Boxed as new with lens caps and lens hood.
Ultracompact zoom lens that effectively covers the most common and frequently used focal ranges.
It uses a two-ring rotary zoom/focus system that doesn't eliminate the distance or depth-of-field markings.


text:
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Camille Paglia on 2020 and beyond
Eamonn Fitzgerald • Sunday, 9 December, 2018
We are sleep-walking through the "graveyard of liberalism, whose once noble ideals have turned spectral and vampiric," says author, academic and thinker Camille Paglia. Speaking to Spectator USA, she discusses, inter alia, 2020 and Trump. Snippet:
"If the economy continues strong, Trump will be reelected. The Democrats (my party) have been in chaos since the 2016 election and have no coherent message except Trump hatred. Despite the vast pack of potential candidates, no one yet seems to have the edge. I had high hopes for Kamala Harris, but she missed a huge opportunity to play a moderating, statesmanlike role and has already imprinted an image of herself as a ruthless inquisitor that will make it hard for her to pull voters across party lines.
Screechy Elizabeth Warren has never had a snowball's chance in hell to appeal beyond upper-middle-class professionals of her glossy stripe. Kirsten Gillibrand is a wobbly mediocrity. Cory Booker has all the gravitas of a cork. Andrew Cuomo is a yapping puppy with a long, muddy bullyboy tail. Both Bernie Sanders (for whom I voted in the 2016 primaries) and Joe Biden (who would have won the election had Obama not cut him off at the knees) are way too old and creaky.
To win in the nation's broad midsection, the Democratic nominee will need to project steadiness, substance, and warmth. I've been looking at Congresswoman Cheri Bustos of Illinois and Governor Steve Bullock of Montana. As for Hillary, she's pretty much damaged goods, but her perpetual, sniping, pity-me tour shows no signs of abating. She still has a rabidly loyal following, but it's hard to imagine her winning the nomination again, with her iron grip on the Democratic National Committee now gone. Still, it's in her best interest to keep the speculation fires burning. Given how thoroughly she has already sabotaged the rising candidates by hogging the media spotlight, I suspect she wants Trump to win again. I don't see our stumbling, hacking, shop-worn Evita yielding the spotlight willingly to any younger gal."
Where is Oscar Wilde when we need him? He cut through "the insufferable arrogance and preening sanctimony in his era's self-appointed guardians of morality," says Paglia and someone similar is badly needed now to expose and ridicule the virtue signalers and social justice warriors who are determined to destroy civilization.
The Democrats have issues, as they say
Eamonn Fitzgerald • Wednesday, 25 October, 2017 • 0 Comments
Breaking: Clinton campaign, DNC paid for research that led to Russia dossier. According to The Washington Post: "The Hillary Clinton campaign and the Democratic National Committee helped fund the research that resulted in a now-famous dossier containing allegations about Donald Trump's connections to Russia and possible coordination between his campaign and the Kremlin, people familiar with the matter said."
Meanwhile: Andrew Sullivan is worrying about what he calls "The Issue That Could Lose the Next Election for Democrats:"
"I don't believe it's disputable at this point that the most potent issue behind the rise of the far right in America and Europe is mass immigration. It's a core reason that Trump is now president; it's why the AfD is now the third-biggest party in the German, yes, German, parliament; it's why Austria's new chancellor won by co-opting much of the far right's agenda on immigration; it's why Britain is attempting (and currently failing) to leave the EU; it's why Marine Le Pen won a record number of votes for her party in France this spring. A critical moment, in retrospect, came with Angela Merkel's 2015 decision to import over a million Syrian refugees into the heart of Europe… This is, to be blunt, political suicide. The Democrats' current position seems to be that the Dreamer parents who broke the law are near heroes, indistinguishable from the children they brought with them; and their rhetoric is very hard to distinguish, certainly for most swing voters, from a belief in open borders. In fact, the Democrats increasingly seem to suggest that any kind of distinction between citizens and noncitizens is somehow racist."
The bottom line for Sullivan is this: "The most powerful thing Trump said in the campaign, I'd argue, was: 'If you don't have borders, you don't have a country.' And the Democrats had no answer, something that millions of Americans immediately saw."
Trump, Thiel and tech
Eamonn Fitzgerald • Wednesday, 18 January, 2017 • 0 Comments
One of the most puzzling things for the sycophantic media of the Obama era is the role technology played in the stunning electoral success of Donald Trump. The White House press bet the farm on Hillary Clinton winning the ultimate prize with the aid of her Silicon Valley pals, but despite all their money and all their coding, the nerds couldn't get the "popular" candidate over the line. Instead, on Friday, it's the Republican who will be inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States.
Much has been made of the part played by Cambridge Analytica in Trump's victory, but it's Peter Thiel who excites the wounded media most. How could a gay board member of Facebook so betray his sexual orientation and venture capitalist class? That question has been posed ad nauseum since 10 November and in an attempt to get the definitive answer, one of the heaviest media artillery pieces, Maureen Dowd of the New York Times, was moved into position a week ago. "Peter Thiel, Trump's Tech Pal, Explains Himself" was how her effort was headlined and it's a lengthy read with lots of detail: "… Mr. Thiel, wearing a gray Zegna suit and sipping white wine in a red leather booth at the Monkey Bar in Manhattan."
However, the inability of Dowd and her colleagues to grasp what's happened can be found at the very end of the article in this exchange:
"I ask him how Mr. Trump, who is still putting out a lot of wacky, childish tweets, has struck him during the transition. Isn't he running around with his hair on fire?"
"The hair seems fine," Mr. Thiel says. "Mr. Trump seems fine."
Reading Maureen Dowd's article is not a complete waste of time. Consider this: "One could have predicted Mr. Thiel's affinity for Mr. Trump by reading his 2014 book, Zero to One, in which he offers three prongs of his philosophy:
1) It is better to risk boldness than triviality.
2) A bad plan is better than no plan.
3) Sales matter just as much as product."
What Dowd terms "his philosophy" seems to work. Mr. Thiel is a billionaire.
Michael Wolff goes to Wolf Hall in Manhattan
Eamonn Fitzgerald • Saturday, 19 November, 2016 • 3 Comments
"The real business of journalism, or at least a major sideline, is envy of those who get lucky," writes the columnist Michael Wolff. "Nice to be the lucky one this time," he adds. Wolff was responding to a barrage of Twitter criticism directed at his scoop interview for the Hollywood Reporter with Steve Bannon, chief strategist and Senior Counselor for the Presidency of Donald Trump. It's a remarkable piece of reportage and one that will send shivers down the liberal spine. Snippet:
"It's the Bannon theme, the myopia of the media, that it tells only the story that confirms its own view, that in the end it was incapable of seeing an alternative outcome and of making a true risk assessment of the political variables — reaffirming the Hillary Clinton camp's own political myopia. This defines the parallel realities in which liberals, in their view of themselves, represent a morally superior character and Bannon — immortalized on Twitter as a white nationalist, racist, anti-Semite thug — the ultimate depravity of Trumpism."
But now the tables have been turned. Bannon is in Trump Tower and world leaders are booking suites above his office in the hope of getting access to his boss, the US President-elect. It's a revolution and heads are going to roll:
"Bannon represents, he not unreasonably believes, the fall of the establishment. The self-satisfied, in-bred and homogenous views of the establishment are both what he is against and what has provided the opening for the Trump revolution. 'The media bubble is the ultimate symbol of what's wrong with this country,' he continues. 'It's just a circle of people talking to themselves who have no f—ing idea what's going on. If The New York Times didn't exist, CNN and MSNBC would be a test pattern. The Huffington Post and everything else is predicated on The New York Times. It's a closed circle of information from which Hillary Clinton got all her information — and her confidence. That was our opening.'"
And now? And next? Time to read some of Hilary Mantel's Wolf Hall, which documents the rapid rise to power of Thomas Cromwell in the court of Henry VIII. Steve Bannon has read it and understood it and intends to live it.
"I am," he says, with relish, "Thomas Cromwell in the court of the Tudors." Some five hundred years from now, a lucky journalist might conduct an interview that concludes, "I am," he says, with relish, "Steve Bannon in the court of the Trumps."
The Revenge of the Deplorables
Eamonn Fitzgerald • Monday, 14 November, 2016 • 0 Comments
Deplorables: Nounified, pluralized form of deplorable, an adjective meaning "lamentable, very sad, grievous, miserable, wretched" and usually used in reference to events, conditions, or circumstances. The adjective is derived from the Latin verb plorare, to weep or bewail.
That definition is provided by "Chief Wordworker" Nancy Friedman on her Fritinancy website and she goes on to explain that the most topical use of the word occurred during remarks by Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton on 9 September at the LGBT for Hillary Gala in New York City.
That was then. Now, Bloomberg View columnist Clive Crook is writing that the "Deplorables" are having a moment. Snippet:
"If you can't manage genuine respect for the people whose votes you want, at least try to fake it. However, forgive me if I go further. It really ought to be possible to manage some actual respect. The complaints that Trump is addressing deserve better than to be recast in caricature then dismissed with contempt… Elite opinion admits of only one answer: People are more stupid and bigoted than we ever imagined. Without denying that there's plenty of stupidity and bigotry to go around, I think it's more a matter of elite incompetence. Elite opinion heard the rebels' complaints, but instead of acknowledging what was valid, it rejected the grievances in every particular and dismissed the complainers as fools or worse. The elites weren't deaf. They were dumb."
And blind, too.
Mrs Clinton's deplorables meme
Eamonn Fitzgerald • Tuesday, 13 September, 2016 • 1 Comment
Between her coughing attack in Cleveland last Monday and her collapse in Manhattan on Sunday, Hillary Clinton found time to generate a meme: "basket of deplorables". Definition: "a meme is a humorous image, video, text, etc. that is copied and spread rapidly by internet users."
In a speech she gave at a New York City fundraiser on Friday night, she said: "You know, to just be grossly generalistic, you could put half of Trump's supporters into what I call the basket of deplorables. Right? The racist, sexist, homophobic, xenophobic, Islamaphobic — you name it." Thus, was the "basket of deplorables" meme born.
It prompted Ben Zimmer to post "Horribles and deplorables" at Language Log. Snippet:
"Deplorables, whether or not they're in baskets, fit a pattern we've observed in the past: adjectives ending in -able or -ible that are turned into pluralizable nouns… More generally, many adjectives ending in -able/-ible have spawned related noun forms: think of collectibles, convertibles, deductibles, disposables, intangibles, perishables, and unmentionables. Sometimes the noun overtakes the adjective: vegetable comes from an adjective describing something that is able to vegetate, i.e., grow like a plant."
Donald Trump's supporters were not interested in the etymology and on Twitter they were quick to post their anger using the hashtag #basketofdeplorable. It should be noted, however, that Mr Trump wished Mrs Clinton well yesterday in a TV interview, saying: "…something's going on, but I just hope she gets well and gets back on the trail and we'll be seeing her at the debate."
#Brexit: Wolff on Johnson and Trump
Eamonn Fitzgerald • Wednesday, 22 June, 2016 • 0 Comments
On one side of the Atlantic, Boris Johnson wants Great Britain to regain its post-war sovereignty, on the other side of the ocean, Donald Trump is promising to restore American greatness. The two are charged with opportunism by their opponents; of not believing in what they say. In the eyes of their supporters, however, the message is clear: It's the real people against the elites. Well, that's how Michael Wolff sums up the situation for USA Today in What the Brexiters and Donald Trump have in common:
"Both views, in addition to emphasizing national pride, also target as the enemy the superstructure of remote, seemingly soulless, modern governmental management. In the case of the Brexit campaign, the enemy is Brussels and the cold-blooded, unaccountable, ever-expanding, 'bureaucratic leviathan'… In the case of the Trump campaign, the enemy is a political establishment of complex policy abstractions and self-interested bias that is not only embodied by Hillary Clinton but that has also hopelessly tainted most figures in the Republican party."
Donald Trump is a political lone wolf, says Wolff, and "his hyperbolic and pugnacious retro views" may, in fact, "reinforce the technocrat's uneasy hold on the uneasy status quo." Boris Johnson, in contrast, is "a smart, popular, charismatic, as well as opportunistic, politician with wide support in his party." If one ends up in the White House and the other in 10 Downing Street, there might be a meeting of minds on some matters, but the conceptual gap between the world's sole superpower and a Britain that has turned its back on "global anomie" would be huge. Unbridgeable, perhaps.
Still, says Wolff, "there is a conservative message here of return, of cultural revanchism, of a search for national meaning, of a determined deviation from the modern norm, that has gone mainstream and that is not going away." In the end, it all comes down to how people view their world. Does the future looks bright? Is life full of promise and do most people feel like they are doing well? Or does the future seem uncertain and prosperity and security more elusive? Voters in the United States in November and tomorrow in Great Britain must decide.
Trump: the candidate of Control-Alt-Delete
On Sunday, an NBC News/Wall Street Journal presidential election poll put Donald Trump at 43 percent and Hillary Clinton at 46 percent, but an ABC News/Washington Post poll published the same day saw Trump at 46 percent and Clinton at 44 percent. To understand what's going on, a reading of "The Meaning of Mr. Trump" by Walter Russell Mead is very highly recommended. Snippet:
"What makes Trump so appealing to so many voters is that the establishment does seem unusually clueless these days. The great American post-Cold War project of seeking peace and security through the construction of a New World Order based on liberal internationalism and American power doesn't seem to be working very well, and it's not hard to conclude that neither the neoconservatives nor the Obama-ites really know what they are doing. When it comes to the economy, it's been clear since the financial crisis of 2008 that something is badly awry and that the economists, so dogmatic and opinionated and so bitterly divided into quarreling schools, aren't sure how the system works anymore, and have no real ideas about how to make the world system work to the benefit of ordinary voters in the United States. With the PC crowd and the Obama administration hammering away at transgender bathroom rights as if this was the great moral cause of our time, and with campus Pure Thought advocates collapsing into self parody even as an epidemic of drug abuse and family breakdown relentlessly corrodes the foundations of American social cohesion, it's hard to believe that the establishment has a solid grip on the moral principles and priorities a society like ours needs."
This summary of Trump is classic: "He is the candidate of Control-Alt-Delete." Mead accepts that the Trump movement is not the answer to the myriad problems facing the US, but he's on they money when he sees the rage that's powering it as a vibrant expression of democracy: "The tailors are frauds and the emperor is not in fact wearing any clothes: it is a good sign and not a bad sign that so many Americans are willing to say so out loud." This is going to be a pivotal election, and not just for the US.
Twitter @ 10: life with hashtags
It's Twitter's 10th birthday today. The first tweet, sent on 21 March 2006 by CEO and cofounder Jack Dorsey, then an NYU student, read: "just setting up my twttr." Three years later, Twitter became the news when Janis Krums beat the pro snappers to the punch by tweeting a photo of US Airways Flight 1549 crash-landed in the Hudson River.
If there's a negative, it's the amping up of public shaming, which has been well documented by Jon Ronson. PR manager Justine Sacco joked on Twitter: "Going to Africa. Hope I don't get AIDS. Just kidding. I'm white!" The ensuing cyber tsunami of vilification was such that Sacco lost her job and became an object of hate. Dr. Walter Palmer, the Minnesota dentist who shot Cecil the Lion, faced similar Twitter shaming.
The upside, however, is that everyone can share an opinion on Twitter, which has expanded and democratized global debate. Just look at the current US presidential campaign. Hillary Clinton has 5.7 million followers, Bernie Sanders has 1.75 million and people retweet the utterances of Donald Trump thousands of times:
Wow, President Obama just landed in Cuba, a big deal, and Raul Castro wasn't even there to greet him. He greeted Pope and others. No respect
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) March 20, 2016
With its platform, Twitter has become a go-to source for breaking news; with its minimalism, it's a minor art form and with its reach, it has morphed into a powerful marketing tool. But there's competition from visual formats like Instagram & Snapchat and the result is that Twitter is now worth $11.6 billion, down from $40 billion in 2013. Still, @twitter is 10 today and that's cause for celebration. Happy Birthday! #LoveTwitter
Video of the Year
Eamonn Fitzgerald • Friday, 18 December, 2015 • 1 Comment
The next Rainy Day award — Video of the Year — goes to Lara Marie Schoenhals for "Please welcome to the stage…" Background: Taylor Swift made headlines by inviting celebrity women onstage as part of her 1989 World Tour. The guest list included Julia Roberts, Joan Baez, Gigi Hadid and Lena Dunham. "Please welcome to the stage the first woman ever, Eve from Adam and Eve," declares Schoenhals mocking Swift's routine, and then she hits her stride with "the fabulous 51 victims of Bill Cosby," as well as the "women survivors of ISIS" and the "ashes of the victims of the Salem witch trials." The list of notorieties includes Tonya Harding, Angelina Jolie and Hillary Clinton.
In a searing essay in the Hollywood Reporter, Camille Paglia took a swipe at "Taylor Swift, Hollywood's #GirlSquad Culture." Money quote: "Swift herself should retire that obnoxious Nazi Barbie routine of wheeling out friends and celebrities as performance props, an exhibitionistic overkill that Lara Marie Schoenhals brilliantly parodied in her scathing viral video 'Please Welcome to the Stage.'" So, "Please Welcome to the Stage…"
Tomorrow, here, the Rainy Day Book of the Year award.
Hitchens on Hillary: The case against drama
Hillary Clinton went on a First-Lady tour of Asia in April 1995. Along the way, she visited Nepal and was introduced to Sir Edmund Hillary, of Mount Everest fame. Thereupon, she announced that her mother had actually named her for the great mountaineer. This assertion ended up a decade later in her husband's memoirs.
Fact: Hillary Clinton was born in 1947, and Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay did not climb Mount Everest until 1953. Jennifer Hanley, a spokeswoman for Mrs Clinton, put it like this in October 2006 after the fiction had been exposed: "It was a sweet family story her mother shared to inspire greatness in her daughter, to great results I might add."
All of this, and more, can be found in "The Case Against Hillary Clinton" by Christopher Hitchens, which appeared seven years ago in Slate. His conclusion was devastating: "Indifferent to truth, willing to use police-state tactics and vulgar libels against inconvenient witnesses, hopeless on health care, and flippant and fast and loose with national security: The case against Hillary Clinton for president is open-and-shut." And, as the 2008 campaign record shows, the primary voters responded accordingly.
Incidentally, the Slate sub-heading on the Hitchens article was "Why on earth would we choose to put the Clinton family drama at the center of our politics again?" and Josh Marshall of Talking Points Memo places "drama" at the heart of his take on the latest Hillary theatre. In "The Joy and the Drama" he observes, wearily, "The Clintons are great. But there is always something. Always. Always a dance, always drama."
The case against Hillary Clinton remains conclusive. Martin O'Malley offers less drama.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sugar does not 'construct' cancer cells — another nutrient does. It is not the nutrient that provides the most building blocks to make the cancerous cells, according to a new study published in the journal Developmental Cell. The researchers were surprised to discover that another nutrient does the job.
The uncontrolled cell division characterising cancer proliferation is thought to be supplied by sugar, more specifically glucose. Scientists have assumed that the majority of the material making up this mass of cells (and any other cell for that matter) originates from glucose. However, recent findings generated by MIT researchers show that amino acids constitute the greatest source of the new cell material; these molecules would fuel the cells in relatively smaller amounts.
Understanding the different techniques that are being used to cause the accumulation of the aggregation of cells will help to target cancer metabolism better with the aim of getting rid of the disease, says study author Matthew Vander Heiden.
The metabolism of cancer cells is unlike that of normal cells — this difference is known as the Warburg effect. While the latter break down glucose (their energy source) in processes for which oxygen is a prerequisite, tumour cells adhere to a less efficient metabolic pathway called fermentation that needs no oxygen, thus generating much less energy. Scientists thought of this strategy as the way to make the building blocks of new cells — this has, however, remained mostly unsubstantiated. The composition of the cancer cells is not documented in detail: what is really used to construct tumour cells? This is the mystery that Heiden and his team wanted to decipher.
The researchers grew cultures of different types of normal and cancer cells. These were fed with several nutrients that were identified thanks to the labelling via varying forms of carbon and nitrogen. The percentage cell mass resulting from each nutrient was also calculated.
The results show that glucose accounts for only 10 to 15 % of the carbon that makes up the cells. On the other hand, amino acids were found to make the greatest contributions to cell mass: most of the carbon atoms incorporated into new cells came from them. This made amino acids account for 20 to 40% of the total cell mass.
These findings are in great contrast to the generally-believed concept that glucose is what mostly provides the materials needed to make new cancer cells. But, as Heiden says, their results make sense since cells are made up of protein mostly.
If amino acids are the greatest contributors of cancer cell proliferation, why do these rapidly-dividing cells consume so much glucose? Heiden and his team suggest that the fact that most of the glucose is excreted as lactate which is not otherwise useful to the cells alludes to how high glucose consumption might be important for supplying energy and not for contributing carbon to make the cells.
This updated perspective of the metabolism of cancer cells will hopefully pave the way for the production of new drugs to prevent them from dividing and propagating. Heiden now wants to address the question as to why does the conversion of glucose to lactate boost the use of amino acids to construct more cells.


Every day we're bombarded with images of people or animals suffering, so there's nothing better than photos that show the nicer side of life... We all know a living angel who rescues animals or helps out their fellow human beings and we've decided it's time to pay these wonderful people a tribute!
So, if you've lost your faith in humanity, check out these photos of kindness in action and be reassured that the world we live in will always be full of heart-warming surprises!
3. A salon refused to give this lady a manicure as she has cerebral palsy and trembled too much. Happily, a nearby check-out girl did the honors!
4. This Kenyan lady came across a former classmate only to find he'd become a drug addict... She got him through rehab and here they are today!
5. This American marine found 4 baby rabbits beside their dead mother. Over two months he hand-fed them 4 times a day!
7. When 'Evil' does good!
9. First responders came to the rescue of this lady and her baby... One of them even gave the baby her bottle!
11. This school principal told these students he liked their jeans, so they bought him a pair!
15. "My 92 year-old grandpa making a card for my 93 year-old grandma!"
17. Swings for wheelchair users!
22. When Mike Maroney met up with the girl he rescued 10 years earlier during Hurricane Katrina.


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Illinois boy with special needs dresses as 'Beetlejuice' for Halloween
By Jesse Kirsch
MELROSE PARK, Illinois -- On Halloween, 9-year-old Anthony Alfano is a star. His costumes have included Mini-Me, a Blackhawks goalie, Zoltar, even a Lincoln Memorial snow globe.
However, for this boy living with cerebral palsy, Halloween is more than a day of dress up. It's an escape.
"He's always seen as Anthony, the boy that can't do nothing... I just want to make him not be seen that way. Halloween costume is like the best disguise," said his dad, Tony Alfano.
Each year he designs and builds costumes for his son from scratch. Then, mom Deanna Alfano puts on the finishing touches.
"It's a nice break from the everyday watching other kids run down the block, kick a ball... play with their friends. You can tell he wishes he could do those things," she said.
Anthony can't dress himself or feed himself like other kids his age, but looking past their daily struggle, the Alfanos make the most of trick-or-treating. Word is Anthony always goes home with a full bag of candy. M&Ms are his favorite.
This year, Anthony's costume recreates "the famous waiting room scene" from the movie "Beetlejuice." Dad built a mock couch around Anthony's old wheelchair with mannequins flanking Anthony's seat.
"He has like a stigma for having special needs. So this is a way that they look at him and they see this, like, bright, happy kid and it makes them feel good; in return puts a smile on his face when he gets all the attention," added Anthony's mom.
Last year, he was the Wheel of Fortune, complete with a spinning wheel just like on the show. The costume garnered lots of attention, including a stop to visit the 'Wheel of Fortune' set when he visited Los Angeles.
"We got to go and see and meet Pat and Vanna and watch two live tapings, and Anthony was ecstatic," said Deanna.
Tony described it as "the best feeling ever," comparing it to "watching your kid hit a home run in a baseball game."
Each year, Tony's handy work seems to get more complex, more detailed too. This year, he took it up a notch yet again, creating a "Betelgeuse" lawn sign that lights up.
I asked Tony, "Have you finally outdone yourself?"
He instantly responded, "No. Not yet. I don't think so. I think... there's room for more," adding, "He motivates me to do what I have to do as a dad."
Anthony's inspiring others, too, after being featured recently in an Easter Seals fashion show when his physical therapist was honored.
"It's kind of like we've built this platform for other families," explained Deanna, adding, "It feels like this was kind of like our purpose, to bring Anthony into people's lives and homes and to brighten their day and put a smile on their face."
On Halloween, there's no smile bigger than his.
societymelrose parkhalloweencerebral palsycostumes
Target selling Halloween costumes for children with disabilities
Disneyland's Oogie Boogie Bash Halloween Party moving to California Adventure
Parents sickened after eating Halloween candy laced with meth
Batman visits NICU babies at Texas Children's for Halloween
Family claims they were racially profiled at Nike store


In Access2000 mass emailing worked perfectly (very powerful tool!).
GRRR! Let's hope you are spamming people that wanted what you are sending.
might be more helpful if you provided more detail.
What's the code you are using?
though I checked the box to ensure that I was sending the email. Anyideas?
I'm not using any "code".
An "email merge" is the email equivalent of a "mail merge".
the same in each letter.
recipients that will receive the letter.
desired in each of the 10 letters.
address must be one of the fields in the query.
the 10 recipients will be inserted as each letter is printed.
each of the 10 letters.
from the database for each recipient.
A "mail merge" can be very useful.
merged with the Access data.
merged documents are emailed en mass instead of printed by the printer.
The sending of the emails is done very quickly.


Bethenny Frankel's ex husband made snide accusations about the "Real Housewives of New York City" star in front of their young daughter, according to recordings played in Manhattan court on Wednesday.
In a series of phone calls from 2015, Jason Hoppy told daughter Bryn, now 8, that Frankel wouldn't let him talk to her.
The calls were played as Frankel and Hoppy continue to duke it out in Manhattan Supreme Court over custody of their daughter.
Several days later, on May 29, Hoppy accused Frankel of barring him from speaking to Bryn.
"I miss you, Bryn. Daddy called last night and mommy wouldn't let me talk to you," he told his daughter.
In another call, Hoppy fished for answers about someone who was apparently in the car with Bryn and Frankel at the time.
Bryn can be heard singing in the background.
Hoppy's lawyer Robert Wallack tried to get the calls blocked from being played in the crowded courtroom.
"We would object on eavesdropping grounds," he told Judge Michael Katz.
Frankel's lawyer Ronnie Schindel noted that she didn't need Hoppy's consent to record. New York is one of dozens of states where consent from only one party is needed to legally record a telephone conversation.
Frankel told the judge that she got Bryn her own iPhone so she could communicate directly with her father.
"It can be in excess of eight times on any weekend that I have Bryn," Frankel said.
Earlier Wednesday, Frankel broke down on the witness stand as she recalled her ex-husband's allegedly threatening behavior.


YouTube description: Please see www.itsworkingwisconsin.com. The website is committed to providing the facts to Wisconsin taxpayers. Every week there are more examples of how It's Working. Together, the Americans for Prosperity Foundation and the John K. MacIver Institute for Public Policy have chronicled success stories from across Wisconsin.


[Jetpack Monitor] site is not loading!
Since March 13, 2019 – a span of 16 days – I've gotten five alerts that my WordPress site, blog.danielpremo.com, has been down. The previous five were from April 2018 to July 2018 – a span of 3 months.
Why is my site down so much lately? Maintenance?


text:
The Ministry of Territorial Administration and Infrastructure of Armenia () is a republican body of executive authority, which elaborates and implements the government's policy in the field of local governance and infrastructures.

The current minister is Gnel Sanosyan. This Ministry also oversees the National Archives of Armenia and the Civil Aviation Committee.

References

External links

Terrotorial Administration and Infrastructure
Ministries established in 1995
1995 establishments in Armenia
Armenia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Il cosiddetto editto delle chiudende, più precisamente "Regio editto sopra le chiudende, sopra i terreni comuni e della Corona, e sopra i tabacchi, nel Regno di Sardegna", fu un provvedimento legislativo emanato il 6 ottobre 1820 dal re di Sardegna Vittorio Emanuele I e pubblicato nel 1823. Con questo atto si autorizzava la recinzione dei terreni privati di fatto, ma soggetti all'uso collettivo, allargando così l'ambito di godimento della proprietà perfetta. L'Editto, dunque, diversamente da quanto comunemente si crede non introdusse la proprietà privata nel regno di Sardegna, attestata fin dal Medioevo; né riguarda cosiddette terre pubbliche e comuni, come si evince da uno dei passaggi cruciali della norma, il quale autorizzava qualunque proprietario a liberamente chiudere di siepe, o di muro, vallar di fossa, qualunque suo terreno non soggetto a servitù di pascolo, di passaggio, di fontana o d'abbeveratoio.

L'editto puntava a rafforzare il ceto medio possidente e creare le condizioni per lo sviluppo di un'agricoltura più in linea con gli standard sviluppati nelle regioni europee considerate al tempo più sviluppate. La riforma era considerata urgente alla luce delle condizioni dell'agricoltura locale, considerata arretrata. Egual licenza era concessa ai comuni, per i terreni di loro proprietà, ed in tutti i terreni chiusi in applicazione dell'editto era "libera qualunque coltivazione, compresa quella del tabacco".

Teoria e pratica del riformismo agrario

In Sardegna la riforma agraria del governo sabaudo, sollecitata da diversi studi economici svolti in precedenza, non tenne conto della diversità dei vari territori e soprattutto del fatto che nell'isola vigeva ancora il sistema feudale, che si innestava nel sistema tradizionale degli ademprivi, rendendo la situazione giuridica dei terreni altamente complessa. L'uso degli ademprivi, inoltre, prevedeva la rotazione degli impieghi della terra, che un anno era destinata a pascolo e l'anno successivo a seminagione secondo determinazioni comunitarie locali.

Delle chiudende si parlava già da tempo, poiché la recinzione dei propri terreni da parte dei proprietari privati era, sia pur moderatamente, sempre esistita. Nel 1806 cominciava a rilevare la frequenza di abbattimenti di recinzioni da parte dei pastori per entrare abusivamente con il bestiame in terre private, tanto che si emanarono apposite norme per la repressione del fenomeno. La spinta all'agricoltura si corredava di varie norme d'agevolazione, comprese una che concedeva, come racconta Pietro Martini, "nobiltà gratuita a coloro che piantassero quattromila ulivi", una che concedeva titolo a richiedere fidecommessi a chi disponesse di 400 piante d'ulivo, e soprattutto una che dava a tutti la facoltà di "chiudere i terreni aperti per formarvi degli uliveti", che prevedeva sanzioni per chi non impiantasse ulivi nelle terre chiuse (esproprio e riassegnazione ad aspiranti ulivicoltori) e che introduceva la pena di morte per i capi di eventuali complotti di diroccatori di chiudende.

Ma se da un lato l'operato del governo puntava a risanare l'agricoltura ristrutturando la rete dei "monti granatici e d'abbondanza" (l'ammasso cui conferire le produzioni agricole frumentarie), dall'altro era costretta a creare nel 1807 i "monti di riscatto", monti di pegno resisi indispensabili dopo che l'usura aveva raggiunto livelli preoccupanti per l'ordine sociale. La pastorizia, nelle sue millenarie tradizioni, era debole e disturbante nell'ottica economica piemontese: se già il Gemelli aveva sottolineato come l'istituto dell'alternanza nell'uso delle terre recasse gravi danni da mancato guadagno e da freno contro gli investimenti, altri studiosi consideravano una "piaga" il modo di allevamento semi-brado caratteristico dell'isola.

L'editto infranse il tradizionale principio "ubi feuda, ibi demania" (dove ci sono beni feudali, là ci sono i demani) che faceva parte del diritto intermedio già da diverso tempo. Fu accolto subito con criticità da alcuni conoscitori dell'Isola, in particolare dall'Angius, che nel 1822 scriveva che "i pastori cominciarono a maledire irreligiosamente l'editto delle chiudende e a cercare di reprimere l'ambizione di alcuni chiudenti [...]. Queste doglianze furono dall'Ufficio economico della provincia trovate giuste; non pertanto la invocata legge restò inerte".

Gli effetti dell'editto furono di diverse nature. Il marchese Ettore Veuillet d'Yenne, nel 1820 era Luogotenente Generale, sarebbe divenuto viceré quando nel 1821 Carlo Felice, suo immediato predecessore, divenne re. Il marchese, la cui reputazione militare era di massimo prestigio, ebbe la luogotenenza e raggiunse l'isola proprio pochissimo tempo dopo l'emanazione dell'editto, nel novembre dello stesso anno. Fu viceré fino al 1822 (e gli successero nella carica il conte conte Galleani d'Agliano e, nel 1823, il conte Roero di Monticelli); scrisse due relazioni, la prima il 22 settembre 1832, la seconda il successivo 6 ottobre, che ne contengono una cronaca sufficientemente istruttiva: "È veramente eccessivo l'abuso che fecesi delle chiudende da alcuni proprietari. Siffatto abuso è quasi generale. Si chiusero a muro ed a siepe dei boschi ghiandiferi, si chiusero al piano e ai monti i pascoli migliori per «obbligare i pastori a pagarne un altissimo fitto» e si incorporarono perfino le pubbliche fonti e gli abbeveratoi per meglio dettare ai medesimi la legge". Rincarando la dose, aggiunse che l'editto «giovò soltanto nella sua esecuzione ai ricchi e potenti».

La reazione pratica infatti era stata la corsa alle chiusure da parte di chi aveva la possibilità di farlo, e fra questi non erano i molti che non vennero a conoscenza del provvedimento se non a chiusure ormai completate. Corsa, come riferito dallo Yenne, caratterizzata dalla diffusione degli abusi da parte di coloro che «non ebbero ribrezzo di cingere immense estensioni di terreni [...] al solo oggetto di far pagare a caro prezzo ai pastori e ai contadini la facoltà di seminarvi ed il diritto di far pascolare i loro armenti». Conseguenza della corsa a chiudere, cui si riferiscono i versi attribuiti al Murenu, fu un diffuso malcontento popolare, che ben presto sfociò in violenza e disordini. Sempre dalla relazione del viceré si apprende (per aver egli assunto le "più accurate informazioni") che gli incidenti cominciarono a Gavoi, con l'abbattimento di tre "chiusi" e con «discussioni fra li demolitori e danneggiati»; seguitarono poi alla vicina Mamoiada e poi a Nuoro, Fonni, Bitti ed altri paesi, «portando in tutti codesti luoghi devastamenti, incendi e rovine, e segnatamente in Benetutti, il di cui aspetto mette orrore al passeggiero». Da queste azioni delittuose contro i beni, si passò presto a quelle contro le persone e si ebbero anche omicidi. Secondo lo Yenne da un lato vi era l'avidità di alcuni proprietari, che chiusero anche pubbliche strade e beni comunali, mentre dall'altro vi era una «irragionevole bramosia de' silvestri pastori di un'illimitata libertà di pascolare i loro armenti in cui ripongono unicamente ogni loro idea di proprietà"». A margine vi era anche, sempre secondo la relazione, l'avarizia di alcuni ecclesiastici che non si ristettero dall'andare predicando presso il popolino che le chiudende erano un sistema odioso, forse per paura di veder calare, con la crescita dell'agricoltura, le loro decime sulla pastorizia.

In alcune aree dell'isola (Logudoro e Campidano) l'editto fu accolto in parte positivamente, soprattutto per il fatto che gli agricoltori erano in gran numero e finalmente potevano proteggere le loro coltivazioni; il rilancio dell'agricoltura portava a valorizzare vecchi istituti spagnoleschi come la roadia, la quale anch'essa, secondo le politiche della riforma, giovava a questi scopi. Ma il malcontento era generale. L'effetto negativo fu risentito in modo particolare nella zona delle Barbagie in quanto la chiusura dei terreni, che erano la risorsa primaria del territorio, fu contrasta da una parte rilevante delle élite locali.

Ben presto molti dei diseredati andarono ad ingrossare le file dei fuorilegge, dando al fenomeno del banditismo una virulenza ancora mai conosciuta. Nel 1827 furono emanate altre norme che confermavano la sostanza dell'editto, negando titolo ad azione risarcitoria a quei proprietari che non avessero chiuso bene i loro "tancati" ed avessero patito danno perché vi fosse penetrato del bestiame; a coloro che non chiudevano bene erano anzi comminate ammende.
L'editto fu riformato nel 1830 e nel 1831, ma il livello del malcontento rimase sopra i livelli di guardia. Gli incidenti crebbero in tal misura che nel 1832 si dovette istituire una commissione militare che fece repressione arrestando ed impiccando senza regolare processo (nel 1833 si emanarono norme per vietare la ricostruzione delle chiudende e ordinare che quelle abusive fossero abbattute); a questa seguì una commissione mista, composta di militari e civili, e ve ne fu anche una terza, che impiegò l'esercito e che era guidata da un giudice dell'Audiencia, ma quest'ultima operò in favore dei proprietari.

A seguito dell'editto del 31 maggio 1836, con il quale cessava la "baronale giurisdizione", finalmente dal 1837 iniziò il riscatto dei feudi, "riacquistati" dal re, che si concluse nel 1846, riscatto che fu pagato attingendo alle tasse dei sardi.

Nel 1847 si attuò la "fusione perfetta" agli stati di terraferma della Sardegna, di cui venne abolita ogni autonomia residuale, senza che i problemi aperti dall'editto del 1820 fossero stati ancora risolti. In ogni caso, la situazione delle chiudende era sempre "monitorata", tanto che nel 1850 l'Angius, nella sua analisi dell'Isola, riservava per ciascuno dei comuni osservati un'apposita sezione in cui osservava quanto le chiudende fossero praticate.

Séguiti, effetti ed analogie

L'editto delle chiudende fu idealmente seguito nel 1865 da una legge con la quale si aboliva l'istituto degli ademprivi e si imponeva una tassazione particolarmente onerosa sulle abitazioni; la tassazione aveva sì dei correttivi e prevedeva delle agevolazioni, ma queste erano in massima parte inapplicabili nella strutturazione urbanistica sarda, costituita di piccoli villaggi, perché prevista per quelle abitazioni completamente isolate. Si ebbe in Sardegna un esproprio ogni 14 abitanti, mentre la media nazionale era di uno ogni 27.000. Questo provvedimento, insieme all'editto delle chiudende, è la causa dei disordini sfociati infine a Nuoro nel 1868 con la rivolta nota come su Connottu. Dopo la rivolta fu istituita una Commissione Parlamentare di indagine presieduta dal Depretis.

Un'analoga riforma fu attuata anche in altri paesi d'Europa, come ad esempio in Inghilterra, dove il fenomeno fu chiamato delle enclosures, seguendo il principio secondo il quale solo la piena proprietà avrebbe permesso lo sviluppo di imprese agricole.

Note

Bibliografia

 Braga E., La forza della tradizione e i segni del cambiamento: la storia economica (1820-1940) in AA.VV., Storia dei sardi e della Sardegna, Vol. IV,  Milano, 1990
 AA.VV., Aldo Pavan, Adriana Di Liberto (a cura di), Il mondo che cambia, 2019 - Franco Angeli  ISBN 9788891798701

Voci correlate
 Ademprivi
 Communalia
 Campi aperti
 Campi recintati
 Rivolta de Su Connottu
 Ubi feuda, ibi demania
 Feudalesimo

Collegamenti esterni

Beni comuni
Diritto agrario
Economia della Sardegna
Economia e politica agraria
Chiudende
Sociologia rurale
Storia dell'agricoltura
Storia della Sardegna


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Whats Lurking In Your Backyard? – #3 Australian Magpie
#3 Australian Magpie
(Cracticus tibicen)
No this is not an AFL football supporter but one of Australia's most recognized birds. The Australian Magpie or Magpie as it is commonly called can be found throughout Australia and inhabits areas were there are trees in conjunction with open areas, such as open forests and parks and reserves. Due to this habitat preference they are absent from the dense forests and arid regions of Australia.
Magpie's plumage varies slightly across Australia with those in some parts of having a white back and rump. The call of the Magpie is reputedly one of the most complex in the world which sound like a loud musical flute like call, often performed in groups.
Magpies are a territorial species living in groups of often up to 24 birds, with all members actively defending their territory. Breeding usually occurs between August to November, with nests made from sticks and twigs, lined with hair or grass. It is not uncommon to find nests, which have quantities of wire woven into them. It is during the breeding season that most people come into direct contact with the Magpie as it swoops people and pets that come to close to nest sites. The link below provides some advice about swooping birds.
http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/plants-and-animals/native-plants-and-animals/problem-wildlife/swooping-birds/dealing-with-swooping-birds
Two species are similar to the Magpie these being the Pied Butcherbird (Cracticus nigrogularis) and the Magpie-lark (Grallina cyanoleuca). The Pied Butcherbird differs in having a black head and bib separated from the black back by a complete white collar, and white underparts, whilst the Magpie-lark is smaller than the Magpie with a slighter build.
Feeding of Magpies is a common practice, as birds become habitualised to people, however this can lead to various health issues as the food supplied is usually processed and can result in birds becoming sick or developing deformities due to nutrient deficiencies. Birds may also become dependent on this food source resulting in problems when the food is no longer available or aggressive when seeking out food. Hand feeding or supplementary feeding of wild birds may actually endanger healthy birds through the transmission of diseases to the wild population.


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De Tigris (Turks: Dicle, Arabisch: نهر دجلة) is een rivier in het Midden-Oosten, een van de twee grote rivieren van het oude tweestromenland Mesopotamië. In de Turkse provincie Diyarbakır is er een district vernoemd naar de rivier Dicle, de Turkse benaming voor de Tigris. De Tigris vormt samen met de rivierdalen de Nijl en de Eufraat de Vruchtbare Sikkel.

De rivier de Tigris is 1900 kilometer lang. De Tigris stroomt vanaf de bergen in Oost-Turkije en de Iraakse steden Mosoel, Tikrit, Samarra en Bagdad naar het zuidoosten. Bij Basra, op 150 kilometer van de monding, vloeit de Tigris samen met de Eufraat. Vanaf daar stroomt de verenigde rivier als Sjatt al-Arab door een groot moerasgebied waar de Moerasarabieren wonen via Abadan naar de Perzische Golf.

Het gebied tussen de Eufraat en de Tigris, dat bekendstaat als Mesopotamië of Tweestromenland, was de oorsprong van diverse oude beschavingen, zoals de Sumerische, de Akkadische, de Babylonische, Aramese en de Assyrische.

Op de vlag die in 2004 tevergeefs als vlag van Irak werd voorgesteld, staan twee blauwe lijnen die de Tigris en de Eufraat symboliseren. Deze vlag werd niet geaccepteerd.

Rivier in Irak
Rivier in Syrië
Rivier in Turkije
Geografie van Zuidoost-Anatolië
Stroomgebied van de Perzische Golf


text:
Breaking NewsComedian Louie Anderson Dies At Age 68 After Battle With Cancer
Comedian, Actor Louie Anderson Dies At 68, AP ReportsThe Minnesota-born actor and comedian was being treated for cancer in a Las Vegas hospital. He was diagnosed with a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Yankees Engaged With Many Free Agents, Have Eyes On Many Others
Steinbrenner Heads Up Meetings With Beltran, Choo, Ellsbury, Drew, McCann November 13, 2013 at 3:43 pm
Filed Under:Brian McCann, Carlos Beltran, Jacoby Ellsbury, Jon Heyman, Masahiro Tanaka, MLB free agency, New York Yankees, Shin Soo Choo, Stephen Drew
Carlos Beltran (Photo by Elsa/Getty Images) Carlos Beltran (Photo by Elsa/Getty Images)
NEW YORK (WFAN) — The Yankees are waiting in the weeds — with checkbook in hand.
The warnings of a possible spending free-for-all started coming last week and now the Bombers are fully engaged with the agents for several of the top free agents on the market, CBSSports.com and WFAN baseball insider Jon Heyman reported Wednesday.
READ MORE: Comedian, Actor Louie Anderson Dies At 68, AP Reports
Led by managing general partner Hal Steinbrenner, a contingent of Yankees brass has met with representatives for outfielders Carlo Beltran, Shin-Soo Choo and Jacoby Ellsbury, shortstop Stephen Drew, and catcher Brian McCann during the GM Meetings in Orlando, Fla.
The Yankees are said to have general interest in each, Heyman reported. Their interest in Drew is intriguing considering they recently signed Derek Jeter to a one-year, $12 million deal. Steinbrenner is believed to have told Jeter of his intentions to pursue Drew, who hit .253 with 13 homers and 67 RBIs for the Red Sox this past season, and possibly bring back backup Brendan Ryan, Heyman reported.
While no signing was imminent, it's readily apparent the Yankees are prepared to do whatever is necessary to make up for their third place — and non-playoff — finish this past season. At the very least they will have to replace Curtis Granderson and Hiroki Kuroda, who earlier this week turned down their $14.1 million qualifying offers.
Second baseman Robinson Cano, by far the most attractive free agent on the market, also turned down his qualifying offer from the Yankees, but that was expected, considering it's largely believed he will get a long-term deal with a total value near $200 million this offseason. The Yankees figure to be one of few teams who will offer that kind of money.
The Bombers are also expected to target several pitchers, including Japanese phenom Masahiro Tanaka, and possibly right-handers Matt Garza and Dan Haren, among others.
The Yankees hope to accomplish all of these upgrades and have a total team salary below the $189 million luxury tax threshold. According to a report put together by The Associated Press, the Yankees can spend roughly $80 million this offseason and still come in under that number. However, they could have even more money to work with if Alex Rodriguez's 211-game suspension is upheld. Rodriguez is scheduled to make $25 million in 2014.
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dragonboatchinesefood.com
Question: Can Leaving A Tampon In Cause A Smell?
Can a man's sperm make a woman smell fishy?
Why does my tampon smell rotten?
How soon do toxic shock syndrome symptoms appear?
Can you push a tampon out?
What does it mean when a man's sperm stinks?
Would a lost tampon smell?
What are the symptoms of a tampon left in?
How do u know if you have TSS?
Why can I smell myself through my pants?
Why does my boyfriends sperm make me smell?
Can pulling out a dry tampon cause damage?
Will bacterial vaginosis go away on its own?
Why does sperm make me smell fishy?
Can you feel a lost tampon inside?
What happens if you leave a tampon in for 3 days?
What to do after finding a lost tampon?
Semen is alkaline and often women find they notice a fishy smell after having sex.
This is because the vagina wants to be slightly acidic, but if it's knocked out of balance by the alkaline semen, and it can trigger BV..
It's normal for the vagina to have bacteria, though the amount can fluctuate. The resulting "rotten" smell from bacteria mixed with menstrual flow shouldn't be strong enough for others to detect. You might be able to control such odors by changing pads and tampons frequently, especially during heavy-flow days.
In general, TSS symptoms can develop as soon as 12 hours after a surgical procedure. Symptoms usually develop in 3 to 5 days in women who are menstruating and using tampons. If you experience the above symptoms after using tampons or after a surgery or skin injury, contact your health care provider immediately.
No. When a tampon is inserted correctly (pushed far enough in) you won't be able to feel it. Tampons are designed to be worn in the upper part of the vagina, the part furthest away from the vaginal opening. If you can feel your tampon, try pushing it in a little further.
Fishy, rotten, or foul-smelling semen isn't normal. Eating certain foods — like asparagus, meats, and garlic — or drinking a lot of caffeine or alcohol can make your semen smell pungent. Try limiting these foods to see if your semen smell returns to normal after a few days. If so, there's nothing to be concerned about.
The tip-off to a forgotten tampon is the gnarly odor it produces. "The foul smell is brought on by an overgrowth of bacteria that thrive on bloody surfaces," says Sujatha Reddy, an Atlanta gynecologist and clinical assistant professor of ob/gyn at Emory University in Atlanta.
Signs that you might have a stuck tampon include:brown, green, yellow, pink, or gray vaginal discharge.foul-smelling vaginal discharge.foul odor from your vagina with no discharge.itching inside your vagina or on your vulva.rash or redness around your genitals.uncomfortable or painful urination.abdominal or pelvic pain.More items…•
The symptoms of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) start suddenly and get worse quickly. They include: a high temperature. flu-like symptoms, such as a headache, feeling cold, feeling tired or exhausted, an aching body, a sore throat and a cough.
Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that commonly affects women of childbearing age and occurs due to an overgrowth of bacteria. Symptoms include: unusual or excessive gray or white vaginal discharge. strong odor that may be described as "fishy"
Tell Me More This bacteria produces volatile compounds with a unique smell that can be fishy or musty. When these compounds mix with ejaculate, which has a high pH, they become more volatile, or easier to smell. Trichomonas, a sexually transmitted infection, can also produce this same shift in bacteria and smell.
Definitely not. Sometimes tampons are inserted incorrectly (usually they're not in far enough) and they feel weird. The fact that it hurt when you pulled it out is because tampons are designed to expand in your body. When you pull out a dry tampon that's only been in your vagina a short time, it can be uncomfortable.
Bacterial vaginosis is usually a mild problem that may go away on its own in a few days. But it can lead to more serious problems. So it's a good idea to see your doctor and get treatment.
Typically, semen has a faint smell caused by a mixture of chemicals, such as citric acid and calcium. Semen with an unusual smell, such as a strong, fishy odor, might be a sign of infection. Although semen helps sperm reach the egg, sperm only makes up 1% of semen.
It's possible for the string to end up inside your body. This can happen if you already have a tampon in and you insert another one, or you have sex with a tampon in. But even if the string is inside you, you'll usually be able to feel the tampon and pull it out.
Leaving a tampon in for too long can lead to infections and rarely cause life-threatening toxic shock syndrome (TSS). TSS is typically caused by an overgrowth of bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus. Each year toxic shock syndrome affects about 1 in 100,000 women.
Instead, visit your doctor or emergency department as soon as possible. If you have a foreign object in your vagina, or you have lost a tampon or it has become stuck, and you have none of the symptoms listed above, you may want to try removing it carefully yourself. Never try to remove an object with another object.
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text:
God's kind of church
Pastor Ian Gall shares what his church is doing to glorify Jesus more
God is our identity
Christians in Scotland are up against it. I'd be lying if I said that making Jesus known around the country, or even in Ayr, where my church is based, is without challenges.
From a national perspective, secularisation is rapidly sweeping across society and more and more people identify with non-religious values and institutions. Add to this, the church in Scotland, and the rest of the UK for that matter, tends to be defined by what it prohibits rather than the love it carries for all creation. And the stories in the media don't help; they often have an anti-church narrative which filters through to people's psyche. Is it any wonder, then, that if we were to ask a random sample of people what they thought about Christians and church, we'd likely get a negative response?
Yet, the challenges are not within wider society alone. They're within the church in Scotland too. Many long-established Christians, people who have been going to church for a number of years, have a 'Christendom mindset', often looking back with rose-tinted specs to the way things were. People talk about and bemoan the loss of a Bible-loving Scotland – a time that has now gone. Additionally, with an increasing focus on apologetics, a lot of individual Christians mistakenly think that they cannot share their story, their testimony, because they haven't got all the arguments to defend their beliefs against the critics. We would do well to face up to all of these challenges, plus the many that I haven't mentioned, and discover new ways of connecting with and being a blessing to the people around us.
As the pastor of Riverside Evangelical Church, I know that God has called me to the community of Ayr to build up the congregation so that we can minister the good news of salvation in Jesus to the locals, in word and deed. God made this impression on my heart long ago. So, even as a teen, when I became a Christian, I always sensed that God would lead me into some sort of full-time Christian ministry. I served as a school teacher for 13 years, teaching English, and even then, I quite quickly got into what we call guidance and pupil support and worked with youngsters who were going through difficulties.
The challenges are not within wider society alone. They're within the church in Scotland too.
'Kingdom expansion' work is already underway at Riverside. I joined the church as associate pastor in 2005 and became the pastor in 2014 when my predecessor retired after almost two decades service. In 2008 we set up Care & Share, which has evolved from a drop-in centre for homeless people into a multifaceted support service for those who are confronted with a range of crises. Partnering with the council and other agencies, we now off er weekly meals and access to a range of professional services including housing support, benefit advice, credit union, community addiction nurses, furniture recycling, counselling, and more.
Through this initiative and other endeavours, we have developed a robust relationship with the local community. So, while people might have a generally negative perception of church and Christians, as I mentioned before, local people know Riverside and the good work we do. Nonetheless, the question remains, how do we get better at reaching people with the love of God, as He has called us to do, amid the challenges?
Riverside has more than 200 members, and around 220 people attend our Sunday morning service. Our congregation is a healthy mix of young people, families and older people, some of whom have retired. The church is more diverse than it has ever been, with people from different denominational backgrounds gathering regularly for fellowship, worship, prayer and activism. But I recognised the need for a review of our vision and strategy, not least because with a sizeable, diverse congregation, there's also diversity in how members believe things should be done to achieve our shared objectives.
Thus, in February last year we as a church asked ourselves: what are our vision and values? Through a prayerful process, we agreed that we seek to be an intentional community of grace by worshipping, praying, caring, sharing Jesus, and going deeper with God. This has become our statement, and since last year the leadership team and I have kept these themes at the heart of prayer and teaching in the church.
One hundred people have signed up to the course – that's eight groups of around 12 people.
During the church's much-needed period of revaluation and reflection, I heard Fred Drummond, director of prayer and Scotland at the Evangelical Alliance, speaking about What kind of church? (WKOC?) at Refuel, a summer festival organised by Filling Station Scotland. I had a conversation with Fred following his presentation and invited him to visit Riverside. At a prayer breakfast for local church leaders, which comprised praise and worship and teaching, Fred spoke about the small group course. Coupled with a preview of the programme, I knew that this resource would complement the strategic thinking and vision casting that we had already begun and help us, as a church, work through some of the challenges – individual, local and national.
Clearly, members of the congregation thought so too. One hundred people have signed up to the course – that's eight groups of around 12 people. At the time of writing, and we're about halfway through, the feedback has been very positive. The material is helping us to take another step in our journey in being more intentional about sharing Jesus. Within the small groups, people are being transparent and honest, sharing their struggles. Those who are usually quiet are taking part, coming out of their shell. People are genuinely enthusiastic. WKOC? has gone down much better than other resources we've used in the past. We have started to see a real shift in culture and behaviour.
Keen for the whole church to benefit from the material, we deliver a Sunday morning sermon on each theme. The second session in the course, for example, is entitled 'Encounter and Engagement', and Fred explores how activism flows from our abandonment to God. We unpicked this during the main service, so that everyone is 'fed'; and this also gave the small groups a foundation to go off in the evening and explore the theme further amongst themselves. The way we are running the course is working. The material is both reassuring and challenging. It's helping people to push the boundaries of their perception of mission and have confidence in sharing the gospel.
And this what we hope to achieve through WKOC?: we want to emphasise the practice of sharing Jesus and help people to think missionally. In my view, mission is not a distinct activity in itself, but it is something that cuts across everything that we do as Christians. Through the course, and the other things we as a church are doing, we are broadening and deepening people's perception of mission. Fred talks in the WKOC? videos and material about changing a nation. He talks in big terms – the bigger picture – and rightly so. But the principles apply to our local communities too; and our local communities make up the nation.
So, how do we get to the stage where we think: what do I need to do to be a blessing to the people I work with, live with, attend the gym with? In the midst of a culture where people are desperate for community and meaning, and many do not believe that the church has the answer, I'm striving for a church that is enthused to encounter God, perhaps in new ways, and empowered to raise up and share Jesus as we experience a renewed confidence in our own story.
What kind of church? is a six-week small group course that has been developed by the Evangelical Alliance Scotland in response to the UK church's need for support when addressing topics such as the future of the church, identity and approaches to discipleship. Contact scotland@eauk.org to find out more.
Ian Gall spoke with Naomi Osinnowo, editorial content manager at the Evangelical Alliance.
Naomi joined the Evangelical Alliance in 2018 as editorial content manager. Positions with publishers and within the marketing and communications faculty of a higher education institution, plus stints as a reporter, have enabled the media and cultural studies graduate, who has an NCTJ diploma in newspaper journalism, to hone the necessary skills and qualities to serve members well.
See more from Naomi Osinnowo
Written by:Naomi Osinnowo @eauknews
Part of idea:


True to form Eric has happily taken all the credit for Gloria's heroic actions in trying to revive Harry Partridge from his deathbed, having suffered a heart attack. Latisha and Lisa give Eric a round of applause and Gloria reminds him that this is great publicity for the launch of his campaign. Glynis admits he is the talk of the Town Hall, once again his dirty tricks are working a treat. In the pub, Eric lets it slip that he is considering standing for the election which is a surprise to the regulars, as Harry has not long been dead. The regulars berate Eric for 'ambulance chasing,' but it does little to dissuade him from standing for election, as he launches into a Churchillian speech. Eric is left uneasy as Glynis takes things one step too far and tells him she is looking forward to repeating her intimate involvement in his life. Watch out Gloria, Glynis is back! Paddy is in hot water with a few of his patients at the surgery, as someone has changed the appointments around in the diary, upsetting his plans for the day. Presuming Nicola is to blame, he charges in full steam ahead and accuses her of making a mess of things. It later unfolds, that Rhona had changed the appointments. Paddy owes Nicola an apology. Emily also makes amends. Joseph is on cloud nine at the prospect of going to boarding school, much to the relief of Charity and Chris, who were at their wits end trying cope with his unusually bad behaviour. Desperate to make amends, Steph is keen to discuss wedding ideas with her daughter - Luckily for Steph the wedding is Tricia's favourite topic of conversation, so they appear to be getting on again - at last.


'04 Rav4 16" Wheel Offset?....no Idea?...how About You Guys?
The only thing that lets my '04 5-door Rav down is the badly corroded alloys on it..
Been looking at replacing all 4 alloys for some new ones & need to know the wheel offset?
Don't suppose any of you chaps know, eh?
Say, also, could anyone recommend a good make of wheel to fit please?
If you have a look at one of your existing wheels, the size should be cast into the inside of the wheel, maybe on one of the spokes giving the offset info.
Also, the links for both the new wheels proposed, or the wheel size info, have no mentions of the Centre Bore size? It is VITAL that is correct as too small and the wheel cannot be fitted, and if too large, it will be unsafe and eventually the bolts will sheer off.
Toyota do offer refurbished alloys priced from £75.00 per wheel so it is possible to swap your wheels for refurb ones at your local dealer.
:) Nice one guys & thanks for the info..
Only reason I'm thinking of replacing the Toyota wheels is I've heard they have a reputation for cracking??
Must say they do feel a bit thin around the spokes..
The OZ MSW's have TUV approval where many other wheels didn't..
Going to opt for a set of these as all the required dimensions match too..
Will nail a few piccy's up when fitted.
I've never heard of cracking either. Corrosion and air leaking are common though after quite a few years.


Concerning a requirement that a local government that bans hydraulic fracturing compensate oil and gas mineral interest owners affected by the ban.
The bill specifies that a local government that bans hydraulic fracturing of an oil and gas well is liable to the mineral interest owner for the value of the lost royalties.
Refer House Bill 16-1181 to the Committee of the Whole.
Postpone House Bill 16-1181 indefinitely.


Dr. Mitchell Pierce, a general dentist skilled in cosmetic and restorative dental procedures, is also credentialed in implant dentistry by the Academy of Implant Dentistry. Located in the New Orleans Metropolitan area of Louisiana, he and his team can help you achieve the healthy, beautiful smile you have always wanted. Drawing upon extensive training and decades of experience, Dr. Pierce will custom-tailor the treatment according to your unique needs. To experience our high-quality oral care for yourself or a loved one, contact our office today and request an appointment.
Dr. Pierce genuinely cares about the well-being and satisfaction of every patient he sees. To ensure you have access to the treatment you need, we offer same-day appointments.If you have a dental emergency after hours, you can still contact our office. We offer sedation dentistry to ensure a safe and comfortable experience for our anxious patients. Financing is available through LendingClub℠ and iCareFinancial℠ to keep treatment affordable.
With more than 40 years of experience, Dr. Pierce understands how best to treat a comprehensive range of oral health concerns, ranging from simple to complex. Since opening his practice, Dr. Pierce has remained committed to furthering his own education. Since 2000, he has achieved the level of Fellow with the American Academy of Implant Dentistry. He is the first dentist to achieve this fellowship in the Southeast Louisiana area. In addition, he lectures to fellow dental professionals with the National Dental Association, Pelican State Dental Society and Gulf State Dental Conference.
Having completed the rigorous implant course at the Medical College of Georgia, Dr. Pierce is particularly well versed in implant dentistry. If you are missing one or more teeth or experiencing bone loss, Dr. Pierce can perform implant site preparation, utilizing a variety of implant types and place a beautiful crown, bridge or denture to help restore your smile. Dr. Pierce also emphasizes patient education and will provide detailed information about your diagnosis and treatment so that you can take an active role in maintaining your oral health.
Dr. Pierce and his entire team look forward to helping you achieve a gorgeous smile and lasting oral health. Call our practice today to schedule a personal appointment consultation.


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text:
September 3: Santa Rosa, New Mexico
Overdrive Staff
For decades, Santa Rosa was a popular stop along Route 66. Because of Santa Rosa's lakes and location near the Pecos River, the city was considered an oasis in the hot, dusty desert. Travelers stopped at the Club Cafe, a Route 66 landmark from 1935 until the route began to lose traffic.
Today the city has only 2000 inhabitants and less traffic, most of it spilling over from nearby I-40. For a small town, it has rich history. Scenes in Rudolfo Anaya's novel Bless Me, Ultima and John Steinbeck's Grapes of Wrath took place on Santa Rosa's Route 66 at the Pecos River bridge. A scene from the 1940 movie "Grapes of Wrath" was filmed there as well.
The town was first settled in 1865 by a rancher named Don Celso Baca. In 1879, he built an adobe chapel to honor his wife. The chapel was dedicated to Santa Rosa de Lima, the first canonized saint of the New World. Ruins from the historic chapel still stand. In the early 1900s, workers on the Southern Pacific Railroad settled in the area and the city became the seat of county government.
Santa Rosa is known as the "City of Natural Lakes" and with 15 separate lakes and streams the name is well-deserved. Hunting and birdwatching are also popular because the area is abundant with small game including deer, antelope, quail and duck.
Locals and tourists also scuba dive in the Southwest Blue Hole, an 81-foot-deep natural artesian spring. According to divers, the pool is so clear divers can see stars at night from the bottom. The Blue Hole is inhabited by goldfish, catfish and snails that cling to the walls.
Next stop: Amarillo, Texas
Sept. 4
Amarillo, Tex.
Petro Stopping Center
I-40, Exit 75, Lakeside Drive


text:
U 171 oder U-169 bzw. U169 steht für:

 U 171 (Kriegsmarine), ein U-Boot der Kriegsmarine.
 U 171, als Bezeichnung eines Medikaments registriert von der amerikanischen  von Food and Drug Administration.
 U 171, ein Runenstein aus Granit in Uppland in Schweden.

U171


In its non-precedential Memorandum and Opinion in the case of Erie Insurance Exchange v. Bristol, No. 1119 EDA 2015 (Pa. Super. May 7, 2016) (Op. by Olson, J.)[Non-precedential], the Pennsylvania Superior Court again affirmed that the statute of limitations for a uninsured motorist claim was four (4) years.
Notable, the court also confirmed that a Plaintiff must file a Petition to Compel Arbitration to toll the statute of limitations in a matter that is languishing in which the parties do not agree to a neutral arbitrator.
In ruling on the above issues, the court relied upon the precedential case of Hopkins v. Erie Insurance Exchange, 65 A.3d 452 (Pa. Super. 2013).
Note, however, that Judge Ott concurred in the Opinion, asserting that the language addressing the tolling of the statute of limitations for uninsured motorist benefits claims in the Hopkins case was dicta. Judge Ott recommended announcing a clear rule of law outlining the requirement of filing a Petition to Appoint an Arbitrator and Compel Arbitration in order to toll the statute of limitations.
Anyone wishing to review a copy of Majority Opinion in this non-precedential decision may click this LINK.
Judge Ott's concurring Opinion can be viewed HERE.
Source: "Digest of Recent Opinions." Pennsylvania Law Weekly (June 21, 2016).


Native Instruments released the new version of Kontakt Player this week. It includes over 600 MB of samples taken from their archives.
You can use it as a stand alone or a plugin. It is also fully compatible with all other Kontakt libraries.
They did leave one thing out of the free version, it doesn't have the full editing ability as the full version. But it does come with a library if you haven't tried Kontakt before.
Of course, by giving it away for free, they're wanting you to get addicted to it so you'll buy more libraries from them. This is still worth the download. You might find Kontakt to be just what you're looking for.
And since it's free, you won't be out much if you don't like it. I believe more companies should be doing the same thing.


text:
GETTING OUT, Spotlight
Live Music Returns to The Coach House
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At the Movies, GETTING OUT
At the Movies: Unpredictable Changes in Movie Releasing
By Megan Bianco Instead of attempting to predict when new movies will be released in theaters, I'm going to try and guess which will bite…
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Virtual Showstopper: Restaurants Explore Creative Marketing Tool with Livestream Concerts
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By Megan Bianco 'Gloria Bell,' Once More in English In what is becoming the Year of the Remake, Sebastian Lelio's Gloria Bell is the third…
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By Megan Bianco It's no coincidence Captain Marvel was released on International Women's Day, so it hurts me to say that the movie mainly just…
At the Movies: Not Much Heat in 'Cold Pursuit'
By Megan Bianco The release of Hans Petter Moland's Cold Pursuit marks the most recent occurrence of a filmmaker remaking his own film: In Order…
At the Movies: 'Cold War' Was Made for the Romantics
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A council majority on Tuesday night voted down a proposal to enter exclusive negotiations with Cypress Express Part… https://t.co/jCoId2JOBg 1 hour ago


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Is It Possible To Gain 10 Pounds In A Month? Weighing The Pros And Cons
Can You Take Pre Workout On An Empty Stomach? An In-Depth Look At The Pros And Cons.
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Have You Considered Replacement Windows?
There are some things that are obvious when they need help or replacing in your home. You can tell the flooring is in need of replacement when it looks old and worn. You know the fridge needs to be upgraded because your old one stopped working. But have you ever considered getting replacement windows in San Juan Capistrano, CA? There are many of the same reasons to replace windows as there are other home items. Take these examples and see if you are in need of new windows.
You replace many things in your house when they look old and worn, like your floors, your furniture, and plenty of other items. You'll want to keep an eye on your windows as well and when they look old and worn, they might need replacement as well. If you have wood windows, you could try freshening them up by scraping off the old paint and repainting them. That can certainly work if the windows are still in good condition overall. But if they're just plain worn out, they need to be replaced in order to look nice.
There are actually many different ways in which windows can stop working. One of the most obvious ways is when you can no longer open and close them. Perhaps they have warped into a new position and just won't open—at least not easily. When this is the case, you can't delay and really need to have new windows for safety reasons. You'll also want the ventilation they can provide. But windows can also stop working as insulators. When they no longer block air from going in and out of a house, you'll need to get new windows as well. Your energy use will skyrocket when your windows aren't protecting your home from leaks.
Some of your appliances might become hazards if they're not working right or are just too old. Windows can become dangerous if they won't open and close properly. They could slam shut on fingers or break without warning. Windows can also become easy to break through, which isn't good news for your home and for deterring burglars.
If you think you need new San Juan Capistrano, CA replacement windows, it's definitely something to consider. You need to replace many different things in your house eventually and windows should be on your list at some point. Watch to see when they look like they need replacement and feel around them so you can tell when they need it functionally. If you need help trying to figure out whether or not you should consider details, contact Mancino Door & Window, Inc. by calling (949) 328-9910 for a free in-home consultation with no obligations attached. We're here to help you however we can. Stop by with your questions at 27324 Camino Capistrano Ste 126, Laguna Niguel, CA 92677 and tell us about your current windows to see what might be best for your home's future.


SiSsi is an acronym for ScrIpting System for a SIte. In another terms, it's a web-based content management system. A piece of software. See SiSsi project page for details.
All electric material on the site belongs to one of the two distinct categories: documents or scripts.
Documents refer to variety of different types of documents: html documents (like this one), Adobe PDF files, Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and so on. What makes them documents is the fact, that they are named and persistent.
Every document has a name, like this one, which happens to be called site guide. Actually it has two names. The latter is the short name, but the document has also a longer name. In this site, document's longer name (URI) also shows in your browser's address bar, or in a similar location. It's also printed to the end (footer section) of every page on the site.
Persistency refers to another property of document. It means that the document with the given name will stay the same and accessible over the years - like your favorite book in the bookshelf. But unlike the book you've got, the electronic form of the document allows it to get better over the years, like good wine or hardcover reprints of the book. As new features are added, you can still have the good-old-content, but get some extra value. Anyhow, you can rely on finding this document later on with the long name, because it's persistent.
Script is word from computer science jargon. In current SiSsi scripts also refer to the implementation platform that is PHP scripting language. To make things simple scripts are generally used to refer to pages you can interact with, like the emailMe page. Scripts also have a name, like documents. Scripts are also inherently dynamic, that means that they don't always look the same, they may change during years, maybe even radically. Anyhow, you should be able to find a script with same function if you use the long name (URI).
In this case, we would have three highest level items, like ones shown in the sitemenu, top left of this page (in current layout scheme). The highest level can be called the width of site structure. Currently, these items are static, so they are shown even though they would not happen have any content. But when it comes to mid-level, it is created dynamically, so site will never offer you link to a document group (mid-level item) that is empty, in another words, doesn't contain any documents. Documents where described earlier, as you can see, each document belongs to a category and a group. Some documents may also belong to secondary group, which is indicated by the keyword in the page footer, or to a family of documents that shows in a link row before the first header and before the footer. This site is also inherently dynamic. If you're not familiar with the jargon, it can be read as meaning that some parts of the site, like group listings, are updated automatically, every day or so.
As all great definitions, SiSsi makes some exceptions. So actually, everything is not as straightforward as it looks (still hopefully working). More on things like artificial menus, scripts, submenus and stuff like that can be found from SiSsi project documentation.
SiSsi is inherently multilingual. Current implementation uses two languages, english and finnish. Although the system is designed to keep languages separate, it is quite possible for the user to drift into a situation where language suddenly changes. In that case, it's best to return to the frontpage and start again. For logged in users, the site user interface language can be selected manually by editing your profile.
Every document has three dates. That's quite a lot, don't you think... But what do they stand for? Let's see.
This date informs you when the article has been created originally. This date is tied to document identity, if document content changes radically, it becomes obsolote or something else shoudl happen then a new document is created and (possibly) published. Majority of the content, if not stated otherwise in the document, originates from this date.
This date has two functions, depending on value. If it has a date set, it means, that the document has been published at that given day. Note that this may differ from the origin date, as the documents may have sometimes be published, with or without a reason, some time after the writing. But if the date is missing, it means, that the document has NOT been published. In which case SiSsi doesn't provide a link to it for you, so you shouldn't be looking at it. In some occasions you can access it with its long name (URI) if you receive that from the author.
This date tells when the author has last made changes to document's content. Amount or quality of changes is not anyways deducible from this. Modification can mean a single correction of misspelling or in another extreme, a considerable update in the content. In the latter case, this maybe be indicated in the content. Modification date is the date that shows in the document's longname (URI).
Example: Site guide. A help for SiSsi users.
Every document starts with a topic or a title. You should use this topic if you make references to resources within the site. In technical terms, the topic is currently contained within the H2 XML element.
This short name is used in the page window title, you should see it in the browser window's title bar. It is usually an abbreviation of the page topic. You can use this as a search term for finding documents, BUT as it may not be unique for this document all references should be made with the longname, see below.
Parent refers to the property of SiSsi to manage different versions of the same document. For example a new site guide may be written after few months. If you now try to access the old site guide you'll get a message stating that a new version of the document is now available. Both documents will have the same parentname but a different longname. You can think that a document with a longname is a sibling of the short name abstract document. In terms of object oriented programming, shortname is equivalent with the object class where as longname refers to instances of that class.
This concept is used internally to mark documents with different parentnames to belong together.
This document is up-to-date, the current versio and most accurate.
This document is no longer up-to-date. It MAY contain inaccurate information, dead links etc. There MAY be coming an OK version, or the OK version may already exist.
This document has been removed from public access. It MAY have been Old before this has happened.
This document doesn't yet exist. This status is more like a bookmark or reminder that this document should become available in the near future. This document may have publication date set in a future that estimates the actual publication.
This document is a working version, not yet finished. This will probably contain inaccuracies and extraordinary amount of clumsy language. Most of draft documents are not public.
This document is Old and will remain so. It is not going to be updated and is kept in public access just due its historical value (if any).
Skins are nowadays quite common extra in many software. One of the most popular example is the WinAmp mediaplayer. Maybe four years ago, back in year 2000, I got the idea, or a fixation, that it would be a good idea to use them with www-pages. Now they're here! Although you're restricted to a set of skins designed or assimilated by the author, they should provide some entertainment for few seconds. For the interset of geeks, skins are currently implemented as a set of alternative CSS files.
As skins are more recreational than productive I have also prepared two special 'skins' that actually facilitate life. They are the printable and large text. Printable skin is quite self-explanatory. The site's default layout is optimized for screen, but printed media has different requirements, which are best met with a separate layout option. Having one special skin for that purpose also serves better as print preview. Large text skin should not either pose a surprise, it's the default layout but bigger fonts. Although I'm not sure if anyone really needs to use that sort of a setting while the browsers are getting smarter and smarter.
What the heck... The more stubborn net users may have heard the term URL which is an acronym for Universal Resource Locator. But that's history nowadays so forget it. URI is here to stay. URI is used in the Internet world to describe addresses and protocols. For example, the frontpage of this site is in the URI http://iki.fi/lassial/. The http:// stands for the protocol and the rest, iki.fi/lassial/ is the address. For a distant analogy in the real life, you could imagine an URI called airmail:united states /hollywood/sunset boulevard/house 123/. I don't believe that that address really exists, but you may now see what is the idea behind the URI. It tells you an address (Sunset boulevard) and how to get there (airmail). What it doesn't tell you, in the normal case, is what's in the address.
But times, they are a'changing.
satellite phone: Finland/President/Family/Dogs/ChiChi/bonestack Doesn't that address have a certain distinct aroma to it? So couldn't the URIs be like that also? Yes, at least the founder of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee thinks so (see his article on cool URIs). And I agree. So my URIs try their best to describe you the content they have in their address. And they are permanent (see my note on document persistence).
Every document published in this site with SiSsi has its' own permanent long name (URI). That name that is also the pages's address is displayed in the document's footer, e.g. this document's URI is http://iki.fi/lassial/english/site_help. You should use that address for making links to that particular content, instead of the address your browser may show in the addres bar. It ensures that the resource will be found also in the future.
SiSsi system tries to make sure that documents that are once published never go totally missing without a trace. Sometimes this may still happen or some old content may be finally removed. For removed content you should get a message and instructions on what to do. For missing content you'll get an informal message about page not found. In that case, you have likely misspelled the address. Or the SiSsi has failed. Eitherway you can try to contact the author to retrieve the lost content. The author does as she or he pleases with the requests.
Copying, reproduction, republication and any other means of reusing or displaying of all material contained within this site, http://iki.fi/lassial (currently also accessible through http://i.org.helsinki.fi/lassialor http://www.intellgenzia.org.helsinki.fi/lassial), in it's original or modified is strictly prohibited.
I allow some expections to this copyright. Electric versions of the public and published documents contained within site maybe copied for educational, non-profit purposes (distribution in classroom, material for home assignments). In these cases, you must provide the whole of the document as is. I suggest you use the printable layout option for handouts. Parts of the document may not be reproduced independently. This special right may be refused in individual documents by stating Strict copyright either in the beginning of the document, in the document footer or in the page footer. You're naturally entitled to make references to all documents and quote public and published documents according to established scientific conventions.
If you wish to copy, reproduce or republish unpublished or private material, material stated as strictly copyrighted or anything else not explicitly stated here as allowed, please contact the author for possible permission on negotiable terms.
Every material and script has a combination of these properties.
Public materials are available to everyone in the Internet (or maybe not if you're surfing under government control). You can access them easily with the URI.
Private materials are accessible only for certain people or groups. These people must retrieve a password from the author to identify themselves and access the materials. Existence of the private materials should not be normally revealed to public audience, although they can't be accessed with the URI without logging in first.
Published materials are usually public, but they need not to be. They are the normal case and more understandable when compared to unpublished, which are accessible with the URI but not linked in the SiSsi (see dates). This means you aren't going to see them by accident.