Lord Walker of Worcester: I share the view of my noble friend in relation to retaining paragraph (g). There have been a series of innovations in the history of the City of London over the decades that have given it enormous international strength. I can recall two such innovations. I was involved in the 1960s in the introduction of the first-ever equity-linked life policy in this country. All of the establishment in life insurance were against it and said that it was not safe and added to risk. However, I am pleased to say that over the years they followed our example.
In recent times we have seen direct selling of insurance. The established houses would say to their policy holders that the established insurance company, with branches all over the country, is much safer than the direct selling operations by Direct Line and other companies. In practice, it has been a great and successful innovation, bringing benefit to policy holders throughout the country.
I welcome the inclusion of paragraph (g) and hope that it will be retained.
Lord Kingsland : The Opposition Front Bench also supports the retention of paragraph (g). Two years ago there was a long debate during the passage of the Competition Bill on the relationship between the contents of paragraphs (f) and (g). The origin of paragraph (g) in this Bill is misplaced. Unlike the Bill, most of the industries that were the subject of the Competition Bill debate were nationalised industries.
They all started off as public monopolies that were then privatised following which the process of facilitating competition had to be injected into them by the regulators.
It was very clear that the draftsman of the Competition Bill, quite rightly, did not wish to give the responsibility of initiating competition to the Director-General of Fair Trading. In the Competition Bill there was a clear distinction between the task of the Director-General of Fair Trading, to deal with the traditional problems of competition, and the task of initiating competition, or facilitating the initiation of competition, which were issues for regulators. I am not sure that it can be said that paragraph (g) represents a long tradition, but in the world of regulatory operations two years is a long time. The Minister will be surprised that at least on this occasion I support the Government's position.
Lord McIntosh of Haringey: I should like to make it clear from the outset that I am not Don Cruickshank, and I shall resist the temptation to comment favourably or unfavourably on what he says. That does not mean, however, that I can resist the temptation to quote him when he seems to be supporting the Government--which I am sure is forgivable.
"The Review welcomes the progress the FSA has made in setting out how it will align its new regulatory approach with these objectives."
"The Government, in response, committed itself to securing that the FSA gave full weight to competition concerns and took account of the effect of its rules on competition in the light of market developments. It has since brought forward a number of amendments to the FSMB to achieve this".
My noble friend Lord Borrie used the description "a weak competition objective". He appeared to think that facilitating was the same as promoting. I rebut both those claims. This is not a weak competition objective; it is not a competition objective at all. Competition is a matter for the competition authorities. As I said at the outset, and as the noble Lord, Lord Jenkin, recognised, it is not the FSA's job to tell people how they should compete. The purpose is not to steer the FSA to tell the markets how they should operate where there are no consumer protection or market confidence concerns; it is to encourage it to remove unnecessary competition barriers, as in the earlier example in relation to removing unnecessary barriers to innovation.
are in place, this can only be a good thing. These matters are not so precisely covered by the requirement to measure the adverse effects of competition as they are in paragraph (f).
I do not accept that facilitating is the same as promoting; and I do not accept what my noble friend Lord Borrie says about exposure to risks. None of the examples that I have given involves any increase in exposure to risks. Clause 2(3)(f) does not override the FSA's duty to provide consumers with an appropriate level of protection. The point is simply that the desirability of facilitating competition is something to which the FSA should have regard in meeting its primary objectives, including consumer protection.
I am grateful to all noble Lords who have pointed out the different roles of the FSA, the Office of Fair Trading and the Competition Commission. There would be confusion between the three if the FSA did not have a competition objective, but the matters in Clause 2(3) do not concern the aims or purposes of regulation, because that is the role of the objectives, but the manner of regulation. As the noble Lord, Lord Jenkin stated, in discharging its general functions, the FSA shall have regard to the desirability of each of these items.
There are those who wish to remove paragraph (g) and those who wish to strengthen it--although they have not been so vocal today--but I think we have the right balance. I commend the amendment to the Committee.
Baroness Turner of Camden moved Amendment No. 51.
("(h) the desirability of facilitating as far as possible access to financial services for disadvantaged consumers.").
The noble Baroness said: I speak on this occasion as a consumer, although many years ago I worked for an insurance company and also had some connection with the PIA when I was chair of the PIA Ombudsman Council.
This is a probing amendment. It concerns the access of low income households to financial services. According to the National Consumer Council, which has kindly sent me some briefing, 1.5 million low income served households use no financial services at all. That is a serious matter.
Governments, including this Government, have increasingly turned away from social provision provided by state agencies, and the present thinking looks to the private sector to fill the gap. The Minister will not be surprised to hear from me that this is not a development that I welcome; nevertheless it appears to be a fact of life and we have to come to terms with it.
of Liverpool Victoria in my capacity as a member of an all-party financial services group. They informed us that they were no longer involved in this market because the amount of form-filling and general regulation involved in selling a £10 a month policy meant that the business was no longer profitable. Despite the criticisms often made of home service business, it did at least mean that poorer people had some access to financial services. But that is largely a thing of the past.
The Government recognise the need for suitable financial services to be available and accessible to consumers across a whole range of needs. I welcome the consumer protection objective, but it does not guarantee that the particular interests and needs of disadvantaged customers will be met or even properly considered. The FSA ought to be able to consider and act according to the interests of the most needy. This could, for example, involve cross-subsidy on the costs of regulation for smaller, non-profit-making organisations--perhaps credit unions. There could possibly be an information campaign to highlight products most suited to those on a low income.
Incidentally, I believe that mutual societies have done a much better job than the ordinary financial services industry in providing services to marginalised communities. I wish that some way could be found to protect mutuals from carpet-baggers. I looked very closely at the Bill but, unfortunately, I could not find a way of writing an amendment that would enable me to raise the issue. No doubt I lack the appropriate technical expertise. Nevertheless, I draw the attention of the Committee to that issue because it is a pity that such mutual societies are disappearing. In view of the social role played by financial services, it seems that a statutory requirement to facilitate access for the disadvantaged would be appropriate. I beg to move.
Lord Newby: I rise to express my support for the arguments put forward by the noble Baroness, Lady Turner. In doing so, I shall speak also to Amendment No. 61. Amendment No. 51 was moved in almost identical terms by my colleague Dr Cable in another place. In replying to his arguments, which were almost identical to those advanced by the noble Baroness, the Minister in the other place said that the Bill did not need such a provision for two reasons: first, there was already a consumer awareness objective in Clause 4; and, secondly, the consumer protection objective in Clause 5 had a bearing on the issue and, therefore, the amendment was simply unnecessary.
whole raft of considerations to which the authority must have regard but there is nothing specific there about disadvantaged consumers.
Therefore, we have tabled an amendment not to amend the earlier part of the Bill but to amend Clause 5, which already specifies a number of types of consumer and types of business to which the FSA must pay particular attention. We believe that the interests of the disabled or chronically sick, pensioners, individuals on low incomes and individuals residing in rural areas should be mentioned specifically in the Bill so that the FSA has a positive duty in this area. In doing so, we chose our words relatively carefully. The amendment employs exactly the wording in both the Utilities Bill and Postal Services Bill as regards dealing with disadvantaged consumers. Quite frankly, if such wording is good enough for those Bills, we cannot see why it should not be included in this legislation.
One of the key thoughts in our mind is that, among the plethora of considerations that the FSA has to take into account, the concern for disadvantaged consumers should be given greater weight. There is also the question which may or may not be a problem in reality but, which, nevertheless, concerns both us and the National Consumer Council; namely, the extent to which the FSA can under this legislation do the kind of thing that it may wish to do to support disadvantaged consumers.
"to achieve its full potential to offer low-cost efficient financial services to local people, and make an important contribution to offset the serious problem of financial exclusion".
We agree; indeed, there could be cases where the cross- subsidy on the costs of regulation might be relevant to credit unions. However, in the absence of a statutory requirement to aid disadvantaged consumers, the FSA might find it hard to justify such measures in the future. Moreover, the authority might feel constrained from funding information campaigns that specifically highlight products most suited to those on low incomes or that warn elderly people to guard against unfair sales practices. When considering such issues, we must bear in mind that there have been many examples of unfair sales practices.
In our view, the argument for encouraging disadvantaged people to take up financial products and financial services, especially where they find it very difficult to do so, is an extremely strong one. The argument for the FSA having this as an explicit duty is equally strong. By not adding to the objectives of the authority but simply specifying a distinct group of consumers who need particular protection and care, we believe that Amendment No. 61 should be welcomed by the Government.
and availability of banking services that affected a significant part of the population. I saw various estimates of numbers, but I never saw an estimate lower than 20 per cent. Driven as they are by the demands of their shareholders, and however much their management would like to do so on personal grounds, it is very difficult for the mainstream banks to pursue areas of banking activity that, though not immediately profitable, would benefit the health of society as a whole.
I realise that there may be difficulties in the extent to which the FSA can act to implement such amendments. That is possibly one of the reasons why the noble Baroness tabled this as a probing amendment. However, I can see areas that the authority could consider in terms of financial education. Indeed, the noble Baroness mentioned the encouragement of credit unions.
There is also one other area for consideration in this respect. In the United States--the home of the free markets--there is, none the less, legislation that requires mainstream banks to engage in a proportion of community redevelopment banking activity. When I surveyed the US scene it seemed to me to be healthy and, interestingly enough, to be capable, when properly handled, of generating profitable clients. I do not pretend that this is an easy issue because it goes with the wider issues of inadequate literacy and numeracy across the board, to which Sir Claus Moser drew our attention with such clarity last year. I have sympathy with the desirability of an amendment that would give the FSA not only the obligation but also, as the noble Lord, Lord Newby, said, the express freedom to be active in these areas.


PASSION, PRIDE, AMBITION - IT'S IN OUR DNA!
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Barry Webber, Chief Executive, said, "We operate in a hugely competitive market where Premier League clubs, namely Arsenal and Spurs, dominate the local fanbase.
"Stevenage FC is a young, progressive Club and more adaptable to the modern world than those with no brand equity. So we've evaluated and created a brand DNA that can run through the blood of the Club to help galvanise support and use influential fans to attract new one.
"This is an opportunity for Stevenage FC to do things differently and get noticed because what we know is that engaged fans are also much more likely to start to take part in a conversations about Stevenage FC, and share its content.
You can watch our new flagship brand film below. If it makes you feel as proud about Boro as it does for us, help spread the word about Stevenage FC by sharing the film among family and friends by email and social media. Tweet us your reaction on Twitter or leave us a comment on Facebook!
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type of gimmick, it is the reality of what our current part-time job team members are currently making! We only provide legitimate opportunities that are certified legitimate that requires a small amount of effort. We guarantee quality real jobs branded companies only. Typing as little as 60 minutes a day, can earn over 100 or more, a day! Written and brought to you by CV Writers, Guardian Jobs' CV partner. If you are determined, and desire a legitimate opportunity to work from home, then our program will give you the direction to achieve your goals.


This beautiful district of West Bengal is home to the most famous place named Shantiniketan which is the place of great Indian literary figure, Rabindranath Tagore. This superb district has a great importance in agricultural field which makes rice is the major crop harvested here. Other important information about Birbhum district is given bellow.
Birbhum district is situated in West Bengal in the northernmost region of the Burdwan district. It is cleared that the district has been in existence since pre-historic period from archaeological survey. This place is roughly triangular-shaped district is very much popular for Shantiniketan, a major tourist attraction in all of West Bengal. This place is also famous for composing many literature by Rabindranath Tagore. Shantiniketan now became a university campus home to the Vishwa Bharati University. Tarapith is also a superb pilgrimage centre placed here.
Birbhum district is placed in the northernmost part of the Bardhaman district in the state of West Bengal. Graphical representation shows the district is located between 23 degrees 32 minutes and 24 degrees 35 minutes north latitude and 88 degrees 1 minute east with 87 degrees 5 minutes east longitude. The base of this triangle shaped district is built by the river Ajay. Covering a total area of 4545 Sq. Kms, Boundry for the Birbhum district consists of Santhal Parganas in the north and West, by the Murshidabad district and Bardhaman district in the east and by Bardhaman on the south. It is spaced apart by the Ajay River.
Birbhum is one of the important district in the Rarh area with a considerable region under an undulating topography in the western region of the district. It is basically an agriculture-based district. The district has a great importance in the field of agriculture including the gradual development of irrigation sector. Rice is the major crop harvest in this district which occupies about 70 percent of the grossed cropped region including other majort crops like wheat, potato, mustard, vegetables, sugarcane and pulses. Mainly there are two major irrigation foundation in this district. Out of them Mayurkhshi Reservoir Project is the largest and Hinglow River Project is the other biggest project.
One of the advantageous location of Birbhum District besiding the rich industrial area of Durgapur and Asansol. The district is well linked with good roadways. The Panagarh - Moregram Road of about 150 Km connecting two National High ways has a great role in improving the economy of this district. A huge adequate land is placed for setting up industries and other projects. More over this district is the land for many mineral resources like china clay, stone, coal, quartz and feldspar with various geothermal resources. There is also plenty of scope available for setting up mineral based industries.
There are a number of places of interest situated in the Birbhum district. The major attraction present here is Shantiniketan. It is the place where the great literate Rabindranath Tagore lived and worked on many of his most famous literary pieces. It is now becoming an University town, namely the Visva- Bharati University. A huge number of seasonal festivals are celebrated in this district with great pomp and vigour. Among with them some places of pilgrimage called piths also provides a great pleasant to their tourists in the district. These beautiful piths in the Birbhum district are placed at Tarapith, Bakreshwar, Kaklitala, Labpur etc.


text:
Han Myeong-sook, född 24 mars 1944 i Heijō (nuv. Pyongyang, var premiärminister i Sydkorea 2006-2007. Hon tillhörde det Förenade nya demokratiska partiet och var Sydkoreas första kvinnliga premiärminister. Hon avgick som premiärminister 2007 med avsikt att ställa upp i presidentvalet 2007, men förlorade valet.

Källor

Kvinnor
Födda 1944
Levande personer
Sydkoreas premiärministrar
WP:Projekt Korea
Personer från Pyongyang

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The mini-gastric one-anastomosis bypass has gained popularity during the past five years. This bariatric procedure is a safe, effective, re-visible and surgically simple with less chance of a leak.
Developed by Dr. Robert Rutledge in the United States in 1997, the mini-gastric one-anastomosis bypass (MGB) is a bariatric operation that is safe, effective and fast. In the past 5 years, the MGB has taken a slow turn in popularity increasing steadily. Led by Drs. Rutledge and Jean-Marc Chevallier (the French bariatric society President – SOFCO) an international MGB conference with 55 world experts was held in October 2012. Overwhelming international requests were reason enough to have a second conference in Paris in October 2013. This conference brought together 35 MGB surgeons from 13 countries to learn and educate on the procedure. Prof. Pradeep Chowbey (the immediate past president of the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity was the Chair for the conference. Prof. Chobey is considered to be the father of bariatric and laparoscopic surgery in India. Due to the reports of excellent results, the surgeries are becoming more popular.
There was reported experience by the attendees of the MGB consensus in other bariatric operations such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric banding (GB).
There are two components to the laparoscopic operation (Figure 1) starting with a restrictive lesser-curvature gastric pouch and then a 200cm or longer jejunal bypass containing an antecolic gastro-jejunostomy (GJ) anastomosis, both leading to at malabsorption that is substantial.
At the junction of the body and the atrium, the lesser curvature of the stomach is identified. At first, the stomach is stapler-divided to the lesser curvature, distal to the crow's foot. Passed by the anesthetist is a 28-40fr bougie followed by the stomach being stapler-divided parallel and upward to the lesser curvature. The surgeon divides the stomach lateral to the angle of His with an approach to the gastro-esophageal (GE) junction. Unlike in the SG operation, the cardio in the MGB is avoided and not dissected.
To identify the ligament of Treitz the focus is turned to the left gutter and the momentum is retracted medially and run to ~200 cm distal to Treitz' ligament is the bowel. The distal tip of the gastric sleeve is anastomosed anti-colic end-to-side to the jejunum.
During the surgery issue such as hiatal hernias are left untouched. It is typical for MGB to be effective at improving GE reflux disease (GERD) believed to be because of the traction which the GJ anastomosis gives the gastric pouch. This resolves the patient's obesity and reduces the cardio within the abdomen. There is little apparent dilation of the MGB because there is no narrowing of the outlet by a stoma or pylorus.
The length of the bypass might vary depending on the MGB surgeon conducting the procedure. Those patients that are very obese or that are very tall might have a GJ performed >250 cm distal to Treitz' ligament. In some cases such as Tacchino's group from Italy has performed >600 MGBs. Some have reported that leaving a larger gastric pouch and creating a GJ 300cm that is proximal to the ileocecal valve is useful. The majority of surgeons are in agreement that the GJ needs to be at least 200-300 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve in order to provide adequate nutrition to the patient.
Caballero and Cabrajo were presented by Flores from Mexico. This is the process where an antireflux valve is created on the afferent side of the GJ then sutures are added between the sleeve and afferent limb, inhibiting reflux. Through surveys of the attendees of the event, it has shown that 80% of the surgeons use the Rutledge measurements and method, 10% use the Carbajo antireflux method while 5% use the Tacchino 300-cm common limb.
If the weight loss is inadequate or excess during the process, the surgeon can modify the MGB by moving the anastomosis distally or proximally. Constructing a longer sleeve nearly to pylorus is the process that Bhanderi of India takes. Using robotics to perform the procedure is common for Prasad of India.
It is now common for the MGB to be performed post SG operation in order to regain weight. It is the consensus that the gastric pouch cannot be short for the MGB because it is opposite of the small proximal pouch of the RYGB. By creating a small or short gastric pouch in the MGB the old style Mason loop gastric bypass would be recreated and may cause bile reflux. The longer gastric pouch necessity was stated repeatedly by the presenters during the conference.
During the pre-conference, a SurveyMonkey® questionnaire was handed out for answers and discussions. This largely academic surgical group carefully records data due to some early skepticism in its success. The results of the survey showed that 16,651 MGBs where performed by those that attended the conference. The average preoperative BMI showed to be 46.14.1 (SD) (range 38-62). The mean operating time showed to be 80.3 ±24.9 minutes (range 38-130). There was only 0.03% or 5 patients with leaks reported showing as less than the proximal leaks that follow SG operations. The average hospital stay for patients with the procedure showed to be 3.2 ±1.6 days (range 1.1-6.0).
The use of methylene blue or air test decreased with experience during surgery and the use of drain decreased as well as the experience grew. Most patients were mobile a few hours after the surgery.
At 1 year in 91.4 ±4.9% (range 82-96) diabetes had resolved. Peraglie reported that there was a resolution of co-morbidities and improvement in the quality of life as based on a personal experience with 1,400 MGBs, Cady with 2,500 MGBs Musella with 1,000 MGBs, Chevallier with 888 MGBs, Kular with 1,200 MGBs, W.J. Lee with >1,000 MGBs and Tacchino with 600 MGBs.
Bowel obstruction rarely occurred according to the survey with a 0.15 ±0.36% (range 0–1) none of which was a result of an internal hernia. No intractable hypoglycemia has been reported.
In order to reduce the risk of marginal ulcer development, it is important that the MGB is not performed on smokers, those that drink alcohol heavily or those that take salicylates. Patients in Kular, India appear to drink whiskey with no reported ill results, but the RYGB allows for more rapid absorption of alcohol.


Robyn Benincasa is the founder of World Class Teams, a world champion adventure racer, a CNN Hero, former corporate sales expert and a full time firefighter who advises organizations on building World Class Teams of their own. One of the highest rated female speakers who regularly shares the stage with world leaders and business icons, her customers include many Fortune companies like Starbucks, Deloitte, Aflac, Fast Company, Boeing, Lockheed Martin, ARAMARK, Siemens, 3M, Coldwell Banker, Ameriprise, Microsoft, AT&T. With a background in marketing, she was previously in corporate sales with Baxter and Allergan and is currently a full-time firefighter. World Champion Eco-Challenge Adventure Racer, CNN Hero, Founder of the Project Athena Foundation (Survivors to Athletes!), 3x Guinness World Record Distance Paddler and proud owner of 2 metal 'bionic hips', Robyn definitely knows a thing or two about creating Human Synergy - "that magic that allows groups of ordinary people to accomplish extraordinary things together." Her New York Times best-selling book How Winning Works, published by Harlequin has been reviewed as "an excellent resource for all business owners on approaching challenges with a team mentality."
NBC, ABC, CNN, ESPN, USA Network, The Today Show, Live With Regis, Dateline NBC, The Discovery Channel, Vogue, Harpers Bazaar, Runners World and Outside Magazine have all featured Robyn and her teams' amazing accomplishments. And Robyn accepts full blame for inspiring people to do insane things like climb Mount Kilimanjaro, run their first triathlon, start their own adventure racing teams, hike across the Grand Canyon with a group of Survivors, or start their own businesses.
The 8 Essential Elements of Human Synergy. What do the world's most successful teams have in common? --- The ability to upgrade their "teamwork" to Human Synergy! If your goal is to increase performance by inspiring your team to adapt, overcome, and win as ONE, this keynote is the perfect message to set the tone for your event. Through her 8 Essential Elements of Human Synergy keynote, Eco-Challenge Adventure Racing World Champion and San Diego Firefighter Robyn Benincasa takes your team on a fast-paced multimedia adventure that visually and viscerally imparts the attitude and mindset that allows groups of ordinary people to accomplish truly extraordinary feats together...especially when the stakes are high, the goals are audacious, and constant change is the only thing your team can count on (aside from one another!).
Attendees will leave the room buzzing with inspired ideas about how to raise their team to the next level against all odds, both personally and professionally, and take home some simple and easily applied skills that will allow them to create Human Synergy with all of the teammates in their lives. There is an old proverb that says "If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together." But the stories and videos that Robyn shares from the most epic, entertaining and meaningful moments in the sport of Adventure Racing will leave your team with a deep understanding that with true Human Synergy they will go farther AND faster in pursuit of their goals!
Why Winners Win. What are the four most common attributes of people who make a lifelong habit of winning? Inspired by a Fast Company magazine article entitled 'Extreme Teamwork,' which featured Robyn's team of World Champion adventure athletes as well as "Winners" from all walks of life, Robyn's 'Why Winners Win' keynote outlines the common traits, attitudes and mindset of the world's most consistently high performing leaders in their eternal pursuit of world class results. The 'Best of the Best' experience times of great challenge and change just like everyone else. But with characteristic Courage, Luck (Opportunity + Preparation), Adversity Management Skills, and a keen ability to create Synergy with their colleagues, Winners possess the ability to continually motivate and inspire themselves and those around them to the top of the podium in any endeavor. The icing on the cake of the Why Winners Win keynote? Attendees will experience the thrill of peak performance and exceptional leadership through Robyn's incredible stories and breathtaking video footage of extreme teams in action, and they will leave energized and empowered to create consistent world class results in every aspect of their lives!
Leading Through Change. Change is the only thing that stays the same. It is our response to that change that dictates our success. How do the world's most consistently high performing leaders ALWAYS find a way to get the finish line and achieve their goals against all odds? Are they lucky, blessed or immune to setbacks? Nope. Great leaders experience times of great turbulence, challenge and change in every aspect of their lives--but it is their attitude and mindset that carries them and their teammates to greater heights in the FACE of that change. Leading through Change means Being Ruled by the Hope of Success versus the Fear of Failure, Embracing Setbacks as a Chance to Learn and Excel, and Never Letting the Pursuit of Perfection Hinder Progress. In her Leading Through Change keynote Robyn shares incredible stories and videos from the worlds of Adventure Racing and firefighting that illustrate how great leaders succeed against all odds and triumph in the face of adversity.
S=Synergy --Seeing one another as TEAMMATES vs simply colleagues. We are better...together!
A=Adapt-- Situational awareness, focus on what it takes to "win" when it comes to safety/survival versus "not lose"
Attendees will go home feeling truly inspired and empowered to keep themselves and their teammates safe because they 'want' to, not because they 'have' to.


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Q: Concat two WinJS.Binding.List into one I am trying to combine 2 WinJS.Binding.List into one. I saw the .concat method on MSDN, but it doesn't seem to work. Can somebody show me how to do it?
Input:
var a = new WinJS.Binding.List([1,2])
var b = new WinJS.Binding.List([3,4])

Expected output: a WinJS.Binding.List that has number 1,2,3,4 in it.
I tried a.concat(b), but it returns a 3-element array instead of a WinJS.Binding.List. Here is the logs in console.
var a = new WinJS.Binding.List([1,2])
var b = new WinJS.Binding.List([3,4])
a.concat(b)
==> [object Array][...]

Any ideas why and how to do it correctly?
P.S. I know I can loop through every item in b and push into a, but is there a more efficient way of doing it? I also don't want to concat the array before converting them into WinJS.Binding.List because I am making 2 async calls from 2 different data source. The code above is just a simplified example.

A: You could grab the 2 arrays from the list (using slice), concat them and then create a new list.
var a = new WinJS.Binding.List([1, 2]);
var b = new WinJS.Binding.List([3, 4]);
var ab = new WinJS.Binding.List(a.slice(0).concat(b.slice(0)));

Can also use the list concat method (as opposed to the native js concat) to make it a little shorter:
var a = new WinJS.Binding.List([1, 2]);
var b = new WinJS.Binding.List([3, 4]);
var ab = new WinJS.Binding.List(a.concat(b.slice(0)));

A: From your description, I'll assume that your data is returned from different sources and is either (a) already in separate WinJS.Binding.List instances, making a projection unfeasible or (b) semantically different enough to warrant storage in separate List instances.
In that case, my approach would probably be to synchronize the joined list using event listeners along the lines of:
[list1, list2].forEach (list) ->
  list.oniteminserted = (event) -> joinedList.push(event.detail.value)
  list.onitemremoved = (event) -> joinedList.splice(joinedList.indexOf(event.detail.value),1)

(To be replaced with addEventListener and corresponding removeEventListener for added complexity ;)) The drawback in this method is that you have little control over the order of the items in the final list, which would warrant another sort predicate, i.e. further overhead in this model.
In the end it may very well be that a good old .forEach (item) -> joinedList.push(item) on both lists is the most straightforward and appropriate way to solve this.
Edit: to go a bit more into my suggestion of using a projection, I had in mind something like this:
# put all items in the "big" list
item1.source = 'list1'
joinedList.push(item1)
item2.source = 'list2'
joinedList.push(item2)
# create separate lists using projection
list1 = joinedList.createFiltered (i) -> i.source is 'list1'
list2 = joinedList.createFiltered (i) -> i.source is 'list2'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Take the medications at the right dosages: you are (obviously) likely to suffer more side-effects if you overdose on the medications. So stick to the minimum effective doses.
Take the medications at the right frequencies: like if, for instance, you are instructed to take the medications once every six hours, you need to avoid a situation where you end up taking consecutive doses after four hours. The objective here is to avoid ending up with too high a concentration of the medication in your body, leading to unpleasant side effects.
Follow the medication usage instructions carefully: if, for instance, you are instructed to take the medications with plenty of water, do so – otherwise you will suffer more of the side effects. Or if you are told to take the medications on a full tummy, do so – or otherwise you will experience more of the side effects. Just try to follow the instructions carefully. There is surely no reason as to why you would fail to follow medication usage instructions. After all if, for instance, you work for a company like Walmart, you are inclined to follow Walmart1login instructions carefully every time you wish to view your Walmart1 schedule. You should similarly be keen on following medication usage instructions more carefully – knowing that the stakes here are much higher.
Use the right medication for the right purpose: like if, for instance, you decide to use a cough syrup to get 'high', or you decide to use a painkiller to numb emotional pain, you would be abusing the medication. And by so doing, you would be setting yourself up for nasty side effects in the long run.
Talk to your doctor about the potential side effects: the idea here is to get the physician to explain to you what the potential side effects are, and whether there are other alternative medications you can use with fewer/less sever side effects.
Subsidizing the medications: the objective here would be to ensure that the cost of the essential medications is lowered to a level where even the poor people can afford it. The challenge here would, of course, be in figuring out who should benefit from the subsidy and who shouldn't. Take, for instance, a fellow who works as a porter for a company like UPS. For sure, he has a job. On a fortnightly basis, he goes to the UPSers.com login screen, signs in, and proceeds to find a paycheck. But given the fact that he is just a porter, you can be sure that the paycheck he finds at Upsers.com is bound to be very modest. And if he is a temporary worker, he may not be eligible for health insurance either. So would such a person be eligible for the medication subsidy – notwithstanding the fact that he has a job? Those are the difficult question that arise while dealing with these sorts of subsidies.
Making cheap generic versions of medications available: it possible to find a generic version of a drug costing just 10% of what the 'original' costs. So the poor are able to afford it comfortably. The problem is in the fact that pharmaceutical industry lobbyists may be opposed to programs that make generic medications easily available.
Providing free health insurance to the poor: this can be modeled along the same lines as the American Medicaid program.
Setting up charity hospitals for the poor: these would be places where the poorest of the poor would be able to access the essential medications at absolutely no cost. You have to appreciate that even if the medications are subsidized, we still have the absolutely poor people – the poorest of the poor — who wouldn't be in a position to afford them.
Identifying a vendor to import the medications from: this would entail undertaking research, to identify vendors who sell the types of medications you need on the international market. You need to be careful, to ensure that the vendors you identify are reputable people. Remember, this is the sort of venture where you can easily be scammed. So you need to undertake proper due diligence.
Getting a price quote from the vendor: having identified a potential vendor, you ask him to give you a price quote for the type (and number) of medications you need.
Making an order for the medications you require: this will typically entail raising an international purchase order for the medications.
Paying for the medications: you may need to make an international bank transfer (through the SWIFT system or some other such system) for the medications. So you first obtain the funds you need to finance the importation of the medications. You may, for instance, decide to spend your entire paycheck to finance the importation. Thus, you'd first go to paperlesspay.talx.com to check if the paycheck is ready – that is, if you receive your paychecks through Securitas Epay. If the paycheck is ready, you can then transfer the funds into a bank account, and subsequently proceed to make an international transfer (via, say, SWIFT) to the medications vendor.
Having the medications shipped: having received an order for the medications (alongside the necessary payment), the vendor should then proceed to initiate the shipment of the medication to you. Usually, medications are shipped via air freight.
Clearing the medications with customs: once the medications are shipped, you will have to get them cleared at the customs point of entry. You may be required to fill in some paperwork, and to pay some taxes at this stage.
Having the medications tested for safety: sometimes, the local authorities will demand to subject the imported medications to safety tests, before they are allowed into the market. You may have to pay for the testing. And if the medications don't pass the safety test, you may have no choice but to see them get destroyed – because a responsible government can't watch its people being given harmful substances.
People who are involved in dispensing medications tend to have one major fear. This is the fear that the patients may not use the medications in the right manner. And it is a well-founded fear — for numerous studies have shown that patients do indeed have a tendency not to use medications in the right manner. And when patients fail to use medications in the right manner, many things can go wrong. For instance, the medications may fail to work the way they are supposed to. We are all conversant with the emerging trend where antibiotic resistance is increasing all over the world. It is mostly as a result of patients using lower dosages than they are instructed, or patients ceasing to use the medications when they start feeling better (even before completing their doses). But it can get worse. In the worst cases, the patients may end up overdosing themselves, sometimes with tragic results.
Give medication usage instructions clearly: if you go to pharmacies and other places from where medications are dispensed, you will notice that the medication usage instructions are usually given in a hurried manner. We need to depart from this. The instructions for the usage of medications have to be given slowly and clearly. The important instructions may actually need to be repeated severally, for them to sink in. In this regard, we need to learn from the bankers. The bankers tend to give instructions to their clients very slowly and clearly. You will notice this, for instance, after applying for a Premier credit card (when going to pick it up). The bankers will go to great lengths, in telling you how you should use it, how to protect your PIN, how to repay the balances… and so on. Pharmacists need to be similarly patient, when giving medication usage instructions to the patients.
Educate the patients on the consequences: sometimes, people fail to use medications in the right manner simply because they are unaware of the consequences. If people are educated on the consequences of failing to use medications in the right manner, they are unlikely to misuse the medications. So it is just a question of sensitizing people on the consequences they stand to suffer, if they fail to use medications in the right manner.
Like any other medical facility, a charity hospital has to be stocked with certain medications. But a charity hospital is unlike other medical facilities, when it comes to finances. You see, other medical facilities are able to generate revenues internally, by charging patients for the medical services offered. A charity hospital, on the other hand, usually has to rely on donor funds. It is through the donor funds that it is able to buy medications and other supplies it needs to operate. A charity hospital is often short of funds. Hardly will you come across a charity hospital that has all the money it needs to procure medications and other medical supplies necessary for optimum service delivery. Consequently, certain special considerations come into play, when buying medications for a charity hospital.
Often, a charity hospital has to buy the cheapest versions of the various medications. This is where the question of buying generic medications arises. The generic medications are just as effective as the 'originals', but they cost much less.
It makes sense, when buying medications for a charity hospital, to inform the drug vendors about the nature of the hospital you are buying drugs for. If the vendors learn that you are buying medications for a charity hospital, they may be inclined to sell the drugs at a lower price than would otherwise be the case. Sometimes, as part of their corporate social responsibility, they may even decide to give the charity hospital certain medications for free. You realize that the pharmaceutical companies tend to pay a lot of attention to corporate social responsibility. The workers in healthcare companies are taught that, as part of their in-house training. That, for instance, may be part of what new CVS employees learn, on the myhr CVS learnet portal. Ultimately, by just mentioning that you are buying medications for a charity hospital, you may get the best possible deal.
By buying medications for a charity hospital in bulk, there is a possibility of saving quite a bit of money. This is a question of buying the medications at wholesale prices, and the potential savings are huge.
Sometimes, it is a good idea to buy the sorts of medications that have multiple uses – you know, things like the broad spectrum medications. There are certain instances where you find a single medication that is capable of treating a dozen conditions. Buying such a medication may be better than buying different medications for the different conditions. The medical team running the charity hospital can provide the right advice in this regard, based on their expertise and with the best interests of patients at heart.
The business of manufacturing generic medications is a potentially lucrative one. It is also a business that gives you an opportunity to serve humanity – by providing low cost medications to people who wouldn't otherwise have been able to afford the 'original' patented brands. Now there are 5 things you need to have, when venturing into this business of manufacturing generic medications. We will now proceed to look at those things.
The medication formulas: all medications are manufactured following certain formulas. These formulas dictate the ingredients to be used in the manufacture of the drugs, and in what proportions. You need to make a decision on the specific generic medications you will be manufacturing. Then you need to undertake the necessary research, to get the formulas for all those drugs.
The necessary licenses: before starting to manufacture drugs, you need to have certain licenses. These licenses are not easy to obtain. But if you meet all the requirements, and you have all the necessary connections, you can eventually get them. You just need to be a bit tenacious.
Equipment: you need to have certain machines, before embarking on the manufacture of generic medications. Having made decisions on the generic medications you are to manufacture, you need to come up with a list of all the machines you will require. Then you need to buy (or lease) such machines, before embarking on the venture.
Suitable premises: you need to have special premises, to be able to manufacture medications. The manufacture of medications is not like other manufacturing ventures. It requires special premises, in special locations. But if you have adequate capital, it shouldn't be too hard for you to get suitable premises.
Skilled manpower: you need to have a good workforce, with pharmacists, pharmaceutical technologists and other support staff, before starting to manufacture generic medications. There are many people with the right qualifications, looking for work in these sorts of fields. Therefore, as long as you are offering decent terms, you shouldn't have too much of a problem getting the people you need.


Quite a lot got announced this week, guys. In case you missed them, there are now two more Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 models – one with an 8-inch and one with a 10.1-inch screen. The Samsung Galaxy S4 Active was also introduced officially just days ago. However, that's just the tip of the iceberg. From camp Asus comes a squadron of tablets, including a brand new Fonepad model. The week brought us plenty of leaks as well, including some clear photos of the Nokia EOS cameraphone monster and the first images of the HTC One "mini".
Jun 03, 2013, 3:56 AM, by Daniel P.
Jun 03, 2013, 3:59 AM, by Nick T.
Jun 03, 2013, 1:01 PM, by Alan F.
Is this a picture of iOS 7?
Jun 03, 2013, 4:52 PM, by Alan F.
Jun 05, 2013, 3:35 AM, by Daniel P.
Jun 05, 2013, 6:52 AM, by Nick T.
Jun 05, 2013, 6:00 PM, by Alan F.
Jun 04, 2013, 2:59 AM, by Daniel P.
Jun 03, 2013, 2:22 AM, by Daniel P.
Jun 03, 2013, 2:49 AM, by Daniel P.
Jun 03, 2013, 3:07 AM, by Daniel P.
Jun 04, 2013, 10:19 PM, by Michael H.
Jun 06, 2013, 8:12 PM, by Michael H.


text:
Frédéric Galofaro, né le  à Voiron, est un pilote de rallye français.

Biographie

Vainqueur du Volant Rallye Jeunes 2002, la plus importante sélection de pilotes de rallye en France, il est remarqué en championnat de France de rallye, avec des brillants résultats. En 2000, il a également gagné la sélection volant Stéphane Sarrazin et a participé à plusieurs manches du championnat de France de Rallyes Terre.

Il réside à Saint-Laurent-du-Pont (Isère).

Palmarès
Débuts en compétition en 1997
 1997 : Citroën AX Gti, Gr N, 8 rallyes, 7 podiums;
 1998 : Citroën AX Gti, Gr N, 9 rallyes, 8 podiums;
 1999 : Citroën AX Gti, Gr N, 9 rallyes dont 2 du championnat de France (Lyon Charbonnières, Cévennes), 6 podiums ; Finaliste de la sélection nationale Volant Rallye Jeunes;
 2000 : Citroën AX Gti, Gr N, 9 rallyes, dont 2 du championnat de France (Mt Blanc, Vins de Mâcon), 8 podiums dont la victoire de classe au Mont-Blanc ; Finaliste de la sélection nationale Volant Rallye Jeunes ; Finaliste et vainqueur du Volant Stephane Sarrazin;
 2001 : Peugeot 106, Gr A, 9 rallyes dont 2 du championnat de France, 5 podiums ; Finaliste et vainqueur de la finale nationale du Volant Rallye Jeunes;
 2002 : Peugeot 206, Gr A, 5 rallyes du championnat de France Super 1600 dans le cadre du « volant 206 WRC »;
 2008 : moniteur de pilotage rallyes et circuit.

Liens externes
 Frédéric Galofaro sur www.ewrc-results.com (partiel);
 Frédéric Galofaro sur www.rallybase.nl (partiel).

Naissance en août 1976
Naissance à Voiron
Pilote de rallye français


text:
Home » Magazine » Issue 38 » From Russia With LAV
From Russia With LAV
James Rupley
Story and Photos By James Rupley With Commentary from Larry Vickers and Ian McCollum
The Soviet Union was responsible for the most iconic and ubiquitous rifle in the world, introducing the Avtomat Kalashnikova in the late 1940s. While the Soviet Union is no more, in Russia, the Kalashnikov Concern carries on the legacy of its namesake.
Earlier this year, Larry Vickers and I traveled to Russia to finish photography for our newest book release in the Vickers Guide series. Our goal was to see not only current small arms offerings in Russia but also to document historic Kalashnikov-type rifles dating back to just after the Second World War. This juxtaposition of old and new would be a theme throughout our entire time in Russia.
Maxim Popenker greeted us when we arrived in Moscow. A native of St. Petersburg ("Peter" to the locals), Maxim created the well-known World Guns website (world.guns.ru), now operating as ModernFirearms.net. Before Wikipedia became such a thorough, albeit error-prone, repository for firearms information, World Guns was often the first destination for Internet searches on guns — frankly it still should be.
Maxim showed us around Moscow, first taking us to the new monument to Mikhail Kalashnikov, the father of the AK-47, in the center of Moscow. Unveiled in September 2017, the monument features a larger-than-life statue to the storied designer and a metal plaque depicting some of his creations. The original plaque included a sculpture of an exploded view of the German MKb42(H), a predecessor of the legendary Sturmgewehr assault rifle. Ostensibly, it had been intended by the uninformed sculptor to be an illustration of an AK-47, yet the mistake highlighted longstanding debate about the Sturmgewehr's influence on the AK's development. The erroneous portion was at the edge of the plaque and was subsequently cut off, leaving some visible traces of the original. In fact, the worker doing these "repairs" was initially arrested by local police for defacing a public monument!
Just two hours by plane east of Moscow is the city of Izhevsk. Situated on the Izh River, Izhevsk has been a significant metalworks town since the 1700s. During the Napoleonic era, Izhevsk became an armory city, manufacturing firearms for Russian Imperial troops. Its location fairly deep inside Russian territory has been key to its continued importance as an arms producer for the military, particularly during the Second World War as German troops advanced across the Soviet frontier.
The AK-15 was modernized to improve accuracy and options for mounting optics. Note the combined front sight/gas block and tensioned top cover design with an integral rail.
For fans of Russian and Soviet small arms, Izhevsk is notable as the home of one of the three most widely known arsenals in Russia — Izhevsk Machine Engineering Plant, Factory #74, more commonly known as "IZHMASH." Along with Tula and Molot, the other two members of this trifecta, IZHMASH was a major producer of Kalashnikov rifle variants — notably the original AK-47 rifle and subsequent AK, AKM, AK-74, AK-100 series, and more. Mikhail Kalashnikov lived and worked here once the AK-47 was to be prepared for serial production.
An AK-47 "trials gun," one of the oldest Kalashnikovs in the world. From the initial military trials in 1947 and 1948, it features a combination muzzle brake and front sight.
We photographed some of the oldest Kalashnikovs in existence — AK-47 rifles from the initial military trials in 1947 and 1948. These "trials guns" can be identified by their prototype combination muzzle brake/front sight assembly — discarded before large-scale production began in 1949. Technically, only the original experimental rifles that won army trials in 1947 and the approximately 1,500 rifles produced in Izhevsk in 1948 for military field trials are properly designated "AK-47" rifles. What Americans typically refer to as the "Type 1, 2, or 3 AK-47" is simply designated "Avtomat Kalashnikova" (or "AK") in official Soviet documents.
IZHMASH is essentially a city within a city, completely encompassing numerous blocks with rows of factories — some old, some quite modern. It operates today under new ownership and under the "Kalashnikov Concern" brand. Kalashnikov Concern initiated a multiyear modernization program to improve profitability, streamline production, and upgrade product offerings. While they continue to produce some of the legacy IZHMASH products, they've launched numerous exciting new ones.
Kalashnikov Concern's corporate offices in the 18th century Vsevolozhsky Manor in Moscow.
The AK-12 and AK-15 (5.45x39mm and 7.62x39mm, respectively) modernized Kalashnikov-type rifles went through the "Ratnik" trials held by the Russian Army in 2013, as part of a diverse modernization program for soldiers. They've been redesigned to improve accuracy and optics mounting options, with a nonremovable gas tube and a removable gas plug for maintenance, combination front sight/gas block (similar to the AK-104), newly designed pistol grip with internal storage, and a new tensioned top cover design with integral rail for optics. Arising out of the AK-12 is the new RPK-16, intended as a RPK-74 replacement. Other interesting products are the SVCh (possible successor to the SVD), SR-1 rifle in 5.56x45mm with counterbalanced recoil system, AM-17 compact rifle with polymer lower in 5.45x39mm, and the compact AMB-17 suppressed rifle with the subsonic 9x39mm cartridge (.300BLK's Russian cousin). Unfortunately, none are available stateside due to existing sanctions imposed on Kalashnikov Concern by our government in July 2014.
Larry Vickers and Maxim Popenker at the Mikhail Kalashnikov monument in Moscow.
Many factors determine what makes any given company successful and for how long, but one couldn't help but think that Kalashnikov Concern represents the future of firearms development. It's not just the modern-day successor to Mikhail Kalashnikov's lineage; during our stay, it felt much like the Apple Inc. of the firearms world. Its headquarters are located in the beautifully renovated Vsevolozhsky Manor, an 18th century building in an upscale neighborhood of Moscow. Interestingly, it's one of the few wooden structures in Moscow that survived the Fire of 1812 during Napoleon's occupation. And just next door is the corporate campus of Yandex, Russia's Google. The Kalashnikov Concern offices are clean and modern with contemporary facilities. Employees are outgoing, charismatic, and warm, with everyone from management to factory workers treating us with great friendliness, kindness, and interest. They know firearms, and they know marketing. In fact, they have a department called "technical marketing," distinct from traditional marketing. These folks bridge the needs of end users, engineers, and traditional marketers. They're largely "Alpha" veterans, counterterrorism specialists akin to Delta in the United States, with all the knowledge and skill that you'd expect.
At IZHMASH in Izhevsk, in front of a sign commemorating Mikhail Kalashnikov. Photo by Valery Moroz.
Russia should be an obligatory stop on any firearm enthusiast's pilgrimage list. There are numerous hurdles to overcome, not least the complexities of travel visas and language issues. But the museums are excellent, and you can't help but come back with a more complete appreciation for the Kalashnikov after walking through Red Square and traveling to an armory city or two outside of Moscow.
VICKERS GUIDE
Both the Hungarian AMD-65 and Russian AK-203 shown on pages 126 and 128, along with many other historically significant AK variants, are featured in Vickers Guide: Kalashnikov (Volume 1). Authored by Larry Vickers, James Rupley, Ian McCollum, and Rob Stott, the first in this new series focuses on the 7.62x39mm variants of the AK family of rifles, not just from the Soviet Union, but across the globe. The collectible 11×13-inch coffee table book will be available in a Standard Edition ($95), Signature Edition ($125), and Limited Edition Premium Version ($200) signed with a personal message, limited to 250 copies.
www.VickersGuide.com
Hungarian AMD-65
Commentary by Ian McCollum
Hungary was part of the Warsaw Pact until 1991, and in a world full of similar-looking AK variants, the Hungarian AMD-65 definitely stands out. It not only features the distinctively Hungarian-shaped pistol grip, it has two of them, plus a unique side-folding stock, sheetmetal front handguard, short barrel, and massive muzzle brake.
The AMD-65 stems from mechanized troops' difficulty carrying and using the full-length AKM-63. Vehicle crews, airborne troops, helicopter crews, and infantry in armored personnel carriers found the length of the standard rifle inconvenient. Designed by Károly Zala, the first prototypes were made in 1965, with serial production starting in 1967. The AMD-65 featured a 12.6-inch barrel and an austere side-folding stock. A large muzzle brake helped with recoil generated by the lightened rifle, though its blast and concussion are substantial. A shortened 20-round magazine was also provided. Special versions with optics rails were produced, and some Hungarian units used it with the Soviet PBS-1 suppressor.
While the piston and gas tube were trimmed along with the barrel, the AMD-65 uses a standard AKM bolt carrier, gas block, and front sight tower. This simplified production, avoiding the need for a new combined gas block/sight tower (seen on other short AKs) and minimizing changes to the operating system. It has the vertical front grip often used on other Hungarian AKs, the exact same part as the rear pistol grip, rotated 180 degrees and bolted to the handguard. With no shielding around the gas tube and a perforated sheetmetal lower handguard, the foregrip is essential — the whole assembly becomes quite hot when putting rounds downrange.
Although some design choices may have degraded the shooting experience, the AMD-65 was perhaps the first truly compact AK model, predating AKSU-type weapons by many years. For its intended end users, its compactness was more important to daily duty than actual shooting, and the AMD-65 was very successful. It would go on to become the most prolific Hungarian AK variant. It's widely issued with the Afghan National Army, and large numbers hit civilian markets in Europe and the United States, where their awkward look with a 16-inch barrel made them unpopular compared to other surplus AKs.
Russian AK-203
Commentary by Larry Vickers
The AK-200 series was developed as an interim solution between the classic AK-100 series and the new AK-12 and AK-15. The AK-203 is essentially an updated AK-103, itself a 7.62x39mm rifle incorporating several AK-74 features such as its iconic — and very effective — muzzle device and 90-degree gas block. The AK-203 features a traditional AK-style rear sight configuration with an AKS-74U "Krink" style pivoting top cover. This design was specifically incorporated for customers wanting to retain a conventional AK iron-sight picture. At the rear of the top cover is an SVD-inspired pivoting lever. Rotating it counterclockwise allows the top cover to pivot up for access to the receiver internals. Upon reassembly, it also performs a camming function to lock the top cover into a repeatable and secure position, retaining zero for optics.
Examining the latest AK offerings and their various prototypes from Kalashnikov Concern, it's clear that they've experimented and spent considerable time and resources developing a pivoting top cover system that achieves the highest degree of optic zero repeatability possible. A side-folding multi-position collapsible buttstock is employed — no surprise as this has become the norm on new assault rifles worldwide. It also has an enhanced safety/selector lever, a much needed and welcomed upgrade for serious AK end-users. Picatinny-type rail surfaces are in all the usual positions, but one concept that has largely failed to gain traction outside of the U.S. is an extended handguard interface. As such, the AK-203's handguard is traditional length. The pistol grip is a new design, providing better ergonomics and storage inside. The birdcage-style muzzle device shown here is new, yet very similar to a device that Arsenal of Bulgaria and others have been offering for several years. That said, a number of different muzzle devices are currently seen on Kalashnikov Concern products. All these upgrades may not be revolutionary, but they nevertheless enhance the usefulness of the AKM platform for the average end user with no obvious downsides.
New Universal Knife Sheath from Tactical Tailor
The SOG Blade Light
The PDW that Never Was: CAR-15 Model N-23
Berger Bullets Introduces Match Grade Ammunition

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Kliment Nikolaïevich Red'ko or Redko (en russe Климент Николаевич Редько ; en ukrainien Климент Миколайович Редько, Klyment Mykolayovych Redko), né 15 (27)  et décédé le ) est un graphiste et peintre russo-ukrainien appartenant à l'avant-garde artistique russe (constructiviste, projectionniste et suprématiste).

Biographie

Il est né le  à Chelm dans l'Empire Russe (actuelle Pologne).

De 1910 à 1911, il étudie à l'école des peintures d'icônes à Kiev Pechersk Lavra. Il a échoué à l'Ecole de Moscou de peinture, de sculpture et d'architecture.

De 1914 à 1918, il se forme l'École d'encouragement des arts située à Petrograd.

Il effectue son service militaire de 1916 à 1917.

Il a envisagé la révolution comme un symbole de liberté, une chance pour les artistes de s'exprimer librement et Redko a recherché l'invention de sa propre technique.

De 1918 à 1919, il a suivi une formation aux Beaux-Arts de Kiev ( Kiev Art Academy (KKHI).

De 1919 à 1920, Red'ko a étudié au studio d'Aleksandra Ekster avec les étudiants Solomon Nikritin et Nina Genke-Meller. Pendant cette période, il a participé à la décoration des rues à Kiev et Odessa pour les festivités de la Révolution, avec un style abstrait ensemble avec Ekster et Nina Genke-Meller.

De 1920 à 1922, il a étudié la peinture aux ateliers technico-artistiques  (Vkhoutemas) dans la classe de Wassily Kandinsky.

En 1922, il a participé à l'exposition du Musée de la Culture picturale (MSCHK) à Moscou, avec  Kazimir Malevich, Nikritin et Alexander Tyshler. La même année Red'ko a écrit le Manifeste de l'électro-organisme.

De 1923 à 1924, Red'ko, avec Nikritin a développé ses théories de l'électro-organisme et du luminisme. Red'ko a abordé l'aspect scientifique dans l'art qu'il a nommé Electro-organisme en réaction au Constructivisme.

De 1927 à 1935, il vit en France. En 1927, Red'ko se rend à Paris pour améliorer ses compétences artistiques. Il a participé en tant qu'artiste à l'exposition du département des délégués commerciaux russes à Paris, maintenant des contacts avec le journal Le Monde. Ses œuvres ont été exposées au Palais Royal et dans des galeries comme par exemple Grandjean, Castelle, Vignon. Il se lie d'amitié avec Picasso. Les années parisiennes permettent à Red'ko d'acquérir une maturité artistique.

Après la seconde guerre mondiale, Red'ko a été exclu du Syndicat des Artistes en raison de ses inclinaisons bourgeoises pendant la seconde période de répressions sous Staline. La seule manière de gagner de l'argent était d'enseigner dans un club d'amateurs d'art pour étudiants de l'université de Timiryazev.

Il a présenté des expositions en solo à Moscou en 1926, à Paris de 1928 à 1930. A Moscou, une exposition personnelle  a été organisée. En 1941, il a travaillé sur le design des affiches de l'agence de nouvelles ITAR-TASS.

L'artiste est décédé sans aucune reconnaissance officielle.

Liens externes

 Site de la galerie Tretyakov avec l'exposition intitulée "Sortie de l'URSS autorisée" du 12 novembre 2014 au 8 février 2015
 Site du Dictionnaire des arts contemporains Delarge
 Site du Musée d'Art Karakalpak - Collection Savitsky

Notes et références

Voir aussi
 Liste d'artistes en art contemporain

Graphiste russe
Graphiste ukrainien
Peintre russe
Peintre ukrainien du XXe siècle
Avant-garde russe
Avant-garde ukrainienne
Naissance en septembre 1897
Naissance à Chełm
Décès en février 1956
Décès à 58 ans
Décès à Moscou


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GREENBELT, MD. – A federal grand jury has indicted Adrian Brown, age 33, of Laurel, Maryland, on mail fraud charges related to a scheme to defraud an automobile insurance company. The indictment was returned on March 14, 2018, and unsealed upon the arrest of Brown.
The indictment was announced by Acting United States Attorney for the District of Maryland Stephen M. Schenning; Special Agent in Charge Gordon B. Johnson of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Baltimore Field Office; and Chief Henry P. Stawinksi III of the Prince George's County Police Department.
According to the two-count indictment, between September 2014 and January 2015, Brown allegedly made false statements to the insurance company claiming he owned a Chevrolet Caprice and that it had been stolen from an apartment complex in Maryland.
Prosecutors allege that Brown never owned the vehicle. Brown then filed an incident report with the Prince George's County Police documenting the purported theft. During the course of the insurance investigation, Brown made several false statements about the purchasing and theft of the vehicle.
Brown faces a maximum sentence of 20 years in prison for the conspiracy.
Suspended Prince George's County Police Officer, 33-year-old Adrian Brown, has been indicted by a federal grand jury on mail fraud charges. The two-count felony indictment stems from a scheme to defraud an automobile insurance company between September 2014 and January 2015.
Senior investigators with our Internal Affairs Division and agents from the Baltimore field office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation launched an investigation in the fall of 2015 at which time Brown's police powers were suspended.
Brown was taken into custody and was placed on administrative leave without pay.


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Viewpoint: Landlocked oil is wasted opportunity
Chris Lorenc
Chris Lorenc , President, Western Canada Roadbuilders & Heavy Construction Association	Andrew Sikorsky / -
Imagine if Brian Epstein had never seen the Beatles. If John, Paul, George and Ringo had continued to play "undiscovered" in the Cavern Club, how many people would have heard them; what would their estates and copyrights be worth today?
Such a squandering of natural gifts is hard to imagine. It's not a lot different, when you think of it, for Canada's natural resources. And squandering, in effect, is what we're doing today with the economic potential of our oil resources.
They are effectively landlocked, due to the inability to get the barrels to seaport and a broader market. Alberta's oil is limited to North America, especially U.S. distribution, which cuts the per-barrel price by about $14, as of August, when Alberta crude was selling for about $31 a barrel.
Without pipeline access to tidewater — and therefore to new international markets — Canada will continue to pay an economic penalty.
No one is saying this country, or its producers, should build pipelines without diligent and sensitive consideration and mitigation of environmental impacts, and protecting sensitive or at-risk territories, waterways and species. That's not the Canadian way.
Recent approvals – the $36-billion Pacific Northwest LNG project, for example – should give all Canadians, including those whose communities and traditional lands most directly affected, some comfort in the environmental review and vetting process. The Trudeau government's green light two weeks ago to the LNG project is predicated on 190 conditions.
The careful, public environmental review, combined with regulated monitoring and reporting during project development, construction and lifetime operation, illustrates the value Canadians place on their land, water and communities, and the respect for the constitutional rights of Indigenous people.
But to keep the country's natural wealth landlocked is beyond misguided. It wastes Canada's potential to realize economic growth and security — the lifeblood of our governments' treasuries and revenues that support the social programs that make our standard of living the envy worldwide.
It also stymies the development of the best human talent in science, engineering and industry innovation. Why would we turn our backs on our youth, send them packing for careers and jobs elsewhere? What, in hard numbers, are we turning our backs on?
Here's some idea: According to a 2015 Conference Board of Canada report, the $6.8-billion Trans Mountain pipeline expansion holds 678,000 person-years of employment; The Energy East pipeline would be worth $16.8 billion in GDP for the Canadian economy during its nine-year development and construction phase, alone; Enbridge says its $7.9-billion Northern Gateway pipeline project would create up to 3,000 jobs during peak construction;
Long-term employment connected to the three projects would be more than 38,000 total jobs per year.
I'm from Manitoba; a province that at first blush may seem not to have much skin in the game. But that's the entirely wrong way to look at our country's collective wealth and potential. All provinces, all Canadians, benefit from careful stewardship of our natural resources, which includes developing them in a responsible, rational and sustainable way.
This is important to the West, and to all Canada. Pipelines, as with all strategic infrastructure investments, are key to the country's economic prosperity. They, like roads, rail and marine assets, deserve to be supported through careful and wise public policy.
They are what Prime Minister Justin Trudeau refers to when he talks about "nation-building" projects in his government's infrastructure-investment plan. These projects are the foundation for future-wealth generation to support jobs, good incomes and strong communities. They provide the silk for the fabric of our social-welfare programs.
Chris Lorenc is President, Western Canada Roadbuilders & Heavy Construction Association, and President, Manitoba Heavy Construction Association.
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The Yukon Sentinel 2.5x50 Night Vision Rifle Scope combines traditional Yukon style (perfect design, ergonomics, reliability and easy and convenient use) with an enhanced level of functionality. The Yukon Sentinel has a high grade of water resistance (IPX4 grade, according to the standard IEC 60529) and can be operated in precipitation of high intensity. Extra tube protection provides durability towards axial load when used with the majority of popular calibers, including .300, .308 or similar. The batteries (2xAA) are placed in the battery compartment vertically thus eliminating the influence of recoil on the stability of the energy supply. The Sentinel has two scales - a horizontal scale to measure distance to the target, and a vertical one which facilitates adjustment when shooting at different distances. Initially the riflescope should be sighted at 50m. on the central cross hair. The distance is determined by putting a target with known width (0.5m) between the marks of the ">..<" type. If the target fits between the marks, you sho uld make the vertical adjustment according to the mark. So, you can make adjustments when shooting at distances of 15, 25, 50 and 100m. It is advisable to change the color of the reticle depending on the surrounding conditions. Red is best when used in clear viewing conditions, green is preferable for use when viewing is obscured. The color can be changed by a simple push of a button. Internal focusing of the objective The image focusing mechanism (from 2 m. up to infinity) with fixation of the focus ring knob at the mark "100m", provides clear image at any distances (including short) within the riflescope's working range Low battery indicator Double function LED indicator. Green light when the battery is full. As the battery runs down, the power indicator changes its color from green to red. This means that the riflescope will still be functioning for about half an hour before the battery is completely empty. Remote Control Along with standard functions, the remote control has a quick start-up function. This is very convenient when constant observation is not conducted in order to find the appropriate position, take aim and shoot. Power Supply A stabilized power supply ensures up to 70 hours of full operation. This prevents reticle shift, change of its brightness even when the battery is nearly empty. Built-in IR illuminator The built-in IR illuminator makes it possible to use the riflescope in utter darkness. The IR has the function of focusing the light flux, ranging from narrow directed to dispersed. Weaver 7/8" Rail The riflescope has an extra 7/8" Weaver rail placed on the left side of the body and is designed for mounting accessories (IR illuminator, directional microphone and laser pointer). Objective Cap A soft rubber cap is permanently fixed on the riflescope's housing to secure it from being lost. When using the riflescope, there is no need to remove the cap, it can simply be placed on the riflescope's body in the most suitable position. Mount Possibilities The Sentinel can be supplied with one of the five types of mounts, including Weaver mount (Weaver-Auto, Weaver-Long), AK Side Mount, "Los" mount (for Russian rifles), Prism 14/200 mount.


text:
package com.clockwork.scene.plugins.blender.animations;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.clockwork.animation.Bone;
import com.clockwork.animation.Skeleton;
import com.clockwork.math.Matrix4f;
import com.clockwork.math.Quaternion;
import com.clockwork.math.Vector3f;
import com.clockwork.scene.plugins.blender.BlenderContext;
import com.clockwork.scene.plugins.blender.exceptions.BlenderFileException;
import com.clockwork.scene.plugins.blender.file.Structure;
import com.clockwork.scene.plugins.blender.objects.ObjectHelper;

/**
 * This class holds the basic data that describes a bone.
 *
 *
 */
public class BoneContext {
    private BlenderContext    blenderContext;
    /** The OMA of the bone's armature object. */
    private Long              armatureObjectOMA;
    /** The structure of the bone. */
    private Structure         boneStructure;
    /** Bone's name. */
    private String            boneName;
    /** The bone's armature matrix. */
    private Matrix4f          armatureMatrix;
    /** The parent context. */
    private BoneContext       parent;
    /** The children of this context. */
    private List<BoneContext> children = new ArrayList<BoneContext>();
    /** Created bone (available after calling 'buildBone' method). */
    private Bone              bone;
    /** The bone's rest matrix. */
    private Matrix4f          restMatrix;
    /** Bone's total inverse transformation. */
    private Matrix4f          inverseTotalTransformation;
    /** The length of the bone. */
    private float             length;

    /**
     * Constructor. Creates the basic set of bone's data.
     *
     * @param armatureObjectOMA
     *            the OMA of the bone's armature object
     * @param boneStructure
     *            the bone's structure
     * @param blenderContext
     *            the blender context
     * @throws BlenderFileException
     *             an exception is thrown when problem with blender data reading
     *             occurs
     */
    public BoneContext(Long armatureObjectOMA, Structure boneStructure, BlenderContext blenderContext) throws BlenderFileException {
        this(boneStructure, armatureObjectOMA, null, blenderContext);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor. Creates the basic set of bone's data.
     *
     * @param boneStructure
     *            the bone's structure
     * @param armatureObjectOMA
     *            the OMA of the bone's armature object
     * @param parent
     *            bone's parent (null if the bone is the root bone)
     * @param blenderContext
     *            the blender context
     * @throws BlenderFileException
     *             an exception is thrown when problem with blender data reading
     *             occurs
     */
    private BoneContext(Structure boneStructure, Long armatureObjectOMA, BoneContext parent, BlenderContext blenderContext) throws BlenderFileException {
        this.parent = parent;
        this.blenderContext = blenderContext;
        this.boneStructure = boneStructure;
        this.armatureObjectOMA = armatureObjectOMA;
        boneName = boneStructure.getFieldValue("name").toString();
        length = ((Number) boneStructure.getFieldValue("length")).floatValue();
        ObjectHelper objectHelper = blenderContext.getHelper(ObjectHelper.class);
        armatureMatrix = objectHelper.getMatrix(boneStructure, "arm_mat", blenderContext.getBlenderKey().isFixUpAxis());

        // compute the bone's rest matrix
        restMatrix = armatureMatrix.clone();
        inverseTotalTransformation = restMatrix.invert();
        if (parent != null) {
            restMatrix = parent.inverseTotalTransformation.mult(restMatrix);
        }

        // create the children
        List<Structure> childbase = ((Structure) boneStructure.getFieldValue("childbase")).evaluateListBase(blenderContext);
        for (Structure child : childbase) {
            this.children.add(new BoneContext(child, armatureObjectOMA, this, blenderContext));
        }

        blenderContext.setBoneContext(boneStructure.getOldMemoryAddress(), this);
    }

    /**
     * This method builds the bone. It recursively builds the bone's children.
     *
     * @param bones
     *            a list of bones where the newly created bone will be added
     * @param objectToArmatureMatrix
     *            object to armature transformation matrix
     * @param blenderContext
     *            the blender context
     * @return newly created bone
     */
    public Bone buildBone(List<Bone> bones, Matrix4f objectToArmatureMatrix, BlenderContext blenderContext) {
        Long boneOMA = boneStructure.getOldMemoryAddress();
        bone = new Bone(boneName);
        bones.add(bone);
        blenderContext.addLoadedFeatures(boneOMA, boneName, boneStructure, bone);

        Vector3f poseLocation = restMatrix.toTranslationVector();
        Quaternion rotation = restMatrix.toRotationQuat().normalizeLocal();
        Vector3f scale = restMatrix.toScaleVector();
        if (parent == null) {
            Quaternion rotationQuaternion = objectToArmatureMatrix.toRotationQuat().normalizeLocal();
            scale.multLocal(objectToArmatureMatrix.toScaleVector());
            rotationQuaternion.multLocal(poseLocation.addLocal(objectToArmatureMatrix.toTranslationVector()));
            rotation.multLocal(rotationQuaternion);
        }

        bone.setBindTransforms(poseLocation, rotation, scale);
        for (BoneContext child : children) {
            bone.addChild(child.buildBone(bones, objectToArmatureMatrix, blenderContext));
        }

        return bone;
    }

    /**
     * @return built bone (available after calling 'buildBone' method)
     */
    public Bone getBone() {
        return bone;
    }

    /**
     * @return the old memory address of the bone
     */
    public Long getBoneOma() {
        return boneStructure.getOldMemoryAddress();
    }

    /**
     * @return the length of the bone
     */
    public float getLength() {
        return length;
    }

    /**
     * @return OMA of the bone's armature object
     */
    public Long getArmatureObjectOMA() {
        return armatureObjectOMA;
    }

    /**
     * @return the skeleton the bone of this context belongs to
     */
    public Skeleton getSkeleton() {
        return blenderContext.getSkeleton(armatureObjectOMA);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
HomeNIGERIA"FG should apologize to Sunday Igboho, rather than pursue him like a...
"FG should apologize to Sunday Igboho, rather than pursue him like a thief"- Wole Soyinka
By Adanna Nwana
TSL Nigeria- Prof Wole Soyinka
Wole Soyinka has asked the Federal Government of Nigeria to apologize to Sunday Igboho after officials of the Department of State Services invaded his home.
The DSS invaded Igboho's house in Ibadan, Oyo State, on Thursday, July 1, and two of his associates were killed during the invasion.
Igboho has been calling for a "Yoruba Nation" in response to what he has described as a "Fulani invasion" of the South-West. He has been declared wanted by the DSS.
In an interview with BBC Pidgin published on Monday, July 5, Nobel Laureate, Wole Soyinka, said the government's actions and rationale for invading Igboho's home "stinks."
He said: "My advise to the government is that they should stop pursuing Igboho as a criminal, because you have begun by acting in a criminal fashion against him.
"If and when Igboho comes to trial, I guarantee you the government will be very embarrassed.
READ ALSO: "I'm too old to be Nigeria's President"- El Rufai
"I think they should tell Igboho 'we made a mistake', 'we should not have acted in this way', 'you are no longer wanted', 'go back to your home'. In fact, escort him to his home and let him resume his normal life."
Soyinka said Igboho's fight for freedom was caused by criminal acts of enemies of Nigeria who "appear to be supported by the force of the State."
While Soyinka added that he doesn't "like the sound of a Yoruba Nation" any more than he likes the sound of a Tiv or Igbo nation, but he said the country must be restructured through the decentralisation of power.
Sunday Igboho
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Adanna Nwanahttp://www.tslnigeria.tv
Abducted Plateau Paramount ruler, Da Gyang Gutt Balak Regains Freedom.


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text:
The State of Prison & Jail Call Communication Systems
Prison & Jail Call Communication Systems in Arkansas
Attorney-client communications federal caselaw and state-specific anecdotal data in Arkansas
Return to the Map
Jump to 8th Circuit Law
In February 2020, the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers asked its membership about how it communicated with clients in custody. The survey focused particularly on lawyers' ability to communicate with their detained and incarcerated clients. The below data is focused on findings regarding confidentiality, a key requirement of attorney-client communication.
Pulaski Co. Regional Detention Center
Paid by the client
Glass room but private
Washington Co. Detention Center
Downloaded by staff
Independence County Jail
Varner Supermax Unit
Watched by correctional staff
Mississippi County Detention Center
Federal Information
In the Eighth Circuit, parties who have suffered an intrusion into their attorney-client privileged conversations only succeed in establishing a constitutional harm when they can prove that they suffered prejudice from an intentional intrusion. {1} 1 Mastrian v. McManus, 554 F.2d 813, 821 (8th Cir. 1977). The Eighth Circuit, like many other circuits, requires two showings to establish a Sixth Amendment violation: there must have been an intentional intrusion into the attorney-client relationship by the government, and the defendant/petitioner must have suffered prejudice. {2} 2 Id.; see also United States v. Singer, 785 F.2d 228, 234 (8th Cir. 1986). The remedy is tailored to the violation that will allow a defendant to proceed without prejudice in a later proceeding. {3} 3 Singer, 785 F.2d at 234. That remedy is almost always less drastic than the dismissal of indictment. {4} 4 Id. When a court can determine that there was no prejudice, it may not reach the purposeful intrusion prong of the analysis. {5} 5 See United States v. Romanyshyn, No. CR. 08-50062-01-KES, 2009 WL 3673094, at *4 (D.S.D. Oct. 30, 2009) (though the court goes through a length analysis of the record, it refuses to decide whether the intrusion was purposeful or not because there was no prejudice). This opinion includes a long record and could be helpful for advocates.
An intentional intrusion is one in which the government had an active role in recovering attorney-client communications. {6} 6 Singer, 785 F.2d at 232 (noting that "the government properly may receive confidential documents if it plays no role in their wrongful procurement and if it has probable cause to believe they constitute proof of criminal activity"). In a leading Eighth Circuit case, Singer, the government became aware that a third-party had access to the defendant's attorney-client communications. Though it may have been appropriate for the government to receive some of these materials because there was probable cause of perjury, the government requested the entire file from the third party. The court highlighted the fact that the government then reviewed the entire file, beyond what it needed to investigate the perjury allegation. Decisions within the Eighth Circuit have reiterated that a Sixth Amendment violation does not automatically occur when attorney-client communications are monitored or even when those communications are obtained by the prosecution. {7} 7 Mastrian, 554 F.2d at 821; see also Singer, 785 F.2d at 232–34. Singer specifically noted that it is potentially proper for the government to sometimes receive these types of documents "if it has no role in their wrongful procurement and if it has probable cause to believe they constitute proof of criminal activity." {8} 8 Singer, 785 F.2d at 232–34.
The defendant must also demonstrate that she suffered prejudice or a "substantial threat" of prejudice from the intrusion. {9} 9 Mastrian, 554 F.2d at 821; see also Singer, 785 F.2d at 234. The leading Eighth Circuit case relied on the Supreme Court's decision in Weatherford v. Bursey in trying to establish what prejudice is. {10} 10 Mastrian, 554 F.2d at 821. It held that the defendant must demonstrate a "nexus between [the intrusion] and some benefit to the prosecuting authorities." {11} 11 Id. If a detainee has had his conversations with his counsel recorded, his Sixth Amendment claim will fail unless he can show that the recordings had any impact on his trial. {12} 12 See, e.g., Clark v. Wood, 823 F.2d 1241, 1249 (8th Cir. 1987) (holding that even though the county jail recorded conversations with counsel, it did not impact his trial and thus there was no recourse); United States v. Solomon, 679 F.2d 1246, 1250 (8th Cir.1982). In Clark v. Wood, the Eighth Circuit expressly disagreed with the contention that the aggrieved party only needs to show that attorney-client conversations were monitored. {13} 13 Id.
In U.S. v. Romanyshyn, a law enforcement officer instructed a coworker to download and transcribe the defendant's jail calls. {14} 14 Romanyshyn, at *4. Again, the court goes through a lengthy description of how involved the different parties were in recording these calls. The court went through the agent's testimony, including that the agent did not know it was possible for attorney-client conversations to be recording. The agent did not specify that the coworker should avoid listening to attorney-client calls. Thus, the coworker listened to, transcribed, and took notes on several such calls. A disc of the recordings (including the attorney-client conversations) and the notes were provided to the prosecution team. However, the transcribing coworker never met with her supervising agent or the prosecution team to discuss her work. The court found there was no prejudice to the defendant and didn't reach whether this intrusion was purposeful or not. In making the prejudice finding, the court noted that the AUSA never listened to the conversations or read the notes and that no evidence was actually used. {15} 15 Id at *5. Lastly, the court reviewed the statements and found that there would have been no benefit to the government anyway. {16} 16 Id.
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8th Circuit Court of Appeals
Attorney-Client Communications