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Jacques Lucien Jean Delors () este un politician francez care a ocupat funcția de al optulea președinte al Comisiei Europene în perioada 1985-1995.

A fost ministru al finanțelor din Franța din 1981 până în 1984. A fost membru al Parlamentului European din 1979 până în 1981. În calitate de președinte, Delors a fost cel mai vizibil și influent lider în afacerile europene. El a implementat politicile care leagă strâns națiunile membre și a promovat neobosit nevoia de unitate. A avut critici, dar în general; a fost bine respectat pentru imaginația și angajamentul său față de cauza unității europene. [citație necesară] Cele două realizări principale ale sale au fost crearea unei piețe unice care a făcut libera circulație a persoanelor, capitalului, bunurilor și serviciilor în cadrul Comunității Economice Europene (CEE) posibil. De asemenea, el a condus comitetul care a propus uniunea monetară pentru crearea euro, o nouă monedă unică care să înlocuiască monedele naționale individuale. Acest lucru a fost realizat prin semnarea Tratatului de la Maastricht în 1992.

Politica franceză
Născut la Paris într-o familie originară din Corrèze, Delors a deținut prima oară în anii 1940 până în anii 1960 o serie de posturi în planuri bancare și de stat franceze la Banque de France. [2] Ca membru al Confederației Franceze a Muncitorilor Creștini, a participat la secularizarea acesteia și la înființarea Confederației Democratice Franceze a Muncii. În 1969, a devenit consilier pentru afaceri sociale al prim-ministrului gaullist Jacques Chaban-Delmas, o mișcare care a fost prezentată ca parte a extinderii lui Chaban către centrul și a atras mai întâi atenția mass-media către Delors personal. [2]

În 1957, Delors a părăsit CFDT când a devenit un înalt oficial guvernamental pentru a evita conflictele de interese. În 1974 Delors s-a alăturat Partidului Socialist Francez, alături de alți creștini de stânga. El a fost unul dintre rarii membri ai partidului care a fost deschis religios, provocând astfel tradiția sa seculară de lungă durată a Laïcité. A slujit în Parlamentul European din 1979 până în 1981, devenind președinte al Comisiei pentru afaceri economice și monetare, participând activ la dezbaterile despre politicile economice, sociale și monetare. Sub președintele François Mitterrand, Delors a ocupat funcția de ministru al economiei și finanțelor din 1981 până în 1983 și ministru al economiei, finanțelor și bugetului din 1983 până în 1984. El a susținut o pauză în politicile sociale, o acceptare clară a economiei de piață și o aliniere cu social-democrația europeană. În mod critic, el a ținut linia cu privire la aderarea Franței la Sistemul Monetar European (SME), acordând prioritate stabilității monetare față de prioritățile de cheltuieli de stânga. Mitterrand a cochetat cu ideea de a-l numi prim-ministru, dar nu a făcut niciodată numirea.

Președintele Comisiei Europene
Delors a devenit președintele Comisiei Europene în ianuarie 1985. În timpul președinției sale, el a supravegheat importante reforme bugetare și a pus bazele introducerii unei piețe unice în Comunitatea Europeană. A intrat în vigoare la 1 ianuarie 1993 și a permis libera circulație a persoanelor, a capitalului, a bunurilor și a serviciilor în cadrul Comunității.

Delors a condus, de asemenea, comitetul care la începutul anului 1989 a propus uniunii monetare să creeze o nouă monedă - euro - care să înlocuiască monedele naționale individuale. Acest lucru a fost făcut în Tratatul de la Maastricht din 1992.

În opoziție cu neoliberalismul strident al președintelui american Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) care a dominat agenda politică americană, Delors a promovat o interpretare alternativă a capitalismului care l-a încorporat în structura socială europeană. El a sintetizat trei teme. Din stânga a venit favorizarea redistribuirii bogăției și protecția celor mai slabi. În al doilea rând, o abordare neomercantilistă a dorit să maximizeze producția industrială europeană. O a treia a fost dependența de piață. Accentul său asupra dimensiunii sociale a Europei a fost și rămâne central pentru o narațiune puternică care a devenit un element cheie al autoidentificării Uniunii Europene.

Președinția Delors a fost considerată vârful influenței Comisiei Europene asupra integrării europene.

Post-Președinție
Delors are un interes îndelungat pentru educație. Inițiator al unei legi franceze în 1971 (la formation professionnelle continue - FPC) care impunea firmelor să aloce o parte din profiturile lor pentru oportunități educaționale pentru angajații lor, el a prezidat, de asemenea, o Comisie UNESCO pentru Educație pentru secolul XXI, din 1993 până în 1996, a cărei raportul final a fost publicat ca Învățare: Comoara înăuntru. Această lucrare continuă să aibă o influență semnificativă asupra discursului despre învățarea pe tot parcursul vieții, formând fundamentul conceptual atât pentru indicele canadian de învățare compozit, cât și pentru proiectul European Lifelong Learning Indicators (ELLI).

În 1994, membrii Partidului Socialist Francez au încercat să-l convingă pe Delors să candideze la funcția de președinte al Franței. Sondajele au arătat că va avea șanse foarte mari să învingă pe oricare dintre principalii concurenți conservatori - prim-ministrul Édouard Balladur și primarul Parisului Jacques Chirac. Cu toate acestea, Delors a refuzat să candideze și eventualul candidat socialist, Lionel Jospin, a fost învins în alegerile prezidențiale din 1995 de Jacques Chirac.

Delors a fondat grupul de reflecție Notre Europe cu sediul la Paris, Notre Europe, în 1996 și rămâne unul dintre președinții săi. Este președinte al Conseil de l'emploi, des revenus et de la cohésion sociale și membru de onoare al Institutului Aspen France și al Clubului Romei.

La 15 septembrie 2010, Delors a susținut noua inițiativă Spinelli Group, care a fost înființată pentru a revigora eforturile de federalizare a Uniunii Europene. Alți susținători de seamă includ Daniel Cohn-Bendit, Guy Verhofstadt, Sylvie Goulard, Andrew Duff și Elmar Brok.

În 2012, Delors a declarat în ziarul Handelsblatt că "Dacă britanicii nu pot susține tendința spre o mai mare integrare în Europa, putem rămâne totuși prieteni, dar pe o bază diferită. Mi-aș putea imagina o formă precum un spațiu economic european sau un spațiu liber-acord comercial."

Viată personală
Delors este tatăl lui Martine Aubry (născută în 1950), care a servit ca prim secretar al Partidului Socialist Francez 2008–2012.

Premii
În 1990, Delors a primit Freedom medal.

În 1992, Delors a primit Premiul Carol Cel Mare.

În 1995, Delors a câștigat Premiul Charles V, acordat de Fundación Academia Europea de Yuste.

În 2010, Delors a fost primul care a fost distins cu premiul Leonardo European Corporate Learning Award.

La 25 iunie 2015, Donald Tusk a anunțat că Delors va deveni a treia persoană care va primi titlul de Cetățean de Onoare al Europei, ca recunoaștere a "contribuției sale remarcabile la dezvoltarea proiectului european".

Note

Legături externe

Nașteri în 1925
Comisari europeni
Europarlamentari francezi
Miniștri de finanțe
Președinți ai Comisiei Europene


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Trump Activates National Guard to Handle Coronavirus: 'We're at War'
Winston Wang 0 March 22, 2020 6:18 pm
Image Credit: The White House from Washington, DC / Public domain
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Speaking at the Coronavirus Task Force Briefing Sunday, President Donald Trump announced he was activating the National Guard in the states of New York, California, and Washington, where the virus has hit the hardest, to help fight the spread of the coronavirus.
Trump said that the respective governors of those states would retain command over the National Guard, but the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) would pay for 100 percent of costs, freeing up state resources.
"This will give them maximum flexibility to use the guard against the virus without having to worry about cost or liability, and freeing up state resources to protect the health and safety of the people in their state."
In addition, he announced the deployment of new supplies and beds to assist with the coronavirus response.
"We have large quantities of medical equipment and supplies on the way, based on all of this, to the states, including respirators, surgical masks and gowns, coveralls, and gloves already delivered to Washington and to New York. In addition to large quantities of supplies, I've directed FEMA to supply the following: four large medical stations with 1,000 beds for New York, eight large medical stations with 2,000 beds for California, and three large federal medical stations, and four small medical stations with 1000 beds for the state of Washington."
According to Trump, the placement of those medical centers would be based on "the governor's request."
"We send the resource to them and they will put it to best use. They will put it to where they will have the most effect. We do not dictate where it goes […] again it is a request from the state to the federal government and the governor can use that as he or she sees fit."
The National Guard is composed mostly of people who hold a civilian job and serve in the National Guard part-time. The deployment of the National Guard will currently be used mainly to deliver supplies as well as help coordinate medical centers.
Then, aligning with New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo's and New York City Mayor's "war mentality," President Trump described the coronavirus and its economic impact as "war."
"I want to assure the American people that we're doing everything we can each day to ultimately defeat this horrible, invisible enemy. We're at war. In a true sense, we're at war and we're an invisible enemy."
"We have to help the workers. We have to save the companies because as soon as we're finished with this war, our country is going to bounce back like you've never seen before. but we have to get it to that position and we have to make sure those companies are whole, that they haven't been disbanded."
Previously, Gov. Cuomo had called for more federal aid for New York, which has been hit the hardest by the coronavirus.
"I think the federal government should order factories to manufacture masks, gowns, ventilators, the essential medical equipment that is going to make the difference between life and death," he said on Sunday. "It's not hard to make a mask or PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) equipment or a gown, but you need companies to do it."
Senator Gary Peters (D-Mich.) said this Friday that many companies in his state are ready to transition temporarily to manufacturing ventilators and other medical equipment to help fight the coronavirus, but they "need direction from the administration."
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Walmart Canada is a subsidiary of Walmart and is one of Canada's largest retailers with over 150 stores. The company is also one of Canada's largest online commerce providers with a fast growing mobile shopping customer pool.
A more flexible and iterative development environment for back-end systems. The companys architecture based on Oracle ATG required specialist development teams and long development cycles. Both platforms require specific knowledge. This forced longer product turns and developer startup windows, hindering the overall pace of code development.
Less reliance on expensive hardware and software. Oracle ATG ran best on expensive custom hardware. This meant Walmart needed to buy expensive hardware to expand capacity and could not "burst on its commodity servers to meet peak loads.
Improved scalability and performance. Walmart's legacy enterprise Java infrastructure could only handle limited simultaneous requests per application server. Walmart needed a modern event-driven architecture designed to handle many more concurrent processes and end users per application server without requiring additional compute capacity.
Easy integration into existing infrastructure and minimal downtime. Because Walmart never closed for business, its ecommerce store couldn't either. So any upgrades and improvements would need to easily integrate with legacy system components without requiring massive outlays to build a second, shadow architecture.
We chose Scala, Akka and Play Framework because we recognized that we needed to switch to a Reactive development environment and decouple critical components in order to allow for faster development and better scalability. With the help from Lightbend and SapientRazorfish, we dramatically improved our performance on mobile devices and saved money by moving to commodity hardware that allowed to scale on demand and stop building for peak loads.
Simon Rodrigue VP of eCommerce at Walmart Canada.
Walmart's tech leadership opted for a 360-degree upgrade of the ecommerce experience and back end, with the help of consulting partner SapientRazorfish. Big supporters of open source software projects, Walmart and SapientRazorfish considered various programming languages before deciding on a Scala stack. Because Scala runs Java code natively, Walmart would be able to gently transition out of its legacy stack and towards a modern, Reactive environment. Existing Scala, Akka and Play leverage modern multi-core architecture capabilities to handle massive numbers of concurrent users by default without requiring cumbersome multi-thread Java programming. By separating Scala-powered tasks from those that required ATG, SapientRazorfish and Walmart could move a significant percentage of back-end tasks to commodity virtual machines running on Walmart's internal private cloud.
A faster and cheaper development process: "The Walmart and SapientRazorfish development teams were able to function in a far more agile fashion when developing on Play than when we were developing on Oracle Commerce or APG tool kits," explains Rodrigue. Startup time for a developer on Play was roughly 7x less than for Walmart Canada's legacy code environment. Using Play reduced development times by 2x to 3x, according to SapientRazorfish lead architect Ankur Mathur.
A shift to commodity cloud-powered compute away from expensive hardware: Because Scala and Play were designed from day one to run in multi-tenant environments on small and ephemeral virtual machines, Walmart Canada was able to move roughly 40% of total compute cycles off of expensive dedicated hardware and onto Walmart's internal virtual infrastructure running cheap commodity x86 servers. This will save Walmart 20% to 50% in web-related infrastructure costs over time.
Easy integration and minimal interruption. Because Scala runs natively on all Java application servers and integrates seamlessly with legacy Java stacks, the SapientRazorfish team was able to gracefully integrate the new architectural components with Oracle ATG and Endeca with no significant disruption.
We saw immediate improvements as the Scala stack came online that translated into faster response times and higher conversion rate. The bottom line – switching to Scala was good for our bottom line.
Read the "Why Retail Giants Are Going Reactive" press release.
SapientRazorfish's heritage of digital pioneering offers their clients a unique advantage in the world of digital transformation across marketing, digital and strategy consulting, and technology services. SapientRazorfish believes that by putting digital at the core of their business, clients not only accelerate the value exchange between their organizations and their customers but can evolve with agility in a fast-changing world.
SapientRazorfish can help clients thrive in this new world because we've been helping to create it for the past 25 years. SapientRazorfish's digital legacy, customer-centric view, and ability to reimagine and quickly realize with agility and learnings-informed strategies offer practical, significant business-critical advantage in these transformative times.
SapientRazorfish is helping companies reimagine and rapidly realize their value and the way they deliver it with radical customer-centricity by offering services IT Modernization, Cloud & Dev Ops, Commerce, Data & Artificial Intelligence, Marketing Transformation, Digital Business Strategy, and Customer Experience. We are spread across 46 Cities, 5 Continents with 1 Vision.


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Q: How to pause flutter video(video_player plugin) when navigating from page to another I'm using flutter video_player(https://pub.dartlang.org/packages/video_player) plugin to play videos. But When I navigate from one page to another in flutter the video is still playing. I'm having the same problem when playing music from any other app(eg: playing music from notification while flutter video is playing). How can I pause it?

A: Edit:
Second option:
So I came up with another solution. VisibilityDetector
is a `Widget' that can wrap any other Widget and notify when the visible area of the widget changed.
VisibilityDetector(
   key: Key("unique key"),
   onVisibilityChanged: (VisibilityInfo info) {
       debugPrint("${info.visibleFraction} of my widget is visible");
       if(info.visibleFraction == 0){
           videoPlayerController.pause();
       }
       else{
           videoPlayerController.play();
       }
   },
   child: VideoPlayer());
)

First Option:
By using the RouteObserver and RouteAware your widget will be informed whenever another screen is pushed on top of it, or it's popped back on top.
First, you need to add a RouteObserver to MaterialApp or your Navigator.
RouteObserver<PageRoute> routeObserver = RouteObserver<PageRoute>();

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      navigatorObservers: [routeObserver], //HERE
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
      ),
      home: MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),
    );
  }
}

Then you must add the RouteAware mixin to your widget, and subscribe it to the RouteObserver.
class VideoPlayerItem extends StatefulWidget {
  final File file;

  VideoPlayerItem(this.file);

  @override
  _VideoPlayerItemState createState() => _VideoPlayerItemState();
}

class _VideoPlayerItemState extends State<VideoPlayerItem> with RouteAware {

  VideoPlayerController _videoPlayerController;

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _videoPlayerController = VideoPlayerController.file(widget.file);
    _videoPlayerController.initialize().then((_) {
      if (mounted) {
        setState(() {});
        _videoPlayerController.play();
      }
    });
  }

  @override
  void didChangeDependencies() {
    routeObserver.subscribe(this, ModalRoute.of(context));//Subscribe it here
    super.didChangeDependencies();
  }

  /// Called when the current route has been popped off.
  @override
  void didPop() {
    print("didPop");
    super.didPop();
  }

  /// Called when the top route has been popped off, and the current route
  /// shows up.
  @override
  void didPopNext() {
    print("didPopNext");
    _videoPlayerController.play();
    super.didPopNext();
  }

  /// Called when the current route has been pushed.
  @override
  void didPush() {
    print("didPush");
    super.didPush();
  }

  /// Called when a new route has been pushed, and the current route is no
  /// longer visible.
  @override
  void didPushNext() {
    print("didPushNext");
    _videoPlayerController.pause();
    super.didPushNext();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return _videoPlayerController?.value?.initialized ?? false
        ? AspectRatio(
            aspectRatio: _videoPlayerController.value.aspectRatio,
            child: VideoPlayer(_videoPlayerController),
          )
        : Container();
  }

  @override
  void dispose() {
    routeObserver.unsubscribe(this); //Don't forget to unsubscribe it!!!!!!
    super.dispose();
    _videoPlayerController.dispose();
  }
}

A: You have - VideoPlayerController _controller;
Before Navigating to other screen -
 _controller.pause();  // add this
Navigator.push(
      context, MaterialPageRoute(builder: (BuildContext context) => NextPage()));

OR
if it's a Stateful widget then you can override - dispose() method.
@override
  void dispose() {
   super.dispose();
   _controller.pause();
  }

A: Simple and its work for me, I get this from chewie example code: https://pub.dev/packages/chewie/example
Just on the onTap/onPressed use setState and in this setState make videoController.pause or dispose, whatever you want.
 onTap:() {
        setState(() {
          widget.videoController.pause();
          Navigator.of(context)
              .pushNamed(YOUR-NAVIGATION-PAGE-NAME);
        });
      },

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Home Jaguar New Jaguar E-Type 2014
New Jaguar E-Type 2014
Gerald Ferreira
Jaguar Land Rover Special Operations has unveiled its 'new' Lightweight E-type – hand-built by highly skilled Jaguar craftsmen in a new facility at Browns Lane
The new Lightweight E-type is the first recreation to come from Jaguar Heritage, which operates within the Jaguar Land Rover Special Operations division
Just six customer Lightweight E-types will be built – each assigned one of the remaining chassis numbers originally allocated in 1963 to the intended 18-car 'Special GT E-type' project, of which just 12 were built
The new Jaguar Heritage customer workshop facility at Browns Lane is now open to offer Jaguar warrantied servicing and restoration of classic Jaguar models
In recreating the Lightweight, Jaguar Heritage has drawn on Jaguar's unique engineering and design resources, including the company's world-leading aluminium body technology
The specification includes an aluminium bodyshell with doors, trunklid, hardtop and bonnet also in aluminium, and is assembled to exacting standards
The six-cylinder XK engine mirrors the original power units, with an aluminium block, 'wide angle' aluminium cylinder head and dry sump lubrication
The cars will be sold as period competition vehicles and all will be suitable for FIA homologation for historic motorsport purposes
Only 12 of the original Lightweight E-types were built, all but one leaving Jaguar's Browns Lane competitions department in 1963 (the last car was delivered in 1964)
A prototype Lightweight – 'Car Zero' – has been completed and, on 14 August, will be revealed at the opening reception to the Pebble Beach Automotive weekend, the world's most prestigious classic car event
"Special Operations' remit is to indulge our most discerning and enthusiastic customers' passion for our cars – including those from our past. This is why our Jaguar Heritage division exists, and why the new Lightweight E-type is such an incredibly exciting project.
"The E-type is an iconic car, and the Lightweight E-type the most desirable of all. To be able to complete the intended production run of 18, some 50 years after the last Lightweight was completed, was an opportunity we couldn't miss."
John Edwards, Managing Director, Jaguar Land Rover Special Operations
The bodyshell
The core component of the Lightweight E-type is its aluminium bodyshell. This material replaced the steel of the production E-type in the quest to shed weight – some 250lb (114kg) were saved compared with the standard car.
Despite the 50-year gap, the aluminium build of the six new Lightweights gives them an immediate affinity with the current Jaguar range, the F-TYPE and XJ models being built to exacting standards with aluminium bodies for exactly the same reason. In fact, Jaguar is now the world's leading manufacturer of aluminium-bodied cars and the company has unrivalled experience in the relatively new field of applying aluminium technology to volume production cars.
So when tasked with the job of recreating the Lightweight E-type's aluminium body, today's Jaguar engineers could relate at once to what their predecessors had achieved 50 years before. However, despite the enormous advances in technology since the early 1960s, the decision was taken not to incorporate modern materials or fixing methods. While high-strength aluminium alloys and bonded structures would have been invisible, they would not have been true to the original design – and nor would they have conformed to the FIA's homologation requirements for historic racing.
Instead, today's advanced technology was deployed to ensure the highest quality and most faithful rendition of the Lightweight E-type's open two-seater body components. Using state-of-the-art scanning technology, the inner and outer surfaces of a Lightweight bodyshell were digitally mapped.
The resulting massively detailed scan, which recorded dimensions and shape down to a fraction of a millimetre, was then assessed by Jaguar's technicians to validate how the body was assembled back in the 1960s, how consistent the structure was side-to-side, and how it could be engineered today to produce the highest quality result for the Lightweight E-type project.
As this digital capturing process gave Jaguar's engineers complete control over the Lightweight E-type body's 230 individual components, their shapes could then be optimised before the data was sent to the tool room at Jaguar's Whitley engineering centre. Even panels which are unseen within the structure have been faithfully reproduced. To ensure absolute symmetry, one side of the scanned body was used as the datum, this being 'flipped' to produce an identical condition on the opposite side.
Additionally, before being signed-off, the outer 'A-surface' CAD scan was transferred to Jaguar's design department where the surface geometry was finalised. All this work ensured that the tooling from which the majority of the new body parts are produced is as accurate as possible.
Approximately 75 per cent of the panels are made in-house at Whitley, just a few very large pressings being supplied by external specialists using Jaguar-designed tooling. The grades of aluminium used for both the under-structure and surface panels are almost identical in mechanical properties to those used for the original 1963 Lightweight E-types. The body is completed to original Lightweight E-type Chassis no. 12 condition, by which time Jaguar had added some additional strengthening in key areas of the shell. The aluminium body is then completed by the addition of an aluminium bonnet, doors and trunk lid. As with the original cars, an aluminium hard top is standard.
The development of the body-in-white tooling was undertaken by the same department that builds all Jaguar Land Rover prototype vehicles, so the expertise applied to the project was world-class. The build process and assembly procedures were initially proved out on Car Zero; this is effectively an engineering prototype and will not carry one of the six Lightweight chassis numbers.
For the Lightweight E-type project, Jaguar's engineers created a 'grey book' of the type used during the development of new production Jaguars. This internal document sets out the required quality standards in terms of bodyshell fit-and-finish and ensures a consistency of build quality for all six new Lightweight E-types.
A roll-over cage is fitted as standard, and the body includes mounting points for a detachable front extension which is available as an extra. The cars are built in a form suitable for FIA homologation for historic motorsport purposes (see full specification).
The engine and drivetrain
The Lightweight E-type was powered by a highly developed version of Jaguar's straight-six XK engine which, with its chain-driven twin overhead camshafts and aluminium head with hemispherical combustion chambers, remained highly advanced in 1963 even though it had first been seen in the XK 120 as far back as 1948.
It was this engine that had powered the C- and D-types to five Le Mans victories in the 1950s, and the unit developed for the Lightweight E-type is based on the 3,868cc (236 cu in) engine which, in the D-type, had won Le Mans in 1957. A similar big valve 'wide angle' cylinder head is used, but in place of the D-type's cast iron block, Jaguar introduced an aluminium block for the Lightweight E-type which substantially reduced the amount of weight over the front wheels. This also features in the present-day car, with pressed-in steel liners.
Another major feature transferred from the D-type is the dry sump lubrication system. This uses a scavenge pump to collect oil from the sump and return it to a separate oil tank in the underbonnet area. This eliminates oil surge during fast cornering and consequent risk of damage to the engine's bearings, and also allows a greater quantity of oil to be carried.
The compression ratio is 10:1 and today's car is supplied with three 45DCO3 Weber carburettors. These were homologated by Jaguar for the Lightweight E-type in addition to a Lucas mechanical fuel injection system – which is being offered to customers as a cost-option (and which is fitted to Car Zero). The exhaust manifold is a steel fabrication and leads the exhaust gasses into twin pipes which take them through a centre silencer box to the rear of the car, where the exhaust system ends in twin polished tail pipes.
Whether carburettors or fuel injection is specified, brake horsepower is well over 300, and with torque in the region of 280lb ft at 4500 rpm, the car is endowed with rapid acceleration from comparatively low engine revs – a traditional feature of Jaguar racing engines.
A 12 volt negative earth electrical system is used, and the engine benefits from a modern inertia-type starter motor. The water and oil radiators are in aluminium alloy, there is an aluminium expansion tank for the coolant, and the fuel tank is mesh-filled for safety.
The power is transferred to the road via a lightweight, low inertia flywheel, a single-plate clutch and a Jaguar close-ratio, manual four-speed all-synchromesh gearbox as used by the Lightweight E-type in period. A variety of final drive ratios are available, all with the Powr-Lok limited-slip differential, but a 3.31:1 ratio is supplied as standard.
Suspension, steering and brakes
The twin wishbone front suspension and independent wide-based wishbone rear suspension (where the drive-shaft serves as the upper link) are set-up according to period racing practice, with uprated shock absorbers controlling the torsion bar springs (front) and the four coil springs (rear).
The steering is the excellent standard E-type rack-and-pinion, with a traditional wood-rim wheel for the driver. Larger (12.25in) brake discs are fitted at the front, with the rear brakes being standard E-type. No servo is fitted.
The 15in diameter wheels are period type in the correct 'perforated' style, and like the originals are cast in magnesium alloy. Rim width is 7in front, 8in rear. Dunlop racing tyres are fitted, 6.00 section front, 6.50 section rear, both in CR65 compound.
The monocoque bodyshell is built at Whitley where it is mated to its tubular engine sub-frame – which is stiffened with gussets as for the original Lightweight – and then shipped to Jaguar's Gaydon facility for painting. From there it is then taken to Jaguar Heritage at Browns Lane where the car is built up with powertrain, suspension, brakes, steering, electrical items, instrument panel and soft trim.
This process takes place in a dedicated area close to where the original Lightweight E-types were assembled in 1963/64, and the work is undertaken by highly skilled technicians used to assembling extremely complex JLR prototypes.
It is at this stage that personal consultation with the customer dictates the final specification for each individual car – no two of which are expected to be identical.
Car Zero underwent a 15-day shake-down period at Jaguar Land Rover's test facility at Gaydon to prove out the car's dynamics and establish optimum suspension settings. This involved Mike Cross, Jaguar's Chief Engineer, Vehicle Integrity. Jaguar's engineers even established a 'design verification plan' for the car, just as they would do for an entirely new model. Each of the six new Lightweights will go through shake-down tests to ensure that they meet the required standards in terms of braking, handling and steering.
"In our contemporary Jaguar sports cars our aim is always to achieve an immediacy of response to all driver inputs – and the goal with Lightweight E-type was the same. For me, its response to steering, brake and throttle inputs – along with the terrific noise it creates – is what makes it such an engaging machine from the driver's seat."
Mike Cross, Chief Engineer, Vehicle Integrity, Jaguar
Jaguar's Advanced Design Studio has been involved in the project from an early stage, charged with arriving at the appropriate level of trim for the new car, together with selecting the materials used and the nature and colour of finishes.
"With the Lightweight E-type, our focus as a design team has been to ensure justice was done to the original work of Sir William Lyons and Malcolm Sayer. Meticulous attention to detail has been everything to us in re-creating this car, just as it is in our contemporary Jaguars. I believe the result is a new Lightweight E-type that is as stunning now as the originals would have been when they were new."
Ian Callum, Director of Design, Jaguar
Connolly leather is used, supplied by Jonathan Connolly with hides produced to the same specification as those used by Jaguar in the 1960s. This leather is used to trim the competition-type aluminium bucket seat base. The centre console covering is also leather, and there is a choice of seven trim colours.
As befits a thoroughbred GT car where weight saving in all areas is demanded, interior trim is minimal. However, the customer can opt for a more fully-trimmed car and the Jaguar team can devise bespoke trim packages. This may include door cards, headliner for the hardtop, removable custom saddle-leather floor mats, and a cover for the transmission tunnel.
Much of Car Zero's interior – floorpan, sills, rear areas – have intentionally been left unpainted, to emphasise the car's aluminium bodywork.
The studio has also selected a palette of six 'heritage' paint colours recommended for the exterior: Carmine red, opalescent grey metallic, silver metallic, opalescent blue metallic, British racing green, Old English white. However, various colour and trim alternatives are available, as each car is built to the personal specification of each individual customer, who can discuss options with Jaguar's Director of Design, Ian Callum, in person.
In celebration of the new Lightweight E-types, Jaguar has also furthered its relationship with the Bremont Watch Company. Bremont will create six bespoke
'E-type' watches, each of which will be offered to customers of the six new Lightweight E-types. To read the full Jaguar and Bremont release, see: media.jaguar.com
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A Second Chance for Side Show
Doug Strassler | November 11, 2014
The 1997 musical Side Show told the true tale of Daisy and Violet Hilton, conjoined twins who enjoyed a twisted run in the spotlight when they joined a circus act during the 1920s and 1930s.
Despite their success, though — which included performing with Bob Hope and appearing in Tod Browning's 1932 classic film Freaks — the sisters longed for more personal fulfillment and romantic relationships made difficult by their affliction.
Side Show made quite a splash during its original run. It received four Tony nominations, making history in the process by earning a dual nomination for co-leads Alice Ripley and Emily Skinner, the original Violet and Daisy (these roles are currently played by Erin Davie and Emily Padgett). In the intervening years, the musical has become a part of Broadway lore. Passionate followers have kept this tale — and its beautiful score, courtesy of Henry Krieger and Bill Russell — alive, performing numbers in cabaret halls and audition rooms alike.
And now the timing seems to be right for Side Show to get a second chance at life. After out-of-town runs at the Old Globe Theatre and the Kennedy Center, the show is about to enjoy its first revival when it opens at the St. James Theatre on Monday, November 17. Bill Condon, Oscar-winning screenwriter of Gods and Monsters and director of the film version of Dreamgirls, makes his Broadway debut at the helm.
Russell, also the show's book writer, is quick to emphasize how well this new rendition fits in with the cultural tide. "Not only is there a whole 'freak show' element in the zeitgeist, with American Horror Story and Bradley Cooper doing The Elephant Man, but I also think the culture has progressed so much from where it was 17 years ago," he explains.
Condon has worked with Krieger and Russell to drastically update this Side Show, melding glamor with the grotesque. "Bill had a very specific vision for bringing it back to Broadway," Russell explains. "Audiences are so much more adventurous and open to exploring this kind of subject matter than they were in 1997. And also, there has been a huge wave of wildly successful stories with female protagonists and sisters as the central characters." Surgical updates on the show include a first-act flashback sequence to the Hiltons' childhood and an effort to strengthen the male characters in the show as well. "We focused a lot on making the story stronger," says Russell. "There isn't a syllable or note in the show that hasn't been completely reexamined."
Other changes have been made to shine a greater light on some of the other performers on the periphery of Daisy and Violet's world. This includes incorporating Browning himself as a character, and also paying greater detail to some of the other "freaks" seen onstage, who both amplify the alienation felt by the Hilton sisters and also strike a chord with a larger sensibility in today's society.
In accordance with Condon's aim for realism, many of the freaks are based on real members of the freak show. Dog Boy, played by Javier Ignacio, is based on a real attraction named Jojo the Dog Boy; Living Venus De Milo (Lauren Elder) was inspired by an armless circus attraction. However, all of the freak-show members — who also include Female and Male Cossack (Jordanna James and Josh Walker), Half Man/Half Woman (Kelvin Moon Loh), Lizard Man (Don Richard), Geek (Matthew Patrick Davis), the Bearded Lady (Blair Ross), and Fortune Teller (Charity Angel Dawson) — can claim historical verisimilitude. "We didn't make any one up," Russell says. "If they aren't directly based on a historical figure, they at least resemble one."
Condon employed the expertise of makeup specialists Dave and Lou Elsey, Academy Award winners for The Wolfman who also recently worked with the director to age Ian McKellen to a 93-year-old Sherlock Holmes in the upcoming Mr. Holmes. "The original production was minimal and abstract; they are much more realistic and fully realized in this production," Russell says.
Side Show's decorated creative staff performed a thorough reconnaissance mission, utilizing multiple media sources to resurrect this era. "There was a tremendous amount of research done on sideshows and carneys of the period, late 1920s and 1930s," explains Paul Tazewell, the show's Tony-nominated costume designer (In the Heights, Memphis). "The photos of people of the Dust Bowl and other character-filled photos of street scenes were a great influence for me to follow. There is an abundance of images of amazing characters within the world of sideshows that I was inspired by and that influenced how I interpreted what Bill was asking for."
Makeup artist Cookie Jordan (After Midnight, The Pee-Wee Herman Show) also consulted similar sources from the past. "Since the freaks are based on real-life people, it was very easy to get photos and find out about their lives," she says, adding that she examined photos of other carnival workers during the Depression era. She also confirmed that the two freaks who take the longest in the makeup chair are Human Pin Cushion (Barrett Martin) and the Tattoo Girl (Hannah Shankman), at 30 minutes each.
Despite the hard work involved in telling such a serious story, the cast and crew of Side Show still managed to have some fun. Both Jordan and Tazewell joke that the behind-the-scenes prep work required to bring the freaks to life is entertaining on its own. "Watching them get ready with the assistance of makeup artists, wig crew, and wardrobe people," Tazewell adds, "it is its own kind of freak show!"
Buy tickets for Side Show on Broadway.
Photo by Joan Marcus.
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text:
2017 NCAA Women's Tourney Preview
The bracket for this year's NCAA women's tournament was announced Sunday night and play begins Thursday. One aspect of the draw raising some eyebrows is the No. 4 national seed for Kentucky (behind Penn State, Florida, and Stanford). The Wildcats went 17-1 in the SEC, splitting two matches with Florida, and 26-3 overall (match-by-match log). UK's two nonconference losses were to Creighton (9th seed in the NCAA field) and Kansas, whereas the Wildcats' best nonconference wins were over USC (10th seed) and Utah (11th seed).
Using my Conference-Adjusted Combined Offensive-Defensive (CACOD) rating system (described here), I peg Kentucky as having the 13th-best chance to win the national title. The chart below (which you can click on to enlarge) shows the CACOD rating (under "adjratio") for each of the 16 seeded teams. A team's own hitting percentage during the season is one of the major components of the CACOD and the Wildcats' (.321) was one of the best i…