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Low Income Housing | News, Programs, Government Agencies, and More
Directory and blog about low income housing programs, food stamps, and other social issues affecting poor Americans.
Low Income Housing News, Programs, Government Agencies, and More!
Find/ Apply For Housing
News/ Blog Help/ Resources FAQs
Lyft Commits $1.5 Million to Giving Free Rides to Low Income Families
Lyft, the popular ride-hailing company, is committed to helping people solve transportation issues. And now, they are extending an affordable transportation option to people from low income households. In fact, they recently pledged $1.5 million for a program called Relief Rides that will give free rides to low-income people.
"People need help beyond times of crisis," Lyft wrote in a blog post announcing its expansion of the Relief Rides program that initially allows people to ride for free during natural disasters or crises. "There are those with acute transportation needs every single day."
Lyft President John Zimmer said that the $1.5 million budget will be allocated for the free ride program that will benefit the low-income people and veterans who need transportation for trips to job interviews, doctor appointment, and the likes.
Though considered an underdog by some of its larger predecessors including Uber, Lyft has been gradually rising to the top. While Uber is being flocked by controversies lately, Lyft is gaining more riders and drivers.
Recently, Lyft added new cities in its routes and is now operating in all 50 states as well as Canada. Additionally, Lyft said that last year, the company serviced 375.5 million rides or 130 percent more than 2016.
Aiming to be of help to American citizens, Lyft has done other programs aside from the Relief Rides. For one, they have given free trips to the March for Our Lives protests against gun violence. They have also pledged multi-millions to absolve the carbon emissions caused by car exhaust.
Meanwhile, Lyft, through the Relief Rides program, has already given free trips to shelters and hospitals after Hurricanes Harvey in Texas and Irma in Florida and after wildfires in Northern and Southern California. It did the same after the mass shooting in Las Vegas wherein they offered free rides to blood donation centers.
While it is not yet clear how low-income people and veterans can get free rides, Lyft has been working with local and national organizations in order to identify the specific needs of certain communities.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
import React from "react";

import GUIDE_API from "../../../constants/guides";
import ActiveLink from "../ActiveLink";
import CollapsibleGroup from "./CollapsibleGroup";

let GroupGuides = ({ guides }) => {
  return (

      {guides.map(g => (

          <ActiveLink
            name="Guide"
            params={{ slug: g.slug }}
            activeClassName="font-bold"
          >
            {g.name}
          </ActiveLink>

      ))}

  );
};

let GuideLinks = () => {
  let groups = GUIDE_API.grouped();
  return Object.keys(groups).map(title => (
    <CollapsibleGroup key={title} title={title} initial={false}>
      <GroupGuides guides={groups[title]} />
    </CollapsibleGroup>
  ));
};

export default React.memo(GuideLinks);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Patience Pays Off For Walkes
New signing delighted to complete permanent Blues switch
The signing of Anton Walkes will not come as any great surprise to the Fratton faithful.
News of a permanent contract for the 21-year-old has been rumbling on in the press for a number of weeks now.
But, having spent the second half of last season on loan with the Blues, he has finally completed a switch from Tottenham.
And Walkes is delighted to get the deal over the line, as he turns his attention to helping Pompey achieve a successful 2018/19 campaign.
He said: "It's a great feeling because this has been developing for quite some time now.
"I was getting fit again from my injury over the summer and there was a lot of talk going on, so I had to be patient.
"This is definitely a new beginning for me and it's the challenge that I need at this stage of my career."
Anton Walkes
"But I want to get settled here, have somewhere to call home and push on from what happened last season.
"There are a lot of great people at Tottenham and I thank them for getting me to the point I'm at, but now it's all about doing well for Pompey.
"This is definitely a new beginning for me and it's the challenge that I need at this stage of my career, as I try to push on.
"We know what the level is and how we have to improve. There's a great group here and promotion is the expectation."
Walkes netted on his Pompey debut against Doncaster back in February and was used as both a right-back and central midfielder.
He said: "My debut goal was a great feeling and took some pressure off my shoulders. Hopefully there will be a few more.
"As long as I'm on the pitch and able to do a job, then I'll take that. I'm ready for any challenge in any position."
Anton Walkes arrives on two-year deal from Tottenham Hotspur
Versatile defender Anton Walkes speaks exclusively to iFollow after agreeing a move to Fratton Park from Spurs for an undisclosed fee.


Xiaomi Mi 3 comes in a pretty much standard box, made out of recycled paper. Inside we find a basic set of accessories - a microUSB, a 1A wall plug and a SIM ejector pin.
Xiaomi Mi 3 spreads at 144 x 73.6 x 8.1 mm and weighs about 145g. This is exactly the same footprint as Sony Xperia Z1's, but lighter. Unfortunately this means the Xiaomi Mi 3 also has rather big screen bezels.
The Xiaomi Mi 3 features a stylish polycarbonate chassis that wraps around the sides of the device a lot like some Nokia Lumia phone do. While this makes the 3050mAh battery inaccessible, the rounded edges mean the device is a pleasure to hold. We've always liked Nokia's choice of materials for its top Lumia models and we are glad to see the polycarbonate working out for another brand.
The rear side finish promises no nasty fingerprint smudges. The pitch black front contributes to the overall classy feeling and is very easy to clean. You can barely see where the IPS display ends and the frame begins.
Xiaomi Mi 3 was designed to look and feel like the flagship device it is. You will easily pick it up when put in whatever lineup of devices no matter it doesn't bet on any iconic elements as some of its competitors. It is likeable and beautiful, thoughtfully designed with usability and style in mind.
Handling the Xiaomi Mi 3 is as pleasurable as it can get - the polycarbonate unibody is solid and provides great grip thanks to its matte surface. The Mi 3 is just 8mm thin, but its wide footprint doesn't allow you to forget it's in your pocket.
The Xiaomi Mi 3 features a 5" Full HD IPS display with a pixel density of 441ppi, which places it among the best in-class. It's covered by Gorilla Glass 3 for protection against scratches and cracks from pressure.
Here is the display matrix of the Xiaomi Mi 3 shot from upclose. Taking a closer look at it under our digital microscope reveals a standard RGB arrangement of the sub-pixels that make up the Xiaomi Mi 3 LCD panel, not that we've expected anything else.
The display on the Xiaomi Mi 3 is bright enough at 100% with good contrast and colors. Unfortunately dropping the brightness reduces the contrast and the screen becomes dim very soon, which makes us believe 50% of the brightness scrubber is way below 50% of the actual brightness.
Unfortunately, the brightness of the screen is uneven with the backlight source being pretty visible at the top of the screen. When you have a white page opened on the screen you can easily notice the gradual brightness falloff from top to bottom. On the positive side, that's only visible with a full-on white or gray screen - in any other case it's as good as invisible.
The sunlight legibility isn't great, but the Xiaomi Mi 3's display is still usable outside and you will be able to see what's happening on the screen.
Xiaomi is providing options for color temperature and saturation. Glove mode is available too, but you probably shouldn't leave that turned on if you don't need it because it may drain your battery faster.
Finally there is an option to prevent accidental unlocks of your screen, while the phone is in your pocket. If enabled, you won't be able to unlock the scren while something is covering the proximity sensor. Again, that would take its toll on the battery life.


Home » Citations » Evolutionary multiplayer games on graphs with edge diversity.
Summary of "Evolutionary multiplayer games on graphs with edge diversity."
Evolutionary game dynamics in structured populations has been extensively explored in past decades. However, most previous studies assume that payoffs of individuals are fully determined by the strategic behaviors of interacting parties, and social ties between them only serve as the indicator of the existence of interactions. This assumption neglects important information carried by inter-personal social ties such as genetic similarity, geographic proximity, and social closeness, which may crucially affect the outcome of interactions. To model these situations, we present a framework of evolutionary multiplayer games on graphs with edge diversity, where different types of edges describe diverse social ties. Strategic behaviors together with social ties determine the resulting payoffs of interactants. Under weak selection, we provide a general formula to predict the success of one behavior over the other. We apply this formula to various examples which cannot be dealt with using previous models, including the division of labor and relationship- or edge-dependent games. We find that labor division can promote collective cooperation markedly. The evolutionary process based on relationship-dependent games can be approximated by interactions under a transformed and unified game. Our work stresses the importance of social ties and provides effective methods to reduce the calculating complexity in analyzing the evolution of realistic systems.
Invasion and effective size of graph-structured populations.
Methods for approximating stochastic evolutionary dynamics on graphs.
Animal Conflicts in Diploid Populations with Sexual Reproduction.
Charting Angiosperm Chemistry: Evolutionary Perspective on Specialized Metabolites Reflected in Chemical Property Space.
Information presented in graphic form, for example, graphs or diagrams.


With this accident taking place, we want to ensure that all drivers know what to if they are presented with a similar situation.
Firstly, if you experience any signs that indicate you have a flat tyre, firmly grip your steering wheel and put your hazard warning lights on. Allow the car to slow down on it's own steadily. What we mean by on it's own is – don't bang on the breaks. Your immediate reaction will be telling you to push hard on the breaks, however it is not advised.
Move your vehicle out of traffic and off the freeway. You are still able to drive on a flat tyre ensuring the movement of the car is minimal. Locating your car to safer grounds is highly recommended to avoid an accident involving other drivers and yourself getting seriously injured. Please use your indicators to warn other drivers on the freeway which direction you are moving the car. Do this with caution.
If you haven't already, put your hazard warning lights on. This will signal to other drivers that you are experiencing difficulties with your vehicle and you are pulled over to the side of the freeway. This is particularly important if it is night time, to be more visible to the other drivers. If you know how to change your tyre and don't require assistance, proceed with this. We want to emphasize please do this away from the traffic.
Contact your roadside assistance company (i.e. NRMA, Ultra-tune) or a family member if you would prefer to get help on changing your flat tyre. If this will also help you remain calm and be a more comfortable option, we recommend you do that. While you wait for help to arrive, please stay in your car. This will be safer for you and the other drivers. If you have handy a scarf or a piece of material, hang it outside of your window so you can be identified by your roadside assistance company or family member. To gain some further knowledge on how to drive on a highway, you can book our special Highway Course .
We hope these tips assist you if you find yourself needing to change a flat tyre on a freeway or regular road.


text:
Regent Cruises, Scandinavia, Baltic & Russia cruise from Southampton, 16 July 2018
July 16, 2017 southacruise Baltic Sea cruises, Cruises 2018, Northern Europe cruises, Regent Seven Seas Cruises
AmsterdamBrugesCopenhagenGdanskHelsinkiKlaipedaRegent Seven Seas Baltic CruisesSouthampton cruises July 2018St. PetersburgStockholmTallinn
Scandinavia, Baltic & Russia Cruise Southampton to Copenhagen on board Regent's Seven Seas Explorer.
Cruising from: Southampton, UK;
Departure Date: 16 July 2018;
Duration: 12 nights;
Cruise Line: Regent Seven Seas Cruises;
Cruise Ship: Seven Seas Explorer;
Ports of Call: Southampton, Bruges, Amsterdam, Kiel, Stockholm, Helsinki, St. Petersburg, Tallinn, Klaipeda, Gdansk, Copenhagen;
Discover the Northern Europe on this cruise with Regent Seven Seas Cruises.
Cruising from Southampton, UK
Your 1st port of call – Southampton. Known as the cruise capital of Europe, Southampton plays host to over four million visitors a year and boasts an impressive cultural offering, from museums, music venues and art galleries, to award winning[...]
Cruising to Bruges (Zeebrugge), Belgium
Bruges tourist information. Located in the Flanders region of northern Belgium, Bruges is the closest thing you're likely to find in the real world to a fairytale city. Famous for its old cobbled streets, charming market squares, peaceful canals and Gothic[...]
Cruising to Amsterdam, Netherlands
Amsterdam tourist information. Visiting Amsterdam, one of the greatest small cities in the world remains a unique experience. What makes Amsterdam so attractive is the 17th century historical atmosphere combined with the mentality of a modern metropolis creating a friendly and[...]
Cruising to Kiel, Germany
Kiel tourist information. Kiel, city, capital (1945) of Schleswig-Holstein Land (state), northern Germany. Kiel is a port on both sides of the Kiel Fjord, an inlet of the western Baltic Sea, and lies at the eastern end of the Kiel Canal.[...]
Day 4 – At Sea cruising
Seven Seas Explorer is the most luxurious cruise ship to ever grace the seven seas and at every turn her designer touches astound, just as her professional crew delights guests by tending to their every need.
Cruising to Stockholm, Sweden
Stockholm tourist information. With the Scandi-crime genre having become one of the most popular trends in the global literary and cinematic spheres, Stockholm has taken centre stage within popular culture, and has gained a reputation for being edgy, sophisticated and just[...]
Cruising to Helsinki, Finland
Helsinki tourist information. There's something about Nordic cities that just seems to set them apart from most other metropolises, with the town planners in the northern reaches of Europe having nailed the art of designing major capitals that are in perfect[...]
Cruising to St. Petersburg, Russia
St. Petersburg tourist information. When Peter the Great decided to found the city of St Petersburg in 1703, his vision was for the new settlement to become the most lavish and spectacular in all of Russia, which is excellent news for[...]
Cruising to Tallinn, Estonia
Tallinn tourist information. Tallinn, Estonia's capital on the Baltic Sea, is the country's cultural hub. Cruise ships dock at the Old City Harbor, which is only 500 meters from city center and 1 km from the spectacular old town. You can[...]
Cruising to Klaipėda, Lithuania
Klaipėda tourist information. Klaipėda is a port city in Lithuania, where the Baltic Sea meets the Danė River with small but interesting old town. The old town features German-style, 18th-century wood-framed buildings. Theater Square, the city's main gathering spot, is[...]
Cruising to Gdansk (Gdynia), Poland
Gdansk tourist information. Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland's principal seaport and the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area. Its fortunes being long shaped by wealthy merchants who came to[...]
Cruising to Copenhagen, Denmark
Copenhagen tourist information. Scandinavia is very much in vogue at the moment, with the region's literature, films and cuisine currently more popular than ever before. The quality of life in this part of Northern Europe is also famous for being exceptionally[...]
Join Regent Seven Seas Cruises on this roundtrip Scandinavia, Baltic & Russia Cruise Southampton to Copenhagen on board Seven Seas Explorer. Seven Seas Explorer leaving Southampton, UK for 12 nights from 16 July 2018.


Cooyeesan is the main campus of Pines International Academy therefore, the main offices are located here. We have the HR department which trains teachers before being qualified to be a teacher in PIA. The Accounting department, in charge of properly handling all finances of the company. Marketing department, focuses on documenting PIA events and advertising the company online and offline. Managers office, where staffs and managers representing different countries work for all student concerns. Online Department, mainly work for the online accounts of PIA.
PIA has different departments but each works in harmony to build a one big family of Pines International Academy.


What do we know about the 2.1 million artists in the United States' labor force? To help answer that question, the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) has released Equal Opportunity Data Mining: National Statistics about Working Artists. This new online research tool offers seventy searchable tables with figures on working artists by state and metropolitan area, by demographic information (including race and ethnicity, age, gender, and disability status), and by residence and workplace. The public is welcome to investigate the tables, a map of state-level rankings, and links to original sources.
This new research resource gives statistical profiles of Americans who reported an artist occupation as their primary job, whether full-time, part-time, or self-employed. The data set looks at artists in eleven distinct occupations: actors; announcers; architects; art directors, fine artists, and animators; dancers and choreographers; designers; entertainers and performers; musicians; photographers; producers and directors; and writers and authors. Some tables offer data on employed artists in particular, while other tables measure all artists in the workforce, both employed and looking for work.
The NEA created these data sets based on the US Census Bureau's Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Tables. Every ten years, the Census Bureau produces EEO tables using data from its annual American Community Survey (ACS). This set of EEO tables is drawn from the ACS survey results for 2006–10, which were combined to obtain a large enough sample. The EEO tables are the federal standard for comparing the race, ethnicity, and gender composition of the labor market in specific geographic areas and job categories.
Equal Opportunity Data Mining is the first installment of a series of Arts Data Profile webpages that the NEA will release over the next several months. Future NEA Arts Data Profiles will introduce public data about arts participation and arts organizations, and additional data on artists in the workforce.
The research tool also includes a video tutorial, links to additional resources (such as the US Census Bureau's American Fact Finder page), and surveys and databases from the US Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics.
For more than thirty years, the NEA has been the only federal agency to use US Census data to analyze artists in the workforce. The NEA seeks to extend the conversation on arts research through commissioned research, direct research grants, and research convenings to encourage more rigorous research on the impact of the arts in other domains of American life, such as education, health and well-being, community livability, and economic prosperity. Recent endeavors include a landmark partnership between the NEA and the US Bureau of Economic Analysis to develop an Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account that will identify and calculate the arts and culture sector's contributions to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The NEA has convened seventeen federal agencies in the NEA Interagency Task Force on the Arts and Human Development, to foster more research on the arts' role in improving health and educational outcomes throughout the lifespan. Just published, Creative Communities from Brookings Institution Press is based on a first-ever convening between the NEA and the Brookings Institution on the arts and economic development.
A temporary facility to provide volunteer assistance and work space to museums, libraries, archives, historic sites, galleries, collectors, and artists will open in Brooklyn, New York, during the week of December 10, 2012.
The Center for Cultural Recovery will be operated by the Foundation of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (FAIC), in cooperation with a consortium of the following organizations: the Alliance for Response New York City; the American Museum of Natural History; Heritage Preservation; Materials for the Arts; the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs; the New York Regional Association for Conservation; Industry City at Bush Terminal; and the Smithsonian Institution.
Funding for the center has been provided by a leadership gift to FAIC from Sotheby's. The Smithsonian Institution and a grant to Heritage Preservation from the New York Community Trust, as well as support from TALAS, have enabled the purchase of supplies. The center has also been outfitted with supplies donated by Materials for the Arts, a program of the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs. Additional donations to FAIC have come from PINTA, the Modern and Contemporary Latin American Art Show; Tru Vue; members of the American Institute for Conservation; and others.
FAIC and its partners have been offering crucial disaster response assistance to cultural organizations and artists in need in the wake of Superstorm Sandy. In the first ten days after the storm struck, FAIC's Collection Emergency Response Team's (AIC-CERT) twenty-four-hour hotline (202-661-8068) fielded over fifty-five calls from collectors, artists, and museums. AIC-CERT and New York area volunteers are working with approximately 120 small collections, galleries, and artists in New York and New Jersey to recover collections. In addition, AIC member conservators in private practices throughout the New York region are helping owners preserve their collections.
Access to some collections, including those of individual artists, is only now becoming possible. Even artwork that has been dried still may need rinsing and cleaning to remove residues and mold spores. The Cultural Recovery Center will offer space and expertise to help owners stabilize their collections.
Read more about AIC-CERT's volunteer services. The Museum of Modern Art in New York has also published Hurricane Sandy Conservation Resources for owners of cultural materials.
In response to Museums Advocacy Day, held on March 22–23, Senator Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) is circulating a "Dear Colleague" letter to encourage her fellow senators to ask the Senate Appropriations Committee for $50 million in funding for the Office of Museum Services, a branch of the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The amount requested for fiscal year 2011 is a $14.8 million increase over the current fiscal year. Gillibrand's letter is similar to a separate effort in the House of Representatives, supported by Representatives Paul Tonko (D-NY), Louise Slaughter (D-NY), and Leonard Lance (R-NJ).
The American Association of Museums (AAM) has prepared a form letter that you may use to send an urgent message to your senators. Use the online fields to enter your contact information, which will then select your senator's name and address. You can then download (as an .rtf) and print the letter to mail or fax, or choose the email option to send your letter right away. You can edit and personalize your missive before sending.
The Digital Library of the Caribbean (dLOC) has developed the Protecting Haitian Patrimony (PHP) Initiative to bring together international contributors to assist Haiti with the preservation of Haitian cultural patrimony while respecting local sovereignty. From February 11 to 17, 2010, Brooke Wooldridge, dLOC project coordinator, traveled to Haiti to meet with local leadership and determine the short, medium, and long-term goals for the initiative.
The downloadable PDF report summarizes the current actions taken in regard to the specific patrimonial collections in Haiti. It also provides the background necessary to develop coherent, complementary plans to assist local institutions as they protect the collections and develop resources to preserve and ensure that the future generations will have access to these resources.
The Digital Library of the Caribbean (dLOC), an international collaboration of educational, research, governmental, and nongovernmental institutions that provides access to electronic collections about the Caribbean, is seeking donations and technical assistance for the recovery and protection of Haiti's libraries and their valuable historical, governmental, and cultural resources.
The Digital Library of the Caribbean has initiated the Protecting Haitian Patrimony Initiative, the goal of which is to help the country's three largest heritage libraries and the National Archives, all of which were damaged in the January 12 earthquake. While the main structures remain standing, one library must be evacuated and most likely demolished and the others suffered significant damage, leaving their collections extremely vulnerable. As a result, significant resources will be needed to protect the already brittle, rare books and documents, now left in piles and covered with debris.
The damaged institutions have indicated they need gloves, masks, archival boxes, and temporary staff to assist in the clean-up. Later, they will need to replace broken shelving, repair or replace damaged electronic equipment, and provide more advanced restoration for many of the rarest books and documents.
Laura Probst, dean of FIU Libraries and a dLOC executive committee member, said protecting the historical documents is crucial in the earthquake's aftermath.
FIU has a longstanding partnership with Haiti's libraries and the National Archives through the Digital Library of the Caribbean and is one of the founding partners and administrators of dLOC, along with the University of Florida and the University of the Virgin Islands.
The Digital Library of the Caribbean's operations are run out of the Latin American and Caribbean Center at FIU. Brooke Wooldridge, coordinator of dLOC at FIU, will be traveling to Haiti this week to assist the libraries and archives in documenting their needs and planning for the next phases of their recovery.
For more information or to contribute to the Protecting Haitian Patrimony Initiative, please visit the dLOC website or call dLOC at 305-348-3008.
The text was published earlier today on the website of Florida International University (FIU) and is reprinted here with permission by news.FIU.edu.
Rescue Public Murals invites artists and arts organizations to contribute photographs of American outdoor murals, to be deposited in a special collection in the ARTstor Digital Library and made available for educational use.
The images in the Rescue Public Murals (Heritage Preservation) collection will serve as a valuable record of murals in the United States and place them in the context of other works in the arts, architecture, and humanities. Your photographs can join the more than five thousand catalogued mural photographs already contributed by Rescue Public Murals cochair, Timothy Drescher.
Images may be submitted online and should be high-resolution TIFF or JPEG files at 3,000 pixels on one side. Assistance is also available to scan slides. The online submission site includes fields to complete with identifying information about the mural, including artist name, title, date, location, medium, dimensions, photographer, and copyright information. Rescue Public Murals staff will facilitate their inclusion in ARTstor by providing cataloging and technical assistance.
Submissions are accepted until March 31, 2010. Artists and arts organizations that are considering submissions can email Kristen Laise or call 202-233-0824 for more information.
In 2006, Heritage Preservation launched Rescue Public Murals, an initiative to bring public attention to US murals, document their unique artistic and historic contributions, and secure the expertise and support to save them. While much of the effort is focused on the physical preservation of community murals, it is inevitable that some important murals will not survive. As another means of preserving this distinctive American art form, Rescue Public Murals also collects photographs and archival documentation related to murals.
Funding for this project comes from the Getty Foundation and National Endowment for the Arts. Rescue Public Murals has also received support from the Booth Heritage Foundation, Friends of Heritage Preservation, and the Wyeth Foundation for American Art.


Simple Relief is a quick acting, powerful gel that is used as a post topical. It works during a procedure that repeatedly penetrates the skin. 'Simple Relief' formula helps act as a shield against pain. The 5% lidocaine is a strong acting topical. It can be used for tattooing and all cosmetics tattooing procedures.
Now available in a Epinephrine Free version!


text:
Universities in United States
Part time jobs available
Let us help you apply to University of Washington today
About University of Washington
The University of Washington is a public research university, founded in 1861 in Seattle in Washington, United States. It is the largest university in the North western United States and one of the oldest universities on the West Coast. It's impact on individuals, the region and the world is profound, whether it is launching young people into a boundless future or confronting the grand challenges of time through undaunted research and scholarship.
The University of Washington colleges and schools offer 1,800 undergraduate courses each quarter. It confers more than 12,000 bachelors, masters, doctoral and professional degrees annually. It educates a diverse student body to become responsible global citizens and future leaders through a challenging learning environment informed by cutting edge scholarship.
The University of Washington has three campuses, with its largest campus in the University District, Seattle and two other campuses Tacoma and Bothell. It occupies over 500 buildings, with over 20 million gross square footage of space, including the latest University of Washington Plaza.
IELTS is accepted at University of Washington
28	th / 760
Member of Association of Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, Association of American Universities, American Chemical Society, Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities
47.65522, -122.30335	1410 NE Campus Parkway,Seattle,Washington,98195-5852 United States
Nearest City: Seattle
Address: 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle, Washington, 98195-5852 United States
47.24458, -122.43762	1900 Commerce Street,Tacoma,Washington,98402 United States
Address: 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma, Washington, 98402 United States
47.7589, -122.19065	18115 Campus Way NE,Bothell,Washington,98011-8246 United States
Address: 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, Washington, 98011-8246 United States


text:
Charlotte Parkhurst: Gender Bending "Whip" of the California Gold Rush
As a runaway girl dressed as a boy, Charlotte Parkhurst took a job mucking out Massachusetts livery stables in 1824 and went on from there to become a stagecoach driver.
Life for a woman born in the 1800s was full of gender-based taboos and restrictions. She couldn't vote, run for or hold office. Couldn't own property or, with few exceptions, get an elite education. Couldn't serve in the military or on a jury. And she couldn't easily escape a distasteful or abusive marriage. For a woman to enjoy all the freedoms denied her simply by being born female, there was only one option: live as a man.
Charlotte Darkey Parkhurst, born in Sharon, New Hampshire, in 1812, did just that.
Remaking herself as a boy
Details are scarce about her early life, and reports differ — did her mother die in childbirth or shortly thereafter? was her father unable or unwilling to care for her? was she placed under the care of Boston Children's Services, well known as the oldest child welfare agency in the nation? The only thing researchers and authors agree on is that when she was 12 years old, she ran away, dressed in boys' clothing, leaving Charlotte behind to live as a male named Charley Parkhurst.
She met livery stable owner Ebenezer Balch in Worcester, Massachusetts. He took the child he thought was an orphan boy under his wing, providing bed and board in exchange for mucking out stalls, washing carriages and scrubbing floors. But when Balch saw Charley's easy rapport with horses, he took her on as his protégé, training her to drive carriages pulled by two-, four- and six-horse teams. Thanks to Balch, Charley Parkhurst became one of the best coachmen on the eastern seaboard.
Wagon driver Charley Parkhurst joined the stampede to the California gold rush.
But as news spread in 1848 that "there's gold in them thar hills," people from across America begged, borrowed and stole to get to California in hopes of striking it rich. Mining towns sprang up to meet their needs with saloons, brothels, hotels and businesses whose owners hoped to make their own fortunes. Dirty, dusty and chaotic, they were home to bandits, gamblers, prostitutes and violence. In short, Gold Rush California was no place for a lady. Then again, nobody ever mistook Charley Parkhurst for a member of the fairer sex.
Taking Horace Greeley's advice to "go West, young man," she arrived in San Francisco in 1851, just shy of 40 years old, with the goal of becoming the best stagecoach driver in California. It was a job requiring good judgment, dexterity and considerable strength. A good "whip," as drivers were called, earned $125 a month plus room and board, a princely salary for the time. And Charley Parkhurst was good — by all accounts, she was considered "the best damn driver in California."
Driving gold-laden stagecoaches across rugged California terrain was grueling and dangerous work but Parkhurst became renowned for doing it well.
Rattlesnakes, grizzlies, highwaymen
Parkhurst pulled coaches laden with heavy boxes of gold and up to 20 passengers, driven by six-horse teams over jolting terrain and makeshift trails. She worked double shifts and drove through the night, in all kinds of weather, for double pay, always at risk from rattlesnakes, grizzlies, Indians and highwaymen. Her routes ran between gold-mining outposts and major towns like San Francisco and Sacramento, including the "great stage route" from San Jose to Oakland, and from San Juan to Santa Cruz. In 1854, a trip from San Francisco to Santa Cruz took two days; today it's just under an hour and a half down California Route 17 and I-280 South.
Employment records for Wells Fargo, the most important combination mail-delivery service, bank, express agency and stagecoach company in the West, describe Parkhurst as standing 5'6″, with alert grey eyes — one of which was covered by a black eye covering a facial defect from a horse kick to the face. While Charley, by some accounts, cussed, drank in moderation, smoked cigars, chewed tobacco and rolled dice with miners and other whips, she was also described as shy, speaking little, and never one to engage in brawls.
Wells Fargo records provide some of the details of Parkhurst's appearance.
Sweets for the children
Throughout her career, she wore blousy pleated shirts cinched at the waist with a wide leather belt. Durable blue denim jeans sold by Levi Strauss, with either a buffalo-hide cap or wide-brimmed hat shielding her face, completed her dress. And she was never without long-fingered, embroidered buckskin gloves that served to hide small, smooth hands. The only feminine trait one person ever recalled was Parkhurst's fondness for children. It's said Charley Parkurst always kept candy in her pockets for the mining towns' children drawn by the excitement of an arriving stagecoach.
She was also handy with a .44 pistol, which she kept tucked in her belt. After all, those were the days when gangs of desperadoes staked out stagecoach routes, leveling their guns at drivers and terrifying passengers to shouts of, "Throw down the gold box!" One particular bandit nicknamed Sugarfoot (who put cloth sugar bags over his shoes to hide his tracks) hit Parkhurst's stage twice. The first time, he got away with the gold.
Shot a robber dead
But the second time proved his undoing. This time, when he and his gang accosted the stage, Charley didn't stop. She cracked her whip and the team of horses bolted, surprising the highwaymen and giving Parkhurst time to spin around, aim and and fire her pistol. Sugarfoot was later found dead, gut-shot, with a bullet to the belly. In appreciation, Wells Fargo rewarded Charley Parkhurst with the traditional solid gold watch and chain.
After the Civil War, the Pacific Railway Acts paved the way for westward rail expansion. As James P. Ronda, co-author of The West the Railroads Made wrote, it brought "the West into the world and the world into the West." Trains soon began to replace the stagecoach, bringing news, mail, food and trade goods to California.
With the rails gaining popularity, and complaining of "sciatic rheumatism" from decades of being pounded and bounced around in the box of countless stages, Charley Parkhurst retired in the late 1860s. She tried her hand at running a saloon and operated a stagecoach station where drivers exchanged teams and gave passengers a few minutes to stretch their legs before going on their way. Worked as a lumberjack in Northern California, earning top dollar, raised cattle and chickens — and even joined the local Odd Fellows lodge.
The first woman to vote in a U.S. Presidential election, Parkhurst's name can be seen the the California voter registry.
Registered to vote
At the same time, Charley Parkhurst took advantage of an important right denied to women of her time. On April 25, 1867, one Charles Darkey Parkhurst, age 55 and a resident of Soquel, registered to vote in the 1868 presidential election pitting former New York Governor Horatio Seymour against Civil War General Ulysses S. Grant. Her name appears as registrant #1039 in Santa Cruz County's Great Register in the Hall of Records. While California women got the vote 44 years later, in 1911, it wouldn't be until 1920 that the 19th Amendment gave America's women the franchise to vote in national elections.
Early in 1879, Charley Parkhurst started complaining of a sore throat and a swelling on one side of her tongue, found to be cancer of the mouth and throat from a lifetime of smoking and chewing tobacco. She died in December, at age 67, in a small cabin near Watsonille, "her accumulations regular and her wealth considerable," according to the Santa Cruz Sentinel. The San Francisco Call remembered Parkhurst as "one of the most dexterous and famous of the California drivers … and it was an honor to be striven for to occupy the spare end of the driver's seat when the fearless Charley Parkhurst held the reins of a four or six in hand."
Her true sex discovered
Parkhurst left instructions to be buried in her everyday clothes. As was the custom, close friends came to wash and prepare the body for burial. Only then was the secret Charley took to her grave discovered. Refusing to believe their eyes, they summoned a doctor who confirmed that the tough-talking, tobacco chewing master whip they had all known as Charley Parkurst was, in fact, a "well-developed woman."
Charlotte "Charley" Parkhurst, a.k.a. "One-Eyed Charley," was buried in Watsonville, California's, Pioneer-Odd Fellows Cemetery. When it fell on hard times in 1955, a local historical association had her remains exhumed and reburied with a historical marker reading:
"Charley Darkey Parkhurst (1812-1879) Noted whip of the gold rush days. Drove stage over Mt. Madonna in early days of Valley. Last run San Juan to Santa Cruz. Death in cabin near the 7 mile house. Revealed 'one-eyed Charley' a woman. First woman to vote in the US November 3, 1868."*
A California legend
Drive California's fabled stagecoach trails today, and you'll find plaques honoring Charley Parkhurst. There's a section devoted to her at the Wells Fargo Museum on the corner of Montgomery and Post Streets in San Francisco. And scholars writing on the transgendered community have included Charley Parkhurst. But who is to say whether she identified as a man or simply chose to experience all the freedoms life had to offer by living her life as one?
* The question as to whether Parkhurst ever actually cast her ballot remains unsettled. While many historians have their doubts, one Santa Cruz County historian and author (the late Phil Reader) has cited a notation in the county's Great Register indicating she did.
Author Sandy LevinsPosted on April 8, 2020 August 29, 2020 Categories Adventure, Gender, Profiles
2 thoughts on "Charlotte Parkhurst: Gender Bending "Whip" of the California Gold Rush"
Thomas R. Parkhurst says:
One of the more accurate accounts of Charley's (Charlotte's) life and story. Thank you for your interest in Charley's Story…well done!
My brother Charles L. Parkhurst and I are currently working on our version. As you know, there are some unanswered questions early in Charlotte's life. We hope to get some answers…what was a project, has become a quest.
If you can provide any additional sources not already known, please do so, it would be very much appreciated. Thanks again.
Tom R. Parkhurst
charley Darkey parkurst was a very brave woman
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Dirtyfrank - Bones
Bones
By Megan Gazzo
Dirtyfrank is a collaboration of Ash Jewers (vocals), Andrew Smith (guitar/vocals), Luke Walters (guitar), Morris Ewings (bass guitar), and Steven Alexander (cajon/vocals). They formed in 2013 and just recently released their debut EP entitled Bones
Jewers vocals style reminded me much of Eddy Vedder at times . He has a deep uncovering sound to his voice that has a soul revealing element to it. Lyrics like " Come down where the water is warm" have an almost devilish element to it that you cannot help but feel mischievous.
The guitar riffs are creamy and smooth taken from an otherwise bumpy song that needed to be smoothed out. Guitars trickle over the wounded sound of the vocalist and his heart. On the title track he sings "Come dream with me and sleep with me". The music is definitely led mostly with the vocals while the rest of the band supports him. That being said said the lead guitar work is exceptional.
Perhaps it is the fact that main vocalist Ash Jeweler almost died twice before writing this album, that you can feel the deep sorrow in each song. The self titled Bones is just that- the very things that broke yet Ash prevailed.
"Entrust" contains beautiful guitar picking that is tranquil and calming. It spews a feeling of warmth and contains some similarities to Cat stevens. The song is nostalgic and revolves around a troubled relationship.
This EP is a great wintery selection urging you to delve into deeper realms of unknown territory. It is powerful, rhythmic and moving. It brings to the surface elements of curiosity and strength where our weaknesses lie. Sometimes music allows us to feel vulnerabilities and from those vulnerabilities we are able to find our strength. I highly recommend it.


A fascinating 1964 vignette error from the Falkland Islands will be offered during the Oct. 26-28 H.R. Harmer auction series in Costa Mesa, Calif.
The upcoming H.R. Harmer auction series will also offer this 1901 first-day cover to Finland, attractively franked with one each of the six United States Pan-American Exposition stamps.
In a series of sessions taking place Oct. 26-28, the H.R. Harmer auction firm of Tustin, Calif., will offer United States, British Commonwealth and worldwide stamps, covers and collections, along with a specialized sale of Spanish Philippines and U.S. territories and possessions.
The auctions will be held at the Hilton Costa Mesa, 3050 Bristol St., Costa Mesa, Calif., just southeast of Los Angeles.
The auction catalogs can be viewed online, with online bidding available. Bids also can be placed by phone, fax or mail, and live bidding is conducted during the sale through Stamp Auction Network.
One stamp from Falkland Islands is found in the extensive British Commonwealth selection, but the 1964 issue is a notorious error.
It comes from a set of four engraved bicolors, each with a portrait of Queen Elizabeth II at upper right, and a different black vignette for each of the four denominations.
The 6-penny blue and black stamp normally shows the armored cruiser HMS Kent, but this example is printed in error with the HMS Glasgow, which normally appears in black on the 2½d stamp from the same set.
While one sheet of 60 stamps presumably received the incorrect vignette, only 17 to 25 examples of the error are known to have survived, according to current estimates.
Listed as Falkland Islands Scott 151a in the Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue, the error carries a value of $32,500 in italics, denoting an item that can be difficult to value accurately.
H.R. Harmer offers this mint example, described as post office fresh, never hinged and "choice very fine," with a starting price of $20,000.
The Friday session offers hundreds of lots of classic United States stamps and covers, proofs and essays, postmaster's provisionals, Confederate States, back-of-the-book and more.
One special early 20th-century item up for auction is a full set of the six Pan-American Exposition commemoratives artfully arranged on a first-day registered mail cover, addressed to Finland and clearly postmarked May 1, 1901.
"Only fifteen covers are known bearing a complete set of the Pan-American issue, this being the only cover recorded to Finland and just recently discovered in Europe," H.R. Harmer notes in the auction description.
In its first-day cover listings, the Scott Specialized Catalogue of United States Stamps and Covers sets a value of $30,000 for a complete set of six on a May 1 cover; this one has a starting price of $15,000.
Visit the H.R. Harmer website for additional information, or contact H.R. Harmer, 2680 Walnut Ave., Suite AB, Tustin, CA 92780-7052.


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You are here: Home / Sports / NCAA / Watch Iowa State vs TCU Football Online Free Live Stream on Watch ESPN and ABC Sports
Watch Iowa State vs TCU Football Online Free Live Stream on Watch ESPN and ABC Sports
December 6, 2014 by Sara Leave a Comment
The TCU football program has been one of the most hotly debated this season due to their back-and-forth rankings battle with Baylor. Currently ranked No. 3 in the College Football Playoff rankings, the Horned Frogs need a win in their last Big-12 regular season game today to stay in the playoff discussion. Though the TCU football game against 2-9 Iowa State doesn't seem dangerous, all eyes will be on this morning's TCU football game to see its impact on the CFB playoff picture. You can watch Iowa State vs TCU football online free live stream if you're not near a TV.
Kickoff for the Iowa State vs TCU football Big 12 regular-season finale is scheduled for 12pm EST / 9am PST from Amon G. Carter Stadium in Fort Worth, Texas.
The Horned Frogs are looking for a Big-12 title and to cement their place in the inaugural college football playoff. The Playoff Committee will release its final rankings on Sunday, so a win against Iowa State today is vital.
On Tuesday the 10-1 TCU football team blasted past undefeated Florida State to take over the No. 3 spot behind the Alabama Crimson Tide and Oregon Ducks. That put the Horned Frogs three spots ahead of the Baylor Bears, their apparent playoff nemesis and a team that beat them two months ago by overcoming a 21-point deficit. As we watch TCU football game live online today or on TV, it's safe to say Iowa State won't be making a similar comeback.
Iowa State is far worse than the TCU football team in every statistical category, so TCU will have plenty of opportunities to fill-up the stat sheet as we watch TCU football online free live streaming or on ABC today. For instance, Iowa State has the NCAA's 117th ranked rushing game, while the TCU football program has the nation's 17th-best rushing defense.
On the other side of the ball, Iowa State allows 260.6 passing yards per game (98th) and 251.2 rushing yards (117th), making the TCU football program's offense a tall order. Behind quarterback Trevone Boykin, the Horned Frogs have the eighth-ranked passing game (315.4 yards per game), and their 36th-ranked rushing attack is anchored by running back Aaron Green, who has 750 yards and 7 TDs this season.
By all statistical accounts TCU should pass and run all over Iowa State today in the final Saturday of the Big-12 regular season. Momentum is also on the TCU football program's side, as they've been playing well enough to garner the favor of the CFB playoff committee while Iowa State has has lost five straight games. The intrigue, then, as we watch TCU football game online live or on TV today is not in the outcome, but just how dominating the Horned Frogs are in their win.
You can watch Iowa State vs TCU football online free live stream on the ABC Live website or, according to ESPN, on the Watch ESPN website or via the Watch ESPN app on a game console, tablet or smartphone. The latter two options require an ESPN subscription.
Filed Under: NCAA, Watch Live Sports
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Q: How to update part of a schema object without replacing it (Mongoose schema in node.js api)? I am very new to node.js and mongoose so bare with me if my question isn't using the right terms. I'm amazed I've gotten this far so quickly!
My main schema is a grocery list, which can have a listItemDict object, and an array of sale objects. I can PUT any field from the main schema and it will update just that field - the other fields stay as they were. But if I PUT any field from the sale schema, it replaces any sale data that was there.
My schema's are defined like this
var listItemDictSchema = mongoose.Schema(
    {
      name: String,
      details: String,
      aisle: String,
      aisleSort: Number
    }
  );

  var saleSchema = mongoose.Schema(
    {
      store: String,
      price: Number,
      quantity: Number,
      quantityUnit: String,
      details: String,
      startDate: Date,
      endDate: Date
    }
  )

  var schema = mongoose.Schema(
      {
        name: String,
        details: String,
        quantity: Number,
        quantityUnit: String,
        priority: String,
        forDate: Date
        listItemDict: listItemDictSchema,
        sales: [saleSchema]
      },
      { timestamps: true }
    );

This is a sample mongodb entry
_id:621ca04410e73258802a619d
name:"Bread"
details:""
quantity:1
quantityUnit:"loaf"
priority:"Normal"
listItemDict:Object
sales:
Array:
0:Object
  _id:621ca66f10e73258802a61a5
  store:"Store 1"
  details:"BOGO"
  price:1.99
1:
  Object
  _id:621ca66f10e73258802a61a6
  store:"Store 2"
  price:2.2
  createdAt:2022-02-28T10:13:24.312+00:00
  updatedAt:2022-02-28T10:39:43.768+00:00

If I put
{
"quantity": 2
}

just the quantity is updated and everything else stays the same, which I think is the right behaviour.
If I put
"sales": [{
    "id": "621ca66f10e73258802a61a5",
    "store": "Store 3"
}]

it replaces all sale info with this.
How can I update one piece of a sale object without replacing all sale data?

A: If you want to update the quantity of specific sales then pick sale document first by id and then update the fields you want in $set:
SalesModel.findByIdAndUpdate('id',{
   $set:{
      quantity:10
   }
})

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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What is a thumb screw?
Thumb screws are specially designed fasteners with machine screw threads and a head shaped in such a way to permit the screw to be turned into a tapped hole by hand without the use of any tool. They are usually manufactured with a spade shaped or round knurled head.


Welcome to Lawshelf's video-course on the basics of contract law. This is an introductory level course and no prior knowledge of law or contracts is required.
This course is a survey of basic contract law across a variety of areas. The first three modules cover the nature of contracts and the basic building blocks of contracts: offer, acceptance and consideration. The nuances of each element are considered, and the course focuses on rules such as the mirror image rule, the mailbox rule, mutuality of consideration and promissory estoppel. We also focus on the Uniform Commercial Code and its rules for contracts for the sale of goods.
In Module 4, we cover contract defenses, which allow contracts to be unenforceable despite the building blocks of the contract being in place. Defenses include illegality, incapacity, duress, unconscionability, undue influence, mistake and fraud. We will also look at the statute of frauds, which requires certain contracts to be in writing to be enforceable.
Our final module covers performance and breach, discussing when a contract has been breached and when one party's breach allows the other party to cease performance. The module also covers contract remedies, which is the study of how contract damages are measured and when specific performance, where the court orders someone to do something, it an appropriate contracts remedy.
This course should give you an understanding of how contract law works the tools to continue with more advanced studies of more specific areas of contract and transactional law.


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Afghanistan: facing malnutrition in Helmand Province
Sam Templeman
Sam Templeman is an Australian paediatric nurse. He was in Helmand province, in the south of Afghanistan, from December 2014 to September 2015. In the provincial capital city, Lashkar Gah, Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) supports the Ministry of Public Health Boost Hospital. Templeman shares some intimate moments of this emotional assignment.
What did your assignment involve?
My mission was to supervise the general paediatric ward and inpatient therapeutic feeding centre (malnutrition ward in other words), working alongside an Afghan Head of Department.
The job involved a mix of direct hands-on care, bedside teaching, classroom teaching, as well as more managerial tasks such as rostering, supply/stock management, HR etc. I enjoyed being in a position with that sort of variety.
Women and their children waiting in front of the ER at Médecins Sans Frontières-supported Boost Hospital, in Lashkar Gah, Helmand. Some of them had to take a taxi for hours and spend more than they could afford to reach this hospital, which is the biggest of the province. © Paula Bronstein/Getty Reportage
What did your assignment with Médecins Sans Frontières focus on?
The focus of my assignment was to improve the quality of care our patients are receiving. We achieved it through staff training and supervision, renovation works, ensuring that we have the right resources/equipment and also updating policies/procedures as necessary.
Boost Hospital is quite a large one and a large project by Médecins Sans Frontières standards. Our international nurses and doctors support national staff in running the different departments – everything from surgery to intensive care and malnutrition wards. Médecins Sans Frontières employs almost 700 national staff there.
In the general paediatric ward and inpatient therapeutic feeding centre we have all female nurses and health assistants. I really appreciated working with our Afghan staff. I was always aware that it was quite a rare privilege to be able to work alongside and learn also from Afghan women.
I was nervous at first, worried about saying or doing the wrong thing because we have different cultures, traditions... But I was quickly struck by how reactive they were. There was a nurse in the general paediatric ward who loves her cricket. After the world cup I was told that because Australia won, I had to buy kebabs for everyone working that day. My argument that since my country won, they should buy a kebab for me, was not well received!
What were your main medical and humanitarian challenges?
Where do I start? There is very little free health care in Helmand province. Most people visit private clinics or pharmacies where they pay for treatment.
The health care professionals often lack training and the quality of publicly available medicines is also dubious. Often people spend what little money they have on poor quality services. We see the knock-on effects of the lack of primary health care in the hospital with many people presenting with ailments that do not need hospitalisation.
The malnutrition ward brings many of the province's issues into focus. Malnutrition is not caused simply through a lack of food. Anyone's who's been sick before can appreciate that you often lose your appetite and a bit of weight at the same time. But for a child in this context, without access to good primary health care, good nutrition or adequate sanitation, this puts him at an increased risk of getting sick again. As this cycle repeats itself, a child ends up losing more and more weight until he is severely malnourished.
Another issue was the easy availability of antibiotics, often either inappropriately prescribed or bought without a prescription, thus fuelling antibiotic resistance, and as these antibiotics become less and less effective, health outcomes will only get worse.
Do you particularly remember some patients' stories?
I remember a mother in the malnutrition ward whose son had kwashiorkor. This is the type of malnutrition where a child's body becomes swollen. These children tend to have a higher risk of dying in hospital. We started him on the standard treatment and hoped to see the child improve and the swelling reduce. But there's so much we still don't know about malnutrition, so much research yet to be done.
We went through other possible diagnoses, checked his urine and blood and did a chest x-ray to look for signs of TB. But nothing seemed to fit and we couldn't work out why he wouldn't respond. But that's not why I remember him. I remember him because of his mother. She was young like so many were and she cried for him. She cried and cried and didn't stop because she was so worried about him. No one knew what to do. We were all so unused to seeing so much emotion; we didn't know what to do for her.
Some of the other mothers tried to comfort her. Some of our staff tried to soothe her. In the first few days I sat with her and explained what was happening and that we expected him to improve after a few days of treatment. After a few days I had to tell her some children take longer to respond than others. Then that we were running some tests to look for other causes. And finally I didn't know what to tell her. After about two weeks I was told she'd left and taken him to Pakistan hoping for better treatment. I'm not sure he survived the trip.
What was the most difficult day for you?
We would often hear fighting between armed groups and government forces. On this day, word spread that there had been an explosion not far from the hospital. One of the nurses got a phone call from her sister telling her their house had been destroyed. Thankfully no one was hurt. She asked me if she could leave work early to see the damage and salvage what she could.
She's one of the tougher nurses and usually gets on with work without complaint. Most people would be in tears after seeing their house destroyed but she managed to keep them at bay when she came back. Later that afternoon one of her patients died. Saleha* didn't fall apart. At the end of the shift she put on her burka, took her bag and went back to where her house used to stand. On her next shift, she showed up to work and worked as hard as she always did.
Is there any other anecdote you want to share?
There are many, but one comes first. The international staff were not allowed out due to the tight security rules. We used to drive from our house through the bazaar to and from hospital and see people go about their business. We all longed to be able to get out and walk around, sit, and have a tea. I remember near the end of my assignment, one of the nurses asked if I'd ever been to the bazaar. I saw her colleagues shaking her head and making a gesture – something like 'only A to B' and then they started laughing.
Nurse - 'Really? You've never been anywhere except the hospital or your compound? In nine months?'
Sam - 'Once I went to a meeting,' I replied. 'I'm not allowed out'
The nurse just couldn't stop laughing. I sat there getting laughed at by this 19-year-old nurse for not being allowed out. I didn't like it, but my international colleagues seemed to enjoy the story quite a lot!
* Name has been changed.


In the north woods, Spring comes much later than in most places, but it generally starts near the end of April. By then the only remaining evidence of winter are patches of snow left in the woods beneath the shade of thick evergreens. The smelt are beginning their yearly trek up stream, and it won't belong before the Rainbow Trout follow. Black bear also make their appearance emerging from hibernation to forge for the remains of fall's harvest. These fury scavengers are closely followed by another species ending their long winter's rest – the amateur astronomer. Clear spring skies and warming temperatures have lured him from his cozy study and has drawn him away from his beloved astronomy library. He's hungry and a host of celestial delights wait to be devoured. Included among them are some outstanding double stars. Let's take a look at what's on the menu each Spring.
The double stars I have chosen from many dwelling among the spring constellations are some of the most beautiful or interesting or both. Sixteen specimens are listed by right ascension and a small finder chart and drawing are made for each. My hope is that you will enjoy them enough to include double stars as a regular part of your observing list in the future.
As you look over the target list, you might notice that all the primary stars are bright enough to be seen with the naked eye from a dark viewing site, I can see all of them from front yard on dark moonless nights. This should help the beginning observer, in that he can put his red dot, crosshair, or bullseye right on the target. From a less-than-dark site you'll need to star-hop from the stars you can see. Also, you should be able to split all the pairs in a 3" telescope and most in a 2"; that puts them in the range of the equipment of almost every beginning observer. I am able to split all of them with my 80mm f/15 achromat refractor, though some present a challenge that requires steady seeing.
The constellations I have included are: Bootes, Cancer, Canes Venatici, Coma Berenice, Gemini, Hydra, Leo, Lynx, and Ursa Major. Again, they are all visible from my observing site at 46°+ latitude, so they should be easy from most locations in the Northern Hemisphere. The star charts were made using Guide astronomy software and the drawings were made using Adobe Photoshop. With the drawings, I tried to give a good idea of what you will see at the eyepiece, however, the orientation of the two stars may differ from the drawing, depending on what equipment you are using.
William Tyler Olcott called our first double in Gemini, Castor, "the gem of double stars ..... considered the finest specimen of a binary in the northern hemisphere". He may have been referring to the comments of Sir John Herschel who described Castor as "the largest and finest of all the double stars in our hemisphere and that whose unequivocal angular motion first impressed on my father's mind a full conviction of the reality of his long cherished views on the subject of the binary stars." Alpha Geminorium was the first star that provided William Herschel with certain evidence of a binary structure. It is also quite beautiful. Olcott saw both to be yellow white, while Smyth saw no color. Charles Worley called it "a remarkable multiple system" and Paul Couteau says it is "one of the brightest pairs in the sky. A good test for a small refractor." They are a lovely pair in my 80mm at 100X, with the secondary showing a pale pinkish orange. There is also a "C" component 72" away at 165° p.a. Given their historical significance they are indeed as Camille Flammarion puts it: "an important orbital system".
Three and a half degrees to the south is our next double – Kappa Geminorium. It is a delicate pair in which Olcott saw an orange primary and pale blue secondary. Smyth agrees this time and so do I. Dembowski suspected that the companion might be variable, but Crossely in his "Handbook of Double Stars" attributes the change in the companion's glow to the light from the bright primary star. Because of the difference in magnitude, this is one of the difficult doubles in the tour for my 80mm to split and this despite it having 7 arc-seconds of separation. You will need dark skies to split this in a small telescope and don't be afraid to try magnification over 200X. Otherwise, try a 6" or larger scope.
Our third double in Gemini, 38, is 5° southeast of gamma Geminorium. It splits easily in the 3" at 100X into a yellow-white primary and yellow-orange secondary. Olcott saw the secondary as blue and commented on the fine contrast of the pair, while Smyth called it "a neat double star' of "light yellow and purple." He says that this "very fine object" has "colours so marked, that they cannot be entirely imputed to the illusionary effect of contrast"; quite a compliment coming from such an experienced observer. Couteau says that "according to Flammarion the companion varies in brightness and color. While the primary is golden yellow, the companion changes from green to blue, purple and red." This seems to agree with the different colors noted by different observers. What colors do you see?
We now move further west to the constellations of Cancer and Hydra. Cancer yields two doubles to the tour, while Hydra just one.
Iota Cancri is a pair of very fine contrast. Olcott saw the pair as yellow and blue and Smyth - orange/clear blue. It is lovely in the 80mm at 67X and appears yellow-orange and blue-green. Flammarion noted a pair "pale orange and blue, of beautiful contrast", and Couteau suggests "looking at it with a pair of binoculars". With a separation of 30.8" it is the second widest pair in the tour.
13 degrees southwest of Iota is Zeta Cancri. It appears to form a naked eye double with a companion star just 28' to the east, but these stars are unrelated. A closer look at around 70X, reveals pair of yellow-white and yellow-orange stars. It is actually a triple system, but only two components (AB and C) are visible in a small scope. Olcott saw them as yellow and orange, but Herschel listed them both as pale red. While Struve saw different shades of yellow, he remarked that these varied over time and Dembowski noticed the change also. Agnes Clerke in her book, "The System of the Stars", discusses the variation of color in doubles and in doing so mentions Zeta Cancri. She wrote: "The three stars of Zeta Cancri are usually yellow, but Dembowski noticed them as all white in 1854-56, the remoter component turning yellowish or olive in 1864-65. This form of concordant change through various shades of primrose or cowslip is not very rare among revolving stars while the development of colour in other pairs tends toward the production of contrast. It often happens, too, that one component only varies in hue, in which case the change always affects the satellite star." This system is unusual in another sense. According to Smyth, William Herschel had declared this system to be "a most minute treble star", but later his son John and James South felt that the primary component was a single "beautifully defined and round" star. However John South, on later inspection saw the primary component to be "unquestionably elongated" and a lengthy investigation by J. Herschel, South, Dawes and Smyth followed; eventually it was noted as triple star. Flammarion later called it a "remarkable ternary system".
Next we travel south of Cancer to the head of the sea serpent – Hydra. Epsilon Hydrae is a difficult double to split in a small scope. Though under dark skies and using 170X the dim secondary © can be seen nearly touching the bright primary (AB); both showing a yellowish tint. Olcott calls Epsilon Hydrae "a very interesting star. It was discovered to be double by Struve and in 1888 Schiaparelli noted that the brighter component was itself a close double." Smyth said that by the time Struve discovered it in 1830, it was just over 3" in separation and Dawes wrote at the time: "Indeed, were the small star visible fifty years ago, as it is now, it never could have escaped Herschel." Yet Crossley later wrote in his handbook: "It is extraordinary that this beautiful star should have escaped the scrutinizing eye of Sir Wm. Herschel." With the large instruments that Herschel had at his disposal, I too find it hard to believe. Anyway, Flammarion calls it "yellow and blue, a charming orbital system", and that it is.
Another tight double awaits us just 10 degrees northeast of Iota Cancri in the tail of the Lynx. A little north of Alpha Lyncis is the 4th magnitude star, 38 Lyncis. It will take in excess of 200X to separate this double into what I see - a green-white and pink-yellow pair. Smyth saw "silvery white and lilac" and Crossley – "white and blue". Again, a dark and steady sky will help, but don't be afraid to turn up the power; it will be well worth it!
A larger cat than the Lynx awaits us next, as we turn our attention to the much more recognizable figure of the Lion.
Leo has some outstanding double stars and we have three of them on the tour, beginning with Gamma Leonis. The renowned double star observer F.G.W. Struve called Gamma Leonis the " finest double star in the northern sky"! It is an outstanding pair. Olcott calls it the "telescopic feature of the constellation. The colors of the two stars are yellow and green". At 120X in the 80mm, they are something special in different shades of gold and compete for the best double of the tour. It is a bright pair and thus the comment by Olcott that they are "best observed when it is not quite dark or in moonlight". This helps dim the brightness and to enhance the colors. Struve saw his favorite double as golden and greenish red, while both Wm. and John Herschel saw a reddish white pair. Smyth on the other hand comes closer to my estimation seeing bright orange and greenish yellow. This is definitely a highlight of any observing session and has such adjectives as "finest", "beautiful" and "splendid" attributed to it by some of the most astute double star observers. However, I think Flammarion best describes Gamma Leonis when he calls it, " two yellow translucid diamonds".
Just 9.5° northeast of Gamma is 54 Leonis. It is the bottom star of a triangular asterism. Though not as spectacular as our previous double, Olcott calls it " a fine object" and it is a bit easier to split in a small scope with a separation of nearly 7". Both Wm. Herschel and Smyth saw no color, giving white and gray, yet they call is "beautiful" and "neat", respectively. Not spectacular in my in my 80mm at about 70X, but "neat" and the surrounding asterism is "neat" too.
The third binary in the constellation Leo, Tau Leonis, is the widest pair in the tour at nearly 90 arc-seconds and is therefore a welcome break from the tight doubles we have observed so far. It is located about 13 degrees SSW of Beta Leonis, the brightest and most southern member of an arc of four stars. Listed as a binocular double in some references, it is an easy pair to split. Olcott saw them as "Lemon and light blue. A field glass object". Flammarion is one of the few others who comment on it, writing, "an isolated pair, easy in small instrument". So the challenge may lie more in locating the pair than in splitting it.
From the Lion we travel way up north to the Bear. Living where I do, I am able to enjoy this constellation all year long, but in the spring it is directly overhead and strutting it's stuff. Our only double on tour from this area is Zeta Ursa Majoris, but what a fine specimen it is! Mizar, as the ancients named it, is one of my all time favorite double stars. Olcott calls it "the best known double star in the heavens and one of the most beautiful". It is also the first double star discovered, Riccioli doing so in 1650. It was also the first double star to be photographed, Bond accomplished that 200 years later in 1857. As a double star it has an abundance of significance. In fact C.E. Barns designated Mizar a "pioneer star" which "never fails to inspire awe, however frequently observed". Mizar is paired, though not physically with another naked eye star just 11' 48" away, Alcor. Through history they have been called the "Horse and Rider" and as a pair they were said to be at one time, a test of good eyesight. Today both are readily seen without aid, sitting in the middle of the handle of the asterism called the "Big Dipper" or "Plow" and therefore, as Agnes Clerke writes, their "gradual brightening is thus strongly suggested." Under closer scrutiny, Zeta Ursa Majoris shows itself to be a fine binary star with primary and companion both brilliantly white. In my 80mm at about 70X, Mizar, its companion and Alcor can be seen together in the same field and present a stunning sight and I would recommend viewing them at this magnification. Paul Couteau agrees and writes, "it is good to look at Mizor and Alcor in the same field, as one can with the smallest refractor, to compare the separations". In other words it gives the observer a good estimate of the separation that is required for a "naked-eye" double.
We're on a roll, so let's continue that way with our next star, another contender for the "best of tour". It is located just 17 degrees south of Mizar in the constellation of Canes Venatici – "the Hunting Dog". I don't think the Bear has anything to worry about, as the "Dog" isn't much, but this shapeless constellation allows our next double to stand out like a sore thumb or should I say "paw". Alpha Canes Venatorium is a splendid double star. It was given a name, "Cor Caroli" or "the Heart of Charles", by Astronomer Royal Halley in 1725 to honor King Charles of England, but there is some dispute as to whether it was Charles I or Charles II he was honoring. Olcott gives yellow for both and Smyth – "flushed white and pale lilac", while C. Flammarion calls it "one of the prettiest doubles in the sky, golden yellow & lilac". This is close to what I see; in my 3" at 120X - yellow white and pinkish blue. Clerke gives an interesting description, calling them "pale yellow & fawn". It is a fine contrasting double that floats like two jewels in an otherwise featureless area of the sky.
Next, we move farther south into a region rich in galaxies. In among the spirals we search for a fifth magnitude star in the constellation, Coma Berenice. It is the star designated 24 Coma Berenices. You are going to have to use the star chart to locate it nearly 20 degrees SSW of Cor Caroli. Once located, it is easily split by a small scope into two beautiful stars. The colors are very pleasant in my 80mm at 40X, showing great contrast between the orange primary and green secondary. Olcott saw "orange and lilac" as did Flammarion, while Smyth gives "orange and emerald", calling "the colours very brilliant". The secondary is not actually green, but this appearance is a result of its close proximity with the primary star. But who cares, it is still a beauty to behold.
Our last constellation, Bootes, holds three of the tour's double stars. Two are easy to locate and all present fine targets. Lets begin with the hardest to locate, 39 Bootis. It is not that difficult, just move 10 degrees due east of the end star in the Big Dipper's handle, Alkaid. 39 Bootis is a 6.3 magnitude star that shows a yellow white primary and secondary of nearly equal brightness at about 140X in my small refractor. At a separation of around 3 arc-seconds, they appear as a pair of headlights from some alien spaceship. It is interesting that Olcott doesn't give any description other than they present "a fine contrast of colors" and Flammarion also gives no colors, while Smyth mentions "white and lilac". Check them out for yourself, I'm sticking with yellow-white headlights.
To find the next double on the tour, locate Arcturus, the bright yellow zero magnitude star that cannot be missed. Move just 6.5 degrees east and a little south to the 5th magnitude Pi Bootis. At 111X it is clearly split. Flammarion called it a "charming couple" and I would agree - a pretty pair of two nearly equal white stars. Sir John Herschel reported them as, "Nearly equal; large is white; the smaller perhaps inclines to blue" and Olcott gives "both white". Herschel is often credited with its discovery, yet interestingly, Crossley writes in his handbook: "Herschel wrote: 'Sept. 20, 1879, Mr. Rev. Hornsby told me it was a double star and I found it to be so.'"
Our final double lacks no description of color. Epsilon Bootis is easy to spot along the eastern side of the Herdsman shining at magnitude 2.5. Olcott calls this "a superb object, a test for a 2 inch glass. Called "pulcherrima" by the elder Struve on account of its extreme beauty. Yellow and bluish are the colors attributed to its components." In a paper, dated 6/9/1803, William Herschel stated: " This beautiful double star, on account of the different colours of stars of which it is composed, has much the appearance of a planet and its satellite, both shining with innate but different light." Herschel knew this star well. In 1782, Epsilon Bootis was the object of his investigations for stellar parallax, though they were unsuccessful. Years later he recognized its binary character. He gave reddish and blue or lilac for the colors, and his son, John Herschel, saw yellow and blue green, while Struve gives yellow and green and Smyth – "pale orange and sea-green, the colours being distinct and strongly contrasted. This is a lovely object." I see gold and slate blue in my 3" at about 200X and rank this as another "best of tour". Flammarion agrees with me and gives "bright yellow and marine blue". Whatever colors you see, they are bound to be breathtaking.
The word "Pulcherrima" is of Latin origin and means beautiful. Struve used the descriptive label for the star Epsilon Bootis. No doubt he was enamored by the striking physical beauty of this pair of diamonds floating through space in unison. However, I can't help thinking that there was more than just the visual appearance that attracted this observer to them. I have to believe that much of their beauty stemmed from the truth that they revealed to him about the physical laws of the universe. Truth has an apparent beauty, every bit as attractive to us as the sights that please our eyes. Einstein once remarked about his theory of relativity: "It is too beautiful to be false". When investigation and discovery reveal truth about the world in which we live, it awes us as much as snow-capped mountains or a starry night.
That concludes the "Spring" tour. As the weather warms, get out and take in the sights, you'll enjoy them. I know I look forward to seeing these familiar visitors, each year after my long winter's nap comes to an end.


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The concept of "one size fits all" is rarely accurate, and it's particularly not true when you're looking for data storage. There are many factors that come into play in selecting the right solution for your use case. For those with small data storage needs, SAN and NAS may be adequate solutions. In just about every industry and use case, however, we've seen massive growth in the amount of data that must be stored. The sheer amount of data that needs to be managed is typically associated with multiple regulations and policies for protecting and retaining it, not to mention the need to support a large range of access methods. The resulting intersection of requirements is creating a high demand for object-based storage (OBS) solutions.
Once you've determined that you should investigate OBS solutions, how do you know which one is the best fit for your use case and organization? Ben Canter, our VP of Sales, and I will tackle the topic of Evaluating Object Storage Solutions in our August 21 TechTuesday webinar at 11 am PT/ 1 pm ET. We'll discuss the criteria you should use when evaluating object storage solutions for various use cases and share our knowledge gleaned from the hundreds of successful installations Caringo has managed for over a decade.
Along with considerations such as scalability, ease of data migration (protocol compatibility), data management and protection, it pays to understand each product's approach when handling the data and metadata.
I hope you will join me and Ben for our TechTuesday webinar on Evaluating Object Storage Solutions. The webinar will be followed by a live Q&A, so you can ask questions that address your specific areas of interest. In the meantime, if you have any questions, feel free to contact us. We are happy to discuss your specific use case as you architect the future of your data storage.


text:
Q: Is an argument copied to the resulting temporary when both the function parameter and return types are references? Chapter 6.3.2 of the book C++ Primer says the following:

The return value is used to initialize a temporary at the call site, and that temporary is the
result of the function call.

Later, it gives an example for returning reference values with the explanation below:
const string &shorterString(const string &s1, const string &s2)
{
    return s1.size() <= s2.size() ? s1 : s2;
}

The parameters and return type are references to const string. The strings are not copied
when the function is called or when the result is returned.

Does this mean that the temporary resulting from this function call is initialized from a reference to the first or the second argument? If so, doesn't that mean that the argument does get copied into the temporary?

A:
Does this mean that the temporary resulting from this function call is initialized from a reference to the first or the second argument?

Yes.
As the logic in the function suggests, wether the temporary is initialized from the first argument or the second argument depends on the value of s1.size() <= s2.size().

If so, doesn't that mean that the argument does get copied into the temporary?

Yes.
However, it's worth noting that the temporary itself is also a const string&. It does not require a copy of a string object.

A:
The return value is used to initialize a temporary at the call site, and that temporary is the result of the function call.

The use of "temporary" is a bit misleading, and as of C++17 - false.
Up until C++17, the function could theoretically have created a temporary which is the return value. But the compiler was allowed to skip the creation of such a temporary, and just initialize/construct at the call site, e.g. if you wrote:
const std::string& foo { shorterString(my_string1, my_string2) };

then foo would have been initialized by the code inside shorterString directly (even if the function wasn't inlined). Granted, this doesn't matter all that much for const std::string&, but it sure does matter for types whose construction has side-effects; and for types which are non-copyable/non-movable.
Beginning in C++17, this is no longer an "optimization" -  it is guaranteed in the standard that no temporary is constructed/initialized. See this blog post for a detailed discussion.


text:
Twenty Gandhis
Thursday, August 31st, 2006
As the fifth anniversary of 9/11 approaches, many of the nation's values — tolerance, forgiveness, personal freedom, perhaps even courage itself — remain trapped in the wreckage.
It may take another anniversary, another 9/11 — Sept. 11, 1906, to be precise — simply to remind us of what lies buried beneath the fear and cynicism, the ignorance and politics; and, even more importantly, to wake us up to the urgency of reclaiming those values and healing as a nation.
Led by a president incapable of protecting us but eerily adept at exploiting tragedy, we went off on a howling revenge quest against "the axis of evil" and proceeded to compound the horrors of 9/11 worldwide — turning this day into an excuse for torture and wiretapping and the indiscriminate "shock and awe" bombing of a country that had nothing to do with what had happened.
Around the country, and particularly in New York City, the wakeup call is about to be sounded, as grieving Americans — grieving as much for the future we're bequeathing our children as for the past — proclaim 9/11 a day of healing and peace, not revenge. The memory of Mahatma Gandhi will help drive the message home.
The twist of historical fate juxtaposing the birth of "satyagraha," the world's first large-scale nonviolent resistance movement, with the terror attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, is downright chilling, like the sound of rhythmic tapping coming from beneath the rubble. Someone's still alive down there! Hope floods the heart.
Liz Graydon, a former middle-school teacher who is now education coordinator for New Yorkers for a Department of Peace, saw mention in a newsletter from Nonviolent Peace Force, which does peace work in Sri Lanka, that this Sept. 11 would be the 100th anniversary of Gandhi's movement for social justice. Not surprisingly, "The date just jumped out at me," she told me. It immediately became the focal point of plans to commemorate 9/11, and the stunning aptness of it has lit up the national peace network.
In August 1906, Mohandas K. Gandhi, a young Indian lawyer living in South Africa, was stunned almost to paralysis — "an impenetrable wall was before me," he later wrote — upon learning about the law the province of Transvaal had just passed, known as The Black Act, requiring Indian nationals to submit to a humiliating registration and fingerprinting process. Its intent was obviously racist, a first step by the white government to marginalize and eventually expel "coloreds" from South Africa.
"I clearly saw that this was a question of life and death," Gandhi wrote. "…the community must not sit with folded hands. Better die than submit to such a law."
Gandhi called a meeting of the Indian community on Sept. 11, which about 3,000 people — Hindus, Muslims and others — attended. One angry speaker, according to Gandhi's account, declared: "If any one came forward to demand a certificate from my wife, I would shoot him on that spot and take the consequences."
Gandhi had another idea: "It will not … do to be hasty, impatient or angry," he said. "That cannot save us from this onslaught. But God will come to our help, if we calmly think out and carry out in time measures of resistance, presenting a united front and bearing the hardship, which such resistance brings in its train."
Gandhi's vision, which he came to call satyagraha (a combination of Sanskrit words literally meaning "seize the truth"), held the day, indeed, kept the Indians of South Africa unified through eight years of intimidation, abuse and imprisonment. In 1914, the government agreed to end all anti-Indian discrimination. And of course, this movement continued in India itself until 1947, when British colonial rule finally ended.
Graydon, who used the 1982 movie "Gandhi" in her middle school curriculum, said her students were invariably skeptical that nonviolence could accomplish anything. She recalled one boy who conceded, halfway through the film, that it was pretty convincing, "But c'mon, Miss Graydon, there are 6 billion people on the planet. You'll never get all of them to be nonviolent."
She noted that the population of India at the time of Gandhi's movement was 300 million. "We don't need 6 billion Gandhis," she told him. "We need 20 Gandhis."
New Yorkers for a Department of Peace, in conjunction with the M.K. Gandhi Institute for Nonviolence, has organized 32 screenings of "Gandhi" around the country on Sept. 11, including, in New York, at the Regal Theater, across the street from Ground Zero. As far as I can tell, many other events are being planned that day, both in conjunction with and independent of the New York event, that will draw inspiration from this mystical confluence of anniversaries.
"Nonviolence is the greatest force at the disposal of mankind," Gandhi said. "It is mightier than the mightiest weapon of destruction devised by the ingenuity of man."
Maybe the time has come to learn how to use it.