text:
Fish oil and calorie restriction modulates T-cell subset cytokine production in old NZBxNZW F1 female mice
C. A. Jolly, G. Fernandes
We have previously shown that dietary fish oil (FO), relative to corn oil (CO), and/or calorie restriction (CR) increases the lifespan of NZBxNZW by delaying the onset of autoimmune renal disease. To better understand the mechanism of action we determined the effects of dietary FO (10% v/w) and/or CR (40%) with respect to age on peripheral blood T-lymphocyte cytokine production. Blood cells were activated with PMA and ionomycin for four hours in the presence of brefeldin A, stained for the CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocyte subsets and intracellular cytokine accumulation of interleukins-2 (IL-2), -5 (IL-5), -10 (IL-10), and IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) and analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results show that the relative percent of CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes decrease by 50% in old (9 mo) versus young (4 mo) mice. In general, aging caused a rise in the percent of CD4 T-lymphocytes producing IL-2 (4-fold), IFN-γ (6-fold), and IL-5 (3-fold) but did not effect IL-10 production. Similar, but less dramatic results were obtained in CD8 T-lymphocytes. While dietary FO or CR partially normalized CD4 cells in aged mice, the combination of FO/CR completely normalized CD4 cells. In CD8 T-lymphocytes, CR alone normalized the age-dependent decrease. CR completely blunted the rise in the percent of IL-2 and IFN-γ producing CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes while FO had only a partial effect. Surprisingly, FO abolished IL-5 and IL-10 production in young and old CD8 T-lymphocytes. In contrast, FO and CR were equally effective in suppressing IL-5 production in aged CD4 T-lymphocytes. We show, for the first time, that dietary FO and CR dramatically down-regulate key immunoregulatory cytokines involved in autoimmune disease.
Dive into the research topics of 'Fish oil and calorie restriction modulates T-cell subset cytokine production in old NZBxNZW F1 female mice'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Brefeldin A Chemical Compounds 100%
Ionomycin Chemical Compounds 96%
Corn Oil Chemical Compounds 85%
Fish Oils Medicine & Life Sciences 75%
T-Lymphocyte Subsets Medicine & Life Sciences 65%
Cytometry Chemical Compounds 64%
Unsaturated Dietary Fats Medicine & Life Sciences 46%
Jolly, C. A., & Fernandes, G. (1998). Fish oil and calorie restriction modulates T-cell subset cytokine production in old NZBxNZW F1 female mice. FASEB Journal, 12(5), A819.
Fish oil and calorie restriction modulates T-cell subset cytokine production in old NZBxNZW F1 female mice. / Jolly, C. A.; Fernandes, G.
In: FASEB Journal, Vol. 12, No. 5, 20.03.1998, p. A819.
Jolly, CA & Fernandes, G 1998, 'Fish oil and calorie restriction modulates T-cell subset cytokine production in old NZBxNZW F1 female mice', FASEB Journal, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. A819.
Jolly CA, Fernandes G. Fish oil and calorie restriction modulates T-cell subset cytokine production in old NZBxNZW F1 female mice. FASEB Journal. 1998 Mar 20;12(5):A819.
Jolly, C. A. ; Fernandes, G. / Fish oil and calorie restriction modulates T-cell subset cytokine production in old NZBxNZW F1 female mice. In: FASEB Journal. 1998 ; Vol. 12, No. 5. pp. A819.
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title = "Fish oil and calorie restriction modulates T-cell subset cytokine production in old NZBxNZW F1 female mice",
abstract = "We have previously shown that dietary fish oil (FO), relative to corn oil (CO), and/or calorie restriction (CR) increases the lifespan of NZBxNZW by delaying the onset of autoimmune renal disease. To better understand the mechanism of action we determined the effects of dietary FO (10% v/w) and/or CR (40%) with respect to age on peripheral blood T-lymphocyte cytokine production. Blood cells were activated with PMA and ionomycin for four hours in the presence of brefeldin A, stained for the CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocyte subsets and intracellular cytokine accumulation of interleukins-2 (IL-2), -5 (IL-5), -10 (IL-10), and IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) and analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results show that the relative percent of CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes decrease by 50% in old (9 mo) versus young (4 mo) mice. In general, aging caused a rise in the percent of CD4 T-lymphocytes producing IL-2 (4-fold), IFN-γ (6-fold), and IL-5 (3-fold) but did not effect IL-10 production. Similar, but less dramatic results were obtained in CD8 T-lymphocytes. While dietary FO or CR partially normalized CD4 cells in aged mice, the combination of FO/CR completely normalized CD4 cells. In CD8 T-lymphocytes, CR alone normalized the age-dependent decrease. CR completely blunted the rise in the percent of IL-2 and IFN-γ producing CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes while FO had only a partial effect. Surprisingly, FO abolished IL-5 and IL-10 production in young and old CD8 T-lymphocytes. In contrast, FO and CR were equally effective in suppressing IL-5 production in aged CD4 T-lymphocytes. We show, for the first time, that dietary FO and CR dramatically down-regulate key immunoregulatory cytokines involved in autoimmune disease.",
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N2 - We have previously shown that dietary fish oil (FO), relative to corn oil (CO), and/or calorie restriction (CR) increases the lifespan of NZBxNZW by delaying the onset of autoimmune renal disease. To better understand the mechanism of action we determined the effects of dietary FO (10% v/w) and/or CR (40%) with respect to age on peripheral blood T-lymphocyte cytokine production. Blood cells were activated with PMA and ionomycin for four hours in the presence of brefeldin A, stained for the CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocyte subsets and intracellular cytokine accumulation of interleukins-2 (IL-2), -5 (IL-5), -10 (IL-10), and IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) and analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results show that the relative percent of CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes decrease by 50% in old (9 mo) versus young (4 mo) mice. In general, aging caused a rise in the percent of CD4 T-lymphocytes producing IL-2 (4-fold), IFN-γ (6-fold), and IL-5 (3-fold) but did not effect IL-10 production. Similar, but less dramatic results were obtained in CD8 T-lymphocytes. While dietary FO or CR partially normalized CD4 cells in aged mice, the combination of FO/CR completely normalized CD4 cells. In CD8 T-lymphocytes, CR alone normalized the age-dependent decrease. CR completely blunted the rise in the percent of IL-2 and IFN-γ producing CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes while FO had only a partial effect. Surprisingly, FO abolished IL-5 and IL-10 production in young and old CD8 T-lymphocytes. In contrast, FO and CR were equally effective in suppressing IL-5 production in aged CD4 T-lymphocytes. We show, for the first time, that dietary FO and CR dramatically down-regulate key immunoregulatory cytokines involved in autoimmune disease.
AB - We have previously shown that dietary fish oil (FO), relative to corn oil (CO), and/or calorie restriction (CR) increases the lifespan of NZBxNZW by delaying the onset of autoimmune renal disease. To better understand the mechanism of action we determined the effects of dietary FO (10% v/w) and/or CR (40%) with respect to age on peripheral blood T-lymphocyte cytokine production. Blood cells were activated with PMA and ionomycin for four hours in the presence of brefeldin A, stained for the CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocyte subsets and intracellular cytokine accumulation of interleukins-2 (IL-2), -5 (IL-5), -10 (IL-10), and IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) and analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results show that the relative percent of CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes decrease by 50% in old (9 mo) versus young (4 mo) mice. In general, aging caused a rise in the percent of CD4 T-lymphocytes producing IL-2 (4-fold), IFN-γ (6-fold), and IL-5 (3-fold) but did not effect IL-10 production. Similar, but less dramatic results were obtained in CD8 T-lymphocytes. While dietary FO or CR partially normalized CD4 cells in aged mice, the combination of FO/CR completely normalized CD4 cells. In CD8 T-lymphocytes, CR alone normalized the age-dependent decrease. CR completely blunted the rise in the percent of IL-2 and IFN-γ producing CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes while FO had only a partial effect. Surprisingly, FO abolished IL-5 and IL-10 production in young and old CD8 T-lymphocytes. In contrast, FO and CR were equally effective in suppressing IL-5 production in aged CD4 T-lymphocytes. We show, for the first time, that dietary FO and CR dramatically down-regulate key immunoregulatory cytokines involved in autoimmune disease.
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Adobe Reveals AI-Enabled One-Click Audio Enhancement
At the Adobe MAX conference in Los Angeles this week, the company gave a sneak peek of its Project Awesome Audio, which will clean up problematic audio recordings in Adobe Audition with the click of a button. The project is the brainchild of Adobe research scientist Zeyu Jin who, back in 2016, demonstrated a tool that allows the user to easily insert speech into an existing clip. For Project Awesome Audio, Jin, with Princeton University computer science PhD student Jiaqi Su, leveraged Adobe's Sensei AI for "end-to-end audio enhancement." Adobe also showcased a mobile Photoshop app, a new AR authoring app, and more. Continue reading Adobe Reveals AI-Enabled One-Click Audio Enhancement
Disney, Microsoft Team Up to Shift Moviemaking to the Cloud
Walt Disney Studios and Microsoft inked a five-year deal to start transitioning filmmaking to Microsoft's Azure cloud platform, with the goal of complete "scene to screen." The effort is led by Disney's StudioLAB. Walt Disney Studios chief technology officer Jamie Voris said the first step will be to move Avid editing tools into the cloud, to facilitate collaboration across locations. Microsoft U.S. president Kate Johnson noted that "we are at the tipping point for cloud in media and entertainment." Continue reading Disney, Microsoft Team Up to Shift Moviemaking to the Cloud
Verizon Media Tackles Production Tech With Global Studios
Verizon Media (formerly Oath) now has production studios located in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Hong Kong, London, New York, Paris, Singapore, Sunnyvale and Taiwan. In addition, it built a 5G Los Angeles studio with plans to help pioneer new formats and production tech enabled by advanced 5G wireless connectivity. The worldwide facilities are being used by Verizon Media brands such as AOL, HuffPost, TechCrunch and Yahoo. The L.A. space — led by Verizon Media's immersive media arm RYOT — is outfitted with full motion capture and volumetric capture stages. Continue reading Verizon Media Tackles Production Tech With Global Studios
Experts Address 5G and the Cloud for Post, Visual Effects
At NAB in Las Vegas, BeBop Technology director of technical sales Nathaniel Bonini described how his company provides virtual versions of the post-production tools artists are used to working with, but in the cloud. That includes tools from Autodesk and, in a new partnership, Avid among others. Cloud-based virtual post and VFX tools give post houses and VFX facilities tremendous efficiencies, including the ability to scale up and down. StratusCore is another company that creates an entire virtualized workstation in the cloud. Continue reading Experts Address 5G and the Cloud for Post, Visual Effects
HPA Tech Retreat: Ways That M&E Is Embracing the Cloud
Western Digital global head of M&E/telco strategy Erik Weaver led a discussion among three other experts about where the media and entertainment industry is today with its slow-burn adoption of the cloud in production and post. Avid chief technology officer Tim Claman; Google Cloud global lead, entertainment industry solutions, Buzz Hays; and Microsoft global technology strategist Marco Rota described their perspectives and activities related to the various ways that media and entertainment companies have embraced the cloud. Continue reading HPA Tech Retreat: Ways That M&E Is Embracing the Cloud
Photoshop and After Effects Honored With Sci-Tech Awards
On February 9, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences presented Scientific and Engineering Awards to the teams behind Adobe's After Effects and Photoshop. David Simons, Daniel Wilk, James Acquavella, Michael Natkin and David M. Cotter accepted the award for After Effects for motion graphics. Thomas Knoll and John Knoll accepted the award for the original architecture, design and development of Photoshop, and Mark Hamburg for its continued development and engineering. Both tools are a mainstay in the film and television industry. Continue reading Photoshop and After Effects Honored With Sci-Tech Awards
Netflix's New Logo Program Will Certify Post Production Tools
Netflix launched its Post Technology Alliance logo program last week, with plans to certify post-production products and systems from manufacturers and vendors that meet the streaming service's technical and content delivery specs. "The Post Technology Alliance will build a more seamless experience from production through post-production," said Chris Fetner, Netflix director of post partnerships and integrations, noting that certified vendors are "committed to better interoperability and faster innovation cycles." Adobe, Avid, Blackmagic Design, Canon, Panasonic, RED Digital Cinema and Sony are among those with products already certified. Continue reading Netflix's New Logo Program Will Certify Post Production Tools
Blackmagic Design Debuts DaVinci Resolve 15 with VFX Tools
Blackmagic Design's release of DaVinci Resolve 15 adds Fusion, a visual effects tool often used in Hollywood films, to its professional-level color correction and audio editor. The full studio release of Resolve 15 is $300, but another, stripped down version that still includes the most important features is free. This compares to Adobe Creative Cloud, which costs more than $50 per month. DaVinci Resolve 15 is platform agnostic, running on macOS, Windows 10 and Linux, and offers four modules in one app. Continue reading Blackmagic Design Debuts DaVinci Resolve 15 with VFX Tools
Insta360 Introduces its Pro VR Camera With 8K-per-Eye Video
Insta360 debuted the Insta360 Pro 2, a professional VR camera whose six lenses capture every angle of a scene and produce 8K-per-eye 3D 360-degree video. The company, which first introduced a VR camera in 2017, explains that the Insta360 Pro 2 features FlowState stabilization, long-range live monitoring, the ability to deliver 8K VR regardless of the playback device, and simpler post production via a partnership with Adobe. Shooting modes include 8K 3D at 30 fps, 8K monoscopic at 60 fps, 6K 3D at 60 fps, and 4K 3D at 120 fps. Continue reading Insta360 Introduces its Pro VR Camera With 8K-per-Eye Video
Nvidia Ray-Tracing Technology a Quantum Leap in Rendering
At SIGGRAPH 2018, Nvidia debuted its new Turing architecture featuring ray tracing, a kind of rendering, for professional and consumer graphics cards. Considered the Holy Grail by many industry pros, ray tracing works by modeling light in real time as it intersects with objects. Ray tracing is ideal for creating photorealistic lighting and VFX. Up until now, ray tracing has not been possible to do because it requires an immense amount of expensive computing power, but Nvidia's professional Turing card costs $10,000. Continue reading Nvidia Ray-Tracing Technology a Quantum Leap in Rendering
MPAA Debuts First Update of Content Security Best Practices
The Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) completed its first update of Content Security Best Practices since the Trusted Partner Network (TPN) debuted in April in a joint venture with the Content Delivery and Security Association (CDSA). The TPN is intended to standardize and improve the quality of assessors and reduce the waste of duplicative audits. Current and future vendor assessments will be based on the MPAA Best Practices, built into the TPN platform to create its Common Controls. Continue reading MPAA Debuts First Update of Content Security Best Practices
Nvidia Quadro RTx Chips Offer AI and Real-Time Ray Tracing
Nvidia unveiled new Turing architecture during a keynote at SIGGRAPH 2018 as well as three new Quadro RTx workstation graphics cards aimed at professionals. Nvidia dubs the Turing architecture as its "greatest leap since the invention of the CUDA GPU in 2006." The RTx chips are the first to use the company's ray tracing rendering method, which results in more realistic imagery. Also at SIGGRAPH, Porsche showed off car designs accomplished with Epic Games' Unreal engine and Nvidia's RTx chips. Continue reading Nvidia Quadro RTx Chips Offer AI and Real-Time Ray Tracing
Adobe Updates Creative Cloud with Photoshop App for iPad
Adobe Systems, now focused on a strategy to make its popular software compatible across multiple devices, plans to introduce a full version of its popular Photoshop app for Apple's iPad, said sources. The app, which will likely be introduced at the company's October creative conference, is also intended to drive new subscriptions. The new Adobe app for iPad will be released widely in 2019, although engineering could still change the dates. Adobe switched its business model to a software subscription model in 2012. Continue reading Adobe Updates Creative Cloud with Photoshop App for iPad
Google, Nvidia Train Neural Networks to Post-Process Video
Google researchers have created a machine learning system that adds color to black & white videos, and can also choose which specific objects, people and pets receive the color treatment. The technology is based on what's called a convolutional neural network, which is architecturally suited for object tracking and video stabilization. Meanwhile, Nvidia has debuted an algorithm that slows down video, without the jitters, after it's been captured, by using a neural network to create "in between" frames required for smooth motion. Continue reading Google, Nvidia Train Neural Networks to Post-Process Video
Panavision: Lenses for Drones, New Filter Tech, 8K Workflow
Panavision made its Cine Gear Expo debut of the Millennium DXL2 8K camera, 8K workflow improvements, a customized optics system for specific use with drones and gimbals, four new large-format lenses and a technology demonstration of a major advance in filter technology. The new products, said Panavision chief executive Kim Snyder, are intended to evolve the ecosystem surrounding the Millennium DXL2. "We're building a bridge between products and processes," said senior vice president of innovation Michael Cioni. Continue reading Panavision: Lenses for Drones, New Filter Tech, 8K Workflow
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Jewish groups condemn conspiracy theorist Marjorie Greene after runoff victory
Controversial congressional candidate Marjorie Taylor Greene appears to be headed for Washington following her victory on Tuesday in the Republican runoff in Georgia's 14th congressional district. Her win raises concerns among Jewish organizations who have sounded the alarm over her candidacy for months. The district's overwhelmingly Republican make-up all but ensures that Greene will win the general election in November.
Greene has been a vocal promoter of the QAnon conspiracy theory — which alleges that President Donald Trump is working to take down a network of Democratic politicians and celebrities who practice satanism, pedophilia and cannibalism — and has posted Facebook videos expressing antisemitic, racist and Islamophobic views.
Even after launching her campaign, Greene continued to unapologetically propagate antisemitic conspiracy theories, including falsely accusing Democratic megadonor and Holocaust survivor George Soros of "turning people over to Nazis where they were burned in offices" in a recent television interview. She also dismissed questions about a photo she took with a former Ku Klux Klan leader who described her as a "friend."
"Ms. Greene has a history of propagating antisemitic disinformation," Allison Padilla-Goodman, Southern division vice president of the Anti-Defamation League, said in a statement to Jewish Insider. "ADL previously called on Ms. Greene to disavow her relationship with a prominent white supremacist leader and retract past antisemitic statements. ADL said that 'failure to do so is a moral failure and unbecoming of someone seeking elected office.' Ms. Greene's continued insistence on propagating such antisemitism shows she has decided to double down on hate, which, to say the least, is deeply problematic."
Republican leaders spoke out against Greene after her Facebook videos surfaced, but only House Minority Whip Steve Scalise (R-LA) actively worked to boost her opponent, physician John Cowan, frustrating some House Republicans, according to Politico. Scalise, House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy (R-CA) and the National Republican Campaign Committee did not respond to requests for comment.
The Republican Jewish Coalition opposed Greene during the runoff and endorsed Cowan.
"We are really proud to have endorsed John Cowan. We do not endorse Greene and we think she is the antithesis of what our party stands for," RJC communications director Neil Strauss said in a statement to JI. "We can hold our heads up high tonight for standing up to Greene, just like we did when we stood up to [Rep.] Steve King by supporting Randy Feenstra."
Rabbi Abraham Cooper, associate dean of the Simon Wiesenthal Center, said he was hopeful that Republican leaders would continue to distance themselves from Greene.
"During the primary campaign, top national Republican leaders in Congress, led by the House Minority Leader, denounced her bigotry with good reason. Some even endorsed her opponent. Yet she will likely be elected to Congress this fall," Cooper said in a statement to JI.
Cooper called on Republican leaders to marginalize Greene within the Republican caucus as they did with King after he questioned why white supremacy was considered offensive.
"If Ms. Green[e] doesn't change course," Cooper said, GOP leaders "may have to apply [the] same standards to her."
In Georgia's deep red 9th district, State Rep. Matt Gurtler, who also refused to apologize for taking a photo with the same former KKK leader, lost his runoff race against gun store owner and Navy veteran Andrew Clyde.


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Basil Read Homes was officially launched in Walkerville, Midvaal, with a ribbon-cutting ceremony in June at the company's showcase Savanna City development south of Johannesburg.
This comes after Basil Read's construction and civils departments were recently placed under debt rescue, but a spokesperson says that the launch of its housing and building divisions are going full steam ahead.
Savanna City, being built on land near Walkerville, showcases a new national trend: large-scale integrated mixed-use and -income housing developments. It is one of the largest developments of its kind in South Africa.
The construction company's developments division pioneered this trend with Cosmo City northwest of Johannesburg more than 10 years ago. Its success led to other, similar developments including Savanna City and, ultimately, the launch of Basil Read Homes.
"Basil Read is proud to officially launch Basil Read Homes here at Savanna City," says Basil Read CEO Khathutshelo ('K2') Mapasa, at the event.
Once completed, Savanna City will comprise more than 18 000 homes, 12 schools, municipal amenities, commercial hubs and several parks.
With a 65-year track record, Basil Read has played its part in building the foundations of South Africa, experienced several construction booms and weathered economic challenges along the way.
With Basil Read Homes, the company's focus is on building safe, secure, innovative and profitable homes that will attract a cross-section of South Africans in search of a better-quality lifestyle.
Savanna City is funded by Basil Read and the Housing Impact Fund South Africa (Hifsa), a R9-billion fund set up and managed by Old Mutual. Hifsa is a development impact fund that seeks to provide commercially viable investments into the affordable housing sector while enabling investors to achieve targeted investment points as defined in the Financial Sector Charter. HIFSA invests primarily in housing and housing-related assets within South Africa and aims to achieve the maximum risk-adjusted return possible from this asset class.
electrical infrastructure development is about to be finalised.
According to a Basil Read spokesperson, there are 10 extensions in the development, four of which townships are already proclaimed and almost complete in terms of house construction.
As for the Basil Read Homes, with a project value of about R18-million, the first phase will start with the 44 homes at Savanna City. It is important to make these 44 homes affordable to enable potential buyers to access the FLISP subsidy from government.
The brief is to develop a two-bedroom house in the affordable market with the focus on creating spacious living areas and be different to the units that is currently flooding the affordable market. Therefore creating an environment that is different where people will feel comfortable to live and invest in.
The 44 units are built within a current enclosed area of about 600 residential units with single vehicle access. The current design allows for 40m2 typology with the possibility of the addition of a third bedroom.
Ranging from R405 000 (VAT included), the units are fitted with solar geysers and prepaid electricity.
"The municipality is currently busy with a pilot project on the water meters which may roll out to the rest of the development," says the spokesperson.


Home » News Android » Google incorporates Waze functions into Google Maps app for smartphones.
Google incorporates Waze functions into Google Maps app for smartphones!
One of the most popular features that will make an appearance will be the real time information that will be provided by users of the Waze community. This data will include such things as accidents, constructions, closures, traffic jams and other miscellaneous information. As of now, this will be available in the following countries: United States, United Kingdom, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, France, Germany, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and Switzerland.
Google has also decided not to axe Waze completely with this new Google Maps integration, but expand it with some of their own features. Waze users will now be able to use Google Search to find locations and destinations during navigation. In addition, Google has incorporated satellite imagery and Google Street View to the Waze Map Editor to make it easier to correct map errors.
Both the Android and iOS versions of Google Maps and Waze should see these new features rolled out shortly. If you've gotten the update for either, what do you think so far?
Google Vs Bing – Fair Fight?


Dear Word Detective: So why do we call mouths "pie holes" (as in "Shut your pie hole")? Of all the foods we could have chosen, what is special about pie? I mean, I like pie and all, but not as much as … say, pastrami. In researching this on my own, I've been notified that "pie hole" is probably a variant of "cake hole," a phrase that apparently was coined in England sometime around World War II (also used in the context of "shut your cake hole"). And "cake" might be a corruption of "ceg," Welsh for mouth. Is this etymology correct? Or did "pie hole" originate from some completely other source? — James Takahashi.
Mmmm … cake. You can keep your pastrami, and the rye it rode in on. I'd be happy to live out my days on a diet of cake and pizza. I am especially fond of the classic wedding cake, but it's hard to find except at weddings. Incidentally, is it wrong to encourage your friends to divorce and remarry just so you can get some decent cake? Oh well, too late now.
Somehow I seem incapable of hearing the words "pie hole" without thinking of the classic exchange between Homer Simpson and Moe the bartender: Homer: Hmm. I wonder why he's so eager to go to the garage? Moe: The "garage"? Hey fellas, the "garage"! Well, ooh la di da, Mr. French Man. Homer: Well, what do you call it? Moe: A car hole!
I must say that although I've heard the expressions "pie hole" and "cake hole" in several movies (I have a dim memory of Bruce Willis saying "pie hole" in something forgettable), I don't think I've ever heard either phrase used in casual conversation, but both apparently have been for quite a while. "Cake hole" is the older, dating back to British armed services use in 1943. The earliest printed citation we have for "pie hole," however, is only from 1983, although it was probably in use for at least a few years before then. "Pie hole" was clearly inspired by "cake hole," the substitution made perhaps because pie, especially apple, has long been considered a typical American dessert.
As for the possible Welsh connection, "ceg" does indeed mean "mouth" in Welsh, but the resemblance to "cake" is almost certainly simply coincidental. Among other things, "ceg hole" would be a bit redundant, and there is no record of such a phrase ever being used.
"Pie hole" may not originally had anything to do with the mouth eating cake or pie or pastrami. It may refer to the whole in the cnter of a fruit pie to allow steam to vent.
A "pie hole" is a chimney like device, often in the shape of a goose neck, that one inserts into the centre of a pie prior to baking it. It is ceramic and has a hole in it, allowing steam to escape from the pie when it is cooking. We were served a large home made meat pie tonight at dinner, with a pie hole in it.
Haha, I always thought it was from a guy got in a fight with a fat guy, and the fat guy talked too much, and the skinny guy said, shut your pie hole, cause he was so fat and ate pie a lot…my thinkning is flawed…lol.
We were discussing how Altoids mints insert said "open your mint hole" which then led to the discussion about pie hole, landing us here. Thanks for an informative article. Boo to the candymaker who is trying change perfectly good slang into their marketing slogan.
you really didn't answer the question. you really didn't do anything but fill up the page with words.
Would you not think your mouth is the "hole" where you put your pie?
Homer Simpson would indeed call it so as he did call the garage the car hole.
Nevertheless think about that"shut your" portion.
Do we not try to teach our children how not to be rude?
What a jolt in reality!
What happens if you close the pie hole — does the pie explode? Maybe that is the intent…basically telling the person to plug the hole and that would result in pie in their face! Or, perhaps, a suggestion that the pie hole is in them and by shutting it they would explode. Now that is a Homer graphic image!
NYC term. Originated from 'cake' in ww2. When airman came back home,,, it changed to pie. As in pizza pie.
Actually Norm, it kind of does. When the contents of the pie start heating, of course they expand. If there is no way for steam to escape, often the upper & lower crusts will separate somewhere along the edge, resulting in hot syrupy pie filling dripping out and burning on the bottom of the oven. Any pie I've ever seen or made has had some slashes or cutouts in the upper crust to prevent this. Have never heard the little ceramic "pie hole" called that; have only seen it referred to as a "pie bird", which is often it's shape.


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In case you are embarking on a key clean out, or you have extensive appliance convenience or garbage removal requirements, hiring a dumpster services a great idea. Make absolutely certain you know going into exactly what solutions your dumpster firm offers to enable you to employ one that's right for you.
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When you choose a Dumpster for Rent in Wellford, SC company, program options range so dig through them along with work out the most effective one for you.
With spring swiftly approaching, households in the south east are aware that using lovely planting season days will comw with the terrible storms regarding spring: the howling really agitates, heavy rainfall, hail, tornadoes and even our notorious late snowfalls. Most of these disruptive climatic conditions patterns could leave inside their wakes a massive mess for you personally and your neighbours to clean upwards. But in which do you possibly begin? Here are some suggestions to buy your neighborhood jointly to clean upwards after a storm.
You are no longer required to get worried that waste disposal in effective way is burden for you personally. These Dumpster for Rent in Wellford, SC companies with the many years of experience could suggest the actual most affordable strategy for disposing the garbage without spanning your budget limitations. Hiring a dumpster can relive from all the head aches of waste disposal. You'll receive ample time to pay attention to many other factors so that your brand-new rebuilt house will recover the injuries of outdated ruins.
Discover how long you can maintain the booked dumpster at your home so that you are not shocked with additional fees. You should find a person that will allow the dumpster to be on your property for at least fourteen days for one one-time fee. If you need the dumpster longer you will have the option to do it.
There are a large number of people that are opting for to deal with unnecessary items in a eco friendly manner. It is important that when doing a clean approximately do it meticulously so that you will not end up with accidents. Dumpster rental can come in very handy when it comes to dealing with unnecessary rubbish, whether it be from clean up or perhaps construction operate.
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Trash is something all of us have but some regarding us have more of the usb ports than others. Trash does not seem pretty and cannot just be lay on the ground until you can take it to the dumpster. In a few cities it is even unlawful because it seems to be bad as well as animals could possibly get into it as well as spread everything over the location.
No matter where you live you know that you must keep your condominiums up to date if you own these individuals and rent these individuals out. Folks want to live in a nice, and also updated residence.
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Dumpsters can be found in different sizes picking the right one is very important because the even bigger dumpster you choose, a lot more it will cost. Should you be doing a residence renovating as well as home enlargement project, then you'll definitely have to cope with a lot of waste, which will need a dumpster size of 30-40 cubic legs. Choosing the right dumpster dimension not only determines the cost of these facilities, but it also determines how correctly you can move the waste from your residence.
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No matter what undertaking you are planning to undertake, imagine the many materials that you are going to be committing to of the house. Think about old kitchen appliances, old cabinetry, maybe even that old flooring. In every one of these situations, you have to take a step with the things that you are getting rid of.
According to sanctioned reports of state of air, an incredible number of Americans still are suffering from mid-air pollution and this is being a basis for spreading a lot of dangerous conditions like breathing, respiratory illness, lung swelling and stress of the respiratory system illness. Many of the residents throughout US live in harmful and unclean environments. How can this be? The reason is very simple. The garbage generated due to a variety of projects including construction, residence renovation, business clean advantages and yard clean advantages is left without correct disposal and is also contaminating the earth.
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text:
mrschristine.com
Title Sing Street
Title: Sing Street Director: John Carney Year: 2016 Run time: 1hr 46m
"Sing Street takes us back to 1980s Dublin where an economic recession forces Conor out of his comfortable private school and into survival mode at the inner-city state school where the kids are rough and the teachers are rougher. He finds a glimmer of hope in the mysterious and über-cool Raphina, and with the aim of winning her heart, invites her to star in his band's music videos. She agrees, and now Conor must deliver what he's promised – calling himself "Cosmo" and immersing himself in the vibrant rock music trends of the '80s, he forms a band with a few lads, and the group pours their hearts into writing lyrics and shooting videos. Combining Carney's trademark warmth and humour with a punk rock edge, and featuring a memorable soundtrack with hits from The Cure, Duran Duran, The Police, and Genesis, Sing Street is an electrifying coming-of-age film that will have you dancing in your seats!"
0:57 - Some really dodgy indents going on here. 3:24 - "I'd take your brother out of college, but he's already dropped out." 9:04 - Proficient isn't really a huge compliment in terms of instruments. 12:44 - The handwritten business cards are adorable. 15:12 - Phew, Take On Me really stresses me out. He only did two lines. 20:56 - "Ce n'est pas le nom de group." 23:39 - "Rock and roll is a risk. You risk being ridiculed." 31:17 - This kid bass player is so inspo, I'm jealous. 36:19 - "No woman can truly love a man who listens to Phil Collins." 39:04 - Also well jel of the house that has instruments just littered around. 45:43 - Love is happy-sad. 48:47 - I've been listening to a lot of The Cure recently… 1:03:04 - Back to the Future reference! 1:04:46 - Biscuit kisses. 1:16:22 - Playing guitar by the sea must be pretty peaceful. 1:17:19 - Loving the confidence of just refusing to admit you are who you are. "Nope, not me, you're thinking of someone else." 1:24:34 - Worst bod ever, love him. 1:38:00 - "You'll probably die, but go on." Best brother.
This was a good film, very much in the same vein as the other John Carney ones, although not as good as Begin Again, I'd argue. It was intensely eighties, and portrayed an Ireland that is sometimes hard to fathom, but I did enjoy how the main kid kept adapting his look as he watched more and more pop videos.
The kids were all supremely talented, and the story of the budding romance was good, but if I'm honest, I was more interested in the brother. He seemed to have life sussed and I really want to know what happened to him more than know whether they made it to London or not.
Still, good music, good times.
Rating: 4/5.
Rating: Unrated
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Are you passionate about online sales and marketing? Do you have a natural urge to develop new and drive existing businesses using a combination of modern online and digital resources and tools to exceed in sales? If you are looking for a challenging and exciting career opportunity in an international and dynamic company, characterized by an entrepreneurial, hands-on and down to earth approach, then maybe you are the Online Sales Manager we are looking for!
The Doro Online Sales Manager (OSM) responsibilities include the full online sale experience and life cycle, covering the Profit & Loss for the online sales across the group's four major regions; DACH, EMEA, Nordic and UK & Ireland. In addition, the OSM will hands-on be managing and using our existing digital tools (e.g. inRiver, Mailchimp, Bazaarvoice etc) to analyze, synthesize, device and implement measures which drive online sales to meet or better still exceed targets, as well as pose requirements for and procure potentially additional tools needed to fulfill the online sales requirements.
Doro OSM will be supporting the Regional Managers in the four regions and will be their online digital sales expert ensuring that the regions fulfill their online targets, by deploying a range of techniques such as online market research, segmentation, competitive analysis and pricing and more importantly devising and executing sales plans, campaigns, promotions, bundles and packages.
This job requires proficiency with online marketing channels, such as email, website advertising, and social media, as well as the ability to analyze data using commonly frequent analytics tools, to increase sales and conversions and promote Doro's products and services. This involves conducting market research and handle all online sales including the Doro sales to and via Amazon.
As the OSM you must be fully travelable since you will likely be seconded to the Doro regional offices during recurring time periods.
OSM works closely with clients to establish marketing goals and implement strategies that meets their requirements.
Produce regular reports to highlight successes and failures and to showcase areas for improvement.
Train new and existing staff on the latest online sales techniques, online trends, and software.
You're energetic and self-motivated and have good drive, along with being analytical and well-organized. You're a strong communicator with excellent presentation skills, and you're very good at pitching your ideas in a convincing way. We assume you are fully fluent in at least one Scandinavian language, as well as our company language English.
Be hands-on - OSM needs to be someone who gets the job done!
The OSM will be based at Doro HQ in Malmö, Sweden, reporting to VP Consumer but will be seconded throughout the year to the four Regions, which is why one fourth of the time will be spent in Sweden, and remaining part of the time may be spent at Doro's European regional HQs. OSM will work with Sales, Marketing and Product Management within Consumer business area and will travel frequently to visit Doro's offices in Europe.


text:
Ignatius 500
Pray with the Pope
Blog – In All Things
Living in a time of coronavirus
Beatification of Fr John Sullivan SJ
General Congregation 36
1916: Birth of a nation
Information for past pupils impacted by Joseph Marmion SJ
Contact details for the Child Protection Officer of the Jesuit Order
The hills are alive with the sound of music
January 7, 2011 in General, News
From the centre of snow-bound Munich, Irish Jesuit Niall Leahy (Niall Senior, not novice Niall) has given us a glimpse of an attractive pastoral side of his ministry. He has been working in St Michael's Jesuit church for the last four years. The summer offers him a particular joy in the Masses on the Almen in the foothills of the Alps, south of Munich. An Alm is a mountain pasture, which is covered with snow for about five months of the year. Young cattle are brought there to graze for the summer months. These "Almen" (Alms) are also places where hill-walkers will stop for a bite to eat and a perhaps a beer. And as the photo shows, people seek God in the Almen. Read Niall's story. There is a tradition in Bavaria at the end of the season, of giving thanks for the months on the Alm. This is celebrated with a Sunday Mass, best accompanied with brass music.
There are many elements, I guess, that attract people to such a Mass: the walk to the Alm on a Sunday morning is something of a mini-pilgrimage – it is an all-day affair; one is in nature and leaves the noises of the city or the valley behind; one cannot drive there; one walks; whatever tended to separate people down below in the village or city disappears. All generations are present (children, teenagers and adults) – a phenomenon which is rare today; one is invited to be with oneself as one, step by step, makes one's way to the alm; nature invites to inner stillness and receptivity for the Word.
When there is brass-music, there are invariably more people at these Masses than at the Masses in the local village. This prompted me to suggest to the parish-priest in "Schliersee" (not far from the Austrian border) that perhaps as a pastoral plan one should consider closing the churches in the valley in the summer months, take to the alms (where the people are!) and celebrate Mass there. He was not impressed.
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text:
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    # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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    # limitations under the License.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
https://www.concordia.ca/content/shared/en/profiles/offices/advancement/notable-concordians/louise-archambault.html
Graduation portraits
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Notable Concordian
Louise Archambault
BFA 93, MFA 00
Great Concordian
Filmmaking and the tradition of excellence
Award-winning filmmaker Louise Archambault, BFA 93, MFA 00, began her career in the Quebec film industry holding a variety of posts, including still photographer, line producer and assistant director.
She started work on her own creations in the late 1990s while completing a graduate degree at the Mel Hoppenheim School of Cinema. Her artistic vision materialized through a steady output of short documentary and fiction films.
One of these, Atomic Saké (1999), was awarded a Prix Jutra and Best Film at the Delle Donne International Film Festival. Familia (2005), her debut feature-length fiction film, was well received domestically and internationally. It won the City TV Award for Best Canadian First Feature Film and the Claude-Jutra Award for Best First Film.
Archambault's brilliant foray into the world of commercial cinema was followed by Gabrielle (2013), a multi-award-winning production. A touching and mesmerizing film, it introduces the talented Gabrielle Marion-Rivard, a young actress and singer with Williams syndrome. Premiering at the Locarno International Film Festival, it received the Prix du Public. It won similar prizes at both the Festival International du Film Francophone de Namur and the Festival du film canadien de Dieppe.
Louise Archambault and her two lead protagonists: Gabrielle Marion-Rivard and Alexandre Landry. (Photo Wikimedia Commons.)
Louise Archambault and her Prix Jutra in the Best Director category. (Photo David Champagne, courtesy of the Records Management and Archives Department.)
Narrowly missing a nomination as Best Foreign Language Film at the 86th Academy Awards, Gabrielle received multiple awards at home: Best Picture and Best Actress at the Canadian Screen Awards. It won in five categories at the 16th Soirée des prix Jutra. (Meilleure réalisation, Meilleur montage, Meilleur scénario, Meilleure actrice de soutien, Film s'étant le plus illustré à l'extérieur du Québec).
"When you see a success like Louise Archambault's Gabrielle …, it really inspires everyone here — students, staff and professors — to maintain that tradition of excellence," said Daniel Cross, chair of Concordia's Mel Hoppenheim School of Cinema.
Archambault is now working on After the End, an adaptation of a British play set in a nuclear bunker.
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Paris France is one of the most popular tourist attraction towns in the world if not the best. This is one of the most ideal places that one would find themselves when on vacation or business trip because of some of the well-known breathtaking scenery. The streets of Paris for anyone even the local can be so intriguing and that is why it is vitally important if you want to enjoy your stay in this wonderful town to know your way around. There are several ways to wandering the street of Paris and have a time of your life.
You will not be the first individual to land in the airport and get confused on what to do next and how to get anywhere this is simply because of the large population around. There are several means on how to get to Paris from the airport.
• Train: one of the most popular and easy way of going to Paris. It is a suburban train popularly known as RER b that is a Blue line which is the most convenient mode other than a taxi if you are coming from the Charles DE Gaulle Airport and the ticket is readily available at the airport.
• Another mode: Depending on where you are coming from, you can either take a taxi or a bus. If you are coming from the airport you can always The Roissy bus and many other buses provided by Air France.
Taxis are also available at a flat rate of about 50 US dollars and the best and common taxis that will make the whole experienced very easy is using the Uber.
Using Paris metro is not only convenient but one of the easiest way of getting around Paris as you will realize that it connects directly to the RER. The tickets are available at the station ad it is advisable that one should always hold on to their ticket because it is what the will use when they are exiting the station.
RER is very different for the normal subway that you are used to because they are also commuter lines that travel way into Paris and even further away from the town.
You will also realize that if you want to travel further, one will have to use there the train that is available at the main station in Paris and not RER.
The best tip on Wandering the Streets of Paris is picking the available time magazine that is not only in English but available in nearly all the stand, they will guide you on what the most ideal place to visit and what is on to add on top of that get to know the pinpointed museums and top sights that are available in Paris.
There is no doubt that Paris is the ideal destination for most of the tourist and it is no surprise that it is one of the most popular cities in Europe. That is why this guide should be very handy when you want to visit this magnificent town of lights and not regret any bit.
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The CTF Act mandates that a 15-member board administer the fund. The board consists of three members from the Senate, appointed by the senate president pro-tempore; three members from the House of Representatives, appointed by the speaker of the house; and nine public members, appointed by the governor and confirmed by the Senate. The Deputy Secretary for the Office of Child Development and Early Learning (OCDEL) serves as the executive director and carries out the duties and responsibilities assigned by the board through staff employed at OCDEL. View the list of current board members (pdf).
Social, economic, cultural and racial diversity of Pennsylvania's communities should be respected.
The Children's Trust Fund Board has adopted the following guiding principles and core values.
We aspire to be a catalyst to influence public policy and to change social attitudes that promote and tolerate violence against children.
We strive to improve the lives of children by initiating prevention programs that strengthen families, build communities, and empower individuals to protect and nurture their children.
We encourage collaboration among public and private agencies, replication of innovative community-based programs, strong leadership, flexibility and diversity.
We recognize our responsibilities as stewards of a public trust, never losing sight of children's urgent need to be free from abuse and neglect.
We are passionately committed to ensuring the safety of children in Pennsylvania.


text:
Arcus lands 10-year Sainsbury's extension
Open-access content 8th July 2016
Sainsbury's and Arcus renew FM deal
8 July 2016 | Jamie Harris
Facilities services provider Arcus has extended its contract with Sainsbury's, securing a 10-year renewal with the retailer.
Arcus won the initial contract in 2009, and saw the contract extended in 2011.
Under the terms of the new deal, Arcus is to continue its provision of FM services across the Sainsbury's UK estate, including all supermarkets, convenience stores, petrol stations and depots.
Its responsibilities also include refrigeration remote monitoring, energy management and compliance management, as well as M&E maintenance, building fabric and lighting services.
Chris Green, chief executive at Arcus, said: "A joint venture model is undoubtedly the most challenging and demanding. However, if executed well with high commitment on both sides then it has the potential to be the most rewarding."


Have questions? Get answers from Aran Doolin Ferries or IrelandYP.com users. Visitors haven't asked any questions yet.
Aran Doolin Ferries is located in Doolin, Ireland. Company is working in Marine services business activities.


text:
package io.fundrequest.core.request.claim.infrastructure;

import io.fundrequest.core.infrastructure.repository.JpaRepository;
import io.fundrequest.core.request.claim.domain.ClaimRequestStatus;
import io.fundrequest.core.request.claim.domain.RequestClaim;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface RequestClaimRepository extends JpaRepository<RequestClaim, Long> {

    List<RequestClaim> findByStatusIn(List<ClaimRequestStatus> status, Sort sort);

    List<RequestClaim> findByStatus(ClaimRequestStatus status);

    List<RequestClaim> findByRequestId(@Param("requestId") final Long requestId);

}


text:
greensboro (n.c.) -- history -- 20th century (1)
greensboro civic organizations (1)
school desegregation, 1954-1958 (1)
school integration -- united states (1)
school integration, 1968-1972 (1)
cook, anne bisher (1)
o'neal, richard (1)
swann, melvin (1)
brandon, lewis a., iii (1)
Source: Oral History Collection [Brock Museum, Greensboro College]
Oral History Interview with Richard O'Neal by Justin Payne
This oral history interview was conducted with Richard O'Neal on September 26, 2008 by Greensboro College senior, Justin Payne. The interview focuses on O'Neal's involvement with the 1960 Greensboro Woolworth's lunch counter sit-ins.
Mr....
Oral History Interview with Melvin Swann by Michael Sistrom
This oral history interview was conducted with Melvin Swann on October 30, 2007 by Greensboro College Associate Professor of History, Dr. Michael P. Sistrom. The interview largely covers Swann's experiences as a teacher at the J.C. Price School, an...
Oral History Interview with Lewis A. Brandon III by Justin Payne
This oral history interview was conducted with Lewis A. Brandon, III on February, 26, 2009 by Greensboro College senior, Justin Payne. The interview covers Brandon's background and his time as a teacher at the J.C. Price School, an historically...
Oral History Interview with Anne Bisher Cook by Justin Payne
This oral history interview was conducted with Anne Bisher Cook on October 24, 2008 by Greensboro College senior, Justin Payne. While a student at Greensboro College, Cook was known by her maiden name, Bisher. In this interview, Cook relays her...


This long pure silver Earring is a perferct mach with your indo western dresses /look.
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We will always hear you out and will definitely help whenever you needed.


text:
Category: Nuclear Fusion
Explainer: The Science of Nuclear Fusion
December 16, 2022 by Mark Belan
This post is by Mark Belan from Visual Capitalist
The Science of Nuclear Fusion
U.S. scientists at the National Ignition Facility, part of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), announced a major breakthrough in nuclear fusion this week.
For the first time ever, scientists successfully produced more energy from a nuclear fusion experiment than the laser energy used to power it.
In the above infographic, we describe nuclear fusion and illustrate how this discovery may pave the future for a new form of clean and sustainable energy.
What is Nuclear Fusion?
Nuclear fusion powers the Sun and the stars, where immense forces compress and heat hydrogen plasma to about 100 million degrees Celsius. At this temperature, the lighter particles fuse into helium, releasing enormous amounts of energy.
Nuclear fusion is a fairly clean energy source as it does not produce harmful atmospheric emissions and only produces a small amount of short-lived radioactive waste.
Scientists have been trying to replicate it on Earth for almost 70 years, using isotopes of hydrogen—deuterium and tritium—to power fusion plants.
Since deuterium is found in seawater and tritium is attained through irradiating lithium (a common element used in batteries), the accessibility of these isotopes means that fusion could become a major source of energy in the future.
The amount of deuterium present in one liter of (Read more...)
The (Positive) Energy of Fusion
December 13, 2022 by Om Malik
This post is by Om Malik from On my Om
We live in stranger times, when the day there is good news is now a red letter day. Today happens to be one of those days. I woke up to the news that a very close friend had a healthy baby boy. What a delight it is to be an uncle again. A few minutes later, I learned about the pending arrest and extradition of a con man and sociopath, Sam Bankman-Fried. And to cap it all, the Laurence Livermore Laboratory announced that it had achieved a breakthrough that makes fusion energy a reality.
On Dec. 5, a team at LLNL's National Ignition Facility (NIF) conducted the first controlled fusion experiment in history to reach this milestone, also known as scientific energy breakeven, meaning it produced more energy from fusion than the laser energy used to drive it.
LLNL's experiment surpassed the fusion threshold by delivering 2.05 megajoules (MJ) of energy to the target, resulting in 3.15 MJ of fusion energy output, demonstrating for the first time a most fundamental science basis for inertial fusion energy (IFE).
Fusion is the process by which two light nuclei combine to form a single heavier nucleus, releasing a large amount of energy. In the 1960s, a group of pioneering scientists at LLNL hypothesized that lasers could be used to induce fusion in a laboratory setting. Led by physicist John Nuckolls, who later served as LLNL director from 1988 to 1994, this revolutionary idea became inertial confinement fusion, kicking off more than 60 years (Read more...)


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Alpha Test of Driver's License Exam
As we announced back in June, we're working with the Software Sustainability Institute to create a "driver's license" exam for the DiRAC supercomputing facility. Mike Jackson at the SSI alpha tested our exam on four people last week; the exam itself, and his comments, are below. We would be very grateful for feedback from the community on the scope and level of the questions.
You have been given the URL of a version control repository, along with a username and a password for it. You have one hour to complete the following tasks. If at any point you would like clarification, please do not hesitate to ask. If at any point you are unable to complete a task, you may also ask for help so that you can proceed to the next task, but doing so will be considered equivalent to not completing that task.
Check out a working copy of the version control repository. You will do all of your work in this working copy, and use version control to commit your solutions as you go.
svn checkout $URL
Once you have a working copy, use the cd command to go into it. Use a single shell command to create a list of all files with names ending in .dat in or below this directory in a file called all-dat-files.txt.
find . -name '*.dat' -print > all-dat-files.txt
The analyze.py program takes exactly two arguments: the name of its input file and the name of its output file, in that order. For example, if inputs/a.dat changes, running make will execute the command:
./analyze.py inputs/a.dat outputs/a.out
Edit the file Makefile in the root directory of the working copy so that if any .dat file in the inputs directory changes, the program analyze.py is run to create a file named .out in the outputs directory.
outputs/%.out : inputs/%.dat
./analyze.py $< $@
Commit your changes to Makefile to the version control repository.
svn commit -m "Building .out files for .dat files" Makefile
Note: examinees may use an editor instead of -m to provide a log comment.
The analyze.py program contains a function called running_total, which is supposed to calculate the total of each increasing sequence of numbers in a list:
running_total([1, 2, 1, 8, 9, 2])       == [3, 18, 2]
running_total([1, 3, 4, 2, 5, 4, 6, 9]) == [8, 7, 19]
In the file test_analyze.py, write the four (4) unit tests that you think are most important to run to test this function. Do not test for cases of invalid input (i.e., inputs that are strings, lists of lists, or anything else that isn't a flat list of numbers).
def test_empty():
assert running_total([]) == []
def test_equal():
assert running_total([1, 1]) == [1, 1]
def test_negative():
assert running_total([1, 5, -5, -3]) == [6, -8]
def test_float():
assert running_total([1.0, 5.0, 2.0]) == [6.0, 2.0]
Submit your work by committing your changes to version control.
The test for [] must be in the set the examinee writes. The behavior is not explicitly stated in the spec, but is reasonable, and can be inferred from reading the source.
The spec says 'increasing sequence', but neither of the examples has consecutive equal values, so the second test must be in the set the examinee writes as well.
Examinees may write other tests than test_negative and test_float, so long as they are interesting and useful in the eyes of the assessor.
Numerical Programming (and Version Control)
Edit a file called answer.txt in the root directory of your working copy and write a brief explanation of one situation in which running_total would produce an incorrect answer. Submit your answer by committing the file answer.txt to version control.
Solution: running_total will produce the wrong answer if a sequence includes consecutive floating-point values with very small and very large magnitudes.
svn commit -m "Answer to numerical programming question" answer.txt
Note: While the examinee is working on previous questions, the examiner will edit answer.txt, and will check in changes so that the examinee must resolve a conflict before being able to commit.
The program power2.py takes a single non-negative integer as a command line argument and produces the powers of two that total to that number. For example:
./power2.py 27
produces:
Edit this program to improve its structure and readability without changing its behavior.
The file test_power2.py has tests for power2.py. You can check that your changes have not changed power2.py's behaviour by running:
nosetests test_power2.py
Solution: This one requires subjective judgment by the examiner, but the starting code is awful enough to leave lots of room for improvement.
Write a shell script called do-many.sh that runs power2.py for many different numbers. For example:
./do-many.sh 27 9 35
must produce:
as its output. You do not need to do error-checking on the command-line parameters, i.e., you may assume that they are all non-negative integers.
for number in $*
./power2.py $number
A dry-run a test for a "driver's licence" for researchers wishing to use the DiRAC integrated supercomputing facility was done on Thursday 9th and Friday 10th August 2012. 4 participants (P1..4) took part. P1 and P2 are members of EPCC and have backgrounds in software development, HPC and project management. P1 is a DiRAC project leader. P3 and P4 are members of the SSI with backgrounds in software development. P3 could be viewed as equivalent to a "professor", P4 as a software development and sustainability consultant. It was expected that all 4 would be able to complete the test in an hour.
Each participant was given 1 hour followed by up to 30 minutes for discussions on how they did, the nature of the test and suggestions as to how it could be improved.
Starting the Test
The participants logged into an account with all the tools available. The exam text and Subversion URL/username/password were in text files. Each participant had their own Subversion URL.
After P2 and P3 did their check-out I committed an update to power2.py. I forgot to do this for P1.
P4 didn't use Subversion due to account access issues so was given a ZIP file with the exam and source code.
P1 and P2 asked if they could use the web/whether it was an "open book" test. I said it was since the test assesses working practices, not recall. P1-4 all used the web.
P2,3 used Subversion without problems.
P1 ran commit commands but forgot the add commands. They put this down to unfamiliarity with Subversion. P2 commented that they hadn't used Subversion for a long time but it was sufficiently straightforward.
P1 asked if alternatives to Subversion would be offered to examinees e.g. Mercurial. I said Git would be offered. They also suggested CVS and warned that some won't know what version control or any of these tools are. P2 also said it would be better if there was a choice of tools.
Everyone completed this with no problem or comment.
No-one managed the expected solution.
P1-4 all did solutions for hard coded file paths. The wild-card was the problem. P3 had looked up the syntax, since they only ever use others' directory-based patterns, but it wasn't clear what to do.
P1 and P4 assumed that once they'd implemented their target, a "make" with no file would call it to apply it to all the matching files. When shown that it had to be invoked as "make outputs/run1.out" P1 commented that they'd never seen make used that way before.
P1 commented that Make is so complex that everyone knows it in a different way, and that it is a very hard tool to set questions on. P4 said they'd moved on from Make, it was a tool they'd come back and learn if/when needed but was too arcane to retain. P3 questioned whether it was reasonable to expect an HPC user to know this. They'd be more likely to modify Make files/targets than create from scratch.
P1,2,3 all committed their updates to the repository with a commit message.
P1 asked whether examinees would know Python. I explained that C/C++, FORTRAN and MATLAB would also be offered. P2 said examinees should be able to choose their tools. P3 also said that examinees need to know the libraries and tools used.
P1 commented that some examinees won't know what a "unit test" is.
P1 had never written Python unit tests and asked if there was something like JUnit. I described how to run "nosetests". They admitted to searching the web a lot and also copying the test format from test_power2.py.
P1 missed a test for [1,1] but argued that their test for [0] was a test for a non-increasing sequence.
P2 asked whether "increasing" meant "strictly increasing". Related to this, P3 defined a test where [0,0,0,0,0] == [0]. This test fails, but P3 said if they had time they would then have investigated the failure.
P2 wrote 7 tests including the 2 expected tests but as stand-alone asserts and not in functions, due to unfamiliarity with writing Python unit tests. They committed a version that had 4 of their tests, including the expected ones.
P4 omitted the test for [].
P3 commented that the nosetests doc wasn't useful but the code on Software Carpentry was.
P3 ran into problems due to a typo ("sssert" not "assert") which took me a while to spot too though the tests included those expected.
P1 answered "The case where you use real numbers rather than integer values." and elaborated that it would give a read error for any floating point number.
P2 commented that this question has a different context from the others and that the heading "numerical programming" is a bit cryptic. They commented that the examples plus description of the previous question implies a focus on integers only. Examinees may be more likely to answer if it's explicitly stated that the function can handle floating point numbers. Similarly, P4 said it was "kind of a trick question".
When informed of the answer, P3 did say they'd expect such accumulation errors.
P1 made few changes e.g. added a header comment, added other meaningful comments, removed bit shifts, started to remove prints and reverse the range. When discussing the test, P1 listed numerous other refactorings e.g. changing variables (but they said that FORTRANers like/expect/traditionally use short variable names), removing the prints (but they argued that printing as you go is more optimal). P1 also said they wouldn't touch the loops as that's the compilers job.
P1 felt the example was too "computer science-y" and most examinees won't be. They suggested an example based on linear algebra or a matrix vector multiply.
P2 only added a redundant comment and removed the shift but not the associated comment, which was now incorrect. They felt it was not immediately obvious what to do and suggested quantifying the number of possible improvements to give examinees a goal to aim for. They get their "aha" moment only when seeing an example solution or having possible refactorings suggested. They commented that they most likely would have rewritten the function from scratch if the question proposed that as an option.
P2 did not commit their updates to-date so did not encounter the conflict in the repository.
P3 did not get to this question in time.
P4 made changes such as renaming variables. Intended changes included separating logically-grouped code fragments; using function names as comments; adding more comments including a header comment on what it does, how it runs and what's expected (with the intent to add more on valid inputs); a code analysis to see if some code is irrelevant; adding a Subversion pragma; adding a debug mode.
P4 commented that some examinees might optimise the code first and others clarify it, it would depend on the individual.
P2 wrote a shell script that worked but this had not been added to the repository.
P1, 3 and 4 didn't do this as they were aiming to complete the test in an hour.
P3 and P4 said they'd've done a loop, shift, while, $* or a web search.
The marking criteria is:
Pass: the researcher passes all the exercises, and comments (e.g. alternative ways of doing things, other issues to consider) are given.
Pass with condition: the researcher fails an exercise but is given a pass subject to undertaking some training activity (e.g. working through an online Software Carpentry tutorial) or working with a DIRAC developer.
Fail: the researcher fails more than one of the test exercises. They will be given pointers to online resources that would help them to pass the exercises they failed, names of individuals at their home institution who may be able to help or mentor them (or, generally, recommended to seek someone out) or advised to attend a Software Carpentry bootcamp.
Under a strict interpretation all the participants Failed since they each failed more than one exercise:
P1-4 failed Make since they did not derive the wild-card solution.
P1 and P3 failed Testing since they did not provide a test for a strictly increasing sequence and [] respectively.
P2-4 all failed to answer the Numerical Programming question.
P1, 2, 4 all failed to write the final shell script.
Being more lenient and taking into account that non-optimal solutions for Make were given, possible code refactorings were enumerated and that all participants understood solutions when given, this would be a Pass with condition for each.
On the Current Exam
P1 felt the test was too difficult because there were too many assumptions e.g. language, test framework and version control.
P3 felt the test was difficult in the time available. P3 felt that if an examinee knows these things then they're fairly competent, but cautioned that if the examinees must get all the answers exactly right (e.g. for Make) then it would be very hard. P4 added that if the test was "closed book" then the number of passes would be very small.
P3 and 4 felt the basic mix of shell, maintainable code, version control, build and test was good. P2 felt the test was quite well balanced.
P2 and P4 felt that more detail in the questions would avoid blind alleys.
On the Concept of an Exam
P1 thought it would be useful as a self-assessment for (particularly early-stage) researchers to identify their training needs. P2-4 also thought it was a good idea in principle.
On Making the Exam a Pre-Requisite for DiRAC Access
P1's view was it would not be reasonable to expect someone to sit this before getting access due to the diversity of researchers in both their background and intended use. They commented that a lot of users would be package users and more concerned with how to submit jobs.
P1 commented that the criteria should be are they doing good science, not how good/bad their code is and they would be very wary about making it a condition of access since there are already a number of hoops researchers must go through to get access (e.g. a detailed Technical Assessment).
P1 also raised the question of what happens if a researcher has their Technical Assessment accepted but refuses to sit the test, or fails it and is denied access?
P2-4 felt that it was reasonable to expect the test to be sat. P2 said it could annoy some people but if one decides that only skilled users can access a facility then there needs to be some way to ensure that. P3 and P4 agreed.
P3 commented that if the users objective is research then they may not want to bother and that if what they do and how they do it works for them then they're only wasting their own time if they're inefficient.
P3 and P4 felt the pass/conditional pass/fail marking scheme was harsh. P3 commented that attending a bootcamp might not be enough e.g. P3 had attended a bootcamp but the shell content was skipped and Make wasn't covered at all.
P4 said that if DiRAC has capacity for everyone who ever may be given access then the barrier could be reduced. The barrier could be increased as more use DiRAC.
P3 questioned whether those applying for access (e.g. a PI) would be the same as those who actually use it (e.g. an RA). They made the distinction between someone buying a car and someone actually driving it.
Suggestions for Revision
Explicitly state that the examinee can use the web, man pages etc.
Allow use of CVS and Mercurial in addition to Subversion and Git.
Tell examinees to add their all-dat-files.txt file to the repository.
Drop or provide an easier example.
Provide an ANT alternative.
State that the sequence is "strictly increasing".
Move to after Code review so examinees are familiar with the xUnit format and how to run tests in their chosen language.
Provide them with a test function and the command-line invocation to compile/run tests.
Drop.
Quantify the number of possible refactorings e.g. "Improve this code in at least 3 ways".
Provide a more "scientific" example.
Move this exercise before code review so it doesn't get dropped through lack of time.
Should consider responses given by examinee when discussing results with them as this could take a Fail to a Pass with condition to a Pass.
« Interview about Software Carpentry (and Education)
Who Are You? »


text:
Alexandre de Toulouse-Lautrec (1633 - 1699) est le dernier vicomte de Lautrec issu de la famille de Lautrec, de 1656 à 1670. Il est aussi seigneur de Montfa, de Veynes, d'Agriffoul et la Ferraye, ainsi que capitaine dans la cavalerie.

Biographie
Alexandre est le fils aîné du vicomte Bernard Ier de Toulouse-Lautrec (1583 - 1656) et de Marguerite de Vitrolles. Membre de la famille de Toulouse-Lautrec, il est l'ancêtre du peintre Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. Son père ne possédait qu'une part de la vicomté de Lautrec, partagée entre de multiples seigneurs, dont il hérite à sa mort.

Le 2 novembre 1668, lui et son frère, Antoine de Toulouse-Lautrec, sont maintenus dans leur noblesse par l'intendant du Languedoc, Claude Bazin de Bezons, sur preuves remontant à Antoine Ier de Lautrec.

Il se sépare finalement de sa part d'un sixième de la vicomté, le 22 octobre 1670, en la vendant à François de Gélas, déjà covicomte. Il met ainsi un terme à près de 700 années de règne sur la vicomté par sa famille. Il conserve néanmoins son titre de noblesse de vicomte, et son fils se titrera ainsi plutôt de "vicomte de Montfa", du nom d'un autre fief de la famille. Il tire 2000 livres immédiats et 800 livres de rente de cette vente.

Plus tard, sous l'égide de l'évêque de Saint-Pons, Percin de Montgaillard, il participe à des missions pour répandre la parole catholique, peut-être en repentance de ses années dans l'armée.

Il meurt finalement en 1699 à Montpellier, après s'être retiré dans le services pour pauvres de hôpital de la ville.

Mariage
De son premier mariage le 7 mars 1650 avec Catherine de Cambefort sont issus :

 Jean II de Toulouse-Lautrec (1653 - 1711), coseigneur de Montfa ;
 Bernard II de Toulouse-Lautrec (1655 - 1738), coseigneur de Montfa et ancêtre d'Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec ;
 Jean-Alexandre de Toulouse-Lautrec (1658 - 1604) ;
 Françoise de Lautrec, rentrée dans les ordres religieux.

Il épouse en seconde noces une certaine Dorothée de Julien, fille d'un conseiller à la Chambre de l'Édit de Castres.

Notes et références

Article connexe

 Liste des vicomtes de Lautrec

Références

Vicomte français
Naissance en 1633
Décès en 1699
Décès à Montpellier

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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Christian Nationalism, the Border, and Fourth of July Church
Angela Denker Religion News Service July 15, 2019
Joe Lamberti/Camden Courier-Post via AP
I first became aware of the power of Christian nationalism last year, during an interview at the Evangelicals for Life Conference in Washington, D.C., a gathering that coincided with the March for Life, a large, predominantly conservative Christian rally to oppose abortion and urge the reversal of Roe v. Wade.
My conversation partner that morning was Dean Inserra, a prominent conservative evangelical pastor, the founder of City Church in Tallahassee, Florida, a Liberty University grad and an advisory member of the Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention.
Inserra told me about a term from Southern Baptist theology that describes the current moment in American politics and religion. "In this linking of nationalism and Christianity, we are forgetting about the message of Jesus. … When we do that, we have a gospel distortion."
Related Topics: family separation Border emergency american exceptionalism Southern Baptist July 4 Christians Christianity nationalism megachurches Prestonwood Christian Academy southern baptist convention
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The event will take place the week of Jan. 22-26, 2018. Please join us in celebrating literacy by encouraging providers to participate in our simultaneous reading activity on Wednesday, Jan. 24, at 9 a.m. (EST). Providers can support this effort to promote literacy in their homes, centers and schools by reading Over in the Ocean in a Coral Reef by Marianne Berkes for infants and toddlers, and Big Al by Andrew Clements for 3- to 5-year-olds.
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