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By John Butler Economics 17 February 14
2014: A year of investing dangerously
For those rich in assets, 2013 was a good year. Equity markets, especially in the US, rose substantially. Property markets continued their recovery. Even bonds, which lose value when interest rates rise, did well overall due to spread compression and the generous 'roll-yield' associated with steep yield curves. Indeed, declining risk premia and the associated fall in implied volatilities across all major asset classes was the single biggest financial market story of 2013. Why did this occur? Is it sustainable? In this report, I explain why it is not, and how, unseen by the economic mainstream, severe damage is being done to the global economy, in various ways, with the financial market consequences highly likely to be felt in 2014, and in the years to come.
THE PERILS OF FINANCIAL MARKET MANIPULATION IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
Other than a handful of economic officials and ivory-tower academics, few would argue that asset prices are where they are today independent of the unprecedented monetary and fiscal stimulus of recent years. Indeed, many economic officials openly admit that their actions have influenced financial market variables and that this is an important policy goal. Academic economists provide much theoretical although highly questionable support for this view.
Naturally, however, if asset prices are artificially supported by policy, then financial market participants will no doubt be concerned as to what happens when such policy is withdrawn. This is the single, best explanation for the recent, sharp correction in risky asset valuations around the world.
Economic officials, spooked by market developments, are thus now at pains to reassure all that they will only withdraw stimulus in a way that does not destabilise markets. While that sounds nice on paper, there is scant evidence that it can work in practice. Indeed, the entire modern history of economic officials managing financial market expectations has been an abject failure of economic boom and bust. In order to understand why, we need to revisit this history, beginning with the original 'Maestro' conductor of the financial orchestra…
BACK TO WHENCE IT ALL BEGAN: THE MAESTRO OF 'FORWARD (MIS)GUIDANCE'
Alan Greenspan was at the height of his fame in 2003. Having already been the subject of a best-selling book, MAESTRO, by veteran Washington Post journalist (and Watergate sleuth) Bob Woodard, Mr Greenspan became 'Sir' Alan in 2002, receiving an honourary Knighthood from Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth II. But it was in 2003 that Sir Alan claimed his special place in the annals of modern monetary history by introducing what is known today as 'forward guidance': explicit attempts to influence asset prices and, thereby, manage the economy to an even greater degree than that allowed by setting the level of interest rates, of bank reserve and other lending requirements, and through banking and financial regulation more generally. Announced to the world on 12 August 2003, for the first time in its history, the Fed included forward guidance (in bold) at the end of its policy statement:
The Federal Open Market Committee decided today to keep its target for the federal funds rate at 1 percent.
The Committee continues to believe that an accommodative stance of monetary policy, coupled with still-robust underlying growth in productivity, is providing important ongoing support to economic activity. The evidence accumulated over the intermeeting period shows that spending is firming, although labor market indicators are mixed. Business pricing power and increases in core consumer prices remain muted.
The Committee perceives that the upside and downside risks to the attainment of sustainable growth for the next few quarters are roughly equal. In contrast, the probability, though minor, of an unwelcome fall in inflation exceeds that of a rise in inflation from its already low level. The Committee judges that, on balance, the risk of inflation becoming undesirably low is likely to be the predominant concern for the foreseeable future. In these circumstances, the Committee believes that policy accommodation can be maintained for a considerable period.[1]
The minutes of this FOMC meeting were published just over a month later, on 18 September. The decision to include the statement was described thus:
The Committee also decided to include a reference in the announcement to its judgment that under anticipated circumstances policy accommodation could be maintained for a considerable period.
The minutes then documented the discussion which followed:
Several members commented that the nature of the Committee's communications had evolved substantially over recent meetings and that it might be useful to schedule a separate session to review current practices. They agreed to do so prior to the next scheduled meeting on September 16.
Now, turning to that September meeting, we read in the minutes released later that year that:
The members also reviewed the further use of the reference concerning the maintenance of an accommodative policy stance "for a considerable period" that was included in the press statement issued for the August meeting. Given the uncertainties that characteristically surround the economic outlook and the need for an appropriate policy response to changing economic conditions, the members generally agreed that the Committee should not usually commit itself to a particular policy stance over some pre-established, extended time frame. The course of policy would be determined by the evaluation of the outlook, not the passage of time. The unusual configuration of already low interest rates and reservations about the strength of the expansion had justified the inclusion of the phrase "for a considerable period" in the statement issued in August. While changing circumstances would call for removal of that reference at some point, doing so at this meeting might suggest the members' views on the economy had changed markedly. Accordingly, the Committee decided to release a statement after this meeting that was virtually identical to that used after the August meeting apart from some minor updating to reflect ongoing economic developments. (Emphasis added.)
In 2004, the Fed expanded on this precedent as it began to prepare financial markets for higher interest rates from the, at the time, unprecedented low of 1%.
January (rates unchanged):
…the Committee believes that it can be patient in removing its policy accommodation.
May (rates unchanged):
…the Committee believes that policy accommodation can be removed at a pace that is likely to be measured.
June (rates raised by 0.25%):
…the Committee believes that policy accommodation can be removed at a pace that is likely to be measured. Nonetheless, the Committee will respond to changes in economic prospects as needed to fulfill its obligation to maintain price stability.
This last forward guidance was then left in place as the Fed raised rates in steady 0.25% increments through the remainder of 2004 and into late 2005. Finally, in December that year, having raised interest rates in a long series of 0.25% baby steps to over 4%‑a level that could be considered in a normal range—the Fed changed the forward guidance yet again and concluded its policy statement thus:
The Committee judges that some further measured policy firming is likely to be needed to keep the risks to the attainment of both sustainable economic growth and price stability roughly in balance. In any event, the Committee will respond to changes in economic prospects as needed to foster these objectives.
In other words, the Fed indicated three things: First, that additional rate rises were probably on the way. Second, that these rises would not exceed 0.25% each. Third, that the FOMC believed that it was now approaching the end of the rate hiking cycle.
So, when looking back on this period as monetary historians, what are we to conclude about the effectiveness of this forward guidance? Did it work?
Well, as we know, 2003-05 were the years in which the US housing market went from strength to steroids. Borrowing costs remained low, especially for long maturities, something that Sir Alan once described as a 'conundrum'. With the Fed pointing out with forward guidance that rates would rise slowly, in predictable fashion, leveraged mortgages and home equity extraction were all the rage. And with house prices rising so steadily, lending standards were relaxed. Subprime lending exploded. Light-doc or even no-doc mortgages were easy to come by. Interest-only mortgages and the substantial leverage they offered were also increasingly common. Entirely new segments of the population (eg, those without steady jobs or income) were taking out mortagages for which they never would have qualified in normal circumstances. The bubble, as it were, was being blown to colossal proportions.
If the goal of Fed policy was to create a housing and credit bubble, then yes, forward guidance was a huge success. If the goal was to nuture the US economy back towards a path of balanced, sustainable economic growth, it was an abject failure. We learned this the hard way, as we know, in 2008.
2013: THE BIGGEST BUBBLE YET?
Subsequent to the financial fireworks of 2008, central banks around the world have made extensive use of forward guidance in order to influence a broad range of asset prices. What was once regarded as highly unusual has become the apparently necessary norm. Sir Alan set the precedent that time commitments could and, in unusual circumstances, should be used to try and influence interest rates. Now we are living through an aggressive, global campaign to micromanage not only interest rates but financial markets generally.
Following round after round of QE and other forms of generally unprecendented (and, in some cases, probably illegal) monetary and fiscal stimulus in the US and around the world, risky asset markets entered 2013 with substantial positive momentum. Many ascribe this in part to the aggressive reflationary policies—colloquially known as 'Abenomics'–adopted by Japan following the 2012 election of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. Others ascribe it to the ECB's 2012 commitment to do 'whatever it takes' to keep the euro-area financial system liquid and intact. What no one can ascribe it to, however, is anything fundamental to the long-term profit outlook for non-financial corporations—the lifeblood of a developed economy. On every important measure, non-financial corporations have seen a deterioration in their long-term profit outlook since 2012:
Headline revenue growth has been stagnant and below expectations;
Profit margins have shrunk;
Inventories have built up;
Fixed investment has been weak.
There has, however, been a modest improvement in their collective financial condition:
Liquidity ratios have improved;
Balance sheet leverage has declined (if only rather modestly);
Interest costs are low.
These financial factors, however, are insufficient to support higher valuations on their own because the long-term outlook for corporate profits has far more to do with investment rates, revenues and profit margins than with financial conditions, which are artificially and temporarily benign. That said, a generally rising interest rate environment is a clear negative, something that could certainly occur in 2014 given the low starting point for corporate borrowing costs.
John Hussman does an excellent job at summarising just why we should be so concerned about the current level of US stock market valuations in his recent weekly commentary, PUSHING LUCK, which you can find here. And here's my former colleague Andrew Lapthorne's recent take on the same subject:
US profits are not growing, companies are over not underinvesting (they may in fact have overinvested), and corporates are carrying more (not less) net debt than they were in 2009. It would appear that many believe the opposite to be true, yet corporate report and accounts data seems to say otherwise." But hey- stocks are at record highs, right, and the market is never wrong (except when it is), so who cares. Indeed "Thank goodness equities went up in 2013, otherwise it might have been a rather depressing year.
When it comes to having a market view there are typically (at least) two sides to every argument. When it comes down to the state of US quoted sector profits and balance sheets there should be little argument, but even here there is a great debate, and several viewpoints with which we do not entirely agree.
First is the notion that profits growth accelerated in the US last year. Yes, the pro-forma figures from popular providers such as I/B/E/S show EPS growth of around 6-7%, but pro-forma figures are whatever you wish them to be. Reported earnings growth slowed to almost zero in 2013 and EBIT is largely where it stood at the beginning of 2012.
Capital expenditure growth, the great hope for 2014, slowed throughout 2013 as did cash flow growth and sales growth. However, capex as a proportion of sales is at elevated (not depressed) levels. Why would a company step up investment when faced with contracting margins and lacklustre demand? Surely sales and profit growth recoveries lead investment and not the other way around?
US corporates do indeed hold lots of cash, which is currently at record levels, but they also hold record levels of debt. Net debt (so discounting those massive cash piles) is 15% above the levels seen in 2008/09. The idea that corporates are paying down debt is simply not seen in the numbers. What is true is that deleveraging has occurred through the usual mechanism of higher asset prices (no doubt an aim of central bank policy). This is the painless form of deleveraging. It is also the most temporary, for a simple pull-back in equities and rise in volatility will put the problem back on centre stage.[2]
Financial market animal spirits being what they are, however, and encouraged no doubt by economic officials admitting their desire to support valuations, 2013 saw a relentless, prolonged compression of risk premia not only in US equities, but in most asset markets, and implied volatilities trended lower. At the start of 2014, the VIX volatility index had fallen to only 12, a level associated historically with what Sir Alan once called 'irrational exuberance' back in 1996.
The dramatic compression in risk premia and associated low implied volatility are but two major warning signs of a dangerously overinflated bubble in risky assets. Another is the resurgent growth of so-called 'shadow' banking activities, such as collateralised securities issuance, including the residential mortgage backed securities that helped to fuel the mid-2000s US housing bubble.
As reported recently in the Financial Times, these securities, and the entities investing in them such as Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), "enjoy lighter regulation, benefit from tax efficiencies and possess increasingly deep pockets that allow them to make aggressive loans to property developers… Their role in the market is growing—as is that of hedge funds and 'business development companies' that provide capital to middle-market companies, and a whole host of other specialty financiers."[3]
Also noted in the article cited above, regulators' increasingly heavy hands on commercial banks are having the perverse affect of driving various risky activities into the shadows, obscuring them from regulatory view. There is also concern at the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) and among central bankers generally that the shadowy practice of so-called 'collateral transformation' could be a source of financial system fragility in future. Nor is such concern misplaced, as I wrote in a report last year, COLLATERAL TRANSFORMATION: THE LATEST, GREATEST FINANCIAL WEAPON OF MASS DESTRUCTION (link here). Here is a relevant excerpt from that report:
[I]f interbank lending is increasingly collateralised by banks' highest quality assets, then unsecured creditors, including depositors, are being de facto subordinated in the capital structure and are highly likely to 'run' at the first signs of trouble. And if banks are holding similar types of collateral that suddenly fall in value, then they can all become subject to a run at the same time, for the same reason…
An obvious consequence of such collateral transformation is that it increases rather than decreases the linkages in the financial system and thus in effect replaces firm-specific, idiosyncratic risk with systemic risk, exactly the opposite of what the regulators claim they are trying to do by increasing bank regulatory capital ratios.
Financial regulators may believe that they are one step ahead of the next crisis, but then they also believed this in 2007, 2001, 1992, 1980, etc, etc. It would be highly naïve to trust them this time round when there is ample evidence of a global bubble in risky asset valuations quite possibly larger than that of 2007. The fact is the moral hazard associated with financial (mis)regulation and bail-outs only serves to increase the fragility of the system with each fresh application. Indeed, the boom-bust dynamic of the entire post-Bretton-Woods era is far easier to explain and understand as a policy-driven process rather than as a market-driven one. The growing activism of central bankers and other economic officials with each successive boom-bust clearly illustrates the point. (This is also the subject of chapter 3 of my book, THE GOLDEN REVOLUTION.)
MEA CULPA: I WAS WRONG
On two occasions in early 2013 I predicted that equity markets were due a correction or even a crash.[4] I was wrong. There was a brief period over the summer when emerging markets and stocks began to roll over, but it was mild and short-lived. It did, however, demonstrate yet again the central role that Fed forward guidance plays in manipulating asset markets: The selloff was directly associated with the Fed's initial 'taper talk'; and the subsequent recovery in risk assets occurred when the Fed backed away from plans to imminently reduce the pace of QE.[5] Later in the year, the Fed followed through with a very modest tapering plan that did not spook asset markets to the degree the initial talk did.
Markets continued to rally subsequent to the formal 'taper' announcement late last year, in what I would consider to be a classic 'buy the rumour, sell the fact' response. Underlying market momentum was strong and, on the surface at least, economic data appeared to confirm that the economy was growing, if only moderately.
Underneath the surface, however, the data were deteriorating. Specifically, the quality of growth was poor. Most growth was not due to business fixed investment or household income, but rather an extended inventory build. Real final sales, a measure of 'core' GDP that strips out inventories, was stagnant at under 2% last year. Meanwhile, the modest improvement in headline labour market data obscured a continuing decline in the work-force participation rate, something that normally only occurs during and in the aftermath of recessions.
More recently, even the headline data have begun to show reason for worry and I'm not the least surprised that the hugely overvalued US stock market has taken notice. Prices have declined sharply, if by a modest amount overall, and the VIX volatility index has spiked to above 20. Bulls will argue that this is but a necessary consolidation before the bull market resumes. They may be right. But their momentum arguments are increasingly removed from valuation reality, as discussed above. Momentum can carry the airplane into thin air, yes, but it can't prevent the subsequent stall and possible crash. Risk-reward now strongly favours a defensive stance.
HOW TO PLAY IT FROM HERE
For those still overweight equities or risky assets generally, now is a good time to cash in your chips. To the extent that your portfolio guidelines and benchmarks require you to hold equities, then it is time to rotate into defensive, deep-value, income-generating shares. These could include, for example, infrastructure, consumer non-discretionary and well-capitalised mining shares, including gold miners. That may seem an odd combination, but it so happens that even well-capitalised miners are trading at distressed levels at present, offering unusually good value.
Another oddity is that, following a three-year bear market, global commodity prices in general are low. Yes, in the event that equity markets decline sharply, commodity prices are also likely to decline. However, the decline is likely to be relatively modest, in particular for what I consider to be 'defensive' commodities: those with little if any correlation to the business cycle. These include grains, other agricultural products and precious metals. Grains prices are currently very depressed following bumper crops and associated excess inventory. Coffee has only just begun to recover from a multi-year bear market. Sugar prices are also depressed. If stagflationary conditions set in during 2014 and beyond—as I expect and explain why in a moment—defensive commodities are the best place to be, as was also the case in the stagflationary 1970s.
In contrast to other defensive commodities, however, livestock prices are unusually expensive, in particular cattle. This is due in large part to extreme weather in North America. So high prices may be justified but their potential to rise further seems constrained at this point, in part due to the potential for substitution effects as cash-poor consumers gradually switch to more affordable protein sources, such as poultry or dairy products, for example.
Turning to precious metals, I remain a long-term gold and silver bull for a variety of reasons. Economic officials may claim their policies are succeeding at reducing deficits and thus future debt burdens but the truth is in fact the exact opposite. Yes, by blowing asset bubbles they can artificially reduce public sector deficits for a time, as much of the tax-base is asset-price-related in some way. But with the inevitable bust in asset prices comes the inevitable bust in tax revenues. And as Arthur Laffer and others have showed, beyond a certain point, inflationary marginal tax bracket creep no longer increases but rather decreases revenues, as a number of high-tax economies figured out during the 1990s and 2000s. Some countries, such as France, are still figuring this out, and increasingly suffering for it.
Faced with intractable future debt burdens, economic officials will continue to favour inflationary over deflationary economic policies. Rates of money creation are likely to remain elevated and populist, price-fixing economic policies purporting to support middle-class incomes—minimum wage increases or socialised health care come to mind—are highly likely to be stagflationary in their future effects. Combined with various forms of so-called 'financial repression', limiting the ability of savers to protect themselves from inflation, merely preserving existing wealth will be a challenge. As precious metals can be neither arbitrarily devalued as fiat currencies can, nor defaulted on as with corporate securities, they should now play an unusually important role in every defensive investor's portfolio.
TOWARD A BRIGHTER FUTURE
These can be depressing times for those of us who don't trust in the effectiveness of modern, neo-Keynesian economic micromanagement. Indeed, for those who believe that such micromanagement in fact misallocates resources, turning the economy's capital stock into a deformed, mangled mess over time, it is difficult to remain at all optimistic for the future. However, while a great bust (or Misean 'crack-up boom') is an inevitable part of the global financial system reset that lies in the future, perhaps the near future, once that is out of the way there are reasons to be not just optimistic, but highly so.
Consider, for example, the great price deflation that has taken place in recent years across a broad range of technology goods. Cutting-edge research, entrepreneurial spirit and business acumen have completely transformed the ways in which we communicate, do business, transact and entertain, and the prices for such services have plummeted. The positive economic productivity shock provided by the full spectrum of what we call 'tech' is as if not more profound than that of mechanised agriculture; railroads; assembly line mass-production; antibiotics; plastics, synthetics and petrochemicals; air travel; intermodal container shipping; you name it.
Most regard our amazing modern capital stock as just a given, something that spontaneously came into existence. But no, it would never have come into existence without the tireless work of countless innovators, most of whom are and will remain essentially unknown, unlike past celebrities such as Thomas Edison, Henry Ford or Steve Jobs.
Just as important, there is a critical role for the state in all of this dynamism, to provide for the rule of law and the enforcement of property rights. Without those robust parameters, spontaneous entrepreurial activity cannot respond efficiently to information and thus will be suboptimal, as George Gilder's best-selling new book, KNOWLEDGE AND POWER (find it here) convincingly demonstrates. Highlighting the crucial role of information in a capitalist economy, he argues compellingly that a market-based economy is at base a highly efficient if necessarily chaotic information system that cannot possibly be understood by any person or group of persons.[6]
Central economic planning, by contrast, is highly counterproductive as it not only cannot use information efficiently; it distorts the flow of all economic information in countless if largely unseen ways. The more technologically advanced an economy, therefore, the more damaging central planning becomes.
This is one way to understand why the failed Anglo-Saxon financial system and associated economic micromanagement is such a drag on growth everywhere. It is sucking vital resources out of potentially highly dynamic regional and global industries and distorting the flow of information everywhere, to the detriment of job creation and income growth. Sure, shrinking the financial sector would require those workers to be re-trained to some extent to move into new industrial directions, but this sort of 'creative destruction' at the micro level is part and parcel of the dynamic nature of real, sustainable, qualitative economic advancement at the macro level. The sooner we bring it on the sooner the exponential economic progress associated with an information economy can resume.
Fortunately, in the coming financial market bust lie the seeds of such renewal. It will soon become painfully obvious to those in power that the financial system is beyond repair and, once they get out of the way, creative destruction will create a new one through the implementation of new technologies imbued with entrepreneurial spirit. Say what you will about Bitcoin, crowdfunding and other recent financial innovations; they provide examples for how new technologies may one day completely displace the archaic, ossified, 'Too Big To Fail' financial behemoths of our time.
A FINAL OBSERVATION
Those familiar with my book and following the relevant news flow around gold and central bank reserve policies may have noticed that the de-rating of the dollar and remonetisation of gold continues to take place in the dark background of international economic and monetary relations. (A superficial treatment of the topic was recently published in the Financial Times.[7]) But much as astronomers can observe black holes indirectly, by the distortions they create in nearby space, so the remonetisation of gold can be inferred from keen observation of gold flows and economic policy shifts taking place around the world. The strongest such signals may be emanating from China at present, but there are others: in Germany, Russia and Nigeria, for example. (For a more thorough discussion on this topic, please see Cognitive Dollar Dissonance: Why a Global Rebalancing and Deleveraging Requires the De-Rating of the Dollar and Remonetisation of Gold, The Gold Standard Journal, issue 34, October 2013. The link is here.)
Care to comment on this report? Please send me a note: john.butler@amphora-alpha.com
And if you like you can follow me on twitter: @butlergoldrevo
[1] The link to this FOMC statement is here.
[2] This research from Societe Generale was featured here.
[3] COMPETITION FOR SHADOW BANKING LURKS IN THE SHADOWS, Financial Times, 17 January 2014. The link is here.
[4] The most recent of these predictions was made in March. The link to the relevant report, ASSUME THE BRACE POSITION, is here.
[5] For a more thorough discussion of this episode from last year, please see my previous report, WILL THE FED RE-ARM THE BOND MARKET VIGILANTES? Amphora Report vol. 4 (July 2013). The link is here.
[6] George Gilder is hardly the first to have made this point, however. Among others, Friedrich von Hayek, Immanuel Kant, Confucius and innumerable quantum physicists have also explored the necessary limits to knowledge, in their various ways. One particularly poignant example is Leonard Read's famous assay, I, PENCIL.
[7] The article, by veteran FT columnist Gillian Tett, can be found at the link here.
This article was previously published in The Amphora Report, Vol 5, 07 February 2014.
Currently serving as the Chief Investment Officer of a commodities fund, John was previously Managing Director and Head of the Index Strategies Group at Deutsche Bank in London, where he was responsible for the development and marketing of proprietary, systematic quantitative strategies for global interest rate markets. A cum laude graduate of Occidental College in California, John holds a Masters Degree in International Finance and Economics from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, associated with Harvard and Tufts Universities. Follow John Butler on twitter! @ButlerGoldRevo
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17 February 14 at 22:53
Actually a lot of people have already cashed in their chips. The stock market rise of 2013 (fuelled by Central Bank monetary policy) is over. Astonishing gravity defying ride it was indeed.
John Butler says:
Thx Paul but we have not even seen the end of the beginning!
Even more stock market rises? Incredible – but we shall see.
The Chinese do not seem to believe so – even official gold buying figures are one third higher for 2013 than they were for 2012.
The Chinese are clearly expecting hard times ahead (unlike the Indians they have no religious reason to buy gold).
And China is the last hope of the international establishment.
Material Evidence: Greece has been the very essence of Keynesian folly
The latest Material Evidence from Sean Corrigan: What seems to escape every one of these fatuous macromancers is that, for years now, Greece has…


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Соревнования по дзюдо на летних Паралимпийских играх 2008 проходили с 7 по 9 сентября во Дворце спорта «Пролетарий». Всего 129 атлета (82 мужчины и 47 женщин) разыграли 13 комплектов медалей.

Медали

Общий зачёт

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Мужчины

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Соревнования на летних Паралимпийских играх 2008
Дзюдо на летних Паралимпийских играх

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The NRU 40 and Over Adult League promotes adult soccer in the New River Valley. We are open ages 40 and up. Registration is open for the Spring season February 18 and runs until March 7.
To register for the Spring 2018 40 and Over Adult League season, please complete the steps below.


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Former NY Governor Pataki Calls on 2016 Republicans to Pledge Annulling Iran Deal
by Eliezer Sherman
Former New York Governor Gorge Pataki.
Republicans running for president in 2016 must agree to rescind any nuclear agreement the U.S. signs with Iran and forget about peace negotiations between Israel and the current Palestinian Authority, said former New York governor George Pataki.
Continuing to fuel suspicions that the former governor was setting out on a 2016 presidential campaign, Pataki laid out five positions that he said all Republican candidates must adopt in order to receive funding from Jewish donors and groups.
According to sources close to the former governor who spoke with the Algemeiner, those positions are: the "reneging of any deal with Iran," punishing recruiters and fundraisers for the Islamic State, refusing peace talks with the current Palestinian leadership, withdrawing aid to the Palestinian Authority and a new commitment to working with Israel to improve the U.S.'s missile defense systems.
On Iran: "There will be an immediate reneging of any deal with Iran. We must make it clear to the world now, that America cannot tolerate a nuclear Iran."
Pompeo: Iran Should Know There is a Cost to Malign Activity 'Wherever It Takes Place'
JNS.org - "Hi, this is Mike," US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said right at the start of my phone...
On the Palestinian Authority, Pataki said he had to "agree with Prime Minister Netanyahu."
"The current Palestinian Arab leaders are not — repeat not — credible partners in peace. The Secretary of State must not waste one minute shuttling around trying to force some mythical deal until we have a credible partner in peace," he said.
"Until the Palestinians stop giving monies to imprisoned terrorists and stipends to families of the suicide bombers, they will not receive US aid. These terrorists are enemies of America and the West," he said.
Pataki called for a "foolproof Iron Dome," the short- and medium-range missile-defense system which Israel developed with U.S. aid, and which was deployed across the Jewish state during last summer's 50-day war with Gaza.
The source says these principles were also "delivered to each other candidate."
Pataki is set to unveil his mantra in the opening address on Friday at the Republican Jewish Coalition's Spring Meeting in Las Vegas. Pataki drew the attention of the Republican Jewish community after, according to some sources, he was proved to have won more than 50 percent of New York's Jewish vote in his 2000 re-election bid.
Former president George W. Bush, House Speaker John Boehner and Senator (Tex.) Ted Cruz, who has announced a presidential campaign were among the other speakers scheduled to address the RJC on Friday.
Pataki himself has drawn speculation over his own presidential bid, with a super PAC called "We the People, Not Washington" formed in January and paid ads in New Hampshire, according to the Wall Street Journal.
Pataki was New York governor from 1996 to 2005.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Formello is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome. It is located southwest of the Monti Sabatini, within the Regional Park of Veii. The communal territory is mostly composed by tuff, and is intensively cultivated.

History
The area has been settled since prehistoric times. As an Italian comune, it includes some of the archaeological sites associated with the powerful former Etruscan city of Veii, which rivaled Rome for a time, north of the village of Isola Farnese, south of Formello. Settlement in the region declined after Veii's destruction in 396 BC.

In this area, about 780 AD, with peaceful conditions reestablished, Pope Adrian I assembled a great estate of which this territory formed part, his Domusculta Capracorum, in contrast with the power of the Abbey of Farfa, but it was destroyed by Saracen attacks in the ninth century. The domus' territories included a fundus Formellum, where a settlement developed that was first mentioned in 1027.

In the 11th century it was a possession of the Roman Basilica of San Paolo fuori le Mura, and was probably fortified in the same period. In 1279 it became a fief of the Orsini family, who sold it to the Chigi in 1661.

Main sights

Church of San Lorenzo, also known as Chiesa di San Lorenzo Martire (10th-11th centuries). It received a bell tower in the fifteenth century, and was renovated in 1574 with the addition of the two aisles. The left one houses frescoes by Donato Palmieri. This is located adjacent to Palazzo Chigi.
Palazzo Chigi (c. 11th century). It was built by the Orsini, probably over the pre-existing castrum mentioned in the 11th century. It houses the Archaeological Museum of the Countryside of Veii.
Church of San Michele Arcangelo, also known as Chiesa San Michele Arcangelo (c. 12th century). Romanesque church with a high bell tower and a single nave. This church is only open for special occasions.
The ruins of Villa Chigi-Versaglia, built by cardinal Flavio Chigi in the 17th century.

Sport
Formello is home to the training grounds and base of Italian Serie A side S.S. Lazio: (Centro sportivo di Formello)

Photo gallery

References


A three day music and camping festival celebrating music and creating community! The inaugural event will be held in the Spring of 2017 in Nelson County, Virginia. Check back here for updates and information... lots of stuff in the works.


Order a Sand Pillow for the beach, lake, camping or travel. Just fill it with sand, lay back and relax!
Welcome to the Official Website of the Fresno County Family Child Care Association!
KT is a longtime friend of BBT, where she studied with Sally Streets for many years. Ms. Nelson is Co-Artistic Director of San Francisco's ODC.
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text:
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Bachmann-Media Overdrive
Susan J. Douglas July 12, 2011
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Did you enjoy the first big televised debate among the Republican presidential candidates? I skipped it, figuring I could probably become more enlightened by watching Keeping Up with the Kardashians. But then NPR, The New York Times and other news outlets suggested that the star of the show was, of all people, Michelle Bachmann. The same Michelle Bachmann who warned that "The Lion King" was gay propaganda because the music was written by Elton John. The one who said, "Carbon dioxide is portrayed as harmful, but there isn't even one study that can be produced that shows that carbon dioxide is a harmful gas." Who has called global warming "voodoo." The same Michelle Bachmann who, at a 2005 campaign event, called the cops after two lesbians attempted to talk to her in the bathroom.
Bachmann said the EPA should be renamed 'the Job-Killing Organization of America'--a wing-nut remark NPR failed to mention.
No matter: The Times reported that Bachmann came across as a "competent, knowledgeable insider," and USA Today said she was "lively, confident and personable" and the "the breakout star" of the GOP race, which was a line NPR, skittish about Congress cutting off its federal funding, also took. So, I thought I'd better have a look at the transcript of the June 13 event. Among other things, in the wake of killer tornados, floods and wildfires ravaging various parts of the country, Bachmann argued for the elimination of the EPA, saying it "should really be renamed the Job-Killing Organization of America," a bona fide wing-nut comment NPR failed to mention. She also claimed the Congressional Budget Office had ascertained that "Obamacare will kill 800,000 jobs," which is not true. But presumably because she didn't repeat idiocies like her assertion that the founding fathers worked "tirelessly" on the constitution "until slavery was no more in the United States," she defied expectations for Twitter-worthy gaffes and became a credible presidential contender.
Mitt Romney, for his part, insisted that the federal government should get out of disaster relief altogether and leave it to the states, or even better, "the private sector." I can just see Goldman Sachs pitching in to help New Orleans recover from Katrina, can't you? Romney actually said that the government can't afford services like disaster relief because it "jeopardizes the future of our kids." Why wasn't this whopper headline news, in, say, Joplin, Mo., or the entire states of Alabama and Arizona?
As you can gather, the main theme of the debate was the importance of reducing, if not eliminating, the role of the federal government in pretty much everything.The key word here – and one that Democrats better start attacking more forcefully – is "entitlements." This word was used repeatedly, including by moderator John King, as in: "Let's continue the conversation about entitlements." We all know what this now refers to, and it's not just welfare: it's Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security. As the astute linguist and analyst of political rhetoric George Lakoff notes, entitlements "are seen as money given to, or spent on, people who have not earned it and therefore don't deserve it – in other words, money not merely wasted, but spent badly."
Now, a quick scan at your paycheck will reveal that people actually contribute to Medicare and Social Security. Many of us don't pay as much as we should into these accounts, which could be remedied. And certainly some people – Warren Buffett, Oprah – don't need and shouldn't get either. But these are, in fact, earned benefits. Which is how most Americans seem to see them: A recent Kaiser Foundation poll found 62 percent oppose any reductions in spending on Social Security, 57 percent oppose any cuts to Medicare and 50 percent would not be willing to accept any cuts in Medicaid spending.
So what is an entitlement? How about General Electric being entitled to not pay any taxes? The top 1 percent of rich people feeling entitled to take in nearly 25 percent of the nation's income and hogging 40 percent of the wealth in this country? It is long overdue for the frame around "entitlements" to be refocused – like a laser beam – on who the real freeloaders are.
But back to Bachmann. Anyone who believes that eliminating the minimum wage would eradicate unemployment and that the biggest problem facing the country is homosexuality is delusional. Such a person is not remotely qualified to be president. Any journalist who suggests otherwise should be ridiculed off the public stage.
Correction: This story originally referred to the June 13 GOP presidential debate as the first debate among candidates. In fact, it was the second, but it was the first to feature all major candidates and be widely televised.
Susan J. Douglas is a professor of communications at the University of Michigan and a senior editor at In These Times. Her forthcoming book is In Our Prime: How Older Women Are Reinventing the Road Ahead..
Have thoughts or reactions to this or any other piece that you'd like to share? Send us a note with the Letter to the Editor form.
More articles by Susan J. Douglas
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Science tells us that age and health are two very different things.
Want To Fix the Debates? Shut Down the Trump-Style Theatrics.
The sensationalist, ratings-first format needs to change—and candidates should boycott debates until it does.
Why the Weinstein Story Has Been So Huge
Until we confront rape culture as a whole, the #MeToo testimonies will continue.
The GOP's Healthcare Plans Have Awakened the Wrath of a Powerful Constituency: Older Americans
Baby boomers won't take cuts to Medicare and Social Security without a fight.
Susan J. Douglas
On the Occupation's 49th Anniversary, Israel Wants To Expand Capital Punishment for Palestinians
The move would likely only be used for Palestinians found guilty of engaging in terrorism, but not Israelis.
Marc Daalder
In No Uncertain Terms, U.N. Calls Out U.S. for Lack of Reparations to African-Americans
40 acres and a mule won't cut it
Salim Muwakkil
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We crunched salary and growth numbers to identify some great careers for 2018.A report released today shows that, while an average of 16 percent of websites across all industries can thwart simple bot attacks, only five percent are.
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The mintToken function of a smart contract implementation for CryptoABS. (JOB), an Ethereum token. through 2018-06-27,.Here you can find all the list of top cryptocurrencies with their current market price with minable and non-minable properties according to their ranking.


I've long been a great supporter of photosynthesis. I'm sure that 99.9% of scientists think the same because without the process of photosynthesis there would be no life on earth. Photosynthesis in rain forests provide about 20% of our planet's oxygen, whilst the oceans provide between 50%- 80% of oxygen from photosynthesis in ocean dwelling plankton. So, the ocean is important.
Photosynthesis works by using a chemical known as chlorophyll-a, which converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using the red part of visual sunlight.
A while ago, scientists discovered the cyanobacterium, Acaryochloris, could photosynthesis beyond the red limit. The discovery was made in the ocean where Acaryochloris has a very specific habitat living underneath a green sea-squirt that shades out most of the visible light leaving it to photosynthesise in near-infrared. This was considered a 'one-off' species.
Well, the amazing news this week is the discovery of a third type of chlorophyll, which can be found in a wide range of existing cyanobacteria found in shaded conditions like bacterial mats in Yellowstone and in beach rock in Australia. The newly discovered chlorophyll 'f' can work in shaded areas of infra-red light in stable, shaded environments.
In normal light conditions, the standard red form of photosynthesis is used, but the new form of photosynthesis could allow for reactions to take place in the 'dark' using infra-red lamps.
There appears to be no cell damage done by the infra-red, so living beyond the red limit is something for scientists to play with in the future.
So – could we improve or invent new technology using this new system?
Why am I so excited? Well, those of you who have heard my talks will know, oxygen is vital to our lives and the oceans (which supply most of our oxygen) are becoming acidic with the increased CO2 from the atmosphere being absorbed into the oceans. The likelihood of technology being able to 'make' oxygen, using the new infra-red photosynthesis is very exciting indeed. It doesn't mean we should stop trying to eliminate the excess use of CO2, but a possible guaranteed oxygen supply sounds great to me.
I've got solar panels on my roof, perhaps one day I can have an oxygen maker, using chlorophyll-f and infra- red light, in my under-stair cupboard.


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Acclaimed Mornington Peninsula Winery joins the Oatley Fine Wine Merchants Portfolio
One of the Mornington Peninsula's leading wineries will admirably fill a key regional opportunity in the Oatley Fine Wine Merchants' (OFWM) portfolio when Montalto joins them on 5th March 2018. "With most of Australia's key regions now represented in our portfolio, there remained one obvious gap – that of a Mornington Peninsula producer," says OFWM Chief Executive Officer, Anthony Roberts. "We are delighted that the family owned, multi-award winning Montalto has jumped on board, adding y Read More
Seppeltsfield announces distribution deal with Oatley Fine Wine Merchants
The Barossa Valley's iconic wine estate, Seppeltsfield, has announced a new distribution partnership with Oatley Fine Wine Merchants (OFWM), to commence in March 2018. Seppeltsfield, established in 1851 by the Seppelt family, will be represented by OFWM in Australia (all states and territories) as a leading Barossa brand partner in the Oatley portfolio. The partnership has a clear purpose; to bring Seppeltsfield Barossa red and white wines to the wholesale trade -for the first Read More
Four in Hand wins 2017 Great Australian Shiraz Challenge
The Oatley family are delighted to have been awarded the 2017 Great Australian Shiraz Challenge, Best Shiraz Of Show and Best South Australian Shiraz for the 2015 Four In Hand Barossa Shiraz; a wine produced in tribute to Robert Oatley Vineyards' founder, the late Robert (Bob) Oatley's personal love of Four In Hand carriage driving and modern Australian shiraz. Crafted by Robert Oatley Vineyards Deputy Executive Chairman, winemaker Chris Hancock, the 2015 Four in Hand Barossa Read More
Acclaimed Barossa Valley winery joins the Oatley Fine Wine Merchants portfolio
One of the Barossa Valley's leading wineries will admirably fill a key regional opportunity in the Oatley Fine Wine Merchants' (OFWM) portfolio when Hentley Farm Wines joins them on 4th September 2017. "With most of Australia's key regions now represented in our portfolio, there remained one obvious gap – that of a Barossa Valley producer" says OFWM Chief Executive Officer, Anthony Roberts. "We are delighted that the family owned, multi-award winning Hentley Farm Wines has jumped on boar Read More
Oatley & Shaw re-unite in new distribution agreement
The Oatley Family are pleased to announce they will once again work with the Shaw family as Philip Shaw Wines from Orange NSW joins the Oatley Family Wine Merchants (OFWM) portfolio of family-owned wineries on 1st May, 2017. Australian wine lovers will recall that Bob Oatley and Philip Shaw were a powerful combination during the Oatley's more than four decade ownership of Rosemount Estate where Philip led the winemaking for over twenty years. Together they were twice awarded Intern Read More
Josef Chromy joins Oatley Fine Wine Merchants
Hot on the heels of Pikes, The Oatley Family are pleased to announce that Tasmania's Josef Chromy Wines will also join their portfolio of family-owned wineries from 1st May, 2017. They will be distributed nationally by Oatley Family Wine Merchants (OFWM): Australia's fastest growing national distributor of Australian and International wines to the trade, specialising in the on-premise and independent retail sectors. "We are delighted to include this premium northern Read More
Oatley Fine Wine Merchants to distribute Pikes Clare Valley Wines
The Oatley Family are pleased to welcome the renowned Clare Valley producer Pikes to its portfolio of family-owned wineries. Pikes will be distributed by Oatley Family Wine Merchants (OFWM) from 1st May, 2017. Oatley Fine Wine Merchants (OFWM) is Australia's fastest growing national distributor of Australian and International wines to the trade, specialising in the on-premise and independent retail sectors. Founded in 1984 at 'Polish Hill River Estate' in South Aust Read More
Oakridge joins Oatley Fine Wine Merchants
The Oatley Family has reached agreement with Oakridge to distribute the outstanding Oakridge Wines range within Australia as of 1st February, 2017. Oatley Fine Wine Merchants (OFWM) is Australia's fastest growing national distributor of Australian and International wines to the trade, specialising in the on-premise and independent retail sectors. Located in Victoria's Yarra Valley, Oakridge is widely acknowledged as one of Australia's outstanding wine producers. Oa Read More
Mudgee Wine Show 2016 results confirm the Oatley's belief in chardonnay and shiraz
The CCL 2016 Mudgee Wine Show results announced tonight have confirmed the Oatley family's belief in the quality of the region's chardonnay and shiraz, with their winery, Robert Oatley Vineyards collecting the Bob Oatley trophy for the best chardonnay, outstanding white wine of show and nine gold and nine bronze medals, combining to secure a third trophy for most successful exhibitor. The results were announced tonight after judging this week by Mike de Garis, Sue Hodder & Read More
The Giesen and Oatley families announce Australian distribution agreement
Australia's Oatley and New Zealand's Giesen families are delighted to announce an Australian distribution partnership commencing April 2016. Oatley Fine Wine Merchants (OFWM) have been appointed distributors of the Giesen portfolio in the Australian independent retail and on-premise markets. "We are very excited to be working with the Giesen brothers to represent their impressive range of wines here in Australia" said OFWM Chairman Andrew (Sandy) Oatley. &ldqu Read More


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Now More Than Ever, You Need This Illustrated Guide To Bad Arguments, Faulty Logic, And Silly Rhetoric
In these factious times, it's important to recognize that all opinions aren't created equal. Ali Almossawi explains, and illustrates, all manner of bad arguments.
By Dan Solomon 2 minute Read
In our increasingly connected world, one thing has become ever clearer to everyone who possesses a device that allows them to connect to the greatest communication network the world has ever seen: There are some people out there with some really stupid arguments. Whether you spend your Facebook time debating the government shutdown with a former middle school crush or in a virtual shouting match with your belligerent uncle about precisely whose fault the Giants' 0-4 start is, you've probably been witness to some fallacious logic in your time.
If you've been looking for a primer that illustrates exactly what's wrong with an argument that denies the existence of global warming because of the importance of the auto industry to the global economy, it now exists–with an emphasis on the illustrates part.
Ali Almossawi, a data visualizer and designer who divides his time between working with Mozilla and design firm Skyrill, wrote the book on bad arguments. Almossawi's An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments features lovely, sepia-toned, woodcut-style illustrations by Alejandro Giraldo of cute animals who explain what straw man, false dilemma, and no true scotsman arguments–among many others–are, with a few brief paragraphs on opposite pages explaining in clear, concise language how those arguments work in greater detail.
"It's useful to be able to encapsulate a concept like a bad argument in a single illustration," Almossawi says when he explains why he took the approach he did with the book. "Partly because I'm a visual person, partly because it hadn't been done before, and partly because it's a hat tip to Lewis Carroll, whose The Hunting of the Snark is illustrated in a similar woodcut style."
Bad Arguments, as it exists now, is strictly available as an eBook, readable via your web browser–readers flip the pages with the left and right arrow keys–which is an interesting experiment for something that clearly involved a lot of time and effort, and which seems tailor-made for the gift-book market. But the experiment panned out–Almossawi is publishing a hardcover version in November. "I'm happy with the results," he says. "Designers have written in commenting on its design; English majors have commented on grammar; and philosophy professors and students have commented on various aspects of the book. As a result, the work has benefited from going through an open process of scrutiny over the past two months, which means the hardback is now a better product thanks to those readers."
The response to the web-based version also informed Almossawi what sort of market exists for the print edition. And that print edition is something that should have utility for a very long time–after all, it's not like bad arguments ever really go out of style.
"It's a timeless topic," Almossawi says. "One would hope that a useful contribution in this field would be of value for a long time. It serves an educational and positive purpose–we see irrational thinking leading to a lot of tension in the world."
See some bad arguments in the slide show above.
Note: this post has been updated to include the illustrator's name.
Dan Solomon lives in Austin with his wife and his dog. He's written about music for MTV and Spin, sports for Sports Illustrated, and pop culture for Vulture and the AV Club
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text:
package org.drools.guvnor.client.rulefloweditor;

import java.util.Map;

import pl.balon.gwt.diagrams.client.connection.Connection;
import pl.balon.gwt.diagrams.client.connection.RectilinearTwoEndedConnection;
import pl.balon.gwt.diagrams.client.connector.UIObjectConnector;

public class RuleFlowConnectionFactory {

    public static Connection createConnection(TransferConnection c,
                                              Map<Long, RuleFlowBaseNode> nodes) throws RuntimeException {

        long fromId = c.getFromId();
        long toId = c.getToId();

        RuleFlowBaseNode from = nodes.get( fromId );
        RuleFlowBaseNode to = nodes.get( toId );

        if ( from == null || to == null ) {
            throw new RuntimeException( "Connection needs existing from and to nodes." );
        }

        RectilinearTwoEndedConnection connection = new RectilinearTwoEndedConnection( UIObjectConnector.wrap( from ),
                                                                                UIObjectConnector.wrap( to ) );

        return connection;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Whether you enjoy soups or salads, savoury or sweet, there's a squash for all your needs. A good source of fibre and vitamins A and C.
When cooked the skin is edible making the squash ideal halved, baked and used as a bowl stuffed with meats, cheese, grains, soups, or other vegetables. Cooked green acorn squash can be added to soups, stews, curries, risotto, and pasta.
Firm, dry flesh. Sweet, nutty and buttery flavour.
It can be steamed, boiled or sautéed though best when roasted (to achieve its optimal flavour and texture).
Roasting, baking, grilling and broiling. They can be halved or stuffed with a variety of sweet or savoury fillings.


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Kuzemsky, Mykhailo
Kuzemsky, Mykhailo [Куземський, Михайло; Kuzems'kyj, Myxajlo], b 20 February 1809 in Shubalyn, Berezhany circle, Galicia, d 5 December 1879 in Liashki Horishni, Galicia. Religious and community leader, canon of Lviv eparchy. Kuzemsky was the most active member of the Supreme Ruthenian Council and later the main organizer of its branches in the provinces. He was a founder and the first head of the Halytsko-Ruska Matytsia educational-publishing society. For 15 years he was a leader and trustee of Ukrainian popular education in eastern Galicia, defending the use of the Ukrainian language in schools and the right to Ukrainian political and administrative independence in Galicia. From 1868 to 1871 he was the last Greek Catholic archbishop of the Kholm eparchy.
List of related links from Encyclopedia of Ukraine pointing to Kuzemsky, Mykhailo entry:
1 Conservatism 2 Halytsko-Ruska Matytsia 3 History of the Ukrainian church 4 Kholm eparchy 5 Old Ruthenians 6 Supreme Ruthenian Council


Spring Away from Gluten in 2013!
There has never been a better time to 'Like' Shiloh Farms on Facebook!
As we mentioned last week on our blog, Shiloh Farms has introduced a new line of certified gluten-free products. Today, we would like to announce that we are hosting an exciting giveaway in celebration! You can to enter our "Spring Away from Gluten" sweepstakes by "Liking" our page and sharing with friends at https://www.facebook.com/shilohfarms.
Fans will have the opportunity to win weekly gourmet picnic baskets overflowing with our new gluten-free products, along with a best-selling gluten-free, dairy-free cookbook; and one lucky fan will win the grand-prize three-piece patio set!
Join us as we spring away and enjoy gluten-free living al fresco!


Computer runs out of RAM in the... » Site Navigation » Forum> User CP> FAQ> Support.Me> Steam Error 118> 10.0.0.2> Trusteer Endpoint Protection All times are GMT -7. Load More View All Workspace suites 'take a load off' IT IT pros consider KACE systems management as a service Dell roadmap session centers on integration, skips KACE Dell KACE K1000 If you reside outside of the United States, you consent to having your personal data transferred to and processed in the United States. Reseat all expansion boards. 8.
Additional information Computer CMOS help and support. If it's available set it to 'Enabled', save your BIOS settings and reboot to see if it fixes the hang. Fast, Scalable and Secure Webhosting Are you currently having hosting problems? If this fixes it, reconnect one at time. 6.
Please use our Forums if you need help with a computer or network problem. | Home | Guides | How to | Reviews | FAQs | Forums | Forum Archives | In some cases, the computer may be trying to boot from either of these drives causing issues with the boot sequence. More information on this topic: Tip: Configure BIOS correctly for better desktop performance Topics: Performance management RSS: Sign up for our RSS feed to receive expert advice every day. This email address doesn't appear to be valid.
the CPU, Memory, Video card and a boot device Floppy disk or CDROM/DVD). Grub. Please see our Contact page if you have any comments or corrections that would make this article better. How to fix a boot hang on 'Verifying DMI Pool' ?
The pool data is the information. It may make take some time or it may be stuck. Do you feel that your site slowlyness is killing sales or traffic? Gradually the site grew to what it is now - an authority site about BIOS update information - with an active forum.
Je moet dit vandaag nog doen. Recent updates Added BIOS Downloads with Large HDD Support (64GB/128GB) for older motherboards Download ASUS Live Update tools Download Phoenix Flasher tools < Where can I buy an EPROM programmer and Sign in for existing members Continue Reading This Article Enjoy this article as well as all of our content, including E-Guides, news, tips and more. setting not set properly.Connections loose or disconnected.Bad hard drive or other bad hardware.
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Abigail C. Cohn is a professor of linguistics and Southeast Asian studies. Her research interests include the Austronesian languages of Indonesia, with a particular focus on their phonetics, phonology, and morphology.
Recently she has focused on the sociolinguistic situation in Indonesia, as more young people switch from using a local language as their first language to Indonesian.
In 2012-13, she was a Fulbright Senior Research Scholar at Unika Atma Jaya. Her research project, "Language Contact in Indonesia: Shifts in Usage and their Structural Manifestations," investigated the mutual influences of Sundanese and Indonesian as a case study.
In collaboration with Maya Ravindranath Abtahian and Tom Pepinsky, she is studying the fate of the languages of Indonesia with more than a million speakers, as reported in The International Journal of the Sociology of Language.
Her publications include articles and book chapters in both general linguistics and areal linguistics venues. She is co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Laboratory Phonology and co-editor-in-chief of the new online-only journal Linguistics Vanguard, published by de Gruyter Mouton.


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Home Latest News LoC Trade too suspended between Kashmir and Pak Occupied Kashmir
LoC Trade too suspended between Kashmir and Pak Occupied Kashmir
PSU Watch Bureau
PW Bureau
Post-withdrawal of MFN status to Pakistan after Pulwama it is believed that LoC trade was being misused in order to evade the consequent higher duty
New Delhi: Ministry of home affairs (MHA) has issued orders to suspend the LoC trade in Jammu & Kashmir w.e.f 19-04-2019. This action has been taken as the Government of India has been receiving reports that the Cross LoC trade routes are being misused by the Pakistan based elements for funnelling illegal weapons, narcotics and fake currency etc.
Trade based on the Barter system, zero duty
It may be recalled that the LoC trade is meant to facilitate the exchange of goods of common use between local populations across the LoC in Jammu & Kashmir. The trade is allowed through two Trade Facilitation Centres located at Salamabad, Uri, District Baramulla and Chakkan-da-Bagh, District Poonch. The trade takes place four days a week. Trade is based on the Barter system and zero duty basis.
Misuse of LoC Trade Post MFN status withdrawal
However, reports have been received that the LoC trade is being misused on a very large scale. It has been revealed that the trade has changed its character to mostly third party trade and products from other regions, including foreign countries, are finding their way through this route. Unscrupulous and anti-national elements are using the route as a conduit for Hawala money, drugs and weapons, under the garb of this trade.
India's trade concerns
During the ongoing investigations of certain cases by NIA, it has been brought out that a significant number of trading concerns engaged in LoC trade are being operated by persons closely associated with banned terrorist organizations involved in fuelling terrorism/separatism. Investigations have further revealed that some individuals, who have crossed over to Pakistan and joined militant organizations have opened trading firms in Pakistan. These trading firms are under the control of militant organizations and are engaged in LoC trade.
Stricter regulatory & enforcement mechanism is being worked out
After the Pulwama incident, the Government of India has withdrawn the MFN status to Pakistan. Inputs have also been received that in order to evade the consequent higher duty, LoC trade is likely to be misused to a much larger extent.
It has, therefore, been decided by the Government of India to suspend the LoC trade at Salamabad and Chakkan-da-Bagh in Jammu and Kashmir with immediate effect. Meanwhile, a stricter regulatory & enforcement mechanism is being worked out and will be put in place in consultation with various agencies. The issue of reopening of LoC trade will be revisited thereafter.
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President's Address & Report from the General Secretary - Spotlight on activities and themes of the past year and future perspectives for the LWF.
Keynote Panel on Interfaith Dialogue - A look at interfaith dialogue in Indonesia where 80 percent of the population is Muslim and 16 percent Christian. Both faith traditions were represented on the panel.
Reformation 2017 - Planning of programmatic work relating to the 2017 LWF Twelfth Assembly in Namibia and the 500th anniversary of the Reformation.
The churches of the LWF National Committee in Indonesia hosted the Council 2014 meeting.


text:
About the Auto Kennel Designs
As long as I can remember, I've always been fascinated with company logos and designs. Growing up, I wanted to be a graphic artist. How fun it would be working on cool and clever logos all day! Of course, life took a funny twist, and I ended up in the automotive world. At least I get to be around beautiful designs every day.
One of the first things I did when we opened AutoKennel was create a design. I wanted something friendly, fun, and approachable. I wanted a logo that was instantly recognizable and didn't need words to describe it. Originally, AutoKennel was going to be a car storage facility with garages where people could tinker with their cars. That concept quickly evolved into what we are today. Everyone always asks me "why there is a Lamborghini Countach poking out of the doghouse?"
Well, the reason is pretty simple: that has been my dream car my whole life. To be more specific, a white on white Countach would be my first choice. So, I thought, why not have a Lambo on our logo? It will represent my dream, and one day, when our little company reached a major milestone, I could afford to own one. You could say it's like dangling a carrot in front of my face every day. (The funny thing is, we have yet to get a Countach on consignment to sell…a day I eagerly await.)
Although we printed T-shirts and hats when we first opened our doors 10-years ago, I really wanted something more design-oriented. I wanted something cool. So, we employed the help of friends who really have an eye for design.
We contacted our dear friend, Eric Singer, with Obey clothing. Eric works with a group of talented people who really have an eye for what is cool and will last the test of time. We then reached out to Thorsten Klein in Stuttgart.
Thorsten designed our original logo and has since gone on to become a well-recognized designer at Porsche. He helped expand our logo line to include some of our favorite makes and models. Finally, Scott, Lorriann, and Jamie at Dimensions (printers), took an idea and a dream and made it a reality!
For the first time, we are offering our apparel to our friends. We are producing only a limited quantity of some high quality pieces. You can order them below. When we run out, that's it.
P.S. We also want to extend a big thank you to Dave who is one of our favorite car friends through R Gruppe. He was kind enough to model our new wear!
Auto Kennel™ Work Shirts
Auto Kennel Pique Polo Shirts
Auto Kennel Jacket
Auto Kennel T-Shirt
Auto Kennel Fleece Light Weight Jacket
Auto Kennel License Plate Frame


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Q: I want to save my scrape record in csv, this Python Code working fine for me but it's making extra columns each time new data is saved it's making extra columns for each time new data is saved in this sheet How can I stop making extra columns?

Data = [[Category,Headlines,Author,Source,Published_Date,Feature_Image,Content,url]]

cols = ['Category','Headlines','Author','Source','Published_Date','Feature_Image','Content','URL']
try:
    opened_df = pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Public/pagedata.csv')
    opened_df = pd.concat([opened_df,pd.DataFrame(Data, columns = cols)])
except:
    opened_df = pd.DataFrame(Data, columns = cols)

opened_df.to_csv('C:/Users/Public/pagedata.csv')

A: Try this in your last line of your code:
opened_df.to_csv('C:/Users/Public/pagedata.csv', index = False)

in case the "Unnamed: 0" gets created everytime and is an unwanted column in your csv try this, before the last line in your code:
opened_df.drop('Unnamed: 0', axis = 1, inplace = True)
opened_df.to_csv('C:/Users/Public/pagedata.csv', index = False)

i hope this solves your issue.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Q: Foreach equivalent on variadic function Did some searching and couldn't find an answer to this question so apologies if a repost. I want to call the same function with the same arg on a bunch of different objects. I currently implemented it like this:
void callWithArg(const char* msg) { }

template <typename HEAD, typename.... TAIL>
void callWithArg(HEAD&& head, TAIL&&... tail, const char* msg) {
    head.foo(msg);
    callWithArg(tail..., msg);
}

Obviously that in itself is not a particularly tedious bit of code, I was just wondering if there was a simpler or cleaner way of iterating over that parameter pack than this kind of recursive invocation? Thanks!

A: Here's the most concise way I know to express this:
template<typename ...T>
void callWithArg(const char *msg, T &&...t) {
  int dummy[] = { 0, (t.foo(msg), 0)... };
}

The pack expansion expands to a list of expressions of type int, which are used to initialize the array dummy (which we throw away). The calls to foo are sequenced, because in C++11, elements of a list-initialization are sequenced left-to-right.
If you add a #include <initializer_list>, you can slightly simplify this to:
auto dummy = { 0, (t.foo(msg), 0)... };

You may also want to suppress the "unused variable" warning which various compilers produce on this code, with
(void) dummy;

The initial 0, is included to avoid an error if the function is given no arguments other than msg. I also reordered your function's parameters to put the pack last, so that the types in the pack can be deduced.


This is the home page for Delta County students, parents, and teachers. If you need to access PowerSchool to check your students academic progress you can do that through this website; go to the "parents" or "students" link. If you have difficulty accessing PowerSchool you can contact your child's teacher, or any administrator. School calendars are also available through this website!
This public library website has excellent academic search engines that will provide you information you know is accurate. Once you connect to the site, click on the side bar label "Databases & Research" then "Databases A-Z". The following databases will be useful to student research: Ask Colorado, Colorado Government Publications, Colorado Historic Newspapers Collection, EbscoHost, Grolier Online, Science Reference Center, and Student Resource Center.
2. Scroll down until you find "EbscoHost" and click on it.
5. Click on the article title that you are interested in looking at.
If you're creating a website for National History Day, you must use this website. It is free, just create your Username and Password.
Go here to create your account/username. Talk to Mrs. Shelton or Ms. Eck to get your password! Make sure to write this information down on the CFES handouts, so you REMEMBER your username and password. You can access this website from any computer, so feel free to check out the "Career Clusters" and "Interest Inventories". Start planning for your future - nothing is set in stone - so make several plans! You can do it!
Checkout all search engines connected with EBSCO - they are excellent! If you need to check out a book or reserve on, go to the home page :) Talk to Mrs. Hancock if you need a library card!
This is the national site for important documents, letters, maps, photographs, etc.
4. Under the search box click "Search Options" – You are NOW in the Archival Research Catalog!! Wahoo!
6. Use the attached sheet to help narrow your search in the "Digital Copies".
7. Make sure you do the proper citation – refer to your MLA citation page.
Videos, games, activities and stories from National Geographic kids. You can also link to the larger National Geographic website. An excellent site to engage with the five themes of geography!
While some of the articles on the site are geared towards a younger crowd, the 6th grade articles are definitely still a solid read for most 7th graders. This is another site that could be good for students who are having a tough time reading nonfiction!
Like the Denver Post, this paper has fine news coverage, however, the advertisements are a little distracting. A good paper to catch up on western slope news.
The website for our local paper. New editions of the paper are physically published every Wednesday, available at DMS and surrounding Delta businesses. A good source for local news!
Another student friendly site that shares the latest news. Also includes games to test student skills in different academic areas. I JUST BUMPED THIS UP TO A FIVE STAR SITE... YOU CAN DOUBLE CLICK ANY WORDS THAT YOU DON'T KNOW AND THE SITE GIVES YOU A DICTIONARY DEFINITION - AWESOME!!
You can check the daily news here. There are some advertisements that are distracting, but this paper does a good job covering Colorado news, as well as national news.
A student appropriate source for breaking international and national news. Also includes homework help and games.
A website that connects students, parents and teachers to the notable New York Times newspaper.
This is a good starting place for exploring the History Channels website. Learn "why history matters" by hearing, seeing, and playing on the site!
An interactive site that looks into the lives of ancient civilizations - including the Egyptians, the Greeks, the Romans, the Incas, and the Mayans.
General information on Constitution Day, September 17th, and an introduction to the purpose of the U.S. Constitution.
Can you pass the test to become a U.S. citizen? It may be harder than you think!
A quiz on the Constitution - do you know what it's all about?
This website explains and shows important map terms such as, hemisphere, equator, meridian, latitude and longitude. During the presentation there are questions to make sure you understand!
Free PowerPoints explaining map skills. Also includes many games and activities for youth to practice using their map skills.
Generate maps, pan across, and zoom in. Create theme maps showing natural disasters, population density, and other cool stuff. Print them out or email them to friends.
Need help creating a PowerPoint, Bibliography, Microsoft Document, or Website?
Excellent help! This explains and SHOWS how to do the following: 1) Creating Slides 2) Making Changes 3) Adding Images & Charts 4) Adding Motion 5) Adding Sound 6) Timing and Rehearsing your PowerPoint 7) How to copy it and take it with you!!
Only about two minutes long - definitely worth watching if you're making the video. You might not be able to access this at school because YouTube is usually blocked.
If you're having trouble creating your website go to this link for support. It helps answer all of your questions~!
This links you to an "index" or list of tutorials/lessons you can use to better understand Microsoft Word. Word is one of the most commonly used programs to word process - you use it write essays, papers, speeches, make fliers, and to create bibliographies - the sooner you know how to type and use Microsoft Word the better :) This will help!
Age of Exploration: Pirate's Cove!
Includes timelines, biographies, terminology, and picture relating to both pirates and explorers during the Age of Exploration (from 1415-1625). Very informative. "The Pirate King" as the author calls himself, appeared on the History Channel in 2006.


Call our office as soon as possible if you are having any issues with your braces so that we can coordinate an appointment for you to be seen. If you have a regular appointment scheduled, still call to ensure enough time to do both your adjustment and repair.
The following tips will temporarily help until you can come into the office.
The lips, cheeks and tongue may experience some discomfort for the first week or two as they become accustomed to the surface of the braces. For general achiness of the teeth, acetaminophen or other non-aspirin pain relievers may be taken. Warm salt-water rinses can also offer relief. Mix one teaspoon of salt in an 8-ounce glass of warm water, and rinse for 30 seconds twice daily. A warm washcloth or heating pad placed on the outside of the jaw can also alleviate tenderness.
As the teeth start to move, the archwire may begin poking near the back of the mouth or irritating the cheeks. Misplaced or poking archwires and wire ties can also sometimes cause irritation. You can try moving the wire into a better position with a pencil eraser or a Q-Tip. Often, you can even use tweezers to gently move the misplaced wire or tie that is causing problems. Additionally, try placing wax over the poking wire. To help the wax stay in place, dry the area first with a paper towel, then kneed the wax to make it more pliable and put it on the wire.
As a last resort, if the wire will not move, you may be able to cut the end off with a nail clipper sterilized in alcohol — but before doing so, please call our office so one of the doctors can guide you through this. If the end of the wire is still sharp, place wax on it until you can make it back to the office.
These problems are often caused by eating hard/sticky candy or foods or by playing with the braces. If the band or bracket is still attached to the wire, leave it in place and put wax on it, if needed, for comfort. DO NOT connect any elastics (rubber bands) to it until repaired! If the bracket or band has come completely off the wire, please save it. Place it in an envelope and bring it to your next appointment.
Loss of a separator can happen as space opens causing the separator to fall out. If this happens, call our office to see if it needs to be replaced before your next appointment.
Step 1 – Compress the spring.
Step 2 – Line up the compressed spring with the push rod and slide the rod back into the spring.
If you have trouble re-engaging the spring, or if something has broken on the spring and cannot be re-engaged, you can temporarily secure it with elastics (rubber bands) or dental floss. (See above photo.) If the spring or the push rod entirely disconnects, remove the loose piece from the mouth to avoid swallowing it. Place it in an envelope and bring it to your next appointment.
Rubber bands, also called elastics, are an essential tool for moving your teeth and jaw into the proper alignment. It is imperative to wear them correctly to avoid any setbacks in your treatment.
If you need any additional assistance, please do not hesitate to call us at 614-888-4577!


text:
Elizabeth Neira Calderón (Santiago, 11 de enero de 1973) es una poeta, periodista y artista visual chilena.

Biografía

Nació el 11 de enero de 1973 en una población en la comuna de San Miguel de la ciudad de Santiago, donde se interesó por el arte y la escritura desde pequeña y vivió su educación escolar. Estudió periodismo en la Universidad de Chile.

Mientras estudiaba en la universidad trabajó en el diario La Época cubriendo las páginas de cultura. Posteriormente ejerció el periodismo en varios diarios y revistas como Patrimonio Cultural y La Noche Rocinante hasta que comenzó a escribir para el diario El Mercurio, cubriendo la actividad cultural. Por otro lado, participó en talleres de escritura dirigidos por Gonzalo Millán y Carmen Berenguer.

Desde el 2000 en adelante ha desarrollado su obra artística. Un hito en su carrera fue la publicación de su poemario Abyecta el año 2003, de contenido erótico y crítica social, con el que ganó la beca Fondart para desarrollar la vídeo instalación Abyecta Poesía en Expansión, exhibida en el Centro Arte Alameda en enero y febrero de 2004. Con las lecturas en dicha instalación comenzó a realizar performances.

Posteriormente ha exhibido su obra visual y realizado performances y lecturas poéticas en distintos países de América Latina y Europa y colaborado con distintas artistas latinoamericanos. Su obra ha sido adaptada al teatro y la música.

Además, ha participado en proyecto de editoriales independientes en Chile y otros países de Latinoamérica, ejercido la docencia en talleres en México, Ecuador, Chile y Argentina; escrito crítica cultural para catálogos de artistas como Patricia Cepeda y Claudio Correa y coordinado residencias de arte de acción en el proyecto CasAcción en Valparaíso.

Actualmente realiza encuentros de poesía y performance a través de su productora de arte independiente, mantiene talleres de performance en Santiago y dirige la microeditorial Abyecta Ediciones Rabiosamente Independientes.

Obra
Realiza performance, collage, poesía y creación de objetos con una propuesta ética, estética y política unificada, en la que su vida personal y posturas políticas tienen una gran influencia. Sus obras suelen tener un contenido crítico a la situación social,  política y al sistema económico fuerte neoliberal existentes en América Latina y Chile. La desigualdad económica, el clasismo, la institucionalidad estatal y la idiosincrasia conservadora chilena son algunos de los temas que abordan sus creaciones, en las que también existe una crítica feminista y decolonial.

Sus obras suelen tener el cuerpo como un eje de experimentación y expresión y en sus performances suele haber utilización de desnudos, música, disfraces y objetos fuertemente simbólicos.

Sus obras son creadas de forma autónoma y fuera de instituciones y circulan en Chile y América Latina por medio de encuentros y festivales independientes, festivales políticos, charlas en universidades y centros culturales, fiestas temáticas, lecturas poéticas, la auto publicación, la producción literaria en editoriales independientes y manifestaciones en el espacio público. Además, expone usualmente a través de internet vídeos de sus performance y fotografías de sus obras visuales, que en algunos casos vende a través de este (Neira, 2017, La tiendita del arte).

Su formación como artista ha sido, en sus palabras, autodidacta y a partir las conversaciones que mantuvo con artistas consagrados y jóvenes con los que dialogó mientras trabajaba como periodista.

Ha colaborado con distintos artistas, entre ellos, en performance con la artista argentina Anabel Vanoni y con los performistas Luis Almendra y Nadia Benavides y en fotografía con Jorge Aceituno, Paz Errázuriz y Rudy Pradenas. Ha leído poesía junto a David Aniñir y Lucrecia Galvez, trabajado en cine con Francisco Huichaqueo en Antilef y junto a los músicos Dulcidio, los argentinos Valeria Cini y Nacho Marchiano, Rodrigo Hidalgo de los Parkinson, Mario Zeta y La Fusa.

Ha participado en encuentros de poesía y performance en Chile, Perú, Argentina, México, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Brasil, República Dominicana, Canadá, España y Suecia y publicado en antologías de Chile, Argentina, Perú, México y España.

Referencias

Nacidos en Santiago de Chile
Artistas de Chile
Poetisas de Chile
Alumnado de la Universidad de Chile
Mujeres periodistas de Chile


So I'm getting pretty bad at this whole blogging regularly again. I actually really want to write about things on here and this week a thought came into head... I love music, and I enjoy blogging. So why not blog about undiscovered artists, or thoughts on new albums and songs. Maybe not 100% about music (I'll still blog about other things) but why not?
I'm constantly finding out about new artists and I if they're good then I just want to tell everyone about them and I figured this could be a good place to do that.
In the past I've already done it a little (5SOS, Common Ground, Haim etc.) but I've decided I'm going to make it a more regular thing.
I'm currently working on my first of these posts. I have to do a little bit of research on one of the artists but I'm hoping it will be up tomorrow.
Do you think this could be a good idea?
I Just Want To Stay Here And Have A Good Time.


The Tier 5 Youth Mobility Scheme (YMS) allows citizens of Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Hong Kong, Taiwan, the Republic of Korea, Monaco, and Japan (you need to be sponsored if you're from Taiwan, Hong Kong or the Republic of Korea) to work and live in the UK for two years.
The Tier 5 visa allows you to work in most jobs, except playing or coaching a professional sport or working as a doctor in training. Once in the UK, you cannot extend the YMS unless you return home to apply for entry clearance through a different visa.
Applicants must be 18 to 30 (if you turn 31 while you're in the UK, you can stay for as long as your visa is valid), must have £1890 in their bank account and may not bring any dependents with them.


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Stay connected to your business from anywhere. Like, Monponsett, Massachusetts. Sharp hi-res images let you see what's happening, day or night.


On the Shelf | Occupy M.E.
I recently read Spillover by David Quammen, a book about human diseases that originate in animals. ME/CFS is not mentioned in the book, but a passage about the origin of HIV struck very close to home.
At the far end of the lab was another doorway, this one hung with a blue curtain. Professor Kabongo pushed the curtain aside and I followed him into a specimen pantry, narrow and tight, lined with shelves and cabinets along one side. The shelves and cabinets contained thousands of dusty paraffin blocks and old microscope slides. The paraffin blocks were in stacks and cartons, some of the cartons dated and some not. It appeared to be organized chaos. Spillover by David Quammen, p. 411-412.
The image of thousands of samples piled here and there, forgotten and left to collect dust in a hospital of a poor country, reminded me of ME/CFS. One million patients: ignored, forgotten, and left to moulder on a shelf until one day – hopefully – a researcher comes looking for clues. That's how I feel as an ME/CFS patient. I've gone through successive baths of major setbacks and treatment attempts that failed, and each one leached more life out of me. Instead of water removed by methanol, it is life and hope that is drawn out of patients, over and over and over. At some point, most of us shift from expecting to recover to simply waiting. We are like those paraffin-encased samples: inert, out of sight, unimportant. I see the room of dusty shelves of one million patients waiting for something to change. Each sample is a life frozen in time, enduring year upon year of exile.
I think this is what drives some of us to take drastic measures. We lash out at the government, we contemplate suicide, we scream and stamp our feet and wave our arms. We cannot accept personal and scientific abandonment. We will do ANYTHING to get off that dusty shelf. It is hard to understand the fury if you have never been left on a shelf to wither and die, but it is also true that fury can overwhelm and carry us away. We don't always manage to target our efforts strategically. It looks crazy. Sometimes it IS crazy.
But ME/CFS patients have to choose: Will I endure a silent existence on a forgotten shelf, gathering dust until I die? Or will I channel the spark of rage and knock the shelf down?
This entry was posted in Commentary, Occupying and tagged coping, hope, living with, occupy, politics, protest, speaking out, stress, suffering. Bookmark the permalink.
Anger, frustration and rage are powerful emotions to set things in motion, but you cannot let them determine the direction of your actions. I can't help but notice that in many cases patients are barking up the wrong trees.
And now in a bit of shameless self-promotion I will link to an article, Is The ME/CFS Movement Ready For The Next Phase?, I wrote almost 2.5 years ago.
A very powerful article, Jennie. I agree, we need to channel our frustration and make our voices heard in a rational way, clearly make our case to maximize our chances of being taken seriously. One million lives are far too many to waste, and one million voices can be a chorus too powerful to ignore.
I just discovered your website, Jennie. THANK YOU! You describe our plight so well… I've been suffering with ME/CFS for going on 10 years now, and for almost 8 of those years I had no idea what I was suffering with… even after going to a vast array of doctors over the course of that time.


text:
Ashted (alternatively spelt Ashstead and Ashtead) is an area of Birmingham in the United Kingdom, within the ward of Nechells. The area is located approximately  north-east of Birmingham City Centre near to the city's Eastside district, and forms the western extremity of Duddeston.  It is within the boundaries of Nechells Green, and provides mainly estate and high-rise residences.

History
The settlement takes its name from the physician John Ash, who leased the property from Sir Lester Holte and in 1771 built a grand house surrounded by fields, gardens and orchards.  He never occupied the house, selling the lease to John Brooke, a Birmingham attorney.  Brooke laid out streets and divided the property into parcels with the intention of bringing wealth to the area; many affluent entrepreneurs were living in Birmingham during the Industrial Revolution.  In 1791, after Brooke added a cupola, Dr. Ash's house was opened as the church of St James the Less.  The Ashted Barracks were erected next to the church in 1791 following the Priestley Riots. In 1809, the church passed into a trust and was consecrated in 1810.

Thirty-eight years later, in 1848, Samuel Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England counted the population as approximately 25,000, and stated that the settlement's proximity to the city centre gave huge advantage to trade and industry.

Towards the end of the 19th century, the status of the area dropped and it became a high-density working class area, with many slums.

The church was demolished in 1956, having sustained heavy bombing during World War II.

Transport
The A47 Jennens Road crosses  The Middleway at Ashted, located between Dartmouth Circus via Dartmouth Middleway; and via Lawley Middleway, Garrison Circus.

Ashted Tunnel on the Digbeth Branch Canal provides water transport under the A47 Jennens Road.

References

Areas of Birmingham, West Midlands