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Over the past years, many commentators, researchers, and even politicians have become deeply concerned with the direction where social media giants are heading. One of the recurring talking points raised by some observers is the call for social media companies to be politically and socially "responsible." Coinciding with this, we have witnessed social media platforms radically increasing their interventions and shifting their role from a neutral service provider to a clinical content curator as if modern humans have lost the last bits of their agency to these platforms and their algorithms.
Mainstream politicians, especially those with left-leaning and progressive positions, seem to be especially concerned about hate speech, online harassment, fake news, racism, and offensive content creating a culture of fear and intimidation in the online sphere. There is also this increasingly more popular narrative that these platforms radicalize people just by algorithmically steering them into the world of conspiracies, vague ideas, and political paranoia. Humans, as some seem to think, do not act, but instead, platforms have taken over the world. On the other hand, part of the political right, especially conservatives, classical liberals, and libertarians, have blamed platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Google, and Youtube for politically motivated censorship, excessive political correctness, and content manipulation. There is a constant stream of news of people being banned and censored for seemingly trivial and undisclosed reasons. One of the most notable facts is that although this has been going on for a long time, this trend has been accelerated by Brexit, the election of Donald Trump and the emergence of alternative media.
The question that has not been asked is what has happened in the last couple of years that would justify such countermeasures – such as purging digital content or deleting accounts – at such large-scale. What we are witnessing is a messy international phenomenon in which opposing and conflicting social and political trends meet real-life organizations, management fashions, new modes of content creation and distribution, and rapidly emerging technologies. It is time to take a look at what is going on and to make some initial observations on the current trends. We should understand better where we stand, why, and what might lay ahead for the social media platforms in the years to come.
In January 2019, Kirsten Grind and John D. McKinnon at The Wall Street Journal reported that something strange is going on in the world of social media. Social media companies seem to be actively consulting outside parties and groups about their online content moderation policies.
"The world's biggest social-media [sic] companies, under fire for failing to police content on their sites, have invited an array of outside groups to help them figure out who should be banned and what's considered unacceptable."
Last year Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg proposed that "Facebook will introduce an independent body that will oversee appeals about content decisions," per QZ. The supreme court of Facebook would define and decide, based on Facebook's policies and applicable extralegal frameworks, what kind of content is appropriate, and what is not.
In early 2019, Facebook published an official statement about setting up an independent oversight board for its content decisions. "As we build out the board we want to make sure it can render independent judgment, is transparent and respects privacy," the statement said. Indeed, involving those groups into the discussion and decision-making that criticize companies like Facebook seems to be a reasonable thing to do. About a week ago, Facebook published the results of the global consultation. To a critical observer of the ongoing corporate social responsibility trend, this seems like a "responsible" step to take. However, it would be intellectually sloppy to expect that significant tensions are defused soon.
Figure 1. Some example cases from Facebook's in-person consultation and the role of the Facebook Oversight Board. 1)Source: Global Feedback & Input on the Facebook Oversight Board for Content Decisions
The matter of fact is that social media companies have become seemingly aggressive in their efforts to enforce their content policies, and furthermore, many critical social media platforms have created a complex web of rules whose implementation and enforcement cannot be known beforehand. Community guidelines and supporting policies are being constantly re-interpreted so that content creators and users are always on their toes and never know what to expect to happen. Recently Youtube took harsh action against several accounts, and for example, several journalists and educators were targeted mistakenly as well. Previously it seemed like that platforms and users understood that sharing links and videos about controversial political, social, and economic issues did not mean that you personally endorse or promote those particular views. Things have changed, and nowadays, the guilt of association is taken for granted. Today social media platforms will take action and ban and delete users that are perceived to share "borderline" content, and now people have the possibility to flag content at a massive scale so anything slightly questionable or problematic might be taken down.
Why has the situation changed so drastically, and more importantly, why now? It seems that some of the biggest social media companies have moved away from their role as neutral players into the fuzzy world of idealism, internally different sensitivity to social responsibility and social justice agenda. Silicon Valley tech giants have been blamed for political bias. While this line of criticism has been very US-centric, some European commentators have already noted that its troublesome to see that corporations act as moral arbiters and limit free expression and impose strict requirements on users. The situation is quite tricky, and there is a lot of work to do to make sense of what is going on. Various organizational actors likely perceive the situation in different ways, depending on their tasks. However, some recent observations with insights from organization science and economics can help in hypothesizing the situation and tensions that these companies are facing right now.
We see a complex blend of different factors in play right now. First, harshly enforced but uncertain platform-specific rules and policies, and the fear of concrete legal sanctions play a significant role in the corporate sensemaking and how various actors inside these organizations might perceive the situation. There is a lurking danger of expanding the definition of questionable "borderline" content. While this content may not be de facto illegal or criminalized, content creators might find it harder to understand the actual boundaries of acceptable speech and behavior. Thus, entering the grey zone comes with potential additional compliance and enforcement costs that affect both the users and platforms. These grey zones or borderlines are tough to monitor as they are double-edged swords. Content creators can circumvent intended restrictions by relying on obfuscate language, but at the same time, platforms are enforcing even more arbitrary restrictions and labels. For example, harassment is an abstract concept, and it is not clear how it should be applied in every conceivable context. Regulations and consequently impressions of borderline setting may explain why it is difficult for organizations to stick with the idea of just abiding the law and not extending their activities into areas in which they are not comfortable operating.
Secondly, recent political polarization has made people more sensitive to every sort of emotional damage when facing opposite views, edgy humor, or critical coverage of controversial issues. People that are being triggered by the online content they see or hear demand platforms to take care of it. Society is being infantilized: not even adults are now assumed to handle their lives independently anymore. Platforms are necessitated to take action and assume the responsibility of purging online content as they might see that keeping the platform sanitized and hygienical is a question of life and death. Furthermore, any disappointed stakeholder now has the power to challenge platforms in public and demand actions to be taken. Attempts to manage these risks have caused so-called secondary risks when tighter community standards or their selective enforcement leave questions about potential biases unanswered.
Thirdly, to reiterate our point about corporate social responsibility, it is noteworthy how hard it is for companies to interpret and act on widely differing demands for responsibility. There is no doubt that the current discourse around corporate social responsibility is one of the most dominant themes in organizations and management. The contemporary view of ghost-like responsibility is not based on a solid theoretical or otherwise distinguishable and transparent framework. Even the term itself is heavily value-laden. It is used to legitimate the idea that organizations have liabilities to ideals beyond its legal boundaries and obligations. This obscurity has enabled a diverse set of ideologically-driven activists to contest and expand the meaning of responsibility. When used in making sense of corporate resources, customers, markets and strategy, discussion driven by responsibility can intervene with the crucial realization of the primary organizational goals. Responsibility has the potential to be translated into politicized perspectives that do not have any tangible bearings on the organization itself.
It does not seem likely that sudden enthusiasm towards social media censorship is an effectively implemented and centrally coordinated plan, nor does it appear as a purely random and soon-to-be corrected experiment either. More likely, social media companies and tech giants are facing a chaotically noisy environment, and they have not been able to make sense of the ongoing debates.
Technically-savvy entrepreneurs have built big tech companies during the last ten to fifteen years. In turn, severe social and institutional pressures towards these companies have been building up just for the last couple of years. At least this is the picture that an outside observer can notice only by following the international discussion around these matters. It would be no surprise if strategic management culture of big tech platforms with influential engineering culture finds it challenging to construct a balanced view of its value proposition, people and strategic challenges today taking into account the chaotic operational environment. Their actions imply that the perception of the problems revolve around technology and are not informed by the contemporary social and political discussion.
Please, bear in mind that we rely on publicly available information and can only speculate without confirmation from insider sources. The potential explanations that we offer here may well turn out to be realistic and truthful but not all-encompassing. However, our final point is to recall your consideration on why these companies have not remained the same as they were in the past. Why did they become engaged with an ambitious and adventurous virtue signaling project to steer content with such enthusiasm? Why did these companies change their mission so dramatically in tandem with the rise of cultural polarization, victimhood culture, and identity politics? How did we survive with the Internet ten years ago without censorship and restrictions of speech?
The internet, as we know, it has already changed dramatically from what it used to be just some years ago. Many people put too much effort into observing technological change and thus ignore the underlying organizational, political, and ideological forces. As we have demonstrated by our discussion here, these complex forces have indirect power to define the use and even essence of technologies. As human cognition tends to be adaptive to even dramatic changes, incrementally developing trends may remain unnoticed for long. Thus, we need to take some distance from the daily news feeds and pay more attention to the greater schema – the trends and mentalities that are shaping the social media platforms in the long run.
This article was co-authored by Thomas Brand and Thomas Taussi.
Thomas Taussi is a Ph.D. candidate at Aalto University School of Business, Finland. His research covers enterprise risk management, management control, and accounting. You can follow him on Twitter @thomastaussi.
Disclaimer: This article was prepared and written by the authors in their personal capacity. The opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the writers and do not represent the position or endorsement of any individual, entity, or organization which the writers have been or is currently associated.
Photo credit: opensourceway on Foter.com / CC BY-SA
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1. ↲ Source: Global Feedback & Input on the Facebook Oversight Board for Content Decisions
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Before joining Faye's, she co-founded About Face Salon and Boutique where she managed a team of salon professionals for 24 years. During that time, Mindy created a clothing boutique within About Face which often found her in New York and LA to buy the latest fashions. This is where Faye and Mindy would often end up getting together to share their industry secrets (and have some good laughs).
Mindy sold About Face to become a full-time Mom to her children, Elan and Sydney. Now that they are 14 and 18, she was eager to re-enter the world of fashion. So, of course, she contacted Faye.
Mindy is so happy and proud to be a part of this talented group of women at Faye's.
Hobbies: volunteering for local non-profit organizations, traveling with her family, and attending Broadway shows.


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The White Helmets – A VR Documentary Experience
2016-12-06 03:22 pm | Last updated 2016-12-06 08:11 pm
Screengrab via VICELAND/YouTube
Go behind the scenes on one of the most dangerous jobs in the world.
It's been called the most dangerous job in the world.
Every day there's the risk of deadly air attacks and sniper fire. Bombs reduce entire neighborhoods to rubble, killing thousands. But when the bombs hit, a courageous corps of volunteers rushes in to save lives.
They're called the White Helmets. Before the Syrian Civil War began five years ago, they were everyday people: bakers, students, carpenters, and engineers. Now they are ambulance drivers, paramedics, first responders, and search and rescue squads, digging through the destruction for survivors, sometimes using nothing more than their bare hands.
Russian and Syrian forces drop hundreds of bombs every day in Syria, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 470,000 Syrians since the war began. Against such huge figures, the White Helmets might seem small. There are only around 3,000 volunteers in their ranks. And yet, since the war's inception they have managed to save over 62,000 lives.
In addition to the myriad hazards of rescue work, a sinister new evolution in warfare tactics has made things even more dangerous for the White Helmets. The Russian Air Force and Syrian Arab Air Force have allegedly taken up the practice of so-called "double-tap" strikes, wherein they bomb a target once and then wait for first responders to arrive on the scene and then bomb it again, apparently targeting rescue workers and medical personnel. An estimated one in six volunteers have been killed or wounded by these types of strikes, resulting in the deaths of approximately 130 White Helmets since the war began.
It's a story that demands to be told: one of ordinary civilians, putting everything on the line to help others. And now, their story is being told like never before.
A groundbreaking VR documentary experience from Samsung, VICELAND, and Smart News gives viewers a glimpse of what it's like on the ground from the first-person perspective of the White Helmets. This third installment of Beyond the Frame, a VR documentary series, takes an in-depth, immersive look at the extraordinary heroism of the White Helmets against the backdrop of the Syrian Civil War.
This revolutionary new documentary style expands the bounds of traditional journalism, transporting viewers to the jarring reality that is Syria today through an immersive experience via the Samsung Gear VR headset. By transporting viewers to the streets of Aleppo, right alongside the White Helmets, Samsung allows viewers to explore the realities of the conflict in a way that was inconceivable before.
Watch The White Helmets and explore the work of these everyday heroes for yourselves.
Explore the full VR documentary on Samsung VR.
Layer 8 Samsung Vr

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: Linq Max: The cast to value type 'System.Decimal' failed because the materialized value is null I have a simple LINQ that gets the max value from table
decimal? taskId = dbContext.My_Tasks.Max(m=> m.TaskId)

It works fine when table has at least one record, but when table is empty it returns The cast to value type 'System.Decimal' failed because the materialized value is null
Now my question is: how to check on just one Linq if the table has records an return the max id?.

A: You can probably use DefaultIfEmpty, with a value of 1 in your case. Something like:
dbContext.My_Tasks.Select(m => m.TaskId).DefaultIfEmpty(1).Max()
This will produce a collection with a value of 1 if there are no tasks, and the Max of 1 is, well, 1.

A: Cast it to a decimal? before max()ing it:
decimal? taskId = dbContext.My_Tasks
    .Cast<int?>()
    .Max();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


It's hard to imagine a time when transferring a file involved anything harder than a click of a button.
But it did. During the Cold War spies of all persuasions had to risk life and limb in order to get the information they had acquired to their superiors.
During these tumultuous times spies often held the balance of power, with information on an opponent's military strength, movements or technology vital to strategic planners. This resulted in both the United States and the Soviet Union undertaking numerous and often highly elaborate espionage programmes to gain any and all advantages over each other.
One of the most common ways files and information was exchanged between spies and their handler was by the use of a dead drop system. This was a scheme whereby information was left by one individual at a non-descript location and picked up by another agent at a later time. Usually there was a signal between the two, such as a chalk mark on a wall, prior to the drop to indicate that a transfer was required.
This system was beneficial as it meant the two agents never had to meet face-to-face and so there was less chance of counter-intelligence officers catching them. However, if an agent switched sides and gave up their dead drop code then it could also be used in an elaborate trap to compromise the operational security of the whole group.
One of the most notorious Cold War examples of the use of dead drops was by the Soviet mole Aldrich Ames. Whilst a member of the CIA, Ames started working for Russia in order to fund his extravagant lifestyle, and sold out hundreds of American agents in the process. And he achieved all this by dropping off information in an unassuming mailbox on 37th street in Washington.
Popularised by just about every spy film Hollywood's ever produced, this involves agents discreetly meeting up with other intelligence officers to directly transfer information. Much more risky than dead-drops, if the enemy got intelligence on such a meet an entire spy ring could be rounded up in one fell swoop.
Many spies during the Cold War used, and were foiled by, this method of transferring information. Marian Zacharski is one example of this. Whilst living in the US he used his cover commercial job to gain copies of documents on the then-new Patriot missile, the M1 Abrams tank and advanced radar instrumentation.
Used to hide messages in plain sight, steganography employs the idea of security through obscurity to allow spies to transfer their information. Only the sender and recipient would be aware that a message was being sent, making it extremely difficult to detect by authorities unless they had been tipped off.
Microdots are perhaps the most famous example of Cold War steganography, though concealing messages in secret ink was also popular.
How would you have sent files as a spy?
Catherine Halsey writes for a digital marketing agency on a range of subjects. This article links back to Skype.


Bakhytzhan Sagintayev, the first deputy prime minister of Kazakhstan, will discuss Azerbaijan's transit potential in Baku next week, Almaz Burkutbayev, Kazakh ambassador to Azerbaijan, told reporters Feb. 12.
The ambassador said that Sagintayev will meet with Azerbaijani Prime Minister Artur Rasizade in Baku, as well as visit the sea ports, including the port of Alat.
The ambassador also said that the transit of goods from Kazakhstan to Azerbaijan and the transit potential of both countries will be the topic of discussion.


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Carlos Alberto Escudero Lavado (born 11 January 1989) was a Chilean association football. He played as midfielder.

Honours
San Luis de Quillota
 Primera B: 2009 Clausura

Deportes Antofagasta
 Primera B: 2011 Apertura

References
 Profile at BDFA

1989 births
Living people
Chilean footballers
C.D. Antofagasta footballers
San Luis de Quillota footballers
Chilean Primera División players
Primera B de Chile players
Association football forwards
People from Quillota

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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U.N. Report: Vatican Policies Allowed Priests To Rape Children
The United Nations heavily criticized the Vatican on Wednesday for what it said was a systematic adoption of policies allowing priests to rape and sexually abuse tens of thousands of children.
The devastating report published by the U.N. Committee on the Rights of a Child said the Vatican must "immediately remove" all known or suspected child abusers within the clergy.
It said the Holy See had "systematically placed preservation of the reputation of the church and the alleged offender over the protection of child victims."
In response, the Vatican said in a statement published on its website that some points made in the report were an "attempt to interfere with Catholic Church teaching."
The Vatican said it would examine the report thoroughly and reiterated its commitment to defending and protecting child rights in accordance with the U.N. guidelines and "the moral and religious values offered by Catholic doctrine."
The U.N.'s conclusions come after an unprecedented hearing in Geneva on Jan. 16 in which Vatican representatives were questioned by the U.N. committee.
Its recommendations are non-binding and the U.N. has given the Vatican until 2017 to report back. It criticized the institution for submitting its last report 14 years late.
"Well-known child sexual abusers have been transferred from parish to parish or to other countries in an attempt to cover-up such crimes," the report said.
It later added: "Due to a code of silence imposed on all members of the clergy under penalty of excommunication, cases of child sexual abuse have hardly ever been reported to the law enforcement authorities in the countries where such crimes occurred."
The U.N. report also denounced the Holy See for its attitudes toward homosexuality, contraception and abortion.
Source: U.N. Report: Vatican Policies Allowed Priests To Rape Children
Tags: Committee on the Rights of a Child U.N. United Nations Vatican
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There's no doubt in my thoughts that one of the most preferred weight loss device in Czech Republic today is Garcinia Cambogia. It has actually been in the public's sight for a year approximately. Last fall Dr. Oz presented it to be among the newest innovative findings in the field of weight loss.
Since then, garcinia's road to fame began. After a year the world went ballistic and now you see it almost everywhere. Everyone in Czech Republic is discussing it. Stars have actually admitted to using it to boost their weight loss initiatives.
The short answer is no. As a result of its popularity opportunist, deceitful people in Czech Republic try to make a rapid dollar on the innocent public. There have been a lot of suppliers closed down given that they were marketing fake garcinia products.
I actually wish you have not succumbed to their methods. There are a couple of ways to learn if the capsules that you are thinking about acquiring cost the cash or otherwise.
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The HCA, as in Hydroxycitric Acid, is the part that really aids you burn fat. This is the substance which tells your mind to feel fuller and as opposed to holding the fatty tissue, to start burning it.
Where to buy Garcinia Cambogia extract in Czech Republic?
I have actually been trying and testing lots of Garcinia Cambogia products. yet the one which gave me the best results was Pure Garcinia Cambogia. It's the most effective choice online.
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Utilized in several dishes– featuring curry– the fruit can be discovered in Africa, India, and the Far East and has been revealed to contribute to healthy red blood cells, to name a few things. On top of that, the high HCA content of the fruit, when correctly drawn out, can also give a dietary boost.
The market today is swamped with items which are laboratory-tested and refined, which is all well and good, but for some, specifically those with a perspective of medicine and physical fitness which is much more holistic and green in attributes, this can be off-putting.
Therefore, the fact that Dr. Oz suggests garcinia cambogia may be viewed as both a sign of and a feedback to the development in the natural motion in nutritional and nutrition circles. As an extract from a fruit, garcinia cambogia is as natural as it acquires, and can as a result both assistance you drop weight and stay with a natural or green diet regimen and lifestyle.
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char broil performance grill 4 burner
Comments Search This Blog. Damodaran advised investors to think about and adjust for: In closing, Damodaran offered some reassurance. When valuing companies, Damodaran emphasized the importance of creating a story to go with your valuation, about how your sector will play out after the crisis and whether your company will emerge stronger or weaker. "It is precisely times like these that matter most," he said. With so much uncertainty around companies' future earnings growth, cash flows, and even their ultimate survival, it's tempting to give up on traditional equity valuation methods. Multiples fell while companies and analysts attempted to get a grip on anticipated cash flows. All posts are the opinion of the author. Aswath Damodaran had some advice for the audience at the 73rd CFA Institute Annual Virtual Conference: Don't abandon valuation fundamentals during the COVID-19 crisis. Aswath Damodaran (born 23 September 1957), is a Professor of Finance at the Stern School of Business at New York University (Kerschner Family Chair in Finance Education), where he teaches corporate finance and equity valuation. I teach classes in corporate finance and valuation, primarily to MBAs, but generally to anyone who will listen. The company's stock fell to a new 52-week low of $292.47 on December 26. As a result, I happen to be at the intersection of three businesses, education, publishing and financial services, that are all big, … Aswath Damodaran, finance professor at NYU Stern School of Business, discusses the value in this market. Previously, she developed strategies for pension, endowment, and foundation fund clients at Equitable Capital Management (now AllianceBernstein), and she has also worked as an auditor for Coopers & Lybrand (now PricewaterhouseCoopers). Record credits easily using the CFA Institute Members App, available on iOS and Android. Pre-crisis historical financial data seem useless and there's a wide range of predictions about the economy and individual companies for 2020 and beyond. Find value in beaten-down stocks like Boeing as S&P hits 3,000 milestone Aswath Damodaran, NYU Stern School of Business Finance Prof., says the Fed focus is unhealthy. Damodaran singled out those linked to travel, consumer discretionary, and people-intensive businesses, those with high fixed costs, and young start-ups — and across the board, those with high net debt loads. Stop treating everything marquee investors say as the gospel truth: Aswath Damodaran. If you're wrong, revisit your valuation.". The common denominator for many of the worst affected companies was high up-front investment usually funded with debt. The same advice is true now, although market guidance may not be crystal clear. Aswath Damodaran Before coming to Stern, he also lectured in Finance at the University of California, Berkeley. ... and Boeing, a stock that has lost more than half of its market capitalization, as … I focus on valuation and corporate finance. Damodaran sees long-term opportunity in General Electric (GE) stock if CEO Larry Culp succeeds in offloading the company's underperforming assets and lowers debt. Regardless, intuitively, risk increased some. We promote the highest ethical standards and offer a range of educational opportunities online and around the world. All else equal, public markets are focused on expected future cash flows. New probabilities for the company's "Failure Risk.". The valuation volatility of the public markets will be reflected in private company valuations. 73rd CFA Institute Annual Virtual Conference. Professor Aswath Damodaran explains why he believes Nvidia, Boeing and GE stock will increase in value — January 9, 2019 Excerpt from CNBC -- "Investors can bet on names such as Nvidia, Boeing and General Electric as the markets attempt to stage a comeback, markets guru Aswath Damodaran told CNBC on Wednesday. report. Professor, Long Only, Macro. Damodaran believes that the stock price might decline further this year, but he would still bet on NVIDIA's long-term growth prospects. Taught by Professor Aswath Damodaran, one of the leaders in the field, Advanced Valuation is for analysts, financial officers, and portfolio managers seeking a deeper understanding of valuation, and the skills and knowledge to confidently make financial decisions. All rights reserved. And I'm guessing that will be true of the COVID-19 virus. To value the S&P 500 Index in the current environment, Damodaran recommends making adjustments to DCF valuation models by asking a series of questions: Because the possible outcomes for the above variables were so divergent, Damodaran used Monte Carlo simulations, rather than point estimates, combined with his base case to produce an overall distribution of possible values for the S&P 500 Index. Aswath Damodaran is the Professor of Finance at the Stern School of Business at New York University. Damodaran holds the Kerschner Family Chair in Finance Education and is Professor of Finance at New York University Stern School of Business. • For a stable growth firm, this would be Firm Value = CF to Firm (1 + g) / (WACC -g) • For a high growth firm, this would require that the cash flows during the high growth phase be estimated and discounted back. Continued. He told CNBC, "Let's face it, you can substitute for Apple (AAPL). Additionally, a high debt level of $115 billion and negative cash flows, further raised concerns over its liquidity crisis, sending GE's stock down to the ten-year low of $6.66 on December 11. Aswath Damodaran had some advice for the audience at the 73rd CFA Institute Annual Virtual Conference: Don't abandon valuation fundamentals during the COVID-19 crisis. "Go back to basics and the fundamentals and be willing to live with uncertainty. If you continue to use this website without changing your cookie settings or you click "Accept" below then you are consenting to this. She holds a BS in accounting from the McIntire School of Commerce and an MBA from the Darden School at the University of Virginia. How the crisis will affect revenues and company operations in the near term. March 18, 2020 at 2:34 AM Post a Comment. "This [COVID-adjusted] model gives you the tools to try to get your hands around where the index should be," he said. Required fields are marked *. Aswath Damodaran, better known as the "Dean of Valuation," yesterday in an interview with CNBC said to consider NVIDIA (NVDA), Boeing (BA), and General Electric … This year, archived recordings of every presentation from the CFA Institute Annual Virtual Conference will be available online, with additional insights and commentary published on the CFA Institute Annual Virtual Conference blog. Then there has to be an intensive focus on during and post-pandemic cash flows. 3 comments. "It's all going to be okay," he said. How the crisis will affect the business the company is in and its standing in that business over the longer term. Thanks again and look forward to your valuation for Boeing and Zoom. By taking the project, Boeing will increase its value as a firm by $4,019 million. The world's largest industrial conglomerate's (XLI) stock plunged drastically last year after the company reported a $23 billion loss for the third quarter of 2018. I teach corporate finance, valuation and investment philosophies at the Stern School of Business at New York University. He has been called Wall Street's "Dean of Valuation", and is … Aswath Damodaran has 34 books on Goodreads with 15246 ratings. Aswath Damodaran's stories. As a case study, Damodaran provided his valuation analysis of Boeing — a company whose revenues were already plummeting due to the mishandling of the 737 Max incidents and that was also hit hard during the pandemic because airlines are its primary customer base. Aswath Damodaran Save Changes Cancel Please note that the article that you are reading here was originally written on my blog and is republished in Seeking Alpha and other forums. Through video lectures, live online meetups, and a hands-on valuation project, students will learn how to estimate the value of any business, small … Will Tesla Acquire Skeleton Technologies Before Its IPO. You can't easily substitute for Boeing." He further added, "I don't think you can tar all these companies which have China exposure with the same brush.". This is problematic for the private equity world which, for the most part assumed responsibility for their quarterly portfolio marks. Aswath Damodaran, NYU Stern School of Business Finance Prof., says the Fed focus is unhealthy. About Me. Your email address will not be published. In the short term there was a clear perception in the public markets of enhanced risk. However, Culp's speedy divestment and spin-off actions have somewhat helped the company gain investor and analyst confidence. 7 In$capital$structure:$The$costof$capital$as$ "opCmizing"$tool$ The optimal debt ratio is the one at which the cost of capital is minimized The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible. in Management from the Indian Institute of Management. Professor Aswath Damodaran is currently a Professor of Finance at NYU's Stern School of Business. But treasury rates were falling, mitigating the slide in multiples. Though they had many naysayers during the crisis, growth and momentum outperformed value, according to Damodaran. Personal returns/net worth of Aswath Damodaran? Aswath Damodaran I am a Professor of Finance at the Stern School of Business at NYU. Practical analysis for investment professionals. Subscribe to Enterprising Investor and receive the weekly email newsletter. The public markets are assessing inherent risk of the pandemic in light of specific expectations for future cash flows industry segment by segment. Investors can bet on names such as Nvidia, Boeing and General Electric as the markets attempt to stage a comeback, markets guru Aswath Damodaran told CNBC on Wednesday. And not all market participants will have identical future expectations. BA looks good. Before coming to Stern, he also lectured in Finance at the University of California, Berkeley. Private company values must be similarly asses. If you are a fund manager, an investor, or simply a student of finance, you will want to read this book But the public and private market valuations have recovered and grown on balance. "It is precisely times like these that they matter most," he said. Aswath Damodaran I am a Professor of Finance at the Stern School of Business at NYU. Over a fairly long career the markets have been crazy during the energy crisis, the real estate induced recession in the mid 1970s, the recession in the early 1980s, the Black Monday debacle in 1989, the recession in the early 1990s and on and on. Damodaran started with a damage assessment of financial markets during the worst part of the crisis, from 14 February to 20 March, when the United States and Europe realized that novel coronavirus was not contained to Asia. 61% Upvoted. Just within three months, it attained a 52-week high of $394.28 on October 3. This thread is archived. View the profiles of people named Aswath Damodaran. Aswath Damodaran "Damodaran is a well-informed scholar with a gift for organized, clearly written syntheses of complex topics in modern finance. The worst performing sector? Everything I have learned about valuation has been in the context of a crisis.". Aswath Damodaran. I've said for many years that we value private companies and their expectations with a rear view mirror focused on valuation-date expectations in the public markets and private transaction markets. Bullet Points: Current valuation seems favorable (depending on the quality of EPS estimates); he likes tech and China related. SECTIONS. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. View my complete profile "You need to go back to the first principles of valuation. CFA Institute is the global, not-for-profit association of investment professionals that awards the CFA® and CIPM® designations. Select articles are eligible for Professional Learning (PL) credit. ... airlines and Boeing and that fear has faded into the background and it is part of the reason why these companies have been able to raise capital. Since December 26, Boeing stock has made a remarkable recovery with gains of ~18%, but it is still down ~13% from its 52-week high. Damodaran said NVIDIA is a long-term growth company, and the stock is currently available at an attractive price. more information Accept. Nvidia is undervalued and is a good buy for the long term, Wall Street's "dean of valuations" Aswath Damodaran says. The finance professor said that Boeing has been "punished for all the wrong reasons" due to growing concerns over the trade war between the US and China. With Investment Philosophies he provides the uncensored facts about winning in the market place. Summary. The finance professor stated that the three stocks are currently undervalued and can make a sharp upswing if the broader market trends higher. save. Hammond served for a number of years as chair of the investment committee for the Rockbridge Regional Library Foundation. Aswath Damodaran INVESTMENT VALUATION: SECOND EDITION Chapter 1: Introduction to Valuation 3 Chapter 2: Approaches to Valuation 16 Chapter 3: Understanding Financial Statements 37 Chapter 4: The Basics of Risk 81 Chapter 5: Option Pricing Theory and Models 121 Chapter 6: Market Efficiency: Theory and Models 152 "The cautionary tale coming out of this crisis is companies should be much more careful about pushing the financial leverage button to obtain growth," Damodaran said. On 13 March, the S&P 500 index was 2400 and Damodaran's median value was 2750, showing the S&P 500 was undervalued according to his assumptions. Join Facebook to connect with Aswath Damodaran and others you may know. The stock has made a sharp recovery in the last one month and is up ~30% since the December 11 closing price of $6.75. "You need to go back to the first principles of valuation. Aswath Damodaran holds the Kerschner Family Chair in Finance Education and is Professor of Finance at New York University Stern School of Business. Financial services, which fell 26% from 14 February to 1 May 2020. "This is the dark side of debt.". Your email address will not be published. View Aswath Damodaran's profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. Aswath has 1 job listed on their profile. › Stop treating everything marquee investors say as the gospel truth: Aswath Damodaran. Professor Damodaran received a B.A. NVDA: he bought it at $145 and still under water. The company's China exposure and broader market sell-off in December led to a massive decline in its stock. Traditional "safe" stocks with low P/E ratios, low momentum, and high dividend yields were actually among the least safe places to hide. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. How the crisis has affected the price of risk and likelihood of default by updating the ERP and default spreads. By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. Tags: Aswath Damodaran, CFA Institute Annual Conference, Coronavirus, equities, Investment Products and Asset Classes, stock valuation, stocks, valuations. Aswath Damodaran 46 Effect of Moving to the Optimal on Firm Value n Re-estimate firm value at each debt ratio, using the new cost of capital. By dissecting more than 36,000 public companies, nearly all in the world, by region, country, sector, P/E ratio, and dividend yield, Damodaran found that unlike other crises, this one was not a full-scale panic where all stocks were punished indiscriminately. Aswath Damodaran on Valuations amid COVID-19: "Go Back to Basics" ... As a case study, Damodaran provided his valuation analysis of Boeing — a company whose revenues were already plummeting due to the mishandling of the 737 Max incidents and that was also hit hard during the pandemic because airlines are its primary customer base. The best-performing industries ranged from those providing possible solutions to the COVID-19 pandemic, such as health care, pharmaceuticals, and biotech, with the possibility of generating profits, to low capital intensity businesses and those supplying everyday goods like toilet paper and food. What firms and sectors are in the eye of the COVID-19 storm? hide. As such, they should not be construed as investment advice, nor do the opinions expressed necessarily reflect the views of CFA Institute or the author's employer. Aswath Damodaran, better known as the "Dean of Valuation," yesterday in an interview with CNBC said to consider NVIDIA (NVDA), Boeing (BA), and General Electric (GE) for long-term buys. © 2020 CFA Institute. "Banks either live in reflected glory or reflected pain," Damodaran said. If you liked this post, don't forget to subscribe to the Enterprising Investor. The second-worst performing sector was energy, with a global demand shock combined with an OPEC supply glut causing Brent and West Texas Intermediate crude prices to decline 53.6% and 62.2%, respectively. Aswath Damodaran has a blunt message for companies considering an acquisition: "Don't do it." "I firmly believe that acquisitions are an addiction, that once companies start to grow through acquisitions, they cannot stop," he told the audience at the CFA Institute Equity Research and Valuation Conference 2018.. "Everything about the M&A process has all the hallmarks of an addiction." Kind regards. Julia Hammond, CFA, is a director in the Educational Events and Programs group at CFA Institute, where she leads the planning for a number of annual and specialty conferences, including the Fixed-Income Management Conference, the Equity Research and Valuation Conference, the Latin America Investment Conference, the Alpha and Gender Diversity Conference, and the Seminar for Global Investors, formerly known as the Financial Analysts Seminar. Just wondering if anyone has any figures so we can see if he puts his money where his mouth is with all the useful-seeming advice! share. Damodaran's optimism toward Boeing seems to be due to the company's huge order backlog and massive cash flow generating abilities. As a so-called valuation experts we look at the COVID-19 pandemic from business and valuation perspectives. My name is Aswath Damodaran, and I teach corporate finance and valuation at the Stern School of Business at New York University. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Aswath Damodaran 15 Tax Rate Estimates Boeing Home Depot InfoSoft Taxable Income 1397 2654 1685 Taxes 277 1040 707.7 Effective Tax Rate 19.83% 39.19% 42.00% Average Effective Tax Rate:94-98 20.44% 38.78% 42% Marginal tax rate 35% 35% 42% We will use the 35% tax rate to value Boeing and the Home Depot and 42% for InfoSoft. How to value companies during Covid-19, with Aswath Damodaran As the world grapples with volatile markets as a fallout of Covid-19, Damodaran, often called the … He earned his MBA and Ph.D degrees from the University of California in Los Angeles. in Accounting from Madras University and a M.S. Similarly assessed. Sort by. I am a teacher first, who also happens to love untangling the puzzles of corporate finance and valuation, and writing about my experiences. Professor Damodoran is correct. NVIDIA is among the most battered stocks in the semiconductor space over the last three months due to multiple headwinds including a decline in memory chip prices, softness in industrial and automotive semis, and the broader market sell-off in December last year. But to value the S&P 500 Index and individual companies, Damodaran urged investors to stick with traditional valuation tools with adjustments for the pandemic. On January 9, 2019, the closing price was $142.58, which is over 51% lower than its 52-week high of $292.76 attained on October 3, 2018. "When oil companies default or when travel companies and airlines refuse to pay on their loans, guess who's holding the loans?". "There was actually a rationality of how markets knocked down stocks," he said. Professor of Finance at the Stern School of Business at New York University was! To a New 52-week low of $ 292.47 on December 26 from Business valuation... 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" this is problematic for the most part assumed responsibility for their quarterly portfolio marks Enterprising and. And receive the weekly email newsletter CFA Institute is the global, association! To basics and the fundamentals and be willing to live with uncertainty by segment and is … Personal returns/net of. At $ aswath damodaran boeing and still under water for Apple ( AAPL ) which fell 26 % from 14 to. Have recovered and grown on balance same advice is true now, although guidance... And an MBA from the University of California, Berkeley s profile on,... Of enhanced risk crystal clear the broader market trends higher and the stock is currently at... Affected companies was high up-front investment usually funded with debt a firm by $ 4,019 million MBA Ph.D. Said NVIDIA is a long-term growth company, and is … Personal returns/net worth of Aswath Damodaran 2020 at AM...
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School Communications
The Glossary of Education Reform for Journalists, Parents, and Community Members
Created by the Great Schools Partnership, the GLOSSARY OF EDUCATION REFORM is a comprehensive online resource that describes widely used school-improvement terms, concepts, and strategies for journalists, parents, and community members. | Learn more »
11 Ways to Improve School Communications and Community Engagement
The Glossary of Education Reform was created, in part, to help educators communicate more effectively with their communities and stakeholders. The website currently features more than 500 terms and 150 in-depth entries on many of the most popular and talked-about school-improvement terms, concepts, and strategies in the United States. All of the entries are written for a general audience in non-technical language, and they provide a concise yet detailed introduction to a wide variety of educational topics. In other words, the Glossary is far more than your typical glossary.
To help educators use the Glossary as a school communications tool, we created the following guide. While the recommendations are focused on schools, any educational institution or organization will be able to apply the strategies. If we have overlooked anything, please let us know by submitting your suggestions here.
Link to entries on your website or blog. If you are explaining a new school-improvement initiative, whether it's project-based learning or professional learning communities, consider including links to Glossary entries on your website or school blog. Explaining the technical nuances of a new strategy in accessible language can take a lot of time and thought, and it often proves to be trickier than it appears. If our entries are relevant and useful to your school-communications work, let us do some of the work for you. You can link specific terms on your website or direct visitors to our entries if they want to learn more about a particular concept or strategy.
Incorporate entries into social media. Does your school have a Facebook page? Do you tweet? If so, consider posting or tweeting Glossary entries from time to time as a way to build greater understanding of specific school-improvement ideas. For many people, social media have become their primary sources of news and networking, and it's where they are regularly exposed to new ideas, readings, videos, resources, and innovations. And because people can like posts or retweet, social media helps to spread ideas through personal relationships, professional networks, and communities.
Reuse and repurpose Glossary content. All of our entries have been published under a Creative Commons license, which means that schools are free to reuse, republish, and repurpose all of our content, including excerpts, provided that the following guidelines are followed: (1) the Glossary of Education Reform and Great Schools Partnership should be credited as the original source of the content; (2) the republished or repurposed content cannot be sold or used commercially in any way; and (3) modifications to the content are allowed (even encouraged), but all modified content must also carry a Creative Commons license so that others can republish and repurpose it. That's right: Go ahead and use our content if it helps you out! To acknowledge the Glossary, simply use the CC license that appears at the bottom of an entry or add you can add the line "Adapted [or Republished] from the Glossary of Education Reform by the Great Schools Partnership" beneath on your website content or print materials (adding links where appropriate). Learn more about CC licenses →
Print and email entries. Do you have an upcoming community forum, orientation program, or event for parents and families? Consider distributing—through printed handouts, email, newsletters, or other publications—any entry or selection of text that serves your school's communication needs. Increasing understanding of new and proposed initiatives can lead to greater community support for your work. We have worked hard to create understandable introductions to complex topics, so go ahead and use them if they help.
Brief your school board and elected officials. In every school community, local elected representatives—whether they are school-board members, city officials, or state legislators—are among your most vital constituents and supporters. Making sure these community leaders truly understand what your school is doing—and why it matters for students—is one of the most important jobs school leaders have. Consider using or adapting our entries as needed when briefing your school board and local officials about new or proposed strategies.
Send journalists to the Glossary. The glossary was created in collaboration with the Education Writers Association, a national organization that supports education reporters, so journalists are one of our target audiences. What this means is that every entry was specifically created with journalists, editors, and media professionals in mind. All entries are factual, objective, and impartial, and many include a debate section that discusses the major arguments for or against specific reforms. The goal of each entry is to provide a succinct (as possible) overview of a topic, and how it works in real schools. For this reason, the Glossary can be used as a go-to resource when you are trying to explain tricky school-improvement topics to your local media. Either before or after an interview, for example, consider sending an entry to journalists so they have a substantive overview of a school-improvement strategy you may discuss and they may write about. You can also encourage journalists to quote or excerpt the Glossary in their stories whenever it's useful. Journalists generally welcome and appreciate resources that will help them write stronger and more accurate stories.
Create your own common or shared definitions. While school-improvement strategies typically share similar features, they are often designed and implemented differently from school to school. As you or your leadership team work to create shared definitions or develop a common understanding of certain terms and strategies, consider using the Glossary as a starting point. When creating definitions or descriptions of new initiatives, keep in mind that it's always best to use language that is precise and yet universally accessible. When both educators and non-educators alike can understand your descriptions, you have created communications assets that you can be used with multiple audiences. In addition, developing definitions in collaboration with a variety of stakeholders is a great way to promote greater voice and shared leadership in your school community.
Build your own online glossary. If you find that your school is using a lot of terms that may not be understandable to some students, parents, or community members, consider creating and publishing a glossary on your website that defines the common terms you use. Again, if our entries are useful when building your own glossary, feel free to republish or repurpose our content, or link to entries as needed.
Reduce or eliminate jargon. While common definitions and online glossaries can be very useful, the surest way to improve understanding in your community is to avoid jargon whenever possible. Consider using the Glossary to come up with alternative ways to describe and talk about your school-improvement work. For example, the term "assessment" is widely used in education. Even though most people are familiar with the term, it's still jargon because it may refer to wide variety of sophisticated educational, pedagogical, and testing practices. Instead of saying "assessing students," perhaps "evaluating what students have learned using a variety of methods such as X, Y, and Z" is more fitting for a given audience. Unpacking jargon can be a highly effective communication strategy, particularly when you focus your descriptions on what really matters—i.e., the goal of a strategy rather than its process. For example, saying " we're making sure your child has learned what she was taught" is likely to resonate with parents more than "we're formatively assessing your child throughout the year."
Have text-based discussions. Glossary entries can also be used in text-based discussions with staff, students, parents, leadership teams, and others. Text-based discussions are a great way to focus and structure a conversation, while also increasing understanding of a particular topic. For example, school leaders could hold informal focus groups as a way to solicit community feedback on school-improvement initiatives or learn how to improve communications with stakeholders. During a focus group, time could also be set aside for a text-based discussion about a particular strategy your school is pursuing. Discussions such as these often provide school leaders with powerful insights about how certain concepts and strategies are perceived, understood, or valued by community members.
Use the Glossary as an educational resource. When it comes to describing educational concepts in accessible ways or increasing understanding in your community, one complicating factor is that school-improvement concepts do not exist in a vacuum—they are always inextricably linked to other concepts and practices. For example, explaining the rationale behind a demonstration of learning will likely be much easier if your audience is also familiar with concepts such as authentic learning, relevance, or 21st century skills. The difficulty, of course, is that making these connections is complicated and can take a lot of time. The good news is that every Glossary entry contains links to related entries where readers can find additional definitions and discussions. Over time, these connections can build a more holistic understanding of certain topics by exposing their connections to other ideas and strategies.
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Crete is Greek's largest island. On Crete are large expanses of sandy beaches, but also tall mountain ranges. The island's love for gastronomy is a benefit for all culinarians, but there is also a depth of history across the entirety of the island. On southern Crete, on Frangokastello Beach, travelers can find a Venetian castle. On northern Crete lies Knossos, an archaeological site from the Bronze Age with a wealth of Minoan artifacts; the city was once thought to be Europe's oldest. Photo from Dawid Zawila.


He is playing a Medium Size Flute tuned to the key of A and made from Aromatic Cedar.
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I always felt like I didn't quite fit in. I turned to music at an early age. I began playing bass, guitar, and harmonica. I played on the road, nationally throughout the US during the 70's.
I have always had a passion for working with wood. I've built custom cabinets, collapsible drum stages and speaker cabinets. In the 90's my oldest son joined the band and we were ready to go back on the road again with our music. Then tragedy struck , Jeremy's son, Lucas, was diagnosed with Leukemia. Life stopped. We put everything on hold and waited. In the following year we were blessed with a miracle. We found out that Jeremy's second son, Andrew, was a perfect match bone marrow donor and, now, my grandson is better. He's living a normal life today.
It's funny how life sometimes guides you in different directions. During this time we still had band contracts to fill. Numerous personnel changes in the band led us to a guitar player by the name of Steve Bartha. The second practice he brought his Native American Flutes.
For me, it was love at first sound. I knew this was my calling. It was a perfect match between my musical gift and my wood working gift.
Now, years later, from our home and workshop in the peaceful woods by the spectacular Stockton Lake in Missouri, we make and sell flutes all over the world."
Jerry is playing a large Drone Flute made from Zebrawood. Drones are flutes that have two voices. You play your melody and the second voice accompanies you producing a surreal experience.
My two greatest joys are: Teaching someone to play flute and knowing that my music has touched someone.
Whether you play Native American Flute or listen to the flute, my goal is to have you experience flying. For me, playing the flute lets me fly. Listen to our recent CD entitled Glidin' in the Updraft and you'll feel what I mean by flying.
Music has played a tremendous role all throughout my life. All of my memories are attached to whatever song I was listening to at the time. The songs I write are inspired by my personal experiences. For instance: Myanmar Terra, off of our 3rd CD was written because of the way I felt when viewing the video's of the devastation in Myanmar(Burma).
My grandfather was adopted into the Assiniboin Tribe, but I am not a member of a federally-recognized tribe.
The Native American Flute is the only melodic wind instrument belonging to the People of this continent and the only instrument indigenous exclusively to the United States.
The Native American flute, while not common among all Nations, did indeed stretch from the west to the east. "Indian Love Flutes" have always been an important part of Native American culture.
Indian flutes are known for being made from aromatic cedar and other woods indigenous to the area that they were made in.
you the power and all things necessary to do what you have been called to do.
What have you been called to do?
Why Do We Make Flutes?
THANKS! I have no words for your treasure. I feel like a child!!. The flute sounds like heaven!! Today arrive at home.
I attached the picture that we just did. She is Esther my wife and singer. ...I hope that you understand my poor english, jajaja... I will try to rec something interesting with your/our winded treasure.
with Karen Sperling playing her Fretwell Flutes.
We are proud to be sponsors of the Talequah Native American Flute Circle and the Tsalagi Flute Youth Ensemble located in Tahlequah, Oklahoma. In the picture above, they are playing the special flutes we built for them. They are tuned to the same pitch (Key of C) and play in perfect harmony with each other..
If this is your first flute, look at the size of their hands holding their flute. Look at how far they stretch their fingers to play the flute. This will help you decide which size flute is best for you.
Now Playing: " Ulisi's Lullaby "
A lullaby written for my grandson, Eli.
If you are using your Phone or an Android, listen with SoundCloud.
If you are using your PC, listen with SoundClick. Download our music for Free.
We do not use PVC to make flutes.
Do not purchase a flute made from PVC.
PVC is a hazard to your health.
Click Here to learn about PVC (Polyvinyl chloride).
"If only this would happen, then,,, I could do it."


When finished, your child just hits the "Order button" which sends the story to the printer and …Viola! Your child's book will be printing in about thirty short minutes! There's only a little wait, and your child will have the pleasure of taking their book home with them!
Plus, it's reassuring for parents to see their child's improved writing skills, over time, each time, they create a new book! Bella was so excited and loved her book creation that she wants to be a (Storymakery) Young Muse member.
My immediate thought while visiting this story factory was how fun and educational a field trip this would be for elementary school, and kids of all ages! Children's Birthday parties and Girl Scout events are available too! Oh, and the good news is, adults can create awesome story books for loved ones as well! Count me in!
Please visit their factory at The Irvine Spectrum Center.


The Bible says that those who live a godly life will suffer persecution. We live in an orphan world with orphan values. Jesus told us that if people would reject Him, then they would reject us too. At some point in our lives, we will all suffer some form of persecution for Christ's sake. Since I live in the west, I wouldn't even try to dare to compare the suffering in my country to the persecution that is happening in many other places around the world.
Needless to say, God's grace will be sufficient in whatever level we need it to be for our circumstances. It is reassuring that we can rely on the Holy Spirit to rest on us when we are spoken evil of because of our faith in Jesus. In this KJV translation, the Apostle Peter actually says we should be happy if we are persecuted for the glorious name of Christ. May each one of us count it all joy when we suffer even a little bit for Christ's sake.
May our God and Father give us the strength and courage not to back down when people who oppose Christ oppose us. May we consider it an honor to suffer for His name!


Recent post-storm investigations have shown that typical A Zone construction techniques (e.g., wood-frame, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage light gauge steel or masonry walls on shallow footings or slabs, etc.) are subject to damage when exposed to less than 3-foot breaking waves, which is the current threshold for V Zone conditions.
Coastal A zone buildings that employ typical residential Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage and light commercial walls to elevate and support habitable space above the flood level will be susceptible to flood damage (see Figure 1). Laboratory tests and recent field investigations confirm that breaking wave heights as small as 1.5 feet will cause failure of these types of walls (see Figures 2 and 3).
Failure of wood-frame walls used to support a coastal building, which was subjected to shallow flooding, small waves, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage and floating debris (Hurricane Opal).Figure 2. Masonry walls destroyed by 3 feet of stillwater flooding and small waves (Hurricane Dennis).Figure 3. Failure of wood-frame wall, brick veneer, and windows as a result of 4 feet of stillwater flooding and small waves (Hurricane Katrina).
Other flood hazards associated with coastal waves (e.g., floating debris, high velocity flow, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage erosion and scour) also damage A Zone type construction in coastal areas (see Figures 4 and 5).Figure 4. Failure of A Zone type foundation in coastal area, not subject to V Zone conditions (Hurricane Fran). Damage to light frame walls due to floating debris and small waves.
The damaged home was in the third row back from a bay shoreline (Hurricane Ivan).NFIP flood hazard mapping is generally divided into two categories, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage V Zone and A Zone. In coastal areas, the A Zone category could be subdivided into "Coastal A Zone" and "A Zone." Base flood conditions in the Coastal A Zone will be similar to, but less severe than, those in the V Zone.
Base flood conditions in the A Zone will be similar to those in riverine or lake floodplains. The Coastal A Zone is not shown on the FIRM at present; Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage therefore, communities, designers, and owners will have to determine whether a site lies within a Coastal A Zone.V Zone design and construction standards are recommended in Coastal A Zones subject to erosion, high velocity flow, and/or wave heights greater than 1.5 feet.
Illustration describing A Zones in Coastal Areas Coastal A: areas with potential for breaking waves and erosion during base flood A: areas with shallow flooding only, where potential for breaking waves and erosion is low[End illustration]Coastal A Zone, Defined[Begin text box]Coastal A Zone: area landward of a V Zone, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage or landward of an open coast without mapped V Zones.
In a Coastal A Zone, the principal source of flooding will be astronomical tides, storm surges, seiches or tsunamis, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage not riverine flooding. During base flood conditions, the potential for breaking wave heights between 1.5 feet and 3.0 feet will exist (see Figure 6). Coastal A Zone design and construction practices described herein are not mandated by the NFIP, but are recommended for communities that wish to adopt higher floodplain management standards.
Because of the presence of damaging waves, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage V Zone design, construction, and certification practices are recommended for Coastal A Zones. Coastal A Zone construction should include:Use of open foundations (pile or pier) designed to resist all base flood conditions (waves, high velocity flow, erosion and scour, floodborne debris).
Where high velocity flow, scour, and erosion will not be experienced under base flood conditions, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage a traditional stem wall foundation may be acceptable – see Table 1. Elevation of the bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member supporting the lowest floor above the base flood wave crest elevation (see Figure 7).
Since waves Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage and debris will be impacting on the floor joists and other foundation elements during the base flood, do not follow current NFIP minimum requirements that allow the lowest floor's walking surface to be set at the wave crest elevation in Zone A.Figure 7. Recommended post-Katrina building standards in Coastal A Zones.
Use of flood-resistant materials above the level of the walking surface of the lowest floor (in the event that future flooding exceeds the lowest floor Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage level).Specification of connections between the foundation and the elevated building that are capable of withstanding simultaneous wind and flood forces.
Post-Katrina investigations found many Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage foundation-to-building connections to be deficient (see Figure 8). Figure 8. Post-Katrina investigations showed that many buildings were attached to foundation piers with light gauge metal straps. These straps failed in many instances. A stronger (preferably bolted) connection is recommended when attaching Coastal A Zone buildings to their foundations.
Use of space below the lowest horizontal structural member for parking, access, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage or storage only. Adding sufficient freeboard to allow parking beneath the building will not only reduce future flood damages, but will also lower flood insurance premiums.Use of screen, lattice, or breakaway walls if space below the elevated floor is enclosed.
Note: until flood regulations are changed, breakaway walls in Coastal A Zones must be equipped with flood openings.Additional guidance for design and construction in Coastal A Zones can be found in FEMA 499, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage Home Builder's Guide to Coastal Construction. The publication is a series of 31 fact sheets that provide recommended design and construction practices for foundations, connections, building envelope, etc.
Fact Sheet 2 summarizes recommended practices for Coastal A Zones, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage and references other fact sheets that provide more details.[Begin table]Table 1. Foundation Recommendations for Coastal A Zones (Users should read across from a foundation type to see under what soil and base flood conditions that foundation is acceptable.
Wave heights greater than 3.0 feet mapped as V Zone: fill, slab, crawlspace, Metal Roof Leak From Hail Damage wall foundations not permitted. Deep means sufficiently deep to withstand erosion and scour, including that induced by the presence of the foundation itself.


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» HOME » BOOKS » BIOGRAPHIES » GENERAL BIOGRAPHIES
How We Fight for Our Lives
SAEED JONES
By saeed jones
How We Fight for Our Lives by JONES, SAEED
H8N 1X1 514-365-2587 0 Opening
H2V 4G3 514-276-7651 1 Opening
J3V 5K3 450-653-0546 0 Opening
J4Z 1A7 450-443-5350 0 Opening
G2K 1N4 418-627-5480 0 Opening
J8T 6G3 819-243-9700 0 Opening
J7A 3R8 450-434-0202 0 Opening
H7T 1C8 450-681-3032 0 Opening
G1V 2L8 418-659-1021 0 Opening
G9A 6M1 819-840-2624 0 Opening
J6W 3Z5 450-492-1011 0 Opening
**A 2019 KIRKUS PRIZE FINALIST**"A coming-of-age memoir marks the emergence of a major literary voice…Masterful." —Kirkus Reviews (starred review)"An astonishing, unparalleled memoir…A rhapsody in the truest sense of the word." —Roxane Gay"Every single living half-grown and grown-up body needs to read this book." —Jacqueline WoodsonOne of the most anticipated books of Fall 2019—as selected by O, The Oprah Magazine; Marie Claire; Entertainment Weekly; Time; The Millions; Parade; Library Journal; Booklist; Refinery29; Pacific Standard; Good Housekeeping; Nylon; Pacific Standard; Goodreads; and more."People don't just happen," writes Saeed Jones. "We sacrifice former versions of ourselves. We sacrifice the people who dared to raise us. The 'I' it seems doesn't exist until we are able to say, 'I am no longer yours.'"Haunted and haunting, How We Fight for Our Lives is a stunning coming-of-age memoir. Jones tells the story of a young, black, gay man from the South as he fights to carve out a place for himself, within his family, within his country, within his own hopes, desires, and fears. Through a series of vignettes that chart a course across the American landscape, Jones draws readers into his boyhood and adolescence—into tumultuous relationships with his family, into passing flings with lovers, friends, and strangers. Each piece builds into a larger examination of race and queerness, power and vulnerability, love and grief: a portrait of what we all do for one another—and to one another—as we fight to become ourselves.An award-winning poet, Jones has developed a style that's as beautiful as it is powerful—a voice that's by turns a river, a blues, and a nightscape set ablaze. How We Fight for Our Lives is a one-of-a-kind memoir and a book that cements Saeed Jones as an essential writer for our time.
**A 2019 KIRKUS PRIZE FINALIST**
"A coming-of-age memoir marks the emergence of a major literary voice…Masterful." —Kirkus Reviews (starred review)
"An astonishing, unparalleled memoir…A rhapsody in the truest sense of the word." —Roxane Gay
"Every single living half-grown and grown-up body needs to read this book." —Jacqueline Woodson
One of the most anticipated books of Fall 2019—as selected by O, The Oprah Magazine; Marie Claire; Entertainment Weekly; Time; The Millions; Parade; Library Journal; Booklist; Refinery29; Pacific Standard; Good Housekeeping; Nylon; Pacific Standard; Goodreads; and more.
"People don't just happen," writes Saeed Jones. "We sacrifice former versions of ourselves. We sacrifice the people who dared to raise us. The 'I' it seems doesn't exist until we are able to say, 'I am no longer yours.'"
Haunted and haunting, How We Fight for Our Lives is a stunning coming-of-age memoir. Jones tells the story of a young, black, gay man from the South as he fights to carve out a place for himself, within his family, within his country, within his own hopes, desires, and fears. Through a series of vignettes that chart a course across the American landscape, Jones draws readers into his boyhood and adolescence—into tumultuous relationships with his family, into passing flings with lovers, friends, and strangers. Each piece builds into a larger examination of race and queerness, power and vulnerability, love and grief: a portrait of what we all do for one another—and to one another—as we fight to become ourselves.
An award-winning poet, Jones has developed a style that's as beautiful as it is powerful—a voice that's by turns a river, a blues, and a nightscape set ablaze. How We Fight for Our Lives is a one-of-a-kind memoir and a book that cements Saeed Jones as an essential writer for our time.
General biographies
Title: How We Fight for Our Lives
Release date: October 2019
Editor: SIMON & SCHUSTER
Subject: DIVERS
Devenir OBAMA, MICHELLE
Becoming OBAMA, MICHELLE
Mesure de mes forces : souvenirs de saveurs, de souffrance et de Paris(La) KAI ELLIS, JACKIE
How We Fight for Our Lives , JONES, SAEED
© SIMON & SCHUSTER 2019


The Black Leaf 'Globe' Percolator Ice Bong is a good looking ice bong with a unique feature: the globe perc, or ball percolator. It is made by the German bong manufacturer Black Leaf and is a sure eyecatcher when you place it at home or in the office. When you take a hit, the smoke first passes through the diffuser downstem into the water chamber, where the first bit of cooling and filtration is handled very effectively. After the lower water chamber, the smokes travels up through the globe percolator, a unique filtration device that is not seen very often on bongs. The globe percolator creates vigorous swirling of the smoke and water, which is very cool to see. But much more importantly, once the smoke enters your lungs through the comfortable mouthpiece, the smoke is exceptionally well-cooled and -filtered, so it is very smooth on the throat and much less harmful to your lungs, whereas many impurities (such as tar) that are filtered out remain in the bong water so they can be flushed out later.
But wait, there's more! If you think the smoke still isn't as perfect as you'd like, you can fill it up with ice cubes and use it as an ice bong! The three ice thorns just below the Black Leaf logo are specially designed for holding ice cubes and preventing damage to the percolator. The included glass bowl has a very practical coloured glass handle. It can be drawn out safely for the extra kick (this bong does not have a kickhole). The height of the bong is 28,5 centimeters, a very practical size; large enough to smoke comfortably and small enough to put away in any closet or cabinet. The bong and the bowl are made of high quality borosilicate glass, also known as "hardened glass" or "scientific glass" bongs. To say it briefly, the Black Leaf 'Globe' Percolator Ice Bong is a perfect bong buddy for peaceful days!
The length of the downstem adapter measured from top edge of the standard grinding is 120mm.


You must make your custom files on Noggit or you can get your maps modified parsed to Cata, MoP or WoD and convert this to Legion.
Now you must edit the PATH for your path folder of script file, after you save this.
After you must copy your ADTs files only from Cata/MoP/WoD to ADT folder and now you must click in the .bat. When this program closed, you must get the ADTs and put on the path folder patch (World/Maps/example/example.adt) in your World of Warcraft root folder.
Like the post if you like it! and sorry for my english.
Credits: Luzifix (Adt Converter), Arektor (Script 010editor of Wod to Legion), Me, Darkkang for make the tutorial and the .bat file and testing this.
Some times give one error, but if you enter again must work, if you did all well.
Try delete .wdt, .tex, wdl, _ocg, etc files and you must put .adt only and try again.


Stanzobol (Stanozolol) 50mg/ml (10ml vial). Steroids for Sale: Buy Steroids Online.
Check our more Stanozolol injection (Winstrol depot) for sale: 1) Stanozolol injection (Winstrol depot) 10 ampoules (50mg/ml) Maxtreme – 39$ 2) Stanozolol injection (Winstrol depot) 10 ampoules (50mg/ml) Alpha Pharma – 72$ 3) Stanozolol injection (Winstrol depot) 10ml vial (50mg/ml) Alpha Pharma – 72$ The effects of the anabolic steroid stanozolol on whole body and muscle growth and protein metabolism in the rat have been examined. No responses could be found in normal well-fed male rats. Female rats responded to 1 mg/kg per day with an increased body and skeletal muscle growth rate and an increase in muscle protein synthesis. The anabolic action on muscle protein synthesis was due to increased RNA concentration with no change in the rate of protein synthesis per unit RNA (KRNA). Investigation of any anticatabolic effects of stanozolol treatment in male rats deprived of food for 24 h indicated no response of protein balance and turnover. However, rats treated with catabolic doses of corticosterone (50 mg/kg per day) did respond to stanozolol with decreased muscle growth inhibition due to better-maintained muscle protein synthesis. The latter response was due to a reversal of the corticosterone-induced reduction of KRNA, but with no effect on RNA concentration. Thus there appear to be at least two effects of stanozolol; an anabolic action evident only in female rats, involving increased muscle RNA concentrations, and an anticatabolic action involving inhibition of the corticosterone-induced fall in muscle RNA activity. In both cases, stanozolol influenced muscle protein synthesis with no evident effects on protein degradation.


A volunteer action is like a stone thrown in a lake: its effect has a direct impact. At the same time, like ripples, volunteer efforts reach out far and wide to improve communities. Undeniably, volunteers rock!
The CAS of Haldimand and Norfolk is celebrating volunteers in child welfare this month. Our volunteers play an important role by sharing their time and talents to enrich the lives of our children, youth and families. You can contribute to a wide range of services, including: acting as a mentor, tutor or special friend, driving, assisting at special events or with administrative tasks.
Please contact Brenda Hunt at 1-888-227-5437 , ext. 298 for more information.


KUALA LUMPUR, April 22 (Bernama) — The Corporate Liability, a new provision that will be included in the Malaysian Ant-Corruption Commission (MACC) Act 2009, is expected to be tabled in Parliament by year's end.
Minister in the Prime Minister's Department Datuk Seri Paul Low Seng Kuan said drafting of the provision was currently in the final stage.
"Once it comes into effect, companies can be held responsible if their employees commit bribery under the amended act, unless they can prove that they have taken adequate measures to prevent it.
"We cannot jail a company, but we can fine them with heavier penalty," he told reporters after attending an event here, today.
Currently only employees who committed bribery would be charged if they were found guilty while companies were not liable for the crime.
Low added that the new provision was also expected to be a strong persuasion in encouraging more companies to sign the 'Corporate Integriti Pledge', a programme introduced in 2012 that aimed to combat corruption in the corporate sector.
Earlier when launching a book on 'Guide to Implement The Corporate Integrity System Malaysia', Domestic Trade, Cooperatives and Consumerism Minister Datuk Seri Hasan Malek said only 395 out of 444,544 companies that were active under the Companies Commission of Malaysia's (SSM) registry had signed the pledge up to last February.
"As such I urge more companies to come forward to sign it and practise the best business practices and principles," he said.
He said the SSM book to instill an accountable and ethical business culture besides creating a sustainable corporate governance can be uploaded via the website http://www.ssm.com.my.


Transformers Cyberverse - what time is it on TV? Episode 18 Series 1 cast list and preview.
The Autobot team must fight their way through Shockwave and his Decepticons to defend the Ark and awaken Optimus Prime and the other Autobots.