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Home Working in childcare Spotlight on Coronavirus FAQs - Coronavirus
Unsurprisingly there have been thousands of questions asked in recent weeks and months about the impact COVID-19 will have on your childcare business. Remember that the Department for Education, Ofsted, and other government departments are producing guidance and FAQs about COVID-19 which may help.
The Department for Education in England helpline can help to answer questions related to education about COVID-19. Staff, parents and young people can contact the helpline between 8am and 6pm, Monday to Friday by calling 0800 046 8687 or emailing DfE.coronavirushelpline@education.gov.uk. PACEY members can contact the legal helpline for advice.
Further resources can be found on the DfE Early Years Document Sharing Platform - Google Drive.
We've collated the most frequently asked questions and grouped them by theme.
Close contacts and self-isolation
Operating during the pandemic
What to do if you have a coronavirus case in the setting
What to do in the event of an outbreak
Coronavirus testing and vaccinations
Contracts and charging
Vulnerable people and shielding
Financial support and wellbeing
What do I need to know about the Omicron variant?
In November, the Prime Minister announced new temporary measures in response to the Omicron coronavirus variant. You can read more about this here.
This brought about changes to the guidance for early years and childcare settings in England, including:
Face coverings should be used by staff and visitors (including children aged 11 and above) in corridors and communal areas in early years and childcare settings (Note that this requirement will be lifted on 27 January)
Contact tracing and isolation: NHS Test and Trace or a local health protection team will directly contact those people who are a close contacts of confirmed or suspected Omicron cases. These people will be told to immediately self-isolate and book a PCR test, even if they are fully vaccinated or under the age of 18.
Settings should be aware of the travel restrictions in place (see section under Coroanvirus Testing and Vaccination for full information). From Friday 7 January, fully vaccinated travellers and under 18s entering England will be asked to take a test by day 2 of arriving in England and they do not need to isolate whilst waiting for this. From 9 January, this can be a privately-bought LFD (not via the free NHS testing programme) The requirement for a pre-departure test is removed for these travellers. The rules remain unchanged for unvaccinated travellers.
On 22 December, the required isolation period for confirmed cases of coronavirus was reduced for 'most cases'. Individuals who are self-isolating due to testing positive will be able to end their isolation after 7 days instead of 10 if they provide negative lateral flow results on day 6 and day 7, 24 hours apart. (See seperate section on reduced isolation below)
What happens if a childminder's household member has returned home after travel?
A childminder does not need to close their setting if someone in their household is quarantining as a result of travel from a country that is not on the red list while they wait for their test result, as long as the person quarantining has no contact with the children and they follow the travel guidance How to quarantine at home after international travel.
As soon as the person arrives at their place of quarantine they should, as far as possible, avoid contact with other people in the place where they're quarantining to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19. If the person quarantining or anyone else in the household develops symptoms or tests positive for the virus, then the childminder cannot continue working at home and should follow the guidance for childminders with a self-isolating household member.
IMPORTANT: You should keep staff, parents and carers notified and updated on circumstances in your setting. Ensure your risk assessments and paperwork is kept up to date and regularly reviewed and that measures are working effectively (more information on this under the next heading).
What do I need to be aware of in terms of my policies and paperwork?
If you are implementing any measures in your setting (e.g. in response to your household member being identified as a Omicron contact) you should make every effort to notify parents and carers of the children attending the setting and any assistants working on the premises about the circumstances as soon as reasonably possible and maintain open communication with them.
You must comply with health and safety law by reviewing your risk assessments to demonstrate:
that the provision of childcare in your setting is safe,
how it aligns with the control measures set out in the guidance for early years settings
how you will put into place any additional but proportionate measures (i.e. those set out in outbreak management plan / contingency framework)
You should already have active arrangements in place to monitor whether the measures you have put in place are effective, working as planned, and updated appropriately (for example when any issues are identified, or when there are changes in public health advice).
In light of the rising Omicron cases over recent weeks, it is strongly recommended that you familiarise yourself with the current Government guidance and contingency framework, your own risk assessments, policies and outbreak management plan to ensure you are prepared for any future measures that may be put in place.
PACEY members in England can access our sample and template Covid-19 paperwork to help with this here.
Who can attend my setting?
All children can attend early years and childcare settings. Any children or staff members who have coronavirus symptoms or have tested positive for the virus should follow Public Health England stay at home guidance and isolate at home.
The recognised 'main' COVID-19 symptoms are any of the following:
a new continuous cough
a high temperature
a loss of, or change in, your normal sense of taste or smell (anosmia)
Can a child attend my setting if a member of their household tests positive for coronavirus?
Any person under the age of 18 years and 6 months is exempt from isolation if they are identified as a close contact of a positive coronavirus case (as long as they do not test positive or develop symptoms themselves). This means children who live in a household with a positive case are allowed to continue attending your setting. Their parents will be advised by NHS Test and Trace that the child takes a PCR test, although this is not a legal requirement. Those that do take a PCR test are allowed to attend the setting whilst awaiting their result and will only need to isolate if the test is returned positive.
This is government guidance and you will know your setting and your families best. You could ask your parents how they may feel about this scenario and, if you feel it is necessary, consider updating your policies to say, for example, that children who are close contacts should stay away from your setting until they have their test results. As part of this, you would also need to consider your charging policy (see section below on policies and charging). Remember it is your setting and you can put in place additional arrangements if you feel it is necessary to ensure the safety of everyone in your setting.
How is contact tracing being carried out?
NHS Test and Trace is carrying out contact tracing for early years and childcare settings. You no longer have this responsibility as a registered provider.
NHS Test and Trace works with individuals who tested positive (or their parent/guardian) to identify and issue advice to those they have been in close contact with.
Settings may on rare occasions be asked to assist NHS Test and Trace with information to help carry out the contact tracing. Settings may also hear from local health protection teams for help with contact tracing in the event of local outbreaks (see section below).
Who could be defined as a 'close contact' in my setting?
A child being in a setting with another child who has tested positive for coronavirus is not necessarily identified as a close contact. Being identified as a close contact usually depends on the extent to which a person has had prolonged social contact with a positive case and NHS Test and Trace will be best placed to determine this.
What is the 'Daily Testing of Contacts of Covid' policy?
On 14 December the Government in England introduced a new approach for daily testing of contacts of coronavirus (DTCC) as a measure to slow the spread of coronavirus.
Now, people who are fully vaccinated or children/young people aged between 5 and 18 years and 6 months identified as a close contact of Covid-19 case (whether Omicron or not) should take an rapid lateral flow test (LFD) daily for seven days and continue to attend the setting as normal, unless the result is positive.
Children under 5 years are exempt from self-isolation and do not need to take part in DTCC so can continue to attend the setting. If their contact is in their household, the child will be advised to get a PCR test.
UPDATE: As of 11 January, those who test positive on a lateral flow test do not have to take a confirmatory PCR test, but should still report the result online and self isolate. This is a temporary measure whilst coronavirus cases remain high. Read more here.
What are the rules around reduced isolation periods?
People identified as a positive coronavirus case may be able to end their isolation period early - after 7 days instead of 10.
The individual isolating with coronavirus should take two LFD tests, 24 hours apart on day 6 and 7, (i.e. 6 and 7 days after the symptoms began or a test was taken, if they did not have symptoms) and they can stop isolating on day 7 if both tests are negative and they do not have a high temperature.
Whilst LFD tests are not usually recommended for early years, if a child under five has tested positive for coronavirus their parent/guardian may choose to use LFD tests on day 6 and 7 to reduce the isolation period to 7 days, if both are negative.
This guidance applies to children attending settings as well as early years and childcare practitioners. Anyone who cannot test will need to complete the full 10 days isolation period.
NEW (APPLIES FROM 17 JANUARY) - The required self-isolation period will be reduced further, to 5 full days (i.e. ending isolation on day 6) if a person tests negative via LFD on days 5 and 6. Read more in our news story.
More information can be found in the Government's Stay at Home guidance.
Remember that this is Government guidance and you will know your setting and your families best. You can put in place additional arrangements if you feel it is necessary to ensure the safety of everyone in your setting. You could ask your parents how they may feel about this scenario and, if you feel it is necessary, consider updating your risk assessment and policies on the required isolation period before a child or staff member who has tested positive returns to the setting. As part of this, you would also need to consider your charging policy (see section below on policies and charging).
Can I refuse to allow a close contact to attend my setting?
The DfE states that providers can use their 'reasonable judgement' to decide to refuse a child entry to their setting if they feel it is necessary to protect others in the setting against potential coronavirus infection. The DfE reminds providers to consider all circumstances and current public health advice before coming to this decision.
You should weigh up the pros and cons of deciding to refuse a child into your setting, and have conversations about this scenario with parents in advance to set your expectations and come to reasonable agreements. As part of this you may also have to update your relevant policies.
I am a nanny. What happens if a member of the household (child I care for or member of family) where I work develops symptoms or tests positive?
In line with public health guidance, a nanny who does not live at their employer's house must not enter any household where someone is isolating due to testing positive for coronavirus, or has suspected coronavirus. They are not permitted to attend this place of work until the individual(s) has completed their isolation period or no longer has symptoms, whichever is longer.
If a child is identified as a household contact of a positive case, and is exempt from isolation (and has no symptoms and has not tested positive themselves) the nanny may agree with parents to care for the child 'off premises', as long as this is outdoors and the nanny does not enter the home. They are not permitted to take them to another indoor premises (e.g. their own home).
Live-in nannies should comply with guidance for households with possible or confirmed coronavirus.
How can I reduce the risk of coronavirus transmission in my setting?
The DfE recommends that settings have proportionate control measures to reduce the risk of coronavirus transmission, focusing on these four areas:
Ensuring good hygiene for everyone
Maintaining appropriate cleaning regimes, with regular cleaning of areas and equipment
Keeping occupied spaces well ventilated
Following public health advice on testing, self-isolation and managing confirmed cases of coronavirus
You should have these measures set out in your risk assessment. See PACEY's sample and template coronavirus risk assessment here. You also need to be prepared that in the event of an outbreak, or if you are contacted by a local health protection team and instructed to do so, you may need to take enhanced measures set out in your outbreak management plan (refer to section on outbreaks below).
You will also find it helpful to refer to the COVID-19: cleaning of non-healthcare settings outside the home guidance.
PACEY members can also get support on in the hygiene and prevention area of PACEY's Covid spotlight, including our course on CEY smart.
What do I do if a member of staff or child in my setting develops symptoms?
If anyone in the setting becomes unwell with a new, continuous cough or a high temperature, or has a loss of, or change in, their normal sense of taste or smell (anosmia), they must be sent home and advised to follow COVID-19 guidance for households with possible or confirmed coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, which sets out that they must self-isolate for their full isolation period and should arrange to have a PCR test to see if they have coronavirus.
If a child is awaiting collection, they should be moved, if possible, to a room where they can be isolated behind a closed door with appropriate adult supervision. Ideally, a window should be opened for ventilation. If it is not possible to isolate them, move them to an area which is at least 2 metres away from other people. If they need to go to the bathroom while waiting to be collected, they should be taken to a separate bathroom if possible with enhanced cleaning in place.
PPE should be worn by staff caring for the child while they await collection if a distance of 2 metres cannot be maintained (such as for a very young child or a child with complex needs).
As is usual practice, in an emergency, call 999 if someone is seriously ill or injured or their life is at risk. Anyone with coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms should not visit the GP, pharmacy, urgent care centre or a hospital.
Any members of staff who have helped someone with symptoms and any children who have been in close contact with them do not need to go home to self-isolate. However, they must self-isolate and arrange for a test if they develop symptoms themselves (in which case, they should arrange a test), or they have been advised to do so by NHS Test and Trace. If their test is then positive, they must self-isolate
In the vast majority of cases, settings and parents and carers will be in agreement that a child with coronavirus symptoms should not attend the setting, given the potential risk to others. In the event that a parent or carer insists on a child attending the setting, the setting can take the decision to refuse the child if in their reasonable judgement it is necessary to protect the other children and staff from possible infection). Any such decision would need to be carefully considered in light of all the circumstances and the current public health advice.
What if a child in my setting or member of staff has tested positive for coronavirus?
If a child or member of staff tests positive, you must notify Ofsted (or the childminder agency you are registered with). Reports should be made as soon as possible, ideally within 14 days as a maximum. Guidance on reporting confirmed cases can be found here.
You can call the DfE advice helpline on 0800 046 8687 and select option 1 for advice on actions to take in response to a positive case. They will escalate your issue to a local health protection team who will let you know if any of the measures in your outbreak management plan should be taken.
If you have had multiple cases within your setting this may class as an 'outbreak'. Refer to the section below on what to do in the event of an outbreak.
I am a childminder with a positive case in my household. Do I need to close? What if I am fully vaccinated?
If a member of your household has tested positive for coronavirus or has symptoms, you cannot accept children into your setting. You must wait until all household members have finished isolation and/or sickness periods, whichever is the longest.
PACEY has been working with Department for Education (DfE) to identify any mitigations that childminders can take to operate if they have a coronavirus case in their household. The DfE has now outlined various options for childminders that have not been not been advised to self-isolate but cannot childmind from their own home due to a positive case including:
Operating from another registered premises (e.g. another childminder's home)
Operating from an unregistered premises (e.g. a relative's home)
Operating from a self-contained building (e.g. a cabin in the garden, provided it meets certain requirements)
Remaining in public premises such as a park
Childminders can continue to look after children on other premises – e.g. other domestic premises or approved non-domestic premises. It may be beneficial to have backup arrangements in place by building relationships with local childminders with whom you may be able to work in the event that you have a positive case in your household. Remember that you should notify Ofsted to let them know if you are working in other premises. As always, talk to your families about the arrangements you may be able to put in place if this situation to ensure they are supportive. You should also review your risk assessment and check your public liability insurance before making a temporary change to your premises.
You can read more about the rules around isolation and household contacts in DfE's Q&A document here.
I am a childminder with a positive case in my household – if they isolate in an outbuilding of my property, can I continue to operate in the house?
Yes, you may continue to childmind in the main building of your home if a member of your household has COVID-19 symptoms or a positive test and you meet all the following requirements:
the person self-isolating does not enter the building where you are working at any time during their self-isolation
there is no one else living in the household that is required to self-isolate because they have symptoms or a positive test
close-contacts that are required to self-isolate do not have any contact with the children being cared for
a thorough clean of the property (including window opening) is conducted before childminding
and the outbuilding/extension:
has its own entrance/exit and you don't have to enter your home to access it
doesn't have direct access to the main house
Please do remember that if an individual is self-isolating in an outbuilding, it will be important that someone checks regularly on their welfare.
I am a childminder with a 'close contact' in my household, who does not have symptoms or a positive test. Do I need to close?
If the childminder's household member is a close contact of a positive case but does not have symptoms or a positive test, the childminding setting can remain open, as long as the close contact does not have any contact with the children in the setting. The household members should follow the advice for all close contacts set out above.
The Government has introduced 7-Day Daily Testing of Contacts of Covid (DTCC) for people who are identified as a contact of a positive case and who are fully vaccinated or aged between 5-18. The household member may be able to take daily tests as an alternative to isolation. More information on this policy is outlined here.
What is defined as an 'outbreak' within my setting?
The Government's contingency framework describes the principles of managing local outbreaks of COVID-19 in education and childcare settings. In this framework, the definition of an outbreak depends on the size of the setting.
For settings with a total of 20 people or less (staff and children) 2 cases in 10 days where those two people are likely to have mixed with each other, is considered an outbreak.
For larger settings, 5 cases within 10 days where those people mix with each other (or 10% of the total number of people in the setting, whichever is reached first) is considered an outbreak.
Remember that all settings are unique, and you should use your judgement to consider whether you need to take additional measures for the safety of those in your setting.
If in doubt, you should call the DfE's dedicated advice service who will escalate the issue to your local health protection team where necessary and advise if any additional action is required, such as implementing elements of your outbreak management plan. You can reach them by calling the DfE helpline on 0800 046 8687 and selecting option 1 for advice on the action to take in response to a positive case.
The Government may also offer local areas of particular concern an 'enhanced response package' to help limit increases in transmission.
How do I know whether to take extra measures in my setting? And what if I think I have an outbreak but haven't been contacted by NHS Test and Trace?
For most settings, it will make sense to think about taking extra action if the number of positive cases in your setting substantially increases.
You should call the DfE helpline on 0800 046 8687 and select Option 1 to speak to the DfE's dedicated advice team. They will let you know if any additional measures or actions need to be taken.
What does my outbreak management plan need to include?
As stated within the Department for Education's early years FAQs "You should have outbreak management plans outlining how you would operate if there were an outbreak in your setting or local area. Given the detrimental impact that restrictions on education can have on children, any measures in settings should only ever be considered as a last resort, kept to the minimum number of settings or groups possible, and for the shortest amount of time possible.
See PACEY's sample outbreak management plan which is a free download for PACEY members which outlines some of the measures you may wish to include.
Example measures are set out in the Government's contingency framework although note that this also covers larger types of education and childcare settings. The measures you choose will be individual to your setting. If you have any doubts, your local health protection team can advise on action to take.
What is the rapid testing programme in early years settings?
Currently the DfE strongly encourages staff to continue taking twice weekly home tests (lateral flow devices) to identify any asymptomatic cases. The Government has said it will review this at the end of September. Childminding settings may also want to consider doing the same with other household members.
UPDATE: As of 11 January 2022, those who test positive on a lateral flow test do not have to take a confirmatory PCR test, but should still report the result online and self isolate. This is a temporary measure whilst coronavirus cases remain high. Read more here.
How do I access and order rapid tests?
PVI nurseries and pre-schools have been receiving LFD testing kits directly since March 2021. They should direct queries around supply ordering and delivery to NHS Test and Trace on 119 (rather than the DfE Helpline which was the previous contact for these queries).
The DfE has a dedicated sharing platform with resources around the rapid testing programme for PVI nurseries here.
Childminders can access rapid tests by either:
Attending a test site to get tested where they will be able to see how to take the test or pick up tests to do at home. Find your nearest test site here or check your local council website.
Attending a collection site to collect tests to do at home (you can obtain two boxes of seven tests). Find your nearest collection site here:
Ordering tests online (you can order one box per day of seven tests for home delivery).
What do I do if a member of staff tests positive from a lateral flow device test?
The LFD test will give a result in around 30 minutes. Staff must report their result (whether positive, negative or void) to Test and Trace as soon as the test is completed either online or by telephone as per the instructions in the home test kit. If your rapid test result is positive, you should self-isolate immediately (failure to do so could result in a fine) and continue to follow the 'stay at home' guidance for households with possible coronavirus infection.
PACEY worked with DfE to allow childminders to state their profession (as well as other early years and childcare practitioners) when reporting their result. Full instructions on how to do this can be found here.
Some people may be eligible to receive a £500 Test and Trace Support Payment Test and Trace Support Payment or discretionary payment from their Local Authority if told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace. In this case, you will be asked to take a confirmatory PCR test.
How can I encourage members of staff to get the coronavirus vaccine?
The vaccine is currently available to anyone over the age of 18 (and 16-17 year olds are advised to get their first dose only) and children aged 12-17 with health conditions that put them at higher risk from Covid-19 or who live with a vulnerable adult. For more information on vaccinations visit the NHS website.
Whilst the vaccination is not mandatory for those working in education and childcare settings, it is encouraged as a way to help stop the spread of the virus. You can encourage vaccine take up and enable staff who are eligible for a vaccination to attend booked appointments where possible.
Public Health England has a range of free downloadable resources including posters, videos and social media assets to help support vaccine uptake in your setting.
Some members of staff or families you care for may still choose not to get the vaccine. In this case, you can choose to use your other tools to enhance safety such as regular asymptomatic testing of staff, maintaining hygiene and cleaning standards, and ensuring good ventilation in the setting.
What are the rules around travelling into England from abroad?
From 7 January fully vaccinated passengers (those who have received two or more doses of an approved vaccine) and under 18s will no longer be required to take a pre-departure test before travelling into England. They will be asked to take a PCR test within 2 days of arrival but do not need to self-isolate whilst waiting for the result. From Sunday 9 January, these passengers can take a lateral flow device (LFD) test instead of a PCR test on day 2, however these have to be purchased privately rather than through the NHS free testing programme.
The rules for unvaccinated adults does not change - they need to take a pre-departure PCR test and PCR tests on both day two and day eight after arriving, and self-isolate for 10 days.
Government guidance states that "Children aged 4 and under do not have to take any COVID-19 travel tests." Children aged 5-17 follow the rules for fully vaccinated travellers.
Read the full guidance for travel into England from abroad here.
How do I manage paperwork and policies with Covid-19?
You will need to continue to review your existing policies and procedures to ensure that they adequately cover the changes in circumstances and to ensure you can operate safely.
PACEY has regularly updated key sample policies (including health and safety, risk assessment, illness and infection control and food and drink) for you to adapt to the specific needs of your setting. These policies are updated regularly as guidance changes.
You can also access a variety of paperwork in our Covid-19 reopening toolkit spotlight here.
Can I charge a parent who chooses to keep their child at home?
The legal requirement for close contacts to self-isolate if the individual is under 18 years of age or fully vaccinated (2 weeks minimum from final dose) was lifted on 16 August 2021. After this date, if parents choose to keep children who are close contacts at home (when they are no longer required by law to) the legal position generally remains that if your service is open and available, then charges can be made.
As always we advise that you work with families to come to suitable mutual agreements based on their individual circumstances. It is important that your contracts remain balanced and reasonable and you should always consider the potential implications on your business. For example, you may agree to reduce charges if you feel that a family will be unable to afford the full charge if they cannot work during the child's isolation.
You may decide not to charge in these circumstances or to charge a reduced retainer as this may support parents to self-isolate, even if there is not a legal requirement to do so. You should consider if this would be beneficial to your business as part of wider efforts to avoid an outbreak within your setting. Any such changes to your usual contract would need to be agreed with the parent in writing. All childcare businesses are individual, and you will know your business and your families best.
PACEY members can contact our legal team for advice on individual contract issues. You can also access information from the Competitions Market's Authority on consumer law.
What was the information shared by CMA regarding COVID-19 and retainer fees?
At the end of April 2020, The Competitions and Markets Authority (CMA) launched an investigation regarding the early years sector and charging retainer fees during the COVID-19 pandemic. After this was announced, PACEY worked closely with CMA alongside sector colleagues the National Day Nurseries Association (NDNA) and the Scottish Childminding Association (SCMA) to provide evidence and information about the complex financial issues in the early years sector.
The CMA then issued an open letter to the sector as well as guidance specifically on Covid-19 restrictions and consumer law advice for nurseries and early years settings.
Our PACEY contracts are regularly reviewed by our legal team. In light of this advice and guidance from The CMA regarding voluntary 'retainer' fees, we have re-checked our contracts and have needed no change at this point.
Where can I find further information and support around the CMA?
In regards to the CMA guidance and advice regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and charging voluntary/retainer fees, we have some FAQs available to members here.
As every situation is unique, we would encourage all PACEY members to ring the free legal helpline if they wish to discuss their situation in more detail. The number can be found here.
What do I do if I have vulnerable children or staff in my setting?
UPDATE: Following clinical studies showing that children and young people are at very low risk of serious illness from coronavirus, those aged under 18 in England and Wales are no longer considered Clinically Extremely Vulnerable (CEV) and have been removed from the Shielded Patient List. These people and their families will be informed of this change via a letter from the Department for Health and Social Care. Further information can be found in this Q&A document.
Clinically extremely vulnerable people are advised to follow the same guidance as everyone else, however as they are at higher risk of becoming ill from coronavirus, there are additional precautions in place in the guidance for the clinically extremely vulnerable. Whilst shielding was paused from 1 April 2021, those who are clinically extremely vulnerable are advised to take extra precautions.
All children should attend early years provision, school, college, wraparound childcare and out-of-school settings, unless they are one of the very small number of children under paediatric or other specialist care and have been advised by their GP or clinician not to attend. If you or any parents have any concerns about welcoming back a child who was previously shielding, you will find some information here.
In your coronavirus risk assessment you should set out any additional measures and precautions for vulnerable people in your setting.
What financial support is available if I have to close my setting due to self-isolation?
If you've been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace or the NHS COVID-19 app, you may be eligible to apply for a Test and Trace Support Payment of £500.
You may be eligible if you are on a low income and:
you're employed or self-employed
you, or a child you're the parent or guardian of, have been told to self-isolate due to coronavirus (COVID-19)
you cannot work from home and will lose income by self-isolating or staying at home to care for the child
You need to claim the payment within 42 days of you (or your child's) first day of self-isolation.
Discretionary payments of £500 are also available for people on low incomes who are not on means-tested benefits but who may still face hardship as a result of the requirement to self-isolate. Your local authority may have additional eligibility criteria in place for these discretionary payments so contact your LA to ask about this.
What other financial support is available to early years and childcare providers?
You can use this short questionnaire to help identify what your business would be eligible for from the government www.gov.uk/business-coronavirus-support-finder/y
The Self-employment Income Support Scheme (SEISS) and Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS) / furlough scheme have both closed.
Recovery loan scheme – At Autumn Budget 2021, the Chancellor announced that the Recovery Loan Scheme would be extended until 30 June 2022 to help businesses affected by Covid-19.
From 1 January 2022, the following changes will come into force:
The scheme will only be open to small and medium sized enterprises
The maximum amount of finance available will be £2 million per business
The guarantee coverage that the government will provide to lenders will be reduced to 70%
Mortgage holidays will continue to be on offer to those customers struggling to make their mortgage payments through the COVID-19 outbreak. Some banks are also offering further support to those struggling to repay personal loans. Contact your bank or building society to see what they can offer you.
How can I look after my mental health and that of my staff?
We have listed some useful resources and help below if you need it.
NHS Every Mind Matters
Having good mental health helps us to make sense of difficult times and enjoy our lives more. Take a look at expert advice, tips and more from the NHS support.
It is absolutely normal to be feeling anxious and worried about Coronavirus. Resources from Mind recognises this and give you tips and practical support to help.
Access some easy to read advice and information on how to look after your mental health and wellbeing during the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.
The coronavirus outbreak is affecting the way many of us live our lives, and it's normal that this will affect people's mental health. The Samaritans have gathered some resources together to help. If you need someone to talk to, please don't forget you can call the Samaritans at any time, for free, by calling 116 123.
The early years and childcare sector is playing a key part in the country's ongoing response to coronavirus.
Liz Bayram, PACEY Chief Executive, adds;
"I just wanted you to know that every single member of staff and every volunteer at PACEY is standing firmly behind you; working tirelessly to ensure you have the support you need to get through this difficult time. We are a small charity but we make up for it with our determination and dedication to support all of our members as well as the wider sector."


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One of the big hesitations for people who are thinking about taking the leap from a permanent job into freelance work is the idea that they'll somehow lose the structure that a traditional nine-to-five offers.
But as more people join the ranks of the freelance economy, shared spaces that provide that necessary framework and sense of community are becoming more common. The world of freelancing is more wide open than it's ever been and coworking spaces are there to help you gain momentum.
More and more people are discovering the joys of a flexible work schedule: clients you can choose and the freedom of moving from contract to contract. Coworking spaces, those places in which freelancers, entrepreneurs, small businesses, startups, and sole traders can gather with no corporate umbrella to dictate how they allocate their time, are on the rise. In Wellington alone there are a handful of spaces specifically designed for freelancers; spaces where you can work (for yourself, of course) alongside other like-minded individuals and share creative ideas and methodologies. Most coworking spaces are set up for individuals and small businesses, though some even cater to more mid-sized startups.
For those wanting to leave their "work-from-home" situation for a more structured environment, a coworking space is the perfect next step: designed for your needs, affordable, and ripe with inspiration. Because coworking spaces are so full of varying businesses and creative ideas, often times you'll receive motivation of some kind, and support, from the people who work in close proximity to you. As opposed to working from home, coworking spaces offer a vast array of resources that can help you solve challenging problems, build your network, and grow your business.
So What Do Coworking Spaces Offer?
Most coworking spaces provide individuals with all of the necessary workplace requisites: a desk and chair, wifi, a printer/scanner, coffee and tea. Some, however, offer some really cool features to make your workspace that much more unique. Movers & Shakers, located in the Britomart area of Auckland, has a "30ft inflatable braincell" where people can work; Petridish, a shared office space in Dunedin, features murals painted by local artists.
Most coworking spaces understand the need to build a community of people who share common values. So these spaces will organise training events and talks geared towards the future of work, the nature of freelancing and contracting, and other innovative topics. With the increasing popularity of coworking spaces, we're also starting to see larger companies collaborate with these spaces in order to build an even more diverse community through public forums and workshops.
Some coworking spaces look like the inside of the bedroom from 2001: A Space Odyssey, while some offer a more rustic feel with fine wood finishes and exposed brick. Some coworking spaces are loose, warm networking hubs (such as Exchange in Christchurch), while others offer business development programmes, such as Ministry of Awesome (also in Christchurch).
Some coworking spaces are also attached to accelerator and investment programmes (The Ice House), so that you can get sound business advice for your creative ideas. These coworking spaces allow you to grow your startup or entrepreneurial business as you wish.
Of course, the pricing models of these coworking spaces vary greatly. Depending on the type of coworking space (eg, what services and amenities it provides, and how futuristic the interior looks), you can be paying as little as $20 a month or as much as $500 a month (prices not including GST). Some coworking spaces even offer free trials so that you can get a feel for the place, before you even spend a cent.
High-Speed Internet: this almost goes without saying, but you can't do much without Internet. No one wants to work in a space that has a poor connection; it will frustrate you and that isn't good for workflow.
Location: how far from home is too far? If you're giving up the "work-from-home lifestyle" you won't want to have to travel across town to work in a space that might end up costing $200/month. Moreover, the space itself is important: can you work at a chair all day or do you need a stand-up desk? How many people around you is too many?
24/7 access: perhaps this isn't high up on your list of priorities, but it can really hinder your work if you're trying to reach international markets and clients where their work hours don't quite align with your own. It'd be a pain to get locked out of your coworking space once the clock hits five.
Events/Community: given the steep pricetag for some of these coworking spaces, you want to feel like you're getting some extra perks with your monthly payments. Most spaces offer after work events, but some also offer guest speakers, workshops, and seminars.
An important thing to keep in mind is that, in this case, cheap doesn't always mean better. At a lot of these coworking spaces, you often get what you pay for.
As the freelance economy takes flight, expect to see more coworking spaces pop up all around the country and beyond. For now, here's a list of our favourite coworking spaces in New Zealand.
So Where Are New Zealand's Coworking Spaces?
BizDojo Auckland (three locations), Wellington (two locations), and Christchurch (two locations) Qb Studios Auckland (three locations), and Christchurch (two locations) Regus is a global network of coworking spaces, with locations in Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, and Dunedin.
FabLabs: a resource for makerspaces and hands-on creative spaces.
As is the nature of the gig economy, co-working spaces come and go with the change of the wind. Be sure to check back here frequently for updates on your favourite spaces and new ones that might better suit your needs. We reckon this list will help you more confidently take The Leap into fulfilled freelancing: even popping into one of these spaces might do you a world of difference.
If we've missed one of your favourite coworking spaces, or if you've got ideas about what else you want to see, don't be afraid to reach out. And if you've got some tips on finding a space, we'd love to hear from you too!


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Superman The Movie Online Slot
Published: Sep 11th, 2018 | Updated: Oct 26th, 2022
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Josefin Abrahamsson, född 4 oktober 1979, är en svensk bordtennisspelare inom handikappidrotten.

Hon är singelspelare och tävlar i klassen 8, enligt handikappsystemet, där 1-5 representerar rullstolsburna och 6-10 stående spelare (högre klass representerar högre rörelsekapacitet). Hennes första internationella medalj togs under VM i Korea 2006, där hon slutade på andra plats. Hon har också tagit två medaljer i paralympiska sommarspelen, silver i Peking 2008 och brons i London 2012. Hon har en medfödd halvsides CP-skada vilket gör att hon har nedsatt rörelsekapacitet.

Externa länkar

 ABRAHAMSSON Josefin (SWE) vs MAHMOUD Eman (EGY) i Paraolympics 2012

Referenser
http://www.sydsvenskan.se/sport/josefin-abrahamsson/
https://archive.is/20130418103240/http://www.handikappidrott.se/templates/PresentationPage.aspx?id=8436

Födda 1979
Kvinnor
Levande personer
Svenska bordtennisspelare
Svenska paralympiska silvermedaljörer
Svenska paralympiska bronsmedaljörer
Svenska paralympiska deltagare 2012

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Florida trooper who pulled over a speeding Miami Police officer ignored orders to back off and didn't relay all the facts of the traffic stop when initially interviewed, according to the report on the incident.
The report, issued by the inspector general of the Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles, stopped short of recommending disciplinary action for Trooper Donna Jane Watts.
Video of the Oct. 11 traffic stop in South Broward County went viral, and the incident sparked a vicious back-and-forth battle between officers of the two agencies.
Watts, who detained Miami officer Fausto Lopez at gunpoint after clocking him at 120 mph in his cruiser, ignored an order from her supervisor to "back off" because she thought he meant "slow down." Watts later told her supervisors what happened, but left out important details—like the fact that she pulled her gun on Lopez, reports the Palm Beach Post.


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How schools provide to students during the coronavirus closure
April 20, 2020, 1:46 p.m. | By Mercedes Pierce | 9 months ago
MCPS continues to provide support and education to the community through the COVID-19 pandemic
The critical role that schools play in the lives of students, families and communities has become obvious as that role has been threatened by the COVID-19 pandemic. As Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) closed, they were forced to address the responsibility that they have to provide necessities, such as meals and technology, to thousands of students across the county. For those who depend on schools for their everyday needs, school closures present many difficulties.
In order to address the need for food in the community, MCPS has set up meal distribution stations across the county where two meals per day are accessible to people ages eighteen and under. At Blair, one of over forty distribution locations, staff from the school along with other volunteers distribute meals between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m. everyday. The distribution site, which is run by Blair cafeteria manager Christine Blanton, runs like a well-oiled machine. The staff are ready with plastic bags of food which is then delivered to cars that pull up, limiting contact between families and the staff. Blanton put an emphasis on their efforts to maintain cleanliness at the site. "We have gloves, we have hand sanitizer," she said. "They switch up every ten minutes and change gloves and put hand sanitizer on their hands."
As the county has transitioned to alternative forms of education, they have expressed their desire to ensure that their distance learning is as equitable as possible. In order to enable online learning, MCPS has passed out Chromebooks and mobile Wi-Fi hotspot devices alongside the daily meals. In a letter from the MCPS superintendent Jack Smith, he said that the digital devices "will help ensure our students can fully engage in this new model" and that "these devices will be prioritized for students in need."
Regardless of MCPS' valiant efforts to make distance learning effective and equitable, it has proven impossible to match in-person education. With no guarantee that every student has the adequate resources and environment to complete normal school work, the county limited teachers to only two additional grades for marking period three. As the prospect of long-term distance learning becomes more of a reality, MCPS will have to continue to engineer ways to ensure equitable learning as well as provide students and families with daily necessities.
Last updated: April 20, 2020, 4:08 p.m.
Tags: coronavirus MCPS
Mercedes Pierce. Hi! I am a junior and this is my first year on Silver Chips Online. I enjoy reading and writing about sports and politics as well as being a dancer and a baseball fan. More »
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The Latest: Bubble bursts for Monmouth, South Carolina
Coach's challenge on docket for NHL general managers meeting
16 things you need to know right now about the 2016 NCAA tournament
BY foxsports • March 13, 2016
1. Though we like to complain about anything and everything associated with the NCAA tournament bracket, the selection committee did a pretty good job this year with its most important job: placing teams in the bracket. Seedings can be overrated. The difference between a No. 1 and No. 2 seems big, but it's really not. You're not facing the other top team in your region until the final, and the road you take to get there will be far different than the chalk you see today. Plus, if other seedings are wonky, the path of a No. 2 might be easier than the path of a No. 1, even if the region goes chalk. You just have to win games.
So what really matters is putting the right teams in the right region and not making any one too light or too heavy. And though the bracket on Sunday night will look nothing like the blown-up bracket we'll see on Friday night, for now at least, this looks very Bernie Sanders-esque. The wealth has been spread.
2. There was maybe one bad pick from the 36 at-large teams. I know this is not the sexy opinion to have, but all things being equal, there aren't too many things to criticize. The biggest is Tulsa's inclusion, obviously. But we've had years when there's been four or five outrages. This year, it's pretty much Tulsa. Monmouth could have easily taken their spot. (Though those hyping the Hawks may not have looked at their schedule recently. Unfortunately for Monmouth, some of its great early-season wins -- UCLA, USC and Georgetown -- weren't nearly as impressive in March as they were in November.) South Carolina has no beef: Don't lose to Georgia twice in the last eight days of the season if you want a bid. Any team that didn't make it can't complain. They could have made the point moot by winning another game or two.
(Photo by Rich Barnes/Getty Images)
3. OK, Syracuse didn't deserve a bid either, I guess. They had the worst RPI of any at-large team in the 68-team era. But that's a lame argument because it's likely coming from folks who spend all season ripping the RPI (because it's awful), then uses it when it helps back up their beliefs come March. The 'Cuse has a good efficiency rating, had just one bad loss (St. John's) and dropped their ACC tournament game in the final seconds to another NCAA tourney team.
4. How much should we wager that CBS will be going back to an hour-long selection show next year? Look, I love Charles Barkley and it's fine having him on set during the tournament because he's funny and has somewhat of an opinion on games that are going on or have already happened. But putting Chuck on the selection show and forcing him to talk about schools he's never heard of was a bit much.
5. Virginia has Michigan State in its region for the third-straight year. If you make the assumption that UVA was the last No. 1 team and Michigan State was the best No. 2 seed, I suppose it was unavoidable. But UVA coach Tony Bennett cannot be pleased with this development, especially when Oregon gets maybe the worst No. 2 in Oklahoma, a team that rides or dies with Buddy Hield.
6. The best team in the country (Kansas) has potential landmines in every regional game, starting in the second: UConn, Maryland, Villanova. Then again, each of those teams is capable of losing far before they'd face off against the Jayhawks.
(AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)
7. Though everything was pretty equal, we still have to pick a toughest and easiest region because, well, we have to. That's the fun of a clean bracket. So, let's go with the Oregon/Oklahoma/Texas A&M/Duke/Baylor region as the easiest and Kansas/Villanova/Miami/Cal/Maryland as the hardest.
8. The First Four is a travesty. It's unfair to the teams that earn an automatic bid and then have to play another No. 16 seed just to get to the real March Madness. It just shouldn't exist. But since the NCAA is enamored of it, at least have every game feature at-large teams.
9. Why does the committee always seem to match up Kentucky with the mid-major who could have a fun, deep run in the tournament? UK drew Stony Brook, a team that lost its conference final in heartbreaking fashion over the past few years, and then was carried on its back on Saturday by senior Jameel Warney, who scored 43 of his team's 80 points (a school record) and could be the breakout star of the NCAA tournament. It's ironic; you don't want Kentucky in the first round because they're Kentucky. But if you beat Kentucky, you're an NCAA tournament legend for life. There's like a 65 percent chance you make the opening CBS montage with your celebration. Beat another No. 4 seed (say, Iowa State) and it'll make Stony Brook folks very happy.
(Brett Rojo-USA TODAY Sports)
10. Seriously, Tulsa's bid was so shocking and surprising that I'm genuinely curious whether the coaches and players were even watching. Someone made a list of 59 different bracket predictions and none -- ZERO -- featured the Golden Hurricane.
11. Xavier and Weber State play in the "you're mispronouncing it" game.
12. The first-round game between Miami and Buffalo could be interesting, but they'll just end up losing to the Patriots anyway.
13. Instead of grilling the selection committee president about Tulsa, St. Bonaventure, Syracuse, Monmouth and other schools, I wanted an explanation about how Kansas is the top seed in the South while Virginia is the top seed in the Midwest.
(Daniel De Mato/Newsday via AP) NYC OUT, NO SALES
14. Best first-round games: 1) Vanderbilt (11) vs. Wichita State (11), First Four; 2) Kentucky (4) vs. Stony Brook (13); 3) Baylor (5) vs. Yale (12)
15. Worst first-round games (not including games involving top-four seeds): 1) Iowa (7) vs. Temple (10), Dayton (7) vs. Syracuse (10); Michigan (11) vs. Tulsa (11), First Four
16. When you start work Monday, the NCAA tournament will tip off in 75 hours. Assume you'll be sleeping for 23 of those hours and that leaves 43 hours of consciousness. Of those, you should be spending roughly 41 of those hours -- except for filling out brackets -- learning which guys on UNC-Wilmington will get sucker-punched by Grayson Allen and, of course, coming back to FOXSports.com over and over again for the best NCAA tournament coverage around.


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Hanna Harris's Family Reflects on Her Disappearance
Dometi Pongo discusses Hanna Harris's sudden disappearance with her family, and Desi Rodriguez-Lonebear talks about a frightening epidemic among indigenous women.
The Hills: New BeginningsS1
It's Time to Start All Over Again
The cast of The Hills gets a fresh start when The Hills: New Beginnings premieres on June 25 on MTV AU and MTV NZ.
Can These MTV Stars Find Their One and Clonely?
MTV stars are set up with seven identical singles who match their ideal physical type in a dating show unlike any other when Game of Clones premieres March 26.
The Challenge: War of the WorldsS33
The Challenge: War Of The Worlds | Know Your Enemies and Know Yourself
Peace is impossible when The Challenge: War of the Worlds premieres on Monday, March 4.
Lindsay Lohan's Beach ClubS1
Lindsay Lohan's Beach Club - It May be Paradise, But This Is Not a Vacation
Wednesdays will be red hot when Lindsay Lohan's Beach Club premieres on January 9.
Welcome to Lindsay Lohan's Beach Club: It's Her Club, Done Her Way
It's a quest to build an empire in Mykonos, Greece, and only the best of the best will do when Lindsay Lohan's Beach Club premieres January 9 at 12pm - Same time as the US and only on MTV!


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Marks and Spencer are known for their quality in pants and socks. Can they deliver on coffee too? Have a read of our Marks and Spencer reviews here and vote for your favourite. Actually, a little bird told me some, if not all, of the M&S coffees are actually made by Taylors of Harrogate. Fact.
Marks and Spencer Ethiopian Yirgacheffe Coffee
The first Marks and Spencer coffee we've had in a while - they've changed all their packaging now so its all less glitzy and more down to earth - brown bags are the fashion these days. This has all sorts of bold claims on the packet - floral, apricot, Jasmine... it would be easier to list what isn't in there. Still - poncy descriptive aside - this is a great, quirky coffee. Firstly it looks so inviting - it's one of those that as you stir it up in your pot it forms a lovely creamy head which looks so appetising. And it lasts even as you pour it into the cup - it almost delivers a cappuccino from a caffetiere. Taste-wise, well, it really is fruity - normal for an east African coffee it's got that zesty citrus taste that cuts through that sleepy Monday morning and gets you where you want to be. It seems to be lightly roasted - the colour in the cup would encourage anyone to drink it - unlike some, that although taste good, do look as unappetising as a vat of old sump oil. The only downside is you can't really knock this one up too strong - if you over do it the zesty lemons turn to lead balloons and it's like sucking on a handful of pocket change. Overall, a great and one to serve to the uninitiated who will be impressed that you know what your doing with your plunger. 9/10
Read more about Marks and Spencer Ethiopian Yirgacheffe Coffee
Marks and Spencer Kenyan Coffee
Despite all the bold claims on the back of the packet that this is "Bursting with delicious citrus notes" it's not quite true. OK it does have a lemony twang to it - but somehow it just tastes a bit cheap - like stirring a spoon of Lift into an averagely drinkable coffee. It's still nice enough, and the coffee taste hangs around in your mouth after you've glugged it. But in the end, the citrus twist just isn't enough to elevate this thing. Maybe it's because it's a strength 3 which us judges cannot cope with. If this had a bit more grunt, it'd be there. So, if you want a kiddie-level introduction to Kenyan Coffee, this one will probably do you well - it's rated a 12A, or a (6/10)
Read more about Marks and Spencer Kenyan Coffee
Marks and Spencer Colombian Coffee Beans
We picked up two M&S'ers at the same time and the other one - the Luxury Italian - was bleedin' awful. Because this one looks so similar, in our heads, this one was going to be shonky as well. But hang on!! We were wrong!! This one has a real citrus twist to it - even the ground beans smelt a bit like a lemon farm. Tasting it too, the first thing you get is the slightly citrus taste more usual with those high altitude east African coffees - we've not had this taste in a South American one before. The follow through gulps are smooth and sweet - and the end effect is you just want more. The only criticism this judge could possibly make was maybe it's not quite strong enough. If this was a strength 5 it would be a 10/10, but as it stands, it's a 9/10.
Read more about Marks and Spencer Colombian Coffee Beans
Marks and Spencer Luxury Italian Coffee
This is not just Luxury Italian Coffee. It's fucking awful Luxury Italian Coffee. This one claims all sorts on the packet - but forgets to mention lack of flavour and all round general weedy-ness. This is only marginally better than instant - if someone offered it to you at their house you would be grateful that it least is was real coffee, but it wouldn't be worth the effort of making it yourself, you may as well spoon up a Nescafe and save yourself the bother - and disappointment. The final inch in the cup really sealed it - a bitter nasty mess. This Judge's summing up: starts disappointing, ends badly. Gets a 4/10.
Read more about Marks and Spencer Luxury Italian Coffee
Marks and Spencer Christmas Coffee
We've cracked - it's only mid November and we've been suckered in to this Christmas Coffee from M&S. In theory, we should love it - it should be totally over the top and over indulgent. Don't waste your time - it isn't! There's more flavour in a bucket of reindeer's milk. It's just totally lacking uuumph. We immediately spooned it up a notch for the second cup and that made no difference either. This is meant to be a strength 4 - but it's more like a 2. It's not horrible though - it's the kind of just-about-ok-coffee that you might get made when visiting a friend's house. If you don't want to be over powered, if you like mellow, then you may well like this. Otherwise, it's a no no. 5/10
Read more about Marks and Spencer Christmas Coffee
Marks and Spencer Espresso Coffee
This is a real bad boy. It's ground super espresso fine, which means it's very hard to get your weights and measures right. So much so, the first two of these we had were as fierce as a Tiger with it's manhood in a vice. Don't go near it. But despite the skull cracking power, the underlying taste still came through. We knew that deep down this was a good 'un. But it took three failed cups to get the dosage right before we finally got the taste of the real deal. And let me tell you, it's a trooper. One of those coffees that can take any amount of milk without becoming too sickly. It would probably make a good Latte, if you're that way inclined. Once again though with the M&S'er, the difficulty in getting it right is the only thing to detract from a top score from this Judge...9/10
Read more about Marks and Spencer Espresso Coffee
Marks and Spencer Colombian Coffee
Arriving at the office first thing on a Monday morning we find that the carpets have been cleaned over the weekend. Now they didn't seem that bad last week, but the assault on the nose this morning was like the Charge of the Light Brigade armed only with lemons. It seems that if you run out of carpet shampoo, Lemsip makes a good alternative. This coffee is claiming a "fruity acidity" - yet this morning everything has a fruity acidity. This is not a good neutral environment for a Judge. So it comes back out over the next few days - and it proves tricky to get right. Even though were sure we make it exactly the same each time, one is foamy, one is heavy and dirty tasting and one is even light and creamy. How can it vary this much? The final one though comes good. There's plenty of depth of flavour and no after taste at all. But still no sign of the fruit. Not one I'd rush out and buy again, but perfectly fine. (6/10)
Read more about Marks and Spencer Colombian Coffee
Marks and Spencer Cafe Connoisseur Dark Roast Coffee
This is a first - we had this one first thing and now we've had it again in the afternoon. The reason? It's a little beauty. Marks and Spencer have done us proud here with a rich tasting brew that lingers on the tongue as you swallow it down. It packs a meaty punch - it's a proper strength 5 for sure. Why aren't there more strength 5s about? It's not cheap though - I paid about £3.50 for this which puts it in the middle ground. This is coming in with a top score - only dipped down one point because there was no standout single quality to mention. Although the grind is perfect for the caffetiere - no sludge AT ALL left in the cup - that's a first! Judged at 9/10
Read more about Marks and Spencer Cafe Connoisseur Dark Roast Coffee


Ditched by her friends, Britney Amber takes Alex up on his offer to play a round. They have a little fun, but Britney has a better idea. She ups the ante by taking off her top, because the only thing better than bowling is boinking!


text:
CHELI german Horacio
The Patagonian Steppe biogeographic province: Andean region or South American transition zone?
ROIG-JUÑENT, SERGIO A.; GRIOTTI, MARIANA; CECILIA DOMÍNGUEZ, MARTHA; AGRAIN, FEDERICO A.; CAMPOS-SOLDINI, PAULA; CARRARA, RODOLFO; CHELI, GERMÁN; FERNÁNDEZ-CAMPÓN, FLORENCIA; FLORES, GUSTAVO E.; KATINAS, LILIANA; MUZÓN, JAVIER R.; NEITA-MORENO, JHON C.; PESSACQ, PABLO; SAN BLAS, GERMAN; SCHEIBLER, ERICA E.; CRISCI, JORGE V.
ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA
WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
Lugar: Londres; Año: 2018 p. 1 - 1
America comprises three biogeographic regions: Nearctic, Neotropical and Andean.In between them, two transition zones (TZ) have been proposed: Mexican and SouthAmerican. The biogeographic provinces belonging to a TZ have no predominance ofbiotic elements pertaining to each of its bordering regions. Regarding the Andean region, one of its provinces, the Patagonian Steppe, presents a mixture of different biogeographic elements, which are typical of transition zones. Because of this, we assessed whether the Patagonian Steppe belongs to the Andean region or whether it forms the southernmost part of the South American TZ. We gathered phylogenetic information from 177 taxa that inhabit the Patagonian Steppe and established to which biogeographic element they belong. We followed the criterion that an area can be considered as part of a region when at least 70% of its biota has the same origin, that is belongs to the same biogeographic element. In contrast, when the biota of an area presents a similar percentage of its different biogeographic elements, it could be considered as belonging to a transition zone. We found that the Patagonian Steppe presents a similar proportion of genera of Andean as well as neotropical origin. Therefore, we propose that this province should be included in the South American transition zone. Moreover, inclusion of the Patagonian Steppe as part of this TZ willmake it the largest TZ of America, encompassing most of the arid lands of SouthAmerica.


That's what you want, that's what you deserve. In an era when time is money and success is measured in one's ability to perform on time every time, minutes count. You do not have time for backordered parts, faulty workmanship, or busy phone line. We are aware of your concerns and others like them. These are the reasons we are in business today.
For over 25 years, Daco Jaw Company has been a reliable source of quality American made workholding products and accessories. Service and pricing have become the key reasons we have developed into a leading manufacturer in our field. Quality workmanship and experienced engineering go into every chuck jaw we stamp our name on.


Washington's Asotin County Board of Commissioners and the City of Clarkston are prioritizing a 2018 budget proposal that will fund connecting to an existing fiber optic network.
The plan is to take advantage of the fiber optic lines laid by Port of Clarkston over the last few years. It's estimated to cost around $50,000 and will connect the municipalities remote central management systems such as city hall, police and fire agencies, community services building, and the county jail.
Beyond better connectivity, the fiber will provide a more reliable level of security for all the connected municipal entities while providing a single countywide server for centralized storage and backups. Community leaders also expect to cut telecommunications costs because they will no longer need to pay for expensive leased lines from incumbent ISPs.
It's unclear how much Asotin County and Clarkston will save on their internet service if they successfully connect to the fiber optic network. That said, the initial build-out costs to connect are substantially lessened, thanks to Port of Clarkston's recent fiber initiative.
This summer, Port of Lewiston and Clarkston settled on how they would connect their respective fiber networks, settling on the point of connection and the logistics for the conduit. Today both municipalities are offering dark fiber connectivity to community anchor institutions, local ISPs, and businesses.
Neighbor to Port of Lewiston and Clarkston, Whitman County has operated a similar network for over ten years. The three municipalities have formed a loop connecting Idaho and Washington state. With the possible entrance of Asotin County, the connectivity web in this pocket of the Northwest will expand even further.
Image of Asotin County map courtesy of Fred Smoot and the Washington US GenWeb Archives.
In true publicly owned network fashion, ECFiber in Vermont has increased speeds without raising rates. This is the third such speed increase in four years that did not come with a price increase. Even better, ECFiber plans to do it again next year.
All speeds from ECFiber are symmetrical, so upload and download speeds are the same. Later this year, the organization plans to increase speeds again and the organization will offer a gigabit plan.
Municipal networks and regional networks make it a habit to increase speeds with modest or no price increases. We've noticed the behavior in several places, but gathered data for eight publicly owned networks in the state of Tennessee to highlight this characteristic.
Check out our Municipal Networks: Speed Increases & Affordable Prices fact sheet.
As we reported in March, the town-owned Communications Union District is expanding and building out in remaining member towns. They are also serving community facilities, such as schools, libraries, and town halls with the fastest speeds available for only $74 per month. Incumbents charge $2,000 per month for the same level of service. In a school, that comes to about $23,000 each year to free up for educational programs, rather than telecommunications costs.
Listen our recent conversation with Carole Monroe and Irv Thomae about the network in episode 251 of the Community Broadband Bits podcast.


We were recently going through our traffic stats, trying to game the system recognize trends to help us best optimize our content for our readers, and we came across an interesting pattern. We had a huge visitor spike on December 25, exploding in the late-afternoon, right around the time Christmas dinner would traditionally finish up.
It appears that after a joyous day of gifts and wrapping paper and kisses and thank-yous and handshakes and cheek-pinches, folks are indeed looking for a drink! Granted, we stoked the flames with our round-up articles for each city, in which we listed all the bars throwing open their doors on Christmas Day.
So, thanks to those generous publicans who tore themselves away from Aunt Edna, Uncle Joe and Cousin Billy to welcome holiday escapees into their establishments. By the looks of The Drink Nation traffic, you provided a much-desired service. Catch you at the bar next Christmas?


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Japan police probe death of Swiss-based financier
https://str.sg/3tPN
TOKYO (AFP) - Bodies believed to be those of an international financier and his wife who went missing from their swanky Tokyo apartment after returning from Switzerland have been unearthed in Japan, reports said on Tuesday.
Mr Makoto Shimomi, 51, who reportedly runs a Liechtenstein-based investment fund, and Ms Mie Shimomi, 48, disappeared after leaving their luxury condo in Tokyo's upmarket Ginza district on Dec 7.
The couple, who have a number of homes both in Japan and abroad and are reportedly known on Monaco's social scene, told friends they were going to a party 150 km outside the capital.
Police say there was no such event and they now believe the pair were kidnapped and strangled.
Television footage taken from a helicopter showed a large blue tent over a patch of soil in Saitama, just outside Tokyo, where police reportedly found the two bodies buried in shallow graves.
Local media reported investigators have confirmed the man's body to be that of Mr Shimomi and are close to confirming the identity of the other as his wife.
Police on Tuesday told AFP they were looking for a number of men in connection with the two deaths. Reports say all of those being sought are acquaintances of the dead man.
Jiji Press and Nippon Television said one man had been arrested on a sub-tropical island in Japan's far south.
Violent crime is rare in Japan and the country's media seizes on unnatural deaths to feed a public fascination.


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Ten Little Caterpillars
By Bill Martin Jr.
Illustrated by Lois Ehlert
Fixed Layout eBook
Ten little caterpillars are out and about in our big, wide world--come join them! You never know what you might find. . . . A butterfly, perhaps?
Readers of all ages have celebrated the work of Bill Martin Jr and Lois Ehlert ever since their first collaboration on Chicka Chicka Boom Boom more than twenty-five years ago. Now these two picture-book geniuses are together again in this dynamic and visually stunning counting-and-natural history picture book that's just perfect for reading aloud--and comes complete with a glossary filled with intriguing information about all of the caterpillar stars!
Bill Martin Jr.
Bill Martin Jr (1916–2004) has been called "America's favorite children's author." He wrote more than 300 books for children, including the classic texts Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?, illustrated by Eric Carle; and Chicka Chicka Boom Boom, illustrated by Lois Ehlert.
Photograph © Lillian Schultz
Lois Ehlert
Lois Ehlert has created numerous inventive, celebrated, and bestselling picture books, including Chicka Chicka Boom Boom, Holey Moley, The Scraps Book, Mice, Ten Little Caterpillars, RRRalph, Lots of Spots, Boo to You!, Leaf Man, Waiting for Wings, Planting a Rainbow, Growing Vegetable Soup, and Color Zoo, which received a Caldecott Honor. She lives in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Publisher: Beach Lane Books (August 2011)
Grades: P - 3
Children's Fiction > Concepts > Counting
Children's Fiction > Animals > Insects, Spiders, etc.
Children's Fiction > Nature & the Natural World
* "Martin's caterpillar counting rhyme has been given new life with gorgeous and bold watercolor collages from his Chicka Chicka Boom Boom collaborator, Ehlert. Readers can't be blamed for seeing this as a companion to Eric Carle's classic caterpillar tale...a graphically sumptuous book."
--Publishers Weekly, starred review
"From the accomplished creators of the classic Chicka Chicka Boom Boom (1989) comes this captivating, rhyming offering for the lap-sit crowd. Here, Ehlert lends her signature watercolor-collage artwork to the late Martin's text, which was originally published in 1967. On each spread, a different caterpillar moves through a brilliantly hued garden scene filled with flora and fauna, which are identified in small print. Many images, such as monarchs and roses, will be familiar to kids, while others, such as cabbage looper moths and gaillardias, will likely expand their knowledge...a final spread, featuring a countdown of each caterpillar and the butterfly it becomes, along with a few facts, creates a pleasing end to this beautiful title, which will be a natural hit with young children."
--Booklist, July 1, 2011
"Move over very hungry caterpillar—10 little caterpillars have arrived.
Martin's posthumous release rests in illustrator Ehlert's capable hands, resulting in a picture book that delivers on his reputation as a master of engaging, rhythmic, rhyming text as it presents some of Ehlert's best work to date. Arresting jacket art introduces 10 little caterpillars munching on a verdant, heart-shaped leaf against a white background. Open, white backgrounds of interior spreads allow the collages' vibrant colors to stand out in clean, visually dynamic spreads that invite readers to pore over the flora, other creatures and the caterpillars themselves who populate the pages. Each caterpillar from the jacket gets its own spread, with one climbing a cabbage head, another carried off to school in a jar and another falling into the sea. The 10th caterpillar, however, becomes a butterfly in a satisfying, if predictable, culmination of the verse. But wait—there's more! Concluding pages identify each caterpillar in sequence, provide readers with information about what they eat and reveal the kinds of moths and butterflies that result from their metamorphoses.
Equal parts counting book, nature book and ideal read-aloud fodder, this is a beauty of an offering from a familiar team."
--Kirkus Reviews, July 15, 2011, *STAR
"In this attractive counting book with a scientific flair, 10 little caterpillars creep and crawl through gardens, vegetable patches, and apple orchards.... Ehlert's watercolor collages, presented in the style of botanical illustrations complete with identifying labels, eloquently re-create the natural habitat of each creature.... An imaginative introduction to ordinal numbers and the process of metamorphosis."
--School Library Journal, August 2011
"In her most stunning artwork of recent memory, Ehlert's bold and bright illustrations in watercolor collage grace the book's large square pages and make the reader feel like he or she might even be able to step into the scene."
--Young Children, January 2012
ALA Notable Children's Books
Keystone to Reading Book Award Master List (PA)
Elizabeth Burr/Worzalla Noteworthy Title
Book Cover Image (jpg): Ten Little Caterpillars
More books from this author: Bill Martin Jr.
More books from this illustrator: Lois Ehlert
See more by Lois Ehlert


If you're a fan of the series, you'll immediately feel at home with the mission objectives and controls. For now, concentrate on taking out the targets since campaign missions can be hard to S-rank in the first playthrough. This mission is very simple and straightforward. You just need to engage and shoot down enemies as they appear in the operations area. Remember to toggle your radar as needed. Mission is completed once all targets have been shot down.
The F-16C is great for first timers. Make sure to fire your 4AAM only when you're either flying Head-on or when directly behind the targets. You don't have parts unlocked at the moment so you'll be relying on the default capacity of this SP weapon. Make sure to shoot down all escorts as well to increase your score.
Appears as a lone blip in the northwest grid after destroying the third bomber squadron (TU-95 x2 with Mig-21 x2 escorts). Watch out for Golem 1 Knocker's radio message "I'll give you some pointers back at base, if you can make it in one piece". The ace will appear in the specified spot shortly after that message. More details here.
Aircraft with great speed will allow you to catch up and engage targets faster. Take out multiple targets quickly using multi-target, air-to-air SP weapons like 4AAM, 6AAM, or 8AAM.


Save Money words on a chalkboard illustrating back to school savings or instructions on how to save on your education costs. Photo courtesy of Shutterstock.
College graduates might give strong thought to creating their own jobs by forming startups. Before doing so, grads should consider three financial tips found in the following post.
While many students may be looking forward to their internship experiences, they should consider how to manage their expenses. The following post has tips if you're an internship finder who needs to plan a budget.
How do you see your financial situation? The answer can impact the way you regard money. In the following post, learn methods that allow you to see your finances in a more favorable light.
Whether you realize it or not, psychology plays a powerful role in your finances. How you look at money can actually determine how you spend and save. If you're looking for ways to change the way you view money, look no further. Put these effective thought-altering strategies to the test and see how they affect your finances!
Money is nothing to take for granted. In the following post, learn five lessons that military families and all people can teach their children when it comes to the value of a dollar.
You teach your kids valuable lessons everyday: to look both ways before crossing the street, to respect their elders, say "please" and "thank you," and to be kind to others. However, amidst all the travel, deployments, and other chaos that comes with being a military family, many parents forget one very important lesson: teaching their kids about money.
College students and their families understand certain costs come with going to college. However, what about those unexpected times when extra cash is needed? Find out how military students and their families, and other people can get through challenging situations.
For many college students, class is back in session, which means there are books to read, homework assignments to complete, and papers to write. It also means another year of tuition bills, housing costs, and other expenses. Financing a college education is no small feat, especially for military parents and students whose education budgets have very little wiggle room. So what happens when an unexpected education expense pops up? For military parents and students, the answer is easy: a military loan.
College students, do you need help saving some money? The following post provides some ways to keep some extra cash in your pockets.


text:
Isoperla hemithales és una espècie d'insecte plecòpter pertanyent a la família dels perlòdids.

Hàbitat
En el seu estadi immadur és aquàtic i viu a l'aigua dolça, mentre que com a adult és terrestre i volador.

Referències

Bibliografia
 Illies, 1966. Das Tierreich 82:406.

Enllaços externs
 Encyclopedia of Life
 Arctos
 Perlodidae Species Listing

hemithales


Did You Know These Factors Can Affect Your Auto Insurance?
Auto insurance can be a complicated concept for drivers to understand. We don't blame you. Our team is uniquely skilled to help drivers find the right insurance for their needs. We break down different factors that may decrease or increase your auto insurance. We can work with you to find the ideal type of coverage for your lifestyle, budget, and auto needs.
To give our drivers an insight into auto insurance, we have compiled a few factors that may influence your insurance rate.
Your credit score can affect your insurance rates. Some auto insurance companies will use your credit score as a way to determine how responsible you will be for insurance payments.
You have a high deductible. A high deductible may lower your insurance rates.
Driving experience, More experienced drivers may be provided lower auto insurance rates.
Driving record. If you have a clean driving record, you may qualify for lower car insurance rates.Driving who have speeding tickets or accidents on their record may have higher car insurance rates because they are deemed a liability to certain auto insurance companies.
The type of car you drive may affect your car insurance rates. Some factors may include the cost of repairs, accident rate, and the likelihood of theft.
In some cases, gender and age may affect your auto insurance rate.
Location or where you live may affect your auto insurance rate. For instance, if you live in a high crime area your insurance rate may go up. Also, if you live in a major city with highly populated areas, you may be more likely to be involved in an auto accident.
it is important to note that not all states participate in these factors when determining auto insurance.If you would like to learn more about auto insurance or find what type of insurance is right for you, contact Maryland Auto Insurance.


This is an unusual item. The recording has been offered for streaming by Orchard Music, but no CD is available. You can stream it yourself, but if you would like a CD copy, I have prepared one and will offer it at a reduced cost. The performance was recorded on October 28, 2017. The CD will come in a full CD case with cover art (shown above).
NOTE: The Schubert "Unfinished Symphony" will NOT be included.