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Restless on the Rhine? Quinctilius Varus and Countermarked Coinage from Kalkriese
When we imagine an ancient battlefield we envisage a landscape strewn with discarded weaponry and bones. However, battle sites also yield a wealth of numismatic evidence, which allow historians to speculate about the size, administration and movement of imperial forces.
Approximately 1500 Roman coins have been excavated from the soil of Kalkriese, where the German tribesman Arminius defeated three Roman legions led by the general Publius Quinctilius Varus in the Battle of Teutoberg Forest in AD 9 (Rost and Wilbers-Rost (2011) 119). This numismatic evidence has potential to shed light upon events at the Battle of the Teutoberg Forest, which is plagued by uncertainties ranging from the location that the battle itself to exactly how many men Varus had on the march and the administration of the imperial army in the early imperial period.
A wide range of imperial currency has been found. These coins include a small number of gold aurei and quinarii excavators believe fell from a single purse, and more than seven hundred silver coins, which played an important role as the 'vehicle' of military pay (Howgego (1985) 20). Alongside these precious metal coinages, large quantities of low-denomination bronze and copper coins have been uncovered. Legions used great quantities of bronze and copper coinage to make day-to-day transactions, and the important role of low-denomination coins to the military economy is demonstrated by the volume and unique character of copper issues found in Kalkriese. Most are imperial issues of the second 'Altar' series, which were produced by the mint at Lugdunum between AD 2-4. The proliferation of a particular series is striking, and invites speculation about the provision of currency to the legions in the early imperial period. Though the mechanisms through which imperial coins reached the army are uncertain, evidence of consignments of coinage being sent to legions can be found throughout the literary and material record and the prevalence of a single series suggests that similar processes have occurred here (Caesar BC 3, 103, 1; Robertson (1968) 61-6; Howgego (1985) 21).
This assemblage of copper coins is also distinguished by the high proportion countermarks, which appear upon 96% of issues (Berger 1996). During the imperial period, countermarks were not only applied to worn imperial coins or civic issues to make them acceptable to soldiers as pay or change, but were applied in order to systematically validate coins prior to their dissemination to the troops (Crawford (1985) 47). In the early years of Augustus' reign, the imperial titles IMP and AVG were used to identify legionary currency and to imbue them with clear allusions to imperial authority, as precursors to the legionary symbols or monograms that would come to be the customary countermarks applied to legionary currency. Three distinct countermarks appear upon the Lugdunum aes issues. Two, IMP (imperator) with the lituus symbol and AVC (Augustus) (shown below), are common imperial countermarks, which allude to Augustus and are quite ordinary symbols of imperial authority.
AVC countermark on an aes of Augustus from Lugdunum.
Varus' countermark as legate on the Rhine on an aes of
Augustus from Lugdunum.
The third countermark, however, appears to present an exception to this rule. It is the personal monogram of the general Publius Quinctilius Varus, who led forces on the Rhine as an imperial legate between AD 7-9. The countermark (shown above) contains the first three letters of the general's name, VAR, in ligature, within a rectangular stamp, and was certainly applied to imperial bronzes at some point during Varus' short tenure in Germany. This was not the first time Varus' name had appeared on coinage. Varus had issued civic bronzes with his portrait while a proconsul of Africa and consular governor in Syria, an activity mirrored by consuls Volusius Saturninus and Fabius Africanus in Africa and Fabius Maximus, Cornelius Scipio and Asinius Gallus in Asia Minor (RPC 1 4535; Howgego (1982) 10) (shown below). He also led a coin reform in Antioch, issuing civic bronze in 7/6 BC and silver tetradrachms in 6/5 BC, during which his countermark- VAR in ligature- was applied to issues from Laodiceia (Syria), Gabala and Chalcis sub Libano circulating alongside new issues (Howgego Cmk 658-9; Howgego (1985) 3 and 7). The similarity between the countermark placed upon Syrian issues and the countermark that appeared upon the western bronze issued to legions stationed in the Rhine is striking (Howgego (1985) 3). However, while the economic function of the countermark placed on Syrian coins is evident, whether the monogram applied to legionary currency in the Rhine fulfilled the same function is worthy of debate.
Varus' proconsular issue (RPC 4535).
Can we attribute an ulterior motive to Varus' use of his own name for the countermark? Although countermarks bearing the name and titulature of those in power were applied to bronze coins in legionary camps on the Rhine with regularity during the Julio-Claudian period, the events of the late Republic were evidence that the strong bonds of loyalty felt by soldiers for their commanding generals were encouraged and cemented through the distribution of pay and cash bonuses. Varus' monogram upon a piece of imperial coinage was a public statement of his role in the dissemination of payment and reward, and it is possible that it was used in place of IMP or AUG countermarks to encourage the personal loyalty of his legions.
Furthermore, the discovery of aes issues whose portraits of Augustus have been mysteriously disfigured by gouges and scratch-marks among the aes found at Kalkriese add a layer of uncertainty to the activities of Varus and the loyalty of his legions. Whether Roman legionaries or victorious Germans were the agents of this defacement is unknown. Though the first publication of these coins suggested that these slashes were administered by Roman troops dissatisfied with imperial authority (Berger (1996) 55), we should question whether soldiers would consider a silent act of disapproval worth the demonetisation of their coinage, and ask why they would carry defaced currency onto the battlefield, where a large portion has been found. Kemmers and Myberg suggest an alternative thesis- that the defacements were carried out by victorious Germans, who wished to destroy the image of the emperor on the obverse side and the image of the Altar at Lyon, where representatives from Gaul were required to pay annual obeisance to the cult of Roma and Augustus on the reverse (Kemmers and Myberg 98-99).
Though it is tempting to use the proliferation of Varus' monogram and the defacement of the emperor's image as evidence of shifting loyalties among Varus' legions prior to the Battle of Teutoberg Forest, we must not be too quick to condemn Varus through such circumstantial evidence. There is no proof that these disfigurements were carried out by Roman legionaries, nor any suggestion that Varus was cultivating the loyalty of his men (despite accusations of embezzlement levelled by Velleius (II 117). Indeed, consular governors were permitted to authorise the production of coinage and to issue coinage that contained their name and image during Augustus' reign. Varus, who already had proconsular coins and countermarked civic issues to his name when he assumed control of the legions on the Rhine, and had taken a strong interest in coinage and finance throughout his career, may have considered the act of countermarking his legionary coinage with a personal monogram a continuation of his early monetary activities. Without evidence to the contrary, we should consider his activities exemplary of the administrative freedom permitted to consuls and legates in the early years of the empire, rather than an attempt to court the loyalty of his legions. Though its seditious nature can be discarded, the precise character of Varus' countermark remains one of the many mysteries of the Battle of Teutoberg Forest.
This month's coin entry was written by Charlotte Mann, a Masters student at the University of Warwick with a strong interest in numismatics. She is currently investigating the impact of imperial presences upon the provincial coinages.
Amandry, M, Burnett, A and Ripolles, P (2005) Roman Provincial Coinage Volume 1 (London: British Museum Press).
Berger, F. (1996). Kalkriese 1: Die römische Fundmünzen. Mainz, Verlag Philipp von Zabern.
Berger, F. (2000). Die Münzen von Kalkriese. Neufunde und Ausblick. In Die Fundmünzen von Kalkriese und die frühkaiserzeitliche Münzprägung. Akten des wissenschaftlichen Symposions in Kalkriese, 15.-16. April 1999. ed. R. Wiegels. Möhnesee, Bibliopolis: 11-45.
Crawford, M. (1985). Coinage and Money under the Roman Republic. Berkley: University of California Press.
Howgego, C (1982) 'Coinage and Military Finance: the Imperial Bronze Coinage of the Augustan East' in The Numismatic Chronicle v142 (1963) 1-20.
Howgego, C (1985) Greek Imperial Countermarks: Studies in the Provincial Coinage of the Roman Empire (London: Royal Numismatic Society).
Kemmers, F. and N. Myrberg (2011). Rethinking numismatics. The Archaeology of Coins. Archaeological Dialogues 18: 87-108.
AVG countermark: © The Trustees of the British Museum (1925,1007.8)
VAR Countermark: Reproduced courtesy of Classical Numismatic Group Inc., (Electronic Auction 116, lot 194) (www.cngcoins.com)
Varus' proconsular issue: Reproduced courtesy of Classical Numismatic Group Inc., (Auction 93, lot 990) (www.cngcoins.com)
Clare Rowan : 01 Mar 2017 09:41 | Tags: Augustus Coin Of The Month Countermark Kalkriese Teutoberg Forest Varus | Comments (0) | Close comments | Report a problem
Disobedient Objects, Roman Coins and the Battle of Teutoberg Forest
US $1 bill, defaced by an ink stamp. From occupygeorge.com
Included the Disobedient Objects exhibition currently at the V & A are a series of defaced monetary items, including the US dollar bill above. As material representations of a particular ruling authority that permeate our daily lives, currencies are often used to express dissatisfaction with governmental authorities, or even rebellion. A similar practice also occured in the Roman Empire, when the vast majority of circulating coinage carried the portrait of the emperor, an image that had strong power and charisma. In Roman culture it was vitally important to be remembered after one's death through one's actions and monuments; to destroy a monument or a portrait, then, was to attack the person's very being. (This Roman practice of destroying or defacing an image, whether material or literary, is called damnatio memoriae in modern scholarship).
We find numerous instances of coin mutilation and defacement in the Roman world: coins being slashed, stabbed, subject to graffiti, cut and pierced. If there is no archaeological context, it is difficult to know the motivations behind these actions. In some instances, a coin would be mutilated before being given as an offering to a deity (ensuring that the coin could never again be used for 'profane' commercial transactions, it would always belong to the god or goddess). We do not know the motivations behind the mutilation of the coin below, for example, recently found in Hertfordshire in Britain, and registered on the Portable Antiquities Scheme. But a well-known and clear example of politically motivated currency mutilation can be found at the archaeological site of Kalkriese.
Mutilated Roman Coin. (PAS BH-57-3B8).
The site of Kalkriese was the site of a battle between Roman and German forces in the early first century AD. Though not universally accepted, many identify the site as the location of the Battle of Teutoberg Forest, in which the Roman general Varus was horribly defeated by the Germans in AD 9, losing several legions and cohorts. Amongst the finds on this ancient battlefield are numerous coins, with a large number of Augustan small bronze coins (called asses) from the mint at Lugdunum (Lyons). A significant proportion of these asses were defaced by stabbing, cuts or slashes. The original publication of these coins argued that these actions were performed by dissatisfied Roman troops (Berger). More recently, Kemmers and Myberg have suggested that the Germans may have been responsible: after defeating the Romans, the Germans then went on to deface one of the most potent symbols of Roman imperial power. Interpretation remains open, but the finds indicate that the coins must have been carried onto battlefield by the Romans. In this case it is perhaps unlikely that Roman troops were responsible for the mutilation - after the defacement the coins would no longer have been considered valid currency and there would be little reason for a Roman to be carrying them around, particularly into battle. The mutilation might thus have occured as part of the German post-battle victory celebrations.
For more on the defaced currrencies currently on display in London see this post. For the coins at Kalkriese see F. Berger, (1996). Kalkriese 1: Die römische Fundmünzen. Mainz; and F. Kemmers, F. and N. Myberg (2011). "Rethinking numismatics. The archaeology of coins." Archaeological Dialogues 18: 87-108.
Clare Rowan : 13 Aug 2014 17:24 | Tags: Augustus Augustus Bimillenium Battle Teutoberg Forest Coins In Focus Damnatio Memoriae Disobedient Objects Kalkriese Mutilation Varus | Comments (0) | Close comments | Report a problem
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David Orrick says Golden Dice Award justifies Merkur vision
Monday, February 20, 2017 Posted by Andy McCarron
Director of industry relations says 'we should continue to follow the path we are on'
David Orrick, the director of industry relations at Merkur Gaming, has dedicated the 'Golden Dice Award' he received this month to the rest of the team at the gaming giant.
The Golden Dice Award is decided by trade magazines 'European Casinos – The Elite' and 'Casinos de Latinoamérica' and awarded for a lifetime of achievement in the gaming industry.
Orrick commented: "It is a great honour to receive this award. For me and for the entire Merkur Gaming team, the 'Golden Dice' is an ultimate expression of appreciation and I receive it on behalf of the great team of professionals with whom I have the honour to work.
"This recognition is confirmation to me that we should continue to follow the path we are on and work constantly to further strengthen the company's position and reputation."
Orrick is a veteran of the entertainment industry with over 25 years of experience under his belt, with a professional network to match. For the past year, he has been director of industry relations at Merkur Gaming, the international sales brand of adp Gauselmann GmbH, where he joined from the NOVOMATIC Group, and he has been credited with improving the Merkur Gaming name and brand image.
His colleagues Athanasios 'Sakis' Isaakidis, chief executive, international, and Charles Hiten, chief executive of Merkur Gaming Americas, were keen to pay tribute: "David Orrick is one of the most networked people in our business and on both a professional and personal level is a true enrichment for the entire Gauselmann Group. He has more than earned the 'Golden Dice' in recognition of his life's work."
Totally Gaming says: David Orrick is very well known in the casino sector after almost a decade at the NOVOMATIC Group and before that as editor and journalist in the British gaming trade magazines that helped him cultivate a wide network of contacts. This award is recognition for the passion that he has shown for the industry in over that time.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Chiropsoides quadrigatus (urspr. Kombination Chiropsalmus quadrigatus) ist eine Art der Würfelquallen und gehört zur Familie der Chirodropidae. Es handelt sich allerdings um ein problematisches Taxon, da der Holotyp ein stark beschädigtes juveniles Exemplar ist. Einige spätere Beschreibungen, die auf diese Art bezogen wurden, stimmen nicht mit dem Holotypus überein, sodass in der Literatur und auch auf Websites mehrere unterschiedliche Arten als Chiropsalmus quadrigatus beschrieben und abgebildet sind.

Merkmale (Holotyp) und Geographisches Vorkommen
Am 18. November 1863 fing William Thallitzer eine Meduse rund zehn Meilen vor Rangoon, Myanmar (früher Burma) und brachte sie in das Zoologische Museum der Universität von Kopenhagen. 1880 beschrieb Ernst Haeckel das in Spiritus konservierte Exemplar als neue Art Chiropsalmus quadrigatus. Er fertigte leider keine Abbildung an. Der Holotyp befindet sich noch im Zoologischen Museum der Universität von Kopenhagen und wurde bereits mehrfach untersucht.

Der in Spiritus konservierte Holotyp ist juvenil und zudem in einem schlechten Zustand. Der Schirm der Meduse ist annähernd würfelförmig, knapp 52 mm hoch und hat einen Durchmesser von knapp 30 mm (50 mm hoch, 45 mm breit). Die Werte sind allerdings nicht sehr zuverlässig, da das Exemplar etwas geschrumpft ist. Auf der abgeflachten Exumbrella ist keine umlaufende aborale Furche ausgebildet. In den interradialen Bereichen der Exumbrella sind deutliche, dreiseitige Pfeilerstrukturen entwickelt. Nematocysten fehlen auf der Oberfläche der Exumbrella. Interradial setzen an den Ecken des würfelförmigen Schirmes vier Pedalien an, aus denen distal und unilateral (nur auf einer Seite) drei bis vier fingerförmige Fortsätze und (an den Spitzen der Finger ansetzende) Tentakel entspringen. Der distale Finger ist der längste, der proximale Finger der kürzeste. Die Tentakel sind dünn (Haeckel nahm 16 Tentakel an), etwas abgeflacht-bandförmig und an der Basis leicht verbreitert. Der Pedalienkanal ist über die gesamte Länge flach mit einer aufwärts zeigenden, dornförmigen Struktur in der Biegung der Pedalien (an der Basis) und mit einer kleinen Ausbeulung am proximalen Ende des längsten Pedalienkanales.

Die Rhopalien sitzen in flachen Gruben; sind kuppelförmig und leicht erhaben. Das Ostium ist an der Unterseite flach und an der Spitze w-förmig. Das Tier weist entweder keine Gastraltaschen auf oder sie hatten sich noch nicht ausgebildet. Eine kleine gelatinöse Kuppe in der perradialen Abschnitten ist jeweils vorhanden. Die Gonaden fehlen (und sind noch nicht entwickelt).

Unterschiede
Chiropsoides buitendijki von Java unterscheidet sich von Chiropsoides quadrigatus von Myanmar dadurch, dass der Hauptkanal der Pedialienkanäle eine Reihe von kleinen Ausbeulungen zwischen den Verzweigungen hat, bei Chiropsoides quadrigatus sitzen die Ausbeulungen an den Verzweigungen. Erstere Art hat fünf bis neun fingerartige Fortsätze an den Pedalien, bei Chiropsoides quadrigatus sind es drei bis vier. Allerdings ist zu beachten, dass der Holotyp von Chiropsoides quadrigatus ein juveniles Exemplar ist.

Taxonomie
Aufgrund von diesem einzigen, nicht ausgewachsenen Exemplar, das zudem in schlechtem Zustand ist, sowie aufgrund fehlender Bilder bzw. Abbildungen, fiel es bzw. fällt es Forschern nach wie vor schwer, diese Art mit Gewissheit zu bestimmen. Diese Unsicherheit führte dazu, dass einige im Indopazifik vorkommende Formen (fälschlicherweise) zu der Art Chiropsalmus quadrigatus gezählt wurden.

Alfred Mayer (1910) hat die Art nach Ernst Haeckel als Erster wieder beschrieben, basierend auf Beobachtungen an adulten und juvenilen Medusen aus den Philippinen. Diese Beschreibung wurde von den meisten Autoren als erweiterte Beschreibung der Art akzeptiert. Die philippinischen Funde und der von Myanmar stammende Holotyp sind jedoch nicht konspezifisch, d. h. sie gehören nicht zur selben Art.

Eine weitere Beschreibung von Chiropsalmus quadrigatus lieferte Gustav Stiasny im Jahre 1937 basierend auf einer Meduse aus dem Westindischen Ozean. Auch hier ist das beschriebene Exemplar nicht identisch mit Haeckel's Holotyp, und auch nicht mit dem Taxon, das Alfred Mayer beschrieben hatte. Gershwin bestimmte dieses Exemplar als Chironex sp.

Auch die Beschreibung von Chiropsalmus quadrigatus die Paul Lassenius Kramp in seinem Werk  Synopsis of the Medusae of the World publizierte, trifft nicht auf den Holotyp und damit diese Art zu.

Jack Barnes (1965 und 1966) beobachtete, dass zwei verschiedene Chiropsalmus-Arten sympatrisch in den Gewässern bei North Queensland vorkommen. Eine dieser Arten identifizierte er als Chiropsalmus quadrigatus. Allerdings wurde diese Identifizierung von Lisa-Ann Gershwin abgelehnt. Die als Chiropsalmus quadrigatus identifizierte Form wurde von ihr als neue Art Chiropsella bronzie beschrieben.

Chiropsalmus quadrigatus wurde von Lisa-Ann Gershwin in die Gattung Chiropsoides transferiert, da Chiropsalmus buitendijki Horst, 1907 aus den Gewässern vor Java (Indonesien), und Chiropsalmus quadrigatus Haeckel, 1880 von der Küste Myanmars wahrscheinlich congenerisch sind, d. h. zur selben Gattung gehören. Beide Arten haben die typischen unilateral verzweigenden Pedalien, eine ähnliche Anordnung der Gastraltaschen, der Pedalienkanäle und ähnliche abgeflachte Tentakel. Chiropsalmus buitendijki Horst, 1907 ist die Typusart der Gattung Chiropsoides Southcott, 1956. Bisher wurden nur diese beiden Arten zur Gattung Chiropsoides Southcott, 1956 gestellt.

Belege

Literatur
 Lisa-Ann Gershwin: Comments on Chiropsalmus (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Chirodropida): a preliminary revision of the Chiropsalmidae, with descriptions of two new genera and two new species. Zootaxa, 1231: 1-42, 2006 PDF (nur Abstract)

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Chiropsalmus quadrigatus (ist nicht mit der hier beschrieben Art identisch!)

Cubozoa
Würfelquallen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Website design and build for Oxford University Press.
Thanks for these Jack, I love all of them! I love the images you have picked.


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How smart working trumps hard work any day of the week.
I will always employ a lazy person as they find the quickest way to do something that most of us do the hard and long way.
They say youth is wasted on the young and people often lament about the decisions they made when they were younger and what they would tell their younger selves, however you are who you are today because of all those decisions.
"Screw all that hard work…I just want to be rich".
If I could go back in time I would tell myself to forget about how, just concentrate on wealth and the how will present itself.
Did you ever play one of those follow the lines to get to the result puzzles they have in the Sunday papers and quiz books? where there are multiple lines, so you follow each line systematically to get the result.
This was given as a test on an interview once and out of all the candidates we showed this to, only one got it right, as in they started from the prize first and moved outwards to see what the letter of the winning line was.
"Nobody said we had to do it the long way" The winning candidate said..
Lazy has changed meanings over the years, and now leans more towards quick problem solving and solution sales.
In the marketing arena; 'smart working' over hard working is ever so much more prevalent. If you can target your message to the right people, at the right time, with the correct and most meaningful message that is relevant and solves their issue, BINGO you have just saved yourselves months of work, and probably brought in some much needed revenue quicker than traditional methods.
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Your Brand is how the general public knows and feels about your business and do they trust you, if they do your job is a lot easier!
The size of your social networks is a key factor in success, if you have the average 200 people on Facebook, no Twitter account and you are not on LinkedIn yet, then posting a message on social media is hardly going to make people start banging on your door demanding to buy your product. It takes many years to build up a decent following on Social Media, more so if you are not a popular Music star or are on the Television every day.
We are also taught not to expect instant business from networking events, those pople who go with the idea of selling are usually shunned and it never works for them, you have to go with an altruistic attitude and help find solutions for you network first, then by reciprocation you get business in return, this can take months as well.
Cold calling does not work in any real sense anymore, it is a practice doomed to the 1980's and to the people who got insanely rich with a spiel and a tenacious hard nosed attitude.If you have a client list already then maybe you can make that work for you.
Meeting people face to face is still effective but only if you have found the potential client through the internet or was a referral.
The lazy and smart business person will leverage someone else's network and advertise to their people, will spend some cash on Facebook ads and Google advertising to get to the first page quickly, they will also educate themselves on how to get to the right people quickly and get much needed turnover for their business.
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In addition to the duo you can now enjoy the 4-piece sounds of "The Broken Hipsters". Dan & Mike are joined by Dave Torretta (Fairchild) on bass/vocals and Mark Rogers (Heaters) on drums/vocals to add a new dimension to the sound and more bounce to the beat. Watch a video of the Broken Hipsters in action.
Check out our calendar and come see us sometime!


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The first time I ever saw a Shiba Inu was when I was visiting a local kennel to buy one of my English Jack Russell puppies. What an eye-catching dog! At the time I never dreamed that I one day would own one of these fascinating little dogs. About a year later the kennel owner asked me if I would like to purchase her kennel of Jacks, which I did. The Shibas were included in the deal. One of the female shibas was already bred, and with that first litter of pups I was hooked!
While at a local dog show I saw "show" Shibas that absolutely took my breath away. While there I had the opportunity to meet two wonderful breeders and watch them show their dogs. I was so taken with the beauty and movement of the Shibas! Over the years I have been very fortunate and have been able to add to my lovely kennel of Shibas some quality stock with champion show pedigrees. The puppies we produce are a testament to the quality of the bloodlines we have.
We are always striving to improve our lines with every Shiba Inu puppy in every litter we produce. We want to offer our adoptive families that perfect puppy that will grow into that perfect pet both in temperament and conformation. We offer black and tan, red, red sesame, and cream Shiba puppies. We are your premier Shiba Inu breeder in Idaho with 16 years of experience.
Drop us a line! We have questions below created for you to share with us! Please include your address, phone number, and email address. 1. What makes you interested in this breed? 2. Is this your first dog? 3. Where will your new puppy live? 4. Do you own or rent your home? 5. Do you have a fenced yard? 6. Do you have any other pets? 7. Do you have children? If yes please list ages. 8. Are you looking for a male or female puppy? 9. Who will primarily care for your new puppy 10. Anything else you would like to include about you/your family on this application?
Thank you for sharing our family with us!
Sunday: Closed unless other arrangements are made and confirmed.
Copyright © 2019 Firefox Shiba Inus - All Rights Reserved.


text:
From The KimStim Collection
Jeannette: The Childhood of Joan of Arc
A film by Bruno Dumont
Available on Blu-Ray and DVD!
In the midst of the Hundred Years' War, the young Jeannette, at the still tender age of 8, looks after her sheep in the small village of Domremy.
One day, she tells her friend Hauviette how she cannot bear to see the suffering caused by the English. Madame Gervaise, a nun, tries to reason with the young girl, but Jeannette is ready to take up arms for the salvation of souls and the liberation of the Kingdom of France. Carried by her faith, she will become Joan of Arc.
" 'Jeannette,' is a visionary embodiment of continuity —a fusion of spiritual exaltation, physical fury, defiance of authority, and political revolt." — Richard Brody, The New Yorker
"Eccentric, entrancing... as bold as it is lively and sweet... an enchanting fairy tale." — Artforum
"Weird, wild... achieves an audacity that even the most traditional cinephiles should find hard to ignore." — Village Voice
"Dumont set out to smash the conventions of Joan's tale, and does so brilliantly!" — Jewish Currents
"Sublime!" — EyeforFilm
"Dumont shows us the incongruity between girlish impetuousness -- a petulant if precocious devotion to her cause -- and the genuine rage at her nation's destruction which will serve as her hallmark." — Letterboxd
"Bruno Dumont's new feature Jeannette, l'enfance de Jeanne d'Arc marks an unexpected and near-perfect synthesis of the French iconoclast's many disparate interests and obsessions." — Jordan Cronk, Cinema Scope
"One of the true UFOs I have encountered in my ten years of Cannes attendance. So aberrant and ruthless is its pursuit of new forms of poetry, luminance and madness that it can be (and very much has been) confused for cretinism itself." — Filmmaker
"Jeannette is worth checking out: it is different [and] different is good." — 1More Film Blog
"Beautifully shot... makes a historic figure very accessible and will encourage many young viewers to read more about Joan of Arc." — Unreal TV
Cannes International Film Festival, Director's Fortnight
Transylvania International Film Festival
Moscow International Film Festival
Karlovy Vary International Film Festival
New Horizons Film Festival, Poland
Rendez-Vous with French Cinema
SXSW Film Festival
French / English subtitles
Home use Blu-Ray: $34.95
Icarus, KimStim, KimStim Collection, France, Joan of Arc, Blu-ray Discs
Decasia + Light Is Calling
A legendary cinematic exploration of the beauty of decaying archival footage by experimental film artist Bill Morrison. Music by Michael Gordon.
Time Regained
Raúl Ruiz's most ambitious literary adaptation and considered his greatest cinematic achievement.
A spectacular visual essay composed of epic tableaus, a haunting vision of our modern food industry, and the methods and technology utilized for mass production.


Un pezzo meraviglioso e unico nel suo genere, plissettata e con questa fantasia al suo interno, un connubio perfetto con la mia nuova borsa L'Aura. Era da un pezzo che la desideravo, ed esattamente qualche giorno fa l'ho fatta recapitare a casa tutta bella impacchettata. Che ve ne pare di questi due miei nuovi acquisti?
Un look con richiami sul viola, un colore che io diciamo non amo particolarmente ( per non dire che odio), ma che su questi due pezzi mi ha lasciata a bocca aperta….
Le scarpe Lola Cruz e il bomber Jijil non sono stati scelti a caso, ma sono stati studiati nel dettaglio. Avendo una gonna lunga ed eccentrica, l'unico modo per far notare anche la scarpa era quello di metterci qualcosa che risaltasse insieme, e quale cosa migliore se non le borchie? Mentre per quanto riguarda la felpa, ho scelto questa perchè più corta e anonima rispetto al resto del look.
A dire il vero, un outfit come questo lo troverei adatto anche ad una cerimonia o evento, quindi per voi che leggete eccovi un consiglio.
Vi aspetto al prossimo post, in cui vi mostrerò tante borse meravigliose e…chissà se non trovate qualche idea regalo per i vostri cari o per voi stesse.
Good afternoon readers, today a look Super. As I have said and shown on various social, Saturday night I was at a birthday of one of my little cousin, I care very much. And what best chance to wear my new skirt Manila Grace? A wonderful piece and unique, pleated and with this fantasy at its core, a perfect union with my new bag L'Aura. It was a long time that I wanted, and just a few days ago I did deliver at home all packed. What do you think of these two of my new purchases?
The Lola Cruz shoes and the Jijil bomber were not chosen at random, but have been studied in detail. Having a long skirt and eccentric, the only way to point out also the shoe was to put together something to stand out, and what is best of the studs? While as regards to the sweatshirt, I chose this because it is shorter and anonymous compared to the rest of the look.
To be sure, an outfit like this, I find it suitable for a ceremony or event, so for you who read here's some advice.
I'll wait for the next post, where I will show you many wonderful bags…and who knows, if you do not find a few gift ideas for your loved ones or for yourself.
Can I learn the model of the camera?
mi sono innamorata della gonna!!!
Fantastica questa gonna lunga, mi piace moltissimo!
you looked amazing! hope you had a great time!
Complimenti davvero, se bellissima come sempre!
Beautiful look as always. I like how sleek the top side is, with the leather wear, and how you paired that with a casual bottom. Hope you are having a lot of fun at this time of the year.
Bellissima la tua gonna Annalisa!
Bella la tua gonna ma la camicia mi piace ancora di più!
Annalisa sei sempre splendida, stai benissimo.
Questo look è da copertina Annalisa, mi sono innamorata della maxi skirt.
Che meraviglia questa gonna, bellissimi anche gli accessori…. non sbagli un colpo cherie!!!
Bellissima! adoro le scarpe e la camicetta!
I'm inviting you to enter my 3rd giveaway on my blog.
Worth $35, It's easy to join!


How to create OPCServer in ABB PM573 PLC ?
Also How to Know the %MX0.5.0 = (SCADA Registry No)?
%Mw0.0 = (SCADA Registry No)?
You can refer belo link.
Which SCADA you are using?
Also no need to Map address in Scada because you can import all variables in SCADA throug OPC Server.


text:
'use strict';

var AWSClass = require('../AWSClass.js');
var Taggable = require('../Taggable.js');
var ResourceTag = require('../properties/ResourceTag.js');
var Ec2NetworkInterfacePrivateipspec = require('../properties/Ec2NetworkInterfacePrivateipspec.js');

var propertyMap = {'Description': {'list': false, 'type': 'string'},
 'GroupSet': {'list': true, 'type': 'string'},
 'PrivateIpAddress': {'list': false, 'type': 'string'},
 'PrivateIpAddresses': {'list': true, 'type': Ec2NetworkInterfacePrivateipspec},
 'SecondaryPrivateIpAddressCount': {'list': false, 'type': 'number'},
 'SourceDestCheck': {'list': false, 'type': 'boolean'},
 'SubnetId': {'list': false, 'type': 'string'},
 'Tags': {'list': false, 'type': ResourceTag}};

var Class = function (id) {
    return Taggable.call(this, id, 'AWS::EC2::NetworkInterface', {});
};
require('util').inherits(Class, Taggable);

Class = AWSClass.registerPropertyPrototypes(Class, propertyMap);
module.exports = Class;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Las islas Kermadec son un arco insular en el océano Pacífico Sur. Las islas forman parte de Nueva Zelanda desde 1887.

Las islas se encuentran entre los 29° y 31.5° de latitud sur y los 177.5° y 179° de longitud oeste, 800–1000 km al noreste de la Isla Norte de Nueva Zelanda, y a una distancia similar al suroeste de Tonga. El centro del grupo de las Islas Kermadec se ubica aproximadamente en las coordenadas .

Geografía
El grupo incluye 4 islas principales (3 de las cuales pueden ser consideradas grupos de islas, porque las respectivas islas principales tienen islas menores alrededor) y algunas rocas aisladas, las cuales son, de norte a sur:
 Isla Raoul o Isla Sunday es de lejos la mayor de las Islas Kermadec. Isla Raoul se ubica en las coordenadas , 780 km al SSO de 'Ata, la isla más austral de Tonga, y 1000 km al NNE de Nueva Zelanda, con un área de 29,38 km², con numerosas islas menores satélites, la mayor altura es el Pico Moumoukai, con )
 Isla Macauley, la segunda en tamaño (ubicada en , 110 km al SSO de la Isla Raoul, la mayor altura es el Monte Haszard con una elevación de , área 3,06 km² con una isla vecina: Isla Haszard)
 Roca Macdonald, a unos 4 km al norte de la Isla Macauley a los
 Isla Curtis, la tercera en tamaño (, 35 km al SSO de la Isla Macauley,  de elevación máxima, área 0,59 km², con la vecina Isla Cheeseman)
 L'Esperance Rock, ex Roca Francesa (80 km al SSO de la Isla Curtis en , 250 m de diámetro, área 0,05 km², elevación máxima )
 Roca L'Havre, a unos 8 km al NNW de la Roca L'Esperance, aproximadamente en  (sumergida, apenas emerge durante la marea baja)

Los montes submarinos al norte y al sur de las Islas Kermadec son una extensión de la cadena que corre entre Tonga y Nueva Zelanda (ver Geología).
 Banco Star of Bengal, 103 km al SSW de L'Esperance Rock, con una profundidad mínima de 48 metros

El área total de las islas es de 33,08 km². Las islas están deshabitadas, excepto por la base permanentemente ocupada Raoul Island Station, una estación meteorológica y de radio y albergue para el Departamento de Conservación, oficiales y voluntarios que la han mantenido desde 1937 en las terrazas del norte de la Isla Raoul, a unos 50 m de altura sobre los acantilados de Fleetwood Bluff. Raoul Island Station representa el puesto de avanzada más septentrional de Nueva Zelanda.

El clima de las islas es subtropical, con una temperatura media mensual de 22,4 °C en febrero y una temperatura media mensual de 16,0 °C en agosto. Con precipitaciones de aproximadamente 1500 mm anuales, con precipitaciones más escasas de octubre a enero.

Geología

Las islas son un arco insular volcánico, formado en el límite de convergencia donde la placa del Pacífico entra en subducción bajo la placa Indoaustraliana. La placa de subducción del Pacífico creó la Fosa de las Kermadec, una fosa submarina de 8 km de profundidad, al este de las islas. Las islas están a lo largo del cordón submarino de las Kermadec, que corren desde las islas frente a la Isla Norte de Nueva Zelanda en el suroeste, hasta Tonga en el noreste (Arco Kermadec-Tonga). Las cuatro islas principales son las cúspides de volcanes que se yerguen lo suficiente desde el lecho marino para proyectarse sobre el nivel del mar. Hay otros volcanes en la cadena que no alcanzan el nivel del mar, pero forman montes marinos con entre 65 y 1500 m de agua sobre sus cimas. El monte submarino Monowai, con una profundidad de 120 m sobre su cima, está a medio camino entre la Isla Raoul y Tonga. 100 km al sur de la Roca L'Esperance está el poco explorado Banco Star of Bengal, probablemente con volcanes submarinos. Más al sur están los Montes marinos del cordón del sur de las Kermadec, el más austral de ellos, el monte marino Rumble IV, está a sólo 150 km al norte de la Isla Norte de Nueva Zelanda. El cordón eventualmente conecta la Isla White en la Bahía de Plenty de Nueva Zelanda, al extremo norte de la Zona Volcánica Taupo. Las islas experimentan muchos terremotos producto del movimiento de las placas y del vulcanismo.

Las islas Raoul y Curtis son ambas volcanes activos. Los volcanes de otras islas están actualmente inactivos, y las islas menores son los restos erosionados de volcanes extintos.
Gente de Polinesia se estableció en la isla sobre el siglo XIV, pero cuando los europeos llegaron no encontraron habitantes. Colonos y balleneros vivieron en las islas desde el siglo XIX hasta 1937.

Bosque subtropical húmedo de las Islas Kermadec

Las islas son reconocidas por los ecólogos como una ecorregión propia, el bosque subtropical húmedo de las Islas Kermadec. Forman una ecorregión bosques húmedos tropicales y subtropicales de hoja ancha, parte de la ecozona de Oceanía. Los bosques son dominados por la Metrosideros kermadecensis, de flores rojas, relacionadas con la pōhutukawa (M. excelsa) de Nueva Zelanda. Las islas no tienen mamíferos nativos, pero son el hogar de muchas aves marinas que anidan entre los bosques.

Flora
Las islas Kermadec son el hogar de 113 especies nativas de plantas vasculares, de las cuales 23 son endémicas, junto con musgos (52 especies nativas), líquenes y hongos (89 especies nativas). La mayoría de las especies de plantas derivan de Nueva Zelanda, con otras del Pacífico tropical.

Densos bosques subtropicales cubren la mayor parte de Raoul, y antiguamente cubrían Macauley. Metrosideros kermadecensis es el árbol dominante, formando una canopea de 10 – 15 m de altura. Una endémica Palma Nikau (Rhopalostylis cheesemanii) es otro importante árbol de la canopea. Los bosques cuentan con un rico sotobosque de árboles menores, arbustos, helechos y hierbas, incluyendo Myrsine kermadecensis; Lobelia anceps, Poa polyphylla, Coprosma acutifolia, y Coriaria arborea. Dos helechos arborescentes endémicos, Cyathea milnei y el raro y en peligro Cyathea kermadecensis, se encuentran también en los bosques.

Áreas cercanas a la costa y expuestas a la brisa salada están cubiertas por una comunidad diferenciada de arbustos y helechos, destacando Myosporum obscurum, Coprosma petiolata, Asplenium obtusatum, Cyperus ustulatus, Disphyma australe, y Scirpus nodosus.

Hay 152 especies de plantas introducidas por humanos que se han establecido en las islas.

Historia
Gente de Polinesia se estableció en las Islas Kermadec alrededor del siglo XIV (y quizá anteriormente en el siglo X), pero cuando los europeos llegaron al área en 1788 no encontraron habitantes. Las islas fueron bautizadas en honor al capitán francés Jean-Michel Huon de Kermadec, que visitó las islas como parte de la expedición del d'Entrecasteaux en los 1790s. Colonos europeos y balleneros vivieron en las islas desde principios del siglo XIX hasta 1937. Desde entonces, una estación meteorológica y de radio del gobierno y albergue para oficiales y voluntarios del Departamento de Conservación se han mantenido en la Isla Raoul.

Conservación
Gatos, ratas, y cabras introducidas devastaron los bosques y las aves marinas. El sobrepastoreo por cabras eliminó los bosques de la Isla Macauley, dejando praderas abiertas, y alteró el sotobosque de la Isla Raoul. La depredación por ratas y gatos redujo las colonias de aves marinas de las islas principales desde millones de aves a decenas de miles. El gobierno de Nueva Zelanda ha estado trabajando durante las últimas décadas para restaurar las islas. Nueva Zelanda declaró las islas reserva natural en 1937, y el mar que las rodea reserva marina en 1990. Las cabras fueron sacadas de Macauley en 1970 y de Raoul en 1984, y los bosques se han empezado a recuperar. Las islas todavía son conocidas por sus aves, y colonias de aves marinas actualmente habitan los islotes contiguos, los cuales están a salvo de la introducción de ratas y gatos. Los esfuerzos están orientados actualmente a sacar las ratas y los gatos de las islas, así como algunas de las plantas invasivas introducidas.

Las visitas a las islas están restringidas por el Departamento de Conservación. El Departamento permite visitas a Raoul a voluntarios encargados de la restauración ambiental o proyectos de monitoreo, y otros visitantes comprometidos con el estudio de la naturaleza y en ocasiones a expediciones de radioaficionados. Las visitas a las otras islas están generalmente restringidas a aquellas comprometidas en el estudio científico de las islas.

Actividad sísmica
Terremoto 2006
El 16 de mayo de 2006, a las 22:39 horas, hora de Nueva Zelanda, un terremoto grado 7,6 sacudió la región y fue sentido tan lejos como en Christchurch.

Terremoto 2011
El 21 de octubre de 2011 a las 17:57 UTC, un terremoto grado 7,4 sacudió la Región y se sintió hasta Auckland, New Zealand

Terremotos 2013
El 18 de febrero de 2013 a las 00:19 (hora local), un sismo de 6,2 grados se registró en las Islas Kermadec a una profundidad de 10 km y una intensidad Mercalli de IV. Asimismo, el 30 septiembre, a las 05:56 (hora GMT), un terremoto de 6,3 grados, y localizado a 87 km de profundidad, sacudió el archipiélago.

Terremoto 2021

El 5 de marzo de 2021, un terremoto de magnitud 8,1 en la escala de Richter y a 19 km de profundidad, sacudio la zona de las islas Kermadec.

Terremoto 2022

El 14 de agosto de 2022, un terremoto de magnitud 6,4 en la escala de Richter y a 10 km de profundidad sacudio las islas Kermadec.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Bosques subtropicales húmedos de las Islas Kermadec (World Wildlife Fund). Inglés
 Reserva marina de Kermadec (Departamento de Conservación de Nueva Zelanda). Inglés
 Reserva marina de Kermadec (Seafriends): geografía, historia, ecología, historia natural, buceo (80pp). Inglés

Kermadec
Kermadec
Islas exteriores de Nueva Zelanda
Ecorregiones de Nueva Zelanda


Migros School will be holding a big Open Day on Saturday 2nd Feb at its school in Nyon (situated just below La Combe shopping centre).
This is a great chance to find out more about the classes and courses that Migros Ecole run throughout the year.
From 10:00 – 12:00 there will be a chance to test your language skills, also from 10:00 – 12:00 there will be well-being workshops including Meditation Tai Chi, Massages and more.
Between 11:00 and 15:00 there will be Italian cooking demonstrations, from 14.00 – 16:00, a clothes/couture upcycling workshop. See the list of all events on the poster below.
There will be a 25% reduction on an L'Ecole-Club Migros Nyon course for the first 50 people that sign up on the 2nd February 2019.
There will be live music, a cooking demonstration, a chance to taste some local beers and to chat about Migros courses.


text:
There Is No Resistance Inside The Trump Administration. That I Can Tell You. Believe Me.
I work for the president and I can tell you that no one in the White House wants to meddle with his agenda because he is a smart person who hires the best people. And I am not the only one who thinks so. Many people are saying it.
Jon Zal is taking the rare step of publishing an anonymous Op-Ed essay. He has done so at the request of the author, a very, very, very senior official in the Trump administration whose identity is known to Jon Zal and the stature of whose formerly dignified and revered office would only be further sullied by the disclosure of that person's identity. Jon Zal believes publishing this essay anonymously is the best way to make this bit funny. He does not care what you think about his vetting process. Keep it to yourself.
President Trump — who, in a recent poll, was found to be even more popular than Abraham Lincoln, and who probably is the best president in the history of presidenting — is facing a test to his presidency unlike any faced by the 44 much less popular presidents who came before him.
It's not just that the disgraced and discredited Special Council Councel is conducting a WITCH HUNT. Or that Lyin' James Comey is a lying liar who lies. Or even that Mr. Trump's weak and worthless attorney general won't use the Justice Department to protect him from things like laws (great job, Jeff!) or lock up Crooked Hillary, whose crimes are much worse than the ones the president has committed, especially since, when you think about it, the crimes he has committed aren't even crimes, really, because anyone in his position would have done the same exact thing. You know it and I know it.
The dilemma — which the president fully grasps, because his mind is one of the great minds of all time, especially when it comes to grasping dilemmas and grasping other things, many things, things that he, really, is so good at grasping — is that the Failing New York Times (which, believe me, is failing very badly) is using its FAKE NEWS to try to trick the president, the American people, and the world at large into believing that many of the senior officials in his own administration are working against him, which they are not.
I would know. I am one of them. A senior official, I mean. Very senior. So senior that I make other officials look like freshmen … and, as anyone can tell you, seniors know a hell of a lot more than freshman … which is how I know that the Failing New York Times is lying about the presence of a so-called mole in the White House — some people say "mole," but I actually say "rat," because rats, as you know, are even worse than moles. Much worse. Which, by the way, is why the president is very proud of Paul Manafort for standing strong and for not being, if you'll pardon the expression, a rat. (And, Paul, if you're reading this, the president would like you to look closely at that previous sentence, which some would call a bold statement about the president's position on your very unfair situation.)
Claims made in the anomonissh op-ed that the president is known to "veer off topic and off the rails" are, frankly, a bunch of crap. The president never veers off topic, which isn't something the president could ever do anyway, because whatever the president decides to talk about at any given moment is the topic of that given moment — which, really, is a bit of a misnomer, because the president isn't "given" moments; the president "takes" moments. That's what presidents do: "Carpe diem." And "carpe diem," by the way — many people don't know this — "carpe diem" is a saying that the president invented. Some people think Napoleon invented it, but it was actually President Trump. Short man, Napoleon. Much shorter than the president, who is quite tall, as you can see in this official White House photo of President Trump and Chairman Kim, which was taken during the president's very historic visit to North Korea:
Nice guy, Kim, but short. And fat. "Little Rocket Man." Remember when the president used to call him that? Now that was a great nickname. He wishes he could still call Kim that, but General Kelly told him he isn't allowed to anymore. Sometimes, though, when General Kelly isn't around, the president will play the song "Rocket Man" by Elton John, and he'll sing along to it, but instead of just singing "Rocket Man" during the part where Elton sings "Rocket Man," the president will sneak in the word "Little," really fast, so that it doesn't even mess up the actual "Rocket Man" part. General Kelly is not the boss of him, is what I'm saying.
And rockets, by the way, are what Space Force is all about. Everyone loves Space Force. Wherever the president goes, everyone talks about Space Force. "We love Space Force, President Trump!" is what the people say. "Gotta have it!" The people who love Space Force are the people who love America and the flag and our great military veterans. The president could have been a great military veteran, too, if not for his boo-boo foot. In fact, I am quite sure that he would have been the greatest and bravest veteran of all time, and he would have killed many more enemies than any of his less-great but still very special fellow veterans, who he loves. And he most definitely would never have been captured. That I can tell you.
So veering off topic is not something the president does, which is just one of the many things that the fake, anomonissh mole (rat!) lied about. For example, that person — animal, really, because, as you know, neither moles nor rats are actually people — also claimed that the president had "complained for weeks about senior staff members letting him get boxed into a further confrontation with Russia," but what the mole (rat!) person (animal!) did not say is just how strongly and powerfully President Putin has denied any involvement in the so-called attack on American democracy, which, really, is just an excuse by the Dems for losing an election that they should have won (and, between you and me, President Trump often wishes they had).
The Lying Mole-Rat Animal Person also supposedly quoted a top official as saying: "There is literally no telling whether he might change his mind from one minute to the next" … but the Fake New York Times used that phony, made-up quote to make it sound like the president's unpredictability is a bad thing. Well, I can assure you that President Trump is unpredictable on purpose because he doesn't want America's enemies, foreign and domestic (and by "domestic" he means "the press," who, really, are the biggest enemies of the people) will never be able to figure out what he's going to do next, which is a good strategy not only for presidenting, but also for getting big ratings, because when people don't know what you're going to do next, they keep tuning in to find out, which is why President Trump gets the biggest ratings — we're talking HUGE ratings — unlike Arnold Schwarzenegger, whose ratings for "The Apprentice" were very, very bad. Boy, were they bad. "Low-Ratings Arnold" is what the president calls him now.
As for rumors that President Trump's Cabinet has considered removing him from office by invoking the 25th Amendment, I can tell you very strongly that nothing could be further from the truth. In fact, his Cabinet — which, when you think about it, is a strange name for a group of people, because a cabinet isn't something you put people in; cages, maybe, but not cabinets — anyway, his Cabinet (Cage?) actually is looking into the creation of a new amendment that would make Mr. Trump the first President for Life, which shows you just how stable they think he is. In fact, one of the top people in his administration often refers to him as a "stable genius."
No, folks, there is no "quiet resistance" within the Trump Administration … because the Resistance is full of haters and losers who will only be crying mugfuls of liberal tears when President for Life Trump keeps on whining winning. That I can tell you.
The writer is a very high-IQ senior official in the Trump administration, which everyone says is the best administration in the history of administrations.
Filed Under: Politics Tagged With: #TheResistance, Trump
Lisa Simeone says
Flipping hilarious! Bravo!
ROBERT LEE POTTER says
All I can say is, this is Yuge! I wonder who the very, very, very senior official is. Could it be Pence?
alma R says
your the best fake president, EVER!
Deborah Griffin says
Oh, I'll be so relieved when I can read this and laugh until my nose runs.
texarcana2002 says
#BWAHAHAHAHAHA!


text:
Electric vehicle companies have a serious quality problem
The chip shortage and supply chain crisis are doing more than just driving up vehicle prices — they're also affecting quality.
JD Power published its Initial Quality Study for 2022 model-year cars this week, in which it found that new vehicle quality has declined 11 percent year over year, the steepest drop ever recorded by the group.
Electric vehicle manufacturers in particular are showing big drops in quality, with Polestar ranking dead last. Tesla, meanwhile, ranks seventh from the bottom, continuing its trend of shoddy manufacturing.
In this year's survey, JD Power recorded 226 problems per 100 Tesla vehicles. Combining all non-Tesla EVs, the survey says that 240 problems were reported per 100 EVs, a slight drop from 251 last year as more EV models hit the road.
The survey is based on input from a total of 84,165 verified owners and lessees of personal use vehicles registered between November 2021 through February. Responses from the surveys provided data for 33 different makes and 189 different model vehicles.
Software remains a persistent problem for the auto industry, with six of the top 10 issues related to infotainment. The top problem was one of the biggest features people are looking for in new cars: Apple CarPlay and Android Auto. CarPlay, in particular, is used by half of all consumers who took the survey, and they report fewer problems than the 17 percent of users that use Android Auto.
Survey takers found that both CarPlay and Android Auto were difficult to understand, and users are increasingly having trouble making the connection work. A higher penetration of wireless CarPlay and Android Auto is attributed to the increase in connectivity problems, which has jumped from 4.9 problems per 100 vehicles in 2021 to 5.8 in 2022.
Surprisingly, the survey suggests that manufacturers' built-in voice recognition features are working as intended, the only category to improve among all other infotainment features like touchscreen display, Bluetooth connectivity, and parking cameras.
In addition to the drop in quality, the report also lists features that manufacturers have cut to get a grip on the chip shortage: delivering fewer vehicles with advanced driver-assist features, heated seats, parking assistant modules, only including a single keyfob, and more. Companies like Chevrolet axed wireless phone chargers and the gas-saving auto start-stop features in some SUV models last year, and Ford removed some A/C controls from the rear seats of its Explorer SUV.
Initial quality winners include GM's Buick for top overall nameplate; the automaker also won the most awards ranging from the Chevy Malibu to the Cadillac Escalade. BMW and Hyundai won second and third place, respectively.
The pandemic has certainly put a damper on the industry, But JD Power's director of global automotive, David Amodeo, was surprised the initial quality study wasn't even worse. "Automakers continue to launch vehicles that are more and more technologically complex in an era in which there have been many shortages of critical components to support them," Amodeo said in a press release.
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Suggestions were solicited from Belgravia residents in a November, 2015 questionnaire distributed to all the houses in the community through the Belgravian newsletter and from an emailed request to BCL members to fill out the questionnaire. The completed forms were summarized and additional ideas provided were added as italics in the report. Over 60 responses to the questionnaire were received. Approximately 24 residents attended a community meeting on December 14, 2015 where all the original suggestions plus any new ones were presented.
All feedback has been summarized in table format and comments written as provided (See links below). None has been prioritized in any way. We asked respondents to explain why they didn't like suggestions when they answered no. That information will be also be available at a later point.
Suggestions related to shortcutting, lights, road directions, road limitations and so on have been submitted to the City Transportation Project for the upcoming Belgravia Community Traffic Management Process (CTMP). The CTMP will be implemented this coming spring (maybe as early as March, 2016). Our hope is to work out the challenges of shortcutting and speeding in time for the Renewal of Belgravia streets, curbs and sidewalks slated to begin in 2017.