text:
Permits, licences and regulations
Federally regulated industry sectors
Broadcasting and telecommunications regulation
Spectrum management and telecommunications
Consultations from previous years
Licensing Framework for Mobile Broadband Services (MBS) — 700 MHz Band
7. Auction Process
362.	The following section outlines the general process for submitting an application to participate in the 700 MHz auction, as well as the general requirements and rules that apply prior to, during and post-auction.
363.	The schedule for the auction process ( Table of Key Dates ) is included on Industry Canada's Spectrum Management and Telecommunications website at http://www.ic.gc.ca/spectrum. Items and time frames included in the schedule may be updated from time to time. Interested parties are advised to check the website for any updates to the schedule of events.
7.1 Application to Participate
364.	To participate in an auction, all applicants must submit the completed application forms, along with the financial deposits, details of the applicant's beneficial ownership, information on any affiliations and associations as discussed in Section 5 of this Framework, and other documentation as required, by the date specified in the Table of Key Dates . Industry Canada will publish the list of applicants on its website soon thereafter.
365.	The application forms for participation will be available on request by sending an email to: ic.spectrumauctions-encheresduspectre.ic@canada.ca. Additional documentation may be required in support of the application forms.
366.	In addition to this Framework, the policies, rules and definitions associated with this licensing process are set out in the following documents:
SMSE-002-12 — Policy and Technical Framework: Mobile Broadband Services (MBS) — 700 MHz Band, Broadband Radio Service (BRS) — 2500 MHz Band ;
Framework for Spectrum Auctions in Canada ; and
any amendment or supplement that may be issued by Industry Canada.
367.	Licensees should also familiarize themselves with Client Procedures Circular CPC-2-1- 23 — Licensing Procedure for Spectrum Licences for Terrestrial Services and the other Client Procedures Circulars mentioned in the conditions of licence.
7.2 Submissions
368.	To participate in the auction, all applicants must submit the completed application formsFootnote 19 and financial deposits. In the interest of providing Industry Canada and other bidders with adequate information on the identity of all bidders, applicants are required to fully disclose the beneficial ownership for every entity that owns, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the applicant's voting shares, non-voting shares, partnership interests, or any other beneficial interests, as the case may be. Associated entities wishing to participate separately in the 700 MHz auction are required to disclose the names of their associated entities within their application, and to provide narratives describing all key elements and the nature of the association in relation to the acquisition of the spectrum licences being auctioned and the post‑auction relationships of the said entities. A list of applicants, their beneficial ownership information and the narrative on any associated entity relationships will be made available on Industry Canada's Spectrum Management and Telecommunications website at http://www.ic.gc.ca/spectrum prior to the auction, so that all bidders have knowledge of the identity of the other bidders. Applicants are not permitted to change their beneficial ownership within 10 days preceding the start of the auction.
369.	The consultation proposed that associated entities be required to submit their application in advance of the final application deadline; however, Industry Canada has determined that such applications may be submitted any time up to and including the final application deadline. Furthermore, entities are encouraged to approach Industry Canada at least two weeks prior to the application date if seeking guidance or a pre-determination as to whether their arrangement or proposed arrangement would be considered to give rise to a finding of association under this Framework.
7.3 Pre‑auction Financial Deposits
370.	In order to maintain the integrity of the auction, Industry Canada requires that all bidders submit a pre‑auction financial deposit with their application.
371.	In its consultation, Industry Canada proposed to determine the value of the pre‑auction financial deposit based on the licences on which the applicant wishes to be eligible to bid. Each licence has been assigned a specific number of eligibility points that are approximately proportionate to the population covered by the licence and it was proposed that the financial deposit be equal to $130,000 per eligibility point.
Summary of Comments
372.	Rogers, SaskTel, TELUS and WIND supported the proposed financial deposits, whereas Sogetel and SSi suggested that the proposed financial deposits were too high.
373.	Bell proposed a daily financial guarantee equal to 100% of the value of a bidder's previous day's last package bid, stating that this would enhance meaningful bidding, discourage gaming and promote the overall integrity of the auction. In its reply comments, TELUS supported the intent of this proposal, but did not find it practical. TELUS proposed that deposits be subject to a weekly top‑up process.
374.	In the reply comments, Rogers, MTS Allstream and WIND were opposed to Bell's proposal, arguing that it would make the auction more financially onerous for smaller bidders and that it would add complexity to the auction process. WIND added that there was no evidence of any winning bidders defaulting on payments in the last auction.
375.	A requirement for daily or weekly top‑up financial deposits would result in an additional administrative burden and it is noted that, to date, no provisional winner in an Industry Canada spectrum auction has defaulted on its payment.
376.	Based on the above considerations, Industry Canada is of the view that requiring daily or weekly financial deposits is not warranted at this time. However, as in past auctions, Industry Canada will retain the right to request additional deposits during the auction.
377.	Pre‑auction financial deposits will be equal to $130,000 per eligibility point. Eligibility points associated with each licence are listed in Table 4 of this Framework. As part of its application, a bidder will be required to submit 5% of its total pre-auction financial deposit. The remaining 95% of its pre‑auction financial deposit will be due at a later date, as specified in the Table of Key Dates . The deposits are to be in the form as described in Section 7.4.
378.	An individual bidder requesting to be eligible to bid on the equivalent of one national paired block will be required to submit deposits covering 1,221 points, which will equate to $158,730,000 (i.e. $130,000 x 1,221). Financial deposit(s) will be returned to any applicant that is found not to be a qualified bidder and to any applicant that provides written notification to Industry Canada of its withdrawal from the process prior to the auction's commencement. Financial deposits will be returned to unsuccessful bidders once the auction has closed.
379.	Consistent with previous auctions, Industry Canada reserves the right to request additional financial deposits during the auction. This will be determined by considering factors such as the bid value on a package of licences and the bidding activity. The additional financial deposit will be based on a percentage, not exceeding 50%, of the value of the bidder's package bid for licences in a specified round. Bidders will be provided three full business days to submit their additional financial deposits to Industry Canada. The deposits are to be in the form as described in Section 7.4.
7.4 Process to Submit the Applications and Financial Deposits
380.	The application forms, the associated documents (as per the instructions provided on the application forms), and 5% of the total pre‑auction financial deposit are to be physically delivered to the Manager, Auction Operations (address provided in Section 13), by the date specified in the Table of Key Dates . Industry Canada reserves the right, under exceptional circumstances, to accept additional documentation after the initial deadline, but prior to publication of the list of applicants. Applications that are received without a deposit for 5% of the total financial pre‑auction deposit will be rejected. The remaining 95% of the total pre‑auction financial deposit is to be physically delivered as stated above, by the date specified in the Table of Key Dates . Applicants that fail to submit this deposit by the deadline will not be qualified to participate in the auction.
381.	Upon receipt of the application and the associated documentation, Industry Canada will send notification to the applicant that the application materials have been received and confirming the amount of the deposit that has been submitted. This notice will not be an indication that the application materials or the deposits have been approved.
382.	The financial deposits must be in the form of a certified cheque, bank draft, money order, wire transfer, or an irrevocable standby letter of credit, payable to the Receiver General for Canada, drawn on a financial institution that is a member of the Canadian Payments Association. The elements required in a letter of credit, as well as a sample letter of credit acceptable to Industry Canada, are provided as part of the application forms.Footnote 20 Multiple letters of credit (or other forms of payment) from one or more financial institutions will be permitted within reason. Industry Canada will treat the financial deposit for an applicant as being the sum of the amounts of each accepted deposit. Each financial deposit must comply with the conditions laid out herein. Financial deposits shall not have any conditions requiring the Receiver General for Canada to draw upon payments in any particular order of priority, or requiring any deposit to be drawn upon completely before drawing upon any other deposit. In the event that a qualified bidder does not become a provisional licence winner, the financial deposits that were submitted in the form of a letter of credit will be returned. Refunds to deposits submitted in the form of a certified cheque, bank draft, money order or wire transfer will likely take longer (perhaps several weeks longer) than a refund submitted by way of a letter of credit, as a cheque from the Receiver General for Canada will need to be processed.
383. If prior to the application deadline, an applicant would like to amend any of the forms that it has submitted and/or its financial deposits, it may submit one or more amended forms and/or financial deposits with an accompanying letter explaining that the enclosed form(s) and/or financial deposits are to replace the one(s) previously submitted. Any such amendments are to be physically delivered to the Manager, Auction Operations, by the receipt deadline for applications to participate in the auction. An applicant may decrease, but may not increase, its eligibility and applicable financial deposit until the receipt deadline for the remaining portion (95%) of the full financial deposit.
384.	Upon receipt of an amended form(s) and/or financial deposits, Industry Canada will send a notification to the applicant that the amended form(s) and/or deposits have been received. The notification will state the amount of the new deposits that have been submitted. Where the financial deposits are in the form of an irrevocable standby letter of credit, the initial irrevocable standby letter of credit will also be returned to the applicant where applicable. Where the financial deposits are in a form other than an irrevocable standby letter of credit, any partial reimbursement of the initial financial deposits may take several weeks.
385.	A list of all applicants will be made public via Industry Canada's Spectrum Management and Telecommunications website at http://www.ic.gc.ca/spectrum. The publication of this list does not mean that these applicants have been approved as qualified bidders.
7.5 Bidder Qualification
386.	Industry Canada will begin to review the application forms (and any associated documents) and the accompanying financial deposit(s) after the closing date for the submission of applications. In this initial review, Industry Canada will identify any errors in the application forms or financial deposits. It will also determine whether any additional information related to any affiliate or associated entity of the applicant, is required. Applications that are received without a deposit for 5% of the full financial pre‑auction deposit by the application deadline, or without a deposit for the remaining 95% of the full financial deposit by its deadline, will be rejected.
387.	Following the initial review period, Industry Canada will provide applicants with an opportunity to correct any errors or inconsistencies in their application or financial deposits, and will request any additional information related to the affiliates or associated entities, where applicable. The original applications may be returned to the applicant with a brief statement outlining any discrepancy(ies) and/or omission(s), or requesting additional information. The applicant will be invited, in writing, to resubmit the corrected form and/or the additional information and to physically deliver this to the Manager, Auction Operations, at the address provided in Section 13, by the date specified in the written statement.
388.	Applicants that do not comply with this request will have their application to participate in the auction rejected. Applications that are rejected, including those for which an opportunity has been provided to correct errors or inconsistencies identified by the Industry Canada, but are still found to be deficient, will be returned to the applicant outlining the deficiencies and will include the applicant's deposits.
389.	Applicants that have submitted acceptable application materials, including the accompanying initial financial deposit of 5% of the total pre‑auction deposit, will receive a confirmation letter that they have provisionally qualified to participate in the auction. Provisionally qualified applicants will be considered fully qualified, once the remaining 95% of the full pre‑auction financial deposit has been received by Industry Canada, by the stated deadline. Qualified bidders will receive additional information related to their participation in the auction through separate mail-outs at a later date. This information will include, among other items, a bidder information document, a user manual and the schedule for the information session and mock auctions.
390.	A list of all provisionally qualified bidders, along with information related to their beneficial ownership, affiliates, and associated entities will be made public via Industry Canada's website in accordance with the timelines stated in the Table of Key Dates . Should any of the provisionally qualified bidders fail to provide the remaining portion of the full pre‑auction financial deposit by the stated deadline, their application will be rejected and the list of qualified bidders will be amended accordingly.
7.6 Withdrawal of Application Forms
391.	Applicants wishing to withdraw their application materials and have their financial deposits returned may do so, without prejudice, by sending a written request to the Manager, Auction Operations, at the address provided in Section 13. This request is to be physically delivered prior to 12:00 noon, (EST) on the business day preceding the opening of the auction.
7.7 Change of Information
392.	Only the Auction Authorized RepresentativeFootnote 21 of the bidding company may notify the Manager, Auction Operations, of any material changes in the information submitted in the application documents. This includes any changes to the names and contact information of qualified bidders and designated bidders. Written notification must be sent by the Auction Authorized Representative to the address provided in Section 13, within five business days of such changes.
7.8 Backup Procedures
393.	Bidders are strongly advised to prepare contingency plans and backup facilities and locations, including multiple means of accessing the Internet, in the event of technical difficulties at their primary bidding locations. In previous SMRA auctions, Industry Canada had made provisions for eligibility rule waivers to be used in the case where a bidder was unable to submit its bid during a given round (for example, due to technical difficulties). Such waivers are not suitable in the context of a CCA format and its related activity rules. In response to the consultation, Rogers suggested the use of extension rights as an alternative to waivers. The extension rights would allow bidders to unilaterally extend the length of a bidding round. MTS Allstream rejected this suggestion, stating that it could add numerous delays to the auction. The final detailed provisions concerning backup procedures will be made available to qualified bidders prior to the start of the auction. However, Industry Canada reserves the right to extend the length of a round, or to alter the bidding schedule, in the event of being notified that a bidder(s) is experiencing technical difficulties at its primary and backup bidding locations, which prevents the bidder (s) from submitting a bid.
394.	In the application forms, applicants must designate up to three individuals who will have authority to place bids on their behalf. Each designated bidder will receive individual codes to participate in the auction. Having more than one individual designated as a bidder will strengthen backup contingency plans for applicants in case of unforeseen problems. Industry Canada cannot guarantee any specific turn around time for changes or additions submitted after the application date.
395.	As a last resort, provisions will be made for Industry Canada staff to submit bids on a bidder's behalf. This is a limited backup facility for bidders who experience technical difficulties which prevent them from accessing the auction system. Only the individuals listed as designated bidders will be able to use this option. Details of these provisions will be provided to the qualified bidders prior to the start of the auction.
8. Post‑auction Process
8.1 Bidder Payment
396.	Within 10 business days following the announcement of provisional winners, each provisional licence winner will be required to submit 20% of its final payment.
397.	The remaining portion, 80% of the final payment, will be due within 30 business days of the announcement of the provisional licence winners. Failure by the winning bidder to make these final payments in a timely fashion will result in the licence not being issued and the bidder will be subject to the applicable forfeiture penalty (see Section 8.2 — Forfeiture Penalties ). These final payments will be non‑refundable. If the licence winner fails to make these payments within the specified period, then the provisional winner's irrevocable standby letter of credit will be drawn upon.
398.	All payments must be made by certified cheque, bank draft, or wire transfer, payable to the Receiver General for Canada, drawn on a financial institution that is a member of the Canadian Payments Association.
399.	These payments for the initial 20‑year term are in lieu of any fees that will be fixed for the radio authorization under the Radiocommunication Act or any other Act.Footnote 22
8.2 Forfeiture Penalties
400.	Following the conclusion of the auction, winning bidders that fail to comply with the specified payment schedule or fail to come into compliance with the eligibility requirements stated in Section 6.4 of this Framework will forfeit their right to the licence. Furthermore, non-compliant bidders will be subject to a penalty in the amount of the difference between the forfeited licence payments and the eventual revenue from payments or fees for the licence(s), if the eventual revenues are lower than the forfeited licence(s) payment(s) (to be determined by a subsequent licensing process). This is referred to as the interim proxy forfeiture penalty.
401.	In the event of licence forfeiture, the bidder's financial deposit will be drawn upon for the full amount of the interim proxy forfeiture penalty. If the interim proxy forfeiture penalty is greater than the full amount of the bidder's financial deposit combined with any partial payment, or if a deposit in the form of a letter of credit has been returned before the forfeiture, then the difference will be owing and payable to the Receiver General for Canada.
402.	A bidder that forfeits on a licence, or any of that bidder's affiliates and associated entities, may not be eligible to bid on it in any subsequent licensing process.
8.3 Eligibility Documentation
403.	Bidders that are declared provisional licence winners will be required to submit two copies of documentation related to their compliance with the condition of licence regarding eligibility in accordance with Section 6.4 — Eligibility . Documentation must be submitted by the provisional winners within 10 business days of being notified that they are the provisional licence winners. For further information, refer to Client Procedures Circular CPC-2-0-15, Canadian Ownership and Control , as amended from time to time.
404.	Industry Canada will review these documents expeditiously. The Department will then notify each provisional licence winner regarding compliance with the eligibility requirements. In the event that a provisional licence winner does not, in the opinion of Industry Canada, comply with the eligibility requirements, Industry Canada will provide the provisional licence winner with an opportunity to make changes in order to become compliant.
405.	At any point in time, Industry Canada may formally notify a provisional winner that outstanding documents must be provided within 60 days. This would normally transpire only if a significant period of time has passed since the close of the auction. If the provisional winner fails to comply within 60 days following a formal notification by the Department, the provisional winner may be deemed ineligible to hold a licence. In such a case, licences will not be issued and the provisional winner would also be subject to the interim proxy forfeiture penalties outlined in Section 8.2.
8.4 Issuance of Licences
406.	Industry Canada will issue spectrum licences to provisional winners upon completion of the following: (1) payment of the sum of their bids and the sum of their penalties, if any; and (2) a determination by the Department that the eligibility requirements have been met. If a Canadian ownership and control review is required, such a determination may take several months to complete depending on the complexity of the provisional winners' ownership and control structures and the responsiveness of the winners in providing any required additional documentation.
9. Bidder Training and Support
407.	The consultation noted that qualified bidders would receive the necessary information to participate in the auction several weeks prior to the start of the auction, and proposed that a mock auction be held one week prior to the start of the auction in order to allow qualified bidders to better familiarize themselves with the bidding process.
408.	Software Considerations and Mock Auctions: Many respondents, including Rogers, Bell, MTS Allstream, Public Mobile, SaskTel, Tbaytel and Xplornet, requested access to the winner and price determination tool (also known as the solver) at least three months prior to the auction. They stated that without access to the solver, bidders cannot verify if the auction process works adequately or audit their own auction simulations.
409.	Some respondents also requested additional tools and information, including a detailed guide for uploading and editing supplementary bids, data file formats for the round results and screenshots of the auction software.
410.	There was a general consensus that multiple mock auctions would be required for bidders to become familiar with the auction software.
411.	Information Sessions: Both Rogers and Xplornet requested that Industry Canada conduct additional information and training sessions in order to help bidders to become familiar with the CCA software.
412.	Auction Schedule: Bell, MTS Allstream, Rogers, TELUS and Xplornet requested that a detailed schedule of the auction process be released as soon as possible.
413.	Software Considerations and Mock Auctions: Industry Canada notes that providing earlier access to a stand‑alone winner and price determination tool would allow more time for bidders to become familiar with the software and to prepare for their participation in the auction. It should be noted that rules and formulas used by the winner and price determination tool are currently available on Industry Canada's Spectrum Management and Telecommunications website; however, the related software is not yet available.
414.	In previous auctions, a mock auction was usually conducted one week prior to the start of the auction. Given the new CCA format and software, Industry Canada considers that conducting additional mock auctions would be beneficial for bidders.
415.	Industry Canada will provide qualified bidders with a bidder information document and a bidder user manual containing screenshots of the auction software, along with detailed bidding instructions, software requirements and the data definitions of the round results files.
416.	Information Sessions: Industry Canada conducted a CCA information session in May of 2012. As in the past, Industry Canada plans to host an information session for qualified bidders prior to the mock auctions. The information session will address the auction process, the policies that affect bidding activity (e.g. spectrum aggregation limits) and the functionality of the software.
417.	Approximately six weeks prior to the auction, qualified bidders will be provided with access to the winner and price determination tool for the allocation stage, on a website hosted by Industry Canada. Qualified bidders will be advised when it becomes available.
418.	One information session and up to three mock auctions will be conducted prior to the auction. Each mock auction will last one to two days and will begin approximately five weeks prior to the auction. The final schedule for the mock auctions will be included in the bidder information document.
419.	Approximately seven weeks prior to the start of the auction, bidder information documents and the bidder user manual will be sent to qualified bidders. These documents will contain the schedule for the information session and the mock auctions, as well as screenshots of the software and the data definitions of the round results files.
420.	The full schedule for the auction process is included in the Table of Key Dates on Industry Canada's Spectrum Management and Telecommunications website at http://www.ic.gc.ca/spectrum.
10. Post‑auction Licensing Process for Unassigned Licences
421.	Industry Canada will make unassigned licences available for licensing through an alternative process, which could include a subsequent auction at a later date following the close of the initial auction. The timing and form of such a process will depend on the demand for the available licences. Industry Canada may conduct a public consultation should it consider it necessary.
11. Licence Renewal Process
422.	Industry Canada sought comments on its proposed licence renewal process.
423.	WIND and SSi agreed with the renewal process as proposed by Industry Canada.
424.	MTS Allstream suggested that the renewal process begin five years prior to the end of the licence term, whereas TELUS suggested that a separate public consultation be conducted at the earliest opportunity with respect to annual licence fees for mobile spectrum.
425.	Bell and Rogers commented that licensees should have a "high expectation of renewal" not only in the initial licence term, but in all subsequent licence terms.
426.	Industry Canada considers that a public consultation on licence renewal is better conducted towards the end of the licence term, as this results in a more accurate assessment of: the licensees' compliance with the conditions of licence; the general environment (e.g. use of the band by other licensees and international developments); and the demand for spectrum from other parties.
427.	On the issue of the high expectation of renewal for subsequent licences, as noted in the FSAC, spectrum licences have a high expectation of renewal under certain circumstances. An assessment of whether these circumstances exist is better assessed during the consultation on the licence renewal process.
428.	Based on the above considerations, the licence renewal process will apply as proposed:
429.	Following the end of the initial licence term, licensees will have a high expectation of renewal. New licences will be issued for a subsequent term through a formal renewal process unless the Minister determines that a breach of licence condition has occurred, a fundamental reallocation of the spectrum to a new service is required, or an overriding policy need arises. In the absence of the previously outlined determinations, the renewal process facilitates the continued provision of services by existing licensees.
430.	As part of the licence renewal process, the Minister of Industry retains the power to fix the new terms and conditions of spectrum licences and to amend these during the new term of the licence and in accordance with subsection 5(1) of the Radiocommunication Act . As noted in the FSAC, licence fees that reflect some measure of market value will apply to licences issued through a renewal process. Accordingly, the renewal process will serve to determine whether new licences will be issued, the terms and conditions that will apply to the new licences and the applicable licence fees.
431.	Generally, approximately two years prior to the end of the licence term, Industry Canada will review whether there is a need for a fundamental reallocation of the spectrum to a new service, or whether an overriding policy need has arisen. A review of the licensee's continued compliance with the conditions of licence will also begin. Industry Canada will launch a public consultation to discuss whether or not, in light of the above‑noted issues, new licences should be issued for a subsequent term. The consultation paper will also propose, and invite comments on, licence conditions and fees that would apply during the subsequent licence term.
432.	For long‑term spectrum licences, Industry Canada's assessment of a licensee's eligibility for a subsequent licence term will generally be comprised of, among other factors: a review of the licensee's continued compliance with all conditions of licence, including any deployment requirements; a scan of the general environment (e.g. use of the band by other licensees and international developments); and an assessment of the demand for spectrum from other parties.
12. Clarification Process — Amendments and Supplements
433.	Industry Canada may also amend or supplement the auction rules and procedures contained in this Framework. Any such amendment or supplement will be published on Industry Canada's website and will be sent to all qualified bidders.
434.	For a limited period of time, Industry Canada will accept written questions seeking clarification of the rules and policies set out in this Framework. Written questions asking for clarification of rules or policies will be accepted until the deadline specified in the Table of Key Dates . Every effort will be made to post the questions received, along with Industry Canada's written responses, in the shortest time frame possible, depending on the volume of the questions received. Questions and responses that are of a similar nature and subject matter may be grouped and summarized. Questions regarding bidding procedures or the functionality of the software will be addressed during the information session and in mail-out packages intended for qualified bidders, and will not be included in this clarification process, unless they are deemed to be critical information for potential bidders at this point in time. These answers will be considered as clarification of the policies set out in SMSE-002-12, Policy and Technical Framework: Mobile Broadband Services (MBS) — 700 MHz Band, Broadband Radio Service (BRS) — 2500 MHz Band , and as amendments or supplements to the rules set out in this Framework.
435.	Questions should be submitted in electronic format (WordPerfect, Microsoft Word or Adobe PDF) to the following email address: ic.spectrumauctions-encheresduspectre.ic@canada.ca.
436.	Written questions should be addressed to the Manager, Auction Operations, Spectrum Auction Branch, Industry Canada, 300 Slater Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C8.
437.	All questions should cite the Canada Gazette , Part I, the publication date, the title and the notice reference number (DGSA-001-13). Questions and responses will be posted on Industry Canada's Spectrum Management and Telecommunications website at http://www.ic.gc.ca/spectrum.
13. Obtaining Copies
438.	All spectrum‑related documents referred to in this paper are available on Industry Canada's Spectrum Management and Telecommunications website at http://www.ic.gc.ca/spectrum.
439.	For further information concerning the process outlined in this Framework or related matters, contact:
Manager, Auction Operations
Spectrum Auction Branch
Industry Canada
300 Slater Street, 17th Floor
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C8
ic.spectrumauctions-encheresduspectre.ic@canada.ca
Footnote 19
The application forms will be available on request by sending an email to the following address: ic.spectrumauctions-encheresduspectre.ic@canada.ca.
Return to footnote 19 referrer
Refer to the application forms which will be made available on request by sending an email to the following address: ic.spectrumauctions-encheresduspectre.ic@canada.ca.
As per subsection 5(1.3) of the Radiocommunication Act .
2017 Consultations
Archived consultations
Page: E760-sf10582


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Home/News/Games/Rainbow Six Siege: First Italian operator, Alibi, officially revealed
Rainbow Six Siege: First Italian operator, Alibi, officially revealed
"Never reveal the cards you were dealt"
By Farhan Ali January 15, 2020
As we approach the start of Operation Para Bellum, the second season of year three, Ubisoft has begun to slowly reveal the upcoming content. Ubisoft kicked things off earlier this week by revealing the new map, Villa, followed by the recent announcement of Alibi, one of the new defenders.
Ubisoft posted the first Operation Para Bellum trailer which showcased Alibi and her holograms. You can check out the video here:
Ubisoft describes playing Alibi as a "battle of wits with your opponents." We can see from the trailer that Alibi utilizes holograms on the battlefield. No details regarding the working of her gadget have been revealed yet.
"The character of Alibi was inspired by undercover infiltration specialists in the Italian Raggruppamento Operativo Speciale unit. She is a cunning woman with a gift for infiltrating dense networks of organized crime.
Her name is Aria de Luca. She was born in Tripoli, Libya and immigrated with her family when she was three years old. Her father managed a small ordnance manufacturer, using his contacts to open up exports. De Luca earned her understanding of Italian firearms through the family business and training on the shooting range. At 18, Aria entered the European Championships, and won gold in two divisions. Following the event, a Carabinieri recruiter convinced her to join the police force.
De Luca's precision shooting skills shot her up the ranks, and she served for a time with the elite Raggruppamento Operativo Speciale in fighting organized crime. She eventually earned a spot in the Gruppo Intervento Speciale (G.I.S.), and following a successful operation in Afghanistan despite being separated from her unit, she was singled out for undercover work in organized crime. She infiltrated the Vinciguerra Crime Family and spent several years among them before bringing them down from the inside."
Operator Icon
Operation Para Bellum will be introducing a Pick and Ban system to the game once it launches. The working of this mechanic was explained in detail earlier this week and we caught a sneak peek of the new operator icons during the explanation videos.
Fans have speculated that the icon on the right belongs to Alibi, and the one on the left is Maestro's. Technically, the icons have not been officially released so its entirely possible that they are not final.
As is the case with every season, the full reveal of the Operation Para Bellum will be broadcasted live on the Rainbow 6 Twitch and Youtube channels after the Pro League Finals on May 19th – May 20th.
Farhan Ali
Reporter (Gaming) |
Farhan is a passionate writer with an undying love for games, PC hardware, and technology. With nearly 5 years of experience in blogging and over 14 years of experience in gaming, this is what he loves and does best.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Setting aside the March 2015, order of the Madhya Pradesh High Court against BJP candidate Rajendra Mesharam, the Supreme Court has upheld his election win to Devsar seat from the Singrauli district in Madhya Pradesh.
Last year, the high court had nullified Mesharam's election on the grounds that he had failed to furnish the proof of his resignation from the post of chief pharmacist with Northern Coal Fields Limited and that his name did not figure in the certified copy of the voters' list.
The Bench, on the same issue, said when such an issue was not pleaded and Mesharam was not given an opportunity to adduce relevant evidence, the High Court could not have found his election as void under Sec. 100 (1) (a) of the Representation of the People Act.
The election petition was filed by Congress-supported candidate Vanshamani Prasad, asking for Mesharam's election to be declared void.
The District Returning Officer had cancelled Prasad's nomination on the ground that he had failed to deposit the party's form to allot a symbol within the prescribed time. Prasad had contended that the District Returning Officer wrongly accepted Mesharam's nomination under the influence of the ruling BJP party while rejecting his nomination. He, then, contested the election as an independent candidate but lost the election.
He pleaded in his election petition that the acceptance of Mesharam's nomination had materially affected the election result.
Stating this distinction, the Supreme Court said the high court ought to have found out whether the improper acceptance of the nomination had materially affected the result of the election.


Today is the big day! After scrapping an entire record and starting fresh, Grimes finally has a new LP for you to enjoy. The record explores many different sounds and styles while maintaining the weird Grimes vibe you know and love.


_Mentoring students is a responsibility I take quite seriously. I accept graduate students primarily in U.S. environmental history and the history of the American West, including those whose research is on popular culture and Native America (in collaboration with my colleague Jeffrey Ostler). The quality I most value in prospective students, aside from strong research and analytical skills, is a demonstrable commitment to clear narrative writing. Prospective students should refer to my university website for more information.
I teach environmental history and the history of the American West.
To enhance the learning environment for graduate and undergraduate students and facilitate collaborative work among colleagues, I helped launch the Initiative for Environmental Futures--Environmental Humanities, Justice, and Culture at the University of Oregon, of which I am co-director, with my colleague Stephanie LeMenager. We are in the process of developing a center and creating a variety of programs to bring together graduate students and faculty in the environmental humanities across the UO campus. For more information, click here to read our newsletter.
I also co-founded the Cascadia Environmental History Collaborative (with my colleague Linda Nash of the University of Washington). We hold annual retreats at Pack Forest Research Station, near Mount Rainier.


GD Press Tools Pro 5.0 is finally here. This is a first major rewrite for first Dev4Press premium plugin that celebrated the 7th birthday last month. New plugin uses addons based architecture, brings new interface and great new features.
Last year I have decided to split GD Press Tools Pro into 3 separate plugins. A number of features in the old plugin made it very hard to maintain and keep up with changes in WordPress and everything in the plugin. Also, old interface was beyond salvation, and it had to be replaced. Old GD Press Tools Pro is now split into 3 plugins: main one remains GD Press Tools Pro. All security related features are now new plugin called GD Security Toolbox Pro (to be released on March 15, 2016). And all SEO related features are in the plugin called GD SEO Toolbox Pro (released last year).
Some of the features from old plugin are completely gone: posts and users views tracking, the old way of user registration tracking, auto tagger, some outdated security features. But, all 3 plugins have many more new features. Compared to old GD Press Tools Pro, 3 new plugins have almost twice as many features and more is yet to come.
If you purchased GD Press Tools Pro before March 1, 2016 (and your license is still active), you will get both GD Security Toolbox Pro and GD SEO Toolbox Pro licenses for free. They will be linked to the GD Press Tools Pro license, and for as long as that license is active, linked licenses will be active too. If GD Press Tools Pro license expires, you will lose licenses for security and SEO plugins too. If you decide to purchase a new license after your old one expired (you missed the renewal period), you will get only GD Press Tools Pro license, and you would need to buy other two plugins separately.
New plugin requires WordPress 4.0 or newer. On the server side, PHP 5.3 is required (several libraries used depend on using PHP 5.3, including backup), and for backup and remote upload cURL and ZLIB extensions for PHP are required too. The plugin is tested with upcoming WordPress 4.5 (still in Beta).
To get a quick overview of the new plugin, check out the video below.
Plugin current supports 3 types of remote storage (for backups upload): FTP, Amazon S3 and Dropbox.
Special care is taken to make sure plugin works with WordPress multisite. And not only that, plugin has many features specially made for use in multisite environment and to allow for better control of the whole network. Many of the plugin features are developed as multisite first. Some addons are features are made for individual blogs in the network, and each one need to set them up individually. But, plugin brings Overload mode where you can control all blogs in the network from one place.
Plugin is available for download, and if you have the licenses, you can jump right in and test it. Plugin is stable and teseted, but it is still possible that there are some bugs left, and I would be greatful if you can report any problems you find. As with any new plugin, especially when such a major changes is made, it is recommended to test it on staging server or localhost before moving to live website.
I am updating plugin documentation and new videos will be uploaded in the next few days. If you need some specific help, not currently covered, please let me know or stop by the support forums.


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text:
NET Insight
History Of Indonesia Language
INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AND HISTORY
Netgenz.com - Net Insight | Yep... see you again with me, don't worry too much about small talk, so next time Mimin will explain how the Indonesian language was formed or how can the language become the national language, right? Yes, you just have to read and understand, scroll down if you can read it until it's finished, don't worry, you just skip it below, it's clear and easy to understand.
Indonesian is the Indonesian nation's national language "Bahasa Indonesia", which has been strengthened in its position in the 1945 Constitution. The language used as the language of communication has a very long history of development. At first, Indonesian was different from what it is today. The history of the origin of the Indonesian language is as follows:
Also Read: Recommended Places For a Unique Vacation In Indonesia
Language Root
As written in history, the Indonesian language has its roots in the Malay language. Before the arrival of the Dutch to Indonesia, Malay was used as the language of communication and the language of trade between regions. After the arrival of the Dutch to Indonesia, the Dutch made Malay the second official language in correspondence with the local people.
One of the Dutch governors, namely Governor-General Roshussen, showed his interest in Malay and suggested that Malay be included as the schools' language. However, some Dutch parties objected, instead they wanted to make Dutch a compulsory subject in schools.
Interest For You: 14 Top Indonesian Street Food
THE ORIGIN OF INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AND HISTORY
Reasons for Malay to Become Indonesian
At the time of the position of the Dutch Nation, Malay had become the lingua franca (the language of association) in the archipelago. Malay itself is actually an Austronesian language which is a branch of the languages of the Sundanese and Sulawesi tribes. The existence of the Malay language itself has spread from the southeast coast of Sumatra Island as the territory of the Srivijaya kingdom which controlled trade at that time, to the Malay kingdom in Jambi Province.
The Malay language began to split around the 19th century into Indonesian, which at that time was a nation of the Dutch East Indies and the Malay Association of Land which is now Malaysia. Malay is considered a simple and flexible language and can be accepted by the local community, namely the Javanese and Sundanese. This is the reason the Malay language is the origin of the Indonesian language. So that in 1927, for the first time Indonesian was used in a speech by Jahja Datoek (Datuk) Rajo. At the 1st Youth Congress in 1926, the Malay language was discoursed to be developed as an Indonesian language and literature. Read more, and Find Tourism and Culinary In Indonesia.
Suggest For You: Top Unique Destination In Indonesia Look Like Aboard
NET Insight,Regional


Zena Shapter writes from a castle in a flying city hidden by a thunder-cloud. She's the winner of a dozen national writing competitions including a Ditmar Award, the Glen Miles Short Story Prize and the Australian Horror Writers' Association Award for Short Fiction. Her stories have appeared in collections such as the Hugo-nominated 'Sci Phi Journal', 'Midnight Echo' (as well as their 'best of' anthology), 'Award-Winning Australian Writing' (twice), and 'Antipodean SF'. Reviewer for Tangent Online Lillian Csernica has referred to her as a writer who "deserves your attention". In 2016 her co-authored science fiction novel 'Into Tordon' for 8-14 year olds was published by MidnightSun Publishing and distributed into school libraries by Scholastic under the pseudonym Z.F. Kingbolt. She's also the founder and leader of Sydney's award-winning Northern Beaches Writers' Group, with whom she's written several speculative adventure books for young readers to raise money for The Kids' Cancer Project.


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CBS Pittsburgh KDKA TV
Congressman Mike Doyle: COVID-19 Relief Bill Will Help Western Pennsylvania, But Not Enough
The U.S. House of Representatives is expected to approve a $900 billion COVID Relief Bill with the U.S. Senate expected to follow. It's a result of a compromise between a Republican Senate and a Democratic House; KDKA's Jon Delano reports.
Newsom promised 1 million COVID-19 vaccinations. California can't tell if he hit goal
Gov. Gavin Newsom said 1 million additional doses of COVID-19 vaccine would be administered in California over the course of 10 days. But due to the state's data collection issues, it is unclear whether he met that goal.
Trump pardons ex-boyfriend of deported Russian agent
President Donald Trump renewed his grievance over the investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 election by pardoning Paul Erickson, a former conservative operative once romantically linked to Russian agent Maria Butina. Erickson received the pardon even though he had pleaded guilty to fraudulent investment schemes that had nothing to do with Russia or the agent. It was part of a flurry of clemency action by Trump just before his term ended, with the White House characterizing his conviction as "based off the Russian collusion hoax" and saying his pardon "helps right the wrongs of what has been revealed to be perhaps the greatest witch hunt in American History."
U.S. sanctions Venezuelan oil man close to Maduro and regime's opposition leader
Watch Lady Gaga's stunning national anthem performance at Biden's inauguration
Joe Biden's daughter and granddaughter rocked menswear looks on Inauguration Day, and people can't get enough of their fashion


Boris Kagarlitsky was, and is, a Russian left-wing dissident. Born in 1958, he became involved with politics as a sociology student in the 1970s, and was imprisoned for 18 months for distribution of a left-wing journal. His first book, The Thinking Reed (a history of the evolution and survival of the Russian intelligentsia under state socialism) appeared in samizdat form soon after his release.
Other books soon followed. In 1984 Kagarlitsky began work on The Mirage of Modernization. Written at a time when the western left was either collapsing under the onslaught of the liberal right or dissolving itself into the mush of postmodernism, this bravely tried to create a coherent picture of the possibilities for the left on a world scale.
The Dialectic of Change, produced under Gorbachev, explicitly describes itself as 'an attempt at a Marxist analysis of the problems of reformism'. Unlike the `marxists' of the CPSU Kagarlitsky does not uses marxism as a collection of sacred texts used to justify whatever policy has been selected for quite other reasons, but as a framework for his ideas which can be continuously tested against reality. Other Eastern European dissidents had also turned towards Marx - Jacek Kuron in Poland, Rudolf Bahro in the GDR, Miklos Haraszti in Hungary, among others. As the Communist Parties of the eastern bloc collapsed they moved in various directions: some to the right, some to the church, some to the greens, and some becoming 'pure' democrats in the rerun of 1848 that were the 'velvet revolutions'. Kagarlitsky, however, remained a Marxist, as well as an active politician.
In October 1992, he became one of the founding members of the Party of Labour, and was elected to the Moscow City Council. He and two other leading members of the party were briefly arrested after Yeltsin's attack on the White House in September 1993, but released after an international campaign organised by email. The democratic institutions such as the City Council created during the years of perestroika were abolished in the constitution imposed after Yeltsin's coup; the events of the time were described by Kagarltisky in Square Wheels: How Russian Democracy Got Derailed.
Kagarlitsky has since become adviser to the Duma as well as continuing his involvement with a range of left-wing political groups and the trade union movement. He has continued to publish a stream of articles and books on Russia as well as wider topics; his latest major work, Restoration In Russia: Why Capitalism Failed appeared in English in 1995. The links included on these pages are to a mixture of general articles and journalism from 1996 to the present scattered across various sites on the web.


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Mark Giordano
#5 - Calgary Flames
Position Defense
Birthdate October 3, 1983
Birthplace Toronto, Ontario
1/18/21 VAN W 5-2 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 6 - 1 26 21:37
1/16/21 VAN W 3-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 - - 28 22:53
1/14/21 @ WIN L 3-4 (OT) 0 1 1 -2 0 0 0 1 - 3 32 19:50
8/20/20 DAL L 3-7 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 3 3 1 26 19:42
8/18/20 @ DAL L 1-2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 1 1 25 22:44
8/16/20 DAL L 4-5 (OT) 0 0 0 -1 2 0 0 2 - 6 46 28:20
8/14/20 DAL W 2-0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 2 1 6 28 21:33
8/13/20 @ DAL L 4-5 0 1 1 0 4 0 0 2 2 - 30 22:52
8/11/20 @ DAL W 3-2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 1 29 21:38
8/6/20 @ WIN W 4-0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 - 5 34 23:41
20-21 CAL 3 1 1 2 -1 0 1 0 9 11.11
19-20 CAL 60 5 26 31 2 34 2 0 157 3.18
18-19 CAL 78 17 57 74 39 69 3 4 221 7.69
17-18 CAL 82 13 25 38 0 63 1 1 214 6.07
All-Star Appearances
1/25/20 ATL W 5-4 0 1 1 -1 0 0 0 0 - 1 6 5:32
1/25/20 CEN W 10-5 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 2 - - 7 6:01
1/31/16 ATL W 1-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 - 1 6 5:35
1/31/16 CEN W 9-6 0 1 1 -1 0 0 0 1 - 1 9 7:02
1/25/15 FOLIG W 17-12 0 1 1 6 0 0 0 1 - 1 16 21:10


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KCL Big Question
Australia and the Pacific»
Tiny Tokelau takes on America over 'cursed' island
By Paul Chapman
As the tiny South Pacific territory of Tokelau decides whether to embrace self-government, it already has a complicated diplomatic row on its hands - with the United States.
In a scenario reminiscent of the vintage Peter Sellers film The Mouse That Roared, the people of the scattered archipelago are taking a tough line with Washington, demanding the return of a "cursed" island they say belongs to them.
Tokelau, which consists of three coral atolls, is awaiting the outcome of a United Nations-monitored referendum on whether its citizens wish to regain the sovereignty they lost to Britain in 1889. With just 1,500 residents, it would become the smallest self-governing state by population, except for the Vatican City, which has 770 inhabitants.
Now it has emerged that New Zealand, to which Britain transferred the administration of Tokelau in 1926, surrendered sovereignty of a disputed fourth island to America 26 years ago.
Known as Olohega to the people of the Pacific, and Swains Island to the Americans, the atoll measures only a mile and a half from east to west, and one mile from north to south, with a large, landlocked lagoon at its centre.
I'm off to school
Coral islanders vote on independence
An unequal contest
Drawing up a draft constitution for the embryonic nation, the Tokelaun assembly, the General Fono, has defied the wish of embarrassed officials in Wellington by including Olohega as an integral part of its territory.
In the unlikely event that the Pentagon is quaking with alarm at the news, it should be pointed out that Tokelau has no military forces, airports or even a capital. But the islanders lack nothing in determination.
"At the dawn of time the historic islands of Atafu, Nokonunu, Fakaofo and Olohega were created as our home," the territory's new constitution declares.
Tokelau's leaders have even asked the leader of a well-known South Pacific pop group, Opetaia Foa'i, to write a song about the struggle to have Olohega returned.
"Any country would feel an injustice to have an island taken from them, it doesn't matter when," Mr Foa'i said yesterday. "Apart from being traditionally Tokelaun it would really help the population, which is on four square miles. It's a little bit overcrowded. We could do with another island."
Neil Walter, who may turn out to be the last Kiwi administrator of Tokelau if islanders vote for self-government, conceded that the inclusion of Olohega was an "interesting issue". The US embassy in Wellington said it had referred the matter to Washington.
The dispute is the latest twist in a tortuous saga of ownership of Olohega. The island was discovered by a Portuguese navigator, Pedro Fernandes de Quiros, in 1606, who named it Isla de la Gente Hermosa, or the "island of handsome people". It was later conquered by a raiding party from Fakaofo, 100 miles to the north, who killed the men, took the women as wives, and incorporated the atoll into Tokelau. In his dying moments, the island's last chief is said to have placed a curse on the island.
In 1856 it was acquired by a New Yorker, Eli Jennings, who established a successful coconut plantation.
In 1925 a joint resolution of the United States Congress extended sovereignty to the island, and placed it under the jurisdiction of American Samoa. New Zealand surrendered its claim to the atoll in 1980 when the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, a British colony, became the independent states of Kiribati and Tuvalu. Tokelau and Olohega had been administratively part of Gilbert and Ellice.
The current population of Olohega is about 37, most of them descendants of Jennings.
In The Mouse That Roared, a 1959 British comedy, the fictional Duchy of Grand Fenwick pursued a dispute with the US by declaring war and sending an invasion force armed with chainmail and crossbows to New York.
The best way to transfer money overseas
In New Zealand
New Year 2016 around world
New Zealand unfurls flag designs
The Shepherd's Realm
William, Kate and George in New Zealand
Anzac Day in pictures
Kate and William go sailing


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Q: Probability of winning of teacher Teacher is playing a game with his students. He is having $k$ red balls. Each of his student is either having a red or black ball. $M$ students have red balls and $N$ students have black balls.
Now each student come one by one randomly to teacher.

*

*If student has red ball, the teacher keeps the red ball.

*If student has black ball then teacher give a red ball to student.

*If at any time teacher run out of red ball when student with black
ball comes to him, then teacher looses.

*If teacher successfully gave red ball to every student arriving to
him with black ball, then teacher wins.

Now what is the probability that the teacher wins?
I tried to solve for this by using the following trivial conclusions:
It is clear that if N <= k, then teacher always wins.
For N > k, let R and B be event the student with red ball and student with black ball respectively, visits the teacher.
So some string is formed by the visit sequence eg BBBRRBBB... then for any prefix P, if Number of R's + k < Number of B's, then teacher looses.
But unable to solve the problem. Need help.

A: As noted above, if $N\leq k$ then teacher always wins, and if $k+M<N$ then he always loses. Let us be in a position where the teacher wins with probability $p\in(0,1)$. Then I think $p$ is given by
$$
p=\frac{\displaystyle\sum_{j=0}^{\min(k,M-N+k)}{N\choose k-j}{M\choose N-k+j} }{\displaystyle{N+M \choose N}}.
$$
The reasonning is as follow:

*

*You need at least $N-k$ red balls before the $k+1^{th}$ black balls. Hence the first $N$ students must have at most $k$ black balls. There may not be such a number of black balled students, this is why we have the $\min$ function in the sum. The quantity $M-N+k$ represents the remaining red balls after the mandatory $N-k$ we need.

*For each of these configuration, you need to permute the remaining students. The ${M\choose N-k+j}$ factor those that.

*There are obviously ${N+M \choose N}$ ordering of the student.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Built over the site of a Roman temple, the plan of this 11th-century church echoes that of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. Notable artworks inside include a unique carved wooden door and a wooden crucifix.
Pope Leo IX consecrates the altar of St. Maria im Kapitol, Cologne, in the presence of numerous bishops (72 according to tradition).
View of south and east apses, with a square chapel in between. St. Maria im Kapitol, Cologne, Germany. Credit: Holly Hayes.
Carved and painted wooden doors, c.1065, now displayed at the west end of the south aisle. St. Maria im Kapitol, Cologne, Germany. Credit: David Joyal.
Presentation of Christ at the temple (left) and the baptism of Christ by John the Baptist, assisted by an angel (right). Detail of carved and painted wooden doors, c.1065, now displayed at the west end of the south aisle... Credit: David Joyal.
Scenes at the top left, including the Annunciation, Visitation, Announcement to the Shepherds and the Nativity. Detail of carved and painted wooden doors, c.1065, now displayed at the west end of the south aisle... Credit: David Joyal.
The Twelve Apostles receive the Holy Spirit in the form of tongues of fire at Pentecost. Detail of carved and painted wooden doors, c.1065, now displayed at the west end of the south aisle. St. Maria im Kapitol, Cologne, Germany. Credit: David Joyal.
Detail of carved and painted wooden doors, c.1065, now displayed at the west end of the south aisle. St. Maria im Kapitol, Cologne, Germany. Credit: David Joyal.


Hey there. I recently started a 'summary club' project and I decided that the first summary book we publish will be of Eckhart Tolle's The Power of Now, since it's one of my favourite spiritual/ self-help books.
After a lot of work that went into it, I can say that we crafted an implementable summary (with bits of analysis) of PoN that will allow you to review the main points of the original book in less than an hour.
I hope this will help people recall the best ideas from the original book, and it will help get more people interested in the original, if they haven't read it already.
ps If you loved the summary, I'd appreciate leaving a review!


The KUNAI is a 4 x 4 MIDI controller that uses the highest quality; Japanese SANWA buttons , has as many banks as your DAW can handle, a touch filter , and completely customizable and modular!
The best part of The KUNAI is that the enclosure is fully 3D printed, allowing it to be VERY easily customized with minimal effort.
I have included the base files for The KUNAI which have no embossment patterns on it so you can simply drag and drop a pattern into your 3D modeling program, get a 3D stencil from that, and then subtract it from the walls of The KUNAI , causing that pattern to be engraved onto The KUNAI walls.
-You will be given options at the top... Disable Textures, change the levels & smoothness until you achieve a desirable result. You can also use the "Inverse" option to reverse the embossment which will reverse which edges are sunk into the walls and which remain at the same level. After you are done with these options, click on "Import Image" at the top left, and you will be given a 3D model made from a photo.
and move the pattern flush with the wall of The KUNAI; it should "SNAP" into place once it's flush.
-Now click on "Edit" at the top, and select "Subtract" from its secondary bar to create the embossment!
-For the last 2 walls ( that are facing 90 with the initial wall ) , after you do the second subtraction and paste the pattern for a third time, select the rotate tool (E) , and rotate it 90 degrees and then follow the same steps again!
Once you're happy with the Pattern on The KUNAI walls. Save the file as a .STL , .OBJ , or .3MF.
So... This is where things get a little weird, especially since there's multiple ways to do this.
If you're lucky enough to own a 3D printer, I have already done all the brain work to turn your 3D printer into a circuit board creator extraordinaire WITHOUT having to do ANY kind of modifications!!!
Now securing your Copper Board to the printer is the little more complicated part , and where your double sided tape comes in.
-After all these steps are complete , simply load the included "traces" 3d model into your slicer , set your nozzle temp to the high end of the scale for your filament , set your bed to 60 degrees (Haven't tested with an unheated bed) set the walls to "4" , 100% infill , 0.3mm layers, solid diaphragm ever 1 layer ( if you have the option ) , and you may have to mess around with single extrusion settings to get a solid fill on the traces. I also recommend using 2/3 skirts 4-5mm away to prepare the nozzle, and also find out if your board is properly lined up on the bed.
-Once you have the model loaded up and the print settings set, print! -Pay close attention to the skirt when the print first starts, if it prints the whole skirt onto the board , and nothing is lifting / peeling off the board, the rest of the print SHOULD go through no problem!
Once your board is finished printing , it's onto step 2 of 3 of the PCB making process!
Once your copper board is finished printing, it's time to get ready to etch it.
-Remove your RAW PCB from the printer bed and remove any tape still attached to it....prying with a 3D printing chisel with the bed a little warm helps!
-Now run your board under the tap set to hot at maximum pressure ( assuming your sink doesn't shoot lasers ) to melt any of the extra glue off! It doesn't hurt to use a paint brush to try and help get any left over glue out from in between traces that run close to each other ( like the center traces and the ones along the edges ), FAILURE TO REMOVE ANY GLUE WILL RESULT IN THE COPPER NOT BEING ETCHED, AND POSSIBLY SHORTING OUT YOUR BOARD IF NOT CAUGHT EARLY ENOUGH!!!!!
-Now shake shake shake! Constantly agitate the Ferric Chloride by shaking your container, twisting it, rocking it back and forth , what ever, just keep it moving, and switching directions SEEMS to help.
-If you're unsure if it's done ( seems patchy ) , simply remove the board from the Ferric Chloride, run it under some cold water, and inspect it closely , if there's copper left, run that spot under hot water and give it a shake in the Ferric Chloride again for a few min! If that copper doesn't want to etch, it probably still has glue over it, so simply use your paint brush and warm water to remove the glue from there and either submerge it back into the Ferric Chloride , or you can dip your paint brush into the Ferric Chloride and repetitively paint of the spot that the remaining copper is to remove it without having to submerge the whole board again!
-Once you're convinced that all the copper in the negative space ( spots with no 3D printing on it ) has been etched, simply rip off the 3D printed layer using tweezers or a chisel!
-Now you should have a completely blank professional looking PCB you made at home for only a few dollars! (You're welcome) , now take that PCB and run it under water and rub off any glue left over on the traces.
-Now take some steel wool , and give the traces a nice clean & shine!
ONTO STEP 3/3 of the PCB process!
Once you have your blank PCB rinsed and polished , it's time to simply cut it to size and drill the holes for all the components!
This part is simple enough! All components should be mounted on the OPPOSITE side of the traces so that the tail end of the component is only sticking through to the side where the traces are ( picture attached ).
The TEENSY should be mounted with the USB port facing the LEFT EDGE of the board if you're looking at it from the blank side while it's correctly oriented.
now simply solder everything from the other side!
Now onto the next step! Programming!
Since The KUNAI uses a TEENSY processor , it makes compiling code with ARDUINO stupid easy.
I won't break down the code here, as it's annotated pretty well!
You will need the Arduino Programmer and the teensyduino libraries, which can both be found by a quick google search.
Plug in your now "dumb" board into your computer and open up the ARDUINO program.
Now finally hit the arrow button top left to verify and upload the code!
So... Now you technically have a working midi instrument, but we're not 100% sure if there's any shorts , or breaks in the traces & solder, so we need to test it!
Now load up a drum rack ( onto a midi channel for ableton by going to instruments in the collections menu on the left, and double clicking the drum rack to load it up.
now start using a button, a wire or anything conductive, short each set of 2 clips on the board and watch for your LED's to turn on , and for the drum rack pad to light up relating to the set of pads you shorted; bottom left pad ( c1 ) is located on the bottom left of The KUNAI if the board is rotated 90 degrees clockwise.
If every set of standoffs shorting causes a pad launch + LED glow , then the standoffs are working correctly!
Now push the left tactile button and short the pads again , and watch for the lights in the bank of squares above the currently selected one to light up to ensure that your next pad button is working , once you have that working , press the right tactile button, which will return you to your active set of pad , short pads again, if you see the active grid light up , your bank buttons work!
now click on any knob on your daw , then drag your finger along the touch filter, then exit MIDI map mode ( ctrl / command m for ableton , and I THINK FL studio automatically exists after each link ).
Now to finally test the filter, drag your finger along it again, and you should see the knob you clicked on , correlate with the position of your finger on the filter!
YAY!!! YOUR BOARD WORKS! NOW ONTO THE FINAL STEP OF ASSSEMBLY!
Now you should have a 3D printed KUNAI base , a 3D printed KUNAI top , and an assembled Circuit Board!
First step is to put the buttons into the top panel , which is pretty self explanatory . just keep in mind that the button pins need to make *ROWS* instead of *COLUMNS* ( hard to explain ) as the board goes in turned 90 degrees, so if you have a pattern printed on the that needs to be oriented in a certain way, pay attention to that! OTHERWISE , just push the buttons in the same way so that the pins are aligned with the edges of the board creating 4 columns or row!
Now make sure your USB connector is in the correct position, align the pins from the bottom of the buttons into the fuse clips and push them into place! It's easiest to align a whole row or column at a time and push that row or column down at the same time instead of each button individually! Keep in mind that due to the drilling being manual and the placing of the buttons being manual , everything will NOT be perfectly aligned , you may have to finesse the button pin into the clip by slightly bending and twisting the top cover!
Once you have the top assembled , hot glue the tactile buttons into the cut outs in The KUNAI base , let it cool, then simply slide the touch filter into the slit; with the silver part of the filter facing out, and use a little bit of hot glue to keep the resistor and little blue tab secured to the body of The KUNAI so it stays out of the way of the PCB once it's put into the base!
Now simply drop the board and buttons into The KUNAI base , while putting the far edge in first ( edge with the tactile buttons ) and now the tricky part... Lining up the USB port with the cutout.
Now for the last steps screw the top panel into the bottom panel using the 30mm screws, and add the rubber feet to the corners on the bottom of the now finished KUNAI!
Step 9: Support the Future of 3D Printed Instruments!
Thank you for all your support , and I hope you found this tutorial informative enough to make your own, or to have inspired you to purchase one from me!
The controller looks fantastic.The article is very thourough, yet easy to follow. Great job!


As part of the Brighton New England Quarter, this flagship development of 172 homes has delivered an exceptional sustainable community.
This car free development is super energy efficient and carbon neutral. It includes: integrated recycling facilities, rooftop mini-allotment plots and on-site composting facilities. A community centre provides a focal point for the wider community and a Green Lifestyles Caretaker and community extranet helps residents to make sustainable lifestyle choices.
The 172 residential units were planned along with office space, a community centre and both private and public open spaces and landscaping. Energy efficiency is achieved by incorporating photo-voltaics, a biomass boiler and establishing an Energy Services Company (ESCO) to source the remaining electricity requirements through a 'green tariff'. In addition, the Green Travel Plan includes a car club, cycle club and cycle storage facilities.
We managed the planning application and subsequent implementation that embraced the One Planet Living framework – a joint initiative between WWF and the BioRegional Development Group.


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OUR VERDICTS & SETTLEMENTS
The Largest Results. The Strongest Lawyers.
It's not about headlines. It's not about acclaim. Our firm has often found itself in the public eye for some of the most notable cases in the U.S.—the Flint Water Crisis lawsuits, the defense of Dr. Jack Kevorkian, and many others—but we have also fought in thousands of cases that no one ever heard about. We fight just as hard for those cases because every verdict represents a person's future, their life. Every client who comes to us needs an ally. Fieger Law takes that role seriously.
As you can see below, our resources, our experience, and our refusal to back down has resulted in massive results for our clients. When they needed support, when they needed a lawyer who wouldn't stop fighting for them, they turned to Fieger Law—and we didn't let them down. Combined, our verdicts and settlements equal hundreds of millions of dollars for clients.
Call 1-800-A-WINNER and find out what we can do for you.
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A $144.5 million verdict obtained by Fieger Law in 2011 is the largest ever awarded in a medical malpractice case in the nation.
VanSlembrouck v. Halperin, et al, Circuit Court of Oakland County, Michigan, Case No. 06-074585-NH (2011) (birth trauma)
A $144.5 million verdict obtained by Fieger Law in 2011 is the largest ever awarded in a medical malpractice case in the nation. Geoffrey Fieger, with help from Fieger Law Counsel Jack Beam, procured the award on behalf of a Macomb Township family in a tragic birth trauma case against William Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak. The verdict came in Oakland County Circuit Court on Oct. 18 in front of Judge Rudy J. Nichols. Fieger Law represented the family of Markell VanSlembrouck, a 15-year-old who sustained serious injuries during her birth at William Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak. Fieger argued that doctors should have ordered a C-section for Markell's mother, Kimberly VanSlembrouk, and that the hospital's negligence caused a traumatic birth, which resulted in Markell's severe cerebral palsy. Now a teenager, Markell can't walk or talk and needs constant care. Her parents assist her 24 hours a day, helping with every aspect of her life, from eating and dressing to bathing. After a three week trial and three days of deliberation, the jury awarded Fieger's client $144 million. "Ninety-eight percent of this verdict is economic damages required to care for Markell for the rest of her life. It's $12 per hour, 24 hours per day, for 77 years," Fieger said, plus lost earnings capacity starting in 2018, the year she would have graduated from college. The verdict also includes noneconomic damages, capped at $738,000 by law. "It's been an emotional, long time," said Kimberly VanSlembrouck, mother of Markell VanSlembrouck. "It's not about getting rich — it's about helping a poor baby that didn't ask for this."
Attorney Geoffrey N. Fieger
Wayne County Jury Awards $135 Million Malpractice Verdict Against DMC
Largest Verdict In The USA for 2018
Fieger hails jurors as heroes
Nationally known trial lawyer, Geoffrey Fieger, announced today that a Wayne County jury, sitting in the courtroom of Judge Brian Sullivan, after a 2 week trial, returned a verdict on Monday, July 2, 2018 against the Detroit Medical Center, totaling $135 Million Dollars as a result of crippling
Geoffrey Fieger recently won the largest verdict in Indiana history in the case of Moreland v Dieter et al.
$56.5 million verdict – Moreland v. St Joseph County, et al, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Indiana, Case No 3:99 CV-607-PS (2002) (jail death)
Geoffrey Fieger recently won the largest verdict in Indiana history in the case of Moreland v Dieter et al. A jury awarded the $56.5 million verdict May 9, 2002 on a civil rights claim involving a death in a jail cell. Christopher Moreland, 30, was arrested in the early morning of Oct. 5, 1997 for suspicion of driving while intoxicated. While he was housed in the St. Joseph County Jail in South Bend, a jailer sprayed him in the face with the powerful OC 10, known to be 10 times stronger than pepper spray. The jailers also choked him and slammed his head against a concrete bench. Testimony revealed that two other jail deputies then took Moreland to the showers where they doused him with hot water, magnifying the effect of the OC 10, then restrained him and sprayed him again in the face. Then, they threw him back into the showers causing him to hit his head and suffer a subdural hematoma. Moreland, naked and unconscious, was later pronounced dead. The deputies were acquitted of federal criminal charges, but Moreland's family hired Fieger Law to file a civil suit. The firm sued deputies and the county jail, alleging they violated Moreland's civil rights under Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act. A jury agreed and awarded a record $56.5 million verdict.
In 2016, Geoffrey Fieger, along with co-counsel Jack Beam, won this record-setting jury verdict in the case of Isaiah Ewing vs. University of Chicago Hospital.
Isaiah was born with a severe brain injury after suffering 12 hours of fetal distress due to the negligence of medical staff, who later mounted a cover-up. The medical malpractice verdict is the largest ever in Cook County, Ill. and will ensure Isaiah's medical costs are covered for the rest of his life.
Attorney Geoffrey Nels Fieger is recognized for the top jury verdict of the year, $40 million in the medical malpractice case of the Estate of Terrea Holly v. Detroit Receiving Hospital and Detroit Medical Center.
During the 8-day trial in front of the Hon. Annette J. Berry in Wayne County Circuit Court, Fieger argued that had doctors conducted their care within the accepted standard, and had Holly been properly treated with anticoagulants on Oct. 17, 2013, the 26-year-old would not have suffered the massive pulmonary embolism that killed her the following day.
The jury deliberated for three hours before returning the verdict.
Geoffrey Fieger won a record verdict of $30 million in Lexington County, South Carolina for the family of Dr. Asif Sheikh.
$30 million verdict – Sheikh v. Lexington Medical Center, Court of Common Pleas, Lexington County, South Carolina, Case No. 2003-CP-32-0675 (2007) (medical malpractice)
Geoffrey Fieger won a record verdict of $30 million in Lexington County, South Carolina for the family of Dr. Asif Sheikh. The jury found that Lexington Medical Center negligently caused Dr. Sheikh's death after routine knee surgery by administering an overdose of narcotics and failing to monitor his vital signs.
Geoffrey Fieger won a $30 million jury verdict for the family of a 35-year-old man who was killed when a Dearborn parking meter attendant took the law into his own hands.
$30 million verdict – Coe v City of Dearborn, Circuit Court of Wayne County, Michigan, Case No. 03-306126-NI (2005) (automobile negligence)
Geoffrey Fieger won a $30 million jury verdict for the family of a 35-year-old man who was killed when a Dearborn parking meter attendant took the law into his own hands. Agron Seiko, 20, was given a Dearborn police car to drive during his shift as a meter maid on Feb. 17, 2003. While driving the car, Seiko heard over the radio that Dearborn police were pursuing a stolen vehicle several miles from where he was. Suddenly deciding to play cop, Seiko began racing through the city at speeds approaching 100 miles an hour to reach the scene of the crime. As he sped down Rotunda Drive around 4:30 p.m., carelessly plowing through red lights, Ford Motor Company employees were just leaving work. William Vesper Owen IV, 35, was among them. A computer engineer for many years at Ford, Owen was pulling out of the Ford parking lot on a green light. As he proceeded to make a left hand turn on Rotunda, Seiko struck him at nearly 60 miles per hour. Owen died a slow, painful death. Seiko was convicted of negligent homicide after being charged with manslaughter. Geoffrey Fieger filed suit against the City of Dearborn in February 2003. The city's insurer, AIG, refused to settle the suit on the advice of its attorneys, who claimed that Michigan Appellate Courts would never allow the plaintiff's verdict to stand. The suit went before the Honorable Michael Callahan of the Wayne County Circuit Court in July. The 10-day trial was resolved July 28, when the jury announced its verdict of $25 million. With interest, the verdict will total in excess of $30 million. Fieger said it's a shame that city residents will have to pay out of their own pockets for the tragic accident. "The taxpayers of the City of Dearborn should tar and feather AIG Insurance Company and its attorneys. Dearborn is insured in the amount of $12 million. The case could have been settled. Instead, after paying for its insurance, the taxpayers will be stuck with a $20 million excess verdict," Fieger said. "It is shocking that this occurred, but it is the result of the insurance company's belief that they own the Michigan Supreme Court."
Geoffrey Fieger won a verdict of $30 million in the case of Mary Curry, who was slammed five years ago by a Ryder Truck while she was stopped for a presidential motorcade.
Curry v Westerby, Circuit Court of Genesee County, Michigan, Case No. 95-39277-NI (2000) (automobile negligence)
Geoffrey Fieger won a verdict of $30 million in the case of Mary Curry, who was slammed five years ago by a Ryder Truck while she was stopped for a presidential motorcade. One friend in the car died in the accident, and Curry was severely injured.
A Cuyahoga County jury held in favor of a brain-damaged 17-year-old boy and slammed a doctor and hospital with a $30 million medical malpractice verdict – the largest ever awarded in the county.
$30 million verdict- Hollins v Mt Sinai, et al, Court of Common Pleas, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, Case No. 484240 (birth trauma)
A Cuyahoga County jury held in favor of a brain-damaged 17-year-old boy and slammed a doctor and hospital with a $30 million medical malpractice verdict – the largest ever awarded in the county. Walter Hollins of Cleveland, who has the mental capacity of a 1-year-old, clapped when the verdict was announced, but couldn't comprehend the historic event unfolding in Judge Robert Lawther's courtroom. The panel of four men and four women decided 6-2 that Dr. Ronald Jordan and the medical staff at the now-defunct Mt. Sinai Medical Center were negligent at the boy's birth Jan. 29, 1987. Witnesses testified that Harris waited for more than two hours to receive an emergency Caesarean section, during which time the flow of oxygen was cut off to Walter's brain. The majority of jurors found that the doctor and hospital staff shared responsibility for Walter's injuries, which include cerebral palsy and no use of his arms or legs. His condition is incurable. Attorney Geoffrey Fieger had asked the jury for $35 million in damages to pay for round-the-clock nursing care for Walter, future surgeries, lost earnings and pain and suffering. "If I were the defense, I don't think I would have taken me on in the first place," said Fieger, who called the circumstances of Walter's birth some of the most horrific he had ever seen. The majority of the jurors agreed. Although Mt. Sinai no longer exists, a $77 million insurance fund remains to be tapped for damages, Fieger said.
Outnumbered by men 80 to 1, a female millwright suffered abuse for years at Daimler Chrysler.
$30 million verdict – Gilbert v DiamlerChrysler, Circuit Court of Wayne County, Michigan, Case No. 94 409216 NH (1999) (sexual harassment)
Outnumbered by men 80 to 1, a female millwright suffered abuse for years at Daimler Chrysler. Geoffrey Fieger won a $30 million judgment against the automaker in the sexual harassment case. This is the largest single sexual harassment verdict in U.S. history.
In 2008, Fieger Law won the largest verdict in Pennsylvania history on behalf of a 12-year-old boy shot by police.
Hickenbottom v Nassan, U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, Case No. 03-223 (police misconduct/excessive force)
In 2008, Fieger Law won the largest verdict in Pennsylvania history on behalf of a 12-year-old boy shot by police. A federal jury awarded $28 million in damages to the family of Michael Ellerbe, a Uniontown, Pennsylvania boy who was intentionally shot in the back on Christmas Eve in 2002 by two state troopers. The boy, who was driving a stolen SUV, was unarmed. It was the first wrongful death verdict against Pennsylvania State Police in recent memory and the largest payment ever imposed against the agency. "This is an American child who was shot in the back in broad daylight, and it was covered up," Geoffrey Fieger said, applauding the jury's decision. "It means that justice still exists."
Geoffrey Fieger won a $26 million verdict in a case involving an infant whose hypoglycemia went untreated at Washington Hospital, Washington, Penn.
Taylor v. Washington Hospital, et al, Common Pleas of Washington County, Pennsylvania, 94-5117 (medical malpractice)
Geoffrey Fieger won a $26 million verdict in a case involving an infant whose hypoglycemia went untreated at Washington Hospital, Washington, Penn. All the baby needed was a thimble full of sugar water. Instead, it was left to suffer brain damage, and will need life-long, around-the-clock care. This was the largest verdict in western Pennsylvania history.
A Wayne County Jury awarded $25,000,000 to the family of William Owen.
A Wayne County Jury awarded $25,000,000 to the family of William Owen, after a trial in which Geoffrey Fieger proved a parking enforcement officer for the City of Dearborn was grossly negligent when his police car struck a car driven by Mr. Owen.
A Wayne County Circuit Court jury awarded Fieger Law $25 million to a 24-year-old Detroit man who was injured while working at a National Steel Corp. – now U.S. Steel Corp. – mill on Zug Island in 2003.
Ashley v. National Steel Corporation, Circuit Court of Wayne County, Michigan, Case No: 03-316563-NO (2004) (gross negligence)
A Wayne County Circuit Court jury awarded Fieger Law $25 million to a 24-year-old Detroit man who was injured while working at a National Steel Corp. – now U.S. Steel Corp. – mill on Zug Island in 2003. Jerry Ashley, who was hired to work in the mill to shovel steel shavings, was crushed under a 10-ton steel wall that fell on March 17, 2003, causing brain damage and other injuries, Fieger said. Fieger touted the verdict for his client as one of the largest of the year.
In 1999, Geoffrey Fieger obtained a $25 million jury verdict for the family of Scott Amedure against The Jenny Jones Show and Warner Brothers in the Oakland County Circuit Court.
Amedure v Warner Brothers, Circuit Court of Oakland County, Michigan, 95-494536-NZ (1999) (wrongful death/negligence)
In 1999, Geoffrey Fieger obtained a $25 million jury verdict for the family of Scott Amedure against The Jenny Jones Show and Warner Brothers in the Oakland County Circuit Court. In that case-which was nationally televised daily by Court TV and referred to as The Jenny Jones case, Scott Amedure was shot and killed three days after appearing on the Jenny Jones show where he was enticed to reveal a "secret crush" that he had on his friend Jonathan Schmidt. The jury found that The Jenny Jones Show was negligent in the manner in which they deceived the show guests and incited strong emotional reactions to be revealed on live TV only to push their guests out the door once the lights and cameras were turned off. Upon returning to Detroit, Schmidt was so humiliated by the manner in which the show was conducted that he shot and killed Amedure in cold blood.
Attorney Geoffrey Fieger anounced that a Cook County Jury, in the courtroom of Judge Lorna E. Propes, awarded a verdict against Presence St. Joseph Hospital for $23.5 Million Dollars, on behalf of a brain-damaged child.
Havard v. Hutzel Women's Hospital, Circuit Court of Wayne County, Michigan 07-729813-NH (2014) (medical malpractice- birth trauma)
Slider v Washington Hospital, et al, Court of Common Pleas of Washington County, Pennsylvania, Case No. 94-5117 (2001) (medical malpractice)
Martinez v. Botsford, Circuit Court of Oakland County, Michigan, Case No. 89-370447-NH (1993)(birth trauma)
Gross Negligence
Attorney James J. Harrington IV
Auto Negligence
General Negligence
Semi truck driver was using phone before fatal crash
Negligent use of pitocin Among birth injury claims.
Jack M. Beam, Of Counsel
Staffer failed to recognize fetal distress signs.
Woman killed while riding bicycle on U.S. 31.
Experts: Baby should have qualified for cesarean.
Delay in calling C-section resulted in disabilities.
Plaintiff suffered brain injury from MRI study.
Liability disputed in minor's death.
Defendant was distracted by coffee, phone before crash.
Auto ?Negligence
General negligence led to severe injuries.
Plaintiff suffered numerous injuries in freeway crash.
Mother dies, daughter injured in crash.
Pedestrian struck, killed by Alma city bus.
6-year-old Robert Turner called 911 after his mother passed out and fell to the ground. Defendant Nichols, a 911 emergency service operator with the City of Detroit, was terminated for failing to respond to the call. Robert was trapped in the room while his mother died.
Plaintiff struck while walking in crosswalk.
Jail Death
$10,000,00.00
Negligence alleged in plaintiff's death.
Plaintiff suffers life-altering injuries in crash.
Geoffrey Fieger wins top verdict in Michigan for 2018
Attorney Geoffrey Fieger was recognized for earning the number one verdict of the year — $136.7 million in a medical malpractice case — in 2018 Million Dollar Verdicts & Settlements, an annual publication by Michigan Lawyers Weekly.
The case involved a 10-year-old girl who underwent spinal fusion surgery at Children's Hospital of Michigan to correct scoliosis and a spinal anomaly in 2011. After the surgery, she complained of tingling and numbness in her hands and feet which progressed up her extremities, resulting in decreased muscular function and loss of bladder and bowel control. A second surgery was performed five days later resulting in further spinal cord compression and complications. The following day, an urgent third surgery removed the hardware installed in the previous procedures, but she was left unable to walk normally, and with incontinence and loss of dexterity in her right hand — in addition to severe depression, loss of earning capacity, chronic pain and medical expenses — for the rest of her life.
On behalf of the plaintiffs, Fieger claimed negligence, gross negligence, surgical errors, and failure to perform proper exams within 24 hours of the onset of complications.
Following a 2-week jury trial before Judge Brian Sullivan in Wayne County Circuit Court, the jury returned a verdict of $136.7 million on July 2, in favor of the plaintiffs.
In addition to this top verdict, Geoffrey Fieger, his Partner James Harrington !V, and the attorneys of Fieger Law in Southfield, Mich., earned 23 other top verdicts and settlements in 2018, totalling more than $235 million, according to the publication.
Other Fieger Law attorneys recognized in the special issue include Greg Wix, Todd Weglarz, Chris Collis, David Dworetsky, Stephanie Arndt, James Craig, James McCullen and Don Dawson.


Sending a payment across the LN will always be faster than Visa because a Visa payment involves an auth with a third party. LN payments can be processed as fast as a TCP/IP connection between two peers. A single channel has been shown to process over 250 TPS, so the network can scale to no real upper bound.
The researcher performed a number of payment tests with different LN wallets (Wallet of Satoshi and BlueWallet) against the fastest "traditional" payment method out there: MasterCard debit card with Apple Pay. He concluded that there is not much difference at the level of payments, transactions, and UX, noting that Apple Pay was a few seconds faster, but not enough that you would notice it.


RFP = "Ride for Pie"
Why? Because pie fixes everything! And the bonus is ... I buy the pie! And give you free stickers!
SECOND ANNUAL --- TENNESSEE DIRT DEVIL RIDE & CAMP!!!
Last year Ken and I put on this ride. It was such a hit, we decided to make it an annual event!
Friday, June 7th - Set up camp at Meriwether Lewis Campground on the Natchez Trace. Map: https://goo.gl/maps/Kp9qMoVtKwP2. Make your way to the campground whenever and however you want. I'll be there around lunchtime to hopefully grab the campsite we used last year at the end of the loop. There are lots of campsites and plenty of trees if you want to hang your hammock. However, there are no showers at the campground, so you can either (a) bring a camp shower or (b) take a "ho bath" in the restrooms, which they do have. I'm bringing a lot of stuff (cooler, pop-up canopy, grill, firewood, etc.), so I'll be driving up with the bike on the trailer.
Saturday, June 8th - Ride as much of the TN Dirt Devil as we can. Expect 120-160 miles of mostly smooth dirt roads with about 12-15 creek crossings. Depth of creek crossings will depend on rain that week, but usually they are not too challenging. We will stay on public roads and avoid crossing private property. Lunch will be at the Beacon Light Tea Room. Link: https://beaconlightrestaurant.com/. Wear swim trunks under your riding pants, so you can cool off in the creek! Back at the campground, there will surely be plenty of entertainment and lively conversation.
Sunday, June 9th - Leisurely coffee and breakfast, pack up, clean up, and go home.
Saturday morning, kickstands will go up at 9:00am. We are not going to a gas station first, so if you need gas, please fill up Friday afternoon/evening.
Immediately after eating lunch, we will stop at a gas station. You can expect 60-80 miles before lunch/gas, and another 60-80 miles back to Hohenwald.
It could be hot & humid for the ride on Saturday, so please wear a hydration pack with at least 2 liters of water to drink.
There are no plans to eat breakfast or supper in town, but Hohenwald is only 10 minutes away if you prefer not to eat camp food.
Bring your own camp food, camp stove, dehydrated eggs, instant coffee, tuna packs, crackers, Count Chocula, etc.
Hopefully the weather will be great and the creeks will be just right in both depth and temperature, so dust off that camping gear and come on out! Let's get those bikes wet!
11 Likes jrobinson, springer, Moto Guzzi, Fencejumper09, Jwwr and 6 more people like this.
Great ride last year. Imma put this one on the calendar. Hopefully this year my DR won't bite you again!
5 Likes Moto Guzzi, Fencejumper09, Mulley, 2372ighost and BamaPhill like this.
Birthday weekend again for me this year! I hope the wife likes the easy gift of free time!!
I know I'm not the only one craving those biscuits with preserves at the lunch stop. Holy crap that was good. I might even enjoy a big ol' glass of milk with @kyle Peterson.
4 Likes springer, Moto Guzzi, Fencejumper09 and TWJohn like this.
2 Likes springer and Moto Guzzi like this.
Will someone bring a tv so we can watch the pterodactyl video?
1 Like Moto Guzzi likes this.
I will be going. It was allot of fun last year.
Change of plans...I might be able to make this. Mandatory work conference that week out of town. Depends on how early I can get back home Friday night if I'll be able to make it up there Saturday morning.


The NCAA baseball regionals are part of the NCAA Division 1 Baseball Championship. Every year around Memorial Day a selection committee decides the 64 teams who will make up the NCAA Baseball tournament. 30 teams get automatic births from winning their conference and 34 are selected at-large.
The first step in the process is deciding the 16 teams which will host a NCAA baseball regional. Next, each region will get three lesser seeded teams leading to a double elimination round robin tournament played at the host teams stadium. Eight of the regional hosts will also be given a national seed, meaning they are guaranteed to host again in the next round.
The winner of each regional will advance to a best of three super regional with the winner of that making the eight team College World Series.
The NCAA moved to a the regional format in 1975 and since then Florida State holds the record for most times hosting a NCAA baseball regional with 30. LSU is second at 21 times. Despite their history of getting great seeds and hosting regionals Florida State has ever won a National Championship.
The most people to ever watch a NCAA baseball regional game was Dudy Noble Field on Mississippi State's campus where, on May 27, 1990, 11,496 fans watched the Bulldogs take on Florida State.
The longest college baseball game in NCAA history, a matchup between the University of Texas and Boston College, took place at a NCAA baseball regional in Austin, Texas on May 30, 2009. UT ended up winning the contest 3-2 after 25 innings.