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Культ предков ( — «старый человек, старые люди») — поклонение умершим прародителям и сородичам, вера в покровительство умерших предков живым родственникам, умилостивительные обряды, совершаемые в честь предков членами семьи или родственного коллектива.

Культ предков зародился в условиях патриархально-родового строя. Основываясь на вере в душу умершего, опираясь на авторитет и патриархальную власть родовых старейшин, он освящал существовавшие отношения в семейно-родовом коллективе, укреплял его единство. Важное место в культовой практике Марийцымарийцев занимало почитание умерших, якобы продолжающих жить в потустороннем мире под наблюдением и руководством владыки загробного мира Киямат Тора и его помощников — Савус (управителя) и Капка Орол (охранника ворот).

Умершие, в зависимости от образа жизни на земле, могли попасть в светлый (праведные люди) или тёмный (злые колдуны, воры, преступники и др.) мир. Они, по мнению верующих, в то же время не прерывали связь с родственниками, периодически навещали их и могли оказывать содействие или же, наоборот, в случае невнимания к ним — нанести вред.

В честь каждого умершего человека проводили поминки на 3-й, 7-й, 40-й день. На 40-й день вместо умершего его роль играл заместитель (Вургем Чийше), который на прощание исполнял любимую песню покойного, давал наказы своим родным. Считалось, что ежегодно в предпасхальную среду и Семык умершие посещали родственников, поэтому в честь них проводились семейно-родственные поминки.

Предки обладали способностью регулировать семейные, общинные отношения, налаживать контакты с духами и божествами, помогать людям в хозяйственных делах. Каждый человек, в зависимости от возраста, близости к предкам, имел строго определённое иерархическое положение в обществе. Мужчины преклонного возраста как реальные заместители предков на земле пользовались наибольшим уважением и почётом. Молодые же обязаны были почитать старших, учиться у них житейскому опыту. Под влиянием этих представлений получали освящение существующие в обществе обычно-правовые нормы, моральные установки, правила поведения, этикет.

См. также
 Марийские погребальные обряды

Примечания

Литература

Марийская мифология
Марийцы


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Mufti of Jerusalem Rejects Majority Palestinian Arab State
Dr. Izzat Tannous, an Arab Christian, headed the Arab Center in London, an organization formed to promote support for the Palestinian Arabs. In 1936, he was a supporter of the Mufti of Jerusalem (shown in the photo exiting the offices of the Palestine Royal Commission) and a member of an Arab delegation to London. Palestinian Arab delegations went to London half a dozen times between 1920 and 1936 to protest British policy of supporting the development of the Jewish National Home, while urging Palestinian Arab self-government. According to British Colonial Secretary Malcolm MacDonald, Tannous "tended to be a moderate, therefore his influence in Palestine was not very great…he [was] a man capable of reason and some courage…whatever influence he may have had would be exerted on the side of peace."
Tannous, still like many of his Palestinian peers, vigorously opposed Zionism and the development of the Jewish national home; specifically, he opposed the British policy of promoting the 1937 partition of Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish states. In 1938, the British withdrew the partition idea as quickly as they had introduced it. Partition was deemed unworkable primarily because the Arab state would not have been economically viable. Arab leaders in surrounding states were also clamoring for partition to be stillborn. In its new policy statement on Palestine released in early 1939, Britain proposed to severely limit Jewish immigration and land purchase, and to establish a unitary state in Palestine that would come about within a decade. In such a state the Arab population would have become a majority and the Jews a minority. Tannous and all members of the Arab Higher Committee were in favor of accepting such a solution. The only dissenting and apparently important voice was that of Hajj Amin al Husayni, the Mufti of Jerusalem.
The Mufti had enormous power in his hands, yet he chose non-engagement with the British. Furthermore, he chose not to take any political path that might sometime in the future compromise total and absolute Palestinian Arab control over all of Palestine. He did not want to consider sharing any present or future political power with any other Arab leader in Palestine, and he steadfastly opposed any Jewish presence in Palestine, even with minority status. For the Mufti, there simply was no place for the Jews or Zionists in Palestine.
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This very rare opportunity allows you to truly get a new perspective on the world. Join Dr. Charles Fein for an insider tour of the University of Hawai'i Institute for Astronomy 18-acre Haleakala Observatory, including an introduction to their two astronomical telescope facilities. We've paired this two-hour tour with a $100 gift certificate to Kula Bistro. Stop on your way up to grab a picnic to go, or swing in on your way home for tasty way to end the day.


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"The drivers are not just Kings of the Road anymore, they are now the associates of progress," Kasama Kita sa Barangay Foundation, Inc. (KKSBFI) General Manager Romyl Junio said during the first-ever Tricycle Operators and Drivers' Association (TODA) Day held at the Tricycle Terminal, April 3.
Balon Bayambang is truly routing a fast-paced development, producing new facilities and establishments intended to respond to public demand; including the new terminal for tricycles located near the town plaza. Tricycles are considered the most important means of transport and the terminal had been primarily beneficial to all Bayambangueños, especially the students who need a place to shed while waiting for vehicles on their way home or to their school.
"Among any other towns, Bayambang ranks first in the courtesy of its drivers; they are not just courteous enough, they are also honest," Hermano Mayor Henry Fernandez proudly announced on his inspirational speech.
Moreover, proven not only to be diligent, the drivers of Bayambang were also blessed with different talents which were showcased during the TODA Got Talent: Search for Talentadong Tricycle Driver and Operator. The competition's winners included Francisco Manuel Jr. of Telbang (1st Prize:P10,000 & Trophy), Victor M. Claveria of Nalsian Norte (2nd Prize: P7,000 & Trophy), and Eduardo G. Villon of Pugo (3rd Prize: P5,000 & Trophy). Meanwhile, the non-winning contestants did not go home empty-handed as each of them received P2,000 as consolation.
Gracing the occasion were Mayor Cezar T. Quiambao, Vice Mayor Raul R. Sabangan, the Municipal Councilors, Sen. Risa Hontiveros, Engr. Vici Ventanilla, and LGU department heads and employees.
This TODA Day was included in the 2019 Pista't Baley festivities to give due recognition to the hardworking assets of economic progress in Bayambang.


Premier League matches are coming thick and fast, with the latest round of fixtures arriving just days after the midweek games.
Bournemouth host Liverpool in the early kick-off on Saturday (4.30pm UAE), before Arsenal welcome Huddersfield Town, Brighton & Hove Albion head to Burnley, and Southampton travel to Cardiff City. Manchester United will take on Fulham, while Crystal Palace travel across London to face West Ham United (all at 7pm).
In the first of two late games on Saturday, champions Manchester City take on Chelsea in the blockbuster clash of the round at 9.30pm, before Leicester City host Spurs at 11.45pm.
There is just one game on Sunday, with Newcastle United facing Wolverhampton Wanderers at 8pm, while Everton host Watford on Monday at midnight.
Ahead of this round of fixtures, Jon Turner has made his predictions and explained his reasoning in the photo gallery above. To move on to the next photo, click on the arrows, or if using a mobile device, simply swipe.


View the floorplan to start planning your participation.
We anticipate over 3,000 residents and medical students to be in attendance July 25-27, 2019 in Kansas City, MO.
NEW - Exposition will be located in Halls D-E at the Kansas City Convention Center.
NEW - Exhibit Installation Hours: 7:00 am - 3:00 pm on Thursday, July 25.
NEW - *Resident Exhibit Hours: 3:00 - 5:00 pm on Thursday, July 25. View the full list of onsite times.
*Based on feedback from the resident attendees and resident exhibitors, we have added two hours dedicated just for residents to visit with exhibitors eager to speak with them in regards to physician employers, recruiters, publishers, healthcare products/services, etc. on Thursday, July 25 from 3:00 - 5:00 pm.
If you are exhibiting to reach the residents, please have your booth set by 3:00 pm on Thursday for this dedicated time to reach Residents.
View Manage My Booth to assist you with all your needs once your booth has been assigned.
Final record breaking registration numbers are listed below. Thank you to all exhibitors for helping make this conference a huge success!
Total attendance was 5,344 including exhibitors and other registration types.


This is a very full analysis of "Crane (Tim) - Elements of Mind - An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind", undertaken when I was an undergraduate at Birkbeck, though I intend to re-read and update it.
What follows are Crane's Chapter Summaries, taken from his TOC.
Follow the links for the Notes providing my analysis of the various Sections.
Chapter 1: "Crane (Tim) - Mind"
Note1 – Philosophy of mind and the study of mental phenomena: We have a scientific view of ourselves and a non-scientific view; philosophy has preoccupied itself with the question of if (and how) these views are compatible; but there is a prior question: what is the content of the non-scientific view we have of ourselves?
Note2 – Perspectives and points of view: The idea that having a mind is having a perspective on things, or on the world, introduced; the distinction between those creatures with a perspective and those without is vague, but it matches the vagueness in the concept of a mind.
Note3 – Perspectives and their objects: Two features of a perspective introduced: objects are presented within perspectives, and perspectives are partial, they let in some things and leave out others. These correspond to the two defining features of intentionality: 'directedness' and 'aspectual shape'.
Note4 – The origin of the concepts of intentionality and intension: The origin of the term 'intentionality' explained; intentionality as a mental feature should be distinguished from the logical feature, intensionality; the connection and difference between these ideas explained.
Note5 – Directedness and intentional objects: All intentional phenomena have two essential features: directedness upon an object and aspectual shape; the idea of an intentional object introduced; intentional objects are not a kind of thing; an intentional object is what is thought about.
Note6 – Aspectual shape and intentional content: Aspectual shape is the way in which something is apprehended in an intentional state or act; connections and differences are described between the idea of aspectual shape and Frege's idea of sense; for a state to have intentional content is for it to have an intentional object and a certain aspectual shape.
Note7 – The problem of intentionality: Various things are called the problem of intentionality: the problem discussed here is the problem of how intentional states can concern things that do not exist; the best solution is to deny that intentional states are relations to genuinely existing objects; internalism and externalism introduced.
Note8 – The structure of intentionality: All intentional states have intentional objects (something they are about) but they are not relations to these objects; rather, intentional states are relations to intentional contents; intentional contents need not be propositional; intentional modes introduced; the relational structure of an intentional state is subject—mode—content.
Chapter 2: "Crane (Tim) - Body"
Note9 – Interaction between mind and body: Descartes's view that he is not lodged in his body like a pilot in a ship endorsed; the mind and the body do interact causally; this is taken as a starting point for debate, not something which is in need of defence.
Note10 – Substance, property, event: Some basic metaphysical categories introduced; substance distinguished from attribute or property; a state is a thing having a property at a time; states are distinguished from events on the grounds that events are particulars with temporal parts; mental phenomena comprise both mental states and mental events (or 'acts').
Note11 – The 'intelligibility' of mental causation: Mental-physical causation may be considered problematic because of something about causation or something about the mental, or something about the physical; the first two of these dismissed; the problem of mental causation is a result of 'physicalist' assumptions about the physical world.
Note12 – Physics and physicalism: Physicalism distinguished from monism in general and from materialism; physicalism gives a special role to physics; the 'generality of physics' distinguished from the 'completeness of physics' and the 'explanatory adequacy of physics'.
Note13 – The problem of mental causation for dualists: The problem arises from the apparent conflict between mental causation and the completeness of physics; overdetermination of mental and physical causes ruled out.
Note14 – The identity theory: The identity theory solves the problem of mental causation by identifying mental and physical causes; which version of the identity theory is accepted depends on what the relata of causation are (events or properties).
Note15 – Reductionism: The identity theory is an ontologically reductionist theory; ontological reduction distinguished from explanatory reduction, a relation between theories; the two types of reduction are independent.
Note16 – Against the identity theory; anti-reductionism: The identity theory is implausible because of Putnam's variable or multiple realization argument; ontological reduction should therefore be rejected.
Note17 – The problem of mental causation for non-reductive physicalism: If ontological reduction is denied, then the problem of mental causation returns for non-reductive physicalism; the non-reductive physicalist response is to hold that the mental is necessarily determined by the physical; the difficulties with this view discussed.
Note18 – Emergence: An alternative non-physicalist position introduced: mental properties are 'emergent' properties with their own causal powers; this position denies the completeness of physics.
Note19 – Physicalism as the source of the mind-body problem: Some see physicalism as the source of the mind-body problem, not its solution; the problem here is how to explain the place of consciousness in the physical world; the contemporary mind-body problem as a dilemma: if the mind is not physical, then how can it have physical effects? But if the mind is physical, how can we understand consciousness?
Note20 – What does a solution to the mind-body problem tell us about the mind?: Whether the identity theory, non-reductive physicalism, or emergentism are true does not tell us much of interest about the nature of mental properties themselves.
Chapter 3: "Crane (Tim) - Consciousness"
Note21 – The conscious and the unconscious: Different senses of 'conscious' and 'unconscious' distinguished; Block's distinction between phenomenal and access consciousness discussed; our concern is with phenomenal consciousness; a state is phenomenally conscious when there is something it is like to be in that state.
Note22 – The distinction between the intentional and the qualitative: Mental phenomena are often divided into intentional and qualitative phenomena; this distinction is not very clear; many intentional states are phenomenally conscious; qualitative states are a variety of phenomenally conscious states, those having a sensory character.
Note23 – Qualia: The term 'qualia' defined: qualia are non-intentional conscious mental properties; it is a substantial thesis that qualitative character is explicable in terms of qualia.
Note24 – The intentionality of bodily sensation: Bodily sensation examined as the apparently best case for a non-intentionalist view of the mind; a proper conception of bodily sensation shows it to be intentional in the sense of §8; bodily sensations are ways of being aware of one's body.
Note25 – Strong intentionallsm and weak intentionallsm: Intentionalists believe that all mental states or acts are intentional; weak intentionalists hold that some intentional states or acts also have qualia which account for their phenomenal character; strong intentionalists deny this; strong intentionalism defended.
Note26 – Physicalism, consciousness, and qualia: The problems of consciousness for physicalism revisited; these problems do not depend on the existence of qualia; three arguments distinguished: the explanatory gap, the knowledge argument, and the zombie argument.
Note27 – The explanatory gap: The explanatory gap argument claims that consciousness remains beyond the explanatory reach of physicalism; this argument is shown to rest either on excessively strong understandings of physicalism and explanation, or on the zombie hypothesis.
Note28 – The knowledge argument examined: The knowledge argument is a sound argument against the view that all facts are physical facts; but physicalism should not define itself in that way.
Note29 – Zombies: The zombie argument is effective against the forms of physicalism discussed in §§14 and 17; if it is accepted, it provides a further motivation for emergence.
Note30 – The prospects for explaining consciousness: The prospects for a reductive account of consciousness summarized.
Chapter 4: "Crane (Tim) - Thought"
Note31 – Thoughts and beliefs: The term 'thought' will be used for a kind of mental state or act, not for the content of such states or acts.
Note32 – Consciousness and belief: Belief, properly so-called, is never conscious; belief is a mental state, not a mental act; what philosophers call 'conscious belief is really the event of becoming conscious of what one believes.
Note33 – Propositional attitudes: Russell's term 'propositional attitude' picks out those intentional states whose intentional content is evaluable as true or false; the nature of propositional content discussed; Fregean and neo-Russellian accounts compared.
Note34 – The propositional attitude thesis: The thesis that all intentional states are propositional attitudes introduced and rejected; the thesis is unmotivated and it has obvious counter-examples.
Note35 – De re and de dicto attitudes: Thoughts and attitudes can be described in a 'de re' or relational style as well as in the more usual 'de dicto' style; the fact that there are such de re ascriptions does not imply that there is a category of de re thoughts or attitudes; the nature of intentional states can be separated from the conditions for their ascription.
Note36 – Internalism and externalism: Externalists about intentionality believe that some intentional states or acts constitutively depend on the existence of their objects, while the strongest form of internalism denies this; it is argued that internalist intentionality is coherent, and that there is no prima facie intuitive case in favour of externalism.
Note37 – The argument for externalism: Externalists employ the influential 'Twin Earth' argument in favour of their position; internalists may challenge this argument in two ways; the most plausible way is to deny the externalist's claim that content determines reference; no positive argument for internalism is provided, though.
Note38 – Demonstrative thought: Demonstrative thoughts ('that F is G') have been claimed to be another source of externalist arguments; much of what externalists claim about demonstrative thought can be accepted by internalists.
Note39 – The prospects for explaining thought: The prospects for a reductive account of thought or intentionality briefly considered.
Chapter 5: "Crane (Tim) - Perception"
Note40 – The problem of perception: The phenomenological problem of perception distinguished from the epistemological and psychological problems; the phenomenological problem is a result of the conflict between the immediacy of perception and the 'Phenomenal Principle', once one allows the possibility of perfect hallucination.
Note41 – The argument from Illusion: The argument outlined, and its most plausible version defended; the argument is shown to rest on the 'Phenomenal Principle'.
Note42 – Perception as a form of intentionality: The way to solve the problem of perception is to give a correct account of the intentionality of perception; the 'Phenomenal Principle' rejected; the nature of perceptual contents and modes examined.
Note43 – The phenomenal character of perceptual experience: It is sometimes said that an intentionalist view of perception cannot account for the phenomenal character of perception; two kinds of evidence for this claim considered: introspective evidence and inverted spectrum/earth thought-experiments; introspective evidence shown to be inconclusive, once we understand intentionality in the proper way.
Note44 – Inverted spectrum, Inverted Earth: The inverted spectrum possibility (if it is one) presents no knock-down argument against intentionalism; Inverted Earth only presents a problem for a purely externalist version of intentionalism; if narrow perceptual content is coherent, then the inverted earth argument is unsuccessful.
Note45 – Perception as non-conceptual: A further aspect of the phenomenal character of perception introduced: its distinctness from belief and judgement; this is expressed by saying that perceptions have non-conceptual contents; this idea is clarified, motivated, and defended against its critics.


An actor dressed up as a zombie roams the Frankfurter Kunstverein museum during the 'Long Night of Museums' in Frankfurt, May 10. Museums and cultural institutions in the city and neighboring Offenbach remained open late into the night, drawing a crowd of some 35,000 people.
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Make leather from mushrooms, seaweed.
Make leather out of seaweed and mushrooms. Use fibers to weave, felt and color with natural plant dyes with famed textile designer Trish Langman. For more Textile Design classes with Trish, click here.
Trish Langman, designer for Ralph Lauren, Calvin Klein, Pendleton and many others.


Pick a fun iMessage game from five enjoyable options.
GamePigeon offers five game options for iMessage including 8-Ball, Poker, Sea Battle, Anagrams, and Gomoku.
With GamePigeon you can take on your friend in a game of 8-Ball, show your skills in Poker, claim victory in Sea Battle, play with words in Anagrams, or flip for fun in Gomoku. Go into full-screen mode with a tap and adjust your settings for music and sounds.
GamePigeon has a nice variety of iMessage games to play for almost every taste.
Have fun with your friends and family by playing a collection of excellent multiplayer games via iMessage!
More games are coming very soon!


Below is a listing of 2011 Corvette ZR1s that we currently have registered in the system.
Use the search box in the lower right hand corner of the table below by entering key words, or numbers to automatically locate the ZR1 you're looking for.
Note: Red serial number indicates a Pre-Production Corvette ZR1 otherwise known as a "Captured Test-Fleet" (CTF) Vehicle by GM. The CTF ZR1s were Manufacturing Validation Build Saleable vehicles that GM built to confirm both the manufacturing process and quality standards before dealer orders were accepted.
The Corvette Action Center does not have the resources to validate or confirm information provided to and for this Registry. Information provided in this Registry is as accurate as the information provided to us. It is not the intent of the Corvette Action Center to document fraudulent data, nor do we have the expertise to question beyond reason, information provided. The Corvette Action Center does due diligence to accurately document the 2009 - 2013 Corvette ZR1s listed in this Registry, but does not, nor will the Corvette Action Center advise, inspect or arbitrate information provided.


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Renault Achieves 1 Lakh Unit Export Milestone!
Home News Tesla Motors will Allow other automakers use their Patents
Tesla Motors will Allow other automakers use their Patents
June 13, 2014 | Rohan Patil
In a move which could accelerate the penetration of electric cars in the auto industry, Tesla Motors, the Palo Alto California based electric car maker, has announced that it will allow other automakers to use their patents.
With the depleting oil reserves and increasing air pollution, electric cars is the only viable option. Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk wants the world to drive electric vehicles so he has revealed the company will allow other automakers to use their patents and will "not initiate patent lawsuits against anyone who, in good faith, wants to use our technology."
Today, some major car makers are also researching on making electric cars affordable and more efficient. This move may just encourage them build electric cars with a large production volume.
Musk says the company originally obtained the patents because they were afraid larger automakers would copy their technology and then use their manufacturing and sales / marketing muscle to put them out of business. He goes on to say "We couldn't have been more wrong" as electric car programs at the major manufacturers are small to non-existent and the few electric vehicles they do offer have a limited range and production volume.
According to Musk, "Tesla Motors was created to accelerate the advent of sustainable transport. If we clear a path to the creation of compelling electric vehicles, but then lay intellectual property landmines behind us to inhibit others, we are acting in a manner contrary to that goal."
Source : Tesla Motors


Charlotte Brown joined the Center for Student Involvement and Leadership staff in August 2016. She earned her M.Ed. in College Student Affairs Administration from the University of Georgia and B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Alabama. Throughout her work experiences, service, leadership, and social justice remain the common thread. Charlotte is committed to providing educational opportunities that empower students to act as positive change agents in their community. For fun, she enjoys traveling, cooking, watching her favorite TV shows, and catching the latest performance at Hancher Auditorium!


TracFone's Page Plus Cellular has finally updated its $12 plan. The Twelve, as the plan is called, now includes 500 minutes, 500 SMS or MMS and 100 MB of data, twice as many minutes and messages and ten times as much data as before. It's still a "3G-only" plan, meaning that only non-LTE capable phones are allowed.
The 3G only restriction has been around since 2014 when LTE phones were first allowed on Verizon MVNOs. Supposedly Verizon charged MVNOs extra for LTE so Page Plus compensated by blocking LTE capable phones on its least expensive plans. I find it hard to believe that LTE service still costs TracFone more than 3G. Verizon has announced that they plan to shut 2G and 3G down at the end of 2019, so you would think they would be encouraging customers with non-LTE phones to upgrade. I suspect that real reason for the no LTE phones rule is that Page Plus wants to get users to switch to a more expensive plan. The lowest cost Page Plus plan that allows LTE phones costs $29.95/month.
In any case, if you want to use Page Plus' $12 plan you are going to have to find a Verizon whitelisted, non-LTE phone. Or better yet, use a different Verizon MVNO like Red Pocket, US Mobile or Expo Mobile that and allows LTE phones on low cost plans.
Pay As You GO - minimum top up $10 every 120 days, 4¢-10¢/min, 5¢SMS or MMS, 10¢/MB. Non-LTE phones only.
Page Plus charges state and local sales and e911 taxes in all states that have them plus a 1.5% Federal Universal Service Fee and a 0.2% Regulatory Cost Recovery Fee. Users can avoid the taxes by buying airtime from online vendors. Page Plus terms of service prohibit hotspot and tethering.
do you have a citation url for 3G shutdown on verizon? have seen articles that talk about 2G shutdown in 2019. understand that 2G & 3G refarming to LTE. but would like see "announcement" or anything from verizon saying 3G shutdown in 2019. thanks.
your linked articles deal primarily with the verizon 2G shutdown. that doesn't necessarily mean 3G is being shutdown. oh well doesn't matter. elsewhere saw that verizon wants both 2G & 3G completely shutdown by 2021. it could just be sooner. certainly for 2G.
but whatever. just curious in nailing this down with regards to verizon 3G. because want to know how long a lifetime that my old backup verizon iphone 4s has left. have pageplus paygo on that. but also have a freedomplus at&t LTE sim card on that, and at this point if verizon kills off 3G in 2019, then probably have a year so left on at&t until at&t kills off 3G and have to move that fp att lte sim card to a real at&t lte compatible phone.
Verizon's 3G EVDO technology is data-only. Without 2G, the only way to make calls will be with Voice over LTE (VoLTE). Any phone that doesn't support LTE and VoLTE will be a data only device.
....oh wait "10¢/MB for PAYG" *sigh* ...wrong decade, never mind.
Red Pocket has a much better deal. $10 for 500 minutes 500 SMS or MMS and 500 MB of data. If you buy a years worth of service at their Ebay store you can get it for $8.25/month and you can choose Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile or Sprint.
Ever since Tracfone bought PagePlus service has gone downhill. Constant outages and ignorant customer service. RedPocket has a much better deals for low usage service. Plus they run on all 4 carriers.
Page Plus and Net 10 are legacy brands like Gosmart, Simple and Family Mobile.
Between Total, Straight, and their main Trac brand,the extra 4 are redundant and uncompetitive.
They should just migrate all those customers over to Straight Talk and throw in Total's $5 addons, then operate Straight and Trac as their heavy and light usage offerings.
You don't seem to know much about branding.
"You don't seem to know much about branding."
I'd say 4 years working the roundup for the Circle K ranch wrangling dogies taught me more about branding that you city slickers will ever know!
Didn't this change take place a month ago or is there something new?
AFAIK, the changes to the $12 plan happened yesterday.
Nope. This change took place on Nov. 13.


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News and Views: June 2017
American Independence Won In The South
In snow shoe mouth deep they came that 27th day of September 1780, a long column of mounted riflemen full of wrath and anger. The long slender rifles of the frontier (aka Flintlock American Long Rifle, Pennsylvania Rifle, Kentucky Rifle) were balanced across their saddles and knives strapped on their belts. They were "Over Mountain Men" from western North Carolina in the area that would later become northeast Tennessee in 1796. Several years earlier they had formed little settlements along the Watauga, Holston, and Nolichunky rivers on the western side of the Appalachian mountains.
The Revolutionary War for American Independence had not affected them until earlier in this year and due to their remote location they were virtually independent of British and American government. But the war in the north which had been ongoing since 1775 had been fought to a stalemate. Now England had decided upon a Southern Strategy and the war moved from the north to the south. Georgia, the youngest and weakest of the 13 American colonies had fallen to the British with the capture of Savannah on Dec. 29,1778. The British and their loyalist American Tory forces had moved into South Carolina and American Continentals and Whig militia patriots had suffered devastating defeats at Charleston, Waxhaws, and Camden.
British Major Patrick Ferguson had been ordered by British General Charles Cornwallis to invade the South Carolina back country between the Catawba and Saluda rivers and recruit Loyalists and suppress Whig Patriots. Within days of his invasion of the Carolina up country Ferguson had recruited many Loyalist Tory British sympathizers and had began to hunt down and punish Whig Patriots. During the summer of 1780 "Over Mountain Men" militia had swept eastward and engaged Ferguson and his Loyalist Tories in fierce little engagements at Woffords Iron Works, Musgrove's Mill, Thicketty Fort, and Cedar Springs. Now they had recrossed the mountains back to their homes planning to resume resistance at a later time.
Ferguson made a decision that would prove fatal to him and his Loyalists. He paroled a Whig prisoner and sent him to inform Col. Isaac Shelby whom he considered the titular head of the "Over Mountain Men" or "Back Water Men" informing them that if they did not cease resistance to the British Crown that he would cross the mountains and hang the leaders, burn their houses, and lay waste to the area with "fire and sword". Col. Shelby met with Col.John Sevier (Nolichunky Jack) and a meeting of the mountain men took place at Sycamore Shoals on the Watauga river. A decision was made to carry the battle to Ferguson and it was to be a fight to the finish. They rode eastward, a column of about 450 men, and were joined by North Carolina, Virginia, South Carolina and Georgia militia and now numbered over 1000.
Ferguson and his 1100 Loyalist Tories took up a position on top of King's Mountain on the NC. and SC. line. The Patriot army had selected 900 of the best rifleman and best horses. All through the night they advanced toward King's Mountain and at 3 PM on October 7 they totally surprised the Loyalists. The Colonels on horseback horseshoed around the mountain and led the men fighting tree to tree to the top.
Ferguson was killed and the battle was a total Patriot victory.
Then at Cowpens South Carolina on Jan.17,1781 General Daniel Morgan and American Patriots defeated British Col..Banastre Tarlton. The victories of these two battles caused a British retreat to North Carolina where the American army engaged and bloodied them severely at Guilford Courthouse. With the help of the French fleet this led to surrender by the British at Yorktown Virginia on Oct. 19, 1781. On Sept. 3, 1783 England granted Independence to each of the 13 sovereign American colonies.
James W. King
Albany Commander Sons of Confederate Veterans may be contacted at jkingantiquearms@bellsouth.net
"Truth crushed to the earth is truth still, and like a seed will rise again." - Jefferson Davis
Marxist Socialism In America
By James W. King
Albany Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) Camp Commander
Students at James Madison High School in Madison Wisconsin want the name of the school changed because Madison owned slaves. Using slavery as an excuse is a Marxist Socialist Communist ploy to change all of America's history. and it's future. Socialism and Communism hide and operate behind the cloak of humanitarianism while they stealthily work to enslave the planet. These students in Madison Wisconsin and the Democratic Hillary supporters who are rioting and demonstrating in America's cities are "useful idiots" as defined by Communist Vladimir Lenin. They don't have a clue that they are helping work to enslave their children, grandchildren and future generations. Socialism and Communism are using slavery as an excuse to erase Southern and Confederate history and the history of America's founding fathers. Also Christianity is being attacked. Next will be the U.S. flag the "Stars and Stripes" and eventually American sovereignty. The Bible predicts the coming of an evil One World Government and human misery on a scale this world has never seen.
Young Americans are very susceptible to indoctrination and many of America's schools have become indoctrination centers. Karl Marx said "Separate people from their history so they can be easily persuaded-"The first step in liquidating a people is to erase its memory. Destroy its books, its culture, and its history. Then have somebody write new books, manufacture a new culture, invent a new history. Before long the nation will begin to forget what it is and what it was." -Karl Marx--Infamous European Socialist. Communist Vladimir Lenin is quoted "give us your child for 8 years and it will be a Bolshevik forever".
Socialist Communist Saul Alinsky wrote a book on how to create a Socialist country. Hillary Clinton and Obama studied his book. There are 8 levels of control to establish. The First and most important is HEALTH CARE-control health care and you control the people. Second-POVERTY-Increase the poverty level as high as possible. Poor people are easier to control and will not fight back if they are given all they need to live. Third-DEBT-Increase debt to an unsustainable level. This allows an increase in taxes which will produce more poverty. Fourth-GUN CONTROL-remove people's ability to fight the government and then create a police state. Fifth-WELFARE-take control of food housing and income. Sixth-EDUCATION-control the news media and what children are taught in school. Seventh-RELIGION-remove God from government and schools. Eighth-CLASS WARFARE-divide people into wealthy and poor. This will cause discontent and allow the wealthy to be taxed to support the poor.
The three part conversion of the American Republic to Socialism began in 1861 with the Yankee "War of Northern Aggression"-the Political phase. The Economic Phase started in 1913 with income tax, Federal Reserve and direct election of senators followed by the Cultural Phase in 1960-the Welfare and Nanny state. It is sucking America into the Marxist Quagmire.
Contact me jkingantiquearms@bellsouth.net to receive my article"10 Causes of Southern Secession" and other articles defending Confederate history, heritage, and culture.
ANSWERING THE MYTHS
By Jeff Paulk
cwipaulk@earthlink.net
The Marxists, and those brainwashed by the Marxists, have long contended the reasons for the War of Northern Aggression to be different from what true history reveals. They slander our flags, calling them symbols of racism, and call our heroes traitors. Here we will answer and debunk those myths.
MYTH #1 - The war was all about freeing the slaves.
TRUTH – The war had nothing to do with slavery. The proposed Corwin Amendment, by Congressman Thomas Corwin of Ohio, would have FOREVER prohibited the abolition of slavery if the seceded states would but rejoin the union and ratify the amendment. The South refused. Why? If it wanted to protect slavery you would think the South would have jumped on this. Besides this, the Crittendon-Johnson Resolution stated that the war was not for the "purpose of overthrowing or interfering with the rights or established institutions of those states".
On July 22, 1861, the U.S. Congress passed a joint resolution stating the purpose of the war:
"Resolved…That this war is not being prosecuted on our part in any spirit of oppression, not for any purpose of conquest or subjugation, nor purpose of overthrowing or interfering with the rights or established institutions of those states, but to defend and maintain the supremacy of the Constitution and all laws made in pursuance thereof and to preserve the Union, with all the dignity, equality and rights of the several States unimpaired; and that as soon as these objects are accomplished the war ought to cease."
This is further proof that the war was NOT fought over slavery. The North did, however, conquer and subjugate the South, and the war they initiated and waged against the South was both unconstitutional and treasonous. It was fought to force the legally seceded South back into the union for the purpose of continuing the collection of excessive tariffs, which economically damaged the South, but was of economical benefit to the northern industrialists.
In his inaugural address, Lincoln stated that he would continue the collection of revenues "by force if necessary". He wanted the money that the South had been paying into the federal government. The South was footing over 85% of the tax burden but only had 1/3 of the population. The Northern industrialists and bankers were reaping the benefits of this. Also, if the war was "all about slavery", why was it that Union General Grant had slaves, but Confederate General Robert E. Lee had none? Why was West Virginia (which was illegally and unconstitutionally formed) allowed to cede into the union on the condition that it could keep its slaves? Why was Union General Fremont's order freeing slaves in Missouri countermanded by Lincoln and the slaves sent back to their masters?
Why were there more union soldiers that owned slaves than there were Confederate soldiers that owned slaves?
Also, not one single letter has been found written by Union or Confederate soldiers stating that they were fighting to "free the slaves". Numerous Confederate letters state that the Confederacy was fighting for independence and in defense of their homes and families.
"The sole object of this war," said Grant, "is to restore the Union. Should I become convinced it has any other object, or that the Government designs using its soldiers to execute the wishes of the Abolitionists, I pledge you my honor as a man and a soldier I would resign my commission and carry my sword to the other side."
-Democratic Speaker's Handbook, p. 33
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corwin_Amendment
MYTH #2 - The South wanted to protect and perpetuate slavery to the western territories.
TRUTH – Well, that myth is beyond absurd. Common sense refutes this myth. By the very act of seceding from the union and establishing its own country, the South locked itself OUT of any rights to territories belonging to the U.S. The Confederate Constitution outlawed the importation of slaves, so if it wanted to "protect and perpetuate" slavery, why did it outlaw the importation of slaves? Slavery was dying out in the South and there were five times as many abolition groups in the South than in the North. The South wanted to be done with slavery and many had already freed their slaves. If the South wanted to "protect slavery", it had only to stay in the union where it was already protected. The South was working towards gradual emancipation so that the blacks could gradually be prepared to enter society as free people. The ending of slavery in the South was a byproduct of the war, not the cause for it.
MYTH #3 - The South started the war by firing on Ft. Sumter.
TRUTH – The firing on Ft. Sumter was what Lincoln had planned on. He lied when he said that he would not resupply the forces there. If Lincoln abandoned the fort, he risked legitimizing the Confederacy. Northern sentiment was mostly in favor of recognizing the newly formed Confederacy. Lincoln needed to change that opinion. He crafted the plan of resupplying the troops there, knowing the South would not permit this and fire the first shots. Remember, the one who fires first is not necessarily the aggressor, but the one who causes that shot to be fired. Lincoln wrote to Lieutenant Gustavus Fox, "You and I both anticipated that the cause of the [Federation] would be advanced by making the attempt to provision Fort Sumter, even if it should fail; and it is no small consolation now to feel that our anticipation is justified by the results." Lincoln provoked the firing on Ft. Sumter according to plan. Now he could launch his war on the Confederacy, illegal as it was.
("The Real Lincoln", by Charles L. C. Minor, pages 88, 256, 257)
MYTH #4 – The secession declarations prove the South seceded to protect slavery.
TRUTH – While several of the Declarations do mention slavery, and the states call themselves "slave states", these documents have to be interpreted in the context in which they were written. You have to get into that period of history to understand their meaning. For decades the South had been the victim of slander, lies, and propaganda at the hands of the Northern press, authors, and even pastors.
"Four seceding Southern states published some form of declaration of their reasons for secession. These were South Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, and Texas. Many modern academic allies of the Northern War to Prevent Southern Independence have recently taken up the cry that because these declarations have many references to slavery that they are proof that the war was all about slavery. First of all, however, there is a difference between the cause of the war and the causes for secession. The cause of the war was Lincoln's call for 75,000 troops to invade the Southern states. This invasion immediately triggered four more states secessions – Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas – in addition to protests from the governors of Kentucky and Missouri, and unrest in Maryland.
In addition, the substance of the secession declarations must be interpreted in their political/economic and constitutional contexts. The Northern Union had become an oppressive government dedicated to Northern regional dominance and almost exclusively Northern economic prosperity. States Rights were the primary bulwark against this Northern regionalism. Many modern apologists for the Union cause also fail to recognize that these declarations, following South Carolina's example, were building a legal case against Northern breaches of the Constitution. Moreover, much of the language of these declarations was a protest against the constant inflammatory distortions and repeated attacks on Southern honor by radical abolitionists in Congress and in the Northern press.
The Mississippi declaration included an admission of its economic dependence on slave labor. However, over-dramatizing this admission in accusatory terms fails to recognize a genuine dilemma. Many Southerners, probably a majority, would have gladly rid themselves of slavery. But how could it be done without destroying the economies of the major cotton producing states and severely damaging New York banking and shipping interests? Many also saw the necessity of preparing the slaves to compete in a free economy before emancipation. Many would have followed the British model of gradual emancipation with compensation to slave owners.
What the secession declarations prove is that Southerners had strong reasons to believe that their political rights and economic welfare were unsafe under Northern political dominance."
("The Un-Civil War", by Leonard M. Scruggs, pages 27-28)
MYTH #5 – Secession was treason.
TRUTH – Secession being legal was taught at West Point from William Rawle's "Views on the Constitution" published in 1825. It was used as a text book for one year and remains in the library today. Americans who oppose secession for the Southern states find themselves bed partners with the communist generals of Yugoslavia and communist hard-liners of the former Soviet Union. What was condemned in 1861 was sanctioned by the Republican Party in 1991 when Vaclav Havel of Czechoslovakia withdrew his country from the Soviet Union's orbit, but Jefferson Davis and his fellow Southerners are called traitors for doing the same thing.
The 10th Amendment protects a states' right to withdraw from the union. If a state voluntarily joined, it can voluntarily withdraw.
New England threatened to secede over the War of 1812, yet no force was threatened against them to remain in the union. Our Founding Fathers knew secession was a right held by the states.
"Among the Founding Fathers there was no doubt. The United States had just seceded from the British Empire, exercising the right of the people to "alter or abolish" — by force, if necessary — a despotic government. The Declaration of Independence is the most famous act of secession in our history, though modern rhetoric makes "secession" sound somehow different from, and more sinister than, claiming independence.
The original 13 states formed a "Confederation," under which each state retained its "sovereignty, freedom, and independence." The Constitution didn't change this; each sovereign state was free to reject the Constitution. The new powers of the federal government were "granted" and "delegated" by the states, which implies that the states were prior and superior to the federal government."
"After Lincoln's illegal War of Northern Aggression, Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederacy, was arrested and placed in prison prior to a trial. The trial was never held, because the chief justice of the Supreme Court, Mr. Salmon Portland Chase, informed President Andrew Johnson that if Davis were placed on trial for treason the United States would lose the case because nothing in the Constitution forbids secession. That is why no trial of Jefferson Davis was held, despite the fact that he wanted one!
Because of our progressive-liberal public education system, many Americans now believe the myth that secession is treasonable. The Declaration of Independence was, in fact, a declaration of secession. Its final paragraph declares inarguably the ultimate sovereignty of each state:
That these united colonies are, and of right ought to be free and independent states; that they are absolved of all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as free and independent states, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent states may of right do.
Following the Declaration of Independence, each colony established by law the legitimacy of its own sovereignty as a state. Each one drew up, voted upon, and then ratified its own state constitution, which declared and defined its sovereignty as a state. Realizing that they could not survive upon the world stage as thirteen individual sovereign nations, the states then joined together formally into a confederation of states, but only for the purposes of negotiating treaties, waging war, and regulating foreign commerce." Charles Pitts
If secession was not legal, why did the U.S. Congress try to pass an amendment making it illegal AFTER the Southern states seceded?
("The South Was Right", by James Ronald Kennedy and Walter Donald Kennedy, pages 195-217)
http://radioboston.legacy.wbur.org/2012/06/15/new-england-succession
http://www.theimaginativeconservative.org/2012/12/the-right-to-secede.html
MYTH #6 – The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves.
TRUTH - You say, "His Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves! That proves he was against slavery." Lincoln's words: "I view the matter (Emancipation Proclamation) as a practical war measure, to be decided upon according to the advantages or disadvantages it may offer to the suppression of the rebellion." He also wrote: "I will also concede that emancipation would help us in Europe, and convince them that we are incited by something more than ambition." At the time Lincoln wrote the proclamation, war was going badly for the Union. London and Paris were considering recognizing the Confederacy and considering assisting it in its war effort.
All one has to do to debunk this myth is to actually read the Proclamation. It "freed" slaves in areas NOT under federal control, but expressly left them in bondage where it actually could have freed them. Over 100,000 union troops deserted after the Emancipation Proclamation was made public.
(http://www.wnd.com/2013/02/abe-lincoln-a-closet-secessionist/)
MYTH #7 – The South treated blacks terribly.
TRUTH - From, "The Truths of History", pgs. 92, 93.
The South claims that race prejudice has been, and now is, far greater in the North than in the South.
In his "Democracy in America", De Toqueville, the French writer, says;
"Though the electoral franchise has been conferred on the negroes in all the free States, if they come forward to vote their lives are in danger. Negroes may serve by law on juries but prejudice repels them from office. They have separate schools, separate hospital wards, and separate galleries in the theaters. In the South it is quite different with the negro. Undoubtedly, the prejudice of the race appears to be much stronger in the States that have abolished slaves than in the States where slavery still exists.
White carpenters, white bricklayers, and white painters will not work side by side with the blacks in the North, but do it in almost every Southern State unless Northern men among their workmen oppose it."
Negroes left their homes in Alabama to work in Illinois, but many were killed and others driven from the State. Were the murderers of those Negroes ever brought to trial?
One Republican said: "If any more Negroes come to Illinois, I will meet them on the border with gatling-guns!"
Mr. Seward, March 3, 1858 said: "The white man needs this continent to labor in and must have it."
The Legislature of Kansas, the home of John Brown, said: "This state is for whites only."
In 1850, 1855 and 1865, Michigan refused suffrage to free Negroes.
In 1864 no Negro could vote in Nevada.
"In Illinois (Lincoln's State) no negro nor mulatto was allowed to remain in the State ten days. If a negro came into the State he was to be sold at auction."
In twenty-seven counties of Indiana no negro was allowed to live. If any white man encouraged him to come to the State he was fined.
In Boston the Negroes are segregated.
In Ohio the Negroes were warned if they did not segregate some dire calamity would befall them.
In New York City and Washington City this question of segregation is of serious import today and under constant discussion.
No negro can live in Oregon.
As to the condition of the slaves in the South under the institution of slavery, Major-General Quitman, of New York, an army officer who was stationed near a Mississippi plantation before the war, says in a letter to his father:
"Every night she has family prayers with her slaves. When a minister comes, which is very frequently, prayers are said night and morning, and chairs are always provided for the servants.
"They are married by a clergyman of their own color, and a sumptuous supper is always prepared. They are a happy, careless, unreflecting, good-natured race-who left to themselves would degenerate into drones or brutes. They have great family pride and are the most arrant aristocrats in the world."
(The Secession War in America," by J.P. Shaffull, published in New York, 1862)
By the above accounts, blacks were treated well in the South and horribly bad in the North. There were laws against the mistreatment of slaves, though it did happen, it was not common.
MYTH #8 – The Confederate Flag is a symbol of racism and hate.
TRUTH - St. Andrew, a disciple of Jesus Christ, was martyred by crucifixion at Patras, Greece, ordered by the Roman governor. He deemed himself unworthy of being crucified and nailed to a Latin cross like Jesus Christ. He requested crucifixion on an "X"-shaped cross and to be bound, not nailed. He preached the word of God to all that passed until he died. His martyrdom was during the reign of Nero, A.D. 60. Latin and Greek churches keep Nov. 30, his death date, as a day of feast. St. Andrew is honored as chief patron by Russia and Scotland. Here are some more interesting facts surrounding the flag:» In the 1860s, two-thirds of the country's population was Scotch or Scotch Irish. This flag design was a carryover of the Scottish National Flag and ancestry.» No historical document exists to support that this flag represented hate, slavery, racism, deceit, infamy or repression. Not one flag of the Confederacy was ever described in its placement to represent anything other than the Confederate States of America.» No Confederate ship ever ran slaves.» The Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) adopted the battle flag as part of its logo in 1896, long before "hate" groups began to abuse the flag, and they condemn misuse of any Confederate flag.» The KKK and other "hate" groups didn't use the flag until late 1950s/early 1960s. In his book "What They Fought For, 1861-1865," historian James McPherson, after reading more than 25,000 letters and over 100 soldier diaries from both sides of the War for Southern Independence, concluded that Confederate soldiers "fought for liberty and independence from what they regarded as a tyrannical government."
Here, Mr. King tells it well.
Before you attack the Confederate soldiers' Battle flag, see how Old Glory will compare: http://www.vdare.com/fallon/confederate.htm
The Confederate Flag and the United States Flag are judged by different standards and criteria, and are not held to the same levels of accountability. In analytical science and weights and measures, comparisons are made against known standards. However, in politics comparisons are never made in a fair and impartial manner. In order to understand the hypocrisy, ignorance, and bias that have been directed against the Confederate Flag, it is necessary to use the U.S. Flag (Stars and Stripes) as a standard of comparison. The purpose of this comparison is not to berate or disparage the U.S. Flag, but is to prove that the Confederate Flag has received unfair and unequal treatment. The genocide and racial cleansing of the American Indians took place under the U.S. Flag. Their land was taken without fair and just compensation. Indians died by the thousands as they were forced on to reservations and subjected to starvation and deadly diseases. The Trail of Tears endured by the Cherokee is an example. In the American West, cavalry troopers murdered entire villages including babies in their mother's arms.
The U.S. Flag Flew over an unconstitutional and criminal war conducted against The Confederate States of America. Abraham Lincoln conducted this war for the benefit of wealthy Northern industrialists. Atrocities against Southern civilians and military are listed in the book, The Uncivil War: Union Army and Navy Excesses in the Official Records. Furthermore, slaves were imported from Africa to America primarily by five Northern States: New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island. The Confederate Flag was not involved in the importation of slaves.
Finally, the U.S. Flag flies over a nation that has murdered an estimated 42 million babies by abortion. Confederate leaders would never have voted for abortion or nominated judges that would legalize abortion. Political Correctness has been used to attempt bans of The Confederate Flag from schools, parades, public and private property, and even historical monuments and sites. The Confederate flag represents Constitutional Limited Federal Government, States Rights, Resistance to Government Tyranny, and Christian Values and Principles. To say that it represents racism and bigotry is a negative and shallow interpretation comparable to saying the U.S. flag represents the genocide of the American Indians and abortion. James W. King
(Let it also be noted here that it was Northerners, New Englanders to be specific, who built the slave ships and transported their cargo of human flesh to the U.S. and sold them to Northerners and Southerners. It was the North that grew and perpetuated slavery, not the South. Slavery died in the North because it was not as useful in an industrialized society as it was in an agricultural one, and Northerners refused to work alongside of blacks. Those who slander the South, blame it for slavery, and slander it and its symbols are clearly ignorant of true history.)
"Truth crushed to the earth is truth still, and like a seed will rise again." Jefferson Davis


Company History/1960 | ARKRAY, Inc.
Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku is established by Tadashi Doi in Shimoyokonawa-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto.
Awarded the Best Supporting Company Prize by Shimadzu Corporation.
Along with business expansion, establishes a 300m2 factory in Nakajima-cho, Mukaijima Fushimi-ku, Kyoto.
Headquarters moved to another location.
Develops and manufactures a detector for infrared, visible, ultraviolet and X-ray analyzer, and precision components.
Succeeds in the first domestic production of synthetic single crystal for the infrared ray (KBr).
Releases constant current and voltage generator (INSTRUMENT CHECKER).
Development of neutral fat analyzer "MGM-2010"


My husband has dozens of silly nicknames for me - some of which have indecipherable meanings: "Wifey," "Looper," and "Baggie."
And then there's "Honest Donna," which he uses as kind of a pejorative - usually when I've blown a job interview or other opportunity by letting someone know exactly how insecure I am about my abilities.
So this morning, I discovered that my good friend Liz Thompson has challenged me to come clean about myself - to be completely honest and spill ten secrets that I've never confessed before. This is hard, because after six years of pouring my guts out in this space (and often displaying the shallowest, least flattering sides of my personality) -- there isn't much I haven't already revealed.
I like to think of myself as honest... but to be perfectly honest... I tell the truth and nothing but the truth... to a point. I tend to omit the details that might hurt someone's feelings... or put ME in a bad light. Like David Letterman, there are incidents in my past that could be described as "creepy," so I guess it's a good thing I'm not a wealthy talk show host, because why bother blackmailing someone for a collection of supermarket coupons and a Starbucks card?
1. I bought a lottery ticket this morning. I have no illusions that I will win the $200 million Mega Millions jackpot... but for 24 hours (or longer, if I can resist looking at the draw through the weekend), I can fantasize that I will never have to worry about money again... and since the economy went sour, that fantasy helps me get to sleep at night. And all it cost me was $1.
2. I have owned cats since I had my first long-term apartment in 1982... but until then, I always thought of myself as a dog person. We are now thinking of adding a dog to our family (once our home renovation is done)... but having a heckuva time agreeing on what kind of dog to get (as each family member has a different idea of the perfect canine). The only thing we agree upon is that it won't be a puppy (we will have new carpet and no one has the patience to housebreak a baby)... and it will have to be an animal that has demonstrated it can get along with cats.
3. I think I'm maturing backwards - and unfortunately, not in a Benjamin Button, looking younger way. I was a precocious kid -- more comfortable conversing with adults than other children. They all thought of me as very responsible. But now... When I hear that one of the idols of my youth is having a birthday and that they are 60-something I am shocked at how OLD they are... and then I remember that I'm 53. And I'm still trying to figure out what I want to be when I grow up.
5. I am the least spiritual person on the planet - yet greatly admire my friends of faith. As a young person, I really did try to open my mind and heart to religion and spiritual beliefs... but my nature is too rooted in the tangible here and now. I am Jewish by default... it's the religion I was raised with and after evaluating other options (and simply not getting them), I decided to stay with what was comfortable. But I enjoy attending the worship services of others. I may not be a believer, but I find the surroundings and the prayers and hymns quite peaceful.
A Muslim friend I once had said she enjoyed visiting other people's churches and synagogues, too. "I need all the prayers I can get," she said. "It doesn't matter where they come from - they all go to the same place." That has really stuck with me.
6. At the same time, I tend to go ballistic when someone tries to convert me. I'm not very nice to the missionaries who knock on my door and ask to leave me religious pamphlets - I point to my mezzuzah and tell them I already have a religion, thank you very much. I was a lot more tolerant when I was younger. Now... I'm getting cranky in my old age. Immature and cranky. Not a great combination.
7. I love roller coasters, although in recent years, I've become wary of trying new ones. This alarms me, because I feel the best way to battle old age is to keep yourself open to new experiences. On our last visit to the Disneyland Resort, I had to force myself to go on the California Screamin' roller coaster... and I was really happy to have enjoyed it. But I'm still afraid of trying out the extreme coasters at Magic Mountain. I guess I need to conquer that fear, too.
8. I think I have an addictive personality - but I'm also afraid of losing control. I think that's why I never became a habitual drinker... but do battle overeating. It also may explain my latte compulsion.
9. But speaking of drinking... as I've gotten older, I've discovered that I can't drink as much as I used to. My body has also stopped giving me some of the little warning signs that would signal when it's time to stop. This has led to some embarrassing incidents at parties. Invite me at your own risk.
OK. My turn to tag (and oh yeah, LIz - thanks for already getting to some of my favorite people first...).
You guys know the drill. You can take me up on this or not - I won't be insulted.
1. Karoli - Because she started out as a fellow blogging reader and is now one of my best blogging friends. And she's brilliant. And maybe she'd welcome a distraction from health care reform and her own insurance battles.
2. Tammy - Because we've been online friends for ten years (before either of us had a blog).
3. Sher - One of the first people who ever commented on this blog. And because her confessions will be a lot funnier than mine.
4. Kim - My much younger, much prettier, much more successful colleague at LA Moms Blog. Can't hate her because she's so nice.
5. Michelle - Because I miss her. And I can't wait to see what a White Trash Mom would be keeping from us.
6. Glennia - Because wherever she goes, she brings the awesome.
I found this on Florinda's blog a couple of weeks ago, and then promptly forgot about it (you know, I do not have as many brain cells as I used to).
Happy Mother's Day to all my readers (and their mothers)!
I'm excited, because this afternoon we're going to go on our annual Mother's Day visit to L.A.'s Farmer's Market, where we will shop, watch the pretty people, and enjoy French food and wine at Monsieur Marcel's lovely little outdoor cafe. And I get to be a surrogate mom to my beautiful 20-year-old niece, who isn't able to spend the day with my sister up in Sacramento.
Each of the MOMocrats is writing about our own dreams as mothers and we encourage all of you to join us over the next week. In true MOMocrats style, each MOMocrat will be sharing a political or social issue close to her heart. We'd love it if you did too, but your own special non-political dreams are important as well. We want the world to hear them.
I'd like to encourage you to blog about your own dreams for the world and your children and then leave a comment with your link on this post. I can't wait to read what you all have to say!
My sister and brother-in-law took care of all the setting up in my niece's apartment. I scheduled my cooking duties so that my mom and I would not have to share the kitchen at the same time (which would have made things difficult in my tiny space). Everybody got along.
And then, yesterday morning, I woke up with one of those sinus-y, congested-y fever-y things I'd managed to avoid all winter.
I felt like crap yesterday and it's worse today.
* Link back to person who tagged you.
* Write about an incident in your life you first thought was really bad, but ended up being a blessing.
* Tag six random people at the end of your post by linking to their blogs.
* Let each person you tagged know they have been tagged by leaving a comment on their blog.
The summer before I graduated college (with a major in Radio-Television-Film), I was accepted for an internship in the research department at KHJ-TV (the same channel 9 station that now goes by the call letters KCAL). I was trained to work with the Nielsen and Arbitron overnight ratings.
In those pre-personal computer, pre-Internet days, I was tasked with showing up at the station at 7:00 a.m. and grabbing the raw numbers as they spewed off a teletype machine, and then extrapolating them into a form that could be used for selling advertising.
But there was NO WAY I could keep that job (which ended each night around 2:00 in the morning) AND be in Hollywood by 7:00 a.m. for my internship. I had to give it up.
My new boss at the TV station felt bad that I'd had to quit to work for him for nothing, so he arranged another part-time job at KHJ's sister radio station.
...so closely that 29 years later, we are still friends.
Our lives have diverged in countless ways. We've been through marriages and divorces (well, both of them) and children and job changes. We don't see each other as often as we used to, but when we manage to coordinate our schedules and get together, it's as if it was only yesterday.
These women are a source of strength and inspiration to me, and I love them as sisters.
And if that's not lemonade, I don't know what is.
By the time this post publishes, I will be running around the house trying to get Megan ready for this weekend's gymnastics meet (she competes at 8:00 a.m. today).
I just wanted to announce that next week, we will be holding TWO meetings of the Mom's Movie Club. On Monday, we will be viewing "The Other Boleyn Girl" at ArcLight Sherman Oaks. The first screening that day is 11:10 a.m., which means we will get out in time to pick the kids up from school. If you are in the area and want to join us, drop me a line and I'll add you to our ticket list.
We are also planning to see "Miss Pettigrew Lives for a Day," which opens on Friday (ArcLight schedule not posted yet -- but most of the matinees start around 11:30).
At some point this weekend, I will post a review of Definitely, Maybe over on Socal Stuff.
If you are reading this and haven't posted, consider yourself tagged. All you have to do is post your "Hussein name" in the title of your blog and share a story about how someone tried to make you feel bad about your name. (See examples below.) Help put childish bullies like Bill Cunningham in his place by declaring yourself a "Hussein!"
Tags: "just call me hussein"


It is time for the start of another wonderful school year and we want to paint the town MUSTANG BLUE. Below is a link to order fan gear for Lamar. The store will be open until midnight August 22nd and the items will be delivered to your school of choice on September 5th. If you are a parent, please make sure to include your student's name to make sure the items get to you.
Click the link below to shop the Lamar Booster Club Online Store.
Stores Closes August 22, Tuesday night.


Miranda Threlfall-Holmes has written this excellent response to the Consultation document on women bishops legislation.
Old, predictable mantras from Ms Threlfall Holmes. Thankfully no longer a member of General Synod her uncompromising stance will have less influence. All power to the elbows, now, of those who are genuinely seeking proper and positive compromise.
Miranda Threlfall Homes response is a well thought through and useful piece of work. It should be taken very seriously as it probably represents the authentic mind of the Church of England.
Benedict, by all means let us compromise with discrimination.
How can a detailed response to a document which has been recently put out for consultation be made up of 'old, predictable mantras', Benedict?
But helpful to see a demonstration of the sort of 'respect' and 'honour' that opponents of women's ordination feel should be given to those who don't agree with them.
Au contraire, Benedict. I think you will find you had your last 'hurrah' in November. Supporters of women's ministry have been seeking 'proper and positive' compromise with your ilk for the last twenty years or so, to no avail. The cannons are drawn up outside the courthouse.
One thing the aftermath of the Synod vote did prove was that all those claims about honour and respect from the liberal constituency were nothing more than eyewash."Trust us …." I think not!
There can be no "compromise" with the impossibilist positions or diametrically opposed theses, only toleration. The question remains, given the catholic notion expounded by Ignatius, just what is happening when there are bishops not accepted as such by members of their own church. It would appear that there are two churches coexisting with a minimal administrative connection, a kind of marriage of convenience. That is a solution (call it a "compromise" if you will) to the current problem, but it is not one that many seem to find attractive.
Whatever your views about the issue, it does not reflect well on you to be dismissive of other participants in the debate: as I'm sure you're aware 'Ms Threlfall-Holmes' has a doctorate, and is entitled to be referred to accordingly.
I agree. The owners and moderators of this forum should remain neutral when they are offering material for the consideration of members; but I accept they remain free to express personal opinions in the comments section that follows.
So actually, it makes sense that they would offer their own opinion on Miranda's article, leaving others to agree or disagree if they wish.
I thought the excellence of Miranda Threlfall-Holmes' blog resided in its thoroughness rather than the views expressed.
In any case, as with any privately run site, we post as guests and if we don't like the way it's operated we have the choice of withdrawing our participation.
John, if you are going to lecture us on 'decency and grace' then it might have been better to leave out your third response to Dr Threlfall-Holmes' article?
For some reason MTH has really rattled your cage, John, so I knew you would make some sort of negative comment, though you really are scraping the barrel with the comment about her English. Perhaps one has to be a Latin teacher to understand your strictures. Could you please make some more constructive contribution to the debate? What, for example, would your solution to the problem of accommodating those who cannot accept women as bishops actually look like?
1. The words attributed to me are not mine.
2. My observation touched forum protocol, not the opinion of moderators or members.
My apologies, Labarum, for mis-attributing John's words to you. More haste, less speed. On the matter of forum protocol, we will agree courteously to differ.
It is the fate of un-anchored liberalism to degenerate into totalitarianism.
And I say that, not because I am a Roman Catholic, or an Anglo-Papalist, but because I was raised a "Prayer Book Catholic", and remains true to that tradition as a child of the Oxford movement, and of Newman.
It is most telling that Benedict has been at very great pains to honour Newman – he saw it all coming.
In terms of an appropriate forum for discussion on this issue, surely shipoffools would work? Specifically the "Women Bishops – what now?" thread on the "Dead Horses" board.
Almost a month ago I threw out a challenge to fellow shipmates to come up with constructive ideas for how best to proceed: only nine responses, the last of which was on 9 February, and two of which came from me.
There is great potential for discussion, and constructive discussion at that, but I just don't see it happening. Get involved!
I didn't mention sticks; you are perhaps referring to a different writer.
You appear to me to be sitting in judgement on MTH in a way that is unfair, almost as though you are conducting a private feud against her on this blog-hence the accusation (bizarre) of ungrammatical writing. I find this unpleasant.I think you would be better off defining what "compassion" would mean in terms of a real settlement of the WB issue: that would make a constructive contribution to the debate.
Thank you, Labarum. That is very helpful. I agree it is a messy solution, but then, we are in a bit of a mess, in my opinion, and any tidying up will require that we deal with that mess.
The ideal has always been the enemy of the real. To me the church is at its best when a "settlement" can include people who disagree profoundly and yet recognize in each other some sign of grace. Ultimately I believe that how we treat one another is more important than the extent to which we agree.


During the 2018 Racing Season, Pontefract Racecourse are running a promotion entitled "The Wall of Fame"
The 'Wall of Fame' consists of a mosaic of pictures of people who attended race meetings at Pontefract in 2017. The mosaic is on the Wall in the Paddock Lounge Bar and can be view on this Website. The pictures will be changed from time to time during the year.
Uploading your photo to our website is easy! Either drag your image into the box below or click in the box and navigate to your image file, select it and click open. Then, simply provide your email address as a reference to the image, so that your image can be removed from our database if you so wish.
From the pool of uploaded faces, we will randomly select 462 images to create the 2019 Wall of Fame graphic. If you're on the 2019 Wall of Fame, you WILL win a spot prize when you visit the Raceday Office during any race meeting at Pontefract in 2019!
Important Note: Your email address is only required to act as a reference to your image and will not be used, sold or passed on to any third party in any way whatsoever. If you would like to remove your image from our database, please contact the Pontefract Racecourse Administrator and confirmation of the removal will be provided via the email address supplied.


A child-friendly recipe that's quick to knock-up and tastes great!
Cut the chicken into 2–3cm pieces and place in a bowl. Wash your hands after handling raw chicken.
Heat the rice according to the instructions on the packet. If you haven't already hard-boiled the eggs, pop them in a separate pan in cold water, bring to the boil and simmer for 5 minutes. Then drain through a colander and leave to stand in fresh cold water to cool.
Finely chop the coriander. Top and tail the French beans and cut them in half. Cut the tomatoes into quarters.
Add the chopped red onion and French beans and cook for a further 3 minutes.
Add the tomato quarters, and add the water gradually – you may not need it all. Your Speedy Biryani should be moist enough for the flavours to spread through evenly, but it shouldn't be wet. Cook for a further 3 minutes. Keep stirring.
Add the cooked rice. Mix well, cover and simmer for 2 minutes. You might want to add a little bit more water now.
Peel the shell from the hard-boiled eggs and slice into quarters.
Inspired by DJ BBQ, families will be encouraged to cook the official Big Cookathon 2015 recipe - Speedy Biryani - at a time that suits them over the weekend. Register here.


This essay was commissioned for a new book on the posters of Andrzej Klimowski published by Self-Made Hero in 2018.
In 1980 English-born Andrzej Klimowski had been living in Warsaw for seven years and was working as the designer of posters for the state film distributor and a number of theatres around Poland. That year, he put his commissions on hold to make a film for the Se-Ma-For film studio in Łódź. The studio had a high reputation for experimental short films and animations, and gave even novice film-makers like Klimowski access to 35mm cameras, professional lighting rigs and skilled technicians. It was one of a number of surprisingly free zones of artistic expression in the People's Republic of Poland.
Entitled Martwy Cień (Dead Shadow), Klimowski's ten-minute film lays out the symbols and themes that he had already been exploring in posters for most of the 1970s, and continue to occupy his imagination almost forty years later. A man sits at home, sleeping. We are granted access to his dreams and nightmares, many of which are haunted by the face of a woman. Her photographic portrait looks down from the wall of the apartment, framed alongside others from an earlier age. She also appears in print: the man leafs through an album of Victorian monuments, and Renaissance mausoleums and churches, before turning to a newspaper which features her portrait framed with a black border. The mood of the film is intensely introspective (an atmosphere heralded by a rapid descent down a musical scale before the action starts). Full of memories and desires, the home in Martwy Cień is what art historian Andrzej Turowski has called a 'utopie rétrospective'. Such places idealise settings and times – like the homes of childhood – which can no longer be accessed. The only incursion of the world outside the home comes in the form of a flickering television screen in which the same woman appears as a news presenter introducing reports of military violence and police brutality. In the final scene, she features as if in 'real' life only to turn to a deathly mask when embraced by the man. Whether as photograph, as half-tone illustration on the printed page, as video, or as celluloid, she is a 'dead shadow' who haunts the present.
The woman was not a new discovery. She had already starred in many of Klimowski's posters: in dark eye-make up in his design for Olea's film Torment (1974); with foaming hair and in profile for the publicity for Robert Altman's movie Nashville (1975); and, three years later, brightly decorated with stage-paint and peering out from the stage curtains to announce the thirtieth anniversary of the Współczesny Theatre in Wrocław. Yet she was not an actress. She was and is Danuta Schejbal, a theatre designer, Klimowski's wife and sometimes his creative partner. (Most recently in their joint graphic memoir of life in Poland in the 1970s). Her appearance in his work may be explained pragmatically as the convenience of having a model 'on call'. Or it may be explained emotionally, as an expression of love and desire. But this intimacy also opens up the prospect of viewing the men who feature in his images as self-portraits (even if the man in Martwy Cień was not played by Klimowski himself) and the poster as a vehicle for some kind of self-inspection.
The communist state was very careful not to aggravate the church. There was a Spanish film about a priest who was under the control of a woman, unable to escape her influence. I made a photograph of Danuta naked from the back. I had to use delay timer because I had my hands around her, holding a cross and bound in a rosary. The response was outright no. The publisher said the censor won't pass it.
When commissioned to promote imported movies like Torment, poster designers in Poland had little access to publicity photographs and might not even see the film in advance. Instead, they might be given a plot summary by the distributor. And in the case of theatre, the posters had to be printed long in advance of the premiere. Often, all that was available to the poster designer was a script or libretto. In such circumstances, poster design was, necessarily, an act of fantasy and improvisation. This added greatly to their autonomy. After his return to UK in 1981, Klimowski continued to work in much the same way. His intuitive approach to the image was hardly suited to the regimes of market research and PR which shape publicity in the business-minded world of graphic design in the West, and so while the supply of poster commissions continued, they were never to be as plentiful again.
Klimowski's posters, book jackets, illustrations and his film Martwy Cień evades simple interpretation, yet the repertoire of images and devices which appear in his works is remarkably concise and constant. The repeated overlay of one person's eye on another's face or the attachment of wings to a human torso are not arbitrary combinations, guided by some kind of surrealist fascination with the effects of chance. These gestures recur so frequently that they are more like Klimowski's own idées fixes. And if the meanings that might be attached to such montages cannot precisely determined, say in the manner of a rebus or even an allegory, they are best understood as poetic metaphors, sometimes for what cannot be seen. In fact, many of Klimowski's poster images and illustrations allude to blindness or to what might be called 'displaced' sight: a 1998 poster produced to promote the 28th Short Film Festival in Kraków features a transparent blindfold through which, paradoxically, light emanates; in others, like the posters for Jacques Deray's movie Flic Story (1976) and Tadeusz Różewicz's play Kartoteka (1984) or a performance of Richard Wagner's Flying Dutchman at Warsaw's Teatr Wielki (1981), a human face is either hidden or abruptly cut-off. Sometimes, the eye has left its conventional position altogether: for an adaptation of Botho Strauss's die Zeit und die Zimmer (1993), for instance, a large eye peers back at the viewer from the frame formed by the crooked arm of a woman holding her head. Is the eye hers? Or yours? Or God's? There is, of course, something capricious about using a medium that is tasked with pleasing the eye to explore blindness or displaced eyesight. But Klimowski seems to be suggesting that external sight must be extinguished for internal vision to flourish.
Klimowski has in recent years spent much of his time drawing, not least the frames of the graphic novels he has authored since his first, The Depository, in 1994. But his posters continue his long-standing practice of photomontage, involving the excision and combination of images from existing printed sources. This is its own form of 'drawing as surgery'; one in which different orders of image – whether wood-engravings in medieval bestiaries, halftones from the illustrated press, or plates from the Victorian illustrator Gustav Doré's books – are sutured together and then photographed for reproduction. Photomontage allows for repetitions and collisions, as well as abrupt shifts of perspective and distortions of scale. It has a long tradition in the visual arts and cinema, but Klimowski's points to the special impact of reading Latin American writers in the 1970s, not least Argentinian writer Julio Cortázar's short stories in Zofia Chądzyńska's brilliant translations. For instance, in Cortázar's 'Las babas del diablo' (which provided the original idea for Antonioni's movie Blow Up), a French-Chilean translator and amateur photographer called Michel captures on film a selfish attempt by a woman to seduce a boy on the streets of Paris on a bright November day. Only after he blows up his photo to the size of a poster one month later, does he realise that he had actually witnessed the efforts of a man to trap the boy. Perhaps this man is the devil suggested by the story's title. By making the print, Michel gives the boy a chance to escape, at least in his imagination.
Michel then breaks down into tears, another kind of blindness.
The mysterious symbols in Cortázar's short story as well as a kind of suspicion of claims on objective reality bind Klimowski to the Argentinian writer, but it is perhaps the affinities of technique, despite the differences in medium, which are most revealing. 'Sometimes within a short story, just four pages long', says Klimowski, 'Cortázar could shift reality totally. So, a character being observed is, at the end of a story, waiting to being observed. It is a sudden shift. And that shift of two realities is what happens in collage or photomontage'. Sometimes these shifts are between worlds, as Michel's step into a photograph taken one month earlier proposes. And, at others, they are shifts in time. Combining both an endless present and a vertiginous sense of the past, this is one of the chief effects of the photograph. (Of one print showing 'two little girls looking at a primitive aeroplane above their village' Roland Barthes writes in Camera Lucida 'how alive they are! They have their whole lives before them; but also they are dead.') The possibility of folding different orders of time together also explains the deep interest in photomontage in communist Poland. So many of the brilliant image-makers working in the country in the 1960s – Roman Cieślewicz, Jan Lenica, Walerian Borowczyk, Daniel Mróz and others – reactivated imagery from the past in their posters, illustrations and animations, often from the lost worlds of their childhoods or even earlier. Eschewing activism and agitation, this is the closest that these artists came to contesting state ideology. Irrational, 'obsolete' and yet highly-charged images – portraits of film-stars, family photographs, religious imagery and so on – offered the means to tap suppressed values in a socialist society which endlessly trumpeted its rationalism and progress.
Klimowski's poster for 'The Omen'.
Silence and mist covered the vast square: its houses lay in decay, unreal as a stage backcloth; jutting balconies stacked with discarded objects, broken chairs, faded children's toys, scraps of refuse, dusty jars and bottles, saucepans with holes and cracked enamel, voiceless TV boxes, old-fashioned chandeliers, rotting picture frames, rusty bikes, strung-up bundles of old newspapers.
But one suspects that the attraction of grit to Klimowski was not simply a sign of the times: but that in these blemishes and marks signs of vital life were to be found too.
Klimowski celebrates the power of images to elude precise definition. He freely admits that he does not know what the images in his posters and illustrations might mean or even why they recur with such frequency. This is perhaps where their uncanny power lies. And like the woman who haunts the sleeping man in Martwy Cień or the devil in Cortázar's short story, it is not clear whether Klimowski sought out his images or if they have found him.
 Andrzej Turowski, Existe-il un art de l'Europe de l'est? Utopie et idéologie (Paris 1986) p. 265.
 Andrzej Klimowski and Danuta Schejbal, Behind the Curtain (London, 2015).
 Cassandre cited in David Crowley and Paul Jobling, Graphic Design: Reproduction and Representation since 1800 (Manchester, 1996) p. 149.
 This quote and all others from an interview with Andrzej Klimowski, London, August 2017.
 Jacques Derrida, Memoirs of the Blind: The Self-portrait and Other Ruins (Paris, 1993) pp. 4-5.
 Julio Cortázar, Blow Up and Other Stories, translated by Paul Blackburn, (New York, 1968) pp. 114-15.
 Roland Barthes, Camera Lucida, translated by Richard Howard (New York, 1981) p. 96.
 Janusz Anderman, 'A sense of' in The Edge of the World (London, 1988) p. 72.