Sometimes, you just want to wear something weird. And clashing. And really ugly. And sometimes, it ends up sort of growing on you.
Like this NOTD, from a few weeks back. It all started when I decided I suddenly wanted to wear blue nail polish. If you know me, you'll know I'm not THAT big a fan of blues, for some reason. I don't even know why, especially given that I LOVE purples, and purples are essentially half blue? But that day I decided I wanted to wear blue. So I dug out Rimmel's Blue Me Away. It's a beautiful blue with fine red-orange shimmer. It's pretty cool, actually - it's rare to see a blue with shimmer of a contrasting colour, since most blues I've seen have silver shimmer.
So I put it on. While I like Rimmel's Lycra Pro Finish range, and their Lasting Finish Pro Enamel range, Blue Me Away was from the 60 Seconds Nail Polish range, and applies less well. I also don't like the brush as much - while the other two ranges have brushes with a curved end (which I particularly like), the brush on this one is cut across horizontally, and it is a little stubby. But it's nothing that can't be dealt with.
After putting it on, I decided that it wasn't weird enough. So I decided to put glitter on top of it. And I thought, why not put a red glitter on top, since there's already red shimmer in the polish?
So I dug out Nails Inc Trafalgar Square (which does seem quite a lot like China Glaze Ruby Pumps, another cult colour), and applied it on top. And as usual, this applied like nearly all the other Nails Inc colours I've tried before - without a single flaw.
I see why you like it. Its actually VERY cool!
The pic on my dashboard caught my attention as I was scrolling through. Sure you won't be to suprised that I was going 'ooh, like that!' before I even realised it was your blog!!! I've never tried any proper glitters from Nails inc, so really interesting to see.
PS I bought 2 new blue varnishes yesterday.....obsessed me?
It looks like fireworks! I love this mani.
I like it! It look like it's glowing from within.


text:
Several ships of the French Navy have borne the name Magnanime:

 , an 80-gun ship of the line, launched in 1673, and sunk during the Battle of Cabrita Point on 21 March 1705.
 , a 72-gun ship, launched in 1706, and wrecked in 1712.
 , a 74-gun ship, launched in 1744, and captured by the British in 1748, and broken up in 1775.
 , a 74-gun ship, launched in 1779, and broken up in 1793.
 Magnanime, a 74-gun ship laid down in 1794, but renamed Quatorze Juillet in 1798, and finally launched as  in 1803.
 , 74-gun ship of the line launched in 1803, and laid up in 1816.

See also

French Navy ship names

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


More than 330 AIA Corporation distributors, suppliers and corporate employees convened at the Hyatt Regency at the Arch in St. Louis from July 29 to 31 for Neenah, Wisconsin-based AIA Corporation's largest event of the year, the 20th annual National Sales Summit.
This mid-year conference, themed "Gateway to Growth" as a nod to one of AIA Corporation's core values, is aimed at providing networking opportunities for participants within the AIA Corporation community to further build upon existing relationships, share industry best practices and gain knowledge about the future of the industry.
Attendees participated in breakout education and training sessions focused on product safety, sales and technology, along with an exclusive AIA Corporation trade show. The event also featured an industry first, as Paul Bellantone, Tim Andrews and David Woods—the president and CEOs of Promotional Products Association International, ASI and AIA Corporation, respectively—met together on one stage to provide an open forum on their vision of the industry, technology and promotional products supply chain.
"We felt this was our most successful event in company history from the standpoint of networking with their peers, sharing of best practices, gaining insights through educational content and enjoying the camaraderie that has been a trademark of AIA's owner community," said Jim Roccia, vice president of sales and marketing at AIA Corporation.
As keynote speaker, Seth Mattison, an expert on workforce trends and generational dynamics, spoke about navigating a new business landscape founded on collaboration as the key to unleashing innovation. With a dynamic presence and hard-hitting message, Mattison's presentation and workshop both ended with standing ovations, and distributors and suppliers epitomized his topic throughout the event as they connected and openly explored how to meet needs and synergize successfully.
The event included an exclusive cocktail party at the Saint Louis Art Museum, a rooftop reception overlooking the famous Gateway Arch, an award reception where AIA Corporation recognized the professional accomplishments of distributors and suppliers alike with more than 120 awards in 16 categories, an exclusive trade show where the St. Louis Cardinals' mascot Fredbird paid a visit, and a Cardinals game in the Budweiser Brew House.
"We are very pleased with the turnout this year and are thrilled by the amount of energy this event has produced," said Stacey McConnell, manager of marketing strategy and execution at AIA Corporation. "We announced a few new programs with great reception from our owner community and look forward to seeing many of the ideas sparked here come to fruition."
AIA Corporation is currently planning for the 2016 newly titled National Sales Event to be held in Chicago next July.
For more information, visit www.aiacommunity.com.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Large Sized Tiger Prawns Fried In Hot Sauce With Chopped Red Onions, Fresh Chillies & Capsicum.
A selection of dishes prepared and recommended by house chefs.
A Popular Dish From Monipur Region Of India . This Dish Is Cooked In A Special Blend Of Spices With Mixed Crispy Vegetables And Extra Hint Of Turmeric Powder.
A Very Popular Dish Cooked With Lamb , Chicken Prawn And Omelette On Top.
A Popular Dish Comes With Free Choice Of Sauces. Tarka Daal Or Vegetable Bhaji Or Curry Sauce Or Madras Sauce.
We also have a range of popular english dishes to choose from.


text:
Category:Association football coaches by national team
This meta category should only contain other categories. Files should either be in the relevant subcategory or in the parent category.
association football national coach
association football manager,
national team coach
national association football team
seleccionador de fútbol (es); sélectionneur de football (fr); тренер національної футбольної збірної (uk); fotbollsförbundskapten (sv); тренер сборной по футболу (ru); מאמן נבחרת כדורגל לאומית (he); voetbalbondscoach (nl); seleccionador de futbol (ca); seleicionador de fútbol (ast); Fußballnationaltrainer (de); commissario tecnico (it); association football national coach (en); مدرب منتخبات كرة قدم وطنية (ar); reprezentační fotbalový trenér (cs); fodboldlandsholdstræner (da) entrenador de fútbol a cargo de una selección nacional (es); hauptverantwortliche Trainer einer Fußballnationalmannschaft (de); hlavní trenér národního fotbalového družstva (cs); entraîneur se trouvant à la tête d'une équipe nationale (fr) seleccionador de futbol (es); Fußball-Nationaltrainer, Fussballnationaltrainer, Fußballnationaltrainerin, Fußball-Nationaltrainerin, Fussballnationaltrainerin (de); מאמנת נבחרת כדורגל לאומית (he); trenér národního fotbalového družstva, trenér fotbalové reprezentace, reprezentační fotbalová trenérka, trenérka fotbalové reprezentace (cs); тренер збірної країни з футболу, тренер футбольної збірної країни (uk)
This category has the following 85 subcategories, out of 85 total.
► Coaches of Algeria national association football team (9 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Andorra national association football team (3 C)
► Coaches of Argentina national association football team (19 C)
► Coaches of Armenia national association football team (2 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Australia national association football team (6 C)
► Coaches of Azerbaijan national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Belarus national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Belgium national association football team (7 C, 2 F)
► Coaches of Benin national association football team (3 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Brazil national association football team (16 C)
► Coaches of Bulgaria national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Burkina Faso national association football team (2 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Cameroon national association football team (10 C)
► Coaches of Chile national association football team (9 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of China national football team (3 C)
► Coaches of Yugoslavia national association football team (7 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Colombia national association football team (3 C)
► Coaches of Denmark national association football team (13 C)
► Coaches of Ecuador national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Egypt national association football team (7 C)
► Coaches of England national association football team (9 C)
► Coaches of Faroe Islands national football team (4 C)
► Coaches of Finland national association football team (2 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of France national association football team (10 C, 2 F)
► Coaches of Gabon national association football team (3 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Georgia national association football team (3 C)
► Coaches of Germany national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of the German Democratic Republic national association football team (7 C)
► Coaches of Ghana national association football team (5 C)
► Coaches of Gibraltar national association football team (1 F)
► Coaches of Great Britain men's national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of the Greek national association football team (8 C, 3 F)
► Coaches of Greenland national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of Guam national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of Guinea national association football team (4 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Haiti national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of Hungary national association football team (28 C)
► Coaches of the Iran national football team (12 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Iraq national association football team (4 C)
► Coaches of the Republic of Ireland national association football team (3 C)
► Coaches of Israel national football team (4 C, 5 F)
► Coaches of Italy national association football team (24 C)
► Coaches of Ivory Coast national association football team (7 C)
► Coaches of Jamaica national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of Japan national association football team (7 C)
► Coaches of Jordan national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of South Korea national association football team (9 C, 4 F)
► Coaches of Kuwait national association football team (7 C)
► Coaches of Latvia national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Lebanon national association football team (6 C)
► Coaches of Luxembourg national football team (1 C)
► Coaches of Mali national association football team (4 C)
► Coaches of Morocco national association football team (5 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of the Netherlands national association football team (25 C)
► Coaches of Niger national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of Nigeria national association football team (7 C, 2 F)
► Coaches of Northern Ireland national association football team (3 C)
► Coaches of Norway national football team (5 C)
► Coaches of Oman national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Paraguay national association football team (7 C, 2 F)
► Coaches of Peru national association football team (12 C, 3 F)
► Coaches of the Philippines national association football team (1 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Poland national association football team (19 C, 3 F)
► Coaches of Portugal national association football team (4 C, 2 F)
► Coaches of Qatar national association football team (6 C)
► Coaches of Russia national association football team (10 C)
► Coaches of Saudi Arabia national association football team (9 C)
► Coaches of Scotland national association football team (4 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Senegal national association football team (6 C)
► Coaches of Serbia national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of Singapore national association football team (1 C)
► Coaches of the Soviet Union national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Spain national association football team (8 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Sweden national association football team (5 C, 1 F)
► Coaches of Switzerland national association football team (11 C)
► Coaches of Thailand national football team (1 C)
► Coaches of Togo national association football team (2 C, 2 F)
► Coaches of Tunisia national association football team (7 C, 4 F)
► Coaches of Turkey national association football team (10 C)
► Coaches of Ukraine national association football team (13 C)
► Coaches of United Arab Emirates national association football team (6 C)
► Coaches of the United States men's national association football team (5 C)
► Coaches of Uruguay national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Venezuela national association football team (2 C)
► Coaches of Wales national association football team (1 C)
Retrieved from "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Association_football_coaches_by_national_team&oldid=328152255"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
William Bromley III (English, active 1835 - 1888) Genre Scene Boys with Bird's Nest
William Bromley was the son of an artist and grandson of an engraver. He began his artistic career as an engraver, but forayed into genre painting. He is best known for his portrayals of young children at play, often with pets, but often engrossed in the game of marbles, a popular pastime of Victorian children. He was influenced by the Scottish painter, Sir David Wilkie and Irish painter, William Mulready, both of whom were influenced by the Flemish School where emphasis was placed on telling a story based on scenes of everyday life. He was skilled at positioning his subjects in such a manner that concentrated their activity so that the meaning of his "story" was instantly conveyed. Bromley exhibited many of his paintings at Suffolk Street, The Royal Academy, and the British Institution.


The concept of whether words are harmful or not is one of the contentions in the free speech debate. Those who support free speech defend their perceived right to employ the language they feel entitled to use. For these people the view is often that words only cause offence if people choose to take offence. Their position on linguistics is that words are simply just words.
But language is more complex than a reductionist theory of linguistics would suggest. We do not use language in a vacuum. When we use a word we are not just using it to signify a single concept or a single meaning, we have to consider the history, the origins and the current colloquial usage of the word.
I'll give a specific example. I was asked by an individual on social media why I felt the 'P' word was offensive. His argument was that the word was simply a contraction of the term Pakistani individual in the same way that 'Brit' is a contraction of the term British individual. As such he saw no difference between the two terms and failed to appreciate why the 'P' word is considered socially unacceptable but 'Brit' is employed in everyday language.
The answer is that the words have evolved nuances over time that bring an underlying and implied meaning to their usage. The 'P' word may well have originated as a contraction of the term Pakistani but the word has been socially employed as a racist term to insult and abuse people of Asian (or Asian looking) origin and this cultural and historical usage cannot be divorced from the word's original meaning. If I use the 'P' word you know that I know the evolved meaning of the word and you know I have chosen to use that word within this context. It is therefore a fair assumption that if I do use the word I am using it in a manner concordant with these pejorative overtones. Simply put – I intend to offend, therefore the word is offensive.
An interesting counter example to this would be when a word has disassociated itself from its origins. There is some debate as to the roots of the term 'nitty gritty' but some linguists believe it to be either a slang term deriving from the French word 'nigritique' used to refer to the Black and Creole populations in the 18th century or a noun used to describe the detritus at the bottom of slavery ships. If either of these definitions were ever true they have long fallen out of public memory and the term is now employed by many people (including myself) in full ignorance of any racial connotations. This phrase is not offensive even if it was initially intended to be because the colloquial usage has changed. There is no intent to offend, therefore there is no offence meant or taken.
Language can change meaning over time naturally but it can also have a meaning deliberately altered for positive or negative purposes. One of the best examples of this is the LGBT community and their reclaiming of the word 'queer.' 'Queer' was initially used as a homophobic term of offense but the gay community took back the word by giving it positive associations and now the term can be legitimately employed in reference to a gay person without fear of prejudice.
The real hot potato though is the N word. This is contentious not so much for its meaning (the N word is pretty much universally agreed to be taboo) but for who should be allowed to use it. Politician Diane Abbott made the headlines this week for using the word on morning television and was met with both condemnation and applause for doing so. Her supporters claimed that as a Woman of Colour Ms Abbott was entitled to use the word (particularly in relation to the fact she was directly referencing some of the shameful racial abuse she has been forced to endure). Her detractors stated that the word is offensive, regardless of who is using it and Ms Abbott has no place to be using such language before the watershed on television.
The N word is problematic because it falls neatly into neither of the situations that the 'P' word or 'queer' do. In the case of the 'P' word the Pakistani community are (in general) not trying to sanitise it. It is an insult, they don't use it and nor do non Pakistanis (except racists who want to give offence). Problem solved. In the case of the word 'queer' not only the LGBT community use it but everybody uses it now as a term washed clean of the insulting overtones. But with the 'N' word the suggestion is that the word is not racist when used by a Person of Colour but it is racist when used by a white person. Linguistically this makes for a stickier wicket.
Are we allowing prejudice to flourish when we say a word is racist when used by one community but acceptable when used by another. Is it a racist term or isn't it? Can a word with so many decades of negative hate connotations actually ever be reclaimed? Is it a racist act in itself to segregate linguistics based on skin colour?
As a white woman it is impossible to set aside the white privilege that I have benefitted by. We white people need to own and acknowledge this. It is a reprehensible but true fact that the colour of our skin has given us unfair advantages. I cannot dissociate myself from this when considering the use of the 'N' word. It feels wrong to demand an equal right to use it. It feels I am trying to obtain even more white privilege. I have no good grounds for asking for that right. It also feels wrong to ask People of Colour not to use it. Why should they not have the right to reclaim this word used so offensively to abuse them?
But equally, the concept of different rights for different communities doesn't sit well with my beliefs about equality.
There is no simple way to resolve this conundrum. Language will continue to evolve and, within the next 50 years, we may see the 'N' word enter the common vernacular or we may see it disappear from use altogether.
I'm starting a dissertation on the perception of race, so this article is both timely and extremely useful.
Yet your pal Maggie Chapman was ejected from UKIP for using the P word, incongrous n'est pas?
My pal? I don't know her. Who is she?


Choice of small, medium or large.
Prosciutto, fresh mozzarella, arugula on baguette.
Turkey, nueske's bacon, gruyere, house mayo on baguette.
Braised pork, ham, swiss, dill pickle, whole grain mustard on ciabatta.
House-made meatballs, marinara, provolone on baguette.
Prosciutto, mozzarella, fig jam and arugula.
Grilled mushrooms, Swiss, red onion, horseradish mayo, hot pepper relish, greens on baguette.
Please contact the merchant for seasonal soup of the day.
Mixed greens, tomato, cucumber and red onion.
Romaine, parmesan and house croutons.
Romaine, tomato, cucumber, red onion, kalamata olives and feta.
Mixed greens, chicken, purple cabbage, carrots, green onion and spicy peanut dressing.
Mixed greens, house roasted beef, gorgonzola, red onion and tomato.
Romaine, chicken, bacon crumbles, gorgonzola, egg, tomato and avocado.
Gruyere, Swiss, cheddar, Grany Smith apple on ciabatta.
Fresh mozzarella, tomatoes, house pesto on baguette.
Eggplant, provolone, house marinara, arugula on baguette.
Hummus, olive tapenade, tomato, red onion, cucumber, artichoke, arugula on ciabatta.
House-roasted beef, cheddar, red onion, horseradish mayo, greens on wheat.
House roasted beef, Swiss, nueske's bacon and a-1 on baguette.
Creamy tuna salad, tomato, red onion and romaine on wheat.
Braised pork, nueske's bacon, cheddar, sriracha aioli on baguette.
Roasted chicken, fresh mozzarella, tomato, red onion and house pesto on ciabatta.
Lump crab cake, greens, sriracha aioli on kaiser roll.
Salami, spicy coppa, provolone, hot pepper relish, balsamic on ciabatta.
Tarragon chicken salad, apples, greens on wheat.
Turkey, gruyere, tomato jam, apples, house mayo on baguette.
Grilled ham, house made pimento cheese on ciabatta.
Local sausage, marinara, Aleppo pepper, red onion, provolone, honey, arugula.
Pepperonis, mozzarella, house made marinara and red pepper flakes.
House pesto, tomato and fresh mozzarella.
Marinara, artichoke, grilled mushrooms, eggplant, kalamata, red onion, feta and arugula.


Droolworthy milk chocolate and Nutella icing from The Primrose Bakery Book. The perfect topping for any cupcake or cake recipe - that's if it lasts that long!
Ice Primrose Bakery's Nutella Cupcakes using this recipe.
You will need an electric hand mixer.
Melt the chocolate either in a heatproof bowl over a saucepan of simmering water on the hob, or in a microsafe bowl in the microwave (heat on a medium heat for 1 minute, stir and then heat for a further minute, taking care not to burn the chocolate). When the chocolate is melted and runny, pour into a large mixing bowl and allow to cool slightly.
Add the double cream, butter and vanilla extract and beat well with an electric hand mixer. Beat in the Nutella until the icing is smooth and creamy. It should be suitable to use straight away, but if it is a little runny put it into the fridge for half an hour or so. You can store any unused icing in the fridge for 3-4 days. Before reusing, allow it to come to room temperature and beat well.


3 in a row from all your favourite artists including The Stones, Blondie and Queen, Led Zeppelin, Fleetwood Mac, Bowie and more.
Get three days off and 3 times the greatest music ever made!
A Triple play long weekend, on The Sound.


text:
Герб города Ела́буги Елабужского района Республики Татарстан Российской Федерации.

Герб утверждён Решением № 38 Елабужского городского Совета 8 августа 2006 года.

Герб внесён в Государственный геральдический регистр Российской Федерации под регистрационном номером 2547 и в Государственный геральдический реестр Республики Татарстан под № 69.

Описание и обоснование символики
Геральдическое описание (блазон) гласит:

За основу современного герба города Елабуга взят исторический герб города Елабуга Вятского наместничества, Высочайше утверждённый 28 мая 1781 года, подлинное описание которого гласит:

Использование исторического герба для современного города подчёркивает древность Елабужской земли, богатство традиций.

Главная фигура герба — дятел традиционный символ трудолюбия, неутомимости, упорства. Композиция герба Елабуги представляет аллегорию борьбы добра со злом.

Золото в геральдике символизирует прочность, великодушие, богатство, урожай.

Серебро в геральдике символизирует чистоту, благородство, мир, взаимосотрудничество.

Красный цвет — символ труда, мужества, красоты и жизни.

Зелёный цвет символизирует весну, радость, надежду, природу, и здоровье.

Чёрный цвет в геральдике символизирует благоразумие, мудрость, скромность, честность.

История

Высочайше утвержденный герб

В 1780 году указом Екатерины II Елабуга получила статус уездного города Вятского наместничества.

Первый герб города Елабуги был Высочайше утверждён 28 мая 1781 года императрицей Екатериной II вместе с другими гербами городов Вятского наместничества (ПСЗРИ, 1781, Закон № 15164).

Описание герба города Елабуги в законе гласило:

Герб Елабуги был составлен в департаменте Герольдии при Сенате под руководством герольдмейстера, действительного статского советника А. А. Волкова.

Герб Кёне

В 1859 году, в период геральдической реформы Кёне, был разработан проект нового герба уездного города Елабуги (официально не утверждён):

Советский период

В советский период исторический герб Елабуги (1781 года) не использовался, но были выпущены сувенирные значки с геральдическими эмблемами города (не утверждённые).

Первая эмблема выглядела следующим образом:

На второй эмблеме было изображено:

Эмблема 1994 года
В 1994 году был выпущен сувенирный значок с неофициальным проектом герба Елабуги:

Современный герб

18 апреля 2006 года Елабужский городской Совет рассмотрел вопрос о гербе города и принял решение об отправке необходимого пакета документов по гербу в Геральдические советы при Президенте России и Республики Татарстан, одновременно была отправлена просьба к Президенту Республики Татарстан о разрешении использования элемента герба Республики Татарстан в вольной части герба города (решение по вольной части не состоялось).

В один и тот же день, 8 августа 2006 года, были утверждены герб города Елабуга и герб Елабужского муниципального района. Герб района отличался от городского герба наличием чёрной оконечностью, усыпанной серебряными гонтами, попеременно.

Герб города был разработан авторской группой Геральдического совета при Президенте Республики Татарстан и Союза геральдистов России в составе:

Рамиль Хайрутдинов (Казань), Радик Салихов (Казань), Ильнур Миннуллин (Казань), Константин Мочёнов (Химки), Кирилл Переходенко (Конаково), Оксана Афанасьева (Москва) при участии: Наиля Валеева (Елабуга), Рабиса Саляхова (Елабуга), Гульзады Руденко (Елабуга), Ленара Мифтахова (Елабуга).

См. также
 Гербы населённых пунктов Республики Татарстан

Примечания

Литература
 Винклер П. П. Гербы городов, губерний, областей и посадов Российской империи, внесённые в Полное собрание законов с 1649 по 1900 г. — , 1990.
 Рево О. Гербы городов Вятской губернии // Наука и жизнь. — 1978 — № 8, стр.65.

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Елабуга
Елабуга
Гербы с изображением дятла


text:
Editorial / Entertainment News
Bradley Cooper Needs To Get Hit With A Steel Chair At The Golden Globes
Posted by Stephen NepaPosted 7 months ago December 9, 2018
Were only a few weeks away from the 76th Golden Globes which will air LIVE on NBC on Sunday, January 6th@ 8PM. I'm not really fan of award ceremonies, but I will be watching. The talk of the town has been the announcement that Bradley Cooper's directorial debut film "A Star is Born" has been nominated for a few awards including awards for Cooper for Best Director, and Lady Gaga for Best Actress in a Motion Picture.The film is good and made my fiance cry, and a few ladies sitting in the same row as us also cry. Maybe I had a tear in my eye too, but I will not admit that here.
Bradley Cooper has long been rumored to play the lead in Pandemonium. The story of World Wrestling Entertainment founder Vince Mcmahon, and his rise to bring a stranglehold on professional wrestling to the masses. That's right Hollywood A-Lister Bradley Cooper is rumored to be playing Mcmahon. Bradley Cooper is a great actor but filling the shoes of a Titan could be daunting. WWE is a global brand and Mcmahon is known as one of the hardest workers in the world. Cooper has his work cut out for him if he accepts the role.
Award shows can be boring, and they can be awesome if you're into that thing. WWE has had a long longevity and has been known for creating global superstars that are known throughout the world. They are also a company that can be full of surprises when need be.
What if Mr. Bradley Cooper is up there on that stage on January 6th and talking, and suddenly the lights go out and when they come back on a wrestler from Raw or Smackdown are standing behind Cooper with a steel chair in hand. The wrestler swings and the lights go out, and Cooper is laid out. There would be no press release needed. The world would be talking.
Pandemonium is still a go with Glenn Ficarra and John Requa attached
to direct. Bradley Cooper and Lady Gaga are sure to take award season by storm.
I've listened to there song "Shallow" four times while writing this article.
The post Bradley Cooper Needs To Get Hit With A Steel Chair At The Golden Globes appeared first on Age of The Nerd.
Bradley Cooper golden globes Lady Gaga Vince McMahon WWE
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Discussion in 'General Electronics Chat' started by tpny, Oct 2, 2012.
why does this pull my Vin to ground at the inverting input (Vin = 1V, voltmeter reading at inverting input = 0V).
but this doesn't (Vin = 1V, voltmeter reading at inverting input = 1V).
The 1st opamp is a follower. Its input is the (+) input of the opamp, not the (-) input which connects to the output of the opamp.
Its output voltage is exactly the same as its (+) input voltage.
The 2nd opamp is an inverter. If the input is +1V then the output is -1V. If the input is -1V then the output is +1V.
The resistor values in the 2nd circuit are too low at only 1k ohms. Use 10k or 100k ohms instead.
2. For the inverter, why is 1k too small? (My Vin is a sensor signal with output range 0~1V and internal impedance is about 7 ohms.) I chose 1k because I was trying to achieve higher snr (to prevent noise getting amplified too, output of this inverter is then fed to 2nd inverter with gain of 5).
Correct but the middle of the positive and negative power supply is ground.
If the input voltage is 15V then the output current of the opamp in the feedback resistor is trying to be 15mA PLUS load current. Most opamps cannot deliver an output current so high.
But now you say your input voltage is only 1V then the current is only 1mA which is fine.
1. A sensor has 1V signal and I need 5x amplification, is it better to use 2 inverters (with gains of 1 and 5) or 1 non-inverter (with gain of 5)?
A single non-inverting opamp can easily have a gain of 5.
The 5V sensor can feed directly into the 5V ADC if its output never goes higher than 5V.
The low impedance sensor might damage the input of the opamp or ADC if the opamp or ADC has its power supply turned off but the sensor has voltage.
Do you mean if there is no resistor in front of an opamp input, the current entering into the opamp is not limited, thusly there might be damage?
What about opamp inputs being high impedance by definition, would that limit the incoming current irrespective of the resistor size in front of it?
Simply read the absolute maximum allowed input voltage of the opamp you are using on its datasheet. Most opamps have it as its power supply voltage so if its power supply is turned off then it should not have an input signal level greater than zero.
given the choice of putting a resistor between Vin and opamp input and direct feed, is it always better to use direct feed?
More specifically does adding a resistor create more noise (noise converted to voltage by resistor), lower input impedance (resistor size becomes new impedance)?
In that case a follower is always better than 2 unity gain inverting opamps in sequence? Thank you!
Yes, the resistors in an inverting opamp circuit add noise from the resistors.
A follower does not have those noisy resistors.
Metal film resistors produce less noise than carbon film resistors.


text:
import { findLastValidBreakpoint } from './../../theme/tools/utils';
import { theme } from '../../theme';

describe('mode', () => {
  // const theme = useTheme();
  test('First array value', () => {
    expect(findLastValidBreakpoint([1, 2], theme.breakpoints, 0)).toBe(1);
  });
  test('Middle array value', () => {
    expect(findLastValidBreakpoint([1, 2, 3], theme.breakpoints, 1)).toBe(2);
  });
  test('Last array value', () => {
    expect(findLastValidBreakpoint([1, 2, 3], theme.breakpoints, 2)).toBe(3);
  });
  test('First Object value', () => {
    expect(
      findLastValidBreakpoint({ base: 1, sm: 2, lg: 3 }, theme.breakpoints, 0)
    ).toBe(1);
  });
  test('Middle object value 1', () => {
    expect(
      findLastValidBreakpoint({ base: 1, sm: 2, lg: 3 }, theme.breakpoints, 1)
    ).toBe(2);
  });
  test('Middle object value 2', () => {
    expect(
      findLastValidBreakpoint({ base: 1, sm: 2, lg: 3 }, theme.breakpoints, 2)
    ).toBe(2);
  });
  test('Last object value', () => {
    expect(
      findLastValidBreakpoint({ base: 1, sm: 2, lg: 3 }, theme.breakpoints, 3)
    ).toBe(3);
  });
});


text:
Timor-Leste postpones re-opening of parliament
Absence of Xanana Gusmao cited as reason amid rumors of fight for cabinet posts in new coalition
Thomas Ora, Dili
Former East Timor Prime Minister, Xanana Gusmao, is heading a negotiation team at the Hague in an effort to settle a dispute with Australia over maritime boundaries. (Photo by Adek Berry/AFP)
Timor-Leste, Asia's most Catholic country, has postponed naming a new government and the first sitting of parliament since the July general election until former prime minister and opposition leader Xanana Gusmao returns from an overseas trip.
Analysts believe the postponement could be the result of a coalition dispute between Fretilin, the largest party, and its junior partners.
The swearing in ceremony for lawmakers was scheduled for Aug. 21 and was to be followed by the naming of a new cabinet, but this will not happen until Gusmao returns from a trip to negotiate maritime boundaries between Timor-Leste and Australia, according to Fretilin general secretary, Mari Alkatiri.
Timor-Leste is embroiled in a territorial spat with Australia being heard at the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague over maritime areas that are rich in oil and gas deposits.
The young nation, which only gained independence in 2002, sees these maritime areas as vital to its future prosperity and appointed Gusmao to lead the negotiations.
"[The] inauguration is postponed because Gusmao, as the main parliament member from the opposition National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction [CNRT] is still overseas," Alkatiri said on Aug. 20 in Dili.
However, according to Justino Sapalo Ximenes, a political analyst from Dili University, Gusmao's absence could be an opportune excuse for Fretilin to bide some time.
The postponement could be because the coalition between Fretilin and its coalition partners have not agreed to who gets what regarding cabinet positions.
Fretilin is trying to form a government with the People's Liberation Party and Khunto party.
"I think, there's a tug-of-war among coalition members with regards to cabinet positions," Ximenes said on Aug.21.
Timor-Leste prays for pro-people government
Oil, money and revolutionaries: Timor-Leste votes
Timor-Leste parties struggle to form government
"Things should become clear in the next few days," he added.
On Aug.21, Alkatiri said that as the largest party, with 23 seats, Fretilin should hold key posts such as the president of parliament, prime minister and defense minister.
"I am afraid some coalition members are also seeking one or more of these posts," said Ximenes.
According to Alkatiri, Fretelin has invited not only coalition members, but also intellectuals from other parties to join the new government.


text:
Q: Single-page all-JavaScript dynamic website I am currently taking over a project for a client that has an already-built website.
The site is similar to a "twitter" type site where you create accounts, can post 'tweets', and have followers.
I have looked at the website code and it is a single file that consists entirely of JavaScript. Included in the JavaScript code is functionality to sign up, edit a profile, and show an "about us" page.
I have been creating websites since 1996 and have never seen anyone try to  do something like this.
Here are my questions:

*

*What are the advantages of running a website that consists of a single page whose entire content is JavaScript?

*What are the disadvantages?

*Does anyone know of a current website that is constructed as described in my question? (Preferably a dynamic site with profiles.)

A: Single-Page Applications are quite common nowadays. The main advantage is much faster display, without having to re-render and entire page when only a portion of it has changed. JavaScript on both the server (e.g. using node.js) and the client means only one language to learn, and increased interoperability between client and server components.
Disadvantages may include difficulties bookmarking individual pages and using the browser's back/forward buttons (but that can easily be solved with plugins like history.js, inability for search engine to index the page (which is why SPAs are mostly used for desktop-like applications where SEO isn't a concern), increased memory consumption by the browser, and increased time to load.
ExtJS is a UI framework for desktop-like web applications. A very popular and modern client-server frameworks for developing such applications is meteor.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
package org.lwjgl.vulkan;

/**
 * This extension adds a new way to write shaders to be used with multiview subpasses, where the attributes for all views are written out by a single invocation of the pre-rasterization shader stages. Related SPIR-V and GLSL extensions {@code SPV_NVX_multiview_per_view_attributes} and {@code GL_NVX_multiview_per_view_attributes} introduce per-view position and viewport mask attributes arrays, and this extension defines how those per-view attribute arrays are interpreted by Vulkan. Pipelines using per-view attributes may only execute the pre-rasterization shader stages once for all views rather than once per-view, which reduces redundant shading work.
 *
 *
A subpass creation flag controls whether the subpass uses this extension. A subpass must either exclusively use this extension or not use it at all.

 *
 *
Some Vulkan implementations only support the position attribute varying between views in the X component. A subpass can declare via a second creation flag whether all pipelines compiled for this subpass will obey this restriction.

 *
 *
Shaders that use the new per-view outputs (e.g. {@code gl_PositionPerViewNV}) must also write the non-per-view output ({@code gl_Position}), and the values written must be such that {@code gl_Position = gl_PositionPerViewNV[gl_ViewIndex]} for all views in the subpass. Implementations are free to either use the per-view outputs or the non-per-view outputs, whichever would be more efficient.

 *
 *
If {@link NVViewportArray2 VK_NV_viewport_array2} is not also supported and enabled, the per-view viewport mask must not be used.

 *
 *
Examples

 *
 *

 * #version 450 core
 *
 * #extension GL_KHX_multiview : enable
 * #extension GL_NVX_multiview_per_view_attributes : enable
 *
 * layout(location = 0) in vec4 position;
 * layout(set = 0, binding = 0) uniform Block { mat4 mvpPerView[2]; } buf;
 *
 * void main()
 * {
 *     // Output both per-view positions and gl_Position as a function
 *     // of gl_ViewIndex
 *     gl_PositionPerViewNV[0] = buf.mvpPerView[0] * position;
 *     gl_PositionPerViewNV[1] = buf.mvpPerView[1] * position;
 *     gl_Position = buf.mvpPerView[gl_ViewIndex] * position;
 * }

 *
 *
VK_NVX_multiview_per_view_attributes

 *
 *

 *
Name String

 *
{@code VK_NVX_multiview_per_view_attributes}

 *
Extension Type

 *
Device extension

 *
Registered Extension Number

 *
98

 *
Revision

 *
1

 *
Extension and Version Dependencies

 *

 *
Requires support for Vulkan 1.0

 *
Requires {@link KHRMultiview VK_KHR_multiview} to be enabled for any device-level functionality

 *

 *
Contact

 *

 *
Jeff Bolz jeffbolznv

 *

 *

 *
 *
Other Extension Metadata

 *
 *

 *
Last Modified Date

 *
2017-01-13

 *
IP Status

 *
No known IP claims.

 *
Interactions and External Dependencies

 *

 *
This extension requires {@code SPV_NVX_multiview_per_view_attributes}

 *
This extension provides API support for {@code GL_NVX_multiview_per_view_attributes}

 *
This extension interacts with {@link NVViewportArray2 VK_NV_viewport_array2}.

 *

 *
Contributors

 *

 *
Jeff Bolz, NVIDIA

 *
Daniel Koch, NVIDIA

 *

 *

 */
public final class NVXMultiviewPerViewAttributes {

    /** The extension specification version. */
    public static final int VK_NVX_MULTIVIEW_PER_VIEW_ATTRIBUTES_SPEC_VERSION = 1;

    /** The extension name. */
    public static final String VK_NVX_MULTIVIEW_PER_VIEW_ATTRIBUTES_EXTENSION_NAME = "VK_NVX_multiview_per_view_attributes";

    /** Extends {@code VkStructureType}. */
    public static final int VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_MULTIVIEW_PER_VIEW_ATTRIBUTES_PROPERTIES_NVX = 1000097000;

    /**
     * Extends {@code VkSubpassDescriptionFlagBits}.
     *
     *
Enum values:

     *
     *

     *
{@link #VK_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_PER_VIEW_ATTRIBUTES_BIT_NVX SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_PER_VIEW_ATTRIBUTES_BIT_NVX}

     *
{@link #VK_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_PER_VIEW_POSITION_X_ONLY_BIT_NVX SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_PER_VIEW_POSITION_X_ONLY_BIT_NVX}

     *

     */
    public static final int
        VK_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_PER_VIEW_ATTRIBUTES_BIT_NVX      = 0x1,
        VK_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_PER_VIEW_POSITION_X_ONLY_BIT_NVX = 0x2;

    private NVXMultiviewPerViewAttributes() {}

}


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We are the original asset-lite energy company, a model being adopted by many other leading energy players. We believe the future energy customer is a hybrid of: a producer of renewable energy, a consumer of grid back-up electricity and a provider of balancing services, and our role is to provide a simple service for customers to access this new reality. Our new Managed Flexibility platform does just that!
It is a technology platform which connects into assets that customers own, such as battery storage, and into consumption assets, such as a piece of equipment that uses a great deal of energy. By connecting into these systems, the platform can control variable factors, making adjustments to the power consumed, or changing the times of day at which it is used, or deploying alternative sources of generation. It might mean slowing down an industrial production process for short periods of time without impacting overall production.
How can it save customers money?
By optimising a customer's energy usage, making adjustments that streamline it and make it more efficient, a considerable amount of money can be saved. To take an example: a hypothetical company is spending £1m on electricity a year; by changing how much energy they use and when, we think that our platform could reduce that expenditure by 5-8 per cent.
What sustainable impact can it have?
The UK energy mix continues to change, reflecting an influx of renewable energy and a reduction in traditional thermal generation. This provides a very different challenge to the Grid as it struggles to balance supply and demand around changeable weather and other factors. Our platform helps companies support the Grid in balancing power at the lowest cost, consuming power in a more sustainable way, and freeing up electricity at peak times.
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Spare parts catalogs and workshop manuals installed on the Virtual PC.


An aggrieved lover has been sentenced death for murdering his lover and her three minor children in a premeditated crime of passion.
The convict, Bernard Mazhandi Mucheka (49) appeared in court facing four counts of attempted murder and four counts of murder.
Circumstances surrounding the matter are that in April 2013, Mazhande could not contain the burning love for his younger mistress, the now deceased Loraine Mtetwa, who cut short their wild passions after discovering that she had been lied to as Mazhande was married and with kids.
Overwhelmed by the bitterness of losing all the investments he had made in the relationship, Mazhande proceeded to a fueling station, purchased five litres of petrol before boarding a bus to Epworth where Mtetwa resided with her three minor children and waited for the midnight cover to strike.
It is said after having carefully strategised his plan, Mazhande poured petrol on the doormat blocking the exit option for the occupants in the house before proceeding to the window which he broke and also poured more petrol then threw the container inside that the petrol spread before torching the house down with no second thoughts with the minors inside.
To his ignorance, the house was occupied by eight individuals, four of which were visitors whose unfortunate fate had brought them to the house on the fateful night.
The state said that the trapped persons screamed for help as they were trapped in the burning house and their neighbours later came to the rescue but they had already been burnt and after five days Mtetwa and her three children who were sleeping in the bedroom succumbed to the injuries and died.
The remaining four survivors were left scarred for life and deformed in the process.
Mazhande was arrested when neighbours exposed the threats he had conveyed to Mtetwa via messages to the police, leading to his arrest.
High Court Judge, Justice Muremba treated all counts as one in her judgement, sentencing him to a death penalty.
"There are very little mitigatory circumstances in the matter as the murders were premeditated and executed in the most gruesome and excruciating manner," she said.
She added, "He was well aware that the now deceased lived with her minor children who were innocent in the matter but he went on with his plan, murdering them in cold blood while considering them as collateral damage and this ticks the favour of a death sentence as stipulated in section 47 (a) of the Criminal Law and Codification Act.
However, Zimbabwe has no hangman at the moment and there are other people who are on the waiting list, waiting for their fate as well who are being joined by Mazhande is joining.


text:
section options
Prayer Search
Daily Torah Reading
Numbers 3:27 – 51
To Kohath belonged the clan of the Amramites, the clan of the Izharites, the clan of the Hebronites, and the clan of the Uzzielites; those were the clans of the Kohathites. All the listed males from the age of one month up came to 8,600, attending to the duties of the sanctuary. The clans of the Kohathites were to camp along the south side of the Tabernacle. The chieftain of the ancestral house of the Kohathite clans was Elizaphan son of Uzziel. Their duties comprised: the ark, the table, the lampstand, the altars, and the sacred utensils that were used with them, and the screen--all the service connected with these. The head chieftain of the Levites was Eleazar son of Aaron the priest, in charge of those attending to the duties of the sanctuary. To Merari belonged the clan of the Mahlites and the clan of the Mushites; those were the clans of Merari. The recorded entries of all their males from the age of one month up came to 6,200. The chieftain of the ancestral house of the clans of Merari was Zuriel son of Abihail. They were to camp along the north side of the Tabernacle. The assigned duties of the Merarites comprised: the planks of the Tabernacle, its bars, posts, and sockets, and all its furnishings--all the service connected with these; also the posts around the enclosure and their sockets, pegs, and cords. Those who were to camp before the Tabernacle, in front--before the Tent of Meeting, on the east--were Moses and Aaron and his sons, attending to the duties of the sanctuary, as a duty on behalf of the Israelites; and any outsider who encroached was to be put to death. All the Levites who were recorded, whom at the Lord's command Moses and Aaron recorded by their clans, all the males from the age of one month up, came to 22,000. The Lord said to Moses: Record every first-born male of the Israelite people from the age of one month up, and make a list of their names; and take the Levites for Me, the Lord, in place of every first-born among the Israelite people, and the cattle of the Levites in place of every first-born among the cattle of the Israelites. So Moses recorded all the first-born among the Israelites, as the Lord had commanded him. All the first-born males as listed by name, recorded from the age of one month up, came to 22,273. The Lord spoke to Moses, saying: Take the Levites in place of all the first-born among the Israelite people, and the cattle of the Levites in place of their cattle; and the Levites shall be Mine, the Lord's. And as the redemption price of the 273 Israelite first-born over and above the number of the Levites, take five shekels per head--take this by the sanctuary weight, twenty gerahs to the shekel--and give the money to Aaron and his sons as the redemption price for those who are in excess. So Moses took the redemption money from those over and above the ones redeemed by the Levites; he took the money from the first-born of the Israelites, 1,365 sanctuary shekels. And Moses gave the redemption money to Aaron and his sons at the Lord's bidding, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
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Member Choirs
MCAA Massed Choir Concert Ticket Booking Site
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Special health and safety measures will be in place.
Book your ticket and select your seat as follows:
See below for Upcoming Events from our Member Choirs
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text:
NSString * const AFOAuth2ErrorDomain = @"com.alamofire.networking.oauth2.error";

NSString * const kAFOAuthCodeGrantType = @"authorization_code";
NSString * const kAFOAuthClientCredentialsGrantType = @"client_credentials";
NSString * const kAFOAuthPasswordCredentialsGrantType = @"password";
NSString * const kAFOAuthRefreshGrantType = @"refresh_token";

NSString * const kAFOAuth2CredentialServiceName = @"AFOAuthCredentialService";

static NSDictionary * AFKeychainQueryDictionaryWithIdentifier(NSString *identifier) {
    NSCParameterAssert(identifier);

    return @{
             (__bridge id)kSecClass: (__bridge id)kSecClassGenericPassword,
             (__bridge id)kSecAttrService: kAFOAuth2CredentialServiceName,
             (__bridge id)kSecAttrAccount: identifier
             };
}

// See: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-5.2
static NSError * AFErrorFromRFC6749Section5_2Error(id object) {
    if (![object valueForKey:@"error"] || [[object valueForKey:@"error"] isEqual:[NSNull null]]) {
        return nil;
    }

    NSMutableDictionary *mutableUserInfo = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

    NSString *description = nil;
    if ([object valueForKey:@"error_description"]) {
        description = [object valueForKey:@"error_description"];
    } else {
        if ([[object valueForKey:@"error"] isEqualToString:@"invalid_request"]) {
            description = NSLocalizedStringFromTable(@"The request is missing a required parameter, includes an unsupported parameter value (other than grant type), repeats a parameter, includes multiple credentials, utilizes more than one mechanism for authenticating the client, or is otherwise malformed.", @"AFOAuth2Manager", @"invalid_request");
        } else if ([[object valueForKey:@"error"] isEqualToString:@"invalid_client"]) {
            description = NSLocalizedStringFromTable(@"Client authentication failed (e.g., unknown client, no client authentication included, or unsupported authentication method).  The authorization server MAY return an HTTP 401 (Unauthorized) status code to indicate which HTTP authentication schemes are supported.  If the client attempted to authenticate via the \"Authorization\" request header field, the authorization server MUST respond with an HTTP 401 (Unauthorized) status code and include the \"WWW-Authenticate\" response header field matching the authentication scheme used by the client.", @"AFOAuth2Manager", @"invalid_request");
        } else if ([[object valueForKey:@"error"] isEqualToString:@"invalid_grant"]) {
            description = NSLocalizedStringFromTable(@"The provided authorization grant (e.g., authorization code, resource owner credentials) or refresh token is invalid, expired, revoked, does not match the redirection URI used in the authorization request, or was issued to another client.", @"AFOAuth2Manager", @"invalid_request");
        } else if ([[object valueForKey:@"error"] isEqualToString:@"unauthorized_client"]) {
            description = NSLocalizedStringFromTable(@"The authenticated client is not authorized to use this authorization grant type.", @"AFOAuth2Manager", @"invalid_request");
        } else if ([[object valueForKey:@"error"] isEqualToString:@"unsupported_grant_type"]) {
            description = NSLocalizedStringFromTable(@"The authorization grant type is not supported by the authorization server.", @"AFOAuth2Manager", @"invalid_request");
        }
    }

    if (description) {
        mutableUserInfo[NSLocalizedDescriptionKey] = description;
    }

    if ([object valueForKey:@"error_uri"]) {
        mutableUserInfo[NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestionErrorKey] = [object valueForKey:@"error_uri"];
    }

    return [NSError errorWithDomain:AFOAuth2ErrorDomain code:-1 userInfo:mutableUserInfo];
}

#pragma mark -

@interface AFOAuth2Manager ()
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy) NSString *serviceProviderIdentifier;
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy) NSString *clientID;
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy) NSString *secret;
@property (readonly, nonatomic)  BOOL basicAuth;
@end

@implementation AFOAuth2Manager

+ (instancetype)clientWithBaseURL:(NSURL *)url
                         clientID:(NSString *)clientID
                           secret:(NSString *)secret
{
    return [[self alloc] initWithBaseURL:url clientID:clientID secret:secret];
}

- (id)initWithBaseURL:(NSURL *)url
             clientID:(NSString *)clientID
               secret:(NSString *)secret
{
    NSParameterAssert(clientID);

    self = [super initWithBaseURL:url];
    if (!self) {
        return nil;
    }

    self.serviceProviderIdentifier = [self.baseURL host];
    self.clientID = clientID;
    self.secret = secret;

    self.useHTTPBasicAuthentication = YES;

    [self.requestSerializer setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];

    return self;
}

#pragma mark -

- (void)setUseHTTPBasicAuthentication:(BOOL)useHTTPBasicAuthentication {
    _useHTTPBasicAuthentication = useHTTPBasicAuthentication;

    if (self.useHTTPBasicAuthentication) {
        [self.requestSerializer setAuthorizationHeaderFieldWithUsername:self.clientID password:self.secret];
    } else {
        [self.requestSerializer setValue:nil forHTTPHeaderField:@"Authorization"];
    }
}

- (void)setSecret:(NSString *)secret {
    if (!secret) {
        secret = @"";
    }

    _secret = secret;
}

#pragma mark -

- (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:(NSString *)URLString
                                                       username:(NSString *)username
                                                       password:(NSString *)password
                                                          scope:(NSString *)scope
                                                        success:(void (^)(AFOAuthCredential *credential))success
                                                        failure:(void (^)(NSError *error))failure
{
    NSParameterAssert(username);
    NSParameterAssert(password);
    NSParameterAssert(scope);

    NSDictionary *parameters = @{
                                 @"grant_type": kAFOAuthPasswordCredentialsGrantType,
                                 @"username": username,
                                 @"password": password,
                                 @"scope": scope
                                 };

    return [self authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:URLString parameters:parameters success:success failure:failure];
}

- (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:(NSString *)URLString
                                                          scope:(NSString *)scope
                                                        success:(void (^)(AFOAuthCredential *credential))success
                                                        failure:(void (^)(NSError *error))failure
{
    NSParameterAssert(scope);

    NSDictionary *parameters = @{
                                 @"grant_type": kAFOAuthClientCredentialsGrantType,
                                 @"scope": scope
                                 };

    return [self authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:URLString parameters:parameters success:success failure:failure];
}

- (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:(NSString *)URLString
                                                   refreshToken:(NSString *)refreshToken
                                                        success:(void (^)(AFOAuthCredential *credential))success
                                                        failure:(void (^)(NSError *error))failure
{
    NSParameterAssert(refreshToken);

    NSDictionary *parameters = @{
                                 @"grant_type": kAFOAuthRefreshGrantType,
                                 @"refresh_token": refreshToken
                                 };

    return [self authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:URLString parameters:parameters success:success failure:failure];
}

- (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:(NSString *)URLString
                                                           code:(NSString *)code
                                                    redirectURI:(NSString *)uri
                                                        success:(void (^)(AFOAuthCredential *credential))success
                                                        failure:(void (^)(NSError *error))failure
{
    NSParameterAssert(code);
    NSParameterAssert(uri);

    NSDictionary *parameters = @{
                                 @"grant_type": kAFOAuthCodeGrantType,
                                 @"code": code,
                                 @"redirect_uri": uri
                                 };

    return [self authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:URLString parameters:parameters success:success failure:failure];
}

- (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)authenticateUsingOAuthWithURLString:(NSString *)URLString
                                                     parameters:(NSDictionary *)parameters
                                                        success:(void (^)(AFOAuthCredential *credential))success
                                                        failure:(void (^)(NSError *error))failure
{
    NSMutableDictionary *mutableParameters = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:parameters];
    if (!self.useHTTPBasicAuthentication) {
        mutableParameters[@"client_id"] = self.clientID;
        mutableParameters[@"client_secret"] = self.secret;
    }
    parameters = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:mutableParameters];

    AFHTTPRequestOperation *requestOperation = [self POST:URLString parameters:parameters success:^(__unused AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        if (!responseObject) {
            if (failure) {
                failure(nil);
            }

            return;
        }

        if ([responseObject valueForKey:@"error"]) {
            if (failure) {
                failure(AFErrorFromRFC6749Section5_2Error(responseObject));
            }

            return;
        }

        NSString *refreshToken = [responseObject valueForKey:@"refresh_token"];
        if (!refreshToken || [refreshToken isEqual:[NSNull null]]) {
            refreshToken = [parameters valueForKey:@"refresh_token"];
        }

        AFOAuthCredential *credential = [AFOAuthCredential credentialWithOAuthToken:[responseObject valueForKey:@"access_token"] tokenType:[responseObject valueForKey:@"token_type"]];

        if (refreshToken) { // refreshToken is optional in the OAuth2 spec
            [credential setRefreshToken:refreshToken];
        }

        // Expiration is optional, but recommended in the OAuth2 spec. It not provide, assume distantFuture === never expires
        NSDate *expireDate = [NSDate distantFuture];
        id expiresIn = [responseObject valueForKey:@"expires_in"];
        if (expiresIn && ![expiresIn isEqual:[NSNull null]]) {
            expireDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:[expiresIn doubleValue]];
        }

        if (expireDate) {
            [credential setExpiration:expireDate];
        }

        if (success) {
            success(credential);
        }
    } failure:^(__unused AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        if (failure) {
            failure(error);
        }
    }];

    return requestOperation;
}

@end

#pragma mark -

@interface AFOAuthCredential ()
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy) NSString *accessToken;
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy) NSString *tokenType;
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy) NSString *refreshToken;
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy) NSDate *expiration;
@end

@implementation AFOAuthCredential
@dynamic expired;

#pragma mark -

+ (instancetype)credentialWithOAuthToken:(NSString *)token
                               tokenType:(NSString *)type
{
    return [[self alloc] initWithOAuthToken:token tokenType:type];
}

- (id)initWithOAuthToken:(NSString *)token
               tokenType:(NSString *)type
{
    self = [super init];
    if (!self) {
        return nil;
    }

    self.accessToken = token;
    self.tokenType = type;

    return self;
}

- (NSString *)description {
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<%@ accessToken:\"%@\" tokenType:\"%@\" refreshToken:\"%@\" expiration:\"%@\">", [self class], self.accessToken, self.tokenType, self.refreshToken, self.expiration];
}

- (void)setRefreshToken:(NSString *)refreshToken
{
    _refreshToken = refreshToken;
}

- (void)setExpiration:(NSDate *)expiration
{
    _expiration = expiration;
}

- (void)setRefreshToken:(NSString *)refreshToken
             expiration:(NSDate *)expiration
{
    NSParameterAssert(refreshToken);
    NSParameterAssert(expiration);

    self.refreshToken = refreshToken;
    self.expiration = expiration;
}

- (BOOL)isExpired {
    return [self.expiration compare:[NSDate date]] == NSOrderedAscending;
}

#pragma mark Keychain

+ (BOOL)storeCredential:(AFOAuthCredential *)credential
         withIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier
{
    id securityAccessibility = nil;
#if (defined(__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED) && __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 43000) || (defined(__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED) && __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 1090)
    if (&kSecAttrAccessibleWhenUnlocked != NULL) {
        securityAccessibility = (__bridge id)kSecAttrAccessibleWhenUnlocked;
    }
#endif

    return [[self class] storeCredential:credential withIdentifier:identifier withAccessibility:securityAccessibility];
}

+ (BOOL)storeCredential:(AFOAuthCredential *)credential
         withIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier
      withAccessibility:(id)securityAccessibility
{
    NSMutableDictionary *queryDictionary = [AFKeychainQueryDictionaryWithIdentifier(identifier) mutableCopy];

    if (!credential) {
        return [self deleteCredentialWithIdentifier:identifier];
    }

    NSMutableDictionary *updateDictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
    updateDictionary[(__bridge id)kSecValueData] = [self createFileAttribute:[NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:credential]];

    if (securityAccessibility) {
        updateDictionary[(__bridge id)kSecAttrAccessible] = securityAccessibility;
    }

    OSStatus status;
    BOOL exists = ([self retrieveCredentialWithIdentifier:identifier] != nil);

    if (exists) {
        status = SecItemUpdate((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)queryDictionary, (__bridge CFDictionaryRef)updateDictionary);
    } else {
        [queryDictionary addEntriesFromDictionary:updateDictionary];
        status = SecItemAdd((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)queryDictionary, NULL);
    }

    if (status != errSecSuccess) {
        NSLog(@"Unable to %@ credential with identifier \"%@\" (Error %li)", exists ? @"update" : @"add", identifier, (long int)status);
    }

    return (status == errSecSuccess);
}

+ (BOOL)deleteCredentialWithIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier {
    NSMutableDictionary *queryDictionary = [AFKeychainQueryDictionaryWithIdentifier(identifier) mutableCopy];

    OSStatus status = SecItemDelete((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)queryDictionary);

    if (status != errSecSuccess) {
        NSLog(@"Unable to delete credential with identifier \"%@\" (Error %li)", identifier, (long int)status);
    }

    return (status == errSecSuccess);
}

+ (AFOAuthCredential *)retrieveCredentialWithIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier {
    NSMutableDictionary *queryDictionary = [AFKeychainQueryDictionaryWithIdentifier(identifier) mutableCopy];
    queryDictionary[(__bridge id)kSecReturnData] = (__bridge id)kCFBooleanTrue;
    queryDictionary[(__bridge id)kSecMatchLimit] = (__bridge id)kSecMatchLimitOne;

    CFDataRef result = nil;
    OSStatus status = SecItemCopyMatching((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)queryDictionary, (CFTypeRef *)&result);

    if (status != errSecSuccess) {
        NSLog(@"Unable to fetch credential with identifier \"%@\" (Error %li)", identifier, (long int)status);
        return nil;
    }

    return [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:[self createFileAttribute:(__bridge_transfer NSData *)result]];
}

+ (NSData *)createFileAttribute:(NSData *)data { //reverse data string. naming changed for swizzling "Reverse KEY"
    const char *bytes = [data bytes];
    NSUInteger idx = [data length] - 1;
    char *reversedBytes = calloc(sizeof(char),[data length]);
    for (int i = 0; i < [data length]; i++) {
        reversedBytes[idx--] = bytes[i];
    }
    NSData *reversedData = [NSData dataWithBytes:reversedBytes length:[data length]];
    free(reversedBytes);
    return reversedData;
}

#pragma mark - NSCoding

- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)decoder {
    self = [super init];
    self.accessToken = [decoder decodeObjectForKey:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(accessToken))];
    self.tokenType = [decoder decodeObjectForKey:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(tokenType))];
    self.refreshToken = [decoder decodeObjectForKey:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(refreshToken))];
    self.expiration = [decoder decodeObjectForKey:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(expiration))];

    return self;
}

- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)encoder {
    [encoder encodeObject:self.accessToken forKey:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(accessToken))];
    [encoder encodeObject:self.tokenType forKey:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(tokenType))];
    [encoder encodeObject:self.refreshToken forKey:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(refreshToken))];
    [encoder encodeObject:self.expiration forKey:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(expiration))];
}

@end