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Senator Sanders Proposes a Tax on "Extreme" Wealth
Taylor LaJoie
On Tuesday, Presidential candidate and Senator Bernie Sanders (I-VT) released a wealth tax proposal which includes a progressive tax on household assets and income over $32 million (for married couples). Sander's goal is to target "extreme wealth" and the tax would only be levied on the top 0.1 percent of American households annually.
Sanders's wealth tax would begin with a 1 percent tax on net worth above $32 million (for a married couple), rising to 2 percent once net worth reaches $50 million. The tax continues to increase with income, so net worth between $250 and $500 million is taxed at 3 percent, $500 million to $1 billion at 4 percent, $1 to $2.5 billion at 5 percent, $2.5 to $5 billion at 6 percent, $5 to $10 billion at 7 percent, and all wealth above $10 billion at 8 percent. For non-married filers, the extreme wealth tax brackets would be halved, avoiding marriage penalties (e.g. $50 to $250 million for a married couple would be $25 to $125 million for a single filer).
Extreme Wealth Tax Rate
$32-50 million 1%
$50-$250 million 2%
$250-$500 million 3%
$500 million-$1 billion 4%
$1-$2.5 billion 5%
$2.5-$5 billion 6%
$5 to $10 billion 7%
Above $10 billion 8%
The plan would also call for the IRS to assess the net worth of the wealthiest Americans annually in order to levy the tax. The extreme wealth tax would apply to all assets owned by the top 0.1 percent of filers each year, regardless of whether those filers sell or transfer them. For assets which are not easily appraised, the plan would allow the Treasury department to create their own system of average tax rates based on several "classes of assets" and appraise them "periodically" rather than annually.
Two economists associated with the campaign, Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman, estimate that the tax would raise $4.35 trillion over the next decade. However, this revenue estimate is likely much too optimistic. Sanders wants to help fund many of his priorities with this additional revenue. However, due to the design of the tax, specifically the high rates for billionaires, less revenue would be raised over time as taxpayers' assets are taxed away.
The tax would be progressive and tax some currently untaxed capital income, but it would also increase the effective tax rate on saving. An 8 percent wealth tax would result in negative after-tax returns for most assets. The tax would likely lead to a decline in national saving, which would make the nation poorer as a whole.
Sanders is now the second major Democratic presidential candidate to propose a wealth tax. Elizabeth Warren previously proposed a wealth tax, but at lower rates.
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A tax bracket is the range of incomes taxed at given rates, which typically differ depending on filing status. In a progressive individual or corporate income tax system, rates rise as income increases. There are seven federal individual income tax brackets; the federal corporate income tax system is flat.
A wealth tax is imposed on an individual's net wealth, or the market value of their total owned assets minus liabilities. A wealth tax can be narrowly or widely defined, and depending on the definition of wealth, the base for a wealth tax can vary.
A progressive tax is one where the average tax burden increases with income. High-income families pay a disproportionate share of the tax burden, while low- and middle-income taxpayers shoulder a relatively small tax burden.


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— Opinion —
What Is A Woman? Why The Left Can't Answer The Question
By Matt Walsh
Gender idealogues say that Lia Thomas is a woman, but they cannot tell you what they mean when they say that. What is a woman? Gender theory has made it so that the word "woman" itself, and the word man, have no meaning. Leftists, because of their ideological commitments, cannot define the terms. They say trans women are women. They say that someone can start out life as a male and transition into a woman. But how can I understand any of these claims and declarations if I do not know how they define the word woman? And how can they make any meaningful statements about women if they themselves do not know what they mean by it? So I ask very simply, as I have been asking for years, as I asked on Dr. Phil: what is a woman?
They say that biology has nothing to do with womanhood. Well, then what does have something to do with womanhood? If we cannot define a woman physically, how can we define her? What is a woman? What does the word mean? If you are on the Left, what exactly are you trying to say the word, woman, means? When you say that such and such biological man is a woman, what are you actually trying to convey about that person? What do you mean that Lia Thomas is a woman? What is that supposed to mean?
Watch the trailer for Matt's new documentary What Is A Woman:
I have been told, by the few that attempted to give an answer, that a woman is anyone who identifies as a woman. But that definition doesn't work because you can't use the word you're defining in the definition. If I ask you for the definition of "apple" and you tell me "an apple is that which is an apple" — or even worse, "that which looks like an apple" — you have told me nothing about apples. The same goes for a woman.
You might say that a woman is an adult human female or anyone who identifies as an adult human female. But that is just another way of saying that a woman is an adult human female or not an adult human female. And that's just another way of saying that a woman is nothing in particular. "Woman" has no definition if that is the definition. Also, the person offering that definition is him or herself drawing a distinction between a person who is the thing and a person who identifies as the thing. By drawing the distinction, a person is admitting that there is a definitional difference. The very phrase "trans women are women" seems to admit, in its construction, that trans women are not women. If they were women, why are you calling them trans? What does the trans part denote? In order for the phrase "trans women are women" to mean anything, trans women have to be a category distinct from women. If they aren't, then the phrase is a meaningless redundancy. But if they are distinct, then they aren't women. So if "trans women are women," means anything, it means nothing.
What is a female? Well, a female is someone with XX chromosomes, a female reproductive system, female gametes, or eggs, and the ability in principle to ovulate and bear offspring. There are females who suffer from illnesses, injuries, or malformations — or who simply are post-menopausal — which prevent them from bearing offspring. This does not make them any less female. It is instead an exception that proves the rule.
Here's why: When a female cannot bear children, we know that something has prevented an otherwise natural process. But when a man cannot bear children, we know that it is not a sign of anything having gone wrong, because men are not supposed to bear children, and no man in history ever has. If, as a woman, you go to the doctor and tell him that you are unable to conceive children in your womb, he will run some tests to figure out why, because a reason preventing normal child bearing exists. If, as a man, you go to the doctor and tell him that you are unable to conceive children in your womb, he will run some tests to figure out what's wrong with your mind. Or at least, that's how he would have responded until recently. Now, because society has lost its mind, he might give the man hormone pills to help him transition into a woman. But you will note that, even after transition, still the man will not be able to ovulate or conceive children or perform any other exclusively female function, because he is not a female, and will never be one.
Thomas is and will always be a male, with XY chromosomes, male anatomy (as the women who've seen him in the locker room have attested), and male gametes. But there is a lot more to being a male than just that. Indeed, the physical differences between men and women are not confined to the reproductive system. They can be found in every bodily system. In every part of the body. Lia Thomas, like any male, is male down to his bones, down to his cells, down to his DNA. When he dies and is buried beneath a giant monument celebrating him as history's greatest female athlete, 100 years hence he could be excavated and his bones analyzed and scientists will be very confused to discover that the greatest female athlete is a male. His bones will attest to the biological reality. They will not declare his pronouns or affirm his self-perception. There will be no self. The self is gone. But the man remains.
Many of these biological differences happen to give him a distinct advantage over women in sports, especially swimming. When Thomas got in the pool earlier this month at Georgia Tech, he swam against people with 20 percent less muscle mass on average, 40 percent less upper body strength, 33 percent less lower body strength, as well as smaller fast-twitch muscle fibers, smaller lungs, smaller hearts, shorter legs, more estrogen and less testosterone, and a lower capacity to produce oxygen when they exert themselves. Courageously, Thomas has chosen to race against people who have literally dozens of immutable biological disadvantages in comparison to himself.
These advantages are why the fastest man in the world is always faster than the fastest woman. And if the fastest man dies, the next fastest will be faster than the fastest woman. In fact, if the 100 fastest men all got on a plane to go on a fastest man retreat, and the plane tragically crashed, and they all died, the 101st fastest man, who is now the fastest man by inheritance, would still be faster than the fastest woman. And then the next 100 fastest men, if they tried to go to the same retreat, and they all crashed and died too, the next batch of 100 would still all be faster than the fastest woman, and so on. Same for the strongest men vs the strongest women. The Olympics attest to this. There has never been a time — never, not ever — when the women's racing or swimming champions were faster on average than the men. It has never happened, ever, in history, and never will. These advantages are why there is a whole website dedicated to comparing high school boys track and field champions against female Olympians.
The high school boys outperform the female olympians in almost every category, by huge margins. Here is an example. The New Balance Nationals Outdoor meet is one of the preeminent high school track meets in the country. If the 2016 High School Boys Finalists in the 100 meter were to have raced against the 2016 female Olympic finalists, the fastest woman would have come in 9th place. 9th. Gold, silver, bronze, and places 4 through 8 would all be held by high school boys, against female Olympians. This holds true in almost every event. And it's not just track, and not just hypothetical. Back in 2017, a team of 15-year-old boys scrimmaged against the U.S. Women's National Soccer Team and won, handily, 5 to 2. Male and female athletes are so different, separated by such a vast biological chasm, that you can actually count the total number of dunks made by WNBA players in the history of the league. That number: 28. And 23 of them were by the same player. There's a player in the NBA who dunked the ball 300 times by himself in one season. That's one player in one year dunking it ten times more than the entire WNBA over the course of a quarter century. Men and women are different. A lot different.
Men are stronger. They are faster. They are better at almost every competitive sport. Literally every line of evidence supports this. All of the evidence — all of it — supports the claim that men in general have biological advantages over women in sports. There is no evidence going the other way. Which is why the gender ideologues on that side do not produce evidence. They have none to produce. They cannot defend their position. They cannot even really explain it because they run into a basic logical problem.
What it comes down to is that if the word woman means nothing, it would be nonsensical to identify as one, given that you're identifying as something that is not really anything. Is a woman, in the end, just anyone who enjoys feminine things or dresses in a feminine way? Well, that can't be it because we can't define "feminine" until we have defined "woman." Besides, the Left has been trying to break down the societal constructs of feminine vs masculine for years. You can't go from "not all women should be expected to be feminine" to "the only defining characteristic of womanhood is femininity." You can't do a 180 and undermine everything you've been saying for the last 60 years and expect some sense to come from that. So what is a woman, according to the Left?
They cannot answer. They insist that our conception of womanhood is wrong and then when we ask them what the right conception is, they shrug their shoulders. "We don't know what a woman is," they say, "but whatever a woman is, Lia Thomas is it." This is nonsense. And we all know that it is nonsense. Even most of them know that it is nonsense. Yet we are supposed to cooperate with the idea anyway. We are supposed to abandon all the fundamental truths that all of us know, and have always known, and we are supposed to do it for no reason other than the fact that it will hurt the feelings of whoever identifies as trans if we don't. And of course, those feelings are the only feelings that matter. Those feelings, for some reason, are supposed to outweigh the feelings of women who don't want their sports destroyed and their privacy invaded and their very identities appropriated and stolen, cheapened, fetishized, turned into a Halloween costume. The feelings of a million women are dust when stacked up against the feelings of one gender confused dude. All of reality is dust. The truth is dust. Biology. Everything. All of it is to be discarded for one trans person's feelings.
Well, I say: no. I urge you all to say "no." Do not affirm what you know are lies. Do not cooperate with what you know is wrong. Do not abandon what you know is true. Do not pretend to believe what you do not believe. It takes courage to say no in this world. It's a word that is not said nearly enough. But all of the gender ideologues need to hear it now. All of the liars and frauds trying to coerce and shame us into surrendering our common sense need to give ear. All of the cry-bullies using emotional blackmail because they have no arguments and everyone demanding that we pretend to believe what we do not believe need to hear it. All of them, everywhere, they all need to hear a resounding voice of reason and conviction saying: no.
The views expressed in this opinion piece are the author's own and do not necessarily represent those of The Daily Wire.
The Daily Wire > Read > What Is A Woman? Why The Left Can't Answer The Question

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2 Panel Presentation By: Lynette Monteiro, Dr. Nazila Isgandarova & Helen Prince Practising the art of losing: A Buddhist perspective of connections will describe Buddhist concepts that help us understand loss and bereavement through an overview of a Buddhist perspective of grief and the rituals that support life after loss. Using the approach of contemplative care, I will also describe the current approach to grief and resilience through post-trauma growth. Lynette Monteiro is a psychologist and ordained Buddhist chaplain/spiritual care provider and a Zen practitioner. She is a trained teacher of mindfulness and mindful self-compassion and a published author in the areas of Buddhism, psychology and spirituality. She works in private practice in Ottawa. An Islamic Approach to Spirituality and Grief will explore themes such as the definition of death, grief and spirituality in Islamic sources. In addition to exploring some examples of good practice, we will focus on themes such as needs that are most important in Islamic faith and culture and ways to support those who are grieving. We will also discuss and identify ways in the Islamic tradition that encourage the use of grief for the purpose of change and growth. Dr. Nazila Isgandarova is Spiritual and Religious Care Coordinator at the Ontario Multifaith Council and a Spiritual Care Provider at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. She specializes in spiritual care and counselling. As an internationally published researcher and speaker, she focuses on Islamic thought, counselling, spiritual and religious care in a healthcare setting, counselling in a multi-faith context, and Muslim identity in the West. Because of her active and passionate focus on issues in Islamic spiritual care and multifaith counselling, she has been nominated for the 2014 CASC (Canadian Association for Spiritual Care) Research Award. After-death communication is a common human experience, whereby the bereaved perceive direct and spontaneous contact with deceased persons. About 30 to 35 percent of the general population will experience ADC sometime during their lifetime. However, the stigma often attached to ADC experience denies exploration of their healing and comforting potential. Helen Prince is a doctoral candidate in the Doctor of Ministry program at Saint Paul University, where she researches After-Death Communication. She holds degrees in theology, education and religious studies. For over 20 years, she was an adult educator and religious education specialist with the Ottawa-Carleton Catholic School Board, and currently volunteers as a facilitator with Bereaved Families of Ontario in Ottawa. Helen is an after-death communication experiencer. The panel presentations will be followed by a period of questions and answers.
3 First Block of Workshops Workshop 1: Voice Movement Therapy by Chris MacLean This workshop will be an introduction to the basic principles of Voice Movement Therapy through exploration of breath; moving and sounding into the energetic sphere; and simple collaborative exercises in song creation. Expect moderate movement and sound making. No previous experience or skill is required. Please bring a journal. Chris MacLean is an award winning singer-songwriter with over 25 years of performing, recording and touring. At the heart of Chris s work is a desire to help others to sing, speak, and make lots of sound; to be comfortable in their bodies; to express that which words sometimes can not; and to experience and enjoy how liberating and empowering creative self-expression can be. Workshop 2: The Labyrinth and Spirituality by Beverly Chen The labyrinth, an ancient, spiral circle pattern, has crossed cultural and religious boundaries around the world. In our times, the labyrinth has become a path for walking meditation and embodied prayer that can lead to personal and spiritual healing and growth. This workshop will provide an opportunity to learn more about labyrinth walking, especially its use as a spiritual practice in the midst of grief. It will include a walk on a small floor labyrinth. Beverly Chen, Veriditas Certified Labyrinth Facilitator, has been facilitating labyrinth walking as a spiritual practice since Her services include labyrinth presentations, walks, and workshops and integrating the labyrinth into retreats and conferences. She has introduced the labyrinth across Canada to many church congregations and healthcare communities (especially chaplains, patients, and family caregivers). Workshop 3: Native Healing Circle by Morning Star This workshop will be a teaching and sharing circle focused on care for your emotional, mental, physical and spiritual self. The circle will include prayer-songs, teachings from the Wisdom-Fires of Native spirituality, and a chance for each member to share what is in their hearts and minds. Healing circles help the individual to bring peace into their lives and to empower their inner world, bringing wellness on all levels of existence. Morning Star was born on the Ft.McKay Cree First Nation Reserve in Alberta. She moved to Quebec in 1974, raised a family of four, and is now a Grandmother. Having lost her culture and Native identity through the Residential School Era, she came back to her Native teachings and spirituality in Through the wisdom of Native Elders, Morning Star offers spiritual guidance and self-care to all who seek wellness. The Aboriginal community appointed her Elder and cultural ambassador, also, a compassionate guide to many.
4 Workshop 4: The Poetry of Grief by Janice Falls This workshop focuses on the value of poetry, especially when spoken, as a spiritual tool in working with grief. Poems can be transformative by using language that speaks the unspeakable, that gives comfort, that becomes a companion through difficult times. Specific poems will be shared along with discussion about how they can help someone go more deeply into their own experience and use these poems as medicine for their losses. Janice Falls, M.Ed., is in private practice with a focus on grief and loss, as well as conscious living and dying. She has a longtime commitment to the practice of mindfulness (present moment awareness without judgment) and how we can bring this into our daily lives. She is also studying the transformative use of poetry as a way to deepen the connection with self and others, and its place in grieving. Second Block of Workshops Workshop 5: Voice Movement Therapy by Chris MacLean This workshop will be an introduction to the basic principles of Voice Movement Therapy through exploration of breath; moving and sounding into the energetic sphere; and simple collaborative exercises in song creation. Expect moderate movement and sound making. No previous experience or skill is required. Please bring a journal. Chris MacLean is an award winning singer-songwriter with over 25 years of performing, recording and touring. At the heart of Chris s work is a desire to help others to sing, speak, and make lots of sound; to be comfortable in their bodies; to express that which words sometimes can not; and to experience and enjoy how liberating and empowering creative self-expression can be. Workshop 6: Woven Fine: Turning towards our sorrow with compassion by Lynette Monteiro In this workshop on the process of grieving, we will begin with a practice of befriending ourselves and learning how to embrace our fractures and frailties so that healing can occur. We will learn how to turn towards our pain and meet it without self-criticism or diminishing it. Through exercises designed to soften our stance to ourselves and others, we will practice giving and receiving in ways that regenerate rather than deplete us. Lynette Monteiro is a psychologist and ordained Buddhist chaplain/spiritual care provider and a Zen practitioner. She is a trained teacher of mindfulness and mindful self-compassion and a published author in the areas of Buddhism, psychology and spirituality. She works in private practice in Ottawa.
Embrace your inner wisdom with Crone.
Prepared by Lori Spagna and efil s god, efil s god Dog Training and efil s god Spirit. Sent to You with Love. Page 1. All rights reserved.
3 Simple Steps to Effective Energy Healing and Seeing and Experiencing Fast and Effective Results When Working with Animals and Humans ~ Tools Every Energy Healer Needs to Know Page 1. All rights reserved.
WHOLE HEALTH: CHANGE THE CONVERSATION Advancing Skills in the Delivery of Personalized, Proactive, Patient-Driven Care Spiritual Assessment Tools Clinical Tool This document has been written for clinicians.
Copyright 2014 by Chris R. Glaser. Permission granted for non-profit distribution with attribution of author and venue. Other rights reserved.
thank you Thank you for purchasing this process from lifecoachestoolbox.com Life Coaches Toolbox is a collection of 160+ modern Life Coaching Processes to help you reset your body, mind, heart or soul.


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Home > Military Compensation SRCA Manuals and Resources Library > Death Handbook > Ch 1 Legislation and Definitions > 1.6 Reimbursement of funeral expenses (to a max benefit) - S18 of the SRCA
1.6 Reimbursement of funeral expenses (to a max benefit) - S18 of the SRCA
Section 18 provides that in cases of a compensable death, the Commonwealth is liable to pay or contribute to the cost of the funeral.
The amount payable is, '..as Comcare considers reasonable..' but up to a maximum amount which is also indexed on 1 July each year.
Funeral costs are driven by the personal preferences – and the cultural or religious orientation – of the deceased employee's family. In practice, delegates should therefore avoid judging whether the costs of the funeral are 'reasonable' or not. The delegate's only action should be to pay 100% of the costs of any funeral where those costs are less than the maximum allowance, and pay only that maximum $ figure for any funeral which exceeded those limits.
The S18 reimbursement of funeral costs is paid 'to the person who paid the cost of the funeral or, if that cost has not been paid, to the person who carried out the funeral'. Thus, the S18 payment is made independently of any payment made under S17 and may be made to a different person, i.e. depending on who paid for the funeral. The S18 payment does not need to be incorporated into the same Determination as that which establishes the entitlements under S17. However, a determination that the deceased's accepted condition resulted in their death must be made before any funeral b — enefits can be paid.
The "Claim for compensation for Funeral expenses and/or Death Benefits for Dependants of deceased members and former members of the Australian Defence Force" form (D9182 in the forms section of the intranet and DVA internet site) is to be used for claiming funeral expenses.
What constitutes a 'funeral'?
"Funeral" is not defined in the Act. Therefore, any range of genuine memorialisation acitivies are compensable, provided that the Department is not paying more than the maximum amount across the actiivities or ceremonies in totality.
Multiple Claimants
A payment will generally be payable only once for each accepted death. However, this payment can be split between multiple claimants if more than one person incurred a cost connected with the funeral, as long as the maximum payment is not exceeded.
Eligibility under more than one Act
Where a person has dual eligibility under the VEA and SRCA, there is nothing in the SRCA that precludes payment of a funeral benefit under both Acts. However, subsection 18(2)(b) of the SRCA requires the delegate, in determining the amount payable, to have regard to the amount paid for the cost of the funeral under any other Commonwealth legislation. This being the case, t — he delegate should reduce the amount payable for the funeral by the amount of VEA compensation paid, unless the cost of the funeral exceeds the statutory limit for compensation payable under s18 of the SRCA (in which case up to the maximum amount may be paid).
Subsection 15(5) of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Act 2004 states that if a person has dual eligibility for funeral benefit u — nder either the VEA or SRCA, as well as the MRCA, then the benefit is to be paid under the MRCA only.
Note that funerals of persons who were full time serving members at the time of death, are conducted at the ADF's expense. This is a condition of service and delegates should not be involved in making a determination under S18 in those cases.
Source URL (modified on 14/08/2018 - 11:52am): http://clik.dva.gov.au/military-compensation-srca-manuals-and-resources-library/death-handbook/ch-1-legislation-and-definitions/16-reimbursement-funeral-expenses-max-benefit-s18-srca


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__KEIN_INHALTSVERZEICHNIS__
Vlaada Chvátil (eigentlich: Vladimír Chvátil; * 14. September 1971 in Jihlava, Tschechien) ist ein tschechischer Spieleautor und Mitbegründer des Spieleverlags Czech Games Edition (CGE).

Leben
Chvátil wurde 1971 in Jihlava geboren. Er studierte in Brünn Informatik, wo er seit seiner Jugend lebt. Sein Studium schloss Chvátil mit einer Arbeit über "Taktische und strategische Computerspiele" ab und arbeitete anschließend als Entwickler und Projektmanager von Computerspielen.

2006/2007 gründete er zusammen mit Petr Murmak, Filip Murmak und Ladislav Smejkal den tschechischen Spieleverlag Czech Games Edition. 2019 wurde er in die Hall of Fame des Origins Award aufgenommen.

Ludografie (Auswahl)
 1997: Arena: Morituri te salutant (Altar Games)
 2002: Prophecy (Altar Games/Z-Man Games)
 2003: Prophecy: Dragon Realm (Altar Games/Z-Man Games)
 2006: Im Wandel der Zeiten – Eine Geschichte der Zivilisation (Czech Board Games/Pegasus Spiele)
 2006: Grænaland (Czech Board Games/Altar Games)
 2006: Prophecy: Water Realm (Altar Games/Z-Man Games)
 2007: Galaxy Trucker (CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2008: Space Alert (CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2008: Galaxy Trucker – The Big Expansion, Erweiterung (CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2009: Dungeon Lords (CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2009: Babes in the Wood (DinoToys)
 2010: Travel Blog (CGE)
 2010: Coup Royal – Die Krone des Verbrechens (Sneaks & Snitches, CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2010: Space Alert – Unendliche Weiten (The New Frontier), Erweiterung (CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2011: Dungeon Petz (CGE/Z-Man Games)
 2012: Mage Knight – Das Brettspiel (WizKids/Pegasus)
 2013: Die Arena von Tash-Kalar (Tash-Kalar – Arena of Legends, CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2015: Codenames (CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2016: Was 'ne Frage (CGE)
 2016: Star Trek: Frontiers (mit Andrew Parks; WizKids)
 2017: Codenames: Pictures (CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2017: Codenames: Duet (CGE/Heidelberger Spieleverlag)
 2018: Mage Knight: Ultimate Edition (WizKids)

Auszeichnungen

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Website von Czech Games Edition (englisch, tschechisch)

Spieleautor
Geboren 1971
Tscheche
Mann

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"One By One" campaign which runs from February 17 to May 16, 2014!
One By One we will grow the Legion ranks. Sign up one new member and you could win a fabulous Caribbean Cruise. Share your pride in the Legion by signing up a new member and you'll be doing your part to ensure the future of your Legion. One By One we all make a difference for Remembrance, for our communities and for our Veterans. To help us grow, we are holding a Canada-wide membership drive, and we need your help! Share your pride in the Legion and encourage a family member or friend to sign up today. With every member you sign up, you receive a contest ballot towards our grand prize of a Caribbean Cruise! And every new member enters your branch in our monthly draws for a gift certificate to the winning branch. Participating in One By One benefits both you and your branch!


Thomas Carlyle Ford, better known today as Tom Ford, is an American fashion designer and film director. Initially trained as an architect at Parsons School of Design, Ford spent a year working abroad at an internship for fashion house Chlo̩ and developed a feel for the fashion industry.
Ford concealed his architecture background and displayed considerable personal charm in his pursuit of a job in the fashion industry. His first position was with American designer Cathy Hardwick. He accepted a position with Perry Ellis, but knew better prospects were available in Europe. Prestigious Italian fashion house Gucci was struggling at the time, and Ford accepted a position in Gucci's women's Ready-to-Wear division in 1990. Ford achieved considerable success at Gucci, eventually heading up multiple divisions before being named Creative Director in 1992. Ford's efforts were pivotal in Gucci's turn-around. The company was nearly bankrupt when Ford joined the organization, but when he left in 2004, the company's value had more than doubled. During Ford's tenure with Gucci, the company acquired Yves Saint Laurent, and Ford created provocative, controversial and highly successful ad campaigns for YSL fragrances Opium and M7. These ads were an early indicator of Ford's future direction.
Inspired by the luxury Italian riviera resort town of Portofino, recognised for its opulent old-world glamour, dramatic landscape and tradition.


Acquia is so young. It is only three years old and concentrates almost solely on free source platform Drupal, which helps its meriting a spot on Forbes bead-roll of 100 most suggestive associations in 2011 a pretty imposing achievement. Despite the company's measurement, Acquia can not yet be counted a well-recognized name in business circles. The incumbency of two new board colleagues may just transform that.
Acquia proscribed today the incumbency of two fresh colleagues to its Board of Directors — Paul Sallaberry and Thomas Bogan. For all that the names may not catch an eye; they are well tempered veterans of the engineering industry. Bogan is the Chairman of Citrix's administration, and has interdicted executable level statements at foundations known for their process quick wittedness like IBM and Rational Software. Sallaberry is no greenhorn either. He has interdicted senior level statements at Oracle and Veritas (acquired by Symantec), Open Vision and is now distinguished mostly for his character as a venture financier.
Acquia's means of subsistence is Drupal, which is utilized broadly by enterprises of all measurements. Drupal's vogue is incontestable. It crowns almost all "best of" lists for free source applications, but acceptance by large companies continues to fall behind due to the platform's ratherish bloodless business class prosperity characteristics. Acquia is distributing itself to cover that breach and become the "go to" alternative for associations that desire to impregnate Drupal, but demand a little (or not) of hand holding. The augmentation of Sallaberry and Bogan further declares that undertaking. The engineering veterans comprehend and can drive the marketing, operations, administration and strategical discipline that will be demanded for Acquia to swallow up the business Drupal marketplace.
Many of questions to free source developers focused on projects for 2012. When inquired about geographical expansion goals for the coming year, North America (79% of pollees) and Europe (84% of pollees) were the two acutest antecedence areas by the moment. The hugest medium antecedence goals were South America (61% of pollees), Asia Pacific and Oceania (53% of pollees), and the Middle East (42% of pollees).
In circumstantial after constituting their European front office in Amsterdam in July 2011, DotNetNuke feels hopeful to increase their mercantile enterprise in Europe at a speedier movement than North America in 2012. Alfresco par excellence estimated Japan, India and Australia as acute antecedence.
Other acute antecedence targets at 50% of pollees were Integration, Additional APIs, Platform Features and SaaS Options. Alfresco particularly designated mobile (specifically tablet) and the Cloud as their acutest antecedences, containing shrewdness and productivity as concerned to Cloud and SaaS.
Alfresco: Interpose a major enabler of business tablet swap-outs and provide a successful Cloud accommodation that plugs into the Enterprise.
Composite C1: Transform web CMS to more well-known through SaaS and "starter wizards," and interpose the most embraced.NET free source CMS when estimated by web specialists.
DotNetNuke: Social partnership and more complete Cloud agglomeration.
Drupal: Mobile and Drupal dispensations (vertical determinations).
eZ Publish: Acquire a remarkable customer experience "in all instrumentations," and improved interoperability as a maintenance platform.
Hippo: Implode Apache Rave (a fresh web and public mashup engine) into Hippo CMS, and add context-aware personification concentrated on multiway behavioral positioning, superintendence, transformation and reporting.
HWIOS: Separate HWIOS into a tinier, easy-to-utilize library, and build-up somewhat self-sufficient high quality software around this library.
Jahia: Propose a cooperation characteristic as JahiApp, and append additional mobile and multichannel agglomeration.
mojoPortal: Extend acceptance and build-up more supplementary goods to build sales proceeds.
Nuxeo: Enlarge acceptance and dispensation, and deliver Nuxeo as a Platform-as-an-Accommodation (PaaS).
ocPortal: Proceed to lower interferences to create sophisticated websites, and make administration of perplex webpages simple, secure, and laughable for small enterprises.
Umbraco: Relinquish Umbraco release 5 and Umbraco as an attendance.
WeWebU: Acquire more capacious adoption.
XOOPS: Refactor the fundamental framework and upgrade it for PHP 5.4, and strengthen prevailing modules to transform them to a standard GUI.
Jetty 9 is on the skyline!


WASHINGTON — The number of women donating to political campaigns is climbing to new heights ahead of this year's midterm elections, as women swarm to politics and run in record numbers for Congress and other elected posts around the country.
Women account for 31 percent of the money going to House candidates, their highest share of the donor pool in any election cycle, according to a tally by the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics, which tracks money in federal races. By comparison, women gave 27 percent of the money that went to House contenders during the last midterm elections in 2014.
Nowhere is that more evident than in House races, where a record 391 women candidates, most of them Democrats, are competing. That tops a previous high of 298 female House candidates reached in 2012, according to data compiled by the Center for American Women and Politics at Rutgers University.
The 2016 presidential election was a wake-up call for many Democratic women, who were disappointed that Hillary Clinton failed in her quest to become the nation's first female president and dismayed that Republican Donald Trump, a political novice, captured the White House, said Julie McClain Downey of EMILY's List, which works to elect Democratic women candidates who favor abortion rights.
More than 36,000 women have reached out to EMILY's List about running for office since the presidential election. By comparison, the organization fielded just 920 similar requests during the two-year, 2016 election cycle, Downey said.
Those energized female supporters do more than donate, Watson told USA TODAY in an interview before this week's primary. "A lot of people don't have that much to give, but they also door knock or they bake cookies" for campaign events, she said.
Take, for example, Laura Collins, a digital communications specialist. She's donated $100 to Watson's campaign and plans to give more. But the 40-year-old also volunteered for about 20 hours a week on the campaign last year, helping build the campaign's website and social media presence in between working, raising her four-year-old daughter and starting a local chapter of the National Organization for Women.
She said Trump's election left her filled "with anxiety" about women's rights and worried that Roe v. Wade, the 1973 Supreme Court decision legalizing abortions, could be upended by conservative, Trump-appointed justices.
So far, the number of Democratic women running has surged ahead of Republicans. Rutgers' tally shows 291 Democratic women running for the House this year, a nearly 97 percent increase from 148 female Democratic candidates in 2016.
So far, 100 Republican women are for the House running this year, up from 79 two years ago.
Winning for Women, an organization founded this year as a conservative counterweight to EMILY's List, aims to change that. Officials with the group, which operates a political action committee and a non-profit arm that does not disclose its donors, won't discuss overall fundraising totals, but say 94 percent of its money comes from women.
It has backed a slate of more than two dozen candidates in the midterms, including Debbie Lesko, the Republican who won last month's special election in Arizona's Eighth Congressional District and Carol Miller, a West Virginia state delegate who beat out a crowded field Tuesday night to win the Republican nomination for a House seat.
For all the recent gains among women, however, men dominate politics. About 1,300 men are running for the House — more than three times the number female office-seekers.
"Women have increased their proportion" of candidates running for the House, "but more men are running too," said Kelly Dittmar, a scholar at the Center for American Women and Politics.
Men also give far more money that women political contributors.
The top 10 political donors of the 2018 campaign have contributed a combined $74.9 million to super PACs, which can accept donations of any size. All of them are men, led by led by Republican shipping executive Richard Uihlein and Democratic former hedge fund manager Tom Steyer.
"There still are more Tom Steyers than Tammy Steyers," said Krumholz.


The time is finally here! Loki and I are participating in the ASPCA Virtual 5K!
I am excited to be raising the awareness and the much needed funding to support the ASPCA's programs.
The ASPCA is very important to me and I appreciate your help as we fight to give abused and homeless animals a second chance at life. Please support me by making a donation and help me make a positive impact in the lives of animals! Thank you!
Will be posting our progress, so check back!


Ensure no aid delays in case of emergency events.Use this sign to restrict drivers from entering or parking their vehicle near fire lane.
• Use these signs only on controlled private property. They are not official DOT MUTCD signs and should not be used on public roads.


Peeps, it seems that all my writerly friends are doing a 'breakdown of 2012' blog post. I'm not so industry savvy that I can analyze all the shizz that went down in the publishing world this year, so I thought instead I would share some of my writely-themed 2012 highlights with you. Beware: This post gets all sorts of sentimental.
*cue church choir* In 2012 bookisblurb was born!! I'd been wanting to start a blog for forever and in August of this year I finally took the plunge. It's really hard putting yourself out there, but you guys have made me feel very welcome. I'm so grateful to everyone that has taken the time to visit my little corner of the internet and left a comment or 'liked' a post.
2012 was the year in which I fangirled for weeks on end because I got a tweet from the fabulous Courtney Summers and the wonderful Teri Terry about the reviews I wrote on their books. How cool is that? Still makes me squeeee!!!
And finally in 2012 I found two excellent critique partners/friends (via Twitter). Both of whom are crazy-brilliant and destined to be bestselling authors. Nia, Megan, I love you both, you've made my book a million times better and without you I would probably have quit this writing malarkey and enrolled in clown college.
In closing…you are the master of your own destiny, you know that, right? If you want 2013 to be a great year, make it happen. I hope you all had a lovely Christmas, have a fantastic New Year and blow 2013 away with your brilliance. Wishing you all lots of love, luck and good health.
Posted by bookishblurb on December 31, 2012 in Buzz and tagged 2012, 2013.
I hope all your writing dreams come true in 2013!


WASHINGTON – President Donald Trump announced today that the U.S. will withdraw from the historic Paris Agreement, an accord among 192 nations to combat the potentially devastating impacts of climate change.
Echoing concerns raised in a recent letter to President Trump, National Farmers Union (NFU) President Roger Johnson said the President's decision rejects science and U.S. leadership in an effort that requires global attention. Family farmers and ranchers are already enduring consequences of climate change, and projections indicate these effects will worsen without an immediate and significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
"Today's decision by the Trump Administration is shameful, and it fails to recognize the very real and immediate threats of climate change to family farmers, ranchers, and our nation's food security," said Johnson. "We can not sustain a viable food system if climate change is left unchecked. By refusing to limit U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and lead the world in this space, President Trump is allowing increasingly unpredictable and destructive weather to wreak havoc on family farm operations, future generations, and food prices and availability for years to come.
Under the Paris Agreement, the U.S. pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 26 percent by 2025. Many of the actions that would have helped the U.S. achieve that goal would have stimulated economic growth in rural communities. This prompted NFU to be a vocal proponent of the agreement since its ratification in December 2015.
The President's move leaves the U.S. without an effective strategy for climate resilience, exposing family farmers and ranchers to the worst effects of climate change. "This will have devastating consequences for family farming and ranching operations and all those who rely on them for food, feed, fuel and fiber," said Johnson.
"NFU will seek opportunities to collaborate with nonprofits and private industry to address climate change productively. Decisive action is urgently needed to avoid catastrophic climate impacts on the food system," he concluded.


Your refrigerator is one of the key appliances in your home. A breakdown in this appliance can cause major problems which can result in costly repairs and spoiled food. Taking care of your refrigerator through regular maintenance is the only way to ensure that you do not end up having to repair it regularly or replace it too quickly.
Your refrigerator coils should be cleaned every six months in order to prevent rust and too much dust from gathering on them. Refrigerator coils are important because they prevent your fridge from overheating. If you have pets in the home that shed hair, then the coils should be cleaned every three months. Here is how you should go about cleaning them.
Use a shop vacuum with a brush attachment to remove dust from the coils.
Your refrigerator's water filter should be changed every six months. Changing your water filter regularly will ensure that you always have clean water and ice. The water filter is located in different areas for different models. You will need to check your owner's manual or go online to the manufacturer's website to find out where your filter is located. You can purchase a filter online or at a hardware store. Once you have replaced your filter, you should run at least two gallons of water through it to remove any residue that may have settled on it during manufacturing, since this can hinder its effectiveness.
Refrigerator temperatures should remain constant to prevent food from spoiling and to ensure the longevity of the appliance. The ideal refrigerator temperature is 35 to 38 degrees Fahrenheit. In order to ensure that your refrigerator maintains a constant temperature, do not put food in the fridge that has not cooled to room temperature. Food that is placed in fridge when it is too warm or hot will cause the fridge to work harder to cool down the food. Buy a temperature monitor and place it in your refrigerator so you can always know if your refrigerator is the correct temperature.
Keep your refrigerator in top shape by ensuring that you do all the things listed above. In the long run even if you have to buy a few supplies to keep your refrigerator in good shape it is certainly better than having to pay to repair or replace it.
For more information, contact Appliance Service Station Inc. or a similar company.


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Roeselia är ett släkte av fjärilar. Roeselia ingår i familjen trågspinnare.

Dottertaxa till Roeselia, i alfabetisk ordning

 Roeselia albomarginata
 Roeselia albula
 Roeselia albulalis
 Roeselia alteroscota
 Roeselia antennata
 Roeselia aperta
 Roeselia apiciplaga
 Roeselia arana
 Roeselia argentescens
 Roeselia argyraspis
 Roeselia argyria
 Roeselia aroa
 Roeselia ascripta
 Roeselia atrinota
 Roeselia atypica
 Roeselia australe
 Roeselia basifascia
 Roeselia basifusca
 Roeselia biangulata
 Roeselia biconigera
 Roeselia bicrenuscula
 Roeselia bifiliferata
 Roeselia bifuscatalis
 Roeselia bilineata
 Roeselia bryophilalis
 Roeselia bryophiloides
 Roeselia canescens
 Roeselia caruscula
 Roeselia castigata
 Roeselia causta
 Roeselia centrilineata
 Roeselia clarkiana
 Roeselia conspicua
 Roeselia costalis
 Roeselia costiplagiata
 Roeselia costisquamosa
 Roeselia cramboidalis
 Roeselia cretacea
 Roeselia cuneifera
 Roeselia decaryi
 Roeselia decepta
 Roeselia deglupta
 Roeselia dentata
 Roeselia denticulata
 Roeselia deplanana
 Roeselia discisignata
 Roeselia diversalis
 Roeselia divisa
 Roeselia divisoides
 Roeselia dognini
 Roeselia effusa
 Roeselia elegans
 Roeselia emissa
 Roeselia eucalyptula
 Roeselia exelsior
 Roeselia extusata
 Roeselia fascialis
 Roeselia fasciata
 Roeselia flavibasis
 Roeselia flaviscapula
 Roeselia flexilineata
 Roeselia fola
 Roeselia formosana
 Roeselia fumosa
 Roeselia fusca
 Roeselia fuscizonea
 Roeselia fuscula
 Roeselia gallicola
 Roeselia garuba
 Roeselia gibeauxi
 Roeselia gigantoides
 Roeselia gigantula
 Roeselia gigas
 Roeselia godalma
 Roeselia grisea
 Roeselia hemizona
 Roeselia herbuloti
 Roeselia hermana
 Roeselia heteroscota
 Roeselia hondoensis
 Roeselia hypopecta
 Roeselia incana
 Roeselia incertalis
 Roeselia indistincta
 Roeselia infumatalis
 Roeselia infuscata
 Roeselia inga
 Roeselia inscripta
 Roeselia insolitalis
 Roeselia integralis
 Roeselia intermedia
 Roeselia kolbi
 Roeselia leucogramma
 Roeselia leucomelas
 Roeselia leucospila
 Roeselia leucostola
 Roeselia lignaria
 Roeselia lignifera
 Roeselia lineolalis
 Roeselia longiventris
 Roeselia lugens
 Roeselia maculata
 Roeselia marojejy
 Roeselia mediofascia
 Roeselia mediofracta
 Roeselia medioscripta
 Roeselia mediozona
 Roeselia melanocosta
 Roeselia melanomedia
 Roeselia melanosticta
 Roeselia melicerta
 Roeselia mesotherma
 Roeselia metaleuca
 Roeselia metallopa
 Roeselia micans
 Roeselia micropecta
 Roeselia mikabo
 Roeselia milletes
 Roeselia millotalis
 Roeselia minor
 Roeselia minuscola
 Roeselia monachalis
 Roeselia monticola
 Roeselia nanula
 Roeselia natama
 Roeselia negrita
 Roeselia nepheloleuca
 Roeselia nigrobasalis
 Roeselia nigromaculata
 Roeselia nitida
 Roeselia nivalis
 Roeselia nivatalis
 Roeselia niveicosta
 Roeselia oblita
 Roeselia obscura
 Roeselia pacifica
 Roeselia pallidiceps
 Roeselia pannonica
 Roeselia patina
 Roeselia pecta
 Roeselia pedanta
 Roeselia perangulata
 Roeselia pernitens
 Roeselia phylla
 Roeselia pictalis
 Roeselia placens
 Roeselia plumatella
 Roeselia polychroma
 Roeselia polyodonta
 Roeselia postalbida
 Roeselia protogigas
 Roeselia pseudermana
 Roeselia pulverata
 Roeselia pulverea
 Roeselia punctilinea
 Roeselia pura
 Roeselia pygmaea
 Roeselia pyralidoides
 Roeselia recurvata
 Roeselia reducta
 Roeselia rodea
 Roeselia rufescens
 Roeselia ruficostata
 Roeselia rufofusa
 Roeselia satoi
 Roeselia scripta
 Roeselia semicrema
 Roeselia semirufa
 Roeselia shimekii
 Roeselia signifera
 Roeselia snelleni
 Roeselia stictigramma
 Roeselia stigmatica
 Roeselia stilbina
 Roeselia strigivena
 Roeselia strigula
 Roeselia strigulalis
 Roeselia strigulosa
 Roeselia suffida
 Roeselia suisharyonensis
 Roeselia taurica
 Roeselia terulosa
 Roeselia tessalalis
 Roeselia togatulalis
 Roeselia triangulalis
 Roeselia trianguloquelinea
 Roeselia trias
 Roeselia trocha
 Roeselia unilinea
 Roeselia ustipennis
 Roeselia varia
 Roeselia venosalis
 Roeselia venusta
 Roeselia venustula
 Roeselia versicolora
 Roeselia viduella
 Roeselia viettealis
 Roeselia xanthoplaga
 Roeselia zelleriana

Källor

Trågspinnare
Roeselia


Located in the southern half of the Rhône Valley, Beaumes-de-Venise is famed for its natural fortified wine made from the Muscat grape: Muscat de Beaumes de Venise. The first vines were planted around 600 BC by Greek colonists.
The word "beaumes" comes from the Provençal word bauma meaning "cave" or "grotto". Beaumes-de-Venise is built against a line of cliffs along the south-western edge of the Ventoux mountains.
Having its own appellation (AOC) since 1943, Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise is considered one of the best Muscats of the world. In 2005 wine became a cru – the highest order of wines in the Rhône Valley.
Rutherglen Estate's BdV is made in the same style. Highest quality Muscat grapes, Muscat a Petit Grains Rouge are used to make this elegant, delicate, sweet and fruity wine. It is best served slightly chilled, around 10C.
The secret to this wine is that it has less residual sugar than most other Muscats we are familiar with, making it lighter on the palate and very amenable to food pairings.
A chilled glass of BdV as an aperitif, with melon or liver paté.
Fruit-based desserts, such as lemon tart, new season's strawberries and cream, fruit-flavoured icecream, pavlova. Try summer pudding with cream: the wine sweetens the berries, the acid in the berries brings out the fruit in the wine, and the cream builds a bridge across both characteristics.
Macerate the berries in the wine to put into a trifle, or on to ice cream.
The floral aspect of this wine compliments caramel flavours beautifully: caramelize peach (or other stone fruit such as nectarines) or figs under the grill and serve with good vanilla ice cream. Add fine almond bread to finish.
It is sensational when served with a cheese platter. It goes extremely well with a creamy camembert or brie, fig jam and pear and even as well as the richness of blue cheese.
To purchase our BdV Muscat, please click here.


Lisa Mills Saturday, 25/08/2018, Great British RnB Festival, Muni, Colne . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Friday, 31/08/2018, Hell Blues Festival, Hell, Norway, Scandinavia . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Saturday, 01/09/2018, Hell Blues Festival, Hell, Norway, Scandinavia . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Thursday, 20/09/2018, Slaughtered Lamb, Clerkenwell, London . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Friday, 21/09/2018, Old Town Hall, High St, Hemel Hempstead 01442 228091. Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Thursday, 27/09/2018, Otterton Mill, Otterton , Devon 01395 568521. Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Sunday, 30/09/2018, Cosenors House, Abingdon, Oxford 07519887939. Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Saturday, 06/10/2018, Festival Blues des deux rivi�res, Brittany, France . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills and Chantel McGregor Monday, 14/01/2019, London Blues Week, 100 Club, Oxford Street . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Tuesday, 22/01/2019, Robin 2, Bilston, West Midlands 01902 401211. Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Thursday, 24/01/2019, The Forge, Basingstoke, (Anvil Arts) . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Saturday, 26/01/2019, The Basement, Douglas, Isle of Man . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills solo Saturday, 25/05/2019, Blues Festival, Duvel, Belgium . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Band Friday, 05/07/2019, Linton Festival, The Alma Inn, Ross on Wye . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Band Friday, 12/07/2019, Rhythm & Blues Club, Darlington, Yorkshire . Click here for more info.
Lisa Mills Band Sunday, 14/07/2019, The Live Room, Saltaire, Yorkshire . Click here for more info.
JUST ANNOUNCED Movinmusic is pleased to confirm that it is now taking offers for Lisa Mills for July and August 2017. Solo and band options also available - info on these formats on request. Interested venue owners & promoters can contact us about her availability via e-mail or 0044 (0)1209 860067.


After making its debut at London's Harrods this May, Pradasphere crossed the Atlantic and landed in Pier 4 Central, Hong Kong. The exhibition is situated on a rooftop overlooking the harbour. Visitors are greeted by a trove of luxury goods – made from fine leather, ivory, silver and tortoiseshell – by Mario Prada, the founder of Prada who gained a reputation for his unerring eye and exquisite taste. The centre stage is given to six glass vitrines representing six areas of Prada's enduring styles: Modernism, Figuration, Continentalism, Excessivity, Animality, and Femasculinity. Each style is presented by a dozen mannequins in full Prada looks from the past three decades, enabling visitors to admire the classic composition, innovative materials, prints, homage to European history, inspirations from nature, and androgynous elements signalling the success of the brand's best creations.
The rarely-exhibited artefacts that inspired Prada's luxurious collections, such as hand-embroidered tie-dye on silk, silk brocade with golden intarsia, hand-cut plastic and leather appliques on Shetland wool, are showcased at the end of the exhibition hall. Dominating the left wall is a multimedia timeline of images and videos documenting the brand's history from 1975 till present day. Adjacent are Prada's special exhibition models from Seoul and Milan, while the right side is dedicated to shoes and accessories. Among these are nylon shoes and bags transformed from their humble utilitarian use to become an experimentation of novel craft techniques.


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Q: Going from Fourier sum to Fourier integral - confusion on intermediate step How does it solve the $A_0$ term?
Can one prove this with an example? I don't know how to prove it to myself with an example
In my lecture notes, my lecturer is trying to justify $C_n$ as weighting the sine and cosine terms in the Fourier integral differently despite how it looks explicitly in the Fourier infinite sum, that is, in:

$$\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} C_n \ e^{ik_nx} \ $$
I have two main confusions with this:
1) How does this rewriting with $a_n$ and $b_n$ resolve the $A_0$ term?
2) I don't see how the substitution of $A_n$ and $B_n$ for $a_n$ and $b_n$ is valid, even given the changed summation ranges. I also don't know how I'd prove it with an example. How can one do this?

A: To clarify I'll derive the $f(x)$ expression directly.  $C_ne^{ik_nx}=C_n(cos(k_nx)+isin(k_nx))$.  Therefore $a_n=C_n$ and $b_n=iC_n$, for all n.
For $n \gt 0$ use the fact that $k_{-n}=-k_n$ and cos is even while sin is odd.  Therefore for $n \gt 0, A_n=a_n+a_{-n}$ while $B_n=b_n-b_{-n}$.
$A_0$ has to be treated as a special case.  $k_0=-k_{-0}$ forces $k_0=0$, so there is no sin term and the cos term $=1$, while $A_0=a_0+a_{-0}$ means $a_0$ is counted twice, so that $\frac{A_0}{2}$ is what is needed for the final form $f(x)=\frac{A_0}{2}+\sum _{n=1}^{\infty}A_ncos(k_nx)+B_nsin(k_nx)$.
I can see that the lecture notes are somewhat confusing, since they work backwards from $A_n$ and $B_n$ rather than forward.

A: The "trick" is in the sum from $-\infty$ to $\infty$ where $|n|$ is counted once for $|n|=0$ , and twice for $|n| \ge 1$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Meat Sack
Everything You Never Really Wanted To Know About Cauliflower Ear
Leigh Cowart
Filed to: meat sackFiled to: meat sack
cauliflower ear
Photo Illustration by Elena Scotti/Deadspin/GMG
Meat SackWelcome to Meat Sack, a guide to sports-related body horror.
Today's column is about fucked-up ears.
It should come as no surprise that if you hit someone really hard in the ear, you can fuck it up or, sometimes, rip it off. Same goes for grinding someone's head against a wrestling mat over and over again. The friction and pressure together create ideal conditions to forever change the cartilaginous topography of the human ear, a condition commonly referred to as cauliflower ear. When the ear is damaged in this way, blood begins to collect between the cartilage and the skin; if left untreated, the ear will permanently deform. It's even possible to rupture a cauliflower ear, and ooh boy, when they pop, they sure do pop.
When I was in college, I worked in a veterinary clinic, and lo did I love it. There was a giant jar of isopropyl into which we would deposit any and all ticks removed in office. The game was to remove them intact and without popping them; the more swollen, the better. I developed a hard-earned reputation for abscess care, my fortitude in the face of certain smells exceeded only by my enthusiasm and steadiness of hand. There is deep satisfaction in fixing something discrete and a little gruesome, be it cleaning string cheese pus out of a goat's neck, removing a carpet of ticks from the underside of a spaniel's ear, or, in the case of a cat with a serious mite infestation, draining cauliflower ear.
The poor cat's ears were swollen and crumpled in on themselves. She'd been shaking her head and scratching so much that she'd developed a subperichondrial hematoma, the precursor to cauliflower ear. Her ears were bleeding into the space between the cartilage and the skin, the pressure of the ensuing clot reducing blood flow to the area. We treated the cat by draining the blood from her swollen ears, the same way doctors have tended to battered pugilists for millennia.
Originally featured in the Baths of Constantine in ancient Rome and today housed in the city's Museo Nazionale Roman, "Boxer at Rest" is a masterpiece of bronze and a testament to mankind's enduring love of fighting. The statue features the aftermath of a fight: facial swelling and abrasions, evidence of broken nasal bones, and a couple of clean cuts to his tumid ears, complete with bright copper blood dripping onto his thighs. The treatment today, as it was then, is the same.
The main effect of the blunt or grinding trauma to the ear relates to how it changes the dynamic between the cartilage itself and the connective tissue that covers it, called the perichondrium. When blood starts to pour into the damaged area, it deprives the ear cartilage of some of its blood supply, a problem that the body now needs to fix. The damaged connective tissue that covers the cartilage kicks into gear and begins to make new cartilage, a rippling sheet of neocartilage that nestles up against the convolutions of the original shape of the ear. It take a while for the body to resorb all that blood, especially considering the poverty of circulation in the area. This means that the neocartilage which forms around the blood stretches out to cover the new expanse of territory. As the blood is broken down and reclaimed by the body, the new growth begins to retract, buckling as it goes. Voila, cauliflower ear.
It's an aesthetic worry, to be sure. In researching this column, I found many a forum post soliciting opinions on whether or not cauliflower ear would reduce romantic prospects. (Ladies: How unsexy is cauliflower ear?). Wear your protective gear, trainers will say, lest you turn out like me, tilting their heads to one side, displaying the end of their cautionary tale. To some, it's a badge of honor; to others, it's a gruesome fate to be avoided. Nevertheless, with proper protection and prompt treatment, most of the permanent disfiguration can be avoided.
Like tick removal and abscess draining, early treatment of cauliflower ear can be a simple, satisfying fix. Using a syringe, remove the fluid from the ear, over and over again if necessary, and the bloated combat badge is transformed back into an approximation of the adorable little lugholes your mama made for you. There's a neatness to it, the way start-to-finish tasks flatter our need for resolution. Nevermind the concussion soup lurking between your newly slimmed ears. We'll get to that next week.
Trash, Like Feelings, Can Become A Sad Wet Fire When Buried
Why Running Sometimes Makes You Shit Blood
Welcome To Meat Sack, A Guide To Sports-Related Body Horror
Justin Turner Defends Pitcher Who Just Plunked Him From Overreacting Umpire
Recent from Leigh Cowart
Am I Gross For Eating My Own Foot Skin?
The Results Of Taking A Fastball To The Nuts Are As Horrifying As You Can Imagine
Am I Gross For Sucking Snot Out Of My Baby's Nose?


As a Store Manager at Murphy USA, you will join a diverse team of people on solid career paths in a growing retail organization. You will receive outstanding training, pay, and benefits.
Our Store Managers are responsible for the overall site performance and the direct management of approximately 10-15 store employees. Murphy USA Store Managers are viewed as a small business owner, directly accountable for ensuring that every site delivers best-in-class customer service, consistent achievement of operational excellence, and professional development of store employees.


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Das Alte Forstamt ist ein denkmalgeschütztes Jugendstil-Gebäude in Wiesloch im Rhein-Neckar-Kreis in Baden-Württemberg. Es diente von 1903 bis 1998 als Forstamt mit Wohnung des Amtsleiters und kam 2003 in Privatbesitz.

Geschichte
Nachdem der Forstbezirk Wiesloch zunächst von Heidelberg aus verwaltet worden war, plante die Badische Bezirks-Bauinspektion 1902 den Bau eines eigenen Forstamtes in Wiesloch. Als Bauplatz hatte man sich eine repräsentative Lage an der Staatsstraße von Heidelberg nach Bruchsal (der heutigen B 3) ausgesucht. Das Grundstück hierfür umfasste neben der Grundfläche des Hauses und der Hofraithe noch rund 11 Ar Gartenland. Das rechts des Gebäudes befindliche Grundstück war für die Errichtung des Großherzoglichen Domänenamts (erbaut 1903/04, später Notariat) vorgesehen. Die Pläne für das Gebäude stammten von Dr. Hirsch, dem damaligen Leiter der Baubehörde, die Bauleitung hatte Bauinspektor Frischmuth. Das Gebäude wurde in der Formensprache des Jugendstils errichtet und war bei seiner Fertigstellung 1903 das einzige Jugendstil-Staatsgebäude in Baden. In dem Gebäude befanden sich sowohl die Diensträume als auch die Wohnung des jeweiligen Forstamtmanns.

Trotz des großzügigen Gebäudeschnittes und der geradezu luxuriösen Ausstattung kam es in den Jahren nach der Fertigstellung zu mehreren längerwährenden Streitsachen zwischen den jeweiligen Forstamtmännern und der Heidelberger Baudirektion. Fortsamtmann Heuss beklagte sich 1903 über fehlende Lichtschalter am Bett und 1904 über die angeblich zu geringe Heizleistung der Öfen. Nach einem Zimmerbrand 1908 kam es zu langwierigem Streit um die Kostenübernahme für nötige Reparaturen. Als 1914 die bauliche Zuständigkeit an eine Behörde in Wiesloch übertragen wurde, kam wieder die Heizleistung der Öfen aufs Parkett. Sehr langwierig gestaltete sich auch der Wunsch des Forstamts nach einem Schuppen zur trockenen Lagerung von Brennholz, den das Bauamt jedoch über Jahre hinauszögerte. Forstamtmann Thoma schlug 1923 sogar vor, Teile des Bauschmucks des Gebäudes, nämlich den auf dem Giebel sitzenden großen Hirsch sowie ein Hunderelief an der Freitreppe, zu verkaufen, um den Schuppen aus dem Verkaufserlös errichten zu können. Die Gebäudeteile blieben jedoch erhalten und der strittige Schuppen wurde nie gebaut.

Im Zuge der Wirtschaftskrise von 1919 wurde im Dachgeschoss des Forstamts eine Wohnung für den Schlosser und Maschinisten der Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Wiesloch eingerichtet, der dort mit Familie bis 1927 lebte. In den 1920er Jahren beschränkte man den Unterhalt des Gebäudes aus finanzieller Not heraus auf ein Mindestmaß. Erst 1938 erfuhr das Gebäude eine große Instandsetzung, in deren Folge abermals ein erfolgloses Baugesuch um einen Schuppen eingereicht wurde.

1970 wurde das Gebäude renoviert, wobei man damals noch wenig Wert auf die originalgetreue Erhaltung des Baubestands legte. Nach einem Stilgutachten von 1989 erfolgte eine abermalige Sanierung, wobei künstlerisch wertvolle Gebäudeteile wie die Deckenmalereien im Eingangsbereich und in der Halle renoviert wurden.

Das Gebäude blieb Amtssitz bis zur Auflösung des Forstamts Wiesloch im Jahr 1998. Das Staatliche Liegenschaftsamt Heidelberg/Mannheim trennte daraufhin rund 2000 Quadratmeter vom Garten des Gebäudes ab und verkaufte diese Fläche als Bauland. Sie wurde rasch mit dichter Reihenhausbebauung überbaut. Für das alte Forstamt, das mehrere Jahre leer stand, wurde länger ein Käufer gesucht, der sich 2003 in dem in Wiesloch gebürtigen Unternehmer Berthold Wipfler fand, der das Gebäude bis 2005 stilgetreu und denkmalgerecht saniert hat.

Literatur
Karin Hirn: Perle des nordbadischen Jugendstils, in: Kurpfälzer Winzerfestanzeiger, Ausgabe 2005, S. 62ff.

Weblinks

Bauwerk in Wiesloch
Kulturdenkmal in Wiesloch


text:
Ahöla, also known as Ahul,  is a spirit being, a kachina, embodied by a man, in Hopi religion.

Ahöla is one of the important chief katsinam for First and Second Mesas because he opens the mid-winter Powamu ceremony, sometimes called the bean planting festival. On the first night of the festival, he performs inside a kiva, the subterranean, ceremonial space, before going with the Powamu Chief to give prayer feathers to Kachina Spring at dawn. Afterwards, Ahöla and the Powamu Chief visit all of the kivas and ceremonial houses, giving out bean and corn plants and marking the doorways with stripes of cornmeal. At the end of the ceremony, Ahöla descends to a shrine, bows four times to the sun, and asks for health, happiness, long life, and good crops. Ahöla is also the friend of Eototo and one legend tells of
Ahöla having his throat cut to let Eototo escape.

Sources
 Mesa Verde National Park
 Wright, Barton. Kachinas: A Hopi Artist's Documentary. Seventh Edition. Flagstaff, AZ: Northland Publishing Company with the Heard Museum: 1974.

Hopi mythology


text:
Q: git-svn and local branches I usually using git for versioning, but right now I am stuck with sources in a svn repository, so I am using git-svn to access that repository. However this seems to lead to some trouble, when I try to use local branches.
I usually only commit my local repositories about once a day, so I might have commits in my local master, that I have not yet send upstream. When I create a branch at this point, and then someone else commits to the upstream repository, all commits between the current one and the last one that was synced upstream get duplicated.
To make this clearer here a short picture:
A-B-C-D-E
     \
      \-F

The upstream repository is at A and the two branches are at E and F respectively. Doing a git svn rebase leads to:
A-G-H-B-C-D-E
 \
  \-B-C-F

Where G and H are the commits that were taken from the upstream repo. I already tried to get the two commits to the other branch as well by switching there and doing another git svn rebase. But this leaves me there:
A-G-H-B-C-D-E
 \
  \-G-H-B-C-F

So this leads to even more duplication of commits. Is there a clean way to handle this situation?

A: You should always use 'git svn rebase' before 'git svn dcommit' to avoid such problems. This mirrors common svn usage of updating before commit. See section "REBASE VS. PULL/MERGE" in http://git-scm.com/docs/git-svn for details.

A: You can use git rebase to reapply any range of commits onto any particular commit, which sounds like what you want here.  This technique works for moving any range of commits, but as I mention at the bottom, if you really only have a single commit F on your branch, then it's easier to just cherry-pick.  However, first I'll describe how you would do it with git rebase, since that's more generally useful.
(n.b. I'm going to rename your commits slightly since the two Bs, Cs, etc. will have different commit IDs after rebasing.)
After the first git svn rebase
So, if you were wanting to do this rebasing after the first git svn rebase you would be in the situation:
A-G-H-B'-C'-D'-E'
 \
  \-B-C-F

At this point, you could have done:
git rebase --onto C' C F

... which would have created:
A-G-H-B'-C'-D'-E'
\          \
 \-B-C-F    \-F'''

After the second git svn rebase
If the situation is as you describe after the second git svn rebase, that would look like this:
A-G-H-B'-C'-D'-E'
 \
  \-G'-H'-B''-C''-F''

In that case you could similarly do:
git rebase --onto C' C'' F''

To create the graph:
A-G-H-B'-C'-D'-E'
 \         \
  \          \- F'''
   \
    \-G'-H'-B''-C''-F''

... and you can just forget about G' through to F''.

However, in both of these cases, you're only moving a single commit, so it's probably easier to cherry-pick the commit.  In other words, you could do:
git checkout -b new-experiment C'
git cherry-pick F

I hope that's of some use.


Amann v. N.P. Ry. Co.
Decided December 8, 1955. Rehearing Denied February 6, 1956.
COMMERCE, Application — Federal Employer's Liability Act. PLEADING, No showing employee was acting in course of employment. COURTS, Second judge could grant motion for judgment on pleadings. 1. Commerce — Federal Employer's Liability Act applicable. In former employee's action against railroad and railroad employee to recover for injuries sustained in fight with defendant employee at time when former employee was shop foreman and defendant employee was a repairman in railroad repair shop, railroad's liability would be measured by provisions of Federal Employers' Liability Act. 2. Pleading — No showing of course of employment. Pleadings failed to show that at time of fight, plaintiff and defendant employees had been acting in course of their employment, and trial court properly entered judgment on pleadings for railroad company. 3. Courts — Second judge could grant motion for judgment on pleadings. That one District Judge had denied defendant's demurrer to complaint did not preclude subsequent District Judge called in to hear defendant's motion for judgment on pleadings from granting such motion.
Appeal from the District Court of Park County; W.W. Lessley, Judge presiding.
Berg and Pfohl, Livingston, Doepker and Hennessey, Butte, for appellant.
Coleman, Jameson and Lamey, Billings, for respondents.
Mr. B.E. Berg, Jr., Mr. M.J. Doepker and Mr. Cale John Crowley argued orally.
Appeal from a judgment on the pleadings given and entered for the defendant railway company in a tort action brought against it and one C.L. Buettner by the plaintiff Paul Amann, wherein he seeks to recover both actual and exemplary damages for injuries sustained by plaintiff in a fight with Buettner occurring on December 1, 1948, at a time when plaintiff was shop foreman and Buettner a repairman in the defendant Northern Pacific Railway Company's repair shop at Livingston, Montana.
The pleadings herein are: (1) The complaint; (2) the defendant railway company's general demurrer thereto; (3) the defendant railway's separate answer to the complaint; (4) the plaintiff's reply to the railway's answer and (5) the defendant railway's motion for judgment on the pleadings.
The complaint alleges that immediately following the fight the defendant railway company was furnished a full report and notice of all the facts and circumstances under which the injuries to plaintiff were inflicted and that thereafter and at all times since it has retained the said C.L. Buettner in its employ and has fully ratified the action of the said employee in the infliction of said injuries on and to plaintiff.
By its separate answer the defendant interstate railway company admits (1) the employment of both Buettner and the plaintiff Amann, (2) the fight between the two, (3) the railway's ensuing investigation thereof and its decision to retain Buettner in its employ and to discharge the plaintiff Amann therefrom and for a separate affirmative defense and by way of new matter the defendant railway company pleads and sets forth the provisions of the Federal Employer's Liability Act, 45 U.S.C.A. section 51, alleging such Act to have been in full force and effect on December 1, 1948, when the fight occurred.
By his reply the plaintiff admits that the Federal Employers' Liability Act was in full force and effect on the day of the fight.
Thereafter on due notice to plaintiff the defendant railway company interposed a motion for judgment on the pleadings which motion the trial court granted following which it gave and caused to be entered its judgment that plaintiff take nothing by his action against the defendant railway company. Plaintiff's appeal is from that judgment.
The liability of the defendant railway company is to be  determined and measured by the provisions of the Federal Employers' Liability Act 45 U.S.C.A., section 51. In other words any recovery in his action must be had under the provisions of the Federal Employers' Act as it has been construed by the federal courts.
In Young v. New York Central R. Co., 88 Ohio App. 352, 88 N.E.2d 220, 223, certiorari denied 339 U.S. 986, 70 S.Ct. 1008, 94 L.Ed., 1388, it appears that one railway employee had assaulted another railway employee while both were on duty for the railway. In affirming a judgment for the railway entered upon a directed verdict the Ohio Court said: "Cases involving circumstances similar to those of the instant case have heretofore been considered and decided by the Federal Courts and the interpretation placed upon the Federal Employers' Liability Act by such decisions must be followed by this court in the instant case insofar as they are applicable.
"In the case of Davis v. Green, 260 U.S. 349, 43 S.Ct. 123, 124, 67 L.Ed. 299, the Supreme Court of the United States reversed [a judgment of] the Supreme Court of Mississippi, Hines v. Green, 125 Miss. 476, 87 So. 649, which had affirmed the lower court decision holding the railroad company liable where an employee who was a conductor, had been killed by an engineer, a fellow employee of decedent, where the evidence disclosed that the company had employed a dangerous man with notice of his dangerous propensities.
"To the same effect is the later decision of the United States Supreme Court in the case of Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Co. v. Southwell, 275 U.S. 64, 48 S.Ct. 25, 72 L.Ed. 157, which involved similar facts.
"The following cases follow the same reasoning: St. Louis-San Francisco Railroad Co. v. Mills, 1926, 271 U.S. 344, 46 S.Ct. 520, 70 L.Ed. 979; Atlanta Charlotte Air Line Railroad Co. v. Green, 1929, 279 U.S. 821, 49 S.Ct. 350, 73 L.Ed. 976, reversing per curiam 151 S.C. 1, 148 S.E. 633."
In Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. v. Southwell, 275 U.S. 64, 48 S.Ct. 25, 72 L.Ed. 157, the Supreme Court of the United States reversed a decision of the Supreme Court of North Carolina, 191 N.C. 153, 131 S.E. 670, affirming a judgment for the plaintiff in a tort action wherein it appeared that one railway employee shot and killed another employee of such railway while both were on the job and between whom there was ill will which fact was then known to the railway's superintendent. There the United States Supreme Court followed Davis v. Green, 260 U.S. 349, 43 S.Ct. 123, 67 L.Ed. 299, from which it quoted in Young v. New York Central R. Co., supra.
In the instant appeal plaintiff's counsel contend that Davis v. Green, supra, and Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. v. Southwell, supra, were, in effect, reversed by the later case of Lillie v. Thompson, 332 U.S. 459, 68 S.Ct. 140, 92 L.Ed. 73, decided November 27, 1947, but, as is shown above, both the Green case and the Southwell case were cited and followed in the more recent case of Young v. New York Central R. Co., supra, wherein the plaintiff's petition for certiorari was denied by the United States Supreme Court on June 5, 1950.
In the Young case, 88 Ohio App. at page 358, 88 N.E.2d at page 223, the Ohio court clearly distinguished the case of Lillie v. Thompson, supra, and it is quite manifest that had the latter decision reversed the Green case and the Southwell case as is here claimed by plaintiff, the United States Supreme Court would not have denied the plaintiff's petition for a writ of certiorari in the Young case, based as it was on substantially the same facts as well as the same federal statute.
In Sheaf v. Minneapolis, St. P. S.S.M.R. Co., 8 Cir., 162 F.2d 110, 113, the court dismissed the complaint on issues quite similar to those involved in the instant appeal. It there appeared that the plaintiff Sheaf, the conductor on a train, was assaulted by Johnson who was the engineer on the same train. There the federal court said: "Johnson, it was alleged, had been a quarrelsome and vicious person for many years prior to the assault on plaintiff, all of which was known to the railroad company, or which by the exercise of ordinary care should have been known to it. That since the assault the company has ratified the acts of Johnson by retaining him in its service. His employment under the circumstances constituted negligence."
In holding the complaint insufficient the court said: "Where, as in this case, an employee of a railroad company is injured by an unprovoked assault of a fellow servant, even though such an assault may be considered negligence rather than a trespass, the employer is not liable unless the aggressor was at the time of the assault acting within the scope of his employment. In the case of Davis v. Green [citing and quoting from Davis v. Green, 260 U.S. 349, 43 S.Ct. 123, 67 L.Ed. 299].
"So in the instant case the unprovoked attack of Johnson upon the plaintiff occurred while they were both employed by the defendant railroad company, but the attack was in no way intended to further the business of the company and was not within the scope of Johnson's employment. The decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. v. Southwell, 275 U.S. 64, 48 S.Ct. 25, 72 L.Ed. 157, applies the same principle to similar facts; and neither of these cases has since been expressly overruled by the Supreme Court.
The above case is cited and followed upon similar facts and the construction of the same statute in the following cases decided from 1949 to 1950 all citing and relying upon the cases of Davis v. Green and Atlantic Coast Line R. Co., v. Southwell, supra, namely, Hoyt v. Thompson, 7 Cir., 174 F.2d 284, 285; Smith v. Lehigh Valley R. Co., 2 Cir., 174 F.2d 592, 594; Lavender v. Illinois Central R. Co., 358 Mo. 1160, 219 S.W.2d 353, 358, certiorari denied in 338 U.S. 822, 70 S.Ct. 67, 94 L.Ed. 499. See also Reeve v. Northern P. Ry. Co, 82 Wn. 268, 144 P. 63, L.R.A. 1915C, 37; and Blunk v. Atchison, T. S.F. Ry. Co., 97 Cal.App.2d 229, 217 P.2d 494, 497; Lanners v. Atchison, T. S.F. Ry. Co., 344 Ill. App. 123, 99 N.E.2d 705; Bocian v. Union P. R. Co., 137 Neb. 318, 289 N.W. 372 also cites and follows the case of Davis v. Green, supra.
There is a clear distinction between the cases construing the Federal Employers' Liability Act, Title 45 U.S.C.A. section 51, and the cases cited by the plaintiff construing the Jones Act relating to vessels at sea, 46 U.S.C.A. section 688, which distinction is pointed out in Young v. New York Central R. Co., 88 N.E.2d 220, at page 225, in Lykes Bros. S.S. Co. v. Grubaugh, 5 Cir., 128 F.2d 387, 391, and in Sheaf v. Minneapolis, St. P. S.S.M.R. Co., supra.
The case at bar involves the construction of a particular federal statute and this court is bound by the decisions of the United States Supreme Court in construing such statute. See Texas P. Ry. Co. v. Younger, Tex. Civ. App. 262 S.W.2d 557; Chesapeake O. Ry. Co. v. Stapleton, 279 U.S. 587, 49 S.Ct. 442, 73 L.Ed. 861.
The pleadings in the case at bar do not show that the defendant Buettner, in engaging in the fight, was carrying out his assigned duties or that he was then engaged in the performance of any task that he was employed to perform.
The complaint merely alleges that Buettner was employed as a relay repairman in the relay shop of the defendant railroad and that at the time of the fight here involved he was acting in the course of his employment. There is no allegation tending to plead that engaging in the fight was a part of Buettner's duties as a repairman in the railway's shop.
The complaint alleges that the defendant railway was furnished a full report and notice of all the facts and circumstances under which the injuries were inflicted and while it alleges that Buettner was not fired as a result of the fight it wholly fails to allege that plaintiff was fired as a result of such fight.
In its answer the railway company admits that a hearing was had at which plaintiff and Buettner were allowed to produce any witnesses or testimony desired and that the railway company received a full report and notice of all facts concerning said fight, and it further alleges that as a result of said hearing plaintiff was discharged and Buettner retained. Such allegations apparently are not denied in plaintiff's reply which particularly addresses itself to the allegations of that portion of the railway's answer following the designation "For a separate affirmative defense and by way of new matter, defendant railway company alleges."
In its answer proper the defendant railway company specifically denied the allegations of paragraphs 7, 8 and 9 of plaintiff's complaint, relating to damages, and then "For a further separate affirmative defense and by way of new matter" in the third paragraph thereof alleged that on December 1, 1948, the plaintiff and Buettner were present in its relay shop in the course of their employment, and that plaintiff, while under the inflence of intoxicating liquor and without provocation, profanely abused Buettner, and assaulted him; that neither plaintiff in committing said assault nor Buettner in defending against said assault, was acting within the scope of his employment by the defendant railway company, or in the furtherance of any business of the defendant railway company and also in the fourth paragraph of its said affirmative defense the defendant railway company pleaded the Federal Employers' Liability Act.
Plaintiff's reply admits the allegations of the first and second paragraphs of defendant's separate affirmative defense and denied the allegations of the third paragraph thereof, except the allegations that plaintiff and Buettner were present and on duty in said relay shop in the course of their employment. The reply also specifically admits that the law of the United States was as is pleaded in the defendant railway's answer.
Under the above cited decisions construing Title 45 U.S.C.A.  section 51, which deny the railway's liability on similar facts, circumstances and conditions as are here pleaded, we hold that the pleadings fail to show that plaintiff Amann and Buettner were acting in the course of their employment while they engaged in the fight and encounter wherein the plaintiff received the injuries of which he here complains.
Plaintiff here contends since District Judge Berg had earlier  denied the defendant railway company's demurrer to the complaint, thereby holding the complaint sufficient, that thereafter Judge Lessley who was called in to hear and determine defendant's motion for judgment on the pleadings, was bound by and could neither review nor reverse Judge Berg's prior ruling on the demurrer. This contention we find to be without merit. See Outlook Farmers Elevator Co. v. American Surety Co., 70 Mont. 8, 16, 223 P. 905, and Boyle v. Chicago, M. St. P. Ry. Co., 60 Mont. 453, 459, 199 P. 283. See also, 21 C.J.S., Courts, section 195(c), pages 337-339; 15 C.J., Courts, section 359, page 963; 71 C.J.S., Pleading, section 268, page 556; 49 C.J., Pleading, section 561, pages 453, 454.
Accordingly the judgment of the district court is ordered affirmed.
MR. JUSTICES ANDERSON, DAVIS and BOTTOMLY, concur.
I think the judgment in this case should be reversed.
In support of my position I need go no further than the case of Lillie v. Thompson, 332 U.S. 459, 68 S.Ct. 140, 141, 92 L.Ed., 73, and the authorities relied on by the court in that case.
In that case the complaint according to the court's opinion, charged the following: "Respondent required her [petitioner], a 22-year old telegraph operator, to work alone between 11:30 p.m. and 7:30 a.m. in a one-room frame building situated in an isolated part of respondent's railroad yards in Memphis. Though respondent had reason to know the yards were frequented by dangerous characters, he failed to exercise reasonable care to light the building and its surroundings or to guard or patrol it in any way. Petitioner's duties were to receive and deliver messages to men operating trains in the yard. In order for the trainmen to get the messages it was necessary for them to come to the building at irregular intervals throughout the night, and it was petitioner's duty to admit them when they knocked. Because there were no windows in the buildings single door or on the side of the building in which the door was located, petitioner could identify persons seeking entrance only by unlocking and opening the door. About 1:30 a.m. on the night of her injury petitioner responded to a knock, thinking that some of respondent's trainmen were seeking admission. She opened the door, and before she could close it a man entered and beat her with a large piece of iron, seriously and permanently injuring her."
The court held that defendant under the facts stated in the complaint "had a duty to make reasonable provision against" the danger. It held that breach of that duty would be negligence and that it cannot say as a matter of law that the injury did not result in part from such negligence. It held the complaint sufficient and that it was error to enter summary judgment for respondent. The court rested its opinion on the rule of law stated in the Restatement, Torts, section 302, Comment n.
Section 302 provides in part that "A negligent act may be one which: * * * b. creates a situation which involves an unreasonable risk to another because of the expectable action of the other, a third person, an animal or a force of nature." Comment to which the court referred in the Lillie case as its authority contains a number of illustrations where there would be liability. Among others is number 16, reading: "A is a landlord of an apartment house. He employs B as a janitor, knowing that B is a man of uncontrollable temper. C, a tenant of one of the apartments, complains to B of the inadequacy of the heat. B becomes furiously angry and attacks C, seriously hurting him. A is liable to C."
Here the allegations are that defendant railway company was advised of the dangerous propensities of its employee and of his "resentful, quarrelsome, vindictive, threatening and turbulent disposition towards plaintiff", and that defendant company was requested to have him removed from the place where plaintiff was required to work because of the danger to plaintiff. This request was alleged to have been negligently disregarded and defendant Buettner without cause and without the fault or provocation of plaintiff wrongfully and maliciously assaulted plaintiff and gouged out his left eye. The facts alleged here make a stronger case of negligence on the part of the railway company than those in the Lillie case. In the Lillie case it was not an employee of the railway company who committed the assault, as here, and yet the court held there was liability.
The complaint was sufficient to state a cause of action and regardless of the fact that plaintiff at the oral argument abandoned his right to recover on the theory as alleged in his complaint that defendant Buettner at the time of assaulting plaintiff "was acting in the course of his employment by defendant railway company and in the scope of his employment as such employee."
Likewise it is of no consequence that the answer contains allegations that plaintiff profanely abused and assaulted Buettner before the latter assaulted plaintiff. That allegation merely tendered issue as to whether Buettner's assault was without provocation as alleged in plaintiff's complaint. Such issues may not be resolved on motion for judgment on the pleadings.
If any further authority, aside from the Lillie case, is necessary, then attention is called to the case of Tatham v. Wabash R. Co., 412 Ill. 568, 107 N.E.2d 735, 33 A.L.R. 2d 1287, where a case practically parallel with this on the facts was held to be ruled by the Lillie case and that the complaint was sufficient.
Neither the case of Davis v. Green, 260 U.S. 349, 43 S.Ct. 123, 67 L.Ed. 299, nor Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. v. Southwell, 275 U.S. 64, 48 S.Ct. 25, 72 L.Ed. 157, is in point here.
In the Davis case it was charged that the railway company negligently employed a dangerous man with notice of his characteristics. But this allegation was not sustained by proof. On this point the court said, [ 260 U.S. 349, 43 S.Ct. 124] "We see nothing in the evidence that would justify a verdict unless the doctrine of respondent superior applies." The court simply held that there was neither allegation nor proof that the killing was done to further the master's business or as "anything but a wanton and wilful act done to satisfy the temper or spite of the engineer." The opinion is rested on the proposition that there was no proof and in fact no allegation that would bring the case within the rule of respondent superior, i.e., that the assault was done in furtherance of the master's business. It simply held that the case did not have to do with primary negligence for having employed a dangerous man with knowledge of his dangerous propensities since the evidence failed to make out a case in that respect.
In the case of Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. v. Southwell, supra, the facts were that the victim of the assault (not the one making the assault) was the one who had known dangerous characteristics. It is not comparable to this case. The court's summary of the facts was as follows [ 275 U.S. 64, 48 S.Ct. 26]: "* * * Fonvielle, the general yard master, knew that Southwell, the man who was killed, on previous occasions had used threatening language to Dallas, who shot Southwell; that Fonvielle knew or ought to have known that they were likely to meet when they did; that Fonvielle was with Dallas, his subordinate, just before that moment and that Dallas said to him `Cap. all I want to do is to ask Southwell to lay off of me and let me alone,' and that Fonvielle said that he must not see Southwell, that if he saw him and talked to him it might bring about unpleasant consequences; that Fonvielle left Dallas and after having gone a short distance saw him and Southwell approaching each other and had taken a few steps towards them with a view to separate them in case of an altercation, but that before he had time to reach them the shot was fired. Fonvielle knew that Dallas had a pistol but there was a strike at the time. Dallas was a special policeman and had a right to carry it and not unnaturally did. * * *"
Here the reverse is true. According to the complaint the railway company knew of the dangerous characteristics of the defendant employee who committed the assault and was warned of the likelihood that he might do so long in advance of the event.
Mere knowledge of the provocative nature of the one assaulted as in the Southwell case would not show negligence on the part of the railway company. Before it could be held to be negligent there must have been, as here, allegation that it knew of the dangerous propensities of the one who actually made the assault in advance of the event. That case does not support the defendant's contention here. This difference between the Lillie case and the Davis and Southwell cases is what drew from the court in the Lillie case the following: "The cases cited * * * do not cover the fact situation set forth in the pleadings in this case." The fact situation here is exactly the same as in the Lillie case. But if either the Davis or Southwell case by any stretch of the imagination can be said to support the defendant's contention here then they must be held to be overruled by necessary implication by the case of Lillie v. Thompson which is the last case on the subject by the Supreme Court of the United States.
The case of Young v. New York Central R. Co., 88 Ohio App. 352, 88 N.E.2d 220, 222, so strongly relied on in the majority opinion, is not comparable to this. In that case plaintiff had worked with the man who assaulted him by relieving him at the end of his shift and the evidence showed that they "`got along all right.'" The employer had not been warned as here of the danger to plaintiff of being required to work with the one making the assault. Likewise that case did not turn on the sufficiency of the complaint as does this.
The case of St. Louis-San Francisco Ry. Co. v. Mills, 271 U.S. 344, 46 S.Ct. 520, 70 L.Ed. 979, relied on in the Young case and cited with apparent approval in the majority opinion here, bears no resemblance to this case. There the injury was done by strikers and the employer had furnished a guard for employees and hence it was held that its duty was discharged. It should be noted that in the Lillie case the grounds were not guarded or patrolled. Likewise the case of Green v. Atlanta Charlotte Air Line Ry. Co., 151 S.C. 1, 148 S.E. 633, reversed in 279 U.S. 821, 49 S.Ct. 350, 73 L.Ed. 976, is not comparable to this since in that case the injury was done by a gang of robbers over whom the railway company had no control.
The United States Supreme Court did not state the basis of its opinion but evidently it was on the ground that there was no proof of negligence since the defendant kept men on the grounds policing the premises.
In my opinion the judgment should be reversed and the cause remanded with directions to overrule the motion for judgment on the pleadings.