text:
@interface TestClass : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *string;
@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL kvoTestCalled;
- (void)testCall;
- (void)testCallAndExecuteBlock:(dispatch_block_t)block;
@end

@implementation TestClass

- (void)testCall {
    NSLog(@"Original call");
}

- (void)testCallAndExecuteBlock:(dispatch_block_t)block {
    block();
}

- (CGRect)testThatReturnsAStruct {
    return CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100);
}

@end

@interface TestWithCustomForwardInvocation : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL forwardInvocationCalled;
- (void)test;
@end

@implementation TestWithCustomForwardInvocation

- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)aSelector {
    if (aSelector == NSSelectorFromString(@"non_existing_selector")) {
        return [NSMethodSignature signatureWithObjCTypes:"v@:"];
    }
    return [super methodSignatureForSelector:aSelector];
}

- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation {
    NSLog(@"Custom!!!");
    self.forwardInvocationCalled = YES;
    if (anInvocation.selector != NSSelectorFromString(@"non_existing_selector")) {
        [super forwardInvocation:anInvocation];
    }
}

- (void)test {
    NSLog(@"%s", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
}

@end

@interface AspectsTests : XCTestCase @end

@implementation AspectsTests

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark - Generic Hook Tests

- (void)testInsteadHook {
    // Test object replacement for UILabel.
    UILabel *testLabel = [UILabel new];
    testLabel.text = @"Default text";
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel.text, @"Default text", @"Must match");
    id aspect = [testLabel aspect_hookSelector:@selector(text) withOptions:AspectPositionInstead usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        NSInvocation *invocation = arguments.lastObject;
        NSString *customText = @"Custom Text";
        [invocation setReturnValue:&customText];
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel.text, @"Custom Text", @"Must match");

    // Test second object, and ensure that this doesn't change the override of the first object.
    UILabel *testLabel2 = [UILabel new];
    testLabel2.text = @"Default text2";
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel2.text, @"Default text2", @"Must match");
    id aspect2 = [testLabel2 aspect_hookSelector:@selector(text) withOptions:AspectPositionInstead usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        NSInvocation *invocation = arguments.lastObject;
        NSString *customText = @"Custom Text2";
        [invocation setReturnValue:&customText];
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel2.text, @"Custom Text2", @"Must match");

    // Globally override.
    id globalAspect = [UILabel aspect_hookSelector:@selector(text) withOptions:AspectPositionInstead usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        NSInvocation *invocation = arguments.lastObject;
        NSString *customText = @"Global";
        [invocation setReturnValue:&customText];
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel2.text, @"Custom Text2", @"Must match");

    UILabel *testLabel3 = [UILabel new];
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel3.text, @"Global", @"Must match");
    testLabel3.text = @"Test";
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel3.text, @"Global", @"Must match");
    XCTAssertTrue([globalAspect remove], @"Must work");
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel3.text, @"Test", @"Must match");

    // Test that removing an aspect returns the original.
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel.text, @"Custom Text", @"Must match");
    XCTAssertTrue([aspect remove], @"Must return YES");
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testLabel.text, @"Default text", @"Must match");
    XCTAssertFalse([aspect remove], @"Must return NO");

    XCTAssertTrue([aspect2 remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
}

- (void)testAspectsCalledPerObject {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL called = NO;
    id aspect = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCall) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        called = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertTrue(called, @"Flag must have been set.");

    TestClass *testClass2 = [TestClass new];
    called = NO;
    [testClass2 testCall];
    XCTAssertFalse(called, @"Flag must have been NOT set.");

    XCTAssertTrue([aspect remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
}

- (void)testExecutionOrderAndMultipleRegistation {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL called_before = NO;
    __block BOOL called_after  = NO;
    __block BOOL called_after2 = NO;
    id aspect_before = [TestClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCallAndExecuteBlock:) withOptions:AspectPositionBefore usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        called_before = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    id aspect_after = [TestClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCallAndExecuteBlock:) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        called_after2 = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    id aspect_after2 = [TestClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCallAndExecuteBlock:) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        called_after = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    [testClass testCallAndExecuteBlock:^{
        XCTAssertTrue(called_before, @"Flag must have been set.");
        XCTAssertFalse(called_after, @"Flag must have not been set.");
        XCTAssertFalse(called_after2, @"Flag must have not been set.");
    }];

    XCTAssertTrue(called_before, @"Flag must have been set.");
    XCTAssertTrue(called_after, @"Flag must have been set.");
    XCTAssertTrue(called_after2, @"Flag must have been set.");

    XCTAssertTrue([aspect_after remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
    XCTAssertTrue([aspect_before remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
    XCTAssertTrue([aspect_after2 remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
    XCTAssertFalse([aspect_after remove], @"Must not be able to deregister twice");
    XCTAssertFalse([aspect_before remove], @"Must not be able to deregister twice");
    XCTAssertFalse([aspect_after2 remove], @"Must not be able to deregister twice");
}

- (void)testExample {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];
    TestClass *testClass2 = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL testCallCalled = NO;
    id aspectToken = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCall) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        testCallCalled = YES;
    } error:NULL];

    [testClass2 testCallAndExecuteBlock:^{
        [testClass testCall];
    }];
    XCTAssertTrue(testCallCalled, @"Calling testCallAndExecuteBlock must call testCall");
    XCTAssertTrue([aspectToken remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
}

- (void)testStructReturn {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];
    CGRect rect = [testClass testThatReturnsAStruct];
    id aspect = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testThatReturnsAStruct) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
    } error:NULL];

    CGRect rectHooked = [testClass testThatReturnsAStruct];
    XCTAssertTrue(CGRectEqualToRect(rect, rectHooked), @"Must be equal");
    XCTAssertTrue([aspect remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
}

- (void)testHookReleaseIsNotAllowed {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL testCallCalled = NO;
    id aspectToken = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:NSSelectorFromString(@"release") withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        testCallCalled = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertNil(aspectToken, @"Token must be nil");

    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertFalse(testCallCalled, @"Release should not be hookable");
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark - Test dealloc hooking

// Hooking for deallic is delicate, but should work for AspectPositionBefore and AspectPositionAfter.
- (void)testDeallocHooking {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL testCallCalled = NO;
    __block id aspectToken = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:NSSelectorFromString(@"dealloc") withOptions:AspectPositionBefore usingBlock:^(id object, NSArray *arguments) {
        testCallCalled = YES;
        NSLog(@"called from dealloc");
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertNotNil(aspectToken, @"Must return a token.");

    testClass = nil;
    XCTAssertTrue(testCallCalled, @"Dealloc-hook must work.");
}

// Replacing dealloc should not work.
- (void)testDeallocReplacing {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    NSError *error;
    __block BOOL deallocCalled = NO;
    id aspectToken = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:NSSelectorFromString(@"dealloc") withOptions:AspectPositionInstead usingBlock:^(id object, NSArray *arguments) {
        deallocCalled = YES;
        NSLog(@"called from dealloc");
    } error:&error];
    XCTAssertNil(aspectToken, @"Must NOT return a token.");
    XCTAssertEqual(error.code, AspectsErrorSelectorDeallocPosition, @"Error must be correct");

    testClass = nil;
    XCTAssertFalse(deallocCalled, @"Dealloc-hook must not work.");
}

- (void)testInvalidSelectorHooking {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];
    NSError *error;
    __block id aspectToken = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:NSSelectorFromString(@"fakeSelector") withOptions:AspectPositionBefore usingBlock:^(id object, NSArray *arguments) {
    } error:&error];
    XCTAssertNil(aspectToken, @"Must return nil token.");
    XCTAssertEqual(error.code, AspectsErrorDoesNotRespondToSelector, @"Error code must match");
}

- (void)testInvalidGlobalSelectorHooking {
    NSError *error;
    __block id aspectToken = [TestClass aspect_hookSelector:NSSelectorFromString(@"fakeSelector2") withOptions:AspectPositionBefore usingBlock:^(id object, NSArray *arguments) {
    } error:&error];
    XCTAssertNil(aspectToken, @"Must return nil token.");
    XCTAssertEqual(error.code, AspectsErrorDoesNotRespondToSelector, @"Error code must match");
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark - Test Deregistration

- (void)testInstanceTokenDeregistration {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL testCallCalled = NO;
    id aspectToken = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCall) withOptions:AspectPositionInstead usingBlock:^(__unsafe_unretained id object, NSArray *arguments) {
        testCallCalled = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertNotNil(aspectToken, @"Must return a token.");

    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertTrue(testCallCalled, @"Hook must work.");

    XCTAssertNotEqualObjects(testClass.class, object_getClass(testClass), @"Object must have a custom subclass.");

    XCTAssertTrue([aspectToken remove], @"Deregistration must work");
    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testClass.class, object_getClass(testClass), @"Object must not have a custom subclass.");

    testCallCalled = NO;
    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertFalse(testCallCalled, @"Hook must no longer work.");

    XCTAssertFalse([aspectToken remove], @"Deregistration must not work twice");
}

- (void)testGlobalTokenDeregistrationWithCustomForwardInvocation {
    TestWithCustomForwardInvocation *testClass = [TestWithCustomForwardInvocation new];
    Method originalForwardInvocationMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(testClass.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
    IMP originalForwardInvocationIMP = method_getImplementation(originalForwardInvocationMethod);

    // Test that forwardInvocation points to NSObject.
    {
        Method objectMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(TestWithCustomForwardInvocation.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        XCTAssertEqual(method_getImplementation(originalForwardInvocationMethod), method_getImplementation(objectMethod), @"Implementations must be equal");
    }

    __block BOOL testCalled = NO;
    id token = [TestWithCustomForwardInvocation aspect_hookSelector:@selector(test) withOptions:AspectPositionInstead usingBlock:^(__unsafe_unretained id object, NSArray *arguments) {
        testCalled = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertNotNil(token, @"Must return a token.");

    [testClass test];
    XCTAssertTrue(testCalled, @"Hook must work.");

    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testClass.class, object_getClass(testClass), @"Object must not have a custom subclass.");

    // Test that forwardInvocation points to our own implementation.
    {
        Method forwardInvocationMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(testClass.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        XCTAssertNotEqual(method_getImplementation(forwardInvocationMethod), originalForwardInvocationIMP, @"Implementations must not be equal");
    }

    XCTAssertTrue([token remove], @"Deregistration must work");

    // Test that forwardInvocation (again) points to NSObject and thus is correctly restored.
    {
        Method forwardInvocationMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(testClass.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        XCTAssertEqual(method_getImplementation(forwardInvocationMethod), originalForwardInvocationIMP, @"Implementations must be equal");
    }

    testCalled = NO;
    [testClass test];
    XCTAssertFalse(testCalled, @"Hook must no longer work.");

    XCTAssertFalse([token remove], @"Deregistration must not work twice");
}

- (void)testGlobalTokenDeregistration {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    // Test that forwardInvocation points to NSObject.
    {
        Method forwardInvocationMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(testClass.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        Method objectMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(NSObject.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        XCTAssertEqual(method_getImplementation(forwardInvocationMethod), method_getImplementation(objectMethod), @"Implementations must be equal");
    }

    __block BOOL testCallCalled = NO;
    id token = [TestClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCall) withOptions:AspectPositionInstead usingBlock:^(__unsafe_unretained id object, NSArray *arguments) {
        testCallCalled = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertNotNil(token, @"Must return a token.");

    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertTrue(testCallCalled, @"Hook must work.");

    XCTAssertEqualObjects(testClass.class, object_getClass(testClass), @"Object must not have a custom subclass.");

    // Test that forwardInvocation points to our own implementation.
    {
        Method forwardInvocationMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(testClass.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        Method objectMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(NSObject.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        XCTAssertNotEqual(method_getImplementation(forwardInvocationMethod), method_getImplementation(objectMethod), @"Implementations must not be equal");
    }

    XCTAssertTrue([token remove], @"Deregistration must work");

    // Test that forwardInvocation (again) points to NSObject and thus is correctly restored.
    {
        Method forwardInvocationMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(testClass.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        Method objectMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(NSObject.class, @selector(forwardInvocation:));
        XCTAssertEqual(method_getImplementation(forwardInvocationMethod), method_getImplementation(objectMethod), @"Implementations must be equal");
    }

    testCallCalled = NO;
    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertFalse(testCallCalled, @"Hook must no longer work.");

    XCTAssertFalse([token remove], @"Deregistration must not work twice");
}

- (void)testSimpleDeregistration {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL called = NO;
    id aspectToken = [TestClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCall) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        called = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertTrue(called, @"Flag must have been set.");

    called = NO;
    XCTAssertTrue([aspectToken remove], @"Must allow deregistration");
    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertFalse(called, @"Flag must have been NOT set.");
}

- (void)testAutoDeregistration {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL testCallCalled = NO;
    id aspectToken = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(testCall) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter|AspectOptionAutomaticRemoval usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        testCallCalled = YES;
    } error:NULL];

    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertTrue(testCallCalled, @"Must be set to YES");

    testCallCalled = NO;
    [testClass testCall];
    XCTAssertFalse(testCallCalled, @"Must be set to NO");

    XCTAssertFalse([aspectToken remove], @"Must not able to deregister again");
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark - Test KVO

- (void)testKVOCoexistance {
    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];

    __block BOOL hookCalled = NO;
    id aspectToken = [testClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(setString:) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        NSLog(@"Aspect hook!");
        hookCalled = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    [testClass addObserver:self forKeyPath:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(string)) options:0 context:_cmd];

    XCTAssertFalse(testClass.kvoTestCalled, @"KVO must be not set");
    testClass.string = @"test";
    XCTAssertTrue(hookCalled, @"Hook must be called");
    XCTAssertTrue(testClass.kvoTestCalled, @"KVO must work");
    [testClass removeObserver:self forKeyPath:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(string)) context:_cmd];
    hookCalled = NO;
    testClass.kvoTestCalled = NO;
    testClass.string = @"test2";
    XCTAssertTrue(hookCalled, @"Hook must be called");
    XCTAssertFalse(testClass.kvoTestCalled, @"KVO must no longer work");

    XCTAssertTrue([aspectToken remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
}

// TODO: Pre-registeded KVO is currently not working.
//- (void)testKVOCoexistanceWithPreregisteredKVO {
//    TestClass *testClass = [TestClass new];
//    XCTAssertFalse(testClass.kvoTestCalled, @"KVO must be not set");
//    [testClass addObserver:self forKeyPath:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(string)) options:0 context:_cmd];
//    testClass.string = @"test";
//    XCTAssertTrue(testClass.kvoTestCalled, @"KVO must work");
//
//    __block BOOL hookCalled = NO;
//    [testClass aspect_hookSelector:@selector(setString:) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
//        NSLog(@"Aspect hook!");
//        hookCalled = YES;
//    }];
//
//    XCTAssertFalse(testClass.kvoTestCalled, @"KVO must be not set");
//    testClass.string = @"test";
//    XCTAssertTrue(hookCalled, @"Hook must be called");
//    XCTAssertTrue(testClass.kvoTestCalled, @"KVO must work");
//    [testClass removeObserver:self forKeyPath:NSStringFromSelector(@selector(string)) context:_cmd];
//    hookCalled = NO;
//    testClass.kvoTestCalled = NO;
//    testClass.string = @"test2";
//    XCTAssertTrue(hookCalled, @"Hook must be called");
//    XCTAssertFalse(testClass.kvoTestCalled, @"KVO must no longer work");
//}

- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context {
    NSLog(@"KVO!");
    ((TestClass *)object).kvoTestCalled = YES;
}

@end

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark - Test that a custom forwardInvocation: is being called.

@interface AspectsForwardInvocationTests : XCTestCase @end
@implementation AspectsForwardInvocationTests

- (void)testEnsureForwardInvocationIsCalled {
    TestWithCustomForwardInvocation *testClass = [TestWithCustomForwardInvocation new];
    XCTAssertFalse(testClass.forwardInvocationCalled, @"Must have not called custom forwardInvocation:");
    id aspectToken = [TestWithCustomForwardInvocation aspect_hookSelector:@selector(test) withOptions:AspectPositionInstead usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        NSLog(@"Aspect hook called");
    } error:NULL];
    [testClass test];
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
    [testClass performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(@"non_existing_selector")];
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
    XCTAssertTrue(testClass.forwardInvocationCalled, @"Must have called custom forwardInvocation:");

    XCTAssertTrue([aspectToken remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
}

@end

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#pragma mark - Test Selector Mangling

@interface A : NSObject
- (void)foo;
@end

@implementation A
- (void)foo {
    NSLog(@"%s", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
}
@end

@interface B : A @end

@implementation B
- (void)foo {
    NSLog(@"%s", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
    [super foo];
}
@end

@interface AspectsSelectorTests : XCTestCase @end
@implementation AspectsSelectorTests

//- (void)testSelectorMangling {
//    __block BOOL A_aspect_called = NO;
//    __block BOOL B_aspect_called = NO;
//    [B aspect_hookSelector:@selector(foo) withOptions:AspectPositionBefore usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
//        NSLog(@"before -[B foo]");
//        B_aspect_called = YES;
//    }];
//    [A aspect_hookSelector:@selector(foo) withOptions:AspectPositionBefore usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
//        NSLog(@"before -[A foo]");
//        A_aspect_called = YES;
//    }];
//
//    B *b = [B new];
//    [b foo];
//
//    XCTAssertTrue(B_aspect_called, @"B aspect should be called");
//    XCTAssertFalse(A_aspect_called, @"A aspect should not be called");
//}

// TODO: Since tests change the runtime, it's hard to clean up.
- (void)testSelectorMangling2 {
    __block BOOL A_aspect_called = NO;
    __block BOOL B_aspect_called = NO;
    id aspectToken1 = [A aspect_hookSelector:@selector(foo) withOptions:AspectPositionBefore usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        NSLog(@"before -[A foo]");
        A_aspect_called = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertNotNil(aspectToken1, @"Must return a token");

    id aspectToken2 = [B aspect_hookSelector:@selector(foo) withOptions:AspectPositionBefore usingBlock:^(id instance, NSArray *arguments) {
        NSLog(@"before -[B foo]");
        B_aspect_called = YES;
    } error:NULL];
    XCTAssertNil(aspectToken2, @"Must not return a token");

    B *b = [B new];
    [b foo];

    // TODO: A is not yet called, we can't detect the target IMP for an invocation.
    XCTAssertTrue(A_aspect_called, @"A aspect should be called");
    XCTAssertFalse(B_aspect_called, @"B aspect should not be called");

    XCTAssertTrue([aspectToken1 remove], @"Must be able to deregister");
}

@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
John Nicola created an unconventional model when he founded Nicola Wealth. Twenty-five years later, it continues to prove successful
By Darren Matte
John Nicola, chairman and CEO of Nicola Wealth, is a big believer in sharing the pie. To build and grow a business, Nicola says, you need others who are committed to your vision. That's why as his firm grows, so does his staff's share of the pie through profit sharing. That's just one of the many elements that has made Nicola Wealth unique and successful over the past 25 years.
A career in financial services wasn't Nicola's first choice. In the late 1960s and 1970s, he was playing in a rock band that experienced moderate success, but Nicola realized this might be as far as he could go with music. He left the band and started looking for something else; another band member encouraged him to apply at MetLife.
"I said, 'Are you serious – life insurance?' It was the worst job I could imagine," Nicola recalls. "But he said he was being paid twice as much as we made in the band. Because the pay was decent, I decided to apply, but I was rejected three times."
Nicola didn't take no for an answer, even going as far as taking an aptitude test to prove to the manager that he could handle the role. That dedication landed him the job, and it wasn't long before he was the top salesperson at his branch.
Yet Nicola didn't remain at MetLife long. After feeling restricted in his ability to service all of his clients' needs, he moved to an independent firm and was eventually recruited to join the Rogers Group, where he began to round out his services beyond.
"A friend and I created a subset called the business and estate planning group," he says. "Our focus was working with business owners, doing financial and estate planning."
That would lay the foundation for Nicola's focus down the line. He evolved from insurance to retirement planning, to stocks and mutual funds. Yet, after a decade in the business, during which he rose to become president of the Rogers Group, one thing he noticed was the lack of cohesion in the industry.
"No matter how big the organization – they can have hundreds of advisors – basically they are all individual silos," he says. "They are all working under this compliance umbrella, independent of each other, not a single entity. Rogers Group was the same – everyone had their own clients and practices. We basically shared expenses."
A new model
When he decided to strike out on his own and create Nicola Wealth in 1994, Nicola did away with those silos.
"I wanted to create a model where the clients of the firm were owned by the firm and the people working at the firm were shareholders, but not owners of clients," he explains. "That's what we built at Nicola, and it's still a rare model in the industry. Most advisors will say they own their book of business; they can take it and put it under someone else's umbrella. Here, you can leave and sell your shares, but clients remain owned by the company. It's a model that has worked for us."
The uniqueness of the model doesn't end there. Nicola Wealth currently has 42 licensed advisors and 22 asset managers. The advisors are dedicated to the clients, while the asset managers, who specialize in three areas (real estate, public and private assets), create portfolios to meet the needs advisors identify when working with clients.
"There is a high respect among the asset managers for what everyone else brings," Nicola says. "They meet on a regular basis with advisors. Managers are focused on the best mix for the portfolios we are trying to build. Even though many of the advisors are licensed as portfolio managers, my view has been that the best thing they can do for clients is the planning and servicing."
Planning has been at the heart of Nicola's approach since his days with the Rogers Group. "Our thinking is almost a little mechanical," he says. "When we sit down with clients, the first thing we do is planning. We gather information; we understand their tax situation, corporate structure, net worth, objectives, retirement goals, legacy and children. We do all of that before making any investment or insurance recommendations. We have a significant amount of knowledge about them and their objectives. Then everything on the investment side is made to fit the plan. That plan is reviewed and updated on a regular basis – that is the primary job of the advisors."
One of Nicola's biggest challenges and successes in his 46-year career came in 1999, when he made the decision to transition the business to a fee-based model. It was something quite rare at the time, but it paid off in spades.
"Making the transition was a jump into the unknown," Nicola says. "Only a few firms had done it; there was no model to look at. In hindsight, it was the best decision and drove our growth."
Nicola notes that in the firm's first five years, it was growing between 7% and 8% annually. After the transition, that number jumped to 20%. Even recouping the losses from commissions didn't take as long as Nicola thought. He planned for a three-year period, but the firm made them up in just 18 months.
Today, he looks back on the transition with great fondness, as it has led to 25 successful years. Nicola Wealth continues to grow – its AUM recently surpassed $7 billion, and it now has offices in Vancouver, Richmond, Kelowna and Toronto as it tries to spread its model across the country.
"We think this is a better model to deal with the marketplace," Nicola says. "Our view with other growth areas is that if we can get the right people on the ground, we believe our model will attract a reasonable share of the marketplace."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Will Fashion Weeks Ever Be Sustainable?
Miriam Tagini FASHION
October 4th, 2021 6 minute read
We are moments away from the end of the fashion month. After New York, London and Milan, as the lights fades over the last runways in the French capital, I can't help but wonder: why are we still doing this?
Generally speaking, we are well aware of the negative environmental impact of the fashion industry: sustainability is not just a buzzword now, and it looks to be more than just a passing trend. However, not enough people actually know, or spend time to reflect about the environmental impact of fashion week itself. Creating one-off pieces to showcase on the runways as the new trend of the upcoming season is costing a lot. Not in terms of money but in terms of environment.
According to the report Zero to Market, published a few days ago in the New York Times, the carbon emission produced annually by fashion people and clothing collections moving around the planet for runways is about 241,000 tons. To give you a sense of the number, it is enough to power Times Square for 58 years. Or to keep the Eiffel Tower lit for 3060 years.
The report was released by the fashion technology company Ordre.com and a climate-change consultancy called the Carbon Trust. The research adds up the annual emissions of all transport that forms an integral part of the wholesale buying process, and it analysed the latest data from the thousands of retailers and brands that sent people to major fashion weeks and trade shows.
Fashion shows in September move thousands of designers, models and professionals, as well as hundreds of guests, press and influencers. According to the report, travel to New York was responsabile for the highest amount of carbon (37% of all emissions), shortly followed by Paris (28%), London (18%) and Milan (17%).
"While the emissions measured in this study are likely to be a small percentage of the fashion industry's total emissions, it is a highly visible part of the industry where positive change has the ability to be influential across the supply chain and other industries," explained Pauline Op de Beeck, sustainable fashion lead and client manager at the Carbon Trust. "We are an industry that thrives on innovation, and now is the time to start thinking about the business of fashion differently" added Simon P Lock, founder and CEO of Ordre.
The obvious questions now are: can fashion weeks ever be environmentally justifiable? Surely, long gone are the days in which one could create a rocket inside the Gran Palais, as did Chanel in the 2017 Paris Fashion Show, without anyone pointing out its environmental cost. And surely brands and designers are switching their approaches, boasting about carbon neutrality and announcing their sustainability goals. But is there some actual progress?
The findings paint a stark picture of the environmental impact of fashion month, showing that sustainable approaches must go beyond the garments themselves. While lower impact design initiatives were aplenty from New York to Milan, the next step needs to see companies actively rethink the events and presentations that form part of the wholesale business model.
The fashion industry is considered accountable for approximately 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions (more than the emissions of all international flights and maritime shipping combined). However, not only does fashion have an impact on the environment in terms of CO2 emissions, but the textile industry is also accountable for 35% of the plastic microfibers released in oceans and 20% of the industrial water pollution.
As Alden Wicker, award-winning journalist and sustainable fashion expert said: "Of course, runway shows create but a sliver of the environmental impact of the fashion industry, but they represent everything that is wrong with it. They're inherently wasteful, with glossy sets built, torn down, and landfilled after a ten-minute spectacle. Attendees fly first-class from fashion capital to fashion capital, where they jump into black cars that ferry them around, leaving trails of disposable water bottles and gift-bag swag behind".
With scrutiny on fashion's environmental impact mounting, the excess of major fashion weeks is increasingly at odds with the public commitments of major brands to operate more sustainably. Making profit should not be at the expense of the others nor at the expense of our planet.
The Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) presented a new analysis of New York Fashion Week's environmental impact, which suggests that virtual fashion weeks might have to stay. The study found that the typical NYFW, in contrast to the predominantly virtual presentations experienced because of Covid-19, generates up to 48,000 tons of carbon dioxide and that air travel to the event makes up the largest percentage of NYFW's overall footprint each season. The next largest source of greenhouse gas emissions for NYFW comes from accommodation for guests (between 850 to 1,480 metric tons) and production of the collection itself (between 710 to 900). The report claims that production is the category in which "stakeholders are doing the most to be more sustainable." However, brands need to do more outside of that to address potential sources of environmental harm in the shows themselves.
Analyzing NYFW's current ecosystem, the CFDA identified priorities and opportunities to make fashion weeks more sustainable: "We recognize that making NYFW more sustainable is but a mere drop in the bucket compared to the fashion industry as a whole, but it can serve as a bellwether for changes," said Sarah Willersdorf, BCG's global head of luxury, in a press release. "Sustainability is not a nice-to-have anymore. It is essential both for our planet and for the long term prosperity of the fashion industry."
And something is moving in the right direction. Some of the designers – Stella McCartney, Vivienne Westwood and Versace Group to name a few – are highlighting how important sustainability is. Since then, other luxury brands have read the room and started recycling and reusing runway set materials, offsetting the carbon emissions emitted by guests, and nodding to the coming apocalypse with logo face masks and recycled materials.
However, there are still several things that can be done to increase sustainability. For example, the industry could combine seasons and gender by having a single Fashion Week per year instead of two. And it could even increase the number of online events, continuing a 2020 trend, in order to decrease travel emissions. But first and foremost, the industry should turn Fashion Weeks into climate awareness, raising a new form of consciousness and understanding of the environmental impact of fashion by encouraging brands to apply codes of ethics by both promoting sustainability in the industry, and educating the audience about climate change issues.
Written by Miriam Tagini
Follow Miriam on Instagram & Twitter
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Variety Plus Icon Read Next: Environmental Filmmaker Cyril Dion Plans 'Animal' Follow-Up, First Fiction Project 'Le Grand Vertige'
Sep 24, 2019 6:55pm PT
Toronto Film Review: 'Beneath the Blue Suburban Skies'
In Edward Burns' quietly simmering, mature family drama, Jennifer Ehle excels as a dissatisfied suburban mom in one of her career-best performances.
By Tomris Laffly
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You never see the color blue in "Beneath the Blue Suburban Skies," an unassuming slice-of-life family drama in brittle black and white. But Edward Burns still dares you to imagine the soothing shade stretching over the nearly identical middle-class homes of a commuter town outside of New York, symmetrically assembled with unexceptional yards rubbing shoulders with one another. For a film that has more quiet distress than cheeriness in store, this resembles an ironically happy image once considered in color. But through a low-key rhythm that informs much of his fiercely independent work, including that of "The Brothers McMullen" (the actor-writer-director's 1995 Sundance-winning breakout), Burns finds glimmers of hope and humor in the bleak with what feels like his most mature work to date.
Attentively shot by William Rexer with elegant lighting and deep contrasts — a sweeping look in a modestly-scoped film that warrants a big screen — it all starts with alcohol inside a domesticated kitchen that could be out of a "Pleasantville"-ish 1950s. We watch as Tina (a perfectly cast Jennifer Ehle, silently seething in dissatisfaction with a hint of volatility) mixes what looks to be a mean martini for herself. Throughout the film, the cocktail shaker would seldom be absent from her side, her one avenue of release (at times, bordering dependency) in a life that clearly turned out to deliver considerably less than what this fiftysomething believed it would. Still, it's not all bad news: Tina is employed, married to the fair-minded, hard-working Jim (Burns, wearing his character's slight insecurity on his sleeve) and mothers two twentysomething children, Debbie (Hannah Dunne) and Frankie (Brian Wiles).
Except, there are also severe fault lines in this seemingly functional picture, as Burns' story would expose in composed drops. Somehow, the couple has fallen behind their mortgage. In fact, the financial trouble has gotten so far out of hand that they can't even afford to get their broken dishwasher fixed — a hindrance that comes up on a recurring basis, mildly suggesting a longstanding class divergence between the couple. ("I didn't grow up with a dishwasher, did you?" asks Jim, more a beer guy than a martini sipper. "Yes, I did," responds Tina, with audible bitterness.)
Meanwhile, their drifting, ambitionless kids still live at home, absorbing resources while contributing nothing to the household other than constant worry. Possessing no viable plans for the future whatsoever, the siblings routinely dismiss their parents' desperate attempts to set them up with something that has longevity. Debbie hangs out with a boyfriend of whom her parents harshly disapprove, sleeps in and frowns upon employment prospects while Frankie gets mixed up with the wrong sort in a dead-end job he eventually gets fired from.
In that, casual conversations between generations quickly turn into "when I was your age"-style confrontations, and backyard basketball games between the father and son inevitably resolve to hostility. Stuck in this vicious cycle, the parents eventually turn the mirror on themselves, especially after a family dinner with Jim's brother and his wife, a couple at a pronouncedly more comfortable place with their resources and offspring. "I felt embarrassed not having anything good to say about our kids," Tina confesses, wondering if they really did the best parenting they could. Every now and then, Burns braids in a well-designed interlude or two to the story, without abandoning the home base, but intensifying its tension-filled atmosphere. The most consequential one follows Tina getting ready for her high-school reunion, from which she comes back drunk, having made out with an old flame (an instance we don't get to see but hear about after the fact).
With a range of such scenes both hushed and emotionally rapturous, "Beneath the Blue Suburban Skies" gradually turns into an Ehle showcase, even surrounded by an equally matched ensemble of actors. With her uniquely mellifluous vocal timbre and amiable gaze, the actor impeccably adorns Tina with a disquieting dose of tentativeness — admitting to her desire to disappear; she never looks anything less than a woman on the verge of a breakdown, halted only by her deep affection for her family.
Underneath its artful surface of sharp monochromatic visuals, "Beneath the Blue Suburban Skies" puts relatable middle-class troubles at its center, offering blink-and-you'll-miss-it observations about generations of Americans falling short of the dream they were promised. It harbors a pessimistic view of parenting as an ultimately thankless job and harnesses empathy for directionless kids, sometimes military-bound due to lack of options. Still, it's not a political movie, nor does it harbor grand thematic ambitions. That's why Burns' low-budget return emotionally resonates all the more, thanks to its expressly laid-back tone, refusing to approach anything didactic.
Edward Burns,
Jennifer Ehle,
Reviewed at Toronto Film Festival (Contemporary World Cinema), Sept. 7, 2019. Running time: 105 MIN.
Production: A Marlboro Road Gang Prods. production. Producers: Aaron Lubin, Edward Burns, William Rexer.
Crew: Director, writer: Edward Burns. Camera (b&w): William Rexer. Editors: Edward Burns, Kyle Falcon.
With: Jennifer Ehle, Edward Burns, Brian Wiles, Hannah Dunne, Wass Stevens, Donnamarie Recco, Brian D'Arcy James.
'Home Work' to Return to Magnolia Network After Probe of Renovation Complaints


Today, I received one email from a NGO who is helping a Cancer patient Master Samrat Sonkamble. Who needs urgent support from you for the Cancer treatment. I thought this is the right platform to post this general appeal. Hope, you all will support this master Samrat Sonkamble.
One of GLOBAL VISION CANCER CARE NGO patient (Samrat Sonkamble), 4 yrs old boy suffering from Acute Pre-B All. His father is a Worker by occupation.
Please refer the below details about NGO and the child they are raising funds for.
If you would be kind enough to grant them your blessings and charitable contribution, Along with helping the needy you would be getting tax exemption under section 80G.
They are lacking Amount Rs.45,400/- for his chemo therapy would request your best support for the same.
They hope; you will donate some amount for this 4 years old child, since they are running short of time and money. Positive revert awaiting at the earliest.
You can contact Global Vision Cancer Care NGO for more details about donation.
Please find attached below the patient details for your reference.
GLOBAL VISION CANCER CARE NGO.
The reference documents are shown below for Global Vision Cancer Care NGO and a patient Samrat Sonkamble. This is for your information.


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The Armory Art Show is the largest art fair in the city, so, you know, it's kind of a big deal. As the Daily News reports, this year was the first year that Bronx galleries and studios have gotten a chance to participate. So, of course, I had to take it upon myself to check out some of the venues. I'm going to preface this post by letting you know that I have a horrible sense of direction, which is exacerbated by the fact that I refuse to ask for directions in the city I live in.
Upon arriving to Studio Building I, at 250 E. 139th St. I was greeted with a sign that said to enter through the tire shop. It was real WTF moment, like this how people get killed type situation. Alas, I threw caution to the wind and with the assistance of a mechanic, found my way upstairs to the studio. There was such a wonderful/stark contrast between the grimy and industrious car repair shop and the bright artist studio right above it.
The artists working in Studio Building I include: Daze, Juanita Lanzo, Matthew Burcaw, and John Ahearn. It was actually very cool to see the behind the scenes space where the artists labor away to get the polished products we eventually come across in galleries. Among some of the works-in-progress were sculptures ( similar to the ones found in Parkchester) and large, vibrant floral-quasi-sexual paintings. I didn't take any pictures here since the projects were still being worked on.
My next and final stop was Studio Building II at the Bronx Art Space, which I previously visited to see the Work Office exhibit. The latest artwork on display is part of an exhibit called Vital Signs. My personal favorite piece was Artist's Books w/ DVD by Matthew Burcaw. Curator Linda Cunningham's studio was also open for viewing. It was a great representation of what I've always thought of the artist's process to be, if that makes any sense at all. When I work on my stories for example, I've got my notebooks open around me, any other relevant material is also nearby, pencils, my computer, probably a can of Pepsi. So I feel like her studio was a more advanced, cooler sort of version of that….again, if that makes any sense whatsoever.


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The Connection Diaries, Ep. 1: How do we stay connected when we're physically apart?
Published by Robin Anselmi at March 16, 2020
All over the news are reports on the need for social distancing, and many of our clients have sent their employees to work from home. In times like these where we must be physically separated, what is important for leaders to know about remaining connected?
The quality of a leader's communication to the people who are counting on her or him in times of challenge and uncertainty is crucial to creating a connected, confident, and resilient community. We have a history in high-stakes communication, and there are three important things we have learned through our experience:
Leaders need to be the source of accurate information, not the subject of worry and gossip
Leaders that share accurate information that is grounded in fact-based expertise allow people to feel that they are in the presence of the truth.
Don't wait to share information until you think it's complete. Share what you know when you know it. When you wait, you leave a vacuum for people to fill with fear-based stories and explanations.
Communicate more often than you think, and certainly every time there is something new to share.
Create opportunities for people to contribute
Many leaders think they need to be the source of the answer, but we think it is more important for leaders to know the questions, and to share the questions as soon as they are aware of them.
For example, a question present for many leaders now is: how are we going to manage being completely remote for a period of months? Instead of trying to solve this yourself, what if you give the question to all the people in the organization and say:
"We would like to hear from you. What do you think about this? What are your insights and ideas? How do we help ourselves stay effective, connected, and confident? I don't know the answer, but I bet WE do."
When people are contributing, they feel safer than they do when they are waiting for an answer from someone else.
Leaders should be prepared to be surprised and delighted by the ideas and wisdom that come from putting a group of people together and getting input from a wide array of individuals. The answers to leaders' biggest questions can actually come from the communities they lead. We are smarter together than we are separately.
Don't Argue in an Email!
When going through tumultuous change, there are constant needs to realign. Where there's potential disagreement or where alignment is at risk, don't try to have that conversation over email or text.
Add more senses so people can hear mood and nuance, and they will more readily available to truly understand one another, learn from one another, and come up with a path forward.
Be conscious of the level of potential disagreement, and how many senses can be added to assure that we truly do connect. When we're together physically, we get away with misstep and mistake in different ways. We don't have as much room for error when we have fewer of our senses engaged in being with one another.
We have a helpful resource for staying attuned to exactly this called The 5 Sense Solution.
Full Transcript
Robin: So Mickey, all over the news are reports of the needs for social distancing; so many of our clients have said all of their employees to work from home. In times like this when we have to be physically separated, what do you think is important for leaders to know about remaining connected?
Mickey: Well, I think this is a big question and something we should delve into frequently over the next couple of months. I'm thinking of this as the Connection Diaries, so that's not only today's short conversation. The first thing that comes to mind, though, given what you said, is the quality of a leader's communication to the people who are counting on her or him in times of challenge and uncertainty. And there are some things that we've learned about that. The first one that we think is really important is that leaders need to be the source of accurate information, not the subject of worry and gossip. Being the source, not the subject, is a crucial issue, and it needs to be accurate information that people trust, that is grounded in fact-based expertise. It actually heals people to just feel that they're in the presence of the truth. So we think that a frequent outreach where people hear from their leaders in a way that they don't have to have worry and gossip, they know they're connected, we think is really important.
Robin: Well, I think that point about frequency is so critical right now. You know, the news cycle on COVID-19 is so short, right, we're getting updates all the time, and I find that there are some leaders who are wanting to wait until they have what they feel is enough information, but in those times when you're waiting, it gives that vacuum for people to create a story, and—but we know in times like this is that, those stories are often generated out of fear. And so, to be the source of accurate information to communicate what you do know when you know it as opposed to waiting we think is so critical.
Mickey: Yeah, so we think, communicate more often than you might think and certainly every time where there's something new to share. So that's the first thing. The second thing is, we think it's really important for leaders to create opportunities for people to contribute during times of uncertainty and challenge. A lot of leaders think they're supposed to know the answer, and so they're waiting until they have something brilliant to say. We think it's more important for the leader to know the questions, and to share the questions as soon as we know them. So I may not know the answer is something like, how are we gonna manage being completely remote for a period of months? That's a pretty big question. What if I give the question to all the people who work in the organization and say, "We'd like to hear from you. What do you think about this? What are your insights and ideas? How do we have ourselves stay effective, connected, and confident?" I don't know the answer—I bet we do. So I think it's really important that we create opportunities for people to contribute. When people are contributing, they feel safer than they do as they wait for some wisdom to come at them from someone else.
Robin: I think leaders should be prepared to be surprised and delighted by the ideas and wisdom that come from putting a group of people together and getting input from a wide array of individuals.
Mickey: Me too, and it's delightful. I think it's actually soothing for really senior executives when they realize that the answers to their biggest questions could actually come from other people, and you have this experience of hey, we actually might be smarter together than we are separately. So that's the second one: give people opportunities to contribute. The third one, a kind of shallow way to say it is, don't argue in an email. With that one we mean, when you're going through this much tumultuous change there going to be constant needs to realign, realign, realign, and where there's potential disagreement or where alignment is at risk, don't try to do it through email and text. Because I don't think anybody can give us very many examples of where they resolved an argument or a serious misalignment challenge through email or text. You want to add more senses so people can hear mood and nuance. They will more readily truly understand one another, learn from one another, and then come up with a path forward. So the third thing is just be very conscious of the level of potential disagreement and how many senses can you add. Like, you and I have gotten more senses than are available on an email or a text. How many senses can we add to assure that we actually truly do connect with each other, understand each other, learn from one another, and chart a path forward.
Robin: You know, it occurs to me that all three of these are actually really smart leadership communication principles in any circumstances, and it's interesting how in times like this we often forget the things that we know to be true and to be smart, and retract. And I think the encouragement that you're offering—that we're offering—is actually to increase the level of communication, to increase the intentionality, and to not retract.
Mickey: I do think that they're smart universally. I also think that when we're together physically, we get away with misstep and mistake in different ways, that we don't have as much room for error when we have fewer of our senses engaged in being with one another. So you're right, they do become more important to be rigorous about because we just don't have as much room for misstep and mistake.
So, for all of you that are listening to this, we hope that those three things are of some value. They have been to us. To be the source of accurate information, not the subject of worrying gossip. To give people chances to contribute, share the big questions when you don't know the answers to them. And to actually really engage with people in communication venues that are appropriate to the level of disagreement, so don't argue in an email. So that's all we've got about this at the moment. Robin, you want to say anything in closing?
Robin: If this was helpful do you join us later this week; we're gonna do a live conversation sort of along the same lines with our colleague Jim Maroney, so join us for that.
Mickey: Because we will be looking into, in the Connection Diaries, what are all the different ways we can connect powerfully, still keep producing results, and build community and confidence. So we look forward to being with you along the way. Thanks everybody.
Robin: See ya.
In a time when we are physically separated and uncertainty and anxiety are present, it is crucial that we stick to the leadership principles we know inspire greater connection and creativity.
We also hosted a live conversation on all the different ways we can connect powerfully, keep producing results, and build community and confidence. You can find the recording here: Virtual Gathering: Communication, Community, and Confidence
We will continue to explore this question and many others related to how we stay connected and keep creating value in challenging circumstances, so stay tuned for future episodes of The Connection Diaries and sign up for our newsletter, where we will share more resources and reflections over the coming weeks.
If you and your community have been having inspiring conversations and ideas about how to navigate the COVID-19 reality, we would love to hear about them! Please comment below or connect with us on LinkedIn. Let's unleash our collective brilliance.
Robin Anselmi
Robin has a love of design that began with her early career in engineering, manufacturing, and financial services. She brings her practicality and process orientation to […]
A Rest & Refresh Challenge | The Connection Diaries
The Chemistry of Collaboration & Burnout
Photo by Fedor on Unsplash
Leadership Lessons from The Beatles


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Date: 9th April 2008
Lohan Sued by Former Bodyguard
A man who says he worked as a bodyguard for Lindsay Lohan has sued the actress and her company, claiming he is owed more than $55,000 in unpaid wages.
David Kim filed a lawsuit Monday in Superior Court against Lohan, her Crossheart Productions and 50 unnamed defendants alleging the star employed him for 19 weeks then refused to pay him.
Calls to Lohan's publicist Leslie Sloane-Zelnik were not immediately returned. A representative for Lohan told People.com that the person had no connection to Lohan.


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Fact: Not all Russian girls are desperate, poor or miserable.
It is true that Russia is the largest country in the world and many Russians still live under the poverty line.
Fact: Naturally, a large percentage of Russian girls would love to find and marry nice man from Russia; however, they look for men who are not Russian because there are not enough men in their own country.In this city, there are very strict religious laws against prostitution so that a western women get a month in prison for a peck on the cheek.However, to our surprise, the police even the government in Dubai turns a blind eye to 30,000 imported prostitutes for the expats and nationals happy and keep business flourishing in Dubai.This is what makes many men mistakenly consider them to be submissive.
Fact: Many men believe that these girls are simply looking for a green card or an express one way ticket out of Russia.Truth is, just like most girls,they just want a caring and loving man who will treat them right and not necessarily just old rich men as many believe.The reason why some Russian women seek love on the internet is not because they are desperate and will take just any man who they come across, it is usually because they are looking for good men and they hope to find that online.The mysterious allure of a Russian woman has also led to many myths.


Lawmakers defeat bill to push school start times to 8:30 a.m.
Melody Gutierrez Sep. 15, 2017 Updated: Sep. 15, 2017 2:30 p.m.
SACRAMENTO — A state lawmaker said his bill to push back school start times at middle and high schools in the state is dead for the year after intense lobbying against the measure in recent days.
Sen. Anthony Portantino, D-La Cañada Flintridge (Los Angeles County), said the California Teachers Association and California School Boards Association began an aggressive late campaign against SB328 using "disappointing tactics." The bill fell 15 votes short in the Assembly on Thursday after a lengthy debate.
Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics, Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders and Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine each sent letters to the California School Boards Association saying the group misquoted their research during legislative testimony in July. Portantino said the teachers union and school board association stepped up their efforts against the bill this week, leading many Democrats to not vote on the bill.
SB328 would have required middle and high schools to start no earlier than 8:30 a.m., with supporters arguing that research shows teens natural sleep patterns keep them up late and lead to sleep deprivation when schools have early start times. Research shows teens do better in school, have lower rates of depression and anxiety and fewer car accidents when school start times are pushed back.
"These decisions should be made at the local level, by those who know best know the needs and circumstances of the students, not by the Legislature," said Nancy Chaires Espinoza, legislative advocate for the school boards association.
Opponents of the bill argued that moving back school start times would affect parent drop off hours, extracurricular activities and union contracts.
"School bell schedules should be set at the local level and not the Sacramento level," said Assemblyman Patrick O'Donnell, D-Long Beach.
Portantino said he would take up the bill next year. Friday marks the last day of the legislative session.


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Supreme Court Protects Immigrants' Access to Court Review
Posted by Beth Werlin | Jan 21, 2010 | Enforcement, Immigration Courts
Yesterday, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a decision ensuring that immigrants facing deportation have fair process in the review of their cases. The Court ruled that individuals who seek to reopen their deportation orders have the right to appeal to the federal courts if the immigration court refuses to reopen the case. The Court's decision protects immigrants' access to federal court review and affirms the role of the courts in our system of checks and balances on government power.
The case, Kucana v. Holder, was brought by an asylum seeker who filed a motion to reopen his removal proceedings because of changed circumstances in his request for asylum. A motion to reopen is a procedural mechanism that allows individuals to present new evidence to an immigration judge. The government denied the motion to reopen, and the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals (based in Chicago) refused to review the government's decision. Instead, the Seventh Circuit found that in his case, the government has unfettered discretion over a potentially life and death decision. In yesterday's decision, the Supreme Court reversed the Seventh Circuit and said that the courts do have authority to review motions reopen.
In so doing, the Supreme Court acknowledged that a motion to reopen is "an important safeguard intended to ensure a proper and lawful disposition of immigration proceedings." The Supreme Court also recognized the importance of judicial review. It noted that "separation-of-powers concerns . . . moreover, caution us against reading legislation, absent clear statement, to place in executive hands authority to remove cases from the Judiciary's domain."
Court review provides necessary oversight of government decision-making—review which is essential in immigration cases given that removal can mean permanent separation form family in the U.S. or being returned to a country where a person fears for his/her life. In some cases, the government misinterprets or misapplies the law or makes other mistakes. And given the high volume of cases heard by the immigration courts—in 2008, about 230 immigration judges decided approximately 339,000 cases—the potential for mistake is significant. Moreover, the majority of immigrants do not have lawyers to ensure a fair proceeding. Thus, federal court review adds an important layer of protection—courts can catch inadvertent government mistakes and help ensure that the government is properly interpreting and applying the immigration laws.
The Supreme Court's decision not only preserves federal court review as a necessary check on executive powers, but it also affirms the basic principle that immigrants are entitled to fair process.
Photo by SP8254.
FILED UNDER: Immigration Law, undocumented immigration
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NextSenator Graham Ready to Tackle Tough Issues, Immigration Included
Beth Werlin
Beth Werlin is the Executive Director of the American Immigration Council. She leads the Council's efforts to promote sensible and humane immigration policies and to achieve justice and fairness for all immigrants under the laws. She previously served as Policy Director from 2015-2016 and in a variety of positions on the Council's legal team from 2001-2015. Over her career, she has worked to protect the rights of noncitizens and to ensure that the immigration agencies are held accountable for violations of the law. She has represented plaintiffs and amicus curiae in immigration litigation in the federal courts and before the Board of Immigration Appeals and is the author of numerous practice advisories. She was NAPIL (Equal Justice Works) fellow and before that was a judicial law clerk at the immigration court in Boston, Massachusetts. Beth earned her J.D. from Boston College Law School and her B.A. from Tufts University.


Citation: Franzluebbers, A.J., Endale, D.M., Franklin, D.H., Jenkins, M., Hill, N.S., Bouton, J.H., Kaplan, R.M., Zuberer, D.A. Production and environmental quality of tall fescue pastures: cattle performance and production during first 18 months. Meeting Abstract. 2003. p. 25-27.
Technical Abstract: The negative impact of Neotyphodium coenophialum infection of tall fescue on cattle production is well known. Data are also becoming available to show that cattle grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue with a fungal strain selected to reduce toxic ergot alkaloid production do not exhibit serious animal health disorders. The objective of this report was to summarize cattle performance and productivity during the first 18 months of grazing by yearling heifers on 'Jesup' tall fescue. Overall, this replicated water-catchment study integrates multiple objectives, including: cattle performance and production, tall fescue persistence, gastrointestinal parasite control, soil organic C sequestration, soil quality, and water quality. Cattle performance (average daily gain) and production (live-weight gain) were affected by source of tall fescue during 2002 and 2003. These responses were not the same during all evaluation periods. Various environmental quality responses continue to be collected and will be evaluated together with these performance/production responses.


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Colorful flyers and lanterns are hanging above the roads, clothing and toy stalls are sprouting like mushrooms, smokes from food vendors' cooking grills are covering the sidewalks – festivity is in the air in Urdaneta.
The feast for 2017 was from December 1 to 10. It was a nice way to usher in the spirit of Christmas. There were lots of events that were held at the city's cultural and sports center each day. They had beauty pageants, musical competitions, physique contests, sports, etc.
Many activities were also held at different venues like the lantern competition at the city hall, foods and crafts exhibits at the post office area, boxing contest at the Magic Mall parking lot and cycling tour around the city.
The lanterns at the city hall were very colorful and creative. They lit up the whole front area at night with bright flashing and animated lights. When you get there, you can't help but say, "Wow!". Some were made from natural materials like shells and plants. Others were from recycled materials like plastics and metals.
Foods and crafts exhibits at the post office also included plants. They had bonsai trees, orchids and other ornamental plants. The stalls were quite impressive. They were made of bamboos and Nipa leaves. Some even had a two-storey structure. They were like Nipa huts with a style.
I. Oncoming vehicle is flashing its headlights.
1) Move out of the way. He needs your lane to pass another vehicle.
2) Give way. He is going to make a left turn.
3) Don't try to pass. He thinks you'll not make it.
4) Go ahead and make a left. Either he's being nice to let you through or frustrated that you're blocking his way.
II. A vehicle is veering in front of you. Let him pass. It's your fault if you hit him.
III. Don't be alarmed when a vehicle is driving against the traffic flow on the side of the road. That's normal.
IV. It's okay to make your own lane to avoid traffic. You'll be fine as long as you can maintain a space of a couple of inches (measured from the tip of your sideview mirror to theirs) between vehicles.
V. The inner lane at the traffic light is for left turn. But others ignore it, so you can make a left turn from where you are if vehicles ahead are not turning.
VI. Generally, it's your duty to prevent traffic jam by letting a vehicle through when it's entering from the left. You can use the flashing headlights gesture as in rule I.4 above.
VII. Entering a traffic is a game of psychology. If you wait for the traffic to become clear, you'll be late for dinner. Instead, poke your way in inch by inch until some driver gives way. This usually works with smaller vehicles, though. Trucks and buses have the priority.
VIII. Use your horn liberally. Two short beeps for thanking someone or when passing another vehicle and one to two long beeps if you're frustrated.
Driving around Urdaneta and surrounding towns is similar except for the excessive number of tricycles, motorcycles and trees on the road. For some reason, trees are not removed when roads are built. This makes travel time estimates on driving apps like Waze rarely reliable. Just like in other places, the common practice is that the inner lane is the slow lane and the outer lane is the passing lane but watch out for the pedestrians, dogs and trees there.
No Imodium? Use Guava Leaves!
Sometimes it's unavoidable that travellers get the Montezuma's revenge specially if they are not used to the drinking water in the area. There's a place here in Urdaneta City called Bayaoas. Its name means guava in the local dialect. According to the folks here, this place used to be a guava orchard, hence the name. The plant is very common not just here but in all parts of the country. Old people have used it as a remedy for the common diarrhea. Medical researchers have proven that guava leaves extract helps control the effects of diarrhea.
My father's recipe for making a decoction is to boil about ten guava leaves in a cup of water for about 3 to 5 minutes. Pour the liquid in a cup, let it cool and then drink it. One serving should be enough to ward off Montezuma's revenge.
The Buffet Table is a new restaurant in Urdaneta City that opened just this week. It is located at the intersection of MacArthur National Highway and the Barangay San Vicente road.
It's currently the 2nd buffet-style dining in the city.
They had fresh and steamed vegetables for the diet-conscious patrons, roast beef, pasta, noodle soup, pizza, quesadillas and a wide variety of desserts. All these for only ₱199 per person. They are open from 11AM to 7 PM daily except Sundays.
For reservations, call 0905 462 4345.
We found this newly opened restaurant in Nancayasan along MacArthur National Highway across the Petron gas station. Their Basil Pesto Pollo was very good – the pasta was prepared just right. The Honey Lemon Chicken comes with a fresh lettuce salad with a raspberry vinaigrette dressing. Try their zesty dalandan juice to complement each meal. The basil leaves added to it gives it a nice minty taste. They are open from 10 AM to 10 PM with a break between 2 PM and 4 PM.
Hello Friends of Urdaneta City!
Just wanted to introduce to you my hometown. It has grown from a quiet town to a bustling city since I left in 1987. We will be exploring together the riches of its culture, crafts, resources and commerce. There is also a link about its neighboring places which I call Urdaneta and beyond! I hope you'll join me in this adventure.
If you are looking for a place to settle in, try Urdaneta City. It is the hub to a variety of interesting places. If you want to cool off and experience the mountain weather, Baguio City is about 2 hours away. If you feel like you want to get wet and walk on a warm sand, beaches in La Union and Pangasinan are from 1 to 4 hours away. If you're itching to go Mall-shopping, Manila is about 3 to 4 hours away. If you're on an adventurous mood, fly to the other islands in the south or the neighboring Asian countries. Clark International Airport in Angeles City is about 2 hours away. Or the NAIA International Airport in Manila which is about 3 to 4 hours away.


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LINOLEUM AND MYTHS ABOUT HIM
09.05.2018 11.05.2018 Categories Our workshop
One of the oldest and most common flooring in our country — the linoleum. Over time, this popular material have changed and improved, but in the memory of buyers are still alive old stereotypes. They often give rise to myths which we will try to debunk.
Myth 1. Linoleum is not a safe materials
It should be noted that the original linoleum was a completely natural material made from flax, oil and resin. Modern flooring materials are mainly produced from synthetic polymer — polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In Europe and the USA they are called not linoleum and PVC coatings. In Russia, however, prefer to use the old name.
PVC has today become the most widespread. It is a raw material for products used in different areas, including those where safety becomes the main criterion: medicine, food industry, baby products. The degree of environmental friendliness of the final product depends on several factors, including used new production technology and harmlessness used in the manufacture of raw materials. In the end, every product must meet a number of requirements. Confirm its safety for human health is called a health certificate. For many commodities it is a binding document. While the system of voluntary certification, in which the product itself and its production process are also subjected to thorough examination. For example, the materials of the flooring company Tarkett was similar test, the results of which linoleum has received the international eco-label "Leaf of life". The company's products was rated the highest level of environmental safety for human health.
Myth 2. Linoleum fell out of fashion
Today there are a huge number of new types of flooring. However, even the fierce competition does not interfere with the linoleum remain the absolute leader of consumer preferences. So, according to research Agency DISCOVERY Research Group, in 2008, he was ranked first in terms of production in our country. Assessing the Russian market of floor coverings, experts note that the share of linoleum 40% of total sales. In this case in different price categories, from the most economical (100 — 150 $ /m2) to the prestigious (up to 1500 $ /m2).
Depending on the production technology of the material is divided into heterogeneous and homogeneous. Heterogeneous coatings are multi-layer sheet with thickness of 6 mm. Normally, it consists of an upper working layer (transparent PVC), decorative, internal reference (foamed PVC and fiberglass) and rear (base). In such a material structure drawing protected by a transparent wear layer of PVC. The thickness of the linoleum, stacked in living rooms and bedrooms may be about 0.15 mm. And for the corridor, hallway and kitchen is recommended to choose more durable options with active layer thickness of 0.25 mm. There are also special commercial coatings, in which the figure is 1 mm. to increase the durability and make the care of linoleum is easier, many manufacturers additionally treated with a special lacquer finish: polyurethane or polyacrylic. This ensures service life up to 15 — 20 years.
Homogeneous linoleum — a single layer of PVC material with thickness up to 3 mm. coating Structure and creates a picture, so this linoleum unique in its kind can be updated, removing the top layer, as in sanding parquet flooring. However, this technology allows to cover with only simple kinds of colors: solid or granulated (like marble).
Linoleum and, and other species may have different characteristics, so the choice is first and foremost to pay attention to this class of durability.
Myth 3. Linoleum — "cold" cover
To characterize the flooring specialists use an indicator such as the absorption. It demonstrates how quickly heat absorbed sole of the foot floor construction. Consequently, his value depends on how warm the material seems to touch people. According to the norms of this index for household flooring must not exceed 12 W/m2*K. Accordingly, materials having a large absorption, for example, ceramic tiles, quickly absorb the heat and it feels cooler. The linoleum value of this index depends on the density of the coating, it also determines the presence and thickness of the base. The last is the back layer of the material and usually made of polyester or foam PVC.
If to compare two types of heterogeneous linoleum of the same thickness, it is better at trapping heat in the textile material basis. Previously, it produced of natural felt, which was exposed to statybiniu was afraid of the humidity. Devoid of these shortcomings, the basis of polyester, which is sometimes called artificial felt, because it is a non-woven, similar in structure material. Polyester does not rot, not afraid of changes in temperature. The rate of heat absorption of some linoleum on that basis 9 — 10 W/m2*K.
It should be noted that some of the coating to the back layer of PVC on its thermal insulation properties are not inferior to materials in textiles. The characteristics of linoleum on the basis of PVC depends on the thickness of the coating and density of the foam.
Produced material and laminated with PVC and polyester, which combines the advantages of these two materials.
Myth 4. Linoleum is easily torn and stretched
A "skeleton" of the current heterogeneous cover is fiberglass. Thanks to his presence and strength of the multilayer structure of modern linoleum significantly higher than the previously common materials. Additionally, the fiberglass preserves the linear dimensions of the canvas. This means that the coating will not stretch and will not shrivel with time, treacherously crawling out of the woodwork. In addition, modern linoleum is made on the basis of PVC foam, whose components are more strongly related to each other, which gives additional strength to the material.
However, when even the flooring surfaces must be sound in mind about the basic rules of styling. Often linoleum lay on the old floors, such as parquet. If his plates were cracked and chipped, over time, these defects can be stamped on the linoleum. To prevent such problems it is necessary to thoroughly clean and smooth the surface of the base.
Myth 5. When laying linoleum visible seams
20 years ago a similar problem occurred very often. In the market of linoleum were presented in limited quantities and mainly with standard roll widths 1.5 — 2 meters. Today, the buyer initially has the opportunity to choose the right size cover. For example, among household Tarkett collections are the products of a width of from 1.5 to 4 meters. In addition, the possible joining of webs of linoleum, which is recommended to use a modern cold welding technology. This is performed using a special glue that not only binds two banners, and, dissolving, actually melts and welds the edges of the linoleum. This ensures the highest degree of reliability of connections, and the seam is almost invisible. This method is appropriate for bezosnovnyj linoleum, and ground.
Linoleum is laid on a flat base, couplers from a polymer solution, wood fiber boards or drywall sheets. Before laying the thin polymer coating is necessary to complete all construction, plumbing, electrical work.
In the main working operations includes cleaning and leveling the surface, priming it, flooring wood fiberboard on mastic, assessment and ageing of the cut linoleum, linoleum partial prirezka of the contour drawing on the base of mastic and adhering the carpet, rolling on the linoleum, cutting a throat and gluing in joints, installation of plinths.
The device of cement base includes the following processes: a device of the subfloor, laying jointing, filling the space between the rails and joints after removal, the grout surface.
After the training grounds to meet his primer for better adhesion of the layer: adhered to the mastic base primed with a solution of bitumen in gasoline in the ratio 1:3; if you use glue "Bustilat" primer perform 15% aqueous solution of glue.
For one-two days before the stickers linoleum is rolled out and kept in a warm room, to avoid waviness in the hair and straighten the folds remaining after storage in rolls. Rolled cloth prirezajut on the spot, mark its position on the floor and re-rolled into a roll to the middle. On a net basis is applied with a notched trowel a thin layer of mastic (1 mm) and gradually unroll the folded part of the cloth, Primera linoleum on top of cloth from the middle to the side edges so that under it had no air. The following panel stack overlap (overlap edges) 5 — 10 mm. linoleum Edges connecting to it should not stick, do this after connecting, and at the edges, and tie additional mastic is applied. After two or three days after removing the residual linear deformation and evaporation through the joints of the solvent, the two layers of linoleum prirezajut on the steel ruler. The sutures applied Reiki and inventory tightening weight. Contaminated with mastic places on the linoleum wiped with a rag, removing from the surface excess of the composition. To walk on the floor only a day later. After gluing of joints of linoleum installed wooden wainscoting, nailing up.
When the coating of a roll of carpet materials are used two method of laying: gluing and laying on the ground with the pin around the perimeter of the room.
When cutting linoleum you should consider the location of the paintings in the room: the paintings and monochrome marbled linoleum should be laid in the direction of the light beam. Such direction hides the seams, the floor becomes a monolith.
In the corridors of the canvas of a single color linoleum should be located along and marbled — wide. Canvas linoleum print lay in the longitudinal direction, picking up the picture. You need to choose the direction of the inclination of the pile: for the panels it should be equally directed and preferably from the window. Carpets cut into cloths and laid with the overlap of the edges. In the unfolded state of the cloth can withstand up to complete disappearance of the waviness for two days.
Carpet materials are bonded with dispersion adhesives (based on synthetic resins and rubbers). Before the flooring prepare base: clear cracks and damage to the screed, remove dust, dried to a moisture content of not more than 5%.
Sticker williamsis the carpet roll to roll to the middle. On the base is applied with a spatula a layer of adhesive KN-2, KN-3 with a thickness of 0,6 — 0,7 mm, leaving a free strip of width 100 — 150 mm along the edges of the carpet for subsequent connecting of joints. When using dispersion adhesives carpet glued to the base immediately, and the application of the adhesives based on synthetic resins and rubbers — in 15 — 20 minutes after applying the adhesive to the base. The carpet is first pressed against the base along the axial line along its middle, and then smooth from the middle to the edges: carpets prirezajut joints are glued, not earlier than three days after the stickers went to the shrinkage. Prirezku edges of the carpet are produced similarly prirezke edges of the linoleum.
Edge glued linoleum as well as carpeting. Speaking from the intersection of glue and remove with a cloth. Maintenance of carpet is possible within three days after sticker.
The edges of linoleum along the walls of the closed wood or PVC skirting. PVC skirting warm over hot water, from which it loses stiffness quickly wipe with a dry cloth and glued to the quick-drying, coumarone-rubber mastic KH-2 KH-3. The surface of the wall in the places of gluing skirting boards pre-primed with mastic. Uneven surface shpatljujut the same mastic (KN-2) add sifted cement, leaving for a few hours. Then smear the plinth and the Foundation under it with a thin layer of fresh putty, allowed to stand for 10 to 15 minutes for volatilization of a solvent and tightly pressed against the skirting Board to the wall, wiping it with a rag.
When laying the seams on the linoleum with drawing it is recommended to Orient parallel to the direction of light, in this case they will be virtually invisible.
Modern linoleum is more functional and attractive. And because of that fact old myths associated with its use, are gradually disappearing. And in their place come the facts that look more convincing than stereotypes and speculation.
Onoznacenie:
Laying linoleum mastic
(a—directly on a level concrete slab;
b—on uneven overlapping of the screed;
in—screed heat-insulating layer;
Mr. clay):
1 —linoleum;
2—adhesive layer;
3—slab with a smooth surface;
4—a plate with a rough surface;
5—tie;
6—heat or zvukoizoliruyuschie;
7—soil basis;
8—concrete sub-base.
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text:
var accumulate = require('./accumulate');

describe('accumulate()', function() {

  it('accumulation empty', function() {
    var accumulator = function(e) { return e * e; };
    expect(accumulate([], accumulator)).toEqual([]);
  });

  xit('accumulate squares', function() {
    var accumulator = function(number) {
      return number * number;
    };

    var result = accumulate([1, 2, 3], accumulator);

    expect(result).toEqual([1, 4, 9]);
  });

  xit('accumulate upcases', function() {
    var accumulator = function(word) {
      return word.toUpperCase();
    };

    var result = accumulate('hello world'.split(/\s/), accumulator);

    expect(result).toEqual(['HELLO', 'WORLD']);
  });

  xit('accumulate reversed strings', function() {
    var accumulator = function(word) {
      return word.split('').reverse().join('');
    };

    var result = accumulate('the quick brown fox etc'.split(/\s/), accumulator);

    expect(result).toEqual(['eht', 'kciuq', 'nworb', 'xof', 'cte']);
  });

  xit('accumulate recursively', function() {
    var result = accumulate('a b c'.split(/\s/), function(char) {
      return accumulate('1 2 3'.split(/\s/), function(digit) {
        return char + digit;
      });
    });

    expect(result).toEqual([['a1', 'a2', 'a3'], ['b1', 'b2', 'b3'], ['c1', 'c2', 'c3']]);
  });

});


We've all done it—drank from a questionable carton of milk, mowed down on the remains of old yogurt, and even dared cook meat that had been in the freezer for a few months (well six to be exact).
Researchers have discovered that the caramel coloring used in many carbonated beverages can raise the risk of cancer.
We like to think that diet soda can help us keep off unwanted pounds, but a new study shows that may not be the reality.
A new study adds yet another element to the seemingly neverending exploration of the question: "is chocolate healthy?


text:
Archbishop: Rules for sharing Eucharist could relax
New Zealand doctors suffering from a burnout 'epidemic'
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An English Catholic archbishop believes the Vatican may be willing to relax the circumstances for sharing Eucharist with members of other Christian denominations.
Archbishop Bernard Longley of Birmingham said that the 1993 Ecumenism Directory made certain relaxations in the rules for the sharing of Eucharist.
"Given that that represents a change, and a very significant shift away from the impossibility to the limited possibility, then I could imagine and foresee one of the fruits of our ecumenical engagement as moving towards a deeper understanding of communion and a deeper sharing, a deeper communion between our churches which perhaps would lead to reconsideration of some of the circumstances," he said.
Archbishop Longley is the Catholic co-chair of the Third Anglican/Roman Catholic International Commission (ARCIC III).
He was speaking to an Anglican publication following a joint session of the National Advisers' Committee on Ecumenism of the Irish (Roman Catholic) Episcopal Conference and representatives of the Church of Ireland (Anglican) Commission for Christian Unity and Dialogue.
Asked if he felt healing on the issue would indeed come, the archbishop said, "I know that that will be the case", and described the "pain" of division at the Eucharist as "a spur" towards resolving the issue.
However, he also pointed to how, over the past several decades, "further challenges — obstacles, if you like — in the way of that have been placed before us and they also have their part to play in what holds us back from sharing the Eucharist together".
Affirming that a further relaxation in the Vatican's regulations "could happen", the archbishop added, however, that he "wouldn't like to predict the rate or the pace of change towards that".
Anglican Communion News Service
Image: MSN News
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Anglican and Catholic parishes working…
Ribat not sharing communion with Protestants painful
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News category: World.
Tags: Anglican, Archbishop Longley, Ecumenism, Roman Catholic
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As Francis did last month when he appointed a fellow Jesuit, Fr. Juan Guerrero Alves, to take charge at the Secretariat for the Economy, the pope is filling a high-level Vatican post with a known friend and supporter of his reform agenda. And some observers wonder if this is the start of a trend that Read more
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The Michigan-based company Covenant Eyes markets itself to Christians who want to stop viewing pornography. Its software takes screenshots of a user's screen activity, uses A.I. to scan it for pornographic imagery, and then sends regular reports to the user and a designated "ally" who has agreed to hold him accountable. The company's name comes Read more
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This should have been a heroic first year for the $80 million inquiry. It wasn't, unfortunately, and there were rather a few too many occasions when it seemed as if – adapting the words of the 18th century English essayist Horace Walpole – everything has been at sea except the fleet. While striving to get Read more
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