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Linguistics thread
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Vlürch
Location: Roihuvuori, Helsinki
Country: Finland (Suomi)
Re: Linguistics thread
Postby Vlürch » 2019-08-20, 17:18
linguoboy wrote: I feel like a lot of what is expressed by these sorts of particles in Korean would be handled by sentence adverbs in European languages, at least Germanic ones. In at least some situations, I would translate a Korean sentence with -이야 into a German one with ja.
Hmm, alright. My German is extremely newborn-level, but AFAIK ja like that corresponds to niin and kyllähän in Finnish, especially in responses? For example, niin, kyllähän ihmisen pitää syödä ("yeah, of course a human has to eat"). The suffix can also be attached to verbs, so (niin,) pitäähän ihmisen syödä means the same thing, although (at least to me) that feels like there's an implication that it's a response to someone suggesting that people don't have to eat.
Strangely, the same suffix attached to nouns has an entirely different implication: for example, ruokaahan ei heitetä hukkaan means "food is not thrown to waste" as an imperative/prohibitive that's a degree stronger than ruokaa ei heitetä hukkaan, but in some cases like sinähän syöt lautasen tyhjäksi ("you will eat until your plate is empty") it could be either an imperative, "you WILL eat until your plate is empty", or a mirative, "whoa, you'll eat all of it". No idea why it's different, but well. I don't think there's a suffix in standard Finnish to express "of course" used for nouns, but I wouldn't be surprised if some dialects had one?
So, is the Korean -이야 pretty much the same thing as Finnish kyllähän or the suffix -han/hän when attached to verbs, except it's attached to nouns? And German uses ja for all of that? And they're more "neutral", as in they're not restricted to responses? (Not that the Finnish ones are either, really, but they have that kind of an implication.) If so, I get it. If not... I'm incredibly stupid...
Vlürch wrote: Hmm, alright. My German is extremely newborn-level, but AFAIK ja like that corresponds to niin and kyllähän in Finnish, especially in responses? For example, niin, kyllähän ihmisen pitää syödä ("yeah, of course a human has to eat"). The suffix can also be attached to verbs, so (niin,) pitäähän ihmisen syödä means the same thing, although (at least to me) that feels like there's an implication that it's a response to someone suggesting that people don't have to eat.
Yeah, I'm talking about the use of ja as a sentence adverb rather than an interjection. The implication is that this is something the listening knows already, e.g.: "Kochen ist ja kein Hobby, man muss ja essen" ("Cooking isn't a hobby, you know, a person's gotta eat").
If you were contradicting someone, you'd use doch, e.g.: "Aber man muss doch essen, um leistungsfähig zu sein!". ("You've gotta eat if you're going to get anything done!") [A response to someone suggesting a person should fast for better health.]
Vlürch wrote: So, is the Korean -이야 pretty much the same thing as Finnish kyllähän or the suffix -han/hän when attached to verbs, except it's attached to nouns?
No, I wouldn't say it's the equivalent of either of those uses.
This page has some examples: https://koreantutors.wordpress.com/2017/01/24/%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%BC/.
Ultimately, though, I would urge you not to try to understand its usage in reference to suffixes or words you already know. IME it's one of the trickier Korean particles to master because it doesn't have a near equivalent in other languages.
linguoboy wrote: Yeah, I'm talking about the use of ja as a sentence adverb rather than an interjection. The implication is that this is something the listening knows already, e.g.: "Kochen ist ja kein Hobby, man muss ja essen" ("Cooking isn't a hobby, you know, a person's gotta eat").
Interesting. The fact that there can be ja kein is kinda funny, even though in Finnish there can be ei kyllä which is pretty much the same but even weirder logically since it's literally "no yes" (but meaning-wise it's more like the doch), like tästä ei kyllä tule mitään ("well, nothing will come of this") or minä/mä en kyllä juokse ("I'm not going to run"), and actually the -han/hän suffix can be used for this purpose too, like minähän/mähän en juokse, which can be intensified with ja (literally "and", kinda funny how it's a false friend with the German ja; it's apparently borrowed from Proto-Germanic, too, lol), as in ja minähän/mähän en juokse ("I will NOT run").
I swear I'm not trying to teach you Finnish...
linguoboy wrote: No, I wouldn't say it's the equivalent of either of those uses.
Ah, ok. Pretty sure I get it now, seems really logical and convenient, surprising if there isn't anything exactly equivalent in any other languages because it just seems like a highly practical "elementary thing" or whatever.
linguoboy wrote: Ultimately, though, I would urge you not to try to understand its usage in reference to suffixes or words you already know.
Mmh, probably. I have a bad habit of trying to learn things in other languages by mentally mapping them to Finnish and English (and langauges where I've learned the thing in question), which usually works well enough with nouns and adjectives as long as I can get a good mental match (since I'm a very visual thinker) and with inflections and whatnot if they're straightforward enough, but with verbs it's already shaky... so yeah, for things like particles and adverbs and whatnot a better method would be beneficial, but I have no idea how.
linguoboy wrote: IME it's one of the trickier Korean particles to master because it doesn't have a near equivalent in other languages.
Well, you just gave me another reason to wanderlust Korean, if it has stuff like this.
Maybe I'll finally have to get around to learning Hangul for real, even if it'll probably once again end up in total failure because to me a lot of the syllable components just look too similar to differentiate even if I try my hardest (or at least that's how it's been on my previous attempts). Actually, the same is true of the different plosives and sibilants... and how it's Korean pop stars, etc. who've had so much plastic surgery that a lot of them look the same...
Vlürch wrote: Well, even though that may have been Chomsky's intent, ideas could be argued to have colours the same way certain colours can be associated with certain political/religious/whatever values, even if it depends on the culture and context.
That's a metaphorical extension of the concepts of ideas and colors, though. You could do this with literally anything. I think perhaps Chomsky was also trying to use this as an example of how humans are innately (according to him) able to determine what is grammatically or semantically acceptable in their (our ) native languages.
Random question: are there any (predominantly) VSO or VOS languages with topic markers (or focus particles or whatever),
Yes. Malagasy is VOS and has a focus particle (no).
and if so, how does that work? Would verbs be topicalised all the time, and/or prepositional topic markers be used? Or would they be used only when the verb-initial word order is deviated from?
From what I vaguely remember, whatever is being focused comes first in the sentence and is immediately followed by no, which is then followed by the rest of the sentence. Everything else in the sentence stays the same. Here's a paper on it.
Postby Naava » 2019-08-20, 21:40
Vlürch wrote: . . .and actually the -han/hän suffix can be used for this purpose too, like minähän/mähän en juokse, which can be intensified with ja (literally "and", kinda funny how it's a false friend with the German ja; it's apparently borrowed from Proto-Germanic, too, lol), as in ja minähän/mähän en juokse ("I will NOT run").
Don't forget ja minähän en kyllä juokse!
Don't stop, we need more Finnish learners here!
Linguaphile
Postby Linguaphile » 2019-08-21, 3:16
linguoboy wrote:
After reading that page, while I agree that it's best to learn particles like this in each language independently and not rely too much on direct translation from another language, I do think there is extensive overlap in the way Korean -이야 is used and the way Estonian uses küll, ju and -ki/-gi. (As with Korean -이야, these don't have a direct equivalent in English.) Sometimes -이야 would be translated as küll and other times as ju or -ki/-gi, so it really isn't the same as any one of them, it is just sometimes equivalent to each. Perhaps knowing that they are used that way, knowing that there is a lot of overlap in meaning but not an exact match, could help? It is not the same, but each of these three words seem to be a much closer match than any English words. This probably applies to the Finnish equivalents as well.
Giving it a try with some of the sentences from the article:
김치야 가장 유명한 한국 음식 중 하나니까.
Kimchi is of course one of the most well-known Korean food.
Kimchi on ju üks kuulsamaid korea toite.
피자를 먹고 싶기야 하지만 다이어트 중이라 안 돼요.
I do want to eat pizza, but I can't because I'm on a diet.
Tahangi pitsat süüa, kuid ma ei saa, kuna olen dieedil.
파티에 가기야 하겠지.
I will go to the party.
Lähen peole küll.
장미가 예쁘기야 한데, 너무 흔해요.
Roses are pretty, but they are too ordinary.
Roosad ongi ilusad, aga liiga tavalised.
동물 중에서 치타가 제일 빠르기야 하지
Cheetahs are, of course, the fastest among animals
Gepardid on ju kõigist loomadest kiireimad.
vijayjohn wrote: That's a metaphorical extension of the concepts of ideas and colors, though. You could do this with literally anything.
Mmh, true...
vijayjohn wrote: I think perhaps Chomsky was also trying to use this as an example of how humans are innately (according to him) able to determine what is grammatically or semantically acceptable in their (our ) native languages.
Probably. I wonder what Chomsky thinks about pidgins that don't have a standardised variety or anything. Trying to google for answers, I couldn't find anything... it seems like Chomsky hasn't explicitly ever mentioned pidgins? Or maybe I just suck at googling...
vijayjohn wrote: Yes. Malagasy is VOS and has a focus particle (no).
Oohh, Malagasy... every time there's some weird feature I can think of, but doubt whether it exists, it turns out at least one language spoken in Africa has it.
vijayjohn wrote: From what I vaguely remember, whatever is being focused comes first in the sentence and is immediately followed by no, which is then followed by the rest of the sentence. Everything else in the sentence stays the same. Here's a paper on it.
Interesting, thanks.
Naava wrote: Don't stop, we need more Finnish learners here!
Considering the best way to make people want to not learn Finnish is to tell them about Finnish, because they'll end up considering it either too SAE to be interesting (if they speak non-SAE languages) or not SAE enough (if they only speak SAE languages), the best way to encourage people to learn Finnish is probably to not post about Finnish.
...but yeah, more people should learn Finnish. It's actually a pretty cute language, and we as Finns tend to be too hard on it and probably drive away learners by being like "noooo don't learn Finnish, it's useless and sounds ugly".
Linguaphile wrote: This probably applies to the Finnish equivalents as well.
Yeah, based on those examples, I would say it's similar, and actually the first one in particular could be translated with the suffix -han/hän on the noun to have pretty much that same implication:
Kimchihän on yksi kuuluisimmista korealaisista ruoista.
In some contexts this could have an additional implication, though. Like, a kind of smugness if it was in response to someone telling you they ate kimchi and you assumed they were trying to be all cool by flaunting their expertise on Korean cuisine, which, in all honesty, most Finns would probably think, and as such the appropriate response would be to let them know that everyone and their grandma knows what kimchi is.
But that implication of smugness/snarkiness/whatever isn't inherent, it could be a neutral statement of it being common knowledge that kimchi is one of the most famous Korean foods.
With the second one getting the same implication in there is a bit more tricky. Formally the conditional would be used, and at least to me it looks/sounds weird without it if the rest of the sentence is formal, so:
Kyllä minä haluaisin syödä pitsaa, mutta en voi koska olen dieetillä. (formal)
Kyl mä haluun pizzaa, mut emmä voi kun oon dieetillä. (informal)
As for the third one, it has so many possibilities and none of them singularly feels the most natural to me, but this translation would be the most concise. It almost feels like it requires a follow-up about how you'll be running late or something, though...
Menen kyllä juhliin.
And the one about roses, I'd say formally the most exact translation implication-wise has the -han/hän suffix on the verb:
Ovathan ruusut kauniita, mutta liian tavanomaisia.
For the last one, I feel like I have to include at least these three possibilities:
Ovathan gepardit nopeimpien eläinten joukossa.
Gepardithan ovat nopeimpien eläinten joukossa.
Kyllähän gepardit ovat nopeimpien eläinten joukossa.
There are subtle differences in the implications of all three, which I'm not professional enough to explain in detail and the exact implications might vary depending on the context, so under some circumstances the order of the below matches could possibly even be different, but basically something like:
1) well, cheetahs are among the fastest animals
2) well, of course cheetahs are among the fastest animals
3) of course, cheetahs are among the fastest animals
...if that makes any sense.
All in all, they're similar but I get Linguoboy's point about them not being equivalent. The Finnish and Estonian ones presumably match too closely with the English and German ones to be considered similar enough to the Korean to be worthy crutches, even if there's a lot of overlap?
Vlürch wrote:
Considering the best way to make people want to not learn Finnish is to tell them about Finnish
No need to tell, just add Finnish here and there until they've learnt to speak it.
I would use conditional even informally. The indicative sounds odd to me. (Btw is there a reason why your pizza is pitsa in formal language but pizza in informal language? Please don't tell me you pronounce them differently...)
Naava wrote: No need to tell, just add Finnish here and there until they've learnt to speak it.
Naava wrote: I would use conditional even informally. The indicative sounds odd to me.
So would I, most of the time, but I think with the implication of that sentence it'd be fitting to use the indicative. Of course, though, it could be misunderstood as "FUCK MY DIET, GIVE ME PIZZA" so using the conditional would probably be better unless it was obvious that the pizza wasn't actually wanted; that's why I also left out the syödä.
Naava wrote: (Btw is there a reason why your pizza is pitsa in formal language but pizza in informal language? Please don't tell me you pronounce them differently...)
Just that pitsa is supposed to be used formally. As for pronunciation, of course they'd be the exact same; I'm pretty sure pizza is one of the few words where I don't pronounce <z> as /t͡ʃ/ or whatever, because that'd just be... really weird... Not that pronouncing <z> as /t͡ʃ/ is ever not weird, but like... even weirder...
Naava wrote:
FINNISH STUDY GR...!
(Also Hungarian and Uralic study gr...!)
Vlürch wrote: I wonder what Chomsky thinks about pidgins that don't have a standardised variety or anything. Trying to google for answers, I couldn't find anything... it seems like Chomsky hasn't explicitly ever mentioned pidgins?
Chomsky is known for not testing his theories empirically and mostly focusing on English.
Well, probably other languages outside Africa have some of these features, too; it's just that Eurasian languages don't (or at least they're harder to find among Eurasian languages), and sometimes, it's easier to find data on African languages than on other non-Eurasian languages.
Ei kestä!
All in all, they're similar but I get Linguoboy's point about them not being equivalent.
Yeah, I think you could say something similar about -അല്ലോ -[əlˈloː] in Malayalam, too (for example), but I don't think that's equivalent, either.
Synalepha
Postby Synalepha » 2019-11-30, 19:31
Greetings all I need someone to help me navigate the bewildering world of syntax. I don't study linguistics at an academic level but I would like to find some good university book on syntax because I have great passion for it (no dumbed-down stuff for the general public please!) however it seems to be not so quite an easy task. At my local library I've found Element of Structural Syntax by Lucien Tesnière and I wonder if it could be a good starting point. I do have many misgivings about it because the guy is quite old indeed and because his framework is dependency grammar (apparently he's the father of it?) which I don't know how accredited it is nowadays. What do you you think? Do you have any good alternative? Where should I start?
Last edited by Synalepha on 2019-12-11, 22:26, edited 1 time in total.
Osias
Real Name: Osias Junior
Location: Vitória
Country: Brazil (Brasil)
Contact Osias
Postby Osias » 2019-12-02, 21:13
I have no idea how to answer that but I'm posting here just to say welcome to our forum!
2017 est l'année du et de l' pour moi. Parle avec moi en eux, s'il te plait.
Postby vijayjohn » 2019-12-10, 9:09
I recommend Syntax: A Generative Introduction by Andrew Carnie.
EDIT: And welcome!
vijayjohn wrote: I recommend Syntax: A Generative Introduction by Andrew Carnie.
Osias wrote: I have no idea how to answer that but I'm posting here just to say welcome to our forum!
Postby md0 » 2020-01-01, 21:06
I often bring up the issue of the declining genitive (ha!) in modern Greek as an interesting example of ongoing language change that has actually gone back and forth during my lifetime and today I came across someone's PhD thesis on the topic and I can finally cite someone when I bring this up
https://brill.com/view/journals/jgl/15/ ... anguage=en
The state of the genitive in my variety is quite mixed, because syncretism with the accusative in the plural is very common* ( το φαΐν τους σσιύλλους, το φαΐ των σκύλλων), yet because of different stress patterns we can more easily form genitive plurals that don't sound weird ( οι κότες, των κότων, οι κότες, των *κοτών), and we have verbs that select direct objects in the genitive ( μεν τζιήζεις της πρίζας, μην αγγίζεις την μπρίζα) --apparently that's a partitive use.
Maybe Der Dativ ist dem Genitiv sein Tod, but maybe it's too soon to say that η αιτιατική ένι το τέλος τες γενικές.
* An example spotted in the wild, on a news site headline: https://i.imgur.com/ELWbVo3.png
"If you like your clause structure, you can keep your clause structure"
Stable: Current:
Legacy:
Do yinz know whether there are exercises (that can be found online possibly) to practice the Leipzig Glossing Rules?
Postby Synalepha » 2020-01-09, 6:56
Do linguists have any idea what the factors are that make a language more conservative than others?
Like, it's not difficult to immagine why Icelandic is so conservative, it's spoken on an island in the middle of the Atlantic after all. But why is German also quite conservative when it comes to Germanic languages? Is it because High German was from the montainous part of the country? But then again, how did Lithuanian manage to remain the most conservative of all IE languages when it's spoken in a flatland with no natural separation from other linguistic communities AFAIK?
Marshes were a significant barrier to movement in premodern times. That's what preserved Frisian in many areas. The fact that Lithuania was one of the last European nations to be Christianised made a difference in terms of how much other languages could influence it.
Standard German is considerably more conservative than spoken Upper German dialects, which mark only two cases on nouns (N/A and dative) and express both the past tense and subjunctive mood of verbs periphrastically. Moreover, the Second Consonant Shift and diphthongisation both begin (and go further) in the Upper German area.
The fact that Lithuania was one of the last European nations to be Christianised made a difference in terms of how much other languages could influence it.
Could you elaborate on that?
But this is today or has it always been like this? (Ok, not literally "always" but ever since Standard German has been a thing)
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1924—Joe Jackson Trial
1919 World Series | Collyer's Eye | Hugh Fullerton | The Verdict | Joe Jackson Trial | I Recall | This Is the Truth! | Chick Gandil
Who is Frank G. Menke?
Frank G. Menke is one of the best known baseball authorities in the country. He has been associated with the game for more than 15 years, has studied the men who control its affairs, and known the curves of the men who play it. In this series Menke is seeking to write the truth. He has no ax to grind, no personal animus to get out of his system, but simply believes the public should know the facts and has set them down under his name. Menke, in this, the first article, and in subsequent articles, will give readers of The Sporting News any hitherto unpublished facts about the late gambling episode which should prove beneficial, not detrimental, to the game. With his personal knowledge of the case and the facts he has gleaned from the Milwaukee suit, he has woven together an unusually interesting series of stories.
The Sporting News April 10, 1924
EDITOR'S NOTE—This is the first of a series of four articles by Frank G. Menke which emphasize the amazing admission by Charles A. Comiskey that he knew the World's Series games of 1919 were crooked two days they had been played. Other chapters of the morbid Series also were written by Comiskey in his testimony in the Jackson case and will be reviewed in these articles.
What Menke Charges: Exactly one day after the World's Series of 1919 had been played, Joe Jackson walked into the White Sox office, displayed $5,000 in cash, and informed Harry Grabiner, the club secretary, that he had been given that sum by fellow players who had "thrown" the Series to the Reds.
Two days after the Series had been played, Charles A. Comiskey, president of the White Sox, knew the identity of the seven White Sox players who had been tools of the crooked gamblers.
Despite the knowledge which Grabiner had, and the knowledge which Comiskey had, neither man made a determined effort to ferret out the real secret of the World's Series crookedness of 1919—and both of the officials permitted all of the crooked men to resume play in the White Sox line-up of 1920.
The startling facts above and many others, were established on the witness stand in Milwaukee in February, 1924, when Joe Jackson's trial against the White Sox for $17,500 salary bonus and interest, was waged to successful conclusion by "Shoeless Joe." For some strange reason, the real findings which that trial produced, and the amazing admissions made by Comiskey and by Grabiner were either buried in the general news stories—or, in some way, deleted. They never found their way into the public print.
The testimony which that trial produced writes an entirely new chapter concerning the crooked Series—and its bewildering aftermath. It's a story, frankly admitted by Comiskey, whereby he knew that some of his players had been crooked, but rather than wreck the ball club, he permitted them to play the following season.
Ben Johnson Got Facts.
Only when Ban Johnson became suspicious and started an investigation did Comiskey make a bluff investigation of his own. And, to complete the bluff that he knew nothing about the truth to the reports that the Series was crooked, Comiskey boldly announced to the world:
I will give $10,000 to any man who can prove to me that any of my players were crooked.
Comiskey made that declaration long after he knew, according to his own sworn testimony, that the Series had been crooked; and long after he knew exactly which men had been crooked, and long after he knew practically all of the details of the "sell out."
Another admission by Comiskey, among the dozen that he made, was this:
Although he knew two days after the series was concluded the identities of the men who had played dishonest baseball, neither he nor any of his representatives attempted to get a signed statement from the players; that in full knowledge of their ??? he permitted them to play in 1920, and that he started an "investigation" merely as a subterfuge to fall back upon in case Ban Johnson made a successful investigation.
Promised to Prove Point.
The story as it unfolded itself at the trial, under the grilling questioning and cross examination by Ray J. Cannon of Milwaukee, attorney for Jackson, is one of the most remarkable of the many the concern the morbid Series.
More than a year ago when Jackson went to Cannon and told him his story, Cannon made the prediction that Jackson's case was so strong that Jackson could not lose in a jury trial. When some of the White Sox officials scoffed at the Cannon statement the Milwaukee attorney predicted that if the case ever went to trial it would expose the most revolting feature of the entire situation:
I will prove that Comiskey knew about the crookedness of his player within at least a week after the Series was over.
And he proved that, and many other weird and strangest things in the suit which eventually resulted in the jury awarding Jackson a verdict for $18,213,40, which was full judgement as follows:
Two years—1921 and 1922, salary at $8,000 per annum, $1,500 bonus.
Interest on both.
The second chapter detailing the facts will appear in next week's issue of The Sporting News.
EDITOR'S NOTE—This is the second of a series of four articles by Frank G. Menke which emphasize the amazing admission by Charles A. Comiskey that he knew the World's Series games of 1919 were crooked two days they had been played. Other chapters of the morbid Series also were written by Comiskey in his testimony in the Jackson case and will be reviewed in these articles.
It may be recalled that in December, 1919, there came whisperings that the World Series of 1919 had been thrown by the White Sox to the Cincinnati Reds. Eventually they were silenced, only to develop into a rumble of sound late in the summer of 1920. Then Ban Johnson started an investigation, hiring a force of detectives to learn the truth or the falsity of the stories.
Charles A. Comiskey, owner of the White Sox, assuming the air of a man shocked and stunned by the rumors, announced he earlier hired detectives to do some investigating,—and they had not uncovered any crookedness. The reason was due, largely to the fact that Comiskey, who knew the truth, kept it covered. He knew that when it became known his ball club would be wrecked by indefinite suspensions by Ban Johnson.
Comiskey knew that the Series was crooked—nearly a year before it became generally known. He admitted that on the witness stand in Milwaukee last February. He also admitted that none of his detectives had done a single bit of "investigating" beyond interviewing "Chick" Gandil and making a trip to the Pacific Coast and back.
Joe Jackson at the 1924 trial
Johnson Acts Immediately.
The Johnson investigators, however, uncovered the real truth, They established that the Series had been crooked, they learned who the players were and transmitted this knowledge to Johnson. He immediately took it to the office of the district attorney, asked for indictments—and secured them.
Immediately after Johnson learned who the men were who had been dishonest, he suspended them from the game. Then he banned them forever from baseball. That was in October, 1920.
In 1922, to the surprise of the baseball world, Joe Jackson sued Comiskey for two years salary—and Ray J. Cannon, of Milwaukee, announced that Jackson had an unloseable case agains the the White Sox. Cannon declared he would prove that Comiskey's authorized agent, signed Jackson to a three-year contract after Comiskey had knowledge that Jackson received money from the gamblers who "bought" the Series.
Comiskey, under the cross examination of Cannon, did admit on the witness stand, that Jackson had been signed to a three-year contract after he (Comiskey) knew that Jackson had participated in the World's Series spoils of 1919.
Jackson, it may be recalled, was always the mystery player of that Series. He out-battled every man on either team; he scored almost as many runs as the leading run scorer; he accepted 17 fielding chances without an error and played brilliant, remarkable baseball throughout.
Ignorant of Series Fixing.
It was, therefore, difficult for the public to believe that Jackson, in view of his remarkable record of play, could have played crooked baseball. Jackson's story, told on the witness stand, and which was not disproved, explains it all. It went this way—
Jackson did not know the Series was crooked until after it was over. When the final game had been played, "Lefty" Williams, one of the White Sox pitchers, went to him and handed him $5,000 in cash.
Jackson asked what it was all about.
Williams, according to Jackson's according to Jackson'w story, told him that he (Williams) and some of the other players had "sold" the Series to a gambling clique that, Jackson would play crooked ball, too =, and that the $5,000 represented the money the gamblers wanted given to Jackson.
"I told Williams he had a hell of a lot of nerve using my name in the affair," Jackson testified. "Also I told him that I was going to tell Comiskey just what had happened."
Jackson testified that the following day, with the $5,000 in his pockets, he went to the White Sox office and asked to Grabiner to see Comiskey. Grabiner told Jackson that "the old man isn't feeling well." Then according to Jackson, he displayed the $5,000 to Grabiner, told him how he had come by it and asked him what to do.
Told to Keep Money.
"Grabiner told me to take the money and go to my home in Savannah" testified Jackson. "He told me if anything further was to be done, he or Comiskey would write me about it. A short time later I got a letter from Comiskey in which he said he might want me to go to Chicago if an investigation was started about the Series. I wrote Comiskey, or, rather, my wife wrote in my name, that I would be glad to there any time. I never heard from Comiskey after that about the Series or the money until after we were indicted.
"I did not see or hear from Gradiner or Comiskey again until along in February, 1920," testified Jackson. "My contract with the club had expired, with the end of 1919. In February, 1920, Grabiner came to Savannah to sign me to a new contract. He offered me $8,000 a year for three years. My old contract called for $6,000.
"While we were discussing the new contract, I brought up the talk again about the throwing of the Series and reminded Grabiner that I had taken the $5,000 to Savannah as he told me. I asked him what to do about it. Grabiner told me that the only sensible thing to do was to keep the money as Cicotte, Williams and the others had wrongfully used my name. While we were talking about the matter, Grabiner told me that he knew who was guilty in throwing the Series, knew all the men and how much each man got for being crooked.
"I can not read or write and I didn't know what was in the new contract. Grabiner told me that it was for $8,000 per season, which was true. He also told me the document contain a ten day release clause, but was an iron-clad contract. That was not so, for the contract contained a ten day clause. But I didn't know that and signed up."
When the contract expired in 1922, Jackson, although he had not played for two years, due to suspension, retained Cannon to file suit for him for the salary.
The third chapter detailing the facts produced at the trial, together with Jackson's defense, will appear in next week's issue of The Sporting News.
EDITOR'S NOTE—This is the last of a series of articles by Frank G. Menke which embrace the amazing admission by Charles A. Comiskey that he knew the World's Series games of 1919 was crooked two days after it had been played and many other admissions by Comiskey for testimony which write a new chapter in the morbid play of 1919 for the world's baseball championship
In February, 1924, when Joe Jackson's suit against the White Sox for two years' back salary—$16,000, and an additional $1,500 for bonus—came before the jury in Milwaukee, Ray J. Cannon, his attorney, opened with this declaration:—
We admit that Jackson received $5,000 from "Lefty" Williams and that the money was reported to have come from gamblers who had paid to have the Series "thrown" to the Reds.
We deny that Jackson knew the Series was crooked until after it was played—and his record of faultless play will show that.
We maintain that the contract Jackson made for three years' play at $8,000 a year is absolutely valid.
We will prove that although Comiskey knew Jackson received $5,000 crooked money at the time he signed him to a contract which waives all of Comiskey's defense against payment of the salary for 1921 and 1922 to Jackson.
When Comiskey went on the witness stand, these admissions were drawn from him by Cannon:
That two days after the Series he knew the names of the seven active White Sox who were involved in the throwing of the Series.
That he had called Chick Grandil to his office and accused him of being the ring leader in the deal with the gamblers.
That although he knew who the crooked players were he did not make any effort to obtain a written statement from them—in October, 1919—or later.
That he permitted all the known crooked players to remain in the 1920 line-up.
"Might Want Jackson."
That he did write Jackson a letter after the Series of 1919, sending him to Savannah, Ga. that the letter stated that Jackson's name was being mentioned in connection with the throwing of the Series; that he might want Jackson to come to Chicago, but never afterwards, verbally or in writing, did he mention the incident again to Jackson.
That soon after the Series was over he noticed a newspaper article by a Chicago writer stating that seven White Sox would be missing from the line-up in 1920; that shortly after the reporter called on him in his office, but that he never asked the reporter who were the players referred to.
That he hired detectives to "run down" the crookedness—but that the hiring of the men was merely a trick by which he could later show the public in case Ban Johnson began an investigation, that he (Comiskey) too, had tried to find out the truth.
That notwithstanding the fact that in October 1919 he accused Gandil of being the ring leader in the crookedness, and that he knew Gandil was one of the crooked players of the Series of 1919, he did send Grandil a contract for the playing of 1920, that he did sign him and did permit Gandil to play.
That in December, 1919 when a baseball reporter wrote a story saying that any one desirous of getting information as to the crookedness of the World's Series of 1919, could get it from Abe Attell, Bill Burns, and Maharg, that he (Comiskey) did not attempt personally to get such information from them, nor did he he instruct his detectives to do so.
Joe Jackson at the 1924 trial with Happy Felsch
Another Point at Variance.
Comiskey, in giving deposition testimony in Chicago prior to the Milwaukee trial, declared that he had paid the detective agency $12,000 to $15,000. At the Milwaukee trial he fixed the amount at $9,000. The head of the detective agency testified at the Milwaukee trial that both statements were untrue; that the exact amount was $3,800.
Grabiner, on the witness stand, admitted knowing that Jackson's name was strongly mentioned in connection with the throwing of the Series of 1919, but admitted that despite the fact he went to Savannah and signed up Jackson to a three-year contract at $8,000 per year for the seasons of 1920, 1921 and 1922.
Grabiner denied that he had discussed the Series with Jackson while in Savannah.
The jury brought in a verdict of $16,711.40 for Jackson and then added $1,500 to that amount, making a total verdict of $18,211.40. The extra $1,500 concerned a bonus which Comiskey had promised Jackson for his 1917 work.
In deposition testimony taken in Chicago quite some time before the Milwaukee trial of 1924, Comiskey in 1918 admitted that he knew about the $1,500 bonus that had been promised to Jackson. When testifying in Milwaukee, Comiskey said he never knew anything about this bonus until Jackson started his suit against him in 1922. The jury apparently decided to take Comiskey's original statement as definite fact, declared in Jackson's favor for the total sum of $18,211.40
AFTERMATH: Jackson said he got the money after the World Series as opposed to after Game 4, as he'd told the 1920 grand jury. Jackson said in 1924, but not 1920, that he'd used the money to pay his sister's hospital bills.
Jackson's story changed enough that after the 1924 jury ruled 11-1 in Jackson's favor, the presiding Judge John J. Gregory set aside the verdict, reduced Jackson's judgment to $1, and jailed him for a night for perjury.


text:
Q: How can I use HTML elements in js before declaring it? I'm trying to make a 2D game with HTML5 canvas.so what i have to do is define the canvas for js
var canvas = document.getElementById('gamecanvas');

When I put this sentence after the <canvas> tag, the code works very well. but when I put the script inside the head tag in a script tag(before writing the <canvas> tag, it gives me the error
ncaught TypeError: Cannot read property 'getContext' of null

and this is because the canvas was not "declared" before the js code since JS reads the code line by line.
However, this tutorial has written the code before writing the canvas tags. How could that happen.
One more question, why JS doesn't give any error when using a function before declaring it?shouldn't it be the same?

A:
However, this tutorial has written the code before writing the canvas tags. How could that happen.

It doesn't run the code until after the element has been added to the DOM.
The code is in a function. That function gets called in response to the load event.

One more question, why JS doesn't give any error when using a function before declaring it?shouldn't it be the same?

Function declarations are subject to hoisting (which essentially means they are discovered at compile time instead of run time).

A: Don't Execute code that references a DOM element until the page is ready. To call a function after the page is ready:
<body onload="doSomething()">

The function doSomething() can certainly appear on the page before the elements it references as long as the function is only executed after the elements are in the DOM.

A: I know about 3 solutions how to fix that problem. The easiest and propably best is (as someone above already wrote)
<body onload="doSomething()">

because html is loading code from the top of the page to the bottom, it's predictable that first will be loaded javascript, and his functions will do, what they have to do, finding the ID, but how, when the page wasn't still loaded. The onload function above will execute function you entered, after the whole body will be loaded.
Another way is put the <script> tag to the end of the page so javascript will be loaded as the last one.
Or if you are open to Jquery, the basic function of jquery
$(document).ready(function(){ ... TO DO ...});

will do the same.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In Episode 014 of the LEO Training Podcast I sit down with Dr. Steve Capobianco. We discuss a blend of topics focused around movement including mobility, stability, and motor control. We also discuss the fascial system and how we are connected to it – both mechanically and neurologically.


You know what the easiest way to add 10-20 million dollars onto the domestic box office gross of a horror film is?
It's why the R-rated horror film has disappeared as a staple of American cinema for the most part. It's easier to cut back on the gore, and language, and wind up making the same basic film but with a substantially much larger audience. Throw in the ability to add all those back in for an "unrated" cut on DVD and studios have been able to use these margins to make cheap, slickly marketed horror films that can open in 2,000 theaters with enough of an audience to make a profit.
So it's odd to see Deadpool 2 rechristened into Once Upon a Deadpool, a re-cut of the successful 2018 film into a PG-13 film. Audiences were, as well, as the film didn't quite resonate with audiences like the original cut of the film did.
With a new ending and all of the profanity, blood and accoutrement taken down enough to qualify for a PG-13 rating, Once upon a Deadpool is a cash grab that didn't grab much cash.
Did you see Deadpool 2? Did you enjoy it? This takes it down to something you might be able to let a young teenager watch… and nothing more. Wait for it to go into the bin at Wal-Mart.


In 1989 world leaders felt the need for a special rights for children under 18, after discovering that the Human Rights do not protect the children fully. They signed the Convention on the Rights of the Child and Bhutan was among the first countries to recognize and agree to it.
Built on varied legal systems and cultural traditions, the Convention is a universally agreed set of non-negotiable standards and obligations to be respected by every country signatory to the CRC.
Quite strangely I went to school in 1989. Every person of my age would have same hostile memories from schools but because I was very naughty myself I don't have any good thing to say about my primary school. I was beaten by teachers and seniors almost everyday. Nobody seemed to mind and therefore I didn't mind either. I thought I deserved the hammaring on the head and whipped naked in the public. But much later I realized that not many thought they deserved, because by the time I reached high school only a few of us where still holding on to school, rest have dropped out on the way.
Teachers and parents are the people who should be educated on the rights of the child, but how many of them even know there is such a thing? I actually saw the articles in CRC only last week, thanks to the 'Educating for GNH' workshop in my school. Perhaps this ignorance is still widespread among our teaching fraternity which is why even in 2012 children are scared of teachers.
I pledge to myself that I will respect the CRC at all cost without negotiation and serve my duty as care giver and protector of children who are put in my hand. I will work toward protecting the Rights of the Child which we were supposed to do since 1989.
I too had the same experience in Primary school. and I remember writing about it somewhere in my blog as well. "scared of teacher" phobia still runs in my blood. i had to also bear those hostile hostel life.....But thanks to my parents, they never let me dropout in between.
Now, Like you, I also feel proud that we are educated and we are coming to know our rights that existed. It is late but its still better than never mena?
Forget about your school days it still existed during our days. Now that we know about it,i hope teacher like you and me can eradicate it...thanks for always writing something inspiring. Its a relief that we have responsible teachers now. Lead us as a senior...we will follow you and make a difference.
"Please Use Your Liberty to Promote Ours"
Who will take the Broken Glass?


Michael Jaye is Associate professor at the Naval Postgraduate School, in Monterey, California. He is a confirmed catastrophist focused on cometary impacts. In a lecture to the Geological Society of America in 2011(a) he describes two major events in the earths history that had profound effects on the earth and the life one. The first was a double impact 65 million years ago and generally accepted to have led to the demise of the dinosaurs and the second 460,000 years ago.
In an April 2015 lecture entitled Resolving the Problem of Atlantis he expands on his original ideas(b) introducing a third event 13,000 years ago when another cometary impact brought an enormous amount of water to earth, which linked together previously disconnected seas and oceans.
Jaye does not accept the explanation for these anomalous lines given by Google, joining conspiracy theorists in the process. I personally think that he should stick to geology and leave the subject of Atlantis to others.
Jaye has also given me a link(c) to a video of one of his lectures. In it, one of his claims is that most of the Earth's water is the result of a collision with an icy comet around 12,800 years ago. However, the widespread distribution of fossil fish far exceeds the areas occupied by original unconnected bodies of water suggested by Jaye. This is just one of many inaccuracies offered by him. His ideas can be read on Graham Hancock's website(d) and his 2017 book, The Worldwide Flood .
Jaye has failed to explain how his claim of a relatively recent acquisition by the Earth of most of its water, can account for the recurring Ice Ages that our planet has endured over many millions of years. Ice Age theory is well established, but according to him, the Earth would not have had enough water over that timespan to produce the glaciers that enveloped large areas of the globe, sometimes to a depth of 3 or 4 km, leading to the measurable isostatic rebound we still experience today.


Paddy Campbell and Simona Dolci created and outstanding exhibition in the fantastic atmosphere of Pietrasanta, in Tuscany.
The exhibition will be hosted in the main Pietrasanta plaza for 3 months.
"The Day That Changed Ireland"
Installed at Shannon Airport Ireland in July 2015.
Situated in the main Departures concourse.
Paddy Campbell's spectacular "Di Cuore - From the Heart" exhibition in the Palazzo Medici Riccardi in Florence moved to the Slieve Donard Resort and Spa, Newcastle, County Down in Jannuary 2014. The stunning commissioned piece "Wind and Sea" (pictured here) is settling in at its new home. The exhibition will run until the end of March.
Insalled in front of the International Student Centre on the Belfield Campus of University College Dublin, beside the new water Feature (Lake).
Installed on 14 November 2013.
Situated on the Grounds of the Slieve Donard Hotel & Spa, where the beautiful Mountains of Mourne "sweep down to the sea", at Newcastle, Co.Down, Nothern Ireland.
Paddy Campbell "Di Cuore" from paddy campbell on Vimeo.
This is a cultural exhibition in a prestigious hotel "Il Salviatino" in Florence, including 6 Paddy Campbell sculptures in beautiful gardens.
"Exhibition of Contemporary Irish Art"


An incredibly rich, deep moisturising hand cream containing both high and low molecular Hyaluronic Acid so the moisture is delivered deep below the skins surface and locked in to keep hands soft and supple all day long. Enriched with mango butter, Brazilian Acai and Incha Inchi oil this cream will sort out tired, cracked hands whilst also acting as an anti-ageing cream. Apply daily or as and when needed, it's quite a thick formula so a little goes a long way. Available for Worldwide delivery from the UK.
Apply daily or as and when needed.
Keep hands looking young and keep people guessing about your age.


How Long Will The Precor EFX 225 Last?
The most valuable aspect of the EFX 225 is the quality build that offers both strength, function, and durability. Though you do not receive as many bells and whistles, you will certainly be able to enjoy the EFX 225 for many, many years. Congruently, we would recommend this elliptical for a serious user who enjoys every-other-day workouts.
Still, be sure to keep in mind that the daily upkeep of a machine can best determine its lifespan. If you were to spend thousands on a brand new set of golf clubs, your first decision would more than likely not include running them over with a golf cart. Likewise, be sure to take good care of your elliptical in our to get the most out of your investment.
As we have mentioned in some of our other reviews that focus on ellipticals in this higher price range, there are a few brands on the market that have very respectable, costly reputations. These reputations then transcend into the various models' price tags. The EFX 225 is a good example of the importance of reputation. But we also like the fact that this particular model has been made a little more affordable. Precor has designed a frame that is similar to their commercial ellipticals with a little less value in order to make a more affordable series. The EFX 225 is a stripped down Precor that still offers a lot of value without breaking the bank. In response, we have awarded the EFX 225 our Third-Place slot among the $3,000 to $3,999 dollar 2019 Best Buys.
Why is it that we are willing to pay thousands of dollars on a brand new Coach bag or an Italian suit when there are plenty of purses and suits that have the same function and decent quality for much less? Because we are a culture of status. There are some people who truly appreciate a good reputation and high-quality products. Similarly, the Precor ellipticals are the Coach bags of the elliptical market. Precor was the first brand to introduce the ellipticals, and there is just something about having a product from the originator. Secondly, since their elliptical debut, Precor has continued to develop a strong, well-engineered design that has led to exceptionally high-quality products. Thus, the EFX 225 offers much more than a durable build; one receives the Precor expertise, intelligent design, and superb customer service. This particular model also shows Precor's ability to make a more affordable model. While the EFX 225 does not have the same commercial frame as the four hundred series, it is inspired by the infamous commercial frame. We have chosen the EFX 225 over other ellipticals in this price range largely because of this affordability. We like that Precor has made their quality design more accessible.
We also like the warranty that comes with the EFX 225. This elliptical is not only backed by a reputable company, but it is also equipped with a five-year-parts and wear items, three-year console, and one-year labor warranty. This is a relatively decent warranty and adds a good amount of value to the EFX 225. In addition, the Precor ellipticals come equipped with their cross-ramp design. This system uniquely changes the motion of one's stride in order to create workout variations through muscle targeting and incline. The EFX 225 has the basic sixteen resistance levels and twenty-five percent incline ability. The value, though, comes from Precor's cross-ramp design as opposed to the actual incline ability.
Nonetheless, we do have a few issues with the EFX 225. First off, there are other ellipticals in our top four that have many more workout out programs and technology-based features. While one does receive the cross-ramp ability, the EFX 225 does not have as many functional features that other ellipticals with similar price tags have. Moreover, though we like the fact that Precor made a more affordable model by their standards, the EFX 225's price tag is still largely based off of the Precor name. Relatively speaking, other brands offer more style and utility which may be viewed as a better justification for the higher price tag. But if you are a fan of the Precor name, then you may evaluate the value and price differently.
We have said that the EFX 25 is a high-quality elliptical with a motorized adjustable ramp that holds true to the Precor name. While we do like the value in the EFX 225, we have recommended saving a little more in order to buy one of Precor's four hundred series as they have the same commercial frame that Precor is so well known for.
We are a little concerned about the EFX 225 as it does not have as many features and is largely priced high because of its Precor name. Even still, there are users who recognize the value in Precor ellipticals. These users may appreciate the fact that Precor made a more affordable model that is inspired by their commercial model but stripped down a bit. Taking this into account, we would recommend our 2019 Third Place Best Buy Winner for the $3,000 to $3,999 dollar category for a serious user who appreciates the Precor name.


The Center for Architectural Conservation is devoted to training and research in the technical conservation of the built environment.
Founded in 1991 as The Architectural Conservation Laboratory (ACL), The Center for Architectural Conservation provides a unique intellectual environment for those pursuing focused study in architectural conservation and building technology. The Center encourages cross-disciplinary collaboration on contemporary issues related to the conservation of culturally significant buildings, monuments, and sites throughout the world, including issues of sustainability. Through grants and sponsored projects, the faculty and staff, in collaboration with other University centers (such as the Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, the Cartographic Modeling Laboratory, and PennPraxis), conduct a full agenda of research and teaching dedicated to documentation, recording, field survey, material analysis, condition assessment, risk analysis, and the development of new treatments and treatment evaluation of historic structures and sites. The Center is also a founding partner of Penn's new Materials Library, adding its vast collection of historical and traditional building materials to new contemporary materials that allow students with diverse interests to experience first-hand the materials and materiality of architecture and construction technology.
In addition to providing graduate and post graduate students with the necessary environment to participate and collaborate in applied projects at home and abroad, The Center offers professional workshops and master classes for the public and professional community. For more information on research and training activities, please visit www.conlab.org.


Host an event in your local community or workplace – anything from a cake bake or BBQ to a charity raffle or auction.
Take on a personal challenge (e.g. City2Surf, Marathon) and raise funds online via everyday hero by asking your friends & family to sponsor you.
Before you start your Fundraising activity, please register your fundraiser with WS NSW.
WS NSW members wishing to fundraise online must contact WS NSW to request permission to fundraise prior to commencing.
Once your fundraiser is approved, WS NSW can help by providing you with a Fundraising Pack, complete with tfundraising ideas to help make your fundraiser a great success.


I've mentioned before that having a creative talent can be a gift and a curse.
During Christmases and birthdays being able to produce some nice creative presents for friends is always better than just buying them a movie or tshirt.
A friend recently had a birthday and I decided a couple months before to do some artwork for her. She's a huge fan of the 80s cartoon show Jem (as can be seen here and here) and I wanted to do a Jem piece for her.
I wanted to do a "singing" piece, not just a standing there for the poster piece.
My initial idea was a close up using Halestorm vixen Lzzy Hale as a model.
I thought I could do a punk rock or metal Jem… The issue is Jem's look is kind of iconic. If you take her gaudy pink dresses, teased hair, and make up away she isn't Jem anymore (as the producers of that awful film found out). So even though I thought the art was better it wasn't what I wanted to do. So I scrapped that one.
With the birthday rapidly approaching I was starting to regret painting myself into the "creative" corner for the present. I couldn't muster the creativity to do a piece I liked and ended up regretting the choice to try it.
Then one morning I was lounging in bed one Saturday morning scrolling through Facebook and I came across a an ad for a Rick and Morty tshirt showing Rick in the iconic Scott Pilgrim pose. As soon as I saw it I had the idea, Jem in Scott Pilgrim style.
The first one of these I was actually happy with.
It was done just in time for the birthday and now hangs in her house. Always the best part of making art for someone is seeing how the recipient decides to display it!
One of my favorite movies of the 2000s is Edgar Wright's The World's End. The conclusion of the so-called "Cornetto-Trilogy," the movie brings together everything Wright, Simon Pegg, Nick Frost, and their acting company learned from their previous experiences; those they've completed together and those they've completed on their own. It's hilarious, unique, moving, perfectly cast, wonderfully performed, and masterfully directed. It's a terrific film and the best original idea I can recall seeing in a decade or more.
In the end I had to take additional pictures from my Bluray copy of the movie in order to get the costume details accurate. Each character took around 3 hours each with Gary King taking around 4-5 as he required the most work and it was most important to have his accoutrements correct.
I decided to add the blue eyes for Gary's "Blank" mates, which is different from the film but made a more powerful image. I added the bright red "To Err is Human" the partial Pope reference purposefully misquoted by Gary in his confrontation with the Network and appearing correctly written on a wall in the epilogue. The quote became the unofficial name of the drawing.
To make perhaps my artistic life, I posted the drawing on Twitter, not expecting too much only to find the next day Edgar Wright himself, my favorite active director, actually liked the Tweet. I did a bit of minor bragging about this one!


Avatar: The Last Airbender: The Search, Part 1 4.6 out of 5 based on 0 ratings. 20 reviews.
Loved it! I was going through Avatar withdrawal until I discovered this. I ordered The Promise as well.
I MUST FIND OUT WHERE ZUKO'S MOTHER IS!! Each volume, we draw closer to the answer. There is a very intriguing twist in this story, so different from anything I'd imagined from watching the animated series. And I don't know if I like it or not! Still contains witty remarks, hilarious faces, and a very realistic, unbearable, yet understandable crazy Azula all in a beautifully crafted fantasy world.
It's great! And so full of suspense, I love it!
This reminds me of a series called The Rostical Users, both awesome series that feature elemental bending :).
I loved it! This story was really interesting and connected a lot of dots in the show.
This is a great addition to the series, and I recommend it to any Avatar fan. It's filled with back story to a character that it's important to this part of the story, and we finally get to know about what happened to Zuko's mom. Something that a great deal of us have been wondering since the beginning, but also since the end of the series. The only downside to this, is that it's part one, so we all have to wait till July to see what happens next.
felt like i was still watching the show.
I cannot and will not contain spoilers, but TALK ABOUT PLOT TWISTS!!!! Cannot wait till part 2! I highly recommend reading if you are an A:TLA fan!
I have always been a HUGE fanof avatar and I would buy this but... why buy it when I can WATCH the comic on youtube?
For anyone who watched the amazing avatar the last airbender series, you must check it out. Finaly the question of what happened to Zuko's mother will be answered.
Seriously, Avatar creators, that's as creative as you can get? That's your big reveal? Go ahead and ruin a character's entire arc, why don't you? Ugh. I'll probably by the next two just to see if they can redeem themselves at all.


text:
Department S: A Series X Fiesta 1100S
When Herbert Abts came across this mint Mk1 for sale he knew just what to do: unlock his cupboard of rare RS spares to create a Series X Fiesta 1100S
We've been going crazy over German Mk1 Fiestas recently and just one glance over this funky retro Mk1 shows exactly why. They have a certain slightly wacky style to them that you just don't see on this side of the water, but we like it!
Amazingly, they have all been part of an extensive collection owned by a group of close friends and this one belongs to Herbert Abts.
We featured his friend Herbert's rally-ready Mk1 in the September 2011 issue and the boys sat us down again to tell us the story of how they managed to get their hands on yet another Mk1, which is no mean feat considering that early Fiestas aren't exactly flooding the high streets over in Germany.
Phone home
These boys just have a knack for finding them, and sometimes the cars just come to them. Maybe their reputation for being hardcore Fiesta fanatics is really paying off.
"I took a phone call one day from a car dealer, it made me curious" Herbert reveals "It was a Mk1 with just one owner from new and low mileage." Sounds like a dream car advert and with it being offered his way, Herbert just couldn't really say no, he had to check it out.
"After taking that call I was very interested — viewing costs nothing, does it? I had to take a look at it, as a friend was looking for a Mk1, and it could be the car for him."
Helpful Herbert was soon on his way over to the dealer. "When I arrived there I found a Kermit green Mk1. It was in really, really good condition. There was hardly any rust anywhere at all, so we made a deal and I took it back to my workshop at home."
The friend who Herbert had in mind for this Fiesta turned up to see the car, but he was unusually fussy. "He said he wanted a different engine and colour — I was a little put out as the days that you could order a Mk1 to your exact spec and choice are long gone!"
But what to do now? Keep it? Sell it? All Herbert knew was that he once again had another Mk1 in his workshop. He sat down with his good friend and tinkering side-kick, Stephan and began some brainstorming.
"We discussed lots of ideas but we liked the idea of a 1100S replica, lowered with some nice 6Jx13 RS wheels. We started to play with Photoshop to see what it would look like — it was nice but not 100 per cent what we wanted."
It was back to the drawing board, so Stephan offered up some advice: "So, what about an 1100S with the Series-X wide-arch rally kit and some 7Jx13 four-spokes?" Herbert quickly agreed. "Oh yeah! That's the deal!"
The lads set about making it happen, briefly pausing to have a moment of reflection: "Due to the good condition of the car, the hardest thing was when it came to cut and welding it for the rear arches to be fitted." That soon passed though and they got stuck right into it. The bodywork was given a good freshen up so it met their meticulous standards.
"It was given a partial respray and then fully polished and cleaned everywhere else. We ordered the S stripe kit from DMB Graphics in England, as we needed that well-known British quality."
Centre spread
It looked good already, the arch kit was really working, but the wheels just needed a little something extra.
"We found that the silver wheels didn't look so great so we made a decision to polish the wheels up and then paint the centres. It's a much better look," reckons Herbert. No arguments from us there! To make it handle it was then dropped over some Koni suspension and Kaw springs.
Herbert wasn't a big fan of the original RS spoiler, so it was time to go trawling through his extensive parts collection to find the perfect addition to add some real attitude.
"I had a Kamai front spoiler in storage. It's for an unarched Mk1 but with some cutting
and extension later we made it fit." Herbert pointed out.
The rest of the car has a beautifully simple charm about it. A green rollcage, RS steering wheel, S rear bench with some Scheel-Mann front seats. Herbert summed it up: "We like it this way — all the parts you could get in the '80s, and no modern stuff."
That's a philosophy we like, too!
See more photos and get the full spec on Herbert's Series X Fiesta in the December 2011 issue
Lotus Effect: A Sublime Twin-Cam Anglia
Secret History: Inside Ford's Cologne Collection


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Townsend Energy is committed to energy conservation and to helping our customers—and our communities—reduce their carbon footprint. That's why we deliver BioPure™ Heating Oil. Biopure is Townsend Energy's proprietary blend of up to 5% renewable Biofuel and can be used for heating systems, hot water heaters, pool heaters, and even diesel-fueled vehicles and power equipment!


Process equipment manufacturer The Witte Company, Washington, New Jersey, has unveiled a four-point spare parts service to provide companies with speedy access to the spare parts that most commonly require repair or replacement for reduced line downtime and minimal disruption for maintenance. Devised for process engineers, maintenance managers, purchasing managers and other operations professionals, the valuable service features the stocking and next-day shipping of critical spare parts, the on-site manufacture of additional parts to OEM specifications and a preventative maintenance guide provided with each Witte machine.
Ideal for companies operating vibrating fluid bed dryers, plastic pellet classifiers, vibratory conveyors, dewaterers, screeners and other process equipment from nearly any manufacturer, the spare parts service ensures drive belts, screens, perforated decking, conveyor belting and a variety of wear parts are stored in inventory and ready for immediate shipping. Other parts may be quickly manufactured at the company's on-site machining center. In addition, the company maintains a database documenting the parts and specifications by serial number for nearly every Witte machine ever produced to help assess and verify the proper part or parts required while ensuring the new parts identically match specifications.


Premiere Restaurant & Lounge Bar is located in Athens in Attica.
Cuisines that you can enjoy at Premiere Restaurant & Lounge Bar include Mediterranean.
Premiere Restaurant & Lounge Bar is also good for Reservations and Late Night.


Cliff Kincaid is the director of the AIM Center for Investigative Journalism. Cliff regularly appears on television and radio programs, including the CBS Evening News, NBC's Today Show, Lou Dobbs Tonight, The Glenn Beck Show, Fox and Friends, The O'Reilly Factor, and more. He has co-authored several books, which you can purchase from the links below.


The Secretariat of the Pacific Community says urgent action is needed to prevent diabetes, heart disease and cancer which account for 70 percent of deaths in the Pacific region.
The SPC's deputy director of Public Health says Pacific countries dominate the world's top ten countries for obesity and diabetes.
Dr Paula Vivili says four strategies to prevent lifestyle diseases are strengthening tobacco control, taxing unhealthy foods, targetting health resources and improving research.
Pacific Directors of Health are meeting this week in Fiji to consider how best to respond to the non-communicable disease crisis in the Pacific.


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Home About The State Library In The News... LITERATURE LIVE AROUND THE WORLD
LITERATURE LIVE AROUND THE WORLD
Louisiana Book Festival to co-sponsor; see Bay Area Book Festival press release below:
"Literature Live Around the World" Free Virtual 'World Tour'
Featuring Top Authors from 12 Countries Including the U.S. – February 12-22, 2021
Unprecedented international literary collaboration combats isolation amid global lockdown
February 3, 2021 | Berkeley, CA – In a time of isolation across the globe, "Literature Live Around the World" (LLAW) brings together literary festivals from 12 nations from the United States to India, Norway to Nigeria, Argentina to Jamaica and more in a 12-hour program that runs live on February 12. Each festival offers a one-hour segment introducing that region's literary scene and some of its most interesting authors, allowing viewers to take a whirlwind virtual journey around the world through contemporary literature.
Organized and produced by LitFestBergen (Norway), the free program will air in its entirety on NRK Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation and will livestream on all partner websites. Within 24 hours of the live program, an edited, chaptered recording will be available for free on selected partner sites, including that of the Bay Area Book Festival (BABF) in Berkeley, California, www.baybookfest.org, through February 22. The Louisiana Book Festival, presented by the Louisiana Center for the Book, State Library of Louisiana, is a co-sponsor and local partner.
BABF will represent the United States with a program featuring authors Dave Eggers and Vendela Vida, moderator Daniel Gumbiner, and BABF founder/director and host Cherilyn Parsons. Viewers from around the world will be able to submit questions live.
LitFestBergen will open the program with Norway's segment featuring Karl Ove Knausgård, among other authors. The 10 other festivals, besides LitFest Bergen and BABF, are in Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dubai, UAE; Edinburgh, Scotland; Jaipur, India; Kabul, Afghanistan; Lagos, Nigeria; Lyon, France; Perth, Australia; Toronto, Canada; and Treasure Beach, Jamaica. (Listing of festival names appears below.)
For the full schedule with program descriptions, featured authors, and live viewing times, visit www.baybookfest.org/bergen2021. Viewers can watch the edited, chaptered recording with this same link through February 22.
Each hour will be opened by NRK hosts Siss Vik and Mona B. Riise, who will announce the country that viewers now will "visit." A short video, provided by the relevant festival, will introduce viewers to that region and its literary scene. Watch BABF's video about the Bay Area here: youtu.be/4iMC1svQrH4. Vik and Riise will converse with that festival's director, who will introduce the authors and mention the co-sponsoring festivals. Each nation's presentation is quite different, making for a dynamic overall world tour of literary creativity.
Cherilyn Parsons, BABF's founder and executive director, notes, "Who says you can't travel the world during COVID lockdown?" This program is incredibly timely. Our world is more interconnected than ever, and yet we can't cross each other's borders. LLAW leaps those borders, showcases the diversity of world culture, and exhibits values of global cooperation, all through the power of literature. Through this unprecedented program, viewers can explore twelve fascinating nations through the lens of each region's top authors – truly unique, insightful perspectives that provide a 'travel experience' that even in-person, on-the-ground visits rarely attain. These authors and their hosts will take us far beyond the usual tourist sights and clichés about each region. We are beyond thrilled to represent the United States."
Cherilyn Parsons, as well as LitFestBergen's director Teresa Grøtan, are available for interviews.
Key links:
• Full schedule, authors, best platform for U.S. viewers: https://www.baybookfest.org/bergen2021/schedule/
• Graphics (LLAW, BABF, author photos) and other resources: https://www.baybookfest.org/llaw-press-room/
• Bay Area Book Festival: www.baybookfest.org
• Louisiana Book Festival: http://louisianabookfestival.org/
• LitFestBergen: www.litfestbergen.no/en/
Full list of participating festivals:
Bergen International Literary Festival (LitFestBergen); Bay Area Book Festival, Berkeley, USA; Writing Western Australia, Perth; Writer's House, Kabul; Jaipur Literary Festival, India; Emirates Airline Festival of Literature, UAE; Aké Arts and Book Festival, Lagos, Nigeria; Festival Internacional de Literatura de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Edinburgh International Book Festival, Scotland/UK; Assises internationales du roman, Lyon, France; Toronto International Festival of Authors, Canada; Calabash Festival, Jamaica.
Julia Drake | This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
Bradley Jones | This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it


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Focus on the workstation
Italian town to increase use of open source
The Italian town of Montelupo Fiorentino is expanding its move to open source, following a decision by the town's council. This year, the IT department aims to switch some 90% of all its PC workstations to an open source operating system.
The town of Montelupo Fiorentino (just over 14,000 inhabitants, and some 20 kilometres west of Florence) currently uses an open source office productivity suite on all of its PCs, and 50% of its servers are running on open source. Two years ago, it started using an open source email solution.
Montelupo Fiorentino announced the doubling of its open source efforts in February. This is an innovation process that will result in significant savings, the council motivated its decision.
The municipality is part of an informal network of Italian public services that focus on open innovation and the sharing and reuse of ICT solutions. This network, entitled "Mettiamo in comune l'innovazione" ("Let's put innovation in communities") includes the cities of Rome and Turin, as well as the Lazio region.
The town also points out that the European General Data Protection Regulation would require it to make changes to 70% of its computers. The council decided to focus on open source, as this will contribute to the local economy. The move to open source is also supported by national rules and the Agenzia per l'Italia digitale (AGID, or Agency for the Digitalisation of the Public Sector), the council said.
The IT department declined to provide details on operating system and applications, citing security concerns. "We are careful with this kind of information. Here we still have destructive attacks with encrypting ransomware that cause days and days of outages," Lorenzo Nesi, the town's Deputy Mayor, told the European Commission's Open Source Observatory (OSOR).
announcement by Montelupo Fiorentino (in Italian)


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Cybersecurity Experts Share Insight For Data Privacy Day 2019
Senior Contributor
I cover all things tech and the impact tech has on everyday life.
Jan 28, 2019, 05:31pm EST |
Personal data is a valuable commodity that businesses and individuals need to be vigilant to... [+] protect.
You'll have to forgive my ignorance—but what is an appropriate gift for Data Privacy Day? Perhaps an encrypted portable drive? That might not be a bad idea, but what I have for you instead is the collected wisdom of a number of cybersecurity professionals—people who make a living safeguarding data and protecting privacy.
The issue of data privacy and data security seems more relevant now than ever. People are essentially numb at this point to the constant barrage of data breach notifications and revelations of how nefarious attackers have compromised or exposed their data—but now we are also seeing more incidents of the "good guys" abusing our private information as well. After breaches of trust at Facebook led to private information being shared and abused by Cambridge Analytica and others, and Google was just fined more than $57 million USD for privacy violations under the GDPR regulation that went into effect last year, people and companies are on high alert when it comes to data privacy.
Cybersecurity Experts Weigh In
I reached out to a number of IT professionals and cybersecurity experts to get their commentary and insight on Data Privacy Day, and their advice and tips for how you can do a better job of restricting access to information and protecting data:
Jadee Hanson, CISO for Code42
"When it comes time to protect data, it's important to understand that data privacy and data security go hand in hand. There's no way an organization can move into privacy controls around using and sharing data – and the notice and consent that comes with it – without a strong foundation of data security.
With a strong security foundation in place, companies can talk about the rules and principles of data privacy. They should begin by looking at the terms of data agreements on both sides – from both a company data and customer data perspective – and then layer on the standard privacy principles around use, notice, sharing, consent, transparency. These principles typically apply to different companies in different ways, so it's a good practice to work closely with legal teams on what and how privacy principles apply to different businesses. Of these standard principles, the concept of use is probably the most critical one. Companies need to clearly understand the rules around what data they can and can't use, and then be transparent about how they're using that data."
Steve Blow, Tech Evangelist, Zerto
"All businesses know by now that they need to prioritize data protection – there's certainly enough headline scare stories of data leaks, outages and ransomware attacks that should have persuaded them over the past year. Adding to this is the modern consumer perspective of 'there's no excuse for downtime, or the loss of data'. Businesses need to be focusing on ensuring they are resilient against the many threats facing data today, to prove to their customers they are taking data protection seriously.
The adoption of the latest technology, with innovative new approaches, has led to this number of both planned and unplanned disruptions in a business rising. Combating this means companies need to start looking outside of traditional backup capabilities to keep the business online; they need to choose a modern, resilience approach that can utilize continuous data protection."
Jack Danahy, SVP, Security at Alert Logic
"The remarkable immediacy of social media has created a deceptive kind of artificial intimacy between people and their devices. Communications feel very personal, very one-to-one, but they are really neither. Improving and ensuring privacy requires educating users about the risks and the natural exposures present in this environment, and we need to be constantly on the lookout for both accidental oversharing and intentional attempts to breach these growing confidences. Instead of attempting to isolate users from the rest of the internetworked community, it is time to empower them to share more knowingly and more safely."
Ali Golshan, CTO and co-founder at StackRox
"Considering the volume and range of data being collected from services and users, targeting and reaching the user has become a very personal experience. We can clearly see the negative impacts of it in politics and American culture.
Analytic infrastructures allow for powerful insights into data, but they create compliance and security risks for companies because data is often dumped into data lakes without proper labeling, auditing, or policy enforcement. We are seeing companies such as Apple building trust with customers by providing visibility and transparency into how that data is used. Additionally, Europe's GDPR require all companies serving European citizens, regardless of the company's HQ location, to implement controls around data privacy."
Gary Watson, CTO of StorCentric and Founder of Nexsan
"The notion of data protection might be starting to sound repetitive, but it is still top of the business agenda. IT security threats come in all different shapes and sizes, and just as quickly as we put up barriers, cyber criminals find new ways to break through. Businesses need to have confidence in their recovery strategy; relying alone on the traditional ways of backing up data is not sufficient. Organizations need to ensure everything is protected including the data, finances and the organization's reputation. Threat detection software is only half the battle, keep in mind 'what if any attack succeeds?' and ensure there is a second line of defense in place that can offer a comprehensive range of security features, from encryption through to backup, hardened archiving, and recovery. Alongside product investment, take the time to educate employees on the latest threats, which in turn will build confidence."
Heather Paunet, Vice President of Product Management at Untangle
"Data privacy has become a hot topic over the last few years, especially with the recent large-scale data breaches. It is important that organizations of all sizes take data privacy seriously and proactively ensure personally identifiable information (PII) is protected. Protecting data in the event of a breach is crucial to maintain the trust and respect of the public. Businesses can take some simple steps to protect the data they are collecting. Storing the private data on a network or server that is separate from the public, or even separate from the main corporate network, can provide an extra layer of protection. Encrypting the data, especially PII, is another standard practice to comply with a variety of regulations like PCI and HIPAA in the United States and GDPR in Europe. With GDPR in full effect, data privacy and transparency are now more relevant than ever. Businesses must realize that the GDPR rules are not a hindrance, but a chance to show consumers that they can trust them and that they are taking a proactive approach to data privacy."
Joseph Carson, chief security scientist at Thycotic
"Is Data Privacy Day turning into Data Privacy Remembrance Day? Is it even reversible?The answer is yes. The end of privacy as we know it is closer than you may think. Privacy definitions are very different between nation states and cultures, however, one thing that is common is that privacy is becoming less and less of an option for most citizens. In public, almost everyone is being watched and monitored 24/7 with thousands of cameras using your expressions, fashion, walk, directions, interactions and speech to determine what you need, what you might be thinking, who you are going to meet, who is nearby and even algorithms that determine what your next action might be. All of this is used to help provide a custom experience unique to everyone as well as predict and prevent security threats. The term "if you have nothing to hide you have nothing to fear" is quickly becoming reality and privacy and could certainly disappear in the near future. Can we ever regain back our privacy?"
Solving data privacy is the tech equivalent of curing cancer or fixing world hunger. It is a huge problem with a dizzying array of factors and nuanced variables involved. As cliché as it is, there is no one right answer. Companies need to do everything they can to safeguard data—especially personal information from customers. Businesses that function in the economy of monitoring, collecting, and selling personal data on individuals should only do so with explicit consent and absolute transparency.
As ideal as that would be, it still wouldn't be a guarantee. Individual consumers still need to be vigilant about protecting their own data. Be careful about which companies you trust your privacy with. More importantly, invest the time and effort to understand the data security and privacy controls available to you and make sure you take steps to configure them to limit access and protect your data.


For rallying the undead, we're going in the record books.
Last month's "Red, White, and Dead" event brought enough walking zombies to Fremont to earn a mention in the Guinness Book of World Records, Fremont Outdoor Cinema organizers announced Thursday.
Organizers John Hegeman and Ryan Reiter will accept the honor in San Diego this weekend at one of the biggest, geekiest events around — Comic Con.
The largest gathering of zombies was achieved by 3,894 participants in the 'Red White and Dead Zombie Party' event organized by Fremont Outdoor Movies in Seattle, Washington, USA, on 3 July 2009. Produced by Jon Hegeman and Ryan Reiter, in association with XBOX 360.


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package com.textocat.textokit.phrrecog;

import com.textocat.textokit.commons.util.PipelineDescriptorUtils;
import org.apache.uima.fit.factory.TypeSystemDescriptionFactory;
import org.apache.uima.resource.metadata.Import;
import org.apache.uima.resource.metadata.TypeSystemDescription;
import org.apache.uima.resource.metadata.impl.Import_impl;

/**
 * A class that provides constants and methods to use a noun phrase recognizer.
 *
 * @author Rinat Gareev
 */
public class NPRecognizerAPI {

    /**
     * A name of type-system description that define types produced by phrase recognizer implementations.
     */
    public static final String TYPESYSTEM_PHRASE_RECOGNIZER = "com.textocat.textokit.phrrecog.ts-phrase-recognizer";

    /**
     * A name of analysis engine description that can be imported. An
     * implementation of NP recognizer should provide its description at this
     * location either in classpath or UIMA datapath.
     */
    public static final String AE_NP_RECOGNIZER = "com.textocat.textokit.phrrecog.np-recognizer";

    public static TypeSystemDescription getTypeSystemDescription() {
        return TypeSystemDescriptionFactory.createTypeSystemDescription(TYPESYSTEM_PHRASE_RECOGNIZER);
    }

    /**
     * @return import instance. This is preferred way to include the AE into
     * pipeline, especially when a pipeline descriptor is expected to be
     * serialized into XML.
     * @see PipelineDescriptorUtils#createAggregateDescription(java.util.List,
     * java.util.List)
     */
    public static Import getAEImport() {
        Import result = new Import_impl();
        result.setName(AE_NP_RECOGNIZER);
        return result;
    }

    private NPRecognizerAPI() {
    }
}


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Wolverhampton cinema to have fully-digital projector systems
Displays, Film & Cinema News, Install News, Product Release
A Wolverhampton cinema is to go fully digital, after a successful fundraising campaign drummed up enough cash to buy a digital projector system for its second screen.
The Light House media centre, in the Chubb Buildings in Fryer Street has successfully raised some £7,500 in order to purchase the new system. The centre's chief executive, Kelly Jeffs, told the Express and Star newspaper that the money had been raised through the generosity of public donations and arts grants.
"We are so delighted in being able to achieve our target to raise funds to install digital equipment in our second screen," she said. "This will now enable us to enhance our strong film programme even more and allow increased flexibility with agreeing better terms with film distributors."
Previously the cinema only had digital equipment on its main screen, with the other one still reliant on cumbersome reels of film that had to be carefully installed into the projection system. Such technology is becoming obsolete and many films are now released purely in digital format, meaning that the Light House many have been missing out on filling its full capacity.
Some £4,671 of the money was donated by the public, with the balance made up with a grant from the city council.
Bolton cinema fully converts to digital projectors
Gloucester cinema enters digital projection era
Historic Brooklyn cinema highlights importance of digital projection
York Student Cinema raising money for much-needed digital projector
Barco buys majority share in projectiondesign
Scientists develop contact lens projectors
Babar Syed December 21, 2012


Award-winning Moraya Bay is Naples newest and most luxurious beachfront building.
"Sweeping unobstructed vistas of the coastline from the wraparound terrace & building amenities which rival a 5 Star resort."
ath with dual vanities, rain shower and soaking tub, 2 en-suite guest bedrooms, a powder room, office, Grand Salon, dining and separate family room, all of which are elegantly appointed with transitional coastal flair. An array of unique and beautiful designer features include oak and natural stone floors, handcrafted American walnut millwork, ochre horn hardware, media wall, Calcutta waterfall counters highlighting the gourmet kitchen and chefs pantry. The home encompasses all manner of architectural detail which are beyond exceptional and a must see.
In-house restaurant with pool, beach & room service, fitness center, a concierge and 24 hour security for ultimate privacy and comfort.


text:
Koret Family Gallery. Art and Science
1 Jun 2016 — 21 May 2017 at the San Jose Museum of Art in San Jose, United States
Koret Family Gallery. Art and Science. Courtesy of San Jose Museum of Art
At first thought, artistic and scientific practice might seem unrelated: one is focused on expression, the other on data.
Yet the similarities between the way artists and scientists work far outweigh their differences. The scientist's laboratory and the artist's studio are places where learning is achieved through open-ended inquiry, a never-ending cycle of thinking and doing, and the belief that failure and revision is an inherent part of the process. This exhibition celebrates artists represented in SJMA's permanent collection who thrive at the interface between art and science.
In the Koret Family Gallery's interactive Art Learning Labs, visitors are invited to make observations, ask questions, and participate in creative experimentation.
San Jose Museum of Art
The San Jose Museum of Art celebrates new ideas, stimulates creativity, and inspires connection with every visit. Welcoming and thought provoking, the Museum delights visitors with it's surprising and playful perspective on the art and artists of our time.
Museum profile
San Jose, United States
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Speed City
1 Nov 2019 — 5 Apr 2020
Woody De Othello
With Drawn Arms
Beta Space
18 Jul 2019 — 19 Jan 2020
More in United States
Helmut Federle. Basics on Composition
16 Jan — 13 Mar 2021 at Peter Blum Gallery in New York
16 Jan — 6 Feb 2021 at Hashimoto Contemporary in New York
22 Jan — 21 Feb 2021 at New River Fine Art in Fort Lauderdale
Martin Kline: Allover
23 Jan — 6 Mar 2021 at Heather Gaudio Fine Art in New Canaan