Police officers patrolling Sadeqieh Subway Station in western Tehran confiscated 30 relics worth an estimated 30 billion rials ($870,000) last week from a man who claimed to have brought them from Iraq.
The officers became suspicious of a man carrying a rice gunny bag and arrested him while he was getting off at a station and discovered the relics, each wrapped in a separate piece of cloth.
The man, who introduced himself as Mehdi, at first refused to talk but further interrogation revealed he had smuggled the artifacts from Iraq, ISNA reported.
The objects have been handed over to the Tehran office of Iran's Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization.
Cultural heritage officials have confirmed the authenticity of the objects but "more study is needed to definitively determine the civilization," according to Mohammad Reza Nemati, Tehran Province's chief archeologist.
"There's a good chance they belonged to people living in Mesopotamia," he added.
The gunny bag seized by the authorities contained six Sassanid-era scent bottles, several bronze bangles and flags belonging to the first millennium BC.
Four earthen tablets, three bracelets and five Kohl containers were also among the objects.


Top, bottom and side case pieces for the 3-way Active Crossover, cut from 3mm black acrylic. With the front and rear panels, these form the case for the Crossover.
The case can be assembled so that the outside surface is either matte black (recommended) or gloss black.
The article in the October 2017 issue has the full case assembly details. Total panel size: 223 x 302 x 3mm.


text:
class Basic
  include DataMapper::Resource
  property :id, Serial
end

class Foo
  include DataMapper::Resource
  property :id, Serial
  property :name, String
  property :age, Integer

  def initialize(name = "foo", age = 10)
    @name = name
    @age  = age
  end

  def name_all_caps
    name.upcase
  end

  def age_times_100
    age*100
  end

  perspective :foo,:include => [:age_times_100,:name_all_caps] do
    def age_in_dog_years
      @resource.age*7
    end

    def onerific_title
      "#{@resource.name}-sama"
    end
  end

end

class Bar
  include DataMapper::Resource
  property :id, Serial
  property :name, Integer
  property :age, Integer

  def initialize(name = "bar", age = 10)
    @name = name
    @age  = age
  end
end

module BarModule
  def module_method
    "module_method"
  end
end

class BarPerspectives < DataMapper::Perspectives::Base

  perspective :bar, :include => :properties, :exclude => [:age] do
    include BarModule
    def age_in_dog_years
      @resource.age*7
    end

    def onerific_title
      "#{@resource.name}-sama"
    end
  end

end

class Baz
  include DataMapper::Resource
  property :id, Serial
  property :name, Integer
  property :age, Integer

  def initialize(name = "baz", age = 10)
    @name = name; @age  = age
  end
end

class Quux < Baz
  def initialize(name = "quux", age = 10)
    @name = name; @age  = age
  end
end

class BasePerspectives < DataMapper::Perspectives::Base
  def self.foo
    'class foo'
  end

  def foo
    'instance foo'
  end
  perspective :baz, :include => [:name,:age], :exclude => [:age] do
    def age_in_dog_years
      @resource.age*7
    end

    def onerific_title
      "#{@resource.name}-sama"
    end
  end
end

class BazPerspectives < BasePerspectives
end

class QuuxPerspectives < BasePerspectives

  def self.foo
    'class quux foo'
  end

  def foo
    'instance quux foo'
  end

  def self.set_ivar
    @ivar = "SET"
  end

  perspective :baz, :include => [] do
    set_ivar
    def age_in_dog_years
      9000
    end
  end
end

DataMapper.setup(:default, 'sqlite3::memory:')
DataMapper.auto_migrate! if defined?(DataMapper)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Facebook bans company that helped elect Trump - and it just hit their stock price
Facebook's stock price took a big tumble on Monday after it was revealed that its data was misused by a third party company that helped elect President Donald Trump. (JUSTIN TALLIS/AFP/Getty Images)
Facebook suffered a large selloff that dropped their stock price by nearly seven percent Friday, and many are blaming the fallout from the suspension Friday of a company that helped elect Trump.
A fall for Facebook
The social media behemoth, which recently celebrated reaching 2 billion users, released a statement Friday explaining the actions it took against Cambridge Analytica, the data firm that the Trump campaign used in the 2016 election.
"We are suspending Strategic Communication Laboratories (SCL), including their political data analytics firm, Cambridge Analytica, from Facebook," the company statement said. "In 2015, we learned that a psychology professor at the University of Cambridge named Dr. Aleksandr Kogan lied to us and violated our Platform Policies by passing data from an app that was using Facebook Login to SCL/Cambridge Analytica, a firm that does political, government and military work around the globe."
They continued to explain that they asked for the data to be destroyed after they discovered the breach of their policies. In the past few weeks they say that they saw evidence that it was not destroyed, and so they banned the company.
Regulators in the United States and the United Kingdom criticized the company for allowing its data to be used in such a way by Cambridge. That led to a sell off in their stock on Monday.
Facebook burns publishers
The company has also seen a decline in the hours users spend on their platform per day, a sizable 50 million hours lost per day, after they announced they would be altering their algorithm to de-emphasize publishers and viral videos. The change has caused ad revenue to drop precipitously for some content producers, and even sent some directly into insolvency.
Taking down the stock market with it
Facebook is such a large company that it helped shave 1.84% off the Nasdaq index, and sending other stocks in the tech sector down. The company lost 6.8%, or approximately $40 billion in market value from Friday's closing.
Here's a Fox News Business report on the fall:
Mexican inmates accused of using newborn baby to smuggle drugs inside prison after infant is found dead in a trash can
Deace: Famed Democratic strategist Paul Begala sounds alarm about Democratic voters
Horrific falling deaths of mother, 2-year-old son at baseball stadium ruled murder-suicide: Police
Crazy video shows West Virginia reporter struck by car live on air — and no one could have predicted her response
Skier charged with manslaughter after 5-year-old dies following collision on the slopes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Turtle - Dr. Becky's favorite!
At BCAH we have huge hearts for pocket pets! Our doctors keep an extensive reference library, consult specialists and take Continuing Education classes to keep up with the latest exotic information. In veterinary medicine, "exotic" animals conventionally include birds, reptiles and small mammals such as rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits and ferrets. These animals can be wonderful pets, in some cases excellent for small children, and don't require room to run. However, they have specific husbandry and dietary needs, can carry zoonotic diseases, and when sick can be harder to diagnose and treat than cats and dogs.
Exotic species are masters at hiding their illness from their owners! Most are prey species, and an important survival trick is to hide their injury or illness to prevent predators from targeting them. Therefore, regular veterinary visits are important to help detect early indications of illness. During a normal wellness visit, the staff will go over many aspects of pet care, discuss ways to detect early disease and minimize preventable illness, and share any new advances in exotic pet care that might benefit your individual pet's needs.
It is very important to understand that these animals are domesticated pet animals. True exotic wildlife and native wildlife such as tigers, other wild cats, monkeys and wolves are not suitable as pets, and many are endangered species. Venomous reptiles are also unsuitable as a family pet.
We see many furry and scaly creatures including rabbits, ferrets, turtles, lizards, sugar gliders, etc. However, we do refer birds and wildlife to UT Veterinary Hospital.


Home page of RF&G Insurance Company in Belize, they offer a variety of insurance products to the public.
Products and policies offered by RF&G Insurance.
Insurance offered to protect your property from unknowns such as a hurricane.
Protection for home owners to be covered for natural disasters and other accidents that may occur.
Insurance for businesses or commercial property. RF&G even offers Business Interruption insurance.
Information about insurance for vehicles and third party insurance. You can contact an agent in any district.
Insurance coverage is available for private motor vehicles, even those such as tractors, golf carts and motorized heavy equipment.
Insurance coverage is available for all types of motorcycles at any of our district agents.
Find more information about Insurance. How it works as well as the amount of coverage you need and much more.
Information about insurance coverage for boats and other marine vehicles and cargo.


text:
French Version of this Page
Xena:Warrior Princess
-What's it all about?
So, what is this Xena programme then? If you are a new viewer, you may be wondering what the fuss is about. Why has Cath bothered setting up a UK page-must be a sad nutter! Well, that may or may not be true, but if you are here, then I hope you'll give Xena:Warrior Princess a go.
I came across it by accident when there was nothing much on TV, and I thought I'd see what it was like. I was instantly hooked. But why? Well, to give you the back story, the series is set in Ancient Greece, although there is no real attempt to stick to historical facts, it isn't that sort of show. Xena herself is a former bad girl, turned good after an encounter with Hercules in the series Hercules:The Legendary Journeys. She was a warlord who rampaged around Greece conquering all in her path. After showing a little compassion, her army turn on her and she barely escapes with her life. With Hercules' help she defeats her evil former subordinate and embarks on a new life-and a series of her own.
Xena has a companion on her travels, a young bard named Gabrielle who is as talkative as Xena is taciturn. It is the combination of personalities that helps the series work so well. Xena and Gabrielle help those in need and fight evil where ever they go. (For more information on the characters see My Who's Who Page)
So it's an all action show?
Well there is a lot of action. Xena has a fighting technique that is reminscent of those kung fu movies of the 70s. She somersaults and high kicks, aswell as the more conventional sword skills. She also has a special weapon, a metal frisbee-like skimmer that she flings at opponents called a chakram. Xena herself really looks the part. The outfit IS striking isn't it? The leather and twisted metal armour, high boots and short skirt are memorable.
However, it is not just an action show. For a start off, the whole tone of the show is camp tongue-in-cheek. There is a lot of humour, both verbal and visual. Also, there is a surprising depth to the characters. Xena herself is interesting as someone with a genuinely shady past. No, more than that, she has done many terrible things. That darkness of character is what makes her intriguing. Gabrielle is also a very attractive character as the ordinary girl who helps the warrior princess begin to put right the wrongs she has committed.
Are the stories any good?
Of course! You might want to have a look at My Episode Guide or Episode Reviews for more details. Series One quickly got into its stride with some terrific episodes, a mixture of drama, action, and tongue in cheek comedy. Near the end of the series a really nasty villain named Callisto was introduced in an episode of that name, and at the start of series 2 she returns with a vengeance. We also meet various Gods like Ares and Hades, and other mythical figures like Hercules, the Titans, Prometheus, Baccus, David and Goliath and Orpheus.
Comedy characters include the used-car-salesman like Salmoneus who also appeard in Hercules:The Legendary Journeys. Joxer, a bumbling wannabe warrior is makes a lot of appearances in series 2. Comedy episodes like Warrior..Princess, and the follow up Warrior..Princess..Tramp are highlights for me. In these the shows star Lucy Lawless doubles and then triples up as Xena lookalikes, yes, a princess and a tramp.
Who is in it?
You won't have heard of them before, but the stars are Lucy Lawless and Renee O'Connor. They are the main reason the series works, because both are such good actors. In action type shows, acting skills are sometimes lacking, but Lucy Lawless constantly surprises with her subtle delivery. The character of Xena is pretty deadpan much of the time, but Lawless conveys so much of Xena's feelings. She is equally good at drama, tragedy or comedy and makes Xena fully believable when she could so easily have been a caricature. She has a great ear for accents, as a New Zealander herself, but does a perfect (well it sounds good to me) US accent. She also does Xena's voice much deeper than her own. See Warrior PrincessTramp for a selection of her accents. It is also intersting to see the Hercules and the Amazon Women tv movie where Lawless played an Amazon, and the Hercules episode As Darkness Falls, where she was a centaur's girlfriend. Then compare with the three episodes Xena was introduced in. Lawless has a different voice for just about every one!
Renee O'Connor has fine comedic timing, and is a perfect foil to Lawless. She is constantly described as 'the irritating blonde', when she is actually very likeable for a sidekick-type character, and is anyway a redhead!(although the shade varies from blondish to auburn.) Another strength of the series is that the characters of Xena and Gabrielle do change. Gabrielle does not remain the innocent, eager youngster for long, and Xena is mellowing out a bit-although not too much!
Didn't Xena fall off her horse?
A much publicised event in America, Lucy Lawless was filming a skit for Jay Leno's Tonight Show when her horse slipped and she fractured her pelvis (ouch!) This resulted in a body swap for Xena, as arch enemy Callisto took over Xena's body which meant actress Hudson Lieck took over Xena's body, enabling Lucy Lawless to recover, although she is apparently wary of horse riding now.
So who does the show appeal to?
All sorts of people. A strong kick-ass heroine is someone women will like. No one messes with Xena, and it is great to have a tv character that we would like to have as a pal on a dark night. I know quite a few men that definitely appreciate Xena's leathers, and the statuesque Lucy Lawless, while quite a few also are Gabrielle fans, particularly when she switched to the short, bikini style top that bares quite a bit of flesh! Xena is popular with children who like the cartoon-ish slap bang action and a no-nonsense heroine.
Then of course there is the whole subtext question! This is a big issue amongst subscribers to the alt.tv.xena newsgroup, and the cause of much debate. To find out more about it read Part 1, and Part 2of the FAQ about subtext. Briefly, it is thought by many fans, and acknowledged by the producers and stars that Xena and Gabrielle are awfully *close* and that there are many hints of a deeper relationship between them. Check out the FAQ, but don't worry, if you don't like that sort of thing, you won't even notice!
So is it any good?
YES! You think I'd bother with all this if it was rubbish? The show has style and flair, humour, drama and action, attractive and intelligent stars, interesting characters and great New Zealand locations. (You can play spot the Kiwi accent with the guest stars!) Xena rules!!
Back to the Xena Index Page
Go to my Reviews Index
A quicker Episode Guide


text:
Q: R create column in new data frame if cells values match in two columns I have a data frame 'DF1' with two columns that might have repeat data like such:

Date
Name

2022-03-13
Bob

2022-03-13
Bob

2022-03-13
Tim

2022-03-14
Bob

2022-03-13
Tim

2022-03-14
Jim

I want to create a new data frame 'DF2' that populates a new column called 'Count' that counts those repeats with the prefix 'Count'. The new data frame should also include the Date and Name information from the original column so that the new data frame looks like this:

Date
Name
Count

2022-03-13
Bob
Count 2

2022-03-13
Tim
Count 2

2022-03-14
Bob
Count 1

2022-03-14
Jim
Count 1

Thank you for your help!

A: To get the prefix "Count" you can use the paste() function, e.g.
library(dplyr)

df <- read.table(text = "Date   Name
2022-03-13  Bob
2022-03-13  Bob
2022-03-13  Tim
2022-03-14  Bob
2022-03-13  Tim
2022-03-14  Jim", header = TRUE)

df %>%
  group_by(Name, Date) %>%
  summarise(Count = paste("Count", n(), sep = " ")) %>%
  arrange(desc(Count))
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'Name'. You can override using the
#> `.groups` argument.
#> # A tibble: 4 × 3
#> # Groups:   Name [3]
#>   Name  Date       Count
#>   <chr> <chr>      <chr>
#> 1 Bob   2022-03-13 Count 2
#> 2 Tim   2022-03-13 Count 2
#> 3 Bob   2022-03-14 Count 1
#> 4 Jim   2022-03-14 Count 1

Created on 2022-08-15 by the reprex package (v2.0.1)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The KTH Group has dedicated engineers with diverse skills and capabilities to assist at every step of the automotive component development process.
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text:
Thatta: the ancient city of kings
Dawn.comPublished October 2, 2012
Another view of the main hall of the mosque, from a window in the dome on the roof. - Photo by Sara Faruqi/Dawn.com
An afternoon nap in the cool shade of the mosque hall. The Shah Jehan Mosque is architecturally very different from those built in Lahore and Delhi in the same period. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
The mosque is a combination of Turkish and local artwork, which is profusely used on tile work in the ceiling decoration of semi-domed and domed chambers; as well as in the fillings of interlaced arches. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqui/Dawn.com
A view of the Jame Masijid entrance, commonly known as Shah Jahani Mosque, which was built by Emperor of Hindustan Shah Jahan and completed in 1647. - Photo by Sara Faruqi/Dawn.com
A view from the opposite side. This mosque has 93 domes and 33 arches with varying sizes. A piece of local folklore suggests that the domes are charmed in such a way that whoever tries to count them always gets confused and comes up with different results. - Photo by Sara Faruqi/Dawn.com
A view of the mosque courtyard and prayer area. This mosque was built by Mir Abdullah on the orders of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan and is a masterpiece of Mughal architecture. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
The main Mihrab of the mosque in its front hall from where the prayers are led. It is said that Shah Jahan built this mosque as a gesture of gratitude to the people of Thatta for sheltering him during his youth after his father, Emperor Jahangir banished him from Delhi. [Image is a stitch of 5 photographs] - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
A view of the shrine of Hazrat Abdullah Shah Ashabi at Makli. According to locals and historical references, 125,000 saints have found their last resting place in Makli. Those buried here aren?t all Sufi's or saints, but also include scholars, rulers, and ordinary people. - Photo by Sara Faruqi/Dawn.com
The tomb was built on a base of stone blocks. The building was constructed using red baked bricks, but now - like most tombs in Makli - it lies in serious disrepair. - Photo by Sara Faruqi/Dawn.com
A view of two kinds of tomb built during the Tarkhan era. One [left] is made of the familiar stone but the other is the brick tomb of Sultan Ibrahim, the son of Isa Khan I (and brother of Isa Khan II whose tomb is pictured earlier). Ibrahim died in 1550. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
A closer view of the Sultan's tomb, through an archway in a broken outer wall. The stonework also includes Jali (grills) and was originally, decorated with blue glazed tiles. The work is believed to have been carried out by Persian craftsmen and also those from Central Asia who were influenced by the traditions passed on from ancient civilizations of Nainnavah and Babylon. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
Inside the tomb, the grave is decorated with complex Quranic calligraphy. In Makli, Arabic scripts like Naskh and Nastaleeq were inscribed on stone graves in an expression of faith. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
An external view of the Jam Unner tomb. The dynasty that he founded was located in Lar or Lower Sindh, and was first mentioned in 1355 by Ibn-e-Battuta, the famous traveler from North Africa. The facade of the tomb is crumbling and vandalised with scratched political graffiti. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
A brick tomb of the Samma royal family members. Samma were the first dynasty who made Thatta their capital, and this is the tomb of Jam Unner, who was their first and founding ruler. [Image is a stitch of 4 photographs] - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
Two different kinds of tombs of the same dynasty belonging to different rulers. The Jam Tamachi grave [left] has an umbrella type dome with yellow stone carved pillars. Tamachi was the son of Jam Unner and the second ruler of the Samma dynasty. Jam Nindo, whose tomb is on the right - was the second last. - Photo by Sara Faruqi/Dawn.com
A view of a classical triple-mehrab on the tomb's western wall. The tomb architecture has borrowed decorative motifs from the Hindu art of temple building, especially from Jainism, but also combines these with Islamic ones like the Meharab and the carving of Quranic verses using different motifs. - Photo by Sara Faruqi/Dawn.com
A partial view of the front ornamented wall of the tomb. Here too we see the basic design derived from Jain temple art but it is modified with the Islamic mehrab. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
Main entrance of the Jam Nindo (or Jam Nizamuddin) tomb built in 1509. The tomb was built using yellow Jodhpuri stone imported from Indian Gujrat. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
An inner view of the western and southern wall of the Jam Nindo tomb. This tomb is also unique in its conceptions and detail of decoration. Brick masonry is common in Samma tombs, but this is the first attempt by the Sammas to build buildings with square stone bricks. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
A detail of the decorations on the outer side of the Jam Nindo tomb. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
An internal view of the dome-less tomb of Jam Nindo. Archealogist Dr. Ahmed Hassan Dani says that it is the only example of Sindhi-Islamic art in the whole subcontinent. [Image is a stitch of 4 photographs] - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
The tomb of Isa Khan Tarkhan II, built on a stone carved platform. Isa Khan defeated the Arghuns in 1555 who only ruled briefly before being overthrown by the Tarkhans. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
Isa Khan II's tomb is a double story building with a carved pillared gallery. He died in 1565 after surpassing an age of 100. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
A view of the entrance from the inner side. This is a wall of the Isa Khan Tarkhan II tomb Pavilion. The tomb was built with yellow Jodhpuri stone, and has since suffered damages. Where the old, carved stones have fallen out, they have been replaced with plain new ones. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
A general view of the Jamia Masjid ruin. This is the earliest mosque built in the Makli necropolis and was built in the Samma period during the 14th century. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
A couple of bats hang upside down in a crack on the mehrab wall, where "Allah" is written using plaster. This crack has only emerged it the last few years. The mosque was built by Samma ruler Jam Tamachi after he was released from captivity by Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq, the ruler of Delhi in 1388. - Photo by Nadir Siddiqi/Dawn.com
A simple grave on a platform, with a sign that says ?Mai Makli jo Qabar? - or the grave of Mai Makli. The grave is situated adjacent to the southern wall of the Jamia Mosque [Next Photo]. Makli means Little Mecca or Mecca-like; some relate it with a devout and pious woman "Mai Makli". It is believed that her prayers averted Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq's conquest of Thatta. He could only seize it three days after her death. - Photo by Sara Faruqi/Dawn.com
An example of Arghun stone architecture on a grave that was built during the time of their rule in the first half of the sixteenth century. The Arghuns defeated the Sammas in 1520 to take over Lower Sindh for a few decades. - Photo by Mukhtar Azad/Dawn.com
Thatta is an ancient city of the Indus delta. The city is situated about 100 kilometers from Karachi, Pakistan via the national highway. It had great importance in history and today is famous for its archeological sites and centuries old monuments, which are great tourist attractions. [Click on photos to enlarge]
According to historians Thatta may have been the main port on the Indus in the time of Alexander the Great's invasion. The river Indus has changed its course many times since the days of Alexander, and this ancient site of Patala has been subject to much conjecture (the river changes course slowly due to a process called "siltation" which is essentially water pollution by fine silt particles).
Thatta was the capital of three successive dynasties, the traces of which are evident in the Makli necropolis, which spreads over a twelve square kilometer area. These dynasties are: Samma (1335-1520), Arghun (1520-1555) and Tarkhan (1555-1665).
There are archeological sites in the city and on its outskirts. The most famous of these sites is the Makli Hill, which is the biggest necropolis in the world and about three kilometers from Thatta.
Because of its cultural and archeological importance, in the 1980s UNESCO listed the Makli necropolis as a World Heritage Site. The most preserved area of the necropolis is Makli Hill, which comprises about 35 monuments and contains four different schools of architecture and art made from stone to brick and glaze.
The monuments here also tell the story of external cultural influences in Lower Sindh, including Hindu, Central Asian and Persian cultures.
Later on, the city of Thatta was ruled by the Mughal emperors of Delhi through its governors, leaving an indelible mark on the shape of the monuments there. The most famous example of Mughal architecture is the Shah Jahan Mosque, constructed in the latter half of the seventeenth century.
Thatta played an important role in the history of Sindh and the city was constantly renovated from the 14 to 18 century. But in 1739, when the province of Sindh was taken over by Nadir Shah of Persia, Thatta entered into a period of decline. However the four centuries that comprise the golden age of Thatta have left their traces on the form of monuments in the region. - Text by Mukhtar Azad
Govt mulls over curbs as Covid cases resurge
Ex-CJP Nazim Hussain Siddiqui passes away in Karachi
Rana Shamim affidavit: Ex-judge, journalists to be indicted on Jan 20
Rmalik
The great heritage of the people of Pakistan is so impressive that they can go back to Indus valley civilization when even Hindus did not exit. It is their heritage and no one else. If they revive it, Pakistan will be the land of tourism of the whole world, be it Hindus, Buddhists, Mughals, Muslims, Persians and so many more I do not know . We can all find our ancestors belonging to the area of Pakistan that Pakistan itself does not know in the zeal of religious fanaticism. Wake up and glorify yourself in the proud heritage you are from. .
shanti maharaj
well offcourse, the world is aware of the indus as the bedrock of hindu civilization and budhhism. unfortunately, when pakistan got its independence they wished to remove anything and everything that reminded them of their hindu heritage. instead they identified themselves with saudi arabia. all cultures of the world celebrate its rich historical finds, instead pakistan throws it away. i am sure the young in todays generation will never know that their origins came from the bloodline of the rajputan hindus. even the founder of pakistan jinahs granparents were rajputan hindus. bhuttos mother was a hindu. such were the times of moghul rule convert or face the swdeath
salisha jameela baksh
this was the evil plot of the then british empire to divide and rule. so sad this plot was not seen by the leaders of the time. my grandmother was a muslim for little while and cries of the her childhood memories of the torture her parents underwent after partition to convert to islam in around the area of gumpti bazaar. very sad history. sometimes i cry when i remember the stories my grandmother would tell us. i sure wish as half muslim and half hindu the people of pakistan will remove their hatred of india
WOW its awsome
Still begs the question what was need for partition of India?
Iftekhar Mahmood
It is such an enchanting necropolis... I remember the awe I felt while visiting it about ten years ago. But the state of disrepair and neglect was quite disheartening. I was kind of taken aback by some of the strange comments from our Indian friends. Burial place has nothing to do with Hinduism anyway. What's the ruckus all about? Isn't the Indus valley civilization distinct from the Ganga-Jumna one. The two interacted sure... but had evolved on their own and both had been different from the southern civilization. This diversity makes the sub-continent so rich in culture, languages arts and crafts etc. One should not try to lump together such a vast land as the cradle of only one civilization. Undeniably, Influences also came from the great Persian and Roman empires. Most recently, Arabs and central Asians left their mark. A true melting pot, if there ever was one. Somewhere in the early nineties, Time magazine did an interesting cover story. It was the time when America had seriously started taking pride in its diversity and multiculturalism. Yes there was such a time before 9/11... sigh... Anyway, the story was about a software that made it possible to generate the features of a human face and it was made to predict how an american woman would look like in 2050. The picture that the cover carried could easily be mistaken for a Pakistani or Indian lady. The celebrated melting pot American experience had already been lived by the sub-continent. Let's take pride in it rather than creating frictions. The only hope is that India can have as big a heart as its size and allows the UN mandated plebiscite in Jammun & Kashmir. That is the only problem between us, but we have no statesmen around...
who lived there before the hindus?
Samad Chaudhry
Our rulers are far too busy filling their own pockets then preserving the old and ancient history
<The monuments here also tell the story of external cultural influences in Lower Sindh, including Hindu Hindu's are the original people before Islam came.
Anwer
.... and I lived for many years just a 100kms away; most of us of Pakistani origin are not even aware of this wonderful and magnificent heritage. I have not visited Pakistan in over 10 years. It is wonderful to see this kind of work through your features at Dawn.... This amazing place will be on my itinerary when I visit a "safer & tolerant" Pakistan again with my wife and sons in the future
Such beautiful gems of my country. so much of history is kept in one of the places like Thatta. I have been to Dubai recently for holidays and learnt that Emirates history is just going back to late 1800 but still not only they have managed to preserve their little history but also they attract foreign tourists to visit those places. Bear in mind Dubai Oil Based GDP is only 7% whereas other sectors contribute mainly to the Emirate including Tourism. Q: Should not this be followed in our country?
Vinayak
Beautiful picture. Had heard about Thatta but never seen a picture.
Ahmed Sultan
There is one condition with that plebiscite proposed by UN that plebiscite can happen if PAK troops get out of J&K. If you are talking about plebiscite then you should know everything about it.
neena grant
People from the Indus civilization, the Dravidians were not Hindus, but a very peaceful and well connected people - trading with Egypt and Sumer. Hardly any weapons are found. They were brilliant and built the first planned city in the world: Mohenjo Daro. Today we see them as Harijans, the ultimate pariah caste of India. Through thousands of years these people have been victimized and supressed by the brutal Hindu caste system. Looking at the way Muslims are living in India today, despite all the problems in our country, we are happy to not be a part of the caste system, but free citizens in our own country that will soon evolve to be Iqbals Pakistan and a good neighbor to India as well!
Shahid
So what? I am an Indian Muslim, and I know perfectly well that my ancestors,as well as those of Pakistanis are Hindus. What difference does it make? We follow The Prophet Muhammad(s.a.w.) no........accept it just as we accept Hindu ancestors.....We are happy with Islam. Any problem?
raghu
so it seems this thatta has a history since say 1300 funny
Naresh Sharma
Dawn Plz dont remove it let the people of Pakistan understand what is Hinduism.. Hindu is not a religion... The word Hindu is derived (through Persian) from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, the historic local appellation for the Indus River in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is first mentioned in the Rig Veda.[11][12][13] The word Hindu was borrowed into European languages from the Arabic term al-Hind, referring to the land of the people who live across the River Indus,[14] itself from the Persian term Hind?, which refers to all Indians. By the 13th century, Hindust?n emerged as a popular alternative name of India, meaning the "land of Hindus".[15] The term Hinduism also occurs sporadically in Sanskrit texts such as the later Rajataranginis of Kashmir (Hinduka, c. 1450), some 16th-18th century Bengali Gaudiya Vaishnava texts, including Chaitanya Charitamrita and Chaitanya Bhagavata, usually to contrast Hindus with Yavanas or Mlecchas.[16] It was only towards the end of the 18th century that the European merchants and colonists referred collectively to the followers of Indian religions as Hindus. The term Hinduism was introduced into the English language in the 19th century to denote the religious, philosophical, and cultural traditions native to India.. Our religion is Sanatan Dharma... Sanatana Dharma is by its very essence a term that is devoid of sectarian leanings or ideological divisions. This is evident by the very term itself. The two words, "Sanatana Dharma", come from the ancient Sanskrit language. "Sanatana" is a Sanskrit word that denotes that which which is Anadi (beginningless), Anantha (endless) and does not cease to be, that which is eternal and everlasting. With its rich connotations, Dharma is not translatable to any other language. Dharma is from dhri, meaning to hold together, to sustain. Its approximate meaning is "Natural Law," or those principles of reality which are inherent in the very nature and design of the universe. Thus the term Sanatana Dharma can be roughly translated to mean "the natural, ancient and eternal way."
JaiRam
Wow. I could not stop looking at the pictures again and again. I wish if there was a way, that we could see more of such in Pakistan. These structure should not only be preserved for future generations but also be opened as a tourist attraction (I am well aware of the current conditions which would not let such initiatives be materialized). I thank dawn for bringing out them to us, who might never get a chance to view them in real. I would also like to rquest dawn to let us have more of these. Thatta really looks a beautiful and culturally enriched place.
EQ8Rhomes
The early people of South Asia were most likely African migrants and their descendants are the darker skinned people of South India, who were pushed out by the Central Asian invaders from the Indus settlements. Hindusim came into being naturally from the observations of the earth and the skies by intellectuals who offered their explanations of origins, life, living, death, and the cycles of Nature. In that we may say it is an organic religion, with some Greek influence such as Dyaus (Zeus ), Dyaus Pita (Zeus Pater) and matters of Mahabharata and the wheeled chariots of war. To me, the most important factor is that Hinduism has its essential roots in South Asia where it portrays the organic truths about existence in the context of the land and life there. Hinduism is not based totally on lands, life in foreign lands, and foreign ideas of existence. For example, the West borrowed totally from the Middle East its Judeo-Christian ideology and used it to invade and exploit the world. Muslims borrowed wholly from that Middle Eastern ideologies from which the Judaic culture and Ideology sprang. Hence, the Abrahamic religious ideologies. Finally, Muslims are encouraged not to delve into the pre-Islamic past beyond what is to them, Frightful "idol worship" and the Battle of the Trenches near Mecca, and the Prophet's fright to Medina. Study of pre-Islamic cultures of the M.E. would, I think, ground Muslims in their own organic cultures and ideologies and remove the constant fear of the shadows and ideas shared by Jews and Christians. The competition to prove which of the three Abrahamic religions is the TRUE one is a major problem to the world. M.E. cultures had life and history before the Roman Calendar and people must look back to know their origins and not be consumed by yesterday's foreign theologies which cause many to feel that they are in a state of limbo as to what truths they ancestors intellectuals to help develop and refine their cultures and thinking. the acts of destroying ancient cultural artifacts and representations of life, is a modernist idea to remove all memories of the past in a strange convulsion to glorify the newer ideologies as if they were ALWAYS WITH US. It is a fraud against oneself, a faked amnesia. If some people could, they would blow away the Pharaonic images, but they like the fame and money that they bring. Like the Indus Civilization, they are reminders of our origins, which we smash and loot at our own peril.
Chaigram
Congratulations to Dawn for this wonderful article. As a child and also as student the city of Thatta always fascinated me. Thank you.
Desicanuk
Brits are a convenient scapegoat for India and Pakistanis.We desis should really take the blame.We alone are the authors of our misfortune.Our leaders lacked any foresight and failed to see what partition would entail.In 1857 we butchered British women and children.In 1947 we butchered each other.Brits have the last laugh - for they got their revenge.Have we learnt anything from our history?Looks like we are forever condemned to repeat it.Need I say more
Shivam Dadwal
Beautiful architecture. Must be saved from getting ruined.
Babloo
This looks like a Hindu Temple
Sohil Khan
Hindus are the first people who ever lived in this region. 90% of current Pakistani Muslims's forefathers are Hindus
Get out of your hindu nationalism. You guys are really a threat to peace on the sub-continent! If you think so badly about Pakistanis then stop surfing on their fora and leave them alone!!


Pet peeves and things that my you go Hmm?
Discussion in 'SHH Community Forum' started by deemar325, Apr 7, 2006.
Is it the guy who chews with his mouth open?
Is it being stuck in traffic?
What makes you say Hmm?
Tom Cruises odd behavior and rumors about him being gay?
Wacko Jacko and his affinity for children?
Vent and do not relent!!
^ Wow you hate everybody.
I hate it when my wife is on the toilet and wants to talk while she's crapping.
I love her, but come on!
people who talk on their cell phones around other people non-stop like at the store, in a check out line, on a bus, etc.
Just about. I lead a tragic life.
That drives me crazy with the cell phones.
when someone decides it would be a good idea to make a pet peeve thread every three months or so.
That's like my top ten.
I think that all men have wives that talk to them while on the crapper. So at least you know we're all suffering with you.
Also, I can't stand people who try to correct me for stupid things like spelling. Especially on something as informal as the hype.
I'm glad I'm not alone with the wife on the crapper deal.
I have two red lights between my house and work. Everytime (99 out of a hundred easily) they will both turn red when I approach.
^ I hate teenage and elderly drivers.
What's really funny is that for some reason, all the important topics enter their heads when their on the crapper. It's like, all the ideas for important life matters come out of them as well. Sorry for the detail. but pretty funny.
It could be that woman bodily functions also gross women out and their trying desperately to distract themselves and if they have to suffer, than you have to suffer.
I suggest whipping it out for them, because they do have a few free minutes.
How about the trick where she's out of tp and she asks you to grab her a roll, then she want's to start up a convo while she wiping.
*fingers in ear* la la la la la la. I don't know what you're talking about. those are blocked images.
But once again about the crapper thing. Does your woman try to come in on you when your in the bathroom. I dont like that at all.


Sakya Monastery was built In 1073 by Khon Konchok Gyalpo who established the Sakya Tradition in Tibet. We will recycle the things we use: paper, cans, plastic containers, bottles, glass jars, and newspapers. The dorje is often used in a Tibetan Buddhist ritual, where it is twirled in order to bring in truth. Rating is available when the video has been rented. To be long-suffering and meek, to associate with the priests of Buddha, to hold religious discourse at due seasons, this is the greatest blessing. 9.
Indeed, it is doubtful even whether he had then been born. 1 Nagarjuna claimed and secured orthodoxy for the Mahayana doctrine by producing an apocalyptic treatise which he attributed to Sakya Muni, entitled the J^-djud-pdramitd, or " the means of arriving at the other side of wisdom," a treatise Which he alleged the Buddha had himself composed, and had hid away in the custody of the Nfiga demigods until men were sufficiently enlight- ened to comprehend so ab- struse a system.
This method has been compared with that of Wittgenstein (at least the Wittgenstein of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus) and the Skeptics of ancient Greece. Ra-rgyab, in the south-east outskirts of Lhasa city. 2. The Buddhism in this novel's Tibet is heavily mixed with Chinese Taoism more than Lamaism or Hinduism. They are encircled by icy mountains (see plate, page 109), and have attendants of appalling aspect, as in the hot hells. While Padmasambhava focused on Esoteric Buddhism and become the founder of the Nyingma sect of Tibetan Buddhism.
Karmashar (mon.), 272, 477; (oracle), 481. Essentially, we are called upon to simply be there maintaining a consciousness of unconditional loving -- free of attachments. On the twenty-sixth day are horse-racing and shooting, and on the twenty-seventh a grand review of the troops by the Chinese Amban, and the procession of the holy sceptre from the Serra monastery for solemn salutation by the Dalai Lama, the officials, and people, as already mentioned. In The Life of Shabkar, the Autobiography of a Tibetan Yogin, he wrote: �Eating meat, at the cost of great suffering for animals, is unacceptable.
But co-opting religious leaders, and then expecting them to be predictably docile, never entirely succeeds, or at least cannot succeed indefinitely. The book I happened to pick up was a Penguin paperback called, simply, Buddhism, written by an English high court justice named Christmas Humphries. The Dragon 3 seems to perpetuate the tradition of primaeval flying saurian s of geologic times, now known only through their fossilized remains. Please see our "About" page for more information.
In 1995 China rejected the boy who was confirmed by the Dalai Lama as the new Panchen Lama and forced the selection of a different boy, and in Jan., 2000, the head lama of the Karmapa order fled Tibet for India. Thang-lha with its spirit " Kiting " is a northern guardian of Sikhim), mDsod-lna, Lha-ch'en and sMan-bstiin — Local and mountain deities. (7) bsKah bs'ag^t, ts'ogs and Tas'i-smon-lam. For more details, check www.norbulingka.org 6.
We beg You to give us good understanding. On this miracle getting noised abroad, a rich merchant set out for Lhasa, arguing that if the Lord appeared to a poor woman who presented only one tiny lamp, he wuuld certainly appear to the donor of a host. 80 he offered many thousands of lamps with tons of butter, but the idol remained impassive and irresponsive. A date of the Ford Tara to sometime after the mid-12th century would be further supported by the only other closely related painting – in iconography, style, and size (120x80 cm!) – to exist: a thangka of the threeheaded and eight-armed Aíåabhuja æyâma Tara (according to the system of Atisha) of excellent quality, however in problematic condition, which I have seen at Reding (!) monastery in 1990 and 2001 and whose various stylistic characteristics point out rather clearly to the second half of the 12th century (see for a full-page colour repro32 duction: Xizang Yishu.
After this, the tradition declined in importance. Bell, The Religion of Tibet (1931, repr. 1987); I. Also, when we try to cultivate divine pride or the sense of identity as a divine being in the practice of deity yoga, we try to overcome the feeling and perception of an ordinariness. He wrote, �What land there is, is suitable for regular cultivation and produces of fruits. Yantra: The Tantric Symbol of Cosmic Unity. 12.html) 4. ^ www.
Lay pioneers gathered small groups on such occasions, and some of the members were converted. Is this so far the only known reign mark of the Hongwu emperor on a Tibetan Buddhist work of art? 68. which was shown in the exhibition "The Dalai Lamas" in the World Museum. This made Koke-Khota the first centre of Buddhism in Mongolia. Tibetan masters call this dreamtime the bardo, or intermediate stage. Then "Happiness" is reached — this goal is the sensuous happiness of the Jina's Paradise or of Sukhavati, that of Amitabha, the Buddha of Infinite Light.
Each has their own practice and mantra to help eliminate poverty and create financial stability, The five Zambhalas wealth deities are to guide sentient beings along the path to enlightenment. The females, as in the annexed figure, 3 except for their full breasts and the absence of beards, do not differ in appearance from the males. Image by Saad Faruque / CC BY 2.0 Behind the whitewashed walls of every Tibetan Buddhist monastery lurks a hidden world of golden sculptures and rainbow-coloured murals.


Strictly recently posted on recycling.
I thought about this, as I put my recycling pile "out"
The Council green bins take garden stuff that doesn't go into compost (branches, weeds, grass cutting - if there are too many), grey cardboard and other cardboard if it is flattened.
Then there is the plastic that can go in the local plastic recycling bank, the plastics that have to go to a special bank at our nearest disposal site, and the tetra paks for the local bank.
and not forgetting the semi buried leaf moulder!
I am lucky, I have plenty of room to allow me to do all this. Would I do it if I lived in a highrise block? NO I WOULD NOT! It's no wonder the landfills are filling so fast - it needs to be easier than this.
I totally agree - though our recycling has just become much easier, just like ModernMom. I put all types of paper, card, plastic bottles, tins, glass and even tetrapaks into our blue lid bin. The left over food goes into the green bin along with grass and garden cuttings.
Both are collected on every 2nd Friday. Then the other Friday is the normal black bin, which we rarely fill now.
Plus charity shops clothing pile, plus books pile that I generally have to take TO the charity shops as they don't collect them. I don't ebay much, though I should.
It does need to be easier, we have all the separate bins and baskets too, however I can't compost our kitchen waste as the compster is full!
We have limited collections - paper (no shinies or cardboard), glass bottles and jars, cans and plastic bottles (no other plastic). No cardboard, no tetra paks, no magazines or glossy flyers or telephone directories. And we don't drive, so can't take the other things down to the recycling places. Our area is going to run out of landfill in, I believe, two years at the current rate (so many people don't bother even with the stuff they collect, it shocks me) and they want to know what to do. These blue bins people have mentioned sound brilliant! Just collecting a bit more would be a start.
Sounds like a lot of work. In the city I lived in before moving out to a rural area, we had a great recycling program. We had a blue large can that we filled with all recycling except glass. That had to be taken in on it's own. I guess too many worker being cut by broken glass. We had a large black can that was collected once a week for the normal trash. Things we couldn't recycle or compost like diapers and such. I wish we had that in my new city, but considering this city is only 10 years old, many things are still in the process.
I do have a question, what is a leaf moulder? I've never heard of it.
Hi Nicol, collect your dead leaves, keep them in a plastic bag or similar over the winter and they turn into something ready straight away for putting back onto the garden rather than filling the compost with them. I'm going to get a "GreenCone" for food scraps I can't currently compost because it needs more heat. Like meat (chicken carcasses - yes I know I should be superwoman and make my own stock -but I don't!), meal left overs that don't get frozen - although we don't waste much - we enjoy our food!
We seem to have a wealth of different bins too. I love you sally army pile, I have a similar one for my kids school collections which come around every so often. I also have a "junk modelling" area as my Y1 class love this activity as part of Friday golden time. All in all I seem to have little recycling piles all over the house.
Love the profile pic. My d#1 has just started Rainbows and she's LOVING it!


139 customers have given this product a 5-star rating.
98 customers have given this product a 4-star rating.
I bought the MK012 matched pair (cardoid) to record my grand piano. Using the Rode stereo bar with them. The Oktava's are very small and light, easy to setup.
About the sound: they create a warm and detailed sound. I think you cannot describe them as neutral, but they sound very nice, not hyped, I like the sonic character.
I will keep these, since I like the particular sonic quality and they compliment very well my matched pair of Rode NT-1A LDC. They make my grand piano sound vibrant and alive.
Perhaps for my next pair of SDC I will buy the SE8, because this seems to be very high quality, and neutral sounding (for recording my acoustic guitar). And would again nicely complement the Oktavas.
The best performance by far, at this price! Superb.
I have a few Oktava MK012 already, some of which I've bought secondhand. Recently, I've gone over to using small diaphragm condenser mics on saxophones in a live situation (as opposed to "traditional" SM57) and needed some more.
I bought a pair of MK012 in black, that look and feel beautiful, and come in a little wooden box. The sound though remains fantastic - smooth and detailed with a slight HF lift to add a little "air". Mids are totally natural and uncoloured, and the bass is warm and uncharactistically full for a small diaphragm mic. Many lower cost condersers have a harsh "spitty" quality to the treble whcih cannot easily be corrected with eq. These certainly don't have that problem, which is whay they have been favourably compared to the likes of Neumann and Shoeps which thoough probably better still, cost a great deal more.
The clip works well and is all metal, and the fit and finish is better on this recent pair than the ones I've had for years. Oktava's manufacturing has obviously.improved and this is really pleasing.
In summary, they're perfect mics for saxes, drum overheads, trumpets and acoustic guitar in a live situation. I've also used them as main ORTF pair for recording choirs.
ID: 218324 © 1996–2019 Thomann GmbH Thomann loves you, because you rock!


Anthropological literature from Florida is awash with statements that presume the coastal peoples of Georgia and South Carolina were primarily fishermen, hunters and gatherers. This may have been the case for many ethnic groups in the coastal regions of the Florida Peninsula, but was not true for many areas of the Georgia and South Carolina coast.
The primary reason listed by René Goulaine de Laudonniére for not placing a French colony on the coast of the Florida Peninsula was that the soil was infertile and the climate, hot. On the first voyage he had noticed that the coast was sparsely inhabited south of the May River, while from the river's mouth, northward to the Jordan River (Savannah River?) he observed intensive cultivation of the land. The first French colonies would have to be located in a region where they could initially buy surplus food from their indigenous neighbors then be able to feed themselves from their own agriculture.
Less de Laudonniére's observations being assessed as the unfounded interpretation of the landscape by a mariner, the experience of Spanish St. Augustine can be used as added proof. The mission Indians and Spanish peons around St. Augustine were never able to feed the relative small population of St. Augustine. Former FSU history professor, Theodore Corbitt, estimated that in 1740 St. Augustine had a population of 2,143 persons. During the 1600s, its population probably ranged between 1,200 and 1,600. The small town was totally dependent on food stuffs imported from the missions near the Altamaha River's mouth, and to a lesser extent, the Apalachee missions in the Florida Panhandle.
During May of 1565, the garrison at Fort Caroline faced starvation because they did not know how to fish or catch crabs. They were told that in the "high country" about 50 leagues (125 miles) up the May River, corn was grown in a large scale, and was becoming ripe. De Laudonniére traveled up the river to purchase some corn, but did not provide any descriptions of the fields.


Antioch, CA dentists at East Bay Dental rely on root canal therapy in order to save and repair a tooth that has been infected due to a deep cavity or cracked tooth. Since a tooth's pulp and nerve are not important to a tooth's health and function, the procedure involves removing the pulp and the nerves of the tooth to better clean the infected area. If a necessary root canal treatment is delayed, bacteria can build up at the root tip and the infected pulp can spread to the surrounding bone causing pain and swelling. In the most extreme cases, an extraction is necessary.
Root canal treatment begins with an opening made into the pulp chamber through the crown of the tooth. The pulp is then removed through the opening and the root canal is thoroughly cleaned. The procedure is either completed in one or two separate visits. At this point, if the procedure will be completed at a second visit, your Antioch dentist will use a temporary filling to protect the tooth. Upon your return, the temporary filling will be replaced by a permanent filling or crown over the tooth.
The good news is that root canal therapy has a fairly large success rate for saving many teeth that will last a lifetime. The crown or filling placed during the final steps of the procedure makes it hard to notice that you've even had a root canal treatment.


Well I'm hear with some good news! Eating healthy doesn't have to be an all day in the kitchen kind of thing. A lot of us work full time, or have mommy duties all day, I mean who has time to cook these days? Well you DO! Let me share a few of my tips for cooking healthy, quick, and efficiently. Don't get caught up and overwhelmed with people posting about making exotic beautiful meals from scratch everyday, thats not reality, thats social media.
Tip #1: Invest in a Crockpot.
If you don't currently own a crockpot, I highly recommend you get one. This will save you time in all sorts of ways. I have so many recipes that I can just throw into the crockpot, turn it on, set the timer, and walk out the door, coming home to an amazing smelling house and dinner all ready to go. It gives you the convenience of going about your day without having to watch the oven or stove. Also, you'll always have left overs, which will save you time throughout the week. Bonus, you'll spend less time doing dishes! One pot meals are amazing.
Find 5-6 healthy dinner recipes you want on the menu for the week, allowing for a night out on the weekend (if you want help with this part reply to this post and I'll hook you up with all sorts of good recipes). Plan so that the first couple of nights you make a crockpot meal, a soup, or something with lots of leftovers that you can utilize throughout the week for lunches or breakfast. For example, this week I made a big batch of Lentil Soup Monday night, and Tuesday night I made shredded pork in the crockpot. Both were large batches that I've been using for lunches, eliminating extra time in the kitchen for sure.
Thank goodness for Trader Joe's and awesome ingredients! Ok Trader Joe's isn't the only place you can find pre-prepped ingredients, but I've just found a lot of my favorites here. Don't think you have to do everything from scratch. Take advantage of swift time savers such as pre-riced cauliflower (its a mess to do it on your own!), sliced jicama, or pre-cubed and peeled butternut squash, or awesome low-sugar sauces (enchilada sauce & curry sauce from Trader Joe's are awesome for crockpot meat recipes) that add flavor to any meal. I'll be posting a lot of these products in my Friday Favorites post this Friday so stay tuned! Still go for whole, unprocessed ingredients, but take advantage of a little pre-prepped help.
When you're making a meal, always think about what you can do to save you time later on. If you're making a salad, get out a few tupperware containers while you're at it and just make multiple salads in one setting, packed and ready to enjoy that week. If you're slicing vegetables for dinner, slice more and put them in baggies for a healthy snack while you're at it. If you're boiling water, get some eggs out and hard boil a few for the week. If you're making rice or quinoa, double the batch and put what you don't eat in the fridge. This will become second nature with experience and practice.
This tip is geared towards having success with a 20-30 minute meal. I start by getting all of my ingredients out that I will be using for the meal and figuring out what part of the meal is going to take the longest to cook or bake and I get that going first. So if I'm having sweet potatoes with my meal, I'll get those in the oven first thing, then I prep everything else while those are baking. Or if I'm having fish, I'll prep that, get it in the oven, then in those 15-20 minutes of bake time I make my salad or veggies, and then everything is done at once!
Wednesday Wisdom: Got a case of Constipation?
1. fiber PLUS water: We've all heard that fiber helps us poop right? Which is true, but the second and very important part to this point is that if you are increasing your fiber intake, you need to increase your water intake as well. Fiber increases the bulk of your stool so it can move along on its merry way, but water is crucial for it to move. So remember, if your increasing fiber, make sure your getting enough water as well.
• Aloe Vera - Aloe vera latex also has anti-inflammatory components that reduce swelling and and improve function of the digestive organs. It also actually helps increase the water content in your intestines.
• Probiotics - or "good bacteria" in your gut that makes your body able to balance various types of "bad bacteria." They help create a healthy environment in your gut. Probiotic foods include things like kefir, kombucha, sauerkraut, kimchi and probiotic yogurt. If you can, try to buy dairy products that are organic, as they are easier on digestion, such as goat milk products, organic kefir, raw dairy products or dairy that doesn't contain A1 casein. It's possible that low-quality pasteurized/homogenized dairy, or too much dairy in general (especially if someone has symptoms of lactose intolerance), can cause inflammation and contribute to digestive dysfunction.
Well there you have it! Here's to healthy and regular bowel systems, Cheers!
1) Start your day right. A big contributor to hunger throughout the day is what we have for breakfast. Make sure you have some protein and some healthy fat in your breakfast so that you have something for your body to burn throughout the day. (check out more awesome breakfast recipes in my Sculpted for Summer program here).
2) Be prepared. Always have a healthy snack easy access for that time of day. It takes a little prep and planning in advanced, but it will be a game changer for you. If you know you are going to be out and about, pack something in your purse. Or if you are home, stock your fridge with go to healthy snacks. Some of my favorites are dry roasted nuts, peanut butter and an apple, String cheese, veggies and hummus. There are a ton of more ideas in my meal plans hear.
3) Remove the Junk. When hunger and cravings strike, our sub conscience tells us to reach for the easiest, closest thing. If we leave junk food and treats out on the counter, that's what we're going to reach for! Throw out the candy bowls and the cupcake stand. Instead, chop up a veggie tray with a homemade dip ready to go in your fridge, or have a bowl of fruit on the counter to suggest a healthy snack.
Don't think you have to persevere through 5 hours of hunger until dinner, you should listen to your body and have a snack. The important part is to make it a good snack and to be prepared! Now that Crave Zone doesn't stand a chance against your combatting skills.


text:
Schönengrund is a municipality in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden in Switzerland.

Geography

Schönengrund has an area, , of .  Of this area, 65.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 30.1% is forested.  The rest of the land, (4.4%) is settled.

Demographics
Schönengrund has a population () of 488, of which about 3.4% are foreign nationals.  Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -0.6%.  Most of the population () speaks German  (97.8%), with Serbo-Croatian being second most common ( 0.9%) and Spanish being third ( 0.4%).

, the gender distribution of the population was 50.8% male and 49.2% female.  The age distribution, , in Schönengrund is; 45 people or 9.8% of the population are between 0–6 years old.  73 people or 15.9% are 6-15, and 23 people or 5.0% are 16-19.  Of the adult population, 21 people or 4.6% of the population are between 20–24 years old.  130 people or 28.3% are 25-44, and 108 people or 23.5% are 45-64.  The senior population distribution is 46 people or 10.0% of the population are between 65–79 years old, and  13 people or 2.8% are over 80.

In the 2007 federal election the FDP received 77.9% of the vote.

In Schönengrund about 70.1% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).

Schönengrund has an unemployment rate of 1.35%.  , there were 57 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 28 businesses involved in this sector.  20 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 7 businesses in this sector.  49 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 17 businesses in this sector.

The historical population is given in the following table:

Tourism
Schönengrund attracts tourists both during the winter and summer. During winter downhill skiing, snowboarding and cross-country skiing are offered. During the summer, hiking attracts tourists.

References

External links
 Official Page

Municipalities of Appenzell Ausserrhoden

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Age is Just a Number: Overcoming Adversity with Vivien Bower
Posted on April 8, 2019 August 14, 2019 by axissportsmedicine
Vivien Bower, a long time client of Axis Sports Medicine, is a huge inspiration to us here at Axis Sports Medicine. Like many in Summit County, Vivien grew up on the East Coast, in New Jersey. As a lifelong skier, the mountains of Colorado always had a special allure for her. In 2001, Vivien and her husband took a leave of absence from their jobs and spent 6 weeks exploring Summit County, which got her hooked on #mountainlife. They returned frequently, and were overjoyed to become part-time residents in Silverthorne in 2006. They finally moved out to Colorado full-time in 2018. Of course, living at 9,000 ft hasn't gotten easier as Vivien has aged, and she now sleeps with oxygen at night. But, Vivien has never let her age slow her down. She has been an active person her whole life and can usually be found outside, because she "hates being cooped up indoors." At 77, she walks or hikes every day, even when it's icy and cold out. She's an avid downhill and nordic skier as well, and loves skiing the popular Salt Lick trail, near Wildernest.
With her active lifestyle, Vivien has had her share of injuries. She's been seeing Ami and the physical therapy team at Axis since we opened in 2012. In fact, Vivien followed Ami from another practice to Axis. Vivien claims she's "kept Axis in business" over the years, receiving care for knee and shoulder injuries, 3 back surgeries, and she even took her husband to Axis for physical therapy after a hip replacement. She's always felt the therapists at Axis are the best out there. (We agree!) We encourage her to get out and keep doing what she loves to do and they provide a very personal experience for her. She even brings her dog by to say hello on their walks!
While Vivien has overcome injuries in the past, she faced her biggest recovery just last year. On February 2nd, 2018, she was downhill skiing in bad snow conditions. According to Vivien, "I was probably going a little too fast and I caught an edge. Down I went." The snow was hard-packed like cement that day, and the fall was serious. Ski patrol brought her to the medical center in a sled, and discovered she had multiple fractures, including her pelvis and sacrum, as well as substantial internal bleeding. A few days after the fall, sciatica nerve pain kicked in, which is extremely painful. She had to have surgery, to remove metal hardware from an earlier back injury, just so she could have an MRI after the fall! The MRI revealed more fractures and the cause of the sciatica pain. After the accident, Vivien was off her feet for 3 months and faced major full-body rehab. As Vivien says, "When you injure yourself when you're older, you are also older when you recover and restart activity." She knew she faced a long and challenging road to recovery. While she decided she was done with downhill skiing after her injury, she still wanted to be able to cross-country ski.
Vivien had participated in the annual Summit County 50+ Winter Games, way back in 2004. Back then, she felt like the events were too competitive and she felt too nervous to have much fun. She decided volunteering would be more fun for her, so she volunteered at the event off and on over the years, enjoying the atmosphere and camaraderie. Then in 2017, she decided to give the nordic ski events, including the biathlon, another try, just to join in and have fun. She overcame her nerves and loved it the second time around!
After her big skiing accident, Vivien was on a slow road to recovery, with the help of the physical therapy staff at Axis, in Silverthorne. She worked hard at her recovery and was feeling stronger by the time winter rolled around. She told her physical therapy team that she wanted to compete again in the 50+ Winter Games in February, thinking they would tell her "no." Of course, her therapists were, in fact, thrilled and supportive and worked to help her get ready for the nordic events. Vivien entered the 2.5k classic race, the biathlon, and the always-popular snowball toss. The first race was the 2.5k classic ski, and Vivien recounts, "It was a little bit of a competitive atmosphere, but I made it to the end! I started out too fast, so was out of breath and I had to stop in my tracks for a moment. When I restarted, I followed someone ahead of me who went the wrong way. It ended up being a shortcut and I was disqualified." But Vivien didn't let a bad first event get to her! Not one to be deterred, Vivien went to her next event and did much better. She says, "The biathlon was fun. It's a shorter distance and they show you how to shoot the gun. You get four shots at a target, and you know when you hit it because you hear the ping! I had shot rifles two years ago when I competed in biathlon, but otherwise hadn't shot a rifle since I was 13." Well Vivien had an amazing performance and claimed not one, but TWO silver medals, in the biathlon and the snowball toss. Vivien is, of course, very modest and says "Well, there was only one other person in my age group, so the whole thing is silly," but in reality, there's not a whole lot of 77-year old ladies who are even capable of getting out and competing in nordic ski races! There's even fewer 77-year old ladies who would compete exactly one year after a horrific accident left her bedridden. The fact that she was even out there competing was amazing in itself and we are so happy for her success and tenacity!
Vivien says she is most proud of "just getting out and doing it. I felt so out of shape, but I knew why. It takes a long time to get back in shape when you are stuck in bed for months. When you are injured that happens. You are never 100% the same as before the injury, but you CAN still do what you want to do." When we asked what advice she would give to others who are thinking about participating in next year's 50+ Winter Games, Vivien said, "The more people who do it, the more fun it is! Do it!" What an inspiration to all of us. She is still working on her accident recovery with Axis, but she looks forward to competing in the games again next winter, and feeling stronger this time. We can't wait to watch her get out there again next year and #kickaxis.
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One thought on "Age is Just a Number: Overcoming Adversity with Vivien Bower"
Len says:
Absolutely fantastic and inspiring. What a comeback. Keep going!!!


text:
Территория Индонезии располагается в трёх часовых поясах: Западное Индонезийское время (WIB) UTC+7, Центральное Индонезийское время (WITA) UTC+8 и Восточное Индонезийское время (WIT) UTC+9. На летнее время Индонезия не переходит.

Часовой пояс UTC+7
 Ява (вся)
 Джакарта
 Джокьякарта
 Бантен
 Восточная Ява
 Западная Ява
 Центральная Ява
 Суматра (вся)
 Ачех
 Банка-Белитунг
 Бенкулу
 Джамби
 Лампунг
 Риау
 Острова Риау
 Западная Суматра
 Северная Суматра
 Южная Суматра
 Калимантан (западная и юго-западная части):
 Западный Калимантан
 Центральный Калимантан

Часовой пояс UTC+8
 Калимантан (часть):
 Восточный Калимантан
 Южный Калимантан
 Сулавеси (весь):
 Западное Сулавеси
 Северное Сулавеси
 Центральное Сулавеси
 Южное Сулавеси
 Юго-Восточное Сулавеси
 Горонтало
 Малые Зондские острова (все):
 Бали
 Западные Малые Зондские острова
 Восточные Малые Зондские острова

Часовой пояс UTC+9
 Папуа
 Западное Папуа
 Малуку
 Северное Малуку

География Индонезии
Индонезия


text:
See how your town fares in the governor's proposed budget
Increase in ECS grant offset by cuts to other programs
by Kathleen Megan and Jacqueline Rabe Thomas
Forty-five municipalities stand to gain more money from the state's primary education grant next year if provisions of the governor's proposed budget are adopted by the General Assembly – however, several smaller grants are slated to be eliminated or reduced.
Impoverished communities stand to gain the most while wealthier towns, generally speaking, would lose the most through a redistribution of the state's primary funding source to local school districts, the Education Cost Sharing ESC) grant.
The ECS grant accounts for two-thirds of all state aid municipalities receive each year.
Waterbury would reap the largest dollar amount,with a $6.4 million, or 5 percent, boost. Colchester stands to lose the most, with a $1.1 million, or 8.5 percent cut.
Overall, state ECS aid would increase by $17.6 million in the fiscal year that begins July 1 – which is a nearly 1 percent increase.
However, that increase is somewhat offset by a series of cuts to other education programs that assist local districts; including eliminating funding for a program that helps New Haven students with homework after school and a program that helps high school students prepare for college placement exams.
Cuts to regional magnet schools and a program where the state pays for city youth to attend suburban schools – the state's primary approach to comply with the Supreme Court's order to desegregate Hartford schools – also could impact local school districts. Numerous local school districts operate magnet schools and rely on grants from the Open Choice program.
Lamont's budget would cut magnet school funding by $28 million, a 9 percent decrease, and Open Choice by $12 million, a 31 percent decrease. However, a new line item to cover transportation costs offsets some of these cuts, but not all, as the state aims to reduce travel costs through new bus routes.
"Under our budget proposal, we are maintaining our commitment to education," said Gov. Ned Lamont, a Democrat, said during his budget address before the General Assembly.
The changes the governor seeks to make to the ECS grant are largely based on a bi-partisan formula agreed upon in 2017, with some tweaks to scale back the nearly $40 million the previous legislature promised to increase in aid in 2020.
His tweaks include reducing aid to some municipalities slightly more aggressively and attempting to better count how many students are in poverty, thus identify the districts that should get more education aid to accommodate their greater needs.
The governor's plan would change the way the state counts low-income students. Instead of using the number of students in the free- or reduced-price meals program, the number enrolled in Medicaid, food stamps or cash welfare program would become the measure of student poverty. Doing so has prompted fears that it would lead to a reduced number of students deemed low-income, because to qualify for free or reduced-priced school meals a family can earn no more than 185 percent of the federal poverty level compared to 201 percent for Medicaid.
Measuring poverty has become a hot issue. As schools move to universal feeding programs, free-lunch counts have become nearly irrelevant.
The legislature's nonpartisan Office of Fiscal Analysis estimates shifting to this new approach to counting how many students are from low-income homes would reduce the number of students being deemed low income – and thus their district getting more aid for them – by 26,053 students next school year.
A review by the Connecticut School Finance Project, however, has the number essentially flat statewide, but change district-by-district varies. For example, in Hartford, 1,682 fewer students would be deemed poor while Bristol would have 294 students considered poor.
Moving to this new approach also comes with problems because counting children who are from families who are undocumented immigrants and don't qualify for the public programs, or are from families who work part-time but receive health care can be difficult. Read about that here.
Other municipal aid
The remaining grants to municipalities are flat funded.
The governor is also proposing that towns pick up a portion of the cost of providing current public school teachers with pensions when they retire. The state currently picks up that entire bill.
It would cost $24 million for municipalities in the first year, and $49 million the following year.
Correction: The town-by-town figures first provided by the governor's budget office to the media for the teacher retirement charges to municipalities were incorrect. The graphic has been updated in this story to reflect accurately what Lamont is proposing
Kathleen Megan Kathleen Megan wrote for more than three decades for the Hartford Courant, covering education in recent years and winning many regional and national awards. She is now covering education and child welfare issues for the Mirror.
Jacqueline Rabe Thomas Jacqueline won two first prizes from the Education Writers Association for her work in 2012 – one in beat reporting for her overall education coverage, and the other in investigative reporting on a series of stories revealing questionable monetary and personnel actions taken by the Board of Regents for Higher Education. In 2016, she was a finalist in the EWA competition for single-topic coverage for her reporting on how schools are funded in Connecticut. Before coming to The Mirror, Jacqueline was a reporter, online editor and website developer for Southern Maryland Newspapers. She has also worked for Congressional Quarterly and the Toledo Free Press. Jacqueline received an undergraduate degree in journalism from Bowling Green State University and a master's in public policy from Trinity College. She and her husband, two sons and two dogs live in Hartford.
Facing deficits, UConn makes pitch for more state funding by showing its value
The cost of providing retired employees with their benefits is landing heavily on students and research faculty at Connecticut's public universities.
State settles school desegregation case
The agreement in the Sheff vs. O'Neill case dedicates 600 of the 1,000 new magnet school seats to children who attend segregated Hartford schools.
Best of 2019: Elections bring new focus on college debt, which burdens CT students more than others
What to do about the huge amount of college debt that is burdening young Americans is emerging as a significant issue in the 2020 elections.


The program will be funded with cash contributed by the manufacturer and a government loan to pay for repairs covered by the manufacturer's warranty.
The government said on Marh 30 that it is guaranteeing the warranties of new vehicles bought from General Motors and Chrysler in a bid to boost consumer confidence and auto sales.
The Treasury Department said it had taken the temporary step to allay consumer worries about buying new cars from the two nearly bankrupt manufacturers that are on government life support. The new plan addresses fears that the new car warranties would be worthless if the companies collapse.
The program is designed "to give consumers who are considering new car purchases the confidence that even in this difficult economic period, their warranties will be honored," the Treasury said. "This program is part of the administration's broader program to stabilize the auto industry and stand behind a restructuring effort that will result in stronger, more competitive and viable American car companies."
Both GM and Chrysler have agreed to participate in the program, which will be in effect during the period in which they are restructuring, the Treasury said.
The Treasury's warranty program will be funded with cash contributed by the manufacturer and a government loan to pay for repairs covered by the manufacturer's warranty.


text:
Premier Christy Clark speaks to BC Liberal Party convention in Vancouver
BC Liberal donations top $13 million
Elections BC reports 2016 fundraising totals as parties head into election campaign
Apr. 5, 2017 9:00 a.m.
The BC Liberal Party collected $13,129,390 in donations in 2016, more than twice the total for the BC NDP, according to financial statements released Wednesday by Elections BC.
The NDP collected $6,212,605, while the BC Green Party reported $757,269 for 2016.
The Greens stopped accepting corporate and union donations last year, and their final total for the year was less than $5,000 in corporate donations and $200 from a union.
The BC Liberals reported several six-figure donations, including $200,000 contributions from 2300 Kingsway Residences and John Redekop Construction. The biggest donation for the BC NDP was $250,000 from the United Steelworkers.
Donations promise to be a hot issue going into the campaign for the May 9 provincial election. The BC Liberals started reporting their donations regularly in January, rather than wait for Elections BC to file reports after the election. The NDP didn't follow suit, and has vowed to put an end to corporate and union donations if it forms a government, allowing only limited donations from individuals and considering public subsidy for political parties.
The RCMP are reviewing B.C. political donations to all parties after reports of lobbyists paying for tickets to fundraising events and then being reimbursed by clients, a potential violation of the Election Act.
The BC Liberal Party announced in March it was returning nearly $93,000 in donations that were made by 43 individuals, and the BC NDP has also returned two donations from 2015 worth about $10,000.
Elections BC has posted a searchable database of its reported donations on its website.
Gitga'at won't oppose Pacific NorthWest LNG, sign deal with province
Heiltsuk blast government for 'failures' in immediate Nathan E. Stewart response


text:
Q: redis failed to create socket Faced a problem with redis connection. Host and port configured, redis container in docker worked fine and I have no idea why this exception occured.
How I run this test:
run docker container with redis -> get into redis cli and do "redis-server"
cli screenshot:

after what I run a test.
P.S. redis worked fine in console
redis console:

test
@SpringBootTest
class MessengerApplicationTests {

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        Jedis jedis = new Jedis();

        System.out.println(jedis.keys("*"));
    }

}

exception
Failed to create socket.
    redis.clients.jedis.exceptions.JedisConnectionException: Failed to create socket.
        at app//redis.clients.jedis.DefaultJedisSocketFactory.createSocket(DefaultJedisSocketFactory.java:110)
        at app//redis.clients.jedis.Connection.connect(Connection.java:226)
        at app//redis.clients.jedis.BinaryClient.connect(BinaryClient.java:140)
        at app//redis.clients.jedis.Connection.sendCommand(Connection.java:163)
        at app//redis.clients.jedis.BinaryClient.keys(BinaryClient.java:248)
        at app//redis.clients.jedis.Client.keys(Client.java:130)
        at app//redis.clients.jedis.Jedis.keys(Jedis.java:380)
        at app//com.microservice.messenger.MessengerApplicationTests.contextLoads(MessengerApplicationTests.java:22)
        at java.base@16.0.1/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base@16.0.1/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:78)
        at java.base@16.0.1/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base@16.0.1/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
        at app//org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:725)
        at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)

application.yml
server:
  port: ${SERVER_PORT:3031}

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reg_auth_db
    username: postgres
    password: postgres

  flyway:
    url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reg_auth_db
    user: postgres
    password: postgres

  rabbitmq:
      password: guest
      username: guest
      port: 15672
  redis:
    port: 6379
    host: localhost

A: I was using wrong port because I had an enterprise edition which had three different ports


Our school programs are designed to help teachers infuse culturally relevant content into their classrooms. We support both public schools looking to provide a well-rounded and inclusive learning experience, and First Nations schools who are looking to reflect their local language and culture as part of their curriculum.
Ask us about a pilot program for your school.
Our language programs support Nations who are looking to preserve and revitalize their languages. Many Indigenous languages are at risk of disappearing as the population of fluent speakers ages. Our programs help communities create engaging digital language resources that can be used for generations to come. We offer support with language recording, resource scripting and storyboarding, production, and mobilization.
We support the creation of your materials. Everything we create together is yours to keep and use as you wish, with no ongoing cost.
Ask us about how we can help you preserve and digitize your language resources.
Our digitization programs support schools and communities that are looking to digitize existing materials. This can include photos, storybooks, maps, flashcards, historical documents, and more. We can work with you to assess your needs, suggest new ways of bringing these materials to life, and collaborate with you to transform your existing archives into digital formats.
We offer support with scanning, digitizing, recording, resource scripting, storyboarding, production, and resource mobilization.
Everything we create together is yours to keep and use as you wish, with no ongoing cost.
Ask us how we can support your digitization of existing materials.


text:
Graham Magisterial District is one of ten magisterial districts in Mason County, West Virginia, United States. The district was originally established as a civil township in 1863, and converted into a magisterial district in 1872.  In 2020, Graham District was home to 2,618 people.

Geography
Graham District is located on the western side of the Great Bend of the Ohio River, in the northern end of Mason County. It is bounded on the west by Waggener District, to the southwest by Robinson District, and to the south by Cooper District. Across the river to the southeast is Letart Township, and to the northeast Sutton Township, both in Meigs County, Ohio.

At just over twenty-six square miles, Graham District ranks eighth out of Mason County's ten magisterial districts in total area; the only districts smaller than Graham are Lewis and Waggener.  Much of Graham District is hilly, but there are fertile bottom lands along the Ohio, while the central and southern portions of the district consist of a plateau known as "Upper Flats" or "Dutch Flats", covered by a thin layer of soil consisting of white clay. Thin coal seams run throughout the county, and there are abundant salt deposits along the river.

The main streams are West Creek, which flows northeast and empties into the Ohio River at Graham Station; Little Broad Run, which flows northward and meets the Ohio just above New Haven; and Big Broad Run, or just Broad Run, which flows north and enters the Ohio at New Haven. Lesser streams include Seaman Run, which flows northeast and joins Broad Run just south of New Haven; Twomile Creek, which flows northeast and joins the Ohio above Graham Station; and Sliding Hill Creek, which flows northward into the Ohio at Hartford.

The only incorporated communities in Graham District are New Haven and Hartford, the western part of which lies in Waggener District. Unincorporated communities include Graham Station, Longdale, Vernon, Union, and White Church.  The only highway in the district is West Virginia Route 62, which roughly parallels the Ohio River, follows the course of Pike Street in Hartford and Fifth Street in New Haven, and is known locally as Graham Station Road above New Haven.

History

The land that would become Mason County, West Virginia was first surveyed in 1772 by a team led by George Washington. They surveyed a tract of 51,302 acres, just over eighty square miles, north of a line drawn between Letart Falls and the mouth of Threemile Creek on the Great Kanawha, including all of Graham District, all of Waggener, and most of Robinson and Lewis Districts. The land was patented to them on December 15, 1772, by Lord Dunmore, the royal governor of Virginia, on behalf of King George III. Most of Graham District consists of a 6,000-acre tract allocated to John West, occupying the east portion of the district, and the neighboring 6,000 acres allocated to John Polson, forming the center of the district. The segment of Graham District lying north of Robinson and running northward along the boundary with Waggener District consists of the eastern ends of tracts originally allocated to Andrew Waggener, George Muse, and Peter Hog, making up part of the balance of 4,736 acres out of Graham District's total of 16,736; the remainder consists of submerged land in the Ohio River, not included in the original survey, but reserved by Virginia when it ceded its claims to the Northwest Territory in 1784.

John Polson sold his 6,000-acre tract to William Graham, a Presbyterian minister from Richmond, who hoped to establish a settlement in western Virginia for himself and his followers. In 1798, Graham and several families that had agreed to join his colony traveled to what would soon become Mason County, clearing several acres of land, and building a small fort. The following year, Graham returned to Richmond on business, and there died of a fever. His followers abandoned the settlement, and returned east. The place where they settled became known as Graham Station. Graham's heirs sold the land at public auction, where it was purchased by John Roush of Shenandoah County on behalf of himself and his brothers, Jacob, Henry, Daniel, George, and Jonas, except for 150 acres that Graham had sold to Michael Siegrist before his death. The Roushes and their relatives settled on the land.

In 1820, Thomas Hoffman established a water-powered grist mill, the first in the district, on Broad Run; he built a sawmill on Broad Run the next year. The first steam-powered mill was built in 1836 by Michael Zirckel. Gideon Henkel, a nephew of Paul Henkel, established a Lutheran Church about 1820, to serve the heavily German settlers, many of whom had come from the Shenandoah Valley with his uncle, the Roushes, and the Zirckels. The community of White Church, on Upper Flats, was built around a Presbyterian church organized by Francis Dutton in 1834. Union was built around a United Brethren church built in 1850, although the congregation dates from 1836.

Hartford City was founded in 1853, on land originally granted to Andrew Waggener along the Ohio River, but subsequently attached to Graham District. A salt well was bored in 1855, and the same year saw the establishment of the district's first post office, at Hartford. The town was incorporated in 1863, and is thought to have been named after Hartford, Connecticut.  New Haven may have been established around the same time; supposedly it was called "New London" until 1856, when miners from Connecticut arrived to open the first coal mines, and renamed the village after their native town.

After West Virginia gained its independence from Virginia in 1863, the legislature enacted a law requiring the counties to be divided into civil townships. Mason County was divided into ten townships, each of which was named after a pioneer settler of Mason County. Graham Township, which like the other townships was converted into a magisterial district in 1872, was named after William Graham. It is the only Graham District in the state.  John West's name is remembered by West Creek—which flows northeast, on the eastern side of the county—the land originally allocated to West.

Notes

References

External links
County website

Magisterial districts in Mason County, West Virginia
Magisterial districts in West Virginia


Our dietitian provides individual nutrition counseling and support for chronic conditions and illnesses, and for everyone who wants to learn to eat better to live better.
Appointments are available Monday through Thursday, early morning through late afternoon. For more information, call 509-633-6373, or talk to your doctor. When referred by a physician, many insurance policies cover nutrition counseling provided by a registered dietitian.


A Howard Creek man was arrested last week on grand theft charges relating to the theft of equipment from his former employer.
Earl Davis Parker, 38, of Howard Creek was arrested for grant theft and was conditionally released after his first court appearance last week.
Gulf County Sheriff�s Office investigator Les Greenwood began an investigation into the theft of equipment from Hallmark Management, Inc., which manages apartment complexes in Wewahitchka and Port St. Joe.
Greenwood discovered that Parker had been terminated by Hallmark in February and had taken equipment valued at $597 home. Management requested he return the equipment, but Parker failed to do so and Greenwood found that he had pawned the equipment last year while employed with Hallmark.
A 9-1-1 call about a reckless driver led to the arrest of a Wewahitchka man on drug charges.
John Milton Guffey, 36, of Wewahitchka was arrested last week by Gulf County Sheriff�s Office deputies on charges of refusing to take a DUI chemical test and for possession of methamphetamine.
The GCSO received a 9-1-1 call about a reckless driver running several vehicles off State 22 near Wewahitchka.
As a deputy responded, a federal agent in an unmarked patrol vehicle witnessed the reckless driving incidents and initiated a traffic stop.
Deputy Ken Starnes arrived on the scene along with investigators and conducted a DUI check. Guffey refused to submit to an approved chemical test and a search found him in possession of methamphetamine.
Guffey was conditionally released after his first court appearance.


To determine whether or not you have the ingredients to be charismatic, answer the following questions: What are your real feelings about who you are? What do you believe in? Do you have goals or a mission in life? Do you project optimism? Do others turn to you for leadership? Non-charismatic people spend their lives auditioning for others and hoping they'll be accepted. Charismatic people don't doubt their ability to add value to a situation, so they move forward with their mission.
They are, of course, Nazis. They have a kind of Nazi attitude. They are the left wing of Nazism. These guys don't want any other point of view. They don't even feel guilty using tax dollars to spout their propaganda. They are basically Air America with government funding to keep them alive.
I want to see her legs.