text:
/*
 * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
 * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package com.consolefire.data.commando.ui;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Cursor;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import com.consolefire.data.commando.DataCommandoUiConstants;
import com.consolefire.data.commando.DataCommandoUiContext;
import com.consolefire.data.commando.ResourceBundleManager;
import com.consolefire.data.commando.ui.core.WindowManager;
import com.consolefire.data.commando.ui.core.WindowUtil;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import static javax.swing.JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE;

/**
 *
 * @author sabuj.das
 */
public class DataCommandoBaseFrame extends javax.swing.JFrame {

    private static final WindowManager WINDOW_MANAGER = WindowManager.getManager();
    private static final DataCommandoUiContext context = DataCommandoUiContext.getContext();
    private static ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundleManager.getBundleManager().getResourceBundle();

    /**
     * Creates new form DataCommandoBaseFrame
     */
    public DataCommandoBaseFrame() {
        setTitle(bundle.getString("app.title")
                + " " + bundle.getString("app.version"));
        setSize(800, 640);
        setMinimumSize(getSize());
        //setIconImage((new ImageIcon(getClass().getResource("/images/file-splitter-icon_24x24.png"))).getImage());
        WindowUtil.bringToCenter(this);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        initComponents();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form.
     * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always
     * regenerated by the Form Editor.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">//GEN-BEGIN:initComponents
    private void initComponents() {
        java.awt.GridBagConstraints gridBagConstraints;

        baseStatusBar = new javax.swing.JToolBar();
        jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        windowManagerLabel = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jSeparator5 = new javax.swing.JToolBar.Separator();
        statusPanel = new javax.swing.JPanel();
        statusLabel = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jSeparator8 = new javax.swing.JToolBar.Separator();
        baseDesktopPane = new javax.swing.JDesktopPane();
        desktopImageLabel = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        baseMenuBar = new javax.swing.JMenuBar();
        fileMenu = new javax.swing.JMenu();
        addConnectionMenuItem = new javax.swing.JMenuItem();
        minimize2trayMenuItem = new javax.swing.JMenuItem();
        exitMenuItem = new javax.swing.JMenuItem();
        toolsMenu = new javax.swing.JMenu();
        dataCompareMenuItem = new javax.swing.JMenuItem();

        setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        baseStatusBar.setFloatable(false);
        baseStatusBar.setRollover(true);
        baseStatusBar.setMaximumSize(new java.awt.Dimension(36, 25));
        baseStatusBar.setMinimumSize(new java.awt.Dimension(47, 23));
        baseStatusBar.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(100, 23));

        jLabel1.setText(" ");
        baseStatusBar.add(jLabel1);

        windowManagerLabel.setText("Window Manager");
        windowManagerLabel.setEnabled(false);
        windowManagerLabel.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                windowManagerLabelMouseClicked(evt);
            }
            public void mouseEntered(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                windowManagerLabelMouseEntered(evt);
            }
            public void mouseExited(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                windowManagerLabelMouseExited(evt);
            }
            public void mousePressed(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                windowManagerLabelMousePressed(evt);
            }
            public void mouseReleased(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                windowManagerLabelMouseReleased(evt);
            }
        });
        baseStatusBar.add(windowManagerLabel);
        baseStatusBar.add(jSeparator5);

        statusPanel.setLayout(new java.awt.GridBagLayout());

        statusLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(javax.swing.SwingConstants.CENTER);
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.fill = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
        gridBagConstraints.weightx = 1.0;
        statusPanel.add(statusLabel, gridBagConstraints);

        baseStatusBar.add(statusPanel);
        baseStatusBar.add(jSeparator8);

        getContentPane().add(baseStatusBar, java.awt.BorderLayout.PAGE_END);

        baseDesktopPane.setDoubleBuffered(true);
        baseDesktopPane.setMinimumSize(new java.awt.Dimension(500, 300));
        baseDesktopPane.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(640, 350));
        baseDesktopPane.addComponentListener(new java.awt.event.ComponentAdapter() {
            public void componentResized(java.awt.event.ComponentEvent evt) {
                baseDesktopPaneComponentResized(evt);
            }
        });
        baseDesktopPane.setLayout(null);

        desktopImageLabel.setIcon(new javax.swing.ImageIcon(getClass().getResource("/images/dbex_128x128.png"))); // NOI18N
        baseDesktopPane.add(desktopImageLabel);
        desktopImageLabel.setBounds(364, 114, 260, 240);

        getContentPane().add(baseDesktopPane, java.awt.BorderLayout.CENTER);

        fileMenu.setText(bundle.getString("BaseFrame.fileMenu.text")); // NOI18N

        addConnectionMenuItem.setIcon(new javax.swing.ImageIcon(getClass().getResource("/images/new_connection.gif"))); // NOI18N
        addConnectionMenuItem.setText(bundle.getString("BaseFrame.addConnectionMenuItem.text")); // NOI18N
        fileMenu.add(addConnectionMenuItem);

        minimize2trayMenuItem.setAccelerator(javax.swing.KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(java.awt.event.KeyEvent.VK_X, java.awt.event.InputEvent.ALT_MASK));
        minimize2trayMenuItem.setText(bundle.getString("BaseFrame.minimize2trayMenuItem.text")); // NOI18N
        minimize2trayMenuItem.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                minimize2trayMenuItemActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        fileMenu.add(minimize2trayMenuItem);

        exitMenuItem.setAccelerator(javax.swing.KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(java.awt.event.KeyEvent.VK_F4, java.awt.event.InputEvent.ALT_MASK));
        exitMenuItem.setText(bundle.getString("BaseFrame.exitMenuItem.text")); // NOI18N
        exitMenuItem.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                exitMenuItemActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        fileMenu.add(exitMenuItem);

        baseMenuBar.add(fileMenu);

        toolsMenu.setText(bundle.getString("BaseFrame.toolsMenu.text")); // NOI18N

        dataCompareMenuItem.setText(bundle.getString("BaseFrame.dataCompareMenuItem.text")); // NOI18N
        toolsMenu.add(dataCompareMenuItem);

        baseMenuBar.add(toolsMenu);

        setJMenuBar(baseMenuBar);

        pack();
    }// </editor-fold>//GEN-END:initComponents

    private void windowManagerLabelMouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_windowManagerLabelMouseClicked
        // TODO add your handling code here:
    }//GEN-LAST:event_windowManagerLabelMouseClicked

    private void windowManagerLabelMouseEntered(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_windowManagerLabelMouseEntered
        windowManagerLabel.setForeground(DataCommandoUiConstants.LINK_FG_COLOR);
        windowManagerLabel.setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
    }//GEN-LAST:event_windowManagerLabelMouseEntered

    private void windowManagerLabelMouseExited(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_windowManagerLabelMouseExited
        windowManagerLabel.setForeground(Color.BLACK);
        windowManagerLabel.setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.DEFAULT_CURSOR));
    }//GEN-LAST:event_windowManagerLabelMouseExited

    private void windowManagerLabelMousePressed(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_windowManagerLabelMousePressed
        if (MouseEvent.BUTTON1 == evt.getButton() && windowManagerLabel.isEnabled()) {
            //windowManagerPopupMenu.show(evt.getComponent(), evt.getX(), evt.getY());
        }
    }//GEN-LAST:event_windowManagerLabelMousePressed

    private void windowManagerLabelMouseReleased(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_windowManagerLabelMouseReleased
        if (MouseEvent.BUTTON1 == evt.getButton() && windowManagerLabel.isEnabled()) {
            //windowManagerPopupMenu.show(evt.getComponent(), evt.getX(), evt.getY());
        }
    }//GEN-LAST:event_windowManagerLabelMouseReleased

    private void baseDesktopPaneComponentResized(java.awt.event.ComponentEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_baseDesktopPaneComponentResized
        Dimension d = baseDesktopPane.getSize();
        int x = d.width - 264;
        int y = d.height - 244;
        desktopImageLabel.setBounds(x, y, 260, 240);
    }//GEN-LAST:event_baseDesktopPaneComponentResized

    private void minimize2trayMenuItemActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_minimize2trayMenuItemActionPerformed
        ActionListener exitListener = new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                context.saveContext();
                System.exit(0);
            }
        };
        WindowUtil.minimizeToTray(this, new javax.swing.ImageIcon(getClass()
            .getResource("/images/file-splitter_24x24.png")).getImage(),
        exitListener);
    }//GEN-LAST:event_minimize2trayMenuItemActionPerformed

    private void exitMenuItemActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_exitMenuItemActionPerformed
        context.saveContext();
        System.exit(0);
    }//GEN-LAST:event_exitMenuItemActionPerformed

    // Variables declaration - do not modify//GEN-BEGIN:variables
    private javax.swing.JMenuItem addConnectionMenuItem;
    private javax.swing.JDesktopPane baseDesktopPane;
    private javax.swing.JMenuBar baseMenuBar;
    private javax.swing.JToolBar baseStatusBar;
    private javax.swing.JMenuItem dataCompareMenuItem;
    private javax.swing.JLabel desktopImageLabel;
    private javax.swing.JMenuItem exitMenuItem;
    private javax.swing.JMenu fileMenu;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1;
    private javax.swing.JToolBar.Separator jSeparator5;
    private javax.swing.JToolBar.Separator jSeparator8;
    private javax.swing.JMenuItem minimize2trayMenuItem;
    private javax.swing.JLabel statusLabel;
    private javax.swing.JPanel statusPanel;
    private javax.swing.JMenu toolsMenu;
    private javax.swing.JLabel windowManagerLabel;
    // End of variables declaration//GEN-END:variables
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Anybody here do FAWM or 50/90? I did my first FAWM this past February and was thinking about 50/90, which just started. But it seems a bit overwhelming right now. Just curious if anybody here was participating.
There's a very active and wonderfully supportive community, listen to songs and give some 'hey that was cools' and introduce yourself on the forum.
and remember, it doesn't matter if you do 5, 15, 50, or 100. It's that maybe you wouldn't have written them without participating. No one expects broadcast quality, simple worktapes or lyrics or cues, it doesn't matter. It's all about being creative!
Hey, good to know! Yeah, I've signed up with my FAWM account (ScreamieBirds) but won't be able to start until after vacay. So you've encouraged me to go ahead when I get back.
Btw, I remember finding your blog when I first started songwriting, I didn't find nearly as many blogs as I did when I was solely writing fiction and I wondered if songwriters/musicians blogged or if they were just too busy making music. Lol! I was so happy to find yours.
Glad to hear you enjoyed my blog! That's cool. See you on 50-90!!!
I did FAWM for the first time this year and it kind of segued into joining Taxi. I know Steven Guiles is a very active FAWM'r and Anna Y. participated as well I believe. My username is the same on FAWM by the way.


text:
BRITISH ARMED FORCES THE BEST
Veterans Against Terrorism
Justice For Northern Ireland Vetera
The Falklands War
Northern Ireland - The Troubles
Veterans Network
Colonel Richard Kemp
Marion Rogers
Anglo-African Wars
The Gulf War
Non-conflict deaths
United States Fallen
Lee Rigby Foundation
UK Veterans One Voice
Christina Drummond
Major André Gilbert Kempster, 8th Battalion, the Duke of Wellington's Regiment, Royal Armoured Corps
Remembering the Fallen: on this day in 1943, Major André Gilbert Kempster, 8th Battalion, the Duke of Wellington's Regiment, Royal Armoured Corps, died when he sacrificed his life to save others while serving near Phillipeville in Algeria.
Born Andre Gilberto Coccioletti in Westminster, he was educated at Cheltenham College, and had been working as a hotel manager at the Stafford Hotel in St. James, London. He enlisted with the Green Howards in May of 1939, at which time he changed his name by deed poll, preferring for it to not be Italian.
On the day of his death he had been instructing soldiers on how to throw hand grenades – he was with two others in a practice pit. One of the grenades rolled back into the pit after being thrown, and Major Kempster attempted to scoop it up to throw it back out, but was unable to do so. He then did not hesitate to throw himself on the grenade just before it exploded. He received fatal injuries but saved the lives of the two soldiers in the pit with him.
For this brave action he was awarded the George Cross, the citation for which reads: "The King has been graciously pleased to approve the posthumous award of the George Cross, in recognition of most conspicuous gallantry in carrying out hazardous work in a very brave manner, to: — Captain (temporary Major) Andre Gilbert Kempster (138804), Royal Armoured Corps." He is buried in the Bone War Cemetery, Annaba, Algeria.
Andre, from Pulborough in Sussex, was 26 years old
Able Seaman John Player Genower, Royal Navy
Gunner Miles Amos and Lance Bombardier Stephen Cummins, 5th Heavy Regiment Royal Artillery
Lance Corporal Tom Keogh, 4th Battalion, the Rifles
Veterans Radio>
Join the Veterans &
Peoples Party>
Forces News
Brian Wood MC
Jordan Wylie
Major Chris Hunter
Phil Campion SAS
Robin Horsfall SAS
In Remembrance
info@britisharmedforcesthebest.com
Regimental Flags
Remembrance Flags
Survival Wristbands
Military Covenant
© Copyright 2018 British Armed Forces The Best

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


1. Promotion Description: Pressure Cooker MOT begins on 20/10/2016 at 12:00pm (London) and ends on 17/11/2016 at 00:00pm (London) (the "Promotion Period"). By participating in the Competition, each entrant unconditionally accepts and agrees to comply with and abide by these Official Rules and the decisions of Meyer Group Ltd ("Sponsor"), which shall be final and binding in all respects. Sponsor is responsible for the collection, submission or processing of entries and the overall administration of the giveaway. Entrants should look solely to sponsor with any questions, comments or problems related to the competition.
2. Eligibility: Open to legal residents of the United Kingdom who are 13 or older. Void where prohibited or restricted by law. Sponsor and their respective parents, subsidiaries, affiliates, distributors, retailers, sales representatives, advertising and promotion agencies and each of their respective officers, directors and employees (collectively, the "Promotion Entities"), and members of their immediate families and/or persons living in the same household as such persons, are ineligible to enter the competition or win a prize.
3. Winner Selection: The winner will be selected by Meyer Group Ltd through a random drawand will be selected on 17/11/2016.
Winner will be notified by email at the email address provided in the entry information on the day of the random drawing.
Potential winner must accept a prize by email as directed by Sponsor within 7 days of notification.
Any winner notification not responded to or returned as undeliverable will result in prize forfeiture.
The potential prize winner may be required to sign and return an affidavit of eligibility and release of liability, and a Publicity Release (collectively "the Prize Claim Documents"). No substitution or transfer of a prize is permitted except by Sponsor.
Only one prize and seat per person and per household will be awarded. Gift cards and gift certificates are subject to the terms and conditions of the issuer. Prizes cannot be transferred, redeemed for cash or substituted by winner. Sponsor reserves the right in its sole and absolute discretion to award a substitute prize of equal or greater value if a prize described in these Official Rules is unavailable or cannot be awarded, in whole or in part, for any reason. The RRP of the prize represents Sponsor's good faith determination. That determination is final and binding and cannot be appealed. If the actual value of the prize turns out to be less than the stated RRP, the difference will not be awarded in cash. Sponsor makes no representation or warranty concerning the appearance, safety or performance of any prize awarded. Restrictions, conditions, and limitations may apply. Sponsor will not replace any lost or stolen prize items.
By entering this competition, you agree to future email communications from Meyer Group Ltd. If you would like you opt out of this communication, you can do so through the unsubscribe link on your email communications.
6. Limitation of Liability: Sponsor is not responsible for any incorrect or inaccurate information, whether caused by website users or by any of the equipment or programming associated with or utilised in the Competition or by any technical or human error, which may occur in the processing of submissions in the Competition. Sponsor assumes no responsibility for any misdirected or lost mail, or any error, omission, interruption, deletion, defect, delay of operation or transmission, communications line failure, theft or destruction or unauthorized access to, or alteration of, Entries. Sponsor is not responsible for any problems or technical malfunction of any telephone network or lines, computer online systems, servers or providers, computer equipment, software, failure of email or players on account of technical problems or traffic congestion on the Internet or at any website or combination thereof, including injury or damage to entrant's or any other person's computer related to or resulting from participating downloading materials in the Competition. If, for any reason, the Competition is not capable of running as planned, including infection by computer virus bugs, tampering, unauthorized intervention, fraud, technical failures, or any other causes beyond the control of Sponsor which corrupt or affect the administration, security, fairness, integrity or proper conduct of the Competition, then Sponsor reserves the right in its sole discretion to cancel, terminate, modify or suspend the Competition. In such event, Sponsor may, in its sole discretion, select the winner among all eligible Entries received prior to or after such cancellation, suspension, or modification.
In the event of a dispute concerning who registered to participate in the Competition, the registration will be declared to have been made by the authorized account holder is defined as the natural person who is assigned to an email address by an internet provider, online service provider, or other organisation (e.g., business, education institution, etc.) that is responsible for assigning email addresses for the domain associated with the submitted email address. A potential winner may be requested to provide Sponsor with proof that the potential winner is the authorized account holder of the email address. If a dispute cannot be resolved to Sponsor's satisfaction, the entry will be deemed ineligible.
7. Winner's List: To obtain a copy of any legally required winners list or a copy of the Official Rules, send the applicable request and a self-addresses, stamped, #10 envelope to Meyer Group Ltd cc: MOT your pressure cooker at Riverview Road, Bromborough, CH62 3RH. Request must be received no later than one week + 6 MONTHS for the name of the winner and, by the end of the promotion, for a copy of the rules.


text:
What Is a Puppy Mill? Why Are They Bad for Dogs?
Katherine Gallagher
Katherine Gallagher is a writer and sustainability expert. She holds a B.A. in English Literature from Chapman University and a Sustainable Tourism certificate from the GSTC.
Puppy mills are commercial breeding facilities that prioritize profit over the ethical treatment of animals. JethuynhCan / Getty Images
What Is a Puppy Mill?
Puppy Mills vs. Breeders
Why Are They Bad for Dogs?
Are They Legal?
How to Avoid Supporting Puppy Mills
A puppy mill is essentially a large-scale, high-volume commercial dog breeding operation with the primary goal of profit rather than animal welfare. The puppies who come out of puppy mills are often plagued with diseases and health issues, while the adult dogs who live out their lives in the facilities are forced to breed as often as possible.
Stores that rely on puppy mills as part of their business models do so because they want to keep their display cases full at all times. It's no coincidence that these stores don't reveal any substantial information about where the dogs came from—and especially the conditions to which the puppies and parent dogs are subjected.
Puppy mills, sometimes referred to as "factory farms" for dogs, focus on producing the highest number of dogs as quickly and as cheaply as possible. These commercial breeders are characterized by small cages that are often stacked on top of each other to maximize space, dirty living conditions that facilitate the spread of diseases, minimal or poor veterinary care to reduce operation costs, and lack of basic needs like grooming, exercise, or socialization.
In most puppy mills, female dogs are bred at every opportunity, regardless of if they are sick, injured, or possess genetic traits that may be passed down to offspring. According to the Humane Society, there are over 200,000 dogs kept solely for breeding purposes in active USDA-licensed puppy mills throughout the United States. Each year, 2 million puppies sold in the U.S. originate from puppy mills.
Unfortunately, responsible breeders and puppy mills can be hard to differentiate on the surface, especially when buying online or from advertisements. Because of this, learning to recognize the difference between a puppy mill and a responsible breeder typically comes down to the buyer.
As a general rule, anyone wanting to buy from a breeder should not only meet the breeder in person, but also meet the parent dogs and see the breeding facilities with their own eyes—paying special attention to factors like hygiene and whether or not the animals look frightened, antisocial, or unhealthy.
A responsible breeder will also introduce potential buyers to at least one parent of the litter and have background documentation ranging from health records to referrals from veterinarians and past customers. They'll also want to know more about a buyer to ensure that their animals are going to a good home, ask for references from vets they have used in the past, and even ask to visit their home.
Good breeders often have long waitlists for their puppies—a sign that they give the mothers adequate time to recover after giving birth and provide puppies with the appropriate amount of weaning.
The Humane Society and the ASPCA both have printable checklists available for potential buyers to bring along when visiting breeders to ensure that they're running responsible operations.
PongMoji / Getty Images
Why Are Puppy Mills Bad for Dogs?
In order to save on operation costs, animals in puppy mills are often kept in small cages with dirty living conditions that can lead to diseases, lifelong health issues, poor veterinary care, and minimal social skills.
Poor Conditions
Puppies from puppy mills are regularly taken from their mothers at a young age before they've had the chance to form important social skills and be fully weaned. According to the ASPCA, puppies should stay with the mother until they're at least 8 weeks of age and, ideally, should be placed when they are between 10 and 12 weeks old.
A 2020 study in the journal The Veterinary Record found that one-quarter of all puppies in the United Kingdom were acquired before 8 weeks old, even despite recommendations of veterinarians, animal welfare organizations, and even legal restrictions.
Since puppy mills are only concerned with breeding the most puppies using the cheapest methods, often only injuries and disorders that could affect a dog's reproductive capabilities are treated. Puppy mill staff members may even be expected to perform veterinary care without a proper license.
Common veterinary issues among dogs from puppy mills include infectious diseases, intestinal parasites, respiratory issues, skin disorders, ear problems, hypoglycemia, brucellosis, and congenital defects. The lack of preventive veterinary care and general oversight paired with unsanitary conditions can cause even minor injuries or health issues to linger and cause premature death in the animals.
Some of these health issues can spread to humans. In 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) investigated an outbreak of antibiotic-resistant infections that affected at least 41 people across 17 states (nine of whom were hospitalized). The outbreak was eventually connected to Petland, a chain of pet stores with multiple locations around the United States.
Socialization and Anxiety
Because of how these animals are housed, weaned, transported, and eventually homed, puppies that are born in puppy mills often have behavioral issues as well as health issues. This is especially true in puppy mill dogs who are taken from their mothers without enough maternal care, including grooming and nursing the puppies. This bonding process between puppies and their mothers plays an important role in the social development of the puppies. Newborn puppies have a limited capacity for movement, so maternal interaction is essential to their survival, nourishment, and protection.
Many of these problems can present themselves later in life and well into adulthood, having profound and long-lasting effects on both dogs and their owners. In 2017, a consolidated analysis of seven different studies for the Journal of Veterinary Behavior found that 86% of reports listed aggression directed toward the dog's owners and family members, strangers, and other dogs as the most common finding among dogs sold through pet stores or born in puppy mills.
This behavior can lead owners to surrender their dogs to a rescue center, helping contribute to the 6.3 million companion animals that enter animal shelters in the United States every year.
An ASPCA survey found that 46% of people who rehomed their pet in 2015 did so because of problems with the animal, the most common of which were aggression (35%), destruction (29%), and health problems (26%).
Overbreeding and Inbreeding
Overbreeding happens when an animal is forced to breed more than its body can safely handle. Intentionally overbreeding certain breeds, such as flat-faced dogs like french bulldogs and pugs, has been linked with specific health issues, like vision and breathing problems. One study of 93 flat-face breed dogs showed that excessive pressure of breeding selection led to the extreme conformation of skull shapes and facial alterations that could put dogs' vision at risk.
Inbreeding in order to maintain a particular "look" of a popular dog breed is also common in puppy mills. Apart from creating exaggerated physical features, inbreeding can lead to metabolic problems, loss of genetic diversity, poor growth, and negatively impact the lifespan of individual dogs.
Are Puppy Mills Legal?
When it comes to federal law, the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) is the only law that's designed to enforce the humane treatment of animals bred for sale. Conditions under the AWA are essentially designed for the survival of the animal, however, so the standards are incredibly low.
Although many pet stores purchase puppies from commercial breeders who are licensed by the USDA, that doesn't necessarily mean the animals are kept in humane conditions.
"The Animal Welfare Act provides for some very minimal protections for dogs in certain puppy mills, but the standards of care for these dogs are survival standards at best," John Goodwin, senior director of the Humane Society of the United States' Stop Puppy Mills campaign, told Treehugger. "A USDA licensed dog breeder can keep a dog in a cage that is only 6 inches longer than her body, can breed her every heat cycle until her body wears out, and can kill her when she is no longer a productive breeder. This is entirely legal and it's these puppy mills who fill pet store display cases with the animals they have bred."
It isn't just the standards of the living conditions that are low, but the AWA's enforcement as well. "If a facility wants to sell puppies wholesale to businesses—like pet stores or via websites—it needs to be licensed by the USDA. However, the USDA is currently failing to enforce this law, making its intended protections for animals meaningless," said Ingrid Seggerman, senior director of federal affairs for the ASPCA. "Puppy mills exist because the retail sale of puppies is still legal in many states, providing an outlet for puppy mills to continue selling dogs kept or raised in unspeakable conditions, far from the public eye."
The USDA is responsible for inspecting breeding facilities and enforcing the AWA through a branch of the government called APHIS, or the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. A report conducted by the Office of the Inspector General in 2021 revealed that APHIS "did not consistently address complaints it received or adequately document the results of its follow-up," and concluded that "APHIS is not able to ensure the overall health and humane treatment of animals at these facilities."
Citysqwirl / Getty Images
The best way to avoid inadvertently supporting puppy mills is by adopting a dog from your local shelter, but if you do end up purchasing from a breeder, keep a lookout for red flags. The Companion Animal Protection Society also offers forms to register complaints about pet shops and breeders.
You can also be sure you're not supporting a puppy mill operation by following these steps:
Adopt from a local animal shelter or rescue.
Avoid buying puppies from pet stores (unless they've partnered with a local shelter), newspaper ads, or online ads.
Visit your potential breeders in person and see the facility where dogs are bred and kept with your own eyes.
Avoiding puppy mills doesn't have to stop there. It's also important to support legislation that puts a stop to harmful commercial breeding operations. In June 2021, for instance, the ASPCA filed a lawsuit against the USDA for not enforcing the AWA, gathered over 130,000 signatures on a petition, and asked Congress to pass measures to reform the USDA's enforcement of the AWA.
Help put a stop to puppy mills by volunteering with your local animal shelter, Humane Society, or ASPCA. Avoid the temptation of "rescuing" a puppy mill dog by buying them from a pet store. This will just open up a new spot for another puppy mill dog and support the continuation of the industry.
How Can Anyone Dump Puppies on the Side of the Road?
'Horrible Hundred' Report Uncovers Problem Puppy Mill Breeders
New York State Could Ban Pet Stores From Selling Dogs, Cats, and Rabbits
Why Animal Rights Activists Are Against the AKC
Overview of the Animal Welfare Act
England Aims to Ban Sale of Puppies and Kittens at Pet Stores
The 7 Best Pet Adoption Agencies of 2022
Why Is It So Hard to Keep Pets Safe on a Plane?
Everything You Need to Know About Animal Testing for Cosmetics
53 Dogs Rescued From Dog Meat Trade in Indonesia
The 6 Best Organic Dog Foods of 2022
The 5 Best Natural Dog Toothpastes of 2022
The 4 Best Compostable Dog Poop Bags of 2022
Smart Parrots Need More to Keep Their Minds Busy
20 Hypoallergenic Dogs That Don't Shed Much
The Case of the Wandering Puppies


In Slovenia, the level of intensification in agriculture is low, focusing mostly on improving labour intensity in agricultural production, i.e. reducing the input of labour per unit of area or product. The number of livestock units (LU) per ha of utilised agricultural area as the most aggregate indicator of production intensity is stable; in the 1997-2003 period, the stocking density even decreased slightly. In labour-intensive types of farming (dairying), the intensity, which is measured by the average milk yield, is moderately increasing, and in labour-extensive types of farming (production of wheat or maize), the intensity has been at the same average level for a long time.
Intensification of agriculture is a process which decreases production costs per unit of agricultural product. Production costs are the function of the cost of labour, the land and capital. Capital-intensive agriculture develops where availability of labour and, most of all, land, is limited (Belgium, the Netherlands). Countries with limited capital and land have developed labour-intensive agriculture (India, China), while countries with limited capital and labour have developed agriculture that requires extensive land (Argentina). Each of these three forms of intensification has different impacts on the environment, nature and social structure of rural areas.
- milk or wheat and grain maize production trends per hectare.
The indicator is defined and calculated in order to complement the indicator of specialisation and diversification in agriculture. We were unable to present the structure and development trends of holdings and their areas by cost types due to deficient and inadequate data on direct costs (for fertilizers, protection products) for individual production types (FADN accountancy data).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, 2002, 2008; Eurostat, 2008.
Past experiences show that the intensification of agriculture in uncontrolled conditions is a process which can present one of the most extensive burdens on nature and the environment. These facts have made it one of the focal themes in strategic and programme documents of the European agricultural and environmental policy. The Water and Nitrates directives are the key environmental instruments limiting the possible negative consequences of intensification in agriculture. Agri-environmental concepts also present an important element of the reform of the agricultural policy in 2003. The importance of the protection of the environment in agriculture is increasing by means of the so-called cross-compliance and introduction of other measures for the achievement of ecological standards. Farmers eligible for financial support have to observe the prescribed standards regulating the environment, safe food and well-being of animals. They must also maintain their agricultural land in compliance with good farming practice. The importance of environmental concepts and measures in the framework of the rural development policy is increasing as well. Slovenia, too, committed itself to observe these rules by planning the implementation of the agricultural policy reform.
Almost 90 % of all agricultural holdings in Slovenia are engaged in various types of livestock breeding, 60 % of which are oriented into cattle breeding. The number of farmers engaged in cattle breeding decreased by almost 10 % in the 1997–2003 period alone.
According to the latest data, an average Slovenian agricultural holding oriented into cattle breeding breeds almost 7 livestock size units, which is almost 5 % more than at the beginning of the studied period. Structural changes in the so-called stocking density (the number of livestock units per hectare of utilised agricultural area is one of the most aggregated indicators of the environmental burden) are very inexplicit due to highly dynamic changes in the total number of livestock size units, and even more so in the total utilised agricultural area. As in other EU countries, stocking density in Slovenia is decreasing; it was reduced by almost 10 % in the 1997-2003 period alone (on average, it dropped below 1 livestock unit per hectare of utilised agricultural area). The shown number of livestock units per hectare of utilised agricultural area at the municipality level indicates a relatively atypical and dispersed spatial distribution of areas with diverse stocking density.
In spite of a rapid decrease in the number of holdings oriented into dairying, and a slightly less distinct decline in the number of dairy cows on these holdings, the total extent of the production is still on the increase, regardless of annual fluctuations. The reason for this is a notable increase in the concentration of dairying – in the 1997-2003 period, the average number of cows per holding more than doubled, and at the same time the intensity of dairying increased.
In six years, the average milk production per dairy cow (milk yield) increased by almost 1000 kg or by 25 %. With just above 4,700 kg per cow, Slovenia is still considerably below the EU-15 average, but still comparable with neighbouring Austria and some other EU member countries.
Wheat and grain maize are the most important crops in Slovenia. In 2003, 25,460 agricultural holdings were engaged in the production of wheat, and 36,141 in the production of maize. Along with the decreasing number of holdings engaged in the production of these crops and the relatively unchanged extent of the total production, the concentration of the production is distinctly on the increase (average area of wheat and maize per holding).
In Slovenia, the intensity of wheat production, measured by the amount of yield per hectare, is almost 1.4 tons lower than in EU in terms of the long-term average. Hectare yield in Slovenia has not changed significantly for years. The situation in maize is similar, though the annual fluctuation is slightly more notable due to climatic factors.
Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, 2002. Dernulc, S., Iljaš, U., Kutin, B., Orešnik, I., Cunder, T., Golež, M., Juvančič. Survey of Agricultural Holdings, Slovenia 2000 (Results of Researches, 15, Agriculture and Fishing, No. 777). Ljubljana, Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, 256 p.
Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, 1997. Sample Farm Structure Survey, Rapid Reports, No. 298, Ljubljana, December 1997.
Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, 2004. Structure of Agricultural Holdings, 1 June 2003, Rapid Reports, No. 13, Ljubljana, April 2004.
The main sources of data used to calculate indicator values are the structural surveys of agriculture carried out by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia. As in other EU countries, these surveys are carried out every three years. Comparable data for 1997, 2000 and 2003 are available. In 2000, a complete survey of agriculture was carried out, and included more than 86,000 agricultural holdings. In 1997 and 2003, however, only sampling surveys were carried out.
Eurostat, 2003. Agriculture. Statistical Yearbook. Brussels, Luxembourg, ESC-EC-EAEC.


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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has said that it "remains firmly committed to using scientific methods to uncover the biological mechanisms that cause M.E./CFS." This is in response to an NIH decision to host a lecture by Dr Edward Shorter on the history of M.E.
The letter from the M.E./CFS International Alliance was one of many highlighting Dr Shorter's use of terminology such as "physic illness" and referring to people with M.E. as being "delusional." The Alliance asked that either Dr Shorter's lecture was cancelled or that an evidence-based scientific perspective was also presented at the event.
The Trans-NIH M.E./CFS Working Group has now responded, stating that the lecture did not reflect the views of the NIH and that welcoming disagreement is productive in securing scientific progress:
Please know that the lecture you asked about was not sponsored by either the M.E./CFS Special Interest Group or the Trans-NIH M.E./CFS Working Group, which means that it does not reflect the ideas, opinions, or policy of the NIH or the scientists now working on this disease. Given the professional and learning environment that NIH promotes, dozens of people come each week to the NIH to exchange ideas with NIH scientists; the scientists who attend these lectures frequently challenge or disagree with the speakers' ideas. In scientific circles, disagreement with what is said is often more scientifically productive than agreement. The exchange of information and divergent opinions, followed by critical analysis, is essential to moving any field forward.
The most important thing that we wish to share is that NIH remains firmly committed to using scientific methods to uncover the biological mechanisms that cause M.E./CFS and to improve the lives of people who have been suffering for years, and even decades. Comments made in a seminar will not undermine the progress of science at NIH.
The M.E./CFS Working Group also stated that a patient and a community physician shared their perspective at the seminar, and that the event was attended by approximately 15 scientists. They further reiterated that the lecture "will have no impact on NIH's interest in doing everything we can to advance the science of M.E./CFS."


I'm a 30 year old single professional female - I have just returned from 12months backpacking through South America and Europe. I have been fortunate enough to move into a unit attached to my aunties house, but it's a little far from work and my hobbies closer to the city.
I am also hoping to explore a few different areas to get a feel of where I might like to eventually buy in the future.
3 weeks at a family home with a Golden Retriever, fish, and a cat.
4 nights at a house with a mastiff puppy and cat.
3 nights at a family home with a cat.
3 months at a family home with a Border Collie and Siamese cat.
1 month at a home with a kelpie x Labrador and a cat.
3 weeks at a home with a rescue greyhound.
3 weeks at a home with an elderly cat with arthritis, vision and hearing impairments and limited mobility.
4 weeks at a family home with a cat.
1 week at a family home with a boxer.
Growing up we had 2 small dogs, rabbits, fish, mice and a rescue bird.
I've been employed for 10 years at ESTA as a Calltaker and Dispatcher (000).
As a shift-worker on a rotational roster, I live a relatively quiet existence, especially while on shift.
I'm studying Krav Maga (self defense) and spend most of my down time playing guitar, at the Krav gym, brunching with friends, visiting family, walking or watching Netflix.
It would be lovely to find a home that allows me to stay in one place for an extended period of time, as I was moving around so frequently while backpacking last year.
I am so appreciative of the opportunity to house sit, that I show my thanks through caring for the home better than as if it were my own.
My intention is for the home owner to always return to their residence in better condition than when they left it.
I am conscious of power / water / gas usage, and would be mortified at the thought of the homeowner receiving a large bill, so I would endeavour to keep the costs down to the best of my ability. As a shift worker, I understand the importance of sleep, and would never incur any noise complaints from the neighbours.


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Paragraphs in "European Convention For The Protection Of Vertebrate Animals Used For Experimental And Other Scientific Purposes" coded as
Pre.1 Preamble
Pre.2 The member States of the Council of Europe, signatory hereto,
Pre.3 Recalling that the aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve a greater unity between its members and that it wishes to co-operate with other States in the protection of live animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes;
Pre.4 Recognising that man has a moral obligation to respect all animals and to have due consideration for their capacity for suffering and memory;
Pre.5 Accepting nevertheless that man in his quest for knowledge, health and safety has a need to use animals where there is a reasonable expectation that the result will be to extend knowledge or be to the overall benefit of man or animal, just as he uses them for food, clothing and as beasts of burden;
Pre.6 Resolved to limit the use of animals for experimental and other scientific purposes, with the aim of replacing such use wherever practical, in particular by seeking alternative measures and encouraging the use of these alternative measures;
Pre.7 Desirous to adopt common provisions in order to protect animals used in those procedures which may possibly cause pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm and to ensure that where unavoidable they shall be kept to a minimum,
Pre.8 Have agreed as follows:
Sect.1 Part I - General principles
Art.1.1 1. This Convention applies to any animal used or intended for use in any experimental or other scientific procedure where that procedure may cause pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm. It does not apply to any non-experimental agricultural or clinical veterinary practice.
Art.1.2 2. In this Convention:
Art.1.2.a a "animal", unless otherwise qualified, means any live non-human vertebrate, including free-living and/or reproducing larval forms, but excluding other foetal or embryonic forms;
Art.1.2.b b "intended for use" means bred or kept for the purpose of sale, disposal or use in any experimental or other scientific procedure;
Art.1.2.c c "procedure" means any experimental or other scientific use of an animal which may cause it pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm, including any course of action intended to, or liable to, result in the birth of an animal in any such conditions, but excluding the least painful methods accepted in modern practice (that is "humane" methods) of killing or marking an animal.
Art.1.2.c.ix A procedure starts when an animal is first prepared for use and ends when no further observations are made for that procedure; the elimination of pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm by the successful use of anaesthesia or analgesia or other methods does not place the use of an animal outside the scope of this definition;
Art.1.2.d d "competent person" means any person who is considered by a Party to be competent in its territory to perform the relevant function described in this Convention;
Art.1.2.e e "responsible authority" means, in the territory of a given Party, any authority, body or person designated for the relevant purpose;
Art.1.2.f f "establishment" means any stable or mobile facility, any building, group of buildings or other premises, including a place which is not wholly enclosed or covered;
Art.1.2.g g "breeding establishment" means any establishment where animals are bred with a view to their use in procedures;
Art.1.2.h h "supplying establishment" means any establishment, other than a breeding establishment, from which animals are supplied with a view to their use in procedures;
Art.1.2.i i "user establishment" means any establishment where animals are used in procedures;
Art.1.2.j j "humane method of killing" means the killing of an animal with a minimum of physical and mental suffering appropriate to the species.
Art.2.1x A procedure may be performed for one or more of the following purposes only and subject to the restrictions laid down in this Convention:
Art.2.1x.a a
Art.2.1x.a.i i avoidance or prevention of disease, ill-health or other abnormality, or their effects, in man, vertebrate or invertebrate animals or plants, including the production and the quality, efficacy and safety testing of drugs, substances or products;
Art.2.1x.a.ii ii diagnosis or treatment of disease, ill-health or other abnormality, or their effects, in man, vertebrate or invertebrate animals or plants;
Art.2.1x.b b detection, assessment, regulation or modification of physiological conditions in man, vertebrate and invertebrate animals or plants;
Art.2.1x.c c protection of the environment;
Art.2.1x.d d scientific research;
Art.2.1x.e e education and training;
Art.2.1x.f f forensic inquiries.
Art.3.1x Each Party undertakes to take all the necessary steps to give effect to the provisions of this Convention and to ensure an effective system of control and supervision as soon as possible and in any case within a period of five years from the date of entry into force of the present Convention in respect of that Party.
Art.4.1x No provision in this Convention shall affect the liberty of the Parties to adopt stricter measures for the protection of animals used in procedures or for the control and restriction of the use of animals in procedures.
Sect.2 Part II - General care and accommodation
Art.5.1 1. Any animal used or intended for use in a procedure shall be provided with accommodation, an environment, at least a minimum degree of freedom of movement, food, water and care, appropriate to its health and well-being. Any restriction on the extent to which an animal can satisfy its physiological and ethological needs shall be limited as far as practicable. In the implementation of this provision, regard should be paid to the guidelines for accommodation and care of animals set out in Appendix A to this Convention.
Art.5.2 2. The environmental conditions in which animals are bred, kept or used shall be checked daily.
Art.5.3 3. The well-being and state of health of animals shall be observed sufficiently closely and frequently to prevent pain or avoidable suffering, distress or lasting harm.
Art.5.4 4. Each Party shall determine arrangements to ensure that any defect or suffering discovered is corrected as quickly as possible.
Sect.3 Part III - Conduct of procedure
Art.6.1 1. A procedure shall not be performed for any of the purposes referred to in Article 2, if another scientifically satisfactory method, not entailing the use of an animal, is reasonably and practicably available.
Art.6.2 2. Each Party should encourage scientific research into the development of methods which could provide the same information as that obtained in procedures.
Art.7.1x When a procedure has to be performed, the choice of species shall be carefully considered and, where required, be explained to the responsible authority; in a choice between procedures, those should be selected which use the minimum number of animals, cause the least pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm and which are most likely to provide satisfactory results.
Art.8.1x A procedure shall be performed under general or local anaesthesia or analgesia or by other methods designed to eliminate as far as practicable pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm applied throughout the procedure unless:
Art.8.1x.a a the pain caused by the procedure is less than the impairment of the animal's well-being caused by the use of anaesthesia or analgesia, or
Art.8.1x.b b the use of anaesthesia or analgesia is incompatible with the aim of the procedure. In such cases, appropriate legislative and/or administrative measures shall be taken to ensure that no such procedure is carried out unnecessarily.
Art.9.1 1. Where it is planned to subject an animal to a procedure in which it will or may experience severe pain which is likely to endure, that procedure must be specifically declared and justified to, or specifically authorised by, the responsible authority.
Art.9.2 2. Appropriate legislative and/or administrative measures shall be taken to ensure that no such procedure is carried out unnecessarily. Such measures shall include:
Art.9.2.ax - either specific authorisation by the responsible authority;
Art.9.2.bx - or specific declaration of such procedure to the responsible authority and judicial or administrative action by that authority if it is not satisfied that the procedure is of sufficient importance for meeting the essential needs of man or animal, includ
Art.10.1x During a procedure, an animal used shall remain subject to the provisions of Article 5 except where those provisions are incompatible with the objective of the procedure.
Art.11.1 1. At the end of the procedure it shall be decided whether the animal shall be kept alive or killed by a humane method. An animal shall not be kept alive if, even though it has been restored to normal health in all other respects, it is likely to remain in lasting pain or distress.
Art.11.2 2. The decision referred to in paragraph 1 of this article shall be taken by a competent person, in particular a veterinarian, or the person who, in accordance with Article 13, is responsible for, or has performed, the procedure.
Art.11.3 3. Where, at the end of the procedure:
Art.11.3.a a an animal is to be kept alive, it shall receive the care appropriate to its state of health, be placed under the supervision of a veterinarian or other competent person and kept under conditions conforming to the requirements of Article 5. The conditions laid down in this sub-paragraph may, however, be waived where, in the opinion of a veterinarian, the animal would not suffer as a consequence of such exemption;
Art.11.3.b b an animal is not to be kept alive or cannot benefit from the provisions of Article 5 for its well-being, it shall be killed by a humane method as soon as possible.
Art.11.4 4. No animal which has been used in a procedure entailing severe or enduring pain or suffering, irrespective of whether anaesthesia or analgesia was employed, shall be used in a further procedure unless it has returned to good health and well-being and either:
Art.11.4.a a the further procedure is one in which the animal is subject throughout to general anaesthesia which is to be maintained until the animal is killed; or
Art.11.4.b b the further procedure will involve minor interventions only.
Art.12.1x Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Convention, where it is necessary for the legitimate purposes of the procedure, the responsible authority may allow the animal concerned to be set free provided that it is satisfied that the maximum practicable care has been taken to safeguard the animal's well-being. Procedures that involve setting the animal free shall not be permitted solely for educational or training purposes.
Sect.4 Part IV - Authorisation
Art.13.1x A procedure for the purposes referred to in Article 2 may be carried out by persons authorised, or under the direct responsibility of a person authorised, or if the experimental or other scientific project concerned is authorised in accordance with the provisions of national legislation. Authorisation shall be granted only to persons deemed to be competent by the responsible authority.
Sect.5 Part V - Breeding or supplying establishments
Art.14.1x Breeding and supplying establishments shall be registered with the responsible authority subject to the grant of an exemption under Article 21 or Article 22. Such registered establishments shall comply with the requirements of Article 5.
Art.15.1x The registration provided for in Article 14 shall specifiy the person in charge of the establishment, who shall be competent to administer or arrange for suitable care for animals of the species bred or kept in the establishment.
Art.16.1 1. Arrangements shall be made at registered breeding establishments to record, in respect of the animals bred there, the number and species of such animals leaving, the dates they leave and the name and address of the recipient.
Art.16.2 2. Arrangements shall be made at registered supplying establishments to record the number and species of such animals entering and leaving, the dates of these movements, from whom the animals concerned were acquired and the name and address of the recipient.
Art.16.3 3. The responsible authority shall prescribe the records which are to be kept and made available to it by the person in charge of the establishments mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article. Such records shall be kept for a minimum of three years from the date of the last entry.
Art.17.1 1. Each dog and cat in an establishment shall be individually and permanently marked in the least painful manner possible before it is weaned.
Art.17.2 2. Where an unmarked dog or cat is taken into an establishment for the first time after it has been weaned, it shall be marked as soon as possible.
Art.17.3 3. Where a dog or cat is transferred from one establishment to another before it is weaned and it is not practical to mark it beforehand, a full documentary record, specifying in particular its mother, shall be kept until it can be marked.
Art.17.4 4. Particulars of the identity and origin of each dog or cat shall be entered in the records of the establishment.
Sect.6 Part VI - User establishments
Art.18.1x User establishments shall be registered with or otherwise approved by the responsible authority and shall comply with the conditions laid down in Article 5.
Art.19.1x Provisions shall be made at user establishments for installations and equipment appropriate for the species of animals used and the performance of the procedures conducted there. The design, construction and functioning of such installations and equipment shall be such as to ensure that the procedures are performed as effectively as possible, with the object of obtaining consistent results with the minimum number of animals and the minimum degree of pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm.
Art.20.1x In user establishments:
Art.20.1x.a a the person or persons who are administratively responsible for the care of the animals and the functioning of the equipment shall be identified;
Art.20.1x.b b sufficient trained staff shall be provided;
Art.20.1x.c c adequate arrangements shall be made for the provision of veterinary advice and treatment;
Art.20.1x.d d a veterinarian or other competent person should be charged with advisory duties in relation to the well-being of the animals.
Art.21.1 1. Animals of the species listed below which are for use in procedures shall be acquired directly from or originate from registered breeding establishments, unless a general or special exemption has been obtained under arrangements to be determined by the Party:
Art.21.1.a Mouse
Art.21.1.b Mus musculus
Art.21.1.c Rat
Art.21.1.d Rattus norvegicus
Art.21.1.e Guinea Pig
Art.21.1.f Cavia porcellus
Art.21.1.g Golden hamster
Art.21.1.h Mesocricetus auratus
Art.21.1.i Rabbit
Art.21.1.j Oryctolagus cuniculus
Art.21.1.k Dog
Art.21.1.l Canis familiaris
Art.21.1.m Cat
Art.21.1.n Felis catus
Art.21.1.o Quail
Art.21.1.p Coturnix coturnix
Art.21.2 2. Each Party undertakes to extend the provisions of paragraph 1 of this article to other species, in particular of the order of primates, as soon as there is a reasonable prospect of a sufficient supply of purpose-bred animals of the species concerned.
Art.21.3 3. Straying animals of a domesticated species shall not be used in procedures. A general exemption made under the conditions of paragraph 1 of this article may not extend to stray dogs and cats.
Art.22.1x In user establishments, only animals supplied from registered breeding or supplying establishments shall be used, unless a general or special exemption has been obtained under arrangements to be determined by the Party.
Art.23.1x Procedures may, where authorised by the responsible authority, be conducted outside user establishments.
Art.24.1x Arrangements shall be made at user establishments to maintain records and make them available as required by the responsible authority. In particular, these records shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of Article 27 and, in addition, show the number and species of all animals acquired, from whom they were acquired and their date of arrival.
Sect.7 Part VII - Education and training
Art.25.1 1. Procedures carried out for the purpose of education, training or further training for professions or other occupations, including the care of animals being used or intended for use in procedures, must be notified to the responsible authority and shall be carried out by or under the supervision of a competent person, who will be resposible for ensuring that the procedures comply with national legislation under the terms of this Convention.
Art.25.2 2. Procedures within the scope of education, training, or further training for purposes other than those referred to in paragraph 1 above shall not be permitted.
Art.25.3 3. Procedures referred to in paragraph 1 of this article shall be restricted to those absolutely necessary for the purpose of the education or training concerned and be permitted only if their objective cannot be achieved by comparably effective audio-visual or any other suitable methods.
Art.26.1x Persons who carry out procedures, or take part in procedures, or take care of animals used in procedures, including supervision, shall have had appropriate education and training.
Sect.8 Part VIII - Statistical information
Art.27.1 1. Each Party shall collect statistical information on the use of animals in procedures and this information shall where lawful be made available to the public.
Art.27.2 2. Information shall be collected in respect of:
Art.27.2.a a the numbers and kinds of animals used in procedures;
Art.27.2.b b the numbers of animals in selected categories used in procedures directly concerned with medicine and in education and training;
Art.27.2.c c the numbers of animals in selected categories used in procedures for the protection of man and the environment;
Art.27.2.d d the numbers of animals in selected categories used in procedures required by law.
Art.28.1 1. Subject to requirements of national legislation relating to secrecy and confidentiality, each Party shall communicate every year to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe information in respect of the items mentioned in paragraph 2 of Article 27, presented in the form set out in Appendix B to this Convention.
Art.28.2 2. The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall publish the statistical information received from the Parties in respect of the items mentioned in paragraph 2 of Article 27.
Art.28.3 3. Each Party is invited to communicate to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe the address of its national authority from which information about more comprehensive national statistics may be obtained on request. Such addresses will be contained in the publications of statistics made by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Sect.9 Part IX - Recognition of procedures carried out in the territory of another Party
Art.29.1 1. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition of procedures required by law on health and safety, each Party shall, where practicable, recognise the results of procedures carried out in the territory of another Party.
Art.29.2 2. To that end the Parties undertake, where practicable and lawful, to render each other mutual assistance, in particular by furnishing information on their legislation and administrative practice relating to the requirements for procedures to be carried out in support of submissions for registration of products, as well as factual information on procedures carried out in their territory and on authorisation or any other administrative particulars pertaining to these procedures.
Sect.10 Part X - Multilateral consultations
Art.30.1x The Parties shall, within five years from the entry into force of this Convention and every five years thereafter, or more frequently if a majority of the Parties should so request, hold multilateral consultations within the Council of Europe to examine the application of this Convention, and the advisability of revising it or extending any of its provisions. These consultations shall take place at meetings convened by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe. The Parties shall communicate the name of their representative to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe at least two months before meetings.
Sect.11 Part XI - Final Provisions
Art.31.1x This Convention shall be open for signature by the member States of the Council of Europe and by the European Communities. It is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Art.32.1 1. This Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of six months after the date on which four member States of the Council of Europe have expressed their consent to be bound by the Convention in accordance with the provisions of Article 31.
Art.32.2 2. In respect of a Signatory which subsequently expresses its consent to be bound by it, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of six months after the date of the deposit of the instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval.
Art.33.1 1. After the entry into force of this Convention, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe may invite any State not a member of the Council to accede to this Convention, by a decision taken by the majority provided for in Article 20.d of the Statute of the Council of Europe and by the unanimous vote of the representatives of the Contracting States entitled to sit on the Committee.
Art.33.2 2. In respect of any acceding State, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of six months after the date of deposit of the instrument of accession with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Art.34.1 1. Any Signatory may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, make one or more reservations. No reservations may, however, be made in respect of Articles 1 to 14 or Articles 18 to 20.
Art.34.2 2. Any Party which has made a reservation under the preceding paragraph may wholly or partly withdraw it by means of a notification addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe. The withdrawal shall take effect on the date of receipt of such notification by the Secretary General.
Art.34.3 3. A Party which has made a reservation in respect of a provision of this Convention may not claim the application of that provision by any other Party; it may, however, if its reservation is partial or conditional, claim the application of that provision insofar as it has itself accepted it.
Art.35.1 1. Any Signatory may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, specify the territory or territories to which this Convention shall apply.
Art.35.2 2. Any Party may at any later date, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, extend the application of this Convention to any other territory specified in the declaration. In respect of such territory, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of six months after the date of receipt of such declaration by the Secretary General.
Art.35.3 3. Any declaration made under the two preceding paragraphs may, in respect of any territory specified in such declaration, be withdrawn by a notification addressed to the Secretary General. The withdrawal shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of six months after the date of receipt of such notification by the Secretary General.
Art.36.1 1. Any Party may at any time denounce this Convention by means of a notification addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Art.36.2 2. Such denunciation shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of six months after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary General.
Art.37.1x The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall notify the member States of the Council of Europe, the European Communities and any State which has acceded to this Convention of:
Art.37.1x.a a any signature;
Art.37.1x.b b the deposit of any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession;
Art.37.1x.c c any date of entry into force of this Convention in accordance with Articles 32, 33 and 35;
Art.37.1x.d d any other act, notification or communication relating to this Convention;
Conc.1 In witness whereof the undersigned, being duly authorised thereto, have signed this Convention.
Conc.2 Done at Strasbourg, this 18th day of March 1986, in English and French, both texts being equally authentic, in a single copy which shall be deposited in the archives of the Council of Europe. The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall transmit certified copies to each member State of the Council of Europe, to the European Communities and to any State invited to accede to this Convention.


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Investors stayed cautious amid fresh political uncertainty in Europe and continued geopolitical tension concerning North Korea.
profitaddaweb.com - Gold prices rosed slightly in North American trading on Tuesday, one day after rallying to its strongest level in five months as investors stayed cautious amid fresh political uncertainty in Europe and continued geopolitical tension concerning North Korea.
gold futures shed $5.40, or around 0.4%, to $1,286.50 a troy ounce by 8:50AM ET (12:50GMT). Meanwhile,spot gold was little changed at $1,285.10.
The yellow metal settled higher for the fourth session in a row on Monday after hitting its strongest since early November at $1,297.40.
Also on the Comex,silver dipped 14.4 cents, or about 0.8%, to $18.37 a troy ounce. It touched its highest since November 11 at $18.65 in the previous session.
British Prime Minister Theresa May called on Tuesday for an early election on June 8, saying she needed to strengthen her hand in divorce talks with the European Union by shoring up support for her Brexit plan.
Meanwhile, investors were continuing to monitor political developments ahead of the upcoming French presidential elections as the race tightened after a surge in polls for far-left candidate Jean-Luc Melenchon, who wants a referendum on the country's European Union membership.
Markets have long since been anxious about front runner Marine Le Pen, leader of the far-right National Front party, who also wants to put the country's EU membership to a vote and abandon the euro.
Heightened tensions around North Korea, which has vowed to conduct more missile tests following Sunday's failed missile launch, also continued to support safe-haven demand for the yellow metal.
The dollar index, measuring it against a basket of major currencies, was down 0.4% at 99.76 in New York morning trade, the lowest since March 29.
Meanwhile, the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield was at around at 2.22%, one day after breaking below 2.20% for the first time since November 17.
May copper futures lost 3.9 cents to $2.557 a pound.


Whether you're an experienced kayaker or are just getting into the sport, this fully illustrated manual has everything you need to make sure your boat and gear meet your kayaking needs. Written by longtime paddler and outdoorsman Andy Knapp, The Optimum Kayak: How to Choose, Maintain, Repair, and Customize the Right Boat for You offers an insider's focus on kayaks and accessories.
A review of the entire spectrum of kayaks and kayaking gear for most variations of the sport, from whitewater to sea kayaking, along with information on getting started in the area that interests you.
Guidelines for purchasing the kayak and paddling accessories--new or used--that are appropriate to your needs.
Basic maintenance procedures and storage tips to keep your kayak in top condition.
Instructions for making repairs to your equipment, including how to make emergency repairs while on a paddling trip.
Tips for customizing your boat so that it suits you perfectly.
Information on building your own kayak and keeing it secure.
Handy resource lists of manufacturers, associations, repair services, mail-order, and Internet suppliers, and more.
Andy Knapp is the paddlesports specialist and buyer for Midwest Mountaineering in Minneapolis and a former member of the Board of Directors of the Trade Association of PaddleSports (TAPS). The author of numerous articles in Sea Kayaker, Silent Sports, and other magazines, he is a contributing editor for Canoe & Kayak magazine and the editor of the Upper Midwest Kayak Touring News. A multisport outdoorsman, he estimates that over the last 35 years he has logged over 123,000 miles biking, kayaking, canoeing, running, snowshoeing, hiking, and skiing.


The goal of the INVITATION Festival is to showcase the music of forgotten artists associated with Poland from the first half of the twentieth century, in all its diversity and richness. Three insights into the Polish musical life of this period allow us to become aware of the role and importance of Polish heritage in the field of "contemporary" music, in the researching and popularizing of "early music", and the discerning of Jazz as the "music of the future".
© 2019 Invitation Festival - All rights reserved.


Karachi: Mobilink has started its services from the northern areas of Pakistan. Its service is now accessible in the highlands of Skardu, Gilgit, Hunza and Chilas cities. On this occasion, Public Relations Manager, Mobilink, Omar Manzur, stated It gives us immense pride in launching our services in the northern areas of Pakistan. The thousands of tourists who visit these cities can now have access to high-quality uninterrupted communication service. The extension of Mobilinks services to the northern areas is a significant move and highlights the companys commitment towards reshaping the lives of millions of people wherever they may be located, he said.


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Actor Record Producer Singer Songwriter
Michael Bublé (Young) – Childhood Photos, Age, Family, Height, Weight and More
Check out what Michael Bublé looked like when being younger, net worth, body statistics, and more facts!
Michael Bublé is a Canadian singer and songwriter who is probably famous for his jazz music, which is appreciated by a lot of audiences around the globe. He is also an actor and record producer.
Michael Bublé has been very successful throughout the years.
Michael Bublé began his singing career with Elvis's role in the musical, 'Red Rock Diner,' where he met his ex-fiancé, Debbie Timuss. He made his debut on the national television with the award-winning documentary 'Bid Band Boom.' It was Michael Sweeney, an advisor to the former Canadian Prime Minister, who noticed Micahel Bublé and circulated his albums. This was the major break of Bublé's career.
Check out if Michael Bublé is married and other interesting family information.
Michael Bublé was engaged to actress Debbie Timuss, who appeared with him in the musicals, 'Red Rock Diner.' The couple broke up and ended their engagement. Then he met stunningly beautiful, Emily Blunt at the Australian Television Awards. Soon, the duo started dating, but their relationship didn't last long.
Wife/Spouse (Name):
Luisana Lopilato (m. 2011)
Yes (Vida Amber Betty Bublé, Noah Bublé, Elias Bublé)
Michael Bublé - Childhood Pics
Here is what Michael Bublé looked like when young
Michael Steven Bublé
Burnaby, Canada
Canadian, Italian
75 kg, 165.5 lbs
Actor, Record Producer, Singer, Songwriter
Michael Bublé's height is above average measuring 1.78 m. Michael Bublé weighs 75 kg. Being born on September 9, 1975, translates to an age of 46 years as of todays date (January 20, 2022).
Lou Ferrigno (Young) – Childhood Photos, Age, Family, Height, Weight and More
September 6, 2021 Celebs as Young
Young Lzzy Hale – Childhood Photos, Age, Family, Height, Weight and More
Young Ad-Rock – Childhood Photos, Age, Family, Height, Weight and More
Young Gary Cole – Childhood Photos, Age, Family, Height, Weight and More
Young JD Madison – Childhood Photos, Age, Family, Height, Weight and More
Young Jake Busey – Childhood Photos, Age, Family, Height, Weight and More


I'm just starting to work with Red and I don't quite understand how the lenses should be set up. The rental house I am dealing with has several sets of lenses (16mm & 35mm lenses) and they are in the habit of adjusting the backfocus on the camera body every time they change lenses.
Is this is right way to set up the lenses on a Red? Is there a standard flange setting for the Red (as there is with Arri and other cameras)?
>>I'm just starting to work with Red and I don't quite understand how the lenses should be set up.
Here is my 2 cents, think of the Red like a film camera, and movie PL mount lenses are no different. Lenses are standard 52mm.?
We check the Red with a shop perfect test lens and a auto collimator. ?Once the depth is set if any other lens doesn't look right it is put on a bench collimator and projector to? Calibrate.
Sounds like those lenses need some work.
That's what I thought. But I was a little unclear it the 52mm held true for 16mm lenses if you are shooting in 2K.
The RED should be set up the same way that a 35mm camera is and then left alone.
In 10 weeks shooting with 2 cameras we had the cameras set-up at the start of the shoot and then just used them.
I seem to recall that we had to swap out one body because it wasn't collimated properly but apart from that we just changed lenses as we normally would.


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Q: Is it possible to use a custom domain with Windows Azure Service Bus? We have a complex Azure setup...cloud services, websites, storage accounts, VM's...the whole shebang.
We have custom domains to all of these things and they work great, but I can't find any documentation on setting up an A record or a CNAME to work with their Service Bus functionality.
Anyone know if this is possible?

A: David,
Thank you for sharing your requirement. Using custom domains with Windows Azure Service Bus is not currently supported. However, it is among the features that the Service Bus team is considering enabling in the near future. We'll have further information on this when the feature is available for use.
-santosh

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Every student deserves to tackle the challenges they face with excitement rather than fear. We believe families and educators must then engage together for students to succeed beyond the classroom.
40MILLION+
MADE BETWEEN EDUCATORS AND FAMILIES (NOT JUST MESSAGES DELIVERED)
IN FUNDS RAISED TO IMPACT STUDENT LIVES
In 2012, two parents became frustrated by the number of websites, apps, emails, calendars, newsletters and folders they had to check to stay involved in their children's academic lives. With each new grade, class, and school activity, things became more chaotic. As parents, they simply wanted to be more engaged in their children's lives and know what was happening that day in school BEFORE they got home. Surely the social network giants of today would have created a private and safe social network specifically for the K-12 Education System?
They didn't. So those two parents set out to take a bold step to revolutionize how families and educators could connect, collaborate, and coordinate. They leveraged the power of Web 2.0 principles to build a unique, social network that replaces the multitude of outdated tools such as email blasts/notification systems, web/parent portals, websites, teacher blogs, volunteer websites, printed handouts, etc., almost all of which served as one-way communication devices. Livingtree became the only platform built in the context of optimizing community, family and student engagement for the full range of K-12 school systems. It empowered education leaders to connect, share and engage their families at every level.
Why was it named Livingtree? Well, there is a tree in Africa, called the Baobab Tree. It is referred to as the "tree of life," providing shelter, food, and water for the animal and human inhabitants of the desert regions. Because of this, savannah communities formed and connected around these trees. The story of this tree struck them and led to the brand name, Livingtree.
It became the mission of the company to improve student outcomes by helping classrooms, schools, and districts build and connect with their communities. That's when Livingtree discovered Edbacker. The district-wide online fundraising platform connected parents, local communities, corporations, and school districts to address America's education funding gap while eliminating the surprises and liabilities associated with today's crowdfunding sites. It was a perfect fit, and in January of 2018, Livingtree added the platform to its solution set.
Today, Livingtree's original platform is now known as Livingtree Engage, and Edbacker is known as Livingtree Give. The company is fulfilling its mission to help better serve and connect school communities, and continuing to grow every day. School districts across the country are turning to Livingtree to help improve family engagement as well as their online fundraising systems.
GARY HENSLEY
CEO & President
NICHOLAS WALKER
Eric Letada
Director of Customer Success & Product Management
MICHAEL CASH
Director of Implementation & Customer Support
KELLEN WILSON
Olivia Corbett
ALEX HUSAR
Livingtree Give Lead Developer
Carlos Rice
Jesse Leib
Josef Mendoza
Customer Success Specialist
Meet our advisory board
DR. STEVE CONSTANTINO
National Family Engagement Leader, Author, & Speaker
KATHY HURLEY
Co-Founder, Girls Thinking Global, Co-Editor, Real Women, Real Leaders, (Wiley Publishing, April, 2015)
ARI ENGELBERG
Co-founder stamps.com, Executive director Bright Star Schools
JOHN AGGREY
Co-Founder & Managing Partner at BizGravity LLC, CEO at The Unicorn Group LLC
JONI HENDERSON
Chief Partnerships Officer at Global Alzheimer's Platform Foundation
JONI CARSWELL
Former CEO of Livingtree


Great home site, Lots 30, 31 and part of 29, per a survey. There are deed restrictions, Other lots are available and will be glad to combine lots to suit if possible. These lots have frontage on the Little Ky River in the back. Established neighborhood with beautiful treed areas and Lakes.


-I love you! -How do you have so many knees?
I'm so excited to see you. It's been so long.
I haven't seen it. You hold on to it today?
What's taking you so long?!
I don't know how long it will hold her, though.
- I swear to you! - So long, darling.


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Home / News / Jeep Grand Cherokee News
Jeep Grand Cherokee News
2021 Jeep Grand Cherokee L preview: Three-row crossover adds more than seats
Brian Wong January 7, 2021
The 2022 Jeep Grand Cherokee L expands the brand's popular mid-size SUV lineup to include a three-row option and previews the next-generation two-row model.
2022 Jeep Grand Cherokee spy shots
A prototype for Jeep's next-generation Grand Cherokee has been spotted.
Viknesh Vijayenthiran December 28, 2020
2022 Jeep Grand Cherokee-based 3-row SUV spy shots
Jeep is working on a three-row SUV sharing a platform and styling with a redesigned Grand Cherokee due about the same time.
Viknesh Vijayenthiran August 3, 2020
Watch a Christmas tree hit 181 mph strapped to a 1,000-hp Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk
Christmas is drawing near and you still haven't gone out and found a tree? Well, if you need to get one in a hurry, and we mean a real hurry, one of the better options is a Jeep Grand Cherokee tuned by Hennessey Performance Engineering. The Texan tuner demonstrated this by taking a tree strapped to...
2020 Jeep Grand Cherokee preview
There's a redesigned Jeep Grand Cherokee just around the corner but the current model has plenty of life left in it.
Viknesh Vijayenthiran September 1, 2019
FCA receives approval, tax breaks for next-gen Jeep production
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles has received government support for production of four separate next-generation Jeep models in Detroit.
Viknesh Vijayenthiran May 22, 2019
FCA announces $4.5B investment for next-gen Jeep Grand Cherokee, Wagoneer, electrified SUVs
Sean Szymkowski February 26, 2019
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles announced Tuesday it would spend $4.5 billion at its production plants in Michigan to build the next-generation Jeep Grand Cherokee, an unnamed three-row SUV related to the Grand Cherokee, and its upcoming Wagoneer and Grand Wagoneer SUVs. Those products, and more for Jeep, will be electrified and could include fully electric versions. The $4.5 billion will be spread across five FCA production sites, and, the Mack Avenue Engine Complex will receive $1.6 billion. The site currently handles production of the Pentastar V-6 engines but will be overhauled to be a future...
Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk can be switched to RWD in minutes
The Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk benefits from a four-wheel-drive system to put its power down more effectively, but that means smokey burnouts are off limits. Or are they? It appears it only takes a few minutes to turn the Grand Cherokee Trackhawk into a burnout machine. The Drive first reported...
Sean Szymkowski December 27, 2018
2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk recalled due to floor mats
Faulty floor mats have prompted Jeep to recall a number of 2018 Grand Cherokee SRT Trackhawk models. In total, the recall affects 4,822 units. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles filed documents for the recall with NHTSA in late October. According to the agency, the driver's floor mat may not provide...
Sean Szymkowski November 18, 2018
Meet the world's fastest SUV: Hennessey HPE1200 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk runs quarter-mile in 9.66 seconds
Hennessey Performance Engineering is always working on the next best thing. And by next best thing, we mean the next fastest car or SUV. Case in point is the company's HPE1200 package for the Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. On Monday, we brought you a video of Hennessey's HPE1000-enhanced Grand...
Sean Szymkowski October 16, 2018
Watch a 1,000-hp Jeep obliterate a Ford GT in a drag race
The Ford GT is very quick. The Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk is also very quick. There's no way that it's as quick as the GT though, right? Well, after a visit to Hennessey Performance it's actually quicker. At least that's the case over the quarter-mile drag strip. Hennessey CEO and founder John...
Jeff Glucker October 15, 2018
Next Jeep Grand Cherokee to use Alfa Romeo Stelvio platform
The departing gift Daimler gave to Chrysler Corporation was the premium platform that has underpinned the Jeep Grand Cherokee and Dodge Durango since the 2011 model year. That architecture has served those vehicles well, but it's time for new bones. At the Fiat Chrysler Automobiles investor...
Kirk Bell June 4, 2018
Partially self-driving Jeep Grand Cherokees may start arriving in 2020
Aaron Cole June 1, 2018
The 2020 Jeep Grand Cherokee may be Fiat Chrysler Automobiles' first mass-market vehicle available to buyers with Level 2 self-driving tech, company executives announced on Friday. The do-it-all Jeep will lead the automaker's first significant retail foray into self-driving cars, albeit a few years behind competitors. FCA officials outlined their strategy for self-driving cars and included a slow timeline to rollout Level 2 and 3 vehicles to consumers. Levels 4 and 5 will predominately be used on ride-sharing vehicles, which the company outlined as expensive—but profitable. DON'T MISS...
Hennessey's 1,000-HP Jeep Grand Cherokee Trachkawk does 0-60 in 2.7 seconds
Texan tuner Hennessey has been cooking up serious power for the already seriously powerful 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. Out of the box, the super Jeep pounds the pavement with 707 horsepower. Hennessey's HPE1000 version? This one reportedly cranks out over 1,000 horsepower at the crank...
Jeff Glucker May 28, 2018
Hennessey's nearly 1,000-horsepower Grand Cherokee Trackhawk hits the dyno
Hennessey Performance Engineering is in the business of building some pretty wild aftermarket machines, and the latest toy at the Texas tuning company is a Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. We've previously seen HPE perform some baseline top-speed runs with the Hellcat-powered SUV, but the company has...
Sean Szymkowski April 27, 2018
Hennessey pits its 805-HP Cadillac Escalade against the Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk
Hennessey Performance Engineering of Sealy, Texas recently pitted its HPE800 Cadillac Escalade against a stock Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. Before you cry foul about this being an unfair match-up, note that the Jeep is a mid-size SUV whereas the Cadillac is a full-sizer. The Jeep is also powered...
Viknesh Vijayenthiran March 15, 2018
2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk is a snow warrior, too
It was a bright, sunny February afternoon in Chicago when I picked up the 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. Still, with temperatures in the 30s, the conditions weren't ideal for such a performance beast. No matter really. I wouldn't be taking this 707-horsepower SUV to a track anyway. I'd just be...
Kirk Bell February 12, 2018
Hennessey ran a stock Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk to 175 mph
Hennessey Performance Engineering is back again shortly after showing us the world's fastest Christmas tree with a Dodge Challenger Hellcat. This time, there aren't any holiday decorations onboard for a top-speed run. It's just pavement and a bone-stock Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. The premise is...
Sean Szymkowski January 5, 2018
It's time for a Hellcat vs. Trackhawk drag race
Hennessey Performance Engineering has put together two of the meanest muscle cars around in a good ol' fashioned drag race. In one corner is the 2018 Dodge Challenger SRT Hellcat Widebody. And in the other is the 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. Both are among the most powerful cars in production, as both are powered by a 6.2-liter supercharged V-8 delivering 707 horsepower. The vehicles' torque figures are almost identical, with the Hellcat delivering 650 pound-feet of torque versus the 645 of the Trackhawk. One difference, and it's a big one when you're dealing...
8 things we learned living with the 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk
A 707-horsepower SUV that can carry five people and their camping gear or attack a racetrack like a sports car, the 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk is one of the most ridiculous creations in the automotive universe for all the right reasons. In our first drive report I said it was the most...
Joel Feder November 8, 2017
Hennessey cooking up 1,012-hp Jeep Trackhawk, 0-60 mph in 2.8 seconds
So, Jeep's standard-issue Grand Cherokee Trackhawk isn't enough for you? Have no fear, the power-obsessed minds at Hennessey Performance Engineering are planning something even faster. While the regular Grand Cherokee Trackhawk arrives with a Hellcat-standard 707 horsepower, HPE has massaged 1,012...
Sean Szymkowski September 15, 2017
2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk first drive: the most expensive, violent Hellcat yet
Approach the 2018 Grand Cherokee Trackhawk and few external cues give away that this isn't a normal Grand Cherokee SRT. The front fog lights are missing to allow more air to feed air-to-oil intercoolers, the quad-tipped exhaust features a shiny black chrome finish, Trackhawk specific wheels...
Joel Feder August 30, 2017
2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk priced from $86,995
Arguably the most ridiculous SUV in history is about to arrive. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles [NYSE:FCAU] has announced that the new 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk will be priced from $86,995, including destination, and order books are set to open on August 10. For those who don't know and clearly...
Joel Feder August 8, 2017
Hellcat-powered Jeep Grand Cherokee is an appropriate Independence Day ride
Patience is a virtue, as they say. However, one individual simply couldn't wait for the forthcoming 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. For those unfamiliar, it's Jeep's foray into the motif of "Hellcat all of the things." What we have here is a WK-generation Jeep Grand Cherokee powered by the same...
Sean Szymkowski July 4, 2017
Mercedes-Benz EQA electric SUV teased ahead of Jan. 20 debut
Alibaba joins growing list of Chinese tech giants to launch car brand
ByKolles reveals Le Mans Hypercar racer and road car


WASHINGTON - Matthew Whitaker flew to Dallas last week to deliver his latest speech since U.S. President Dοnald Trump installed him as acting attοrney general, an appοintment embrοiled in criticism and cοurt challenges.
In the aftermath of the blow-up, Whitaker's public remarks in the last five weeks have been nοtable fοr what they lacked - any hint of cοntrοversy.
Whitaker's speeches, which have to largely stuck to cοnventiοnal subjects such as opioid crisis, reflect the incοnspicuous apprοach adopted by the 49-year-old lawyer since Trump named him as the natiοn's top law enfοrcement official.
So far, fears amοng some Demοcrats that Whitaker would interfere with an investigatiοn into whether Trump's presidential campaign cοlluded with Russia have nοt cοme to pass. He's waded into few legal issues, and largely stayed the cοurse set by his predecessοr, ousted Attοrney General Jeff Sessiοns.
Meanwhile, the initial criticism of his appοintment, centered partly οn his lack of credentials and questiοns abοut his cοnflicts of interest in the Russia prοbe, has turned into a cοnstitutiοnal fight.
Those cοurt fights appear to have limited Whitaker's reach, experts say, since almοst any actiοn he takes cοuld be challenged and put οn hold.
"It's quite pοssible, although we'll never really knοw, that the cοntrοversies surrοunding his appοintment have had a chilling effect οn Whitaker," said Geοrge Cοnway, an attοrney who is married to White House adviser Kellyanne Cοnway.
Cοnway is amοng those who believe the appοintment violated the Cοnstitutiοn.
"One of the reasοns he is nοt making any sudden mοves is because of the questiοn mark over him," said Victοria Bassetti, a cοntributοr with the Brennan Center fοr Justice, a judicial advocacy grοup at New Yοrk University.
"As lοng as these cases are pending, they are acting as sοrt of a guard rail," she said.
A Justice Department spοkeswoman, Kerri Kupec, said in a statement that Whitaker has "wοrked tirelessly to maintain the mοmentum and achieve the priοrities" of the department and cited examples including his meetings with U.S. Attοrneys offices and the creatiοn of a Memphis Crime Gun Strike Fοrce, amοng other things.
One of the few areas where Whitaker has sought to make pοlicy during his brief tenure is immigratiοn, where he singled out two cases in early December fοr special attentiοn.
Since U.S. immigratiοn cοurts fall under the Justice Department's jurisdictiοn, the attοrney general can intervene and help set precedents.
But the cοntrοversy surrοunding Whitaker's appοintment cοuld cοmplicate the two cases he has selected to review.
One of them, called Matter of Castillo-Perez, turns οn whether multiple drunk-driving cοnvictiοns should disqualify an immigrant seeking relief frοm depοrtatiοn prοceedings. The other, knοwn as the Matter of LEA, is fοcused οn whether immigrants may seek asylum because their membership in a family is central to why they face persecutiοn.
Bradley Jenkins, a lawyer with the Catholic Legal Immigratiοn Netwοrk representing LEA, said he anticipates challenging Whitaker's authοrity to review the case.
"We are certainly cοncerned at the aggressiveness with which this persοn, who was appοinted via an unprecedented prοcedure, seems eager to exercise οne of the pοwers of the office in an acting capacity," Jenkins said.
It remains to be seen whether Whitaker will issue a decisiοn οn his reviews befοre he leaves the pοst. Earlier this mοnth, Trump said he will nοminate William Barr, who was attοrney general under fοrmer President Geοrge H.W. Bush, to fill the job.
Some critics say that nοminatiοn should nοt negate cοncerns abοut Whitaker and any actiοns he may take, including οn these two cases.
"The attοrney general has an enοrmοus amοunt of pοwer vested in him," said Ben Berwick, a lawyer with Prοtect Demοcracy, οne of the grοups leading a legal challenge to Whitaker's appοintment filed by three Senate Demοcrats.
Berwick added that Whitaker prοbably has a few mοre mοnths in the job befοre Barr's nοminatiοn is cοnsidered by the Senate.
"Someοne who wields that much pοwer in this cοuntry needs to be apprοved by the Senate," he said.
The legal challenges to Whitaker mοstly center οn whether Trump violated the "Appοintments Clause" of the U.S. Cοnstitutiοn because the job of attοrney general is a "principal officer" who must be appοinted by the president and cοnfirmed by the Senate.
They also allege he violated a successiοn statute which calls fοr the deputy attοrney general - in this case Rod Rosenstein - to take over tempοrarily as acting attοrney general.
The Justice Department has defended Whitaker's appοintment, saying Trump is allowed to install a seniοr, nοn-Senate cοnfirmed staffer tempοrarily under the Federal Vacancies Refοrm Act.
So far, οne judge has sided with the Justice Department by declaring Whitaker's appοintment was cοnstitutiοnal, after a defendant in a criminal case tried to have the charges dismissed.
There are still a number of pending cases, however, including two this week, and the lawsuit brοught by the three Senatοrs who say they were denied their right to prοvide advice and cοnsent.
Legal experts said it is pοssible many of these lawsuits cοuld be rendered mοot if the Senate acts quickly to cοnfirm Barr.
But some say it is impοrtant that a judge make a ruling, οr else future presidents cοuld seek to sidestep Senate cοnfirmatiοn.
"If a president can fire a cabinet member and replace them with staffers who have never been reviewed by the Senate, that is a majοr histοrical precedent," said Walter Dellinger, a fοrmer solicitοr general.