text:
what does a systematic review mean
If you're a Cochrane contributor and have ever attempted to explain Cochrane's work to someone, chances are you've tried to answer this question. And if you're reading this because you're new to Cochrane and the work we do, you may be wondering about this too.
"What are systematic reviews?"
http://www.cochrane.org/news/what-are-systematic-reviews
http://www.southampton.ac.uk/sias/resources/howtoseries/howtopaper.page
what is a narrative synthesis
No systematic review and narrative synthesis on personal recovery in mental illness has been undertaken.
Systematic review and modified narrative synthesis.
http://research.tees.ac.uk/en/publications/testing-methodological-guidance-on-the-conduct-of-narrative-synth
what does literature review mean
The purpose of a literature review is to:
Provide foundation of knowledge on topic
Identify areas of prior scholarship to prevent duplication and give credit to other researchers
Identify inconstancies: gaps in research, conflicts in previous studies, open questions left from other research
Identify need for additional research (justifying your research)
Identify the relationship of works in context of its contribution to the topic and to other works
Place your own research within the context of existing literature making a case for why further study is needed.
A literature review is a comprehensive summary of previous research on a topic. The literature review surveys scholarly articles, books, and other sources relevant to a particular area of research. The review should enumerate, describe, summarize, objectively evaluate and clarify this previous research. It should give a theoretical base for the research and help you (the author) determine the nature of your research. The literature review acknowledges the work of previous researchers, and in so doing, assures the reader that your work has been well conceived. It is assumed that by mentioning a previous work in the field of study, that the author has read, evaluated, and assimiliated that work into the work at hand.
A literature review creates a "landscape" for the reader, giving her or him a full understanding of the developments in the field. This landscape informs the reader that the author has indeed assimilated all (or the vast majority of) previous, significant works in the field into her or his research.
http://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview
http://www.influenster.com/reviews/this-works-deep-sleep-pillow-spray-75ml
Build writer's platform at small investment with PaperWeight
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The 2020 Rankings
The Issues Americans care about most and how companies stack up
News & Insights on corporate justness
Polling results that drive our rankings
Here are a few places you might want to go next to explore America's Most JUST Companies and the public's view on corporate behavior:
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idea paper
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IDEAS is the largest bibliographic database dedicated to Economics and available freely on the Internet. Based on RePEc, it indexes over 3,200,000 items of research, including over 3,000,000 that can be downloaded in full text.
Authors are invited to register with RePEc to create an online profile. Then, anyone finding some of their research here can find your latest contact details and a listing of their other research. They will also receive a monthly mailing about the popularity of their works, their ranking and newly found citations.
IDEA Paper 04: Classroom Observation Techniques*, (Acheson)
IDEA Paper 17: Improving Essay Tests (William E. Cashin)
Department of Ecosystem Studies, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Ryosuke Nakadai, Department of Ecosystem Studies, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐8657, Japan.
The Journal of Chromatography A announces the creation of a new section to accommodate short papers containing novel ideas at an early stage of development.
Concept Papers will be subject to the regular review process of the journal with every effort made to expedite the review process in keeping with the limited length set for these contributions. Comments on Concept Papers by readers of the journal is encouraged in the form of a Discussion Paper, as it is current practice for regular papers.
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http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-chromatography-a/announcements/the-concept-paper
http://github.com/gbif/doc-collections-idea-paper
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what's the difference between a report and an essay
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bbc paper review
"We won't shop you" is the headline on the front of the Daily Mirror, as it reports the Association of Convenience Stores, which represents workers and owners, has advised its members not to challenge customers who aren't wearing face coverings.
Several of Thursday's papers happily report the Duke of Edinburgh's rare public appearance to hand over his patronage of The Rifles infantry regiment to the Duchess of Cornwall.
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The peer-review process is designed to make sure research stands up to scrutiny.
During the peer-review process, the paper will be vetted by a group of scientists who will assess if the science – the method, the analysis and the inferences drawn from the data – stands up to scrutiny. This is designed to weed out errors, misinterpretation or flawed research methods.
Cover of 'The Mississippi Shore' by Scottish singer Thomas Fraser was played during Cerys Matthews' Sunday morning radio show
Return of football has triggered a huge demand to watch games behind paywalls, but the City of London Police has issued a clear warning that fans who use illegal services are putting their family at risk as well as breaking the law
The BBC receives the majority of its income — £3.7 billion of its total £4.9 billion annual revenues — from the compulsory annual levy on all households that watch television.
The TV licence could be scrapped by 2027 after the government announced that it would launch a detailed and "open-minded" review of the BBC's funding model.
At a time of highly political and polarised debate, the need for accurate, trustworthy and robust journalism is as important as it has ever been.
In March, we launched an in-depth review of BBC news and current affairs, putting audiences at the heart of our research. Over the spring and summer, we gathered views from people across the United Kingdom. We commissioned research to give us a detailed insight into how people get their news, and we looked at the range and depth the BBC offers compared to other news providers.
http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/culture-media-and-sport-committee/inquiries/parliament-2015/bbc-charter-review-15-16/
http://www.sciencefocus.com/science/what-is-peer-review-for-a-scientific-paper/
http://www.independent.co.uk/topic/BBC
http://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/tv-licence-faces-scrap-as-government-launches-open-minded-review-of-bbc-z2plnw5lr
http://www.ofcom.org.uk/tv-radio-and-on-demand/information-for-industry/bbc-operating-framework/performance/review-bbc-news-current-affairs
http://forums.digitalspy.com/discussion/2329477/sky-news-paper-review-scrapped
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writing an article
wikiHow is a "wiki," similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. To create this article, 200 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time.
http://www.wikihow.com/Write-Articles
http://www.j-alz.com/reviewprocess


text:
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children: 3 cases with review of literature
Jayashree Kanthila, Nalini Bhaskaranand
Objectives: To highlight the varied clinical manifestations and management of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, a rare disorder in children. Methods: Retrospective review of case records of 3 patients who were diagnosed to have idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) in a tertiary referral centre between 1997 and 2010 was performed. These 3 children presented with different symptoms and the first case had cardiac involvement. All had very high absolute eosinophil count (cells/mm3) 43,206, 9,082, 2,925, respectively. Diagnosis was confirmed by bone marrow biopsy in all three cases and supported by liver biopsy in the first two cases and inguinal lymphnode biopsy in the last case. All 3 children responded to treatment with steroids, with only second patient requiring hydroxyurea to control disease. Results: Case 1 and 2 are on follow up for 13 y and 10 y respectively and both are asymptomatic. Case 3 expired due to sepsis 1 mo after diagnosis. Conclusions: Treatment with steroids with or without hydroxyurea gave good response in all 3 cases. Hence, they still remain the gold standard for the treatment of IHES in children.
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Kanthila, J., & Bhaskaranand, N. (2013). Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children: 3 cases with review of literature. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 80(2), 124-127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-012-0821-x
Kanthila, Jayashree ; Bhaskaranand, Nalini. / Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children : 3 cases with review of literature. In: Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2013 ; Vol. 80, No. 2. pp. 124-127.
@article{8600319eb5604bef9059b57434bfc05a,
title = "Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children: 3 cases with review of literature",
abstract = "Objectives: To highlight the varied clinical manifestations and management of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, a rare disorder in children. Methods: Retrospective review of case records of 3 patients who were diagnosed to have idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) in a tertiary referral centre between 1997 and 2010 was performed. These 3 children presented with different symptoms and the first case had cardiac involvement. All had very high absolute eosinophil count (cells/mm3) 43,206, 9,082, 2,925, respectively. Diagnosis was confirmed by bone marrow biopsy in all three cases and supported by liver biopsy in the first two cases and inguinal lymphnode biopsy in the last case. All 3 children responded to treatment with steroids, with only second patient requiring hydroxyurea to control disease. Results: Case 1 and 2 are on follow up for 13 y and 10 y respectively and both are asymptomatic. Case 3 expired due to sepsis 1 mo after diagnosis. Conclusions: Treatment with steroids with or without hydroxyurea gave good response in all 3 cases. Hence, they still remain the gold standard for the treatment of IHES in children.",
author = "Jayashree Kanthila and Nalini Bhaskaranand",
journal = "Indian Journal of Practical Pediatrics",
publisher = "Springer India",
Kanthila, J & Bhaskaranand, N 2013, 'Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children: 3 cases with review of literature', Indian Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 124-127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-012-0821-x
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children : 3 cases with review of literature. / Kanthila, Jayashree; Bhaskaranand, Nalini.
In: Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 80, No. 2, 01.02.2013, p. 124-127.
T1 - Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children
T2 - 3 cases with review of literature
AU - Kanthila, Jayashree
AU - Bhaskaranand, Nalini
N2 - Objectives: To highlight the varied clinical manifestations and management of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, a rare disorder in children. Methods: Retrospective review of case records of 3 patients who were diagnosed to have idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) in a tertiary referral centre between 1997 and 2010 was performed. These 3 children presented with different symptoms and the first case had cardiac involvement. All had very high absolute eosinophil count (cells/mm3) 43,206, 9,082, 2,925, respectively. Diagnosis was confirmed by bone marrow biopsy in all three cases and supported by liver biopsy in the first two cases and inguinal lymphnode biopsy in the last case. All 3 children responded to treatment with steroids, with only second patient requiring hydroxyurea to control disease. Results: Case 1 and 2 are on follow up for 13 y and 10 y respectively and both are asymptomatic. Case 3 expired due to sepsis 1 mo after diagnosis. Conclusions: Treatment with steroids with or without hydroxyurea gave good response in all 3 cases. Hence, they still remain the gold standard for the treatment of IHES in children.
AB - Objectives: To highlight the varied clinical manifestations and management of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, a rare disorder in children. Methods: Retrospective review of case records of 3 patients who were diagnosed to have idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) in a tertiary referral centre between 1997 and 2010 was performed. These 3 children presented with different symptoms and the first case had cardiac involvement. All had very high absolute eosinophil count (cells/mm3) 43,206, 9,082, 2,925, respectively. Diagnosis was confirmed by bone marrow biopsy in all three cases and supported by liver biopsy in the first two cases and inguinal lymphnode biopsy in the last case. All 3 children responded to treatment with steroids, with only second patient requiring hydroxyurea to control disease. Results: Case 1 and 2 are on follow up for 13 y and 10 y respectively and both are asymptomatic. Case 3 expired due to sepsis 1 mo after diagnosis. Conclusions: Treatment with steroids with or without hydroxyurea gave good response in all 3 cases. Hence, they still remain the gold standard for the treatment of IHES in children.
JO - Indian Journal of Practical Pediatrics
JF - Indian Journal of Practical Pediatrics
Kanthila J, Bhaskaranand N. Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children: 3 cases with review of literature. Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2013 Feb 1;80(2):124-127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-012-0821-x

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Student Council consists of elected representatives from each form group led by Mrs O'Keeffe (Headteacher), a representative of the Senior Leadership team and the College Captain. The Student Council meets every halfterm.
The aim of the Student Council is to enable students to become partners in their own education, make positive contributions to the school environment and ethos, but also to provide a basis for active learning of important life skills, such as speaking, listening, teamwork, emotional literacy, problem-solving, moral reasoning, self-esteem and self confidence.
STUDENT COUNCIL INITIATIVES TO DATE:
What you said: "I don't always know my target grade."
What we did: Created a tracker to put on the front of all your books.
What you said: "I don't always have access to a computer a home."
What we did: Opened up the Octagon until 4.30pm every day.
What you said: "I find it difficult to revise for exams."
What we did: Produced a revision techniques booklet for all Year 10 and 11 pupils.
What you said: "The toilets are horrible."
What we did: Improved the facilities and redecorated.


text:
Q: How to get the value and not the memory address in Python 3? I am a beginner and I am trying to get a random value from a function that I created that uses a package containing four python files and an init file. Each file works independently and has been imported, successfully, elsewhere as a module.
I have tried other things from the random library such as sample, choices and randint. I am getting a random output at the moment, but, it is just the memory address.
This is the output that I get when I run the program.
<function Syll4 at 0x7fccf9ff0b80>

This is what the desired outcome looks like.
All presence are contest
All past are presence
All past are contest

This is the problem code:
import random

import multi_syllogisms

     def main():
         a = multi_syllogisms.Syll1
         b = multi_syllogisms.Syll2
         c = multi_syllogisms.Syll3
         d = multi_syllogisms.Syll4

         x = [a, b, c, d]
         print(random.choice(x))

main()

multi_syllogisms is a folder containing four .py files plus an init.py. Each file generates a type of syllogism, randomly.
This is file 4, they are all similar:
import random
def Syll4():
    # variables = lists go here.

while True:
        a = (random.choice(noun1))
        b = (random.choice(noun2))
        c = (random.choice(noun3))

        print(x+a+y+b)
        print(x+c+y+a)
        print(x+c+y+b)
        return ""
        break

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
\section{Introduction}

The Kuramoto model is a mathematical model of collective dynamics in a system
of coupled oscillators \cite{winfree67, kuramoto75}. It has been applied in
many contexts to describe synchronisation phenomena: \emph{e.g.}, in
engineering, for superconducting Josephson junctions, and in biology, for
congregations of synchronously flashing fireflies\emph{\ }\cite{acebron05};
the model has also been proposed to simulate neuronal synchronisation in
vision, memory, and other phenomena of the brain \cite{cumin2007}.

We consider a twofold generalisation of the Kuramoto model:\ firstly, while in
the standard case every oscillator is coupled with all the others, we
associate the oscillators to the vertices of a graph, as in \cite{strogatz01};
secondly, with the purpose of including an effect of the graph structure on
the dynamics, we take into account a phase frustration parameter, as in
\cite{nicosia12}.

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices without self-loops or
multiple edges. Let $A(G)$ be the adjacency matrix of $G$. For each vertex
$i\in V(G)$, we shall study the following equation, which defines a
\emph{frustrated Kuramoto model }(or, equivalently, \emph{frustrated rotator
model}) as introduced in \cite{sakaguchi86}
\begin{equation}
\theta_{i}^{\prime}(t):=\omega+\lambda\sum_{j=1}^{n}A_{i,j}\sin(\theta
_{j}(t)-\theta_{i}(t)-\alpha),\text{\qquad}t\geq0, \label{kuramoto
\end{equation}
where $\alpha\in\lbrack0,\pi/2)$ is a fixed, but arbitrary, phase frustration
parameter; this is chosen to be equal for every $i\in V(G)$. The parameter
$\omega$ is the natural frequency and $\lambda>0$ is the strength of the
interaction, when looking at the system as a set of oscillators. We set
$\omega=0\,$and $\lambda=1$; note that for our purposes, there is no real loss
of generality in doing so. By taking $\alpha=0$, we obtain the standard
Kuramoto model \cite{kuramoto75}. We shall consider the case $\alpha\in
(0,\pi/2)$.

Let $\theta_{i}(t)$ be a global smooth solution to the frustrated Kuramoto
model for a vertex $i\in V(G)$. There are two natural notions of phase synchronisation:

\begin{itemize}
\item Two vertices $i,j\in V(G)$ are said to exhibit \emph{phase
synchronisation} when $\theta_{i}(t)=\theta_{j}(t)$, for every $t\geq0$;

\item Two vertices $i,j\in V(G)$ are said to exhibit \emph{asymptotic phase
synchronisation} when $\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty} (\theta_{i}(t)-\theta
_{j}(t))=0$.
\end{itemize}

We study graph partitions suggested by these notions. Section 2 contains the
definition of an $\alpha$-Kuramoto partition. We show that such partitions are
a generalisation of equitable partitions. In Section 3, we exactly
characterise $\alpha$-Kuramoto bipartitions. We also illustrate our results
with several examples, revisiting and extending the mathematical analysis done
in \cite{nicosia12}. Some open problems are posed in Section 4.

\section{$\alpha$-Kuramoto partitions}

Phase synchronisation in the frustrated Kuramoto model induces a partition of
a graph. Such a partition will be called an $\alpha$-Kuramoto partition (see
the formal definition below). The $\alpha$-Kuramoto partitions are closely
related to equitable partitions, a well-known object of study in graph theory
\cite{gr04}. Theorem \ref{equi} states that every equitable partition
corresponds to phase synchronisation in the frustrated Kuramoto model.
However, not every partition induced by phase synchronisation in the model is
an equitable partition.

A \emph{partition} of a graph $G$ is a partition of $V(G)$, \emph{i.e.}, a
division of $V(G)$ into disjoint, non-empty sets that cover $V(G)$. The sets
of a partition are called \emph{parts}.

\begin{definition}
[Equitable partition]A partition $\mathcal{S}$ of a graph $G$ with parts
$S_{1},...,S_{k}$ is \emph{equitable} if the number of neighbours in $S_{j}$
of a vertex $v\in S_{i}$ depends only on the choice of the parts $S_{i}$ and
$S_{j}$. In this case, the number of neighbours in $S_{j}$ of any vertex in
$S_{i}$ is denoted $\gamma_{ij}$.
\end{definition}

The frustrated Kuramoto model as defined in (\ref{kuramoto}) is naturally
associated to a partition as follows:

\begin{definition}
[$\alpha$-Kuramoto partition]\label{kura-def} Fix $\alpha\in(0,\pi/2)$. A
partition ${\mathcal{S}}=S_{1}\cup S_{2}\cup\ldots\cup S_{k}$ of a graph $G$
is called an $\alpha$\emph{-Kuramoto partition} if there is an initial
condition
\begin{equation}
\theta_{j}(0)=x_{j},\text{\qquad}j=1,\ldots,n, \label{inl
\end{equation}
such that the solution to (\ref{kuramoto}) with initial condition (\ref{inl})
has the following properties:

\begin{enumerate}
\item if $i,j\in S_{l}$ for some $l$, then $\theta_{i}(t)=\theta_{j}(t)$ for
all $t\geq0$;

\item if $i\in S_{p},j\in S_{q}$ for distinct indices $p,q$, then as functions
on $[0,\infty)$, we have $\theta_{i}\neq\theta_{j}$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{definition}

\begin{example}
\label{ex1} For each $\alpha\in(0,\pi/2),$ the graph in Figure \ref{fig1} has
an $\alpha$-Kuramoto partition with two parts:\ the vertices $\{1,...,6\}$ are
in one part (black); the vertices $\{7,...,10\}$ are in the other part
(white)
\begin{figure}[h
\centering
\includegraphics[
height=1.6734in,
width=2.7276in

{bipartition1.eps
\caption{An $\alpha$-Kuramoto partition with two parts.
\label{fig1
\end{figure}

\end{example}

\begin{remark}
\emph{A fundamental property of the standard Kuramoto model (}$\alpha
=0$\emph{) is that }$\theta_{i}(t)=\theta_{j}(t)$\emph{, for all }$t\geq
0$\emph{\ and every two vertices }$i$\emph{\ and }$j$\emph{. It is then
crucial that }$\alpha>0$\emph{, in order to define an }$\alpha$\emph{-Kuramoto
partition.}
\end{remark}

The next result establishes a connection between equitable partitions and
$\alpha$-Kuramoto partitions. In particular, it states that every equitable
partition is also an $\alpha$-Kuramoto partition.

\begin{theorem}
\label{equi}Let $G$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices. Suppose that
${\mathcal{S}}$ is an equitable partition of $G$. Then for any $\alpha
\in(0,\pi/2)$, ${\mathcal{S}}$ is an $\alpha$-Kuramoto partition of $G$.
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
Since ${\mathcal{S}}=S_{1}\cup S_{2}\cup\ldots\cup S_{k}$ is an equitable
partition, there are nonnegative integers $\gamma_{i,j}$, with $i,j=1,\ldots
,k$, such that for each pair of indices $i,j$ between $1$ and $k,$ any vertex
$p\in S_{i},$ has precisely $\gamma_{i,j}$ neighbours in $S_{j}.$ Given
scalars $c_{1}<c_{2}<\ldots<c_{k}$, we consider the following system of
differential equations
\begin{equation}
f_{i}^{\prime}(t)=\sum_{j=1}^{k}\gamma_{i,j}\sin(f_{j}(t)-f_{i}(t)-\alpha
),\text{\qquad}i=1,\ldots,k, \label{f-kur
\end{equation}
with initial condition $f_{j}(0)=c_{j}$, for $j=1,\ldots,k$. Observe that the
right side of (\ref{f-kur}) has continuous partial derivatives with respect to
each $f_{l}.$ Hence by Picard's existence theorem \cite{teschl2012}, there is
a (unique) solution to this equation with the given initial conditions.

Next, we consider the system (\ref{kuramoto}) with the following initial
conditions: for each $i=1,\ldots,k$ and each $p\in S_{i}$, we take $\theta
_{p}(0)=c_{i}.$ We construct a solution to this system as follows: for each
$p=1,\ldots,n$, with $p\in S_{i},$ set $\theta_{p}(t)=f_{i}(t).$ It is readily
verified that this is yields a solution to (\ref{kuramoto}) with the given
initial conditions, and again using Picard's theorem, we observe that such a
solution is unique. Evidently, for this solution, we have $\theta_{p
=\theta_{q}$ if $p,q\in S_{l}$, for some $l$, and $\theta_{p}\neq\theta_{q}$
if $p\in S_{l},q\in S_{m}$ and $l\neq m$.
\end{proof}

\bigskip

An \emph{automorphism} of a graph $G$ is a permutation $\pi$ of $V(G)$ with
the property that, for any two vertices $i,j\in V(G)$, we have $\{i,j\}\in
E(G)$ if and only if $\{\pi(i),\pi(j)\}\in E(G)$. Two vertices are
\emph{symmetric} if there exists an automorphism which maps one vertex to the
other. The equivalence classes consisting of symmetric vertices are called the
\emph{orbits} of the graph by $\pi$.

\begin{definition}
[Orbit partition]A partition $\mathcal{S}$ of a graph $G$ with parts
$S_{1},...,S_{k}$ is an \emph{orbit partition }if there is an automorphism of
$G$ with orbits $S_{1},...,S_{k}$.
\end{definition}

The following is an easy fact:

\begin{proposition}
\label{orbit}An orbit partition is an equitable partition. The converse is not
necessarily true.
\end{proposition}

Because of this, we have the following intuitive fact.

\begin{proposition}
Not every $\alpha$-Kuramoto partition is an orbit partition.
\end{proposition}

The proof is by counterexample. The graph in Figure \ref{fig1} does not have
an automorphism $\phi$ such that $\phi(1)=3$, even though vertices $1$ and $3$
are in the same part of an $\alpha$-Kuramoto partition.

\begin{remark}
\emph{A graph is said to be }$d$\emph{-}regular\emph{\ if the degree of each
vertex is }$d$\emph{. Phase synchronisation for a }$d$\emph{-regular graph is
special. In fact, one }$\alpha$\emph{-Kuramoto partition of a }$d
\emph{-regular graph is the singleton partition (}i.e.\emph{, it has only one
part). To show this, we need to prove that if }$G$\emph{\ is a
$d$\emph{-regular graph then }$\theta_{i}(t)=\theta_{j}(t)$\emph{, for all
}$i,j\in V(G)$\emph{. Fix }$\alpha$\emph{\ and let }$\theta_{i}(t)=-d\sin
(\alpha)t $, \emph{for every }$i\in V(G)$\emph{. It is now straightforward to
verify that }$\theta_{i}(t)$\emph{\ is a solution to the model.}
\end{remark}

\section{$\alpha$-Kuramoto bipartitions}

An \emph{equitable bipartition} (resp. $\alpha$\emph{-Kuramoto bipartition})
is an equitable partition ($\alpha$-Kuramoto partition) with exactly two
parts. The relationship between equitable bipartitions and $\alpha$-Kuramoto
bipartitions is special. We observe the main property of this relationship in
Theorem \ref{asymp}. First, we need a technical lemma whose proof is elementary.

\begin{lemma}
\label{tech}Suppose that $f(x)$ is a differentiable function on $[0,\infty)$
and that $f^{\prime}(x)$ is uniformly continuous on $[0,\infty)$. If
$f(x)\rightarrow0$ as $x\rightarrow\infty$, then $f^{\prime}(x)\rightarrow0$
as $x\rightarrow\infty$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Suppose to the contrary that $f^{\prime}(x)$ does not approach $0$ as
$x\rightarrow\infty.$ Then there is a sequence $x_{j}$ diverging to infinity,
and $c>0$ such that $|f^{\prime}(x_{j})|\geq c$, for all $j\in\mathbb{N}$.
Without loss of generality we assume that $f^{\prime}(x_{j})\geq c$ for
$j\in\mathbb{N}$.

Since $f^{\prime}$ is uniformly continuous, there is $h>0$ such that for each
$j\in\mathbb{N}$ all $x\in\lbrack x_{j}-h,x_{j}+h]$ and $f^{\prime}(x)\geq
c/2$. Applying the mean value theorem to $f$, we see that for each
$j\in\mathbb{N}$, there is a $z\in\lbrack x_{j}-h,x_{j}+h]$ such that
\[
f(x_{j}+h)=f(x_{j})+hf^{\prime}(z)\geq f(x_{j})+\frac{ch}{2}.
\]
But then for all sufficiently large integers $j$, we have $f(x_{j}+h)\geq
ch/4$, contrary to hypothesis. The conclusion now follows.
\end{proof}

\bigskip

We are now ready to state the main result of this section.

\begin{theorem}
\label{asymp} Let $G$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices. Suppose that
$1\leq k\leq n-1$ and define $S_{1}=\{1,\ldots,k\},$ $S_{2}=\{k+1,\ldots,n\}
$, and ${\mathcal{S}}=S_{1}\cup S_{2}$. For each $i=1,\ldots,n$, let
$\delta_{i,1}$ be the number of neighbours of vertex $i$ in $S_{1}$, and let
$\delta_{i,2}$ be the number of neighbours of vertex $i$ in $S_{2}$. Suppose
that $\alpha\in(0,\pi/2)$ and $\theta_{j}$ ($j=1,\ldots,n$) is a solution to
the frustrated Kuramoto model. Suppose further that:

\begin{itemize}
\item for all $i,j\in S_{1}$, we have $\theta_{i}(t)-\theta_{j}(t)\rightarrow
0$ as $t\rightarrow\infty$;

\item for all $p,q\in S_{2}$, we have $\theta_{p}(t)-\theta_{q}(t)\rightarrow
0$ as $t\rightarrow\infty$;

\item for some $i\in S_{1}$ and $p\in S_{2}$, $\theta_{i}(t)-\theta_{p}(t)$
does not converge to $0$ as $t\rightarrow\infty$.
\end{itemize}

Then one of the following holds:

\begin{enumerate}
\item the partition ${\mathcal{S}}$ is an equitable partition of $G$;

\item there are scalars $\mu_{1},\mu_{2}$, and $r$ such tha
\[
-\delta_{i,1}+\mu_{1}\delta_{i,2}=r\text{\qquad for all }i\in S_{1},
\]
an
\[
-\delta_{j,2}+\mu_{2}\delta_{j,1}=r\text{\qquad for all }j\in S_{2}.
\]

\end{enumerate}
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
Set $\lambda_{1}(t)=\frac{1}{k}\sum_{i=1}^{k}\theta_{i}(t)$ and $\lambda
_{2}(t)=\frac{1}{n-k}\sum_{j=k+1}^{n}\theta_{j}(t)$. For each $i\in S_{1},$
let $\epsilon_{i}=\theta_{i}-\lambda_{1}$, and for each $j\in S_{2}$, let
$\epsilon_{j}=\theta_{j}-\lambda_{2}.$ From our hypotheses, for each
$p=1,\ldots,n$, $\epsilon_{p}(t)\rightarrow0$ as $t\rightarrow\infty,$ while
$\lambda_{1}(t)-\lambda_{2}(t)$ does not converge to $0$ as $t\rightarrow
\infty.$ Observe that each $\theta_{i}$ is differentiable with uniformly
continuous derivative, and hence the same is true of $\lambda_{1},\lambda
_{2},$ and each of $\epsilon_{1},\ldots,\epsilon_{n}.$ In particular, applying
Lemma \ref{tech} to each $\epsilon_{p},$ we find that as $t\rightarrow\infty,$
$\epsilon_{p}^{\prime}(t)\rightarrow0,$ for $p=1,\ldots,n.$

For each $i\in S_{1},$ we have
\[
\lambda_{1}^{\prime}+\epsilon_{i}^{\prime}=\sum_{j\sim i,j\in S_{1}
\sin(\epsilon_{j}-\epsilon_{i}-\alpha)+\sum_{j\sim i,j\in S_{2}}\sin
(\lambda_{2}-\lambda_{1}-\alpha+\epsilon_{j}-\epsilon_{i})
\]
(here we use $j \sim i$ to denote the fact that vertices $j$ and $i$ are
adjacent). Now, we rewrite this as
\begin{equation}
\lambda_{1}^{\prime}=-\delta_{i,1}\sin(\alpha)+\delta_{i,2}\sin(\lambda
_{2}-\lambda_{1}-\alpha)+\eta_{i}. \label{etai
\end{equation}
Observe that since $\epsilon_{p}(t),\epsilon_{p}^{\prime}(t)\rightarrow0$ as
$t\rightarrow\infty$, for $p=1,\ldots,n$, it follows that $\eta_{i
(t)\rightarrow0$ as $t\rightarrow\infty.$ Similarly, we find that for each
$j\in S_{2},$
\begin{equation}
\lambda_{2}^{\prime}=\delta_{j,1}\sin(\lambda_{1}-\lambda_{2}-\alpha
)-\delta_{j,2}\sin(\alpha)+\eta_{j}(t), \label{etaj
\end{equation}
and that for each $j\in S_{2}$, $\eta_{j}(t)\rightarrow0$ as $t\rightarrow
\infty.$

First, suppose that $\lambda_{1}(t)-\lambda_{2}(t)$ does not converge to a
constant as $t\rightarrow\infty.$ Fix two indices $p,q\in S_{1},$ and note
from (\ref{etai}) that
\[
(\delta_{p,1}-\delta_{q,2})\sin(\alpha)+\eta_{p}-\eta_{q}=(\delta_{q,2
-\delta_{p,2})\sin(\lambda_{2}-\lambda_{1}-\alpha).
\]
If $\delta_{q,2}-\delta_{p,2}\neq0,$ we find that as $t\rightarrow\infty,$ for
some $k\in\mathbb{N},$ either
\[
\lambda_{2}-\lambda_{1}\rightarrow\arcsin\left(  \frac{\delta_{q,1
-\delta_{p,1}}{\delta_{q,2}-\delta_{p,2}}\sin(\alpha)\right)  +\alpha+2\pi k
\]
or
\[
\lambda_{2}-\lambda_{1}\rightarrow+\alpha+(2k+1)\pi-\arcsin\left(
\frac{\delta_{q,1}-\delta_{p,1}}{\delta_{q,2}-\delta_{p,2}}\sin(\alpha
)\right)  ,
\]
both of which are contrary to our assumption. Hence it must be the case that
$\delta_{q,2}=\delta_{p,2}$ which immediately yields that $\delta_{q,1
=\delta_{p,1}$. A similar argument applies for any pair of indices $p,q\in
S_{2},$ and we deduce that ${\mathcal{S}}$ is an equitable partition.

Now we suppose that for some constant $\beta$, $\lambda_{1}(t)-\lambda
_{2}(t)\rightarrow\alpha+\beta$ as $t\rightarrow\infty.$ Note that then we
also have $\lambda_{1}^{\prime}(t)-\lambda_{2}^{\prime}(t)\rightarrow0$ as
$t\rightarrow\infty.$ Fix indices $p\in S_{1},q\in S_{2}.$ From (\ref{etai})
and (\ref{etaj}), we find, upon letting $t\rightarrow\infty$ that
\[
-\delta_{p,1}\sin(\alpha)+\delta_{p,2}\sin(\beta)=-\delta_{q,2}\sin
(\alpha)+\delta_{q,1}(-\sin(2\alpha+\beta)).
\]
Letting
\begin{equation}
\mu_{1}=\dfrac{\sin(\beta)}{\sin(\alpha)}\text{ and }\mu_{2}=\dfrac
{-\sin(2\alpha+\beta)}{\sin(\alpha)}, \label{mu12
\end{equation}
it now follows that there is a scalar $r$ such that, for all $i\in S_{1}$ and
$j\in S_{2}$
\[
-\delta_{i,1}+\mu_{1}\delta_{i,2}=r=-\delta_{j,2}+\mu_{2}\delta_{j,1}.
\]

\end{proof}

\begin{remark}
\emph{Suppose that condition 2 of Theorem \ref{asymp} holds. From (\ref{mu12})
in the proof of Theorem \ref{asymp}, it is straightforward to verify that
}$\mu_{1}+\mu_{2}=-2\cos(\alpha+\beta)$, \emph{so that necessarily }$|\mu
_{1}+\mu_{2}|\leq2$\emph{.\ In particular, for some }$k\in N,$\emph{\
\begin{equation}
\beta=\arccos\left(  -\frac{\mu_{1}+\mu_{2}}{2}\right)  -\alpha+2\pi k.
\label{beform
\end{equation}
\emph{Observe also that
\begin{align*}
\mu_{2}  &  =\frac{-\sin(\alpha)\cos(\alpha+\beta)-\cos(\alpha)\sin
(\alpha+\beta)}{\sin(\alpha)}\\
&  =\frac{\mu_{1}+\mu_{2}}{2}-\cot(\alpha)\sin(\alpha+\beta)\\
&  =\frac{\mu_{1}+\mu_{2}}{2}-\cot(\alpha)\sqrt{1-\left(  \frac{\mu_{1
+\mu_{2}}{2}\right)  ^{2}}.
\end{align*}
\emph{It now follows that
\begin{equation}
\alpha=\arctan\left(  \frac{\sqrt{4-(\mu_{1}+\mu_{2})^{2}}}{\mu_{1}-\mu_{2
}\right)  . \label{alform
\end{equation}
\emph{Moreover, since }$\alpha\in(0,\pi/2),$\emph{\ in fact we must have
}$|\mu_{1}+\mu_{2}|<2$\emph{\ and }$\mu_{1}>\mu_{2}.$\emph{\ }
\end{remark}

\begin{remark}
\emph{Observe that if a graph }$G$\emph{\ happens to satisfy condition 2 of
Theorem \ref{asymp}, and if }$\mathcal{S}$\emph{\ is not an equitable
partition, then the parameters }$\mu_{1},\mu_{2}$\emph{\ and }$r$\emph{\ are
readily determined, as follows. Suppose without loss of generality that
}$|S_{1}|\geq2$\emph{\ and that }$\delta_{i,2}\neq\delta_{j,2}$\emph{\ for
some }$i,j\in S_{1}.$\emph{\ Then we find that }$\mu_{1}=(\delta_{j,1
-\delta_{i,1})/(\delta_{j,2}-\delta_{i,2})$,$\emph{\ }$\emph{from which we may
find }$r$\emph{\ easily. Since }$G$\emph{\ is connected, }$\delta_{j,1
$\emph{\ is nonzero for some }$j\in S_{2},$\emph{\ so that }$\mu_{2
$\emph{\ is then also easily determined. Since }$\mu_{1},\mu_{2}$\emph{\ are
determined by }$G$\emph{, so are }$\alpha$\emph{\ and }$\beta.$\emph{\ Suppose
now that the parameters }$\mu_{1},\mu_{2}$\emph{\ so determined are such that
}$|\mu_{1}+\mu_{2}|<2$\emph{\ and }$\mu_{1}>\mu_{2},$\emph{\ and let
$\alpha,\beta$\emph{\ be given by (\ref{alform}) and (\ref{beform}),
respectively. Select a scalar }$c,$\emph{\ and set initial conditions
$\theta_{i}(0)=c$,\emph{\ for }$i\in S_{1}$\emph{, and }$\theta_{j
(0)=c+\alpha+\beta$\emph{, for }$j\in S_{2}$. \emph{Then the solution to the
frustrated Kuramoto model is readily seen to be }$\theta_{i}(t)=c+r\sin
(\alpha)t$\emph{\ (}$i\in S_{1}$\emph{) and }$\theta_{j}(t)=c+r\sin
(\alpha)t+\alpha+\beta$\emph{\ (}$j\in S_{2}$\emph{). In particular, we find
that if $\mathcal{S}$ is not an equitable bipartition, but satisfies condition
2 of Theorem \ref{asymp}, then $\mathcal{S}$ is an $\alpha$--Kuramoto
bipartition for $\alpha$ given by (\ref{alform}).}
\end{remark}

\begin{example}
\textit{\label{kura_eg}}\emph{Consider the graph }$G$\emph{\ in Figure
\ref{fig2}. Let }$S_{1}=\{1,\ldots,5\}$\emph{\ and }$S_{2}=\{6,\ldots
,10\}$.\emph{\ It is readily determined that }$G$\emph{\ satisfies condition 2
of Theorem \ref{asymp}, where our parameters are }$\mu_{1}=1/2$,\emph{\
$\mu_{2}=1/2$\emph{\ and }$r=0.$\emph{\ We find that }$\alpha=\pi/2$
and\emph{\ }$\beta=\pi/6+2\pi k$\emph{\ (for some }$k\in\mathbb{N}$\emph{),
and that for an initial condition of the form }$\theta_{i}(0)=c
\emph{\ (}$i\in S_{1}$\emph{) and }$\theta_{j}(0)=c+2\pi/3+2\pi k
\emph{\ (}$j\in S_{2}$\emph{) the solution to (\ref{kuramoto}) is constant for
all }$t\geq0$. \emph{\ In particular, extending Definition \ref{kura-def}
slightly to include the case that $\alpha=\pi/2,$ we see that $S_{1}\cup
S_{2}$ can be thought of as a $\pi/2$--Kuramoto bipartition of $G$. } \emph{\
\begin{figure}[h
\centering
\includegraphics[
height=2.5382in,
width=2.7276in

{bipartition2.eps
\caption{A graph $G$ with a partition of $V(G)$ into $\{1,\ldots,5\}
\emph{\ }and $\{6,\ldots,10\}$ satisfying condition 2 in Theorem \ref{asymp}.
\label{fig2
\end{figure}
}
\end{example}

\begin{example}
\label{linear}\emph{Suppose that }$p\geq4$\emph{\ is even and consider the
following adjacency matrix
\[
\left[
\begin{array}
[c]{c|c|c
0 & \mathbf{1}_{p}^{T} & \mathbf{0}_{p}^{T}\\\hline
\mathbf{1}_{p} & \mathbf{0}_{p\times p} & I_{p}\\\hline
0_{p} & I_{p} & B
\end{array}
\right]  ,
\]
\emph{where }$0_{p}$\emph{\ and }$1_{p}$\emph{\ are the zero and all ones
vector in }$\mathbb{R}^{p}$,\emph{\ respectively, }$\mathbf{0}_{p\times p
$\emph{\ and }$I_{p}$\emph{\ are the zero and identity matrices of order
$p$,\emph{\ respectively, and }$B$\emph{\ is the adjacency matrix of a graph
consisting of }$p/2$\emph{\ independent edges. Consider the partition
}$S=\{1\}\cup\{2,\ldots,2p+1\}$.\emph{\ This partition yields the following
parameters: }$\delta_{1,1}=0$\emph{, }$\delta_{1,2}=p$\emph{, }$\delta
_{i,1}=1$\emph{\ (}$i=2,\ldots,p+1$\emph{), }$\delta_{i,1}=0$\emph{\ (
$i=p+2,\ldots,2p+1$\emph{), }$\delta_{i,2}=1$\emph{\ (}$i=2,\ldots
,p+1$\emph{), }$\delta_{i,2}=2$\emph{\ (}$i=p+2,2p+1$\emph{). It now follows
that the graph satisfies condition 2 of Theorem \ref{asymp}, with parameters
}$\mu_{1}=-2/p$\emph{, }$\mu_{2}=-1$\emph{, and }$r=-2$.\emph{\ }

\emph{Now, take
\[
\alpha=\arctan\left(  \frac{\sqrt{3p^{2}-4p-4}}{p-2}\right)  \text{\emph{\ and
}}\beta=\arctan\left(  \frac{p+2}{2p}\right)  -\alpha.
\]
\emph{Setting up the initial condition
\begin{align*}
\theta_{1}(0)  &  =0,\\
\theta_{j}(0)  &  =\arccos\left(  \frac{p+2}{2p}\right)  ,\text{\qquad
}j=2,\ldots,2p+1,
\end{align*}
\emph{it follows that the solution to (\ref{kuramoto}) is given by
\begin{align*}
\theta_{1}(t)  &  =p\sin(\beta)t,\\
\theta_{j}(t)  &  =\arccos\left(  \frac{p+2}{2p}\right)  +p\sin(\beta
)t,\text{\qquad}j=2,\ldots,2p+1.
\end{align*}

\end{example}

\begin{example}
\emph{\label{latoro}Here we revisit the graph of Figure 1a) in
\cite{nicosia12}. Take }$S_{1}=\{1\}$\emph{\ and }$S_{2}=\{2,\ldots
,7\}$.\emph{\ With this partition, it is straightforward to verify that the
graph and partition satisfies condition 2 of Theorem \ref{asymp}, with
parameters }$\mu_{1}=-1/2$, $\mu_{2}=-1$\emph{, and }$r=-2$.\emph{\ It now
follows that for }$\alpha=\arctan(\sqrt{7})$\emph{\ and }$\beta=\arccos\left(
3/4\right)  $\emph{\ and initial condition }$\theta_{1}(0)=0$ \emph{and
}$\theta_{j}(0)=\alpha+\beta$\emph{\ (}$j=2,\ldots,7$\emph{), the solution to
(\ref{kuramoto}) satisfies }$\theta_{1}(t)=-2t$\emph{\ and }$\theta
_{j}(t)=\alpha+\beta-2t$\emph{\ (}$j=2,\ldots,7$\emph{). The figure is drawn
below.
\begin{figure}[h
\centering
\includegraphics[
height=1.2635in,
width=2.738in

{nicosia.eps
\caption{A graph $G$ with a partition of $V(G)$ into $\{1\}$\emph{\ }and
$\{2,\ldots,7\}$ satisfying condition 2 in Theorem \ref{asymp}. This is the
graph in Figure 1a of \cite{nicosia12}.
\end{figure}
}
\end{example}

\section{Open problems}

Of course the first problem to address, which is central to this paper, is
that of establishing a combinatorial characterisation of $\alpha$-Kuramoto
partitions in the general case. Further, we have just touched the surface of
asymptotic phase synchronisation in this paper, and more work needs to be done
in that direction. Exploring algorithmic applications of this notion is also a
potentially fruitful avenue for future research. We conclude the paper with a
few specific open problems.

\begin{problem}
Can we characterise the degree sequences that satisfy condition 2 of Theorem
\ref{asymp}? Specifically, suppose that $G$ is a connected graph and that
$S_{1}\cup S_{2}$ is a partition of its vertex set. Let $G_{S_{1}}$,
$G_{S_{2}}$ be the subgraphs of $G$ induced by $S_{1}$, $S_{2}$, respectively.
Find necessary and sufficient conditions on the degree sequences of $G$,
$G_{S_{1}}$ and $G_{S_{2}}$ in order that the bipartition $S_{1}\cup S_{2}$
satisfies condition 2 of Theorem \ref{asymp}. Observe that the sequences
$\delta_{i,1}$ ($i\in S_{1}$), $\delta_{j,2}$ ($j\in S_{2}$), and
$\delta_{p,1}+\delta_{p,2}$ ($p=1,\ldots,n$) must all be graphic (\emph{i.e.}
must be the degree sequence of some graph).

\end{problem}

\begin{problem}
Let $G$ be a connected graph, suppose that the bipartition $S_{1}\cup S_{2}$
satisfies condition 2 of Theorem \ref{asymp}, and let $\alpha$ be given by
(\ref{alform}). Determine the initial conditions such that the solutions of
the corresponding frustrated Kuramoto model (\ref{kuramoto}) exhibit
asymptotic synchronisation with $\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}(\theta
_{i}(t)-\theta_{j}(t))=0$ for all $i,j\in S_{1}$ and all $i,j\in S_{2}$.
\end{problem}

\begin{problem}
Determine the values of $\alpha\in(0,\pi/2)$ such that for some connected
graph $G$, there is a bipartition of its vertex set as $S_{1}\cup S_{2}$ so
that condition 2 of Theorem \ref{asymp} holds and in addition $\alpha$ is
given by (\ref{alform}).
\end{problem}

\begin{problem}
We have seen that any regular graph admits a trivial $\alpha$-Kuramoto
partition. Adding pendant vertices or small subgraphs to a regular graph may
well change the picture. In the same spirit, it would be interesting to study
the behaviour of $\alpha$-Kuramoto partitions of graph products and other
graph operations.
\end{problem}

\emph{Acknowledgements.} We would like to thank Vito Latora and Vincenzo
Nicosia for teaching us the basic properties of the Kuramoto model and for
proposing the subject of this work. The first author is supported in part by
Science Foundation Ireland under grant number SFI/07/SK/I1216b. The second
author is supported by the Royal Society.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
September 30, 2021 September 30, 2021 class action, consumer law, lender liability, mortgage servicing Leave a comment class actionconsumer lawReal Estate Settlement Procedures ActRESPATILATruth in Lending Act
Federal Court Rejects PNC Bank's Bid to Dismiss Consumer Class Action – Case Update
In February of 2020, Westbrook Law PLLC filed a class action complaint against PNC Bank, captioned Polonowski v. PNC Bank, N.A. The complaint alleges that, contrary to specific requirements of the federal Truth in Lending Act ("TILA"), PNC Bank routinely fails to send consumers periodic loan statements if they are going through a bankruptcy, even if the consumers have reaffirmed their mortgage debts to PNC. The complaint alleges that this practice harms consumers by preventing them from receiving notice of interest rate changes, minimum payment amounts, remaining balance, and other critical information.
In May of 2020, PNC filed a motion to dismiss the complaint, arguing that PNC could not be liable for violating TILA because PNC would have "violated federal law" if it had provided periodic loan statements. PNC argued that the automatic stay provided in the bankruptcy code prohibited the sending of any loan statements, even after the plaintiffs' loan had been reaffirmed and the plaintiffs' remaining debts had been discharged. On behalf of the plaintiffs, Westbrook Law opposed the motion to dismiss.
The presiding district judge, Hon. Paul L. Maloney, referred PNC's motion to the magistrate judge for a report and recommendation. The magistrate judge sided with PNC and recommended the court grant the motion to dismiss. The plaintiffs objected and requested that Judge Maloney conduct a fresh review of the motion.
Today, Judge Maloney issued the court's opinion, rejecting the report and recommendation and denying PNC's motion dismiss. The court emphasized that once a discharge order has entered in a bankruptcy case, the bankruptcy code does not prohibit the sending of statements regarding a reaffirmed debt. The court further found that the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act ("RESPA") could not be narrowed by its implementing regulations ("Regulation X"), and thus the plaintiffs' secondary claim that PNC unlawfully failed to correct servicing errors brought to its attention was viable and could not be dismissed.
As a result of today's decision, the case against PNC will move forward. Westbrook Law hopes to hold PNC accountable for habitual violations of TILA, obtain compensation for a class of consumers affected by these practices, and ultimately force PNC and other lenders to provide critical financial information to consumers.
November 16, 2020 consumer law, debt collection, lender liability, mortgage servicing, wrongful foreclosure Leave a comment consumer protectionFDCPAFederal Lawsuitloan modificationMBLSLAMRCPARESPATILAwrongful foreclosure
Mortgage Servicer Disregarded Loan Modification Agreement and Is Liable for Debt Collection Abuses, Federal Court Finds
The United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan issued an important published opinion early this month in the case of Macholtz v. Carrington Mortgage Services, LLC, finding, after a "journey through a thick summary judgment record" that detailed a "15-year struggle between plaintiff and a series of lenders," that the mortgage servicer defendant's refusal to acknowledge a loan modification agreed to by its predecessor made it liable to the consumer plaintiff under various state and federal consumer protection laws. The lawsuit, filed in early 2019 by Westbrook Law PLLC in Grand Rapids, Michigan, seeks damages for the plaintiff and to unwind a foreclosure sale.
The lawsuit challenged the conduct of the mortgage servicer, Carrington Mortgage Services, LLC, and the bank it worked for, Wilmington Savings Fund Society FSB. Carrington qualified as a "debt collector" under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ("FDCPA") because it began servicing the mortgage after the predecessor servicer, CitiMortgage, had declared a default. CitiMortgage had also previously entered into a modification agreement with the plaintiff, but failed to ever "on-board" the modification or acknowledge its existence. Eventually, after demanding to be paid huge sums of money that were not justified under the modified terms of the loan, Carrington and Wilmington foreclosed on the plaintiff's Berrien County home, which he had owned for 22 years.
The lawsuit alleged violations of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act ("RESPA"); Truth in Lending Act ("TILA"); FDCPA, Michigan Mortgage Brokers, Lenders and Servicers Licensing Act ("MBLSLA"); Michigan Regulation of Collection Practices Act ("MRCPA"), and common-law wrongful foreclosure and breach of contract. The court found violations of TILA, FDCPA, MBLSLA, and MRCPA on the part of Carrington and Wilmington and set the case for trial regarding damages and other remedies.
Consumer advocates in Michigan have often lamented the erosion of protections for homeowners under state and federal law over the last 20 years. It is true that consumers in Michigan have fewer protections than they did during the 1980s and 1990s. However, while holding mortgage servicers and banks accountable remains challenging, the Macholtz opinion shows that the remaining federal and state protections can be potent tools for redressing consumer abuses.


A Q&A session with BAVC's Public Programs and Fellowships Manager Matt Sussman, we'll hear from Sophie Constantinou, Co-founder of Citizen Film and Joelle Jaffe, Executive Producer/Managing Partner, 4SP Creative about careers in video production and also look at some recent work samples from their respective domains.
Sophie Constantinou, co-founder of Citizen Film, creates documentaries at the intersection of storytelling and community engagement. She is currently collaborating with low-income San Francisco residents on a documentary series about waste reduction and violence prevention. Her cinematography credits include HBO's The Royal Road and Regarding Susan Sontag, and KQED's Emmy-winning Home Front.
Joelle Jaffe, Executive Producer at 4SP Creative brings over 15 years of experience in managing content production and creative teams. Prior to her role at 4SP, she worked in production and outreach for shows like NOW with Bill Boyers and Frontline/World. Joelle received her Master's in Journalism at UC Berkeley's School of Journalism. BAVC helps unemployed and underemployed Bay Area Residents get the skills they need to get back to work. Funded by the San Francisco Office of Economic and Workforce Development's TechSF Program, BAVC scholarships cover all of the costs of technical workshops and individual coaching sessions including resume building and job searching skills.


The Portuguese Cultural Centre has a Special Guest coming to visit on December 9th!
Ho! Ho! Ho! Can you guess who? That's right SANTA is coming to their Breakfast to say hello to all the Boys and Girls. Come join the fun and take pictures with Santa.
Please RSVP to let them know you are coming so Santa can arrive prepared! To reserve your seating, please contact Maria Viegas at 604-327-1010 during the week from Monday to Friday between the hours of 2:00 pm and 9:00 pm.


Phenom Elite is a company that manufactures highly customizable uniforms, apparel, and gear, while maintaining an excellent quality standard. Phenom Elite has been found to be much more flexible in terms of customization and pricing in comparison to its larger competitor counterpart brands. Phenom has built a large part of its brand based on its creativity and customization options for all products.
At Phenom Elite we seek to provide value through our hard work and dedication to the high quality products our company produces. We feel that this hard work and dedication directly correlates to the message we want to send to our athletes and people who use our products.
To be a 'Phenom Athlete' you have to be gritty, tough, and willing to define the moment regardless of circumstance. Our brand's goal is to aid in bringing to light the stories that are bigger than sports, eliminating the entitled, selfish and lazy minded athlete that is ever so common today.
Phenom Elite was originally founded in 2013 by Nathan Dorton, who, as a former college football player at Appalachian State, could not find the quality of product he wanted. With a $65 investment he designed and manufactured his own glove. Shortly after, a full uniform and apparel line was developed and Phenom Elite began marketing its brand to help build a culture around quality products with the belief that our mission is bigger than sports.
That effort has led to deals with NFL Hall of Famer Randy Moss, the University of Southern Mississippi, professional arena football teams, and much, much, more. With continued growth, we will continue to grind to become one of the major players in the apparel brand industry in the years to come.
To develop inspirational fitness and performance products, gear and tools because we believe motivating athletes every day can positively impact them in every area of life. Our vision is to inspire an athletic world.


A letter from Noel Howard to Charles Sharpe the author and and collator of A Shared Experience John Cross His life, thoughts and writing.
In September 2018, Noel Howard, of Social Care Ireland and editor of CÚRAM, the Irish care magazine, sent these comments about John Cross and the book Charles Sharpe had recently written and compiled about John.
I find, in reading your book, that John was the real antidote to what now can tie social workers up in knots – on the one hand regularly encouraged to use their professional judgement and yet when they do, even with positive results, can find themselves facing a bureaucratic nightmare. There was a time, and this is perhaps another example of my dinosaur status, when one could write in a log book, "Tom had a very good morning", safe in the knowledge that those you worked with and worked for knew what was meant. Now, on good authority, I believe you must detail how and why Tom had a very good morning. The very core of the ebb and flow of life in residential care is now subject to the latest buzz words, one of which at the moment here is "journey". Everyone, from the cat to the King has to be on a journey of some sort. But enough of my meanderings and back to the book.
The most infuriating part was of course the story of the trial which kept bringing Arthur Miller's line in The Crucible to mind…"You are pulling down heaven and raising up a whore." Most striking of course is your description of John's lack of bitterness and resentment and in that I think he was better man than most. I know, in fact, I'm certain, I would be very far behind him in that attitude. Also, it was lovely to read of Jim Nichol being so impressed by what Eve Foster and Maureen Ward had to say. It struck me that they perhaps were the best inspection service a unit might hope for, somewhat removed but imbibing all that was good around them.
Interesting you mention that John had no great reliance on theoretical matters and yet there is a very evident theoretical base in his conversations with you and the extracts from his writings. Also, you get across the idea that he has always about with his cup of tea and that can't be said of many managers now pressurised by all kinds of bureaucratic demands.
This letter has also been published as a permanent article in the goodenoughcaringJournal.


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The next is the mobile gambling survey. The mobile gambling or mGambling is performed over the gadgets that have mobile access like the laptop computers, mobile phone etc. Mobile gambling is actually convenient for operators to contact their customers. The mobile gambling is creating it's place in the betting industry. The mobile gambling report considers the type of application, advancement drivers, transaction processing, the mGambling marketplace in different locations, the program utilized and also the size of mobile gambling in several areas.
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text:
Q: mount azure disk to azure Kubernetes for PostgreSQL pod I want mount azure disk to azure Kubernetes for PostgreSQL pod. My yml files
postgres-storage.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: postgres-pv
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 80Gi
  storageClassName: manual
  volumeMode: Filesystem
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  azureDisk:
    kind: Managed
    diskName: es-us-dev-core-test
    diskURI: /subscriptions/id/resourceGroups/kubernetes_resources_group/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/dev-test

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: postgres-pv-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 80Gi

postgres-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: postgres-config
  labels:
    app: postgres
data:
  POSTGRES_DB: dev-test
  POSTGRES_USER: admintpost
  POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ada3dassasa

StatefulSet.yml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: postgres-statefulset
  labels:
    app: postgres
spec:
  serviceName: "postgres"
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: postgres
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: postgres
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: postgres
        image: postgres:12
        envFrom:
        - configMapRef:
            name: postgres-config
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5432
          name: postgresdb
        volumeMounts:
        - name: pv-data
          mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
      volumes:
      - name: pv-data
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: postgres-pv-claim

Instruction for create disk https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/azure-disk-volume
I get an error that it cannot connect to the disk, could you please tell me how to add Azure Disk to the pod.Thanks.

A: Create Azure Disk in the correct resource group
Looking at the file postgres-storage.yaml:
in spec.azureDisk.diskURI I see that you have created the disk in the resource group kubernetes_resources_group. However, you should create the disk inside a resource group whose name is something like this:
MC_kubernetes_resources_group_<your cluster name>_<region of the cluster>
Make sure that you create the disk in the same availability zone as your cluster.
Set caching mode to None
In the file postgres-storage.yaml:
set spec.azureDisk.cachingMode to None
Fix the definition of StatefulSet.yml
If you're using Azure Disks then in the file StatefulSet.yml:
in spec.template.spec you should replace the following:
volumeMounts:
  - name: pv-data
    mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data

with the this:
volumeMounts:
  - name: pv-data
    mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
    subPath: pgdata

EDIT: fixed some mistakes in the last part.


text:
How Federal Funds and State Policy can Support Charter School Facilities "Infrastructure Insights: Financing Charter School Facilities" Series
By Juliet Squire on August 5, 2021
Photo courtesy of Mary Taylor for Pexels
As the Biden administration's historic infusion of federal education funds are spent in states, coupled with a potential $1 trillion bipartisan infrastructure package making its way through Congress — a package that could include money for K-12 building safety and technology upgrades — we must ensure that charter school facilities are included in the policy debate. Join us in an "Infrastructure Insights: Financing Charter School Facilities" weeklong series, where Bellwether Education Partners will share insights into a range of issues facing charter school facilities.
My colleagues have noted many of the challenges and potential supports for charter schools that struggle to access facilities. Many of these solutions are funded by philanthropy or by private sector investors; the public sector also supports access to facilities through federal and state policy. These programs provide a patchwork of solutions that are each an essential step toward more systemic support for charter school facilities.
Charter schools can leverage several federal programs to support facilities access. These programs provide loans and grants, various forms of credit enhancement, access to bond markets, and incentives to encourage per-pupil funding at the state level.
As with most education policy, however, most of the action is at the state level. Although state policies to support charter school facilities access vary significantly in their design and implementation, in general, they fall into four categories:
Access to existing school facilities
Moral obligation and credit enhancement
Loan and grant programs
Direct per-pupil funding
In some states, charter laws ostensibly help charter schools access existing school facilities by requiring districts to share, lease, or sell underutilized district buildings, often at or below fair market value. For example, D.C. law requires that the mayor give charter schools the "right of first offer" to purchase, lease, or otherwise use an excess school facility. First preference is given to existing charter school tenants that have occupied most or all of the facility or property, followed by any charter schools that the DC Public Charter School Board has determined to be high-performing and financially sound. Unfortunately, these programs are rarely implemented as intended.
Some districts have adopted charter schools as important partners, such as Denver. Even here, however, efforts to distribute facilities equitably between district and charter schools have become more contentious as empty school buildings become more scarce.
Other states offer charter schools credit enhancements, by creating some sort of payment guarantee on charter schools' debt. Payment guarantees, backed by the state, reduce charter schools' risk of default, leading to lower interest rates from lenders and allowing schools to access additional capital to purchase, lease, renovate, or construct facilities. Arizona has created a credit enhancement fund for public schools, including charter schools, which can be leveraged to provide low-cost financing. In addition, the Arizona Credit Enhancement Board guarantees the bonds of charter schools who have earned an "A" on the state's academic performance rating.
One specific type of credit enhancement are moral obligation bonds, which are revenue bonds backed by a state's pledge to make up for missed payments with funds appropriated through the budgeting process. While these pledges are not legally binding, states take them seriously. If a state fails to honor its pledge, it risks a downgrade of its credit rating, which could trigger increased borrowing costs across the board. Similar to other credit enhancement programs, the moral obligation bond provides charter schools with higher credit ratings and lower interest rates. States use these bonds for a variety of purposes across multiple sectors; however, only a handful of states (Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, and Utah) currently use them to support charter schools.
Loan Funds and Grant Programs
States can also establish loan funds or grant programs that specifically support charter school facilities. Colorado's Building Excellent Schools Today (BEST) program provides competitive, need-based grants to public schools (district and charter) to use toward major capital projects. BEST funds can be used for the construction of new schools, as well as general construction and renovation of existing school facility systems and structures. Since 2008, BEST has awarded approximately $2.5 billion in grants to more than 525 Colorado schools, including many charter schools. Other states, such as Utah and South Carolina, have loan programs that provide funding for school facilities projects. Similar to private sector loans, as schools repay the loans, lenders (in this case the state) can recycle the funding to provide additional loans to more schools.
Rather than offering various financing mechanisms, states can also fund charter schools' facilities based on their enrollment. Florida provides per-pupil charter facilities funding on a formula basis for eligible charter schools, which include those that have been in operation at least two years, are part of an expanded enrollment feeder pattern, or are accredited. Similarly, Indiana provides a facilities allotment for charter schools of $750 per pupil, which must be used primarily for facilities and transportation purposes, provided the schools meet performance expectations. California, meanwhile, created the Charter School Facility Grant Program, which provides up to $1,117 per pupil in lease reimbursement for charter schools where 55% of students — either at a particular charter school or within its local elementary school attendance area — qualify for free and reduced-price meals.
In assessing how best to support charter schools' access to facilities, state policymakers have numerous trade-offs to consider. For instance, providing access to existing facilities is perhaps the best way to protect taxpayer dollars, since it limits the instances in which charter schools are paying to refurbish and rent a facility when a suitable facility sits empty. But these programs typically only work with the partnership of district leaders, who are often disinclined to help charter schools open and operate. Meanwhile, grant programs and per-pupil allocations are often the most flexible sources of funding for schools, but are also mostly likely to be funded through line items in state budgets — making them politically vulnerable during periods of austerity like that which will unfold in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The characteristics of a state's sector also have implications for which policies have the greatest impact. In cities with a growing student population and few underutilized district facilities, policies that require districts to share excess space with charter schools may be moot. In sectors with fewer schools operated by seasoned charter management organizations, moral obligation bonds may feel too risky. Where charters receive particularly low per-pupil funding for general school operations, meanwhile, a per-pupil facilities allocation provides helpful flexibility that school leaders can use to creatively meet the needs of their school and students.
No single policy "best" supports charter schools' facilities access; the best approach is a quilted one, with numerous policies in place that can support charter schools in accessing facilities, in the way that makes sense for them and their needs.
Stay tuned for the final post in our "Infrastructure Insights: Financing Charter School Facilities" series, examining one promising solution to help charter schools secure facilities.
This entry was posted in Charter Facilities, Charter Schools, School Funding, Uncategorized and tagged #FinancingCharterFacilities, Charter Facilities, charter schools, Infrastructure Insights, School funding on August 5, 2021 by Juliet Squire.
← What are the Four Characteristics of a Healthy Charter School Facilities Ecosystem? "Infrastructure Insights: Financing Charter School Facilities" Series Loan Funds Help Charter Schools Finance Facilities. Here's What You Need To Know. "Infrastructure Insights: Financing Charter School Facilities" Series →


text:
Q: Java8 : Can't get value of an Optional.of(String) return type In the context of using the OWLAPI 4.0 API, this following line of code:
ontologyIRI = IRI.create(o.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().toString());
returns the following string :
"Optional.of(http://www.indytion.com/music/composition)".
What I need is the sole string "http://www.indytion.com/music/composition".
I tried to declare ontologyIRI as Optional and use .get() method, .orElse(), etc. to no avail. I still have the returned string that includes the 'optional.of()' part.
My question is : How could I get the internal string?
Thank you very much for your help.
Edit : The full code the method
    private void LoadOntology(String ontologyPath)
    {
        OWLOntologyManager man = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager();
        OWLOntology o;

        File ontologyFile = new File(ontologyPath);
        Optional<IRI> ontologyIRI;
        try {

            o = man.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(ontologyFile);
            ontologyIRI = Optional.of(IRI.create(String.valueOf(o.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI()).toString()));
            System.out.println("Ontology IRI is: " + ontologyIRI.get());
        } catch (OWLOntologyCreationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

The System.out.println() returns exactly this string:
"Ontology IRI = Optional.of(http://www.indytion.com/music/composition)"

A: Use .get() instead of toString()
//Returns 'Optional[example]'
Optional.of("example").toString();

//Returns 'example'
Optional.of("example").get();

A: Short answer: Replace
Optional.of(IRI.create(String.valueOf(o.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI()).toString()));

with
o.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get();

Longer answer: you're doing an awful lot of back-and forth that's pointless at best and actively harmful in some cases:
In no particular order:

*

*others have already commented that IRI instances are immutable, so creating a new one from an existing one is kind of pointless (if harmless).

*calling Optional.of() if you don't intend to actually return an Optional is almost always a bad idea.

*String.valueOf() is used to get a string-representation of some value and is usually most useful for debugging, but should not be relied on to fully round-trip everything about an object (the same applies to toString().

So basically what you're left with is this:

*

*o.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI() gives you an Optional<IRI>

*you want an IRI.

*Optional::get returns the value contained in the optional, if one exists, so you simply need to call get()
If, however the Optional is empty (i.e. there is no underlying value) then get() will throw a NoSuchElementException. This might or might not be what you want. To work around this either call isPresent() before calling get() to check if a value exists or use any of the multitude of other accessor methods, some of which have "built-in checks" in a way.

A: Finally, it seems that the problem was not the code itself. This is how the problem has been solved. But I don't understand why it has been solved :

*

*I copy/paste (in the same file) the "shouldAddObjectPropertyAssertions()" example from OWLAPI4 examples -> This example code runs OK (but does not use the getOntologyID() method as I do).

*Change SDKs to another minor version '1.8.0_61'

*Change again with initial and desired SDK '1.8.0_131'

*Invalidate caches and restart the IDE

Problem solved. The exactly same code :
ontologyIRI = o.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get();
System.out.println("Ontology IRI is: " + ontologyIRI);

Now returns the expected string value : "http://www.indytion.com/music/composition" and not "Optional.of(http://www.indytion.com/music/composition)" anymore.
If someone can explain why it has been fixed, I would be very glad.
Thank you again for your help.


Damo and Vikki's Round the World Trip!: First Blog Post! Well Hellooo!
We left on 1st April 2014 (April fool's day, yep!) from Manchester airport and flew to New York. Our plan was to be away for around a year, and we had flights booked to get us all the way to Australia in July, but nothing more after that. Which kind of terrified me!
It was definitely a scary feeling knowing we would be away for a year, but it also felt pretty amazing!
Originally the plan was just to visit Australia - where my brother lives with his 3 children, as well as my 21 year-old niece. Until we realised that for the price we would pay for plane tickets to Australia, we may as well get a round-the-world ticket!!
So now here we are at the start of 2015 and we have done some amazing stuff and had some incredible experiences which I'm going to write about in this blog! And if nobody reads it, well at least we'll have it to look back on!!! Enjoy!!!


text:
Q: Export AD members from specific AD groups I want to retrieve the SamAccountName from a number of ~600 AD groups that end with a certain string.
For example:
AD Groups:
AAA-BBB-XXX
CCC-DDD-XXX
EEE-FFF-XXX

Now I want to get the SamAccountName of all AD groups that end with XXX but also, with a relation between SamAccountName and AD-group so that I know to which AD-group they belong. So:
SamAccountName | AD GROUP
------------------------------
Bernie.Sanders | AAA-BBB-XXX
Donald.Trump  | AAA-BBB-XXX
Barack.Obama  | AAA-BBB-XXX
Joe.Biden     | CCC-DDD-XXX

I have managed exporting all XXX AD-groups to .csv with -like and -filter operator.
I have managed exporting all SamAccountName using Get-ADGroupMember and -identity operator.
But, I'm not able (yet) to create the above list as I'm a PS newbie. I'm looking for some 'where' statement and require some guidance.
Thanks

A: For this you can use a calculated property with Select-Object to combine the "AD Group Members" with the "AD Group Name". For filtering the groups that matches your condition, in this case, ending with XXX you can use the -LDAPFilter or -Filter from Get-ADGroup cmdlet.
$filter = "(samAccountName=*XXX)" # => Ends with XXX

$result = foreach($group in Get-ADGroup -LDAPFilter $filter)
{
   # Here all groups ending with XXX are being enumerated

   Get-ADGroupMember $group | Select-Object @{
      Name = 'ADGroup'
      Expression = { $group.samAccountName }
   }, samAccountName, ObjectClass
}

$result | Export-Csv ....

Note that, AD Groups can have members that are not only users, if you wanted to the group members where their class is "User" you could add Where-Object or .Where() method:
Get-ADGroupMember $group |
    Where-Object { $_.ObjectClass -eq 'user' } |
    Select-Object ....

(Get-ADGroupMember $group).Where({
    $_.ObjectClass -eq 'user'
}) | Select-Object ....


The nutmeg tree is a native of the Banda Islands, a cluster of small volcanic islands historically known as the Spice Islands and now part of the province of Molucca in Indonesia. Nutmeg isn't really a nut, but the kernel of an apricot-like fruit. The closely related is an arillus, a thin leathery tissue between the stone and the pulp.
The "nut", ground to a fine powder. Buy powdered nutmeg from a reputable source that guarantees that the powder is not made from previously BWP (broken-wormy-punky) nuts. It's also better not to use an irradiated product. Irradiating nutmeg breaks down the fatty acids that contain the essential oils that give nutmeg its aroma and flavor. Avoid irradiated nutmeg for best quality.
Most popularly added to food in either ground, chopped or powdered form. May also be taken as a tea or extract.


It is situated in the highest part of the town of Melide, in the área know as O Castelo.
The temple represents a characteristic example of baroque architecture of Compostela style, from the middle 18th a triangular split pediment, in the centre you can see the stone image of the Virgin Carmen with the child in arms, and at her feet the image of San Simón kneeling. Inside the baroque altarpiece stands out.


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The regular opening times of Halifax Church Street in Blackpool are Monday to Friday 9AM-4:30PM, on Saturday 9AM-3:30PM, the store is usually closed on Sunday. View the actual opening times of Halifax Church Street in Blackpool in our branch locator.
For more information about opening times on Sunday or late night shopping make sure to view the information in the designated blocks. If this Halifax isn't nearby your location you can use the 'Map & Directions' tab to find the fastest route to Church Street in Blackpool. This location's coordinates are specifically 53.8176 latitude, -3.05154 longitude. To contact this Bank by phone you can dial 01253612614 during business hours.


text:
EARTH SCIENCE TECH, INC. CELEBRATES A YEAR OF MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS AND LOOKS FORWARD TO A BANNER 2018
December 28, 2017 08:00 ET | Source: Earth Science Tech, Inc.
Doral, FL, Dec. 28, 2017 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Earth Science Tech, Inc. (OTC PINK: ETST) ("ETST" or, the "Company"), an innovative biotech company that operates in the fields of hemp cannabinoid (CBD), nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and medical device R&D shares the Company's achievements throughout the year ended 2017 and what's to come in 2018.
"This past year has been amazing," stated Michel Aubé PhD, Chief Science Officer. "I am elated about the start of the New Year given all that we accomplished in 2017. We implemented a development plan for the coming three years and opened new manufacturing and shipping facilities which position us perfectly to realize our long-term vision. We have built the foundation and infrastructure the Company needs to succeed long-term. Fiscally, we began the process of up-listing from the Pink Sheet to OTCQB and we will complete this process early in 2018. This up-listing will position us to bring aboard institutional investors and I feel that we are now on the way to becoming the next billion-dollar (in-capitalization) company on the OTC Markets."
ETST completed populating its Scientific Advisory Board with a team of recognized scientists. The Company also identified and secured an ideal research center to complete the development of three of its targeted nutraceuticals in its new-product pipeline. A year in review provides the following:
In January, Earth Science Tech signed a Marketing & Media Agreement with Pearls of Health and appointed Gabriel Aviles as Chief Sales Officer (CSO).
Since the addition of Gabriel Aviles as CSO, the growth of the market has been appreciable. New partnerships with multiple distributors of dietary supplement stores all across USA have drastically increased the Company's sales and exposure. Gabriel Aviles continued, "My team of representatives already has the best-quality, full spectrum industrial hemp oil and derived products on the market and our product offerings will become still better with the launch of the incredible products we are developing. In 2017 we nearly doubled our sales over 2016 and sales will continue to skyrocket in the coming years both in the USA, and in the new markets we plan open in neighboring and overseas countries."
January also saw the launch of a chocolate product manufactured through a joint venture with Karmavore SuperFood, which was a great success, complimenting the Company's CBD line. As well as signing Sergio Castillo as the Company's Chief Marketing Officer, enhancing ETST's image and achieving successful brand exposure, the market for products derived from hemp oil is growing and ETST will continue to surprise consumers with new innovative recipes in 2018.
In February the Company launched Cannabis Therapeutic Inc., a new division whose purpose is to develop proprietary cannabinoid-based nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical products using Earth Science Tech's existing Cannabis CBD Patent, IP, and future technologies to be developed. The Company engaged two new Cannabinoid-based pharmaceutical drugs and three new advanced Cannabinoid-based nutraceutical products in collaboration with Smart Medicine, Inc. an independent laboratory based in Le Centre Québecois d'Innovation en Biotechnologie (CQIB) in Laval, Québec
ETST also acquired Canna Inno Laboratories Inc., a company headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. This acquisition is allowing the Company access to government grants offered to companies for innovation in the pharmaceutical industry. Applications for grants have already been filed and the Company anticipates announcing a responses to the first request in Q1 2018. The existence of this Canadian division will help extend the collaboration between ETST resources in Canada and USA, and allow the company to have up to 50% of all R&D expenditures covered by grants from governmental or private sources.
In Marsh ETST commenced leasing the required manufacturing facility for the production of the MSN-2 medical device and began the first round of negotiations with foreign health authorities for the MSN-2's commercialization. This product will be launched in select countries in 2018, which will be the beginning of the success story for this unique tool that will allow women to take their health needs in their own hands. It will allow women to protect themselves and their future babies from Chlamydia and other sexually transmitted infections (STI). ETST is proud to participate in the fight to counter the spread of STI and their devastating effects on the sexual organs of women.
In April ETST joined the fight against the most common cancer that afflicts women, breast cancer. For a couple of years, ETST has known that Cannabidiol (CBD) - the most abundant cannabinoid in hemp oil - has proven anti-breast cancer properties. ETST launched the development of proprietary prophylactic therapies to prevent breast cancer, and a treatment to help women with aggressive breast cancer.
At the end of May, ETST launched several new products, including Strawberry Orange Blossom CBD oil, its CBD Organic Chocolate line, and Pet CBD oil; ETST's management team found an opportunity to step into the recreational vape/smoke market by partnering with Varsity Group, LLC(a Kanna ingredient based e-liquid company).
ETST launched its new wholly-owned subsidiary, KannaBidioid Inc., entering into a joint venture with Varsity Group, LLC. The new subsidiary is manufacturing and distributing vape products/e-liquids and gummy edibles to fulfill the demand and product needs in many vape/smoke shops.
In June ETST signed an agreement with Absolu Communications, one of Canada's most prestigious integrated web and communications companies, for the branding and rollout of ETST's much-anticipated MSN-2 medical device. At year end, the branding - including the brand name, visual identity (logo, packaging, artwork), and marketing language around the new product are close to being announced. In 2018, Absolu will develop a secure transactional website for online sales, and then deliver a communications and marketing plan for the rollout of the new device.
In August ETST signed an agreement with the Centre de Développement Bioalimentaire du Québec (CDBQ), a major force in the agro-food industry in Canada. Based in La Pocatière, Quebec, CDBQ specializes in helping companies develop the processes needed to take a prototype agro-food or nutraceutical product to industrial-scale production for the marketplace. CDBQ boasts a bio-food incubator, a 30,000 square foot $10 million facility that houses seven separate factories equipped with cutting-edge equipment and technology.
ETST signed a new partnership with Brazilian company, Bionatus. Inc., to participate in the manufacturing, distribution, and development of cannabis (CBD) products. With Bionatus, ETST is working to develop a treatment against asthma that will be unique and sold across the country in the near future. This market is very huge and the product will represent a new income stream.
In September a strategic agreement was signed with Axcelon Biopolymers Corp. for the distribution of their Nanoderm™ medical device was signed. The agreement adds potential success to ETST's foreign market development as – along with the MSN-2 medical device - ETST now has two medical devices to catch the eyes of foreign medical device distributors.
In October ETST announced it is cooperating with the Clinique SIDA Amité (AIDS Friendship Clinic) for a mini-clinical trial, the last trial needed before the MSN-2 device enters molecular diagnostic trials.
In November ETST initiated audit process to up-list to the OTCQB market and began a pre-launch human trials on a new CBD formula to fight against the U.S. opioid epidemic. The new formula is based on industrial hemp CBD oil mixed with a known natural ingredient proven to help increase dopamine levels. The formula is expected to decrease cravings and the alleviate negative effects of withdrawals in addicts.
The Company announced a new partnership agreement that will provide entry into the Vietnamese market. Our plan is to have Vietnam join Djibouti and Morocco as the early launch markets for ETST medical devices while the Company waits for regulatory permission to launch in North America.
In December the marketing efforts done in 2017 succeeded in significantly increasing the volume of sales in the USA and had great exposure with ETST's first expo. ETST plans to revamp its cannabinoid products in the beginning of 2018 to promote its full spectrum hemp oil products, which are now ready to fully launch on market. The Company has taken the steps necessary to fully satisfy the demands of our consumers with our new major distributor.
At year end, The Company plans to have everything in place to initiate a Tier II round of financing under Regulation A+ in 2018. The goal will be to raise $4 million to complete all the actual planned projects.
ETST's president, Director, & COO concluded the year with the following statement, "We have had a very successful year building ETST's brand, increasing our exposure, building a solid team of dedicated professionals, and positioning ourselves for an explosive sales growth and a successful 2018. We plan on bringing three new officers to our team to increase efficiency and continue our growth. Our audit is still in process and looks to be finalized very soon, our new product revamp is planned to launch mid-January, and our OTCQB up-listing will take place along with the initiation of the Regulation A+ Tier 2 filing with the SEC. We greatly appreciate all who have believed in our vision and I look forward on what 2018 will bring for us all."
About Earth Science Tech, Inc. (ETST): Earth Science Tech has among the highest quality, purity, and full spectrum High Grade Hemp CBD (Cannabidiol) Oil on the market. Made using the superior supercritical CO2 liquid extraction, our CBD Oil is 100% natural and organic. Our research, performed alongside the University of Central Oklahoma and DV Biologics laboratory, prove we are the top nutritional and dietary supplement brand for High Grade Hemp CBD Oil.
To learn more and to buy CBD Hemp Oil please visit: www.earthsciencetech.com
About Earth Science Pharmaceutical: Earth Science Pharmaceutical, Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Earth Science Tech, Inc (ETST). Earth Science Pharmaceutical is focused on becoming a world leader in the development of low cost, non-invasive diagnostic tools, medical devices, testing processes and vaccines for STIs (Sexually Transmitted Infections and/or Diseases). Earth Science Pharmaceutical CEO, Dr. Michel Aubé, a renowned scientist, is committed to help grow ETST in the medical and pharmaceutical industry.
To learn more please visit: www.Earthsciencepharmaceutical.com
About Cannabis Therapeutics: Cannabis Therapeutics, Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Earth Science Tech, Inc. (ETST). Cannabis Therapeutics, Inc. was formed as an emerging biotechnology company poised to become a world leader in cannabinoid research and development for a broad line of cannabis cannabinoid-based pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals as well as other products & solutions. Cannabis Therapeutics mission it to help change the healthcare landscape by introducing their proprietary cannabis-cannabinoid based products made for both the pharmaceutical and retail consumer markets worldwide.
To learn more please visit: www.Cannabisthera.com
About KannaBidioiD: KannaBidioid, Inc. is wholly owned subsidiary of Earth Science Tech, Inc. (ETST). KannaBidioid, Inc. is focused in the recreational space to manufacture and distribute vapes/e-liquids and gummy edibles in the recreational space formulated by its unique Kanna and CBD formula. Kanna and CBD synergistically enhance one another, providing optimal relaxation, an uplifting sensation, enhance focus, and help with nicotine addiction based on their properties.
To learn more please visit: www.kannabidioidinc.com
SAFE HARBOR ACT: Forward-Looking Statements are included within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements regarding our expected future financial position, results of operations, cash flows, financing plans, business strategy, products and services, competitive positions, growth opportunities, plans and objectives of management for future operations, including words such as "anticipate," "if," "believe," "plan," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "could," "should," "will," and other similar expressions are forward-looking statements and involve risks, uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control, which may cause actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from anticipated results, performance, or achievements. We are under no obligation to (and expressly disclaim any such obligation to) update or alter our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Investor Relations Dave Demarest (305)-546-7640
Earth Science Tech, Inc. Nickolas S. Tabraue, P/D/COO (305)-615-2118
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Frank Stevenson Received the DBA Morris Harrell Professionalism Award
Dallas News, Spotlight News, Talk of the Town Texas
DALLAS, TX—Frank Stevenson, a Partner in Locke Lord's Dallas office and Past President of both the State Bar of Texas and Dallas Bar Association (DBA), was honored with the 2019 Morris Harrell Professionalism Award, presented by the DBA and the Texas Center for Legal Ethics and Professionalism, during the DBA Awards Luncheon on Nov. 15.
The Morris Harrell Professionalism Award, titled in memory of a widely revered former President of both the State Bar and the American Bar Association who also was a named Partner of Locke Lord's legacy firm in Dallas, honors annually "the attorney who best exemplifies, by their conduct and character, truly professional traits who others seek to emulate and all in the bar admire."


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Q: On derivative of complex number My doubt is what is a derivative. I know that derivative is slope of tangent of function we have chosen. But now I am new to complex analysis and just learnt about differentials and my query is that "is complex derivatives taken for paths of complex numbers or simply complex numbers" my teachers say that it's for complex numbers but I don't find where is tangent.  I am new to complex analysis and don't know about contour integration and others so I request the readers to answer in a simpler.way. thank you

A: You have to abstract from the real case.
When we say that $f(x)=3x^2$ has derivative $f'(2)=12$ at $x=2$, this means that near $x=2$, our $f$ is nicely approximated by the linear function $g(x)=f(2)+12\cdot(x-2)$. And with "nicely approximated", we mean that $|g(x)-f(x)|$ is small compared to $|x-2|$ for $x\approx  2$. This way, we got rid of all geometric concepts and can transfer to the complex case:
We say $f'(z_0)=c$ if $f'(z)= f(z_0)+c\cdot (z-z_0)+o(z-z_0)$ where $o$ is a function that is (in a well formalizable sense) small near $0$.

A: The derivative $g^\prime(x)$ of a real function $g(x)$ is $$ g^\prime(x) = \lim_{h\rightarrow 0} \frac{g(x+h)-g(x)}{h}.$$
The derivative $f^\prime(z)$ of a function of a complex variable $f(z)$ is $$ f^\prime(z) = \lim_{h\rightarrow 0} \frac{f(z+h)-g(z)}{h}.$$
These may look similar (actually, the definitions are exactly the same, other than the "names" of the variables and functions).  The difference, though, is that in the complex case, whatever direction $h$ approaches zero, the limit must be the same for the derivative to exist.  This has far reaching implications!  Since it's much more difficult for a function to have a derivative, when a function is differentiable, there are consequences.
For a complex function $f$ that has a derivative:

*The partial derivatives of the real and imaginary parts of $f$ satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations.

*If $f^\prime(z)$ exists, so does $f^{\prime\prime}(z)$.  This implies that $f$ is infinitely differentiable (not true for real functions).

*If $f^\prime(z)$ exists in a region, $f$ is analytic, and has a power series representation.

*You will see that if $f^\prime(z)$ exists in a region, then for a simple closed curve $C$ in the region, $\oint_C f(z) \, dz = 0$.


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Q: Login without a password is forbidden by configuration (see AllowNoPassword) (on cpanel) Login error while accessing phpmyadmin on cpanel. how to solve this error on cpanel for wordpress website.
i have tried to create new user for database but still facing error.