text:
Q: Join or group table to remove repetitions in one column only I'm trying to sort out this puzzle for more than few hours now, the table is as below:
table:
n1  n2  r
---------
A   D   G
B   D   G
C   D   G
A   E   G
B   E   G
C   E   G
A   F   G
B   F   G
C   F   G

And results expected:
result:
n1  n2  r
---------
A   D   G
B   E   G
C   F   G

I was trying grouping, joining, but no lack. Here is the code, but it gives me completely different results:
select * from table t1
    join table t2
    on t2.r = t1.r
    and t1.n1 > t2.n1

In general n1 and n2 should be grouped by r and repetitions in n2 should be removed.

A: DEMO on Rextester
The following uses user variables to simulate a row number analytic to assign a row number to each unique value in columns n1 and n2.  This value in addition to R is used to join the two sets Der_N1 and Der_N2 so that we can generate a result set paring each value in N1 to each value in N2 ensuring each value is used only once for each value of R.
SELECT N1, N2, Der_N1.R
FROM (SELECT Distinct N1, R, @N1RN:=@N1RN+1 RN
      FROM (SELECT distinct N1, R
            FROM SO48873185) X
            CROSS JOIN (SELECT @N1RN:=0) Z) Der_N1
INNER JOIN (SELECT Distinct N2, R, @N2RN:=@N2RN+1 RN
            FROM (SELECT distinct N2, R
                   FROM SO48873185) X
                   CROSS JOIN (SELECT @N2RN:=0) Z) Der_N2
 on Der_N1.RN = Der_N2.RN
and Der_N1.R = Der_N2.R

Resulting in:
+----+----+----+---+
|    | N1 | N2 | R |
+----+----+----+---+
|  1 | A  | D  | G |
|  2 | B  | E  | G |
|  3 | C  | F  | G |
+----+----+----+---+

Assumption being the lowest value N1 (x) should be paired with the lowest value N2 (y) and the next lowest x(x+1) should be paired with the next lowest N2(y+1) in ascending order and so on..
By including R on the join; I believe we handle each set and no grouping is needed.

A: I'm not too familiar with them; and not sure which version MySQL actually introduced them, but I believe you'll need a recursive "CTE" (common table expression). Something like:
WITH RECURSIVE cte (n1, n2, r) AS
(
  SELECT n1, n2, r FROM theTable ORDER BY n1, n2 ASC LIMIT 1
  UNION ALL
  SELECT n1, n2, r
  FROM theTable AS t
  WHERE NOT EXISTS (
       SELECT 1
       FROM cte AS c
       WHERE c.n1 IN (t.n1, t.n2) OR c.n2 IN (t.n1, t.n2)
       )
  ORDER BY n1, n2 ASC
  LIMIT 1
)
SELECT * FROM cte;

You might need to mess with the LIMIT on that second part; if it works without modification I'd actually be a a little surprised.


text:
Titanic : On this Day... 5 April
Home » Titanic On this day
Any Year 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2018 Any Month January February March April May June July August September October November December Any Day 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 31st
The following 5 people were born
DOOLY, Mr Patrick — 5th April 1875
GUSTAFSSON, Mr Anders Vilhelm — 5th April 1875
FAIRHURST, Mr Wilfrid George — 5th April 1885
MCCARTHY, Rev Daniel W. — 5th April 1868
SLAYTER, Miss Hilda Mary — 5th April 1882
The following 3 people died
CALDERHEAD, Mr Edward Pennington — 5th April 1961
BEAUCHAMP, Mr George William — 5th April 1965
JOHANSSON, Mr Oscar Wilhelm — 5th April 1967
The following 7 items were published
(1912) ANDERS ANDERSSON, ANNA NYSTEN AND ERNST DANBOM WITH FAMILY AND FRIENDS, 5 APRIL 1912 — 5th April 1912
(1912) GOOD FRIDAY: TITANIC IS 'DRESSED' OVERALL — 5th April 1912
(1912) LETTER WRITTEN BY MISS BRIDGET DELIA HENERY TO MRS. M. S. CURLEY, HER AUNT IN USA — 5th April 1912
New York Times (1912) BELIEVE MRS. GAGE HAS SOCIAL DELUSION — 5th April 1912
The Evening Sun (Baltimore) (1967) ADA PERRINE (BALLS) IN LATER YEARS — 5th April 1967
Cincinnati Enquirer (1975) TITANIC SURVIVOR, NATIVE, DEAD AT 98 — 5th April 1975
Titanica! (2004) THE LEFEBVRE FAMILY — 5th April 2004

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Lauritz Berg Hartz, né le  à Frederiksberg, et mort le  à Nykøbing Sjælland, est un artiste-peintre danois, considéré comme l'un des meilleurs coloristes du pays.

Biographie
Lauritz Berg Hartz naît le  à Frederiksberg. Il est initié à l'art à l'âge de 19 ans par le peintre expressionniste allemand Fritz Urschbach qui suscite son intérêt pour le naturalisme. Il étudie à l'Académie royale des beaux-arts du Danemark à Copenhague de 1925 à 1928, avec Sigurd Wandel et Aksel Jørgensen où il acquiert rapidement une réputation d'artiste de talent.

Il est un membre du groupe Corner Salon. Il est l'un des principaux partisans de la peinture figurative traditionnelle au Danemark, un pays bénéficiant d'un grand nombre de tendances artistiques innovantes.

Souffrant de schizophrénie, sa santé se détériore à partir de 1935 environ, ce qui l'oblige à être hospitalisé de plus en plus souvent. Pourtant, même après son hospitalisation permanente à Nykøbing Sjælland en 1942, il continue à peindre, participant aux expositions du groupe Corner dont il est un membre fondateur. Bon nombre de ses œuvres représentent des scènes d'Odsherred dans le nord-ouest de Seeland. Il est considéré comme un membre du groupe d'artistes connus sous le nom de Odsherred Painters, d'autant plus qu'il les rejoints pour former Corner.

Les portraits, paysages et natures mortes antérieurs de Hartz sont caractérisés par d'épaisses couches de peinture. Avec le temps, la forme humaine disparaît à mesure que son style devient plus vague. Les couleurs autrefois vives sont de plus en plus diluées. En fin de compte, il est revient aux dessins et à l'aquarelle.

Lauritz Hartz meurt le  à Nykøbing Sjælland.

Le musée d'art de Holstebro au nord-ouest du Jutland possède la plus grande collection d'œuvres de Lauritz Hartz avec plus de 3 000 dessins et peintures.

Récompenses
Hartz reçoit la médaille Eckersberg en 1940 et la médaille Thorvaldsen en 1967.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

Liens externes

 Examples of Lauritz Hartz work from Statens Museum for Kunst

Naissance en décembre 1903
Naissance à Frederiksberg
Décès en septembre 1987
Décès au Danemark
Peintre danois
Décès à 83 ans

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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doll clothes - I certainly don't have that ability and even though my grand babies like the edible goodies I send, I'd bet they'd like doll clothes better since they just got american girl dolls for christmas courtesy of US though they were told Santa did it! of course gift cards for AG accessories were much appreciated by them.
facebook folks can be quite cruel so don't let them get to you with their ugliness..
i have made something similar but they were not called Skillet Cookies.
These were balls. She made the balls in the skillet while the dough was hot.
Re: These were balls. She made the balls in the skillet while the dough was hot.
Buy some jump drives and get all of it on jump drives.
That sounds like a good idea, Pat. Better safe than sorry!
That is what I learned too. Guess we are old fashion now, or just OLD?
I don't think kindness ever gets old, does it?


text:
Great Potential: A Conversation with Dan Wharton, Former Director of the Central Park Zoo and Senior
While volunteering at the Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle, Dan Wharton became aware of the visions and ideals of the zoo of the future. He would soon go to the New York Zoological Society's Bronx Zoo and would stay there when the society transitioned to the Wildlife Conservation Society. Wharton spent 13 years as Director of the Central Park Zoo and finished his career as Senior Vice President of Conservation Science at the Brookfield Zoo. Here is his story.
@ Dan Wharton
Dan Wharton's desire to work with animals started when he decided to be a farmer at age four. "When I was five, my family moved to California and not long after, I saw San Diego Zoo's Zoorama," he remembered. "I was mesmerized watching a curator holding a young wallaby. I knew at that moment I wanted someday to work in a zoo, too. My parents were very supportive of my interest in animals, allowing me to have dogs, cats, rabbits and large collections of ducks, chickens, geese and other birds. Eventually we moved to a small farm in Idaho where I could work with some of the larger domestic animals as well." After high school, Wharton got a degree in psychology from the College of Idaho, spent two years as a Peace Corps volunteer in agriculture in Ecuador and came back to complete a Masters in International Administration in Vermont.
Julie Larsen Maher @ WCS
"The Master's program I entered allowed students to concentrate on virtually any international endeavor so I specialized in two areas, international conservation organizations and the emerging role of zoos in wildlife conservation," he continued. "In this program, I was able to serve as an assistant to several environmental NGOs at the new United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) in Nairobi, Kenya. After I returned from Africa, I finished my master's work by writing several zoo-related papers on captive breeding while volunteering at Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle. While volunteering, I was asked to organize random boxes of books and journals into a library - and also to see if I could figure out what to do with these 'damn (i.e. ISIS –now Species360) forms' that were stacked up in a closet. I never before enjoyed anything so much in my life. By the time the library and ISIS were functioning, I had read most of the zoo classics and was familiar with the newsletters of most American zoos. And I was familiar with the status and history every animal in the Woodland Park Zoo collection."
@ Woodland Park Zoo
At that time in 1974, Woodland Park Zoo was just starting a revolutionary master plan that would showcase animals in an ecological context and immersion of guests into similar landscapes. "It was really exciting being at Woodland Park Zoo," Wharton reflected. "Working at a zoo that is rethinking itself is as good of a start to a zoo career as one can get."
Next, Wharton received a Fulbright Scholarship to study zoos and zoology in Germany. "The world class zoos outside of the English-speaking world were in Germany at that time," he recalled. "My internship site was the Allwetterzoo (the all-weather zoo) in Munster, Westphalia, a brand new zoo that had been completely rebuilt only a few years earlier. It was a great opportunity to become involved with another collection and meet zoo colleagues in Europe. Like most Fulbright Scholars, I was also a student at a university and was able to do some research in genetic management modeling at the Zoologisches Institut, Westfalischer Wilhems Universitat." Some of the ideas he worked on at the Zoologisches Institut would later be the basis for his doctoral work. Wharton received his Ph.D. from Fordham University in 1990.
@ WCS
After returning to Woodland Park Zoo in 1977, Wharton spent a year assisting the then-Curator of Education, Helen Freeman while continuing to watch the zoo's masterplan unfold under director David Hancocks. In 1978, Wharton was selected as a curatorial trainee in the Mammal Department at the Bronx Zoo under renowned General Curator James Doherty. "Jim was an amazing mentor," Wharton recalled. "Jim's genius was not just in mammal biology but also in his remarkable ability to visualize how the details of animal husbandry can work best in exhibit design. All of the Bronx Zoo curators and director William Conway were exceptional. Curators and animal mangers at that time included Don Bruning, John Behler, Christine Sheppard, Pete Brazaitis, Fred Sterling, Gus Walz, Pat Thomas and others. They could give you an opinion about anything you were pondering which I felt put me in that enviable position of being one student with ten teachers."
By the early 1980s, animal care practices at the Bronx Zoo were steadily evolving. "Jim and I began discussing aspects of animal care that didn't really fall within taxonomic categories," Wharton recalled. "That are things that go into the animal management process that are common to all three departments (mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians) and we wanted to sharpen our handle on these areas. We agreed to create a department called Animal Management Services, where we could put the library, animal records, keeper training and animal research into one coordinated effort, i.e. informing the animal management process with both in-house records and research - and with external resources that pertained to the issues at hand. It really worked to put that all together. We had a great team of young zoo professionals including Nilda Ferrer and Steven Johnson in Animal Records and Library/Archives. Scientists Michael Hutchins and George Amato were tackling several of the research questions. One of the projects with lasting impact was the 'subspecies dilemma' and the role of molecular genetics in addressing it."
Particularly exciting to Wharton was being at the Bronx Zoo when William Conway became Chairman of Species Survival Plan Committee (SSPs) and Dr. Conway invited Wharton to serve as a committee member. "Zoos had been aware for quite some time that several species that had gone extinct in the wild were still doing fairly well in zoos. SSPs were a way to make this phenomenon more a matter of science and planning instead of lucky coincidence," he explained. "We were already witnessing the beginning of a population crash of Siberian tigers in zoos, among the most charismatic species in our collections. But without a breeding plan, every zoo bred them when they were rare, and every zoo stopped breeding them when the offspring could no longer be placed in other responsible zoos."
"As everyone now knows, boom and bust would eventually lead to disappearance from collections," Wharton remarked. As an SSP Committee member, Wharton often represented the Bronx Zoo at species planning meetings across the country. Through his Animal Management Services Department, he worked with ISIS (now Species360) in the funding of what became the ARKS system of computerized animal records that could easily be sent to the large database in Minnesota. Wharton would go on and to chair the SSPs for snow leopards and gorillas for many years, initiating the North American Regional Studbooks for both. Like all the SSP chairpersons, he did this as a professional "volunteer." Volunteers were an excellent place to begin but it was not a perfect system.
"Even in the 1980s, Bill Conway and I were discussing the fact that SSP management would eventually need to be professionalized," Wharton continued. "The science we were trying to implement had to respond to the curatorial realties of space and animal exhibition, always a delicate balancing act. We envisioned fulltime coordinators who would manage multiple species as their first priority both in daily activity and in their continuing training in population science and management strategy. SSPs are very unique in the world of conservation since they have the potential to be especially powerful in rescuing and sustaining some very critically endangered species - and do it with cultural institution dollars." The issue regarding SSP coordination is still relevant today.
In 1994, Dan Wharton moved from his curatorial position at the Bronx Zoo to succeed Richard Lattis (who had become WCS's Senior VP, Living Institutions) as Director of the Central Park Zoo. Only recently rebuilt, CPZ was the first of three "City Zoos" to become a part of the Wildlife Conservation Society.
At just six acres, the Central Park Zoo was tiny compared to the Bronx Zoo's 265-acre campus. "There were three phases of Central Park Zoo history," Wharton recounted. "The first was the menagerie that spontaneously began in the 1860s, never having been a part of the famous Frederick Law Olmstead plan when New York's Central Park was constructed. Despite its unorganized beginning, the old Central Park Menagerie was very popular and continued to grow in a sort of jerry-rigged fashion well before the construction of the Bronx Zoo in the late 1890s."
"Then, Robert Moses, 'master builder of NYC,' came along many decades later and decided that Central Park needed a modern zoo," Wharton continued. "The design, funding and building of the old Central Park Zoo all took place in 1934. That was the same zoo, managed by the New York City Parks Department that by the 1960s had fallen into such disrepair that it was blasted by the media as 'the worst zoo in America.' For too long, there had been a major disconnect between the Parks Department and the rapidly changing needs and standards of the modern zoo. Thanks to New York's philanthropists and City government, the argument was made that the management of the 'worst zoo' should be turned over to the Bronx Zoo/New York Zoological Society, one of the best zoos in the country – and a contract was signed in 1980." By 1988, the new Central Park Zoo, officially named the Central Park Wildlife Center, was opened to the public to great acclaim.
However, rebuilding the zoo meant significantly scaling back the zoo's animal collection. "You might say that WCS started at the other end of the telescope," Wharton elaborated. "The idea was to have an interesting animal collection that didn't require some of the 'big five" that you often expect to see in the quintessential zoo. Polar bears, very popular in the old Central Park Zoo, were the one very large animal that remained, now housed in a beautiful naturalistic exhibit with a large pool and rocky structures to climb on. After that, the largest animals were sea lions and Japanese macaques and everything else was relatively small."
The most famous resident of the Central Park Zoo in the modern era was Gus the polar bear. "Gus was a very interesting part of Central Park Zoo for more than 20 years and came to represent one of the most positive stories ever about behavioral enrichment," Wharton remembered. In the early 1990s, an aggressive behavioral enrichment program was used to address Gus's stereotypic swimming. "We hired animal behavioral consultants to make sure we weren't missing any opportunities," Wharton explained. "That resulted in stepping up enrichment and eventually adding interesting features like an endless pool mechanism to make the pool function like a river and ice machines that automatically dropped "snowbanks" into the exhibit, great for hiding enrichment treats. We pulled out all the stops with toy rotation, treats frozen in ice, everything possible and indeed there and there was a measurable difference in Gus's behavior. We often said Gus was afraid he would miss something fun if he spent too much time in repetitive swimming."
"At one point, we heard that there was to be some investigative reporting about Gus's swimming behavior," Wharton continued. "However, we invited all journalists who wanted to write about it to come meet with us so we would have an opportunity to describe the problem in great detail and show them what we were doing about it with behavioral enrichment. Long story short, the headline was that Gus was 'in therapy' with an 'animal psychiatrist.' We never used terms anything like that but New Yorkers were thrilled and Gus became a big time celebrity for years. People Magazine named Gus as one of the Top 25 'people' of 1996."
"The Central Park Zoo presents a unique zoo experience in six acres," Wharton reflected. "The perpetual challenge was to make the most of the space we had. Also, to a certain extent, there was still some marketing and awareness-building when I arrived in 1994. The zoo had been closed from 1981 to 1988 during renovation so, oddly enough, there was a significant perception the zoo was still closed. When I first arrived, the attendance figure was 600,000 guests despite it being in the middle of Manhattan. One interesting bonus to all the publicity about our behavioral enrichment program was that several years later, the movie company Dreamworks decided to use our detailed attention to animal well-being as a metaphor for how precious New Yorkers are about their city. The result was the movie Madagascar in which Central Park Zoo animals love their home and are horrified at being sent back to 'nature.' To this day, millions of children have the DVD of this movie – and many want to see Central Park Zoo. This plus other improvements and human-interest stories have had a noticeable impact on Central Park Zoo attendance (now often receiving one million visitors)."
What this small zoo lacked in space it strived to make up in quality experience. "There was a question of making these six acres work in an optimal fashion," Wharton explained. "One of our objectives was to present the zoo in as always 'sparkling,' which required really on-the-ball maintenance and an amazing horticulture staff. What was a minor issue in the Bronx Zoo's 265 acres would easily stick out like a sore thumb at Central Park Zoo."
"When something was out of repair, we had to be strategic about fixing it without having a major disruption to the guest experience. Sometimes this meant work before the zoo opened or after it closed. It was a constant juggling act, but I have to say that extraordinary staff found this to be a worthwhile challenge and they really made it work. We had great people working in all areas of the zoo including Bob Gavlik, Nancy Timm, Todd Comstock, Pete Brazaitis, Don Moore, Jeff Sailer, Annarie Lyles, Yula Kapetenakos, Dave Autry, Poet-in-residence Sandra Alcosser, Bruce Foster, Tony Brownie, Alison Power, Leslie Lannon, Luz Diaz, Tom Lennox, and educators Laura Maloney and Ayo Moon."
Despite size and contrast to other more traditional zoos, the Central Park Zoo had a loyal following. "One of the gratifying things about working at the Central Park Zoo was that New Yorkers absolutely loved the zoo," Wharton noted. "They were super loyal to it and everyone was very much on board with the modern renovation (Kevin Roche/John Dinkeloo). I can't remember a single complaint about the composition of the collection, something I fully expected. Visitors really understood the animals, the conservation messaging and its juxtaposition to one of the biggest cities in America. Central Park Zoo is often called the jewel of Manhattan."
Interpretation of the exhibits was also critical. "We included wildlife conservation messages everywhere," Wharton added. I felt we had the opportunity to be creative with interpretive signage as our small space lent itself to having all guests experience special presentations with some reliability. We emphasized the Education Department's 'Zoo Theater,' where we had aspiring New York theater actors and actresses do conservation-themed scenarios as part of our interpretation of species diversity, animal behavior and conservation. Costumes and puppets helped to make a point. We even had some outreach with Zoo Theater, where the whole theater troupe was asked to perform in various schools and other venues."
One of Wharton's biggest initiatives at the Central Park Zoo in conservation interpretation was the project launched as the "Language of Conservation." "In this case, we had two things in mind," he elaborated. "We recognized, as do most zoo professionals, that text-heavy graphics tend to cause people to glance over them and not read them. And for good reason. When you're in a zoo viewing the spectacular beauty of animals, you're having more of an emotional reaction to the animals and not so much an academic one. So, secondly, we thought about how to match our graphics with the visitor sense of excitement and we decided it was worth experimenting with the words of the most brilliant poets from around the world, from all historical periods."
"The poetry itself represented humanity's interest in, and love of, wildlife – and the human responsibility to protect wildlife in the modern world," Wharton noted. "Central Park Zoo collaborated with New York City's Poet's House on the original proposal to IMLS and not only received the funding requested, but the proposal itself was declared one of the best ever received by IMLS. By collaborating with a poet-in-residence and John Fraser from WCS graphics department, we were able to merge an elegant professional public arts presentation of poetry that matched the genuine sentiments of biologists and conservationists."
The Language of Conservation project was powerful and very effective. "Our follow-up studies were remarkable as we found the retention of concepts was exceptional and greatly added to the aesthetic experience of going to the zoo," Wharton remarked. "As an example of the communication power of poetry, there is one line from one poem by W. H. Auden that, to me, sums up the reason for the entire conservation movement: A culture is no better than its wood. Later, the Language of Conservation concept was replicated in various ways at the Bronx Zoo and five other zoos around the country, again funded by IMLS."
While plans for a state-of-the-art snow leopard habitat began when Wharton was director (it opened in 2009 after his departure), the largest addition to the Central Park Zoo during his tenure was the Tisch Children's Zoo. "The original Lehman's Children's Zoo, dating to the 1960s, remained open during the 1980s renovation of the main zoo," Wharton explained. "As soon as the main zoo opened in 1988, plans for a new children's zoo experience began. Oddly enough, we experienced a delay in design and construction when a small vocal group objected to the natural history theme while asserting that the old children's zoo's story book theme (e.g. three little pigs' house etc) was what everyone was expecting. But WCS was going to have none of that and eventually the natural history theme won out. The Tisch Children's Zoo opened in 1997 to excellent reviews and, most importantly, it was exceptionally well received by the target audience, the kids themselves! It was a great opportunity for them to engage in informal learning by sitting inside a giant egg, a turtle's shell or listen through a fox's ears. It was, and is, an absolutely beautiful 'secret garden' kind of experience."
Judith Wolfe @ WCS
In 1998, Wharton was asked by former editors Terry Maple and Don Lindburg to become the third Executive Editor of Zoo Biology. "I couldn't have asked for a better complement to zoo directing with this birds-eye view of much of the research conducted in zoos around the world," Wharton noted. He served as Executive Editor for over 12 years, stepping down in 2011.
After nearly 30 years with WCS, Wharton retired in 2007 from WCS as Director of City Zoos (Prospect Park Zoo, Queens Zoo, as well as Central Park Zoo) to become Senior Vice President of Conservation Science at Chicago Zoological Society. "Two of the major players at CZS were President Stuart Strahl and Senior VP of Education, Alejandro Grajal, two highly-valued colleagues who also came from WCS," he noted. "They were looking at restructuring the animal and conservation science departments and a new position evolved – and I was lucky enough to be given the opportunity to assume this position."
@ CZS
Wharton had a number of responsibilities. "The Brookfield Zoo needed some upgrades and replacements of exiting exhibits," Wharton stated. "For instance, polar bears and other bears were in grottos that were completely out of date and a high priority for all of us was to develop what was to become the Great Bear Wilderness, an exhibit complex with both brown bears and polar bears, and bison. It also became another venue for the 'Language of Conservation.;"
Also important was the development of the CZS's animal welfare programs. "On the science side, we developed the Center for the Science of Animal Welfare," Wharton elaborated. "It was a very exciting concept and we were able to get to a place where we really knew how to develop the tools to be able to assess animal behavior with a detailed look at their overall psychological health. It wasn't just assessing animal stress but also animal well-being in what I liked to call 'animal-directed management. Working with the scientists Nadja Wielebnowski and Jason Watters at CSAW was a really exciting part of my tenure with CZS. The hosting of animal welfare symposia and the development of animal assessment tools (as well as the science to make this possible) was an important step forward in zoo animal management and will continue to be an important part of the zoo profession's future development."
In 2011, Wharton retired for the second time. "You come to a place where you have to commit to six or ten more years or decide if you are at an obvious stopping point," he remembered. "That's essentially what it all boils down to, especially when you consider that imagination is always going to be beyond budget, and all the more so during an economic downturn."
To this day, Wharton thinks about the future of zoos and their role in conservation. "There are a lot of things I would be interested in pursuing further if I were still actively involved," he concluded. "For instance, I believe we could develop programs to find, encourage, and train those kids (like many of us used to be) who are right now passionately involved with their brilliantly-managed terrariums/aquariums and other animal projects. And for a long time, I've been interested in our collective obsession on how zoos can play much bigger roles in wildlife conservation. There are unique opportunities that only zoos are pre-adapted to take on, in fact the possibilities are so numerous that it invokes the famous statement from Peanuts' Charlie Brown: 'In all this world, there is no heavier burden than great potential.' I am confident that we will realize it sooner or later."
@ Grayson Ponti
#BronxZoo #CentralParkZoo #BrookfieldZoo #WoodlandParkZoo


text:
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class SleepItem : InventoryItem
{
    private bool isOver = false;

    public float ImprovesSleepQualityPercent = 0.0f;

    // Call in the base class if deriving.
    public override void OnPrimaryAction()
    {
        Main.SleepManager.Sleep(this);
    }

    // Call in the base class if deriving.
    public override void OnCursorEnter()
    {
        isOver = true;
        Update();
    }

    // Call in the base class if deriving.
    public override void OnCursorExit()
    {
        Main.ItemDescription.ItemAction.color = Color.white;
        isOver = false;
    }

    // Call in the base class if deriving.
    public virtual void Update()
    {
        if (isOver)
        {
            var SleepHudButton = Main.HudButtons.SleepHudButton;
            var ItemDescription = Main.ItemDescription;
            PrimaryActionDescription = "Click to Sleep";
            if (SleepHudButton && SleepHudButton.GiveSleepHint)
            {
                switch (Main.SleepManager.SleepQualityHere)
                {
                    case PlayerSleepManager.SleepQualityEnum.TERRIBLE:
                        PrimaryActionDescription += " (terrible)";
                        ItemDescription.ItemAction.color = SleepHudButton.PoorSleepLabelColour;
                        break;
                    case PlayerSleepManager.SleepQualityEnum.POOR:
                        PrimaryActionDescription += " (poor)";
                        ItemDescription.ItemAction.color = SleepHudButton.OkSleepLabelColour;
                        break;
                    case PlayerSleepManager.SleepQualityEnum.GOOD:
                        PrimaryActionDescription += " (good)";
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


6 Effects of Iron Deficiency: Can it effect to Headaches too?
Do Cluster Headaches Only Happen at Night? See The Anwer!
Cluster headache is a type of primary headache due to neurovascular disorders. As the name implies, the cluster means grouping, cluster-type headache involves clumped headache, usually lasting for several weeks….
Are headache normal during menstruation? See the answer here!


We all know only too well that we have just one life, and a finite amount of time to achieve all the things that we want to do.
But what does that look like? Well, your own set of life goals is as individual and unique as you are. They will be a combination of must do's, want to do's, and would love to do's. They will also be affected to a greater or lesser extent by your personal resources and by your confidence in your ability to achieve them.
Our job is to help you to understand you and your personal situation. To help you fit all of this together. We will work with you to design and implement a plan which is bespoke, flexible and within your means.
If there are issues, and let's face it things sometimes go wrong, we won't mess about, we will present the facts clearly and how your plans are affected. We will then work with you to combat those issues head on and get things back on track.
Our planning journey 'engage' has 4 stages.
To view the entire process click below.
At Ernest Grant our core service is helping you achieve your lifetime goals, now and in the future.
We aim to give you peace of mind that you can do the things that you want to do, without feeling guilty that you are spending today at the cost of tomorrow.
We make sure that you can continue to do this throughout your lifetime, no matter what happens.


We've talked a lot of about how when it comes to mass text messaging that you have to know your audience. The concept of knowing your audience sounds simple, but it's not as easy as it seems to be. Even the best marketers sometime ignore their own rule and think only of their own needs instead of considering the needs of their audience. You have to spend a lot of time really understanding your audience so you can market to them. Sometimes your audience may not even know what it wants or needs and you have to create a new way to attract them. We can spend a lot of time on the concept of knowing your audience, which brings us to another very important principle in marketing. Another reason why mass text messaging works or doesn't work has to do with the timing of your message. In the next week, we are going to talk a lot about timing, how important it is, and some creative ways to think about why time really matters, and especially when it comes to group text messaging. The timing of your marketing messages is always critical. –Kalin J.


text:
Boonshoft School of Medicine
Admissions The M.D. Degree
Departments, Centers & Offices
Education Degrees, Residency/Fellowships, & Programs
Student Life M.D. Curriculum & Policies
Research Activities & Resources
Community Service & Alumni
About News & Information
Directory of All Offices & Departments
Summer 2017(File download)
Vital Signs Archive (PDFs)
Clinical Affiliations
Major Teaching Hospitals
Affiliated Health Care Institutions
Vision, Mission, & Strategic Plan
Directions to White Hall
Places to Stay Near Wright State University
About the Greater Dayton Area
Wright State Physicians
Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine
Alumni Notes Summer 2012
Vital Signs » Summer 2012
We're proud of our alumni and want to spread the word about your achievements. If you have professional news or personal updates to share—or simply want to stay in touch—please contact the Office of Advancement at som_adv@wright.edu or (937) 775-2972.
Herman Hobohm, M.D., is now the medical director and plant physician for General Motors in Parma, Ohio.
Stan Marcus, M.D., works at his own incorporated practice with two other surgeons. He lives with his wife, Diana, in Ococomowoe, Wisc., where they reared their three children, Jayme, Charlie, and Victor. In his free time he plays classical guitar and is a vintage aviation buff.
Paul D. Smith, M.D., and his wife, Ladonna, live in Oregon, Wisc., where he has worked at the University of Wisconsin-Madison for 16 years as an associate professor. In addition to his service to the university, he works to increase health literacy in his community. He and his wife have three grown children, Melissa, Lauren, and David.
Deborah Pillow-Crider, M.D., has been self-employed at her own practice for 20 years. She has three adult children, Spring (40), Myriah (36), and Honour (34). She lives with her husband, Oakey Crider, in Lawrenceburg, Ind., where she spends her free time indulging in what she calls The 3 Gs: golf, gardening, and grandchildren.
Donata A. Rechnitzer, M.D., lives in Frankfort, Ohio, with her husband, John. She serves as medical director and partner of Express Med Urgent Care, and when not devoting her time to her work, enjoys gardening, cooking, and traveling.
William Vitello, M.D., currently practices with Chicago Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine, S.C., in Illinois. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and a member of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. In addition to practicing, Vitello uses his extensive knowledge and experience to educate, having written numerous articles for both textbooks and journals.
Harry R. VanderWal, Jr., M.D., has been very busy since graduation. He now devotes the majority of his time to the Luke Commission, a non-profit organization committed to providing health care to the AIDs- and tuberculosisstricken people of rural Swaziland. Along with his wife, Echo, VanderWal founded and is codirector of the Luke Commission. Together, they and their four children spend 10 months out of the year in southern Africa, returning to the United States for the remaining months to raise awareness. In addition to his efforts in Africa, VanderWal also continues to serve the Boonshoft School of Medicine, working as a clinical associate professor.
Amberly Davidson, M.D., recently opened an obstetrics/gynecology practice in Cincinnati. She enjoys reading and vacationing.
Capt. Andrew Maley, M.D., and Diana Haninger, M.D., became officially engaged in February 2012. Maley currently serves at Keesler Air Force Base Medicine Center in Biloxi, Mississippi, as an internal medicine resident. Haninger, a pathology resident at the University of Louisville Medical Center, graduated from Ohio University with a doctor of osteopathic medicine degree in
Crystal Lantz, M.D., and Vincent DeGeorge, M.D., were married on May 28, 2011, in Tiffin, Ohio. The couple currently resides in Cleveland Heights, Ohio, and both work at University Hospital Case Medical Center, where Lantz is an internal medicine resident physician and her husband works as a resident anesthesiologist.
Kathy Dixon, M.D., ('88) passed away in December 2011 after over two decades of service as a family physician in Marion, Ohio. She married fellow school of medicine graduate, Mark Davis, M.D., in 1998, and together the couple raised two children. Dixon was serving as the Marion County Health Commissioner and had previously been president of the medical staff at Marion General Hospital. She is survived by her mother, three siblings, husband, and children. She was 49.
Jeffrey P. Held, M.D., ('91) passed away in October 2011 at the age of 48. After graduation, he completed his residency at the Crozer-Chester Medical Centre in Pennsylvania before going on to practice medicine in California and Maine. He returned to Ohio several times to work at Coshocton Memorial Hospital. Held is survived by his mother, sister, and brother.
Peter C. Imber, M.D., ('80) passed away on December 9, 2011 at the age of 59. After a residency in family medicine, he practiced as a solo practitioner in Panama City Beach from 1984-2000. He joined the Veterans Administration as a primary care physician first in Panama City Beach and then Lexington, Kentucky. He is survived by his wife, Anna Sturgill, and two daughters, Ann Nicole Imber of Dayton and Allison Imber of Orlando Florida.
Last edited on 04/18/2016.
Contact the Boonshoft School of Medicine


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#Audi-Quattro
Currently filtering items tagged with #Audi-Quattro
Adam Towler Audi Quattro
Groups · 1 year ago Editing
/ #1988 quattro had done 145k miles but had been properly looked after.
/ #Audi-Quattro / #Audi / #1988-Audi-Quattro
Case history snapped up
When we are putting the magazine together each month, we frequently ponder over which of our Case histories we would most like to own, and the Audi quattro in the February issue found a lot of favour.
We were not alone in our appreciation, either, as its now-former owner Dr Jonathan Davies told us: "I had firm interest from three people as soon as the magazine came out. I had offers of deposits, and people wanting to view the car at various times, so I took a bold decision: not an auction but a race! "I said the first person to deposit the full amount would own the car.
One declined to buy without seeing it (fair enough). Two wanted to continue, and I received notification of a transfer after close of business the same day, which translated into funds in my account the following morning. The new owner came up, checked over the Audi, and drove off happy. Good car, good write-up, good price and a good deal all round!"
Davy Lewis shared a link
Links · 2 years ago Editing
Of all the performance models that Audi has produced, there is one that stands head and shoulders above the rest. For many, it's the ultimate Audi, the car that put the company on the map – that made the world sit up and take notice. It's a car that's instantly recognisable, a true '80s icon: the Ur-quattro. Unveiled at the #1980-Geneva-Motor-Show , this four-wheel drive coupe took the motoring world by storm. It went on to become one of the bestloved rally cars in history, and along the way, gave birth to the legendary Sport quattro. Today, it's a rare treat to see a Ur-quattro on the road, as many have been lost to the ravages of time. So when we find a good one, it's rather exciting. This month's cover car is one of the very finest examples. Not only has it been painstakingly restored to its former glory (it's actually better than when it left the factory), it is also producing an eye watering 600hp. There's a great story behind it too, as it's the car that the current owner actually learned to drive in, almost 20 years ago. You can read all about this stunning #Audi-Ur-Quattro on page 20. Then indulge yourself in some quattro history on page 30. As well as some retro goodness, there's plenty of modern metal to get your teeth into. We test QS Tuning's mean, black 675hp RS7, go for a blast in #VAG Tech's 420hp RS3 and there's a Gen 3 TT tuned to 350hp. / #Audi / #Audi-Quattro / #2017 / #1980
Audi Quattro History - Drive-My Blogs - Drive
Audi Quattro History. Photography Audi AG. The Original. The Ur-quattro became the defining car for Audi, here we look back at the history of this remarkable machine…
Chris Rees Audi Quattro
/ #Audi-Quattro / #Audi
Giant road test Bentley Turbo R, Renault 5 GT Turbo, Lancia Delta HF Integrale, Lotus Turbo Esprit, Alpine-Renault GTA Turbo, Audi Quattro and Porsche 911 Turbo 930 vs. Ford Escort RS Turbo - Drive
Turbo cars in the Eighties had an aura of daring and slightly uncontrollable speed. 1665bhp turbocharged shoot-out to find the best real-w
Dan Furr Audi Quattro
SPORT QUATTRO REP GET SHORTY Slick #SWB rep packs 509bhp / Stunning, 500bhp replica
SINGLE-MINDED
This Lamborghini-coloured Sport #Quattro #replica has been transformed from rough and ready into a 509bhp, road-legal track toy.
Celebrated automotive restoration and tuning outfit, Retropower, has long been recognised as a force for good that takes on projects that start with tired, broken and rotting vintage vehicles and end with glistening, modified and mechanically sound high-horsepower masterpieces. Needless to say, we were excited to hear that the latest fettled fourwheeler to roll out of the company's Leicestershire workshop is wearing an Audi badge.
The car in question is a #1983 quattro that at some point in the past had been subjected to short-wheel base chassis remodelling by renowned #Audi specialists, #Dialynx-Performance. The Swindonbased firm has been a supplier of aftermarket tuning components for turbocharged Audis since its inception in 1988, but Dialynx is perhaps best known for its many Sport quattro conversions.
Developed for #Group-B rallying in the mid 1980s, the Sport quattro featured an all-alloy 2.1-litre 20-valve engine sat inside a lightweight body shell comprising carbon-Kevlar panels and a windscreen rake borrowed from the Audi 80. In order to get rid much of the bulk that the manufacturer deemed to be an obstacle when competing against the rally-ready chariots of rival car makers, the Sport's chassis was made considerably shorter than that of the 'regular' wheelbase rally quattro that preceded it. This ditching of metal delivered reduced understeer, more responsive handling and quicker turning, while the large body panels allowed for the use of bigger wheels and an increased track width.
A couple of hundred road-going Sport quattros were produced for homologation purposes, but buying one today will set you back a serious amount of dosh (over £100k), not to mention the horror of the associated running costs. This is where Dialynx Performance steps in – the company has transformed many factory quattros into Sport replicas over the years, resulting in what is claimed to be a car that is virtually indistinguishable from the model that it mimics.
Furthermore, Dialynx says that its replicas offer lucky owners tameable levels of performance as opposed to the uncompromising aggression produced by genuine Group B belters.
"I'm led to believe that the Audi that made its way into our workshop was the third quattro that Dialynx had converted to Sport spec," recalls Retropower co-founder, Callum Seviour. "Sadly, time hadn't been kind to the car, and we discovered a huge amount of work that needed to be done in order to bring it back to its best," he says. The striking body kit applied to the race-inspired rep was just one of many areas in need of attention. That said, a cosmetic overhaul was all that the car's owner was prepared to commission until he could be sure that Retropower's work was of a standard that he was happy with.
"I guess you could call it 'testing the water'!" laughs Callum's brother, Nat. "We stripped the car, treated it to new subframe mounting points, removed and replaced its roof, built a new supporting roof frame, double-skinned its chassis legs, restored its body panels and bonded the corrected wide-arch kit into place before covering every part in a coat of primer. We were about to follow up with a lick of sparkling grey lifted from the Lamborghini colour catalogue when the quattro's owner signalled his approval for us to start a long list of mechanical upgrades!" he confirms.
Ordinarily, Retropower would take care of any spanner wizardry and/or fabrication work that needed to be carried out on one of its customer's cars before tackling aesthetic updates, but the instruction that it was given with regard to the Audi forced the Seviour boys to work in an unorthodox manner. "The car's owner was thrilled with the revitalised appearance of his ride," continues Callum. "This gave us the green light to strip and rebuild the 2.2-litre 'RR' five-cylinder powerplant that sits beneath the vented bonnet up-front, although requested modifications that included a relocation of the engine's cooling system and a boot-mounted dry sump kit forced us to cut away at metal that we'd only just prepared for paint!" he groans. Nevertheless, the 20-valve lump was carefully inspected before a period of planning that would transform it into an absolute monster. Not that the work involved in achieving such a feat was as easy as we might have made it sound...
The car's inline-five had suffered severe mechanical failure at some point in the recent past following work that a third party had undertaken on behalf of the owner. Subsequently repaired under warranty, the revised nuts and bolts were supposed to be producing in excess of 500bhp, but the condition and performance of the engine that Retropower were asked to work with casts doubt over that figure. Indeed, a sump populated by metal particles, a cracked cylinder head, a weeping head gasket, worn bearings and a mismatched piston that was making contact with a valve face all pointed towards what can be politely labelled as a 'bodge', and that's without mentioning the serious lack of grunt that the car was producing under load.
"We reground the engine's billet crankshaft, machined all piston pockets so that they matched one another, and we sourced a new head before enlarging and smoothing its ports," Callum tells us. As many original parts were retained as possible, with CNC polishing and restoration being employed to ensure the continued use of expensive equipment that was considered to be perfectly serviceable, while fuelling upgrades included twin Bosch high-flow pumps and 1000cc #ASNU-injectors .
A Wagner Tuning inlet manifold and a chunky #Garrett GT40 turbocharger were called upon to work alongside a side-exit stainless steel exhaust system in the airflow department. Routing of the custom pipework demanded significant modifying of the Audi's floor. Further metalwork involved the creation of a custom rear bulkhead and channelling for water pipes that travel the length of the car and back now that its cooling and lubrication systems sit in its boot space.
A roll cage was already present, but door bars and diagonals were literally left hanging. "We were shocked to see that such an important safety device was so poorly fitted inside the car!" gasps Callum. "To counter this worrying discovery, we fabricated a comprehensive multi-point cage that travels through the dashboard, triangulates and attaches itself to key structural components throughout the chassis," he explains.
Talking of which, suspension and braking upgrades were already evident in the form of modified struts (to allow for coilovers) and braces, Koni damper inserts and Tarox six-pot stoppers, yet the Retropower touch bettered these key features thanks to the appointment of SuperPro polybushes and a Wilwood pedal box. The latter inhabits a cabin that also boasts Recaro Pole Position buckets, a flocked dash, Stack gauges and an SPA KitDash that occupies space once reserved for standard quattro clocks.
Even though the completed car is used as a track toy, it remains road legal. This surprising fact meant that its owner wanted a show-quality finish to what is essentially a motorsport body kit. To that end, masses of effort went into filling and block-sanding what would otherwise be "ripply" panels before the Lambo paint was finally splashed across the flawless build.
Azev A wheels coated in a similar shade were already in place when the Audi arrived at the Retropower workshop, unlike this awesome VAG machine's current power output. "I'm delighted to be able to say that the car is now producing over 500bhp following the huge amount of time and effort that my team has spent on the project," beams Callum. He's being typically modest; despite a dyno printout displaying an impressive 509bhp and 410lb per foot of torque (delivered by a custom map on a MoTeC M48 ECU), this fantastic four-wheel drive pocket rocket has the potential to knock on the door of 600bhp if its owner ever fancies investing in a transmission upgrade.
In the meantime, running a powerful engine well below its top end abilities should result in a safe, reliable delivery of ponies both on and off the track. Retropower, we salute you!
SPECIFICATION #Audi-Sport-Quattro-replica / #Audi-Sport-quattro / #Audi-Quattro / #Audi / #MoTeC-M48 / #Motec / #MoTec-ECU
Engine: 2.2-litre I5 20-valve DOHC 'RR', steel crankshaft, forged connecting rods and pistons, enlarged and smoothed cylinder head ports, combustion chambers reshaped and cc matched, standard camshafts, standard valvetrain, custom dry sump system, dry sump located in boot, radiator and twin slimline fans relocated to boot space, electric water pump and controller, #ASH silicone hoses and tubes, twin #Bosch-044 fuel pumps, #ASNU 1000cc fuel injectors, alloy fuel cell, MoTeC M48 ECU with single-channel capacitor discharge ignition, #Wagner-Tuning inlet manifold, #Garrett-GT40 turbocharger, custom side-exit exhaust system, #Varley race battery, custom wiring loom.
Performance: 509bhp @ 7050rpm, 410lb/ft torque @ 5800rpm
Transmission: Standard quattro five-speed manual gearbox, quick shifter
Suspension: Standard struts modified with coilover conversion for adjustable ride height, Koni damper inserts, SuperPro polybushes throughout
Brakes: Tarox six-piston front calipers, Audi RS4 rear calipers, Sport quattro discs, Ferodo DS3000 pads, Wilwood pendulum bias pedal box
Wheels: 8x16in #Azev A five-spokes, Toyo Proxes R888 225/45x16 tyres
Exterior: #Dialynx-Performance shortened quattro shell, replica Sport quattro enlarged body kit, modified floor for exhaust and coolant pipes, full respray in Lamborghini Grigio Estoque
Interior: Fully stripped, #Recaro-Pole-Position bucket seats, custom multi-point roll cage, fuel and oil lines throughout cabin, electro-hydraulic power steering pump positioned behind driver seat, battery positioned behind passenger seat, flocked dashboard, SPA KitDash, electric water pump ECU mounted on dashboard, aluminium false front floor panels, all new wiring, steering column stalk deletion, custom switch panel, Stack gauges, start button and kill switches
Thanks: Callum and the team at Retropower www.retropower.co.uk
Top: Moody front end shot.
Above: Flocked interior and lots of custom switches Below: Looks fantastic side-on.
Above: That iconic front end Right: the 5-cylinder powerhouse Below: It's all in the details.
Above: Bumper cut out for air flow.
Below: Slimlime rads moved to the boot.
"We sourced a new head before enlarging and smoothing its ports"
Darron Edwards Audi Quattro
RETRO – UR quattro #1984 / #1987 #Audi-Quattro F , G, H… / #Audi-Quattro-F / #Audi-Quattro-G / #Audi-Quattro-H / #Audi-Ur-quattro / #Audi /
Darron Edwards continues his account of the development of the Ur quattro, with a look at the F, G and H series models between 1984 and 1987…
Cosmetically, the Ur quattro had remained virtually unchanged since its introduction in 1980, but all that changed in 1984 when both the interior and exterior of the car received some subtle upgrades that made all the difference. Bringing the quattro right up to date, most of these changes remained until the final incarnation of the car seven years later.
The three chassis types that spanned 1984 to 1987 were the last to use the tried and tested 200 PS 'WR' engine and so this was the most settled period of Ur #Quattro production, when the car remained virtually unchanged, inside and out.
The #Audi-Quattro-FA chassis was introduced in August 1984 and the cosmetic changes were obvious straight away, with the front and rear end of the car receiving a more modern look. At the front, the one-piece Cibie headlights were retained but they now had sloping glass lenses, coupled with a re-designed sloping front grille and headlight trims. This gave the front end a much more streamlined look and it did indeed improve the aerodynamic co-efficient of the car.
At the rear, a revolutionary design was used, with the tail lights now 'smoked' black. A very clever manufacturing process was used, where the lights appeared black from a distance but closer inspection shows that a coloured shroud covered the bulb so that, when it illuminated, the lens would appear to change colour briefly.
The prismatic strip that runs horizontally across the lower part of the boot lid also received the smoked black treatment, while the top of the boot lid which up until now had been painted satin black, regardless of body colour, was now painted the same colour as the rest of the car.
The rear skirt that surrounds the bumper was also re-designed and it now had an integrated mudguard to prevent dirt spraying up the side of the car from the wider 8-inch wheels.
Another revolutionary design on this model was the use of flexible additive in the paint that was applied to the rear rubber spoiler. This meant that it could be colourcoded and, together with all the other new features, it gave the rear end of the car a radical and more modern new look. This new look was eventually copied by most motor manufacturers on a wide variety of cars and even the Ford Capri would get its own version of smoked rear lights and prismatic rear panels were offered as aftermarket accessories for many models.
Up until now, the rear badging had been achieved by the use of dot matrix decals, finished in either silver or black (dependent on body colour) manufactured by 3M. These were replaced by new three-dimensional plastic badges, with a chrome or black finish. The size and shape of the font used was the same, but the position of both the 'Audi' and the 'quattro' badge was raised slightly compared to the original decals.
A new range of body colours was introduced in 1984, with Mars red now replaced by a deeper and more striking red called Tornado red. It suited the new cosmetic changes very well and became the definitive colour of this period of Ur quattro production.
The decals in the rear side windows were also re-designed. They were originally silver dot matrix, but from the FA chassis and up until the JA they were now a dark brown colour and of a hollow / outline design. This was done to match the rear de-mister that bore the 'quattro' legend – when the rear screen element was heated, the famous name would melt the ice and slowly appear in the rear window. A very cool touch!
Inside the car, a new look was also applied. Brown was now replaced by black, and plenty of it! The new dashboard that made its debut on the previous model was now finished in black vinyl to match the new carpet and other interior trim. It had a new centre console panel that now featured an oil temperature gauge and voltmeter and also a neat two-stage, rotary diff lock switch that illuminated two green LE Ds set in a graphic of the quattro drivetrain.
A smart grey tartan cloth with a fine red and blue pinstripe was introduced for the front and rear seats and this new cloth was also applied to the front door panels and rear quarter trim. It was coded ZN and called 'Graphite Eton Flannel'. This is my personal favourite interior trim and was fairly hard-wearing, apart from the upright bolster on the driver's seat. I regularly repair these with a new black cloth panel.
The digital dash that was fitted from 1984 was now green. On some cars you could alter the way that the rev pointer appeared. It was possible to switch between a dual finger pointer or a 'snail trail' type pointer. This could be done by selecting 'fuel range' on the MFD and then holding down the re-set button on the computer switch. The revcounter, clock and gauges could also be turned off by pushing in the dash dimmer switch, although this is a feature that I've seldom used. This new system replaced the turquoise coloured digi-dash unit from the previous car. The handbrake warning light was also removed from the driver's side under panel and now fitted in the binnacle.
The wiper stalk on the steering column now only moves up for wiper selection (early quattros had the intermittent position down one click). First position is now for intermittent wipers and then the next two clicks for slow and fast wipe. This newly designed stalk also contained the switch to operate the voice check system.
Most G and H chassis cars were fitted with the standard tilt sunroof. This could be tilted by 25 degrees or, by pulling two clips, completely removed and stored on two special runners in the boot. It's worth noting that most FA chassis cars that I've seen don't have a sunroof.
With the introduction of the HA chassis came a couple more safety improvements. The front brake callipers were redesigned and the front brake discs enlarged. The callipers were now twin piston – a big improvement on the previous single-pot units. The discs were thicker and larger to complement the new callipers.
The second safety improvement was the introduction of twin side light and brake light bulbs in the rear light clusters. This was done without the need for new rear light units. A simple modification to the bulb holders was enough to greatly improve the visibility of the brake lights, especially as the rear lenses were now black.
As far as spare parts are concerned, these three chassis are probably the easiest of all quattros to source parts for as they were the most numerous of all Ur quattros. I own two #Audi-Quattro-GA chassis cars and I love driving them – I feel completely at home in their comfortable interior and I enjoy the green digital dash. This was obviously not the case for everybody, though, as Audi would change all this in the next incarnation of the Ur quattro...
Above: New green digital dash. Above right: Twin brake light bulbs in the rear cluster for the #Audi-Quattro-HA chassis improved their visibility greatly. Below: GA chassis.
Left: FA chassis models featured a revised interior, with 'Graphite Eton Flannel' cloth on the seats and door panels, a black vinyl dashboard to match the black carpets and other interior trim and a new centre console panel... Above: The new console panel included an oil temperature gauge, voltmeter and a neat rotary control for the diff lock featuring green LEDs in the graphic of the quattro drivetrain.
'Tornado red became the definitive colour of this period of Ur quattro production...'
Left: New rear-end from 1984 featured 'smoked' rear lenses and prismatic strip. Also note new three-dimensional badging. Above: The top of the boot lid was painted body colour, instead of the satin black of previous models, along with the rear rubber spoiler whose paint featured a flexible additive.
'The FA chassis was introduced in August #1984 and the cosmetic changes were obvious straight away...'
MILLTEK SPORT MB QUATTRO CLASSIC AUDIS – MILLTEK MB QUATTRO PHOTOS: NEIL BIRKITT (WITH THANKS TO LEIGH RAVEY AND KENNY LONGDON) / #Audi-Ur-quattro / #Audi-Quattro / #Audi-Ur-Quattro-Milltek / #Audi-Quattro-Milltek / #Audi-Milltek / #Milltek / #2016
Milltek's new exhaust system for the classic #Audi Ur #Quattro sounds simply sensational, but first they had to find a suitable example to fit it to…
'The new #Milltek-Classic-exhaust-system offers great performance, exceptional fit and finish and a perfectly-judged sound enhancement...'
There can be few features about the Ur quattro that don't make reference to its unique combination of engine sound and exhaust note – the distinctive warbling, skirling off-beat cacophany that arises from the unusual 1-2-4-5-3 firing order of the turbocharged in-line five-cylinder engine.
It's the stuff of legend, with just about every quattro enthusiast having a story to tell of how, as a child or teenager, they were spellbound while watching the works rally cars charge through the Welsh forests, spitting gravel and flames in equal proportions…
Those same impressionable youngsters are all grown up now and many have gone on to become quattro owners and enthusiasts (can there be anyone who's an owner who isn't an enthusiast?) Indeed, the Ur quattro now ranks among the most iconic of classic cars from that early Eighties era – uncommon enough to be very special, but not so rare and expensive as to be unobtainable – and the enthusiasm for the model remains undiminished.
As a born again high-performance classic car it still looks fabulous and remains practical even today, still able to hold its own in the cut and thrust of modern motoring and likely to attract just as much attention in the pub car park as many expensive supercars.
So it was no real surprise that, when the renowned exhaust specialist #Milltek-Sport launched a new initiative to produce a range of high-quality high-performance exhaust systems for the classic car market, the Ur quattro would be one of the first on their applications list.
Although Milltek is known mostly for its extensive range of applications for the latest high-performance models, with the Volkswagen Group playing a huge part in its portfolio, the company has a long history that goes way back to the times when cars like the quattro were just emerging.
Milltek's founder, #Phil-Millington , began his long experience in the exhaust industry as manager of one of the country's first exhaust centres in 1977 before taking over the running of a stainless-steel exhaust specialist in Devon, and then founding his own business – #Falcon-Exhausts – in #1983 , just about the time that the quattro was making its mark here in the UK market, the first time around.
So, there was already a lot of experience in producing exhaust systems for a wide range of models that were contemporary at the time, but which are now the mainstay of the current classic car market. But it was never going to be a simple case of dusting off the original blueprints from the archives and reproducing the old systems. Although a high quality of construction had always been a strong point for the Falcon systems, there were also many ways in which Milltek's latest advanced construction techniques and modern materials could be used to improve upon the design and manufacture.
With the decision made to use an Audi Ur quattro as one of the first demo cars for the new initiative, the guys at Milltek set about finding a suitable example for long-term development and testing of the new revised system and for subsequent promotional purposes. And, let's face it, who wouldn't jump at the chance to own a quattro!
After a bit of searching around, in August 2014 they sourced a suitable example, a #1988 model with the later spec 2.2-litre 10-valve #MB-turbo-engine . Finished in gleaming Alpine white – a colour which, after Tornado red perhaps, has to be one of the classic signatures for the Ur quattro – as soon as they saw it they knew it just had to be added to the Milltek fleet. Ironically, it was already fitted with an aftermarket stainless-steel exhaust, manufactured by a rival brand, but that didn't put them off!
Although very solid at first sight – indeed, it was widely admired when it first appeared on the Milltek Sport stand at Audi Driver International in October 2014 – perhaps inevitably, when they delved a bit deeper, it was found to need some bodywork restoration, and that task was entrusted to Simon Norman at 2Refinish, based in Hinckley, Leicestershire.
A very thorough and top quality exercise followed throughout the early months of 2015, with the bodywork completely stripped and overhauled and treated to a glass-out respray, before it next appeared on the Milltek stand at the Classic Motor Show at the NEC , to be much admired and featured in our November issue.
Of course, like any classic car of its age, there were also quite a few mechanical gremlins to be ironed out. Milltek's Leigh Ravey tells us that he's now picked up quite a bit of practical experience at troubleshooting the old K-Jetronic injection system and dealing with many of the idiosyncrasies of the older cars, none of which involve modern diagnostic techniques like reading fault codes…
For instance, recalling a recurrent problem with the brake pedal switch and wiring that was shorting out, causing the brake lights to be on permanently, and dealing with an intermittently troublesome idle control valve, Leigh philosophically regards it as 'the joys of old cars, I suppose!'
The car now also has a new set of Bilstein dampers, H&R lowering springs, Powerflex bushes and, of course, its piéce de résistance – the new Milltek Classic exhaust system which, in their own words, is claimed to 'offer great performance gains, exceptional fit and finish, a powerful but perfectlyjudged sound enhancement and a look that's close to the original exhaust system but subtly enhanced, remaining faithful to the car's iconic design'…
This particular system is the louder non-resonated 'downpipe-back' application, which uses a 10V adapter pipe, connecting pipe, centre silencer bypass assembly, rear silencer assembly and polished tailpipe tips. The systems are also available in a slightly more restrained / subdued resonated form, and with other tailpipe assemblies, which include Titanium and Cerakote finishes as well as polished tips.
As well as using top quality construction, with Type-304 aircraft grade 2.5-inch diameter (63.5 mm) stainless-steel pipework, mandrel-bent for optimum gasflow to ensure maximum performance throughout the rev-range, Milltek's development engineers also took the opportunity to solve one of the original system's weak points by adding a new mounting point.
Although it requires drilling four holes in the boot floor to accommodate the new mounting, this is well worthwhile. It not only solves the age-old problem of the drooping rear silencer with its typically sagging tailpipes that no longer sit neatly in the aperture in the rear valance, but it also dramatically reduces movement of the rear silencer when cornering.
The opportunity was also taken to revise the routeing of the pipework over the rear axle to ensure that no contact is made, preventing any chafing of the pipework itself as well as keeping exhaust heat away from the CV joint.
Milltek Classic has also completed development of a version for the later 20V models; otherwise identical to the 10V version, it uses a different front adapter pipe. So, was it all worth it, given that there's already plenty of aftermarket stainlesssteel exhaust systems available for the Ur quattro… Let's just say that, while hanging out of the window of the camera car to get the driving shots for this feature, I just wish that there had been a way to capture and bottle the glorious sound that emanates from this exhaust system as the Milltek quattro accelerated and cruised past at 70 mph – it'd be a best-seller!
Contacts Milltek Sport Unit 3 Victoria Way, Pride Park , Derby DE24 8AN Tel: 01332 227 280 / www.millteksport.com
2Refinish Unit 35, Sketchley Meadows Ind. Estate, Hinckley, Leicetershire LE10 3ES Tel: 07885 674 484
www.2refinish.com
' I just wish that there had been a way to capture and bottle the + glorious sound that emanates from this exhaust system...'
'A very thorough and top quality exercise followed throughout the early months of 2015, with the bodywork completely stripped and overhauled and treated to a glass-out respray...'
'After a bit of searching around, in August 2014 they sourced a suitable example, a 1988 model with the later spec 2.2-litre 10-valve MB turbo engine...'
'So it was no real surprise that the Ur quattro would be one of the first on the applications list...'
Daniel Bevis Audi Quattro
QUATTRO DRIVEN WE ROAD TEST A LEGEND
Driven: #Audi-Quattro We get out to test drive some proper automotive legends. This month we go all Gene Hunt and "fire up the Quattro" (you schlaggggs)!
DRIVEN AUTOMOTIVE LEGENDS ROAD TEST: Daniel Bevis. LORD OF THE RINGS
"ANYTHING HAPPENS TO THIS MOTOR, I'LL COME ROUND YOUR HOUSES AND STAMP ON ALL YOUR TOYS. GOT IT?"
In a modern context, of course, the original #Audi Quattro is not all that astonishing. We're spoilt today. Every new hot hatch boasts the sort of performance figures that would have been supercar territory back in 1980. Brakes are infinitely better, suspension systems far more advanced – the game has moved on. So today, the Quattro feels quick-ish rather than actually fast, and the brakes are a bit wishy-washy. But this really isn't the point. You see, the thing about the Quattro is that… it's a Quattro. It's an icon, a legend, those '80 fade rings on the doors speaking volumes about none-too-subtle sporting intent. This is a car that Audi sold to the public with switchable diffs, a boost gauge and a 2.1-litre 10v 5-pot offering 200bhp – a demonstration of trust in the man on the street that he could handle what their rally department had been cooking up. And for those lucky punters, the reward came in the form of a chassis so good, so poised, that it offers up oodles and oodles of unrelenting grip, sublime body control with surprisingly little roll, and the sort of dependable agility that few cars can match even now.
THE DRIVE...
This example may have over 170,000 miles on the clock, but it still feels as tight as a drum, whereas other performance machines of the era feel ¬ flimsy and rattly today (I'm looking at you, 205 GTI). This is testament to the fastidiousness with which Audi nailed the Quattro together. It smells exactly like a 1980s car should in there. It has appropriately boisterous seat trim and headlining, the driving position is superb – it's a great relief to find a car that's so revered is actually as good as everybody makes out.
Sure, it could do with being more powerful (quite a lot more powerful would be nice), and it really needs better brakes. But that's true of a lot of cars of the early 1980s. All of them, probably. But few of them work in harmony with the driver quite like this one does. It encourages and complements your inputs, urges you to push harder. It's never scary. It just feels right.
Even when you realise you're going 20 or 30mph faster than you thought you were. Even when, as happened to me, you find the bright sunshine suddenly being switched off and replaced with a momentary torrential blizzard. "Hey, it's a rally car, it'll cope," you think. And it does. Tremendously.
The one feature that really entertains is the turbo. And not just for the fact that delivers its thrills in a thoroughly old-school way, building the tension through treacly lag before spiking on boost and thumping you in the back. No, it's the fact it sounds exactly like an approaching police siren. The first time you properly boot the throttle, you immediately back off assuming you're about to be tugged by the fuzz. There are no blue lights in your mirrors, so you press on – and it happens again. Then you realise and it becomes a game. Suddenly, you're not the mouse but the cat. You are DCI Gene Hunt, ring up the Quattro. And if I'd ever watched the show, I'd know exactly what that meant.
/ #1981 #Audi-Quattro-UK / #Audi-Quattro-Turbo /
PRICE NEW: £15,037 ( 1981 BASIC PRICE)
PRICE NOW: £18,000 PLUS (IF YOU'RE LUCKY)
POWER: 197BHP, 310LBFT
INSURANCE: GROUP 20
ORIGINAL SPEC ENGINE & TRANSMISSION: 2.1-litre straight-five 10V DOHC, #Bosch-K-Jetronic Fuel Injection, #KKK-26-Turbo , All-Wheel Drive, 50/50 Torque Split, 5-Speed Manual
CHASSIS: 6X15-Inch #Ronal-Alloys with 205/60X15 TYRES, 280MM DISCS ALL ROUND, ABS , independent suspension all round
EXTERIOR: BOX ARCHES, 80S Graphics, Oodles of Retro Chic
INTERIOR: some frankly astonishing seat fabric, Blaupunkt-Toronto Sqr Radio
The model was a revelation when it appeared at Geneva in 1980. How could it not be? It took the generally agricultural process of sending drive to all four wheels and repackaged it as a means to go faster. The face of rallying would never be the same again, Audi's racy Quattros decimating all comers and forcing every rival into an adapt-or-die position. The 350bhp A1 and A2 evolutions hit the motorsport world in 1983, the latter winning eight World Rallies over the next two years.
And all that was before the bonkers 444bhp Sport Quattro S1 for the no-holdsbarred Group B competition. And for those people who used the road-going variants as daily drivers? Oh, they were heroes…
BUYING ONE? LOOK OUT FOR…
• Alarm – these cars traditionally don't stick around for long, they're dead-easy to break into.
• Bodywork – early LHD cars suffer from rust due to less than fastidious rustproo¬fing treatments. Headlight lenses also tend to go brown after 10 years (an MoT failure).
• History – Cambelt changes are needed every 80k and a full rebuild at around 120k (10 Valve) or 260k (20 Valve).
• Interior – electronic dashes can go wrong and ¬ finding replacements isn't easy.
Pub Ammo – Audi Quattro
The word 'quattro' is derived from the Italian word for 'four'.
The Quattro is also referred to as the UR-Quattro, meaning 'primordial' or 'original' in German.
The first chassis officially shipped to the UK was 85-B-900099.
In 1981 air conditioning would have cost you an extra 512 quid!
The first UK cars were all left-hand drive. Audi claimed they couldn't be converted
(even though many were), until 1982 when they did it themselves.
"Fire up the Quattro! Shut it, you slaaaaag! Apples and pears. My old man's a dustman" And so forth! All right, I never watched Ashes to Ashes, but that ¬ first ubiquitous phrase is as much a part of the TV-inspired everyday lexicon as "D'oh!", ''Here's one I made earlier" and "We were on a break". You almost feel sorry for the owners of UR-Quattros, as they must hear the bloody thing every day of their lives. Almost, yes, but not quite. Because the pay-off for having gawping bystanders relentlessly ¬ ring TV catchphrases at you is that, er, you get to own a Quattro. And having actually driven the timeworn (but feisty) red example in these very pages, I can con¬firm that this must be a very good thing.
Antonio Ghini Audi Quattro
Consider the facts. The Sport quattro has unimpeachable motor sport heritage, it's rare -only 224 were built-and it's supremely rapid. But it's also a genuinely usable supercar. Its interior is as comfortable as a regular quattro's and the only sacrifice you pay for having a 300bhp engine, Porsche 917 brakes and better weight distribution is zero legroom in the back for passengers. We could live with that. #Audi / #Audi-Quattro / #Audi-Sport-quattro
Rally Group В Legends road test Peugeot 205T16 vs. Ford RS200, Audi Sport quattro, MG Metro 6R4 and Porsche 959
Group В Legends. Rallying madness - in roadgoing form – the ultimate supergroup. In the mid-1980s, Group В of the World Rally Championship inspi...
Chris Nicholls Audi Quattro
FACE OFF! Group B icon Vs. rallycross monster. S1 E2VS1 EKS RX. Pics courtesy www.EKSRX.com.
These two S1s may have been created 35 years apart but they share a surprising amount of DNA… Face off – S1 E2 versus S1 EKS RX.
Back in the halcyon days of rallying, there was only one car for me – the #Audi S1 E2. This Group B machine had it all: extreme looks, savage performance and the kind of sound track that could wake the dead. The fact it was a real handful to drive just added to the legend. It's the car that Walther Röhrl drove to victory in the gruelling Pikes Peak event, complete with its be-winged aero battle armour. A fierce, fire breathing machine that emitted an off-note warble, punctuated by loud bangs from the anti-lag system. As a snapshot of the 80s, it captured the excess perfectly.
With the banning of Group B, the S1 E2, along with many other legendary cars such as the 205 T16 and Lancia 037 were left with nowhere to go. Victims of their own success you might say. At the time, many commentators said that the world would never see the likes of these crazy machines again.
But they were wrong.
In 2014, we got word of a new generation of S1 that would be competing in the World Rallycross series. Based (loosely) on the S1 road car, it promised over 500bhp and was designed and built to be flung around Rallycross courses all over Europe. It is, in effect, the spiritual successor to the original S1.
Technology has moved on significantly over the last 35 years. From turbo design, featuring ultra responsive variable vein technology, to suspension which is able to keep a car planted and stable when it lands after a big jump, there's no doubt that the new S1 would destroy an original in a head-to-head race. But this isn't about asking which is better, or faster; it's about appreciating both cars and looking at how the S1 has evolved for the modern age.
The original S1 was a thing of compromise. While other teams were building well balanced, mid-engined machines that were right on the pace, the Audi quattro was big and nose heavy. The Short Sport was born to try and quell that issue and reduce some weight. A lighter alloy block helped, as did the more upright windscreen to reduce glare from the sun. The vast cooling system was moved to the rear, to get more weight off the front, and top wheelmen Stiq Blomqvist and Walter Röhrl were tasked with piloting the thing. The addition of a lockable diff meant the rear could be more easily brought into play, while towards the end of its career, the S1 E2 received a primitive version of what we know today as a DSG transmission. Even so, the S1 was a very analogue beast. You had to really drive the thing and have a full understanding of its shortcomings. Walter Röhrl said it was one of his favourite cars of all time – citing the challenge of driving it on the limit as one of the main reasons. Here was a car that still had three pedals, a regular manual gearbox and even featured steel body panels.
The S1 EKS RX is a very different machine to the S1 E2. For starters it was designed and built with a specific purpose in mind – the Rallycross series. Unlike the S1 E2, it wasn't an adapted version of an existing car, so it had a clear brief. With modern CAD, hightech composite materials, plus access to the latest technology in braking, suspension and engines, this was always going to be a ruthlessly efficient machine.
Designed to compete in short, high intensity events, the S1 EKS didn't need the longevity required of a rally car. They do however need to make a good start, which is where the power and suspension all comes together. Being able to lay down a savage launch and get ahead of the pack is critical to success in this event. The suspension in particular takes a lot of development as it has to cope with tarmac and gravel – the original S1 would have been set up according to the rally it was competing in.
There's a six-speed sequential box with a mechanical shifter for lightening fast shifts. The 2.0 turbo engine creates over 560hp and is capable of taking the S1 from rest to 60mph in just 2secs – on a dirt track. Last year, S1 EKS RX lead driver, Mattias Ekström was joined by Röhrl, who drove the S1 EKS. He is said to have remarked on the modern S1's unbelievable power, lightness as well as telepathic handling and immediate gear shifts. Ekström commented that Röhrl approached some corners faster than he did!
At the time of writing, the S1 EKS has not had the success that the team has hoped for. Having said that, fifth in the team standings and sixth for Ekström in the drivers' championship offers something to build on. As to the question, which of these machines is best? Well, clearly, the modern S1, dripping with the latest in race car technology is the more capable and competitive car. But, I'd bet my last Jelly Baby, that almost all of you reading this, like me, would take the original S1 E2.
Above: Bumper to bumper action. Below: Rally cars and a road going S1.
QUICK SPECS #Audi-S1-EKS-RX-quattro / #Audi-S1 / #Audi /
Year: #2015
Category: Supercar
Engine: 2.0 straight-four turbo
Transmission: 4WD, 6-speed sequential box
Power: 560hp
0-60mph: 1.9sec
Chassis: Reinforced steel body (based on S1)
Suspension: MacPherson struts, Ohlins dampers
Brakes: 4-pot calipers with Pagid RS pads
Wheels: 17in OZ
TECH DATA #Audi-S1-E2-Quattro / #Audi-S1-E2 / #Audi-S1 / #Audi-Quattro / #Quattro
Category: #Group-B
Engine: 2.1 five-cylinder turbo
Transmission: 4WD, synchronised 6-speed manual
0-60mph: 3sec
Chassis: Self supporting steel body with sheet steel parts
Suspension: MacPherson struts with lower wishbone, Boge twin tube spring strut inserts
Brakes: Two circuit hydraulic system
Wheels: 16in
Back in the 1980s, manufacturers had to satisfy strict rules of homologation. To prevent rally teams from producing multi-million pound specials, all competition cars had to be part of a production run of at least 200 road going models for Group B. Consequently, manufacturers created road versions of cars like the Sport quattro – cars that today are worth a small fortune. Sadly, the rules have changed, so manufacturers no longer need to make road going models. Although cars like the S1 EKS must still be loosely based – i.e resemble their production counterparts. They may look similar, but with high-tech spaceframed construction, complex composite bodies and the latest in race car engine technology, they are much further away from the road car than their 80s sibblings were.
Below: "The S1 E2 is ace!"
Above: Evolution of the S1...
"Group B grunt versus modern Rallycross technology"
Chris Nicholls Audi Group Page
Driven mad opinion. This month the Ed has been thinking about quattro drive and what it really means… / #Audi-Quattro / #Audi / #Quattro / #2016 /
It's that time of year where certain Audi owners get very smug about the fact they drive quattros. This is to be expected. After all, permanent fourwheel drive means safer handling and more grip when it's slippery out there. It's a fantastic invention and something that's become the very cornerstone of Audi's brand identity. However, driving a quattro does not make you Walter Röhrl. There's something people seem to forget about four-wheel drive. If each wheel is fitted with an all-season/summer tyre, it'll be next to useless in proper ice and snow. You could have ten-wheel drive, but if none of the tyres can get a grip, you're stuffed.
Okay, you'll stand more chance of getting somewhere than your neighbour in his rear-wheel drive BMW 5-Series, but to really maximise the potential of quattro, you'll need cold weather or winter rubber. The higher silica content makes them softer and the tread design cuts through water and ice. It's double the impact too – winter tyres make a big difference on a 2WD car, but on an Audi quattro, they make a huge difference.
The recent cold snap was heralded as "Nirvana" for quattro drivers. My This month the Ed has been thinking about quattro drive and what it really means… Facebook feed was full of excited updates about loving quattro and looking forward to showing what it can do in the slippery conditions. And then it began.
Within a matter of hours, the first post appeared. It was a silver Mk1 TT, parked in a ditch. The front end had clearly taken a smack and the comment said it all, "Got a bit excited in the snow – thought quattro was supposed to help you out?!"
Well yes, up to a point. But it's not some magic device that can get you out of trouble if you drive like a knob. The following day, there was a post showing another poor Audi – this time a B5 S4 – with a large tree-shaped graze down the side. Oh dear.
The thing about four-wheel drive is that you rarely get any clue as to when the grip has run out. In fact, often, the first you know about it will be as you're spinning towards that field of confused looking sheep. With rear-drive or frontdrive cars you get an idea when the grip has run out – oversteer and understeer tend to give the game away early on and if you're lucky, you can correct it before it gets expensive. But with four-wheel drive, there's grip, grip, grip, and then – Oh shit! Of course if you're a bit of a driving god, then you'll be able to suss the limits of grip on a four-wheel drive car. It's the kind of stuff that our Finnish friends seem to have an innate ability to do. Let's face it, they spend half the year under a blanket of the white stuff, so you'd expect them to cope better than we do with our two days of snow when the UK comes to a standstill. That said, these guys aren't mincing around on summer tyres. They use studded rubber, which gives insane grip in otherwise treacherous conditions.
While we're on the subject, don't be fooled into thinking an R8 is some magic four-wheel drive supercar either. These things are set up with a 70-30 rear wheel bias, with quite puny looking driveshafts on the front. They are designed to be more tail happy, so it's very easy to come unstuck – especially in a highly tuned car.
So my advice is this: if you want to really blow your quattro trumpet, get some cold weather tyres fitted up. Then you can show other drivers what it's all about. Better that than posting pics of your Audi in a ditch...


text:
Kriti Sanon to perform at IPL closing ceremony
New Delhi [India], May 25 (ANI): Kriti Sanon, one of the actresses from the new talent, is going to perform live at the closing ceremony of the IPL.
This will be Kriti's second performance at the IPL, after her last season's opening ceremony performance.
Kriti, who recently completed four years in the industry, will trace her journey in Bollywood through her numbers at the event, scheduled to be held at Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai.
Her tracks will be from her films 'Heropanti', 'Raabta', 'Dilwale', and 'Bareilly Ki Barfi'.
On the career front, Kriti will be next seen in 'Arjun Patiala', 'Housefull 4', and 'Panipat'. (ANI)
Wankhede Stadium


Aakriti Highlands Space - A fabulous limited edition duplex project by Aakriti Highlands Township. Spacious Duplexes at affordable cost with amazing benefits, that's how we define our duplexes that come packed with the finest luxury and thoughtful architecture, giving you enough room to breathe in comfort. Living here will indeed be a matter of pride for you and your loved ones!


Finished the 2008 Buller Gorge Half Marathon Run in 02:09:05 in FOPEN class!
She came 94th in class and 721st overall!
No photos of KATIE SPICE in 2008 , we may still be uploading/processing, check back later.


Famous names, decorative fabrics: 'Textiles of the 20th Century' is a highly expressive pillow collection encompassing creations by some of the most renowned designers and architects of the modern era. Although each motif or pattern has a striking individual character, these Vitra pillows can be beautifully combined and used to enhance a wide variety of interior styles and different types of furniture. The premium-quality fabrics are made by the New York textile company Maharam.
The New York textile company Maharam produces fabrics of the highest quality. The 'Textiles of the 20th Century' pillow collection features patterns by some of the greatest architects and designers of the last century.


Soap the Rainbow Purple Week. While the Soap the Rainbow contest is over, the inspiration is not. Purple was the color to make your soap during the final week in Bramble Berry's Soap the Rainbow challenge. Bramble Berry offered the opportunity to make a different color soap each week and win some prizes. Check out our previous posts with details plus a feature on the color red HERE, orange HERE, yellow HERE, plus our two green soap tutorials for the sawblade technique for CP soap HERE and a mottled turtle shell design for MP soap HERE, and blue HERE. Participant's posted soap images on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram using the hashtag #soaptherainbow. You can still search for these inspirational designs using that hashtag.
You can find information and tutorials for purple soaps on the Soap Queen blog HERE. Zahida of Handmade in Florida, known for her lovely swirls, created this beautiful lavender soap for purple week with a touch of shimmering gold on top.
The video demonstration shown below explains the process Zahida used.
Below are some of my favorite purple soaps from the Soap the Rainbow challenge on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. There are many beautiful designs, and I can only choose a handful, so be sure to search for your own faves by using the hashtag #soaptherainbow.


MCA is a great school to attend. Compared to other art institution the tuition is fairly reasonable. Overall Memphis College of Arts is an excellent school.
MCA gives an individualized education. Great for people who prefer a small classroom and teachers that actually care about you. More conceptually based than most other art colleges.


A selection of our favourite packages and platters takes all the stress out of meeting planning.
Packages are priced per person. Minimum order 15 guests. Have a group of 10-14? Give us a call!
Contact our Catering Department at (613) 722-0093 for add ons and menu planning!
Monday to Friday, 9 am – 5 pm.


UVM's 186,000 sf student center houses a four-story atrium, pub/bistro, grocery, bookstore, ballroom, conference and meeting room, offices for the student associations and services, and loading dock, and terraces.
During construction efforts were made to use recycled and locally produced materials whenever possible. The building's 62,000 slate shingles were made in Fair Haven, Vt., and 65 percent of all materials were manufactured within 500 miles (three times the LEED requirement) and 92 % of all construction waste was re-used of recycled.
This building received LEED Gold Certification and the 2008 ACEC Grand Award for Excellence in Engineering.


text:
Tamalpais High School Alumni Association
Back to Tam Day
Class Reunion Schedule
Mead Theater Mosaics
Protecting Tam's Frontscape
The History and Vision of Tam High Alumni Association
Tamalpais High School, aka Tam Hi and pronounced "Tam-el-pie-is," is located in Mill Valley, California (just north of the Golden Gate Bridge). Tam began about 1907 to serve the refugee families of the San Francisco Earthquake. The first building is featured here and was built by administrators, teachers, and students. After a major renovation at the turn of the century, it stands proud and continues to serve Tam students for over 100 years.
Website Under Construction. If you can do it better, please raise your hand and lend a hand.
George Cagwin, '56, President
206 East Blithedale Avenue, Mill Valley CA 94941
Bill Sefton, '61
1st Vice President, Major Giving; Webmaster
P.O. Box 992, San Ramon, CA 94583-5992
Current Board Members:
George Cagwin, '56
Steve Bogel, '58
Jeff McCreary, '61
CJ Carrillo, '61
Sarah Rich White, '97
Matt Epstein, '97
Robert DeWalt, '63
The Tamalpais High School Alumni Association is an IRS recognized 501c(3) non-profit charitable organization. Our purpose is to continue and memorialize the great traditions and history that has made Tam consistently one of the top 500 high schools in the United States of America. eMail at backtotamday@sbcglobal.net
Donations should be mailed to: Tam Alumni Association, c/o Bill Sefton, CPA, P.O. Box 992, San Ramon, CA 94583-5992. Thank you!!!
© 2018 Tamalpais High School Alumni Association


text:
Manuela Ilie, née le 5 avril 1962, est une ancienne handballeuse roumaine, actuellement entraîneur.

Biographie

Ancienne joueuse de l'A.L. Bouillargues puis du HBC Nîmes à partir de 1994, elle prend la direction de l'équipe en 2005 après avoir passé ses diplômes d'entraîneur.

Elle a notamment remporté deux fois la coupe Challenge (C4) : en 2001 en tant que joueuse et en 2009 en tant qu'entraîneuse.

En 2012, elle est remplacée à la tête de Nîmes par Christophe Chagnard et s'occupe alors du centre de formation du club. Elle retrouve le terrain en prenant la tête de l'équipe réserve de Nîmes en . Elle intergre pour la saison 2016-2017 le Frontignan Thau Handball (N2F)

Palmarès joueuse
compétitions internationales
 vainqueur de la coupe Challenge (C4) en 2001
compétitions nationales
 championne de France de  en 1997
 finaliste de la coupe de France en 1999

Palmarès entraineur
compétitions internationales
 vainqueur de la coupe Challenge (C4) en 2009
compétitions nationales
 finaliste de la coupe de France en 2011
 finaliste de la coupe de la Ligue en 2010
distinctions individuelles
 meilleure entraîneur du championnat de France en 2008

Notes et références

Liens externes

Handballeuse roumaine
Entraîneur roumain de handball
Naissance en avril 1962
Joueuse du Sun A.L. Bouillargues
Joueuse du HBC Nîmes
Entraîneur français de handball