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Mesoporous silica nanoparticles with manipulated microstructures for drug delivery
Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 95 (2012) 274–278 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces j...
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Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 95 (2012) 274–278
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/colsurfb
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles with manipulated microstructures for drug delivery Zhongdong Chen, Xiang Li ∗, Haiyan He, Zhaohui Ren, Yong Liu, Juan Wang, Zhe Li, Ge Shen, Gaorong Han ∗ State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
Article history: Received 2 February 2012 Received in revised form 5 March 2012 Accepted 19 March 2012 Available online 28 March 2012 Keyword: Silica nanoparticle Controlled mesoporous structure Drug releasing kinetics
a b s t r a c t A range of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with controlled microstructural characteristics were successfully prepared via the binary surfactant templated synthesis approach with varied concentration of triblock copolymer Pluronic F127. The relationship between the MSNs structural evolution and the surfactant concentration was extensively discussed. Ibuprofen (IBU) was loaded as drug model to uncover the in vitro drug releasing kinetics. It was found that the quantity of the drug loaded mainly depended on the specific surface area, while the drug releasing rate was dominantly determined by the length and curvature of the mesopores. This study has uncovered the core influential factors of MSNs system on its drug releasing properties, and thus demonstrated a facile approach to prepare MSNs with manipulated structural characteristics for drug delivery applications. Crown Copyright © 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction In the past decades, the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been widely investigated for biomedical purposes. Due to their various advantages, such as tunable pore size and geometry, high specific surface area and biocompatibility [1–5], MSNs have been highly regarded as a promising drug carrier material with the easecontrol of drug releasing characteristic. The interaction between the substances with topological features at nanoscale in the biological system is of high complexity. Many studies have documented that the surface chemistry and dimension of carrier materials had a big impact on the biodistribution, the biocompatibility, and the clearance in vitro [6–9] and in vivo [10–13]. Tsai et al. found that some rod-like MSNs presented great potential in monitoring the cell trafficking, cancer cell metastasis, and drug/DNA delivery compared with the spherical ones [14]. In addition, numerous evidences have shown that the drugloading and releasing characteristics depend on the specific surface area and pore structure (size, geometry and volume) of MSNs [15–17]. The synthesis methodology of the nanoparticles with different size and geometry was investigated [18]. Furthermore, the effect of MSNs geometry and size on the drug release kinetics was also extensively studied [19,20]. However, the core influentials of such various inter-linked structural characteristics on their
∗ Corresponding authors. Tel.: +86 571 88276240; fax: +86 571 88276240. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (X. Li), [email protected] (G. Han).
biomedical performance were hardly investigated in an isolated manner, and thus remained a challenge, which limits the research of MSNs with the defined drug releasing properties. This is mainly due to the restriction of the current MSNs preparation techniques, which normally use the surfactant aggregates or block polymers as structure-directing agent [21,22]. Therefore, an appropriate synthesis approach to prepare MSNs with structural characteristics manipulated isolatedly during the synthesis is needed to pursue for the more advanced MSNs drug carrier material. There are a number of nanoscale drug carrier materials synthesis techniques, such as hydrothermal method [1], sol–gel method [15], electrospining [23], etc. Compared with such various synthesis methodologies, the binary surfactant template method has been widely studied to synthesize MSNs with different morphology due to its unique advantages of low-cost, flexible synthesis conditions and ease-control of microstructures [24–26]. In a double template system of triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), it was found that CTAB mainly contributed to the pore structure of MSNs while F127 influenced the particle size and the pore structure integrity [27]. Therefore, in this study, F127 and CTAB were used as binary templates to engineer the microstructure of MSNs during the preparation. In such method, the F127 surfactant concentration was controlled to manipulate the MSNs microstructural characteristics isolatedly. Subsequently, an in vitro study using Ibuprofen was used as a drug model to uncover the core influentials among the various MSNs structural parameters on the drug loading and releasing behavior.
0927-7765/$ – see front matter. Crown Copyright © 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.03.012
Z. Chen et al. / Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 95 (2012) 274–278
2. Materials and method
3. Results and discussion
2.1. The synthesis of mesoporous silica nanoparticles
3.1. The structural characteristics
MSNs were synthesized via the binary surfactant template method. In a typical synthesis procedure, 0.05 g F127 (EO106 PO60 EO106 , AR, Sigma Aldrich), 0.2 g CTAB (AR, Sigma Aldrich), and 1.5 ml aqueous ammonia solution (28%vol, Hangzhou Chemical Co.) were dissolved in 30 ml deionized water, and subsequently 0.5 ml TEOS (Beijing Yili chemical Reagent Co.) was added in the solution under vigorous stirring. The concentration of CTAB, F127, TEOS, and ammonia was set at 18.3 mM, 0.17 mM, 0.6 mM, and 0.1 mM, respectively. After stirring for 30 min, the mixture was allowed to sedimentate under static condition at room temperature for 5 h, leading to a white suspension. The sedimentation obtained was collected by centrifugation, and washed with deionized water, followed by drying at 60 ◦ C under vacuum condition. The surfactant templates were removed by heating at 550 ◦ C for 5 h. For comparison, the same procedure was carried out with the F127 concentration increased to 0.34 mM, 0.51 mM and 0.68 mM, respectively, to investigate the pore structural evolution of MSNs.
The morphology of MSNs plays a crucial role in the drug delivery carrier applications. In our case, as shown in Fig. 1a, continuous morphology evolution was observed while F127 concentration was increased. When the concentration was 0.17 mM, MSNs were of an average length of 550 nm with the standard deviation of 21 nm. While F127 content was increased to 0.34 mM, 0.51 mM and 0.68 mM, respectively, the length of MSNs was found to decrease to 500 ± 14 nm, 400 ± 15 nm and 200 ± 23 nm, respectively. The particle geometry was found to vary from rod-like to spherical shape. In addition, when the concentration of F127 was 0.51 mM, the particles with curvature of certain degree were observed (Fig. 1c). To uncover the inter-link of such morphological evolution with the microstructural characteristics, the mesopores of MSNs were further studied using TEM. It was found that the ordered mesopores were formed and uniformly distributed within the particles. As shown in the insets (Fig. 2a and b), it has clearly shown that the pores formed present straight characteristic. This is due to the regular rod-like geometry of the silica nanoparticles prepared when the concentration of F127 was set at 0.17 mM and 0.34 mM. When F127 concentration was increased to 0.51 mM, the silica nanorods curved (Fig. 2c). Such phenomenon induced the mesopores formed with a certain curvature of a similar degree to the silica nanorods. With the increase of the F127 concentration to 0.68 mM, the aspect ratio of silica nanorods decreased further, and thus the particles presented a spherical shape. As shown in the inset of Fig. 2d, the mesopores formed present as numerous hexagonal dots in the surface which is perpendicular to the axial direction. The mechanism of such structural evolution due to the varied F127 concentration was also studied as shown in the schematic diagram (Fig. 3). Initially, a few monolayers of silicate species covered on the isolated surfactant micellar rods due to the electrostatic force, and thus formed the surfactant silicate rods. Subsequently, the long surfactant-silicate rods spontaneously aggregated and packed in a long-range ordered hexagonal manner [28]. While the polarity decreased with the assembly of the anionic and cationic species, the nonionic surfactant F127 surrounded the hexagonally ordered silica-CTA composites. When the concentration of F127 was at a lower degree, the F127 molecules intended to aggregate on the axial surface of the silica-CTA composites nanoparticles, and formed an incontinuous coverage. Therefore, the nanoparticles dimension in radial direction decreased while no distinguishable dimension changes presented in the axial direction. When F127 was increased to 0.51 mM, a higher concentration, the coverage of the F127 molecules increased, and presented a transitional stage of curved silica nanorods. This might be due to the incontinuous F127 coverage, of which the molecule distribution near the rod's end with higher surface energy is denser than other parts. Thus, the curvature phenomenon took place owing to the interaction of the F127 aggregations at two ends. When F127 concentration was further increased, the density of F127 molecules reached a certain magnitude, and formed a continuous coverage on the cross-sectional surface and the axial surface of the silica-CTA composite. Such phenomenon restricted the particle growth in the axial direction. Therefore, the spherical MSNs were formed. Such scenario was found to be consistent with the previous work that CTAB mainly contributed to the pore structure of MSNs while the grain growth of nanoparticles was suppressed by the surrounding F127 micelles [27].
2.2. Drug loading 1 g as-prepared SiO2 power was suspended in 50 ml Ibuprofen (IBU, 99 wt%) hexane solution of 40 mg/ml at ambient temperature. The mixture was subsequently stirred for 3 days to induce the drug diffusion into the mesopores. The silica particles were separated from this solution by centrifugation, and subsequently washed with hexane to remove the adsorbed ibuprofen on the surface. MSNs were subsequently dried under vacuum condition at 60 ◦ C, 1 ml Filtrates was sucked and diluted to 10 ml for particle drug loading characterization using UV–Vis spectroscopy at a wavelength of 264 nm.
2.3. In vitro study 0.5 g drug-loaded MSNs were suspended in 200 ml simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 ◦ C under stirring at 150 r/min to allow the drug extraction from the mesopores. 2 ml medium was collected for analysis at each specific time point. The IBU concentration variation of such medium was referred as the drug releasing kinetics of different MSNs groups. The 2 ml medium extracted was diluted to 10 ml with SBF, and analyzed with UV–Vis spectroscopy at a wavelength of 264 nm. The measurement was performed in triplicate for each sample to ensure the accuracy.
2.4. The structural characterization The morphology of MSNs was observed via a field emission scanning electron microscope (Hitachi S4800) at 5.0 kV. 50 particles were chosen stochastically for each dimensional measurement. Transmission electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy were performed using a Philips Tecnai G2 F30 S-Twin electron microscope operated at 200 kV to uncover the mesoporous structure at high magnification. The surface area, the pore size and volume were examined via N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms using a micromeritics adsorption analyzer (ASAP 2010M) under a continuous adsorption condition. The releasing characteristic was investigated using ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-3100PC).
Fig. 1. The field emission scanning electron micrographs of as-synthesized MSNs with the F127 concentration of (a) 0.17 mM; (b) 0.34 mM; (c) 0.51 mM and (d) 0.68 mM.
The specific surface area and pore characteristics of MSNs were examined using the nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements. As shown in Fig. 4a, MSNs present typical IV isotherm characteristics with well-defined step at a relative pressure of close to 0.4. The isotherms revealed distinguishable difference in the surface area of MSNs with the increase of F127. The nitrogen adsorption with the F127 concentration increase did not present
a linear change. When the F127 concentration was 0.17 mM, it presented the highest specific surface area of 1300 m2 /g and a large pore volume of 0.99 cm3 /g. When the concentration was further increased to 0.34 mM, 0.51 mM and 0.68 mM, the specific surface area of MSNs decreased to 840 m2 /g, 760 m2 /g and 1100 m2 /g, respectively, and the total pore volume changed to 0. m3 /g, 0.47 m3 /g and 0.95 m3 /g. Generally, the size reduction
Fig. 2. The transmission electron micrographs of MSNs prepared with the F127 concentration of (a) 0.17 mM; (b) 0.34 mM; (c) 0.51 mM and (d) 0.68 mM. The inserts show the microstructure of MSNs at high magnification.
Fig. 3. The schematic illustration of MSNs formation.
increases the particle specific surface area. In the meantime, for the mesoporous particles, the particle size reduction would decrease the pore volume which is proportional to the surface area. Thus, the competition of such two phenomena for the MSNs results in a 'V' shape evolution of the specific surface area. Furthermore, in our case, the specific surface area was found to be influenced more dominantly by the nanoparticle pore volume than the particle size, and thus the highest surface area of MSN was obtained at low F127 concentration. Furthermore, the marginal hysteresis loop presented in the N2 -adsorption isotherm (Fig. 4a) implies that the mesopores in MSNs prepared with the F127 concentration of 0.51 mM are not of straight geometry but corrugate of the onedimensional pores. As shown in Fig. 4b, it reveals that the pore size of approximate 2.5 nm, which coincides with the TEM observation. 3.2. In vitro study 3.2.1. The drug storage It has been reported that the quantity of the drug loaded depends on the specific surface areas, pore size and surface properties of mesoporous silica [8]. The amount of Ibuprofen drug
was determined by quantitative analysis of the relative intensity of ultraviolet and visible light. The UV absorption spectrum of filtrates from 40 mg/ml Ibuprofen hexane solutions of the asprepared MSNs are shown in Fig. 5a. The amount of the drug loaded exhibited significant diversity on the different MSNs carriers, which were 69.25 wt%, 44.15 wt%, 36.75 wt% and 63.61 wt%, respectively. The quantity of the drug loaded presented a similar trend of the specific surface area examined. As summarized in Table 1, the pore size, geometry and volume of MSNs prepared are of the similar magnitude. Therefore, the amount of the drug loaded was proved to mainly depend on the surface area rather than the others. 3.2.2. The drug release The drug release occurs only after the medium has diffused into the channels, followed by drug molecules extraction along aqueous pathways into the medium. As shown in Fig. 5b, the MSNs prepared with the F127 concentration of 0.68 mM present the highest drug release rate. The mesopores formed in such MSNs are of the shortest length and straight elongation, which induced the ease of the SBF diffusion and thus the drug releasing. For the rodlike MSNs, the release rate presented a decrease trend that the
Fig. 4. (a) The N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and (b) the pore size distribution of MSNs prepared with different F127 concentration.
Fig. 5. (a) The UV absorbance spectra of filtrates from 40 mg/ml ibuprofen hexane solutions and (b) the mean cumulative release rates ibuprofen of MSNs prepared with different F127 concentration.
Table 1 Structural parameters of MSNs. F127 concentration
Pore geometry
Particle morphology
Mean particle size (nm)
Hexagonal Hexagonal Hexagonal Hexagonal
Rod Rod Rod-like Sphere-like
Length ± ± ± ±
releasing periods were 15 h, 38 h and 40 h, respectively. Since the pore size and surface chemistry of such MSNs used are similar, the varied drug releasing behavior is attributed to the pathway characteristics, such as the pore length and curvature of MSNs. The pore of MSNs prepared with F127 content of 0.17, 0.34 and 0.51 mM are of higher magnitude in length compared with MSNs prepared with 0.68 mM F127, which restricted the release of drug molecules from the mesopores. In addition, the flexuous structure of mesopores prevented the release of drug. Therefore, the length and the curvature of mesopores had also shown considerable influence on the drug releasing profiles, similarly to the effect of the mesopore size and geometry [13]. 4. Conclusions The mesoporous silica nanoparticles with the manipulated microstructures have been successfully prepared with controlled F127 concentration using the binary surfactant templated method. With the increase of F127 concentration, MSNs were found to vary from rod-like shape to spherical shape. The pore length and curvature were found to vary with the F127 concentration increase, while the cross-sectional geometry and diameter of the mesopores remained. The total mass of the drug loaded was mainly determined by the specific surface area. In addition, the in vitro study has shown that MSNs prepared were of sustained-releasing property, and the length and the curvature of the mesopores were found to play a crucial role in the drug releasing characteristics. This study has therefore paved the way to the further investigation of the more advanced MSNs drug carrier materials. Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (grant code: 51103128) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant code: 2011QNA4004).
L/D
± ± ± ±
2.2 3.3 3 1
Surface area (m2 /g)
Drug loaded amount (wt%)
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Q: Sending and receiving packets over the internet securely I'm new to any sort of programming for networks, and would like a little advice before I start.
I would like to run a server (Raspberry Pi) at home, which I would like to be able to contact to run particular programs/scripts and to trigger other events on my home network (WoL, home automation stuff etc)
I would like to be able to contact it independently of the platform - i.e. from Android & Windows primarily, iOS and Linux perhaps.
I would like to have some sort of security, in that I don't want anyone else to be able to contact my RPi and operate it.
Is there some sort of standard interface that is used for this sort of thing?  I was thinking of running Apache, but thought I'd check there aren't more targeted solutions available first.
Cheers

A: Secure Socket Shell (ssh) would be my suggestion.  It's already installed under RPi AFAIK, but you probably want to generate a public/private keypair and only permit login to your server using the keypair (i.e. disable password authentication). Also restrict the allowed users to you alone.  Don't do this as root; instead create some setuid scripts to perform any admin-only tasks within the server and restrict the access control on those scripts.
One more tip to avoid constant crack attempts: move the port from 22 to 422 (which could be done using the NAT config of your internet router).
You could probably use libssh, however for some client platforms you might be able to get away with a shell script implementation.

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Disney Parks Donates N95 Masks, Rain Ponchos to Hospitals and Medical Professionals - Inside the Magic
Disney Parks Donates N95 Masks, Rain Ponchos to Hospitals and Medical Professionals
in Disney
Posted on April 1, 2020 April 5, 2020 by Bailee Abell 1 Comment
It's a small world after all! Even though we are social distancing, sheltering in place, and quarantining, we are still finding ways to come together as human beings and help our neighbors in any way we can. Disney truly reminded us all that "it's a small world after all" by donating rain ponchos and N95 masks to hospitals and medical professionals in the U.S.
We previously reported that both Disneyland Resort and Walt Disney World Resort had donated excess food to local food banks in California and Florida to help those in need. And now, they are continuing to give back (and furthermore set an example for all of us) by donating highly necessary supplies to hospitals in California, Florida, and New York.
In an announcement on Disney Parks Blog, Disney shared that the company donated 100,000 N95 masks to the states of California, Florida, and New York. Disney Parks also donated 150,000 ponchos (you may be familiar with the ponchos in Disney theme parks!) to the humanitarian aid organization MedShare, which will be making sure the ponchos get to healthcare professionals in need.
"The COVID-19 pandemic is unlike anything we've seen before," said Charles Redding, MedShare CEO and President. "We have to find ways to pool our resources and work together to help the healthcare workers who are doing their very best to treat patients and contain COVID-19. We appreciate Disney partnering with us to support hospitals and healthcare workers on the frontlines."
Giving to local communities was something that was highly important to Walt Disney himself. The man was incredibly optimistic and loved being in Disneyland park with all the guests. But he also made sure that community outreach was a priority for The Walt Disney Company. Disney is still finding more ways to give back and help during this time.
It's heartwarming and inspiring to see Disney continue Walt's legacy of giving back. If you want to help out those in need during this current pandemic, click here for some resources.
We at Inside the Magic continue to wish for the health and safety of everyone during this time, and our thoughts and prayers are with everyone affected by COVID-19. Please be mindful, stay home as much as you can, and remember we're in this together.
Bailee Abell
Bailee is a reader, writer, and lover of all things magical. A Southern Californian with a passion for theme parks, she loves reading classic literature, sipping warm beverages, and traveling the world in search of princess castles.
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The three-year anniversary of Devon's injury recently passed and LSU has been of assistance throughout. He suffered a C6 vertebrae fracture and was paralyzed from the waist down after an injury on Sept. 26, 2015. Devon was on kickoff coverage as a Southern University wide receiver and faced life-altering circumstances.
It was the idea of Ray Castle, LSU professor and director of the educational athletic training program, to work with the university on the pregame recognition. He wanted to give thanks to those who have assisted Devon. Georgia's medical staff, led by director of sports medicine Ron Courson, will be recognized during the on-field presentation.
Castle also hopes for awareness with the accessible-home campaign for Devon which has made quicker-than-expected progress, according to Tish. The foundation of the house is complete and the framework is expected to begin within the next week on a land lot in Jefferson, which was donated by Whit Marshall, former Georgia linebacker and CEO of Paran Homes.
As the two football teams square off for the first time since 2008 with plenty at stake, this serves as another chapter in collaboration between Georgia and LSU.
LSU's recognition effort is the next chapter in a three-year relationship between the university and family. Devon's injury led Courson, Castle and Lovie Tabron (former Southern athletic trainer who assisted on field during the injury and is now a sports medicine coordinator at Georgia) to form an emergency preparedness course in coordination with the LSU College of Human Sciences and Education.
The free, one-day course is open to healthcare providers and athletic staffs in the area, and around an average of 200 have attended the event since its inauguration in July 2016. In turn, Castle told The Telegraph that efforts are ongoing to spread the event to multiple cities and courses throughout the calendar year.
Tish, when reflecting on her son's influence on such an event, stated how such a course assisted staffs in dealing with emergency situations. She used the death of Pike County player Dylan Strong and the recovery of Tennessee State athlete Christion Abercrombie as examples of proper management.
All of LSU's efforts have taken place because of Devon's injury, but it may not be possible without the assistance of Tabron. She went from a complete stranger to an adopted member of the Gales' family in a matter of hours.
Tabron was on the tenth day of her job at Southern when the traumatic injury happened at Sanford Stadium. According to Tish, they "didn't know Lovie from anyone else," but she stayed with them during surgery at Athens Regional, rehab at Shepherd Center and continues to do the same while 70 miles away from Atlanta.
As Devon continues to make strides in the Beyond Therapy program, including core strength, starting a journal to explore new avenues of independence and beginning to drive with accessible controls, Tabron is alongside him. At any point, the Bulldog staffer is ready to encourage Devon.
Once a liason, Tabron is intertwined in Devon's path. Before the Tiger fans take their allegiances, she and the supporters of the Gales' family will hear the only cheer for those in red-and-black.


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Lakehouse directors believed that a flexible, open and more informal working environment would encourage greater interaction, and opportunities to reflect their changing working patterns. This has proved to be the case.
The simple, rectangular building was stripped back to its original structure. We introduced a limited palette of birch faced ply panels and fin louvres with slate grey flooring, exposed services and bold yellow elements. This restrained palette has created a bright, calm office environment with the timber louvres delivering slatted light and private, semi screened areas within the rectangular building. Bespoke joinery was used throughout the building.
The brief required Lakehouse to remain in occupation throughout and therefore the work was undertaken in two phases. The first phase created the new reception in an atrium connecting the two floors. Also completed in the first phase were a newly located boardroom, a large informal working and meeting space including a bespoke free-standing meeting pod, and a central accommodation stair.
The second phase completed the refurbishment by opening up the main work spaces, removing all the cellular offices and dividing screens, and extending the first phase. The work was completed in time for the company's rebranding.
"There is a new sense of energy and purpose within the building and I notice that our people are finding new ways to work, meet and socialise. They love the wood, the slatted light and the islands of colour. Metropolitan Workshop's design has changed the atmosphere within the building for the better"
Christian Gould, Group Head of Marketing, Lakehouse


Caring for your dogs ears..
BUT like they say.. beauty comes with a price... and as you probably already know along with that wonderful curly coat also comes a lot of curly hair in their ears which can cause discomfort and infections and absolutely must be plucked on a regular basis!
For ALL Poodles, Goldendoodles and Labradoodles plucking the hair out of the ears is something that MUST be done regularly, and is usually done by your groomer. This is somewhat painful for the dog if not done right, and goes easier and faster with ear powder.
Four Paws Medicated Ear Powder keeps ears dry while reducing ear odor. Aids in the relief of itching and makes the removal of hair from the ear canal easier.
Watch the video below on instructions on how to do this.
This is something that should be routinely done when the pup is bathed, but won't hurt to check in between baths either. Simply take a cotton pad or ball, drizzle a bit of witch hazel, your clear facial cleaner but if you have none – a bit of rubbing alcohol onto the cotton pad BUT better yet a good DOG ear cleaner like Epi-Otic.
Tip your dogs head to the side.
Hold the ear flap up with one hand and pour a small amount of dog ear cleaning solution into the ear canal with the other hand.
Massage the ear gently (especially at the base of the ear) to work the solution down into the ear canal and loosen wax and dirt. Let sit a minute.
Ear mites are probably the most frequent ear problem and in a severe case you will easily be able to recognize them. If your pup scratches a lot on head and ears, if you pet the head and it leans into your hand, or grumbles when you rub the ear – have a closer look. A bad ear mite infection looks like dirty, crumbly coffee grounds clumped up. It can be from dry and crumbly to being a smeary balled up mess, that when separated looks somewhat flaky. And there are usually entire truck loads way down in the ears of that, by the time you notice that something is amiss.
Buy Eradimite – Ear Mite Treatment on Amazon!
Especially important if you have other pets [check them too], as ear mites are passed from host to host and can be a real pain to treat in cats.
Most treatments need to be repeated within 14 days, in order to get newly hatched mites that emerged after the initial treatment. Did I mention to wash the bedding and the collar as well? Remember to bathe and clean the bedding again at the same time of the repeat treatment.
These are a bit different from the regular ear infection mentioned below, as it is caused by yeast. A sniff will tell you that something is off.
Again – itchy ears, often scratched until they start bleeding, watery discharge, and an overall miserable, high pitched whining during scratching and restless dog. See your vet, this too will require veterinary interaction and may be harder to treat than a regular ear infection as they often tend to come back.
Clipping the hair on the ears shorter or shaving them to remove weight and allow more air flow also seems to help in addition to treatment for yeast. A dog that has frequent yeast infections, might need to be upgraded to a better quality dog food, as these can be caused by poor quality feed in addition to other causes as well.
Ear infections are extremely painful to a dog, and often present themselves with heads turned slightly sideways, constant ear shaking, lots of scratching often combined with high-pitched whining or a deep groaning.
They can be caused by a number of variants including injuries, foreign objects stuck in the ear, and from excessive scratching due to ear mites. Some dogs are simply more prone to them than others.
On bad cases where the infection has not been noticed right away, the ear canal will be hot and swollen and puss may be running out – very bad-smelling. Very painful. Dogs can be in a lot of pain and show very little outward signs we might notice.
The best treatment I've found that never fails me is the Zymox brand ear drops. Even when perscriptions didnt work this has!
ZYMOX PLUS Otic HC with 1% Hydrocortisone aids in the management of chronic otitis externa caused by resistant organisms. Easy to administer, with no pre-cleaning of the ear required. Recommended for recurring otitis infections or the infections that won't resolve.
Buy Zymox Plus Otic-HC Enzymatic on Amazon!
DOES YOUR DOG HAVE ITCHY EARS AND REOCCURRING EAR INFECTIONS?
Chronic ear infection in dogs is one of the most common ailments found to occur concurrently with allergies. An ear infection is described in medical terms as otitis externa.
For alot of dogs, reoccurring ear infections come from food allergies. Allergies to food cause inflammation in the intestines, which leads to bacterial and/or yeast overgrowth in the intestines, which then spreads to the whole body, including the ears.
Therefore, the first time a dog has an ear infection, a question should already start to form: "I wonder if she's allergic to something in her food?" If she gets another ear infection, the vet must start looking for the source.
Really curing the problem means first treating the symptoms, second figuring out what your dog is allergic to and getting rid of it, and third treating the systemic problems resulting from the food allergy, which is very often whole body yeast infections which is where a good probiotic comes in to restore the good bacteria in their gut. I have linked a couple probiotic I use below.
I don't believe in over supplementing my dogs however I do use Nuvet Plus as a daily vitamin and for coat and skin health I use salmon oil. I use a probiotic when their having intestinal issues or if one of my dogs is taking a course of antibiotics. I personally like Fortiflora or Vetri Probiotic BD – these can also be used as a daily supplement.
Fortiflora CANINE. If you have a dog or puppy suffering from diarrhea or poor intestinal health, I HIGHLY RECOMMEND Purina's Fortiflora for help. This is what my vet prescribes me. It can be purchased over the counter.
BUY: Buy Fortiflora On Amazon Prime!


text:
1. Not A Love Song 2. Happier 3. Delicate 4. Bloodstream 5. Change Your Ticket 6. Like I'm Gonna Lose You 7. get well soon ( part one ) 8. Monster ( part two ) 9. There's A Ghost 10. Quit 11. Sue Me ( part one ) 12. Champagne ( part two ) 13. Out Loud ( part three ) 14. Honestly Encore 15. Never Grow Up 16. Checking In!! 17. Last Exit 18. Down In New Orleans 19. You Raise Me Up 20. The Parting Glass 21. September 22. Exhale 23. Can You Hold Me? (part one) 24. The Archer (part two) 25. SOS 26. Afterglow
Chosen Family (31994 words) by ashleighbrii
Chapters: 26/?
Fandom: Law & Order: SVU
Rating: Not Rated
Warnings: Creator Chose Not To Use Archive Warnings
Relationships: Rafael Barba/Olivia Benson, Olivia Benson/Ed Tucker, Dominick "Sonny" Carisi Jr./Amanda Rollins, Olivia Benson/Amanda Rollins, Nick Amaro/Amanda Rollins, Olivia Benson/Nick Amaro, Amanda Rollins/Original Female Character(s)
Characters: Olivia Benson, Rafael Barba, Alexandra Cabot, Alex Muñoz, Yelina Muñoz, Amanda Rollins, Dominick "Sonny" Carisi Jr., William Dodds, William Lewis, Mike Dodds, Nick Amaro, Noah Porter Benson, Jesse Rollins, Original Characters
Summary:
This is a collection of one shots for different pairings ( mainly Barson ) from Law & Order: SVU. I've become increasingly interested in this fandom with each episode ( and reruns are on all. the. time. ) so I wanted to share some of the ideas that have been rolling around in my head. Now like I said this will be mainly Barson, but there are a few that you'll see that mention some of the other couples. They are all based off of songs so there will be a snippet of the lyrics that made me think of the one shot at the very beginning of each. Also most of them are based around the show from season 17 and on but there will be some one shots that are from the previous seasons because I love me some drama. Anyways, I hope you enjoy and please leave comments if you have any ideas for future one shots!!

Rafael Barba/Olivia Benson
Olivia Benson/Ed Tucker
Dominick "Sonny" Carisi Jr./Amanda Rollins
Olivia Benson/Amanda Rollins
Nick Amaro/Amanda Rollins
Olivia Benson/Nick Amaro
Amanda Rollins/Original Female Character(s)
Olivia Benson
Rafael Barba
Alexandra Cabot
Alex Muñoz
Yelina Muñoz
Amanda Rollins
Dominick "Sonny" Carisi Jr.
William Dodds
William Lewis
Nick Amaro
Noah Porter Benson
Jesse Rollins
ashleighbrii
This is a collection of one shots for different pairings ( mainly Barson ) from Law & Order: SVU. I've become increasingly interested in this fandom with each episode ( and reruns are on all. the. time. ) so I wanted to share some of the ideas that have been rolling around in my head. Now like I said this will be mainly Barson, but there are a few that you'll see that mention some of the other couples. They are all based off of songs so there will be a snippet of the lyrics that made me think of the one shot at the very beginning of each. Also most of them are based around the show from season 17 and on but there will be some one shots that are from the previous seasons because I love me some drama. Anyways, I hope you enjoy and please leave comments if you have any ideas for future one shots!!
Chapter 1: Not A Love Song
Song;
Not A Love Song - bülow
wish i could tell you that i love you but i can't. wish i could call you in the morning but i can't. wish i could tell you that i miss you but i can't, this is not a love song. i get excited when you kiss me like that, when we're body to body like that. wish i could tell you that i want you more than that, but this is not a love song.
To say that she was happy would be the biggest understatement of the day. But for Olivia Benson, happiness wasn't something she got to revel in for very long. And that was where she was at now, the dull ache in her chest as she watched him slip out of their position on the couch. "Why can't you say? We can talk about this more." Her voice is quiet, betraying her commonly strong demeanour.
Their conversation had shifted, not even discussing the files that had been spread on her coffee table and surrounding floor. Somehow, they had brought up their personal lives, how she didn't have time to date anyone and how she wanted to be careful because of Noah. Plus they both knew that Noah and her job came first. And for him, it was the same. Well, the job aspect was. He had always gotten so swept up in cases that even getting drinks with the squad after a case seemed to be an exhausting effort when he really just wanted to go home and sleep.
But the hypotheticals became reality when she told him how she felt. About him.
He would be lying if he said he didn't consider it, that he hadn't thought about it in a few fleeting moments over the years. Squabbling at eighty-five. That was what they meant to each other. But in that moment, he was scared. Terrified, that if they got into that and it didn't work out... work would be uncomfortable, their friendship, nearly six years in the making, all of it would go up in smoke.
"There's nothing left to talk about, Liv." He wanted to, more than anything he wanted to wrap his arms around her and never let her go. But for Rafael Barba, happiness wasn't something he got to revel in for very long either. And he was already hurting her, despite the clear feelings between them.
"Rafa," she tried again, her brown eyes filling with tears. She wasn't sad, now she was angry, but she couldn't get her tears to stop. "If you leave now..." Don't bother coming back, was all she could think, but she didn't say it out loud.
Unfortunately for her, her voice didn't hold out like she was hoping it would.
Green eyes searched brown as he tried to see if she was bluffing. She wasn't. "I'm sorry, Liv." He mumbled, pulling his jacket on and leaving her apartment.
She wasn't supposed to be this upset, their conversation had been hypotheticals. Mostly. But she wasn't going to try and pretend she was okay, especially when her appearance, despite makeup and eye drops, gave her away. Her eyes were puffy and bloodshot and her chest ached from the heavy sobs that kept her up all night.
Olivia Benson had put it all out there, and ended up in her apartment, sitting on her bed crying and alone. Just like she had feared.
The only solace she got was the peace and quiet in the elevator before she stepped out into the hall. Even from where she was, she recognized Amanda's voice; an octave higher and her accent thicker, as it always was when she was angry.
Who is she yelling at so early?
"You know as well as I do that none of this is going to hold up in court! Any judge would be able to see that from a mile away!"
Barba.
Taking a deep breath, she forced herself to walk into the squad room, her hand gripping her coffee cup tighter than was probably necessary. "Fighting before eight am? Hell of a way to start the week." Was the way she greeted her squad, and she supposed by extension, Barba. But she wasn't even giving him a fleeting glance like she normally would.
"Liv, the Counsellor says we need to get him more evidence, but we've already combed through the scene three times." Fin looked up from the files on the table in front of them, dropping a photo back on top.
Taking a long sip of her coffee, Olivia thought about various courses of action. "Alright, Rollins, Carisi go back to the alley one more time and see if there's even a chance that we missed something. Fin, go through witness statements again, check traffic cameras, anything we can find from inside or outside that club." She instructed, the team nodding in return at their assignments.
"And you expect me to do what, exactly? Sit around here and wait?" The question came out with more malice than he'd intended, causing both of them to wince slightly.
It was that moment that Rollins and Carisi excused themselves, grabbing their coats and heading out of the bullpen. Fin stood up with excuse of needing another cup of coffee and ducked into the break room.
When the two were alone, or at least as alone as they could be in the precinct, Olivia shot Barba a glare that could burn him into the ground if looks could kill. "I don't care what you do as long as it's not here. And the next time you pull that in front of my squad, it'll be more than me simply telling you to leave."
"Liv..." He started, but was promptly cut off by her slamming the door to her office.
Turning on his heel, Barba walked as quickly as he could from the building.
He had really messed up.
He hadn't been counting the days, but he was sure it had been at least a week since he'd walked out of her apartment. It was actually about two weeks.
But somehow, despite her warnings, he was there again, knocking on the door.
He could hear her as she moved through the living room and stopped at the door, probably looking through the peephole to see who would be visiting her so late.
"Barba, I'm not really in the mood..." She sounded exhausted; like she'd been crying for far too long.
They hadn't won the case, the victim and the squad took it hard, but they still went out for drinks. Well all of them except Olivia. She had gone home, relieved Lucy of her duties after thanking her profusely as she always did, and spent the night with Noah.
"Liv... Olivia, please open the door." He wasn't above begging anymore. He knew what he wanted, what he needed. It was her.
It had always been her.
Slowly, the door pulled open and his earlier suspicions had been proven. She looked exhausted, her eyes were still as red and puffy as they had been throughout the case. There were times, offers to work on the case, have takeout and try to figure out what to do, had almost been put on the table; but they were always rescinded. Not wanting to cross the new boundaries that the two had unknowingly put up between them.
"I'm not usually one who... does what we do, Liv." He muttered, tapping the toe of his shoe on the ground behind him.
"It's not like we were sleeping together, Barba. I just... thought you may want more than just dinners and work talk. I guess I was wrong." She shook her head, her limp brown curls falling in her face as she turned her gaze to the floor.
It was then that Barba could really see the damage of what he'd done. They had gotten close, closer than she'd allowed herself to get to someone in a long time. And he'd hurt her in a failed attempt to keep either of them from getting their hearts broken.
"Liv, I know it doesn't seem like it, but I never wanted to hurt you. You have to know that." He took a small step forward, his right foot across the threshold of her apartment as his hand came up to brush her elbow.
Olivia wanted to pull away, scoff and tell him he did a great job of not hurting her, but she couldn't. His touch seemed to freeze her to her spot.
Swallowing the lump that had formed in his throat, Barba took another step closer. "I guess I just always thought that if we ever happened, it would be like a cheesy love song. I'd tell you how I felt, you'd feel the same and we'd kiss and that would be it."
"But you... you told me that you didn't want this. That we couldn't do it because it would be too complicated. You barely gave it a second thought... I don't know what you want me to say to you..." She finally lifted her head completely to look him in the face.
Letting out a breath, Barba pulled himself together as best as he could. "I know what I said, but these past two weeks... have been the worst of my life, Liv. I can't sleep... I want to come to the precinct all the time, I wanna come here... but I can't because I wanted to respect your wishes."
"I don't care what you do, as long as it's not here." Her own voice echoed in her head and she winced.
"Rafa... I never should have... I just, got scared. I thought that you would never look at me the same way again, but I was wrong to just assume that. What I said to you... threatening to kick you out of the precinct... I shouldn't have done that, I'm sorry." She mumbled.
"Mama?" Noah's voice broke the ever looming silence that started to blanket them. "Mama, I'm thirsty..." He mumbled, rubbing his eyes as he walked towards her.
Olivia turned to look at her son, a soft smile pulling at her lips. His curly hair was in even more of a disarray than usual, Eddie, his stuffed elephant tucked under his arm. "Alright sweet boy, I'll get you some water." She nodded.
Turning to look at Barba, she stepped aside completely to let him inside. "I won't be long." She spoke softly, picking Noah up and carrying him to the kitchen.
Pulling his jacket off, Barba hung it up on the coat rack, pulling the sleeves of his shirt up to try and get comfortable. But he still hadn't moved from his spot by the time she came back.
When Olivia returned, she saw Barba shifting his weight between his feet awkwardly. "Rafa, you can sit down." She offered quietly, sitting on the couch and gesturing to the spot next to her.
Slowly, he walked over and sat next to her. "Liv, I know that I said that this... wouldn't work, but when we weren't talking really... outside the case that is, I realized that I need you in my life. Not just as friends, but as..." he trailed off, hoping to find the right words.
"Something out of a cheesy love song?" She offered, tucking her legs underneath her.
Barba rolled his eyes, though he could feel his face start to heat up. "Something like that, I suppose." He nodded.
"Well... I would be inclined to agree, but we are definitely not a love song. Got it?" Olivia countered.
"As long as we're together, we can be whatever you want us to be." He smiled, tentatively reaching out to take her hand.
There would be another conversation or two, at greater length, they were both sure of that, but for now that was all they needed. The assurance that they were there, that they were in this together.
But definitely not a love song.
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