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text:
Does America need "fewer but better" research universities?
Leading U.S. universities call for number of research universities to be cut; dollars focussed on top schools
By Tony Keller June 29, 2009
The Chronicle of Higher Education reports (subscription site) that the head of a group of leading U.S. universities is calling for government research funding to be focussed on a small, elite group of U.S. universities. Robert M. Berdahl, president of the Association of American Universities (AAU), said that "fewer but better" top research universities are needed.
Mr. Berdahl's association represents 60 American universities that together award more than half of all U.S. doctoral degrees and 55 per cent of science and engineering degrees. Berndahl first raised the matter in a letter to sent last February to Sen. Lamar Alexandar, Republican from Tennessee and a former Secretary of Education. The letter was obtained by The Chronicle.
According to the weekly paper, Mr. Berdahl's letter asked a series of questions that included: "How many research universities does the United States realistically require in order to maintain its agenda of innovation and advanced training?" The AAU has not made any recommendations as to how this policy could be put into effect or how many universities would have to be cut or downsized, but it has asked the National Academies to study the issue.
The Chronicle notes that "the recommendation to reduce the number of research universities may face some opposing forces on both the state and federal levels." No doubt
Similar noises have been made by leading universities in the United Kingdom.
The questions raised by Berdahl's letter are particularly relevant to the Canadian university system. When it comes to research funding, we have, even more than the Americans (or the British), tended to spread the wealth around: we have a smaller number of universities than the Americans, but a very high percentage of them are big players in the research game. Thanks to the imperatives of politics and regional development, we don't have small number of top-tier research universities and a much larger group of less research-focussed institutions. Instead, we have a lot of universities with big stakes in the research game, including small institutions that, less than a generation ago, were traditional liberal arts colleges focussed on undergraduate teaching. Everyone gets a piece of the pie. For a small number of top Canadian universities that want to compete in the big leagues against Harvard and MIT, it's an impediment. Is that merely a harm to their institutional egos, or a negative for the country's education, innovation and economy?
Is Canada's current "spread the research around" approach best, or would concentrating top-flight research at a small number of super-institutions be better? Does the former approach open research up to more academics and students? Is that more egalitarian and, in the long run, better for Canadian education and innovation? Or does it just fritter limited research dollars away on ambitious projects often sited at institutions that do not have the institutional capacity to take full advantage of them? Would the latter approach create a Canadian Harvard, a Canadian MIT and more/better research?
As David Naylor, president of the University of Toronto noted in a speech last month, Canadian universities (including his) do a lot research — but the country as a whole punches below its weight when it comes to world-beating, highly influential research.
In research productivity, Canada punches well above its weight as a country with a small population. For example, at the University of Toronto, we publish more scholarly papers than any other university in the world except Harvard and, perhaps — depending on how you count publications — another U of T – the University of Tokyo.
That said – and in the presence of John Polanyi, our most recent Nobel laureate – I am disappointed, as are many observers, that Canadian universities are not doing better in the race to win major international research prizes. According to last week's report from the STI Council, between 1941 and 2008, Canada received 19 such prizes, tied for 12th with Israel, a country not even established until 1948. Ahead of us: the United States with 1403, the UK with 222, France with 91, Germany with 75, even Australia with 42 prizes.
Naylor didn't raise the point in this speech, but I will: would we get not just more research, but more superb research, if we concentrated our efforts?
I plead ignorance. All I know is that it's a very important question that Canada's university system needs to ask, and answer. It's a problem in need of some good research.
FILED UNDER: association of american universities research universities universties

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Conoil is one of the most formidable names in Nigeria's downstream petroleum industry. We are engaged in the marketing of refined petroleum products and also in the manufacturing and marketing of high-quality lubricants and chemicals for domestic and industrial use. The company is reputed for its unwavering commitment to excellent products and service delivery for maximal customer satisfaction.
As the first and largest indigenous oil marketing company in Nigeria, we have over the years gained a unique understanding of research and quality control, which we continuously apply in all our businesses in order to offer the best propositions to customers. We have also developed innovative means of manufacturing and distributing our products through our wide network of outlets.
We invest our financial and technical resources in the development of high-performance products and in the provision of services that match or even surpass international standards, paying strict attention to the finest details of health, safety and environmental best practices.
Conoil Plc, Nigeria's first and largest indigenous oil marketing company, began operations in 1927 under the name Shell Company of Nigeria (SCN) and later Shell Company of West Africa. It was incorporated as a private limited liability company in 1960 and registered with the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) as a public liability company in 1989.
Earlier in April 1975, the Federal Government of Nigeria acquired 60 percent shares of the company through the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and the company became known as National Oil and Chemical Marketing Company (NOLCHEM). In the year 2000, the Federal Government, through the Bureau of Public Enterprises (BPE), bought 40% issued ordinary shares of the company held by Shell Company of Nigeria (UK) Limited.
Following the privatisation of the company, Conpetro Limited acquired 60 per cent of the issued shares and as a result of a rights issue made by the company in 2002, Conpetro now holds 74.4 per cent of the issued capital; while the Nigerian public holds the remaining 25.6 per cent.
Conoil is committed to attaining the greatest height in the downstream sector for the benefit of individual stakeholders and the society in general. We are well positioned to move into the global market.
Our business practices are therefore driven by the corporate vision to become the number one petroleum products marketer in Africa and internationally recognised as a provider of first-class services and high-performance products.
We continuously invest financial and technical resources in top talents and state-of-the-art equipment and technologies that facilitate our ultimate goal of making life abundantly convenient for our customers.
Because we believe that our continued success depends on repositioning ourselves in the marketplace, we have re-engineered our manpower and retail outlets for greater efficiency and improved service delivery.
We constantly develop products and methods of operation which are more sustainable and which offer value to our customers and shareholders, and take into account environmental considerations as well as the expectations of our employees and the general public.
To be Africa's leading petroleum marketing company, with the largest retail network, offering world-class products and services.
To remain the flagship of the downstream sector, providing high quality products and services, with total commitment to excellence and internationally acceptable environmental practices.
Conoil is our master brand. The essence of the Conoil brand is encapsulated in the company's pay-off line: 'We go the extra mile', which speaks of our zeal to deliver excellence at all times. The brand symbolises and embodies everything we do or aspire to do as a corporation.
We have over the years built and managed a strong brand image reflecting Conoil's core values of constantly tracking customer's changing behaviour, needs and expectations, with the aim of meeting these needs in the most cost-effective manner.
Pursuant to its strategic vision, the company in December 2002 shed its old identity, National Oil and Chemical Marketing Plc, and launched a new brand initiative which included a new name (Conoil), new logo (a circular icon of oil droplets) and new corporate colours (orange and blue). The new identity represents the company's dynamism as a re-engineered entity and its commitment to improving the world we live in. It represents a brand with a positive attitude and a fresh and energetic approach to enriching lives.
For Conoil, a powerful and attractive brand image is the perception created by the multitude interactions that a customer has with the company. As a result, we make the customer the centrepiece of our everyday operations, with the cardinal objective focused on quality, value and service. The Conoil brand aspires to touch lives in a unique way so as to form a lasting impression in the customer's mind. The ultimate goal is to lift the brand to such a pedestal where customers see it as an endorsement of quality.
Conoil will continue to be the brand of choice, delivering quality, professionalism, service and efficiency. Because we are resilient, well-established, customer-focused and socially responsible, our customers can count on us for unique and compelling product and service offerings, for consistent delivery on brand promises and continuous productive and distinctive value at all times.
In pursuant of our dream of making life abundantly convenient for our customers all over Africa and beyond, we have evolved a corporate policy which values inclusion and diversity in all our business practices, including the composition of our company.
The policy focuses on bringing together people of different viewpoints, experiences, ethnic and cultural backgrounds to enrich our corporate culture and create a stronger organisation.
We will continue to foster a work environment that guarantees every employee an opportunity to develop his or her skills and talents to the full, in a way consistent with the company's values.
In line with its corporate vision and mission, Conoil makes conscious efforts at all times to ensure that all employees feel included, supported and valued. Our human resources policy also emphasises the value of work life initiatives for retaining and attracting top talents from diverse backgrounds.
Because we know that organisations are about people and that our employees are crucial vehicles for attaining our corporate goal of delivering excellent service to our customers, we shall remain faithful to these ideals.
Conoil/AP Road, near New Naval Base, P.O. Box 45, Apapa, Lagos.


text:
"""

Class CommonFilters implements certain common image
postprocessing filters.

It is not ideal that these filters are all included in a single
monolithic module.  Unfortunately, when you want to apply two filters
at the same time, you have to compose them into a single shader, and
the composition process isn't simply a question of concatenating them:
you have to somehow make them work together.  I suspect that there
exists some fairly simple framework that would make this automatable.
However, until I write some more filters myself, I won't know what
that framework is.  Until then, I'll settle for this
clunky approach.  - Josh

"""

from FilterManager import FilterManager
from panda3d.core import LVecBase4, LPoint2
from panda3d.core import Filename
from panda3d.core import AuxBitplaneAttrib
from panda3d.core import Texture, Shader, ATSNone
import os

CARTOON_BODY="""
float4 cartoondelta = k_cartoonseparation * texpix_txaux.xwyw;
float4 cartoon_c0 = tex2D(k_txaux, %(texcoord)s + cartoondelta.xy);
float4 cartoon_c1 = tex2D(k_txaux, %(texcoord)s - cartoondelta.xy);
float4 cartoon_c2 = tex2D(k_txaux, %(texcoord)s + cartoondelta.wz);
float4 cartoon_c3 = tex2D(k_txaux, %(texcoord)s - cartoondelta.wz);
float4 cartoon_mx = max(cartoon_c0, max(cartoon_c1, max(cartoon_c2, cartoon_c3)));
float4 cartoon_mn = min(cartoon_c0, min(cartoon_c1, min(cartoon_c2, cartoon_c3)));
float cartoon_thresh = saturate(dot(cartoon_mx - cartoon_mn, float4(3,3,0,0)) - 0.5);
o_color = lerp(o_color, k_cartooncolor, cartoon_thresh);
"""

# Some GPUs do not support variable-length loops.
#
# We fill in the actual value of numsamples in the loop limit
# when the shader is configured.
#
SSAO_BODY="""//Cg

void vshader(float4 vtx_position : POSITION,
             out float4 l_position : POSITION,
             out float2 l_texcoord : TEXCOORD0,
             out float2 l_texcoordD : TEXCOORD1,
             out float2 l_texcoordN : TEXCOORD2,
             uniform float4 texpad_depth,
             uniform float4 texpad_normal,
             uniform float4x4 mat_modelproj)
{
  l_position = mul(mat_modelproj, vtx_position);
  l_texcoord = vtx_position.xz;
  l_texcoordD = (vtx_position.xz * texpad_depth.xy) + texpad_depth.xy;
  l_texcoordN = (vtx_position.xz * texpad_normal.xy) + texpad_normal.xy;
}

float3 sphere[16] = float3[](float3(0.53812504, 0.18565957, -0.43192),float3(0.13790712, 0.24864247, 0.44301823),float3(0.33715037, 0.56794053, -0.005789503),float3(-0.6999805, -0.04511441, -0.0019965635),float3(0.06896307, -0.15983082, -0.85477847),float3(0.056099437, 0.006954967, -0.1843352),float3(-0.014653638, 0.14027752, 0.0762037),float3(0.010019933, -0.1924225, -0.034443386),float3(-0.35775623, -0.5301969, -0.43581226),float3(-0.3169221, 0.106360726, 0.015860917),float3(0.010350345, -0.58698344, 0.0046293875),float3(-0.08972908, -0.49408212, 0.3287904),float3(0.7119986, -0.0154690035, -0.09183723),float3(-0.053382345, 0.059675813, -0.5411899),float3(0.035267662, -0.063188605, 0.54602677),float3(-0.47761092, 0.2847911, -0.0271716));

void fshader(out float4 o_color : COLOR,
             uniform float4 k_params1,
             uniform float4 k_params2,
             float2 l_texcoord : TEXCOORD0,
             float2 l_texcoordD : TEXCOORD1,
             float2 l_texcoordN : TEXCOORD2,
             uniform sampler2D k_random : TEXUNIT0,
             uniform sampler2D k_depth : TEXUNIT1,
             uniform sampler2D k_normal : TEXUNIT2)
{
  float pixel_depth = tex2D(k_depth, l_texcoordD).a;
  float3 pixel_normal = (tex2D(k_normal, l_texcoordN).xyz * 2.0 - 1.0);
  float3 random_vector = normalize((tex2D(k_random, l_texcoord * 18.0 + pixel_depth + pixel_normal.xy).xyz * 2.0) - float3(1.0)).xyz;
  float occlusion = 0.0;
  float radius = k_params1.z / pixel_depth;
  float depth_difference;
  float3 sample_normal;
  float3 ray;
  for(int i = 0; i < %d; ++i) {
   ray = radius * reflect(sphere[i], random_vector);
   sample_normal = (tex2D(k_normal, l_texcoordN + ray.xy).xyz * 2.0 - 1.0);
   depth_difference =  (pixel_depth - tex2D(k_depth,l_texcoordD + ray.xy).r);
   occlusion += step(k_params2.y, depth_difference) * (1.0 - dot(sample_normal.xyz, pixel_normal)) * (1.0 - smoothstep(k_params2.y, k_params2.x, depth_difference));
  }
  o_color.rgb = 1.0 + (occlusion * k_params1.y);
  o_color.a = 1.0;
}
"""

class FilterConfig:
    pass

class CommonFilters:

    """ Class CommonFilters implements certain common image postprocessing
    filters.  The constructor requires a filter builder as a parameter. """

    def __init__(self, win, cam):
        self.manager = FilterManager(win, cam)
        self.configuration = {}
        self.task = None
        self.cleanup()

    def loadShader(self, name):
        fn = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)), name)
        fn = Filename.fromOsSpecific(fn)
        fn.makeTrueCase()
        return Shader.load(fn)

    def cleanup(self):
        self.manager.cleanup()
        self.textures = {}
        self.finalQuad = None
        self.bloom = []
        self.blur = []
        self.ssao = []
        if self.task != None:
          taskMgr.remove(self.task)
          self.task = None

    def reconfigure(self, fullrebuild, changed):
        """ Reconfigure is called whenever any configuration change is made. """

        configuration = self.configuration

        if (fullrebuild):

            self.cleanup()

            if (len(configuration) == 0):
                return

            auxbits = 0
            needtex = set(["color"])
            needtexcoord = set(["color"])

            if ("CartoonInk" in configuration):
                needtex.add("aux")
                auxbits |= AuxBitplaneAttrib.ABOAuxNormal
                needtexcoord.add("aux")

            if ("AmbientOcclusion" in configuration):
                needtex.add("depth")
                needtex.add("ssao0")
                needtex.add("ssao1")
                needtex.add("ssao2")
                needtex.add("aux")
                auxbits |= AuxBitplaneAttrib.ABOAuxNormal
                needtexcoord.add("ssao2")

            if ("BlurSharpen" in configuration):
                needtex.add("blur0")
                needtex.add("blur1")
                needtexcoord.add("blur1")

            if ("Bloom" in configuration):
                needtex.add("bloom0")
                needtex.add("bloom1")
                needtex.add("bloom2")
                needtex.add("bloom3")
                auxbits |= AuxBitplaneAttrib.ABOGlow
                needtexcoord.add("bloom3")

            if ("ViewGlow" in configuration):
                auxbits |= AuxBitplaneAttrib.ABOGlow

            if ("VolumetricLighting" in configuration):
                needtex.add(configuration["VolumetricLighting"].source)

            for tex in needtex:
                self.textures[tex] = Texture("scene-" + tex)
                self.textures[tex].setWrapU(Texture.WMClamp)
                self.textures[tex].setWrapV(Texture.WMClamp)

            self.finalQuad = self.manager.renderSceneInto(textures = self.textures, auxbits=auxbits)
            if (self.finalQuad == None):
                self.cleanup()
                return False

            if ("BlurSharpen" in configuration):
                blur0=self.textures["blur0"]
                blur1=self.textures["blur1"]
                self.blur.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=blur0,div=2))
                self.blur.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=blur1))
                self.blur[0].setShaderInput("src", self.textures["color"])
                self.blur[0].setShader(self.loadShader("filter-blurx.sha"))
                self.blur[1].setShaderInput("src", blur0)
                self.blur[1].setShader(self.loadShader("filter-blury.sha"))

            if ("AmbientOcclusion" in configuration):
                ssao0=self.textures["ssao0"]
                ssao1=self.textures["ssao1"]
                ssao2=self.textures["ssao2"]
                self.ssao.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=ssao0))
                self.ssao.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=ssao1,div=2))
                self.ssao.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=ssao2))
                self.ssao[0].setShaderInput("depth", self.textures["depth"])
                self.ssao[0].setShaderInput("normal", self.textures["aux"])
                self.ssao[0].setShaderInput("random", loader.loadTexture("maps/random.rgb"))
                self.ssao[0].setShader(Shader.make(SSAO_BODY % configuration["AmbientOcclusion"].numsamples, Shader.SL_Cg))
                self.ssao[1].setShaderInput("src", ssao0)
                self.ssao[1].setShader(self.loadShader("filter-blurx.sha"))
                self.ssao[2].setShaderInput("src", ssao1)
                self.ssao[2].setShader(self.loadShader("filter-blury.sha"))

            if ("Bloom" in configuration):
                bloomconf = configuration["Bloom"]
                bloom0=self.textures["bloom0"]
                bloom1=self.textures["bloom1"]
                bloom2=self.textures["bloom2"]
                bloom3=self.textures["bloom3"]
                if (bloomconf.size == "large"):
                    scale=8
                    downsampler="filter-down4.sha"
                elif (bloomconf.size == "medium"):
                    scale=4
                    downsampler="filter-copy.sha"
                else:
                    scale=2
                    downsampler="filter-copy.sha"
                self.bloom.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=bloom0, div=2,     align=scale))
                self.bloom.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=bloom1, div=scale, align=scale))
                self.bloom.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=bloom2, div=scale, align=scale))
                self.bloom.append(self.manager.renderQuadInto(colortex=bloom3, div=scale, align=scale))
                self.bloom[0].setShaderInput("src", self.textures["color"])
                self.bloom[0].setShader(self.loadShader("filter-bloomi.sha"))
                self.bloom[1].setShaderInput("src", bloom0)
                self.bloom[1].setShader(self.loadShader(downsampler))
                self.bloom[2].setShaderInput("src", bloom1)
                self.bloom[2].setShader(self.loadShader("filter-bloomx.sha"))
                self.bloom[3].setShaderInput("src", bloom2)
                self.bloom[3].setShader(self.loadShader("filter-bloomy.sha"))

            texcoords = {}
            texcoordPadding = {}

            for tex in needtexcoord:
                if self.textures[tex].getAutoTextureScale() != ATSNone or \
                                           "HalfPixelShift" in configuration:
                    texcoords[tex] = "l_texcoord_" + tex
                    texcoordPadding["l_texcoord_" + tex] = tex
                else:
                    # Share unpadded texture coordinates.
                    texcoords[tex] = "l_texcoord"
                    texcoordPadding["l_texcoord"] = None

            texcoordSets = list(enumerate(texcoordPadding.keys()))

            text = "//Cg\n"
            text += "void vshader(float4 vtx_position : POSITION,\n"
            text += "  out float4 l_position : POSITION,\n"

            for texcoord, padTex in texcoordPadding.items():
                if padTex is not None:
                    text += "  uniform float4 texpad_tx%s,\n" % (padTex)
                    if ("HalfPixelShift" in configuration):
                        text += "  uniform float4 texpix_tx%s,\n" % (padTex)

            for i, name in texcoordSets:
                text += "  out float2 %s : TEXCOORD%d,\n" % (name, i)

            text += "  uniform float4x4 mat_modelproj)\n"
            text += "{\n"
            text += "  l_position = mul(mat_modelproj, vtx_position);\n"

            for texcoord, padTex in texcoordPadding.items():
                if padTex is None:
                    text += "  %s = vtx_position.xz * float2(0.5, 0.5) + float2(0.5, 0.5);\n" % (texcoord)
                else:
                    text += "  %s = (vtx_position.xz * texpad_tx%s.xy) + texpad_tx%s.xy;\n" % (texcoord, padTex, padTex)

                    if ("HalfPixelShift" in configuration):
                        text += "  %s += texpix_tx%s.xy * 0.5;\n" % (texcoord, padTex)

            text += "}\n"

            text += "void fshader(\n"

            for i, name in texcoordSets:
                text += "  float2 %s : TEXCOORD%d,\n" % (name, i)

            for key in self.textures:
                text += "  uniform sampler2D k_tx" + key + ",\n"

            if ("CartoonInk" in configuration):
                text += "  uniform float4 k_cartoonseparation,\n"
                text += "  uniform float4 k_cartooncolor,\n"
                text += "  uniform float4 texpix_txaux,\n"

            if ("BlurSharpen" in configuration):
                text += "  uniform float4 k_blurval,\n"

            if ("VolumetricLighting" in configuration):
                text += "  uniform float4 k_casterpos,\n"
                text += "  uniform float4 k_vlparams,\n"
            text += "  out float4 o_color : COLOR)\n"
            text += "{\n"
            text += "  o_color = tex2D(k_txcolor, %s);\n" % (texcoords["color"])
            if ("CartoonInk" in configuration):
                text += CARTOON_BODY % {"texcoord" : texcoords["aux"]}
            if ("AmbientOcclusion" in configuration):
                text += "  o_color *= tex2D(k_txssao2, %s).r;\n" % (texcoords["ssao2"])
            if ("BlurSharpen" in configuration):
                text += "  o_color = lerp(tex2D(k_txblur1, %s), o_color, k_blurval.x);\n" % (texcoords["blur1"])
            if ("Bloom" in configuration):
                text += "  o_color = saturate(o_color);\n";
                text += "  float4 bloom = 0.5 * tex2D(k_txbloom3, %s);\n" % (texcoords["bloom3"])
                text += "  o_color = 1-((1-bloom)*(1-o_color));\n"
            if ("ViewGlow" in configuration):
                text += "  o_color.r = o_color.a;\n"
            if ("VolumetricLighting" in configuration):
                text += "  float decay = 1.0f;\n"
                text += "  float2 curcoord = %s;\n" % (texcoords["color"])
                text += "  float2 lightdir = curcoord - k_casterpos.xy;\n"
                text += "  lightdir *= k_vlparams.x;\n"
                text += "  half4 sample = tex2D(k_txcolor, curcoord);\n"
                text += "  float3 vlcolor = sample.rgb * sample.a;\n"
                text += "  for (int i = 0; i < %s; i++) {\n" % (int(configuration["VolumetricLighting"].numsamples))
                text += "    curcoord -= lightdir;\n"
                text += "    sample = tex2D(k_tx%s, curcoord);\n" % (configuration["VolumetricLighting"].source)
                text += "    sample *= sample.a * decay;//*weight\n"
                text += "    vlcolor += sample.rgb;\n"
                text += "    decay *= k_vlparams.y;\n"
                text += "  }\n"
                text += "  o_color += float4(vlcolor * k_vlparams.z, 1);\n"

            if ("GammaAdjust" in configuration):
                gamma = configuration["GammaAdjust"]
                if gamma == 0.5:
                    text += "  o_color.rgb = sqrt(o_color.rgb);\n"
                elif gamma == 2.0:
                    text += "  o_color.rgb *= o_color.rgb;\n"
                elif gamma != 1.0:
                    text += "  o_color.rgb = pow(o_color.rgb, %ff);\n" % (gamma)

            if ("Inverted" in configuration):
                text += "  o_color = float4(1, 1, 1, 1) - o_color;\n"
            text += "}\n"

            self.finalQuad.setShader(Shader.make(text, Shader.SL_Cg))
            for tex in self.textures:
                self.finalQuad.setShaderInput("tx"+tex, self.textures[tex])

            self.task = taskMgr.add(self.update, "common-filters-update")

        if (changed == "CartoonInk") or fullrebuild:
            if ("CartoonInk" in configuration):
                c = configuration["CartoonInk"]
                self.finalQuad.setShaderInput("cartoonseparation", LVecBase4(c.separation, 0, c.separation, 0))
                self.finalQuad.setShaderInput("cartooncolor", c.color)

        if (changed == "BlurSharpen") or fullrebuild:
            if ("BlurSharpen" in configuration):
                blurval = configuration["BlurSharpen"]
                self.finalQuad.setShaderInput("blurval", LVecBase4(blurval, blurval, blurval, blurval))

        if (changed == "Bloom") or fullrebuild:
            if ("Bloom" in configuration):
                bloomconf = configuration["Bloom"]
                intensity = bloomconf.intensity * 3.0
                self.bloom[0].setShaderInput("blend", bloomconf.blendx, bloomconf.blendy, bloomconf.blendz, bloomconf.blendw * 2.0)
                self.bloom[0].setShaderInput("trigger", bloomconf.mintrigger, 1.0/(bloomconf.maxtrigger-bloomconf.mintrigger), 0.0, 0.0)
                self.bloom[0].setShaderInput("desat", bloomconf.desat)
                self.bloom[3].setShaderInput("intensity", intensity, intensity, intensity, intensity)

        if (changed == "VolumetricLighting") or fullrebuild:
            if ("VolumetricLighting" in configuration):
                config = configuration["VolumetricLighting"]
                tcparam = config.density / float(config.numsamples)
                self.finalQuad.setShaderInput("vlparams", tcparam, config.decay, config.exposure, 0.0)

        if (changed == "AmbientOcclusion") or fullrebuild:
            if ("AmbientOcclusion" in configuration):
                config = configuration["AmbientOcclusion"]
                self.ssao[0].setShaderInput("params1", config.numsamples, -float(config.amount) / config.numsamples, config.radius, 0)
                self.ssao[0].setShaderInput("params2", config.strength, config.falloff, 0, 0)

        self.update()
        return True

    def update(self, task = None):
        """Updates the shader inputs that need to be updated every frame.
        Normally, you shouldn't call this, it's being called in a task."""

        if "VolumetricLighting" in self.configuration:
            caster = self.configuration["VolumetricLighting"].caster
            casterpos = LPoint2()
            self.manager.camera.node().getLens().project(caster.getPos(self.manager.camera), casterpos)
            self.finalQuad.setShaderInput("casterpos", LVecBase4(casterpos.getX() * 0.5 + 0.5, (casterpos.getY() * 0.5 + 0.5), 0, 0))
        if task != None:
            return task.cont

    def setCartoonInk(self, separation=1, color=(0, 0, 0, 1)):
        fullrebuild = (("CartoonInk" in self.configuration) == False)
        newconfig = FilterConfig()
        newconfig.separation = separation
        newconfig.color = color
        self.configuration["CartoonInk"] = newconfig
        return self.reconfigure(fullrebuild, "CartoonInk")

    def delCartoonInk(self):
        if ("CartoonInk" in self.configuration):
            del self.configuration["CartoonInk"]
            return self.reconfigure(True, "CartoonInk")
        return True

    def setBloom(self, blend=(0.3,0.4,0.3,0.0), mintrigger=0.6, maxtrigger=1.0, desat=0.6, intensity=1.0, size="medium"):
        if   (size==0): size="off"
        elif (size==1): size="small"
        elif (size==2): size="medium"
        elif (size==3): size="large"
        if (size=="off"):
            self.delBloom()
            return
        if (maxtrigger==None): maxtrigger=mintrigger+0.8
        oldconfig = self.configuration.get("Bloom", None)
        fullrebuild = True
        if (oldconfig) and (oldconfig.size == size):
            fullrebuild = False
        newconfig = FilterConfig()
        (newconfig.blendx, newconfig.blendy, newconfig.blendz, newconfig.blendw) = blend
        newconfig.maxtrigger = maxtrigger
        newconfig.mintrigger = mintrigger
        newconfig.desat = desat
        newconfig.intensity = intensity
        newconfig.size = size
        self.configuration["Bloom"] = newconfig
        return self.reconfigure(fullrebuild, "Bloom")

    def delBloom(self):
        if ("Bloom" in self.configuration):
            del self.configuration["Bloom"]
            return self.reconfigure(True, "Bloom")
        return True

    def setHalfPixelShift(self):
        fullrebuild = (("HalfPixelShift" in self.configuration) == False)
        self.configuration["HalfPixelShift"] = 1
        return self.reconfigure(fullrebuild, "HalfPixelShift")

    def delHalfPixelShift(self):
        if ("HalfPixelShift" in self.configuration):
            del self.configuration["HalfPixelShift"]
            return self.reconfigure(True, "HalfPixelShift")
        return True

    def setViewGlow(self):
        fullrebuild = (("ViewGlow" in self.configuration) == False)
        self.configuration["ViewGlow"] = 1
        return self.reconfigure(fullrebuild, "ViewGlow")

    def delViewGlow(self):
        if ("ViewGlow" in self.configuration):
            del self.configuration["ViewGlow"]
            return self.reconfigure(True, "ViewGlow")
        return True

    def setInverted(self):
        fullrebuild = (("Inverted" in self.configuration) == False)
        self.configuration["Inverted"] = 1
        return self.reconfigure(fullrebuild, "Inverted")

    def delInverted(self):
        if ("Inverted" in self.configuration):
            del self.configuration["Inverted"]
            return self.reconfigure(True, "Inverted")
        return True

    def setVolumetricLighting(self, caster, numsamples = 32, density = 5.0, decay = 0.1, exposure = 0.1, source = "color"):
        oldconfig = self.configuration.get("VolumetricLighting", None)
        fullrebuild = True
        if (oldconfig) and (oldconfig.source == source) and (oldconfig.numsamples == int(numsamples)):
            fullrebuild = False
        newconfig = FilterConfig()
        newconfig.caster = caster
        newconfig.numsamples = int(numsamples)
        newconfig.density = density
        newconfig.decay = decay
        newconfig.exposure = exposure
        newconfig.source = source
        self.configuration["VolumetricLighting"] = newconfig
        return self.reconfigure(fullrebuild, "VolumetricLighting")

    def delVolumetricLighting(self):
        if ("VolumetricLighting" in self.configuration):
            del self.configuration["VolumetricLighting"]
            return self.reconfigure(True, "VolumetricLighting")
        return True

    def setBlurSharpen(self, amount=0.0):
        """Enables the blur/sharpen filter. If the 'amount' parameter is 1.0, it will not have effect.
        A value of 0.0 means fully blurred, and a value higher than 1.0 sharpens the image."""
        fullrebuild = (("BlurSharpen" in self.configuration) == False)
        self.configuration["BlurSharpen"] = amount
        return self.reconfigure(fullrebuild, "BlurSharpen")

    def delBlurSharpen(self):
        if ("BlurSharpen" in self.configuration):
            del self.configuration["BlurSharpen"]
            return self.reconfigure(True, "BlurSharpen")
        return True

    def setAmbientOcclusion(self, numsamples = 16, radius = 0.05, amount = 2.0, strength = 0.01, falloff = 0.000002):
        fullrebuild = (("AmbientOcclusion" in self.configuration) == False)

        if (not fullrebuild):
            fullrebuild = (numsamples != self.configuration["AmbientOcclusion"].numsamples)

        newconfig = FilterConfig()
        newconfig.numsamples = numsamples
        newconfig.radius = radius
        newconfig.amount = amount
        newconfig.strength = strength
        newconfig.falloff = falloff
        self.configuration["AmbientOcclusion"] = newconfig
        return self.reconfigure(fullrebuild, "AmbientOcclusion")

    def delAmbientOcclusion(self):
        if ("AmbientOcclusion" in self.configuration):
            del self.configuration["AmbientOcclusion"]
            return self.reconfigure(True, "AmbientOcclusion")
        return True

    def setGammaAdjust(self, gamma):
        """ Applies additional gamma correction to the image.  1.0 = no correction. """
        old_gamma = self.configuration.get("GammaAdjust", 1.0)
        if old_gamma != gamma:
            self.configuration["GammaAdjust"] = gamma
            return self.reconfigure(True, "GammaAdjust")
        return True

    def delGammaAdjust(self):
        if ("GammaAdjust" in self.configuration):
            old_gamma = self.configuration["GammaAdjust"]
            del self.configuration["GammaAdjust"]
            return self.reconfigure((old_gamma != 1.0), "GammaAdjust")
        return True

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: What's the correct URI for a PUT REST request? What's the correct URI for a PUT REST request if i want to edit/update only one article?
Is it:
// PUT api/articles

or:
// PUT api/articles/id

UPDATE
I don't know if i can send the article id from the body with all other attributes (title, etc.) and emit the id from the URI or should i add it to the URI as well. But i guess that i got my answer already. Will have the id in the body and URI i guess.

A: If you're following REST principles, then the correct answer is, "Whatever you got back in the Location header from the POST request that created the resource". The basic idea is that the server assigns a URI path as the resource identifier when the resource is created. That path is what you then use in subsequent requests, including GET, PUT and DELETE, when you want to refer to the same resource.
If the resource you want to update is retrieved by doing a GET to /api/articles, then use /api/articles for your PUT request too. If you GET /api/articles/id, then use PUT /api/articles/id to make changes to it.

A: Based on what you are saying, I'm guessing you want to update or create a new article, not replace all articles.
PUT is used to replace the resource that you are targeting. This means that:
PUT api/articles

creates or replaces all your articles, and:
PUT api/articles/id

Creates or replaces the article 'id'.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Tuesday: Mrs. Whitlock will be out for a workshop in Valdosta. Students will complete a lesson on codehs.com. Python course > Control Flow > Lesson 10 "For Loops". This needs to be complete by Wednesday at the beginning of class.
Wednesday - Friday: Students will start a RingTone challenge and will have class time on Wed, Thurs and Friday to work on it. Students may work independently or with a partner. Written component must be independent.
Upcoming test on Wednesday, 10/25/17. Test will cover functions, strings and for loops.


text:
ad·jec·tive | \ ˈa-jik-tiv also ˈa-jə-tiv \
Definition of adjective
(Entry 1 of 2)
: a word belonging to one of the major form classes in any of numerous languages and typically serving as a modifier of a noun to denote a quality of the thing named, to indicate its quantity or extent, or to specify a thing as distinct from something else The word red in "the red car" is an adjective.
Definition of adjective (Entry 2 of 2)
1 : of, relating to, or functioning as an adjective an adjective clause
2 : not standing by itself : dependent
3 : requiring or employing a mordant adjective dyes
4 : procedural adjective law
Other Words from adjective What is an adjective? More Example Sentences Learn More about adjective
Other Words from adjective
adjectively adverb
Adjectives describe or modify—that is, they limit or restrict the meaning of—nouns and pronouns. They may name qualities of all kinds: huge, red, angry, tremendous, unique, rare, etc.
An adjective usually comes right before a noun: "a red dress," "fifteen people." When an adjective follows a linking verb such as be or seem, it is called a predicate adjective: "That building is huge," "The workers seem happy." Most adjectives can be used as predicate adjectives, although some are always used before a noun. Similarly, a few adjectives can only be used as predicate adjectives and are never used before a noun.
Some adjectives describe qualities that can exist in different amounts or degrees. To do this, the adjective will either change in form (usually by adding -er or -est) or will be used with words like more, most, very, slightly, etc.: "the older girls," "the longest day of the year," "a very strong feeling," "more expensive than that one." Other adjectives describe qualities that do not vary—"nuclear energy," "a medical doctor"—and do not change form.
The four demonstrative adjectives—this, that, these, and those—are identical to the demonstrative pronouns. They are used to distinguish the person or thing being described from others of the same category or class. This and these describe people or things that are nearby, or in the present. That and those are used to describe people or things that are not here, not nearby, or in the past or future. These adjectives, like the definite and indefinite articles (a, an, and the), always come before any other adjectives that modify a noun.
An indefinite adjective describes a whole group or class of people or things, or a person or thing that is not identified or familiar. The most common indefinite adjectives are: all, another, any, both, each, either, enough, every, few, half, least, less, little, many, more, most, much, neither, one (and two, three, etc.), other, several, some, such, whole.
The interrogative adjectives—primarily which, what, and whose—are used to begin questions. They can also be used as interrogative pronouns.
Which horse did you bet on? = Which did you bet on?
What songs did they sing? = What did they sing?
Whose coat is this? = Whose is this?
The possessive adjectives—my, your, his, her, its, our, their—tell you who has, owns, or has experienced something, as in "I admired her candor, "Our cat is 14 years old," and "They said their trip was wonderful."
Nouns often function like adjectives. When they do, they are called attributive nouns.
When two or more adjectives are used before a noun, they should be put in proper order. Any article (a, an, the), demonstrative adjective (that, these, etc.), indefinite adjective (another, both, etc.), or possessive adjective (her, our, etc.) always comes first. If there is a number, it comes first or second. True adjectives always come before attributive nouns. The ordering of true adjectives will vary, but the following order is the most common: opinion word→size→age→shape→color→nationality→material.
Participles are often used like ordinary adjectives. They may come before a noun or after a linking verb. A present participle (an -ing word) describes the person or thing that causes something; for example, a boring conversation is one that bores you. A past participle (usually an -ed word) describes the person or thing who has been affected by something; for example, a bored person is one who has been affected by boredom.
They had just watched an exciting soccer game.
The instructions were confusing.
She's excited about the trip to North Africa.
Several confused students were asking questions about the test.
The lake was frozen.
Examples of adjective in a Sentence
Noun The words blue in "the blue car," deep in "the water is deep," and tired in "I'm very tired" are adjectives.
Recent Examples on the Web: Noun Battle-tested will be an appropriate adjective for whichever team makes it out of what should be a grueling NFC playoffs. — Geoff Clark, USA TODAY Sportsbook Wire, "NFL futures betting: NFC Champion odds, picks and best bets," 24 Dec. 2019 Earlier in the show, Fallon asked his celebrity guests for a series of nouns, adjectives, verbs, phrases, expletives, etc. — Nick Romano, EW.com, "Keri Russell and Jon Hamm play goofy flight attendants for Jimmy Fallon's Mad Lib Theater," 12 Dec. 2019 When the victim asked the neighbor to calm down, the neighbor called the victim a disrespectful name consisting of a noun and an adjective. — Bob Sandrick, cleveland.com, "Wanted man arrested in his yard; woman yells at neighbor, landscaper: Berea police blotter," 19 July 2019 These socks are warm, colorful, and soft—all adjectives that should describe every pair of socks ever made. — Kate Tully Ellsworth, USA TODAY, "25 perfect last-minute gifts under $20," 16 Dec. 2019 There are simply too many hyperbolic adjectives and too few nouns. — NBC News, "Meet the Press - December 8, 2019," 8 Dec. 2019 Neither adjective reinforced the sense that either key player remained neutral on the evidence or outcome — a bone of impeachment contention that Republicans relentlessly gnawed upon. — CBS News, "This round of impeachment hearings is over. What did we learn, and what happens next?," 23 Nov. 2019 Cole appeared fallible, an adjective no sane person could slap on Cole throughout this season. — Chandler Rome, Houston Chronicle, "Astros drop Game 1 of World Series to Nationals," 22 Oct. 2019 It can be used as a noun, a verb, an adjective, a conjunction or an interjection. — Washington Post, "Language evolves, and that's okay (O.K.?)," 29 Sep. 2019 Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective Often the best strategy here is to think of action verbs, then modify them into adjective form. — Peter Jones, USA TODAY, "Use these 8 words to describe yourself during a job interview," 17 Aug. 2017
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'adjective.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
First Known Use of adjective
14th century, in the meaning defined above
15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1
History and Etymology for adjective
Middle English adjectif, borrowed from Anglo-French & Late Latin; Anglo-French adjectyf, borrowed from Late Latin adjectīvum, from neuter of adjectivus adjective entry 2 (as translation of Greek epítheton)
Middle English adjectif, borrowed from Anglo-French & Late Latin; Anglo-French adjectyf, borrowed from Late Latin adjectīvus, from Latin adjectus (past participle of adjicere "to throw at, attach, contribute, add to (in speech or writing)," from ad- ad- + jacere "to throw") + -īvus -ive — more at jet entry 3
Learn More about adjective
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Time Traveler for adjective
The first known use of adjective was in the 14th century
See more words from the same century
From the Editors at Merriam-Webster
A Word on the Classical 'Collateral...
A Word on the Classical 'Collateral Adjective'
Or, how 'feline' is an adjective for 'cat'
How Do You Modify an Adjective?
Use a dictionary—or use your ear
Nouns That Look Like Adjectives
Can a noun really describe another noun?
Dictionary Entries near adjective
adjag
adject
adjectival
adjective equivalent
adjectivize
adjoin
Statistics for adjective
"Adjective." The Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Inc., https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/adjectively. Accessed 20 January 2020.
More Definitions for adjective
English Language Learners Definition of adjective
: a word that describes a noun or a pronoun
See the full definition for adjective in the English Language Learners Dictionary
ad·jec·tive | \ ˈa-jik-tiv \
Kids Definition of adjective
: a word that says something about a noun or pronoun In the phrases "good people," "someone good," "it's good to be here," and "they seem very good" the word "good" is an adjective.
More from Merriam-Webster on adjective
Spanish Central: Translation of adjective
Nglish: Translation of adjective for Spanish Speakers
Britannica English: Translation of adjective for Arabic Speakers
Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about adjective
Comments on adjective
What made you want to look up adjective? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).
harden replace
adorn censor


text:
At Shadhika, we know that our most important and inspiring assets are the people who make up our organization.
By My Lo Cook, Executive Director
Please join us in welcoming Lakshmi Krishnan, Vanessa Chauhan, and Uma Iyer to the Shadhika Board of Directors.
At Shadhika, we know that our most important and inspiring assets are the people who make up our organization. We are thrilled to welcome our new boards members who will expand our leadership with new perspectives and strengthen our committed Board of Directors in order to navigate the continued uncertainty in 2021 with steadfast conviction in our mission.
Lakshmi is an action-oriented philanthropist with deep experience in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and nonprofit program management for mission-oriented organizations. In her current role at Benevity, she works with many fortune 500 companies to help manage their grantmaking programs through the use of technology. She has a passion for women empowerment, using education as the ticket to a better life. Shadhika's partner-driven grassroots approach helps her connect to her roots in India.
Vanessa is an independent subject matter consultant with 15 years of expertise working on issues of human trafficking and gender-based violence. She has acquired a unique speciality in creating highly customized, intensive training and consulting engagements to develop effective, sustainable, multi-disciplinary and survivor-centered responses to these crimes. Vanessa brings her empowerment and feminist-driven passion for social justice and equity to Shadhika and its program constituents and stakeholders. Vanessa is originally from Zambia and currently resides in Frankfort, KY. She loves to travel and eat her way around the world.
Uma Mehta Iyer is a social impact strategist and data-driven storyteller with almost two decades of experience working in brand management, marketing, strategic communications, and revenue generation. Currently Vice President for Marketing & Communications at the National Women's Law Center, Ms. Iyer oversees media relations and digital and field organizing strategies, manages crisis communications, and leads efforts to build the organization's national brand visibility. Prior to joining NWLC, Ms. Iyer spent her career working to advance gender equality, public health, and civic engagement, and has spoken across the country on issues of youth engagement, gender equality, and social impact. She studied Political Science and Economics at the University of Houston, and resides in Washington, DC with her family.
Learn more about the Shadhika team and board.


I saw in Vermont they elected this goat, Lincoln, as Mayor.
Unclear by his name if he's a Democrat but he certainly has a much better chance than most the 2020 candidates.
I enjoy a fun fight and I'm really looking forward to the Democratic primaries.
It's going to be hilarious to watch them try to out-PC, out-left each other.
They'll start off all nice like their anti-bullying bullying, but soon the field will descend into attack politics.
Like Bernie and Hillary, they're all playing nice until they're not.
Recognizing they fail by playing Mr. / Mrs. / Non-binary Good Guys / Gals / Them they'll start chewing away at each other.
I'm thinking at least we wouldn't have to listen to the goat poorly attack his rivals.
The only thing it would eat is the stage and perhaps gnaw away at a pant-leg here and there.
And certainly Lincoln might also have a chance against Trump.
He won't get pulled into Trump's obvious attacks.
The most he can do is bah back.
And not giving Trump the attention he so desperately craves, he may eat away at him a little too.
The Democrats could do the same if they learned a little about winning.
And a lot about defending against Trump's attacks, and attacking him in the right ways.
The Democrats attack like the dorky kid at the front of the class trying to sound cool.
Yet if they learn a thing or two it would make it more fun for us, and perhaps even give Trump a run.
I know they have this all figured out—hahahahaha—but I'm doing my best to even the playing field.
P.S. I'm considering working with Lincoln but haven't yet taken on a winner, so my $5,000,000 offer is still open.


Attorney General's Office "holds open" KOMA complaint; takes almost four years to respond | Kautsch Law, L.L.C.
This spring, the Manhattan Free Press finally received a response from the Attorney General's Office (AGO) to an open meetings complaint it filed in 2012 against county officials. Although the response finds the officials in violation of law, the AGO declined to penalize them. Moreover, the response implies that the complainant is somehow responsible for the delay and lack of enforcement.
First, some background. On March 12, 2012, Riley County Commissioners and Geary County Commissioners conducted a joint meeting that the editor of the Free Press believed violated the Kansas Open Meetings Act (KOMA) for numerous reasons. The Free Press filed a complaint with the Geary County Attorney, Steve Opat, on April 30, 2012, as the applicable statute allows for open government complaints to be filed with county or district attorneys. The complaint included an article published in the paper reporting on the alleged violations.
However, rather than investigate the complaint, the Geary County Attorney forwarded the complaint to the AGO. Mr. Opat provided several documents in support of his contention that the commission had not violated KOMA, including an email from the Riley County counselor, Clancy Holeman.
Once the AGO received the complaint and documents from Mr. Opat in defense of the agencies, it wrote letters to Mr. Opat and Mr. Holeman, asking for an additional response. Mr. Opat and Mr. Holeman then wrote back and submitted "[o]ver 60 exhibits." Mr. Opat and Mr. Holeman also delivered a letter to the AGO on August 14, 2015.
In contrast, the Free Press submitted only one email and one article to the county attorney on April 30, 2012, did not have direct contact with the AGO until March 2, 2016, and heard nothing from anyone about the complaint until then.
In deciding not to penalize the county officials, the AGO presumably applied K.S.A. 75-4320, which provides that civil penalties are mandatory only for "knowing" or "intentional" violations of the law. However, the AGO's letter never cites any statute to justify its decision.
More importantly, the AGO's letter to the Free Press fails to explain why simply closing the complaint as soon as possible would not ensure compliance with the law, and cites no authority in support of the position that the "holding open" open of government complaints actually ensures compliance. Rather, by statute, the AGO has authority to dispose of each KOMA complaint as it arises. If holding a complaint "open" simply means that the AGO does not disclose for years that officials violated KOMA, they do not have the benefit of receiving timely notice that they fell short and need to do a better job of complying with the law. Meanwhile, the complainant remains in the dark, wondering whether the AGO takes its KOMA enforcement responsibilities seriously.
Moreover, the letter the Free Press received seems to suggest that the county officials were not ordered to complete KOMA training at least in part because the AGO had not received any other complaints or "additional reported concerns from you." The implication is that because the complainant did not follow up with the AGO, despite never being notified that the AGO was reviewing the case, the complainant is somehow responsible for the AGO's determination that it need not order KOMA training in this instance. Not only is that an unreasonable expectation to place on a complainant that appears nowhere in any law or regulation, the AGO had continued contact with the counsel for the violating agencies, while failing to advise the complainant, who was without counsel, of the opportunity to communicate any additional concerns. As a result, the AGO risks being perceived as biased toward the agencies and against the complainant.
Ultimately, the Free Press had to wait four years for a finding of violation that in fact did not even require the violating agencies to attend training, ostensibly because the complainant failed to follow up on a complaint filed in 2012. If this is indicative of how the AGO handles KOMA complaints, that office needs reform or a new system of open government enforcement is needed.


Waterproofing is the process of making an object or structure waterproof or water-resistant, so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions. Such items may be used in wet environments or under water to specified depths.
Address 573, 10th Post Lane, Athurugiriya Road, Malabe.


From Wired News, apparently Italian geophysicist Pietro Cosentino has been using sonic tomogopraphy to fingerprint wooden, ceramic, and stone objects. The non-invasive process records sonic vibrations after an object is struck with a small rubber hammer. The technology could have some interesting possible uses for identifying objects. There are a few potential hurdles though. First, the technology is extremely expensive. The sonic fingerprinting system costs between 15,000-20,000 Euros. Also, the sonic fingerprints change over time, so the process must be conducted regularly to be effective. There is also a risk of some less-than trustworthy individuals using the technology for false identification.


During the period between February and May, 2017 Financial university (Moscow) has organized the VI International competition of students and graduate students' scientific works for support and stimulation of research activity, creations of conditions for realization of their creative potential, identification of talented youth and attraction.
On the final stage of a competition, 310 works from 346 authors were applied for the contest. Student of BelSU Institute of economy Alla Reznik with scientific work "Economic security of the region: a state and the directions of development (on the example of the Belgorod region)" became of the winners. Her research supervisor – Candidate of Economic Sciences, the associate professor of world economy Elena Dorokhova.
Contest works were judged by highly competent jury of the famous politicians and economists. Honorary diplomas were signed by the vice rector for scientific work of Financial university V. V. Maslennikov.
"Participation in such events gives students the chance to acquire valuable knowledge and experience. The competition left exclusively positive emotions and became one of the brightest stages in my life. I was glad to represent our university and Institute of economy at the international level", – said Alla Reznik.


"Passionate people serving a passionate Saviour"
Welcome to the Northern Baptist Association: the family of Baptists from East Cleveland to Kirkby Stephen, and from Northallerton to Berwick. We have had Baptist churches in this area for over 350 years, but far from being static and complacent, we continue to engage in mission and church planting with creative initiatives in Wooler and Loftus.
We are passionate to see God's Kingdom come in power to touch people's lives and shape our society. We engage together in developing, encouraging and supporting churches to be creative in mission, facilitating effective ministries and seeking ways of strategic collaboration.
Many people give freely of their time and work alongside our Association staff. Our Council is responsible for overseeing our life, but their work is delegated to five groups covering ministry, mission, resources, Home Mission, and Assemblies.


Made with Climacool technology for cooling and ventilation, adidas Performance Gloves feature subtle mesh backing for added breathability and style. Ergonomic palm padding gives you total grip and comfort while the reinforced knuckle panels help to support the fingers without restricting movement. Integrated thumb towelling absorbs sweat during more intense workouts whilst the adjustable fastening provides a secure fit allowing you to focus on your training.