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Die Straßenbahn Île-de-France (französisch Tramway d'Île-de-France) ergänzt das Nahverkehrssystem im Ballungsgebiet der Île-de-France um die französische Hauptstadt Paris. Zusätzlich zum S-Bahn-ähnlichen Réseau express régional d'Île-de-France (RER), der als Métro bezeichneten U-Bahn und den Linienbussen verlaufen ihre Strecken vor allem in den Vorstädten; im Stadtgebiet von Paris verkehren weitgehend nur die Linien T3a und T3b, die einen fast geschlossenen Straßenbahnring entlang der Pariser Stadtgrenze darstellen.

Das Verkehrsunternehmen RATP betreibt acht Linien (T1, T2, T3a, T3b, T5, T6, T7 und T8), die französische Staatsbahn SNCF sowie deren Tochterunternehmen Keolis und Transkeo je eine weitere (T4, T9, T11). Die Linien T5 und T6 sind sogenannte Tramways sur pneumatiques (Straßenbahn auf Gummireifen) nach dem System Translohr.

Nach Fertigstellung der Linien T1 bis 8 erreicht das Straßenbahnnetz der RATP eine Gesamtlänge von mehr als 100 km. Mit 223 Haltestellen ist es das größte in Frankreich.

Hinsichtlich der Fahrgastzahlen wird es mit durchschnittlich 830 000 Benutzern täglich zum drittgrößten Europas aufsteigen. Für 2020 erwarten die Betreiber bis zu eine Million Fahrgäste täglich.

Während in allen anderen Straßenbahnbetrieben Frankreichs am "Tag der Arbeit" der Verkehr komplett ruht, verkehren die Straßenbahnen in Paris auch am 1. Mai.

Straßenbahnen in Paris und näherer Umgebung (1853 bis 1957)

Bereits ab 1853 verkehrten in Paris, sowie in seinen Vororten, Straßenbahnen: zunächst als Pferdebahn, später auch als Dampf- und Kabelstraßenbahn, schließlich ab 1881 elektrisch. 1925 erreichte das Straßenbahnnetz seine größte Ausdehnung mit 1111 km Streckenlänge und 122 Linien (zum Vergleich: das heute größte Straßenbahnnetz, jenes in Melbourne, ist knapp 250 km lang). 1938 verkehrte die letzte Straßenbahn im eigentlichen Paris, 1957 in Versailles die letzte in der gesamten Île-de-France.

Die neuen Straßenbahnen (ab 1992)
35 Jahre nach der Einstellung der letzten Straßenbahnlinie im Großraum Paris, genauer in Versailles, erlebte die Straßenbahn 1992 eine Renaissance. Nach Nantes und Grenoble entschied man sich auch in der Region Île-de-France zum Bau einer Straßenbahnlinie. Heute sind in der Region elf Straßenbahnlinien in Betrieb. Die Strecken sind teilweise untereinander nicht verbunden und teilweise auch aufgrund unterschiedlicher Fahrzeugbreiten und unterschiedlicher Fahrwegsysteme zueinander inkompatibel.

Statistik

Entwicklung des Straßenbahnnetzes der Île-de-France
 2010: 4 Linien (Gesamtlänge 41,4 km; 71 Haltestellen) sind in Betrieb; täglich 370 000 Benutzer
 2014: 9 Linien (Gesamtlänge 105 km; 187 Haltestellen) sind in Betrieb; täglich 830 000 Benutzer
 nach Abschluss der noch geplanten Maßnahmen werden auf 11 Linien 320 Straßenbahngarnituren unterwegs sein (Gesamtstreckenlänge 123 km; 276 Haltestellen); sie werden 57 Gemeinden miteinander verbinden; täglich werden mehr als eine Million Benutzer erwartet.

Fahrgastzahlen 2000–2014

Linie T1

Die erste Linie, T1 genannt, ist eine tangentiale Verbindung der Vororte nördlich von Paris – in der ersten Ausbaustufe verband sie Saint-Denis mit Bobigny. Seit 2003 erreicht sie im Osten Noisy-le-Sec. 2012 wurde sie im Westen bis Asnières-Genevilliers Les Courtilles verlängert, und 2019 von dort um eine Station bis Asnières-Quatre Routes.

Die Inbetriebnahme der östlichen Verlängerung Noisy-le-Sec – Val de Fontenay war erst für 2017 geplant, ist aber bis 2023 verspätet. Die Verlängerung im Westen (Asnières-Gennevillers – Victor Basch – Ruel Malmaison) wird erst 2023 in Betrieb gehen.

Linie T2

Als zweite Linie der neuen Straßenbahnen folgte 1997 die Linie T2, die allerdings eher einer Stadtbahn entspricht. Die 1997 eröffnete Strecke verläuft großteils auf einer adaptierten Eisenbahnstrecke und verbindet La Défense mit Issy-Val de Seine (in Issy-les-Moulineaux). Sie wurde 2009 im Osten bis Porte de Versailles verlängert und war damit nach der T3 die zweite Linie, die das Stadtgebiet von Paris erreichte. 2012 erfolgte eine weitere Verlängerung, diesmal im Westen bis Pont de Bezons (Bezons).

Linien T3a und T3b

Mit der Linie T3 erfolgte die Rückkehr der Straßenbahn innerhalb der Grenzen von Paris: Auf den Boulevards des Maréchaux, einem Ring in Paris nahe der Stadtgrenze, verkehrt seit Ende 2006 eine Straßenbahn. Zunächst verkehrte die Linie T3 zwischen den Haltestellen Porte d'Ivry und Pont du Garigliano. Eine Verlängerung entlang des Ringes Richtung Osten und in weiterer Folge nach Norden zur Haltestelle Porte de la Chapelle wurde im Dezember 2012 eröffnet. Dabei wurde die Linie in zwei Linienteile gebrochen. Die frühere Linie T3 wurde im Osten bis Porte de Vincennes verlängert und fährt nun als Linie T3a von Pont du Garigliano bis Porte de Vincennes. Die Linie T3b fährt von Porte de Vincennes nach Porte d'Asnières, eine Verlängerung nach Porte Dauphine ist für 2023 vorgesehen.

Linie T4

Die 2006 eröffnete Linie T4 verkehrt als Tram-Train und verbindet Bondy mit Aulnay-sous-Bois. Hier verkehren Straßenbahnfahrzeuge, die sowohl auf Vollbahn- als auch Straßenbahnstrecken fahren können, auf einer angepassten Eisenbahnstrecke mit einer Fahrleitungsspannung von 25 kV. In zwei Etappen 2019 und 2020 wurde die Strecke um einen Abzweig von Gargan nach Montfermeil Hôpital ergänzt, in dessen Streckenverlauf auch straßenbündige Abschnitte liegen. Auf dieser Zweigstrecke wird die Fahrleitung mit 750 V Gleichspannung gespeist.

Linie T5

Am 29. Juli 2013 wurde die Linie T5 in Betrieb genommen, die von Saint-Denis Richtung Norden nach Garges-Sarcelles führt und nach dem System Translohr ausgeführt ist. Die 6,6 Kilometer lange Strecke bedient 16 Haltestellen und wird von der RATP betrieben.

Linie T6

Die Linie T6 verläuft südlich von Paris von der Endstelle Châtillon – Montrouge der Métro-Linie 13 Richtung Westen nach Viroflay und wurde am 13. Dezember 2014 in Betrieb genommen. Diese Linie ist wie die T5 nach dem System Translohr gebaut. Sie ist 14 Kilometer lang und bedient 21 Haltestellen. Der unterirdisch verlaufende Teil der Strecke – es handelt sich um 1,6 km mit den Haltestellen Viroflay-Rive Gauche und Viroflay-Rive Droite – ist seit dem 28. Mai 2016 in Betrieb. Die Strecke durchquert die Gemeinden Châtillon, Clamart, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Meudon, Vélizy-Villacoublay und Viroflay. Es entstehen Anschlüsse an die Metrolinie 13, die Transilien-Strecken L und N und den RER C sowie verschiedene Buslinien.

Linie T7

Die Linie T7, die am 16. November 2013 in Betrieb ging, wurde als klassische Straßenbahn auf Stahlrädern ausgeführt. Vom südlichen Endpunkt Villejuif – Louis Aragon der Métrolinie 7 führt die 11,2 km lange Strecke mit insgesamt 18 Haltestellen über den Flughafen Orly bis nach Athis-Mons. Es werden Gliederzüge des Typs Alstom Citadis eingesetzt. Die Straßenbahn bietet Anschlüsse an den RER C, die Métrolinie 7 und den Metrobus Trans-Val-de-Marne. Eine Verlängerung bis Juvisy-sur-Orge ist in Bau.

Linie T8

Die Linie T8, die am 16. Dezember 2014 ihren Dienst aufnahm, ist eine klassische Straßenbahn auf Stahlrädern. Sie führt von der Métrostation Saint-Denis – Porte de Paris in Richtung Norden nach Épinay-sur-Seine; ein abzweigender Streckenast geht zur Universität in Villetaneuse. Die Teilstrecken sind insgesamt 8,5 km lang. Es gibt 17 Haltestellen, darunter drei Endhaltestellen. Aufgrund der Y-förmigen Streckenführung trägt die Linie auch die Bezeichnung Tram'y. Für die Verlängerung um drei Kilometer nach Süden zum noch zu bauenden RER-Bahnhof Rosa Parks der RER-Linie E und zur gleichnamigen Straßenbahnhaltestelle der Linie T3b ist noch kein Fertigstellungsdatum genannt.

Linie T9

Vor Zuteilung einer Liniennummer trug das Projekt die Bezeichnung Tramway Porte de Choisy – Orly Ville.
Diese Linie, die von der Metro-Station Porte de Choisy mit Anschluss an die Métrolinie 7 im Süden von Paris nach Orly führt, ersetzt die Buslinie RATP 183, die schon seit Jahren die Grenzen ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit erreicht hatte. Sie verbindet die Gemeinden Paris, Ivry-sur-Seine, Vitry-sur-Seine, Choisy-le-Roi, Thiais und Orly miteinander. Entlang der rund zehn Kilometer langen Strecke bestehen 19 Haltestellen. Die Fertigstellung war ursprünglich für 2020 geplant. Schließlich erfolgte die Inbetriebnahme im April 2021.

Entlang der Strecke werden weitere Umsteigemöglichkeiten entstehen: zur Linie 3a der Pariser Straßenbahn, zur Métrolinie M15, zu den Metrobuslinien TvM und zur RATP-Linie 393 und zwei Anschlüsse an die RER-Linie RER C.

Die Endhaltestelle in Orly ist so gewählt, dass die Strecke zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt problemlos bis zum Flughafengelände Orly verlängert werden kann. Dort ergäben sich Umsteigemöglichkeiten zur T7 und zu den Linien M14 und M18 des geplanten Grand Paris Express.

Die Fahrzeuge wurden von Alstom geliefert: Im November 2016 schloss das STIF die entsprechenden Verträge mit Alstom über die Lieferung von 22 Garnituren der Baureihe X05. Später wurde spezifiziert die Version 405 festgelegt. Fahrzeuge dieses Typs sollen auch auf der Linie T10 eingesetzt werde. Es gibt außerdem eine Option über die Lieferung von 68 weiteren Garnituren. Der erste Zug wurden im Oktober 2019 geliefert und der letzte im November 2020.

Linie T10

Von der geplanten Straßenbahn von Antony nach Clamart werden auch die Gemeinden Châtenay-Malabry und Le Plessis-Robinson profitieren. Die Strecke wird 8½ km lang sein und 14 Haltestellen erhalten. Im Einzugsbereich dieser Linie leben 160 000 Menschen.

An der Endstation im Osten, das heißt in Antony, wird es Anschlüsse an den RER B und an die Metrobuslinie Trans-Val-de-Marne geben. Im westlichen Teil der Strecke wird auf dem Stadtgebiet von Clamart – an der Haltestelle Hôpital Béclère – eine Umsteigeverbindung zur Straßenbahnlinie T6 entstehen.

Mit den vorbereitenden Arbeiten konnte im Dezember 2017 begonnen werden, erste Ingenieursbauten wurden ab 2019 errichtet. Die Inbetriebnahme war zunächst für 2021 vorgesehen. 2020 geht man von der Inbetriebnahme eines ersten Teilabschnitts erst im Jahr 2023 aus. Der letzte Teilabschnitt betrifft die Strecke Jardin Parisien – Clamart.

Die Tram-Express-Strecken
Die drei folgenden Strecken sind Tram-Train-Strecken, zwei davon mit echtem Tram-Train-Betrieb, das heißt also Eisenbahn auf einem Teil der Strecke, und im Straßenbahnmodus auf einem zweiten Streckenteil. Sie wurden zunächst als Tram Express Nord, Sud und Ouest bezeichnet. Seit Sommer 2016 sind sie mit den Nummern T11, T12 und T13 in das Schema der Straßenbahnen der Île-de-France eingereiht.

Linie T11

Unter der Bezeichnung Tangentielle Nord, später Tram Express Nord wurde der Tram-Train-Betrieb zwischen Sartrouville und Noisy-le-Sec entlang der Grande Ceinture geplant. Das mittlere Teilstück der Linie zwischen Épinay-Villetaneuse und Le Bourget ging am 1. Juli 2017 in Betrieb. Es werden 15 vierteilige Citadis Dualis von Alstom eingesetzt.

Linie T12
Die ursprüngliche Bezeichnung für die geplante Strecke Évry – Massy – Versailles Chantiers lautete Tram Express Sud. Die Strecke wird im Streckenabschnitt Massy – Épinay-sur-Orge auf Eisenbahngleisen fahren und hier eine Teilstrecke des RER C übernehmen. Der Abschnitt Épinay-sur-Orge – Évry wird als Straßenbahnlinie gebaut werden. Die Strecke wird 20 Kilometer lang und mehrfach mit dem RER-Netz verknüpft werden: in Massy-Palaiseau mit RER B; in Épinay mit dem RER C und in Évry-Courcouronnes mit dem RER D. In einem zweiten Bauabschnitt wird die Strecke Massy – Versailles Chantiers ausgebaut. Die bestehende Eisenbahnlinie wird zunächst von der Ost-West-Spange des RER C betrieben; es ist vor allem eine Anpassung der Bahnhöfe notwendig, welche auch alle weiterhin betrieben werden sollen. Sie befindet sich noch im Planungsstadium. Baubeginn war für 2015 vorgesehen, die Inbetriebnahme für 2020.

Das STIF genehmigte im Juni 2014 den Ausbau der Tram-Train-Strecke zwischen Massy und Evry.

Letzten Endes wird also die Ost-West-Spange im RER-C-Netz vollständig vom Tram-Train übernommen. Alternativ stand auch zur Diskussion, dass der Westteil, also die Strecke Versailles – Massy, zu einer Verlängerung eines anderen RER-C-Astes wird.

Linie T13

Anfangs hatte das Projekt für die Strecke Saint-Cyr – Saint-Germain-en-Laye – Archères den Namen Tram Express Ouest. Es ist ein Tram-Train. Die erste Teilstrecke ist 18,8 Kilometer lang, von denen 14½ km auf den Gleisanlagen des Großen Pariser Eisenbahnrings (Grande Ceinture) westlich von Paris verläuft. Sie wird den RER-Bahnhof von Saint-Cyr (Linie RER C) mit dem RER-Bahnhof in Saint-Germain-en-Laye (RER A) verbinden. Ihre Inbetriebnahme war für 2018 vorgesehen, erfolgte aber erst 2022.

2019, also bereits ein Jahr später, sollte eine Abzweigung von Saint Germain-en-Laye über Poissy nach Archères ihren Dienst aufnehmen. Es ergeben sich sowohl in Poissy als auch in Archères Umstiegsmöglichkeiten zur RER A und zu verschiedenen Linien des Transilien-Netzes.

In einem dritten Abschnitt könnte die Strecke von Archéres bis Cergy verlängert werden.

Auf dem ersten Abschnitt werden 11 vierteilige Citadis Dualis von Alstom eingesetzt.

Linienübersicht

 : Tangentiallinie in den nördlichen Vororten von Paris, verbindet Asnières-Quatre Routes über Saint-Denis mit Noisy-le-Sec
 : Tangentiallinie westlich von Paris, verbindet Bezons über das Geschäftsviertel La Défense mit Porte de Versailles in Paris, verkehrt großteils auf einer vormaligen SNCF-Strecke
 : Tramway des Maréchaux sud, ehemals T3, war erste Linie in Paris (intra-muros), verkehrt am südlichen und östlichen Stadtrand zwischen Pont du Garigliano und Porte de Vincennes
 : Tramway des Maréchaux est, Verlängerung der T3a, verkehrt am östlichen und nördlichen Stadtrand zwischen Porte de Vincennes und Porte d'Asnières
 : nordöstlich von Paris, verbindet Bondy in zwei Zweigen mit Aulnay-sous-Bois und Montfermeil Hôpital; wird von der SNCF als Tram-Train betrieben
 : nördlich von Paris, verbindet Saint-Denis mit Garges-Sarcelles, wird nach dem System Translohr betrieben
 : südlich von Paris, verbindet – im Endausbau – Châtillon – Montrouge (südliche Endstation der Métro 13) mit Viroflay; wird nach dem System Translohr betrieben
 : südlich von Paris, verbindet Villejuif (südliche Endstation der Métro 7) mit Athis-Mons
 : Tram'y, nördlich von Paris, verbindet Saint-Denis in zwei Zweigen mit Épinay-sur-Seine und Villetaneuse
: Tramway lumière, südlich von Paris, verbindet Porte de Choisy über Vitry mit Orly; wird von Keolis betrieben
 : Tram Express Nord, nördlich von Paris, verbindet Épinay-sur-Seine und Le Bourget; wird von Transkeo (Tochterunternehmen von SNCF und Keolis) betrieben

Zukünftige Neubaustrecken und Streckenverlängerungen

Übersicht: Geplante Verlängerungen bestehender Strecken

Übersicht: Geplante Neubaustrecken

Siehe auch
 Öffentlicher Nahverkehr in Paris

Literatur

Weblinks

 Veröffentlichung des AMTUIR Musée des Transport Urbain abgerufen 26. Dezember 2014 (französisch)
 Foto: Dampflok Harding der Tramways Sud
 Offizielle Seite zur Linie T3 (frz.)
 Offizielle Seite zum Bau der Linie T8 (frz.)
 Offizielle Seite der Linie T9 (frz.), Archivlink abgerufen am 21. September 2022
 Stadtplanausschnitt mit Strecke der T9, Archivlink abgerufen am 21. September 2022
 Veröffentlichung des STIF; April 2014 zum Bau der T10
 Karte der Linie T10 (STIF)
 Spiegel Online: Vive le Tram! (14. Dezember 2006)

Einzelnachweise

Paris IledeFrance


In software engineering the unified modeling language ("UML") is a well established technique for providing overview of complex systems and an efficient means of communicating about them. There are about ten diagrams for different views on the system. These diagrams have tremendously improved the ability to construct large systems by large teams, as one can look at the system at different levels and as one can profit from visualization. Furthermore the UML models contains all the system's information needed for implementation.
I'm wondering whether a similar method could be useful for doing (and commuicating about) mathematical structures and theories. Often so many definitions are built one upon the other and so many properties are introduced that it seems to be difficult to have an overview of the "architecture" of a theory.
For example one could have one sort of diagram showing how the mathematical structures are build form each other (e.g. a field built by two groups - with the respective axioms "inherited" - and further "compatibility conditions" between them). In priciple you would be able to track back all structures to the "mother structures" algebraic structure, order structure, topolological structure.) Interestingly the object oriented paradigm used by UML, i.e. encapsulating attributes and methods into classes is somehow similar to the categorical approach in mathematics (encapsulating objects and morphisms).
Another sort of diagram could represent a (part of a) theory by an annotated graph, the nodes/edges of which are the definitions, theorems and proofs and by navigating you see exactly which property/definition is used at which point.
I apologize for the "fuzziness" of the question but I feel a discussion about a sort of visual notation / graphical representation in mathematics could be of interest (perhaps the categorical viewpoint with its unifying force and its diagramms is already what can be achieved, but I think there could be other, complementary ways). Does anybody know of attempts in this direction? Would you consider such a graphical representation of mathematical structures (in addition to the standard, more linear way of representing things) helpful for communication in research and/or in education?
I believe that graphical representation is more common in mathematical writing than in any other type of writing (including most computer software). I think the Mathematica front-end would be a good tool to build this sort of thing.
One could consider UML as a kind of "front end" for category theory. For example, a basic database schema is just a category (and a more interesting database schema is a sketch).
So if UML is just a visual representation of category theory, then your question can be easily answered in the affirmative. Category theory is excellent at modeling all sorts of different math, and visually representing these models is surely useful.
There are areas where a graphical presentation may poorly communicate the idea. In my work on hyperassociativity, I spent many hours writing equation after equation after equation (given that hyperassociativity was a second order way of specifying a potentially countably infinite number of equations or identities, this seemed like a common sense approach). To this day, I do not know how any visualization could have helped me get a result, other than trying calculation after calculation. Also, the result itself (a basis of five equations is equivalent to hyperassociativity expressed in a language with one binary operation symbol) is to me more easily expressed in words than in pictures.
I imagine there are other areas, especially dealing with certain linguistic problems, where some graphical representation does not add to the communication process. However, there are places where it will add. I have an idea for generalizing the result above which will involve looking at trees and picturesque (pun intended) attempts at deriving results.
I also have a sideline which has some interest in a project of this sort.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged soft-question mathematics-education big-list big-picture or ask your own question.
Which mathematical definitions should be formalised in Lean?
Is there a simple algebraic setup to accomodate fibres and cofibres at the same time?


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text:
INTERVIEW: Max Biamou reflects on City's win over Notts County
Biamou's brace helped City on their way to Wembley...
Tom Leach
@TomLeachSport
Sky Blues striker Max Biamou says he has been working on his acrobatics in training after City swept rivals Notts County away in a stunning 4-1 win at Meadow Lane.
The victory helped City reach Wembley for the second time in 13 months where they will be looking to replicate last season's heroics.
However, before the Wembley festivities can begin, Biamou says his teammates still have plenty to do.
"We have got nine more days of work now," said Biamou with a smile.
"Promotion was our aim from day one. I am very happy to have been Man of the Match at Meadow Lane and happy to have scored two goals, but obviously getting to Wembley was the aim and we have done that."
The Frenchman gave City the lead early on with a spectacular bicycle kick early on but could have had the Sky Blues ahead after just 50 seconds.
"That would have been a great start and I was a little frustrated about that, but after that I scored two great goals. When I miss a chance I try and stay focused and just make sure I get myself into a position to score again.
"You just have to believe in yourself and believe in god. I am working hard in training to score acrobatic goals like I did today.
"We are all working hard and the win is the result of that. We train hard and we stay together on the pitch and we try to score goals.
"We know how good a team we have. We have had a lot of bad luck this season but we know that if we stay focussed and work hard during games we are going to win it. We have a great team."
He added: "This will be my first time at Wembley. I am so happy, but our goal for this season was never to get to Wembley, it was to get promotion.
"We have to work hard now for the next nine days. I want to win this game."
Notts County vs Coventry City on 18 May 18

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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At the present moment the beta value for National Oilwell Varco, Inc. (NYSE:NOV) stock is recording 1.24, which makes it 0.24 times more volatile in oppose to the market with having a moving average of -22.82% during the period of the last 200 days, which provides resistance measurements for long positions. Additionally, National Oilwell Varco, Inc. (NOV) stock is set at -1.93% below the moving average for the last 50 days, which provides support for short positions. The average value for of volatility on daily basis for the previous week recorded 4.34% of rise, which is 3.17% higher when compared to the volatility values in the course of the last 30 days.
Switching to Amarin Corporation plc (NASDAQ:AMRN), AMRN shares traded at the value of $18.99 after a drop of $16 during the latest trading session. After opening the session at the price of 18.35, that way marking a revisited high, AMRN shares soon afterward marked a drop. By far, many analysts have agreed to a prediction with a consensus call at 1.40. The company, Amarin Corporation plc, is presently rated at 3 buy, 0 for holds and 0 for selling, with the latest drop by -3.37%, which led the stocks down to the present price from a high of $ 19.09. After the latest close, AMRN weighs $6.00B in market value.
Amarin Corporation plc (AMRN) has a consensus hold rating from 0 Wall Street analysts with a current number of short selling shares presently at the amount of around 149.51M of shares. AMRN has had a rough year with 34.83% up on its year to date chart, also dropping by -9.74% during the course of the last 30 days. However, Wall Street seem to be interested in AMRN stock as investors are getting bullish on the stock. 3 analysts among those covering the stock are reporting a buy-equivalent rating. According to analysts, it could reach the price target of $32.60 price target, predicting a surge by 680.85% starting from the most recent close at its low. For now, AMRN shares are trading around -21.36% down when compared to its 52-week high price.
Observing the Relative Strength Index (RSI) for Amarin Corporation plc (AMRN) stock in the last 14 days, touched the value of 44.79, which implies that the stock entered a neutral zone. Whenever the RSI value is migrating between 40 and 80, going back and forth, the case is more likely indicating an uptrend for the given stock. However, in case the RSI value is going beyond 70, hardly holding ground and falling below the initial value, it is most likely the case that the stock is being overbought, making it prone to bear rends, however usually for short term trends. In the same fashion, we can conclude that if the RSI value is migrating between 20 and 60, the stock is going through a downtrend, while moving below 30 would indicate that the stocks are oversold and are set to turn bullish in the short run, at least.
Stock market analysts usually use trading volumes in order to predict the price trends in the market. Amarin Corporation plc shares currently stand at 3,363,990 in trading volumes, which is 56.98% up in oppose to the records in the past 3 months, which indicates an increased activity with near-term trading for AMRN stock. When observing volumes, analysts can spot major changes in trends as major moves in volumes can indicate significant changes. Momentum traders are usually the type of traders who are looking out for these kinds of signals, as major changes in volumes can mark an upcoming spike in the value.


These ladybug bookmarks are just another great group of our free printables that we have available at our site for you to make use of. We hope that you enjoy and get great use out of them!
Our full color bookmarks are available for you to easily save or and print on your inkjet printer. These bookmarks offer a diverse set of ladybug themes and are 2 x 7 inches in size so they are a little bit harder to lose that some of the smaller bookmarks. Not to mention that these ladybug bookmarks make a great give-a-way for friends and family.
These ladybug bookmarks are geared towards kids and anyone who wants to get creative with their bookmark. The idea here is simply a ladybug themed bookmark that is more like a coloring page where a child can color in their on bookmark for their book.
I recall being a child and having a teacher give me a bookmark and then from that having the desire to find a book to go with my bookmark. Give out our ladybug bookmarks to kids and perhaps they will want to find books to read or come learn about ladybugs at our site. There is lot to learn about them.
Tips on printing your ladybug bookmarks.
It is best to print these bookmarks on a thick paper, preferably cardstock. Cardstock can be purchased inexpensively just like regular printing paper at stores such as Target, Walmart, Michaels, office depot and even your local drug store may have card stock. If you are fortunate enough to own a laminator, laminate your bookmarks for extra durability. Stores such as office depot or other office supply stores also offer lamination services for very reasonable prices.
Lots of animated ladybug gifs for your website or set your desktop to active desktop and have ladybugs dancing on your wallpaper!
Free ladybug clipart for your creative projects and ladybug crafts. These clipart work great for web projects as well as printed project too!
A simple step-by-step craft that is very low cost for making a ladybug shirt for kids. We made our ladybug shirt for about two dollars!
Free Ladybug fonts for you to use on your creative projects. Each font comes in zip format and has licensing information from the original author if available.


Born 1969, in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; died April 30, 2004, in Australia; Education: University of South Australia, B. A. (graphic design), 1990.
Illustrator. ERA Publications, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, production staff member, 1990-2004.
Picture Book of the Year citation, 1995, for The Watertower, and Notable Book selections, 1995, for Peter and the Polar Bear, 1996, for The Lighthouse, and 1997, for Tagged, all from Australian Children's Book Council; IBBY Ena Noel Award, 1997, for body of work.
Budgie, Omnibus Books (Norwood, South Australia, Australia), 2001.
Janeen Brian and Gwen Pascoe, There Was a Big Fish, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1992.
Rodney Martin, Wise and Wacky Works by Anonymous, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1993.
Kath Lock and Francis Kelly, Kuan Yin, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1994.
Elizabeth Best, Peter and the Polar Bear, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1994.
Gary Crew, The Watertower, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1994.
Dyan Blacklock, The Lighthouse, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1995.
Gary Crew, Caleb, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1996.
Gary Crew, Tagged, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1997.
Gary Crew, The Cave, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 1999.
Paul Collins, Out of This World, Koala Books (Mascot, New South Wales, Australia), 1999.
Taz Razzle, Busybodies abc, ERA Publications (Adelaide, South Australia, Australia), 2000.
Christopher Cheng, One Child, Crocodile Books (New York, NY), 2000.
Isobelle Carmody, Dreamwalker, Thomas C. Lothian (Port Melbourne, Victoria, Australia), 2001.
Isobelle Carmody, Wildheart, Omnibus Books (Norwood, South Australia, Australia), 2002.
Gary Crew, Beneath the Surface!, Hodder Headline (Sydney, New South Wales, Australia), 2004.
Mark Svendsen, Kestrel, Lothian Books (South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia), 2005.
Australian illustrator Steven Woolman was an author and illustrator of several award-winning children's picture books. He worked in a wide range of media and was influenced largely by the old movies he watched as a child while growing up. Woolman died on April 30, 2004 at the age of thirty-four.
Woolman once told Something about the Author: "I've always been interested in the macabre and been attracted to tales of horror and the supernatural. My teen years were filled with images from horror and black and white B-grade science fiction movies, TV shows and comics, and this has had a lasting influence on my work and the way I visualize stories. Looking back, I think the attraction to horror was not so much the thrill of being scared, but more the visual style with which these stories were told. Films such as The Shining and Invasion of the Body Snatchers (even schlock-horror splatter movies like Evil Dead ) excited me through their use of closeups and strange angles, weird lighting, and cutaways. I find now when I begin illustrating manuscripts that my first step is to play out the action in my mind as though it were a movie, and the cinematic influence usually remains in the finished product. The Watertower was my first macabre book, and since it was aimed at an older audience I felt licensed to try a more sophisticated visual style and design. With its surreal photorealism, black borders, and wide-screen presentation, the book is very much a homage to those movies I watched in my teens. Caleb, the follow-up, also uses some of the same devices, with its unnatural viewpoints and manipulation of shadow and light.
"This is not to say all my work is horror-based and dark. I am after all a children's book illustrator and a large body of my work is humorous in nature and aimed at a younger age group. Books such as Peter and the Polar Bear and The Lighthouse are both complete diversions from my books for older readers, and I enjoyed the challenge of creating them just as much."
Horn Book, May-June, 1998, Kathleen T. Horning, review of The Watertower, p. 330.
Publishers Weekly, January 19, 1998, review of The Watertower, p. 378.
School Library Journal, August, 2000, Kathy Piehl, review of One Child, p. 146.
Steve Woolman Home Page, http://www.frontierisp.net/au/~woolman/ (July 6, 2005).
Horn Book, September-October, 2004, p. 621.


LOS ANGELES — "Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse" swung to the top of the domestic box office in its first weekend in theaters, proving that there is widespread audience interest in big screen animated versions of Marvel's marquee superheroes.
1."Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse," $35.4 million ($21 million international).
3."Dr. Seuss' The Grinch," $11.6 million ($23.3 million international).
4."Ralph Breaks the Internet," $9.6 million ($7.9 million international).
5."Mortal Engines," $7.5 million ($11.5 million international).
6."Creed II," $5.4 million ($2.3 million international).
7."Bohemian Rhapsody," $4.1 million ($20 million international).
8."Instant Family," $3.7 million ($738,000 international).
9."Fantastic Beasts: Crimes of Grindelwald," $3.7 million ($11.8 million international).


text:
Pheosia californica är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Strech. 1872. Pheosia californica ingår i släktet Pheosia och familjen tandspinnare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Tandspinnare
californica

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Rachael Dadd and support
*A 10% booking fee is included in the ticket price, as advertised. At check-out this fee will be shown separately for receipt purposes and to ensure the face value of your ticket is correct. Prices are subject to change. Prices may vary on the night of a show. Transactions fees may vary depending on event.
Living half her time as a traveling musician in Japan, witnessing how other people create things, connecting with other cultures and landscapes; all this is a furnace for Rachael Dadd`s innovative song writing. With a string of releases in the UK, EU and Japan including her highly acclaimed previous album 'We Resonate', contemporary folk multi- instrumentalist Rachael Dadd is making her 6th album. Its her first full band studio album and sees her collaborating with Jim Barr of Portishead, Marcus Hamblett (James Holden/ Laura Marling/ Bears Den), Emma Gatrill (Matthew and the Atlas, Sons of Noel and Adrian) and drummer Rob Pemberton (Low Chimes, Emily Barker).
The Glad Cafe
1006A Pollokshaws Road, Glasgow , G41 2HG


Decorating A Romantic Canopy Bed Ideas & Inspiration - A single of the biggest living space guidelines so that you can take into consideration before you decide to a single thing is definitely the theme. The actual concept rrs dependent upon different factors. Yourrrre able to pick a layout that hopefully will go along well with any themes with the other bedrooms of your home or simply a theme who will depend on a person's likes and dislikes plus likes. As an example, in case you share the bed room along with your partner, it is best to go for a style that is definitely amorous and even suitable for your partner. Or perhaps if you are enhancing your master bedroom, contemplate your kid's interests. Can your child love physical activities? Subsequently enhance his / her living space by using a sporting theme. Does your main daughter really like appearing? Then make your ex want to the Movie occasional actress just by adorning him / her space by using glitzy not to mention complicated ornaments in addition to furniture.


Our unique help desk plays a critical role in ensuring reliability, accessibility and stability of IT services rather than just logging and resolving end-user issues. Our Service Desk operations are delivered through a constant set of tools and processes that provide most competent and cost effective IT Services to our customers. Our IT Service Desk and integrated infrastructure support team acts as one unit, helping the users to a great extent and thus the controlling also becomes easier. We possess diverse experience in transitioning customers from different helpdesks to a centralized service desk.
If you are a new user in eCollab or eCollab eSupport then you have to first click on Register Button.
Now, fill the mandatory fields with your official Name, Email, Organization/Project Name, Password and Confirm Password for Registration. Then click on "Register".
Once Admin activated the user account the user is able to login in eCollob eSupport.
After the Admin activate the user Id, you get another mail from eceltic-support.comsupport@eceltic.ie with a eCeltic Application Support Team as Subject. Click on the given links to Login in eCollob eSupport.
Put your proper login credential in ecollob eSupport. Once successful login in ecollob eSupport you come to our user dashboard page.
Select "My Tickets" tab where you'll be able to see all the tickets (if any) posted by you and the ticket status.
Click on the "Add Ticket" tab. Here you can able to add the ticket for different project. After giving the proper data click on "Submit" button.
Please contact us for our detailed help desk & user support and find the difference.


This past week was full of cultural events. Finished a great book last Friday. Sunday saw Romeo and Juliet at a little outdoor amphitheater (not a fantastic performance, but I enjoyed it). Monday we caught Jason Bourne (pass) and Star Trek Beyond (fun!) at the drive-in. Thursday we saw The Claypool Lennon Delirium with opener JJUUJJUU.
JJUUJJUU was great. Kind of droney. Some RYCE friends should maybe check 'em out.
The show was at the Fremont – our big downtown theater. I love it. Sean commented that he felt like he was in a Coen brothers movie.


text:
Q: How can i make this program predict strings as well? This is the error i keep getting: could not convert string to float: 'female' Can anyone help me, please? I've been stuck on this question for a while now. I've been told this can't be done with regression, it has to be classification. Is that true? This is the code:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import sklearn
from sklearn import linear_model

data = pd.read_csv("InsuranceCostCalculator/Insurance.csv")
data = data[["age", "sex", "bmi", "children", "smoker", "region", "charges",]]

predict = ('charges')

X = np.array(data.drop([predict], 1)) #X is our training data
Y = np.array(data[predict])

x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = sklearn.model_selection.train_test_split(X, Y, test_size=0.1)

Linear = linear_model.LinearRegression()

Linear.fit(x_train, y_train)

prediction = Linear.predict(x_test)

for x in range(len(prediction)):
    print(prediction[x], x_test[x], y_test[x])

A: This error occured because before dataset fit into the model you have to encode features to float numbers.For female/male you can use label encoder or any other encoder. Simmilary every categorical data must encode before fit to the model.Search about encoders such as onehot encoder.
On the otherhand if the prediction task is a clasification task you can use linear clasifier rather than using linear regressor.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: lisp : how to remove a string from list of strings? I have a problem with removing strings from a list of string I use this
(remove "lol" '("lol" "lol2" "lol")

but it returns the same list. What's the problem here?

A: You're running into the problem of trying to determine equality. I believe remove uses eql as its default equality tester. Unfortunately, two strings are not eql unless they're actually the same object.
Try:
`(remove "lol" '("lol" "lol2" "lol") :test #'equal)

Alternatively, if you know you will be testing strings, you could pass string= as your test function.

A: You should close the ')'
So write : (remove "lol" '("lol" "lol2" "lol"))


Welcome to the Off Topic Forum!
The Legends Guild Grows Into Something More..
Im going to america baby!!!
Gameloft's Splinter Cell Multiplayer or No?
I confess... I have not being playing PL for a long time.
Pocket Legends 1.1 review from an australian source soon.
# Of Songs In Your Library?
Tornadoes in the Oklahoma sky.
Wave, more confusing than metaphysics!
Good, Free Games and Apps.
The legends clan will destroy you!!!!
WOOT don't got to scribble anymore !
Crossfit South Central Regionals "Fort Worth Texas"
Farewell, until we meet again friends.
Are devs working on other games aswell?
Anyone like the app "IMO"?
How can we record screen video on iPhone?
Abney Park - Steampunk Music!
Forum Signatures - you can now upload - details within!
Vote for best picture signature!
A good picture editor app for iPad for free?
A new era of corruption.
Most epic thing on the news.
Who was your first best friend in Pocket Legends?
Epic Question: Where is Waldo?
Forum Game: Make A Word!
Did you it's against the law to flee during a bull fight in Mexico?
I need a hug ¬!
It's my party and I'll spam if I want to.
Who is excited about iOS 4.0 on Monday (today)?
Post Your Fail/Facepalm pics here!
POLL: How many people play WOW?
Wanna hear something so unfair?
UFC fight Tomorrow!!!! Anyone a fan of UFC?
One Two ... WHOOP WHOOP !!
This One Made Me Think of Blackstar . . .
Banned thread ALL over again!
How to put a quote in your sig?
Love the pl community? Comment here!
How long are you banned?
Show off your Iphone, Ipod touch , Ipad!!!
Risk available at the app store. . .
FORUM VOTING: Alterra or Fnord?
Are you browsing the forums on a Mac via Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome?


In our daily live, we go to many place. sometimes we go to a new place and do not know how to get there. on this site we have some hawaii map pictures of location that you need I would love to share the hawaii map on squarectomy.com.
maps provide some information like street, building, park, river, lake, historical place and many more. Maps present information about the world in a simple, visual way. They teach about the world by showing sizes and shapes of country, locations of features and distances between placesThey help you figure out where you are and where you want to go.
This hawaii map is being combined with 9 interesting illustrate. We hope this hawaii map will help you on your journey. On this site, we provide some maps for you.


The Engadget 2012 Awards they are already history. After a hard work, all culminating in a big party in which we loved to meet some of our readers and enjoy some gadgets almost in exclusive. But do not forget us of all those who, for the reason that is, could not attend. For all of you, here we offer a summary of videos and the most relevant information.
The sponsor of the Engadget awards of this year was, once again, Vodafone, which installed inside an area dedicated to the Community Engadget. There users could enjoy different activities and, at the end of the night, the most active were very interesting prizes.
Sony brought to the Engadget awards a wide range of products: portable Vaio, cameras and their new "Vaio Tap": our site. On the other hand, mobile phones were the protagonists, with the Sony Xperia T hogging all the looks. And there was also a prize: a xatakero was a Sony Xperia Go. We cannot complain.
Nokia assumed Terminal in 2012 Engadget awards. Among the wide variety of devices that led the Finnish company, and much the expected Nokia Lumia 820 and Nokia Lumia 920, which triumphed over Community Engadget. Even were encouraged with a drawing of a 800 Lumia and Lumia 610.
In the booth that offered Samsung during the awards, one of the gadgets that caught the attention to the present there was the "Samsung Galaxy Camera": our site. A lucky, even could take it home and enjoy it for him only. As it could not be otherwise, the party not missed or the Samsung Galaxy Note II or the Samsung Galaxy SIII, as we already told you was one of the big winners of the night.
Finally, we can not dismiss this review to what you gave if Engadget 2012 awards without acknowledging those who have made possible that each year we celebrate this event: you, the readers. For all of you, thank you for being there and this little video homage which we hope you like it.
AI QUE LOUCURA!!! GRAMMY E BAFTA NO MESMO DIA.


text:
Q: Salting and hashing passwords in MySQL I'm looking for a way to store and validate mysql passwords with a salt.  I do not have access to PHP or any other encryption software.  I'm aware of the PASSWORD() function, but that does not allow for a salt.
Is there another option?

A: I assume since you're talking about salts, that you really mean hashing, which is a form of one-way cryptography, not encyprtion. A hash guarantees that a given input value always yields the same output value. With a secure hashing algorithm, there is no better way to derive the original clear text outside of trying every clear text value in the hash function.
While SHA1 may be adequate to secure the passwords for many systems, there are definitely better hashing algorithms out there. Yet, SHA1 is available in MySQL.
While the SHA1() MySQL function does not accept a separate salt parameter, you can still salt your passwords. In fact, most hash functions that I'm aware of don't have a separate salt parameter.
To salt a clear text value, simply concatenate a random string to the beginning of the clear text value. Unfortunately, MySQL doesn't have a straightforward way to generate a random string, but this will get you close.
To generate a 6 character (hex value only) random string:
SELECT SUBSTRING(SHA1(RAND()), 1, 6) AS salt

The important thing, of course, is that you must always save the salt. You'll need it again.
Once you've saved the salt, simply hash the password like so:
SELECT SHA1(CONCAT(salt, 'password')) AS hash_value

It is common to store the salt and hashed password in the same column by prefixing the hash value with the salt.
To verify the entered password, simply repeat the process. Prefix the clear text password with the stored salt, hash the concatenated string, and then compare the resulting hash value against the stored password hash.
Each record should have a different random salt.

A: Here are two great links:
http://www.aspheute.com/english/20040105.asp
http://alias.io/2010/01/store-passwords-safely-with-php-and-mysql/
First off, you don't want to "encrypt" your passwords. Encrypting implies that they could be de-crypted which... is not a good thing. You want to hash them so that they are 1-way tickets (e.g. SHA512()).
NOTE: MD5 should never be used for secure password hashing. It is easily cracked.
Here is salt simplified/explained as I see it: Salt adds random values to the password hash. Salt is unique to EACH password. (The salt for each password needs to be stored alongside the password). With unique salt for each password, dictionary attacks (password cracking technique) basically have no chance.
So just add salt to your passwords with something such as:
$salt = strtr(base64_encode(mcrypt_create_iv(16, MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM)), '+', '.');

And store it alongside the password, or as a cookie, or both.
Hope that helps.

A: Unfortunately it is not possible to store the password safely with only SQL commands.
Since you should add a random salt to the hashing scheme, you cannot verify the password if the user tries to login. You would have to read the salt of every row in the user table and calculate the hash for comparing.
A safe hash function can be tuned to need a certain amount of time (e.g. 10ms), BCrypt for example has a cost factor. If you have to check every row and every calculation needs some time, you will run into problems if your user table grows.
These are the reasons, why passwords should not be hashed by the database itself. First you have to find the hash and its salt by the given username, afterwards you can verify the password for this single row.


text:
Admiral Harvey may refer to:

Edward Harvey (1783–1865), British Royal Navy admiral
Eliab Harvey (1758–1830), British Royal Navy admiral
Henry Harvey (1743–1810), British Royal Navy admiral
John C. Harvey Jr. (born 1951), U.S. Navy admiral
John Harvey (Royal Navy officer, born 1772) (1772–1837), British Royal Navy admiral
Thomas Harvey (Royal Navy officer) (1775–1841), British Royal Navy vice admiral


text:
Changi Airport 2015 Year in Review
Image • Jan 27, 2016 10:00 +08
cotxrppj.cgsomsxmska@cfhhaoknglliaqbirjcpoeyrtsm.cceomwb
A record 55 million passengers for Changi Airport in 2015
Press releases • Jan 27, 2016 10:00 +08
Singapore Changi Airport capped a resilient performance in 2015 with new benchmarks for passenger traffic and aircraft movements, handling a record 55.4 million passengers and 346,330 landings and take-offs during the year. This represented an increase of 2.5% and 1.4% respectively. On the cargo front, airfreight movements remained stable at 1.85 million tonnes for the year.


text:
require 'cgi'

module Octokit
  class Client

    # Methods for the Issue Labels API
    #
    # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/
    module Labels

      # List available labels for a repository
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @return [Array<Sawyer::Resource>] A list of the labels across the repository
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#list-all-labels-for-this-repository
      # @example List labels for octokit/octokit.rb
      #   Octokit.labels("octokit/octokit.rb")
      def labels(repo, options = {})
        paginate "#{Repository.path repo}/labels", options
      end

      # Get single label for a repository
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @param name [String] Name of the label
      # @return [Sawyer::Resource] A single label from the repository
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#get-a-single-label
      # @example Get the "V3 Addition" label from octokit/octokit.rb
      #   Octokit.labels("octokit/octokit.rb", "V3 Addition")
      def label(repo, name, options = {})
        get "#{Repository.path repo}/labels/#{name}", options
      end

      # Add a label to a repository
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @param label [String] A new label
      # @param color [String] A color, in hex, without the leading #
      # @return [Sawyer::Resource] The new label
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#create-a-label
      # @example Add a new label "Version 1.0" with color "#cccccc"
      #   Octokit.add_label("octokit/octokit.rb", "Version 1.0", "cccccc")
      def add_label(repo, label, color="ffffff", options = {})
        post "#{Repository.path repo}/labels", options.merge({:name => label, :color => color})
      end

      # Update a label
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @param label [String] The name of the label which will be updated
      # @param options [Hash] A customizable set of options.
      # @option options [String] :name An updated label name
      # @option options [String] :color An updated color value, in hex, without leading #
      # @return [Sawyer::Resource] The updated label
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#update-a-label
      # @example Update the label "Version 1.0" with new color "#cceeaa"
      #   Octokit.update_label("octokit/octokit.rb", "Version 1.0", {:color => "cceeaa"})
      def update_label(repo, label, options = {})
        patch "#{Repository.path repo}/labels/#{label}", options
      end

      # Delete a label from a repository.
      #
      # This deletes the label from the repository, and removes it from all issues.
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @param label [String] String name of the label
      # @return [Boolean] Success
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#delete-a-label
      # @example Delete the label "Version 1.0" from the repository.
      #   Octokit.delete_label!("octokit/octokit.rb", "Version 1.0")
      def delete_label!(repo, label, options = {})
        boolean_from_response :delete, "#{Repository.path repo}/labels/#{label}", options
      end

      # Remove a label from an Issue
      #
      # This removes the label from the Issue
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @param number [Integer] Number ID of the issue
      # @param label [String] String name of the label
      # @return [Array<Sawyer::Resource>] A list of the labels currently on the issue
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#remove-a-label-from-an-issue
      # @example Remove the label "Version 1.0" from the repository.
      #   Octokit.remove_label("octokit/octokit.rb", 23, "Version 1.0")
      def remove_label(repo, number, label, options = {})
        delete "#{Repository.path repo}/issues/#{number}/labels/#{label}", options
      end

      # Remove all label from an Issue
      #
      # This removes the label from the Issue
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @param number [Integer] Number ID of the issue
      # @return [Boolean] Success of operation
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#remove-all-labels-from-an-issue
      # @example Remove all labels from Issue #23
      #   Octokit.remove_all_labels("octokit/octokit.rb", 23)
      def remove_all_labels(repo, number, options = {})
        boolean_from_response :delete, "#{Repository.path repo}/issues/#{number}/labels", options
      end

      # List labels for a given issue
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @param number [Integer] Number ID of the issue
      # @return [Array<Sawyer::Resource>] A list of the labels currently on the issue
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#list-labels-on-an-issue
      # @example List labels for octokit/octokit.rb, issue # 1
      #   Octokit.labels_for_issue("octokit/octokit.rb", 1)
      def labels_for_issue(repo, number, options = {})
        paginate "#{Repository.path repo}/issues/#{number}/labels", options
      end

      # Add label(s) to an Issue
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A Github repository
      # @param number [Integer] Number ID of the issue
      # @param labels [Array] An array of labels to apply to this Issue
      # @return [Array<Sawyer::Resource>] A list of the labels currently on the issue
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#add-labels-to-an-issue
      # @example Add two labels for octokit/octokit.rb
      #   Octokit.add_labels_to_an_issue("octokit/octokit.rb", 10, ['V3 Transition', 'Improvement'])
      def add_labels_to_an_issue(repo, number, labels)
        post "#{Repository.path repo}/issues/#{number}/labels", labels
      end

      # Replace all labels on an Issue
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A Github repository
      # @param number [Integer] Number ID of the issue
      # @param labels [Array] An array of labels to use as replacement
      # @return [Array<Sawyer::Resource>] A list of the labels currently on the issue
      # @see https://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#replace-all-labels-for-an-issue
      # @example Replace labels for octokit/octokit.rb Issue #10
      #   Octokit.replace_all_labels("octokit/octokit.rb", 10, ['V3 Transition', 'Improvement'])
      def replace_all_labels(repo, number, labels, options = {})
        put "#{Repository.path repo}/issues/#{number}/labels", labels
      end

      # Get labels for every issue in a milestone
      #
      # @param repo [Integer, String, Repository, Hash] A GitHub repository
      # @param number [Integer] Number ID of the milestone
      # @return [Array<Sawyer::Resource>] A list of the labels across the milestone
      # @see  http://developer.github.com/v3/issues/labels/#get-labels-for-every-issue-in-a-milestone
      # @example List all labels for milestone #2 on octokit/octokit.rb
      #   Octokit.labels_for_milestone("octokit/octokit.rb", 2)
      def labels_for_milestone(repo, number, options = {})
        paginate "#{Repository.path repo}/milestones/#{number}/labels", options
      end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


These functions may be used to obtain explanations for errors returned by the chown(2) system call.
The explain_chown function is used to obtain an explanation of an error returned by the chown(2) system call. The least the message will contain is the value of strerror(errno), but usually it will do much better, and indicate the underlying cause in more detail.
The original pathname, exactly as passed to the chown(2) system call.
The original owner, exactly as passed to the chown(2) system call.
The original group, exactly as passed to the chown(2) system call.
The explain_errno_chown function is used to obtain an explanation of an error returned by the chown(2) system call. The least the message will contain is the value of strerror(errnum), but usually it will do much better, and indicate the underlying cause in more detail.
The explain_message_chown function may be used to obtain an explanation of an error returned by the chown(2) system call. The least the message will contain is the value of strerror(errno), but usually it will do much better, and indicate the underlying cause in more detail.
The explain_message_errno_chown function may be used to obtain an explanation of an error returned by the chown(2) system call. The least the message will contain is the value of strerror(errnum), but usually it will do much better, and indicate the underlying cause in more detail.


text:
The Trucker: TMAF promotes trucking
September 14, 2021 /in News /by Editorial Staff
Trucking Moves America Forward (TMAF) is celebrating seven years of promoting the trucking industry and providing support and resources for people and organizations at all levels.
Read more. (Pages 4-5)
https://truckingmovesamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/logo_color_300x100.png 0 0 Editorial Staff https://truckingmovesamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/logo_color_300x100.png Editorial Staff2021-09-14 09:00:192021-09-20 17:13:29The Trucker: TMAF promotes trucking
Fleet Owner: Texas Trucking Association Foundation pledges $10,000 a year to TMAF
Texas Trucking Association Foundation (TXTA) is continuing its support of Trucking Moves America Forward (TMAF) and has pledged $10,000 each year over the next three years to support TMAF's mission of promoting the economic contributions of the trucking industry. Read more.
https://truckingmovesamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/logo_color_300x100.png 0 0 Editorial Staff https://truckingmovesamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/logo_color_300x100.png Editorial Staff2021-09-10 14:37:512021-09-10 14:37:51Fleet Owner: Texas Trucking Association Foundation pledges $10,000 a year to TMAF
Trucking Moves America Forward (TMAF) Announces Continued Financial Support from Texas Trucking Association Foundation
TXTA Pledges $10,000 a year to Support TMAF's Mission to Promote the Positive Image of Trucking
Washington, D.C. – September 8, 2021 – Trucking Moves America Forward (TMAF), the industry wide education and image movement, announced today the continued financial support of the Texas Trucking Association Foundation (TXTA), one of the largest trucking associations in the country. TXTA has pledged $10,000 each year over the next three years to support TMAF's mission of promoting the economic contributions of the trucking industry.
Elisabeth Barna, TMAF Executive Committee Member, Executive Vice President of Industry Affairs and Senior Advisor to the President and CEO, American Trucking Associations (ATA) said, "The Texas Trucking Association has been a steadfast ally of TMAF since our industry movement's inception seven years ago. We are grateful for their generous donation and their continued partnership with TMAF to educate the motoring public on the important role that the industry has in the country's economy. With the support of donors like TXTA, we are able to broaden our reach and continue to shift the public's perception of trucking in the right direction."
TXTA has partnered with TMAF on many educational activities over the years to help demonstrate the good works of trucking and the stories of the dedicated drivers and workforce that support the industry. Some of those activities include showcasing professional drivers from Texas through the placement of billboards on Texas roads and highways each year since 2016. In partnership with TXTA, TMAF tells the story of several industry professionals in Texas through the "Women of Trucking" series that shines a light on the various career paths for women in the industry. Additionally, TXTA's charitable contributions are a key part of TMAF's public relations and marketing efforts.
John D. Esparza, President and CEO, TXTA said, "One of the core goals of TXTA Foundation is to contribute to educational programs that enhance the understanding and image of the trucking industry—and no group does this better than TMAF. They have assembled an impressive group of leaders and educators and this campaign is absolutely essential to the successful future of the trucking industry. TXTA Foundation applauds TMAF for the meaningful contributions they've made to trucking. We are proud to be a supporter."
In December 2014, the Texas Trucking Association Foundation and TMAF announced that TXTA committed a $50,000 financial contribution to support TMAF's growth over five years. The TXTA has provided support each subsequent year. The donation followed TMAF's official launch at the Mid-America Trucking Show in March 2014.
To learn more about TMAF and the movement's work, visit http://www.truckingmovesamerica.com/.
About Trucking Moves America Forward
Trucking Moves America Forward aims to establish a long-term industry-wide movement to create a positive image for the industry, to ensure that policymakers and the public understand the importance of the trucking industry to the nation's economy, and to build the political and grassroots support necessary to strengthen and grow the industry in the future. To learn more, visit http://www.truckingmovesamerica.com/. Also join and follow TMAF through social media, on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn and Medium.
About TXTA Foundation
TXTA Foundation was established in 1978 to fund education and research projects for the Texas trucking industry. The Foundation is a non-profit educational, public relations, research and community service organization governed by a Board of Trustees. The mission of this all volunteer organization is to work with TXTA member companies to fund educational and community service programs to enhance the understanding of and image of the Texas trucking industry, with the ultimate goal of positioning trucking as the most vital and necessary industry in Texas. To learn more, visit www.texastrucking.com/txta-foundation/.
https://truckingmovesamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/logo_color_300x100.png 0 0 Editorial Staff https://truckingmovesamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/logo_color_300x100.png Editorial Staff2021-09-08 09:00:552021-09-07 09:32:22Trucking Moves America Forward (TMAF) Announces Continued Financial Support from Texas Trucking Association Foundation


Dont let anyone drink a warm beverage at your next summer party, picnic, or team event. This bright red, Island Breeze 3-piece Igloo cooler combo set has a perfect sized piece for any event. The set includes a 48-quart cooler that holds up to 76 cans, a 4-quart Playmate personal cooler and a 1-quart beverage jug. The large cooler has swing-up handles for easy transport and a stain and odor resistant liner, The Playmate can be used as a lunch cooler, and the beverage jug has a flip-spout for easy sipping and pouring and an adjustable shoulder strap for hands-free carrying. Each cooler features Ultratherm insulation that keep contents ultra-cold. Functionality and versatility all at a great price.


text:
See reports and submissions
Develop a special program
Vision and mandate
Human rights in B.C.
Decolonization
Feature: COVID-19
Feature: Disaggregated data
Human Rights /
Simply by existing in the world, you are entitled to certain basic rights: your human rights. Everyone is born with the right to a life of equality, dignity and respect, free from discrimination. These rights are protected in law but not always realized. Our job at BCOHRC is to work on making all human rights a reality for all of British Columbia.
Human rights universal rights based on simply being human (for example, the right to equality)
Civil liberties rights and freedoms of individuals that protect them against the actions of the state or country (for example, freedom of association)
B.C. Human Rights Code provincial legislation that identifies, prohibits and remedies discriminatory treatment. The discrimination is limited to areas such as employment, the provision of services and tenancy
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms the part of the Canadian constitution that outlines the rights of all people in Canada
International Human Rights Treaties agreements among countries that define and uphold universal human rights
Human rights is fundamentally about human dignity. At the heart of human rights is equality."
Commissioner Kasari Govender
Please note we are not a legal clinic. We do not offer legal advice or provide representation.
To the Indigenous peoples of this place we now call British Columbia:
Today we turn our minds to you and to your ancestors.
You have kept your unceded homelands strong. We are grateful to live and work here.
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Omni Barton Creek Resort and Spa is hosting a SECOND JOB FAIR (Sunday, March 24 - Tuesday, March 26) to recruit up to 200+ associates in preparation of the grand reopening in May after an $150 million expansion and renovation.
Interviews will be conducted by Omni's human resources representatives and department managers for entry-level, supervisor and management-level positions. These include restaurant cooks and servers; front-desk positions; housekeeping and laundry positions; golf, fitness and spa positions; valet; and accounting, human resources and engineering professionals.
Sunday, March 24 from 11 a.m. – 6 p.m.
Monday, March 25 from 8 a.m. – 7 p.m.
Tuesday, March 26 from 7 a.m. – 7 p.m.
Fridays: 9 a.m. - 6 p.m.


This outstanding T-shirt allows you to show your pride for the United States Navy SEALs. By wearing it you tell the world that you are proud of the many sacrifices made by the SEALs.
T-shirt features the SEALs insignia on the backside in brilliant silver/blue with "The Answer" underneath. The front features a smaller motif on the left chest. Shirt is made of high quality 100% cotton.


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THE PRINCESS DIARIST (audiobook) by Carrie Fisher
A Review of the Audiobook
Published in November of 2016 by Penguin Audio
Read by Carrie Fisher and Billie Lourd
Duration: 5 hours, 10 minutes
Published just a few weeks before her death, Carrie Fisher's The Princess Diarist continues in her well-known tradition of tell-all books. This is my first Carrie Fisher book. If you have not read a book of hers before, be prepared for a frank and open discussion of just about anything that pops into her head. Every family has that older relative who means well but makes comments in front of the children that you just know will necessitate a subsequent discussion ("Why did Uncle Bob say...?). Carrie Fisher served that role in the world of Hollywood for many years.
The first half of the book is mostly devoted to the making of the original Star Wars movie, now known as Episode IV. There were a lot of factoids I had already heard or read before, but it was enjoyable listening to Carrie Fisher literally tell them again as she read her audiobook. She is frank about her family's struggles as she grew up and as I listened I was amazed.
A large part of the book is devoted to her on-set romance with the then-married Harrison Ford. She is kind to him and puts a lot of blame on herself being "the other woman" when her own childhood home was torn apart by a similar "other woman" scenario.
She describes how this was her first real physical relationship and she took it much more seriously than Ford. Then, for reasons that I do not understand, she re-tells this story with an extensive series of poetry readings from her diaries that she wrote while onset 40 years ago. The poems aren't bad and you can easily follow along with her allusions because she had already so clearly described the relationship in prose just a few minutes earlier. But, I quickly lost interest in the poems because I had just listened to Fisher herself explain everything without all of the rhymes. In the audiobook version these poems are read by Fisher's daughter Billie Lourd.
The last section of the book is the most touching, especially considering Fisher's recent death. It is a tribute to all of the fans that come to see her at all of the conventions. She discusses how she really didn't want to do the conventions at first and then she moves on to talk about the fans. It starts out as commentary about some of the rather unique people you meet at conventions and moves on to becomes a long tribute to the importance of this film series to its fans. It is sad, warm and often very funny with lots of great accents. It is Carrie Fisher at her very best.
I rate this audiobook 4 stars out of 5.
This audiobook can be found on Amazon.com here: The Princess Diarist.
Posted by DWD at 10:31 PM
Labels: 4 stars, audiobook, california, George Lucas, Star Wars
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WHITE FRAGILITY: WHY IT'S SO HARD for WHITE PEOPLE to TALK ABOUT RACISM (audiobook) by Robin DiAngelo
Published in 2018 by Beacon Press. Read by Amy Landon. Duration: 6 hours, 21 minutes. Unabridged. Robin DiAngelo is a diversity train...
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Because of my tournament success in catching walleyes using jigging spoons, I can rarely do a fishing seminar anymore without folks asking me to explain how to properly fish with a spoon. Although the presentation may seem simple to the untrained eye, there is certainly a "right" way and definitely a "wrong" way to fish a jigging spoon.
First of all, spoon color, style, weight and design can make a really big difference, so choosing the right spoon for the body of water you are fishing is very important. I always want to try to match the forage that walleyes are feeding on and here's where color and size really matters.
For example, we know that most walleyes weighing five pounds and under, prefer to eat 1-2 inch forage. So if that is the size fish you are targeting, staying with a spoon with that size profile is very important. However, if you are fishing the Great Lakes or other bodies of water with larger forage, then bumping the spoon size up will put more fish in the boat.
I've fished spoons for a lot of years and I've tried and tested most of what is out there in the angling marketplace. When fish are "hot" it seems they will hit most spoon designs if the overall length and profile comes close to what they are eating. As we all know, however, walleyes can get pretty finicky at times and that's when it becomes critical to have the right spoon.
My "go-to" spoon most of the time is the Hopkins Shorty® in the hammered silver or gold weighing a quarter or half-ounce. I use silver in clear water and gold in dark or stained water to match the color of the forage fish. If small crappies or perch are the preferred forage, I will use a spoon with green tape on it, otherwise I prefer bare spoon.
If the forage is longer than an inch or two, I will fish the NO=EQL® in those same two colors. I also like to fish the NO=EQL® when pitching in weed pockets as they do not get hung up as often as the Shorty®.
If the forage is smelt, alewives, cisco or chubs, or if I'm fishing trophy walleyes, I will increase the size of the spoon to match. Of course I must then make some changes in tackle which I'll explain later.
Whether I'm casting and retrieving or vertical jigging with spoons, I always use 10 or 12 pound-test monofilament and prefer the lines that are on stiff side. I never use powerbraids with spoons, simply because it changes the presentation and I get way fewer strikes with braids compared to mono.
I always attach a crankbait snap to the line instead of tying directly. This allows the spoon to flutter and dive like an injured minnow and also allows me to make quick changes in size or color if I want.
Medium to medium-heavy rods no shorter than six and a half feet and a spinning reel are my preferences when fishing the lighter spoons. When I go with the larger, heavier spoons, I switch to a baitcasting combo and sometimes bump my line test up to 14 pounds.
My favorite presentation is casting spoons along sharp-breaking shorelines or sand cuts as well as weed edges. I position the boat at an angle toward the edge and work the spoon from shallow to deep, popping the rod tip and then allowing the spoon to fall all the way to the bottom before repeating the process until the spoon is all of the way back to boat.
Sometimes walleye will follow the spoon to the boat, so I always vertical jig it a few times just in case. I've caught a surprising number of fish right at the boat doing this. I also like to allow the spoon to sit on the bottom for a few seconds before snapping the rod tip, as walleyes often grab the spoon while it is lying still.
I will also vertical jig with a spoon, especially when fish are in deep water on a hump or along a sharp break. Again, I will pop the spoon off of the bottom about two feet and allow it to flutter back to the bottom, allowing it to sit for a few seconds before repeating the presentation.
Vertical jigging is best if you can drift an edge or work it with your trolling motor.
Northern pike love jigging spoons and are a real bother when fishing this presentation for walleyes. If I'm plagued with pike, I will attach the spoon to a very thin wire leader to prevent bite-offs. Although I prefer not to do this as it does change the action of the spoon, a little due to the swivel on the leader, it's better than having a dozen or more spoons end up in the stomachs of hungry northerns.
Line twist can be a problem when vertical jigging. If that happens, a barrel swivel attached a foot or so above the spoon will alleviate the problem. That said, I still prefer not to add the swivel as once again, it takes away some of the natural flutter of the spoon.
Instead, every few minutes or so, I will suspend the spoon above the bottom and let it unwind itself, or make a few long casts with it to unravel any line twist.
Sometimes walleyes can be found in wood or stumps in deep water. If you want to fish this type of structure or thick weeds, try replacing the treble hook with a single hook. You will get snagged less often and if you use a wire hook, you should be able to pull out of most of the stumps.
Tipping the spoon with live bait might be a good idea when ice-fishing (in fact, I recommend it) but it is a terrible idea when fishing open water. Here's why: any live bait, piece of plastic or any other dressing will cause the spoon to "parachute" and that is not a natural presentation. The whole idea of the spoon is to make it look as natural as possible and you are already doing that with your presentation. The design of the Hopkins spoon is doing the rest for you.
Adding live bait will not improve your presentation. In fact, the opposite is true and you will catch less fish, if you catch any at all!
When fished properly, walleyes see that spoon as an injured baitfish and will readily grab it. When minnows are dying, they flutter to bottom and lay on their sides, just like the spoon. It is a very natural presentation to the fish. Also, placing a stick-on "eye" above the hook will encourage them to grab the spoon at the hook instead of the front.
Spoons also kick up dirt and dust off the bottom, attracting predator fish.
I have fished spoons in lakes all across North America and caught walleyes, smallmouth, spotted and largemouth bass as well as panfish in just about every one of those lakes. I've caught them in 3 feet of water and 75 feet of water and every depth in between.
Thanks to Hopkins jigging spoons, I have won tens of thousands of dollars in tournament competitions and have had them work on days when nothing else is going on. I find them especially deadly from post-spawn to freeze-up in the North and all winter long in the South.
Sometimes jigging spoons are the only way to go during cold fronts and extremely clear water conditions.
If you have any other questions about jigging spoons, e-mail me at [email protected] or attend one of my upcoming seminars nearest you.


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