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A writer's take on #OscarsSoWhite
January 15, 2016 Ramsey Isler	Leave a comment
Yes, this is one more post about the lack of diversity in the Oscars. But, hopefully, this one will bring some perspective you haven't considered before.
Last night I engaged in a spirited debate on Reddit about the merits of the #OscarsSoWhite movement. I think I changed a lot of minds, judging by the number of upvotes. So I want to put those thoughts on a broader medium, and hopefully arm others with the points they can use to win their own arguments.
As a writer myself, I create casts of characters that reflect the world at large. Diversity is one of my main themes, because that is the world I see when I go outside and live in the rich metropolis that is LA. But, sadly, many creators here fail to translate these multicultural gifts into their work.
So we know there is a deeply disappointing lack of diversity in the Oscars again. But what's the cause? How do we fix it? Is this hashtag movement even doing anything?
Let's try to answer those questions by responding to the most common retorts to the movement.
Don't blame the Oscar voters; blame the industry
This ignores who the Oscar voters are; they ARE the industry. This isn't the press or fans voting. These are people who worked (or are currently working) in the industry. Top of their field. The Producers Guild of America (PGA) membership overlaps most with the Academy's. These are people who have the ability, resources, and influence to help get more minorities into film. They are the exact people you'd want to lobby.
And, unfortunately, they are overwhelmingly white (94%), old (62 and up), and male (74%).
Now, don't get me wrong, there's nothing wrong with being an old white guy. The world needs old white guys. But when such an important body that is supposedly curating the best film contributions of all groups is overwhelmingly comprised of just one group, it leads to a lack of diverse perspective that can appreciate a film or script or actor outside the Oscar "norm".
There weren't enough "black" movies out there that warranted nomination
Putting aside the problem with designating a movie as "black" or "white", this statement just isn't true.
Just a few of the critically lauded films with majority black casts that were eligible for Oscar noms:
Girlhood – French film, critically acclaimed (96% on RottenTomatoes), yet never made it to the conversation for best foreign language film (because France submitted Mustang, a similarly reviewed film about pale Turkish girls, unlike Girlhood which is all dark black girls. Just sayin').
And it's not just "black" movies here. It doesn't have to be black movies. Latinos and Asians do make movies too.
Me, Earl, and the Dying girl – diverse cast, won the Sundance Grand Jury Prize AND the Sundance Audience Award, directed by a Latino. No Oscar love.
Yeah, but those movies you mentioned didn't make a lot of money. Nobody saw them
I hear this argument often, and it's somewhat valid for the industry as a whole, however when it comes to the Oscars it falls apart for one simple reason:
It's only very recently that many Oscar nominated movies did well at the box office, and even today, a lot of them don't.
Take Birdman for instance. It was far, far from a box office smash. The only reason it did as well as it did was BECAUSE of the Oscar buzz. It was one of the lowest-grossing Best Picture winners ever.
The Artist grossed less than 50 mil in box office but it beat out The Help for Best Picture (which did very well, grossing 177.5 million, proving that black women can indeed bring in both money and award recognition if you cast them)
Children of Men? Nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay, Cinematography, and Editing. Ho hum at the box office (widely considered a commercial flop).
The Hurt Locker hadn't even cleared 15 million at the box office until the Oscar buzz started.
So it's safe to say a lot of people didn't see a lot of Oscar movies, or were even aware of them until they started getting Oscar buzz. And that's okay; the Oscars aren't supposed to be about who made the most money.
But a big part of the discrepancy that is very important in the spirit of #OscarsSoWhite is that movies without majority white casts aren't getting the "Oscar bump" that pulls them out of obscurity, like so many other movies got (including last year's best picture winner Birdman).
Yeah but black movies specifically don't make money unless they're stupid comedies and that's why the industry doesn't make them
Creed: 181 million box
Straight Outta Compton: 200 Million Box office
42: 97 million
The Butler: 116 million domestic alone
Okay, so what's the deal? Why aren't more minorities getting roles in these movies
This is the most important question, and there are many theories. Here's mine.
I live in LA (I can actually go outside, look up, and see the Hollywood sign), and I am dipping my toe into the screenwriting businesses. There is a strong culture of "default white". Meaning that UNLESS you very specifically make a character a certain ethnicity, the producers and casting directors will just default to white.
And it's not just me saying this. The ScriptNotes podcast (led by screenwriters John August and Craig Mazin) is arguably the most famous and influential podcast on Hollywood filmmaking. They covered this very problem in their 180th episode where they had guest Aline Brosh Mckenna (who wrote The Devil Wears Prada).
Quote from the transcript:
John: And I want to go back to something you said earlier. If you don't stipulate that a person is a certain — is not white –
Aline: Yes.
John: That person will be white. And that's the thing I sort of found again and again as you sort of go through the casting. So I do that thing what you talk about where I will deliberately give a person, you know, a Chinese last name so that they will look at Chinese actors for that part, because if you don't do that, the default just tends to become white.
That doesn't mean that casting directors are racist. In fact a lot of them are quite nice, open-minded people. But they're working in a world that has been traditionally white, largely because it was allowed to be that way for so long. Every art looks to what came before for inspiration, but in the case of Hollywood cinema the past was lily white because nobody else was allowed to play.
Additionally, a lot of these people grew up in WASPy environments with not a lot of diversity. So they stick to what they know, and everything ends up default white, until you challenge them on it.
Perhaps the best example I can think of here is the casting of Danny Glover in Lethal Weapon. Marion Dougherty, legendary casting director who blazed trails in her own right as a woman, read the Lethal Weapon script and talked with director Richard Donner. And the convo went something like this:
Marion: "What about Danny Glover?"
Donner: "But he's black!"
Marion: "So what, he's black. He can act. The script doesn't say anything about Murtaugh's race."
To his credit, Donner had an epiphany, questioned his own prejudices, and cast Glover (and became good friends with him). Donner talks about this in a speech he gave awarding Glover some award (I can't find it now, but it's in the great movie Casting By).
Moral of the story: nothing changes if we don't call it out consistently and vocally. Many times people aren't even really aware of what they're doing, or they're working off of outdated beliefs about what can work in the industry.
As long as we keep calling the industry out on it, things will change. We need more Marion Dougherty's.
*header image courtesy of Lee and Low books (blog.leeandlow.com)
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Movie Review: Ida
February 13, 2015 Ramsey Isler	Leave a comment
One of the Oscar categories that Americans routinely do not "get" is the Foreign Language film. Mainstream audiences typically hate subtitles, and they really hate stories they can't relate to. The cinema sensibilities of Europe, South America, and Asia don't always cleanly translate to those of us used to Hollywood structure, and Ida is sadly just the latest film fitting the trend. Ida is black and white, slow, takes place in Poland, and has very little music. For all those reasons, it was destined to be a movie not many people saw. But it is a beautiful film nonetheless, and one worth watching mainly because of its cinematography.
To be honest, I found it a little hard to watch Ida all the way through. At one hour and 22 minutes run-time it's not even a long movie, but its slow pace makes it feel like it's dragging along. Much of that is due to the film's remarkable lack of sound. There's little dialogue, and hardly any music. But this is not the kind of movie you watch for thrills and excitement.
Where Ida really shines is in its visual storytelling, but it doesn't use expensive CGI or rich colorful landscapes. Director Pawel Pawlikowski pulls off the amazing feat of making the ordinary look stunning. He takes simple, drab settings that most of us would not pay any attention to and he puts them in a different perspective that finds astonishing beauty in mundane surroundings.
I like directors who try to make their movies so beautiful that each shot is a work of art, and Ida is that kind of movie. From beginning to end, you can take a random moment in the film, print it, stick on the wall of an art exhibit, and pass it off as the work of a master photographer. That's what makes this film truly special. The story isn't much, and it's certainly not going to leave you with any good feelings when the end credits roll, but you will definitely remember the images which tell a story far behind the sparse words in the script.
This post is part of my Oscars 2015 series, where I review/discuss movies up for that coveted golden trophy. Check out the first post in the series, my review of Birdman
artcinemafilmmovie reviewMoviesOscars
Movie Review: Birdman
January 27, 2015 Ramsey Isler	3 Comments
I finally somehow created the time to see Birdman at an odd time on a weekday. I can see why it's getting so much recent award love. The first hour gave me a revealing and intimate perspective on the craft of acting that I haven't seen before. The second hour focuses on flawed people trying to deal with reality; an ironic tale of what's it like to try to have a real life when you're a professional pretender. I can see why some critics wouldn't be great fans of it, but I can also see why people in "the biz" love it. To really understand why the movie is suddenly gaining Oscar momentum for the coveted Best Picture award, you have to understand the interesting, insular town where all this voting is done.
I recently moved from the west side of LA to Hollywood, just a couple blocks away from the Dolby Theater where the Oscars will be held. Even before I made the move, there was a feeling that you just can't escape the movie business here. It permeates everything. Several true stories from my time here in LA:
Ran into Jamie Lee Curtis at the grocery store
Went to my mom's place and there was a film crew setting up shop outside
Overhead the manager at the Chipotle off Hollywood and Vine saying he actually went to (and finished) film school
Was walking home and a guy was on his cell phone encouraging the person on the other end of the line that yes, they really did have what it takes to be a showrunner
The last 3 items happened just in the past three days. This city breathes and bleeds the performing arts, and the basic building blocks of film and theater are the actors/actresses who make it all look like magic when it's actually often incredibly difficult and draining.
Although Birdman is set in New York's theater scene, the story has many Hollywood connections (the lead character is a former Hollywood star trying his hand at "important" work in theater, and trying to get other Hollywood actors on board but they're too busy). Actors are actors whether they're on a stage or a set. And the people who live and work with the actors are just as much a part of the process even though you never see them. Birdman is a genuine look at not only the process of professional make believe, but also the people who get ground up in the gears of the acting machine either directly or indirectly. Those voters at the Screen Actors Guild and Producers Guild and "The Academy" are all in "the biz". When they see this movie they probably see a part of their own lives, and sometimes it's in an unflattering light but it's always genuine.
Of course, Birdman has many other things going for it. The actors are fantastic. The script is punchy and surprising. The direction is outstanding and incredibly detailed. The approach of doing the film all in one big "single shot" sequence also makes the film seem simultaneously real and also surreal. And the driving drum beat in the background of the major scenes, while jarring at first, keeps the viewer alert and in the moment.
It is a skillfully crafted film, but its greatest strength in this award season is that it is a skillfully crafted film about the craft that all the voters have committed their lives to supporting in one way or another.
actingBirdmanMoviesOscar
2014: The year in storytelling
December 31, 2014 Ramsey Isler	Leave a comment
I'm a writer. I tell stories. So, much of my perspective of the world is through a lens focused on how we mere human beings reach for the divine through our fiction, the stories we tell of what might be instead of what is. While a popular thing to do this week is lament all the political and social strife that have left their mark on our minds and hearts, I want to take a moment to be a bit contrarian and talk about how 2014 was a great year for the art of storytelling.
Movies fell in love with science, and scientists
Interstellar, The Theory of Everything, and The Imitation Game sold audiences on hard science and engineering, and the very human stories behind the people who make it all happen. In a time when so many people feel that America is falling into an age of anti-intellectualism, this was a huge and welcome trend.
Comic book stories on the big and small screens aren't as much about superheroes; un-super heroes shone too
The comic book industry has long provided a treasure trove for the movie industry, but this year so a little departure from focus on the guys with crazy powers and focused on the heroes who can't fly, don't have super strength, and don't have healing factors. Gotham took Batman out of the Batman story and mostly focused on the crazy but fascinating crime drama of Gotham city, sticking to a simple formula of cops vs. robbers. Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D Season 2 mostly did away with the superhero stories from season 1 and focused on the human team and how they had to use tech, smarts, and guts to win the day. And the blockbuster comic movie of the year, Guardians of the Galaxy, stars a guy who is pretty much your average bro (despite being half alien).
The book industry didn't change much, which is maybe a good thing
Although we did see some big battles among publishers over digital distribution, and there were some experiments that may change the future of how people pay for books and how authors get paid, for the most part the year in fiction books was pretty similar to previous years, with young adult stories selling well but also big names like King, Grisham, and Murakami topping the charts. And we also saw the continuation of a trend that should surprise no one: movies sell books more than anything else.
As Variety notes:
Nine of the 10 top selling books of the year were tied into a film adaptation or film franchise of some kind, with various publications of John Green's "The Fault in Our Stars," first published in 2012, occupying three of the 10 slots. The success of Green's novel and its film adaptation, which earned more than $300 million in global box office this year, propelled his 2007 title "Looking for Alaska" into the tenth spot, marking the only standalone, non-film-related novel on the book list.
2014 saw some changes in the storytelling industry, and trends are starting to shift. But most important of all is the recognition that we DO still have a thriving storytelling industry that uses fiction to help us gain perspective on reality.
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Fantasy eBook sale – 14 books for a buck
It's the holidays, and that means publishers and authors (including me) are offering all kinds of crazy deals to get their books into brand new ereaders. Indie author Lindsay Buroker posted on her blog an epic fantasy ebook bundle sale that includes FOURTEEN fantasy novels. I just bought it myself, and it's a great way to discover a number of new authors and new books in one shot for a great price. You can find the bundle at the above link, and get it for Kindle, Nook, Kobo, and Apple
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Dance Central 3 keeps the hits coming
November 24, 2012 Ramsey Isler	Leave a comment
I love the Dance Central franchise. The dance video game genre has given console gaming an extra boost and built upon the casual gaming trend that the Wii started, but the cream of the crop is Dance Central 3. It's still the best showcase for the technology in the Kinect, and now it's also the latest platform for Usher to showcase his dance moves.
That's right, Usher wasn't satisfied with merely having his songs in the previous versions of Dance Central, he had to take it to the next level and actually be IN the game. As executive producer, he lent his voice to the games tutorial feature, added real choreography directly from his videos, and even jumped into the motion capture suit and imported his signature moves into the game. The result, along with all the lessons the development team learned from the previous two games, is a polished package that gets the sweat dripping and is without a doubt THE party game of this holiday season.
Also, it has the best video game commercial of the year:
Dance Centralushervideo games
The Politics of Marvel's Gods
May 11, 2012 Ramsey Isler	Leave a comment
The Avengers is a great movie, with great writing. But one character in it poses a bit of a political problem for Marvel: Thor, the god of Thunder. Religion is a big deal in most parts of the world, and having a character who represents godhood requires some careful maneuvering to avoid touching some sensitive nerves.
Ever since Marvel introduced Thor in 1962, they've been careful about portraying their "gods". Thor and his Asgardian kin are seen as merely an alien race with advanced technology (insert Clarke quote about advanced technology = magic), and certain superhuman traits which aren't all that remarkable in comparison to other amazing superheroes like The Hulk. Last year's Thor movie went to great lengths to explain Thor's world in a technological context instead of mystical, and in The Avengers there are several jabs at Thor's godhood including Tony Stark calling him a "demi-god", and good old Captain America, wearing the stars and stripes, proclaiming that "there's only one god". Thor and others like him were simply worshipped as gods by ancient peoples who didn't know their true nature. This approach works for outdated mythology and gods no living person really believes in anymore, but what happens when Marvel's modern mythology makes light of currently practiced religion?
It happened…in November 1980.
Marvel got themselves into a tiny bit of trouble when they messed with Shiva in Thor I #301. Shiva is seen as one of the three Supreme Gods in Hinduism (along with Vishnu and Brahma), and has five important roles: creator, preserver, destroyer, concealer, and revealer. Those powers apparently sounded so awesome to a writer at Marvel that they decided to create a comic where Thor did battle with Shiva. You'd think that Shiva being Shiva would've given him the upper hand, but nope…Shiva was getting his ass beat and offered up a truce. This offended Hindu readers who wrote angry letters, but not because Shiva was in there in the first place (Vishnu and Brahma appeared too). They were angry because Shiva didn't win! Marvel later fixed the problem by retconning and saying that it wasn't Shiva after all, but Indra (an older Vedic thunder god that no one worships anymore) posing as Shiva. Problem solved!
Shiva has since made other appearances in Thor comics, but not in battle. Marvel apparently learned their lesson on that one.
Marvel has of course dabbled in Christian themes too, with Johnny Blaze becoming Ghost Rider from a deal with a devil-like being who may or may not be Satan. Hardcore Christians have been complaining about that for years, but since the devil is never portrayed in a positive light, Marvel has never gotten into too much trouble for having him around. But Marvel have shied away from Jesus and most references to the god of Abraham. There are a few obscure mentions here and there, but for the most part they've been really good about not crossing that line in the comics.
When it comes to gods in the movies, Marvel has been extra cautious to put them in a place that won't offend the Christian majority. In The Avengers, Iron Man does remarkably well against Thor, even though in comic book battles Thor has either won easily or Iron Man needed help from Asgardian tech (see Thorbuster armor). Captain America even stands toe-to-toe with Thor and comes out favorably. While Cap's shield is well-established as being near-indestructible, a single bolt of lightning from Mjolnir would make Cap extra crispy – but we can't have America Incarnate being bested by a Scandinavian myth, right?
I will watch with great amusement and curiosity as Marvel's comic tales continue to be converted into mass-market films. As we delve deeper into the history of the Avengers and characters like Thor, Thanos, and the Asgardians, many other god-like beings come into play, including Eternity who literally is the living embodiment of all that lives in the universe. The relatively small number of comic book readers out there are used to this, but it would be interesting to see how the religious world at large would react to this alternate portrayal of our world where "god" is really just a matter of perspective.
MarvelMoviesReligionThor
TV Cancellation Logic
It's that time of year again: time for the TV networks to decide what stays and what goes, while they introduce their upcoming shows. It's often a tough period for die-hard TV fans, who oftentimes feel their favorite series was treated unfairly or mismanaged, but a lot of different factors go into the decisions. Contrary to popular belief, there aren't vindictive TV executives out there that love to crush the spirits of TV fans.
First, let me plug IGN's 2001 TV Show Obituary List. It's a comprehensive list of all the network shows that are dead, Jim. If you haven't been following all the cancellation news, that's the place to go.
This year, FOX once again cut a lot of shows from their catalog. As usual, some fan favorites got the axe, including Lie to Me and Breaking In. IGN TV Editor Eric Goldman has a great blog post on how FOX shouldn't be blamed for canceling shows, but praised for taking chances on them in the first place. As Goldman wrote:
I see some people inferring that FOX has some bizarre, specific agenda to greenlight interesting/cool series and then quickly cancel them, which is pretty silly. Instead, it's notable that FOX continues to greenlight interesting/cool series.
I have to agree with him – FOX pushes the edge a lot more than most networks, but sometimes the shows just don't pull in enough money.
And that's where the ratings come in. The common outcry these days is something like, "The rating system is outdated! They don't factor in online views or DVRs!" But actually they do (as best they can, at least). The problem is, the advertising revenue isn't the same for all those platforms. I highly recommend this very informative blog post ("The Truth About TV Ratings) by Craig Engler, VP of Digital at the SyFy network. Here's a great excerpt:
If you add up all the money you get selling ads in live and DVR viewing and stack that against all the money you bring in through every other kind of viewing method, you'd probably be lucky to get $1 in online revenue for the same number of views that would bring in $10 on TV. […] To look at it another way, if you add the income from 1 million TV viewers and 1 million online viewers, it gives you the same income as 1.1 million TV viewers would.
Despite the Netizens feeling like online viewing should weigh in heavily in a network's decision to cancel a show, the money is still coming from TV, and if those numbers aren't up to snuff, a series can't survive. It will be interesting to see how advertisers change their pricing structures as online and mobile viewing continues to become more popular.
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Michael Jackson on Kinect
April 13, 2011 Ramsey Isler	Leave a comment
Today marks the official release of Michael Jackson: The Experience for XBOX 360 Kinect. The game has been fairly popular on the Wii for a while now, but the motion capture system of the Kinect promised to make the gameplay even more entertaining.
Sadly, the early reviews indicate the game may not be as awesome as I was hoping.
I've always been a big fan of MJ's art. Where would we be without his influence? Contemporary artists like Justin Timberlake, Usher, and Chris Brown made their careers by emulating him. I was hoping that the Kinect version, with its brilliant motion capture system, could bring a true MJ emulation experience to living rooms across the country, especially with the successful Dance Central (a game that I regularly kick ass at) as a template. Months ago, I expressed my excitement about the game to a friend. The conversation went something like this:
Me: Michael Jackson dance game coming to the Kinect! Hee Hee! Shomone!
Friend: Yeah…but look at who the publisher is. It's Ubisoft. They're gonna screw it up.
The game just came out so there's no consensus on its quality yet, but early reviews from GameInformer and customer reviews on the Amazon sales page would indicate my friend was right. Ubisoft took a brilliant opportunity to produce one of the greatest games on the Kinect platform, and came up a bit short.
At the moment, you can get the game for $10 less at Amazon. So far the reviews say that while the game is disappointing, it's still a fun way to kill some time and shake your groove thing in the comfort of your home. And if you're a Michael Jackson fan, there's plenty to love, even if the gameplay might not be the best. I may or may not get the game for myself, but if I do I'll be sure to post a thorough review.
Dance CentralKinectMichael JacksonUbisoftXBOX 360


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Hi everyone new member here from RI. . I'm going to try salt water fishing. Great site hope too learn a lot.
Did you just move here?
Welcome! Most of us rocket scientists can get our profile picture straight...then there's Guppy..


text:
Rebecca Kabugho, née le  à Goma, est une militante politique congolaise, membre du principal mouvement citoyen de la RDC, Lutte pour le changement (LUCHA), arrêtée en  pour avoir manifesté pour l'organisation d'élections dans son pays. Elle est, à l'âge de 22 ans, la plus jeune prisonnière politique au monde.

Le , elle reçoit de la première dame des États-Unis Melania Trump et du sous-secrétaire d'État aux affaires politiques Thomas A. Shannon, le prix international de la femme de courage.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Lien externe

Lauréate du prix international de la femme de courage
Militante
Prisonnier politique de la république démocratique du Congo
Prisonnier politique du XXIe siècle
Personnalité féminine congolaise (RDC)
Naissance en septembre 1994
Naissance au Zaïre
Naissance à Goma

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The CDN is a network of post graduate education programs in cooperation and development whose aim is to train professionals on different issues about economics, cooperation and human development. The different programs involve international students coming from different academic and social backgrounds.
Development is a multi-faced phenomenon. The CDN provides the participants with the opportunity to achieve the highest professional standards in interpreting and managing the complexities of the dynamics of the development processes. But how?
The CDN training is focused on a multidisciplinary approach to development and combines academic disciplines such as economics, history and human studies.
Thanks to a long-term partnership development professionals from NGOs and International Organizations offer a wide range of theoretical and practical experiences of project management.
Field experience is an essential aspect in understanding development; a period of internship is thus considered a major component within the Program.
Cooperation is not just about aid it is about sharing experiences. Within the CDN public and private institutions work together.
But the core value is the empowerment of people and capacity building of Developing Countries Institutions, thus promoting local ownership.
The treasure of CDN is the joint training and research activities among all the partners.
The University of Pavia is one of the oldest universities in Europe. Characterized by a multidisciplinary vocation and by the hospitality of its campus. It defines itself as a Research University, offering wide academic curriculum and an outstanding quality of research.
Following an agreement between the italian Ministry of Higher Education and the University of Pavia in 1997 the IUSS, the Institute for Advanced Study of Pavia was founded with the aim of introducing advanced programs following an interdisciplinary approach, at undergraduate and graduates levels.
Within the University of Pavia, the Centre for International Cooperation with Developing Countries – CICOPS has been established in 1987 to promote co-operation with Developing Countries and stimulate relations between the University of Pavia and the Universities of Developing Countries.
Established in 2009 the Consortium promotes activities aiming at improving, at international level, the quality of higher and post graduate education in international cooperation and development.
The International Committee for the Development of Peoples, is a European Non-Governmental Organization formally established in 1983. CISP acts in the international cooperation field and in the fight against social exclusion. CISP carries out development, rehabilitation and humanitarian programmes as well as projects of applied research in about 30 countries in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia, and Eastern Europe. In all its activities, CISP works in close cooperation with the various local partners.
Bethlehem University of the Holy Land is a Catholic Christian co-educational institution of higher learning founded in 1973 in the Lasallian tradition whose mission includes also to provide quality higher education in the field of cooperation and development and to serve the Palestinian People in its role as a center for the advancement, sharing and use of knowledge.
The University of San Buenaventura is based in Bogotá and has branches in Cali, Medellín and Cartagena. The University of San Buenaventura is a catholic, Franciscan University institution which develops scientific knowledge centred in human development.
Located in Birendranagar, in the very heart of the Mid-Western Region (MWR), the University has a special mission to promote the overall advancement of this region by providing the community with quality higher education and promoting a culture of teaching, scholarship and research. By catering to the higher education needs of the youth in the region, the University aims at serving as a means of development for the whole Mid-Western Development Region and bringing about a significant change on the education system of the largest geographical region of the country.
Kenyatta University is based in Nairobi and reached the University status in 1985. The University offers nowadays a number of different faculties and constituent colleges.


Whoops! Once again, the dreaded Bottle Backlog CANbined with a lack of an approved pic caused this one to fall out of the rotation. My thanks to the Conshohocken brewers & owners for providing me with CANs for inclusion in The CANQuest (tm)! I hope to run through a bunch of them today. This should be a good time.
From the CAN: "Go Where the Path Takes You"; "La Colombe Tandem breaks the mold of traditional coffee beers. We worked (in tandem) with our good friends at La Colombe to design a beer that showcases the unique coffee flavor characteristics of its Ethiopian origin. Hand crafted with Belgian yeast,La Colombe Tandem has a full, creamy mouthfeel, coffee and hop-derived fruity and floral flavors, and is packed with coffee all at the same time. Hard to define, but easy to drink."
I am working in CANdem with CANshohocken B.C. to do this review! Oh, boy. As soon as I CANducted the Crack!, I got some foaming action coming through the vent. I allowed it to calm before CANducting the gentlest of Glugs, but I still produced two fingers of foamy, light-tan head that fell rather quickly. Color was an oh-so-slightly hazy Deep Amber/Light Copper to Copper (SRM = > 13, < 17). Nose was an odd mélange of coffee (definitely coffee) plus a yeast-driven mustiness. It was like my morning coffee had been spilled on a bundle of old newspapers from the attic. Mouthfeel was medium. The taste left no doubt that coffee had been utilized in its production! It was like iced coffee infused with ... old newspapers? Is that fair? It makes it sound awful, but I liked it, if for no other reason that the idea that it was so different. I had it shortly after my morning coffee, so it was a fitting time of day, but I am not so sure I would have liked it at any other time. The finish was semi-dry since I never think of coffee as dry and that was the prevalent flavor. I see that it was only brewed once and is now retired, so it may have been a novelty, but one that I am glad that I got to try.
I appreciated tenderbranson69 gifting me with this can -enjoyed chilled in a tulip.
The color is golden amber with thick haze and white head with very fine bead with lace that sticks to the glass. The smell is phenolic on entry with yeasty odor and earthy almost woody smell with light spice elment-not a typical coffee augmented scent. The feel is lightly spicy with dry texture and medium bitterness increases with medium body and medium carbonation with a slight bitter and semi-dry finish.
The taste begins with a tangy mineral yeast and lightly acidic taste either from hops or coffee not sure which, but coffee does not stand out in the taste. The flavor of hops have an herbal quality with light yeast presence intermingled and slight nuttiness of the coffee presenting itself with a dry almost toasted quality. The combination of coffee and hops conflicts slightly with a yeast flavor continuing into the finish. Overall I consider this an interesting beer I would drink again and coffee is not traditional in the roasty aspect but there is a citrus flavor that blends with the hops and adds to the complexity from the African beans.
16 oz can poured into a pub-style pint glass.
Lightly hazy amber with 1 finger of off-white head. Great retention with light carbonation.
Caramel, brown sugar, plug, grape, and sourdough bread.
Sourdough bread, caramel, brown sugar, tobacco, and earth. Hints of dark fruit; red grape and black plum. Hints of light roast coffee bean and cacao. Light touches of potpourri, dried hay, and florals.
Medium bodied, smooth, and semi-dry with a medium-light bitterness.
A good Belgian Amber with a subtle coffee presence. A refreshing departure from the usual coffee fair.
16 oz. can poured into a tulip.
A- Chestnut, hazy. Cream-colored head is dense and creamy. Decent lacing, but the head retention isn't great.
S- Nutty, almost peanut butter. Belgian yeast spice. Coffee adds some roasty notes.
T- Nutty, some dark fruit notes. Belgian yeast isn't as prominent as in the aroma. Roast is still there.
M- Bittersweet. There's a sweetness, with some roasty finish. Medium body, and low carbonation.
O- Mixed feelings about this one. I really love the subtle coffee (not overbearing, like a lot of coffee beers) but the Belgian style seems to get lost here.


Choose your vacation to one of the newest resort destinations- Punta Cana located in the Dominican Republic. Punta Cana offers terrific value at a wide variety of All-Inclusive resorts where your meals, drinks, entertainment, and non-motorized sports like kayaking, snorkeling and more are all included for one price- no extras, no dipping into your wallet! Your vacation is only a plane ride away once you have chosen which resorts fill your dreams.
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At the age of 39, Corey Flaska has been involved in Real Estate for over 29 years. At the age of 10 he began painting and remodeling his dad's rentals, to the age of 20 when he moved to NYC to become an Actor. He learned the ropes of rentals in the most competitive real estate market in the world, New York City. At 27 years old he moved to Hollywood, California where he often found himself standing in and admiring 35 million dollar homes. Today, he continues a long line of history in the construction business following his great grandfather's construction business and his grandparent's concrete company Leelanau Redi Mix. He started Leelanau Construction with the goal in mind to build your dream house at competitive prices.


GREENKING is with vast industry experience and expertise in this domain makes us accomplished of as long as clients with an upgrade variety of Disc Ploughs. Manufactured & urbanized to plough tough soil circumstances, these well-organized ploughs have become the on the entire preferred choice of farmers across the world. These disc ploughs are long-awaited for their corrosion & abrasion confrontation and long practical life.


You may have heard the story about siblings in Ottawa who won an Airbnb contest to sleep in Dracula's castle on Halloween night last year. They were the first two people in 70 years to sleep in coffins at the infamous Bran Castle in Transylvania, Romania. Of course not all of us will get the chance to visit the castle of Vlad the Impaler, the brutal Prince who believed to have stayed there and who likely inspired Bram Stoker's Dracula novel. But, there are some places right here in Canada that you can visit this Halloween if you're into getting scared. Many may not know, but Canada is actually very rich with ghost stories and tales of the supernatural. I've made a list of five allegedly haunted places in Canada that I think would be interesting to visit.
This place was built in 1862 and it actually used to house criminals. There were many reports of inhumane living conditions, torture, and disease. Even children were said to have been in prison here for committing crimes of theft. Public hangings were very popular at the prison. One famous incident was when a man by the name of Patrick Whelan was hanged on February 11th 1869 for allegedly murdering Thomas D'Arcy McGhee, who was one of the Fathers of Confederation. Around 5000 people watched him die during the 11th hour. It's said that he still haunts the building because Whelan still proclaims his innocence.
This abandoned railway tunnel was built just before the outbreak of World War I and because there wasn't any money left to fix it, plans were stalled and now we're just left with an unused tunnel. Legend says that a little girl was burned alive in the tunnel by her psychopathic father who had just lost custody of her and burned their house down. It's said that if you stand in the middle of the tunnel at night and light a wooden match, you'll hear the girl scream when the flame goes out. People also believe that the father still haunts the area too and if he ever reaches someone in the tunnel they will instantly die.
It is said that a woman by the name of Jane Riley in the 19th century committed suicide here when she fell 120 feet to the bottom of the gorge and was found September 4th 1915. She killed herself after she found her lover Joseph wrapped in the arms of the Town's prostitute. People who visit the area say that they can hear silent sobs at the bottom of the gorge during moonlit nights.
On its website, it says the pen is Canada's oldest and most notorious maximum security prisons. It was built in 1832 and it closed in 2013. You can actually take tours of the building where you can learn about the historic, architectural and criminological components of the building. There's also a chance to have an informal conversation with the retired Correctional Service Canada staff.
This hotel is rumored to be one of the most haunted in Canada. It was built in 1888 by the Canadian Pacific Railway. People have sited many ghosts like a murdered family in room 873, a bride who died after falling down the hotel's marble staircase, and a retired head bellman who haunts the hotel dressed in full uniform.
References: Readers Digest, Hamilton Ghost Walks, Kingston Penitentiary, and Creepy Canada.


As companies begin adopting more digital solutions for a larger goal, they enter the present and active stage of transformation. Although still inconsistent, there is now larger importance on compiling and reviewing customer needs while expanding social awareness of the company. Very early planning stages may also start to be discussed with a goal of improving and simplifying business processes and customer touchpoints through IT outsourcing companies.


text:
Elecciones presidenciales se celebraron en Montenegro el 7 de abril de 2013. El presidente en ejercicio Filip Vujanović del Partido de los Socialistas Democráticos de Montenegro (DPS) se enfrentó al independiente Miodrag Lekić, candidato común respaldado por la oposición.

El 8 de abril de 2013, el presidente de la Comisión Electoral Ivan Kalezić anunció la victoria de Vujanović con el 51,2% de los votos. Los representantes de la campaña de Lekić anunciaron que no reconocerían los resultados y presentaron una solicitud para la realización de un recuento en todos los municipios. Lekić se adjudicó la victoria y comparó la victoria de Vujanovic con un "golpe de Estado".

Resultados

Referencias

Montenegro
Montenegro en 2013
2013


I was young when I first read A.A. Milne's books, Winnie-the-Pooh and The House at Pooh Corner. So young, in fact, that I didn't notice his playful capitalization, giving proper names to Very Important Things. I also failed to notice any family resemblance between elephants and heffalumps, or between haycorns and acorns.
Fortunately, I was also young enough to be mentally flexible. For heffalumps my imagination supplied monsters like the big purple ogre from Bill Peet's Cowardly Clyde. And the illustrations showed me haycorns were not grassy field corn, but nuts. So I read on, beguiled by Millne's rollicking narration.
I wish I had this marvelous perspective on all of life, but I am grateful that at least Milne (and brilliant illustrator E. H. Shepard) have saved me from losing my childlike wonder at the changing seasons, weather, and especially rainstorms.
When I step out into the gusty rain to walk to work with my umbrella, I feel kinship with Christopher Robin, going out in the morning to measure the rising flood, and sailing in his umbrella to rescue Piglet, who is Entirely Surrounded By Water. I cannot escape the sense that there is Potential in all this wet – a chance to live for a day on a real island, maybe, or to sail down great rivers of storm runoff, leading to friendly harbors.
Of course, I know my walk will be entirely prosaic. I will reach work safely, and I can tell from my grown-up height that the rising waters are only inch-deep rivulets, soon to be captured by the storm drain. But thanks to Pooh, I really hear their gurgling rush, and I see the threat of dark sea-skies in the pattering grey rainfall. And because of this I find myself thankful to the Inventor of spring storms, smiling and warm inside while properly grown-up co-workers arrive gloomy and damp.
Spring, summer, autumn, winter – Milne limned the adventure lurking in each season; the (deliciously) eerie portents in things like snowy footprints. I love that the key to this hidden world is the simple-mindedness of his characters. I love how Christopher Robin's unconditional love makes a Bear With Very Little Brain into someone heroic, even beautiful. And I appreciate how that same love makes Pooh's prickly, obsessive-compulsive, neurotic, and obnoxious friends all loveable.
Share A. A. Milne's original Winnie-the-Pooh with your kids. It will nourish them like A Little Something Before Dinner, sweetened with honey.
Parents who would like to share these wonderful adventures with their young children may like to consider purchasing the BBC's audio version of the book. Alan Bennett, a British radio journalist reads it unabridged, and does the most wonderful voices for each of the characters – imitating Eeyore in gloomy moments still helps bring perspective.
Judy – Thanks! I did not know the audio existed. That's going on the list to buy for the next family trip.
I grew up on Pooh as well, and we've already been through both books a couple times with our kids (and I always cry a little at the end of The House at Pooh Corner). This summer we discovered a lovely audio version with a little dramatization–various voices and some sound effects. The kids want it on every time we drive somewhere and it kept me awake on a recent road trip. I am continually stirred to laughter, caught by he picture of clouds playing hide-and- seek with the sun, and amazed vpby the humanity of Pooh and Eeyore. Love them!
Is it the BBC version Judy mentioned, or another?


I wondered if anyone could give me some advice, Martin has been told he needs to use niv overnight. The problem we have is he has no speech and little use of arms and legs, so if he needs repositioning during the night he grunts and I go and move him, when he has his mask on he cannot make any noise so we are not sure what he can do to alert me.
The other problem is martin could not remove is mask at all and the respiratory nurse told us it would be better to have waking carers every night, we have Marie Curie sitters for 2 nights but what can we do for the other five, I would find it impossible as martin needs a lot of help during the day. We have chc carers for 1 hour in the morning and ten minutes at night just to get Martin into bed, would they provide night care as well?
Would really appreciate your opinions on this.
If he's any hand or foot movement, a wireless doorbell could be an option, or place it by his head. I am not talking about a push button bell, but one with a large area with which to make contact - maybe with his heel, whole hand etc.?
Failing these, it's worth asking Martin's OT for possible solutions.
Sorry, I can't help you with the night sitters, hopefully others can, only to say it's definitely worth asking for them.
- on the Mnda website, Information about Ventilation (info about NIV in Section 3 - further to the respiratory nurse's advice about the need for waking carers, there is some info about this issue at the end of page 5).
As Martin is already receiving CHC, there should be a way of getting this reviewed so that the provision of his care can be increased, if necessary. According to the NHS guidelines, a patient's CHC should be reviewed within the first three months, and at least annually after that.
As Martin needs carers at night-time (so that he can use his NIV safely etc), hopefully there will be a strong enough case for his CHC to be increased, so that it covers the provision of carers every night.
I don't know who you need to contact about getting Martin's CHC reviewed, but perhaps his MND nurse or GP would know (or possibly phone the MND Connect helpline for advice).
Good luck with getting the night cover that he needs.
Last edited by Kayleigh; 9th February 2019 at 20:16.
Thank you for your thoughts and advice, this is very helpful. We are seeing the district nurse tomorrow and will ask er about night time carers. Lots of Love, Linda.
Hopefully getting CHC increased to include night cover won't be very complicated or time consuming to do. It's good to hear that you are seeing the district nurse tomorrow, as hopefully she/he will be able to help with getting night carers provided for Martin, as soon as possible.
Last edited by Kayleigh; 13th February 2019 at 16:46.


Lowry Outlet in Manchester is adding Regatta and Baggage Factory to its line-up in time for the busy festive and winter sale period.
Both stores will be open this month at the waterside location of Salford Quays in the heart of MediaCityUK.
Regatta will sell a range of outdoor clothing, footwear and equipment from brands such as Craghoppers and Dare2b. The store will be Regatta's 22nd outlet in the UK.
Meanwhile, Baggage Factory will open its 11th UK store at the centre and will sell a range of luggage and travel accessories.
Lowry Outlet's current line-up includes the likes of M&S, Next, GAP, Molton Brown, Yankee Candle and Clarks.


text:
Grandview Moment in Time
The Standard Oil Co. Ohio purchased the lot at the southeast corner of Fifth Avenue and Cambridge Boulevard in Marble Cliff in the early 1920s.
The company constructed this innovative station in the Tudor architectural style in 1926 and operated it for nearly 50 years.
The design of the building, with the multiple repair bays and drive-through pumping bay, was a major variation from the smaller stations that existed before the emergence of Standard Oil as a dominant player in the gas and oil retail industry.
In 1975, the station closed and the building was purchased by C-G Realty and renovated as a commercial office and retail space.
In 1985, it was purchased by Barbara Lach, according to the Franklin County auditor.
The main building now is home to the Cambridge Tea House, which opened in 2009.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
MicroProse and iEntertainment Network Inc. Announce Co-Publishing of WarBirds 2020, Online Combat Flight Simulation
Business Wire February 20, 2019
CARY, N.C.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--
iEntertainment Network Inc. (IENT) and MicroProse announce agreement for Development and Co-Publishing of the new WarBirds 2020 World War II flight simulation that has been successfully entertaining millions on virtual online pilots since 1995.
MicroProse was a world-famous simulation software company known for such successful simulation games as Falcon, F-15 Strike Eagle, F-19 Stealth Fighter, Gunship, and many more sim products that sold millions of copies each at retail.
CEO David Lagettie of MicroProse says, "I am excited to work with iEntertainment Network CEO and Co-Founder of MicroProse, 'Wild Bill' Stealey, to produce the next generation of WarBirds 2020 WW II combat flight simulation using new modern technology and promoting worldwide."
Wild Bill Stealey says, "It will be fun to be working with MicroProse again to do great simulation games! We are very excited to be partnering with David and his team to update our very successful WarBirds 2020 product for WW II combat simulation fans around the world."
WarBirds 2020 FEATURES
Launching for PC/Mac computers fall 2019.
Mobile and game system versions to launch in 2020.
Brand new graphics system using the Unreal 4 engine.
High Detail Cockpits and Aircraft.
New technology to map actual physical locations for more realistic simulation.
Regular Historical Events are held monthly over large geographical areas like Europe, Japan, and not the small area skirmishes of many other sim games.
About - MicroProse, an American video game publisher and developer founded in 1982. MicroProse developed and published numerous games, many of which are regarded as groundbreaking, classics and cult titles, including starting the Falcon Series, F15 Strike Eagle 1-2-3, Silent Service, Civilization and X-COM series and many more classics. Most of the internally developed titles were vehicle-based simulation and strategy games. MicroProse Worldwide is now developing the next generation of simulation-based games.
About - iEntertainment Network Inc., founded by JW "Wild Bill" Stealey, Lt. Colonel, USAF Retired, Co-Founder of the original MicroProse Software with Sid Meier, publishes online and mobile games worldwide. IENT staff has developed more than 250 successful games.
• WarBirds 2019 Video
• WarBirds 2019 Download
Twitter tension: Sen. Harris calls on Twitter to suspend Trump's account
Boeing considers halting production of 737 max


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When I wrote my 140 character review of this film I rated it a 1/9. If you've read my Ratings in a Nutshell you already know a rating of 1 has special meaning.
I've read countless reviews of this film and it's called a black comedy, or compared to the Book of Job, and other inane characterizations. Frankly, I think it's pretty stupid. There's not much that's funny about it, there is no discernible point to it, and I felt nothing for the characters. See In Bruges (2008) if you want to watch a black comedy. This is just a story about a guy whose life, at every turn, goes wrong. The only thing remotely comical about it is his relationship with his wife's boy friend and their interactions. To put the icing on the cake, it has a "non-ending." You can read anything you want into the ending, but in my opinion it's just a way to take a film that's going nowhere and ending it "nowhere." I understand how meaningful the ending might be to those who love this film, but to my mind the ending is just as pretentious as the rest of film.
The Coen's have written and directed some extraordinary films. Let's just call this one a mistake.


text:
LightSail - космічний апарат, складається з чотирьох сонячних вітрил трикутної форми і трьох супутників CubeSat. LightSail був запущений 20 травня 2015 за допомогою ракети-носія Atlas V. Разом з ним на орбіту були відправлені ще сім супутників CubeSat, а також корабель ВПС США Boeing X-37.

Передбачається, що супутник буде приводитися в рух під дією тиску сонячного вітрила, загальна площа якого, виготовленого з майлару, дорівнює 32 квадратним метрам.

Джерела
 Космический аппарат LightSail готовят к развертыванию солнечных парусов

Див. також
 Список космічних запусків 2015 року
CubeSat


1994-08-04 Application filed by Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. filed Critical Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc.
A repeater for improving a RAKE receiving effect. A signal received from a base station passes in parallel through a first path including a first delay element, and a second path not including a delay delement, and is sent to a mobile station. A signal received from the mobile station passes in parallel through a third path including a second delay element, and a fourth path not including a delay element, and is sent to the base station. The delay time for the delay elements is set to be longer than one chip time for a diffusion code. Consequently, a resoluble multiple wave is generated forcibly in a RAKE receiver. In the RAKE receiver, the amplitude of a desired wave component alone is estimated with respect to each delay wave. With reference to this amplitude, the weighing of each delay wave component from a detector is done, and the weighed signals are synthesized and subjected to code judgement.
In CD A (C ode D ivision Mu ltiple Ac cess) scan Bae-vector spread communication system such as, usually, carried out a plurality of times of modulation at the transmitting side, performing a plurality of times of demodulation corresponding thereto in the receiving side, It performs transmission of the information code. Ie, the sender, the primary modulation wave information code obtained by modulation, and more at P SK, by secondary modulation with a spreading code, such as high-speed pseudo random code, information code a wide circumferential and transmits the spread in frequency band. On the other hand, the receiving side using the spreading code which is identical and synchronized with the transmitting side, by despreading the received signal (secondary demodulation), inverse converts the received signal of a wide frequency band range in the band of information code after further performed to primary demodulating corresponding to primary modulation, to restore the original information symbols.
When applying such spread spectrum communication system in mobile communication, signals transmitted from the base station and move station receives reflected by an obstacle such as a building existing in the transmission path. Therefore, this signal is received as a multipath, each elementary waves constituting it (delayed wave) arrives at different times from one another. This is because the delay time of the transmission path of each delay wave is different. Delay time dispersion in the transmission line is, the greater than between one code at the spread code (1 chip time), at the receiving side, the variation of the delay wave components extracted by the chip time spacing, be treated as uncorrelated can. In other words, the amplitude and phase of each delayed wave component indicates an independent variation. Therefore, it was synthesized together these separate phases of the delayed wave component, selecting the one of the maximum amplitude, it is possible to increase the average received level. This is the well-known RAKE reception, by a path diversity reception effect can be expected to improve the transmission characteristics.
Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional spectrum expansion 1¾1 signal receiver which performs path diversity reception (RAKE reception). In Figure 1, 1- 1~1- N is correlators. Correlator 1 _k (k = l~N) receives a scan Bae-vector spread signal 100 pilot signal is inserted, using the same spreading code, performs despreading for each delayed wave. Here, the pilot signal, is that of Den ^ & measurement signal (sounder). The output of the correlator 1-k is supplied to the detector 2-k to perform detection for each delayed wave. The output of the detector 2-k is supplied to the weighting circuit 3- k and a power detector 4-k. The power detector 4-k detects power for each delayed wave component, a coefficient weighting circuit 3- k. Each signal weighting is made if the composition circuit 5. The combined signal is sent to the code decision circuit 6, the code is determined. Here, when the weighting using a Te base to the output of the power detector 4-k, a maximum ratio combining diversity, by selecting only the most power larger detection signals, selecting Diba - a cytidine.
However, the conventional scan Bae-vector spread communication system, there has been a the following drawbacks.
(1) In the above configuration for independently detecting each delayed wave, the signal-to-noise power ratio of the delayed wave (SNR), or the signal-to-interference power ratio (SIR) low, the operation of the detector is not It becomes stable.
(2) In the spread spectrum communication, because the SIR is larger fluctuation for each information code, even if the weighted by the received signal power, not be optimum synthesis. Therefore, no sufficient diversity effect is obtained.
(3) In cellular mobile communication, by arranging a plurality of amitotic fountain base station, but covering a wide service area, such as in a tunnel in the service area, weak reception electric field, the communication there is a place where quality is degraded. In a place like this, it can not be carried out communication. Such dead spots measures, but Ru method have to install a new base station, the apparatus of the base station, due to the large scale, not economical.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a relay apparatus of the scan Bae-vector spread mobile communication that can be while ensuring excellent characteristics of the original C DMA, to improve the communication quality of the shadow area and the Eria for the purpose.
Also, for each delay wave component, and to provide a stable detection characteristic and scan Bae-vector spread communication receiver can with this to perform optimum weighting.
The first Oyopi delay time of the second delay device is characterized in that it is set to more than 1 chip hour of the spreading code.
Wherein the first receiving antenna the second transmit antenna is Ri Do the same antenna, the antenna via the first Sakiyure Isseki for separating the as received and transmitted signals, the first delay input of vessels and are connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier, or one the said second receiving antenna first transmitting antenna is made from the same antenna, the antenna separation and a reception signal transmitted signal and through the second Sakiyure Ichita to, may be connected to the input of the second delay unit and output of said first amplifier.
Wherein the first receiving antenna the second transmit antenna is Ri Do the same antenna, the antenna via the first circulator for separating a and the received signal transmission signal, the second delay unit is connected to the input of the output end the first amplifier, and said and said second receiving antenna first transmit antenna Ri Do the same antenna, the antenna will be separated and the received signal transmission signal through the second Sakiyure Isseki for, the first delay unit. the output terminal and the second may be connected to the input of the amplifier.
A third transmission Antena for transmitting an output of the first amplifier to the mobile station, the output of the second amplifier may comprise a fourth transmitting antenna to be transmitted to the base station.
The estimating means comprises a plurality of outputting the the sign determination circuit and the kick or the estimated transfer functions were more multipliers to the output of the estimation error takes the difference between the respective output and the respective multipliers of said correlators of a subtractor may comprise a computation circuit for performing adaptive Arugorizumu for sequentially estimating the transfer functions from the outputted estimated error from the output to the subtractor of the sign determination circuit.
The weighting coefficient control circuit, the square of the absolute value of each transfer function said estimated may be weighting coefficients of each of said delayed wave components.
The weighting coefficient control circuit may determine the weighting factor based a the ratio of the amplitude and the estimated error of the desired signal component of each delayed wave component.
According to the present invention, the signal transmitted from the relay device, one chip time greater than the delay spread is given forces. Thus, RAKE reception effect can be obtained, it is possible to eliminate the dead spots, improve the transmission quality in the area.
Figure 1 performs path diversity (RAKE) reception, a proc diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional scan Bae-vector spread communication receivers.
Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a scan Bae-vector spread communication relay apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 3 A and Figure 3 B is a block diagram showing a ^ 1 real 施例 the scan Bae-vector spread communication relay apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a scan Bae-vector spread communication receiver adopting the RAKE receiving system according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a proc diagram showing an embodiment of a mobile communication system according to the present invention. In the figure, the base station 1 0 in the area (radio zone) 9 cover one, and has a C DMA communication with the mobile station 1 6 and 1 7 in the area 9. Base station 1 0 may be constituted from the transceiver § antenna 1 1 and the wireless device 1 2 which is a connection switching center 1 4 via a multi-line 1 3. The invention according to the relay apparatus 2 0 is installed in the area want to improve dead spots or transmission quality.
Repeater 2 0 includes a base station antenna 2 1 and 2 2, and pairs the mobile station antenna 2 8 and 2 9. Antenna 2 1 and 2 8 are both transmission and reception, the antenna 2 2 and 2 9 are receive-only. Radio waves sent by the carrier frequency f 2 from the base station 1 0 is received by the antenna 2 1 and 2 2. Receiving wave S 1 for antenna 2 1 is supplied to a combiner 2 5 through a mono Kiyure Isseki 2 3 and delayer 2 4 for transmission and reception separator. Here, the delay circuit 2 4, spread spectrum communication spread code-series code time given (chip time) delay to received waves S 1, delayed signal S 1 d the synthesizer 2 5 supplied to. On the other hand, the reception wave S 2 of the antenna 2 2 is supplied directly to the synthesizer 2 5, is combined with signal S 1 d. The combined signal is amplified by the amplifier 2 6, as the signal S 3, through the Sakiyure Ichita 2 7 for transmission and reception separator is guided to the pair mobile station antennas 2 8, it is transmitted to the mobile station. Thus, from the relay device 2 0, and the signal S 1 d delayed by the delay unit 2 4, the composite signal S 3 of the signals S 2 no delay is transmitted.
Radio wave transmitted from the relay device 2 0 antennas 2 8 is received by the transmission and reception § container 3 1 of the mobile station 1 6. The antenna 3 1 further also receives a radio wave transmitted from the transmitting and receiving § antenna 1 1 of base station 1 0. That is, the mobile station 1 6 will receive a signal delayed by the relay equipment 2 0, and the signal that has not been delayed, the signal of 3 series with the signal sent directly from the base station 1 0 . These signals are supplied to the radio 3 2 of the mobile station 1 6. Radio 3 2, the correlation in the assigned spreading code and connexion secondary demodulated (despread), after RAKE reception, and the primary demodulation, sent to the mobile station 1 6 from the base station 1 0 obtain the data.
On the other hand, the transmission data from the mobile station 1 6, primary in radio 3 2, are second-order modulated and transmitted from the transceiver antenna 3 1 as a radio wave of the wave frequency f 1. This radio wave is received relay device 2 0 in pairs in the mobile station antenna 2 8 and 2 9. Received wave S 5 of the antenna 2 8, support for transmission and reception separator - fed through a Kiyure Ichita 2 7 and the delay unit 35 to the combiner 3 6. Here, the delay unit 35 is given spread spectrum communication spread code-series code time (chip time) delay to reception wave S 5, the synthesizer a delayed signal S 5 d 3 6 supplied to. On the other hand, the reception wave S 6 of the antenna 2 9 is supplied directly to the combiner 3 6, is combined with signal S 5 d. The combined signal is amplified by the amplifier 3 7, as a signal S 7, is guided to the counter-base-station antennas 2 1 via mono Kiyure Ichita 2 3 for transmission and reception splitter, it is transmitted to the base station . Thus, from the relay device 2 0, and the signal S 5 d which is delayed by the delaying unit 35, the combined signal S 7 and the signal S 6 with no delay is transmitted to the base station 1 0.
Radio wave transmitted from the antenna 2 1 of the relay apparatus 2 0 is received by the transceiver § antenna 1 1 of base station 1 0. The antenna 1 1 is further also receives radio waves transmitted from the transceiver § antenna 3 1 of the mobile station 1 6. That is, the base station 1 0 will receive the signal delayed by the relay equipment 2 0, and the signal that has not been delayed, the signal of 3 series with the signal sent directly from the mobile station 1 6 . These signals are supplied to the wireless device 1 2 of the base station 1 0. Radio 1 2 correlation with the assigned spreading code and connexion to secondary demodulation (despreading), after RAKE reception, and the primary demodulation, transmitted from the mobile station 1 6 to the base station 1 0 obtain the data.
Thus, the delay times of the delay device 2 4 and 3 5, by a more chips hours spread spectrum code, with respect to signals received through two or more signal paths, sufficient RAKE reception it is possible to obtain an effect.
Figure 3 A is a block diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment. In the figure, the antenna 2 1 and 2 2 are base station antenna, antenna 2 8 and 2 9 is a counter mobile station antenna. The antenna 2 1 and 2 8 is the transmit-only antenna, § antenna 2 2 and 2 9 is an antenna for both transmission and reception. Receiving wave S 1 for antenna 2 2 via the Sakiyure Ichita 2 3 and amplifier 2 6, is supplied to the antenna 2 8, it is transmitted to the mobile station. The reception wave S 1 output from the amplifier 2 6 is delayed by delay device 2 4. Signal S 1 d which is delayed is supplied to the antenna 2 9 via the circulator 2 7, it is transmitted to the mobile station. Thus, from the relay device 2 0, and the signals S 1 d which is delayed, and the signals S 1 that did not receive the delay is transmitted to the mobile station. The delay time of the delay device 2 4, in the same manner as in Example 1, is set to more than 1 chip hour.
- How, versus received wave S 5 of the mobile station antenna 2 9 via the circulator 2 7 and the amplifier 3 7, is supplied to the antenna 2 1, it is transmitted to the base station. The reception wave S 5 output from the amplifier 3 7 is delayed by the delay device 35. Signal S 5 d which has been delayed is supplied to the antenna 2 2 via the circulator 2 3, it is transmitted to the base station 1 0. Thus, from the relay device 2 0, and the signal S 5 d which has been delayed, the signal S 5 that did not receive the delay is transmitted to the base station 1 0. The delay time of the delay device 35, as in Example 1, is set to more than 1 chip hour.
In Examples 1 and 2, in the relay device 2 0, and the signal subjected to delay, transmits making signals of two series of accepted signal without a delay. However, in a place other than dead spots, if consider that the signal to be transmitted and received directly between the base station 1 0 and the mobile station 1 6 is present, within the relay apparatus 2 0, only the delayed signal be sent to make, so that the signals of two channels obtained on the reception side. Therefore, the location of the dead Chi以 ^^, if installed relay device such as this, it is possible to considerably improve the transmission characteristic. 'Figure 3 B is a block diagram showing such a relay apparatus. In the figure, antenna 2 1 is a base station antenna, antenna 2 9 is a 对 mobile station antenna. These antennas 2 1 and 2 9 are both transmission and reception shared antenna.
Pair received wave S 1 of the base station antenna 2 1 is supplied to the delay unit 2 4 via the mono Kiyureta 2 3. Delayer 2 4 1 e given chips hours of delay in rice signal S 1, and supplies to the amplifier 2 6. Amplifier 2 6 amplifies the signal S id, and supplied to the antenna 2 9 via the Sakyu, single motor 2 7, it is transmitted to the mobile station.
On the other hand, the reception wave S 5 pairs mobile station antenna 2 9 is supplied to the delay unit 35 via a mono- Kiyureta 2 7. Delayer 3 5, to the signal S 5 gives one chip hour or more delay, and supplies to the amplifier 3 7. Amplifier 3 7 amplifies the signal S 5 d, Sa - Kiyure Isseki 2 3 supplied to the antenna 2 1 via a transmitting to the base station.
The apparatus of this embodiment is used in a location other than the dead spots. For example, communication of voice signals is sufficiently performed forces?, Used where needed improvement of reception error rate of the data signal. In this case, the mobile station performs a direct wave from the base station, receives the delayed wave from the antenna 29 of the relay apparatus, the secondary demodulation, RAKE receiving, and the primary demodulation data from the base station obtained. On the other hand, the base station side performs the direct wave from the mobile station, receives the delayed wave of the antenna 2 1 wins relay device, the secondary demodulation, RAKE receiving, and the primary demodulating, data from the mobile station obtained. Yotsute to this, it is possible to reduce the error rate of data transmission. The relay device also Examples 1 and 2, can of course be used in such places.
Figure 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a scan Bae-vector spread communication receiver according to the invention. Again receiver, similarly to the conventional receiver shown in FIG. 1 adopts the RAKE receiving method is different in the following points.
(1) in place of the detector 2- k (k = l~N), detector 42- k are used.
(2) instead of the power detector 4 one k, weighting coefficient control circuit 40- k are provided. (3) the output of the sign determination circuit 6, detector 42- k and weighting coefficient control circuits 40-is fed to k, is used as a reference for detection and weighting.
In the receiver of FIG. 4, each delay wave ik output from each correlator 1-k is supplied to the detector 42- k, is detected for each delayed wave. The output of the detector 42 one k is supplied to the weighting coefficient control circuit 40- k, weighting coefficient is calculated here for each delayed wave component. That is, the weighting coefficient control circuit 40- k, as will be described later, compare the code judgment result and the detector output, and detects a desired signal component contained in the detector output, a weighting factor decide. Is a method of determining the weighting factors, Ru weighting is used by weighting, or SIR by the desired signal component. Weighted signals by the obtained weighting coefficients thus are by connexion synthesized in the synthesis circuit 5, the determination of by connexion code to the code decision circuit 6 is performed.
5, from the detector 42 of FIG. 4 to the code decision circuit 6 is a circuit diagram showing a more specific configuration. In the figure, reference numeral 43 (43 - 1 ~ 43- N) is a circuit that is integrally formed with a detector 42 and the weighting coefficient control circuit 40 shown in FIG. Each element 43- k includes a subtractor 51, is composed of a multiplier 52, 53, and arithmetic circuit 54, arithmetic circuit 54 includes a memory for ¾¾ an adaptive algorithm, and an arithmetic circuit.
There is to determine the Z k that minimizes. Hereinafter, a procedure of estimating the sequentially optimal Z k from stamp value fed back from the code decision circuit 6 and the estimated error e k. The details of this technique, S i mo n Ha ykin, "Ad a D tive F ilter Th eory", P rentice Ha ll, 1 986, (I SBN 0 - 13-004052-5). P p 38 1 It is described in the ~ 385.
(1) by the multiplier 52, Ru multiplied by LZZ k to the input signal i = Z r xe] phi. The result is a e k = (Z r / Z k) e j *. If estimation is complete, Z r = Z k, and the transmission signal e j * is obtained. In fact, estimated by the noise or the like will be incomplete.
(2) the output of the multiplier 52 is supplied to the weighting circuit 3- k, as weighting coefficients the square IZ k I 2 of the absolute value of the estimated transfer function Z k, performs weighting. Yotsute thereto, it executes the maximum ratio combining diversity one cytidine.
(3) the output Z r Z k * e of the weighting circuit 3 _ k, to the summing by the synthesizing circuit 5. This Yotsute, dividing weighted synthesis line is a condition of the maximum ratio combining diversity.
(4) code determines the output of the combining circuit 5 in the code decision circuit 6. If there is no bit error e is obtained.
(5) by a multiplier 53, making the estimated received signal. In other words, multiplied by the estimated transfer function Z k in the output of the sign determination circuit 6, and the product Z k X e j * estimated received signal.
(6) by the subtractor 51, by subtracting the input No. Z r X e j estimated received signal from the * Z k X e, we obtain the estimated error e k.
(7) As the estimated error e k is further decreased, to update the estimated transfer function Z k. This divides the row by using an adaptive algorithm by the recursive least squares (RLS). It is also possible to use other adaptive algorithms.
(8) returns to the (1), the same processing is repeated.
Thus, the transfer function Z r of O connexion transmission line adaptive algorithm estimates, the estimated value Z k is determined. For a delayed wave, the larger the ratio of 挽波 output of each delay wave with respect to the code determination is large, the delay wave are included great hope NamiNaru W. Estimate Z k is intended to represent the ratio of the detection output of each delay wave with respect to the code decision result indicates the magnitude of the desired signal component contained in each delay wave. Accordingly, by using the estimated value Z k, it is possible to measure the SNR or SIR for each delayed wave. In the present invention, since to perform weighting using the estimated value Z k, than weighting by the conventional detector output of power, it is possible to perform appropriate weighting. Te cowpea thereto, it is possible to improve the characteristics by RAKE reception.
In this embodiment, for using the delay detection, or synchronous detection, the information symbols first received, the phase can not be demodulated indeterminate. However, in the case of delay detection scheme is yo Usually, Purianburu is sent is known information symbols, as the determination result to return to the detector 4 2, entering the preamble code record. In the case of synchronous root bark scheme, 揷入 to determine the O phase of the received signal, it may be used more than one symbol length of the known pilot signal. That may be fed back to the detector 4 2 as a determination result the sign of the pilot signal.
With the IZ k IVI e k I 2, it can be weighted by SIR.
Further, the relay apparatus according to the present invention described above when combined with the receiver, it is possible to perform even better communication between a mobile station and a base station of dead "Chinai.
Wherein the first and the delay time of the second delay device is a relay apparatus characterized by being set to more than 1 chip hour of the spreading code.
Relay device according to claim 1, wherein, wherein.
3. Wherein the first receiving antenna the second transmit antenna is made of the same antenna, the antenna via the first mono Kiyure one another for separating the as received and transmitted signals, the first is connected to the input terminal of the first delay circuit and the output terminal of the second amplifier, and wherein the second receiving antenna first transmission Antena is Ri Do the same antenna, the antenna reception signal and the transmission signal through the second circulator for separating bets, according that the scope 2 claims, characterized in that is connected to the input of the second delay unit and output of said first amplifier the relay device.
Relay device according to claim 3, wherein, characterized by comprising.
Relay device according to claim 1, wherein, characterized by comprising.
6. Wherein the first receiving antenna the second transmit antenna is made of the same antenna, the antenna via the first Sakiyure one data for separating the as received and transmitted signals, the second It is connected to the input terminal and the output terminal of the delay unit of the first amplifier, and wherein the second receiving antenna first transmit antenna are the same antenna or Rannahli, the antenna reception signal and the transmission signal through the second mono Kiyure over data for separating the bets, claims, characterized in that it is connected to an output terminal of said first 舉延 device and input of the second amplifier relay device according to claim 5.
Claims, characterized in that it comprises a third transmission Antena for transmitting an output of said first amplifier to said mobile station, and a fourth transmitting antenna for transmitting an output of said second amplifier to said base station relay device according to claim 6.
Based on the transfer function said estimated that the estimated amplitude of each for each delayed wave component desired NamiNaru fraction only comprises the 'a weighting coefficient control circuit for forming said weighting factor by the amplitude scan Bae-vector spread communication receiver according to claim.
9. The estimation means includes a plurality of multipliers multiplying the respective transfer function said estimated output of the sign determination circuit, as estimation error takes the difference between the respective output and the respective 乘算 devices of the correlator and characterized by comprising a plurality of subtractor for outputting, and an arithmetic circuit for performing adaptive Arugorizumu for sequentially estimating the respective transmission 閲数 and an output and the output from the subtracter force has been estimated error of said code decision circuit scan Bae-vector spread communications receiver according to claim 8 of claims to be.
1 0. The weighting coefficient control circuit, the scan Bae click preparative Le diffusion according to the square of the absolute value in the range 9 claims that the weighting factor of each of said delayed wave components of each transfer function said estimated communications receiver.
1 1. The weighting coefficient control circuit, the claims shall be the determining means determines the weighting factor based a the ratio of the amplitude and the estimated error of the desired signal component of each delayed wave component scan Bae-vector spread communication receiver according to 9.
Scan Bae-vector spread communication system characterized by comprising.
Scan Bae-vector spread communication system according to the range 1 2 claims, characterized in that it comprises a.
1 4. The first receiving antenna and transmitting antenna of the 笫 2 identical antenna or Rannahli, the antenna via the first mono Kiyure Isseki for separating the as received and transmitted signals, It said first input terminal of the delay device is connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier, and said second receiving antenna and said first transmitting antenna Ri Do the same antenna, the antenna and the received signal through the second Sakiyure Isseki for separating a transmission signal, the claims, characterized in that it is connected to the input of the second delay unit and output of said first amplifier scan Bae-vector spread communication Shizutemu according to 1 3.
Scan Bae-vector spread communication system according to the range 1 4 claims, characterized by comprising.
1 7. The first receiving antenna and the second transmit antenna are the same antenna or Rannahli, the antenna is first Sakiyure for separating the as received and transmitted signals - through data, the first It is connected to an output terminal of the second delay element to the input of the first amplifier, and said and said second receiving antenna first transmitting antenna is made from the same antenna, the antenna reception signal and the transmission signal via a second circulator to separate the door, range 1 6 claims, characterized in that it is connected to the input terminal and an output terminal of said first delay device the second amplifier scan Bae-vector spread communication system according to.
Claims, characterized in that it comprises a third transmitting antenna for transmitting an output of said first amplifier to said mobile station, and a fourth transmitting antenna for transmitting an output of said second amplifier to said base station scan Bae-vector spread communication system according to the range 1-7.
1 9. The estimation means includes a plurality of multipliers multiplying the respective transfer function said estimated output of the sign determination circuit, wherein taking the difference between the respective outputs of the correlators said each multiplier. As estimation error a plurality of subtractor for outputting, characterized in that it comprises a row intends arithmetic circuit adapted Arugorizumu for sequentially estimating the transfer functions from the estimated error output from the subtracter and the output of the sign determination circuit scan Bae-vector diffusion communication system according to claim 1 2 claims.
2 0. The weighting coefficient control circuit, the scan Bae-vector spread according to the square of the absolute value in the range 1 9 according to weighting coefficients for each of said delayed wave components of each transfer function said estimated Communications system.
2 1. The weighting coefficient control circuit, the claims the you and determines the weighting factor based on the ratio of amplitude of the desired wave component and the estimated error for each 遲延 wave component scan Bae-vector spread communication system according to 1 9.
EP94923066A EP0668662A4 (en) 1993-08-06 1994-08-04 Receiver and repeater for spread spectrum communication.


It isn't easy to see and recognise what happens beneath the surface of children's communication. Being able to listen, pay attention, play and understand are the fundamental building blocks of communication.
Adults play a crucial role in supporting these skills. If a child can't listen and understand, they'll struggle to talk. That's why in April our theme is 'it's not just about talking'.
We've developed 2 brand new FREE resources to encourage listening, understanding, interaction and play.
For pre-school children, Listen Up (0-5), includes a card game with fun activities and advice on how parents and early year's workers can use the resource.
Remember fortune tellers from the school playground? The folded up square pieces of paper that you control with your fingers and thumbs? Well you will when you see it! For school aged children Listen Up (5-11)includes a fun fortune teller with the card game. These short and simple activities can be done easily and quickly and with everyday things.
To order your free copy email hello@thecommunicationtrust.org.uk. Write 'Listen Up' in the subject header and include your name, full postal address and the age of your child or children you work with. We'll send you the resource sometime in April.
These look like great resources, good for you.


text:
Curatorial Projects
alterna APEC
Nov. 4 - 19, 2011 ARTS at Mark's Garage (
Local and international artists from around the Pacific region developed creative research projects about Hawaii's local economy. See exhibition page here.
Keiko Bonk / Eating in Public / Jeffry Feeger / Bob Freitas / Vince Hazen / Scott Groeniger / Vincent Goudreau & Javier Martinez / Imaikalani Kalahele / Mat Kubo / Sally Lundburg / Shane Pale / Carl Pao / Pek-Pek Liberation Front, 3rd Path O`ahu, & Women's Voices, Women's Speak/ Maya Portner / Margo Ray / Seeds and Deeds/ Kirsten Simonsen / St. Marko / Keith Tallett / Dan Taulapapa / Toimairangi art school / Scott Yeoll.
Pan Pacific Nation
March 3rd to March 28th, 2009 at The ARTS at Marks Garage.
co-curated with Noelle M.K.Y. Kahanu
an exhibition of contemporary Pacific Islands art. See exhibition page here.
Maika'i Tubbs
July 26 - Aug 24 2013
What is the "life" of memory? Does its elasticity and/or degradation correlate to the technology that we use to archive and share our most precious pictures, words, and events? Extended Play contemplates these questions in reference to the setting on now-defunct video recorders, which captured less information so as to extend the capacity to record longer.
In this installation, the medium of VHS magnetic tape acts as a catalyst for contemplating the tensile strength of memory as it is stretched by our access to information and human connection with ever more sophisticated magnetic, radio, and digital technology: smart phones, Google, wikis, and Facebook. Anthropologists and cognitive scientists have long debated the correlation between our capacity for long-term memory and our kinship networks. ("Dunbar's Number" famously estimates that we can maintain social groups of 150 people). Extended Play is an invitation to reconnect with the active principles of memory association, while also extending the life of an otherwise obsolete material.
Yuan 原
Originally from Jilin, China, Beili Liu received her MFA from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, before joining the faculty at the University of Texas, Austin, where she is currently an associate professor. Liu is known for her refined, simple, and visually striking post-minimalist interpretations of materials such as sumi ink, salt, silk thread, vellum, rice paper, and Chinese spirit money. Based on organic repetition and subtle dynamics of energy transformation and tension, her abstractions engage in issues of cultural belonging and interpersonal negotiation.
Her newest installation, Yuan, is a vast circular field composed of hundreds of crosscut bamboo. The center of the field is accessible via rivulets that act as immersive pathways. The rim of each bamboo is charred black with fire; its empty center filled with white granular sea salt. These three elements—bamboo, salt and charring—represent earth, sea and fire. The use of renewable materials in Yuan are a site-specific response to the UH Art Gallery context and to the Hawaiian Islands as a whole, but are also open to Liu's ongoing engagement with her own cultural background.
Yuan 原, in Chinese, refers to "origin," and "cause," as well as "field." Yuan 圆, another character with the same pronunciation, stands for "round" and "circular." In conjunction with these multiple references, Liu uses her materials to question simple notions of beginning and presence. Bamboo, among its many symbolic resonances, stands for the most desired and respected Confucian virtues: honor, modesty and purity. The void inside of this extraordinary plant is the exact quality that enables its yielding strength and its ability to transport, support and contain. Likewise, salt references the fluidity between liquid and crystal states. Burning as process is also used in a number of Liu's pieces as the embodiment of the natural cycles of death and rebirth.
Pheobe Cummings
February 24-March 24 2013
Working predominantly from unfired clay, Cummings constructs pieces directly on site as temporary installations or interventions within a place. Both material and process are of particular significance to Cummings, her intensive labour of making is heightened by the ephemerality of the work's existence. Often the pieces come to exist only as a photograph or memory.
Over the course of the three weeks, Phoebe had about 10 people working nonstop to press clay through a strainer to create thousands of tiny cilia-like shapes that were then pressed into a chicken wire structure hanging from the ceiling of the gallery. The power of accumulation resulted in a large organic form emanating from the center of the gallery.
Framed Guests
Oct. 15 - Nov. 5 2010
Rowe's work generally uses the implements and materials of modern architecture: lumber, mirrored glass, carpet, and molding to open up the viscera of the architectural body and expose its identity, its idiosyncrasies, and its character as it shapes our own.
In this installation, Rowe responds to the geometry and character of the architecture school's gallery, acknowledging each little detail of its surface, vector, and use in her sculptural extension and expansion of its walls.
The work consists of 4 frame-like structures mimicing a section of walls and windows in the gallery itself. These structures will contain inserts of typical building materials such as metal studs, plywood, insulation, and sheetrock to evoke the idea of a wall being pulled apart either from the inside or outside. A mixture of self consciously arranged domestic decor/furniture such as table legs, decorative moulding, and mirrors will collide with banal details such as vinyl moulding and carpet which refer back to the gallery site. This combination will forms a relationship between actual site and a type of theatrical setting. The repeating frames leading to each gallery window will play into the idea of progression and a time-based cinematic viewing of the work.