text:
\section{Introduction}
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is one of the most promising candidates beyond the Standard Model (SM).
Implementing the seesaw mechanism \cite{seesaw} in SUSY is also well motivated from the finite neutrino mass and the implications of the supersymmetric seesaw such as the lepton flavor violations and the dark matter constraints have been studied \cite{borzu,hisa,hisa2,casa3,casa,how4,baer2,Lav,el,bla,fre,hitoshi,gordy3,hints,de,dep,iba,barg1,hir,nucmssm,est,snu3,tao,barg2}. We in this paper pay particular attention to the suppression of the mass of left-handed stau doublet $(\tilde{\nu}_{\tau},\tilde{\tau}_L)$ due to the RGE (renormalization group equation) effects of an order unity neutrino Yukawa coupling in the type-I seesaw scheme and discuss its consequences on the inclusive tau signatures at LHC. The main result is a large number of 3 or more hadronic $\tau$ events.

Even though the tau identification and reconstruction are harder than
those of electron/muon, $\tau$ events can play an important role in probing the underlying theory beyond the SM.
Taus decay mostly hadronically ($\sim 65$ \%) in which about $50$\% result in one charged pion (single-prong decays) and the rest in three charged pions (three-prong decays) (plus neutral particles $\nu_{\tau}$ and
$\pi^0$'s), and their hadronic jets are characteristic for their high collimation and low multiplicity.
This is in contrast to the leptonic tau decays which involve two neutrinos and tend to give rise to relatively soft leptons ($e$, $\mu$), and it is hard to distinguish them from the primary leptons.
We in this paper consider only the dominant hadronic $\tau$ decays and taus hereafter refer to the hadronically decaying taus while leptons refer to $l=e,\mu$ distinguished from $\tau$.

The collider studies for the tau events in a light stau scenario have been discussed for the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model (CMSSM) in the context of
a large $\tan \beta$ or a non-vanishing $A_0$ \cite{nojidrees,bae2,drees,kao2,joe,james,matchepie,mat1,hinch2,mre,hinch,dark1,nonzeroA,nonzeroA2,bha,shafi,ara}. In CMSSM, the right-handed stau is typically lighter than the left-handed stau doublet and a large left-right mixing due to
the large $\tan \beta$ or $A_0$ helps the lighter stau mass eigenstate $\tilde{\tau}_1$ to have a smaller mass and more $SU(2)_L$ component.
In the seesaw scheme, however, a neutrino Yukawa coupling can suppress the mass of stau doublet (which can be even below the right-handed stau mass)
so that a light $\tilde{\tau}_1$ with a significant left-chiral component even without any left-right mixings can be easily achieved. This is essentially the reason for the enhancement of the tau signatures at LHC.

\S \ref{twomod} qualitatively outlines the difference between a conventional light
right-handed stau scenario in CMSSM and a light left-handed stau scenario in the constrained supersymmetric seesaw. We quantitatively discuss, in \S \ref{eg}, the effects of a large neutrino Yukawa coupling on the (3 and 4) tau signals at LHC for a few benchmark points in the sneutrino coannihilation \cite{nucmssm,snu3} and stau coannihilation regions  \cite{stau}. Fig.~\ref{brfigure} shows the enhancements (suppressions) of the branching ratios of the light chargino decay to $\tau$ ($e/\mu$) and
Fig.~\ref{number} shows the 3 tau event enhancements observable at LHC. The brief discussions for other channels ($2\tau+1l$,$1\tau+2l$ and $3l$ signals) in the seesaw scenario are given in \S\ref{dis} followed by the conclusion.

\section{Model}
\label{twomod}
\subsection{CMSSM}
\label{mod}
Before presenting the constrained supersymmetric seesaw scenarios which can naturally realize the light left-handed stau doublet, let us briefly review the CMSSM scenarios (often using a large $\tan \beta$) where the light stau is right-handed dominated for the comparison between these two scenarios.

In CMSSM or mSUGRA (minimal supergravity), the right-handed sleptons are typically lighter than the corresponding left-handed sleptons because the left-handed ones are pushed up from $SU(2)_L$ weak couplings in addition to U(1) hypercharge couplings in their renormalization group (RG) evolutions. Among the right-handed sleptons, $\tilde{\tau}_{R}$ is typically lighter than
$\tilde{e}_R/\tilde{\mu}_R$ because of the larger Yukawa coupling driving it down in the RG evolutions. Note the second lightest neutralino and the lightest chargino $\chi^0_2, \chi^{\pm}_1$ (which many SUSY cascade decays go through before reaching the lightest neutralino LSP) are typically the superaprtner of $SU(2)_L$ gauge boson $W^3,W^{\pm}$ in the CMSSM (as well as in
the seesaw model to be discussed). Hence the decays of $\chi^{\pm}_1,\chi^0_2$ into $\tilde{\tau}_1$ are expected to be suppressed when
$\tilde{\tau}_1$ is dominantly right-handed. For these reasons, $\tau$ signatures from the light stau have been often emphasized in the context of a large $\tan \beta$ which can increase the stau mass off-diagonal term for the large left-right mixings \cite{bae2,drees,kao2,joe,james,matchepie,mat1,hinch2,mre,hinch}. It also enhances the tau Yukawa coupling ($\propto \tan \beta$) to drive the stau mass lighter. A large $\tan \beta$ however affects other physical observables such as $Br(b \rightarrow s \gamma)$ and $Br(B_s\rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-)$ which tightly constrain the kinematically preferable small $m_0,m_{1/2}$ parameter regions.

These conventional pictures for the light stau totally change in the seesaw scenario and the small $m_0,m_{1/2}$ regions now open up which can lead to the enhanced tau events at a collider and also to the desired dark matter relic abundance.

\subsection{Constrained Supersymmetric Seesaw}
\label{model}
We here briefly outline the constrained supersymmetric seesaw model which can realize the light left-handed slepton doublet.
Seesaw mechanism is well motivated to explain a tiny neutrino mass, and we make a minimal extension of CMSSM by introducing a heavy right-handed neutrino whose superpotential reads
\ba
W=W_{CMSSM}+y_N N^c L H_u+\frac{1}{2}M_N N^c N^c
\ea
where $N$ is a right-handed neutrino with the mass $M_N$ and $y_N$ is a neutrino Yukawa coupling.
For simplicity, we consider one heavy right-handed neutrino in the third generation ignoring the flavor mixings and CP phases in the neutrino sector. Our model is `constrained' because we still keep the universal boundary conditions for the soft SUSY breaking terms such as the
scalar mass $m_N$ and the trilinear coupling $A_N$. The constrained seesaw model therefore has, in addition to the conventional CMSSM parameters
\ba
m_0,M_{1/2},A_0,\tan \beta,sign(\mu)
\ea
the neutrino mass parameters
\ba
M_N(Q_{GUT}),m_{\nu}(Q_{m_Z})
\ea
The heavy right-handed neutrino mass $M_N$ and the light neutrino mass $m_{\nu}$
are specified respectively at the GUT scale and at the Z boson mass scale $m_Z$ (we are interested in $M_N$ less than the grand unification (GUT) scale).

A right-handed neutrino decouples at $M_N$ which itself
runs from the GUT scale down to $M_{N}$. Below the energy scale $M_{N}$,
$N$ is integrated out and the effective Lagrangian includes the residual
higher order operators suppressed by $M_N$. Because we are interested in
 the value of $M_{N}$ relatively close to the GUT scale for an order unity $y_N$, those non-renormalizable operators
do not affect the mass spectrum at the low energy scale other than a left-handed neutrino mass which receives a dominant contribution from the dimension five operator
\ba
L_5  \ni -\kappa (L H_u)(L H_u)
\ea
We hence keep the RGE of $\kappa$ in our
full two-loop RGEs and $\kappa \langle H_u \rangle^2 $
is matched to $m_{\nu}(Q_{m_Z})$ \cite{ant,ant2}. Even though we numerically solve the full two-loop RGEs including the neutrino parameters, it would be instructive to list here the analytical form of the one-loop RGE for the tau slepton doublet
\ba
\frac{d}{dt}m_{L_3}^2&=&\frac{1}{16 \pi^2}\left(2 y_{\tau}^2X_{\tau}+2 y_N^2X_N-\frac65g_1^2 M_1^2-6g_2^2 M_2^2-\frac{3}{5}g_1^2 S\right)+... \label{rge1}
\ea
where the $y$'s are Yukawa couplings, $g$'s are gauge couplings,  $t=\log Q$ and
\ba
X_\tau&=&m_{L_3}^2 + m_{\tau_R}^2 + m_{H_d}^2 + A_\tau^2\\
X_N&=&m_{L_3}^2+m_{{N}}^2+m_{H_u}^2+A_N^2 \\
S&=&Tr(m_{ Q}^2 + m_{ D}^2 -2 m^2_{ U}
-m_{ L}^2 +m_{E}^2)
+ {m}^2_{H_u}-{m}^2_{H_d}
\ea
In the constrained seesaw as well as in CMSSM, $S=0$ at the GUT scale due to the universality of the soft scalar masses. Deviations from $S=0$ are due to the RGE evolutions at the two-loop level and hence $S$ does not play a significant role for our study.
We here can explicitly see that the neutrino Yukawa coupling can drive down the tau slepton doublet mass for a large $y_N^2 X_N$. A small $m_0$ would be preferable for the energy reach at LHC, and we choose in turn a large $A_0$ to obtain a large $X_N$. A byproduct of our preferring a large (negative) $A_0$ for a bigger effect of the neutrino Yukawa coupling is that a non-vanishing trilinear scalar parameter can also increase the Higgs mass due to the loop contributions of the lighter stop because of the left-right mixing in the
stop mass matrix. Choosing $A_0$ excessively large, however, causes the Higgs mass to decrease and also leads to tachyonic squark/slepton masses. In fact, the vanishing $A_0$ is often used in the study of CMSSM and the small $m_0,m_{1/2}$ regions are disfavored by the Higgs mass bound $m_h > 114~$GeV \cite{lepa}. Our choice of a relatively large $A_0$ alleviates
this problem and the energetically accessible $m_0,m_{1/2}$ parameter space now opens up.

We point out the left-handed stau doublet can even become lighter than the right-handed stau, so that the lighter stau mass eigenstate $\tilde{\tau}_1$, in contrast to CMSSM, can become left-handed dominated as shown in a concrete example in the next section (for instance in Fig.~\ref{rgefig}). In such a case, the interactions of $\tilde{\tau}_1$ can be increased by the
$SU(2)_L$ gauge interactions and it is natural to
expect the enhanced tau events via the light $\tilde{\nu}_{\tau}$ and $\tilde{\tau}_1$ coming from the decays of $\chi^0_2$ and $\chi^{\pm}_1$ which are typically wino-like. In contrast to CMSSM, a small $\tan \beta$ would be preferable to obtain the
light left-handed stau doublet because $y_N\propto \cot \beta$, which
also helps in keeping the $SU(2)_L$ nature of $\tilde{\tau}_1$ by suppressing the left-right mixings when the left-handed stau doublet becomes lighter than the right-handed stau. A small $\tan \beta$ is also advantageous to relax the other physical constrains such as $Br(B_s\rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-)$.

\section{Examples}
\label{eg}

\subsection{Model Points}

We here illustrate our discussions in the last sections more quantitatively for a few benchmark points. We, among the possible vast parameter sets, consider the parameter regions which can give
the thermal relic abundance of the neutralino LSP in the desired WMAP (95\% CL) range, $0.0975 <\Omega_{DM} h^2<0.1223$ \cite{wmap}. Among such cosmologically motivated parameter regions which now give the significantly reduced parameter space, the small $m_0,m_{1/2}$
would be preferred for their kinematical reach at LHC and we choose the
representative sets of parameters with the small $m_0,m_{1/2}$ for the sneutrino coannihilation regions \cite{nucmssm,snu3} where the tau sneutrino $\tilde{\nu}_{\tau}$ is NLSP and the stau coannihilation regions where the stau $\tilde{\tau}_1$ is NLSP \cite{stau}. Both sneutrino and stau coannihilation regions show up for the small $m_0,m_{1/2}$ with
the sneutrino coannihilation regions corresponding to the smaller $m_{1/2}$ and bigger $m_0$ than
those in the stau coannihilation regions. Note, if one uses a large $\tan \beta$ as commonly discussed in the previous literature on the light stau scenarios in CMSSM,
the small $m_0,m_{1/2}$ giving the desired thermal relic abundance are disfavored by, for instance, $Br(b \rightarrow s \gamma)$.

Table \ref{bench1} lists our choices of the parameters for which the collider events were generated by PYTHIA \cite{code2}.
Point A represents the sneutrino coannihilation regions where $y_N(Q_{GUT})\sim 1.8,y_N(M_N)\sim 1.5,M_N(Q_{GUT})=8 \times 10^{14},M_N(M_N)\sim 6\times 10^{14}~$GeV, and Point B is in the stau coannihilation regions where $y_N(Q_{GUT})\sim 1.5,y_N(M_N)\sim 1.3,M_N(Q_{GUT})=6 \times 10^{14},M_N(M_N)\sim 5 \times 10^{14}~$GeV. The corresponding mass spectra and the physical observables are given in Table \ref{massspec}.  The seesaw and CMSSM at each parameter set share the common conventional universal values $m_0,m_{1/2},A_0,\tan \beta, sign (\mu)$. The mass spectra were calculated by using the modified SUSPECT incorporating a heavy right-handed neutrino at the two loop level based on the descriptions in \S \ref{model} and the physical observables (the dark matter abundance $\Omega_{DM}h^2$, the branching ratios of $b \rightarrow s \gamma,B_s \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-$ and the deviation of the anomalous
magnetic moment of muon from SM prediction $a_{\mu}=(g-2)_{\mu}/2$) were calculated by MicrOMEGAs and the total
inclusive cross section $\sigma_{tot}$ from PYTHIA \cite{codes}. The total inclusive cross section is larger for Point A because of a small $m_{1/2}$ which reduces the gaugino masses (in particular the gluino mass) and also suppresses the RG evolutions of the sparticles by the gauge interactions.
For the
seesaw scenario which gives the desirable thermal relic abundance for these two benchmark points, we checked our choices of the parameters are consistent at the 3$\sigma$ level with the constraints coming from the $BR(b \to s \gamma)=(3.55\pm 0.24^{+0.12}_{-0.13})\times 10^{-4}$ \cite{bsg1,bmm}, the experimental upper bound $BR(B_s \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-)<4.7 \times 10^{-8}$ \cite{cdf,bmm} and $a_{\mu}=(g-2)_{\mu}/2=(30.2\pm 8.8)\times
10^{-10}$ \cite{g2}. The CMSSM cases at these benchmark points are studied for the purpose of the comparison with the seesaw scenario. We shall show the big enhancement in the tau signal events in the seesaw scenario compared with CMSSM.

Fig.~\ref{rgefig} shows the RG evolutions of the masses for these two benchmark mark points which illustrate our discussions in \S \ref{model} ($M_1,M_2,L_3$ in the figure represent respectively the first and second generation gauginos and stau doublet). Note the slepton doublet is affected by a neutrino Yukawa coupling at the one loop level while the other masses shown in this figure are affected at the two loop level (hence those mass differences between the seesaw and CMSSM are not visible in the figure). We can see the slepton doublet mass is driven down by
the neutrino Yukawa coupling $y_N$ from the GUT scale down to the right-handed neutrino mass scale $M_N$ at which the right-handed neutrino decouples.

\begin{table
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
 \hline
  & Point A  & Point B \\
   & (sneutrino coannihilation region) & (stau coannihilation region) \\ \hline
 $m_0$  & 180 GeV &  120 GeV \\ \hline
$m_{1/2}$ &  250 GeV  &  400 GeV \\ \hline
 $A_0$  & -900 GeV &  -900 GeV \\ \hline
$\tan \beta$ &  6.5  &  7 \\ \hline
 $sign(\mu)$  & 1 &  1 \\ \hline
$M_N(Q_{GUT})$ &  $8 \times 10^{14}~$GeV &  $6 \times 10^{14}~$GeV \\ \hline
 $m_{\nu}(Q_{m_Z})$  & 0.05 eV & 0.05 eV\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{The benchmark points for the sneutrino (Point A) and stau coannihilation (Point B) regions. $M_N$ and $m_{\nu}$ are the values specified at the GUT scale and at $m_Z$ respectively.}
\label{bench1}
\end{table}

\begin{table
\begin{minipage
{0.5\linewidth}\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
 \hline
 Point A & Seesaw & CMSSM \\ \hline
$\tilde{\tau}_1$ &  121 &  193 \\ \hline
 $\tilde{\tau}_2$  & 207 &  253 \\ \hline
$\tilde{\nu}_{\tau}$ &  106  &  236 \\ \hline
$\tilde{l}_l$ &  251  &  251 \\ \hline
 $\tilde{l}_R$  & 207 &  207 \\ \hline
$\tilde{\nu}_{l}$ &  239  &  239 \\ \hline
 ${\chi}^0_1$  & 99 &  99 \\ \hline
${\chi}^0_2$ &  191  &  190 \\ \hline
${\chi}^{\pm}_1$ & 191  &  190 \\ \hline
$h$ &  114  &  114 \\ \hline
$\tilde{t}_1$ &  259  &  175 \\ \hline
 $\tilde{b}_1$  & 498 &  480 \\ \hline
 $\tilde{g}$  & 611 &  611 \\ \hline
$\Omega_{DM}h^2$ &  0.099 &  0.40 \\ \hline
$Br(b \rightarrow s \gamma)$ & $2.9 \times 10^{-4}$ & $2.4 \times 10^{-4}$ \\ \hline
$Br(B_s \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-)$ & $3.1 \times 10^{-9}$ & $3.1 \times 10^{-9}$ \\ \hline
$ a_{\mu}$ &  $14 \times 10^{-10}$  & $14 \times 10^{-10}$  \\ \hline
 $\sigma_{tot}(pb)$  & 49 &  119 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\hspace{0.5cm}
\begin{minipage
{0.5\linewidth}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
 \hline
 Point B & Seesaw & CMSSM \\ \hline
$\tilde{\tau}_1$ &  171  &  180 \\ \hline
 $\tilde{\tau}_2$  & 232 &  297 \\ \hline
$\tilde{\nu}_{\tau}$ &  205  &  283 \\ \hline
$\tilde{l}_l$ &  297  &  296 \\ \hline
 $\tilde{l}_R$  & 195 &  195 \\ \hline
$\tilde{\nu}_{l}$ &  286  &  286 \\ \hline
 ${\chi}^0_1$  & 163 &  163 \\ \hline
${\chi}^0_2$ &  312  &  312 \\ \hline
${\chi}^{\pm}_1$ &  312  &  312 \\ \hline
$h$ &  116  &  116 \\ \hline
$\tilde{t}_1$ &  531  &  499 \\ \hline
 $\tilde{b}_1$  & 761 & 751 \\ \hline
 $\tilde{g}$  & 934 &  934 \\ \hline
$\Omega_{DM}h^2$ &  0.11  &  0.25 \\ \hline
$Br(b \rightarrow s \gamma)$ &$3.5 \times 10^{-4}$&$3.4\times 10^{-4}$ \\ \hline
$Br(B_s \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-)$ &$3.1 \times 10^{-9}$&$3.1 \times 10^{-9}$\\ \hline
$ a_{\mu}$ &  $11 \times 10^{-10}$&$ 11 \times 10^{-10}$ \\ \hline
 $\sigma_{tot}(pb)$  & 4.3  &  4.3 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\caption{The mass spectra (in GeV) and the physical observables at Points A (left) and B (right) corresponding to Table \ref{bench1}.
The seesaw and CMSSM at each point share the common conventional universal values $m_0,m_{1/2},A_0,\tan \beta, sign (\mu)$.}
\label{massspec}
\end{table}
            \begin{figure
             \centering
                 \includegraphics[width=0.47\textwidth]{oct11test1.eps}
                 \includegraphics[width=0.47\textwidth]{oct11test2.eps}
 \caption{RG evolutions of the right-handed stau, stau doublet and gaugino masses for our benchmark points A (left) and B (right). The mass differences between the seesaw and CMSSM for the right-handed stau and the gauginos are at the two-loop level and hence not visible in this figure.}
     \label{rgefig}
     \end{figure}
            \begin{figure
             \centering
                 \includegraphics[width=0.47\textwidth]{sneuMNvsMass.ps}
                 \includegraphics[width=0.47\textwidth]{stauMNvsMass.ps}
 \caption{The branching ratios and the dark matter (neutralino LSP) abundance as a function of the right-handed neutrino mass $M_N~$(GeV) for our benchmark points A (left) and B (right).}
     \label{brfigure}
     \end{figure}

Because many superparticle cascade decays go through the lightest chargino and the second lightest neutralino, the branching fractions of the $\chi^{\pm}_1,\chi^2_0$ play a significant role in determining the signals at LHC. Fig.~\ref{brfigure} shows the branching ratios of the lightest chargino into stau and slepton along with the neutralino dark matter abundance ${\Omega}_{DM}h^2$ as a function of the right-handed neutrino mass $M_N$ \footnote{A small $M_N$ limit essentially reproduces the CMSSM results because the neutrino Yukawa coupling becomes too small to affect the RG evolutions. Too large a $M_N$ beyond the range in this figure makes the neutrino Yukawa coupling too large and the
perturbative calculations could become unreliable (for instance the two loop part of the beta function of $y_N$ becomes roughly a quarter of their one loop contributions for $y_N /16 \pi^2\sim  1/10$) \cite{casa3,bm,nume}.}. For Point A, the decays of $\chi^0_2$ and $\chi^{\pm}_1$ into stau and selectron/smuon are kinematically prohibited in the small $M_N$ region. When the right-handed neutrino becomes heavy enough, however, a large neutrino Yukawa coupling can drive the stau doublet mass down enabling $\chi^0_2,\chi^{\pm}_1$ to decay into the stau and tau sneutrino. The effects of a neutrino Yukawa coupling is evident for Point A in Fig.~\ref{brfigure} to result in the essentially 100\% branching ratio of $\chi^+_1$ into $\tilde{\tau}_1$ and $\tilde{\nu}_{\tau}$.
For Point B, the decays of  $\chi_1^{\pm}$ and $\chi_2^0$ are slightly different, where their decay channels into all the stau/slepton species are kinematically allowed for both small and large $M_N$. In the right-panel of Fig.~\ref{brfigure}, for the sufficiently small $M_N$ (essentially CMSSM), the chargino decays into $\tilde{\tau}_1$ rather than into $\tilde{\tau}_2$ are preferred due to the available phase space while the chargino decays more preferentially into $\tilde{\nu}_{\tau}$ than into $\tilde{\tau}_1$ despite $m_{\tilde{\nu}_{\tau}}>m_{\tilde{\tau}_1}$. The latter occurs because the tau sneutrino is lighter than the left-handed stau due to the D-term contributions and the effects of the $SU(2)_L$ interactions can overcome the kinematic effects. Likewise, the chargino preferentially decays into $\tilde{\tau}_2$ rather than $\tilde{\tau}_1$ once $\tilde{\tau}_2$ becomes light enough for a bigger $M_N$ even if $\tilde{\tau}_2$ is still heavier than $\tilde{\tau}_1$. As $M_N$ increases even further, the $\tilde{\tau}_1$ obtains more left-handed component because of the mass suppression of the left-handed stau due to a large neutrino Yukawa coupling. Therefore the decay branching ratio into $\tilde{\tau}_1$ increases while that into $\tau_2$ decreases. The decay into sneutrino still dominates over that into stau for this stau coannihilation region point partly because the right-handed stau is still lighter than the
left-handed stau doublet as illustrated in Fig.~\ref{rgefig}. Note that, even though $\tilde{l}_R$ is lighter than $\tilde{l}_l$, the branching ratio into $\tilde{l}_R$ is negligible compared with $\tilde{l}_l$ because ${\chi}_1^{+}$-$\tilde{l}_R$ coupling is mainly via the small Higgsino component in the chargino. We also note that, because both $\chi^0_2$ and $\chi^+_1$ are
wino-like gauginos, the analogous arguments apply for the $\chi^0_2$ decays to result in the tau event enhancement.

\subsection{Tau Lepton Signatures at LHC}
\label{eve}
    \begin{figure}[t
        \centering
                   \includegraphics[width=0.47\textwidth]{number4b.eps}
                 \includegraphics[width=0.47\textwidth]{number5b.eps}
  \caption{The number of 3 hadronic tau signal events after the cuts as
a function of the right-handed neutrino mass $M_N~$(GeV) at the
integrated luminosity of $10 fb^{-1}$. The other parameters are same as those of Point A in Table \ref{bench1}. The sneutrino coannihilation region corresponds to $M_N\sim 8 \times 10^{14}~$GeV and the SM backgrounds are negligible with our cuts. Also shown on the right are the masses of the tau sneutrino, lighter stau, lightest chargino and lightest neutralino.}
  \label{number}
   \end{figure}
Given the above analysis, one can expect the enhanced tau events when the stau doublet is suppressed.
Let us now verify that such enhancements can be indeed detectable at a collider, most interestingly at the forthcoming LHC,
for our benchmark points by performing the simple event generations.
The events were generated by PYTHIA with the center of mass energy $\sqrt{s}=14~$TeV.
We are interested in the sneutrino and stau coannihilation regions in the
relatively small $m_0,m_{1/2}$ parameter space, and the light gluino and squarks ($\lesssim 1~$TeV)
are the dominant SUSY particle productions at LHC whose cascade decays lead to multiple jets
and missing energy. The events are selected by the following set of cuts
\begin{itemize}
\item
Four jets with $p_T>50~$GeV with the leading jet with $p_T>100~$GeV.
\item
The missing transverse energy $\not\!\! E_T$ is required to be
\ba
\not\!\! E_T > max(0.2 M_{eff},100~\mbox{GeV})
\ea
The effective mass $M_{eff}$ is defined as the sum of the missing transverse energy and the
transverse momenta of the four hardest jets.
\item
Leptons ($e,\mu$) are required to have $p_T>20~$GeV and $|\eta|<2.5$.
\item
 Hadronically decaying taus are required to have $p_T>20~$GeV and $|\eta|<2.5$. We choose the tau efficiency factor $\epsilon_{\tau}=0.4$ for definiteness.
\end{itemize}
 The leptons are
isolated by demanding no more than 10 GeV of the transverse energy should be present in a
cone with a size $R=0.2$ around the lepton. We assume for simplicity the isolated leptons are identified correctly. Jets are identified by a simple cone algorithm PYCELL subroutine of PYTHIA. The calorimeter cells with a uniform segmentation $\Delta \phi=0.1,\Delta \eta=0.1$ for $|\eta|<3$ were used and the cells
with more than 1 GeV were taken as a possible jet trigger. $R=0.4$ was used as a jet cone size and a cluster was accepted as a jet if the transverse energy sum is bigger than 20 GeV.

The identification of the hadronic taus heavily depends on the details of the detector performance \cite{aad,cms} and going through the detailed tau identification algorithms is beyond the scope of the paper. To demonstrate the potential significance of the multiple $\tau$ events, we estimate the number of the single-prong and three-prong tau events from the generator information instead of a crude
estimation by finding a collimated jet around a parent tau without a full detector simulation (i.e. we counted the number of taus before showering which eventually decayed (after showering) to 1 or 3 charged pions). Even though $\epsilon_{\tau}$ can well be bigger than $0.4$ at LHC, we choose a conservative value for a high jet rejection rate \cite{aad,cms}.  For the jet rejection factor (which depends on the jet $E_{T}$ and the tau tagging efficiency $\epsilon_{\tau}$), we use the following values: $300$ for $20<E_{T}<30$, $500$ for $30<E_{T}<60$, $1000$ for
$60<E_{T}<100$ and $3000$ for $100<E_{T}$ \cite{aad}. QCD jet events have large cross sections so that they are expected to be clarified by the actual testing of several identification/reconstruction algorithms on the first set (integrated luminosity of $\sim 100 pb^{-1}$) of the LHC data. Not to overestimate our tau signal estimations,
we recorded the fake taus from QCD jets only for the SM backgrounds and not for the SUSY signal events.

For the SM backgrounds, we generated the events for $ZZ,WZ,Z+$Jets$,WW,t\bar{t}$ and checked that they
are sufficiently reduced by our aforementioned cuts. We generated $28\times 10^7$ events for Z+$Jets$ and $10^7$ events for the other processes \footnote{These numbers of events correspond to the integrated luminosity of about $10 fb^{-1}$ for Z+$Jets$, $20 fb^{-1}$ for  $t\bar{t}$, $140 fb^{-1}$ for WW, $400 fb^{-1}$ for WZ and $1 pb^{-1}$ for ZZ.}. Because of our strong $\not\!\! E_T$ cut along with our tau tagging efficiency $\epsilon_{\tau}=0.4$ and consequently a decent jet rejection rate, we found these standard model backgrounds are negligible for 3 and 4 tau events at the integrated luminosity of our interest $\sim 10 fb^{-1}$. Even though the complete
background analysis including optimization of the cuts is beyond the scope of this paper, we indeed can verify the main goal of this paper in the following, namely, the big enhancements of the tau signals at LHC in the seesaw scenario even with these strong cuts. \footnote{The backgrounds from the heavy flavors such as
$Z b \bar{b}$ are also expected to be small because of the suppressions of tau events from a heavy flavor. Even though a more complete analysis for the SM backgrounds including QCD multi-jets is beyond the scope of this paper, we expect that our strong cuts would be sufficient not to affect our main results for the enhancement of the observable multiple ($\geq 3$) tau signals. For instance, multiple fake tau events from QCD processes would be adequately suppressed with our choices of the cuts and rejection rates \cite{aad}. We also note that some preliminary work shows the possibility for the
much better QCD jet rejection rates than our chosen values \cite{lai}.}

Let us now see the estimations of the tau signal events. The significant enhancements in the observable 3 and 4 tau events were indeed found. For Point A representing the sneutrino coannihilation regions, we found 138 3-$\tau$ events for the seesaw model and only 1 3-$\tau$ event for CMSSM at the integrated luminosity of $10 fb^{-1}$. Hence it can be inferred that such 3-$\tau$ events in the seesaw scenario can be discovered even at the integrated luminosity of order $1 fb^{-1}$. We also found 5 4-$\tau$ events at $25 fb^{-1}$ for the seesaw model at this benchmark point. This indicates that even 4-$\tau$ events, possibly by optimizing the cuts, could be within the kinematical reach at LHC to discover the deviations from the SM predictions. The left-panel of Fig.~\ref{number} shows the enhancement of 3-$\tau$ events
as a function of the right-handed neutrino mass $M_N$. The non-monotonic behavior of the number of events for a large $M_N$ region (say $M_N \gtrsim 3\times 10^{14}~$GeV) is partly because of the relative mass differences among the light chargino/neutralino and the stau doublet (shown in the right panel) which affect the number of taus passing the cuts.
We can see $3 \tau + 1 l ~(l=e \mbox{ or }\mu)$ signals could also be within the discovery reach at LHC while the dominant fraction of the 3 tau events include no lepton which are also clean signals.

Even though Point B has the smaller inclusive cross section because of a larger $m_{1/2}$ and a large branching ratios of charginos and neutralinos into taus even in CMSSM, we indeed found the expected enhancement giving 9 and 24 3-$\tau$ events in the seesaw model respectively at the integrated luminosity of $10 fb^{-1}$ and $20fb^{-1}$ compared with 5 and 8 3-$\tau$ events for the CMSSM.

Such enhancement of the tau events in a minimal extension of the CMSSM would greatly enlarge the parameter space which can be probed at LHC through $\tau$ signals.

\begin{table
\begin{minipage
{0.5\linewidth}\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
 \hline
 Point A & Seesaw & CMSSM \\ \hline
$3 {\tau} $ &  138 &  1 \\ \hline
$2 {\tau} +l$ &  521 &  5 \\ \hline
 $1 {\tau}+2l$  & 468 &  14 \\ \hline
 $ 3 l$  & 109 &  73 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\hspace{0.5cm}
\begin{minipage
{0.5\linewidth}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
 \hline
 Point B & Seesaw & CMSSM \\ \hline
$3 {\tau} $ &  9 &  5 \\ \hline
$2 {\tau} +l $ &  39  &  18 \\ \hline
 $1{\tau}+2l$  & 57 &  52 \\ \hline
 $3 l$  & 30 &  89 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\caption{The number of inclusive hadronic tau and lepton signal events at the integrated luminosity of $10 fb^{-1}$. The fake tau signal contributions are not included.}
\label{12tau}
\end{table}

\section{Discussion}
\label{dis}
Before concluding our discussions on the 3 and 4 tau signals at LHC in the seesaw scenario, let us give some comments on other tau channels. Even though we focused on the 3 or more hadronic tau events because they have not received due attention in the literature and hence they are the main results of our paper, the events with a smaller number of taus are also expected to be enhanced in a light stau doublet scenario. Those signals with 2 or less taus with leptons which can also give clean signatures at LHC have been studied extensively and we refer the readers to the existing literature for more details such as the discussions on the SM backgrounds \cite{nojidrees,bae2,drees,kao2,joe,james,matchepie,mat1,hinch2,mre,hinch,dark1,nonzeroA,nonzeroA2,bha}. We here just remark on those tau signal enhancements in the seesaw scenario at
our benchmark points which are shown in Table \ref{12tau}. The increase in the
hadronic tau signals in the seesaw scenario compared with CMSSM case is again verified here. For CMSSM, we find less signal events when the signals include more taus. This is reasonable because the effects of the small tau efficiency would suppress the signals
significantly unless the tau production processes are much larger than the lepton production processes.
For the seesaw scenario, because we are considering the benchmark points where the tau productions are significantly bigger than the lepton productions, $1\tau +2l$
signals can be bigger than $3 l$ signals. As the signals include more taus, however, the signal suppressions due to the small tau tagging efficiency become more important to cancel off the effects by the tau production enhancement. This is reflected in the decline of the signals with more than 2 taus in Point A and more than 1 tau in Point B. We also note that tri-lepton events are indeed suppressed for the seesaw scenario compared
with CMSSM case at Point B, while the increase of tri-lepton signals for Point A in the seesaw scenario is partly due to the leptons
from the tau decays.
\\
\\
We have studied the collider signatures of the light left-handed stau doublet due to a large neutrino Yukawa coupling in the type-I seesaw scheme. Due to their smaller masses and $SU(2)_L$ interactions, we showed that many tau events can be expected at LHC in the regions with relatively small $m_0,m_{1/2}$. In particular, we showed the signals with $3$ or more taus $+$ jets can be observable at LHC with the integrated luminosity $1 \sim 30 fb^{-1}$ with negligible SM backgrounds. This has been demonstrated through the concrete parameter sets in the sneutrino and stau coannihilation regions with a relatively small $\tan \beta$. This is in contrast to the conventional light stau scenarios in the previous literature which use a large $\tan \beta$ to suppresses the stau mass by a large mixing in the stau mass matrix. The seesaw scenario can realize the light (left-handed) stau by the effects of RGE of the slepton doublet as a consequence of a large neutrino Yukawa coupling.

We also noted that the kinematically favorable small $m_0,m_{1/2}$ regions with the desirable thermal relic abundance are typically disfavored for a large $\tan \beta$ due to, for instance, the constraints from $Br(b \rightarrow s \gamma)$ (which is the case for both CMSSM and constrained seesaw scenario). Hence the realization of the light stau with a small $\tan \beta$ as we have discussed in the seesaw scenario would be of great interest for the kinematical reach of the search for new physics at LHC in the parameter space compatible with the thermal relic abundance indicated by WMAP. The enhancement of the tau signatures in a minimal extension of the CMSSM would greatly enlarge the parameter space which can be probed at LHC through tau signals.

While our main purpose was to give an exploratory survey of the potential significance of the tau events for a light left-handed stau scenario, more extensive event analysis including the full detector effects and the tau identification/reconstruction algorithms along with the thorough SM background estimation would deserve further studies. For instance, the properties of the gauginos and stau can be obtained by studying the di-tau invariant mass distribution and the energy distribution among tau decay products \cite{hinch2,hinch,dark1,dark2,noji2,nat,choi,gra,guc}. Even though the lepton search has been more often discussed than the tau search
partly because taus are harder to identify than electron/muons, tau physics would certainly extend the discovery potentials at LHC in conjunction with the conventional lepton event studies, and more importantly provide a unique way of probing the structure of the possible new physics.
\\
\\
We thank G. Kane, A. Pierce and J. Wells for the useful discussions. This work in part was supported by Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics and the Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Quick repair, bonding and laminating process. Hardens at low temperature and on wet surface.
Two-component epoxy system for structural bonding. Good adhesion on wet surface.
Filled resin casting system designed for shimming and sealing.


text:
Ex-Pakistani prime minister Nawaz Sharif arrested minutes after touchdown
FORMER Pakistani prime minister Nawaz Sharif and his daughter Maryam have been arrested, minutes after touching down in their homeland.
Gul Yousafzai
ReutersJuly 14, 201810:27am
Ex-Pakistani leader Nawaz Sharif daughter Maryam seen here siting together inside a plane. Source: AFPSource:AFP
OUSTED Pakistani prime minister Nawaz Sharif and his daughter Maryam, both facing lengthy prison terms, were arrested minutes after landing in the country on a mission to revitalise their flagging party ahead of a July 25 election.
Underscoring the tensions gripping Pakistan in the run-up to the poll, a suicide bomber had killed more than 100 people at an election rally a few hours earlier, in the deadliest such attack in the country in more than three years.
"I'm aware of the fact that I'll be jailed, but it's a very small price to pay for the great mission to save the sanctity of the vote in Pakistan," Mr Sharif told Reuters on board the plane minutes before touching down in the central city of Lahore.
Pakistani ex-premier Nawaz Sharif and his daughter Maryam seated together. Source: AFPSource:AFP
Uniformed men escorted the Sharifs, who were sentenced in absentia on corruption charges last week, off the commercial flight, and a spokesman for their Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) party confirmed they were arrested soon afterwards.
Their return represents a high-stakes gamble, but could shake up an election race driven by accusations Pakistan's powerful military is working behind the scenes to skew the contest in favour of ex-cricket hero Imran Khan. He describes Mr Sharif as a "criminal" who deserves no support.
Mourners take bombing relative for burial in Quetta, Pakistan. Picture: Arshad ButtSource:AP
Clashes broke out on Friday evening at the main highway entry point to Lahore between pro-Sharif protesters and police who had been deployed in their thousands, a Reuters witness said. There were no immediate reports of injuries.
The security situation has improved in recent years in nuclear-armed Pakistan, but the substantial threat still posed by militants was starkly illustrated by the attack on an election rally of a regional party in Baluchistan province, in southwestern Pakistan, which killed 128 people.
People hold an injured supporter of former prime minister Nawaz Sharif after a clash with police in Lahore, Pakistan. Source: AP PhotoSource:AP
The bombing was the third incident of election-related violence this week.
After their arrest at the airport in Lahore, Mr Sharif and his daughter were immediately put on another plane and flown to the capital Islamabad, PML-N media co-ordinator Muhammad Mehdi said. Local media said they were then taken to Adiala jail in the nearby garrison town of Rawalpindi.
Their swift departure prevented PML-N workers staging a hero's welcome on the streets of Lahore, where Mr Sharif's brother, Shehbaz, led between 10,000 and 20,000 party supporters on a march in defiance off a citywide ban on public gatherings ordered by the caretaker government that took over in June, as Pakistan's constitution requires in the lead-in to an election.
Hospital staff treat people injured in a bomb blast at a hospital in Quetta, Pakistan. Source: AP PhotoSource:AP
Pakistan's third major political movement, the Pakistan Peoples Party, joined the criticism of the crackdown, with its prime ministerial candidate Bilawal Bhutto Zardari questioning why Mr Sharif's supporters would be prevented from gathering.
"Why is Lahore under siege? Right to peaceful protest is fundamental for democracy," tweeted Bhutto Zardari, the son of two-time prime minister Benazir Bhutto, who was assassinated at a political rally in 2007.
The country's media regulator warned local news channels to abstain from airing statements "by political leadership containing defamatory and derogatory content targeting various state institutions specifically judiciary and armed forces", the regulator said in a statement.
trending in world
MORE IN asia
People paid to publicly shame 'bad dressers'
Man feared to have new virus gets results
Aussies given warning over deadly virus
Facebook's vulgar China insult
Aussie's nightmare 45 days in jail
Facebook smears Xi with foul name
Hong Kong rally ends in violence
Mysterious new Chinese virus spreads

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Henry VI, part one; dir. Henry Woronicz for the Utah Shakespeare Festival, Cedar City, Utah, 2018History
David Hartwig
Henry VI, part one; directed by Henry Woronicz for the Utah Shakespeare Festival, Cedar City, Utah, 8 Aug. 2018.
Reviewed by David W. Hartwig
Tracie Lane (left) as Joan de Pucelle and Geoffrey Kent as Lord Talbot in the Utah Shakespeare Festival's 2018 production of Henry VI Part One. (Photo by Karl Hugh. Copyright Utah Shakespeare Festival 2018.)
As part of its effort to "complete the canon," which began in 2011, the Utah Shakespeare Festival began the Wars of the Roses cycle this season with Henry VI, part one. The production was fast-paced (running-time of just over two hours) and exciting, with strong performances from several of the principal actors, and a design strategy that was both aesthetically pleasing and occasionally jarring for the audience.
Apollo Mark Weaver's set design effectively called to mind the late-medieval setting of the play. The Engelstad Theatre's stage (an open-air, pseudo-Elizabethan reconstruction) was adorned with dark wood panels. The vast stage had a small raised platform at its center, which was mechanized to move back into the discovery space under the balcony at certain points. Hanging from the rear wall of the balcony was a larger-than-life portrait of Henry V, whose death overshadowed the production effectively, and a tattered royal banner. Lauren T. Roark's costume design complemented the set with its mix of medieval armor and courtly attire.
Despite the elegiac tone of the opening scene, the actors maintained a break-neck pace. While appreciated by this reviewer, those in the audience who were unfamiliar with the play may have found it difficult to follow.
At the first "alarum" in 1.2, the production's tone shifted drastically. The city walls of Orleans were signified by the balcony and enclosed discovery space. When the French attacked, the English forces streamed out of a doorway that opened onto the mainstage. At this point, the lighting (designed by Michael Pasquini) became decidedly non-naturalistic: strobes flashed, and the coloring turned a deep crimson. Simultaneously, modern rock-opera style music blared from the theatre's speakers (composed/designed by Joe Payne). The use of such modern music and lighting effects jarred with the medieval mise-en-scène that had been established. This may have been an effort to connect the distant world of the play with the audience. However, it accomplished something more akin to Brecht's verfremdungseffekt. This reviewer felt compelled to sit up and take note of the action onstage, but also uncomfortable with the fracturing of the production's aesthetic in a way that made it impossible to enjoy the spectacle of violence. At the intermission, I overheard several audience members complaining about the effect, but also raving about the play's "hero" Joan, which may have been exactly what the production team wanted.
Tracie Lane played Joan la Pucelle with a reckless abandon. Throughout the opening acts, Lane delivered her lines as if she were nearly out of breath. She had a manic energy onstage, and her chest heaved as she spoke as if in the midst of a holy orgasmic ecstasy. The performance was magnetic, and I could understand why the Dauphin (Ty Fanning) and the French nobles were drawn to Joan. She was more than a foil to Geoffrey Kent's Talbot, as is often the case in productions of 1 Henry VI, but became the focal point of the play. By contrast to Joan's buoyancy, Talbot often came across as overly jaded and dangerously narcissistic, highlighting perhaps the deeply-engrained misogyny of the play.
Just before the intermission, Joan's importance to this vision of the play was brought to the foreground. Lisa Wolpe, in an impressively varied performance, played Bedford (retitled as duchess and adorned with a long, white-gold braid of hair reminiscent of Daenerys Targaryen), Lady Lucy, and Pucelle's father. As Bedford, she died center stage in the midst of the raging battle in 3.2. At the same time, Lane appeared at the balcony railing above and delivered a rousing version of Joan's speeches from 3.3 that were cut together. The rock-opera music rose as Wolpe's Bedford was carried off-stage and Lane was backlit with red light as she raised her sword. This was the final image before the intermission, and was highly reminiscent of a 1970s rock icon giving a virtuoso performance before a stadium full of fans. While perhaps slightly over the top, the audience no longer had any doubt where the production's loyalties lie.
By contrast to the epic battles in France, the English scenes came across as group of spoiled children fighting over their toys. A. Bryan Humphrey's Winchester was sufficiently smarmy in his Machiavellian power-grabbing, and Dan Kremer's Gloucester played off him like a naïve Captain America. Jim Poulos's King Henry VI was clearly out of his depth at mediating between the factions, and the actor's apparent youth augmented this. As he doled out titles, banished traitors, and whimsically chose a rose to wear, he seemed more like a child playing king than an actual king. Perhaps the only England scene that humanized the historical conflict was 2.5, between Tarah Flanagan's cross-casted Mortimer and Michael Elich's Plantagenet. In a beard, heavy clothes, and long white wig, Flanagan brought gravitas to the part, and the scene served as a calm between the storms.
In all, the production seemed interested in raising Joan to heroic ranks, depicting the English as mostly incompetent fools, and resisting the propagandist underpinnings of the play. Unfortunately, the play's text is somewhat intractable, and the production did its best to maintain this ethos after the intermission, creating a tension between the script and the depictions on stage.
Talbot became far more human after the introduction of his son (played by Austin Glen Jacobs). When the bickering between York and Somerset negatively affected the war effort, Talbot was the gritty pragmatist doing what was necessary and ignoring the political squabbles of his homeland. In his final battle, staged as the alarum before 4.7, Talbot was alone center stage on the raised platform while fighting off the Dauphin, Joan, and the Duke of Burgundy (Henry A. McDaniel). It was a hero's death, in spite of the earlier impressions of the character.
Still resisting the text, Joan's abandonment by the spirits in 5.3 was played with Lane alone onstage. No spirits appeared to confirm the English view of her as a witch, nor the French view as a saint. A tight spotlight penned her in onstage, with the rest of the stage in total darkness. She had the look of a caged animal, and the picture created effectively foreshadowed her literal caging at the end of the play. In 5.4, Joan was enclosed in a wooden cell, her armor gone and her long hair shorn. The sack-cloth she wore was ripped, suggesting abuse at the hands of her capturers. This final image of Joan as fallen hero was enough to keep the audience's sympathies with her, especially as Suffolk's (John Innerst) machinations showed the English further descending into infantile disputes.
As the concluding image of the performance, King Henry VI and Margaret (Stephanie Lambourn) held hands and slowly walked the entire breadth of the stage. As they walked, Suffolk mounted the throne, which was on the raised dais and slid smoothly back into the discovery space. Simultaneously, battle scenes from earlier in the play were mimed in slow motion around them. The music rose to its zenith and red and white rose petals dropped from roof like snow all over the stage. This final image simultaneously looked back at the play that was, and forward at the conclusion of the Henry VI plays, which will be performed as a single play in USF's 2019 season.
The views expressed in this post are the author's own.
Reviewing Shakespeare is produced by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust and the University of Warwick to provide a searchable archive of independent reviews of worldwide Shakespearian performance.
Author: David Hartwig
View all posts by David Hartwig →
You are also subscribing to
#ReviewingShakespeare on Audioboo
#ReviewingShakespeare on Instagram


text:
And so it came to pass...
Chris Upton discovers how the Black Country got its name.
Chris Upton
A scene typical of the Black Country during industrialisation; think smoke belching into the sky day and night. Its hard to believe that close by are areas of outstanding natural beauty
Sign up to FREE email alerts from BusinessLive - Retail & Consumer - all the results, acquisitions and trends every FridayInvalid EmailSomething went wrong, please try again later.
Let me introduce you to the Reverend William Gresley.
Born in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, in 1801, Gresley attended Westminster School and then Christ Church, Oxford, graduating as Master of Arts in 1825.
A career in law was scuppered by poor eyesight, and instead he entered the church, cutting his teeth at Drayton Bassett, before moving to Lichfield as assistant curate at St Chad's, across the Stowe Pool.
In 1840 Gresley was appointed a prebendary of Lichfield Cathedral, and he remained in that post until 1851.
The prebendal stall was never going to occupy a great deal of his time, and Gresley took to writing. Over the course of the 1840s a series of novels, as well as a holy host of religious tracts, poured from his pen.
To call these books novels is perhaps a misnomer. What William Gresley was doing was using the narrative format to impart an uncompromising religious message, the message being that the Church of England was the highest ideal of Christian worship.
Had Gresley encountered an Evangelical or an Anglo-Catholic, he would have brandished these books in their face.
He was orthodox, conservative and belligerent; what in contemporary terms would be called a controversialist. Gresley could pick a fight in an empty vestry.
I can feel you not rushing out to read the Gresleyan oeuvre.
But let me name a few of the novels all the same. There was The Siege of Lichfield (1840), The Forest of Arden (1841), and Coniston Hall, Or, the Jacobites; An Historical Tale (1846), all part of an Anglican series of historical fables known as The Englishman's Library.
Gresley wrote six of the 31 volumes, together with two volumes of The Juvenile Englishman's Library, a simplified version for children.
So, I can hear you muttering, if Gresley's books are not worth reading, why mention them at all? There's a perfectly good answer to that, for which we have to move a few miles from Gresley's tranquil piece of Staffordshire to an altogether more crowded and industrialised part.
It has long been a topic of debate in the Black Country as to the earliest reference to the area by name. To anyone concerned with the history (and the future) of this corner of the South Staffordshire Coalfield – how we define it and what it means today – this is a crucial piece of information.
In most books on the subject you'll find the invention of the term attributed to one Elihu Burritt, the Americal Consul in Victorian Birmingham. In 1868 Burritt published a book entitled Walks in the Black Country and its Green Border-Land, a vivid and affectionate portrait of the area at its industrial zenith.
In fact, however, Burritt was by no means the first to use the phrase. Eight years before that, in 1860, William White refers to the Black Country by name in his work, All Round the Wrekin.
In all likelihood, the term "Black Country" was in common, though unofficial, parlance. It's just that we are limited to tracking down its appearance in print. All of which brings us back to Rev Gresley.
In 1846, as part of The Juvenile Englishman's Library, Gresley penned a short novel called Cotton Green: A Tale of the Black Country. At a stroke, then, we have turned the Black Country clock back a further 14 years.
Gresley's tale begins like this.
On the borders of the agricultural part of Staffordshire, and just before you enter that dismal region of mines and forges, commonly called "the Black Country", stands the pretty village of Oakthorpe, encompassed by gardens and green fields, with its old venerable church overtopping the group of neat cottages and houses...
You'll have noticed that Rev Gresley has managed to get the church into the very first sentence of the story, and it's never really out of the picture after that.
So, as Gresley puts it in 1846, the region was "commonly called the Black Country", as we suspected.
But common usage did not find its way into contemporary directories and guidebooks. To the compilers of trade manuals it was simply the "Staffordshire Mining District" or "Dudley and its environs". The term "Black Country" was a poetic expression, an imprecise description of a land full of coal-pits and iron furnaces.
It was not official parlance until well into the 20th century, and not included in Ordnance Survey maps until very recently indeed.
What also seems to me significant about these early references is that the Black Country is always juxtaposed with its green surroundings. The area becomes black by contrast with what is next door to it. You could call it the one half of a binary double.
This is not the only double that Gresley introduces, and which also became part of Black Country currency. Both Gresley and Burritt and others describe a landscape which was "black by day and red by night", blackened by the smoke and lit up by the furnaces.
And so, in the eyes of contemporary visitors, the Black Country becomes the polar opposite of what life should be. When it should have been green, it was black, and when it should be black, it was red.
Minor writer though he undoubtedly was, William Gresley introduced a way of looking at the Black Country, and giving it a name, that remained fixed for the next hundred years and more.
Dragons' Den success Super U smashes crowdfund £550,000 target before launch to public
Dragons DenThe Gateshead superfoods firm took £200,000 worth of orders just on the night its founders appeared on Dragons' Den
Couple left early retirement to start Llandudno fashion shop - 32 years later they're calling it a day
FashionJanet and Paul Boyd started Sapphire International Fashion on Gloddaeth Street in 1990
Retail & High StreetMP writes to Wilko CEO and raises closures with Jacob Rees-Mogg in WestminsterWhile 'not a matter for government' the closure 'highlights the continuing threats to our high streets'
Amazon secures power from Co Antrim windfarm in first-of-its-kind NI deal with Ørsted
Retail & ConsumerThe Danish and US firms agreed the first utility-scale power purchase agreement ever signed in NI
Final unit opens at new Stoke-on-Trent drive-thru
West MidlandsAnd 12 new jobs have been created with the opening


Any other time, the sight of Bob Rachert taking a leisurely paddle in his kayak wouldn't raise an eyebrow, but this was no usual cruise. The Gladiola Avenue resident was floating on several inches of water covering his street Wednesday afternoon as gumball-sized raindrops fell.
For the third straight day, Volusia and Flagler counties were deluged by heavy precipitation that inundated roadways, flooded homes and businesses and generally made things miserable.
"Three more inches of rain and I am screwed," said Rachert, 49, who spent the morning moving furniture around his Holly Hill home in hopes of keeping it dry. "A lot more people haven't been so lucky."
From Monday through Wednesday night the National Weather Service said more than 13 inches of rain had fallen at Daytona Beach International Airport.
Even more rain has been reported in Flagler County. Emergency Management technician Bob Pickering said downtown Bunnell has received 19 inches since Sunday and Haw Creek, in extreme western Flagler, got 17 inches.
Other notable totals: 16 inches in Port Orange, 11 inches in DeLand and 7 in Ponce Inlet.
Southeast Volusia didn't escape either, as about 11 inches of rain flooded roadways and threatened some homes and businesses.
And more is on the horizon, weather officials said as scattered showers expected to blow in from the Atlantic Ocean overnight may form into heavy rain bands today.
The last three days of rain were blamed for flooding numerous homes and businesses Wednesday across Volusia and Flagler counties.
Shaun Perdue said he lay down for a nap about 1:30 p.m. when the water was still several feet from his Holly Hill residence.
"When I woke up and put my feet down, they were underwater. The whole street is underwater," said the Palm Avenue resident, leaving him wondering what to do next.
Other neighborhoods hit hard include Calle Grande in Ormond Beach, Caroline Street in Daytona Beach and off Sixth Street in Holly Hill.
Water was also reported entering the lower floors of Daytona Beach's Palm Cove Apartments, 886 S. Nova Road.
"We are doing everything we can, but it is coming in faster than we can stop it," said an apartment representative who didn't give her name.
Residences weren't the only structures affected. Parts of the Museum of Arts and Sciences in Daytona Beach were also inundated by the floodwaters.
Flooding was not the only storm-related condition causing problems.
Several homes in the Crane Lakes subdivision in Port Orange also were damaged overnight by high winds.
Resident Doris Schisler said she woke up just before 2 a.m. to hear strong winds outside. Moments later, she said the wind tore the roof off her lanai and tossed it about 300 yards into a Crane Lakes Boulevard neighbor's backyard.
"I used to have a nice big lanai. It's not a nice big lanai anymore," she said.
Another resident, Linda Stagel, said at least four homes were damaged, along with the subdivision's clubhouse.
In West Volusia, the brown water marks on homes, sometimes as high as below a window, left by August's floods from Tropical Storm Fay are still visible on Alexandria Woods Drive in the Glen Abbey subdivision in DeBary. But despite Wednesday's rain, the homes did not face an immediate threat from retention ponds that were filling up. On Stone Island, water levels were still low.
Other flood-prone areas in Deltona, Orange City, and in Osteen were also flood-free.
In Flagler County, parts of multiple major thoroughfares were closed for part or all the day in addition to numerous residential streets.
On Wednesday, State Road 100 in Bunnell saw all lanes closed for a four-block stretch near the post office. Several streets in downtown Bunnell, including those surrounding City Hall, also were underwater. On Flagler's coast, affected roads included Ocean Shore Boulevard, Flagler Avenue, Daytona Avenue and Palm Circle, officials said. Haw Creek, Little Haw Creek and Lake Disston overflowed their banks in western Flagler, causing some impassable roads.
Flagler County did not escape structural flooding as some homeowners reported water intrusion and water came into the Flagler Beach Library. A few businesses along S.R. 100 in Bunnell, including the area's free clinic, experienced interior flooding, Bunnell police said.
Heavy rains also disrupted some Volusia schools.
Students at Campbell Middle and Ormond Beach middle schools were moved to other campuses due to the heavy rains. Campbell youngsters went to Mainland High School, while those from Ormond Middle were moved to Seabreeze High School.
Wednesday night, school officials said Turie T. Small Elementary and Campbell Middle School will be closed today because of flooding near the schools.
Graduations on Wednesday for New Smyrna Beach High School and Mainland High School students at the Ocean Center were not affected, but classes at Bethune-Cookman University closed at 2 p.m. Wednesday. B-CU was expected to reopen this morning.
Flagler County school children experienced delays as they were released from classes Wednesday afternoon.
The Volusia County Sheriff's Office closed the Turnbull Bay Bridge on Wednesday night because of flooding in that area of New Smyrna Beach west of U.S. 1.
The bridge will reopen when the water recedes, a Volusia County sheriff's dispatch supervisor said.
Residents aren't expected to receive any relief from the precipitation as officials put today's rain chance at 70 percent.
"There's going to be more rain," said Scott Kelly, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Melbourne.
The nearly nonstop deluge has been generated by a low pressure system centered in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, forecasters said. The low, which grew out of a cold front that stalled across the state Monday, is pulling moist air out of the Atlantic and dragging it across the peninsula. The low also was responsible for the increasing winds, which gusted more than 30 mph in Daytona Beach, and a few severe storms.
While rain chances won't disappear this weekend -- a holiday since Memorial Day is Monday -- some relief is expected, Kelly said, as it drops to 40 percent.
-- Staff Writers Tony Briggs, John Bozzo, Patricio G. Balona, Julie Murphy and Heather Scofield contributed to this report.


Our effective and fun training approach focuses on building practical skills for everyday life. No walking in a circle!
Our team and our clients get it – spending time with dogs is the best part of our day. Share your success stories, get support for your challenges, and have a lot of laughs along the way.
Our experienced instructors absolutely love training and teaching. Our team includes two Certified Professional Dog Trainers, and collectively we have over five decades of experience helping clients and their dogs reach their goals. We train using easy to understand methods that are based on the most up-to-date research on how dogs learn. No rough stuff here. We believe in being nice to dogs and their people.
Our small class sizes mean you won't get lost in the crowd. Every dog and handler gets plenty of individual attention for optimal results. And our customer service is top notch.
Variety is the spice of life, and we have an incredible array of class topics to keep you and your dog entertained.


Top Quality Silver Color 32nd Degree Scottish Rite Freemason symbol (Masonic) Watch. Eye-catching dial design. Band: Silicone. Other Material: Synthetic and steel parts with silver tone coloring. Adjustable. One size fits most. Other similar watch styles in different colors and various bands available.


Posted on August 25, 2012	by Ray V.
Much of what we do at the funeral homes change on a regular basis. Some changes are driven by us and some by our customers.
One of the changes we have seen over the past few years is people selecting cremation for their self or family members. This changes the dynamic a bit as after the funeral, (if there is one), we used to go in procession to the cemetery for the "final" part of the funeral. Today we often take the remains to the crematory, perform the cremation and then make arrangements for a family member to come and take possession of the urn, (if it is not to be buried).
I suppose, even though we try to be sensitive, it can be a little awkward for family members to come to take the urn.
Thinking about it, I recalled that a few years ago, we started displaying the urn in a small, sitting room and ushered the family member into the room. They got to spend a few minutes alone and then they could take the urn and go home. For some unknown reason, we had stopped doing that…..until yesterday.
One of my regular, daily reads is the blog of a furniture craftsman from Maine. The blog is entitled Sippican Cottage and last week, they advertised discounted prices on some stock items. I clicked on the link and found a piece that would be perfect for our urn presentations….and shipping was free!
The stand arrived yesterday. (it was securely packaged in such a way that it would need to be run over by a truck to get damaged). It took longer to un-package the stand than it did to order it. I like attention to detail.
For those of you who are a little nervous, the urn in the picture is from inventory and is empty.
This is a beautiful piece and is perfect for the intended use. I am confidant that Greg will be proud to add another "use" (cremation urn stand) for his furniture catalogue.
This entry was posted in A New Use and tagged Aiken Bloggers, Aiken Funeral Home, Aiken SC, Cremation, Cremation furniture, cremation urn, furniture craftsman, George Funeral Home, George Funeral Home & Cremation Center., Ray Visotski, SC Cremation & Burial Society, Sippican Cottage, urn presentation, Veterans Funeral Care. Bookmark the permalink.
Win-Wins are always winners. Wonderful. E.


text:
package emr

//Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
//you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
//You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
//Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
//distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
//WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
//See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
//limitations under the License.
//
// Code generated by Alibaba Cloud SDK Code Generator.
// Changes may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if the code is regenerated.

import (
	"github.com/aliyun/alibaba-cloud-sdk-go/sdk/requests"
	"github.com/aliyun/alibaba-cloud-sdk-go/sdk/responses"
)

// CreateFlow invokes the emr.CreateFlow API synchronously
func (client *Client) CreateFlow(request *CreateFlowRequest) (response *CreateFlowResponse, err error) {
	response = CreateCreateFlowResponse()
	err = client.DoAction(request, response)
	return
}

// CreateFlowWithChan invokes the emr.CreateFlow API asynchronously
func (client *Client) CreateFlowWithChan(request *CreateFlowRequest) (<-chan *CreateFlowResponse, <-chan error) {
	responseChan := make(chan *CreateFlowResponse, 1)
	errChan := make(chan error, 1)
	err := client.AddAsyncTask(func() {
		defer close(responseChan)
		defer close(errChan)
		response, err := client.CreateFlow(request)
		if err != nil {
			errChan <- err
		} else {
			responseChan <- response
		}
	})
	if err != nil {
		errChan <- err
		close(responseChan)
		close(errChan)
	}
	return responseChan, errChan
}

// CreateFlowWithCallback invokes the emr.CreateFlow API asynchronously
func (client *Client) CreateFlowWithCallback(request *CreateFlowRequest, callback func(response *CreateFlowResponse, err error)) <-chan int {
	result := make(chan int, 1)
	err := client.AddAsyncTask(func() {
		var response *CreateFlowResponse
		var err error
		defer close(result)
		response, err = client.CreateFlow(request)
		callback(response, err)
		result <- 1
	})
	if err != nil {
		defer close(result)
		callback(nil, err)
		result <- 0
	}
	return result
}

// CreateFlowRequest is the request struct for api CreateFlow
type CreateFlowRequest struct {
	*requests.RpcRequest
	CronExpr                string           `position:"Query" name:"CronExpr"`
	Description             string           `position:"Query" name:"Description"`
	AlertUserGroupBizId     string           `position:"Query" name:"AlertUserGroupBizId"`
	Lifecycle               string           `position:"Query" name:"Lifecycle"`
	HostName                string           `position:"Query" name:"HostName"`
	CreateCluster           requests.Boolean `position:"Query" name:"CreateCluster"`
	EndSchedule             requests.Integer `position:"Query" name:"EndSchedule"`
	AlertConf               string           `position:"Query" name:"AlertConf"`
	ProjectId               string           `position:"Query" name:"ProjectId"`
	ParentFlowList          string           `position:"Query" name:"ParentFlowList"`
	LogArchiveLocation      string           `position:"Query" name:"LogArchiveLocation"`
	AlertDingDingGroupBizId string           `position:"Query" name:"AlertDingDingGroupBizId"`
	StartSchedule           requests.Integer `position:"Query" name:"StartSchedule"`
	ClusterId               string           `position:"Query" name:"ClusterId"`
	Application             string           `position:"Query" name:"Application"`
	Name                    string           `position:"Query" name:"Name"`
	Namespace               string           `position:"Query" name:"Namespace"`
	ParentCategory          string           `position:"Query" name:"ParentCategory"`
}

// CreateFlowResponse is the response struct for api CreateFlow
type CreateFlowResponse struct {
	*responses.BaseResponse
	RequestId string `json:"RequestId" xml:"RequestId"`
	Id        string `json:"Id" xml:"Id"`
}

// CreateCreateFlowRequest creates a request to invoke CreateFlow API
func CreateCreateFlowRequest() (request *CreateFlowRequest) {
	request = &CreateFlowRequest{
		RpcRequest: &requests.RpcRequest{},
	}
	request.InitWithApiInfo("Emr", "2016-04-08", "CreateFlow", "emr", "openAPI")
	request.Method = requests.POST
	return
}

// CreateCreateFlowResponse creates a response to parse from CreateFlow response
func CreateCreateFlowResponse() (response *CreateFlowResponse) {
	response = &CreateFlowResponse{
		BaseResponse: &responses.BaseResponse{},
	}
	return
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We have already published some Geographic Excel heat map templates on indzara.com. The primary purpose of the templates is to visualize data by geographical region. For example, we have country templates (India, United States, Canada, Australia) which allow visualizing data by state in that country. We have state templates (Tamil Nadu) which allow visualizing data by district in that state. There are also several options and settings that the user can customize to create the heat maps.
In this blog post, we will see some of the uses of our heat map templates for purposes other than visualizing state/district level data.
This is quite straight forward. We want to show the entire map in a single color and to be able to change the color.
Enter 1 as data value for all the districts.
In the data ranges table, enter only one range as shown. This means that all the districts with values from 1 will be shown in red color. Now, the entire map will be Red.
To change the color, change the red to another color from the drop down.
If I choose BLUE from the drop down, the map image changes to blue as shown below.
2. How to group districts together into regions?
Sometimes, we would want to group certain districts together in same color.
Enter data such that the districts in a group will have same value. For example, Northern districts are given 1, Central districts as 2, Eastern districts as 3, Western districts as 4 and Southern districts as 5.
In the Settings, choose Colour by Range scheme and then enter data ranges as shown below.
This will apply colors such that districts with 1 will be Blue color, 2 will be Green, 3 will be Yellow, 4 will be Pink and 5 will be Brown.
And the map will appear as below.
If we choose not to display District Names, then the map will appear as below.
You can, of course, change colors as needed.
First, we should make the entire map in one color. Enter 0 as data for all districts.
Let's remove the district names from display. Then, enter the data ranges as shown below.
Give the name of a district to your friend and ask to guess where that district is. For example, let's say Tiruchirappalli district.
Then, you can reveal the correct location by typing 1 as data for that one district.
The map will display the district of Tiruchirappalli in Gold color as that is the color we chose for data values from 1.
You can even play this by yourself. It will be a good learning tool.
You can also play the game in reverse if you are playing with a friend. You can first show one district location on map and then ask friend to guess the name.
It is a good tool to use in schools teaching the location of a district in the state.
If you have used the heat map templates in other interesting ways, please share in the comments section below.
We are in the process of developing the heat maps for all Indian states. We will release these states soon.
I am very much impressed by the Tamil Nadu filled in Map with basic manipulations. Is it possible for you to provide India state map with the menu and also India state and district wise map with menu like that of Tamil Nadu.
We might come up something similar very soon.


text:
(1) Wait for the market to decline more before putting cash to work, Jim Cramer says (https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/26/cramer-wait-for-market-to-decline-more-before-putting-cash-to-work.html)
CNBC's Jim Cramer on Tuesday told investors to wait for the market to retreat more before doing any buying.
"The stock market, in its entirety, is still too high, so we have to let the averages come in before putting more money to work," the "Mad Money" host said.
(2) Executive Interview:Nucor CEO says company's top priority is organic growth (https://www.cnbc.com/video/2022/07/26/nucor-ceo-says-companys-top-priority-is-organic-growth.html)
CNBC's Jim Cramer spoke with Nucor CEO Leon Topalian on Tuesday's episode of "Mad Money."
Ticker: NUE
(3) [No Video Clip] Jim Cramer likes these 9 stocks for protection against the strong U.S. dollar (https://www.cnbc.com/video/2022/07/26/jim-cramer-likes-these-9-stocks-for-protection-against-the-strong-us-dollar.html)
The "Mad Money" host gave investors a list of companies that earn most of their revenue domestically on Tuesday's episode of the show.
Ticker: Dollar General (DG) , Chipotle (CMG), Pioneer Natural Resources (PXD), Devon (DVN), Centene (CNC), Humana (HUM), CVS (CVS), T-Mobile (TMUS), Verizon (VZ)
(4) Executive Interview: Logitech CEO says customers will come back in the fall after first-quarter earnings miss (https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/26/logitech-ceo-says-customers-will-come-back-in-the-fall-after-first-quarter-earnings-miss.html)
Customers who are spending their summers traveling will come back to purchase tech equipment in the fall, Logitech CEO Bracken Darrell told CNBC's Jim Cramer on Tuesday.
"I think everybody's doing something this summer, so this is a period when people are out. Our gaming business is down, but I don't think that's terribly surprising," he said on "Mad Money."
Ticker: LOGI
(5) Cramer's lightning round: I like Blackstone over Apollo Global (https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/26/cramers-lightning-round-i-like-blackstone-over-apollo-global.html)
Diamond Offshore Drilling Inc: "I would prefer a … stock like Halliburton."
GSK Plc: "I favor Johnson & Johnson. … What's not to like?"
Tilray Brands Inc: "Those will cost you about $3, which is the price of the stock. But if you wait long enough, it'll only cost you $2."
Apollo Global Management Inc: "Let's go to Blackstone."
Hertz Global Holdings Inc: "Stay on Hertz. … I'm banking with [CEO Stephen] Scherr, not against Scherr."
Cheniere Energy Inc: "Buy, buy, buy it."
Ticker: DO, GSK, TLRY, APO, HTZ, LNG
(6) [No Video Clip] Jim Cramer gives his take on Walmart (https://www.cnbc.com/video/2022/07/26/jim-cramer-gives-his-take-on-walmart.html)
The "Mad Money" host explained his thoughts on Walmart after the company cut its outlook for the current quarter and full year.
Ticker: WMT
Other Stocks Discussed (calls with audience): Home Depot (HD), Tractor Supply (TSCO) [terrific; is one for me] Shopify (SHOP)


text:
ROCK for RESEARCH ~ CEDARS-SINAI REGENERATIVE MEDICINE INSTITUTE BOARD OF GOVERNORS ~ BENDHEIM FAMILY
What an amazing party at Lisa and Joshua Greer's estate.
Lydia Cornell with John Bendheim
https://giving.cedars-sinai.edu/bog/events/rfr/about
Lydia Cornell, Harrison Held
Posted by Fans and Friends of Lydia Cornell at 11:10 AM
ASSORTED PHOTOS FROM RED CARPET, GETTY IMAGES WIRE IMAGES, CELEBRITY PHOTO
RED CARPET ~ FACE FORWARD Helping victims of Domestic Violence at Comedy Store
AFI Best Actress nominee and People's Choice Award Lydia Cornell is best known as the star of the hit ABC series Too Close for Comfort as Emmy legend Ted Knight's daughter 'Sara'. Cornell has been invited to contribute her writings to The International Museum of Peace, which houses letters from Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Mother Teresa, Maya Angelou & Sir Edmund Hillary. Also seen on HBO's Curb Your Enthusiasm, Variety's Power of Comedy, and the Kelsey Grammer Comedy Hour. An international star of over 250 TV shows and films in 27 countries, Lydia received the Southern California Motion Picture Council's Golden Halo Lifetime Achievement Award in 2014. She directed the SAG film "It's My Decision" now on the film festival circuit, for which she was honored as Best Director by Los Angeles Movie Awards. One of TV's most popular sex symbols, she is now a writer, director, mother, comedienne, talk show host, women and children's advocate, teen mentor and inspirational public speaker. She has a book series due out in 2018. Her articles have appeared in PEOPLE, US, Herald de Paris; A&E Biography, Huffington Post, Editor & Publisher, Macon Daily, and Lone Star Icon.
Tonight is "Laughing It Forward" at the Comedy Store. Still time to buy your tickets. https://t.co/oYl8qWx0b7 #FaceForward #ComedyStore — w…
"Laugh It Forward" a comedy fundraising event to benefit Face Forward, Inc.
Face Forward's mission is to provide emotional support and reconstructive surgery for women, children and men who have been victims of Domestic Violence, Human Trafficking or any Cruel Acts of Crime. This is the 3rd Annual "Laugh It Forward" comedy show to raise funds to help Fac
BIT.LY/LAUGHITFWD
BREAKTHROUGHS IN QUANTUM PHYSICS
The rules of the quantum world — where everything is probabilistic, until observation fixes it — may be a lot less indefinite than we thought. A new experiment shows that liquids have properties that physicists once thought were confined to the quantum level. And this could be a big breakthrough.
Essentially, it could change how we understand the behavior of quantum particles, by revealing the kinds of waves that control their seemingly-chaotic movements. Over at Quanta, Natalie Wolchover has a terrific article explaining the fluid experiment, and why classical mechanics might shed some light on the quantum world.
Writes Wolchover:For nearly a century, "reality" has been a murky concept. The laws of quantum physics seem to suggest that particles spend much of their time in a ghostly state, lacking even basic properties such as a definite location and instead existing everywhere and nowhere at once. Only when a particle is measured does it suddenly materialize, appearing to pick its position as if by a roll of the dice.
This idea that nature is inherently probabilistic — that particles have no hard properties, only likelihoods, until they are observed — is directly implied by the standard equations of quantum mechanics. But now a set of surprising experiments with fluids has revived old skepticism about that worldview. The bizarre results are fueling interest in an almost forgotten version of quantum mechanics, one that never gave up the idea of a single, concrete reality.
The experiments involve an oil droplet that bounces along the surface of a liquid. The droplet gently sloshes the liquid with every bounce. At the same time, ripples from past bounces affect its course. The droplet's interaction with its own ripples, which form what's known as a pilot wave, causes it to exhibit behaviors previously thought to be peculiar to elementary particles — including behaviors seen as evidence that these particles are spread through space like waves, without any specific location, until they are measured.
Particles at the quantum scale seem to do things that human-scale objects do not do. They can tunnel through barriers, spontaneously arise or annihilate, and occupy discrete energy levels. This new body of research reveals that oil droplets, when guided by pilot waves, also exhibit these quantum-like features.
To some researchers, the experiments suggest that quantum objects are as definite as droplets, and that they too are guided by pilot waves — in this case, fluid-like undulations in space and time. These arguments have injected new life into a deterministic (as opposed to probabilistic) theory of the microscopic world first proposed, and rejected, at the birth of quantum mechanics.
"This is a classical system that exhibits behavior that people previously thought was exclusive to the quantum realm, and we can say why," said John Bush, a professor of applied mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who has led several recent bouncing-droplet experiments. "The more things we understand and can provide a physical rationale for, the more difficult it will be to defend the 'quantum mechanics is magic' perspective."
Read the rest at Quanta
RED CARPET ~ FACE FORWARD Helping victims of Domes...
ASSORTED PHOTOS FROM RED CARPET, GETTY IMAGES WIRE...
ROCK for RESEARCH ~ CEDARS-SINAI REGENERATIVE MEDI...


Background and aim. The incidence of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) is an important indicator of the quality of care. The behaviors associated with the prevention of infections are not only supported by rational knowledge or motivation, but are mediated by social, emotional and often stereotyped behaviors. The awarness of the good practices related to HAI, may be a factor. Other studies, identify how the perception of the problem in healthcare professionals is often influenced by a tendency towards an external Locus of Control: the patient, the family, the other wards, other care settings. The aim of this study is to investigate the perception of healthcare professionals. In particular they have been measured their awarness of the good practices, perceptions of the potential contamination level of some commonly used objects, knowledge about the management of invasive devices, Locus of Control. Method. A cross-sectional correlational design was utilized. An ad hoc questionnaire was interviewed by 222 health professionals nurses and physicians in a northern hospital of Italy. Results. The percentage of professionals who have attended training courses over the last 5 years was quite high, both for upgrades on HAI (78.7%) and Vascular Catheters (78.8%), while the percentage of professionals who updated on bladder catheterization (59.46%) was lower. The mean score of good practice awareness towards HAI (5.06), is high. The perception of the potential level of contamination of some devices had a mean ranging from 4.62 (for the drip) to 5.26 (for the door handle). The average value of the Locus of Control (43.54) indicates that participants demonstrated a value that is midway between External and Internal. The correlation test analysis revealed no significant relationships among professionals'age, knowledge about HAI, or infection related venus catheter. Also, results revealed that there were statistically significant positive relationships between professionals' Good Practices awareness about HAI , Knowledge, and Locus of Control. Conclusion. The study findings demonstrated that good practice awareness towards HAI among nurse and physician was good but not completely optimal. Findings revealed that knowledge toward HAI prevention and HAI related device prevention were not completely adequate. The educational courses, according to our correlational findings, should definitely take into account the psycho-social aspects of this phenomenon.


text:
Tyler Walker: Why Portsmouth move makes sense and the reasons behind Coventry's decision to let him leave on loan
BREAKING: Ex-Doncaster and Millwall striker John Marquis closing in on Portsmouth departure after talks with League One rivals Lincoln
SportFootballPortsmouth FCLatest Pompey News
Sunderland duo Lee Cattermole and Jack Ross determined to lift Checkatrade Trophy against Portsmouth at Wembley
Lee Cattermole and Jack Ross are urging Sunderland to take the chance to be crowned Checkatrade Trophy champions against Pompey on Sunday.
By Lewis.mason1
Friday, 29th March 2019, 9:59 am
Updated Friday, 29th March 2019, 2:06 pm
Sunderland skipper Lee Cattermole.
The Black Cats meet their League One promotion rivals at Wembley for the right to lift the trophy in the much-maligned competition.
But Sunderland captain Cattermole and boss Jack Ross view it as great occasion – and a day the club should saviour.
The 31-year-old Black Cats skipper has been on the losing side in two finals across his career.
Sports Mail special
The midfielder was part of Middlesbrough's Uefa Cup final defeat at the hands of Sevilla in 2006 and Sunderland's League Cup loss to Manchester City at Wembley five years ago.
But now he is eager to lift silverware with Sunderland for the first time in his career – insisting they have the quality to do so.
And Cattermole says walking out at Wembley against Pompey – in front of more than 80,000 – is a memory the squad will cherish.
He told the Sunderland Echo: 'Have a look on Sunday and see if it is a big game or not, that's all I'd say.
'There will be massive numbers there, great viewing for everyone, an unbelievable atmosphere and it will be tense but I believe we have the quality and maturity to win it.
'It is a big game, we deserve to be there, lets go and finish it off.
'To win at Wembley would be great, it would mean a lot to me and my family, I have a lot of people going down there.
'We are professional sportsmen and competitive and want to win the game, it would mean a hell of a lot.
'It is a special occasion and some people may never do it in their careers.'
Black Cats boss Ross echoed the views of Cattermole.
He's eager for Sunderland to take the chance to lift a trophy given the lack of opportunities for players at this level.
He told the Sunderland Echo: 'I respect people's views on the competition but this is a chance to achieve something, to go down in the history books of the club.
'Nobody can take that away from you and it is not something you should ever turn your nose up at and we have players and staff who have bought into that.
'You can have players who have terrific careers but never win anything.
'It is really hard to win a title and winning any cup competition you need a lot of things to fall your way.
'You don't get that many chances. I have been quite lucky in management so far, I have had the championship victory [in Scotland] but lost a cup final as well.
'To get to these occasions is enjoyable and you need to enjoy it as you never know what will happen for the rest of your career.'
Check out our Checkatrade Trophy special in SATURDAY's Sports Mail.
If you live outside the area or are unable to pick-up a copy, you can buy a copy by calling 033 0403 0066 which we'll then post out to you.


text:
Brexit: MPs unlikely to pass withdrawal agreement in vote tomorrow - as it happened
Rolling coverage of the day's political developments as they happen, including reaction to the latest Commons Brexit votes and to Theresa May's announcement that she will quit before next stage of negotiations with EU
EU in crisis mode as it plans for no deal
What could happen if May's deal is voted down again?
Lunchtime summary
Why May has replaced plans for MV3 with WA1 - Analysis
Flags put up by pro and anti-Brexit campaigners outside the Houses of Parliament. Photograph: Niklas Halle'n/AFP/Getty Images
Andrew Sparrow (earlier), Jedidajah Otte (later)
Thu 28 Mar 2019 18.17 EDT First published on Thu 28 Mar 2019 05.23 EDT
6.12pm EDT 18:12 Summary
4.53pm EDT 16:53 Jacob-Rees Mogg hints he would support Boris Johnson in leadership bid
2.02pm EDT 14:02 Why May has replaced plans for MV3 with WA1 - Analysis
1.16pm EDT 13:16 Text of motion being debated tomorrow
1.04pm EDT 13:04 MPs will debate motion tomorrow approving withdrawal agreement, Bercow announces
12.51pm EDT 12:51 Hunt depicts himself as pro-Brexit compassionate Conservative in pitch for leadership
12.00pm EDT 12:00 Bercow says he won't allow repeat vote on same Brexit deal motion just because support for it has increased
2.52pm EDT 14:52
My colleague Rajeev Syal has written an excellent, concise piece explaining the vote tomorrow and what it is all about. It's easy enough to digest alongside chips and a pint, promise.
Why are MPs going to vote on just the Brexit withdrawal agreement?
Updated at 7.10pm EDT
All eyes are now on how tomorrow's vote might pan out.
Yesterday it looked like there was practically no chance Theresa May's deal would pass at a third attempt, but that was before MPs were informed they were voting on the withdrawal agreement alone, which the government has cleverly "decoupled" from the political declaration to get it approved for a third vote by the Speaker, John Bercow, without having to reopen negotiations with the EU.
The DUP has already shouted their umpteenth "No!" into the room and won't be voting for the withdrawal agreement unless a miracle happens.
But apparently there is still potential in winning the some hardline Tory Brexiters from the ERG over.
This just in from Tom Newton-Dunn, political editor of the Sun:
Tom Newton Dunn (@tnewtondunn)
Another ERG switcher emerges - Crispin Blunt, who told the group's emotional meeting last night he'd back the deal.
Tom McTague, UK political correspondent for Politico, has written a long, very interesting explainer on the Brexit that was promised but currently seems undeliverable in a form that would please anybody, and the long-term repercussions of this scenario. Pardon his French.
Tom McTague (@TomMcTague)
The UK was supposed to be leaving the EU tomorrow. Here's why it's all gone to s***👇My long read on a long negotiation that risks poisoning British politics for years to come, with knock-on effects for the union, Ireland and the EU. Enjoy 🧨https://t.co/wZtPYdhB8G
Commenting on the government's latest manoeuvres, Chris Bryant MP, leading supporter of the People's Vote campaign, has issued the following statement:
Just when we thought the Brexit chaos could not get worse, we are now confronted by this appalling behaviour by the government. Parliament passed a law requiring the government to get the approval of the House of Commons for both the withdrawal agreement and the political declaration on our future relationship with the EU before Brexit could go ahead. Ministers are now flouting the spirit and perhaps the letter of that law.
They are now engaged in an anti-democratic sleight of hand to deny parliament the time needed to properly consider what form a final Brexit should take. Above all this is a legal manoeuvre designed to force its broken Brexit deal on our country and stop, at any cost, the British people having the final say on Brexit.
Tomorrow, questions about its legality and whether the House of Commons will stand for this disgraceful behaviour will be answered. But it is already crystal clear that the government is now acting in utter contempt for parliament and the principles of democracy itself.
There are bags of uncertainty about what will happen tomorrow in the House of Commons. Since there won't be any clarity regarding the exact date of Britain's departure from the European Union – should it happen at all – until after parliament's vote on May's withdrawal agreement tomorrow, (and it's entirely possible that we still won't know more after the vote), it is only understandable that some people are starting to get a tad concerned about that famous cliff-edge we've been talking about for the past three years.
ITV News has met people who have seriously started to stockpile – one family has even bought open date one-way Eurostar tickets out of here to be prepared for the worst-case scenario.
ITV News (@itvnews)
Is this Brexit stockpiling a necessary precaution or a step too far?@ITVTonight revisited ardent Leavers and Remainers to find out how they're preparing for Britain's departure.
Watch more on Brexit: The End Game - Tonight at 7.30pm on ITV.
Read More: https://t.co/9dgstw5c0u pic.twitter.com/7qq3BegzGJ
Jedidajah Otte
Hello everyone. I'm taking over from my colleague Andrew Sparrow, who has posted a summary of key developments as they currently stand that is about as clear as possible below.
Tomorrow is a big day – 29 March – the day the United Kingdom was originally meant to leave the EU. We know this is no longer happening, but what will happen instead remains a puzzle that still has various pieces missing.
On the upside, this is an excellent time to evacuate from this island and go on holiday, as my colleague Lisa O'Carroll, the Guardian Brexit correspondent, is pointing out in her latest piece.
No-deal Easter holiday bonanza as companies cut prices to Europe
Theresa May is now embarked on a new strategy to get her Brexit deal through the Commons. Her new strategy seems largely driven by the decision of John Bercow, the Speaker, to declare that he will rule out repeat votes on the same proposition (a ruling that he firmed up yesterday, and again today). The details of the new approach are complicated, and at this stage not all 100% clear, and some MPs are already questioning the legality of what she is trying to do. But this is what we know.
MPs will be asked to vote on motion tomorrow approving the withdrawal agreement (the long, legally-binding treaty covering the backstop, payments to the EU and citizens' rights), part of Theresa May's Brexit deal. MPs will not be asked to approve the second part of the deal – the political declaration, the much shorter text setting out plans for the future relationship. See 5.16pm for the text of the motion.
Ministers seem to have abandoned plans for MV3 - meaningful vote three - a vote which would have involved MPs being asked for the third time to approve the withdrawal agreement and the political declaration. Instead, if the government wins the debate tomorrow (WA1 – withdrawal agreement one) it plans to press ahead with a debate on the EU withdrawal agreement bill. This could be used to amend section 13 of the EU Withdrawal Act, which requires MPs to pass a resolution combining the withdrawal agreement and the political declaration for the withdrawal agreement to be ratified. (See 3.17pm for more details.) Labour MPs have questioned whether this is legal. Geoffrey Cox, the attorney general, has said what the government is doing is legal, and he has said he will give more details tomorrow when he opens the debate. (See 5.12pm.)
Labour has quashed speculation that splitting the meaningful vote will make it more likely to vote for the withdrawal agreement. Most of Labour's objections to May's deal relate to the political declaration, not the withdrawal agreement. But Sir Keir Starmer, the shadow Brexit secretary, explained today why the party would be voting against the withdrawal agreement. (See 1.51pm.)
Today's announcement confirms that Jeremy Corbyn was right when he said on Monday that his talks with Theresa May on Monday led him to believe she was planning a stand-alone vote on the withdrawal agreement. At the time Downing Street denied this.
May is holding the vote tomorrow because she wants to protect the article 50 extension until 22 May agreed by the EU. That is dependent on MPs voting for the withdrawal agreement by the end of tomorrow. But to win the vote she faces an uphill struggle – particularly since the DUP have just said they will vote against (see 6pm) – and if the vote is lost, then the UK will be heading for no-deal on 12 April – unless it revokes article 50, gets the EU to agree a long extension conditional on the UK holding European election, or passes the deal before 12 April and persuades the EU to agree another very short extension. (See 4.20pm.)
That's all from me for today.
My colleague Jedidajah Otte is now taking over.
DUP to vote against government on withdrawal agreement
Laura Kuenssberg (@bbclaurak)
For avoidance of doubt, DUP will vote against agreement tomorrow, party source says
Hilary Benn, the Labour chair of the Brexit committee, says if the motion were passed tomorrow, the UK would have an extension of article 50 until 22 May. But at that point the UK would not be able get a further extension. So does passing the motion preclude another extension?
John Bercow, the speaker, says he cannot rule on this. But Geoffrey Cox, the attorney general, will speak tomorrow, Bercow says.
Cox himself rises. He says he will address this point tomorrow.
This is what Andrea Leadsom said a moment ago when she was asked if the passing of the motion tomorrow would mean the UK would not be ratifying the withdrawal agreement. She replied:
No. What it would mean is that the withdrawal agreement bill would then be before this house.
Leadsom says if the motion is passed tomorrow, the government will move on to passing the EU withdrawal agreement bill. This implies that there would be no "meaningful vote three".
Oliver Letwin