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Wednesday, January 6, 2016 George Nelson
Market for Student Housing Keeps Building at YSU
YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio – For Christopher Tornello, manager of CT Rentals, the Youngstown State University community is a proven rental market.
Tornello's company has been leasing properties to YSU students for 40 years. When he attended YSU, he saw firsthand his fellow students' need for better housing.
"Most of the housing that was offered students was substandard," he recalled Tuesday. His friends who lived in off-campus housing had "a lot of negative experiences with their landlords, culminating in putting the rent into escrow. … I saw that they weren't getting a fair shake and felt that there was a market."
Tornello, owner of 13 properties he leases to students, has seen more players enter that market: the opening of the YSU-owned University Courtyard Apartments in 2003, followed by the privately owned Flats at Wick in 2010 and Erie Terminal Place in 2012.
And the market continues to grow.
Tonight City Council will consider a waiver of a portion of the sewer tap-in fees for Hallmark Student Housing LLC's $7.5 million project at Fifth and West Rayen avenues. Officials broke ground in September on the Columbus developer's 162-bed student housing project, which is expected to be open for business this fall semester. The YSU board of trustees also recently took steps toward an additional complex on university-owned property.
Nearly 1,300 students live in campus-controlled housing, about 10% of enrollment, reports Danielle Meyer, director of housing and residence life at YSU. "Although current housing options on, near and adjacent to campus are not overflowing or contending with wait lists," she said, "there does seem to be success in leasing new apartments as they are built."
Meyer says demand for housing has increased the 16 years she has been at YSU. "University housing had over capacity when the University Courtyard apartments opened. They filled and university housing was doing well when the Flats at Wick opened," she said. "As new housing has continued to open, it has seemed to generate interest and excitement in living on or near campus."
Student demand has definitely grown for more housing choices, affirmed Denise Latsko, community manager for Common Wealth Property Management in Youngstown. Common Wealth leases a half dozen units near campus to students.
"We don't have a big community but we run at 100% occupancy most of the time," she said. "We're definitely seeing a lot of kids from out of the area who are moving into the area looking for housing. They want to live near campus."
"Students are excited to live independently in modern, attractive housing near a thriving downtown atmosphere," YSU's Meyer says. "Living at home just doesn't give the same experience. Word of mouth abut the various apartments and opportunities is spreading and the feedback is very positive."
Slow, incremental growth is providing YSU students the opportunity to live on or near campus. "[It] is something we need to become a real, comprehensive university with every opportunity available," YSU President Jim Tressel said.
Last month YSU trustees authorized the lease of property at Wick and Lincoln avenues to LRC Realty Inc., Akron, to develop a new student-housing complex. YSU can begin negotiations with LRC for a ground lease for the property, Tressel said.
"The downtown is really growing and becoming vibrant, and connecting [downtown and YSU] is a tremendous benefit for both," he remarked. "It's going to be a great opportunity for students to be close to the library and close to the downtown, close to the [Youngstown] Business Incubator, close to America Makes, close to Suzie's Dogs and Drafts, whatever. It's just a great opportunity to make it a great university town."
The project would encompass a little more than 100,000 square feet, with four stories of student housing – 165 beds — and some 15,000 square feet of retail and restaurants, said Gary O'Nesti, special projects director at LRC. Price tag for the project is yet to be determined.
"The market is there and the opportunity is available at YSU," O'Nesti said. O'Nesti, who briefly worked for the city several years ago, notes that LCR President Frank Licata is a YSU graduate, "one of the reasons the market was important to us," he says.
Amenities will include WiFi, a fitness center for tenants, and potentially a "roof deck type of exposure," he said.
Discussions have begun with retailers and O'Nesti described interest as "very good." He expects commercial tenants will be a mixture of dining and specialty retail. "It will be complementary to the students and the downtown as well," he said.
As enrollment at YSU rebounds, more individuals from outside the region are applying and will be looking for a place to live on or near campus, said Eddie Howard, associate vice president for student experience.
"We know that we don't have the wherewithal to build those properties on our own. So the next best thing is find some public-private partnerships so those additional housing units can be developed," he said. "And this is a model that a variety of other institutions are using. … That's really a trend that's just going on across the nation."
Research shows students who live on campus tend to do better academically, and are more involved campus activities, he added.
Howard knows firsthand what living in the campus community is like. Hired last May, he was asked whether he would be willing to live on campus for a while so that he could start sooner. Since coming to Youngstown, he has lived in University Courtyard.
In addition to reaffirming the "positive" aspects of living on campus, the experience allows him to see the activities within the complex and the students' various experiences. He also sees the issues they face regarding transportation and repairs in the residence halls are made in a timely manner. When he is ready to buy a house, one thing he'll keep in mind is being close to campus so he can respond to students' concerns, he said.
The residence halls YSU operates are Kilcawley House, Lyden House, Wick House, Cafaro House and Weller House Apartments. The rate for Kilcawley, Lyden, Wick and Cafaro is $4,495 per semester, which covers room and board, while Weller, which is room only, is $3,570 per semester.
Among the students living on campus is Quincy Carrier. A junior from Maple Heights, just south of Cleveland, Carrier has lived in on-campus housing since he arrived and has been a resident assistant at Lyden House since May.
"The community aspect is one of the biggest attractions of living on campus here," he said. Having some of the amenities that students were used to back home requires communicating and sharing, he remarked.
He also enjoys not having the "barrier of having to drive 20 minutes to be able to connect with everybody on campus," for example, for joint study sessions. Living on campus also makes participating in clubs easier, as well as having a place to stay during the long gaps between classes and activities.
The telecommunications and theater major said his role as a resident assistant goes beyond "policing the halls or being a hall monitor." It's more about "being a community builder and making connections with the residents."
Multi-unit options not managed by YSU include University Courtyard, Flats at Wick, Erie Terminal Place and Buechner Hall, a residence hall for women that has operated since 1940.
Tornello said his properties offer paid utilities, including cable and Internet, and the city housing department inspects and licenses all of his offerings. "When the student rents from us, it's the complete package," he said. Rents at his properties range from $435 to $575 per person, according to YSU's off-campus housing guide.
Also, by renting the individual residential homes, he claims to offer something his competitors don't. "We offer a niche for students looking to live in regular residential-style living," he said. He also markets to sports teams and other students who want to live with others involved in common interests or shared activities.
"They run on the same schedules. They are in the same activities. They are often in the same classes and for some reason they develop close friendships and they find residential living better," he explained.
Pictured: Site preparation work at Hallmark Student Housing LLC's $7.5 million project at Fifth and West Rayen avenues.
Copyright 2023 The Business Journal, Youngstown, Ohio.
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Crazy Like a Fox: Quality of a Disclosure under Section 102(g)
Dec 27th, 2012 by Jon Schuchardt | Recent News & Articles | Share
The Fox Group, Inc. v. Cree, Inc. (Fed. Cir., 2012)
What kind of showing must an infringement defendant make to demonstrate a prior invention under Section 102(g), and what must a patentee do to show that the prior inventor abandoned, suppressed, or concealed? If the prior inventor makes an oral presentation and publishes a paper mentioning the composition but not revealing how to make it, is that enough? In The Fox Group, Inc. v. Cree, Inc., decided November 28, 2012, the Federal Circuit affirmed the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, which granted summary judgment of patent invalidity in favor of Cree. The panel disagreed about whether Fox met its burden of production on the abandon/suppress/conceal issue, but I think dissenting Judge Kathleen O'Malley has the more wily view.
Fox owns U.S. Pat. No. 6,562,130, which describes and claims axially grown, single-crystal silicon carbide (Si-C) having a low level of defects. Claim 1, for instance, requires Si-C having a "density of dislocations of less than 104 per square centimeter, a density of micropipes of less than 10 per square centimeter, and a density of secondary phase inclusions of less than 10 per cubic centimeter." When Fox sued Cree, Cree argued that it had shown an image of just such a low-defect Si-C crystal at a 1995 conference. In 1996, Cree published a paper in which a cropped image of the crystal was shown, and the caption identified it as having a "total line defect density of about 1000 cm-2."
The district court granted Cree's motion for summary judgment and declared Fox's claims invalid in August 2011, prompting Fox's appeal to the CAFC. Fox argued that Cree had not conclusively shown prior invention. Moreover, Cree had abandoned, suppressed, or concealed the invention by not publishing it and failing to commercialize within a reasonable time.
The Federal Circuit disagreed with Fox and upheld the lower court. It ruled that Cree's presentation and paper evidenced prior invention. As Judge Wallach wrote: "The test for establishing reduction to practice requires that 'the prior inventor must have (1) constructed an embodiment or performed a process that met all the claim limitations and (2) determined that the invention would work for its intended purpose' . . . Cree met both prongs . . . It developed . . . a SiC wafer that met all three defect density limitations of claims 1 and 19 of the '130 patent." The court explained that, contrary to Fox's contention, Cree had no burden to show that it had repeatedly made low-defect Si-C crystals. It concluded that there was no genuine issue of material fact as to whether Cree had reduced the invention to practice.
On the issue of abandonment, suppression or concealment, the majority held that Fox had not met its burden to produce evidence sufficient to raise a genuine issue of material fact. "Fox contends that the presentation and publication . . . are not enough to enable one skilled in the art to make the invention, because Cree never disclosed how it got its results." The court noted that Fox relied on cases reciting process rather than product claims. "Fox argues that any distinction between product and process claims is irrelevant. We disagree . . . Cree promptly made its invention, a SiC material with low defect densities, known to the public. Fox has not produced sufficient evidence raising any genuine issues of material fact to show that Cree suppressed or concealed its invention."
Judge O'Malley's dissent is thorough and compelling. She agreed that Cree showed that it grew a Si-C crystal that met Fox's claim limitations, and that Cree appreciated the qualities. This was enough to establish a prior reduction to practice by Cree. However, she disagreed that the record supported the majority's conclusion that Cree was entitled to judgment as a matter of law on the issue of abandonment, suppression, or concealment. According to Judge O'Malley, summary judgment was "inappropriate because (1) Fox presented evidence of both direct and inferential abandonment, suppression, or concealment, and (2) Cree's written publication . . . was insufficient standing alone to rebut Fox's evidence."
Judge O'Malley pointed to evidence offered by Fox to support its view, including deposition testimony from Dr. Calvin Carter, a Cree inventor, regarding the "company's policy to exclude all details as to how to replicate discoveries in any publications regarding them." Fox argued that Cree "made a choice" not to disclose the invention or teach the public how to make it, then delayed nine years before filing a patent application. In Judge O'Malley's view, Fox presented evidence "sufficient to encompass both intentional and inferential abandonment, suppression, or concealment." Fox's showing shifted the burden to Cree to rebut by clear and convincing evidence. "Here, Cree's only rebuttal argument was that it disclosed the Kyoto wafer, together with an x-ray topography and a description of its low-defect nature . . . . In short, the district court and now the majority here, find that the same evidence which established Cree's prior reduction to practice was sufficient to prohibit a finding of abandonment, suppression, or concealment."
Judge O'Malley criticized the majority for ignoring Apotex USA, Inc. v. Merck & Co., 254 F.3d 1031 (Fed. Cir. 2001). "Apotex makes clear that a prior inventor must show that the public was clearly given the benefit of an invention, via reverse-engineering, a detailed disclosure, or otherwise, if it wants to rely on § 102(g) to invalidate a patent. Despite the majority's finding to the contrary, simply disclosing the existence of the product, without more, is insufficient to make an invention publicly known . . . Because Cree made the fact of its invention known to the public, the majority . . . concludes that Fox can never establish abandonment, suppression, or concealment. Under the majority's approach, an inventor could publicly announce that it made a product, with no explanation as to how it did so, and then hide it away in a closet indefinitely . . . The majority's approach cannot be the law. If a prior inventor could disclose the mere existence of a product and take no further action for nine years, the concept of abandonment, suppression, or concealment would be rendered meaningless."
Judge O'Malley is on target. Section 102(g) prevents mischief by requiring full disclosure in some form, be it commercialization or publication. You could call me crazy for siding with the dissent here, but I'm not that kind of crazy . . . just crazy like a fox.
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Beetroot, the wonderfully colourful vegetable that splits opinion far and wide. Although it's safe to say this vegetable's reputation has hit an all-time high in recent years, largely due to the vast experimentation and the understanding of its nutritional profile.
If you take a look back at history, the Ancient Greeks only ever ate the leaves and stalks, which were consumed like chard. The beet roots however, were only occasionally used in healing and medicine. Another interesting fact, is that many cultures for a long time have considered beets to be an aphrodisiac. We can't claim this to be a 100% scientific fact but it's worth the frisky risk right?!
It wasn't until the 16th century that the Germans, or possibly the Italians began to experiment with the bulbous deep purple root for consumption. Beetroot would have to wait a full two centuries later to become a worldwide culinary phenomenon and seen as a necessary dietary staple, especially due to its resilient growing capacity in all weather conditions.
Commonly, beets are known to be quite earthy and this is possibly why historically people have looked down on the vegetable. As much as we agree that beets can be quite earthy, they can also be extremely sweet and delicious.
Here's a bit of knowledge for you. In 1747, a chemist from Berlin by the name Andreas Sigismund Marggraf, discovered a way of producing sucrose (sugar) from beets.
His student, Franz Achard, perfected the method of extracting the sucrose, which later eventuated in the King of Prussia having a hand in building a sugar beet industry in Poland. Today, 30% of the worlds sugar comes from sugar beets!
Another interesting fact: Beetroot is also one of the most economical crops of the Beta Vulgaris family of large order flowering plants. Beet sugar production requires four times less water than sugar cane production, making it a super attractive crop for farmers. Basically, beetroot has many layers beyond the dark red colour that we first see.
We are however, a creative bunch here at Urban Blends and just one ingredient is never enough, no matter how many strange facts we can provide about it.
When creating our Beetroot Blend, we experimented with many ingredients and eventually landed on the below six.
First, a ginger from southern India provides a noticeable spice hit. We also wanted the blend to have a slight kick but at the same time provide a warming sensation so we added a pinch of Sri lankan black pepper, which perfectly complements the ginger. From there, we added a Vietnamese ceylon cinnamon and a dark star anise, also originating from Vietnam. After this, a coconut sugar from Indonesia was added to provide a hint of caramel sweetness, finishing off without our beetroot, which we sourced from Poland.
The carefully considered combination of ingredients provide a comforting, yet exhilarating drink blend. The broad range of sensory profiles compliment each other perfectly to provide a perfectly balanced, harmonised blend accompanied with many rich layers of complexity.
Often a conversation starter, this is one blend that really gets people talking!
Beetroots have mellow sweet characteristics and boast an excellent nutritional profile that includes plenty of essential vitamins, minerals such as calcium, iron and a great source of fiber and nitrates such as magnesium and potassium. They also contain unique bioactive compounds called Betalains, which can benefit overall health.
The powerful vitamin and mineral content of beets ensure that you receive healthy amounts of some of the most vital nutrients. Despite their sugar content sitting at the top of all vegetables, beets have no (zero) cholesterol, very small amounts of fat and they're super low on calories – only about 43 calories per 100 grams of beets.


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Afra Bianchin – architetta, designer e restauratrice italiana
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We are super excited to announce that the long-awaited indie hit Strange Telephone is out now on Playism and Steam! Fans of Yume Nikki and YUMENIKKI -DREAM DIARY- will love this title, so check it out!
Strange Telephone delves into the multi-ending 2D adventure game, developed by HZ3 Software. Travel around a strange pixel world, automatically generated by a 6-digit phone number. Strange Telephone gained critical acclaim upon its smartphone release, and now, Ver. 2.0 has released on PC.
Version 2.0 – What's new?
With the upgrade to 2.0 for the PC release, a variety of different features have been added to the game!
Mouse, keyboard and gamepad controls have been added!
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Learn more about the game and its lore in the new Library, adding explanations and details to various objects you encounter.
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Life and Religion Are One
ACCORDING TO ONE AMERICAN READER, fans raved about George MacDonald's novels as if they were "a new gospel." A huge public, she insisted, was "greedy" for more. It was not MacDonald's gospel that was new, however, but his fresh presentation of the gospel's relevance to life. MacDonald had once said, "The life, thoughts, deeds, aims, beliefs of Jesus have to be fresh expounded every age, for all the depth of eternity lies in them, and they have to be seen into more profoundly every new era of the world's spiritual history." Through his writing, he had found a way to do just that.
"Life and religion are one, or neither is anything," he insisted. Incensed by seeing professing Christians intellectually assent to Christian doctrine while still adhering to secular attitudes and patterns of life, he dedicated his ministry to demonstrating that Christian truth is at the very heart of life. Life itself is constantly trying to teach that unity. "The same God who is in us... also is all about us—inside, the Spirit; outside, the Word," he remarked, "and the two are ever trying to meet in us." That is, every aspect of the created universe and of human experience comes from God. Rightly received, all of life is a vehicle of grace.
A Storyteller for the Ages
Stories, MacDonald discovered, are an ideal means for showing people the sacramental character of life. A prolific writer, he composed poetry, novels, and fairy tales for both children and adults, as well as sermons, essays, and works of literary criticism—over 50 books in all. A shrewd and discerning student of his own life's experiences, both those of joy and those of grief, he portrayed the truths he discovered in his large gallery of characters. He was careful to teach nothing that his own life did not exemplify.
MacDonald's popularity in his own century was based largely upon his novels, and such titles as Sir Gibbie, Robert Falconer, and Thomas Wingfold, Curate remain highly readable today to all who are interested in the wedding of Christian truth to human experience. It is in the mythic reaches of his fairy tales, however, that his literary reputation largely endures. They stand not only in their own right but as the forerunners of many such writings by G. K. Chesterton, C. S. Lewis, Charles Williams, J. R. R. Tolkien, and Madeleine L'Engle.
Chesterton and Lewis, perhaps the two most influential Christian writers of the 20th century, both hailed him as pivotal in shaping their thought. Chesterton dubbed him "St. Francis of Aberdeen" and said that MacDonald's The Princess and the Goblin, which had been read to him in the nursery, was a book that "made a difference to my whole existence, which helped me to see things in a certain way from the start." Lewis saluted MacDonald as his "master," affirming that he had never written a book that did not bear the stamp of MacDonald's influence. What most affected Lewis was MacDonald's portrayal of "holiness": "The quality which had enchanted me in his imaginative works turned out to be the quality of the real universe, the divine, magical, terrifying and ecstatic reality in which we all live."
Earthly Father and Heavenly Father
George MacDonald's discernment of the "real universe" began in his childhood. He was born in 1824 in Huntly, a town in the north of Scotland whose inhabitants held to a stern and unwavering form of Calvinism. His deep need for love was frustrated by the death of his mother from tuberculosis when he was eight. His Calvinist father, who was both a stern disciplinarian and an understanding, loving parent, undertook to be both father and mother to his family of boys.
George MacDonald Sr. was indeed a man of legendary proportions. His grandson Greville, writing the family history, tells how as a strict teetotaler he refused the recommended whiskey sedative and watched without protest while his tubercular leg was being amputated at the knee, the operation taking place on the living room table. On the other hand, he gave loving attention to his growing sons, entertaining them with many stories lifted from both the Old Testament and Gaelic mythology.
A thoughtful and sensitive child who took churchgoing very seriously, MacDonald nevertheless began to question such teachings as unconditional election and limited atonement. He wondered how the heavenly Father who created the universe and all people in it could be less loving and tender than his earthly father. Surely God was as interested in fairness as any good person was.
The God of the Beautiful
Although sorely pressed for funds, George MacDonald, Sr., recognizing in his son unusual intellectual abilities, found a way to send him to King's College, Aberdeen. A fellow student at King's described the young MacDonald as "studious, quiet, sensitive, imaginative, frank, open, speaking freely what he thought. His love of truth was intense, only equaled by his scorn of meanness, his purity and his moral courage." Love of truth and morality characterized his entire life.
At King's, MacDonald discovered in such German Romantic writers as Novalis and E. T. A. Hoffmann a form of Christianity radically different from the Calvinism of his youth. In sharp contrast to the impersonal and highly intellectualized teachings of the Shorter Catechism—from which as a youth he had been taught Christian doctrine—here was a deeply personal, mystical, and imaginative faith that resonated with MacDonald's own longings. These writings saved him from jettisoning his faith as did so many of his fellow Victorian writers.
Upon graduating, he was for two years employed as a tutor for a merchant's family in London. He saw in their lives, together with those of the Christians in the evangelical church he attended, the same discrepancies between professed belief and behavior that he had seen in Scotland. The only difference was their overriding concern with material gain. Feeling his faith severely challenged, he delved afresh into the gospel accounts of Christ's life and ministry. There he saw that the attitudes Christ confronted in his day were not unlike those he was seeing around him. Studying Christ's teachings for himself, he was deeply moved by the beauty of their moral qualities.
In the gospels he saw that fusion of life and truth for which his soul longed. "One of my greatest difficulties in considering to think of religion," he wrote to his father, "was that I thought I should have to give up my beautiful thoughts and my love for the things God had made. But I find that the happiness springing from all things not in themselves sinful is much increased by religion. God is the God of the beautiful, Religion the love of the Beautiful, & Heaven the House of the Beautiful—nature is tenfold brighter in the sun of righteousness, and my love of nature is more intense since I became a Christian."
Wisdom Through Suffering
After graduating from Highbury Theological Seminary, a Congregational institution, he married Louisa Powell, daughter of a London leather merchant, and together they took a church in Arundel, a town near the south coast of Sussex. Seeing in his flock the same neglect of Christian living and preoccupation with materialistic pursuits that had repulsed him in London, he began earnestly to commend to them the importance of applying the teachings of Christ to everyday life.
Displeased with such emphasis in their young pastor, the leaders in the congregation reduced his salary by two-thirds and complained that he was influenced by "German theology" and that he expressed a hope that all people will learn to be righteous, here or hereafter. The MacDonalds were not averse to living in poverty if that were necessary, but when MacDonald saw his presence was splitting the church, he left. Later, he imaginatively presented his pastoral experiences in his novel Annals of a Quiet Neighborhood. Moving to Manchester, he tried to establish a church of his own and also to lecture on English literature.
Throughout this period of frustration and soul-searching he had confided his questions and frustrations with his father, who had earnestly tried to sympathize and counsel. MacDonald was deeply impressed that his own father bore, on an earthly plane, a dim resemblance to the heavenly Father in whom Christ had explicit trust. The ideal human relation of father to son became the cornerstone of his theology. "It is impossible to know God as he is and not desire him," MacDonald concluded.
As his own father's love and counsel could be counted upon to see him through hardship, so could that of God the Father. MacDonald became deeply convinced that the hardships and adversities of life are expressions of God's love necessary to strengthen and refine the soul. "So sure am I that many things which illness has led me to see are true, that I would endlessly rather never be well than lose sight of them," he later wrote in his novel Paul Faber, Surgeon. His fantasy At the Back of the North Wind gives memorable imaginative expression to these convictions.
MacDonald's own hardships were manifold. When he was a young man, frequent nose-bleeds led him to suspect tuberculosis, the dread disease that beset his family and took several of his siblings. In 1855 he nearly died of an attack, saved only by the desperate measures of a homeopathic doctor from his Manchester congregation. MacDonald was utterly weakened and bedridden for many weeks.
Amidst extreme poverty and almost continuous ill health, however, the family saw their needs amazingly met, often at the last minute. Although MacDonald was always determined not to accept a dole, his friends and admirers nevertheless found ways to help. Being deeply moved by MacDonald's early dramatic poem Within and Without, Lady Byron, widow of the Romantic poet Lord Byron, determined to locate the author. Finding him at Manchester in dire straits, she succeeded in convincing him she would be "the obliged person" if she were allowed to help. They accepted her offer of an expense-paid sojourn in Algiers. Their nine-month residence in the dry atmosphere and intense sunshine there was healing and restorative. It turned his health around.
Such events established MacDonald's deep sense of trust in the faithfulness of God. Life was not an affair of chance with a few divine interventions, but rather one continuous providence in which God was doing his best for every person. Wisdom came from listening carefully to what life taught.
Success and heartbreak
Returning to England from Africa, the family took residence in Hastings, a resort community on the south coast. There he published Phantastes, his first attempt at Christian fantasy, in 1858. His purpose was to combine his own Christian vision with the mythic power he felt in the fantasy writing of the German Romantic authors and in such fairy tales as those of the Grimm brothers and Hans Christian Andersen.
This fantasy for adults sold poorly, however, and publishers were wary of sponsoring any more such works. Earlier, when he was a struggling young preacher and lecturer on English literature, a publisher had told him that the public cared for nothing but novels. But after attempting to write one, he discovered no publisher cared for his. Then, an inspiration struck. While attending a literary dinner, he overheard a journalist jokingly tell of a Scottish epitaph he had seen:
Here lie I, Martin Elginbrodde;
Have mercy o' my soul, Lord God;
As I wad do, were I Lord God,
An' ye war Martin Elginbrodde.
The epitaph suggested to MacDonald the deep desire of the human heart for God to be as considerate in judgment as a fair-minded person would be. Fondly recalling the gentle even-handedness of his stern yet loving Scottish father—recently deceased—he undertook to memorialize him in a story set in his beloved Scotland.
The result was David Elginbrod, a novel both publisher and public did care for. Sales were strong and the publisher wanted more. MacDonald had discovered his gift for capturing the nature of Scottish peasant life and accurately transcribing the quaint lilt of the Scottish dialect. More importantly to him, he now had a vehicle for giving fresh expression to Christian truth for his age, the novel being a comparatively new literary type. Writing authentic and plausible narratives acted as a discipline that kept his preaching relevant to human experience. He was soon producing novels at the rate of almost one a year. These works are remarkable for MacDonald's ability to embody true goodness in memorable characters, making godly living believable and attractive. They remain astute explorations of the practical relation of Christian conduct to life.
1867, he was able to purchase the Retreat, a home situated along the banks of the Thames in Hammersmith, west London. There, while MacDonald wrote and lectured, Louisa began adapting fairy tales for their family—now numbering 11 children—to act out. Acting became a family ministry. The MacDonalds were close friends of John Ruskin and Octavia Hill, pioneers in making livable housing available for the working poor. MacDonald did some preaching in their housing developments, and soon many of the inhabitants were being invited to the Retreat for Sunday afternoon entertainments.
Now in demand both as a lecturer and novelist, MacDonald together with Louisa and their oldest son Greville made a nine-month lecture tour of the United States in 1872-73. They traveled a circuit throughout New England and westward as far as St. Louis and Chicago, making a foray into Canada as well. Many of his American fans thanked him with tears of gratitude for the faith his novels had instilled in them.
His popularity in the United States was a mixed blessing, however. Unscrupulous publishers began pirating his books, paying him nothing. The lack of international copyright laws left MacDonald helpless. He also found his income at home greatly reduced, as English publishers were now forced by the competition to pay appreciably less for new manuscripts.
The family faced a yet more devastating experience when their second daughter Mary, engaged to a promising young artist, contracted tuberculosis. Desperate to defeat the disease, they set out for the Mediterranean, lacking both sufficient money and a definite destination but trusting God to provide. At Nervi near Genoa on the Italian coast they found temporary quarters in a commodious villa, but Mary died there in 1878. The family, whose emotional ties were especially strong, was crushed with grief.
The House of Courage
Finding the climate a great benefit to MacDonald's precarious health, and discovering they could live more cheaply in Italy than England, they again took temporary quarters near the coastal town of Portofino. But early in 1879 their 15-year old son Maurice, stricken with severe cough and fever, died suddenly. Insult was added to grief when the local parish refused his burial in their graveyard, he not being of the Catholic faith. The family had no choice but to inter his remains on a rocky, unkempt hillside beyond the cemetery walls.
In 1880, on the strength of a generous purse taken by several friends, the MacDonalds had a very large and commodious home built in Bordighera, naming it Casa Coraggio. They used the extra room to give temporary lodging to people in dire straits who needed short-term help. So common was the family's practice of hospitality that a stranger once came to Bordighera inquiring for the location of the MacDonald "sanatorium." The ample space also allowed the daughters to receive pupils, as well as accommodating MacDonald as he preached weekly in his quiet, intimate manner to all who attended.
MacDonald was to know more deep heartaches, however. Another daughter Grace died of tuberculosis in 1884, as did their highly talented firstborn, Lilia, in 1891. Her death leant breadth and depth to his final adult fantasy, Lilith, which he published in 1895. A complex and intricate myth imaginatively exploring the afterlife, it stands as both a tribute and a response to Dante's The Divine Comedy. When MacDonald died in 1905, his ashes were placed in Louisa's grave in Bordighera.
Throughout his life, MacDonald maintained his conviction that each event came from the hand of his heavenly Father for his good. His quiet and persistent optimism triumphed over the many reversals of his life, not because Christian faith shielded from hardship, but because he believed that hardships and trials were the chief means by which a loving God could perfect his children. "What we call evil, is the only and best shape, which, for the person and his condition at the time, could be assumed by the best good," he concluded in Phantastes.
A Book of Strife in the form of the diary of an old soul, a long devotional poem composed after the deaths of Mary and Maurice, is a poignant testament to his sacramental faith. It suggests something of that holiness which C. S. Lewis felt in his writings:
But thou art making me, I thank thee, sire.
What thou hast done and doest thou know'st well,
And I will help thee: gently in thy fire
I will lie burning; on thy potter's wheel
I will whirl patient, though my brain should reel.
Thy grace shall be enough the grief to quell,
And growing strength perfect through weakness dire.
—Rolland Hein
For the MacDonald family, life and drama blended together. The writer Katherine Moor has quipped that when Louisa MacDonald stopped producing babies she started producing plays. With a family of 11 children and their friends, there was no shortage of actors with sufficient artistic talent, not only to act but also to produce sets, props and music.
Louisa's Chamber Dramas was published in 1870 and included plays—such as "Cinderella," "Beauty and the Beast," and "Snowdrop"—performed by the MacDonald family for their own amusement, for friends, and for the tenants of Octavia Hill's housing schemes. So successful were these performances that both their audience and their repertoire widened. Performances of Shakespeare's Macbeth and Twelfth Night and two comedies, Obstinacy and Domestic Economy, followed.
The turning point came when Louisa realized that her ailing family needed a change of air. As Louisa dramatized the second part of John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, in which Christiana follows her husband Christian on the Pilgrim's journey, the MacDonald family entered a new phase. Their lives gradually blended with the drama as their seasonal migration to Italy began.
Louisa overcame obstacles of social prejudice against religious drama by the simplicity of her adaptation of Bunyan's work and by her belief that its production was her God-given mission. Victorian Christians generally associated theater with the pursuit of pleasure and regarded it as a potentially corrupting influence. Religious drama was looked upon as irreverent. One stern Scottish character in MacDonald's novel Malcolm calls the theater "the hoose o' ineequity" (the house of iniquity). Just how innovative the MacDonalds were can be gauged from the entry for George MacDonald in the 1912 Dictionary of National Biography, which comments that Louisa's adaptation of The Pilgrim's Progress "led the way for later revival of old miracle plays."
Despite such controversy, the play, performed between 1877 and 1889 in both Britain and Italy, proved to be a great success. Audiences were full and though reviews were mixed, the negative comments turned upon the uneven talents of the players rather than the content of the play.
After Lilia, the eldest daughter and most talented actor, died in 1891, the heart went out of the theatrical performances and the magnificent painted backdrops for Progress were put to other purposes. Friends continued to address family members by the names of characters they played, however — a confirmation of the MacDonalds' sense of life as a pilgrimage.
By Rolland Hein
[Christian History originally published this article in Christian History Issue #86 in 2005]
Rolland Hein is professor of English emeritus at Wheaton College.
Jesus Was Her Guru
If you don't know the inner strength of an Indian woman with a divine call, you haven't met Pandita Ramabai.
Keith J. White
Hearts in Training
Lewis employed his imaginative gifts to dispel his readers' illusions and educate their feelings.
Doris T. Myers
A Pen in God's Hand
Richard Baxter wrote, preached, taught, and visited his way to become the model pastor.
Paul C. H. Lim
The Crowning of Charlemagne.
Patrick Henry Reardon
Christian History Magazine #86 - George MacDonald


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Home Forums > Media > Blu-ray and UHD >
Fox and the Hound-80s Fox Movies Lost in the Forest
Discussion in 'Blu-ray and UHD' started by Louis Letizia, Jan 16, 2019.
Message #1 of 14 Jan 16, 2019
Louis Letizia Supporting Actor
NOV (Never on Video in US) NOB (Never on Bluray in U.S.) VHS (only format)
1980: Fatso (NOB)
Headin For Broadway (NOV)
Oh! Heavenly Dog (NOB)
Middle Age Crazy (VHS)
Willie & Phil (VHS)
H*E*A*L*T*H (NOV)
The Man With Bogart's Face (NOB)
A Change Of Seasons (NOB)
1981: Eyewitness (NOB)
On The Right Track (VHS)
Hardly Working (VHS)
Savage Harvest (NOV)
Chu Chu and The Philly Flash (VHS)
Zorro, The Gay Blade (NOB)
Shock Treatment (NOB)
Tattoo (VHS)
The Woman inside (VHS)
Modern Problems (NOB)
1982: The Amateur (NOB)
Making Love (NOB)
Melanie (VHS)
Quest For Fire (NOB)
I Ought To Be in Pictures (NOB)
Author! Author! (NOB)
Megaforce (NOB)
The Pirate Movie (NOB)
Kiss Me Goodbye (NOB)
1983 Without a Trace (NOB)
Betrayal (VHS)
Max Dugan Returns (NOB)
Heart Like a Wheel (NOB)
To Begin Again (NOV)
Threshold (VHS)
Lies (VHS)
Bill Cosby: Himself (NOB)
A Night in Heaven (NOB)
Two of a Kind (NOB)
1984 Phar Lap (VHS)
Secret Diary of Sigmund Freud (VHS)
Piaf: The Early Years (VHS)
Unfaithfully Yours (NOB)
Antarctica (VHS)
The Stone Boy (NOB)
The Buddy System (VHS)
Give My Regards To Broad Street (NOB)
Gimme An F (VHS)
Johnny Dangerously (NOB)
1985 Mischief (NOB)
Turk 182 (NOB)
Bad Medicine (VHS)
Almost You (NOB)
Secret Places (VHS)
The Man With One Red Shoe (NOB)
Key Exchange (NOB)
Joshua Then and Now (VHS)
Plenty (NOB)
1986 The Boy in Blue (NOB)
Stripper (VHS)
The Vindicator (VHS)
Death of An Angel (VHS)
Half Moon Street (NOB)
Streets of Gold (VHS)
Less Than Zero (NOB)
1988 Satisfaction (NOB)\
A Night In The Life Of Jimmy Reardon (NOB)
Off Limits (NOB)
Alien Nation (NOB)
1989 When The Whales Came (VHS)
Worth Winning (NOB)
t1g3r5fan Supporting Actor
Mychal Bowden
Enemy Mine was released on Blu by Twilight Time, but has since sold out.
"I don't expect anything from you, except to die and be a very cheap funeral. You're gonna die now!"
Stephen_J_H likes this.
Worth Cinematographer
Nick Dobbs
In addition to Enemy Mine - The Pick-Up Artist, The Boy in Blue, Tough Enough, The Star Chamber, The King of Comedy, The Hot Touch and Eyewitness have all received region "A" releases.
Sealed with a curse as sharp as a knife. Doomed is your soul and damned is your life.
Stephen_J_H and Louis Letizia like this.
Worth said: ↑
BRAD1963 Supporting Actor
Half Moon Street is with MGM now.
MatthewA Lead Actor
I actually know very well Neil Offen, the guy who co-wrote Calling Dr. Horowitz, the book the movie Bad Medicine was based on, and for years his son and daughter were friends of my sisters and I. Years ago, he told me all about the experience and still had the movie poster in his townhouse.
Enough is enough, Disney. No more evasions or excuses. We DEMAND Song of the South on Blu-ray along with the uncut versions of Bedknobs and Broomsticks (139 mins) and Pete's Dragon (134 mins). I won't join Disney+ without them. Boycott The Walt Disney Company until then. And while you're at it, PLEASE stop dropping DVD/laserdisc extras from Blu-ray releases of other films. If this does not change now that Fox is your corporate br'er, then I will boycott TWO studios until that changes.
battlebeast Cinematographer
JOHNNY DANGEROUSLY would be great on Blu if only for Wrird Al's song st the beginning. If only they could get his music video as a bonus feature.
I am currently trying to collect all 540 Best pictures on Blu Ray!
Louis Letizia likes this.
Kyrsten Brad Cinematographer
Merritt Island, Florida
Been hoping for A Night In Heaven (1983) to come to Blu. I worked at NASA KSC so I'm a bit nostalgic for this film.
To see Christopher Atkins', well, uh, assets gloriously remastered in HD? Sign me up! Lesley Ann Warren's film career started at Disney with The Happiest Millionaire and The One and Only Genuine Original Family Band, so the very idea of the mouse owning this particular film by proxy is amusing. This movie is the sort of thing that could have been a Touchstone movie had it come out five years later*.
A lot of those early 1970s movies that never got released, even in the Magnetic Video era that still managed to give studio pariahs Beyond the Valley of the Dolls and Myra Breckinridge releases that quickly went out-of-print, seem to have been the leftovers of the later years of Darryl F. Zanuck's fall from grace. I remember reading somewhere that Michael Crawford** took Hello-Goodbye, his follow-up film to Hello, Dolly!, off his resume. That movies from the 1980s never got released at all, though, is baffling since that is now de riguer for everything, even the most costly flops.
*Of course, Disney themselves had Charles Martin Smith skinny-dipping in an icy river in Never Cry Wolf that same year.
**The same year he played Condorman, fellow Dolly alum (albeit on stage) Pearl Bailey played Big Mama in The Fox and the Hound. Four years earlier, Disney also had hired Dolly movie art director Jack Martin Smith for Pete's Dragon. Based on Disney being one of the main instigators of Hollywood's current remake mania, methinks part of the reason they want Fox is because they want the remake rights to the musicals it brought to the screen.
Message #10 of 14 Jan 20, 2019
Robin9 Producer
MatthewA said: ↑
I remember reading somewhere that Michael Crawford** took Hello-Goodbye, his follow-up film to Hello, Dolly!, off his resume. That movies from the 1980s never got released at all, though, is baffling since that is now de riguer for everything, even the most costly flops.
I can well believe that Michael Crawford wants to forget about being in Hello Goodbye. He's totally miscast, absolutely hopeless and the film is pretty bad. There are only two really good things in the film and they belong to Genevieve Gilles.
Message #11 of 14 Jun 6, 2019
Ethan Riley Producer
I only realized today that Arrow has a very good collector's edition of "Shock Treatment" on blu in the UK. Does anyone in Region 1 have it? And/or know if is it region locked? Says Region 2 on the ad; I'm told Arrow stuff will play in Region 1 anyway, but just checking.
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Shock-Treatment-Blu-ray-Jessica-Harper/dp/B07923NK3N/ref=tmm_blu_title_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=&sr=
Ethan Riley said: ↑
I don't have the disc, but by all accounts, it is region "B" locked.
Dick Lead Actor
BRAD1963 said: ↑
And they can keep it. Dreadful movie, and an utter waste of Sigourney and Caine.
Bob Cashill Producer
Dick said: ↑
I went to a Chicago press screening of this. Roger Ebert groaned aloud at the ending. (I groaned at the whole thing, but he gave it three stars.)


PowerSwitch :: View topic - Grid tied PV subsidies to end ?
Grid tied PV subsidies to end ?
Posted: Tue Jul 31, 2018 2:13 pm Post subject: Grid tied PV subsidies to end ?
News reports suggest that subsidies for new grid tied PV installations are likely to end next May.
Existing installations will not be affected.
Arguments for keeping the subsidy.
Reduced carbon emissions if compared to fuel burning.
Increased energy security, every GWH generated thus is less reliance on imported natural gas.
If EVs become popular, then more grid tied PV will offset the daytime charging of these.
As the climate warms, demand for air conditioning will increase, and PV could offset the extra electricity needed.
Arguments for ending the subsidy.
There are many other calls on public money.
The capital cost of PV is falling and it MAY be viable without subsidy.
There is a limit as to how much PV the grid can absorb, and we don't want to risk exceeding this.
Ending the Feed In Tariff is one thing, but the proposal is to also remove the export tariff - any electricity fed back by grid tied solar panels to the national grid would receive zero payment. Solar PV would then be subsidising the electricity companies.
This would kill off simple grid tied PV installations completely, although it would be a big boost to domestic battery storage systems.
It would make solar PV on new build even less attractive to building companies.
Ending the subsidy is petty but unsurprising given general trends in governance.
Other forms of energy receive humungous subsidies, mustn't let them suffer!
......any electricity fed back by grid tied solar panels to the national grid would receive zero payment. Solar PV would then be subsidising the electricity companies.


text:
Dustin Rhodes on wrestling his hermit Cody during Double or Nothing, how AEW will differ from WWE and being a final outlaw of a Attitude Era
Author WWE Battleground Date May 16, 2019
Dustin Rhodes might be in his 31st year as a veteran wrestler though a 50-year-old is still on tip of his game.
The son of a mythological Dusty Rhodes started his career during 19 with a Championship Wrestling from Florida promotion. From there, Rhodes had 3 stints in World Championship Wrestling (1988-89, 1991-95 and 1999-2001) where he was a two-time United States champion, a two-time tab organisation champion, an NWA tab organisation champion and a six-man tab organisation champion.
Rhodes is best famous for a puzzling Goldust sense that debuted in his second run with WWE nearby a finish of 1995. He had 5 opposite stints in a association (1995-99, 2001-03, 2005-06, 2008-12 and 2013-19) where he was a nine-time Hardcore champion, a three-time Intercontinental champion, a two-time tab organisation champion and a universe tab organisation champion.
Perhaps carrying finished all that he could with a House that Vincent Kennedy McMahon built, Rhodes was postulated his recover in April. Now he's entering a subsequent – and presumably final – section of his career.
Join DAZN and watch some-more than 100 quarrel nights a year
Rhodes will reemerge with a new pro wrestling outfit when he faces his hermit Cody in one of a marquee bouts during All Elite Wrestling's initial event, Double or Nothing, during a MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas (7 p.m. ET, PPV and B/R Live).
In his initial talk given withdrawal WWE, Rhodes talks about wrestling Cody, how unapproachable he is of his brother, his time in WWE and how AEW can change a wrestling business and be opposite from WWE.
(Editor's note: This talk has been edited for length and clarity.)
SPORTING NEWS: You are a large "Game of Thrones" fan. we haven't been means to entirely dedicate and watch all a prior episodes. Give me a best probable reason we should watch.
DUSTIN RHODES: The mom of a dragon. That's all we can tell we (laughs). You have to watch it.
SN: How unfortunate are we that this is a final deteriorate of a show?
DR: I'm flattering sad. we wish there were like 5 some-more seasons. we could watch it constantly, although, as we know, each good thing contingency come to an end.
SN: Next weekend is a large weekend for we as we will be partial of Starrcast where we will be doing dual meet-and-greets – on Thursday, May 23, and Sunday, May 26 – and an book of "Inside a Ropes. The weekend is highlighted by we returning to a ring during Double or Nothing when we face your hermit Cody. What can fans design from we a whole weekend?
DR: If we have not met Dustin Rhodes, it is utterly a provide given we provide a fans with grace and respect. I'm unequivocally grateful that they come to see me and have reputable me for years and years. It is a unequivocally good believe notwithstanding what people might or might not say. we have a fun time with a fans and adore giving behind given that's what it's about and vouchsafing them know that we conclude them for entrance to see me. we always make certain we give time to each particular if we can and leave a happy memory for them. It's not all about being an a-hole or being a heel. The fans are what finished me. It's good to give behind to a fans, and Starrcast is one of those events we can give behind to a fans.
SN: You are utterly arguably some-more renouned currently than we were 20 to 25 years ago. Does it warn we that, after over 30 years in a wrestling business, we still have all that support from a fans given that typically isn't a case?
DR: It doesn't warn me during all. What does warn me is that people are always observant how we am underrated. we don't determine with all that stuff. The fans started with a Dustin Rhodes in WCW and a babyface we was. They grew adult with me by that when we transitioned into a Goldust heel role, and they hated me for a time being. The longer we go in a business, a some-more a fans accept who we are and what you're doing, going out there and giving 110 percent each singular time we go out there to perform them, and you're doing a good pursuit during it. we attempted to do that for a final 31 years. It's not startling during all that we still have a support we do. we provide a fans right. we trust a poignant member is that if we provide a fans right, afterwards they are going to hang around forever.
SN: Why do we consider people have that notice that we are underrated, given not many people have been means to be during a high turn for so long?
DR: we trust it has a lot to with a fact that they (WWE) never pushed Goldust to win a WWE pretension or [get] a universe pretension opportunity. That is not for everybody. That is a tough thing to accomplish in a business. Yes, it's still a dream of mine. The dream has taken a behind chair for now given what I've satisfied about a final 24 years of a Goldust sense is that Goldust didn't need a universe title. Goldust went out and entertained, had a good time with a fans and left a durability impression. Every once in a while, a sense comes along like Goldust and we don't need to put a universe pretension around him. I'm OK with me not winning a universe title. we get given people would contend I'm underrated, though we disagree. Of course, we wish to win a universe pretension and put it on my tip shelf. Anybody who wants to get into a business wants to do it. If we don't wish to be in a attention to turn a universe champion, afterwards we shouldn't be in a business. I'm a good worker. I'm a good storyteller. I'm a good salesman. And we adore to perform and perform for a fans.
I've never prepared for anything as we have for my compare with my hermit during Double or Nothing. we will be ready. All those times people would call me a Benjamin Button of a WWE and wrestling, it's true. we stopped a clock, and it turns back. we go out there and perform during a high level, and they see something they've never seen from a 6-foot-5, 50-year-old male that can still hang with a Young Bucks, Cody and a younger kids and gleam on a fantastic show.
SN: The compare during Double or Nothing with Cody arguably has a many hum of anything on a show. Based on your final answer, do we feel this compare with Cody is emancipation for we and a indicate to infer to those who doubt you?
DR: we have 0 to infer to anybody. If they don't f-ing like me, afterwards f- them. we don't give a s-. we don't caring if they like me or not. we have zero to infer to Cody. we have zero to infer to a world. we have all to infer to myself. I've never mislaid it. we can still go out there during 50 years aged and put on a ruin of a show. If people don't like it, afterwards f- them. I'm going out there to do my pursuit and have some fun while doing it. This is a many essential time in my career. Whatever we do after this is going to be approach down on a totem pole. This is like a Parking Lot Brawl with Roddy Pipper or teaming with my hermit opposite The Shield during Battleground in 2013. This is a impulse on a grand theatre that we get to go out there with my strength and blood and have some fun and tell a story. Because after my promo and Cody's kickass promo, there's zero else to do though to close adult and let's do a best to give a throng what we can and a best product we presumably can.
That promo by Cody stayed in my mind for 3 or 4 days given it was a shoot. There are special moments in your career, and this is one of them. He wants to kill a Attitude Era. It's era vs. generation. we get it. we watched him attain and grow adult in this business. we watched him event and fall. we watched him keep flourishing and growing. He's picked himself adult and turn something special. But he wants to kill some history. we take some difference to that. I've [had] some-more heartbreak than anyone could ever suppose or caring to know, and Cody intends to lift this trigger on what he calls a "dying horse." He improved open his eyes given he's going adult opposite something that's stood a exam of time that continues to arise harder, stronger and improved and demeanour we passed in a eyes and come for you. I'm entrance for my hermit to finish this once and for all, that should have finished a prolonged time ago. This is my one final ride, or is it?
SN: Tell me if I'm reading this wrong, though it seems like we and Chris Jericho are a final outlaws of a Attitude Era and are heading a pack.
DR: we like that. we like a approach that sounds. Jericho is Jericho. He does his thing and is unequivocally good during what he does for so many years. He's a male of 1,000 holds. He does a lot of things and some good work for this business. But so have I. Us dual entrance into AEW and with a immature guns during a helm, it's going to be special and spectacular. We are a final of a outlaws. Cody is Wyatt Earp and I'm Doc Holliday, and I'm quick as ruin with a trigger and removing it done.
SN: Your hermit took a enormous jump when he requested his recover from WWE. A lot of people doubted him when he finished a pierce and suspicion he was creation a mistake, and demeanour during what's happened given then. How unapproachable of we of Cody?
DR: I'm unequivocally unapproachable of my hermit given we was there when he left. He did let me know he was leaving. He did let me know he was going to go out and do some essence acid and try out on his own. we did that, too. Everybody does that. You get out from a nest, and we go out and attain on your own, and we build something. That's what Cody has done. He's finished his code unequivocally nicely. The "American Nightmare" and a son of a "American Dream" Dusty Rhodes. The younger son who is out on his possess and conquering a universe turn a executive clamp boss of AEW. It's something special, and it's something I'm unequivocally unapproachable of. we know Dad is unequivocally unapproachable of him. we know Pops is unequivocally proud.
SN: AEW will be airing on TNT starting someday in a fall. A lot of people are unfortunate with how WWE is presenting a product. In your mind, what can AEW do to change a wrestling landscape to make what many say, "make wrestling fun again"?
DR: If I'm using a company, we wish to see some-more wrestling, fewer commercials and reduction talking. The organisation of kids right now in AEW that have been out there operative a eccentric stage and kicking some donkey and holding some names are unequivocally creative. It's not all about a comparison era anymore. It is about a immature kids, and we have to pass on a believe to them and let them arise and gleam to a occasion. They're doing a good pursuit of that. They move all kinds of things to a table. They move their energy. We have some of a best tab teams with The Young Bucks. This is going to be something special. You have Chris Jericho and Kenny Omega. You have tip dogs.
As prolonged as we give them a small time and have wrestling matches on radio and give them some stories to penetrate their teeth into, we consider a people will follow. When we are in a three-hour conditions like a other association (WWE), a matches don't meant anything, and we concentration on dual things a whole uncover and all is filler. That sucks given everybody feels like they can minister some-more to a business than they're doing, though they're not removing authorised to. It's frustrating to a fans and frustrating for us wrestlers behind a scenes that unresolved out on a reduce finish of a label given we aren't removing that event to gleam and work with a Kenny Omega, a Roman (Reigns) and a Jericho, and that sucks given you're so inspired and we wish to get out there and infer yourself. we consider that's what AEW offers some-more than any other wrestling association in a universe and that's inspired immature lions.
SN: How would we impersonate your scarcely 24-year run in WWE?
DR: Perseverance, buddy, plain and simple. That's it. That's all we can contend about that. It's been incredible.
SN: Where do we consider your career would have left if a Goldust sense didn't come about?
DR: we have no clue. we know we would have finished my career work given it's in my blood, it's in Cody's blood and a family's blood. It's something about a family that people might or might not know. When something so absolute is in a blood, we make things work. We don't quit. We keep going. We keep creation ends meet. We keep creation things occur for ourselves. We keep dreaming. You should follow your dreams and not be calm sitting on a sidelines and not accomplishing anything. It's OK to fail, as prolonged as we collect yourself and keep going to comprehend that dream and follow your path, and 31 years later, we demeanour behind on your career and know that we did some good things, some OK stuff, some things we wasn't unapproachable of and got by those things and rose above it, rose to a occasion, did other good things and here we are. Our family are a Jedis of a wrestling world.
SN: What can fans design from we and Cody during Double or Nothing?
DR: I'm going flog him in his balls. I'm going to slice his conduct off and afterwards lay him down on a pad for a one, two, three. Then, I'm going to collect him adult and give him a large hug.
source ⦿ https://www.sportingnews.com/us/wwe/news/dustin-rhodes-on-wrestling-his-brother-cody-at-double-or-nothing-how-aew-will-differ-from-wwe-and-being-the-last-outlaw-of-the-attitude-era/r8taj95b9ma51pxnyitb5napl
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Daniel Dexter Lyrics Follow
Daniel Edward Aykroyd (born July 1, 1952) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian, musician and filmmaker. He was an original member of the "Not Ready for Prime Time Players" on Saturday Night Live (1975–79). A musical sketch he performed with John Belushi on SNL, The Blues Brothers, turned into an actual performing band and then the 1980 film The Blues Brothers.
He conceived and starred in Ghostbusters (1984), which spawned a sequel and eventually an entire media franchise. In 1990, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his work in the 1989 film Driving Miss Daisy. He starred in his own sitcom, Soul Man (1997–98). Aykroyd is also a businessman, having co-founded the House of Blues chain of music venues and the Crystal Head Vodka brand.
Storm EP
Where Is My Mind Single
Acidkids Single
Shooting Tigers Single
The Change Alone Is the Realness
Stepback
Shooting Tigers
Acidkids
Focus On Daniel Dexter
No House for Old Men
Righteous Sound
Night Away
There Will Be Jazz
Wüstenplanet 4 / Systemlog 2
Falschekonsequenzen
Systemlog


Although the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) is not new, the way it can be integrated and leveraged by businesses is. In a survey by PwC in 2017 on attitudes towards AI, more than 70 percent of CEOs surveyed believe that AI will be the business advantage of the future. However, globally, the progress on AI has been mixed with many organizations at the beginning of their journey.
Businesses want to unlock the potential of AI, but there are many considerations to take into account and understand. In the same survey, 67 percent of CEOs indicated that AI will have a negative impact on stakeholder trust. Businesses need to address and manage this as they embark upon their AI journeys, as failure to do so could prove to be costly to businesses in both, a financial and reputational sense, with potential long-term damage.
Several countries have gone live with predictive AI systems that help police officers assess the risk of suspects re-offending. Although claiming close to 98% accuracy there are concerns that the algorithms could have inherent biases based on race, gender, and appearance resulting from conscious or unconscious biases of the AI implementer, the design process or testing of the AI system.
AI models are often perceived as a "black box" in which decisions are difficult to understand or accept. But in fact, often AI is self-learning from its new "experiences" or inputs. For example, an adaptive fraud detection AI programme will flag out "potential frauds", but not the reason behind it. Hence, it's hard for the AI decisions to be trusted.
AI models are mostly goal-based with a specific objective to achieve – for example to win a chess game - which needs to be programmed. Hence, most AI models are myopic as they are focused on one pre-defined objective without considering its broader context. An AI algorithm does not have a "gut check" and therefore acts according to its defined parameters and objectives. For example, if an autonomous car must choose between injuring its passenger or the pedestrian, it's unclear how (or why) the algorithm chooses one over the other.
'Adversarial attacks', or in essence hacking, are impotent concerns when it comes to machine learning, especially deep learning models. This can be mitigated by simulating adversarial attacks and creative hacking tests on your own models and retraining them to recognise such attacks. In addition, during the design phase, specialist software can be developed to 'immunise' your models against such attacks.
Be aware of the human error by putting in controls to set boundaries or limits to the AI system, for example, setting no access to confidential or sensitive data or no permission to take certain actions. AI can be prevented from being tricked into providing malicious attackers with sensitive corporate information or customer personal data, or carrying out hazardous activities.
Traditional testing methods are too linear and don't take into account that AI systems learn and behave differently over time. So to test an AI system, adopting a different methodology which is more creative (similar to how a security penetration tester would try to hack into a network) is the key.
The whole point of AI is to allow technology to take over certain responsibilities within a well-defined scope to allow humans focus on more strategic areas of work and responsibility. As such, we only know what the AI has performed through activity logs. It is therefore important to have this detailed data available so that real-time analytics can be done to raise alerts in case the intelligent system is suspected of making mistakes. Logs are also critical for investigations when things go wrong.
Just like responsibility cannot be delegated to subordinates, it cannot be pushed to AI. Senior management is ultimately responsible for any activities and tasks performed by AI, and will likely be held accountable should there be any illegal actions performed by AI.
Due to the nature of machine learning, it is necessary to do regular reviews to assess the AI's performance. It is often helpful to have metrics to identify weak spots and areas for improvement. It is also important to have clear processes and procedures for escalation of issues and for rectification action to be taken.
One key reason for replacing humans with machines is that they can work without needing to rest. However, machines are not invincible and are susceptible to breaking down, power outages, corrupted data, and hardware issues. As the saying goes, failure to plan is planning to fail. Businesses must map out emergency scenarios like this so that operations can resume or run as usual as quickly and seamlessly as possible.
With AI becoming increasingly prevalent, mitigating its associated risks and addressing the concerns of stakeholders will help organizations take full advantage of AI's potential. Increasing transparency and awareness around how AI is being used, the jobs it performs, the decisions it makes, and the opportunities it brings is key – we believe this is the essence of responsible and explainable AI.


Structure, presentation and introduction 10% Your report should include a letter of transmittal, executive summary and introduction to the report.
Based on the first and second phase of the ITIL adoption as described in the case study, advise Mr Gurny on future improvements to ITSM at HBZS. For example, should additional ITIL processes be adopted, or should the existing processes be improved?
Mr Gurny is aware that the Service Transition phase causes many operational issues in other firms. From your reading of the case and knowledge from the course, discuss the Service Transition processes in place at HBZS and advise Mr Gurney on the critical transition processes and how these processes are inter-related to other ITIL and HBSZ processes.
One of current challenges is the possibility that HBZS will totally outsource the IT department. The case mentions a few of the ITIL Service Operation processes and the Service Desk function. Mr Gurney has asked for your advice regarding the benefits and limitations of outsourcing only the Service Desk while maintaining the other functions of the internal IT department.
Mr Gurney has mentioned that the IT department moved from a technological point of view to a service point of view. He intends to establish a formalised continual service improvement (CSI) process. Discuss the current service reporting in place, and how it could be extended in the future. What is your advice to Mr Gurney on how he can foster the Business-IT partnership at all levels of the HBZS?
Provide a summary of your findings and make recommendations to the IT Manager.


text:
Q: How to get certain types of files from one server to another in Python? Suppose I have one server called server 1. On this server there's a directory called dir1. dir1 has 3 files in them called neh_iu.dat_1, neh_hj.dat_2, jen_ak.dat_1.
I need to get ONLY the 'neh' files from server 1 to another server called server 2. server 2 is where I will be performing certain modifications on these files.
How do I get ONLY the 'neh' files in Python? I'm new to python. I'm aware of a module called paramiko which allows for file transfers but assuming that there are millions of 'neh' files in dir1, and that I don't know the full names of all of them, how can I get an automated process for it in Python?

A: If you really need to use python instead of bash (assuming you're on unix).
>>> import subprocess
>>> subprocess.call("tar cvzf /path/to/ftp-or-static-http/foo.tgz /path/to/dir/neh*")

This will create a tar file with all the neh*s files. Easy to be transferred between servers (it's only one file instead of millions).
Use FTP, SFTP, HTTP or any transfer protocol supported by your server and perform a request from the other server (curl or ftp).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
<?php
class CommentsController extends AppController {
	var $name = 'Comments';

	function index() {
		$this->Comment->recursive = 0;
		$this->set('comments', $this->paginate());
	}

    /** view
     *
     */
    function view($id = null) {
		if (!$id) {
			$this->Session->setFlash('Invalid Comment');
			$this->redirect(array('action'=>'index'));
		}
		$this->set('comment', $this->Comment->read(null, $id));

	}

    function add() {
		if (!empty($this->data)) {
			$this->Comment->create();
			$this->data['Comment']['user_id'] = $this->Auth->user('id');
			$queue = $this->data['Comment']['queue_id'];
			unset($this->data['Comment']['queue_id']);
			if ($this->Comment->save($this->data)) {
				$this->Session->setFlash('Your Comment has been saved');

				$ticket = $this->Comment->Ticket->findById($this->data['Comment']['ticket_id']);
				$queue = $this->Comment->Ticket->Queue->findById($queue);
				$twitter = array('controller'=>$this->name, 'action'=>'add', 'id'=>$ticket['Ticket']['id'].'#comment-'.$this->Comment->id, 'ticket'=>$ticket['Ticket']['title'], 'queue'=>$queue['Queue']['twitter_username']);
				if(!$this->tweet($twitter)) {
				    $this->Session->setFlash('An error occurred while trying to tweet');
			        $this->log('An add-comment tweet could not be sent', 'twitter');
				}
				$this->redirect($this->referer());
			} else {
				$this->Session->setFlash('Your Comment could not be saved. Please, try again');
			}
		}
		$this->set(compact('tickets', 'users'));
	}
}
?>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Now browse the Tools folder and create a shortcut for the barechahariabhowna.com application as shown below, to any location that is convenient for you. WlmAdmin . Launch barechahariabhowna.com, located either in the Sentinel Utilities installation folder or in the product installation directory under its "License Manager" subdirectory. The utility used for administering licenses on the license management server is the barechahariabhowna.com This utility is primarily used for adding new programs (or.
Hi Team, recently we are upgraded from UFT 02 to UFT and we searched barechahariabhowna.com in LicenseServer folder but unable to find. barechahariabhowna.com problems include high CPU usage, application errors, and possible virus infection. Here are the top five most common. This can be determined from the WlmAdmin administration tool, described later in this EXE to install the new licenses to your license server. Using WlmAdmin to Maintain a Redundant License Server Pool .. Your vendor should have placed the barechahariabhowna.com program in the same directory as.


text:
Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players: A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy?
Paolo Gaetani, Daniele Bongetta, Elisa Dellacristina, Alessandra Montini, Andrea Arrigo, Enrico Alfonsi, Roberto De Icco, Marisa Arpesella, Arrigo Moglia
Fondazione "Istituto Neurologico Casimiro Mondino"
BACKGROUND: Rugby is a contact team sport with a high risk of injury to the cervical spine. Different radiological imaging studies have been proposed for the screening of players most at risk of neurological sequelae. It is not rare, though, that a severe radiological spinal cord compression is accompanied by mild symptoms while a mild compression is often accompanied by severe neurological symptoms, hence the need for more accurate diagnostic tools. METHODS: We performed a neurological evaluation and examined 29 rugby players with electromyography (EMG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies. 28 healthy volunteers were studied as a control group. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was performed on players with abnormal findings at the TMS testing. RESULTS: No neurological anomalies were present in both groups. Significant slower central conduction times were recorded in the TMS studies of the left ulnar nerve, both right and left tibial nerves and, considering the F-wave evaluation, of the right ulnar nerve and the left tibial nerve of the rugby players (P<0.05). Some kind of alteration at TMS testing was present in a total of 16 players on 29 (55.2%). There were no abnormal result in the control group. EMG and MRI studies failed to identify frank signs of myelopathy or radiculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that TMS could be a promising diagnostic tool for the identification of myelopathy and/or radiculopathy that may not be necessarily evident at clinical and radiological evaluations.
Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche
Electromyography
Radiculopathy
Spinal cord diseases
Dive into the research topics of 'Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players: A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy?'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Football Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Medicine & Life Sciences 96%
Tibial Nerve Medicine & Life Sciences 43%
Ulnar Nerve Medicine & Life Sciences 41%
Radiculopathy Medicine & Life Sciences 41%
Spinal Cord Diseases Medicine & Life Sciences 38%
Electromyography Medicine & Life Sciences 34%
Gaetani, P., Bongetta, D., Dellacristina, E., Montini, A., Arrigo, A., Alfonsi, E., De Icco, R., Arpesella, M., & Moglia, A. (2016). Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players: A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy? Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, 175(6), 262-269.
Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players : A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy? / Gaetani, Paolo; Bongetta, Daniele; Dellacristina, Elisa et al.
In: Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, Vol. 175, No. 6, 01.06.2016, p. 262-269.
Gaetani, P, Bongetta, D, Dellacristina, E, Montini, A, Arrigo, A, Alfonsi, E, De Icco, R, Arpesella, M & Moglia, A 2016, 'Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players: A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy?', Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, vol. 175, no. 6, pp. 262-269.
Gaetani P, Bongetta D, Dellacristina E, Montini A, Arrigo A, Alfonsi E et al. Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players: A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy? Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche. 2016 Jun 1;175(6):262-269.
Gaetani, Paolo ; Bongetta, Daniele ; Dellacristina, Elisa et al. / Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players : A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy?. In: Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche. 2016 ; Vol. 175, No. 6. pp. 262-269.
@article{3f750c174c66474fac87ac1b09d76d4b,
title = "Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players: A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy?",
abstract = "BACKGROUND: Rugby is a contact team sport with a high risk of injury to the cervical spine. Different radiological imaging studies have been proposed for the screening of players most at risk of neurological sequelae. It is not rare, though, that a severe radiological spinal cord compression is accompanied by mild symptoms while a mild compression is often accompanied by severe neurological symptoms, hence the need for more accurate diagnostic tools. METHODS: We performed a neurological evaluation and examined 29 rugby players with electromyography (EMG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies. 28 healthy volunteers were studied as a control group. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was performed on players with abnormal findings at the TMS testing. RESULTS: No neurological anomalies were present in both groups. Significant slower central conduction times were recorded in the TMS studies of the left ulnar nerve, both right and left tibial nerves and, considering the F-wave evaluation, of the right ulnar nerve and the left tibial nerve of the rugby players (P<0.05). Some kind of alteration at TMS testing was present in a total of 16 players on 29 (55.2%). There were no abnormal result in the control group. EMG and MRI studies failed to identify frank signs of myelopathy or radiculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that TMS could be a promising diagnostic tool for the identification of myelopathy and/or radiculopathy that may not be necessarily evident at clinical and radiological evaluations.",
keywords = "Electromyography, Football, Radiculopathy, Spinal cord diseases, Transcranial magnetic stimulation",
author = "Paolo Gaetani and Daniele Bongetta and Elisa Dellacristina and Alessandra Montini and Andrea Arrigo and Enrico Alfonsi and {De Icco}, Roberto and Marisa Arpesella and Arrigo Moglia",
journal = "Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche",
T1 - Abnormalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation in rugby players
T2 - A possible diagnostic tool for the identification of players at risk for symptomatic cervical myeloradiculopathy?
AU - Gaetani, Paolo
AU - Bongetta, Daniele
AU - Dellacristina, Elisa
AU - Montini, Alessandra
AU - Arrigo, Andrea
AU - Alfonsi, Enrico
AU - De Icco, Roberto
AU - Arpesella, Marisa
AU - Moglia, Arrigo
N2 - BACKGROUND: Rugby is a contact team sport with a high risk of injury to the cervical spine. Different radiological imaging studies have been proposed for the screening of players most at risk of neurological sequelae. It is not rare, though, that a severe radiological spinal cord compression is accompanied by mild symptoms while a mild compression is often accompanied by severe neurological symptoms, hence the need for more accurate diagnostic tools. METHODS: We performed a neurological evaluation and examined 29 rugby players with electromyography (EMG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies. 28 healthy volunteers were studied as a control group. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was performed on players with abnormal findings at the TMS testing. RESULTS: No neurological anomalies were present in both groups. Significant slower central conduction times were recorded in the TMS studies of the left ulnar nerve, both right and left tibial nerves and, considering the F-wave evaluation, of the right ulnar nerve and the left tibial nerve of the rugby players (P<0.05). Some kind of alteration at TMS testing was present in a total of 16 players on 29 (55.2%). There were no abnormal result in the control group. EMG and MRI studies failed to identify frank signs of myelopathy or radiculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that TMS could be a promising diagnostic tool for the identification of myelopathy and/or radiculopathy that may not be necessarily evident at clinical and radiological evaluations.
AB - BACKGROUND: Rugby is a contact team sport with a high risk of injury to the cervical spine. Different radiological imaging studies have been proposed for the screening of players most at risk of neurological sequelae. It is not rare, though, that a severe radiological spinal cord compression is accompanied by mild symptoms while a mild compression is often accompanied by severe neurological symptoms, hence the need for more accurate diagnostic tools. METHODS: We performed a neurological evaluation and examined 29 rugby players with electromyography (EMG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies. 28 healthy volunteers were studied as a control group. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was performed on players with abnormal findings at the TMS testing. RESULTS: No neurological anomalies were present in both groups. Significant slower central conduction times were recorded in the TMS studies of the left ulnar nerve, both right and left tibial nerves and, considering the F-wave evaluation, of the right ulnar nerve and the left tibial nerve of the rugby players (P<0.05). Some kind of alteration at TMS testing was present in a total of 16 players on 29 (55.2%). There were no abnormal result in the control group. EMG and MRI studies failed to identify frank signs of myelopathy or radiculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that TMS could be a promising diagnostic tool for the identification of myelopathy and/or radiculopathy that may not be necessarily evident at clinical and radiological evaluations.
KW - Electromyography
KW - Radiculopathy
KW - Spinal cord diseases
KW - Transcranial magnetic stimulation
JO - Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche
JF - Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche


MATSUYAMA, EHIME PREF. - Shikoku Electric Power Co. on Tuesday ended operation of a nearly 40-year old nuclear reactor in western Japan, making it the sixth unit to be scrapped under stricter safety regulations introduced after the 2011 Fukushima disaster started.
The utility decided in March to decommission the idled reactor 1 at its Ikata nuclear complex in Ehime Prefecture, as it would be too costly to reboot the aging reactor.
The company estimates more than ¥170 billion ($1.59 billion) would be needed to beef up safety measures for restarting the reactor, which started operation in 1977.
It is expected to take about 30 years to complete the decommissioning of the reactor at a total cost of ¥40 billion, according to Shikoku Electric.
The company is banking on technology cooperation that it agreed on with three other regional utilities last month to cut decommissioning costs.
The tougher safety rules prohibit the operation of nuclear reactors beyond 40 years in principle. But operation for an additional 20 years is possible if operators make safety upgrades and pass the regulator's screening.
The government is looking to reactivate more reactors to meet a goal of generating at least 20 percent of Japan's overall electricity with nuclear power generation by 2030.
The shutdown of the Ikata reactor 1 reduced the number of commercial reactors in Japan to 42, of which four have been restarted under the post-Fukushima safety rules. But two of the four were shut down earlier this year following a court decision banning them from resuming operations.
With new reactor construction difficult amid public concern over the safety of nuclear power, the country would need a dozen of the aging reactors to operate beyond the 40-year limit to accomplish the government goal, industry observers say.
Shikoku Electric has said it would not make economic sense to restart the unit 1 given the cost and the fact that it has a relatively small output capacity of 566,000 kw, while the company aims to reboot the larger and newer reactor 3 at the same power plant.
The town of Ikata expects the scrapping of the aging reactor to reduce state subsidies that it receives for hosting the nuclear complex by ¥300 million to ¥400 million to around ¥1 billion.


text:
This test environment describes the story around
 [Surrealism Manifesto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealist_Manifesto)
 in a surreal humour form.


The Icebreaker Compass Men's Short Sleeve Plaid Shirt is designed to combine casual comfort with useful features. The shirt is created with carefully designed offset seams that won't chafe or rub against your skin when wearing a pack. Made of soft, comfortable Icebreaker Cool-Lite fabric, the button-up shirt also features a zippered pocket for secure storage for your belongings while you're out on your next outdoor adventure.


Our client owned a relatively modest large detached house with a fabulous external feature - a wonderful and un-interupted view of the river Suir. The fully glazed room extends towards the south-east and the water, angled to catch the view and the afternoon sun. The galvanised steel frame speeded up construction and reduced support to a minimum.


Late August saw the opening of the Methven Heritage Centre which has been the brain child of Graham Robertson a local prominent cropping farmer.
The Heritage Centre is a complex with small cinema, hall, and exhibition rooms with interactive displays showing the features of Methven, namely agriculture and tourism.
WaterForce sponsored the supply and set up of a Valley Centre Pivot end tower and small overhang. The exhibition graphics team have done a superb job of giving the centre pivot a true effect.
The centre was opened by The Honourable Kate Wilkenson – Minister of Conservation, Photographed with Graham beside the pivot.


Your contract of employment is one of the most important documents you will ever sign. A properly-drafted contract will protect your rights at work and clearly set out the obligations for both you and your employer.
It is important that when you start a new job you fully understand what you are being asked to sign. Your contract should include information about pay, holidays, sick pay, bonuses, commissions, pensions, share options, disciplinary and grievance procedures, what happens if you leave and any restrictive covenants, or non-compete clauses.
When you start a new job you do not accrue the right not to be unfairly dismissed until you have worked for two years. As such, it is even more important in those early years that you are protected, so far as possible, by your contract.
Restrictive covenants often exist to prevent you from competing against your employer should you leave their business. Breaking a valid restrictive covenant can have serious consequences, so always ensure you know what you are signing and what effect they will have after the termination of your employment.
If you or your employer wants to change something in your contract, you both have to agree. There are some exceptions if, for example, your contract includes a flexibility clause allowing changes to certain conditions, or a mobility clause allowing changes to your usual place of work.
If you need advice on any aspect of an employment contract, contact Else Solicitors for a thorough, cost-effective and personal service.
We are happy to review your existing contract and we can also advise you of your rights if you do have a restrictive covenant, or non-compete clause, in place. To be enforceable these covenants and clauses must be properly-drafted and reasonable; many are not.
If you face a specific problem or dispute, our advice will be prompt and practical, outlining your options in simple terms.


The activity of cancer drugs changes depending on the types of microbes living in the gut, according to a UCL-led study into how nematode worms and their microbes process drugs and nutrients.
The discovery highlights the potential benefit of manipulating gut bacteria and diet to improve cancer treatment and the value of understanding why the effectiveness of drugs varies between individuals.
The study, published today in Cell and funded by Wellcome, the Royal Society and Medical Research Council, reports a new high-throughput screening method that unravels the complex relationship between a host organism, their gut microbes and drug action.
"The efficacy of colorectal cancer treatments varies greatly between patients. We wanted to know if this could be caused by microbes changing how the body processes the drugs. We've developed a rigorous system that could be used for pre-clinical screening of drug interactions in the context of host and microbe, or for designing bacteria for drug-delivery which could revolutionise treatments," explained study lead, Dr Filipe Cabreiro (UCL Biosciences).
"We forget that there are many organisms living in our bodies that interact with the food and drugs we ingest. Until now, probing the relationship between host, microbe and drug has proved difficult. Often microbes are studied in isolation, which isn't realistic, but using our in vivo method, we've had some striking insights into how drug activity can be bolstered or suppressed by gut microbes," said Dr Timothy Scott, first author (UCL Biosciences).
The team, involving researchers from UCL, the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL, Germany), University of Helsinki and Birkbeck, University of London, developed a new three-way screen based on C. elegans. This worm is commonly used as a simple model for human metabolism due to its evolutionary similarity to humans and its comparable relationship with microbes.
They screened 55,000 conditions in C. elegans by varying bacterial genes as well as drug types and doses. The team then used computational analysis to map in great detail how the bacteria's genetics, dietary sources and chemical compounds affected the effectiveness of fluoropyrimidines, a common type of colorectal cancer drug.
Fluoropyrimidines act by stopping DNA being produced, which prevents cells from dividing in an uncontrolled fashion, a typical feature of cancer cells. They are commonly given in a pro-drug form, meaning that it needs to be broken down by the liver to become an active drug. Although fluoropyrimidines are a common cancer treatment, there is no universally accepted dose and genetics alone do not explain differences in patient responses to the drug.
The extensive screening in this study highlighted two distinct ways that bacteria change drug activity in worms. Firstly, some bacterial strains help to process the pro-drug into an active drug form, enhancing drug activity, and secondly, the bacteria influence the metabolic environment of the cell making it more prone to drug-induced cell death.
The team also found that co-therapies for cancer may limit treatment success if the host-microbe-drug interactions are not taken into account. For example, they found the anti-diabetic drug metformin reduces the efficacy of fluoropyrimidines in C. elegans by inhibiting the positive actions of bacteria.
"We've highlighted a critical missing component in our understanding of how drugs really work to treat disease. We plan on investigating this area further, as identifying which microbes are responsible for drug activity in humans, and their regulation by dietary supplements, could have a dramatic impact on cancer treatment outcome," Dr Cabreiro concluded.