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Medical Device Quality: Why Software Is More Challenging Than Hardware
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Dan Goldstein, Manager, Quality Assurance, Musculoskeletal Clinical Regulatory Advisors03.21.18
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Quality System Regulation 21 CFR Part 820.30(g) states, "Design validation shall include software validation and risk analysis, where appropriate." The words, "where appropriate," indicate that further guidance is necessary to successfully comply with the regulation. FDA's guidance document, "General Principles of Software Validation," is an important first read in that regard, but many medical device manufacturers are not sufficiently familiar with it.
It is impossible to imagine the medical device industry today without the software revolution. From defibrillators to infusion pumps and robotic surgical systems, a broad range of devices relies on software to function safely and effectively. At the same time, medical device software has introduced a level of complexity that dwarfs anything seen before in the field. This column addresses some basic facts about medical device software and how quality professionals, together with executive management, can work together to ensure that FDA's rigorous requirements are satisfied.
Note that FDA has separate requirements for medical device software and quality system software. This column addresses only the software that is part of a medical device, such as software that triggers an alarm when a product fails. Other software, such as that used by a medical device manufacturer to manage complaints in its quality system, is outside of the scope of this discussion.
In October 2017, FDA released two new final guidance documents on the same day: "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device" and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device." In other words, medical device software changes have so many unique challenges and risks that they earn a guidance document of their own, separate from all other device changes.
The Problem: Software Is Different from Hardware
Validation is at the heart of device design, and the validation of software design is especially challenging. Even though FDA's guidance document, "General Principles of Software Validation," was last updated in January 2002, that guidance is still highly relevant and useful. When a medical device incorporates software, FDA expects the manufacturer to be well-read in the guidance document.
Furthermore, FDA does not intend the guidance document on software validation to be read only by software developers or quality engineers, as it states, "Software engineering needs an even greater level of managerial scrutiny and control than hardware engineering." The guidance is written in laymen's terms, so executive management is not excused from this responsibility, even when they have limited experience in software development.
To get to the heart of the problem, the guidance document on software validation includes the deceptively simple statement: "Software is different from hardware." Actually, there are many complex differences between software and hardware, and understanding those differences is key to ensuring that software validation will pass FDA muster. The comparison chart (above and on the previous page) is adapted from, and expands on, the FDA guidance.
The Solution: Software Validation Driven by Rigorous Requirements
Both of the last two differences in the chart use the phrase, "a clear set of detailed requirements." This is the most crucial element for proper software validation, and one that is frequently neglected. The flow chart figure on page 20 illustrates how requirements play an early and crucial role in software development.
During the phases that developers are coding and testing the software, the requirements enter a tunnel that is closed to non-developers, and the software emerges from the other side as a complete design. The resulting software can support a safe and effective device only if executive management and other stakeholders have reviewed a detailed and unambiguous set of requirements. Quality and regulatory teams can expedite this crucial phase by ensuring smooth communications between engineering and the rest of the organization.
At the far end of the tunnel, quality and regulatory conduct the final stages of user site testing with faithful attention to the original requirements. As noted in the list of differences between software and hardware, "user expectations are often unexpected," and any expectations that were not properly specified as requirements are likely to emerge as errors during testing.
Clearly, the future of medical device development is bound up with new advances in software—wearable devices, remote medicine, algorithmic diagnostics, and robotics. FDA expects that manufacturers' quality systems and design controls will ensure safety and efficacy, even as the software code at the heart of the device remains opaque to executive management. Software design might be more challenging than hardware, but software validation will keep the differences manageable and the quality undiminished.
Dan Goldstein is a manager for Quality Assurance at Musculoskeletal Clinical Regulatory Advisors (MCRA), primarily focusing on quality system requirements for bringing new devices to market and keeping experienced manufacturers in compliance with FDA and Notified Bodies. He provides MCRA clients with gap assessments, mock FDA inspections, Form 483 remediations, Design History Files, Technical Files, Summary Technical Documents, and Clinical Evaluation Reports. A graduate of the University of Maryland University College, Dan has worked since 2002 in quality assurance for medical devices, including autologous blood products for wound healing and computer-aided-detection software for lung diseases. Musculoskeletal Clinical Regulatory Advisers LLC has broad experience in the area of software validation. MCRA's staff is especially adept at promoting and maintaining the lines of communication that keep executive management, the "voice of the customer," and software developers on the same page with regard to the detailed requirements that drive the development process. The organization believes in requirements that follow the "four Cs"—clear, concise, correct, and complete.
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Please be advised that the Annual Membership Subscriptions are due from the 1st January 2019 and they remain the same as last year's Subscriptions.
In accordance with Rule 3 all Coaches, Teachers, Poolside Helpers, Team Managers and Chaperones, Social Event Organisers, Front Desk Helpers and Club Shop Staff MUST be Club Members (one of the above forms of Membership) to comply with the ASA Child Protection requirements. Each of the aforementioned Members will be required to complete a Registration Form in order to register with the A.S.A..
In accordance with the Club Constitution and Rules the Annual Membership Subscription must be paid by the 1st February 2019 otherwise the Member cannot participate in any Club activities, including swim sessions, all Galas, County Championships and Open Meets, until the outstanding Subscription is paid, as per Rule 4.2 in the Club's Constitution and Rules.
Any swimmer taking part in the Brighton Tom Handley Open Meet and the Sussex County Championships must have paid their Annual Membership Subscriptions for 2019 by the closing date for the entries. In the case of the Brighton Tom Handley Open Meet this is Monday 10th December 2018 and for the Sussex County Championships this is Monday 10th December 2018.
Payment of next year's Subscription can be made at the ESC Desk from Monday 3rd December 2018 where you will also be required to complete a new Enrolment Form.
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Spray liberal amount on affected area.
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We all know the "Who Viewed Your Profile" LinkedIn feature. It's part of a little ego-exercise we take part in each week where we validate just how important we already know we are, and bask in the glory of being stalked by higher-ups that are definitely messaging us right now to offer us the job of a lifetime.
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Download our ultimate guide to LinkedIn here for more tips on using LinkedIn for professional networking.
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Coronavirus update on CDC
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DefatX »»» Nutrition »»» Supplements You Might Need if You are on a Vegan Diet
Supplements You Might Need if You are on a Vegan Diet
Written By Naeem Durrani BSc
Vegan diet is low in certain nutrients, such as vitamin B-12, which are mainly found in animal products. However, vegan diets can have many health benefits, but they can also find it harder for people to get enough of those nutrients.
Many claim that a plant-based, whole-food diet meets all the requirements of daily nutrients. Some are even encouraging people on a vegan diet to avoid all supplements. This advice can do more harm than good.
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps boost calcium and phosphorus absorption in your intestines. VD also stimulates many other processes of the body, including immune function, mood, memory, and regeneration of muscles.
In children and adults, the RDA is 600 IU (15mcg) per day. The elderly should aim for 800 IU (20 mcg) per day. That said, there is some evidence that your daily needs are much higher than the current RDA.
However, very few foods contain vitamin D, and foods are often inadequate to fulfill the daily requirements. These studies clarify worldwide records of vitamin D deficiency in vegetarian, vegans, and meat-eaters.
Vitamin D can also be made from sun exposure besides the small amount you get from your diet. Most people are likely to make enough vitamin D when the sun is strong by spending 15 minutes in the midday sun as long as they don't use any sunscreen.
People with darker skin, those who live in colder climates, and those who spend little time outdoors, may not produce enough. In fact, most dermatologists caution against using sun exposure to raise vitamin D levels because of the negative effects of excess UV radiation.
The best way for people on a vegan diet to ensure they get enough vitamin D is to test their blood levels. People on a vegan diet can not get enough from foods, and sunshine should have a daily dose of D2 or vitamin D3 supplements. Although vitamin D2 is likely adequate for most people, some studies suggest that vitamin D3 appears to be more active in raising blood vitamin D levels.
Foods that are often claimed to be rich in vitamin B12 include mushrooms, spirulina, Chlorella, and other organic products. Many claim that vegans consume enough of the right plant foods and they need not worry about vitamin B12 deficiency.
For this assumption, there is no scientific basis. Several studies show that vegetarians and vegans are at a higher risk of B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 is essential for many processes in the body, including the metabolism of proteins and the production of red blood cells that carry oxygen. It also plays a key role in your nervous system's health.
Insufficient vitamin B12 can cause anemia, infertility, bone disease, heart disease and damage to the nervous system. The recommended daily intake for adults is 2.4 mcg/day, 2.6 mcg/day during pregnancy and 2.8 mcg/day during breastfeeding.
The only way for people on a vegan diet can achieve these levels is to eat B12-fortified foods or take B12 supplements. B12-fortified foods often include vegetable milk, soy products, cereals for breakfast and nutritional yeast. Some plant foods appear to contain vitamin B12, but there is still discussion about whether this form is active in humans.
However, as a reliable source of vitamin B12, no scientific evidence supports relying on organic products that are unwashed. However, if purchased from or stored in clear plastic bags, because vitamin B12 is light-sensitive and may degrade.
It is important to remember that your body absorbs B12 in small doses. The less vitamin B12 you consume, the better your body absorbs it. That is why vegans unable to meet the recommended daily intake using fortified foods should opt for a daily supplement which offers 25–100 mcg of cyanocobalamin or 2,000 mcg weekly intake.
Those who are wary of taking supplements can find it reassuring to test their blood before taking any. But know that high intakes of seaweed, folic acid, can inflate vitamin B12 markers. Instead of your methylmalonic acid status, you may want your health care practitioner to test it.
B12 absorption decreases with age because of the lack of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Therefore, the Institute of Medicine recommends B12-fortified foods or a vitamin B12 supplement for everyone over the age of 51 vegetarian or not.
Zinc is a mineral crucial to metabolism, immune function, and cell repair. Insufficient zinc intake can lead to growth problems, hair loss, diarrhea, and delayed wound healing. Zinc RDA for adults is 8 to 9 mg per day. For pregnant women, it increases to 11–12 mg and for lactating women, 12–13 mg.
In addition, few plant foods contain zinc because of their phytate content, it reduces the absorption of zinc from some plant foods. Vegetarians are therefore advised to reach 1.5 times the RDA. Although a recent review of 26 studies showed that vegetarians and vegans have lower levels of zinc than meat-eaters.
Eat a variety of zinc-rich foods throughout the day to optimize your intake. These include whole grains, tofu, bread sprout, legumes, nuts, and seeds. Soaking nuts, seeds, and legumes overnight also seems to improve absorption by eating enough protein and consuming fermented foods such as tempeh and miso.
People on vegan diet are concerned about their zinc consumption, or those with deficiency symptoms may consider taking zinc supplements that provide 50% to 100% of the RDA.
Iron is a mineral used in the production of new DNA and red blood cells holding oxygen in the blood. It is also essential for the metabolism of energy.
Insufficient iron can cause anemia, and other symptoms, including fatigue and decreased immune function. Among adult men and postmenopausal women, the RDA is 8 mg. For adult women, it increases to 18 mg daily, and pregnant women will target 27 mg daily.
There are two ways to find iron: heme and non-heme. Heme iron is available only from products of animals, whereas non-heme iron is present in plants. Because heme iron is easier to absorb than non-heme iron in your diet, vegans are often recommended to target 1.8 times the normal RDA. That said, to decide whether you need such large intakes, we need further studies.
Vegans with low levels of iron should target consuming more iron-rich foods such as cruciferous vegetables, beans, peas, dried fruit, nuts, and seeds. Iron-fortified foods such as cereals, enriched bread, and some plant milk can provide additional help.
Use cast-iron pots and pans for cooking and baking. Also, avoid drinking tea or coffee with meals and mixing iron-rich foods with a vitamin C source can also help boost iron absorption. The best way to determine whether you need the supplement is to get your health practitioner to test your levels of hemoglobin and ferritin.
Keep in mind, excess intakes of supplements such as iron can do more harm than good. Top levels may even lead to seizures, organ failure, and sometimes may be fatal. Therefore, it is better not to consume supplement unless you really need it.
Calcium is an essential mineral for bone and teeth health. It also plays a role in the control of the muscles, nerve impulses, and heart health. For most adults, they set the calcium RDA at 1,000 mg daily and increases to 1,200 mg daily in adults over 50 years of age.
Bok choy, kale, mustard greens, turnip greens, watercress, broccoli, chickpeas, calcium-set tofu, and fortified plant milk or juices are among the calcium sources. Studies agree, however, that most vegans do not get adequate calcium.
An often-heard comment among the vegan community is that vegans have lower calcium needs than meat-eaters because they do not use this mineral to neutralize the acidity that a meat-rich diet produces.
For determining how meatless diets impact daily calcium requirements, we need further work. There is evidence, however, that vegans consuming less than 525 mg of calcium are at increased risk of bone fractures.
That's why all vegans are encouraged to target the RDA, making sure they consume at least 525 mg daily. People on vegan diet should use iron supplements if the diet or fortified food alone can not do it.
Long-Chain Omega-3s
Omega-3 fatty acids are classified into two categories:
Essential omega-3 fatty acids: alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is the only essential omega-3 fatty acid, so you can get it only from your diet.
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are included in this category. They are not essential because your body can make them from ALA.
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids play a crucial role in your brain and eyes. Adequate dietary levels also appear essential for brain function and to prevent obesity, anxiety, breast cancer and ADHD.
Plants with a high content of ALA include flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts, seeds of hemp and soy. In animal products such as fatty fish and fish oil, EPA and DHA are mostly found.
Theoretically, having enough ALA will maintain adequate levels of EPA and DHA. Studies, however, show that ALA's conversion to EPA may be as low as 5 percent, while DHA conversion may be close to 0 percent.
Research also shows that vegetarians and vegans have up to 50 percent lower rates of EPA and DHA than meat-eaters. While there is no official RDA, most health professionals agree that there should be sufficient 200–300 mg of an EPA and DHA per day.
People on vegan diet can use algae oil supplements to meet this recommended intake. Minimizing your intake of omega-6 fatty acids from oils such as corn, soy, sunflower and sesame and ensuring that you eat enough ALA-rich foods can also help maximize the levels of EPA and DHA.
Iodine Supplements
It is important to get enough iodine for good thyroid function, which regulates your metabolism. During pregnancy and early childhood, an iodine deficiency can lead to permanent mental retardation.
Insufficient intake of iodine in adults may cause hypothyroidism. This can cause symptoms such as low energy, dry skin, hand and foot tingling, fatigue, and weight gain. Vegans are at risk of iodine deficiency. Studies show that vegans have up to 50% lower levels of blood iodine than vegetarians.
The RDA is 150 mcg of iodine per day for adults. Pregnant women will strive for 220 mcg daily. Experts recommend it that breastfeeding woman's intake should be 290 mcg daily.
Iodine levels depend on the soil's iodine content in plant foods. The food is grown near the ocean, for example, is higher in iodine. Half a teaspoon of iodized salt (2.5 ml) is enough to meet your everyday needs. People on a vegan diet who do not want to eat iodine salt should take iodine supplements.
People on a vegan diet should meet their nutritional needs. That said, it may be difficult to achieve those nutrient requirements by diet alone and fortified foods. Those people on a vegan diet unable to comply with their dietary recommendations by diet alone should take supplements. Also, before taking a new vitamin, it's best to talk to your healthcare provider.
Health Benefits Of MSM Supplements
+ 18 references
Vitamin D supplementation for depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychosom Med. 2014.
Comparison of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 supplementation in raising serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012.
Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the nervous system. Lancet Neurol. 2006.
Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1998.
Considerations in planning vegan diets: children. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001.
Iron and vegetarian diets. Med J Aust. 2013.
Comparative fracture risk in vegetarians and nonvegetarians in EPIC-Oxford. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the developing central nervous system (CNS) – Implications for dietary recommendations. Biochimie. 2011.
Effect of marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014.
Omega-3 Fatty Acid supplementation during pregnancy. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2008.
EPA but not DHA appears to be responsible for the efficacy of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in depression: evidence from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Coll Nutr. 2009.
Achieving optimal essential fatty acid status in vegetarians: current knowledge and practical implications. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003.
DHA status of vegetarians. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2009.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vegetarian diets. Med J Aust. 2013.
A low omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) diet increases omega-3 (n-3) long chain PUFA status in plasma phospholipids in humans. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2014.
Health consequences of iodine deficiency. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2007.
Iodine status and thyroid function of Boston-area vegetarians and vegans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011.
Iodine intake and iodine deficiency in vegans as assessed by the duplicate-portion technique and urinary iodine excretion. Br J Nutr. 1998.
– 18 references
Naeem Durrani BSc
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There are simple ways for me to truly feel blessed. One of them is child sponsorship. I have been sponsoring this girl's education for twelve years now. It feels amazing that I get to change one life's trajectory, even in my own small way.
I also feel blessed whenever I knit. I am thankful for the yarn that I turn into scarves, such as this chunky cowl that I made while attending meetings and focus group discussions this past week. I keep my hands busy by knitting while showing up to discussions that not only sustain me, but also enrich my life.
When I keep myself going and thriving, I feel as if I can embrace my true self after all and conquer each day with a gratitude mindset.
By stitching and sponsoring, I get to share my blessings and skill while living my best life. It is up to me to continue doing so, and these two passions inspire me to continue working and simply showing up everyday.


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Ajay – film del 2006 di Meher Ramesh
 Ajay Devgn – attore, regista e produttore cinematografico indiano
 Ajay Naidu – attore statunitense
 Ajay Singh Deol – attore, regista e produttore cinematografico indiano

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


113 E North Ave, Trinidad, CO 81082 is a Single Family Residence property with 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, and is approximately 1,100 sq feet of living space. The estimated market value for 113 E North Ave, Trinidad, CO 81082 is $141,000, based on recent sales of similar homes and other property assessment information. Built in 1994, this Single Family Residence is located in Trinidad, CO in the zip code 81082. Jansen, Starkville and El Moro are the nearest cities.
113 E North Ave, Trinidad, CO 81082 is Single Family Residence property with 3 beds and 2 baths.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Q: React Native apisauce can't connect to server network I'm learning react native and therefore I'm using an api package by the name of "apisauce" version ^2.1.2.
when backend be called with postman, I receive an array of data and when it be called with frontend application, I receive "Network_Error"
My question is what I'm doing wrong?
client.js :
import { create } from "apisauce";

const apiClient = create({
  baseURL: "http://127.0.0.1:9000/api",
});

export default apiClient;

listings.js:
import client from "./client";

const endpoint = "/listings";
const getListings = () => client.get(endpoint);

export default { getListings };

App.js
import React, { useEffect } from "react";
import listingsApi from "./app/api/listings";

function App() {
  const loadData = async () => {
    const response = await listingsApi.getListings();
    console.log(response);
  };

  useEffect(() => {
    loadData();
  }, []);

  return (
    <Screen>
    </Screen>
   );
}

export default App;

And here is the error when I do a console.log:

A: I have found a solution where instead to set the baseURL to backend URL, I had to set the baseURL to the ip-address of my computer.
information had been found at

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


What if you could make business-critical decisions using relevant, updated data in hours instead of weeks?
This month, SiteCompli introduced Due Diligence – a new feature that allows users to view critical compliance data for any prospective property in New York City. Violation counts, trackable equipment, tax and transaction history and more are all laid out in a printable, professional report.
Most importantly, Due Diligence empowers organizations to make important decisions using available information – like whether or not to pursue a new asset, or how to develop a successful onboarding plan for new management business. The best part is that Due Diligence reports can be generated on demand, directly in SiteCompli, and be ready within hours or less. It's the most efficient way to make sure your team can make smarter decisions while saving time.
At SiteCompli, we believe compliance isn't just about tracking alerts or being reactive – your organization can (and should) leverage compliance data to grow and operate your business more effectively. We're committed to developing new ways for you to access even more information and, more importantly, make it actionable. Due Diligence is just one example of using innovation to drive your business and strengthen your team's operations.
Be the hero that your acquisition team needs and deserves – use SiteCompli to run Due Diligence early in the new business process, saving time and frustration by making data-driven decisions from the start.
SiteCompli users can log in and access this feature at any time. Reach out to our team if you're interested in learning more about how you can use Due Diligence.
The Speed Release - 2 Newest Features now LIVE in your SiteCompli Account!


A contracting scandal in the Pacific fleet has widened after the U.S. Navy suspended a shipping services firm that was a rival to that owned by alleged swindler Leonard Glenn "Fat Leonard" Francis.
The Navy announced last week that its business with Britain-based Inchcape Shipping Services was being suspended while the Justice Department and the Navy investigate "questionable business integrity affecting ISS's present responsibility to be a government contractor."
"The suspension prevents the Department of the Navy and all other Federal departments and agencies from entering into any new contracts [with Inchcape or its affiliates]," Rear Adm. John F. Kirby, the Navy's chief of Information, said in a statement.
The Navy did not specify Inchcape's "questionable" practices but the New York Times, citing court records from civil fraud suits, said the main allegation involved paying commissions to subcontractors for major discounts on work for the Navy. Inchcape then allegedly pocketed the difference rather than refunding the discounts said to be worth millions to the Navy.
Inchcape was an occasional competitor with Francis' firm, Glenn Defense Marine Asia, in providing "husbanding" services including everything from tugboats to fuel and food for Navy ships at ports in the Pacific.
The Malaysian-based Francis, 49, known as "Fat Leonard" to Navy officials and ships' commanders, was arrested in San Diego in September in a sting operation run by the U.S. Attorney's Office in San Diego and the Naval Criminal Investigative Service. Francis allegedly bribed Navy officials and commanders with cash, prostitutes and Lady Gaga tickets for information on ships' movements.
Last month, the Navy announced that Capt. David Haas, 45, deputy commander of Coastal Riverine Group 1 in Imperial Beach, Calif., had been suspended while his alleged connections to Francis were being investigated.
In addition to Haas, two admirals, a captain, two commanders, and an NCIS agent are also under investigation in the scandal involving Glenn Defense Marine, which has won contracts from the Navy worth more than $200 million since 2009.
Inchcape Shipping Services bills itself as "one of the world's leading maritime services providers" with more than 3,800 employes in 66 countries, according to its website. The firm serviced Navy ships, including at least six aircraft carriers, at ports throughout the Middle East, Africa and Latin America.
Inchcape did not immediately reply to requests for comment but the New York Times quoted Sheila Armstrong, Inchcape's head of corporate communications, as saying in a statement that the suspension involved "a small number of Navy ships between 2005 and 2008."
Armstrong added that Inchcape was in discussions with the Justice Department "with a view to bringing this matter to a conclusion."
The investigation of Inchcape could have the potential for rattling U.S. business and political relations with the United Arab Emirates, a U.S. ally in the Persian Gulf.
Inchcape is owned by Istithmar World, the investment arm of the government of Dubai, one of the Emirates. Istithmar in turn reports to the holding company Dubai World, which manages a huge portfolio of businesses and projects for the Dubai government.
According to its website, Dubai World has a majority ownership in DP World, a Dubai-based marine terminal operator that runs more than 60 ports around the world.
In 2006, DP World's bid to run port operations at six U.S. ports, including New York City, Newark, and Baltimore, caused a major confrontation between Congress and the administration of former President George W. Bush.
Bush theatened to issue his first veto against any move by Congress to block the deal, saying "It would send a terrible signal to friends and allies not to let this transaction go through."
Bush later backed off against growing opposition from both houses of Congress to allowing a Middle Eastern firm to control port security, and the deal collapsed.


text:
Q: Can't return the response data using jQuery AJAX I'm loading cross domain html page with jQuery AJAX.
My problem is to return or equal the response data (target's html code) .
var html = "";

get("http://google.com");

function get( url ){

    $.ajaxPrefilter( function (options) {
        if (options.crossDomain && jQuery.support.cors) {
            var http = (window.location.protocol === 'http:' ? 'http:' : 'https:');
            options.url = http + '//cors-anywhere.herokuapp.com/' + options.url;
        }
    });

    $.get(url,function (response) {

         // Here is the problem

     });
}

In the $.get() method I tried to :
html = result ;

return result ;

Both tries didn't work.
Is there any similar way to 'export' the response data to a global scope var ?
P.S - I've tried to use a function with a parameter to return the response . It worked perfectly but that is not what I want at all.

A: Try

// var html = "";

function get(url) {

  $.ajaxPrefilter(function(options) {
    if (options.crossDomain && jQuery.support.cors) {
      var http = (window.location.protocol === "http:" ? "http:" : "https:");
      options.url = http + "//cors-anywhere.herokuapp.com/" + options.url;
    }
  });

  return $.get(url);
};

get("http://google.com")
.then(function success(response) {
  // if request successful,
  // do stuff with `response` from requested `url`
  console.log(response)
}, function error(jqxhr, textStatus, errorThrown) {
  // if error , log `textStatus` , `errorThrown`
  console.log(textStatus, errorThrown)
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js">
</script>

See .then()


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string - The current text decoration.
Getter for the current text direction.
Getter for the current font family of text.
string - The current font family.
Getter for the current font size of text.
string | number - The current font size.
Getter for the current font style of text.
string - The current font style.
value anychart.graphics.vector.Text.FontStyle | string Font style.
Getter for the current font variant of text.
Getter for the current font weight of text.
string - The current font weight.
value string | number Font weight.
Getter for the current horizontal align of text.
string - The current horizontal align.
number | string - The current height.
value number | string Height.
Getter for the current HTML format.
string - Current plain text.
Getter for the current letter spacing of text.
string - The current letter spacing.
value string | number Letter spacing.
Getter for the current line height of text.
string - The current line height.
value string | number Letter height.
Getter for the current text opacity.
number - The current text opacity.
Getter for the current text selectable property.
boolean - The current text selectable setting.
Getter for the current text style.
anychart.graphics.vector.TextStyle - The current text style.
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Getter for the current text indent.
number - The current text indent.
value number Text indent of text.
Getter for the current font text overflow of text.
string - The current text overflow.
Setter for the font text overflow of text.
Getter for the current text wrap of text.
string - The current text wrap.
Setter for text wrap of text.
Getter for the current vertical align of text.
string - The current vertical align.
value anychart.graphics.vector.Text.VAlign | string Vertical align.
number | string - The current width.
value number | string Width.
Getter for the current X coordinate of text.
number - The current X coordinate.
Getter for the current Y coordinate of text.
number - The current Y coordinate.


text:
International News for Dec. 3 - 19
Dec. 23, 2007, midnight | By Betsir Zemen | 12 years ago
This is not original reporting. All information has been compiled from the New York Times International News. Silver Chips Online posts this news summary to provide readers with a forum for discussion.
Dec. 13 - A fire killed 21 people in a 28-story apartment in Wenzhou, China. Over 200 firefighters battled the fire for three hours.
Dec. 12 - A school shooting in a New Delhi school left one student dead. The shooting was a result of a feud between groups of eighth graders, and the police detained two 14-year-olds.
Dec. 14 - An exploding bomb on a New Delhi train killed five passengers. Adivasi National Liberation Army, a little-known militant group, took responsibility for the attack.
Dec. 17 - 300 prisoners, led by Maoists, broke out of jail in Central India.
Dec. 17 - Iranian police shut down 24 Internet cafes and coffee shops, and detained 23 people as part of a "crackdown on immoral behavior," said official news media. This step was the latest in a campaign against Western fashions and values deemed incompatible with Islamic values.
Dec. 13 - Three car bombs exploded in a city in southern Iraq, killing at least 27 and wounding over 150. It was the deadliest attack in months.
Dec. 10 - Eisai, a Japanese drug maker, said it would buy the American biopharmaceutical company MGI Pharma for $3.9 billion in cash. The move is an attempt to enhance their cancer drug business.
Tags: Roundup
Betsir Zemen. More »


Sen. Rand Paul's neighbor appeared in court Thursday and offered no explanation for allegedly attacking the senator and breaking his ribs.
Dressed in a suit and joined by attorney Matthew Baker, Rene Boucher pleaded not guilty to a charge of fourth-degree misdemeanor assault.
Sources told NBC News that the dispute began when Paul was attacked from behind while mowing his lawn while wearing headphones.
Baker told NBC News Thursday of the assault "It's not about politics" and "It's a messy yard." He said issues between the two men have been going on for a "long time."
Possible feuds over the property line, landscaping and politics have been floated as a possible motivation in the incident.
Baker said that in the neighborhood people are "meticulous" about the appearance of their home "and without disparaging our senator, he's not as meticulous as everybody else might be out there."
Doug Stafford, senior adviser to Paul, in a statement issued Thursday said "As to reports of a longstanding dispute with the attacker, the Pauls have had no conversations with him in many years."
"The first 'conversation' with the attacker came after Sen. Paul's ribs were broken," Stafford said in the statement. "This was not a fight, it was a blindside, violent attack by a disturbed person. Anyone claiming otherwise is simply uninformed or seeking media attention."
The current charge carries a sentence of up to 12 months in jail, but police told The Washington Post that the charges could rise to felony assault due to the severity of the senator's injuries. Paul tweeted that he had six fractured ribs.
Pressed by reporters outside the district court about the status of the charges, Warren County Attorney Amy Milliken said the charges could still change.
"Both the FBI and the Kentucky state police are continuing their investigation," she said.
Assaulting a member of Congress is a federal crime.
Boucher, who like Paul is a doctor, is required to stay 1,000 feet away from the senator unless the neighbor is in his home, when the distance is reduced to 200 feet. Violating the stay-away order, the judge noted, would be a separate misdemeanor.


text:
TLC/YouTube
Jill Duggar Revealed A "Fun Fact" About Watching TV Growing Up... On TV
By Casey Suglia
At this point, the Duggar family has been on TV for more than a decade. And while many of the children have essentially grown up on television, they're not as familiar with it as you may have expected. In fact, in a new Instagram post, Jill Duggar revealed a surprising fact about watching TV growing up with her siblings that some fans may find a little surprising.
The Duggar family has been on TV since 2004, starting with their first TV special, 14 Kids & Pregnant Again. Jill was just 13 years old at the time and she, along with her siblings and parents, Jim Bob and Michelle Duggar, practically grew up on camera from there. Since TV cameras have been a huge part of their lives for the past 15 years, one might think they've watched every episode of their own reality shows. But, according to Jill, watching their spin-offs, such as 19 Kids & Counting, wasn't part of their weekly routine. And if they did watch it, they would have to catch it outside of their home.
Jill shared this in the caption of a recent Instagram post. "Growing up in the Duggar family, we were given the rough cuts of the shows before they aired and were able to edit a little if need be, but since we didn't have a TV ourselves, we would usually only watch it on TV when visiting a friend, relative, or at a hotel with cable," she wrote.
Additionally, in the comments of the Instagram post, Jill's cousin, Amy Duggar, shared that they used to hang out and have "watch parties" for the show, though it's unclear how often these happened.
Jill revealed this fact about watching TV after her two young sons discovered that their family is, well, famous. In the same Instagram post, Jill wrote that she had put on an episode of her family's TLC reality show to distract her sons, only for her 4-year-old son, Israel, to recognize her maiden name, Duggar.
In 2017, Jill and her husband, Derick Dillard, left Counting On after appearing in the first few seasons of the show, according to People, and Israel was only two at the time. Jill actually gave birth to Israel on camera during an episode of 19 Kids & Counting in 2015, but he was too young to remember cameras being in his life.
Although the siblings still living in the Duggar home aren't allowed to watch broadcast TV, they are allowed to watch some shows and movies. In a 2011 interview with HuffPost, Jim Bob said that they ended up pulling cable TV from their home after it became too much of a distraction. But, they still watch "wholesome" family programs on DVD from time to time. "We are very selective about what we watch," he told HuffPost. Now that many of the Duggar siblings have children of their, it'll be interesting to see how they handle television in their own homes.


text:
Mark Stenzel Receives Distinguished Alumni Award
Stenzel one of eight 2015 alumni award winners.
Minnesota State University, Mankato Media Relations Office News Release, 5-22-2015
Mankato, Minn. – Mark R. Stenzel of Arlington, Va., recently received the 2015 Distinguished Alumni Achievement Award from Minnesota State University, Mankato.
Stenzel started his career as a chemist and then transitioned into becoming an industrial hygienist. Twelve years ago, he started his own company specializing in exposure and risk assessment. He is currently a co-investigator on a large government study that is evaluating potential adverse health effects of workers who were involved in the response and cleanup efforts related to the 2010 Gulf BP oil spill.
Stenzel is one of eight 2015 alumni award winners honored at an April 24 ceremony hosted by the Minnesota State Mankato Alumni Association.
Alumni Achievement Awards go to graduates who have achieved high rank or honor in their professions and have had a major impact on their communities.
Stenzel, a 1969 math and statistics graduate, later earned a master's degree and went to work as a chemist for a petrochemical company in Texas. He then transitioned into an industrial hygienist, someone who works on the anticipation, recognition, evaluation and control of health-related hazards. He was promoted to manager of industrial hygiene for the company. Later on, he moved to another company and became the director of health.
Stenzel is a member of the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), which named him as one of its prestigious AIHA fellows. He is also a member of the American Academy of Industrial Hygienists and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, and is board certified by the American Board of Industrial Hygienists.
Mark and his wife, Trish, currently live in Arlington, Va.
Those who want more information about the April 24 awards event may go to http://www.mnsu.edu/alumni/awards/ or call 507-389-3235.


Picture Spring: Today's prompt was all about dandelions, and experimenting with angles and light when shooting them. It's just a bit too early for dandelions here. Since finding a real dandelion seed head was not going to happen, I just decided to have fun with this and try making my own seeds. I had this idea at work, so I emailed Neil with instructions and he made them for me since I needed them to be ready when I got home (so I'd have time to take photos while there was still enough light). I don't think it took too long. The seeds are punched paper stars with straws hot-glued to them. As for the photo, it took quite a bit of trial and error to get a usable one! Sophia and Georgia helped me for a few minutes, then Neil. It was very hard to get the "seeds" in the shot. Also, when there was a bit of wind, they went some distance (just like real seeds!) and it took time to gather them up again.
Here are a couple more shots from today. The first one is an interesting, and very unexpected, result from putting my camera on shutter priority when I was trying to capture the fake dandelion seeds. I thought it looked pretty cool -- another one for "picture a canvas"! The next one is a little project that Georgia is working on. She LOVES to sort things and was begging me to find something for her to sort this evening, so I got out some scrapbooking embellishments for her to sort by colour. She has already sorted (with help from Madeline and Sophia in some cases) all of my buttons, brads, and flowers. I'm curious to find out what it will be like to have all of my scrapbooking stuff sorted by colour rather than type. I've heard it works well for some and wanted to try it.


Microsoft speaks for Quantum Computers this time!
Did you hear what Microsoft announced recently? After you listen, what they said you aren't going to stay apart from the entire news.
Recently on Monday, Microsoft, announced to work on a computer language that does not exist in reality. What! Is that so? This reaction is common from viewers.
The company throws a look at this news at its conference in Orlando, Florida. The entire language expected to run on the quantum simulator and also on the quantum computer as a part of Visual Products.
As per Jack E. Gold, these Quantum computers are certainly the next generation of computing phase. Launching of the program completed while presenting the company's progressing development tool. Now, what can this Quantum computing do? The basic purpose would be to produce wares that too for developers.
This was completed with the help of topological based qubit. In this frontier work, Microsoft desires to be top ranking. Though other companies did this launching beforehand, thus Microsoft too required the launch of language as soon as possible.
On a basic note, Qubits encoded information for Quantum Computers. They operate on two basic information states, zero and one. Microsoft traveled quite a less distance for Qubits, as compared to companies like IBM and Google. A number of laboratories in these two companies make usage of qubits for matured hardware solutions.
Microsoft is yelling to find ways that differ from the companies for using qubits and entering information through qubits. For any computational model, the holy grail of topological reasoning can easily abandon the domain specialty.
How the power gets tapped?
As mentioned by Charles King, Microsoft's qubit powers could be noticeable only in two manners.
Firstly, the company owns a varied computational project on quantum than those of others.
Secondly, the company widens their quantum solution scope to their audiences.
A way to control and read those quantum qubits to be introduced.
Stephen mentioned that a programming language could open up for more number of scopes that too for cybersecurity and other cryptography.
Programming through these quantum questions would bring lots of experiences for programmers. The Programmers always expected to get rigid to the computer. Thus this needs to be translated into the computer language for better understanding.
These Quantum Computers expected to include wider fields like a prediction of weather, the economic model of healthcare deliveries etc. The reality conversion of the quantum languages would bring many of the algorithms from public-key to existence.


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Congratulations! Your Roland DWX mill has an automatic tool changer (ATC) with multiple slots that allows you to get the most out of your tooling options. But wait… what's the need for multiple slots when most milling jobs require only two or three tools for the process?
Multiple ATC housings enable you to have carbide, diamond or hybrid tools stocked and available, making it possible to mill a wide range of dental materials. So, given that Roland mills have this capability, you may be unclear as to why the DWX-51D also features an additional tool housing in the storage drawer for unused burs. You may be wondering if there is any benefit to multiple housing units, or if there's a way to get more use out of the ATC?
Well, the answer is "yes," and the functionality is called "Intelligent Tool Control for Vpanel and the DWX-51D." Intelligent Tool Control gives you the ability to switch out burs automatically once a bur's replacement time has been reached even during the middle of a milling job. Now, instead of worrying about dull burs producing low-quality dental prosthesis, or stressing over tool life management, you can mill with confidence. Not only will the software manage tool life for you, it will also change out the tool automatically, even in the middle of the milling process.
So, how do we take advantage of Intelligent Tool Control for the DWX-51D? The first step, after powering up your machine, is to open the Vpanel software. Once you've done so, select the milling bur management icon and make sure all tools are registered with the recommended milling and replacement times. If this is your first time entering tool information into Vpanel, you may need to reset the timer before exiting out of the dialogue box.
After entering your tooling information into Vpanel, select the Stocker Setting button located at the bottom of the milling bur management dialogue box. Here, you can specify which tools you would like to have changed out automatically once the life of the bur has been expended. You can select up to five tools for automatic replacement. Lastly, be sure to place each tool in its proper slot. For example, if selecting Pattern 1 in the Stocker Setting dialogue box, you will need the same kind of bur in ATC slot 6 to match the bur in ATC slot 1.
Intelligent Tool Control will help maximize your productivity, while also giving you the peace of mind to manage other tasks. The greatest part about this feature is that updates are free! That's right, Vpanel software updates won't cost you a cent, and there are no subscriptions or related fees. All you need to do is download the latest update from the Roland DGA website. For more information on Intelligent Tool Control, download the latest User Manual from our website and be sure to check our support section for updates on a continual basis.
Built to make your set-up and operation far less complicated, find out more about the new DWX-51D for dry-milling zirconia, wax, PMMA and composite resin and the new DWX-4W for wet-milling glass ceramic and composite resin.
Dwight Blair, Dental Product Manager at Roland DGA has a diversity of dental industry experience in technical, production, marketing, and product development roles. As Dental Product Manager, Dwight is responsible for the strategy, roadmap, and feature definition of the DGSHAPE by Roland product line.He also writes and speaks with great authority about Roland dental products, CAD/CAM workflows and digital dentistry.
< Military Grade Prototyping with Tricom Research, Inc.


2+ years working with middle or high school-aged youth in any capacity; Demonstrated interest in and knowledge of pre-adolescent and adolescent girls'/gender non-conforming youth's social and emotional development and the issues facing this population; Familiarity with and comfort responding to a variety of social justice and cultural issues (racism, classism, homophobia, transphobia, sexism, ableism, etc.); High level of energy and enthusiasm; able to engage campers and be "on" all day; Strong time management skills, comfort being a leader, and ability to follow through; Preferred: knowledge of and experience with youth-driven, project-based learning; Preferred: experience using manual and/or power tools for carpentry and/or welding, or a desire to learn how.
Staff Training (at Center for Technology, Essex: June 25-28, 2019). Preference will be given to instructors who can work all weeks of a given program and/or both programs: Rosie's Girls® BUILD - Center for Technology, Essex | Essex, VT: July 8-12, 2019; Northfield Middle High School | Northfield, VT: August 12-16, 2019 / Rosie's Girls® WELD- Center for Technology, Essex | Essex, VT: July 15-19, 2019; Missisquoi Valley Union Middle High School | Swanton, VT: July 29- August 2, 2019; Burlington Technical Center | Burlington, VT: August 19-23.
Starting pay based on experience. $12.50-$14/hour; an additional bonus offered for working both programs and for returning instructors. Mileage reimbursements are available.
Submit your cover letter and resume and fill out an application at: https://vermontworksforwomen.wufoo.com/forms/zotmcop08usmzt/ Please contact job@vtworksforwomen.org with questions. Deadline to apply: March 1, 2019 by midnight.


This was the base graphic that I used for most of my designs for Signal Festival 2006. Later on I'll post some of those projects on the site. Due to time constraints for the festival that year, those designs are all pretty much just spin-offs of this design.
Logo mock-ups for Jim Maus & Associates: metal fabrication sales.


text:
Lathallan school johnshaven
Lathallan School A GSG School
Lathallan School
Brotherton Castle
Johnshaven
DD10 0HN
Head: Mr Richard Toley
W www.lathallan.org.uk/
An independent school for boys and girls aged from 1 to 18.
Boarding: Yes
Local authority: Angus
Religion: Non-denominational
Fees: Day £8,256 - £20,643; Boarding £25,590 - £28,299 pa
Open days: Open days - 7th October, 18th November 20th and December 2nd, 2021
Review: View The Good Schools Guide Review
What The Good Schools Guide says..
Music everywhere - bagpipe boxes all over the porch and hall when we visited, both girls and boys in pipe bands much in demand for charities and have entertained Princess Anne of late, played in the Angus show, the Glamis gathering, Hollyrood parliament etc. Pipes and drums played at the battlefields in Belgium and compete in the Royal Pipe Band competitions. Scottish country dancing no longer has parental input; marvellous photographs in the porch of a junior Scottish country dancing lesson – note the kilt loops and the ecstasy on the faces of the young...
Read review »
Lathallan is a unique school that inspires individuals to thrive in its idyllic learning location within a 19th Scottish century castle on the North Sea coastline between Angus and Aberdeenshire.
A sector leader in Outdoor Education, Lathallan has been the No.1 Independent School in Scotland for the Duke of Edinburgh's Award for the past four years.
Within the classroom, pupils are given outstanding opportunities to achieve their full potential through a focus on small class sizes, with an average of 12 pupils per class. With leading facilities such as a new science centre, unique treehouse classroom, pupils excel in all aspects of the curriculum.
On the sporting field, Lathallan thrives. In 2018, they won the Scottish Schools Netball Cup S2 Bronze and Senior Silver Open. Rugby is a core part of the school as it hosts an annual 7s event and over 20 per cent of the school roll perform regionally or nationally at sport.
Lathallan is a non-selective school that offers weekly, flexi and full-board and is accessible through direct bus links throughout Angus and Aberdeenshire.
To experience all that we offer, please visit us. Watch the videos on our social media channels and website for more information. ...Read more
All-through school (for example 3-18 years). - An all-through school covers junior and senior education. It may start at 3 or 4, or later, and continue through to 16 or 18. Some all-through schools set exams at 11 or 13 that pupils must pass to move on.
What The Good Schools Guide says
Since 2009, Richard Toley BA MPhil PGCE (40s), who joined Lathallan in 2006 as director of co-curriculum from nearby High School of Dundee. Degree from St David's Lampeter, MPhil from St Andrews and PGCE from Strathclyde. He and his wife live on site, with their young now in school.
A historian, charming and relaxed, Mr Toley teaches classics (as in classical studies) and history in the senior school, and runs school with senior school head, Duncan Lyall BSc PGCE (40s), an Edinburgh lad, and Pamela Hossick, head of junior school since 2020, who has been at the school since 2009.
Mr Lyall, who read mechanical engineering at Edinburgh, is married with a brace of young, and came to Lathallan from Peebles High, having previously taught in...
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Freedom from PTSD
by Erin Hayes-Oliver 3 months ago in interview
A story of depression and hope.
I've never had PTSD, but I've been with many a friend and family member who has, and still is, dealing with it. It can be crippling not only to the individual who has it, but also to the family and friends of that person as well. It's not something to take lightly, ever.
Here is a quick explanation of PTSD from the National Institute of Mental Health.
"PTSD is a disorder that develops in some people who have experienced a shocking, scary, or dangerous event."
"It is natural to feel afraid during and after a traumatic situation. Fear triggers many split-second changes in the body to help defend against danger or to avoid it. This "fight-or-flight" response is a typical reaction meant to protect a person from harm. Nearly everyone will experience a range of reactions after trauma, yet most people recover from initial symptoms naturally. Those who continue to experience problems may be diagnosed with PTSD. People who have PTSD may feel stressed or frightened even when they are not in danger."
Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs) can be just as damaging, if not more so. From memory issues to balance and coordination, they can shut someone's life down real quick. According to physio-pedia.com, "a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an insult to the brain, not of a degenerative or congenital nature, but caused by external physical force that may produce a diminished or altered state of consciousness, which results in an impairment of cognitive abilities or physical functioning."
This next story is about one such individual. His name is Khalid, and he was in the Army for seven years as an MP (military police). It was his job to protect Iraqi police stations. During his tour, he survived an explosion. It left him with PTSD, two herniated discs in his neck and a TBI. After that, he switched duty stations, working as an investigator and performing other law enforcement functions for the rest of his contract.
He believed he had his PTSD under control when he came back stateside, and became a federal corrections officer. He thought he'd found his career, and started taking steps to settle down with his wife. He bought a house, and life seemed good.
As time went on, he discovered that being in the corrections center triggered him very badly. He started feeling caged in, and trapped. Eventually, it got so bad that he was forced to quit, and gave the house back to the bank. This was in 2014, and he has not been in any type of law enforcement since.
His mood became dark, and he was well on to the way to suicide had he not picked up a joint. Cannabis apparently brought him back around, and he and his wife at the time packed up all their belongings and moved from Illinois to Washington where cannabis is legal.
In 2015, he moved to Alaska to be close to family, and got a job installing security systems in local dispensaries. After business dropped off, he started working at Cannabaska where he is currently the cultivation manager.
When I asked him how cannabis helps him in daily life, he explained to me that, due to the PTSD and TBI, he suffers from anxiety issues, loss of appetite, and nightmares. He can't sleep unless he smokes a joint before bed.
I asked him what happens if he doesn't smoke. He replied, "I start with general anxiety. My mind won't quit racing and it is hard for me to relax. I stress about little things more and more until I feel like crawling out of my own skin. I don't eat at all because I have no appetite so I lose a lot of weight. I don't sleep either so all these problems snowball to the point of anxiety attacks. I can't be in crowded places, either."
He went on further to explain, "Between weed and meditation these issues are controllable. The Army and VA have forced psych meds down my throat but two years ago I was able to dump those down the drain because I have cannabis."
"Weed has helped me find myself again. I live a very productive life..."
One thing I have noticed as I share these stories is the uncanny similarity. Cannabis has been effective in helping with the symptoms of TBIs and PTSD. I can only hope that by sharing these stories, we are reaching out to those who are suffering still. You are not alone, and there are alternatives.
Erin Hayes-Oliver
Read next: Top Stoner TV Shows
See all posts by Erin Hayes-Oliver →
Best Hemp Clothing Brands
Johnny Hash
For all of those who have never considered wearing a piece of clothing made out of hemp, it's time you look at some brands worldwide that are making an impact in the fashion industry. After doing so, you definitely are going to start looking differently this great fabric, which is one of the most durable of natural fibers.
Top Stoner Movies
Have you ever sat down with friends, your significant other, or just by yourself, to pick something to watch on TV? More to the point, have you ever sat there and spent the whole time you meant to be watching TV watching previews for an hour, unable to decide on what to watch? This happens to me all the time. Even when I am not stoned. It all comes down to data. How informed are you? Where can I turn to when I need a real recommendation? Sure, I could buy in to the notion that Netflix or Amazon have their amazing algorithms that determine just the right content for you to watch, but that works like shit if you have 10 family members and friends mooching off your account.
Ishmael Reed's Civil War Slavery Novel 'Flight To Canada'
In an era where racial tensions have risen and the country seems more divided than it has been since the 1960's on issues of racial divide, immigration and the lost white middle class, Flight to Canada seems as relevant today as it did when first published. We are living in a world of a counter culture renaissance. Most importantly the biggest counter cultural issue of the early 21st century is the legalization of marijuana.
Choosing the Right Seeds
Choosing the right seed is probably the most important decision that a grower makes. The seed, actually the fruit of the cannabis plant, properly known as an achene, contains, among other things, the germ plasma, or genetic material.
Mushrooms of Palenque
The ancient Mayas, Aztecs and pre Columbian inhabitants of Central and South America worshipped divine power in the cult of the sacred mushroom. Their word for the hallucinogenic variety. "teonanacatl," translates to "god's flesh." This apparent reference to an alternative form of holy communion profoundly offended the Catholic priests who came to the "new world" with the Spanish Conquistadores. They went to great lengths to suppress mushroom worship among the natives and completely destroyed those cults which worshipped the mushroom as a fertility symbol.
Famous Celebrities Who Smoke Weed
Emily McCay
"Celebrities, they're just like us!" might be a cliche, but it is also true. Nothing connects celebrities to the common man more than smoking weed. Sure, smoking marijuana goes along with the "Hollywood" party lifestyle, but recently celebrities have come out in support of the herbs medical benefits, in addition to its recreational uses. With uptick in popularity of legalization, it's not surprising that famous celebrities who smoke weed are no longer hiding their affection for the drug, but instead proclaiming it proudly.


Do rising rates trigger lower house prices?
It's a common belief in real estate that house prices are correlated to interest rates. The idea, beloved by homebuyers, is that if mortgage rates rise, prices of homes for sale must fall because otherwise those homes will become less affordable.
The problem with this belief is that, well, it's not true. In fact, there's no strong relationship between house prices and interest rates, according to Mark Palim, vice president for applied economic and housing research for Fannie Mae.
"Rates tend to rise because, in a relative sense, the economy is doing well, incomes are going up, people can afford more and they're willing to take out a larger mortgage. Intuitively, you'd think that if interest rates go up, of course, house prices go down. But they don't," Palim says.
"The bottom line is that other factors (like a stronger economy) have a bigger impact on house prices than changes in mortgage rates," blogger Bill McBride writes in a post on his financial blog, CalculatedRisk.com.
Still, the interplay of rates and prices encompasses a lot of factors, so some clarifications and caveats should be made clear.
In the past few years, inflation-adjusted house prices tended to move in the same direction of mortgage rates, not the opposite direction.
While interest rates don't have an obvious direct correlation with prices, long-term rate fluctuations can affect the volume of home sales, according to data tracked by the National Association of Realtors.
"Higher interest rates can negatively impact home sales, but prices move according to the relative supply and demand and have generally increased in declining sales markets," explains Realtors spokesman Walter Molony.
A sudden and unexpected rise in rates can not only cause slippage in home sales, but also trigger readjustment by current buyers, who might opt to make a larger down payment, buy a less expensive home, select an adjustable-rate mortgage with a lower starter interest rate or exit the housing market in hopes of lower rates in the future.
"You do see a market impact, but it's not just directly on prices," Palim says.
When rising rates force entry-level buyers to the sidelines, repeat buyers are affected as well, and that effect can spread through the housing market, says Greg Cook, a loan consultant at Platinum Home Mortgage in Temecula, Calif.
Rates also affect the tipping point at which renting or buying is more affordable for those who aren't already owners. In some cities, buying is a no-brainer unless rates rise stratospherically far above normal market levels. In other cities, rates as low as the 5 percent range could make renting more attractive than buying, reducing demand for homeownership in those areas.
Real estate investors might seem unconcerned about interest rates because they tend to pay cash. However, as Palim explains, investors do have one eye on alternative investments that can become more or less attractive relative to real estate as rates fluctuate.


Test landing page is important and essential for optimal functioning and success of a landing. There are two main tests for landing pages: Multivariate and A/B testing.
Multivariate testing is the testing of many factors that are found on the same page, it is A/B testing run concurrently. A/B testing sometimes called split testing compares two versions of a web page to see which one performs better.
It is an unpredictable testing method involves testing one change against another. What are the areas to test Landing pages?
The headline has to outline a summary of what product or service you offer and why it is better than its competitors.
In most situations you use it to define what the ultimate goal of a page is. A variation of product or service you provide or the main photo is also suitable to use.
Button design and design principles can be used to further improve appearance of the CTA.
It is advisable to decrease significantly the amount of field, or the information that any visitor is required to fill in or provide. In the event that a situation calls for a lot of information, you can use the test with varying amounts of information gathering.
You can make an informed decision afterward on what departure rate acceptable depending on what you produce.
Give preference to shorter copies but in the case of certain products, you can use long copies where details are necessary before the visitor makes any decisions.
They include adverts and exit navigations.
1.Run one test at a time. Testing several different things at the same times complicates the results received. It makes it difficult to identify what part of the outcome was a result of which problem.
2.Testing a variable at any particular time. For proper evaluation, you should isolate the variables and you will receive the correct assessment.
3.Test the entire landing page. Testing should be done for every single element in the landing page such as headlines, images etc.
Other than this, test the elements of any page against another similar page to yield better results and make the necessary minimal changes to ensure optimum performance of the page.
4.Test the minor changes that you have make. After making the simple changes necessary after the initial testing, redo the testing to ensure the changes made have provided the necessary impact.
5.Always set up control and treatment. Before you test landing page, retain an original version of the page you intend to test.
This is especially beneficial when you note down the effects and outcomes when you implement various variables.
6.Testing decisions. There are always several variables that you have to test. Therefore you should make a decision on what variables you test out of necessity as they have the largest impact on marketing and conversion of visitors to a site.
7.Test in similar environments and similar times. When test landing page, retain most of the constants to ensure accurate results. E.g. you can test only on the first day of the week.
Timing has always shown to be particularly important in determining the effects of certain aspects of a page on marketing. You should test two variations at the same time.
8.Identify the significance before you test. Always be aware of the importance of the test before doing it. Always draw statistics of the effects of the test.
Testing is necessary and is highly beneficial to ensure the success of any page and these guidelines to test landing page are great for a successful lander.
Realization of small changes should not necessarily be done immediately but done at the same time while accompanied by small changes to the appearance as it helps in revamping any page.


If you were given the actual structural design for how the universe works, how would you use it?
What would you create with it? Who would you be? What would you do differently?
I'm not referring to the Law of Attraction or anything remotely similar, but to what becomes possible when you plant the Seeds of Enlightenment.
Qigong Master Chunyi Lin uses the design of the universe to direct energies of the body to help people heal themselves. FengShui Master Marie Diamond uses it to direct energies of the environment to help people live in harmony and good fortune.
When you understand the natural mechanism of all existence, you can apply it to anything. Creativity … finance … visualization … relationships … manifestation … productivity … stress management … parenting … the possibilities are limitless. As I found out.
But how can you reach this level?
In early 2007 I met Jeddah Mali, a Spiritual Master, and I devoted an entire year to study with her personally. Just as I felt compelled to share Chunyi Lin with our clients when I met him and experienced Spring Forest Qigong in 1997… just as I had to introduce Marie Diamond when I met her and experienced Diamond FengShui in 2004, I must introduce you to Jeddah Mali and her unique ability to give you unfettered access to the universe.
I have spent the last few decades reading thousands of books, attending seminar after seminar, and listening to a gadzillion tapes and CDs. Never have I experienced anything quite like what I've experienced with Jeddah Mali.
Jeddah's ability to crystallize esoteric topics into everyday understandable words is equaled by no one I've met. When she speaks there's no New Age jargon, or gobbledygook as I call it, which can be prevalent in spiritual teachings.
She makes the invisible world of spirit real and accessible with direct and immediate implications for your everyday life.
I am thrilled to announce that after many requests from students around the world you can now get the first volume of Jeddah's teaching in a brand new, unmatched collection of eight meditations called Seeds of Enlightenment.
You will learn how the universe operates while meditating with Jeddah. You merely close your eyes while sitting in a relaxed environment. Follow along and witness in real time what she teaches. As she will speak, you will experience what she means immediately in the meditation. There is no better way to learn this.
You'll discover how every alteration in your thoughts affects your awareness, the energy all around. Change your thoughts, change your world. This is not about using your mind to change behaviors. It is much easier. It is about using your mind to change your energy so that the behavior automatically changes. The same holds true for every area of your life.
This kind of transformation can only occur through direct experience. It is of little use to read about it, talk about it, or even have a thorough intellectual understanding of it. You need to actually do it. As Jeddah guides you through the process, you simultaneously experience its transformation. That's why Jeddah teaches while you are in meditation.
As you use Seeds of Enlightenment, layer after layer of resistance dissipates.
Limitations fall to the wayside.
Restricting beliefs about your life and everything in it disintegrate.
You'll see why the Law of Attraction works, and you will go much deeper. Because you will be working on an energetic level, you will be working with thought and intention before it comes into being on the physical planes.
This gives you the opportunity to engage in creation as it happens. You will be creating an ideal energetic environment that affects everything in the physical world. That is a huge distinction, and I hope you get it.
It does not matter whether you are having strife with your neighbors, romance problems, or work pressures, you can use intention to set the powers of creation, the powers of the universe, to work on your behalf.
No matter what area you need help in, if you follow the guidance of Jeddah during the meditations, you will see an immediate result in your life.
No homework, no study … just relax, close your eyes, and be guided by Jeddah's beautiful words and music.
Best of all, you don't need to go through long, complex exercises or repeat mental processes over and over to make changes in your life. It happens instantly! When you understand how we are designed and how that design works, there is no limit to what you can experience.
This is a whole new look at self-improvement. When you work on the energetic level through meditation, you will see that your thoughts and intentions immediately transform the energy. As Jeddah says, "The energy is duty bound to respond." It cannot not respond.
These are the most exquisite meditations I have ever heard—the language is absolutely perfect. The music, created to dance with each word, adds a rare dimension that is missing in other meditations. I dare say that the pleasure you will receive from these meditations is beyond anything you have experienced in your life.
Beyond the pleasure and wonder of this work, however, is a tremendous freedom that surpasses the value of anything you might manifest with the program.
As a natural by-product of the work you do with Jeddah and Seeds of Enlightenment, no longer will you get caught up in the annoyances of life, the emotions, dramas, and tragedies of others, expectations, financial issues, or other concerns that arise. You will see them for what they are, and any grip they might have had on you loosens and disappears.
This is so freeing that it is beyond what most people conceive freedom to be! It gives you the ability to live your life -- even make decisions -- with a clear mind without your own emotions or that little voice in the back of your head getting in the way.
And with this freedom comes contentment so thorough and pervasive that it peaceably settles through every cell of your body for all time. You will find contentment waiting in line at the grocery store, sitting through staff meetings, mowing the lawn, doing your taxes … in anything you do.
You will still have difficult times and challenging situations, but the suffering aspect will be gone. Vanished! This is the end of suffering for you.
This is the beginning of your enlightenment.
As you do the Seeds of Enlightenment meditations you will make a shift from living as "a human being having a spiritual experience" to living as "a spiritual being having a human experience."
You will sense your body as a body of energy. You'll see how emotions are forms of energy.
You will know intentions and thoughts are energy, and how they instantly change all energy as soon as you make an intention or thought.
You'll explore how your energy actually expands beyond your physical body -- about six feet all around you. You'll play with the different layers of energy, you'll see how they interact with each other, and you'll see how they interact with the rest of the universe in ways that will impact your daily life.
As Chunyi Lin says with Spring Forest Qigong, "I am in the universe. The universe is in my body. The universe and I combine together." Experiencing that as truth, not just knowing about it, creates enlightenment. …when you realize the truth in every moment of every day that you and the universe are one. It brings you immense freedom from the trials and tribulations of everyday life and freedom to create whatever you want for yourself.
I wrote every word in this letter from my own personal experiences, and I highly encourage you to try it out for yourself. It is absolutely for real. Get your very own Seeds of Enlightenment today.
P.S. When your package arrives, listen to Jeddah's introduction, and then begin with your first meditation. Jeddah recommends that you use Seeds of Enlightenment as an eight-week course. Focus on a different meditation each week, following them in order. Do so without pressure or the need to accomplish anything. You have nothing to prove to yourself or anyone else. This is an exploration of your existence, not a race or list of things to do. You are planting and nurturing seeds that will bloom throughout your life.
P.P.S. There is only one way to know whether Seeds of Enlightenment is right for you: follow your intuition. If you sense you will find personal benefit in these meditations, then order your private set today. When we here at Learning Strategies chose to work with Jeddah Mali to bring these meditations to the world, we had someone like you in mind. While we ardently believe that everyone should experience life through the enlightenment that this work gives you, we understand that not everyone is ready. If you're ready, order today. We are ready to support you. Here's what others are saying.
"These are the best meditations I have ever listened to. I ordered eight more sets and have been giving them away to friends. I have found myself living more in the 'Now.' Whenever I find myself with a problem, I now know to change my intention and surrender it much more quickly. I was going to South Africa and was concerned about our safety. I used the 'Trust and Surrender' meditation a lot. We had a fabulous, safe, and extraordinary trip. I think this course is absolutely fantastic!"
"Now I know what heaven tastes like!"
"I listen to Jeddah Mali's meditations almost every day. While my life is still stressful, I am calmer. I handle 'crises' in my life with more grace and serenity. I was well on my way to a stomach ulcer, but these meditations have helped considerably. I have a better understanding of how the universe works and am finding my way to a happier, more peaceful life. Thank you!"
"I have been in Iraq since the end of 2005 as a civilian contractor. A lot of life-changing events have happened to me that might cause most people to fall apart. Something has always kept pulling me or pushing me to where I need to go. So I keep going no matter what. Lately my mind had been very full of random thoughts, and I was not able to get into a good meditative state. Seeds of Enlightenment has helped me open up my heart again and be a more whole person. I can't thank you enough."
"Seeds of Enlightenment has helped me to cope and be at peace with the sudden death of my beloved husband. Experiencing the sea of awareness in a meditative state brings me comfort and serenity."
"Before starting Jeddah Mali's course, I had problems at home and work that stressed me. My temper had worsened. I felt anger easily. I became less happy and distanced myself from friends and family. I realized I had to put a stop to it all this. I started to meditate, which I had never done before, and the results are amazing. I am happier, calmer, and less angry, and my friends noticed that I was more friendly and fun to be around—all this from only the second meditation. Thank you for bringing this course to me."
"I have been meditating for years. With other meditations, I often got bored and frustrated, as my mind has a difficult time slowing down. Jeddah Mali's meditations allowed me to relax and get to levels I had not gotten to before. I felt an amazing sense of peace and freedom. This is the only meditation set that I completed all the way through, even though sometimes the only time I had was in my car at lunch breaks. I see changes all over my life. My job and coworkers are both more enjoyable and much less stressful than before. At first I thought it was a fluke or a coincidence, but I have a deep knowing now that it is not. My relationship is deeper and happier, where before there was doubt and anger. People have become friendlier and more helpful. I can actually see how my actions and thoughts affect my life, even through the lives of others, where before it was hidden. Where I have changed, I find this change in my world, and it just keeps getting better. Thank you!"


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Q: Races and Circular Tracks Adam and Bob are running on a circular track of circumference 1500 m. They start simultaneously from point A in the same direction. Ratio of their speeds is 5:3 respectively. If they keep running , then at how many different points can they meet?
a)Two b)One c)Three d)Data Insufficient

A: Hint: convert $1500\ m \rightarrow 2\pi$ and work some trigonometric magic. The two runners meet when the difference in their phases ($5t-3t$) is a multiple of $2\pi$. You still have to find all positions, however...

A: Adam and Bob meet when Adam is ahead by an integer number of laps.  When Bob has run 3 laps, Adam has run 5 and they both meet back at the starting location.  The question is where do they meet when Adam is one lap ahead?


This Web Page is dedicated to the arts, skills and lore of the Mountain Man and is intended to be a resource for all aspects of life in the mountains and the men who lived there. The focus of the site is on the American Mountain Man from 1804 to 1840, however, it includes information from the earliest 1600's to the 1870's. Whether you are interested in the equipment and gear used by the Mountain Men, the lives and tales of the individuals in their own personal struggles to survive and succeed in the wilderness, aspects of everyday living in the first half of the 19th Century, or in the rise and fall of political and commercial empires related to the fur trade across North America, there should be something here for you.
And just a caveat here: I endeavored to present this information as accurately as possible. However, the subject of the mountain men has been filled with myth and fiction, so much so that even thoughtful histories have perpetuated some of these inaccuracies, and in the past I know that I have gotten caught up in some of these. If you should find that I've erred in the material I'm presenting I would be pleased to hear from you.