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PG Study > All courses > Film, Television and Screen Industries MA
Film, Television and Screen Industries MA
Full-time: 12 months
Part-time: 24 months
Start date: September 2023
UK fees: £9,250
International fees: £21,500
Entry requirements: 2:1 (or international equivalent)
How to apply Postgraduate funding Make an enquiry
Develop the essential knowledge and skills needed for a career in one of the most exciting and growing sectors in the world's economy.
Designed using the expertise and insider knowledge provided by our industry partners.
Taught by our in-house experts who are engaged in cutting-edge industry-related projects.
The place and role of film and television industries within a wider network of production and consumption.
Key regulatory frameworks that shape production.
Relationships between film/television makers and producers/studios and related labour practices.
The impact of new technologies of consumption and their use by both audiences and makers.
The need to address industry challenges by collecting, analysing, synthesising and presenting information and ideas.
By the end of the course you'll be well placed to develop a career in fields such as:
studio operations
production development
international markets and regulations
Unique internship opportunities
We're the only MA programme in the UK that offers opportunities to apply for internships with leading US studios including Walt Disney Company. Current placement opportunities are confirmed annually.
Your department
Department of Cultural, Media and Visual Studies
Study in a department where 90% of our research environment is recognised as of world leading quality in the Research Excellence Framework 2021
Why choose this course?
Apply for internships
Apply for competitive Hollywood internships in leading studios and organisations, including Walt Disney Company.
Oscar and Emmy winners
Masterclasses and guest lectures with award winners and experts in key areas such as labour relations and technology development
Join a thriving postgraduate teaching and research community
Build skills, get careers advice and network with our Creative Student Network
You'll complete 180 credits worth of modules:
taught modules (120 credits) - covering the full spectrum of issues including development, audiences, marketing, regulation and practices
research project (60 credits) - focus on the area that interests you most
The programme can be taken either full-time over 12 months or part-time over 24 months.
You will carry out a year long research project that focusses on any aspect of the industry you choose.
Through the project you will develop advanced knowledge of the skillset, terminology and professional practices relevant to your main area of interest. You'll also develop materials and activities that demonstrate to industry employers the skills and potential you can bring to their organisation and projects.
You'll receive expert supervision and guidance from our experienced staff.
Investigating Cultural Industries
Explore the specific characteristics of the cultural industries and the main dynamics which shape the operations of those industries.
You will be introduced to key critical perspectives on the cultural industries:
the processes of cultural production
distinctions between cultural industries and 'creative industries'
the concept of 'cultural economy'
matters of industry structure and cultural markets
the specificities of cultural work and the challenges confronting employment in the cultural industries
the role and importance of intellectual property rights in the cultural industries
the impacts of digitalisation and globalisation.
This module is worth 20 credits.
This module considers the main processes and people involved in the development and production of screen content. In particular, it will cover the following areas: People (talent development and management); Ideas (development and content creation); Money (financing and assets); Places (global production trends).
Audiences and Consumption
Operating on a global scale, and with often large budgets at stake, the film, television and screen industries want to ensure their products reach the widest audience possible. They also want to be able to measure the size of these audiences.
You will explore the main processes and people involved in researching and managing screen audiences.
In particular, we'll cover:
Developing research for better industry solutions
Spaces and modes of consumption
Designing content for audiences
Distributing content to audiences
You'll explore the main processes and people involved in the global marketing of film, television and screen media and the associated promotional screen content.
In particular, we'll cover:
the companies and intermediaries that operate in the sector of marketing and promotion, their role and expertise
how marketing strategies are developed around screen content, and how this accounts for specific audiences and media environments
the textual and paratextual status of promotional content
the cultural or creative issues at stake in the production and distribution of this content
how marketing and promotion develops brand relationships/experiences/emotions
Markets and Regulation
All countries are different. What people are interested in, how they watch it, what governments allow and how they allow it.
You'll explore the make up of these markets and how they differ across the world. You will also examine the different regulations governments impose and how they relate to the local market.
We'll also look at how to find data about markets – historic, current and future trends.
This knowledge will put you in a strong position for work in the industry by understanding the challenges and opportunities faced by individuals and organisations working across global markets and regulatory frameworks.
Screen Industries Practices
The film, television and screen industries offer a huge variety of areas of practice. Show running, producing, directing, below-the-line practices, and guilds and professional organisations are integral parts of the industry but not always understood without insider knowledge.
Using a combination of our staff expertise and industry speakers we'll examine some of these areas and the many ways you can engage with them.
You'll explore what is available in terms of jobs and employment, but also the debates and challenges they can face, such as gender bias and lack of diversity.
Running in the Spring semester, you'll be able to focus on a particular area of practice that you've developed an interest in through your studies in the Autumn semester.
The above is a sample of the typical modules we offer but is not intended to be construed and/or relied upon as a definitive list of the modules that will be available in any given year. Modules (including methods of assessment) may change or be updated, or modules may be cancelled, over the duration of the course due to a number of reasons such as curriculum developments or staffing changes. Please refer to the module catalogue for information on available modules. This content was last updated on Thursday 10 November 2022.
Taught modules - you'll take three in each of the Autumn and Spring semesters
Research project - you will develop this over the Autumn and Spring semesters and complete and write up over the summer
Taught modules - you'll take three per year. There is flexibility over which are taken each year (subject to timetable scheduling)
Research project - you will work on this throughout the course with final completion and writing up in the summer of the second year
Teaching and learning may be both in-person and online.
Most scheduled time is in workshops. The format varies according to the activity - typically lectures, task-based contributions and group work.
You may also take part in masterclasses from industry professionals and work through real-life case studies.
Online teaching will be in Moodle, the university's 24/7 virtual learning environment. It holds materials such as additional reading, lecture recordings, seminar tasks, online quizzes to assess learning and discussion forums.
How you will be assessed
Most modules are assessed through coursework. Your research project will be an extended piece of work with the potential to tailor the output to the specific topic.
You must pass each module with a minimum pass grade of 50%.
Contact time and study hours
The nature of an advanced course is that you take greater responsibility for your learning than at undergraduate level. As well as scheduled teaching you'll carry out extensive self-study such as reading set academic texts, preparation for seminar tasks, and writing assessments.
A 20 credit module typically involves weekly work of:
two to three hours of workshops (which may include lectures or group work)
approximately 10 hours of self-study time.
Your lecturers will usually be permanent academic staff from the Department of Cultural, Media and Visual Studies.
Class sizes can vary but are typically between 15 and 30 students.
All candidates are considered on an individual basis and we accept a broad range of qualifications. The entrance requirements below apply to 2023 entry.
Home / UK students
EU / International students
Undergraduate degree2:1 (or international equivalent)
International and EU equivalentsWe accept a wide range of qualifications from all over the world.
For information on entry requirements from your country, see our country pages.
IELTS7.0 (no less than 6.0 in any element)
English language requirementsAs well as IELTS (listed above), we also accept other English language qualifications. This includes TOEFL iBT, Pearson PTE, GCSE, IB and O level English.
Meeting our English language requirements
If you need support to meet the required level, you may be able to attend a presessional English course. Presessional courses teach you academic skills in addition to English language. Our Centre for English Language Education is accredited by the British Council for the teaching of English in the UK.
If you successfully complete your presessional course to the required level, you can then progress to your degree course. This means that you won't need to retake IELTS or equivalent.
For on-campus presessional English courses, you must take IELTS for UKVI to meet visa regulations. For online presessional courses, see our CELE webpages for guidance
Visa restrictions
International students must have valid UK immigration permissions for any courses or study period where teaching takes place in the UK. Student route visas can be issued for eligible students studying full-time courses. The University of Nottingham does not sponsor a student visa for students studying part-time courses. The Standard Visitor visa route is not appropriate in all cases. Please contact the university's Visa and Immigration team if you need advice about your visa options.
We recognise that applicants have a variety of experiences and follow different pathways to postgraduate study.
We treat all applicants with alternative qualifications on an individual basis. We may also consider relevant work experience.
If you are unsure whether your qualifications or work experience are relevant, contact us.
Our step-by-step guide covers everything you need to know about applying.
Where you will learn
Hallward library
In addition to its extensive collections of books, journals, DVDs and videos, the library holds a large collection of historical cinema pressbooks, and subscribes to major film and entertainment databases.
It also houses a purpose-designed screening room as well as viewing stations for in-library viewing of DVD, video and other screen media.
University-wide facilities
Technology: MyNottingham app; full campus wi-fi; personal laptop repair; online, face-to-face and telephone support.
Libraries: extensive print and online resources; 24/7 opening; study support; laptop loans; assistive technology
Manuscripts and Special Collections: rare and specialised documents, books, photos and posters used for teaching and research. Collections include Soviet War posters, DH Lawrence, rare medical records and much, much more!
The Language Centre
Broaden your career and travel options by learning a language alongside your degree. We offer Arabic, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin Chinese, Russian and Spanish.
Classes are available from beginner level (all languages) to near-native speaker competence (in some languages) in 10 credit, semester-long modules. But don't worry if your timetable is full, you can learn at your own pace in our self-access centre or attend our evening classes.
Digital Transformations Hub
As a researcher you have full access to the Digital Transformations Hub and can use our equipment and software for free.
Home / UK £9,250
International £21,500
Additional information for international students
If you are a student from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you may be asked to complete a fee status questionnaire and your answers will be assessed using guidance issued by the UK Council for International Student Affairs (UKCISA) .
These fees are for full-time study. If you are studying part-time, you will be charged a proportion of this fee each year (subject to inflation).
All students will need at least one device to approve security access requests via Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA). We also recommend students have a suitable laptop to work both on and off-campus. For more information, please check the equipment advice.
There are no extra compulsory fees to be paid beyond your standard tuition fees.
You'll be able to access most of the books you'll need through our libraries, though you may wish to buy your own copies of core texts. The Blackwell's bookshop on campus offers a year-round price match against any of the main retailers (i.e. Amazon, Waterstones, WH Smith). They also offer second-hand books, as students from previous years sell their copies back to the bookshop.
Should you be selected for one of the prestigious Hollywood internships, you will have to cover living costs while in the US.
Routes into Masters scholarships
Aimed at UK-based students intending to progress on to PhD research with the Midlands4Cities programme. The scholarships cover:
the equivalent of home tuition fees for the Faculty of Arts
a stipend of £9000
School of Cultures, Languages and Area Studies Masters scholarships
Aimed at UK and international students intending to progress on to PhD research. The scholarships cover:
There are many ways to fund your postgraduate course, from scholarships to government loans.
We also offer a range of international masters scholarships for high-achieving international scholars who can put their Nottingham degree to great use in their careers.
Check our guide to find out more about funding your postgraduate degree.
We offer individual careers support for all postgraduate students.
Expert staff can help you research career options and job vacancies, build your CV or résumé, develop your interview skills and meet employers.
Each year 1,100 employers advertise graduate jobs and internships through our online vacancy service. We host regular careers fairs, including specialist fairs for different sectors.
International students who complete an eligible degree programme in the UK on a student visa can apply to stay and work in the UK after their course under the Graduate immigration route. Eligible courses at the University of Nottingham include bachelors, masters and research degrees, and PGCE courses.
Graduate destinations
This course will provide you with the skills and knowledge that studios, film/television makers, organisations and other relevant industry bodies have highlighted as essential to the industry.
This programme was designed in consultation with industry organisations and leading professionals. As a consequence, we expect students to find employment in all areas of industry operations, including, though not exclusively:
Production (development)
Marketing (digital, print)
Acquisitions (production slates development, identifying relevant films/TV programmes to purchase and distribute)
International (analysis of international markets, addressing cultural and regulatory issues involved in international agreements and collaborations)
Labour relations and education (developing training and other education opportunities for professionals, working with craft guilds and organisations)
We also expect that some students will go on to develop their ideas further with a research degree.
Three arts masters students share what they got out of their advanced study.
66.7% of postgraduates from The School of Cultural Media and Visual Studies secured graduate level employment or further study within 15 months of graduation.*
*HESA Graduate Outcomes 2019/20 data published in 2022. The Graduate Outcomes % is derived using The Guardian University Guide methodology.
You will have the opportunity to apply (on a competitive basis) for internships in leading studios and organisations in Hollywood and the UK.
" During my masters, I was on the executive committee for two student societies. Although this was a big commitment, it was thoroughly worth it. I gained first-hand experience of creating and executing marketing materials and campaigns. "
Laura Estrop, Film ,Television and Screen Industries MA
Film and Television Studies MRes
Join a research programme with international scope, and industry expertise across film, television, media and cultural studies.
International Media and Communication Studies MA
Develop in-depth knowledge of the current international media and communications landscape.
Visual Culture MRes
Follow your passions through sophisticated research into visual culture
Cultural Industries and Entrepreneurship MSc
Combine critical understanding of the cultural industries with the development of key business skills in this distinctive masters programme.
Cultural Studies MRes
International connections and research expertise in modern cultural studies
This content was last updated on Thursday 10 November 2022. Every effort has been made to ensure that this information is accurate, but changes are likely to occur given the interval between the date of publishing and course start date. It is therefore very important to check this website for any updates before you apply.
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text:
Marqués de la Pica  es un título nobiliario español expedido por el rey Carlos II el 18 de julio de 1684 al maestre de campo Francisco Bravo de Saravia y Ovalle, Alcalde de Santiago de Chile, debido a los buenos servicios prestados en Chile en las guerras de Arauco. Felipe V concedió la perpetuidad de este título a Francisco Bravo de Saravia tiempo después.

Su nombre se refiere al pueblo español de La Pica, actualmente despoblado y perteneciente al término de Tajahuerce, en la provincia de Soria. Al título se adjuntaban en algún tiempo mayorazgos y propiedades en Chile y España, como la Gran Hacienda de Pullally, cuya costa corresponde a lo que hoy es Papudo, balneario fundado por el quinto titular del marquesado.

Nota
Vale hacer notar que los títulos de nobleza fueron abolidos en Chile, durante el gobierno de Bernardo O'Higgins, actualmente su uso oficial en el territorio nacional se encuentra derogados tanto para ciudadanos chilenos como para todos los habitantes.

Al casarse la segunda titular del marquesado con un miembro de la familia Irarrázaval (además de ser su primo hermano), el título pasa a manos de esta familia chilena.

Al quinto titular le fue rehabilitado el título el 10 de noviembre de 1913, luego de cuatro generaciones sin ostentarlo. Después de la muerte del sexto titular del marquesado, el hermano de este, Francisco Yrarrázabal Fernández, revalidó el título el 20 de febrero de 1988. Este último, por cesión, entregó el título a su hijo Francisco Irarrázaval Mackenna, hecho efectuado ante la justicia española el 28 de abril de 1992. Sin embargo, el VI Marqués de la Pica había dejado descendencia, por lo que su nieto, hijo de Fernando Irarrázaval Correa, obtuvo finalmente el título por tener mejor derecho, convirtiéndose en 1998, en el noveno marqués de la Pica.

Marqueses de la Pica

Historia de los Marqueses de la Pica

 Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle (1628-1703), I marqués de la Pica.
Casó con Marcela Sáenz de Henestrosa. Fueron padres de:

-Jerónimo Bravo de Saravia y Sáenz de Henestrosa, que casó con Catalina de Iturrizarra y Gómez del Castillo, cuya hija, por tanto nieta del primer marqués fue:

 Marcela Bravo de Saravia Iturrizarra (1678-1752), II marquesa de la Pica. Le sucedió su hijo:

 Miguel de Irarrázaval y Bravo de Saravia (1706- ? ), III marqués de la Pica.
Casó con Francisca Portales y Meneses. Le sucedió su hijo:

 José Santiago de Irarrázaval y Portales (1734-1824), IV marqués de la Pica.
Casó con María de las Mercedes del Solar y Lecaros.
Casó, en segundad nupcias, con Ana Josefa Fernández de Palazuelos y Martínez de Aldunate.

Rehabilitado en 1913 por:

 Fernando Irarrázaval Mackenna (1862-1940), V marqués de la PicaCasó con María de las Mercedes Fernández y Bascuñán. Le sucedió, en 1946, su hijo:

 Fernando Irarrázaval Fernández (1901-1966), VI marqués de la PicaCasó con Olga Correa de Saa y Pereira. Le sucedió, por rehabilitación, su hermano:Rehabilitado en 1988 por:

 Francisco Irarrázaval Fernández (n. en 1905), VII marqués de la Pica, hermano del sexto marqués. Le sucedió su hijo:

 Francisco Irarrázaval Mackenna, VIII marqués de la Pica. Le sucedió, de Fernando Irarrázaval Correa de Saa, hijo del sexto marqués que había casado con María Teresa Eyzaguirre Edwards, el hijo de ambos:

 Fernando Irarrázaval Eyzaguirre, IX marqués de la Pica
Casó con Paula Gutiérrez Erlandsen.

Véase también

 Palacio del Marqués de la Pica de Soria

Referencias

. B.O.E. Marqués de la Pica.

Bibliografía consultada
 de la Cerda, José Miguel, Retamal Favereau, Julio y otros, 1993, Familias Fundadoras de Chile. Vol. I. 1540-1600, Santiago de Chile, Editorial Zig-Zag.

Véase también
 Nobleza en Chile

Pica
Nobleza de Chile
Títulos nobiliarios de la provincia de Soria
Historia colonial de Chile

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Robert J. McKennon Recognized as 2015 "Super Lawyer"
McKennon Law Group PC is proud to announce that its founding shareholder Robert J. McKennon has been recognized as one of Southern California's "Super Lawyers" and appears in the 2015 edition of Southern California Super Lawyers magazine published today. Mr. McKennon has received this designation every year since 2011.
Each year, Super Lawyers magazine, which is published in all 50 states and reaches more than 14 million readers, names attorneys in each state who attain a high degree of peer recognition and professional achievement. The Super Lawyer designation is given to less than 5% of lawyers nationally after being nominated and voted on by their peers.
In addition, the American Society of Legal Advocates has recognized Mr. McKennon as one of the top 100 Insurance lawyers in the State of California for 2015. The American Society of Legal Advocates is an invitation-only, nationwide organization of top lawyers in practice today who combine excellent legal credentials with a proven commitment to community engagement and the highest professional standards.
Mr. McKennon was also awarded the designation of 2015 "Top Rated Lawyer in Insurance Law and Coverage" by American Lawyer Media and Martindale Hubbell, leading providers of news and rating information to the legal industry.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


These qualities are central to our mission at Smart Sparrow, and are always on our minds — especially so at this time of year, as first-years begin their studies in Australia, and seniors across the US approach graduation. Our two finalist projects are designed to help both new and culminating students succeed in their academic pursuits and beyond.
In this final round of the Learning Impact Awards, the full education and edtech communities are invited to learn more about the finalist projects and vote on their potential impact.
Take a peek at our submissions below — if you agree that these innovative projects will enhance access to great educational experiences, and leverage technology to break down barriers to student success, please rate the projects each a 5 and share our entries with your colleagues!
Vote now, before judging ends on Wednesday, May 23, 2018.
Chemistry is a field in which researchers and students alike explore and test their understanding through experimentation. Unfortunately, "learning by doing" in the traditional sense presents many limitations to instructors and learners, from limited time to complete labs, to financial burden, to safety concerns, and more. For distance learners, these limitations are even more pronounced.
OSU and Smart Sparrow are creating "Lab Builder", a tool instructors can use to build custom virtual lab environments, as well as 27 fully-online chemistry labs with realistic, interactive simulations and lab manuals.
The Online Chemistry Labs utilize visually-stunning simulations and support blended and fully-online chemistry courses. The Lab Builder tool will enable instructors to easily customize experiment scenarios using different lab apparatus and chemicals to meet different learning goals, then deploy them to students via Smart Sparrow's platform or their LMS. Both Lab Builder and the online labs will be available to all OSU faculty, and later to other institutions.
These labs will greatly scale access to high-quality laboratory experiences to meet the needs of a more diversified range of students. The content supports students' development of key competencies, and allows them to practice critical skills in a zero-risk environment. On-ground learners can use these labs to prepare for in-person experimentation, while online students gain access to previously-impossible lab experiences. With Online Interactive Chemistry Labs, students get the chance to learn and fully explore chemistry in a project-based environment, inspiring self-guided learning.
TAFE NSW, Australia's largest vocational education and training provider, strives to prepare students for today's working world, in which more and more jobs require digital literacy. This goal has been aided by a proliferation of online learning, which is opening new doors to remote, rural, and non-traditional students, but online courses still require students to have certain digital skills in order to participate.
"Digital Skills" is an innovative online course created by TAFE NSW that is freely available to all TAFE students. Learners 16–70 years of age develop digital confidence and acquire basic digital proficiencies and skills to help them enter and excel in today's workforce. Skills include setting up a computer, installing software, connecting devices, managing safety and security, using web-based tools, and more.
The Digital Skills course uses adaptive technology by Smart Sparrow to create an engaging visual experience, provide hands-on practice, deliver real-time personalized guidance, and assess mastery. The course tracks learner performance against key competencies needed to succeed in today's workforce and/or complete additional online courses.
As TAFE NSW implements the Digital Skills course to prepare learners for success in digital work and online courses, students can feel more confident entering today's workforce and instructors can focus their time on the core learning goals of their courses.
With this new digital student resource, TAFE expects to see increased completion rates in TAFE Digital courses, more effective teaching by instructors, and improved employment rates for graduates.


Delivering an exceptional patient experience helps make Memorial Hermann Cancer Centers a premier community cancer network. Memorial Hermann knows that the relationship between the cancer patient, primary care physician, oncologist and cancer specialists is critical.
Our entire cancer-care team is available to provide emotional support during the course of each patient's treatment. Specially trained oncology nurses, dietitians and social workers work with our physicians to assist our patients through recovery and healing.
We're committed to providing patients with the information and support they need to make informed decisions that increase their chances of living long, productive lives. Our patient-centered services promote education, early detection and positive outcomes.


text:
The 2010 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational was a golf tournament held August 5–8 over the South Course at Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio. It was the 12th WGC-Bridgestone Invitational tournament, and the third of four World Golf Championships events held in 2010.

Hunter Mahan won with a score of 64 (−6) on Sunday to finish at 268 (−12), two strokes ahead of runner-up Ryan Palmer.

Field
1. Playing members of the 2009 United States and International Presidents Cup teams.

Ángel Cabrera (3,4), Stewart Cink (2,3,4), Tim Clark (3,4,5), Ernie Els (3,4,5), Jim Furyk (2,3,4,5), Lucas Glover (3,4), Retief Goosen (3,4), Ryo Ishikawa, Zach Johnson (3,4,5), Anthony Kim (2,3,4,5), Justin Leonard (2), Hunter Mahan (2,3,4,5), Phil Mickelson (2,3,4,5), Geoff Ogilvy (3,4,5), Sean O'Hair (3,4), Kenny Perry (2,3,4), Adam Scott (3,4,5), Vijay Singh, Steve Stricker (2,3,4,5), Camilo Villegas (3,4,5), Mike Weir, Tiger Woods (3,4,5), Yang Yong-eun (3,4,5)

(Robert Allenby (3,4,5,6) withdrew prior to the start of the tournament with a knee injury.)

2. Playing members of the 2008 United States and European Ryder Cup teams.

Chad Campbell, Paul Casey (3,4), Ben Curtis, Sergio García (3,4), Søren Hansen, Pádraig Harrington (3,4), J. B. Holmes, Miguel Ángel Jiménez (3,4,5), Robert Karlsson (3,4,5), Graeme McDowell (3,4,5), Ian Poulter (3,4,5), Justin Rose (3,4,5), Henrik Stenson (3,4), Boo Weekley, Lee Westwood (3,4,5), Oliver Wilson

3. The top 50 players from the Official World Golf Ranking as of July 26, 2010.

K. J. Choi (4,6), Ben Crane (4,5), Rhys Davies (4), Luke Donald (4,5), Ross Fisher (4,5), Rickie Fowler (4), Peter Hanson, Dustin Johnson (4,5), Martin Kaymer (4,5), Matt Kuchar (4,5), Rory McIlroy (4,5), Edoardo Molinari (4,5), Francesco Molinari (4), Ryan Moore (4,5), Louis Oosthuizen (4,5), Álvaro Quirós (4), Charl Schwartzel (4), Bo Van Pelt (4), Scott Verplank (4), Nick Watney (4)

4. The top 50 players from the Official World Golf Ranking as of August 2, 2010.

Jeff Overton

5. Tournament winners of worldwide events since the prior year's tournament with an Official World Golf Ranking Strength of Field Rating of 115 points or more.

Stuart Appleby, Jason Bohn, Grégory Bourdy, Jason Day, Simon Dyson, Marcus Fraser, Bill Haas, David Horsey, Michael Jonzon, Simon Khan, James Kingston, Martin Laird, Troy Matteson, Ross McGowan, Alex Norén, Ryan Palmer, Heath Slocum, Bubba Watson

(Carl Pettersson qualified but did not play.)

6. The winner of selected tournaments from each of the following tours:
Japan Golf Tour: Japan Golf Tour Championship (2010) – Katsumasa Miyamoto
Japan Golf Tour: Bridgestone Open (2009) – Yuta Ikeda
PGA Tour of Australasia: Australian PGA Championship (2009) – Robert Allenby, also qualified in categories 1, 3, 4 and 5
Sunshine Tour: Vodacom Championship (2010) – Hennie Otto
Asian Tour: Iskandar Johor Open (2009) – K. J. Choi, also qualified in categories 3 and 4

Source

Past champions in the field

Source:

Round summaries

First round
Thursday, August 5, 2010

Source:

Second round
Friday, August 6, 2010

Source:

Third round
Saturday, August 7, 2010

Source:

Final round
Sunday, August 8, 2010

Source:

Scorecard
Final round

Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par

Source:

References

External links
Coverage from the European Tour's official site
About event

WGC Invitational
WGC-Bridgestone Invitational
WGC-Bridgestone Invitational
WGC-Bridgestone Invitational


text:
Home / Grenadier Militaria Online Shop / WW2 Luftwaffe Fallschirmjäger Cloth Badge
View basket "WW2 Luftwaffe Fallschirmjäger Cloth Badge" has been added to your basket.
WW2 Luftwaffe Fallschirmjäger Cloth Badge
A WW2 Luftwaffe Fallschirmjäger Cloth Badge machine embroidered in gold-colored and silvery thread on blue-grey wool. The badge is in good condition, with slight aging.
WW2 Luftwaffe Fallschirmjäger Cloth Badge quantity
Categories: WW2 German Air force (Luftwaffe), WW2 German Third Reich Tags: Airborne & Special Forces, Badges & Insignia
WW2 Luftwaffe Fallschirmjäger Badge
The Parachutist Badge (Fallschirmschützenabzeichen) was awarded to qualified parachutists of the Wehrmacht and the Waffen-SS. The badge was instituted by Hermann Göring on 5 November 1936. It was originally awarded to Luftwaffe personnel after completion of the required number of six jumps.
The badge depicted a diving eagle with a swastika in its claws surrounded by a silver wreath. The original construction was made of "gold-finished bronze" for the eagle and "oxidized silver plate" for the laurel leaves. In 1937, the construction of the badge changed to aluminum. In late 1942, the construction was changed again to a metal alloy. A cloth version of the badge was also authorized in 1937, to be worn on a flight jacket.
An army version (Fallschirmschützen-Abzeichen des Heeres) was later introduced on the 1 September 1937, with the swastika relocated to the top of the wreath and surmounted by a smaller upright eagle. As with the Luftwaffe, a recipient had to re-qualify for the badge each year. In 1936, the army ordered the institution of its own parachute company, which was expanded to a battalion in 1938. When the army parachute units were transferred over to the Luftwaffe in 1939, the former army soldiers continued to wear the army version of the Parachutist badge. The Waffen-SS personnel of the 500, 501 or 502 SS-Parachute Battalions were awarded the Luftwaffe badge after they passed the jump and other test requirements.
Fallschirmjäger Badge by Assmann L/64
Original late war Luftwaffe Fallschirmjäger Badge by Assmann constructed in zinc. The obverse depicts an oval laurel and oak leaf wreath, with a diving eagle clutching a swastika. The reverse is stamped with LDO code L/64, and portrays classic die-struck injection mold signs with classic makers mark "A" by Assmann & Söhne, Lüdenscheid, and "2" which represents the second of four dies used by Assmann. The vertical hinge and catch have been die-cast which was done to simplify the process, the badge is in very good condition.
Luftwaffe Observer Badge By Assmann
An early Luftwaffe Observer Badge By Assmann, two-part construction in tombak. The obverse of this desirable award has a nice dark silver finish with a beautiful patina, and the bold eagle, and swastika retain its original finish. The reverse of the Luftwaffe Observer Badge is clearly marked with the maker's logo "A" for the firm of F. W. Assmann & Söhne in Lüdenscheid, with a vertical pin assembly and barrel hinge, round wire catch, and two large spun rivets. This decoration weighs 44 grams, and has no damage or repairs in very good condition.
Product ID: 7113 £1,250.00
Fallschirmjäger Division M43 Cap Badge
A rare Fallschirmjäger Division M43 Cap Badge, constructed in enamel with a stylised parachute in the german colours black, white, and red which was worn of the left-hand side of the Luftwaffe M43 feldmutze during the Italian campaign. The reverse has a classic safety pin assembly, measuring 26mm x 16mm, complete with the issued packaging made by "stabilimento G. Bregonzio, Milano", in mint condition.


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Economy|Food
Poorer nations in Asia, Africa, Middle East face food crisis: UN
Egypt, Turkey, Bangladesh and Iran buy 60 percent of their wheat from Russia and Ukraine, according to the United Nations food agency.
FAO cautioned that if the conflict triggers a 'sudden and prolonged reduction' in food exports by Ukraine and Russia, it could further drive up pressure on international commodity prices 'to the detriment of economically vulnerable countries' [File: Vitaly Timkiv/Reuters]
Poorer countries in northern Africa, Asia and the Middle East that depend heavily on wheat imports risk suffering significant food insecurity because of Russia's war in Ukraine, and the conflict is poised to drive up already soaring food prices in much of the globe, the UN food agency warned Friday.
Ukraine and Russia, which is under heavy economic sanctions for invading its neighbour two weeks ago, account for one-third of global grain exports.
With the conflict's intensity and duration uncertain, "the likely disruptions to agricultural activities of these two major exporters of staple commodities could seriously escalate food insecurity globally, when international food and input prices are already high and vulnerable," said Qu Dongyu, director-general of the Rome-based Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
The UN agency also noted that Russia is the lead producer of fertilizer, and a key fertilizer component — urea — has jumped more than threefold in price in the last 12 months.
Also worrisome, Qu said in a statement, is the uncertainty over whether Ukraine's farmers will be able to harvest wheat ready in June. In Ukraine, "massive population displacement has reduced the number of agricultural laborers and workers. Accessing agricultural fields would be difficult," Qu noted.
Even if they could, Ukraine's ports on the Black Sea are shuttered and its government this week banned the export of wheat, oats, millet, buckwheat and some other food products to prevent a crisis in its own country and stabilize the market.
Ukraine's export ban does not apply to its major global supplies corn and sunflower oil. It and Russia together account for 52 percent of the world's sunflower oil export market. They also account for 19 percent of the world's barley supply, 14 percent of wheat and 4 percent of corn.
"It is still unclear whether (other) exporters would be able to fill this gap," Qu said, warning that wheat inventories are already running low in Canada.
The United States, Argentina and other wheat-producing nations are likely to limit exports as governments seek to ensure domestic supply, he said.
Adding to the pressure, countries that rely on wheat from Russia and Ukraine are likely to increase import levels. Egypt, Turkey, Bangladesh and Iran buy 60 percent of their wheat from Russia and Ukraine. Also heavily reliant on those two countries' wheat exports are Lebanon, Tunisia, Yemen, Libya and Pakistan.
"Supply chain and logistical disruptions on Ukrainian and Russian grain and oilseed production and restrictions on Russia's exports will have significant food security repercussions," Qu said.
FAO cautioned that if the conflict triggers a "sudden and prolonged reduction" in food exports by Ukraine and Russia, it could further drive up pressure on international commodity prices "to the detriment of economically vulnerable countries". The UN agency said its simulations suggest that "the global number of undernourished people could increase by 8 to 13 million" in 2022-2023, particularly in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and North Africa.
Shortfalls in grain and sunflower seed exports by Ukraine and Russia might only be able to be partially compensated by alternative sources, FAO said.
"Worryingly, the resulting global supply gap could push up international food and feed prices by 8 to 22 percent above their already elevated levels," FAO's report said.
According to FAO figures, food prices reached an all-time high in February. The COVID-19 pandemic already had a major effect on global food security, Qu said.
During 2021, global prices of wheat and barley rose 31 percent and rapeseed and sunflower oil prices jumped by more than 60 percent. Wheat prices have surged more than 50 percent since a week before the invasion.
Some consumers are already feeling the effects of a drop-off in exports as well as steep prices. In Italy, supermarkets in Tuscany and Sardinia are limiting sales of sunflower seed oil to two containers per customer, Italian state TV said. Spanish supermarkets are also rationing sunflower oil.
While the Italian diet is associated with olive oil, sunflower oil is used commercially to produce mayonnaise, sauces and some processed foods. Italian importers of the seed for processing into oil say their supply has already dried up.


Phase I study of cord blood-derived natural killer cells combined with autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma.
Shah N et al. Br J Haematol. 2017 Mar 14. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14570. [Epub ahead of print].
A phase 1 trial of the HDAC inhibitor AR-42 in patients with multiple myeloma and T- and B-cell lymphomas.
Sborov DW et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 2017 Mar 7:1-9. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1298751. [Epub ahead of print].


Laundry in the morning. I washed the new clothes we got from Costco!
Made breakfast while she fell asleep in the ergo.
Got Everett dressed while Lyla still napped.
She woke up and played at the window.
Here are some of Allan's pumpkins.
And unfortunately the corn died during an early freeze we had.
Everett loved looking at the veggies Allan and the other kids pulled.
Here he is happily showing off his playdoh. This kid LOVES playdoh!
There were some spiders and ladybugs on some of the vegetables!
The people who worked hard that day!
Poor Everett begs me to hold him all the time and I'm almost always holding Lyla instead. Since I was wearing her I could pick him up and he was really happy about that!
I'd noticed that Lyla was warm all day and took her temperature with a new thermometer since the kids broke my old one.
That night I was up late with Lyla who was really cranky. I snapped these pictures before finally heading to bed.
It wasn't long before I woke up… Lyla tossed and turned and cried and cried. I finally got up to just walk with her and rock her. She was burning up so I took her temperature again. It was 103. I don't usually give my babies tylenol or motrin for fevers because I am a believer in letting fevers run their course but she was not sleeping at all and I knew that she'd get better faster if she could sleep more so I attempted to give her baby tylenol. Problem is Lyla throws up everything (even many foods!), when she gags on new tastes and sure enough- one drop of tylenol hit her tongue and she immediately projectile vomited!! Oh but it didn't stop there! I had set off her barf alarm and she threw up twice more! She throws up so so so much when she doesn't like a taste! I'd JUST nursed her for like five hours straight too so she was full of milk and there was a whooooole lot of vomit. Luckily it was mostly milk so it wasn't really gross but unluckily it got all over her and me and the bed which meant baths for her and me and an entire load of bedding laundry!!
The GOOD news is her nighttime bath cooled her down significantly and she was able to sleep much better. So from 3am until 7am or so she slept decently well. She tossed and turned and I didn't sleep much but she didn't cry much and she got some good sleep.
Here's a problem I ran into. I bought two new thermometers and they each give me totally different temperatures each time! The one below seems to be closest since it matches our regular body temperatures when we're not sick so I use that to go by.
Everett has decided that climbing up on the TV stand all day every day is his favorite thing to do. I tell him to climb down every single time and he does. And then immediately climbs back up. There is no controlling a 3 year old!
Me and the kids played Uno.
Lyla did what she does always… ruins everything we do. haha!
Notice her tears? Payson had taken cards from her that she was wrinkling up and that made her sad.
Sierra won the first game!
I've been looking into things to use to cosleep with Lyla in because sleeping on the bed is unsafe (she rolls off) and I tried this toddler tent. It worked okay except that it was uncomfortable for me because I didn't fit!
I let the kids play in the tent since I don't use it for sleeping.
Ember won the second game!
Brooklyn won the third game!
Payson won the fourth game!
And Brooklyn won the fifth game!
So then the kids all goofed off holding up fingers about games they'd won.
The kids ask me so often to take dozens and dozens of pictures of them being silly and doing funny faces. We have hundreds and hundreds. I usually don't post them but here are a few.
I spent a full hour putting Lyla to sleep for a nap. But then she slept for 45 minutes!
Lyla can climb up on my office chair now! Darn.
Everett sat in his toy box and it fell over and he cracked up.
Everett is obsessed with peanut butter. It's his favorite food.
I cosleep with Lyla but she's old enough to try to climb off the bed. I could put my mattress on the floor but I am afraid of hobo spiders since they have those here. They've never been in our house but I'm still afraid of them and so instead I bought this pop up mosquito net tent on Amazon and I sleep in here with Lyla. It keeps her from rolling away from me at night. If I manage to get her to sleep in there during the day I still have to sit on the bed next to her because without my weight on it she can push it off the bed. But anyway, this is the net I love!
My kids love playing board games and their favorite is Monopoly!
These three are very clingy little kiddos.
I got Lyla to sleep out of my arms! This is really rare! Since I have to stay on the bed to keep an eye on her I pulled out my scrapbook stuff to catch up.
Not to long later she woke up and crawled over to see what I was up to.
Road Trip to Washington part 2!
Lyla had a huge blowout diaper all over her and me in the car on the way there!! I remember sitting there like, how the heck do I even manage this right now!? We both need a bath and we're in the middle of a road trip! I managed thanks to a hundred wipes and an outfit change for her.
Because we weren't going to stay for a long time this trip we met up with my mom that morning before going to the hospital to see my dad. Lyla by this time was really starting to warm up to her family and she loved sitting with grandma! So cute!!
Thank goodness for google maps on my phone. It was really difficult finding the hospital where my dad was having surgery.
I breastfed Lyla in the car again.
I didn't take many pictures in the hospital, in fact I only snapped some at the end before we went home. It was a very emotional time for me. I might've even went to the parking garage at one point to have a total breakdown and cry by my car.
I asked Allan to get a picture of me with my brothers. We were the only three still there and I kicked myself a bit for not getting a picture with my sisters when they were there. They'd been there all day.
Spur of the Moment Road Trip to Washington!!
I didn't overbuy for this trip because I knew we'd be going back there often this year to see my dad, but what I did get was well received by the kids. I got them Trolls coloring books and Allan got them each a new Trolls toy.
We stopped at Burger King for lunch and Everett got a DJ Suki toy. He was really excited about it the whole trip. It's kind of his and Allan's "thing." Everett says "DJ Suki" really cute so Allan loves that he likes DJ Suki and got the toy because then Everett talks about his DJ Suki more often and it's cute!
I got a cheeseburger and nursed Lyla while I ate it!
We forgot to order water in the drive thru at Burger King. We'd drive to a different parking lot to eat because there was more privacy there for me to breastfeed Lyla and there was a McDonald's there. So Allan got water for everyone in McDonald's and also got me and him a mcflurry! Yes, I approve!
I gave Lyla some time out of her carseat and sitting upright to burp.
Water!! Most times they do get milk or apple juice but we really wanted water cups to refill for the rest of the trip so water it was!
Breastfeeding Lyla again in Ellensburg.
Because we knew how difficult this sudden trip and hearing about their grandpa would be on the kids we had made new CDs of music for the road trip and we played songs (the soundtrack to Moana was the biggest hit with them) and sang along and danced in the car and were really silly and upbeat.
We got to Everett (the city I was born in and what Everett is named after!) which is where out hotel was and needed to get dinner. We decided to go get french bread, meat, and cheese at Fred Meyer for dinner instead of restaurant food. While there I got toothbrushes and toothpaste. I didn't forget them, I just thought we were about due for new stuff anyway and it'd be easy to grab them while in Washington.
Happy group! The road trip had gone so freaking well and we were all happy and excited!
Oh yeah, I'll just throw this anecdote in here: Allan told Everett we were in Everett, that the place was called Everett. We were standing outside the hotel at the time so he thought Allan meant the hotel and every time we'd talk about the hotel Everett would say "Everett hotel" and get a huge kick out of it. It was really fun!
We went over to my dad's house. My sister and her daughter were there, and my brother and his wife and their three kids live there. I introduced Lyla to everyone for the first time. Lyla was not excited about meeting her family. She's SO shy!!
Months and months ago I'd asked my dad if he had any pictures from my childhood because I don't have hardly any and he had put together a big stack of all the photos he has. This was the first time I'd visited since he'd gathered them so he gave me them while I was there. I was so excited to look through them with everyone! Wow, so many pictures I'd never seen or didn't remember! I scanned them all before returning the stack to him so I'll post some sometime.
I got to meet my nephew, Elex. He is two months younger than Lyla but much taller and weighs probably ten pounds more! haha. It's funny because most of my babies have been super chunky but Lyla is my teeny baby, at the bottom of the charts small! Holding them at the same time was so fun! I love my nephew!
I told Allan he should hold them together. Oh and Elex and Lyla LOVED each other!! Elex was the only new person Lyla met and liked right away. She must've understood they were both babies and peers because they were smiling and grabbing at each other any time they were near each other!
We decided to go out for dinner. I breastfed Lyla in the car before we left.
I have no idea what this restaurant is called. I wasn't paying attention, we just followed my dad there and I was so busy wrangling my kids I didn't even look up at the sign. haha. It was GOOOOOOOD, though!!
Deciding what to order! We ended up getting two large pizzas for my family and Jeena and Ava (her daughter, my niece) to share and a gluten-free pizza for Payson!
I breastfed her again in the car after dinner before heading back to our hotel.
We set up my laptop and watched Moana. Moana and Trolls are my family's current favorite movies.
Breastfeeding Lyla before we go!
After the store I nursed Lyla again. I was holding her so she could burp before going in her carseat and she was watching, with great interest, all the cars driving on the road and the birds flying around. She developed a huge love of bird watching that week and still whenever she sees birds outside she just sits still watching them with laser focus!
We went to my mom's house to visit! Everett was really into all the new, fun things to play with! Like these magnets on the fridge.
My mom made us tater tot casserole. She really wanted us to have a home cooked meal since we ate so much restaurant food while traveling. It was so good!
Then she'd bought these wooden Easter frames and all the kids painted a frame!
Later that night, back at the hotel, the kids colored in their coloring books.
We went back to my mom's house since my dad had some errands to run. Jeena and Ava came over too, and we all hung out!
Ava was taught how to give kisses and it's something she does a lot and it's SO CUTE!! This was the first time I met my niece, and it's my sister's first daughter so you know, she's pretty special and I just freaking adore her! I can't wait to go back and visit again!
The littlest three kids played together a lot.
After hanging out with my mom we went to Jeena's house. My dad came over and Jeena made us all dinner! With no notice, either! She's amazing! And she's pregnant and she works and basically is amazing. I'm so lucky to have her for my sister.
And we hung out and talked for a couple hours. It was so nice!
After that we went back to our hotel and hung out. I spent time cuddling with the kids. I was super aware of how stressful this could all be on them and wanted time to just hug and have down time together.
Sleeping in the hotel was an interesting experience. My younger three all like to cosleep and five in a queen sized bed wasn't the easiest arrangement. I slept as straight as possible in probably less than a foot of width the whole time. haha!
One awesome thing we did is buy two cots and some new blankets just for hotel stays. Payson slept on a cot this trip and Ember was supposed to, and she did sometimes, but mostly she'd wake up after an hour or two and climb into bed with me and Allan.
I asked everyone to get a group shot with grandpa.
My dad had stopped at a store to get us donuts before we left. I wanted to remember that so I took this picture. I'm sentimental and I imagined him waking up early to go shop for donuts before meeting us. Thinking about him doing that made me feel special and loved. I'm thankful for my dad.
We stopped after a few hours of driving to eat lunch at Burger King. We actually let the kids eat their donuts first! haha. You only live once.
Payson wearing a crown pretended to be King Simon again. It's been a loooong time since his King Simon character came out and we were happy to see it again!
I think seeing me hold Lyla up front so many times during the trip made Everett feel jealous because he asked if he could sit in my seat. I let him, of course, and you can tell how happy he was about it!
I gave Everett his Trolls coloring set.
This was another breastfeeding stop.
The kids in the far back! I loved that Ember had hooked her travel bag up above her head.
The first thing we did when we got home that night was take showers and baths!


"WhatsApp is one of the most popularly used services in the country. More than 28 million people in South Africa use WhatsApp, with more than 15 million of those on our network," said Mapula Bodibe, consumer business unit executive at MTN South Africa, at the launch of MTN Chat in Johannesburg on Tuesday.
"We know customers are using WhatsApp daily. We need to be where they are; hence the introduction of MTN Chat," Bodibe said.
Customers can sign up by adding 0831230011 to their contacts and messaging the number in WhatsApp.
Gareth Murphy, head of online retail channels at MTN South Africa, said the company has launched the WhatsApp service as a "minimal loveable product" and will offer additional products and services in time.
For now, customers "can check balances and recharge with airtime or data bundles". Users can load their credit card details — and this will be extended to other payment options, including mobile money, in future.
"We have gone 'thin' with these limited use cases because customers will help shape the evolution of this service," Murphy said. "Through customer feedback … we will evolve the service to meet customer needs when and where they need it.


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Sliding Thought Blog
Washington's Landslide Blog
Landslide of the Week – Mt St Helens Debris Avalanche
Each week we will feature a new landslide in Washington State. Washington State is covered with dynamic and sometimes quirky landslides.
Mt. St. Helens Debris Avalanche, Skamania County
Today is May 18th and it seems fitting that the Mt St Helens Debris Avalanche would be the landslide of the week. The Mt St. Helens Debris Avalanche is perhaps one of the most well known landslides in the world.
Area: 23 sq.mi.
Volume: .67 cu. mi.
Mt St Helens Debris Avalanche
An Excerpt from: REPORT: Eruptions of Mount St. Helens: Past, Present, and Future
"May 18, a Sunday, dawned bright and clear. At 7 a.m. Pacific Daylight Time (PDT), USGS volcanologist David A. Johnston, who had Saturday-night duty at an observation post about 6 miles north of the volcano, radioed in the results of some laser-beam measurements he had made moments earlier that morning. Even considering these measurements, the status of Mount St. Helens' activity that day showed no change from the pattern of the preceding month. Volcano-monitoring data-seismic, rate of bulge movement, sulfur-dioxide gas emission, and ground temperature-revealed no unusual changes that could be taken as warning signals for the catastrophe that would strike about an hour and a half later. About 20 seconds after 8:32 a.m. PDT, apparently in response to a magnitude-5.1 earthquake about 1 mile beneath the volcano, the bulged, unstable north flank of Mount St. Helens suddenly began to collapse, triggering a rapid and tragic train of events that resulted in widespread devastation and the loss of 57 people, including volcanologist Johnston.
Debris Avalanche
Although the triggering earthquake was of slightly greater magnitude than any of the shocks recorded earlier at the volcano, it was not unusual in any other way. What happened within the next few seconds was described by geologists Keith and Dorothy Stoffel, who at the time were in a small plane over the volcano's summit. Among the events they witnessed, they
"noticed landsliding of rock and ice debris
in-ward into the crater… the south-facing wall
of the north side of the main crater was especially
active. Within a matter of seconds, perhaps 15 seconds,
the whole north side of the summit crater began to
move instantaneously. … The nature of movement
was eerie…. The entire mass began to ripple and
churn up, without moving laterally. Then the entire
north side of the summit began sliding to the north
along a deep-seated slide plane. I (Keith Stoffel)
was amazed and excited with the realization that
we were watching this landslide of unbelievable
proportions. … We took pictures of this slide
sequence occurring, but before we could snap off
more than a few pictures, a huge explosion blasted
out of the detachment plane. We neither felt nor
heard a thing, even though we were just east of the
summit at this time."
Realizing their dangerous situation, the pilot put the plane into a steep dive to gain speed, and thus was able to outrun the rapidly mushrooming eruption cloud that threatened to engulf them. The Stoffels were fortunate to escape, and other scientists were fortunate to have their eyewitness account to help unscramble the sequence and timing of the quick succession of events that initiated the May 18 eruption.
The collapse of the north flank produced the largest landslide-debris avalanche recorded in historic time. Detailed analysis of photographs and other data shows that an estimated 7-20 seconds (about 10 seconds seems most reasonable) elapsed between the triggering earthquake and the onset of the flank collapse. During the next 15 seconds, first one large block slid away, then another large block began to move, only to be followed by still another block. The series of slide blocks merged downslope into a gigantic debris avalanche, which moved northward at speeds of 110 to 155 miles an hour. Part of the avalanche surged into and across Spirit Lake, but most of it flowed westward into the upper reaches of the North Fork of the Toutle River. At one location, about 4 miles north of the summit, the advancing front of the avalanche still had sufficient momentum to flow over a ridge more than 1,150 feet high. The resulting hummocky avalanche deposit consisted of intermixed volcanic debris, glacial ice, and, possibly, water displaced from Spirit Lake. Covering an area of about 24 square miles, the debris avalanche advanced more than 13 miles down the North Fork of the Toutle River and filled the valley to an average depth of about 150 feet; the total volume of the deposit was about 0.7 cubic mile. The dumping of avalanche debris into Spirit Lake raised its bottom by about 295 feet and its water level by about 200 feet.
1983 Photo North Fork Toutle River
Mudflows and Floods
Volcanic debris flows-mobile mixtures of volcanic debris and water popularly called mudflows -often accompany pyroclastic eruptions, if water is available to erode and transport the loose pyroclastic deposits on the steep slopes of stratovolcanoes. Destructive mudflows and debris flows began within minutes of the onset of the May 18 eruption, as the hot pyroclastic materials in the debris avalanche, lateral blast, and ash falls melted snow and glacial ice on the upper slopes of Mount St. Helens. Such flows are also called lahars, a term borrowed from Indonesia, where volcanic eruptions have produced many such deposits.
Mudflows were observed as early as 8:50 a.m. PDT in the upper reaches of the South Fork of the Toutle River. The largest and most destructive mudflows, however, were those that developed several hours later in the North Fork of the Toutle River, when the water-saturated parts of the massive debris avalanche deposits began to slump and flow. The mudflow in the Toutle River drainage area ultimately dumped more than 65 million cubic yards of sediment along the lower Cowlitz and Columbia Rivers. The water-carrying capacity of the Cowlitz River was reduced by 85 percent, and the depth of the Columbia River navigational channel was decreased from 39 feet to less than 13 feet, disrupting river traffic and choking off ocean shipping.
Mudflows also swept down the southeast flank of the volcano-along the Swift Creek, Pine Creek, and Muddy River drainages and emptied nearly 18 million cubic yards of water, mud, and debris into the Swift Reservoir. The water level of the reservoir had been purposely kept low as a precaution to minimize the possibility that the reservoir could be overtopped by the additional water-mud-debris load to cause flooding of the valley downstream. Fortunately, the volume of the additional load was insufficient to cause overtopping even if the reservoir had been full.
On the upper steep slopes of the volcano, the mudflows traveled as fast as 90 miles an hour; the velocity then progressively slowed to about 3 miles an hour as the flows encountered the flatter and wider parts of the Toutle River drainage. Even after traveling many tens of miles from the volcano and mixing with cold waters, the mudflows maintained temperatures in the range of about 84 to 91 degrees (F); they undoubtedly had higher temperatures closer to the eruption source. Shortly before 3 p.m., the mud- and debris-choked Toutle River crested about 21 feet above normal at a point just south of the confluence of the North and South Forks. Another stream gage at Castle Rock, about 3 miles downstream from where the Toutle joins the Cowlitz, indicated a high-water (and mud) mark also about 20 feet above normal at midnight of May 18. Locally the mudflows surged up the valley walls as much as 360 feet and over hills as high as 250 feet. From the evidence left by the "bathtub-ring" mudlines, the larger mudflows at their peak averaged from 33 to 66 feet deep. The actual deposits left behind after the passage of the mudflow crests, however, were considerably thinner, commonly less than 10 percent of their depth during peak flow. For example, the mudflow deposits along much of the Toutle River averaged less than 3 feet thick."
Posted in Landslide of the Week | Tagged Debris Avalanche, Debris Flow, Lahar, Landslide, Landslides, Mass Washington, Mt St Helens, Skamania County, Volcanic Debris Flow, Volcano, Washington State | 4 Comments »
4 Responses to "Landslide of the Week – Mt St Helens Debris Avalanche"
Ear to the Ground Says:
[…] the eruption of Mt. St. Helens. On May 18, 1980, Mt. St. Helens erupted, resulting in one of the largest landslides and worst volcanic disasters in modern history. The blast from the eruption destroyed or damaged 4 […]
Pat Pringle Says:
Dear Slidethought,
Great to hear that the great MSH debris avalanche of 1980 was chosen as landslide of the week. Wow, it was a turning point in how we view volcanic stability and eruptive style at composite cones! Now there's a whole new generation to whom the landslide is "ancient history", so we have to change the way we talk about it and teach it. Was glad to see Bill Nye featured at the recent fund raiser for the Mount St. Helens Institute. He led a field trip around the Hummocks Trail on Saturday.
Let the hummocks speak!
Landslide of the Week – « Sliding Thought Blog Says:
[…] landslide is perhaps the second most well known landslide in Washington State, following the 1980 Debris Avalanche of Mt. St. Helens. The landslide was probably first recognized by the Klickitat Nation (also known as the […]
DADY Says:
Washington State and Landslides
General Landslides (53)
Landslide of the Week (15)


Chem-Plate Industries, a fastener plating and heat-treating company with three facilities in Elk Grove Village, is a prime example of the form of management known as vertical integration.
"Inefficiency and hold-up while you're waiting for necessary supplies and services are common problems in manufacturing," says Martin Straus, president of Chem-Plate Industries. "Because we control several different elements of the fastener supply chain, we enjoy much faster turn-around times, lower transactions costs, and advantages over the competition."
Straus began his career as a day laborer at a plating company in Boston, then became an entrepreneur in his own right by opening a plating company on the south side of Chicago in 1979. He moved the company to Elk Grove Village in 1992 because its proximity to O'Hare Airport allowed him to better service his 250-member customer base in Rockford, Chicago, and northern Indiana.
Today, Chem-Plate Industries owns and operates out of three facilities: an 80,000-square-foot building on 1800 Touhy Avenue, a 90,000-square-foot facility at 1990 E. Devon Avenue, and 110,000 square feet at 1250 Morse Avenue. Between them, these facilities specialize in providing corrosion-protective coats of zinc, zinc nickel and zinc phosphate plating for various kinds of fasteners used in the automotive, military, and construction industries such as nuts, bolts, screws, washers, rods, pins, clamps, and capscrews.
Chem-Plate Industries also provides a full range of other services for fasteners, including continuous heat-treating, induction hardening, stress-relieving plating, dip spinning, electro-coating, top coats and finishes, PACE machine sorting, hand and roll sorting, and packaging.
Plating involves depositing a metal coating onto a conductive surface such as steel. It is used in industry to improve the durability, solderability, and paint adhesion of the surface, as well as to harden it and modify electrical conductivity. Several different application methods, as well as different metals and combinations of metals called alloys, can be used in the plating process.
Zinc plating, which is the primary coating used by Chem-Plate Industries, is especially good at preventing rust on steel surfaces by forming a protective barrier against oxidizing elements in the atmosphere. Even if zinc plating forms cracks, it still cathodically protects the exposed steel against rust by forming a layer of insoluble zinc salts. Galvanized steel parts, which utilize zinc plating, can usually last up to 30 years.
Heat-treating, the other major service provided by Chem-Plate Industries, alters the physical and/or chemical properties of a material. Induction heating is a common form of heat treatment at Chem-Plate Industries in which fasteners are heated by electromagnetic induction, then immediately quenched. This process increases surface hardness and strength without affecting the core of the product.
Chem-Plate Industries' labor force of approximately 300 employees includes degreed metallurgists and chemists, as well as technicians specially trained for specific processes. Martin Straus' son Aaron maintains the family leadership of Chem-Plate Industries by currently acting as the company's general manager, and will eventually take over as president. Aaron, who earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts from the School of the Art Institute in Chicago (with a final semester at Yale University), prepared himself for the top position by starting out in Chem-Plate's quality control lab, then building and running the mechanical plating department before becoming general manager.
"We have a very diverse workforce here at Chem-Plate Industries," says Aaron Straus, "including many women employees and female managers. Generally, we don't hire managers from the outside. We believe in promoting from within, so that our employees can meet their potential and departments can be led by those who are most familiar with the processes involved. We also believe in hiring returning war veterans. The company will be adding about 30 new employees this year, and we hope to hire as many veterans as we can."
Besides its vertical managing methods and varied staff, Chem-Plate Industries also prides itself on its maintenance of high quality levels and its outlay on state-of-the-art technology.
"Our high quality is something we always get complimented on, and it's also what helps keep our customers from turning to foreign outsourcing for the most part," says Martin Straus. "We are also constantly up-grading and improving the processes we offer by installing new technology. We try to set precedents in the fastener industry."
An example of the innovative equipment Chem-Plate Industries is willing to invest in is a planetary motion coating machine, the first one of its kind in the United States. The machine works by rotating baskets of parts around each other while they are dipped in paint. This planets-around-the-sun motion ensures even and complete coating of complex parts.
Chem-Plate Industries also recently perfected a durable black finish for automotive fasteners called Tuff-Black™ 2500. As a supplier of black finished fasteners to both Ford and General Motors, Chem-Plate Industries was familiar with the way that black finishes tend to eventually corrode and lose color after the fasteners undergo the automatic sorting procedures that are performed before they are installed. After much experimentation, Chem-Plate's chemical experts and sorting department succeeded in working out the optimal combination of black finishing technology and appropriate sorting procedures which would preserve the corrosion protection and the color of its black finished fasteners.
Chem-Plates Industries has also introduced ArmorGalv®, an award-winning "green" technology which involves a process called thermal diffusion coating. The ArmorGalv process was awarded the MVP2 (Most Valuable Pollution Protection) Award by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in 2006.
With ArmorGalv, which Chem-Plate Industries will be providing for the United States Navy, steel fasteners are heated in a closed cylinder to at least 650°F along with a special blend of dry zinc powder. The heat transforms the zinc powder from a solid to a gas, which then diffuses into the surface of the fasteners. This results in a consistent, corrosion-resistant zinc/iron alloy coating which has none of the toxic qualities found in the cadmium that was previously used for plating.
ArmorGalv, which uses minimal water and generates hardly any landfill material, is also a much more environmentally-friendly procedure than other methods of barrier protective coating such as paint, electro-plating, and hot dip, says Aaron Straus. "We are pushing to replace these other methods of coating with thermal diffusion processes such as AmorGalv," he says. "Chem-Plate Industries is one of only two facilities in the United States to adopt such a progress system.
"Being open to this kind of innovation, along with our total commitment to quality and utilizing the talents of our staff, is what has made us the successful company we are today," Aaron continues. "We'll keep on maintaining those standards of excellence in the future so that we can continue meeting our customers' requirements."


Excelente hotel. El servicio, las instalaciones y el desayuno estuvieron muy bien.
not bad.. comfy and clean. TV was a bit small thats all.
It was ok. TV is bit small.
The Hotel did not have my reservation I had to look for a new hotel after a long trip. I will not use Hotels.com anymore.
Residential apartments managed remotely via emails. Room cleaning service not provided during the stay, no hairdryer available.


Self Description: I am very positive and well-humored woman. I think that it is much better to live with a smile on your face and in your heart, because you can share your positive attitude to life with people around you. I am a moving spirit of every company and I am a good listener. I think that it is very important to be able to listen to the people, but not to pretend that you listen to them.
Comments: I look for a happy, lovely, athletic and respectful person. I think that the most important characteristic for man is matureness. I would like to find serious man, who knows what he wants in this life, who wants to find a decent woman and to create a family with her.


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Snoring & Sleep Apnoea in Women
by Ecomm Team August 27, 2021
Why is snoring and sleep apnoea not so easily recognised in women?
Snoring and sleep apnoea are generally considered to be conditions predominantly affecting men. The basis for this assumption is made purely on early epidemiological studies and clinical research conducted on male patients. Studies from the early 1970s and 1980s suggested that the male:female ratio for sleep apnoea was around 60:1. However, more recent research has recognised that snoring and sleep apnoea in women is not as rare as was once thought. More recent studies on general populations have reported male:female prevalence ratios for sleep apnoea are around 2:1.
But despite these findings, the greater prevalence of snoring and sleep apnoea in men still tends to promote an unintentional 'selection bias' for referral. Some studies have found that men are twice as likely to be referred for a sleep study than women. Many GPs rely on self reported snoring and sleep apnoea, and because men are more likely to seek help about snoring from their GP, they are more likely to receive an early referral for a sleep study. Nearly half of women snorers do not report their symptoms to their GP, often due to embarrassment or shame, but they do tend to be heavier users of healthcare resources prior to a diagnosis being confirmed.
Undiagnosed or misdiagnosed?
The few population studies that have included women, show undiagnosed sleep apnoea is far more prevalent in women than men. One study found that sleep apnoea was undiagnosed in more than 90% of women with moderate to severe sleep apnoea. One hypothesis that has been put forward is that because women often present with symptoms that differ from the current clinical indications for the evaluation of sleep apnoea, the condition may be missed or misdiagnosed. For example, in one study, nearly half of the female patients did not report apnoea events, choking or restless sleep to their GP but all the males did.
Snoring is a costly business
A study comparing health care costs among patients with snoring and sleep apnoea, found both sexes incur nearly double the healthcare costs of normal patients, but women incur significantly more costs than men. Both sexes have considerably more consultations with specialists and women have nearly 50% more visits compared to men. Similar figures have been found for drug costs, with women being prescribed antidepressant drugs three times more frequently than men. The results of the study concluded that snoring women tend to have more minor illnesses and atypical symptoms while men with the same severity of snoring have more chronic and fatal diseases.
The symptoms of snoring and sleep apnoea have an adverse effect on neurological and psychological function resulting in poor work performance, difficulty in concentrating, memory impairment, headache, nausea, impotence and decreased libido. These symptoms have the same effect on both men and women.
Same disease, different symptoms
Typical symptoms of sleep apnoea, snoring, apnoeas, choking and restless sleep, are similar in both men and women. However, snoring women tend to present with additional symptoms that may be misinterpreted to represent other conditions. Atypical symptoms such as daytime fatigue, headaches, insomnia, tension, depression and the use of sedatives are more frequent in women than men and may divert GPs and clinicians to diagnose and treat for other conditions. For example, because women are more likely to report insomnia and depression they are more likely to be treated for these symptoms rather than the underlying cause of their sleep apnoea.
Women don't fit the stereotype
Nearly half of all middle aged men snore, but women tend to snore later in life with an increased prevalence after menopause at around 60-64 years of age. Additionally, snoring sound in women is less intense therefore snoring may not be such an issue for younger women.
Obesity and fat distribution
Obesity seems to be the dominant factor for the occurrence of sleep apnoea in women when matched with males for age and degree of sleep disturbance. One study reported that women had a higher BMI (body mass index) than men at each level of RDI (respiratory disturbance index). There is evidence that obesity is greater in premenopausal women compared to postmenopausal women with sleep apnoea. It has also been reported that premenopausal women have more severe apnoea compared to postmenopausal women with the same BMI. It was reported in the same study that women who snore but without apnoea were not obese. However, morbid obesity occurs twice as often in women compared to men and since obesity is the main risk factor for the development of sleep apnoea, one might predict that women should have sleep apnoea more frequently than men. But evidence supports the opposite. Perhaps the argument for obesity as a risk factor for sleep apnoea in women is not obesity per se, but rather a matter of fat distribution.
There is a relationship in overall neck size and airway obstruction, and men have a higher proportion of fat around the neck area compared to the rest of the body, than do women. Men tend to have a greater volume of fat in the soft palate and the upper part of the tongue whereas women tend to have greater fat deposition in the lower part of the airway. Women also tend to have less upper airway anatomical abnormalities and require greater fat infiltration before they have a reduction in airway space.
Craniofacial features
Craniofacial anatomy could be an important factor in the prevalence of snoring and sleep apnoea. Both men and women who snore or have sleep apnoea have differences in craniofacial anatomy compared to the normal population.
It is known that men have significantly larger airways and pharynx than women. But despite this fact, their pharynx is more prone to collapse. Although the airways of women are narrower they are stiffer and less likely to collapse. Men also have less muscle tone in their upper airways making them more vulnerable to snoring and sleep apnoea.
Hormonal effects
Female hormones may have a protective effect on the upper airway dilator muscles as they are believed to protect the airway from obstructing during sleep. However, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women has yielded conflicting results. Some studies found modest improvements in snoring and sleep apnoea with oestrogen alone, whilst others found better improvements with both oestrogen and progesterone. Some studies however, found no improvements at all.
Testosterone on the other hand, has been found to increase upper airway collapsibility and the consequent risk of developing snoring and sleep apnoea. An interesting study on males with gonadal dysfunction found that when they were treated with testosterone replacement their snoring and sleep apnoea doubled in severity during the treatment. Similarly, it was reported that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (characterised by an excess of male hormones) had a 4-fold increase in the risk of snoring and sleep apnoea. This may explain in part why there is a male predominance in snoring and sleep apnoea.
Excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, decreased libido, depressed mood, headache, impaired concentration and obesity are all symptoms associated with snoring and sleep apnoea. But they are also symptoms of hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism in snoring women is statistically higher than it is in men. This may be another reason why snoring and sleep apnoea in women are confused or misdiagnosed. In patients with hypothyroidism, sleep disordered breathing appears to be common, yet in patients with snoring or sleep apnoea, hypothyroidism is very uncommon. The reasons why this should be are still unclear. There does appear to be a positive link between obesity and hypothyroidism. In one study with obese individuals, their snoring and sleep apnoea reduced significantly following hormone therapy, as did their BMI. Thyroxin therapy was also given to snorers who were not obese, and similar results were obtained with a reduction in their snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness. This connection between hypothyroidism and snoring and sleep apnoea is interesting and is worthy of further research.
There is an increasing interest in the association between snoring, sleep apnoea and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is often associated with snoring and sleep apnoea, predominantly in overweight males. However, one study of women aged 25-79 years found diabetes in snoring women independent of age, obesity or smoking status. Snoring women were twice as likely to suffer diabetes than non- snoring women.
Both diabetes and snoring and sleep apnoea are influenced by sexual hormones. Snoring and diabetes often increase during pregnancy, after the menopause and in women with Polycystic Ovary syndrome. The sleep deprivation and cyclic decreases in oxygen levels that occur as a result of snoring and sleep apnoea tend to increase insulin levels. It has been suggested that this may be the link between snoring and diabetes as one study reported that insulin sensitivity improved following treatment for snoring and sleep apnoea.
In summary, two factors seem to be prominent; hormones and airway resistance. The influence of hormones may be the most important determinant in the differences between men and women, but airway mechanics and collapsibility seem the most likely mechanism that would explain the predominance of snoring and sleep apnoea in men.
We should be aware of the additional atypical symptoms in women; of fatigue, headaches, insomnia and depression, and of the importance of further investigation to prevent under detection and under treatment of snoring and sleep apnoea.


Dr. Rebecco Panlilio's Puerto Azul, and nearby Marbella Club in Ternate Cavite were mold breakers, ahead of its time. It was designed by Sea Pines, an American consultant, as a multi-community collection of coves, a golf club a 340 room 5 star hotel set in rolling terrain, all 3,300ha of it. Sea Pines, specified the ideal kinds of grass, trees, shrubs and flowers that would turn Cavite into a paradise. Buildings and houses were shingled and designed with natural materials to enhance the tropical setting.


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Rocky Point History
Rocky Point, otherwise known as Puerto Penasco, has a lot of old school charm. It's brimming with history, and just one of the many of reasons you'll be intrigued to visit. Here's a brief overview of how this town came to be.
It's a long-held notion that Rocky Point and South America were inhabited by Native Indians. Yet, in recent years, historians and archaeologists have discovered nomads from the Pacific and Atlantic regions. Fast forward to:
The Ice Age – after what historians and geologists study to be the last ice age, it's believed that Asian groups roamed Puerto Penasco's landscapes in search of food and places to settle down.
Trading – some thousands of years ago, a trading ring in the Ajo Valley and Puerto Penasco region was formed. The landscape here was entirely different, as fauna and flora flourished, as opposed to the barren desert seen along the current shores. How do historians know this? The answer lies in the tools and relics found under the surface – telling a bit of history from some 20,000 years ago.
More Trading – approximately 700 to 1500 AD, the relics of history continue to tell the story of trade – a peaceful one at that, between varied tribes. The Indians too, travelled from what is now Arizona, to Puerto Penasco in search of seafood – which is still in abundance today.
The Spanish Conquest – after Columbus' arrival in the "New World", Puerto Penasco was relatively a hidden gem, until 1698, when Padre Kino met and recorded the Papago tribe of Indians. In his writings, he noted their cannibalistic traditions. His customs from Spain, in terms of skills to live off the land, were shared with this tribe, according to his records. One notable skill was pearl harvesting, where much of the supplies were sent back to Spain.
How Did the Papago Tribe of Puerto Penasco Look?
When we look in to Native history, we're often fascinated by their features. Unlike other Native Indians in other locations, the Papago tribe were recorded to be thin and tall!
The Age of Commerce and Mass Scale Trade
Following the discovery of rich resources in the area, stretching all the way to Arizona, mining of silver and gold ore was done on a mass scale. Today, we may curl up in laughter at the names Puerto Penasco was known by, as it sounds like something from a pirate movie, but that was the reality at the time.
Here are a few of the names:
Doin Biddin Ye Francia
Englash Devils O' Hell
Treachry
Privateers' in the Sea of Cortez
Villeanous Skum
Ye Likesly Spot
Puerto Penasco is located in Mexico, and the independent spirit still lives on today. The Mexican Priest at the time, Miguel Hidalgo, fought valiantly against Spanish conquistadors. Ultimately though, his fate was not a good one, as he was beheaded in the town's square. A war went on between the two parties for almost a decade, until the Treaty of Cordoba was signed, and Mexico officially received its Independence from Spain.
That wasn't the end of the story though: Mexico began fighting its own internal battle for power, and Puerto Penasco was mostly overlooked, until the revolution in the 1900s, when the Old Town Harbor was used as a base for the army.
After the Revolution, John Richardson, an American citizen, built the area's first hotel. If you recall Prohibition, this opened up the floodgates for Americans to cross the border, and indulge in alcohol – in Puerto Penasco.
With its growing popularity, a fishing village was formed. A railroad was built, and other plans docked. But its faith as a fishing and tourist village was interrupted by Pearl Harbor. Soon after the attack, Puerto Penasco became a military base once more, where some of the building and weapons are still intact today. Following the war, massive developments took place, and sporadic surges in construction plans were owed to:
The rising shrimp agriculture in 1965.
A high school in 1969, along with the area's first radio station.
Water and sewage lines were established in 1974.
Public facilities for health, fire, and law enforcement were established in 1979.
In the 1970s there was a surge in wealth, and many homes were built during this time.
After the 1980s the population, in most part, grew steadily, with predictable cycles of boom and bust in many industries. Puerto Penasco or Rocky Point however, has consistently been regarded as a tourist and fishing destination by thousands of visitors each year.


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Caldwell to be interim publisher for Danville, Stanford
From The Advocate Messenger
Mike Caldwell
Veteran journalist and Ashland native Michael Caldwell has been named interim publisher of The Danville Advocate-Messenger, Danville Living magazine, The Stanford Interior Journal and affiliated websites.
All are part of Bluegrass Newsmedia, which also includes The Winchester Sun and The Jessamine Journal.
Caldwell joined Bluegrass in 2016 as publisher of The Winchester Sun and assumed the same responsibilities with The Jessamine Journal in 2017. Both are roles he will continue to hold. He began his Danville duties Feb. 13 and immediately started working in the community.
"I am humbled and honored to have the opportunity to serve these amazing Central Kentucky communities. Each one is so unique and have their own identities. We want their newspapers to reflect that," Caldwell said. "My goal is really very simple: to help lead the newspaper and its talented staff to produce the best possible publications that showcase our communities and serve our readers and advertisers."
"I don't view this as an interim role. I am fully committed to helping move the newspapers forward in the short and long term by building on the great foundation that is in place."
Larry Hensley
Caldwell succeeds Larry Hensley, who has taken the position as General Manager of Schurz Communications Inc. (SCI) Hoosier Times Group. As general manager, he will oversee the day-to-day operations of The Herald-Times in Bloomington, the Times-Mail in Bedford, the Martinsville Reporter-Times, the Mooresville Times and the Spencer Evening World group.
"I have thoroughly enjoyed leading the Advocate-Messenger the last four years, and working with a very dedicated and talented staff. In addition I will miss all the great people and organizations we have in our community," Hensley said. "It was truly a blessing to serve the advertisers and readers of Boyle County, and I will miss all of you. As I move on to the next chapter of my career, I will always cherish my time in Danville and the Advocate-Messenger. I want to wish Danville continued success and best wishes to the everyone."
Caldwell, 43, began his career as a reporter at The Ironton (Ohio) Tribune after earning a journalism degree from Marshall University. He held a variety of editor positions before being named publisher in 2006.
During his tenure, The Tribune was honored six times by the Ohio Associated Press as the state's best community newspaper, received more than 150 journalism awards, was named the Chamber of Commerce's Business of the Year and partnered with civic organizations to lead a variety of betterment projects.
Caldwell also led Leader Publications in Niles, Michigan, publishing seven newspapers and a magazine serving southwest Michigan and northern Indiana. There he led his team to reconnect the newspapers with the communities they served and led a building renovation project that made the newspaper office a source of pride for staff and community.
The Ironton Tribune, Leader Publications and Bluegrass Newsmedia are all affiliates of the Boone Newspapers organization of Tuscaloosa, Ala.
"Community newspapers continue to play a vital role in our ever-changing world and specifically in development of communities. They do this by informing citizens, pushing for positive change and being an effective and trusted partner to our businesses, institutions and organizations," Caldwell said. "We will work hard to continue to make The Advocate-Messenger and The Interior Journal the best source of local news and information for Danville, Stanford and all of the counties we serve."


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Zhengzhouxi (Zhengzhou West) railway station () is a railway station of Zhengzhou–Xi'an high-speed railway located in Xingyang, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. The station was once named Xingyang South railway station () and was renamed to the current name on 10 July 2014. It started operation on 18 December 2015. There is also a connecting line to the east of this station allowing trains to reach Zhengzhou railway station.

Station Layout

The station has 2 side platforms and 4 tracks. The station building is to the north of the platforms.

References

Railway stations in Henan
Railway stations in Zhengzhou
Stations on the Xuzhou–Lanzhou High-Speed Railway
Railway stations in China opened in 2015


The one thing she did get right was to vote NO in a motion to not use $1.163 million in investment earnings to support student nutrition (fail).
In Ward 11, the majority rent their homes and half earn household incomes of less than $45,000. They struggle to make ends meet and could do with more support from their councillor. They are clearly not getting it. How the councillor can justify voting against daycare spaces that would have come at no cost to the city is a mystery. To vote to withhold money from the Tenant Defence Fund is particularly egregious when there have been many incidents involving notoriously bad landlords in Weston.
Councillor Nunziata, you appear to work hard and care for your constituents but your voting behaviour is a mystery. Is being a member of 'Ford Nation' more important than helping the less fortunate members of your Ward? Perhaps it's time to choose where your loyalties lie.
This is appalling when we every day see new evidence of poverty in our neighbourhood; Frances Nunziata is an appalling representative of the needs of the people in this ward.
She does an amazing job of fooling a lot of people — just ask the 10,544 people that voted for her in 2010.
WHAT HAS NUNZIATA DONE????? SOMEONE PLEASE EXPLAIN TO ME????
She sat with Ford in court at his conflict of interest appeal; seems like one of his last die-hard supporters. Most rational conservatives have already jumped ship.


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Charles Heidsieck Champagne
Charles Heidsieck Champagne was established in 1851 by the nephew of Piper-Heidsieck's owner. Charles Heidsieck's grand-uncle founded the Champagne Heidsieck et Cie House and Charles grew up in the midst of grapes, loved by his mother, Emilie Henriot, and his sisters, in a family ruled by Reims traditions.
Charles became a traveller and free-spirited, smooth-talking gentleman entrepreneur, focused on his champagne business. With his distinguished charm and knack for business, he captivated America becoming a prominent figure of fashionable society in just a few months. Charles focused on making a name for himself and for his champagne - Champagne Charlie.
The wines represent a world of elegance and indulgence each having its own personality, its own generous tone. Amongst the House treasures, pride of place for the wine-making team lies in an incredible number of wines that have patiently been put aside for reserve. Selected and set aside for their aromatic potential, these wines are destined to play a role in the blending of a Charles Heidsieck champagne. Today, production occurs alongside sister company Piper-Heidsieck in an ultra-modern functional cuverie on the southern outskirts of Reims. The Charles Heidsieck Cellars are a Unesco World Heritage site and comprise more than eight kilometres of galleries, thirty metres below ground.
Charles Heidsieck is one of the most awarded champagnes in the world. Its Cellar Masters have been recognized no less than twelve times as "Sparkling Winemaker of the Year" over an eighteen-year period. The Champagnes themselves have also won many awards in competitions with the Brut Reserve having wone over 20 medals since 2012.
CELLAR MASTERY
Daniel Thibault, Régis Camus and Thierry Roset have, each in turn as Cellar masters of Charles Heidsieck,have perpetuated this style, holding the heart of the House in their hand. The keys to the winery symbolize this style. Cyril Brun today takes these keys in hand as he takes on the task of producing the wines of the next decades.
Shop All Charles Heidsieck
Our Top 4 Charles Heidsieck Products
Charles Heidsieck Brut Champagne 37.5cl & Milk Truffles 135g
awardwinning
Charles Heidsieck Rose Reserve Champagne NV 75cl
Charles Heidsieck Rose Millesime 2005 Vintage Champagne 75cl
Charles Heidsieck Blanc des Millenaires 2004 Vintage Champagne 75cl