text:
package de.passau.uni.sec.compose.id.rest.functional;

import static de.passau.uni.sec.compose.id.rest.functional.util.Fixtures.digestRestTemplate;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.client.HttpClientErrorException;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import de.passau.uni.sec.compose.id.rest.messages.AuthenticatedEmptyMessage;
import de.passau.uni.sec.compose.id.rest.messages.ServiceSourceCodeCreateMessage;
import de.passau.uni.sec.compose.id.rest.messages.UserCreateMessage;
import de.passau.uni.sec.compose.id.rest.messages.UserCredentials;

public class ServiceSourceDetailsControllerTest {

    private RestTemplate digestRestTemplate;

    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String USERNAME = "testUsername";

    private static final String PASSWORD = "testPassword";

    private static final String SERVICESOURCEID = "testServiceId";

    private static final String SERVICESOURCENAME = "testServiceName";

    private static final String SERVICESOURCEVERSION = "testServiceVersion";

    private static final String URL = "http://localhost:8080/";

    private String accessToken;

    private String userId;

    private long userLastModified;

    private long serviceSourceLastModified;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        digestRestTemplate = digestRestTemplate();
        restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

        // Create user
        UserCreateMessage createMessage = new UserCreateMessage();
        createMessage.setUsername(USERNAME);
        createMessage.setPassword(PASSWORD);

        HttpEntity<UserCreateMessage> createUser = new HttpEntity<UserCreateMessage>(
                createMessage);

        ResponseEntity<Object> responseEntityCreation = digestRestTemplate
                .exchange(URL + "idm/user/", HttpMethod.POST, createUser,
                        Object.class);

        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> userCreationResponse = (LinkedHashMap<String, Object>) responseEntityCreation
                .getBody();

        userId = (String) userCreationResponse.get("id");
        userLastModified = (long) userCreationResponse.get("lastModified");

        // Authenticate user
        UserCredentials ucredentials = new UserCredentials();
        ucredentials.setUsername(USERNAME);
        ucredentials.setPassword(PASSWORD);

        HttpEntity<UserCredentials> authUser = new HttpEntity<UserCredentials>(
                ucredentials);

        ResponseEntity<Object> responseEntityAuthentication = restTemplate
                .exchange(URL + "auth/user/", HttpMethod.POST, authUser,
                        Object.class);

        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> authResponse = (LinkedHashMap<String, Object>) responseEntityAuthentication
                .getBody();

        accessToken = (String) authResponse.get("accessToken");

        // create a service source code
        ServiceSourceCodeCreateMessage serviceSourceCodeCreateMessage = new ServiceSourceCodeCreateMessage();
        serviceSourceCodeCreateMessage
                .setAuthorization("BEARER " + accessToken);
        serviceSourceCodeCreateMessage.setId(SERVICESOURCEID);
        serviceSourceCodeCreateMessage.setName(SERVICESOURCENAME);
        serviceSourceCodeCreateMessage.setVersion(SERVICESOURCEVERSION);
        serviceSourceCodeCreateMessage.setPayment(false);

        HttpEntity<ServiceSourceCodeCreateMessage> creationEntity = new HttpEntity<ServiceSourceCodeCreateMessage>(
                serviceSourceCodeCreateMessage);

        ResponseEntity<Object> responseEntityCreationSourceCode = digestRestTemplate
                .exchange(URL + "idm/servicesourcecode/", HttpMethod.POST,
                        creationEntity, Object.class);

        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> sscCreateResponse = (LinkedHashMap<String, Object>) responseEntityCreationSourceCode
                .getBody();

        serviceSourceLastModified = (long) sscCreateResponse
                .get("lastModified");
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() {

        // delete service source code
        AuthenticatedEmptyMessage authenticateEmptyMes = new AuthenticatedEmptyMessage();
        authenticateEmptyMes.setAuthorization("Bearer " + accessToken);

        HttpHeaders header = new HttpHeaders();
        header.set("If-Unmodified-Since",
                String.valueOf(serviceSourceLastModified));
        HttpEntity<AuthenticatedEmptyMessage> deletionEntity = new HttpEntity<AuthenticatedEmptyMessage>(
                authenticateEmptyMes, header);

        digestRestTemplate.exchange(URL + "idm/servicesourcecode/"
                + SERVICESOURCEID, HttpMethod.DELETE, deletionEntity,
                Object.class);

        // Delete user
        header = new HttpHeaders();
        header.set("If-Unmodified-Since", String.valueOf(userLastModified));
        HttpEntity<String> deletionEntityUser = new HttpEntity<String>(header);

        digestRestTemplate.exchange(URL + "idm/user/" + userId,
                HttpMethod.DELETE, deletionEntityUser, Object.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void requestServiceSourceCodeDetailsTest() {

        // Request service source code details
        HttpHeaders header = new HttpHeaders();
        header.set("Authorization", "BEARER " + accessToken);
        HttpEntity<String> serviceDetails = new HttpEntity<String>(header);

        ResponseEntity<Object> responseEntityDetails = restTemplate.exchange(
                URL + "idm/servicesourcecode/" + SERVICESOURCEID,
                HttpMethod.GET, serviceDetails, Object.class);

        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> sscCreateResponse = (LinkedHashMap<String, Object>) responseEntityDetails
                .getBody();

        assertEquals(HttpStatus.OK, responseEntityDetails.getStatusCode());
        assertEquals(SERVICESOURCEID, (String) sscCreateResponse.get("id"));
        assertEquals(userId, (String) sscCreateResponse.get("owner_id"));
        assertEquals(SERVICESOURCENAME, (String) sscCreateResponse.get("name"));
        assertEquals(SERVICESOURCEVERSION,
                (String) sscCreateResponse.get("version"));
        assertEquals(false, (boolean) sscCreateResponse.get("payment"));
    }

    @Test
    public void unauthorizedServiceSourceCodeDetailsRequestTest() {

        HttpHeaders header = new HttpHeaders();
        header.set("Authorization", "BEARER " + accessToken + "modified");
        HttpEntity<String> groupDetails = new HttpEntity<String>(header);

        try {
            restTemplate.exchange(URL + "idm/servicesourcecode/"
                    + SERVICESOURCEID, HttpMethod.GET, groupDetails,
                    Object.class);
        } catch (HttpClientErrorException e) {
            assertEquals(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED, e.getStatusCode());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void requestAnonymousServiceSourceCodeDetailsTest() {

        Properties props = new Properties();
        InputStream is = ClassLoader
                .getSystemResourceAsStream("anonymousTestUser.properties");
        try {
            props.load(is);
        } catch (IOException e) {
        }

        // Request service source code details
        HttpHeaders header = new HttpHeaders();
        header.set("Authorization", "BEARER " + props.getProperty("anontoken"));
        HttpEntity<String> serviceDetails = new HttpEntity<String>(header);

        ResponseEntity<Object> responseEntityDetails = restTemplate.exchange(
                URL + "idm/servicesourcecode/" + SERVICESOURCEID,
                HttpMethod.GET, serviceDetails, Object.class);

        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        LinkedHashMap<String, Object> sscRequestResponse = (LinkedHashMap<String, Object>) responseEntityDetails
                .getBody();

        assertEquals(HttpStatus.OK, responseEntityDetails.getStatusCode());
        assertEquals(SERVICESOURCEID, (String) sscRequestResponse.get("id"));
        assertEquals(userId, (String) sscRequestResponse.get("owner_id"));
        assertEquals(SERVICESOURCENAME, (String) sscRequestResponse.get("name"));
        assertEquals(SERVICESOURCEVERSION,
                (String) sscRequestResponse.get("version"));
        assertEquals(false, (boolean) sscRequestResponse.get("payment"));

    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
I want to convert my multi-family townhouse into a one-family. What do I need to know?
By Alanna Schubach | November 13, 2017 - 12:00PM
Combining several units into one isn't as tricky as you might imagine.
Matthew Rutledge/Flickr
What goes into converting a multi-unit townhouse into a one-family?
The process is actually not terribly complicated, according to our experts.
"It's pretty much straightforward," says Barbara Fox, president of Fox Residential. "It's a matter of removing the interior walls that block off the separate units, and getting the appropriate approvals."
Jonathan Miller, real estate appraiser and author of the Douglas Elliman market reports, says that many buyers of 1-3-unit townhouses in Manhattan aren't necessarily seeking rental income.
"Buyers of these townhouses aren't economically driven by the rents they can generate," he says. "They are looking for the value as an owner and user."
If you're a townhouse buyer looking to gain some extra square footage, and don't need the income from rental units, you should begin the process of conversion by hiring an architect to draw up plans for turning the property into a single-family.
"Once the owner is satisfied, they'll file the plans with the NYC Department of Buildings, and concurrently file to convert to a single family," says Deanna Kory, a broker with Corcoran. She adds that you should hire an expediter to hasten the process of getting the paperwork approved by the DOB: "Expediters are experts at what is required to process the application for a renovation and change of use."
You may need to apply for a change in the certificate of occupancy depending on the building's age and size, which your architect and expediter will see you through. (Read our guide to certificates of occupancy here.)
Once your renovation plans are approved, you can undertake the process of demolition and rebuilding. You'll likely need to remove kitchens, as New Yorkers are generally permitted only one kitchen per unit, although the city's ABCs of Housing notes that you can keep a secondary, "accessory" kitchen in the basement or cellar.
The conversion can also be an opportunity to create a more open floor plan.
"When you have a multi-family, there are usually walls and hallways separating the units from the stairwell," Fox says. "Most people end up taking out a lot of those separating walls and creating a different scenario for the way the house lays out."
The DOB will inspect the house after the conversion is complete, but the process doesn't end with its approval. You'll need to consult a real estate tax attorney, Kory says, to recalculate your property taxes post-conversion.
The good news is that your taxes could actually go down, according to Brownstoner, as the conversion could bring down the townhouse's resale value. This also means that you should give serious consideration to how long you plan to live in the house before you undertake such a project.
Trouble at home? Get your NYC apartment-dweller questions answered by an expert. Send us your questions [email protected]
For more Ask an Expert questions and answers, click here.
Renovation The smart way to combine apartments in New York City
Renovation Everything you need to know about combining apartments in NYC
Buy Interested in buying a multi-family townhouse and renting its units out? Read this first
Alanna Schubach
Contributing editor Alanna Schubach has over a decade of experience as a New York City-based freelance journalist.
SEE MORE BY Alanna Schubach »
Ask an Expert townhouse
5 tips for working around inflation when you're renovating in NYC

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Främlingen på Wildfell Hall (engelska: The Tenant of Wildfell Hall) är en brittisk dramaserie från 1996 baserad på Anne Brontës roman med samma namn  från 1848.

Handling
Helen Huntingdon flyttar till Yorkshire med sin lille son för att komma undan sin make, hon utger sig för att vara änka och heta Helen Graham. Gilbert Markham fascineras av den mystiska kvinnan. När en Mr Lawrence dyker upp hamnar de i slagsmål men det visar sig vara Helens bror.

Helen anförtror sig till Gilbert om sitt olyckliga äktenskap och sin flykt från sin alkoholiserade och våldsamme man. Men Huntingdon letar reda på sin hustru, fast besluten att få tillbaka sin son.

Rollista i urval

 Toby Stephens – Gilbert Markham
 Tara Fitzgerald – Helen Huntingdon
 Rupert Graves – Arthur Huntingdon
 Sarah Badel – Rachel
 Jackson Leach – Master Arthur Huntington
 Sean Gallagher – Walter Hargrave
 Jonathan Cake – Ralph Hattersley
 Joe Absolom – Fergus Markham
 Kenneth Cranham – Pastor Millward
 Pam Ferris – mrs Markham
 Cathy Murphy – miss Myers
 Paloma Baeza – Rose Markham
 Aran Bell – Richard Wilson
 Miranda Pleasence – Eliza Millward
 James Purefoy – Frederick Lawrence
 Kim Durham – Benson
 Dominic Rowan – Lord Lowborough
 Beatie Edney – Annabella Wilmot, Lady Lowborough
 Janet Dale – mrs Wilson
 Susannah Wise – Millicent Hargrave
 Karen Westwood – Jane Wilson

Referenser

Externa länkar

Brittiska TV-serier från 1990-talet
Brittiska dramaserier
TV-serier baserade på böcker
TV-seriestarter 1996
TV-serieavslutningar 1996
Engelskspråkiga TV-serier
Brontëfilmatiseringar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
» Cinema News » Sai Pallavi rejected Vijay Deverakonda's movie for this reason
Sai Pallavi rejected Vijay Deverakonda's movie for this reason
Friday, July 19, 2019 • Tamil Comments
#Sai Pallavi
Dear Comrade, the upcoming action-drama film starring Vijay Deverakonda and Rashmika Mandanna, is all set for its theatrical release next week in four languages, including Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada.
Reports suggest that Premam fame Sai Pallavi was initially offered Rashmika's role in Dear Comrade. However, she rejected the offer as she was uncomfortable doing intimate scenes, one of which involved a liplock with Vijay Deverakonda. The makers then decided to rope in Rashmika Mandanna, Vijay Deverakonda's Geeta Govindam co-star, for the role. The trailer that was recently released featured an intense kissing scene between the lead pair. On being asked about the same, Vijay Deverakonda reportedly said, "I don't like the word - lip-lock. You guys write about objectification... it's kissing... it's an emotion like anger... when we cry it is an emotion, when we kiss it is an emotion and it's not lip-locking... whenever I read lip-lock... I'm like what the f**k...I really dislike it."
Jointly produced by Big Ben Cinemas and Mythri Movie Makers, Dear Comrade is directed by Bharat Kamma and is scheduled to hit the screens on July 26.
Deepika Padukone gets an international honour!
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Prashanth's comeback movie with director Mohan Raja?
Santhanam and Santhosh Narayanan reunite for hit movie director
Deepika Padukone's Tik Tok challenge gets criticized!
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Need to take practical decisions and not be emotional: Gambhir on Dhoni's retirement


Hi, I'm looking at buying a new CMLB series. Just curious on people's thoughts on size. I am looking at about a ratio of 50/50 surf to flat water. I'm 76 kegs in weight. New to paddle boarding but have all board sports background, surfing, wakeboarding and snowboarding. Cheers.
Good boards! Borrowed a 9'8" CMLB for a few weeks. Same weight as you, and it was very stable and a fair amount of glide. Not really that fantastic in surf - but I imagine you dont have high expectations in this area. I am keen on Hobie sups, as they are pretty solid and reasonably priced. Will buy one eventually - but most likely something like the CM Raw series.
Thanks for the advice. Your I right is don't have any experience with SUPs in the surf. Would you possibly consider the 9'?
For sure! In fact.. I am of the opinion.. that you are better off getting something you might actually have an amount of difficulty at first - but knowing with practice, it will not be long before you master it. Ive seen others on the 9', really caning it in the surf - not surprising as its a good length to throw around a bit. Again... if you can score a test drive ?
Owned the 10'6" and the 9'8". I bet the 9' would be way more fun than either of the Battlestar Galactica boards. Both were very fast, but NOT good noseriders at all. Performance longboarding surfing from the tail is not as much fun as surfing a performance short SUP from the tail, and if you are an old school mal kind of guy there are better choices. Still if we all liked the same things it would be a dull world!
Here's a pic of Colin enjoying the 9'0 CMLB (very bottom). I agree with the other comments and would personally go with the 9'0 BUT if you are looking at 50/50 use then go with the 9'8 or even the 10'6. It will be a longboard style of ride but still great fun. The top 3 pic's are Ruben Roxburgh enjoying the new Hobie 10'6 Eva-Lution at Merimbula last month. The EVA-Lution is the 2015 version of the CMLB 10'6.


Want to do a little good during your trip to Ukraine?
Dan and I spent a few hours walking the dogs at a local animal shelter in Lviv and honestly, it's hard to know who enjoyed it more – the dogs or us. If you're interested in donating some of your own time to a good cause, use this guide to learn just how easy it is to volunteer in Lviv at the LEV Vet Clinic and Animal Shelter!
The LEV Vet Clinic and Animal Shelter has about 50 dogs at any given time and a few cats as well. They take them in off the streets and give them health care and vaccinations and make sure they're all spayed or neutered.
They adopt out about 70% of the dogs that come through their doors, but if they don't find a home in 15 days they have to put them back out on the streets (which is all the more reason to give these doggos some love while you can!).
The LEV Vet Clinic and Animal Shelter is super clean and I could tell all the animals are well cared for by the team. It's a great place to volunteer in Lviv because you don't need to call ahead and set anything up before you go (which can be a major struggle for non-Ukrainian speakers) and it's easy to reach from the city center.
There are three ways to get to the animal shelter, by foot, by tram, or by car.
Calling an Uber is the easiest way, as usual. The exact address is 56, Promyslova Str., Lviv, 79024, Ukraine and from Lviv city center the ride is about 15 minutes and should cost around 55 uah / 2 usd.
If you go by tram the trip will be about 25 minutes and costs 5 uah per person. Take tram number 5 from the Pidvalna St. tram stop a few blocks from Rynok Square (click here for a map).
If the weather is nice you can also go by foot, which is what Dan and I ended up doing. It's a 40-minute walk from Rynok Square but it's pretty pleasant and on sidewalks the whole time – you won't find yourself suddenly on the side of a highway or anything like that.
I tried to call ahead before Dan and I went but had some trouble since I don't speak Ukrainian. So, we just showed up and luckily it was all good!
First, we had to fill out a paper with our names and contact info and give them an ID to copy before we could take the dogs out for walks. Then, we were led to the cages where a caregiver gave us each a dog for our first walk and told us the rules: don't feed them, don't let them eat anything off the ground, and keep them away from kids. Pretty basic stuff.
We took three sets of dogs on walks outside of the shelter for 25 to 30 minutes each. Our first dogs were an adorable set of sisters that just couldn't get enough of each other and had to be walking side-by-side the whole time – so cute. Then we took out a puppy and an older corgi, and finally a German Shepard and another larger dog whose breed I couldn't place.
The caregiver patiently told me the names of each one but I'm terrible and already forgot them 🙁 All I know is that all of them were equally adorable and adoptable and I wish I could bring them all home with me.
Remember to bring some form of ID when you go.
The address is 56, Promyslova Str., Lviv, 79024, Ukraine and you can click here to find a map and their phone number.
Volunteer hours are daily from 9 am to noon and 4 pm to 7 pm.
I hope this article helps visitors, vacationers, digital nomads, and locals alike volunteer in Lviv at the LEV Animal Shelter. If you're passing through and have a spare hour or two, stop by and give these adorable dogs some love!
Looking for more to do in Lviv? learn how to go hiking on Mount Parashka and how to take a castle tour through the famous Golden Horseshoe region. Then, eat and drink your way through Lviv with the Lviv dumpling guide and my curated list of the ten best bars in the city!
PreviousEngland vs. Scotland: Which Should You Visit?


text:
Aon Center plaza getting $6.5 million renovation, as workers expected to seek outdoor spaces after COVID-19
My worst moment: Kyra Sedgwick, with lots and LOTS of police and a wild movie night at Tom Cruise's house
How can condo owners force sale of crumbling building?
By Howard Dakoff
Condo Adviser |
For all units and common elements in a condo building to be sold to a third party, 75 percent of the total unit ownership (not just 75 percent of owners who show up to vote) must approve the sale. (tomazl/Getty Images)
Q: I am a unit owner in a condominium association and the common elements of my association are in dire need of significant repairs and replacements — to the tune of millions of dollars. If the condominium board adopts a special assessment to pay for the amount of necessary repairs and replacements, it could equal half or more of the value of my unit. Even with a loan procured by the condominium association for the benefit of unit owners, the monthly loan repayment costs plus regular assessments will be incredibly financially burdensome.
How can the unit owners force a sale of all the units and common elements in the building to a developer who will buy the building to "deconvert" the condominium association?
A: For a situation as described above or for purely opportunistic reasons, Section 15 of the Illinois Condominium Property Act provides for the sale of all units and the common elements in a condominium building to a third party. Section 15 requires 75 percent of the total unit ownership (not just 75 percent of unit owners who show up to vote), calculated by unit percentage, to approve the sale at a properly called unit owner meeting. If the requisite unit owners vote in favor of a sale, the association can force the sale to occur even over the objections of those unit owners who voted against the sale.
To protect those unit owners who opposed the sale — at least in terms of the offered purchase price for their unit — Section 15 also contains a mandatory arbitration process regarding the appraised value of the unit if such unit owners believe the offering price for their unit is below market value.
It should also be noted that there is legislation currently proposed in the Illinois legislature that would increase the requisite percentage threshold from 75 to 85 percent for a sale of all unit and common elements in a condominium; however, this proposal still is being debated and not yet the law.
Q: I live in a residential cooperative and understand the statute that governs cooperatives is the Illinois Business Corporation Act. However, if the Business Corporation Act and the other governing documents of the residential cooperative do not address a particular topic, does the Condominium Act apply in any way?
A: Residential cooperatives are a fundamentally different form of ownership than a condominium association, with different laws and statutes applying. Whereas unit owners own their condominium units, in a residential cooperative, shareholders own shares in a corporation and the corporation owns the building. The shareholder then leases an apartment from the corporation pursuant to a proprietary lease.
Residential cooperatives are governed by their articles of incorporation, the Illinois Business Corporation Act and the proprietary lease. To the extent neither a residential cooperative's governing documents nor the Business Corporation Act apply to a particular topic, the Condominium Act will not apply to the cooperative in any way. The board of directors of a residential cooperative has broad authority under corporate law concepts to make decisions regarding such topics that it deems to be in the best interests of the corporation.
Q: I am the property manager of a condominium association and frequently receive lender questionnaires regarding unit resales that ask a litany of questions well beyond the disclosures that are required under Section 22.1 of the Condominium Act. Is the association required to answer all lender questions?
A: As you correctly state, Section 22.1 requires certain disclosures to a seller of a unit for the benefit of a prospective purchaser. The disclosures required per Section 22.1 of the Condominium Act are the extent of what the association is legally required to provide.
However, condominium associations (and thus, managing agents) are wise to balance the minimum 22.1 disclosures with answering customary questions asked by lenders as a prerequisite to proceed with a loan. If an association refuses to answer such customary lender questions, lenders would not approve loans for prospective purchasers, which would lead to purchasers being unable to purchase a unit. As unit owners found that prospective purchasers could not buy their units because they could not get a loan, prices would invariably drop.
CondoAdviserQuestions@lplegal.com
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The Deluxe rail system this is a much thicker rail which allows the blind to be controlled by a sidewinder with a white beaded cord pull for a much smoother operation when pulling you blind up and down.
If you choose white your roman blind would come with the standard white cord and beaded chain control.
If you choose chrome your roman blind will come complete with a chrome nickel chain control.
By choosing standard lining this means your blind will come with our normal quality lining.
By choosing blackout this means your blind will come with our quality blackout lining.
Made with Standard lining or Blackout lining option available.
Neat fold up design when raised and lowered..
The Artisan roman blind range is a fantastic range built on a deluxe head-rail system. Your blind will be easy to control with our deluxe head-rail and comes with a choice of white or chrome control chain. The option for this is on the next page when ordering. Any Width over 135 will require join.
The Deluxe Headrail looking from the side is 40mm wide x 40mm deep. The headrail is operated by a deluxe sidewinder control built into the headrail for a smooth and easy operation.


text:
Q: What would be the distribution of $(X_i-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1}X_i)?$ Let $X_1,...,X_{n_1}$ be an i.i.d. sample from $N_p(\mu,\Sigma)$
What would be the distribution of $(X_i-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1}X_i)?$
My attempt is:
We know that distribution of $\sum^n_{i=1}\frac{1}{n}X_i\sim N_p(\mu,\frac{1}{n}\Sigma)$
So, $\mathbb{E}[X_i-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1}X_i]=0$
And variance is $\text{Var}(X_i-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1}X_i)=\Sigma-\frac{1}{n}\Sigma=\frac{n-1}{n}\Sigma$
Would that be correct?
edit:
suppose the first $X_i$ in $X_i-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1}X_i$ is $X_j$, $j\neq i$,so $X_i-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1}X_i$ becomes $X_j-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1,i\neq j}X_i-\frac{1}{n}X_j$
So,
$$\text{Var}(X_j-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1,i\neq j}X_i-\frac{1}{n}X_j)=\text{Var}(-\frac{1}{n}\sum^n_{i=1,i\neq j}X_i+\frac{n-1}{n}X_j)=\frac{n-1}{n^2}\Sigma+\frac{(n-1)^2}{n^2}\Sigma=\frac{n-1}{n}\Sigma$$

A: The question has basically been answered, but this is an attempt to prove the assumptions made in the techniques, namely that a constant times a multivariate normal random variable is itself multivariate normal and that a linear combination of multivariate normal random variables is multivariate normal. I'm not an expert on this, so it'd be interesting to know if this information is pretty interesting or completely useless.
A constant times a multivariate normal rv
Assume that $X$ is multivariate normal with mean vector $\mu$ and covariance matrix $\Sigma$. I might write this as $X\sim N_p(\mu, \Sigma)$. I would like to show that $Y=cX, c\in \mathbb R$ is mulvariate normally distributed, which isn't perhaps obvious. I use the method of taking the derivative of the cdf, and then comparing with the known density of the multivariate normal distribution. Consider the following, where $G(\textbf y)$ is the cdf of $Y$, $\Phi_X$ is the cdf of $X$, and $\phi_X$ is the pdf of $X$.
$\displaystyle G(\textbf y)=G(y_i,...,y_p)=P(Y_1\le y_1,...,Y_p\le y_p)=P(cX_1\le y_1,...,cX_p\le y_p)=P(X_1\le\frac {y_1} c,...,X_p\le\frac {y_p} c)=\Phi_X(\frac {y_1} c,...,\frac {y_p} c)=\int_{-\infty}^{y_p/c}...\int_{-\infty}^{y_1/c}\phi_X(a_1,...,a_p)da_1...da_p$.
Since the density function is the multivariable derivative of the cumulative distribution function, $\displaystyle g(\textbf y)=g(y_1,...,y_p)=\frac \partial {\partial y_1}...\frac \partial {\partial y_p}\int_{-\infty}^{y_p/c}...\int_{-\infty}^{y_1/c}\phi_X(a_1,...,a_p)da_1...da_p=\frac 1 {c^p} \phi_X(\frac {y_1} c,...,\frac {y_p} c)=\frac 1 {c^p} (2\pi)^{-k/2}\det(\Sigma)^{-1/2}e^{-\frac 1 2(\textbf y/c-\mu)^T\Sigma^{-1}(\textbf y/c-\mu)}=\frac 1 {\sqrt{c^{2p}\det \Sigma}}(2\pi)^{-k/2}e^{-\frac 1 2(\textbf y-c\mu)^T\frac 1 {c^2}\Sigma^{-1}(\textbf y-c\mu)}=\frac 1 {\sqrt{\det(c^2\Sigma)}}(2\pi)^{-k/2}e^{-\frac 1 2(\textbf y-c\mu)^T(c^2\Sigma)^{-1}(\textbf y-c\mu)}$, which is the density, according to Wikipedia article on multivariate normal distributions, of a multivariate normal random variable with mean vector $c\mu$ and covariance matrix $c^2\Sigma$. Thus $Y=cX\sim N_p(c\mu, c^2\Sigma)$.
Sum of two multivariate normal rv's
Next I'd like to show that any linear combination of independent multivariate random variables is multivariate random. To do this, use the moment generating function again provided by Wikipedia and the fact that the sum of two independent random variables has a moment generating function that's the product of their respective mgf's.
$\psi_X(t)=\exp(\mu^Tt+\frac 1 2 t^T\Sigma t)$
Considering $X_1\sim N_p(\mu_1, \Sigma_1), X_2\sim N_p(\mu_2, \Sigma_2)$, it's relatively clear to see that $c_1X_1+c_2X_2$ has a mgf of $\displaystyle \exp(c_1\mu_1^Tt+\frac 1 2 t^Tc_1^2\Sigma t)\exp(c_2\mu_2^Tt+\frac 1 2 t^Tc_2^2\Sigma_2 t)=\exp((c_1\mu_1+c_2\mu_2)^Tt+\frac 1 2 t^T(c_1^2\Sigma_1+c_2^2\Sigma_2) t)$, the moment generating function of a multivariate random normal variable with mean vector $c_1\mu_1+c_2\mu_2$ and covariance matrix $c_1^2\Sigma_1+c_2^2\Sigma_2$. Thus when you add two multivariate normal rv's, you get a multivariate random variable with a mean of the sum of their means and a covariance of the sum of their covariances.

By applying these two principles, you correctly arrived at the answer (twice) above.

A: Think about a simple case, $X_1 - (X_1 + X_2 + X_3)/3$. What you have is
$Y := \frac{2}{3}X_1 - \frac{1}{3}X_2 - \frac{1}{3}X_3$, a weighted sum of $N_p(\mu, \Sigma)$ i.i.d and you know $Y$ will be normally distributed with
\begin{align}
E\,Y &= (2/3)\mu - (1/3)\mu - (1/3)\mu \\
&= 0, \\
\text{cov}(Y, Y) &= (2/3)^2\Sigma + (1/3)^2\Sigma + (1/3)^2\Sigma \\
&= (2/3)\Sigma
\end{align}

A: You have
$$S=X_i - \frac{1}{n}\sum_{j=1}^nX_j = (\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n)^T \mathbf{X}$$
where $\mathbf{e}_i\in \mathbb{R}^n$ the i-th standard basis vector, $\mathbf{1}_n \in \mathbb{R}^n$ the all ones vector  and $\mathbf{X}$ the vector of $X_i$ which follows the multivariate normal distribution  $N_n(\mu \mathbf{1}_n, \Sigma.\mathbb{I}_n)$  ($\mathbb{I}_n \in \mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$ the identity matrix)
The term $S$ is so equal in distribution to
$$
\begin{align}
S &=(\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n)^T \mathbf{X} \\
&=(\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n)^T N_n(\mu \mathbf{1}_n, \Sigma.\mathbb{I}_n) \\
&=N(\mu(\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n)^T \mathbf{1}_n,\Sigma(\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n)^T(\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n))
\end{align}
$$
In other words, $S$ follows a univariate normal distribution $N(0,(1-\frac{1}{n})\Sigma)$ of mean
$$\mu(\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n)^T\mathbf{1}_n=\mu(1-\frac{1}{n} -(n-1)\frac{1}{n})=0$$
and variance
$$\Sigma.(\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n)^T(\mathbf{e}_i - \frac{1}{n}\mathbf{1}_n) =\Sigma.((1-\frac{1}{n})^2+(n-1)\frac{1}{n^2}) =(1-\frac{1}{n})\Sigma $$

A:
And variance is $\operatorname{Var}(X_i-\frac{1}{n} \sum^n_{i=1} X_i)=\Sigma-\frac{1}{n}\Sigma=\frac{n-1}{n}\Sigma$ Would that be correct?

Be careful: The difference is between random variables that are correlated. You could say the variance is the sum of the two variances minus the covariances:
\begin{align}
& \operatorname{var}\left( X_i - \frac 1 n \sum_{j=1}^n X_j \right) \\[8pt]
= {} & \operatorname{var}(X_i) + \frac 1 {n^2} \operatorname{var}\left( \sum_{j=1}^n X_j \right) \\[8pt]
& \qquad {} - \operatorname{cov}\left( X_i,\,\, \frac 1 n \sum_{j=1}^n X_j \right) - \operatorname{cov}\left( \frac 1 n \sum_{j=1}^n X_j , \,\, X_i \right).
\end{align}
The covariance between random vectors $U\in\mathbb R^{k\times1},\,V\in\mathbb R^{\ell\times1}$ with respective expectations $\mu,\nu$ is
$$
\operatorname{cov}(U,V) = \operatorname E\Big( (U-\mu)(V-\nu)^\top \Big) \in \mathbb R^{k\times\ell}.
$$
Corollary:
$$
\operatorname{cov}(V,U) = \Big( \operatorname{cov}(U,V)\Big)^\top.
$$
I would argue as follows. We have
$$
X_1,\ldots,X_n \sim \text{i.i.d.} \operatorname N_p(\mu,\Sigma)
$$
We seek the distribution of
$$
X_i-\frac 1 n \sum^n_{j=1} X_j.
$$
(Notice that on the line above I distinguish between $i$ and $j.$)
\begin{align}
& X_i-\frac 1 n \sum^n_{j=1} X_j \\[8pt]
= {} & {-\frac{X_1} n} - \frac{X_2} n - \cdots - \frac{X_{i-1}} n + \left( 1 - \frac 1 n \right) X_i \\[8pt]
& {} \qquad {} - \frac{X_{i+1}} n - \cdots - \frac{X_n} n.
\end{align}
The terms in this sum are independent, so the variance is
\begin{align}
& \frac\Sigma{n^2} + \cdots + \frac\Sigma{n^2} + \left( 1 - \frac 1 n \right)^2 \Sigma + \frac\Sigma{n^2} + \cdots + \frac\Sigma{n^2} \\[10pt]
= {} & \left( \frac{n-1}{n^2} + \frac{(n-1)^2}{n^2} \right) \Sigma = \frac{n-1} n \Sigma.
\end{align}
$$
\text{So it's } \operatorname N_p\left(0, \frac{n-1} n \Sigma\right).
$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home Caselaw New York New York Court of Common Pleas Conroy v. Mayor
Conroy v. Mayor 6 Daly (N.Y.) 490
6 Daly (N.Y.) 490
Thomas Conroy against The Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty of the City of New York.
(Decided June 5th, 1876.)
"Where the plaintiff, who was a person who was not acquainted with any foreign language, and incompetent to perform the duties of an interpreter, was appointed by the justice of one of the District Courts in the city of New York (under L. 1866, ch. V48, giving him power "to appoint an officer" to "be known and designated as District Court interpreter"), as interpreter of that court, but the ¡tiaintiff, during the term of his appointment, never performed any services as interpreter: Meld, that the plaintiff, by accepting the position of interpreter, when he understood no foreign language, and could not interpret at all, stood convicted of a fraud upon the appointing power and the public, or upon the •public alone, and was not entitled to recover the salary attached by the statute to the position of interpreter.
Appeal by defendant from a judgment in favor of the plaintiff, for $3,117 84, directed by Judge Van Beunt at trial term on the pleadings.
*491The facts are fully stated in the opinion.
A. J. Requier, for appellant.
Elliott San df07xl, for respondent.
Joseph F. Daly, J.—
The action was for salary of plaintiff as interpreter in the 2d district civil court of the city of New York, at the rate of $1,200 per annum, from September 1st, 1871, to January 1st, 1874. The recovery was for the full amount claimed and interest. The complaint sets out the incorporation of the defendant, the appointment of plaintiff as interpreter of the said court, on May 1st, 1871, by Mr. Justice Kivlen, the justice of that court, pursuant to the act (Laws of 1866, ch. 745); that he entered upon the performance of the duties required to he performed by him as such interpreter, and continued to perform the same until removed on December 31st, 1873 ; that his name was placed on the proper pay-roll, and a certificate in due form transmitted each month, to the comptroller, who has neglected to pay him from September 1st, 1871; also, that his claim has been duly presented to the comptroller, as required by law.
The answer denies " that the plaintiff ever performed any duty or service as interpreter at the place or the days and times in the complaint mentioned; " and avers, on information and belief, that " the plaintiff is unacquainted with any foreign language, and at the days and times mentioned in the complaint, was incompetent to perform the duties of an interpreter."
The act above referred to is as follows : " The several justices of the District Courts in the city of New York, are hereby authorized and empowered to appoint an officer for each District Court in said city, who shall be known and designated as District Court interpreter, and who shall hold office during the pleasure of the justice of the court to which he is appointed." * * * " The interpreters of the several District Courts in the city of New York * * * shall each receive an annual compensation of twelve hundred dollars." The act was passed April 21, 1866, to take effect immediately.
*492The appointment of fit persons as interpreters, was in the discretion of the justices of the courts, and for any abuse of the power conferred upon them, they are responsible, and I am. fully satisfied that beyond a certain point, the fitness of the appointee cannot be questioned in an action for the salary fixed by law.
There is in effect, and can be no such office as interpreter. Any person called to interpret in an action depending before the justice, must be sworn, and is subject to all valid objections to his competency to interpret or translate, whether he be appointed under the act to attend the court as an " officer," or be an expert called by the court or offered by either party for the purpose. The official interpreter may be set aside and another expert called, if he be incompetent. He has no " duties " to perform, except to be present and ready and willing to act if called to interpret (Rosenthal v. The Mayor, ante, p. 167).
In the case of a person duly appointed to an office or public employment, the rule undoubtedly is that the fitness of the appointment cannot be questioned (if he satisfies the appointing authority) in an action for the compensation attached to the office or employment, if such person performs or is ready to perform the duties required of him in his position. But the present is the case of one alleged to he wholly incompetent. There is no attempt to prove that the plaintiff is unsuited or unfit for the position he held, except in the sense of his being at all times unable to perform its duties. By accepting the position of interpreter when, if he understood no foreign language, he could not interpret at all, he stands convicted of a fra/ad, either upon the officer who appointed him, and upon the public from whom he was to receive compensation, or upon the latter alone. The case admits of no qualification, and is free from any question or embarrassment upon that point. He is wholly incompetent to perform, or even to attempt to perform, any duty for the salary he draws. If his qualifications for the office were limited and unsatisfactory, jthat would be a question for the appointing power, and could not be raised in this action; but that is not the present case. Had the officer who appointed him knowledge of the fact that he knew no foreign language, *493he would be bound to withhold the appointment, and would have no discretion. There would be no doubt that if the appointee were disqualified by law from holding the office, being an alien, or not a citizen of this State, or a minor (1 R. S. 116), or under a disqualifying sentence on conviction of crime, this might be set up against his recovery of salary or compensation in his action. To hold otherwise would be to countenance and favor a violation of law. In the same manner, to hold the plaintiff entitled to the compensation attached to the position or employment of interpreter when he is absolutely disqualified as an interpreter, would be to favor a fraud upon the people, the duties required of plaintiff being personal and he being incapable at all times of performing them. If the evidence showed facts amounting to such a fraud on plaintiff's part, and the pleadings in effect raised the question, he could not recover.
The judgment should be reversed, and a new trial ordered, costs to abide event.
Charles P. Daly, Ch. J., and Van Hoesen, J., concurred.
Ordered accordingly.*
The judgment of the court here was affirmed in the Court of Appeals.
Conroy v. Mayor
New York Court of Common Pleas


text:
Q: automate js function execution on file content change I have a pre-registration web app that appends ID numbers to a file 'tmp/data.txt'. The main accounting app has a function to process the file, read the ID's and add registrants.
Is there a way to automate that function whenever file 'tmp/data.txt' changes?


On June 13 at 7:30 a.m., my husband and I met with the first of Mayo Clinic doctors who would help us figure out whether the large tumor discovered in his abdomen was benign or malignant.
That same day, an hour later and 1,000 miles away on the East Coast, my father met with his doctor to discuss whether the large tumor discovered in his liver was benign or malignant. My mother, who has Multiple System Atrophy, an incurable neurodegenerative disease, sat next to him.
I spent that day texting family, Googling, making more appointments, and leaning against walls to hold myself up.
Most of the summer was the same.
Because of what my family faces, I have a selfish and dogged interest in medical research. I know I'm in the minority in the United States. A quick search of "medical research" on the website presidentialopenquestions.com, where citizens can submit and vote for questions to be considered for the next presidential debate finds, as I write this, a total of four questions, with two focusing on marijuana legalization. A deeper look reveals that a question like "How will you ensure steady and reliable NIH funding?" has three votes. A very specific question about funding medical research doesn't even break 150 votes, when the leading question on the site has more than 35,000.
Medical research isn't top of mind for most Americans, whether it's a presidential election cycle or not. I understand why. We think it's something that just gets done. When we picture medical research, we picture a scientist in a white coat somewhere looking at cells under a microscope. We know it will take years for that cell to become a medicine to become a treatment to become a cure. It all seems obscure and insurmountable and, frankly, not essential to us that particular day, so we leave it in the background of our lives, where scientists are content to stay and do their important work. We only want to know about the "instant" results, the headline announcing the Alzheimer's treatment or cancer cure. We take the antibiotic for granted.
I can tell you from experience that the day will come when medical research will selfishly become essential. Sometimes twice in one day. When you're sitting across from the doctor and she's telling you the diagnosis of someone you love and your only hope is in her next sentence -- here's what we're going to do -- you pray hard that someone somewhere years ago got funded to sit at a microscope and find something.
For those of you keeping score from my day in June: husband -- benign; father --malignant; mother -- fighting. I thank the people before us who had the foresight to secure the medical research that's helping my family today. There are easy ways to follow their example: Ask the questions. Vote. Let your candidates know that medical research is important to you. Don't wait until you need it, because by then, it's just too late.


text:
Q: Hosting fileless .svc service on both fully windows authenticated site and fully anonymous site We have a common dll(API) which is responsible from hosting fileless .svc service on the seperate web applications. So our API is referenced by different web applications. As a service endpoint we use BasicHttpBinding and as a security mode we use "BasicHttpSecurityMode.None" on the API.
If for the web application on the IIS "Anonymous Authentication" is enabled our fileless *.svc is successfully being hosted and we can call it from browser and can see the metadata.
On the other hand if for the web application on IIS "Anonymous Authentication" is disabled and "Windows Authentication" is enabled we get the error :
"The authentication schemes configured on the host ('IntegratedWindowsAuthentication') do not allow those configured on the binding 'MyService' ('Anonymous').  Please ensure that the SecurityMode is set to Transport or TransportCredentialOnly.  Additionally, this may be resolved by changing the authentication schemes for this application through the IIS management tool, through the ServiceHost.Authentication.AuthenticationSchemes property, in the application configuration file at the  element, by updating the ClientCredentialType property on the binding, or by adjusting the AuthenticationScheme property on the HttpTransportBindingElement."
I figured out how to solve the problem with the code given below. However I need to know authentication status of the web application on the IIS. I did not find programmatic way to figure out what is the current web application's authentication status. Maybe in the web application's web.config we can manually set specified authentication status.
web.config setting
<appSettings>
     <add key="IS_ANONYMOUS" value="True"/>
</appSettings>

Here the code block for creating Binding:
     public BasicHttpBinding GetBasicHttpBinding( string bindingName, bool isAnonymous ) {

        BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding();
        binding.Security.Mode = BasicHttpSecurityMode.None;

        if (!isAnonymous) {
            binding.Security.Mode = BasicHttpSecurityMode.TransportCredentialOnly;
            binding.Security.Transport.ClientCredentialType = HttpClientCredentialType.Ntlm;
            binding.Security.Transport.ProxyCredentialType = HttpProxyCredentialType.None;
            binding.Security.Transport.Realm = "";
            binding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType = BasicHttpMessageCredentialType.UserName;
            binding.Security.Message.AlgorithmSuite = SecurityAlgorithmSuite.Default;
        }

        binding.Name = bindingName;
        binding.MaxReceivedMessageSize = int.MaxValue;
        binding.ReaderQuotas.MaxStringContentLength = int.MaxValue;
        return binding;
    }

Here how we host the service:
    internal static ServiceHost CreateServiceHost( Type implementedContractType, Type serviceType, Uri[] baseAddresses ) {
        ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost( serviceType, baseAddresses );
        BasicHttpBinding binding = GetBasicHttpBinding( serviceType.Name, false );
        host.AddServiceEndpoint( implementedContractType, binding, "" );
        return host;
    }

My question is how to create service host not to be affected from the web application's authentication status. Is there any way to create fileless .svc file without being aware of web application's authentication status and can be anonymously accessed?


I'm now a primary school teacher. I finished my training last year and found myself a job in a wonderful school not too far from where i live. I have a year 3 class and i'm absolutely loving it! Every day is different, challenging and interesting. I was also made the ICT coordinator, which wasn't what i had planned coming from an art background, but i'm so glad i said yes. I absolutely love computer science as a subject and love all the different technology and resources that can be used. My biggest challenge with the role is the current state of my school ICT equiptment, in that it's extremely outdated and a lot of the times unusable, it's very fustrating but i hope to help move the school on in such a way that we can make it a leading subject. I run an afterschool coding club too which aside from the prementioned challenges i'm really enjoying. The children in the club enjoyed doing stop frame animation this week and i'm looking forward to introducing more makerspace type activities.
So what about the illustration work? Well, I'll admit that has taken a back burner a little. You can still get my book 'This Bear, That Bear', and I really would love to do another one, although I'd also like to turn my hand to chapter book based fiction. Who knows what the future holds!!


Everyone has those days that they absolutely dread; I know for a lot of people, those days usually start with the "Mon" and ends with "day." I mean, who really wants to wake up early after two days of a weekend? Somehow, I don't think many of us love that feeling. However, its not Monday that I was dreading this week -- it was Thursday.
That's me, Claire on my first day - moving day!
Let me explain. I'm usually all for the end of the week. It means that I am that much closer to having two days where I can sleep in and enjoy myself and not worry about work. However, this particular Thursday is my last day here at Daily Grommet.
So how can I capture my whole experience here in just one blog post? To be honest, I don't think I can (but I'll try my best). When I first arrived at Daily Grommet, it was a flurry of activity due to our relocation across the street. Although I didn't realize it at the time, it was a great way to experience all past and present Grommets first hand. Another aspect of moving day that was invaluable was that it gave me a chance to get to know my amazing coworkers a little better.
Moving day was just the tip of the iceberg. From my first week here to my last, I felt like I was part of the family. 6 Wallis Court is the perfect place to work if you want to get to know your co - workers; after all, its a little hard to go five feet without seeing someone.
My first few weeks here I felt a little like a ping pong ball bouncing around Wallis Court; sometimes the minute I found somewhere to work, I would be moved somewhere else! Thanks to our ever expanding empire (well, the empire upstairs), I finally have a semi - permanent home alongside Jen and Kate in their office. Well, a home until the end of today.
My experience at Daily Grommet would not have been complete if it wasn't for the people who work here. Each and every one of them - whether they are here in Lexington or in California (here's looking at you Tori) - have exceeded my expectations in every way. Even in my first week here, I felt welcomed and valued as part of the team. I have loved getting to know each and every one of you (the company retreat in Rhode Island helped just a little) and seeing exactly how hard everyone works. Even if you took away one person, Daily Grommet would come to a stand still. I've always been of the mindset that the people make the company; coming to Daily Grommet, I've found out that I was wrong. The people are the company.
So to everyone - Grommet employees and subscribers alike - thank you for making my experience here the best that it could have been (actually, better). I've loved getting to know the greater Grommet community; that means you!
6 Wallis Court and Daily Grommet will always be on the forefront of my mind (no matter how far away I am). I can't express how much this experience has meant to me; to everyone at Daily Grommet, I can't begin to thank you.
Design student at SCAD and Daily Grommet Summer intern.
This post is so thoughtful, much like you have been during your time with the Daily Grommet team. I am thrilled that you were able to dip your hand into all of the on-goings of the company -- both at headquarters and virtually. It has been a pleasure working with you and cannot wait to follow you along on your journey!
Thanks Tori! I really appreciate all the help you gave me along the way. Who knows, I might get to blog from Savannah!
Claire...what a special post. We are going to MISS you! Everyone will be happy to know that we'll still see Claire online here at Daily Grommet. I hear that she's agreed to be a satellite discoverer and video journalist...from Savannah and DC we know where to find her.
What a nice BlogPost. It was so nice to work with you. You have so many talents and you are such a strong contributor. We are lucky to now have a Daily Grommet correspondent in Savannah, but we will miss you. Best of luck for your final year. Please send my best to all the amazing professors at SCAD. Keep in touch.
Awwww Claire. So nice to read this after a long day on the road. I'm sorry to miss your last day and the sight of your bright smile. But I know I'll see it again soon. I love to visit SCAD and I expect you will find Boston calling. You will always be welcome at the Grommet.
Thanks guys! I know that I will miss you all so much - never fear, Jules, I know that I will be back in the Boston area soon!
I will be following Daily Grommet from afar!


text:
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Home / Articles / Will a Decrease in H1-B Visas Affect Hiring Practices? You Better (H1-B)elieve It!
Will a Decrease in H1-B Visas Affect Hiring Practices? You Better (H1-B)elieve It!
Article Recruiting Tools February 16, 2017
Have a newsworthy article to share? Submit it to our editorial team!
Nervous is one word to describe how companies and job seekers are feeling about the April 2017 H1-B lottery. The H1-B and other work visas for knowledge workers or people with exceptional abilities as the law defines it have been attainable at all levels for U.S. companies, permitting companies to take advantage of a global talent pool and allowing companies from overseas to open U.S. offices or relocate their headquarters to build and expand their operations.
The bottom line is, the current H-1B program allows companies to make hiring and growth decisions based on the ability to build the right team with the right people with limited restrictions. However, there is a predicted plan to decrease the number of H-1B visas granted. Furthermore, this will also more than double the salary minimum. This means the talent who are awarded visas will be limited to those who are very highly-skilled and in the top pay bracket. Here is what that will mean for recruiters.
An increase of offshoring as companies hire expensive top talent from abroad.
A decreased amount of guaranteed H1-B visas means that businesses will put resources behind visas for the same candidates. Those in the top talent, high salary, and top experience brackets. Furthermore, the value of these candidates will inflate since there will be so few of them. As a result, Candidates will then have the upper hand in salary and terms negotiation. Companies will be competing at an entirely new level to bring on these employees. Furthermore, to account for bringing on these in-demand candidates, companies will look to save money in other areas. One way will include increasing the use of offshore subcontractors for smaller startups and setting up larger offshore development offices for large enterprises.
Decreased quality level of junior staff; companies will invest more in learning and development.
An increased amount of resources dedicated to bringing on top talent means fewer resources available for hiring junior staff. Small businesses, will not be able to offer the same competitive salary and benefits for junior staff. As a result, companies will be forced to either bring on less experienced junior staff at a lower salary or combine roles. For example, instead of hiring two experienced sales team members at a competitive salary, companies will invest less in one more experienced salesperson. (Recruiters love that.)
Top talent will have the upper hand. Large companies will dominate the US and startups will look to go abroad.
The top talent from overseas will go to large companies in the U.S., who can afford to offer more competitive compensation. As a result, startups and smaller companies who cannot compete may change their operations to countries outside of the U.S. This can have a direct impact on the number of jobs created in the US. According to the national foundation for American policy, more than 50% of the U.S. unicorns have at least one immigrant founder and have created roughly 760 U.S. jobs each.
There is no doubt that a decrease in H1-B Visas will affect hiring. Overall, the proposed changes to H1-B gives more power to top talent, regardless of location. Candidates in-demand will be the ones who receive visas, and the level of junior talent will decrease for companies. We could see companies investing more in training and development for employees. That could mean less reliance on H1-B candidates which could beneficially grow junior and entry-level talent. However, that will only work if companies do not opt to offshore those jobs.
About our Author:
Yarden Tadmor is the Founder and CEO of Switch, a job search app that easily connects employers and job seekers available on Apple and Android. He is a serial entrepreneur with over 15 years of management and investment experience at ad tech and consumer Internet companies such as Convert Media, Taboola, Dapper (acquired by Yahoo!) Quigo (acquired by AOL), and Yieldmo. Most recently, he held the role of Chief Revenue Officer at Convert Media and Taboola. Yarden received a BA from Israel's Tel Aviv University.
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South Korea loves music streaming with over 8.5 million subscribers
South Korea may be small but they are one of the world leaders when it comes to streaming music online.
South Korea have become one of the major players for music in the world thanks largely to the global boom surrounding K-Pop music. New figures show that their digital music industry is also seeing significant success with roughly 8.5 million subscribers at the end of 2018.
Warner Music Korea's CEO Clayton Jin says: "There were approximately 8.5 million subscribers towards the end of 2018, which is a sizeable increase from 2017. Streaming continues to grow, and unlike in most other markets, the price of subscriptions has increased to reflect inflation." This is referring to the rise in rightsholders' royalty shares from digital music that were put in place earlier this year.
South Korea is home to a variety of it's own native music streaming services like Melon, Naver Music, Bugs and many more. The country has adopted music streaming as happily as the rest of the world has taken K-Pop into their lives starting with the worldwide viral success of South Korean artist Psy with his hit Gangnam Style.
South Korea's recorded-music business has seen a long-term upwards trend. It completely doubled between 2013 and 2017 and became the sixth-biggest global market for music according to the IFPI. 86% of their stratospheric 45.8% rise in overall revenue in those 5 years came from streaming music.
Music Ally have compiled a market report on South Korea's rocketing music industry which you can read here.
downloadindustryk-popmusicmusic industrySouth Koreastreamingsubscribers
PreviousTikTok just passed 1bn downloads as it's fined for illegally collecting children's data
NextMusic streaming made up two-thirds of the US music industry last year


Saturday, November 25, 2017 by: Isabelle Z.
(Natural News) The wonders of vitamin D never cease to amaze. Its ability to help prevent cancer has already been established, and we also know it's great for fighting off depression and metabolic syndrome and improving your overall health. Get ready to add another superpower to this vitamin's list: A new study has shown that it can also prevent rheumatoid arthritis.
This autoimmune disease is characterized by painful inflammation and swelling. It can affect several joints at once, with sufferers often complaining of pain in their wrists, hands and knees. In the early stages, it causes inflammation in the lining of the joint, but it damages the joint itself as it progresses. For some people, this can cause not only persistent pain but also problems with balance and even deformities.
Researchers from the University of Birmingham and University College London analyzed the blood and joint fluid taken from patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Given the potent anti-inflammatory action of vitamin D, the researchers wanted to find out how it would work at the site of the active disease. Past studies focused on immune cells that had been isolated from blood.
This study was the first one to use immune cells that were taken from the blood as well as the inflamed joints of 15 rheumatoid arthritis sufferers between the ages of 40 and 85. This joint fluid, which is known as synovial fluid, is a sticky and thick liquid that serves as a lubricant, reducing the friction between bones when they meet at joints. The blood samples from the rheumatoid arthritis sufferers and the control group without the illness were matched by age and gender.
After testing how the immune cells in the various samples reacted to vitamin D, the researchers discovered that different types of immune cells had different responses.
Their findings support the idea that proper levels of vitamin D could help to prevent not only rheumatoid arthritis but also other inflammatory diseases. At the same time, however, taking vitamin D supplements does not seem likely to help those who already have the illness because their immune cells appear to already be desensitized. The researchers theorized that current sufferers might benefit from much higher vitamin D doses or other types of treatment that could bypass or correct the vitamin D insensitivity noted in the immune cells found within the joint.
Next, the researchers would like to find out precisely why rheumatoid arthritis makes immune cells insensitive to vitamin D and how it can be prevented. They'd also like to investigate whether similar effects can be seen in other inflammatory conditions.
Vitamin D is essential for healthy muscles, bones, and teeth. A global study that was published this year showed it can reduce a person's risk of flu, colds and infections like pneumonia. Deficiencies are shockingly common, and some experts are also calling for the recommended daily intake of the vitamin to be raised.
Spending time in the sun is one of the best ways to encourage your body to produce more vitamin D. Around 15 to 30 minutes a day depending on your skin tone is enough, but you'll want to skip the sunscreen; sunblock with SPF 30 can reduce your body's ability to produce the vitamin by 99 percent.
You can also get it from supplements or foods like oily fish, although it's difficult to get enough of this vitamin from diet alone.
Follow more news on vitamin D and other nutrients at Nutrients.news.


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'Avengers' battle new foe, show their souls
Captain America (Chris Evans), Thor (Chris Hemsworth), Black Widow (Scarlett Johansson) and Hawkeye (Jeremy Renner) face a new villain in "Avengers: Age of Ultron," which opens nationwide May 1. Photo courtesy Marvel Studios.
By James Hartley
"Avengers: Age of Ultron" has everyone's attention, and for good reason. The film is exciting, fast-paced, well-developed and layered.
Unlike "The Avengers," the sequel delivers a fascinating story, better action and top-of-the-line effects. Most importantly, the characters run deep.
In reviewing the first movie, YouTuber Cinema Sins said Samuel L. Jackson's Nick Fury "character development begins and ends with 'eye patch.' " But "Age of Ultron" produces characters that feel like real people. It's hard not to get attached.
The film starts with a mission to take down an enemy base that doesn't quite go as planned. The Avengers are introduced to a new villain, and Tony Stark (Robert Downey Jr.) decides he needs to do something to better protect the team.
He builds Ultron (voiced by James Spader), which, if you've read the comics or have ever seen an action movie, you know will backfire on the Avengers. After all, artificial intelligence scenarios almost always turn out bad.
The mission to bring Ultron to life succeeds, but, like many other well-intentioned villains, Ultron believes that the best way to end war and conflict is to just wipe out the human race.
The movie has a magnificent balance of humor, drama and pointless, violent action to keep moviegoers enchanted and entranced.
Don't buy a large popcorn hoping to get a refill mid-movie, because if you leave your seat for more than 10 seconds, you will miss some vital piece of information. The story is constantly flowing, continuing to build depth to the plot and characters, with fun twists all along the way.
Writer and director Joss Whedon has definitely redeemed himself from the mess of underdeveloped characters and pointless events in 2012's "The Avengers."
The movie introduces two new pivotal personalities aside from Ultron. Quicksilver, whose real identity is Pietro Maximoff (Aaron Taylor-Johnson), and Scarlet Witch, aka Wanda Maximoff (Elizabeth Olsen), add intrigue and suspense to the plot.
Scarlet Witch's power of making people see their deepest, darkest fears provides for some real, intense character exploration for the heroes.
Moviegoers should be aware of some brief profanity and a few jokes involving sexual innuendo that may be picked up by younger viewers.
"Age of Ultron" opens May 1. Superhero fanatic or not, this film will blow your mind.
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I'm very busy so probably I won't be able to come tomorrow. Panacea was riding in the back seat. Madagascar is called "Madagasikara" in Malagasy. Australia is a very fortunate country. I'll help you paint your house. We will consider this. To get the full value of joy, you must have someone to divide it with. Her talent blossomed early. I stayed home because it was raining. She went out without even asking me to have a seat.
I saw you yesterday. There's no danger now. Brian just sat there looking bored. Did you just call me? "What's your favorite food?" "Fish and chips with mayonnaise." Mevrouw commenced playing softly upon the piano. Alfred will be at work Monday. Elwood and Murthy joined the group. Spike cleared his throat before he started talking. Miss Caifeng wants to teach me Chinese.
This place is disgusting. Don't run in the hallways. When did you go home? No charge. I didn't eat anything all day, in short, I have the hunger of a wolf. Smoking is forbidden here. He seems delirious with a high fever. The plane was delayed for two hours on account of the bad weather. You speak pretty highly of him but you're directly involved. I think my less charitable view might be more accurate since I can look at things objectively. There are more people than we expected.
I'm feeling sad for Amy. She could face a ten-year prison term. I swim once or twice a week. Brandi became a Catholic. How's it coming? I like all of them. Beating the game without continuing unlocks the secret character. Can you be quiet? Thanks for notifying me. It was a good feeling.
I hated them. Why are you giving it to me? Are you going to eat this? I always take the subway, to go to the city. Marie begged for mercy. We'll see how much things change. I only weighed 55 kilograms when I was in high school. What wonderful weather! If he should arrive later, you may start the conference without him. That's not so bad.
It's important that we find Boyce. Beverly was square. With all her faults, I like her. Vic canceled our date. He said he had to work late. Israel and Kayvan aren't always right. Some of the things he said got under my skin. Why don't you go on ahead? Lorraine never explained why he was late. We're looking for a friend of ours. Jingbai held open the limo door for Sundaresan.
Olson doesn't have to be here tomorrow. What an unlucky boy I am! I don't menstruate. He would sit for hours doing nothing. He has access to the stored information. A pooch dubbed "Underdog" was rescued today after it plunged the equivalent of 50 storeys into an open pit diamond mine in South Africa. I am so exhausted! I bought two cotton shirts. It took me three weeks to get over the flu. We should be more talkative.
Sergei let us know that he wasn't interested in working for us. Space and Tollefsen can't seem to agree on anything. Our school begins at eight-thirty. We are doomed. Are you really too busy? You gave me only fifty cents. We ourselves have to be responsible for the earth. Maria is having a nap. I really appreciate you helping me out. He likes touching huge biceps.
Mind you call me up tomorrow. Stewart is not as tall as he is. Where's that smoke coming from? What makes you think the Middle East is more important than the Pacific islands? Don't complain. You have to go. They're replacing the rotten piles under the bridge. Matthias worked from dawn to dusk. Rakhal didn't say a word to me all night. The answer to your question is very simple. We at least must make a struggle for freedom.
I didn't notice when he left the room. This plan, while looking great on paper, turned out to be a disaster. Two children were playing on the road. One third of children who die before the age of 5 die from malnutrition. This is very ingenious. Women's rights are human rights. He's both tall and fat. The chances are he will be able to win a Nobel prize. I think it is necessary for them to go there. Would you like to tell me what this is all about?


This is a study guide designed to guide students through a first reading of the second novel in Chinua Achebe's trilogy about the Igbo community in Nigeria, a text full of social commentary focussing on one family and its 'heroes'. The guide is designed to help students achieve the highest grades for this set novel in the current Cambridge IGCSE syllabus. It contains chapter-by-chapter questions & extension activities.
To study the novel in detail and appreciate its plot, characterisation, language and themes.
To understand the historical, social and cultural context of the novel.
Obi Okonkwo (Oh--kawn--kwoh): The central character of No Longer at Ease, one of the first of the prodigal sons of the African Igbo (or Ibo in English) community ofUmuofia (Oo--moo--oh--fee--ah) to be given financial help to go to England to be educated and 'westernised'. He is in his twenties, very naive and inept as a suitor to his first girlfriend, Clara. He is determined to overcome the parochialism of the Igbo community that sponsored him.
Isaac Okonkwo:Obi's father, The first black Christian missionary in Umuofla and Aninta. Okonkwo's oldest son, age twelve at the start of Things Fall Apart but an old man at this book's beginning. By nature, he is a sensitive young man. He later joins the missionaries and is rejected by his father.
Mrs Okonkwo: Isaac's wife, mother of Obi, her only son who she disowns at death.
Clara: Daughter of a non-Igbo family, her sophistication captivates Obi who proves himself desperate to keep her as a lover and make her his wife.
Christopher: Obi's worldly second friend in Lagos who shows him 'the high life' and acts as a his voice of reason.
Joseph: Obi's best friend in Lagos. He often represents the voice of experience. He has many girlfriends and knows how to 'play the system' (unlike Obi).
Charles: the messenger at Obi's office, helped out by Obi as a fellow Igbo.
Ms Marie Tomlinson: the pretty and open secretary of Mr Green, friendly with Obi.
Sam Okoli: a politician, a minister in the government cabinet and a very influential new friend Obi finds at the start of his time in Lagos.
Mr. Green: A stem, stereotypical white colonial administrator of the central Nigerian government, he follows regulations to the letter. He believes he has a very clear understanding of the people for whom he tries to administer a new government, but he is inclined to help the deserving.
Ikemefuna (Ee--keh--meh--foo.nah): A boy of fourteen when he is given to Umuofia by a neighboring village to avoid war. He is a clever, resourceful young man but is killed when the Oracle decides it, an event which takes place in 'Things Fall Apart' before the period of modernisation and independence which is the back-drop to 'No longer At Ease'.
Agbala (Ahg--bah--lah) : The Oracle of the Hills and the Caves, she influences all aspects of Umuofian life (based on the real Oracle at Awka who controlled Igbo life for centuries). On page 105, she tells Obi's grandfather to kill his foster-child in sacrifice to appease the evil spirits.
The novel is set in Nigeria towards the end of the period of British control in 1957. It centres on the tribe of people known as the Ibo.British influence and control over Nigeria and Africa's most populous country grew throughout the 19th century when it became 'officially' part of the British empire. After World War II Nigeria got independence - in 1960. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a democratic government came in 1999. Nigeria has ethnic and religious tensions which led to a civil war between Christians and Muslims in the 1960's to 1970's. The government most of its money from oil but much money has been lost through corruption and mismanagement. In 2003 and 2007 presidential elections were fixed and so there was violence, but the elections of 2011 were generally regarded as credible and fair. Nearly a fifth of the population of Africa are Nigerian and it is the most powerful, rich African nation after South Africa.
Achebe has written this novel to show us what life was like in Nigeria directly before independence. He uses a number of techniques in order to make the writing authentic and you will need to comment on the effect of these when you are writing your forty-five minute response in the IGCSE Literature exam.
Achebe uses a simple style of writing in most of the novel, because he wants to tell the story in the way that it might be told by a member of the Ibo tribe. The beginning of the novel shows this clearly and also how simple language makes Obi's crime/tragedy even sadder. There is much dramatic irony though about our tragic hero and this is sometimes difficult to spot: BEWARE!


I love Edward. I've never hidden that. I used to wish I was Sophie, but now I have my own boyfriend and I wouldn't trade him for any prince in the universe. No way. But Sophie is lucky.
Very lucky. She's got Edward.
However, this isn't about Sophie. That's what her page (and the page here about her) is for. Back to Edward.
Even when Edward was a teenager, he loved acting and drama. I'm guessing his term at Gordonstoun, which, while not quite as harsh as it was when Charles was there, was still quite unbearable when Edward was there. His love of acting stemmed from the fact that he loved playing make-believe when he was a child. This whole thing is still in his life today, I'll explore that later in the essay.
In school, like his father Prince Philip and brother Charles before him, Edward became head boy, or as it's known at Gordonstoun, "Guardian". He was also head of his house. Aside from the more relaxed atmosphere of Gordonstoun when Edward was there, the other big difference from when Charles was there was the fact that in 1972, the school went co-educational. And yes, I'm going to discuss girls and Edward later too.
As a teenager, Edward loved the band Abba and when he gathered his cousins Lady Sarah Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley, Lady Helen Windsor and Marina Ogilvy with him at Windsor Castle, he turned one of the drawing rooms into "Eddie's Nightclub" after dinner and they would try their hand at disco dancing to the likes of Abba and Boney M.
As the youngest in his family, Edward has a deep bond with his mother and shares her desire for privacy where the family is concerned. Something that rather surprised me, is the fact that Edward is also his father's favorite son; he learned to shoot at age seven and often went out with Prince Philip to hunt, even at that young age.
As he grew older, Edward was very unassuming about his appearance, and didn't really conform to the fashions. It seems he is still that way today, a fact which I think is good, because it makes him appear more normal.
More about who Edward really is will be included later when I get time to do some more analyzing.


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She's Hearing Voices
NeuroskepticBy NeuroskepticNov 6, 2008 12:10 AM
If you hear voices that aren't really there, are you "mad"? Maybe - auditory hallucinations, most commonly voices, are one of the characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia and are sometimes also a feature of severe depression and mania. (For more on hallucinations, try this paper. It's long, but it's worth a read because it's one of the few academic papers containing phrases like "Do YOU want a slap in the head?" and "Die, bitch".) But anyone can find themselves hearing things that others don't - it just takes a little prompting.
Via the excellent Mind Hacks, I came across this great little page by Cambridge neuroscientist Matt Davis, which gives some examples of Sine Wave Speech. Essentially, Sine Wave Speech is a voice recording which has been digitally degraded so that it's little more than a collection of beeps and bleeps (sine waves, in fact). When you first listen to it, it sounds something like R2D2 on ecstasy.
However, if you listen to the original, unaltered voice and then go back to the sine-wave version, you can hear the words - the bleeps suddenly sound like a voice. The change is striking - so much so that if you didn't know what was going on, you'd probably think you were listening to a whole new clip. This effect is one example of the brain's tendency to perceive a pattern in a stream of noise, when an expected pattern is known. We're all familiar with this in the realm of vision - if you're looking for something amongst a pile of clutter, your eye is drawn to it, but you won't even register all the other rubbish that's around it. We're not used to the same thing happening with sound, though, I suppose because we generally hear things without much difficulty.
Sine Wave Speech really is a form of voice, but the same principle can lead people to hear voices in the unlikeliest places. Hence the recent case of the Amazing Satanic Islamic Doll, also known by its Jihad name, "Little Mommy Cuddle 'n Coo". This is a kid's toy made by Fisher Price which, when hugged, plays recorded baby noises. A month or so ago a concerned parent somewhere in America decided that one of the recorded baby noises sounded like a voice with a disturbing message. Have a listen.
Did you hear any speech the first time you heard the doll's noise? Probably not, but I'd bet that after you'd heard the claim that the doll was saying "Islam is the Light", the same noise started to sound rather different. After several listens, I now can't hear the noise as anything other than a voice saying that phrase, even though intellectually I know that this is absurd (if Fisher Price were going to plant a message like that they'd be more likely to use "Buy more toys").
The doll is a post-9/11 rerun of the infamous Satanic backmasking scare. If you a play a record backwards, you'll hear various distorted sounds, some of which could be interpreted as speech, if that's what you're expecting to hear. During the 1980s, some concerned citizens (again in America) thought that they could hear Satanic or sexual messages hidden in heavy metal records when they were played backwards. Upon hearing this, several bands liked the idea and actually did put backwards messages in future songs, but most of the allegations were based on people hearing voices in noise, because that's what they expected to hear.
One man believes that the problem goes far beyond metal music and that everyone has hidden backwards messages in everything they say, messages which reveal their subconscious thoughts. Cripes. He gives a lot of examples here. Note that he helpfully tells you exactly what to expect to hear before you've heard to recordings.
Anyway, in original video above, a concerned mom argues that the Muslim message must be real because she can't believe that people across the country are "all hearing things". She doesn't understand that you don't have to be hallucinating to over-interpret noise. It happens to the best of us, and once you know what to expect you really hear the voice, clear as day, whether or not you "believe in it" or "want to hear it". It's not simply the power of suggestion.
On the other hand some psychologists have claimed that suggestion alone can make people hear things. This is generally called the "White Christmas Effect". The original experiment in support of this claim took 78 female students who were told - "in a firm and serious tone of voice" -
I want you to close your eyes and to hear a phonograph record with words and music playing White Christmas. Keep listening to the phonograph record playing White Christmas until I tell you to stop.
As you may have guessed from the language used in sentence, this experiment took place in 1964. Anyway, the students were ordered to hear White Christmas playing in a silent room, and then asked to check a box indicating whether they in fact heard it. 5% said that "I heard the phonograph record of White Christmas clearly and believed that the record was actually playing" while another 49% said "I heard the phonograph record of White Christmas clearly but knew there was no record actually playing."
So according to this experiment, over half of 1960s female students actually "heard" a record playing, simply because someone told them to. (In another part of the experiment, many of them "saw" a cat.) It's very hard to know what to make of this, because it's obvious that some of them may have just been saying that they heard the music because they thought this is what was expected of them. Bear in mind as well that the lead experimenter, Theodore Xenophon Barber, later became interested in some rather dubious stuff. Even so, the paper became popular, and led to a small industry of music-based hallucination research.
More modern work inspired by the White Christmas experiment has been a bit more rigorous. In 2001, two Dutch psychologists took 47 students and told them to listen to some white noise. The students were told that the song White Christmas might be played quietly at some points, and they should press a button whenever they heard it. 14 of them pressed the button at least once (on average, three times each), although the song was never actually played. This implies that a substantial number of healthy people will hear something simply because they expect to hear it, even if what they are actually listening to sounds nothing like it.
The lesson of all of this, if you need it spelled out, is that your eyes and ears are not windows through which you have direct access to reality. Your brain is actively constructing your perceptions of the world based on prior knowledge as well as sense data. But I feel like I'm getting dangerously close to talking philosophy here, so I'd better quit while I'm ahead.
[BPSDB]
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"Training monitoring for resistance exercise: Theory and applications" by Brendan R. Scott, Grant M. Duthie et al.
Resistance exercise is difficult to quantify owing to its inherent complexity with numerous training variables contributing to the training dose ( type of exercise, load lifted, training volume, inter-set rest periods, and repetition velocity ). In addition, the intensity of resistance training is often inadequately determined as the relative load lifted ( % 1-repetition maximum ), which does not account for the effects of inter-set recovery periods, repetition velocity, or the number of repetitions performed in each set at a given load. Methods to calculate the volume load associated with resistance training, as well as the perceived intensity of individual sets and entire training sessions have been shown to provide useful information regarding the actual training stimulus. In addition, questionnaires to subjectively assess how athletes are coping with the stressors of training and portable technologies to quantify performance variables such as concentric velocity may also be valuable. However, while several methods have been proposed to quantify resistance training, there is not yet a consensus regarding how these methods can be best implemented and integrated to complement each other. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide practical information for strength coaches to highlight effective methods to assess resistance training, and how they can be integrated into a comprehensive monitoring program.


Junior Trent Brinkofski was Rutgers' highest placer at the Metropolitan Championships last weekend, finishing in fifth place as the Knights were the competition's runners-up.
After three weeks without racing, the Rutgers men's cross-country team traveled to the Bronx Friday hungry for competition.
When all was said and done, it was safe to say that they had feasted.
The Scarlet Knights finished second at the Metropolitan Championships hosted by Fordham University in Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx. It was the team's best finish in the event in seven years.
Manhattan won the event, while Columbia finished in third.
One year after being the top finisher at the meet and helping the team to a third-place finish, Trent Brinkofski did it all over again for the Knights. The junior paced the team with a fifth-place finish, running the 8.05-kilometer race in 26 minutes and 26 seconds and had an average mile time of 5:17.4 per mile in what he considers one of his favorite places to run.
Despite the stellar results, he still had a few reservations about the team's overall performance.
Brinkofski was joined in the top-ten by sophomore Dominick Munson, who finished right behind him in sixth place with a time of 26:39.3.
Including Brinkofski and Munson, Rutgers had a remarkable top seven, who all finished in the top 20. Rookie Nicholas Pschunder finished in 13th, sophomore Conor Murphy finished in 14th, junior Alex Livernois finished in 16th, senior Nick Price finished in 19th and junior Luke Wiley crossed the line at 20th.
Heading into the meet, the Knights were three weeks removed from finishing fourth in the Rider Invitational. They had plenty of time to train and made sure that everyone was in peak form. Rutgers had their kinks all ironed out, and showed that they were ready to return for competition. And at the end of the day, that training paid off big time.
The Knights will next compete at the Princeton Invitational this Friday as a final tune-up meet before the Big Ten Championship, which will take place at the end of the month. Since the Big Ten meet is much more important, the focus should be on keeping everybody healthy while still trying to produce good results.
Rutgers has been getting better with each meet of the season, culminating in their best result the last time they went out. Doing better each time out is a definite confidence booster, and this can only mean good things going forward for the Knights, especially with one of the biggest meets of the season coming up on the schedule.
For updates on the Rutgers men's cross country team, follow @TargumSports on Twitter.


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Plan of Ayutla: Meaning, History, Causes & Consequences
1 Plan of Ayutla | History of the Ayutla Plan
1.1 What was the Ayutla Plan?
1.2 Historic Context of the Ayutla Plan
1.3 What did the Plan of Ayutla Establish?
1.4 Causes and Consequences of the Ayutla Plan
1.5 Causes of the Plan of Ayutla
1.6 Consequences of the Plan of Ayutla
Plan of Ayutla | History of the Ayutla Plan
Plan of Ayutla: Political statement made by liberal leaders against the dictatorship of Mexican President Antonio López de Santa Anna.
What was the Ayutla Plan?
The Plan of Ayutla (Ayutla Plan) was a political pronouncement made by liberal leaders against the dictatorship of Mexican President Antonio López de Santa Anna.
It was proclaimed on March 1, 1854 in the city of Ayutla, State of Guerrero, by Florencio Villarreal, Ignacio Comonfort and Juan N. Álvarez. He received the support of Benito Juárez, Melchor Ocampo, Ponciano Arriaga, and other liberals exiled by Santa Anna, who had gone into exile in the United States.
The document raised the need to overthrow the government of Santa Anna and replace it with an interim presidency of a liberal court and the convocation of a constituent congress.
The Ayutla Plan received the support of a large part of the country, for which a civil war beging between supporters and opponents of Santa Anna, which ended with the resignation and exile of the dictator.
Historic Context of the Ayutla Plan
In 1821, the Viceroyalty of New Spain became independent from the Spanish Empire and the First Mexican Empire was established, under the constitutional monarchy of the Creole military man – Agustín de Iturbide.
The empire did not last long since in 1823, General Santa Anna staged a coup and proclaimed the Republic. The following year, a federal constitution was enacted, which recognized the autonomy of the various Mexican states.
Since then, conflicts began between two opposing political groups: the conservatives, who were centralists and favorable to Hispanic influence, and the liberals, who were federalists and rejected any type of external interference.
In 1829, Santa Anna defeated a Spanish expedition in the battle of Tampico that sought to reconquer the country. This triumph allowed him to obtain great popularity, so in 1833, he was elected President of the Republic.
In 1836, Santa Anna replaced the federal constitution of 1824 with a centralist one that limited the autonomy of the Mexican states. This measure was resisted by several state governments, and had as one of its consequences the proclamation of the Independence of Texas in 1836.
The secession of Texas was supported by the United States, which incorporated it into its territory in 1845. This annexation started the war with Mexico, which ended with the triumph of the United States and the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. By this agreement, signed in 1848, Mexico lost half of its territory.
After the defeat against the United States, Santa Anna's influence diminished, prompting opposition sectors to speak out against him. But Santa Anna did not give in and in 1853 he proclaimed himself a perpetual dictator.
Portrait of the perpetual dictator Antonio López de Santa Anna. Anonymous painting from the mid-19th century.
What did the Plan of Ayutla Establish?
The main provisions of the Ayutla Plan were the following:
Both President López de Santa Anna and all his officials were required to cease the exercise of political power.
It was proclaimed that if the liberal army were successful, representatives of all the Mexican states would be summoned to elect an interim president of the Republic. The latter would have broad powers to reform the public administration and attend to national security.
It was established that, fifteen days after taking office, the interim president had to convene an extraordinary congress in order to establish a republican and democratic government that would reorganize the country.
Generals Nicolás Bravo, Juan N. Álvarez, and Tomás Moreno were called upon to take charge of the liberal forces.
The commitment was made to make modifications to the plan if the majority of Mexicans so requested.
Causes and Consequences of the Ayutla Plan
Causes of the Plan of Ayutla
Among the causes of the Ayutla Plan, the following can be mentioned:
The authoritarian way in which Santa Anna ruled the country, especially since 1853, when he proclaimed himself a perpetual dictator and demanded that he be called "His Serene Highness".
The social unrest due to the defeat suffered in the war against the United States, the acts of corruption of the dictator and his officials and the constant tax increases.
The conviction of a part of the political leadership that the only way to get Mexico out of the backwardness it was in was to overthrow Santa Anna and implement a series of reforms based on liberal ideology.
Consequences of the Plan of Ayutla
Among the consequences of the Ayutla Plan, the following stand out:
The Ayutla Revolution began during which the rebels, led by Álvarez and General Santos Degollado defeated Santa Anna's forces and advanced towards Mexico City.
Santa Anna was forced to resign on August 9, 1855 and go into exile in Cuba, from where he went to the United States, Colombia, and the Virgin Islands. The Ayutla Plan marked the end of his political career and that of his influence on Mexican society. He was only able to return to Mexico in 1874, to die, ignored by a large part of the population, two years later.
The Liberals took power and proclaimed Juan Álvarez interim president, who appointed renowned liberals to his cabinet, including Benito Juárez. After his resignation, in December 1855, he was succeeded by Ignacio Comonfort. This one implemented a series of political and economic reforms that generated the dissatisfaction of the conservatives and were the origin of the proclamation of the Plan of Tacubaya and the beginning of the War of Reform.


All Sindhi recipes are very tasty and we make today is the most favorite Began Aalu stuffed vegetable recipe. You just try this it at home and sure you love this unique tasty Bengan Aalu Ki Bharva Sabji Recipe. Watch the video and read recipe and ingredients to make it at home. Like comment on your views and share this with your friends and subscribe to my channel today for all easy homemade recipes Rasoi.me.
Take 5- 6 small size brinjal / Began and cut into center as shown in video.
First we take 1 cup peanuts and grind it with green chilles and garlic. This stuffing is ready take it into plate. Add turmeric powder, salt, Red chilles powder and coriander powder mix it well.
This stuffing is ready fill it in Brinjal .
Gravy is ready in 3- 5 minutes then we add potatoes in it saute it with gravy and add stuffed brinjal in cooker as shown in video.
We take 4- 5 whistle in pressure cooker leave it for 5- 10 minutes slow flame. Its ready to serve.
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