I can't believe that the long holiday weekend is over because I need at least three more days to recover. I snagged some good deals this weekend and I hope that you all did too. Today, I wanted to do something a little different on my blog and give my opinion on a certain rule that surrounds the culture that is all over the fashion industry. I think whether you are a fashionista or not, you have heard of one of the biggest fashion rules of "NOT WEARING WHITE AFTER LABOR DAY". It might seem reasonable in the sense of trends and seasonal colors but this rule is actually based off of the distinction of classes (and not school classes but classes of wealth).
It all started back in the day (the 19th century) when they decided that wearing white after labor day was just not right. They used this rule to separate two types of people as they referred to as those of "old" and "new" money. If you wore white after labor day it just showed that you weren't as "klassay" or kool as the other group. It is definitely a sense of privileged points back in the day and a root of history in the harsh standards of fashion. However, on this blog, you are still a klassay gal wearing your white jeans in December.
White is one of my favorite colors and it looks good on my skin complexion. Therefore, why would I want to completely remove it from my wardrobe this season? Well, the answer is I won't because white can definitely look so nice mixed with fall's aesthetic and I don't care about the status of "wealth" that I fall under.
Loving fashion and being fashionable isn't about what you can afford or how much your outfit costs but it definitely surrounds the blogging world a lot. Around this community, I've seen bloggers trying to "flex" to their readers and as a reader myself... I just don't like that. I get the difference between quick fashion and designer clothing and trust me I love some designer. I am also a believer in quality over quantity. However, I know my audience and I know that most of my readers are teenagers who have a minimum wage job that can barely support the basics. So, why would I write a post about a bag that costs more than possible rent if my audience can't afford that and I can't either? Even if I can afford it, I would give affordable and realistic options so that my readers feel like they can look chic for a cheaper price. I try to do that and also do a great job of showing my audience the hacks of never paying full price.
Trends and colors are also an important aspect of the fashion world but they are just guidelines in my opinion. If you have a unique and great style you can possibly rock any color during any season. There is no need to throw out your wardrobe every season because of new trends. Instead, reinvent your clothing and see how you can rock it in the next season. To achieve this, try to buy clothes that can be versatile and be worn several types of ways.
To wrap up this discussion, it's ok to buy a trendy bucket bag this season but it doesn't have to be by the top designers just to seem like you belong in this blogging community or in life in general. Rock your style the way you want and don't let any fashion rules restrict you from embracing that.
Comment below how you will be rocking white this fall!


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Tina Turner has shared a tribute to her late son Craig Turner with fans.
The music legend posted a photo on social media Thursday of a memorial-at-sea for Craig off the coast of California. The picture showed Tina standing on the deck of a boat with husband Erwin Bach as she dropped a rose into the water.
Craig died after an apparent suicide in Los Angeles on Tuesday, July 3.
A spokesman in the Los Angeles County coroner's office told Urban Hollywood 411 that Craig was pronounced dead at his home in the Studio City neighborhood. The spokesman added that Craig's death was reported as a suicide and he had a gunshot wound. An autopsy is pending.
Craig's biological father was Raymond Hill, a saxophone player in Ike Turner's band.
Ike, who died in 2007, adopted Craig when he married Tina in 1962. The two later had another son, 57-year-old Ronnie Turner.


January 26, 2018 – The Orion stage adapter flight hardware for NASA's Space Launch System has been outfitted and is ready to travel to the agency's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, via NASA's Super Guppy. The adapter, built at the agency's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, will join Orion to the rocket's interim cryogenic propulsion stage — a liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen-based in-space stage that will give the spacecraft the push needed to go to deep space.
If the SLS was dissected, the ICPS lies just below the Orion capsule, at the top of the SLS. On the first integrated test mission of Orion and SLS, called Exploration Mission-1, the ICPS will give Orion the big push needed to fly beyond the moon before the spacecraft returns to Earth. During EM-1, NASA will demonstrate the rocket's heavy-lift capability and send an uncrewed Orion spacecraft into deep space. The agency will also take advantage of additional available mass and space to provide the rare opportunity to send more than a dozen small satellites, called CubeSats, to conduct experiments beyond low-Earth orbit.
The square boxes inside the adapter are mounting spaces for 13 small satelites that will ride to space in the adapter and then deploy on their own deep space missions.
These small satellites are designed to be efficient and versatile—at no heavier than 30 pounds (14 kilograms), they are each about the size of a boot box, and do not require any extra power from the rocket to function. The science and technology experiments enabled by these small satellites may enhance our understanding of the deep space environment, expand our knowledge of the moon, and demonstrate technology that could open up possibilities for future missions. The CubeSats will be deployed following Orion separation from the upper stage and once Orion is a safe distance away.


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The goal of our cosmetology program at Collectiv Academy is to help mold you into an innovative and respected member of the cosmetology community, and we wouldn't be able to accomplish that without hands-on learning approaches. You aren't just sitting in a classroom, taking notes and waiting for the bell to ring – you're actively applying your learning in a professional setting.
Whether it's through the use of mannequins, live models or simply practicing on or with fellow students, we want you on your feet and learning via experience. Here are a few of the key benefits our students commonly find through this form of active learning.
You can read everything there is to read on a particular technique, but there's a good chance you'll never be able to master it without repetition. Learning which approaches work and which should be avoided in the future is a process that takes lots of trial and error, plus critiques from instructors who have seen all these issues before.
You'll make mistakes during this process, don't you worry, but these are expected and even welcomed. They're often the only way to learn how to do it right.
Down the same lines, hands-on techniques are by far the best ways to build confidence. Would you be confident entering your first paid salon job, then doing the first hands-on haircut of your life on your very first customer? Of course not. You'd be terrified, and would likely make big mistakes even if you had every bit of book learning on the subject memorized by heart. Getting that experience hundreds of times over before you enter the professional setting will allow you to project the confident, experienced stylist your clients want to see.
Practicing techniques and methods in person may also alert you to any limitations or issues you have with these techniques. Maybe you really struggle with a certain type of cut, but it's because you're using the wrong technique and just need a quick alteration. You'll never find these things out if you don't give them the chance to present themselves.
At Collectiv Academy beauty school, our hands-on learning will give you all these benefits and teach you how to problem solve approaches to technique. Speak with one of our instructors today to learn more.


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Home → Jerry Del Priore → Brooklyn Cyclones, Staten Island Yankees Players Who Are Providing Future Hope
Brooklyn Cyclones, Staten Island Yankees Players Who Are Providing Future Hope
Written by Jerry Del Priore
Jerry Del Priore, Posts
View all articles by Jerry Del Priore
The short season A minor league teams for the New York Mets (Brooklyn Cyclones) and the New York Yankee (Staten Island Yankees) are in full swing, with a number of players providing hope for the future for their respective clubs.
Though it may too early to tell how good they'll be, here's a look at a few players who have a shot at making the big club down the line.
Jhalan Jackson
Staten Island Yankees manager Pat Osborn called Jackson one of the best hitters in the New York-Penn League. For good reason. Early on, the former Southern State College outfielder is hitting .281 with four home runs and 15 RBI in 57 at-bats.
Staten island Yankees Jhalan Jackson
Jackson, a seventh round pick in 2015, enjoyed a tremendous day on July 15, going four for five with a RBI against the Cyclones. The only knock on the six-foot-three, 220-pound slugger is he strikes out a little too much, with 21 so far this season.
Matt Blackham
The 22-year-old Blackham may be a bit undersized at 5'11'' and 150 pounds, but he can throw hard, despite his size, registering 94 MPH on the radar gun against the Yankees Thursday night, with good off-speed stuff to complement his fastball.
Blackham, a reliever last season, fanned a season-high 10 Staten Island batters in a 1-0 loss at MCU Park.
Selected by the Mets in the 29th round of the 2014 Draft, the Tennessee native made 11 relief appearances with the Rookie-level Kingsport Mets of the Appalachian League last season and went 2-0 with a 1.42 ERA and 25 strikeouts over 19 innings.
This year, however, he has transitioned into a starting role, posting a 2-1 record with a .276 ERA in five games.
Andrew Church
Like current Mets starting pitcher Steven Matz, who is currently on the disabled list, the Mets drafted Church in the second round of the draft (2013).
The right-hander out of Henderson, NV, is 8-8 with a 4.65 ERA for his minor league career, but has tossed eight scoreless innings—including five innings in a start, a non-decision against the Yankees—this season.
Church is 1-0 with 0.00 ERA with 0.75 WHIP, but has room to improve and grow, with this season being a big opportunity for him to showcase his talents.
Jerry Del Priore is a veteran freelance sports writer from Brooklyn, New York, who covers a variety of professional, college and high school sports for a number of print and digital publications. In addition, Del Priore is the author of Running Through Roadblocks: Inspirational Stories of Twenty Courageous Athletic Warriors, available on Amazon.com and BarnesandNoble.com.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Q: Load div content on same page using AJAX in Codeigniter i am newbie on codeigniter but trying to develop simple CMS on it.
my question is i have a side column in my main CMS view which have several links to other views,what i want to do is to load all the links in main CMS view in  center div instead of going to another page every time. I know i can achieve this task through ajax but dont know how to do it on CODEIGNITER.
Here is how i want to acheieve it to my knowledge.

Header

      <?php foreach($ops as $operations)
        {$op_name = $operations['admin_op'];
         $op_link = $operations['link_to'];
        ?>

<a href="" id="" onclick="onLinkClick('<?php echo $op_link ;?>')"><?php echo $op_name ;?>

        <?php } ?>

A: Take a look on this simple example for ajax in codeigniter:
$.ajax({
     url: '<?php echo base_url() ?>/controller_namer/method_name',
     type: 'POST',
     data: {view_param: "sidebar_html"},
     success: function(response){
         $('#div_id').html(response);
     }

});

Now go to controllers/controller_name.php and create a method method_name;
function method_name() {

    // Get Post Data
    $View_Name = $this->input->post("view_param");

    $this->load->view($View_Name);

   // Alternate is create your html here
   // ......
}

hope this will help you.

A: @jogesh_pi
View Portion:

<a href="" id="" onclick="onLinkClick('<?php echo $op_name ;?>')"><?php echo $op_name ;?>

Controller Portion : admin
public function load_view($view_name){

$data['view_link'] = $this->admin_model->load_view_model($view_name);
$this->load->view($data);

}

Model portion : load_view_model
public function load_view_model($view_name){

$this->db->where('admin_op',$view_name);
$query = $this->db->get('admin_operations');

if($query->num_rows()>0){

foreach($query->results() as $rows ){

$data['link'] = $rows->link_to;

}

return $data->result_arrays();

}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


One of my favorite places to order online from is PROvantage. Great service, fast. I've been tracking their live inventory too. Appears they sold at least 180 each of the Brown, Black, and White. Then they got sold out. Now they have over 2087 black ones, over a 100 Brown, 35 white. And they seem to be adding accessories almost daily.
I also noticed they have good prices on accessories too.
If you see better deal (with shipping) let others know, post a reply.
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text:
Each Logic comes with everything you need: test lead set(s), test clips, USB cable, and carry case.
Digital/Analog Inputs
Mixed-signal inputs can be recorded as digital, analog, or both.
Digital Sample Rate (max)
All data is streamed in real time over USB. The maximum sample rates depends on the number of digital and analog channels used. See Performance Calculator
Analog Sample Rate (max)
PC Connection
About pricing
Discounts are available for students, enthusiasts, and small startups. Learn More >
100 MS/s
Maximum sample rate for three (3) digital and zero (0) analog channels in use. For other combinations, see Performance Calculator.
10 MS/s
Maximum sample rate for two (2) analog and zero (0) digital channels in use. For other combinations, see Performance Calculator.
Maximum sample rate for six (6) digital and zero (0) analog channels in use. For other combinations, see Performance Calculator.
Maximum sample rate for five (5) analog and zero (0) digital channels in use. For other combinations, see Performance Calculator.
Also works with USB 2.0, with an approximate 7x reduction in performance.
Also works with USB 2.0, with an approximate 7x reduction in performance. By default, Logic Pro 16 will only enable 8 channels to comply with the USB 2.0 power specification. This can be overridden in the software, under Options->Preferences.
What Should I Do to Avoid Accidental Damage to the Device?
Troubleshooting & Information
Accidents happen. If anything happens to your logic analyzer, please contact support. We will try our best to get your problem solved as fast as possible.
To avoid accidental damage to your logic analyzer and keep the device running smoothly, it's best to review how the most common device damage can occur and how to avoid it.
We see two common causes of device failure.
The first is over-voltage damage. The second is common mode ground current damage.
The new Saleae products have improved over-voltage damage, but accidents still happen. When using the logic analyzer, whether it's plugged into the PC or not, be careful when working on circuits where voltages beyond +/- 25 volts are present. Connecting one of the inputs to voltages outside this range, even for a very short time, can result in damage to the device. Usually, that damage will either be isolated to the affected channel and possibly neighboring channels, but it could also take out the whole device.
If you're working near voltages outside that range, you may want to disconnect the harnesses from the logic analyzer before connecting to your circuit. Once the wire harnesses are securely attached to your board and you've done some basic testing to make sure the clips won't pop off your connections, you can connect the harnesses to the logic analyzer.
Ground Loops and Common Mode Current Safety
The most common device failure that we see, and probably the hardest to detect, is damage caused by common mode ground current.
Specifically, this is when a high current flows from the ground pin on the logic analyzer to the ground on the USB port of your computer, or vice versa. This current can easily damage the logic analyzer, your PC, and your device under test (DUT). All Saleae logic analyzers have fuses in their ground return paths, but these are not always fast enough to protect the unit from damage.
There are several conditions that must exist for this ground current to occur.
First, the logic analyzer has to be used in the presence of a ground loop. Specifically, this means that the logic analyzer is not the only ground path between your DUT and the host PC.
Here are several common ways a ground loop can exist:
Other USB devices (such as programmers) are connected to the DUT, or the DUT itself is plugged into the USB port on your computer. In addition to the logic analyzer's ground connection, the DUT's ground is also connected to the PC's ground through another USB port.
Non-isolated power supplies Most AC power supplies with 3-prong plugs will short the MAINS earth ground pin to the power supply ground output. That includes your PC's ground. If your DUT is powered from a 3-prong wall power supply and your PC is also plugged in, that will form another ground path. Keep in mind that if you're using a laptop that's not plugged in, even an attached external monitor or printer will create a ground loop.
Ground loops by themselves are not necessarily bad, but they are required for a common mode ground current to occur.
There are several ways for the unit to be damaged by a common mode ground current when in the presence of a ground loop. Here are some common errors:
When connecting or disconnecting probes, one of the ground probes from the logic analyzer is accidentally brushed against a power supply pin on the DUT, such as +5V. If there are no other ground paths between the DUT and the PC, nothing will happen. However, if there is a ground path, then current will flow from that voltage supply through the logic analyzer's ground pin, through the USB cable and the host PC, and then through the secondary ground connection—either MAIN earth ground or another USB port, back to the ground on the DUT. Basically, that is the same as shorting out the voltage supply on your DUT, but it uses the logic analyzer and your host PC as the short circuit, which could damage all components in the loop.
What if the DUT's ground reference isn't at the same voltage as the ground loop connection? For instance, if your circuit is powered by a bipolar power supply used to produce +10 volts and -10 volts, and then your circuit uses the -10 volt rail as its ground voltage, but there exists a ground loop through MAINS earth ground to the power supply's 0 volt output, then effectively the ground on your DUT is actually -10 volts relative to the host PC. Connecting Logic will immediately short out the DUT power supply and potentially damage all devices present in the loop.
Ground Loop Safety Between Multiple Devices under Test
In some cases, you need to record signals from multiple devices under test simultaneously with the same logic analyzer. This can be done safely, but it is important to review how both devices are powered before connecting the logic analyzer.
Since the channels in each Saleae logic analyzer are not electrically isolated from each other, all devices will need to share a common ground. If the devices under test already share a common ground, then you're all set. However, if they are floating relative each other (meaning their grounds are not directly or indirectly connected to each other), or if there is a common mode voltage setup between them, then additional steps are required.
If one or both of the devices under test are floating, do they need to be floating? In order to record with a logic analyzer, they will need to be common grounded to each other AND to the PC to which the logic analyzer is connected. This also means MAINS earth ground in most cases.
If one of the boards is powered from another with a ground difference such as a large negative voltage supply, then it is NOT safe to connect the logic analyzers to both devices. In addition, it is not sufficient to isolate the USB connection or the test PC from the devices. The inputs themselves need to be isolated between the device under test and the logic analyzer for at least one of the two devices under test. Please see the SI labs isolation development kit at the bottom of this article for input channel isolation.
If the devices are already common grounded to each other, then there are no special steps to follow. Just review the general ground loop information in this article.
Ground Loop Identification and Common Mode Voltage Detection
The DUT's local ground is isolated from the host PC when one of the following is true:
The DUT is battery-powered and has no other electrical connections to the host PC or devices powered from MAINS power.
The DUT is powered from an isolated power supply that does NOT short MAINS earth ground to the output ground. Bench top supplies with a separate green earth ground terminal do this. USB wall adapters also do this. Common AC power adapters (chargers, "wall warts") with 2-prong plugs are also isolated. Most power supplies do have transformers that can provide isolation if implemented properly.
The Host PC is a laptop running from a battery or is plugged into an instrumentation isolation transformer. Note that normal isolation transformers connect earth ground for human safety reasons.
Warning: When working in an electrically isolated state, keep in mind that floating grounds can be dangerous to the operator. When operating with equipment with a floating ground, please review and follow appropriate safety measures.
Ground Loop Testing with a Multi-Meter
To identify a potential ground loop between the Logic device and the DUT, you could use a continuity test between the DUT ground and the Saleae Logic ground, although checking the resistance would be preferred. While the Saleae Logic is connected to the PC, if the continuity test result is open (or if the resistance reads infinite on a multi-meter), then the grounds are, in fact, isolated. Otherwise, they are connected, and a ground loop exists.
If you believe there is a ground loop between the DUT and the host PC but you are uncertain if the grounds on both sides you plan to use are at the same potential, there is a quick test you can perform with a multi-meter. If you happen to have a large resistor (> 10K ohm), there is an additional test you can perform.
Connect the logic analyzer to the PC but not the DUT.
Measure the voltage between the ground pin on the logic analyzer and the ground pin on the DUT.
If there is a ground loop and you measure a voltage greater than about +/- 100mV, then a common mode ground current may occur when they are connected, damaging your equipment.
If there is a ground loop and you measure a voltage smaller than about +/- 100mV, then it is safe to connect the ground pins.
If there is not a ground loop or you are not sure there is a ground loop, then the voltage may drift significantly. If you are SURE there is no ground loop, then it is safe to connect the grounds.
If you are not sure there is a ground loop or would like to perform another test anyway, connect the resistor (~10K) between the two grounds and then measure the voltage across the resistor.
If you see a voltage that indicates a noticeable current, then there is a ground loop between devices and you should not connect the grounds together.
If you see an insignificant voltage across the resistor, then either there is no ground loop or there is a ground loop, but both grounds are at the same reference. It is safe to connect the logic analyzer.
Using an Isolated Wall Adapter to Power the DUT
Using isolated wall adapters such as USB wall adapters to power the DUT will isolate its ground from MAINS ground, although that does not always eliminate ground loops. For example, if the DUT was connected to the same computer that the Logic device is connected to, then a ground loop is formed.
Is the Logic Device Safe to Use in the Presence of Ground Loops?
Yes, it is completely safe to use the Logic device as long as both grounds are at the same voltage level and as long as you only connect the Logic ground to the ground of the DUT.
Isolation: There Is a Ground Loop and a Difference in Potential Between Grounds
What do you do if the grounds are related but not at the same potential? You will need to fully isolate the DUT from the PC. You can do this on either side of the logic analyzer.
To isolate the digital input side of the logic analyzer, consider using this eval kit: http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/SI84XXISO-KIT/336-1765-ND/2170672
To isolate the USB 2.0 high-speed connection, review this isolation adapter: http://intona.eu/usbiso. We recently purchased this isolator and will be performing an evaluation soon. This is the first true high-speed USB 2.0 isolator on the market. All other USB 2.0 isolators are only full speed and low speed, which is insufficient for our products to operate.
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New to Sky Box Sets in November
Sky Box Sets will premiere season four of Queen of the South on November 30, after three days of back-to-back box sets of the first three seasons, and S6 of Younger on November 18. Another channel newcomer will be the baffling SoHo mystery, The City and the City. SBS also will strip S1-5 of The Wire […]
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Emmy Awards to Air in HD
For the first time, the Emmy Awards will screen here in HD. Vibe, which was upgraded to HD two months ago, will air the ceremony live on September 23. Coverage will start from midday and there will be a highlights package at 8.30. E! will offer SD coverage from 8.30am, with Countdown to the […]
A Very English Scandal, Chernobyl, Featured, Sharp Objects, Succession, Veep
Schedule Watch: May 5
The casts of Veep and The Big Bang Theory will make Prime's The Late Show With Stephen Colbert worth sitting up for over the next two weeks. Both series are are into their final seasons on SoHo2 and TVNZ 2 respectively. Julia Louis-Dreyfus & co will take over Colbert's set on Friday while TBBT crew […]
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Critical Condition: Veep (S7)
Veep | SoHo2, 7.30 Wednesday ☆☆☆☆ "It was bound to happen. After avoiding, or pretending to exist in a different reality than, the funhouse mirror of horror that is the Trump presidency, Veep has decided to tackle it. Or, more precisely, to tackle and in the process pummel to the ground the overwhelming awfulness of all politics […]
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New to SoHo2 in April
Aside from Game of Thrones' swansong, SoHo2 has a more vibrant line-up of premieres in April than its sister channel. Screening in order of their debuts will be: Veep: Season Seven (7.30 Wednesdays from April 3) The critically acclaimed series returns for its final season. Julia Louis-Dreyfus leads an ensemble cast as Selina Meyer, the former president, who struggles […]
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Critical Condition: Succession
Succession | SoHo, 8.30 Wednesday ➢ "If Succession was cut down to a half-hour comedy, it would be an apt successor to HBO's vicious, outgoing political satire, Veep. It's got the same satiric spirit and vulgar insults, this time applied to Manhattan's business district, yet the added minutes bring context for its devilish characters. Jesse Armstrong's […]
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New to Sky Box Sets in July
Veep and Animal Kingdom join the Sky Box Sets rotation next month, ahead of their season premieres on SoHo. Also new to the channel are the second and final season of The Arrangement, season one of Netflix thriller Marcella, season three of Channel Zero and the historical drama starring Billions' Paul Giamatti, John Adams. Screening […]
Animal Kingdom, Channel Zero, Featured, Marcella, The Arrangement, Veep
Sky and HBO: Bond of Brothers
Sky has tied up HBO content in this market with a new multi-year deal that puts streaming upstarts on notice and will include developing an HBO Download to Go app. The pact cements Sky's entrenched partnership with HBO, which began with the launch of the SoHo channel in 2011, and nixes prospects of HBO […]
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Critical Condition: Veep
Veep (SoHo, 9.00 Thursday) "Like The Thick of It before it, Veep is a series that deeply understands the comic possibilities in the hollow and venal world of politics. No matter the course it would have taken, the funny would have still been there. But Veep still would have suffered trying to be a show about an incompetent president in our […]
Breaking News: SoHo Scoops Bill Maher
About time — SoHo at last will air Real Time With Bill Maher. The politically incorrect talk show's 15th season will screen 11.00 Mondays on Sky's premium drama channel from April 17 (it will start with the US April 7 episode because the show's on hiatus on April 14). For years SoHo has opted not to […]
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Three to Launch Extra Newshub Bulletin January 20, 2021


To deliver an investment return of 4.0% above inflation (UK Retail Price Index) over a rolling 5 year period.
The Fund's investment strategy is objective based, and implemented through a dynamically managed investment portfolio in order to maximise the likelihood of achieving the objective while minimising deviations from that target.
Unlike traditional multi-asset portfolios, there is no requirement for the First State Diversified Growth Fund to allocate to any particular investment type. Instead, we blend a combination of investments that we believe together have the highest likelihood of delivering the performance target of UK RPI + 4% (over rolling five-year periods, before fees).
The portfolio's design is driven by a detailed assessment of market valuations, macro-economic fundamentals, risk premia and liquidity, resulting in a dynamic asset allocation. The investment approach allows the portfolio to respond to changing market environments, both capturing opportunities and containing risks relative to the objective.
– We use the economic climate assumptions within our proprietary models to determine forward looking expected returns.
– The process of determining the Neutral Asset Allocation uses these expected returns for the building blocks of the portfolio allocations incorporating the return objectives, constraints, and investment horizon of the portfolio.
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– We have the ability to increase or decrease our Neutral Asset Allocation and Dynamic Asset Allocation dependent on market conditions to maximize the probability of meeting the return objective.


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Research@RSIS Newsletter
Panellists See More Avenues for Japan, S'pore to Deepen Ties
There are many opportunities for Singapore and Japan to deepen their relationship amid the Covid-19 pandemic and global challenges, speakers at the 14th Japan-Singapore Symposium have said. The speakers included Senior Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Chee Hong Tat, Japan's State Minister for Foreign Affairs Eiichiro Washio, Singapore's Ambassador-At-Large Tommy Koh, and Waseda University professor Yukiko Fukagawa. In a panel discussion, RSIS Research Adviser and NTU Professor Joseph Liow pointed out that the geopolitical concept of the Indo-Pacific was problematic for Asean. The grouping's approach has been to remain equidistant from both the United States and China, even as it continues to recognise the importance of the United States' role in the region, said Professor Liow, who is Dean of the CoHASS.
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There are many opportunities for Singapore and Japan to deepen their relationship amid the Covid-19 pandemic and global challenges, speakers at the 14th Japan-Singapore S ...


Yeah, this has homebrew written all over it. Congrats to them for finding someone to put it in a new cart, but this is not an "official" SNES game unless is that the Nintendo Seal of Quality on it somewhere. I'm not weeing it on their page or in the video posted, so... it's technically not an SNES game.
Super Fighter Team didn't develop it, they're just publishing it. The game was actually made in the 90s, but got canceled. I thought it was an odd choice to release it now, especially since people are already making repros of it. Although the original SNES version was canceled, a mobile version was released years ago.


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Home > In The Media > Rachel Corrie
[Opinion] Campaign to demonise Israel over Rachel Corrie death
Public Service Europe
In 2003, in the middle of a war involving Palestinian mass suicide attacks and Israeli military responses, a radical organisation calling itself the International Solidarity Movement recruited and dispatched a number of 'human shields' to help the Palestinian cause. Rachel Corrie, a student from the United States, was among them, and while interfering with an anti-terror operation along the Israeli border with Gaza – the site of intense conflict – she was tragically killed.
Since then, the details of her death and the question of responsibility have been argued and adjudicated in many forums. The Israeli military held three separate investigations, and Corrie's parents initiated a civil legal suit against Israel in US courts, which was rejected for lack of jurisdiction. They turned to the Israeli courts, and on August 28, after a lengthy trial involving a long list of witnesses and legal arguments, the judge issued a very detailed 62-page decision.
On the basis of all the evidence available, he ruled that the state and the Israel Defence Forces were not culpable in Corrie's death, which, he found, could have been avoided had she not been recklessly taking risks in a warzone. The IDF was operating in the area in order to save the lives of Israeli civilians. In his ruling, the judge stated: "She did not distance herself from the area, as any thinking person would have done … she consciously put herself in danger."
If Israel is not responsible for her death, who is? The International Solidarity Movement clearly has a great deal of responsibility for putting young students like Corrie into very dangerous situations. The ISM describes itself as "a Palestinian-led movement committed to resisting the Israeli occupation of Palestinian land using nonviolent, direct-action methods and principles". Joshua Hammer, a journalist who examined the issues in great detail, described the ISM as "embracing Palestinian militants, even suicide bombers, as freedom fighters" and "entering military zones to interfere with the operations of Israeli soldiers".
The trial record provides a great deal of unambiguous evidence, and the verdict clearly states that "the actions taken by the members of the organisation, in practice, do not match its statements. In fact, the [ISM] exploits the dialogue regarding human rights and morality to blur the severity of its actions, which are, in fact, expressed through violence." The judge added that the ISM's "activists specialised in sabotaging the IDF's operational actions. ISM activities included … stationing activists to serve as human shields for terrorists wanted by Israeli security forces" and "financial, logistical and moral assistance to Palestinians, including terrorists and their families".
Indeed, ISM co-founder George Rishmawi has publically stated that the ISM's main purpose is to help the Palestinian cause through involvement of foreign activists: "If some of these foreign volunteers get shot or even killed, then the international media will sit up and take notice." Another ISM co-founder, Thomas Saffold, told the Washington Post: "But we're like a peace army. Generals send young men and women off to operations, and some die."
Did Corrie understand that she was being sent to fight in a dangerous war for the 'Palestinian cause', which has taken thousands of innocent lives over many decades? Did she realise that the ISM deliberately uses martyrs so that the "international media will sit up and take notice". These activists are expendable pawns for the ISM's grand strategy of attacking Israel's legitimacy in world public opinion.
Concrete examples of this include the ISM's affiliation with organisations that seek Israel's destruction. In 2002, ISM activists stood between terrorists occupying Bethlehem's Church of the Nativity and the IDF. In 2003, ISM activist Susan Barclay acknowledged that she worked with representatives of Hamas and Islamic Jihad. In 2008, ISM activist Richard David Hupper was convicted by a US federal court for materially aiding Hamas by "giving about $20,000 to Hamas while working in Israel with the International Solidarity Movement".
It is understandable that Corrie's bereaved parents are looking for someone to blame for the fact that their daughter illegally entered a closed military zone and placed herself in the path of a 53 ton bulldozer. But the evidence clearly shows that the ISM is culpable for causing her wrongful death – and by lending their names to the immoral campaigns to demonise Israel, Rachel Corrie's parents are compounding the tragedy.
Gerald M Steinberg is professor of political science at Bar Ilan University and president of NGO Monitor, a Jerusalem-based research institution.
International Solidarity Movement (ISM)


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Air Travel Today
Published on May 19, 2016 June 10, 2016 by chrismtwo
The TSA's decision to allow airline passengers to carry on small knives, among other things, is causing uproar in the airline industry. The new policy will also allow novelty size baseball bats, toy plastic bats, billiard cues, ski poles, hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks, and up to two golf clubs. Box cutters and razor blades are still prohibited, as are locking or fixed blades. Allowable knives must be able to fold up and be 2.36 inches or less in length, and less than one half inch wide.
The new rules, which will take effect April 23rd, are being opposed by the Flight Attendants Union Coalition, the Coalition of Airline Pilots, and the Federal Law Enforcement Officers Association (which includes air marshals). Delta CEO Richard Anderson said in a letter to the TSA Administrator that this "will add little value to the customer security process flow in relation to the additional risk for our cabin staff and customers." The concern is primarily for unruly customers who might get out of hand during a flight, and less so for planned acts of terrorism.
The T.S.A. indicated that the presence of air marshals, gun-carrying pilots, and airline crew members trained in self-defense provide enough protection. However, not every flight has an air marshal or armed pilot. The T.S.A. has determined that these newly allowed items represent no real danger, and are at most a distraction from more serious threats.
This has sparked a debate about the role of the T.S.A., whether it is their function to prevent large scale acts of terrorism involving airplanes, or a broader definition that includes the general safety of airline passengers. Since 9/11, the TSA has received $60 billion in funding, with $8 billion in 2010 alone. Recently, amidst the sequester budget cuts, the T.S.A. ordered $50 million worth of new uniforms. Whether the new rules will cut costs or speed up security is yet to be seen.
Daily Mail, Four in 10 British Pilots Admit to Falling Asleep in Plane's Cockpit: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/article-2235152/Four-10-British-pilots-admit-falling-asleep-cockpit.html
Voice of America, U.S. Budget Impasse Could Affect Air Travel: http://www.voanews.com/content/us-budget-impasse-could-affect-air-travel/1620346.html
Politico, Sequester Hasn't Strangled Air Travel Yet: http://www.politico.com/story/2013/03/sequester-hasnt-strangled-air-travel-yet-88375.html
NBC/Reuters, Global Air Travel Demand Expected to Pick up Pace in 2013: http://www.nbcnews.com/travel/global-air-travel-demand-expected-pick-pace-2013-1C8692738
Fox, Delta Air Lines CEO Opposes TSA Policy Allowing Knives on Planes: http://www.foxnews.com/travel/2013/03/09/delta-air-lines-ceo-opposes-tsa-policy-allowing-knives-on-planes/
The New York Times, U.S. Relaxes Air Travel Carry-On Prohibitions: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/06/business/us-relaxing-carry-on-rules-for-air-travel.html
ABC News, Dreamliner Fleet to Resume Flying 'Within Weeks,' Boeing Says: http://abcnews.go.com/International/dreamliner-fleet-resume-flying-weeks-boeing/story?id=18735981
HS Today, Airport Screeners' Failure to Find IED during Covert Test No Surprise, Officials Say: http://www.hstoday.us/blogs/the-kimery-report/blog/airport-screeners-failure-to-find-ied-during-covert-test-no-surprise-officials-say/22b3d8d7e05355d1086d57d4152a49df.html
USA Today, American, U.S. Airways Prep for Merger Bumps: http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/2013/03/11/american-us-airways-prep-for-merger-bumps/1980705/
Anxieties.com, How Safe Is Commercial Flight? http://anxieties.com/flying-howsafe.php#.UUNnjVeQsrM
Co Design, The T.S.A.'s Insane Budget and Woeful Track Record: http://www.fastcodesign.com/1669240/the-tsas-insane-budget-and-woeful-track-record
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Border Patrol agent Vincent Pirro walked near where the border wall ends that separates Tijuana from San Diego.
WASHINGTON — Congressional negotiators neared a deal Friday that would offer President Trump far less than the $5.7 billion he's sought for walls along the US-Mexico border, as lawmakers worked to prevent another government shutdown next week.
Democrats disputed that figure, saying it was too high and that negotiations were ongoing. ''We will not agree to $2 billion in funding for barriers,'' said Evan Hollander, spokesman for House Appropriations Chairwoman Nita Lowey, Democrat of New York, who is leading the bipartisan talks.
It was unclear exactly what types of barriers or fencing would be funded, and whether Trump would conclude the structures meet his definition of a wall. There are already more than 600 miles of barriers of various kinds along the US-Mexico border, about half of which are designed to stop vehicles from crossing while the other miles are aimed at blocking pedestrians as well.
People briefed on the White House's strategy said that the Trump administration had hoped to change the rhetoric during the debate and stop calling any barrier a ''wall,'' in the hopes that it would make it easier for Democrats to accept more funding.
''It's just a difference of opinion on how to get there but we all agree on securing the border and a majority of us, I think 100 percent, we do not want to have another government shutdown and so we're continuing to work in good faith with one anther,'' said Representative Steven Palazzo, Republican of Mississippi, another member of the committee.
That three-week period is up on Feb. 15.


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New Hampshire High Tech Council Announces Expert Panelists for November 8 Entrepreneur Forum
Alliance News | October 27, 2017
Alec Rooney, Matthew Allard and Scott Goodrich will advise Senet, Inc. at the final installation of 2017 event series
Portsmouth-based Senet, Inc. will share its story with a panel of hand-selected experts and a live audience in the final event of the 2017 Entrepreneur Forum series on November 8. The carefully selected panel will offer expert advice to Senet's Chief Operating Officer Brad Martin in efforts to help the company address the current opportunities and challenges it faces. The Entrepreneur Forum is one of the marquee event series run by the New Hampshire High Tech Council (Council), with three events per year, this event is the final one of 2017.
"Our panelist committee puts a lot of effort into ensuring that the individuals selected can bring very specific expertise that aligns with the challenges and opportunities facing our presenting company," said Matt Cookson, executive director of the Council. "We look forward to hearing the advice and feedback our panel will be offering to Senet as they pursue additional opportunities in the world of the Internet of Things."
Advising Senet, Inc. is Alec Rooney, VP of engineering at Minim, Inc.; Matthew Allard, director of product management at Schneider Electric Buildings AB; and Scott Goodrich, CEO and president at EvolutionRF.
The Entrepreneur Forum series, geared toward the Granite State's entrepreneurial and business community, focuses on an opportunity or challenge faced by an organization that is shared with similar companies in their space and business cycle. The global business issue to be discussed at the November 8 event will be "opportunities and challenges with the Internet of Things."
Alec Rooney, VP of engineering at Minim, Inc., is a local leader in engineering. Rooney has experience developing and growing teams, garnered over the course of a career working with companies as diverse as Hewlett-Packard, Philips, Cisco and Elbrys Networks. Rooney's specialties include security, mobility, client-server based solutions, agile development and scrum. Rooney received his Master's degree in Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science from Stanford University.
Matthew Allard, director of product management at Schneider Electric Buildings AB, is an entrepreneurial product manager. His experience includes working as senior product manager, market manager and product marketing manager for companies such as Microsoft, Avid Technology, Inc. and Autodesk. Allard's specialties include product marketing, product management and marketing communications. Allard received his Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the University of New Hampshire.
Scott Goodrich, CEO and president at EvolutionRF, is an experienced professional who has served as president and co-founder of Cellular Specialties, Inc., as well as co-founder of Wavelink Communications. Goodrich also served as president of Westell, and has offered his experience and expertise by serving as board member for DataXoom and XMA Corporation. Goodrich specializes in cellular communication, telecommunications and wireless networks. Goodrich received his Bachelor's degree in Business Administration, Management and Operations from Northeastern University.
Entrepreneur Forum will be held on Wednesday, November 8 from 5:30 to 7:30 pm at FIRST, 200 Bedford Street #101 in Manchester. Tickets to the event are $15 for Council members and $30 for not-yet-members. Students are encouraged to attend for $10. Tickets are available here and the event includes networking and heavy hors d'oeuvres.
To learn more about Senet, Inc., read the presenter announcement, available here.
Entrepreneur Forums are held three times a year and are known for the quality presentations, insightful panelists, engaged audiences and unique networking opportunities. Generous sponsors of the event are Autodesk, Cook, Little, Rosenblatt & Manson, New Hampshire Business Review, Oracle/Dyn, TD Bank, UPS, Howe, Riley & Howe, Entrepreneurs' Fund of New Hampshire and MFI Productions.
Tags Alec Rooney Matthew Allard Scott Goodrich Senete Inc
NH High Tech Council Announces Entrepreneur Forum Expert Panelists for February 15 Event
NH High Tech Council Announces Entrepreneur Forum Expert Panelists for December 7 Event
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May 18 Entrepreneur Forum Expert Panelists Announced
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This hoodie comes in a gorgeous maroon hue, and has a super soft hand feel from the high quality organic cotton. Striped lines fill the hoodie lining. Kangaroo pocket with hanging spiders atop their nest. Interior neck tape helps hold its shape.


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Os tútsis ou tutsis (em quiniaruanda e kirundi: batutsi) são um grupo étnico existindo principalmente em Ruanda e no Burundi, mas também nas regiões vizinhas do Congo-Quinxassa, do Uganda e da Tanzânia. São um povo banto e, tanto do ponto de vista linguístico, como cultural, não se distinguem dos hútus, o grupo étnico majoritário em Ruanda e no Burundi.

Os tutsis são a segunda maior divisão populacional entre os três maiores grupos em Ruanda e Burundi; os outros dois são os Hutu (maior porcentagem) e os Twa (menor porcentagem). Um pequeno número de pessoas Hema, Kiga e Furiiru também vivem perto dos Tutsi em Ruanda.

Pensa-se que a divisão entre estes dois grupos tem raízes sociais, uma vez que os tútsis foram a classe política dominante naquela região dos Grandes Lagos Africanos desde o século XV até à  colonização do Ruanda e do Burundi primeiro pela Alemanha e depois pela Bélgica. Geneticamente, não existem grandes diferenças entre os tútsis e os hútus.

Etimologia
Historicamente, eles eram frequentemente chamados de Watutsi, Watusi, Wahuma, Wahima ou Wahinda. Os Tutsi do Norte, que residem em Ruanda, são chamados de Ruguru (Banyaruguru), enquanto os Tutsi do Sul, que vivem no Burundi, são conhecidos como Hima, os Tutsis que residem em Masisi, em Kivu (RD Congo) são conhecidos como Banyamasisi e os Tutsi que habitam o planalto de Kivu, no Congo, são chamados de Banyamulenge.

Características
As definições de pessoas "hutus" e "tutsis" podem ter mudado de acordo com o tempo e a localização. As estruturas sociais não eram estáveis em Ruanda, mesmo durante os tempos coloniais sob o domínio belga. A aristocracia ou elite tutsi distinguia-se dos plebeus tutsis, e os hutus abastados eram muitas vezes indistinguíveis dos tutsis da classe alta.

Quando os colonos belgas realizavam censos, eles queriam identificar as pessoas em todo o Ruanda-Urundi de acordo com um esquema de classificação simples. Eles definiram "Tutsi" como qualquer um que possua mais de dez vacas (um sinal de riqueza) ou com a característica física de um nariz mais longo, ou pescoço mais longo, comumente associado aos tutsis. A altura também era uma característica diferenciadora entre os tutsis e os hutus. Sua altura média é de 1,79 m, embora tenham sido registrados indivíduos com 2,13 m de altura.

Os belgas acreditavam que alguns tutsis tinham características faciais que eram geralmente atípicas de outros bantus. Eles procuraram explicar esses supostos traços físicos divergentes, postulando uma mistura com ou descendência parcial de migrantes da raça caucasóide, que supostamente teriam chegado à região dos Grandes Lagos a partir do Chifre da África e/ou do Norte da África. Em contraste, os belgas consideravam a maioria dos hutus um povo bantu característico de origem centro-africana.

Os tutsis viveram nas áreas onde estão por 400-500 anos, levando a um considerável casamento com os hutus, um povo banto na área. Nota-se que os nomes Hutu e Bantu não são os mesmos. Devido à história de intercalada entre os hutus e os tutsis, os etnógrafos e historiadores chegaram recentemente a concordar que eles não podem ser propriamente chamados de grupos étnicos distintos.

Genética

DNA-Y (linhagens paternas)
Estudos genéticos modernos do cromossomo Y geralmente indicam que os tutsis, assim como os hutus, são em grande parte de extração bantu (60% E1b1a, 20% B, 4% E-P2 (xE1b1a)). Influências genéticas paternas associadas ao Chifre da África e ao Norte da África são poucas (abaixo de 3% E1b1b-M35) e são atribuídas a habitantes muito anteriores que foram assimilados. No entanto, os tutsis têm consideravelmente mais linhagens paternais do haplogrupo B (14,9% B) do que os hutus (4,3% B).

Foi encontrado 22,2% de E1b1b em uma pequena amostra de tutsis do Burundi, mas nenhum portador do haplogrupo entre as populações locais de Hutu e Twa. O subclado era da variedade M293, o que sugere que os ancestrais dos tutsis nessa área podem ter assimilado alguns pastores de língua cuchítica do sul. O M293 tem cerca de 4.500 anos de idade. Acredita-se que seu marcador parental E-V1515 tenha se originado na parte norte do Chifre da África em torno de há 12.000 a 14.000 anos.

DNA autossômico (ancestralidade geral)
Em geral, os tutsis parecem compartilhar um parentesco próximo com as populações vizinhas bantu, particularmente os hutus. No entanto, não está claro se essa semelhança se deve principalmente a extensas trocas genéticas entre essas comunidades por meio de casamentos mistos ou se, em última análise, decorre de origens comuns::[...] gerações de fluxo gênico eliminaram quaisquer distinções físicas claras que existissem entre esses dois povos bantu - notadamente altura, forma física e características faciais. Com um espectro de variação física nos povos, as autoridades belgas exigiram legalmente a filiação étnica na década de 1920, com base em critérios econômicos. Divisões sociais formais e discretas eram conseqüentemente impostas a distinções biológicas ambíguas. Até certo ponto, a permeabilidade dessas categorias nas décadas seguintes ajudou a reificar as distinções biológicas, gerando uma elite e uma classe mais baixa, mas com pouca relação com os reservatórios genéticos que haviam existido alguns séculos antes. As categorias sociais são assim reais, mas há pouca ou nenhuma diferenciação genética detectável entre hutus e tutsis.Também foram descobertas que amostras mistas de hutus e tutsis de Ruanda eram predominantemente de origem banto, com menor fluxo gênico de comunidades afro-asiáticas (17,7% de genes afro-asiáticos encontrados na população mista de hutus/tutsis).

História

Existem diferentes teorias sobre a origem dos grupos tutsis e hutus (ambos Banyarwanda)  que argumentam respectivamente que as diferenças entre esses dois grupos são primariamente étnicas, culturais ou simplesmente sociológicas.

Segundo alguns historiadores, como o abade de Ruanda Alexis Kagame, que concentrou suas pesquisas no assentamento de Ruanda, os tutsis chegaram a Ruanda no século XVI, sendo precedidos pelos hutus por quase seis séculos. Os Batwa (pigmeus) que estavam lá são considerados os primeiros habitantes de Ruanda. Essa ordem de chegada revelaria que hutus e tutsis têm origens diferentes. Os tutsis seriam originalmente um povo nilótico e hutus um povo banto.

Isso ecoa a análise dos primeiros colonos alemães e, em seguida, belgas que dominaram Ruanda e Burundi, e afirmaram que o povo desses países eram divididos em três grupos "étnicos":  Hutu, Tutsi e Twa. Mas, na opinião de autores como Jean-Pierre Chrétien ou Dominique Franche, esta análise não é baseada no critério que normalmente caracterizam os grupos étnicos: todos os ruandeses e burundeses falam a mesma língua (com variações nacionais menores: Kinyarwanda e Kirundi) e compartilham a mesma cultura. Além disso, eles vivem misturados, aceitam em muitas famílias os casamentos entre grupos e têm as mesmas crenças ancestrais ou questões de colonização.

Esses mesmos autores dizem que, antes da colonização, os hutus eram agricultores, os tutsis eram pecuaristas e os twa coletores. Essa tradição relacionada ao trabalho, acrescentam, foi transmitida de geração em geração pelo fato de as mulheres mudarem seu status étnico no momento do casamento. Assim, uma menina nascida Hutu se tornava Tutsi ou Twa porque seu marido era Tutsi ou Twa e vice-versa. Eram essencialmente, dizem eles, o mesmo grupo étnico que falava a mesma língua com uma variante regional. A mudança de status tinha o efeito de transmitir aos filhos nascidos dessa união a obrigação de participar do papel social e do trabalho do pai.

Antes da chegada dos colonos, Ruanda era governada por uma monarquia dominada pelos tutsis desde meados de 1600.

Colonização
Por volta de 1880, missionários católicos romanos chegaram à região dos Grandes Lagos. Mais tarde, quando as forças alemãs ocuparam a área durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial, o conflito e os esforços para a conversão católica tornaram-se mais pronunciados. Como os tutsis resistiram à conversão, os missionários só obtiveram sucesso entre os hutus. Em um esforço para recompensar a conversão, o governo colonial confiscou a terra tradicionalmente tutsi e transferiu-a para as tribos hutus.

A área foi governada como uma colônia pela Alemanha (antes da Primeira Guerra Mundial) e pela Bélgica. Como os tutsis haviam sido a elite governante tradicional, ambas as potências coloniais mantiveram esse sistema e permitiram que apenas os tutsis fossem educados e participassem do governo colonial. Tais políticas discriminatórias geraram ressentimento.

Quando os belgas assumiram, acreditavam que poderia ser melhor governado se continuassem a identificar as diferentes populações. Na década de 1920, exigiam que as pessoas se identificassem com um determinado grupo étnico e classificassem-nas de acordo com os censos.

Em 1959, a Bélgica inverteu sua posição e permitiu que a maioria dos hutus assumisse o controle do governo através de eleições universais após a independência. Isso refletia, em parte, a política interna belga, na qual a discriminação contra a maioria hutu passou a ser vista como semelhante à opressão dentro da Bélgica, decorrente do conflito flamengo-valão, e a democratização e o empoderamento dos hutus eram vistos como uma resposta justa à dominação tutsi. Políticas belgas hesitaram e mudaram consideravelmente durante este período que antecedeu a independência do Burundi e do Ruanda

Independência de Ruanda e Burundi (1962)
A maioria hutu em Ruanda se revoltou contra os tutsis e conseguiu tomar o poder. Os tutsis fugiram e criaram comunidades exiladas em Uganda e na Tanzânia. No Burundi, os extremistas tutsis chegaram ao poder e oprimiram os hutus, especialmente aqueles que foram educados. Suas ações levaram à morte de até 200.000 hutus. A evidente discriminação do período colonial foi continuada por diferentes governos de Ruanda e Burundi, incluindo cartões de identidade que distinguiam tutsis e hutus.

Genocídio do Burundi (1993)
Em 1993, o primeiro presidente democraticamente eleito do Burundi, Melchior Ndadaye, um hutu, foi assassinado por oficiais tutsis, assim como a pessoa que tinha direito a sucedê-lo. Isso provocou um genocídio no Burundi entre as estruturas políticas hutus e os militares tutsis, no qual "possivelmente até 25.000 tutsis" foram assassinados pelos primeiros e "pelo menos tantos" foram mortos por estes últimos. Desde o Processo de Paz de Arusha, em 2000, a minoria tutsi partilha o poder de uma maneira mais ou menos equitativa com a maioria hutu. Tradicionalmente, os tutsis tinham mais poder econômico e controlavam os militares.

Genocídio de Ruanda (1994)

Um padrão semelhante de eventos ocorreu em Ruanda, mas lá os hutus chegaram ao poder em 1962. Eles, por sua vez, muitas vezes oprimiram os tutsis, que fugiram do país. Depois da violência anti-tutsi de 1959-1961, os tutsis fugiram em grande número.

Essas comunidades de exilados tutsis deram origem aos movimentos rebeldes tutsis. A Frente Patriótica Ruandesa, composta em sua maioria por tutsis exilados vivendo principalmente em Uganda, atacou Ruanda em 1990 com a intenção de libertar Ruanda. O RPF tinha experiência em guerra de guerrilhas com a Guerra Civil de Uganda e obteve muito apoio do governo ugandês. O avanço inicial da RPF foi interrompido pelo levantamento de armas francesas ao governo de Ruanda. Tentativas de paz culminaram nos Acordos de Arusha.

O acordo fracassou após o assassinato dos presidentes de Ruanda e Burundi, provocando a retomada das hostilidades e o início do Genocídio de Ruanda em 1994, no qual os hutus que estavam no poder mataram de 500.000 a 1 milhão de pessoas, em grande parte de origem tutsi. Vitorioso após o genocídio, o RPF chegou ao poder em julho de 1994.

Cultura

No território de Ruanda, do século XV até 1961, os tutsis eram governados por um rei (o mwami). A Bélgica aboliu a monarquia em resposta ao ativismo hutu, após o referendo nacional que levou à independência. Em contraste, na parte noroeste do país (predominantemente hutu), grandes proprietários regionais compartilhavam o poder, semelhante à sociedade Buganda (no que hoje é a Uganda).

Sob o seu sagrado rei, a cultura tutsi tradicionalmente girava em torno da administração da justiça e do governo. Eles eram os únicos proprietários de gado e se sustentavam em seus próprios produtos. Além disso, seu estilo de vida lhes proporcionava muito tempo de lazer, que passavam cultivando as altas artes da poesia, da tecelagem e da música. Devido ao status de tutsi como minoria dominante em relação aos agricultores hutus e aos outros habitantes locais, essa relação tem sido comparada à existente entre senhores e servos na Europa feudal.

Os tutsis são sorologicamente relacionados às populações bantu e nilótica. Isso, por sua vez, descarta uma possível origem cusita para a classe dominante Tutsi-Hima fundadora nos reinos lacustres. No entanto, os costumes do enterro real dos últimos reis são bastante semelhantes aos praticados pelos antigos estados de Sidama, de Cúcida, na região sul de Gibe, na Etiópia. EEm contraste, as populações Bantu ao norte dos Tutsi-Hima no Quênia eram até os tempos modernos essencialmente sem um rei, enquanto havia vários reinos Bantu ao sul dos Tutsi-Hima na Tanzânia, todos compartilhando o padrão de chefia da Tutsi-Hima. Desde que os reinos de Sidama de Cushitic interagiram com grupos nilotas, se propõe assim que os Tutsi descendem de uma tal população nilota migrante. Os ancestrais nilóticos dos tutsis teriam, assim, em tempos anteriores, servido como intermediários culturais, adotando algumas tradições monárquicas de reinos cusíticos adjacentes e subsequentemente levando consigo esses costumes emprestados quando se estabeleceram entre os bantus autóctones  na região dos Grandes Lagos.

No entanto, pouca diferença pode ser verificada entre as culturas atuais dos tutsis e hutus; ambos os grupos falam a mesma língua bantu. A taxa de casamentos entre os dois grupos era tradicionalmente muito alta e as relações eram amigáveis até o século XX. Muitos estudiosos concluíram que a determinação de tutsis era e é principalmente uma expressão de classe ou casta, e não de etnia.

Como observado acima, os estudos de DNA mostram claramente que os povos estão mais intimamente relacionados entre si do que com grupos distantes.

Tutsi congoleses
Existem essencialmente dois grupos de tutsis no Congo. Há os Banyamulenge, que vivem na ponta sul do Kivu do Sul. Eles são descendentes de migrantes ruandeses, burundianos e tanzanianos. E em segundo lugar, há tutsis em Kivu do Norte e na região de Kalehe em Kivu do Sul - que fazem parte da comunidade Banyarwanda (Hutu e Tutsi). Estes não são Banyamulenge. Alguns desses Banyarwanda são descendentes de pessoas que viveram muito antes do domínio colonial em Rutshuru - sobre o que atualmente é território congolês. Outros migraram ou foram "transplantados" pelos colonos belgas de Rutshuru ou de Ruanda e principalmente se estabeleceram em Masisi em Kivu do Norte e Kalehe em Kivu do Sul.

Povos do continente africano
Grupos étnicos do Burundi
Grupos étnicos de Ruanda

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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