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Thomas Francis Browne (17 February 1865–2 January 1907), known by his stage name Tom Browne, King of Whistlers, was a music-hall and vaudeville performer who was noted for his ability to whistle two notes simultaneously.

Early life
Tom Browne was born 17 February 1865 in Adams, Massachusetts, one of eight children. The family moved to Holyoke, Massachusetts, where Browne's father worked as a paper manufacturer. Browne studied accounting and worked as bookkeeper of the Holyoke Furniture Company for 10 years before his professional career  in 1891.

Career
Browne's professional career began when he joined the cast of the Byrne Brothers' Eight Bells which toured the U.S. for the 1891–1892 season. He then performed his whistling specialty in Charles H. Hoyt's A Trip to Chinatown on Broadway for the 1892–1893 season.  In 1893–1894, he whistled in the music halls of London and Paris.

Florenz Ziegfeld hired Browne to tour with the Eugen Sandow company on a U.S. tour for the 1894–1895 season. After that, he returned to Europe for a two-year tour (1896–1898), playing in variety theaters in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Holland, France and England.

After a U.S. tour with Charles Hoyt's A Parlor Match (1898–1899 season),  Browne toured Australia and New Zealand for a year (1899–1900 season).   For the remainder of his career, Browne played primarily on the U.S. vaudeville circuit. He was engaged at the Doric Theater in Yonkers, New York, in December 1906, when he fell ill and died of tuberculosis a month later on 2 January 1907 in Yonkers.  He is buried in Calvary Cemetery in Holyoke, Massachusetts.

References

1865 births
1907 deaths
Music hall performers
Vaudeville performers
People from Adams, Massachusetts
Whistlers
Musicians from Massachusetts
People from Holyoke, Massachusetts

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Dearborn, MI – A recent episode of CBS' 60 Minutes explained how advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques can reveal traumatic brain injury among veterans. Those same techniques are available at the Center for Neurological Studies in Dearborn.
"Veterans, people who've been in car accidents, people who've fallen and hit their heads, a number of individuals are at risk for concussion and lasting brain injury," said Dr. Randall Benson, a behavioral neurologist and medical director at the Center for Neurological Studies (CNS). "When I can actually show them the lasting impact of that accident or fall on their brain using advanced MRI, it's a life changing moment for them. It's as though they can now say, 'See, I told you something was wrong, and there is.'"
The advanced MRI technique explained in the 60 Minutes episode "The Hidden Wound" – and available at CNS – is called susceptibility-weighted imaging or SWI. SWI tracks the flow of particles in the brain, yielding an image of the brain significantly more sensitive than traditional MRI techniques.
The 60 Minutes' episode explored the plight of Major Richards, a veteran who suffered multiple concussions during combat in the Middle East. The symptoms of his brain injury were often mistaken for other disorders, such as post-traumatic stress. CNS Executive Director, John D. Russell, said one of the cruelest aspects of brain injury is that it is a hidden wound – until now.
Russell said CNS is uniquely qualified to objectify mild- to moderate-traumatic brain injury using advanced MRI techniques and the experience of its medical director, Dr. Benson. The Center hosts patients from around the world who have experienced concussion or brain trauma following injury in sports, motor vehicle accidents, and other events. In 2010, Dr. Benson reported before a US House of Representatives Judiciary Committee on his research into concussions in football. It's a concern that continues to this day given the class-action lawsuit filed by upwards of 4,000 former National Football League players have filed against the league.
CNS was founded in 2011 with the objective of advancing scientific research for neurovascular disease. The Center hosts patients from around the world who seek an accurate diagnosis from advanced neuroimaging techniques, especially in cases of mild to moderate traumatic brain injury. For more information on CNS, reach Brent Chartier at (586) 996-3221.
– ### –
NOTE TO EDITORS: CNS staff are available for interview on brain injuries and brain-related diseases. Topics may include concussions in sports, help for caregivers of loved ones suffering brain disease and concussions among combat veterans. Reach CNS at (313)228-0930.
Categories: CNS Press Releases Tags: 60 minutes, benson, brain trauma, car accidents, concussion, concussions, dearborn, dr randall, image of the brain, magnetic resonance imaging, medical director, motor vehicle accidents, mri technique, mri techniques, neurological studies, neurologist, plight, post traumatic stress, traumatic brain injury
Acute And Chronic Changes In Diffusivity Measures After Sports Concussion.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Research article | Open | Open Peer Review | Published: 19 May 2014
Knowledge and beliefs on antimicrobial resistance among physicians and nurses in hospitals in Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Bayeh Abera1,
Mulugeta Kibret2 &
Wondemagegn Mulu1
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health problem both in hospital and community acquired infections. The present study assessed the knowledge and beliefs on AMR among physicians and nurses in 13 hospitals in Amhara region, Ethiopia, which is a low-income country.
A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was applied.
A total of 385 participants (175 physicians and 210 nurses) took part in the study. Sixty five percent of physicians and 98% of nurses replied that they need training on antimicrobial stewardship. Only 48% of physicians and 22.8% of nurses had exposures for local antibiogram data. Overall, 278 (72.2%) of participants were knowledgeable about AMR. Majority of participants agreed or strongly agreed AMR as worldwide and national problem but few considered AMR as problem in their own hospitals. The two most important factors mentioned for AMR development were patients' poor adherence to prescribed antimicrobials (86%) and overuse of antibiotics (80.5%). The most leading local factors identified for AMR development were: self-antibiotic prescription (53.5%), lack of access to local antibiogram data (12.3%) and prescriber poor awareness about AMR (9.2%). Factors perceived for excessive antibiotic prescriptions were: patient drive (56%), treatment failure (79%), unknown febrile illnesses (39.7%) and upper respiratory tract infections (33.4%).
Majority of physicians and nurses lack up to-date knowledge on AMR. Unavailability of local antibiogram data, self-prescription by patients and poor awareness on AMR are areas of interventions for prevention and control of AMR.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing serious worldwide public health problem in both hospital and community acquired infections [1]. Antimicrobial resistant bacteria have negative impact on treatment outcomes such as prolonged morbidity, hospital stay and increased risk of mortality [1, 2]. Furthermore, patients infected with drug resistant bacteria demand more expensive therapy. Therefore, AMR results in increased health care costs and financial burden to families and societies [2, 3]. Antimicrobial resistance problem is challenging in low-income countries because of high prevalence of infection, irrational uses of antimicrobials, over-the-counter availability of antibiotics and lack of clinical microbiology laboratories for antimicrobial susceptibility testing [4].
Development of AMR is accelerated by excessive antimicrobial prescription [5]. More than 50% of antibiotics worldwide are purchased without prescription [6]. The situation is more serious in developing countries because of antibiotic use without medical guidance and inadequate regulation of antibiotics [7]. Determinants for self-antibiotic prescription in low-income countries include over-the-counter sales of antibiotics, high cost of medical consultations and dissatisfaction with medical practitioners [8].
Containment of antimicrobial resistance requires change in the antimicrobial prescribing behavior of health workers. Changes in antimicrobial prescribing patterns will demand changes in physicians' behavior towards the magnitude of AMR problem. Nurses in hospitals play important role in prevention of transmissions of resistant bacteria and promoting awareness on AMR for patients and communities. Thus, information on physicians' and nurses' knowledge and belief on AMR will permit the development of more effective interventions on containment of AMR. Surveys have been conducted to assess physicians' knowledge and beliefs about antimicrobial use and resistance in USA and Europe [9–12]. However, these results are not necessarily applicable to the situation in low-income countries like Ethiopia.
The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and beliefs of physicians and nurses on AMR from 13 selected hospitals from public and private sectors in Amhara National Regional State (ANRS), Ethiopia. To our knowledge, this is the first study undertaken to assess the knowledge and beliefs about antimicrobial resistance among phycians and nurses in Ethiopia. The information generated in this study would be instrumental in planning and implementing preventive and control interventions on AMR at regional and national levels.
Study design, period and setting
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among eligible physicians and nurses working in hospitals in June 2013. Five in private and eight public hospitals were selected using systematic selection method by calculating the sampling interval. At the time of the survey, 235 physicians and 4,902 nurses were rendering services in a total of 26 hospitals (19= public and 7 private) in ANRS [13].
A sample size of 411 was calculated using the Epi info 7.0 soft ware (CDC, Atlanta, USA) considering a total population of 5,137 physicians and nurses. Expected maximum correct answer on the questions about knowledge of AMR (50%) was used. A 95% confidence level and 15% non-response were employed. Medical doctors from psychiatry, radiology, ophthalmology and anaesthesiology were excluded because they do not regularly prescribe antimicrobials. Participants, based on the number of physicians and nurses in each hospitals were selected by simple random sampling using lottery technique. However, in hospitals where the numbers of participants were less than five physicians, all participants were included.
Data collection instruments
Prior to data collection the questions were piloted at local hospital. A total of 34-item-questions were self-administered to survey professional profiles, knowledge and beliefs on antimicrobial resistance.
The seven-item questions were used to address professional profiles such as qualifications, speciality, working hospital departments, service years, sources of information on antimicrobial resistance, training on AMR, exposure of using antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results and working in public and private hospitals.
Participants' knowledge on AMR was surveyed by 13 item-questions. Lists of 7-item-questions addressing factors for development and spread of drug resistance. In addition, one open ended question was included to assess the perception of participants on factors promoting AMR at local and national levels. Three questions were used to assess their knowledge on scope of AMR problem from local to global levels. Two open ended questions were used to assess their knowledge about prevalence of drug resistant bacteria and hospital infections related to drug resistance.
Participants' beliefs on AMR were assessed by 14-item questions. A list of seven questions and one open ended question covering the potential interventions to reduce antimicrobial resistances had been used. Lists of five questions were applied to assess beliefs towards rational use of antibiotics. One open ended question was used to ask participants to mention the least effective antibiotic in their hospital practices.
The response alternatives for knowledge items were dichotomous. The questions on beliefs used Likert-style responses. Data was entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS® 20.0, USA). Chi-square test was used to assess the differences between physicians and nurses on knowledge and beliefs on AMR. P value of <0.05 (two sided) was taken as statistical significance.
Mean score
For knowledge assessment, each correct response was given a score of 1 while a wrong or doubtful response was scored as 0. For both study participants mean knowledge scores < 0.72 were considered as below the expected level of knowledge while average scores ≥0.72 were at the expected level of knowledge. Regarding beliefs, useful and very useful responses were considered as positive beliefs. Scores from 0.15 to 0.88 were interpreted as negative beliefs, and scores ranged from 0.88 to 1 were considered as positive beliefs.
Ethical consideration
Ethical clearance was obtained from the Research and Ethical Review Board of Bahir Dar University. Moreover, all patients gave written informed consent to participate in this study.
Participants' profiles and sources of information on AMR
A total of 385 participants took part in this study; of whom, 37 (9.6%) were senior physicians, 138 (35.8%) general practitioners and 210 (54.5%) nurses (Table 1). The overall response rate of participants was 91.4%. Of these, 175 (87%) physicians and 100% nurses filled the self-administered questionnaires. All study participants from private hospitals completed the questionnaires (response rate 100%). The overall mean service year was 7.2 (SD ± 8.2). The majority of the participants were from public hospitals (Table 1).
Table 1 Profiles of participants in 13 selected hospitals in Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Participants' exposure of using antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) result, training status on AMR and working departments are illustrated in (Table 1). Of the study participants, 13.5% of senior physicians, 29.7% general practitioners and 49.3% of nurses replied that they had no up-to-date information about AMR.
Participants were asked to mention their current sources of information about AMR. Overall, 19.7% respondents got information from relevant books, 3.4% from internet, 2.8% journals and 26.4% from other sources such as college or university courses and trainings. Regarding training need, 65% of physicians and 98% of nurses responded that they need further training on stewardship of antimicrobial resistance.
Knowledge on antimicrobial resistance
The overall mean knowledge score was 0.72 (SD ± 0.44). The mean knowledge score was 0.82 (SD ± 0.37) for physicians and 0.63 (SD ± 0.40) for nurses (p = 0.001). Thus, 278 (72.2%) of participants were at the expected level of knowledge on AMR. Of these, 145 (82.8%) of physicians and 133 (63.5%) of nurses were knowledgeable (p = 0.001). Physicians' and nurses' knowledge about the scope of antimicrobial resistance problem at local, national and global levels are depicted in Table 2.
Table 2 Percentage of physicians and nurses rating the scope of AMR problem
Knowledge on causes and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance
According to the respondents the most important perceived factors contributing for antimicrobial resistance development were: Patients' poor adherence to prescribed antibiotics (86% by respondents), widespread or overuse of antibiotics (80%) and broad spectrum antibiotics use (78.4%). Statistically significant difference was observed between physicians and nurses in rating factors for developing AMR (Table 3).
Table 3 Physicians' and nurses' knowledge about the causes of antibiotic resistances and antibiotic resistant bacteria
Furthermore, assessment of knowledge on local factors for spread of AMR was also augmented by open ended question. The most important local factors identified were: self-antibiotic prescription was responded by 53.5%, lack of access to local antibiograms was responded by 12.3% and prescribers and patients poor awareness on AMR was responded by 9.2%.
Participants were also asked to rate bacterial infections in which drug resistant bacteria would be a problem in hospitals. Pneumonia was rated by 29.3% and 57.6% of physicians and nurses, respectively. Urinary tract infection was rated by 23.1% and 24.7% of physicians and nurses, respectively. Surgical site infection was rated by 19.5% and 20% of physicians and nurses, respectively. The interesting response was that 57.1% of nurses incorrectly perceived tuberculosis as the most prevalent hospital infections in which drug resistance is common but phycians rate tuberculosis by 2.3%.
Participants were asked to identify the most common drug resistant bacteria in hospitals they perceive from local to global levels by open question. Methicillin resistant S.aureus (MRSA) was mentioned by 22.3% and 2.4% of physicians and nurses, respectively. MDR-TB was listed by 40.4% of nurses and 4.1% physicians. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was rated by 5.7% of physicians (Table 3).
Beliefs on potential interventions for antimicrobial resistance
Considering the mean score of beliefs (0.88), 95 (54%) of physicians and 109 (52%) of nurses believed in the suggested potential solutions for preventing AMR. Antimicrobial usage policy and reduction of antimicrobial usage for outpatients were not important by 32.4% and 38% of respondents, respectively (Table 4). Furthermore, the most frequently considered interventions were local access for antimicrobial susceptibility data (31.4%) and providing education on antimicrobial stewardship (17.2%).
Table 4 Physicians' and nurses' beliefs on potential intervention to combat AMR
Beliefs on misuse of antimicrobials
Physicians' and nurses' beliefs towards the pushing factors for frequent prescription of antibiotics were significantly different (Table 5). For both physicians and nurses, the most leading factors were: patients drive on prescribers to prescribe antibiotics, treatment failure and critically ill patients. Unknown febrile illness and upper respiratory infections were identified as important factors for excessive antibiotic prescriptions by 53.7% and 44.7% of respondents, respectively.
Table 5 Physicians' and nurses' belief on causes of unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions
Participants' beliefs towards the least effect antibiotics due to resistant bacteria were: amoxicillin rated by 36.5% of respondents, penicillin and cloxacillin by 22% each, chloramphenicol (16%) and cotrimoxazole (14%). Statistically significant difference was noted between physicians' and nurses' beliefs with regard to effectiveness of amoxicillin and cloxacillin (p = 0.001). Because, 28% of physicians and 8.5% of nurses mentioned amoxicillin as least effective antibiotics (p = 0.001). Cloxacillin was perceived as least effective by 14% of physicians and 8% of nurses (p = 0.01).
Physicians and nurses are key stakeholders in prevention and control of AMR through prescribing antimicrobials wisely, controlling transmission of drug resistant bacteria and promoting awareness. Thus, the present study demonstrated the knowledge and beliefs of physicians and nurses about AMR from 13 selected hospitals in ANRS, Ethiopia.
Statistically significant difference was observed between physicians and nurses in some aspects of knowledge and beliefs on AMR (p = 0.001) (Table 3 and Table 5). Regarding to awareness on the scope of AMR problem, majority of respondents strongly agreed or agreed AMR as global and national public health problems. However, few participates recognized AMR as a problem in their won hospital. These findings are consistent with a study conducted in Sudan [14], India [15] and DR Congo [16]. In contrast, previous studies from Spain, Brazil and Peru showed that more than 90% of physicians perceived AMR as a global and national problem [17–19].
The majority of physicians and nurses did not mention the existence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. For instance, only 22.3% of physicians and 2.4% of nurses had information regards to MRSA. These are lower than physicians' knowledge of MRSA documented from India [15]. Although, MDR-TB is not a hospital pathogen, 40.4% of nurses mentioned it as one of the most prevalent drug resistant bacteria in hospitals. These knowledge gaps on local antibiotic resistant bacteria would be attributable to unavailability or lack of bacteriological culture and susceptibility testing in most hospitals [12]. Furthermore, only 9.3% of respondents have had training on antimicrobial stewardship education.
There was statistically significant difference between physicians and nurses with regard to the causes on development and spread of AMR (Table 3). The three leading causes of AMR were: patients' poor adherence to prescribed antibiotics, over use of antibiotics and frequent prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Likewise, a study conducted in Scotland, France and Spain stated that too many antibiotic prescriptions, too many broad-spectrum antibiotics and inappropriate duration of antibiotic treatments were the leading factors [19, 20]. Poor hand washing was not well recognized in this study as contributing factors to AMR in hospital settings similar to other studies [19, 20]. Therefore, emphasis on proper hand washing and infection control measures must be implemented.
This study revealed that the most important local factors for spread and development of AMR were self-antibiotic prescription and patient poor adherence to prescribed antimicrobial agents. Moreover, lack of access to antibiotic susceptibility testing and prescribers' poor awareness on AMR were mentioned as local factors. Some other studies also supported this specified findings [6, 7, 14, 16].
Regarding potential interventions to combat AMR, majority of participants believed in the most the favourite measures were: establishing national AMR surveillance program, avail clinical microbiology laboratory and local guidelines for rational use of antibiotics (Table 4). However, only 66.6% and 77.4% of respondents favoured antibiotic restriction policy and reduction of antibiotic use for outpatients, respectively. This finding is in agreement with a previous report on beliefs of physicians from USA [11]. Establishing local antimicrobial susceptibility tests and providing education on antimicrobials stewardship for health professional were identified as the most important interventions [14, 19].
Physicians' and nurses' beliefs towards the pushing factors for frequent prescription of antibiotics were significantly different (p = 0.001). Treatment failure and critically ill patients were the most driving factors. Patients push to antibiotics was also mentioned by 56.7% of respondents [16]. More than half of physicians believed that unknown febrile illness was one of first factors for excessive antibiotic prescriptions.
According to the respondents, amoxicillin, penicillin and cloxacillin were perceived as the least effective antibiotics related to drug resistant bacteria. This perception could be considered as positive towards the recognition of drug resistance. Because, previous studies in the same region showed that bacterial isolates from clinical samples revealed high levels of resistance against these antimicrobials [21–23]. Furthermore, studies revealed that amoxicillin and cloxacilin are the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in different part of Ethiopia [24, 25].
The major strength of this survey was large sample size and inclusion of 13 selected hospitals from public and private sectors. However, this study could not analyze the knowledge and belief differences among participants working in private and public hospitals because 32.4% of senior physicians and 10% general practitioners were working both in public and private-owned hospitals. Furthermore, participants' prescribing practices and knowledge on the exact prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria was not assessed because there was no national antimicrobial surveillance program. As general limitation of knowledge and belief survey, study participants may have tendency to provide socially desirable responses.
This study revealed important information on knowledge and beliefs of physicians and nurses about AMR that would be implemented in a low-income country like, Ethiopia. In this survey, physicians and nurses working in hospitals had information gap on antimicrobial resistance. According to participants' response, unavailability of local antibiogram data linked with self- drug prescription by patients and poor awareness on AMR are an issue.
World Health Organization: Combat drug resistance. 2011, WHO, 1-2.http://www.who.int/world-health-day/2011/en/,
Coast J, Smith R, Miller M: Superbugs: should antimicrobial resistance be included as a cost in economic evaluation?. Health Economics. 1996, 5: 217-226. 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1050(199605)5:3<217::AID-HEC200>3.0.CO;2-S.
Qavi A, Segal-Maurer S, Mariano N, Urban C, Rosenberg C, Burns J, Chiang T, Maurer J, Rahal JJ: Increased mortality associated with a clonal outbreak of ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: a case–control study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2005, 26: 63-68. 10.1086/502488.
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Cars O, Nordberg P: Antibiotic resistance -The faceless threat. Int J Risk Saf Med. 2005, 17: 103-110.
Byarugaba DK: A view on antimicrobial resistance in developing countries and responsible risk factors. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2004, 24: 105-110. 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.02.015. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.02.015 PMID:15288307
Grigoryan L, Burgerhof JGM, Degener JE, Deschepper R, Lundborg CS, Monnet DL, Scicluna EA, Birkin J, Haaijer-Ruskamp FM: Self-Medication with Antibiotics and Resistance (SAR) Consortium. Determinants of self-medication with antibiotics in Europe: the impact of beliefs, country wealth and the healthcare system. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008, 61: 1172-1179. 10.1093/jac/dkn054.
Abbo L, Sinkowitz-Cochran R, Smith L, Ariza-Heredia E, Gómez-Marín O, Srinivasan A, Hooton TM: Faculty and resident physicians' attitudes, perceptions and knowledge about antimicrobial use and resistance. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2011, 32: 714-728. 10.1086/660761.
Srinivasan A, Song X, Richard A, Sinkowitz-Cochran R, Cardo D, Rand C: A survey of knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of house staff physicians from various specialties concerning antimicrobial use and resistance. Arch Intern Med. 2004, 164: 1451-1456. 10.1001/archinte.164.13.1451.
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Pulcini C, Williams F, Molinari N, Davey P, Nathwani D: Junior doctors' knowledge and perceptions of antibiotic resistance and prescribing: a survey in France and Scotland. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011, 17: 80-87. 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03179.x.
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Kheder SI: Physcians knowledge and perception of antimicrobial resistance: A survey in Khartoum Stata Hospital settings. Br J Pharmaceut Res. 2013, 3: 347-362.
Qavi A, Segal-Maurer S, Mariano N, Urban C, Rosenberg C, Burns J, Chiang T, Maurer J, Rahal JJ: A survey of physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic prescribing practices at the University Hospital of the West Indies. West Indian Med J. 2010, 59: 165-170.
Thriemer K, Katuala Y, Batoko B, Alworonga JP, Devlier H, VanGeet C, Ngbonda D, Jacobs J: Antibiotic Prescribing in DR Congo: A Knowledge. Attitude and Practice Survey among Medical Doctors and Students. PLoS One. 2013, 8: e55495-10.1371/journal.pone.0055495. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055495
Guerra CM, Pereira CA, Neves Neto AR, Cardo DM, Correa L: Physicians' perceptions, beliefs, attitudes and knowledge concerning antimicrobial resistance in a Brazilian teaching hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007, 28: 1411-1414. 10.1086/523278.
Garcia C, Llamocca LP, Garcia K, Jimenez A, Samalvides F, Gotuzzo E, Jocob J: Knowledge, attitudes and practice survey about antimicrobial resistance and prescribing among physicians in a hospital setting in Lima, Peru. BMC Clin Phar-macol. 2011, 11: 18-10.1186/1472-6904-11-18.
San Francisco CN, Toro MD, Cobo J, de Ge-Garcia J, Vano-Galvan S, Moreno-Ramos F, Rodriguez ban J, Pano-parodo JR: Knowledge and perceptions of junior and senior Spanish resident doctors about antibiotic use and resistance: Results of a multicenter survey. Enferm infecc Microbiol Clin. 2013, 31: 199-204. 10.1016/j.eimc.2012.05.016.
Pulcini C, William F, Molinar N, Davey P, Nathwani D: Junior doctors' knowledge and perceptions of antibiotic resistance and prescribing: a survey in France and Scotland. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010, 17: 80-87.
Kibret M, Abera B: Antimicrobial resistance trend of bacteria from clinical isolates: An 8-year retrospective study at Dessie Regional Laboratory, Northeast Ethiopia. Ethiop Pharm J. 2010, 28: 39-46.
Abera B, Biadglegne F: Antimicrobial Resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus spp. from otitis media at Bahir Dar Regional Laboratory North West Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J. 2009, 47: 271-276.
Abera B, Alem A, Bezabih B: Methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococus from clinical isolates at Felege Hiwot Refferal Hospital, North West Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J. 2008, 46: 149-154.
Assefa AD: Assessment of drug use pattern using WHO prescribing indicators at Hawassa University teaching and referral hospital, south Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013, 13: 170-10.1186/1472-6963-13-170.
Getachew E, Aragaw S, Adissie W, Agalu A: Antibiotic prescribing pattern in refreal hospital in Ethiopia. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2013, 7: 2657-2661. 10.5897/AJPP12.505.
This study was funded by the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University. We would like to thank the study participants for providing responses.
Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Bayeh Abera
& Wondemagegn Mulu
Department of Biology, Science College, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Mulugeta Kibret
Search for Bayeh Abera in:
Search for Mulugeta Kibret in:
Search for Wondemagegn Mulu in:
Correspondence to Bayeh Abera.
AB designed the study, collected data, analyzed data and wrote the article. KM, reviewed the study plan, questionnaires and the article. MW analyzed data and reviewed the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.


Please read carefully, and you'll have no problems. Most people drive straight past our entrance and have to turn back!
Take the A286 signposted to the Witterings and Bracklesham from the Chichester by-pass (A27).
Continue on the A286 for about 3 miles, when you will come onto a long straight stretch of road.
After you have passed the 40 mph limit signs, travel a further 300m and you will see a large house sign saying 'St Christopher's' on the left. There is a traffic island in the middle of the road at this point.
Greenlines Nursery is the SECOND entrance on the left just after St Christopher's. It is signed 'Greenlines Nursery' beside the large black metal entrance gates.


The EVS is in frame of project 4.6 – we can finance only 50% of the travel costs. Food and accommodation is provided.
Europejskie Forum Młodzieży (EFM) has been involved in European Voluntary Service since 2001. Ever since that time we have been cooperating with the YOUTH and Youth in Action Programme, sending people on short- and long-term projects throughout Europe. Since 2002 we have hosted and coordinated long-term projects, have been working with three schools in Kłodzko. One year later we started coordinating short-term projects, for which we work with the local municipality as well as with the Social Help Centre. We furthermore act as a hosting organisation ourselves. Our experience concerning EVS is given consequently.
Bystrzyca Kłodzka is a small city located near Kłodzko Valley. The city has a population of around 15,000 inhabitants, all of Polish nationality. There is small minority of gypsy people leaving in the city, a group that sometimes finds it difficult to integrate. The town has a significant touristic potential and its economy and future development is depending on the promotion of its attractions. Ziemia Kłodzka is a region in the south-western part of Poland, within Lower Silesia, located in the Sudety Mountains.
There is a lack of youth facilities, resulting in limited options for young people in how to spend their leisure time. This lack of creativity increases the need for more cultural and sports activities. There are many groups of young people in Bystrzyca Kłodzka and European Youth Clubs in the region, containing people with interests in theatre, music, dancing, and sports. However it is critical that they have adequate support and options to further development of their interests.
1) Offering non formal education opportunities in form of language conversations or discussions on actual themes for local people. Education of this sort provides an attractive alternative for youngsters to the rather formal school education, an opportunity to test out their acquired language skills in authentic conversations and to realize the importance of foreign language knowledge. For adults, these conversations will provide an opportunity to reactivate and improve long forgotten language skills and regain confidence in using them. Also, for the volunteer this will be an opportunity to practice his/her training skills. When it comes to offering language conversation in his/her mother tongue, this activity helps the volunteer reflect on the structure of its own language and see how foreigners react to it.
3) DPS (house for old people) is another activity we support. There the volunteers can play bingo and other group games with the people hosted, can accompany them for a walk or help the staff in providing them with food. Other activities in the house can be: working together in the garden, assisting in therapy sessions.
4) Helping in the office with the sending of Polish young people to be volunteers through EVS, or with the writing of emails, making of phone calls or translation of texts which use the volunteer's language skills. Usually the volunteers participate in meetings with candidates for EVS in order to share their experience, to give advices, to promote their project. Volunteers are not required to work in the office but if they enjoy helping with these tasks or they require this experience they are welcome to help us in this way.
5) Organizing events that aim at promoting cultural awareness and tolerance among the locals: European information campaigns, multicultural evenings, food festivals, etc.
The volunteers hosted in the project will chose to participate in different activities according to their skills and options. Therefore, the project is very flexible and the volunteer can combine three or four of the activities mentioned. This is also an opportunity for our volunteers to learn how to manage their own schedule according to the activities they chose.
If you are interested to take part in our project just fill the application from attachment and send to our e-mail address adam@efm.org.pl or evs@efm.org.pl till 25th of March.


Four locals were apprehended on warrants for distribution of crack cocaine while two other suspects are still being sought. Those arrested included Errol "Hogg" Levi, 46, of South Broadway Street; Melvin "Tookie" Gant, 33, of Wilbert D. Rochelle Avenue; Claude McDowell Jr., 33, of McKinley Street; and Deandre Soulaire, 26, of Joe Louis Street.
The two other suspects, Casey Carter, 21, of Dugas Road, and Davonn Warren, 27, of Wilbert D. Rochelle Avenue, are still at large and being sought on charges of distribution of crack cocaine. Any person with information on the suspects' whereabouts isasked to call the JPD's anonymous tips line at 337-275-9002.


text:
El gran teatro (Spanish: "The Great Theatre" or "The Grand Theatre") is a 1979 novel by Argentine writer Manuel Mujica Lainez, part of his Buenos Aires series.

The whole action of the novel takes place during a performance of Wagner's Parsifal at Buenos Aires' famous opera house, the Teatro Colón.

The Colón is, emblematically and par excellence, The Great Theatre, a giant and impossibly splendiferous jewellery box built, in an improbable bygone age, for a glitteringly self-assured class of leaders (or, alternatively, disgusting show-offs) to show itself off.

1979 Argentine novels
Novels by Manuel Mujica Lainez
Novels set in Buenos Aires


text:
Q: How to make emcc work? When I tried to use emcc to compile a C code into Javascript, I received the following error:
emcc tests/hello_world.c
CRITICAL root: fastcomp in use, but LLVM has not been built with the JavaScript backend as a target, llc reports:
===========================================================================
LLVM (http://llvm.org/):
  LLVM version 3.5.1
  Optimized build with assertions.
  Built Feb 22 2015 (00:08:56).
  Default target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0
  Host CPU: corei7-avx

  Registered Targets:
    x86    - 32-bit X86: Pentium-Pro and above
    x86-64 - 64-bit X86: EM64T and AMD64
===========================================================================
CRITICAL root: you can fall back to the older (pre-fastcomp) compiler core, although that is not recommended, see https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/wiki/LLVM-Backend
INFO     root: (Emscripten: Running sanity checks)
CRITICAL root: failing sanity checks due to previous fastcomp failure

How to solve this? How to fallback to pre-fast-comp?

A: This looks like a badly configured install of Emscripten. Did you install with the SDK? It looks like emcc is finding the wrong clang (probably one you already had installed, present in your PATH before the one emcc expects) and not the clang version that usually comes with Emscripten.
Which OS are you on?
On Linux check which clang and echo $PATH to figure out which clang is present.
Try invoking emcc with: EMMAKEN_COMPILER=/path/to/emscripten-fastcomp/bin emcc test/hello.cc this should override the bad path above.
Also try invoking emcc with the -v option to get verbose output.
If none of this works, please post the output of these commands and information on how to reproduce the problem.

A: I am late to the party here but for anyone else with the same problem(s).
Running here on Windows 10 with emscripten-fastcomp built using CMake files for VS2015. Both emscripten and emscripten-fastcomp were cloned from their Github repos.
The documentation here is either out of date or simply incorrect. For starters try running emcc -v, i.e. without any files to compile.
R:\src\tools\emscripten>emcc -v

which should get you this:
> Welcome to Emscripten!
>
> This is the first time any of the Emscripten tools has been run.
>
> A settings file has been copied to ~/.emscripten, at absolute path:
> C:\Users\user/.emscripten
>
> It contains our best guesses for the important paths, which are:
>
> LLVM_ROOT       = /usr/bin
> NODE_JS         = R:\apps\nodejs\node.exe
> EMSCRIPTEN_ROOT = R:\src\tools\emscripten
>
> Please edit the file if any of those are incorrect.
>
> This command will now exit. When you are done editing those paths,
> re-run it.
>

Now edit the LLVM_ROOT variable in
C:\Users\user\.emscripten
such that the default
LLVM_ROOT = os.path.expanduser(os.getenv('LLVM') or '/usr/bin') # directory
is changed to something like this
LLVM_ROOT = os.path.expanduser(os.getenv('LLVM') or 'R:\\src\\tools\\emscripten-fastcomp\\build\\Debug\\bin') # directory.
Note the escaped backslashes, the standard single backslash \ will not work.
Now you should be able to run the tests and get sensible results as in
emcc -v tests/hello_world.cpp

which will then spew something like this:
> R:\src\tools\emscripten>emcc -v tests/hello_world.cpp
> INFO:root:generating system asset: is_vanilla.txt... (this will be
> cached in "C:\Users\user\.emscripten_cache\is_vanilla.txt" for
> subsequent builds) INFO:root: - ok INFO:root:(Emscripten: Running
> sanity checks) INFO:root:(Emscripten: Running sanity checks) clang
> version 3.9.0 (https://github.com/kripken/emscripten-fastcomp-clang
> 60a7e9a9c22b67309e5b1258d38fadfa481a25d3)
> (https://github.com/kripken/emscripten-fastcomp
> 881bd352731d21c7117ad7e2ece347aacae83965) (emscripten 1.37.0 : 1.37.0)
> Target: asmjs-unknown-emscripten Thread model: posix InstalledDir:
> R:\src\tools\emscripten-fastcomp\build\Debug\bin
> "R:\\src\\tools\\emscripten-fastcomp\\build\\Debug\\bin\\clang++.exe"
> -cc1 -triple asmjs-unknown-emscripten -emit-llvm-bc -emit-llvm-uselists -disable-free -main-file-name hello_world.cpp -mrelocation-model static -mthread-model posix -mdisable-fp-elim -no-integrated-as -mconstructor-aliases -v -dwarf-column-info -debugger-tuning=gdb -coverage-file "C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\tmpk4sar7\\hello_world_0.o"
> -nostdsysteminc -nobuiltininc -resource-dir "R:\\src\\tools\\emscripten-fastcomp\\build\\Debug\\bin\\..\\lib\\clang\\3.9.0"
> -D __EMSCRIPTEN_major__=1 -D __EMSCRIPTEN_minor__=37 -D __EMSCRIPTEN_tiny__=0 -D _LIBCPP_ABI_VERSION=2 -Werror=implicit-function-declaration -std=c++03 -fdeprecated-macro -fno-dwarf-directory-asm -fdebug-compilation-dir "R:\\src\\tools\\emscripten" -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 80
> -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fcxx-exceptions -fexceptions -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -nobuiltininc -nostdsysteminc "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\include\\libcxx"
> "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\lib\\libcxxabi\\include"
> "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\include\\compat"
> "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\include"
> "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\include\\SSE"
> "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\include\\libc"
> "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\lib\\libc\\musl\\arch\\emscripten"
> "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\local\\include"
> "-isystemR:\\src\\tools\\emscripten\\system\\include\\SDL" -o
> "C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\tmpk4sar7\\hello_world_0.o" -x
> c++ tests/hello_world.cpp clang -cc1 version 3.9.0 based upon LLVM
> 3.9.0 default target i686-pc-windows-msvc
> #include "..." search starts here:
> #include <...> search starts here:  R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\include\libcxx
> R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\lib\libcxxabi\include
> R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\include\compat
> R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\include
> R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\include\SSE
> R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\include\libc
> R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\lib\libc\musl\arch\emscripten
> R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\local\include
> R:\src\tools\emscripten\system\include\SDL End of search list.

Hope this saves someone else Boxing Day hair-tearing. Good luck.

A: I solved the same error while I was building Emscripten manually from source.
Emscripten uses its own fork of LLVM - Fastcomp;
build it from source by following the instructions here. Then edit ~/.emscripten to have LLVM_ROOT like this
LLVM_ROOT = os.path.expanduser('/home/yourpath/to/emscripten-fastcomp/build/Release/bin') # directory

(it can even be /home/yourpath/to/emscripten-fastcomp/build/bin)

A: I had the same problem after deleting and reinstalling emsdk
Solution:

*

*Open a new terminal

*Goto emsdk install dir

*source ./emsdk_env.sh

It's critical to reset the environment variables.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
BelarusDigest > All > The Ukrainian Scenario is Being Tested in Belarus – Belarus Security Digest
The Ukrainian Scenario is Being Tested in Belarus – Belarus Security Digest
The Belarusian authorities are preparing to counter by military means any possible attempts to destabilise the situation in Belarus under the scenario deployed in Eastern Ukraine.
The Belarusian Ministry of Interior plans to make the fight against drug trafficking more efficient and...
The Belarusian Ministry of Interior plans to make the fight against drug trafficking more efficient and initiate tougher punishments for drug dealers.
The Belarusian authorities seek to use the crisis in Ukraine to elevate their own importance as the Kremlin's partner… and to put a little money in the bank while they are at it. Will they succeed?
The CSTO views the drug flow coming out of Afghanistan the most serious challenge facing it.
Minsk does not want to spend any money on purchasing new combat aircraft and has instead decided to modernise its Soviet heritage aviation.
Corruption Remains One of the Major National Security Threats
On 22 April 2014, Alexander Lukashenka made his annual address to the National Assembly. He paid the utmost attention to the problem of corruption. Lukashenka separately went into the details of abuse of power among judges, the KGB (the initiation of criminal proceedings against a number of top officials from the Department of the KGB in the Homiel region), law-enforcement officials (Interior Ministry, Investigative Committee, customs and border agencies).
This part of his address was not only the longest but also the most emotionally charged. Obviously, the issue of corruption in public administration and law-enforcement agencies is of considerable concer to Lukashenka. It is especially true in the light of the events in Ukraine, a point that he stressed earlier on. He said that corruption and abuse remained the "birthmarks" of law-enforcement and executive bodies. This may be one of the harshest wordings he has ever employed.
The time that Lukashenka dedicated to the problem of corruption during his address on 22 April 2014 suggests that the situation has become intolerable. Moreover, it also signals that the law-enforcement agencies can no longer be regarded as a wholesome part of the public administration system.
The Ukrainian Scenario is Being Tested in Belarus
For the moment there are only during drills. A joint exercise with the 120th guards motorised brigade and internal troops of the Interior Ministry recently took place. During the drill its participants worked out coordinated tactics to accomplish special tasks in urban areas.
One of the goals of the exercise was to develop the most appropriate approach when using the nation's military units, and establishing the technical and logistical support needed in preparation for conducting special military operations. The latter essentially included counter-insurgency and anti-sabotage manoeuvres, suppressing armed insurgencies or similar activities using their own forces against that of the enemy.
They also worked out plans to hold joint street patrols and maintaining curfew by military personnel and internal troops. The participants were trained in carrying out their respective duties at checkpoints and inspecting incoming transports as well as countering mass riots with joint actions.
It is worth noting that during the exercise the military personnel worked out their actions in reaction to the occupation of administrative buildings by a group of aggressively minded people who earlier tried to hold an unauthorised rally in a public square.
Drugs Remain in the Spotlight
The Ministry of Internal Affairs insists on setting up an interagency anti-drug commission, which will allow for the monitoring and anti-trafficking measures for new psychoactive substances within days after their initial seizure. The interagency commission is being established with three agencies: the State Committee of Forensic Examinations, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Health.
This commission can prohibit, by an official decision that it makes, any substance that is determined to have a psychoactive effect on a potential user and is dangerous for their health. The Ministry of Internal Affairs also initiated new legislation in this vein.
They proposed to toughen the penalties associated with drug distribution by punishing the production of psychoactive substances in drug laboratories as well as the sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their analogues to minors by imprisonment of up to 13 years. Amendments to Decree No. 60 "On measures to improve the use of the national segment of Internet", which will allow for prohibiting by law visits to web sites that were found to have sold drugs are also under consideration.
It is thought that it will automatically deny at least 90% of distributors the possibility of selling narcotic substances online. In the long term, there are plans to establish the single centralised register of drug users and set up the process of obtaining information about drug addicts from healthcare institutions.
Greed or Fear?
Analysing the events in April, we can say that the Belarusian authorities are trying to milk the most out of the confrontation between Russia and Ukraine. Considering the context of the occupation of Crimea, the introduction of an embargo on military and technical cooperation with Russia is a matter of principle for Kyiv. Public opinion demands it. However, the Ukrainian military and industrial complex needs money – much of which comes from Russia.
If things should progress along this line of thought, Minsk is ready to jump into the game by offering itself as an assembly plant for the Ukrainian defence industry. The Belarusian authorities are trying to act as an intermediary for military equipment supplies, and idea which is of interest to Russian customers. In other words, the idea is to set up assembly and production plans in Belarus of the products that would be essentially Ukrainian, but with the label would "made in Belarus" for further sale to Russia. It looks like so far Moscow and Kyiv have no objections to this option.
On 2 April 2014, Lukashenka set an agenda to organise the manufacturing of airplanes and helicopters in Belarus in the production facilities of JSC Orsha Aircraft Repair Plant, which is owned by the Ukrainian helicopter corporation Motor Sic". A statement about the need to enhance cooperation with Ukraine in the military and industrial sphere in general followed. According to Lukashenka, "the time [for this] is right". And they need to seize this opportunity to set up the manufacture of new products, including ones headed for the Russian market.
loud statements about the indestructible military and political union with Russia are aimed one goal – to increase the importance of Belarus as the Kremlin's partner Read more
In general, intermediary's (Belarus) services in helping to supply products from the Ukrainian military and industrial complex to Russia as well as recurrent loud statements about the indestructible military and political union with Russia are aimed one goal – to increase the importance of Belarus as the Kremlin's partner. And this is not only about Minsk's hope to obtain additional financial and economic benefits from Moscow. The first reason for this behaviour is the clear threat of Russia's continued aggressive actions towards other post-Soviet countries.
The CSTO Fears Threats from Afghanistan
The CSTO is preparing for the end of the ISAF mission in Afghanistan. In connection with this, the Organisation has identified four potential risks:
– risks of destabilisation of the situation in Afghanistan;
– the creation of bases for various armed extremist groups and centres of ideological influences in Central Asian countries and, subsequently, a rising number Islamists in these countries;
– the creation of training centres for militants;
– an expansion in drug trafficking in the territory of CIS countries.
The risk of a major invasion from Afghanistan is not regarded as probable. However, local attempts at penetration by armed groups into Tajikistan are a real threat, and such attacks have already been recorded. More alarmingly, their number is growing rapidly. The objectives of trespassers are different: political and solely criminal, related to drug trafficking.
The drug trade remains a priority for the CSTO. This is due to the fact that Russia is currently the major consumer of heroin in the world: the country has 1.7 million drug addicts, whose number increases annually by around 80 thousand people, with roughly 30 thousand people dying every year from overdoses. With these facts in consideration, the Centre of Special Anti-Drug Operation is being established within the CSTO, which will focus on coordinating special operations against the Afghan drug mafia.
Modernisation of Fighters of the National Air Force Begins
Currently, the beginning of a project of modernisation for 10 fighters MiG-29 has been confirmed. It will affect the systems of control, their aiming and tracking systems and their armaments. The airplanes will improve their ability to hit ground targets. The modernisation of the heavy Su-27 is planned to happen the end of the first stage of the modernisation project. However, no specifics are available yet. The question of modernisation of the assault fighters Su-25 also remains open; it was reported in January this year, but nothing further appears to have occurred.
The modernisation of the domestic fighters MiG-29 may also have an economic effect by spurring the interest of foreign customers. Talks are now under way with a foreign country about the modernisation of the MiG-29. The contract may be signed this year; the 558th Aircraft Repair Plant in Baranavichy will be responsible for the work.
Andrei Parotnikau
Andrei is the head of "Belarus Security Blog" analytical project.
https://belarusdigest.com/story/the-ukrainian-scenario-is-being-tested-in-belarus-belarus-security-digest/
Tags Afghanistan air force belaruaisan army Border security CSTO Military Modernisation Russia Ukraine
Igar Gubarevich15 May 2014
Belarus Opens New Embassies, Struggles to Remain Neutral on Ukraine – Foreign Policy Digest
Alena Kupchyna at EaP's meeting in Budapest
Despite the need to please Russia during the talks on the Eurasian Union, Belarus managed to avoid criticising the Ukrainian authorities. Minsk remains a strong supporter of Ukraine's unity and stability.
Belarus pursued its policy of gradual engagement with the EU through its Central European members. Meanwhile, the country is actively looking for new export markets, mostly in Asia and Latin America. Two new embassies, in Mongolia and Ecuador, will open soon.
Struggling to Maintain Neutrality on Ukraine
Belarus has stood by its policy of neutrality in the conflict between Ukraine and Russia. However, during the last two weeks it has largely avoided any overt expression of sympathy and solidarity with the Ukrainian government.
Minsk has been sure to carefully word all of its official statements.
The Foreign Ministry expressed its "deep concern and anxiety" over the developments in Ukraine. It appealed to all political forces "to immediately stop the bloodshed and to take real steps towards building national dialogue". The ministry also urged Belarusian citizens to avoid visiting Ukraine and getting involved in political events there.
On several occasions, Alexander Lukashenka criticised the West's conduct in the Ukrainian crisis. He expressed his displeasure with the "absolutely inadequate response by our so-called Western partners" to the tragedy in Odessa.
The Belarusian president also accused them of escalating tension by imposing economic sanctions on Russia. Lukashenka capitalised on this situation by trying to sway Russia to buy more from Belarus.
There is one explanation for this certain tilt in balance towards Russia. Belarus could not afford alienating Russia in the midst of decisive talks on the Eurasian Union integration project. However, Minsk has remained faithful to its public position on the legitimacy of the Ukrainian authorities and the inadmissibility of the federalisation of Ukraine.
Eastern Partnership through Central Europe
Belarus skipped the Eastern Partnership summit held on 24 and 25 April in Prague. Foreign Minister Uladzimir Makej touched on this topic briefly in his interview to the Czech daily Lidové Noviny. According to him, the Czech government failed to "invite those people who formulate and make policy decisions". For his part, Commissioner Štefan Füle stressed at the summit that the EU remained committed to its stated position on Belarus.
However, only a few days later Belarus attended an informal meeting of the Visegrád Group and Eastern Partnership countries in Budapest. Deputy Foreign Minister Alena Kupchyna stressed there the need to "rethink and streamline the initiative … in view of new challenges and development of the situation in the region".
Kupchyna claimed that Belarus' western partners and other EaP members supported this approach. It remains to be seen what practical steps will be taken to implement this rather general intention.
Alena Kupchyna's visit to Budapest followed up on a series of steps to warm relations between Belarus and Central European countries. Belarus may find it easier to develop dialogue with the Visegrád Four than with Old Europe. This informal gathering was also a perfect opportunity for Kupchyna to talk to Štefan Füle and her Hungarian counterparts.
As for the Eastern Partnership per se, Belarus' ambitions remain quite modest. Most EaP members have embarked upon the integration path with the EU. Belarus and Azerbaijan have mostly focused on visa issues.
Ambassadors as Potential Idlers
The president of Belarus appointed three new ambassadors. They are all career diplomats. Two of them, Stanislau Chepurnoj and Ihar Palujan, will open new Belarusian embassies in two countries, Mongolia and Ecuador. Mikalaj Barysievich, who once served as Lukashenka's spokesman, will head the Belarusian mission in the Netherlands.
At the last moment, Lukashenka appeared to be seized with doubts about the need for opening new missions abroad: "We'd better not be hasty and appoint ambassadors to where they will have nothing to do". He stressed the absolute priority of trade promotion in their ambassadorial work. On this point, Mongolia and Ecuador might have not looked like serious partners to him.
Foreign Minister Vladimir Makei had to defend his choice for the new diplomatic outposts. However, he admitted that his ministry "did not always take into consideration all possible options when appointing some heads of missions".
Today, Belarus has a diplomatic presence in over 50 countries. The lion's share of its diplomatic missions are in post-Soviet states and former Eastern bloc countries. Georgia is here the most notable exception.
The priority now is to expand Belarus' presence in Asia and Latin America. However, the latter, together with Africa, remains largely neglected by Belarus
Belarus is surprisingly absent from such economic strongholds and regional powers as Spain, Norway, Mexico, Chile, Saudi Arabia, Angola, Singapore and Malaysia. However, a Belarusian mission will appear this year in Australia, one of the world's wealthiest and largest countries.
High-level Visitors in Minsk
Minsk received several high-level guests in late April and early May. Besides the leaders of Russia and Kazakhstan who came to work on their joint integration project, the list of visitors included prime minister of Cambodia, speaker of the parliament of Laos and the foreign ministers of Armenia, Mozambique and Venezuela.
Development of trade and economic relations remained the main topic of all discussions. Cooperation with Southeast Asia deserves a special mention. The high-level visitors from this region came to Minsk only a few weeks after Foreign Minister Vladimir Makei visited Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. Belarus is eager to expand trade relations with these fast-growing economies, which have rather poor human rights records.
Expanding Presence in UN Bodies
Belarus was elected by consensus to several subsidiary bodies of the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). The list includes the Commission on Population and Development, the UNICEF's Executive Board, the Committee for Programme and Coordination, the Governing Council of UN-Habitat, and the UNHCR's Executive Committee.
The Belarusian mission to the UN managed to negotiate a trade-off list of candidacies with other members of the Eastern European Group and avoid a competitive election. This unofficial voting bloc at the UN consists of 23 post-Soviet countries of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus. The fact that Belarus currently holds one of the Group's six seats in ECOSOC also helps in the election matters.
Countries often exchange voting support and offer political or economic favours to get their candidature to the most important UN bodies supported by other countries. Then, human rights or political concerns often fall by the wayside. The visit of Jim Bolder, former prime minister of New Zealand, to Belarus can provide a good illustration here. Mr Bolder came as a special envoy to lobby his country's candidature to the UN Security Council.
Tags Alena Kupchyna ambassadors CENTRAL EUROPE Eastern Partnership ECOSOC foreign policy foreignpolicydigest MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY SOUTHEAST ASIA Ukraine United Nations VLADIMIR MAKEI


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At Sports Physicians Orthopedics and Rehabilitation of Texas (SPORT) in Dallas and Frisco, our comprehensive orthopedic services include specialized care for foot and ankle injuries, deformities, and other conditions. Our providers will diagnose and treat your problem with the most appropriate methods.
Most of the time, foot and ankle injuries can be treated without surgery using medication such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, physical therapy, cortisone injections, or immobilization with a cast or brace.
If you do require surgery, Dr. Robert Berry will discuss your options and recommended procedure. Conditions and injuries that most frequently require surgery include ankle arthritis, severe bunions, and torn ligaments.
Bunions are painful bumps made up of bone and soft tissue that form on the base of your big toes. This foot deformity usually develops when you wear shoes that are too tight or small in the toe area. Bunion surgery is recommended only after other treatments – such as wearing proper, comfortable shoes – fail to correct the condition.
During this outpatient procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in the top or side of your big toe joint, then realigns or removes the bone and soft tissue, thus alleviating pain. In some cases, small plates, screws, or wires are used to keep the foot bone from becoming misaligned again.
The bones in your lower leg (tibia and fibula) and feet come together to form the ankle joint. It is held together by ligaments on both sides of the ankle: three major ligaments on the outside and several others on the inside of the ankle. Together they help restrict the motion of the ankle joint. The three ligaments on the outside of the ankle are collectively known as the lateral collateral ligament, or LCL. It is the ligament most susceptible to ankle sprains.
Meanwhile, tendons that cross the joint are attached to the muscles in your leg and to the bones of your foot. When the muscles contract, it moves your foot at the ankle joint either up or down.
Minor ankle sprains heal with rest. Major sprains require surgery to repair the torn ligament. Surgery typically involves using a tendon graft to replace the torn ligament, followed by physical therapy.
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text:
Міжнародний день астероїда () — свято, яке щорічно відзначається 30 червня (починаючи з 2017 року). Було проголошено Генеральною Асамблеєю ООН на засіданні 6 грудня 2016 року. Рішення було ухвалено за пропозицією Асоціації дослідників космосу (), яку підтримав Комітет ООН з використання космічного простору в мирних цілях (). Таким чином ООН розраховує привернути увагу широких верств населення до небезпеки падіння астероїда на Землю.

30 червня обрано як річницю Тунгуського феномена над Сибіром, який стався 30 червня 1908 року.

Див. також
 Міжнародні дні ООН
 Астероїд

Джерела

Посилання
 http://iawn.net
 Офіційна сторінка вебсайту ООН «Международный день астероида 30 июня»

День
Астероїд
Астероїд
Суспільні рухи
Міжнародні дні ООН


The art of manipulating people to give up confidential information is not new. It's just that there are new methods of manipulation! Regardless of the method, all social engineering attacks take advantage of our natural instinct to trust people. It's much easier for cyber criminals to trick someone into giving out their password or bank account details than it is to hack all the systems required to obtain the same information.
The key to protecting yourself is to know who and what to trust.
Is the email from someone you don't have a working relationship with?
Is the sender from an organisation you don't personally have dealings with, even though others in your workplace do?
If you know the sender, is it out of character for them to send a message of this nature?
Is it usual for the sender to include embedded hyperlinks or attachments in their email?
Was the email sent to a group of people you don't know?
Was it sent to people you do know, but the mix is unusual? For example, everyone's surname begins with 'S'.
Has the email arrived at an unusual time? For example, it's time stamp says 12.30 am but you know the colleague who sent it is not a night owl.
Is the subject mismatched with the message?
Is the topic irrelevant to you?
Is the email poorly written, with spelling and grammatical errors?
Does it invite you to click a hyperlink or open an attachment?
Does the message seem illogical or nonsensical?
Is the topic of the message inappropriate or irrelevant to you?
Does the email ask me to look at something compromising or embarrassing to myself or others?
When you hover your mouse over any hyperlinks, is the link-to address different to that which is written in the email?
Is the hyperlink the only content in the message?
Is the business name in the hyperlink spelt correctly?
Does it make sense to have an attachment as part of the email?
Were you expecting the attachment to be sent?
Think carefully about what you've received and the steps it's asking you to take. If an email looks suspicious it probably is. Do your research and don't be afraid to reject requests. Set your spam filters to high. Beware the download. Curiosity leads to careless clicking. Don't be tempted. Not once. Not at all.
If you need any assistance with your cyber strategy or you don't know where to start please call us on 1300 478 738 or email us at info@suretyit.com.au.


text:
Tri-joodthyronine, triiodothyronine of T3 is een schildklierhormoon dat gevormd wordt in de schildklier of uit het schildklierhormoon T4 (thyroxine).

Aanmaak
Thyrosineresiduen van het thyreoglobuline worden gejodineerd. Een thyrosineresidu met een jodide is een MIT; een thyrosineresidu met twee jodiden vormt een DIT. Twee DIT's vormen T4. Een MIT en een DIT vormen T3. T4 en T3 worden vanuit de schildklier uitgescheiden in het bloed. De schildklier maakt in verhouding veel meer T4 dan T3. T4 wordt door de lever, maar ook in alle weefsels, omgezet in T3. De effecten van T3 op weefsels zijn ongeveer viermaal potenter dan die van T4. Bij onvoldoende jodiuminname gaat de schildklier relatief en absoluut meer T3 produceren.

Functie
Schildklierhormonen zijn essentieel voor normale groei en ontwikkeling en hebben veel effecten op stofwisselingsprocessen. Zo spelen ze een belangrijke rol bij de ontwikkeling van het zenuwstelsel en de synthese, mobilisatie en afbraak van vetten. Ook verhogen ze het aantal catecholamine-receptoren op de celmembraan (effect op hartfrequentie).

Transport
Het grootste deel (99,66%) van het T3 in het bloed is gebonden aan transporteiwitten;
thyreoïdbindend globuline (TBG)
pre-albumine
albumine.
Alleen T3 dat niet gebonden is aan transporteiwitten is in staat om biologische effecten tot stand te brengen. Dit is vrij T3 (fT3).

Afbraak
Ongeveer de helft van T3 wordt afgebroken door middel van deiodinatie en metabolisme in weefsels. De andere helft wordt geconjugeerd in de lever en uitgescheiden via de gal. Ook wordt een beetje schildklierhormoon uitgescheiden via de nieren.

Diagnostiek
Schildklierhormonen kunnen bepaald worden in een klinisch chemisch laboratorium. Meestal worden de vrije T4 en T3 bepaald; deze zijn biologisch actief. Een te laag fT4 of fT3 wordt een hypothyreoïdie genoemd en een te hoog fT4 of fT3 wordt een hyperthyreoïdie genoemd. Daarnaast zal ook de TSH bepaald worden om te beoordelen wat de oorzaak is van de afwijkende waarde van de fT4.

Zie ook
Hyperthyreoïdie
Hypothyreoïdie
Schildklier
Thyroxine

Hormoon
Joodbenzeenderivaat
Alfa-aminozuur
Fenolderivaat
Difenyletherderivaat
Schildklier


Summit Design and Engineering Services provided Geotechnical, Special Inspections and Construction Materials Testing for this facility. During Phase I of the project, 750,000 CY of cut to fill, 75,000 CY of rock removal, and 13,000 lf of storm drain installation was performed at the 100 acre construction site located in Person County, North Carolina. Phase II of the project included the construction of the 457,000 SF gypsum wallboard manufacturing facility. The steel-framed structure is built on reinforced concrete footings with reinforced slabs, steel columns, and welded metal deck plates.
Client CertainTeed Gypsum, NC, Inc.
We provided architectural and engineering services for the Mid-Atlantic STIHL Warehouse expansion project in Hillsborough, NC. STIHL is a major manufacturing producer of hand-held power equipment such as chainsaws, trimmers, and blowers. The expansion project consisted of adding approximately 22,600 square feet of warehouse space to the side of their existing facility, along with additional parking and a loading dock. The interior office space was relocated and the restroom facilities and training room were expanded.
Our team is providing structural engineering services for a new addition to the Honda Aerospace plant in Alamance County, NC. The new $10 Million, 55,000 square-foot plant expansion project will expand the manufacture of light-jet engines for the Honda Jets, which are built in Greensboro, NC. Attached to the plant will also be a 10,000 square-foot, two-story office expansion.


The Mobile App Intern team chose 3 travel apps to analyze. Kayak, Expedia, and Google Trips. All three apps stored their data within the internal storage of each device it was downloaded onto. However, Expedia proved to show very little artifacts that could be useful for forensic analysts. Most of the data kept by Expedia is not data meant for the user or analysts'; it is meant for the app itself (data logs etc). Google Trips saved the most user data out of all three of the apps. It kept user info (username and password hash), trip details (title, locations, etc), and location data. Kayak mainly stored location data, the names of hotels, and rental company information. For example, if one were to use Kayak in order to rent a Mercedes-Benz for $60 USD a day, they can set what dates to rent said car and Kayak will keep all of that information about the car and company stored. The same was true for plane and bus tickets. Company, price, dates of departure/arrival, and user timestamps are all stored.
The Mobile App Intern Team is grateful to the LCDI to have been given the chance to utilize their devices in order to perform projects and research. The team was able to acquire new skills (like rooting Android devices) and read many useful journal articles relating to mobile forensics.
The post Mobile App Intern Final Blog Post appeared first on The Leahy Center for Digital Investigation.


Sailing trips in Belize, Sail along with boat owners.
With its world 2nd largest barrier reef, 3 major offshore atolls and hundreds of different sun swept tropical islands to explore, Belize is a top sailing, snorkeling and diving destination.
Belize is considered to have been the heartland of the Maya civilization during the Classic period. During your sailing trip you will visit beautiful ruins left by this great culture. Belize's Maya occupation began as early as 1500 BC, but it was not until the Classic period of 250 AD to 900 AD that the Maya population is thought to have exceeded 1 million people in Belize. However, much about the ancient Maya remains a mystery now.
Discover a well kept African secret, the Garifuna people, a proud people who keep their heritage alive today by continuing their traditions and sharing with visitors. Their mind-blowing drum and dance ceremonies are a spectacle worth witnessing.
Belize, an amazing country, you better Belize it!
Not sure which yacht to choose?
Palometa is a comfortable 47 ft catamaran cruising the beautiful coast of Belize. She has 3 large double cabins for guests with en-suite bathrooms and many unique extra's like 2 x 2 Man Kayaks, a 15hp Tender with knee- and wakeboard, 2 Swim Platforms & Showers, 2 Sun Deck Lounges & Trampolines, to name a few. For dive and fishing fanatics the crew organizes optional diving and fishing expeditions.
Explore Belize Barrier Reef with the comfort of our 140 square meters catamaran (17,40 meter long and 8 meters wide). Snorkeling, fishing, scuba diving, improving your sailing skills while being pampered by our Italian Gourmet meals.
Angelique II is an Outremer 55, one of the faster and stronger catamaran in the Market which with her 140 square meeter of surface provide a unique comfort both while sailing and at anchor. Completely refitted in 2014 Angelique II has 4 cabins, each complimented with a private bath and shower, a large living room with kitchen, dining and chart table. At the same level we find the cockpit, equipped with a large table comfortably accommodating 10 people. She is also equipped with a scuba dive compressor and 4 tanks, 2 Kayaand one SUP.
With more than one hundred thousand miles on our logbook, we are not just experienced sailors but also enthusiastic cooks who love pamper our guests with our Italian Gourmet cuisine. On board of Angelique II you will not only discover the wonders of this ultimate paradise of the Caribbean, but we will be happy to reveal the secrets of our cuisine, all our sailing tricks and , if you wish, charm you with our adventures tales on the Southern Oceans.
Sail Belize on this beautiful classic sailing sloop, build in 1917 by the famous Dutch boat-building family 'de Vries Lentsch'. She is seaworthy to the max as she is designed like a cruise-ships life-raft. She has a steel hull and teak interior and decking. Her interior is original so as you go down the companion way you will feel like you are transported back to the golden age of luxury sailing.
"De Rob" and it`s crew will give you a safe experience where you can sail back in time with all the equipment and service you expect nowadays.


Skripters.biz website is scored 350 1Pagerank.com points (1PRS) and has a global traffic ranking of 43,307 in the world. This website Google PageRank is 2 out of maximum 10 and its estimated worth is about $ 180,720.00. It has potential to earn online around $ 251.00 US Dollar daily. Skripters.biz was registered 7 years 5 months ago (2011-10-24) and is hosted in Ivanovo, Ivanovo, Russian Federation.


Techenoid is a live instructor-led and e-learning platform that offers professional training services to help individuals and companies improve their skills drastically. We provide online training in various fields which includes but not limited to: Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Business Analytics, Business Intelligence Tools, DevOps Tools, Data Science, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, IoT, Database Administration, Networking, Selenium, Test Automation Tools, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Cloud Computing, Bigdata, Bigdata Analytics, SAP, Python, Go, Identity Management, SIEM Tools, IT Service, Management, MongoDB, NoSQL DB technologies, IT Networking and Server Administration Courses.
Tableau training is to make participants know the way to use Tableau Desktop for analyzing and displaying data. Through this familiarity, they will be capable of making knowledgeable decisions driven from the captured data for the welfare of an organization. The course has been designed with the sole aim of allowing participants to find out the way of installing Tableau, connecting the tool to the data resources, and sorting and filtering their data.
Additionally, the participants will be demonstrated with the way about creating and maneuvering data visualizations, such as highlighting charts, tables, scatter plots, maps, histograms, and dashboards. The course also educates them to know the way to share their visualizations through the web.
Let students understand the architecture of Tableau Desktop and the way to use the tool in real time.
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Allow the participants to specialize in the creation of Tableau reports, maps, graphs, table calculation, etc.
Let delegates master the bizarre field types as well as the generated fields of Tableau.
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I explicitly wanted to experience mixing Sertraline and MDMA because I couldn't find many mixing experiences documented online and I plan on going on a weekend trip with my girlfriends in a few weeks where we will likely be taking multiple doses of MDMA. Let me start out by saying I've only done MDMA about 6 times over the past 2 years. I am not a frequent user, but I love it when I have access to it. I've been taking up to 150 mg of Zoloft (Sertraline) for the last 3 months to deal with major anxiety and breathing issues surrounding my upcoming wedding.
I had taken the Setraline at 3pm and I took my first MDMA tablet at 10:15 pm. By 11pm, I could already feel the happiness and lightness wash over me. I was hanging in my friend D's living room and immediately felt inspired to do yoga. I just love stretching when I feel this way. I feel my entire body loosen up and come alive. It makes me wonder how much physical flexibility is related to a free mind. Hmmm … I just love the fact that time crawls when I take MDMA. I don't want the feeling to ever end and fortunately, the clock seemed to be moving slowly. This made me happy. I knew I was in for a glorious evening.
Suddenly a friend dropped a second dose of MDMA. Being an adventurer, I decided to follow and take a second as well. At first I was scared. What if I have a bad reaction to the Sertraline? Fortunately, I never did experience any discomfort or increase in anxiety or anything else that I feared. If anything, the MDMA was less intense as a result of the Sertraline, but it was intense enough, it was a smooth and joyous evening.
At midnight, after much giggling and deep therapeutic talking, we ventured to a nightclub where my friend has connections. We ran 10 blocks through the rain and it felt delicious. I've seen the streets of my city 1,000 times – but tonight the wet streets sparkled from the reflections of the lights and neon store signs. It made me want to paint. Fortunately, the DJ at the club was off the hook. By 2am I am soaked in sweat, twirling amidst a group of friends and strangers, and feeling so alive and free.
I was finally able to confront my deep challenges with anxiety and face head on the fears I suppress on a daily basis. I was able to see that I fear becoming a "wife" having been raised to be so independent. I realized that I can define "wife". I don't have to take on anyone else's definition. This was very healing for me. Thanks MDMA!
We didn't leave the club until 6am. We crawled home and I slept on the sofa. This was perhaps the WILDEST part of the evening. As I layed down and shut my eyes, my ear drums seemed to be hypersensitive and I think I was tuned into some very low and high frequencies of vibrations as sounds. My inner ears were fluttering and I felt like I was tapped into sounds I wouldn't normally hear. There was a cacophonous orchestra of low rumblings and high scales. Perhaps it was just my ears reacting to the load music from the club. But I think it was special. I think I was hearing the state of my environment. Also, when I closed my eyes, I also saw wild fire burning through swirls of neon blue and red. It was kind of annoying. I just wanted to go to sleep. After about 30 minutes I was able to sleep.
It's now 2 days later. I slept for the last 20 hours – I think I really needed it. I feel almost 100% today – a little jittery – but not depressed and even a tad less anxious! I took 150 of Setraline last night so that I stay on my plan with my doctor. Verdict – science experiment successful.


In the Washington Times, Richard Rahn says socialism enslaves.
John Tamny: Burger King's 'Impossible Whopper' explains why local government should be empowered, not national.
Stephen Moore: The U.S. needs more H1B visas.
Reagan Supply-Siders blaze a comeback under Trump via the Committee to Unleash Prosperity.
Director Kudlow on Tax Day: Our economy is booming!
In the American Spectator, Ralph Benko says Stephen Moore and Herman Cain are just what the Fed needs.
Stephen Moore gives his views on the Fed.
Europe looks to remold the Internet.
Andy Puzder: A booming economy makes wage floors superfluous.
On Real Clear Markets, Allan Golombek says capitalism enabled the seeing of the unseeable with the first ever photo of a black hole.
Heidi Heitkamp says USMCA will strengthen American workers.
Ray Dalio: Why and How Capitalism Needs to Be Reformed (Part 1).
Brian Domitrovic gives 3 questions for economic-growth scolds.
At Forbes.com, Brian Domitrovic gives 3 questions for economic-growth scolds.
Visual Capitalist shows us how the Big 5 Tech Companies generate $800+B/year in revenue.
The WSJ editorial board praises Trump's Fed nominee Stephen Moore.
Director Kudlow: Some tariffs will be kept in place on China.
Foreign Policy discusses the man who took China to space.


The glossy dark green leaves of this small, spreading, deciduous shrub are studded with tiny, pinkish-white flowers in May, followed by bright red Autumn berries. The leaves turn orange-red before they fall. The branches form a pretty herringbone pattern, which means the plant looks stunning grown flat against a wall. It is also an excellent groundcover plant for a sunny border. Supplied in approx 2 litre containers.


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Hello everyone. Today's article is a guest post from Heather Green of Online Nursing Degrees.
Jogging mile after mile staring at an asphalt trail or the monitor on a treadmill can become very boring. If you log those same miles chatting with a friend, the mile markers will fly by without you noticing. (Well, maybe not, but at least they'll seem to pass by more quickly.) Having a workout buddy lets you talk and tell jokes while you exercise, making it more enjoyable. If you're the kind of person who needs to be distracted when you work out, a friend is the best kind. An added bonus is that if you're a busy person (and who isn't?), working out with a friend lets you multi-task by fitting in social time with workout time.
A workout buddy is like your own personal cheering section. This is someone you can talk to you about your fitness and weight-loss goals and with whom you can share your trials and successes. When you're doing well, there is someone to celebrate your success and encourage you to keep going. If you hit a road block, there is someone to remind you of your motivation and encourage you to keep going. Having a person to workout with also encourages you to try new things. It is much less intimidating to join a new class or try out a new sport when you have someone doing it with you.
If you start to feel tired when you're working out, it's easy to drop a set or to run a little slower. However, if you're working out with a friend, you'll do that extra set and run a little faster because you don't want to slow down your friend and because you don't want to seem like the "loser." Our natural sense of competition kicks in when we work out with a friend, and we want to be sure that we are keeping up or even doing better in the workout.
There are many exercises that either need a spotter or a partner to perform. If you have a workout buddy, you can get a spotter to lift heavier weights in the gym or to try more acrobatic moves or stretches. If you have a workout buddy, you can perform partner exercises, like partner push-ups, crunches with a medicine ball, rowing, and more. Workout partners can help you do more so that you are always trying new things to keep challenging your body and to keep you from getting bored.
If you are starting to lose the motivation to work out, or you feel that your exercise routine has gotten stale, consider working out with a friend. You'll have more fun, find motivation to get to the gym, and push yourself harder when you're working out. At the end of the day, you'll get a good workout and spend some quality time with a friend.
Heather Green is a freelance writer for several regional magazines in North Carolina as well as a resident blogger for onlinenursingdegrees.org. Her writing experience includes fashion, business, health, agriculture and a wide range of other topics. Heather has just completed research on online asssociates degree in nursing and online nursing schools in pa.


text:
Q: How to get the array of all keys from the dictionary in the existing order?
Possible Duplicate:
How to sequentialy access a dictionary??

I have a dictionary , I want to reitrive all keys in an array with the same order which exist inside the dictionary . The documentation on "allKeys" method of NSDictionary says the order of returned objects in array is not defined . What can be done to get the keys in the same order as that of the dictionary .
Thanks a lot in advance !!

A: So the question you were pointed to summarises the issue nicely, but the solutions offered could be a little bit too complex for your needs (if you didn't want / have the time to write a sub-class or your own data structure).
The quick and dirty alternative is simple to have an array that contains all the keys you want to access in the order you want to access them in. You can then simply match this array back to your dictionary to pull out values in the correct order.


PALM SPRINGS – Work on repairing the world-famous Palm Springs Aerial Tram is progressing and is expected to be completed by March 31, which would tentatively allow an April 1 reopening, according to a news release.
The city of Palm Springs received 3.69 inches of rain, according to the National Weather Service. It was the wettest day in Palm Springs in 76 years.
Contractors will begin repairs to the main power line (to restore power to the Mountain Station) and repair the Valley Station's fire suppression system.
Crews are digging out dirt and debris currently blocking the intake valve to the Valley Station water tank. Once refilled and properly treated, potable water will be available at the Valley Station.
Following an initial partial assessment of damage done to the Palm Springs Aerial Tramway during the Valentine's Day storm, additional damage has been revealed.
In addition to the previously reported water damage at the Mountain Station, some minor roof damage has been discovered.
Additional minor damage to Tram Way has been identified.
On average, the ever-popular tramway seduces 3,500 people daily during holiday weekends and anywhere from 1,500 to 2,000 on normal days.
While repairs are underway, Tramway website visitors are being directed to attraction links on the websites of the Palm Springs Bureau of Tourism by clicking here and the Greater Palm Springs Convention and Visitors Bureau by clicking here.
For more information, please call 888.515.TRAM or 760.325.1391, or visit it by clicking here. Also, download the free mobile tour now available in the App Store/Google Play.