As underground as it gets!
LPs, CDs, DVDs, Books, and Live Music Too!
Sunday April 28th: 6pm: OMAR and EMILIO TAMEZ - Tribute to Paul Motian - Guitar and Drums Duo // 7pm: BLAISE SIWULA / LUCIANO TROJA / GIANCARLO MAZZU - Saxes / Guitar / Keyboards!
Sunday, May 5th: 6pm: STUART POPEJOY / CHRIS PITSIOKOS - Electric Bass & Alto Sax! // 7pm: ZACH SWANSON / AYAKO KANDA / DALIUS NAUJO / ROCCO JOHN IACOVONE! // 8pm: JESSE DULMAN TRIO: DAVE SEWELSON / LEONID GALAGANOV!
Big Box Set Sale Three Big Bundles Sale: John Zorn's 'Book of Angels' / Braxton House / Gazell!
THE BIG BOX SET SALE! There are some thirty plus box sets listed below.
If you spend $100 or more on any of the below titles, you will get a 10% discount.
DOWNTOWN MUSIC GALLERY Turns 26 and Celebrates Longevity!
For this conversation, Bruce and I go back to his hometown roots in New Jersey to the early days at Studio Henry, all the way up to the present.


text:
Sebastian Schneider (* 9. Dezember 1985 in Hagen) ist ein deutscher ehemaliger Handballspieler.

Der ehemalige Junioren-Nationalspieler spielte ab 1. Februar 2008 in der Handball-Bundesliga bei der SG Flensburg-Handewitt sowohl im linken Rückraum, als auch auf Rückraum Mitte. In der Saison 2008/09 wurde Schneider mit einem Doppelspielrecht für den TuS Nettelstedt-Lübbecke ausgestattet, um den schwer verletzten Nettelstedter Rückraumspieler Michał Jurecki zu ersetzen. Ab dem Sommer 2009 spielte er bei den Füchsen Berlin. Nach nur einer Saison verließ Schneider Berlin und schloss sich dem TBV Lemgo an. Im Sommer 2012 kehrte er wieder nach Hamm zurück. Im November 2014 verließ er Hamm und schloss sich dem VfL Eintracht Hagen an. In der Saison 2018/19 wechselte Schneider aus beruflichen Gründen in die 2. Mannschaft, stand jedoch weiterhin als Stand-by-Spieler der 1. Mannschaft zur Verfügung. Weiterhin wurde er Co-Trainer der 2. Mannschaft und übernahm das Traineramt der B-Jugend des Vereins. Seit 2022 ist er Leiter der Amateurabteilung.

Schneider ist Vater eines Kindes und verheiratet.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Handballtrainer (Deutschland)
Handballspieler (VfL Eintracht Hagen)
Handballspieler (Füchse Berlin)
Rückraumspieler
Handballspieler (TBV Lemgo)
Handballspieler (SG Flensburg-Handewitt)
Deutscher
Geboren 1985
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


St. Albans is a former mental health facility that hosts paranormal tours throughout the year. Join us for several events at St. Albans including history tours, ghost hunts, and paranormal investigations.
Find a listing and specific event details under events on the St. Albans Sanatorium Facebook page.


Retinoblastoma is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Pediatric Consult.
Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor of the retina and is the most common intraocular tumor in children. It is caused by an RB1 gene mutation at 13q14, which can be germline or somatic.
In the United States, retinoblastoma occurs approximately once in every 18,000 live births.
Approximately 300 new pediatric cases of retinoblastoma are diagnosed each year in the United States, which represents 3% of all childhood cancers.
25% of patients will present with bilateral disease at diagnosis, which signifies germline retinoblastoma. 40% of all retinoblastoma cases are germline, which most often presents with not only bilateral disease but also unilateral disease in 15%.
Median age at diagnosis is 24 months in patients with unilateral disease and 12 months in patients with bilateral tumors.
There is no association with race, gender, or laterality of eye involvement.
The greatest disease burden is found in countries with the largest populations and high birth rates, such as Asia and Africa.
RB1 gene mutations are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
Family history of retinoblastoma in parents or siblings warrants early screening and genetic studies to determine the risk of disease.
Although there is no definite way to prevent retinoblastoma, careful eye exams during well-child examinations will allow earlier detection of the disease.
Tumor development requires loss of function of the RB1 gene, which is a cell cycle regulator and resides in chromosome 13.
Constitutional loss of one RB1 allele predisposes a patient to cancer. Loss of the second allele with other genetic or epigenetic changes in the retinal lesion will initiate formation of retinoblastoma.
Somatic retinoblastoma has no germline RB1 mutation and thus requires biallelic inactivation of the RB1 gene in a single retinal cell.
Other genetic changes have been described in tumor cells such as MYCN oncogene amplification.
Tumor cells seeding from the primary mass to grow independently in the vitreous or subretinal space.
Children with loss of RB1 with large chromosomal deletions of surrounding genes are at risk for developmental anomalies such as facial dysmorphism and mental and/or motor impairment (13q deletion syndrome).
Patients with bilateral retinoblastoma are at risk for involvement of the pineal gland, termed "trilateral" retinoblastoma.
Mutations in the RB1 gene predispose to retinoblastoma, pinealoblastoma, osteosarcoma, and other cancers.
Cabana, Michael D., editor. "Retinoblastoma." 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 8th ed., Wolters Kluwer, 2019. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617649/all/Retinoblastoma.
Retinoblastoma. In: Cabana MD, ed. 5-Minute Pediatric Consult. 8th ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617649/all/Retinoblastoma. Accessed April 22, 2019.
Retinoblastoma [Internet]. In: Cabana MD, editors. 5-Minute Pediatric Consult. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. [cited 2019 April 22]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/617649/all/Retinoblastoma.


"There are two things no man will admit he cannot do well: drive and make love"
Did i read that your after some mini arches !!
always want stickers and/or decals!
Rusty bonnet.. hmm, its a bit overdone but its down to personal taste. Rusted wing perhaps?
whats with the luftwaffe logo?


Science or the Bible? Which should we believe? Or is it possible that the Bible gives us all the parameters for good science? Listen to this series of lessons to learn the inspired version of issues related to the important subject of origins. On every hand we are bombarded with the evolutionary worldview that denies the existence of the Creator of all things. In this technological age that we live in, it is very important that we understand what Scripture says. If you want to be able to give a ringing defense of the truth, this is the seminar for you.
If you enjoyed this series you can listen to more creation talks. I would recommend at least the talks on the Biblical Foundation for Science (under "Creation Science Fellowship of NM talks" or "2014 Chafer Conference") and the Tower of Babel (under "Creation Science Fellowship of NM talks" or "2016 Chafer Conference").
The Science and Scripture Seminar was presented for a home Bible study with members from Sagebrush Church, Eastern Hills Baptist Church, and other churches during September through November 2017. The audio quality of the first session is not as good as desired but all the rest are far better.
To listen to the Science and Scripture Seminar series as a podcast, copy and paste the following URL into your podcast software.


text:
From Boats to Art
Boatbuilder Dan West traded in fiberglass for driftwood
Artist Dan West works mostly in wood, but recently one of his herons was cast in bronze at the Somerset Sculpture and Foundry in West Bath. Here he checks on the work in progress. Photo courtesy Dan West When Dan West moved to Maine, in 2000, he had decided to stop building boats, his livelihood up until then. His wife, Kyra, helped him make the call. At the time, he had been making fiberglass kayaks on Martha's Vineyard. He remembers Kyra putting her foot down: "Okay, buster, when you get to Maine, no more styrene, no more acetone—you're using something else." So he took his talent for making things into a new arena and became a full-time sculptor.
He had begun experimenting with art earlier, making weathervanes—mainly codfish and roosters—and selling them in a local shop on the Vineyard in the late 1980s.
His artistic sensibilities come from a lifetime of designing and building boats, including several classic skiffs, he said. And he has been around birds and fish all his life. So it wasn't such a leap to shift his full attention to sculpting, and to embrace a variety of wild creatures for his subjects.
West takes as much pride in his sculpture as he does in one of his famed Tashmoo skiffs. Only a few minutes into an interview at his home in Friendship, he sought his guest's understanding. "I get very excited about things," he said, "so please bear with me." He and Kyra live in a 1900s-style cottage that overlooks a stretch of the Meduncook River, which separates Friendship from Cushing. They built everything in the house, including the doors and windows, which is not suprising considering the nature of West's sculptures and talents.
The large main room features examples of his work in just about every corner and on every shelf, mixed in with an array of paintings and objects by artists the couple admires—including William Irvine, Edwin Gamble, and John Neville.
Most of West's sculptures are created from found materials. His "pallet bears" are made from the arced openings of wooden pallets where the forklift forks pick them up (he noted with disdain how the openings on newer pallets "are square"). With a minimum of shaping and a little bit of paint, he transforms these weathered parts into polar bears—sleek, dynamic, charming.
West's aesthetic draws in part on Inuit art, which has always fascinated him and which he and Kyra have collected over the years. He is also a longtime admirer of Edwin Gamble (1923-2006), whose sketches and sculptures of birds were heralded for capturing the essence of their subjects, often to the point of abstraction.
West has a particular affinity for birds. Here is Murre, (2015, 21½" x 14" x 3") made from a piece of driftwood root. Photo by Krisanne Baker, courtesy Caldbeck Gallery Like Gamble, West is known for his birds, specifically cormorants and great blue herons. Drawn to their curves, he has made many sculptures of them over the years. The transformations are often ingenious: an old oar found in Nova Scotia becomes a diving cormorant, for example.
Recently, one of his herons was cast in bronze at the Somerset Sculpture and Foundry in West Bath. The artist can't say enough about the foundry's owner, Digby Veevers-Carter, whom he calls a master. In addition to the heron, the foundry has cast a life-sized hovering hummingbird, a swimming cormorant, and a perched kingfisher. These bronze works allow West to produce small editions of one-of-a-kind pieces (he is often asked to copy a sculpture). He likes to underscore their timelessness: "I tell people these pieces are going to be sitting on your table after the pyramids have tumbled."
Yellow Leg Feeding (2015 13" x 9" x 4½") is made from spruce and driftwood. Photo by Krisanne Baker, courtesy Caldbeck Gallery Fish are also a favorite subject. West will take a piece of slash wood—the leftover remnants from a sawmill—shape it a bit, add pieces of zinc for fins, and voilà, he has a handsome wall sculpture. He leaves most of the surfaces of his sculptures natural, but when he adds paint, it is always urethane, never acrylic, because his pieces sometimes end up outdoors, and acrylic does not weather well.
West chooses some of his materials for their specific characteristics. For example, he loves viburnum because the branches separate opposite each other at the same angle. He has created a variety of creatures using the branches from this shrub, including a shark and a stunning crab with symmetric legs. A major source of material is Advocate Beach in Nova Scotia, which the sculptor describes as being three miles long and, as he stretches out his arms as far as they'll go, "this deep in driftwood." He and his wife spent 12 summers in Lunenberg (their house in Friendship is modeled after their Nova Scotia digs).
Pieces of beach driftwood form a rack for rows of copper fish in Drying Fish (37" x 60" x 3"). Much of the metal in West's art is recycled from the Treasures and Trash Barn in Searsport. Photo by Krisanne Baker, courtesy Caldbeck Gallery West makes what he feels the material calls for: a stingray, a Holstein cow, an ocean sunfish, an octopus, a porcupine. "It actually makes my job as an artist easier because the foundation for what I end up making is already there," he explained.
The metal in his pieces is recycled, too. Much of his supply comes from the Treasures and Trash Barn opposite Hamilton Marine in Searsport. "The owner saves all kinds of sheet scrap metal for me," West said.
In 2008, West was interviewed at his barn workshop by two local six-graders as part of an oral history project. The list of other interviewees attests to the bounty of area artists, including painters Sam Cady, Ralf Feyl, Katharina Keoughan, and Cecily Aikman, and photographers Jeremy Barnard and Jed Devine.
West is known for his cormorants, such as Swimming Cormorant (2015, 6" x 20" x 4"). The sculpture, displayed on an old anvil, shows only the part of the bird an observer might see above the waterline. Photo by Krisanne Baker, courtesy Caldbeck Gallery To the question, "Do you begin with an idea in your head, or do you sculpt whatever you see that catches your eye?" West told his young interviewers, "I see things in other things." He also described for them a nine-foot-tall ostrich he had made out of "the most outrageous things you ever saw," including "David Neubig's old worn-out lobster trap rope that was all unraveled into a great big frizzy mass."
When he isn't sculpting, West collects and restores antique engines, which he considers works of art. His barn workshop is chock-a-block with all sorts of machinery: motorbikes, steam toys. "I buy, sell, trade; we go to shows," he noted. Elsewhere, neat piles of driftwood and other materials hold the promise of future sculptures while half models on the walls speak to his former life.
West at work in his studio figuring out what creature to fashion from a piece of viburnum wood. Photo by Krisanne Baker Nathaniel (Dan) Eldridge West, who was born August 28, 1942, on Martha's Vineyard, comes from a nautical family. He credits a "wonderful grandfather," Wilfrid O. White, with starting him on his way. "He turned all of his grandchildren loose in a huge barn full of woodworking tools with minimal instruction," West recalled. By the time Dan was eight, he knew how to use a chisel, a drawknife, a spoke shave, and other tools.
This same grandfather started a nautical instruments company in Boston that was sold to Danforth Anchors around 1955. Dan's middle name, Eldridge, ties him to the Eldridge Tide and Pilot Book, first published in 1875 and still printed yearly.
West sold his boatbuilding business, Machine and Marine, in 1988. He and his wife lived for a time on the Maine island of North Haven before settling in Friendship, which reminded West of the way the Vineyard was when he was a kid. Their 38-acre parcel offers easy access to the river and the open ocean is about a mile away. The couple keeps an 18-foot Tashmoo skiff on a mooring for exploring.
West also liked the town's connection to boats. He has always been an admirer of Friendship sloops—there has been one in his family for many years. "So it was kind of a fortunate coincidence, as far as I was concerned," he noted, "that I ended up in the town where Friendship sloops became famous."
In the early 1990s West started working with the Granary Gallery on Martha's Vineyard (he is still represented by them). He eventually was taken on by the Caldbeck Gallery in Rockland, one of the foremost art venues in Maine.
To fully appreciate his work one should see it installed, as it was in a remarkable exhibition this past summer at the Caldbeck. Here you could admire the shadow play of a series of small sea gulls affixed to a length of driftwood, delight in the arc of a rooster's tail against a white wall, or smile at the repurposing of a lobster crate into a "Crate Blue Heron." Simply stated, West's menagerie is marvelous.
Carl Little's latest book is Jeffery Becton: The Farthest House (Marshall Wilkes).
Dan West is represented by Caldbeck, June LaCombe, and Littlefield galleries in Maine and the Granary Gallery on Martha's Vineyard.
Sabre at 50
Architectural Sparkle: Lowe Hardware
Wesmac Super 46
Lady Erin: A Workboat with Yacht Style
A Home Project
Retro Ads - Gallery 2
Islesboro: A Quiet Island Interlude
A Letter from the Publisher - Issue 111

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
import React, { Component, PropTypes } from 'react';

import Box from 'grommet/components/Box';
import FormField from 'grommet/components/FormField';
import SpinningIcon from 'grommet/components/icons/Spinning';

import LayerForm from 'grommet-templates/components/LayerForm';

import { addComment } from '../Api';

export default class AddCommentLayer extends Component {
  constructor () {
    super();

    this._onSubmit = this._onSubmit.bind(this);
    this._onAuthorChange = this._onAuthorChange.bind(this);
    this._onCommentChange = this._onCommentChange.bind(this);

    this.state = {
      errors: {},
      comment: {}
    };
  }

  _onSubmit () {
    let errors = {};
    let noErrors = true;

    this.setState({
      errors: {}
    });

    const comment = this.state.comment;

    if (!comment.author || comment.author === '') {
      errors.author = 'required';
      noErrors = false;
    }

    if (!comment.comment || comment.comment === '') {
      errors.comment = 'required';
      noErrors = false;
    }

    if (noErrors) {
      this.setState({ adding: true });
      addComment(this.props.postId, comment).then(() => {
        this.props.onClose();
        this.props.onSuccess();
      });
    } else {
      this.setState({ errors: errors });
    }
  }

  _onAuthorChange (event) {
    var comment = { ...this.state.comment };
    comment.author = event.target.value;
    this.setState({ comment: comment });
  }

  _onCommentChange (event) {
    var comment = { ...this.state.comment };
    comment.comment = event.target.value;
    this.setState({ comment: comment });
  }

  render () {
    const { adding, comment, errors } = this.state;

    let addingNode;
    if (adding) {
      addingNode = (
        <Box direction="row" responsive={false}
          pad={{between: 'small'}}>
          <SpinningIcon />
          Adding...
        </Box>
      );
    }
    return (
      <LayerForm title="Add Comment" submitLabel="Submit"
        onClose={this.props.onClose} onSubmit={this._onSubmit}>
        {addingNode}
        <fieldset>
          <FormField htmlFor="author" label="Author" error={errors.author}>
            <input ref="author" id="author" name="Author" type="text"
              value={comment.author} onChange={this._onAuthorChange} />
          </FormField>
          <FormField htmlFor="comment" label="Comment" error={errors.comment}>
            <textarea ref="comment" id="comment"
              rows="5" name="comment" type="text"
              value={comment.comment} onChange={this._onCommentChange} />
          </FormField>
        </fieldset>
      </LayerForm>
    );
  }
};

AddCommentLayer.propTypes = {
  postId: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
  onClose: PropTypes.func.isRequired,
  onSuccess: PropTypes.func.isRequired
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


BARAUNI JUNCTION BJU to BAREILLY BE train timings, routes, stops, and complete info.
As of now, 18 trains run between from BARAUNI JUNCTION (BJU) to BAREILLY (BE).
The fastest train from BARAUNI JUNCTION (BJU) to BAREILLY (BE) is RAJDHANI EXPRESS (20505) that departs at 19:00 and arrives to at 09:32. It takes approximately 14:32 hours.


In an unprecedented halachic ruling, Shas' spiritual leader Rabbi Ovadia Yosef has allowed a woman pregnant by artificial insemination to marry a man who is not the father of the developing child.
M., a 44-year old religious woman, decided to get pregnant through a sperm bank because she feared she would not be able to conceive if she waited any longer.
However immediately after her insemination she met a 50-year old widower and the two quickly decided to wed, after the latter accepted responsibility for the child.
The couple immediately ran into trouble: According to the Jewish halacha, a pregnant woman is not allowed to marry any man who is not the father for 24 months after the birth.
The ruling preserves the unborn child's rights. Rabbis explain that if the woman becomes pregnant again within the two years that follow the birth, the mother may stop producing milk for the baby.
The couple appealed to the local rabbinate, but was forbidden to marry. They then turned to Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, who ruled that the mother may use milk substitutes to feed her child if she conceives again in the coming years.
Attorney Zuriel Bublil, who helped the couple with their appeal, was pleased with the result. "This is an unprecedented ruling that will help women coming to the end of their fertility," he said.
"Rabbi Yosef dealt with halachic reality with great courage, in a matter that many feared to allow or even discuss. The couple wanted to bring the child into the world after they were already married, and their time was almost up."
M. and her fiancé were married according to Jewish law on Sunday.
See all talkbacks "Rabbi Yosef allows pregnant woman to marry"


text:
#ifndef __included_laser_h
#define __included_laser_h

#include "Game/player.h"
#include "Game/weapon.h"

class Laser : public Weapon
{
protected:
    short m_stopMove;

    short m_lineStartX;
    short m_lineStartY;
    short m_lineStopX;
    short m_lineStopY;

public:
    Laser ( Player *_player, int _lX, int _lY, int _cX, int _cY );
    virtual ~Laser();

    virtual void Update();
    virtual void Render();
};

#endif


I realized this morning that I have been reading these comics for years. YEARS! Every weekday morning for at least four years.
I've never thought about it, but after four years of reading something nearly every day, it probably makes a pretty big impact on your thought patterns, aesthetic sense, or at least sense of humor.
This morning, my husband (!) sent me a link to John Allison (illustrator showcased above, mastermind behind scarygoround [yet another clever instance of wordplay on the internet])'s blog – more specifically, this hilarious satire of the current music scene climate. Usually Howard + I read QC together on the train in to work (train internet = the most satisfying internet), and then he tunes out while I read about tweens investigating monsters, so he had no idea about the connection. But something about this sense of humor was familiar and comforting to me; not only was it funny, it was … welcoming, somehow. Sure enough, once I became self-aware enough to scroll to the top of the page, I realized I had been enjoying it for years, and was a big enough idiot to only just be discovering that it was so much more than I imagined!


Marco Ricci (Belluno, 5 June 1676 - Venice, 1730) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. He was the nephew of Sebastiano Ricci. After receiving his first instruction in art from his uncle, he visited Rome, where he was for some years occupied in drawing vedute.
In 1710 he came to England with his uncle, and his vedute of ruins and architecture (capricci) found many patrons. Marco Ricci etched several plates from his own designs, consisting of views and landscapes, with ruins and figures, including a set of twenty-three prints, entitled Varia Marci Ricci Pictoris priestantissimi experimenta ab ipsomet auctore inventa, delineata atque incisa, et a me Carolo Orsolini Veneto incisore in unum collecta, c. Anno 1730, Venetiis.


text:
You are currently browsing the tag archive for the 'Sacramento Valley' tag.
2020-07-03 in California, children's stories, Childrens Book, fables, Fairy Tales, Fiction, Folk Tales and Folklore, Folklore, legends, Magical stories, maidu, Moral Tales, Princes and Princesses, YA Action and Adventure, Yound Adult Fiction | Tags: action, adventure, american indian, American Indian children, American Indian stories, American Indian tribe, Bat Man, California, campfire stories, central, children, coyote, Creation Myth, culture, earth maker, fables, fairy tales, Fisher Man, Folklore, Frightener, Frog Woman, girls, Great Man, lassen peak, lizard man, maidu, marry, Mosquito, mount lassen, Mountain Lion, Mountain-Tossing People, Mouse Man, Muskrat, Myths and legends, native american, native American children, native American stories, native American tribe, Night Hawk Man, North America, Part I, Part II, Roland B. Dixon, Rolling Skull, Sacramento Valley, Serpent Lover, Sierra Nevada, stars, Sun-Man, Theft Of Fire, thunder, thunder boy, USA, Wind Man, Yosemite | Leave a comment
When this world was filled with water, Earth-Maker floated upon it, kept floating about. Nowhere in the world could he see even a tiny bit of earth. No persons of any kind flew about. He went about in this world, the world itself being invisible, transparent like the sky.
He was troubled. "I wonder how, I wonder where, I wonder in what place, in what country, we shall find a world!" he said. "You are a very strong man, to be thinking of this world," said Coyote. "I am guessing in what direction the world is, then to that distant land let us float!" said Earth-Maker.
In this world they kept floating along, kept floating along, hungry, having nothing to eat. "You will die of hunger," said Coyote. Then he thought. "No, I cannot think of anything," he said. "Well," said Earth-Maker, "the world is large, a great world. If somewhere I find a tiny world, I can fix it up."
Then he sang, "Where, little world, art thou?" It is said he sang, kept singing, sang all the time. "Enough!" he said, and stopped singing. "Well! I don't know many songs (?)," he said. Then Coyote sang again, kept singing, asking, for the world, singing, "Where, O world, art thou."' He sang, kept singing; then "Enough!" he said, "I am tired. You try again."
So Earth-Maker sang. "Where are you, my great mountains, my world mountains?" he said. He sang, and all the time kept saying, "Where are you?" He stopped singing. "Enough!" he said. "You try also." Coyote tried, kept singing. "My foggy mountains, where one goes about," he said. "Well, We shall see nothing at all. I guess there never was a world anywhere," said he. "I think if we find a little world, I can fix it very well," said Earth-Maker.
As they floated along, they saw something like a bird's nest. "Well! That is very small," said Earth-Maker. "It is small. If it were larger, I could fix it. But it is too small," he said. "I wonder how I can stretch it a little!" He kept saying, "What is the best way! How shall I make it larger!" So saying, he prepared it. He extended a rope to the east, to the south he extended a rope, to the west, to the northwest, and to the north he extended ropes.
When all were stretched, he said, "Well, sing, you who were the finder of this earth, this mud! 'In the long, long, ago, Robin-Man made the world, stuck earth together, making this world.' Thus mortal men shall say of you, in myth-telling." Then Robin sang, and his world-making song sounded sweet. After the ropes were all stretched, he kept singing; then, after a time, he ceased.
Then Earth-Maker spoke to Coyote also. "Do you sing too," he said. So he sang, singing, "My world, where one travels by the valley-edge; my world of many foggy mountains; my world where one goes zigzagging hither and thither; range after range," he said, "I sing of the country I shall travel in. In such a world I shall wander," he said.
Then Earth-Maker sang–sang of the world he had made, kept singing, until by and by he ceased. "Now," he said, "it would be well if the world were a little larger. Let us stretch it!"–"Stop!" said Coyote. I speak wisely. This world ought to be painted with something, so that it may look pretty. What do ye two think?"
Then Robin-Man said, "I am one who knows nothing. Ye two are clever men, making this world, talking it over; if ye find anything evil, ye will make it good."–"Very well," said Coyote, "I will paint it with blood. There shall be blood in the world; and people shall be born there, having blood. There shall be birds born who shall have blood. Everything–deer, all kinds of game, all sorts of men without any exception–all things shall have blood that are to be created in this world. And in another place, making it red, there shall be red rocks. It will be as if blood were mixed up with the world, and thus the world will be beautiful," he said. "What do you think about it?"–"Your words are good," he said, "I know nothing." So Robin-Man went off. As he went, he said, "I shall be a person who travels only in this way," and he flew away.
Earth-Maker spoke: "You had better lie down here on your face."–"All right!" said Coyote, and, kneeling down, he lay on his face. Then Earth-Maker stretched the world with his foot. Stretching it once, he extended it towards the east, extended it on that side; then to the south, then to the west, he stretched it; then to the northwest and to the north he stretched it. Having extended it only a little ways, he said, "All right!"
Coyote stood up and looked around. "Well, I think it would be better if this world were just large enough to go around it." By and by Earth-Maker said, "You had better kneel down again, and lie flat on your belly. Do not look up. You must not!"–"Very well," said Coyote, "I will not look up." He lay down; and Earth-Maker, stretching the earth with his foot eastward, stretched it as far as it would go. He extended it fully toward the south, toward the west, toward the northwest, toward the north. "All right!" said he.
Coyote stood up, and, having risen, started to walk hither eastward. Earth-Maker, when he was left alone, stood for a time, then, departing, he went toward the south. In the direction of the sunset he went far around, going over to the northwest, going around to the north, going all the way around to the east. And having gone around, having returned to the spot where he had first turned off, he prepared things.
He made two white men; then he made others, white, but a little different. As he made them, he counted them. He kept on making them–made one black, then another almost black. Two of each only he made. Then he counted all the countries, and, as he counted, assigned them, gave them to the countries. "You are a country having this name, you shall have this people," he said. "This sort of people, naming you, shall own the country. These people shall grow, shall keep on growing through many winters, through many dawns. They shall continue to grow until, their appointed winters being past, their dawns being over, this people having finished growing, shall be born," he said. "Very many winters will have passed before they shall be born. And they shall have children, girls and boys; and these children, growing up, shall have children in their turn," he said. When several winters have passed, there will be very many people."
Then again, to another sort of people, he gave another country, saying, "This people, I leave you in this country, and ye shall be the owners of this land. Ye shall be a people with a name." And they also were a different sort of people, a people with a name; and their country also was named, it is said. "Your country also shall have a name," he said. "Ye too shall have a name, and your children shall fill the land, and every single child shall have a name," he said. "There, growing steadily, many winters, many days, shall pass before ye are fully grown. Then ye shall possess this country," he said.
Thereafter he spoke to another, again he gave a different kind of country to a different kind of people. He said, "Ye shall be a different-speaking and a different-looking people. Ye also shall possess a country," he said.
"Your children, if they weary of this land, going from this country to one with another name, to a country that is good to live in, shall remain there. There every country shall be full of people, who will continue to be born," he said. And then he divided the world among many. To one he gave one sort, to another he gave another. Ye shall all have different names," he said. Finally he finished giving, he distributed all.
Then after a while, continuing on his way, he came hither, kept travelling; and after arriving in the middle of the world, he made other people. "Ye shall be mortal men like this," he said; and, having made two, he left them. "Ye here, growing steadily, when so many winters shall have passed, very many winters, many days, ye shall be fully grown," he said. "Then ye shall be mortal men, ye shall be born full-grown. This country shall have a name. Beyond these mountains there shall be another country, which also shall have a name. Ye shall not be born soon," he said. Then he named everything, and, having left the people here in the middle of the world, he went away.
Continuing on his way, he went to all countries that were of the proper sort; and when he had gone as far as mortal men were to live, he stopped. Then there again he created two–two more, it is said, he laid down, and again two more. He kept counting them; and when he had counted them all, he spoke. "Ye shall remain here," he said, "and your country shall have a name. Although living in a small country, in one that is not large, it shall be sufficient for you. This I leave; and growing continually, so many winters passing, very many winters passing, many days passing, ye shall be fully grown. And then ye, being fully grown, shall be born," he said. "Then your food will grow,–different sorts of food, all kinds of food; and ye, being born with sufficient intelligence, will survive," he said. Then he pushed them down under a gopher-hill.
He spoke again. "Ye, too, shall possess a small country. 'Come, now! leave this country!' (this ye must not say to others, wishing to take their land.) Ye shall be people who will not drive others away, driving them off to another country. Ye shall be different, ye shall name your country. Ye also shall be a differently named people. There, growing continually, many days being passed, many winters having passed, ye shall be born, when your birthday has passed," he said. "Living there and having children, when other winters are passed, they will become a little larger, and will keep on thus, growing all the time, until, when enough winters shall have passed, always becoming more numerous, ye shall have enough people. Your children, all without exception, shall have names.
This country also, in the same way is named; all countries shall have names, just as yourselves. If ye are going to look at the country over there, then, when ye go, (ye shall say) 'I am going to that place,' naming it; then all people will understand where ye are going," he said.
Then, counting the people on this side (in this direction), he left them; and, speaking to those on this side, he said, "Ye also shall be mortal men. So many winters passing over, (?) ye shall be born. All the time growing, each winter ye shall grow a little, a very little. Again, when the winter is over, continually growing, when many winters are passed, ye will have finished growing; then ye shall be born, full-grown. There ye also shall have a country, and your country shall be one bearing a name, and ye too shall be named," he said. "Ye shall have children; and when your children have grown larger, then, looking all over this country, ye must tell them about it, teach them about it, naming the country and places, showing them and naming them to your children. 'That is such and such a place, and that is such and such a mountain.' So, when ye have caused them to learn this, teaching them, they shall understand even as ye do yourselves."
Then, placing them between his thumb and finger, he snapped them away.
And when he had given countries thus to all that he had counted out, there was one pair left. "Ye also, ye shall be a, people speaking differently. There will be a little too many of you for you to have the same sort of a country also. So ye shall have that kind of a country, a great country," he said. "Now, wherever I have passed along, there shall never be a lack of anything," he said, and made motions in all directions. "The country where I have been shall be one where nothing is ever lacking. I have finished talking to you, and I say to you that ye shall remain where ye are to be born. Ye are the last people; and while, ye are to remain where ye are created, I shall return, and stay there. When this world becomes bad, I will make it over again; and after I make it, ye shall be born," he said. Long ago Coyote suspected this, they say.
"This world will shake," he said. "This world is spread out flat, the world is not stable. After this world is all made, by and by, after a long time, I will pull this rope a little, then the world shall be firm. I, pulling on my rope, shall make it shake. And now," he said, "there shall be songs, they shall not be lacking, ye shall have them." And he sang, and kept on singing until he ceased singing. "Ye mortal men shall have this song," he said, and then he sang another; and singing many different songs, he walked along, kept walking until he reached the middle of the world; and there, sitting down over across from it, he remained.
But, in making the world, Robin-Man sang that which was pleasant to hear. He, they say, was the first created person,–a man whose song passed across the valleys, a man who found the world, a man who in the olden time sang very beautifully-sounding songs. And Earth-Maker, going along, and having passed by the middle of the world, made a house for himself, and remained there. That is as far as he went. That is all, they say.
From: Maidu Folklore, Myths & Legends
URL: https://store.streetlib.com/en/anon-e-mouse/maidu-folklore-myths-and-legends-18-legends-of-the-maidu-people
2020-07-03 in American Indian Folklore, California, Folk Tales and Folklore, Folklore, maidu, Native American Folklore, Uncategorized | Tags: action, adventure, American Indian culture, Bat Man, California, campfire stories, central, children, coyote, Creation Myth, fables, fairy tales, Fisher Man, Folklore, Frightener, Frog Woman, girls, Great Man, lassen peak, lizard man, maidu, marry, Mosquito, mount lassen, Mountain Lion, Mountain-Tossing People, Mouse Man, Muskrat, Myths and legends, Native American Culture, Night Hawk Man, Rolling Skull, Sacramento Valley, Serpent Lover, Sierra Nevada, stars, Sun-Man, Theft Of Fire, thunder, thunder boy, Wind Man, Yosemite | Leave a comment
The MAIDU are an American Indian people of northern California. They reside in the central Sierra Nevada, in the watershed area of the Feather and American rivers. They also reside in Humbug Valley. In the Maiduan languages, Maidu means "man."
Estimates for the pre-contact populations of Maidu (including the Konkow and Nisenan) was, in 1770, estimated to be 9,000. Sherburne F. Cook later raised this figure slightly, to 9,500.
After the arrival of the Europeans, Kroeber reported the population of the Maidu in 1910 as low as 1,100. The 1930 census counted only 93, following decimation by infectious diseases and social disruption with many moving away from their tribal lands. As of 1995, the Maidu population had recovered to an estimated 3,500 – still down 63% on their original number.
In approximately 1910, folklorist Roland B. Dixon spent time amongst them collecting and recording their folklore, myths and legends resulting in this volume of MAIDU FOLKLORE, MYTHS AND LEGENDS.
Herein you will find stories like:
The Maidu Creation Myth,
Coyote And Muskrat,
Coyote, The Mountain-Tossing People, And The Wind-Man,
Thunder-Boy And Lizard-Man,
Thunder And Mosquito, And The Theft Of Fire – plus many more.
That these myths and legends have survived is even more remarkable considering what the tribe went through. The 1995 population census indicates that the tribe is still in recovery.
For more information https://store.streetlib.com/en/anon-e-mouse/maidu-folklore-myths-and-legends-18-legends-of-the-maidu-people


text:
David Elustondo Valencia
Publicaciones científicas más recientes (desde 2010)
Publicaciones en revistas (34)
Capítulos de libros (2)
Autores: Morera Gomez, Yasser (Autor de correspondencia); Alonso-Hernandez, C. M.; Santamaría Ulecia, Jesús Miguel; et al.
Título: Levels, spatial distribution, risk assessment, and sources of environmental contamination vectored by road dust in Cienfuegos (Cuba) revealed by chemical and C and N stable isotope compositions
Revista: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
ISSN 0944-1344 Vol. 27 Nº 2 2020 págs. 2184 - 2193
Road dust is an indicator widely used when monitoring contamination and evaluating environmental and health risks in urban ecosystems. We conducted an exhaustive characterization of road dust samples coupling their chemical characteristics and stable isotope compositions (C and N) with the aim of evaluating the levels and spatial distribution of local contamination as well as to identify its main source(s) in the coastal city of Cienfuegos (Cuba). Results indicate that the concentrations of several elements(total nitrogen, S, Ca, V, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, Hg, and Pb) exceed the background values reported for both Cuban soils and the upper continental crust (UCC) and showed high variability among the sampling sites. We show that road dust contamination in Cienfuegos induces high associated ecological risks. Among the studied elements, Cd and Hg are the major contributors to environmental contamination in the city, mainly along busy roads and downtown.¿13Cand¿15N, coupled to a multivariate statistical analysis, help associate the studied elements to several local sources of contamination: mineral matter derived from local soils, cement plant and related activities, road pavement alteration, power plant, road traffic, and resuspension of particulate organic matter (POM). Our results suggest that incorporating the chemical and isotope monitoring of road dust may help implement more effective environmental management measures in order to reduce their adverse impact on ecosystems.
Autores: Morera Gomez, Yasser (Autor de correspondencia); Alonso-Hernandez, C. M.; Widory, D.; et al.
Título: Contents, distribution and sources of lanthanoid elements in rural and urban atmospheric particles in Cienfuegos (Cuba)
Revista: ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
This study investigates the contents, distribution patterns, and sources of lanthanoid elements (La to Lu) in aerosols with an aerodynamic diameter <= 10 mu m (PM10) in a coastal Caribbean region in order to better constrain the origin of the atmospheric PM contamination. We sampled and analysed PM10 aerosols during 2015 simultaneously at a rural and an urban site in Cienfuegos (Cuba) as well as particles samples from regional contamination sources. Results showed that the sum of the studied lanthanoids concentrations ranged from 0.03 to 13.42 ng m(-3) and from 0.51 to 18.75 ng m(-3) at the rural and the urban site, respectively. Time variations for the lanthanoid concentrations displayed similar trends and showed that the highest concentrations corresponded to the influence of the African dust for both sites, but presented distinct variability and lower concentrations when dust intrusions were less frequent. The lanthanoid distribution patterns in the rural and urban sites were significantly different, due to the impact of different local combustion sources. Our results were comforted by comparing the degree of fractionation of the lighter and heavier lanthanoids and the delta Eu and delta Ce anomalies between our PM10 samples and those of the local sources of contamination. Ultimately, we highlight the added value of lanthanoid elements as reliable indicators for discriminating emission sources and for tracking the origin of atmospheric particulate matter.
Autores: Morera Gomez, Yasser (Autor de correspondencia); Alonso-Hernandez, C. M. ; Cartas-Aguila, H. A.; et al.
Título: Elucidating the sources and dynamics of PM10 aerosols in Cienfuegos (Cuba) using their multi-stable and radioactive isotope and ion compositions
Revista: ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
ISSN 0169-8095 Vol. 243 2020 págs. 105038
In this study, PM10 aerosol samples were collected at 4 urban and 1 rural sites in the region of Cienfuegos (Cuba) and analyzed for their chemical compositions (total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), NH4+, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-) and their stable carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15), and radioactive (Pb-210, Be-7, Cs-137 and K-40) isotope systematics, in order to better constrain both their sources of pollution and their atmospheric dynamics. The average PMic, concentrations varied from 21.67 +/- 8.54 mu g.m(-3) at the rural site to 39.01 +/- 8.23 mu g m(-3) at an urban site characterized by high road traffic. Chemical compositions showed low variability and similar abundances of the ionic species, but we observed strong correlations between i) NH4+ and SO42- that indicates the formation of secondary ammonium bisulfate (NH4HSO4), and ii) between PM10, and TC highlighting the significant influence of carbonaceous aerosols. We are reporting here the first Pb-210 aerosol concentrations in this region and demonstrate that, coupled with the corresponding Be-7 concentrations, they allow characterizing the dynamics of the regional continental air masses. delta C-13 values in PM10, appear to be controlled by i) emissions from different types of combustion sources, including fossil fuel and biomass burning and ii) carbonate inputs from the industrial activities located around the limestone quarries, east of the city.
Autores: Morera Gomez, Yasser (Autor de correspondencia); Santamaría Ulecia, Jesús Miguel; Elustondo Valencia, David; et al.
Título: Determination and source apportionment of major and trace elements in atmospheric bulk deposition in a caribbean rural area
Revista: ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
ISSN 1352-2310 Vol. 202 2019 págs. 93 - 104
Atmospheric deposition is considered to be the major pathway by which substances from the atmosphere enter to the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This study constitutes the first exhaustive report on trace metal deposition in Cuba and is aimed to determine the monthly atmospheric flux of 47 major and trace elements in a Caribbean coastal site and investigate the main sources contributing to deposition.
Autores: Vedia Jiménez, Iván; Almeida, D.; Rodeles, A. A.; et al.
Título: Behavioral interactions and trophic overlap between invasive signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Decapoda, Astacidae) and native fishes in iberian rivers
Revista: WATER
ISSN 2073-4441 Vol. 11 Nº 3 2019 págs. 1 - 17
The signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana, 1852 is a successful invasive species in the Iberian Peninsula. This is of particular conservation concern, as fish fauna is highly endemic and also threatened within this ecoregion. The aim of this study was to analyze behavioral interactions and trophic overlap between signal crayfish and native fishes in Iberian rivers (northern Spain). Video cameras were used to record fish "dominance/evasion" after spatial encounters with crayfish. Diet composition and isotopic signatures (¿13C and ¿15N) were compared to evaluate the niche overlap. Fish were dominant in 25% of the encounters with juvenile crayfish, whereas this percentage was only 4% with adult crayfish. Observations showed a high fish "evasion" response for Pyrenean stone loach Barbatula quignardi (B¿cescu-Me¿ter, 1967) (>30%). Dietary results showed a high trophic overlap between signal crayfish with the pelagic Pyrenean minnow Phoxinus bigerri Kottelat, 2007 and the benthic loach. However, the isotopic niche overlap was low, with brown trout Salmo trutta L., 1758 showing the highest area (only 0.1 ¿2). Overall, our findings suggest that interferences may occur with native species for food (i.e., benthic invertebrates). Consequently, measures should be applied to control invasive crayfish in Iberian rivers.
Enlace DADUN: http://hdl.handle.net/10171/56538
Autores: Ciganda, V. S., (Autor de correspondencia); López Aizpún, María; Repullo, M. A.; et al.
Título: Soil nitrous oxide emissions from grassland: potential inhibitor effect of hippuric acid
Revista: JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE
ISSN 1436-8730 Vol. 182 Nº 1 2019 págs. 40 - 47
In grassland systems, cattle and sheep urine patches are recognized as nitrous oxide (N2O) emission hot spots due to the high urinary nitrogen (N) concentrations. Hippuric acid (HA) is one of the constituents of ruminant urine that has been reported as a natural inhibitor of soil N2O emissions. The aim of this study was to examine the potential for elevated ruminant urine HA concentrations to reduce N2O emissions, in situ, on an acidic heavy clay soil under poorly drained conditions (WFPS > 85%). A randomized complete block design experiment with three replications and four treatments was conducted using the closed-static-flux chamber methodology. The four treatments were applied inside the chambers: control with no artificial urine application (C), control artificial urine (U), and enriched artificial urine with two rates of HA (55.8 and 90mM, U+HA1, U+HA2). Soil inorganic-N, soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soil pH as well as N2O and methane (CH4) fluxes were monitored over a 79-d period. Although N2O emissions were not affected by the HA enriched urine treatments, U+HA2 positively affected the retention of N as NH4+ until day 3, when the soil pH dropped to values < 5. Subsequently, as a consequence of rainfall events and soil acidification, it is likely that leaching or sorption onto clay reduced the efficacy of HA, masking any treatment differential effect on N2O emissions. Moreover, CH4 fluxes as well as DOC results reflected the soil anaerobic conditions which did not favour nitrification processes. Further research is needed to determine the fate of HA into the soil which might clarify the lack of an in situ effect of this compound.
Autores: Santiago, J. L., (Autor de correspondencia); Buccolieri, R.; Rivas, E.; et al.
Título: CFD modelling of vegetation barrier effects on the reduction of traffic-related pollutant concentration in an avenue of Pamplona, Spain
Revista: SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
ISSN 2210-6707 Vol. 48 Nº 101559 2019 págs. 1 - 18
With the objective of reducing population exposure, vegetation barriers composed by hedges and/or trees are usually located near roads to protect pedestrians from traffic-related pollutants. The main objective of this study is to quantify the effectiveness of this type of barriers. Black Carbon (BC) is used an indicator of the effectiveness of vegetation barrier and its concentration reduction behind the barrier is studied. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling, previously validated against BC experimental data across a vegetation barrier located in an avenue of Pamplona (Spain), is applied to simulate different barrier configurations. Additionally, the contribution of each vegetation effect (aerodynamic and deposition) on this reduction, as well as its sensitivity to different deposition velocities, are investigated. Results show barriers with hedge and trees are effective to locally reduce BC concentrations and suggest that the presence of trees is more crucial in reducing concentration rather than the hedge size or density. At 15 m from road in the presence of a row of trees and a 2 m-height and 2 m-width hedge the average concentration reduction percentage ranges between 45% and 66% (depending on deposition velocity) with respect to the case without vegetation barrier.
Título: Carbon and nitrogen isotopes unravels sources of aerosol contamination at Caribbean rural and urban coastal sites
Revista: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
ISSN 0048-9697 Vol. 642 2018 págs. 723 - 732
The constant increase of anthropogenic emissions of aerosols, usually resulting from a complex mixture from various sources, leads to a deterioration of the ambient air quality. The stable isotope compositions (delta C-13 and delta N-15) of total carbon (TC) and nitrogen (TN) in both PM10 and emissions from potential sources were investigated for first time in a rural and an urban Caribbean costal sites in Cuba to better constrain the origin of the contamination. Emissions from road traffic, power plant and shipping emissions were discriminated by coupling their C and N contents and corresponding isotope signatures. Other sources (soil, road dust and cement plant), in contrast, presented large overlapping ranges for both C and N isotope compositions. delta C-13(PM10) isotope compositions in the rural (average of -25.4 +/- 1.2 parts per thousand) and urban (average of -24.8 +/- 1.2 parts per thousand) sites were interpreted as a mixture of contributions from two main contributors: i) fossil fuel combustion and ii) cement plant and quarries. Results also showed that this last source is impacting more air quality at the urban site. A strong influence from local wood burning was also identified at the rural site. These conclusions were comforted by a statistical analysis using a conditional bivariate probability function. TN and delta N-15 values from the urban site demonstrated that nitrogen in PM10 was generated by secondary processes through the formation of (NH4)(2)SO4.
Autores: García-Gómez, H.; Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; Aguillaume, L.; et al.
Título: Joining empirical and modelling approaches to estimate dry deposition of nitrogen in Mediterranean forests
Revista: ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
ISSN 0269-7491 Vol. 243 Nº Part A 2018 págs. 427 - 436
In Mediterranean areas, dry deposition is a major component of the total atmospheric N input to natural habitats, particularly to forest ecosystems. An innovative approach, combining the empirical inferential method (EIM) for surface deposition of NO3- and NH4+ with stomatal uptake of NH3, HNO3 and NO2 derived from the DO3SE (Deposition of Ozone and Stomatal Exchange) model, was used to estimate total dry deposition of inorganic N air pollutants in four holm oak forests under Mediterranean conditions in Spain. The estimated total deposition varied among the sites and matched the geographical patterns previously found in model estimates: higher deposition was determined at the northern site (28.9 kg N ha-1 year-1) and at the northeastern sites (17.8 and 12.5 kg N ha-1 year-1) than at the central-Spain site (9.4 kg N ha-1 year-1). On average, the estimated dry deposition of atmospheric N represented 77% ± 2% of the total deposition of N, of which surface deposition of gaseous and particulate atmospheric N averaged 10.0 ± 2.9 kg N ha-1 year-1 for the four sites (58% of the total deposition), and stomatal deposition of N gases averaged 3.3 ± 0.8 kg N ha-1 year-1 (19% of the total deposition). Deposition of atmospheric inorganic N was dominated by the surface deposition of oxidized N in all the forests (means of 54% and 42% of the dry and total deposition, respectively).
Autores: Morera Gomez, Yasser; Elustondo Valencia, David; Lasheras Adot, María Esther; et al.
Título: Chemical characterization of PM10 samples collected simultaneously at a rural and an urban site in the Caribbean coast: local and long-range source apportionment
The deterioration of the air quality is a global concern. Daily PM10 samples were simultaneously collected and chemically characterized at an urban and a rural site in Cienfuegos, Cuba between January 2015 and January 2016. A source apportionment study was conducted in order to identify and quantify the main contributions of both local and long-range sources. Concentrations of PM10 varied similarly at the urban and rural site, with annual averages of 35.4 and 24.8 ug m-3, respectively. The highest concentrations were observed between March and August at both sites, when a strong influence of Saharan dust was identified. The PM10 daily limit (50 ug m-3) established in the Cuban legislation for air quality was exceeded by 3 and 8 times in the rural and urban site, respectively. The chemical characterization of PM10 showed important contributions of mineral matter, total carbon and secondary inorganic compounds in the region, with the highest concentrations observed at the urban site. Marine contribution, by contrast, was higher at the rural site. The highest EFs were obtained for the typical road traffic tracers Mo and Cu. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis coupled with conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF) and concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) identified 5 main sources in the studied sites: Saharan intrusions, marine aerosol, combustion sources and secondary aerosols, road traffic and cement plant.
Autores: López Aizpún, María; Arango-Mora, C.; Santamaría Elola, Carolina; et al.
Título: Atmospheric ammonia concentration modulates soil enzyme and microbial activity in an oak forest affecting soil microbial biomass
Revista: SOIL BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
The present work was carried out to assess the effect of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) on soil physicochemical properties, soil enzymatic activities (ß-glucosidase -ß-GLU-, nitrate reductase ¿NR-, urease ¿UR-, protease ¿PRO-, acid phosphatase ¿PHO-, dehydrogenase ¿DHA-), soil microbial biomass and soil respiration. The study was conducted along a NH3 gradient in a Q. pubescens Milld. forest in the vicinity of two livestock farms. Because of NHy (NHy: NH3 and NH4+) deposition, N saturation was detected up to 330 m from the farms. This excess of N led to a decrease in soil C:N and an increase in soil nitrification processes, which resulted in an accumulation of the heavy N isotope (15N) in the soil. N saturation was also reflected in the activity of NR enzyme, which was inhibited. On the other hand, while UR enzyme was inhibited close to the farms possibly due to the high amount of N-NH4+ resulting from the hydrolysis of NH3, PRO activity was stimulated by the presence of organic nitrogen compounds and the need of soil organisms to meet the C demand. In addition, the activity of PHO and ß-GLU enzymes was regulated by the relative amount of C and P that organisms need. Regarding biological variables, enhanced NH3 reduced soil microbial biomass and biomass respiratory efficiency. Finally, soil enzyme activities and soil microbial biomass have proved to be good biological indicators of soil quality.
Autores: Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; López Aizpún, María; Irigoyen Iparrea, Juan José; et al.
Título: Eco-physiological response of Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. to increased atmospheric ammonia concentrations in a forest agrosystem
ISSN 0048-9697 Vol. 619-620 2018 págs. 883 - 895
Ammonia (NH3) emissions are linked to eutrophication, plant toxicity and ecosystem shifts from N to P limitation. Bryophytes are key components of terrestrial ecosystems, yet highly sensitive to N deposition. Hence, physiological responses of mosses may be indicative of NH3-related impacts, and thus useful to foresee future ecosystem damages and establish atmospheric Critical Levels (CLEs). In this work, samples of Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. were seasonally collected along a well-defined NH3 concentration gradient in an oak woodland during a one-year period. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of tissue chemistry, stoichiometry, metabolic enzymes, antioxidant response, membrane damages, photosynthetic pigments, soluble protein content and N and C isotopic fractionation. Our results showed that all the physiological parameters studied (except P, K, Ca and C) responded to the NH3 gradient in predictable ways, although the magnitude and significance of the response were dependent on the sampling season, especially for enzymatic activities and pigments content. Nutritional imbalances, membrane damages and disturbance of cellular C and N metabolism were found as a consequence to NH3 exposure, being more affected the mosses more exposed to the barn atmosphere. These findings suggested significant implications of intensive farming for the correct functioning of oak woodlands and highlighted the importance of seasonal dynamics in the study of key physiological processes related to photosynthesis, mosses nutrition and responses to oxidative stress. Finally, tissue N showed the greatest potential for the identification of NH3-related ecological end points (estimated CLE = 3.5 mu g m(-3)), whereas highly scattered physiological responses, although highly sensitive, were not suitable to that end.
Autores: Ochoa-Hueso, R. , (Autor de correspondencia); Munzi, S. ; Alonso, R.; et al.
Título: Ecological impacts of atmospheric pollution and interactions with climate change in terrestrial ecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin: current research and future directions
Mediterranean Basin ecosystems, their unique biodiversity, and the key services they provide are currently at risk due to air pollution and climate change, yet only a limited number of isolated and geographically-restricted studies have addressed this topic, often with contrasting results. Particularities of air pollution in this region include high 03 levels due to high air temperatures and solar radiation, the stability of air masses, and dominance of dry over wet nitrogen deposition. Moreover, the unique abiotic and biotic factors (e.g., climate, vegetation type, relevance of Saharan dust inputs) modulating the response of Mediterranean ecosystems at various spatiotemporal scales make it difficult to understand, and thus predict, the consequences of human activities that cause air pollution in the Mediterranean Basin. Therefore, there is an urgent need to implement coordinated research and experimental platforms along with wider environmental monitoring networks in the region. In particular, a robust deposition monitoring network in conjunction with modelling estimates is crucial, possibly including a set of common biomonitors (ideally cryptogams, an important component of the Mediterranean vegetation), to help refine pollutant deposition maps. Additionally, increased attention must be paid to functional diversity measures in future air pollution and climate change studies to establish the necessary link between biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services in Mediterranean ecosystems. Through a coordinated effort, the Mediterranean scientific community can fill the above-mentioned gaps and reach a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying the combined effects of air pollution and climate change in the Mediterranean Basin. (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Autores: Avila, A.; Aguillaume, L.; Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; et al.
Título: Quantitative study on nitrogen deposition and canopy retention in Mediterranean evergreen forests
ISSN 0944-1344 Vol. 24 Nº 34 2017 págs. 26213 - 26226
To assess the impact of nitrogen (N) pollutants on forest ecosystems, the role of the interactions in the canopy needs to be understood. A great number of studies have addressed this issue in heavily N-polluted regions in north and central Europe. Much less information is available for the Iberian Peninsula, and yet this region is home to mountain forests and alpine grasslands that may be at risk due to excessive N deposition. To establish the basis for ecology-based policies, there is a need to better understand the forest response to this atmospheric impact. To fill this gap, in this study, we measured N deposition (as bulk, wet, and throughfall fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and air N gas concentrations from 2011 to 2013 at four Spanish holm oak (Quercus ilex) forests located in different pollution environments. One site was in an area of intensive agriculture, two sites were influenced by big cities (Madrid and Barcelona, respectively), and one site was in a rural mountain environment 40 km north of Barcelona. Wet deposition ranged between 0.54 and 3.8 kg N ha-1 year-1 for ammonium (NH4+)-N and between 0.65 and 2.1 kg N ha-1 year-1 for nitrate (NO3-)-N, with the lowest deposition at the Madrid site for both components. Dry deposition was evaluated with three different approaches: (1) a canopy budget model based in throughfall measurements, (2) a branch washing method, and (3) inferential calculations.
Autores: Rodríguez-Oroz, D. ; Lasheras Adot, María Esther; Elustondo Valencia, David; et al.
Título: Assessment of indexes for heavy metal contamination in remote areas: a case study in a pyrenean forest, Navarra, Spain
Revista: BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
ISSN 0007-4861 Vol. 98 Nº 1 2017 págs. 91 - 96
The objective of the present work was to verify and compare the performance of different geochemical indices employed to identify the anthropogenic origin of selected heavy metals and other trace elements in soils. To that end, two background values, the upper continental crust and the metal content in the bed rock, were used and obtained from a forested basin of the western Pyrenees. The enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (I-geo), and contamination factor (C-i (f)) were finally evaluated for their ability to determine anthropogenic contamination: Results indicate that an in-depth knowledge of the bed rock geochemistry and the geological background content is essential to distinguish between the natural variability of soils and any anthropogenic contribution of heavy metals. Although both EF and C-i (f) show a similar ability to detect soil contamination, the latter is proposed as a more appropriate and sensitive marker given its ability for finding episodically elevated contamination levels.
Autores: Aguillaume, L.; Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; Garcia Gomez, H.; et al.
Título: Dry deposition and canopy uptake in mediterranean holm-oak forests estimated with a canopy budget model: a focus on N estimations
Bulk/wet and throughfall fluxes of major compounds were measured from June 2011 to June 2013 at four Mediterranean holm-oak (Quercus ilex) forests in the Iberian Peninsula. Regression analysis between net throughfall fluxes and precipitation indicated that the best defined canopy process was leaching for K+ and uptake for NH4+ at all sites. A more variable response between sites was found for Na+, Ca2+, SO42- and Cl-, which suggests that the interplay of dry deposition, leaching and uptake at the canopy was different depending on site climate and air quality characteristics. A canopy budget model (CBM) was used to try to discriminate between the canopy processes and enable to estimate dry deposition and uptake fluxes at three of the sites that complied with the model specifications. To derive N uptake, an efficiency factor of NH4+ vs. NO3- uptake (xNH(4)) corresponding to moles of NH4+ taken up for each NO3- mol, has to be determined. Up to now, a value of 6 has been proposed for temperate forests, but we lack information for Mediterranean forests. Experimental determination of N absorption on Quercus ilex seedlings in Spain suggests efficiency factors from 1 to 6. Based on these values, a sensitivity analysis for xNH4 was performed and the NH4-N and NO3-N modeled dry deposition was compared with dry deposition estimated with independent methods (inferential modeling and washing of branches). At two sites in NE Spain under a milder Mediterranean climate, the best match was obtained for xNH(4) = 6, corroborating results from European temperate forests. Based on this value, total DIN deposition was 12-13 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) at these sites. However, for a site in central Spain under drier conditions, variation of the NH4+ efficiency factor had little effect on DD estimates (which ranged from 2 to 2.6 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) with varying xNH(4)); when added to wet deposition, this produced a total N deposition in the range 2.6-3.4 kg N ha(-1) y(-1). Dry deposition was the predominant pathway for N, accounting for 60-80% of total deposition, while for base cations wet deposition dominated (55-65%). Nitrogen deposition values at the northwestern sites were close to the empirical critical load proposed for evergreen sclerophyllous Mediterranean forests (15 -17 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)). When organic N deposition at these forests is added (3 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)), the total N input to the sites in NE Spain are close to the critical loads for Mediterranean evergreen oak forests. (
Autores: Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; Elustondo Valencia, David
Título: Relevance of organic nitrogen deposition to the global N cycle
Revista: ECOSISTEMAS
Atmospheric organic nitrogen (ON) plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry, contributing significantly to N deposition, particle formation and long-distance transport of nitrogenous compounds. This review addresses the most relevant methodological aspects that should be taken into account for the study of the deposit of this fraction. Likewise, it provides information on the important contribution of ON at the global level, both in rainwater and aerosols, and the main sources where it can be formed. Finally, it shows evidence of the influence of ON on the biogeochemical cycles of N and C. The information gathered in this work shows that despite the advances made in recent years, our understanding of the chemical composition and the implications of the organic fraction on health and ecosystems is far from being complete.
Autores: Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; García Gómez, H.; Aguillaume, L.; et al.
Título: Throughfall and bulk deposition of dissolved organic nitrogen to holm oak forests in the iberian peninsula: flux estimation and identification of potential sources
Deposition of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in both bulk precipitation (BD) and canopy throughfall (TF) has been measured for the first time in the western Mediterranean. The study was carried out over a year from 2012 to 2013 at four evergreen holm oak forests located in the Iberian Peninsula: two sites in the Province of Barcelona (Northeastern Spain), one in the Province of Madrid (central Spain) and the fourth in the Province of Navarra (Northern Spain). In BD the annual volume weighted mean (VWM) concentration of DON ranged from 0.25 mg l-1 in Madrid to 1.14 mg l-1 in Navarra, whereas in TF it ranged from 0.93 mg l-1 in Barcelona to 1.98 mg l-1 in Madrid. The contribution of DON to total nitrogen deposition varied from 34% to 56% in BD in Barcelona and Navarra respectively, and from 38% in Barcelona to 72% in Madrid in TF. Agricultural activities and pollutants generated in metropolitan areas were identified as potential anthropogenic sources of DON at the study sites. Moreover, canopy uptake of DON in Navarra was found in spring and autumn, showing that organic nitrogen may be a supplementary nutrient for Mediterranean forests, assuming that a portion of the nitrogen taken up is assimilated during biologically active periods.
Autores: García-Gómez, H., (Autor de correspondencia); Aguillaume, L.; Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; et al.
Título: Atmospheric pollutants in peri-urban forests of Quercus ilex: evidences of pollution abatement and threats for vegetation
Peri-urban vegetation is generally accepted as a significant remover of atmospheric pollutants, but it could also be threatened by these compounds, with origin in both urban and non-urban areas. To characterize the seasonal and geographical variation of pollutant concentrations and to improve the empirical understanding of the influence of Mediterranean broadleaf evergreen forests on air quality, four forests of Quercus ilex (three peri-urban and one remote) were monitored in different areas in Spain. Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia (NH3), nitric acid (HNO3) and ozone (O3) were measured during 2 years in open areas and inside the forests and aerosols (PM10) were monitored in open areas during 1 year. Ozone was the only air pollutant expected to have direct phytotoxic effects on vegetation according to current thresholds for the protection of vegetation. The concentrations of N compounds were not high enough to directly affect vegetation but could be contributing through atmospheric N deposition to the eutrophization of these ecosystems. Peri-urban forests of Q. ilex showed a significant below-canopy reduction of gaseous concentrations (particularly NH3, with a mean reduction of 29-38%), which indicated the feasibility of these forests to provide an ecosystem service of air quality improvement.
Autores: Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; Elustondo Valencia, David; Ederra Indurain, Alicia; et al.
Título: Pleurochaete squarrosa (Brid.) Lindb. as an alternative moss species for biomonitoring surveys of heavy metal, nitrogen deposition and d15N signatures in a Mediterranean area
Revista: ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
ISSN 1470-160X Vol. 60 Nº 1 2016 págs. 1221 - 1228
There is a significant lack of data in biomonitoring surveys from southern Europe and other Mediterranean biogeographic areas. This scarcity is mainly due to the impossibility of finding the commonly recommended species in a great portion of these dry environments. The present work was carried out with the aim of assessing the validity of the moss Pleurochaete squarrosa (Brid.) Lindb. (PS) as a feasible alternative in these regions. The study was developed in the Mediterranean area of Navarra, in northern Spain, where the response of PS to multiple atmospheric pollutants (N, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti and Zn) was compared to that of Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. (HC), an accepted and widely used species in biomonitoring surveys. Moreover, N isotopic signatures from both species were studied to evaluate their effectiveness when identifying nitrogen emission sources. The enrichment factor (EF) approach was used to evaluate the heavy metal uptake, showing a similar behaviour for both species: low EF for Al, As, Cr and Fe; intermediate for Mn, Ni, Pb and Sb; and high for Cd, Cr, Hg and Zn. Equally, both species depicted the same N deposition patterns across the study area. However, regarding ¿15N, PS gave a more congruent picture with the location of the main sources of N emissions in the area. These data suggest that PS may be a suitable biomonitor to fill the aforementioned gaps in Mediterranean biogeographic areas.
Autores: Gazol Burgos, Antonio; Uría Díez, Jaime; Elustondo Valencia, David; et al.
Título: Fertilization triggers 11 yr of changes in community assembly in Mediterranean grassland
Revista: JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
ISSN 1100-9233 Vol. 27 Nº 4 2016 págs. 728 - 738
Autores: Garcia-Gomez, H.; Izquieta Rojano, Sheila; Aguillaume, L.; et al.
Título: Atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen in Spanish forests of Quercus ilex measured with ion-exchange resins and conventional collectors
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition is one of the main threats for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Measurement techniques like ion-exchange resin collectors (IECs), which are less expensive and time-consuming than conventional methods, are gaining relevance in the study of atmospheric deposition and are recommended to expand monitoring networks. In the present work, bulk and throughfall deposition of inorganic nitrogen were monitored in three different holm oak forests in Spain during two years. The results obtained with IECs were contrasted with a conventional technique using bottle collectors and with a literature review of similar studies. The performance of IECs in comparison with the conventional method was good for measuring bulk deposition of nitrate and acceptable for ammonium and total dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Mean annual bulk deposition of inorganic nitrogen ranged 3.09-5.43 kg N ha(-1) according to IEC methodology, and 2.42-6.83 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) using the conventional method. Intra-annual variability of the net throughfall deposition of nitrogen measured with the conventional method revealed the existence of input pulses of nitrogen into the forest soil after dry periods, presumably originated from the washing of dry deposition accumulated in the canopy. Important methodological recommendations on the IEC method and discussed, compiled and summarized.
Autores: Bermejo Orduna, Raúl; McBride, J.R.; Shiraishi, K.; et al.
Título: Biomonitoring of traffic-related nitrogen pollution using Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue in Sierra Nevada, California
To assess the impact of vehicular emissions on a mixed conifer forest, we measured the contents of the trace elements, N, C, and their respective natural isotopes (delta(15)N and delta(13)C), in the epiphytic lichen, L. vulpina. The samples were collected along transects perpendicular to Interstate 80 (I-80) and along a more remote, secondary forest road (R07). Distance to the road verge, trunk cover, and stand basal area were also recorded. Percent N ranged from 1.10% to 2.00% near I-80 and from 0.78% to 1.13% along R07. Concentrations of N, (15)N, Na, As, Pb, and Zn were enhanced in lichen samples near I-80 and were negatively correlated with distance from the road. Trunk cover values differed between roads (p<0.001) and were negatively correlated with %N (r(2)=0.74; p<0.001). The results indicate that vehicular N emissions are significant enough to alter the surrounding ecosystem, modifying the presence of a sensitive component such as L. vulpina, and suggest that a clean-site threshold of 1.0%N may be too high as an indicator of critical N load exceedance. The study also underscored the potential role of wolf lichen in a large-scale assessment of N deposition and source identification.
Autores: Aldabe Salinas, Janire; Santamaría Elola, Carolina; Elustondo Valencia, David; et al.
Título: Application of microwave digestion and ICP-MS to simultaneous analysis of major and trace elements in aerosol samples collected on quartz filters
Revista: ANALYTICAL METHODS
ISSN 1759-9660 Vol. 5 Nº 2 2013 págs. 554-559
A microwave digestion method in a closed vessel was developed for the simultaneous determination of trace and major elements, with the highest possible recoveries, in atmospheric aerosols using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). This method was developed to quantify the concentration of Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce and Pb present in quartz filters containing particulate matter (PM10). The performance of the procedure was evaluated by analysis of the standard reference material NIST 1633b and CTA-FFA-1. Different combinations of nitric acid (HNO3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydrofluoric acid (HF) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) were tested to improve the recovery factors for the studied elements. The addition of a large amount (3 mL) of HF was required to fully dissolve the quartz filters. This fact made difficult the obtention of high recoveries for alkali (Rb, Cs), alkaline earth (Mg, Ca, Ba), and rare earth (La, Ce) elements, which showed the lowest recoveries. In this study three different digestion methods were assessed using a closed evaporation system, the addition of boric acid and a mixture of both procedures to minimize the effects of residual fluoride.
Autores: Sheppard, L. J.; Leith, I. D.; Leeson, S.; et al.
Título: PK additions modify the effects of N dose and form on species composition, species litter chemistry and peat chemistry in a Scottish peatland
Revista: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
ISSN 0168-2563 Vol. 116 Nº 1 - 3 2013 págs. 39 - 53
Wet N deposition comprises oxidised (nitrate) and reduced (ammonium) N forms in proportions that vary spatially with source and topography. Field evidence of long-term N form effects on semi-natural ecosystems and how these are modified by phosphorus and potassium availability are lacking. This study describes cover changes for some key peatland species and litter chemistry from Sphagnum capillifolium, Calluna and Eriophorum vaginatum, and peat in response to 9 years of N treatment. Ammonium and nitrate as NH4Cl or NaNO3 were provided to replicate plots in rainwater spray at +8 (low) or +56 (high) kg N ha(-1) year, with and without PK via an automated system coupled to site meteorological conditions. Reduced N caused greater N accumulation in all key species than oxidised N, especially at higher doses, but cover declined more, though not significantly so, with oxidised than reduced N at the high N dose. Overall the detrimental effects of high N on Sphagnum and Calluna cover were significant but small. By comparison PK inclusion with 56 kg N ha(-1) year as oxidised N, not reduced N, had devastating effects on cover, causing both S. capillifolium and Calluna to decrease 3-5-fold, facilitating invasion and expansion of nitrophiles, non-characteristic bog plants e.g. Epilobium angustifolium, Epilobium palustre, Juncus effusus, Digitalis purpurea and Dryopteris dilatata. N form appears to be significant for peatlands because of its effects on pH. The significance of changes in plant cover for peat chemistry and decomposition for biogeochemistry is discussed.
Título: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) sampled in aerosol at different sites of the western Pyrenees in Navarra (Spain)
Revista: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
The concentrations of 15 selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in daily PM10 samples collected at a rural site, an urban site and a traffic site in Navarra during 2009. PAHs were extracted by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) from the corresponding quartz filters and later analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). An intensive annual study was enabled with this analytical procedure as turnover is multiplied by 50 with MAE in comparison with the classical extraction technique (Soxhlet). The annual average total concentrations of the 15 target compounds ranged from 0.6 ng m(-3) to 1.2 ng m(-3) at the rural and traffic sampling stations respectively, showing up to four times higher PAHs concentrations in winter than in summer. When compared to other European cities, Pamplona registered significantly lower PAHs values. Other pollutants like NOx, CO and PM10 were found to be well correlated with PAHs, and O-3 presented a negative correlation. The results of diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the high influence of diesel and gasoline emissions in the three studied areas, although, other main sources were also found.
Autores: Santamaría Ulecia, Jesús Miguel; Moraza Zorrilla, María Lourdes; Elustondo Valencia, David; et al.
Título: Diversity of acari and collembolla along a pollution gradient in soils of a pre-pyrenean forest ecosystem
Mites and springtails are important members of soil mesofauna and have been proven to be good bioindicators of airborne pollutants. We studied the surrounding area of a steel mill located in a mountain valley of North Spain. Previous studies had documented the existence of a pollution gradient in this area due to the emissions of the factory, thus providing an interesting site to investigate the potential effects of pollutants (heavy metals and nitrogen) on soil biodiversity. The density of Acari and Collembola significantly decreased with the increase in concentration of Cr, Mn, Zn, Cd and Pb. Mites appeared to be more sensitive to heavy metal pollution than springtails. Likewise, the density of these microarthropoda was lower in those soils exhibiting higher nitrogen content. The species composition of the community of Acari and Collembola changed according to heavy metal pollution. Significant differences in abundance, species richness and diversity were observed between the communities of the sampling sites. Some species were exclusive of the less polluted sites, while other appeared in the most contaminated ones. This different response of soil mesofauna to pollutants suggests that some mite or springtail species could be used as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution.
Autores: Rodríguez Oroz, María Delia; Lasheras Adot, María Esther; Aldabe Salinas, Janire; et al.
Título: Heavy metals mobility in experimental disturbed and undisturbed acid soil columns in Spanish Pyrenees
In this study we explore the processes of sorption and mobility in experimental soil columns in order to assess the response of natural soils to a hypothetical increase of pollution. The soils were sampled in a forest catchment situated in the Bertiz Natural Park at the western end of the Pyrenees. 21 columns, reproducing 21 soil profiles, were treated with a solution of heavy metals four times more concentrated than under actual conditions of deposition. An undisturbed soil column was tested simultaneously. The competition between cations and the content of clay and oxi-hydroxide compounds in the soils were the main factors determining the mobility of metals along with the influence of temperature. Calculated distribution coefficients show retention of Cr3+ Cu2+, and As5+, and in a lesser extent of Pb2+ and leaching of Mn2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+. Consequently, Mn2+ and Zn2+ have a greater tendency to contribute to groundwater pollution, whereas Cr3+ and Cu2+ are more likely to remain on soil surface. In undisturbed soil column, Ni2+ and Zn2+ were preferably sorbed onto dissolved organic matter (DOC), and the sorption of Mn2+ Cu2+ and Zn2+ was controlled by the ambient temperature. The simulation shows the presence of weakly sorbed metals and of others clearly desorbed (Ni2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+), which suggests that in the near future they will reach groundwater becoming a risk for its quality and for the biota. This kind of experiments in disturbed soils did not prove to be successful, hence their analysis in undisturbed soils is suggested.
Autores: Ariño Plana, Arturo; Bermejo Orduna, Raúl; Ibáñez Gastón, Ricardo; et al.
Título: Report on national ICP IM activities in Spain
Revista: THE FINNISH ENVIRONMENT
ISSN 1238-7312 Nº 18 2011 págs. 53 - 57
Autores: Aldabe Salinas, Janire; Elustondo Valencia, David; Santamaría Elola, Carolina; et al.
Título: Chemical characterisation and source apportionment of PM2.5 and PM10 at rural, urban and traffic sites in Navarra (North of Spain)
ISSN 0169-8095 Vol. 102 Nº 1 2011 págs. 191 - 205
Autores: González Miqueo, Laura; Elustondo Valencia, David; Lasheras Adot, María Esther; et al.
Título: Use of native mosses as biomonitors of heavy metals and nitrogen deposition in the surroundings of two steel works
Revista: Chemosphere
A biomonitoring survey using the moss species Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. was conducted in the surroundings of two steel plants located in the North of Spain. Levels of V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb and N were determined. Very high concentrations in the areas of study were detected when compared to nearby unaffected regions. Similar trends were observed for all the elements in the differently orientated transects, showing an appreciable influence of the NW prevailing winds of the region in the dispersion of pollutants, as well as a clear decreasing gradient in the concentrations of metals in mosses within a distance of 1500 meters from the facilities. A differentiation between the elements emitted by the chimney as result of the industrial activity (V, Cr, Ni, Cu and As) and those with a high presence in steel slag deposits (Zn, Cd, Hg and Pb) was observed. The range of contamination was also established by means of the Contamination Factor, indicating a category 4 out of 6 categories, which shows the high levels reported in the areas of study. A different dynamic was registered for nitrogen regarding the rest of the heavy metals analysed except for Hg, probably due to the elevated volatility and mobility of both elements, as well as their high persistence in the atmosphere.
Título: Heavy metal and nitrogen monitoring using moss and topsoil samples in a Pyrenean forest catchment
Revista: WATER AIR SOIL POLL
ISSN 0049-6979 Vol. 210 Nº 1-4 2010 págs. 335 - 346
Autores: González Miqueo, Laura; Bermejo Orduna, Raúl; Parra Villaro, María Asunción; et al.
Título: Rural O3 levels in the Middle Ebro Basin during the plant growing season
ISSN 0049-6979 Vol. 206 Nº 1-4 2010 págs. 23 - 34
Autores: Foan, L.; Sablayrolles, C.; Elustondo Valencia, David; et al.
Título: Reconstructing historical trends of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon deposition in a remote area of Spain using herbarium moss material
ISSN 1352-2310 Vol. 44 Nº 26 2010 págs. 3207 - 3214
Autores: Pons Izquierdo, Juan José; Santamaría Ulecia, Jesús Miguel; Ariño Plana, Arturo; et al.
Título: Cartografía de la contaminación a través de sensores portátiles. El mapa de la calidad del aire urbano de Pamplona
Libro: Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica: perspectivas multidisciplinares en la sociedad del conocimiento
2018 págs. 414 - 423
La calidad del aire urbano es un aspecto muy relevante para el bienestar de los ciudadanos y está cada vez más presente en el debate social y político. Para contar con una atmósfera saludable en nuestras ciudades, resulta necesario disponer de información detallada sobre cómo se distribuye la contaminación en cada punto de la ciudad y no solo en torno a las cabinas de control de calidad del aire. En este contexto, se inscribe el proyecto LIFE+ RESPIRA (2014-2017), concebido como una iniciativa de ciencia ciudadana, en la que cerca de 150 ciclistas voluntarios han recorrido el área metropolitana de Pamplona a lo largo de dos años, equipados con captadores geolocalizados de diferentes tipos de contaminantes atmosféricos (CO , NOX, O3 y partículas en suspensión). A lo largo de ese tiempo, los voluntarios han recorrido unos 47.000 km en bicicleta, contribuyendo a obtener casi 150 millones de medidas en más de 4 millones de posiciones geolocalizadas a lo largo de las calles de la ciudad y sus alrededores, cubriendo la mayoría de las situaciones estacionales, horarias, climáticas y de tráfico de un año típico. Con toda esa ingente cantidad de información se ha podido realizar gran cantidad de mapas muy detallados de la calidad del aire, que han permitido modelizar el comportamiento de cada contaminante estudiado de acuerdo a las diferentes condiciones que se presentan.
Autores: Santamaría Elola, Carolina; Elustondo Valencia, David; Lasheras Adot, María Esther; et al.
Título: Air pollutants in the outdoor environment (NOx, SO2, VOCs, HAPs [CO, O3]
Libro: Chromatographic analysis of the environment : mass spectrometry based approaches
Autores: Santamaría Ulecia, Jesús Miguel (Editor); Ariño Plana, Arturo; León Anguiano, Bienvenido; et al.
Título: Medidas para reducir la exposición de los ciclistas a los principales contaminantes atmosféricos urbanos
Recoge los principales resultados generados durante la realización del proyecto LIFE+RESPIRA, llevado a cabo en la ciudad de Pamplona (Navarra, España) por un equipo interdisciplinar constituido por más de 30 investigadores pertenecientes a la Universidad de Navarra, el Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) y Gestión Ambiental de Navarra (GAN-NIK). El libro, que se ha publicado en castellano y en inglés, se ha dividido en 7 capítulos: 1. ¿Ciudades sostenibles? 2. Exposición de los ciudadanos a la contaminación atmosférica 3. Papel de la vegetación urbana en la calidad del aire 4. Modelos de alta resolución para evaluar la calidad del aire 5. Impactos de la contaminación urbana 6. Movilidad y sostenibilidad urbanas 7. Comunicación y educación ambiental. Este libro pretende ser una guía de utilidad para científicos, gestores y ciudadanos, aportando un conjunto de herramientas que permitan mejorar la calidad de vida de nuestras ciudades. Además, quiere rendir un homenaje a todos los voluntarios ciclistas que han participado en dicho proyecto y que son los verdaderos artífices del mismo, ya que gracias a su dedicación incondicional durante más de dos años, han proporcionado una cantidad ingente de datos sobre la calidad del aire de la ciudad de Pamplona.
Título: Reduction of exposure of cyclists to urban air pollution
This book collects the main outcomes that were generated during the implementation of the LIFE+RESPIRA project (LIFE13 ENV/ES/000417), carried out in the city of Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. The research was conducted by a cross-functional team made up of more than 30 researchers belonging to three entities: The University of Navarra, the Centre for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CIEMAT) and Environmental Management of Navarra (GAN-NIK).
ACTIVIDAD DOCENTE
Tratamiento y representación de informacion geográfica (MBPG).
Universidad de Navarra - Facultad de Ciencias.
Introducción al análisis experimental aplicado al medio ambiente y a la gestión (MBPG).
Paisajes Costeros y Fluviales (MBPG).
Paisajes Pirenaicos y Atlánticos (MBPG).
Paisajes mediterraneos, áridos y urbanos (MBPG).
Empresa y Medio Ambiente (MBPG).
Enviromental management and audit systems.


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text:
Byron Mallott: B.C. officials 'sincere' about safe mining
Ed Schoenfeld, CoastAlaska - Juneau
Lt. Gov. Byron Mallott says British Columbia officials seem "sincere" about protecting transboundary rivers near provincial mines.
Mallott met today with top officials from B.C.'s mines andenvironment agencies.
Many Alaskans are concerned about potential damage to Unuk, Stikine and Taku river fisheries if the mines release toxic materials. All start in B.C. and enter the ocean along the Southeast coast.
Mallott said the tone turned somber when they discussed the Mount Polley Mine, where a large dam collapsed last August, sending silt and mud into nearby waterways.
Alaska Lt. Gov. Byron Mallott, center, holds a press conference Monday with B.C. Mines Minister Bill Bennett and Environment Minister Mary Polak. (Photo courtesy British Columbia government)
"They were very serious about learning from the incident. They have made at least a ministerial … commitment that that type of accident will never occur again," he said in a cellphone call from the Victoria, B.C., airport.
Mallott visits the Mount Polley area this week as he meets with government officials, industry representatives and tribal leaders.
He said he talked with the mining and environment ministers about information collected in watersheds before mining starts. That can be compared to later data to measure pollution.
In B.C., that information is often gathered by mining companies.
"We talked a little bit about whether some of that data should be obtained by the respective governments themselves," he said.
Alaska Gov. Bill Walker earlier this year designated Mallott to lead an internal transboundary waters working group. It includes commissioners of the Departments of Environmental Conservation, Fish and Game, and Natural Resources.
Mallott also said B.C. Mining Minister Bill Bennett accepted an invitation to visit Southeast Alaska. Bennett promised a visit earlier this year, but it hasn't happened.
A delegation of Southeast Alaska tribal and environmental activists are also in British Columbia for what's called Mining Week. Some will cross paths with the lieutenant governor.
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Ed Schoenfeld is Regional News Director for CoastAlaska, a consortium of public radio stations in Ketchikan, Juneau, Sitka, Petersburg and Wrangell. He primarily covers Southeast Alaska regional topics, including the state ferry system, transboundary mining, the Tongass National Forest and Native corporations and issues. He has also worked as a manager, editor and reporter for the Juneau Empire newspaper and Juneau public radio station KTOO. He's also reported for commercial station KINY in Juneau and public stations KPFA in Berkley, WYSO in Yellow Springs, Ohio, and WUHY in Philadelphia. He's lived in Alaska since 1979 and is a contributor to Alaska Public Radio Network newscasts, the Northwest (Public Radio) News Network and National Native News. He is a board member of the Alaska Press Club. Originally from Cleveland, Ohio, he lives in Douglas.
Alaska Public Media > News > News Feed > Alaska Politics > Byron Mallott: B.C. officials 'sincere' about safe mining