THE VILLAGE OF AHMED AWA—a single street of ramshackle shops and restaurants—sits inside a mountain gorge just above the fertile plains of Iraqi Kurdistan, about ten miles west of the Iranian border. Beyond the village, a dirt parking lot marks the start of the trail to the Ahmed Awa waterfall, one of Iraq's most popular nature spots. The morning that I visited, in January, was clear and warm, but it was still unmistakably winter. The wild pomegranate, walnut, and fig trees that cover the slopes along the river leading to the cataract were bare, and I could see the torrent rushing by through a skein of skeletal branches. A cold rain had fallen during the night, and as I set off on my hike, joined by a Kurdish interpreter and the driver of our taxi, I had to keep to the edge of the trail, close to the drop-off, to avoid sinking into pools of mud.
As we hiked into the Zagros Mountains, which rise to nearly 12,000 feet along the border between Iraq and Iran, the driver grew nervous. "We're going to have lunch in Tehran," he said with a tense laugh. He had reason for his gallows humor: Six months earlier, three Americans—Shane Bauer, 27; his girlfriend, Sarah Shourd, 31; and Josh Fattal, 27, Bauer's former housemate from the University of California at Berkeley—had walked along this same trail, with disastrous results. The hikers had—accidentally, it seems—strayed across the unmarked border into Iran, been seized by border guards, accused of being U.S. spies, and transported to the notorious Evin Prison, in Tehran, where they remained as this story went to press, in March. Bauer, Shourd, and Fattal are experienced globetrotters who've traveled to such hot spots as Yemen, Kosovo, and Lebanon; two of the three speak Arabic. Yet somehow—through lack of preparation, cultural misunderstanding, ignorance, or a combination of all three—these sophisticated nomads had wandered into one of the worst places on earth to be an American. Now I was retracing their footsteps, trying to understand how they'd made such a catastrophic error.
The path was deserted; when the American hikers were here, at the height of summer, it would have been crowded with families of Iraqi Kurds. The trees along the river would have been leafy and bountiful with fruit, and wildflowers would have speckled the now monochromatic pale green slopes. Ahead of us, a sign in Kurdish script identified the settlement of Zorm, a cluster of stone-and-mud huts perched on an outcropping. We slid down a muddy slope to talk to a farmer drying pomegranate rinds on the roof of his house. He remembered seeing the Americans when they stopped for tea before continuing to the waterfall. Two mornings later, he said, police and intelligence officers swarmed the village, informing locals that "the Americans have been arrested in Iran." The farmer suspected that their transgression had been deliberate, though there are no signs to announce the border. "Nobody has ever made that mistake before," he said. "Who knows? Maybe it was their secret task to go."
The trail became steeper, and the gorge narrowed. The sun was shining in a cloudless sky, burning off the mist that had shrouded the jagged, snow-dappled peaks ahead of us, in Iran. Fifteen minutes later, we reached a thundering 60-foot cascade that turned the turbines in an adjacent hydroelectric power station. There we met another local, a former peshmerga—a Kurdish freedom fighter—who'd battled the Iraqi army in these mountains in the eighties and now owned walnut orchards here. Over the water's roar, he told us that the border was a two-hour walk east into the mountains. Almost all hikers come to look at the waterfall and then turn back, he said. But somehow the Americans had kept walking. From what he'd learned, they'd slept outside and crossed the border in the early morning, when the trail was empty.
"Nobody could warn them," he said.
THE THREE HIKERS could hardly have picked a worse time to fall into Iranian hands. Hostility between the United States and the Islamist regime has reached a level not seen since the 1979 hostage crisis, when a gang of students and militants seized 66 Americans at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and held the majority of them for 444 days. Iran's pursuit of nuclear weapons, President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's Holocaust denials and anti-Israel diatribes, the surging power of Iran's anti-Western Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, and the regime's suppression of the country's pro-democracy movement have driven rhetoric to new heights of acrimony.
Several U.S. citizens have been seized or allegedly seized by Iran's government in the past three years. These include Roxana Saberi, a former Miss North Dakota and Iranian-American journalist for National Public Radio, who was jailed for four months in 2009 on spying charges; Robert Levinson, a former FBI agent and private detective who disappeared in March 2007 while apparently investigating a cigarette-smuggling case for an unnamed client in the Persian Gulf; and Ali Shakeri, an Iranian-born mortgage banker and peace activist from California, who spent 140 days in Evin after he was arrested in 2007 while visiting his ailing mother in Tehran. According to Alireza Nader, an Iran specialist for the RAND Corporation, a California-based think tank, these arrests have become standard procedure, a situation that's not likely to change. "It has been [the government's] modus operandi since the 1979 revolution," Nader says.
When a civilian is jailed in Iran, the U.S. government is dealt a hopeless hand. The State Department has had no diplomatic relations with Iran since 1979 and must rely on the Swiss Embassy's Foreign Interests Section to help negotiate any release. In typical fashion, State's diplomats have been extremely cautious about what they will say regarding the three jailed hikers. Philip Frayne, the U.S. Embassy spokesman in Baghdad, will only confirm that they have been reaching out to regional allies like Syria and Turkey. "We've asked everyone who has relations with the Iranians to put in a request with the Iranian government to release the three," he says. One top official in the Kurdish regional government, former freedom fighter Sadi Ahmed Pire, maintains that Iraqi president Jalal Talabani, whose warm relations with Iran date back to the eighties, has appealed personally to Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, to free the Americans on humanitarian grounds. "The president [is making the case] that it's a matter of fairness to make their stay in prison very short," he says.
That's certainly what their families hope. The hikers' parents—Shane's mother, Cindy Hickey, and her husband, Jim, in Pine City, Minnesota; Shane's dad, Al Bauer, two hours south in Prior Lake; Nora Shourd, in Los Angeles; and Laura and Jacob Fattal, in Cheltenham, Pennsylvania—have reached out to the regime, sending letters to Ahmadinejad and appealing via video to Ayatollah Khamenei. They've also called on public figures in the U.S. and abroad to lend their voices to the free-the-hikers campaign.
The silence was finally broken on March 9, when Iranian authorities permitted each of the hikers to call home. Reliable reports had indicated that Bauer, Shourd, and Fattal had been treated with particular severity inside Evin: locked in solitary confinement, subjected to frequent interrogations, and, with the exception of a few letters from home and two visits from Swiss diplomats, denied contact with the outside world. But in the short phone calls—which lasted only several minutes each and were likely monitored by Iranian guards—the Americans said their treatment had been humane. Bauer and Fattal share a cell, they told their parents, and Shourd is permitted daily one-hour visits with her friends. The three said they were getting exercise, eating reasonably well, and even being permitted glances at state-run Iranian TV. But they were still in prison.
For all the hikers have endured, the stateside response has been muted compared with the attention lavished last year on Roxana Saberi, or on Current TV journalists Laura Ling and Euna Lee—who strayed across North Korea's border from China in March 2009 and were sentenced to 12 years' hard labor before being granted amnesty two months later. Few people buy the Iranians' claim that the hikers were working for the CIA. But they lack powerful media sponsors, and they suffer from a widespread perception that their predicament is their own fault.
"'Hiking' between two countries which are in the news every day, and then calling it 'outrageous' when they are arrested is...completely ridiculous," commented one reader on the Web site of the progressive magazine Mother Jones, to which Bauer has contributed occasional freelance stories. "These morons...deserved to be detained." Many people I talked to about the case expressed bewilderment, even a hint of scorn, at how they could have been so clueless.
For the hikers' families, the calls seemed a hopeful sign that their children might be released within weeks. But, whenever their ordeal ends, it serves as a frightening reminder of the political fault lines that often run along the world's geographical boundaries. The trio's imprisonment has drawn new attention to the dangers of adventure travel in an era when conflict zones can turn overnight into trendy destinations, guidebook writers can't keep up with expanding appetites for edge-of-the-world experiences, and gung-ho vagabonds venture into places where having a U.S. passport can put you at risk.
As I discovered in my own travels through the region, Bauer, Shourd, and Fattal are indeed partly to blame; they went into Kurdistan with a shocking lack of preparation. Even so, they were not well served by those they turned to for advice, and they fell victim to a sequence of small mistakes and misunderstandings that snowballed into a catastrophe—and turned them from innocent backpackers into pawns in a high-stakes face-off between implacable enemies.
MOST OF WHAT the country has heard about the Americans' capture has come from the so-called fourth hiker, Shon Meckfessel. A 37-year-old writer, musician, and student of Serbo-Croatian and Arabic now getting his Ph.D. in language theory at the University of Washington, Meckfessel traveled with Bauer, Shourd, and Fattal as far as the regional hub of Sulaymaniyah, a bustling town about 30 miles west of the Zagros Mountains. The night before their camping trip, he came down with a fever and stayed back at the hotel. He last saw his friends on Thursday evening, July 30, as they piled into a taxi for the 90-minute drive up to Ahmed Awa.
Meckfessel and his friends represent an idealistic breed of young American: cosmopolitan, curious, and engaged with the world. Each is the kind of expat—journalist, teacher, activist—who is devoted to bridging the gap between the U.S. and less developed countries, even in unstable areas where anti-American feeling may be rife. These travelers are in many ways the opposite of the ugly American—learning the local language, engaging with people, and debating their country's policies in the bistros of Eastern Europe or the refugee camps of the Middle East. As Meckfessel says, "I'm interested in cultures that people in the U.S. misunderstand."
The four converged in the Middle East through activist circles in the San Francisco Bay Area. Bauer, who grew up north of Minneapolis, and Fattal, who's from the Philadelphia suburbs, met at Berkeley. After graduation, in 2004, Fattal became a staffer at Aprovecho, a nonprofit outside Eugene, Oregon, that designs low-impact stoves for the developing world. Bauer stayed in the Bay Area, trying to get a career as a journalist off the ground. He traveled in the Balkans and the Middle East and protested against the Iraq war.
Around 2005, Bauer met Sarah Shourd, a Berkeley grad from Los Angeles who was teaching English to newly arrived immigrants. The couple soon began living together in Oakland. They also found they had a mutual friend: Shon Meckfessel, another Bay Area resident whom Shourd had met on a relief trip to New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina and who knew Bauer from local music clubs and the activist scene.
In August 2008, the couple moved to Damascus, Syria, for a year. The capital of a Baathist police state, Damascus is nonetheless a seductive city with a secular atmosphere. Shourd studied Arabic and taught English at a language academy and to Iraqi refugees. Bauer freelanced for Mother Jones and The Nation. They fell easily into the thriving expat scene that revolves around the bars and cafés of the Old City.
Overall, they struck other Damascus expats as friendly and well-intentioned: Bauer is slight and energetic, while Shourd exudes a sweet, homey vibe that can belie her countercultural ideas. "They were very idealistic—a nice couple of kids," says British freelance correspondent Kate Clark. "They wanted to make the world a better place."
Last summer, Fattal and Meckfessel caught up with Bauer and Shourd. Fattal had just finished a semester as a teaching fellow at the International Honors Program, traveling around the world with 33 undergraduates. Meckfessel was spending the summer in Damascus after studying Arabic throughout the region. The four began planning a ten-day trip to coincide with Shourd's summer break. They'd already seen Lebanon, Syria, and Jordan and were looking for a new adventure; after talking to a number of other expatriates, they settled on Iraqi Kurdistan.
"Friends told us they'd been to Sulaymaniyah, to the mountains," Meckfessel says. "One said it was the most beautiful nature he'd ever seen in his life." Known by travel-savvy Westerners as the "safe Iraq," Kurdistan has been pro-American since George H. W. Bush sided with the Kurds in their uprising against Saddam Hussein after the Gulf war of 1991. There hasn't been a significant terrorist attack there since 2004.
But getting precise travel information proved difficult. The Americans had loaned their Middle East Lonely Planet guide to a friend and resorted to a poorly detailed map printed from the Web. "We didn't feel we had to do real in-depth preparation," Meckfessel admits.
FOR DECADES, the autonomous region of Iraqi Kurdistan was one of the most violent corners of the Middle East. The center of an ethnic Kurdish belt that extends from eastern Turkey to western Iran, it was targeted in the eighties by Saddam Hussein, who—in an effort to stamp out a series of rebellions—razed 4,000 Kurdish villages, slaughtering at least 50,000 civilians. In April 1991, Saddam's forces drove hundreds of thousands of Kurds across the mountains into Turkey. The first President Bush demanded the withdrawal of Iraq's troops, which helped the Kurds run an autonomous government. After the U.S. invasion of Iraq in March 2003, the Kurds began to develop their economy and open up to foreign tourists.
Many of these are European, but over the past two years a steady trickle of Americans—low-budget travelers who work in the region and retirees on package tours—have made their way here, drawn by the snowy mountains and green valleys, the culture, or simply the thrill of visiting Iraq. The standard route is overland across the Turkish border, or by Atlasjet flights from Istanbul to the Kurdish capital of Erbil. Still, Rebwar Daoud, who runs Babel Tours, in Erbil, told me that drumming up business isn't easy. "We are trying to create a good image of Kurdistan," he said, "but many people of Europe and America think, 'You are going to Iraq? Oh, no, you are crazy.' "
To get a sense of the hikers' overland journey, I flew to Diyarbakir, in the Kurdish region of Turkey. I spent a night in a 16th-century converted caravansary, then hired a taxi to take me 175 miles east to the border at Silopi, where the four had crossed into Iraq. Darkness fell and, as the lights of the Iraqi border town of Zakho shone on the horizon, we rumbled across a suspension bridge over the Khabur River. At the border post—flying only a Kurdish flag, not an Iraqi one—a smiling official served me tea and stamped my U.S. passport after a cursory scan. There, I met my translator—an Iranian Kurd named Jamshid—and hired a driver before heading on in the morning to Sulaymaniyah, six hours southeast.
The road twisted and turned through treeless mountains and fertile plains, past villages rebuilt after being bulldozed by Saddam. We reached Sulaymaniyah around nightfall and retraced the hikers' path to the Miwan Hotel, a second-floor hole-in-the-wall a few doors down from a pirated-DVD shop.
"They were polite, no trouble; they didn't even ask to take a shower," said Muzafad Mohammed Zeli, the proprietor, a mustachioed 55-year-old wearing traditional baggy cotton pants. On the wall of the reception area, I noticed three photos of the Ahmed Awa waterfall. These pictures, Meckfessel recalls, were part of what had piqued the hikers' interest in the first place. "All of us asked the owner where we should go to see the mountains," he says, "and he pointed at the photos."
Zeli, Meckfessel says, was one of ten people in Kurdistan who recommended they visit Ahmed Awa, but none of them mentioned that it was anywhere near the border. Zeli, however, insisted that he'd never discussed Ahmed Awa with the four. "If I had known," he told me, "I would have warned them not to go."
Ahmed Awa wasn't on the Americans' map, but they decided that it must lie in a mountain range near Dukhan, north of Sulaymaniyah and about 30 miles west of the border. They imagined following a hiking circuit through the mountains, camping under the stars. "For the Kurds, Ahmed Awa is a two-hour trip," Meckfessel says. "We were thinking in terms of Yosemite—several days."
The friends settled into a brightly painted room with four beds, for which they paid 40,000 Iraqi dinars (about $35). The next day they toured the city, stocked up on provisions for their trip, and e-mailed home. "Hey sweetness," Shourd wrote her mother. "So, we're traveling. Actually, we're in N. Iraq! It's totally safe. The Kurds in this area have been pro-American since 1991. ...So, don't worry. Tonight we're going camping. I love you."
On the walk back to the hotel, Meckfessel began to feel feverish. He stayed behind as the other three set off in a taxi for the mountains at about 6:30 P.M. The plan was to meet on the trail the next day. Early in the morning, Friday, July 31, he got a cell-phone call from Bauer, who urged him to hurry and join them. "You totally could have slept here," Bauer told him. "The weather was warm all night. It was really comfortable." The hikers had camped under blankets in a clearing beyond the waterfall, Bauer said, then gotten up at 4 A.M. and started hiking again in the dawn light.
Astonishingly, Bauer and the others still didn't realize they were anywhere near Iran; armed only with their Web map, they continued east, oblivious to their true location. Later, local newspapers would report that the three Americans were indeed warned—by a soldier at the last checkpoint before Ahmed Awa. "Be careful," he allegedly told them. "There are no signs about the Iranian border." If he did tell them, the message didn't sink in. But six months later, when I passed through the same checkpoint, two guards inspected my passport carefully and demanded that Jamshid, my interpreter, leave his own identification card behind.
"If you are arrested in Iran," one of them affably explained, "we can find the clues more easily."
Even if the hikers had known the border was nearby, they still could have missed it. According to retired U.S. colonel Harry Schute, who runs tourism and security businesses in Erbil, "you would think that it would be a readily identifiable feature like the top of hill or a river, but it's just the middle of a slope, with some blocks on the ground. And if you don't know what that rock means, you can cross without realizing it." There's a huge smuggling industry on the border, Schute says, and the hikers—who speak no Farsi or Kurdish—could've been reassured by the movement back and forth. "There's a lot of traffic. Watching these folks, you might think you're OK, and next thing you know..."
Shortly after noon that Friday, Meckfessel sent Bauer two text messages saying he was on his way. Both went unanswered. "Then, at 1:13 P.M., I saw Shane was calling," Meckfessel recalls. "I said, 'How are you doing?' and he said, 'We're in trouble.' He was really serious. Worried, but not panicked."
Bauer was inside a vehicle. "We were hiking and suddenly we had Iranian guards around us," Meckfessel remembers him saying. "We had hiked up to the border and we didn't realize it. We've been taken into custody, and they're taking us somewhere."
"When he said 'Iran,' " Meckfessel tells me, "it was like saying he'd just landed in Vanuatu. It was the most shocking thing I'd ever heard."
CINDY HICKEY was working at her Pine City, Minnesota, animal-training-and-nutrition business on a sweltering July morning when she received an overseas call. Through a crackling connection, a consular officer from the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad informed her that her son, Shane, had apparently been arrested by "authorities" inside Iran. At that point, the embassy's only information came from Meckfessel, who, after reaching a duty officer at the embassy by cell phone from Sulaymaniyah, had been flown to Baghdad and debriefed. Twenty minutes later, Hickey got a second call from the State Department, joined by the FBI. "They had no more details," she says. "They said, 'As soon as we find out anything, we'll call you.' "
Several days passed before both Iran and the U.S. confirmed the hikers were in custody. For their families, this set off an all-consuming campaign of vigils, letters to Ahmadinejad and other Iranians, and meetings with U.S. public officials, including senators Al Franken and Arlen Specter and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.
At first daily, and now "regularly," Hickey says, the families check in with a State Department contact who keeps them apprised—up to a point—about the government's efforts. "I feel like they are doing the best job they can, considering the relations between the U.S. and Iran," she told me in early February. "There are a lot of things they can't tell us."
Through the State Department, they received sketchy accounts of visits made by two Swiss diplomats to Evin Prison on September 29 and October 29. Each hiker, Hickey says, "passed a private message to the Swiss, four or five sentences. Shane said, 'I love you, I miss you,' he talked about his sisters, and said he was able to get some of our letters. He said, 'I'm physically OK, I'm strong, but lonely.' "
In addition to the State meetings, the families began conferring on their own. "We brainstorm, we put things on the table, we weigh and balance things," Hickey says. In the early days, they wrestled with the question of how they should handle the media—whether to keep a low profile and let State work its back channels or to make as much noise as possible. Hickey initially contacted Outside about her son's plight. But last December, when I reached out to the families, she responded with a brief e-mail thanking me for my interest but letting me know that they weren't granting any interviews. Weeks later, they changed their minds and have since made themselves available to the press.
They've also worked to keep their children from being forgotten: Laura and Jacob Fattal have organized vigils in their Cheltenham, Pennsylvania, hometown, as well as a public appeal on the families' Web site, FreeTheHikers.org. In December, Nora Shourd donned a chador, the floor-length garment worn by women in Iran, and released a video addressed to Ayatollah Khamenei. "Your Excellency," she said. "They are good people. They did not mean to enter Iran. They meant no harm to the Islamic Republic...and have a deep respect for your ancient and noble civilization. If they entered Iran, it was an innocent mistake."
For a long time, their appeals were met with silence. Iran refused the Swiss Embassy's requests for further prison visits, and information dried up. Iranian lawyer Masoud Shafie—whom the family hired last fall, anticipating espionage charges—has continued to demand that the judiciary allow him to meet his clients. Reached by phone in Tehran in January, the attorney told me he'd gotten nowhere. "They don't allow me to see them, and it is not according to the rule," he said. "I told the judge that they must charge them after four months. Already six months have passed. They say, 'Wait, wait, wait.' "
In February, the door cracked: Iran's top human-rights official, Mohammad Javad Larijani, told journalists in Geneva that he'd recommended to Iran's judiciary and security forces that the mothers be allowed to visit their children. They immediately sent a letter to Ahmadinejad urging him to grant them visas. And then came the day in March.
"We got no warning, and neither did they," Nora Shourd says. That morning, she noticed an unknown caller ID on her cell phone and let the call go to voice mail. When she played back the message, she was astonished to hear her daughter's voice: "Hi, Mom," Sarah said, "it's me. They're giving me the chance to call from prison. I'm ok and I'm coping." Shourd was overwhelmed with emotion—and regret that she'd missed the call. But Sarah phoned back 20 minutes later, and the mother and daughter spoke for three rushed minutes. Sarah quickly sketched in prison life—she was reading the GRE preparation guide Nora had sent (before her capture, she'd planned to return to the States to study women's issues) and was able to see Bauer and Fattal. "The big fear," Nora says, "was whether or not they were OK, and that big fear was lifted. It feels like things are moving a little. It could be that they just threw us a crumb, but the kids are hopeful."
According to Alireza Nader of the RAND Corporation, the calls are indeed a positive sign, but they don't necessarily presage the hikers' release. The regime, he says, "ramps up repression when it feels threatened, but it's been feeling less threatened lately, so they could be more relaxed." Despite this goodwill gesture, Nader says, a real breakthrough may still require backroom negotiations.
"These innocent people have become bargaining chips," agrees Abbas Milani, director of Iranian studies at Stanford University, who spent a month in solitary confinement at Evin during the reign of the last shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Iran wants the U.S. to ease pressure for reform and to lift economic sanctions, Milani believes; more specifically, it is seeking the release of 11 Iranian nationals, reportedly including intelligence officers and Revolutionary Guards, held by the U.S. military in Baghdad jails.
There may be a precedent for such a swap. Two months after Roxana Saberi's release in May 2009, the U.S. military freed five Iranian prisoners in Baghdad. Embassy spokesman Philip Frayne insists that "there was no deal on Saberi, despite how it may look." Regardless, in early February, Ahmadinejad publicly raised the possibility of a prisoner exchange in an interview with Iranian state television. Secretary of State Clinton immediately rejected the idea and again called for Iran to release the three "on humanitarian grounds."
While some experts had cautioned that, given the depth of animosity between the U.S. and Iran, the Americans could be in for a longer stay, Milani can envision an eventual pardon by Ahmadinejad. Or the case might follow the Saberi model: She was sentenced to eight years for espionage, but an appeals court knocked the charge down to possession of classified information and gave her a two-year suspended sentence.
"I think Iran has realized there isn't much wiggle room there," he says, "and gradually they will step down. I would not be surprised if, a year from now, these young people are writing their memoirs at home."
IT IS A ROUGH eight-hour drive east from the border near Ahmed Awa to Evin Prison, built at the foot of the Elburz Mountains in northern Tehran. A pale-blue metal gate in the dull-red brick facade leads to cell blocks, solitary-confinement and interrogation wards, a courtroom, and an execution yard—where 29 convicted murderers, rapists, armed robbers, and drug traffickers were hanged on a single day in July 2008. In recent years, the prison has also become the destination for opponents of the Islamist regime.
In March, the hikers described a tolerable existence inside Evin. But the calls were short, and Nora Shourd says that she could hear what sounded like an Iranian male voice speaking English in the background, indicating that they were being closely monitored.
From accounts of others who've spent time inside Evin, including Roxana Saberi, a picture has emerged of what the Americans may have gone through. Prison officials likely separated them upon arrival. The three would have received uniforms—beige synthetic sweats for all three, and, for Shourd, a chador. Then they would have been placed in single-person interrogation rooms, isolated from the other prisoners—about 2,600 men and 400 women in 2006, the last time the international press had access.
Saberi, who spent 18 days in solitary last winter, says that, as high-value prisoners, the Americans were likely settled either in Ward 209—run by the Intelligence Ministry—or Ward 240, administered by the Revolutionary Guards. Each ward consists of several corridors painted antiseptic white, each lined with four or five cells, with a thin carpet and a tiny window covered by a wire-mesh screen that lets in a trickle of daylight. In the first weeks of their captivity, they may have been kept blindfolded and interrogated for hours a day, an experience that Saberi describes as disorienting and often terrifying.
"You don't know how many people are in the room with you," says Saberi, who chronicled her experiences in Between Two Worlds: My Life and Captivity in Iran, which was published in March. "They claim you are guilty [of spying], and you believe they believe it. They threaten you with a long time in prison unless you confess."
Saberi's quarters were a spare cell; she slept on the floor beneath a blanket, with a bare bulb kept on 24 hours a day and a small heater that never seemed to generate enough warmth. Her only contact came when the guards delivered meals: white bread and a cheese slice for breakfast, rice and stew for lunch, canned food for dinner. "Time passes so slowly, especially when you're in solitary," she says. "They are wondering every day, when will they get out of there?"
Halfway across the world, the hikers' friends and families wait with them. In Washington State, Shon Meckfessel can't keep his mind on his studies; he admits he's dealing with a form of survivor's guilt. "I've struggled," he says. "I know my friends wouldn't want my life to fall apart, and when they get out I don't want them to see everything in shambles. Sometimes I think they're going to get out soon, then I read something and I think they'll be there forever. It's horrible, unimaginable stress."
Meanwhile, in Minnesota, Cindy Hickey was relieved to find out that her son was not languishing in solitary and clings to the belief that the Iranians' attitudes are softening. "I know my son," she says. "I know how responsible he is, and I can't believe he'd put anyone in harm's way. We are both hikers," she says. "It's beautiful, there's a trail, and you want to know what's around the next corner."


It still quite amazing that with the data explosion introduced by the Internet and 24-hour news feed TV channels that traditional newspapers are still around to consume vast resources from the world's tree populations. Admittedly, news printers do use a good amount of recycled paper pulp but it's not enough. If you've been bitten by the recycling bug and you enjoy crafts one really great way to do your bit for the environment and to have some fun at the same time is knowing how to make your own paper from old newspapers.
Find somewhere you don't mind making a mess and you're ready to go.


text:
Q: Oracle Apex Shoot email when approvers approve an issue using triggers and apex mail I am developing oracle apex app where currently when issue is raised it sends email to all approvers who are Approver 1 in the particular issue dept.
After this, only when both approvers select Approve_This ='Y'  in application, then next email should go to the people with Approver=2 and so on.

A: TL;DR Don't do that.
See also this post: https://community.oracle.com/thread/4330608
Recap:

*

*only send emails on committed data

*use a queuing system to send emails

*do it as a separate step from your DML

*

*use a TAPI

*2nd Process step in APEX

Workflow
What you are describing in this post is a Workflow.
You need to keep the logic of your Workflow separate from the data that holds a widget's state.
"Sending an email" is the action that is taken when the state of a widget changes.  You should keep that separate from the Workflow logic and the data table. (ie don't put it in a trigger)
Use Advance Queuing (AQ) to perform actions AFTER commit.
Build vs. Buy
This is going to get complicated very fast.  I suggest you look at acquiring ($$) an already existing Workflow system with APEX interface for graphically building the Workflow.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


One thing which we all are really scared of is when our Maid leaves the job or they go on Leave. Today's video is all about that and I am sure you are gonna love it and do COMMENT below your most relatable sequence from this Sketch.
Video Pasand Aaye to LIKE & SHARE Karo .. Target 1,00,000 LIKES.
"Music from Epidemic Sound ()"


Project Based Learning Across the Curriculum-Oh My!
Participants will have the opportunity to learn new and various methods to teach students through hands on student engaged lessons.
We will also incorporate art in the core curriculum areas ie: Math, Reading, Science and Social Studies. The participants will leave the two-day class with a plethora of activities to utilize in their classrooms. These activities will be able to meet the needs of K-8 learners with various adaptations. Participants will have time to visit and brainstorm with others in their same teaching situation.
K-8 Educators of Combination Classrooms, Rural Schools, or Hutterite Colonies.
Participants need to bring a wireless internet capable laptop, a zip drive to save projects, art materials (scissors, markers, crayons, ruler, glue, etc.) an example of an art project and any Christmas plays you wish to share with others.


From floral arrangements placed on cascading waterfall walls, to rocks from the river used as a guest book – embracing all that the mountains have to offer only enhances the elegance of a wedding day. We loved the special ways that Lindsay and Ben were able to incorporate their families, friends, and the great outdoors at this late spring wedding. There were so many details, colors, and laughter through out the day, we couldn't settle on just one favorite!
Ben and Lindsay, your love is as bright as the day you married. Congratulations, and may your love continue to blossom.


text:
Financial Morning News 22/07/2013 22 July 2013
The General Index in Athens Stock Exchange (ASE) closed at 836.98 posting losses of 1.18%, in a turnover of €53.27mn.
The US Treasury Secretary Mr. Lew, after his meeting with the Prime Minister Mr. Antonis Samaras said that the US recognizes the difficult choices and sacrifices Greece has made and urged the country to continue with reforms. His visit to Greece comes ahead of a meeting between Mr. Samaras and the US President Mr. Barack Obama in Washington on August 8.
The German Chancellor Ms. Angela Merkel rejected a second Greek debt write-down, as it can lead to such massive insecurity among investors into the euro region.
The New Orders Index in Industry fell by 13.4% in May vs. a decline of 5.2% a year earlier. In addition, the Turnover Index in Industry increased by 2% in May vs. a decline of 3.8% a year earlier (ELSTAT).
OPAP: The consortium's majority shareholder of Emma Delta Mr. Jiri Smejc said that any decisions of the privatization fund will not put the privatization of OPAP at risk (Financial Times).
PPC: S&P's upgraded the rating of the company to ΄CCC΄ from ΄CC΄, with negative outlook. In other news, the company will distribute net dividend of 0.01875 per share today.
Alpha Bank: The bank announced that that it will be selling its Ukrainian subsidiary, JSC Astra Bank, to the Ukrainian group Delta Bank for €82mn.
FTSE 25 September future:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
/** 092. Reverse Linked List II

Reverse a linked list from position m to n. Do it in-place and in one-pass.

For example:
Given 1->2->3->4->5->NULL, m = 2 and n = 4,

return 1->4->3->2->5->NULL.

Note:
Given m, n satisfy the following condition:
1 ≤ m ≤ n ≤ length of list.

**/

#include <iostream>
#include "../utils.h"
using namespace std;

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* reverseBetween(ListNode* head, int m, int n) {

    }
};

int main() {
    Solution s;
    return 0;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Wonderful World of Celestial Empowerment is blossoming in the beautiful Sweet Suite #300 in West Hartford, CT.
This beautiful office location has spurred Celeste's creativity, increased her productivity, and provided a venue for her to bring forth her life's work. Providing individual and group psychotherapy to adults with addiction, mental health, and spiritual issues. She is presenting and hosting workshops for professionals to obtain their Continuing Education Credits, bringing spirituality into psychotherapy.
Dr. Nancy Mazur, Naturopath has her CT office in the suite. She sees patients quarterly.


Steffen Weil explains that Mittendrin is part of a post-Christian, post-modern, post-communist and post-atheist environment. In February they will start a second service in Babelsberg and additionally supervise/coach church planting in Magdeburg, Cottbus, Rostock and Brandenburg. God has given them the vision that Mittendrin should help plant or support a church in all 10 East German cities of 100,000. Pray for wisdom, people, ideas, strength, and finances. Pray for more interns to train in Potsdam and send out as church planters.


text:
Глене́лг () — река в Австралии, в штатах Виктория и Южная Австралия, впадает в Большой Австралийский залив. Открыта майором Томасом Митчеллом в 1836 году и названа в честь , секретаря по делам колоний в 1835—1839 гг. Митчелл поднялся по реке от устья до истоков.

Берёт начало в горах Грампианс. Течёт через национальные парки Грампианс и Лоуэр-Гленелг.

От залива  до устья Гленелга по побережью жил народ . Восточнее, от устья Гленелга до Джелонга жил народ .

Примечания

Бассейн Индийского океана в Австралии
Реки Виктории
Реки Южной Австралии

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Pasaje a la India es una película britanoestadounidense de 1984, dirigida por David Lean. Protagonizada por Judy Davis, Peggy Ashcroft y Victor Banerjee en los papeles principales. Basada en la novela homónima de E. M. Forster.

Argumento
La trama se desarrolla en la década de 1920, durante el período de la creciente influencia del Movimiento de independencia indio en el llamado Raj británico.

Adela Quested (Judy Davis), acompañada por la señora Moore (Peggy Ashcroft), son dos damas británicas que parten de viaje hacia India, para visitar a Ronny Heaslop (Nigel Havers), un magistrado local de un pueblo de provincia, Chandrapore. Heaslop es el hijo de la señora Moore y el prometido de Adela.

Ya en India, ambas damas muestran su interés en conocer la cultura y a los habitantes nativos. El superintendente educacional, Richard Fielding (James Fox), las presenta a un anciano y excéntrico erudito brahmán, el profesor Godbole (Alec Guinness). La comunidad británica del lugar les aconseja que es mejor tomar distancia con los nativos. Sin embargo, durante una visita a una mezquita cercana, la señora Moore conoce al doctor Aziz Ahmed (Victor Banerjee), un viudo empobrecido, a quién más tarde presenta a Adela. El doctor estaba completamente asimilado al modo británico en su hablar y en su vestir.

En una ocasión, ambas damas expresan su aburrimiento por la forma de vida colonial de la comunidad británica, que incluían el ritual del té a las cinco de la tarde, el críquet, y el polo; el doctor Aziz se ofrece como guía de excursión a las remotas cavernas de Marabar.

Se organiza el viaje, y ya en el lugar comienza la exploración de las cavernas. Al poco rato, la señora Moore sufre una sensación de claustrofobia, que la obliga a regresar al exterior; posteriormente convence a los demás de seguir sin ella.

Adela y el dr. Aziz continúan la exploración, y antes de entrar en una caverna más alejada, el doctor se detiene para fumar un cigarrillo. Cuando termina de fumar, va en busca de Adela, pero solo la divisa a la distancia, corriendo apresuradamente colina abajo, ensangrentada y desgreñada.

Apenas de regreso al pueblo, el doctor es apresado, acusado de intento de violación. Esto provoca un tumulto entre británicos e indios, que se extiende entre la comunidad británica en India.

Llega el momento del juicio, y la señora Moore declara su convicción sobre la inocencia del doctor, y manifiesta que no declarará en contra de él. Se resuelve su regreso a Inglaterra, pero durante el trayecto sufre un infarto y muere, realizándose su funeral en el mar.

En India, la situación cambia cuando, para consternación del magistrado Ronny Heaslop y de todos los británicos, Adela retira los cargos en contra del doctor.

Toda la comunidad británica se ve forzada a una vergonzosa retirada, mientras ven como los indios se llevan al exonerado de la sala del tribunal, entre vítores, cargándolo en sus hombros.

Consecuentemente Adela rompe su compromiso con Heaslop y abandona India. El doctor Aziz deja atrás sus costumbres británicas y sus relaciones con ellos, y se retira al norte de India, vistiendo sus ropas tradicionales, para abrir una clínica allí.

Pasan los años y el doctor Aziz permanece resentido y amargado, pero finalmente le escribe a Adela para transmitirle sus agradecimientos y su perdón por lo sucedido.

Reparto
Judy Davis - Adela Quested
Peggy Ashcroft - Señora Moore
Victor Banerjee - Doctor Aziz Ahmed
James Fox  - Richard Fielding
Alec Guinness - Profesor Godbole
Nigel Havers - Ronny Heaslop
Michael Culver - Mayor McBryde
Clive Swift - Mayor Callendar
Art Malik - Ali
Saeed Jaffrey - Abogado Hamidullah
Roshan Seth - Abogado Amrit Rao
Richard Wilson - Turton

Premios
Premio Oscar 1985:
a la mejor actriz secundaria (Peggy Ashcroft)
a la mejor música (Maurice Jarre)

Premio BAFTA 1986:
a la mejor actriz (Peggy Ashcroft)

Premio Globo de Oro 1985:
a la mejor película
a la mejor música (Maurice Jarre)
a la mejor actuación en un papel secundario – cine (Peggy Ashcrof)

Premio NYFCC 1984:
a la mejor actriz (Peggy Ashcrof )
al mejor director (David Lean)
a la mejor película

Premio National Board of Review 1984:
al mejor actor (Victor Banerjee)
a la mejor actriz (Peggy Ashcroft)
al mejor director (David Lean)
a la mejor película

Premio LAFCA 1984:
a la mejor actriz secundaria (Peggy Ashcroft)

Premio BSFC 1985:
a la mejor actriz (Judy Davis)
a la mejor actriz secundaria (Peggy Ashcroft)

Premio Kansas City Film Critics Circle 1985:
al mejor director (David Lean)
a la mejor película
a la mejor actriz secundaria (Peggy Ashcroft)

Premio Evening Standard British Film Award 1986:
al mejor actor (Victor Banerjee)

Véase también
Pasaje a la India (novela)

Enlaces externos

British Film Institute Review

Roger Ebert review

davidlean.com

Guion, en inglés, e información sobre localidades de rodaje; recogidos en el Internet Archive.

 Música de la película, de Maurice Jarre.
 Lecciones de Música de Cine: Pasaje a la India.

Películas basadas en novelas
Películas dirigidas por David Lean
Películas ambientadas en India
Películas candidatas al premio Óscar a la mejor película
Películas con música de Maurice Jarre


text:
Seventy-five years after FDR's Japanese internment order, Trump prepares mass immigrant roundup
Eric London
On February 19, 1942, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 mandating the indefinite detention of all persons of Japanese descent living on the US mainland for the duration of the war with Japan. In the weeks that followed, the government removed over 120,000 Japanese-Americans from their homes, including 70,000 US citizens, and detained them for three to four years in a network of remote prison camps.
For decades, even mainstream bourgeois commentators viewed the Japanese internment as a humiliating scar on American history. Tom C. Clark, who defended the relocation program as a Department of Justice lawyer before joining the Supreme Court, wrote later that the internment program was "deplorable" and illegal. The Supreme Court's 1944 ruling in Korematsu v. US upholding the program is broadly viewed by legal scholars as part of the "anti-canon" of unconstitutional rulings.
Seventy-five years later, the Trump administration has ordered the rounding up of hundreds of thousands if not millions of migrants and the construction of a new network of prisons to house them.
Two memos signed by Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Secretary John Kelly on February 17 and made public on the anniversary of Executive Order 9066 lay out a drastic expansion of deportation and detention of immigrants in the US.
Under the DHS memos, migrants captured without being admitted into the US by a border official face immediate removal with virtually no due process rights. Many thousands of people will now be subject to "expedited removal proceedings" in which they lose the right to appear before a judge.
The government is expanding the list of immigrants who are priorities for removal to include up to two million people, and the administration is claiming the power to remove or imprison undocumented parents who pay to help their children cross the border to join them in the United States.
The memos also mandate an expanded network of internment facilities to house those slated to be deported. They direct Customs and Border Patrol (CPB) and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to "take all necessary action and allocate all available resources to expand their detention capabilities and capacities at or near the border with Mexico to the greatest extent possible."
As well as measures for building a border wall, hiring more ICE officials and deputizing local police, the memos establish procedures for publishing the names and criminal records of immigrants released by state and local officials despite a removal or deportation order. DHS hopes to whip up a fascistic tough-on-crime hysteria against immigrants and local governments that refuse or fail to hand them over to federal authorities for deportation. This recalls the tactics of the Nazi press, which published photographs of Jewish people alongside a list of crimes they allegedly committed.
Trump's plan to establish a network of internment camps has been prepared by both the Democratic and Republican parties, which have jointly cultivated a climate of nationalism and anti-immigrant xenophobia to advance their policies of war and social counterrevolution.
The attack on immigrants in the US takes place in the context of a global wave of xenophobia. Across the world, the ruling classes are seeking to whip up nationalist sentiment in order to scapegoat migrants for the social disaster caused by capitalism. In Europe, the promotion of anti-immigrant chauvinism recalls the 1930s and the lead-up to the bloodbath of World War II.
Anti-immigrant hysteria has long been a key part of the American ruling class's efforts to advance its imperialist strategy and suppress opposition to war. Within weeks of the US entry into World War I, the Democratic Wilson administration advanced a series of anti-immigrant and anti-socialist measures—the Sedition, Espionage, and Immigration Acts of 1917—that were used to label socialism a "foreign idea" and arrest and deport hundreds of left-wing radicals and socialists in the Palmer Raids of 1919–20.
The Roosevelt administration justified the internment of Japanese-Americans by citing the Alien Registration Act, known as the Smith Act, which criminalized attempts to expose the class character of the imperialist war. In 1941, Roosevelt prosecuted the Trotskyist movement under this act, jailing 18 members of the Socialist Workers Party on the charge of "sedition." Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 with the claim that "the successful prosecution of the war requires every possible protection against espionage and against sabotage to national defense."
The attacks on immigrants are a key component of the ruling class's nationalist poison. By directing social discontent outward at foreigners or immigrants, the financial aristocracy seeks to facilitate the exploitation of the working class, pitting workers against one another and diverting them from a struggle against their own exploiters.
This policy has been intensified over the past quarter-century, culminating in the extreme nationalism of Donald Trump and his fascist aides. Under the auspices of the "war on terror," the ruling class has used "national security" as a blanket excuse for illegal war, torture, mass surveillance and deportation. Obama oversaw the deportation of 2.5 million immigrants and the launching or expansion of wars in Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia. It is these wars and their catastrophic consequences that have forced tens of millions to leave their homes in search of safety abroad.
Trump's anti-immigrant program is bound up with an attack on the social conditions of the entire working class, citizen and non-citizen alike. As he prepares to deport millions, he is assembling a cabinet of Wall Street billionaires determined to lift business regulations and slash corporate taxes on the one side, and destroy social services—including public education, Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security—on the other.
The implementation of Trump's anti-immigrant policies will require unprecedented attacks on the democratic rights of the entire working lass. Police state measures are being plotted by the administration, as evidenced by John Kelly's draft memorandum calling for the mobilization of 100,000 National Guard troops to deport immigrants.
The only social force capable of defending immigrant workers is the working class. Workers are objectively united across all national borders in a globally integrated network of production and supply chains, supplemented by family ties and the reality of instantaneous communication. The needs and interests of any one section of workers, national or ethnic, are indissolubly bound up with those of their class brothers and sisters all over the world. Never before in history have the words of the founding program of the revolutionary socialist movement—"Workers of all countries unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains!"—been more relevant.
The rights of immigrants are incompatible with the capitalist system, which is incapable of overcoming the contradiction between the international organization of the economy and the outdated nation-state system. Along with imperialist war, the most noxious expression of this contradiction is the militarization of borders to condemn hundreds of thousands people fleeing the horrors of war and destitution to drown in the Mediterranean or die of heatstroke in the desert separating the US and Mexico.
Workers must reject the entire framework of the official debate on immigration. The Democrats' hypocritical criticisms of Trump's immigration policies proceed from the same reactionary premise: that so-called "illegal" immigrants are criminals and should be punished, exploited and humiliated.
The only democratic and humane policy is a socialist and internationalist policy: for open borders and full rights for all workers, including the right of workers of all countries to live and work wherever they choose, with full citizenship rights, free from fear of repression or deportation.
PerspectivesImmigrants and refugeesUnited States


NEW YORK -- Right-hander Dillon Gee threw seven impressive innings in his first start in almost two months and catcher Travis d'Arnaud capped a three-run seventh inning with a long two-run homer as the New York Mets beat the Atlanta Braves 4-1 at Citi Field on Wednesday.
The Mets (42-49) have won four in a row, their first four-game winning streak since July 7-10 of last season. New York will go for the four-game sweep of the Braves -- which would be its first of Atlanta since 1989 -- on Thursday night.
The Braves (49-42) have lost four straight since a nine-game winning streak.
With the score tied at 1, Mets third baseman David Wright led off the bottom of the seventh with a double to left. Wright went to third on a long fly out by first baseman Lucas Duda before left fielder Bobby Abreu walked.
Center fielder Kirk Nieuwenhuis then lined out to deep right and Wright scored without a throw. Three pitches later, d'Arnaud hit his sixth homer deep into the left field seats.
Gee, who hadn't pitched since May 10 due to a right lat strain, improved to 4-1 after allowing one run on six hits and one walk while striking out four in a crisp 85-pitch effort.
He gave up a pair of singles to lead off the eighth, but right-hander Vic Black retired all three batters he faced before right-hander Jenrry Mejia earned his ninth save despite allowing two hits in the ninth.
Center fielder B.J. Upton had an RBI double for the Braves while second baseman Tommy La Stella and left fielder Justin Upton had two hits apiece.
Right-hander Ervin Santana (7-6) gave up all four runs on six hits and two walks while striking out four over seven innings.
Gee and Santana worked impressively fast through the first six innings, which took just 71 minutes to complete.
Nine of the first 18 outs Gee recorded required three pitches or less while Santana benefited from two double plays behind him as well as a pickoff.
The two teams combined for just one stranded runner in the first six innings -- Duda was left on first base after his two-out single in the first gave New York a 1-0 lead -- and Gee faced the minimum until Santana's infield single with two outs in the sixth. Santana scored easily on B.J. Upton's long double to left-center, though Upton was tagged out in a rundown.
NOTES: To make room on the roster for RHP Dillon Gee, the Mets optioned RHP Gonzalez Germen to Triple-A Las Vegas after Tuesday's game. Germen is 0-0 with a 4.76 ERA in 21 relief appearances for the Mets. ... Entering Wednesday, the Mets had 10 three-game winning streaks since their last four-game winning streak, including seven this season. ... Braves C Evan Gattis (bulging disc in back) caught a few warm-up pitches between innings during Tuesday's game. He isn't expected to be activated from the 15-day disabled list when first eligible immediately after the All-Star Break. ... RHP Pedro Beato, whom the Braves placed on the disabled list June 19 with a sore right elbow, threw a scoreless inning Tuesday in his first rehab appearance with Triple-A Gwinnett.


As the Operations Manager - Desktop Services, you will report to Head of Workplace and be responsible for a team based in Computacenter locations across Europe.
You'll lead a team of engineering specialists in the operation, development and maintenance of products and services to meet our customers' needs, maximise service availability and optimise total cost of ownership. You'll support the ongoing workplace transformation, delivering WIN10, O365, Cisco Jabber and Webex, Yammer. You will be responsible for shaping and forming our relationship with third party service providers both internal to CC and our offshoring partners.
This is a fantastic opportunity in one of the UK's leading IT service providers to shape and change the desktop experience of over 16,000 users across the globe by implementing leading modern workplace solutions and strategies.
The Operations Manager will plan, coordinate and lead activities across the full service delivery lifecycle. This includes coordinating with business stakeholders, product owners, architects and project managers. Working closely with other team managers and the Head of Workplace, the Workplace Manager will ensure the structured and coordinated planning of their team's development. Your reports are primarily based in Germany and the UK though there may be some travel to France as well.This position is an outstanding opportunity for an energetic and self-motivated person who enjoys ensuring client satisfaction and relishes the challenge that the role of Technical Support Desk Manager brings.
Triaging all incoming technical support calls and emails.
Assigning those incoming calls and emails accordingly.
Progress any assigned technical support calls through to resolution within agreed timings, requesting assistance if required, travelling to client site when required.
Ensure all staff update support tickets promptly and in full.
Monitoring all assigned Technical Support tickets for completeness.
Liaising with the Workplace Manager and Head of Workplace to ensure the smooth running of the Desktop Support Services whilst minimising their hands on involvement.
Liaising with the Head of Workplace directly on more problematic Support tickets.
First line Technical Support Desk complaint handling.
Reporting in to Monthly Management Meetings on Technical Support ticket statistics, issues and development requirements.
When requested, attend customer site where support or installation issues cannot be resolved remotely.
Work as part of the overall Workplace Team to reach and exceed pre-defined customer service level agreements in all instances.
Lead the Desktop Services Team by example.
Extensive technical management experience, with good knowledge of ITIL (ideally you will hold ITIL Foundation v3).
You must be highly skilled in providing second and third line end-user support and have exceptional knowledge of IT service delivery.
5 years' experience of pragmatic implementation of the ITIL framework in a similar sized organisation.


text:
Q: Spring Error Response auto converted to Html from JSON I am getting error response correctly when I am running the project in my end.
{
 "timestamp": "2018-05-30T10:16:00.065+0000",
 "status": 500,
 "error": "Internal Server Error",
 "message": "No login found for username :string",
 "path": "/gatepass/api/v1/logins/login"
 }

But when I deploy on server It automatically converts to HTML. How to fix this?
<!doctype html>

      <title>HTTP Status 500 – Internal Server Error</title>

HTTP Status 500 – Internal Server Error

Type Status Report

Message No login found for username :string

Description The server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request.

Apache Tomcat/8.5.27

A: That looks like your server (Tomcat) or your Web Application has a default 500 error page that is being applied.

A: i think it may helps ,
@RequestMapping(value = "/userAuthenticationDemo",method = RequestMethod.GET , produces="application/json")
  public ResponseEntity<?> userAuthenticationDemo(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password, ) {

          System.out.println("Authentication hit");

              JSONObject json = new JSONObject();

              json.put("username", username);
              json.put("password", password);

JSONObject authRespObj = gstcService.userAuthenticationForPostalAppChecking(json);

              if(authRespObj != null){
                  authRespObj.put("isErrorFlag", false);
                  return new ResponseEntity<>(authRespObj, new HttpHeaders(), HttpStatus.OK);
              }else{

                  throw new UserException("_USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED");
              }
}

here for JSON data response we need to use produces="application/json".
and better to use Response Entity instead of @ResponseBody . noting is special but Response Entity can carry response with Http Status Codes.
if it helps please promote.

A: This is fixed by creating a default error page such that the tomcat does not direct to error HTML page


Gated community of The Lake Club at Larimar * * 3 bedrooms, 2 1/2 baths * * First Floor Master * * Granite Kitchens and Baths * * Hardwood and Ceramic flooring * * Great Room with gas fireplace * * Large kitchen, breakfast bar and pantry * * Family/Media Room * * Room over garage can be finished for extra storage or play room * * Finish date Summer 2018 . . still time for your personal selections * * Walking trail at lakefront * * Pool to be finished Summer 2018.


OpenEars Platform 1.5 is live, with Spanish and iOS7 compatibility.
| Comments Off on OpenEars Platform 1.5 is live, with Spanish and iOS7 compatibility.
OpenEars 1.33 has been released, fixing two small memory leaks and a possible deadlock when exiting the recognition loop. Check it out and if you encounter any issues, please head over to the forums and let me know about them. Thanks!
NeatSpeech version 1.02 out now!
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| Comments Off on OpenEars 1.2.3 and NeatSpeech 1.0!


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text:
TICKERS: SCOT
Mining Co. Hits Record Gold, Silver Grades at B.C. Property
Source: Stuart McDougall��(11/29/22)
The newly reported drill results also extended the mineralization present at the primary exploration target, noted a Research Capital Corp. report.
Scottie Resources Corp. (SCOT:TSX.V) released more positive drill results from its Scottie gold project in British Columbia's Golden Triangle, reported Research Capital Corp. analyst Stuart McDougall in a November 11, 2022, research note. These new data contained the richest grades encountered to date and extended the mineralized system that is present.
All reported results are from the current primary exploration target at Scottie, the Blueberry Contact zone, wrote McDougall, "now interpreted as a primary north-south mineralized structure along an andesite-siltstone contact." Results for many more Blueberry Contact holes are pending.
At this target, McDougall highlighted, "mineralization remains open along strike and at depth, particularly at the newly emerging southern extent, where only a few holes have been completed to date."
Record Precious Metals Grades
This batch of results returned an intercept containing the highest grades of gold and silver ever hit at the Scottie project.
Research Capital has a Speculative Buy rating and a CA$0.35 per share target price on Scottie Resources, the current share price of which is about CA$0.22.
Encountered via hole SR22-168, grades were 161 grams per ton gold (161 g/t Au) and 100 g/t silver (Ag) extending over 1.3 meters (1.3m) starting at about 218m downhole.
Preceding that result was another highlight intercept, 10.1 g/t Au and 3 g/t Ag over 3.1m.
"Both were enclosed by a broad, low-grade halo, similar to other areas of the zone," McDougall described.
Another high-grade intercept from SR22-168 was 11.3 g/t Au and 37.7 g/t Ag over 4.5m starting at 149m downhole.
Drilling Extends Mineralization
A different newly reported hole, SR22-157, extended the mineralized system in the Blueberry Contact zone 30m beyond the results of SR22-151 (previously announced) so that it now reaches 390m below surface. SR22-157 returned 2.57 g/t Au and 3 g/t Ag over 2.5m, the grades and width of which were not as good as those of SR22-151.
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1) Doresa Banning wrote this article for Streetwise Reports LLC and provides services to Streetwise Reports as an independent contractor. She or members of her household own securities of the following companies mentioned in the article: None. She or members of her household are paid by the following companies mentioned in this article: None.
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As of the date of this article, officers and/or employees of Streetwise Reports LLC (including members of their household) own securities of Scottie Resources Corp., a company mentioned in this article.
Disclosures For Research Capital Corp., Scottie Resources Corp., November 11, 2022
Analyst Certification: I, Stuart McDougall, certify the views expressed in this report were formed by my review of relevant company data and industry investigation, and accurately reflect my opinion about the investment merits of the securities mentioned in the report. I also certify that my compensation is not related to specific recommendations or views expressed in this report. Research Capital Corporation publishes research and investment recommendations for the use of its clients. Information regarding our categories of recommendations, quarterly summaries of the percentage of our recommendations which fall into each category and our policies regarding the release of our research reports is available at www.researchcapital.com or may be requested by contacting the analyst. Each analyst of Research Capital Corporation whose name appears in this report hereby certifies that (i) the recommendations and opinions expressed in this research report accurately reflect the analyst's personal views and (ii) no part of the research analyst's compensation was or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific conclusions or recommendations expressed in this research report.
Stuart McDougall has visited Scottie Resources Corp. in the past 18 months.
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RCC USA: Information about Research Capital Corporation's Rating System, the distribution of our research to clients and the percentage of recommendations which are in each of our rating categories is available on our website at www.researchcapital.ca. The information contained in this report has been drawn from sources believed to be reliable but its accuracy or completeness is not guaranteed, nor in providing it does Research Capital Corporation assume any responsibility or liability. Research Capital Corporation, its directors, officers and other employees may, from time to time, have positions in the securities mentioned herein. Contents of this report cannot be reproduced in whole or in part without the express permission of Research Capital Corporation. US Institutional Clients – Research Capital USA Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Research Capital Corporation, accepts responsibility for the contents of this report subject to the terms and limitations set out above. US firms or institutions receiving this report should effect transactions in securities discussed in the report through Research Capital USA Inc., a Broker – Dealer registered with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA).
Gold Miner Strikes 19.1 M of 43.3 G/T Au at Alaska Property
HighGold Mining Inc. shares traded 14% higher after the company reported that it intersected 120 m of 18.76 g/t gold at its Johnson Tract Deposit in Southcentral Alaska.
More Drill Results Expand Areas of Gold at Idaho Project
Source: Geordie Mark (11/30/2022)
These new data, from three zones at the property, bode well for growing the existing resource there, noted a Haywood Securities report.
Expert Says, 'Buy Selectively in This Vulnerable Market'
Today, expert Adrian Day sends a revised Current Positions table, updating dividends paid and current recommendations. Prices are as of early afternoon yesterday.
We're at the Home Stretch
With only 33 days left in the fiscal year 2022, expert Michael Ballanger reviews where he believes the markets are heading.
Copper Co. Potentially Expands Deposit in Colombia
A soil geochemical anomaly could significantly expand the footprint and potential size of the deposit at Libero Copper and Gold Corp.'s Mocoa project in Putumayo, Colombia.
Want to read more about Gold and Silver investment ideas?


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I absolutely love this look because it's borderline extra but still very attainable at the same time. I wanted to do a simple Fall look for class but with a POP! The cardigan and green trousers are so perf for this cool weather and super comfy if you're going to be out and about all day. Usually on my school days, I'm on campus the entire day so being comfortable is my #1 goal.. other than slaying ya'll lol.
My pop was definitely this diamond bralette. When I say this thing is GORGEOUS!! Pics do it no justice. I never wear bras and rarely do I wear bralettes, but I'm trying to add this to every single outfit I wear lol. What can I say – diamonds are really a girl's best friend.
My last additions were my fringe Michael Kors saddle bag that is perfect for girls like me that aren't really into carrying book bags, matching Michael Kors watch and burgundy booties for some color pop (which ironically match my hair lol).


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The awards season continued for us with a visit to the Royal Automobile Club in London as a finalist for their Restoration of the Year Award. This is an astonishing fourth finalist achievement for Ecurie Bertelli this year.
There were three candidates: a 1937 Rolls Royce Phantom III; a 1931 AEC Regent 486 bus; and our own 1934 Aston Martin Mk II barnfind, chassis 402, now proudly owned by Tom & Sue Wood and once owned by Sir Ralph Richardson. Later in its life, pending an engine rebuild, it ended up with a 50-year lay-up which actually turned out to its advantage as original parts remained untouched.
So began a new era for 402 under new ownership. A full sympathetic conservation was undertaken by Ecurie Bertelli to get it into good mechanical order with care to retain as many original parts as possible. Carefully stripped back to a bare chassis for the rebuild, everything was inspected and rebuilt. To preserve the paintwork, Ecurie Bertelli partnered with HMG paints to treat some areas of the cellulose paint which had split with 88 years of slow and continued drying. The hood had perished and the front seats had lost their leather upholstery but the original leather remained on the rear seat. With careful matching and aging, these were replaced but were an aesthetic match. Original instruments were refurbished and the wiring looms replaced with period-correct fabric covered cables. Even touched-in areas on new nuts and bolts were 'aged' to fit in with the rest of the car. 402 was now fully serviceable yet conserved.
Sadly, on the night 402 was pipped to the win by the bus. Nonetheless, it was an honour to be amongst the three finalists.


we'll get started creating The Roller Madness project.
Okay. The first thing that you need to do is you need to download the project assets.
I have the download right here.
You can see it's a zip archive.
So here on the Mac I can just double click on that to expand it.
And this will create the Roller Madness Assets folder.
Let me open that and explain what's in here.
we'll explain this a little more detail later.
mostly.waves and a.ogg or a.org file.
So let's go ahead and start Unity.
And of course, I'm going to start a new Unity project.
So I'll go ahead and click the new option here.
And I'm going to name my project Roller Madness.
And you can pick the location that you want to save your project.
I'll go ahead and save this on the desktop just for purposes of example.
And of course, this is going to be a 3D project.
And I'll go ahead and click "Create project."
Okay, I've got essentially a blank Unity project open now called "Roller Madness".
the first project is we're going to install some standard assets.
Standard assets are assets that come with Unity 3D.
You can use standard assets to speed up your development.
you can scroll down to where it says, "Import Package."
And you can see there are various named packages here.
So these are the standard assets that are installed with Unity.
for the respective version of Unity that you're using.
I'm going to go ahead and import the characters package.
So let me do that by just selecting it.
It'll take a moment to download and install.
You'll see a pop up that looks like this.
and you could go ahead and check or uncheck whatever you want to import.
Right now, everything is checked.
And I'll just go ahead and click "Import" and import all of them.
And this might take a few seconds to import.
now I have a folder called standard assets.
If I open that up, you can see there's various sub folders.
But I'm going to go ahead and select a few other packages to import.
and click "Import" for that.
Notice here, some of these are unchecked.
The reason they're unchecked is because they're already installed.
a few things that didn't come down the first time.
again and choose the prototyping asset package.
And once again, some things are unchecked because they're already brought down.
But most of the things in the prototyping folder need to come down.
So let me go ahead and click "Import".
And last but not least let me go to assets and choose import and choose utility.
And for this one notice that everything is already imported. It tells us that here.
So, we've already got the utility package imported into our project.
it's actually creating a copy of those standard assets into our project.
and import those standard packages in the future.
Now the standard asset packages are actually shipped with Unity.
you'll notice here on the Mac there is actually a standard assets folder.
And within that, you can see all of those Unity packages.
So, for example, here is the character package right here.
the prototyping package, and the utility package.
is they're a collection of assets that are all bundled together.
it's got a bunch of scripts and sub folders and so forth.
we actually have another Unity package.
It's not a standard one.
It's one that I have created for you.
So let me minimize Unity here.
And once again on the desktop I have the Roller Madness Assets folder.
And right here, I've got this MSUGameScripts.unitypackage.
and I want to bring this into my project as well.
There's a number of ways of doing this.
will import if I go back to Unity.
I can also go to the assets and choose import package and choose custom package.
So let me go ahead and do it that way.
And this will be the exact same process that we saw before.
In this case, it's going to bring in a script folder with a number of C Sharp scripts.
Let me go ahead and import that.
So that brought in the scripts folder.
the standard assets folder because it was not a standard asset.
those audio files that were part of the Roller Madness Assets.
we have this audio folder here with various files.
these are actually each individual files.
So I want to import all of these files.
Actually I want to import this entire folder into my Unity project.
can actually select this folder and just drag and drop it.
let go of that and it will go ahead and import that entire folder.
I have that entire folder called audio.
If I open it, you can see those audio files.
a time or multiple at a time through that mechanism as well.
you can see various details about the file.
You can also see a preview here down at the bottom.
If you don't see the preview, it might be minimized.
I just need to go down and drag it up to be able to see that.
And I can actually preview this here.
you can actually make changes to how the file is imported.
and select that and then choose "Apply."
And notice what happens to the preview after I apply.
I now get a single track.
So, it merged those two tracks together to make a mono track.
Now this did not actually change the file on disk.
It just changed a cached version of the file within my project library folder.
you can change them as many times as you want.
So for example, I can change the compression settings.
and then choose "Apply" and then get back to the stereo music.
and we're ready to start building our game.
In the next video, we'll set up our game scene.


I am a full-time working mom, certified Peruana-America, and events professional. I devote my time to: averting disasters, finding creative solutions to noncreative problems, fighting the good fight, craving moments of inner silence, and being on time.
My name is pronounced r-re-sway-nyo. And like my name, my life can be unnecessarily complicated, challenging, and take a long time to get right. At the same time, it's quite unique, fun to articulate, and always ends with a sueño (dream, in spanish).
I also parade around as a voracious reader, political junkie, and a fitness freak.
Morning and Sueños is my personal blog where I chronicle my adventures through work, mama-hood and pursuit for a balanced life.


Michael and his wife both signed up for the Healthy Wage individual challenges. His wife had heard about HealthyWage on "The Doctors," and they both agreed it sounded great to lose weight and make money. He set out to follow a strategy similar to his wife, including only drinking water and coffee but cutting out any other type of drinks. This helped feel fuller while also reducing their caloric and sugar intake. Using apps to count their calories really gave Michael a whole new perspective about what he was eating and where all the calories went. He also cut out carbs and focused on lean meats, fresh fruit, and lots of vegetables.
Since Michael felt his wife had the better willpower of the two, he relied on her the whole way to stay on track. They both took separate paths with exercise but also spent time walking together. Michael did admit that they were both competitive people, which also helped keep them focus on the financial incentive to see their weight loss goals through. They made a friendly competition between them that whoever lost the most would get to spend the money. This type of teasing kept it fun without putting any damper on the support they provided each other. Michael and his wife did give each other at least one day a week to go out and enjoy a meal on the weekend or have some other type of treat as a reward for their hard work.


slash*!" Can't decide whether I think this is good or bad, though <g>.
you know, the *books* are about those pairings... but that's just me.
there was more of a fiction community around DWJ.
have time to respond to soon. Yayy!


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