text:
The Good Place: The Snowplow
October 11, 2018 6:01 PM - Season 3, Episode 3 - Subscribe
An announcement from someone in the group threatens to tear them apart.
posted by numaner (82 comments total) 13 users marked this as a favorite
A whole more year! This show is blazing! So I assume Eleanor keeps getting these mysterious winning lottery tickets? 'Cause $18K doesn't seem like it'll go that long for living expenses, unless Australia is on a completely different scale. Also, I didn't know they also have scratch offs!
I love that Larry was on the magazine last week and now he's actually there! Also, the whole "I won't talk about your brothers if you don't mention my sister!" part was great.
I hope the Australian chapter of the Jags has a better cheer than Jason's.
I wouldn't be surprised if HierBnb is real and we commoners just don't know about it.
The little detail of Michael expecting Eleanor to not remember him at that moment (she might in the next episode when they put all the clues together), and then she, being as selfish as she is, really didn't remember, was greatly appreciated.
Man Simone is just so wonderful... I want more of her but I also can't realistically expect her to last into next season.
I can't help but think they overheard Michael and Janet and definitely heard their names mentioned.
Sooo is Michael gonna tell them the truth about the door? Is the judge gonna come busting through? Ahhhh what a cliffhanger!
posted by numaner at 6:06 PM on October 11, 2018 [2 favorites]
"Blake Beartles"
posted by DevilsAdvocate at 6:16 PM on October 11, 2018 [21 favorites]
So crazy it just might fail!
posted by jeather at 6:46 PM on October 11, 2018 [4 favorites]
I love how in this show you really cannot tell what the cliffhanger will be until the very last moment.
("Wait, so next episode will take place in Jacksonville?", "Oh, is Michael resetting our Earth year?", "The growing concern on Janet's face! :( I wonder what she's doing, as soon as Michael opens the door." and then of course the Brainy Bunch shows up. All in a hot minute or so.)
I'm glad they're changing course (again), the snowplowing of Michael and Janet was getting a bit too much for my taste towards the end.
posted by bigendian at 7:17 PM on October 11, 2018 [8 favorites]
To be fair, not that she isn't selfish, in this timeline to her Michael is a bartender that served Eleanor a drink and chatted briefly with her, while she was drunk, two full years earlier. The conversation turned out to be life changing, but that wouldn't have been apparent at the time.
In any case, omg you guys - I thought this show ate plot earlier, but it's just going faster and faster. It's thrilling.
posted by Homeboy Trouble at 9:13 PM on October 11, 2018 [4 favorites]
I'm so protective of and enthralled with this show that it pains me to say I'm just not feeling this season. The whole study/Brainy Bunch group dynamics just doesn't make much sense. There's a lot of effort to explain who wants what and why. Australia is an inherently less magical and droll setting than the afterlife. It all just feels forced and the one-liners are carrying the whole weight for me.
My hope is we get the whole group reunited and off earth next episode.
posted by argybarg at 9:37 PM on October 11, 2018 [15 favorites]
CA-CAAAW!
posted by mochapickle at 2:36 AM on October 12, 2018 [12 favorites]
Janet is so much more herself when she has the entirety of existence downloaded into her.
posted by Thorzdad at 5:18 AM on October 12, 2018 [7 favorites]
So you can say "dick" at 8:30 now, I guess. Twice.
(What even is the Good Place euphemism for "dick"? Did that ever come up?)
posted by Etrigan at 5:52 AM on October 12, 2018 [1 favorite]
T-M-Zed is slaying me.
posted by annathea at 6:37 AM on October 12, 2018 [19 favorites]
I think this episode was necessary scaffolding for the season, but if they're leaving earth now, I'm thrilled. The things that make the show especially charming -- the absurdity, the time spent explicitly discussing or showing philosophical problems HELLO THE TROLLEY PROBLEM MY FAVOURITE POOR CHIDI -- have gotten short shrift compared to lightly angsty interpersonal dynamics, deliberate bad jokes (Michael versus Trevor), bad accents, and a certain sitcominess.
But I'm still here for the run.
posted by maudlin at 6:38 AM on October 12, 2018 [3 favorites]
If only Michael had overheard the "Us vs Them" explanation from Simone he might not have freaked out so much, because clearly he's going through the same crisis Eleanor is with the threat of the group breaking up.
So, we've tied into the Pawnee universe with "paunch burger" references, and now we've connected to Kimmy Schmidt with Tahani's reference to trading "blimp hangers".
I'm glad that this latest development might force some kind of turn in strategy/focus. Given the very high bar of the points system (which I'm assuming were valid, given Michael and Janet's current conversations on the system) then all four could become much better versions of themselves or even objectively great people but still fall far short of the criteria for getting into The Good Place. Plus, even if some/all of them did, the Judge could invalidate them because of Michael & Janet's interference.
posted by mikepop at 6:39 AM on October 12, 2018 [1 favorite]
Something I didn't even register, but was brought up on the podcast:
Jason asks Larry "Did Miley Cyrus write the song 'Wrecking Ball' about Chris's brother Liam?"
"Chris's brother Liam" would, of course, also be Larry's brother.
posted by Etrigan at 6:50 AM on October 12, 2018 [29 favorites]
I love Tahani's genteel references to wanting sex, and Eleanor's "I always get it" about all of Tahani's references.
HELLO THE TROLLEY PROBLEM MY FAVOURITE POOR CHIDI
And then Michael forgot everything he learned about the trolley problem when he came up with a fire that would only harm five random strangers.
There is no justice in this universe or any other if I don't get to see Jason receive and cuddle Blake Beartles.
posted by gladly at 7:14 AM on October 12, 2018 [6 favorites]
They aren't doing Eleanor/Tahani, are they. They aren't ever doing it.
"It's called arson!"
SOUNDS RIGHT
posted by schadenfrau at 8:10 AM on October 12, 2018 [1 favorite]
Simone is hardcore from The Good Place. She is always intercepting the group to make sure Chidi and Eleanor and Tahani and Jason all stay together. She calls Chidi the cab to take him to Eleanor when she wants to leave the study, she runs into Eleanor after the engagement party and gently nudges her in the right direction. She is CONSTANTLY on her phone, probably reporting to the Good Place about what's going on. She is sooooo from The Good Place and is interested in the experiment as much as Michael and Janet are.
posted by Suffocating Kitty at 8:31 AM on October 12, 2018 [54 favorites]
Ooh I like this theory.
Also: "(What even is the Good Place euphemism for "dick"? Did that ever come up?)"
Maybe "dink"? I've adopted "ya fat dink" into my mental vocab thanks to this show I know.
posted by rewil at 8:45 AM on October 12, 2018 [3 favorites]
Eleanor's "I always get it" about all of Tahani's references.
That crystallized something that's been bugging me about Tahani this season. I feel like she didn't used to be as... obvious? about her references as she is now. Like, previously, she would have just said "...so I introduced him to my friend Gisele." and moved on without hammering it in. I haven't gone back and checked, but does anyone else have that feeling?
"Dink" is its own insult, and it doesn't track with "dick" in common (American) usage the way Bad Janet tends to employ it.
I don't know, "I haven't been this upset since my good friend Taylor was rudely upstaged by my other friend Kanye, who was defending my best friend, Beyoncé" feels pretty obvious
posted by JDHarper at 9:25 AM on October 12, 2018 [12 favorites]
I did think that this particular instance was a little much, but it actually makes a lot of sense if you look at the context - in previous seasons, Tahani always at least started out from a position of thinking she was in heaven (and thus had finally succeeded in proving the things she had spent her entire life trying to prove). Her insecurities are much, much worse now that she's still alive (wow, verb tenses are hard on this show)
posted by showbiz_liz at 9:31 AM on October 12, 2018 [12 favorites]
Oh, sure, she was obvious about it before, but I feel like she was more matter-of-fact about it, while "Gisele Bundchen, I mean..." was less "name drop" and more "name spike and do a name-touchdown-dance".
posted by Etrigan at 9:31 AM on October 12, 2018 [4 favorites]
And here I had assumed having Larry on the AUS Weekly cover last episode was a throwaway gag. Tahani does seem to be explaining both her name drops and her Britishisms more than previously.
I like that Michael and Janet took the time to decorate their abandoned journalism department for Christmas. Also, Janet's opposition to Tahani and Jason hooking up seemed mostly unrelated to how it would affect the group dynamic.
posted by ckape at 9:48 AM on October 12, 2018
"a different clock land"
posted by xtine at 11:32 AM on October 12, 2018 [17 favorites]
while "Gisele Bundchen, I mean..." was less "name drop" and more "name spike and do a name-touchdown-dance".
Eh, 50-50 I think. After all, she still didn't drop Tom Brady's name, just implied it.
posted by DevilsAdvocate at 11:41 AM on October 12, 2018 [1 favorite]
I thought for sure she was gonna, though.
posted by rhizome at 12:57 PM on October 12, 2018
I love that Tahani's reaction to the lottery ticket.
And that Eleanor was singing happy birthday to Chidi
posted by JDHarper at 4:17 PM on October 12, 2018 [8 favorites]
I was really looking forward to an episode set in Jacksonville.
posted by tobascodagama at 4:54 PM on October 12, 2018 [6 favorites]
So the thought occurred to me while watching this episode: The Wizard of Oz, but all of the characters are on the journey together.
On earth each person is going to teach others their "weakness": Chidi, ethics, then maybe Eleanor teaches everyone not to care so much what other people think, Tahani, class and grace or something, and Jason playfulness. That is, the thing that put them in the bad place is a thing that the others are missing.
Michael gets to humanize himself and learn them all (and maybe thereby becomes a better torturer for the Bad Place), and Janet is tech support/research assistant.
posted by rhizome at 5:11 PM on October 12, 2018 [7 favorites]
Welp, the pattern of COMPLETELY CHANGING THE GAME EVERY FOUR EPISODES continues apace....
I love this show so much.
posted by tzikeh at 7:07 PM on October 12, 2018 [3 favorites]
The Larry thing is both amusing and sad.
So if Eleanor won the lottery (and would a non-Aussie be allowed to win? Just wondering on the rules), how's Jason affording his stay? Just wondering.
Eleanor's moment with Simone was very touching. Why did I do that, indeed.
I look forward to Michael and Janet having to tell everyone they'd better shape up next week.
posted by jenfullmoon at 8:46 PM on October 12, 2018
I loved Simone and Eleanor's "me vs us" talk, but ended up distracted by the continuity errors with the leaves in Eleanor's hair.
posted by TwoStride at 10:02 PM on October 12, 2018 [1 favorite]
I... do not think they're leaving earth any time soon. Going through the door would mean hell for all of them. I think they still need to become better people on earth. You know, assuming the Judge is too busy freaking out about everything else to notice that the experiment got spoiled. I think now they have to try to be better people for each other, because they've had over a year together, no do-overs, and care about each other in a way they haven't before.
I dunno, I just don't think earth is a 4-ep detour.
posted by greermahoney at 10:19 PM on October 12, 2018 [3 favorites]
how's Jason affording his stay? Just wondering
he sleeps in dumpsters and eats the snacks Simone brings to the group
posted by numaner at 10:29 PM on October 12, 2018 [21 favorites]
You know, assuming the Judge is too busy freaking out about everything else to notice that the experiment got spoiled.
I bet the humans get captured and damned, which is what finally makes Janet realize that she has developed literally godlike powers. She's been dragging her feet this season but it seems like she could basically remake the universe at this point, once off Earth.
posted by showbiz_liz at 6:07 AM on October 13, 2018 [3 favorites]
So, two years have elapsed on Earth since Michael averted their deaths. That puts them in 2018 now, assuming they originally died in 2016 when the first season aired. This also lines up with the judge's rundown of current events. I expect they will now stop fast-forwarding so much, at least until there are more timeline shenanigans.
posted by mbrubeck at 8:35 AM on October 13, 2018
Timeline shenanigans are the best shenanigans
posted by tzikeh at 8:40 AM on October 13, 2018 [5 favorites]
This has to be the season that they break the points system, right? Or reveal it never existed? I mean, the whole thing is coo-coo bananas.
If the system exists and works sort of like they've described, then of Team Cockroach it's probably only Tahani who has a chance of getting into the real good place, if she starts using her wealth and fame for good with purer motivations. This should be obvious to Michael, Janet and Gen.
I don't get why this seems to be ignored. Or am I missing something?
posted by bjrn at 11:29 AM on October 13, 2018 [1 favorite]
Frankly I had forgotten about the point system outside of those ~two episodes.
posted by rhizome at 11:46 AM on October 13, 2018
I dunno I'm still mixed about this season. I would have loved it to totally switch from fantastical to reality: how do you be a good person when there's no real (or eternal) reward and the deck is stacked against you? I really didn't like Michael and Janet's constant intervening. You have to let the experiment run. Also the writing is missing something, this episode was just a montage of things happening, too much tell no show. I want to see the work. Also the jokes are kinda staid and falling into stereotype.
The trick with this season is, where's the tension and what's the goal? Season 1 goal was to get Eleanor to earn her spot, season 2 goal was to find the good place, now season 3? They're back on earth, trying to make it through life like the rest of us schmucks, no real eternal reward... based on her convo with Simone I thought she was going to start therapy or something, that it would turn more conventional in her personal growth.
Anyways I'll stick with it because the plot can go anywhere, it's just so open ended right now. Being a good person is an open ended activity I guess.
posted by St. Peepsburg at 6:26 PM on October 13, 2018 [5 favorites]
I am now all in on Suffocating Kitty's theory of Simone being from The Good Place. Maybe TGP is in a state of crisis because nobody's there? The algorithim is so messed up, they're getting like one person per year? So they've got their own reasons for wanting to know if "bad" people can turn it around and qualify?
posted by BlahLaLa at 8:59 AM on October 14, 2018 [4 favorites]
If a good-according-to-the-algorithm person got into the good place and found out about the bad place, wouldn't they feel awful and try to do something about it? So what if everyone in the real good place has to be constantly rebooted and mindwiped just to keep them appropriately blissful?
The trick with this season is, where's the tension and what's the goal? Season 1 goal was to get Eleanor to earn her spot, season 2 goal was to find the good place, now season 3?
I think it's about the basic idea that Earthly life is a lot tougher to manage, with a lot more variables, than a neighborhood where everything's under control. That was the mistake Michael and Janet made, repeatedly, across the season, and ironically it's telegraphed by Trevor's utter failures to screw up the group. Chapter 3/episode 2 made it pretty clear that the Brain-y Bunch were perfectly capable of looking out for each other, and it's Michael and Janet who keep screwing things up.
Before they show up, Eleanor is reaching out Chidi, and Jason makes sure Tahani gets home safely rather than end ing up in a tryst. This episode, their snowplowing is actually just coddling: Simone calls Eleanor out on a temper tantrum, but it's Michael and Janet who have infantilized her (and by extension, the group) to the point that the first thing they can't "snowplow" away leads to some colossal backsliding for Eleanor.
At the same time, it's all the Earth stuff Michael and Janet can't set up that allows the group the most progress: Simone, most prominently, is an outside factor and, interestingly, brings neuroscience into the mix, suggesting an entirely physical account of moral behavior. Michael's line that there are only four people that matter at all is belied by Simone and by Larry. It's rushed past, but we see that Tahani and Larry have helped each other, with Larry working on his self-confidence and finding a new identity in his relationship with Tahani, to the point of seeking to take her last name.
The afterlifers' experiment has proven something: that people can learn from each other and become better under the right circumstances, and that context and companions matter a great deal. But all the afterlife characters really seem to be learning is that their various methods of control and judgment are safe. They're turning out to be less capable of understanding what they owe to one another, and more deeply self-centered, than any of the humans they profess to oversee, judge, and punish or reward. Notice that Gen was introduced as a being who'd been, essentially, alone for countless aeons; Michael and Janet didn't start to break out of their routines until they bonded with some humans; and the Bad Place demons (like Eleanor's awful Arizona friends, Tahani's sister, and Jason's Jacksonville cohort) seem to encourage one another's worst traits.
The inhuman entities the show keeps giving us bear responsibility for the initial situations of Earth people, for those around them; that's the permissible, fruitful additional intervention of Michael and Janet on Earth, and it's also the thing that Gen (right now) can't see and the Bad Placers (including Michael) utterly fail to understand.
posted by kewb at 2:39 PM on October 14, 2018 [8 favorites]
I enjoyed the series of understated callbacks in this episode. Eleanor eats a bunch of shrimp, gives a speech, and ruins a party hosted by Tahani.
posted by tobascodagama at 3:58 PM on October 14, 2018 [37 favorites]
Completely apart from who my favorite characters are, I usually identify with Chidi's issues the most, as a fellow anxious person - but I don't think I've ever identified with a person on this show more than when Eleanor asks Simone "why did I do that?" I mean SAME.
posted by showbiz_liz at 4:09 PM on October 14, 2018 [8 favorites]
So true. "Why did I just do that?" moments from years ago amount to about 3/4 of the stuff that keeps me awake at night.
posted by tobascodagama at 4:53 PM on October 14, 2018 [1 favorite]
Did I catch a throwaway line about no-one knowing the humans' points totals except for "The Accountants"? That sounds a lot like something they will pick up in a future episode.
posted by Paragon at 5:36 PM on October 14, 2018 [9 favorites]
I wasn't crazy about this episode but this show is so great because even though it was a blah episode to me there was still a ton of stuff going that was interesting or callbacks or foreshadowing, etc.,
posted by fluffy battle kitten at 7:10 PM on October 14, 2018
Different strokes for different folks, I haven't been loving the first few episodes this season (last episode felt particularly off), but loooved this episode, first time this season I wanted to just rewatch after it was over.
posted by skewed at 7:14 PM on October 14, 2018
kewb: Michael's line that there are only four people that matter at all is belied by Simone and by Larry.
But that's not what he says; he says they're the only four people who matter to him.
posted by tzikeh at 10:14 PM on October 14, 2018 [3 favorites]
Just rewatched, and a couple more Easter eggs:
1. The bottle that Eleanor carries out of the party is Lagavulin (aka Ron Swanson's favourite drink)
2. There's a character in the credits called the Baroness von Thurn und Taxis. Thurn und Taxis is a noble family, but also a board game about medieval German postal networks. No idea why that would be relevant, but it's pretty neat.
posted by Paragon at 1:23 AM on October 15, 2018 [7 favorites]
The line about Sydney being a vibrant international city was the best Australia joke so far!
...yes, I'm posting from Sydney.
Fwiw, my headcanon for how Jason has gotten by, his DJing and dancing is seen as groundbreaking here, and he squats in Marrickville having become an integral part of the warehouse party scene.
posted by other barry at 3:14 AM on October 15, 2018 [5 favorites]
And Eleanor never drank wine out of a bag even once! Come on, you know she would have had a stack of Fruity Lexia boxes.
True, but given that he's actively scheming to reset time and meddling in Earthly affairs, he's behaving as if they're the only four people who matter at all, with little care for global or personal consequences to others. "The only four people who matter" to an entity that's basically like a guardian angel, or even a limited but still interventionist deity may as well be the only people who matter at all.
It's sort of funny that Eleanor and Tahani, who both had emotionally neglectful parents, now have pseudo-parents who wish to coddle and protect them. Likewise, Chidi and Jason have two friends who will take up the decision-making process on their behalf and channel their possible range of choices so that only good outcomes are possible (for a certain definition of "good.") But a Janet suggests to Michael, they're not so much guiding the four people who matter to him so much as denying them the moral choice that makes up the whole purpose of the "experiment."
This seems to me to reflect the limits of the Trolley Problem, where the main actor is actually the only entity with true moral agency. Identifying self-sacrifice as a solution was a big step for Michael last season, but now he can't give up that sense of absolute moral agency. And Janet simply wants to make everyone happy by providing them whatever they desire, which also isn't working well.
Again, I think the theme of this season is the complexity of living a moral life in the real world, and thus far the show has foregrounded the idea of unintended consequences. It's also about Michael and Janet learning that adult humans aren't there to be cared about ands that there's more to the moral universe than one's in-group. Simone hammers this home by noting that human beings are "still working on" this moral problem.
I do agree that the show seems to have neglected the underlying "awful points system" problem in its premise, which means it does seem more "sitcommy" than it has in the past. However, I have some hope that the latest episode's twist will put the four humans in position to argue against that system from a different perspective.
posted by kewb at 5:48 AM on October 15, 2018 [6 favorites]
That, and/or the other two Jacksonville Jaguars fans in Australia are so thrilled to have someone actually from Jacksonville in town that they're letting him stay at their place and eat all their party snacks.
posted by tobascodagama at 8:46 AM on October 15, 2018 [6 favorites]
I still think my previous theory still holds true. I am expanding it now to say that agents from The Good Place have a vested interest in helping souls along and place angels like Simone throughout the moral evolution process to get them to the good place OR Simone was one of those people that got into The Good Place either immediately after death because of the points system or through this evolution/purgatory process and chooses to come and help others on their journey to become better people. Since the types of people in The Good Place wouldn't be the sort to sit around and relax knowing they could be spreading more good. Also, we have absolutely no first hand evidence that anyone is actually tortured in The Bad Place. The closest we come is the emotional torture of neighborhood 12358W and "torture accounts" by demons like Vicky, Trevor, and Michael. Even in the hall of "low grade crappiness" it just shows crappy behavior and none of the ironic punishments. It all could just be for show (and Michael's growth is part of the purgatory process too - remember, this was his first time designing a neighborhood and stepping into the "real world" of the afterlife.).
posted by Suffocating Kitty at 9:34 AM on October 15, 2018 [1 favorite]
But I also swore up and down that they were in a simulation of life on Earth, when Michael Shur definitively said they rebooted the timeline and are actually back on earth , so i'm 0 for 1 in my theories.
posted by Suffocating Kitty at 9:35 AM on October 15, 2018
When they rebooted the timeline, what happened to all the other souls who died and went to either the Good or Bad Place? Were they ripped out of their respective afterlives and returned to exactly where they were, or were they replaced by simulacra?
The simulation theory doesn't have those issues, but so far the show is really trying to sell the idea that they're on Earth, unless... Unless Gen has actually been testing Janet and Michael along with the humans this whole time?
Gen would have to be able to mess with Janet's encyclopedic knowledge of everything, but we've already seen that it's a remote database that Janet can be disconnected from. She can't access the database when she's on "Earth", after all. So maybe Gen tampered with the database so Janet wouldn't know that "Earth" was a simulation. Or maybe Janet knew but couldn't tell anybody. Either way, it's just like the first season where she either didn't know or couldn't tell anybody that the Good Place was fake.
posted by tobascodagama at 9:46 AM on October 15, 2018
I mean, maybe i am being naive, but Michael Shur said with 100% absolutism they were back on earth and not in a simulation when asked the question during The Good Place Podcast. If they didn't want to define that thoroughly, they wouldn't have asked the question.
posted by Suffocating Kitty at 11:02 AM on October 15, 2018 [1 favorite]
If I have learned anything at all from the first two seasons of this show (besides some nifty philosophical theories), it is this: Trust Mike Schur. He has an arc for this season that we have not seen yet. By this point last season, it looked as if Michael was simply going to reboot the four humans over and over until he got it right, and then everything changed. I have enjoyed this season so far, and I have faith that Mike Schur knows what he's doing.
I'm also totally onboard with the theory that Simone is a Good Place Agent. In addition, my wife is convinced that Michael himself is a fallen angel, and doesn't remember it. He doesn't really fit in with the other Bad Place folks, and it took to ethical behavior relatively quickly (after a few early hiccups). Michael's attempts to help the humans is a vestige of his own forgotten past, and he will be welcomed back into the Good Place when he succeeds.
I'm starting to be convinced by that as well. This is a stretch on my part, but one of my favorite movies is Wim Wenders' Wings of Desire. In that movie, angels wander the streets of Berlin while wearing trenchcoats. Well, Michael was wearing a stupidly conspicuous trenchcoat during the first two episodes!
Coincidence?!?! ...Well, yeah probably, but it's fun to speculate.
posted by Ben Trismegistus at 11:06 AM on October 15, 2018 [6 favorites]
In addition, my wife is convinced that Michael himself is a fallen angel...
I'm beginning to wonder if Michael is in some form of purgatory himself
posted by nathan_teske at 11:15 AM on October 15, 2018 [4 favorites]
If a good-according-to-the-algorithm person got into the good place and found out about the bad place, wouldn't they feel awful and try to do something about it?
This is Mahayana Buddhism in a nutshell. I really think the whole show will end up being an allegory for sangha, karma and reincarnation, and enlightenment, and maybe one day Eleanor will be assigned some hapless soul to help.
an entity that's basically like a guardian angel
He's a demon who's gotten a little reformed. He's very much not like a guardian angel.
posted by kenko at 5:11 PM on October 15, 2018
The bottle that Eleanor carries out of the party is Lagavulin (aka Ron Swanson's favourite drink)
Now that they have linked these two show-universes with this and the Paunchburger, we need a comic book tie-in set in the future (for whatever that means on this show) after Leslie and Ann die of natural causes in old age. Leslie is sent to the Good Place and makes it her mission to rescue Ann from the Bad Place. Along the way there could be much analysis/unravelling of the points system, and there will be copious flashbacks that reveal what took place in their remaining time on Earth.
posted by mikepop at 6:43 AM on October 16, 2018 [6 favorites]
Given Cones of Dunshire in Parks and Rec, I think it's safe to say that Michael Schur is a board gamer to some degree. This was almost certainly a little easter egg for board game fans.
posted by explosion at 7:47 AM on October 16, 2018 [5 favorites]
If it's very definitely not a simulation, then I my question about what happened to all the other souls when the timeline got rebooted applies in a serious way.
posted by tobascodagama at 7:59 AM on October 16, 2018 [1 favorite]
When they rebooted the timeline, what happened to all the other souls who died and went to either the Good or Bad Place? Were they ripped out of their respective afterlives and returned to exactly where they were
You're trying to apply temporal logic to a timeless eternity?
I assume you mean the souls who died after Our 4 but "before" the timeline was rebooted? But there isn't necessarily any such time period (unless the showrunners said there was, I guess). Even if hundreds of years have passed in The Bad Place, that doesn't mean any time has passed on Earth.
And even if you want to think of both experiencing linear time in a 1:1 relationship with each other, you're still sort of asking "What happened to Bob Johnson, 1st lieutenant in the Tech-Com, when Skynet and Connors rebooted the timeline? Was he ripped out of his and into a new life?" No, he just never had that life.
You can sort of imagine that someone who died in 2140 is in The Good Place but the timeline changes induce them to make bad decisions so when they die in 2140 they go to The Bad Place. Nobody gets ripped out of The Good Place; it wioll haven been the case that always this person went to The Bad Place. Even if that wasn't true "before," "now" it always has been true.
posted by GCU Sweet and Full of Grace at 8:26 AM on October 16, 2018 [1 favorite]
Does it even mean anything to reset the timeline if no time on earth has actually passed, though?
Sure; it means that they're not dead.
posted by GCU Sweet and Full of Grace at 10:26 AM on October 16, 2018
thurn and taxis are also referenced extensively in the crying of lot 49.
posted by Reclusive Novelist Thomas Pynchon at 2:17 AM on October 17, 2018 [3 favorites]
> But I also swore up and down that they were in a simulation of life on Earth, when Michael Shur definitively said they rebooted the timeline and are actually back on earth , so i'm 0 for 1 in my theories.
I wonder what the exact wording here was. because it strikes me that "they are definitely actually back on earth" doesn't necessarily mean that it's therefore not a simulation.
ted danson: the friendliest basilisk
posted by Reclusive Novelist Thomas Pynchon at 9:05 AM on October 17, 2018 [1 favorite]
I wonder what the exact wording here was.
From a Rolling Stone interview:
The audience seems split between those who think Eleanor and the others have been brought back to life and those who believe it's another simulation. Would you care to tip your hand about which? Does it matter?
Normally I don't like to just flatly state what's going on, but here I don't see the benefit of people experiencing ambiguity: The four of them are straight-up back on Earth, in a new timeline where they didn't die.
Boy does this question ever come up a lot in Christian theology.
posted by Pater Aletheias at 11:39 AM on October 17, 2018 [4 favorites]
I just wanted to share somewhere that I started watching season 2 of this show and it's retroactively making me like or appreciate the first season and now I look forward to this third one. Season 1 felt to me really milquetoast and safe in terms of jokes and humor, plus the "twist" was pretty obvious way too quickly. Season 2 is doing a much better job with the concept so far, just three episodes in. They're also kind of still doing what you think will happen, but it's the kind of development that's exciting and funny to see. It also is going against my broad assumption for what the season would go before I even considered watching it. I hope the season 2 keeps me hooked through to the third, I already like the directions they can go with this and as long as it isn't god's or michael's secret way to put demons through their own type of bad place, I'll be good.
posted by GoblinHoney at 1:23 PM on October 17, 2018 [2 favorites]
I like the idea of Michael as modern day archangel...and well, he's got the name.
posted by fluffy battle kitten at 1:40 PM on October 17, 2018 [1 favorite]
She's been dragging her feet this season
her soft feet.
posted by We put our faith in Blast Hardcheese at 3:16 PM on October 18, 2018
The four of them are straight-up back on Earth, in a new timeline where they didn't die.
What happened to the non-Brainy Bunch souls when the new timeline was created, though? Are souls divisible? Is everybody else in their new timeline half a soul now? If someone would have gone to the Good Place in the original timeline, but the new timeline causes them to go to the Bad Place, do they automatically get sorted into Mindy's Medium Place?
posted by tobascodagama at 4:34 PM on October 18, 2018
ALSO, DID YOU KNOW that another name for a shopping cart is "shopping trolley"? Literally, what if Michael pushing Eleanor out of the way of the shopping trollies caused someone else to die?
> thurn and taxis are also referenced extensively in
> the crying of lot 49.
posted above by Reclusive Novelist Thomas Pynchon
Have we reached peak eponysterical?
posted by Nerd of the North at 4:22 PM on October 19, 2018 [4 favorites]
Also, regarding the "Thurn and Taxis" reference -- as a new listener to the Good Place podcast I'm playing catch-up. Earlier today I listened to the podcast for the first season finale. The podcast guest was Mike Schur and he states directly that he is a Pynchon fan, so I would think it likely that this was a The Crying of Lot 49 reference.
Damn it, now I'm going to have to check any WASTE bins seen in public shots to see if there are dots between the letters..
posted by Nerd of the North at 9:15 PM on October 19, 2018
A lot of dumpsters have food in them, that got thrown away. Some of it is even okay to eat still (no bets on Jason being able to tell the difference). It's like a free bed and breakfast!
posted by Margalo Epps at 9:32 PM on October 19, 2018 [2 favorites]
I heard that (except for the parenthetical) in Jason's voice.
posted by Tabitha Someday at 7:53 AM on October 20, 2018 [8 favorites]
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text:
Agricultural Sciences > Vol.11 No.1, January 2020
Study on Exchangeable Cation Determining Base Saturation Percentage of Soil in South China ()
Anqi Wang1,2, Xiangzhen Kong1, Xiaodong Song1, Bing Ju1, Decheng Li1*
1State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
DOI: 10.4236/as.2020.111002 PDF HTML XML 358 Downloads 788 Views Citations
Base saturation percentage (BSP) is an important soil chemical index in soil fertility and soil taxonomy. However, it is still unclear what exchangeable cation dominates BSP of soil in south China. Therefore, in this study, the data of BSPs and exchangeable H+, Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+ of 109 and 45 horizon samples of 50 and 28 soil species in red soil and yellow soil groups in the Database of Chinese Soil Species were used to explore further the characteristics of BSPs and exchangeable cations as well as the correlation between BSPs and exchangeable cations. The results showed that the concentrations of exchangeable cations in both red soil and yellow soil groups were in an order of Al3+ (4.55 ± 1.47 and 4.22 ± 1.2 cmol(+)/kg) > Ca2+ (0.32 ± 0.21 and 0.36 ± 0.24 cmol(+)/kg) > H+ (0.23 ± 0.13 and 0.19 ± 0.10 cmol(+)/kg) > K+ (0.16 ± 0.09 and 0.16 ± 0.11 cmol(+)/kg) > Mg2+ (0.13 ± 0.09 and 0.11 ± 0.08 cmol(+)/kg) > Na+ (0.08 ± 0.06 and 0.11 ± 0.06 cmol(+)/kg). For red soil group, Al3+ concentration was significantly higher than those of other exchangeable cations, Ca2+ and H+ concentrations were significantly higher than those of K+, Mg2+ and Na+; while for yellow soil group, Ca2+, H+ and K+ concentrations were significantly higher than those of Mg2+ and K+. BSP of red soil group was codetermined by Ca2+, Al3+, Mg2+ and Na+, with the contributions of 33.81%, 19.82% and 14.49%, respectively; while BSP of yellow soil group was codetermined by Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+, with the contributions of 24.91%, 21.55%, 19.91% and 14.21%, respectively. A higher concentration of exchangeable cation does not mean the higher importance of the cation to soil BSP.
Base Saturation Percentage (BSP), Exchangeable Cations, Correlation, Red Soil, Yellow Soil, South China
Wang, A. , Kong, X. , Song, X. , Ju, B. and Li, D. (2020) Study on Exchangeable Cation Determining Base Saturation Percentage of Soil in South China. Agricultural Sciences, 11, 17-26. doi: 10.4236/as.2020.111002.
Base saturation percentage (BSP) is an important soil chemical index which has implication not only in soil fertility [1] [2] [3] but also in soil taxonomy [4] [5]. Existing studies have pointed out that BSP could be affected by climatic, geochemical, and environmental conditions, such as acid rain and dust deposition, waterlogging condition, pH, nitrogen application, organic matter and clay contents, cation exchange capacity and so on [6], but these studied factors mainly are external or indirect factors. As defined as the sum of exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+ relative to total soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) at pH 7.0 or 8.2 [7] [8], BSP is conceptually affected simultaneously by Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Al3+ and H+. Some studies found that BSP was dominated by Ca2+ for the calcareous soils on a small orchard scale [9] [10], but no consideration was given to the importance of different exchangeable cations to BSPs.
Red soil and yellow soil groups (in Chinese Genetic Classification) are two important zonal soil groups widely distributed in the hilly area of tropical and subtropical south China which are characterized by high desilicification but fersialitization [11] [12]. There are 133 and 76 soil species in red soil and yellow soil groups, respectively, which were derived under diverse climate conditions, parent materials and land use types [13]. However, it is still unclear that what exchangeable cations dominate BSPs of red soil and yellow soil groups; therefore, the objective of our study is to understand further the characteristics of BSPs and exchangeable cations, and to quantitatively analyze the importance of different exchangeable cations to BSPs of red soil and yellow soil groups.
2. Methods and Materials
2.1. Data Sources
The data of BSPs and exchangeable cation concentrations (H+, Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+) are from Chinese Soil Database (http://vdb3.soil.csdb.cn/). After the comparison of data completeness and the elimination of abnormal data by the method of μ ± 3σ, 136 and 58 horizon samples from 59 and 28 soil species in red soil and yellow soil groups in South China were adopted, respectively (see Figure1), here, the spatial location of the selected soil species in Figurewere roughly determined according to the information of site description of the typical soil profiles in the available literatures [13]. Other main soil groups such as latosol and latosolic red soil groups were not considered due to the insufficient typical profiles (less than 8 soil profiles) after the elimination of abnormal data of BSPs and exchangeable cations.
2.2. Sampling and Measurement of Soil Samples
According to the available historical records, the sampling and measurement of soil samples were as follows: 1) the location of each typical soil profile was mainly decided by the comprehensive consideration of the representation of topography, parent material, land use type, and etc.; 2) a standard soil profile
Figure 1. Spatial distribution of adopted soil profiles of red soil and yellow soil groups.
(1.0 m in width and 1.2 - 1.5 m in depth) was excavated; 3) the horizons were decided according to morphological characteristics of profile; 4) soil sample was collected uniformly within each horizon, and 2 kg of soil was kept left by using quartering and kept in the cloth bag. In the lab, soil samples were air dried, and the impurities of roots and gravels were removed. Then they were grinded to pass 1.7 mm, 0.25 mm and 0.149 mm sieves respectively.
Exchangeable K+ and Na+ were determined by flame photometer method, Ca2+ and Mg2+ determined by the method of EDTA volumetric method, H+ and Al3+ were determined by titration method after 1 mol/L KCl extraction, total amount of base exchangeable cations determined by the method of evaporation and neutralization titration after 1 mol/L NH4OAc (pH 7.0) extraction, cation exchange capacity (CEC) determined by the method of 1 mol/L NH4OAc exchange [8] [14] [15].
2.3. Data Processing, Modeling and Mapping
Microsoft Excel 2016 and IBM Statistics SPSS 20.0 were used for data processing, correlation modeling and mapping, difference significance of exchangeable cations and BSPs were tested by LSD method of one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation (2-tailed) was used to describe the correlation between exchangeable cations and BSP [16] [17]. The contributions of exchangeable cations to BSP is calculated as follows: by using SPSS, the data of exchangeable cations and BSP were normalized, the multiple linear regression model between BSP and exchangeable cations was obtained, and then the percentage of the coefficient of i cation to total sum of the coefficients of all exchangeable cations in the model was calculated as the contribution of i cation to BSP [18]. Here, principle component analysis was not used to do so is because we want to quantitatively know the contribution of each cation to BSP.
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Statistical Information of Exchangeable Cations and BSPs
Table 1 gives the statistical information of exchangeable cations and BSPs of red soil and yellow soil groups. It can be seen from Table 1 that except Na+, there were no significant differences in other exchangeable cations between red soil and yellow soil groups (p < 0.05). BSP of yellow soil group was significantly higher than that of red soil group (p < 0.05). cation concentrations of both red soil and yellow soil groups were in an order of Al3+ > Ca2+ > H+ > K+ > Mg2+ > Na+, in which Al3+ was significantly higher than all other exchangeable cations. For red soil group, Ca2+ and H+ were significantly higher than K+, Mg2+ and Na+, but no significant difference between Mg2+, K+ and Na+. For yellow soil group, Ca2+ was significantly higher than Mg2+, K+ and Na+, but no significant difference between H+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+. 4) All exchangeable cations and BSPs of red soil and yellow soil groups were in moderate variation (coefficient of variation < 100%) and in positive skew distribution (skewness > 0), while their probability density curves of all exchangeable cations and BSPs were near very flat (kurtosis = 0) or flat (0 < kurtosis < 0.67) [16] [17].
3.2. Correlations between BSPs and Exchangeable Cations
For the correlation between BSP with exchangeable cations, it can be seen from Table 2 that, 1) for red soil group, BSP had notable correlation (R = 0.5 - 0.8, the same below) with Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+ while low correlation (R = 0.3 - 0.5, the same below) with Na+ for red soil group; 2) for yellow soil group, BSP had notable correlation with Ca2+ and Al3+ while low correlation with Na+, Mg2+ and K+; 3) low correlation were found between H+ with Al3+, Ca2+ with Mg2+ and Na+ in both soil groups and between Mg2+ with K+ and Na+ in yellow soil group.
Table 1. Statistical information of exchangeable cations and BSPs of red soil and yellow soil groups.
*. Different lowercase letters in the same columns show mean difference of exchangeable cations is significant at the 0.05 level, and different capital letters in BSP line show mean difference of BSPs is significant at the 0.05 level.
Table 2. Pearson correlation coefficients (R) between exchangeable cations and BSPs.
** and * Correlation are significant at the 0.01 and 0.05 levels (2-tailed).
Table 3 lists the optimal correlation models between BSPs with exchangeable cations and the multiple linear regression models between BSPs and exchangeable cations, it shows that most of the optimal models are in a quadratic pattern.
Table 4 shows the calculated importance of exchangeable cations to BSPs with the Random Forest Package, it can be seen from Table 4 that, 1) the importance of H+ and K+ of red soil were not significant to BSP, while only that of H+ not significant for yellow soil; 2) the orders of BSPs and the importance of the top three exchangeable cations to BSPs were different between red soil and yellow soil groups, which was Ca2+ (33.81%) > Al3+ (29.87%) > Mg2+ (22.28%) for red soil, while Al3+ (24.91%) > Ca2+ (21.55%) > Mg2+ (19.91%) for yellow soil; 3) although generally the importance of Ca2+, Al3+ and Mg2+ to soil BSPs are greater due to their high concentrations, no significant correlation was found between cation concentrations and their importance to BSPs if all exchangeable cations are considered.
3.3. Discussion
Some studies already proved and explained that Al3+ was the main form in exchangeable acid exchangeable cations in soils of south China [19] [20] [21] [22]. Our data also showed Al3+ were the highest in all exchangeable cations both in red soil and yellow soil groups, which is common in soils of south China due to intensive desilicification but fersialitization caused by high temperature and precipitation [11] [12] [13], so it is normal for Al3+ as one of the important exchangeable cations controlling BSPs of red soil and yellow soil groups in south China.
Table 3. Optimal correlation models between BSPs with exchangeable cations of red soil and yellow soil groups.
Table 4. Importance of exchangeable cations to BSPs in red soil and yellow soil groups.
* Importance is significant at 0.05 level; Norm. means normalized.
The lower concentrations of base exchangeable cations compared with Al3+ could be attributed to the heavy leaching losses of base exchangeable cations, which were higher than 80% [23] [24], due to the high temperature and precipitation in south China (annual temperature and precipitation as 16˚C - 25˚C and 800 - 2000 mm, dryness less than 1.0).
A significant difference was found in BSPs between red soil group and yellow soil groups, which could be attributed to the accumulation effects in the differences of the sums of acid exchangeable cations and base exchangeable cations between the two soil groups. It could be found that although there was significant difference in exchangeable cations, the sums of acid exchangeable cations and base exchangeable cations, the sum of acid exchangeable cations of red soil (4.77 ± 1.50 cmol(+)/kg) was higher than that of yellow soil group (4.41 ± 1.27 cmol(+)/kg), while the sum of base exchangeable cations of red soil group (0.69 ± 0.32 cmol(+)/kg) was lower than that of yellow soil group (0.74 ± 0.35 cmol(+)/kg). Generally speaking, red soil group was formed and evolved in the environment with higher temperature and precipitation (15˚C - 25˚C in annual mean temperature and 1200 - 2500 mm in annual precipitation) compared to yellow soil group (14˚C - 19˚C in annual mean temperature and 1000 - 2000 mm in annual precipitation), which resulted in higher acid exchangeable cations and lower base exchangeable cations of red soil group compared with yellow soil group [11] [12] [13].
Some studies found that BSP was dominated by Ca2+ in calcareous soil species on a small orchard scale due to the highest concentration of Ca2+ derived from the calcareous parent material [9] [10], but didn't give information on the importance of exchangeable cations to BSPs. In contrast, our study not only found further that cation concentrations were in order of Al3+ > Ca2+ > H+ > K+ > Mg2+ > Na+ both in red soil and yellow soil groups (see Table 1), but also disclosed the importance of exchangeable cations to BSPs, for examples, the importance order of exchangeable cations to BSPs were Ca2+ (33.81%) > Al3+ (26.58%) > Mg2+ (19.82%) > Na+ (14.49%) > K+ (2.70%) > H+ (2.61%) for red soil group while Al3+ (24.91%) > Ca2+ (21.55%) > Mg2+ (19.91%) > K+ (14.24%) > Na+ (14.21%) > H+ (5.18%) for yellow soil group. However, our study shows that exchangeable cations controlling BSPs are different between red soil and yellow soil groups, we think such a complexity is normal because our study includes 59 and 28 soil species of red soil and yellow groups, respectively, which are widely distributed in south China with various soil forming environments and evolution degrees [11] [12] [13]. For examples, the spans of annual temperature and precipitation were 15˚C - 25˚C and 1200 - 2500 mm for red soil while 14˚C - 19˚C and 1000 - 2000 for yellow soil, respectively [11] [12], meanwhile, the parent materials include granite, sandstone, quaternary red clay, pelite, quartzite, tuff, basalt, shallow-sea sediment, andesite and limestone, etc. and the land use types include dryland, forest, orchard, shrub, grassland, etc. (see Table 5 and Table 6, only main parent materials and land use types presented in the tables),
Table 5. Statistical information of exchangeable cations concentrations and BSPs of soils derived from different parent materials.
*. Different lowercase letters in the same lines show mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Not included soil species with unclear information in parent materials or with the less numbers of profiles.
Table 6. Statistical information of exchangeable cations concentrations and BSPs of soils under different land use types.
*. Different lowercase letters in the same lines show mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Soil species with unclear information in land use types were omitted in this study.
and it can be seen from Table 5 and Table 6 that Al3+, Ca2+ and H+ are the top three exchangeable cations in concentrations not only in different parent materials but also in different land use types, and there are certain differences in cation concentrations but no significant difference in BSPs between different parent materials or different land use types.
However, there are still some problems left to be solved in our study, for examples, why H+ is not significantly important to BSP with a higher concentration than K+, Mg2+ and Na+? Why K+ is significantly important to BSP of yellow soil group but not to red soil group?
By using the data of BSPs and cation concentrations of soil species of red soil and yellow soil groups in south China, our study disclosed that the concentrations of exchangeable cations in both red soil and yellow soil groups were in an order of Al3+ > Ca2+ > H+ > K+ > Mg2+ > Na+. BSP of red soil group was codetermined by Ca2+, Al3+, Mg2+ and Na+, while BSP of yellow soil group by Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+. But no significant correlation was found between cation concentration and importance of cation to soil BSP if all exchangeable cations are considered.
This study was supported by projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41877008) and the National S&T Basic Special Foundation Project (No. 2014FY110200). We would like to express thanks to the contribution of all the participants in the data preparation and processing.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
[1] Campo, J., Maass, J.M., Jaramillo, V.J. and Martínez Yrízar, A. (2000) Calcium, Potassium, and Magnesium Cycling in a Mexican Tropical Dry Forest Ecosystem. Biogeochemistry, 49, 21-36.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006207319622
[2] Huang, C.Y. (2000) Pedology. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (In Chinese)
[3] Jobbagy, E.G. and Jackson, R.B. (2001) The Distribution of Soil Nutrients with Depth: Global Patterns and the Imprint of Plants. Biogeochemistry, 53, 51-77.
[4] Soil Survey Staff (1999) Soil Taxonomy. In: USDA-NRCS, Agricultural Handbook, 2nd Edition, U.S. Government Publishing Office, Washington DC, 436.
[5] CRG-CST (2001) Chinese Soil Taxonomy. Science Press, Beijing, New York.
[6] Osman, K.T. (2012) Soils: Principles, Properties and Management. Springer, Netherlands.
[7] Bohn, H.L., McNeal, B.L. and O'Connor, G.A. (1979) Soil Chemistry. John Wiley and Sons, Toronto, Canada.
[8] Zhang, G.L. and Gong, Z.T. (2012) Soil Survey Laboratory Methods. Science Press, Beijing. (In Chinese)
[9] Mao, H.A., Xie, D.T., Yang, J.H., et al. (2005) Relation of pH and Cation Saturation of Orange Orchard Soil in Chongqing Jiangjin. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 36, 877-879. (In Chinese).
[10] Li, G.C., Yang, H., Zhang, C.L., et al. (2012) Relation between Soil pH and Base Saturation Percentage under Chinese Chestnut in Typical Karst Region. Soil and Water Conservation in China, No. 8, 49-52. (In Chinese)
[11] Li, Q.K. and Xiong, Y. (1990) Soil of China. 2nd Edition, Science Press, Beijing. (In Chinese)
[12] Chinese Soil Survey Office (1998) Soil of China. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (In Chinese)
[13] Chinese Soil Survey Office (1993-1995) Chinese Soil Species. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (In Chinese)
[14] Lu, R.K. (1999) Methods of Soil Agricultural Chemistry Analyses. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (In Chinese)
[15] Bao, S.D. (2005) Soil Agricultural Chemistry Analyses. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (In Chinese)
[16] Yu, J.Y. and He, X.X. (2006) Data Statistical Analysis and SPSS Application. Posts & Telecommuni Exchangeable Cations Press, Beijing. (In Chinese)
[17] Xue, W. (2009) Methods and Appliexchangeable Cations of SPSS Statistical Analysis. Publishing House of Electronics Industry, Beijing (In Chinese)
[18] Sun, G.X., Wang, S., Zhao, C.C., et al. (2009) Contributing Ratio of Impact Factor on Gully Erosion in Loess Hilly and Gully Area of Qinghai Province. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 18, 1402-1406.
[19] Huang, P.M. (1997) Mechanism of Soil Acidification. In: Dahama, A.K., Ed., Agro's Annual Review of Crop Ecology, Agro Botanica, Bikaner, 79-100.
[20] Yu, T.R. (1997) Chemistry of Variable Charge Soils. Oxford University Press, New York.
[21] Fan, Q.F., Zhang, Y.L., Chen, Z., et al. (2009) Acidity Characteristics and Acidification Mechanism of Soils in Protected Fields. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 46, 466-471. (In Chinese)
[22] Xu, R.K. (2015) Research Progresses in Soil Acidification and Its Control. Soils, 47, 238-244. (In Chinese)
[23] Huang, C.M. and Gong, Z.T. (2002) Study on Genesis of Soils Derived from Basalt in Northern Hainan Island III. Element Geochemistry. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 39, 643-652. (In Chinese)
[24] Yang, Y.F., Li, D.C., Zhang, G.L., et al. (2010) Evolution of Chronosequential Soils Derived from Volcanic Basalt on Tropical Leizhou Peninsula, South China. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 47, 817-825. (In Chinese)
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landing. 22 Is the Sabbath controversial? A full and comprehensive archive of recent ielts exam questions with answers can be found in the comments section below. Science 1 Are we alone in the universe? 9 The scientific knowledge of space has value beyond the measurements of cost. 5 Meat rich diets are more essential for normal body functions. Regression to the mean still takes place, but it happens more slowly because both parents are highly intelligentslowly enough to create an ossification problem. And if youve got any questions, just send us an email and Ill be happy to respond. It was widely read by Michaels colleagues in the Labour Party (he ran the partys research department from essay on climate change affect environment 1945 to 1951) and helped persuade his friend Anthony Crosland, who became Labour Education Secretary in 1965, that the 11 should be phased out and the different.
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Quaint, cosy and quiet 3 bed home on a corner lot (not a through road) on Pebbles Way in South Sound. Close Sunset House, Schools. Grand Old House, Smith Cove, Fitness Connection and George Town. Easy to show and quick occupancy an option.


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My holiday attire has gotten more and more casual over the years. And now that my granddaughter Summer has entered the picture, anything too fragile is definitely not an option. I am not a big fan of holiday apparel that can be worn only once or twice. When Artful Home asked me to choose something from their Holiday Collection, I knew this Oleana Velvet Topper designed by Lisa Bayne would be a great option for me, as well as a wonderful over-50 holiday fashion choice.
For the holidays, I will probably wear it with my all-time favorite shirt, the Artist's Smock Shirt from Planet. You can read more about this fabulous shirt in my post "The Great White Shirt." This shirt is worth every penny, and I always get compliments when I wear it (which is a lot). I added my favorite leggings, short suede boots, a vintage brooch, and rhinestone bracelets.
The crescent hem makes it a great layering piece.
I love the tension between the texture of the burnout velvet and the sparkle of the rhinestone jewelry.
For a more casual look, I paired it with faux leather pants, my favorite black turtleneck, and a pair of leather boots. I think it would be equally fun with jeans (like the Runaround Sue Jeans from Artful Home) and a pair of suede boots as an everyday look.
If a looser, flowier look is more flattering for your figure, I love the way Artful Home styled it on their gorgeous gray-haired model. I have a waist (barely), a curvier physique, and am not very tall, so this isn't the best look for me personally. The longer Dream Tank covers all your assets, and the Crepe Wide Leg Pant completes the look. I would love to snag the gorgeous necklace and earrings. They are a perfect complement to this pretty ensemble.
If you would prefer something longer, Lisa designed the Olivia Velvet Tunic in the same gorgeous burnout velvet fabric. It looks great with leggings. My pal Brenda Kinsel wrote a post on her personal site here, if you want to see what it looks like on her.
While I love the elegance of the tunic, I opted for the versatility of the topper.
Practicality, uses per purchase, and not wearing anything too fragile with this little one around are paramount to me at this stage in my life. If you are looking for over-50 fashion fun, the Lisa Bayne Oleana Velvet Topper might be your ticket.
If you liked this post and want to see more of my style and interior design tips, visit my blog, Rough Luxe Lifestyle.
LOVED the way you styled the Oleana Velvet Topper, Cindy! That topper caught my attention as well. I wasn't sure how to style it but I sure do now. I love both outfits. You're right, you will get a lot of cost per wear with this piece!
Thanks for the inspiration, my friend!


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    show: PropTypes.bool,
    /**
     * type: `default`, `warn`, `info`, `primary`
     */
    type: PropTypes.string
};

Toptips.defaultProps = {
    show: false,
    type: 'default'
};

export default Toptips;


text:
1-way-road and a 2-way-road-What's the difference?
Categories Culture
A one-way street or one-way traffic refers to traffic that flows in only one direction. No vehicles are permitted to travel in the opposite direction. There are indications of this. On the other hand, a two-way road or two-way traffic means that the vehicle can travel in both directions; that is, you can go one way and return in the opposite direction.
Although we all know what a one-way road and a two-way road are, we sometimes confuse the two. Some of us don't obey these traffic rules, and in fact, we don't understand the flashcards that refer to them. So, I will be discussing the two types of roads and the rules we need to follow to regulate the traffic and be responsible individuals.
I'll discuss all the ambiguities most people have and will try my best to find a solution. You'll get all the information you need in this article.
What is the distinction between a one-way and a two-way street?
What is a two-way road?
How do you tell if a street is one-way?
How do you tell if a road is two-way?
What's the distinction between "way" and "road"?
On a two-way street, who has the right of way when turning left?
What is the purpose of one-way streets?
Why not make every road a two-way street?
What does it mean to have a two-lane single carriageway?
What's the distinction between a road and a highway?
Two-lane vs. Two-way roads
Why do highways have to be one-way streets?
A one-way street is one on which traffic is only allowed in one direction; to travel in the opposite direction, use the paired street beside it. These are always found in pairs adjacent to each other. Such arrangements are commonly used in central urban areas to relieve traffic congestion when there is no room for street widening or there is a popular ban on it.
A divided carriageway route or street is structurally a pair of one-way streets on the same road allowance, so imagine a pair of one-way streets as a dual carriageway road, with the median between filled with buildings such as offices, shops, apartments, or single-family homes.
A two-way road or divided highway is a type of highway with carriageways for opposing traffic separated by a central reservation or a median. Roads with two or more carriageways that are built to higher standards and have controlled access are commonly referred to as motorways, freeways, and so on, rather than dual carriageways.
Regardless of the number of lanes, a road without a central reservation is a single-carriageway. Dual carriageways improve road traffic safety over single carriageways and, as a result, typically have higher speed limits.
In some places within a local-express-lane system, express lanes and local/collector lanes are used to increase capacity and smooth traffic flows for longer-distance travel.
In urban areas, one-way streets are common. The signs and markings on the road will help you identify one-way streets. On one-way streets, broken white lines separate traffic lanes.
A one-way street will not have yellow markings. Always choose the lane with the fewest hazards when driving on one-way streets with multiple lanes. The best flow is usually found in the middle lanes.
Follow the speed limit and keep a consistent speed with the traffic flow.
I think now we know the basic differences between these two types of roads and the pedestrian indications to identify one from another.
You can easily tell if a street is one-way or two-way. Just keep in mind the flashcards and signboards along with indications to different roads. Look down the street to see if there are any traffic signal lights.
If you only see the back of the signal lights, the street is one-way-going in the opposite direction.
Look for blinking or steady traffic control device lights, which are a common indicator that the street is two-way.
This was the most accurate identification of these streets.
One-way signs and double middle lines on a road.
There is a significant difference between these two words.
The way does not exactly mean "road," but it does function as an adverb and substantive, meaning away, which could be a shortcut, a path, or a course, as in Drive that way, so we can get there faster!
If you are reading a food recipe and it says, "Crack two eggs into the bowl and mix them for 5 minutes," but you prefer to crack two eggs into the bowl for 2 minutes, it means you did it in your way, form, method, or manner.
The term "road" refers to a street, highway, side street, path, course, or route. These are the various meanings of the word "road."
For example, we like to take that road or a path because it is not dangerous and there aren't many cars on it.
The examples always help you get a better understanding of a term. The same is the case with these two terms: way and road. You are quite familiar with the distinctions between the two, aren't you?
The vehicle turning left must yield to the vehicle proceeding straight. Both cars should be able to turn left at the same time if they are both turning left.
Finally, if the car going straight has a stop sign but the car turning left does not, the car at the stop sign must stop. Thus, considering the sign is very important.
Certain roads are designated as one-way for one or more of the reasons listed below.
These roads may not be wide enough to accommodate two-way traffic.
A two-lane two-way road is also known as an urban or arterial road. It has a peak-hour capacity of 1,500 passenger car units (PCU), while a two-lane one-way road has a capacity of 2,400 PCU.
As a result, more traffic can be accommodated on a one-way road if there is a parallel road to handle the opposing flow of traffic.
A Passenger Car Unit (PCU) is a method used in Transportation Planning to assess the various vehicle types within a traffic flow group in a consistent manner. The typical factors are 1 for a car, 1.5 for light commercial vehicles, 3 for trucks and buses, 4.5 for multi-axle vehicles, and 0.5 for two-wheelers and cycles.
The capacities and measurements differ from the country-to-country.
One-way roads don't allow the vehicle to travel in the opposite direction.
Roads may have adequate width at times, but when they intersect with another road, there will be traffic conflicts that will impede the smooth flow of straight and right-turning vehicles.
As a result, some roads are made one way to avoid such conflicting points, due to which traffic conflict points are reduced. A four-arm intersection has 12 traffic conflict points, and by making one arm of the intersection one-way, two conflict points are avoided, making the traffic flow a little smoother.
There must also be a parallel road to accommodate the opposing flow of traffic. By doing this, we can reduce the traffic load and avoid traffic jams.
A carriageway is one in which RCC and steel blocks divide lanes into two or more sections. The number of formed sections represents the carriageway.
If the road is divided by a single divider, it is a double carriageway; if the road is divided by two dividers, it is a triple carriageway; and if no divider is provided, it is a single carriageway.
While lanes are defined by the number of vehicles that move through the carriageway; lanes are separated by solid or dotted lines on the road.
If the road is single-carriageway, traffic will be bi-directional; if the road is double-carriageway, one carriageway will handle one side of traffic and the other will handle the opposite side of traffic.
For example, there is no such solid divider in a single-carriageway. Two-lane mean there are two separate lanes in a carriageway. There is only one divider in a double carriageway. It is placed between the grass section. There are two lanes on the carriageway.
If we do not express the number of carriageways, we count the total number of lanes considering both sides.
Have a look at this video to know more about these carriageways.
Any public road is referred to as a "highway." There is some debate about whether public roads were named highways because they were built higher than the surrounding land to avoid becoming waterlogged, or whether the term "highway" referred to a major road as opposed to a "byway," which was a minor road.
"Highway" is a traditional term for a government-built road.
It was named after the fact that when the roads were first built, they were built on top of the surrounding land that was higher and thus they were referred to as the high way, as opposed to the other surface roads.
In research documents and federal guidelines, all roads are still referred to as highways. The function of highways is distinguished by road classification in terms of traffic volumes, speeds, and widths.
All in all, all roads that are built by the government and are higher than other lands are said to be highways.
A road with two opposing lanes of unrestricted traffic is a two-way road. While, a two-lane highway is an unbroken highway with two lanes, one in each direction of travel.
Lane changing and passing is only possible during the oncoming traffic phase and not during the opposing traffic phase. As traffic volume increases, so will the ability to pass.
An Irish temporary road sign – A two-lane area ahead.
Most motorways in the United Kingdom are one wide strip of concrete with three lanes going each way, separated by a metal crash barrier in the middle. It may differ in various countries, though.
A road like that in the game would be nice because having two highways all the time is a pain and just looks messy.
When you start a new city, you have to somehow accommodate two one-way roads merging into something like a six-lane road, but it never looks right.
To avoid all the mess, a one-way street is necessary.
Check out this video to differentiate between one-way and two-way roads
Better for the traffic flow Two-way roads add value to a property or space
Easier to navigate your car around the town Two-way roads provide a great solution for awkward intersections
Less dangerous and more comfortable When driving on a two-way road drivers tend to be more cautious reducing the chances of collision
One-way roads are safer for the walking pedestrians Such roads tend to be less confusing
The intersection time is much smaller when compared with that of two-way roads Two-way roads are better for the visibility of local businesses
Advantages of One-way and Two-way Roads
In conclusion, a two-way street is one on which vehicles can travel in both directions. A line is painted down the middle of most two-way streets, especially main streets, to remind drivers to stay on their side of the road.
O the other hand, a one-way street is one in which vehicles can travel in a single direction only, and there is no way for the vehicle to travel in the opposite direction. One-way roads and systems will be identified by one-way signs.
This is a rectangular or circular blue sign with a white arrow pointing in the proper traffic flow direction. One-way signs will be placed at the entrance to the one-way system as well as at regular intervals along the road.
You must know the basic traffic rules and the signboards to avoid any traffic consequences and other roadside problems. These one-way and two-way traffic concepts help us avoid messes and accidents.
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CBC reported, Windsor police merging beyond Amherstburg 'should be coming', says chief.
The article includes, "We were late to the party at this end of the province. In the GTA and most geographic areas around the province, the idea of regional policing has been well-entrenched and has been successful for many years," said Frederick.
There are only 6 regional police services in the province; the majority of communities are policed by the OPP and even some amalgamated communities switched to OPP to realize savings.
According to a 2018 TVO article, Contracting with the Windsor police service won't produce as great a saving as contracting with the OPP. Currently, the Amherstburg service costs each of its households $658 a year. A five-year contract with the Windsor proposal would drop that cost to just under $600 a year. (And a contract with Windsor would produce some other savings for the municipality, adds DiCarlo, such as $3 million for the Amherstburg police's long-term benefit costs.) By way of comparison, in 2014, Lewis estimated the OPP per household cost to be $360.
In 2015 CTV reported, No tangible benefit to municipal amalgamation: report.
I have yet to find research indicating regionalization saves money.
Edited to add: The Star's View: Regional police no cure for costs: Regional policing should be studied, although the likelihood of Essex County's six towns agreeing to it are extremely low – as is the likelihood of a regional force saving any money.
Windsor Police Service has issued a fourth decision letter regarding the request for its proposal that Mayor DiCarlo advised would be made public.
June 6, 2018 requested Paula Parker, town clerk, provide a link to the windsor police proposal, if it's available online, or email a copy of it.
June 6, 2018 Paula Parker advised, The Windsor Police Proposal was not posted publicly as it was submitted to the Town with a confidentiality clause attached. If you wish to receive a copy of the proposal, you would be required to request it from Windsor Police Services directly.
June 11, 2018 FOI request to Windsor Police.
July 10, 2018 Windsor Police denied access to the proposal in its entirety, citing exemptions.
July 20, 2018 Appeal submitted to Information and Privacy Commissioner (IPC) for two reasons: I disagreed the records are excluded from the Act and I believed more of the record should be disclosed.
August 3, 2018 Acknowledgement of Appeal from IPC.
August 29, 2018 Windsor Police revised decision letter; access is denied with added exemptions.
September 12, 2018 Windsor Police; "the mediator assigned to this appeal has asked that I forward an Index of Exemptions.' The exemptions cited corresponded with 57 pages.
November 19, 2018 Windsor Police; "during mediation of this appeal a further review of the records was conducted and partial access to the records granted." A list of exemptions, revised November 19, was attached.
The Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario continued to hear Staff Sgt. Christine Bissonnette's allegations regarding her not being promoted to Inspector.
Bullying In Policing was created in 2002 to raise awareness about such incidents.
The full August 27, 2018 decision can be read here.
Policing costs were a hot topic in 2014 and a then-newly elected council was committed to comparing all policing options, which would have been the most fiscally responsible course of action.
"What I can say, what I know, is that the current board didn't do their due diligence in acquiring the information for us to make an educated decision on what would be best for the town…information that would have been 'free'. I would definitely acquire this information, if given the chance, and then work with the appropriate parties to achieve what's best for the Town, or more importantly, what the Town feels is best for them.
Mayor DiCarlo was given the chance but did not acquire the information despite counciI's two motions directing Administration to obtain an OPP costing and work with the OPP on the costing. Those two motions were neither implemented nor rescinded.
The Windsor Star quoted Mayor Aldo DiCarlo on the rebranding, "As much as we want to keep everything local, it has to be a competitive process," said DiCarlo.
The police costing process should have been just as competitive to achieve the optimal savings for the ratepayers that was promised during the 2014 election campaign.
As for the assurances that all current Amherstburg officers will remain except the chief and deputy chief, no one knows how many officers will stay in Amherstburg and forego career opportunities in Windsor.
Maintaining the status quo, other than the top two hierarchical positions, superseded the promise to compare options and realize optimal savings.
CBC News reported The OCPC started to receive complaints in January and opened an investigation into on May 4. The investigation is being disclosed now ahead of the push for WPS to offer policing services to Amherstburg.
The Windsor Star also reported, The investigation by the Ontario Civilian Police Commission concerns Windsor police hiring and promotional practices including alleged nepotism, allegations of a "poisoned work environment" and allegations of "improper interference in specific legal proceedings," Windsor Mayor Drew Dilkens confirmed Wednesday.
Whether there has been improper interference in specific legal proceedings and whether any such interference has been initiated, encouraged and/or sustained by the current administration of the WPS and/or the board.
Whether the board is fulfilling its statutory oversight role in relation to items 5 and 6.
According to the article, CAO Miceli said, "Public consultation is part of the OCPC's process," adding the public meetings are not meant to seek community approval.
The ONTARIO CIVILIAN POLICE COMMISSION (OCPC) is not required to hold a public meeting; in fact it did not hold one in St. Marys, the model often referred to. The OCPC asked the City of St. Marys to provide a written submission setting out the proposed policing arrangement and approved it.
However, OCPC will consult with Amherstburg residents regarding council's decision to have Windsor Police take over policing in Amherstburg.
A Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario hearing was held in Windsor to decide the allegations of Staff Sgt. Christine Bissonnette, who filed a human rights complaint after not being promoted to Inspector.
The Windsor Star reported, Bissonnette argued she was just as qualified as the men who got promotions. But, she said, there is "systemic discrimination" at the force that keeps her down.
"You have to understand the culture of this organization," she told the hearing adjudicator after the police service's lawyer repeatedly objected to Bissonnette's examples.
The hearing is set to resume on dates yet to be selected in April or May.


If you are looking for a church home, or a safe place to explore your spiritual journey, we welcome you.
We are a church that emphasizes God's acceptance and love, not fear and rules. We prefer conversation and good questions to pat answers.
From the very beginning, Greenville Community Church has been a church for the newcomer, open to the community, and welcoming to all. This heritage of hospitality and diversity lives on today.


Riverview High School wrestled in the regional duals this past week. The Sharks defeated Palm Harbor convincingly 55-18 in the quarterfinals. After that, Riverview wrestled in the semifinals and took a 43-21 victory over Manatee High School.
"Our inexperienced wrestlers came up with really big wins and our freshman Nico (Hernandez) had two really big wins," Head Coach Ryan Hall said. This win puts Riverview against Osceola for the regional finals on Jan. 25.
The Riverview wresting team competed in the Tiger Duals in mid-January, taking second place. Riverview beat Bayshore 84-0, Palmetto 61-18, Braden River 58-9, and Lemon Bay 42-25, but lost to Jesuit 69-3.
Some honorable mentions the coach sent out to wrestlers included: Gunnar Malouff who went 5-0, Lane Keck, Josh Guerra, Tyler Forrest, Chris Felix, Nico Hernandez, and Centrell Sommers, who all went 4-1. According to Hall, this shows an excellent performance by our athletes.
Wrestling schedule (subject to change) is: Dual at Newsome Jan. 22; State dual meet at Osceola Jan. 25 and 26; Live Greco Invitational at Steinbrenner Feb. 2; Dual at Strawberry Crest Feb. 6; Dual at Riverview against Robinson (Senior Night) Feb. 7; Riverview 6-way tournament at RHS Feb. 9; Hillsborough County Championships at Wharton Feb 15 and 16; District championships at Riverview Feb. 22; Regionals at Osceola March 1 and 2; State at Silver Spurs Arena, Kissimmee March 8 and 9.


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Peltula impressa är en lavart som först beskrevs av Vain., och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Swinscow & Krog. Peltula impressa ingår i släktet Peltula och familjen Peltulaceae.   Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I have lived in the Seattle area since 1998. In 2002, I joined over 38,000 others to watch the Ducks finish a disappointing season in the Seattle Bowl. Remember the Seattle Bowl? It only existed for two years, so you might have missed it if you were traveling overseas, not born yet or taking a nap.
I remember four things from that day.
1) Losing badly to Wake Forrest.
2) Watching a little known redshirt freshman named Kellen Clemens coming off the bench to start the 2nd quarter.
3) Being relentlessly taunted by trolling Husky fans.
4) Still to this day, the most miserable experience I've ever had at a live sporting event.
Yes, Duck fans, we lost to Ohio State, but we have come a long way since the short-lived Seattle Bowl and getting crushed by Wake Forrest and a quarterback named James MacPherson.
If you remember, this was the team that started 6-0, in the first year of the post-Joey Harrington era. Moving as high as the #4 ranking in the country only to lose 6 of their last 7 to finish a dismal 7-6 capped by a lackluster Seattle Bowl performance only left a bad taste in the mouth of fans. Afterwards questions lingered whether the Ducks were truly the rising program they marketed themselves to be. Was it really all about Joey? Was this the begining of the return to the perpetual Pac-10 cellar?
Turns out it was not. A month after the Seattle Bowl, a high school senior named Haloti Ngata signed with the Ducks – the program's first ever 5-star recruit. The next season, Oregon started strong again, beating Michigan at home and finishing 7-5. The buzz generated from the Michigan game likely much more important the the season results. The Seattle Bowl was a small downturn in what would turn out to be a fast-rising program.
Yes, we lost to Ohio State. Yes, it was bad. But, this team and this program will bounce back and continue to compete for conference championships and major bowl games. Re-live the Seattle Bowl yourself if you dare, below.


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James Harden erupts for 47 in Rockets win over the Suns
James Harden and Russell Westbrook scored a combined 77 points, as the Houston Rockets took a 139-125 win over the Phoenix Suns.
By Coty M. Davis Dec 22, 2019, 12:02am CST
Share All sharing options for: James Harden erupts for 47 in Rockets win over the Suns
Photo by Barry Gossage/NBAE via Getty Images
Phoenix Suns' head coach Monty Williams did not receive the memo on how to defend James Harden prior to the game. Williams' decision to defend Harden one-on-one resulted in a 47-point performance (15-27 FG, 3-5 3PT) en route to a 139-125 victory for the Houston Rockets, Saturday night, inside the the Talking Stick Resort Arena in Phoenix.
With enough space to score at will, Harden recorded 29 of his final point total in the first half, following an 18-point (6-7 FG, 3-3 3PT) first quarter to open the contest. Although he had it going throughout the game, the Rockets' backcourt proved to be too much for the struggling Suns.
Following a season-high against the Clippers on Thursday, Russell Westbrook scored 30 points while shooting 11-for-21 from the field (52%), to go along with a game-high 10 assists in the win.
Behind Harden and Westbrook, the Rockets finished the night with one of their best offensive performances of the season, as Houston shot a sizzling 58.6% from the field, 46.3% from 3-point range.
I'll say it again, James Harden is a real life 2k MyPlayer with the difficulty level set on rookie. #Rockets pic.twitter.com/MSxQfzly7C
— Coty Davis (@CotyDavis_24) December 22, 2019
After leading by 14-points early in the second quarter, Phoenix came within five as the Rockets led 70-65 at the half. In addition to the lack of production coming off the bench, Houston's defense struggled to stop Phoenix from attacking the basket, as the Suns recorded 40 points in the paint during the first half.
Houston improved on their defensive miscues, as the Suns scored 24 points in the paint during the final 24 minutes. The Rockets also gained better production from their second unit due to the play of Gary Clark.
Clark scored all nine of his points in the second half shooting 3-for-5 (60%) from behind the arc, which included a made 3-point field goal late in the third quarter to gave the Rockets an 11 point advantage. Clint Capela recorded his seventh double-double over the past eight games with 14 points and 17 rebounds.
James Harden (19,716) is now 45th on the NBA's all-time scoring list after passing John Stockton (19,711) in the first quarter of tonight's game. Up next is Antawn Jamison (20,042). #Rockets
With the win, the Rockets have now won 13 straight over the Suns, which includes an 11 game winning streak in Phoenix.
Despite all five starters scoring in double digits, the Suns have now dropped six straight games. Forward Kelly Oubre Jr. led Phoenix with 26 points, while Devin Booker recorded 19 in the loss.
After a 14-point victory, the Rockets improve to 2-0 on their four-game road trip, as they head to Sacramento to take on the Kings inside the Golden 1 Center on Monday. Tip-off is slated for 9:00 P.M. CT.
Rockets 118, Kings 112: Houston Clutches Up Down Stretch in Win The Rockets get a split in Sacramento.
Forever a Dream Shaker Time to move on, but time not forgotten.


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