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History and Examination
Ptosis and Lid Lag
Authored by Dr Laurence Knott, Reviewed by Dr Adrian Bonsall | Last edited 15 Jan 2015 | Meets Patient's editorial guidelines
Professional Reference articles are designed for health professionals to use. They are written by UK doctors and based on research evidence, UK and European Guidelines. You may find the Eye Problems article more useful, or one of our other health articles.
Associated diseases
Ptosis is a term applied to drooping of the eyelid. It can be unilateral or bilateral, complete or incomplete, acquired or congenital. Lid lag means delay in moving the eyelid as the eye moves downwards. It is a common finding in thyroid disease when it is known as Graefe's sign.
There is no race or gender predilection. Acquired ptosis usually develops later in life.[1]Congenital ptosis usually presents at birth but is sometimes detected within the first year of life.[2]
Adults usually notice a change in their appearance and may complain that they always look sleepy and tired.[1]They may also note reduced visual fields. A history should cover the date of onset, any previous trauma or eye surgery, relieving or aggravating surgery and any relevant family or medical history. In children with congenital ptosis, there is a history of unilateral or bilateral drooping eyelid, the onset of which may be elicited by looking at family photographs if available.[3]On examining such photographs, other relatives with ptosis may be identified, in which case a familial cause is highly likely. The history should also enquire about:
Medication and allergy reactions - eyelid oedema can mimic ptosis.
Fluctuating ptosis - may indicate myasthenia gravis.
History of cancer or symptoms indicative of cancer - metastases or primary orbital tumours can cause malposition of the eyelid.
A history of trauma - a fractured orbit can result in pseudoptosis with enophthalmos. A third nerve palsy may also result in ptosis.
Headaches - these can result from overactivity of the frontalis muscle as the patient tries to raise the eyelid.
A limited examination can be conducted in primary care but various measurements can be taken with the eye in primary gaze (defined as the position of the eyes when fixating straight ahead on an object at infinity) including:
The palpebral fissure (PF) - the distance between the upper and lower eyelid in vertical alignment with the centre of the pupil.
The marginal reflex distance 1 (MRD-1) - the distance between the centre of the pupillary light reflex and the upper eyelid margin with the eye in primary gaze.
MRD-2 - the distance between the centre of the pupillary light reflex and the lower eyelid margin with the eye in primary gaze.
Levator function - the distance the eyelid travels from downgaze to upgaze while the frontalis muscle is held inactive at the brow.
The margin fold distance (MFD) - the distance from the upper eyelid margin to the fold of skin.
Other features to look out for on examination
Abnormalities of tear production.
Lower eyelid laxity or scleral show.
Lagophthalmos (difficulty in complete closure of the eyelid over the eyeball).
Anterior displacement of the globe within the orbit.
Pseudoptosis, which can result from a number of conditions that alter the appearance of the eyeball (see 'Differential diagnosis', below).
Eyelid retraction - requires exclusion of thyroid orbitopathy.
Lid lag
This is not normally noticed by the patient, but is discovered when a patient with thyroid disease has an eye examination. The feature is elicited by asking the patient to follow with their eyes an object moving slowly from their upper to lower field of vision and vice versa. In lid lag, the upper eyelid lags behind the upper edge of the iris as the eye moves downward. A similar phenomenon is seen with the lower edge, when the eye moves upwards. If the object is moved too quickly, the diagnosis may be missed.
Differential diagnosis of congenital ptosis
Chronic progressive external
ophthalmoplegia (a disorder characterised by slowly progressive paralysis of the extraocular muscles) Myasthenia gravis Acquired myogenic ptosis
Blepharochalasis (relaxation of the skin of the eyelid, due to atrophy of the intercellular tissue) Aponeurotic ptosis (the result of a failure of the distal end of the aponeurosis to attach in the usual position) Neurogenic ptosis
Mechanical ptosis Traumatic ptosis Pseudoptosis - usually caused by alteration in the appearance of the orbit, such as microphthalmos, enophthalmos or orbital fracture
Myotonic dystrophy Acquired blepharoptosis (see 'Adult ptosis', below) Kearns-Sayre syndrome - this triad includes onset in persons younger than 20 years, chronic, progressive, external ophthalmoplegia, pigmentary degeneration of the retina and cardiac problems
There is a long list of conditions which enter the differential diagnosis of acquired ptosis. The main ones are as follows:[4]
Differential diagnosis of acquired ptosis
Anophthalmos Bell's palsy Benign essential blepharospasm
Orbital cellulitis Preseptal cellulitis Chalazion
Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia Giant papillary conjunctivitis Atopic dermatitis
Duane's syndrome (dysfunction of the eye muscles, normally evident by the age of ten) Exophthalmos Capillary haemangioma
Horner's syndrome Eyelid laceration Lyme disease
Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome Multiple sclerosis Myasthenia gravis
Neuro-ophthalmic history Neurofibromatosis type 1 Oculomotor nerve palsy
Apex orbital fracture Fracture of the floor of the orbit Undiagnosed congenital ptosis
Thyroid ophthalmopathy Uveitis Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Investigations[5]
Test to exclude myasthenia gravis, such as serum acetylcholine receptor antibody level, edrophonium chloride (Tensilon®) test and electromyography (EMG) should be checked if this condition is suspected.
MRI or CT scanning of the orbit and brain may be helpful in certain circumstances - for example:[1]
The diagnosis is not evident from the history and examination.
A history of trauma suggests orbital fracture.
Other neurological symptoms are suggestive of neurological disease.
There is a visible or palpable lid mass.
There is a suspicion of orbital tumours.
There is new-onset Horner's syndrome or third cranial nerve palsy, with or without other neurological findings.
Enophthalmos or proptosis is present with globe displacement.
Other investigations
Depending on the presentation, other relevant tests may be needed, such as mitochondrial assays to exclude mitochondrial disorders of the muscle.
Adult ptosis
Tests for myasthenia gravis as above.
ECG, EMG, mitochondrial studies and electroretinogram may be needed to exclude chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia.
Consider TFTs for patients with suspected thyroid ophthalmopathy.
Lid lag[6]
TFTs should be performed. CT scan of the orbit may be required in cases of diagnostic difficulty.
This is often idiopathic but may be associated with:
Poor visual acuity or strabismus.
Birth trauma.
Periorbital tumours.
Neuroma or neurofibroma.
Neuropathic:
Horner's syndrome.
3rd nerve lesion.
Papilloedema.
Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome - the eye winks when the jaw moves; also known as trigemino-oculomotor synkinesis and thought to be an aberrant connection between the motor branches of the trigeminal nerve and fibres of the superior division of the oculomotor nerve.[7]
Horner's syndrome - paralysis of the sympathetic nerves, causing unilateral ptosis with ipsilateral constriction of the pupil and sweating.
3rd nerve lesion - usually complete ptosis, with ophthalmoplegia with a dilated, unreactive pupil.
Plexiform neuroma - this is associated with neurofibroma type 1.
Myopathy, myasthenia gravis - the ptosis may be unilateral or bilateral.
Levator dehiscence (aponeurotic ptosis) - this is due to a dysfunction of the superior rectus and levator muscles. It may be iatrogenic (eg, damage during suturing), in which case the condition is unilateral, or degenerative due to senility, which is usually bilateral.
Corneal abrasion.
Foreign body.
The majority of lid lag is seen in thyroid ophthalmopathy (also known as Graves' ophthalmopathy). It is seen in 25-50% of adults with Grave's disease.[8]Other common associated conditions are Graves' disease in children, hyperthyrotoxicosis and anxiety (all these are reflections of increased adrenergic tone).
Congenital ptosis[5]
Mild cases may require no initial treatment. The patient should, however, be monitored every 3-4 months for signs which suggest the development of amblyopia (poor or blurry vision, usually in one eye, also called 'lazy eye'), strabismus, or abnormal head posture.
Surgical treatment should be considered for patients who start to develop complications. The type of operation depends on the underlying diagnosis and the degree of function of the levator muscle. Options include levator muscle suspension, suspension of the frontalis muscle (tightening of the brow muscles) and, rarely, in congenital cases, the Fasanella-Servat procedure, in which a block of tissue is removed from the underside of the lid.[9]
Whitnall's sling - use of Whitnall's ligament to form a sling.
Müller's procedure (a technique which involves the resiting of Müller's muscle, an involuntary, sympathetically innervated muscle that originates below the levator aponeurosis just distal to the Whitnall's ligament).
Adult ptosis[5]
Underlying disease should be treated (eg, myasthenia gravis).
Patients who do not wish to undergo surgery may prefer the lid being taped, using Micropore® tape. They should also use lubricants when employing this method, as the blinking mechanism will be less efficient. Alternatively, some patients may wish to use spectacles with a lid attachment which holds up the eyelid.
Surgical options include frontalis slings, levator resection, correction of any abnormality of the levator muscle and the Fasanella-Servat procedure.[9]
This usually does not cause symptoms requiring treatment and may resolve when the patient becomes euthyroid. In severe cases of thyroid eye disease with exophthalmos, lubricants may be required to prevent or treat exposure keratitis.[10]
Complications may include amblyopia, strabismus and abnormal posture of the head (the chin-up position).
Reduced field of vision and headaches due to tension of the frontalis muscle can occur. Anxiety about appearance may result in social isolation and cause significant psychological complications.
There are no significant complications.
Surgical correction usually produces excellent results and amblyopia can be avoided or treated successfully if detected early enough.
The treatment of myasthenia gravis results in the correction of ptosis in about 70% of patients.[11]
Excellent results are usually achieved when operative procedures are performed by experienced surgeons.[12]
Rizvi SA, Gupta Y, Yousuf S; Evaluation of safety and efficacy of silicone rod in tarsofrontalis sling surgery for severe congenital ptosis. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014 Jan-Feb30(1):11-4. doi: 10.1097/IOP.0b013e3182a74f44.
Mahroo OA, Hysi PG, Dey S, et al; Outcomes of ptosis surgery assessed using a patient-reported outcome measure: an exploration of time effects. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014 Mar98(3):387-90. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303946. Epub 2013 Dec 16.
Finsterer J; Ptosis: causes, presentation, and management. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2003 May-Jun27(3):193-204. Epub 2003 Aug 21.
Allard FD, Durairaj VD; Current techniques in surgical correction of congenital ptosis. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2010 Apr17(2):129-33. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.63073.
Griepentrog GJ, Diehl NN, Mohney BG; Incidence and demographics of childhood ptosis. Ophthalmology. 2011 Jun118(6):1180-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.10.026. Epub 2011 Apr 15.
Cohen A et al; Adult Ptosis, Medscape, Mar 2013
Sudhakar P; Upper Eyelid Ptosis Revisited, American Journal of Clinical Medicine,6(3): 2009.
Maheshwari R, Weis E; Thyroid associated orbitopathy. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2012 Mar-Apr60(2):87-93.
Demirci H, Frueh BR, Nelson CC; Marcus Gunn jaw-winking synkinesis: clinical features and management. Ophthalmology. 2010 Jul117(7):1447-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.11.014. Epub 2010 Feb 25.
Hsaio C; Update on Thyroid Eye Disease, Review of Ophthalmology, 2009.
Pang NK, Newsom RW, Oestreicher JH, et al; Fasanella-Servat procedure: indications, efficacy, and complications. Can J Ophthalmol. 2008 Feb43(1):84-8. doi: 10.3129/i07-181.
Alsuhaibani AH, Nerad JA; Thyroid-associated orbitopathy. Semin Plast Surg. 2007 Feb21(1):65-73. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-967751.
Kupersmith MJ, Ying G; Ocular motor dysfunction and ptosis in ocular myasthenia gravis: effects of treatment. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005 Oct
Pupillary Abnormalities
hello all, Long story short I've been suffering from undiagnosed eye aches/pain and headaches behind and around my eyes for the last 2 months. I've been to 3 ophthalmologists with no definitive...
jrbball7
Last Reviewed 15 January 2015
Next Review 14 January 2020
Author Dr Laurence Knott


WASHINGTON - The independent federal commission that investigated the Sept. 11, 2001, terror attacks is scheduled to shut its doors today, ending a 20-month investigation that rewrote the history of the attacks and that has pushed President Bush and Congress this summer to weigh an overhaul of the nation's intelligence agencies.
On the commission's last full day of operations yesterday, commission officials said the panel's 10 members would soon open a small, privately financed office in Washington that would continue to lobby on behalf of the commission's recommendations. Commission members have testified almost daily this month before congressional committees, which have held unusual midsummer hearings on legislation to respond to the commission's final report.
"Through the commission's public hearings, staff statements and final report, we believe we have fulfilled our mandate," the commission's chairman, Thomas H. Kean, and vice chairman, Lee H. Hamilton, said in a statement issued yesterday.
"Success will be measured by the implementation of our recommendations," they said.
"While the commission will cease to exist as a government entity, we and the other eight former commissioners will continue to work as an independent, bipartisan group to educate the country about our report and monitor its implementation."
The final report, released late last month, cataloged intelligence and law-enforcement failures in the months and years before the Sept. 11 attacks and called for a restructuring of the government's method of gathering and sharing intelligence, with a national intelligence director appointed to oversee the nation's 15 spy agencies.
Bush and congressional leaders have embraced some of the central recommendations of the bipartisan panel, known formally as the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States.
But debate continues over whether to create the post of national intelligence director and whether to provide the job with the full budgetary and personnel authority that the commission recommended. Bush has suggested that he wants a national intelligence director with some, but not full, authority over budgets and the hiring and firing of the intelligence agency managers.
Members of the commission have credited much of the success of the panel, which is likely to be remembered for having conducted one of the most productive investigations in the annals of federal blue-ribbon commissions, to the bipartisan spirit of Kean, the former Republican governor of New Jersey, and Hamilton, the veteran House Democrat and former chairman of the House Intelligence Committee.
In their statement yesterday, the men referred to the need for bipartisanship in dealing with terrorists: "We believe terrorism is the national security challenge of our generation, and now is the time to act, not as Republicans or Democrats, but together, united as Americans."
Since the final release of the report, both men have been mentioned as potential candidates for the job of national intelligence director, and that speculation is likely to grow with Kean's announcement this week that he would step down in spring as president of Drew University in Madison, N.J., after 15 years at the university.
A spokesman for the Sept. 11 commission, Al Felzenberg, said that Kean had ruled out an immediate return to politics in New Jersey; he had been mentioned as a potential Republican candidate for governor if a special election is held in the aftermath of Gov. James E. McGreevey's resignation last week.
But Felzenberg said that Kean, whose resignation statement noted that he would turn 70 next year, "will find lots of great opportunities."


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Culture Post: High School Students Tend to Get More Motivated Over Time
By [reposted by] Jim Liebelt · March 12, 2021
Published in Families, Culture, Education, Teen Behaviors
*The following is excerpted from an online article posted on EurekAlert.
Parents may fear that if their high school student isn't motivated to do well in classes, there's nothing that will change that.
But a new study that followed more than 1,600 students over two years found that students' academic motivation often did change – and usually for the better.
Results showed that increasing students' sense of "belongingness" in school was one key way of increasing academic motivation.
"Our results point to a more hopeful picture for students who start out with lower levels of motivation – they tend to shift toward more adaptive profiles with better motivational characteristics over time," said Kui Xie, lead author of the study and professor of educational studies at The Ohio State University.
The study found that motivation was more complex than often assumed. Students often hold multiple types of motivation that drive their academic behavior. For example, some students may be motivated to do well in school by both their intrinsic love of learning, but also the desire to get a good job after graduation.
Results placed students into six different profiles, from worst, which was a-motivated – those who were not motivated at all – to best, autonomous motivated, meaning the student had an inner desire to learn, with no outside influence needed.
The study was published recently in the Journal of Educational Psychology.
The study involved 1,670 students at 11 public high schools in central and northeastern Ohio who were in grades 9 to 11 when the study began.
The students completed surveys that assessed their motivation in two consecutive school years.
Many students did change their profiles between years one and two of the study, Xie said. Depending on which profile they started in, between 40% and 77% changed.
While students changed across all profiles, most often they switched to one of the adjacent profiles.
Why did students tend to move in a positive direction in terms of motivation?
"One reason may be simply because they're a year older and more developmentally mature," Xie said.
But the study did find two other factors that impacted how likely they were to become more motivated. One, not surprisingly, was prior achievement. Students who had higher grade point averages the first year were more likely to shift to or remain in profiles characterized by higher levels of academic motivation in year two of the study.
The other factor was school belongingness, with students who felt they were more a part of their school in the first year being more likely to move to or stay in a more adaptive profile in the second year.
"This may be one area where we can help students become more motivated," Xie said. "Belongingness is something schools can change. They can find ways to help students feel like they are part of the school community."
Source: EurekAlert!
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2021-03/osu-hss022621.php
Find more culture news on HomeWord's Culture Blog, named in 2020 for the fifth consecutive year, as one of the top 50 culture blogs on the planet!
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Over Half of Gen Z Teens Feel Motivated to Learn More About Jesus
Three or More Concussions Linked with Worse Brain Function in Later Life

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Commercial HVACHeating & BoilersHVAC Product/Literature/SoftwareToday's Boiler
Updated KNIGHT XL Boiler – Lochinvar
Image courtesy of Lochinvar
LEBANON, Tenn. — Lochinvar, a manufacturer of high-efficiency boilers and water heaters, announced the next generation of the KNIGHT® XL commercial boiler product family. Available in five models, ranging from 399,000-1 million Btu/hr, the units feature a 97% thermal efficiency, a 10:1 turndown ratio, and an updated heat exchanger.
The new KNIGHT XL models offer extended venting (up to 150 feet), backside connections, and the ability to cascade multiple units for increased output, making it ideal for retrofit and new construction applications. It also comes standard with CON·X·US® Remote Connectivity and SMART TOUCH™ operating control technology, providing contractors and facility managers with connectivity and system control for easy monitoring and adjustments.
"At Lochinvar, we have a strong track record of advanced componentry, product reliability, and sustained high-efficiency, making the KNIGHT XL product family a top choice for many engineers and contractors," said Dan Rettig, product manager at Lochinvar. "Upgrading the units to offer more robust connectivity, technology, and efficiency reiterates our continued commitment to excellence in sustainability and providing customer solutions."
The next generation of KNIGHT XL also features an advanced heat exchanger with larger tubing that requires less pump energy for higher system efficiency. Additionally, the new units will come with an upgraded air filtration system, borrowed from the Lochinvar CREST® condensing boiler line, to protect the burner by trapping particles in the filter.
Designed with a sleek, industrial design and sophisticated badging, the updated KNIGHT XL comes in five sizes — with a new 1 million Btu/hr unit — making it ideal for schools, commercial buildings, hotels, and health care facilities. KNIGHT XL is also available in outdoor models. For more information, visit www.lochinvar.com.
KEYWORDS: boiler replacement boilers knight xl lochinvar
CREST Condensing Boiler with Hellcat Combustion Technology – Lochinvar
FTX 1.0 Fire-Tube Boiler – Lochinvar
HIGH-ACHIEVING SCHOOL CHOOSES HIGH-PERFORMANCE BOILER: Dorman High School installed Lochinvar CREST boilers to provide year-round comfort and hot water


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Moon congratulates Xi, discusses Pyongyang
Korean President Moon Jae-in congratulated his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, Wednesday on his re-election as the head of the Chinese Communist Party.
"I sincerely congratulate you that the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has been successfully held," Moon said in his letter to Xi, "and that you have been re-elected the general-secretary of the Communist Party of China."
Xi's re-election as the party chief ensures the second half of his 10-year presidency.
Moon expressed hope to hold talks with Xi in the near future to discuss various issues, including ways to establish peace on the Korean Peninsula and in their shared region.
"I hope to meet with you president in the near future and closely work together to further develop the Korea-China relationship that just celebrated the 25th anniversary into a practical strategic partnership, and to promote peace and development in the Korean Peninsula and the Northeast Asian region," he said, according to the letter released by the Blue House.
Seoul-Beijing ties have deteriorated over the past few months due to what many here believe to be China's economic retaliation against Korea for its deployment of the U.S. Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (Thaad) system.
Moon and Xi held bilateral talks on the sidelines of the Group of 20 summit held in Hamburg, Germany in July.
They are both expected to attend the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation economic leaders' meeting, slated to be held in Da Nang, Vietnam in November. They are also scheduled to attend the East Asian Summit and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations meetings that will be held in Manila on Nov. 12-15.


My partner and I recently took steps to expand into a new real estate market. Here are the practical steps we took to make sure the process went smoothly.
Choose a real estate market to invest in.
Over the past year, my partner and I have been needing to pick another property market to scale operations and diversify. We narrowed our search down to three markets and went to each market to drive the neighborhoods we wanted to invest in. I always recommend you take a trip to wherever you plan to invest — unless you have someone you trust with boots on the ground.
Are there large corporations headquartered in the market?
Are people moving to the market or leaving?
What does the crime look like?
The media offers a lot of hype, so make sure to look at the best data, to speak with local experts, and to test the sentiment on the street. You'll learn a lot about how people really feel just by overhearing casual conversations in the gym, listening to chatter at the coffee shop, and watching activity at real estate offices.
When visiting these markets, we met with lots — and I mean lots — of local specialists. That included property managers, other investors, contractors, and so on. You'll also want to line up attorneys, title closing agents, real estate agents, inspectors, insurance agents, and more. It will be difficult trying to do everything on your own. It's best to assemble a team to allow for you to scale and to have that team in place in advance. BiggerPockets was a tremendous help in finding the right people to meet with in these markets.
Finding the right contractors is always one of the biggest hurdles. So I took the approach of showing up to Lowe's and Home Depot to scout out the talent. If the contractor has a brand new 2017 pickup, then that is probably not our guy. We're looking for a contractor who isn't just interested in making a chunk of profit on a single project, but who will make their living across the high volume of projects we can bring to the table. Finding the right crew is still an ongoing process, but there's some great candidates in our pipeline.
After finally narrowing it down to one market, we went all-in with learning the neighborhoods. We looked at what areas have the most upside, then started taking action. We've got a centralized office, and we are now in the hiring process of bringing on key team members who will add value to the company as we expand. We ended up getting a great real estate agent on board to start making offers on properties. We got some of our offers to stick that were in our targeted neighborhoods, and we are now closing on several deals.
If you were wondering, we decided to go into Dayton, Ohio. The market has increasing job growth and unemployment under the national average, and it offers great cash flow on affordable properties and a good local team.
Where will you be investing next? What are steps you take when expanding operations to another market?


Well, here we go again: It's New Year's Eve. And starting tomorrow, millions of people will resolve to be better—and do better—in the year ahead.
I'm a big supporter of self-improvement. So if you've decided to lose weight or quit smoking or cut down on your drinking, I highly recommend zenhabits.com.
Which wolf will you feed in the year ahead?
May 2011 bring you health, happiness, and hope. Happy new year!


Anthropology student Leanna spent summer 2017 volunteering as an English teacher at summer camps in Yangjiang and Beijing, China.
I had such a wonderful time teaching and exploring China this summer! The children who attended the summer camp were so bright and lovely, and all of the administration, faculty, and staff wanted to ensure that everyone was safe, comfortable, and having a blast!
What are your favourite memories from camp?
Some of my favorite times were traveling with the children, watching them be intrigued by their own history and culture, and always wanting to show me something beautiful, like a museum shop of traditional pottery, or having me try some new food at an incredible food market!
The children were so sweet and caring, at the beginning of camp many of them were not so sure they wanted to be there, but by the end they didn't want camp to be over, showering me with hugs, photos, and so many thank yous.
Would you recommend the program to a friend, and why?
A big thank you for such an amazing opportunity to have so many phenomenal experiences and learn so much about China, I truly have the greatest appreciation and would definitely recommend the program to friends!


Mobilizing and Organizing: Opt IN USA!
This note is to encourage some very practical steps in mobilizing to address human rights violations through U.S. legal system abuse as part of Opt IN USA and its coalition partners. Please accept our apology if you receive this message via multiple communication channels. We want it to reach as many people as possible contending with U.S. legal system abuse and related judicial misconduct. Some duplication among recipients is likely given that broad circulation goal.
Different Advocates, Separate Initiatives . . . Same Page!
First of all, to act in substantial unison, it helps for us to be of reasonably like mind. Towards that end, this presentation reviews a few truths that are obvious for many people, but become preludes to much more subtle or subconscious differences among U.S. social justice advocates. We begin with a reminder that the primary function of America's judiciary is to deliver a fair and impartial administration of justice. So, to the extent it seems unfair, even a judicial outcome or case disposition "justified" by U.S. law should be questioned . . . perhaps outside of legal proceedings and as a matter of public policy. Too often lawyers and judges begrudge such wrangling, seeming to think court and administrative rulings within the range of lawful decisions are beyond reproach. This impatience with dissent undoubtedly reinforces the perception that U.S. judicial critics are largely people misguided about relevant considerations.
While Opt IN USA may prompt and facilitate legal action for its participants, the campaign was created to address public policy implications of seemingly unfair but ultimately lawful adjudications in the U.S. as well as classic contraventions of law and deliberate constitutional rights violations through U.S. legal process. Unfortunately many Americans exhaust their wealth and health trying to establish that the outcome of one or more U.S. court or quasi-judicial proceedings contravenes applicable law. Of course they could be mistaken in that regard or merely need to clarify their contentions and persist in asserting them. In any event, when legal rights are clear but disregarded by presiding judges in America, these jurists abandon the proper administration of justice. Attempting to extract fairness or justice from the rogue processes that result is quite different from insisting they realign with prescribed functions of America's judiciary. The former task may seem easier than the latter, but is expecting bad to be temporarily good any less naïve than expecting bad to permanently cease and become good?
Extract Good From Bad or Insist On Just Legal Systems?
Clashes of good and the not so good aside -- most people likely agree that the best way to foster justice in America is to insist that our nation's judges be fair and impartial. As a nonprofit U.S. legal reform organization, National Judicial Conduct and Disability Law Project, Inc. (NJCDLP) promotes certain ways of doing just that through the many initiatives it sponsors including Opt IN USA. In the course of that and other longer or long term efforts, NJCDLP and one or more of its affiliate groups also address isolated instances of judicial misconduct. But even leverage for that advocacy stems from NJCDLP's obvious commitment to broad public interests. In other words, the mobilization at hand is to identify our broadest common denominators on an international, national, regional, and local basis; gel into corresponding bases of support; and fortify the infrastructure for addressing our individual needs in these broader contexts.
Keeping the direct sources of their legal difficulties in mind, Opt IN USA participants will sort between case outcomes that are unlawful and/or unfair; identify the legal loopholes including oversight failures that made these predicaments possible; and consider prudent ways to lessen if not eliminate the prospect of them reoccurring. This kind of thoughtful organizing is best done on a state by state basis. For that purpose Opt IN USA will borrow the private networking platforms of its sister organization NFOJA (National Forum On Judicial Accountability).
Despite its popularity and convenience, Facebook, a public networking platform, is not an appropriate host for our important organizing at hand -- certainly not for it all. Fortunately elaborate collaboration on a state by state and national basis is possible through NFOJA's exclusive/private Ning Community, all of which can be enhanced through NFOJA's private Meet Up group. With a little effort, these platforms are excellent communication tools. But community moderators will discourage push marketing whereby people "hawk" their views, proposals, and wares more to highjack than serve the NFOJA community and Opt IN USA participants.
U.S. legal system abuse has become an international problem, but its manifestation begins on a local and/or regional level. Yes . . . it is generally difficult for grassroots reform activists to muster local and regional support. But, ironically, we tend to resist nurturing local and regional support -- even among strangers via applications such as that accommodating NFOJA's state-based groups. There are few actions that anyone could take in the interest of appropriate judicial accountability in America that would be more impactful than reversing that trend.
If you have not already, please join the NFOJA group for your current state. If a major portion of your legal difficulties took place in one or more other states, kindly register for each corresponding NFOJA group. Upon joining (membership requests will be promptly accepted), please "friend" your fellow group members as doing so maximizes the communication options available to you via Ning.
Thank you. We're expecting great things in 2016!


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The Polymer Fluids Group has developed a novel, oscillatory flow reactor with Smooth Periodic Constrictions for meso-scale (millilitre) applications. The oscillatory flow meso-reactor offers equally good mixing to the "conventional" sharp edges design, and shows good performance in multiphase flow. However, the oscillatory flow meso-reactor requires no internal baffle support structure (Figure 1), and has more homogeneous shear rate, making it potentially suitable for small-scale multiphase applications such as screening reactions, precipitation and crystallisation.
Figure 1 - Image of the oscillatory flow meso-reactor, showing the Smooth Periodic Constrictions. These vessels, manufactured in glass, include circulation jackets to allow heating and cooling of meso-scale reactions.
The prototype of the continuous meso-reactor consists of an array of 10 glass jacketed tubes, a magnetic shaker and a set of tanks and syringe pumps (figure 2). The internal volume of the reactor when fully operational is less than 150 millilitre. This reactor is especially recommended for screening reactions on the time scale of minutes-to-hours for plug flow. The plug flow would assure maximum selectivity. In terms of industrial production, it is appropriate for the production of fine chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients in the kg-per-day scale. Higher production can be obtained by scaling-out the number of units. Ultimately, the reactor can be made from a disposable material, which would represent a great savings in the operational costs of value-added products.
Figure 2 - The prototype continuous oscillatory flow meso-reactor.
Fluid mechanics in the meso-reactor
When oscillatory flow is applied in the meso-reactor, a single vortex pair forms downstream of the constrictions, and propagates in the cavity until the flow reverses. This is seen in the PIV animation below (Figure 3). The experimentally obtained values are compared with results obtained from three-dimensional numerical simulations using Fluent software (Figure 4 below). In both cases, the flow Reynolds and Strouhal numbers were Reo=312, and St=0.4. Clearly, the simulation provides a good prediction of the flow patterns for the oscillatory flow within a meso-reactor.
Figure 3. Experimental PIV measurements.
Figure 4. Numerical flow simulation.
Multiphase flow in the meso reactor
1. Liquid-liquid mixing
The vortex mixing mechanism and the resulting high shear rate in the meso-reactor give good performance in liquid-liquid mixing (e.g. oil and water). Varying the oscillation frequency and amplitude can be used to control the droplet size, as seen in Figures 5-7 below.
Figure 5. Oil droplets formed by oscillations at frequency 6Hz and amplitude 2mm.
Figure 6. Oscillations at frequency 6Hz and amplitude 3mm.
Figure 7. Oscillations at frequency 10Hz and amplitude 2mm.
2. Suspension of particles
Particles can be suspended e.g. in liquids in stirred vessels, turbulent pipe flow and fluidisation by using steady flow. Oscillatory flow in the meso-reactor as well as in the "conventional" sharp-edged reactor can also be used for this purpose. The meso-reactor has the ability to keep 40 % (v/v) of ion-exchange particles completely suspended, as seen on Figure 7 below. Particles are easier to suspend with a horizontal rather than vertical OFR tube orientation.
Figure 8. Suspension of 40% (v/v) of ion-exchange particles in the vertical meso-reactor (particles are superimposed with the velocity vectors of the liquid phase as determined from PIV).
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This Baltic Sea tour is one of our personal favourites. Explore the coast all the way from Lübeck to Stralsund and stay in comfortable hotels. Or, one could say, "from Marzipan to Bismarck Herring." Enjoy the Hanseatic architecture, lively sea side resorts, beaches, and the Baltic Sea breezes.
Stroll through the Old Town. Lübeck is a jewel of a city with a beautiful waterfront, ponds, numerous shops and quaint locales. Spend the night for example in Radisson Blu hotel.
Cycle to Travemünde, where the Baltic Sea cycling trails begin. Take the ferry to Priwall and on through Klützer Winkel and Boltenhagen. Continue along Wismar Bay to Wismar. Wismar is one of the most beautiful Hanseatic cities in Mecklenburg-Pomerania. The magnificent architecture mirrors the strength of the once mighty Hanseatic League.
Wismar's Old Town suffered minor damage during WWII. A stroll through town would be worth your while. Cycle through the landscape called 'die Kühlung', formed in the last glacial period, then on to Kühlungsborn. Spend the night there maybe in Travel Charme hotel.
Your destination today is Warnemünde, a resort town near Rostock. Cycle along the coast. If you like, you can take the train called "Molli" to Bad Doberan, through backcountry and cycle on from there to Warnemünde/Rostock.
Warnemünde is where the Warnow flows into the Baltic. Enjoy a stroll along the river where fishing boats and sailing yachts dock. Continue on the trail to Wustrow and the artist colony of Ahrenshoop. Spend the night on the Fischland Peninsula.
Cycle through the forest on Darss to Prerow. Plan some time for an excursion to the beach. It's quite romantic! After your break, continue on to the Vorpommersche Boddenlandschaft National Park - migration grounds for common cranes and grey geese.
Today you will head towards Stralsund along the Barth Bay. Still a good distance away from the city, you will be able to see its three famous towers. Your tour ends in Stralsund. Bevor you overnight in the hotel Scheelehof, you must visit the sights of the town.
Return your bicycles after breakfast. Travellers are responsible for their own transportation home. You may reserve our transfer shuttle back to Lübeck at the time of booking.
The fare for the train from Lübeck to Travemünde (approx. € 7,-, incl. bike), the fare for the ferry from Travemünde to Priwall, and the Warnow Ferry (approx. € 2,- ea., incl. bike) are not included in tour price and are payable on-site.
Good ** or ***-hotels with breakfast buffet.
Most of the hotels on this tour are *** or ****-hotels. (For example: 4**** Hotel Radisson Blu in Lübeck, 4**** Hotel Großherzog von Mecklenburg in Boltenhagen, 4**** Hotel arcona Hotel Stadt Hamburg in Wismar, 4**** Hotel Vier Jahreszeiten or Travel Charme in Kühlungsborn, 4**** Hotel Warnemünder Hof in Warnemünde oder 4**** Hotel Radisson Blu in Rostock, 4**** Hotel Dorint in Wustrow or Der Fischländer in Ahrenshoop, 4**** Hotel Vier Jahreszeiten in Zingst or Speicher in Barth, 4**** Hotel Scheelehof or 3*** Hotel/Villa am Jungfernstieg in Stralsund .
Optional bicycle rental with 8-speed hub gears and coaster brake or 24-speed bike with derailleur gears and hand brake - please specify when booking which wheels you want. The equipment of the bicycle includes a double-sided bicycle bag. For your safety, we recommend to wear a bicycle helmet.
By train to Lübeck Hauptbahnhof, the main train station.
By car: Parking at the hotel costs approx € 6,- to 12,-,- per day. Reservation is not possible, payable on-site. Free parking along the street.
You can book a transfer from Stralsund to Lübeck (incl. bicycle), payable on-site in Lübeck, departure in Stralsund approx. 8:00 o'clock, duration of the transfer approx. 2,5-3 hours.


The innovative printing blanket Butyl Conventional is designed to print both thermo-formed and injection molded plastic cups and containers at high speeds.
The conventional, i.e. non-compressible construction is perfectly suited also to newer generation presses. The Butyl face compound is extremely resistent to swelling from ketone and UV inks; no press adjustments are needed during the run.
The smooth cast surface provides superior ink release and consistent smooth lay down of solids and halftones. It gives the press operator a controlled print window and helps control slurring from different top to bottom travel speeds of the container. This surface is easy to clean and offers high abrasion resistance, thus allowing longer and multiple runs.
Note: Only wash-up solvents containing esters, ketones or alcohols should be used to clean Butyl blankets. Please avoid using aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents.


Educators and students join us for this one of a kind worldwide event May 14-18 2018!
It's our 3rd Annual #TrainLikeAMartian Challenge!
The Mars Generation will be sponsoring an entire week of fun "astronaut training" activities to bring awareness to the importance of science, technology, engineering, arts, and math (STEAM) education, space exploration and physical fitness to children and adults around the world!
The Train Like A Martian Challenge will be held May 14-18 2018.
For a list of the daily activities and educator resource guides (including lesson plans, videos, modifications and more) click here. These challenges will be posted publicly each day of the challenge and emailed to all participants. This resource is so educators can plan ahead.
Sign up here to receive updates about this event!
Click here to get information about prizes and rewards schools can earn!
For our school partners, the Train Like a Martian Challenge is an opportunity to blend STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, mathematics) learning with exercise and highlight the importance of physical fitness in everyday life.
Encouraging young people to think about how fitness and careers are linked is essential to our future workforce. While astronauts are required to maintain maximum fitness, we know that healthy, active people are more likely to be successful in the workforce regardless of the profession.
The event is scheduled for the entire week of May 14-May 18, 2018.
The Mars Generation will be following a curriculum of activities from the NASA Train Like An Astronaut Program* – this program is amazing and has all kinds of additional resources that educators can use including videos, progress sheets, instruction guides and more! You can check out our scheduled daily challenges with links to all of the NASA educators resources by clicking here.
Having students do daily TMG challenge activities (you can modify activities to suit classroom space) and competition against other classrooms, students etc.
Teachers competing against teachers for most challenge minutes accomplished with classrooms.
Classrooms participating and teacher sharing photos online – students can follow other classrooms online for fun.
Holding a school wide rocket run or other activity that marks the event.
School wide TLM challenge participation every morning during homeroom or some other.
All participants who follow the guidelines outlined here will be entered for prize drawings that will be held throughout each day of the challenge. Fundraising is not required for this challenge, but if your school chooses to fundraise your school will have a chance to win some cool additional prizes and earn some cool rewards too. Click here for information.
Educators and Parents Prizes – All educators and parents who share their activities or support of the challenge on the #TrainLikeMartian hashtag on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram will be entered in a daily drawing during the challenge for chances to win TMG patches, TMG stickers, TMG keychains, TMG t-shirts and more. This drawing is a general drawing and includes entries from our entire online community. Click here to learn more about contest prizes and entry guidelines. All entries will also qualify for the grand prize drawings listed on the top of this page.


text:
A Piano Teacher Writes…
thoughts on piano teaching and beyond
Practising, Studying music, Teaching
The Mindful Pianist – Mark Tanner
November 18, 2016 October 29, 2016 The Cross-Eyed Pianist
1. attentive, aware, or careful (usually followed by of): mindful of one's responsibilities.
2. noting or relating to the psychological technique of mindfulness: mindful observation of one's experiences.
The Mindful Pianist by pianist, teacher composer and examiner, Mark Tanner is the latest volume in the Piano Professional series published by Faber Music in association with EPTA, UK (the European Piano Teachers' Association). "Mindful" is the word du jour, and the practice of mindfulness – the therapeutic technique of focusing one's awareness on the present moment, while calmly acknowledging and accepting one's feelings, thoughts, and bodily sensations – has become increasingly popular in today's stressful and busy world. This book, however, is not some groovy, new age, Zen guide to piano playing, but rather takes its inspiration and approach from the definitions of the word "Mindful"at the top of this article. With contributions from a number of leading pianists and piano pedagogues, including Philip Fowke, Murray McLachlan, Margaret Fingerhut, Penelope Roskell, Leslie Howard and Madeline Bruser, the book draws on the author's and contributors' own experiences of playing and teaching the piano, and explores ways in which pianists, amateur or professional, can be more attentive, careful, self-compassionate and mindful in their day-to-day engagement with the piano and its literature.
Written in an engaging and accessible style, yet clearly supported by many years of practical experience as a teacher and performer, and academic research, the book encourages the pianist to take a fresh perspective on playing and performing by applying the concept of mindfulness to the piano. Through 4 distinct parts, Mark Tanner explores the crucial connection between mind and body, and how an alert, focussed mind fosters playing that is more compelling, more refined and ultimately more rewarding. He begins with simple breathing exercises which enable one to focus while at the piano before a note has even been struck and includes practical advice on overcoming feelings of inadequacy when a practise session goes less well, or the self-esteem issues which accompany performing. He tackles the issues encountered by pianists when practising, performing, improvising and preparing for an exam with wisdom and gentleness – throughout the text, one has the sense of Mark encouraging us to be kind to ourselves and to show self-compassion. The section of exams ('The View from the Examiner's Chair') is written from a wealth of personal experience and is particular helpful in offering perspective to those teachers, and students, who may feel exams place undue pressure on aspiring young pianists. There is also a section on "mindful listening" ('The Virtuoso Listener') which encourages us to sharpen our listening abilities, both at the piano and when we hear music on the radio, in concert, on disc etc.
'The Mindful Pianist' is a long, detailed and highly satisfying read, and I will be extracting Mark's wisdom to share with my own students as well as putting into practise some of his methods in my own playing and performing.
Interview with Mark Tanner
Further details and ordering
Tagged Mark Tanner, mindfulness, mindfulness and piano playing
Published by The Cross-Eyed Pianist
Frances Wilson is a pianist, writer, music and arts reviewer, music PR, and blogger on classical music and pianism under the pen name 'The Cross-Eyed Pianist'	View all posts by The Cross-Eyed Pianist
Previous postAdventures in Interpretation
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No piece is learnt in isolation
NOT Another Piano Book
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A new perspective
Frances Wilson is a classically-trained pianist, piano teacher and writer on pianism and classical music. She holds Licentiate and Associate Diplomas (both with Distinction) in Piano Performance, and is now based in West Dorset where she teaches from her home in Portland
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This 6-month Praying for Your Husband journal is a wonderful way to be intentional about glowing some love into the person you are around all the time - your husband. This goal of this journal is to give you a guide to pray specifically, regularly, and adamantly for your husband.
The Praying for Your Husband journal is undated, so you can start at any time. Each week is structured around a particular area of your husband's life - the Workplace, his Integrity, Thankfulness, a Giving Spirit, and more. Within the week, you are given a Scripture verse each day to pray over your husband. Each week also contains suggestions of things you can pray, a place for you to write down specific prayer requests, and a place to write out your own prayer for your husband. At the end of the journal is a God Working section, to record ways you have seen the Lord work in your husband's life, answering prayers.
**Check other listings for larger quantity orders. If you would like to order even larger quantities, please contact us for pricing information. Thanks!
This listing is for a set of 5 Praying for your Husband journals.
This listing is for a set of 10 Praying for your Husband journals.


My areas of practice are tax planning, corporate law, tax law, wealth management, Inheritances and International Private Law.
I am based in Spain.
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text:
[Dorian Neto](/mentores/perfis/dorian_neto.md)

## Meu Nome

William Meneses

## Qual meu sonho na carreira?

- Desenvolver e aperfeiçoar habilidades pessoais e profissionais(tanto de tecnologia como de empreendedorismo).
- Ser umas das referências da área.
- E ser um empreendedor da área.

## Alguns links para me conhecer melhor

[Facebook do William Meneses](https://www.facebook.com/williameneses)

[Twitter do William Meneses](https://twitter.com/JwilliamAnjos)

[GitHub do William Meneses](https://github.com/WilliamMeneses)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
FNS Vol.4 No.6 , June 2013
Isolation and Characterization of Enterococci Bacteriocinic Strains from Tunisian Fish Viscera
Migaw Sarra, Ghrairi Taoufik, Le Chevalier Patrick, Brillet Benjamin, Fleury Yannick, Hani Khaled
U12-ES03, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Microbienne (EA3882), IFR148 ScInBioS, Université de Brest, Université Européenne de Bretagne, IUT de Quimper, 6 Rue de l'Université, Quimper Cedex, France..
Abstract: A collection of lactic acid bacteria isolates from fish viscera was studied and investigated regarding to their functional properties and safety aspects. From these, three isolates GM1, GM2 and GM3 were identified as Enterococcus feacium species using molecular methods. Partial Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis (partial ARDRA) with restriction enzyme HaeIII separated these isolates into distinctive group which suggest genotypic variability within enterococci strains isolated from fish viscera. The three strains GM1, GM2 and GM3 exhibited antimicrobial activity. Indeed strains have been shown to produce bacteriocins with inhibitory effect against food spoilage bacteria and pathogenic fish including Carnobacterium maltaromaticum. The molecular mass of bacteriocin, as calculated by tricine-SDS-PAGE, was found to be 4.5 kDa. All isolates were tested positive upon PCR amplification of enterocin A structural gene. Investigations of antibiotic resistance show that the isolates were mostly sensitive to several antibiotics (ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, gentamycine) and resistance to rifampicin. All isolates grow in esculin azide agar as a selective medium for enumeration of probiotic enterococci. This study suggests that our strains can be employed as probiotic or to improve the safety of food products.
Keywords: Bacteriocins; Fish Viscera; Enterococcus; Listeria; Carnobacterium; Probiotic
Cite this paper: M. Sarra, G. Taoufik, L. Patrick, B. Benjamin, F. Yannick and H. Khaled, "Isolation and Characterization of Enterococci Bacteriocinic Strains from Tunisian Fish Viscera," Food and Nutrition Sciences, Vol. 4 No. 6, 2013, pp. 701-708. doi: 10.4236/fns.2013.46089.
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[2] G. Giraffa, "Enterococci from Foods," FEMS Microbiolo- gy Reviews, Vol. 26, No. 2, 2002, pp. 163-171. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00608.x
[3] W. Chingwaru, S. F. Mpuchane and B. A. Gashe, "Ente- rococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Isolates from Milk, Beef and Chicken and Their Antibiotic Resistance," Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 66, No. 6, 2003, pp. 931-936.
[4] A. S. Valenzuela, N. Ben Omar, H. Abriouel, M. M. Cana- mero and A. Gálvez, "Isolation and Identification of En- terococcus faecium from Seafoods, Antimicrobial Resis- tance and Production of Bacteriocin-Like Substances," Food Microbiology, Vol. 27, No. 7, 2010, pp. 955-961. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2010.05.033
[5] M. R. Foulquié-Moreno, P. Sarantinopoulos, E. Tsakali- dou and L. De Vuyst, "The Role and Application of En- terococci in Food and Health," International Journal of Food Microbiology, Vol. 106, No. 1, 2006, pp. 1-24. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.06.026
[6] T. Hagi, D. Tanaka, Y. Iwamura and T. Hoshino, "Diver- sity and Seasonal Changes in Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Intestinal Tract of Cultured Freshwater Fish," Aquacul- ture, Vol. 234, No. 1-4, 2004, pp. 335-346. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.01.018
[7] A. Petersen and A. Dalsgaard, "Species Composition and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Enterococcus spp., Isolated from Integrated and Traditional Fish Farms in Thailand," Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 5, No. 5, 2003, pp. 395-402. doi:10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00430.x
[8] I. G. Wilson and G. G. McAfee, "Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Shellfish Unchlorinated Waters, and Chic- ken," International Journal of Food Microbiology, Vol. 79, No. 3, 2002, pp. 143-151. doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(02)00063-6
[9] V. J. Harwood, J. Whitlock and V. Withington, "Classifi- cation of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Indicator Bac- teria Bydiscriminant Analysis, Use in Predicting the Source of Fecal Contamination in Subtropical Waters," Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 66, No. 9, 2000, pp. 3698-3704. doi:10.1128/AEM.66.9.3698-3704.2000
[10] C. M. A. P. Franz, M. E. Stiles, K. H. Schleiferc and W.H. Holzapfel, "Enterococci in Foods a Conundrum for Food Safety," International Journal of Food Microbiology, Vol. 88, No. 2-3, 2003, pp. 105-112. doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00174-0
[11] F. Leroi, M. R. Foulquié-Moreno and L. De Vuyst, "Ente- rococcus faecium RZS C5, an Interesting Bacteriocin Producer to Be Used as a Coculture in Food Fermenta- tion," International Journal of Food Microbiology, Vol. 88, No. 2-3, 2003, pp. 235-240. doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00185-5
[12] T. R. Klaenhammer, "Genetics of Bacteriocins Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria," FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Vol. 12, No. 1-3, 1993, pp. 39-85.
[13] H. Chen and D. G. Hoover, "Bacteriocins and Their Food Applications," Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2003, pp. 82-100. doi:10.1111/j.1541-4337.2003.tb00016.x
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[16] C. M. A. P. Franz, W. H. Holzapfel, and M. E. Stiles, Enterococci at the Crossroads of Food Safety. International Journal of Food Microbiology, vol. 47, 1999, pp. 1–24. doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(99)00007-0
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[18] W. H. Holzapfel, "Appropriate Starter Culture Technolo- gies for Small-Scale Fermentation in Developing Coun- tries," International Journal of Food Microbiology, Vol. 75, No. 3, 2002, pp. 197-210. doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(01)00707-3
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[20] T. Ghrairi, M. Manai, J. M. Berjaud and J. Frère, "Occur- rence of Anti-Listeria Activity in Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Isolated from Rigouta, a Traditional Tunisian Cheese," Journal of Applied Microbiology, Vol. 97, No. 3, 2004, pp. 621-628. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02347.x
[21] T. Ghrairi, J. Frère, J. M. Berjaud and M. Manai, "Purifi- cation and Characterisation of Bacteriocins Produced by Enterococcus faecium from Tunisian Rigouta Cheese," Food Control, Vol. 19, No. 2, 2008, pp. 162-169. doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.03.003
[22] K. Schleifer, and R. Kilpper-Balz, "Transfer of Streptoco- ccus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the Genus En- terococcus nom. rev. as Enterococcus faecalis comb. nov. and Enterococcus faecalis comb. nov.," International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, Vol. 34, No. 1, 1984, pp. 31-34. doi:10.1099/00207713-34-1-31
[23] Y. Fleury, M. A. Dayem, J. J. Montagne, E. Chaboisseau, J. P. Le Caer, P. Nicolas and A. Delfour, "Covalent Struc- ture, Synthesis, and Structure-Function Studies of Mesen- tericin Y 105(37), a Defensive Peptide from Gram-Posi- tive Bacteria Leuconostoc Mesenteroides," Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 271, No. 24, 1996, pp. 14421- 14429. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.24.14421
[24] D. G. Anderson and L. L. Mc Kay, "Simple and Rapid Method for Isolating Large Plasmid DNA from Lactis Streptococci," Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 46, No. 3, 1983, pp. 549-552.
[25] W. G. Weisburg, S. M. Barns, D. A. Pelletier and D. J. Lane, "16S Ribosomal DNA Amplification for Phyloge- netic Study," Journal of Bacteriology, Vol. 173, No. 2, 1991, pp. 697-703.
[26] J. Andrews, J. Ashby, G. Jevons, T. Marshall, N. Lines and R. Wise, "A Comparison of Antimicrobial Resistance Rates in Gram-Positive Pathogens Isolated in the UK from October 1996 to January 1997 and October 1997 to January 1998," Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol. 45, No. 3, 2000, pp. 285-293. doi:10.1093/jac/45.3.285
[27] E. Ringo and F. J. Gatesoupe, "Lactic Acid Bacteria in Fish, a Review," Aquaculture, Vol. 160, No. 3-4, 1998, pp. 177-203. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00299-8
[28] G. Tiecco, "Microbiologia dei vari Prodotti Alimentary di Origine Animale," In: C. Edagricole, Ed., Igiene e Tec- nologia alimentaire, Bologna, 2001, pp. 102-103.
[29] J. J. Leisner, B. G. Laursen, H. Prevost, D. Djamel and P. Dalgaard, "Carnobacterium, Positive and Negative Ef- fects in the Environment and in Foods," FEMS Microbi- ology Reviews, Vol. 31, No. 5, 2007, pp. 592-613. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2007.00080.x
[30] A. M. Baya, A. E. Toranzo, B. Lupiani, T. Li, B. S. Ro- berson and F. M. Hetrick, "Biochemical and Serological Characterization of Carnobacterium spp. Isolated from Farmed and Natural Populations of Striped Bass and Cat- fish," Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 57, No. 11, 1991, pp. 3114-3120.
[31] I. Kuhn, A. Iversen, M. Finn, C. Greko, L. G. Burman, A. R. Blanch and X. Vilanova, A. Manero, H. Taylor, J. Cap- lin, L. Domínguez, I. A. Herrero, M. A. Moreno and R. M?llby, "Occurrence and Relatedness of Vancomycin- Resistant Enterococci in Animals, Humans, and the En- vironment in Different European Regions," Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 71, No. 9, 2005, pp. 5383-5539. doi:10.1128/AEM.71.9.5383-5390.2005
[32] H. Blom, T. Katla, H. Nissen and H. Holo, "Characteriza- tion, Production, and Purification of Carnocin H, a Bacte- riocin Produced by Carnobacterium 377," Current Mi- cryobiology, Vol. 43, No. 4, 2001, pp. 227-231. doi:10.1007/s002840010292
[33] S. D. Todorov and L. M. T. Dicks, "Screening for Bacte- riocin-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria from Boza, a Tra- ditional Cereal Beverage from Bulgaria Comparison of the Bacteriocins," Process Biochemistry, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2002, pp. 11-19. doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2005.01.026
[34] C. M. A. P. Franz, M. J. van Belkum, W. H. Holzapfel, H. Abriouel and A. Gálvez, "Diversity of Enterococcal Bac- teriocins and Their Grouping in a New Classification Scheme," FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Vol. 31, No. 3, 2007, pp. 293-310. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2007.00064.x
[35] C. Herranz, P. Casaus, S. Mukhopadhyay, J. M. Martinez, J. M. Rodriguez, I. F. Nes, E. Herrandez and L. M. Cintas, "Enterococcus faecium P21, a Strain Occurring Naturally in Dry-Fermented Sausages Producing the Class II Bacte- riocins Enterocin A and Enterocin B," Food Microbiology, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2001, pp. 115-131. doi:10.1006/fmic.2000.0382
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HomeNET WORTHAlex Rodriguez Net Worth 2023
Alex Rodriguez Net Worth 2023
Alex Rodriguez Net Worth 2023, career. Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez nicknamed "A-Rod," is an American former professional baseball shortstop and third baseman, businessman and philanthropist. After retiring as a player, Rodriguez became a media personality, serving as a broadcaster for Fox Sports 1, a cast member of Shark Tank and a member of the ABC News network
What is Alex Rodriguez net worth?
Name Alexander Enmanuel Rodriguez
Date of birth July 27, 1975
Occupation Businessman
Spouse Jennifer Lopez
Alex Rodriguez Net Worth
Alex Rodriguez net worth 2023: Alexander Enmanuel Rodriguez nicknamed "A-Rod," is an American former professional baseball shortstop and third baseman, businessman and philanthropist who has a net worth of $350 million. Rodriguez is the chairman and CEO of A-Rod Corp as well as the chairman of Presidente beer.
Alex Rodriguez Net Worth: Early life
Rodriguez was born in 1975 in the Washington Heights section of Manhattan to Dominican immigrants Victor and Lourdes Rodriguez.
Read Top 10 Richest NBA players
When he was four years old, the family moved to the Dominican Republic, then to Miami, Florida. Growing up, Rodriguez's favorite baseball players were Keith Hernandez, Dale Murphy, and Cal Ripken Jr., and his favorite team was the New York Mets.
Rodriguez signed a letter of intent to play baseball for University of Miami and was also recruited by U of M to play quarterback for its football team. Rodriguez turned down U of M's baseball scholarship offer and never played college baseball, opting instead to sign with the Seattle Mariners after being selected in the first round of the 1993 amateur draft at the age of seventeen.
Rodriguez began his professional career as one of the sport's most highly touted prospects, and is considered to be one of the greatest baseball players of all time.
Rodriguez amassed a .295 batting average, over 600 home runs (696), over 2,000 runs batted in (RBI), over 2,000 runs scored, over 3,000 hits, and over 300 stolen bases, the only player in MLB history to achieve all of those feats.
Read Richest Black actors in the world
He was also a 14-time All-Star, winning three American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, 10 Silver Slugger Awards, and two Gold Glove Awards. Rodríguez is also the career record holder for grand slams with 25. He signed two of the most lucrative sports contracts in baseball. In addition to his accomplishments, he also led a controversial career due to some of his behaviors, including the use of performance-enhancing drugs.
Rodriguez played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners (1994–2000), Texas Rangers (2001–2003), and New York Yankees (2004–2016). Rodriguez is the chairman and CEO of A-Rod Corp as well as the chairman of Presidente beer.
After retiring as a player, Rodriguez became a media personality, serving as a broadcaster for Fox Sports 1, a cast member of Shark Tank and a member of the ABC News network.
In January 2018, ESPN announced that Rodriguez would be joining the broadcast team of Sunday Night Baseball. In January 2017, CNBC announced Rodriguez would be the host of the show Back In The Game, where he would help former athletes make a comeback in their personal lives; the first episode debuted on the network in March 2018.
Alex Rodriguez net worth: Alexander Enmanuel Rodriguez nicknamed "A-Rod," is an American former professional baseball shortstop and third baseman, businessman and philanthropist who has a net worth of $350 million. Rodriguez signed the two biggest contracts in baseball history, $252 million with the Texas Rangers in 2000 and $275 million with the New York Yankees in 2007 (Giancarlo has since surpassed those with a $325 million deal). A-Rod says he will retire after the 2017 season when his contract expires.
Shatta Wale Net Worth 2023 Forbes
Top 20 Richest Ghanaian Media Business persons


Dubai-based rapper and producer Behzad Leito might be a name that's familiar to Persian and Iran music fans, signed to RadioJavan but his new single "Peida Nakardam" could be about put him on the international map of hip-hop fans.
Born in Tehran (Iran), Behzad's new single brings a production by fellow countryman Kooshan Haddad and features vocal assistance from Iranian-singer Anita. Listen below.


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'It will continue until they listen to us': Leeds taxi drivers continue city-wide strike over Leeds Council regulations
Leeds family launch desperate appeal for help after dog mauled to death in sickening attack in West Ardsley woods
Feeling festive? Get along to one of these Yorkshire pantomimes
Oh no it isn't, oh yes it is etc. Right, now that's out of the way, let's actually talk about pantomime.
Thursday, 21st December 2017, 9:03 am
Updated Thursday, 21st December 2017, 9:05 am
Billy Pearce as Buttons. PIC: Simon Hulme
Over the years I've written at this time of year variously about the key players in the region's pantomimes, I've written about the history of this very peculiarly British tradition, I've even written about my general lack of enthusiasm for panto (more on that later – suffice to say, I have since seen the error of my ways).
This year I want to really try to understand the appeal of this weird tradition that looks utterly bizarre to the non-Brit (a few years ago I took a Spanish friend to the Harrogate Theatre pantomime, not checking before we went if she had ever seen a pantomime or knew what one was. Don't do that. The look on someone's face when they are faced with a panto, entirely unprepared, is not one you want to see).
There are pantomimes across the county, from Leeds – the always popular Rock n' Roll Panto at City Varieties and the Carriageworks annual offering – to Bradford, Halifax and Wakefield to Harrogate, York and Sheffield. This year, if I'm honest, I find my attitude towards the artform softening. Time was when you would have to drag me kicking and screaming to a show featuring a dame, a 'village idiot' and a lead boy, but this year I have done something virtually unthinkable and actually bought tickets for a pantomime (I won't tell you which one, for fear of being accused of having a favourite, but you might be able to work it out).
I say I have bought a ticket; the truth is I was invited on to the list of a group who queue overnight – literally – to secure the tickets for one of the annual highlights of their calendar. I didn't queue overnight, I just agreed to buy one of the tickets: I said I'd softened towards the artform, not lost my mind entirely. But that this group, or the chief ticket buyer for the group, queues overnight to secure the seats they want for the panto, has made me wonder about what is a clearly very powerful draw when it comes to this odd artform.
Back in October I was asked to present the official launch of the Bradford Alhambra Pantomime. In the theatre's studio space, 100 invited guests were treated to my velvet jacket and an up close demonstration of why Bradford's pantomime is such a revered and loved affair.
Billy Pearce is a consummate professional, appearing in well over a dozen annual Bradford Alhambra pantomimes. At the event I introduced the panto's director Ed Curtis, along with this year's turns Coleen and Shane Nolan and then I brought Billy on stage.
We'd pre-arranged for him to be introduced from the wings, but then actually arrive on the stage down the middle of the audience. It meant I gave him the big build up, held my arm to indicate Billy's supposed entrance from stage left – and he came through the audience down the stairs in the middle. As he came down, his familiar war cry of 'hiya kids' was heard booming around the studio theatre. It was fascinating to share the stage with Billy, to see his craft up that close. He has elements of anarchy and danger about his performance – he refuses to stick to the script and strays just the right side of the line of appropriateness for his audience. There is also an unbelievably strong connection between Billy and his audience. It felt like they genuinely knew him, each and every one – not like they were watching a performer on stage, but like they were watching their wackiest, funniest friend who had somehow blagged his way into the spotlight.
That, clearly, is one of the appeals of pantomime. There is the element of those nights in old fashioned (and sadly now virtually extinct) clubs where things get a little out of hand and the audience mingle with the turns, who mingle with the audience. The audience genuinely feel a part of the action and that is one of the magical elements of pantomime: it helps, of course, when you have performers who can give that sense to the audience too.
Whichever panto you're going to, enjoy – it really is the perfect kind of performance to get you feeling festive and in Yorkshire we are as well catered for as literally anywhere in the country.
Cinderella, Bradford Alhambra, to January 28; Aladdin – Rock n Roll Panto, City Varieties, Leeds, to January 7; Aladdin, Theatre Royal Wakefield, to January 7; Jack and the Beanstalk, Carrieageworks, Leeds, to January 6.
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An entry of 1400 hoggs forward for sale this week at Junction 36, with well finished lambs being particularly sought by buyers. An overall average of 183.6p/kg reflected a mixed entry of hoggs, with a large entry of Mule hoggs forward for sale.
Best Beltex bred hoggs still in demand, with the sale being topped at £103 or 239.5p/kg for well-bred hoggs from GR&A Foy & Son of Parkside Farm. Messrs Foy's total consignment of hoggs averaged 216.19p/kg. Medium weight lambs seeing an overall average of 189.12p/kg.
George Harryman of The Galleon again this week selling heavy well bred hoggs to top the section at £98 and £95 or 192.2p/kg.
The large entry of Hill Bred Hoggs in the market today sold well for well fleshed lots. Cheviots selling to £74.50 from AR&CA Fawcett of Silverhow Farm and £73 from M&C Booth Ltd of Hartrigg. Half Bred Hoggs saw Mules selling to £83.50 and £82.50 for Redmayne Bros of Lower House Farm, with Mashams to £70 from BD Gill of Yarlsber. Horned Hoggs saw Swaledales top at £77.50 from F&SA Edmondson, Rough Fells to £70 from J Hunter of Galloper Park and Dalesbreds to £64 from BD Gill of Yarlsber.
An entry of 500 Cast Sheep and Rams in the market this week, topping at £94 twice for Beltex ewes from AR&CA Fawcett of Silverhow Farm and Texels from S Procter of High Biggarsbank. A large proportion of the Mule ewes forward selling in to the late sixties topping at £69 twice from M Robinson of Mountain View and J&R Waller of Hallbeck. Horned ewes topped at £57 for Countrybreds from GJ Ibbetson of Higher Salter, with Swaledales at £55 from Drinkall Bros of Catshaw Hall.
Beltex - £103 Parkside Farm, £98 The Galleon, £98, £93 Parkside, £92.5 The Galleon. Suffolk - £96 Hagg Farm, £93.5 Crook O Lune Farm, £93 Smithy Green Farm, £92.5 Low Barrows Green, £90.5 Smithy Green Farm. Texel - £96 Hill Top Farm, £95 The Galleon, £94 Brow Head, £93.5 5 Mint Close. Cheviot - £94 Hutton Roof Hall, £83 Brow Head, £74.5 Silverhow Farm, £74, £73 Hartrigg. Charollais – £94 Brow Head, £93 Smithy Green Farm, £73, £65 Hall Bank. Mule - £90.5 Netherhouses Farm, £83.5, £82.5 Lower House Farm, £82 Tarnside Farm, £80 Netherhouses Farm. Continental - £85 Brow Head, £83.5 Smithy Green Farm, £81 Cockrigg Farm, £78.5 Little Eccleston Hall Cottage. Bluefaced Leicester - £84 Yarlsber. Teeswater - £79 Yarlsber. Swaledale - £77.5, £68.5 Netherhouses Farm, £68 6 Galloper Park, £57 Nether House Farm. Rough Fell - £70, £66 6 Galloper Park, £65, £64 Boundary Beck. Masham - £70 Yarlsber. Dales Bred - £64 Yarlsber. Horned - £59, £44 Higher Salter.
Beltex - £94 Silverhow Farm, £86 Parkside Farm. Texel - £94 High Biggarsbank, £88 Smithy Green Farm, 387 Mountain View, 386 Boyren Hill. Bluefaced Leicester - £87, £63 Ellerbeck. Suffolk - £87 Moss House Farm, £87 Highfield Farm, £85 Mountain View, £73 Hill Top Farm. Charollais - £83 Beaumont Gate, £42 Throstle Grove Farm. Zwartble - £72 Little Eccleston Hall Cottage, £40 Silverhow Farm. Cheviot - £71 Lambrigg Head Farm, £60 3 Seedhowe Cottages, £58 Low Tarn, £51 Castle Howe, £51 Brow Head. Dorset - £70 Hallbeck. Mule - £69 Hallbeck, 369 Mountain View, £68 Gibsons Farm, 367 Smithy Green Farm. Horned - £57 Higher Salter. Swaledale - £55 Catshaw Hall Farm, £49 Hillcroft, £43 Catshaw Farm. Rough Fell - £54 3 Seedhowe Cottages, £51 Castle Howe, £44 High Green, £43 Castle Howe.
Suffolk - £80 Longlands. Bluefaced Leicester - £77 Castle Syke Farm. Charollais - £69 Gateside Farm. Texel - £67 Longlands, £60 Lambrigg Head Farm, £58 Gateside Farm, £57 Broad Head. Rough Fell - £45 Wasdyke Farm. Swaledale - £40, £35 Oak Tree Farm, £34 Wads Howe.


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text:
Eluned Morgan warns Wales faces a lost decade of austerity in the event of Brexit
The newly-elected Labour AM stressed the need to engage young and working class voters
David WilliamsonPolitical Editor
Eluned Morgan is staying as part of Labour's shadow foreign affairs team until the referendum is over
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A Yes vote in the looming EU referendum is "not at all" in the bag and Brexit could plunge Wales into a "lost decade" of continuing austerity, according to one of Labour's most prominent rising stars.
Eluned Morgan made headlines when she became an MEP at the age of just 27. She is a member of Labour's foreign affairs team in the House of Lords and was last week elected an Assembly Member for Mid and West Wales.
Ms Morgan, whose father was a well-known urban vicar in the Ely district of Cardiff and the leader of South Glamorgan County Council, does not want to contemplate a future for her children in which the UK is not part of the EU.
Related: The left-wing case for Brexit
She will continue as a shadow minister until the June 23 EU referendum is out of the way.
"I think makes sense," she said. "I have a degree of expertise in that area and I think abandoning that ship at the moment would be a little bit irresponsible because I think there's a real challenge ahead of us and so if I can do anything to help deliver that vote, I think that's got to be my priority now – and it actually should be the priority for the Welsh Assembly, I hope; at least for the Welsh Government over the next few weeks."
Baroness Morgan fears an 'economic slowdown' is on the cards if we leave the EU
Describing her fears for what may await Wales if the UK pulls out of the EU, she said: "My fear is that if we were to lose that we would spend the next 10 years clawing back from the economic chaos which would ensue as a consequence of leaving. We'll have a potential lost decade...
"There will undoubtedly be an economic impact, in particular on Mid and West Wales where there's a big rural community but also where there's huge amounts of European subsidies... I think there would be an economic slowdown which would have knock-on consequences for services and further austerity is the last thing we need."
When asked if the result was "in the bag", she said: "Not at all. I think we've got a big challenge ahead and I think we've got to now make an emotional connection because it's pretty clear that I think we're winning in terms of the rational discussion but we're not making the emotional connection that we need to make and that's where the challenge is for us now."
She added: "There's absolutely no room for complacency, in particular with working class voters and I think that's a real concern. I hope, despite what we've just been through, that the progressive parties in Wales now will be able to work together to deliver a Yes vote.
"Whether we do that together or whether we do that individually as separate parties, it doesn't matter. What's important is we get the right result."
She described the arrival of seven Ukip members in the Assembly as "something to be very, very concerned about."
Six of the newly elected Ukip members (l-r) David Rowlands, Neil Hamilton, Mark Reckless, Caroline Jones, Gareth Bennett, and Nathan Gill
Welsh Labour's campaign for an In vote will start in earnest next week now that the Assembly election is over, with former Welsh Secretary Peter Hain chairing the effort.
She said: "He's proved himself as an amazing campaigner in Wales... We've all been holding back until this point and now our focus will be on delivering that."
A key challenge, she argues, will be getting young people to the polls to vote to remain in the EU.
Young voters turned out for the Scottish independence referendum - but will they vote on the EU?
When asked how she views the prospect of her children and future generations growing up outside the EU, Ms Morgan – who studied European Studies at Hull before working as a "stagiaire" for the European Parliament's Socialist group and then winning election as a Mid and West Wales MEP in 1994 – said: "I can't contemplate that as an option at the moment because I think it's too dreadful an option to consider. What's clear is the younger generation don't have these hang-ups [about the EU]...
"But my fear is they're the ones who don't come out to vote – and that's the challenge for us, to make sure that younger generation will come out to vote.
"It's an instinct with them, that they are part of a European society... I think we have to make sure that those people actually make the effort to come out and support us."
A 'partly-brilliant' election
Commenting on last week's election, she said: "I think the result was partly brilliant in the sense that we managed to retain 29 seats after 17 years in Government, which is in itself an amazing result. I'm obviously particularly delighted that we won Llanelli... But I think we would be naive and wrong not to drill down deeper and to analyse actually what happened to our vote.
"And the fact is our percentage of the vote dropped quite significantly and I think whilst we were very successful in targeting Labour/Tory seats and we delivered those – and particularly in North Wales, where you think about a year ago we were extremely nervous about the North Wales seats – I think our concern now has to be as much on protecting our traditional Labour areas in the Valleys and understanding that we have challenges there and that we haven't adapted our methods of campaigning."
A new way of campaigning
Stressing the need to find ways of engaging people in Labour's traditional heartlands, she said: "The places where people used to congregate, where society existed and interacted, people have become more atomised and individualised and we haven't adapted our campaigning techniques to address those issues."
There is a real need, she argues, for "more in-depth conversation on the doorsteps".
Eluned Morgan on the campaign trail with Kevin Madge, Labour Police and Crime Commissioner candidate for Dyfed-Powys; Glenys Kinnock; Neil Kinnock; and Stephen Jeacock, Labour candidate, Carmarthen East and Dinefwr
"Our approach in elections quite often is simply to identify our voters and to get them out," she said. "That's not enough.
"We actually have to be convincing people why they need to vote for us."
Emphasising the need for activists to be trained to do this, she said: "People are not even given basic training on what to say on the doorsteps and we need to make sure that they have something beyond a five-point script... We've got to actually address the concerns of people and we will have to do that in a different way in the future."
Only 45.3% of the electorate took part in the Assembly election, and of these just 34.7% voted Labour.
On the challenge of getting people to back the party on polling day, she said: "I know that there were lots of Labour party members who hoped that Jeremy Corbyn will be able to reach into those communities that haven't traditionally come out to vote and that hasn't happened yet."
Jeremy Corbyn and Carwyn Jones on a visit to Maesteg (Image: Matthew Horwood)
In the Assembly, she hopes to take forward discussions about the best way of meeting the challenges of an ageing population and is interested in the potential for a new era of community care homes.
She said: "I'd like to look at developing an economic model that may look a little bit different... There's no point in the Government just doing that themselves because if you get a different government they can just come in and privatise it and all that work is undone.
"So there would have to be some kind of system where individuals contribute a bit so the state cannot take it away from the individuals."
Ms Morgan would like to "develop a group to just explore options on what that model might look like".
She added: "Unless we address it now, our hospitals will simply get absolutely clogged up with ageing people and there will be no room for anybody else to come in through the front door."
A 'very different' Assembly
Speaking before the surprise vote meant Welsh Labour leader Carwyn Jones was not renominated as First Minister, Ms Morgan anticipated that a host of new arrivals in the Assembly will give the institution a different tone in the half-decade ahead.
She said: "It's not going to be the same. There are lots of people coming in with a lot of experience, with a lot of ideas and I think it will look very, very different."
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Some people organize their time better when working from home, whereas some need to get out of their house and work in an office to be truly productive. If you are the type that likes to work from a home office, or you simply have no other choice, then you need to learn how to stay productive and efficient during work hours.
If you don't have set work hours, determine them by yourself. Make a plan, and stick to it, so you don't end up working well into the night because you got up late or a new episode of your favorite TV show came out. As long as you deal with distractions, working from home can provide you with many advantages - it's easier to focus in an environment you can redecorate according to your taste and, as you are alone, you don't have anyone to put pressure on you.
So, let's look at some ground rules that will help you eliminate distractions and keep your productivity at optimal levels.
People who work from their homes usually move with their laptop from one room to another, and it actually makes them unproductive and easily distracted. If you are one of those people, then you probably work a bit at the desk, then in the bed, and later you go and sit on your couch.
Make one room your home office, and work only from there. Decorate it and organize in a manner that will suit you and help make you more productive. If you hate your furniture, layout, the color of the walls or any other details, just change them.
Working from home allows you to dress however you like, and people usually end up working in their pajamas or a bathrobe. The exception are people who have meetings in person, and not via video chats. It is OK to wear pajamas because they are comfortable, but there are a lot of other clothes that are comfortable, too.
People often think that working from home will make them more productive, as they don't have to wear formal clothes, and women don't need makeup. However, if you get used to looking like a mess and being overly casual during work hours, your work will be a mess too. We all have days when we cannot get up, and we just want to wander around the house in our underwear, and you actually can be productive during these days, but if it becomes a habit your productivity will drop significantly.
When you get up, drink some coffee, change your clothes and prepare for another work day. Try it out for some time, and you'll realize how your attitude and clothes can affect your productivity.
The great advantage of working from home is that you can prepare healthy meals instead of eating fast food. Use this advantage and start eating healthy. Become a master chef and prepare different veggie meals, soups, smoothies and whatever you like.
Working from home usually means drinking coffee in the morning until lunch, when you just get the first thing you see in your fridge. Don't make this mistake, but consult a nutritionist and plan out your meals. If you have some health issues, you will need to include specific foods in your diet and say goodbye to others. There are specific diets to reduce blood pressure, keep your blood sugar levels stable if you have diabetes, and so on.
You plan your own time, so instead of scrolling social media during your break, make yourself a healthy meal.
The reason why it's so good to work from home is that you can take a break whenever you want without anyone supervising you. However, it doesn't mean you should just take a break whenever you see something shiny out of the corner of your eye, as you might end up working till 8 pm or even later.
Organize your work days, improve your time management, and when 5 pm comes, stop thinking about work and focus on other things such as exercising, going out with your friends or family, or pursuing your hobby.
Not everyone can work from home effectively, but you can always learn how to make the most of it. Eliminate distractions, organize yourself, and get healthy in order to stay productive and effective.
Aleksandar Ilic is author at LeraBlog. The author's views are entirely his/her own and may not reflect the views and opinions of LeraBlog staff.
I'm an active blogger with more than five years of experience behind me. My primarily focus on lifestyle, business and entertainment related topics but my passion still remains with gaming. I have the privilege of being a part of great team of writers at Podroom Creative so check us out.
How to Start a Career in Essay Writing?


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#UltimateLoveNG: Friendship called into question as Arnold renames Jay, 'Judas'
The Media Blog, Ultimate Love
March 20, 2020 | Chinedu Okafor
Another day, another mess of a situation in the Love Pad, this time, between to supposed friends, Jay and Arnold. Words do have a way of hitting our sensitive spots, and it is paramount that, as adults, we try to filter the things we say as much as possible. Often times, the hurtful things that comes out our mouth can manifest in ugly ways don't expect, same way Arnold was blind sided by Jay's revelation to Aunty on Thursday.
Anytime Aunty shows up in the Love Pad, it's usually to check up on the housemates, to weigh in on their relationships and help them as much as possible navigate the tricky terrain that is finding genuine love in a reality TV show. But whenever Aunty goes into the love pad outside of this reason, it immediately denotes that there is an issue among the housemates which she must attend to.
The issue this time was over something that was being said. Prior to Aunty's visit, Jay had written a note to her, stating that; at this point he cannot be held responsible for his actions, what he would do to Arnold if Arnold antagonized him again is beyond him. Sensing a violent confrontation brewing, Aunty decided to step in.
In a general session with all the housemates, Aunty urged them to lay out their grievances, particularly, Jay, and Jay called out Arnold for calling him Judas. Apparently, Arnold had made a distasteful joke about Jay, when Jay stretched out his hands to shake Arnold, Arnold said that he'd rather kiss him on the cheeks, since he is Judas. This did not sit well with Jay, he didn't, in any sense, appreciate the joke and thus decided to bring it to Aunty's attention, and Aunty brought it to everyone's attention, especially Arnold, who said he had only said it once, and as a joke no less.
Later that day, Arnold spoke to his partner about it, and expressed how irritated her feels that Jay is trying to blow things out of proportion, and how he sees through Jay's elaborate attempt to get him in trouble.
In a one-on-one conversation later on, Bolanle, who at this point seems blindly infatuated with Arnold, defended her man, trying to explain to Jay that the joke was not said in bad spirit and was only said once. Jay wasn't having it. Even when Nkechi tried to talk to Jay, Jay shut her out and walked out on her. Perhaps the pressure in the Love Pad is becoming too much to bear or maybe Jay is just a guy who does't take kindly to 'jokes.'
Tags: Aunty, Bolanle, Bolar. Arnold, Jay, Jaykech, Love #UltimateLoveUpdates, Nkechi, Ultimate love, Ultimate Love Pad, Ultimate Love Updates
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