text:
\section{Introduction} \label{sec1}
Undoubtedly, energy saving and energy security have become major contemporary issues. We are facing an energy shortage that not only affects the world's economy, environment, and growth, but also results in global warming \cite{dileep2020survey}. A set of recent developments is about to change this picture and propose effective energy policies. These policies explicitly or indirectly create drivers that, from the point of view of business and end-users, are perceived to be any activity taken by the energy-efficient system created. In Qatar, the goal of the TARSHEED initiative is to raise awareness of energy-saving activities and the unnecessary energy use in the country as a whole \cite{kaabi2012conservation}. This has been achieved across a variety of advertising promotions, standards, and competitions \cite{tarhseed_qatar_2020}.

Smart metering is instrumental in collecting and analyzing energy market data \cite{WOUTERS201522}. The smart meter is an important tool for managing the energy consumption curve efficiently. This calls for a connection with the quantity of usage and the quantity of production, allowing for the substitution of flat-rate prices with better strategies \cite{osareti_2016_smart}. There is, therefore, a need for development and standardization of metering schemes.

One of the main elements of smart metering is tracking the volume of the system. This enables processing of unique data linked to each device without the need for aggregation algorithms. This is why smart plugs can play a significant role in the monitoring and operation of domestic appliances, where end-users mount them for each device at a fairly low cost, and thus, obtaining the benefit of precise calculation of power usage and home automation.

Throughout this sense, we introduce micro-moments, which are time-based time-slots where the end-user uses an appliance or occupy a space (e.g. room, corridor, hall, etc.) \cite{alsalemi2019ieeesystems}. This concept enables the extraction of different moments when the end-user engages in unhealthy energy consumption patterns, making it easier to classify and produce recommendations to enhance the energy efficiency of the household.

Throughout this article, we are presenting a micro-moment smart plug as part of the broader $(EM)^3$ project, which seeks to use artificial intelligence to achieve high domestic energy performance. The $(EM)^3$ smart plug enables real-time power measurements to be collected in addition to environmental information, such as temperature , humidity, and occupancy.

The remainder of this paper is structured as follows. Section \ref{sec2} outlines the latest research on smart plugs. Section \ref{sec3} provides a description of the broader $(EM)^3$ structure and its elements. The smart plug is described in Section \ref{sec4}, and data visualization scenarios are described in Section \ref{sec5}. System implementation results are expounded upon in Section \ref{sec6}. The paper is concluded in Section \ref{sec7}.

\section{Related Work}
\label{sec2}

In this section, an overview of recent developments to smart plugs is provided. First, Ahmed et al. proposed a smart plug prototype that measures power consumption in home energy management systems \cite{ahmed_smart_2015}. It is assisted by a Zigbee microcontroller. It has been demonstrated, from their findings, that the suggested plug absorbs less power and achieves better precision in contrast with the oscilloscope. In fact, the system provides the option to connect/disconnect the attached device from the power supply.

In addition, Hajahan and Anand have suggested an Arduino microcontroller-based smart plug that uses ENC28J60 for communication \cite{altaf_hamed_shajahan_data_2013}. This is powered by a split core style current transformer for non-invasive current calculation and an Android-based user interface.

To alleviate the problems of peak shortages, Ganu et al. have suggested a cost-effective smart plug that monitors the synchronization (by flipping on or off) of loads to the grid at on or off on times \cite{ganu_nplug_2012}. This is done with the help of real-time analysis and data collection \cite{arjunan_2015}. It allows off-peak and unpredictable scheduling by addressing user choice settings in addition to grid load conditions.

Another research relevant to in-device detection, Petrovic et al. suggested a smart plug for electrical load detection focused on the \cite{petrovic_active_2017} active sensing method. The input signal produced by the smart plug is modified before the output is calculated in such a way that more distinct real-time data is created. An artificial neural network is used to evaluate the approach to specify classification performance metrics; accuracy and speed.

Environmental control is another important aspect. That is why Gomes et al. have suggested a smart plug that is mindful of the environmental factors and awareness of the device resource background \cite{gomes_intelligent_2018}. The technique adopts a multi-agent structure strategy that helps the agent to react to any adjustments that arise and to communicate with other agents.

To make progress on the literature studied, the main contributions of this paper are summarized as follows:

\begin{itemize}
\item Modern application of the concept of micro-moments in the control of energy use.
\item Design and implementation of a micro-moment based smart plug for collecting contextual details, such as temperature, humidity, brightness and room occupancy.
\item The smart plug enables edge computing features, such as the identification of several devices attached to the smart plug.
\end{itemize}
\section{The EM3 Energy Efficiency Framework}  \label{sec3}
The Consumer Engagement Towards Energy Saving Behavior by means of Exploiting Micro Moments and Mobile Recommendation Systems $(EM)^3$ platform has been developed to promote customer behavioral improvement through increasing energy use understanding \cite{alsalemi2019ieeesystems}.
The $(EM)^{3}$ system consists of the following components \cite{alsalemi_access_2020}:

\begin{enumerate}
\item Data Collection: gathers data dependent on micro-moments for power usage and environmental monitoring \cite{alsalemi_classifier_2019}.
\item Classification: detects and analyzes abnormal energy patterns \cite{HIMEUR_2020}.
\item Suggestions and Automations: provides personalized guidance to end-users to endorse energy saving management activities coupled with recommended actions for environmental change \cite{sardianos_smartgreens_2019} .
\item Visualization: upload results, observations and feedback in an accessible and engaging manner via a mobile application.
\end{enumerate}

Sensing devices play an essential role in capturing data in a given datastore \cite{alsalemi_rtdpcc_2019}. They are used for wirelessly uploading collected data to a testing center at Qatar University (QU). The study lab consists of a variety of testing cubicles, some of which are installed with sensing instruments to the $(EM)^3$ storage server housed in the QU building. Each cubicle contains data aggregated from monitors, screens and table lamps.

The No-SQL CouchDB cloud platform is used to store customer micro-moments and usage levels, user expectations and resources, energy management guidelines and ranking ratings.
The dataset used in this study, Qatar University Dataset (QUD), is compiled in a micro-moment laboratory at QU \cite{alsalemi_rtdpcc_2019}. The set-up collects environmental sensors (indoor temperature and humidity, room luminosity and motion sensors) and power consumption for a number of appliances (i.e. light bulb, computer). Data is collected using wireless sensing modules that communicate in real-time to the backend. QUD contains data points divided by a couple of seconds each. The dataset was collected earlier before this work.

\section{Proposed System Design}
\label{sec4}

The $(EM)^3$ smart plug helps to combine both energy tracking at the device level and the environmental details of the current household space. Data on the energy usage of equipment is assumed to be the key piece of knowledge, whereas environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, luminosity and occupancy provide a background under which the knowledge on use is evaluated. The system is composed of two sub-units: the power consumption unit and the environmental monitoring unit.

\begin{figure*}[!ht]
\centering
\includegraphics[trim={0in 0in 0in 0in},clip,width=1\linewidth]{Fig_01.pdf}
\caption{Overview of the micro-moment smart plug.}
\label{fig:smart-plug-block}
\end{figure*}

\subsection{Power Consumption Unit}

Fig. \ref{fig:smart-plug-block} provides a description of the $(EM)^3$ smart plug. The power wire from the grid travels into the smart plug and goes to the extension socket where the appliance(s) can be worked. Smart plug modules calculate the current used by the equipment attached to the extension cord and compare it with the normal voltage of the nation in which it is worked. The HLW8012 intrusive power sensor was used to calculate current values up to 20A with 5\% tolerance.

\subsection{Environmental Monitoring Unit}

The environmental unit is used to measure temperature, humidity, luminosity and occupancy of a given household's room. The data is transmitted in real-time to the backend for further processing.

The HC-SR501 motion sensor is used to assess space occupancy and the DHT-22 temperature and humidity sensor operates between -40-80$^{\circ}$C and 0-100\% for ambient temperature and relative humidity, respectively. Also, the light sensor TSL2591, which can sense light in the range of 0.1-40,000 Lux. The sensors are described in Table \ref{tab:modules-table}.

In addition, real-time synchronization between the chosen micro-controller and the server side is accomplished where a delay of only a millisecond is required. Real-time synchronization is checked by matching the time stamp on the sensor-side microcontroller with the time stamp on the server-side.

Data obtained from various data collection programs were stored on the server side. Data fusion algorithms are used to obtain data and provide a full overview of the world \cite{himeur_fusion_2020}. In fact, it provides scalability if further sensors are to be installed. Instead, machine learning classifiers are educated on cumulative data where they can be used to grasp how energy use looks like \cite{himeur_2020_2}. The efficiency of such classifiers can be checked by measuring precision, memory, responsiveness, F1 score and accuracy, along with a confusion matrix \cite{himeur_2020_3}. The recommendation framework \cite{sardianos_rehab_2020}, focused on these algorithms, would communicate advice and recommendations persuading customers of energy from their smartphones \cite{sardianos2020data}. Once excessive energy consumption has been detected, suggestions are sent to users to advise them on how to reduce it. The simulation of energy consumption data, the use of existing datasets and the setting up of the actual environment are all used to check the validity of the recommendations provided.

In addition, since the smart plug can be connected to a socket extension, multiple appliances can be connected and identified. It can inhibit the accuracy of understanding what device absorbs how much electricity. For this purpose, we are focusing on the implementation of a range of appliance recognition algorithms to recognize the appliances used with high precision \cite{HIMEUR_2020}. It is noteworthy to mention that the internal power consumption of the plug is designed to minimally affect the overall consumption and multi-appliance identification is under-development.

\begin{table}[ht]
    \caption{Smart plug sensors}
    \label{tab:modules-table}
    \centering

\begin{tabular}{| p{0.2\textwidth}| p{0.5\textwidth}| p{0.3\textwidth} |}
\hline
\textbf{Name} & \textbf{Description} & \textbf{Components Used} \\
\hline
Energy monitoring & Measures appliances power consumption in Watts. & ACS712 invasive Hall effect current sensor \\

Occupancy & Detects whether room is occupied. Selected for accuracy. & AM312 motion sensor \\

Temperature and humidity & Measures indoor ambient temperature. Selected for cost-efficiency and adequate accuracy. and relative humidity & DHT22 \\

Luminosity & Measures room's luminosity in Lux. Selected for accuracy and wide range. & Adafruit TSL2591 \\

\hline
\end{tabular}

\end{table}

\section{Consumer Data Visualization}
\label{sec5}

\begin{figure*}[!ht]
\centering
\includegraphics[trim={0in 0in 0in 0in},clip,width=0.7\linewidth]{Fig_02.pdf}
\caption{The $(EM)^3$ mobile application: (a) the electric power consumption, (b) air-related consumption, and (c) appliance control screens.}
\label{fig:app}
\end{figure*}

After data collection and preliminary data analysis, data visualization is provided through a mobile application where users can actually see their consumption. In addition, meaningful information and data are provided to moderate users' behavior towards energy efficiency. In this way, the smart plug data is easily displayed and the signals behind it are shown.

The $(EM)^3$ smartphone device seeks to encourage energy conservation by visualizing smart plug data in real-time. Fig. \ref{fig:app} shows the main screens of the first version of the $(EM)^3$ mobile app. Line plots are commonly used to provide data along with a tiny overview that offers supplementary detail on the chosen device (as seen in Fig. \ref{fig:app}a and \ref{fig:app}b). Additional energy efficiency standards are shown in \ref{fig:app}a and ambient environmental information (i.e. indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, indoor illumination and room occupancy).

A data visualization analysis has been undertaken to evaluate the right visualization for energy end-users in order to improve the field of data visualization. Best visualizations for the current usage of energy data visualization are suggested\footnote{http://em3.qu.edu.qa/index.php/data-visualization-app}.

\section{Results}
\label{sec6}

This segment outlines the latest implementation and performance of the new smart micro-moment connection. In terms of configuration, the smart plug comprises a printed circuit board (PCB), a 3D-printed plastic casing, a connector and an extension of the outlet. The results are described for both system's sub-units.

\subsection{Power Consumption Unit}
As the current smart micro-moment plug requires several devices to be linked at the same time, it is of vital importance to incorporate an appliance identification program that can recognize each unit utilizing its power consumption signature. In this regard, we are presenting a simple but successful method focused on first detecting appliance events using a cepstrum-dependent detector defined in \cite{HIMEUR_2020}. Following, a combination of two time-domain attribute extraction algorithms, including root mean square (RMS) and mean absolute deviation (MAD) is used to identify each linked system utilizing observed events.

In this way, various machine learning algorithms are deployed to identify five types of appliances utilizing specific parameter settings, namely support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest networks (KNN), decision tree (DT), deep neural networks (DNN) and decision bagging tree (DBT). In fact, a 10 USD cross-validation contract has been used to test the existing device recognition method. Table \ref{CombPerf} shows the accuracy and the results of the F1 score obtained using the proposed summation based fusion technique compared to the use of the RMS and MAD descriptors, separately. It is clear that this fusion strategy can improve identification accuracy by 2.46\% and 2.38\% compared to MAD and RMS, respectively. In comparison, the F1 value was improved by 3.34\% and 2.59\%, respectively, relative to MAD and RMS. It is worth mentioning that smart plug device recognition capabilities are in the early stages of growth.

\begin{figure}[!ht]
\centering
\includegraphics[trim={0in 0in 0in 0in},clip,width=0.6\linewidth]{Fig_03.pdf}
\caption{Power consumption unit PCB.}
\label{fig:pcb}
\end{figure}

\begin{table*}[t!]
\caption{Performance of the proposed descriptor fusion used to recognize electrical appliances.}
\label{CombPerf}
\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{lccccccc}
\hline
{\small \textbf{ML} } & {\small \textbf{Classifier}} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{ \
{\small \textbf{RMS \ }}} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{{\small \textbf{MAD}}} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{{\small \textbf{Fusion}}} \\ \cline{3-8}\cline{3-8}
{\small \textbf{algo}} & {\small \ \textbf{parameters}} &  \ \ \ \ {\small
\textbf{Acc\ \ \ \ \ }} &  \ \ \ \ \ {\small \textbf{F1\ \ \ \ \ }} &  \ \ \
\ {\small \textbf{Acc \ \ \ }} &  \ \ \ \ \ {\small \textbf{F1 \ \ \ \ }} &
\ \ \ \ {\small \textbf{Acc\ \ \ \ \ }} &  \ \ \ \ \ {\small \textbf{F1 \ \
\ \ \ }} \\ \hline
{\small SVM } & {\small Linear Kernel} & {\small 89.05} & {\small 88.74} &
{\small 88.22} & {\small 88.74} & {\small 91.76} & {\small 91.59} \\
{\small SVM} & {\small Quadratic kernel} & {\small 90.22} & {\small 89.57} &
{\small 89.22} & {\small 88.57} & {\small 92.83} & {\small 91.57} \\
{\small SVM} & {\small Gaussian kernel} & {\small 91.63} & {\small 90.6} &
{\small 91.27} & {\small 89.71} & {\small 92.7} & {\small 92.23} \\
{\small KNN} & {\small K=1/Euclidean distance } & {\small 92.24} & {\small %
91.19} & {\small 93.24} & {\small 90.19} & {\small 93.95} & {\small 93.66}
\\
{\small KNN \ \ } &   {\small K=10/Weighted Euclidean dist \  } & {\small %
93.65} & {\small 92.33} & {\small 93.11} & {\small 91.96} & {\small 94.92} &
{\small 94.85} \\
{\small KNN} & {\small K=10/Cosine dist} & {\small 90.75} & {\small 89.43} &
{\small 89.75} & {\small 89.43} & {\small 92.87} & {\small 92.7} \\
{\small DT} & {\small Fine, 100 splits} & {\small 93.94} & {\small 93.69} &
{\small 93.59} & {\small 93.22} & {\small 95.63} & {\small 95.51} \\
{\small DT} & {\small Medium, 20 splits} & {\small 90.79} & {\small 90.17} &
{\small 90.44} & {\small 90.32} & {\small 93.44} & {\small 93.11} \\
{\small DT} & {\small Coarse, 4 splits} & {\small 87.92} & {\small 86.83} &
{\small 87.77} & {\small 87.4} & {\small 90.57} & {\small 90.41} \\
{\small DNN} & {\small 50 hidden layers} & {\small 93.25} & {\small 92.68} &
{\small 92.22} & {\small 91.55} & {\small 95.11} & {\small 94.78} \\
{\small \textbf{DBT}} & {\small \textbf{30} \textbf{learners, 42 k splits}}
& {\small \textbf{96.41}} & {\small \textbf{95.93}} & {\small \textbf{96.33}}
& {\small \textbf{95.18}} & {\small \textbf{98.49}} & {\small \textbf{98.32}}
\\ \hline
\end{tabular}

\end{center}
\end{table*}

In addition, the impact of the fusion strategy on the performance of the proposed recognition of appliances has been assessed. The findings indicate strong performance rates obtained by combining TD descriptors in respect to the DBT classifier (30 learners, 42 k splits) and considering three fusion strategies. It is obvious that the summation-based approach produces the best precision and F1 ratings. Specifically, 98.79\% accuracy and 98.52\% F-score were achieved by combining the number, while 96.98\% accuracy and 96.49\% F1 score and 97.43\% accuracy and 97.11\% F1 score were achieved by combining and multiplication approaches, respectively.

In terms of hardware, the PCB is the heart of the power plug. The board, seen in the Fig. \ref{fig:pcb}, features a self-powered system, eliminating the need for a specific power source to run it. In addition, a relay is installed to allow remote control of the device, and intrusive energy monitoring is used due to direct contact to the device.

The PCB is designed to handle two types of micro-controllers, the most fitting of which are assisted by two micro-controllers. Both the Arduino MKR-1010 and the ESP32 can be assisted. In fact, the (EM)$^3$ smart plug is projected to greatly accelerate the implementation of domestic energy use control systems worldwide. This can be manufactured at a cost of between 20 USD and 40 USD. Performance-wise, the micro-controllers used will do fairly sophisticated computation in addition to real-time wireless connectivity.

\subsection{Environmental Monitoring Unit}

Similarly to the power consumption unit, the environmental monitoring unit is housed in a PCB that contains the micro-controller and the sensors needed to monitor temperature, humidity, luminosity, and presence. The micro-controller is an ESP32, which supports wireless transmission to the CouchDB backend after preliminary post-processing. In effect, on-board processing reduces noise in data as well as the packet size. Performance, communication latency, and costs have been computed and compared in Table \ref{tab:results-table}. The smart plug micro-controller has been programmed with a platform-agnostic Arduino program. The PCB is shown in Fig. \ref{fig:pcb2}.

\begin{table}[ht]
    \caption{Smart plug performance per micro-controller}
    \label{tab:results-table}
    \centering

\begin{tabular}{ | p{0.2\textwidth} | p{0.2\textwidth}| p{0.3\textwidth} | p{0.15\textwidth} |}
\hline
\textbf{Used Board Name} & \textbf{Processing Speed (s)} & \textbf{Communications Latency (s)} & \textbf{Cost (USD)} \\
\hline
ESP-WROOM-32 & 0.16 & 3.19 & 10 \\

Arduino MKR 1010 & 1.05 & 2.25 & 33.90 \\

\hline
\end{tabular}

\end{table}

\begin{figure}[!ht]
\centering
\includegraphics[trim={0in 0in 0in 0in},clip,width=0.6\linewidth]{Fig_04.pdf}
\caption{Environmental sensing unit PCB.}
\label{fig:pcb2}
\end{figure}

The concept of a smart plug that processes data before pushing it to the cloud is linked to the trend of edge computing, where some processing takes place where data is produced, saving communication resources and increasing efficiency.

Compared to the literature reviewed, the proposed approach provides the advantage of micro-moment extraction, which allows for a more accurate analysis of daily consumption. It also enables several devices to be attached at the same time.

However, there is indeed a range of drawbacks of the new application. The thickness of the device is a downside that is deemed cumbersome relative to many current solutions. In addition, in terms of cyber security, the current implementation lacks the various cyber-attack defense mechanisms that will be considered in future publications. Eventually, a more computationally efficient board such as the ESP32-S2 may be used to help operate more complicated in-chip classification algorithms.

\section{Conclusions}
\label{sec7}

In this paper, a micro-moment smart plug is proposed as part of the $(EM)^3$ framework. The smart plug, which includes two sub-units: the power consumption unit and environmental monitoring unit collects energy consumption of appliances along with contextual information such as temperature, humidity, luminosity, and room occupancy respectively. The plug also allows home automation capabilities. With the $(EM)^3$ mobile app, end-users can see visualized power consumption data along with ambient environmental information. In addition, the foundations of the appliance recognition method was successfully verified by combining two time-domain descriptors, resulting in high accuracy and F1 score benchmarks.

\section*{Acknowledgments}
This paper is made possible by National Priorities Research Program (NPRP) grant No. 10-0130-170288 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
dahbud's home page
Origin of "The Plan"
by Dahbud Mensch 322
When President Ronald Reagan was shot and laying on the operating table, General Alexander Haig said, "I am in control here.", giving the impression a military coup of the United States had occurred.
Since then, I have been trying to figure out what really happened and here is what I came up with, so far. It started with General Douglas MacArthur and this quote gives the background:
"There is a tradition in American government that the military is subordinate to the civilian leaders. Generals do not make statements about policy without first clearing them with their superiors. But MacArthur, used to ruling in Japan, ignored the chain of command, and began writing letters about what the United States should do in Korea. He sent a letter to the Veterans of Foreign Wars saying that Formosa would be a fine place to launch an aggressive campaign against China. After the Chinese entered the war -- something MacArthur had assured Truman would never happen -- MacArthur wrote to Speaker of the House Joe Martin saying the United States could only win by an all-out war, and this meant bombing the Manchurian bases. So Harry Truman fired him, and evoked a firestorm of criticism from conservatives who believed Truman to be soft on communism. But there is no question that Truman was absolutely correct. Whether his overall policy was right or wrong, the American Constitution commits control of foreign policy to the president and not to the military. As Truman explained, avoidance of World War III while containing aggression was a difficult line to walk, but that was the policy the United States had decided upon. No soldier, not even a five-star general, could unilaterally challenge that policy without disturbing an essential element of democratic government."
Every 'Brass' has their staff and MacArthur's 'pretty boy' was 2nd Lieutenant Alexander M. Haig.
"Upon graduating from the U.S. Military Academy in 1947, Alexander M. Haig was commission a second lieutenant in the Army, serving in Japan with the 1st Cavalry Division and on the staff of General Douglas MacArthur, in the Korean War."
General MacArthur hated Truman, was a Republican, and had many Republican friends in 'high places'.
"As the crisis intensified and public backing for the war eroded, MacArthur stepped up his private and public criticisms of the administration. Predicting catastrophe unless dramatic action was taken, MacArthur recommended full-scale military action against the People's Republic of China, including a coastal blockade of the Chinese mainland, intensive bombing of industrial centers in Manchuria and northern China, and the unleashing of at least 50,000 of Chiang's Nationalist troops on the Korean peninsula. He also suggested using atomic weapons against China, although he put forth no precise plan for deployment. By the spring of 1951 he advocated a second major offensive north of the thirty-eighth parallel to unify the two Koreas. His pronouncements found an especially receptive audience among conservative Republicans--including House Minority leader Joe Martin of Massachusetts, California Representative Richard M. Nixon, and Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy--who had vigorously attacked Truman for over committing U.S. power to Europe and giving short shrift to Asia. MacArthur had established a political power base with these Republicans and had never hid his own presidential ambitions."
The scariest, besides (I AM NOT A CROOK) Richard M. Nixon, was Senator Joseph McCarthy.
"The hunt for subversives started during the war itself, and was furthered by congressional committees that often abused their powers of investigation to harass people with whom they differed politically. Then in February 1950, an undistinguished, first-term Republican senator from Wisconsin, Joseph McCarthy, burst into national prominence when, in a speech in Wheeling, West Virginia, he held up a piece of paper that he claimed was a list of 205 known communists currently working in the State Department. McCarthy never produced documentation for a single one of his charges, but for the next four years he exploited an issue that he realized had touched a nerve in the American public.
Resolved, That the Senator from Wisconsin, Mr. McCarthy, failed to cooperate with the Subcommittee on Privileges and Elections of the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration in clearing up matters referred to that subcommittee which concerned his conduct as a Senator and affected the honor of the Senate and, instead, repeatedly abused the subcommittee and its members who were trying to carry out assigned duties, thereby obstructing the constitutional processes of the Senate, and that this conduct of the Senator from Wisconsin, Mr. McCarthy, is contrary to senatorial traditions and is hereby condemned."
Enter Ike
"During World War I, Eisenhower (nicknamed "Ike" as a boy) served at several military training camps, establishing himself as a first-rate organizer and trainer of men. He spent two years as executive officer to Gen. Fox Conner, military commander at Camp Gaillard in the Panama Canal Zone. With Conner's help, Eisenhower was admitted to the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. In 1926, he graduated first in his class of 275, going on to attend the Army War College in Washington, D.C. He advanced in his career, holding various posts, including aide to General Douglas MacArthur, then Chief of Staff of the United States Army. Going with MacArthur when the General was named military adviser to the Commonwealth of the Philippines in 1935, Eisenhower helped establish the Philippine Air Force and the Philippine Military Academy. He obtained a pilot's license at age 47."
IKE'S TOP 5 MOST DISLIKED CONTEMPORARIES
1. Senator Joseph McCarthy, 2. Harry S. Truman, 3. Field Marshal Bernard Mongomery, 4. John F. Kennedy, 5. General Douglas MacArthur, and special mention Lyndon B. Johnson.
Enter Nixon
"Nixon blamed the country's economic and other problems on Democratic President Truman's administration and argued that things were much improved under the outgoing Republican administration of Eisenhower."
Then there was the "Bay of Pigs" and the "Cold War"
There are some who believe the "Bay of Pigs" was the beginning of a Coup of the United States Government and part of the reason for President John Kennedy's assassination.
Democratic President Truman totally angers General Douglas MacArthur, a Republican.
It is easy to imagine MacArthur and his Republican buddies, Martin, McCarthy, and Nixon vowing vengeance, no matter how long it takes.
Republican Eisenhower becomes President and warns of "The Military Industrial Complex".
Kennedy becomes President, defeating Nixon and totally angers the 'Intelligence Community'. ((btw) Most 'Intelligence personnel' have a military background and some of them belong to organizations/orders/societies they entered as students.)
At this point, you have to ask yourself what made a difference during these times and the answer is, 'Military controlled' atomic bomb; which annihilated the "Right to Bear Arms" and made things historically 'one sided'; in that, the wealthy 1% of the population that controlled the remaining 99% lost control to their 'Royal Guard'.
The "Cold War" link above is an outline.
Enter Reagan
I put the UFO link on Reagan's name, because this is about the time one stopped seeing him in public and on the media.
The 'thing' that is interesting during these times is, one hardly saw Vice President Bush, except for Vice Presidential functions, during the entire Reagan era. What was he doing?
Enter Bush 1
"The powerful men of Skull & Bones genuinely believe that they have a strategic and moral "right" to control world affairs. Consequently, they take upon themselves the authority to crush any rivalrous threat to U.S. imperial leadership, whether by current allies, such as Japan, Germany or Great Britain, or by Cold War adversaries, like the Soviet Union. The members of the Order, due to their narrow WASP upbringing, view with particular suspicion the maneuverings of Zionist Israel and its affluent, influential lobby in the United States.
Bush, his fellow Bonesmen and their like-thinking elitist allies in the American Establishment see themselves as New World Order warriors, an American samurai caste of sorts, whose mission is restoring American greatness. They intend to utilize the institutional networks of the U.S. government and key private agencies, such as the New York Council on Foreign Relations, to advance their purpose.
The Skull & Bones members believe in the idea of "constructive chaos." By keeping their true policy intentions secret, by constantly sending out mixed signals on all critical policy issues, they consciously seek to sow confusion among both their nominal "friends" and "enemies" alike.
The fulcrum for the policy of constructive chaos is, at present, the Middle East situation. Although U.S. military action in the region has for the time being subsided, America's military power will remain a critical determinant in the future of that vital zone of conflict. American military power is aimed at securing undisputed control over the vast reservoir of oil -- not at necessarily fostering any permanent alignment of local states or combinations of regional interests."
Jumping Ahead
The Project for the New American Century
"January 26, 1998
The Honorable William J. Clinton
Dear Mr. President:
We are writing you because we are convinced that current American policy toward Iraq is not succeeding, and that we may soon face a threat in the Middle East more serious than any we have known since the end of the Cold War. In your upcoming State of the Union Address, you have an opportunity to chart a clear and determined course for meeting this threat. We urge you to seize that opportunity, and to enunciate a new strategy that would secure the interests of the U.S. and our friends and allies around the world. That strategy should aim, above all, at the removal of Saddam Hussein's regime from power. We stand ready to offer our full support in this difficult but necessary endeavor.
The policy of "containment" of Saddam Hussein has been steadily eroding over the past several months. As recent events have demonstrated, we can no longer depend on our partners in the Gulf War coalition to continue to uphold the sanctions or to punish Saddam when he blocks or evades UN inspections. Our ability to ensure that Saddam Hussein is not producing weapons of mass destruction, therefore, has substantially diminished. Even if full inspections were eventually to resume, which now seems highly unlikely, experience has shown that it is difficult if not impossible to monitor Iraq's chemical and biological weapons production. The lengthy period during which the inspectors will have been unable to enter many Iraqi facilities has made it even less likely that they will be able to uncover all of Saddam's secrets. As a result, in the not-too-distant future we will be unable to determine with any reasonable level of confidence whether Iraq does or does not possess such weapons.
Such uncertainty will, by itself, have a seriously destabilizing effect on the entire Middle East. It hardly needs to be added that if Saddam does acquire the capability to deliver weapons of mass destruction, as he is almost certain to do if we continue along the present course, the safety of American troops in the region, of our friends and allies like Israel and the moderate Arab states, and a significant portion of the world's supply of oil will all be put at hazard. As you have rightly declared, Mr. President, the security of the world in the first part of the 21st century will be determined largely by how we handle this threat.
Given the magnitude of the threat, the current policy, which depends for its success upon the steadfastness of our coalition partners and upon the cooperation of Saddam Hussein, is dangerously inadequate. The only acceptable strategy is one that eliminates the possibility that Iraq will be able to use or threaten to use weapons of mass destruction. In the near term, this means a willingness to undertake military action as diplomacy is clearly failing. In the long term, it means removing Saddam Hussein and his regime from power. That now needs to become the aim of American foreign policy.
We urge you to articulate this aim, and to turn your Administration's attention to implementing a strategy for removing Saddam's regime from power. This will require a full complement of diplomatic, political and military efforts. Although we are fully aware of the dangers and difficulties in implementing this policy, we believe the dangers of failing to do so are far greater. We believe the U.S. has the authority under existing UN resolutions to take the necessary steps, including military steps, to protect our vital interests in the Gulf. In any case, American policy cannot continue to be crippled by a misguided insistence on unanimity in the UN Security Council.
We urge you to act decisively. If you act now to end the threat of weapons of mass destruction against the U.S. or its allies, you will be acting in the most fundamental national security interests of the country. If we accept a course of weakness and drift, we put our interests and our future at risk.
Elliott Abrams, Richard L. Armitage, William J. Bennett, Jeffrey Bergner, John Bolton, Paula Dobriansky, Francis Fukuyama, Robert Kagan, Zalmay Khalilzad, William Kristol, Richard Perle, Peter W. Rodman, Donald Rumsfeld, William Schneider, Jr., Vin Weber, Paul Wolfowitz, R. James Woolsey, Robert B. Zoellick"
This letter indicates "The Plan" was/is still alive.
Were Neo-Conservatives' 1998 Memos a Blueprint for Iraq War?
Morning After Plan For Iraq In Works
"One plan being considered by the White House is based on the occupation of Japan following World War II and includes installing a U.S. commander to administer Iraq, perhaps U.S. Central Command head Gen. Tommy Franks in the role taken by Gen. Douglas MacArthur after Tokyo surrendered in 1945, The New York Times said in its Friday editions."
Liberated Iraq could be ruled by US general
"An American general could be appointed to rule a liberated Iraq as part of a White House plan modeled on Gen Douglas MacArthur's rule over Japan after the Second World War."
Tommy Franks Says
Bush May Discard Constitution
If Another Terrorist Attack Occurs
Gen. Tommy Franks said in an interview with the lifestyle magazine Cigar Aficionado that if another terrorist attack occurs in the United States "the Constitution will likely be discarded in favor of a military form of government".
The stunning revelation is the headline story on the right-wing news site NewsMax for Friday. Franks said that another terrorism attack will result in "... the Western world, the free world, loses what it cherishes most, and that is freedom and liberty we've seen for a couple of hundred years..."
He indicated that if another terrorism attack occurs Bush will likely declare martial law and the Constitution will apparently be "discarded".
CSPAN - State Department Press Conference (aprox 10:20 EDT)
Referenced MacArthur and his news blocking plan during Korea
Dahbud Mensch Home Page ~ FlyingSnail Home Page

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Albert Bernard Feldstein ( ; October 24, 1925 – April 29, 2014) was an American writer, editor, and artist, best known for his work at EC Comics and, from 1956 to 1985, as the editor of the satirical magazine Mad. After retiring from Mad, Feldstein concentrated on American paintings of Western wildlife.

Early life and education
Al Feldstein was born October 24, 1925, in Brooklyn, New York, to a Jewish household. He was the son of Max, who made dental molds, and Beatrice Feldstein. After winning an award in the 1939 New York World's Fair poster contest, he decided on a career in the art field and studied at the High School of Music and Art in Manhattan. During World War II, he served stateside in the Army Air Forces.

Career
While in high school, he was hired by Jerry Iger to work in the S. M. Iger Studio, a packager of comic-book stories supplying outsourced content to publishers entering the new medium. He recalled,

His earliest background art was for Sheena, Queen of the Jungle.

After graduating from high school he attended the Art Students League. Feldstein freelanced art for comic books, including Fox Comics. Feldstein recalled that Bob Farrell, whom he considered a "wheeler-dealer" driving a convertible Cadillac, introduced him to Victor Fox in return for a commission from all payments Fox made to him. Feldstein rewrote Farrell's scripts for Fox and produced the art for the stories. He described Fox as the "typical exploiting comic book publisher of his day, grinding out shameless imitations of successful titles and trends" and mistreating his writers and artists.

Feldstein wrote, drew and packaged the complete Junior and Sunny books for Fox, and produced a comic book adaptation of Meet Corliss Archer. Warned by his letterer Jim Wroten to be cautious about payments from Victor Fox, who'd "gotten himself into financial trouble", Feldstein approached Bill Gaines, who'd just taken over as EC Comics publisher following his father's death in a speedboat crash. Feldstein's initial EC assignment was drawing a teenage book, the beginning of a long working relationship with Gaines.

EC Comics
Arriving at EC in 1948, Feldstein began as an artist, but he soon combined art with writing, eventually editing most of the EC titles. Although he originally wrote and illustrated approximately one story per comic, in addition to doing many covers, Feldstein finally focused on editing and writing, reserving his artwork primarily for covers. From late 1950 through 1953, he edited and wrote stories for seven EC titles.

As EC's editor, Feldstein created a literate line, balancing his genre tales with potent graphic stories probing the underbelly of American life. In creating stories around such topics as racial prejudice, rape, domestic violence, police brutality, drug addiction and child abuse, he succeeded in addressing problems and issues which the 1950s radio, motion picture and television industries were too timid to dramatize.

While developing a stable of contributing writers that included Robert Bernstein, Otto Binder, Daniel Keyes, Jack Oleck and Carl Wessler, he published the first work of Harlan Ellison. EC employed the comics industry's finest artists and published promotional copy to make readers aware of their staff. Feldstein encouraged the EC illustrators to maintain their personal art styles, and this emphasis on individuality gave the EC line a unique appearance. Distinctive front cover designs framing those recognizable art styles made Feldstein's titles easy to spot on crowded newsstands.

Those comic books, known as EC's New Trend group, included Weird Science, Weird Fantasy, Tales from the Crypt, The Haunt of Fear, The Vault of Horror, Shock SuspenStories, Crime SuspenStories, Panic and Piracy. After the New Trend titles folded in 1955, Feldstein edited EC's short-lived New Direction line, followed by EC's Picto-Fiction magazines.

Mad
After industry and government pressures forced Gaines to shut down most of his EC titles, Feldstein was briefly separated from the company.  But when Harvey Kurtzman left Mad in 1956, Gaines turned to his former editor. Feldstein spent the next 29 years at the helm of what became one of the nation's leading and most influential magazines. It is unclear what the circulation of the magazine was when Feldstein took over but it is estimated to be between 325,000 and 750,000. By the 1960s, it had increased to over a million, and by the 1970s, it had doubled to two million. Circulation multiplied more than eight times during Feldstein's tenure, peaking at 2,850,000 for an issue in 1974 (and an average of 2.1 million for that year), although it declined to a third of that figure by the end of his time as editor.

Feldstein has been credited with giving the magazine the personality of a "smart-alecky, sniggering and indisputably clever spitball-shooter."

Many new cartoonists and writers surfaced during the early years of Feldstein's editorship. This process leveled off in the 1960s as the magazine came to rely on a steady group of contributors. Feldstein's first issue as editor (#29) was also the first issue to display the twisted work of cartoonist Don Martin. The following issue, #30, marked the debuts of longtime cover artist Norman Mingo and artist Bob Clarke.  Kelly Freas first appeared in issue #31.  Issue #32 brought artists Mort Drucker, George Woodbridge and Joe Orlando, while issue #33 introduced readers to writers Frank Jacobs and Tom Koch. Al Jaffee, who had appeared in four of editor Kurtzman's last issues before leaving with him, returned just a year and a half later.  Larry Siegel and Arnie Kogen began writing for the magazine in 1958–59.  By the end of 1962, with the additions of Antonio Prohías, Paul Coker Jr., Jack Rickard, Don Edwing, Dick DeBartolo, Stan Hart, Dave Berg and Lou Silverstone, he had fully established both the format and the talent pool that kept the magazine a commercial success for decades.

Retirement

After he retired from Mad in 1985, Feldstein began painting again after his son, Mark Feldstein, gave him his first oil paint set since pre-Mad. He left Connecticut and relocated in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, where he spent three years painting the Teton Range and its wildlife. Two of his paintings from that period placed in the Top 100 of Arts for the Parks, a competition created in 1986 by the National Park Academy of the Arts.

Feldstein moved in 1992 to Paradise Valley, Montana, near Livingston, finding new approaches to depict the Western way of life in his acrylic paintings. In 1999, he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Arts degree by Rocky Mountain College in Billings, Montana, and that year again ranked in the Top 100 of the Arts for the Parks' Competition. He is represented by numerous Northwest galleries, and he continued to create his Western, wildlife and landscape paintings at his 270 acre (1.1 km2) ranch south of Livingston and north of Yellowstone National Park.

In 2000, he was invited to give the Commencement Address to the new century's first graduating class at Rocky Mountain College.

He was inducted into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame in 2003.

In 2011, he received the Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement from the Horror Writers Association.

Feldstein died on April 29, 2014 at his home in Paradise Valley, Montana, near Livingston. No cause of death was released.

References

External links

 Who's Who of American Comic Books: 1928–1999
 Horror Writers Association: Bram Stoker Lifetime Achievement Award
 Dr. Gangrene: Interview with Al Feldstein (April 3, 2009)

1925 births
American illustrators
Jewish American journalists
Jewish American writers
Jewish American artists
American magazine editors
20th-century American painters
American male painters
21st-century American painters
American satirists
American parodists
Animal artists
Art Students League of New York alumni
Artists from Montana
Artists of the American West
Jewish painters
2014 deaths
Mad (magazine) people
EC Comics
Inkpot Award winners
Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame inductees
People from Flatbush, Brooklyn
Journalists from Montana
The High School of Music & Art alumni
Golden Age comics creators
Artists from Brooklyn

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: How can I separate this into two strings? I am new to Python, I am not sure what should I be looking for but I assure you I have done my research and still came up with a rather ugly 20 lines long block of code for this simple issue.
I am processing a traversal URL with my app based on Pyramid framework.
Now, the URL can be these: (url = None)

*

*url = ""

*url = "/"

*url = "/block_1"

*url = "/block_1/"

*url = "/block_1/block_2"

*url = "/block_1/block_2/"

The url can contain nothing. In this case, I want my function to return False, None, or an empty list or tuple. (Does not matter which.) (matching options 0 or 1)
Block_1: This is a single word, a to Z string. Can not and should not contain any special characters. In fact, what's fetched as block_1, should be in a dictionary (or a list) and if not found, an error should be raised and returned. If block_1 is not there or not found, the function, as stated above, should return False, None or empty list or tuple. (matching options 2 and 3)
Block_2: Block_2 can be anything. For simplicity, it can contain any characters of any languages along with special characters such as: ()[]. Excuse me if I'm mistaken but I think what I want is basically for it to match [\pL\pN].*, with one exception: its last character can not be either of slashes: neither "\" nor "/". Preferably, I would like it to be a to Z (including all languages' alphabets and their accented characters) along with some other characters from a list (which I define specially as mentioned above: () and []). If block_2 is not given it should have the value None and if it's not matched, it should return False. (matching last 2 options listed above)
My code starts with, rather primitively for which I apologise:
if not url:
    return False
# then goes on evaluating the first charachter to see if it's a /
if fetch[0]  == '/':
    length = len(url)
    #then checks if there's a second / for the block_2
    slash_2 = fetch.find('/', 3) # or '/', 1
    if slash_2 == -1:
        block_1, block_2 = url[1:length].lower(), None
        # checks if block_1 is in a dictionary
        if not block_1 in the_dict:
            return False
    else: # if it's there it processes what's remaining
        block_1 = fetch[1:slash_2]
        block_2 = fetch[slash_2+1:]
        # then checks if there's another slash at the end of block_2
        if block_2[-1] == '/': # if so it removes it
            block_2 = block_2[:-1]
return False # otherwise returns false, which can be () or [] or None

I'm sorry if my code is terrible and over complicated. I would love nothing more than a more elegant and better way to do this.
So how can I do it? What should I do to get rid of this jammed lines of code?
Thank you.

A: split('/') should definitely be used and that should help you parse the URL.
If that is not sufficient, urlparse should be used to parse
urlparse.urlparse(path)

In [31]: url = 'http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12809298/how-can-i-separate-this-into-two-strings/12809315#12809315'

In [32]: urlparse.urlparse(url)
Out[32]: ParseResult(scheme='http', netloc='stackoverflow.com', path='/questions/12809298/how-can-i-separate-this-into-two-strings/12809315', params='', query='', fragment='12809315')

In [33]: a = urlparse.urlparse(url)

In [34]: a.path
Out[34]: '/questions/12809298/how-can-i-separate-this-into-two-strings/12809315'

In [35]: a.path.split('/')
Out[35]:
['',
 'questions',
 '12809298',
 'how-can-i-separate-this-into-two-strings',
 '12809315']

A: The first thing I would try is the .split() string function:
>>> url = "/block_1/block_2"
>>> url.split("/")
['', 'block_1', 'block_2']

This will return a list of components of the string, that were separated by the / character. From there, you can use the len() function to find out the length of the list, and take the appropriate action according to your desired logic.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This entry was posted in #Onehundreddaysofwriting, Cross Border Tales, memoir, This creative life, This Writing Life and tagged Blogchain, Creativity, Onehundereddaysofwriting, Writer's Block, Writers of Adelaide, Writing, Writingchallenge. Bookmark the permalink.
Thank you for taking part in the chain, Fontella. I loved hearing about your willingness to take on the 100 days of writing challenge, too. I must look that up. Whatever we need to do to keep the ball rolling, huh? Grief and writers block – I can definitely see how the two go together – and I feel like that is the cause of my own block that is happening right now. This month's blog chain topic is certainly ironic for me, too. You're awesome for getting this in right before the deadline – great to see your commitment. Very inspiring.


I purchased this for my niece for Valentine's Day and she absolutely loves it! The necklace and the meaning behind it brightened her day. Thank you so much! Also, thank you, Ariel, for being so responsive and accommodating!
Gave this to my aunt for Christmas and she loved it so much she was crying! It's a beautiful necklace and great quality. I am so happy with this gift!
Beautiful aunt/niece interlocking circle necklace. I want one for myself ??
This was the perfect gift. My niece loved it so much she cried when she opened. It was a very personal and meaningful gift.
Beautiful! Bought this for my sister from my daughter and she loved it! The necklace was shipped and received very quickly! There was a mistake in the order and after shooting a quick message to the seller, they corrected it immediately and promptly fixed the error. I would purchase from them again in a second. Thank you!
Package arrived very timely. It's so beautiful. I bought the aunt and niece necklace for my niece, seeing how pretty it is I think I need one for myself!!
The necklace is cute and the presentation is great! My aunt really liked it. It arrived on time as promised. That said, the quality is not amazing. It seems very finicky when exposed to heat and sweat. I gave four stars because at least it came with care instructions!
I sent this to my niece over seas and she loved it. such a nice simple gift with such big meaning.
My aunt is very much a second mom to me. I had this sent to her as a surprise and she LOVED it!
Beautiful necklace! Perfect birthday gift!
So beautiful and the packaging is perfect. I love all of the thought put into the details of this product and I am so satisfied with my purchase! Seller also has excellent communication. Thank you!


Vavrovsky Heine Marth Rechtsanwälte GmbH, FN 406114b, Fleischmarkt 1, 1010 Vienna, takes the security of your personal data very seriously. The following summarizes how we ensure the data is protected, the type of data collected when you visit our website www.vhm-law.at ("website"), and what it is used for. By "personal data" we mean any information about you that could be used to help identify you, for example your e-mail or IP address.
When you visit our website, we collect information about your IP address and the number and duration of your visits. We also gather technical information about the device and browser version you are using. These data are exclusively used to optimize system security and for the purpose of statistical analysis to improve the information offered. The processing is, thus, necessary for the compliance with legal obligations (system security) as well as for the purposes of a legitimate interest (statistical evaluation / improvement of information offered).
We will not keep your personal data for longer than necessary for the purpose of the processing or for the compliance with our contractual or legal obligations.
You are under no legal or contractual obligation to provide your personal data.
The protection of your personal data is secured by appropriate technical and organizational measures. These measures especially concern the protection against unauthorized, unlawful or accidental access, processing, loss or manipulation.
Despite all efforts to ensure an appropriate high standard of care, we cannot completely rule out the possibility of others accessing or using information that you provide us with via the internet. Please note that we will not assume liability for the disclosure of data due to errors in the transmission of data not caused by us and/or unauthorized access by third parties (e.g. hacker attacks on email accounts or telephone and the interception of fax or emails).
On our website, we offer the opportunity to register for our newsletter "Practical Pointers" as well as to receive event invitations. To register, you only need to supply your email address and declare that you consent to receiving respective updates via email. Schould you voluntarily give further information such as additional contact details, areas of interest or other information, we will process them, where applicable, to address you in person and to inform you in a target and interest specific manner. You may unsubscribe from our newsletter or otherwise withdraw your consent any time, for example by contacting office@vhm-law.at.
You have the right to obtain from Vavrovsky Heine Marth Rechtsanwälte GmbH confirmation as to whether or not (and, if applicable: to what extent) your personal data is being processed. In addition, you have the right to erasure and rectification of your data. You, furthermore, have the right to obtain restriction of processing of your data or to object to processing completely. Also, you have the right to demand the transmission of the collected personal data to a third party in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format.
Where the processing our data is based on your consent, you have the right to withdraw such consent to the processing of your personal data at any time. In order to assert the aforementioned rights, you may contact us at any time, e.g. at the following address: office@vhm-law.at. If you are of the opinion that we are violating Austrian or European data protection law by processing your data, you can contact us any time or address a complaint to the Data Protection Authority.
We are also obliged to inform you that the European Commission has set up an Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) Platform for alternative resolution of consumer disputes. You can access the platform at: www.ec.europa.eu/consumers/odr.


text:
Q: How to fix 'syntax error: ,' and 'undefined symbol' I'm doing an assignment where I need to declare symbolic constants in MASM along with some other functions in the program. I wrote the whole program and think I did it all properly, but I keep having a syntax error for the symbolic constant declarations. I'm supposed to declare the symbolic constants A = 5120, B=260, C= 170 and D=2200. Under the code directive, with the use of mov instruction, move values of A, B, C and D to EAX, EBX, ECX and EDX respectively. However it keeps saying there's a syntax error for the comma before 'C', that 'C' is a syntax error, and all my other symbolic constants are undefined.
I changed 'C' to 'E' and it worked but I feel like changing the letters isn't the issue here.
 .data
 mystring BYTE 20 DUP('a')
 val1 SDWORD 2147483647
 sum DWORD 0
 firstName BYTE "Akash", "Akash", "Akash", "Akash", "Akash"
 firstNameSize = ($ - firstName)
 A = 5120
 B = 260
 C = 170
 D = 2200

 .code
 main proc
 mov eax, A
 mov ebx, B
 mov ecx, C
 mov edx, D
 sub ebx, ecx
 add eax, ebx
 sub eax, edx
 mov sum, eax
 invoke ExitProcess,0

I expected the output to be that there would be no build errors, the registers would contain the correct values and would do the math on the numbers.

A: C is the name of an operation in MASM, so you can't use it as a variable name.
Here's a list of all reserved terms I could find.


This is the Hitec AM/FM 72MHz Single Conversion Receiver Crystal.Features: Used for Hitec radios on Channels 11-60Replaces or changes the frequency crystal of a receiverIncludes: One Hitec AM/FM 72MHz Single Conversion Receiver CrystalRequires: An AM/FM Single Conversion Hitec Receiver.
Receiver Crystal Ch 26 (all D.C. 72MHz FM) by Hitec RCD Inc.
Verificando el funcionamiento del Radio. No tiene antena instalada y aun así la emision es buena.
Compare prices on Hitec Fm Receiver at ShoppinGent.com – use promo codes and coupons for best offers and deals. Start smart buying with ShoppinGent.com right now and choose your golden price on every purchase.


text:
Home » Sports » BASKETBALL » Lebron James, a Modern Basketball Player
Lebron James, a Modern Basketball Player
Since his arrival in the NBA, Lebron or King James has been characterized by breaking and pulverizing most of the records. Find out more about his career!
The Benefits of Basketball
James Harden, The Beard of the NBA
The Most Common Injuries in Basketball
No one else is considered to be the best basketball player of all time, since Michael Jordan. However, NBA fans have obsessively sought out someone to take the throne of this renowned sport. For many, Lebron James, a current Lakers player, is the chosen one.
For the few who don't know him, Lebron James is a 34-year-old player born in Ohio, United States. Winner of three NBA titles, in 2012, 2013 and 2016, he's an athlete who has broken the majority of basketball records worldwide.
Lebron's unusual career path
The story of Lebron James is somewhat different from most players who end up playing in the NBA. Most players usually play basketball for four years at a college level before being drafted by professional teams
Instead, Lebron became a star immediately after refusing a spot at a college. He was drafted by the Cleveland Cavaliers basketball team in 2003. This career path is usually referred to as "prep-to-pro" in which NBA teams draft players right out of high school. This path was also followed by other basketball superstars such as Kevin Garnett in 1995, Kobe Bryant in 1996, and Dwight Howard in 2004.
After leaving the Cleveland team, Lebron led the Miami Heat team to the NBA titles in 2012 and 2013 and won another championship with Cleveland in 2016, before joining the Los Angeles Lakers team in 2018.
Because of his stellar career, Lebron James is considered one of the best players in history. His outstanding achievements are constantly compared with those obtained by Michael Jordan. Lebron stands out for his physique, which makes him unstoppable in many aspects of the game.
However, as you can see in this article, the numbers that Lebron James averages are impressive even taking into account some of the biggest players in basketball history, such as Michael Jordan himself.
Lebron James playing for the Lakers
A modern basketball player
While it's true that Lebron James has some detractors, the reality is that he's a modern basketball player in all its right. This means that he's a very physical player, who dominates all records, both in attack and defense. Able to score from any distance and defend all player profiles, Lebron is a physical wonder that some sports critics have dubbed to be fit for other sports such as soccer.
Lebron James, as other Ohio-born players, has a privileged physique and unique conditions that have made it possible to achieve his outstanding records on the court. He's a leader on and off the court and has remained motivated even in the most adverse situations.
In this light, Lebron is one of the most athletic players in NBA history. Among other things, his impressive height allows him to have a great advantage in the area of rebounds. However, bouncing is not just about stature, but also about technique, anticipation, and strength. In all that, Lebron is one of the best players in history.
Lebron's impressive conditions were evident to the world after the 2016 NBA finals. The Cleveland Cavaliers won against the powerful Golden State Warriors, who at that point were the best team of all time. Lebron managed to win and got the first title in the franchise's history.
Since his drafting in 2003, LeBron is a potential candidate to become the best basketball player of all time and dethrone Michael Jordan. While many Jordan fans disagree, their importance in the NBA and even on other issues such as politics can help us understand the influence of basketball stars on and off of the court.
James during his time playing with the Cleveland Cavaliers.
Lebron James' statistics in the NBA
Since his arrival in the NBA, King James has been characterized by breaking and pulverizing most of the records.
Fans of the best basketball league worldwide are lovers of data and statistics. Taking advantage of that fact, we'll review the figures of Lebron James since his arrival at the championship:
3 times NBA champion: 2012, 2013, 2016.
3 times MVP – Most Valuable Player – of the NBA finals: 2012, 2013, 2016.
4 times NBA MVP: 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013.
15 times selected to play the NBA All-Star: from 2005 to 2019.
3 times chosen as the Most Valuable Player in the NBA All-Star Game: 2006, 2008, 2018.
12 times included in the First All-NBA team: 2006, 2008–2018.
2 times selected in the Second All-NBA Team: 2005, 2007.
James is for many, the best player in the NBA.
5 times elected in the First NBA Defensive Team: 2009–2013.
Included in the second NBA Defensive Team: 2014.
Elected Rookie of the Year in the NBA: 2004.
Gold medal Olympic Games Beijing 2008 and London 2012.
What the future hold for Lebron James
In January 2018, at 33, LeBron James surpassed Kobe Bryant as the youngest player to accumulate 30 thousand points in his career.
As of mid-2019, Lebron James is registered as a player with the Los Angeles Lakers, one of the most successful teams in basketball history. However, the entity's poor sports planning and lack of good squires have led the team to fail at qualifying to play the playoffs in the 2019 season.
In this sense, NBA fans are impatient to see what the possible successor to Michael Jordan is capable of doing. Do you think Lebron will be able to reverse the situation?
Improve your Rebounding Skills in Basketball
Rebounding is a fundamental part of playing basketball. When doing both attacking and defensive moves, rebounding can be the key to victory Read more »
Coombs, D. S., & Cassilo, D. (2017). Athletes and/or Activists: LeBron James and Black Lives Matter. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 41(5), 425–444. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723517719665
Brown, K. A., Dickhaus, J., & Long, M. C. (2012). LeBron James and "The Decision": An Empirical Examination of Image Repair in Sports. Journal of Sports Media, 7(1), 149–175. https://doi.org/10.1353/jsm.2012.0010
Tiago, T., Tiago, F., Faria, S. D., & Couto, J. P. (2016). Who is the better player? Off-field battle on Facebook and Twitter. Business Horizons, 59(2), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2015.11.003
Mocarski, R., & Billings, A. C. (2014). Manufacturing a Messiah: How Nike and LeBron James Co-Constructed the Legend of King James. Communication and Sport, 2(1), 3–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479513481456
Basketball is one of the most practiced sports worldwide. Among other things, it's an activity that brings many positive consequences for the athletes who practice it. In today's article, we'll talk about the benefits of basketball. Are you ready to…
James Harden is one of the highest level point guards in the NBA. Commonly known as 'The beard', he's a 29-year-old basketball player for the Houston Rockets. In this season, he's set a historical record: over 30 points during 32…
Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world. It's also one of the most physically demanding and consequently, potential injuries are always waiting to strike. In today's post, learn about the most common injuries people suffer in basketball.…
European Players in the NBA
The NBA is, without question, the most important basketball league in the world. When the league first began in the United States, home players filled the courts. But, over the years, Europeans have been joining the game, positioning themselves next…
The Pick and Roll: an Iconic Technique
In basketball, there's an infinite number of technical and tactical variants. As we've mentioned before, this is a sport in which teamwork reigns over individual talent. The pick and roll is perhaps one of the clearest demonstrations of this statement.…
Shooting Perfect Three-Pointers
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News Sports Opinion Life Obituaries eNewspaper Legals
Farmland man held for attack on wife, DWI
Douglas Walker
dwalker@muncie.gannett.com
FARMLAND – Police say a rural Farmland man beat his spouse when she tried to prevent him from driving while intoxicated.
Jack Robert Erwin, 40, of the 7200 block of West Ind. 32, was arrested late Friday.
His alleged victim reported Erwin punched her in the face, stomach and left ear, and threatened her with a knife. A Randolph County sheriff's deputy wrote that the woman had a black eye and swollen face, and that her ear was bleeding.
Another woman, who is pregnant, also told an officer that Erwin shoved her.
A preliminary blood test measured Erwin's blood-alcohol content at 0.17 percent, more than twice the legal limit for motorists. He was taken to the Randolph County jail in Winchester, where he was being held on preliminary charges of domestic battery resulting in moderate bodily injury, driving while intoxicated, driving while suspended and battery.
Prosecutor David Daly's office on Monday was granted 72 hours to file formal charges in the case.
In February 2014, Erwin was tried in absentia while he failed to show up for a Muncie City Court trial on a domestic battery charge.
He was convicted, and a warrant – which apparently remains active – was issued for his arrest.
© 2023 www.thestarpress.com. All rights reserved.


text:
package org.ovirt.engine.core.common.businessentities.network;

import org.ovirt.engine.core.common.businessentities.BusinessEntitiesDefinitions;
import org.ovirt.engine.core.common.businessentities.BusinessEntity;
import org.ovirt.engine.core.common.businessentities.IVdcQueryable;
import org.ovirt.engine.core.common.config.ConfigValues;
import org.ovirt.engine.core.common.utils.ObjectUtils;
import org.ovirt.engine.core.common.validation.annotation.ConfiguredRange;
import org.ovirt.engine.core.common.validation.annotation.ValidI18NName;
import org.ovirt.engine.core.compat.Guid;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import java.io.Serializable;

public class NetworkQoS extends IVdcQueryable implements Serializable, BusinessEntity<Guid> {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1122772549710787758L;

    @NotNull(message = "QOS_NAME_NOT_NULL")
    @Size(min = 1, max = BusinessEntitiesDefinitions.NETWORK_QOS_NAME_SIZE, message = "QOS_NAME_TOO_LONG")
    @ValidI18NName(message = "QOS_NAME_INVALID")
    private String name;

    @NotNull(message = "ACTION_TYPE_FAILED_NETWORK_QOS_INVALID_DC_ID")
    private Guid storagePoolId;

    @ConfiguredRange(min = 0, maxConfigValue = ConfigValues.MaxAverageNetworkQoSValue,
            message = "ACTION_TYPE_FAILED_NETWORK_QOS_OUT_OF_RANGE_VALUES")
    private Integer inboundAverage;

    @ConfiguredRange(min = 0, maxConfigValue = ConfigValues.MaxPeakNetworkQoSValue,
            message = "ACTION_TYPE_FAILED_NETWORK_QOS_OUT_OF_RANGE_VALUES")
    private Integer inboundPeak;

    @ConfiguredRange(min = 0, maxConfigValue = ConfigValues.MaxBurstNetworkQoSValue,
            message = "ACTION_TYPE_FAILED_NETWORK_QOS_OUT_OF_RANGE_VALUES")
    private Integer inboundBurst;

    @ConfiguredRange(min = 0, maxConfigValue = ConfigValues.MaxAverageNetworkQoSValue,
            message = "ACTION_TYPE_FAILED_NETWORK_QOS_OUT_OF_RANGE_VALUES")
    private Integer outboundAverage;

    @ConfiguredRange(min = 0, maxConfigValue = ConfigValues.MaxPeakNetworkQoSValue,
            message = "ACTION_TYPE_FAILED_NETWORK_QOS_OUT_OF_RANGE_VALUES")
    private Integer outboundPeak;

    @ConfiguredRange(min = 0, maxConfigValue = ConfigValues.MaxBurstNetworkQoSValue,
            message = "ACTION_TYPE_FAILED_NETWORK_QOS_OUT_OF_RANGE_VALUES")
    private Integer outboundBurst;

    private Guid id;

    @Override
    public Guid getId() {
        return id;
    }

    @Override
    public void setId(Guid id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Guid getStoragePoolId() {
        return storagePoolId;
    }

    public void setStoragePoolId(Guid storagePoolId) {
        this.storagePoolId = storagePoolId;
    }

    public Integer getInboundAverage() {
        return inboundAverage;
    }

    public void setInboundAverage(Integer inboundAverage) {
        this.inboundAverage = inboundAverage;
    }

    public Integer getInboundPeak() {
        return inboundPeak;
    }

    public void setInboundPeak(Integer inboundPeak) {
        this.inboundPeak = inboundPeak;
    }

    public Integer getInboundBurst() {
        return inboundBurst;
    }

    public void setInboundBurst(Integer inboundBurst) {
        this.inboundBurst = inboundBurst;
    }

    public Integer getOutboundAverage() {
        return outboundAverage;
    }

    public void setOutboundAverage(Integer outboundAverage) {
        this.outboundAverage = outboundAverage;
    }

    public Integer getOutboundPeak() {
        return outboundPeak;
    }

    public void setOutboundPeak(Integer outboundPeak) {
        this.outboundPeak = outboundPeak;
    }

    public Integer getOutboundBurst() {
        return outboundBurst;
    }

    public void setOutboundBurst(Integer outboundBurst) {
        this.outboundBurst = outboundBurst;
    }

    public boolean equalValues(NetworkQoS other) {
        return ObjectUtils.objectsEqual(this.getInboundAverage(), other.getInboundAverage())
                && ObjectUtils.objectsEqual(this.getInboundPeak(), other.getInboundPeak())
                && ObjectUtils.objectsEqual(this.getInboundBurst(), other.getInboundBurst())
                && ObjectUtils.objectsEqual(this.getOutboundAverage(), other.getOutboundAverage())
                && ObjectUtils.objectsEqual(this.getOutboundPeak(), other.getOutboundPeak())
                && ObjectUtils.objectsEqual(this.getOutboundBurst(), other.getOutboundBurst());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) {
            return true;
        }
        if (o == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!(o instanceof NetworkQoS)) {
            return false;
        }
        NetworkQoS other = (NetworkQoS) o;
        return ObjectUtils.objectsEqual(this.getName(), other.getName())
                && ObjectUtils.objectsEqual(this.getStoragePoolId(), other.getStoragePoolId())
                && equalValues(other);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        builder.append("[")
               .append("inbound ")
               .append("{")
               .append("average=")
               .append(getInboundAverage())
               .append(", peak=")
               .append(getInboundPeak())
               .append(", burst=")
               .append(getInboundBurst())
               .append("}, ")
               .append("outbound ")
               .append("{")
               .append("average=")
               .append(getOutboundAverage())
               .append(", peak=")
               .append(getOutboundPeak())
               .append(", burst=")
               .append(getOutboundBurst())
               .append("}")
               .append("]");
        return builder.toString();
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((storagePoolId == null) ? 0 : storagePoolId.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((inboundAverage == null) ? 0 : inboundAverage.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((inboundPeak == null) ? 0 : inboundPeak.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((inboundBurst == null) ? 0 : inboundBurst.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((outboundAverage == null) ? 0 : outboundAverage.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((outboundPeak == null) ? 0 : outboundPeak.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((outboundBurst == null) ? 0 : outboundBurst.hashCode());
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getQueryableId() {
        return getId();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Bistek is the Filipino version of Steak. It actually came from the word beefsteak and it is typically made with onions and strips of sirloin beef slowly cooked in soy sauce and calamansi juice. It can also be made on pork chops, chicken and fish.
Marinate slices of beef in soy sauce, calamansi juice, sugar, salt and pepper for 30 minutes.
Lightly fry onion rings in oil until it becomes transluscent and set aside.
Pour in the marinade and simmer for a few minutes.
When beef becomes tender add the onions.


Weakening exports and soaring imported energy costs lead to 94 per cent dive.
Japan's benchmark Nikkei index plunged more than eight per cent on Thursday before regaining some ground by the midday break.
The September trade figures which underlined views that sluggish exports are pushing Japan's economy into recession still represented a turnaround from August when Japan logged the first in-effect deficit in nearly 26 years.
The resource-poor country spent slightly less on energy imports in September than it did in August, reflecting recent declines in crude oil prices.
The world's No 2 economy is saddled with high costs for oil, coal and natural gas, pushing up imports by 28.8 per cent amid a steady decline in overseas demand for Japanese goods.
Total exports rose slightly by 1.5 per cent as shipments of cars and consumer goods to North America and Europe fell, reflecting the spreading fallout of the global financial crisis.
For the April-September period, Japan's trade surplus shrank 85.6 per cent to $8.14bn.


Reticulocytes are non-nucleated immature red cells in peripheral blood, containing residual RNA. After erythroid precursors lose their nuclei, another 4 days is required for the resulting reticulocytes to mature and lose their RNA. Normally the first 3 days are spent in the marrow, and the last day in peripheral blood. Early reticulocytes continue to synthesize hemoglobin; approximately 25% of total red cell hemoglobin content is produced during this stage of development.
The reticulocyte count is useful as an index of effective red cell production. It is usually expressed as a percentage of total red cells and as an absolute count (number of reticulocytes per uL). The percentage value is falsely elevated in patients with anemia. This bias is overcome by correcting reticulocyte percentage according to the patient's red cell count using the following formula.
The percentage value reported by Saint Luke's Regional Laboratories has already been corrected in this way. Absolute reticulocyte count does not require correction.
Clinical laboratory techniques of reticulocyte enumeration are based on detection of cytoplasmic RNA. Originally, reticulocyte count was performed by microscopic examination of peripheral blood smears stained with a supravital dye. Today, reticulocyte counts have been included in automated hematology analyzers. Automated methods have the advantage of enumerating large numbers of cells, thereby greatly improving precision, accuracy and efficiency. Additional reticulocyte parameters such as reticulocyte maturation index and immature reticulocyte fraction can also be determined.
Automated reticulocyte counting is based on flow cytometry technology that includes light scatter and immunofluorescence of a RNA specific dye, such as auramine-O used by Sysmex hematology analyzers. Red blood cells are discriminated from platelets and white blood cells by forward versus side scatter analysis. Reticulocytes are then differentiated from mature red cells from reticulocytes by the level of green fluorescence intensity. The reticulocyte population is automatically divided into low, intermediate and high fluorescence populations and the percentage of cells in each fraction is calculated.
The reticulocyte count is one of the major parameters used in the initial classification of anemia, allowing one to distinguish hypoproliferative from hyperproliferative causes. Reticulocytes are increased in anemic patients with functional bone marrows. This includes patients with blood loss or hemolytic anemias and patients who have been successfully treated for other types of anemia. In contrast, patients with bone marrow aplasia, bone marrow infiltration or nutritional deficiencies have a very low corrected reticulocyte count (less than 2%).
Automated reticulocyte counting methods have led to the ability to measure stages of reticulocyte maturity, based on RNA content. The immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF) is the sum of reticulocyte fractions with medium and high fluorescence. A rise in IRF is one of the earliest indicators of bone marrow engraftment or recovery from intensive chemotherapy. The IRF can also be used as an early indicator of response to erythropoietin therapy in patients with chronic renal failure and other diseases.
Reference range for reticulocyte count is shown in the following table.
Reference range for the IRF is 0.0-0.1. Specimen requirement is one 5mL lavender top tube of blood and can be the same tube used for CBC.


Close your deals in style with this casual yet professional case tucked under your arm. The zip-close interior holds a MacBook Air or Retina MacBook Pro. Sensibly placed pockets offer plenty of storage for cables, chargers, flash drives, business cards and more. There's even space inside for an iPad or similarly sized tablet.
Features of this Zip-Close Leather Clutch-Style Portfolio Case for MacBook and iPad.
** Perfect for a MacBook and iPad.
Specifications of this Zip-Close Leather Clutch-Style Portfolio Case for MacBook and iPad.
** Dimensions: Vary by model.


Essentially we're all about the environment, everyday we plant trees and manage landscapes to ensure habitat for both plants and animals, on land and in our waterways.
Evolve Environmental Solutions was created to meet the growing demand for specialized environmental landscaping. Our strength is providing positive outcomes for all parties involved with the process of designing, building and maintaining environmentally sensitive projects.
Most importantly, our strengths ensure a better outcome for our environment, carried out by the most professionally qualified team in the environmental construction industry delivering the best solutions to ecological challenges.
Established in 2012, the team at Evolve Environmental Solutions set out to create a business focused on professionalism and customer service evidenced through strong ecological outcomes. Managed by a team that includes qualified horticulturalists, an environmental scientist and a landscape architect, the team have over 30 years of combined experience across the landscape, nursery and design industries. Our highly qualified and motivated construction teams operate with long term environmental restoration practices in mind. This demonstrated level of experience and environmental understanding ensures Evolve is one of the few companies in Queensland providing qualified staff across all levels of the business who are dedicated and passionate about the environment.
Evolve prides itself on providing quality service to all clients no matter how large or small the project.
Safety – A full-time safety officer with many years' experience in designing site specific safety plans. Evolve staff conduct daily prestart meetings addressing the specific requirements of each project and their site conditions. Weekly toolbox talks are performed to discuss any relevant safety issues.
Evolves quality assurance system provides certainty that all work is performed with integrity and care in the pursuit of continued improvement.
As part of Evolves quality assurance management system, Evolve does not use unpaid or unskilled labour when working on projects. As an ethical business, Evolve only employ skilled labour to perform landscaping works.


text:
Top 10 Best GTA 4 Mods For PC That Will Make You Forget About GTA 5
Muhammad Kumar - Aug 06, 2021 | PC/Console
Modding GTA 4 is essential if you are going to play the game in 2021. Here are the best mods that you should use to improve your gameplay experience.
How To Run GTA 5 On Low End PCs: Improve FPS, Fix Lags... And More
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Complete List Of All GTA 4 Cheats For PC
Despite GTA 5's massive popularity, if you want to actually get into the franchise, GTA 4 is much better than GTA 5. However, the game has been out for over a decade, and because of that, its graphics and some mechanics are fairly outdated. Mods are the solution to this issue - in this article, we are going to list out the top 10 best GTA 4 mods for PC.
10 - LCPD First Response
Cops have always been a big part of the game, ever since GTA 1 back in the 1990s. However, the police system in GTA 4 is rather outdated, especially if you have played GTA 5. This mod would completely change that by introducing a realistic arrest system. Now you'll have to be reported and identified before the police send any forces after you.
Furthermore, while running this mod, you'll also run into the police making arrests and the like throughout the city much more often. This makes Liberty City feel slightly more active and alive.
LCPD First Response is one of the most useful GTA 4 Mods For PC.
9 - Snow Mod
The real-life New York City looks the best during winter, with snowfall weather provides a pure white blanket, covering the whole city's sidewalks and dusty ceilings. This Snow Mod introduces a massive snow day to Liberty City, reproduce the magical effect of real-life New York City in GTA IV.
This gives GTA 4 an entirely different atmosphere: Rooftops, roads, windowsills, and trees are all covered in snow - which you can even pick up and throw at NPCs!
8 - HQ GTA V Weapon Pack
If you feel like you don't have enough weapons to use in GTA 4, this GTA 5 weapon pack would definitely be one of your top choices. The mod ports various weapons in GTA 5 and gives them to Niko Bellic. The Assault Rifle, Double Barrel Shotgun, Carbine Rifle, and Micro SMG are only some of the fantastic guns included in this pack.
HQ GTA V Weapon Pack Mod
7 - Spiderman IV
You can turn into Marvel's Spider-Man using this mod. Before there was Marvel's Spider-Man, modders had to make do with what they had. Spiderman IV will let you swing around the GTA IV version of New York as the famous Marvel hero, with incredibly well-made animations.
Furthermore, the mod also gives you Spider-Man's superpower, Spider-Sense, which warns you of nearby dangers like the police or shootouts between gangs.
6 - Realistic Driving & Flying
Vehicles are one of the essential parts of any GTA game. While GTA 4 is certainly decent, it still has room to improve. The Realistic Driving & Flying mod will implement massive handling improvements for each of the 170 vehicles present in Liberty City individually.
The modder gave each car a customized center of mass, plus other variables that interact with the game's physics, to create more realistic handling. Driving definitely feels better with this mod installed.
Realistic Driving & Flying Mod is one of the most realistic GTA 4 mods for PC.
5 - Ultimate Textures
Graphics mod is important if you want a more appealing and realistic GTA experience. You will spend a lot of time running or driving over them after all. The Ultimate Textures mod replaces several textures all around Liberty City, from vehicles to roads.
The best improvement, however, is made to road asphalt textures. Overall, they look intricately detailed, almost lifelike.
4 - GTA 4 Beautification Project – Graphical Overhaul
This mod is a beautification project to improve all aspects of graphics in GTA 4. It has Custom ENB settings with a more natural look, which makes GTA 4 less muddy. SMAA and reflections added - these are modern features that aren't included in GTA 4's base game.
The best part about Beautification Project is that it does not affect the performance of your PC at all.
GTA 4 Beautification Project does not affect performance at all.
3 - GTA Environment Mod
This is one of the most popular mods to improve the game's environment. GTA Environment Mod focuses on providing more natural lighting, making the game look more realistic. All weather types are manually tweaked one by one - this results in more sophisticated reflective surfaces and better shadow calculations.
All water reflections are improved as well. With this mod installed, you can look up to the sky and find gorgeous HD cloud textures staring back down.
2 - Ultimate Graphic Tweak
This mod is best used in combination with the previously mentioned GTA Environment Mod. Ultimate Graphic Tweak adds several post-processing effects to GTA IV's graphics, including better motion blur and depth of field effects.
Ultimate Graphic Tweak Mod
It also gets rid of low-quality dotted shadows in favor of more realistic-looking and smoother ones. However, you might be hit with a sizable performance cost.
This is one of the best GTA 4 Mods For PC
1 - American Sleep
This is a compilation of GTA 4 Mods For PC that come packaged together to tell a story. It is one of the only mods that comes with its own story. American Sleep picks up right after GTA IV, with protag emptied his whole bank account during the main campaign and is currently completely broke.
American Sleep also adds various survival elements, including Basic Needs like eating and staying hydrated. You'll have to learn how to survive poverty in Liberty City and climb back to the top, with the world having a lot of bizarre new mechanics.
Interested in more of our articles related to the GTA Series? Please check out this post to find out more about How To Make A Crew In GTA 5 And GTA Online.
#GTA 4