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Pałac Szeptyckich – pałac znajdujący się obecnie w stanie ruiny w mieście Łaszczów, w województwie lubelskim.

Pałac został pierwotnie zbudowany jako kolegium jezuickie. W dniu 15 września 1736 roku został położony kamień węgielny pod kościół, który miał być wybudowany na wzór kościoła jezuickiego w Krasnymstawie. Razem z budynkiem kościoła miało być zbudowane kolegium. Za autorów projektu uważani są Jezuici – Paweł Giżycki i Tomasz Żebrowski. W latach 1753–1758 budową kolegium kierował ówczesny superior F. Ignacy Grodzicki. Jednakże śmierć fundatora na wiele lat przerwała prace budowlane, ponieważ spadkobierca Franciszek Salezy Potocki zbudował najpierw kościół parafialny, istniejący do dnia dzisiejszego, a dopiero od 1751 roku wspierał budowę świątyni jezuickiej. W 1756 roku została urządzona tymczasowa kaplica, zapewne w części budowanej świątyni. Jednocześnie jezuici wprowadzili się do części nowego gmachu.

Budynek ten został zbudowany na planie prostokąta, posiadał dwie kondygnacje, był podpiwniczony, miał fasadę zwróconą w stronę północną. Wszystkie pomieszczenia sklepione były kolebką z lunetami, natomiast korytarze były nakryte sklepieniami kolebkowo-krzyżowymi, opartymi na gurtach.

Jezuicka świątynia nigdy nie została ukończona, pomimo że w momencie kasaty zakonu w 1773 roku jej mury ukończone były w stanie surowym.

Nowy właściciel Łaszczowa Franciszek Łukawski w latach 1818–1819 rozebrał mury kościoła, natomiast siedzibę jezuitów przeznaczył na cele mieszkalne. Parter budynku został przeznaczony na siedzibę Sądu Gminnego, natomiast piętro do połowy XIX wieku zajmowała kolejna właścicielka Róża z Kosseckich, wdowa po Piotrze Szeptyckim razem z córką Michaliną Władysławową Komorowską. Po śmierci Szeptyckiej dawna siedziba jezuitów ponownie była pusta, aż do czasu osiedlenia się w Łaszczowie na stałe Aleksandra Szeptyckiego.

Podjęte prace adaptacyjne ograniczyły się do prac wewnątrz budynku. Została usunięta wtedy kuchnia z ogromnym paleniskiem i przesklepionymi piecami piekarniczymi. Przeniesiona została wtedy do oficyny bocznej, której nadbudowane zostało piętro. Zasadnicza przebudowa gmachu kolegium została przeprowadzona w latach 1911–1912. Była ona prowadzona według projektów architekta Teodora Talowskiego. Z tą przebudową jest związany także tomaszowski architekt Zwierzchowski, ale możliwe że kierował on tylko pracami budowlanymi. Podczas prowadzonych wtedy prac zostało dobudowane skrzydło boczne, nadając planowi budowli kształt litery T.

Ta całkowicie jeszcze nie ukończona siedziba została zniszczona przez pożar w dniu 29 czerwca 1915 roku, kiedy to wycofujące się wojska rosyjskie podłożyły ogień. W latach 1916–1917 najstarsza część budowli została zabezpieczona przez nakrycie prowizorycznym dachem, natomiast w 1926 roku zostało rozebrane nowe skrzydło, które zostało najbardziej uszkodzone przez pożar. Ocalała z pożaru oficyna w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym pełniła funkcję zastępczego domu mieszkalnego.

W czasie II wojny światowej wojska niemieckie rozebrały resztki murów świątyni, a uzyskany materiał został przeznaczony na budowę drogi do Dołhobyczowa. Ruiny kolegium – pałacu nadal były puste i opuszczone. W takim stanie istnieją do dnia dzisiejszego.

Przypisy

Uczelnie jezuickie I Rzeczypospolitej
Pałac
Pałace w województwie lubelskim
Obiekty budowlane w Łaszczowie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Recently, Turku was ranked as the 7th smartest city in the world.
But what makes Turku, the oldest Finnish city with a population of about 200,000, located in southwestern Finland, one of the smartest cities in the world?
To understand this remarkable phenomenon, we interviewed one of the city´s major decision makers Rami Savila, who is the development director at the City of Turku.
Savila is responsible for the development processes in the city and also leads one of the flagship program called "Smart & Wise Turku." This program, according to Savila, is preparing the city for an ecologically, economically and socially sustainable development. It also aims to prepare the city for challenges posed by climate change, urbanization and population aging.
The program is also striving to create new business opportunities and increase the international appeal of Turku by cooperating with universities, companies and other interest groups in the region.
In addition to fast progressing technological development, the city has also decided to implement operating models, which encourage all groups of population to contribute to the society and the development of its services.
For Turku, 2029 is an important year. This is the year when Turku will celebrate its 800th anniversary as the oldest Finnish city. This is also the year which will highlight the city´s future. "Turku has clear objectives and direction for the future," Savila said.
When asked about Turku´s role in the protection of environment and climate change mitigation, Savila said that the city has drafted its own climate goals.
"The objective of the City of Turku is to be carbon neutral by the year 2029. And in order to achieve this goal, greenhouse gas emissions in the Turku region will be reduced by at least 80 percent by 2029 compared to 1990 levels," he said.
Turku is cooperating with citizens and the city´s interest groups to achieve the carbon neutral goal. At the same time, models are being introduced to estimate the environmental and life-cycle impacts of investments.
By the year 2040, the city will also carry out the resource wisdom principles related to zero emission, zero waste and sustainable use of natural resources.
In terms of internationalization, Turku is already cooperating with other European cities in different areas.
An 800-year-old Nordic city is now one of the smartest cities in the world.


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LARRY ZOLF: A GIFTED OBSERVER OF CANADA
HE HAD A NOSE FOR GOSSIP
As Larry Zolf never forgot, I was the first to write about him. And he loved it. He hungered for publicity because he was never happier than when he was telling you, or anyone, even the waiter, what he thought about just about any topic.
And now his voice and his intellect have been stilled. But not the memories.
He and some college chums had dreamed up some wacky political skit which was being performed somewhere so they phoned the old Toronto Telegram looking for publicity. It was early on a pleasant evening and nothing was going on so the night editor, Doug Stuebing, sent me off to U of T in case the students had some good lines.
They did. Wonderful biting political commentary, the kind that tumbled out of Zolf if the CBC or some editor didn't panic and resort to the libel lawyer. So a small story appeared, and Zolf was grateful. He ignored that the Tely was CONSERVATIVE and I was a conservative and he was a labour-loving refugee from the Jewish-Polish community of Winnipeg.
For decades, Zolf called me regularly to find out what was going on. And I returned the favour. Often he was feeling lonely and just wanted to talk. In a hurry, on deadline, we would use each other as a resource on what had happened in Toronto politics decades before. I could Google Zolf's memory. He worked at it, talking, gossiping, drinking, reading, pontificating electronically, skewering, writing books and columns and an early blog, often driving those close to him to frustration because he was untidy about everything even to his clothes.
Before an election, Zolf would call columnists like me and political insiders like Senator David Smith and get seat projections. It was a useful call for me and for him because you traded what you really knew for ridings where you had no idea.
When I was Editor of the Toronto Sun, in the days when the suits didn't insist who the columnists were, I had Zolf write some columns. He wasn't popular with our right-wing readers, even though he would slash away at all parties and philosophies. Doug Creighton, the ultimate reader of Sun columns, recognized Zolf's wit but not necessarily his wisdom.
Creighton regularly urged me to fire Walter Stewart, whose parents had been CCF/NDP leaders, but understood when I didn't on the grounds that any real newspaper needs a range of views. So I knew that adding Zolf weekly to the editorial mix was really tilting at the windmills, since Zolf was occasionally like Stewart on speed.
Zolf was used as a resource by his main employer, the CBC, because he had a wealth of home phone numbers. He also was a trusted insider for the anchors. The secret for all this was that Zolf never tried to get major politicians to speak only to him, to lock up his sources. And he talked to everyone, even if he would hoot incredulously - you could recognize his laugh even in the turmoil of Question Period - if the ideas got really strained.
He was a guru in his beloved Beaches. Tom Jakobek when he was just a trustee trying to step up appealed to me to help end the rumour he was a Scientologist. Zolf was spreading it, he said. So I told him to have the family church minister be photographed with him for campaign literature and to phone Zolf and tell him that I said to knock it off. He descended on Zolf's house and delivered the message at the door. Zolf phoned me and said he almost had a heart attack when this tall "spooky" guy loomed over him at the door. But Zolf stopped the assault and Jakobek won. (I can just hear Larry saying that the line really should be that the city lost. )
I've seen PMs, premiers and ministers spar with Zolf, some times with exasperation tinged with affection. Yet what the politicians and his colleagues all recognized is that Zolf liked nothing better than yarning about what was making politics tick in Canada, and that he really cared.
He was, he said, the ugliest Jew around. Ah yes, that was a nose that even Cyrano would have envied. But what a passion for politics.
Posted by John Downing at 11:07 AM No comments:
MEMORIES OF SAUL ALINSKY AND SIT-INS
THE SMOKE FROM ANCIENT BATTLES
Was it really forty years ago when campus guerillas like Mark Bonokoski fed the student unrest of the budding university of Ryerson, and the giant of community organizings, Saul Alinsky, could see as his life ended that the sit-in technique that had blossomed under his inspired leadership was already dated as a weapon.
My musings are prompted by a question from John Cosway, the diligent steward of the Toronto Sun family blog. He was quoting from an Internet item about Bono, the veteran Sun columnist, who when he was a student at Ryerson and helped run a renegade student newspaper, was involved in sit-in confrontations with the university president.
Cosway wondered when was the last good Toronto student sit-in. I bet there are aged radicals who have their favourite but they all started to blur together for me. We had the angry brawling between supposed students and rough Toronto cops at the U of T education experiment known as Rochdale. Not a sit-in but more a drug party during a raid. The cops went too far but it could be said that the whole situation baffled them.
Hardly the often brutal stuff of the anti-war protests on American campuses. The famous sit-in at the Columbia president's office, the senseless deaths at Kent State, the awful Chicago cop assaults on convention demonstrators, the nation-wide bonfires of flower power, draft cards and flags, it seemed every day brought another campus confrontation that filled jails. Sit-ins were everywhere.
Bono and the grouchy protesters at Ryerson mirrored what was happening on the streets just outside. The community organizing that had become a major political force in the U.S. under Alinsky had a Toronto version with John Sewell and Karl Jaffary, both lawyers who had had all the advantages, fighting developers with sit-ins in condemned houses or in front of the bulldozers. Both became aldermen and could fight evil from inside the system, and Sewell even became a dismal one-term mayor and then a voice calling endlessly from the wilderness.
Alinsky was the most famous community organizer in the modern world as he tackled every ghetto. (Some argue that Jesus was really the first.) Typically, Hilary Clinton quoted him in her university thesis. William F. Buckley Jr., the articulate conservative, praised him. There were Toronto councillors like Gordon Cressy who could quote from Alinsky's manual for fighting the system.
But now we have a community organizer from Chicago who turned his back on an impeccable legal background and became president of the United States. I'm sure that Barack Obama also quotes from Alinsky even though he died in 1972, just as Bono graduated and Ryerson settled down.
There are many who want to pin everything bad about Alinsky on Obama, but they can't ignore that Alinsky called himself a non-socialist left winger.
It was Alinsky, quoted in a Playboy interview (I did read it for the articles,) who warned activists that sit-ins would no longer work because North America had adjusted. Alinsky was being shown the executive suite of a new corporate headquarters. There were two lobbies for the CEO's office, and it was explained to him that the one for the sit-ins came complete with a washroom and change tables in case any of the demonstrators brought along babies.
It was Alinsky who devised the technique (publicized by Toronto's own Arthur Hailey in the bestseller Wheels) that forced a Detroit bank to stop discriminating against black customers. Blacks lined up at every window and started a new account with a small sum. Then they went to the back of the line and withdrew the money. Again and again. This went on until bank officials begged for mercy.
Alinsky also forced one of the world's largest airports, O'Hare, to end its discrimination against blacks by working out a scheme to place a black bum on every public toilet in every terminal. For the entire day. A black standing in front of every urinal. He was working out the logistics such as how many buses and how many volunteers were needed for what really was to be a shit-in when he had a brilliant idea. He told the airport managers what he was planning to do and they caved. He got everything he wanted without having to block one of the thousands of conveniences.
Occasionally today, you have a handful of protesters occupying some politician's office for hours, hoping for publicity. There is no bonanza for them because the politician stays away, and the protesters are what the media call the "usual suspects." (The term comes from the movie Casablanca.) There is also the reality that's it all rather silly. After all, the typical leader, whether of politics or industry, moves around with a cell phone and often a laptop. In the age of texting, occupying an office is just a waste of time.
Today's campus radicals are given seats on the university boards and can tell the president across the big polished table what they think about any subject under the sun. And they do. And do. I suspect that some days the president thinks the sit-in was easier.
CANADA'S NNAs ARE GOLDEN OSCARS
BOB REGULY'S AWFUL END TO GREAT CAREER
If I were to tell you that there was an actor who just died who won three Oscars, you would and should be mightily impressed.
In the tough world of Canadian journalism, the National Newspaper Awards for more than half a century have been our cherished Oscars. And since Canadian newspapers are among the best in the world, and Canadian journalists, like our comics, routinely star on the world stage, to win more than one NNA is an honourable accomplishment.
Well, Bob Reguly, who just died at 80, won three NNAs in four years for himself and the Toronto Star. Stunning! Now the great columnist Peter Worthington and the superb photographer Boris Spremo have doubled that accomplishment, but then they are from another planet where they work 30 hours a day.
The farewells, which tragically have to mention Reguly's terrible exit from his illustrious career, all concentrate on his finding of the tart Gerda Munsinger in Europe and her revelations about her scandalous romp through the federal Tories which match any seamy stories of the round-robin sex of England.
It really was a tale from between stained sheets that made us all feel like we needed a shower.
But I remember his NNA for the finding of the unionist/thug Hal Banks on a ship in the Brooklyn harbour when Canadian authorities were mystified as to his location. They hadn't looked hard, which was the point of Reguly's scoop.
Reguly told me a twist to the story that is not well-known. Itt shows the cheap accountants of the Star to be as miserable about expense accounts as the Devil counting heads in Hades.
Reguly saw Banks on the deck and told the cabbie to take him to the nearest drugstore where he bought a Kodak disposeable camera for around $55 to prove to the world, and the Star, that he had found Banks.
He returned and was spotted when he was snapping away at Banks with the cheap camera. Banks' bodyguards chased him. The taxi was cornered but Reguly persuaded the cabbie to drive through the thugs and risk a dangerous collision..
They got away. Reguly was grateful and didn't have much money for a huge tip. So he emptied the camera and gave it to the cabbie in thanks. The accountants wouldn't reimburse Reguly for the camera's purchase because he couldn't produce the camera.
That's not the end to the picture tale. The Telegram, locked for years in bitter competition with the Star, was rocked by the Reguly scoop. I was ordered to dispatch to New York a reporter/photographer who had just returned to the Tely from his native Australia.
Peter Geddes phoned to say he had spotted Banks on the deck and got one good shot with his long lense before the thugs started chasing him. He wirephotoed the picture while I alerted my bosses that at least we had a picture. A darkroom technician emerged in the middle of the night staring dubiously at the result. I phoned Geddes and demanded to know why Banks was slightly out of focus when some chap in a suit was sharp. He replied that he didn't know what Banks looked like - having been in Australia when this scandal blew up - and had photographed the best dressed guy on the deck. I said Banks was in the background, in a sports shirt.
So the technician, Wasyl Kowalishen, worked diligently with an enlarger in the darkroom, spotting and dodging and using all the tricks that you could do with black-and-white pictures in the darkroom, before the days of digital and photo shop. And the result on Page One the next day won Geddes an NNA. Not quite as worthwhile as Reguly's, to put it mildly.
I remember Geddes for another reason. He was very talented but the strain led to his drinking and that ruined his family life. So he left the business.
I talked to him once more. We learned that Pierre Trudeau had taken Margaret skiing on their honeymoon at Whistler. The Tely figured that it could scoop the world, or at least the Star and Globe, by having a picture in the next edition. This was far more difficult then than it would be now because it would mean getting a photographer to the slope, taking the picture, processing the picture and then finding a wirephoto machine to send it across Canada. All in a few hours!
A rewriteman yelled at me that he was talking to the guy running the ski lift at the bottom and he thought it was Peter Geddes. Our Peter Geddes! So I got on the phone and didn't get the warm reception that you would expect when I helped him win a major award. I told him to get the picture and we would pay handsomely. Peter said he didn't own a camera. I told him to do the Reguly thing, to go buy a Kodak disposeable. He refused, saying he never intended to touch a camera again. And that was that. He hung up on me, and possibly another NNA.
Reguly had a devil-may-care attitude to reporting. It's no surprise to find he parachuted for bucks at the start. He was a reporter, not a columnist, and distrusted politicians almost as much as he did editors. He started dropping in to see Worthington at the Sun and when Peter was busy playing editor, he would tell me all the dirt he had collected or suspected about major politicians. They were marvelous tales.
One main target for him was John Munro, a federal politician of many jobs in cabinet, and many more suspicions. Munro sweated routinely, which made him look guilty even if he was talking to a kindergarten class. And he got involved in strange business, like the day he emerged with a shiner and said he had fallen in the tub. It was widely believed his wife hit him during a quarrel. (She was a remarkable woman who started as a Stelco secretary and ended with a doctorate and a provincial cabinet post.)
So Worthington got Reguly hired at the Sun and he was teamed with a young reporter who had the goods on Munro, or so he told Reguly and the Sun. I knew a little of the story, which was tame compared to other stuff that Reguly had told me. I won't go into details because this story was horrendously wrong, created by the reporter, Don Ramsay, because of ambition, chemicals and stupidity.
The Sun settled an embarrassing libel suit (even though newspapers generally win) because Lorrie Goldstein, now the Sun associate editor, and John Paton, a major star today in American and Canadian publishing, couldn't find support for the story.
Reguly left, bitter. He used to complain to young journalists that he had been betrayed by the Sun and it showed that newspapers wouldn't support investigative journalists. A journalism tragedy where I felt he had betrayed instead the Sun and his craft. We ran into each other long ago in Cottage Country where he was still saying he had been the victim and cursing every boss at the Sun.
I preferred to remember him as the reporter who with great gusto dominated Canadian journalism from 1964 to 1968 and then like a meteorite crashed into the Sun.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Once again, sorry for taking so very long away from the blog. I'm having a bit of a difficult time making progress on my work. My relationship of four years ended recently, and it's rocked me back a bit in terms of my producivity. But enough of that.
I'm still trying to get a good balance of work (by day, at Meet the Composer) and social life and writing, and it's not quite right yet. However, having a day job has significantly slowed the cycle of getting pieces ready for performance. When I was in school I'd have a new piece performed every couple of months, and planning for than 6 or so months ahead was ridiculous. Now I'm working on putting together performances and pieces that will certainly not come to fruition for over a year, or maybe even longer. It's a strange feeling. In part I think it comes from having less time to work, and being therefore unable to promise completion of projects as quickly as I could before. But it also comes from working on larger projects that are more collaborative, and a greate emphasis on the planning process.
I'm working with an opera company in the early stages of doing another production of the score I did for Mary Zimmerman's Arabian Nights adaptation last summer. But where in the past my approach was to pick a date on the calendar when I thought it would be ready, and then do as well as I could in the time allotted, now I'm doing a lot more work in the planning phase, working more on making sure what we're up to is really what we want to be doing.
I think this way of working on a production is pretty analogous to the way my writing has changed recently. Instead of banging out as much as quickly as I could, now I spend most of my writing time planning what it is I want to do, and less and less time actually choosing notes.
In the long term it's better, and it's definitely influenced by working at a non-profit, and seeing how Meet The Composer treats long term planning and execution. Nevertheless, it's difficult to get used to. Where I used to have some pretty good validation through performance every few months, now I have long term projects (2 films, 2 plays, 1 opera, 1 acting percussion piece for Greg Jukes) in various stages of long term work. It takes a deal more patience, commitment, and faith in what I'm doing than the old way did.
Now it's time to restate my hope of posting more frequently, and obviuosly of writing more music about which to post. And now it's time to close.


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Columbus Village Apartments fire in Hearne
Aurora announces police policy changes, provides new details on independent investigation into death of Elijah McClain
While the city says the investigation is "independent," some who sit on the Aurora City Council say it is not independent enough
Credit: 9NEWS File Photo
A 9NEWS file photo of an Aurora police vehicle.
Author: Dacia Johnson (9NEWS), Marc Sallinger (9 News)
Published: 4:36 PM CDT June 9, 2020
Updated: 10:19 PM CDT June 10, 2020
AURORA, Colo. — The Aurora Police Department will no longer authorize the use of a controversial type of control hold as it makes changes to its policies and provides new details on an "independent investigation" into the death of Elijah McClain.
The department says recent protests have spurred the decision to examine its use of force policies and training.
It's been nearly a year since Elijah McClain died after a struggle with Aurora Police officers. He went into cardiac arrest after he was put into a carotid hold and was administered medication to calm down.
The officers were cleared of wrongdoing and never charged.
Aurora Police announced Tuesday officers would no longer be allowed to use the technique some describe as a choke-hold.
"I understand the reason for the city manager to make that no longer authorized and I support his decision," said Aurora Police Interim Chief Vanessa Wilson.
City officials and the interim chief of police held a news conference Tuesday afternoon to discuss policy changes in the Aurora Police Department.
"I think it's important that these directive changes are coming out because truly there's been a call to action across the nation of people expecting their police departments to be accountable and I absolutely agree with that," Wilson said.
City officials also provided new details about an "independent investigation" being conducted into the death of Elijah McClain.
Aurora City Manager Jim Twombly said attorney Eric Daigle was examining the case as an independent investigator. Daigle was a former police officer in Connecticut. Twombly has since removed Daigle from the investigation due to concerns he would not be unbiased.
"This week, Mayor Coffman and the three members of our Council Public Safety Policy Committee asked for a new independent investigator regarding the Elijah McClain case. I hear and understand Council's concerns—as well as the community's—about the individual that was hired to conduct the investigation. Therefore, I have canceled Mr. Daigle's contract and will be meeting with the Council as soon as possible to determine our next steps in initiating a new review," Twombly said in a statement provided to 9NEWS on Wednesday.
"Together we all want to achieve meaningful improvements, eliminate racial inequity and make lives better in our community. This review –and ultimately its findings—is a critical step toward these goals."
Aurora Mayor Mike Coffman says if any new information is found during the upcoming review it could be presented to the prosecutor.
"If in fact something new is found, then the district attorney has always said that he would reopen the case," Coffman said.
Removing Daigle came after some members of the Aurora city council alleged he wasn't independent enough.
"I don't consider Eric Daigle to be independent and neutral due to his long career in law enforcement," Aurora City Council member Curtis Gardner told 9NEWS. "We need a truly independent review. I don't feel comfortable going back to the public and asking for trust when we had a former police officer conduct this review."
Councilmember Angela Lawson also believes the current investigation isn't independent enough. She says she was not told Daigle was conducting the investigation until she found out Tuesday.
"Mr. Daigle in my opinion is not independent. He has a direct connection to law enforcement. So I'm not sure if the trust of the community in what he is presenting is going to be true transparency," Lawson said. "I still want an independent third-party review, external from this individual Mr. Daigle."
Tuesday evening, council members Allison Hiltz, Curtis Gardner and Angela Lawson released a statement raising questions about the independence of the investigation.
"In asking for an independent, neutral, third-party review, it was important to us to begin the process of rebuilding trust with our community. Unfortunately, an attorney with a long career in law enforcement that specializes in defending municipal police departments from liability claims doesn't qualify, in our minds, as a neutral review. This is especially true considering there is a pending civil suit in this case," the statement read.
The lawyers representing Elijah McClain's family also do not believe the investigation is independent enough because of Daigle's background in law enforcement.
Attorney Mari Newman says if enough action isn't taken by the Aurora Police Department, they are ready to file a federal civil rights lawsuit against the officers and medics involved in his death.
"I believe the police who killed Elijah McClain murdered him," Newman said. "I'm still concerned about a lack of true independence but I'm glad that someone is looking into the Aurora Police officers who murdered Elijah McClain."
Below is a list of the policy changes announced by Aurora Police on Tuesday:
Officer relief
"Officer Relief" refers to the replacement of officers who have been involved in a physical struggle/fight/violent event with a subject by other arriving officers who should be less emotionally involved and may help keep the situation from escalating to unnecessary physical levels. This would also apply to any situation where an officer appears unable to control their emotions or de-escalate the situation on their own. (Read the full directive here)
Duty to intervene
Any sworn member who, while acting in his/her official capacity as a law enforcement officer, witnesses another member (regardless of rank or tenure) acting in his/her official capacity, use force that is clearly beyond that which is objectively reasonable, and lawful, given the totality of the circumstances shall, when in a position to do so, safely and immediately intervene to prevent and/or discontinue the use of force. (Read the full directive here)
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Authorized firing of a weapon
In the news conference, Wilson said officers must give a verbal warning before firing a weapon.
Members should not discharge a firearm:
As warning shots, unless, in exceptional cases where no lesser degree of force would be effective or practical and the firing of a warning shot is the only alternative to the use of deadly force. Warning shots will not be fired when such discharge would pose a danger to any person.
At persons who have committed only a misdemeanor or traffic violation.
To prevent the destruction of property or theft.
When such a discharge is a result of carelessness or the negligent handling of a firearm.
(Directives include firearm safety and shooting at moving vehicles, read the full document here)
Carotid control hold/less-lethal weapons, techniques
Only department members who have completed departmentally required and approved training and demonstrated proficiency are authorized to carry, deploy, display or use less-lethal weapons. Less lethal weapons must be used in accordance with department training.
Members may utilize the carotid control hold when they are met with violent resistance. This method should be used when other means have been tried unsuccessfully or other means are not feasible.
A proper carotid control hold should not restrict the airway. Members are strictly prohibited from using any chokehold that restricts the airway unless the use of deadly force is authorized
(Directive includes chemical irritants and other weapons, read the full document here)
Suspicions calls
The suspicions call directive, according to Wilson, outlines an approach that aims to overcome implicit bias generated by calls to police. Wilson said officers will be trained to take those suspicious person calls but to determine if contact is required for the individual that matches the description of the "suspicious person." If the officer decides the suspicious person is not actually suspicious, they can resolve the call without making contact and can even go as far as returning the call to the original caller to explain the situation. The goal, Wilson said is to not cause unnecessary tension between police and community members when there is no actual suspicious behavior happening.
Willson said she wanted to make it clear that some of these directives were being discussed when she took over as interim chief but were put on hold during the COVID-19 pandemic.
"I believe we need to look at how we do business, the public is demanding that and we work for the public," she said.
Elijah McClain
Aurora City Manager Jim Twombly said the incidents that have happened recently, including the in-custody death of George Floyd in Minnesota and the in-custody death of Elijah McClain in Aurora, he wants he city to look at all aspects of the Aurora Police Department to see what improvements and policy changes can be made.
Elijah McClain, 23, died on Aug. 24, 2019. This was three days after he suffered cardiac arrest after he was placed in what's known as a carotid control hold by an officer and later given a sedative to calm him down. The Aurora Police Department (APD) cleared three officers involved in the incident.
RELATED: Review board clears Aurora officers in altercation that sent man into cardiac arrest
RELATED: Family protests decision to not file charges in death of man who struggled with officers
RELATED: No criminal charges will be filed after man dies following struggle with Aurora police
Police first encountered McClain after someone called dispatch and said they spotted a suspicious person in a mask walking down Colfax.
McClain's family said he was walking to get an ice tea for his brother and would usually wear a face mask "when it's cold."
A former officer now based in Connecticut is heading an independent review of the McClain case.
Twombly said the report will be made public, and if there's something in that report that the city or community believes should go back to the district attorney for review, then that will happen.
Coffman added that if the district attorney found something, the case would be reopened.
Denver Police Department
This weekend, when Denver Police announced changes to their policy that includes a ban on carotid compressions, Aurora Police said it was still part of their department's policy, as a last resort.
RELATED: Chokeholds banned, SWAT to use bodycams under new Denver Police policy
This news conference comes the same day that Floyd was laid to rest, and just a few days after a crowd held a rally in Aurora remembering McClain.
It also comes the same day Colorado's state legislature passed a police reform bill in response to the George Floyd protests that brought hundreds of supporters to downtown Denver for multiple days.
RELATED: Police reform bill passes Colorado Senate 32-1
Senate Bill 217 — the Law Enforcement Integrity Act — would end the qualified immunity defense that generally protects government workers from being sued and bans the use of chokeholds.
It would also require local and state patrol officers to have body cameras by July 2023.
SUGGESTED VIDEOS | Local stories from 9NEWS


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DePaul uses late run to hand Xavier its sixth straight loss
Naji Marshall led Xavier with a game-high 22 points but the Musketeers let DePaul close the game on a 21-5 run to hand Xavier its sixth straight loss
DePaul uses late run to hand Xavier its sixth straight loss Naji Marshall led Xavier with a game-high 22 points but the Musketeers let DePaul close the game on a 21-5 run to hand Xavier its sixth straight loss Check out this story on cincinnati.com: https://www.cincinnati.com/story/sports/college/xavier/xaviersports/2019/02/09/2018-2019-xavier-musketeers-play-host-depaul-blue-demons/2824400002/
Adam Baum, Cincinnati Enquirer Published 6:56 p.m. ET Feb. 9, 2019 | Updated 11:18 a.m. ET Feb. 10, 2019
It was similar to their first meeting, only this time it was DePaul that went on a late run to beat Xavier Saturday night, 74-62, handing the Musketeers their sixth straight loss, one that Xavier head coach Travis Steele labeled as gut-wrenching in his post-game press conference.
Xavier led 57-53 with 5:28 left in the game only to watch the Blue Demons compile a 21-5 run while Xavier got sloppy with five consecutive turnovers that helped DePaul build its momentum.
Xavier Musketeers forward Tyrique Jones (0) shouts after drawing a foul under the basket in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. (Photo: Sam Greene/The Enquirer)
"I think a lot of people are going to point to well, hey, you had five turnovers in a row down the stretch," said Steele. "Obviously, we did. Our guys can't panic. They can't try to make home run plays."
DePaul scored 15 points off Xavier's 16 turnovers and a lot of those came late with the game hanging in the balance.
More:Former Xavier head coach Pete Gillen on what it's like to be a first-year head coach
Xavier only scored five points in the final five minutes of the game.
"The ball is going to be in Quentin (Goodin's) hands, it's gonna be in Paul (Scruggs') hands, it's gonna be in Naji (Marshall's) hands. They gotta take care of it," said Steele. "These guys have never been asked to do this. Quentin's never been asked to be a playmaker at the end of games for us ever at this level. Naji definitely not. Paul definitely not as well. Paul was never in the game at this point last year at the end of games so we relied on Trevon (Bluiett) and J.P. (Macura) and Kerem Kanter. It's new for these guys. They've gotta learn. We've gotta get them better every day in practice. We've gotta keep grinding. It's all we can do."
PHOTOS: DePaul hands Xavier sixth-straight loss
Xavier Musketeers head coach Travis Steele shakes his heads in the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers forward Tyrique Jones (0) dunks over DePaul Blue Demons guard Lyrik Shreiner (0) in the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
DePaul Blue Demons guard Max Strus (31) passes around Xavier Musketeers forward Zach Hankins (35) in the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
DePaul Blue Demons guard Lyrik Shreiner (0) drives against Xavier Musketeers guard Quentin Goodin (3) in the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
DePaul Blue Demons guard Lyrik Shreiner (0) separates guard Quentin Goodin (3) from DePaul Blue Demons guard Lyrik Shreiner (0) after a hard foul in the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Paul Scruggs (1) walks back to the bench at timeout in the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Paul Scruggs (1) shoots over DePaul Blue Demons guard Devin Gage (3) in the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Quentin Goodin (3) twirls in place as DePaul Blue Demons guard Devin Gage (3) runs out the clock in the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Sunday, Feb. 10, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Quentin Goodin (3) returns to the sideline after the second half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Sunday, Feb. 10, 2019. Xavier lost its sixth game in a row, 74-62. Sam Greene, The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers forward Zach Hankins (35) puts up a shot in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Paul Scruggs (1) goes up for a shot in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers forward Zach Hankins (35) signals after the DePaul Blue Demons turns the ball over in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Paul Scruggs (1) guards DePaul Blue Demons forward Paul Reed (4) in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Quentin Goodin (3) celebrates after scoring from three point range in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers head coach Travis Steele shakes his head in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers forward Naji Marshall (13) is fouled going up for a shot in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
DePaul Blue Demons guard Devin Gage (3) reaches in on Xavier Musketeers guard Kyle Castlin (2) in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Quentin Goodin (3) drives against DePaul Blue Demons guard Devin Gage (3) in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers forward Tyrique Jones (0) breaks up a shot by DePaul Blue Demons forward Paul Reed (4) in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers guard Quentin Goodin (3) looks for a pass in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers forward Tyrique Jones (0) looks to the score board in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
Xavier Musketeers forward Tyrique Jones (0) shouts after drawing a foul under the basket in the first half of the NCAA Big East Conference game between the Xavier Musketeers and the DePaul Blue Demons at the Cintas Center in Cincinnati on Saturday, Feb. 9, 2019. Sam Greene/The Enquirer
DePaul scored 40 points in the paint with 14 offensive rebounds and 18 second-chance points.
"Thought our defense was good enough to win but it's hard to win any games at this level when you turn the ball over ... live-ball turnovers ... we had five in a row down the stretch," said Steele. "They scored 15 points off our turnovers; 18 second-chance points, which we knew that going into the game. They're the best rebounding team in the league and we had to answer that bell and I don't think we did early on."
Marshall led Xavier with a game-high 22 points but DePaul had four players finish in double figures, led by Max Strus' 17 points, 15 of which came in the second half.
Scruggs added 13 and Goodin had 12.
This was another game where Xavier led for more time than their opponent and still found a way to lose.
Xavier's now 11-13 overall and 3-8 in the Big East.
Xavier hosts Creighton Wednesday night with a six-game losing streak hanging over its head.
"I think number one, it's about loving those guys," said Steele. "Caring about those guys, letting them know we believe in them. That's where it starts. You can do all the gimmicky stuff that you want (on a losing streak) but you have to be as real as you possibly can with those guys. They're obviously down right now. Like I said, it was a gut-wrenching loss. As bad as I feel, I know they feel just as bad. They want to win and they're working hard every single day to win. We're gonna get those results ... it's gonna happen. We gotta stick with it but we gotta do that with trust, belief and love for each other."


A wonderful opportunity to purchase a beautifully maintained semi detached bungalow in the much admired West Park development. The bungalow provides surprisingly spacious accommodation consisting of a large lounge, fitted kitchen with dining area, a fabulous UPVC double glazed conservatory, three bedrooms and bright white bathroom. Outside there is a neat front garden, secluded rear garden and useful detached garage. Convenience of location is superb with Lisburn City Centre, train station and supermarket shopping all within minutes walk. Early viewing recommended.
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Excellent range of high and low level units. Glazed display cabinets. One and a half bowl Franke sink unit with mixer taps. Integrated dishwasher. Plumbed for washing machine. Electric cooker circuit. Extractor fan. Breakfast table. Tiled floor. Part tiled walls. Wine rack. Recessed lights.
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Walter Rodney, the Prophet of Self Emancipation
Horace Campbell
* Horace Campbell is chair of the Walter Rodney Commemoration Committee (http://www.rodney25.org/)
Contact core@rodney25.org to find out more about planned events.
Guyanese activist and academic Walter Rodney, the author of 'How Europe Underdeveloped Africa' was not just a Guyanese figure. He was known worldwide, especially in Africa, where he enjoyed great popularity for his solidarity with the struggles of the working people. This year marks 25 years since his assassination and efforts are underway to commemorate the life of a man who became known as the 'prophet of self emancipation'.
The year 2005 marks twenty-five years since Walter Rodney was assassinated in Georgetown, Guyana. Walter Rodney was a tireless champion of the rights of working peoples everywhere and in his short life of thirty eight years he made his mark as one of the pre eminent thinkers of the 20th century.
When one reads his monograph, 'World War II and the Tanzanian Economy', (published by Cornell University, African Studies and Research Centre) one can get a sense of the kind of conditions into which Walter Rodney entered this world. This reflection on the war was also contained in a paper delivered by Walter Rodney in London on comparisons between Tanzania and Guyana under colonialism. War and the destruction of human lives by capitalism were constantly on the mind of Walter Rodney.
Secondary Education in Guyana
Walter Rodney was brought into this world in the midst of war, conceived by Guyanese working class activists who were very much part of the anti colonial struggles of the society. Rodney was born on March 23, 1942 in Bent Street, Georgetown, where he grew up and spent his childhood. After attending primary school, he won an open exhibition scholarship to Queen's College, then one of the elite schools in the colony. Rodney grew up in a time of ferment in Guyana and he paid close attention to what was happening in his society while excelling in every area of life that he participated in. He was involved as a school cadet, as a debater, as a member of the sports team and was known to be a very good bridge and chess player. Rodney came to adulthood when the questions of the centrality of the working people in the future of the country were being debated (with words and with imperial intervention). Both of his parents were active in the Peoples Progressive Party (PPP) led by Cheddi Jagan and were outspoken in their opposition to racism, colonialism and imperialism. Walter Rodney often attended political meetings with his mother and went around distributing anti-colonial literature himself.
Walter distinguished himself in high school and in 1960 won another open scholarship, this time to the University of the West Indies (UWI) campus at Mona, Jamaica. In Jamaica, he was an active supporter of Caribbean Unity and he traveled extensively in Jamaica supporting the West Indian Federation during the referendum of 1961. Three years later, he obtained a degree in history with First Class (top) Honors.
While as an undergraduate he was outspoken in the defense of the poor and his activities were monitored by the Jamaican police, who were afraid of the strident defense of the rights of ordinary people. As an undergraduate, he was already writing and contributing to scholarly journals on the issues of slavery and capitalism. In one particular essay entitled, "The Slave," Walter brought out not only the humanity of the enslaved African, but the capacity to organize and rebel under the most brutal conditions.
Walter Rodney in London
In 1963, he received yet another scholarship, to study African History at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London. At that period, the questions of decolonization in all parts of the world were being debated. The legacies of the post war agitation by Africans who were involved in the West African Students Union (WASU) had inspired a spirit of cooperation beyond national boundaries. In London he deepened his understanding of Pan Africanism and was in contact with students from Africa and the Caribbean. C. L. R. James provided the bridge between these communities. James had been a member of the International African Service Bureau (IASB) and had cooperated with George Padmore, W.E. B Dubois, Jomo Kenyatta and Kwame Nkrumah in placing the decolonization question squarely before the British political leaders and peoples. Walter was a member of the group of Caribbean workers and students who studied and debated with C.L. R. James. These study sessions included the cream of the anti colonial youth who were being trained in Europe at that time.
In 1966, at the age of 24, Rodney received his PhD. His doctoral thesis was published in 1970 as 'A History of the Upper Guinea Coast, 1545-1800'. Because of the scholarly breakthroughs in this study, Rodney's work was published in the most distinguished Journals of African History and he made a name for himself as a pre - eminent African historian. It was while in London when he married Patricia.
Rodney and Tanzania
His first job in academia was an appointment as lecturer in history at the University of Dar es Salaam, in Tanzania, East Africa. At that time, Tanzania was the Headquarters of the OAU Liberation Committee. In 1964 the Zanzibar revolution had radicalized the politics of East Africa and in 1967 the Tanzanian government launched the Arusha Declaration. Che Guevara had also traveled through Tanzania on his way to fight in the Congo.
Returned to Jamaica
In 1968, he returned to Jamaica to lecture at Mona campus, his old university. Rodney's second coming to Jamaica coincided with the rise of mass political activity on the island, activity in which he became deeply involved. He worked closely with poor people and "grounded" with Rastafarians in Kingston and other parts of the country. He was constantly under surveillance by the police but was not intimidated. The scholarly work of Rodney increased while he was publishing for journals, but he found time for working with the ordinary people. In this regard, Walter was the quintessential organic intellectual.
Rodney was very popular with the Jamaican masses, but his activism was frowned upon by the middle classes who felt that he was wasting his time with the Rastafari. At that time, the Rastafari were considered "outcasts" and "criminals." The influence of Walter Rodney on the lyrics of Bob Marley can be seen from reading 'Groundings' and listening to the Album 'Survival' by Bob Marley. (See Walter Rodney, 'Groundings With My Brothers') In seeking to respect the culture of the people, Rodney participated in numerous sessions teaching the history of Africa in poor communities. For this, he provoked the wrath of the Jamaican government, which claimed that he was a threat
to national security.
The year 1968 was historic in the uprisings all over the world. Walter Rodney attended the Black Writers Conference in Montreal in October 1968. On his return to Jamaica, the government banned Rodney from Jamaica. The JLP government sent him back to Canada on the same plane on which he had arrived. The ban resulted in major uprisings in Kingston. This was a demonstration of the love that the people had
Students marched on government offices and ordinary people in Kingston, angry at the expulsion of the beloved "Brother Wally," joined the demonstration, which eventually turned into a popular uprising. The event, which became known as the "Rodney affair," resounded throughout the Caribbean. Some of the public presentations Rodney gave in Jamaica were published in a small book, 'The Groundings with My Brothers'.
After his expulsion from Jamaica, Rodney spent time in Toronto, Canada and in this period traveled to Cuba. In early 1969 he returned to Tanzania, where he resumed teaching at the University of Dar es Salaam. At this time, The University of Dar es Salaam was a magnet for all of those in Africa thinking through the issues of liberation and freedom. These ideas were debated at the University of Dar es Salaam. It was in this intellectual milieu when he published his best-known work, 'How Europe Underdeveloped Africa'. This book broke with the Eurocentric conceptions of African history and immediately the book became one of the most widely-read and influential books on Africa and the third world in general.
In addition to his scholarly pursuits, Rodney was deeply involved in working with those dedicated to freedom and emancipation. He gave classes to the Workers at the Urafiki Textile Mill near the University and traveled on weekends to communal villages. Tanzania was then undergoing a revolutionary experiment, and it also served as the headquarters for many liberation movements from various parts of Africa. Rodney, who considered study and struggle inseparable, was involved in all of these activities.
He was central to the development of an intellectual tradition that became known as the Dar es Salaam School. His numerous writings on the subjects of socialism, imperialism, working class struggles and Pan Africanism and slavery contributed to a body of knowledge that came to be known as the Dar es Salaam School of Thought. Issa Shivji, Mahmood Mamdani, Claude Ake, Archie Mafeje, Yash Tandon, John Saul, Dan Nabudere, O Nnoli, Clive Thomas and countless others participated in the debates on transformation and liberation in the University. He traveled extensively throughout East Africa and was one of the founders of the History Teachers Workshop of Tanzania. This workshop assigned themselves the task of rewriting the text books for high school students in Tanzania. One of the results of these debates was the effort of the World Bank and western donors to prop up a conservative brand of economic theory in the University. By the end of the eighties, World Bank thinkers and consultants were blaming Walter Rodney for the radical thinking in the University of Dar Es Salaam.
Return to the Caribbean.
Walter was a teacher, a political activist, a father and husband. Two of his children, Kanini and Asha were born in Tanzania. His son, Shaka Rodney was born in Jamaica in 1968.
Walter always wanted to return to the Caribbean and he wanted his children to know Guyana. Hence in 1974 he moved with his family back. Initially, he was appointed as Professor of History at the University of Guyana. The government of Guyana, however, canceled the appointment. Because of his independence and clarity of ideas, the government thought that he would leave. Out of paid work, he refused to leave the country. Instead, over the next six years he threw himself into independent research and political organization. He increased his work as an international scholar, teaching and researching on a full time basis. Many did not understand how he could work full time as an activist in the Working Peoples Alliance (WPA) and remain committed as a serious scholar.
Walter threw himself into the study of the Guyanese working people and brought out a study of Guyanese plantations in the 19th century. He was involved in a three volume study of the Guyanese working people but before it was complete, he was assassinated on June 13, 1980. After his assassination, the first volume, 'A History of the Guyanese Working People', 1881-1905 was published by John Hopkins University Press. This book provided the historical foundations for the political movement he played a central role in founding and leading until his death, the Working People's Alliance (WPA). More than anything else, the WPA was committed to the politics of reconciliation among all racial groups in Guyana, beginning with the working people.
The dominant theme in Rodney's life and work, intellectual and political, is a deep and abiding commitment to the struggles of the working people everywhere for emancipation from all forms of oppression. It was the principle for which he lived, and the principle for which he died. His last major project was the writing of books for children. It was his view that only when children learnt proper history and respect for others that the struggles against racial insecurity could be overcome. Two children's books were produced. His legacy remains an inspiration to lovers of justice and human dignity the world over.
Walter Rodney was assassinated on June 13, 1980. He had traveled one month earlier to Zimbabwe in Southern Africa to celebrate the independence of Zimbabwe. He had been under house arrest and the political leadership panicked when they learnt that he had met the Prime Minister and leaders of the Zimbabwean struggle.
From 1979 Rodney was under constant surveillance and close colleagues of Rodney were killed in 1979 (Ohene Kahama) and in 1980 (Edward Dublin). Finally, they killed him on June 13; murdered by a bomb concealed in a walkie-talkie. The man who handed the Walkie Talkie to Walter was whisked out of Guyana and protected by international imperialism until he expired nearly twenty years later.
His death shocked Guyanese of all racial groups, women, men, and youth. He had dedicated the latter part of his life to bridging the divisions between the people of Guyana only to end up paying with his life. Rodney was not just a Guyanese figure. He was also known worldwide, especially in the Caribbean and Africa, where he enjoyed great popularity for his solidarity with the struggles of the working people. It was for this reason Eusi Kwayana termed him as the 'prophet of self emancipation'.


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Official Blog of International City Theatre
« 2018 Season
About Daddy Long Legs- ICT's 2018 Headliner!
Based on the classic novel that inspired the 1955 movie with Fred Astaire, International City Theatre is thrilled to be starting our 2018 Season with a heartwarming new musical, Daddy Long Legs. Having just closed Off-Broadway in June 2016, Daddy Long Legs has piqued the interest of many theatre-goers, intrigued by this historic, two person show. With an award winning score by Paul Gordon and a touching book by John Caird, Daddy Long Legs is a Cinderella story perfect for the whole family.
Jerusha Abbott is the oldest orphan in the John Grier home until a mysterious benefactor decides to send her to college to become a writer. Required to write him a letter once a month, she is never to know the benefactor's identity – so she invents one for him; Daddy Long Legs. Although she knows that he will never respond to her letters, so grows fonder of this elusive kindly "old" gentleman. Yet, there is one startling fact that Jerusha has yet to uncover – a fact that will change her life forever. Daddy Long Legs is a beloved rags-to-riches tale of newfound love, in the spirit of Jane Austen, the Bronte Sisters, and Downton Abbey.
Daddy Long Legs opened Off-Broadway at the Davenport Theatre in 2015, and close June of 2016 after 309 performances. During their run off-Broadway, Daddy Long Legs made theatre history on December 10, 2015 by being the first production, on or off Broadway, to be live-streamed from New York City. While the production didn't hit the New York scene until 2015, Daddy Long Legs first premiered at the Rubicon Theatre in California in 2009. Before making it Off-Broadway, Daddy Long Legs was taken to London (West-End), Tokyo, & Canada where they show was well-received among audiences everywhere. After closing Off-Broadway, Daddy Long Legs also had three month run in Seoul, South Korea, and continues to be performed in regional theaters around the globe.
Daddy Long Legs has earned itself 13 award nominations, including Best New Musical, and 4 awards, including The Drama Desk Awards 'Outstanding Book of a Musical' in 2016. In addition to their awards and accolades, Daddy Long Legs has been charming audiences of all ages, all across the world and ICT's production will certainly be no exceptions. Daddy Long Legs will perform at the Beverly O'Neill Theatre at Long Beach Performing Arts Center from February 21st-March 11th, 2018. To buy tickets or inquire about season subscriptions, please visit www.InternationalCityTheatre.com or call the box office at 562-436-4610.
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Chelebi Mount Elgon you want to go here, great weather, great people and lovely sights once you get past the climbing. While here I was hosted by families who were kind enough to open there homes and time to me. On two consecutive morning's I noticed some beautiful light in the Kitchen and I couldn't resist shooting.
A few months back I took a walk with fellow photographers Joe Makeni, Mwangi Kirubi, Paul Obuna, Hiuhu Murimi, Mutua Matheka, Kevin Shani and Steve Kitoto all members of one-touch live.Our desire was to capture the sights of Nairobi as we saw it, this hear is what I saw.
In 2013 safaricom Kenya Ltd started using young kenyan photographers to do pictures for their calendar.Now, the Safaricom calendar is a big deal both inside and outside the organisation so to do it is a great affair.The campaign was dubbed capture Kenya.In 2014 I was one of the photographers selected to be part of this campaign.It was a good ten days of showcasing Kenya's beauty that culminated in the 2015 calendar where three of my pictures got picked for June, July and September for the calendar.Here are some of my favourite from the campaign.
I finally decided it's time Kevin Ouma had a page exclusively dedicated to documentary work, where my first love is as a photographer. This is hope is the beginning of a great adventure for you my readers as well as for me as a photographer. Dive in as we explore the beauty that Kenya offers and the many people and place we shall interact with in pictures. I will do my best to give you something every week and on different topics from different places. KARIBU!


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Fujairah General Trading Enterprises (FGT)
Established in 1976, Fujairah General Trading Enterprises (FGT), a fully UAE National owned and run Company, is at present one of the leading building material stores in the UAE. With branches in Fujairah, Dubai and Ras Al Khaimah, we have a broad presence across the Country and are continually expanding and building on our 40 years' experience, expertise and dedication.
FGT represents many of the world's leading brands in civil & structural items, power tools, light & heavy machinery, Sanitary, hardware, electrical items and many more, boasting a wide range of products, estimated at approximately at 30,000 different line items, which is one of the key factors towards our success.
In order to further improve the experience of our customers, FGT can proudly announce the opening of its new service centre which has been authorized by several key brands such as Makita, Dewalt, Black & Decker, Stanley, Hitachi, Bosch and ESAB.


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 * @author mattmann
 * @version $Revision$
 *
 * <p>
 * A tool to output HTML documentation for {@link ProductType} policy xml files.
 * </p>.
 */
public final class ProductTypeDocTool {

    private String xslFilePath;

    private String outputDirPath;

    public ProductTypeDocTool(String xslFilePath, String outputDirPath) {
        this.xslFilePath = xslFilePath;
        this.outputDirPath = outputDirPath;
        if (!this.outputDirPath.endsWith("/")) {
            this.outputDirPath += "/";
        }
    }

    public void doProductTypeDoc(String productTypeXmlFilePath,
            String elementXmlFilePath) throws Exception {
        // copy element xml to current path
        FileUtils.copyFileToDirectory(new File(elementXmlFilePath), new File(
                "."));
        // copy product type xsl to current path
        FileUtils.copyFileToDirectory(new File(xslFilePath), new File("."));

        String xslLocalFilePath = new File(".").getAbsolutePath();
        if (!xslLocalFilePath.endsWith("/")) {
            xslLocalFilePath += "/";
        }
        xslLocalFilePath += new File(xslFilePath).getName();

        String elementLocalFilePath = new File(".").getAbsolutePath();
        if (!elementLocalFilePath.endsWith("/")) {
            elementLocalFilePath += "/";
        }

        elementLocalFilePath += new File(elementXmlFilePath).getName();

        Transformer xformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(
                new StreamSource(new File(xslLocalFilePath)));

        xformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
        String productTypeFileName = new File(productTypeXmlFilePath).getName();
        String outputProductTypeDocFileName = productTypeFileName.replaceAll(
                "xml", "html");

        Result result = new StreamResult(new File(outputDirPath
                + outputProductTypeDocFileName));

        xformer.transform(new StreamSource(new File(productTypeXmlFilePath)),
                result);

        // now cleanup
        new File(xslLocalFilePath).delete();
        new File(elementLocalFilePath).delete();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String productTypeXmlFilePath = null, xslFilePath = null, outputDirPath = null, elementXmlFilePath = null;
        String usage = "ProductTypeDocTool --productTypeXml <path> "
                + "--elementXml <path> --xsl <path> --out <dir path>\n";

        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
            if (args[i].equals("--productTypeXml")) {
                productTypeXmlFilePath = args[++i];
            } else if (args[i].equals("--xsl")) {
                xslFilePath = args[++i];
            } else if (args[i].equals("--out")) {
                outputDirPath = args[++i];
            } else if (args[i].equals("--elementXml")) {
                elementXmlFilePath = args[++i];
            }
        }

        if (productTypeXmlFilePath == null || xslFilePath == null
                || outputDirPath == null || elementXmlFilePath == null) {
            System.err.println(usage);
            System.exit(1);
        }

        ProductTypeDocTool tool = new ProductTypeDocTool(xslFilePath,
                outputDirPath);
        tool.doProductTypeDoc(productTypeXmlFilePath, elementXmlFilePath);
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


"I took this shot the evening of August 5th, 2013, over Kerhonkson, New York. If you look carefully beyond the light cloud cover, you can faintly see the Galactic Plane of the Milky Way Galaxy extending diagonally across the upper right part of the photo.
This photo was taken the night after I realized it was possible to get really decent shots of the stars with the camera I was using. That night, all I wanted to do was get solid photos of the night sky - to do that, I only wanted two things... to be far away from light sources, and be closer to the stars. So, on somewhat of a whim, I decided to set out at night with the specific goal of night photography - which I don't think I had ever done before, let alone drive an hour each way to do so.
I had told my Dad what I was planning and he questioned whether it was a good idea to drive far away at night just to take pictures (especially providing it's only a hobby of mine), but I legitimized it in my mind that many of the photographers I admire travel hundreds, if not thousands of miles away for their photography.
As for the location of where this was taken, I don't know how much time I spent in that specific area - time sort of stopped - it was maybe 2 hours or more, in almost total darkness, but this was one of the scenes I captured.
When I took it, I was actually bummed to see the clouds impeding the view of the stars (not to mention the trees being slightly lit up by an oncoming cars headlights in the distance), but now I think they give the picture a lot more character."
"I was on the Mid-Hudson Bridge taking pictures, and ran into a guy, who at first, I thought was homeless. He was dragging around a cart with lots of stuff on it. As I began to talk with him, I found out he is walking all though-out America, and has walked through 48 states. Through his "Love Life Walk", he has over 6,000 followers on Facebook. He was kind enough to pose for me with his trademark sign 'LOVE LIFE'. Photo courtesy of: Owl Ridge Studios."
"Wednesday was such a warm and beautiful day. Near sunset, I headed to Scenic Hudson's Long Dock Park in Beacon- my favorite local place to watch days' end. Other people had the same idea-just basking in the late day sun and warmth. I captured this image, and it gives me hope that winter is almost over and soon we will see the earth spring to life again."
For more information about Long Dock Park in Beacon, click here.
"There is very little in nature as inspiring as a Bald Eagle soaring above. I walk at the Ashokan Reservoir whenever I get the chance, not just for the beautiful scenery, but also for the thrill of seeing a Bald Eagle. There is no guarantee that I'll see one, so when I do it always stops me in my tracks. This beauty was dining on the ice and after being annoyed by a crow took off with the remainder of its meal. I will never forget this day, the beauty of that eagle against the many shades of blue of the frozen water will be with me forever."
"On June 21st, I sort of unexpectedly found myself in Tivoli, New York. So, being the summer solstice, and an especially bright night, I figured I'd try to take some photos and see what I'd get. Little did I know I'd pretty much hit the jackpot of things to photograph, right then and there. Only... after taking maybe a dozen or two photos, my battery died.
Luckily, I had a second one on me, and saw something I really wanted to get, but, it was such an "on" night, that some other scenes caught my attention before I got to it. A little later, I made it to what seemed like it might just make for some of the most intriguing photos I've taken to date. I was looking into woods, that were filled with literally hundreds of lightning bugs, all under a canopy of stars in the sky. I felt as if I stumbled into my own photographic dream.
Though, as if a direct message from fate, itself, I wasn't to capture the amazing sight I beheld, at least not the way I expected to. My second battery failed as I was planning my shots - what are the odds? So, instead, with an inoperative camera, I just appreciated it for what it was, and took in the sight for a while - a dark, deep green forest sparkling with bioluminescence, under one of the clearest night skies I recall seeing last year.
Afterward, I called my Dad and told him about it, and how I didn't get the exact shots I wanted. He said, "What's important is that you were there to experience it actually happening - remember it well. You'll always have that memory." Excellent point.
I did, however, get one memento. This particular photo, here, would've been one I'd have thrown away - as I took it to help me adjust my settings, get my bearings and frame my upcoming shots. It was the first time I had ever photographed lightning bugs, and the last shot I gotten before my battery died - a prelude to the now un-taken photos I had envisioned. But, it gives you an idea of the moment I had found myself in."
"Snow-shoeing along the huge meadow at Croton Point Park, I was alone and enjoying the quiet and sheer beauty of the sunny March day. In the distance, I saw what at first looked like a dog, but as I watched it move, I wasn't so sure. Coyote, perhaps ? He kept stopping and looking at me, but kept ascending up the hill. I waited until he reached the horizon, and took this shot. It was a starkly beautiful moment, that warm-colored coyote against the cool blue of the sky and cooler white of the snow."
"Rosie, my dog, has a favorite hike and that is most definitely Mount Beacon. One of the more popular and accessible hikes in the Hudson Valley, Mount Beacon is the highest peak of the Hudson Highlands. There was once the Mount Beacon Incline Railway which stopped running in 1978; the track remnants can be seen running up the mountain. This photo was taken on a late September afternoon after a run up Mt. Beacon with my two favorite souls, pictured in this photo."
"I happened to be driving on the Shawangunk Mountains Scenic Byway (Route 44/55) near Kerhonkson, the evening of July 18th, 2013, when the setting sun over the Rondout Valley and Catskill Mountains caught my eye. I happened to have a DSLR camera and telephoto lens on me, and wanted to see what sort of shots I could get from one of the scenic lookout points. I was the first person to pull over, but was soon joined by a number of other photographers and interested drivers with mobile phones, all capturing the same moment you see here. This particular stretch of road is a favorite of mine in the summer, and you can often catch a decent sunset there, on any given evening."
For more information on the Shawangunk Mountains Scenic Byway, click here.
"I took a ride to Sojourner Truth Park to look at the Hudson River after one of the first snowfalls in 2014. As I was driving back up the road toward Ulster Landing Road, I was struck by the snowy beauty of the trees along the way. I pulled my car over and stepped out to snap a few photos. This one was my favorite and it will always remind me of that lovely first snowfall."


text:
China is launching an investigation into a market that's expected to hit $1 trillion by 2020
Brenda Goh,
Shelves displaying medicines are seen at a pharmacy in Shanghai.
SHANGHAI (Reuters) - China's price regulator plans to launch a "large-scale and systematic" anti-trust investigation soon into foreign and local drug firms, state newspaper China Daily said, citing a source close to the regulator.
The planned probe comes after China's state planning agency recently summoned U.S. pharmaceutical firm Pfizer, as well as a number of distribution companies and medical device manufacturers, to collect data and information, the newspaper said on Saturday.
It said that the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), which wants to improve order in the drug market, is collecting evidence to see whether these companies may have violated competition regulations, though there was no proof so far that any currently do.
The NDRC did not respond to calls and a fax from Reuters outside office hours seeking comment.
A spokeswoman for Pfizer said the company did not comment on media speculation or market rumors.
China is pursuing an ambitious program of healthcare reforms to improve the public health system and to reduce its reliance on generic and more innovative drugs from overseas.
The country's fast-growing healthcare market is a magnet for global drug makers, medical device firms and hospital operators, all looking to take a slice of a healthcare bill that is expected to hit $1 trillion by 2020, according to McKinsey & Co.
(Reporting by Brenda Goh; Editing by Ed Davies)
NOW WATCH: British entrepreneurs are bottling fresh air and selling it to China for $115 a pop
More: Reuters China Pharmaceuticals Healthcare
Reuters Health


text:
Die Trampeltonne war ein Gerät der Kürschner, später der spezialisierten Rauchwarenzurichter, als Werkzeug der Rauchwaren- beziehungsweise Pelzzurichtung, dem Gerben von Pelzfellen. In einem der nachfolgenden Arbeitsgänge erfuhren die Felle noch einmal eine ähnliche Behandlung im ähnlichen Tretstock.

Funktionsweise

Aus dem frühen Mittelalter ist die erste Erwähnung der Trampeltonne bekannt. Sie hatte die Größe einer normalen, vier bis fünf Fuß hohen Wassertonne. Darin wurden die vorher mit Salz oder Alaun konservierten Rohfelle mit nackten Füßen so lange getrampelt, bis sie den erwünschten Grad an Weichheit erlangt hatten.

In der Firmengeschichte des englischen Unternehmens C. W. Martin & Sons Ltd., gegründet 1823, Pelzveredler und Rauchwarenhandlung, insbesondere für Robbenfelle, ist aus der Zeit folgende Episode vermerkt. Das Treten wurde dank moderner Maschinen und Chemikalien langsam überflüssig und die "Tubbers" genannten Felltrampler der Firma hatten keine Beschäftigung mehr und drohten arbeitslos zu werden. Zu ihrem Schrecken machte einer der Geschäftsinhaber einen Firmenrundgang. Schnell sprangen sie, wie üblich, barfuß und nur mit Hemden bekleidet, in die leeren Tonnen ("tubs") und täuschten fleißiges Trampeln vor. Dies fiel jedoch auf und der Chef wurde gesehen, wie er, mit einem Besen drohend, die hosenlosen Tubbers über den Hof jagte. Eine andere Beschreibung des im Englischen als "Leathering" bezeichneten Prozesses in einem "enormen" Fass besagte sogar, die Gentlemen hätten im Allgemeinen bei ihrer Arbeit nichts angehabt ("mid nodings on"). Es wäre seltsam anzusehen gewesen, wie die Männer, die Arme auf den Tonnenrand gelehnt, bei völliger Stille ihre monotonen und pappigen Übungen in der Tretmühle machten. Sie wären aber trotzdem geschickte Arbeiter. Das beständige Treten erzeugte durch die Reibung Hitze. Der Arbeiter musste aufpassen, dass er nicht den Punkt verpasste, an dem die Felle aus der Tonne herausgenommen werden mussten. War die Zeit zu kurz, war das Leder nicht gleichmäßig durchgefettet. War sie zu lang, wurde das Haar matt und die Felle waren unwiderruflich ruiniert. Gröbere Felle wurden zu der Zeit bereits in einer Maschine "getrampelt", von Walkkolben die in Trögen arbeiteten. Noch 1936 wurde das Trampeln mit bloßen Füßen in einem Londoner Fachbuch als gängige Praxis für feine und hochwertige Felle erwähnt.

Einer Beschreibung aus dem Jahr 1762 ist zu entnehmen, dass die Kürschner üblicherweise eine bestimmte Anzahl von Bälgen in die Tonne schichteten:
 300 Stück weiße oder schwarze Rehe, oder 200 weiße Hasenbälge, oder 250 Kaninchenfelle, 50 Schuppen (Waschbärfelle), 60 Stück Dachse, oder 8 Eisbärfelle, 100 Stück virginische Iltisse, 60 Stück Murmeltierfelle oder ebenso viel Vielfraße oder 6 Leopardenfelle. Zobel wurden dagegen warm im Tretstock getreten.

 Die Felle wurden auf der Lederseite mit Butter oder Schweineschmalz eingerieben, Haar- auf Haarseite, mit dem Leder nach außen, in die Trampeltonne eingeschichtet. Die Zeitdauer des Trampelns der fetten Bälge wurde hier mit ungefähr drei Stunden angegeben. Nach dem "Fettgerben" wurden die Felle mit Salzwasser eingestrichen und das Aas, erst auf der Kürschnerbank mit dem scharfen Messer, dann auf der Pökelbank mit dem stumpfen Messer, abgeschabt und anschließend getrocknet.
 Nach einem weiteren Treten, diesmal im beheizten Tretstock, wurden sie durch die zugegebenen Sägespäne vom Fett befreit. Waren die Haare danach noch nicht völlig fettfrei, kamen sie noch einmal für eine Stunde in die Trampeltonne, diesmal zusammen mit einer Mischung aus je zur Hälfte Sand und Gips. Nach dem Ausklopfen des Reinigungsgemisches mit Klopfstöcken wurde das Leder noch einmal mit Salzwasser bestrichen und noch einmal über das stumpfere Abzieheisen gezogen, auch Pökeleisen oder Bälger genannt, um es "recht weiß und rein" zu schaben.

Im Jahr 1925 wurde die Trampeltonne dann als mechanisches, elektrisch angetriebenes Gerät beschrieben, das anstelle einer Kurbel- oder Hammerwalke für feinere Pelzsorten benutzt wird, weil bei ihrer Anwendung die sonst bestehende Gefahr wesentlich vermindert wird, dass durch die Schlagwirkung die Haare geknickt oder verfilzt werden:
 "Die Trampeltonne arbeitet anstatt mit Hämmern, mit Stahlkugeln oder Kugeln aus Bockholz, deren Durchmesser ungefähr 12 cm beträgt. Bei der Füllung der Tonne ist darauf zu achten, daß die Kugeln nicht an die Außenwände schlagen, sondern immer voll in den Fellen arbeiten können."

Eine in den USA 1949 als "tramping machine" oder "kicker" bezeichnete Maschine enthielt zwei senkrecht stehende hölzerne "Beine", an denen einige schmale Holzböcke befestigt waren. Diese bewegten sich abwechselnd vor und zurück in einem halbkreisförmigen Fass oder einer Wanne, nahezu wie ein paar Beine oder Füße.

Fellbehandlung der Bantu
Das Weichreiben, Weichkneten oder das Weichkauen bei den Inuit sind Urformen der Aufbereitung der Rohfelle, um sie für den Menschen tragbar zu machen. Der französische Missionar Eugène Casalis (1812–1891) berichtete von den Bantustämmen:
 "Ein ungewöhnlicher Lärm ruft uns in das Dorf zurück; es ist ein vielstimmiges Grunzen und Glucksen, vermischt mit schrillen Schreien, deren Misstöne einem vollkommenen Rhythmus unterworfen sind. Man meint, einen Chor von Bären, Wildschweinen und Affen zu hören. Dieser ganze Heidenlärm hat zum Mittelpunkt eine Ochsenhaut, welche weichgemacht werden soll, um sich dem Körper eines Zweifüßlers anzuschmiegen. Ein Dutzend Männer hockender Stellung fassen sie bald hier bald dort an, reiben sie zwischen den Händen, quetschen, kneten sie mit solcher Schnelligkeit, teilen ihr so seltsame Bewegungen mit, dass sie sich unter der Misshandlung, die ihr widerfährt, zu beleben scheint. Jede Kraftäußerung, jede Drehung ist begleitet von einem jener seltsamen Töne, von denen wir uns keine Rechenschaft geben können. Je mehr das Werk fortschreitet, um so mehr nehmen die Kraft und die Schnelligkeit zu; bald steigern sie sich zu wahrer Raserei. Der Lärm, die hinreißende Gewalt der Rhythmus scheinen den Arbeitern den Verstand zu benehmen. Die einen drücken ihrem Rücken die anmutigen Bewegungen der Gazelle auf, noch andere ergötzen sich mit den Enden der Haut wie die Katze mit der Maus. Plötzlich hört der Lärm auf; der Mantel ist weich wie ein Handschuh, man trägt ihn in einem Triumphgeschrei davon, und die Lärmmacher stärken sich an einigen Krügen Bier, der einzigen Belohnung, welche sie erwarten."

Weblinks

Siehe auch
 Pelzzurichtung

Einzelnachweise

Behälter nach Verwendung
Pelzherstellung
Holzbehälter


Can I use my old FitKit with the Evo Clamp foot?
Can I use the WingBar Evo or new SquareBar with a different Thule foot pack?
Will N Series locks fit in the Evo Clamp and Evo Raised Rail?
Will my current bars work with the new Evo Clamp and Evo Raised Rail?
If no special fitting positions are given in the assembly instructions, a minimum distance of 24" between the load rack bars is mandatory. The maximum distance is 36".


Renault completed a successful filming day at the Circuit de Ctalunya in Spain on Saturday.
The new car from Renault was unveiled during the week.
Immediately despatched to the Spanish circuit for pre-season testing, which begins on Monday, the team opted to use one of their two allocated filming days on Saturday. Filming days have become prime opportunities for teams to carry out initial shakedowns of their cars, ironing out any early problems that could result in lost testing time.
Both Nico Hulkenberg and Carlos Sainz got the chance to drive the new car over the course of the permitted 100 kilometres track time.
With Red Bull, Haas, Mercedes, Toro Rosso, Sauber, McLaren and now Renault already carrying out a filming day this week, just Williams, Ferrari and Force India are left to carry out their first laps with their new cars. Ferrari are due to use up their first filming day on Sunday at Catalunya.
🎥 Filming day… and the R.S.18 is alive!


See our South Dakota Indian Casino List below for casino and tribe informatrion.
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Slot machines, blackjack, craps, keno, poker and roulette.
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18 years of age for simulcast and live horse racing.
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Passion for quality: From scratch to feeling.
Our technical department, our craftsmen, artists as well as technicians, are the cradle of creation. The philosophy we apply to our creations is also the way we approach our work in practice: We create spaces and objects that people can actually live with, not just photo opportunities.
We live the space. From the design studio to the showroom, the workshop and the office.
Even our showroom window is a real space rather than a set. We think, create and live in all three dimensions.
Our craftsmen, who have been with us for many years, are masters of handmade furniture, experts on materials, and people who love the process of creation, all the way from design to the end product. In our workshop, creativity meets practical thinking, and technical issues are resolved… Art and technical expertise come together in perfect harmony. Our passion for quality and timeless perfection is what guides us in selecting the imported brands we represent.
There is no industrial line of production. Everything we make goes through the capable hands and the exacting gaze of our master craftsmen.
Here, we create from scratch, but we also recreate objects and furniture based on our clients' requirements; we find inspiration and develop new design forms.
Our company has a long history and many years of experience in special projects, wainscoting, tailored solutions for very large or very small spaces, wood panelling of entire rooms, or custom-designed shelving units that include space for a TV set, special mechanisms, bars, and everything else our clients require, designed specifically to cater to their needs ergonomically, efficiently and with impeccable style. Wood, leather, exotic timber and other, cutting-edge materials, harmoniously combined – our creative challenge when it comes to special projects.
All these projects require specialized knowledge and technical expertise in order to achieve the desired result.
We apply the same diligence in our approach to furniture alterations or adaptations, when the clients' needs change, and the same attention to detail when we renovate old furniture. Craftsmen are often asked to work on pieces that they made themselves years ago, to modernize or restore them. We and our crafts men put our souls into the objects and spaces we create, and build relationships for life. There is a long process of testing, numerous drafts and models, several hours in the studio and on the drawing board, and just as many trying out different colors, materials or textiles, before any of our creations are deemed perfect enough to enter our showroom.
We take After Sales very seriously. We respond immediately and are always available to visit clients at their premises, so that their issue, whether it's damage to a piece of furniture or alterations due to moving, can be resolved promptly… This, after all, is one of the most important reasons why we've been so successful in this business for all these years.
Our furniture lives along its owners, and we're by their side, as technical experts, as a creative force and, most of all, as people.


text:
Q: Why is the logistic distribution called "logistic"? What is "logistic" about the logistic distribution, in a common sense way? What is the etymology of and the lexical rationale for the name, not just pure math definition?

A: The source document for the name "logistic" seems to be this 1844 presentation by P.-F. Verhulst, "Recherches mathématiques sur la loi d'accroissement de la population," in NOUVEAUX MÉMOIRES DE L'ACADÉMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES ET BELLES-LETTRES DE BRUXELLES, vol. 18, p 3.
He differentiated what we would now call exponential growth of population when resources are essentially unlimited (as seen for example in the growth of the US population in the late 18th and early 19th centuries) from the slower growth when resource limits begin to be reached.
What we call exponential growth, however, he called a "logarithmique" curve (page 6).
He then developed a formula for population growth in the presence of resource limits, and said of the resulting curve:
"Nous donnerons le nom de logistique à la courbe..." which I translate as "We call the curve logistic..." (original emphasis).
That would seem to be intended to distinguish this growth pattern from the "logarithmique" growth in the absence of resource limits, as the figure at the end of the paper illustrates.

The specific form of the equation presented by Verhulst allows for an arbitrary upper asymptote (eq. 5, page 9), while the form we know and love in statistics is the specific case with an asymptote of 1.

A: The logistic distribution is not a common distribution in analysis, but it ties together the notion of a latent underlying continuous variable which is thresholded in binary outcomes. It turns out that thresholding a logistic RV (to 1 if the RV is greater than some unknown value and 0 otherwise) and calculating a maximum likelihood leads to logistic regression. Contrast this approach with thresholding a normally distributed random variable which leads to probit regression. Applying multiple thresholds leads to cumulative link models.
Now, if your question concerned logistic regression, the term was coined by David Cox in 1958 "The regression analysis of binary sequences (with discussion)" in JRRS. He used the term to the logistic, sigmoidal shape of the modeled mean. For describing the process of a curve which models probabilities that accumulate according to a probabilistically sound way, the term "logistic" is an intuitive choice and the nomenclature stuck.

A: (Cross-posted from History of Science and Mathematics: source of "logistic growth"?)
As Ed states, the term logistic is due to the Belgian mathematician Pierre François Verhulst, who invented the logistic growth model, and named it logistic (French: logistique) in his 1845 "Recherches mathématiques sur la loi d'accroissement de la population", p. 8:

Nous donnerons le nom de logistique à la courbe

We will give the name logistic to the curve

He does not explain why he uses this term, but it is presumably by analogy with arithmetic, geometric, and in contrast to logarithmic (per text and illustration that Ed includes).
The French term logistique is from Ancient Greek λογιστικός (logistikós, "practiced in arithmetic; rational"), from λογίζομαι (logízomai, "I reason, I calculate"), from λόγος (lógos, "reason, computation"), whence English logos, logic, logarithm, etc. In Ancient Greek mathematics, logistikós was a division of mathematics: practical computation and accounting, in contrast to ἀριθμητική (arithmētikḗ), the theoretical or philosophical study of numbers. Confusingly, today we call practical computation arithmetic, and don't use logistic to refer to computation.
Verhulst first discusses the arithmetic growth and geometric growth models, referring to arithmetic progression and geometric progression, and calling the geometric growth curve a logarithmic curve (confusingly, the modern term is instead exponential curve, which is the inverse), then follows with his new model of "logistic" growth, which is presumably named by analogy, after a traditional division of mathematics, and in contrast to the logarithmic curve. The term logarithm is itself derived as log-arithm, from Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos) and ἀριθμός (arithmós), the sources respectively of logistic and arithmetic.
There is no connection with logis (lodging), though that is the source of the term logistics (1830).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Euler force for pendulum Hello I have a question related to the Euler force. Why is this force never considered for a simple pendulum?
As far as I understand, Euler force is given by (assume I would consider the 2d pendulum in a 3D space, that the quantities are vectors)
\begin{equation}
\boldsymbol{\dot{\omega}} \times \mathbf{r}
\end{equation}
This means for the force to vanish, $\boldsymbol{\dot{\omega}} = 0$, or $\mathbf{r} = 0$, or the vectors must point in the same direction. I do not see why one of these conditions is satisfied.

A: It is an inertial pseudo-force arising when you are in a non galilean frame. $\omega$ is then the radial velocity of your reference frame relative to a galilean frame. Here it is not the case.
If you build an observatory at the end of your pendulum, though, experiences carried on in it would have to take it into account.


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