Citation: WARREN, A., BELL, M. and BUDD, L.C.S., 2010. Surveillance networks and spaces of governance: technological openness and international cooperation during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. AAG 2010, Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers, April 14-18, Washington DC.
Abstract: The ongoing 2009-10 H1N1 pandemic has highlighted the importance of global health surveillance. It has, in the words of WHO Director-General Margaret Chan, offered the opportunity to 'watch a pandemic unfold […] in real time'. Moreover, it has allowed the international community to more fully prepare for major infectious disease outbreaks. Whilst there is an expanding literature on biosecurity and preparedness, we argue that little consideration has been given to the impact of increased reliance on event-based surveillance on global public health governance. Using Margaret Chan's 2007 call for a 'new' international health diplomacy, we assess the importance of global surveillance networks (such as the Global Public Health Intelligence Network (GPHIN) and HealthMap) in informing national and transnational practices in relation to the risks posed by emerging infectious diseases. Our analysis is supported by empirical data supplied by GPHIN and by reference to national pandemic influenza preparedness plans. In conclusion, we argue that, by increasing availability of local reporting of disease outbreaks, these networks act as a powerful prompt in initiating global pandemic preparedness and, by extension, international cooperation. Yet, the ongoing H1N1 pandemic demonstrates their fragility as practices of preparedness vary between states across the global north and south.


text:
package com.icegreen.greenmail.util.strings;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;

/**
 *

 *   Utility class for performing Java escape/unescape operations.
 *

 *
 * Configuration of escape/unescape operations
 *
 *

 *   Escape operations can be (optionally) configured by means of:
 *

 *

 *
Level, which defines how deep the escape operation must be (what
 *       chars are to be considered eligible for escaping, depending on the specific
 *       needs of the scenario). Its values are defined by the {@link JavaEscapeLevel}
 *       enum.

 *

 *

 *   Unbescape does not define a 'type' for Java escaping (just a level) because,
 *   given the way Unicode Escapes work in Java, there is no possibility to choose whether we want to escape, for
 *   example, a tab character (U+0009) as a Single Escape Char (<tt>\t</tt>) or as a Unicode Escape
 *   (<tt>\u0009</tt>). Given Unicode Escapes are processed by the compiler and not the runtime, using
 *   <tt>\u0009</tt> instead of <tt>\t</tt> would really insert a tab character inside our source
 *   code before compiling, which is not equivalent to inserting <tt>"\t"</tt> in a <tt>String</tt> literal.
 *

 *

 *   Unescape operations need no configuration parameters. Unescape operations
 *   will always perform complete unescape of SECs (<tt>\n</tt>),
 *   u-based (<tt>\u00E1</tt>) and octal (<tt>\341</tt>) escapes.
 *

 *
 * Features
 *
 *

 *   Specific features of the Java escape/unescape operations performed by means of this class:
 *

 *

 *
The Java basic escape set is supported. This basic set consists of:
 *

 *
The Single Escape Characters:
 *               <tt>\b</tt> (<tt>U+0008</tt>),
 *               <tt>\t</tt> (<tt>U+0009</tt>),
 *               <tt>\n</tt> (<tt>U+000A</tt>),
 *               <tt>\f</tt> (<tt>U+000C</tt>),
 *               <tt>\r</tt> (<tt>U+000D</tt>),
 *               <tt>\"</tt> (<tt>U+0022</tt>),
 *               <tt>\'</tt> (<tt>U+0027</tt>) and
 *               <tt>\\</tt> (<tt>U+005C</tt>). Note <tt>\'</tt> is not really needed in
 *               String literals (only in Character literals), so it won't be used until escape level 3.
 *

 *

 *               Two ranges of non-displayable, control characters (some of which are already part of the
 *               single escape characters list): <tt>U+0000</tt> to <tt>U+001F</tt>
 *               and <tt>U+007F</tt> to <tt>U+009F</tt>.
 *

 *

 *

 *
U-based hexadecimal escapes (a.k.a. unicode escapes) are supported both in escape
 *       and unescape operations: <tt>\u00E1</tt>.

 *
Octal escapes are supported, though only in unescape operations: <tt>\071</tt>. These are not supported
 *       in escape operations because the use of octal escapes is not recommended by the Java Language Specification
 *       (it's usage is allowed mainly for C compatibility reasons).

 *
Support for the whole Unicode character set: <tt>\u0000</tt> to <tt>\u10FFFF</tt>, including
 *       characters not representable by only one <tt>char</tt> in Java (<tt>>\uFFFF</tt>).

 *

 *
 * Specific features of Unicode Escapes in Java
 *
 *

 *   The way Unicode Escapes work in Java is different to other languages like e.g. JavaScript. In Java,
 *   these UHEXA escapes are processed by the compiler itself, and therefore resolved before any other
 *   type of escapes. Besides, UHEXA escapes can appear anywhere in the code, not only String literals.
 *   This means that, while in JavaScript <tt>'a\u005Cna'</tt> would be displayed as <tt>a\na</tt>,
 *   in Java <tt>"a\u005Cna"</tt> would in fact be displayed in two lines:
 *   <tt>a</tt>+<tt><LF></tt>+<tt>a</tt>.
 *

 *

 *   Going even further, this is perfectly valid Java code:
 *

 *
 *   final String hello = \u0022Hello, World!\u0022;
 *
 *

 *   Also, Java allows to write any number of <tt>'u'</tt> characters in this type of escapes, like
 *   <tt>\uu00E1</tt> or even <tt>\uuuuuuuuu00E1</tt>. This is so in order to enable legacy
 *   compatibility with older code-processing tools that didn't support Unicode processing at all, which
 *   would fail when finding an Unicode escape like <tt>\u00E1</tt>, but not <tt>\uu00E1</tt>
 *   (because they would consider <tt>\u</tt> as the escape). So this is valid Java code too:
 *

 *
 *   final String hello = \uuuuuuuu0022Hello, World!\u0022;
 *
 *

 *   In order to correctly unescape Java UHEXA escapes like <tt>"a\u005Cna"</tt>, Unbescape will
 *   perform a two-pass process so that all unicode escapes are processed in the first pass, and then
 *   the single escape characters and octal escapes in the second pass.
 *

 *
 * Input/Output
 *
 *

 *   There are two different input/output modes that can be used in escape/unescape operations:
 *

 *

 *
<tt>String</tt> input, <tt>String</tt> output: Input is specified as a <tt>String</tt> object
 *       and output is returned as another. In order to improve memory performance, all escape and unescape
 *       operations will return the exact same input object as output if no escape/unescape modifications
 *       are required.

 *
<tt>char[]</tt> input, <tt>java.io.Writer</tt> output: Input will be read from a char array
 *       (<tt>char[]</tt>) and output will be written into the specified <tt>java.io.Writer</tt>.
 *       Two <tt>int</tt> arguments called <tt>offset</tt> and <tt>len</tt> will be
 *       used for specifying the part of the <tt>char[]</tt> that should be escaped/unescaped. These methods
 *       should be called with <tt>offset = 0</tt> and <tt>len = text.length</tt> in order to process
 *       the whole <tt>char[]</tt>.

 *

 *
 * Glossary
 *
 *

 *
SEC

 *
Single Escape Character:
 *               <tt>\b</tt> (<tt>U+0008</tt>),
 *               <tt>\t</tt> (<tt>U+0009</tt>),
 *               <tt>\n</tt> (<tt>U+000A</tt>),
 *               <tt>\f</tt> (<tt>U+000C</tt>),
 *               <tt>\r</tt> (<tt>U+000D</tt>),
 *               <tt>\"</tt> (<tt>U+0022</tt>),
 *               <tt>\'</tt> (<tt>U+0027</tt>) and
 *               <tt>\\</tt> (<tt>U+005C</tt>). Note <tt>\'</tt> is not really needed in
 *               String literals (only in Character literals), so it won't be used until escape level 3.
 *

 *
UHEXA escapes

 *
Also called u-based hexadecimal escapes or simply unicode escapes:
 *         complete representation of unicode codepoints up to <tt>U+FFFF</tt>, with <tt>\u</tt>
 *         followed by exactly four hexadecimal figures: <tt>\u00E1</tt>. Unicode codepoints >
 *         <tt>U+FFFF</tt> can be represented in Java by mean of two UHEXA escapes (a
 *         surrogate pair).

 *
Octal escapes

 *
Octal representation of unicode codepoints up to <tt>U+00FF</tt>, with <tt>\</tt>
 *         followed by up to three octal figures: <tt>\071</tt>. Though up to three octal figures
 *         are allowed, octal numbers > <tt>377</tt> (<tt>0xFF</tt>) are not supported. These are not supported
 *         in escape operations because the use of octal escapes is not recommended by the Java Language Specification
 *         (it's usage is allowed mainly for C compatibility reasons).

 *
Unicode Codepoint

 *
Each of the <tt>int</tt> values conforming the Unicode code space.
 *         Normally corresponding to a Java <tt>char</tt> primitive value (codepoint <= <tt>\uFFFF</tt>),
 *         but might be two <tt>char</tt>s for codepoints <tt>\u10000</tt> to <tt>\u10FFFF</tt> if the
 *         first <tt>char</tt> is a high surrogate (<tt>\uD800</tt> to <tt>\uDBFF</tt>) and the
 *         second is a low surrogate (<tt>\uDC00</tt> to <tt>\uDFFF</tt>).

 *

 *
 * References
 *
 *

 *   The following references apply:
 *

 *

 *
The Java 7 Language
 *       Specification - Chapter 3: Lexical Structure. [oracle.com]

 *
Secrets of the Scala Lexer 1: \uuuuunicode [blogspot.com]

 *
Supplementary characters in the Java Platform [oracle.com]

 *

 *
 * @author Daniel Fernández
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 */
public final class JavaEscape {

    /**
     *

     *   Perform a Java level 1 (only basic set) escape operation
     *   on a <tt>String</tt> input.
     *

     *

     *   Level 1 means this method will only escape the Java basic escape set:
     *

     *

     *
The Single Escape Characters:
     *       <tt>\b</tt> (<tt>U+0008</tt>),
     *       <tt>\t</tt> (<tt>U+0009</tt>),
     *       <tt>\n</tt> (<tt>U+000A</tt>),
     *       <tt>\f</tt> (<tt>U+000C</tt>),
     *       <tt>\r</tt> (<tt>U+000D</tt>),
     *       <tt>\"</tt> (<tt>U+0022</tt>),
     *       <tt>\'</tt> (<tt>U+0027</tt>) and
     *       <tt>\\</tt> (<tt>U+005C</tt>). Note <tt>\'</tt> is not really needed in
     *       String literals (only in Character literals), so it won't be used until escape level 3.
     *

     *

     *       Two ranges of non-displayable, control characters (some of which are already part of the
     *       single escape characters list): <tt>U+0000</tt> to <tt>U+001F</tt>
     *       and <tt>U+007F</tt> to <tt>U+009F</tt>.
     *

     *

     *

     *   This method calls {@link #escapeJava(String, JavaEscapeLevel)}
     *   with the following preconfigured values:
     *

     *

     *
<tt>level</tt>:
     *       {@link JavaEscapeLevel#LEVEL_1_BASIC_ESCAPE_SET}

     *

     *

     *   This method is thread-safe.
     *

     *
     * @param text the <tt>String</tt> to be escaped.
     * @return The escaped result <tt>String</tt>. As a memory-performance improvement, will return the exact
     *         same object as the <tt>text</tt> input argument if no escaping modifications were required (and
     *         no additional <tt>String</tt> objects will be created during processing). Will
     *         return <tt>null</tt> if <tt>text</tt> is <tt>null</tt>.
     */
    public static String escapeJavaMinimal(final String text) {
        return escapeJava(text, JavaEscapeLevel.LEVEL_1_BASIC_ESCAPE_SET);
    }

    /**
     *

     *   Perform a Java level 2 (basic set and all non-ASCII chars) escape operation
     *   on a <tt>String</tt> input.
     *

     *

     *   Level 2 means this method will escape:
     *

     *

     *
The Java basic escape set:
     *

     *
The Single Escape Characters:
     *               <tt>\b</tt> (<tt>U+0008</tt>),
     *               <tt>\t</tt> (<tt>U+0009</tt>),
     *               <tt>\n</tt> (<tt>U+000A</tt>),
     *               <tt>\f</tt> (<tt>U+000C</tt>),
     *               <tt>\r</tt> (<tt>U+000D</tt>),
     *               <tt>\"</tt> (<tt>U+0022</tt>),
     *               <tt>\'</tt> (<tt>U+0027</tt>) and
     *               <tt>\\</tt> (<tt>U+005C</tt>). Note <tt>\'</tt> is not really needed in
     *               String literals (only in Character literals), so it won't be used until escape level 3.
     *

     *

     *               Two ranges of non-displayable, control characters (some of which are already part of the
     *               single escape characters list): <tt>U+0000</tt> to <tt>U+001F</tt>
     *               and <tt>U+007F</tt> to <tt>U+009F</tt>.
     *

     *

     *

     *
All non ASCII characters.

     *

     *

     *   This escape will be performed by using the Single Escape Chars whenever possible. For escaped
     *   characters that do not have an associated SEC, default to <tt>\uFFFF</tt>
     *   Hexadecimal Escapes.
     *

     *

     *   This method calls {@link #escapeJava(String, JavaEscapeLevel)}
     *   with the following preconfigured values:
     *

     *

     *
<tt>level</tt>:
     *       {@link JavaEscapeLevel#LEVEL_2_ALL_NON_ASCII_PLUS_BASIC_ESCAPE_SET}

     *

     *

     *   This method is thread-safe.
     *

     *
     * @param text the <tt>String</tt> to be escaped.
     * @return The escaped result <tt>String</tt>. As a memory-performance improvement, will return the exact
     *         same object as the <tt>text</tt> input argument if no escaping modifications were required (and
     *         no additional <tt>String</tt> objects will be created during processing). Will
     *         return <tt>null</tt> if <tt>text</tt> is <tt>null</tt>.
     */
    public static String escapeJava(final String text) {
        return escapeJava(text, JavaEscapeLevel.LEVEL_2_ALL_NON_ASCII_PLUS_BASIC_ESCAPE_SET);
    }

    /**
     *

     *   Perform a (configurable) Java escape operation on a <tt>String</tt> input.
     *

     *

     *   This method will perform an escape operation according to the specified
     *   {@link org.unbescape.java.JavaEscapeLevel} argument value.
     *

     *

     *   All other <tt>String</tt>-based <tt>escapeJava*(...)</tt> methods call this one with preconfigured
     *   <tt>level</tt> values.
     *

     *

     *   This method is thread-safe.
     *

     *
     * @param text the <tt>String</tt> to be escaped.
     * @param level the escape level to be applied, see {@link org.unbescape.java.JavaEscapeLevel}.
     * @return The escaped result <tt>String</tt>. As a memory-performance improvement, will return the exact
     *         same object as the <tt>text</tt> input argument if no escaping modifications were required (and
     *         no additional <tt>String</tt> objects will be created during processing). Will
     *         return <tt>null</tt> if <tt>text</tt> is <tt>null</tt>.
     */
    public static String escapeJava(final String text, final JavaEscapeLevel level) {

        if (level == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The 'level' argument cannot be null");
        }

        return JavaEscapeUtil.escape(text, level);

    }

    /**
     *

     *   Perform a Java level 1 (only basic set) escape operation
     *   on a <tt>char[]</tt> input.
     *

     *

     *   Level 1 means this method will only escape the Java basic escape set:
     *

     *

     *
The Single Escape Characters:
     *       <tt>\b</tt> (<tt>U+0008</tt>),
     *       <tt>\t</tt> (<tt>U+0009</tt>),
     *       <tt>\n</tt> (<tt>U+000A</tt>),
     *       <tt>\f</tt> (<tt>U+000C</tt>),
     *       <tt>\r</tt> (<tt>U+000D</tt>),
     *       <tt>\"</tt> (<tt>U+0022</tt>),
     *       <tt>\'</tt> (<tt>U+0027</tt>) and
     *       <tt>\\</tt> (<tt>U+005C</tt>). Note <tt>\'</tt> is not really needed in
     *       String literals (only in Character literals), so it won't be used until escape level 3.
     *

     *

     *       Two ranges of non-displayable, control characters (some of which are already part of the
     *       single escape characters list): <tt>U+0000</tt> to <tt>U+001F</tt>
     *       and <tt>U+007F</tt> to <tt>U+009F</tt>.
     *

     *

     *

     *   This method calls {@link #escapeJava(char[], int, int, java.io.Writer, JavaEscapeLevel)}
     *   with the following preconfigured values:
     *

     *

     *
<tt>level</tt>:
     *       {@link JavaEscapeLevel#LEVEL_1_BASIC_ESCAPE_SET}

     *

     *

     *   This method is thread-safe.
     *

     *
     * @param text the <tt>char[]</tt> to be escaped.
     * @param offset the position in <tt>text</tt> at which the escape operation should start.
     * @param len the number of characters in <tt>text</tt> that should be escaped.
     * @param writer the <tt>java.io.Writer</tt> to which the escaped result will be written. Nothing will
     *               be written at all to this writer if <tt>text</tt> is <tt>null</tt>.
     * @throws IOException if an input/output exception occurs
     */
    public static void escapeJavaMinimal(final char[] text, final int offset, final int len, final Writer writer)
                                         throws IOException {
        escapeJava(text, offset, len, writer, JavaEscapeLevel.LEVEL_1_BASIC_ESCAPE_SET);
    }

    /**
     *

     *   Perform a Java level 2 (basic set and all non-ASCII chars) escape operation
     *   on a <tt>char[]</tt> input.
     *

     *

     *   Level 2 means this method will escape:
     *

     *

     *
The Java basic escape set:
     *

     *
The Single Escape Characters:
     *               <tt>\b</tt> (<tt>U+0008</tt>),
     *               <tt>\t</tt> (<tt>U+0009</tt>),
     *               <tt>\n</tt> (<tt>U+000A</tt>),
     *               <tt>\f</tt> (<tt>U+000C</tt>),
     *               <tt>\r</tt> (<tt>U+000D</tt>),
     *               <tt>\"</tt> (<tt>U+0022</tt>),
     *               <tt>\'</tt> (<tt>U+0027</tt>) and
     *               <tt>\\</tt> (<tt>U+005C</tt>). Note <tt>\'</tt> is not really needed in
     *               String literals (only in Character literals), so it won't be used until escape level 3.
     *

     *

     *               Two ranges of non-displayable, control characters (some of which are already part of the
     *               single escape characters list): <tt>U+0000</tt> to <tt>U+001F</tt>
     *               and <tt>U+007F</tt> to <tt>U+009F</tt>.
     *

     *

     *

     *
All non ASCII characters.

     *

     *

     *   This escape will be performed by using the Single Escape Chars whenever possible. For escaped
     *   characters that do not have an associated SEC, default to <tt>\uFFFF</tt>
     *   Hexadecimal Escapes.
     *

     *

     *   This method calls {@link #escapeJava(char[], int, int, java.io.Writer, JavaEscapeLevel)}
     *   with the following preconfigured values:
     *

     *

     *
<tt>level</tt>:
     *       {@link JavaEscapeLevel#LEVEL_2_ALL_NON_ASCII_PLUS_BASIC_ESCAPE_SET}

     *

     *

     *   This method is thread-safe.
     *

     *
     * @param text the <tt>char[]</tt> to be escaped.
     * @param offset the position in <tt>text</tt> at which the escape operation should start.
     * @param len the number of characters in <tt>text</tt> that should be escaped.
     * @param writer the <tt>java.io.Writer</tt> to which the escaped result will be written. Nothing will
     *               be written at all to this writer if <tt>text</tt> is <tt>null</tt>.
     * @throws IOException if an input/output exception occurs
     */
    public static void escapeJava(final char[] text, final int offset, final int len, final Writer writer)
                                  throws IOException {
        escapeJava(text, offset, len, writer, JavaEscapeLevel.LEVEL_2_ALL_NON_ASCII_PLUS_BASIC_ESCAPE_SET);
    }

    /**
     *

     *   Perform a (configurable) Java escape operation on a <tt>char[]</tt> input.
     *

     *

     *   This method will perform an escape operation according to the specified
     *   {@link org.unbescape.java.JavaEscapeLevel} argument value.
     *

     *

     *   All other <tt>char[]</tt>-based <tt>escapeJava*(...)</tt> methods call this one with preconfigured
     *   <tt>level</tt> values.
     *

     *

     *   This method is thread-safe.
     *

     *
     * @param text the <tt>char[]</tt> to be escaped.
     * @param offset the position in <tt>text</tt> at which the escape operation should start.
     * @param len the number of characters in <tt>text</tt> that should be escaped.
     * @param writer the <tt>java.io.Writer</tt> to which the escaped result will be written. Nothing will
     *               be written at all to this writer if <tt>text</tt> is <tt>null</tt>.
     * @param level the escape level to be applied, see {@link org.unbescape.java.JavaEscapeLevel}.
     * @throws IOException if an input/output exception occurs
     */
    public static void escapeJava(final char[] text, final int offset, final int len, final Writer writer,
                                  final JavaEscapeLevel level)
                                  throws IOException {

        if (writer == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Argument 'writer' cannot be null");
        }

        if (level == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The 'level' argument cannot be null");
        }

        final int textLen = text == null? 0 : text.length;

        if (offset < 0 || offset > textLen) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid (offset, len). offset=" + offset + ", len=" + len + ", text.length=" + textLen);
        }

        if (len < 0 || (offset + len) > textLen) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid (offset, len). offset=" + offset + ", len=" + len + ", text.length=" + textLen);
        }

        JavaEscapeUtil.escape(text, offset, len, writer, level);

    }

    /**
     *

     *   Perform a Java unescape operation on a <tt>String</tt> input.
     *

     *

     *   No additional configuration arguments are required. Unescape operations
     *   will always perform complete Java unescape of SECs, u-based and octal escapes.
     *

     *

     *   This method is thread-safe.
     *

     *
     * @param text the <tt>String</tt> to be unescaped.
     * @return The unescaped result <tt>String</tt>. As a memory-performance improvement, will return the exact
     *         same object as the <tt>text</tt> input argument if no unescaping modifications were required (and
     *         no additional <tt>String</tt> objects will be created during processing). Will
     *         return <tt>null</tt> if <tt>text</tt> is <tt>null</tt>.
     */
    public static String unescapeJava(final String text) {
        return JavaEscapeUtil.unescape(text);
    }

    /**
     *

     *   Perform a Java unescape operation on a <tt>char[]</tt> input.
     *

     *

     *   No additional configuration arguments are required. Unescape operations
     *   will always perform complete Java unescape of SECs, u-based and octal escapes.
     *

     *

     *   This method is thread-safe.
     *

     *
     * @param text the <tt>char[]</tt> to be unescaped.
     * @param offset the position in <tt>text</tt> at which the unescape operation should start.
     * @param len the number of characters in <tt>text</tt> that should be unescaped.
     * @param writer the <tt>java.io.Writer</tt> to which the unescaped result will be written. Nothing will
     *               be written at all to this writer if <tt>text</tt> is <tt>null</tt>.
     * @throws IOException if an input/output exception occurs
     */
    public static void unescapeJava(final char[] text, final int offset, final int len, final Writer writer)
                                    throws IOException{
        if (writer == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Argument 'writer' cannot be null");
        }

        final int textLen = text == null? 0 : text.length;

        if (offset < 0 || offset > textLen) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid (offset, len). offset=" + offset + ", len=" + len + ", text.length=" + textLen);
        }

        if (len < 0 || (offset + len) > textLen) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid (offset, len). offset=" + offset + ", len=" + len + ", text.length=" + textLen);
        }

        JavaEscapeUtil.unescape(text, offset, len, writer);

    }

    private JavaEscape() {
        super();
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Depending on who you are, there are different ways to register for a booth at this year's conference.
First-time-applying organizations or local church ministries need to submit an application and become approved in order to register as an exhibitor at Missions Fest Vancouver.
Returning organizations or local church ministries who have previously been approved need to complete the Exhibitor Registration Package.
Some churches have an outreach ministry that impacts a whole neighbourhood or city. This application is for ministries under the umbrella of a local church.
Exhibitor registration opens on September 1 for non-partner churches and for non-charitable Christian organizations.
Missions Fest gives priority to charitable Christian non-profit organizations and local partner churches.
For any questions, contact exhibit@missionsfestvancouver.ca or call 604-524-9944.


Mesa County Public Health (MCPH) is launching a new recognition program, the Blue Ribbon Award, to highlight regulated businesses that work to meet high standards in health, quality and safety for Mesa County residents.
The Blue Ribbon Award applies to retail food establishments, child care facilities, schools, pools body art facilities.
At least 90% of the facility's food handlers have a Mesa County Food Handler Card or a ServSafe certificate.
A food safety certified manager is available to staff during all hours of operation.
The facility has proactive procedures in place, such as documentation of temperature logs, self-inspection forms and pest control contracts.
Kuhr noted he hopes the Blue Ribbon Award will help residents easily identify high-quality businesses. All businesses will be given a sticker for their door or window, a plaque and a certificate from Mesa County Public Health. All qualified businesses are also featured on the MCPH website, here.


text:
Russian grandmaster suffers 'Armageddon' defeat
Russian chess grandmaster Ian Nepomniachtchi fell to defeat against American rival Hikaru Nakamura in the final of the 2022 FIDE Fischer Random World Championship in Reykjavik, losing a tense 'Armageddon' playoff after the match ended 2-2 on Sunday.
Nepomniachtchi, 32, had beaten five-time world champion Magnus Carlsen in the semifinals on Saturday but fell just short against Nakamura in a close contest in the Icelandic capital.
With the match deadlocked after four games, an 'Armageddon' playoff – a type of sudden death tiebreaker in which the players draw lots to determine which color they play – ended with Nakamura clinching the title with the white pieces.
It was a first world title for Nakamura, 34, at an event which was being held in Iceland to commemorate the iconic 1972 meeting in Reykjavik, when America's Bobby Fischer defeated Soviet star Boris Spassky to win the world title.
The FIDE Fischer Random World Championship is named in honor of Fischer, and is based on the variation of chess which he created – also known as Chess960 – in which the starting positions of the players' home ranks is randomized.
Sunday's result was disappointing for Nepomniachtchi, although he congratulated the victor in a social media message.
"Logic could hardly ever be found in the Armageddon games," tweeted the Russian.
"But this, in turn, has its own logic. Hope to see more Fischer Random tournaments in the future. Congrats to [Nakamura]!"
Nepomniachtchi will take home $85,000 for his second-place finish, while title winner Nakamura pockets $150,000.
Meanwhile, Norwegian world champion Carlsen – who had been beaten 3-1 by Nepomniachtchi in their Fischer Random semifinal on Saturday – ensured third place with a comfortable 3-0 win over Uzbek teenager Nodirbek Abdusattorov.
READ MORE: Kremlin comments on chess snub by Norwegian champion
Carlsen had been due to defend his world title against Nepomniachtchi next year, after the Russian won the FIDE Candidates tournament in July.
However, Carlsen later announced that he was lacking the motivation for sixth world title match, having defeated Nepomniachtchi in the 2021 World Championships last December.
Instead, Nepomniachtchi will play Ding Liren for the title, after the Chinese player finished runner-up at the Candidates tournament.
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I have been a Hairstylist since 1981 and opened my 1st salon in 1987. I have had the tremendous opportunity to advance my education in the craft of hair design all over the world from some of the best artists in the world.
I moved from Paris and continue to annually train in Europe. I specialize in Hair Cutting and the very latest in Hair Coloring techniques. I have had the honor and privilege to train under Jean Louis Deforges in Paris, as well as, Jacques Dessange who owns salons in both Paris and New York. I also have extensive L'Oreal color education directly from Paris. And I've studied precision cutting techniques with Vidal Sassoon and Tony and Guy in London.


After that cliffhanger of an ending in Richer Than Sin, Whitney Gable and Lincoln Riscoff find themselves in a quandary of sorts in Guilty as Sin, the second novel in the Meghan March-penned Sin series. I also find myself in a quandary of my own writing this review because I have to be extra careful about what I mention because I don't want to spoil either of the two books now available in the series. Gah! This is proving to be a really frustrating endeavor, but I shall try my best to get my feelings across, especially since this great series has gotten even more awesome!
Accusations abound in book two, and it all boils down to a matter of trust, something that's in short supply when it comes to the folks of Gable. Sure, the town may be named after the Gables but there's no question that the powers that be are very much the Riscoffs. The fact that Lincoln even has a shadow of doubt, however, when it comes to Whitney's motives could well be the final straw for her. When forces seem intent on driving them further apart and try to take everything Lincoln's worked hard for, these two will have to decide whether to fight together or each other.
Purchase Guilty as Sin on Amazon | B&N | iBooks | Kobo.


text:
Home Coronavirus Officials still question value of pharmacies, says Simon Dukes even as PSNC...
Officials still question value of pharmacies, says Simon Dukes even as PSNC 'battle for the best deals'
Simon Dukes, CEO, PSNC
The Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee (PSNC) said it has "made a case" to pharmacy minister Jo Churchill for "an urgent uplift" in funding for community pharmacy.
It is seeking additional money to the agreed Community Pharmacy Contractual Framework (CPCF) funding "in recognition of the financial pressures facing community pharmacies and the critical and valuable work they are doing."
The pharmacy negotiator said that it has written to the Department of Health and Social Care and minister Churchill, seeking "an urgent review" of the five-year national contract.
Whist PSNC still supports all elements of CPCF, including the roll out of the services set out within it, it says pharmacy service has changed so significantly over the past year that funding must be uplifted to keep pace with the developments.
It is using evidence of costs gathered from pharmacies to press for Covid-related costs incurred by contractors to be "covered in full" by government.
"Alongside these funding discussions, we want to work with HM Government on a shared vision for pharmacies in whatever our 'new normal' is," PSNC said in a briefing note on Wednesday (Aug 27).
Details on winter's flu jabs and other services
It noted that details of the 2020-21 flu vaccination service will be published by NHS England and NHS Improvement in time for the national roll-out on September 1, adding that talks with the government on the extension of referrals from GP practices to the Community Pharmacy Consultation Service (CPCS) have resumed.
"PSNC is pressing for all changes to be manageable for contractors," it noted.
It added that details of the hepatitis C testing service, delayed at the start of the pandemic, are expected to be published imminently, while discharge medicines service, to support patients who have been discharged from hospital and had changes made to their medication, will be launched in January 2021.
Simon Dukes, the chief executive of PSNC lauded community pharmacy teams for doing an incredible job in meeting the increasing health needs of their patients and providing a walk-in clinical advice service for their local communities during the pandemic.
Financial toll on businesses
"But the financial toll that this tremendous effort has taken on pharmacy businesses of all shapes and sizes is now being felt, and PSNC's job is to make that case effectively to HM Government." he said in a statement.
"As contractors and LPCs know, during the initial pandemic peak in the UK, PSNC was working round the clock to finalise new services and arrangements that supported contractors through the lockdown period – emergency funding injections, flexibility in opening hours, and a new national delivery service were some of the key outputs from the negotiations at that time.
Comprehensive data on Covid-19 costs
"Now that the initial health emergency has passed, all PSNC Committee Members are focused on the financial emergency facing their businesses. PSNC, working with the other national community pharmacy bodies has put comprehensive data on pharmacies' Covid-19 costs to the government and we are in discussion about how these should be covered, reconciling against the advance payments that have already been made to contractors.
"Even more critically we are also pushing for an uplift to the CPCF funding. This is alongside work arguing for increases in flu vaccination fees and negotiating the details of new CPCF services.
"None of these conversations are easy and all are complex and time-consuming."
'Officials still question the value of pharmacies'
He added that his team has been working hard to convince many officials who "still question the value of pharmacies," although ministers have heaped praise on the sector throughout the pandemic.
"We are also increasingly working alongside our GP negotiating colleagues to share leverage where we can. I know that it is incredibly frustrating for contractors as they await the outcomes of these business critical conversations, but do not mistake a failure to make fast agreements for a lack of activity: we have been and will continue to do all that is needed to battle for the best deals and for fair treatment of community pharmacies at every stage.
"If that means rejecting offer after offer from the government and doing all that we can to reach a satisfactory position on every single negotiating point, then that is what we will keep doing."
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Sentinel is an Indie-dream-pop duo based out of Seattle, Washington. Originating from San Francisco, California, the seeds of this sunny-seaside-dream-pop began between Tarabud (vocals/bass) and Dennis Bestafka (guitars) on a four track recorder in 2000. Their live performances have been numerable over the years, with the support of friends on drums and keyboards. They have been heard on FM Radio: (Live105.3FM), (Nic Harcourt's syndicated program 'Connections Made by Guitar Center' broadcast nationally on FM stations in the USA) & (College radio in 160 stations across US and Canada), Local TV, and Live Music venues of the Northern California.
Strongly influenced by their mutual visions of 80's synth pop and 90's dream pop, the likes of Cocteau Twins / Smiths / U2 / My Bloody Valentine / Cure / Flock Of Seagulls / Ocean Blue, they easily shared in the creative process together. Over the years their catalog has been expansive with variety, delving into moods and textures to mold their sound. The following albums were self released: Sentinel (self titled) - 2004; The Singles - 2005; Sequels & Hunches E.P. - 2007, Kites Without Strings - 2008, For Days Deep & video - 2009, Jet Black Single & video - 2010, Dark End single- 2011, Somewhere Else Single & video - 2012, and Points of Light, released in 2015. New E.P. coming in 2018.


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Q: How to call a function at specified date time? I want to call a method at 23:55 of the day,
how to do this in actionscript 3?

A: I'd say you create a loop that checks the current time throught the Date Object.
package  {
import flash.display.Sprite;
import flash.utils.clearInterval;
import flash.utils.setInterval;
public class TimeCheck extends Sprite
{
    private var interval:int;
    public function TimeCheck()
    {
        interval = setInterval( checkTime, 1000 );//check performed every second
        checkTime();
    }
    private function checkTime():void
    {
        var date:Date = new Date();
        if ( date.hours == 23 && date.minutes == 55 )//actual time check
        {
            clearInterval( interval );//kills the loop
            //... do something ...
        }
    }
}
}

note that this is executed client-side so the client time will be used. there may be a way to sync it to a server time though.
hope it helps

A: AS3 has timeouts (e.g. setTimout) like JavaScript. The use of setTimeout in AS is talked about here. Given the two dates (now and when the alarm should trigger), compute the difference in milliseconds and use it as the timeout parameter.
Alternatively (and ever so much less efficiently, but not enough to bat an eye over), setTimeout could be run every minute and if it is the "magical time" (or past it when the previous interval was before!, remember need 2x the frequency to observe all changes and a clock-shift could occur...) then sound the alarm.
Note that there are some limitations like the AS host being closed during the timeout period or clock shifts. Likely no DST to worry about here, but daylight-savings issues do come up when dealing with dates/times.
Happy coding.
Edit: AS also has the Timer class which is an wrapper for setTimeout/setInterval/clearTimeout/clearInterval functionality. In any case, if "working with objects" is preferred.

A: I haven't tested it but something like this should work...
 var eventDate:Date = new Date();
 eventDate.setHours( 23, 55 );
 var now:Date = new Date();

 var delay:Number = eventDate.time - now.time;

 if( delay > 0 )//if we haven't yet passed 23:55
 {
   var timer:Timer = new Timer( delay , 1 );
   timer.addEventListener( TimerEvent.TIMER , yourMethod );
   timer.start();
 }

A: I believe the above solutions work; however, they appear to be very costly in terms of performance.  I have a two-liner that is (relatively) elegant and straight-forward.  The solution uses an anonymous function, client-side time, and assumes you are given a parameter, startDate:Date.  I have not tested this, so there might be a simple logic error, but the idea should give someone ideas.
var timer:Timer = (new Timer(startDate.time - (new Date()).time, 1)).addEventListener(TimerEvent.TIMER, function():void {
    // This area is called after the allocated time.
});
timer.start();

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What it was like to study: Physics at University
by Matthew Peacock | Aug 19, 2018 | Education, Students, University | 0 comments
Hi, I'm Matt, and I studied a Masters in Physics (conveniently abbreviated to 'MPhys') at the University of Warwick. I now work for Get My Grades as a Physics Content Creator and in this latest edition of 'What it was like to Study…' I'm going to tell you a little more about what it was like to study Physics at university.
The Masters Course is a four-year-course and this was what I originally signed up for through UCAS. I was relieved to find out that the first two years of this 'integrated masters' course and the first two years of the three-year 'bachelors' in Physics course were exactly the same, so my decision wasn't written in stone. I ended up enjoying the course so much that I stuck around for all four years anyway!
Most students who study Physics don't end up pursuing careers in science. The good thing about a course like Physics is that it allows students to pursue their interests and curiosity while acquiring mathematical and problem-solving skills which are valued in many careers. For me this was: learning about stars, the universe, and the weird world of quantum physics. During my degree, I found out that the three-year bachelors course might be more suited to those students who go on to follow careers outside of science. Among my course-mates and friends this included occupations as varied as the finance sector and patent law. On the other hand, the four-year 'Masters' course is preferable for those who want to continue in the field of science, whether that is in research or industry, or for those who haven't figured out yet what to do after university.
What I particularly enjoyed was the freedom I had in picking modules in the last years of my course. While I only had one option to pick between two modules in my first year of study (I went to the lectures for both of them), the freedom of choice steadily increased throughout the course. This also included the freedom to choose modules from other courses, such as languages or business-school subjects. I even took a philosophy module at university!
In my final year we were allowed to pick all of our modules ourselves. Personally I favoured astrophysics modules – 'High Energy Astrophysics', 'The Distant Universe', and 'General Relativity' among my choices in my fourth year. We were also allowed to pick our own research-project, which was carried out with a partner with help from a supervisor, and involved doing real research in the field. This gave me the opportunity to carry out a project whose aim was to find stars in the night sky which might be linked to the origin of gravitational waves.
For anyone with an interest in Physics, I would highly recommend looking into the course as a path of future study. Even if you are not certain about your career, if you enjoy the subject your studies will not be wasted. It is far easier and more exciting to learn about what genuinely interests you than picking a degree you are not sure will interest you, and employers are always on the lookout for physics graduates. Also, you get to spend lots of time impressing your friends with things you learn from your lectures – like supernovae, black holes, and explaining why the sky is blue (as well as confusing them with quantum physics). You might even find that during your degree you come to like the course so much that you decide to follow a career in science.
So what are you waiting for? Learn more about what you can do with a Physics degree on the UCAS website here!
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These cartoons first appeared on Facebook and Twitter during the wild and woolly month of January 2018. If you have ever found yourself thinking, "I wish my daily social media experience featured more math puns," then I encourage you to (A) Follow Math with Bad Drawings! and (B) Take a long, careful look in the mirror to see what you've become.
Some folks on Facebook offered optimistic predictions that the pattern is quadratic, with a negative leading coefficient. This is an adorable sentiment, so please don't spoil their innocence by disagreeing with them.
Meanwhile, somebody on Twitter suggested sin(x)/x, which is a nice "end of history" prediction. My personal worry is that the world is more like x sin(x).
Although I meant this cartoon as a vicious elbow into the ribs of my British friends, folks on Facebook instead took the opportunity to educate me about the typographical differences between German and English.
This one struck a nerve: by the numbers, it's the most popular cartoon I've ever shared on Facebook. My own experience: patiently drawing and discussing diagrams like the one in the second panel really ought to help folks understand how the distributive property works. And it really doesn't. Clearly I am really bad at it.
In contrast to the prior comic, this was one of the least popular cartoons I've ever posted, but I stand by it. History will judge that this is the best joke I've ever written.
This is my go-to line for salvaging a useless lesson. Well… salvaging it rhetorically, anyway. It doesn't really salvage the lesson itself. Also, note that no finite number of points can ever constitute an actual through-line for your curriculum.
Some folks thought the day I posted this was my birthday, which it was not – although those who wished me a happy birthday were certainly in keeping with the spirit of the comic. Also, a Spanish speaker on Facebook pointed out that the cartoon makes no sense in translation, because the Spanish word for "birthday" means something more like "year completion." Spanish: language of love and logic.
Pro cartooning tip: You can get away with lousy puns if you draw a skeptical character saying how bad the puns are. Still, I was feeling shy about posting this – it's a bit like putting a red rubber nose on the legacy of a civil rights hero – until I saw my offense pales in comparison to that egregious Super Bowl ad.
This is sort of how I feel about all mnemonics. My personal philosophy: mnemonics for definitions (e.g., SOHCAHTOA) are useful. Mnemonics for computational strategies (FOIL) and easily derived facts (ASTC), nope.
[Y]ou have turned your back on common men, on their elementary needs and their restricted time and intelligence […] I ask: who the hell is this Joyce who demands so many waking hours of the few thousands I have still to live for a proper appreciation of his quirks and fancies and flashes of rendering?
If any gifted singers out there want to belt this line at the top of their lungs and then send me the mp3, please feel encouraged!
This cartoon generated lots of great discussion on Twitter and Facebook, and – anecdotally – I saw a cultural split. British educators identified with the teacher in the comic; American educators, with the student.
On this matter, as many others, I am a true American. Best I can tell, the reason we "rationalize the denominator" is a historical artifact: in the absence of a calculator, it's much easier to do the long division for √2 divided by 2 than for 1 divided by √2. For pedagogical purposes, I'm with James Tanton: the standard manipulation is worth learning, but works better when accompanied by other manipulations. It better captures the nature of mathematical technique, and is actually more engaging and puzzle-y.
In 2016, I happened to have a Leap Day Child in my homeroom class. We celebrated his third birthday with enthusiasm. He'll turn 4 in 2020.
Also, I learnt there are levels beyond extra pedantic: One commenter sagely pointed out that the comic should read "how many Leap Days you've lived through." Touché!
My father (a mathematician) has a quintessentially mathematical memory: it flushes out all extraneous details, stores the minimum data necessary, and reconstructs facts from the available information. That reconstructive process is characteristic of all human memory, but is especially valuable in mathematics, where it mirrors the deductive reasoning at the heart of the discipline.
You can't see it in the scan, but the "painting" is of a smiling pig. $10,000 is a bargain if you ask me.
I've been known to say a few ill words about Harry Potter's best mate (particularly as he appears in the films, where I firmly believe the characters Fred, George, and Ron should have been folded into a single character called "Ron Weasley"). Still, I get where the guy is coming from. Also working against him: He has five older, more popular brothers, and a hot younger sister who's in love with his best friend. Plus he's from a demographic category subject to awful prejudice in the UK: gingers. The guy needs a break.
In reality, I just said, "Sure, Ryland, that sounds attainable." But this is what I said later, in my head, and it's my blog, so that counts.
Also, it surprised me to see how many Facebook commenters hadn't heard of Gladwell! I suppose his name recognition peaked sometime in the early-to-mid 2000s, so folks a decade younger than me may not be as familiar with his work.
I drew this one on a $0 commission for Jim Propp's January essay at Mathematical Enchantments. Like all his posts, it's a fun read – check it out!
I laughed like a hyena at the Euclidean cartoon! My hubby didn't get it though which made me laugh harder.
I've read Finnegans Wake (it took me 15 years after my first attempt) but haven't read Harry Potter. Does that make me like Beyoncé, but for outliers?
I feel like you're a 5-sigma outlier for Joyce and a 1.5-sigma outlier for Rowling. Beyoncé is a 6-sigma outlier for being Beyoncé. So the question is whether having readership of Finnegans Wake and non-readership of Harry Potter are positively or negatively correlated. I could see it going either way!
Ah, good for Swift! If you're going to go satire, you can at least nail the scaling.
As I recall from Propp's essay, varying food supply with the cube winds up working because two other nonlinearities (in metabolism and something else?) wind up cancelling out.
I can't find this essay (too many confounds). Link?
This is a false dichotomy. One mathematician's easily-derivable facts are another mathematician's definitions. Asking "what is a cosine?" or "what is an orthogonal linear map?" or "what is a maximal ideal?" or even "what is a negative number?" you can turn up at least three definitions for each that are all equivalent, and which one is the definition and which one is an easily-derivable fact is arbitrary, a matter of personal preference above all.
I don't have a point exactly, just a problem with your personal philosophy.
Hmmph. Must be a fun life, going around sticking knives into people's 18-word personal philosophies and sauntering off!
FWIW, I grant that you're right about the epistemology here, but my point is about the pedagogy. For an 11th grader, "cosine" is an x-coordinate on the unit circle. That's worth memorizing, but easily derivable facts (e.g., that cos(0) = 1, or cos > 0 for angles between 270 and 360) are not. No trig student needs to worry whether the true essence of cosine is the Taylor series. The flexible variety of definitions is more of a global property of mathematics; localized to any particular class or topic, there's often a natural choice of basis.
Okay, you're right. Sort of. You do need to memorize what words mean – some definition or another. But I think even at the level of HS education, it's often useful to have a few equivalent definitions ("x coordinate on the unit circle" vs "opposite over hypotenuse") and pick your favorite to memorize. So thinking about it more, I like your rule of thumb, but I think different acronyms can be good for different people, based on which definition they need to memorize, based on which definition makes the most sense to them.
Yeah, I think that's quite fair! And now that you've prompted me to think more deeply about it, I have to admit my rule of thumb doesn't cover all that many cases. Differentiation rules in calculus, for example, can be deduced on the spot with varying degrees of difficulty, but calculus students are generally better off memorizing most of them.
Just about to start rationalising the denominator with my Year 10s. Maybe I should show them your cartoon first.
You make me laugh. Out loud. Thank you!
What were the mathematician's first two wishes to the genie? My guesses would be finding the solution to the P=NP problem and getting to interview Terence Tao.
That works, but then why does the genie ask for his "last" wish? I would still wish that I would find the solution to P=NP.
Actually, never mind! I'd wish for a free Hamilton ticket.
Why the hell doesn't the giant get 128 eggs? His stomach is 4^3 times bigger, so he should get 4^3 times as many eggs!
Lol. Nobody's got time to click *all* the links, but in this case Jim's essay is great!
I showed your (a+b)^2 to my pre-calc class today, and they thought it was extremely funny.
Then, when we get to binomial mulitplication and factoring, I point out how important b is, how essential to determining the position of the parabola.
So what *doesn't* have b? I teach binomial multiplcation with the rectangle, so it's easy to show visually: it won't have b when the corner linear terms cancel out.
Since I began teaching it this way, I've had much fewer problems with that.
On the other hand, the square root thing–still a problem.
We are also working on rationalizing expressions. I'm with you. I think it's a pointless exercise, useful only for reinforcing the meaning of the term "rational number". In fact, a lot of "right answers" in calculus are something something something over the square root of x^2 + 1.
We know that maths is fathers of logic that has limitations formula because of all use others concept.


Happy Belated 1st Birthday Kinect!
With all the commotion that's been happening lately, I almost forgot to wish my little techno wizard gadget pal a happy 1st birthday! I was actually celebrating an alive friend's 30th birthday so I hope you'll understand. Never the less, in honour of this monumental milestone, I thought I'd put together a little recap of how you came into this retrospectively archaic world of ours and changed the lives of so many people in the process. So, without further adue, lets dim the lights start the slideshow. Roll it!
Well it's been quite the year now hasn't it? As soon as you saw the light of day, everybody wanted to get to know you. There was so much hype surrounding you, people just had to see what all the ruckus was about as soon as they got the chance. Parents wanted to share you with their kids, gamers wanted to see if you were the real deal, and hackers, well, they only wanted you to be the best darn you you could possibly be. From the day you were born, you were destined for greatness. Hell, within the first 2 months you were already breaking world records simply based on your popularity alone! Now that's something to brag about. But knowing how cool, calm and humble you are, you didn't even bother updating your Facebook status to something like "Fastest selling consumer electronics device. 8 mil in 60 days, no bigs".
While people were enjoying your company in their living rooms; helping them loose weight or participate in a little family fun time, others just weren't that impressed. "How the hell are you gonna play a shooter with this thing! I like guns and explosions! Raaaawr!" cried the "Hard C0re" gamer. Yes, you couldn't make everyone happy, but ya know what, screw them buddy! You know who you are and so do the majority of us out there. You're so much more than a gaming accessory. You're a window into the future. Next slide please.
Your parents always knew you'd be the apple of their eye. But they had no idea how fast you'd grow in front of their very eyes, exceeding all of their expectations. It took a contest on your behalf before the world really knew how much potential you truly had and before you knew what was going on, you were changing the way we interact with technology. Pretty impressive for a 6 day old I must say.
While all of this front page news was happening, a group of very curious people wanted to get to know you a little bit more intimately than most. They could see the potential in your eyes and began to dream of a world where you would be the center of it all! Creating a new way of interfacing with machines, helping those less fortunate, improving the way we use application, mixing live entertainment with stunning visual effects. Thanks to you, we will no longer be chained to germ infested mice or keyboards. We can use gestures and vocalize commands in order to communicate our messages to machines. And there you'll be. Right in the middle of it all, with your glowing eyes and reassuring nods from time to time. As humble as ever.
So here's to a great first year! Things are only looking up from this point forward. It turns out that your parents have decided to officially share your full potential with the rest of the world! I hope you're ready for one heck of a crazy second time spin around the block. I for one can't wait to see what's in store.


Want a free roleplay date scene? Many scenes to choose form and join. Note: All rp dates are close rp's unless suggested by the couple. Maximum of one couple per rp. If you want the same scene, just owl Vascilissa.
This group is for any and all lovers of books! Especially those who enjoy sharing what they are reading! So come on in, find a comfy reading spot, and feel free to discuss books to your hearts content.
This is the common room for only huffpuffs. Where you can talk about classes, professor's, and everything in between.


On 21 August 2018 Indonesia Investments released the latest edition of its newsletter. This free newsletter, which is sent to our subscribers once per week, contains the most important news stories from Indonesia that have been reported on our website over the past seven days. Most of the topics involve economy and market-related topics such as Bank Indonesia's monetary policy, the 2019 State Budget, the July trade deficit, and much more.


Some Type Of social media after is essential for the majority of new companies. However, getting things moving past the starting blocks (and past a couple of followers who are mostly family and friends), can feel like an uphill battle.
CrowdFire came to my attention Once I looked For a way to develop my Twitter account. I have been using it myself now for several months, and I'm quite happy with the outcomes. I'm so pleased to eventually get around to sharing them with you. Let's begin.
CrowdFire Is a web-based utility that"plumbs in" to your social media accounts. Initially designed as a Twitter tool, it now has functionality for Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram and Pinterest. CrowdFire helps you automate the repetitive tasks involved with growing a subsequent on social media.
For example, when I first set up the Twitter Account for this website, I would spend time identifying individuals in the house freelancing and working markets, and follow them in the hope they'd follow me back and interact later on. CrowdFire helps you find these individuals and makes it very fast to add them. Even more usefully, it makes it possible to keep tabs on people who don't follow you back or people that are not really worth following and inactive, so that you may keep the record.
It will Plenty more besides; It locates relevant content you can share to help you keep your accounts alive and busy, indicates tweaks to your own accounts to help them perform better, and does it with a very contemporary"bot" style interface which takes just a couple of minutes every day to handle.
After Granting CrowdFire permission to handle your desired social media accounts (I primarily use it for Twitter), all you need to do is access the service once daily and follow the directions it provides you.
For Example, on a normal day, it is going to give me a choice of relevant content to pick from to share on my timeline. Then it will suggest some reports for me to squint since they've not reciprocated in after me. Next, I'll find a listing of new reports that are suggested to follow because they are fans of similar people in my niches, or because they've been tweeting about relevant keywords.
On some Days, I will acquire additional tasks, like feeding in much more relevant keywords, checking my automated message to individuals who accompany me, or checking that the info in my own"About" section remains relevant. 1 feature I particularly like is that if the machine notices I keep ignoring a task, it is going to provide the option of suspending it doesn't bother me for a short time with it to me.
What CrowdFire essentially does for me is almost Completely automate a task that has been previously taking 20 minutes each day (and frequently not getting done due to additional pressures). But I can grab two moments every day to perform it.
Most Importantly, my follower count on Twitter continues to grow at a fantastic rate, and climbs with relevant followers, thanks to the fact they're people I know are interested in homeworking and design.
It's also very important to reemphasize my Followers are relevant followers, who are interested in the sort of material my tweets about. They're followers who click through to the site retweet them and socialize with my articles, like them. This is extremely important, if not one of those people take a look at your content, as there's no point having a big follower number for dressing.
The numbers above prove I Can carry on doing What I'm doing and steadily increase my Twitter after (at least until I am following 5000 individuals , when things get a little more difficult). I have recently tipped on the 2000 mark, as you can see below!
All these Numbers make CrowdFire worth each cent. And it's possible to do all this with the version that is free also — albeit in a dramatically slower rate unfollow limits.
Users who gave Crowdfire a Positive review said that the program is a great tool for scheduling posts. They also shared that it permits them add the followers of their opponents and to track their community.
1 change that's bugged me is that you utilized To be able to bang down repeatedly on the mouse button to trace or unfollow individuals. CrowdFire recently changed so that you now have to scroll down and click each green"and" icon in turn (as shown in the screenshot below).
This is A good thing, since it ensures you at least glance at who you're following. It stops you treating the entire thing as an exercise that is automatic and being idle. But it's made it all take a tiny bit longer.
Review of Crowdfire on G2 Crowd stated that the program is his tool for handling his brand's Twitter followers. He shared that his favourite feature is the one that allows him to incorporate their opponents' followers. In addition, he added that Crowdfire includes a iPhone app that was great.
How to Create a Facebook Business Page in 6 Steps — A Facebook company page is a completely free profile you can make for product, brand, or your organization. Have a look at this article at which we proceed through the steps of producing a Facebook Business Page.
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There was no mention of a Free trial on Crowdfire's website. However, interested users may subscribe to their program and start using their services instantly.
Yes. You can cancel your paid Subscription still and anytime continue using your plan until the end of their billing period. Following that, your accounts will be converted to the program.
You will have to wait until The end of your current billing period until you may upgrade or downgrade your subscription. You may speak to the Crowdfire service team from within the program if you need the account modification.
As I just Said, CrowdFire is available free, subject to some limitations, but there are a few premium options available too.
It is Potential to try out what CrowdFire has to offer without spending any cash at all, but as you can see in the above, you are limited to a single account per networking. You're also limited in suggested content you're given to share, and in terms of how a lot of people / unfollow each day can be followed by you.
Utilizing CrowdFire is a bit of a"no brainer" if you're keen to build up your social media profile. It helps you do the kind of things a social media agency would bill you for, but at a really low cost, all at a few minutes per day or at no cost.
It pays dividends Who you're after, and it is always vital that you provide your followers if you are going to keep them curious. Employing CrowdFire does not do everything for you!


Energy prices across the West cooled this week, as did temperatures throughout the region after daytime high temperatures moderated.
With less need for air conditioning, Western daytime power prices lost as much as $17.90/MWh in June 3-10 trading. After posting the greatest gains last week, Mid-Columbia tumbled $17.90 to $15.10/MWh.
Similarly, average nighttime power prices dropped between 90 cents and as much as $12 in trading. Prices June 10 ranged from $11.65/MWh at Mid-C to $21.05/MWh at South of Path 15.
Working natural gas in storage was 2,972 Bcf as of June 3, according to U.S. Energy Information Administration estimates. This is a net increase of 65 Bcf compared to the previous week. Storage levels are now 28.5 percent greater than a year ago and 32.1 percent greater than the five-year average.
Henry Hub gas spot values added 2 cents in Thursday-to-Thursday trading, ending at $2.32/MMBtu June 9.
Western natural gas values also fell as the heat dissipated. Average prices dropped between 2 cents and as much as 62 cents. Sumas posted the greatest loss, down 62 cents to end at $1.30/MMBtu Thursday.
Some of the drop may be attributed to Canadian import prices, noted the EIA in its weekly analysis. "Prices at western import points fell substantially this week, and are well below the Henry Hub price," said the agency, which reports on a Wednesday-to-Wednesday basis. The Northwest Sumas hub fell 30 cents/MMBtu to $1.59/MMBtu, while "the price at Kingsgate, which reflects the price of imported gas into Idaho, fell from $2.06/MMBtu to $1.87/MMBtu."
Demand peaked on the CAISO grid at 40,091 MW June 3, which was the high for the June 3-9 period. Total renewables production on the CAISO grid reached 12,269 MW June 6. Total solar production reached 7,223 MW June 3, while thermal generation peaked that same day at 18,660 MW.
Northwest Power Pool demand reached a high of 60,598 MW June 6.
Diablo Canyon Unit 2, which began its return to service June 2 after refueling and maintenance, was fully operational as of June 9, according to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission [Linda Dailey Paulson].


Pastels are everywhere for summer, which will hardly come as a shock, but it is a perfect time to reignite our relationship with the often unfairly maligned colour pink.
Pink hues in make-up work on everyone – yes, even those with pink undertones to their skin. If you are on the pink side, prepare skin well with good skincare and get yourself a great concealer. Pink blush will not make you look pinker, or clownish. Pink lipstick is not a poor woman's red, and pink eyeshadow is far more wearable than you might think. So think pink.
Though of course it does not give a pink hue to the skin, Clinique Moisture Surge 72-hour auto-replenishing moisturiser (€34) is famously associated with its pink colour and delectably gelatinous texture. I always take fright when a brand has the audacity to reformulate one of my favourite products, but Clinique has somehow made this even better. Anyone with dehydrated skin (that is more or less everyone) from their teens to their advanced years will benefit from this. It is a sensational base for make-up.
Since Trinny Woodall's stackable, clutz-proof make-up line, Trinny London, launched online at Brown Thomas, Flush Blush in Wiggs (€30 at brownthomas.com) has been my daily go-to blush. It is perfection – the ideal pink – neither too purple nor too yellow; not insipid, saccharine or too ruddy. In other words, it falls into none of the traps pinks can be prone to. Dab it on with fingers to enliven a tired face. It works on all skins.
Depending on the shade, a pink blush will suit everyone. I almost overlooked Erdem for NARS Loves Me Not Blush (€31.50 at Brown Thomas) recently because, frankly, it looks uninspiring and a tad leached of colour in the pan. Thank goodness I didn't. When applied, it is a gentle, buttery pink flush that makes pale skin sing arias. Give it a chance – you won't regret it. It is equally beautiful run very softly over the eyelid for a tonal (not frightening) make-up look.
The consecutive flurry of various Urban Decay Naked palettes, while nice and mostly very wearable, was getting a bit tedious. Nudes eyeshadows are pretty, but the heart yearns for something with a little more chutzpah. The hotly anticipated Urban Decay Backtalk Palette (€43 at Urban Decay Grafton Street and House of Fraser from June 14th) is the talk of palette enthusiasts everywhere, and for good reason. Arising from customers' love of its eponymous pink-mauve lipstick, the Backtalk Palette is infinitely more wearable than you might first think, for day or evening.
L'Oréal Paris Color Riche Shine Lipstick (€13.85 at boots.ie) is the easiest and most comfortable lipstick that has come my way in a while, and is like a cool glass of water to the matte lip trend, which has been rather arid and uninspiring. These pack excellent pigment and feel soft and sumptuous to wear. Choose #Trending for a howling hot pink or Only in Paradise for a wearable but entirely complimentary pop of colour.


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You are at:Home»Lists»May 23, 2013: What Happens When You are on a Bridge When it Collapses? (10 More Famous Bridge Disasters)
May 23, 2013: What Happens When You are on a Bridge When it Collapses? (10 More Famous Bridge Disasters)
By Major Dan May 23, 2018 Updated: March 28, 2020 No Comments8 Mins Read
On May 23, 2013, the Interstate-5 bridge over the Skagit River collapsed suddenly, dumping 2 occupied cars into the river. Incredibly, not only did the occupants survive, they did not suffer any severe injuries. Often the results are much different and much more tragic. Today we discuss some of the famous bridge collapses through History, with an eye toward ones that are particularly deadly, interesting, or unique. (See our previous article on August 1, 2007, "10 Famous Bridge Collapses.")
1. I-5 Bridge over the Skagit River, 2013.
As stated above, this harrowing incident that dumped 2 cars carrying 3 people into the drink did not result in fatalities, a rare lucky break for such victims. This Mt. Vernon, Washington bridge collapsed when an oversized truck hit the overhead support beams causing rapid failure of one of the spans. Built in 1955, the bridge was considered "obsolete" though it was deemed safe. This incident is not the only I-5 bridge collapse, as the Coalinga, California highway bridge over the Arroyo Pasajero collapsed in 1995 when heavy rains brought tons of rushing water that undermined the bridge supports, collapsing 2 spans and killing 7 people.
2. Eitai Bridge, Tokyo, 1807
Also known as the Eitai-bashi, this wooden bridge over the Sumida River in Edo (now Tokyo) failed due to being overloaded by throngs of festival goers. One of the deadliest bridge disasters in history, the failure and collapse resulted in between 500 and 1500 deaths.
3. Dry Creek Bridge, Eden, Colorado, 1904.
The Dry Creek Bridge disaster claims top spot for the deadliest bridge disaster in United States History, with 111 people killed when a flash flood hit the railway bridge outside of Pueblo, Colorado, instantly washing the front half of the train off the bridge. Fourteen of the victims were never found. The engineer had slowed the train to about 15 mph in response to thunderstorm/washout warnings when the wall of water hit the train as it crossed a normally dry arroyo. Further death was avoided when brakemen on Pullman cars pulled the brakes, preventing even more cars from washing off the bridge. One car dangled 4 feet over the edge, terrifyingly close to killing those aboard. The locomotive was found in the mud next to the bridge, but the "chair car" was found a mile downstream, while a baggage car and a smoking car ended up 4 miles downstream. One of the victims was found 22 miles away! Within 24 hours the damaged bridge was rebuilt and again carrying train traffic.
4. Bridge on the River Kwai, Burma Railway, 1943.
This is the case of a fictional bridge featured in a novel and a 1957 World War II movie starring William Holden and Alec Guinness that won 7 Oscars (Academy Awards). Despite its fictional nature, this bridge being destroyed by the Allied prisoners of war that built it as slave labor for the Japanese Army is probably the most famous bridge destruction in history. The film depicts horrid conditions for and treatment of the prisoners, but the reality was even worse! The Japanese used Allied POW's as slave labor and did not hesitate to torture or kill those that did not work satisfactorily. The real life Burma Railway Bridge on the River Kwai was a modern looking steel bridge, not the home-made looking wooden contraption shown in the movie.
5. Broughton Suspension Bridge, 1831.
As with the Angers Bridge Disaster of 1850, the failure of the Broughton Suspension Bridge was caused by soldiers marching across the span "in step," the harmonic rhythm of their footfalls causing an iron support of the chain suspension to crash down, taking the bridge and the soldiers with it. At least this time 20 soldiers were injured but none died (unlike Angers where over 200 died). This incident caused a British Army order for soldiers to "break step" and march out of time when crossing bridges. This practice (which the USMC calls "rout step") was followed when the author served in the US Marine Corps.
6. Ponte des Barcas, Oporto, Portugal, 1809.
During the Napoleonic Wars the French had invaded the Iberian Peninsula, often leaving a reputation for savagery (on both sides of the fight) in their wake. When French troops with fixed bayonets advanced on a large crowd of Portuguese soldiers and citizens those Portuguese chose to flee in the face of slaughter. Unfortunately, the route of their retreat took them across a bridge over a river that Portuguese soldiers who had already crossed the bridge had begun to sabotage. Meanwhile, Portuguese artillery had begun firing at the French who were close on the heels of the fleeing Portuguese on the far side of the bridge, accidentally hitting the bridge with artillery fire. The mass of people, many of which were civilians, combined with the sabotage measures and artillery spelled doom for about 4000 people that died when the crowded bridge collapsed.
7. San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge and Cypress Street Viaduct, 1989.
When you think of places not to be during an earthquake, bridges should rank high on your list (along with high rise buildings, elevators, amusement park rides and various towers). When an earthquake (Loma Prieta Quake) hit the San Francisco area in 1989, one of the structures that failed was the Interstate-80 bridge over the Bay, although fortunately only 1 person died in the collapse. On that same day (October 17, 1989), the same earthquake took down the upper deck of the Cypress Street Viaduct carrying Interstate-880 (known as The Nimitz Freeway) which crashed down on the lower deck, killing 42 people.
8. Eschede Train Disaster, 1998.
People are always inventing new ways to die and cause disaster, and this incident was unique in that it was caused by a speeding train that derailed, killing 101 people and injuring another 88 in the worst high speed rail accident to date. The train was zipping along at about 125 mph when a steel "tire" came off a wheel and through the floor of a passenger car. A passenger immediately notified a conductor, but the train continued until the damage caused a derailment in Lower Saxony not far from Hanover. The conductor refused to pull the emergency brake and instead decided to "further investigate" causing several cars to derail and slam into an automotive roadway over pass, destroying the car bridge.
9. I-285 Bridge over GA-400, Atlanta, 2001.
This incident presented another novel way to render a bridge unusable, when a tanker truck overturned while travelling on the GA-400 state route and burst into flames. Unfortunately, the fire occurred right under the I-285 overpass, engulfing the span in flames and softening the steel members of the bridge with the high temperature flames. Luckily no one was killed and there was only 1 injury. Repairs were addressed quickly and the bridge was reopened for traffic only 4 weeks later.
10. Florida International University pedestrian bridge collapse, 2018.
In the news just recently on March 15, 2018, the collapse of a footbridge can usually be expected to result in death or injury to pedestrian traffic on the bridge. Not this time! This time the new bridge was not even open to foot traffic yet and was in the stage where the tension on supporting post rods was being adjusted. Meanwhile, the road under the bridge had just been opened to traffic, so when the 950 ton section of bridge collapsed cars waiting for a red light underneath the structure were crushed, resulting in 6 deaths and 9 injuries. The 320 foot long pedestrian bridge was to carry foot traffic over a roadway and a canal that alongside the road. The roadway under the bridge, The Tamiami Trail, was a considerable obstacle for pedestrians, with 6 lanes of traffic and 2 turn lanes. Sadly, an engineer had reported cracks in the bridge supports 2 days before the collapse, but the damage was considered minor and not prohibitively dangerous. A report of the cracks was forwarded to the Florida Department of Transportation, but the intended recipient of the message was out of work for several days and did not get the information until after the collapse. Ironically, a meeting of engineers was being held to discuss repairing the cracks and concluded no immediate danger existed only a couple hours before the disaster happened!
Question for students (and subscribers): What incidents would you add to the list? Please let us know in the comments section below this article.
Åkesson, Bjorn. Understanding Bridge Collapses. CRC Press, 2008.
Barry, Myles. Examining Bridge Collapses. The Oliver Press, 2015.
The featured image in this article, a photograph by Martha T of the I-5 Bridge over the Skagit River collapsed after a truck hit the trusses, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. This image was originally posted to Flickr by roswellsgirl at https://www.flickr.com/photos/46248775@N00/8809912944. It was reviewed on 25 May 2013 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.
You can also watch a video version of this article on YouTube:
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Doors Open Hamilton and Jane's Walks 2016
A condensed version of this article originally appeared on the Hamilton HIVE website.
Doors Open Hamilton and Jane's Walks are two annual events that mark the beginning of spring for me. They're both the perfect excuse to wander and explore Hamilton's unique and storied history, learning about the people and places that have helped shape the city we live and work in today.
I began my day of urban adventuring by stopping at a number of Doors Open Hamilton sites in the downtown core. Organized by the Architectural Conservancy of Ontario Hamilton Region Branch, in partnership with the Hamilton Burlington Society of Architects, Doors Open Hamilton is a chance to see inside buildings that often aren't open to the public. This year, 30 buildings opened their doors to the public, including the Cotton Factory, which will be home of the HIVEX 2016 Conference in November.
The Textile Building
I began my Doors Open Hamilton tour at the Textile Building. Tucked between Bay and Caroline, the Textile Building isTextileBuilding1 located at 10 George Street. The four-storey red brick building was built in 1874 (with modifications in 1903), and it was redeveloped in 1988. It's currently being renovated by Core Urban Inc. into a contemporary office building. The Textile Building was originally home to the E. Van Allen Shirt Company, which manufactured shirts, collars, cuffs and other clothing.
The Doors Open Hamilton brochure promised a look at the before (unrenovated 4th floor), during (2nd floor), and after (a new glass-enclosed elevator in the four-storey atrium), but unfortunately, we were only able to view the second floor, which is currently being renovated into a contemporary office building that will include a gym and day care. Characterized by wood beams and exposed bricks, the Textile Building is stunning, in a raw and unfinished way. There's no doubt that this project is a work in progress, as evidenced by the empty cigarette packages and hand tools strewn around the site.
Pit Stop #1: St. Mark's Church
Three years ago, there was excitement when the Hamilton Spectator reported that the "boarded up St. Mark's Anglican Church on Bay Street South could be rescued from decay and given a new future under a city plan to turn the building into 'cultural programming space.'" As you can tell from these photos, little has changed in the past few years. St. Mark's Anglican Church was built in 1877 and closed more than a century later in 1889. It's been owned by the city since 1994. Read more about its "saga" here.
Central Presbyterian Church
Located on Charlton Avenue West, right across the street from Durand Coffee, Central Presbyterian Church is home to a congregation that is celebrating its 175th anniversary this year. Built in a neoclassical style in 1908, the church was built by the congregation after their location was destroyed by a fire in 1906. It was built by architect John M. Lyle, whose granddaughter Lorna Harris gave a number of talks on a number of sites during Doors Open Hamilton weekend. Many of her photos and artifacts were on view at Central Presbyterian.
I arrived just in time for the organ recital that began both Saturday and Sunday at 2 p.m. on the Casavant pipe organ, which is original to the building. Among other original elements at Central Presbyterian church are the interior oak panelling, decorative plaster, and English and Canadian stained glass.
After years of attending Doors Open Hamilton, I've noticed a similarity between all the churches I've visited. Church volunteers are among the most welcoming folks I've encountered, and they're always so willing to share the history and stories of their congregation and the buildings that house them.
Pit Stop #2: Durand Coffee
A new favourite coffee shoppe in Hamilton? Maybe! Post on this one coming soon.
Hamilton GO Centre (Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo Railway Museum – TH&B)
Next time you're at the Hamilton GO Centre, look up. Did you know there's a museum on the second floor that overlooks the main lobby of the station? It's small, but worth a visit, as it includes a number of artifacts related to transit and rail in Hamilton. The museum is located on the mezzanine level and is operated by retired staff.
The Hamilton GO Centre is located between James Street South and Hughson Street South. It was built in 1933 by architecture firm Fellheimer & Wagner, New York, and restored by Trevor Garwood-Jones in 1995. The building is "a rare example of an art moderne public building with curved forms, polished metals and machined detailing throughout." The gracious volunteer shared with me that the centre's benches, some of the windows, and many of the other features of the building that I'm in nearly every day are original to the 1930s. I'll see the Hamilton GO Centre in a completely different light now.
As Hamilton HIVE Vice-Chair Michael Parente explained in his article yesterday, "Jane's Walks are a wonderful opportunity to explore parts of the city that may otherwise go unnoticed." The Jane's Walk Secret Staircases gave me the opportunity to check out a site in Hamilton I've been hoping to find for years — Uli's Stairs.
Led by Mary Lou Tanner, the Chief Planner at the City of Burlington, Secret Staircases began at the base of the Kenilworth Stairs, in Hamilton's picturesque Rosedale neighbourhood. The group of approximately 15 of us climbed together, ending up on the Bruce Trail. After a half-kilometre trek along the trail where Mary Lou shared stories of Rosedale and the mysterious Uli, we arrived at the first of Uli's Stairs, a set of staircases built by Uli himself.
If you're not familiar with Uli, you're not the only one! He's been a mystery to journalists and Rosedale residents for years. Read about Uli (full name Ulrich) in this 2007 article in the Hamilton Spectator. His finely crafted stone staircases are a marvel, and the climb to the top is treacherous, as no rock is the same, and the incline is steep!
Even in his 70s, Uli is still adding to his masterpieces, recently adding benches that allow climbers to pause and take in the breathtaking view. I urge each of you to take the time to visit Uli's Stairs this spring. They're worth the trek to East Hamilton.
Labels: Doors Open
gritLIT 2016: Festival Weekend


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What services/programs are available for Senior Citizens in West Orange?
1. What services/programs are available for Senior Citizens in West Orange?
2. Where can I find out about local volunteer opportunities?
There are several places to find out about volunteer opportunities.