text:
The 6 Best Quiet Projectors for Home Theaters
Whether you're a cinephile, sports addict, gamer extraordinaire or just want to optimize your home viewing and gaming experience, one of the most important moves you can make is installing a high-quality projector. The difference between a middling TV and stereo and a projector is the difference between squinting at a 10-inch black and white TV with fuzzy reception and experiencing Star Wars as though you're making the Death Star trench run yourself.
Before we go any further, let's lay out some of the tangible benefits of opting for quiet projectors such as these. After all, how can you evaluate which projectors are best if you don't know what you're looking for?
Quiet Projectors Buying Guide
The Authentic Cinematic Experience and Other Benefits
Fans and Minimizing Noise
Projector Type
List of the Best Quiet Home Projectors
1. Artlii Full HD 1080P Home Theater Projector
2. BenQ HT2050A 1080P Home Theater Projector
3. Optoma HD143X 3D DLP Home Theater Projector
4. VANKYO Leisure 510 HD Projector
5. VANKYO LEISURE 3 Mini Projector
6. ViewSonic High Brightness Projector for Home and Office
So, Which Quiet Projector Is Best for You?
One of the main benefits of using a projector is being able to view a film as you would in the theatre. Whether you thrill to adventure and sci-fi films like Star Wars or are a cinephile in love with everything from the Golden Age of Hollywood to the Franco-Italian New Wave to Bollywood and beyond, you'll want the most cinematic experience possible.
Even if your TV is practically a household Jumbotron, however, there's still something about being able to view a film on a projector screen that you can't capture with a traditional TV screen. If you're skeptical about that, try comparing viewing the paintings of Monet, Van Gogh, and Picasso on a screen versus at a museum with the canvas-viewing experience. In the same way that certain tricks and effects with paint can't be fully captured with a flat screen, for the most ardent cinephiles, the full breadth of the cinematic experience makes a projector indispensable.
Other benefits include the following:
Screen Size: A TV screen gives you fixed screen size. By contrast, with a projector, you can view it on a larger viewing surface than most TVs can provide.
Eye Health: Staring at a screen for too long can be harmful to your eyes. Viewing a film screen with a projector can be a lot easier on the long-term health of your eyes.
Small Size: While you may be able to get a bigger projected image size, projectors themselves are far smaller than big-screen TVs, thus allowing you to spare precious space for other purposes in your interior décor scheme.
Increased Portability: Moving around a big-screen TV is next to impossible. By contrast, projectors are much easier to move and take with you, allowing you to set up a prime viewing experience wherever you choose.
A projector thus allows for the most authentic cinematic experience possible.
That said, one advantage that TVs can have over projectors is the fact that the former don't emit sound, while the latter often do. While you may associate the sound projectors make with the melodious clicking that classic film projectors emit, modern digital projectors don't do that. Instead, they feature cooling fans, and as with any electronics that feature these, those fans can get loud. You don't want your movie night to be accompanied by the constant dull droning hum of your projector, which is why searching for a quiet projector is so important.
It also provides us with an opening to talk about what makes a quiet projector "quiet" in the first place.
The key to minimizing sound output is thus largely contingent on finding units which have quiet fans and cooling systems. That said, finding out the fan noise of a projector can take some digging. While allusions to the overall noise level of a projector are easier to come by, specific mentions of sound levels in decibels for digital projectors is typically rare.
In addition, you'll also want to consider the type of projector itself. The mechanisms necessary for projecting the film may also emit noise, so you'll want to look for quiet versions of these as well. There are three main types of digital projectors most commonly used for domestic use today, which are as follows:
DLP: This stands for "dual light projector," and uses mirrors, light, and rotating color wheels to project the image. While these options are popular and are sometimes used in the movies, lower-end units can sometimes experience some oddities with color, although this is usually mild.
3LCD: As you might expect, this type of projector involves three LCD panels projecting in an RGB color scheme. On the one hand, this can offer superior color quality, but on the other hand, the contrast often lags behind DLP options.
LCoS: These are "liquid crystal on silicone" options, and are usually among the most expensive digital home projectors on the market. However, there's an argument to be made that you get what you pay for, as these units often offer top of the line color, contrast, and resolution.
Finally, there are a few other factors you'll want to consider when selecting among the projectors on our list, including the following:
Room Size: Different projectors are calibrated to "throw" their image onto the screen at different distances, and while you can adjust that with most models, the degree to which you can do so is limited. You'll thus want to make sure that the distance at which these units operate at their optimal levels pairs well with the size of the room in which you wish to place them.
Resolution: Then there's the resolution of the image itself. You don't want to sacrifice a larger screen size for a lower quality resolution. As such, you should look for resolution levels of 1920x1080p.
Brightness: This one should be obvious. You want to make sure that the image isn't so bright as to blind guests or wash out the image, but also isn't so dim as to make it hard to see. Brightness is typically measured in lumens, with higher numbers equating to more brightness. You'll also want to pay attention to how much those brightness levels can be adjusted.
Contrast Ratio: Lord Byron compares an idealized woman to "all that's best of dark and bright" in his classic poem "She Walks in Beauty." While you're looking into projectors and not poetry, when it comes to the ideal projector, you still want to maintain a good contrast ratio between dark and light colors and shapes on screen.
Now that we've established the baseline of what we're looking for, let's take a look at some of the best quiet home projectors for home theatre uses, and what each of them has to offer.
Let's start off with a smaller, more versatile unit. This offering from Artlii is geared towards those looking for an affordable home theatre experience as well as gamers looking to connect a projector for use with their Nintendo Switch or PlayStation 4. Also, it's easily one of the most affordable options on this list.
Among the boasting points of this 1080p home projector are the following:
Great brightness: If you're looking for a go-to option in terms of brightness, you've just found it. This unit boasts 4000 lumens, one of the highest outputs on this list.
Great stereo: This unit also boasts a built-in stereo system for those looking for that feature in their home projector unit.
Low noise level: This unit comes equipped with a noise reduction system, making it one of the quietest options on our list.
That said, this unit can project a screen size of 44 to 200 inches – good, but smaller than some of the other options here. Still, that's a respectable size, and it remains a great choice if you're looking to connect to those consoles or want a unit on the quieter side.
When it comes to the home theatre experience, size matters. That's one of the main reasons to get a home theatre system in the first place, after all. This offering from BenQ banks on size big-time, being able to project a screen size of up to 300 inches. If you're looking to show movies or give a presentation in an auditorium in which hundreds or thousands may be in attendance, this might just be your pick for a projector that can create an image size large enough to suit that audience.
Among the other key tech specs to consider with this offering are as follows:
Highly responsive: This is another unit that might be good for gamers looking to cut down on lag from projectors, as it offers 16ms and a special game mode designed to cut down on lag while gaming.
Good connectivity: Like other options on this list, this model can connect to PCs, Macs, and most other mobile devices, gaming consoles, and media players with HDMI and USB connectivity options.
DLP: This unit features DLP technology, making it a great choice if that's the type of projecting technology you prefer.
Fantastic picture quality: This is another projector that features 709 color accuracy calibration, which combined with the DLP technology makes for a great viewing experience. Its 2200 lumens are lower than a few other options on this list, but as noted below, BenQ does offer alternative models which boast extra brightness.
It is worth noting that you can purchase three different varieties of this unit in Amazon, each of which boasts its own advantages. One unit features a normal throw range and great color accuracy, one offers a shorter throw range and superb color accuracy, and a third one specializes in pairing a short throw range with a higher brightness rate.
This is one of the most popular options on the market, and for good reason.
For one thing, it features a relatively small projector, measuring only 12×9". That's good news for anyone who isn't thrilled about having to fit a bulky projector into their home or take one on the road with them for a showing elsewhere.
Among the best features of this offering from Optoma are the following:
Great brightness: With 3300 lumens of brightness, you certainly won't have to worry about this unit being too dim. This is just about the perfect amount of overall brightness for most home viewing experiences.
High picture quality: This unit ticks several boxes right away when it comes to overall picture quality. It features great contrast, and a reference display mode paired with RGB to provide colors which are bright, crisp, and aligned via a REC 709 and 709B color space.
HD display: This unit boasts a 0. 47″ DMD DLP chip that allows for high resolution and high definition displays.
Gamer-friendly: Few things get gamers more riled up than lag getting in the way of their gaming sessions. That said, while we're used to talking about gaming for things like online connectivity, we far too often overlook the lag that can come from receiving and projecting an image via a projector. Thankfully, with these units, that's not a problem, as they boast input response times of 16ms while receiving 1080p input.
Ease of connectivity: Finally, this unit offers great connectivity with two HDMI inputs and a USB connector as well.
All in all, this is a quiet unit that's especially good for gamers looking to get their game on without interference from loud fans or lag.
This is one of the least expensive options on our list. In addition, it's one of the most user-friendly projectors on this list. Those two facts combined make it a perfect projector for those with basic needs or those who are buying a home projector for the first time.
Among the features you'll get with this projector are the following:
HD support: This projector does provide support for HD images with good picture quality overall. It should be noted that, unlike other options on this list, it does not have 1080p as its native resolution quality, but rather 1280x780p. That said, it does still support 1080p.
Large screen: While not as big as other screen images on this list, this offering from VANKO still produces a comfortable projection size of 44 to 230 inches from a distance of five to 18 feet away.
Ease of connectivity: This is one of the easiest units to hook up. It's also compatible with quite a few technologies, including HDMI and VGA, as well as traditional USB hookups and Micro SD. In addition, this is also one of the easiest options for connecting to a smartphone, though if you are connecting to an Android, you'll need to buy an adapter (sold separately) in order to connect to the Micro USB/Type C slot.
Stereo performance: While we're focused on reducing unwanted noise with these models, this is nevertheless a model that offers good stereo sound from two 3W speakers built into the unit.
All of this makes this option a great one to choose if you are looking for a starter home projector that covers many of the necessary bases for quality projecting while still remaining affordable.
Looking for a unit on the smaller side? This mini projector from VANKYO is where it's at, measuring just 8×6", the smallest size on our list. It also projects the smallest screen size of any unit on this list, projecting a screen size of between 32 to 170 inches. That said, it also boasts the smallest price tag of any option on this list, costing just around $80 on Amazon.
Among the features offered here are as follows:
Great resolution: You can expect screen crispness with 1080p and great screen resolution overall.
Gamer-friendly: This projector can connect to a wide range of different gaming consoles, including the PlayStation 3 and 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo consoles.
Quiet fans: This is one unit that boasts a noise reduction system, making it one of the quietest options on this list.
As stated, few projectors go to the trouble of actually listing their emitted noise, so it's worthwhile to praise a unit that actually does. According to ViewSonic, this offering emits a measly 27 decibels. For context, 40 decibels is the most you probably want to tolerate when searching for a quiet home projector, and 30 is quite quiet. That this unit can boast as few as 27 decibels of noise while operating might well make it the Quietness King of our home projector competition.
Of course, that's just one event in this decathlon-esque evaluation of different units. How does it stack up to other options on this list as far as image quality and other vital measurements go? Quite well, in fact. Besides the quietness, among the biggest boasting points for this unit are the following:
Big screen: This is a unit that can cast a large image from a decent distance, giving you a screen size of anywhere from 30 to 300 inches from a distance of fifteen feet and eight inches away.
Great brightness: The unit is very bright as well, boasting lumens.
Ease of use: Compared to other offerings, this one is plug-and-play easy in terms of setup.
Good connectivity: This unit offers a wide range of connectivity, working with PCs, Macs, and various mobile devices, and it offers many input options, including HDMI and VGA.
What's more, it while this unit offers high-end performance in terms of brightness and picture quality on big screens, it's also at the lower end in terms of price.
That will naturally depend on your needs and tastes.
If a quiet home projector is your top concern, the offerings from VANKO and ViewSonic are among the quietest. The Arlii and Optoma offer features specifically tailored to gamers, making them great choices in that regard. BenQ is a very versatile brand, and its different variations on the unit listed here offer added choices for those who care most about long- or short-range throws or brightness.
That said, home viewing is a personal experience, and ultimately choosing the right home projector is a personal choice.
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Aren't all vacuums created the same? Not when it's a Kirby vacuum cleaner.
The Sentria® II home care system is constructed with durable die-cast aluminum parts that will stand up to years of tough use. In fact, the power plant is known as the Kirby signature of quality and durability. It will keep your home looking beautiful while it helps your investment in flooring and furnishings last longer.


Antoine Bauza's original version of 7 Wonders is one of my favourite games. A clever card-drafting civilisation-building game, it's quick to explain, plays fast and the simultaneous gameplay means there's no downtime even with its maximum 7 players. The only trouble with it is that the two-player variant brings in a third 'dummy' player, which always rings alarm bells for me.
That's where 7 Wonders: Duel comes in. This time Bauza has teamed up with Bruno Cathala to create a new version of the game that's specifically tailored for two players.
The card can be added to a player's 'city'. It might allow a player to produce resources each turn or represent a building that helps fulfill the win conditions of the game. Building categories will be familiar to players of the original 7 Wonders although their uses and scoring are a little different in Duel.
Players can only take cards that are not covered by any other cards, so initially only those in the lowest row are available. As players remove cards, the cards in the next layers begin to be uncovered and flipped over.
You can only build a building if you have the right resource cards or coins available to pay for it, as shown on the top left of the card (although some of the early cards are free to build).
These fix the price for a particular resource at 1 gold each, meaning you can produce as many clay as you like but I only have to pay 1 coin each for it if I have the Clay Reserve.
We got this rule so spectacularly wrong in our first game that it almost caused my husband to abandon the game forever in disappointment - I'd thought that the Reserve cards just reduced the base price of goods to 1 coin (from 2) and you still added on an extra gold for the other player's production. This tilted the balance too far to the advantage of whoever grabbed the most resource cards and left the other player no affordable cash-based alternative route. Oops... A quick re-read of the rules soon fixed everything!
If you're short of cash at any point you can discard a card from the layout to get more coins. This is also handy for moments when you can't afford to build a particular card but you really don't want your opponent to have it!
You also have the option of using a card to construct a Wonder by turning it face down and placing it under one of four Wonder cards, selected by each player at the beginning of the game.
Wonder cards are beautifully illustrated larger cards which, when built, can give you a range of different bonuses, from extra resources to victory points to extra turns. The extra turn is especially handy when you get a chance to chain it together with more extra turns or use it to get first pick of newly-revealed cards that could otherwise have gone to your opponent.
There's the standard victory points path, where you get to the end of the game (when all the third age cards have been taken) and add up each players' victory points. These can be shown on the cards in your city, the Wonders you've built, progress tokens you've obtained, or marked next to your position on the military track. Coins are also worth a victory point for every three you have at the end of the game.
Then there's the scientific victory. Every green science card comes with one of seven different symbols on it. If you can gather a set of any six of these symbols, you win the game immediately!
There's also a military victory path. Every time you lay a red military card, you count up the number of shields shown on that card and then move the shiny red 'conflict pawn' that many spaces down the track towards your opponent. This becomes a sort of tug-of-war as you battle to keep the marker from getting too close to your end of the track.
If you reach the last spot of the track at your opponent's end, it's another instant win. Forget about this at your peril - it's all too easy to concentrate on the cards and forget about what's happening on that military track. Since the military cards in later ages have more shields on them, things can start to turn against you pretty fast later on in the game!
As you can probably tell from the multiple routes to victory, this is a game with lots of choices to make! Not only are you deciding what cards will help you most, but you also have to take into account whether what you pick will help or hinder your opponent. You really want that School card because it will get you a pair of wheel symbols (and consequently a progress token)... but taking it would reveal two face-down cards that your opponent gets first pick from, which might be something you needed more... but if you don't take it your opponent might discard it for coins to stop you getting the pair... or worse take it to build his Wonder, which has an 'extra turn' symbol, which would give him first choice of the revealed cards... wait, does he have enough stone to do that? Argh!
You're constantly second-guessing each other and trying to manipulate the layout to get the cards you want. It's a lot of thinking in a little game and I love it.
It very cleverly makes you focus on what your opponent is up to in a way that the original game really wanted to do but never quite succeeded. This does mean there's a bit more conflict involved than in the original 7 Wonders; you're sitting right next to the person who just trashed the card you needed, so there's no chance for any sneaky sabotage. But then it does have 'duel' in the title, so if you wanted rainbows and fluffy hugs you may have picked up the wrong box!
It's a very strategic game, with limited interference from luck (where cards are face down) - you have to think on your feet to adapt your 'plan' to what cards you're able to get. For instance, if you lose out on resources maybe you'll need to focus on yellow cards to generate coins and allow you to build what you want later in the game.
Aside from being really fun, 7 Wonders: Duel is also lovely to look at. The components are all good quality, the card art is great and all the icons are sensible and clearly explained in the rules when not immediately obvious.
The re-think on iconography is, I think, best demonstrated in the way they've updated the 'chain' construction method, where taking certain buildings early in the game allows you to construct particular linked buildings in the future for free. In the original 7 Wonders, this was simply written on the cards and was very easy to forget about and miss. In Duel, each linked pair has been assigned an icon which makes it a lot easier to spot what you can get for free - both for you and your opponent, who can put in their best effort to stop you getting what you want!
I can see the potential for replayability to get a bit limited over time as you get used to what's coming up in each age, but the changing order of the cards mean that strategies will always need to adapt, so I can't see this running out of steam any time soon for us.
7 Wonders: Duel is a really solid, fun game and I'd definitely recommend it to anyone who's looking for a two-player game - as long as they don't mind being a little mean to each other now and again!


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Judge allows fraud suit against Trump, family and company to proceed
By Erica Orden
Updated 9:46 AM EDT, Wed May 20, 2020
The Trump Foundation dissolving amid lawsuit (2018)
A federal judge on Monday allowed a federal lawsuit accusing President Donald Trump, his three eldest children and his company of collaborating with a fraudulent marketing scheme to prey on investors to proceed.
The lawsuit, originally filed in October 2018 and amended a few months later, alleges that in exchange for "secret" payments, Trump and three of his adult children used his former reality TV show "The Celebrity Apprentice" and other promotional events as vehicles to boost ACN Opportunity, a telecommunications marketing company linked to a nonprofit that used Trump's brand to appeal to teens.
The lawsuit also accuses the Trumps of having profited off the poor and vulnerable, as people looking "to enrich themselves by systematically defrauding economically marginalized people looking to invest in their educations, start their own small business, and pursue the American dream."
US President Donald J. Trump (L) shakes hands with Chief Justice John Roberts (R) as he arrives to deliver his first address to a joint session of Congress from the floor of the House of Representatives in Washington, DC, USA, 28 February 2017. / AFP / POOL / JIM LO SCALZO (Photo credit should read JIM LO SCALZO/AFP/Getty Images)
AFP/AFP/AFP/Getty Images
At the highest levels of the judiciary, judges spar over Trump's legal powers
"Weighing the two 'most critical' factors – likelihood of success on the merits and irreparable harm – against each other, any prejudice that Defendants and ACN may suffer from proceeding with the litigation during the pendency of the appeal does not outweigh the strong likelihood that Defendants and ACN will not succeed on appeal," US District Court Judge Lorna Schofield wrote in her opinion.
The Trumps plan to bring the ruling to an appeals court.
A lawyer for the Trumps, Joanna Hendon, said, "We intend to promptly move the 2nd Circuit for a stay pending appeal."
Four anonymous plaintiffs brought the suit, including what court papers describe as a hospice caregiver, a self-employed man who was once homeless and a food delivery driver.
The Trumps "deliberately misled" consumers about the likely success of their investments, the suit claims, and engaged in "a pattern of racketeering activity."
The suit is being funded by the nonprofit Tesseract Research Center, which has ties to Democratic candidates, CNN has reported.
This story has been updated with a statement from the Trumps' attorney.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Kismet, a beloved dental therapy dog, sits on a patient's lap. Credit: Debra Garrett
Toothless Dog Soothes Dentist's Patients
By Nikki Silverstein
Scared of dental work? A Marin dentist has a unique tool for calming your fears: Kismet, a 13-year-old, toothless Chihuahua. Whether you need your teeth cleaned or a cavity filled, she simply snuggles on your lap and helps relieve anxiety.
Kismet, a dental therapy dog, works for Dr. Cameron Garrett of Corte Madera Family Dentistry. It's actually a family affair, because his wife, Debra, a dental hygienist, works there, too. The three of them specialize in making patients feel comfortable and relaxed.
"Kismet doesn't have any official certification, but she's a special animal in this regard," Dr. Garrett says.
It may be that she's empathetic to the patients, since all her teeth were extracted due to periodontal disease. The Garretts use her experience as a cautionary reminder to visit the dentist regularly.
Patty Stanton, a patient, knows that Kismet's presence keeps her from white-knuckling it in the dentist's chair.
"I'm very nervous when it comes to needles in my mouth," Stanton says. "Having Kismet in my lap and petting her gives me something else to think about. It makes me feel calmer."
Stanton's not the only member of Kismet's fan club. Most of Garrett's patients belong to it.
"I have patients who ask: 'What days does Kismet work?' They schedule their appointments accordingly," Garrett says.
A nine-year-old boy who has required extensive dental work is particularly happy about Kismet. His dental work was a struggle for him before the dental therapy dog joined the practice.
"Now that he's worked with Kismet, he's much more accepting and excited about coming here," Garrett says. "She takes away the anxiety."
Studies prove that dogs interacting with patients reduces anxiety and stress. Even brief interactions, from five to 20 minutes, have "demonstrated significant reductions in blood pressure" for adults and children, according to a 2018 study at the School of Medicine Center for Human-Animal Interaction, Virginia Commonwealth University. The study further concludes that canine-assisted therapy is "a safe and non-invasive approach to pain management."
The idea of a dental therapy dog came to the Garretts unintentionally. Perhaps kismet and karma combined.
Four years ago, they adopted a dog named Karma from Muttville, the Bay Area's senior dog rescue, for Debra's mother, who had Alzheimer's disease. Unfortunately, that arrangement lasted only two days and the terrier mix moved in with the Garretts. Instead of leaving her home alone, they brought her to the office.
"People kept asking about Karma, and I offered to let them hold her," Debra says. "In some cases, it seemed like they needed her."
Sadly, Karma passed away last year, but the Garretts wanted to duplicate the winning formula. They contacted Muttville and requested a dog with the same qualities: tiny, quiet and cuddly. Kismet, a stray from Hayward, met the requirements. They adopted her in July.
Muttville Executive Director Sherri Franklin wasn't surprised that Karma, and then Kismet, went to work in a dentist's office. Senior dogs tend to be calmer and need less exercise. It's a good match.
"Therapy dogs in doctors' offices should be a more widespread program," Franklin says. "They bring so much love and comfort."
During Covid-19, having a dental therapy dog has been even more beneficial. Changes in safety protocols have added barriers, making some people feel uneasy.
"Patients can't stay in the waiting room, everything is covered and we're wearing face-shield masks," Debra says. "It's nice to have Kismet bring back some normalcy, make the office friendlier, a little less scary."
Afterall, it's the little dog's job to put a smile on everyone's face. And, she does.
Nikki Silverstein
Got a Hero or a Zero? Please send submissions to [email protected] Toss roses, hurl stones with more Heroes and Zeroes at pacificsun.com.
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Q: NULL vs Zero in C I have recently read Can I use NULL as substitution for the value of 0?
In short, in answers it was mentioned that using NULL as a substitution for the value of 0 is not suggested and will to lead to UB.
But in Is it safe to assume that the NULL constant is zero?, in short it was said that assuming if(!ptr)//ptr is a pointer is not completely wrong.
I know the question contents are different, but how could this be explained that using NULL as substitution for 0 is wrong , while if(!ptr) is true?
Because if(!ptr) is equivalent to if(ptr==0) (I assume this is right, not sure).
Also, I have used if(ptr==0) and it never worked wrong for me (to check if ptr is NULL), and I have assigned 0 to pointer ptr and when I debugged my code ptr was NULL. Are these two experiences safe?

A: From this NULL pointer reference:

To initialize a pointer to null or to assign the null value to an existing pointer, a null pointer constant (NULL, or any other integer constant with the value zero) may be used.

[Emphasis mine]
So the integer constant 0 is a valid null pointer constant.
But note that it doesn't mean that the actual null value on the hardware platform used is equal to 0, it only means that the compiler accepts 0 as an alias for the system-dependent null pointer constant.
Also, a null pointer is always "false" and a non-null pointer is always "true", which is why a condition like if (ptr) or if (!ptr) works well.

A:
I know the question contents are different, but how could this be
  explained that using NULL as substitution for 0 is wrong , while
  if(!ptr) is true? Because if(!ptr) is equivalent to if(ptr==0) (I
  assume this is right, not sure).

if(!ptr) is equivalent to if (!ptr != 0) by the semantics of if statements, which is equivalent to if (ptr == 0) by the semantics of the !, !=, and == operators with pointer operands.  This is nicely consistent, but it does not follow from anything you know about operations on integers.  Operations on pointers have their own set of rules.
And that is exactly the take home.  Because an integer constant with value zero -- which is a source code construct -- is, among other things, a null pointer constant, it by definition compares equal to all null pointer values.  This says nothing at all about the representation of null pointer values of any type, about the type of the expression to which the NULL macro expands, or about the value produced by converting to integer any particular null pointer value that is not represented in source code as an integer constant with value zero.

A: NULL is a macro.  It is an "implementation-defined null pointer constant;" C17dr § 7.19 3.

An integer constant expression with the value 0, or such an expression cast to type void *, is called a null pointer constant. C17dr § 6.3.2.3 3

So NULL may have the type of void *, int, long, unsigned, long long, etc.
0 is an int constant.
When its OK.
Assignment: Both below assign p,q to some null pointer.
void *p = 0;
void *q = NULL;

Code compare: p==q is true as all null pointers equate. All null pointers do not equate to the address of any object.  !p and !q are both 1.
When its not OK.
Function argument
The type and its size of NULL is implementation defined.
printf("%d\n", 0);            // OK - %d expects an int
printf("%d\n", NULL);         // Not OK, NULL could be long, void *, etc.
printf("%p\n", NULL);         // Not OK, NULL could be int, long, long long
printf("%p\n", (void*) NULL); // OK - %p expects a void*

_Generic()
The result of the below is implementation defined.
_Generic((NULL), \
  void *: "void *", \
  int: "int", \
  long: "long", \
  default: "TBD")

Macro compare
The below resulted in "error: operator '*' has no right operand" for me. #if !0 was fine.
#if !NULL
#error foo
#endif

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