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Clipper yacht crew return to Lure!
We are delighted to share the news that the Clipper Round the World Yacht race will return once again to our home at Abell Point. When the marina successfully won the bid to host the 2015-2016 rest leg, Lure was a venue in its infancy and not yet open to the public. We hosted several events over the 5 days the crew were in region from informal cocktail events, to presentation nights which showcased the versatility our venue and the welcoming atmosphere of the Whitsunday community.
Fast forward 2 years and in January 2018, the Whitsundays will once again play host to this epic yacht race and the brave and resilient crew members who participate. This time Abell Point has been named as Home Port Sponsor, which means the fleet stays longer and the celebrations get bigger!
The Whitsunday Clipper Race Carnival will take place over 16 days with some spectacular events taking place, showcasing the very best in our region. From a long lunch on Whitehaven Beach to a rodeo on the foreshore in Bowen, there will be something for everyone to enjoy. Lure once again will play media room for the Clipper crew, as well as providing the venue for the race prize-giving for those participants who complete their race leg in the Whitsundays. With over 350 people packed into the venue to celebrate in 2016, we are planning an event to match that.
The community will be involved in many of the events, with open days on the boats at the marina taking place to visitors can see how the crew manage life at sea in those conditions. We are also planning community markets, pop up brekkie bars and live entertainment to keep the atmosphere alive, so watch this space for more updates on the specific event calendar as they are released.
For up to date information on this huge event, head to – https://www.tourismwhitsundays.com.au/clipper-race
Clipper Round World Yacht Race; Lure Whitsundays; Whitsundays; Events; Abell Point Marina
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Magical substances or learned effects? -- Research with humans and animals -- How do we identify our feelings? -- Can chemical effects be learned? -- The power of expectations: The mighty placebo effect -- Can intoxicants be studied by blind tests?
The pioneer study of marijuana -- Later research on marijuana intoxication -- Do amphetamine and cocaine have pleasant effects? -- Are addicts and drugs users motivated by the chemical effects? -- Psychological effects of morphine and heroin -- Psychological effects of LSD, inhalants etc.
Chapter 7: The chemistry of "getting high"
The adventurous experiences of intoxication and religion -- The pharmacological basis of getting "high" -- "Getting high" -- not an effect, but an interpretation.
From superstition to science: demystification of intoxicants -- How did alcohol and other drugs become "psycho-active" drugs? -- Chemical hypothesis or indisputable motives? -- Understanding intoxicant use - is it possible?


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Der Murchison Highway ist eine australische Fernstraße, die von der Westküste Tasmaniens in die Nähe von Burnie verläuft und am 13. Dezember 1963 eröffnet wurde. Der Abschnitt von Waratah nach Burnie hieß bis höchstens 1973 Waratah Highway.

Verlauf
Die Straße beginnt 4 km östlich von Zeehan als Fortsetzung des Zeehan Highway und führt zunächst nach Nord-Nordosten. Am Pieman River biegt sie nach Osten ab und führt durch die Stadt Rosebery. 7 km östlich der Stadt zweigt die Anthony Main Road (B28) nach Queenstown ab und der Highway wendet sich nach Norden. Dann überquert er den Murchison River, führt entlang des Lake Rosebery nach Norden durch die Siedlung Tullah und überquert den Mackintosh River. Wenig später zweigt die Pieman Road (C252) zum Reece-Staudamm nach Westen ab. Der Highway führt weiter nach Norden und überquert den Bulgobac River und den Que River. Dort zweigt die Belvoir Road (C132) Richtung Sheffield nach Osten ab. Bald danach überquert der Murchison Highway den Hatfield River und wendet sich nach Nord-Nordwest. Zwischen Guildford und Waratah zweigt die Mount Road (B23) nach Waratah und Savage River im Westen und der Ridgley Highway (B18) nach Burnie im Norden ab. Der Highway führt weiter nach Norden über Parrawe durch die Hellyer Gorge State Reserve, wo er den Hellyer River überquert. Vorbei an den Siedlungen Oonah und Henrietta führt die Strecke weiter nach Nordosten in die Kleinstadt Yolla, wo nach Norden die Mount Hicks Road (B26) nach Wynyard abzweigt. Auf dem letzten Stück nach Somerset passiert der Murchison Highway die Kleinstadt Elliot. In Somerset ist er an den Bass Highway (A2) angebunden.

Bedeutung
Vor dem Bau dieser Fernstraße wurden die meisten Güter von der Westküste an die Nordküste von der Emu Bay Railway transportiert oder von Regatta Point oder Strahan im Macquarie Harbour verschifft.

Teile der Fernstraße wurden durch Straßen, die von Hydro Tasmania während des Staudammprojektes am oberen Pieman River und am Henty River gebaut wurden, überflüssig. Z. B. gibt es eine schnelle Querverbindung von Queenstown nach Tullah knapp westlich der West Coast Range.

Straßenzustand
Im Winter ist auf dieser Straße mit Eis und Schnee zu rechnen. Einer der gefährlichsten Abschnitte ist der am Rande des Mount Black (bei Rosebery), wo schon viele Unfälle passiert sind. Auch die Strecke von Rosebery nach Zeehan kann bei kaltem und nassem Wetter gefährlich werden.

Weblinks
 Übersicht über den Straßenzustand in Tasmanien (englisch)

Quellen
Road link heralds new era for west. Tasmanian Motor News (Januar 1964)
 Steve Parish: Australian Touring Atlas. Steve Parish Publishing, Archerfield QLD 2007. ISBN 978-1-74193-232-4. S. 60

Einzelnachweise

Straße in Tasmanien
Straße in Australien und Ozeanien

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Hello Daniel, Try not to work too hard today... Oh wait.
WHAT UP Mr. Stogie Stand!!!?
What's on your agenda today? Slow day at the office?
Starbucks, donuts, c.com forum, instagram, c.com forum, draw ... repeat. Lunch repeat, repeat.
It sounds like you have a full schedule. Remember pace yourself..
Hey D-man! Hawaiian shirt day? Hmm? Or is that next Friday?
Hi Kuya, pass the panzit.
Most likely I'll light up tonight.
James! Do you really eat Filipino food?
Kuya!! That is priceless. What up Daniel? My wife got me a pair on navy blue chucks for Valentines day..rockin them for the first time today!
Kuya Raw-lin. Dude, I lost my blue Chucks. I can't freakin find them anywhere.
What kind of donuts you got?
I could eat the OG Glazed all day long.....soooo damn good. Swear they put crack in it or somethin' because they're addictive.
Was the "hot now" light on?
I'm at the desk all day today... but the internet is going up and down over here. Mostly goes down (like a cheap date).
what up cuz? get it? cuz, cousin? ... Vinny .......... My couisin Vinny?


§ 28-1.2 Intent and Purpose.
§ 28-1.3 Definitions and Word Usage.
§ 28-1.5 Powers and Duties.
§ 28-1.6 Emergency Operations Plan.
§ 28-1.7 Disclaimer of Liability.
§ 28-1.8 Violations and Penalties.
This chapter shall be known and may be cited and referenced to as the "Emergency Management Ordinance."
The Local Emergency Planning and Flood Mitigation Committee will be the coordinating unit for all activity in connection with local emergencies and as required by New Jersey Statutes, P.L. 1942, c. 251, as amended by P.L. 1953, c. 438. The Local Emergency Planning and Flood Mitigation Committee will provide planning guidance to the departments and agencies of the Township.
A determination by the Emergency Management Coordinator upon consultation with the Township Administrator or Mayor or designee that an emergency has occurred or is imminent requiring activation of all or part of the Township's emergency management services, from which determination a proclamation of a state of local disaster emergency shall be issued, signed by the Emergency Management Coordinator and Township Administrator or Mayor.
Any unusual set of circumstances which endangers the health, safety or resources of the residents of the Township of Bernards and which is or may become too large in scope or is unusual in type to be handled in its entirety by the Township and its related service agencies.
The person appointed by the Mayor for a three-year term, to plan, activate, coordinate and conduct the emergency operations of the Township in accordance with N.J.S.A. App. A:9-40.4.
The employees, equipment and facilities of all Township departments, boards, commissions and agencies; and, in addition, all volunteer persons, entities or agencies organized by the Committee to assist in supervising and coordinating the emergency control activities of the municipality.
Any emergency or the imminence thereof which affects the Township but is not so severe as to require action by the Governor of New Jersey or the County Emergency Management Coordinator as described in the Emergency Management Act, N.J.S.A. App. A:9-43 et seq.
The emergency service unit of the local government formed to help carry out the basic governmental functions of maintaining the public peace, health and safety during an emergency in accordance with N.J.S.A. App. A:9-41. This shall include plans and preparations for protection from and relief, recovery and rehabilitation from the effects of any emergency. The Local Emergency Planning and Flood Mitigation Committee shall be composed of not more than 15 members appointed by the Mayor and shall serve at the will and pleasure of the appointing authority.
The Chief Administrative Officer of the Township or her designee.
Any person duly appointed by the Mayor or the Emergency Management Coordinator with the assistance of the Local Emergency Planning and Flood Mitigation Committee and assigned to participate in emergency management activities.
The Township hereby creates an Emergency Management Council for emergency management and control utilizing, to the fullest extent, the existing agencies within the Township.
The Emergency Management Coordinator, who must be a resident of the Township, shall serve as Chairman. The Emergency Management Coordinator, subject to fulfilling the requirements herein, shall serve for a term of three years. As a condition of his appointment and his right to continue for the full term of his appointment, each Emergency Management Coordinator shall have successfully completed, at the time of his appointment or within one year immediately following appointment, the current approved home study course and the basic emergency management workshop. The failure of any Emergency Management Coordinator to fulfill such requirement within the time period prescribed shall disqualify the Coordinator from continuing in the office of Coordinator, and, thereupon, a vacancy in said office shall be deemed to have been created. The Deputy Emergency Management Coordinator shall be appointed by the Emergency Management Coordinator, with the approval of the Mayor. Whenever possible, such Deputy shall be appointed from among the salaried employees of the Township.
The Local Emergency Planning and Flood Mitigation Committee.
The Local Emergency Management Force.
The Emergency Management Coordinator shall issue a written proclamation approved and signed by the Township Administrator or Mayor and Emergency Management Coordinator that a state of local emergency exists in accordance with N.J.S.A. App. A:9-40.5. The proclamation, duly witnessed, will be filed with the Township Clerk.
During the period that the emergency proclamation remains in force, the Emergency Management Coordinator, in accordance with regulations promulgated by the State Emergency Management Director, shall be empowered to issue and enforce such orders, rules and regulations as may be necessary to implement and carry out emergency control operations and to protect the health, safety and resources of the residents of the municipality in accordance with N.J.S.A. App. A:9-40.5.
Persons or organizations violating the order, rules and regulations issued in accordance with N.J.S.A. App. A:9-40.5 shall be subject to penalties in accordance with Subsection 28-1.8.
The Township Administrator may, within 24 hours of a declared emergency, notify the Township Clerk to convene a meeting of the Township Committee. The Township Administrator in conjunction with the Coordinator shall provide to the Township Committee an explanation of the event, the activities ongoing to address community needs and an estimate of anticipated unusual expenses to be made on behalf of the Township to meet the needs of same.
The Emergency Management Coordinator may request aid in accordance with N.J.S.A. App. A:9-40.6. The state statute and mutual aid agreements shall govern such request for aid outside of local resources.
During the emergency, the Emergency Management Coordinator shall recommend expenditures to the Township Administrator of Township funds and resources in order to obtain vital supplies, equipment and other properties found lacking and needed for the protection of health, life and property of the people.
The Township Administrator may, during the emergency, require the services of any Township officer, employee or official to assist her or the Emergency Management Coordinator. All such duly authorized persons rendering emergency services shall be entitled to the privileges and immunities as may be provided by state law for other registered and identified emergency management workers.
The Emergency Management Coordinator shall cause to be prepared the emergency operations plan.
During any emergency, the Emergency Management Coordinator may obtain vital supplies, equipment and other properties found lacking and needed for the protection of health, life and property of the people and bind the Township for the fair value thereof.
A comprehensive emergency operations plan (EOP) shall be adopted and maintained by directive of the Township Committee. The EOP shall be prepared by the Emergency Management Coordinator and submitted for approval by the Township Committee and will outline the duties and responsibilities under this chapter and all other applicable regulatory requirements. In preparation of the EOP, the Emergency Management Coordinator will consult with all municipal department heads whose departments will be assigned duties and responsibilities under the plan, and said department heads will assist the Emergency Management Coordinator in preparation or modification of the plan. In the preparation or any modification of the plan as it pertains to the Township organization, it is the intent that the services, equipment, facilities and personnel of all existing departments and agencies shall be utilized to the fullest extent. When the plan is approved, it shall be the duty of all municipal departments and agencies to perform the functions assigned by the plan and to maintain their portion of the plan in a current state of readiness at all times. The plan shall be considered supplementary to and an implementation of this chapter and N.J.S.A. App. A:9-33 et seq.
This chapter is an exercise by the Township of its governmental function for the protection of the public peace, health and safety. During an emergency, neither the Township nor agents and representatives of said Township nor any individual, receiver, firm, partnership, corporation, association or trustee nor any of the agents thereof, in good faith carrying out, complying with or attempting to comply with any order, rule or regulation promulgated pursuant to the provisions of this chapter shall be liable for any damage sustained to persons or property as the result of said activity.
Any person, firm or corporation violating any provision of this chapter or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder, upon conviction thereof, may be punished by a fine or imprisonment.


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Sainsbury's partnership with Sosandar aims to "increase brand awareness"
Supermarket chain Sainsbury's has agreed a deal to stock womenswear brand Sosandar across its online platform and a select number of retail locations.
Through this wholesale agreement, a selected range will begin to be sold through Sainsbury's during 2023, initially online only with selected stores planned later in 2023. The initial product range will include best-selling styles from Sosandar's high performing collection and accessories.
The partnership, which includes the company's first in-store presence, will help further diversify Sosandar's route to market and increase brand awareness across its target demographic, whilst driving growth sales and profit.
Sainsbury's confirmed it will continue to increase its collaborations with fashion brands across the year "in order to provide new and existing customers with a broader selection of products".
The agreement with Sainsbury's adds to existing online partnerships that Sosandar has with John Lewis, Marks & Spencer, NEXT, The Very Group and JD Williams.
Sales to date from these partnerships have been extremely strong, with a record quarter delivered through third parties in Q3 FY23. Across the period, all product categories experienced growth, with knitwear, formal tailoring, coats and partywear performing "exceptionally well".
Ali Hall and Julie Lavington, Co-CEO's at Sosandar, commented: "This new relationship comes off the back off a record period of trading with our existing third parties and is testament to the strength of our brand and product range as it continues to resonate with customers.
"To be one of Sainsbury's key fashion partners is an incredibly proud moment for us. In line with our objective to provide our large but underserved demographic with more opportunities to purchase our unique and diverse products, this elevates our strategy from pureplay to an omnichannel brand. We believe that being an omnichannel business enhances our brand equity, will accelerate growth in our market share and brand awareness, whilst also providing us with a wider breadth of quality potential partners internationally.
"We are looking forward to working together and are excited to see a positive outcome for both our businesses."
Just Around The Corner adds new elevated womenswear area
MR PORTER launches luxury resale service
Superdry sales down as it reveals COVID-19 impact

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The plants of Proxima Centaury
Posted by Alejandro Izquierdo on 17 Nov 2017 17 Nov 2017
Artistic interpretation of Proxima Centaury b (by the author). The planet shows oceans and black forests in its surface. The star depicted is Proxima, and the small star to the right, the Sun. Created using http://planetmaker.wthr.us/, Celestia and Photoshop.
The Blue Planet, the "Pale Blue Dot", as Carl Sagan put it. That's our planet, Earth. But not everything is blue on the surface, there is also green, tons of it, a living green. Life may seem complicated at a first glance, but its basic requisites are, in fact, only energy and matter. And organisms have evolved different ways to get both. Photosynthesis is one of them and, perhaps, the most influential evolutionary invention in the history of our planet. While Animals, Fungi and most Bacteria struggle in a dramatic survival battle for food, photosynthetic organisms live a more "comfortable" live, creating their own meals and obtaining energy through them.
Energy and matter
But how does this work? For both photosynthesis and chemosynthesis (what animals do), the goal is the same: to create useful structures made out of carbon, the so-called organic compounds. As an element, carbon is perfect to create complex and durable compounds that can be used to form structures or store energy. Animals or fungi normally obtain them from other organisms, and rearrange them to suit their purposes. Every time you eat, organic matter is disarranged and rearranged to allow your growth and function. The origin of the organic compounds, then, does not rely on us, but on photosynthesis.
As a quick recap, what photosynthesis does is using energy to assemble carbon molecules into organic matter. For that, three ingredients are needed. One is carbon, which in most cases comes in the form of CO2 a gas product of respiration, the universal process where organic matter is broken to obtain energy. With that, the bricks have been obtained. The second is called the "electron donor", a molecule which is sacrificed to obtain energy for the process. The most common of them is water (water your plant, please), but more exotic elements, like iron (in some Chlorobiacea, Bacteria), have also been used by different organisms. The third is light. Photosynthesis uses the energy of photons (the elementary particle responsible for light and related to the electromagnetic force) which our Sun is constantly emitting, as an energetic switch. With both light and the electron donor, energy has been obtained.
With the help of light receptors (pigments, such as Chlorophyll), a photosynthetic organism captures light and induces the breaking of the "electron donor". This creates three products: protons, electrons and oxygen. Protons accumulate in a structure of the plants cell, electrons "refill" the chlorophyll, which loses an electron in the process, and oxygen is the result of breaking the "electron donor". The accumulation of protons results in a osmotic imbalance that finally concludes in the formation of ATP, the biological energy coin (see the image below).
Types of light, types of stars
Capturing protons via pigments is therefore indispensable, and is the whole reason behind why photosynthetic organisms have the colours they have. Green is the dominant colour in our planet, and to understand this fact we have to look to our Sun. It is clear that this is not an arbitrary colour, and that the light emitted by the Sun plays an important role. Our star is what is known as a G-type Star, a small sized yellow-like machine of atomic fusion. G corresponds to one of the types of stars in the Morgan-Keenan series, one of the most common ways to classify stars. In this system, stars are given the letters OBAFGKM according to their emission spectrum.
And now the question is. "what is an emission spectrum"?. Well, light is not homogeneous. The colours we perceive (red, blue), as well as ultraviolet, X-rays and others are indeed different types of lights, differentiated by their wavelength. Light is ubiquitous, and, in fact, most types of light are invisible to our eyes. Inside a star, atoms are continuously reacting, changing between energy states. When an atom or molecule goes from a high energy state, to a lower one, it releases energy in the shape of light. The type of light produced (its wavelength), depends on the material that has experienced this change and its own original energetic state. A star can have several types of atoms and molecules reacting, which creates different sets of lights. This set of lights emitted by a star is known as the emission spectrum. The Morgan-Keenan series just classifies all known stars into this cathegories, related to their emissium spectrum.
So, if the Sun is a G type star, which light does it produce? Let's take a prism, for example, reminiscing Isaac Newton (or Dark Side of the Moon by Pink Floyd, as you prefer). With a prism you can easily break down the light of our star. If you try this at home, just a side note: not all possible colours are represented there, many can't be seen by the human eye, and other can't even be said to be colours. In addition, not all colors are represented equally. If we take a more sofisticated method, we can see that the emission spectrum of the sun produces light from Ultraviolet (wavelength: 200nm) to Infrared (2500nm) and peaks specially around 500nm, which corresponds to visible light (around a blueish-greenish colour) (see image below).
Solar spectrum. The atmosphere also reduces the amount of light reaching the surface (red). Several atmospheric gases, such as ozone can deeply reduced certain types of light, such as UV. Image taken from here
This means that the Sun sends us mainly light that organisms can see (not surprise, here, it would be strange for organisms to see mainly IR, where the emission is very low), in particular green light. A lot of green light. And our plants are green. Solved, we can go home.
A problem of green
Nonono, our plants are green because they reflect green light. Every time light impacts an object, some wavelengths get absorbed, while others are reflected, and therefore can be seen (a black object, for example, normally captures most colour wavelengths). This means that most photosynthetic organisms are not using this light, the most abundant light coming from our Sun (a not-so intelligent design, I must say).
But this is not completely true, either. Plants can, in fact absorb green light, but not with their most dominant pigment, the chlorophyll, but with complementary ones, like carotenoids. Carotenoids only reflect orange, and are responsible, for example, for the colourful leaves in spring/autumn in the southern/northern hemisphere.
The reason why photosynthetic organisms use mainly chlorophyll, despite being suboptimal and having better options, is not completely understood, though. Two hypothesis for that have taken the lead: the purple planet and the light protection hypothesis.
The purple Planet is a hypothesis that states that before our Green planet, another type of photosynthesis dominated the planet: archean photosynthesis. You may have heard photosynthesis evolved just once. And that is true for oxygenic photosynthesis: the first organisms to perform that were cianobacteria, which were engulfed in a complicated evolutionary history of fagocitosis that led to the origin of the algae and plant cells. Archean photosynthesis, on the other hand, is not particularly spread. They normally dwell in salt mines, where they use rhodopsins to capture light. This pigment is, in fact, best at absorbing green light, and thus the best pigment to get light from the Sun. It is possible that the first cianobacteria could not compete with archea, and had to change to absorb of other types of light. (if you want to know more about ancient Earth and photosynthesis, check Seaweeds for sceptics (I)).
The second hypothesis is less complicated, and postulates that chlorophyll does not absorb green light in order to not become oversaturated with light (yes, too much light can be bad for a plant). By taking blue and red light mainly, it avoids collapsing the electron chain reaction due to a heavy luminic input.
Other worlds' colours
In any case, theoretically, in any other planet, plants should be expected to have the colour that best matches the light from their star. There are millions of planets waiting to be discovered, just in our Galaxy, and many of these may be habitable. How would photosynthesis work in these planets? That's what we want to answer in the next and last part of this article.
The last decade has brought us the discovery of hundreds of exoplanets thanks to telescopes such as the Kepler, and to the systems of transit and radial velocity. A transit happens when a planet crosses its star. Even if very little, the light of the star at that moment flickers, and this can be noticed by our telescopes. In a similar way, the gravitational pull of a planet can change the direction and speed of a stars movement, and that too can be used as evidence of an exoplanet (called radial velocity).
However, no more than 20 are considered to be into the ¨habitable zone¨, a region in a star system where water can remain in its liquid form. Stars offering this ¨habitable zone¨ are mainly of the types G (the Sun), K and M. These two represent the ¨coldest¨ class of stars, whose radiation is low enough to not automatically destroy organic matter, as it happens in the stars of type O to F. There is where scientists want to find photosynthesis, and to find live.
To simplify things, first let's imagine these organisms are similar to the ones on Earth, with a planet protected from high energy light (like UV) and that those organisms are adapted to get the best light from their star.
The three star system of Centauri
Situation of Alpha Centaury (α-Cen) and Proxima Centaury (red arrow) in the night sky. Only visible in the Southern Hemisphere (see Crux constellation). Image from here
Let's start with Proxima Centauri. Proxima Centauri is a star part of the tri-solar system known as Alpha Centauri, which also includes Rigil Kentaurus A, the most massive of all, and Rigil Kentaurus B. The two massive stars in this three system may not have an habitable zone, but Proxima Centauri, an M type, has.
Discovered in 2016 through the radial velocity system, Proxima Centauri B is a small planet orbiting this faint reddish star, and is probably the closest potential habitable exoplanet, just around 4 years-light away.
Proxima Centaury only has 1% of the total luminosity the Sun can give, and most of this light is in the infrared zone. This faint light means that any plant or algae living in Proxima Centauri B would need any help available to absorb as much light as possible. The perfect colour for this job is then, black. Black absorbs most coloured light and even some infrared, and is common in the tree of life through several pigments, like melanin.
The plants in Proxima Centauri b, therefore, could be black. But would that be enough to capture sunlight? Probably not. These organisms would probably be in a struggling battle for survival, maximizing their surface as much as possible to obtain enough light. There are several ways to do so, and the simplest one is being small and spherical, the ideal optimum of surface/volume. Colonial or even multicellular organisms could also exist, as long as they would be able to capture enough sunlight to survive. As in Earth, we could expect organisms in Proxima Centauri b to have originated in water. Under water, light is limited to the upper layers, and at the same tame, refracted, which makes light come from many different directions. Millions of black centaurean "algae", then could live on the upper layers of those seas, even creating gigantic dark blooms, trying to capture as much light as possible.
But on land, things are different. On land, photosynthetic organisms cannot move by currents, and light is focused in certain directions at certain hours. This could lead to an extreme competition for light, as any shadow would reduce the available dim light from Proxima Centauri, to nothing, and lead to a certain dead. Driven by competition, and the fact that Proxima Centauri b is a smaller planet than our Earth, with a lower gravitational pull, plants there may be able grow to unprecedented heights. Many of them could develop strategies for maximum spread (for example floaty and easily dispersing seeds, able to remain in the atmosphere for long), or to avoid near competition (poisonous compounds, long lasting lives with spread canopies…) or complex canopies. If light is such an scarce source, how can an organism maximize its light intake? Nature has shown us that curves and invaginations, specially those following a fractal structure, can deeply increase surface while remaining the same apparent length and thus maximizing light intake per volume. That's how the plants of Proxima Centauri b could be, but this description is already speculative enough.
All of this, if life in such a planet is even possible. Scientists have pointed out that such a planet, due to its low mass and proximity to its star, would be similar to Mercury, with one side always facing its star, while the other in perpetual darkness. These are not very good news for the habitability of such systems, but given that red stars are the most common in our Galaxy (although we cannot normally see them with naked eye), the probability that this problem could be solved by a mix of currents, atmospheric gases and other phenomena certainly exists.
So far, most discovered "habitable" exoplanets orbit around this type of stars. Other candidates with such companions, are GLIESE-667 at 23 light years, and Kapteyn-b, at around 13 light years.
Kepler, see your name in the skyes
Position in the sky of Kepler 442. Northern Hemisphere, near the constellation of Lyra, but not visible with amateur telescope. Chart extracted from Stellarium.
And then, there is… Kepler-442b. Discovered in 2015 by the Kepler telescope, this planet orbits around a K type star, also known as a Goldilock type star, the best stars for the origin and evolution of life, even better than our Sun. K type stars emit less UV-light, which easily destroys organic matter and last for longer, thus allowing more time for life to appear. The light emitted by this type of star, then, would be similar to that of the Sun, but with less UV radiation and a peak in a more yellowish-orange colour.
If we ideally think on a system where photosynthetic organisms would try to capture this type of light, we can imagine them being of a blue-cyan colour, disregarding this type of light in favour of the abundant orange light. Interestingly, no pigment on Earth absorbs mainly orange light. The closest could be phycocianine, that absorbs mainly around yellow and orange light, but neglects mostly any other wavelength. In nature it's only found as a complementary pigment in some cyanobacteria, so probably life in Kepler-442b would have something better than this.
So far, only 2 exoplanets in the habitable zone have been discovered around Goldilock stars and both, including Kepler-442b, are around 1000 light years away….which is not the best…but could be worse. The blue plants of Kepler-442b will have to wait longer, then.
Of course, if Earth has taught us something is that the history of life can be more complex than we normally imagine. The discovery of exoplanets opens a slight door in the field of Astrobiology, a field that so far, has no real organism to research on, but, whenever it finds one, it would completely revolutionize our conception of life in this planet.
The last sections of this article are highly speculative, and probably don't follow the strict scientific criteria we have imposed in our Onelephantsandbacteria articles. This article was inspired by a Scientific American article by Nancy Y. Kiang, published in 2008. At that point in time, exoplanets were still scarce. You can read it whole here
In the next issue…
After this interlude, the plan is to finally finish Strangers on the Animal tree and the Scientific Imaginary creatures and start other subjects. Amongst my notes there are words such as Ediacara, ants, religion or self-awareness. Let's see what the future holds.
Some bibliography
Marosvölgyi, M. A., & van Gorkom, H. J. (2010). Cost and color of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis research, 103(2), 105-109.
Nishio, J. N. (2000). Why are higher plants green? Evolution of the higher plant photosynthetic pigment complement. Plant, Cell & Environment, 23(6), 539-548.
AstrobiologyEmission spectrumKepler 442bPhotosynthesisProxima CentauryStar classification
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The Nigerian media landscape is a changing climate. Once dominated by print, radio and television, it is experiencing a disruption by digital platforms. The chief limitations of journalistic excellence are the poor remuneration and the overlapping of journalism and politics often to the detriment of objectivity.
Simon Kolawole
Journalist He is the author of the chapters between the Overview and Professional development, written in 2018
Emeka Umejei
Researcher He is the author of the chapters between Media development organisations and Traditional forms of communications and of the Conclusion, written in 2018
This report was made possible with the support of Free Press Unlimited .
One of the big gaps in the Nigerian media is the lack of credible broadcast industry audience measurement data that is accepted by all players in the sector. Three local companies — MPS, Mediatrax and MMS — measure audiences based on the monthly diary recall method, but data sets from these companies are lowly-regarded, often questionable, and rarely available to the public. Also, according to Emeka Mba, former Director General of the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC), some of the media buying and advertising agencies are themselves the owners of some of the measurement companies. And, even then, the ratings data are not used in media buying decisions, as brands/agencies tend to rely on bespoke/in-house research.
One audience measurement agency that publicly releases its data, though, is Kantar-GeoPoll Media Measurement (KGMM), a fusion of two groups with complementary skill sets: Kantar Media's expertise in audience research and GeoPoll's mobile survey platform. KGMM uses panel-based mobile surveys to collect audience measurement data for TV, radio, and print.
Advertisers and other members of the Nigerian public often rely on Alexa for measuring the audience strength of digital newspapers.


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Suu Kyi Raises Issue of HIV on Australia Tour
Public to Be Consulted on Plan to Save Rangoon's Heritage
Burma to Act Against Defamatory Banner After OIC Protests
Scenes from Protest-Rocked Bangkok
30 Firms Submit Bids for Burma's Offshore Oil Blocks
New FDI Rules Set to Relax Investment Restrictions
Rangoon's Shwe Gone Daing Flyover Opened to Traffic
Britain's Cameron Flies to China to Push Trade Deal
Thailand Braces for More Protest Violence
VP Biden Trying to Show US Still Focused on Asia
China Launches Lunar Probe Carrying 'Jade Rabbit' Buggy
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Protesters Target Thai PM's Party, Govt Seeks to Avoid Violent Confrontation
China Sends Warplanes Into Air Defense Zone
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Police Charge 93 People for Thandwe Violence
Vietnam Reaffirms Party Role in New Charter
Aung San Suu Kyi Meets Australian PM
Burma's Last Remaining Independence Fighter Dies
Philippines' Typhoon Rebuilding May Cost More, Last Longer Than Aceh
Problems Pile Up in Asia for US Policymakers
Burma Army Ambush Kills 2 Kachin Rebels
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Car Permit Accepted for Future Use, Says ABSDF
Tycoon's Plans for Putao Come under Scrutiny
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Speaking on World AIDS Day in Australia, the Burmese democracy icon calls for compassion for people living with the deadly disease.
By Samantha Michaels 2 December 2013
RANGOON — Burmese democracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi has called for greater respect and compassion for people living with HIV.
Speaking Sunday to mark World AIDS Day, Suu Kyi, an ambassador of the UN program on HIV, compared her own fight for freedom with the struggle of patients infected with the virus.
"Many people have shown me compassion when I have needed it the most. In my darkest moments, respect and dignity have given me courage," she said in a public service announcement launched by UNAIDS. The Nobel Peace Prize laureate and lawmaker was appointed last year as the UNAIDS Global Advocate for Zero Discrimination, with the goal of boosting international efforts to combat the stigma of living with HIV.
"You and I, we can make a difference by reaching out and letting people lead a life of dignity," she said."Together we can reach zero discrimination."
Also on Sunday, Suu Kyi joined UNAIDS director Michel Sidibé for a World AIDS Day event in Australia to unveil a new campaign to fight intolerance.
"For the first time we can see an end to an epidemic that has wrought such staggering devastation around the world," Sidibé said at the event in Melbourne at Government House, the office and official residence of the governor of Victoria, according to a statement by UNAIDS. "But make no mistake, stigma, denial and complacency are still among us, putting us in danger of failing the next generation."
Suu Kyi was in Melbourne on the final leg of a five-day trip to Australia, her first visit to the continent. With stops in Sydney, Canberra and Melbourne, she met with Prime Minister Tony Abbott, made a number of speeches and offered advice on Australia's asylum-seeker policy.
Australia is now counting down to the 20th International AIDS Conference next July, a major global health and policy conference to be held in Melbourne that is expected to draw delegates from nearly 200 countries.
"This is the premier gathering of people working in the HIV/AIDS field, people living with HIV/AIDS, policy makers and activists," Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs Julie Bishop said Sunday during an introduction for Suu Kyi in Melbourne, according to a transcript published on Bishop's official website.
Of the democracy icon, she added:"Her work for the Burmese people in promoting freedom and democracy, her peaceful campaigning, has made her a global icon, and with all that she has on her plate for the Burmese people, as leader of the National League for Democracy, in facing some challenging times in the years ahead, she has nevertheless agreed to be UNAIDS ambassador for zero discrimination.
"Her work in Southeast Asia fighting against discrimination for people living with HIV/AIDS, her work in promoting early screening and testing and other programs, has been a model for us all."
Bishop added that Australia has invested about A$1 billion (US$915 million) over the past decade in HIV-related programs in the region.
World AIDS Day is commemorated annually on Dec. 1.
According to statistics released by UNAIDS last month, 35 million people globally were living with HIV in 2012, including 4.9 million people in Asia and the Pacific.
Over 20,000 people are living with HIV in Australia, compared with about 200,000 people living with the disease in Burma.
In the Asia-Pacific region, there has been a 26 percent reduction in new HIV infections since 2001, according to UNAIDS, and some countries—including Burma, Nepal, Papua New Guinea and Thailand—have reduced new infections by more than 50 percent.
However, the annual numbers of new infections have remained largely unchanged for the last five years, and emerging epidemics have become evident in some countries, including Indonesia and the Philippines, where new HIV infections more than doubled between 2001 and 2012.
In Burma and elsewhere in the region, populations most at risk for HIV are drug users, sex workers and men who have sex with men. These people often face discrimination, including in access to employment, and many struggle to access adequate treatment.
All countries in the Asia-Pacific have at least one law that hinders the AIDS response, reports UNAIDS, which says 37 countries criminalize some aspects of sex work, 18 countries criminalize same sex relationships and 11 countries have HIV-related restrictions on entry, stay and residence.
In Burma, only about 40 percent of those who required antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV were receiving it at the end of last year, according to medical humanitarian organization Médecins Sans Frontières, the first and biggest provider of ART in the country. Nearly two in 10 people living with HIV in Burma have reported being verbally insulted as a result of their HIV status, while one in 10 reported physical assault, according to surveys by UNAIDS.
Samantha Michaels Reuters


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When you are planning to acquire ceramic tiles to get a tile backsplash, roof tiles, wall tiles and even ceramic tiles for ornamentation there are specific factors to understand in selecting which tile is perfect for the application. Not all tiles are the same as well as the differences can see whether your ceramic tiles hold to the use you are putting them.
For instance, low fire tiles or tiles which have only gone through a bisque firing are often cheaper although not as durable as high fired tiles. Whether or not the tile continues to be glazed, it may still need only been through one firing as well as only a low firing and so the fact of computer being glossy and colorful isn't any indication how the tile has the toughness for a high-fired tile. Greenware - ceramics which has dried however, not been fired, might be glazed which has a low fire glaze and fired with a comparatively low temperature.
This type of cermic tile may not be suitable for certain applications. For example if you plan to make use of the tile to get a backsplash, countertop or tabletop you may need a very durable tile that can support frequent cleaning plus the truth of a countertop or tabletop, some hard use too. Stoneware clays include the the most suitable for this type of use. Stoneware is normally fired to about cone 6 (around 2200 degrees F) and it is quite strong.
In your inquiry, don't stop using what type of clay the tiles are made of. Glazes vary enormously and also so-called 'food-safe' glazes can leach out chemicals, stain and lose their color. Many manufactured tiles are poorly made and won't deal with the uses these are marketed for. Needless to say, there are numerous quite excellent manufactured tiles too and that means you should inquire to be certain. That information however may or otherwise be readily available.
The sort of ornamentation in the ceramic tile is important too. For the ceramic countertop or tabletop, the tiles ought to be flat. For a backsplash the tiles may have low relief but high relief is going to be hard to and also isn't generally advised.
Fireplaces, murals, mosaics and facades can be either flat, have low relief or high relief and low fire glazes are OK in these applications. Take care though with areas that will get much use, for example around a fire where logs will likely be placed or fireplace tools will likely be used. Low fire tiles and glazes can crack or chip a lot more easily than stoneware and high fire glazes. Also, if it is a region that will need frequent cleaning, high relief may prove troublesome.
For ceramic walls in dry areas not at the mercy of much physical contact nearly all type of tile and glaze is adequate. For wet areas flat tiles, low relief tiles and even high relief tiles may be used as long as they may not be inside a hazardous place which a body can inadvertently encounter them. A large frog leaping out of your shower wall at body height may not be recommended.
Flooring presents other challenges, and opportunities. Clearly flooring has to be durable really at high point fire stoneware is the greatest choice. Virtually any relief is just not advised as uneven surfaces can be difficult to walk on, especially for the aged. One more consideration with flooring tiles is slickness. A glossy glaze with a floor just isn't recommended. A heavily textured glaze or even a matte glaze is better.


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Web services are still under development and not ready to be exposed to external users because they are feature incomplete or have not yet been configured with HTTPS.
Instance might be providing services designed to be only consumed by other instances in the project.
Instances should only be reached through dedicated interconnect options from company offices or data centers.
Even when a service is intentionally Internet-facing, it is important that communication with the service be restricted to the target user groups, and occur over secure channels, such as SSH or HTTPS, to protect sensitive information.
This article demonstrates several methods for securing communications with Compute Engine instances with or without external IP addresses.
When instances have a public IP address, it is important that only the services and traffic you intend to be exposed are reachable, and for those that are exposed, any sensitive information is secured in transit.
Your first line of defense is to restrict who can reach the instance using firewalls. By creating firewall rules, you can restrict all traffic to a network or target machines on a given set of ports to specific source IP addresses.
Firewalls are not a standalone solution. Restricting traffic to specific source IPs does not protect sensitive information, such as login credentials, commands that create or destroy resources or files, or logs. When running a web service on a publicly-accessible machine, such as a Google Compute Engine instance with an external IP, you need to encrypt all communication between your host and the deployed instance to ensure proper security.
In addition, firewalls aren't always the appropriate solution. For example, firewalls are not ideal for development environments that do not have static IP addresses, such as roaming laptops.
Register the certificate with your HTTPS load balancer and its connected instances, or configure an SSL-terminated web server or proxy on one or more Compute Engine instances.
If you have set up SSL-serving domains before, it should be straightforward to do the same with Google Compute Engine. If not, you might find it easier to use a different security method, such as port forwarding or SOCKS proxy.
You can use the gcloud command-line tool to start a server on a given local port that forwards all traffic to a remote host over an SSH connection.
example-instance is the name of the instance to which you'd like to connect.
my-project is your Google Cloud Platform project ID.
us-central1-a is the zone in which your instance is running.
2222 is the local port you're listening on.
8888 is the remote port you're connecting to.
With these example settings, if you open http://localhost:2222/ in your browser, the HTTP connection will go over the SSH tunnel you have just created over to your remote host and connect to the specified instance via SSH and then connect to port 8888 on the same machine, but over an encrypted, secure SSH connection.
The gcloud command creates and maintains an SSH connection, and this approach only works while the SSH session is active. As soon as you exit the SSH session that gcloud creates, port forwarding via http://localhost:2222/ will stop working.
Alternatively, you can run a new gcloud command each time to create a separate tunnel. Note that you cannot add or remove port forwarding from an existing connection without exiting and re-establishing the connection from scratch.
If you want to connect to a number of different hosts in your cloud deployment, the easiest way to do so is to change your browser to do the lookups directly from your network. This approach allows you to use the short name of the hosts instead of looking up each host's IP address, opening up ports for each service, or creating an SSH tunnel for each host/port pair.
Set up a single SSH tunnel to one of the hosts on the network, and create a SOCKS proxy on that host.
Change the browser configuration to do all the lookups via that SOCKS proxy host.
Note that because you are tunneling all traffic via that host, you don't want to browse the web in general using that browser or that specific profile, as you will use your cloud service's bandwidth for this. In general, you might want to use a separate browser profile and switch to it when necessary.
example-instance is the name of the instance to which you would like to connect.
1080 is the local port you're listening on.
Note that, in this case, you don't need to specify a remote port. Because a SOCKS proxy does not bind to any specific remote port, any connection you make via the SOCKS proxy will be resolved relative to the host you connect to.
By using a SOCKS proxy, you can connect to any instance that shares a Compute Engine network with your proxy instance by using the instance's short name. In addition, you can connect to any port on a given instance.
This approach is much more flexible than the simple port-forwarding method, but will also require you to change the settings in your web browser to utilize the proxy.
Next, configure either Chrome or Firefox to use the proxy.
Chrome uses system-wide proxy settings by default, so you need to specify a different proxy using command-line flags. Launching Chrome by default creates an instance of an already-running profile, so to enable you to run multiple copies of Chrome simultaneously, one that's using the proxy and others that are not, you need a new profile.
Launch Chrome using a new profile. It will be created automatically if it does not exist.
Be sure to set the localhost port to the same value that you used in the gcloud command earlier (1080 in our example).
Before changing these settings, you might want to create a new Firefox profile. Otherwise, it will affect all instances of Firefox to use that host as a proxy, which is likely not what you want.
Click Advanced > Networks > Settings to open the Connection Settings dialog.
Choose the option Manual proxy configuration.
In the SOCKS Host section, fill in localhost as the host and the port you selected when you ran the gcloud command earlier.
Check the box Remote DNS.
Leave all other entries blank.
Click OK and close the Preferences dialog box.
When instances do not have external IP addresses they can only be reached by other instances on the network, or via managed VPN gateway. You can provision instances in your network to act as trusted relays for inbound connections (bastion hosts) or network egress (NAT Gateways). For more transparent connectivity without setting up such connections, you can use a managed VPN gateway resource.
Bastion hosts provide an external facing point of entry into a network containing private network instances. This host can provide a single point of fortification or audit and can be started and stopped to enable or disable inbound SSH communication from the Internet.
By using a bastion host, you can connect to an instance that does not have an external IP address. This approach allows you to connect to a development environment or manage the database instance for your external application, for example, without configuring additional firewall rules.
Limit the CIDR range of source IPs that can communicate with the bastion.
Configure firewall rules to allow SSH traffic to private instances from only the bastion host.
By default, SSH on instances is configured to use private keys for authentication. When using a bastion host, you log into the bastion host first, and then into your target private instance. Because of this two-step login, which is why bastion hosts are sometimes called "jump servers," you should use ssh forwarding instead of storing the target machine's private key on the bastion host as a way of reaching the target machine. You need to do this even if using the same key-pair for both bastion and target instances, as the bastion has direct access to only the public half of the key-pair.
To learn how to use a bastion host instance to connect to other instances on your Google Cloud Platform network, and to learn how to use ssh forwarding, see Connecting to instances that do not have external IP addresses.
Cloud VPN lets you connect your existing network to your Google Cloud Platform network via an IPsec connection to a VPN gateway device. This allows direct routing of traffic from your premises to the private IP interfaces of Compute Engine instances. Traffic is encrypted as it transits over public links to Google.
For details on setting up, configuring, and using VPN with Compute Engine, see the Cloud VPN documentation.
To learn how to connect to instances on your Cloud Platform network through an existing VPN rather than through external IP addresses of instances, read Connecting to instances that do not have external IP addresses.
When an instance does not have an external IP address assigned it can not make direct connections to external services, including other Cloud Platform services. To allow these instances to reach services on the public Internet, you can set up and configure a NAT gateway machine, which can route traffic on behalf of any instance on the network. Be aware that a single instance should not be considered highly available, and can not support high traffic throughput for multiple instances.
When an instance doesn't have an external IP address, you might still need to interact with the instance for troubleshooting or maintenance purposes. Setting up a Bastion host is one option but might require more setup than worthwhile for your needs. If you want to troubleshoot an instance without an external IP address, consider enabling interactive access on the serial console, which allows you to interact with an instance's serial console using SSH and run commands against the serial console.
To learn more, read Interacting with the Serial Console.
Instances that are backends for HTTPS and SSL proxy load balancers do not have to have external IP addresses.
To learn more, read the load balancing documentation for those load balancers.


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Thomisus candidus is een spinnensoort in de taxonomische indeling van de krabspinnen (Thomisidae).

Het dier behoort tot het geslacht Thomisus. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1866 door John Blackwall.

Krabspinnen


To make it the least overwhelming event possible.
Forty years ago, during America's 1976 bicentennial celebration, the third edition of the Boston Pops Fireworks Spectacular earned a spot in the Guinness Book of World Records for the largest audience in the history of orchestral concerts, with more than 400,000 people in attendance.
The 2016 edition of the annual Fourth of July Boston Pops Fireworks Spectacular promises to be a great show, as well. Beyond the always amazing performances by the Boston Symphony Orchestra under the direction of conductor Keith Lockhart, pop stars Nick Jonas and Demi Lovato and country music group Little Big Town will be performing. But the most compelling reason to check out this year's show is that the Boston Pops Fireworks Spectacular as we know it might be coming to an end.
The Boston Globe reports that longtime steward David Mugar is set to retire this year, and after 43 years, more than 40,000 hours, and more than $20 million of his own money committed to the holiday concert series, he has been unable to find a corporate sponsor willing to cover the roughly $2 million in annual expenses for the event.
While it is hard to believe that such a beloved Boston tradition could come to a sudden end, finding a way to see this year's light display takes on a slightly greater degree of importance. With that in mind, here is everything you need to know about watching this year's Fourth of July fireworks spectacular.
The fireworks display doesn't get going until 10:30 p.m. on Monday, but the concert begins at 8:30 p.m., and if you want a good view, you will want to head down even earlier. If you don't want to brave the crowds on the Fourth, Lockhart and the Pops will be doing a rehearsal on July 3 at 8:30 p.m.—that usually draws a large but more manageable crowd. You can view the full schedule of events here.
That depends on where you want to watch from. Entrance to The Oval (the grassy area surrounding the Hatch Shell) begins at 9 a.m., but the line to get in begins forming hours earlier. Once you're in, you are given a wristband that lets you move in and out, but it will begin to get packed in the late afternoon and will be completely impassable by dinnertime. That said, this year might be even crazier: The Fourth of July doesn't usually feature free concerts from pop stars with the stature of Lovato, Jonas, and Little Big Town, so unless you want to get beaten out for a spot by crazed hordes of Lovatics, the earlier, the better.
For those seeking a spot along the banks of the Charles River, there will be speakers spread along both the Boston and Cambridge shores, so you'll be able to hear everything perfectly. If you're hoping to snag a riverside view, staking out a spot around 6 p.m. should get the job done, Spots will be sparse by 7:30 p.m.
Festival organizers highly recommend utilizing public transportation, which will be free after 9:30 p.m. on the Fourth. Storrow Drive begins closing lanes on July 3, and there are multiple other road closures prior to the celebration. Those who plan to go to the Hatch Shell via the T should get off at Charles MGH on the Red Line or Arlington on the Green Line.
If spending the entire day at the Hatch Shell doesn't appeal to you, the river-adjacent lawns are too packed, and you don't have a boat to launch on the river or friends who have roof access at a nearby office or apartment, there are plenty of other spots in the Boston area from where it's worth watching the show.
An important thing to note: The traditionally popular viewing spots on the Longfellow Bridge and Mass Ave. Bridge are closed to the public. That means the only Charles River bridge you can get on this year is the BU Bridge.
Somerville's fireworks will be held on June 30, so there's no need to worry about any clouding of your view from this scenic hilltop.
The town of Arlington capitalizes on having one of the best suburban views of the skyline by setting up speakers and television screens on this expansive hillside park.
One of the peaks in the Middlesex Fells Reservation, Wright's Tower is known for its perfect view of the Boston skyline. Don't climb the actual tower, though: Officials keep it closed for safety reasons.
With its pristine green lawns and a piece of Revolutionary War history towering above you, Bunker Hill is a great place to sit and watch.
If you're planning on making a full day out of it, definitely take either a blanket or chairs to sit on, a deck of cards or a football to entertain yourself, and some water to stay hydrated. Rain or shine, you should think hard about your footwear—road closures will mean a good deal of walking to get to your desired location, and flip-flops may not cut it.
Security has been extremely tight ever since the Boston Marathon bombings, and many items you wouldn't normally think twice about are not allowed at the Hatch Shell. If you want to bring a cooler, for example, it cannot be on wheels. No backpacks or large bags are allowed, while small purses or bags will undergo an extensive search. If you have more to bring than fits in a small purse, it must be carried in a clear plastic bag. All liquids must be carried in sealed plastic containers not exceeding two liters in size, and no alcoholic beverages are allowed. You can check out the full list of banned items here.
The Boston Pops Fireworks Spectacular is only one of more than 20 fireworks displays in Massachusetts on July 4, so if the prospective crowds seem overwhelming, there should be another great option in a town near you. But if you want to watch a truly awe-inspiring fireworks display broadcast on television nationwide, this guide should help get the job done.


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Hunt for international fugitive hits snag
(Photo: File)
By Deidre Fanene, 02/20/2017
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The Police's bid to bring back a prisoner who escaped from Tafa'igata Prison and managed to skip the country has hit a snag.
While they have relocated Valufitu Fiu Uolilo in Australia, it turns out the convict is an Australian citizen and has applied to an Australian Court that he not be sent back to Samoa serve the rest of his jail sentence.
Uolilo was jailed for causing actual bodily harm and being armed with a dangerous weapon.
Police Spokesperson, Su'a Muliaga Tiumalu, confirmed the latest development.
"I know Police Commissioner Fuiavailili Egon Keil told the media that Valufitu Uolilo has been captured," he said.
"However Uolilo had made a plea to the Court in Australia which we understand has been granted by the Court."
Su'a could not explain how the Court in Australia could stop a Samoan fugitive from being sent back to Samoa to serve the rest of his term.
"All we know at this stage is that the prisoner is an Australian citizen and so at the moment he cannot be deported from Australia to Samoa.
"According to reports from the Transitional Crimes Unit, an appeal has already been made to the Court with regards to this issue.
"So if the appeal is successful then this man will be brought back to the country to answer to the accusations against him."
It was not possible to get a comment from the Australian government at press time.
Last year, Police Commissioner Fuiavailili Egon Keil announced that Uolilo had been found by Australian authorities and was scheduled to be sent back.
"He is going through a legal process in Australia and they have to decide whether to deport him or keep him there," said Fuiavailili at the time.
Fuiavailili told the Samoa Observer then that the process could take months or years.
He said the Transnational Crimes Unit had been in contact with the Australian Federal Police about the matter.
"I don't know why someone would want to keep a criminal there especially an escaped prisoner, I would rather have that person out of my country as well but that's their opinion. They are going to do what they need to do.
"We did the best we could with the resources we have. We are just going to hang tight until we hear anything else from Australia."
Fuiavailili also thanked the Australian Government and their law enforcement for playing their part and said they are still cooperating with them on the legal framework.
More charges dropped in nonu trial, senior M.P. La'auli testifies
More charges against senior Member of Parliament, La'aulialemalietoa Leuatea Polataivao and others, in relation to a nonu company trial, have been dropped. The decision follows the prosecution filing amended charges on Monday in the Supreme Court. Some 134 charges have been reduced to 49 charges.
By Lanuola Tusani Tupufia - Ah Tong 07/15/2019
Tonga bids to host 2027 Pacific Games
Tonga is putting its hand up to host the 2027 Pacific Games. The bid comes two years after it pulled the plug on the 2019 edition of the region's largest sporting event, which then compelled Samoa to bid to take on the challenge.
Minister defends Pacific Games live streaming ban
Federated States of Micronesia (F.S.M.) Chef De Mission Alik Jackson decries the ban on live streaming, saying it is stopping families back home from seeing their athletes participate.
By Joyetter Feagaimaali'i 07/16/2019
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Anti Ageing Cream (Symmetry) by The Edinburgh Natural Skincare Co.
Hot on the heels of Symmetry Anti ageing face serum came our next creation. An anti ageing cream for the face was an obvious addition to our growing range of first class, 100% natural products. Out came the mixing spoons, scales, white coats, magic wand and we got to work!
A brief explanation of our products is required at this point. Every cream, balm, serum or oil blend we make is free of any water. This is known as an "Anhydrous" product. It's important to know why we use this method. By making "Anhydrous" products, we have no need to use preservatives such as Parabens.
The reason Parabens are used, and found in most big brands, is to stop the water content in creams going off. Why use water in an anti-ageing cream in the first place? There's a simple and obvious answer to that. It's simply to water down the expensive ingredients found in creams to increase profits for the manufacturers…Naughty!
So, no water means that our creams are literally full of the best ingredients we can source and also with the added benefit of a 30-month shelf life. Enough of the chemistry lesson for now.
Back to Symmetry Anti-ageing face cream. We started with a base of virgin organic unrefined Shea Butter. This is the best! We absolutely love this product. We melt it and pour it through four sheets of butter muslin first. This is the onlynrefining process we use and is absolutely free of any harmful chemical intervention. Coconut Oil, certified eco-sustainable Palm Oil, Beeswax, which we also filter, is added.
We then add Blackcurrant seed oil, Walnut oil and our Symmetry essential oil blend to the cream before carefully mixing and finally filling the jars by hand. An anti-ageing cream for connoisseurs of fine quality.
Apply a very small amount to the finger tips and gently rub into the face in a small circular motion.
Just tested this face cream… It's beautiful! I love the smell and it makes my skin so soft. Magic!
At first I was skeptic to put oil on my already oily face. I bought the product because it smelled amazing. I began using it only at night. It was incredible the results really started to show after one week of using it. I get compliments all the time about my skin. I love this product! It's the best!
I've been using this Symmetry cream daily for the last 8 months or so since purchasing a jar of it on a trip to Edinburgh. I absolutely love this product. I live in Canada and it's been very effective at protecting and nourishing my sensitive skin through the extreme hot and cold seasons. And it doesn't take much, I still have quite a bit left! It also smells so so good.


I stopped by a bookstore and bought and interesting book. When the battle ended, not a Texan was left alive. This makes sense. I am far from satisfied with the result. This makes absolutely no sense. The barbells are heavy. They never came back. Giovanni was in jail that night so he has the perfect alibi. But Dad won't like it. Pack what you need.
I will check your game tomorrow. This is not so fun. Have you got any other fun facts for us? You and I both know you were the one who stole Stewart's bicycle. They look healthy. Did Calvin do something wrong? Phone me the news. I got a rash from poison ivy. The house was in a blaze. I've still got work to do.
An American company based in Colorado recently demonstrated a new method by which it will be possible to recycle and speed up old computers, in effect transforming them into current machines. What if we don't find Mickey? He's eating an apple. Any man that tries to rob me of my dignity will lose. Her name was changed to protect her identity. She dried her eyes with my new sweatshirt. The story ends with his death. We talked about what we could do. Luis solved the mystery. I think I've seen this movie before.
I was much impressed by his story. Find this function's global maximum and global minimum. I just need my own space. This looks delicious. No arrests were made on Monday. I was literally pushed to school. That's a lot of money. Are you a policeman? Honestly, it's all or nothing. Julie has been studying French for years.
Anyone up for a game of poker? Could you shut up for a second? May I borrow this pen? His work is concerned with international trade. There's a lot to see and do in Boston. I made a lot of trips to the employment bureau before I found a job. Turkeer wanted me to come. The price was outrageous. They finished 13th. I'm not going to the movies tomorrow.
He tries hard. Dana and Juan both dropped by. If you don't come to me, I'll come to you. There is a discrepancy of 145 dollars in my June credit card statement. I'll work alone. I didn't know Tigger was unhappy. She teaches yoga. She loves Rafik. Everyone has the right to personal liberty. My father's a doctor.
I know you have to go back to Boston. I need to work on that. Eddie has been very unhappy. Today there isn't a cloud in the sky, what a blue sky! Don't tease me. Miriamne isn't fooling me. It really suits you. Rebecca and I used to work together. Keep your purse and your mouth closed. I waste a lot of time daydreaming.
Where is the emergency exit? She's American. Did you write anything in your diary today? I think Teresa felt a bit threatened. Pam brought each of us a gift. You probably don't want to talk to me. The woman you were talking to at that time was my sister. Children learn by watching what adults around them do. Are you still in love with your wife? There's a lot of rain in June.
He's such a sweetheart. I wish we could offer you some help. Don't be afraid of making mistakes. Orville picked the book off the floor. I'll go to Hokkaido next month with my friend. I didn't think you could keep it a secret. Her words made me mad. I'll make you happy. He ran and ran, but could not catch up with his dog. Do you speak Greek? - Not yet, that's my first lesson!
She had the box carried downstairs. I got nervous. He's a lifeguard. I was afraid I might not be able to do it correctly. You sell shoes, don't you? I dance in my living room all the time. That sounds like a joke. The main thing that dreams lack is consistency. Did Betty leave a suicide note? Stop or I'll shoot.


Brother Top, a professor in the religion department at BYU, teaches how the Lord is both merciful and just during the Easter Conference at BYU March 29, 2013. Photo by Marianne Holman.
Both justice and mercy are integral by-products of the Atonement of Jesus Christ.
God is perfectly loving and long-suffering, but His word is clear in His expectations and requirements of His children.
The plan of salvation provides for those who never had an opportunity to come unto Christ during their lifetime.
Strengthen your faith in the Resurrection through the witness of the Apostles.
Feeling discouraged? Learn more about the Savior's grace.
Find resources for teaching and learning about Easter.
The Savior's mercy is the very essence of the message of Easter, said Brent L. Top during the Easter Conference held at BYU on March 29.
He went on to ask how the scriptures show that God's word is clear in His expectations and requirements of His children.
Since there are exceptions or provisions for the many who have not had or will not have the opportunity to learn of the gospel while on the earth, there needs to be mercy, he taught.


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Merging silos: MCHRI awardee assembles transdisciplinary team and combines data sources to track children's activity
Manisha Desai, PhD, and a team of Stanford researchers received a Transdisciplinary Initiatives Program award of $200,000 from the Stanford Maternal and Child Health Research Institute to find the most effective methodologies for measuring children's physical activity and sleep. (Photo courtesy of Unsplash)
By Laura Hedli
If someone goes for a run free of a phone, Fitbit, or other device that records activity, did it really happen? Well, it depends on how you look at it.
As medicine begins to rely more heavily on technology to measure health, Professor of Medicine and of Biomedical Data Science, Manisha Desai, PhD, is researching optimal approaches for analyzing data collected from wearable devices, otherwise known as accelerometry data.
Today, gadgets and gizmos aplenty track our movements to an unprecedented degree. In fact, a typical smartphone can record activity up to 100 times per second. The challenge becomes then how to make sense of such busy and often incomplete data.
Dr. Desai, who is the Director of the Quantitative Sciences Unit, assembled a community of researchers from the Schools of Medicine and Engineering with diverse backgrounds including biostatistics, bioinformatics, pediatric medicine, sleep medicine, public health, computer science, bioengineering, and mechanical engineering. In 2015, the team received a Transdisciplinary Initiatives Program (TIP) award of $200,000 from the Stanford Maternal and Child Health Research Institute (MCHRI); Dr. Desai was the Principal Investigator. She and her colleagues proposed studying and applying the strengths of their respective disciplines in order to find the most effective methodologies for measuring children's physical activity and sleep.
Such enormous amounts of mobile device data have outpaced the research community's ability to interpret them. Traditional methodologies have relied on crude cut-points based on step count to group physical activity level into categories like "vigorous," "moderate," or "light." Dr. Desai and her team wanted to take a more nuanced approach by assessing the timing and frequency of activity in order to understand how patterns of activity may affect outcomes like body mass index (BMI) or cholesterol.
"We saw a real sparsity in the literature and a real need for new methods," Dr. Desai says.
The TIP award was the genesis for the team's novel mobile health data research and propelled Dr. Desai to apply for funding from the National Institutes of Health. In 2018, after receiving a strong score that ultimately did not result in a fundable award, she applied for and received a MCHRI Bridge Support award for $100,000.
The Bridge Award allowed the team to retool their aims and complete preliminary findings to develop a new proposal for a grant sponsored by the National Library of Medicine. Last month, Dr. Desai received news that the proposal received a score in the 2nd percentile. She is hopeful she will receive the award for a start date this fall.
Manisha Desai, PhD, Professor of Medicine and of Biomedical Data Science and Thomas Robinson, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine
A tale of two datasets
Prior to applying for the TIP Award, Dr. Desai had been collaborating with Professor of Medicine Tom Robinson, MD, MPH, on a multi-center randomized controlled trial to reduce obesity in children. Known as the Stanford GOALS study, the intervention took place over several years where 260 children, ages 7-11, were asked to wear accelerometers for one week annually. Meanwhile, the research team collected physiologic, behavioral, and psychosocial data on the participants.
"It is a really rich data source," Dr. Desai remarks of the GOALS study. "Here we were actually recording their movements, and in a continuous and real-time uncontrolled environment. It's a longitudinal dataset with time-series snapshots of physical activity."
Drs. Desai and Robinson thought the GOALS dataset would be ideal for testing methodologies; however, for all its real-world strengths there were critical problems the researchers had to tackle before they could begin to correlate children's patterns of behavior with health outcomes.
First, even though they had asked the children to wear the accelerometers for a week each year, sometimes participants only wore the device for a day or three out of the seven requested. How would the researchers account then for non-wear time?
Second, the accelerometer was always recording even if it wasn't being worn. So, the signal the accelerometer recorded when a child was relaxing on the couch looked very similar to the signal recorded when the device was sitting in a drawer. How would they distinguish missing data from sedentary activity?
For comparison, they TIP Award team used another dataset with no missing data and chock full of recordings of sedentary activity. The Stanford Accelerometer Sleep Study, collected by Dr. Robinson and Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Clete Kushida, MD, PhD, represents data from 200 children, ages 2-17.
Accelerometers recorded the children's movements during an overnight polysomnography at Stanford's Sleep Medicine Center. Wake and sleep time, active-wear and non-wear time, as well as the five stages of sleep have all been verified using polysomnographic recordings and video observation. While the Stanford Accelerometer Sleep Study is a limited dataset, its strength is its completeness and inclusion of true labels of non-wear time.
An example of what an accelerometer data looks like taken over a day long period. Movement is recorded in three different directions – horizontal, vertical, and perpendicular – as indicated by the three colors. (Photo courtesy of Manisha Desai)
An ensemble approach
Given the transdisciplinary nature of the research, the team met regularly to learn about best practice methodologies that are used in different fields to assess large amounts of data with lots of noise. Experts in each field led the discussions, and two postdocs tracked the team's progress across disciplines.
Together, the researchers made new discoveries. For example, they found that combining machine learning algorithms, known as an ensemble approach, performed better at classifying non-wear periods than any one individual machine learning or statistical method. In addition, some machine learnings methods, like hidden Markov Models, performed worse than they had anticipated, but still proved useful in improving predictions when included in the ensemble.
"An ensemble approach says let's exploit information from multiple learners because we don't know exactly which method or learner is going to do the best," Dr. Desai explains. "If our goal is to predict whether this state I'm in is non-wear or sedentary behavior, I'm going to borrow strength across multiple learners in some fashion."
In addition, multiple imputation methods can be effective in filling in the missing pieces about non-wear periods, but how to apply such methods is not straightforward in the presence of time-series data sampled at such high frequencies. The researchers found that it was preferable to include data from all days and participants rather than tossing out incomplete recordings of days with limited hours or from participants with only a few complete days of wear. It's standard practice to exclude partial information, but multiple imputation methods allowed for the inclusion of more data and improved upon the bias introduced by exclusion.
The team is now working with a third dataset – a simulated dataset – to test their ensemble methodology as well as their missing data methods. This simulated dataset marks the beginning of the next step of the project, which aims to define what patterns of physical activity correlate with outcomes like reductions in body mass index (BMI).
The researchers will generate a complete simulated accelerometer dataset for hypothetical persons that captures a key relationship: For example, more physical activity = lower BMI. Then, they will introduce random, expected noise into the dataset and eliminate certain data to mimic missing information in a real-world dataset. Given the investigators know the true relationship between physical activity and BMI in the simulated data, they can evaluate the performance of various methods by recording and comparing how well the methods capture that known relationship.
We're all in our little world working on our own thing. It's so surprising to come out of that world and see that other people are working on similar topics, but from a different perspective.
How will it work in the real world
Dr. Desai and her team have logged five years of work and are just now working on clustering patterns of activity using children's baseline data from the GOALS study. Their ongoing efforts underscore how challenging it is to measure mobile health data in a meaningful way.
"I think it brings up really terrific opportunities having so much data, but I think that we have to be really careful about how we process and analyze this data," Dr. Desai says. The future of medicine, she suspects, might involve providers routinely grabbing data from a patient's device and informing and intervening based on what they observe.
To that end, the researchers are working on making open source software available to the public for analyzing accelerometer data. Others will be able to learn from examples and build upon the ensemble methodology to suit specific needs. Money from the MCHRI TIP award supported initial development of the software.
Dr. Desai still meets weekly with the researchers on the project, crediting MCHRI with giving her the time and means to learn about the importance of integrating ideas from computer science, engineering, physical activity, and pediatric medicine into methods development.
"It's definitely prevalent at Stanford to be siloed," Dr. Desai says. "We're all in our little world working on our own thing. It's so surprising to come out of that world and see that other people are working on similar topics, but from a different perspective."
The MCHRI TIP award represents an opportunity to join different perspectives into a unified and new approach to tackling a particular problem. Dr. Desai is convinced that the transdisciplinary approach will result in a set of tools for accelerometer studies that is much improved over what would have been created from investigators coming from the same discipline.
Laura Hedli is a writer for the Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine in the Department of Pediatrics and contributes stories to the Stanford Maternal and Child Health Research Institute.


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Four One One July 24, 2018
"They take my words and twist it," R. Kelly hits back in 19-minute song
VIDEO: Cuban doctor scolded for twerking in club on off-day
Bobi Wine's brother released after spending 11 days in Luzira prison
In this AFP file photo taken on November 24, 2013 R Kelly arrives for the 2013 American Music Awards at the Nokia Theatre L.A. Live in downtown Los Angeles, California. Singer R. Kelly, the target of a boycott campaign over his treatment of women, hit back on July 23, 2018 in a 19-minute song in which he reveals he was abused himself.
Frederic J. BROWN / AFP
Singer R. Kelly, the target of a boycott campaign over his treatment of women, hit back Monday in a 19-minute song in which he reveals he was abused himself.
Entitled "I Admit," the marathon song nonetheless is heavier on denials than acknowledgement as the "I Believe I Can Fly" star vents frustration over the stream of allegations against him.
"I never thought it would come to this, to be the most disrespected artist," he sings over a mid-tempo R&B beat.
"So I had to write a song about this, 'cause they always take my words and twist it."
Halfway through the song, Kelly says that a family member touched him sexually from a young age until he was 14.
"So scared to say something / So I just put the blame on me / Now here I am, and I'm trying my best to be honest."
The Time's Up movement for gender equality has urged the music industry to part ways with Kelly in the wake of Bill Cosby's conviction, calling for a world in which women "can pursue their dreams free from sexual assault, abuse and predatory behavior."
Kelly was acquitted in 2008 of charges of child pornography after a video allegedly showed him in sexual acts with an underage girl.
More recently, a woman in Dallas complained to police that Kelly knowingly gave her a sexually transmitted disease and BuzzFeed News published an expose in which it said that the singer was keeping six women in virtual slavery with control over their diets, clothing and sex lives.
Kelly, 51, in the song suggests racial bias and draws a contrast with positive portrayals of late Playboy founder Hugh Hefner, known for his multiple relationships with younger women.
Kelly admits sex with "both older and young ladies" but adds: "Really, am I supposed to go to jail or lose my career because of your opinions?"
He also chides celebrities who have turned on him including singer John Legend as well as top streaming service Spotify, which briefly removed him from playlists as part of a crackdown.
"I'm not convicted / Not arrested / Dragged my name in the dirt," he sings.
Related Items19 minute songboycottfeaturedI admitR. KellySexual abuse