text:
Q: Conditional SkipTo+Optional match I am trying to parse some .LIB files using pyparsing. I have a scenario where I have some string structures that follow a similar layout, however there are variants inside that can change the required grammar.
TL;DR of issue:
I need to be able to bypass portions of a string to the next token that could Optionally not be there.
Here is a snippet of a LIB file.
PIN EXAMPLE WITH NO TIMING
pin (core_c_sysclk ) {
  clock : true ;
  direction : input ;
  capacitance :  0.0040;
  max_transition :  0.1000;
  related_ground_pin :   "vss" ;
  related_power_pin :   "vcc" ;
  fanout_load :  1.0000;
  min_pulse_width_low :  0.1853;
  min_pulse_width_high :  0.1249;

} /* End of pin core_c_sysclk */

bus (core_tx_td ){
  bus_type :  bus2 ;

  /* Start of pin core_tx_td[9] */
  PIN EXAMPLE WITH  TIMING
  pin (core_tx_td[9] ) {
    direction : output ;
    capacitance :  0.0005;
    max_transition :  0.1000;
    related_ground_pin :   "vss" ;
    related_power_pin :   "vcc" ;
    max_fanout :  15.0000;
    max_capacitance :  0.1000;

    /* Start of rising_edge arc of pin core_tx_td[9] wrt pin core_tx_tclk */
    timing() {                        <----WHAT I WANT (to know if this is in the pin)
      timing_type : rising_edge ;
      timing_sense : non_unate ;
      min_delay_arc :   "true" ;
      related_pin :" core_tx_tclk ";  <----WHAT I WANT (core_tx_tclk in this case)
    rise_transition (lut_timing_4 ){
       values(\
        REMOVED FOR CLARITY
        );
      }
    fall_transition (lut_timing_4 ){
       values(\
        REMOVED FOR CLARITY
        );
      }
    cell_rise (lut_timing_4 ){
       values(\
        REMOVED FOR CLARITY
        );
      }
    cell_fall (lut_timing_4 ){
       values(\
        REMOVED FOR CLARITY
        );
      }
    } /* End of rising_edge arc of pin core_tx_td[9] wrt pin core_tx_tclk */
    .....More but not really needed for example

The main values of interests are the 'pin' name, clock type, direction, and IF the timing() exists, the related pin.
So far, here is what I have for parsing the strings:
LP          = '('
RP          = ')'
LCB         = '{'
RCB         = '}'
COM         = ','

#Pins/Signals
pin_dec       = (Keyword('pin') + LP + Word(alphanums+'_/[]').setResultsName('name') + RP).setResultsName('pin_dec')
pin_clk       = (Keyword('clock') + ':' + Word(alphanums+'_/').setResultsName('is_clk') + ';').setResultsName('pin_clk')
pin_dir       = (Keyword('direction') + ':' + Word(alphanums+'_/').setResultsName('dir') + ';').setResultsName('pin_dir')
pin_arc       = (Keyword('related_pin') + ':' + '"' + Word(alphanums+'_/[]').setResultsName('name') + '"' + ';').setResultsName('pin_arc')
pin_timing    = (Keyword('timing') + LP + RP + LCB + SkipTo(pin_arc) + Optional(pin_arc)).setResultsName('pin_timing')
pin_end       =  Keyword('} /* End of pin') + SkipTo('*/')
pin           = pin_dec + LCB + Optional(pin_clk) + Optional(pin_dir) + SkipTo(Optional(pin_timing))  + SkipTo(pin_end) + pin_end

The pin (), clock check, and direction check are straightforward and seem to work. My issue is with the pin_timing and pin_arc check. In some cases, as seen in the code, you can have additional lines of information that are not needed. I tried to used SkipTo(pin_timing), however it's possible that the pin_timing element could not be there, so I would want to skip it if possible.
I have tried to do an Optional(SkipTo(pin_timing)) and SkipTo(Optional(pin_timing)), but neither of these seem to give me the proper results. Here is a snippet of the code to test out the example string:
for bla in pin.searchString(test_str):
  print('========')
  print('Pin name: ' + bla.pin_dec.name)
  if bla.pin_dir:
    print('Pin Dir: ' + bla.pin_dir.dir)
  if bla.pin_clk:
    print('Pin Clk: ' + bla.pin_clk.is_clk)
  #if bla.pin_timing: just trying to print for debug
  print('Pin Timing: ' + bla.pin_timing)

Output is the following:
========
Pin name: core_c_sysclk
Pin Dir: input
Pin Clk: true
Pin Timing:
========
Pin name: core_tx_pwr_st[2]
Pin Dir: output
Pin Timing:
========
Pin name: core_tx_pwr_st[1]
Pin Dir: output
Pin Timing:
========
Pin name: core_tx_pwr_st[0]
Pin Dir: output
Pin Timing:
========
Pin name: core_tx_td[9]
Pin Dir: output
Pin Timing:

Setting debug on the pin_timing (using pin_timing.setDebug()), I get the following output:
Match {"timing" "(" ")" "{" SkipTo:({"related_pin" ":" """ W:(abcd...) """ ";"}) [{"related_pin" ":" """ W:(abcd...) """ ";"}]} at loc 596(22,7)
Exception raised:Expected "timing" (at char 596), (line:22, col:7)

Based on this, it is raising the exception on the max_transition line. I haven't been able to understand why it's doing this. Also wondering why it doesn't give the same exception on the capacitance line. I'm guessing that I am either using Optional + SkipTo incorrectly, so if there is any example that could be used to skip to an optional token, and bypass if not available, that would be nice to see. I have looked through the PyParsing docs and several SO topics, however most of those didn't seem to answer this particular question.
I have wondered if I need to get the entire pin() string from the file and then perform a recursive parse/search to extract the timing/related_pin, however I was going to see if there was an easier solution before trying that.
Thanks

A: Optional and SkipTo usually require a little care when used together. SkipTo generally looks for its target expression without considering what other expressions come before or after it in a parser.
Here is an example. Using SkipTo to parse these lines:
a b c z
a d e 100 d z

Beginning with 'a', ending with 'z', and some intervening alphas, and possibly an integer.
We can write this as:
start = pp.Char('a').setName('start')
end = pp.Char('z').setName('end')
num = pp.Word(pp.nums).setName('num')

And we'll use SkipTo because who knows what else might be in there?
expr = (start
        + pp.Optional(pp.SkipTo(num) + num)
        + pp.SkipTo(end)
        + end)

Throw some tests at it:
expr.runTests("""
    a b c z
    a d e 100 d z
    a 100 b d z
    """)

And they all look pretty good:
a b c z
['a', 'b c ', 'z']

a d e 100 d z
['a', 'd e ', '100', 'd ', 'z']

a 100 b d z
['a', '', '100', 'b d ', 'z']

But if there can be multiple exprs, then SkipTo might skip too much:
pp.OneOrMore(pp.Group(expr)).runTests("""
    a b c z
    a d e 100 d z
    a 100 b d z

    # not what we want
    a b c z a d e 100 d z
    """)

Gives:
a b c z
[['a', 'b c ', 'z']]
[0]:
  ['a', 'b c ', 'z']

a d e 100 d z
[['a', 'd e ', '100', 'd ', 'z']]
[0]:
  ['a', 'd e ', '100', 'd ', 'z']

a 100 b d z
[['a', '', '100', 'b d ', 'z']]
[0]:
  ['a', '', '100', 'b d ', 'z']

# not what we want
a b c z a d e 100 d z
[['a', 'b c z a d e ', '100', 'd ', 'z']]
[0]:
  ['a', 'b c z a d e ', '100', 'd ', 'z']

The last test string shows SkipTo skipping right past the end of the first group until it hits '100' in the second group, and we only get one big group instead of two.
We need to indicate to SkipTo that it can't read past the end of the group looking for num. To do this, use failOn:
expr = (start
        + pp.Optional(pp.SkipTo(num, failOn=end) + num)
        + pp.SkipTo(end)
        + end)

We want the skipping to fail if it hits the end expression before finding a num. Since we've said this is optional, it's no problem, and now our test looks like:
pp.OneOrMore(pp.Group(expr)).runTests("""
    # better
    a b c z a d e 100 d z
    """)

# better
a b c z a d e 100 d z
[['a', 'b c ', 'z'], ['a', 'd e ', '100', 'd ', 'z']]
[0]:
  ['a', 'b c ', 'z']
[1]:
  ['a', 'd e ', '100', 'd ', 'z']

Now looking at your example, here is your grammar. I made some changes, mostly changing expr.setResultsName("some_name") to expr("some_name") and Grouped your expressions so that your hierarchical naming works, bot mostly, adding failOn in your optional SkipTo so that it won't skip past the pin_end expression:
identifier    = Word(alphanums+'_/[]')
pin_dec       = Group(Keyword('pin') + LP + identifier('name') + RP)('pin_dec')
pin_clk       = Group(Keyword('clock') + ':' + identifier('is_clk') + ';')('pin_clk')
pin_dir       = Group(Keyword('direction') + ':' + identifier('dir') + ';')('pin_dir')
pin_arc       = Group(Keyword('related_pin')
                      + ':'
                      + '"' + identifier('name') + '"'
                      + ';')('pin_arc')
pin_timing    = Group(Keyword('timing')
                      + LP + RP
                      + LCB
                      + SkipTo(pin_arc)
                      + Optional(pin_arc))('pin_timing')
pin_end       = RCB + Optional(cStyleComment)
pin           = Group(pin_dec
                      + LCB
                      + Optional(pin_clk)
                      + Optional(pin_dir)
                      + Optional(SkipTo(pin_timing, failOn=pin_end))
                      + SkipTo(pin_end)
                      + pin_end

for parsed in pin.searchString(sample):
    print(parsed.dump())
    print()

Giving:
[[['pin', '(', 'core_c_sysclk', ')'], '{', ['clock', ':', 'true', ';'], ['direction', ':', 'input', ';'], 'capacitance :  0.0040;\n  max_transition :  0.1000;\n  related_ground_pin :   "vss" ;\n  related_power_pin :   "vcc" ;\n  fanout_load :  1.0000;\n  min_pulse_width_low :  0.1853;\n  min_pulse_width_high :  0.1249;', '', '}', '/* End of pin core_c_sysclk */']]
[0]:
  [['pin', '(', 'core_c_sysclk', ')'], '{', ['clock', ':', 'true', ';'], ['direction', ':', 'input', ';'], 'capacitance :  0.0040;\n  max_transition :  0.1000;\n  related_ground_pin :   "vss" ;\n  related_power_pin :   "vcc" ;\n  fanout_load :  1.0000;\n  min_pulse_width_low :  0.1853;\n  min_pulse_width_high :  0.1249;', '', '}', '/* End of pin core_c_sysclk */']
  - pin_clk: ['clock', ':', 'true', ';']
    - is_clk: 'true'
  - pin_dec: ['pin', '(', 'core_c_sysclk', ')']
    - name: 'core_c_sysclk'
  - pin_dir: ['direction', ':', 'input', ';']
    - dir: 'input'

[[['pin', '(', 'core_tx_td[9]', ')'], '{', ['direction', ':', 'output', ';'], 'capacitance :  0.0005;\n    max_transition :  0.1000;\n    related_ground_pin :   "vss" ;\n    related_power_pin :   "vcc" ;\n    max_fanout :  15.0000;\n    max_capacitance :  0.1000;\n\n    /* Start of rising_edge arc of pin core_tx_td[9] wrt pin core_tx_tclk */\n    ', 'timing() {                        <----WHAT I WANT (to know if this is in the pin)\n      timing_type : rising_edge ;\n      timing_sense : non_unate ;\n      min_delay_arc :   "true" ;\n      related_pin :" core_tx_tclk ";  <----WHAT I WANT (core_tx_tclk in this case)\n    rise_transition (lut_timing_4 ){\n       values(        REMOVED FOR CLARITY\n        );\n      ', '}']]
[0]:
  [['pin', '(', 'core_tx_td[9]', ')'], '{', ['direction', ':', 'output', ';'], 'capacitance :  0.0005;\n    max_transition :  0.1000;\n    related_ground_pin :   "vss" ;\n    related_power_pin :   "vcc" ;\n    max_fanout :  15.0000;\n    max_capacitance :  0.1000;\n\n    /* Start of rising_edge arc of pin core_tx_td[9] wrt pin core_tx_tclk */\n    ', 'timing() {                        <----WHAT I WANT (to know if this is in the pin)\n      timing_type : rising_edge ;\n      timing_sense : non_unate ;\n      min_delay_arc :   "true" ;\n      related_pin :" core_tx_tclk ";  <----WHAT I WANT (core_tx_tclk in this case)\n    rise_transition (lut_timing_4 ){\n       values(        REMOVED FOR CLARITY\n        );\n      ', '}']
  - pin_dec: ['pin', '(', 'core_tx_td[9]', ')']
    - name: 'core_tx_td[9]'
  - pin_dir: ['direction', ':', 'output', ';']
    - dir: 'output'

So you really were pretty close, just needed to structure Optional and SkipTo correctly, and add failOn and some Groups. The rest is pretty much the way you had it.


text:
function ArduinoFirmwareViewModel() {
  var self = this;
  var numberOfSteps = 6;
  self.stepsDone = ko.observable(0);
  self.selectedFile = ko.observable();
  self.uploadPercentage = ko.observable(0);
  self.uploaded = ko.observable(false);
  self.unpacking = ko.observable(false);
  self.unpacked = ko.observable(false);
  self.compiling = ko.observable(false);
  self.compiled = ko.observable(false);
  self.arduinoUploading = ko.observable(false);
  self.arduinoUploaded = ko.observable(false);
  self.detailsVisible = ko.observable(false);
  self.details = ko.observable();
  self.failed = ko.observable(false);
  self.reset = function () {
    self.stepsDone(0);
    self.selectedFile('');
    self.uploadPercentage(0);
    self.uploaded(false);
    self.unpacked(false);
    self.unpacking(false);
    self.compiling(false);
    self.compiled(false);
    self.arduinoUploading(false);
    self.arduinoUploaded(false);
    self.detailsVisible(false);
    self.details('');
    self.failed(false);
  };
  self.selectedFileName = ko.computed(function () {
    if (self.selectedFile()) {
      return self.selectedFile().name;
    }
    return '';
  });
  self.isValidFirmwareFile = ko.computed(function () {
    var fileName = self.selectedFileName();
    var ext = fileName.split('.').pop().toLowerCase();
    return $.inArray(ext, [
      'zip',
      'ino',
      'gz'
    ]) != -1;
  });
  self.browserDoesSupportFileApi = ko.computed(function () {
    return !(window.File && window.FileReader);
  });
  self.overallPercentage = ko.computed(function () {
    var percentage = 100 / numberOfSteps * self.stepsDone();
    console.log('percentage: ' + numberOfSteps + ' done: ' + self.stepsDone());
    return percentage;
  });
  self.inProgress = ko.computed(function () {
    return self.stepsDone() !== 0;
  });
  self.updateStatus = function (data) {
    if (data.errorMessage) {
      self.failed(true);
      return;
    }
    if (self[self.lastStatus]) {
      self[self.lastStatus](false);
    }
    self[data.key](true);
    self.stepsDone(self.stepsDone() + 1);
  };
  self.toggleDetails = function () {
    if (self.detailsVisible()) {
      self.detailsVisible(false);
    } else {
      self.detailsVisible(true);
    }
  };
  self.logOutput = function (data) {
    self.details(self.details() + data);
  };
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home Office staff vote to strike over jobs and pay
Image caption Border operations have come in for criticism
Thousands of members of the Public and Commercial Services (PCS) union at the Home Office are set to go on strike over jobs, pay and other issues.
The PCS said 57.2% of those who voted backed strike action - the turnout was 20%.
Although dates have not been set, there is the prospect of strikes affecting the London 2012 Olympic Games because Border Agency staff are involved.
Immigration Minister Damian Green said a strike was "completely unacceptable".
Details of strike dates and what form the industrial action will take are expected on Thursday. Just over 75% of members who voted were in favour of action short of strike action.
The union said it was in dispute over longstanding issues with the Home Office, including cuts to UK Border Agency staff.
About 16,000 union members were balloted across the Home Office, including in the Border Agency, the Identity and Passport Service and the Criminal Records Bureau.
The PCS said the cuts at the UK Border Agency were continuing "to cause chaos at the borders and queues at airports".
'Undermining public services'
PCS general secretary Mark Serwotka said: "We believe [ministers] have acted recklessly and irresponsibly in cutting so many jobs and, in the case of UKBA, they have simply tried to paper over the cracks by deploying severely undertrained staff at our borders.
"If these issues are not resolved, they threaten to seriously undermine the Home Office's ability to provide vital public services, and we cannot sit back and allow that to happen."
This week the National Audit Office said the UK Border Agency had laid off 1,000 more staff than intended and was having to hire extra people and increase overtime to meet its workload.
The union said for its members the wider issues under dispute were: job losses, particularly compulsory redundancies; pay and conditions such as government plans to cap pay increases at 1% for the next two years; and privatisation, such as using private companies to clear up a backlog of immigration and asylum casework in the Border Agency.
'No authority'
Mr Green warned the union that he did not believe the public would support any disruption, and called on it to reconsider.
He said: "Only about one in 10 PCS members voted for strike action. The union leadership has no authority to call disruptive strikes on that basis and should think again.
"The security of the UK border is of the utmost importance and we will use our trained pool of contingency staff to ensure we minimise any disruption caused by planned union action.
"Any action that disrupts the Olympics will be completely unacceptable and the public will not support it."
The PCS is one of the largest unions in the UK with around 250,000 public sector members.
PCS members at the Department for Transport have been taking industrial action over the past few weeks, while staff in other departments, including the ministries of defence and justice, are set to vote shortly on how to campaign against cuts.
Border staff 'being cut too fast'
Heathrow queues: Border Force 'ready' for Olympics
Public and Commercial Services union

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How does /proc/* work? There are many files in /proc, like /proc/cpuinfo, /proc/meminfo, /proc/devices and so on, which, when opened, return system information.
These files do not seem to have any existence in reality, as running file on them only tells that they're empty.
$ file /proc/cpuinfo
/proc/cpuinfo: empty

How do these files work exactly?

A: It's actually pretty simple, at least if you don't need the implementation details.
First off, on Linux all file systems (ext2, ext3, btrfs, reiserfs, tmpfs, zfs, ...) are implemented in the kernel. Some may offload work to userland code through FUSE, and some come only in the form of a kernel module (native ZFS is a notable example of the latter due to licensing restrictions), but either way there remains a kernel component. This is an important basic.
When a program wants to read from a file, it will issue various system library calls which ultimately end up in the kernel in the form of an open(), read(), close() sequence (possibly with seek() thrown in for good measure). The kernel takes the provided path and filename, and through the file system and device I/O layer translates these to physical read requests (and in many cases also write requests -- think for example atime updates) to some underlying storage.
However, it doesn't have to translate those requests specifically to physical, persistent storage. The kernel's contract is that issuing that particular set of system calls will provide the contents of the file in question. Where exactly in our physical realm the "file" exists is secondary to this.
On /proc is usually mounted what is known as procfs. That is a special file system type, but since it is a file system, it really is no different from e.g. an ext3 file system mounted somewhere. So the request gets passed to the procfs file system driver code, which knows about all these files and directories and returns particular pieces of information from the kernel data structures.
The "storage layer" in this case is the kernel data structures, and procfs provides a clean, convenient interface to accessing those. Do keep in mind that mounting procfs at /proc is simply convention; you could just as easily mount it elsewhere. In fact, that is sometimes done, for example in chroot jails when the process running there needs access to /proc for some reason.
It works the same way if you write a value to some file; at the kernel level, that translates to a series of open(), seek(), write(), close() calls which again get passed to the file system driver; again, in this particular case, the procfs code.
The particular reason why you see file returning empty is that many of the files exposed by procfs are exposed with a size of 0 bytes. The 0 byte size is likely an optimization on the kernel side (many of the files in /proc are dynamic and can easily vary in length, possibly even from one read to the next, and calculating the length of each file on every directory read would potentially be very expensive). Going by the comments to this answer, which you can verify on your own system by running through strace or a similar tool, file first issues a stat() call to detect any special files, and then takes the opportunity to, if the file size is reported as 0, abort and report the file as being empty.
This behavior is actually documented and can be overridden by specifying -s or --special-files on the file invocation, although as stated in the manual page that may have side effects. The quote below is from the BSD file 5.11 man page, dated Oct 17 2011.

Normally, file only attempts to read and determine the type of argument files which stat(2) reports are ordinary files.  This prevents problems, because reading special files may have peculiar consequences.  Specifying the -s option causes file to also read argument files which are block or character special files. This is useful for determining the filesystem types of the data in raw disk partitions, which are block special files.  This option also causes file to disregard the file size as reported by stat(2) since on some systems it reports a zero size for raw disk partitions.

A: You are correct, they are not real files.
In simplest terms, it's a way to talk to the kernel using the normal methods of reading and writing files, instead of calling the kernel directly.  It's in line with Unix's "everything is a file" philosophy.
The files in /proc don't physically exist anywhere, but the kernel reacts to the files you read and write within there, and instead of writing to storage, it reports information or does something.
Similarly, the files in /dev aren't really files in the traditional sense (although on some systems the files in /dev may actually exist on disk, they won't have much to them other than what device they refer to) - they enable you to talk to a device using the normal Unix file I/O API - or anything that uses it, like shells

A: Minimal runnable example of creating a new procfs entry
The best way to understand these things in my opinion is to actually play around with them, so here is a kernel module that creates a procfs entry:
myprocfs.c
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h> /* seq_read, seq_lseek, single_open, single_release */
#include <uapi/linux/stat.h> /* S_IRUSR */

static const char *filename = "lkmc_procfs";

static int show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
    seq_printf(m, "abcd\n");
    return 0;
}

static int open(struct inode *inode, struct  file *file)
{
    return single_open(file, show, NULL);
}

static const struct file_operations fops = {
    .llseek = seq_lseek,
    .open = open,
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .read = seq_read,
    .release = single_release,
};

static int myinit(void)
{
    proc_create(filename, 0, NULL, &fops);
    return 0;
}

static void myexit(void)
{
    remove_proc_entry(filename, NULL);
}

module_init(myinit)
module_exit(myexit)
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

and then we interact with it as:
insmod procfs.ko
cat /proc/lkmc_procfs

and that produces the output:
abcd

From this example, we see clearly that proc files allow us to implement arbitrary "file related system calls" such as open, read and llseek.
Those system calls can then be used for arbitrary communication with the kernel.
Therefore, those files don't need to have anything to do with actual files in file systems, and that is the case for almost all of them.
In our little example for example, we simply make an useless file for which read always returns abcd\n.
Here is my fully automated QEMU + Buildroot setup to easily and safely build and play with this kernel module:

*

*getting started

*procfs example documentation
Some other similar interfaces include:

*

*debugfs offers basically the exact same interface but indicates less stable API, here is an example.

*character devices are also very similar, but the files are created with mknod, e.g.: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/37829/how-do-character-device-or-character-special-files-work/371758#371758

*sysfs is another more restricted option, see this answer for more details: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/4884/what-is-the-difference-between-procfs-and-sysfs/382315#382315

A: Inside the /proc directory, there are two types of content, first numbered directory and the second one is system information file.
/proc is a virtual file system. For example, if you do ls -l /proc/stat, you'll notice that it has a size of 0 bytes, but if you do "cat /proc/stat", you'll see some content inside the file.
Do a ls -l /proc, and you'll see lot of directories with just numbers. These numbers represents the process IDs (PIDs). The files inside this numbered directory corresponds to the process with that particular PID.
Some files which are available under /proc, contains system information such as cpuinfo, meminfo, and loadavg.
Some Linux commands read the information from these /proc files and display it. For example, the free command, reads the memory information from the /proc/meminfo file, formats it, and displays it.
To learn more about the individual /proc files, do "man 5 FILENAME".
/proc/cmdline – Kernel command line
/proc/cpuinfo – Information about the processors.
/proc/devices – List of device drivers configured into the currently running kernel.
/proc/dma – Shows which DMA channels are being used at the moment.
/proc/fb – Frame Buffer devices.
/proc/filesystems – File systems supported by the kernel.
/proc/interrupts – Number of interrupts per IRQ on architecture.
/proc/iomem – This file shows the current map of the system's memory for its various devices
/proc/ioports – provides a list of currently registered port regions used for input or output communication with a device
/proc/loadavg – Contains load average of the system
The first three columns measure CPU utilization of the last 1, 5, and 10 minute periods.
The fourth column shows the number of currently running processes and the total number of processes.
The last column displays the last process ID used.
/proc/locks – Displays the files currently locked by the kernel
Sample line:
1: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 14375 08:03:114727 0 EOF
/proc/meminfo – Current utilization of primary memory on the system
/proc/misc – This file lists miscellaneous drivers registered on the miscellaneous major device, which is number 10
/proc/modules – Displays a list of all modules that have been loaded by the system
/proc/mounts – This file provides a quick list of all mounts in use by the system
/proc/partitions – Very detailed information on the various partitions currently available to the system
/proc/pci – Full listing of every PCI device on your system
/proc/stat – Keeps track of a variety of different statistics about the system since it was last restarted
/proc/swap – Measures swap space and its utilization
/proc/uptime – Contains information about uptime of the system
/proc/version – Version of the Linux kernel, gcc, name of the Linux flavor installed.

A: In this directory, you can control how the kernel views devices, adjust kernel settings, add devices to the kernel and remove them again. In this directory you can directly view the memory usage and I/O statistics.
You can see which disks are mounted and what file systems are used. In short, every single aspect of your Linux system can be examined from this directory, if you know what to look for.
The /proc directory is not a normal directory. If you were to boot from a boot CD and look at that directory on your hard drive, you would see it as being empty. When you look at it under your normal running system it can be quite large. However, it doesn't seem to be using any hard disk space. This is because it is a virtual file system.
Since the /proc file system is a virtual file system and resides in memory, a new /proc file system is created every time your Linux machine reboots.
In other words, it is just a means of easily peeking and poking at the guts of the Linux system through a file and directory type interface. When you look at a file in the /proc directory, you are looking directly at a range of memory in the Linux kernel and seeing what it can see.
The layers in the file system

Examples:

*

*Inside /proc, there is a directory for each running process, named with its process ID. These directories contain files that have useful information about the processes, such as:

*

*exe: which is a symbolic link to the file on disk the process was started from.

*cwd: which is a symbolic link to the working directory of the process.

*wchan: which, when read, returns the waiting channel the process is on.

*maps: which, when read, returns the memory maps of the process.

*/proc/uptime returns the uptime as two decimal values in seconds, separated by a space:

*

*the amount of time since the kernel was started.

*the amount of time that the kernel has been idle.

*/proc/interrupts: For information related to interrupts.

*/proc/modules: For a list of modules.

For more detailed information see man proc or kernel.org.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Paradise Valley is a small, affluent town in Maricopa County, Arizona. It is the wealthiest … The Paradise Valley Unified School District is one of the largest in the state, though like many other institutions with the … Price, Sr. House, Norman Lykes House, McCure Mansion/Hormel Mansion, and Barry goldwater memorial park.
Deer Valley or Deer Valley Village is one of the 15 urban villages that make up Phoenix, … Turf Paradise, a horse racetrack and Wet'n'Wild Phoenix, a 35-acre ( 14 ha) … and the Arizona's largest theme park are both located in Deer Valley.


At Waste Adviser, we strive to bring you the best service at the best price available. We have a wide selection of dumpster sizes in stock in Cove, OR, with flexible & timley pickup and delivery. Give us a call today for all your dumpster rental and roll off needs.
If you have ever taken old wallpaper off you comprehend it is a chaos and a huge chore. Older wallpaper items that are tricky to get off thanks to the glue that was applied when the wallpaper was installed. Sometimes building crews or painters will make use of a machine to find the wallpaper off of walls. This is much quicker and not as much work as tearing it well by hand. You still have significant pieces and also small components of wallpaper everywhere over the kitchen flooring. The person working on the wall surfaces can simply grab the garbage and also throw the idea into a rented dumpster so they can quickly obtain back to work. You would like to make the job as easy as possible since job is very high priced. The longer your labor usually takes, the higher your current bill is going to be.
For the cases when standard junk pickup simply won't cut it, consider . On this option, you may benefit from the ease and comfort of at-home garbage collection, and you can dump large goods and large amounts of junk without difficulty.
Regardless of whether your storage area is stuffed with old furnishings and gathered rubbish or you're looking for assist with construction dust or est cleanups, get together and carrying off of which junk is usually a big work. But you don't possess to go it alone! There are numerous different solutions available to assist you with garbage removal large and small.
Dumpsters are significant trash containers that are applied to dispose large tons of junk on completion of major assignments. Containers typically arrive in a couple different types, roll off dumpster and also trash dumpster.
In regards to removing junk from your property or home, you have a couple options: hire a junk carrying company or opt for 8 Yard Dumpster in Cove, OR. Depending on your particular specifications, either of the two expert services can supply you with the trash removing assistance you may need to get your house cleaned up immediately at all! Do you have a modern house that was inbuilt the nineteen-eighties? If so, you might think it is time to enhance your modern house. After all, because the eighties "modern" has come a long way.
Addictive hoarding can be characterized by the inability or disinclination to remove junk from the house, even if the goods being kept have no price, are unsanitary, or actually impede around the sufferer's capacity to perform everyday tasks. Interpersonal interactions, expert aspirations, mobility around the house, and in some cases daily these are the basic washing and also cooking can be created difficult or impossible through the excessive levels of hoarded junk. Conquering this condition demands medical assistance and guidance, as well as meaningful support by family members along with loved ones. Ahead of those methods can be entirely realized, nonetheless, it is important to initially ensure that the living room in question is utterly cleared coming from all superfluous garbage, especially any goods that may be right threatening personalized safety or posing an important risk to the exact property. In order to take this essential step, hoarders might need the help of an experienced junk carrying business.
Several dumpsters, which allow pertaining to mixed materials use, are certainly not allowed in all states. These recycling reusable supplies has become a creative art form. Who would have got thought that any 8 Yard Dumpster in Cove, OR would make this all so much easier? Whenever you pick a 8 Yard Dumpster in Cove, OR business, service possibilities vary, and so sift through them and work out the best site for you. Let one company do all of the "legwork" then offer you the most streamlined selection and best deal there is.
There are various M . d . 8 Yard Dumpster in Coves available with a vehicle that may be designed to take and eliminate bulk components. These dumpster are usually distinguished by dump trucks by setting. Large dumpsters may be placed in the area of your choice at your business sight. Next day delivery options make cleanup simple and efficient; it is possible to call and attain a following day delivery of your respective dumpster. Quick pickup of a full dumpster is also a property to construction 8 Yard Dumpster in Cove. Using a construction 8 Yard Dumpster in Cove makes waste disposal less of a challenge and useful as it doesn't involve debris to get left on your property which is your spot of business.
Acquiring help from expert rental service provider to pick out the right measured dumpster will save your dollars and you will not end up in investing in the free living space in the dumpster. But, help from the professional rental supplier to meet your complete waste management needs set you relaxed from all your current worries about the trash discretion and saves much of your time period.
You can still keep quaint searching farmhouse together with yesteryear charm. You only need to upgrade it every so often to make it high efficiency and even more lovely looking.
Dumpsters are usually available in various the measurements that cover anything from 10 yard along with 40 yard. You have to be added cautious whilst choosing the size dumpster because seeking the wrong measured dumpster other than needed will impose additional prices because you have to consider multiple trucks to dispose your waste if the dumpster is actually small in proportion. You will end up investing in the free living space if you choose a new dumpster that is huge in space.
When you plan a home development project, it may often be very easy to overlook the tidy up aspect of factors. Understandably, your current focus is often on the what exactly, the whenever, and the precisely how. This can revisit haunt a person, though, once you get to the end and you're confronted with a ton of additional work cleaning every thing up. Typically, it can sense that you're conducting a whole next project! That's where a roll-off dumpster could step in being a lifesaver. Find out how renting a dumpster could help you save big once you embark on your following home improvement career.
Don't be a new "hoarder". Unfortunately, some feel it is deemed an actual illness. Many issues are associated with as being a hoarder. Some have lost not only or their loved ones, but their buddies, even the jobs on occasion. it can virtually take over your entire life. Bear in mind "less is more". Every one of us should always attempt to have a good uncluttered household.
To get various quotes you may refer World-wide-web as you will locate all good along with reputable corporations there. It is possible to select the company of your choice following a research along with quote assessment may be. You could be offered to purchase the services on the net with your debit card or by way of other options how the company might provide you with. Your payment course of action with different corporations can be various.
As the day approaches, commence to set some misconception. Mark your house as a sale participant. Get started marking the items with the value you think you can sell it with regard to. Be realistic regarding these charges; if you think you could make more on a bidding site, sell there instead-but when you really would not sell it on the net, don't expect a exorbitant value in person! Accumulate tables or maybe old blankets to display goods on. Begin early the early morning of simply by setting every thing out where people can easily see them, grab yourself a new chair and also a brimmed hat, and prepare to sell!
Before going for almost any 8 Yard Dumpster in Cove, OR company book that whether or not keeping dumpsters are permitted in place or not, if it's not allowed compared to go for option option of garbage trash can. You can find firms which be employed in specific regions and many that happen to be working in just about every state and also city also. The charges plan also is dependent upon company to corporation, some firms charge about weekly schedule while some fees on just about every dumpster or trash can they acquire. You need to pick out as per your requirement if you want to avoid the frustration of noticing on a celebration day that you just cannot employ service considering that the type of support you selected.
Let's say the budget for that house renovation is small and you need to have to dig inside nooks and crannies for an extra few money? Have the staff been complaining about all of the trash and also leftovers and also sharp forums with claws and old appliances thrown all over the yard? Renting an area dumpster, at the greatest price, is a fantastic option. The best thing about it is -- they normally are available in several different sizes therefore there's no squander of area, or insufficient it! It's very important for us to get rid of the squander as soon as the item gets stacked up. Trash technology in number of projects including house renovation, yard washing, and design projects can be inevitable; your negligence to get rid of the squander in environmental friendly manner in the shortest time possible will increase the effects of pollution around the environment on the state.
You desire to rent a dumpster or maybe dumpsters from a trustworthy company also. Clean dumpsters and ideal customer satisfaction are two other items you want to make sure you possess before selecting which company to rent via.
The family bedroom is an important area where you and your family hang out. Films and popcorn are provided, conversations, games or Wii console games, and so forth. In the evening everyone congregates to the family bedroom so it is simply understood exactly why one would require a very secure and lovely family room.
Type of Debris/Waste: Discretion fees change considerably via location to place and often count on composition on the load. Although some firms include pick-up and also disposal costs in the quotation price other folks charge added, depending on the squander type. Recyclable or "green" squander generally costs less than garbage or some other household rubbish such as home furniture. Most dumpster firms place limits on the type of items that may be put into the dumpster and won't accept tires, household kitchen appliances, computer tools, or other potentially toxic products, or the corporation will charge late charges for these varieties of items.
Offering strong concern to the size of the dumpster needed for an area or task is important. It can be difficult sometimes to estimate the amount of squander that may need to have to be taken away, but spending some time to come up with an accurate estimate makes all the process proceed much more without problems. Clearly, prices are directly related to measurement when it comes to dumpsters, so this is also a sensible thing to accomplish from a funds standpoint.


text:
Australian Rules football
OUR AUSTRALIAN RULES FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP
Conquering the field, one goal at a time
Our continued sponsorship of the Collingwood Football Club allows us to connect with fans at the heart of the action. The exciting world of Australian Rules football traces its origins to the mid-1800s, while our adventure with the Magpies began at the start of the new millennium.
Collingwood Football Club
We're always ready to cheer on the Collingwood Football Club, one of the biggest sporting institutions in Australia.
We became Collingwood's Premier Partner in 1999 and recently renewed our partnership for an additional five years, making this the longest partnership within our sponsorship portfolio.
The AFL season runs from March to September each year, with our logo proudly displayed on the front of Collingwood's jerseys and shorts. Our branding is also visible on Collingwood's training apparel and around the Melbourne Cricket Ground.
Football Please click here for more information. Football
Arts and Culture Please click here for more information. Arts and Culture
Rugby Please click here for more information. Rugby


Timeshare rentals are the true hidden jewels of the travel industry. Many travelers automatically book a hotel room when they take a vacation, not realizing that they could be renting a multi-room resort accommodation apartment with all the amenities of home for much less than many hotels charge for a simple room.
When compared to vacationing in a hotel, do yourself a favor and discover how to rent a timeshare to get the most out of your vacation. Renting a timeshare at a resort offers outstanding value for the accommodation, often at half the cost of a hotel room in high demand locations such as Orlando and Las Vegas. By renting a multi-room timeshare unit, families don't have to rent multiple hotel rooms and can save on accommodation - putting that money to better use during the vacation.
Because most timeshare units come with full kitchens, you can eat in and save more money instead of dining out for every meal. And with private balconies, spas, multiple bathrooms, laundry facilities and separate dining areas among the in-suite amenities, it's obvious that timeshare rentals are really the only way to vacation.
Timeshare resorts have come a long way over the years from their initial entry into the hospitality industry. Where once they offered just a converted hotel room, now they have multiple pools, full health spa services, Jacuzzis, workout facilities and kids play areas - many with programs for the little ones. Some have water slides, lazy rivers and pool bars for that poolside cocktail. While some vacationers look to home or condo rentals for vacation accommodation, those options wouldn't be able to combine the level of service with the resort facilities that timeshare rentals can provide.
Number of bedrooms - this will obviously depend on the size of your family, but also check out whether the timeshare has pullout sofas in case you need them.
Meal plan - do you like to eat in more, or would you rather go out? Depending on your preferences, you'll want to check on the size and amenities offered in the kitchen of your timeshare (does it have more than just a fridge and a microwave?). And is there a restaurant on-site or eating establishment close enough to the resort that it doesn't become an issue?
Position - make sure the unit is located in the part of the resort that you desire. For instance, oceanfront is not always the same as oceanview. Some resorts are so spread out that they offer golf cart service to take you from the main building to your room. Get the specifics.
Location- research where the resort is located in proximity to the attractions in the area. If you don't have your own transportation and, for example, you're traveling to Orlando to visit Disney World, then perhaps you want a resort as close to the parks as possible or, at the very least, one that provides free shuttle service. Same with a beach location, as some resorts promoting beach access are not always on the beach.
When you've decided on where you want to vacation and the specifics of the resort and unit that you're looking for, then you can begin your search on BuyaTimeshare.com. Our site advertises timeshares for rent as well as for sale, so begin by entering your resort name or location into the search box at the top of the homepage. This will bring up a page either for the resort you're looking for or a selection of resorts in your desired vacation area. For a more in-depth search, click onto "Advanced Search" at the top right corner of the page, where you can enter in specific information such as number of bedrooms, number of bathrooms and the week of the year you're looking to vacation.
Be as specific as you can with the information you enter, as this will tailor your search to your individual needs. You can always broaden your search later on if you need to.
Once you've decided on a resort, click the blue "Timeshares for Rent" button to see the units for rent, each with a rental price advertised, and the "Unit Details" button will display more information about the timeshare.
When you're ready to make an offer, click on the yellow "Make Offer" button and the page will ask for your information in order to email your offer to the timeshare owner for consideration. One tactic you can use is to create a free account in our Timeshare Pulse program, which will allow you to receive emails with available timeshares to rent, according to your search criteria, as they become available. This will give you the first opportunity to make an offer on these rentals before online viewers get a chance to see them.
Once the timeshare owner accepts your rental offer, the owner will advise you of the process for payment and will need your details in order to book the accommodation on your behalf. There are various ways to handle this process, but we would suggest you use a rental escrow service such as the one offered by First American Title Vacation Ownership Services for distribution of funds and to ensure that the process runs as smoothly as possible.
When you receive confirmation from the owner that your timeshare rental has been secured, prepare for an outstanding vacation. You'll never want to go back to a hotel again.


The Broncos have the same stadium, but it has a new name after Sports Authority filed for bankruptcy.
The team began hanging temporary signs at the stadium Monday, Denver's Fox31 reports, with a Broncos Stadium at Mile High banner going up on the south side of the venue.
The Metropolitan Football Stadium District board approved the name change a few weeks ago.
Despite Anthony's comments after the season, Presti and coach Billy Donovan praised him throughout the season for his professionalism and attempt at a reinvention.
I think he's being very candid and very honest. I respect that, Presti said. I respect the fact he's being open about that. Now, we have the same responsibility. We have to be candid and Authentic Justin Turner Jersey honest with him. One of the things I really like about Carmelo is he's a mature person. You can talk to him. He listens.
Queensland's tourism minister, Kate Jones, said that she met with NFL executives and said, What better way to get Americans here than an NFL game?
Realistically, however, there's almost no chance of it happening. Last year the league said the travel distance and time zones would make it incredibly challenging to put a game in Australia, and even a preseason game would http://www.ramsofficialsonlines.com/Todd_Gurley_Jersey_Cheap be unlikely.
Australian fans have shown interest in American football, and college football games have been played in Australia the last two years. But an NFL game Todd Gurley Jersey in Australia is a long, long way away.
Photos released by her attorneys show Cordon with multiple cuts and bruises on her face and bruises http://www.authenticdodgersstore.com/Authentic-Justin-Turner-Jersey on her wrist.
Court records in Fulton County show McCoy had been attempting since last July to evict Cordon from the home. A hearing was scheduled for Tuesday in the case, but it was rescheduled to Aug. 14 because of an emergency in Cordon's attorney's family.


I am proud to welcome you to "The Agenda," a new blog from the Center for a New American Security. With so many places to go for information, some might claim that a new national security blog will get lost in the "clutter." I remember a similar reaction in 2007 when Kurt Campbell and Michele Flournoy started CNAS. Many asked why Washington needed yet another think tank, and we had a lot to prove. But over the last 6 years CNAS has demonstrated the ability to shape and influence the national security debate in significant ways. And our track record of preparing the next generation of national security leaders is clear, with a large percentage of our alumni actively serving in government.
Washington DC has rarely been so fractured. Any semblance of a bipartisan national security consensus has largely broken down. We at CNAS want to do our part to help rebuild it.
With today's first post by CEO Robert Work and President Richard Fontaine, The Agenda will feature regular analysis and commentary by CNAS scholars and guests on the most pressing national security issues of the day. A forum for innovative ideas and realistic solutions to the nation's defense and foreign policy challenges, The Agenda will present a wide range of views from one end of the political spectrum to the other. It will showcase CNAS's path breaking research agenda, incorporating the Center's Natural Security blog, and strive to shape the national security debate while contributing to it. I am particularly excited by the prospect of featuring regular contributions from CNAS' cadre of emerging young leaders. We invite you to be an active participant in shaping The Agenda by offering your comments to our posts.


text:
Q: Converting int 0 to binary in android studio I am converting 4 integers into binary and everything works fine until it has to convert a zero.
for example:
int subnet1 = 255;
int subnet2 = 255;
int subnet3 = 255;
int subnet4 = 0;

binarystring = Integer.toBinaryString(subnet1)
+ Integer.toBinaryString(subnet2)
+ Integer.toBinaryString(subnet3)
+ Integer.toBinaryString(subnet4);

BinaryView.setText(binarystring);

text would look like this: 11111111 11111111 11111111 0  (without the space inbetween)
why wont it convert the 0 to 00000000 ??

A: Because value for "0000000" is same for "0" that's why it set as "0".
If you want to print that result. Just make a string of "0000000" for printing. Because int value always convert it.

A: If you read the documentation here: https://developer.android.com/reference/java/lang/Integer.html#toBinaryString(int)
It tells you:

The unsigned integer value is the argument plus 232 if the argument is negative; otherwise it is equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of ASCII digits in binary (base 2) with no extra leading 0s.

A: Why?  By design.  From the documentation:

This value is converted to a string of ASCII digits in binary (base 2) with no extra leading 0s.

(Emphasis added.)
If you want 8 characters, append the result to a string of 7 zeros, and take the last 8 characters.  In pseudo code:
intermediateString = "0000000" + Integer.toBinaryString( 0 ); // obviously don't hard code zero; just for example
finalString = intermediateString.substring( intermediateString.length() - 8);


In preparation for today, I thought hard about the message in this gospel. Was it about baptism? Was it about who John the Baptist was? And then what really touched me was the Dove.
During this time in Israel, Jesus had a following that was growing in numbers. People starting talking about him a lot. At the same time, John the Baptist also had a large following. John drew a lot of attention by submerging people in water. This action is a part of Jewish custom but usually only performed on Sunday by men to spiritually cleanse themselves for the week. So, a lot of questions were generated because John was submerging anyone who asked whenever they asked.
John the Baptist was a very devout man. He followed the very formal law of Judaism. Part of the philosophy was that you had to frequently repent for your sins so that you would find favor in God's eyes. If you did not, you would suffer.
The Jewish Temple priests became very confused. So who is the Messiah? Is it John the Baptist? After all, look at his following. People are listening to him. Or is it Jesus who the priests had been hearing a lot of about and who also had a large following.
So, you've got two holy men. Preaching about God and how important it was to find our way to God. But the two men preached about how to do this in two different ways. John taught more about severe sacrificing which would find favor with God. For example, he ate locusts and honey in the desert. He wore rough animal skins and endured the itching and chafing as a sacrifice to God. John taught that the Kingdom of God was coming and we had better be ready in order to be judged in a positive way.
Jesus' teachings were focused on love, compassion and forgiveness. Love for yourself and for others. Forgiving others who may have hurt you, no matter how deeply. Forgiving ourselves for our own transgressions. He taught about going inside yourself. For inside us resides the Kingdom of God. It is not something that is coming. It is a place that is already here – inside. We just have to find it.
So, now this Dove. As I mentioned, the temple priests were becoming confused. Who is the Messiah that we've been waiting for? Is it John the Baptist or Jesus? When the two holy men are at the banks of the Jordan River and John has baptized Jesus, the answer becomes clear when the Dove appears above the head of Jesus, as a sign that he was the true Messiah.
The Dove represents the Holy Spirit, signifying peace, hope and love. Peace that we need to give ourselves and peace that we need to give others. Hope that we can continue to grow and learn and that our hard work will lead us to God. Love – the essence of who God is and who we need to be – all about Love. It's almost like God was saying – Listen to this man. He's got it. He knows The Way. Listen and follow him.
Hatred paralyses life, love releases it.
Hatred confuses life. Love harmonizes it.
Thank you for being the Dove, Mr. King.


Are you looking for Christmas Cruises Out Of Galveston awesome image? Now, you will be happy that at this time photo is available at our online database. With our complete resources, you could find gallery or just found any kind of image for your inspirations everyday.
This wallpaper has been submitted by admin tagged in category field. And we believe it could be the most well-known vote in google vote or event in facebook share. We hope you like it as we do. Please distribute this Christmas Cruises Out Of Galveston image to your friends, family through google plus, facebook, twitter, instagram or another social media site.


text:
Well, are you?
You'll never believe what happened when Littlefish tested if I was smarter than an 8-year-old
I was just forwarded an IT quiz by the company's PR team. It appears to be a PR stunt from a managed IT services company, which was labeled "Are you smarter than an 8 year old?" Which, to be fair, is a fantastic headline, primed for going crazy-viral on social media and having a lot of very smart IT people pound their chests. YES! I AM AS SMART AS A CHILD 30 YEARS MY JUNIOR!
Of course, I took the bait, and you will never believe what happened next. Okay, maybe you will believe it, the test was full of shit.
Question 1 — A unique question!
None of these answers are completely correct. An IP address can be a shared web address, but it isn't always shared, nor is it specifically for web addresses. But it isn't a unique device ID number, either: It's not necessarily unique (sometimes IT administrators have major headaches when there's more than one device on the network with the same IP address). It isn't unique between networks (there's a lot of devices out there with the 192.168.0.1 IP address). And a large number of devices can have more than one IP address. Your laptop, for example, can be plugged into Ethernet and connected to Wi-Fi, which means it has two IP addresses.
Where's my None of the Above option?
Question 2 — That looks anatomically unlikely?
In this particular case, it assumes that the person answering the question is an 8-year-old. As an adult, the appropriate response will sometimes be to share it on social network. Or the police. If you're getting abuse on Twitter, you could report it, but you'd probably be better off not bothering anyway. And in any case, who knows who their network administrators are on their phone or at home anyway?
Question 3 — LMGTFY
Okay, this one is actually fine. You can have this one, Little Fish.
Question 4 — Waiter! Over here!
Again, this one doesn't make sense. I know which one they want me to click, but it's a lot more complicated than that: Most web servers technically consider of several servers (database server, application server, front-end server, asset server, load balancers, what have you), and a lot of web servers are virtual boxes in the cloud. Which, to be fair, are computers where files can be stored and accessed, but… Yeah. Besides, the vast majority of websites these days are dynamic (i.e. the content changes over time, or is adjusted when people post new content etc), in which case talking about "files" is inaccurate.
Besides, the answer would be more correct if the question was "what is a server", rather than specifically a web server.
But fair, you can have this one too — at least all the other questions make even less sense.
Question 5 — What year is this?
Why are we teaching kids this? Both the two top options could be considered correct; in common parlance "I will look it up on the internet" means they're going to the triple-dub. "I'll check that with my browser" is something nobody ever said ever, but they're still talking about that www. And everyone who likes the world wide web uses a search engine to find shit. Can we just focus on teaching the kids stuff that actually matters?
Yes, but not because you were of any help here, mr Quiz.
This reminds me when I was in school in the late 1990s, where the teacher (who was Norwegian), told us that half a Byte was called a Nibble. It's funny; "Byte" sounds like "bite" and a small bite is a nibble. I got it, I thought it was funny. It was only when "What is a name for 4 bits" turned up at a test (!) that I realized that the teacher's English wasn't good enough to realize that he had told a joke. He really did think that "nibble" was an accepted technical term. Which wouldn't have mattered, except if you didn't know that dumb joke, you'd get marked down in your test, which could potentially be the difference between failing and passing a class.
What I'm trying to get to, is fuck you. This doesn't matter. If you need to know what, exactly, the World Wide Web is, you can google it. There's no excuse for it ever turning up on a test, and especially not with two ambiguous answers that are both equally inaccurate.
Question 6 — We live in a post-fact society
Ok. Fair. It's option D. Obviously. Why? Beause I just said so. On the internet. I'm a journalist and everything. Or am I? Yes I am! Because it says so right there in my bio.
Question 7 — Elementary, my dear Watson
I'm going to assume that 'logical bug' is British English for 'logic bug', and not an actual beetle that goes around using logic to solve puzzles.
With that assumption in the bag: ARGH. Again with the ambiguities. Although this isn't as bad as some of the others. A logic fault can cause unexpected system faults, I suppose. Having said that, there are unexpected results that aren't bugs (for example, a user opens a webpage in a browser that the page wasn't designed for will cause an unexpected result, but wouldn't typically be called a bug), and there are logic bugs that don't cause unexpected results, either because the user doesn't know what to expect, or because the faulty logic somehow spits out a result that looks like it makes sense. See also.
There's a bonus on this one, too, actually: When you click on the correct result, the site gives you an explanation that is also incorrect:
If all the code was correct, you wouldn't have bug, now would you?
Question 8 — You're getting wormer. Wormer.
Fine, you can have this one, too.
So, in this fantastic test where you're meant to pit your wits against an 8-year-old, who's the winner? NOBODY, that's who. Nobody wins, everybody loses, and everyone is just a little bit dumber for having wasted their time on this drivel. Out of the 8 questions, only half of them even make sense. Ugh.
I get it. The quiz is not designed to actually test your wits against a school kid. It's designed to make you feel stupid and hire the services of a managed IT firm. And that's the most infuriating thing about all of this. IT isn't that hard and there's no reason to make people feel stupider than they need to with a quiz where half the questions don't make sense.
Ultimately, though, there's only one conclusion: There are a lot of managed IT services companies out there. Judging from the quality of this quiz, I think you'd best look elsewhere than Littlefish.
Haje is a founder coach, working with a small, select number of startup founders to build exciting, robust organizations that can stand the test of time. Find out more at Haje.me. You can also find Haje on Twitter and LinkedIn.
More from Haje Jan Kamps
Remove the 'exit strategy' slide from your pitch deck.
Haje Jan Kamps in Pitch Perfect
When Founding a Startup, the Conversation Starts at Home.
Haje Jan Kamps in The Startup
Long-tail content marketing for startups
Ode to my Turkish Barber
Defund the police.
It's time we sent Chekhov's Gun to the smelter. We're better than that.
I'm Getting Ahead of Myself
Haje Jan Kamps in Curious
The magic of Popcorn Meditation


CEOcircle is a monthly breakfast meeting for pre-selected, post-revenue growth stage companies whose CEO's are military veterans or spouses.
Launch Lab is a 12-week in-person course specifically tailored to fit the schedules of busy professionals who have a desire to start their own business. The curriculum is designed to help idea-stage entrepreneurs develop the talents and skills required to launch a business.


text:
Coronavirus Relief Bill Includes Tax Benefit for Millionaires That Will Cost Taxpayers $90 Billion
By Alexandra Hutzler On 4/20/20 at 12:57 PM EDT
U.S. Coronavirus Stimulus Package Congress
Inside the historic $2.2 trillion relief package passed by Congress last month is a tax change that overwhelmingly benefits millionaires.
More than 80 percent of the benefits from the new provision will go to Americans earning more than $1 million annually, according to a report released last week by the nonpartisan Joint Committee on Taxation. Less than 3 percent of the benefits from the change will go to people earning less than $100,000 a year.
The change is estimated to cost taxpayers about $90 billion in 2020 and will add roughly $170 billion to the federal deficit over the next decade, the congressional committee's report found.
"It's a scandal for Republicans to loot American taxpayers in the midst of an economic and human tragedy," Democratic Senator Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island said in a statement after the report was released.
Thornton Matheson, a senior fellow at the nonpartisan Tax Policy Center, said the tax change was "a very bad use of the money" provided by the relief package. The measure is the second-largest tax cut in the legislation.
"I don't think that is a good measure in the sense that it's not focused on the people who are most severely affected by this crisis. Surely, the wealthy partnership owners will be affected but not to the extent of low-income households," Matheson told Newsweek. She added that the tax break is going to "provide little stimulus to the economy."
The Joint Committee on Taxation completed the report at the request of Whitehouse and Representative Lloyd Doggett. A Democrat from Texas, Doggett noted that the tax change is more than the new funding provided for hospitals and for state governments by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act.
"Someone wrongly seized on this health emergency to reward ultrarich beneficiaries, likely including the Trump family, with a tax loophole not available to middle-class families," Doggett said in a statement. "This net operating loss loophole is a loser that should be repealed."
The U.S. Capitol is reflected in a standby ambulance on March 27. The historic coronavirus relief bill passed by Congress last month contains a tax change that will overwhelmingly benefit millionaires. Alex Edelman/AFP/Getty Images
The tax break is a reversal of restrictions imposed by GOP lawmakers in the 2017 tax law. The change will suspend a limitation on how much certain business owners can deduct against their nonbusiness income. Now, business owners can lower their taxes by deducting as much as they want against income unrelated to the company.
The Joint Committee on Taxation estimated that 43,000 people making more than $1 million would owe roughly $70 billion less in taxes this year because of the suspension.
As Democrats criticize the tax change for being too broad and for benefiting high earners, Republicans have highlighted the fact that these lawmakers still supported the CARES Act. All Senate Democrats voted for the legislation, which was passed by unanimous consent on March 27.
Republican Chuck Grassley, chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, wrote in an op-ed for Fox News that Democrats are simply trying to score "political points" by condemning the tax change.
"This partisan attack threatens the relief intended for businesses in every industry across America. The attempt to paint this tax provision as a boon for real estate and hedge fund investors completely misses the mark," Grassley wrote. "Notably, the CARES Act did not change the longstanding limits on investors being able to benefit from passive investment losses."


Fernando Alonso has criticised the state of Formula 1, saying that it is too controlled and restrictive.
The two-time champion said F1 needed "a little bit more freedom" for the teams to design and operate their cars - and in the running of the sport in general.
"If you painted all the cars black, you would not know which team built which car," said McLaren's Alonso, 34.
Ahead of this weekend's Hungarian Grand Prix, he added that drivers were "allowed to breathe and not much more".
Alonso has already been quoted this week by Italian magazine Autosprint reiterating his common complaint since Pirelli tyres were introduced into F1 in 2011 that they do not allow drivers to push flat out.
On Thursday, the sport's governing body the FIA strengthened restrictions on radio communication between teams and drivers - a move described by Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel as "a joke".
"We can never drive the cars to their real limit," said Alonso, the 2005 and 2006 champion. "We can never attack as much as we would like because the tyres don't allow you to.
"If you push too hard they overheat, and lose grip immediately. If you use the engine too much, you step over consumption parameters.
"To be quick in today's F1, you must not attack too much, that's the secret, but that's something against a driver's instincts."
In a news conference on Thursday, the Spaniard added that F1's problems were not with the fact Mercedes were dominating.
"I don't think that there being one team dominant [is the problem], it has always been like this in a way," he said.
"But the show was good enough and now it is not good enough for whatever reason - because the cars are too slow, too heavy or the noise is not good or the prices are too high or whatever.
"Whatever it is, I don't know, it's not the same and it's something obvious."
Alonso, questioning the number of tweaks made to F1 regulations, said: "I think they have made this to talk about something between races, because it makes no sense.
"Relaxing everything a little bit would be good, like it always used to be in F1.
"We have to do the same thing at the same time at the same hour and if you don't do one of these things you have to go to the stewards and you will have a penalty - a time penalty, a reprimand, points.
"It doesn't matter if you are five minutes late to the briefing or if you go five minutes late to the autograph session. You are allowed to breathe and not much more."


Cobbett, W., Charlton, D., & Westover, J. (2010, September 16). Schradieck, (Carl Franz) Henry. Grove Music Online. Ed. Retrieved 19 Apr. 2019, from http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-1002088734.
Cobbett, W.W., David Charlton, and Jonas Westover. 2010 "Schradieck, (Carl Franz) Henry." Grove Music Online. 19 Apr. 2019. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-1002088734.


Kate Middleton Introduces A New Headwear Trend. What Is It?
Kate Middleton has an elegant, moderate, and traditional style of clothing that makes her always look very feminine and conservative. But does it mean that she can never experiment? Not at all!
Headwear is one of the crucial parts of royal family members' images. At formal events, women are often obliged to appear wearing hats, but who said the headdress can't be slightly changed?
Kate has already appeared in public wearing elegant headbands twice. They serve as a beautiful and, by the look of it, comfortable accessory. The first time it was a wine red felt headband hat.
The second time the Duchess chose a blue headband decorated with a flower-like decoration.
Notably, such headwear looks really elegant and festive. It can hardly be called casual as the headband looks more like a hat.
Since the Duchess has appeared wearing the headband twice in a row, it is safe to suppose it is her new trend. Which, by the way, any woman can follow if it fits her style.
Would you wear such headbands? Share your view in the comment section.
READ ALSO: Her Official Title Is The 'Duchess of Cambridge'. Why Do People Still Call Her Kate Middleton?


text:
Women's Writing Circle
A place to share our stories ...
Books, Events and Services
Circle Read Arounds
So You Want To Write A Memoir
A PORTRAIT OF LOVE AND HONOR
Preview — Again In a Heartbeat
Reviews — Morning at Wellington Square
The Life Unexpected: An Anthology of Stories and Poems
Talks on Memoir
From Readers of Again In a Heartbeat
Writing As a Participatory Process Invites the Reader In
Writers like to think of themselves as loners. They often work in isolation, exploring a private and personal journey in the quiet of a favorite room with a view. Some even refer to themselves as "anti-social." They jokingly admit they're in their own head too much.
But isn't writing a participatory process? I believe it is which is why I love sharing work with others through small critique sessions, or beta reader groups, or in the read around that is the Women's Writing Circle.
As the facilitator of a writing group I've gotten an up close and personal look at much of what stymies the writer . . . that is, until she shares her work.
In our current project, Life Unexpected, an anthology of stories and poems with the title serving as our theme, we've broken into small online beta groups with an editor at the helm. The editor is primarily the organizer since the editor's own story for the book is also critiqued by the group. There's a nice egalitarian aspect to this; communicating realizations, breaking down boundaries, and sharing, not just with friends and family, but fellow writers we've never met.
At our April Women's Writing Circle critique session, we marveled at what transpires after we read aloud our work and the critiquer takes notes and offers suggestions to the author for improvement and clarity.
Here's what we learned: Sometimes, we're so close to our characters, (especially if it's ourselves, or someone who played an instrumental role in our lives) we forget the simplest details.
What does he look like?
How old is he or she?
What motivates him or her?
Is backstory necessary (usually, the answer is a resounding yes!) and how can this be accomplished in a way that doesn't unduly slow down the action or narrative?
And while we're talking about characters . . . It's amazing how much more we offer the reader if we understand psychology – our own and others. I've written a post about this: The Writer As Amateur Psychologist.
This is where the digging deep comes in . . . the soul-searching . . .
It is the part where we realize we have a covenant with the reader. We present life through a "participatory lens" – letting the reader into a world redolent with universal themes and populated by a "cast of characters."
We all know who they are.
The man who would rule a woman through force of will or religious dogma; the ungrateful son who always expected his mother to put a meal on the table but does little for her in her old age; the poor and humble man whose way of life forces an entire community to re-examine its ideals and values.
As we share our work in a participatory process, we value the reader.
What makes us love a person? How can we love if we don't understand ourselves? Why is a character angry? Who makes a difference and why?
At our Saturday Women's Writing Circle critique session, I felt the magic of the participatory process when I read my work. Comments I received . . ."I can identify with this . . . I, too, have felt this way" . . . makes the hard work of writing so very rewarding. A writer has brought the reader into the "circle" of her and her character's own life experience.
So this is a call to step out of the isolation of your head, read and share your work with others . . . even if it is in the fledgling or draft stages. Participating, sharing, breaking down the barriers through the written word is a gift.
What has your experience been when sharing your work?
Posted by Susan G. Weidener at 8:51 AM
Labels: anthologies, community and writing, life unexpected, women and writing, writing techniques
SUSAN G. WEIDENER
An experienced book editor, journalist and author, Susan received her BA in Literature from American University and her MS in Education from the University of Pennsylvania. Her memoirs, Again in a Heartbeat, and its sequel, Morning at Wellington Square, have received critical acclaim. Her novel, A Portrait of Love and Honor, is based on a true story. A former staff writer with The Philadelphia Inquirer, Susan started the Women's Writing Circle in suburban Philadelphia to empower women to write and find voice through memoir, fiction and poetry. The group offers critiques, read arounds, networking and book authorship opportunities. Susan also offers writing workshops and teaches memoir and fiction. She lives in Chester Springs, PA. She can be reached at sgweidener@comcast.net
2017 BLOGGING AWARD
BUY NOW (click on cover)
Membership and Session Fees
Full Membership $145.00 USD Half Membership $100.00 USD Writing Workshop $40.00 USD Critique $30.00 USD Single Read Around $25.00 USD Book purchase $15.00 USD
AUTHOR SUSAN G. WEIDENER
Videotape: Interview With Susan About Memoir
Breaking the Rules of Writing
A Marriage of Fact and Fiction
Interview on How Memoir Changes Relationships
Interview - A Portrait of Love and Honor
Interview on Slants of Light
KIRKUS REVIEW - SLANTS OF LIGHT
Memoir Writer's Journey Interview With Susan
Memoir and Fiction - Choices
NAMW Guest Blog - Writing About My Mother
Susan's "Gutsy Story"
Susan's Interview On Honesty in Memoir
Susan's Radio Interview on the Avid Reader
Videotape: Slants of Light Author Panel
On Writing Book Discussion Questions
Should discussion questions be included in your new book? Do book discussion guides encourage book clubs to select a book? And, just a...
Crafting Memorable Scenes and Writing With Intent
Writing is no easy task, although sometimes it can flow, especially when a woman's voice and her life experience are encouraged in a s...
A Child of Divorce Writes About "The Absent Father"
Everyone has a story to tell about those unforeseen twists and turns that render lessons, realizations and redemption. That theme ...
Leila Summers, author of "It Rains In February" - What Inspired My Memoir
This is the second in a series of occasional guest posts by authors and writers from around the world. I asked Leila Summers if she woul...
The Joy of the Read-Around
Aspiring writers - whether you are published or not - know that the greatest joy often comes with sharing your work with other writers. The...
About the Authors - Kimberly
"When we start at the center of ourselves, we discover something worthwhile extending toward the periphery of the circle." An...
How many times have we heard ourselves or other women say, "I just can't do this anymore! It is too hard. It is too soul-searchi...
Turning Points - A Writing Prompt
When we write our stories, we are inevitably compelled to write about turning points in our lives. Those "Aha!" moments lead...
Freeing the Writer―and the Woman
If you do not tell the truth about yourself you cannot tell it about other people. ~ Virginia Woolf With publication today of Slants of...
About the Authors - A Series
 Career - By Jane Choc On Monday, January 7, the Women's Writing Circle begins an "About the Authors" series. This...
Blog Archive January (1) December (3) November (2) October (2) September (2) August (3) July (4) June (3) May (2) April (2) March (4) February (3) January (3) December (3) November (4) October (4) September (4) August (3) July (4) June (4) May (3) April (3) March (4) February (1) January (4) December (3) November (4) October (4) September (4) August (4) July (4) June (5) May (2) April (4) March (4) February (5) January (5) December (4) November (4) October (5) September (2) August (5) July (3) June (4) May (5) April (3) March (3) February (4) January (4) December (3) November (5) October (4) September (4) August (6) July (5) June (6) May (5) April (4) March (5) February (4) January (4) December (5) November (2) October (4) September (5) August (4) July (4) June (5) May (5) April (5) March (5) February (4) January (2) December (5) November (4) October (4) September (5) August (3) July (7) June (5) May (4) April (6) March (7) February (7) January (6) December (3) November (6) October (2) September (5) August (3) July (2) June (3) May (4) April (4) March (4) February (5) January (5) December (6) November (3) October (4) September (4) August (3) July (3) June (5) May (5) April (8) March (6) February (6) January (6) December (6) November (4) October (3) September (5) August (8) July (9) June (8) May (3) April (3) March (8) February (4) January (3) August (2)
LIKE THE CIRCLE ON FACEBOOK
A 'Gutsy' Indie Author's Adventure
This is the third in an occasional series featuring authors from around the world. I met Sonia Marsh through an independent author'...
Slants of Light — A Collaboration
 "None of us is as smart as all of us." Japanese proverb Harriet, Susan and Edda A year to the date ...
Writing and Wellness - A Guest Post By Randy Rolfe
This past month I met Randy Rolfe through Women's Business Connection , an empowering organization for women entrepreneurs in Cheste...
Every Writer Needs A Bit of "Paris"
For the past three and a half years my days have gone something like this: writing and publishing two memoirs, collaborating on an antholog...
Telling Stories For Our Daughters
Our About the Authors series continues with Jodi Monster. She talks about why she wrote her short story, "Josie: The Answer to a Pra...
Devoting a Morning to Ourselves
Life is busy with many activities and demands on our time as women. Can you allow yourself the luxury of committing a morning to yo...
Musings of a Memoir Writer: Memoir or Autofiction?
Is memoir truly a memoir if not everything in the story actually happened? Does the memoir writer have the leeway to use invention in sto...
2010-2019 Susan G.Weidener content copyrighted. All rights reserved. Awesome Inc. theme. Powered by Blogger.


You will have to complete an Honor of the Waves dungeon path with your party. Which path will be announced at the start of the chaos run. Parties are made on a first come, first serve basis. You will have to play with a profession that we randomly pick for you. Please enter all your available level 80 professions in the signup form below. You will be ineligible for rewards if you do not list all your available level 80 professions.
Five gold, twelve ectos and one item of choice from the guild stash, to each member of the first party that successfully completes this chaos run.
Two gold and six ectos to each member of every other party that successfully completes this chaos run.


text:
Q: Impersonating IUSR from code In IIS Manager, in Authentication - Anonymous Authentication I have Anonymous user identity set as IUSR.
Now if If put this into web.config:
<identity impersonate="true"/>

then System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name returns NT AUTHORITY\IUSR.
but if I remove
<identity impersonate="true"/>

how can I impersonate the IUSR from code? I tried to use SimpleImpersonation to do it but then I need the password of IUSR. I found a way to get it using obsolete adsutil.vbs but I don't have it on Windows 8.1 / IIS 8.5.
This question is theoretical, I don't have a need for impersonating IUSR but I find the fact that IIS does it interesting.

A: IUSR is built-in now and does not have a password (more info).
IIS as a service has rights to obtain IUSR impersonation token -- check example on LogonUser.
There is IIS API that provides token handle, which ASP.NET runtime uses.
I believe this may be relevant code from reference sources.
As for actual question, I don't know how anyone can legally impersonate IUSR, sorry.


CHARLOTTE – Republican State Senator Dan Bishop on Monday released the first TV ad of the 9th Congressional District special election.
The ad, entitled "Clowns," contrasts the Dans – focusing on "Wrong Dan" McCready's efforts to join and aid the crazy, socialist and radical leftist Democratic majority in this Congress while highlighting "Right Dan" Bishop's record of support for President Trump's Wall, the Second Amendment, protecting the unborn, low taxes and sustainable government spending. The six-figure, district-wide TV buy, backed by an aggressive digital ad campaign, started this week and runs through Election Day on May 14th.
Dan Bishop is a Christian, husband, father, and lifelong Constitutional Conservative.
Dan was born and raised in the 9th district – the youngest of five – and his family has lived here for generations.
An attorney, Dan spent most of his career in the private sector. He ran for the state legislature in 2014, and in just his third term he's become one of the most effective and conservative lawmakers in North Carolina. Dan led the fight to put the Voter ID Constitutional Amendment on the ballot last November and has been A rated by the NRA for protecting our second amendment rights. NC Right to Life and the North Carolina Values Coalition have supported Dan for protecting the unborn and defending conservative Christian values. Dan cut or eliminated state income taxes on 99% of North Carolina families, and he voted to punish sanctuary cities that harbor illegal aliens.
Dan lives with Jo, his wife of over 20 years, his 18-year-old son, Jack and their dog, Ellie.


text:
High-quality products fair to promote safe foods this year
Vũ Kim Hạnh, chairwoman of the Vietnamese High Quality Product Business Association, introduces next month's Vietnamese High-Quality Products Fair at a press briefing in HCM City on March 27. — VNS Photo
HCM CITY — The Vietnamese High-Quality Products Fair in HCM City early next month will have many new features, including a focus on introducing Global Integration Standard (GIS) certified products and others under the city's food safety chain model.
Speaking at a press briefing in HCM City on March 27, Vũ Kim Hạnh, chairwoman of the Vietnamese High Quality Product Business Association, its organiser, said the fair would have 600 booths set up by 300 exhibitors.
Visitors can see "a strange garden" where they can see and touch quaint products made from Bến Tre Province's coconut trees and fruits and grapefruits, which have been granted geographical indication certificates by the Ministry of Science and Technology, she said.
The fair would also have a "Green-Nice Market" where farms, co-operatives and start-up firms showcase farm produce grown to safe or organic standards, she said.
The fair this year would also showcase activities to help local businesses further penetrate the global market through the association's GIS project and a co-operation programme between the association and Saigon Innovation Hub, she said.
There will also be a promotion in which over 3,000 items will be sold at VNĐ20,000 at 10-10.30am and 4-4.30pm daily, game shows, a cooking contest, and lucky draws with prizes of tours to Cambodia and destinations in Việt Nam.
For the first time the fair would be organised with the collaboration of the Food Safety Management Board of HCM City, and the two sides would organise an international seminar titled 'Improving Quality Standards to Integrate into the Global Market' on the sidelines of the fair, Hạnh said.
Sixty six Vietnamese food firms have obtained GIS certification, she added.
The fair will be held at the Phú Thọ Stadium in District 11 from April 3 to 8. — VNS
Vietnamese High-Quality Products Fair
Global Integration Standard
Vietnamese High Quality Product Business Association