanin supply is not limiting, an experiment was performed in which one set of cultures was kept under conditions of loganin abundance for the entire production period. Two time courses of 14 d were carried out: one with loganin-fed cells and the other without feeding. Beginning on d 0, 200 μm loganin was added daily to a different set of flasks, which was harvested the following day, along with a set of control, nonfed cultures. Alkaloid accumulation was higher in fed cultures at all points during the production test (Fig.3A). Tryptamine content followed the normal pattern, reaching a maximum of 2.4 μmol/L on d 3 in control cultures and of 1.5 μmol/L on d 2 in fed cultures. TDC activity also followed the normal pattern and was very similar in both sets of cultures, indicating that the presence of exogenous loganin did not affect the amount of active enzyme in the cells. The daily increase in alkaloid content showed a downward trend, which paralleled, but was not proportional to, the drop in TDC activity. The difference in alkaloid content between control and fed cultures was rather constant (67.4 ± 9.3 μmol/L), and was not affected by fluctuations in tryptamine content nor by changes in the level of TDC activity (Fig. 3B). Feeding 200 μm tryptamine along with loganin did not significantly increase alkaloid content relative to cultures fed only loganin, whether performed at the beginning (d 2) or near the end (d 10) of the culture period.
Time course of alkaloid production (A) and TDC activity (B) under normal conditions (○) and in the presence of 200 μm exogenous loganin (•). Δ, Daily difference in alkaloid content between treated and control cultures. Duplicate or triplicate cultures were pooled upon harvesting and analyzed as single samples.
Loganin utilization was generally low; only 25 to 35% of the exogenous loganin was converted into alkaloids. Still, loganin feeding was far more effective than secologanin feeding. The capacity to utilize exogenous secologanin (500 μm) was tested in a small number of cultures, which showed an increase in TIA content that was only 10% of that achieved with loganin. Cultures of the wild-type line CRPM were also supplied with precursors. CRPM does not normally accumulate TIAs, but it did utilize exogenous loganin for alkaloid production, even more so when fed tryptamine concurrently. The alkaloid content of CRPM, however, reached levels much lower than in the transgenic line (<40 μmol/L), suggesting that other factors, possibly including the characteristically low STR activity, limit its biosynthetic capacity. The C. roseus cultures did not accumulate tryptamine and secologanin concurrently; no evidence of the existence of separate accumulation sites for these precursors was thus obtained. Alkaloids were never detected in the culture medium.
Thanks to the constitutively elevated levels of STR activity that characterize transgenic line S10, induction of the indole and iridoid pathways can be readily detected in S10 cultures by measuring tryptamine and TIA content, and the level of utilization of exogenous precursors. Induction of tryptamine synthesis takes place very rapidly after transfer to PM, whereas the iridoid pathway takes longer to become fully activated. The rapid utilization of the small tryptamine pool for TIA biosynthesis signals the flux of iridoids through to the strictosidine synthesis step. High rates of TIA accumulation can occur when TDC activity, a measure of the amount of active enzyme present in the cells, and tryptamine availability are low (Table I; Fig. 3). This indicates that the rate of TIA biosynthesis depends on the rapid turnover of tryptamine rather than on its accumulation, and that high levels of TDC are not required for this rapid turnover to occur. Under regular conditions tryptamine accumulation, as well as the rate and degree of TIA accumulation, are all independent of TDC activity; this is also the case when iridoid precursors are abundant (Fig. 3B). Our results are consistent with the lack of correlation between TDC activity and TIA biosynthesis generally found in cell cultures (Knobloch and Berlin, 1983; Mérillon et al., 1986; Eilert et al., 1987; Facchini and Di Cosmo, 1991; Islas et al., 1994). Apparently, factors other than TDC activity, such as the availability of Trp and secologanin, the activity of other tryptamine-utilizing enzymes, and tryptamine transport across the tonoplast, more strongly influence flux through the indole pathway. However, it has been reported that TDC activity in developing seedlings of Cinchona ledgerianaincreases after a large pool of Trp has formed, and falls to undetectable levels once the Trp has been converted into tryptamine (Aerts et al., 1990), suggesting that, unlike in cell cultures, precisely timed changes in the level of TDC activity do play a role in alkaloid biosynthesis in the intact plant.
The utilization of tryptamine for TIA production appears to induce the cells to synthesize more tryptamine. Control cells that were not accumulating large amounts of alkaloids at the end of the production period did not show high tryptamine content, but their capacity to rapidly synthesize tryptamine became apparent upon addition of loganin. Tryptamine has been proposed to feedback inhibit TDC activity (Noé et al., 1984); its utilization may therefore have a de-inhibitory effect. We consistently detected similar levels of TDC activity in cells that were actively synthesizing alkaloids and cells that were not. The possibility that any positive influence that tryptamine utilization may have on flux through the indole pathway affects an earlier step leading to increased Trp availability merits further study.
Our results, particularly those obtained when using the tryptamine-deficient cultures (Fig. 2), show that an abundant supply of both precursors, tryptamine and secologanin, must exist for high rates of strictosidine synthesis to occur. Exogenous loganin increases alkaloid content when tryptamine is not limiting; addition of loganin causes the rapid utilization of tryptamine, at which point addition of tryptamine may have a positive effect. Loganin deficiency is limiting when tryptamine is abundant, and vice versa. This model accounts for the observations reported in the literature, except for the occasional negative effects of Trp and tryptamine on TIA accumulation, and accurately predicts the outcome of our experiments. The relative rate of biosynthesis of tryptamine and secologanin, and therefore also the limitation in the supply of either precursor, are cell-line-specific phenomena. The effect of feeding precursors depends on the metabolic status of the subject cell line, which is a function of a large number of variables that affect the steady-state concentration of a particular metabolite. Cell cultures will thus constitute more useful experimental systems when at least some of those variables can be assigned a value. The influence of the shikimate pathway on TIA biosynthesis will be more fully understood if we are able to manipulate relevant enzymatic activities in a high-STR-activity background, such as found in S10, under conditions of iridoid abundance. A number of genes encoding enzymes of the shikimate pathway are available from other plant species, constituting starting points to further study TIA biosynthesis in C. roseus.
↵1 This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under a grant awarded to C.C. in 1995.
↵2 Present address: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Center, Room 2021, University, MS 38677.
↵* Corresponding author; e-mail CCanel{at}olemiss.edu; fax 1–601–232–1035.
production medium
strictosidine synthase
Trp decarboxylase
terpenoid indole alkaloid
Received June 23, 1997.
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Plant Physiology Feb 1998, 116 (2) 853-857; DOI: 10.1104/pp.116.2.853
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The Cornell Daily Sun (https://cornellsun.com/2016/03/02/wyatt-piazza-16-arrested-for-selling-prescription-drugs/)
Wyatt Piazza '16 Arrested for Selling Prescription Drugs
By Stephanie Yan | March 2, 2016
More on News
Correction appended
Police arrested Wyatt A. Piazza '16 for selling prescription drugs in Collegetown on Monday, according to a statement released by the Cornell University Police Department.
Piazza, a senior in the School of Hotel Administration, is a student executive chef at the Statler Hotel, according to the Statler Hotel website. He participated in the SHA's collaborative degree program with the Culinary Institute of America last semester.
Along with staff member Randy Sims, Piazza won the Statler Hotel's Going the Extra Mile Program in Nov. 2014. He was also a member of Cornell's Delta Tau Delta, according to the fraternity's website, but deactivated from the chapter two years ago.
CUPD and Ithaca Police charged Piazza with criminal sale of a controlled substance in the fourth degree, a Class C felony.
The arrest was made after police announced that they were investigating drug sales in Collegetown, according to the release. Piazza was arraigned in Tompkins County and held in the Tompkins County Jail in lieu of $3,500 cash bail or $7,000 bond.
The Ithaca Police Special Investigations Unit, Tompkins County Sheriff's office and New York State Police Community Narcotics Enforcement Team contributed to the investigation, according to the release.
A previous version of this story identified Wyatt Piazza '16 as a member of Delta Tau Delta. In fact, he deactivated in 2014 and is no longer a brother of the fraternity.
About Stephanie Yan
Stephanie Yan is a staff writer for the news department and was an Assistant News Editor on the 134th Editorial Board. She can be reached at syan@cornellsun.com.
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Sophomore Arraigned for Possession of Cocaine
By Stephanie Yan April 7, 2016
Police took Schwab into custody on Dec. 4, 2015, after finding nearly 20 grams of cocaine in his suite in Hans Bethe House.
Piazza '16 Pled Not Guilty to Drug Sale Charge, Released on Bail, Attorney Says
By Stephanie Yan March 3, 2016
Piazza appeared before Judge John Rowley at the Tompkins County Court, where he entered his plea, Fenchel said. Piazza was then released on a $3,500 bail, according to the attorney.


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Acting on behalf of BlackRock UK Property Fund, GV marketed and sold the long leasehold interest in Cross Green Garth, Central & Link.
The estate comprised nine units totalling 108,178 sq ft and was acquired by Marcol Industrial for £3.81 million which reflected a net initial yield of 7.99%.
From BlackRock's acquisition in 2004, GV acted on their behalf in identifying and implementing a number of asset management strategies including the refurbishment and sub-division of buildings, re-gearing of leases and letting the vacant accommodation. The estate was 100% let at the time of the sale.


Earlier this month, we told you about the velvet microfiber makeup sponge from Juno & Co. There's another powder blue sponge that landed in my hands with its own unique qualities. There are squishy makeup blender sponges and there are silicone makeup blenders. Makeup junkies extol the virtues of each.
The squishy, egg-shaped versions blend and buff to airbrush-like perfection. The silicones waste a minimum of cream product. The Makeup Drop Hybrid sponge is cornflower blue, shaped like a teardrop, is squishy, and features both a spongy and a flat silicone side. The latter is perfect for anti-bacterial application with no waste, since it doesn't soak up product, while the former will allow you to blend, blend, and blend some more. It's like having two tools in one. You will wonder how you ever lived without it.


In today's fast-paced working environment, people in leadership roles are being asked more and more to use a coaching approach to move people and their projects forward. Interestingly, the number one reason managers give for not coaching is that it takes too much time. Let's explore that reasoning.
At The Ken Blanchard Companies, we define coaching as a deliberate process using focused conversations to create an environment that results in accelerated performance and development.
Let me say that again: coaching accelerates performance and development through a deliberate process of focused conversations. It doesn't say how much time coaching should take or where coaching needs to happen. The reality is that coaching can be used on the job, in any conversation—planned or unplanned, long or short.
There is only one requirement. You must first learn, and then intentionally practice, coaching skills so that they become a permanent tool in your toolkit. A good way to begin is by using formal coaching on a regular basis.
Regularly scheduled meetings, such as one-on-ones, are a great opportunity to formally practice coaching skills. Because these meetings are planned, you can be intentional about how you show up. You can even ask the other person to let you know ahead of time what specific development topics they may want to discuss. During the meeting, you can practice getting clear agreement on a specific topic. As you explore the topic, if you recognize that the person you're working with is capable of finding a solution, you could then use the coaching process. At that point you would intentionally avoid being directive and instead would ask open-ended questions to allow the individual to surface options and ideas.
As you continue to identify coachable moments in these formal conversations and to practice using the coaching process, you and the other person will begin to anticipate how conversations will play out. You will get into a rhythm that will really help when the need for informal coaching arises.
The coaching process and skills you use in your formal conversations are equally useful in brief, spontaneous interactions you have with people throughout your day. As with formal coaching, you slow down to get clear agreement on the focus for the conversation. Once that is established, you ask the person what their options and ideas are for moving forward. Again, if you sense the person you're working with can find a solution on their own, avoid being directive and just ask a couple of questions to draw out their own brilliance.
Don't jump in with solutions—instead, encourage the person you're working with to explore their own ideas for how to move forward.
Remember: it's about coaching with the time you have—not about how much time it takes to coach. The small investments of time involved in having focused conversations can often result in high yields.
Coaching also creates an increasing level of self-reliance. Managers who coach provide a win for the organization, a win for the person being coached, and a win for themselves! I think that's a good thing—wouldn't you agree?
Well thanks for letting me know you found it powerful – I sincerely appreciate it!
and poor in people management? our team is suffering due to his lack of leadership skills?
So sorry your team is suffering Vince. If I may – have you tried managing up? Manage up basically means determining what you need most and asking for it? Do you have regular one-on-one meetings with your boss? If not would it be valuable to ask? One-on-one conversations are a great forum for asking for what you need.


This is a regular series featuring friends who have met celebrities.
JR spent eight seasons with the Blackhawks and was very popular in Chicago. After leaving the Hawks, JR played another twelve seasons with four other teams. It even looked like he might return to the Hawks at one point, but unfortunately that did not happen. I think things would have been different under the current regime.
Roenick retired with 513 goals scored, the second most among American-born players. The Hockey Hall of Fame should be in his near future.
So just what did Matt do to earn the slug in the jaw? Maybe Matt's imposing size caused JR to regress to his NHL days and protect his turf. Maybe Matt asked for too much to be written in the inscription.
Well, I can't be too hard on Matt. Aside from providing me with a great picture for Friendly Encounters, Matt provided me with Roenick's book as part of a Christmas gift. I have to say, that is a great one-two combo.
Many thanks to Matt for a fun picture, an interesting book and a very thoughtful gift. Thanks, also, to Erin for helping Matt and being patient with us both!
Matt Parker and Jeremy Roenick in IL-December 2012.


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Mitchelton-SCOTT bring a balanced mixed team to Norway ready to tackle the multiple discipline three-day Velon race - Hammer Stavanger.
After a successful first edition last year in Limburg, the Australian outfit are excited to return to the event, prepared for the different challenges and opportunities each day brings.
The new Velon racing concept was launched in 2017 and each day focuses on a specific cycling discipline where the riders will collect points for their teams.
Day one features the Hammer Climb race, day two the riders will face the Hammer Sprint, and the final day is the decisive Hammer Chase.
In the Hammer climb race and the Hammer sprint race, riders will earn points for the team depending on their position when they cross the line each lap of the short circuit.
In Hammer Chase, the leading team after the first two days starts first, the other teams are chasing and the first team over the line will be crowned event champions. Each day will feature multiple laps of 8 to 10 km on a circuit, for fast and furious racing over a short distance.
Multiple track world championship medallist Cameron Meyer and Madison world champion Roger Kluge bring crucial speed and power to the line-up, which can be valuable to the team on the Hammer Sprint stage. Alongside them will be punchy strong riders Michael Albasini and South African champion Daryl Impey.
Adding to the team's climbing forces and rounding out the six-rider team is Damien Howson and Lucas Hamilton, before the mixed squad come together for the final and decisive stage, the Hammer Chase.
"The Hammer Series concept is certainly different but is made for some entertaining and aggressive racing. I remember watching it last season on the TV and really liked the look of the fast, circuit racing.
"I am excited to give it a go and with Mitchelton-SCOTT, I think we will be in with a shot for some good results.
It is a very similar style of racing to that of a points race on the track. Of course, it has its differences but I'm hoping my track experience and some left over track legs from the Australian summer will help me to be competitive at this event.
"I think we have a well rounded team for this Hammer Series in Norway. We have a good group for the team time trial so if the first two-days we can score some good points with the likes of Daryl Impey, Michael Albasini, Roger Kluge and myself, then I think we will be in with a chance of winning the overall."
"We have a very solid group of riders that can be very competitive in the two point score races, with a balanced team with fast riders like Roger Kluge and Cameron Meyer and punchy guys like Daryl Impey and Michael Albasini. We have a mixture of riders suited to the different disciples of the race.
Last year in the inaugural edition of the race, Mitchelton-SCOTT finished in third place overall after three days of racing. The team claimed fourth place in the Hammer Climb, but 10th place in the Hammer Sprint.


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Mon, Jan 20, 2020 | Updated 11:57 UTC
Country may remain on FATF list beyond February: minister
Pakistan, FATF list, February, parliamentary panel
Islamabad (Pakistan) Nov 8: Pakistan may remain on the grey list of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) beyond February 2020, mainly because of its risk profile and in view of two simultaneous evaluations.
Senior officials provided this information to a parliamentary panel on Thursday. They also revealed that the government recovered only Rs5.6 billion in taxes on foreign assets worth about $7.4bn (Rs1.15 trillion) of Pakistanis reported by the international community under information exchange arrangements.
"Pakistan faces greater challenges than many other countries because of its risk profile," said the minister responsible for economic affairs division, Hammad Azhar, while speaking at a meeting of the National Assembly's Standing Committee on Finance and Revenue, presided over by MNA Asad Umar.
He said that some countries had been removed from the grey list after just 80 per cent compliance while Pakistan was being pressurised to ensure 100pc compliance with the action plan.
Only Rs5.6bn taxes recovered from people owning assets worth Rs1.15tr abroad
"Pakistan is being viewed from a very high threshold; there is a political element to this," he said, adding that Afghanistan was not on the FATF grey list.
The minister said Pakistan was taking timely steps to meet the FATF targets as it was partially compliant on 22 of the 27 points in the action plan and non-compliant on five targets of the International Cooperation Review Group (ICRG).
Pakistan will submit its next report on its action plan to the Asia-Pacific Group (APG) by Dec 7. The APG will return the report with its questions and feedback by Dec 17. Islamabad will be required to respond to these observations by Jan 7.
Pakistan's technical team will attend a meeting of the APG joint working group in the third week of January to address any further questions and concerns. The joint working group will then submit its report to the FATF by end of January and the FATF plenary to be held by mid-February would finally decide whether Pakistan should be removed from the grey list or not.
Mr Azhar said the government was optimistic that it would achieve sufficient progress for the country to be removed from the grey list, but then it was also being reviewed simultaneously for a 40-point action plan of the APG for which the deadline was October 2020.
He said it was not clear what would the FATF decide about the intervening period - between February under the ICRG and October 2020 under the APG. He said there was a possibility that Pakistan would remain on the grey list until October next year even if it complied with the action plan for February.
Meanwhile, Federal Board of Revenue chairman Shabbar Zaidi told the meeting that the government had received 325 cases involving foreign assets worth $1 million or more of Pakistanis from 27 countries as of Oct 31. Upon examination, it was found that 135 persons had availed the 2018 amnesty scheme and declared Rs62.33bn worth of assets by paying Rs2.89bn. Another 56 people declared assets of Rs31.78bn under the 2019 amnesty scheme by paying Rs1.69bn.
Of the remaining 115 cases, the FBR imposed tax worth Rs4.06bn and recovered about Rs1bn. The remaining tax claims got stuck in courts as their owners secured stay orders.
Source: Dawn
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Man and Van W8 Kensington is a customer-oriented company providing prompt and reliable man and van London services. The team can help you with small and large, short- and long-distance removals within and outside the capital. Man and Van W8 Kensington are happy to say that our relocation services are ideal for both full-scale house moves and small moves of just a few boxes. Furthermore, by booking a Man and Van W8 Kensington, you will get not only quality service but also great and friendly attitude from the movers. So, schedule your move with us today!
The Man and Van W8 Kensington team has vast experience in the field, sufficient manpower and top equipment to handle a residential move of any size. Whether you want your furniture moved, or have expensive appliances which needs special handling – the expert removal teams have been there and done that. Don't hesitate to benefit from our excellent services by hiring a Man and Van W8 Kensington today. Upon request, the house moving experts will carefully pack your possessions with high-quality packing materials too. Then, your household items will be carefully loaded to a van of a sufficient size. Unloading and unpacking will be done in a timely fashion, with the same care and professionalism. Count on Man and Van W8 Kensington to move your house!
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The Man and Van W8 Kensington will approach business move with care and attention. Handling your office equipment, paperwork, and furniture requires experience not only from the movers, but from our office relocation project management as well – they will coordinate the process by preparing initial Inventory checklists with your office manager. Everything will be transported safe to its new location, as well as all documentation will be moved in a confidential manner.
Kensington is an affluent district within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in West London. The north east is taken up by Kensington Gardens, once private, as the name suggests, but today a public park with Italian and Dutch gardens, public buildings such as the Albert Memorial, the Serpentine Gallery and Speke's monument.
Its commercial heart is Kensington High Street. The affluent and densely populated area contains the major museum district of South Kensington, which has the Royal Albert Hall for music and nearby Royal College of Music. The area is home to many of London's European embassies. Cementing Kensington's indicators of connections with France, the area has the Lycée Français Charles de Gaulle, French Consulate, French Embassy Cultural Department and the London Oratory on the borders with diminutive Knightsbridge.


Perhaps you have heard of bulletproof coffee. Many people drink it on a daily basis. The benefits from it are amazing. So what is bulletproof coffee?
First let's go over a very basic recipe for bulletproof coffee.
Seems simple enough, right? Let's look at the nutritional value in bulletproof coffee.
If you've never had bulletproof coffee, it's a very unique taste. The consistency of it is similar to a latte. Before committing to a diet featuring bulletproof coffee, I'd make sure the taste is something you enjoy.
Does it matter which kind of coffee beans you use? Not really. Organic coffee beans work best, but that could be said about any cup of coffee, not just bulletproof.
Bulletproof coffee can replace a meal. Many people have replaced their morning breakfast with a cup of bulletproof coffee. When you start your day with a cup of bulletproof coffee, it gets your body burning fats as a source of energy, which is what the ketogenic diet is based around.
For someone who is on a keto diet or doing intermittent fasting (or both) this is a great thing to add to your diet.
Bulletproof coffee is loaded with healthy fats. Grass-fed butter and MCT oil are both very high in omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids. These two acids are loaded with benefits.
Bulletproof coffee boosts your energy. Much like regular coffee, bulletproof coffee contains caffeine which gives you a boost of energy. Many times people load up regular coffee with sugar and cream. These are empty calories and do absolutely nothing to get you through your day. Bulletproof coffee is loaded with nutritious calories, which keeps you going strong on days when choose it instead of an actual breakfast.
Bulletproof coffee tastes awesome with no need for sugar. Many people are unable to drink black coffee every day. When someone adds cream and sugar to their coffee that puts it up over 100 calories, depending on how much cream and sugar you add. If someone likes lattes or frappuccinos, those can be up near 500 calories.
Bulletproof coffee contains no sugar. Unless you add some. So don't! It does contain much more fat than a regular cup of coffee. This is why it makes so much sense for someone on a ketogenic diet. The fat turns into energy and it helps someone in a state of ketosis thrive.
Is bulletproof coffee for you? What are you waiting for? Go out and get some today!


The ideal short-sleeve tee for young people who love listening to music all day. Crafted from 100% wool, it features a headphone print around the neckline, and an all-over mint colour. Complete the relaxed weekend look with a favourite pair of blue jeans.


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How Andy Baraghani Became the Internet Boyfriend of Our Dreams
This 'Bon Appétit' senior food editor is cooking his way into our hearts one recipe at a time.
By Rose Dommu
February 17 2020 8:25 AM EST
Last summer, when it was too hot to venture outside and far too hot to even consider preparing food that didn't arrive in a takeout bag, I developed an obsession with Bon Appétit's YouTube channel. For hours, I'd watch as an eclectic cast of food editors made their favorite pasta dish, tried out survival cooking in the great outdoors, searched for the perfect New York City pizza slice, and reverse-engineered a gourmet version of Twinkies.
I was obsessed, and so were millions of others — Bon Appétit's YouTube channel has more than five million subscribers, with their big franchises (like Claire Saffitz's "Gourmet Makes"), pulling in over two million views per installment. But my interest in Bon Appétit's presence on the video streaming platform traced further back than its recent explosion in popularity: I'd actually attempted and executed a recipe for a congee-link chicken soup with sweet potatoes and garlic created by Senior Food Editor Andy Baraghani to delicious results.
If the Bon Appétit test kitchen has a thirst trap, it's Baraghani, who jokes that his impressive arms are "pretty much all from grating cheese" and that his coworkers regularly compliment him on his poreless skin. That skin is just as poreless up close, as I learn on an early December day in the test kitchen. Baraghani has invited me over to chat as he guides me through making a lemony cacio e pepe — pasta, butter, Parmesan, and Meyer lemons. Simple, but effective.
As we slice lemons and grate cheese, Baraghani tells me about his earliest memories of cooking. His parents were first-generation Iranian immigrants — they moved to the United States in the '70s — and his mother taught him Iranian home cooking while his extended family "fed me everything."
From a young age, Baraghani had a refined palette. "I craved certain things I don't think little kids would crave, really. Not candy or sweet things, but bitter herbs and sour citrus, and vinegars, and pickles, and fatty köfte, which is like a Persian meatball: there are many variations around the Middle East," he says.
Baraghani started cooking as early as eight, and at 15 got his first restaurant job, where he received the "extended foundation" of his cooking. His first chef advised him not to attend culinary school, but to instead go to college and work his way up through restaurants. "That's not to say people shouldn't go to culinary school that was my path as someone who did not come from a background that I could afford culinary school," Baraghani explains over a pot of boiling water. "I just had to work in restaurants. And it was really one of the
best things I've ever done because besides gaining some incredible knowledge about food and cooking, and refining my skills ... there are so many other things you learn in a kitchen, how to work with people, how to communicate, how to really use every single sense."
Speaking of feeling, my teacher for the day instructs me to dump some salt into the water. "Is this enough," I ask, hesitantly holding a heaping handful. It's not, and I add two more. "Taste from the very beginning and at the very end," Baraghani instructs. "And that applies to your raw ingredients, like this lemon, to the water that you're going to be boiling when you add the salt, to the sauce that's being emulsified, to when you add the pasta, and to when you bring the sauce and pasta together in the finished dish. You taste every step, so then at the end, you know what you're getting, and there're no surprises."
But as well-prepared as Baraghani is, nothing could have prepared him for becoming a YouTube celebrity when Bon Appétit expanded its channel three years ago. Two years ago it was clear that people were watching, but now when he's out in New York, people will approach him on the street for selfies.
"The amount of just DMs and handwritten letters, and emails, it's wonderfully bizarre," he confesses.
What many viewers don't see is that when he's not playing their surrogate boyfriend on camera, Baraghani is still
an actual magazine editor, contributing to each issue of Bon Appétit and serving as the co-food editor of Healthyish, one of the magazine's verticals focused on clean eating.
One thing that hasn't changed is the way Baraghani feels when he sees people recreating his recipes at home. "I still can't get over it ... to see people not just make the recipe, but then to message me and [say], 'This completely changed the way I cook,' or 'I never knew about this ingredient, I never knew about this dish or culture.' Those are the messages that really resonate with me because that's very much been my main goal and main agenda when I came to BA. And it still is."
But of course, those aren't the only kinds of messages he's getting. When I ask how many people have slid into his DMs thirsty for more than just cooking tips, Baraghani says he's gotten some "very sweet" messages. "Some of them so sweet, I can't respond to," he laughs. "But if at the end of the day ... I'm somehow bringing them to Bon Appétit, or a dish, or a food then that really makes me really happy. So, I keep smiling."
This piece originally appears in Out's 2020 Culture Issue, available on newsstands on 2/25. To get an advanced look at the issue, download it for Kindle or Nook, and grab your copy by subscribing now.
Tags: Print, Food


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Streamlining Administrative Regulations for Multifamily Housing Programs and Implementing Family Income Reviews under the Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act
On December 4, 2015, the President signed the Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act) into law. The law contained language that allowed public housing authorities (PHAs) and owners to conduct full income recertifications for families with 90 percent or more of their income from fixed income every 3 years instead of annually. HUD issued an interim rule on December 12, 2017, to align the current regulatory flexibilities with those provided in the FAST Act.
Streamlining Administrative Regulations for Multifamily Housing Programs and Implementing Family Income Reviews Under the Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST) Act
AGENCY: Office of the Deputy Secretary, HUD.
SUMMARY: On December 4, 2015, the President signed the Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act) into law. The law contained language that allowed public housing authorities (PHAs) and owners to conduct full income recertifications for families with 90 percent or more of their income from fixed income every 3 years instead of annually. HUD issued an interim rule on December 12, 2017, to align the current regulatory flexibilities with those provided in the FAST Act. In addition, the interim rule sought to extend to certain multifamily housing (MFH) programs some of the streamlining changes that were proposed for and made only to the housing choice voucher (HCV) and public housing (PH) programs. This final rule finalizes the regulatory language to implement the FAST Act contained in the December 2017 interim rule, with one change to clarify that owners are not required to make adjustments to non-fixed-income.
To view the full rule in the Federal Register, click here.


A martial-arts master escapes from a prison camp in wartime China and flees to Malaya. His hopes for a quiet life are dashed when he saves a bus driver from a lynch mob. The master agrees to impart his secrets to five disciples. Although the organisation they found becomes internationally renowned, the arts are almost entirely lost as the initiates succumb to internal squabbling and greed.
New in Singapore, Chris Murray tracks down Chan See-meng, favourite disciple of the great Chee Kim Thong. Through dusty Malaysian villages and Shaolin Temple in China, the adventure that begins with gruelling practice on Chan's rooftop leads Chris in the footsteps of the masters. As he becomes absorbed in the esoteric depths of Five Ancestors Fist, he investigates the journey of Zen martial-arts from ancient temples to modern gymnasia. Can the traditional arts survive in modernity?
An intimate memoir with historical scope, Crippled Immortals unites a cast of legendary heroes and slack-jawed monks, Indian yogi and Tibetan lamas, bluffers, gangsters, and champions who have been touched by Old Man Chee's arts. The practitioner's path to enlightenment is always arduous, often hilarious, and sometimes heart-breaking. True adepts talk with their fists, but the strength that endures lies in the bond between master and disciple.


Listed buildings are included on a list of buildings of special architectural or historic interest compiled by Historic Environment Scotland on behalf of the Scottish Ministers. The list is then maintained by the Local Authority, in this case ourselves. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1997 is the primary piece of Government legislation relating to Listed Buildings.
The term 'building' is defined broadly in the legislation and can include, for example, buildings, walls, fountains, statues, sundials, bridges, bandstands and telephone boxes. Because of their importance they are protected by special controls and Listed Building Consent must be obtained before you start any work (whether internal or external) which might affect the character of the building. These controls also apply to buildings, structures and enclosures found within the curtilage of a listed building.
Applications for listed building consent can be made online through the eplanning portal.
Which buildings qualify for listing?
Category A - Buildings of international, national or architectural importance or little-altered examples of styles or periods.
Category B - Buildings of regional importance or important historic buildings that have been altered.
Category C - Buildings of local importance and lesser examples of a particular era which may have been altered.
Buildings may also be linked in A or B class groups to indicate their position in relation to a wider set of buildings with which they form a functionally related whole such as an industrial estate, an urban square or a village high street.
Our Listed Building & Conservation Area Officer can provide advice on listed building matters, please refer to How to Make a Preliminary Enquiry.
You can also get more information from Historic Environment Scotland - the Government's statutory adviser on all matters concerning the conservation of Scotland's Historic built environment including Listed Buildings and Ancient Monuments and also Designed Gardens and Historic Landscapes. Historic Environment Scotland may be able to offer grants for works to Grade A or B Listed Buildings and occasionally other Listed Buildings within Conservation Areas.
Read our recently approved planning guidance if you are wanting to replace windows and doors and your property is either a Listed building or in located in a Conservation Area.
Read our Replacement Windows and Doors Guidance (PDF).