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What is Scenario Thinking?
From ScenarioThinking
Scenario planning is a discipline for rediscovering the original entrepreneurial power of creative foresight in contexts of accelerated change, greater complexity, and genuine uncertainty.
--Pierre Wack
This introduction on this page tries to describe Scenario Thinking(Scenario Planning) instead of giving definitions. There is room for many more, possibly contradictory, descriptions of what Scenario Thinking really is.
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1 Why Scenario Thinking(Scenario Planning)
2 What is Scenario Thinking or Scenario Planning
3 Benefits of Scenario Thinking(Scenario Planning)
4 Scenario Thinking(Scenario Planning) Processes
5 Useful Resources about Scenario Thinking and Scenario Planning
Why Scenario Thinking(Scenario Planning)
Nowadays, decision-making has become far more complex than ever before, taking place in a fast changing, highly uncertain information-driven environment where values, behaviours, and social structures are no longer as stable and predictable as they were. The complexity of the environment undermines our ability to understand what the future will look like. Traditional planning and forecasting practices on their own are not enough to serve our needs in getting the insights and answers to the future.
Accountable decision making requires a high element of certainty - an adequate level of knowledge and confidence in our assumptions about that knowledge. Thus the ability for an organisation to critically review its assumptions on external developments and to incorporate thinking about external uncertainties in a structured way is of key importance. Scenario Thinking, introduced by Shell Group Planning in the 1970s, has evolved as a powerful methodology to enable groups to structurally anticipate change and incorporate external uncertainty into the internal decision making process.
What is Scenario Thinking or Scenario Planning
Scenario Thinking, also called scenario planning is a structured process of thinking about and anticipating the unknow future, without pretense of being able to predict the future or being able to influence the environment in a major way. Instead, it navigates through the uncertainties and large-scale driving forces that are impacting on the future. The objective is to examine possible future developments that could impact on individuals, organizations or societies, in order to find directions for decisions that would be most beneficial no matter how the future unfolds. The philosophy is to proactively think and plan for future developments instead of being a passive victim of change.
Scenario thinking always includes a number of possible future scenarios, thus preparing for many possible future events. Succesfuly used by many organizations and governments, Scenario Thinking has proven its worth in the past thirty years.
Benefits of Scenario Thinking(Scenario Planning)
The benefits and applicability of Scenario Thinking and Scenario Planning process and methodology are broad and deep.
Scenario Thinking/Planning establishes a thinking/planning process that enables change anticipation and preparedness, and evaluation and risk assessment across possible environments. Every decision making context – product development, marketing, finance, investment, strategic planning, human resources, policy – faces the challenge of responding to external factors, be they economic, social, political, technological or environmental. Scenario Thinking informs decisions by evaluating them in the context of possible futures.
Scenario Thinking(Scenario Planning) Processes
The process of Scenario Thinking and Scenario Planning is widely recognised as a tool for planning and decision making under uncertainty. There are many different methodologies that go by this name and they vary considerably.
A Scenario Cycle is a presentation of a full scenario cycle, from articulation of the focal issue to the way scenarios are used to change an organisation and to transform strategic uncertainties from liabilities to assets.
However, it is worth noting that this sequence of steps does not necessarily represent an actual thinking process. This cycle is simply a sketch of scenario planning steps, rather than a thinking template. The world is complex and complex situations require a complex representation.
Useful Resources about Scenario Thinking and Scenario Planning
Definition of Scenario Thinking on Wikipeida
Scenario planning basics for distributors This article provides a brief introduction to scenario planning for distributors and shows how to use this valuable tool in a company.
Scenario Development using Computer Aided Morphological Analysis From the Swedish Morphological Society
From Scenario Thinking to Strategic Action
Consulting Articles:
Scenario Thinking - from shock learning to anticipatory learning
Global Future Report
Retrieved from "https://www.scenariothinking.org/index.php?title=What_is_Scenario_Thinking%3F&oldid=19096"
Scenario Thinking Portal
Scenario Driving Forces
Digital Thinking Network
Daniel Erasmus' Homepage
About ScenarioThinking


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Марко Аурелије Карин, био је римски цар од 283. године до јула 285. године. Био је старији син цара Кара, за време чије владавине је управљао западним делом Царства.

Карин је имао успеха у рату против Германа, али је касније напустио овај фронт и прешао у Рим.

После Карове смрти, војска је тражила да се врати са Истока, а цар Нумеријан, млађи Каров син био је принуђен да то прихвати. Током повратка, Нумеријан је био убијен, а Диоклецијан је био проглашен за цара.

Чувши за то, Карин је кренуо према Истоку да се сусретне са Диоклецијаном. На путу кроз Панонију или негде у близини Вероне, Карин је сузбио једног узурпатора, Јулијана и у Мезији се приближио Диоклецијановим трупама.

Када је почела битка код Мораве, Карин је имао више успеха, али је цара изненада убио један незадовољни војник, што је довело до Диоклецијанове победе. По другом извештају, у бици је више успеха од почетка имао Диоклецијан.

По традицији, Карин је био један од најгорих римских царева.

Именовање за цезара

Будући цар Марко Аурелије Карин се родио око 250. године. О његовој младости се не зна ништа. Године 282. легије стациониране у провинцијама Рецији и Норику прогласиле су Кариновог оца префекта преторија Марка Аурелија Кара за цара и подигле устанак против тадашњег цара Проба.. Пробова војска се налазила у панонском граду Сирмијуму (данас Сремска Митровица у Србији). Не желећи да ратују против Кара, војници су убили Проба..

До ступања свог оца на престо, Карин је већ био одрастао човек. Био је ожењен Магнијом Урбиком с којом је можда имао сина који се звао Нигринијан.. Недуго пошто је проглашен за цара септембра 282, Кар је доделио својим синовима доделио титуле најплеменитијих цезара () и "предводника омладине" ().. Крајем 282. Кар и Нумеријан су отишли на исток, у поход на Персију. Успут су разбили Кваде и Сармате. У част ове победе добили су титулу "Германски Највећи", којом се китио и Карин, иако није имао удела у походу. Према Царској повести, пре него што се запутио на исток, Кар је свом старијем сину препустио власт над западним провинцијама и именовао му саветнике. Карин је отпустио своје саветнике и почео да влада самовољно. Кар кајао што је оставио Кара за регента Запада и хтео га је лишити цезарског звања..

За разлику од непунолетних цезара из тог периода, Карин је уживао царске почасти. На новцу који је издаван у његову част приказан је са ловоровим венцем..

Обављао је функцију конзула заједно са оцем 283. године. Почетком те године, након победе над Персијанцима, уздигнут је у ранг августа.. Осим тога, Кар, Карин и Нумеријан су добили победничку титулу "Персијски Највећи". На новцу кованом у Лунгдунуму у част враћања мира приказани су отац и син заједно.. Колегијалност између Кара и Карина, попут оне између Валеријана I и Галијена, служила је као упориште новог режима и обезбеђивала цареву присутност на два места истовремено. По свој прилици, Карин је био Каров фаворизовани наследник, јер је, како се чини, поседовао веће администраторске способности и војни таленат у поређењу са својим млађим братом..

Савладарство са Нумеријаном и смрт

Негде, по свој прилици у другој половини 283. године, Кар је умро у далекој Персији. Његови синови су га наследили без већих потешкоћа. Карин је задржао титулу старијег августа, зато што је он био у стању да одржи привид поретка и задржи лојалност војника..

Постоје докази да је наставио да ратује у Подунављу и повео још један поход против Квада. Натпис из Аквинкума CIL III 3469 се односи на овај рат.

Цар је провео зиму 283/84. у Риму, где је по други пут постао конзул, овај пут са својим млађим братом.. Одатле је отишао у Британију, где је извео поход, на који је алудирао песник Марко Аурелије Олимпије Немезијан у свом делу Кинегетика. Након свршеног похода, Карин је добио победничку титулу "Британски Највећи".

Карова смрт је омогућила амбициозним и незадовољним личностима да окушају своју срећу у борби за престо.

Устанак префекта преторија Сабина Јулијана у Италији избио је недуго пошто је стигла вест да је Нумерија умро на Истоку под неразјашњеним околностима новембра 284.. Побуна је изискивала хитну интервенцију. Карин се то време налазио у Британији. Почетком 285. је кренуо на Јулијана и поразио га недалеко од Вероне..

У изворима се помиње и коректор провинције Венеције и Истре Марко Аурелије Јулијан, који је дигао побуну у подунавским провинцијама. Под његовом контролом су се нашле обе Паноније. Међутим, Јулијан је претрпео пораз од Карина у Илирику. Ове две личности се неретко бркају и мешају.

После Нумеријанове смрти, источна војска је одбила да призна Карина за јединог владара Римског царства и за цара прогласила једног од својих старешина — Диокла. Диокле је касније узео име Диоклецијан, под којим је и ушао у историју..

После победе над Јулијанов, Карин је кренуо у Мезију. Јула 285. његова војска сусрела са Диоклецијановим снагама на Морави. Извори различито описују шта се десило. Према традицији која је непријатељски расположена према Карину, његова војска је одржала победу над Диоклецијаном, али га је у преломном тренутку убио један од његових официра или војника, чију жену је дирао.. Према другој верзији, Карина је напустила војска између Виминацијума (данас Костолца) и Златне планине У прилог тврдње о предаји иде чињеница да је префект преторија Тит Клаудије Марко Аурелије Аристобул после Кариновог пораза остао и под Диоклецијаном на својој функцију и касније успешно наставио каријеру. После смрти Карин је осуђен на заборав ()

Личне особине

Каринов лик је у "Царској повести" приказан у крајње негативном светлу.

Карин, најпокваренији човек од свих, прељубник. Често је кварио омладину (срам ме је рећи шта је Онезим навео у писмима), злоупотребивши и сам својство свог пола. Пошто га је отац оставио у својству цезара, доделивши му Галију и Италију, Илирик, Хиспанију и Британију и Африку, држао је цезарску власт, али је имао такво право да је радио све шта ради август. Упрљао се гадним злочинима и неизмерном гнусношћу. Удаљио је од себе све најбоље пријатеље, а одабрао и држао све најгоре. За префекта града поставио је једног од својих вратара од којег се ружнији није могао замислити нити икад описати. Префекта преторија, кога је имао, убио је. На његово место је поставио старог подводача, једног од својих писара, кога је вазда имао за повереника и помоћника за своје лудости и хирове. Постао је конзул против очеве воље. Сенату је слао писма пуна охолости. Олошу града Рима, као да је римски народ, обећао је добра Сената. Женио се и разводио са девет жена. Многе је отерао док су још биле у другом стању. Двор је напунио плесачицама, блудницама, пантомимичарима, певачима и сводницима. Имао је такво гађење према писању да је неког простака, са којим је увек у подне збијао шале, задужио за писање. Много га је псовао, јер је добро подражавао његов рукопис.

Имао је драгуље на ципелама. Ако копча није била од драгуља, није ју користио. Чак му је и појас био од драгуља. Укратко, многи су га у Илирику звали краљем. се Никада се није појавио пред префектима и конзулима. Безобразним људима је највише дао и увек их звао на гозбу. На својој гозби је често износио по сто либри птица, сто либри риба, хиљаду либри разног меса. Точио је јако пуно вина. Пливао је међу воћем и дињама. Благоваонице и спаваће собе прекрио је ружама из Медиоланума. Купао се у купатилима, која су била хладна колико и подземне коморе, и расхлађивао у хладионицама, које су биле пуне снега. Када је у време зиме дошао у неко место, у којем је изворска вода врућа, каква је обично по својој природи преко зиме, и купао се у њој у базену, преноси се да је рекао базенџијама: "Спремили сте ми воду за жене". Његов отац, чувши шта је овај радио, викао је: "Он није мој син". Најпосле је одлучио да, Констанција, који је после постао цезар а тада био намесник Далмације, предложи на његово место, јер му се тада ниједан човек није чинио бољим, а овога (Карина), како Онезим прича, да убије.

Колико је тачно оно што се наводи у Царској повести, тешко је рећи. Наводи су по свој прилици одраз Диоклецијанове пропаганде. Негативан став према Карину изграђен на оваквим причама, подстицали су и каснији владари. . Биле те приче истините или не, после Нумеријанове смрти војници нису изразили ни најмању жељу да признају Карина за цара..

Извори
 -{Vopisc. Carin.}-
 -{Aurel. Vict. Caes. xxxviii.}-
 -{Epit. xxxviii.}-
 -{Zonar. xii. 30}-
 -{Eutrop. ix. 12.}-

Напомене

Референце

Литература

Умрли 285.
Римски цареви
Криза III века

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Welcome to Contemporary Art: 1945 to 1970!!
Pablo Picasso, Self Portrait with Cloak, 1901.
Lee Krasner, The Seasons, 1957. 7 3/4' X 17'.
Willem de Kooning, Woman and Bicycle, 1952 - 1953.
Francis Bacon, Study After Velazquez's Portrait of Pope Innocent X, 1953.
Richard Hamilton, Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing? 1956.
Andy Warhol, Gold Marilyn, 1962.
What to consider when looking at art?
Chronology - When was it made?
Provenance - Where was it made?
Style - How does it look?
Iconography - What symbols are used?
Artist - Who made it?
Meaning, Cause and Context - What does it mean? Why was it made? Under what circumstances was it created?


text:
Die äquivalente Sandrauigkeit oder äquivalente Sandrauheit  ist ein Begriff der Strömungslehre. Sie wird verwendet, um verschiedene Oberflächen in ihrer Qualität bezüglich Strömungsvorgängen zu vergleichen.

Herkunft des Begriffes
Da es problematisch ist, verschiedene Oberflächen wie z. B. in Holzrohren, sauberen Metallrohren und verschmutzten Abflussrohren miteinander zu vergleichen, wurde um 1900 versucht, eine Vergleichsmöglichkeit zu bestimmen.

Dazu mussten Rohre hergestellt werden, die über eine bestimmte Länge eine exakt gleiche und exakt definierbare Oberflächengüte besitzen. Da das Innere eines Rohres nicht ohne weiteres mechanisch bearbeitet werden kann, musste es – um die definierte Oberfläche zu erhalten – beschichtet werden. Die Beschichtung bestand aus gesiebtem Sand, welchem durch seine Korngröße ein bestimmter Rauigkeitswert zugeschrieben werden kann.

Durch umfangreiche Versuche wurden so die Strömungseigenschaften verschiedener beschichteter Rohre ermittelt.

Bedeutung in der Technik
Die äquivalente Sandrauheit bestimmt zusammen mit dem Rohrdurchmesser D und der Reynoldszahl Re die Rohrreibungszahl :
 durch Auflösen der universellen Fließformel nach Colebrook und White
 mit der Formel von Miller für praktische Anwendungsfälle
oder graphisch
 mit dem Moodydiagramm
 bequemer und genauer mit den zwei Nomogrammen vom Mock

bei laminarer Strömung ist

Auf diese Weise kann mit der empirisch ermittelten Reibungszahl  ein Rohr in seiner Durchströmungsqualität mit einem anderen verglichen werden.

In Katalogen ist die äquivalente Sandrauheit verschiedener Rohrtypen aufgelistet. Jedoch unterliegen diese Werte teilweise erheblichen Schwankungen, weshalb bei der Konstruktion eines Rohrsystems ein großzügiger Sicherheitsfaktor notwendig ist.

Aquivalente Sandrauigkeit


text:
Home Hospitals
Abandoned: St. Mary's Mercy Hospital
In the final installment of the Gary series, we take a look at the skeleton of a healthcare organization founded over one hundred years ago.
Originally established in 1908, St. Mary's Mercy Hospital would see multiple additions and renovations over the years while it expanded to accommodate the city's growing number of residents. But when the fortunes of Gary turned and the citizens fled, the hospital became economically superfluous; the reduced population base could not financially support operations.
The debt-ridden facility endured a slow and painful contraction before finally closing in 1995. Several attempts were made to reuse the building–including the moving of the city's police department into the newest wing–but half of the complex was never re-appropriated and left vacant. Today, the remaining structures have deteriorated and are likely beyond repair.
Fundraising ad shows planned design for St. Mary's, circa 1910
When Gary was founded in 1906, the steel company did not initially plan for adequate medical facilities. In 1908, the Sisters of St. Francis founded what would later become known as St. Mary's Mercy Hospital. The medical center would begin life as four crudely-equipped private residences connected via walkways. Initially, it would have just 20 beds.
As the town grew, the need for larger facilities quickly became apparent. In 1910 the Sisters of St. Francis decided to expand the hospital, and soon construction began on a five-story rectangular brick building on the corner of West 6th Avenue and Tyler Street (above). However by 1912 the Franciscan sisters would run out of funds, leaving the building unfinished and in search of another suitor.
St. Mary's Mercy Hospital, 1919 (Click thumbnails to enlarge)
L-to-R: kitchen, office (1924), patient ward. Below: operating room
In 1913 regional cleric Bishop Alerding called in the order of Ancilli Domini (Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ) to finish construction of the hospital. They completed the fundraising for the Bishop and by December of 1914 the new St. Mary's Mercy Hospital was finally opened.
A first-class building when opened, the facility was rated class A by the American Hospital Association.
St. Mary's would continue to grow with numerous additions made over the years. In 1918 the Gary Land Company donated a parcel of land next door to allow the hospital to expand. The additional wing would add 150 beds and allow the building to also house the Gary Works Hospital, which had previously been located at the plant.
St. Mary's Mercy Hospital postcards
Top: 1923 pre-expansion. Bottom: 1930s, post-expansion
In 1927 yet another extension to the hospital was completed, further growing the capacity; the hospital would eventually accommodate 300 beds at its peak after the multiple additions and updates.
The hospital had multiple departments (surgery, obstetrics, x-ray, and physiotherapy) but would specialize in obstetrics and pediatric cases. Mary Mercy also ran a school of nursing in the building.
For decades Mary Mercy Hospital would be a premiere healthcare facility in Gary, and it boasted a resume which included celebrity connections. The hospital was the birthplace of Michael, Janet, and the rest of the Jackson siblings.
In 1978, the facility attempted to save California Angels player Lymon Bostock's life when he was shot and killed in downtown Gary.
Northwest Family Hospital, aka St. Mary's Mercy Hospital, circa 2013
(central concrete façade part of later renovation on original structure)
Like everything else in Gary, Mary Mercy's fortunes would rise and fall with steel. The decline arguably began in the 1960s; the hospital began contracting when the population growth trends of Gary reversed.
By 1968 the St. Mary Mercy Hospital Nursing School was shut down.
A reorganization in 1974 saw the hospital renamed to St. Mary's Medical Center after an update. It was during this time the new west wing was added which today houses the Gary Police Department.
However it would be a downward slope for the rest of the aging structure. By 1993 the hospital was in financial dire straits; it needed to find a buyer or the facility would be forced to close, leaving 450 people unemployed.
Ancilla Systems and the Lakeshore Health System had unsuccessfully been operating St. Mary's for years. In May of 1993, the now 162-bed hospital was sold to Summit Medical Holdings, Ltd, an Atlanta-based hospital corporation.
Summit's operations were nationwide, spanning numerous for-profit hospitals in Louisiana, Texas, Tennessee, California, and Illinois. By December the acquisition had been completed and Summit wasted no time attempting to update & streamline the facility. P
art of the plan involved a new name; it was now known as the Northwest Family Hospital, and for the first time it was now completely medicaid and medicare-eligible.
Despite Summit's attempt to make the hospital profitable, the macro-economic hardships effecting Gary were too powerful to overcome. Restructures would continue into 1994, and each one involved another round of layoffs.
On March 10th of 1995, Summit Medical gave employees the federally-mandated 60-day Worker Retraining Notification Act notice of its intentions to close the hospital.
Days before the hospital was scheduled to close, Summit rescinded the order while hope of a sale to a group of investors gained traction in the eleventh hour.
The Northwest Family and Gary Mercy Foundations, non-profits spearheaded by doctors and community leaders including City Judge (now mayor) Karen Freeman-Wilson, worked with Summit in at attempt to rescue the struggling facility.
Mary Mercy Hospital, 2013
Eager to exit their collapsing investment, Summit agreed to sell the hospital to the groups for one dollar.
Dr. Chiedu Nchekwube, a member of the purchasing group, told the press
"[Summit] said, somebody, just take this off of our hands – whoever that somebody is. This is a guesstimation, but I really don't think they are looking to get anything out of it. I think they are looking for someone to simply take over their liability.
Actually, when we had our first meeting, they even gave us a dollar to buy it. They handed it to Dr. [William] Washington and said, 'Take it and pay us when we're ready.'"
Despite valiant attempts by the Gary foundations to keep the hospital operating, they entered in the process too late and were ineligible to purchase the building; Federal regulations at the time disallowed private practices from purchasing hospitals.
Dr. Nchekwube and his associates scrambled to form the proper entity to qualify for purchase, but time was running out as the layoffs would continue.
Financing would ultimately be the problem for the foundations; they had the dollar for purchase but not the capital to fund full operations and payroll. It was estimated $2-$3 million was needed just to keep the hospital operating for the next 45 to 90 days.
Undeterred, the groups negotiated with other agencies to determine how the building might be used for alternative health care services.
"Our goal is to get the building out of bankruptcy at the cheapest amount possible and divide it out into health-related uses, the Health Start administrative office would be an example," said Gary Mercy Foundation member Freeman-Wilson.
By August of 1995 it was clear the deal was not going to get done and Summit was forced to re-issue the Federally-mandated 60-day notice to Northwest Family's employees. In another effort to appease creditors, the management company sold most of the remaining fixtures, furniture, and equipment over the next several months.
In the middle of October 1995, Summit was forced to close the emergency room and lay off over 100 workers.
(Click thumbnails to enlarge)
Closure & Garage Sale
By November of 1995 Northwest Family Hospital was drowning in debt. Summit owed nearly $1.2 million in property taxes, real estate taxes, and other penalties.
The beleaguered hospital management company sought forgiveness of the debts from the Lake County Commissioners. Officials from Summit reported the hospital lost more than $3 million in 1994, the year for which they owed the $1,181,106.50 in taxes and penalties.
Finally, on November 24th during Thanksgiving of 1995, the obsolete and spartan hospital was shut down for good after nearly 90 years of continuous operation. It was a disaster for the remaining 150 medical workers who risked staying at the hospital despite the numerous warning signs of closure.
According to Gary Mercy Foundation member Dr. Chiedu Nchekwube, "Nobody really wanted it to close, but the marketplace changed and we had to change with it."
In November of the following year, Dayton Ohio-based National Content Liquidators, Inc. was hired to conduct a massive garage sale at the shuttered complex. Bargain hunters prowled the abandoned buildings for deals on the remaining medical and office equipment which was being sold at pennies on the dollar.
A sign on the wall of the information desk told shoppers everything was fair game except "fire extinguishers, carts, bed parts and samples." Shoppers bought everything that was left, from chairs to file cabinets and staplers. One shopper even left with a toilet seat.
Remaining medical equipment was liquidated as well. In what was once the emergency room, shelves and carts were filled with devices and equipment, including a dozen or more defibrillators, surgical instruments, and microscopes. An arthroscopic surgery system, which at the time sold new for about $19,000, was priced at the Northwest Family Hospital sale for $3,800.
The sale lasted until everything was sold. "Our intention here is not to leave anything behind," said a spokesman from National Content Liquidators. Proceeds from the sale were used to offset some of the debts held by the bankruptcy estate.
New Tenant
Several attempts to re-appropriate Mercy Hospital would happen over the years. The most successful was the proposal from mayor Scott King which would come in October of 1998. His plan called for the closed hospital to be converted into a public service facility; the police department would move into the newer west wing of Mercy Hospital and part of the building would be converted into a jail.
Despite community backlash, the idea made fiscal sense. The police department was in need of a new home; construction of a new facility would cost an estimated $25 million dollars while converting the abandoned hospital was estimated to cost $14 million. The proposal would eventually be approved and the conversion began.
By 2001 plans were underway to enact King's earlier proposal and the Police Department began moving into the building. By 2003 the move of the police department to Mercy had been completed, and to this day it remains Gary's police headquarters (map).
The police department was using less than 50% of the complex, however, and citizens of Gary wanted to find a use for the remaining unused square footage.
In January of 2004 Lake County Sheriff Roy Dominguez submitted a proposal to convert a portion of the old St. Mary Mercy Hospital into a comprehensive substance abuse rehabilitation center for adults and juveniles.
The idea was well-received, but it would take millions of dollars to rehabilitate the now dilapidated structure and an economic feasibility study was never completed. After the failed Dominguez proposal, the future for Mary Mercy looked bleak.
The real estate collapse in 2008 all but sealed the fate of the old edifice.
Aerial photo shows newer, 1970s addition currently occupied by police department
(courtesy bing)
Today, the unused portion of the building is likely beyond repair after nearly 20 years of exposure to salvaging thieves, vandals, and of course mother nature. Initially there were community fears of demolition, but those have subsided as the building appears safe for now.
As long as crime and economic woes plague Gary, the threat of redevelopment is low and landmarks such as St. Mary's Mercy Hospital appear to be safe from demolition.
vintage pictures courtesy Mercy Foundation & Calumet Regional Archives; modern pictures courtesy the Idiot Photographer
Sometimes Interesting has teamed up with the Idiot Photographer to bring the reader a rare and unique insight to the history of Gary, Indiana. Over the course of this month we will feature various structures around town and tell their history.
This post concludes the Gary, Indiana series. We hope you've enjoyed the view into Gary's history we've presented this month. Thanks for following along; feel free to comment and let us know which were your favorites.
Previous articleAmbassador Apartments of Gary, Indiana
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text:
ITV return to Death Row with Susanna Reid
June 20, 2019 Broadcasting, Telly Today Doug Lambert
Telly Today: Susanna Reid is back on death row, a US Air Force bombardier trying to avoid death and a hotel worse than death for Alex Polizzi in Thursday's Telly Today this June 20th.
One to Watch: Death Row, ITV, STV and UTV at 9pm
In the second instalment of this two-part documentary series in ITV's Crime & Punishment strand, Susanna Reid travels to Texas, home of the most active death chamber in the United States, to meet notorious Death Row inmate Billie Wayne Coble during the countdown to his execution.
In 1989, Coble pleaded guilty to triple murder and has been languishing on Death Row ever since, having once been described by a prosecutor as having a 'heart full of scorpions.' Now 70 years old, Coble is fighting for a last minute stay of execution. If it fails, he is set to become the oldest man put to death in Texas in modern times.
Susanna is granted Coble's final television interview in the eight-day run up to his death date. During the in-depth meeting, Susanna revisits the night of the crime in an attempt to find out why Billie Wayne committed the brutal murders.
Coble had driven to the small town of Axtell in central Texas on the hunt for his estranged third wife Karen Vicha, who was threatening to divorce him. But when he arrived she wasn't home, so instead he shot dead her brother, father and mother.
Delving into his family life, Susanna builds a picture of what kind of man Coble was 29 years ago and what kind of man he is now. She explores with him what it is like knowing when, where and how he is going to die. As Coble's date with death looms ever closer, Susanna speaks to those affected by the case, including Karen's nephew JR Vicha. Susanna also spends time with Billie's only son Gordon and his family as they prepare themselves to witness a loved one condemned to death.
On the day of Coble's execution, Susanna is outside the death chamber, immersed in the intense atmosphere as the hours count down, alongside both those who have waited for this day for 30 years and those closest to him, who are praying that a stay of execution comes at the 11th hour.
Susannah Reid has switched the GMB studio for the prison visiting rooms of America.
Catch-22, Channel 4 at 9pm
Catch-22, a brand new US drama based on Joseph Heller's seminal novel of the same name, is the story of incomparable artful dodger Yossarian, a US Air Force bombardier in World War II who is furious because thousands of people who he has never met are trying to kill him.
His real problem is not the enemy, however, but rather his own side, which keeps increasing the number of missions the men must fly to complete their service. Yet if Yossarian makes any attempt to avoid his dangerous assignments, he'll be in violation of Catch-22, a hilariously sinister bureaucratic rule that specifies a concern for one's own safety in the face of immediate danger is the process of a rational mind.
A man is considered insane if he willingly continues to fly dangerous combat missions, but a request to be removed from active duty is evidence of sanity, which immediately makes him ineligible. In the first episode, young American flyers arrive in war and discover that military bureaucracy is deadlier than the enemy.
The Hotel Inspector, Channel 5, 8pm
More truthful advice and room renovations from former Forté executive Alex Polizzi, the Hotel Inspector for Channel 5.
Tonight visits Horley near Gatwick to help Quasim, the owner, improve his ailing Surrey guesthouse, The Lawn Guest House. In one scene Alex describes the establishment as "a dump" so things can only improve and they need to – with thirteen other B&Bs all battling for the same trade in the local area. With business far from booming the establishment is struggling to make its monthly repayments.
Alex can see the potential in Quasim's business, but curbing his expensive tastes to maximise profits turns out to be far from easy.
Stephen Fry leads tributes to Richard Briers
Sky continue to commit to comedy
ATV Featured
Jane McDonald to present Star Treatment
Olly Murs and Caroline Flack replace Dermot O'Leary on The X Factor
Susan Calman to present Armchair Detectives for BBC One daytime
ITV enter Beecham House with Tom Bateman and Lesley Nicol


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Q: HowTo access correct data inside an AdvancedDataGridColumn-ItemRenderer? How can I access the specific .data (based on its dataField) inside an AdvancedDatagridColumn-ItemRenderer instead retrieving the whole data for the parent AdvancedDataGrids dataprovider?
Any idea?
Many thanks...

A: In an itemRenderer, your dataProvider's object is passed in to the data property of the itemRenderer.  Your itemRenderer will need to implement the IDataRenderer interface
http://livedocs.adobe.com/flex/3/langref/mx/core/IDataRenderer.html
Most Flex Framework Components already implement this interface.
The way that the DataGrid component works internally is to call an itemToLabel function ( http://livedocs.adobe.com/flex/3/langref/mx/controls/listClasses/AdvancedListBase.html#itemToLabel() ) to figure out the label to display.  This function will look at the dataField and dateFunction and return a string representing your item.
The results of this function are passed into the itemRenderer as part of the AdvancedDataGridListData class.  Take a look at the label property:
http://livedocs.adobe.com/livecycle/8.2/programLC/common/langref/mx/controls/advancedDataGridClasses/AdvancedDataGridListData.html
You can also use DataGridListData.owner to access the dataField directly, although that would be an unusual approach.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Le Championnat de La Réunion de football 1968 était la  de la compétition qui fut remportée par la SS Saint-Louisienne.

Classement

|}

Références

Lien externe

  Page du championnat sur RSSSF

1968
Années 1960 à La Réunion
Histoire du sport à La Réunion
Football en France en 1968


text:
Q: youtube v3 api error when searching with forMine set to false I am writing some functions with the Youtube API version 3.  I am using python but confirmed my error in the google provided test console.
(I am making all authorized requests, just didn't paste my key below)
The Python client library automatically adds the forMine parameter to my Search().list() request, though I can set it to false. I am unable to remove the parameter from my request, if I omit the argument, it defaults to true. If I set it to false, I get this error:
googleapiclient.errors.HttpError: <HttpError 400 when requesting https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3/search?forMine=false&maxResults=50&q=week&part=snippet&alt=json&type=playlist&order=date returned "The request contains an invalid combination of search filters and/or restrictions. Note that you must set the type parameter to video if you set a value for the eventType, videoCaption, videoCategoryId, videoDefinition, videoDimension, videoDuration, videoEmbeddable, videoLicense, videoSyndicated, or videoType parameters.">

Symptoms on the API Explorer:
request that fails (forMine parameter removed):
GET https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3/search?part=snippet&forMine=false&q=week&type=playlist&key={YOUR_API_KEY}

request that doesn't fail (forMine parameter set to false):
GET https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3/search?part=snippet&q=week&type=playlist&key={YOUR_API_KEY}

my python code that fails which I believe should work:

result = youtube_service.search().list(part='snippet', forMine=False, q='test', type='playlist', maxResults=50).execute()

Can anyone verify that this is either my bug or an API bug?

A: It does look like there is a bug in the API whereby the forMine attribute is throwing an error when set to false (it should be ignoring it when false, but instead it's treating it like a string parameter where it triggers particular conditions when it has ANY value). The client code in the github repo looks correct, as does the discovery API for YouTube, so the problem is most likely a backend one that the engineers need to address.  You could try setting forMine=None to see if you can get that parameter to not send, or you could look at the code for the client (https://github.com/google/google-api-python-client/blob/master/googleapiclient/discovery.py) and write your own 'build' function that strips out the forMine parameter it gets from the discovery URI. But until this issue is addressed at the engineering level then hackish workarounds will be necessary; consider reporting at:
https://code.google.com/p/gdata-issues/issues/list?q=label:API-YouTube