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Fur Seal Sex With Penguin: Why Does It Happen?
At first it was thought that sex between animals of different species was a case of mistaken identity, but new research suggests otherwise.
By Jen Viegas
Published on 11/18/2014 at 9:30 AM
Antarctic fur seal males have been seen forcing themselves on king penguins multiple times in shocking sexual acts that are radically changing the way animal experts attempt to explain such seemingly bizarre behavior.
At first it was thought that sex between animals of different species was a colossal error -- a result, maybe, of mistaken identity. The occurrences of male seals raping penguins, documented in the latest issue of the journal Polar Biology, suggest otherwise. Instead it may be a learned behavior by hormone-fueled males, which could weaken the overall reproductive fitness of both animals if it gets out of hand.
The seal-penguin rapes "may be learned behavior associated with some sort of reward, or it may be an extreme case of reproductive interference," wrote senior author Nico de Bruyn of the University of Pretoria and his team in the journal.
The Other (Dark) Side of Otters
"Reproductive interference occurs when individuals of one species engage in reproductive activities with individuals of another species, and when these interactions reduce the fitness of one or both species," Emily Burdfield-Steel, who is a researcher at the University of Jyväskylä in Finland, explained to Discovery News.
The fitness of the birds is definitely reduced, since at least one penguin victim was seen bleeding between its legs. The seal population would also appear to suffer, given that mating requires time and energy that, in this case, would not result in offspring.
The possible reward, however, could be the male's immediate sexual fulfillment.
Undercover Penguin Reduces Wildlife Stress
As de Bruyn and his team wrote of one seal-penguin encounter: "The seal ran up to the penguin and bumped it down. It lay on top of the penguin and started thrusting its hips in a copulatory fashion. The seal's erect penis was clearly visible."
A disturbing video (warning: it's graphic) that has since gone viral shows one of four such encounters that the researchers observed on Marion Island, located in the Indian Ocean just north of Antarctica.
De Bruyn first saw an Antarctic fur seal attempt to copulate with a king penguin six years ago on the same island. Although this location has been heavily studied for three and a half decades, the behavior had never been noted before. Recently, on a return visit, de Bruyn and his team documented the four seal-penguin rapes, so they think the behavior is "newly emerging."
The region has a "bachelors beach" dominated by young male seals, so without many female seals around, the male seals could wind up chasing, for sex, what is normally a dinner item for them: penguins.
The seal-penguin copulations all happened during the seal's breeding season on the island, from late November to early January. On one occasion, a male seal ate a penguin that it had just raped.
In terms of why a predator would suddenly view a prey animal sexually, Burdfield-Steel suggests that raging hormones could reduce an individual's choosiness.
Photos: Incredible Animals of Frozen Planet
"For the less choosy sex," she said, "this keenness to mate may lead to individuals being less discriminating when choosing mates and therefore more likely to fail to differentiate between species."
She and colleague David Shuker report that there are at least 167 documented instances of animals having, or attempting to have, sex with other species. This excludes hybridization, where such mating can lead to offspring (think mule). Humans, of course, are included in this group -- everything from the Bible to cave art has shown that some people have practiced bestiality.
In other examples, male sea otters have been documented raping and drowning young seals. Another viral video shows a young chimp raping a frog. Yet another video shows a rabbit attempting to mount a dog. Most dog owners have stories of their pets going at it with a person's leg, arm or other reachable area.
Penguin Empire from Space Seen as Double the Size
It remains to be seen what will happen next on Marion Island but, for now, the sex between different species appears to be relatively rare, which is usually the case throughout the animal kingdom.
As animal researcher Ana Amaral of the University of Lisbon told Discovery News, "In most cases found in nature, each species favors its own kind when mating."
Not all mixed species sexual encounters are violent and unproductive. Some pollinating insects regularly attempt to mate with flowers. For example, male orchid dupe wasps find Australian tongue orchids so alluring that they will linger on the orchid's petals, leaving behind blobs of ejaculate.
An Antarctic fur seal seen among king penguins.
Adelie Penguins
Frozen Planet began airing on Discovery Channel on March 18. In this ultimate portrait of animals in the frozen zones of the Arctic and the Antarctic, we get to see, up close, the animals that live in this habitat like we have never seen them before. The stars of the show are the animals, like the Adelie penguins in Cape Crozier, Antarctica (seen here). The following is a look at some of our favorite images from the series, which you can see every Sunday at 8 e/p from March 18 until April 15.
FROZEN PLANET VIDEOS: On the Discovery Channel
Great Grey 'Ghost' Owl
One of the largest owls in the world with a wingspan of between four and five feet, it is often referred to as the Great Grey Ghost or Phantom of the North because it is so reclusive.
NEWS: Killing Barred Owls to Save the Spotted Owl
Unlike dark-eyed nocturnal owls, the Great Grey Owl has distinctive piercing eyes, which may be an adaptation to hunting by day.
Emperor Penguin, Ross Sea, Antarctica
During the winter months in Antarctica, male emperor penguins keeps their eggs warm. They remain alone for the six months of winter without feeding, waiting for the return of the sun and their female partners, who have been gone, feeding.
BLOG: Why Are Penguins Losing Their Feathers?
During the depths of winter, they have to endure temperatures of minus 60 degrees Centigrade.
Sea Lion and Gentoo Penguin
A sea lion chases a Gentoo penguin onto land - both are like fish out of water and the sea lion struggles to make a kill.
BRIEF: Ancient Penguin Weighed 130 Pounds
The fully-grown Gentoo penguin has no natural predators living on land, though birds will occasionally steal eggs from their nests.
Grey Wolf, Ellesmere Island, Canada
Young pups born into the High Arctic packs have a precarious life ahead of them if they are to grow to a size big enough to survive the next winter.
BRIEF: Grey Wolf Removed from Endangered Species List
Snowy Owl, Artic
Each snowy owl chick eats two lemmings a day, so the parents are kept very busy. During nesting season, predators abound as the owls are stuck on the ground to tend the eggs. Both the male and female dive-bomb predators until the chicks are able to fly and they can all escape the ground.
A beluga whale enjoys a body scrub. It uses the gravel on the beach as a loofah to scrape off old skin as it molts.
BLOG: Mariachi Band Serenades Beluga Whale
Polar Bears, Hudson Bay, Canada
Frozen Planet captured a surprisingly playful and sociable side of polar bears.
BLOG: Big Question for 2012: Is the Polar Bear Doomed?
In the 1970s there were an estimated 5,000 to 25,000 polar bears in the Arctic. Since conservation began 46 years ago, the current population is estimated to be 20,000 to 25,000.
Musk Ox, Canadian Arctic
Musk ox are Arctic residents and are uniquely adapted to withstand the ferocious Arctic winters with a double layer of fur.
Arctic Wolf Chasing Buffalo
An Arctic wolf chases after a herd of wood buffalo, Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada.
Polar Bear Cubs
A pair of two-day old polar bear cubs. At this age they weigh less than a kilo so by weight are less than 280 times smaller than their mother.
BRIEF: New Webcam Allows World to Watch Polar Bear Migration
Over the next 12 to 18 weeks, the bears will nurse. After three or four months, they will leave the den where they were born to learn survival and hunting skills from their mother.
Grey Wolf Watches Crew
The crew filming "Frozen Planet" at Karrak Lake, Barrenlands, Canadian Arctic, encountered some incredible things. As the midnight sun glows on the horizon, a lone Arctic wolf spots the crew and eyes them curiously. After spotting them on the horizon, this wolf traveled over 6 miles to see humans, a species it was unlikely to have encountered before. "Completely naive and unafraid, he sniffed around our feet as our hearts pounded. He then gave us this quizzical last look and headed back across the horizon," crewmembers said.
Least Weasel, Finland
The least weasel is the smallest carnivore in the world; the very smallest are found in the High Arctic (weighing an ounce, average body length of about 5 inches). They stay active throughout the winter despite extreme temperatures that can drop below minus 50 degrees Centigrade. These tiny mammals are voracious hunters, tracking down voles, mice and shrews that live in icy corridors below the snow. Their slim-line bodies allow them to hunt in tunnels the same width as their prey. The snow acts as an insulator, keeping the "subnivean" world at an almost constant minus one degree, so despite their tiny bodies, these little mammals, both predator and prey, can live comfortably even in the coldest months.
Dolgan Hunter With Reindeer
A member of the Dolgan tribe rounds up his reindeer. The Dolgan live in the most northerly mainland region of the Arctic, the Taimyr Peninsula in Siberia. Siberia is also the coldest region of the Arctic, where temperatures often reach minus 60 degrees Centigrade. The lasso was first invented in Central Asia and came north centuries ago with the Dolgan's ancestors. The best lassooes are made from walrus or bearded sealskin, which the Dolgan traditionally obtain in the summer, when they bring their herds to the coast and trade with the coastal hunters.
GET MORE VIDEOS AND BLOGS AT FROZEN PLANET ON DISCOVERY CHANNEL


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Single Molecule & Single Cell Biophysics
Biophysics is an inter-disciplinary research area where physicists, biologists, chemists, and programmers work together to understand challenging and interesting phenomena such as DNA mechanics and its phase transitions, chromosome compaction, micromechanics of biopolymers, and mechanosensing of cells. Our group is interested in many aspects of the biophysical research field, and we welcome disucssions and collaborations with anyone who share this passion in mechnobiology.
The principal investigator
Yan Jie is currently a professor at Department of Physics at National University of Singapore, where he first joined as a faculty member in 2005. He is also a principal investigator at NUS Mechanobiology Institute and NUS Centre for BioImaging Sciences. While being trained in theoretical physics, he has since built a strong interest in studying molecular and cell biology using a combination of novel single-molecule biophysical methods and theoretical modeling. In 2015, Yan Jie was awarded American Physical Society (APS) Fellowship. And in 2016, he received the Singapore National Research Foundation (NRF) Investigatorship as well as the Human Frontier Science Program's Research Grants.
PhD in experimental biophysics, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA (2005)
PhD, Institute of Theoretical Physics of CAS, China (1998)
Our labs and office are in the National University of Singapore (NUS), of the citystate called Singapore. NUS, being a comprehensive research university, houses several research institutes that bring global talents with expertise in all kinds of area. Our group members are affliated with Department of Physics, Centre for BioImaging Sciences, and Mechanobiology Institute. Here is an aerial view of our location:
Department of Physics, NUS, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542
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Pegasus Airlines Launches Daily Manchester Flights from Istanbul
Turkey's leading low-cost carrier Pegasus Airlines launched scheduled flights between Manchester Airport and Istanbul's Sabiha Gokcen and beyond on 1st July 2019.
Pegasus is currently operating five flights each week but from the 21st July 2019 it will be increasing frequency to daily flights between Manchester and Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen, adding to the airline's four-times daily flights from London Stansted in the UK.
Pegasus' flights will connect Manchester Airport to 32 destinations across Turkey, including coastal, cultural and gourmet hotspots such as Alanya, Antalya, Bodrum, Dalaman and Izmir, and 39 international destinations including Abu Dhabi, Amman, Bahrain, Beirut, Bishkek, Doha, Dubai, Hurghada, Muscat, North Cyprus, Riyadh, Sharjah, Sharm El Sheikh, Tbilisi and Tel Aviv.
Flying between Manchester Airport and Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen, the new route will increase in frequency to daily flights from 21st July 2019. Pegasus' new flights will depart from Manchester Airport at 12:40, arriving in Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen at 18:50; flights from Istanbul will depart at 09:30, reaching Manchester Airport at 11:55 (local times apply).
Fares starting at just £79.99 one way, including taxes and charges. With the launch of the new Manchester route, Pegasus now flies a low cost scheduled service to 35 destinations in Turkey and 75 in the rest of the world, bringing its total network to 110 destinations in 42 countries.
To mark the launch of Manchester flights Pegasus Airlines gave away three return flights to guests at Manchester Airport checking into the inaugural flight on 1st July 2019. Commenting on the launch of Pegasus' newest route, Güliz Öztürk, Pegasus Airlines' CCO said: "The Pegasus family is thrilled to be launching flights from Manchester Airport. We're looking forward to welcoming our guests from the region who will be able to take advantage of our low fares and our extensive network of exciting destinations in Turkey and beyond. The UK is among our key markets in Europe and we already operate four flights a day from London Stansted to Istanbul with additional direct flights to Izmir Airport up to four times a week in summer. We have flown over 2.7 million guests to and from the UK on these routes since launching and are now delighted to be adding such a key destination as Manchester. We look forward to welcoming both new and existing guests to our airline in 2019."
Julian Carr, Aviation Director at Manchester Airport, said: "We're delighted that Pegasus Airlines is starting flights to Istanbul. It's a beautiful city to explore and with the airline's excellent onward connections across Turkey and the Middle East, we're confident the flights will prove hugely popular with our 29 million passengers."
Europe's Biggest Theme Park - Wonderland Eurasia opens in Ankara, Turkey
The 26th Istanbul Jazz Festival Announced Its Programme
Cambodia Expects More Turkish Travelers in 2019
Move to Istanbul's New Airport Delayed to April
The New Ridley Scott Film Features Turkish Airlines and Ciragan Palace Kempinski
Turkish Airlines Leaves Istanbul Ataturk Airport on April 6 for the New Istanbul Airport
Istanbul Biennial opens in September 2019
Ciragan Palace Kempinski Offers "Timeless Check-in & Check-out" - A First In Europe
Istanbul Film Festival Starts on April 5, Commemorating Stanley Kubrick
Turkey's Customs bans Entry of IQOS like "heated tobacco" devices
Full Passenger Operations At The New Istanbul Airport To Start In March
Turkey Expects Record Tourism Growth from Germany in 2019
Turkish Citizens Paid 52.7 Million Euro for Schengen Visa in 2018
The Number of Turkish Students at UK Universities increased by 73%
Turkish Airlines Connects Ankara with 3 Capitals: Rome, London, and Tbilisi
The 26th Izmir European Jazz Festival Begins
Turkey's TAV Airports Served 152 Million Passengers In 2018
Istanbul To Host High-Level Executives from Italy's Tourism Industry in Coming Weeks


ELEANOR HALL: On air through ABC Radio Australia streaming live on our website and via the ABC radio app, this is The World Today.
Well now to the latest on emerging technologies and tech companies with This Week in Tech.
You may remember the entrepreneur and technology author, Steve Sammartino, from our Techtopia series last year.
Today he's going to take us through some of the technology stories we need to know about this week.
ELEANOR HALL: Steve Sammartino welcome back to The World Today.
STEVE SAMMARTINO: Thanks for having me.
ELEANOR HALL: Well let's go first to the 'Wannacry' cyber-attack that's swept the world. Microsoft is blaming the US National Security Agency for the breach.
Is that just the world's biggest software company trying to spread the blame?
STEVE SAMMARTINO: Yeah, I wouldn't say that the NSA are to blame but they certainly are complicit. One of the things that they security agencies including the NSA do is that they look for and find vulnerabilities in software.
And when they find these vulnerabilities, which are like backdoors that you can get into and use for surveillance reasons, it actually increases the risk of cyber-terrorism. And increasingly cyber-terrorism is more of a risk than the physical terrorism that we see on the news and know every day because our critical infrastructure, including things like hospitals, are linked and these backdoors being remained opened and having security agencies know they're opened to try and thwart terrorist risk, actually increases the risk.
ELEANOR HALL: And is there a problem with some of the software in some of these big organisations also being out of date?
STEVE SAMMARTINO: Yeah, the XP Windows software that was at the centre of the 'WannaCry' attack was a ten-year-old piece of software. It hasn't been supported by Microsoft in over three years and what that means is, if there are vulnerabilities and they get out there in the market, there's a higher chance that the organisations using it don't have the resources available to keep their software up to date.
If there is an attack, they haven't got time to patch them and upgrade. And one of the things is, we tend to see is that Government organisations tend to have software a little bit behind what's the latest in the market. And ironically, it's the Government institutions that don't have the resources because they don't see software as a primary part of their business.
If you're running a hospital, you don't see software as one of the major parts of your business, but increasingly it is. And so, it tends to be down on the agenda in terms of, where are we going to invest out limited funds to keep things up to date?
So, having older software out there and a lot of Government institutions using it, actually increases the risk in our critical infrastructure. So, it's one of the major issues.
ELEANOR HALL: Well now to another big story, news came through last night of a couple of big mergers deals in the increasingly competitive driverless car industry.
STEVE SAMMARTINO: Yeah, so we saw Waymo which is the driverless car component of Google or Alphabet as they're now known. They did a deal where they're partnering with Lyft. Now Lyft is the major competitor to Uber and the reason that this is significant is that there's a big race now to bet the first organisation that can commercialise self-driving cars.
And now for Uber this is a big situation because Google and Uber are currently engaged in a legal fight over some of their software.
So, last year Uber acquired a company called Otto, which is a self-driving trucking start up. And this is at the centre of a dispute because Waymo says that Anthony Levandowski, who is the founder of this company that was acquired by Uber, stole self-driving research and data from Google, where he was a former senior engineer.
Now overnight, what we had was an injunction placed against Levandowski, using or working on any of the lidar, which is the self-driving technology at the centre of most self-drive cars for Uber.
So, they've been, had an injunction placed on them and they've spent several hundred million dollars trying to catch up to Google so that they can get their self-drive cars out on the market and so what we are going to see is the start of many deals and maybe even legal wranglings over software as it bounces around the different organisations competing to be the first in the market.
The reason that this is really interesting is that self-drive cars are going to become a very big market. Cars are going to become rolling lounge rooms, where there's a lot of business to be had. Ecommerce, or 'rolling commerce' as I call it, so getting to the market first is really important because you become the platform that centres around that.
ELEANOR HALL: Uber's reputation is taking some hits lately, how damaging could it be for Uber, these accusations that it's been stealing technology? Is there any chance Uber can win against Google?
STEVE SAMMARTINO: I don't think there's a chance they'll win this case. Everything points to the fact that Google is likely to win the case. The question is whether or not it slows down the development of Uber. They've been very aggressive in investing their money to be first in the market.
But what it might do is open up the market to other players, which can only be good for consumers, because they tend to be a bit dominant in most of the markets that they've been in.
ELEANOR HALL: Well speaking of dominance, some of the giant social media companies have hit milestones this week. Take us through some of those.
STEVE SAMMARTINO: Yeah, so it was the twentieth anniversary of Amazon being on the market. So, Amazon started out as $16 million in revenue in 1996 and now it's the world's biggest book retailer, it's an AI logistics company and some people say that it might be the first trillion-dollar company.
And there's a bit of a battle on at the moment, Apple just crossed over the $800 billion mark and it's risen in its share price in valuation by 50 per cent this year alone. And just to celebrate this they're about to open their 175 acre infinite circle head office which they've invested more than $5 billion on just their head office. Which sounds like a lot, but it's only 2.3 per cent of their cash reserves at the moment, showing their absolute dominance.
ELEANOR HALL: What's in that head office to make it so expensive?
STEVE SAMMARTINO: There's been some drone footage of people showing it. It's a giant circle. It looks a lot like a spaceship, carbon neutral, it houses 12,000 people, it has 7,000 trees, 1000 bicycles to transport around. It's going to be I think the most impressive corporate head office we've seen in human history.
ELEANOR HALL: Finally today, crowd funding is becoming increasingly popular. Tell us about the most interesting crowd funding campaign to catch your eye this week.
STEVE SAMMARTINO: So there's a group called the Cartivator Group who started a crowd funding campaign to make a flying car. Now with drone technology increasing exponentially, these guys have developed a car called the SkyDrive car, which has three wheels and four drone like rotors.
And the reason it caught my eye is that this is the first time we've seen in crowd funding a larger auto manufacturer participate in it. So, Toyota made an investment, they've invested more than $1 million, and they're expecting that this self-flying car will be ready for 2020.
And they're even saying that they want to light the Olympic flame in the Tokyo Olympics via the self-flying car.
ELEANOR HALL: That sounds extraordinary. Steve Sammartino thanks for joining us for This Week in Tech.
ELEANOR HALL: That's Entrepreneur and technology author, Steve Sammartino.


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Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Михайло́вский-Даниле́вский ( — ) — генерал-лейтенант, сенатор, русский военный писатель, историк, автор первой официальной истории Отечественной войны 1812 года, написанной в четырёх томах по заданию Николая I, опубликованной в 1839 году и впоследствии переиздававшейся.

Действительный член Императорской Российской академии (1831), ординарный академик Императорской Академии наук по Отделению Русского языка и словесности (1841), лауреат полной Демидовской премии по истории за 1836 год.

Биография
Сын И. Л. Михайловского-Данилевского, доктора медицины Гёттингенского университета, занимавшего в то время пост в Земском банке. В 1798—1806 годах обучался в известном немецком училище св. Петра (Петришуле) в Санкт-Петербурге, в пансионате у преподавателя Ж. Мореля, поклонника французских философов-просветителей.

12 августа 1801 года, в неполные 12 лет, был зачислен канцеляристом в Заёмный банк. В 1803 году получил чин коллежского регистратора, а два года спустя — коллежского секретаря. В ноябре 1807 года, после смерти своего отца, был уволен от службы по собственному прошению, имея чин титулярного советника. Получив наследство в размере 100 тысяч рублей ассигнациями, смог в 1808—1811 годах продолжить обучение в Гёттингене, где слушал курсы лекций по истории искусств, политике, финансам, римскому и церковному праву. Летом 1809 года специально посетил Италию, чтобы познакомиться там с памятниками античности.

В конце 1811 года вернулся в Россию и поступил на службу помощником учёного секретаря в канцелярию министра финансов.

Во время Отечественной войны 1812 года вступил в петербургское ополчение и был выбран его начальником, князем М. И. Кутузовым, в адъютанты, преимущественно для корреспонденции на французском языке. Непосредственное участие в боевых действиях впервые принял в Бородинском сражении, после которого был награждён орденом Св. Анны 4-й степени. Тяжело раненый пулей в руку в сражении при Тарутине, уехал на время в Санкт-Петербург. В феврале 1813 года вновь прибыл в действующую армию и состоял в Свите Его Императорского Величества по квартирмейстерской части (прообраз Генерального штаба), затем состоял при начальнике Главного штаба, участвовал во многих сражениях 1813 и 1814 годов. В сражении при Лютцене получил сильную контузию и получил из рук Александра I золотую шпагу в награду.

Во время Венского конгресса он находился при императоре Александре I, а в 1816 году назначен флигель-адъютантом к государю, которого сопровождал в его путешествиях по югу России и на конгрессе в Аахене. Одновременно с 1815 по 1820 годы был первым начальником библиотеки Главного штаба, по поручению императора закупил для неё около 3000 книг по военным наукам на всех европейских языках. Одно время был в числе ближайших сотрудников императора, но через несколько лет тот охладел к Михайловскому-Данилевскому, и тот перешёл на должность секретаря при начальнике Главного штаба князе П. М. Волконском. С 1823 по 1826 годы командовал 3-й бригадой в 7-й пехотной дивизии, затем убыл в отпуск «по болезни». Уехав в свою деревню, серьёзно занялся подготовкой к созданию задуманного им труда по всестороннему описанию истории Отечественной войны 1812 года и заграничных походов.

С началом русско-турецкой войны 1828—1829 годов вернулся в армию, командовал бригадой в 4-й пехотной дивизии, в 1829 году исправлял должность дежурного генерала 2-й армии. Участвовал в переговорах о заключении мира в Адрианополе. Во время польской кампании 1831 года состоял при главнокомандующем И. И. Дибиче-Забалканском и был тяжело контужен с переломом костей плеча в сражении при Грохове.

После войны приехал в Петербург и приступил к написанию военно-исторических трудов. В 1835 году назначен сенатором и председателем Военно-цензурного комитета. М. И. Иванин состоял при нём для занятий по разработке истории наполеоновских войн. Михайловский-Данилевский считал стратегом русской победы над Наполеоном императора Александра, а исполнителем его планов — М. И. Кутузова. Возвеличивал последнего за счёт принижения роли Барклая де Толли.

В последние годы своей жизни Михайловский-Данилевский был главным редактором издания «Император Александр I и его сподвижники в 1812, 1813, 1814 и 1815 гг.: Военная галерея Зимнего дворца, издаваемая с высочайшего соизволения», состоящего из шести томов, выходящих в 1845—1849 годах в типографии Карла Крайя (Санкт-Петербург), в которой многие биографии написаны им самим. Проживал в Петербурге в собственном доме рядом с Синодом, лето обычно проводил на даче на Крестовском острове. Скончался в 1848 году во время эпидемии холеры, охватившей Санкт-Петербург, и был похоронен рядом с женой на Тихвинском кладбище Александро-Невской лавры. Их могилы не сохранились.

Награды

Российской империи:
 Орден Святой Анны 4-й степени (1813)
 Золотая шпага «За храбрость» (1813)
 Орден Святого Станислава 2 степени со звездой (17 апреля 1818)
 Орден Святой Анны 1-й степени (1829)
 Золотая шпага «За храбрость» с алмазами (1831)
 Польский знак отличия за военное достоинство 2-й степени (1831)
 Орден Святого Владимира 2-й степени (1836)
 Орден Святого Георгия 4-й степени (1836)
 Знак отличия за XX лет беспорочной службы (1837)
 Орден Белого орла (1838)
 Орден Святого Александра Невского (1843)
 Знак отличия за XXV лет беспорочной службы (1843)

Иностранных государств:
 Орден «Pour le Mérite» (1813, королевство Пруссия)
 Австрийский Императорский орден Леопольда 3-й степени (1813, Австрийская империя)
  1-й степени (1819, курфюршество Гессен-Кассель)
 Орден Церингенского льва командорский крест (1819, Великое герцогство Баден)
 Орден Военных заслуг Карла Фридриха командорский крест (1819, Великое герцогство Баден)
 Орден Красного орла 1-й степени (1839, королевство Пруссия)

Семья
Жена (с 1817 года) — Анна Павловна Чемоданова (05.11.1801—18.07.1832), дочь отставного гвардии прапорщика Павла Ивановича Чемоданова. Познакомилась с будущем мужем в 1816 году в Москве. Брак их был заключён при личном участии самого императора Александра I, давшего жениху рекомендации. Будучи богатой наследницей, принесла за собою в приданое до 3500 душ в Нижегородских губерниях. Была «хороша собой и одарена необыкновенно добрым, ангельским характером». Умерла молодой после родов, оставив мужу шестерых малолетних детей. Похоронена на Тихвинском кладбище Александро-Невской лавры. Дети:
 Иван (1818—1888) — штаб-ротмистр.
 Лидия (1821— ?) — фрейлина (1838), в замужестве за Н. Ф. Кандалинцовым.
 Леонид (1823—186?) — надворный советник, женат (с 19 февраля 1850 года) на Варваре Владимировне Прокопович-Антонской (1834— ?).
 Антонина (1829—1896) — фрейлина (1847), в замужестве (с 4 февраля 1849 года) за И. И. Берновым)
 Мария (01.12.1830)
 Анна (11.06.1832—18??) — выпускница Смольного института, в замужестве (с 1853) за А. В. Ширинским-Шихматовым.

Сочинения

Воспоминания: Из записок 1815 года / [Соч.] А. Михайловского-Данилевского. — Санкт-Петербург: тип. А. Смирдина, 1831. — [4], 128 с. В последующих изданиях вошло в кн.: Записки 1814 и 1815 годов.
Записки 1814 года / [Соч.] А. Михайловского-Данилевского. — Санкт-Петербург: И. Заикин, 1831.— [4], 155, [6] с.
Записки о походе 1813 года / [соч.] А. Михайловского-Данилевского. — 2-е изд. — [Санкт-Петербург: В тип. Имп. рос. акад.], 1836. — [4], X, 559 с., 6 л. карт., план.
Описание Отечественной войны в 1812 году. Ч. 1 / По высочайшему повелению сочинённое Михайловским- Даниловским: напечатано в Военной типографии, 1839. — 468 с.
Описание Отечественной войны в 1812 году. Ч. 3 / По высочайшему повелению сочиненное генерал-летейнантом Михайловским-Даниловским: печатано в Военной типографии, 1839. — 428 с.
Описание войны 1813 года, по высочайшему повелению сочиненное генерал-лейтенантом Михайловским-Данилевским: с 27 картами и планами. — Ч. 1. — Санкт-Петербург: Воен. тип., 1840. — VII, 394, V с., [13] л. карт.
Описание войны 1813 года, по высочайшему повелению сочиненное генерал-лейтенантом Михайловским-Данилевским: с 27 картами и планами. — Ч. 2. — Санкт-Петербург: Воен. тип., 1840. — 328, IV с., [14] л. карт.
Описание Финляндской войны на сухом пути и на море, в 1808 и 1809 годах: С двадцатью планами и картами / по высочайшему повелению сочиненное генерал-лейтенантом Михайловским-Данилевским. — Санктпетербург: тип. Штаба Отд. корпуса внутр. стражи, 1841. — [4], IV, 524 с., 20 л. карт.
Описание Турецкой войны в царствование императора Александра, с 1806 до 1812 года: [В 2-х ч.] / по высочайшему повелению сочиненное генерал-лейтенантом и членом Военного совета Михайловским-Данилевским. — СПб.: Тип. Штаба отд. Корпуса внутренней стражи. 1843. — Ч. 1. — 1843. — [4], VIII, 280 с.; 14 л. карт, план.
Описание Турецкой войны в царствование императора Александра, с 1806 до 1812 года: [В 2-х ч.] / по высочайшему повелению сочиненное генерал-лейтенантом и членом Военного совета Михайловским-Данилевским. — СПб.: Тип. Штаба отд. Корпуса внутренней стражи. 1843. — Ч. 2. — 1843. — [4], 279 c.; 17 л. карт, план.
Описание первой войны императора Александра с Наполеоном в 1805 году, по высочайшему повелению сочиненное генерал-лейтенантом и членом Военного совета Михайловским-Данилевским. — Санкт—Петербург: Тип. Штаба Отд. корпуса внутр. стражи, 1844. — VIII, 291 с., 9 л. карт.
Описание второй войны императора Александра с Наполеоном, в 1806 и 1807 годах, по высочайшему повелению сочиненное генерал-лейтенантом и членом Военного совета Михайловским-Данилевским. — Санкт-Петербург: Тип. Штаба Отд. корпуса внутр. стражи, 1846. — VIII, 426 с., 23 л. карт.
Император Александр I и его сподвижники в 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815 годах: Военная галерея Зимнего Дворца, издаваемая с высочайшего соизволения и посвященная его императорскому высочеству государю императору: жизнеописания / соч. генерал-лейтенанта А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского. — Т. 1 / портр. с подлинников Дова рис. парижскими худож. Гюо и Долле. — Санкт-Петербург: издание И. Песоцкого, 1845 (обл. 1846). — [256] с. , 27 л. ил., портр.
Император Александр I и его сподвижники в 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815 годах: Военная галерея Зимнего Дворца, издаваемая с высочайшего соизволения и посвященная его Императорскому высочеству государю императору: жизнеописания / соч. генерал-лейтенанта А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского. — Т. 2 / портр. с подлинников Дова рис. худож. г-ми Клюквиным [и др.].— Санкт-Петербург: издание И. Песоцкаго, 1845. — [194] с., 1 л. фронт. (грав. тит. л.), [25] л. портр
Император Александр I и его сподвижники в 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815 годах: Военная галерея Зимнего Дворца, издаваемая с высочайшего соизволения и посвященная его Императорскому высочеству государю императору : жизнеописания / соч. генерал-лейтенанта А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского. — Т. 3 / портр. с подлинников Дова рис. худож. г-ном Клюквиным, Долле, Е. Робильяром и И. Робильяром.— Санкт-Петербург: издание И. Песоцкого, 1846. — [236] с., 1 л. фронт. (грав. тит. л.), [22] л.
Император Александр I и его сподвижники в 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815 годах: Военная галерея Зимнего Дворца, издаваемая с высочайшаго соизволения и посвященная его Императорскому высочеству государю императору: жизнеописания / соч. генерал-лейтенанта А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского. — Т. 4 / портр. с подлинников Дова рис. худож. г-ми Клюквиным, Долле, Е. Робильяром и И. Робильяром.— Санкт-Петербург: издание И. Песоцкаго, 1846. — 195 с, 1 л. фронт. (грав. тит. л.), 26 л. портр.
Император Александр I и его сподвижники в 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815 годах: Военная галерея Зимнего Дворца, издаваемая с высочайшего соизволения и посвященная его Императорскому высочеству государю императору : жизнеописания / соч. генерал-лейтенанта А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского. — Т. 5 / Портр. рисованы с подлинников Дова худож. И. А. Клюквиным. — Санкт-Петербург: издание И. Песоцкого, 1848—1849. — 285 с., 1 л. фронт. (грав. тит. л.), 24 л. портр.
Император Александр I и его сподвижники в 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815 годах: Военная галерея Зимнего Дворца, издаваемая с высочайшего соизволения и посвященная его Императорскому высочеству государю императору : жизнеописания / соч. генерал-лейтенанта А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского. — Т. 6 / сост. под ред. генерал-лейтенанта А. В. Михайловского-Данилевского и гвардии полковника А. В. Висковатова; портр. рис. с подлинников Дова худож. И. А. Клюквиным. — Санкт-Петербург: издание И. Песоцкого, 1848—1849. — [285] с., 1 л. фронт. (грав. тит. л.), [25] л. портр.
 Император Александр I и его сподвижники в 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815 годах: В 6 т. — СПб.: Тип. Карла Крайя, 1845—1849.
 История войны России с Францией в царствование Императора Павла I в 1799 году. — СПб., 1852. (Часть I. Сочинение генерал-лейтенанта Михайловского—Данилевского)
Denkwurdigkeiten aus dem Kriege von 1813 / von A. Michailofsky-Danilefsky; nach dem 2 Auflage des russischen Originals ubersetzt von G. Yakowleff. — bei Eduard Pelz, 1837. — 302 s.
Darstellung des Feldzuges in Frankreich im Jahre 1814. Bd. 1 / von Michailowsky-Danilewsky; ins Deutsche übertragen von Carl von Kotzebue. — Riga: Götschel, 1837. — 189 s.
Darstellung des Feldzuges in Frankreich im Jahre 1814. Bd. 2 / von Michailowsky-Danilewsky; ins Deutsche übertragen von Carl von Kotzebue. — Riga: Götschel, 1838. — 222 s.
History of the campaign in France, in the year 1814: illustrated by plans and maps of the operations of the army / translated from the Russian of A. Mikhailofsky-Danilefsky. — Smith, Elder, and Co., 1839. — 414 p.
Relation de la campagne de 1805 (Austerlitz) / par le lieutenant général Mikhaïlovski-Danilevski; traduite du russe par le lieutenant général Léon Narischkine. — Paris: J. Dumaine, 1846. — 380, [3] p.
См. также:
 Записки А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского. 1818 год // Исторический вестник, 1892. — Т. 48. — № 5. — С. 360—373., № 6. — С. 617—634.
 Записки А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского. 1823 год // Исторический вестник, 1892. — Т. 49. — № 7. — С. 47—74., № 8. — С. 275—305.

Примечания

Литература
 Брандт, «Биография А. И. М.-Д.».

Сапожников А. И. Генерал-лейтенант А. И. Михайловский-Данилевский: карьера военного историка  // Новый часовой. 1997. № 5. С. 45—48.
Малышкин С. А. История создания А. И. Михайловским-Данилевским «Описания Отечественной войны в 1812 году»
Шульц М. В. Роль П. фон Хесса и А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского в создании официального варианта истории Отечественной войны 1812 года. // Актуальные проблемы теории и истории искусства: сб. науч. статей. Вып. 6. / Под ред. А. В. Захаровой, С. В. Мальцевой, Е. Ю. Станюкович-Денисовой. — СПб.: НП-Принт, 2016. — С. 569—577. ISSN 2312—2129.
 Сочинения А. И. Михайловского-Данилевского на сайте Тверской епархии

Генерал-лейтенанты (Российская империя)
Флигель-адъютанты (Российская империя)
Сенаторы Российской империи
Историки Российской империи
Лауреаты Демидовской премии
Члены Академии Российской
Действительные члены Петербургской академии наук
Участники сражения под Кульмом
Мемуаристы Российской империи
Члены Военного совета Российской империи
Специалисты по истории России
Военные историки
Похороненные на Тихвинском кладбище, чьи могилы утрачены
Умершие от холеры
Участники Отечественной войны 1812 года

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
GCCI throws support behind Budget 2023
SEE STATEMENT ISSUED BY THE GEORGETOWN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY (GCCI) ON BUDGET 2023:
The Georgetown Chamber of Commerce and Industry (GCCI) wishes to commend and congratulate His Excellency President Dr. Mohamed Irfaan Ali and his Government on their rapid achievement of the transformation that has occurred in Guyana during 2022. With the country's economy expanding at the fastest rate in the world, Guyana's economy experienced a growth rate of 62.3%, while the traditional non-oil sector grew by 11.5%.
The Chamber further applauds the government for its responsiveness in undertaking several mega projects to keep up with this growth trajectory while maintaining diverse and competitive sectors.
Undeniably, the making of modern Guyana is well underway with the nation's overall GDP projected to grow by 25.1 %, while Non-oil real GDP is projected to grow by 7.9 % in 2023. In light of this projected growth, GCCI supports the key measures taken by the government to increase disposable income, ease the cost of living and support the vulnerable through numerous initiatives which include but are not limited to; salary adjustments, increasing the income tax threshold, containing the cost of fuel, reduction in freight charges and the reduced duty on the importation of new motor vehicles.
Moreover, the GCCI also commends the government for prioritizing support for small businesses, youth employment, agriculture and food security, transformative infrastructure and education. The Chamber calls on the government to work with small and medium miners in 2023 as we continue to project positive economic growth in the mining and quarrying sectors.
GCCI remains supportive of the government of the day and will continue to act as a partner in nation-building as we seek to improve the prosperity of Guyana. We anticipate the nation's continued advancement for the benefit of all Guyanese.
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Cop arrested for breaching COVID-19 guidelines
ESTABLISHMENT OF GUYANA'S SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUND


Acquisition Note: Source: E. W. Greenwalt, Acc. 2012-068.
Preferred Citation: Leon Greenwalt Papers, 1934-1951. HM1-041. Mennonite Church USA Archives. Elkhart, Indiana.
Scope and Contents: These papers primarily consist of Greenwalt's letters to his parents while he volunteered for the Civilian Public Service (CPS) during World War II. Greenwalt, a conscientious objector and member of the Mennonite Church, describes in his letters his work in fish and wildlife preservation. These letters provide insight into World War II conservation practices. Other materials in these papers include his application for conscientious objector status, newsletters and ephemera he collected while serving, and miscellaneous correspondence.
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1.Manap pulled a brand new silver cigarette case from the again pocket of his trousers of black uniform with a gilded engraving - a birthday current from the landlord of the establishment, an established significant other nonetheless within the yard early life of Haji-Huseyn Daniyalov.
He opened his cigarette case, treating the subordinates with cigarettes. even if he knew good that Bukar, the oldest of the guards, had by no means smoked in his lifestyles, however the moment shield, the thin thin Gadis, used to be smoking. He all complained that he throws a cigarette, yet he cannot, and whilst beg for an additional cigarette. He didn't appear to have any of his personal. This has been occurring for 3 months already, which Gadis heavily intends to give up smoking.
Whilst I moved to Rajasthan, India in March of 2013, it was once the start of the new season and this Michigan woman was once approach out of her humid convenience quarter within the sand dunes of the Thar barren region. I in a short time ended up with a life-threatening case of dehydration. simply because I enjoyed dwelling on the ashram a lot, I set approximately studying how the Rajasthani's thrived during this arid zone with so little water.
Conflict resolutely doesn't supply me peace. every one additional day takes hundreds of thousands of individuals. Nerves, or anything, i've got so prepared, basically army telegrams with a designation of the variety of humans killed and wounded produce a far more desirable impact on me than on others. one other frivolously reads: "Our losses are insignificant, such officials are wounded, the decrease ranks are killed 50, a hundred are wounded," and nonetheless rejoices that it's not sufficient, and whilst I learn such information, a complete bloody photograph instantly seems sooner than my eyes.
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The Adventures of Mr. Meowington: How Two Cats Transformed a Neighborhood.


text:
PEN America to Honor Flint Mother and Local Doctor for Speaking Out to Expose Poisoned Water Supply
LeeAnne Walters and Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha to Receive 2016 PEN/Toni and James C. Goodale Freedom of Expression Courage Award
NEW YORK—PEN America announced today it will present the 2016 PEN/Toni and James C. Goodale Freedom of Expression Courage Award to LeeAnne Walters and Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha of Flint, Michigan, at the annual PEN Literary Gala on May 16 at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. Walters and Dr. Hanna-Attisha were two essential voices in exposing the lead poisoning of Flint's water supply, calling out the grave damage to public health in a majority black community where about 40 percent of the population lives in poverty.
A mother of four, Walters demanded that the city test her water and was devastated to learn that its lead level was far beyond the Environmental Protection Agency's permissible limit. Her four-year-old son Gavin was diagnosed with potentially irreversible lead poisoning. Despite the test results and Walter's public protests to the Flint City Council, the city denied that it faced a serious water crisis. Walters then put in hours of research—uncovering glaring gaps in the city's testing and corrosion control protocols—to take directly to the regional EPA, which then engaged experts from Virginia Tech to lead a study that uncovered lead throughout Flint's water supply at levels up to twice what the EPA considers toxic waste.
"Courageousness in expression comes in many forms. Walters' gutsy perseverance in the face of official dismissiveness, political inertia, and willful ignorance is a powerful illustration of the centrality of citizens' expression to a thriving democracy," said Suzanne Nossel, Executive Director of PEN America. "The willingness of individuals to stand up, speak out, and refuse to be denied is an essential catalyst for the vindication of rights and the realization of reform."
The Virginia Tech water study tipped off local pediatrician Mona Hanna-Attisha, an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at Michigan State University and clinician at Flint's Hurley Medical Center, who surveyed the hospital's records of blood lead level testing in the city's children. Her results revealed a doubling in the number of cases of lead poisoning since the city's April 2014 move to a new water system. Dr. Hanna-Attisha took considerable professional risk in circumventing standard journal publication of her findings to instead announce them publicly in a press conference on September 24, 2015, at a time when the city and state continued to insist that Flint's water was safe. A spokesman for the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality disputed the results, calling her research "unfortunate" in a time of "near-hysteria." Just over a week later, the state confirmed Dr. Hanna-Attisha's findings, eliciting assistance from the Red Cross and National Guard, and a January 2016 declaration by President Obama of a State of Emergency in Flint.
"Dr. Hanna-Attisha spoke out for one of the country's most vulnerable populations," said Andrew Solomon, President of PEN America. "She bypassed standard channels to take on a malevolent state bureaucracy, undermining its assertion of official inviolability. Her success in drawing public attention to Flint's unfolding health crisis reflects the power of free expression to force unsavory facts out into the open. In speaking truth to power, she has saved innumerable lives."
The PEN/Toni and James C. Goodale Award was established in 2014 to honor exceptional acts of courage in the exercise of freedom of expression. In 2015, the award was presented to the surviving staff of French satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo, sparking a global public debate on the limits of satire and free expression.
PEN America's May 16 Literary Gala will also salute Harry Potter creator J.K. Rowling with the 2016 PEN/Allen Foundation Literary Service Award for engendering a love of literature among children worldwide. Additionally, the gala will applaud its Publisher Honoree, Hachette Book Group CEO Michael Pietsch, for his leadership in the fight against censorship.
Founded in 1922, PEN America is a community of 4,400 U.S. writers working to bring down barriers to free expression worldwide. Its distinguished members carry on the achievements in literature and advancement of human rights of such past members as Langston Hughes, Arthur Miller, and Susan Sontag. To learn more, visit www.pen.org
Sarah Edkins, Deputy Director for Communications: +1 646-779-4830, [email protected]
Alison Hendrie, Publicist: +1 914-450-3340, [email protected]
PEN America to Honor J.K. Rowling, Hachette CEO Michael Pietsch at Annual Literary Gala
Tags: Charlie Hebdo, Courage, Flint, Free Expression, lead poisoning, water crisisGenre: Press ReleaseTopic: 2016 PEN Literary GalaCategory: Advocacy


The next thing I noticed was the balloon ascending to the ceiling. The young boy begins crying and reaching for it. There was nothing his mother could do but watch it float away.
It was obvious that he did not really have a good grip on the string. He was not carefully following all his mother had told him to do.
Our God in Deuteronomy 28, tells us to carefully follow all His instructions. If we do, we can hold on to His blessings; blessings of prosperity, victory, peace, and so much more. There are great blessings for people who carefully follow what He says.
However, if you LET GO of what He says then, curses will come; curses of never having enough and always being defeated. There is nothing God can do until you decide to live right and obey His word.
Do you want God to set you high above those who do not follow Him? Well, that is exactly what He will do and has been doing since the first man and woman existed. Let us hold tight and see the promises of God take place in our lives.


I can't believe that I've been posting on this blog for a year now, that may be because I didn't always post regularly, but I really got into it, and I think I've learnt quite a lot along the way, that I thought I'd share. This isn't me claiming to be perfect, as there are areas that I need to improve on, and I'll share them in this post too.
I think that it is important to keep the reader's attention by tweeting, using Instagram daily, but also use these to stay in touch readers by asking questions and asking for feedback, both can be really helpful when trying to improve.
It isn't as easy as publishing a post and you've got views from the get go, you've got to work for views and promote like crazy. There are thousands of talented bloggers out there, so it's time to think of something to help you stand out from everybody else.
It can be a little disheartening at first when you don't get the views, but you have to push through and carry on, and not let it stop you. This may be a little easier if you have a genuine passion in the area, as you'll find that you enjoy writing, so it doesn't become a chore.
I think something that everyone has in common is that we all hate being lied to. This is why it is very important to be genuine, as people will think a lot less of you if you aren't. Writing honest reviews are important, as readers should know if it is worth the money, as that is why they're reading about the product anyway, and they will not be impressed if they buy it on your recommendation and it doesn't work.
Follow for follow? Giving a shout out instead of expecting them from others, and leaving nice comments on other people's posts and Instagram posts, can all help you to make friends and appear friendlier to other people who may help you in the long run; when it comes to working with other blogger on a collaborative post or a simple sharing of your links.
As I mentioned at the beginning of this post, there are many things that I need to improve on and I'm hoping to improve on all of these this year, so I guess you could call them New Years Resolutions.
I find this incredibly difficult. As being shy is a massive downfall for me. I don't know what's wrong with me. Knowing what to say is a struggle, and having the confidence to talk to someone first. I know how much getting involved can help, and I really want to work on it.
I have the two days that I want to post picked. I'm just not organised enough to actually stick to it.(Apart from November, which was a very good month for me). I need to invest in a diary and actually use it. I have learnt with this, as you can see from this post! Hopefully it can help you too.
I am the worlds worst for this and it is atrocious. I really need to improve and get things done on time. Not put things off until months later. It's not professional and makes me look unreliable, but that is no more!
I also did a little update of this post after two years!
I hope some of these tips help you, and I hope everyone has a great year!


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Expansion update: What Houston's Week 1 win taught us about how its market, recruits, talent fit the Big 12
Oklahoma quarterback Baker Mayfield (6) is stopped by Houston linebacker Steven Taylor in the second half of Houston's 33-23 victory in an NCAA college football game Saturday, Sept. 3, 2016, in Houston. (AP Photo/George Bridges)(AP)
By Chuck Carlton
8:38 PM on Sep 7, 2016 CDT
Advocates of Houston joining the Big 12 got a perfect example of what the Cougars could bring this past weekend.
So did Houston's critics.
Improbably, Houston's 33-23 season-opening upset of Big 12 Oklahoma managed to perpetuate the narrative of its supporters and skeptics in one performance, college football industry sources indicated this week.
The impressive victory comes as the Big 12 is conducting interviews in the DFW area for the 11 remaining expansion candidates: Air Force, BYU, Central Florida, Cincinnati, UConn, Colorado State, Houston, Rice, SMU, South Florida and Tulane.
The interviews are expected to be finished by early next week, if not sooner, sources indicated.
Then the Big 12 must decide if it needs more information from the candidates or begin the process of presenting a package of options and recommendations to the conference presidents, who are scheduled to meet Oct. 17 in the DFW area.
One source indicated that all options remain on the table, although the addition of two teams is the more likely possibility. Houston has long been viewed as one of three front-runners, along with BYU and Cincinnati. UConn, which raises geographic concerns and could be a football-only possibility, would probably be next in line.
But what will the presidents focus on: academics, football or a total conference fit?
Houston's backers have pointed to the Cougars as a great option for the Big 12, with its rise in football and academics to Tier I status. The win over Oklahoma only seemed to cement many of the arguments with the Cougars rising to No. 6 in the AP poll, its highest ranking since reaching third in 1990.
The TV numbers in the Houston market - where the Big 12 has struggled recently to gain eyeballs against the SEC - were huge.
With Houston have a majority of the 71,000 fans at NRG Stadium, it made for an interesting contrast with some other candidates, including Cincinnati and UConn which each drew under 30,000 for openers against FCS opponents.
Texas Tech coach Kliff Kingsbury, a former Houston assistant under Kevin Sumlin, praised coach Tom Herman and the school on the Big 12 conference call.
"You can recruit a lot of those players right there in that city," Kingsbury said. "It's obviously a great recruiting hotbed for all universities. They've done a great job keeping those kids right there in the city."
ESPN's "Film Room" noted that Tom Herman's recruits since 2015 come from an average of 35 miles from the Houston campus. That ability to draw recruits has made other Big 12 schools nervous about Houston recruiting even better if it joins a "power five" conference.
Oklahoma State coach Mike Gundy has been especially outspoken about Houston, telling the Tulsa World that "anyone that's not in Texas will have a more difficult time recruiting Texas if another Texas school gets in this league."
Gundy refrained from an I-told-ya-so moment this week but the point is made.
A win over Oklahoma seemed like a sign of the apocalypse to those concerned about Houston.
As Texas moved back in the AP rankings and posted a strong TV number in Houston during its win over Notre Dame, some wondered if Houston's market argument is still relevant.
But Houston could also be a long-term play if Texas bolts the Big 12 when the conference's grants of rights and TV contracts expire in 2024-25. Houston would provide a conference member in a key market.
Twitter: @ChuckCarltonDMN
Get the latest college news here | Follow dmn_colleges on Twitter
Chuck Carlton, College sports writer. Covering college sports for the Morning News for more than a decade plus a whole lot of other stuff in past lives. Much like the Big 12, I've improbably survived two bouts of realignment.
ccarlton@dallasnews.com @ChuckCarltonDMN


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What Adam Smith Really Said About Government
July 29, 2012 7:36 amComments are Disabled
I am a little late to the party, but I read Adam Gopnik's piece on Obama's "you didn't build that" comment, and I am a little disappointed that he fails to understand Adam Smith's message, or if he does, he has failed to represent his position correctly. Gopnik should know this, having reviewed Nicholas Phillipson's Adam Smith: An Enlightened Life (a book I happen to have read just two weeks ago), with its elucidation of the humanistic tradition of the Scottish enlightenment where Smith had his intellectual genesis. Although Gopnik is correct on one front–that Smith's theory of free markets was really not a theory of free markets at all, but a sweeping indictment of the British mercantilist class, whose unprecedented wealth and prosperity was founded upon the control of the levers of government commercial policy–he is wrong on another, that "Smith was for a government that intervened regularly and actively on behalf of consumers and against the natural tendency of "producers"—i.e., very wealthy people, whether aristocratic landowners or manufacturers or, perhaps, financial-leverage experts—to band together for their own benefit." Just because Smith opposed a government that was in the pocket of the monied classes, it does not follow that he advocated an activist government to oppose the monied classes in the interests of consumers. His genius was to recognize that a government of this nature would very quickly become virtually identical to the one it was originally created to prevent, as we can very clearly see in our society today.
It didn't take a genius in Smith's time–nor does it take one now–to recognize the crass oligarchy of the mercantilists and the guild system's merchant class opulence at the expense of the poor. Their monopolies were enforced and guaranteed by government fiat–only approved vendors could trade in tobacco, for example, and these vendors came from the monied class who regulated their own industry's rules. This monopoly was what Smith sought to break. But Smith's prescription for the madness of the plutocrats was to increase the freedom of the marketplace and thus decentralize their power. He did not advocate a greater role of government in the economy; in fact, the breakthrough for which he is most famous–first examined in the Theory of Moral Sentiments and then analyzed in Wealth of Nations–was the recognition that people organized voluntarily and privately for their own interests create more wealth and prosperity for society on the whole even though such a result was never part of their intention, whereas individuals who "affect to trade for the public good" often cause great harm to society even though such a result was never part of their intention.
By preferring the support of domestic to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention. Nor is it always the worse for the society that it was not part of it. By pursuing his own interest he frequently promotes that of the society more effectually than when he really intends to promote it. I have never known much good done by those who affected to trade for the public good. It is an affectation, indeed, not very common among merchants, and very few words need be employed in dissuading them from it.
The latter (highlighted) part of this invisible hand–called by Milton Friedman the inverse invisible hand–is often ignored by critics of liberalism when they pursue an active government intervention in the economy. The solution for the unfair distribution of wealth caused by government-created monopolies and trade restrictions was not the re-assignment of this distribution to a different entity led by different interests. Smith's solution was the opposite: to lesson the undo influence of monied interests who would "affect to trade for the public good" and thus cause greater economic harm to society on the whole.
The America of today is one that closely resembles 18th century Britain. We, too, have our trade guilds, but we call it "lobbying." Almost every industry has a lobbying group that seeks to pass favorable legislation to benefit it, whether it be in the form of subsidy or tax breaks (corn and oil lobby) or in the form of restricting competition from similar industries (tobacco lobby). Our biggest guilds are, for some reason, immune in the public sphere from criticism, such as the National Education Association, also known as the national teachers' union, which exists solely to break any competition in the education industry, or our vaunted trade groups such as the American Medical Association or American Legal Association, who determine the legal status of their own practitioners and thus restrict innovation and competition and crush dissent. Trade associations function as legal cartels–in the US mostly not violent ones, but cartels nonetheless. Smith saw much the same problems in Britain, and prescribed a wide-ranging set of reforms to address these problems, including, among other things, the elimination of barriers to free trade, both inside and outside national borders. Jobs and wages, he wrote, should be commensurate with experience and skill, and relate directly to the relationship established between the buyer and seller, not established by fiat, often enforced by thuggery and violence. (Meanwhile, do you know what happens in the US if you try to open a hair salon without approval from your competition in the hair salon industry?)
Smith's prescription for today's America would not be to increase the influence of monied interests. His prescription would be to decrease their influence by opening up the markets to competition. This opening up necessitates the absence of government, not its expansion. To the claim that the government is necessary to open the market–or that such a thing is even possible–Smith's inverse invisible hand quite clearly shows us the folly of such magical thinking. In the efforts the US government has made in the last century–ostensibly under the influence of Keynesianism–to make the market "more free" have only resulted in less freedom, and often at the expense of the very people the markets are supposed to help. The late Interstate Commerce Commission is a good example of this notion–known as regulatory capture–but examples can be found almost everywhere regulatory bodies exist. The government's role in the markets provides a perfect opportunity for monied interest to control these regulatory bodies and ultimately use their power for their own advantage. We have seen, under the proliferation of banking regulation, the number of banks decrease–not increase–and thus the options available to consumers in order to better protect their deposits shrink. This was probably not the intention of the regulators attempting to improve competition, but it is quite apparently the result.
Gopnik is right that Smith envisioned a role for government included very many things that could be called public goods–roads, bridges, etc. But this is not where the US government spends most of its money, and this is not what people mean when we say "regulation." Regulation for its own sake is not the solution–that sort of assumption leads to justifying every intervention in the so-called service of any constituency. Price supports to benefit farmers. Tax breaks to benefit oil companies. And yes, entitlements to pay for healthcare and old age annuities at the expense of the public at large. The very things that Gopnik criticizes–for example, the situation that causes "people with undue influence on the government to have a lower tax rate than people who don't"–is a result of regulation. We have a pretty giant regulation–the Internal Revenue Code–which was constructed originally to benefit the public at large but has since been hijacked by special interests who use it to their advantage. Or we can look at the biggest bonus of all, the $1.6 trillion in taxpayers' money that was spent to impoverish American citizens to the benefit of a few bankers on Wall Street, who have since used their magic security blanket to gamble more money in the markets. They have achieved this bailout and these results as the result of a revolving door of regulators, treasury secretaries and finance CEOs that have worked with each other to reinforce their own wealth and power at the expense of the public at large. This is the definition of plutocracy, and it is an outrage that the forces most in favor of bailing out the banks are the liberal elite who most bemoan the undue power and influence of bankers.
We need a government that will guarantee fair adjudication of contracts, protect private property, keep law and order, protect our borders, and, in rare instances, protect those common resources which we all use and thus have a common obligation to pay for. If Smith truly was a believer in the good of all people–which he was–he would want us to depend on our common morality and decency to support each other in times of need (which we do) and share the fruits of our labor for our own benefit as well as that of others (which we do) and to trust government to protect us from harm (which we do). But the goodness of people is not so much in question as much as the danger of giving good people the power to do things that they think are good for the public and in doing so, harm society on the whole. Diagnosing this problem and prescribing a solution–that was the genius of Smith.
Adam Gopnik Adam Smith Competition Economics Government Invisible Hand New Yorker Oligarchy Public Good Regulation Theory of Moral Sentiments Wealth Wealth of Nations


Applications of Mathematics and Informatics in Military Science covers a wide variety of mathematical methods used with application to defense and security. Each contribution considers directions and pursuits of scientists that pertain to the military as well as the theoretical background required for methods, algorithms, and techniques used in military applications. The direction of theoretical results in these applications is conveyed and open problems and future areas of focus are highlighted. Topics covered include: applied OR and military applications, signal processing, scattering, scientific computing and applications, combat simulation and statistical modeling, satellite remote sensing, and applied informatics (cryptography and coding).


Review: Dave is one of the best stealth products on the market. You load it on your Mac, and you can access any of your Windows machines. I map a drive to a common graphics folder on Windows and everyone shares the files. Only one caution, you can only share PostScript printers. If you want to print from your Mac to your shared "HP" printer you'll need a PowerPrint or Axis network printing box.


LEAWOOD, Kan.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- AMC Entertainment Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: AMC) ("AMC" or the "Company") previously announced on March 5, 2019 on Form 8-K, its intention to refinance its existing credit facilities and today announced it has completed the pricing and allocation for a private offering of $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Term Loans due 2026 and the extension of its $225.0 million revolving credit facility to 2024. The new term loans will be sold to investors at a price of 99.5% of the principal amount and will bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 3.0%. The closing of the refinancing is expected to occur on April 22, 2019; subject to customary closing conditions.
Adam Aron, AMC's CEO and President, commented, "The interest and commitment we have received from AMC's lenders for the successful amendment and extension of our credit facilities is more good news for our company. We have taken advantage of attractive market conditions today to improve AMC's capital structure, with more flexible terms, and no maturities until 2024, a full five years from now. We remain committed to generating more free cash flow and de-levering our balance sheet over time. The expected completion of this more than $2 billion refinancing is yet another step forward for our company and reflects the confidence of our lenders in AMC's future value proposition and strategic direction."
The Company intends to use the net proceeds to retire the existing Senior Secured Term Loans due 2022 and 2023, totaling approximately $1.35 billion, and to redeem all of the outstanding 5.875% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2022, totaling approximately $375 million, and the 6.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2023 totaling approximately $230 million, pursuant to the provisions of the indentures pursuant to which such notes were issued. This press release does not constitute an offer to purchase or a solicitation of an offer to sell any such notes.
This press release includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the "safe harbor" provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as "forecast," "plan," "estimate," "will," "would," "project," "maintain," "intend," "expect," "anticipate," "prospect," "strategy," "future," "likely," "may," "should," "believe," "continue," "opportunity," "potential," and other similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. These forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time the statements are made and/or management's good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events, and are subject to risks, trends, uncertainties and other facts that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements. These risks, trends, uncertainties and facts include, but are not limited to, (i) the failure to consummate or a delay in consummating the proposed transactions and (ii) business risks related to: motion picture production and performance; AMC's lack of control over distributors of films; intense competition in the geographic areas in which AMC operates; increased use of alternative film delivery methods or other forms of entertainment; shrinking exclusive theatrical release windows; international economic, political, regulatory and other risks, including risks related to the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union; risks and uncertainties relating to AMC's significant indebtedness; AMC's ability to execute cost cutting and revenue enhancement initiatives; box office performance; limitations on the availability of capital; risks relating to AMC's inability to achieve the expected benefits and performance from its recent acquisitions; AMC's ability to refinance its indebtedness on favorable terms; optimizing AMC's theatre circuit through construction and the transformation of its existing theatres may be subject to delay and unanticipated costs; failures, unavailability or security breaches of AMC's information systems; risks relating to impairment losses, including with respect to goodwill and other intangibles, and theatre and other closure charges; AMC's ability to utilize net operating loss carryforwards to reduce its future tax liability or valuation allowances taken with respect to deferred tax assets; review by antitrust authorities in connection with acquisition opportunities; risks relating to unexpected costs or unknown liabilities relating to recently completed acquisitions; risks relating to the incurrence of legal liability including costs associated with recently filed class action lawsuits; general political, social and economic conditions and risks, trends, uncertainties and other factors discussed in the reports AMC has filed with the SEC. Should one or more of these risks, trends, uncertainties or facts materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those indicated or anticipated by the forward-looking statements contained herein. Accordingly, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by, which such performance or results will be achieved. For a detailed discussion of risks, trends and uncertainties facing AMC, see the section entitled "Risk Factors" in AMC's reports on Forms 10-K and Form 10-Q filed with the SEC, and the risks, trends and uncertainties identified in its other public filings. AMC does not intend, and undertakes no duty, to update any information contained herein to reflect future events or circumstances, except as required by applicable law.