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Surah Al-Ahzab Ayat 53 (33:53 Quran) With Tafsir
Surah Ahzab >> Currently viewing Surah Ahzab Ayat 53 (33:53)
Surah Ahzab Ayat 53 in Arabic Text
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَدۡخُلُواْ بُيُوتَ ٱلنَّبِيِّ إِلَّآ أَن يُؤۡذَنَ لَكُمۡ إِلَىٰ طَعَامٍ غَيۡرَ نَٰظِرِينَ إِنَىٰهُ وَلَٰكِنۡ إِذَا دُعِيتُمۡ فَٱدۡخُلُواْ فَإِذَا طَعِمۡتُمۡ فَٱنتَشِرُواْ وَلَا مُسۡتَـٔۡنِسِينَ لِحَدِيثٍۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكُمۡ كَانَ يُؤۡذِي ٱلنَّبِيَّ فَيَسۡتَحۡيِۦ مِنكُمۡۖ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَسۡتَحۡيِۦ مِنَ ٱلۡحَقِّۚ وَإِذَا سَأَلۡتُمُوهُنَّ مَتَٰعٗا فَسۡـَٔلُوهُنَّ مِن وَرَآءِ حِجَابٖۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ أَطۡهَرُ لِقُلُوبِكُمۡ وَقُلُوبِهِنَّۚ وَمَا كَانَ لَكُمۡ أَن تُؤۡذُواْ رَسُولَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَآ أَن تَنكِحُوٓاْ أَزۡوَٰجَهُۥ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦٓ أَبَدًاۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكُمۡ كَانَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ عَظِيمًا
Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo laa tadkhuloo bu yootan Nabiyyi ilaaa ai yu'zana lakum ilaa ta'aamin ghaira naazireena inaahu wa laakin izaa du'eetum fadkhuloo fa izaa ta'imtum fantashiroo wa laa mustaaniseena lihadees; inna zaalikum kaana yu'zin Nabiyya fa yastahyee minkum wallaahu laa yastahyee minal haqq; wa izaa sa altumoohunna mataa'an fas'aloohunna minw waraaa'i hijaab; zaalikum atharu liquloobikum wa quloobihinn; wa maa kaana lakum an tu'zoo Rasoolal laahi wa laaa an tankihooo azwaajahoo mim ba'diheee abadaa; inna zaalikum kaana 'indal laahi 'azeema
O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet except when you are permitted for a meal, without awaiting its readiness. But when you are invited, then enter; and when you have eaten, disperse without seeking to remain for conversation. Indeed, that [behavior] was troubling the Prophet, and he is shy of [dismissing] you. But Allah is not shy of the truth. And when you ask [his wives] for something, ask them from behind a partition. That is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And it is not [conceivable or lawful] for you to harm the Messenger of Allah or to marry his wives after him, ever. Indeed, that would be in the sight of Allah an enormity.
O ye who believe! Enter not the Prophet's houses,- until leave is given you,- for a meal, (and then) not (so early as) to wait for its preparation: but when ye are invited, enter; and when ye have taken your meal, disperse, without seeking familiar talk. Such (behaviour) annoys the Prophet: he is ashamed to dismiss you, but Allah is not ashamed (to tell you) the truth. And when ye ask (his ladies) for anything ye want, ask them from before a screen: that makes for greater purity for your hearts and for theirs. Nor is it right for you that ye should annoy Allah's Messenger, or that ye should marry his widows after him at any time. Truly such a thing is in Allah's sight an enormity.
Believers, enter not the houses of the Prophet without his permission, nor wait for a meal to be prepared; instead enter when you are invited to eat, and when you have had the meal, disperse. Do not linger in idle talk. That is hurtful to the Prophet but he does not express it out of shyness; but Allah is not ashamed of speaking out the Truth. And if you were to ask the wives of the Prophet for something, ask from behind a curtain. That is more apt for the cleanness of your hearts and theirs. It is not lawful for you to cause hurt to Allah's Messenger, nor to ever marry his wives after him. Surely that would be an enormous sin in Allah's sight.
O you who believe! Enter not the Prophet's houses, except when leave is given to you for a meal, (and then) not (so early as) to wait for its preparation. But when you are invited, enter, and when you have taken your meal, disperse, without sitting for a talk. Verily, such (behaviour) annoys the Prophet, and he is shy of (asking) you (to go), but Allah is not shy of (telling you) the truth. And when you ask (his wives) for anything you want, ask them from behind a screen, that is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. And it is not (right) for you that you should annoy Allah's Messenger, nor that you should ever marry his wives after him (his death). Verily! With Allah that shall be an enormity.
O Ye who believe! Enter not the dwellings of the Prophet for a meal without waiting for the proper time, unless permission be granted you. But if ye are invited, enter, and, when your meal is ended, then disperse. Linger not for conversation. Lo! that would cause annoyance to the Prophet, and he would be shy of (asking) you (to go); but Allah is not shy of the truth. And when ye ask of them (the wives of the Prophet) anything, ask it of them from behind a curtain. That is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. And it is not for you to cause annoyance to the messenger of Allah, nor that ye should ever marry his wives after him. Lo! that in Allah's sight would be an enormity.
O you who have believed, do not enter the homes of the Prophet except (when you are permitted in for food, without waiting for its dueness. (i.e., its hour, its time) But when you are invited, then enter. So, when you have had food, then disperse yourselves, neither (announcing yourselves) into familiar discourse. Surely that (Literally: those) hurts the Prophet, so he (feels) shy before you; and Allah does not shy from the truth. And when you ask (his wives) for any article, then ask them from behind a curtain; that is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And in no way should you hurt the Messenger of Allah, nor marry his spouses even after him at all. Surely that would, in the Reckoning of Allah, be a monstrous (thing).
Believers, do not enter the Prophet's apartments for a meal unless you are given permission to do so; do not linger until [a meal] is ready. When you are invited, go in; then, when you have taken your meal, leave. Do not stay on and talk, for that would offend the Prophet, though he would shrink from asking you to leave. God does not shrink from the truth. When you ask his wives for something, do so from behind a screen: this is purer both for your hearts and for theirs. It is not right for you to offend God's Messenger, just as you should never marry his wives after him: that would be grievous in God's eyes.
اے ایمان والو! جب تک تمہیں اجازت نہ دی جائے تم نبی کے گھروں میں نہ جایا کرو کھانے کے لئے ایسے وقت میں کہ اس کے پکنے کا انتظار کرتے رہو بلکہ جب بلایا جائے جاؤ اور جب کھا چکو نکل کھڑے ہو، وہیں باتوں میں مشغول نہ ہوجایا کرو۔ نبی کو تمہاری اس بات سے تکلیف ہوتی ہے۔ تو وه لحاظ کر جاتے ہیں اور اللہ تعالیٰ (بیان) حق میں کسی کا لحاظ نہیں کرتا، جب تم نبی کی بیویوں سے کوئی چیز طلب کرو تو پردے کے پیچھے سے طلب کرو۔ تمہارے اور ان کے دلوں کے لئے کامل پاکیزگی یہی ہے، نہ تمہیں یہ جائز ہے کہ تم رسول اللہ کو تکلیف دو اور نہ تمہیں یہ حلال ہے کہ آپ کے بعد کسی وقت بھی آپ کی بیویوں سے نکاح کرو۔ (یاد رکھو) اللہ کے نزدیک یہ بہت بڑا (گناه) ہے
For those looking for commentary to help with the understanding of Surah Ahzab ayat 53, we've provided two Tafseer works below. The first is the tafseer of Abul Ala Maududi, the second is of Ibn Kathir.
(33:53) Believers, enter not the houses of the Prophet without his permission,[95]nor wait for a meal to be prepared; instead enter when you are invited to eat,[96] and when you have had the meal, disperse. Do not linger in idle talk.[97] That is hurtful to the Prophet but he does not express it out of shyness; but Allah is not ashamed of speaking out the Truth. And if you were to ask the wives of the Prophet for something, ask from behind a curtain. That is more apt for the cleanness of your hearts and theirs.[98] It is not lawful for you to cause hurt to Allah's Messenger,[99] nor to ever marry his wives after him.[100] Surely that would be an enormous sin in Allah's sight.
95. This is an introduction to the general command that was given in (Surah An-Nur, Ayat 27) about a year later. In the ancient times the Arabs would enter one another's house unceremoniously. If a person had to see another person he did not think it was necessary to call at the door or take permission for entry, but would enter the house and ask the womenfolk and children whether the master was at home or not, This custom of ignorance was the cause of many evils and would often give rise to some serious evils. Therefore, in the beginning a rule was made in respect of the houses of the Prophet (peace be upon him) that no person, whether a close friend or a distant relative, could enter there without permission. Then in Surah An-Nur a general command was given to enforce this rule for the houses of all the Muslims.
96. This is the second command in this connection. An uncivilized practice prevalent among the Arabs was that the visitors would call on a friend or acquaintance right at the time of the meals, or would come and prolong their stay till the meals time approached. This would often cause the master of the house great embarrassment. He could neither be so discourteous as to tell the visitors to leave because it was his meals time, nor could feed so many unexpected guests together. For it is not always possible for a person to arrange meals immediately for as many visitors as happened to call on him at a time. Allah disapproved of this practice and commanded that the visitors should go for meals to a house only when invited. This command did not in particular apply to the Prophet's (peace be upon him) house only but the rules were in the beginning enforced in that model household so that they become general rules of etiquette in the houses of the other Muslims as well.
97. This was to reform yet another foolish practice. The guests at a feast, after they had finished eating, would sit down to endless gossip and discussions much to the inconvenience of the people of the house. They would often embarrass the Prophet (peace be upon him) also by this practice, but he would forbear and forget. At last on the day of the marriage feast of Zainab the embarrassment thus caused crossed all limits. According to the Prophet's (peace be upon him) special attendant, Anas bin Malik, the feast was held at night. Most of the people left after taking food but a couple or two of them got engaged in gossip. Disconcerted the Prophet (peace be upon him) rose and went round to his wives. When he returned he found the gentlemen still sitting. He turned back and sat in Aishah's apartment. When a good deal of the night had passed he came to know that the gentlemen had left. Then he returned and went to the apartment of Zainab. After this it became inevitable that Allah Himself should warn the people of these evil practices. According to Anas these verses were revealed on this occasion. (Muslim, Nasai, Ibn Jarir).
98. This is the verse which is called "the verse of the veil". Bukhari has related on the authority of Anas that before the coming down of this verse, Umar had made a suggestion several times to the Prophet (peace be upon him) to the effect: O Messenger of Allah, all sorts of the people, good and bad, come to visit you. Would that you commanded your wives to observe hijab. According to another tradition, once Umar said to the holy wives, "If what I say concerning you is accepted, my eyes should never see you." But since the Prophet (peace be upon him) was not independent in making law, he awaited divine revelation. At last, this command came down that except for the mahram males as being stated in (Surah Al-Ahzab, Ayat 55) below no other man should enter the Prophet's (peace be upon him) houses, and whoever had to ask some thing from the ladies, should ask for it from behind a curtain. After this command curtains were hung at the doors of the apartments of the wives, and since the Prophet's (peace be upon him) house was a model for the Muslims to follow, they too hung curtains at their doors. The last sentence of the verse itself points out that whoever desire that the hearts of the men and women should remain pure, should adopt this way.
Now whosoever has been blessed with understanding by Allah can himself see that the Book which forbids the men and women to talk to each other face to face and commands them to speak from behind a curtain because "That is purer for your hearts and for their hearts," could not possibly permit that the men and women should freely meet in mixed gatherings, educational and democratic institutions and offices, because it did not affect the purity of the hearts in any way. For him who does not want to follow the Quran, the best way would be that he should disregard its commands and should frankly say that he has no desire to follow it. But this would be the height of meanness that he should violate the clear commandments of the Quran and then stubbornly say that he is following the spirit of Islam which he has extracted. After all, what is that spirit of Islam which these people extract from sources outside the Quran and the sunnah?
99. The allusion is to the false allegations that were being made in those days against the Prophet (peace be upon him), and some weak-minded Muslims also were joining the disbelievers and the hypocrites in doing this.
100. This is the explanation of what has been said in (Surah Al-Ahzab, ayat 6): "The Prophet's wives are mothers of the believers."
53. O you who believe! Enter not the Prophet's houses, unless permission is given to you for a meal, (and then) not (so early as) to wait for its preparation. But when you are invited, enter, and when you have taken your meal, disperse without sitting for a talk. Verily, such (behavior) annoys the Prophet, and he is shy of (asking) you (to go); but Allah is not shy of (telling you) the truth. And when you ask (his wives) for anything you want, ask them from behind a screen, that is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. And it is not (right) for you that you should annoy Allah's Messenger, nor that you should ever marry his wives after him (his death). Verily, with Allah that shall be an enormity. 54. Whether you reveal anything or conceal it, verily, Allah is Ever All-Knower of everything.
The Etiquette of entering the Houses of the Prophet and the Command of Hijab
This is the Ayah of Hijab, which includes several legislative rulings and points of etiquette. This is one of the cases where the revelation confirmed the opinion of `Umar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, as it was reported in the Two Sahihs that he said: "My view coincided with that of my Lord in three things. I said, `O Messenger of Allah, why do you not take Maqam Ibrahim as a place of prayer' Then Allah revealed:
﴿وَاتَّخِذُواْ مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَهِيمَ مُصَلًّى﴾
(And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer) (2:125) And I said, `O Messenger of Allah, both righteous and immoral people enter upon your wives, so why do you not screen them' Then Allah revealed the Ayah of Hijab. And I said to the wives of the Prophet when they conspired against him out of jealousy,
﴿عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِن طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَن يُبْدِلَهُ أَزْوَجاً خَيْراً مِّنكُنَّ﴾
(It may be if he divorced you (all) that his Lord will give him instead of you, wives better than you) (66:5), and this is what Allah revealed." In a report recorded by Muslim, the prisoners of Badr are mentioned, and this is a fourth matter (in which the view of `Umar coincided with that of his Lord). Al-Bukhari recorded that Anas bin Malik said: "`Umar bin Al-Khattab said: `O Messenger of Allah, both righteous and immoral people enter upon you, so why not instruct the Mothers of the believers to observe Hijab' Then Allah revealed the Ayah of Hijab." Al-Bukhari recorded that Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "When the Messenger of Allah married Zaynab bint Jahsh, he invited the people to eat, then they sat talking. When he wanted to get up, they did not get up. When he saw that, he got up anyway, and some of them got up, but three people remained sitting. The Prophet wanted to go in, but these people were sitting, then they got up and went away. I came and told the Prophet that they had left, then he came and entered. I wanted to follow him, but he put the screen between me and him. Then Allah revealed,
﴿يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لاَ تَدْخُلُواْ بُيُوتَ النَّبِىِّ إِلاَّ أَن يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَـظِرِينَ إِنَـهُ وَلَـكِنْ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ فَادْخُلُواْ فَإِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانْتَشِرُواْ﴾
(O you who believe! Enter not the Prophet's houses, unless permission is given to you for a meal, (and then) not (so early as) to wait for its preparation. But when you are invited, enter, and when you have taken your meal, disperse…)" Al-Bukhari also recorded this elsewhere. It was also recorded by Muslim and An-Nasa'i. Then Al-Bukhari recorded that Anas bin Malik said: "The Prophet married Zaynab bint Jahsh with (a wedding feast of) meat and bread. I sent someone to invite people to the feast, and some people came and ate, then left. Then another group came and ate, and left. I invited people until there was no one left to invite. I said, `O Messenger of Allah, I cannot find anyone else to invite.' He said,
«ارْفَعُوا طَعَامَكُم»
(Take away the food.) There were three people left who were talking in the house. The Prophet went out until he came to the apartment of `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, and he said,
«السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُه»
(May peace be upon you, members of the household, and the mercy and blessings of Allah.) She said, `And upon you be peace and the mercy of Allah. How did you find your (new) wife, O Messenger of Allah May Allah bless you.' He went round to the apartments of all his wives, and spoke with them as he had spoken with `A'ishah, and they spoke as `A'ishah had spoken. Then the Prophet came back, and those three people were still talking in the house. The Prophet was extremely shy, so he went out and headed towards `A'ishah's apartment. I do not know whether I told him or someone else told him when the people had left, so he came back, and when he was standing with one foot over the threshold and the other foot outside, he placed the curtain between me and him, and the Ayah of Hijab was revealed." This was recorded only by Al-Bukhari among the authors of the Six Books, apart from An-Nasa'i, in Al-Yaum wal-Laylah.
﴿لاَ تَدْخُلُواْ بُيُوتَ النَّبِىِّ﴾
(Enter not the Prophet's houses,) the believers were prohibited from entering the houses of the Messenger of Allah without permission, as they used to do during the Jahiliyyah and at the beginning of Islam, until Allah showed His jealousy over this Ummah and commanded them to seek permission. This is a sign of His honoring this Ummah. Hence the Messenger of Allah said:
«إِيَّاكُمْ وَالدُّخُولَ عَلَى النِّسَاء»
(Beware of entering upon women…) Then Allah makes an exception, when He says:
﴿إِلاَّ أَن يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَـظِرِينَ إِنَـهُ﴾
(unless permission is given to you for a meal, (and then) not (so early as) to wait for its preparation.) Mujahid, Qatadah and others said: "This means, without waiting for the food to be prepared." In other words, do not watch the food as it is being cooked to see if it is nearly ready, then come and enter the house, because this is one of the things that Allah dislikes and condemns. This indicates that it is forbidden to watch out for food being prepared, which is what the Arabs called Tatfil (being an uninvited guest). Al-Khatib Al-Baghdadi wrote a book condemning those who watch out for food being prepared, and mentioned more things about this topic than we can quote here. Then Allah says:
﴿وَلَـكِنْ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ فَادْخُلُواْ فَإِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانْتَشِرُواْ﴾
(But when you are invited, enter, and when you have taken your meal, disperse) In Sahih Muslim it is recorded that Ibn `Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "The Messenger of Allah said:
«إِذَا دَعَا أَحَدُكُمْ أَخَاهُ فَلْيُجِبْ عُرْسًا كَانَ أَوْ غَيْرَه»
(When anyone of you invites his bother, let him respond, whether it is for a wedding or for any other reason.)" Allah says:
﴿وَلاَ مُسْتَأْنِسِينَ لِحَدِيثٍ﴾
(without sitting for a talk.) meaning, as those three people did who stayed behind and chatted, and forgot themselves to such an extent that this caused inconvenience for the Messenger of Allah as Allah says:
﴿إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ يُؤْذِى النَّبِىِّ فَيَسْتَحْيِى مِنكُمْ﴾
(Verily, such (behavior) annoys the Prophet, and he is shy of (asking) you (to go);) It was said that what was meant was, your entering his houses without permission causes him inconvenience and annoyance, but he did not like to forbid them to do so because he felt too shy,' until Allah revealed that this was forbidden. Allah says:
﴿وَاللَّهُ لاَ يَسْتَحْىِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ﴾
(but Allah is not shy of (telling you) the truth.) meaning, `this is why He is forbidding and prohibiting you from doing that.' Then Allah says:
﴿وَإِذَا سَأَلْتُمُوهُنَّ مَتَـعاً فَاسْـَلُوهُنَّ مِن وَرَآءِ حِجَابٍ﴾
(And when you ask (his wives) for anything you want, ask them from behind a screen,) meaning, `just as it is forbidden for you to enter upon them, it is forbidden for you to look at them at all. If anyone of you has any need to take anything from them, he should not look at them, but he should ask for whatever he needs from behind a screen.'
Prohibition of annoying the Messenger and the Statement that His Wives are Unlawful for the Muslims
﴿وَمَا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تؤْذُواْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ أَن تَنكِحُواْ أَزْوَاجَهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ أَبَداً إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ عِندَ اللَّهِ عَظِيماً﴾
(And it is not (right) for you that you should annoy Allah's Messenger, nor that you should ever marry his wives after him (his death). Verily, with Allah that shall be an enormity.) Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn `Abbas said concerning the Ayah;
﴿وَمَا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تؤْذُواْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ﴾
(And it is not (right) for you that you should annoy Allah's Messenger,) "This was revealed concerning a man who wanted to marry one of the wives of the Prophet after he died. A man said to Sufyan, `Was it `A'ishah' He said, `That is what they said."' This was also stated by Muqatil bin Hayyan and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam. He also reported with his chain of narration from As-Suddi that the one who wanted to do this was Talhah bin `Ubaydullah, may Allah be pleased with him, until this Ayah was revealed forbidding that. Hence the scholars were unanimous in stating that it was forbidden for anyone to marry any of the women who were married to the Messenger of Allah at the time when he died, because they are his wives in this world and in the Hereafter, and they are the Mothers of the believers, as stated previously. Allah regarded that as a very serious matter, and issued the sternest of warnings against it, as He said:
﴿إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ عِندَ اللَّهِ عَظِيماً﴾
(Verily, with Allah that shall be an enormity.) Then He said:
﴿إِن تُبْدُواْ شَيْئاً أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيماً ﴾
(Whether you reveal anything or conceal it, verily, Allah is Ever All-Knower of everything.) meaning, `whatever you conceal in your innermost thoughts, it is not hidden from Him at all.'
﴿يَعْلَمُ خَآئِنَةَ الاٌّعْيُنِ وَمَا تُخْفِى الصُّدُورُ ﴾
(Allah knows the fraud of the eyes, and all that the breasts conceal.) (40:19).
Surah Ahzab
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Sycamore House reopens after £326,000 refurbishment
A new multi-purpose centre has opened today (Monday 24 July) after a £326,000 refurbishment of the old Sycamore House building.
The refurbished building, to be (imaginatively) called 30 Clarence Street, will be the new city centre facility providing a range of services for residents young and old.
30 Clarence Street will be the new location for young people's services, previously delivered from Castlegate, and will provide a drop-in and specialist advice, guidance and support service for young people age 16-18 who are not in education, employment and training. Confidential counselling for young people aged 16-25, and information signposting to services for a range of advice from health matters, relationships, housing and benefits, learning and working will also be available.
The adults' mental health recovery service will also be based at 30 Clarence Street and will offer support, advice and, guidance to residents who are referred to it. As well as this support, people will also be able to access training and placement schemes, working on reception or in the cafe, to help them develop their skills and confidence.
Residents will be able to enjoy the refurbished Explore reading café where they can browse a range of books, meet friends, socialise and enjoy a cuppa.
The council is also leasing office space on the first floor of the building to York Mind and York Pathways and, given the links between these organisations and the services operating from the ground floor, this arrangement will help facilitate even closer working relationships between the voluntary and community sector, the council and health services.
Later in the year, the building will also welcome 'The Haven', an evening service will provide a safe and supportive environment for people experiencing mental distress. Open 6pm – 11pm, 7 days a week, 'The Haven' will offer a welcome to anyone needing it and will be run by specialist mental health services.
The opening of 'The Haven' was made possible after City of York Council and partners in the North Yorkshire and York crisis care concordat successfully bid for £178,000 of Department for Health funding to support the initiative. City of York Council has provided the other £148,000 of funding for the refurbishment of 30 Clarence Street.
Councillor Carol Runciman, executive member with responsibility for health and adult social care said: "30 Clarence St promises to be a great facility for our residents to access a host of information, advice and support. The opening later this year of 'The Haven' will be another invaluable addition, supporting those who need it outside daytime hours.
"This service will add to the support available through our mental health recovery service, and follows the announcement of an £80,000 contract that the council has recently awarded to York Mind, alongside a number of voluntary and community sector partners, to deliver mental health support activities in the community. This all shows our commitment to improving mental health support across the city."
Posted on July 24, 2017 by Steve Galloway	in Children & Young People, Health, Local Services, News, Social Services	| Tagged Clarence Street, Mental health, Sycamore House, Younger peoples advice	| 1 Comment
One thought on "Sycamore House reopens after £326,000 refurbishment"
Roger Pierce says:
You may be right about the new name. But the building was always difficult to find on the street under its old name. I couldn't find it at first and a nearby shopkeeper said he didn't know where it was.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Chia is native to Mexico and Guatemala and was a major staple in the diets of the Mayans and the Aztecs dating back hundreds of years ago. In the 1980's chia had a brief surge in popularity in the Western world, not as a source of nutrition but as an ornamental plant that sprouted from terracotta figures known as "Chia Pets". Now, chia is trending again, and for good reason - this tiny seed is rich in fiber, plant-based omega 3's, and a range of minerals including phosphorus, manganese, magnesium, calcium, and iron. Chia is easy to eat and due to its neutral flavor, can be added to almost anything. However, if left to sit in a wet medium, chia will absorb liquid and turn into a tapioca pudding-like gel, which may be disgusting or delightful, depending on the recipe and your textural preferences.
Chia, a tiny seed in the mint family, has had several popularity "booms".
The first was in pre-Columbian times. Chia, which is native to Mexico and Guatemala, was a primary food in Aztec and Mayan diets, rivaling even maize as a staple source of nutrition. Chia was a prized crop because it was nutritionally dense and had a long storage life, and was suitable for traveling; both warriors and long distance runners relied on this food to give them energy and stamina.
The second surge came in the 1980's with the popularity of the sprout-before-your-eyes Chia Pet. For awhile, you couldn't turn on the TV without hearing , "Ch-ch-ch-chia!" There's not much more to say about that.
The third peak in chia popularity is now. This trend has been growing for the past decade, and although years ago you could only find chia tucked away in specialty health food stores, now it's found in most grocery stores, and features as an ingredient in energy drinks, granola bars, cereals, bread, and crackers.
Chia is popular for good reason. Chia is high in fiber and omega 3 fats, it's easy to prepare, and it's fun to eat. Although chia can be sprinkled on anything, it is perhaps most famous for its use in chia puddings. Chia can hold ten times its weight in water, and when mixed with liquid, chia quickly swells and gels to create a delightful dish with a tapioca pudding texture. These puddings can be topped with fruit or nuts and make a wonderful, satisfying breakfast.
Chia seeds, which are oval-shaped and less than a millimeter in diameter, come in "white" or "black" varieties. In reality, "white" chia seeds are actually pale grey and "black" chia seeds are a marbled, dark grey. There are no significant flavor or nutritional differences between these two varieties.
If you are nimble-fingered enough to crack open a tiny seed, it would reveal a pale, fat-rich meat with a sweet, nutty flavor similar to flax seeds. When mixed in food, the flavor of chia is nearly undetectable. However, especially if left to sit in a wet medium, chia seeds will alter texture as they absorb the moisture around them and swell into gel-like balls, dramatically thickening whatever medium they were added to.
Two tablespoons of chia (about 28g or one ounce) has 138 calories, 4.7g protein, 8.7g of fat, 11.9g of carbohydrates, 9.8g fiber, and no sugar. Chia is an excellent source of phosphorus, manganese, and magnesium, and a good source of calcium and iron.
As mentioned, chia is also rich in plant-based omega 3's, containing about 2.5g of omega 3's per tablespoon.
When purchasing chia, shop at quality food stores with high product turnover. If shopping at bulk food stores, shop at stores with covered bins.
Choose chia seeds that are pale grey or dark grey, and note that speckling and non-uniform coloring is normal. Avoid seeds that are brown, which is a sign of immaturity; these seeds will have less nutritional value than their mature counterparts and will taste more bitter.
Good quality chia will smell and taste sweet and nutty. Detectable bitterness means the seeds are either immature or rancid. Although ground chia seeds are available, whole chia seeds have a longer shelf life and will be less likely to go rancid on the shelves.
If buying packaged chia, read the ingredients. Chia seeds, ground or whole, should not contain any other ingredients.
Also note that although chia is now a feature ingredient in many foods, it does not mean the food is healthy. As with everything you buy, read the ingredients and check nutritional labels to make sure the product meets your own personal quality standards.
Like all nuts and seeds with a high fat content, whole chia seeds will keep best in a sealed container in the fridge or freezer, where they will last six months to a year. If you are planning to consume them within a couple of months, a cool, dark, dry cupboard will be a suitable storage place.
Unlike flax seeds, chia seeds don't have to be ground in order for you to digest them and extract their nutrients.
Chia seeds can be eaten without any special preparation and sprinkled on salads, soups, or porridges, where, if they aren't allowed to sit for too long, will retain a pleasant crunchiness. They can also be added to smoothies to boost nutrition and add thickness and texture, or left to gel and then used as an egg replacer in baked goods.
Combine one part chia mixed with four to five parts liquid (you can use regular milk, nut milk, or juice), stir, and allow to "sit", for at least 20 minutes. Better yet, let it sit for a couple of hours (or overnight). Shorter sitting times will result in a "looser", grainier pudding whereas letting chia sit longer will allow the seed to absorb liquid to its full glory, creating a thick, tapioca pudding texture.
Top this pudding with yogurt, fruit, nuts, granola, and/or stir in some protein powder. The possibilities are endless! Get creative!
Chia, rich in fiber and omega 3's, absorbs liquid and swells to create a luxurious pudding texture. Chocolate and peanut butter are an unstoppable flavour team - this is a breakfast that feels like dessert.


Yeah.. because the developer said. but please use the Private Message next time my dear.
(12-23-2014 12:56 PM)Luna Wrote: Yeah.. because the developer said. but please use the Private Message next time my dear.
Well solution is still not here.. How Gnarled Fixed it? .. Even i'm facing same problem. GunzLauncher download all patch files and allows me to Start gunz. but after starting it crashes on Loading of Pictures/Interfaces etc. So tell me how did he fix it?


Phosphate encourages strong roots and flowers.
1 What Are the Side Effects of Using Phosphate-Based Fertilizers?
Having adequate phosphate in your garden ensures that plants will have strong root systems, healthy fruits and flowers, and higher yields of edible crops. If you need to boost phosphate levels, consider a natural source such as bone meal. Bone meal is higher in the nutrient, also known as phosphorus, than many other sources, costs less and requires less of the material than other amendments. But before adding phosphate, find out what the pH of your soil is. Alkaline soils are less able deliver phosphate to plants, and should be corrected before you attempt to add natural phosphate.
Conduct a soil test on your soil to determine the current levels of phosphate and the current pH level of your soil. Depending on the system you use, the relative adequacy of the phosphate and the pH level will be expressed by the intensity of the color it registers or by a numerical figure.
Broadcast sulfur evenly over the soil you're amending by hand or using a fertilizer spreader, and work it into the top 6 to 8 inches of soil. This step is best done in the fall, or several months before adding phosphate, in order give the sulfur time to lower pH.
Calculate how much bone meal you will need to buy, based on your soil's current phosphate deficiency. If you have adequate levels that you want to maintain, purchase 10 pounds of bone meal for every 1,000 square feet. If your test indicated that you the soil is moderately low in phosphate, purchase 20 pounds. For extremely deficient soils, purchase 30 pounds. (Divide or multiply these amounts based on the square footage of the area you need to amend).
Broadcast the bone meal evenly over the area by hand or by using a fertilizer spreader. Do this in late winter or early spring.
Rake the bone meal layer smooth to ensure even distribution.
Till or hoe the bone meal into the top 6 to 8 inches of soil, making sure the bone meal is thoroughly incorporated.
Rake the area smooth again.
Water the treated soil thoroughly so that the phosphate can begin leaching into the garden.
If you are treating an existing bed, work the recommended amount of bone meal into the top inch of soil, taking care not disrupt plant roots. Water thoroughly and top with fresh mulch.
When you haven't had time to amend soil before planting, bone meal can be added to the bottom of the garden hole. Toss a handful into each hole, sprinkle some compost over it, and set the plant in the hole. This phosphate boost works best in non-alkaline soils.
Other sources of phosphate include rock phosphate and colloidal phosphate, which you may find preferable to animal-based sources like bone meal and manure. For soil currently containing adequate levels of phosphate, use 10 pounds of either amendment per 1,000 square feet. For moderately low phosphate levels, use 25 pounds. For extremely deficient soils, use 60 pounds.
Manure is also an option for adding both phosphate and nitrogen. Be aware, however, that phosphate levels vary depending on whether you are using cow, steer, horse or poultry manure. It's also important to use only dry, aged manure to ensure that no harmful pathogens reach your garden soil.
Douglas, Ellen. "How to Increase the Natural Phosphate in Soil." Home Guides | SF Gate, http://homeguides.sfgate.com/increase-natural-phosphate-soil-72824.html. Accessed 24 April 2019.
Is Bone Meal Good for Tomato Plants?
How Often Do You Use Bone Meal on Roses?
What Soil Amendments Do Onions Like?
What Is Bone Meal Fertilizer Made Of?
What Is Bone Meal in Gardening Used For?
Do I Need Bone Meal to Fertilize Fruit Trees?


text:
The State University of New York at Purchase (commonly Purchase College or SUNY Purchase) is a public liberal arts college in Purchase, New York. It is one of 13 comprehensive colleges in the State University of New York (SUNY) system. It was founded by Governor Nelson Rockefeller in 1967 as "the cultural gem of the SUNY system."

Purchase College confers the following degrees: Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Science (BS), Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA), Bachelor of Music (MusB), Master of Arts (MA), Master of Fine Arts (MFA), and the Master of Music (MM). As a requirement for the BA and BS degree, students undertake a senior project in which they devote two semesters to an in-depth, original, and creative study under the close supervision of a faculty mentor. Similarly, the BFA and MusB studies culminate in a senior exhibition, film, or recital. Master's degree programs culminate in a thesis and the MFA and MM culminate in an exhibition, recital, or related presentation.

History

The land that would become Purchase College was first settled by the Thomas family in 1734. John Thomas served as an assemblyman in colonial New York from 1743 to 1776. He served as a judge for the Court of Common Pleas in Westchester and a Muster-Master. Judge Thomas was an early supporter of American independence. Robert Bolton wrote in History of Westchester County that Thomas was "a warm Whig" who gave the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence in New York at the White Plains courthouse on July 11, 1776. On March 22, 1777, Thomas was imprisoned by the British and died on May 2, 1777.

John Thomas' sons, John Thomas, Jr. and Thomas Thomas, also fought for American independence. Thomas Thomas was later appointed a General. He is buried at the Thomas family graveyard, which is located behind the Neuberger Museum of Art on the campus of Purchase College. A tall, white stone obelisk commemorates General Thomas and his family.

In 2019, Thomas J. Schwarz announced that he was stepping down from his role as president after 18 years of service. State University of New York Board of Trustees has appointed Dennis Craig as interim president of Purchase College effective on August 1, 2019.
Dr. Milagros Peña was named the next President of Purchase College in May 2020.

Academics

As of 2021, Purchase College had 3,695 undergraduate students with freshman enrollment of 647. 59.9% of Purchase's student body is female. 17% of the college's students come from outside of New York state. Purchase has an acceptance rate of 52% and a student-teacher ratio of 12:1. 62% of Purchase students receive need-based financial aid and the college has an endowment of $61.1 million.

Purchase College offers majors from three schools: the School for Liberal Arts and Sciences, the School of the Arts, and the School of Liberal Studies & Continuing Education. According to U.S. News & World Report, the five most popular majors for 2016 graduates at Purchase College were Visual and Performing Arts (48%); General Studies and Humanities (16%); Social Sciences (8%); Psychology (6%); and Communication, Journalism and related programs (5%).

Purchase College was ranked the 10th best public national liberal arts college and, including private liberal arts colleges, tied for 155th overall in U.S. News & World Report's 2021 college rankings. Kiplinger ranked the school as the 86th "Best Value in Public Colleges" in 2018. It was also listed as one of the 100 Best Value Public Colleges for the years 2013 and 2014 by the Princeton Review. The Princeton Review rated the school's theatre as the second best. Purchase was also listed as one of the Princeton Review's top 382 colleges for 2018. Newsweek ranked the school's student body as the thirteenth most liberal in 2012.

School of the Arts

Purchase College's School of the Arts houses the college's schools of Art+Design and Art Management. It also oversees Purchase's conservatories of Dance, Music and Theatre Arts. Most courses offered by BA programs housed in the School of the Arts are open to all Purchase students. Many BFA and MusB classes are open to all students as well. Approximately 40% of Purchase College's student body is enrolled in the School of the Arts.

The Jandon Business of the Arts Distinguished Lecture Series, endowed by the Donald Cecil family, is designed to enhance the arts management program at the college. Past lecturers include Joseph Volpe, former general manager of the Metropolitan Opera, and Ben Cameron, program director at the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation.

School of Art+Design
Purchase College's School of Art+Design houses the college's programs in graphic design, painting/drawing, photography, printmaking, and sculpture. It also houses the Richard and Dolly Maas Gallery, which exhibits work from emerging artists, students, faculty, and alumni. The School of Art+Design hosts an annual Visiting Artist Lecture Series that brings artists, art historians, curators, and critics to campus for lectures and discussions with students and the broader Purchase community. Previous guest lecturers include Jules de Balincourt, Justine Kurland, Amanda Ross-Ho, and Barnaby Furnas.

Conservatory of Dance

The Conservatory of Dance houses both bachelor's and master's programs. It is one of the most highly regarded conservatories of dance in the United States. Undergraduates may major in modern or performance ballet, and dance composition and dance production. The conservatory confers master's degrees in dance choreography and performance teaching. The Conservatory of Dance is housed in the Purchase College Dance Building, which was the first facility constructed in the United States solely for the study and performance of dance.

It is also home to the Purchase Dance Company, the college's student dance company. The Purchase Dance company presents The Nutcracker every December and a balanced repertory during the spring semester. The dance company also tours throughout the United States and internationally during the college's summer break. Purchase College students must audition for inclusion in the dance company, and the cast for individual shows is based on the technical competencies of members of the company. Students may earn college credit for their participation in the company.

Conservatory of Music

Purchase College's Conservatory of Music houses the college's bachelor's and master's programs in music. Undergraduates may study classical music instrumentation with a concentration in one of several types of instruments; voice and opera; classical composition; jazz; studio composition; or studio production. The Conservatory of Music also offers master's programs in all of these areas, except studio production. The enrollment in the conservatory is limited to 400 undergraduate and graduate students. It is one of the few conservatories in the United States that produces full opera productions predominately for undergraduates. The conservatory's Music Building has two recital halls, 75 practice rooms, 80 Steinway & Sons pianos, and professional recording studios.

The Purchase Opera, the school's student opera company, was founded in 1998 and has won nine first-place honors from the National Opera Association. During the 2012–13 season, the opera won first place in the National Opera Association's Division II for its production of Die Fledermaus and second place in Division III for its production of Hansel and Gretel''.

The Purchase Jazz Orchestra is a 17-piece big band composed of students from the conservatory's jazz studies program. Each year the orchestra performs at jazz venues such as Blue Note Jazz Club and Dizzy's in New York City.

Conservatory of Theatre Arts

The Conservatory of Theatre Arts confers three undergraduate degrees: acting; theatre design/technology; and theatre and performance. The conservatory is among the top theatre schools in the nation, according to the Princeton Review. The conservatory was ranked 10 in Hollywood Reporter's list of World's Best Drama Schools in 2014. It has a total enrollment of around 400 students.

The conservatory's training focuses on the needs and strengths of individual students, instead of a one-size-fits-all training approach. Students participate in showcases and exhibitions in New York City, Los Angeles, and on-campus at the school's blackbox theater. Conservatory students can also work on Purchase Repertory Theatre productions. The theatre's productions are held at the Purchase Arts Center and are student-led shows that feature both acting and design/technology students. Notable acting faculty include Christopher McCann  and Trazana Beverley.

The Broadway Technical Theatre History Project at Purchase College presents the annual "Backstage Legends and Masters Award" to distinguished professionals who represent a variety of Broadway production specialties.

School of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Purchase College's School of Liberal Arts and Sciences houses the college's School of Film and Media Studies; School of Humanities; School of Natural and Social Sciences and interdisciplinary studies. Students can choose from 23 separate majors or they can design an interdisciplinary major from several courses of study.

The annual Durst Lecture Series, supported by an endowment from the Durst family, brings in celebrated writers to the campus. Past lecturers include authors Tim O'Brien, Hettie Jones, Claudia Rankine and Manohla Dargis.

School of Film and Media Studies
The college's School of Film and Media Studies houses undergraduate programs in Cinema Studies; Film; Media Studies; New Media, Playwriting and Screenwriting.

School of Humanities
The School of Humanities houses the college's undergraduate programs in art history; creative writing; history; journalism; language and culture; literature; and philosophy. It also offers a master's in art history.

In addition to its curriculum, the School of Humanities frequently features renowned authors and scholars who provide lectures, known as the Durst Lecture Series. These lectures are supported by the Roy and Shirley Durst Distinguished Chair in Literature. Past lecturers include Rachel Kushner, Claudia Rankine, Kirstin Valdez Quade, and Alexander Chee. Lectures are open to the public and provide an open forum for student feedback and interaction.

School of Natural and Social Sciences

Purchase's School of Natural and Social Sciences houses the college's undergraduate programs in anthropology; biochemistry; biology; chemistry; economics; environmental studies; mathematics/computer science; political science; psychology; and sociology. The school also presents an annual Natural and Social Sciences Symposium, which exhibits original research conducted by students; and a lecture series funded by Con Edison.

Interdisciplinary Studies
The School of Liberal Arts and Sciences offers the Liberal Arts Individualized Program of Study (informally called the Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts), which is open to students who want to pursue an individualized course of study that is not accommodated by an existing major. Students work with two faculty members representing their study disciplines to create an individualized curriculum. It also encompasses undergraduate programs in gender studies, Asian studies, and Latin American studies.

School of Liberal Studies & Continuing Education
The School of Liberal Studies & Continuing Education at Purchase College allows community residents and students to complete their bachelor's degree and to take both credit and noncredit courses at the college. The school confers the bachelor's degree in liberal studies, which is designed for students with some undergraduate credit who want complete their degree within a tight time-frame and are looking for a flexible schedule. Up to 90 transfer credits are accepted in this program. It also offers continuing education and certificate programs; an online winter session; and the college's summer session.

Noncredit Professional Certificate Programs
The School of Liberal Studies & Continuing Education (LSCE) offers noncredit professional certificate courses in appraisal studies (summer only), arts management, drawing and painting, geographic information systems (GIS) (fall and spring only), home staging, interior design (fall and spring only), museum studies (fall and spring only), and social media marketing (fall and spring only). Students may take individual courses without commitment to an entire program, or complete the program requirements and earn a certificate.

The School of Liberal Studies & Continuing Education also partners with specific online providers to increase the flexibility and breadth of certificate offerings. Students can take online courses in nonprofit management, paralegal studies, and receive a CEU certificate upon completion of the health coach training program at the Institute for Integrative Nutrition (IIN).

Noncredit Personal Enrichment Courses
The School of Liberal Studies & Continuing Education offers noncredit personal enrichment courses that are open to the general public and allow participants to explore personal interests. Students may take courses in woodworking, woodturning, tattoo illustration, photography, creative writing, and filmmaking, with courses in other programs offered throughout the year. The personal enrichment program also offers students who are not enrolled in a degree program at Purchase College the opportunity to take selected undergraduate credit courses on a noncredit basis at a lower noncredit tuition rate. Additionally, students may take individual courses in any of the noncredit professional certificate programs without making a commitment to the entire program.

Youth and Precollege Programs
For more than 38 years, the School of Liberal Arts & Continuing Education has offered the Summer Youth and Precollege Program in the Arts to provide precollege students a forum to experience enriching learning opportunities. Courses are offered in areas such as songwriting, acting, architecture, visual arts, creative writing, filmmaking, video game and app creation, voice, fashion, musical theatre, and more. Programs are offered in two- and four-week sessions over a six-week period, with full-day and commuter options.

Senior project
Students at Purchase must successfully complete a senior project prior to graduation. The senior project requires that students devote two semesters to original and creative study.

Student life

Purchase Student Government Association
The Purchase Student Government Association (PSGA) is a nonprofit corporation responsible for managing the money collected from Purchase College students' Mandatory Student Activity Fee. The PSGA is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. These three branches are subdivided into six bodies: the executive board, the Senate, the Judicial Board, the Council of Clubs & Organizations, the Student Activities Board, and Services Board. In addition to advocating on the student body's behalf, the PSGA runs the college's Student Center, (known to the student body as "The Stood"), and most non-academic activities on campus, including numerous student-run services, and all clubs and organizations.

Clubs

Purchase College hosts a variety of clubs, organizations and services for its students to engage in their hobbies and interests with one another. As of spring 2018, Purchase boasts over 50 of these organizations, reflecting its on-campus diversity.

Events
In addition to its clubs, Purchase College holds several events throughout the year, accommodating the diverse musical and artistic interests of its student body. Most notably, these events include:
 Culture Shock: Culture Shock is an annual two-day music and carnival festival sponsored by the PSGA. Typically held in April, the weekend festival has featured dozens of renowned performers, including alumni students who have recently graduated from Purchase's Music Conservatory. Some notable performers include: Iggy Azalea, Flatbush Zombies, MF Doom, Lil B, Ween, Jay Electronica, SZA, Dan Deacon, Regina Spektor, Deerhoof, Pissed Jeans, Animal Collective, GZA, Cat Power, Blonde Redhead, Bouncing Souls, Ghostface Killah, Ted Leo, Biz Markie, Kool Keith, Slick Rick, Destiny's Child, Solange, Drake, Tycho, Beach Fossils, Dead Prez, The Front Bottoms, and Big Freedia.
 Fall Fest: An "appetizer" for Culture Shock, Fall Fest is the first of the two major music festivals at Purchase College, typically held in October. Like Culture Shock, Fall Fest features of number of bands and Purchase Music Conservatory Alumni.
 Zombie Prom: Zombie Prom is a prom-type event held annually in the spring that features live music, a DJ, and of course - students dressed up as zombies.
 Student-run shows that take place in one of the two stages at The Stood: Whitson's or Mainstage.

The Stood
The SUNY Purchase Student Center, which is known to the student body as simply "The Stood" was created on January 26, 2003 by Offer Ben-Arie as a recreation hall for students. Before its inception, the building which houses The Stood was a warehouse called the Butler Building. The Stood serves as a space on campus for students to express themselves outside of a school setting. The Stood is a fully equipped music venue, hosting many of the college's larger events such as: Fall Fest, Zombie Prom, SK80s, Afrodisiac, Stood-o-ween, and sometimes Culture Shock. These events usually take place on the larger of the two stages inside of The Stood, typically known as Mainstage, which has a capacity of 900. Smaller, more underground shows happen in The Stood's other performance room, Whitson's Memorial Greeting Hall, which is more commonly known as just "Whitson's" and has a capacity of 250. Students can book this room to play their own shows. Curated events sometimes happen in Whitson's, featuring larger, non-student acts. Some notable people and artists who have played in Whitson's are: Mitski, Princess Nokia, and Crumb. These events are typical to what you would see at a smaller venue in New York City, and are always free. The building is student-run and student-funded by the Mandatory Student Activity Fee.

Greek Life
Purchase College does not officially recognize fraternities or sororities on its campus, and the student body has a traditional disdain for such organizations. However, upon request, the college will allow such organizations to use space on campus, as available, to the same extent it provides space to other student organizations.

Athletics
SUNY Purchase teams, the Purchase Panthers, participate as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division III. The Panthers are a member of the Skyline Conference. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis and volleyball. Women's sports include basketball, cross country, lacrosse, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis and volleyball.

The Purchase College Athletic Department also houses non-varsity and intramural teams and clubs. Intramural teams include basketball, flag football, floor hockey, indoor soccer, racquet sports, co-ed softball, Water Polo, Quidditch and volleyball. Intramural clubs include Men's Lacrosse, fencing club, stage combat, Tae Kwan Do, Ultimate Frisbee club, Nerf club, Outdoors Adventure, field hockey, Chung Do Kwan, equestrian, Zumba and PiYo.

In 2014, SUNY Purchase Men's Soccer Program won its first Skyline Conference Championship, defeating St. Joe's (LI) in overtime by the score of 2–1.

Campus

Purchase College is located on approximately  in Westchester County, New York on the former Strathglass farm. The property was originally owned by Thomas Thomas, an American Revolutionary war soldier, whose family-and-servant cemetery remains on the campus between the south end of the Humanities and Visual Arts buildings. The college is adjacent to the Westchester County Airport, and is across the street from PepsiCo's corporate headquarters.

Dormitories and housing

Purchase college consists of six dormitory halls, Crossroads, Central (formerly Big Haus), Farside, Outback, Fort Awesome, and Wayback; along with three apartment complexes, The Olde, The Commons (The Neu), and Alumni Village. Crossroads, Farside, and parts of Central house first year students and the staff in the building, one professional Residence Coordinator (RC) and two Residence Assistants (RA's) per floor, are accommodated towards offering first year students help. The other parts of Central along with Outback, Fort Awesome, Wayback, and the apartment complexes are upperclassmen housing and the selection process of these buildings are determined by the amount of credits one has. Outback residence hall is also a part of the wellness program housing the school provides which according to its page on the Purchase website "houses students committed to holistic health and wellness. Staff and residents develop programs that focus specifically on areas of Wellness including Physical, Intellectual, Vocational/Occupational, Emotional, Social (Cultural, Societal, Family, Community), Environmental and Spiritual."

In the fall of 2016, some apartments in the Commons K street apartment block caught fire during cooking activities. No students were hurt and most were able to return to their apartments, but others were housed at the neighboring Manhattanville College  until replacement housing was available for them on campus.

Architecture
The college's master architectural plan was created by architect Edward Larrabee Barnes and reflected the belief that "modern architecture might be able to reshape the world." It has been described as a "period piece of the 1960s" and the architects who designed and built the campus include Philip Johnson and John Burgee, Paul Rudolph, Venturi & Rauch, Gwathmey Siegel & Henderson, The Architects Collaborative, Giovanni Pasanella, and Gunnar Birkerts. The campus' original buildings were placed close together to allow the surrounding fields to remain open. The college grounds are also home to many sculptures.

Campus sustainability
The college consistently ranks as one of the top sustainable colleges in the nation having ranked 72nd by the Sierra Club's America's greenest colleges. This ranking factors in the college's energy use, waste, water, food, and purchasing policies. The college is also included in the 2014 Princeton Review Guide to Green Colleges.

In 2014, the college unveiled the "Rocket" composting system, which has the capacity to handle 460 gallons of food waste every week.

Performing Arts Center

Situated on the campus is the college's Performing Arts Center. It is a four-theatre complex that is the largest performing arts center in the SUNY system. The center's performance spaces include the 1400-seat, three-tiered Concert Hall with hydraulic lifts for orchestra; the 600-seat Recital Hall with rear-screen projection bay; the 700-seat PepsiCo Theatre designed by Ming Cho Lee; and the Repertory Theatre, a "black box" with flexible stage and seating configurations. Each theatre is specifically designed for the presentation of a different type of performance and many types of events.

The Performing Arts Center presents a broad range of performances – offering music, dance, theatre, comedy, and cinema. The Performing Arts center is also home to Conservatory of Theatre Arts' Purchase Repertory Theatre. The center's ongoing initiatives include artist partnerships, residency activities, and commissions.

Neuberger Museum of Art

The college also houses the Neuberger Museum of Art, which is among the ten largest museums in New York and the eighth-largest university museum in the nation. The museum opened in 1972. It holds a permanent collection of more than 7,000 works of art and features a full schedule of exhibitions, lectures, films, and multimedia events. The museum presents more than a dozen exhibitions each year in addition to ongoing exhibitions from its permanent collections. The Neuberger Museum of Art has works from 20th-century masters, midcareer and emerging artists, and is well known for its permanent exhibition of African art.

Notable faculty and alumni

Notable faculty members include harpsichordist Bradley Brookshire; jazz bassist Todd Coolman; composer Laura Kaminsky; pianist Steven Lubin; and bassist Tim Cobb. Other faculty members include Iris Cahn, a film editor; dance choreographer Rosalind Newman; writer Melissa Febos; and artists Liz Phillips, Antonio Frasconi, Steve Lambert, Kate Gilmore, and Hakan Topal.

Purchase College alumni are well represented throughout the arts. Actors who attended the college include Rochelle Aytes,  Susie Essman, Edie Falco, Zoë Kravitz, Amanda Seales, Orlagh Cassidy, Melissa Leo, James McDaniel, Francie Swift, Janel Moloney, Parker Posey, Ving Rhames, Jay O. Sanders, Wesley Snipes, Sherry Stringfield, Stanley Tucci, Shea Whigham, and Constance Wu. Other film professionals who attended Purchase College include directors Ilya Chaiken, Abel Ferrara, Hal Hartley, Bob Gosse, Jeffrey Schwarz, Michael Spiller, James Spione, A. Dean Bell, and Chris Wedge. Theatrical designers David Gallo, Brian MacDevitt, and Kenneth Posner also attended the school. Playwright Donald Margulies is a Purchase College alumni. Dancers Kyle Abraham, Terese Capucilli, and Doug Varone attended Purchase.

Other artists who attended Purchase include Katherine Bradford, Allen Cohen, Gregory Crewdson, Luis Croquer, Thomas E. Franklin, Jimmy Joe Roche, Jon Kessler, Ron Rocco, Chris Dorland, Fred Wilson, performers The Dragon Sisters and recording engineer Chris Conway. Musicians who are alumni include Edward W. Hardy, Quentin Angus, Chris Ballew, Imani Coppola, Dan Deacon, Jack Dishel, Dan Romer, the band Kiss Kiss, Jeffrey Lewis, Mase, the band O'Death, Daryl Palumbo, Bess Rogers, Joel Rubin, Langhorne Slim, Regina Spektor, Katherine Teck, Ice Spice, Samara Joy, Stephanie Winters and Jenny Owen Youngs, and Mitski. Record producer Elite is alumni. Writer and artist Laura Vaccaro Seeger is an alumna.

Alumni from the School of Liberal Arts and Sciences include New York Assemblywoman Latrice Walker; curator Luis Croquer; and authors Nora Raleigh Baskin, Garth Greenwell, David Graeber, and Jeanne Darst. Also, scientists Jill Bargonetti and Carl Safina attended the college along with journalists Manohla Dargis and Adam Nagourney as well as film director Danny Leiner.

References

External links

Official website
Official athletics website

Purchase
State University of New York at Purchase
Harrison, New York
Universities and colleges in Westchester County, New York
Art schools in New York (state)
Liberal arts colleges in New York (state)
Public liberal arts colleges in the United States
Educational institutions established in 1967
1967 establishments in New York (state)
Dance in New York (state)
Dance schools in the United States

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Jeffrey Epstein's Death Looks More Like a Murder Every Day
By llvadmin Last updated Aug 16, 2019
The death of Jeffry Epstein has left the entire nation, the world even, with many questions. It's a story that has transformed even the most trusting among us into full-blown conspiracy analysts as the facts simply do not match the official explanation.
First, there's the fact that he was taken off suicide watch despite having attempted suicide while in custody. Then, there's the fact that both prison guards were sleeping during the event. But it gets even weirder.
The sheets that Epstein is meant to have hung himself with were paper-thin. They are designed to make it impossible for a full-size man to hang himself with. Then, there's the fact that the cell he was in had too low a ceiling for a man of Epstein's height to have hung himself. For the official story to make sense, Epstein would have to be no taller than 5ft and weigh less than 80 pounds.
What makes this story so important is that more people than ever are openly expressing doubt about the official narrative. There have been many big stories with an official narrative that is clearly contrary to the available facts. The problem has been that one had to go out of one's way to obtain the real facts. But in this case, the weirdness is right out in the open.
The inevitable result – if justice is not served to the guilty parties, participants in the systematic rape of underage victims – the nation's faith in the justice system will collapse.
Here's Fox News with more.
Jeffrey Epsteinsuicide
Liberal Sarah Silverman is a Bigot Too, Apparently
Reminder: Only the Media is Allowed to Have Conspiracy Theories


Whether you are going on a holiday or vacation abroad or within the country doesn't really matter because what you should be focusing more is finding the best hotel. You may go online to any booking sites or you may visit the hotel's personal website to know what might fit your needs. However, there are just lots of factors to be considered that should not be forgotten.
Number 1. Location – you have to zero in on a certain hotel which depends on purpose of visit which can be either unofficial or official. For example, if you are going for a relaxed holiday, then you definitely want to be in hotels that are more peaceful. Next important thing you have to do is to assess the surroundings. Whenever possible, look for hotels that are near restaurants, laundry facilities, shopping areas, tourist spots and so forth.
Number 2. Amenities – before you choose any hotel, it is your responsibility to know about the service they provide. It is very important that you assert the services that you needed the most and look for hotels that can provide you exactly like that. Hotel amenities normally include transport services, good hospitality services, swimming pool, laundry services, internet connection or Wi-Fi, gym, onsite restaurants and so on.
Number 3. Testimonials, reviews and ratings – you can do research of this one over the internet. You may read their reviews and have an idea regarding the reputation and services of the hotel.
Number 4. Specials, discounts and price – it is better to choose hotels that can give you the best service without you spending a fortune. You must consider the hotel services that you want to have while on your stay. If you are able to get the services you need at one place and willing to make a compromise on it than what other hotels are offering, then go for it. Also, you have to check out accessibility of discounts and special offers.
Number 5. Transportation system and parking – it is wise as well if you will review the kind of shuttle service that the hotel provides to clients. Now, in the event that the shuttle service doesn't meet your expectation or you just simply don't like it, look for other public transportation options that can be used and see if it is within your range. In case that you plan to rent a car to get rid of all the hustle and bustle of commuting to get to and from the hotel, then look out for their parking area.


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Born 10 November 1965, Copenhagen, Denmark
Married with architect Dorthe Due Theilade. Children: Sander Theilade Funch (1997), Ditte Theilade Funch (2001) and Marie Theilade Funch (2001).
Private address: Brinken 2, 8260 Viby J. E-mail: peter.funch@biology.au.dk
Associate Professor, Ecology & Genetics, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade B1540, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, Phone: + 45 8942 2764, fax: + 45 8942 2722
1992: Cand. Scient (M.Sc.), in Zoology, Univ. Copenhagen
1996: Ph.d. in Zoology, Univ. Copenhagen. (Thesis: "Morphology and Life Cycle of Cycliophora")
1996: Research assistant, Zoological Museum, Univ. Copenhagen
1996-97: Scientific Director, Arctic Station, Greenland
1998-2000: Assistant Prof., Univ. Aarhus
2000- Permanent employment as Assoc. Prof. (Lektor)
Administration and council work
2001- Member of the Danish National Node (DanBIF) of the Global Biodiversity Info. Facility (GBIF). 2001- Chairman/Member of Library Committee, Univ. Aarhus. 2000-2004 Member of Education Committee, Univ. Aarhus.
Teaching M.Sc. students: 7. Phd students: 3. Currently 1 student. 2 have attained postdoctoral posts after their degree.
2000- Editorial board, Meiofauna Marina
2005- Editorial board, Helgoland Marine Research
Referee for numerous international journals.
Research Interests: Evolutionary zoomorphology; animal phylogeny; phylogeography; molecular phylogenetics; polar biology; meiofauna; co-evolution of life cycles and morphology.
Grants 2001-
Personal frame grant from Danish Natural Science Research Council for population studies on Cycliophora (grant no. 21-02-0455 and 21-03-0281) (2003-2005). Personal research grant from Knud Højgaards Fond for Galathea 3 project on horseshoe crabs (2006-08). Co-investigator on the " Evolutionary zoomorphology" frame grant from the Danish Natural Science Research Council (Grant no. 51-00-0278) (2001-03); Co-investigator on the "Ecdysozoa" frame grant from the Danish Natural Science Research Council (2004-06) (Grant no. 21-04-0047).
Papers in peer reviewed journals (11 papers prior to 2001)
(12) Funch, P. & M. V. Sørensen (2001). Rotifers in saline waters from Disko Island, West Greenland. Hydrobiologia 446/447: 273-282.
(13) Kristensen R.M., P. Funch (2001) Phylum Cycliophora. In: C.M. Young, M.A. Sewell & M. Rice (eds.) Atlas of Marine Invertebrate Larvae, Chapter 11: pp. 231-240.
(14) Berg, P., S. Rysgaard, P. Funch & MK Sejr (2001) The effects of bioturbation on solutes and solids in marine sediments. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 26: 81-94.
(15) Funch, P. & R.M. Kristensen (2002) Coda: the Micrognathozoa – a new class or phylum of freshwater meiofauna? In: S.D. Rundle, A.L. Robertson and J.M. Schmid-Araya (eds.) Freshwater Meiofauna: Biology and Ecology, Chapter 14: pp. 337-348.
(16) Obst, M. & P. Funch (2003) The dwarf male of Symbion pandora (Cycliophora). Journal of Morphology 255: 261-278.
(17) Sørensen, M. V., P. Funch, M. Hooge & S. Tyler (2003) Musculature of Notholca acuminata (Rotifera: Ploima: Brachionidae) revealed by confocal scanning laser microscopy. Invertebrate Biology 122: 223-230.
(18) Sørensen, M. V., S. Tyler, M. Hooge & P. Funch (2003) Organization of the pharyngeal hard parts and musculature in Gnathostomula armata (Gnathostomulida: Gnathostomulidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 81: 1463-1470.
(19) Giribet, G., M.V. Sørensen, P. Funch, R.M. Kristensen & W. Sterrer (2004) Investigations into the phylogenetic position of Micrognathozoa using four molecular loci. Cladistics 20: 1-13.
(20) Riisgård, H.U., K.K. Nielsen, J. Fuchs, B.F. Rasmussen, M. Obst & P. Funch (2004) Ciliary feeding structures and particle capture mechanism in the freshwater bryozoan Plumatella repens (Phylactolaemata). Invertebrate Biology 123: 156-167.
(21) Sørensen, M.V., H. Segers & P. Funch (2005) On a new Seison Grube, 1861 from coastal waters of Kenya, with a reappraisal of the classification of the Seisonidea (Rotifera). Zoological Studies 44: 34-43.
(22) Funch, P., M. V. Sørensen & M. Obst (2005) On the phylogenetic position of Rotifera – have we come any further? Hydrobiologia 546: 11-28.
(23) Obst, M., P. Funch & G. Giribet (2005) Hidden diversity and host specificity in cycliophorans; a phylogeographic analysis along the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Molecular Ecology 14: 4427-4440.
(24) Obst, M. & P. Funch (2005) The microhabitat of Symbion pandora (Cycliophora) on the mouthparts of its host Nephrops norvegicus (Decapoda: Nephropidae). Marine Biology 148: 945-951.
(25) Obst, M., P. Funch & R.M. Kristensen (2006) A new species of Cycliophora from the mouthparts of the American lobster Homarus americanus (Nephropidae, Decapoda). Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 6: 83-97.
(26) Fuchs, J., M. Bright, P. Funch & A. Wanninger (2006) Immunocytochemistry of the Neuro-Muscular Systems of Loxosomella vivipara and L. parguerensis (Entoprocta: Loxosomatidae). Journal of Morphology 267: 866-883.
(2) Funch, P. (2003) Phylum Cycliophora – Bizarre Organisms on Lobster's Mouth. Cladistics, 19: 152.
Popular science promotion
(1) Funch, P. (2005) Sære, små livsformer bringer bud fra en fjern fortid. Lectures, Folkeunivesitetet i Århus.
Born May 22, 1967 in Aarhus (Denmark). Married with one child.
1991 Masters of Science in Biology (Aarhus University).
1993 Ph.D. in Biological Sciences (Aarhus University).
Post doctoral Experience
1993 University of Nevada, Las Vegas (USA).
1994-95 University of California, Irvine (USA).
1995-96 University of British Columbia, Vancouver (Canada).
1997 Assistant Research Professor at University of Odense (Denmark).
1998-00 Lecturer at The University of Birmingham (England).
2000-04 Associate Professor, University of Aarhus (Denmark).
2005 Full Professor, University of Aarhus (Denmark).
Presidents medal from The Society of Experimental Biology (1999).
Rømer stipend from the Danish Research Council (2000).
Honorary Professor at School of Biological Sciences, The University of Birmingham (2004).
Ad hoc reviewer for more than 25 international journals as well as The Norwegian Research Council, National Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration, The Swedish Research Council and National Science Foundation (more than 50 assignments per year).
Editorial board of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (2001 - )
Editorial board of Advances of Experimental Biology (2004 - )
Editorial board of The Journal of Experimental Biology (2006 -).
Series adv. board for Ecological and Environmental Physiology Series, Oxford Univ. Press.
Convenor of Respiration Group in The Society for Experimental Biology (2003 - 2006).
Has organised or co-organised more than 20 symposia at international conferences and one international conference.
External examiner on PhD theses from Australia, Brazil, Finland, England and Norway.
External member of PhD thesis committee in USA and Canada. External examiner for MSc and BSc courses at Odense and Roskilde Universities.
Various Departmental Seminars and lectures in Brazil, USA,Canada, Denmark, Sweden, England, Ireland, Germany, Italy and Hong Kong.
Membership of Societies
Society of Experimental Biology, American Physiological Society, The Scandinavian Society of Physiology and The Physiological Society.
Masters Students (2001-)
Poul Gurholt Pedersen (2003); Morten Zaar (2003); Sine Arvedsen (2004); Marianne Skals (2006); Mette Hagensen (2006); Rasmus Pedersen (2006 ); Torbjørn Søndergaard (2006); Bjarke Jensen (2005- ); Karina Kristensen (2006-); Mette Olesen (2006 -); Melissa Vetter (2006 - ); Henrik Lund (2006 - ); Kristine Østergaard (2006- ).
PhD Students (2001-)
Gamal Badawy (2002); Johannes Overgaard (2003); Johnnie B. Andersen (2003); Gina Galli (2006); Nini Jensen (2004 -).
Annual guest lectures at University of Birmingham and University of Oslo.
Introduction to Biology (2 lectures).
Human Physiology for molecular biologists (36 lectures). Course leader.
Human Physiology for kinesiologists (21 lectures, 40h theoretical exercises). Course leader.
Comparative Physiology (5 lectures, 24h theoretical exercises and 60h practical exercises).
Scientific writing (Cantho University, Vietnam). Several week courses. Course leader.
Various PhD courses at Aarhus University and elsewhere.
Recent Research and Teaching Grants
Rømer stipend from the Danish Research Council (2000-2004). 4.200.000 Dkr for studies on metabolism in reptiles.
Elisabeth og Knud Petersens Fond (2001). 72.000 Dkr for Development of non-invasive techniques for measurements of heart rate and activity in fish.
American Physiological Society Latin American Initiative Programme (2002). US$ 5.000 for the PhD course "Biology of the Heart" at UNESP, Rio Claro, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
NOVO Nordisk Fondet (2003). 90.000 Dkr for studies on cardiac adaptations to increased metabolic rate in reptiles.
Velux Fonden (2003). 180.000 Dkr for three PhD courses in comparative animal physiology and toxicology.
Danish Research Council (2005-2007). 750.000 Dkr for studies on "The vertebrate cardiovascular system under stress: Structure, function and evolution".
Popular outreach of science
Various popular science lectures at The Nordic Society of Herpetology (Copenhagen), Linneaus (Odense), Birmingham Natural History Society, Forskningens døgn (2005), Bestil et foredrag (2005, 2006) and Ungdommens Naturforening (Aarhus and Aalborg). Participation in Galathea III.
Born Aug 18 1974, Erfurt, Germany; German citizen; single
Postdoctoral fellow, Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Kristineberg 566, 450 34 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden, Tel: +46 (0) 523 18553, Fax: +46 (0) 523 18502, Email: matthias.obst@kmf.gu.se
Marine and benthic ecology, invertebrate phylogeny and systematics, complex life cycles; zoomorphology; phylogeography; meiofauna
2004: Ph.D at University of Aarhus, Denmark; 2000: M.Sc. Biology (Diplom) at University of Jena, Germany; 1993: Graduated from high school in Erfurt, Germany
2005-2008 Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Sweden: Systematics and taxonomy of bryozoans
2003-2004 Harvard University, USA: Population genetic study on Cycliophora
2001-2004 University of Aarhus, Denmark: Ph.D. thesis "Diversity and Evolution of Cycliophora"
2000-2001 University of Aarhus, Denmark: Studies on life history and morphology of Symbion pandora (Cycliophora)
1999-2000 University of Jena, Germany: M. Sc. thesis "A study on the life cycle and ecology of Symbion pandora (Cycliophora)"
1997-1998 University of Manchester, UK: Genetic studies
Expeditions and field trips
2007: Galathea3 expedition - study on Asian horseshoe crabs
2007, 2006: Pandalina expedition - inventory of the marine fauna in Skagerrak. 2004, 2003: East coast of USA
2003, 2002, 2001: Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Sweden.
1998, 1996, 1994: Roscoff Marine Biological Station, France.
1995: Marine Biological Station Boinsdorf, Germany.
1992: Greenland
2006 Knud Højgaards Fond: Studying horseshoe crabs.
2006 Dansk Ekspeditionsfond: Participation in the Galathea3 expedition.
2006 Swedish Taxonomy Initiative: Collection of bryozoans.
2005 Royal Swedish Academy: Postdoc fellowship.
2003 Danish Research Agency: Population genetic study on Cycliophora.
2003-2001 Access to Research Infrastructure: Experiments & collection.
2003 Danish Natural History Society: Travel grant.
2001 University of Aarhus, Denmark: PhD scholarship.
2000 German Academic Exchange Service: Visiting University of Aarhus.
1997 ERASMUS scholarship: Visiting Univ. of Manchester.
German (native), English, Danish, Swedish
Light- and fluorescence microscopy
Transmission- and scanning electron microscopy
PCR-based sequencing techniques
· Obst M and Funch P. (2006) The microhabitat of Symbion pandora (Cycliophora) on the mouthparts of its host Nephrops norvegicus (Decapoda: Nephropidae). Marine Biology 148 (5): 945-951
· Obst M, Funch P, Kristensen RM (2006) A new species of Cycliophora from the mouthparts of the American lobster Homarus americanus (Nephropidae, Decapoda). Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 6: 83-97
· Obst M, Funch P, Giribet G (2005) Hidden diversity and host specificity in cycliophorans; a phylogeographic analysis along the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Molecular Ecology, 14 (14) 4427-4440
· Funch P, Sørensen MV, Obst M. (2005) On the phylogenetic position of Rotifera - have we come any further? Hydrobiologia 546: 11-28
· Riisgaard HU, Kollerup Nielsen K, Fuchs J, Fønss Rasmussen B, Obst M, Funch P. (2004) Ciliary feeding structures and particle capture mechanism in the freshwater bryozoan Plumatella repens (Phylactolaemata). Invertebrate Biology 123:156-167
· Obst M (2003) Cycliophoran relationships revisited. Abstracts of the 21st annual meeting of the Willi Hennig Society. Cladistics 19: 159-160
· Obst M and Funch P. (2003) The male of Symbion pandora (Cycliophora). Journal of Morphology 255: 261-278
· Obst M (2004) Rinbærernes diversitet og evolution. Danske Naturhistorisk Forening Årskrift nr. 14 - 2003/2004: 60-63
Full Name: Thomas Nielsen, Born 25 April 1968, Denmark, Danish Citizen, Single
Center Manager and Administrator. The Centre for Tropical Ecosystems Research, University of Aarhus, Denmark, Department of Biological Sciences, Ny Munkegade, B 1.540, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, E-mail thomas.Nielsen@biology.au.dk Phone: +45 2122 5468 Fax: +45 8942 3350
Ecophysiology and Lifecycles of marine species (especially mudskippers and horseshoe crabs)
1995. Cand. Scient., Biology. Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
Danish (Mother Tongue), English (Excellent), French (Basic), German (Basic)
Since 1997 to present - Information and Resources Officer & Project Manager at Centre for Tropical Ecosystems Research (cenTER Aarhus)
Day to day management and administration of cenTER's overseas development projects (see project list at the end).
Responsible for writing, editing and design of large publications (Reports to Grant Authorities, Conference Proceedings etc.), Planning and organising of International Conferences at Aarhus University and
Consultant for the Danish International Development Assistance (Danida), The World Bank, Danish Red Cross. Consultancies have been: (1) to design resource management projects & design capacity-development projects, (2) to evaluate large-scale forestry projects, (3) to set-up and working procedures for project implementation (e.g. reporting systems, financial management systems) and (4) to manage and implement a global effort to develop a code of conduct for sustainable mangrove utilization and management
Curse Organiser and Teacher (Project Management) on "Tropical Ecosystems; Management and Development" at University of Aarhus, Denmark.
Schiøler, E. (2004), A University for the World – Research for Development (Eds: Nielsen, I, Østergaard, C. S. and Nielsen, T.). Published by Aarhus University
Schiøler, E. (2004), Aarhus Universitet – Åbent mod verden – forskning for udvikling (Eds: Nielsen, I, Østergaard, C. S. and Nielsen, T.). Published by Aarhus University
Macintosh, D. J. and Ashton, E. C. (2004), Principles for a Code of Conduct for the Management and Sustainable use of Mangrove Ecosystems. Funded by the World Bank (http://biology.au.dk/cenTER/MCB_2004.htm)
I have edited a number of Conference Proceedings on Sustainable Mangrove Management and Biodiversity Conservation.
Nielsen, T and Macintosh D. J. (2005). PROJECT - Mainstreaming Conservation of Coastal Biodiversity through Formulation of a Code of Conduct for Sustainable Management of Mangrove Ecosystems, at the National Workshop "The role of mangrove and coral reef ecosystems in mitigating oceanic impacts on the environment" Hanoi, October 2005
Nielsen, T and Macintosh D. J. (2006). PROJECT - Mainstreaming Conservation of Coastal Biodiversity through Formulation of a Code of Conduct for Sustainable Management of Mangrove Ecosystems at the On-site Training/National Workshop on Capacity Building for the Establishment of Fisheries Refugia and Coastal Resources Management, Phu Quoc, Vietnam, June 2006.
Projects (finished and on-going)
Danish-SE Asian Collaboration in Tropical Coastal Ecosystems Research and Training (Denmark, Thailand and Malaysia) TCE-Project. Funded by DANCED, October 1996 - October 1999 (Extension Phase until 30 June 2000).
University Aarhus University - Can Tho University Link in Environmental Sciences (Development, Education and Research). Funded by Danida, Phase 1 July 1999 – April 2000. Phase 2 (Januar2001 – December 2005) approved by Danida, October 2000. Extension until December 2009 approved January 2006.
Development of Environmental Indicators, Lower Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Funded by the World Bank (via Danida trust funds), May 1998 - January 1999 (cenTER managed, Project Manager, Donald J. Macintosh).
Living Aquatic Resources - management and knowledge base. 2000 - 2003. Funded by the Danida Research Council. Involved Institutions: Institute for Fisheries Management and Coastal Community Development (IFM), Danish Institute for Fisheries Research (DIFRES) & Centre for Tropical Ecosystems Research, University of Aarhus (cenTER).
Integrated Tropical Coastal Zone Management at Asian Institute of Technology. 1 January 2000- 31 December 2004. Funded by Danida. By a Danish Consortium consisting of: Aarhus University (cenTER) in association with DHI Water & Environment, National Environmental Research Institute of Denmark (NERI) and Institute for Fisheries Management and Coastal Community Development (IFM).
Review of Mangrove Conservation and Biodiversity (MCB). The objective is to develop a report that can act as a resource document that would complement subsequent case studies towards the development of a generic Code of Conduct for Mangrove Conservation and Biodiversity protection.
Support to Marine Protected Areas Network, Vietnam (MPA). Funded by Danida. Implemented by NIRAS. 2003 - 2006.
Danida/UNEP Emergency Rehabilitation of Coastal Mangrove Forests Damaged by Typhoon Linda, Ca Mau and Bac Lieu Provinces, Vietnam. Implemented by UNDP (Danida funded), 1998-99.
Save the Children Fund Mangrove Planting Project, Thach Ha District (Ha Tinh Province) Vietnam. Funded by Save the Children Fund (UK) and cenTER Aarhus


BRITISH Greenpeace activist Frank Hewetson, left, was today bailed from a Russian jail for his part in an Arctic oildrilling protest. The father of two, 45, was bailed with fellow Briton Iain Rodgers — three others were granted bail yesterday. They were among 30 protesters held by Russian security forces two months ago. Charges of piracy have been downgraded to hooliganism.
ST. PETERSBURG. Nov 22 (Interfax) - A St. Petersburg court has ruled to release Arctic Sunrise activist Frank Hewetson of the United Kingdom on bail, Greenpeace said on Twitter on Thursday.
MOSCOW. Nov 22 (Interfax) - Arctic Sunrise activists Jonathan Beauchamp of New Zealand, Iain Rogers and Frank Hewetson, both of the United Kingdom, have been released from custody on Friday, Greenpeace said in Twitter.
A BRITISH Greenpeace activist being held in Russia on hooliganism charges has spoken of her relief after being released on bail.
A LONDON journalist who was held in a Russian prison cell for 60 days after being detained with Greenpeace activists was today released on bail.
GLAD to see the Greenpeace activists have been released on bail after two months in Russian hellholes.
A GROUP of 21 Greenpeace activists broke into a nuclear power station in France today.
ST. PETERSBURG. Nov 21 (Interfax) - The Primorsky District Court in St. Petersburg has ruled to release Greenpeace activist Gizem Akhan of Turkey on bail, Greenpeace said on Twitter on Thursday.


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Cyprus activists: Hunters' lead pellets threaten flamingos
By MARCOS ANDRONICOU and MENELAOS HADJICOSTIS , Associated Press, Associated Press
Flamingos at a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationis... Flamingos at a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
A couple stand at the edge of the salt lake and watch the flamingos, in the background, in southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterran... A couple stand at the edge of the salt lake and watch the flamingos, in the background, in southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
Flamingos fly over a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conserva... Flamingos fly over a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
Flamingos prepare to fly on a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021.... Flamingos prepare to fly on a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
Two children stand and watch the flamingos at a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sund... Two children stand and watch the flamingos at a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
Flamingos walk at a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservat... Flamingos walk at a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
A flamingo stands at a salt lake with the Hala Sultan Tekke Mosque in the background, which was built between 1760 and 1796, in the southern coastal c... A flamingo stands at a salt lake with the Hala Sultan Tekke Mosque in the background, which was built between 1760 and 1796, in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
A flamingo stands in a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conser... A flamingo stands in a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Sunday, Jan. 31, 2021. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
Flamingos search for food at a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Thursday, Dec. 28, 20... Flamingos search for food at a salt lake in the southern coastal city of Larnaca, in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Thursday, Dec. 28, 2020. Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets. (AP Photo/Petros Karadjias)
Larnaca, CYPRUS (AP) — Conservationists in Cyprus are urging authorities to expand a hunting ban throughout a coastal salt lake network amid concerns that migrating flamingos could potentially swallow lethal quantities of lead shotgun pellets.
Martin Hellicar, director of Birdlife Cyprus, said flamingos are at risk of ingesting the tiny pellets lying on the lakebed as they feed. Like other birds, flamingos swallow small pebbles to aid digestion but can't distinguish between pebbles and the lead pellets.
"Last year, we had tens of losses of flamingos," Hellicar said.
Cyprus is a key stop on the migration path for many types of birds flying from Africa to Europe. The Larnaca Salt Lake, a wetlands network of four lakes, typically welcomes as many as 15,000 flamingos from colder climates to the southern coast of the island nation in the eastern Mediterranean. They stay through the winter and leave in March. Other water fowl frequenting the lake include ducks, waders and seagulls.
Hunting is banned around most of the salt lake, but hunters are still allowed to shoot ducks in the network's southern tip.
The government's Game and Fauna Service says in the first two months of last year, 96 flamingos were found dead in the Larnaca Salt Lake wetlands as a result of lead poisoning. Cyprus Veterinary Services official Panayiotis Constantinou, who has conducted autopsies on flamingos, said lead from the pellets poisoned the birds.
The high number of deaths is mainly attributed to heavy winter rain two years ago that stirred up the lake sediment and dislodged embedded lead shot.
A sport shooting range near the lake's northern tip closed nearly 18 years ago and authorities organized a clean-up of lead pellets in the lakebed there.
But Hellicar says the clean-up was apparently incomplete. A European Union-funded study is underway to identify where significant amounts of lead pellets remain so they can be removed. Preliminary results of the study showed "very high" lead levels in the wetland's southern tip and continued duck hunting there could compound the problem, Hellicar said.
"The problem is pronounced," he said. "The danger is real for the flamingos and other birds that use the area."
Cyprus Hunting Federation official Alexandros Loizides disagrees, saying that hunting in a 200-meter northern swath is not a problem due to the limited number of hunters. He said he's unaware of any flamingo deaths in the area and faults pesticide and fertilizer runoff from nearby farms for creating any pollution problems hurting wildlife.
"I think the effect of hunting there is very small on the specific part of the lake," said Loizides. "It'd be a shame for hunters to lose the only area where hunting is permitted near wetlands."
A ban on the use of lead pellets near wetlands has been in force in Cyprus for several years. A similar, EU-wide ban took effect last month but conservationists believe the laws are not being enforced enough.
Pantelis Hadjiyeros, head of the Game and Fauna Service, said it's less important to ban hunting in the area than to convince hunters to stop using shells with lead pellets.
"It should be drummed into people that the use of lead pellets is prohibited near wetlands and that only steel pellets are permitted," Hadjiyeros told The Associated Press.