Ok here's a showstopper of a recipe that was brought to my attention by my niece, Kristin. It was a Tip Hero video that she posted on my FB page with a comment that said "This needs to happen!" She was absolutely right! This seriously needed to happen, and it will definitely need to happen again! There's a whole lot of "how can this not be good?" about this cake. Besides the whole wow factor, it's rich and creamy and delicious! Add the fact that I already had just about all of the ingredients on hand and this became a no-brainer for what to make for my family at a recent get-together. RAVE reviews from everyone! If you have a special occasion coming up, or maybe you'd like to make this for your special someone, THIS is just the thing! Yes, I know it looks like there are lots of steps and ingredients, but really, there's nothing difficult going on here. (I'm looking at YOU, Terri). Just follow the directions and you'll be good to go! I PROMISE you it'll be worth the extra effort!
Spray a 10-12 cup Bundt pan generously with baking spray with flour. Set aside.
In a large bowl combine the flour, granulated sugar, salt, and baking soda. Whisk until fully blended.
In a small saucepan, combine the water and 6 oz. butter. Place over medium heat and cook until the butter has melted. Add cocoa and espresso powders and whisk until no lumps remain. Add the chocolate chips and continue stirring until completely melted and the sauce is smooth. Remove from heat. Add chocolate sauce to the dry ingredients, then whisk until just combined. Blend in sour cream. Add eggs and vanilla, then mix until fully combined, making sure not to over-mix the batter.
In a medium bowl with a hand mixer, beat cream cheese, granulated sugar, and vanilla until light and fluffy. Add flour and egg and beat until smooth.
Evenly, pour 1 1/2 tbsp. melted butter into the bottom of the prepared Bundt pan. Evenly sprinkle 2 tbsp. brown sugar on top of the melted butter. Place 2 maraschino cherries each into the larger grooves of the Bundt pan.
Pour 3/4 of the prepared cake batter on top of the cherries. With a large spoon, evenly spoon the cheesecake filling into the center of the batter, not allowing it to touch the sides of the pan. Spoon cherry pie filling on top of the cheesecake filling, again not allowing it to touch the sides of the pan. Pour remaining cake batter over the filling. Bake 50 – 60 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean. Cool cake on a rack for 10 minutes, then flip cake out of pan and cool completely.
Not a fan of cherries? Try a different kind of pie filling! How about raspberry or strawberry or even peach? It would all work!
For a little extra cherry kick, you could also add a little of the maraschino cherry juice to the glaze. It'll give it a lovely pink tint too! Another glaze option would be to add a little cherry liqueur instead of the milk. Works for me!
Another option would be to make a ganache to pour over the cake instead of the glaze. Just heat some heavy cream and then pour it over an equal amount of chocolate or white chocolate chips. Lets it sit so the chips melt, then whisk until smooth. Easy!
Btw, if you're out of sour cream, just use buttermilk instead! It's not the best substitute when you're topping a baked potato or nachos, but in baking it works perfectly well!


The Cleveland Museum of Art announced today that 30,000 of its artworks are now in the public domain. Meaning anyone for any reason can now share and use high resolution images of some of the most famous artworks on the planet for free.
"The CMA's Open Access program brings our mission 'for the benefit of all the people forever' into the digital age," CMA director William Griswold said in a statement.
CMA is one of the few museums in the world to offer such openness with its collection. Directly access and download all artwork from the museum right here.
Check out some of our favorite paintings, sculptures and drawings from the museum's collection in this slideshow.
Posted Jan. 23, 2019 & filed under Arts and Culture.


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High pressure sodium outdoor lights are available for rent from us. This lighting provides an effective dusk till dawn source of light for outdoor areas around the home, farm, or business. The lights are connected before the meter and are billed on a flat monthly rate rather than for electrical usage. Please click below for rates and terms of service.


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William Sketoe, Sr. (June 8, 1818 – December 3, 1864) was a Methodist minister from the south Alabama town of Newton, whose lynching there on December 3, 1864 gave birth to one of Alabama's best-known ghost stories.  While locally-told stories of his life usually say that he was hanged on trumped-up charges of desertion from the Confederate Army, other sources show that he was killed for allegedly aiding pro-Union renegades in the area.  Whatever the reason for his murder, a shallow hole dug beneath Sketoe's feet during the hanging (to accommodate his large frame) ultimately led to stories about "the hole that won't stay filled."  According to witnesses, this hole never disappeared—even after being filled numerous times—retaining its original dimensions for the next 125 years.

Sketoe's tale became a staple of Southern folklore, and was later immortalized by Alabama author Kathryn Tucker Windham in her 13 Alabama Ghosts and Jeffrey.  His hanging site remained a local tourist attraction for decades, and continues to attract visitors even though the hole itself recently disappeared due to flooding in the area.  Today the site of Sketoe's lynching lies beneath the Alabama Highway 134 bridge over the Choctawhatchee River, and a monument to Sketoe has been erected nearby.

Life

Early years

While much of Bill Sketoe's story is difficult to reconstruct with certainty, he is known to have resided in Newton, Alabama prior to the Civil War, and to have been lynched there on December 3, 1864.    The main source for his tale is Kathryn Tucker Windham's 13 Alabama Ghosts and Jeffrey, which tells the legend of Sketoe's life and death as it has been related for generations in and around Newton.  However, certain details of this story—such as Sketoe's alleged Confederate war service and the precise reason for his lynching—are subject to controversy based upon other available records.  While the legend attributes his death to an ultimately romantic cause (Sketoe's desire to care for his desperately ill spouse), other accounts hint at far more sinister reasons behind his demise, involving Sketoe's alleged (but never proven) collaboration with Unionist local guerrillas.

According to the legend, Sketoe was born in Madrid, Spain on June 8, 1818, and came to Dale County, Alabama as a boy with his father.  He seemed to be well liked in the community, and chose the ministry as his vocation.  While serving as a circuit rider in the Wiregrass area, Sketoe met and married Sarah Clemmons, with whom he ultimately fathered eight children.  Sketoe allegedly entered the Southern Army during the Civil War, though government archives contain no record of his service in any Confederate unit or local militia.  Sketoe supposedly served until the fall of 1864, when he received word that his wife had fallen ill.  He accordingly resolved to return home until his spouse had recovered—or so the story goes.

Prelude to murder
Regardless of the truth or falsehood behind this or any version of Sketoe's tale, one fact is certain: Sketoe, for whatever reason, ultimately ran afoul of the Newton Home Guard commanded by Joseph Breare—and that led to his murder.

During the Civil War, Dale County had become a lawless place: the circuit court held no sessions during the last two years of the war, while nearby pine forests harbored numerous deserters and Unionists, who frequently emerged to terrorize the locals.  Enraged citizens formed Home Guard units to defend against their depredations; one such outfit was led by Captain Joseph Breare.  Breare was a lawyer in Newton, and was described by his partner's son as "an Englishman" who had moved to Dale County in the 1850s.  He was an Alabama delegate to the Democratic National Convention of 1860, and served as a Lieutenant in Company E, 15th Alabama Infantry, which was recruited in Dale County.  Captured at Gettysburg, he was later exchanged and returned home to serve as commander of the local Home Guard unit.  Breare and his outfit, locally referred to as "Buttermilk Rangers" because they were also in the service of the Confederate conscript department, had resolved to hunt down and punish all deserters; he had already hanged two men for alleged acts of treason.

Two different versions exist as to the cause of Sketoe's death.  The legend (as related by Windham) says that although Sketoe offered papers indicating that he had hired a substitute to serve in his place (according to the story), the Home Guard refused to believe him, and Breare decided to hang him as a deserter.  However, historians have pointed out that the Confederacy had repealed its substitution laws in early 1864, making the legend's assertion that Sketoe had hired a substitute questionable, at best.  Furthermore, as noted above, no records exist of Bill Sketoe having ever served in any Confederate or state military unit to begin with.

An alternative view of the reasons behind Sketoe's lynching is provided by historian David Williams in his book Rich Man's War: Caste, Class, and Confederate Defeat in the Lower Chattahoochee Valley.  Williams indicates that Sketoe was suspected of helping John Ward, the leader of a local band of deserters and pro-Union guerrillas.  Ward had ambushed a Confederate ammunition transport in Dale County two months earlier, killing an officer; one of Breare's men had subsequently been shot during a skirmish with Ward near the current county seat of Ozark.  Breare had tried to hang three local men for alleged collaboration in the attack on the ammunition train, but was prevented from doing so by another Confederate officer due to lack of evidence against them.  Although Sketoe was never formally charged or tried for his own alleged acts of collusion with Ward, and although not one piece of hard evidence was ever publicly produced to corroborate Breare's allegations of treason, the Home Guard commander apparently decided to make Sketoe his third victim, anyway.

Lynching
According to the legend, Sketoe was waylaid on the afternoon of December 3, 1864, as he crossed the wooden bridge over the Choctawhatchee River north of Newton. Breare and his men dragged the preacher into the nearby woods, beating him and forcing him to crawl through the sand while they prepared to kill him. Sketoe was next hauled to a waiting buggy, and a rope was thrown over a post oak limb and put around his neck. A friend of Sketoe's happened by the scene at this time; unable to dissuade the Home Guard from their intended course, he ran to Newton for help. Anxious to get on with the hanging, Breare asked Sketoe if he had any last words; he asked if he might pray. However instead of praying for himself, as his killers expected, he began to pray for them, instead; this so infuriated the militiamen that Breare lashed at the horse hitched to the buggy, leaving Sketoe dangling from the tree limb.

In their haste to carry out Sketoe's summary execution, Breare and his men failed to take their victim's size into account. Sketoe was tall, and his weight bent the limb to the point that his feet touched the ground. One of Breare's men dug a hole beneath the minister's feet, which allowed Sketoe to strangle to death before his friends could return. Sketoe was buried in nearby Mt. Carmel cemetery; his epitaph reads: "gone, but not forgotten".

The city museum in Newton preserves a cloak said to have belonged to Sketoe's wife, Sarah.

According to local histories, every member of Sketoe's lynching party died unnaturally, including Breare, who was struck by a limb from a post oak tree, the same kind from which Sketoe had been hanged.

The hole
Sketoe's lynching created quite a stir in Newton, especially as locals began to notice that the hole dug to facilitate his hanging never seemed to disappear.  It retained its original dimensions as years passed: about thirty inches wide by eight inches deep; even when filled with trash, dirt or debris, locals always returned—sometimes within hours—to find it empty.  Campers claimed to have pitched their tents right over the hole after filling it with dirt, only to awaken the next morning to find it seemingly swept clean.  All of this turned Sketoe's story into a legend, later immortalized in Windham's book, bringing numerous visitors to Newton to see "Sketoe's hole".

At least one local resident insisted on a completely natural explanation for the phenomena: Mary Fleming, who lived in Dale County after the war and saw the hole many times, asserted that Sketoe's friends, including one named Wash Reynolds, secretly kept it clean—all while insisting that some supernatural force was to blame.  Reynolds adamantly denied this, insisting that he knew no more about what was going on at the hole than anyone else.

In 1979, a new highway bridge was constructed over the site of Sketoe's hanging; his hole found itself beneath the new span.  In 1990, after flooding necessitated importation of rip-rap to strengthen the river bank, the cavity was covered with tons of rock.  Although the hole itself is no longer visible, the site remains popular with visitors and researchers of the paranormal.  In 2006, Sketoe family members joined Newton officials in dedicating a monument to their ancestor near the site of his death, which briefly relates details from Windham's account.

See also
Reportedly haunted locations in Alabama

References

Further reading
David Williams, Rich Man's War: Caste, Class and Confederate Defeat in the Lower Chattahoochee Valley. University of Georgia Press, 1999. .
Katheryn Tucker Windham, 13 Alabama Ghosts and Jeffrey.  Strode Publishers, 1969. .

External links
Photographs of Sketoe's hanging site, now under the Alabama State Route 123 bridge
Photographs of the surrounding area, together with the new monument to Sketoe (this page and the next)

1818 births
1864 deaths
19th-century American clergy
1864 murders in the United States
19th-century Methodist ministers
Lynching deaths in Alabama
People murdered in Alabama
History of Alabama
People from Dale County, Alabama
People of Alabama in the American Civil War
American ghosts
American murder victims
Deaths by strangulation in the United States

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Tourism Under Trump: Can Recreation in Appalachia Revive a Struggling Economy?
Mason Adams
It's mid-April, and the New River flows lazily past the town of Thurmond, West Virginia between ridges marked by the mix of leafless brown and electric green that signals the moment just before nature explodes and rafters return.
Looking down from the Concho Rim high above the river, Haynes Mansfield talks about Thurmond's history as a coal hub and resort town in the early 20th century. Today, sections of the historic town are part of the National Park Service-managed New River Gorge National River. Mansfield, marketing director for ACE Adventure Resort, describes the location of the resort's private put-in, on a bend below the town, as well as the put-in for other regional outfitters just above.
On this day, the river looks vacant. But within a few weeks, tourists will start to flow into the West Virginia communities that sit along the river for adventures in whitewater, rock-climbing, mountain-biking and other outdoor pursuits.
"Rafting is still the bulk of our income, but the rafting industry's been in decline since '96," Mansfield said. "For us, it's all about saying what can you do with 1,500 acres in Appalachia to provide different opportunities for people in the outdoors. It's kind of like summer camp for adults."
Along with Adventures on the Gorge, ACE Adventure Resort is one of the two biggest outfitting operations on the New River Gorge. The resort has grown so much since opening in 1987 that it's running out of space to place visitors. It rents out 52 cabins on site, which range from tiny houses to 1,500-square-foot five-bedroom cabins and — during whitewater season — they're booked solid.
In 2015, ACE moved to build a 60-room lodge on the Concho Rim, just feet from where Mansfield stands, but was blocked by the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection due to a lack of wastewater capacity. As a result, the nearby city of Oak Hill annexed the historic mining community of Minden, as well as ACE. The company then launched a $23.6 million wastewater treatment project that will provide capacity for the lodge, as well as remove a number of open pipes that drain into the New River.
Mountain bikes sit outside of ACE Adventure Resort in Fayette County, West Virginia. (Photo: Mason Adams)
For Oak Hill, the annexation represents more than just an infrastructure project and expansion of territory. It's an investment in a growing outdoor recreation sector that took root in the rafting rush of the '80s and '90s, and now has matured into a core part of the community's culture.
"I went out last night with some friends who trained here in the gorge with me in 2001," Mansfield said Monday. "They're married, still live here. She flies with the Air Force, and he runs the outdoor program at WVU Tech. Another friend is a teacher. None of us ever thought we'd stay here. It just gets in your blood."
Throughout Appalachia, many communities are considering a similar shift in focus when it comes to economic development. Outdoor recreation has grown substantially over the last few decades, not just as a way to bring visitors but also as a talent magnet. In doing so, advocates of the slippery, sometimes elusive concept of "economic diversification" are trying to change the community narratives in towns that have seen longtime legacy industries decline or even depart.
Each of these communities faces a different combination of assets and challenges, and so the formula varies place to place. Ask around for an example of a place where this has worked, and many people point to Roanoke, Virginia.
Roanoke, which sits in the Great Appalachian Valley at the junction of the Wilderness Road and Great Wagon Road, took off in the 1880s when Norfolk & Western built its headquarters there. The city rose and fell on the railroad's fortunes through the 1900s, but the last few decades have seen a decline as the railroad shifted its offices to Norfolk and Atlanta, culminating in 2015 when it closed its last administrative offices in town.
By then, however, Roanoke had significantly shifted its model of economic development, pursuing outdoor, tech and science-based initiatives including the Blue Ridge Marathon, the GO Outside Festival, a broadband authority and an extensive partnership between Carilion Clinic and Virginia Tech that created a new medical school and research institute. In 2016—one year after Norfolk Southern closed up shop—the Roanoke Valley landed production breweries by Deschutes Brewery and Ballast Point Brewing and Spirits, as well Italian auto-parts manufacturer Eldor. Coming in quick succession, those economic development wins became a rallying point and completed Roanoke's transformation from a gritty railroad city to a hip mountain beer town.
"We don't do tourism in the traditional sense, although there is a tourism byproduct," said Pete Eshelman, director of outdoor branding for the Roanoke Regional Partnership, the region's economic development group. "We're focused on improving our community for the residents, and then making it that place where people want to be from a worker or talent standpoint. The offset is that's where people want to go visit. Either way we've created a community with vitality, where people want to be."
Other communities have taken note of how Roanoke and its sister city in North Carolina, Asheville, have used outdoor assets to build an economic development strategy that brings jobs that pay livable wages, not just seasonal service gigs. The approach varies by community, however.
In Johnstown, Pennsylvania, non-profit economic development organization Johnstown Area Regional Industries (JARI) has shifted resources to supporting outdoor-related entrepreneurs, said President and CEO Linda Thomson.
"We believe that this is going to help with this new outdoor mountain town atmosphere," Thomson said. "Now, when a company looks at our region, say they want to open a recreational business or something that supports that industry, we provide financing and technical assistance. We're really handholding a lot of small companies today. It's a deliberate step at being more supportive of homegrown small business and being more tuned in to the service sector."
'We're seeing boomerangs'
The community narrative hasn't always kept up with that forward movement, however. When the metallurgical coal market spiked several years ago, JARI found itself recruiting workers to fill 1,000 job openings in the mines. Thomson explained that some residents still hope to return to the city's glory days as a coal-mining, steel-making industrial hub. As a candidate last year, Donald Trump's pledged to revive both coal and steel as major employers. Such promises won him the support many Appalachian voters.
"We're seeing people whose fathers worked in the steel mill saying, bring back that economy, and we won't be satisfied if it doesn't come back," Thomson said. "But most people are very excited about living and working here. We're seeing boomerangs—people who grew up here who are now coming back. There are amazing opportunities for communities like Johnstown to thrive in this new economy."
Skip Glenn, a professor of marketing and entrepreneurship at the University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown, believes the election of Donald Trump in November may make those legacy issues more challenging.
"The steel collapse created a generation that felt betrayed," Glenn said. "I hear that in people's voices and stories here. With the arrival of Trump in office, they're expecting coal and the industry to come back and save the region. It's not going to happen."
The Historic Fayette Theater sits along South Court Street in Fayetteville, West Virginia. (Photo: Mason Adams)
In Fayette County, West Virginia, a handful of surface and underground coal mines still operate, and many cultural indicators still point squarely at the legacy coal industry. King Coal Chevrolet billboards are everywhere, and the remnants of historic mining towns remain in places like Thurmond.
As with Johnstown and Roanoke, however, economic development organizations have shifted their focus. The New River Gorge Regional Development Authority, which serves Fayette, Nicholas, Raleigh and Summers counties, is putting lots of energy into boosting homegrown entrepreneurs. That includes small-scale farmers, as the organization works to build up the local food economy. It also spun off Active Southern West Virginia, a nonprofit that seeks to get more residents active and healthy—with the intended benefit of making the region's workforce more attractive to prospective employers.
"We're hoping, as many other rural places have, by focusing on entrepreneurship, those small businesses will happen in a grassroots kind of way," said Lillian Graning, chief communications officer for the NRGRDA."
As with Johnstown and Roanoke, changing the conversation and self-image of southern West Virginia is part of the challenge.
"We can be our own worst enemy as far as an inferiority complex, but just in the time I've been here the conversation has become more pragmatic and less emotionally charged," said Graning. "We have been able to get away from the 'diversification = anti coal' idea into a larger pie model. We're not taking anything away from somebody and giving it to somebody else; we're growing the economy. We're diversifying and building more businesses."
But while the conversation is shifting, other challenges remain and the new administration may be adding some new ones. Trump's so-called "lean budget" severely cuts federal programs that aid in regional economic development, slashing Appalachian Regional Commission, the Economic Development Administration and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's infrastructure budget, all of which provide key funding for programs and infrastructure. Congressional leaders have said they'll preserve these programs, but even partial cuts could set back economic development efforts in Appalachia.
Then there are the challenges inherent to Appalachia's climate. The outdoor economy still operates largely on a seasonal basis. In the New River Gorge, rafting season runs from April through October, with mountain biking and rock climbing providing a buffer "shoulder season" on each end. The outdoor industry provides mostly service jobs and full-timers often work as guides during the rafting season, then head to ski towns during the winter months.
Kenny Parker, co-owner of Fayetteville retailer Waterstone Outdoors, said his business has grown slowly but steadily since it was founded in the mid-'90s. He's seen the rise of a local outdoors culture that plays in the gorge but flocks to local restaurants afterward. Parker sees more potential, but also missed opportunities, such as a friend in computer programming who moved to Fayetteville for several years ago but recently left.
Adventure as the fabric of community
Kelly Jo Drey, who works in county offices practically next door to Waterstone, is among those trying to make a difference. Drey is the Fayette County resource coordinator, but also is training to become a guide for Adventures on the Gorge this season. She's developing a proposal to turn an 84-acre property into a farm incubator, as well as considering how to revitalize empty downtown storefronts in Mount Hope, a nearby city hit hard by floods in 2010 that's also the target of an Active Southern West Virginia trail project. Drey also oversees Wolf Creek Park, a 1,000-acre county industrial park that was launched in 2006 as a live/work/play/learn mixed-use development.
"We thought to market to the outdoor industry to see if manufacturing might occur here," said Gene Kistler, who sits on Wolf Creek's board and also co-founded Waterstone Outdoors with Parker. "The idea was we've got this great place, with the outdoors at your fingertips, and technology allows you to work from anywhere."
The park's momentum was damaged by the recession of 2008 that ravaged the global economy, but the property still remains the county's focal point for leveraging its outdoor assets into well-paying jobs. As of April, it's home to craft brewery Bridge Brew Works, tunneling equipment maker Robbins Company, the county's E-911 center, a WVDEP office and several single-family homes.
Drey walks along a series of boardwalks across a wetland at the park, describing how the structure was envisioned as a place for children to learn and residents to meditate, bird watch or just take a few minutes out of their day. As if on cue, a pair of red-breasted mergansers flush from the underbrush and take to the sky.
Drey believes draw of the gorge and other assets goes well beyond tourists: Outdoors culture is baked into the community.
"Certainly there are plenty of tourists that come here to spend time in the gorge and sample what we have to offer, but there are also a lot of people who come and live here year-round," Drey said. "There are a lot of adventure athletes who make their lives here. That adventurous spirit is an important part of the fabric of the community."
Further into the park, however, the long-term vision for Wolf Creek runs into reality, as the road abruptly ends at a graded 6-acre pad that sits vacant. There's more land to be cleared and graded in the 1,000-acre park, but the county has been using the sale of sites to fund road building, so it's got to sell that cleared pad to obtain the funding for the next phase.
In a way, this spot works as metaphor for the outdoors industry in many Appalachian communities. The region's path forward leads to wildlands and some feeling of the unknown. But with investment, hard work and some good luck, perhaps those outdoors assets can be leveraged into jobs.
A native of the Alleghany Highlands, Mason Adams (@MasonAtoms) has worked as a journalist in the Blue Ridge Mountains since 2001. He lives with his family plus dogs, cats, chickens and dairy goats in Floyd County, Virginia.
To be Able to Connect With Another Human Being…is Sort of an Essential Survival Skill
Hunger Gains: Budget Cuts Imperil Nutritious Food Aid
How to Get Out of the Debt Trap When Banks Won't Help
Ivy Brashear
Photo: Pexels
In many rural areas, a lack of banking options has led to an increase in predatory lending. In eastern Kentucky, a new nonprofit is fighting back.
Erica Knight had been in charge of her own money since she was 16, when she had her first job.
"I was always very independent and very good with trying to manage my own money and do it all on my own," Knight said.
But when she got married in 2017, she realized that she and her husband needed to get their finances in order before they could think about planning for their future. Knight had racked up $20,000 in credit card debt over 10 years, from the time she was 18, just trying to make ends meet. Most of the debt she incurred on credit cards was for everyday expenses, such as gas for her car and groceries.
"A lot of the time, a credit card was the difference between me having food to eat and gas or not," Knight said. "It wasn't irresponsible things I was using it for; it was livelihood."
She was working two jobs—as a bank teller and a waitress—and attending college, all while trying to tackle her debt. But she said it wasn't until she was married and realized her debt was about more than just her, that she understood how deep a hole she was in. She went to her local bank in Hazard, Kentucky, for a debt consolidation loan, but was told the amount she needed was more than they could provide.
That's when she heard about Redbud Financial Alternatives, a nonprofit community development financial institution based in Hazard. The 5-year-old organization was created by the Housing Development Alliance, a local builder of affordable homes, to offer low-interest consumer microloans to people in a four-county area in southeastern Kentucky. The intent is to help them fill the various gaps in their finances that make it difficult for them to pay off their debt and get on a more sustainable path.
"I think a lot of people are making a [financial] decision based on short-term needs and hope they'll figure something out for the long term," said Mae Humiston, the CDFI director for Redbud. "One-time emergencies can have long-lasting impact if they don't have access to affordable credit."
The nation already has a worrisome trend in the "unbanked"—households with no bank accounts and reliant on nontraditional financial sources. But the problem has spread to middle-class households that already have bank accounts and still find themselves having to go outside the banking system. According to a 2017 survey by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., 18.7 percent of people nationwide were "underbanked." In Kentucky, the rate is 19.6 percent.
As more and more middle-income earners try to bridge financial gaps and manage their money, they are at risk of being taken advantage of by offers of high-interest credit cards, payday lenders and other personal finance companies. However, most consumers don't realize the terms they're agreeing to, and they end up stuck in a snowballing cycle of debt because the high-interest charges keep them from paying off their principal balances.
Organizations such as Redbud are attempting to offer alternatives to predatory lenders, to help people get back on track and not end up in dangerous levels of debt. They provide affordable credit to people who in the past may have turned to more exploitative sources.
"The people who pay the most for credit are the people who most can't afford it, and we are condemning them to a lifetime of debt, and we need to think about how to restructure the system so this doesn't need to happen," Humiston said.
She said institutions such as payday lenders, whose business model depends on high credit costs, have primarily been an urban phenomenon, but as rural banks and financial institutions have closed or been bought out in recent years, rural people's assets have eroded and their access to good credit has become limited, and predatory lenders have moved in to fill those gaps.
At the same time, she said, traditional banks have increasingly become spaces for people who already have assets or good credit, and have become less about helping people build assets from nothing.
"We're looking at where the gaps are and how we can [lend] in a way that's fairer to people who don't have access to credit," Humiston said. She said the current financial system is rigid, and doesn't allow for the kind of flexibility her clients—and many others in places targeted by predatory lenders—need to get back on their feet and get out of debt. Redbud offers that flexibility, and it isn't the only institution trying to fill the gaps.
Amy Shir, president and CEO of the nonprofit LHOME in Louisville, Kentucky, said her clients face enormous barriers to financial stability, and most especially because a majority of them are people of color, immigrants and refugees. Louisville is the fourth most segregated city in the country, and LHOME aims to serve communities of color. They've made 56 loans in three years, and all but six of them went to people of color.
LHOME, which stands for Louisville Housing Opportunities and Micro-Enterprise Community Development Loan Fund, became certified as Louisville's only CDFI in June 2018, and now offers an array of loan products that are intended to help community members build assets, including property tax assistance loans, interest-free loans in compliance with Islamic law for Muslim borrowers, and working capital loans to help construction companies owned by women or people of color complete jobs they successfully bid on. The organization also plans to launch a loan product soon to help immigrants and refugees become recertified in the careers they had in their home countries.
Shir said the organization listens to its community and tries to create products that will best serve them.
"It's an enormous privilege to be able to meet people who have been shut out of the system because of too much student loan debt or credit, and to be able meet them where they are and have a dignified transaction and build trust in a community that has been repeatedly preyed upon," Shir said. "They begin to see what's possible and change the narrative about these communities and neighborhoods."
Redbud offers five loan products, with its "credit rescue" loan being its most popular. This loan allows clients to pay off high-interest credit card debt and offers financial counseling so customers can learn to identify the behaviors that led to them accruing so much debt in the first place.
This is the loan Knight accessed through Redbud. She said she found it hard to approach Redbud at first because she didn't want to be labeled as someone who was irresponsible with money. But, she said, the company's staff always treated her with respect and didn't make her feel guilty because of her situation. They taught her about interest rates and the ways in which she needed to pay off her debt to avoid paying more in interest over a longer period of time. These were things she said she had never known before.
Redbud was able to loan Knight $7,500—the most that the organization offers. She consolidated another significant chunk of her debt onto a credit card that charged 0 percent interest for a year so she could pay down her principal. Knight hopes she'll be able to pay down her Redbud loan and then refinance more of her debt with them.
Knight is not alone as a middle-income person who is struggling with significant debt. Humiston said many of Redbud's clients work in steady middle-class jobs and make their payments. They just can't overcome the steep interest rates to make significant progress toward becoming debt-free and building their assets.
Knight wants to help shift the narrative about debt, too, and emphasized that getting into as much debt as she did can happen to anybody. In the past, she's managed other people's debt in the course of three past jobs, but she still got into a hole she couldn't get out of. Redbud helped her find a path forward, and she said other people can be similarly helped if they are ready and willing to take back control of their financial lives.
"Credit cards are not the devil; interest is the devil," Knight said.
She's hopeful now and said she "sees a light at the end of the tunnel." She said she has the tools to keep her on the path to debt freedom.
"In time, if we keep making smarter decisions, and really buckle down, I think we will get to the point where we can consider homeownership or whatever the big next step is," Knight said.
This article was funded in part by a grant from the One Foundation. It was originally published by Yes! Magazine.
Ivy Brashear wrote this article for YES! Magazine. She is the Appalachian Transition coordinator at the Mountain Association for Community Economic Development. She has written for Spotlight on Poverty and Opportunity, Huffington Post and Next City.
Q&A: Founder of 'Transformative Model' of Development Wins National Prize
Tim Marema
Coalfield Development Corp. Founder Brandon Dennison. Photo: Provided
West Virginian Brandon Dennison, founder of Coalfield Development Corp., has received the Heinz Award for Technology, Economy, and Employment. Coalfield Development has combined programs in business development, employment, job training, education and personal development. "No one piece of what we're doing is anything new," says Dennison. "But I think the way we've put it together is fairly creative."
The founder of a social enterprise working on entrenched poverty, job creation, and economic change in southwest West Virginia is the recipient of a national award that comes with a $250,000 cash prize.
Brandon Dennison, the founder of Coalfield Development Corp. in Wayne, West Virginia, has been named this year's recipient of the Heinz Award for Technology, Economy and Employment. The award is one of several given annually by the Heinz Family Foundation. The awards honor the late Senator John Heinz of Pennsylvania.
The Heinz Family Foundation said in its announcement that Coalfield Development Corp. employs a "transformative model of employment-based social enterprise [that] is helping to end generational poverty and create a new, diverse and environmentally sustainable economy for West Virginia."
Coalfield Development serves a largely rural area along West Virginia's border with Kentucky, along with the metropolitan areas of Charleston and Huntington. The nonprofit has created a family of businesses that employ 200 workers.
Dennison has said that Central Appalachia suffers from an over-dependence on the coal industry and that Appalachian values such as self-reliance and creativity can be key ingredients in building an alternative economy.
Last year, Coalfield Development received a $1 million prize from the Communities Thrive Challenge, sponsored by Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan and the Rockefeller Foundation.
I asked Dennison about the Coalfield Development Corp.'s activities and why he thinks the organization is receiving national attention. And, of course, I asked him what he intends to do with the $250,000 prize. The interview is edited for clarity and length.
Tim: You have talked about tapping into Appalachian creativity, gumption, and grit as sort of a bedrock of how to build a new economy in the region. What do you mean by that?
Brandon: Our theory of change is that there have been a lot of do-gooders and philanthropists and government agencies that have been truly well intentioned in Appalachia but have not gained a lot of traction. Because I think it feels like, oftentimes, that it's trying to change this place into something that it's not. There is change that has to happen here in Appalachia, but it should be change that's more on local terms, and change that honors all the things that are really good about this place.
Our approach starts with what's really good about the place and builds from there, rather than emphasizing all the problems, and other than, you know, making Appalachia feel like it's some alien, backwards, messed up, hopeless place.
Tim: Tell me more about what you see as the things that are working, or the things that are good that that can be built on.
Brandon: I think there is a really special creativity here in Appalachia. I think there's a frugalness. I think Appalachian people tend to not be real wasteful, and tend to not really put on airs. We don't need a lot of fancy, expensive stuff to be happy. I think we are, by and large, more in touch with our landscape and our environment than maybe some folks in more urban settings might be. There's an ingenuity, so we're able to think creatively, work with what we have at our disposal, put things together based on what we have and come up with solutions.
Tim: Are you saying that Appalachians have these special characteristics that are different from other parts of the country? I know the statement, "We've mined the coal that fed the industrial revolution and created wealth for others." But other parts of the country have their own stories. In the Midwest they can say "We've grown the food." Detroit could say, "We've given people transportation and mobility at an affordable cost." So, do you see Appalachia as unique in its bedrock culture and what can be built upon? Or is there something going on in Central Appalachia that's more universal?
Brandon: Well, when you talk about those histories and farming — just, in one fell swoop, when the soybean farmers were hurt by the tariffs, the USDA wrote out like a $1 billion subsidy program for farmers affected by that, in one fell swoop, lickety split.
Of course, Appalachia is not unique in being the only region that's contributed to this country's development in really significant ways. But I think we are probably – along with the Mississippi Delta and our Native reservations — unique as being under-invested in by the country. Our country has set up a system that has extracted wealth from Appalachia and other natural resource communities. The wealth has flowed out of here, and what's flowed out of here is much greater than what's flowed back in.
Tim: What are some of the things that you're doing at Coalfield Development that tap the region's creativity and grit?
Brandon: We're creating new businesses, and the businesses are staffed by local people. The businesses are designed to show what a new economy that's not just coal can look like. They're designed to tap into that creative ingenuity and that grit that I really believe is here and that I see is here every day.
So, I think what makes [Coalfield Development] different from other social enterprises is we put people straight to work. We're not just a training program where you get a certificate. We're an employer, and we're an employer of local people. We're betting our whole business model on the ingenuity and the creativity of local people.
Tim: What are some of the different enterprises you've got going there with the participants?
Brandon: We helped start the first solar installation company in southern West Virginia. We have a construction and renovation company, a woodworking company, an agriculture enterprise. And our newest one makes T-shirts out of recycled materials. We have a license with Major League Baseball, which means we can sell shirts with team logos on them. It means that that we are in the gift shops of six Major League Baseball stadiums.
Tim: You get people employed right away, but you're also doing more than that. Tell me what the other things are that you think need to be in place for somebody to be successful in creating and finding their own job.
Brandon: I think that's another piece of our theory of change. In Appalachian economic development circles, there's so much talk about — normally it's the politicians — "We've got to have jobs, we've got to have jobs, jobs, jobs, jobs." And that's true, but it's really an incomplete conversation. Because it's not just joblessness we're dealing with in Central Appalachia, it's poverty. And it's generational poverty. A minimum-wage job is not enough for a person to claw their way out of generational poverty. It really takes a holistic set of support.
So, we always knew that we would be a direct payer of wages, and we would create jobs. That was a key hook. But the community college piece was always really important, because that's a credential that a person can keep with them for the rest of their life that will help them earn more and provide more to the local economy.
And then we layered on the "threes" [element of the program] because we realized that, OK, we got a job, we're advancing education, but there's still all these other challenges that are getting in our way — mental health challenges, physical health challenges, financial debt, transportation problems, childcare problems, addiction issues. Even things like just attitude, like, you know, no sense of optimism. That can shape this sort of an attitude that needs to be kind of coached through. So we decided to carve out three hours every single week to work on deeper life stuff, and to reflect together, and hold ourselves accountable to goals, and life plans. I think that's the most important piece of the whole deal, actually.
I think we had a realization that if you're just training people for entry level jobs, you're almost cementing poverty, and making it permanent, holding people back from their full potential. …
We call someone who's worked with us for two years and earned four professional certifications and finished their associate's degree, we call them a "coalfield champion." And for coalfield champions, we have a 100% success rate for placing them in jobs at or above what they're making with us and launching successful careers. Literally 100%. [Not all the members] achieve champion status. That's more like 70%, about two thirds, give or take.
There's an important takeaway there, too. A lot of times when it comes to economic transition, it's like, "Oh, well we'll just retrain those people, and that's the solution." And that's totally insufficient. We can train people in all kinds of jobs, and they can have all kinds of certificates. But if there aren't healthy, diversified businesses and all those different kinds of jobs, then that certificate's worthless. I think our conversations about job training and retraining need to go a lot deeper.
Tim: And have you been able to locate the different enterprises in different places? Are they all in one spot?
Brandon: To drive from the north end of our service area to the south end, it's three-and-a-half hours. So, we are spread out. It's logistically challenging, but we definitely feel obligated to be a job creator and opportunity provider in those smaller communities.
Tim: In a guest column in Newsweek you talked about some of the public and private entities that are helping in the region. You feel like there's a role for outside or public entities to play in development?
Brandon: Very much so. I think ultimately we'd like to have this thriving private sector economy of locally owned businesses who do trade together, but we're so far from that reality that I don't see any way forward without significant federal support. Now, the way the federal support comes in, the processes are actually really important. I think the federal support should come in with strong local grassroots on-the-ground partners. And then I think foundation support, government support, and certainly your private business support — it's going to take all three sectors to get where we want to go.
Tim: Coalfield Development has received national attention for your work. And now the Heinz Award. What is it in your work that folks are able to say, "Hey, that's something I want to get behind"?
Brandon: I think it's so tangible because we hire people, and we take on these physical spaces. People connect with it because it's just real in that way. … No one piece of what we're doing is anything new. But I think the way we've put it together is fairly creative. There are other on-the-job training programs, there are other community-college programs, there are other life-skills programs, but we've kind of pieced it all together in a holistic, comprehensive way that seems to connect with a lot of different stakeholders.
Tim: The prize comes with a substantial cash award. Do you know how you want to use that money yet?
Brandon: Yeah, I'm working on a plan, but I have some pretty good initial thoughts. The vast majority of it will go to Coalfield Development, and one of the things that I'm going to do is set up a lifelong learning fund. And so, this will be for Coalfield staff and employees to advance their careers, both personally and professionally. So, really just trying to establish a culture in Coalfield that celebrates learning and supports people in Appalachia taking their learning as high and as far as they can.
The other thing I'm going to … but I hesitate to, I don't want to sound overly self-righteous about it. But I'm going to make some donations to some key partners and entities that have helped me get where I am as well, which will be kind of cool, because you know, so many folks have given to Coalfield over the years, and helped Coalfield, as an entity, and me as an individual, get this far. Now it's a chance to kind of pay that back.
This interview was originally published by the Daily Yonder.
Minimum Wage Hike Would Have Major Effect In Ohio Valley
Becca Schimmel
Photo: Steve Rhodes via Creative Commons
A new report from the Congressional Budget Office shows increasing the federal minimum wage to $15 an hour would boost the wages of 17 million workers and lift about 1.3 million people out of poverty. But the CBO warns that could also result in more than one million lost jobs and could diminish overall income for others.
The report comes as Congressional Democrats prepare to vote on the first increase in the federal minimum wage in a decade. It's a move that could have a tremendous impact in the Ohio Valley, where low-wage service sector jobs are replacing higher-earning positions in manufacturing and mining in many communities.
Democratic Congressman Bobby Scott of Virginia, who chairs the House Education and Labor Committee, said the new CBO report makes a strong economic case for a higher minimum wage.
"Raising the minimum wage will provide a boost in the economy by putting money in the pockets of workers who will spend that money in the economy," Scott said in a press call.
Scott is pressing his caucus for passage of the Raise the Wage Act of 2019, which would increase the federal minimum wage to $15 an hour over the coming five years. The bill would also eliminate the lower minimum wage for tipped workers. The federal minimum wage is currently set at $7.25 an hour and hasn't increased since 2009.
Opponents are concerned that raising the minimum wage could strain employer budgets, add costs for consumers and result in fewer people being hired.
Click for an interactive map from Economic Policy Institute, which advocates for a higher minimum wage. Source: Economic Policy Institute
Regional effects
The Economic Policy Institute, a left-leaning think tank, conducted a separate analysis in February showing how the Ohio Valley region would be affected by a $15 minimum wage by 2024. The policy group's research shows across the nation about 40 million workers would see an increase in pay and parts of the Ohio Valley would see some of the most pronounced effects in the country.
For example, the EPI report predicts that in large portions of eastern Kentucky, southern West Virginia and southeast Ohio, roughly 40 percent of workers would see some increase in wages.
EPI says some workers employed year-round in Kentucky could see an increase in their average annual income of about $4,000. In West Virginia and Ohio, workers might see about $3,000 more in average annual income.
EPI Economist Ben Zipperer said, in general, raising the minimum wage can help workers who earn the least, and he said those are typically women and people of color.
"Minimum wages, because they focus on the bottom of the wage distribution, they affect and raise wages for people who are the least-paid in our economy," he said.
Zipperer said raising the minimum wage can help reduce pay disparities by gender and race. He also said a federal minimum wage increase would improve incomes even for those working above the current rate.
"And then also you're going to be raising wages for people who are just earning about 15 or a little bit more than that as there is some kind of ripple effect," he said. "It does extend a little bit beyond."
The Economic Policy Institute report is based on data from the American Community Survey. The states are broken up into Congressional districts where people live and not necessarily where they work. EPI said the CBO's report overestimates the number of job losses that would come from raising the minimum wage.
The policy center of EPI is lobbying for passage of the Raise the Wage Act.
Opponents of raising the minimum wage worry it could cause employers to lay off workers and raise unemployment levels. There's also concern that raising wages would cause production cost and prices to increase, forcing more people into poverty rather than lifting them out of it.
The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank, argues small businesses would not be able to increase revenue enough to cover the cost of higher wages. The group also said employers would be forced to increase prices or cut costs by laying people off.
The CBO report notes uncertainty about the responsiveness of employers to a wage increase and how incomes will increase by 2025.
This article was originally published by West Virginia Public Broadcasting.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"We were looking for a hard wearing, natural wood enhancing seal to finish this commercial flooring project. We really liked the great variety of colours Jax Oleum collection offered us, and with such easy applications we really didn't look any further. Great products!" – Finfloor SA Satisfied custom and distributor of Jax Oleum.


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BUSINESS EXCHANGE: Buy Into Black Beauty
by William Reed May 3, 2017 October 30, 2020
Courtesy of Sundial Brands via Twitter
According to News One broadcasts, black women are aggravated by the SheaMoisture people seeking to expand across color lines. Millions of blacks can see themselves as the base of SheaMoisture marketplace. But there's nothing wrong with a black company doing "crossover" marketing.
Blacks need to be "educated consumers" guided by racial identity and loyalty. The black hair-care industry is a $761 million market, with ethnic beauty being is a major factor. The multicultural beauty-products market is outpacing the growth of the overall cosmetics and toiletries market.
Some blacks on social media have declared a boycott of the SheaMoisture brand, but company CEO Richelieu Dennis urges those consumers to reconsider.
"We already have few black businesses in beauty," he said. "I think that it is a mistake to abandon a brand that has served and continues to serve because of a Facebook post. Look at our track record, look at what we've done, we are a business trying to grow and we need support."
Dennis is founder of Sundial Brands, which includes SheaMoisture. He based his original shea butter products on his grandmother's recipes. Sundial pulled in an estimated $200 million in revenue in 2015. The company's growth caught the attention of Bain Capital, is a Boston-based company with assets of $75 billion, which acquired a minority stake in Sundial Brands.
The Liberian-born Dennis espouses inclusivity, once writing that his 25-year-old natural beauty company Sundial was more of "a mission with a business, rather than a business with a mission."
Dennis' family began making natural beauty products in their Queens, New York, apartment. The brand has come a long way since then, when Dennis was hawking shea butter shampoos by the pound on Harlem's streets. At the time, Dennis was displaced in the United States as civil war broke out in his native Liberia. The family home in Liberia was destroyed. Dennis, his mother and a close friend from college turned to the family business, which his grandmother started by crafting soaps and lotions from local plants.
Blacks should do all they can to support blacks in business, and Dennis' company deserves allegiance.
Reciprocity should be the rule of Blacks' consumerism. Improving consumers' loyalty to brands allows firms to secure a comfortable long-term position in the market-place. The issue of brand loyalty is larger than just repetitive discrete transactions between consumers and brands. Black women, in particular, spend an estimated $7.5 billion annually on beauty products, shelling out 80 percent more on cosmetics and twice as much on skin care as their nonblack counterparts.
Blacks should stay with Sundial Brands and help increase its image and distribution among other African-Americans. Since its founding, Sundial Brands have supported charitable and nonprofit community organizations. Dennis' company has Community Commerce–labeled products. Ten percent of gross sales of these items are channeled back into Community Commerce initiatives. The company's Community Commerce team works with suppliers to identify local needs.
Blacks can help Sundial by forming local support and distribution networks. With the investment money from Bain, Sundial's distribution footprint is expected to grow from 25,000 stores to 45,000 by next year. Sundial is working with retail partners, such as Target, to move its products off specialty shelves. If all goes according to plan, SheaMoisture will be going head to head with the likes of Procter & Gamble and L'Oreal on store shelves.
William Reed is publisher of "Who's Who in Black Corporate America" and available for projects via Busxchng@his.com.
BUSINESS EXCHANGE: Help Entrepreneur Return Essence to Glory
Richelieu Dennis Purchases Essence Communications
#BuyBlack Reinforces Efforts from Civil Rights Era
Tagged: Black business owners, Richelieu Dennis, SheaMoisture, sundial brands, william reed
William Reed
William Reed is President and Chief Executive Officer of Black Press International. He has been a Media Entrepreneur for over two decades. A well-trained marketing and communications professional, Reed... More by William Reed


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Corr Surname Ancestry Results
Our indexes 1000-1999 include entries for the spelling 'corr'. In the period you have requested, we have the following 68 records (displaying 1 to 10):
Buying all 68 results of this search individually would cost £388.00. But you can have free access to all 68 records for a year, to view, to save and print, for £100. Save £288.00. More...
corpham corpi corpin corpisty corplay corpley corporal corporall corpoyl corpper corprewe corps corpscy corpse corpson corpsti corpsty corpusty corput corquin corrack corrade corradi corradine corrado corragio corragioni corral corrales corrall corram corran corrance corrane corrange corrans corrant corranus corraro corrd
Clergy, the religious and the faithful in Britain and Ireland (1362-1404)
These are abstracts of the entries relating to Great Britain and Ireland from the Regesta of popes Urban V, Gregory XI, (Anti-Pope) Clement VII, Urban VI and Boniface IX, and the Lateran Regesta of Boniface IX. Many of these entries relate to clerical appointments and disputes, but there are also indults to devout laymen and women for portable altars, remission of sins, &c. This source is particularly valuable for Ireland, for which many of the key government records of this period are lost. Urban V was consecrated and crowned 6 November 1362 (the day from which his pontificate is dated); Gregory XI was crowned 5 January 1371; Clement VII 31 October 1378; Urban VI 18 April 1378; Boniface IX 9 November 1389 and died 1 October 1404. Until 1376 the papacy was in exile at Avignon. The extracts were made by W. H. Bliss from Regesta ccxlv to cccxx and Lateran Regesta i to xliii, and published in 1902. Bliss remarked that 'although the writing of the Papal Registers of the 14th century is clearer than that of many contemporary English MSS., the entries in them were for the most part founded upon petitions or letters from different countries, and the scribes in the Papal Chancery must have experienced even greater difficulty in copying English proper names than English students experience nowadays in reading the early Chancery Rolls preserved in the Public Record Office. Not having local or personal knowledge, they constantly misread doubtful letters.'
CORR. Cost: £4.00.
These are abstracts of the entries relating to Great Britain and Ireland from the Lateran and Vatican Regesta of pope Sixtus IV. Many of these entries relate to clerical appointments and disputes, but there are also indults to devout laymen and women for portable altars, remission of sins, &c. This source is particularly valuable for Ireland, for which many of the key government records of this period are lost. Many of the names in the text were clearly a puzzle to the scribes in Rome, and spelling of British and Irish placenames and surnames is chaotic. Sixtus IV was consecrated and crowned 25 August 1471 (the day from which his pontificate is dated) and died at Rome 12 August 1484. The extracts were made by J. A. Twemlow from Vatican Regesta dxlvi to dclxxxi and Lateran Regesta dccxiii to dcccxxxviii, and published in 1955. Not all the Lateran registers survive from this pontificate, but were still in existence in the 18th century, when indexes were compiled giving rubricelle, or brief summaries of the papal bulls; nor, indeed, have all these indexes now survived, but Twemlow added an appendix listing all the rubricelle relating to the British Isles extant for the reign of Sixtus IV.
Liegemen and Traitors, Pirates and Spies (1580-1581)
The Privy Council of queen Elizabeth was responsible for internal security in England and Wales, and dealt with all manner of special and urgent matters
Licences for marriages in southern England (1632-1714)
The province or archbishopric of Canterbury covered all England and Wales except for the northern counties in the four dioceses of the archbishopric of York (York, Durham, Chester and Carlisle). Marriage licences were generally issued by the local dioceses, but above them was the jurisdiction of the archbishop. Where the prospective bride and groom were from different dioceses it would be expected that they obtain a licence from the archbishop; in practice, the archbishop residing at Lambeth, and the actual offices of the province being in London, which was itself split into myriad ecclesiastical jurisdictions, and spilled into adjoining dioceses, this facility was particularly resorted to by couples from London and the home counties, although there are quite a few entries referring to parties from further afield. Three calendars of licences issued by the Faculty Office of the archbishop were edited by George A Cokayne (Clarenceux King of Arms) and Edward Alexander Fry and printed as part of the Index Library by the British Record Society Ltd in 1905. The first calendar is from 14 October 1632 to 31 October 1695 (pp. 1 to 132); the second calendar (awkwardly called Calendar No. 1) runs from November 1695 to December 1706 (132-225); the third (Calendar No. 2) from January 1707 to December 1721, but was transcribed only to the death of queen Anne, 1 August 1714. The calendars give only the dates and the full names of both parties. Where the corresponding marriage allegations had been printed in abstract by colonel Joseph Lemuel Chester in volume xxiv of the Harleian Society (1886), an asterisk is put by the entry in this publication. The licences indicated an intention to marry, but not all licences resulted in a wedding.
Apprentices (1759)
Apprenticeship indentures and clerks' articles were subject to a 6d or 12d per pound stamp duty: the registers of the payments usually give the master's trade, address, and occupation, and the apprentice's name, as well as details of the date and length of the apprenticeship. 12 April to 31 December 1759.
Inhabitants of the City of London (1780)
In August 1780 this loyal petition was made to king George III, subscribed by 2800 'Liverymen, Freemen, and Others, Inhabitants of the City of London', expressing grateful thanks 'for that Protection, which, by the Wisdom, Vigilance, and Activity of your Majesty in Council, was so seasonably given to us, at a Time when our Lives, Property, and every Thing dear to us, were in such imminent Danger, from the Violence of the most outrageous Banditti that ever existed.' This refers to the Gordon Riots, caused by a bill which Parliament introduced in 1778 to repeal certain harsh laws against Roman Catholics: in June 1780 a mob protesting against this repeal assembled in London, forced its way into the House of Commons, attacked Newgate prison releasing many prisoners, and destroyed a great deal of property, until dispersed by the military.
Apprentices and clerks (1790)
Apprenticeship indentures and clerks' articles were subject to a 6d or 12d per pound stamp duty: the registers of the payments usually give the master's trade, address, and occupation, and the apprentice's name, as well as details of the date and length of the apprenticeship. 2 January to 31 December 1790. IR 1/34
Masters of apprentices registered in Scotland (1792)
Apprenticeship indentures and clerks' articles were subject to a 6d or 12d per pound stamp duty: the registers of the payments usually give the master's trade, address, and occupation, and the apprentice's name, as well as details of the date and length of the apprenticeship. There are central registers for collections of the stamp duty in London, as well as returns from collectors in the provinces. The indentures themselves can date from a year or two earlier than this return. (The sample entry shown on this scan is taken from a Bristol return. Each entry has two scans, the other being the facing page with the details of the indenture, length of service, and payment of duty.) IR 1/66
Apprenticeship indentures and clerks' articles were subject to a 6d or 12d per pound stamp duty: the registers of the payments usually give the master's trade, address, and occupation, and the apprentice's name, as well as details of the date and length of the apprenticeship. There are central registers for collections of the stamp duty in London, as well as returns from collectors in the provinces. These collectors generally received duty just from their own county, but sometimes from further afield. The indentures themselves can date from a year or two earlier than this return. (The sample entry shown on this scan is taken from a Bristol return. Each entry has two scans, the other being the facing page with the details of the indenture, length of service, and payment of duty.) IR 1/67
Manchester Directory (1825)
W. Parson compiled this Manchester trades directory included in the second volume of the History, Directory, and Gazetteer of the County Palatine of Lancaster, by Edward Baines, published in 1825. The names are arranged alphabetically by surname and christian name, with address, including house numbers where appropriate.


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Q: Getting NCRUNCH to honor Output Path from Project Settings? I have downloaded a trial version of NCrunch for Visual Studio 2013 and am trying to get it working with my solution that builds fine and has working MS Unit Tests.  I am able to get NCrunch to build all the projects (a mixture of C# and C++) but every single test fails with the following message:
Assembly initialize/cleanup failed: System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'IDC_UnitTests.DataCollectorTests' threw an exception. ---> System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'IDC.dll' or one of its dependencies. The specified module could not be found.
   at IDC_UnitTests.DataCollectorTests..cctor()
Every single one of the projects has its output path defined as:
..\Debug\
It sure looks like NCrunch is not using this output path because
1. It's the same error I've seen before when I accidentally didn't set the output path of one of the project to ..\Debug
2.  When I look at the NCrunch directories (AppData\Local\NCrunch\18552\69\Debug, I don't see all the project dlls there like I should.  Not sure if NCrunch organizes stuff like MSBuild, but it seems suspicious.
Any ideas?
Thanks,
Dave

A: NCrunch creates a separate "workspace" for each referenced DLL. For example, if you have AssemblyA.Tests.dll referencing AssemblyA.dll, NCrunch will create 2 workspaces (under AppData\Local\NCrunch\ as you've found out)
in 2 separate directories, and will be able to resolve the dependencies even if the DLLs are not in the same directory.
From the docs: "Under a normal VS build, these resource files will be co-located with the output assemblies of referencing projects. Under NCrunch, this is not always the case." Read more.
However, if you're loading an assembly dynamically (i.e. Assembly.Load()), by default the runtime expects the DLL to sit next to the executing assembly, but it won't be there. In such cases you need to instruct NCrunch to bring along
the dependencies using the option Copy referenced assemblies to workspace, which you can access from the NCrunch view by right-clicking the target assembly and selecting Configure selected component.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


When will Spring be over?
As we wait for the dates of the Lok Sabha election to be announced, it's increasingly becoming harder to separate fact from fiction; truth from exaggeration. Take the findings of the recently-out second edition of National Annual Rural Sanitation Survey (NARSS) 2018-19.


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Q: Display total count of students Display total count of students enrolled in all subjects and helping material is
student (rollNumber, Sfname, Slname, email,phone)
Subjects(Subid, subTitle, credit_hrs)
std_sub(rollNUmber (fk from student), subid(fk frim subjects), session, sectionID)

and I wrote query
select subTitle,Subid,rollNumber,rollNUmber
from student s
join std_sub st on s.rollNumber=st.rollNUmber
join subjects sub on sub.subid=st.subid

But it still needs modification

A: If I get you correctly then you want to find out total_students per subject.
Count() which will display number of students enrolled in each subject and any subject has no students then it will show 0 as student count
select
    subTitle,
    Subid,
    coalesce(count(st.rollNumber), 0) as total_students

from subjects sub

left join std_sub st
on sub.subid = st.subid

left join student s
on st.rollNumber = s.rollNUmber

group by
    subTitle,
    Subid

Students with no enrollment
select
    rollNumber,
    Sfname,
    Slname
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Discussion in 'Article Discussion' started by arcticstoat, 13 Jan 2011.
Not the end of world having the CMOS battery behind the graphics card since there's a clear CMOS button on the IO panel?
I can't stand the MSI implementation of EFI, ASUS is far better IMO and will affect my purchase decisions.
Do you have any P67 MAtx m/b's waiting to be reviewed?
We'd recommend buying the Asus P8P67 Pro over the GD65.
Apparently they're offering 20% Cashback (for VAT) clicky.
Nice to see MSI continuing their Launch Day discounts, not as good as their P55 one, but it's still not bad either.
MSI is my new go-to motherboard company even since I switched from a socket 939 ASUS to a socket 1156 MSI GD-65. If I had a legit reason to upgrade, which I don't since all I do is game and do some light web browsing, the socket 1155 GD-65 would probably find it's way into my system. The line alone where bit-tech mentions there's plenty of room around the CPU socket to mount coolers sold me. If there's one thing that really kills a good motherboard for me, it's the lack of room around the CPU socket itself. If your using a stock cooler it won't really matter which motherboard you go with since they all should fit but when your putting an aftermarket fan on there, you can always use the extra space.
Despite my previous comment I have just purchased this motherboard. The 20% back sold it for me.
I have one waiting for an i2500K and 4gb XMS3 that are on their way. Absolute bargain at £116 with the rebate, which MSI have already received from me.
What cooler have you guys been using (recommend) on the new SB processors?
I will be using a Corsair H50. I used one on my old i7 920 overclocked to 3.8Ghz and it was brilliant.
I have also heard good things about the Gelid Tranquillo, Fenrir & Frio.
basically, bios reports cpu at 20 ghz (!?!?) even tho cpuz reports 3.4 ghz. Nobody in this thread (now over 8 users I believe) is able to upgrade the BIOS past 1.4 and retain the ability to save configs (the bios locks, mouse pointer freezes, when trying to "save and reset" the board). And if you stay on 1.4 there is no PLL overvolt fix so you can't even get up to 4.5 ghz with a 2600k. In my case the highest I have been is 4.3 ghz and that was barely stable.
Then other things like.. just clicking on "spread spectrum" to disable it crashes the bios. This, in my opinion, is not even consumer grade quality.
Does anybody here have any good contacts with MSI? So far all I have gotten from their tech support is "please try this new bios 1.8b5" which has the same issue. Somewhere between 1.4 and 1.5 this nasty save bug seemed to have crept in but nobody can find out where since we don't have access to the beta builds from 1.5.
IF this mess can be fixed, I would actually rate the board as decent. But as it stands right now, I just wish I bought asus or even put up with the normal bios on gigabyte.
I just bought one of these so it's a bit of a concern to read that thread on the MSI website. I guess that I'll try overclocking it this evening and see what happens.
If you are struggling with the motherboard then why not just send it back though? Don't listen to any bullsh1t from the supplier, under the Sale of Goods Act you are entitled to a full refund without any argument.
Personally I think that if you're a novice like me who wants a top spec MB at a reasonable price but without the complications of overclocking, then this is the case to go for. I mean, just how many motherboards out there which have not 6 but 8 sata ports? I think one can't go wrong with this one. Leave the Asus for the experts.


Bulle de BB designs are both chic and fun, sprinkled here and there with itsy-bitsy notes of pure sweetness. All Bulle de BB styles are designed in soft and comfortable natural fabrics that are easy to care for and fuss-free for busy moms! Bulle de BB was founded in July 2004 by an expectant (and fashionista) French mom living in the wonderful South of France.
Tee-shirt MC noeuds cotes "Adorable"
Dorse-bien "Je suis a croquer"


I'm in the process of coming up with a new blog identity... the complete package... but I'm trying to figure out a new name for this here little corner of the internet. So if you don't mind - I have a poll set up in Facebook to collect votes... if you have a write in vote - just leave me a comment. I need to make this decision by the end of the weekend... so vote quickly!!
I love naming things and I have put a little thought into this and all I can come up with is Kim's Whims.


Company Description and Location: Dunkin' Donuts is the world's leading baked goods and coffee chain, serving more than 3 million customers each and every day. True to the name, they offer 50+ varieties of donuts but also can be enjoyed dozens of premium beverages, bagels, breakfast sandwiches and other baked goods. Job positions are offered at the Old Orchard Beach and Saco in Maine.
The primary responsibilities include operating cash registers, greeting customers, taking food and drink orders, and completing transactions. Dunkin' Donuts team members also regularly clean workstations, brew and grind coffee, restock cups and food items, assist bakers and help clean the restaurant by sweeping, mopping, removing trash and cleaning bathrooms. You are required work on foot for long periods of time. Applicants should possess excellent verbal communication skills and basic computer and mathematics skills.
Transportation – You can walk/ride a bike to work, beach, library, food, and fun.


It has been awhile since I put Asian food on the supper menu. I ran across this recipe on my sons blog; Blogchef.net. It looked really good so I decided to give it a try.
This is a simple recipe and fairly quick to put together. The pork chops turn out juicy and tender with a delicious combination of flavors.
The next time you're in the mood for Asian food give these Korean Style Pork Chops a try; they are really good!
In a medium size bowl mix together the soy sauce, honey, garlic, sesame oil, ginger, and Sriracha sauce. Work the chops into the mixture, refrigerate, and marinate for 20 minutes.
While chops are marinating preheat oven to 400F.
Serve hot with sauce over the chops.