text:
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Senior Adam Irwin shines in familiar Bona territory
It did not take Adam Irwin very long to feel at home on St. Bonaventure University's campus.
That is because the senior cybersecurity major from Warren, Pennsylvania, who will be graduating a year earlier than scheduled, has been around campus since he was a young boy. He explained that his mother, father and grandmother all obtained their master's degrees from the university.
"I've been going to basketball games for as long as I can remember," Irwin said. "It was kind of a lifelong thing, so how it played out was pretty much meant to be.
"I came in and met friends immediately. It felt like home. I am from a small town so it was an easy transition for me."
As a junior and senior in high school, Irwin said he participated in SBU's dual enrollment program.
Dr. Tracy Schrems, assistant professor of adolescence education, taught public speaking and English courses to students in Warren on Mondays and Wednesdays.
By the time Irwin arrived on campus as a freshman, he already had a favorite professor in Schrems.
"Whenever I have issues, problems, or questions, I always talk to her," he said. "She's kind of a life coach."
And it was Schrems who guided Irwin through an important chapter of his college years.
Last fall, Irwin dropped by Schrems' office to discuss internship opportunities and how to find the right one. She suggested he start reaching out to companies immediately.
"I told him he should write to companies now and see where they stood with their internships. That way, he would be on their radar before everyone else," Schrems said. "After all, success in business and marketing revolves a lot around who is there first. I wanted Adam to be that guy."
Irwin decided to apply for a handful of internships. TJX, a cybersecurity company in Boston, flew him to the city for an interview in November 2019 just before Thanksgiving. When Irwin returned to campus for the tail end of the fall semester, he had an internship.
But then the pandemic commenced with force in March and pushed his internship to the wayside soon after.
Just as his Bonaventure journey has been meant to be, though, it didn't end there.
TJX Companies offered Irwin a job after graduation this coming spring as a solution developer. Irwin said he has until the end of September to accept the offer.
"I've been fortunate in my career to teach a plethora of wonderful young men and women; however, Adam is one of the best," Schrems said. "It's not because he's smart (he is. . . super-smart actually) or focused or all those things that teachers crave in students. It's more because he just wants to learn everything he can about everything he's interested in."
Irwin has been involved in a variety of activities throughout his academic career. He is a member of the Campus Activities Board, Team Bona's, and club baseball. He once visited the New York Stock Exchange with the Business Information Systems Club.
Most important to him, though, is his work as a student ambassador.
"It's a lot of fun to see students come on campus for their first time, being curious about how the Bonaventure life works. I like to answer questions about what life is like on campus."
Irwin plans to make the most of the time he has left on the campus he has come to love since he was young.
If he were to go back in time, it's clear that he wouldn't change much about his journey. The advice he would offer himself as a freshman clearly illustrates how he has been able to make the most of his time as a St. Bonaventure student.
"Always work hard, get ahead of your work...and be able to hang out with friends. I am graduating a year early but it's a quick four years for anyone," he said. "Do your work, get educated and have fun."
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In this fast-paced farce, Gerry O'Brien is planning a small dinner party at his home in order to impress his boss, Leonard Fletcher and secure a promotion. When his girlfriend, Samantha cries off at the last minute, Gerry persuades his best friend, Andy Gilligan – a winner in a talent competition drag act – to assume her role. But Fletcher is overly amorous, has dodgy eyesight and a wife who is out for his blood. Matters are further complicated by Gerry's plain-talking godmother, Kitty O'Donnell, who is acting as housekeeper for the night. She has a long-standing grudge against the man who jilted her at a dance years previously. As the night progresses, she discovers it was Fletcher…..
Cast: 3M – 2F
Running time: 45 mins. approx
Performed by:
Milltown Drama Group, Co. Westmeath – April 1998.
Kilcoole Drama Group, Co. Wicklow – June 1998 in Kilcoole and January 1999 at the Bray One-Act Festival where actress, Phyllis Hamilton won a Merit Award for her performance as Kitty.
Athy Musical and Dramatic Society, Co. Kildare – November 1999.
Backstage Theatre Group, Co. Longford – January 2000.
Tulla Drama Group, Co. Clare – March 2001
Clarinbridge Drama Group, Co. Galway – November 2002.
Coolderry Drama Group, Co. Tipperary – November 2006.
Banteer Drama Group, Co. Cork – October/November 2008
Kilglass Drama Group, Co. Roscommon – March/April 2013
The Bora Players, Moyvane, Co. Kerry – October 2013
Compantas Lir, Claregalway, Co. Galway – October 2014
Craanford Drama Group, Co. Wexford – November 2014.
8 − one =

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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Real Author
The "Denmark School of Agriculture" began in 1942 when students were moved from Narrogin School of Agriculture as it was used as a war convalescent hostel for returned servicemen. Students were boarded in town until the boarding facilities were built in 1947. These facilities catered for up to 40 boys. In 1953 the school was amalgamated with the High school and became known as the "agricultural wing of the Denmark Agricultural Junior High School". In 1972 it became the "Denmark Agricultural District High School". Then in 1991 the agricultural wing separated from the high school and became the Denmark Agricultural College for Years 11 and 12. The College purchased temporary accommodation units to take the bed number up to 64, and also offered positions to girls in 1991. The separation from the High School was a significant turning point for the College as numbers were dwindling and many questions were being asked about the viability of the facility.
Since then this College has developed considerably and is considered one of the leading lights in the achievement of educational and training outcomes for young men and women in a diversity of agricultural and related fields. In 2010 the College expanded to admit Year 10 students. The College is part of a consortium with four other regional agricultural Colleges, and is now titled WA College of Agriculture – Denmark.
Courses running in Denmark cover a variety of subjects including Viticulture, Metals & Engineering, Small Business Management, Plant and Animal Production and Marketing; Aquaculture, Horticulture, Land-care, Forestry and Equine studies, as well as the traditional classroom subjects such as Geography, English, Maths, and Information Technology. Students have the opportunity to attend and participate in a wide variety of agricultural shows, both in Western Australia and interstate. Students also have the option of a stream focused on mainstream, trades or vocational training.
The operation of the College beef, sheep, dairy, vineyard, horticulture and forestry enterprises involves students in both the practical and business aspects of these farming enterprises, and focuses on running these enterprises as commercial operations. The success of College students and 100% employment rate for graduates shows the value of the education gained at the College and we are extremely proud of their achievements.
College Fact File
560 hectare dryland farm
50 Simmental stud cows, 20 stud heifers, 60 commercial beef herd
100 cow Holstein/Friesians commercial dairy herd
State of the art Robotic Dairy
2000 head sheep flock, including Merino, Dohne, Corriedale, and Poll Dorset breeds
Barn laid eggs supplying the College kitchen and for commercial sale
One hectare wine grape operation, producing premium quality wines
Organic and conventional vegetable crops supplying the College kitchen and for commercial sale
Industry standard equine facilities including undercover arena, stables, tackroom, enclosures and handling facilities
A managed forestry asset producing fence posts and sawn timber products.
Within an agricultural context, our mission is to develop in students the skills, knowledge and attitudes to reach their full potential and contribute positively to society.
WA College of Agriculture – Denmark educates the rising stars of the agriculture sector in an exceptional specialist school that the industry values, protects and nurtures.
Participation – in all aspects of College life and contribution to the community.
Responsibility – trusted to undertake tasks and being accountable for own actions.
Cooperation – supporting and respecting each other.
Care – having self-worth and consideration for others.
Excellence – having pride in achievements; striving to do one's best.
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College Business Plan 2017-2020
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text:
Modern justice takes 3400 years to catch up to the Bible
The ancient criminal code of Israel, given by God through Moses, is remarkable in that there was no provision for incarceration. The penalties for crimes against persons ranged from physical punishment in cases of assault up to capital punishment in cases of murder and kidnapping.
The penalty for crimes against property was restitution plus a stiff penalty, as recorded in Exodus 21:33-22:14. The restitution ranged from making a man whole for the death of one of his animals, or the destruction of his fields or vineyards through fire, to a 400% penalty for a stolen sheep, and 500% for a stolen ox. The castle doctrine is even enshrined – if a thief died at the hands of a homeowner while trying to pull off a heist under cover of darkness, there was "no bloodguilt" (Exodus 22:2).
The closest Israel got to incarceration was its system of cities of refuge, but these existed only to provide protective custody for accused murderers until they could get their day in court.
So while our penal system is identified almost entirely with being locked up behind bars, Israel had a system that provided justice without the phenomenal expense of a system of jails and prisons. According to CBS News, Americans spend a stupendous $80 billion a year on incarceration. Israel's budget was $0.
But sanity is beginning to prevail in America's system of justice, at least regarding crimes against property. According to a story in the Washington Times, Hawaii has a model restitution program that experts hope other states will imitate. The state increased collections from offenders by 70 percent from 2013 to 2016, and wound up making 40% more disbursements to victims.
The state collected nearly $367,000 from inmates and parolees in 2016, and jumped collections to $587,000 in 2017. The number of payments made by offenders has jumped ten-fold, from 253 payments in 2010 to nearly 2500 in 2016.
And these totals do not include about $1.2 million collected since 2012 in 10 large one-time payments, mostly from theft and money-laundering cases. The director of the federal Office for Victims of Crime, Darlene Hutchinson, said, "I love what they're doing in Hawaii, and I hope that a lot of us can replicate that."
Expecting criminals to make restitution to their victims is inherently just and fair, and makes perfect sense if the goal is justice. And Anne Seymour, national crime victim advocate and consultant to Pew Charitable Trust, says to those who don't think government can actually collect from criminals, "When people say you can't squeeze blood from a turnip, I'll tell them to go to Hawaii, because look at the (restitution results). They're just amazing."
So programs of restitution are biblical and they can be made to work. What's not to like?
That leaves just one question: if this principle of justice has been embedded in the Scriptures for 3400 years, what took you so long?


Merkle Integrity Content Encoding (draft-thomson-http-mice) is a nice idea.
Specifying the record size in a separate "MI" HTTP header feels like a poor design: Content-Encoding indicates the encoding, but its critical parameter is in a separate header.
How about just putting the record size at the start of the content, eg a 4-byte prefix holding the record size in bytes as a big-endian unsigned int?
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China is a growth market for JLR, Tata CEO Carl-Peter Forster says.
LONDON (Bloomberg) -- Tata Motors plans to build Jaguar cars and Land Rover SUVs in China as it seeks to cut costs and expand sales of the luxury brands in emerging markets.
Tata will start Chinese manufacturing with Land Rover models and both brands would eventually produce as many as 40,000 vehicles combined, CEO Carl-Peter Forster said Friday at a press conference in London, declining to specify a target date.
The company's Jaguar Land Rover division will be taking on luxury-vehicle manufacturers such as BMW AG and Daimler AG as disposable incomes rise in China, the world's fastest-growing major economy. The country accounted for 8 percent of Jaguar Land Rover's 208,197 deliveries in the 12 months through March, according to Tata Motors' Web site.
Tata bought Jaguar and Land Rover in 2008 from Ford Motor Co. for $2.5 billion. The Indian company, including the newly combined U.K. luxury-vehicle division, returned to annual profit in the last fiscal year as truck and bus sales rose in its home country and Jaguar Land Rover reduced its workforce and scaled back spending to achieve a pretax profit.
Jaguar Land Rover is targeting growth in emerging markets by opening more showrooms in India and setting up a sales company in China, where its full-year deliveries doubled from 8,821 in a 10-month transitional period ended March 2009. Setting up production in China would take one to two years after the company made any decision on partners and a location, Forster said.
The division will decide by "mid-year" on which of two plants in England will remain open as the company consolidates production, Forster said. The factories are in Castle Bromwich, where the Jaguar XJ and XK cars are made, and Solihull, where Land Rover SUVs are built.


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CONFERENCE CALL: YES in Ukraine fails to answer the key question
The relationship between oligarch Ihor Kolomoisky and President Volodymyr Zelenskiy is the main question hanging over Ukraine's investment case.
By Ben Aris in Kyiv September 13, 2019
Investors and political celebrities made their way to Kyiv this week for the annual Yalta Economic Summit (YES) hosted by top Ukrainian oligarch Victor Pinchuk. But worryingly as the delegates sipped champagne and nibbled on canapés Ukrainian police were raiding the office of PrivatBank and the home of former National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) governor Valeria Gontareva. Ukraine's new President Volodymyr Zelenskiy has gotten off to a good start as the newly elected parliament passed a blizzard of long overdue legislation in just its first two weeks on the job, but the direction of the Zelenskiy government is still not clear.
Special forces police raided PrivatBank's headquarters in Dnipro with a search warrant issued by a district court in the eastern Ukrainian city, according to a PrivatBank press release. Police were reportedly investigating whether bank officials had exceeded their authority in concluding agreements with domestic and international recruitment and consulting companies.
The raid is the latest in a series of attacks related to the nationalisation of PrivatBank in 2016 that was partly prompted by a bne IntelliNews cover story Privatbank investigations that detailed the extent of related party lending by the bank to shell companies controlled by its owner oligarch Ihor Kolomoisky. In the ensuring scandal it transpired that the bank had been emptied of its deposits by these scams and there was a $7bn hole in its balance sheet. Gontareva nationalised the bank two months later.
Now that Zelenskiy is in complete control of the government Gontareva and the bank have been subject to a string of incidents that could simply be coincidence. Gontareva was knocked down by a car in London last month, then her daughter-in-law's car was doused in petrol and torched two weeks later. The reasons for the raid on Privatbank have not been explained by the new government.
"I'm rather worried about what's happening," the secretary of Ukraine's National Security and Defence Council Oleksandr Danylyuk told reporters on the sidelines of YES, the first comment by anyone in the new government on the raid. Danylyuk was finance minister at the time of PrivatBank's nationalisation and instrumental in the government's decision to take the bank over.
A week earlier the attacks on Gontareva and her family prompted the NBU to issue a statement calling on the government to protect its staff and former employees. Gontareva accused Kolomoisky of being behind the attacks in an email sent to bne IntelliNews from her hospital bed in London. "It's revenge," she said, adding to her earlier comments to bne IntelliNews in London before the car accident when she said she feared for her safety. British police are investigating the incident and suspect foul play.
Kolomoisky remains at liberty and indeed has launched a slew of lawsuits in an effort to undo the nationalisation and take back control of the bank. The police raided PrivatNank in connection to some PR deals, but Kolomoisky is not under investigation and returned to Ukraine after five years in exile shortly after Zelenskiy was elected. Last week Kolomoisky had his first public meeting with Zelenskiy where they discussed "business", although no further details were released.
"I have a good relation with the president. That's all," Kolomoisky told bne IntelliNews in comments on the sidelines of the YES conference where he appeared to the surprise of many commentators, but refused to elaborate.
Kolomoisky has been very vocal, and given many interviews to the press where he has offered his opinion on reforms and senior appointments in the government. He even controversially suggested that Ukraine default on its IMF debt.
While the Zelenskiy government is off to an encouraging start, the question of Kolomoisky's relationship to the president remains the biggest question mark hanging over the new regime. The raids on PrivatBank, Kolomoisky's welter of law suits against the NBU and the physical attacks on Gontareva all make this question mark more daunting.
Ukraine has proven to be hard to invest into as the politics have been so unpredictable in the past.
"There is definitely a lot of interest in Ukraine at the moment," one private equity fund manager told bne IntelliNews. "But it is still too early to say if there has been a real change and if it is worth investing. There is still no new private equity investment coming into Ukraine."
"Three of Estonia's biggest investors put money into Ukraine before, but they all lost money," Aivaras Abromavicius, CEO of Ukrainian defence company Ukroboronprom, told bne IntelliNews. "Investors need to make money and when they don't that's bad for the country as word gets out and it puts off the other investors."
Abromavicius is on the front line to transform Ukraine's investment story. A former economics minister, Abromavicius very publically quit accusing then president Petro Poroshenko of foisting his placemen on the economics ministry and said it was impossible to make reforms in the face of rampant corruption in the ruling administration. At his new job Abromavicius has taken on one of the most corrupt institutions in Ukraine.
"It's a huge task and it's going to be very difficult. But I like a challenge," Abromavicius told bne IntelliNews wryly, adding that his first task will simply been imposing some transparency on the state-owned behemoth and improving reporting and accountability.
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is already rising but the main investment arriving in Ukraine is still into the local bond market, which has attracted some $3.5bn in just a matter of months since the market was hooked up to the Clearstream international payments and settlements system – a reform that has been hailed as an outstanding success.
The yields on local bonds started this year at around 19% but have sunk an extraordinary 500 basis points since then.
"The government has raised a lot of money but now the Ministry of Finance has changed its tactics," Mykhaylo Demkiv, an analyst with the ICU investment bank in Kyiv, told bne IntelliNews. "Over the summer it was selling everything it could, but now it has slowed down and now is only offering bonds with a longer maturity of around five years as it hopes to get into the portfolio of insurance companies and the like. At the same the yields are being squeezed lower. The local bonds have been an excellent investment but the conditions are getting tighter now."
The economy is picking up and put in a surprise 4.6% growth in the second quarter, but for the economic growth to really accelerate to the 7% a year the government is targeting, Ukraine will need a lot more FDI and private equity investment and for those investors the jury is still out on Ukraine's prospects.
CONFERENCE CALL: UzInvest Forum talks tech
CONFERENCE CALL: IIB looks ahead to the next five years
CONFERENCE CALL: The only way is nukes
About Conference Call
Reflections from our correspondents attending conferences around the Central and Eastern Europe/Commonwealth of Independent States region.


text:
UN: 8M May Still Be Exposed to Pakistan Floodwaters
After melting glaciers and monsoon rains submerged one-third of Pakistan over the summer — killing 1.7K and affecting 33M — the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said on Tuesday that 240K remain displaced and roughly 8M are "still potentially exposed to floodwaters
After melting glaciers and monsoon rains submerged one-third of Pakistan over the summer — killing 1.7K and affecting 33M — the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said on Tuesday that 240K remain displaced and roughly 8M are "still potentially exposed to floodwaters or living close to flooded areas."
The report cites satellite images showing floodwaters still present in 11 districts of Sindh and two districts of Balochistan, with poor sanitation and contaminated water particularly impacting children's health. Diarrhea and other waterborne diseases are still widespread.
The report did indicate that things are slowly returning to normal, with the WHO saying malaria cases have fallen by 25% in Balochistan, 58% in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and 67% in Sindh since early September.
Pakistan, along with Afghanistan, is one of the last two nations not to eradicate polio. OCHA reported that 600K Pakistani children are still yet to receive the vaccine due to a lack of access to flood-impacted areas.
The relief effort has reportedly fallen short of requirements, with over 5.1M people still experiencing dire conditions in flood-afflicted areas. Nearly 90% of displaced people are living with host communities, and the remaining 10% are housed in tent cities and relief camps.
Overcrowded shelters, inadequate health infrastructure, and poor sanitation have increased the prevalence of a number of infectious diseases.
Sources: Al Jazeera, Dawn, First Post, and Pak Tribune.
Narrative A, as provided by Geo. Pakistan's lackluster approach to flood prevention and resilience measures is primarily to blame. After experiencing massive floods in 2010 and again this year, Pakistan must start operationalizing flood prevention measures codified by international standards. These include building gender-appropriate shelters and strengthening education, sanitation, and infrastructure systems.
Narrative B, as provided by CNN. Having only contributed less than 1% of the world's carbon emissions, Pakistan should not have to foot the entire bill after enduring these climate change-induced floods. It's been 20 years since the West pledged to contribute $100B to developing countries, and it's about time the richest nations in the world follow through on that promise. It's not fair to expect Islamabad to respond effectively to climate-catalyzed catastrophes spurred by Western consumption.


Sugarlane Designs: Grow Your Blog Party Winner.
I'd like to say thank you to all who visited….all the new readers and those who subscribed to my blog….I'll endeavour to keep you coming back for more.
Unfortunately I can only draw one winner in the giveaway today, but if you'd like any of my patterns, they are available HERE in my Craftsy store (and there's lots more on the drawing board!).
Ok….here goes…… Mr RNG please……….
Hi Wendy, thanks for offering a chance to win in the give away.
Your designs are beautiful and so is your blog.
You have won both of my patterns shown above. I'll send them off to you shortly….I hope you enjoy making them. I'd love to see them once they're done so please send me a photo and I'll share them on my blog.
Thanks to Vicki and everyone who entered. There's lots more happening so keep an eye on Sugarlane!
Congratulations Jeanneke! Wendy has beautiful designs which I'm sure you will enjoy making.
Have a great week Wendy. Cheers, Tracy.
And once I will have made them, I'll let you know.
Thanks again and wishing you a wonderful week full of sunshine and happy stitching.
Congrats to Jeanneke! She was recently my partner in a postcard exchange, and she does beautiful work.


text:
Q: JSON parse Android - object in object How to parse this json? I want get data from title, field_place and brothers fields.
{
"events": [
{
  "event": {
    "title": "BITUMIX Martyna Jastrz\u0119bska",
    "field_place": "Nowe Miejsce Al Jerozolimskie 51 lok.2",
    "field_zdjecie": "http:\/\/wybierzkulture.waw.pl\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/post\/public\/martyna_jastrzebska_bitumix_2.jpg?itok=nd2O5U5z"
  }
},
{
  "event": {
    "title": "Wiecz\u00f3r Komedii Improwizowanej - D\u017cem Impro!",
    "field_place": "",
    "field_zdjecie": "http:\/\/wybierzkulture.waw.pl\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/post\/public\/dzem_17_maja.jpg?itok=bfgDYxKq"
  }
},
...

I tried:
JSONObject itemm = jArray.getJSONObject(i);
JSONObject oneObject = itemm.getJSONObject("event");
String title = oneObject.getString("title");
String field_place = oneObject.getString("field_place");

... but it doesn't work.

A: In a JSON string , there are two symbols that guide you through parsing :
{ - indicates a JSONObject
[ - indicates a JSONArray
When parsing a json string, you should go through this items iteratively. To understand how many JsonObjects and JsonArrays you have in your string , and from which you should start parsing, use a json-visualizer tool like this website. :

Example : As you see, the root object is a JSONObject which consists of an JSONArray with three jsonOnjects. To parse such a structure you can use :
JSONObject jsonobj = new JSONObject(jsonstring);

String result = jsonObject.getString("success");
String error_number = jsonObject.getString("error_number");
String error_message = jsonObject.getString("error_message");

JSON Array jsonarray = jsonobj.getJSONArray();

String[] names = new String[jsonArray.length()];
String[] formattedNames = new String[jsonArray.length()];

for(int i=0;i<jsonArray.length();i++)
{
    JSONObject jsonObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);

    names [i] = jsonObject.getString("name");
    formattedNames [i] = jsonObject.getString("formattedName");
  }

A: try this
JSONArray  element = jsonobj.getJSONArray("events");
              for(int i=0;i < element.length();i++){
                    JSONObject e = element.getJSONObject(i);

                    Log.d("TESTTT22",e.getJSONObject("event").getString("title"));

              }

        } catch (JSONException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Comprised of six undergraduate majors and three graduate degree programs, IAS provides an interdisciplinary approach to the study of international and global issues. The six undergraduate majors include Asian Studies, Development Studies, Latin American Studies, Middle Eastern Studies, Peace & Conflict Studies, Political Economy, and Global Studies. The Graduate Degree programs include Asian Studies, International & Area Studies, and Latin American Studies.


text:
Czechtivity
Great Iowa Gardens
Homegrown Friends
Iowa Scenic Byways
Sandhill Acres
Saving the family farm at the Iowa State Fair
August 19, 2016Written by Cindy
The Stewart family, from Jackson County, Iowa, received its Heritage Farm award at the Iowa State Fair on Aug. 18, 2016, with representatives from the east and west coasts and as far away as New Zealand. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Keeping the family farm in the family is no easy task and keeping one in the same family for 150 years can take monumental effort.
We've faced numerous challenges over the past several years with our family farm in Tama County, but spent a good part of Thursday with others who have done the same.
Our farm, which dates back to 1865, was among those honored Aug. 18 at the Iowa State Fair for achieving Heritage Farm status in Iowa.
Many family members wore matching T-shirts at the Heritage and Century Farm ceremony at the Iowa State Fair. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Heritage farms are those that have been in the same family for 150 years or more. Century Farms – those that have been in the same family for 100 years or more – also were recognized at the ceremony.
Families, many in matching T-shirts, took to the stage to receive a certificate and metal marker to acknowledge their achievements; some as individuals, with other groups numbering up to 50 relatives. My brother, Gregg, did the research to trace the history of our Musel Family Farm and was able to attend the ceremony, along with several other family members.
The Century Farm program began in Iowa during the nation's bicentennial in 1976. Learn more about the program on the state's agriculture website.
As of last year, 18,698 Iowa farms have achieved Century Farm status, with another 320 added Thursday. The Heritage Farm program is in its 10th year and numbered 837 as of 2015. Just over 100 were added at this year's ceremony at the Iowa State Fair.
Family Farm History will offer a website where Iowans can share photos, stories and more of their family farm history. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
One project, which plans to come to fruition later this fall, will showcase family farm histories on a new website. Creator Mark Gannon would like to see families input data, photos, family records and more on Family Farm History.
The project scanned digital files on all of the Century and Heritage Farms with help from a grant from Humanities Iowa. Gannon hopes families will interview their aging relatives to capture memories of life on Iowa farms.
"There's something about our farms that connect us through our families," said Iowa Secretary of Agriculture, Bill Northey, who smiled through the hundreds of photos shot of all of the families as the presentations were made, along with representatives of the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation.
Even as the state celebrates the achievements of these family farmers, side discussion surrounds the permanent damage that many Iowa farmers will sustain as a crude oil pipeline is forced through their property by the out-of-state Dakota Access and Iowa faces ongoing environmental issues related to farming practices.
This vignette, portraying a Chelsea Melon stand in miniature, was a blue-ribbon winner at the Iowa State Fair. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Still, with its food-on-a-stick and my favorite, the vegetable competition, the fair offered a break from the ongoing concerns troubling our state.
One of the entries brought our Heritage Farm award full-circle, as a blue-ribbon winner portrayed the Chelsea Melons stand, in miniature, to capture that long-ago era in which my ancestors took part.
Related: Grandma's watermelons at Seed Savers Exchange in Decorah
See more images from the Heritage and Century Farm presentations and the Iowa State Fair, below:
The Connolly family of Dubuque had one of the largest groups at the Heritage Farm ceremony Aug. 18, 2016, at the Iowa State Fair. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Photos were taken of each family that received a Century or Heritage Farm award at the Iowa State Fair. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Unusual vegetables were among the categories in the Agricultural Building at the Iowa State Fair. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Giant pumpkins are displayed outside the Agricultural Building at the Iowa State Fair on Aug. 18, 2016. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Numerous categories of vegetables are displayed in the Agricultural Building at the Iowa State Fair in Des Moines. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
A box of vegetables received a second-place award at the Iowa State Fair. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Margaret Wolter and Dorothy Martens make their way outside the Pioneer Pavilion after the award ceremony for Heritage Farms at the Iowa State Fair. (photo/Cindy Hadish)
Agriculture 2016, Century Farm, Heritage Farm, Iowa, Iowa State Fair, photos, Seed Savers Exchange
Lily Lake looking pretty as a picture
DNR: Iowans shot deer, left them to rot
COVID-19 outbreaks escalate at nursing homes in Iowa
Nearly lost: Rescuing a Czech work of art in Iowa
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1) You can code in Python, which is an easier language to learn than Java, but no less powerful. In fact, I know of a superb programmer who uses Python to backtest HF strategies.
3) It is event-driven (or for those who like the latest jargon: CEP-enabled), like all the Java API's that I discussed in the previous article.
4) They have 1-min US equities data for backtesting. Tick-level data will be available soon.
5) Toolboxes for common technical indicators, mathematical algorithms, etc. will be available soon.
6) They will run a competition for trading models which makes it easier for independent traders to become trading advisers to others, or to raise money for their own funds.
Unfortunately, live walk-forward testing is not yet available.
"So, I finally deployed my momentum strategy on a Linux instance of EC2 (which is free btw).
I wrote it based on the java demo application provided by Interactive Brokers and some parts of Algoquant.
So far, I use a European instance of EC2 which alas doesn't have the best latency to IB US servers (90 ms) but still better than my bedroom connection.
A test ping from a US instance to IB US servers results in only 15 ms ..."
So there you go: Java+Algoquant+IB+EC2=profit.


In 2016, half of Americans age 18 and older were married. That's a lot of weddings. Wedding photos are more than pictures. They're a truly timeless memento of one of the most important days of your life, so choosing a wedding photographer is a big decision. Photographers come at different price levels with various degrees of service and a number of different styles. You'll need to put careful thought into what kind of pictures you want to remember your special day. Follow these tips and you're sure to come up with a photographer you'll love.
Different photographers, like professional Andrea Matone, specialize in different styles of photos. There are four main styles to choose from, so read up on the different types and decide which one best suits you and your fiancé.
Fashion – this dramatic style makes the bridal party look styled and glamorous.
Classic or Traditional – for this style, the photographer will take photos in traditional wedding poses as well as poses requested by the couple while working off a short list.
Photojournalism – this style is more natural than the previously posed varieties. The photographer will capture more candid photos by following you throughout the wedding and reception.
Illustrative – this is a style that combines the posed looks of traditional photography with the documentary-type photography of photojournalism style. The photographer will use more informal and relaxed poses while still paying careful attention to composition.
For Sunday weddings or weddings that take place out-of-season, you'll have better luck finding a photographer on short notice.
For weddings that take place at unpopular times, you may be able to book a photographer within six months.
For weddings that take place during the traditional wedding season, you're probably looking at a year to book a photographer.
A good wedding photographer will build up a local reputation, so always start your search by asking people you trust for recommendations. Ask people who have gotten married within the last few years what their experience with their photographer was like.
If you do have a friend who recommends their photographer, always look at their photo album before giving the photographer a call, so you know they'll be a good fit. Remember that everybody has different ideas and tastes when it comes to good wedding photography. Another excellent place to get recommendations is from a wedding planner or other professional that's working on your wedding.
When researching photographers online, pay careful attention to how they present themselves and whether most of their customer reviews are positive. While you shouldn't base your decision solely on reviews, it's best to have as much information as possible.
Also, don't rely too heavily on the photos on a photographer's website. While pictures can be a great way to see what type of work a photographer does, some sleazy conmen will steal or buy photos taken by somebody else and portray them as their own. Always fully research your photography candidates to avoid any potential tricks or scams.
After the research stage, you're ready to interview and hire your photographer. Make a short list of photographers you're interested in and prepare questions with your partner. Talk to the photographer about his or her style and experience, and whether they work with an assistant. Also find out whether they do post-production on the photos, how long you'll have to wait for the results, and what format you'll receive them in.
When you've fully researched and interviewed the candidates, you're ready to choose the best photographer for the job. Look at each potential photographer's portfolio, go over your interview notes, weigh the cost against the value these photos will hold for you, and consider the photographer's personality and whether it's a match for your big day. One photographer will stand out above the others. They will most likely be the best person for the job.Wedding traditions date back thousands of years. While photography is fairly new in comparison, capturing your big day with photos that are beautiful and will last a lifetime is just as important as the dress and the rings. Use these tips to put critical thought into hiring the best photographer, and you're sure to end up with mementos of your day that you will love.


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Me-Mail
PRKR, Ted, TED, The Blitz, and Gay Republicans For 208 Years They Have Avoided Politics
Not Deplorable At All
By A.T. On October 11, 2020
Friday's "The Daily" does a great job helping folks like me understand Trump voters — in this case, in northeastern Pennsylvania.
It's clear these folks are anything but deplorable. They are fine, decent, and smart.
(Just because you're smart doesn't mean you can't get conned. I believe Trump has conned them.)
With so few days left, we've almost surely lost them for this election.
But if Joe wins, I think in working to reunite the country he will show them the respect they deserve.
Carl and Tom, whom I've only met via email, probably don't fit the mold of the Pennsylvanians you'll hear on that podcast. In Carl's case, a big part of his Trump support seems to be Israel. Trump moved the capital to Jerusalem (without, his critics complain, getting concessions in return); and it's just now that the United Arab Emirates have normalized relations with Israel, which is a big deal.
Interestingly, it may be former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, more than Donald Trump or Jared Kushner, who helped make that happen: How former British Prime Minister Tony Blair worked for years to bring Israel and the United Arab Emirates closer together, and turn the accepted formula of "peace with the Palestinians before normalization" on its head — a must-read for anyone who yearns for peace in the Middle East.
However it happened, and however the credit should be apportioned: kudos. I share Carl's happiness that it did.
But not his enthusiasm for Trump; nor Trump's enthusiasm for journalist-murdering, opposition-imprisoning autocrats.
Did you see Pete Buttigieg on Fox News?
Asked about places Biden and Harris disagree, Pete gives a crisp 40-second answer. (Thanks, Upworthy.)
Do you work for the Justice Department?
I didn't think so.
But just in case you do . . . please read this reminder of your oath.
Here is one brave assistant U.S. Attorney who clearly needs no reminder:
Many former federal prosecutors have spoken out against Attorney General William Barr, while current federal prosecutors have understandably remained silent. The attorney general's comments at Hillsdale College, however, compel me to speak out as well. While I am a federal prosecutor, I am writing to express my own views, clearly not those of the department, on a matter that should concern all citizens: the unprecedented politicization of the office of the attorney general. The attorney general acts as though his job is to serve only the political interests of Donald J. Trump. This is a dangerous abuse of power. From his misleading summary of the Mueller Report, to his selective intervention in cases against political allies of the president, to his accusation that victims such as George Floyd are being used as mere "props" by those calling for racial justice, to his baseless claims about mail-in ballots, William Barr has done the president's bidding at every turn. For 30 years I have been proud to say I work for the Department of Justice, but the current attorney general has brought shame on the department he purports to lead.
James D. Herbert
God, how I should have shoved little Billy in a locker when I had the chance.
Happy Columbus Day!
"Illegal Immigration Since 1492," as those who would rename it Indigenous People's Day have pointed out.
Thank you, Squanto, Sacagawea, et al. We have not done well by your descendants.
Good judgment comes from experience, and a lot of that comes from bad judgment.
~Will Rogers
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We foster engagement and connection within Jewish life through the power of community. Our community comes together for joyous holiday and family celebrations, the spirit of music and song, sacred moments in prayer, intimate Shabbat dinners, deep and interpretive Torah study, personalized B'nai Mitzvah experiences, meaningful relationships and creative learning for every age.
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Sports Betting in Wyoming
Wyoming has been anti-gambling throughout its history which is a little strange given a few other facts about the state. For Salt Lake City residents, Evanston, Wyoming long served as an oasis of personal freedom. This is one reason that Wyoming was the last state in the country to raise their drinking age from 18 to 21. The public justification was a 'rugged anti-Federal attitude' but a more viable reason was the lucrative liquor sales at stores and bars in border towns like Evanston. That ended in 1988 after Wyoming was strong armed by the government into acquiescing to their demands. Even so, Wyoming remained a source for Utah residents to buy merchandise ranging from adult videos and sexual devices to fireworks.
Gambling is a different matter entirely. The state legalized parimutuel wagering on horse racing in 1967. Unfortunately, by 2010 there was no longer any live racing in the state. The horse racing industry is trying to mount a comeback and now offers a limited number of live racing dates. There are now eight simulcast wagering facilities across the state complete with historical racing based gaming devices. Wyoming authorized a state lottery in 2013 but currently offers only draw games including Mega Millions and Powerball.
The low point of Wyoming's anti-gambling stance came after the 1988 Federal Indian Gaming Regulatory Act. The state tried to illegally deny Wyoming Native American tribes their right to offer casino gambling on their land by refusing to enter into compact negotiations. The tribes would eventually prevail though it took 10 years of legal battles until a Federal Court of Appeals granted the Arapaho tribes the right to run a full range of casino games on their land. Compacts were negotiated in 2006 and today there are four tribal casinos in the state offering slots, table games and live poker.
Otherwise with the exception of low stake charity bingo and raffles there is no other gambling legal in Wyoming. Given the state's history of opposing the expansion of gambling and rancorous relationship with their Native American tribes it's difficult to see Wyoming adding sports betting anytime in the near future.


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Ipoh Society For the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
We Need Your Help & Contribution
ISPCA is a non-profit organisation currently guardian to approximately 250 dogs & 80 cats at our shelter. Our shelter entirely depend on the generosity of the public for its monthly survival. Hence your volunteer help and contribution is greatly appreciated, all donation contributed to our shelter are tax-exempted for Malaysian Residents.
We welcome and are deeply grateful for any donation in cash or kind. Donations by cheque must be issued to 'The Ipoh Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals'.
Public Bank – 3060433821
Lot 38642, 4 1/2 Miles Stone,
Jalan Gopeng, 31300 Ipoh, Perak.
ispca2016@gmail.com
For our center visitation, please give us a call at
Lot 38642, 4 1/2 Miles Stone, Jalan Gopeng, 31300 Ipoh, Perak.
016-550 6915 (Please Call For Site Visitation)
The Ipoh Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (The ISPCA), is a non-profit organisation formed under the Societies Act, 1966 of Malaysia.
We welcome and deeply grateful for any donation in cash or kind. Donation by cheques must be issued to "The Ipoh Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals".
Copyrighted © ISPCA 2020. All Right Reserved


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Call to ban ivory give and take
By Yang Yao (China Daily)
National political advisors have urged the government to take immediate measures to curtail the consumption and demand of endangered wildlife products.
Yuan Xikun, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, said he had submitted a proposal to the advisory body in early March, demanding that civil servants be prohibited from giving and receiving ivory.
"Building on the joint decree by the general offices of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council to ban dishes containing shark fin, birds' nests and protected wild animals at official receptions and banquets, in an effort to root out corruption and condemn decadent consumption, we urge a special decree prohibiting the lavish taking and giving of parts and products from endangered species by government officials and civil servants," Yuan's proposal reads.
As a sculptor, environmentalist and United Nations Environment Programme ambassador, Yuan's proposal expressed his special interest in one area in particular.
"Recall an ivory carving China presented to the UN and displayed at the United Nations headquarters in New York, and replace it with a sculpture that demonstrates China's commitment to the protection of endangered wildlife and the world's natural heritage."
In addition to calling for the prohibition of government officials giving or receiving gifts made from endangered species, Yuan's proposal urges maintaining and enforcing an administrative ban on the auction of endangered species, suggesting instead the destruction of the entire stockpile of confiscated elephant ivory and the ultimate phasing out of the domestic ivory trade.
Yuan's proposal follows a similar petition to the CPPCC by former basketball superstar Yao Ming who has asked for a ban on ivory sales in China.
"Expensive ivory products are always used as bribes," Yao said. "They are an important feature of the extravagance and corruption in China."
Last year, the government banned the serving of shark fin and bird nest soups and other wild animal products at official banquets and, in January, China destroyed 6.1 metric tons of confiscate ivory. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has announced it will incinerate 30 tons of stockpiled illegal ivory in the next two years.
If the proposals by Yuan and Yao are adopted, it would represent a monumental step forward, said Zhang Qi, an officer with the International Fund for Animal Welfare.
"We know that we can shed light on the darkness of ignorance," she said.
Zhang believes that once Chinese consumers understand that 90 percent of elephants are killed for their ivory, they will support a sales ban.
Her organization's campaign "Mom, I have teeth" has lessened demand for the product from the segments of the population most likely to buy it from 54 percent to 26 percent, she said.
President Xi Jinping's government austerity drive has already led to a drop in sales of luxury watches, expensive liquor and other extravagant "gifts" commonly used to court favor in both the business and political arena.
The public looks to its leaders for guidance and role models and the government should consider making any purchase of ivory illegal, according to a recent IFAW-commissioned survey by Rapid Asia, a social development organization.
A WildAid survey echoed the same sentiments, with 94 percent of the Chinese public supporting a total government ban on the ivory trade.
"Ignorance, indifference and greed are three key drivers of demand for parts and products of endangered species" said John Scanlon, secretary-general of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, in February in London, where leaders from 46 countries gathered to pledge their support to fight wildlife poaching, trafficking and demand.
yangyao@chinadaily.com.cn
The central government destroyed 6.1 metric tons of confiscated ivory in Dongguan, Guangdong province on Jan 6. It's the country's first public destruction of ivory, showing the government's determination to combat the illegal trade in wildlife. Yang Bo / for China Daily
Ivory products confiscated by police in Yunnan province during a crackdown on the smuggling and trafficking of protected wildlife products in January. Zhai Jian / for China Daily
(China Daily 04/05/2014 page8)
Challenges in search for MH370 'unprecedented'
China urges rescue of abductee
Satellite to monitor disasters in Europe
44 investigated after plant protest
Answering the call to prayer
Ctiy starts emergency response to Malaysian kidnapping
China reports 2 more H7N9 cases
Turkey expects China's high speed rail investment
Tanks tackle wildfires in NE China
China Development Forum 2014 opens
White Crane dance takes flight
'Model husband' shatters image of love
President Xi visits western Europe
Reforms give NGOs a level playing field
Crossing the great relationship divide
Baby hatches raise controversy


Our own estate vineyard was planted in 1927 by Alcide Pelletti on the eastern bench of the Laguna de Santa Rosa flood plain. Both sides of the Laguna were popular for settlement by Italians immigrants in the late 1800s/early 1900s. Today, thanks to families like the Pellettis, Fratis, Marcuccis, Barbieris, Paperas, Mancinis, Maffeis, Montafis, Bacigalupis, Gambogis, Favas, and Saitones, this area represents "ground zero" when it comes to old-vine Russian River Valley Zinfandel.
As was typical in the early 1900s, Carlisle Vineyard is a field blend consisting of predominantly Zinfandel with a sprinkling of Petite Sirah, Alicante Bouschet, Grand Noir de la Calmette, Tempranillo, Peloursin, and others. In fact, to date, we have identified 40 different varieties! A true heirloom vineyard! Despite consistently low yields, its cool location dictates very late picking, typically the third week of October.


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Kriminalstatistiken sind amtliche kriminologische Statistiken, die strafbares und rechtswidriges Verhalten quantitativ erfassen und regional, z. B. auf Bundesländer oder auf ein Staatsgebilde, begrenzt sind.

Kriminalstatistiken geben Aufschluss über Täter (und spezifische Gruppierungen), Opfer, Fälle, Ermittlungsverfahren, Strafverfahren, Schäden, strafrechtliche Folgen und Kriminalgeographie mit Aufschlüsselung der Zeiträume.

Im engeren Sinne sind dies in Deutschland:
 eine Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik (PKS)
 die staatsanwaltschaftliche Erledigungsstatistik
 die Strafverfolgungsstatistik
 die Strafvollzugsstatistik

Kriminalstatistiken im weiteren Sinne sind die statistischen Materialien der Bewährungs- und Jugendhilfe, aber auch das Bundeszentralregister beim Generalbundesanwalt. Aus dem BZR ist es unter erheblichem Aufwand möglich, eine Rückfallstatistik zu entwickeln. Bisher sind 1989 und 1990 Rückfallstatistiken erschienen. Für die Daten aus 1994 ist Anfang 2004 eine Rückfallstatistik erschienen.

Bis auf die PKS handelt es sich ausschließlich um Justizstatistiken. Theoretisch ist aufgrund des polizeilichen Ermittlungsregisters sogar möglichm, eine präjudizielle Statistik ("Anzeigestatistik") zu erstellen, die jedoch aufgrund des Datenschutzes und der Effizienz polizeilicher Ermittlungstätigkeit nicht öffentlich gemacht werden können.

Eine kriminologisch interessante Verknüpfung aller Statistiken zu einer so genannten Verlaufsstatistik ist aufgrund der erheblichen Datenfülle, der unterschiedlichen Datenformate und nicht zuletzt auch aufgrund des Datenschutzes derzeit technisch und auch rechtlich unmöglich.

Kriminalstatistiken erscheinen anonym, um einen Überblick über die Kriminalitätslage zu bringen. Dabei können die Kriminalitätsstatistiken nicht zur Diagnose oder zur Prognose verwendet werden, denn das abgebildete Kriminalitätsgeschehen zeigt lediglich die polizei- und justizbekannten Taten auf (so genanntes Hellfeld).

Geschichte
Erste justizstatistische Auswertungen wurden unter Ludwig XIV. von Frankreich unternommen. Eine systematische Auswertung ist ab dem Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts nachgewiesen. Einer wissenschaftlichen Analyse wurden diese sog. Moralstatistiken erstmals 1836 durch Adolphe Quetelet unterzogen. Auch in Großbritannien, Österreich und Dänemark wurden im frühen 19. Jahrhundert Kriminalstatistiken veröffentlicht.
In deutschen Landen wurden erstmals 1803 bzw. 1809 statistische Erhebungen zu Justizverwaltungszwecken in Bayern und Baden vorgenommen. Ab 1830 wurden sowohl in Preußen als auch in Bayern persönliche Merkmale von Straftätern erhoben.
Seit 1882 gab es in Deutschland eine einheitliche Kriminalstatistik, die abgeurteilte Personen und abgeurteilte strafbare Handlungen erfasste. Ab 1917 wurden jedoch nur noch die Personen gezählt. In den Zeiten des NS-Regimes war geplant, eine vereinheitlichte Kriminalstatistik einzuführen. Das Vorhaben konnte jedoch wegen des Kriegsausbruchs nicht umgesetzt werden. Seit 1950 gab es für das damalige Bundesgebiet die erste Strafverfolgungsstatistik. 1953 wurde die bundeseinheitliche Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik etabliert. 1961 kam die Strafvollzugsstatistik hinzu und 1963 die Statistik über die Bewährungshilfe und die Führungsaufsicht. Von 1976 an wurde eine staatsanwaltschaftliche Erledigungsstatistik geführt.

Interpretation
Zur Interpretation von Kriminalstatistiken ist es bei so genannten Längsschnittuntersuchungen (Untersuchungen über einen gewissen Zeitraum hinweg) notwendig, den demographischen Wandel zu berücksichtigen. Daher werden die jeweiligen absoluten Werte mit 100.000 multipliziert und durch die Bevölkerung der orts- oder altersgruppenbezogenen Größe dividiert. Dieses Vorgehen ist weltweit standardisiert und resultiert in der so genannten Häufigkeitszahl. Häufigkeitszahlen werden in der Regel nicht durch die Kriminalstatistiken ausgewiesen.

Anhand des vorliegenden statistischen Materials ist es auf Aggregatsebene möglich, eine Reduktion des polizeilichen Tatvorwurfs darzustellen. Vergleicht man die polizeilich registrierten strafmündigen Tatverdächtigen mit den Abgeurteilten und Verurteilten (und schließlich auch mit den Gefangenen), so ergibt sich eine erhebliche Abnahme.
Diese Vergleichbarkeit unter den Kriminalstatistiken ist jedoch umstritten. Gerade weil die polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik anders strukturiert ist, wird eine Vergleichbarkeit verneint. Schließlich ist der Erfassungszeitraum ein anderer als bei den übrigen Statistiken. Die erfassenden Stellen sind ebenfalls unterschiedlich.

Größte Schwäche der Statistiken ist ihre rein quantitative Ausrichtung, die kaum Anhaltspunkte über die Tatschwere (insoweit nur das durch die Verfolgungsstatistik angegebene Strafzumessung) ergibt. Der Tatbeitrag (Täter- oder Mittäterschaft, Beihilfe, Anstiftung) wird ebenso kaum erfasst.

In einem im Juni 2014 veröffentlichten Interview hat der Chef der Deutschen Polizeigewerkschaft (DPolG), Rainer Wendt, den Aussagewert von Kriminalstatistiken mit den Worten relativiert: "Wir wissen natürlich, dass die Kriminalitätsstatistik eigentlich so nicht heißen dürfte. Ich würde sie »Arbeitsnachweis Polizei« nennen, denn sie bildet nicht die tatsächliche Kriminalität ab, sondern lediglich die Zahl der Anzeigen in den verschiedenen Deliktsbereichen, die die Polizei bearbeitet hat, mehr nicht. Das, was die Menschen als Kriminalität oder auch als teilweise massive Ordnungsstörungen vor Ort erleben, ist etwas völlig anderes."

Siehe auch
 Lagebild (differenziert nach Kriminalgeographie, Deliktsgruppen und Täterherkunft etc.)

Literatur
 Reinhard Scholzen: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Aussagewerts Polizeilicher Kriminalstatistiken. In: Die Polizei, 1, 2003, S. 16–19.

Weblinks

 Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistiken der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ab 1953 (Herausgeber: Bundeskriminalamt (Deutschland))
 Strafverfolgung auf den Seiten des Statistischen Bundesamtes

Einzelnachweise

Amtliche Statistik

et:Kuritegevuse tase

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The German Empire definitive postage stamps produced between 1914 and the beginning of 1919, are referred to as the "Wartime Printings".
The thirteen major-type German Empire Germania and Representative Subjects stamps shown above, known as the "Wartime Printings", were issued between 1914 and 1918. These stamps were printed on paper that was watermarked lozenges.
In the Wartime Printings, the paper is of poorer quality, sometimes with a grayish or yellowish tint, the colors are duller and darker, and the fine details of the vignette are course and a little smudgy.
This is especially evident in the bi-colored stamps, where the vignette is printed in black. The fine details in the crown, in Germania's hair, and in the leaves on the sprig Germania is holding, are almost gone and are now coarse and smudgy.
Super-sized images of the Wartime Printings of the Mark denominations are shown above. Determining the printing characteristics for these can sometimes be a bit tricky.
The Mark denominations of the Wartime Printings are duller looking, sometimes have darker colors, and the fine lines in the vignettes are not as discernible as on the earlier printings. The watermarks are also less distinct on these issues, than on those of the Peacetime Printings.
Here is what the Michel catalog says about these.
Here is the literal English Translation.
Blurred print resolution; Porous quality, sometimes yellowish paper; Watermark indistinct; White gum, strong shiny and dull or yellowish with brownish breaks.
I find the translation of the Michel definition of the Wartime printings somewhat confusing. I have made some personal observations, which might be of additional help here.
On the Mark denominations, the outer frame lines almost always show weakness. This can appear as bleeding, chipping, or flaking along the edges edges of the frame lines. In some cases, as with the 5 Mark above, the color impression is missing, showing what appears to be frame-breaks.
The engraved fine detail of the designs is often dark and smudgy. On solid color areas, the ink impression can look uneven.
Some of the Wartime printings of the Mark denominations have 26x17 perforation holes, identical to those used for the Peacetime printings. These are all very scarce.
The most common of the Wartime printings have 25x17 perforation holes. These perforation hole varieties were ONLY utilized for the Wartime printings.
All of the Mark denomination stamps shown on this page are of the 25 x 17 perforation hole variety.
The catalog attributes of the Wartime Printings are as follows.
03 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #84II, Sc. #81) - Brown, Dark Brown.
05 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #85II, Sc. #82) - Green (Shades).
10 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #86II, Sc. #83) - Red, Carmine Red, Orange Red, Lilac Red.
20 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #87II, Sc. #84) - Blue Violet, Light Blue, Ultramarine.
25 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #88II, Sc. #85) - Orange & Black on Yellow.
30 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #89II, Sc. #86) - Orange & Black on Buff, on Cream.
40 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #90II, Sc. #87) - Lake & Black.
50 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #91II, Sc. #88) - Purple & Black on Buff, on Yellow Orange.
60 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #92II, Sc. #89) - Magenta, Red Violet.
80 Pf. (1915 - Mi. #93II, Sc. #91) - Lake & Black on Rose.
01 Mk. (1918 - 26 x 17 - Mi. #94AII, Sc. #92a) - Carmine Red.
01 Mk. (1915 - 25 x 17 - Mi. #94BII, Sc. #92) - Carmine Red.
02 Mk. (1916 - 26 x 17 - Mi. #95AII, Sc. #93b) - Bright Blue.
02 Mk. (1916 - 25 x 17 - Mi. #95BII, Sc. #93) - Bright Blue.
03 Mk. (1919 - 26 x 17 - Mi. #96AII, Sc. #94c) - Violet Gray.
03 Mk. (1918 - 25 x 17 - Mi. #96BII, Sc. #94) - Violet Gray, Black Violet.
05 Mk. (1916 - 26 x 17 - Mi. #97AII, Sc. #95b) - Slate & Carmine.
05 Mk. (1918 - 25 x 17 - Mi. #97BII, Sc. #95) - Slate & Carmine.
In 1915, there were two spectacular production errors that accidentally occurred.
Through the use of the wrong type of watermarked paper, a number of the 5 Pf. postage stamps, were printed on paper with the Cross and Circles watermark (Mi. #85IIaWU, Sc. N/L). This watermark was commonly used by the Kingdom of Württemberg on their official stamp issues, but it was NEVER used for German Empire postage stamps. The Cross and Circles watermark (on a Württemberg stamp) is shown above.
Likewise, a few of the 3 Mk. denomination stamps were printed on paper that was watermarked circles (Mi. #96BIIaW, Sc. #102). This type of paper was used for German Empire revenue stamps but never for postage stamp printing.
Both of these German Empire production errors are VERY RARE.
The seven major-type Germania stamps shown above were issued between 1916 and 1919. Except for the 75 Pf. denomination, there is a white field behind Germania, instead of the horizontal lines used for previous issues.
02 Pf. (1918 - Mi. #102, Sc. #96) - Light Gray.
02 1/2 Pf. (1916 - Mi. #98, Sc. #97) - Light Gray.
07 1/2 Pf. (1916 - Mi. #99, Sc. #98) - Red Orange.
15 Pf. (1916 - Mi. #100, Sc. #99) - Yellow Brown, Olive Brown.
15 Pf. (1917 - Mi. #101, Sc. #100) - Dark Violet, Blue Violet, Blackish Violet.
35 Pf. (1919 - Mi. #103, Sc. #101) - Red Brown, Lake Brown.
75 Pf. (1919 - Mi. #104, Sc. #90) - Green & Black.
During 1919, following the end of World War I and the Versailles Treaty, the Weimar Republic was declared, and the German Empire came to an end.


text:
Gartner predicts boom in hyperautomation technologies
Thu 29 Apr 2021
Hyperautomation is set to become an even more significant hallmark of business continuity and digital transformation, with Gartner reporting substantial hikes in the valuation of hyperautomation tech.
According to the data analyst firm, the global market for tools and technologies that enable hyperautomation will reach $532.4 billion this year and will total $596.6 billion in 2022 — both up from $481.6 billion in 2020.
Hyperautomation refers to the approach that allows organisations to rapidly automate as many processes as possible using specific sets of tools and technologies. These can include robotic process automation (RPA), low-code application platforms (LCAP), artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual assistants.
These tools can be used across multiple IT and business use cases, and are among the technologies that will be the most in-demand as critical enablers of the broader automation trend. The market comprising these tools will see double-digit growth through to 2022, according to Gartner.
Other software used to automate more specific tasks, such as ERP, supply chain and CRM systems, will also contribute to the growth of the market, Gartner predicts.
"Hyperautomation has shifted from an option to a condition of survival," says Gartner research vice president Fabrizio Biscotti.
"Organisations will require more IT and business process automation as they are forced to accelerate digital transformation plans in a post-COVID-19, digital-first world."
Gartner's research also found that the increase in the drive towards hyperautomation will lead organisations to adopt at least three of the tools mentioned above to promote and enable an automation-centric approach.
The fastest-growing category of hyperautomation-enabling software includes tools that provide visibility to map business activities, automate and manage content ingestion, orchestrate work across multiple systems, and provide complex rule engines.
"Organisations are transitioning from a loosely coupled set of automation technologies to a more-connected automation strategy," said Cathy Tornbohm, distinguished research vice president at Gartner. "In response, vendors are developing integrated offerings that combines technologies like RPA, LCAP and business process management into one, packaged tool."
Also in high demand will be tools to automate content ingestion, such as signature verification tools, optical character recognition, document ingestion, conversational AI and natural language technology (NLT).
Gartner also predicts that by 2024, organisations will lower operational costs by 30% by combining hyperautomation technologies with redesigned operational processes.
"The shift towards hyperautomation will be a key factor enabling enterprises to achieve operational excellence, and subsequently cost savings, in a digital-first world," says Tornbohm.
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Telstra deploys industry-first Ericsson Private 5G for enterprise
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Why network visibility must be the foundation of Zero Trust architecture
In May 2021, U.S. Presidential Executive Order 14028 on improving the nation's cybersecurity was issued, directing federal agencies to transition to a Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) as they modernise and move to cloud services.>>
Why AI's breakthrough use case for enterprise is to aid API development
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Check Point Research reveals botnets on the rise, software vendors hit hard by cyber attacks>>


text:
Q: Re-implementing WindowManager using ModernUI + Caliburn.Micro combination Here Caliburn.Micro was successfully combined with ModernUI.
But if we want to use multiple windows we also need to re-implement Caliburn's WindowManager to work properly with ModernUI. How can it be done?
UPDATE:
(Additional question about IoC-Container/Dependency Injection)
Ok, as I get it: I used a Constructor Injection here:
public class BuildingsViewModel : Conductor<IScreen>

{
    public BuildingsViewModel(IWindowManager _windowManager)
    {
        windowManager = _windowManager;
    }
}

As far as BuildingsViewModel resolved from IoC container,
container itself injected ModernWindowManager implementation of IWindowManager interface because of this line in Bootstrapper's Configure() method:
container.Singleton<IWindowManager, ModernWindowManager>();

If I resolving an object instance from container, it injects all needed dependencies. Like a tree.
1) So now I wonder how can I replace this line using an injection(with interface)?
 _windowManager.ShowWindow(new PopupViewModel());
2) If I want my whole project match DI pattern, all objects instances must be injected into ModernWindowViewModel, that resolves from container first?
3) Is it okay to use Caliburn's SimpleContainer for whole project, or better use mature framework like Castle Windsor? Should I avoid mixing?
UPDATE2:
4) Integrating an IoC container into an existing application requires creating this container first(in Main() method of console app for example), and then all object instanses must grow from it with injected dependencies?

A: Simply create your own derived WindowManager and override EnsureWindow:
public class ModernWindowManager : WindowManager
{
    protected override Window EnsureWindow(object rootModel, object view, bool isDialog)
    {
        var window = view as ModernWindow;

        if (window == null)
        {
            window = new ModernWindow();
            window.SetValue(View.IsGeneratedProperty, true);
        }

        return window;
    }
}

Any views that you want to use as popups must be based on ModernWindow and must either use a LinkGroupCollection or you must set the ContentSource property of the window, otherwise there will be no content.
You could possibly make this View-First but it works ViewModel-First using the method above.
e.g. to popup my PopupView I did the following
PopupView.xaml
<mui:ModernWindow x:Class="TestModernUI.ViewModels.PopupView"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
             xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
             xmlns:mui="http://firstfloorsoftware.com/ModernUI"
             mc:Ignorable="d"
             d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="300" ContentSource="/ViewModels/ChildView.xaml">
 </mui:ModernWindow>

PopupViewModel.cs
public class PopupViewModel : Screen
{
    // Blah
}

Code to popup the view from another ViewModel:
public void SomeMethod()
{
    _windowManager.ShowWindow(new PopupViewModel()); // Or use injection etc
}

Don't forget to register ModernWindowManager in place of WindowManager in your container!
e.g. using CM's SimpleContainer
container.Singleton<IWindowManager, ModernWindowManager>();

Obviously the only downside I can see to the above is that you can't seem to put content directly in a ModernWindow, so you have to have two UserControls for every popup!
A workaround would be to change EnsureWindow in ModernWindowManager so that it created a UserControl based on ModernWindow and set the ContentSource to the URI of the view you want to load, this will trigger the content loader and wire up your ViewModel. I'll update if I get a minute to try it.
Update:
Ok, so at the moment it's very hacky, but this could be a starting point for something useful. Basically I'm generating a URI based on the namespace and name of the view.
I'm sure there is a more reliable way of doing this, but for my test project it works:
protected override Window EnsureWindow(object rootModel, object view, bool isDialog)
{
    var window = view as ModernWindow;

    if (window == null)
    {
        window = new ModernWindow();

        // Get the namespace of the view control
        var t = view.GetType();

        var ns = t.Namespace;

        // Subtract the project namespace from the start of the full namespace
        ns = ns.Remove(0, 12);

        // Replace the dots with slashes and add the view name and .xaml
        ns = ns.Replace(".", "/") + "/" + t.Name + ".xaml";

        // Set the content source to the Uri you've made
        window.ContentSource = new Uri(ns, UriKind.Relative);
        window.SetValue(View.IsGeneratedProperty, true);
    }

    return window;
}

My full namespace for my view was TestModernUI.ViewModels.PopupView and the URI generated was /ViewModels/PopupView.xaml which then was loaded and bound via the content loader automagically.
Update 2
FYI here is my Bootstrapper configure method:
protected override void Configure()
{
    container = new SimpleContainer();

    container.Singleton<IWindowManager, ModernWindowManager>();
    container.Singleton<IEventAggregator, EventAggregator>();
    container.PerRequest<ChildViewModel>();
    container.PerRequest<ModernWindowViewModel>();
    container.PerRequest<IShell, ModernWindowViewModel>();
}

Here I create the container, and register some types.
The CM services such as WindowManager and EventAggregator are both registered against their respective interfaces and as singletons so only 1 instance of each will be available at run time.
The view models are registered as PerRequest which creates a new instance every time you request one from the container - this way you can have the same window popup multiple times without strange behaviour!
These dependencies are injected into the constructor of any objects resolved at run time.
Update 3
In answer to your IoC questions:
1) So now I wonder how can I replace this line using an injection(with interface)? _windowManager.ShowWindow(new PopupViewModel());
Since your viewmodels will now usually need dependencies you need to have some way of injecting them into the instances. If PopupViewModel had several dependencies, you could inject them into the parent class but this would couple the parent viewmodel to PopupViewModel in some way.
There are a couple of other methods you can use to get an instance of PopupViewModel.
Inject it!
If you register PopupViewModel as PerRequest you will get a new instance of it every time you request it. If you only need one popup instance in your viewmodel you can just inject it:
public class MyViewModel
{
    private PopupViewModel _popup;
    private IWindowManager _windowManager;

    public MyViewModel(PopupViewModel popup, IWindowManager windowManager)
    {
        _popup = popup;
        _windowManager = windowManager;
    }

    public void ShowPopup()
    {
        _windowManager.ShowPopup(_popup);
    }
}

The only downside is that the instance will be the same one if you need to use it multiple times in the same viewmodel, though you could inject multiple instances of PopupViewModel if you knew how many you needed at the same time
Use some form of on-demand injection
For dependencies which are required later on you can use on-demand injection such as a factory
I don't think Caliburn or SimpleContainer support factories out of the box, so the alternative is to use IoC.Get<T>. IoC is a static class which lets you access your DI container after instantiation
 public void ShowPopup()
 {
     var popup = IoC.Get<PopupViewModel>();
     _windowManager.ShowWindow(popup);
 }

You need to make sure you have correctly registered the container in your bootstrapper and delegated any calls to CM's IoC methods to the container - IoC.Get<T> calls the bootstrapper's GetInstance and other methods:
Here's an example:
public class AppBootstrapper : BootstrapperBase {
    SimpleContainer container;

    public AppBootstrapper() {
        Initialize();
    }

    protected override void Configure() {
        container = new SimpleContainer();

        container.Singleton<IWindowManager, ModernWindowManager>();
        container.Singleton<IEventAggregator, EventAggregator>();
        container.PerRequest<IShell, ModernWindowViewModel>();

        // Register viewmodels etc here....
    }

    // IoC.Get<T> or IoC.GetInstance(Type type, string key) ....
    protected override object GetInstance(Type service, string key) {
        var instance = container.GetInstance(service, key);
        if (instance != null)
            return instance;

        throw new InvalidOperationException("Could not locate any instances.");
    }

    // IoC.GetAll<T> or IoC.GetAllInstances(Type type) ....
    protected override IEnumerable<object> GetAllInstances(Type service) {
        return container.GetAllInstances(service);
    }

    // IoC.BuildUp(object obj) ....
    protected override void BuildUp(object instance) {
        container.BuildUp(instance);
    }

    protected override void OnStartup(object sender, System.Windows.StartupEventArgs e) {
        DisplayRootViewFor<IShell>();
    }

Castle.Windsor supports factories so that you can Resolve and Release your components and manage their lifetime more explicitly, but I won't go into that here
2) If I want my whole project match DI pattern, all objects instances must be injected into ModernWindowViewModel, that resolves from container first?
You only need to inject the dependencies that the ModernWindowViewModel needs. Anything that is required by children is automatically resolved and injected e.g.:
public class ParentViewModel
{
    private ChildViewModel _child;

    public ParentViewModel(ChildViewModel child)
    {
        _child = child;
    }
}

public class ChildViewModel
{
    private IWindowManager _windowManager;
    private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator;

    public ChildViewModel(IWindowManager windowManager, IEventAggregator eventAggregator)
    {
        _windowManager = windowManager;
        _eventAggregator = eventAggregator;
    }
}

In the above situation, if you resolve ParentViewModel from the container - the ChildViewModel will get all it's dependencies. You don't need to inject them into the parent.
3) Is it okay to use Caliburn's SimpleContainer for whole project, or better use mature framework like Castle Windsor? Should I avoid mixing?
You can mix, but it might be confusing as they won't work with each other (one container won't know about the other). Just stick with one container, and SimpleContainer is fine - Castle Windsor has a lot more features, but you might never need them (I've only used a few of the advanced features)
4) Integrating an IoC container into an existing application requires creating this container first(in Main() method of console app for example), and then all object instanses must grow from it with injected dependencies?
Yes, you create the container, then you resolve the root component (in 99.9% of applications there is one main component which is called the composition root), and this then builds the full tree.
Here is an example of a bootstrapper for a service based application. I'm using Castle Windsor and I wanted to be able to host the engine in a Windows service or in a WPF application or even in a Console Window (for testing/debug):
// The bootstrapper sets up the container/engine etc
public class Bootstrapper
{
    // Castle Windsor Container
    private readonly IWindsorContainer _container;

    // Service for writing to logs
    private readonly ILogService _logService;

    // Bootstrap the service
    public Bootstrapper()
    {
        _container = new WindsorContainer();

        // Some Castle Windsor features:

        // Add a subresolver for collections, we want all queues to be resolved generically
        _container.Kernel.Resolver.AddSubResolver(new CollectionResolver(_container.Kernel));

        // Add the typed factory facility and wcf facility
        _container.AddFacility<TypedFactoryFacility>();
        _container.AddFacility<WcfFacility>();

        // Winsor uses Installers for registering components
        // Install the core dependencies
        _container.Install(FromAssembly.This());

        // Windsor supports plugins by looking in directories for assemblies which is a nice feature - I use that here:
        // Install any plugins from the plugins directory
        _container.Install(FromAssembly.InDirectory(new AssemblyFilter("plugins", "*.dll")));

        _logService = _container.Resolve<ILogService>();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the engine instance after initialisation or returns null if initialisation failed
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The active engine instance</returns>
    public IIntegrationEngine GetEngine()
    {
        try
        {
            return _container.Resolve<IIntegrationEngine>();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            _logService.Fatal(new Exception("The engine failed to initialise", ex));
        }

        return null;
    }

    // Get an instance of the container (for debugging)
    public IWindsorContainer GetContainer()
    {
        return _container;
    }
}

Once the bootstrapper is created, it sets up the container and registers all services and also plugin dlls. The call to GetEngine starts the application by resolving Engine from the container which creates the full dependency tree.
I did this so that it allows me to create a service or a console version of the application like this:
Service Code:
public partial class IntegrationService : ServiceBase
{
    private readonly Bootstrapper _bootstrapper;

    private IIntegrationEngine _engine;

    public IntegrationService()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        _bootstrapper = new Bootstrapper();
    }

    protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
    {
        // Resolve the engine which resolves all dependencies
        _engine = _bootstrapper.GetEngine();

        if (_engine == null)
            Stop();
        else
            _engine.Start();
    }

    protected override void OnStop()
    {
        if (_engine != null)
            _engine.Stop();
    }
}

Console App:
public class ConsoleAppExample
{
    private readonly Bootstrapper _bootstrapper;

    private IIntegrationEngine _engine;

    public ConsoleAppExample()
    {
        _bootstrapper = new Bootstrapper();

        // Resolve the engine which resolves all dependencies
        _engine = _bootstrapper.GetEngine();
        _engine.Start();
    }
}

Here's part of the implementation of IIntegrationEngine
public class IntegrationEngine : IIntegrationEngine
{
    private readonly IScheduler _scheduler;
    private readonly ICommsService _commsService;
    private readonly IEngineStateService _engineState;
    private readonly IEnumerable<IEngineComponent> _components;
    private readonly ConfigurationManager _configurationManager;
    private readonly ILogService _logService;

    public IntegrationEngine(ICommsService commsService, IEngineStateService engineState, IEnumerable<IEngineComponent> components,
        ConfigurationManager configurationManager, ILogService logService)
    {
        _commsService = commsService;
        _engineState = engineState;
        _components = components;
        _configurationManager = configurationManager;
        _logService = logService;

        // The comms service needs to be running all the time, so start that up
        commsService.Start();
    }

All of the other components have dependencies, but I don't inject those into the IntegrationEngine - they are handled by the container


According to an engineering professor, we need to STOP walking on escalators when we're in a hurry, because it really just slows everything down. The most efficient way for everyone to ride escalators is two people, side-by-side. What do Dave and Katie say?


I´ve uploaded my entry for the Signalnoise Retro Poster Competition. I am a big fan of James White and I am happy about the contest. Topic of the contest as the name suggests, is »Retro«. This is a big part of my personal style, so creating this Poster was a big fun.
There are really great entries in the Contest Group. So check it out.


text:
Q: How to switch the 'current' directory of a TOpenDialog in an OnTypeChange handler? (is it possible at all?) Depending on the chosen filter, I'd like the OpenDialog to 'look' in different directries.
Something like:
procedure TForm1.FileOpen1OpenDialogTypeChange(Sender: TObject);
// This does not work as intended...
var
  Dialog: TOpenDialog;
  FilterIndex: Integer;
  FilterExt: string;
  Path: string;
begin { TForm1.actFileOpenOpenDialogTypeChange }
  Dialog := Sender as TOpenDialog;
  FilterIndex := Dialog.FilterIndex;
  FilterExt := ExtFromFilter(Dialog.Filter, FilterIndex);
  GetIniPathForExtension(FilterExt, Path);
  if DirectoryExists(Path) and
     (Path <> IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(Dialog.InitialDir)) then
  begin
    // those two statements don't have the desired effect
    // but illustrate what is meant to happen:
    Dialog.FileName := Path + '*' + FilterExt;
    Dialog.InitialDir := Path;
  end;
end;  { TForm1.actFileOpenOpenDialogTypeChange }

I can't find any way to let the dialog update itself to the new directory.
I've tried calling OpenDialog.Execute, but that starts another OpenDialog without closing the current one...

A: Some time ago I have looked after exactly that sort of thing, but couldn't find a solution either. Nowadays I'm glad not to implement it anyway for the following reason:
Imagine a user executes the open dialog. He knows where to find the required file and navigates to that folder. Now he can't see the file and realizes that the filter is set wrong. He changes the filter and naturally expects the folder to stay the same.
Try and make some observations: in most of the cases a user first selects the folder and after that the file type.

A: One possibility:
var
  ShowAfterClose: boolean = false;
  MemFilterIndex: integer;

procedure TForm1.Import1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
//...
  with OpenDialogImport do
  repeat
    if Execute then
    begin
      ReadImportedFile(FileName);                     //Do action
      exit;
    end else begin
      if not ShowAfterClose then                     //Check ShowAfterClose
        exit;
      ShowAfterClose := false;                       //Set ShowAfterClose false
      FilterIndex := MemFilterIndex;                 //Copy MemFilterIndex
    end;
  until false;
//...
end;

procedure TForm1.OpenDialogImportTypeChange(Sender: TObject);
begin
 PostMessage(TOpenDialog(Sender).handle,
   WM_KEYDOWN, VK_ESCAPE , 0);                        //Cancel dialog
 TOpenDialog(Sender).InitialDir := 'C:\';             //Set new directory
 MemFilterIndex := TOpenDialog(Sender).FilterIndex;   //Remember filter index
 ShowAfterClose := True;                              //ShowAfterClose = True
end;

A: I'll agree with everyone else to date... it's VERY BAD user interface design to change things without asking the user, and/or against the user's wishes.

A: While the below is not exactly elegant, tested with 2K, XP, Vista and 7, it seems to work. The idea is to use the dialog's behavior that, when a valid directory is entered into the file name box, if 'Open' button is pressed, the dialog switches to that folder.
It does not work with 'Vista style' dialogs, I don't have any acquaintance with the Common Item Dialog. So the UseLatestCommonDialogs must be set to false before showing a dialog. Also note that the OnTypeChange event is not fired when the dialog is initially launched, one can set the FilterIndex and InitialDir before showing the dialog.
type
  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    Button1: TButton;
    OpenDialog1: TOpenDialog;
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
    procedure OpenDialog1TypeChange(Sender: TObject);
    procedure OpenDialog1FolderChange(Sender: TObject);
  private
    FDlgCleanUp: Boolean;
    FDlgFocusCtrl: HWnd;
    FSaveDlgFName: array [0..255] of Char;
  public
  end;

[...]

uses
  CommDlg, Dlgs;

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if OpenDialog1.Execute then
    ShowMessage(OpenDialog1.FileName);
end;

type
  TFileExt = (feText = 1, feRichText, feDocument);

const
  FileExts: array [TFileExt] of string = ('txt', 'rtf', 'doc');
  FileExtDesc: array [TFileExt] of string =
      ('text (*.txt)', 'rich text (*.rtf)', 'document (*.doc)');

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
var
  fe: TFileExt;
begin
  OpenDialog1.Options := OpenDialog1.Options - [ofOldStyleDialog];
  NewStyleControls := True;
  UseLatestCommonDialogs := False;

  OpenDialog1.Filter := '';
  for fe := Low(FileExts) to High(FileExts) do
    OpenDialog1.Filter := OpenDialog1.Filter +
        FileExtDesc[fe] + '|*.' + FileExts[fe] + '|';
end;

function GetIniPathForExtension(const Ext: string): string;
begin
  // Get corresponding path from an ini file....
  Result := ExtractFilePath(Application.ExeName) + Ext;
end;

procedure TForm1.OpenDialog1TypeChange(Sender: TObject);
var
  Dialog: TOpenDialog;
  Dlg: HWnd;
  Path: string;
begin
  Dialog := Sender as TOpenDialog;
  Dlg := GetParent(Dialog.Handle);
  Path := GetIniPathForExtension(FileExts[TFileExt(Dialog.FilterIndex)]);
  ForceDirectories(Path);

  // remember what's in file name, have to put it back later
  GetDlgItemText(Dlg, cmb13, @FSaveDlgFName, 256);
  SendMessage(GetDlgItem(Dlg, cmb13), WM_SETREDRAW, 0, 0); // reduce flicker
  FDlgFocusCtrl := GetFocus;

  // set file name to new folder
  SendMessage(Dlg, CDM_SETCONTROLTEXT, cmb13, Longint(PChar(Path)));

  // weird OS: windows - the below is only necessary for XP. 2K, Vista and 7
  // clicks fine without it, XP does not!
  windows.SetFocus(GetDlgItem(Dlg, IDOK));

  // do not cleanup here, with Vista and 7 folder change seems to happen
  // asynchronously - it might occur later than setting the file name and that
  // clears/reverts the edit box.
  FDlgCleanUp := True;

  // click 'Open' to change to folder
  SendMessage(GetDlgItem(Dlg, IDOK), BM_CLICK, IDOK, 0);
end;

procedure TForm1.OpenDialog1FolderChange(Sender: TObject);
var
  Dlg: HWnd;
begin
  // set the file name and focus back
  if FDlgCleanup then begin   // do not intervene if we didn't cause the change
    Dlg := GetParent((Sender as TOpenDialog).Handle);
    SendMessage(GetDlgItem(Dlg, cmb13), WM_SETREDRAW, 1, 0);
    SetDlgItemText(Dlg, cmb13, @FSaveDlgFName);
    windows.SetFocus(FDlgFocusCtrl);
  end;
  FDlgCleanup := False;
end;