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Interested in running for trustee? Nominations are now being accepted for the fall 2021 trustee election. Click here to learn more.
Prairie Mennonite
Prairie Rose
School Division No. 8
For RMAP Students
October 6, 2020 Public Meeting Highlights |
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October 6, 2020 Public Meeting Highlights
Due to COVID-19 restrictions, the October 6, 2020 public board meeting was held virtually.
The agenda for the meeting can be found here: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1I3nHosPNJSj5cwXYjjZ71MDUSm5-hoKD/view?usp=sharing
1. Ward Review: The board voted in favour of hosting virtual meetings for their electoral boundary ward review this fall, instead of the previously decided in-person consultations. The ward review is being conducted through a contracted third party to review the population, enrolment and size of each of the eight Prairie Rose wards to determine if they should be changed prior to the next municipal election. More information regarding the ward review process will be sent out to families and constituents later this fall.
2. Badlands Baseball Academy Update: South Central High School Principal Jean Kimber and Badlands Academy Coach Jeff Amos provided an update on the team and the impacts of COVID-19. This year, despite restrictions, the academy has been able to bring in 14 students to the academy which is only slightly lower than previous years. It was shared that Oyen, being a small town, seemed to an attractive option for parents who are concerned about the pandemic. Coach Amos also provided some stats on the team's current season and how they plan to navigate through the pandemic. An overview of the academy's revenues and expenses was also shared. The academy will be focusing on small fundraising ventures this year, in comparison to large events such as the annual gala.
3. Transportation Accountability Report: Director of Transportation Derek Beck provided an annual transportation update to the board. In the 2020-2021 school year, Prairie Rose is operating 83 bus routes that travel 16,212 kilometres each day. A total of 1,918 students ride to school on the bus each day. An overview of ride times for students based on grade was also provided as information. The longest ride time is 110 minutes for high school students, whereas the average ride time across grades is between 35 and 42 minutes. It was noted that while the transportation budget is currently showing a surplus, that will change once final kilometres are calculated for the fall. It was also shared that bus contractors are having a difficult time recruiting both permanent and spare drivers. A letter was sent out to parents informing them that due to COVID isolation restrictions and driver shortages, it may be likely that a bus will not run for several days.
4. Human Resources Accountability Report: Assistant Superintendent Kal Koch provided an HR report to the board for information. It was noted that due to enrolment fluctuation (COVID impact) and the addition of an at-home learning program, a handful of staff were transferred and hired to accommodate the various learning models. Across the division for the 2020-2021 year, there are a total of 463 staff employed by the division. Of that number 232 are certified staff (teachers and principals) and 231 are support staff (EA's, secretaries, librarian, support workers, central office, maintenance, etc.). Of the total division budget, $37,860,812 is dedicated to salaries and benefit costs. It was also shared that although class sizes have decreased due to COVID-19, school staffing was not reduced for the 2020-2021 year. Substitute costs are expected to come in much higher than previous years due to COVID isolation requirements.
5. Financial Accountability Report: Assistant Secretary Candice Hintz provided the year end financial summary for the 2019-2020 school year. Overall, it was shared that the division's projected deficit for the year is expected to come in $602,800 below the previously projected $1.3 million. Reasons for the lower than expected spending includes reduced salary and benefit and building and maintenance costs due to the closure of school facilities in the spring.
6. Division PD Day Feedback: Deputy Superintendent Reagan Weeks provided a summary of the fall division-wide teacher PD day that took place completely online to accommodate COVID restrictions. The event featured guest speaker Ron Berger who is a highly sought-after academic from Harvard University who spoke directly about student engaged assessment for deeper learning. Overall, staff provided positive feedback about the event and the learning that took place that day.
7. Enrolment Update: Secretary Treasurer Ryan Boser provided a 2020-2021 enrolment update to the board for information. Due to COVID-19, it was challenging to get a clear understanding of the full impact on the division. Prior to the pandemic, the division was anticipating an enrolment increase of 66 students due to the growth of the CSSHL hockey programs at Eagle Butte High School. However, based on September 30th counts, that number has come in 80.7 below projections. It was noted that 14.2 of those students are enrolled in a new Prairie Rose homeschooling program. In total, 3,088.5 students are enrolled in with Prairie Rose schools with 107 students choosing the at-home learning from home option. At-home learning students may choose to come back into their regular school at any time during the school year.
8. Trustee Resignation: Trustees officially accepted the registration of Redcliff trustee Arnold Frank. Trustees agreed that as municipal elections are one year away, no by-election will be held to fill the vacant position. The announcement can be found here: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OJwBIZhqbgw1EBDC8EGZhPM6sMA1qusv/view?usp=sharing.
9. Adding the Word Public: Trustees will be asking their parent council groups what they think about adding the word public to the Prairie Rose School Division name. Trustees will share feedback at the next board meeting.
Redcliff Schools:
IF Cox School
Margaret Wooding School
Parkside Jr. High School
Eagle Butte High School
1970 19th Ave SE Medicine Hat, AB T1A 3X1
Phone: 403-526-3426 Email: SecretaryPMAS@prrd8.ca
© 2018 Prairie Rose School Division No. 8
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Dr. Sreedhar Babu Talluru is currently working as the Professor in the Dept. of Civil Engineering at VVIT Guntur. He holds a Ph.D. in Structural Engineering with ME (Earthquake Eng.) and BE (Civil Eng.) degrees. He has served as an educator for more than 25 years.
He has published 9 technical research papers in various national and international journals; he has also attended and participated in various seminars and conferences at international level. He is a life member of Indian Society for Technical Education, Indian Society for Earthquake Technology and Indian Geotechnical Society. He is Fellow Member in Institute of Engineers India.
I have been an educator for over 29 years and the journey has been an absolute bliss.It is most rewarding when we are able to ignite curiosity and growth in our students and make a real difference in their lives and see them grow and nurture into bright individuals."Teachers, I believe, are the most responsible and important members of society because their professional efforts affect the fate of the earth." to quote Helen Caldicott. Teachers are indeed the sculptors of tomorrow.
It is important to identify the underachievers. Generally, the reason for underperforming is either difficulties in understanding concepts,lack of motivation or a problem on personal front.It is the job of an educator- as a counsellor- to understand a student's situation and act accordingly in his best interests.
From our end, we conduct additional classes if the student lacks clarity in concepts and is evaluated regularly. This not only helps in giving personal attention to the students but it also helps to track their progress.
Students here come from varied educational backgrounds and have different needs. Each needs a slightly different approach.As most of them come from humble backgrounds, the pupil are extremely hard working. Some are gifted and are natural achievers while some need a push. So, our ways to impart knowledge are also flexible.
Civil Engineering is an ever challenging discipline. Many aspects of it are explored and many more fields need much more attention. They are sustainable infrastructure, techniques to reduce construction cost & time, impact of climatic change on river basin, urban flood management, groundwater modelling, various mass transportation techniques, green buildings & eco friendly constructions, air pollution in major cities, need of high strength materials, usage and application of Geosynthetics, slope stability to name a few.
I encourage the achievers to explore the subject further in depth at their own pace. On a personal level, I provide them with additional study material and projects that challenge and test their skill thereby broadening their horizon.I encourage them to think out the box and pose intuitive questions.
Teaching can be a demanding profession. There are times when students can seem uninterested in learning and disruptive to the classroom environment. So, trying to keep them focused and interested can pose a challenge to us.
Quality teaching is the use of pedagogical techniques to produce learning outcomes for students. It involves several dimensions, including the effective design of curriculum and course content. Students develop the best when they are provided environment in which they can explore the world around them and implement their learning practically.
To ensure the future success of a student, it is imperative to provide a strong start by imparting quality teaching- which is based on sound theoretical foundations and are developmentally appropriate. So we have developed a curriculum which supports our vision of implementation through exploration.
As per my experience, it showed that fostering quality in education is a multi-level endeavour. At an individual level, we try to help our teachers achieve their mission, encouraging them to innovate and to support improvements to student learning and adopt a learner-oriented focus.
We keep our teachings in-tune with the current industry trends and give the students an edge using technology. With this, we also conduct regular workshops, seminars and invite experts from the industry to give out their learnings and experiences to our students and the faculty.
The importance of positive student teacher relationship cannot be undermined. In accordance, I believe communication is the key. As a teacher, you should be available to your students, and your office should have an open-door policy where students are encouraged to walk in if they need to talk about anything.
I also try, when taking a class, to incorporate humour in my lessons. This creates a relaxed atmosphere where students can easily communicate and contribute to the lesson thereby, creating a conducive and healthy learning environment.
As an educator, my mission is always student-centred. I vehemently believe that they should always be focused on bettering the students,that is, you want every activity that occurs in your building to revolve around what is in the best interests of your students.
Our mission is to create socially conscious learners-where students are constantly challenged by teachers as well as their peers. To put it categorically I have a 'Transformational leadership' style.
Instead of brooding over things you cannot do, use every opportunity at your disposal to improve your skill-set, tag it with your youthful vigour and achieve your goals. Be productive and use those skills to be of service to this nation and the society in general.


2018 was a good year for Starling Black Studio. We continued to provide replicas to many new friends and added several new designs. Perhaps the most exciting was when we were requested to provide pieces for permanent display at the Gila Trailhead Museum. Located within the Gila Cliff Dwellings National Park, the museum struggles to find authentic pieces from the MImbres culture. With a desire to share more of these interesting and beautiful pieces, the director reached out to us to provide 3 Mimbres bowls for display. We were honored to be able to contribute to their collection.


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Prince Harry, Meghan Markle welcome baby boy
Tue 7 May 2019
The Duke and Duchess of Sussex, Prince Harry and Meghan Markle, welcomed a baby boy on Monday, the Buckingham Palace said in an announcement. Prince Harry said they were "absolutely thrilled" about the birth and thanked well-wishers for the support they had shown throughout the pregnancy, adding that the mother and son were doing "incredibly well", the BBC reported.
The newborn -- who arrived at 5.26 a.m (local time) -- weighs 7 pounds and 3 ounces. Prince Harry said the royal couple had not yet decided on a name for the boy.
The child is seventh in line to the throne and an eighth great-grandchild for the 93-year-old Queen Elizabeth II.
"It's been the most amazing experience I could ever have possibly imagined. How any woman does what they do is beyond comprehension. But we're both absolutely thrilled," said Prince Harry.
The baby is a fourth grandchild for Prince Charles and a first for Meghan Markle's mother Doria Ragland who is at the royal couple's new residence - Frogmore Cottage - on the Windsor estate, after flying in from her Los Angeles home recently to support her daughter.
Speaking after the birth, Prince Harry said the baby's arrival had been "a little overdue" and that he had planned to make another announcement in a couple of days' time. He added that at some stage soon the child would be presented to the public "so everyone can see the baby".
Prince Harry has an official visit to the Hague scheduled for Thursday when he is due to launch the one-year countdown to the Invictus Games 2020. He had been due to visit Amsterdam on Wednesday but that was cancelled, leading to speculation the birth was overdue. The couple had announced in April that they had "taken a personal decision" to keep the plans around the arrival their baby private.
So, the wait had been a challenge for royal commentators faced with a paucity of facts beyond only that a royal birth was imminent. The couple had made clear there would be no hospital steps photocall with the newborn, as there was with the Duchess of Cambridge and her three children. The baby will be entitled to have dual nationality as the offspring of a British father and American mother. - IANS
Royal baby boy
Katrina Kaif scorches in swimwear on Mexico beach
Are Pooja Batra and Nawab Shah secretly married?
Will take action on those listening to your conversations - Google
Neetu Chandra is face of Patna Pirates kabbadi team

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Also set right on Bourbon Street, this hotel is home to one of the largest and loveliest courtyard swimming pools in the city. (It's an amazing place to relax after zigzagging through all the activity of the French Quarter.) There's also a great in-house Cajun and Creole restaurant, and live music performances every night in the on-property jazz playhouse.


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Barento (Oromo: Bareentoo) is one of the two major subgroups of the Oromo people. They live in the West Hararghe Zone, East Hararghe Zone, Arsi zone, of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia while the other subgroup named Borana Oromo inhabiting Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Addis Ababa, West Shewa Zone, West Welega Zone and Borena Zone of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia.

Demography
Barento are one of the two main moiety of the Oromo people in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries, the Borana Oromo and Barentu Oromo people had differentiated from the confederation. The Barento people thereafter expanded to the eastern regions now called Hararghe, Arsi, Wello, and northeastern Shawa. The Borana people, empowered by their Gadda political and military organization expanded in the other directions, regions now called western Shawa, Welega, Illubabor, Kaffa, Gamu Goffa, Sidamo and in the 16th-century into what is now northern Kenya regions. The Borana and Barento groups are sometimes referred to as two early era moieties of the Oromo people.

Religion
The Barento Oromo people in Arsi, Bale and Hararghe regions abandoned their traditional religions and the Gadaa system of governance in the 19th century, when they were converted to Islam. In eastern regions close to Somalia, about 98.5% of the Barento people now follow Islam.

Some people away from Somalia border, in the Arsi Zone and the Bale Zone follow the traditional Oromo religion which is called Aadha, whose god is Waaq. People who follow Waaqa are often from the Borana Oromo people.

Subgroups

According to Barento there are two groups of Barento clans, the authentic Oromo and assimilated foreigners. The clans labelled Humbana are originally Oromo whereas the Sarri Sidama are non Oromo in origin and consist of various assimilated group including Harari, Somali etc. The Barento consist of the following sections or subgroups, which in turn include many subdivisions:

 The Wollo Oromo, who are the northernmost group, and live predominantly in the Oromia Zone of the Amhara Region
 The Ittu Oromo, who live in the Oromia Region from the Awash River east to a drawn south of Dire Dawa;
 The Karrayyu, who live along the Awash valley in East Shawa as well as West Hararge
 The Aniya Oromo, who live south of the Ittu and west of the Erer River;
 The Afran Qallo which refer to the 4 decedents of Qallo, which are:
Ala Oromo, living west of the city of Harar and the Erer River
Oborra Oromo, living between the Ittu and Ala Oromo
Babille Oromo, living east of the Erer River in the Oromia Region
Dagaa Oromo (Huumee, Nole and Jarso):
 (Huumee - Mana Hiyyoo and Bursuug) who live between Laaftoo and Faafam rivers-the capital is Fuunyaan Biiraa (Gursum);
Nole Oromo who live east of Dire Dawa and north of Harar;
Jarso who live in the northeastern corner of the Oromia Region;
 The Arsi Oromo, who primarily live in the Arsi Zone of the Oromia Region as well as the Bale Zone; and
 The Qallu the one of Ittu tribe, who live between the Awash River Dire Dawa. And Hararghe.
 The Sherifa, who live between the Awash River and Dire Dawa East Hararge Babile Deder Gursum and West Hararge Gelemso

References

Oromo groups

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Summing up the Forum: "Financial Innovation for Nation Development"
A press conference was held devoted to Summing up the Forum: "Financial Innovation for Nation Development" at Media Center on May 26.
"The Issue of Publishing the Personal Data of Voters: Legislative Regulations and Necessary Measures"
The publication of the voters' passport data by the Central Election Commission makes controversy with the legislative regulation: Tatevik Tokhyan, Head of Civil, Social-Economic and Cultural Rights Protection Department of Staff of Human Rights Defender of Armenia, said this during the discussion at Media Center on May 24.
"What Changes will Bring the Newly Formed Council of Elders in Yerevan?"
The Media Center held a debate on May 17, entitled "What Changes will Bring the Newly Formed Council of Elders in Yerevan?" in "A1+" TV Pavilion with online broadcasting.
"Violations of LGBTI People's Rights in Armenia"
A discussion entitled "Violations of LGBTI People's Rights in Armenia" was held at Media Center, devoted to The International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia at Media Center on May 17.
"Assessment of Observers on Elections of Yerevan Council of Elders"
A press conference entitled "Assessment of Observers on Elections of Yerevan Council of Elders" was held at Media Center on May 15.
"YEREVAN COUNCIL OF ELDERS ELECTIONS 2017" SERIES OF DISCUSSIONS
On May 14, Election Day of Yerevan Council of Elders, Media Center hosted a series of discussions, press conferences, and debates from 13:00 to 22:00.
"Fight against Election Bribes or Encouragement?"
A discussion entitled "Fight against Election Bribes or Encouragement?" was held at Media Center on May 12, relating the social support initiative of 15 000 AMD of "Yelq" Alliance.
"The Causes and Consequences of the Closure of OSCE Yerevan Office"
A discussion entitled "The Causes and Consequences of the Closure of OSCE Yerevan Office" was held at Media Center on May 10.
"How will "Nation –Army" Concept Contribute to Increasing the Combat Readiness of the Armed Forces?"
The Media Center held a debate on May 5, entitled "How will "Nation –Army" Concept Contribute to Increasing the Combat Readiness of the Armed Forces?" in "A1+" TV Pavilion with online broadcasting.
"Azerbaijan-Turkey Joint Military Exercises and Their Impact on the Region"
A discussion entitled "Azerbaijan-Turkey Joint Military Exercises and Their Impact on the Region" was held at Media Center.
"Solutions to the Problems of People with Disabilities in Pre-Election Programs"
A discussion entitled Solutions to the Problems of People with Disabilities in Pre-Election Programs" was held at Media Center on May 3.
"Solutions to Urban Problems of Yerevan in Pre-Election Programs"
The Media Center held a debate, entitled "Solutions to Urban Problems of Yerevan in Pre-Election Programs" in "A1+" TV Pavilion with online broadcasting on April 27.
"What Measures have been Taken a Year after April War?"
A press conference entitled "What Measures have been Taken a Year after April War?" was held at Media Center on April 25.
"Amendments Draft on "Law on Freedom of Information": Observations and Assessments"
A discussion entitled "Amendments Draft on "Law on Freedom of Information": Observations and Assessments" was held at Media Center on April 20.
"Summing up the Electoral Process: What to Anticipate from the Newly-Formed Parliament?"
Media Center held a debate, entitled "Summing up the Electoral Process: What to Anticipate from the Newly-Formed Parliament?" in "A1+" TV Pavilion with online broadcasting on April 5.


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Home » Inadvertently Invincible »
Inadvertently Invincible Chapter 38 Clear
Pavilion.
The citizens used to gossip in a pavilion, ordered tea, and a few peanuts. But it was so hard to confirm the validity of gossip.
At that time, a random man walked around inside the pavilion, and then he sat, he took a sip of the tea and slammed the teacup on the table.
That man shouted, "You are gossiping in here, but you missed the most shocking thing in Jiangdu City for more than a decade. I'm afraid you guys won't believe it if you don't see it yourself."
When the man said that, he got everyone's attention.
But after a second everyone back to gossip again and ignored that man.
The man said, "Well, you will miss this important thing if you keep talking."
"Then what is it you want to talk about?" Everyone urged that they wanted to hear what he wanted to talk about.
That man stepped forward and shouted, "This morning, a group of bald heads came to the port, and they confronted Dragon Gang and broke Lang Jun's legs."
Someone interrupted him.
"You think we will buy that? No one dares to make a move on Dragon Gang."
"Yeah, we don't believe it at all."
That man shouted again to explain,
"I'm telling the truth, and I'm not the only witness. If I'm lying to you guys, my ancestor's grave will be split into two."
What he said was true.
And everyone started to believe because he swore on his ancestor's grave.
"Then what's going on? Did those bald heads really do that?"
"Come on, what's going on?"
The crowd started to wonder about what happened.
That man took a sip of tea and said, "I have to say the leader of that bald group is strong."
"Do you know who is the leader of this gang?"
"Hu Tang's master Gao Yixiong is there, but that man didn't fear him at all."
"I think there will be a big war, but I did not expect Gao Yixiong will persuade him."
"That is a rare event in more than a decade."
That man looked so proud. He looked at everyone's expressions in the pavilion.
They were shocked in disbelief.
Suddenly.
Many people have left the pavilion, they wanted to know the truth.
If that was true, it was really a pity.
It was a pity not to see it in person.
At that time, Lin Fan was practicing with his men in the training ground.
Crackling!
Lin Fan's men kept training, and Lin Fan sat there, crashed iron bar into his head.
It was a bit painful, but it was not a big deal. He was used to the pain.
"So, what now?"
He was thinking about what would happen next.
According to the hundreds of films and tv-series, he was afraid that things in the future would not be as easy.
He scratched his head while thinking about something.
He tried to connect the dots; he was afraid that the problems involved were probably related.
Chen Zhong and the black fox demon.
Dr. Sun and the dry well.
Wei Xiong the spy and the Dragon Gang.
Those things might have something to do with Dragon Gang except the Black Fox Demon incident. And many more.
Chen's affairs have not been resolved. It was hard to say that it had nothing to do with Dragon Gang, at least, Hunters hasn't found the clue yet.
Lin Fan's strength has increased dramatically; the sound when the iron was crashing his head changed. Just from the sound, everyone has already realized Lin Fan's head was as hard as a metal.
Lin Fan was thinking of something.
Lin Fan sorted out several cases that were likely to happen.
The first case: Dragon Gang saw Lin Fan as a threat in the future and told another gang to finish Lin Fan.
The second case: Dragon Gang just goes with the flow, only focused on the important matters. They will ignore Lin Fan.
The third case: Dragon Gang didn't do anything. Still, according to the story plot, the boss will always appear last, Lin Fan will only become stronger and stronger by beating Dragon Gang's members and finally defeated the last boss and became the strongest bald-man.
"The third case is so nice for me, isn't it?" Lin Fan pondered for quite a while.
But he was not showing any sign of fear at all.
The preparations will depend on which plot that would happen.
Whichever one they chose, in the end, all he needed to do was just to defeat them.
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Tales from the Frontlines: Business Development
In the world of sales, business development has a reputation as one of the toughest, most emotionally-draining, and demanding jobs. Paradoxically, it's often the job given to the newest and most inexperienced sales reps – often recent college grads who are out to prove themselves by any means necessary.
But what is it really like to work as a Business Development Rep? To find out, we spoke to new reps, established reps and sales managers from a number of companies to get a glimpse into the day-to-day life of BDRs (also known as SDRs). They're working long hours, researching prospects on LinkedIn, overcoming objections, and always trying to stay motivated to make more calls and find new leads. These talented sales professionals shared how they're working hard to grow their businesses, so you can improve your own sales team.
New to the Job
For someone with enough ambition and drive, sales development can be an incredibly rewarding career – but the first few months is often a trial by fire. New reps are sometimes immediately thrown onto the phones and have to rapidly learn the skills necessary to become an effective prospecting rep. Rachael Tiow, Sr. Sales Development Rep at Invoca, has been on the job for less than a year, but has quickly learned that the key to a great prospecting call is exhaustive research into her prospects.
"Knowledge applied is power," she said. "I spend a lot of my time learning about my prospects' industries, their roles, and how they have contributed to their company and industry. You want to use that discovered knowledge for your cold call or email outreach because it signals to them that you have gone above and beyond. Why do you deserve 1 minute of their day? You have to earn that minute."
This is the first job out of college for Elise Shulman-Reed, Business Development Rep for InsightSquared. She's only had a few months working the phones, but said she's calling and talking to entrepreneurs, CEOs and VPs of Sales who really listen to what she has to say.
"It's amazing to have someone who's been in the industry for 20 or 30 years be floored by the insights we provide with our product," she said. "However, I don't expect to out-sell a VP of Sales. A lot of the professionals I'm working with are well versed in Sandler Selling and The Challenger Sale. People will say, 'I know you're pain-funneling me right now. '"
Instead of trying to outsmart the seasoned sales professionals that are in her target market, Shulman-Reed said she is comfortable admitting that she doesn't know everything.
"If someone asks me a question I don't know the answer to, I'll say, I don't know that specific thing, but I can absolutely find out for you," she said. "It puts people at ease. Being honest and open – I've found this super useful. As a new sales rep, I look at my own strengths and weaknesses and think about how to improve moving forward."
The other challenge for new BDRs is a tendency to burn out in the face of rejection from so many prospects. Tiow encouraged new reps to look at every difficulty as a challenge to improve.
"Do not give 'No' the power to bring you down," she insisted. "Let that be the motivation to earn yourself the opportunity to present to the decision maker how your solution is that painkiller to their headache."
Mid-Career Lessons
With more experience comes better selling skills and the ability to think outside the box. Alex Gates, Business Development Manager at TinderBox, has been working in sales development for nearly 5 years, and so he has realized what works, and what doesn't.
"Don't stick to one method of prospecting," he said. "What may work for a few weeks or months may go cold after a while. Always be thinking of new and creative ways to find that one or two contacts that you need to either get that first introduction to a company or for moving a deal through the sales cycle."
He said that he focuses on researching specific verticals to find the right prospects for the business. While he uses sales tools like SalesLoft, Pardot and Yesware, he's also found some creative new ways to qualify prospects.
"My newest sales prospecting technique is looking at a company's job postings," he said. "For us, Salesforce.com and Microsoft Dynamics CRM users are great prospects. So if I see in a job posting that's something they require for applicants to have knowledge of, I can come to an early conclusion that this company could be a great fit for TinderBox."
In addition to getting better at prospecting, experience also brings more confidence. Ross Nibur, Business Development Team Captain at InsightSquared, said that if he could go back and give himself advice as a new BDR, he would tell himself to ask for respect when calling prospects.
"You are not an annoyance," he said. "Your time is valuable. You have nothing to apologize for. One of the worst things a BDR can do on the phone is act like they're subservient to the person they're engaging with – 'I'm so sorry, please can I have 10 mins of your time?' If you act like your time is valuable, they will treat you like a real person. Respect given is respect gained."
Nibur also said new BDRs shouldn't be too upset if they make mistakes. Every rep, including him, has a few horror stories that are now amusing to look back on.
"My third day on the job, I was calling this company and I asked, 'Is Daryl in?' The man who answered said, 'This is his brother Bob. Daryl died yesterday.' Then he burst into hysterical tears. I was so new, I still tried to sell to him. I said, 'So sorry about that, I'm just reaching out to talk about InsightSquared.' The tears kept coming and I apologized for his loss and hung up."
While every rep has crazy stories like this, he said, it's not the end of the world. Everything is a learning experience, and teaches you something else that will help you to improve.
Wisdom in Leadership
For managers who have been in the industry for longer, they've seen changes in technology and seen sales prospecting evolve. Ralph Barsi, Senior Director of Sales Development at Achievers has worked in Sales Development since 1994, both as an individual rep and as a sales leader. He said that he coaches his team to push themselves and achieve new goals every day.
"I tell them to hustle until they no longer have to introduce themselves," he said. "I constantly remind them that success is something you attract by becoming an attractive person. It's a quote from the late motivational leader, Jim Rohn. The more value you add to the marketplace, the more valuable you become. Plain and simple."
He emphasized the importance of sales basics, like leaving brief, concise, compelling voicemails and emails, and knowing how to maintain conversation flow when speaking with prospects to establish rapport. Barsi said his team is especially talented at working together to reach new prospects.
"My team does a lot of power hours, where a number of SDR's will sit at a conference room table for a dedicated hour," he noted. "Each will bring a list of prospects they REALLY want to reach, and they'll make calls with their peers in the room. Once in a while I'll join, too, and make calls with them. Power hours keep everyone's energy level high, expose reps to different styles, and maintain everyone's accountability."
This kind of teamwork will help new reps improve, and can build up the skills reps need to succeed in the industry. That was Barsi's main advice to reps – keep working hard to learn more and more every day.
"Master your craft," Barsi said. "The role you're in right now is the role you need to master. Your future self will need the skills you're developing today. Don't sell that future self short. If you stay ready, you won't have to get ready. As you seize opportunities, opportunities multiply. Be prepared for those opportunities."
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Well, it's been an exciting week bracketed by two incredible conversations that have me thinking a mile a minute.
The short version is I think I finally have a good starting concept for a new Math in Your Feet project, this time for teachers. I already provide teacher workshops but it's clearly time to expand my offerings.
Work has begun in earnest on this project. I'm going to start small(ish) with a book about everything I'm thinking as I teach my young learners, and everything I want to communicate during teacher workshops but never have enough time for. I already have an introduction drafted and a workable outline.
This new project will also include curriculum and DVD content, online courses for educators and an online learning and peer support community for people learning to teach the program.
The materials in this series are for anyone interested in learning and using the Math in Your Feet program with kids in grades K-8 whether during school hours, after-school, summer programs, enrichment, remedial, special education or home education. If you would like to be notified as these materials and courses become available, please let me know. And, if you know of anyone who might also be interested in this kind of work, please pass on this information.
When will it be ready? Great question! Hopefully sooner rather than later and, most likely, in stages. Sign up for infrequent but, in all likelihood, quite thrilling updates.
If you're interested in something new right this very instant go read my brand new article in the Teaching Artist Journal called Making Math and Making Dance: A Closer Look at Integration. It's probably the best writing and thinking I've done to date.
This is big, y'all. I can't wait to see where in the world we can get kids and adults making math and making dance together.


Ceramics To Go: Schools, scouts, daycares, we bring it all to you!
Offer your students a fun keepsake activity without investing in expensive equipment or supplies.
We provide a 45 minute instructional session at your location.
We bring all the necessary supplies. You provide the space and a little water and we do the rest, including clean-up. We take your projects with us to glaze and fire at our studio.
We deliver your finished projects to your location in 7-10 days.
20 or less students per session works best. If you have a larger group, we can provide several sessions in a row or on different days.
A private party room for no additional charge. The room is yours for the duration of your visit.
Bring your ice chest or buy capri-suns and/or water bottles from us for a discounted price.
Supervised craft ($5 - $6) for each child in your private room.
Minimum of 12 children and RSVP required to receive special pricing. Field trip must be on weekday.
Scouts, homeschool groups, sports teams are also eligible for field trip pricing. Birthday parties are not eligible.
One and a-half hour clay workshops clay workshops using all of the methods, slab, coil, pinch for your badge. Projects can vary based on your groups interests. Come back in about a week to paint your pieces at a time convenient for you. Then leave it with us for the final fire. $25. Call us to schedule a time for your troop and we'll do the rest.
Have an auction or fundraising event coming up?
We prefer working with our schools and community to spread the word about Unpluggits instead of spending lots of money on advertising.
We regularly donate play passes to schools, scouts and charities to help them raise money. Or we can can help you with auction projects like popcorn bowls or platters. Check out our pinterest board for ideas.
Call us at (405)340-7584 or e-mail us at play@unpluggits.com and give us the details of your event.


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How to Play Chess
BlogArts and HobbiesChessA Complete Beginners Guide to Playing Chess
01. The Rules of Chess Explained
02. How Chess Pieces Move
03. Capturing Pieces and Getting Checkmate
"The game of chess is not merely an idle amusement. Several very valuable qualities of the mind, useful in the course of human life, are to be acquired or strengthened by it… Life is a kind of chess, in which we have often points to gain, and competitors or adversaries to contend with." -Benjamin Franklin
Learning how to play chess should be at the top of your learning list. Why's that? Chess is not only a fun hobby to play with your friends or by yourself, but it is also a fantastic game for acquiring transferrable skills that can be used in other aspects of life. For instance, through the acquisition of chess, skills such as problem-solving, strategic thinking, patience, creativity, and sportsmanship conduct. Also, it is essential to state that since you play against an opponent, through game matches, you learn how to read your competitor, and you try to put yourself in their shoes and correctly determine how they think and feel.
Who knew that human compassion and the thorough understanding of persons could be acquired through playing chess!
To encourage as many people as possible to learn chess, in today's article, we have provided some of the essential rules of chess and how they can be implemented to win matches and enjoy one of the world's oldest games.
The best Chess tutors available
Meng seng
Jasintraswni
Lavaniya
The Rules of Chess Explained
Setting up a chessboard correctly is the first rule that novice chess players should learn. (Source: Unsplash)
Outlined, organised, and enforced by the FIDE, or the World Chess Federation, the rules of chess are varied, and a beginner must learn the ins and outs of the game to play effectively. The FIDE attempts to protect the rules of chess and ensure that they are kept the same in every country. But what are the specific rules of chess that a person needs to follow carefully? Without further delay, we shall consider the rules of chess in the order that amateur players should learn them.
Setting Up the Board
To play chess correctly, the board must be set up according to the rules. To do so, a player must make sure that the chessboard must be laid out so that both players see the white colour square on the bottom right-hand side. The chess pieces are placed on the first two ranks in the following order:
The eight pawns are placed on the second row,
The two rooks are placed in the corners of the board,
The two knights are placed beside the rooks,
The two bishops go beside the knights,
The queen goes on her matching colour (black or white square),
The king is placed next to the queen on the last remaining court.
The following list shows where each piece is placed and lets beginner chess players know how many pieces there are.
Identifying the Special Rules of Play
Like almost all games, chess has a few rules that might not seem logical initially, but in reality, they were implemented to make the game much more exciting and fun. By knowing the extraordinary powers of play, you enhance your chances of winning important matches. The following are three essential rules that are unique and should be studied in more detail:
Castling,
En Passant,
Pawn Promotion.
End of Game Rules
The final steps of a game are usually completed with a check and checkmate, which we will discuss in further detail in the following subheadings; however, there are some alternative methods to finish a chess match that beginner players might not know. Such as? The following list features a few additional end game rules:
Resigning,
Dead Position,
Draw,
Flag-Fall.
Additional details about each of the previously mentioned aspects can be discovered by clicking this link.
The rules of chess slightly differ depending on if you are playing for fun or professional competitions. (Source: Unsplash)
It is essential to state that the previously mentioned rules are designed for private chess games among friends and family. Chess rules are slightly modified when played at a level of significant competition. For instance, there are slight adjustments to the following rules:
Movement of the pieces,
Touch-move rule,
Timing each match,
Recording moves,
Specific Irregularities,
Conduct Amongst Competitors.
Also, did you notice how we didn't cover the rules of how each chess piece moves, how pieces are captured, and the laws of a checkmate? Well, that's because we're going to consider those rules in-depth with more detail in the following subheadings!
How Chess Pieces Move
A chessboard with its pieces isn't simply a relic to observe. Rather a chessboard begs to be played, and the pieces wish to move across the board to pronounce you victorious against your competitors. There are six types of pieces in the game of chess, and they are the following:
Pawn: there are eight pawns on a chessboard, and they have a numerical value of one,
Bishop: each competitor begins with two bishops, and they possess a value of three points,
Knight: there are two knights and, like the bishop, they have a total value of three points,
Rook: known as a significant chess piece, the rook is worth of total of five points, and there are two at the start of the game,
King: the king needs to be protected throughout the game so that there isn't a checkmate against you; however, the king has no significant numerical value.
Queen: the essential chess piece of them all is the queen; she is worth nine points and must be protected at all times.
Now that we better comprehend each piece's numerical value and quantity on the chessboard, it is essential to state that each piece uniquely moves across the board. Let's take a look!
Moving a Pawn
Pawns are the least powerful, yet they move in strange ways. For instance, a pawn moves forward on the board yet captures other pieces diagonally. On their first move, pawns may move two squares; however, they may only move one square at a time after that.
How to Move a Knight
The knight is original and is the only chess piece that can move over other pieces. Also, knights move ahead two squares in one direction and, after moving their two spaces, they move ahead one more square, kind of like an "L" at a 90-degree angle.
Positioning a Bishop
The bishop can move ahead as many spaces as it pleases, yet there are some exceptions. Such as? The bishop must only move ahead diagonally, and it must only move on the colour of squares it started from.
Moving a Rook
Since there are two rooks, they are best played together to compensate for their weaknesses. Rooks can move ahead forwards, backwards, and sides. Also, as far as the player wishes.
How to Move a King
The king is a critical piece because if it is trapped, it means the game; however, it does not boast any specific movements and can only move ahead one square at a time.
Moving the Queen
The queen can move ahead in any straight direction, forward, sideways, backwards or diagonally. The queen must never move through her pieces, and although she is mighty, she can only place once before waiting until the next turn.
Capturing Pieces and Getting Checkmate
Your goal should be simple from the beginning of the game: to trap the opponent's king. (Source: Unsplash)
Before embarking on the adventure of learning chess, there may be some vocabulary words that are unknown to beginner players. Such as? For instance, the terms capturing, check, and checkmate might seem strange since they aren't used in everyday conversation. The first word that was previously mentioned, "capture", must be learned from the beginning since it is the act of knocking down opponents and taking them off the chessboard. Capturing is done by both opponents and during many different times throughout a match to check closer to the king and trap him to get a checkmate. Also, it is essential to state that to capture, one moves their chess pieces towards their opponent's piece, and they occupy their square. The following are some tips and tricks that greatly help first-time chess players capture their opponent's chess pieces more effectively:
Knowing the Rules of the Game: to become better at capturing and at chess in its entirety, you must know the rules that allow players to capture their opponents' pieces. A thorough understanding of how to catch other's pieces in chess can be learnt by reading books, watching Youtube videos, and looking at blog posts that touch on the subject.
Practising Regularly: to become better at chess, you must practice regularly. In the beginning stages of learning, we remarkably suggest taking the time every day to play against yourself, the computer, or a fellow chess enthusiast. By allowing time to hone your chess abilities, you will try out the different ways to capture chess pieces and be better prepared for competitive matches.
Ability to Identify Pieces: by knowing the moves and the numerical value of each chess piece, you will make wiser decisions when capturing a competitor's pieces since you recognise that trading a knight for a bishop is good common sense and that keeping your queen safe is the top priority. It is also essential to state that an intelligent chess player wants to capture as much or more value as their competitor when calculating the worth of pieces.
The previously mentioned pieces of advice are remarkable since they help novice chess players improve their gameplay. However, it is essential to state that to win, one must know how to check and beat with a checkmate. For those who might not know, a check occurs when a competitor attacks the king with one of their pieces. After a check has been initiated, there are three legal moves that a player can do to get out of being checked. Nonetheless, if a competitor cannot move their king out of a check, a checkmate is initiated, and the game is automatically ended. A checkmate marks the end of a chess match for both parties since one is claimed winner and the other a loser. No matter how poorly you might have played throughout the game, your primary objective should be a checkmate since that's how you win the game! It's important to point out that there are various ways to play the game and get a checkmate. Beginners learn strategies about how to get checkmates by practising regularly or by reading informative resources about chess. The following are a few of the many potential checkmates chess players may complete:
Checkmate With Two-Rooks,
Checkmate With King And Queen,
Checkmate With King And One Rook,
Arabian Mate,
Fool's Mate,
Back Rank Mate,
Smothered Mate,
Anastasia's Mate,
Epaulet Mate,
Boden's Mate,
Opera Mate,
Blackburne's Mate,
Morphy's Mate.
As a way of concluding, it's important to mention that becoming a successful chess player is achieved by honing your skills, following the rules, and considerable practice. You don't have to be a genius to excel at chess. Instead, one must possess sincere dedication and time, which all of us have during this pandemic! Find chess tutorial here on Superprof.
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This little salt and pepper set is from the Klima factory. The overall height of the set is approximately 7 cm (about 2.75 inches) and the overall length is approximately 7 cm (about 2.75 inches). It will make an excellent addition to any collection.


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Q: jQuery plugin for inline form validation I m using jQuery plugin for inline form validation in my .NET web application.
With following:

*

*jquery.validationEngine.js

*jquery.validationEngine-en.js

*jquery-1.6.min.js

*validationEngine.jquery.css

*template.css

Now i have two html <select> , one is for minimum value and second is for maximum value.  Values should be check onchange.
How to use custom functions to Validate minimum and maximum values.

A: Untested but according to the reference of the jQuery plugin, you can work with custom functions to validate a field value:
HTML:
<input class="validate[required,funcCall[checkMinMax]]" type="text" ...

JavaScript:
function checkMinMax(field, rules, i, options) {
    var minVal = parseInt($("#sel_min").val(), 10),
        maxVal = parseInt($("#sel_max").val(), 10);
    if(!isNaN(minVal) && !isNaN(maxVal)) {
         if (minVal > maxVal) {
            return 'YOUR MESSAGE TEXT HERE';
         } else if (maxVal < minVal) {
            /* OR use the options with */
            return options.allrules.validate2fields.alertText;
         }
    }
}

It's a long time since I saw the usage of another jQuery validation plugin than jQuery validate, comparing both I suggest you should look into this, because it became more a less the 'standard' way to handle form validation with jQuery, it's well documented and you'll find most of the problems already solved.

A: <select id="sel_max" name="sel_max" style="width:83px" class="validate[required,funcCall[checkMinMax]]" >

jquery.validationEngine.js :
 window.checkMinMax = function(field, rules, i, options) {
        var minVal = parseInt($("#sel_min").val(), 10);
        var maxVal = parseInt($("#sel_max").val(), 10);
        var bothHaveValues = !isNaN(minVal) && !isNaN(maxVal);
        if (bothHaveValues) {
            if (minVal > maxVal) {
                return options.allrules.cmm.alertText2;
            }
            else if (maxVal < minVal) {
                return options.allrules.cmm.alertText;
            }
        }
};

jquery.validationEngine-en.js :
"cmm": {
 "alertText": "* Max value < Min value!",
 "alertText2": "* Min value > Max value!"
  },


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Esoteric vs archaic
Esoteric describes something or someone has being difficult to comprehend, that the number of people who actually understand the concept is limited to a special few. The adverb form is esoterically.
Archaic is a term for things or people that are ancient, and sometimes ancient and not of pertinence anymore. Some synonyms include out-dated or obsolete. The adverb form is archaically.
Note here that each half of the definition can be interchangeable. Archaic items can be old but useful, old and not useful, or just not useful. For the last, it is said with tongue in cheek. The item may be new but already out-dated and so is archaic in its usefulness. And so some items may be esoteric because they are archaic, but not necessarily all the time.
An esoteric explanation: Inside the chrysalis the caterpillar structures are broken down chemically and the adult's new structures are formed. [Christianity Today]
It's not surprising that ASP Koh lapses so easily into the esoteric details of crime and the Penal Code – this is a man who has dreamed of being a policeman since he was a child. [Yahoo Singapore News]
I should esoterically note that milkweed, on its own, is a highly essential and functional part of our flora and fauna landscape. [The Sandpaper]
One of the world's fastest growing airlines with a modern fleet,Qatar airlines has been rocked by reports revealing its shockingly archaic set of rules for female flight attendants. [Pulse Nigeria]
Our current approach to family homelessness stems from archaic beliefs dating back centuries to England's Poor Laws which regarded the poor as lacking moral development or character when in fact they are simply lacking cash. [The New York Times]
Of course, the Seahawks benefited from Packers head coach Mike McCarthy and his rusty, archaically conservative approach that was accurately blasted by Grantland's Bill Barnwell. [Bleacher Report]
Kim Siever says
Esoteric also refers to the exploration of symbolism in religious and philisophical texts and accounts.
Kareem Abdul-Jabaar says
Esoteric was first used in 1966 in the first episode of Star Trek: the original series, as means of expressing the severe expulsion of an atomic mass. Your exploration of this word could not be more innacturate, with the true meaning being found in ones soul.
Martin Pitt-Bradley says
Revise grammar: "…describes something or someone has being difficult…" has >>> as?
Only love, thanks for the post!


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Easy to Operate & Clean: The drinking fountain easy to get it together & started, convenient to operate and clean.
Come with a cotton activated carbon filter, catches hair and debris, remove impurities and odor, keep the water tasting fresh.


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Robert Bellarmine
Robert Bellarmine, S.J.
Bishop, Confessor and Doctor of the Church
17 September 1621(1621-09-17) (aged 78)
Jesuit college of St. Andrew in Rome
Venerated in
Beatified
13 May 1923, Rome by Pope Pius XI
29 June 1930, Rome by Pope Pius XI
Major shrine
Chiesa di Sant'Ignazio, Rome, Italy
17 September; 13 May (General Roman Calendar, 1932–1969)
Bellarmine University; Bellarmine Preparatory School; Fairfield University; Bellarmine College Preparatory; canonists; canon lawyers; catechists; Robert Barron (bishop); catechumens; Archdiocese of Cincinnati,
Bellarmine's coat of arms
Saint Robert Bellarmine, S.J. (Italian: Roberto Francesco Romolo Bellarmino; 4 October 1542 – 17 September 1621) was an Italian Jesuit and a cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was canonized a saint in 1930 and named Doctor of the Church, one of only 36. He was one of the most important figures in the Counter-Reformation.
Bellarmine was a professor of theology and later rector of the Roman College, and in 1602 became Archbishop of Capua. He supported the reform decrees of the Council of Trent. He is also widely remembered for his role in the Giordano Bruno affair, the Galileo affair, and the trial of Friar Fulgenzio Manfredi.[1][better source needed]
2.1 New duties after 1589
2.2 The Galileo case
4.1 Dogmatics
4.2 Venetian Interdict
4.3 Allegiance oath controversy and papal authority
4.4 Devotional works
5 Canonization and final resting place
7.1 Sources
8 Further reading
Bellarmine was born at Montepulciano, the son of noble, albeit impoverished, parents, Vincenzo Bellarmino and his wife Cinzia Cervini, who was the sister of Pope Marcellus II.[2] As a boy he knew Virgil by heart and composed a number of poems in Italian and Latin. One of his hymns, on Mary Magdalene, is included in the Roman Breviary.
He entered the Roman Jesuit novitiate in 1560, remaining in Rome three years. He then went to a Jesuit house at Mondovì, in Piedmont, where he learned Greek. While at Mondovì, he came to the attention of Francesco Adorno, the local Jesuit Provincial Superior, who sent him to the University of Padua.[3]
Bellarmine's systematic studies of theology began at Padua in 1567 and 1568, where his teachers were adherents of Thomism. In 1569 he was sent to finish his studies at the University of Leuven in Flanders. There he was ordained, and obtained a reputation both as a professor and as a preacher. He was the first Jesuit to teach at the university, where the subject of his course was the Summa Theologica of Thomas Aquinas. His residency in Leuven lasted seven years. In poor health, in 1576 he made a journey to Italy. Here he remained, commissioned by Pope Gregory XIII to lecture on polemical theology in the new Roman College, now known as the Pontifical Gregorian University. Later, he would promote the cause of the beatification of Aloysius Gonzaga, who had been a student at the college during Bellarmine's tenure.[2]
New duties after 1589[edit]
Part of a series on the
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Catholicism portal
Until 1589, Bellarmine was occupied as professor of theology. After the murder in that year of Henry III of France, Pope Sixtus V sent Enrico Caetani as legate to Paris[4] to negotiate with the Catholic League of France, and chose Bellarmine to accompany him as theologian.[5] He was in the city during its siege by Henry of Navarre.
The next pope, Clement VIII, said of him, "the Church of God had not his equal in learning".[2] Bellarmine was made rector of the Roman College in 1592, examiner of bishops in 1598, and cardinal in 1599. Immediately after his appointment as Cardinal, Pope Clement made him a Cardinal Inquisitor, in which capacity he served as one of the judges at the trial of Giordano Bruno, and concurred in the decision which condemned Bruno to be burned at the stake as a heretic.[6]
Upon the death of Pope Sixtus V in 1590, the Count of Olivares wrote to King Philip III of Spain, "Bellarmine ... would not do for a Pope, for he is mindful only of the interests of the Church and is unresponsive to the reasons of princes."[7] In 1602 he was made archbishop of Capua. He had written against pluralism and non-residence of bishops within their dioceses. As bishop he put into effect the reforming decrees of the Council of Trent. He received some votes in the 1605 conclaves which elected Pope Leo XI, Pope Paul V, and in 1621 when Pope Gregory XV was elected. but his being a Jesuit stood against him in the judgment of many of the cardinals.[2]
Thomas Hobbes saw Bellarmine in Rome at a service on All Saints Day (1 November) 1614 and, exempting him alone from a general castigation of cardinals, described him as "a little lean old man" who lived "more retired".[8]
The Galileo case[edit]
In 1616, on the orders of Paul V, Bellarmine summoned Galileo, notified him of a forthcoming decree of the Congregation of the Index condemning the Copernican doctrine of the mobility of the Earth and the immobility of the Sun, and ordered him to abandon it.[9] Galileo agreed to do so.[10]
When Galileo later complained of rumours to the effect that he had been forced to abjure and do penance, Bellarmine wrote out a certificate denying the rumors, stating that Galileo had merely been notified of the decree and informed that, as a consequence of it, the Copernican doctrine could not be "defended or held". Unlike the previously mentioned formal injunction (see earlier footnote), this certificate would have allowed Galileo to continue using and teaching the mathematical content of Copernicus's theory as a purely theoretical device for predicting the apparent motions of the planets.[11][12] According to some of his letters, Cardinal Bellarmine believed that a demonstration for heliocentrism could not be found because it would contradict the unanimous consent of the Fathers' scriptural exegesis, to which the Council of Trent, in 1546,[13] defined all Catholics must adhere. In other passages, Bellarmine argued that he did not support the heliocentric model for the lack of evidence of the time ("I will not believe that there is such a demonstration, until it is shown me").
Bellarmine wrote to heliocentrist Paolo Antonio Foscarini in 1615:[14]
The Council [of Trent] prohibits interpreting Scripture against the common consensus of the Holy Fathers; and if Your Paternity wants to read not only the Holy Fathers, but also the modern commentaries on Genesis, the Psalms, Ecclesiastes, and Joshua, you will find all agreeing in the literal interpretation that the sun is in heaven and turns around the earth with great speed, and that the earth is very far from heaven and sits motionless at the center of the world.
I say that if there were a true demonstration that the sun is at the center of the world and the earth in the third heaven, and that the sun does not circle the earth but the earth circles the sun, then one would have to proceed with great care in explaining the Scriptures that appear contrary, and say rather that we do not understand them, than that what is demonstrated is false. But I will not believe that there is such a demonstration, until it is shown me. Nor is it the same to demonstrate that by supposing the sun to be at the center and the earth in heaven one can save the appearances, and to demonstrate that in truth the sun is at the center and the earth in heaven; for I believe the first demonstration may be available, but I have very great doubts about the second, and in case of doubt one must not abandon the Holy Scripture as interpreted by the Holy Fathers.
In 1633, nearly twelve years after Bellarmine's death, Galileo was again called before the Inquisition in this matter. Galileo produced Bellarmine's certificate for his defense at the trial.
In his article on Bellarmine in the Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Ernan McMullin cites Pierre Duhem and Karl Popper as prominent adherents to an "often repeated" view that "in one respect, at least, Bellarmine had shown himself a better scientist than Galileo", insofar as he supposedly denied that a "strict proof" of the Earth's motion could be possible on the grounds that an astronomical theory merely 'saves the appearances' without necessarily revealing what 'really happens.'"[15]McMullin himself emphatically rejects that view as untenable.[16]
Death[edit]
In his old age Bellarmine was bishop of Montepulciano for four years, after which he retired to the Jesuit college of St. Andrew in Rome, where he died on 17 September 1621, aged 78.
16th-century portrait of Bellarmine
Bellarmine's books bear the stamp of their period; the effort for literary elegance (so-called "maraviglia") had given place to a desire to pile up as much material as possible, to embrace the whole field of human knowledge, and incorporate it into theology. His controversial works provoked many replies, and were studied for some decades after his death.[17] At Leuven he made extensive studies in the Church Fathers and scholastic theologians, which gave him the material for his book De scriptoribus ecclesiasticis (Rome, 1613). It was later revised and enlarged by Sirmond, Labbeus, and Casimir Oudin. Bellarmine wrote the preface to the new Sixto-Clementine Vulgate.[2]
Dogmatics[edit]
Main article: Disputationes
From his research grew Disputationes de controversiis christianae fidei (also called Controversiae), first published at Ingolstadt in 1581–1593. This major work was the earliest attempt to systematize the various religious disputes between Catholics and Protestants. Bellarmine calmly and fairly reviewed the issues[7] and devoted eleven years to it while at the Roman College. In August 1590 Pope Sixtus V decided to place the first volume of the Disputationes on the Index because Bellarmine argued in it that the Pope is not the temporal ruler of the whole world and that temporal rulers do not derive their authority to rule from God but from the consent of the governed. However Sixtus died before the revised Index was published, and the next Pope, Urban VII, removed the book from the Index during his brief twelve-day reign.[18]
In 1597 he wrote the Catechism (Dottrina cristiana) in two versions (short and full) which has been translated to 50 languages, becoming one of the greatest bestsellers and the official teaching of the Church in the 17th to 19th centuries.
Venetian Interdict[edit]
Main article: Venetian Interdict
Under Pope Paul V (reigned 1605–1621), a major conflict arose between Venice and the Papacy. Paolo Sarpi, as spokesman for the Republic of Venice, protested against the papal interdict, and reasserted the principles of the Council of Constance and of the Council of Basel, denying the pope's authority in secular matters. Bellarmine wrote three rejoinders to the Venetian theologians, and may have warned Sarpi of an impending murderous attack, when in September 1607, an unfrocked friar and brigand by the name of Rotilio Orlandini planned to kill Sarpi for the sum of 8,000 crowns.[19] Orlandini's plot was discovered, and when he and his accomplices crossed from Papal into Venetian territory they were arrested.[20]
Allegiance oath controversy and papal authority[edit]
Further information: Oath of Allegiance of James I of England
Bellarmine also became involved in controversy with King James I of England. From a point of principle for English Catholics, this debate drew in figures from much of Western Europe.[21] It raised the profile of both protagonists, King James as a champion of his own restricted Calvinist Protestantism, and Bellarmine for Tridentine Catholicism.[22]
Devotional works[edit]
Dottrina cristiana breve, 1752
During his retirement, he wrote several short books intended to help ordinary people in their spiritual life: De ascensione mentis in Deum per scalas rerum creatorum opusculum (The Mind's Ascent to God – 1614) which was translated into English as Jacob's Ladder (1638) without acknowledgement by Henry Isaacson,[23] The Art of Dying Well (1619) (in Latin, English translation under this title by Edward Coffin),[24] and The Seven Words on the Cross.
Canonization and final resting place[edit]
Bellarmine was canonized by Pope Pius XI in 1930; the following year he was declared a Doctor of the Church. His remains, in a cardinal's red robes, are displayed behind glass under a side altar in the Church of Saint Ignatius, the chapel of the Roman College, next to the body of his student, St. Aloysius Gonzaga, as he himself had wished. In the General Roman Calendar Saint Robert Bellarmine's feast day is on 17 September, the day of his death; but some continue to use pre-1969 calendars, in which for 37 years his feast day was on 13 May. The rank assigned to his feast has been "double" (1932–1959), "third-class feast" (1960–1968), and since the 1969 revision "memorial".
Bellarmine University in Louisville, Kentucky, is named after him, as are Bellarmine College Preparatory in San Jose, California, and Bellarmine Preparatory School in Tacoma, Washington. Saint Joseph's University, Fairfield University, and Seattle University all have a Bellarmine Hall dedicated to the saint. The Jesuit Sogang University in Seoul, South Korea, has a Bellarmino Dormitory, named after the saint's Italian name. The Ateneo de Manila University, another Jesuit institution in the Philippines, also has a Bellarmine Hall, which serves as a classroom building and home of the University Press.
St. Robert Bellarmine Church in Bayside Hills, Queens County, New York, of the Diocese of Brooklyn, was the original site of Our Lady of the Roses Shrine where the alleged Marian apparitions to Veronica Lueken occurred. Veronica Lueken's apparitions were condemned as "contrary to the Faith of the Catholic Church" by Bishop Francis Mugavero of the Diocese of Brooklyn.[25]
St. Robert Bellarmine Church in Warrington, Pennsylvania, in the Archdiocese of Philidephia, is also the site of St. Joseph's/St. Robert's School, a K-8 grade private, Roman-Catholic school.
^ Gibbings, Richard (1852). Were "Heretics" Ever Burned Alive at Rome?. London: John Petheram. pp. 44–45.
^ a b c d e Smith, Sydney Fenn (1907). "St. Robert Francis Romulus Bellarmine" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^ Rule, William Harris (1853). "A Jesuit cardinal: Robert Bellarmine". Celebrated Jesuits. 2. London: John Mason. p. 20.
^ Miranda, Salvador. "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church – Biographical Dictionary – Consistory of December 18, 1585". www2.fiu.edu. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
^ Miranda, Salvador. "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church – Biographical Dictionary – Consistory of March 3, 1599". www2.fiu.edu. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
^ Blackwell (1991, pp. 47–48).
^ a b "The Galileo Project | Christianity | Robert Cardinal Bellarmine". galileo.rice.edu. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
^ Martinich, A. P. (1999). Thomas Hobbes: a Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P. p. 34.
^ Blackwell (1991, p. 126).
The Vatican archives contain an unsigned copy of a more strongly worded formal injunction purporting to have been served on Galileo shortly after Bellarmine's admonition, ordering him "not to hold, teach, or defend" the condemned doctrine "in any way whatever, either orally or in writing", and threatening him with imprisonment if he refused to obey.
However, whether this injunction was ever properly served on Galileo is a subject of much scholarly disagreement.(Blackwell, 1991, p. 127–128)
^ Fantoli (2005, p.119). Some scholars have suggested that Galileo's agreement was only obtained after some initial resistance. Otherwise, the formal injunction purporting to have been served on him during his meeting with Bellarmine (see earlier footnote) would have been contrary to the Pope's instructions (Fantoli. 2005, pp.121, 124).
^ Blackwell (1991, p.127). Maurice Finocchiaro's English translations of the purported formal injunction, the decree of the Congregation of the Index and Cardinal Bellarmine's certificate are available on-line.
^ "Fourth Session of the Council of Trent". 8 April 1546.
^ Bellarmine's letter of 12 April 1615 to Foscarini, translated in Finocchiaro, Maurice A. (ed.) (1989). The Galileo Affair: a Documentary History. Berkeley: U. California P. pp. 67–8. ISBN 0520066626. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
^ McMullin, Ernan (2008). "Robert Bellarmine". In Gillispie, Charles (ed.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Scribner & American Council of Learned Societies.
^ McMullin (2008)
^ On Laymen or Secular People; On the Temporal Power of the Pope. Against William Barclay; and On the Primary Duty of the Supreme Pontiff, are included in Bellarmine, On Temporal and Spiritual Authority, Stefania Tutino, trans., Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund, 2012
^ Galileo, Bellarmine and the Bible, Richard J Blackwell, University of Notre Dame Press 1991 p.30
^ The Cambridge Modern History, Volume 4: Fra Paolo Sarpi (Cambridge University Press 1906), p. 671
^ Robertson, Alexander (1893) Fra Paolo Sarpi: the Greatest of the Venetians, London: Sampson, Low, Marston & Co. pp. 114–117
^ W. B. Patterson, James VI and I and the Reunion of Christendom (1997), pp. 76–77.
^ "Bellarmine, Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence". National Catholic Register. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
^ "Iacob's ladder consisting of fifteene degrees or ascents to the knowledge of God by the consideration of his creatures and attributes". quod.lib.umich.edu. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
^ Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Edward Coffin" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^ DECLARATION CONCERNING THE "BAYSIDE MOVEMENT"
Blackwell, Richard J. (1991). Galileo, Bellarmine, and the Bible. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press. ISBN 0-268-01024-2.
Fantoli, Annibale (2005). The Disputed Injunction and its Role in Galileo's Trial. In McMullin (2005, pp.117–149).
Bellarmine, Robert (2016). On the Roman Pontiff: In Five Books. Translated by Ryan Grant. Post Falls, ID: Mediatrix Press. ISBN 9780692705704.
Bellarmine, Robert (1989). Roland J. Teske and John Patrick Donnelly (eds.). Spiritual Writings. New York: Paulist Press. ISBN 0-8091-0389-3. CS1 maint: Uses editors parameter (link)
McMullin, Ernan, ed. (2005). The Church and Galileo. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press. ISBN 0-268-03483-4.
McMullin, Ernan (2008). "Robert Bellarmine". In Gillispie, Charles (ed.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Scribner & American Council of Learned Societies.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bellarmine, Roberto Francesco Romolo, Duc de" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Robert Bellarmineat Wikipedia's sister projects
CERL-Thesaurus on Robert Bellarmin (1542-1621)
Bellarmine, Robert (1614). A Shorte Catechisme of Card.all Bellarmine Illustrated with the Images. On Google Books.
Bellarmine, Robert (n. d.). On the Roman Pontiff. An Extract from St. Robert Bellarmine, De Romano Pontifice, lib. II, cap. 30. Translated by Jim Larraby. With Introductory Remarks by John Lane. Archived from the original on 2018-12-06.
Bellarmine, Robert (1705). Steps of Ascension to God. Second Edition. London: W. Freeman. On Internet Archive.
Bellarmine, Robert (1847). The Art of Dying Well. Translated by John Dalton. London: Richardson and Son. On Internet Archive.
Bellarmine, Robert (1847). The Art of Dying Well. Translated by John Dalton. London: Richardson and Son. PDF File. Archived from the original on 2008-12-18.
Bellarmine, Robert (2008). The Art of Dying Well. Read by Maureen O'Brien. Audiobook. On Internet Archive.
Bellarmine, Robert (n.d.). The Eternal Happiness of the Saints. London: Richardson and Son. On Internet Archive
Bellarmine, Robert (n.d.). The Eternal Happiness of the Saints. London: Richardson and Son. PDF File. Archived from the original on 2015-09-08.
Bellarmine, Robert (n.d.). The Seven Words on the Cross. Archived from the original[permanent dead link] on 2016-03-02.
Butler, Alban (1866). May XIII. St. Robert Bellarmine, Archbishop of Capua and Cardinal, Doctor of the Church, A.D. 1621. In The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints. Dublin: James Duffy. PDF File. Archived from the original on 2011-06-05.
Dulles, Avery (1994). Saint Robert Bellarmine: A Moderate in a Disputatious Age. Archived from the original on 2016-04-18.
Needham, Guil., Battely Jo., Maurice, Hen., imprimatur (1687). The Notes of the Church, as Laid down by Cardinal Bellarmin; Examined and Confuted. London: Printed for Richard Chiswell. On Internet Archive.
Rager, John C. (1930). Catholic Sources and the Declaration of Independence. The Catholic Mind, XXVIII, no. 13. Contains notable quotations by St. Robert Bellarmine and St. Thomas Aquinas in reference to the Declaration of Independence. Archived from the original[permanent dead link] on 2014-07-11.
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Why I protest: Martha Jeffries
September 1, 2017 impolitikal
We're exploring the deep reasons that drive people to protest in support of important social and political issues, and highlighting those that do. Here, Sarah asks filmmaker Martha Jeffries about her personal motivations for hitting the streets, and how she's using her professional skills to highlight issues like climate change and women's rights.
Why do you think the freedom to protest is important?
Protest is crucial to a healthy democracy, and a democracy needs engagement to fully work. Protest has shaped real change – from the 19th century suffrage movement in New Zealand to the 1960s civil rights protests in the USA to the 2011 Arab Spring. People taking to the streets to demand action can get serious results.
Do you protest in support of a particular issue?
Action on climate change is my highest priority. We have to move away from fossil fuels and work towards a sustainable future. And I'll attend every protest I can to demand that from our leaders.
If we don't address climate change all other struggles will be magnified. The US military call climate change a "threat multiplier", which means that it will exacerbate any existing problems – mass immigration, hunger, and conflict will be far more prevalent if we don't make serious changes now, for example. The planet will be a much more hostile place for everyone but this will disproportionately impact people of color, women and those without money.
Read Martha Jeffries on talking climate change through TV
I've also been marching in support of women's rights and science – two things I didn't think I'd have to be protesting for in 2017. For most of my life progress has seemed inevitable. Lately I've realized it's not a given. A fair and just society requires constant maintenance.
How have you been able to use your professional experience and skills to take a stand?
I'm a filmmaker and I often work in science communication. We're in fact-challenged times and there's a huge gap between what scientists know and what the general public hear. My highest priority is communicating the facts, in engaging, honest ways. I also make an effort to mentor young women in my industry. There are still too few female directors and we need to work to turn that around.
On the set of Years of Living Dangerously
I respond to what I see and exploit whatever opportunities I have to contribute. But I do this recognizing that there are protesters all over the world who are making great sacrifices, jeopardizing their own wellbeing or life to fight for a cause.
What motivates you to actively protest, and to support protest movements?
A firm belief that we can do better. We've overcome major challenges before and we can do it again. We have a choice right now. Climate change is the challenge of our time. We still have time to avert the very worst consequences. But we need to demand something different.
Do you feel a solidarity with other resistance movements?
There are many causes I support – Black Lives Matter and the LGBTQ movement among others. But I also think it's important to pick your causes so you can give the energy required to make a difference. Right now I could be attending worthwhile protests every week but sometimes it makes better sense to contribute in other ways.
Are there any examples of protests that have really made an impact on you?
I'll never forget emerging from the cool, quiet darkness of the subway into the heaving streets of Manhattan for the 2014 People's Climate March in NYC. There were nearly half a million people on the street, a far greater turnout than expected. There were indigenous groups, senior citizens, youth movements and families. I got choked up seeing this force of humanity all fighting for the future of our planet. At that point, I knew I had to use whatever skills I had to contribute to the fight.
At a Climate March in Washington DC
What are some key groups you've been involved with, or would recommend people link up with?
I love the work that Earth Guardians are doing inspiring younger generations to demand our leaders protect and preserve our planet. The #PutAPriceOnIt movement is doing an incredible job pushing for a carbon price – one of the real solutions to climate change. And Oceana and Mission Blue are doing crucial work in the ocean advocacy space.
But I encourage people to find the cause that means the most to them personally. Fighting for a great cause can make life more worth living. Find the cause that means the most to you – usually it will be right before you.
Martha Jeffries is a director and producer based in Brooklyn, New York. Find her at www.marthajeffries.com.
Header image by Emily Andrews.
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