text:
Dread Pirate bin Laden; more than five for fighting; schizo in Gitmo
Plenty of CEOs have reached the corporate summit with fists full of cash and mouths stuffed with cigars. But only a select few—like Bill Gates or Lee Iacocca—have ascended to full-blown media superstardom. These standouts tend to succumb to the lures of celebrity culture, a new study finds, leaving their companies to plod along in mediocrity. The authors examined the performance and compensation of fat cats who had been singled out for prominent awards—like BusinessWeek's "Best Manager," or Forbes's "Best-Performing CEOs"—between 1975 and 2002. They found that while the winners' compensation shot up in the years following their prize (by 44 percent on average in the first year alone), their performance declined substantially compared with their past achievements and with the work of their peers. Perhaps because they started to value the "jet-set life" more than the happiness of their shareholders, celebrated CEOs also spent much more time pursuing projects like writing books and sitting on external boards. Most damningly, the authors add, "award-winning CEOs have significantly lower golf handicaps than non-winners."
Seriously Funny
A moment of Zen: What if every news program was The Daily Show? A report from the Project for Excellence in Journalism suggests that audiences would actually be pretty well-informed. The researchers analyzed a year's worth of broadcasts and found that The Daily Show's coverage roughly resembles that of cable news and talk radio, and that its popularity rivals or exceeds more-traditional news outlets. Though the show leans liberal—it attacked Republicans three times as often as Democrats and skewered the Bush administration in 22 percent of its segments—the authors suggest that its agenda could be "more anti-establishment than anti-Republican." And contrary to Bill O'Reilly's claim (made on The Daily Show) that its audience consists mainly of "stoned slackers," the show's viewers actually score in the highest percentile of current-events knowledge. The main divergence from the news cycle comes when tragedy strikes. The Virginia Tech massacre, one of last year's biggest stories, received only a brief mention before host Jon Stewart moved on, "to keep things light and funny." Even so, the report concludes that
Arrr-Qaeda
Pirates are increasingly marauding on the high seas, a Rand report finds, but the dreaded (and terrifying-sounding) "terrorism-piracy nexus" won't emerge anytime soon. Pirate attacks increased drastically between 2000 and 2006, to an average of more than 350 per year. In part, pirates just have more targets because of the huge boom in global maritime shipments. But they also take advantage of the shipping industry's growing dependence on a few dangerous "chokepoints" like the Strait of Malacca, as well as widespread government corruption and lax port security. Most conditions advantageous to piracy would seem to benefit terrorists as well, and rumors of extremists hijacking ships to train for a "9/11 at sea" have led to worries that terrorists might start subcontracting their work to buccaneers. But the author argues that such a partnership is highly improbable. For one thing, terrorism in remote stretches of the ocean is unlikely to generate spectacular news footage. And no single attack would be likely to have wide-ranging economic consequences (for all their plundering, pirates cause at most $16 billion in losses a year—in an industry that handled upward of $7 trillion worth of goods in 2005). Perhaps most important, while jihadists would presumably aim for the destruction of the maritime economy, pirates depend on it for their livelihood.
Walid is a 28-year-old Palestinian who has been imprisoned in Guantánamo Bay since 2002. According to a report by Human Rights Watch, he suffers delusions, anxiety, and depression as a result of his isolation, and he appears to have developed schizophrenia. Like Walid, most detainees at Guantánamo live in conditions that resemble those of supermax prisons in the U.S. But unlike in supermaxes, where prisoners can have TVs in their cells and occasional interaction with the outside world, in Guantánamo, detainees (none of whom have been convicted) are usually locked up alone with only a Koran and a single other book for 22 hours a day. No prisoner has ever received a visit from a friend or relative, and many have never been allowed a phone call. While detainees can sometimes communicate with each other by shouting through door slits, guards remain their primary source of interaction. The study cites evidence that such isolation can produce "the most extreme forms of psychopathology, such as depersonalization, hallucination, and delusions." Lawyers report that some detainees are no longer able to assist in their own defense or make decisions about their case. Though many detainees pose major security risks, the study argues that prolonged isolation "can aggravate desperate behavior, potentially creating worse security problems over time," and that mental illnesses will "complicate ongoing efforts to resettle or repatriate many of these men."
Heal Thyself
Access to health care has improved significantly in the developing world over the past few decades. In Delhi, India, for example, a typical family now lives within walking distance of more than 70 private health-care providers. But a new study by a group of economists suggests that quality of care is just as important as availability—and when it comes to quality in low-income countries, doctors are still failing miserably. The authors observed practitioners on the job in four countries and quizzed them about how they would treat various conditions. In one scenario, they were given the hypothetical example of a mother who brought in an infant suffering from diarrhea. Only 25 percent of doctors in Delhi asked about blood or mucus in the baby's stool, and only 7 percent checked for a depression in the soft spots on its skull—two key steps to determining whether the child should be hospitalized for severe dehydration. The authors also found that Indian doctors, who see patients for an average of 3.8 minutes, would have to be of above-average competence in order to be more likely to help patients than to harm them. In all the countries studied, the authors found "a large and significant gap between what doctors know they should do … and what they actually do."
—"The Quality of Medical Advice in Low-Income Countries," Jishnu Das, Jeffrey Hammer, and Kenneth Leonard, Journal of Economic Perspectives
Angry Young Women
Cable news may be obsessed with YouTube videos of "catfighting" high-school cheerleaders, but "there is no burgeoning national crisis of increasing serious violence among adolescent girls," a study by the Justice Department says. The researchers examined official arrest statistics from the FBI as well as data from two national self-reported crime surveys and found that while teenage girls have not been acting more violently over the past two decades, they are getting arrested much more frequently. The authors believe the discrepancy is due more to shifts in enforcement than to girls' behavior. The adoption of "zero tolerance" policies for school altercations and "mandatory arrest" for domestic disturbances may have contributed, as may have differing behavioral expectations for females, such as a lower tolerance among parents for girls' acting out than for boys'. Another reason may be that while boys tend to fight "friends or strangers," girls are far more likely to assault family members, which might be more likely to land them in the clink.
Mad Cash
When you think of hockey, you probably think black eyes, missing teeth, and bloody brawls. And although the NHL has tried various schemes to clean up its image—to the dismay of many fans—a study by two economists found that the sport still offers "enormous incentives for foul play and overt violence," and even a cash enticement for goons to drop their gloves. After analyzing league statistics—including penalty minutes, goals scored, and salary figures—the authors determined that strategic fighting can improve a team's playoff chances, and that players possessing the unique skills of an enforcer are duly rewarded for their efforts. By fighting, lower-skilled wing players can create scoring opportunities for more-talented centers by intimidating opposing teams and keeping their skilled defenders in the penalty box. While a player earns a "wage premium" of $10,925 when he assists on a goal, they calculated, he earns $18,135 for winning a fight and $11,993 even for losing a fight. To ensure that the sport values skill and finesse over "bad boy" enforcers, they suggest that the league deduct a "fight fine" of roughly $36,000 from the team's salary-cap allotment for each donnybrook.
—"Blood Money: Incentives for Violence in NHL Hockey," John P. Haisken-DeNew and Matthias Vorell, Ruhr Economic Papers
Dressed to Impress
What makes a woman pick out a sparkling bracelet and low-cut top in the morning, rather than a button-down shirt and slacks? A new study suggests it may be hormones. Researchers have previously found that a woman's sexual motivation ebbs and flows over the course of her menstrual cycle, peaking just before ovulation, when she's most fertile. Now, two German psychologists find that women don more-provocative clothing during the five days before ovulation, when sex is on the brain. The psychologists asked 40 women to evaluate their own attractiveness and clothing style over the course of a month. Each day, the women noted whether they thought their clothing choice was "sexy," "figure-hugging," or "permissive" and took snapshots of themselves. Although they didn't report feeling more or less attractive in a cyclic pattern, the women did rate themselves as more provocatively dressed during their "high fertile phases." The opposite sex seemed to agree: when instructed to peruse the photographs the women had taken, men found them both more provocatively dressed and more attractive during the days before ovulation—suggesting that the partners the women hoped to attract (consciously or not) would have read their signals.
—"Self-Perceived and Observed Variations in Women's Attractiveness Throughout the Menstrual Cycle—A Diary Study," Sascha Schwarz and Manfred Hassebrauck, Evolution and Human Behavior


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\section{Introduction}
\label{}

Solitons are non-dissipative objects which occur in many physical models.  In many works, solitonic waves have been found from an integrable system by solving the equations directly. In the other direction, a few studies have constructed many-body systems, and even integrable systems, from soliton objects. Since solitons can be approximated by quasi particles from a dynamical point of view, one can in principle construct integrable models from solitons. This work aims to construct the Toda lattice from the kink lattice.

The interaction between kink and anti-kink is important for scattering processes. Manton proposed an analytical method to calculate such a static force  \citep{Manton:1979,Manton:2004tk,Vachaspati:2006zz}, and found that the force is universal for many scalar field models in 1+1 dimensional field theory. In Manton's work, only the leading order interactions between the kink pair are considered. Recently, we studied the interaction up to second order, and found it to be universal for $\varphi^{4}$, $\varphi^{6}$ and $\varphi^{8}$ models \citep{He:2016}. In this work, we aim to investigate the static force with infinite order corrections. We study the $\varphi^{4}$ theory as an illustration. The coefficients for each order are determined. We find that the dynamics of excitations around the vacuum  determine the interaction pattern. The interaction between the kink pair may play an important role in kink collision phenomena, especially to explain the escape window and the bounce resonance \citep{Moshir:1981,Campbell:1983,Dorey:2011yw,Gani:2014gxa,Gani:2015cda}.

The Toda lattice is one of the most representative and fundamental types of finite dimension Hamiltonian integrable systems \citep{Toda:1967}.
Its integrability was established by Flaschka, Henon and Manakov \citep{ Flaschka:1974,Henon:1974,Manakov:1974}. In our research, the form of the kink lattice Hamiltonian is very similar to the Toda lattice Hamiltonian. Looking only at the leading order interaction, the kink lattice is exactly the same as the Toda lattice. When higher order interactions are included, the kink lattice turns out to be a special deformed Toda lattice. Sawada and Kotera proved that the Toda lattice potential is a unique integrable potential of H\'{e}non type \citep{Sawada:1976}. Higher order terms will therefore break the integrability of the kink lattice.
A kink lattice with higher order corrections become a near or quasi integrable system \citep{Gignoux:2009,Ferreira:2010gh,Ferreira:2016ubj}. We show such near integrability in terms of the Flaschka variables. The ``Lax pair"  has been constructed for the kink lattice and the generalized deformed Toda lattice. This ``Lax pair" can represent the integrable Lax pair of the Toda lattice, and can show how the higher order interactions break the integrability.  We find some non-trivial algebraic relations for the Flaschka variables. Several cases are discussed to show the rich physics of the kink lattice.
The paper is organized as follows. We construct the kink lattice in Section 2.
 Many aspects of the kink lattice are discussed in Section 3. Discussion and conclusions are given in the last section.

\section{The kink lattice \label{KL}}

To construct the kink lattice, we use the $\varphi^4$ kink for illustration. The $1+1$ dimension Lagrangian for $\varphi^4$ theory  reads
\begin{align} \label{BL}
{\cal L}= & \frac{1}{2} \p_{\mu}\varphi \p^{\mu} \varphi - \lambda(\varphi^2-v^2)^2 ,
\end{align}
where $\mu=0,1$ and $\lambda$ is the coupling constant. The Euler-Lagrange equation is written as
\beq \label{EL}
\ddot{\varphi}-\varphi''+ \frac{d V}{d \varphi}=0.
\eeq
The soliton exists in a static condition, and the energy of the system is given by
\beq
E=\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}(\frac{1}{2} \varphi'^2 \pm V(\phi)) d x \geq \mp \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \sqrt{2V(\varphi)} d \varphi,
\eeq
where the equals sign stands for the Bogomol'nyi bound. The BPS equation for the kink is written as
\beq \label{bps}
\varphi'=\pm\sqrt{2V(\varphi)} .
\eeq
The kink solution must interpolate between $v$ and $-v$. Here, we define $(\varphi_{-\infty}, \varphi_{\infty})=(-v, v)$ as the kink, and  $(v, -v)$ as the antikink. The kink solution can be written as
\beq
\varphi(x)= v \tanh \left[ \sqrt{2\lambda} v(x-x_0) \right],
\eeq
where $x_0$ denotes the position of the kink. The antikink solution  can be obtained by replacing $x$ with $-x$.

 The momentum of the system is written as \footnote{The  momentum tensor is defined as $T_{\mu \nu}=\frac{\delta {\cal L}}{\delta \partial \mu \phi} \partial_{\nu}\phi-g_{\mu \nu} {\cal L}$.}
\beq
P= -T_{01}= - \int_{-\infty}^b \dot{\varphi} \varphi' d x.
\eeq
Here we consider the generic case rather than the static case. The classical force is then derived by
\beq \label{eq:force}
F=\frac{dP}{dt}=\left[-\frac{1}{2}(\dot{\varphi}^2 +\varphi'^2 )+ V(\varphi) \right]_{-\infty}^b,
\eeq
which is also valid  for the  motion of the field. We have not considered the static kink solution up to this step.

Now we consider the static interaction between the kink $\varphi_1$ and the antikink $\varphi_2$, whose positions are $x_{01}$ and $x_{02}$ respectively.
$\varphi_1$ and $\varphi_2$ are written as
\begin{align} \label{kak}
\varphi_1= &v\tanh[\sqrt{2 \lambda} v(x-x_{01})], \nonumber \\
\varphi_2=&v\tanh[-\sqrt{2 \lambda} v(x-x_{02})].
\end{align}
We set $R= x_{02}-x_{01}> 0$ to be large but not infinite.
The kink and antikink pair configuration is represented by
\beq  \label{varphi}
\varphi=\varphi_1+\varphi_2-v,
\eeq
 where $v$ is the vacuum at the center of the pair. Now $\varphi$ is independent of time. One can omit the first term in Eq.~(\ref{eq:force}).
At $-\infty$, both $\varphi_1$ and $\varphi_2$ approach the vacuum, and their derivatives are zero. So, the force is related only to the pressure at $b$.
We also set $b$ to be the center of the pair, i.e., $b = \frac{1}{2}(x_{01}+x_{02})$.

 At  point $b$, both $\varphi_1$ and $\varphi_2$ approach the vacuum $v$. One can set
\beq \label{phi12}
\varphi_1 \equiv v + \chi_1, \qquad \varphi_2  \equiv v +\chi_2,
\eeq
where $\chi_{1,2}$ denotes the perturbation field around the vacuum. The potential $V(\varphi)$ can be expanded around the vacuum $v$ as a power series of the perturbation $\chi$\citep{Manton:1979}, i.e.,
\beq \label{V}
V(v +\chi)= \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n!} V_{(n)} \chi^{n},
\eeq
where $V_{(n)}=\frac{d^n V }{d^n \varphi}|_{\varphi=v}$. Equation~(\ref{EL}) indicates that $\chi$ satisfies the following equation:
\beq \label{CE}
\frac{d^2 \chi}{ dx^2} -\tilde{m}^2 \chi =\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n!} V_{(n+1)} \chi^n,
\eeq
where $\tilde{m}= 2\sqrt{2\lambda} v$ is the mass of $\varphi$. Near the vacuum, $\chi$ can be expanded as
\beq \label{chitt}
\chi(x)=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} a_k \exp (-k\tilde{m}|x-x_0|).
\eeq
$a_1$ take arbitrary values, and other coefficients can be determined subsequently as
\beq \label{a1a2a3}
a_1, \, a_2=a_1^2 \frac{V_{(3)}}{6 \tilde{m}^2}, \, a_3=a_1^3\left(\frac{V_{(3)}^2}{48\tilde{m}^4}+ \frac{V_{(4)}}{48\tilde{m}^2} \right), \ldots
\eeq
For $a_1=-2v$, it can be verified from Eq~(\ref{a1a2a3}) that $a_2=2v$, $a_3=-2v$, etc. The kink solution enables us to expand $\varphi$ field by Taylor expansion.  One can obtain the expression for $\chi_{1,2}$ from Eq.~(\ref{kak}), i.e.,
\begin{align}  \label{chi12}
\chi_1=&2v \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} (-1)^k e^{-k\tilde{m}(x-x_{01})}, \nonumber \\
 \chi_2=&2v \sum_{k'=1}^{\infty} (-1)^{k'}e^{k'\tilde{m}(x-x_{02})}.
\end{align}
Here we expand the field near the vacuum $v$ at point $b$, where  $\chi_1$ is equal to $\chi_2=2v \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} (-1)^k e^{-k\tilde{m}R/2}$.  Comparing Eq.~(\ref{chitt}) and Eq.~(\ref{chi12}), $\chi$ is equal to either $\chi_1$ or $\chi_2$.  This proves that the coefficients of the Taylor expansion are indeed the solutions of Eq.~(\ref{CE}). The agreement between these two theories is not a coincidence, since the static field equation (\ref{CE}) is just the spatial derivation of the BPS equation (\ref{bps}) for $1+1$ dimensional scalar theory.
Since the static field equation is a second differential, $a_1$ are arbitrary. However, if we consider the first differential BPS equation, $a_1$ can be determined uniquely at the boundary.
The $\chi$ field denotes the perturbation around the vacuum in the theory. The argument here indicates that the static kink configuration can be used to study the dynamics of excitations classically.

Now we consider the static force between the kink and antikink in Eq.~(\ref{eq:force}). The first time-differential term can be ignored for the static condition. Then, the force can be calculated by substituting Eq.~(\ref{varphi}) and Eq.~(\ref{phi12}) into Eq.~(\ref{eq:force}), i.e.,
\beq \label{FT}
F=-\frac{1}{2}(\chi_1'+\chi_2')^2+\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{V_{(n)}}{n!}(\chi_1+\chi_2)^n.
\eeq
For the $\varphi^4$ potential, $V$ can only be expanded up to the fourth derivation $V_{(4)}$.
Substituting the expression for $\chi_{1,2}$, one obtains the results
\beq \label{FS}
F=8\tilde{m}^2 v^2 \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \alpha_n e^{-\frac{n+1}{2}\tilde{m}R},
\eeq
where $\alpha_n=-\frac{(-1)^n}{3}(n+2n^3)$. In Eq.~(\ref{FS}), the first term disappears since $\chi_1'+\chi_2'=0$ at point $x=b$. Thus, the force originates completely from the potential term. The sign of each order correction is against the next order, which indicates an alternative attractive or repulsive force. The force in Eq.~(\ref{FS}) includes all orders of corrections. It has been stated that the force should be universal for all species of kink and antikink interaction in one dimension~\citep{Manton:1979}, which needs to be verified for the $\varphi^6$, $\varphi^8$ and sine-Gordon theories.
It is well-known  that there are no interactions between BPS solitons. The analytical method to obtain the static force between kink and anti-kink here considers the point $b$, at which the kink and anti-kink are actually non-BPS. The perturbation around the vacuum represents the non-BPS excitation mode
in the background of kink and anti-kink. These modes actually affect the soliton scattering. Therefore, the analytical method here can be generalized to study other kinds of soliton interactions.

With the normalization $\lambda=1$ and $v=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}$, one can write out the interaction energy according to $F=dU/dR$. The potential $U$ is given by
\beq
U=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\beta_n e^{-\frac{n+1}{2}R}
\eeq
where $\beta_n=(-1)^n \frac{2(n+2n^3)}{3(n+1)}$.
One can construct the kink lattice along one line with kink and antikink alternating.  The $i-$th kink or antikink experiences the following force
\beq
\frac{dp_i}{dt}=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \alpha_n\left[-e^{-\frac{n+1}{2}(q_{i-1}-q_{i})}+e^{-\frac{n+1}{2}(q_{i}-q_{i+1})}\right]
\eeq
Thus, the kink lattice becomes a kind of  deformed Toda lattice\footnote{Here, the deformed Toda lattice has the same Lagrangian as the kink lattice. The generic Toda lattice in this work refers to  the deformed Toda lattice with generalized coupling coefficients. }. In this way, we have constructed the integrable system from the soliton section directly. The  deformed Toda lattice system produced has not previously been studied, to our knowledge.

The Hamiltonian for the kink lattice can be given by the kink momentum and potential directly. For the nonperiodic (open)  kink lattice, the Hamiltonian is written as
\beq \label{HNP}
H=\sum_{i=1}^{N}\frac{1}{2}p_i^2 +\sum_{i=1}^{N-1}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left( \beta_n e^{-\frac{1+n}{2}(q_i-q_{i+1})}\right),
\eeq
where $N$ is the number of lattice sites. For the periodic (closed) case, the Hamiltonian is given by
\beq  \label{HP}
H=\sum_{i=1}^{N}\frac{1}{2}p_i^2 +\sum_{i=1}^{N}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left( \beta_n e^{-\frac{1+n}{2}(q_i-q_{i+1})}\right), \, q_{N+1}=q_1.
\eeq
In the kink lattice, the periodic condition means to glue the right arm of the $N$th kink to the left arm of the first kink. The vacua must be correctly connected by the kink and antikink. Therefore, $N$ should be an even integer for the periodic kink lattice. However, there is no such constraint for the periodic deformed Toda lattice, $N$ can be any integer.  We will consider the integrability of the kink lattice in the following.

\section{Near integrability \label{AKL}}

Although we have obtained the Hamiltonian of the kink lattice, its integrability needs to be verified.
The Lax pair representation of the system is essential to prove the integrability classically. Flaschka's transformation enables us to give the Lax pair \citep{Flaschka:1974}. Instead of variables $p_i$ and $q_i$, we set new variables to describe the system. For the open Toda lattice, one can set
\begin{align}
a_i\equiv &\sqrt{\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left( \beta_n e^{-\frac{1+n}{2}(q_i-q_{i+1})}\right)}, \, i=1, \ldots, N-1 \\
b_i\equiv &p_i.
\end{align}
 In terms of $a_i$ and $b_i$, the Hamiltonian of the open Toda is written as
\beq
H=\frac{1}{2}\sum_{i=1}^{N}b_i^2+ \sum_{i=1}^{N-1}a_i^2.
\eeq
The Lax pair satisfies $\dot{L}=[M,L]$, which are assumed to have the forms
\begin{align} \label{LGT}
L=&\left(\begin{array}{ccccc}
b_1 & a_1 & 0 & \ldots & 0 \\
a_1 & b_2 & a_2 &  & \vdots \\
0 & a_2 & b_3 & \ddots & \vdots \\
\vdots &  & \ddots & \ddots & a_{N-1} \\
0 & \ldots & \ldots & a_{N-1} & b_N \\
\end{array}
\right), \nonumber \\
M=&\left(\begin{array}{ccccc}
0 & -c_1 & 0 & \ldots & 0 \\
c_1 & 0 & -c_2 &  & \vdots \\
0 & c_2 & 0 & \ddots & \vdots \\
\vdots &  & \ddots & 0 & -c_{N-1} \\
0 & \ldots & \ldots & c_{N-1} & 0 \\
\end{array}
\right).
\end{align}
Here $c_i$ are unknown parameters. The evolution of $L$ leads to the equations for $c_i$, i.e.,
\begin{align} \label{solution}
\dot{a_i}=&c_i(b_i-b_{i+1}), \qquad i=1,\cdots,N-1 \\
\dot{b}_1=&-2c_1a_1, \\
\dot{b_i}=&2(c_{i-1}a_{i-1}-c_ia_i), \qquad i=2, \cdots, N-1 \\
\dot{b}_N=&2a_{N-1}c_{N-1}. \label{LS}
\end{align}
The kink lattice system goes back to the Toda system if we only keep the leading $n=1$ term of the potential. In the Toda theory, the solution for $c_i$ is simply written as
\beq
c_i= \frac{\p a_i}{\p q_i}.
\eeq
The Hamiltonian equations of motion of $a_i$ and $b_i$ read
\beq
\dot{a}_i=c_i(b_i-b_{i+1}), \qquad \dot{b}_i= 2c_i(a_{i-1}-a_i).
\eeq
The Hamiltonian equations of motion for $q_i$ and $p_i$ agree with  Eqs.~(\ref{solution}) to (\ref{LS}).
The Poisson bracketss of $a_i$ and $b_i$ are given by
\beq
\{a_i, b_i\}=c_i, \qquad \{a_i, b_{i+1}\}=-c_i, \qquad  i\leq N-1
\eeq
We find that the $(i,i+2)$ component of $[M,L]$ is
\beq a_i c_{i+1}-a_{i+1}c_{i}, \label{constraint}
\eeq which is not zero in general. Thus, the validity of the Lax pair needs the constraint that $a_i c_{i+1}=a_{i+1}c_{i}$.
If one finds a solution for $c_i$ which satisfies the equations of motion in Eq.~(\ref{solution}) and the constraint $a_i c_{i+1}=a_{i+1}c_{i}$, we can claim that the system is integrable. Otherwise, the system is not integrable.

 Flaschka's form indicates that the kink lattice has a generic algebraic structure in the dynamics.
In the kink lattice, $\beta_n$ is determined by $\alpha_n$. The coefficients can be generalized without hindering the equations of motion (in terms of $a_i,b_j$ and $c_k$).  The integer and half integer index in the exponential term can be generalized to an arbitrary real number. However, the physical system should have finite energy, which puts strong constraints on the coefficients. The Hamiltonian of the proposed  most generic open Toda lattice is given by
\beq \label{IHT}
H=\frac{1}{2}\sum_{i=1}^{N}p_i^2+\sum_{i=1}^{N-1}\sum_{n=1}^{\tilde{N}} \beta_n e^{-k_n(q_i-q_{i+1})}.
\eeq
where $k_n$ is positive. $\tilde{N}$ can be infinite when the summation of all terms is convergent. Then, the algorithm of the Flashcka transformation repeats the Lax pair representation as above, setting
\beq
a_i \equiv \sqrt{\sum_{n=1}^{\tilde{N}} \beta_n e^{-k_n(q_i-q_{i+1})}}, \qquad b_i\equiv p_i.
\eeq
The Lax representation does not change for this new deformed Toda lattice.
Flaschka's variables enable us to discuss the integrability of several special cases.

\subsection{Case studies}
First, if we keep only the leading order interaction in the kink lattice, the theory goes back to the Toda theory exactly. The constraint in Eq.~(\ref{constraint}) is satisfied automatically, since
\beq
c_i=-\frac{1}{2}a_i.
\eeq
This shows that the  Toda lattice is integrable, which is a well known result.
The integrals of the motion can be obtained by
\beq \label{HK}
H_k= \frac{1}{k}{\rm Tr} L^k , \quad k=1,2, \cdots, N
\eeq
The first invariant $H_1$ gives the conservation of the momentum. The second invariant $H_2=\frac{1}{2}{\rm Tr}L^2$ is the Hamiltonian. The invariants also satisfy the relation $\{H_i, H_j\}=0$.

Secondly, if we keep only the leading interaction in the generic Toda lattice in Eq.~(\ref{IHT}), the Hamiltonian in Eq.~(\ref{IHT}) becomes
\beq
H=\frac{1}{2}\sum_{i=1}^{N}p_i^2+\sum_{i=1}^{N-1} \beta_{i} e^{-k_i(q_i-q_{i+1})}.
\eeq
which is the Hamiltonian of the inhomogeneous Toda theory. One can check that
\beq \label{IHD}
a_i c_{i+1} -c_i a_{i+1}=\frac{1}{2}a_ia_{i+1}\left( k_i-k_{i+1}\right) \neq  0,
\eeq
which is not zero. Thus, the inhomogeneous Toda lattice is not integrable. Physically, the different couplings between different sites break the integrability. We give the $N=3$ case for illustration.
According to the definition in Eq.~(\ref{HK}), the three variables $H_1,H_2$ and $H_3$ are given by
\begin{align}
H_1=&b_1+b_2+b_3, \\
H_2=&\frac{1}{2} (b_1^2+b_2^2 +b_3^2)+a_1^2 +a_2^2, \\
H_3=&\frac{1}{3}(b_1^3+b_2^3 +b_3^3)+(b_1+b_2)a_1^2+(b_2+b_3)a_2^3.
\end{align}
The Poisson brackets between them are given by
\begin{align}
\{H_1,H_2\}=&0, \\
 \{H_1,H_3\}=&0, \\
  \{H_2,H_3\}=&(k_2-k_1)a_1^2a_2^2.
\end{align}
These relations show that the system has momentum and energy conservation, but we do not have the third integral of motion. $H_3$ is not a conserved integral of motion. The evolution of $H_3$ is corrected by the difference of the couplings. The
 inhomogeneous Toda is not an integral system.

Thirdly, for the case with only two sites, i.e. $N=2$, the deformed Toda theory with high order exponential terms is exact integrable, since there are no constraint conditions any more. For the same reason, the two-site kink lattice is integrable. For a two-site system, we only need two integrals of motion to manifest the integrability. The dynamics of the Lax pair  agrees with the Hamiltonian equations of motion, which are given by
\begin{align} \label{L11S}
\dot{a}_1= c_1 (b_2-b_1),\quad \dot{b}_1=2a_1c_1, \quad \dot{b}_2=-2 a_1c_1.
\end{align}
One can construct two integrals of motion, which are the momentum and the energy of the system.

 A system with $N$ degrees of freedom is super-integrable if it has $2N-1$ independent constants of motion. We can further ask whether the system we are considering is super-integrable \citep{Agrotis:2006}.
Moser proposed to make use of new variables ($\lambda_i, r_i$) to replace the variables ($a_i,b_i$). The function $f(\lambda)$ is defined as:
 \beq  \label{fLambda}
 f(\lambda)=\frac{1}{\lambda -b_2 -\frac{a_1^2}{\lambda -b_1}}.
  \eeq
$f(\lambda)$ can be expanded in a series of powers of $1/\lambda$, i.e.,
\beq
f(\lambda)=\sum_{j=0}^{\infty} \frac{c_j}{\lambda^{j+1}},
\eeq
where $c_j=\sum_{i=1}^{N}r_i^2\lambda_i^j/\sum_{i=1}^N r_i^2$. The corresponding relations between $a_1, b_i$ and $\lambda_1, r_i$ are given by
\begin{align}
a_1^2=&\frac{r_1^2r_2^2(\lambda_2-\lambda_1)^2}{(r_1^2+r_2^2)^2}, \\
b_1=&\frac{r_1^2\lambda_2+r_2^2\lambda_1}{r_1^2+r_2^2}, \\
b_2=&\frac{r_1^2\lambda_1+r_2^2\lambda_2}{r_1^2+r_2^2}.
\end{align}
The equations of motion for  $\lambda_i$  and $r_i$ are
\begin{align}
\dot{\lambda}_i=&0, \\
\dot{r}_i=&-\lambda_i r_i.
\end{align}
This agrees with the Lax pair representation, i.e.,
\begin{align}
L=\left(\begin{array}{cc}
b_1 & a_1 \\
a_1 & b_2
\end{array}\right),
\qquad
M=\left(\begin{array}{cc}
0 & a_1 \\
-a_1 & 0
\end{array}\right).
\end{align}
However, such a Lax pair representation does not agree with the Hamiltonian equations of motion of the deformed Toda, see Eq.~(\ref{L11S}). One has $a_1\neq c_1$. This probably indicates that the deformed Toda is integrable but not super-integrable. In order to prove super-integrability, one needs to represent $c_1$ with $\lambda_i$ and $r_i$, which has not yet been solved.

Fourth, for the $N\geq3$ case, there  is no solution of $c_i$ which satisfies the equations of motion and the constraint simultaneously. For instance, for the $N=3$ case, $c_1$ and $c_2$ are unknown. There are no self-consistent solutions, or, equally, the equation of motion conflicts with the constraint.  The components $(c_i a_{i+1}-a_i c_{i+1})$ are higher order interaction corrections. One can decompose the Hamiltonian in Eq.~(\ref{HNP}) as
\beq
H(q,p)=H_{0}(q,p)+V(q,p),
\eeq
where $H_0$ represents the Hamiltonian for the Toda lattice, and
\[ V(q,p)=\sum_{i=1}^{N-1}\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \beta_n e^{-\frac{1+n}{2}(q_i-q_{i+1})} \]
denotes the higher order interactions, which can be considered as the perturbation part.
This indicates that the kink lattice is not exactly but ``near" integrable. One can use the canonical perturbation method to study its dynamics \citep{Gignoux:2009}. The ``near" integrable system interpolates between the integrable system and the chaotic system. The kink lattice offers a nice toy model for such a near integrable system. Recently, Ferreira et al. have used the parameter expansion method to study the sine-Gordon kink model for the breathers and wobbles phenomena \citep{ Ferreira:2010gh,Ferreira:2016ubj}. Our exact analytical results for the kink interaction here can also be  used to study such phenomena.
\subsection{Higher Hamiltionians}
For the ordinary Toda lattice, one can construct the higher Hamiltonians by taking the trace of many powers of the Lax matrix, which are all integrable.  The Hamiltonian of the Toda lattice system is given by
\beq
H=\frac{1}{2} {\rm Tr} (L^2).
\eeq
One can construct the systems with higher Hamiltonians as
\beq
H_k=\frac{1}{k} {\rm Tr} (L^{k}),
\eeq
where $k$ is an integer larger than 2.  If $L$ represents the ordinary Toda, then all the systems with higher Hamiltonians are integrable.
For each $k$, one can have a Lax representation, i.e.,
\beq
\dot{L}=[M_k,L],
\eeq
where $M_k$ is a skew-symmetric matrix.

In the following, we will present the higher Hamiltonians for the deformed Toda lattice, which are near integrable systems.
If $L$ represents the deformed Toda lattice in Eq.~(\ref{LGT}), one can also construct the higher Hamiltonian for the generalized Toda lattice. Similar to the generic Toda, systems with higher Hamiltonians are not integrable, but they are near integrable. We find a ``Lax representation" for these near integrable systems. For instance, we consider the $H_3=\frac{1}{3}{\rm Tr}L^3$ system. The $M_3$ matrix can be given by
\beq
M_3= \left(\begin{array}{ccccccc}
0 & \zeta_1   &\eta_1  & 0 & \cdots& \cdots& 0 \\
 -\zeta_1 & 0   & \zeta_2 & \eta_2 & \cdots &\cdots&0\\
 -\eta_1&  -\zeta_2 &0 & \zeta_3 & \ddots &\cdots& 0 \\
  \vdots & \ddots & \ddots & \ddots& \ddots & & \vdots \\
 \vdots &  & \ddots &\ddots& \ddots & \zeta_{n-2} &\eta_{n-2}\\
\vdots &  & & \ddots& -\zeta_{n-2}& 0&\zeta_{n-1}\\
0 & 0&0& \cdots & -\eta_{n-2} & -\zeta_{n-1} & 0\\
\end{array}
\right).
\eeq
 The components are given by
 \begin{align}
 \zeta_i&= c_i(b_i+b_{i+1}),& \qquad k&=1, \ldots, n-1 \\
 \eta_i&= c_ia_{i+1}.&\qquad k&=1, \ldots, n-2
 \end{align}
The Lax representation leads to the  equations of motion, which  are given by
\begin{align}
\dot{a}_i = &-a_{i-1} c_{i-1}a_i + c_i(a_{i+1}^2-b_{i}^2+b_{i+1}^2),\,\nonumber \\
&{\rm for} \qquad k=1, \ldots, n-1 \\
\dot{b}_i =& - 2a_{i-1}c_{i-1} (b_{i-1}+b_i)+2a_ic_i(b_i+b_{i+1}),\nonumber \\
&{\rm for}  \qquad k=1, \ldots, n
 \end{align}
where one also sets $a_0=a_{n}=c_n=b_0=b_{n+1}=0$. Besides that, other non-zero components in the $[M_k,L]$ matrix are proportional to ($a_{i}c_{i+1}-a_{i+1}c_{i}$). We take the $n=4$ case for illustration. One obtains that
\begin{align}
[M_3,L]_{13}&=(b_2+b_3) (a_2 c_1-a_1c_2), \\
[M_3,L]_{14}&=a_3 (a_2 c_1-a_1 c_2), \\
[M_3,L]_{24}&=(b_3 + b_4) (a_3 c_2 - a_2 c_3).
\end{align}
The subscripts $13$, $14$ and $24$ denote the matrix components. One concludes that these new higher Hamiltonian systems are still near integrable systems. For the ordinary Toda case, $a_i \propto c_i$, all these terms disappear. Thus, the Hamiltonian of the kink lattice is near integrable, and the higher Hamiltonians of the kink lattice are still near integrable systems.

\subsection{The closed case}

For representation of the closed Toda lattice,  one can repeat the technique with the generalized Hamiltonian in Eq.~(\ref{HP}). Assume that the system is integrable. The Lax formula can be constructed as \citep{Babelon:2003,He:2016}
\begin{align}
L=&\left(\begin{array}{ccccc}
b_1 & a_1 & 0 & \ldots & \lambda^{-1} a_{N} \\
a_1 & b_2 & a_2 &  & \vdots \\
0 & a_2 & b_3 & \ddots & \vdots \\
\vdots &  & \ddots & \ddots & a_{N-1} \\
\lambda a_{N} & \ldots & \ldots & a_{N-1} & b_N \\
\end{array}
\right),
\end{align}
where $a_N=\sqrt{\sum_{n=1}^{\tilde{N}}\left( \beta_n e^{-k_n(q_N-q_{1})}\right)}$, and $\lambda$ is the spectral parameter. The $M$ matrix is given by \citep{Babelon:2003}
\beq
M=\left(\begin{array}{ccccc}
0 & -c_1 & 0 & \ldots &  \lambda^{-1} c_N\\
c_1 & 0 & -c_2 &  & \vdots \\
0 & c_2 & 0 & \ddots & \vdots \\
\vdots &  & \ddots & 0 & -c_{N-1} \\
-\lambda c_N & \ldots & \ldots & c_{N-1} & 0 \\
\end{array}
\right).
\eeq
The periodic condition is given by $q_{N+i}=q_i$. We list the equations of motion for several cases in the following.

For the $N=2$ case, the system is integrable. The Hamiltonian is given by
\beq
H=\frac{1}{2}(b_1^2+b_2^2) +a_1^2.
\eeq
The equation of motion is given by
\begin{align}
\dot{a}_1=&\frac{c_1}{\lambda}(b_2-b_1)=\lambda c_1(b_2-b_1), \nonumber \\
 \dot{b}_1=&a_1c_1 (\frac{1}{\lambda}+\lambda)=-\dot{b}_2.
\end{align}
$\lambda$ is equal to $\pm1$ for consistency. Thus, the spectral curve reduces to the two-point trivial case. The two integrals of motion denote the total momentum and energy conservation, respectively.

For the $N=3$ case, one obtains the equations of motion
\begin{align}
\dot{b}_i=& 2(a_{i-1}c_{i-1}-a_ic_i), \\
\dot{a}_1=& {c_i} ({b_i} - {b_{i+1}})  -\frac{ 1}{\lambda}({a_{i-1}}  {c_{i+1}}-{a_{i+1}}  {c_{i-1}}) \nonumber \\
          =& {c_i} ({b_i} - {b_{i+1}}) - \lambda({a_{i-1}}  {c_{i+1}}-{a_{i+1}}  {c_{i-1}} ),
\end{align}
where $i=1,2,3$. Here we have considered the periodic conditions. The constraint term $a_ic_{i+1} -c_i a_{i+1}$ appears. For the ordinary periodic Toda, these constraints disappear.  The non-zero constraint  will involve $\lambda$ in the equations of motion. Also,
the consistence requires $\lambda=\pm1$. Thus, the higher order perturbation term  will trivialize the spectral curve. From this evidence, the higher Hamiltonian systems of the deformed Toda lattice are near or quasi integrable systems \citep{Gignoux:2009,Ferreira:2010gh}.

\section{Discussion and Conclusions}
In this paper, we have calculated the effective potential of a kink and anti-kink pair at large separation. The assumption of large distance is essential for Manton's method. The resulting potential contains infinite order corrections of the exponential type. All coefficients for these orders are obtained exactly. Such an effective potential may play an important role in the kink antikink collision test. Many studies have been done to investigate kink scattering by the numerical method \citep{Moshir:1981,Campbell:1983,Dorey:2011yw,Gani:2014gxa,Gani:2015cda}. \citet{Moshir:1981} first studied kink and antikink scattering by solving the relativistic $\varphi^4$ theory. They found a threshold escape velocity of $0.2594$. Below this value, there are also escape windows for the solitons to scatter off after two oscillations. \citet{Campbell:1983} further indicated that the escape windows are related to the orbital frequency of the bound kink-antikink pair and the oscillation field localized in the pair center. The effective theory obtained in this work can be used to study these phenomena, since the perturbation field around the vacuum plays the role of the oscillation field in Campbell et al.'s work. The effective theory from Manton's method may help to explain the escape window more physically, since the higher order corrections in the potential are most related to the frequency and radiation of the soliton scattering.  We observed that the fluctuation of the $\varphi^4$ theory around the vacuum satisfies a second  differential equation, and its solution agrees with the BPS equation. This phenomenon helps us to calculate the quantum theory from the topological section. If we consider the theory in one time and zero space dimensions, the Lagrangian in Eq.~(\ref{BL}) will become an anharmonic oscillator with a double well potential theory \citep{Gildener:1977sm}.  The kink solution here will become the instanton solution. Our effective potential of the kink and antikink can help to study the instanton and anti-instanton contribution to the kernel.  It can be expected that discrete energy levels for the anharmonic oscillator are related to the instanton configurations.
Manton's method here can also be used to study kink dynamics in other theories, for instance the kink solutions (which are confined monopoles on the vortex string) in SQCD theories \citep{Shifman:2004dr,Eto:2011cv,AlonsoIzquierdo:2008rk}. Several articles have studied the dynamics of such kinks \citep{Arai:2014hda,Harland:2009mf,Tong:2003ik}. It was found that the potential for kink interactions has a similar exponential pattern. The procedure here to calculate the high order potentials and construct the kink lattice can also be applied to the massive sigma model. One can expect that these confined monopoles form a near integrable system. All these predictions should be tested in the future.

The kink can be considered as a pseudoparticle, whose dynamics shows rich structure. We have presented the effective total Hamiltonian for the kink lattice, and generalized the kink lattice to the generic deformed Toda lattice. Keeping only the leading order potential, the kink lattice is exactly the Toda lattice, which is integrable. If higher order terms are included, the kink lattice and the deformed Toda lattice are near integrable, except for the two sites case. In terms of Flaschka's variables, we studied the Lax representation of the kink lattice. Although the potential has infinite correction terms, the Lax equation shows a simple algebraic structure. The integrability is broken by the higher order corrections. This shows that the kink lattice is a near integrable system. It has been stated that the Toda potential is the unique potential for integrability \citep{Sawada:1976}, but this theorem indicates that the inclusion of higher order corrections will break the integrability. We found that the two-site kink lattice is integrable, which is mostly related to the breather phenomenon of the kink and antikink. The two-site kink lattice is most probably not super-integrable, i.e., there are no $2N-1$ integrals for the kink lattice, and further study is needed to verify this point. The higher Hamiltonians for the kink lattice were constructed, and they are all near integrable systems. The evolution of near integrable systems is also interesting, since they will evolve from integrable to chaotic systems.
The kink lattice is a nice model for studies of near integrable systems.

\vskip 0.5cm
{\bf Acknowledgement}
\vskip 0.2cm
We are grateful to Toshiaki Fujimori, Muneto Nitta, and Kesukei Ohashi for useful conversations and correspondence.  The work of Y. G. Jiang is supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No.ZR2014AQ007) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11403015 and U1531105). S. He is supported by Max-Planck fellowship in Germany and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11305235).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Q: How to know if the incoming data is equal to the last row, first column of a CSV file I'm reading some QR codes on Raspberry Pi, and I'm writing that data on a CSV file, but the problem is, when the data is received, it gets spammed in the CSV file, by that I mean that as soon as the QR code gets detected, it will keep writing the data on the CSV as long as the QR is being shown to the Cam, and I want that data to be written only once.
The CSV file contains only a header that says "Orders:".
I'm writing inside that CSV, the data, date, and time, each in a column
What I thought of, and tried to do but didn't work, is to check whether the data is equal to the first column of the last row of the CSV file, if so then pass, else write the data, as follows:
import csv
import cv2

cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
detector = cv2.QRCodeDetector()

from datetime import date, datetime

today = date.today()
date = today.strftime("%d-%b-%Y")

now = datetime.now()
timeRN = now.strftime("%H:%M:%S")

while True:

  _, img = cap.read()
    data, bbox, _ = detector.detectAndDecode(img)

    if(bbox is not None):
        for i in range(len(bbox)):
            cv2.line(img, tuple(bbox[i][0]), tuple(bbox[(i+1) % len(bbox)][0]), color=(255,
                     0, 0), thickness=2)
        cv2.putText(img, data, (int(bbox[0][0][0]), int(bbox[0][0][1]) - 10), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
                    1, (255, 250, 120), 2)

    if 'OrderNr' in data:
        with open('Orders.csv', mode='a+') as csvfile:

            csvfileWriter = csv.writer(csvfile, delimiter=',', quotechar='"', quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL)
            reader = readline()[-1]
            lastRow = reader[-1]
            firstColumn = reader[1]
            if data in firstColumn:
                pass
            else:
                csvfileWriter.writerow([data, date, timeRN])
        a, b, c, d = data.split(',')
        print("data: ", a)
        print(b)
        print(c)
        print(d)
        lcd_print(a, b, c, d)   #just a method to print on LCD
        pass

When I try this, what i get is
lastRow = reader[-1]
IndexError: string index out of range

What am I doing wrong here? and is the way I'm doing it wrong? If yes, then is there any other way or simpler way to do what I'm trying to do?
EDIT: Code Edited

A: You can keep a variable that always holds the latest data. If the newly read data is equal to that, you ignore it and write to the file otherwise.
The relevant code changes are below.
....

latest = None

while True:

  _, img = cap.read()
    data, bbox, _ = detector.detectAndDecode(img)

    ....

    if 'OrderNr' in data:
        with open('Orders.csv', mode='a+') as csvfile:

            csvfileWriter = csv.writer(csvfile, delimiter=',', quotechar='"', quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL)

            if data != latest:
                csvfileWriter.writerow([data, date, timeRN])
                latest = data

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A Republican Congressman on Friday introduced a bill that would give Congress the power to approve TransCanada Corp's Keystone XL pipeline and said he hopes to have the bill ready for a vote by the House of Representatives by the end of May.
"Our intent is to bring it to the House floor prior to Memorial Day,'' said Michigan Rep. Ted Upton.
The House bill would be a companion to a bipartisan version introduced in the U.S. Senate on Thursday.


I love the wire work on the circular piece. Great design!
First thank you again for inviting me to be a part of the Creative Continuum of Seven Artist I am having a wonderful time so far. I love the In The Woods necklace and do not blame you at all for wearing it often it is beautiful ( I have Cindy's book it is wonderful ) I am looking forward to seeing the heart necklace and bracelet finished and my vote is for Ancient Times. Oh and I love the earrings too.
Alicia~that wooden ring with the wire!!! I love how you did that piece...a focal for the focal. It is gorgeous! the necklace itself has a beautiful flow to it and is perfectly named. And the earrings are wonderful! After seeing yours, I wish I thought of earrings...those wood pieces are a great shape for earrings. I really like the vibe of your heart piece and potential bracelet. They do whisper back to a different time. Thank you so much for being the brains behind this hop. I am having so much fun opening the packages, seeing what surprises are in store, and unleashing the ideas.
Very interesting that so many people commented on the wire-wrapped ring! For me it was such a natural doing that I don't see it as special (shows why you need sounding boards on everything!) Thank you for the lovely comments - and I am so glad you (and everybody in the Continuum) are having a good time: that was my intention from the start; to have fun together!
Look at all the beautiful wirework!! Oh, the wire scroll work around the wood ring drew me right in, beautiful necklace! Clever idea with the earrings, they are cool!! And the heart pendant the way you have it suspended, I keep looking at the curve of the embellished thicker gauge wire, eye catching! Thank you so much for taking the time to gather us seven together! I'm loving every minute of this WONDERFUL group!!
I'm so glad you showed all of Monique's beautiful package .... I think together our two posts combine the story! ha! all the beady beauties from Monique along with her Canadian Artist inspiration!!
What beautiful wirework Alicia - as always! I just love seeing where you will take it next! That woody gorgeous necklace is perfect! and matches Monique's inspiration to a T! oh those cats! I ran out of room on my post .... I'm going to have to show you my cats later in the week - love those little guys!
Hehe, I can't wait to see your cats (and I need to finish mine too).
Thanks for being part of the Continuum!
Alicia, I have been sitting at my computer for some time, with my jaw on the floor! I have all the reveals open in front of me (tempting fate with my computer)... to say I am touched and humbled by what I am seeing is a BIG understatement! I am having difficulty choosing words (I know, that's not me) to express how much the work of all you gals has cheered and amazed and elevated my spirit this morning!
Thank you so much for letting me be a part of this group, Alicia... as I said, I am humbled and thrilled beyond words. And just think, we get to do this SIX more times,,, yay!
Well, my friend, the feeling is mutual - I've been admiring your incredible work over and over today! You should be proud of yourself, very proud - your work is exquisite.
Hehe, wait until I get my hands on the Kumi cords - the red / brown / black combination is very elegant and I just know it'll be perfect for your mosaic heart and accompany beads!
Indeed - this is just the start :) Thank you for being part of the Continuum!
Those hearts of Monique's are lovely! I especially love the mosaic one. You've done wonderful things with both - beautiful!
Thank you for your warm comments!
As I'm drawn more and more to wire work I have to really admire all of yours! Each piece is lovely and is really enhanced by the wire!
Thank you :) I still have to add the ear-wires!
Wonderful designs Alicia. The wirework on the ring is outstanding. It really makes the piece.I think that kumihimo will be the perfect accent for your bracelet. I agree about Cindy's book too.
Thank you, Becky - it's really funny how that ring drew all the attention :) Kumihimo will be, the vote is unanimous!


text:
CRALEY Group appears in "The South's Most Innovative Companies" by Barlow Robbins
Barlow Robbins - Interview with Chief Executive Officer, Andy Harris.
As someone who sold his IT distribution business to explore the potential offered by a completely different sector, Andy Harris admits he has always been driven by the excitement of trying something new. His very attitude is innovative, as is the patented, disruptive technology that will help him "take on the world".
"I like change," he says simply. "I like coming up with disruptive technology which I can patent and which will take on the world, I don't want to do the same thing forever, like everyone else. I want to be better or faster, so I looked around for something different and I found something that has fantastic potential. You could argue that I am completely out of my depth, but I'm a fast learner and challenges drives me."
Harris started the Craley Group in 2012 after his work selling IT products brought him into contact with a specialist technology business which had a basic concept for delivering cable to domestic properties without having to dig up the garden. Harris saw that the product had potential to be developed further and bought the patents. After running Craley in tandem with his IT business for eighteen months he sold the latter so he could focus on the new business and proceeded to "waste my hard-earned cash" - as he puts it jokingly – on something "far more exciting".
"I like coming up with disruptive technology which I can patent and which will take on the world, I don't want to do the same thing forever, like everyone else. I want to be better or faster, so I looked around for something different and I found something that has fantastic potential."
Andy Harris, CEO of CRALEY Group
A few million pounds later, the result has been two core product offerings. Atlantis Hydrotec is a fibre to the home (FTTH) solution that works by inserting a pipe into the existing freshwater plumbing pipes and then blowing fibre optic cable through it, meaning there is no need to dig up the roads or driveways. Because installation is quick and simple the cost is about a fifth of traditional cable laying methods and there is no obvious competition because the regulation involved in putting things into fresh water pipes deters other companies from doing it.
The other product, BreezeLiner, also provides the fibre cable but into sewer pipes (the other route of choice), while at the same time re-lining them. This, says Harris, is a pioneering approach that addresses the ongoing need to repair and maintain the pipes, and again is quicker and cheaper than current techniques. It's also more environmentally friendly as it uses non-toxic technology to weld the layers together, unlike the harsh chemicals that are used by competitors. Being able to refurbish sewers in this way is the jewel in the crown, says Harris, given that 70% of the world's sewer infrastructure could need replacing in the next twenty years.
"There are farmers in Spain who have one gigabyte upload and download speeds as a result of our work. Nobody in the UK has got that yet."
The procedure is able to provide the latest fibre technology at a much more cost-effective price. Harris comments: "There are farmers in Spain who have one gigabyte upload and download speeds as a result of our work. Nobody in the UK has got that yet."
Not that the old technique of digging up fields has had its day, he adds. "There might be cases, for example if the cable has to go across a field, where it's cheaper just to dig it up. But we can do something in hours that it would take weeks to do."
Harris says the technologies are generating interest on a global basis, as home owners, infrastructure developers and communities realise the benefits and cost savings.
He describes the concept for both products as being fundamentally simple. "The pipes are already there so what is needed is a safe way to transport cables through them. But like all simple things, the challenge is in taking it to the next stage. There will come a point where I will hold back the development of the business."
The options for an innovative company? They include finding technology partner, who the products can be licensed to, taking investment to fund further development, or even the sale of the business. "But there is a need to move quickly," says Harris, "not least because rivals could emerge offering the same sort of technology and basically circumventing your intellectual property. Patents are only as strong as the cash you have to defend them."
Harris believes innovative products will prove to be "either hero or zero." He doesn't envisage anyone wanting to order a couple of dozen kilometres of tube.
The business is so far what Harris smilingly and euphemistically calls "pre profit". He admits: "After all, these are new products that no-one has heard of. The sales guys would say that we need to get this out there as much as possible, but I think we would fail if we did that as we would then over trade. I'm a very practical person, very measured and considered. I like to go step by step and not run before I can walk. Slowly slowly, catchy monkey. We do have site installations going on but I'm not shouting about them. It's more important to get all the ducks in a row before going out there all guns blazing."
"The pipes are already there, so what is needed is a safe way to transport cables through them. But like all simple things, the challenge is in taking it to the next stage."
Assuming the current outsourced manufacturers can handle the potential higher volumes, Harris would ideally like to continue producing the products in the UK – he uses sites in London, Wales, Northern Ireland and the north east – believing that the made in Britain 'brand' has value to overseas buyers in particular. However, he has a back-up plan of relocating manufacture to Spain, where the company has a test site to show potential customers what can be achieved, and to further develop and re-engineer and simplify the technology.
Harris says the Spanish government – among others – gives much more help to businesses than the UK government. "The incentive schemes and assistance for British business are all too long winded. The help that's available abroad is unbelievable. In the EU and US, almost without exception, when you have a meeting in a town, the mayor will come along and ask you to consider moving your business there and I would be lying if I said I had not thought about leaving the UK. Barcelona for example, have offered us anything we need."
"Meanwhile, I spoke to our government's export innovation people and I said look we are floundering here, I need some assistance. They assume that it's money you want but I don't want cash: I want guidance, someone to talk to when I'm banging my head against a brick wall."
"The length of time it takes in the UK to get a decision is also an obstacle", he adds. "Everyone has hoops to jump through but it's all about how keen the authorities are for you to get through them. In Spain or the US, if the town mayor wants something to happen, the water and telecom companies have to comply. The Romanians are very serious about doing pilot schemes and they made it happen very quickly. And in California, if the environmental protection people say they will do something, they do it. Here in the UK, you meet an official and then three weeks later they pass it to their boss, then you have to get the water and telecoms companies to agree to it but they won't talk to each other, and then you need regulatory approval. We're going through that process at the moment."
Harris muses that there is truth in the old saying about it being lonely at the top. "But in a strange way, when you're at your lowest, that's when you feel most driven and think 'I'm not going to be beaten by this'," he adds. "Four years ago I thought that by now I would either have sold the business or have realised it wasn't going to work, but it has taken a lot longer than I thought it would. For the past eighteen months, I have felt I've been so close that I can touch it, then somebody moves the goal posts. I accept the highs and lows are all part of the journey. The next day I'm all fired up again. This is such an exciting time."
He admits that the business has become totally absorbing. "I can't do anything else. People say to me 'Andy, you should take up golf', but this is my sport. My plan was to sell my other business before I was fifty and I did that with a month to spare, and now my plan is to make this business work, to prove it works, and then sell it."
If he were to to do that, would that be his cue to retire? "I would like to think I could, but I'm not so sure," he reflects. "I think I would get involved with something else. I love making things happen. I'm not money driven at all; if you do the right things, the money comes."
- Original interview link
- The South's Most Innovative Companies link
- Corporate Review Digital Magazine link
Barlow Robbins
Innovative Companies
Corporate Review
BreezeLiner
Atlantis Hydrotec
State Governor Visits City of Anacortes Fibre Optic Deployment
True-Fiber Home Drops Made Easy
See us at WEFTEC 2019 - Chicago
Metropolitana Milanese chooses iSM™ Lift & Shift for a Leak Detection Assessment in Milano
CRALEY Group achieves Regulation 31 Schedule A approval for T & M-Series

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Sea Ettin is an amphibious C3/DS ettin breed by Elf. The sprites occupy Ettin Slot S. It was previously available from Mysticfalcon's Worldz, and can now be downloaded at Breed Storage. A CFF edition of the genome is available at Creatures Caves, adapted by Riakodoadm.


text:
Dinosaurs/STAR Bonds
Guy Gsell of Field Station: Dinosaurs in New Jersey asked the City Council to picture the following behind the north water tower on Rock Road (across from the new middle school):
An edu-tainment experience for kids ages 3 to 11 where they see, hear and touch life-size animatronic dinosaurs and learn it's cool to grow up and be a scientist.
A place for school field trips where kids dig for real fossils, explore an indoor ropes course, and play miniature golf among dinosaurs.
Overnight glamping (glamorous camping) with friends for a birthday party.
National Dinosaur Camp every summer.
Aug. 25, 2015 Public Hearing
Developer Rick Worner presented new information about a proposed medical care facility specializing in caring for patients with traumatic brain injury. Worner noted the medical facility, as well as a hotel, restaurant and possibly a daycare would be located north of Patriot Ave. and west of Rock Road.
The public hearing provided time for both elected officials and Derby residents to ask questions of the developer and his partners and share opinions on this project.
Sept. 4, 2015 Site Visit
City officials visited Field Station: Dinosaurs in Secaucus, NJ to get a first-hand view of the park.
Sept. 8, 2015 City Council Meeting
The City Council passed an ordinance establishing the STAR bond project district. The City received a Project Plan which set forth the business case for the STAR bond project.
July 12, 2016 City Council Meeting
The City held a Public Hearing to received feedback from the public on the proposed STAR Bond project. If the City Council approves the Project Plan on July 26 or thereafter, it will then be sent to the Kansas Department of Commerce for its approval. The State must approve this new development (along with its financial incentive package) so STAR bonds can be issued to fund it. Please note, this project will not increase the sales tax you pay on purchases in Derby.
The Derby City Council voted 7-1 in favor of the STAR Bond Project.
The Council adopted an ordinance approving the Project Plan
The Council adopted an ordinance approving the Development Agreement between the City of Derby and Derby Destination Development, LLC relating to the Derby STAR Bond Project District.
The city received word from the Kansas Department of Commerce that it approved $18.9 million in STAR bonds for the Derby project.
The city closed on the sale of STAR bonds.
A Job Fair was held at Madison Avenue Central Park, 512 E. Madison Ave. in Derby. Applications accepted from 3 to 5 p.m. At 7 p.m., a presentation about the park and types of jobs available was made. Staff interviewed and accepted applications until 9 p.m.
Field Station: Dinosaurs opened for Memorial Day weekend.
About Field Station: Dinosaurs
Field Station: Dinosaurs is a world-class dinosaur exhibition and family attraction designed with a firm foundation in the world of science. There is one other Field Station: Dinosaurs open in the world, located in New Jersey.
The Derby exhibit is called "American Dinosaurs! - On the Shores of the Western Inland Seaway." A unique dinosaur exhibition featuring precisely crafted, full-sized animatronic dinosaurs and a fossil dig site is proposed.
Other attractions include:
An 18-hole miniature golf course (each hole of Jurassic Golf depicts an historic dinosaur in the USA)
A tri-level ropes course under the dome called the Kansas Climb
Open-air amphitheater
Fitness trail
Tri-Level Ropes Course
Field Station: Dinosaurs features the latest in ropes course design. This tri-level course is built under a dome so kids can be active year-round. This is the first ever domed tri-level ropes course in North America.
The target market for Field Station: Dinosaurs is families with children between the ages of 3 and 11. Programming serves students from pre-k through 8th grade, summer camp groups, school groups, and daycare centers.
Field Station: Dinosaurs Official Website
2016 STAR Bond Project Plan
STAR Bond District Map
STAR Bond Site Map


text:
Millennials hold dim views of politics, economy, poll shows
By NBP Staff | April 25, 2016, 18:31 EDT
Printed from: https://newbostonpost.com/2016/04/25/millennials-hold-dim-views-of-politics-economy-poll-shows/
Millennials were among those casting ballots in presidential primaries this year.
CAMBRIDGE – As Donald Trump increasingly dominated the Republican presidential field over the primary season, the gap widened between millennials who support Democratic control of the White House and those who prefer a Republican in charge, with more than 60 percent favoring Hillary Clinton to a quarter who back Trump, a poll released Monday shows.
Support for keeping the presidency in Democratic hands climbed to 61 percent from 55 percent a year ago among Americans 18 to 29, while those who favor a Republican White House fell to 33 percent from 40 percent a year earlier, the survey from Harvard University's Institute of Politics shows. As Trump and Democrat Hillary Clinton have emerged as likely to face off in November, the net support in favor of the Democrat has nearly doubled to 28 percentage points among millennials in the survey from Spring 2015.
Perhaps surprisingly, most millennials reject both capitalism and socialism as political theories. A third say they back socialism, while just over two-fifths chose capitalism, the pollsters said. Socialism support tilts toward Democrats, youth, Clinton supporters, Latinos and Blacks, while those who back capitalism tend to be Republicans, male, white, college-educated and living in the South or West, the survey shows.
"Young Americans are sending a strong message," said John Della Volpe, polling director at the Institute of Politics. "They care deeply about the future, but are concerned that the current state of our institutions and our politics are not sufficient to meet our nation's challenges."
Almost half of millennials say the American economy is on the wrong track, up from 39 percent who said that a year earlier, and 15 percent say it's headed in the right direction, down from 23 percent a year ago. But 48 percent say today's politics are "no longer able to meet the challenges" faced by the nation.
Looking at Trump and Clinton in terms of favorability, Trump has a staggering 74 percent negative rating, and even 57 percent of Republicans don't like him. Clinton is viewed unfavorably by 57 percent, but that proportion drops to 30 percent among Democrats. Ted Cruz also fares poorly, at 52 percent unfavorable, but at least most Republicans like him, at 56 percent. Only Bernie Sanders has an overall favorable rating among all respondents, the survey shows.
Millennials place the least trust in the media, out of all the institutions tested, to do the right thing, at 9 percent. Wall Street ranked slightly better, at 11 percent, while Congress and the federal government came in at 18 percent and 23 percent respectively. Only the U.S. military was trusted by a majority of millennials to do the right thing all or most of the time, followed by President Barack Obama at 40 percent and the Supreme Court at 39 percent.
Pollsters surveyed 3,183 Americans participated in the research, which involved interviews and online interactive networks, from March 18 through April 3. The results have a margin of error of 2.4 percentage points.
Turnover in the Air: Hotspots in Massachusetts 2018…


The PlanadeVic shops were created in the year 2005 with the goal of seeking a new sphere of sustainability for the agrofoodstuffs sector and thus being able to complete the food control circle with the commercialisation phase.
The shops sell products of the members' farms and of other cooperatives and craftspeople, being a space of proximity for selling fresh products and offering consumers the highest level of confidence and safety.
Pork and beef are the cooperative's star products. Originating from animals of the members' farms, they follow a strict traceability process that makes it possible to identify the animal's origin, its feeding history throughout its life cycle and the farm where it was reared.


Image Title: Teen Girl Comforters In Bed For Girls Home Decor Bedding And Regarding Prepare 11. Filename: teen-girl-comforters-in-bed-for-girls-home-decor-bedding-and-regarding-prepare-11.jpg. Image Dimension: 450 x 450 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Austin Pacocha. Uploaded Date: Thursday - May 10th. 2018 01:22:34 AM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: homedsgn.com.
Tap The Thumbnail Bellow to See Related Gallery of "Teen Girl Comforters In Bed For Girls Home Decor Bedding And Regarding Prepare 11"


Vaulted ceilings with exposed beams faux wood workshop, 25 modern interiors with exposed ceiling beams, exposed ceiling beams ceiling systems. Three homes with a contemporary twist on rustic design. On the drawing board 5 ceiling treatments.


text:
Q: mapbox.js - can't initialize map unless it is available in global scope I'm trying to use mapbox within a module pattern javascript project I've set up. The same code that worked in a prototype when I made all my variables accessible to the global scope is not working when I try to initialize mapbox within my module pattern. In other words, before I had this:

Which worked. And now what I have is this:

//main.js:

var synBio = {};
var synBioModule;
synBio.main = function() {
  self.mapModule = new synBio.map();
  self.mapModule.init();
}

$(document).ready(function(){
    synBioModule= new synBio.main();
    synBioModule.init();
});

//map.js

synBio.map = function(){
  L.mapbox.accessToken = '[access_token]';
  var self = this;
  var map;
  self.init = function(){
    map = L.mapbox.map('map','heaversm.b8aa0d0a')
  }
}

But when I do this I get a 404 error when trying to load the tiles:
http://a.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/heaversm.ac964855.json?access_token=[access_token]

Everything seems to be loading in the proper order, so I don't get what's wrong. I've tried to do an onready event for the tile layer before initializing the map:
mapTiles = L.mapbox.tileLayer('heaversm.ac964855').on('ready',initializeMap);

var initializeMap = function(){
  map = L.mapbox.map('map','heaversm.b8aa0d0a')
}

Any ideas what I need to do to get this working again?

A: First off, couple of things are wrong with your code:  should be . Which should give you:

Uncaught ReferenceError: L is not defined

Next you're calling the init method of synBioModule in your onready eventhandler but synbioModule is an instance synBio.main, which has no init method. That should render you a:

Uncaught TypeError: synBioModule.init is not a function

I'm guessing they're just typo's or c/p errors when posting the code here because they don't correspond with the error you are getting. I have corrected these mistakes in the following example: http://plnkr.co/edit/Or8fLh?p=preview using my own public token plus project id and your code just works™.
When i use an invalid project id i get the following errors:

GET http://a.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/INVALID_PROJECT_ID?access_token=VALID_PUBLIC_TOKEN 404 (Not Found)
could not load TileJSON at http://a.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/INVALID_PROJECT_ID.json?access_token=VALID_PUBLIC_TOKEN

You must be using an invalid project id.


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text:
Q: Google Sheets Find and Replace script So I've been toying around with these two versions of a Find and Replace script. The issue I'm running into is that any consecutive uses of the script delete the previous uses. As seen here. I was referred to these solutions but I either implemented them wrong or they weren't the fix needed.
I'd like to keep using the script instead of a one-time Find and Replace, if that's possible?
Definitely not the best at all this, sorry if I'm getting something easy wrong here! Thank you :)

function runReplaceInSheet(){
  var sheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet().getSheetByName("Underlevel");
  //  get the current data range values as an array
  //  Fewer calls to access the sheet -> lower overhead
  var values = sheet.getDataRange().getValues();

  // Replace Staff Names
  replaceInSheet(values, /^T$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/Dxl893F.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^A$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/omc7F9l.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^R$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/12ZmSp3.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^M$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/kh7RqBD.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^H$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/u0O7fsS.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^F$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/Hbs3TuP.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^t$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/Dxl893F.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^a$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/omc7F9l.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^r$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/12ZmSp3.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^m$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/kh7RqBD.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^h$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/u0O7fsS.png")');
  replaceInSheet(values, /^f$/, '=image("https://i.imgur.com/Hbs3TuP.png")');

  // Write all updated values to the sheet, at once
  sheet.getDataRange().setValues(values);
}

function replaceInSheet(values, to_replace, replace_with) {
  //loop over the rows in the array
  for(var row in values){
    //use Array.map to execute a replace call on each of the cells in the row.
    var replaced_values = values[row].map(function(original_value) {
      return original_value.toString().replace(to_replace,replace_with);
    });

    //replace the original row values with the replaced values
    values[row] = replaced_values;
  }
}

function runReplaceInSheet(){
  var sheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet().getSheetByName("Underlevel");
  //  get the current data range values as an array
  //  Fewer calls to access the sheet -> lower overhead
  var values = sheet.getDataRange().getValues();

var range = sheet.getDataRange();
var replaceObj = {
  //to_replace: imgur id
  T: 'Dxl893F',
  A: 'omc7F9l',
  R: '12ZmSp3',
  M: 'kh7RqBD',
  H: 'u0O7fsS',
  F: 'Hbs3TuP',
};
var regex = new RegExp('^(' + Object.keys(replaceObj).join('|') + ')$', 'g');// /^(T|A)$/
function replacer(match) {
  return '=image("https://i.imgur.com/' + replaceObj[match] + '.png")';
}
range.setValues(
  range.getValues().map(function(row) {
    return row.map(function(original_value) {
      return original_value.toString().replace(regex, replacer);
    });
  })
);

var data = range.getValues();
  data = range.getFormulas().map(function(e, i) {//i=index of row(e)
    return e.map(function(f, j) {//j = index of column(f)
      return f === "" ? data[i][j] : f;
    });
  });
}

A: *

*You want to new value is replaced by keeping the existing values (images) when the script is run.

If my understanding is correct, how about this modification? In this modification, I used below script in your question. Please modify as follows.
Modification points:

*

*In this modification, at first, both values and formulas are retrieved. And when for the cells which have the formulas, the same formulas are put. When for the cells which have the values, the replacement script is run and put the replaced formulas.

*By above flow, in this modification, setFormulas() instead of setValues() is used.

Modified script:

From:

range.setValues(
  range.getValues().map(function(row) {
    return row.map(function(original_value) {
      return original_value.toString().replace(regex, replacer);
    });
  })
);

var data = range.getValues();
data = range.getFormulas().map(function(e, i) {//i=index of row(e)
  return e.map(function(f, j) {//j = index of column(f)
    return f === "" ? data[i][j] : f;
  });
});

To:

// This part is not used in this modification.
// range.setValues(
//   range.getValues().map(function(row) {
//     return row.map(function(original_value) {
//       return original_value.toString().replace(regex, replacer);
//     });
//   })
// );

var data = range.getValues();
range.setFormulas(
  range.getFormulas().map(function(e, i) {//i=index of row(e)
    return e.map(function(f, j) {//j = index of column(f)
      return f === "" ? data[i][j].toString().replace(regex, replacer) : f;
    });
  })
);

References:

*

*setValues(values)

*setFormulas(formulas)
If I misunderstood your question and this was not the result you want, I apologize.


text:
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We offer a quality guarantee on all products sold through www. We cannot accept change of mind returns once your cherries have been delivered. If you provide 72 hours notice before your scheduled delivery date, we will accept cancellations and provide a refund in full. Cancellations, refunds or changes can not be processed within 72 hours of scheduled delivery day. If an on-site event is cancelled due to coronavirus COVID restrictions, you will be entitled to a refund for any services not yet provided. We will get in touch with you directly with more information. For future events that are still scheduled, then you are all set and your entry tickets remain valid. If you are unable to attend a booked event, a substitute attendee may be sent as a replacement subject to approval. Ticket refunds can be process through your CherryHill member login.
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Trader Joe's Cherry Hill store was originally scheduled to open in March. The popular grocery store was originally scheduled to open in March. It will open at 8 a. The new store will be 13, square feet, which is double the size of its old store. The company was established by Joe Coulombe. Popular fast-food chain Jollibee opens another N. Southern-based candy franchise opens 1st N. Amazon officially postpones Prime Day, but you can still snag deals this summer. Please subscribe now and support the local journalism YOU rely on and trust.
Nicolette Accardi can be reached at naccardi njadvancemedia. Find NJ.
If you're looking for romantic things to do in Cherry Hill, NJ, consider taking a stroll during in the last two weeks of April when two miles of Chapel Avenue and other areas throughout the township come into full bloom with cherry blossoms. The rest of the year, this small city outside of Philadelphia offers no shortage of fun day- and nighttime activities for couples—whether that's exploring historic Cherry Hill from days of yore, throwing axes, learning to paddleboard, reorganizing your storage unit or opting for a more traditional dinner for two.
Also, with the city just a short car or train ride away, be sure to check out our roundup of Philly date ideas. Battleship New Jersey It's not everyone's idea of romance, but for those interested in military, engineering or maritime endeavors, the most decorated battleship in U. This is the site where New Jersey officials drew up the documents to transition from colony to statehood. The state's first government-owned museum, it's now open to the public and hosts special events.
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Please complete this form online to request a Summer Appointment with a counselor. All summer appointments are currently being held virtually. The East Guidance Office is currently closed for in person appointments but counselors are working remotely until the building is able to be open to the public. Attention East students and families, please click here to read this important message online from Dr.
This message contains directions for students to return textbooks, novels and other items borrowed during the school year along with students art work, sports equipment and musical instruments to be retrieved from High School East. Teachers will make students aware of items that are to be returned to school.
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Cherry Hill is a Roanoke , Virginia neighborhood located in far western Roanoke. The western border is shared with the city of Salem. Annexed by the city from Roanoke County in , the oldest concentration of structures dating from the late s can be found in the Northwestern section of the neighborhood. The further one travels South and East along Cherryhill Rd. Neighborhoods that immediately neighbor Cherry Hill Park the original name of the development include Wilmont Farms, Signal Hill now a defunct neighborhood name , and Boulevard Estates.
The neighborhood was developed with a single entrance on Shenandoah Avenue. The original entrance was moved to a new entrance East of the original entrance as a result of the Peters Creek extension project. The neighborhood was originally physically isolated from any other neighborhoods.
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