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The other Churches of Rennes!
Ok so I have been to Rennes several times, and written on it on several posts in my blog. All have been of a general nature on day, weekend trips. However, it has so much to offer as things to see, the city is amazing. The capital city of the region of Brittany, and the seat of dept 35 Ille et Vilaine. I like to change all that a bit by telling you about some of its monuments especially from the history ,architecture side I like.
Therefore, here are my takes on two Churches, Notre Dame St Melaine and Toussaints of Rennes. Hope you enjoy it.
Notre-Dame-en-Saint-Melaine Church is located in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine department no. 35 in my beloved Brittany. It is located in the extension of Rue Saint-Melaine in the northeast part of the center of the medieval town. It is bordered on its southern façade by the western end of the Thabor Park (see post on it).
The sanctuary is dedicated to Saint Melaine, traditionally considered as the first bishop of Rennes, who died here in 6C. He is buried on the hill of the cemetery in Rennes, where the abbey of Saint Melaine was built. The Church served as a Cathedral in the first half of the 19C. Between 1803 and 1844, the Cathedral of Saint-Pierre , deliberately demolished at the end of the 18C and not yet rebuilt, was no longer usable as a cathedral or sanctuary. Notre-Dame-en-Saint-Melaine presents itself today as a composite building in Romanesque and Gothic style, behind a classical and neoclassical tower-steeple. Its layout is in the form of a Latin cross.
A bit of history I like
The primitive Church was built on the tomb of Saint Melaine, Bishop of Rennes at the end of the 5C and early 6C. The construction of the Romanesque church ,taking from 1081 to 1109, some parts of which remain today; such as the transept and the bases of the tower of the steeple. In the first half of the 13C, the square of the transept was covered with a vault of warheads whose departure is still visible. In the 14C, the arches of the nave and the high windows are redone, as well as the choir. In 1432, the tower of the steeple was rebuilt on Romanesque bases. The façade of the steeple is entirely remade in limestone, also in 1683 a new cloister, but the capitals and columns of the ancient cloister of the 11C are preserved in the Museum of Brittany. A Way of the Cross painted in fourteen paintings made in a classical style, inspired by the 17C French or Italian.
The facade of the steeple designed in a perfectly symmetrical way is in very good condition. It dates to its current appearance of 1676, and is made of limestone. From the old stained glass windows of the Church blown up during WWII, during the bombardment of the city, in 1943, which touched notably the Thabor park, remains, at the bedside of the north collateral, a canopy characteristic of the production of the 19C. The stained glass windows are replaced in the 1950's by simple colored glasses. The large bay of the south transept is adorned with a window of eight meters in height and four meters in width evoking the Translation of the relics from the remains of the Holy Bishop Melaine arriving at the gates of the city of Rennes by the Vilaine river while the laity and clerics prostrate himself in its passage.
The great-organs Claus from 1879. The Organ Cavaillon-Coll, former organ of the chapel of the Carmelites delivered in 1874. Transfer of the Church of Saint Aubin to the Abbey and restoration in 2011.
Saint Melaine would have played an important role in king Clovis, which he would have become the adviser. At his death between 529 and 549 his body deposited in a boat would have reached Rennes where he was buried in the cemetery in the north east of the city. A monastery would have been founded at the site of its tomb around 550. A new monastery was consecrated in 630. The abbey remains abandoned until about 937. The dynasty of the bishops of Rennes seizes the time of the abbey and endows his daughters in dismembering the diocese the bishop withdraws to Saint-Melaine by designating as his successor his son Gautier who takes his retirement as abbot after the accession of his son Garin to the episcopate of Rennes. Saint-Melaine is finally reformed from 1058. Endowed with Abbots commendatory since the beginning of the 16C, during the collapse of the Cathedral of Rennes, the Benedictine monks oppose twice in 1740 and 1770 at the installation of the Episcopal headquarters in Saint-Melaine. The abbey was finally assembled at the Bishopric of Rennes in 1775. The cloisters of the 11C and 17C, the logis abbatial, the conventual buildings and the garden were preserved.
Tourist office of Rennes on Notre Dame en St Melaine
The Church of Toussaints (All Saints), formerly Chapel of St. Thomas, of Rennes, Baroque style counter-Reformation, located south of the Vilaine river ,by rue du Captain-Alfred-Dreyfus. Designed from 1624 to 1651 as the Chapel of St. Thomas College, this chapel became a parish church in 1803, replacing the ancient Church of Toussaints, which was 300 meters away.
A Chapel of Toussaints existed in Rennes at the end of the 10C, occupied by hermits of St Augustine and dependent on a parish established in a chapel dedicated to Saint Mary Magdalene. Its location corresponds to that of the central market halls built in 1922. The All Saints ' Chapel was rebuilt during the 15C and 16C, despite the collapse of the bell tower in 1482 and a tower in 1513. This one, rebuilt in the 17C, collapses again in 1715 to be rebuilt from 1764.
The municipal Royal College of Saint-Thomas-Becket , (as middle school and future high school Émile-Zola) is founded around 1534 and moves into the buildings of the old Priory St. Thomas, near the Church of Toussaints. In 1604 the Jesuits were entrusted with the instruction until 1762. The two Chapels of the Collège ,Saint-Thomas and Saint-Marc, revealing themselves too small, the instructions given to built the Grande Chapelle Saint-Thomas consecrated in 1651. The main altarpiece of the All Saints ' Church of Rennes dates from 1653.
During the French revolution, in 1789, schoolchildren and soldiers occupied the new St. Thomas Chapel on several occasions. The college became a central school in 1795 and then high school (lycée) in 1803. The seat of the parish is transferred to the Chapel of St. Thomas in 1803, which takes the name of the Church of Toussaints and is no longer attached to the school. Nevertheless, a passage from a courtyard of the same establishment remains, until the 1970's, the only way to access the right-hand tribune overlooking the choir as the headmaster's Tribune, reserved for the administrative staff of the school. It was restored in 1834, then in the middle of the 20C and again in 2013. It is today the seat of the parish of Toussaints Holy Family.
Touristi office of Rennes on Toussaints
Just two wonderful monuments while walking in delightful Rennes, the best way to see a city. It has a lot of things to see and this is just a minor contribution. Hope you enjoy the off the beaten path Churches of Rennes!
And remember, happy travels, good health, and many cheers to all!!!
Posted on February 24, 2019 at 20:01 in Bretagne, Europe, France	| RSS feed | Reply	| Trackback URL
Tags: Bretagne, Europe, France


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Alison Dunhill: Michelle Sommer's review
Largo das Artes International Art Residency Programme
Review of Alison Dunhill's final exhibition
by Michelle Sommer, freelance curator
The minimalist gesture of collecting detritus found in the city transforms itself into poetry in the artist Alison Dunhill's hands. The delicacy of the objects gathered and re-distributed find form in airy installations which gently touch the planes of ceiling, floor, walls and supports.
In Alison's propositions we are invited to explore the universe as it unfolds its parts. Hypnotised, we discover that the form derives from the unification of mundane component parts. Among objects such as found metals, wire, diverse fabric pieces and small bits of plastic, structures emerge from of their everyday source into a strong poetic re-signification.
The act of collecting and re-signifying what is unnoticed and continually discarded in the over-consumption of our contemporary society becomes visible art through a process of juxtaposition. And it's right there, in the connections and possibilities that emerge from the act of exposing what is otherwise lost – thinking from the triad of space-event-movement we are presented with the spatial rhythms of a visual choreography in Alison's work.
Barthes defined the punctum as the sting, the small hole, the spot, or the cut, that pierces the order of sensory unconscious experience. In the artist's work we can explore an expansion of Barthes' concept, if we think of what is beyond the objectness of the objects and let in the emotional experience of the viewer, as the artist mobilises the viewer's desire beyond the visual field.
Circulating between its parts is a diversity of punctums and punctal moments in apotheosis. The Brazilianness of the colours and textures (that beautiful rose-pink element of the sculpture on the ground!) is incorporated in the experiments with the possible in the propositions of the English artist. Here then, through the visual, is an open door to the possible.
Here are some images of work Alison Dunhill made during her Residency.
Information about her Residency at Largo das Artes is here.
All images © Alison G Dunhill Privacy policy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home/Automotive/2022 Ford Super Duty Trucks Receive Price Hikes Of $1,295
AutomotiveTruck
2022 Ford Super Duty Trucks Receive Price Hikes Of $1,295
Andrew G. Send an email 3 weeks ago
Purchasing a new vehicle falls short of ideal at the moment, with dealership markups often adding ridiculously high sums to the top of already expensive cars due to inventory shortages. But it seems that's not all consumers have to worry about, as every time we turn around, there's another price hike by manufacturers. This time, the 2022 Ford F-Series Super Duty trucks are receiving a $1,295 price increase from before.
2022 Super Duty Price Hike: Details
According to CarsDirect, all 2022 F-Series Super Duty trucks will get a $1,295 price increase to their base MSRP. In the case of the Ford F-450, the price of a well-equipped truck makes its way well past $95,000. However, the good news is that the standard F-150 truck remains unaffected as of right now. Even so, this decision made by Ford marks one of the largest of a series of mid-year price increases. Even though it's not uncommon for manufacturers to have mid-year price increases, this one certainly hits people's pocketbooks. However, when considering the aforementioned dealership markups, $1,295 doesn't make itself to be that big of a deal by comparison.
Pricier trucks can result in higher financing costs. For example, an $80,000 vehicle paired with a 6-year loan at 5% APR translates to over $12,700 in interest. The result means that individuals in dire need of the capability a Super Duty model has on offer have little choice but to pay the resulting premium associated with vehicles at the moment.
Image Via Ford.
2022 Ford Super Duty: Updates And New Features
Updates for the 2022 Ford Super Duty include an available 12-inch touch screen, plus cloud-connected SYNC 4 featuring wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, as well as connected navigation. A new Ford Super Duty Lariat Sport Appearance Package adds style with body-color grille, bumpers and mirrors for customers who prefer less chrome. Meanwhile, the popular Super Duty Black Appearance Package expands availability to XLT trim level.
At the top end of the lineup, the 2022 Ford Super Duty King Ranch and Platinum now feature standard 4×4, while King Ranch now has a standard tailgate step. Non-dually Super Duty trucks also receive standard 20-inch bright machined cast aluminum wheels, replacing the standard 18-inch wheels. Meanwhile, the 2022 Ford F-250 with the 6.7-liter Power Stroke diesel engine without High-Capacity Trailer Tow Package can now be had with 3.55 electronic-locking rear axle. For blind spot awareness, an available 360-degree dual beacon LED warning strobes replace previous four-corner LED warning strobes. Wrapping things up, the 2022 Ford Super Duty Lariat is now available with a Baja interior color theme, while a Navy Pier and Light Slate color combination is available for Super Duty Limited trucks.
Lastly, Atlas Blue joins the color wheel.
2020 Ford Super Duty Tremor. Image Courtesy of Ford.
Up To Intel Core i9-12900HK CPUs & NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080 Ti GPUs
Execs Leave Silicon Valley To Join Crypto Startups
Like A British Ford GT With EcoBoost V6 Power
The Virtual Walk Around Of The Chevrolet Silverado EV
The Ford Maverick "Mav-1" Features Mustang Mach 1 Inspired Decals
New Corsa Performance Air Intake For 2017-2022 Camaro ZL1
Prove your humanity: 10 + 10 =


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Seattle Art Book Fair
Makeready
Makeready was a free virtual event featuring over 35 artists, designers, printers, and publishers in a series of online conversations, studio visits, and workshops that explore the process of making an art book from start to finish. Makeready speakers will share a wide variety of work — from personal zines to one-of-a-kind artists' books; from trade art / literary books to contemporary art editions.
Recordings available now!
Visit Library →
Support Seattle Art Book Fair!
Donate at Shunpike →
About Makeready →
2021 Schedule →
Follow us on Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter
Email us at info@seattleartbookfair.org
The Seattle Art Book Fair is organized by volunteers, powered by Shunpike, and supported by 4Culture.
Seattle Art Book Fair presents
Past event / Recordings available in the Library →
Week 3 / May 28–29
After a Book
How a book gets into the world. What are different methods for printing and binding a publication? What is the role of a publisher? How do artistic and experimental publications find their audiences?
A recording of this event will be available soon!
Colleen Louise Barry / Seattle
Mount Analogue / Angel Tears / Gramma / Website / Instagram
Colleen Louise Barry is an artist and writer. She runs the interdisciplinary publishing projects Mount Analogue and Angel Tears and was the editor-in-chief of Gramma Press. Her first book of poems, COLLEEN, is due out from After Hrs this year.
Sharon Blake / Seattle
Life Chronicles Publishing / Website / Instagram
Sharon Blake is the CEO of Life Chronicles Publishing, a Huffington Post Contributor for three years, full-time professional writer for eight years, Best Selling Author of Chronicles of Pain: Leaving the Pain of the Past Behind, 20 Beautiful Women Vol 2, The Thought Detox: Breaking Free from a Negative Thought Life, and I Am Beautiful: The Evolution of Beauty. Also, she has appeared on . . .TBN's KTBW Seattle/Tacoma and OCN television network shows. Her education consists of a degree in Human Service Management and studies in Chemical Dependency through the State of Washington. Her passion for starting her own publishing company flourished because she desired to participate in the healing process by sharing real-life stories. Sharon knows first-hand that writing supports a healthy thought life and this is why she is passionate about writing and publishing all genres of books.
Hannah Pierce / Brooklyn, NY
Small Editions / Website / Instagram
Hannah Pierce is the director at Small Editions, a book studio and artist book publishing house. Since 2012, Small Editions has collaborated with over 20 contemporary artists to publish bookworks and artists books that unite interdisciplinary practices with book arts. Their publications can be found in the collections at the MoMA, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Brooklyn Museum, Walker Art Center, Whitney Museum of American Art, SAIC, Tufts University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Cornell University, and Cranbrook Art Museum, among others.
Paul Shortt (moderator) / Gainesville, FL
Website / Instagram
Paul Shortt received his MFA in New Media Art from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and his BFA in Painting from the Kansas City Art Institute. He has participated in over 80 group and solo exhibitions both nationally and internationally. He has participated in . . .the Printed Matter Art Book Fair's in New York City, NY and Los Angeles, CA in addition to art book fairs in Vienna, Austria, Detroit, MI, Kansas City, MO, Cincinnati, OH and Baltimore, MD. His artist books are in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of Art, and the Robert B. Haas Family Arts Library and Yale University. Shortt is currently based Gainesville, Florida.
10am: Push/Pull / Seattle
Maxx Follis-Goodkind / Website / Instagram
Maxx is a Seattle interdisciplinary artist, illustrator, curator, event planner, community organizer, and designer. Her work is rooted in intersectional feminism and community. She is the Director of Push/Pull, an artist cooperative gallery and community space in the Ballard neighborhood of Seattle supporting . . .the work of over 200 artists per year. Additionally, she is the Program Director of Greater Ballard Arts and produces the monthly Ballard Night Out (temporarily paused). Maxx is a teaching artist and helping others express themselves creatively is a fundamental part of her own artistic process.
11am: Marquand Editions / Paper Hammer Studios / Tieton, WA
Ed Marquand / Website
Ed Marquand started what is now Lucia|Marquand in 1978. Since then, the company has produced books for over 300 museums, many galleries, artists, architects, and designers. He started Marquand Editions ten years ago to create handmade art books for existing and new customers. These collaborations have been acquired by . . .the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Art Institute of Chicago, Library of Congress, and many other collections.
12pm: Partners in Print / Seattle
Partners in Print brings people together by using old printing presses to amplify new voices, share knowledge, and spark creativity. Seattle's School of Visual Concepts (SVC) spawned a thriving letterpress program and a beloved community of printers. The secret to their success? . . .Community engagement, a respect for craft, and a focus on collaboration. The legacy of that program lives on in Partners in Print today.
1pm: Cornish College of the Arts / Book Arts / Seattle
Dan Shafer / Website / Instagram
Dan D Shafer is a graphic designer, artist and educator living and working in Seattle, WA. He owns Dandy Co., a graphic design studio specializing in book design, environmental design, and event branding and promotion. Clients include . . .Kronos Quartet, American Cancer Society, Salish Lodge, Herman Miller, and Pratt Fine Arts Center. He is also the Creative Director at Chin Music Press and an instructor in the Design department at Cornish College of the Arts. He is currently working to release a custom baseball scorebook.
"Risograph Zine Making from Start to Finish"
ANEMONE / Seattle
Amelia Greenhall + Adam Greenhall / Website / Instagram
Riso Geist / Website / Instagram
Learn risograph zine making from start to finish, with Amelia and Adam Greenhall from ANEMONE and Brighton and Derek Ballard of Risogeist.
• Using basic, free tools like Spectrolite, we'll turn a PDF into print-ready files to make a simple zine.
• Next, let's risograph print, and turn the prints into a book! Collate, cut, trim, fold, assemble and . . .bind, with lots of practical tips.
• Plus: design considerations for riso! Paper, inks, margins, smudging, costs. How to figure out the size of your print run! How to make it cheaper! Simpler! How to find places to get your riso prints made!
ANEMONE is a collaboration and artist initiative by Amelia Greenhall and Adam Greenhall, based in Seattle. We work on a wide range of things: publishing, sewing pattern production, printing, consulting, research, software development, design, mapmaking, and other projects in the studio. We've also been making Spectrolite, a desktop app to help make colorful risograph prints and zines more easily!
feat. Knox Gardner
Entre Ríos Books / Website
In the middle of a project or starting something new? Join SABF co-founders Tom Eykemans and Jayme Yen with Knox Gardner for an open session offering feedback and advice for publishing projects at all stages.


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\section{Introduction}
Nearby star-forming and starburst galaxies have been identified to be GeV-TeV gamma-ray sources \citep{2009Sci...326.1080A,2009Natur.462..770V,2010ApJ...709L.152A,2010A&A...523A..46A,2010A&A...512A...7A,2010A&A...523L...2A,2012ApJ...755..164A,2016A&A...586A..71A,2014ApJ...794...26T,2016ApJ...821L..20P,2016ApJ...823L..17G,2017ApJ...836..208A}.
Cosmic rays (CRs) accelerated by supernova remnants (SNRs) or stellar winds inevitably interact with the interstellar medium (ISM) and produce neutral pions (schematically written as $p+p\rightarrow \pi^0$+other products), which subsequently in turn decay into high-energy gamma-rays ($\pi^0\rightarrow \gamma+\gamma$).
The gamma-ray emission produced in this process is expected to be stable, as has been demonstrated in some starburst galaxies (e.g., \citealp{2012ApJ...755..164A}).
Meanwhile, in the connections that link the star formation and CRs in starburst galaxies, some authors have proposed scaling relationships between star formation rates (SFRs) and gamma-ray luminosities ($L_{\gamma}$) \citep{2002ApJ...575L...5P,2004ApJ...617..966T,2007ApJ...654..219T,2007APh....26..398S,2010MNRAS.403.1569P,2011ApJ...734..107L}.
SFR indicators include the total infrared (IR) luminosity $L_{\rm IR}$ at $8-1000 \ \micron $ converted to a SFR based on dust-processed stellar light \citep{1998ApJ...498..541K}, and radio continuum  luminosity at $1.4$ GHz produced by synchrotron-emitting CR electrons \citep{2001ApJ...554..803Y}.
With the accumulation of \textsl{Fermi}-Large Area Telescope (LAT) data, the correlations between gamma-ray luminosities and SFR indicators are first found in \citet{2010A&A...523L...2A}, confirmed by later studies with larger sample \citep{2012ApJ...755..164A}, and extended to a larger luminosity scale with the detection of gamma-ray emissions from a luminous infrared galaxy NGC 2146 \citep{2014ApJ...794...26T} and an ultra-luminous infrared galaxy Arp 220 \citep{2016ApJ...821L..20P,2016ApJ...823L..17G}.

Among the star-forming and starburst galaxies observed by \textsl{Fermi}-LAT, NGC 1068 and NGC 4945 deserve special attention as these two galaxies show both circumnuclear starbursts activities and radio-quiet AGNs with low-level jets \citep{2010A&A...524A..72L,2012ApJ...755..164A}.
AGNs and star-forming (or starburst) galaxies, the leading components of the extragalactic source population in the GeV range detected by \textsl{Fermi}-LAT \citep{2012ApJ...755..164A,2015ApJS..218...23A,2015ApJ...810...14A,2016ApJ...826..190A,2017MNRAS.466..952A,2019arXiv190210045T}, produce gamma-ray emission by different physical processes.
The former objects arise from intermittent accretion onto the central massive black holes, while the latter objects generate diffuse gamma-ray emission by interaction between CRs and ISM.
Observationally, none of these starburst galaxies show evidence of gamma-ray variability, while variability is commonly seen in  \textsl{Fermi}-LAT AGNs.
The gamma-ray spectra of NGC 1068 and NGC 4945 are similar to those of two typical starburtst galaxies of M82 and NGC 253.
What's more, NGC 1068 and NGC 4945 obey the $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm IR}$ and $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ relations for starburst galaxies \citep{2012ApJ...755..164A}.
In this respect, the gamma-ray emissions in NGC 1068 and NGC 4945 are probably produced dominantly by CRs interaction (hence starburst activity) \citep{2012ApJ...755..164A}, although the AGN-driven outflows in NGC 1068 and NGC 4945 might provide  complementary contribution to the gamma-ray emission under some model assumptions (e.g., \citealp{2010A&A...524A..72L,2016A&A...596A..68L}).
Another controversial source is Circinus galaxy.
\citet{2013ApJ...779..131H} reported the discovery of gamma-ray excess from the Circinus galaxy using the early four years of \textsl{Fermi}-LAT observations, and found that this observed gamma-ray luminosity exceeds the luminosity expected from CRs interactions in the ISM and inverse Compton radiation from the radio lobes. But considering its location near the Galactic plane with $b = -3\arcdeg .8$, systematic error related to uncertainties in the model for the Galactic diffuse and point sources emission should be evaluated with new data \citep{2019arXiv190210045T,2019arXiv190504723G}.

\citet{2019arXiv190210045T} recently released the latest catalog  based on the first eight years of \textsl{Fermi}-LAT science data. Relative to the previous 3FGL catalog \citep{2015ApJS..218...23A}, the 4FGL benefits from many improvements, including twice longer exposure, Pass 8 data, new model of diffuse Galactic emission, and updates on likelihood analysis and association procedure.
The new 4FGL catalog contains two new sources in spatial association with two starburst galaxies, NGC 3424 and UGC 11041, listed in the IRAS catalog\citep{2003AJ....126.1607S}.
NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 were ranked No. 430 and No. 186 out of 629 IRAS sources in the distribution of $L_{\rm IR}$ values \citep{2003AJ....126.1607S}, respectively.
The IR emission of these two objects were so  weak that we do not expect they will be bright GeV emitters involving star formation.
The radio flux density at 1.4 GHz of NGC 3424 is $\sim 161$ mJy \citep{1992ApJS...79..331W}.
Such a source would be unusually weak by comparison with that of \textsl{Fermi}-LAT star-forming and starburst galaxies.
In this paper, in order to investigate the physical origin of the GeV excesses, we  analyze the \textsl{Fermi}-LAT data of NGC 3424 and UGC 11041, performing a detailed analysis of the temporal and spectral characteristics, and examining whether they obey the relationships between gamma-ray luminosity and SFR tracers, like $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm IR}$ and $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ relations for starburst galaxies.

The rest of this paper is structured as follows. In Section 2, we describe the data reduction and results of the \textsl{Fermi}-LAT observations. In section 3, we study the correlations involving gamma-ray luminosities of starburst galaxies. We give our discussions in Section 4 and conclusions in Section 5.

\section{\textsl{Fermi} data reduction}
\subsection{Data selection}
We downloaded the updated \textsl{Fermi}-LAT Pass 8 SOURCE data towards to sources of interest, i.e., NGC 3424 and UGC 11041, for a period of about 10.5 years (MET 239557417 - MET 573163231).
A binned maximum likelihood analysis was performed on a region of interest (ROI) with a radius $10\arcdeg$ centered on the "R.A." and "decl." of each source.
Recommended event type for data analysis was "FRONT+BACK" (evtype=3).
We applied a maximum zenith angle cut of $z_{\rm zmax} = 90\arcdeg$ to reduce the effect of the Earth albedo background.
The standard gtmktime filter selection with expression of ($\rm DATA\_QUAL > 0 \ \&\& \ LAT\_CONFIG == 1)$ was set.
A source model was generated containing the position and spectral definition for all the point
sources and diffuse emission from the 4FGL \citep{2019arXiv190210045T} within $15\arcdeg$ of the ROI center.
The Galactic and extragalactic diffuse models were $\rm gll\_iem\_v07.fits$ and $\rm iso\_P8R3\_SOURCE\_V2\_v1.txt$, respectively. The energy dispersion correction was made when events energies extended down to $100$ MeV were took in to consideration.

In order to get a convergence of fit and good error estimate on parameters in the time resolved and energy resolved analysis, we handled the model file in two different ways. One was to fix the spectral shape of all source, and the other was to fix the spectral parameters for the sources with $>= 7\arcdeg$ degrees away from ROI center.
The bright gamma-ray sources, Galactic diffuse and isotropic emission components were left free in the fitting procedure.
It was found that the two methods did not make any statistical difference to the results.

\subsection{Spatial analysis}
First, we optimized a point source location using the likelihood test-statistic (TS) around the NGC 3424 region, and checked the results assessed in \textsl{Fermi}-LAT 4FGL \citep{2019arXiv190210045T}.
We performed an unbinned method for photons with energies $> 200$ MeV.
We estimated the best-fit gamma-ray emission position with the tool \textsl{gtfindsrc}: $(162\arcdeg .922, 32\arcdeg .8767)\pm 0\arcdeg .04$.
We found the final guess position was in accordance well with that in 4FGL in the error box.
Then, the test-statistic map around the NGC 3424 region was made. Based on the test-statistic map, there was little residual gamma-ray emission nearby, indicating that one point source in the model could depict the gamma-ray emission well in the vicinity of NGC 3424 region.

Since AGNs dominate the population of extragalactic sources detected by \textsl{Fermi}-LAT \citep{2015ApJ...810...14A,2019arXiv190210045T},  we checked possible alternative candidates for this point source in the following main AGN catalogs: the CRATES Flat-Spectrum Radio Source Catalog \citep{2007ApJS..171...61H}, the Veron Catalog of Quasars AGN, the 13th Edition \citep{2010A&A...518A..10V}, the Candidate Gamma-Ray Blazar Survey Source Catalog \citep{2008ApJS..175...97H}, and Roma-BZCAT Multi-Frequency Catalog of Blazars \citep{2009A&A...495..691M}.
No AGN candidate is found within the positional uncertainty of the point source.
Only an IRAS point source associated with NGC 3424 is located within the region.
With only a separation of $0\arcdeg .03$ between the gamma-ray point source and NGC 3424, it is reasonable to ascribe the high-energy emission from the gamma-ray point source to NGC 3424.
Following the similar steps, we examined the data of UGC 11041.
The derived power law index and flux of NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 are compatible with results presented in \textsl{Fermi}-LAT 4FGL.
Although no  AGN candidate is found, a flat-spectrum radio source MG2 J175448+3442 is very close to UGC 11041 and could be an alternative candidate associated with the gamma-ray excess \citep{2019arXiv190210045T}.
\textsl{Fermi}-LAT 4FGL lists UGC 11041 as a variable source in the \textsl{Fermi}-LAT band, which is confirmed by our following data analysis procedure, so the gamma-ray emission most likely arises from an AGN \citep{2019arXiv190210045T}.

\subsection{Light curve and spectral analysis}
We generated a set of time bins for the light curve of photons with energy $>200$ MeV.
In the first trial, the full observation period was divided linearly into five equal time bins.
Each time bin was fitted by a separate maximum likelihood analysis.
The results are shown in Table \ref{tablelc5}.
One could see that the gamma-ray emission in the third time bin was stronger than the other bins by a factor of about one order of magnitude for these two sources, indicating  a clear variability.
\textsl{Fermi}-LAT has worse angular resolution at low energy.
In order to reduce contamination from the nearby sources, we increased the energies of events to above $400$ MeV and $800$ MeV.
The gamma-ray flux variations of NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 are still detected.
The unbinned method and Front photons are used to perform the light curve analysis to check the results, and we find that the trend of gamma-ray emission clustering in the third time bin is not changed.

\begin{table*}[!htp]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{cccccccc}
\hline
\hline
Name&Energies & & Aug 4, 2008  & Sep 15, 2010  & Oct 27, 2012 & Dec 8, 2014 & Jan 18, 2017 \\
    &         & & Sep 15, 2010 & Oct 27, 2012  & Dec 8, 2014  & Jan 18, 2017 & Mar 1, 2019 \\
\hline
NGC 3424&0.2-100 GeV &TS &2 & 0 & 56 & 9 & 0 \\
&            &Flux &$1.46\pm 1.53 $ & 6.49 & $2.28\pm 0.46$ & $5.93\pm 0.47$ &3.69  \\
&           & &$\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-9}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ \\
\hline
&0.4-100 GeV &TS & 4 & 0 & 49 & 7 & 0 \\
&            &Flux &$1.41\pm 1.26 $ & 1.82 & $1.29\pm 0.04$ & $2.98\pm 0.16$ &1.75 \\
&            & &$\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-9}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ \\
\hline
&0.8-500 GeV & TS & 3 & 0 & 49 & 10 & 0 \\
&            &Flux &$4.76\pm 3.81 $ & 1.72 & $5.57\pm 1.28$ & $1.66\pm 0.75$ &8.54 \\
&           & &$\times10^{-11}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-11}$ \\
\hline
UGC 11041 & 0.2-100 GeV&TS &0 & 6 & 97 & 7 & 2 \\
&            &Flux &$4.88 $ & $1.35\pm 0.63$ & $7.41\pm 0.88$ & $2.78\pm 1.07$ &$8.33\pm 6.02$  \\
&          & &$\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-9}$ & $\times10^{-9}$ & $\times10^{-9}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ \\
\hline
&0.4-100 GeV &TS & 0 & 5 & 73 & 4 & 2 \\
&            &Flux & 3.72 & $5.35\pm 2.67$ & $2.51\pm 0.35$ & $5.20\pm 2.55$ &$3.02\pm 2.30$ \\
&           & &$\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-9}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ \\
\hline
&0.8-500 GeV & TS & 0 & 6 & 36 & 3 & 3 \\
&            &Flux & 2.13  & $2.70\pm 1.28$ & $6.72\pm 1.42$ & $2.00\pm 1.21$ & $1.93\pm 1.13$ \\
&            & &$\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ & $\times10^{-10}$ \\
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Light curve of NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 with five time bins. Flux is in unit of $\rm ph \ cm^{-2} \ s^{-1}$. All error bars represent $1 \sigma$ uncertainties. The data points with $\rm TS < 1$ are given upper limits at the 95\% confidence level.}
\label{tablelc5}
\end{table*}

\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.45]{ngc3424_lctsada.eps}
\includegraphics[scale=0.45]{ugc11041_lctsada.eps}
\caption{Lightcurve and cumulative TS in $0.4-100$ GeV with fifteen time bins for NGC 3424 (left panel) and UGC 11041 (right panel). Top panels: the red dashed lines illustrate the maximum likelihood flux level for the $\sim 10.5$ year observations, the upper limits data points are at the 95\% confidence level. Middle panels: cumulative TS (blue star points) of the gamma-ray excess at the source position. Bottom panels: the green data points are generated with the adaptive-binning method based on constant $\rm TS = 9$.}
\label{figlc15}
\end{figure*}

We next checked a finer light curve for photon energies of 0.4-100 GeV with 15 time bins.
The bin number of $15$ is adopted for the balance of total detection significance and statistic.
The light curves and cumulative TS are shown in Figure \ref{figlc15}.
For NGC 3424, the $\chi^2$ goodness-of-fit test is inconsistent with a constant flux with a reduced $\chi^2$ of $2.14$ for data points with a detection threshold of $\rm TS > 1$, rejecting the hypothesis of constant flux.
Meanwile, the ratio between the maximum flux of 15 bins and full time-averaged flux (hereafter $\mathcal{R}$) reached $\sim 4.9$.
Since $\mathcal{R}$ is not affected by choice of various detection thresholds, $\mathcal{R} \simeq 4.9 $ indicates  another piece of solid evidence of variability.
The method most commonly used to quantify variability is a likelihood-based statistic.
Following the definition in 2FGL \citep{2012ApJS..199...31N}, the variability index from the likelihood analysis is constructed, with value in the null hypothesis, that the source flux is constant across the full time period, and the value under the alternate hypothesis where the flux in each bin is optimized:
\begin{equation}
TS_{\rm var} =  \sum_{i=1}^N 2\times ( Log(\mathcal{L}_{i}(F_i)) - Log(\mathcal{L}_{i}(F_{\rm mean}))),
\end{equation}
where $\mathcal{L}_i$ is the likelihood corresponding to bin $i$, $F_i$ is the best fit flux for bin $i$, and $F_{\rm mean}$ is the best fit flux for the full time, assuming a constant flux.
The statistic is expected to be distributed, in the null case, as $\chi^2_{N-1}$ ($TS_{\rm var}$).
For 15 bins, the critical value of $ TS_{\rm var} \geq 29.14$ is used to identify variable sources at a 99\% confidence level.
NGC 3424 should be flagged as variable, with $TS_{\rm var} = 45.3$.
Thus we claim that the gamma-ray emission of NGC 3424 is variable.
Similarly, for UGC 11041, the $\chi^2$ goodness-of-fit test was inconsistent with a constant flux with a reduced $\chi^2$ of $3.62$ for data points with a detection significance $\rm TS > 1$.
We derived $\mathcal{R}$ up to $\sim 4.6$, and the corresponding variability index $TS_{\rm var} = 54.1$, implying the presence of significant variability.
We also use the adaptive-binning method \citep{2012A&A...544A...6L} to generate the light curves based on constant $\rm TS = 9$, see Figure \ref{figlc15}. The gamma-ray flares of NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 are clearly detected.
One can see that the brightest flares of these two sources occur after the construction of the \textsl{Fermi}-LAT 3FGL catalog, so the two sources did not appear in \textsl{Fermi}-LAT 3FGL.
The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the two sources are shown in Figure \ref{figsed}. No spectral curvature was detected.

\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.4]{ngc3424_sed2.eps}
\includegraphics[scale=0.4]{ugc11041_sed2.eps}
\caption{Spectral energy distribution with six energy bins for NGC 3424 (left panel) and UGC 11041 (right panel). The red dashed lines illustrate the maximum likelihood flux level for the full energy band $0.1-100$ GeV. The upper limits data points are at the 95\% confidence level. The green data points are generated based on constant $\rm TS = 9$.}
\label{figsed}
\end{figure*}

We apply this approach to the gamma-ray emission of other starburst galaxies. We measured variability index $TS_{\rm var} = 22.0 $ and $\mathcal{R} \sim 1.6$ for NGC 1068, and $TS_{\rm var} = 31.8$ and $\mathcal{R} \sim 1.7$ for NGC 4945, meaning that NGC 1068 and NGC 4945 have no significant changes in flux over the  $10.5$ years of LAT observations.
We further took NGC 253, a typical starburst galaxy as an example to test our calculation.
We repeated the analysis and obtained variability index of $TS_{\rm var} = 22.8$ and $\mathcal{R} \sim 1.5$, supporting the lack of evidence for variability.
All these results are consistent with that in \citet{2012ApJ...755..164A}, implying that our approach is feasible.

\section{The outlier to the scale relations for $L_\gamma$}
There is a clear positive empirical relation between the gamma-ray luminosity and SFRs in local group galaxies and nearby star-forming/starburst galaxies \citep{2010A&A...523L...2A,2012ApJ...755..164A,2014ApJ...794...26T,2016ApJ...821L..20P,
2016ApJ...823L..17G,2017MNRAS.471.1737F,2019A&A...621A..70P,2019ApJ...874..173Z}.
The relation could be understood generally in the frame of connections among interstellar gas, star formation, and CRs (e.g., \citealp{2004ApJ...617..966T,2011ApJ...734..107L,2017ApJ...847L..13P,2018arXiv181210496C}).
Considering realistic galaxy properties, \citet{2019ApJ...874..173Z} find that the slope of the relation at low infrared luminosity deviates from that at high infrared luminosity end, due to increasingly lower efficiency for the production of gamma-ray emission.
From the point of statistics, the power law function (quasi-linear relationship in log-log space) is equally acceptable by the data \citep{2019ApJ...874..173Z}.
Thus, for simplicity, we still use the power law function in the following content for the same sample galaxies.
Now we check whether NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 obey the above relations.
Following the method in \citet{2019A&A...621A..70P}, we fit the relation of $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm IR}$ and $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo code \textsl{emcee} \citep{2013PASP..125..306F}.
Compared with the previous results, there are some updates on the gamma-ray fluxes for LMC, M 31, NGC 1068 and NGC 4945 \citep{2019arXiv190210045T}.

The best-fit (logarithmic) relation between the updated gamma-ray and IR (and monochromatic radio continuum) luminosities of a sample of pure star-forming galaxies, excluding galaxies with AGN (i.e., NGC 1068, NGC 4945, NGC 3424 and UGC 11041), are ${\rm log} L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV} = (26.46^{+1.32}_{-1.30}) + (1.29^{+0.13}_{-0.13}) {\rm log} L_{\rm IR}$ (${\rm log} L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV} = (10.69^{+2.85}_{-2.87}) + (1.33^{+0.13}_{-0.13}) {\rm log} L_{1.4 \ \rm GHz}$).
Both the Pearson correlation coefficients $r > 0.9$ and chance probabilities $p < 10^{-4}$ imply strong correlations.
The relation of $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm IR}$ and $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ are shown in Figure \ref{lcLumIRRa}.
The two new sources, NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 appear as  remarkable outliers of the $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm IR}$ correlation.
For $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ correlation,  UGC 11041 appears as an outlier, but NGC 3424 as marginal outlier located at the boundary line of $1 \sigma$ dispersion region.
In contrast, two other starburst galaxies with radio-quiet AGNs (i.e., NGC 1068 and NGC 4945)  obey the $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm IR}$ ($L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$) correlations. This may indicate that the gamma-ray emission NGC 1068 and NGC 4945 is mainly contributed by CR interactions \citep{2010A&A...524A..72L,2012ApJ...755..164A,2016A&A...596A..68L}.
The properties of starburst galaxies with detected AGNs are summarized in Table \ref{tablesfgagn}.

\begin{table*}[!htp]
\centering
\caption{Summary of star-forming (and starburst) galaxies with detected AGN}
\begin{tabular}{cccccc}
\hline
\hline
Name &  NGC 1068 & NGC 4945 & NGC 3424 & UGC 11041 & Circinus\\
\hline
Dis. & 16.7 & 3.7 &  26.2 & 69.9 & 4.2\\
\hline
$L_{\rm IR}$ &11.45 & 10.41 & 10.30 & 11.04 & 10.20\\
\hline
$L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$&  167 & 10.8 & 16.4 & 34.6 & 3.21\\
 & $\times 10^{21}$ & $\times 10^{21}$ & $\times 10^{21}$  & $\times 10^{21}$ & $\times 10^{21}$ \\
\hline
$L_{1-500\ \rm GeV}$& $1.02\pm 0.14$ & $9.57\pm 0.97$ & $7.93\pm 2.47$ & $4.87\pm 1.14$ & $8.02\pm 1.27$\\
  & $\times 10^{41}$ & $\times 10^{39}$ & $\times 10^{40}$  & $\times 10^{41}$ & $\times 10^{39}$\\
\hline
$TS_{\rm var}$ & 22.0 & 31.8 & 45.3 & 54.1 & 16.1\\
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}

\textbf{Notes.} The second row is distance in unit of Mpc,  NGC 1068 and NGC 4945  \citep{2004ApJ...606..271G}, NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 \citep{2003AJ....126.1607S}, and Circinus galaxy \citep{2009AJ....138..323T}. The third row is $L_{\rm IR} = L_{8-1000 \ \micron }$ with unit of $L_{\sun}$ in logarithmic space, NGC 1068 and NGC 4945  \citep{2004ApJ...606..271G}, NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 \citep{2003AJ....126.1607S}, Circinus galaxy\citep{1996ARA&A..34..749S}. The radio continuum luminosity at 1.4 GHz $L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ with unit of $\rm W \ Hz^{-1}$ is from \citet{2001ApJ...554..803Y} for NGC 1068 and Circinus galaxy, \citet{1990PKS...C......0W} for NGC 4945, \citet{1992ApJS...79..331W} for NGC 3424, and \citet{1998AJ....115.1693C} for UGC 11041. The time-averaged gamma-ray luminosity with unit of $\rm erg \ s^{-1}$ are taken from \citet{2019arXiv190210045T}, except for NGC 3424 and UGC 11041. The $TS_{\rm var}$ is calculated using equation (1), the critical value of $ TS_{\rm var} \geq 29.14$ is used to identify variable source at a 99\% confidence level for 15 time bins.
\label{tablesfgagn}
\end{table*}

\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.55]{Lum_IRpl2.eps}
\includegraphics[scale=0.55]{Lum_Radiopl2.eps}
\caption{ $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm IR}$ relation (left panel) and $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm 1.4 \ GHz}$ relation (right panel) for star-forming (and statburst) galaxies without detected AGN (shown in light blue circle data points).
The black solid line and dashed lines are the best-fit linear correlation and uncertainty at $1 \sigma$ confidence level, respectively.
The infrared luminosities in unit of $L_{\sun}$ are from \citet{2003AJ....126.1607S}. The radio continuum luminosities at 1.4 GHz in unit of $\rm W \ Hz^{-1}$ are from \citet{2001ApJ...554..803Y}, except for M82 \citep{1990ApJS...73..359C}, SMC \citep{1987A&A...178...62L}, LMC \citep{2007MNRAS.382..543H}, and M31 \citep{1975PASP...87...83D}.
The gamma-ray luminosities in unit of $\rm erg \ s^{-1}$ for starburst galaxies are taken from \citet{2019arXiv190210045T}.}
\label{lcLumIRRa}
\end{figure*}

\section{Discussions}
The gamma-ray properties of NGC 3424 and UGC 11041, including significant variability and bright gamma-ray luminosity, imply that the radiation processes are different from other starburst galaxies, whose gamma-ray emission is mainly from CRs diffuse process.
This suggests that their high energy gamma-ray emissions require an extra contribution.
Therefore we suggest NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 may harbor obscured AGNs, and attribute the gamma-ray emission associated with NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 to originate from AGN activity.
For NGC 3424, this is supported by the fact that NGC 3424 is classified as a AGN based on the [NII]/$\rm H_{\alpha}$ ratio combined with the strength of the $\rm H_{\alpha}$ line \citep{2013A&A...558A..68G}.
Interestingly, NGC 3424 appears to be in the early stage of  merger with NGC 3430 \citep{2013ApJ...768...90L}, which is capable of triggering not only AGN activity, but also star formation process.

The major part of gamma-ray sources in 3FGL are radio-loud AGNs \citep{2015ApJ...810...14A}, which are observed to host  powerful relativistic jets.
However, NGC 3424 has a ratio of radio (5 GHz) to optical (B-band) flux $F_5/F_B < 10$, meaning that it is a radio-quiet AGN \citep{1989AJ.....98.1195K}\footnote{\url{http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/}}.
According to the [3.4]-[4.6]-[12] $\mu$m color-color diagram observed by WISE \citep{2010AJ....140.1868W}, NGC 3424 is located in the starburst region, implying that the IR emission is not from the non-thermal process.
We also note that, different from $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm IR}$ relation, NGC 3424 is marginally consistent with the $L_{1-500 \ \rm GeV}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ correlation (see Figure \ref{lcLumIRRa}), which is not well-understood and may require further investigation.
As for UGC 11041, besides the WISE data demonstrating that the IR emission is probably from thermal emission as well, there is not much information available, so further investigation is necessary.

The situation of NGC 3424 is somewhat similar to  Circinus galaxy, a system with coexistence of a typical obscured Seyfert-type active nucleus and a starburst.
As one of the closest known active galaxies to the Milky Way, the Circinus galaxy is located behind the intense foreground of the Milky Way disk, $(l, b) = (311\arcdeg .3, -3\arcdeg .8)$, resulting in much uncertainty and ambiguity with \textsl{Fermi}-LAT data analysis.
With respect to the results in \citet{2013ApJ...779..131H}, the updated gamma-ray flux has been reduced roughly by half \citep{2019arXiv190210045T}.
Thus, its $L_{\gamma}$ value moved closer to this boundary line of 1$\sigma $ dispersion region of the correlations, see Figures \ref{lcLumIRRa}.
Similarly, we measured the $TS_{\rm var} = 16.1$ and $\mathcal{R} \sim 1.7$ for 15 bins light curve.
These characteristics favor that the gamma-ray emission originates from CR interactions with ISM, see \citet{2019arXiv190504723G} for further information.
Interestingly, a possible companion to the Circinus galaxy has been found \citep{2016AJ....151...52S}, which could explain the star formation activity in Circinus induced by a strong tidal perturbation in this binary galaxy system.

In addition to NGC 3424 and Circinus, starburst galaxies in our sample once or now are probably undergoing major or minor mergers.
Major merger, minor merger, or transient encounter may trigger circumnuclear starburst or(and) AGN, although the companion in this so-called starburst-seyfert system is not necessarily discernible \citep{2004ApJ...605..144M}.
Arp 220, for example, dense gas in the circumnuclear region induced by strong interaction during major merger of two disc galaxies (e.g., \citealp{1990ApJ...354L...5G}), leads to intense star formation activity.
Although a low-luminosity AGN could be present \citep{2015ApJ...814...56T,2017MNRAS.469L..89Y,2018MNRAS.474.4073W,2019MNRAS.484.3665Y}, star formation process contribute a dominant fraction of the gamma-ray radiation in Arp 220 \citep{2016ApJ...821L..20P}.
These systems where gamma-ray emission is dominated by processes associated with the circumnuclear star formation rather than with the AGN should be recognized as starburst-dominant Seyfert galaxies in the framework of \citet{2004ApJ...605..144M}.  We could further speculate that the fraction of gamma-ray emission powered by AGN will increase with the consumption of gas in starburst galaxies like Arp 220.
NGC 3424 with significant indication of variability is clearly different from these starburst galaxies.
The evidence for AGN in NGC 3424 \citep{2013A&A...558A..68G} is consistent with the elevated gas supply and nuclear activity expected during the interaction between NGC 3424 and NGC 3430, despite the early stage of merger. The star formation activity in NGC 3424 may become more intense in later stages of the merger, and the system probably evolves to a starburst-dominant Seyfert galaxy if the star formation rate is high enough.

\section{Conclusions}
We performed a detailed analysis of \textsl{Fermi}-LAT data  around the regions of two ordinary IRAS sources, NGC 3424 and UGC 11041, which have recently been reported to be associated with 4FGL  sources \citep{2019arXiv190210045T}.
We paid special attention to the flux variability. Significant  temporal variability is evident in the gamma-ray emission of NGC 3424 and UGC 11041.
We calculated the gamma-ray luminosities and investigated whether NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 obey the empirical $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm IR}$ and $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ relations of starburst galaxies.
We find that NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 appear as outliers of $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm IR}$ and $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ relations (though NGC 3424 locates at the boundary of $L_{\gamma}-L_{\rm 1.4\ GHz}$ correlation).
Their gamma-ray luminosities are about  an order of magnitude larger than  what are expected from CR interactions.
These results suggest that NGC 3424 and UGC 11041 may host AGNs, and the gamma-ray emission of these two starburst galaxies may arise from the AGN contribution, not from star-formation driven CR process.
Finally, for the gamma-ray excess around UGC 11041, we note that the association with a flat-spectrum radio source MG2 J175448+3442 could not be excluded.

\vspace{1 cm}
X.Y. Wang is supported by the National Key R \& D program of China under the grant 2018YFA0404203 and the NSFC  grants 11625312 and 11851304.
J.-F. Wang is supported by the National Key R\&D Program of China (2016YFA0400702) and the NSFC grants U1831205, 11522323.
F.K. Peng acknowledges support from the Doctoral Starting up Foundation of Guizhou Normal University 2017 (GZNUD[2017] 33) and the Technology Department of Guizhou province Fund under grant No. [2019]1220.
Q.J. Zhi acknowledges support from the science and technology innovation talent team (grant (2015)0415), the High Level Creative Talents (grant (2016)-4008) and Innovation Team Foundation of the Education Department (grant [2014]35) of Guizhou Province.
This research has made use of the NASA/ IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
The authors are grateful to the anonymous referees for the useful and detailed comments.
F.K. Peng thanks M.-Y. Xiao, D.-H. Yan, and Q.-C. Liu for useful discussions.

\facility{\textsl{Fermi}(LAT)}

\section*{ORCID iDs}
Fang-Kun Peng: \url{https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-5132}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Perry Mason Gets Its Mandatory Gritty Reboot
By Glenn Garvin - June 19, 2020 at 11:00AM
Perry Mason. HBO. Sunday, June 21, 9 p.m.
Meet the new Perry Mason. The old one was one of the most remarkably stable—and square—characters in American entertainment culture. Through more than 80 novels and short stories by Erle Stanley Gardner, six Warner Brothers films, 271 television episodes starring Raymond Burr, 15 more in an abortive reboot with Monte Markham, 253 radio shows, and uncounted TV movies, cartoons, and comic strips, Mason for the past nine decades has been not only the nation's foremost criminal defense attorney, but its most upright, rarely bending and never breaking a rule while winning approximately all of his cases.
He's so squeaky clean that during hearings on her nomination to the Supreme Court, Sonia Sotomayor was able to cite Mason as her primordial source of legal thought without fear of scandal. (Sotomayor may have been influenced by the fact Mason was among the first American attorneys to get an ethnicity transplant when his radio self briefly turned Hispanic during the 1940s.)
The hero of HBO's new miniseries Perry Mason is an altogether different fellow who shares practically nothing with his earlier incarnations but the name. He's not even a lawyer but a sleazy private investigator who works "on the bottom, feeding off runaways and cheaters," as a sneering cop remarks with considerable accuracy, and isn't above a little blackmail when the opportunity presents itself.
Clad in a perpetual five o'clock shadow and a grubby wardrobe purchased second-hand from the city morgue ("I've got a domestic stabbing with a three-piece if you want," offers an attendant), the broke Mason lives in a half-wrecked farmhouse next to a cropduster airstrip ("a two-cow dairy in the middle of an airport," he describes it) even shabbier than his ethics. Unlike most noir detectives, he's not even proficient with his fists; he doesn't serve knuckle sandwiches, just eats them.
How a skid-row character like this makes an appealing or even interesting protagonist is a mystery far more puzzling than any of the cases Mason takes on, yet he does. Just as he did in his signature role as a ruthless KGB spy in The Americans, Matthew Rhys uses self-mocking wit and caustic charisma to make you love a guy who is not the least bit lovable. Perry Mason is the ugliest fun-to-watch show (or perhaps the funnest-to-watch ugly show, I don't know) since Showtime's cuddly serial-killer-next-door series Dexter left the air nearly a decade ago, and the cracked side of America's national psyche will be the better for it.
It helps that series creators Ron Fitzgerald and Rolin Jones (whose previous producing credits include a lot of high-end TV like Friday Night Lights and Boardwalk Empire) have elected to set this Perry Mason in Depression-era Los Angeles, where the landscape—dappled with dazzling sunshine, big money, Hollywood salacity and police malfeasance—makes it the perfect backdrop for noir cynicism. Even the restaurants are sardonic: The show opens in one called Ptomaine Tommy's.
It's there that the Dodsons, a working-class couple, are waiting for the ransomed return of their abducted 1-year-old child, Charlie. What they get instead is his corpse—eyes sewn open to make it look more lifelike—and a horde of police investigators who think the whole thing was a scam-gone-wrong perpetrated by the couple themselves. A wealthy friend hires moneyed attorney Elias Birchard (John Lithgow) to conduct a private investigation, and he in turns puts Mason and his equally scruffy sidekick Pete Strickland (Shea Whigham, Boardwalk Empire), on the payroll for field work. Also helping and/or hindering the probe are Paul Drake (Chris Chalk, Gotham), one of the few black cops in the profoundly racist LAPD, and Della Street (Juliet Rylance, The Knick), Birchard's crime-busting receptionist.
Mason warns that the case is going to be a "long, long, deep, dark tunnel," and he's right; both Dodsons are lying to protect secrets, and police intransigence blocks the investigation at every turn. So does Mason's blotchy personal life. Though neither the novels nor the nine-season TV run of Perry Mason ever revealed much about the background or outside-the-office life of their hero, HBO's version is wildly confessional.
Mason has a vengeful ex-wife, a son he's not allowed to visit or even speak to, a girlfriend who may be a hooker, and a cow with a death wish. He's about to lose what remains of his home. He's got PTSD from World War I, when he was discharged from the army for some murky but apparently undistinguished reason. His investigations rely less on deductive skills than lockpicks and covert photography, and he lives by the motto, "Everybody's up to something, and everybody is guilty." When a coroner warns him that that the corpse he's about to view is "the worst thing you've ever seen," Mason bitterly retorts: "How do you know what I've seen?" In Perry Mason, you can always count on something worse.
Posted by Admin at 11:58 AM


Permanent Partnership Council (PPC), which replaced Cooperation Council in 2003, is the main working body of the Russia-EU cooperation. PPC meetings are held in the format of Foreign Ministers as well as other Ministers. Regular consultations allow Ministers responsible for various policy areas to meet as often as necessary and to discuss specific issues. PPCs have so far been held with the participation of Foreign Ministers, Justice and Home Affairs, Energy, Transport, Agriculture, Environment, Culture, Science and Education Ministers.


text:
Atoms for Peace: Santa Barbara
by Jonathan on April 17, 2010
Thom Yorke and Co. took the stage earlier tonight at the Santa Barbara Bowl to play their second to last show on the Atoms for Peace tour. Since Flying Lotus is playing Coachella today, opening act duties were given to Autolux.
We see "Give up the Ghost" and "Videotape" being performed by Thom (solo) for the first time all tour. We hope to have videos soon [update: video of "Videotape" below].
Here's the setlist:
01 The Eraser
02 Analyse
03 The Clock
04 Black Swan
05 Skip Divided
06 Atoms for Peace
07 And it Rained All Night
08 Harrodown Hill
09 Cymbal Rush
10 Give Up the Ghost
11 Videotape
12 Everything in its Right Place
13 Paperbag Writer
14 Judge, Jury, and Executioner
15 The Hollow Earth
16 Feeling Pulled Apart By Horses
As always, if you attended please let us know how it was in the comments.
Atoms for Peace wrap up their tour tomorrow night at Coachella.
(Thanks to @paranoidrobot for the setlist and video. Photo courtesy of FTRHayabusa)
NPR to stream Santa Barbara show
by Jonathan on September 5, 2008
NPR.org will be "airing" the Santa Barbara Radiohead show on Monday, September 8th at noon ET. They mention that "all the concerts webcast on NPR Music are archived after they air, and most are available in the Live in Concert from All Songs Considered podcast.
For more info, check out their page.
If you don't know by now…
by Jonathan on August 28, 2008
… then head on over to radiohead.tv to catch Radiohead performing as we speak in Santa Barbara, California. Do it.
01. Reckoner
02. Optimistic
03. There There
04. 15 Step
05. All I Need
06. Nude
07. Talk Show Host
08. Weird Fishes (Thom: "Cool beans")
09. The Gloaming
10. Morning Bell
11. The National Anthem
12. Faust Arp
13. No Surprises
14. Jigsaw Falling Into Place
15. The Bends
16. Karma Police
17. Bodysnatchers
18. Cymbal Rush
19. House of Cards
20. Paranoid Android (Thom: "This is for anyone who has had surgery. You're going to be dead soon. It's all going south, brother.")
21. Go Slowly (Thom: "I didn't mean it about the surgery. Whatever you want to do")
22. Everything in its Right Place (Thom: "Nice idea mate." after crowd was chanting "True Love Waits!")
23. Videotape
24. Lucky
25. Idioteque
UPDATE 10:01 PM PT: Show's over folks. Hope you enjoyed it as much as we did.
Oh, and by the way, webcast tonight
A note was posted on Dead Air Space today hinting to a possible webcast coming soon. Our guess is that it will be tonight's show in Santa Barbara.
Now wouldn't that be amazing?
Stay tuned to DAS….
UPDATE: Yup, it's official. Webcast tonight!
From Colin:
Hello! To celebrate the end of a brilliant tour, we're going to webcast the last show here in America. We'll be playing live in Santa Barbara, at the Bowl. It's one of our favourite places to play; I think we've ended tours there before, once even playing a cover of ' cinnamon girl '. It's not too big, in fact it's very intimate, a small arena with a dirt floor, set in pretty countryside. It should be a special night, for lots of reasons, and we're going to try and share as much of it as we can on the webcast. Nigel, our producer, will be helping out getting it to you, so if it goes wrong….It's live!
Thank you so much to everyone who's come and seen us this year; it has truly been the most special and exciting tour for all of us.
Webcast details to follow…
Last day of the tour (sniff, sniff)
(photo by obscurafix)
Tonight Radiohead play their final date of the 2008 North American tour in Santa Barbara, California. They'll then take a month off and hit Japan for six dates in October. What will happen after that?
There is talk of the band touring South America and Mexico in 2009. Maybe Australia too. We'll have to wait and see.
Thom and Jonny cover Neil Young
Thom and Jonny covered Neil Young's "Tell Me Why" last night at the Hollywood Bowl. Here's the video:
Radiohead :: "Tell Me Why" (neil young cover) from gorilla vs. bear on Vimeo.
MP3: Radiohead – "Tell Me Why"
More information about this show, including the setlist and reviews, can be found at our gigography.
(via Gorilla Vs Bear via At Ease)


When using where(), you can pass the optional third parameter which way the $value should be quoted. This functionality is not available for having(). It would be nice to have it.
Can you propose a patch and unit test by chance?
Can I just say I'm jealous on this issue?
I'd wanted to add an issue with this id.
Ralph: I'll try to do it tomorrow.
Ralph, it would be great if you have time to review it.
I think this patch has some problems : In Zend_Db_Select, line 535, a test on value is done. That can't allow us to pass 0 or "0" (or an empty string) as value.


RI RI-W3 annual W-3 recon.
Employers must submit this report within 14 days of start date. A re-hire is an employee who has returned after a separation of at least 60 days.
Employers may also submit the employee's W-4.
Failure to report new hires is punishable by a fine determined by the state.


text:
Common sinus infection in 12-year-old leads to rare illness, emergency brain surgery
Seizures, pain caused by mystery infection
By: Michael Paluska

Hunter Tidwell, 12, image of brainscan from MRI.

TAMPA, Fla. — Hunter Tidwell, now 13, was a happy and healthy 12-year-old when he developed a sinus infection that nearly killed him.
It would take a trip to the emergency room and 10 MRIs to finally diagnose Hunter's illness.
The best way doctors described it was, a sinus infection that traveled up instead of down to his chest, where they normally go.
The subdural empyema lodged itself just behind Hunter's hair line. Rounds of antibiotics were used to try and knock out the abscess but it continued to grow.
"That infection walled itself to the point it needed to be drained," Dr. Jayson Sack said.
The neurosurgeon said he tried to do everything he could to avoid surgery but the puss in Hunter's brain couldn't be stopped.
"The infection was actually outside and inside the lining of the brain so you have to open up the lining then wash everything out," Sack said.
Hunter was sick for about a week in July of 2017. The day his father planned to take him to a doctor said he came home from "work and he had a seizure in the floor of the kitchen so he ended up coming to the hospital in an ambulance," Bill Tidwell said. "When he was laying in the floor having a seizure, I've never been so scared, I've never felt so helpless."
RECOMMENDED: FDA working to limit dosage of over-the-counter Imodium because people are increasingly abusing it
Hunter spent nearly three weeks in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Florida Hospital. For those three weeks Hunter said he made friends with the nursing staff playing video games, boardgames, anything to pass the time.
Hunter's mom, Mont, spent her time taking photos and videos of her son's progress.
"Seriously," Hunter exclaimed in one of the videos as he turned in his wheelchair to a camera in his face recording.
That was the day before his surgery.
"It was a very interesting experience," Hunter said.
Through the searing headaches, seizures, and brain surgery, Hunter has an interesting story for his classmates. The 13-year-old missing several weeks of school said people still don't believe him.
"I tell them I was in the hospital and I had brain surgery and the part that really gets them confused is when I tell them I had a subdural empyema," Hunter said.
The Tidwell family said because of the loving staff at Florida Hospital and a dedicated doctor they got their son back. After the surgery he made a full recovery celebrated his 13th birthday, saw the solar eclipse and survived his first hurricane.
"I don't take anything for granted anymore," Hunter said.


Whether you're rebuilding an electric motor, installing gaskets or assembling power-generating machinery like a wind turbine, Hernon® is the only name you need to know. Hernon Manufacturing offers a full line of high-performance, industrial-grade adhesives, sealants, coatings and related dispensing equipment for power generation.
All Hernon Manufacturing products are backed with over 38 years of engineering excellence. We have delivered solutions to internationally recognized companies for a wide range of applications. Hernon Manufacturing also offers a complete line of semi and fully automated dispensing equipment.
Each Hernon Manufacturing adhesive dispensing solution is engineered to maximize quality control of the process, productivity, economy of sealant usage and energy efficiency. Hernon Manufacturinghas worked to refine this complete line of products for power generation and adhesive dispensing equipment to meet today's production environment rigors and need for accuracy and repeatability.


text:
import {Dictionary} from "../src/data/dictionary.js";
import {MissingIdentifierError} from "../src/error/missing_identifier_error.js";
import {expect, assert} from "chai";

describe("Dictionary", () => {

    it("should create empty dictionary", (done) => {
        let dictionaryUnderTest = new Dictionary();

        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.length).to.be.equal(0);
        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.isEmpty).to.be.true;
        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.isNotEmpty).to.be.false;

        done()
    });

    it("should add array on initializing", (done) => {
        let expectedId = "test_id_1";
        let expectedValue = "test_value_1";
        let anotherExpectedId = "test_id_2";
        let anotherExpectedValue = "test_value_2";
        let expectedArray = [{
            id: expectedId,
            value: expectedValue
        }, {
            id: anotherExpectedId,
            value: anotherExpectedValue
        }];
        let dictionaryUnderTest = new Dictionary(expectedArray);

        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.length).to.be.equal(2);
        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.isEmpty).to.be.false;
        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.isNotEmpty).to.be.true;

        done()
    });

    it("should add item", (done) => {
        let expectedId = "test_id_1";
        let expectedValue = "test_value_1";
        let dictionaryUnderTest = new Dictionary();

        dictionaryUnderTest.insert({
            id: expectedId,
            value: expectedValue
        });

        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.length).to.be.equal(1);
        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.isEmpty).to.be.false;
        expect(dictionaryUnderTest.isNotEmpty).to.be.true;

        done()
    });

    it("should get item by its ID", (done) => {
        let expectedId = "test_id_1";
        let expectedValue = "test_value_1";
        let anotherExpectedId = "test_id_2";
        let anotherExpectedValue = "test_value_2";
        let expectedArray = [{
            id: expectedId,
            value: expectedValue
        }, {
            id: anotherExpectedId,
            value: anotherExpectedValue
        }];
        let dictionaryUnderTest = new Dictionary(expectedArray);
        let actualItem = dictionaryUnderTest.getItem(expectedId);
        let anotherActualItem = dictionaryUnderTest.getItem(anotherExpectedId);
        let unavailableItem = dictionaryUnderTest.getItem("not_available");

        expect(unavailableItem).to.be.undefined;

        expect(actualItem).not.to.be.undefined;
        expect(actualItem.id).to.be.equal(expectedId);
        expect(actualItem.value).to.be.equal(expectedValue);

        expect(anotherActualItem).not.to.be.undefined;
        expect(anotherActualItem.id).to.be.equal(anotherExpectedId);
        expect(anotherActualItem.value).to.be.equal(anotherExpectedValue);

        done()
    });

    it("should throw error on missing or invalid ID", (done) => {

        expect(() => {
            new Dictionary([{
                id: "id"
            }]);
        }).to.not.throw(MissingIdentifierError);

        expect(() => {
            new Dictionary([{}]);
        }).to.throw(MissingIdentifierError);

        expect(() => {
            new Dictionary([{
                id: ""
            }]);
        }).to.throw(MissingIdentifierError);

        expect(() => {
            new Dictionary([{
                id: null
            }]);
        }).to.throw(MissingIdentifierError);

        expect(() => {
            new Dictionary([{
                id: undefined
            }]);
        }).to.throw(MissingIdentifierError);

        expect(() => {
            new Dictionary([{
                id: 1
            }]);
        }).to.throw(MissingIdentifierError);

        expect(() => {
            new Dictionary([{
                id: 1.1
            }]);
        }).to.throw(MissingIdentifierError);

        done()
    });

});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
TAVERNERS' TEST
Could this be why England's cricketers crashed in the Ashes tour? Two of the country's top batsmen, Marcus Trescothick and Michael Vaughan, raised a glass to Tyrrell's Wines at the end of this summer's international and county matches. At the beginning of the season, Tyrrell's agreed to offer the proceeds of a glass of its Old Winery Wine for every run scored by Trescothick and a bottle for every catch to The Lord's Taverners, a charity that aims to give young people, particularly those with special needs, a sporting chance. When Trescothick was injured in the summer, his role was taken up by Vaughan.
Les Dauphins unveils its first fizz
Nickolls & Perks invests in new software to double online sales
Nautilus Estate adds duo to its Pinot Noir collection
Morrisons shorten payment terms for small suppliers
Reschke partners with The Vintner to push its wines in the UK


text:
Weather Alert: in Baltimore City, Washington, Howard, Harford, Frederick and Carroll counties.
Bee or not to bee: New Entomological Society director on climate change and why it's OK to squish bugs (sometimes)
Selene San Felice
Annapolitan Chris Stelzig is about to become the executive director of the Entomological Society of America, headquartered in Annapolis.
Before he steps into that role, we bugged Stelzig to answer our most buzzing questions about pesticides, climate change and which bugs should be squished or saved.
What does it mean to be executive director of the Entomological Society of America? Does that make you Lord of the Fly?
I guess I have the conch now? The job is the person who is in charge of staff of the office, which is in Park Place (in Annapolis) with about 15 people.
When I take over the position on Dec. 1, I will be in charge of the staff and answerable to the board of directors. It's really their society so we help them run the society and follow the wishes of the board — which is not the fun answer you're looking for. I would not get to be the lord of the flies. But he might be a member — or she.
Wait, so you're not an entomologist?
No. The weird thing about association management is that oftentimes the people who work for the association are not practitioners in that occupation. I started almost 20 years ago working for them and have developed a strong appreciation for insects and the work of entomologist but I am by no means an entomologist. But I have enough knowledge that I'm good at a cocktail party
An insect-eating plant was just discovered in Maryland for the first time
Well, then what bugs you about bugs? Can I say bugs? Is that PC?
So, here's where I'm going to show off a little bit. Technically, there's something called "true bugs" and that's the order Hemiptera. They are technically the only bugs. Everything else is an insect.
Other than things like ticks, of course, which are not. An insect has to have six legs. Everything else would be an arthropod. Ticks have eight legs.
So ticks are spiders?
No. …
Moving on. Do you have a favorite insect?
I've always loved praying mantises. I like the hunting they do and the stealth. They're very slow and precise until they need to be fast. You can be looking at a bush and not realize there's one there until all of a sudden you see it move and attack whatever creature it was trying to eat. In the blink of an eye, it takes them out.
What about your least favorite?
I really don't know that I have ever thought of a least favorite. I tend to think of the positives.
You don't battle any bugs in your house?
You want me to say mosquitoes, don't you? There are parts that are less attractive about some aspects of (insects or bugs). We have a cellar door to our basement and we call it "Cricket Cave." When the cellar doors are closed, it literally is crawling with crickets. Camel crickets.
The jumpy ones? What circle of hell do those come from?
The third. But I'm really not creeped out by them. I think that being around this for as long as I have, I find them fascinating, just the way that they've adapted for getting around in their world.
Are there any bugs I can feel OK about squishing?
I'll tell you my rule: If there's a critter where it's not supposed to be, such as a cricket in my basement, yeah I'll take that out. If there are mosquitoes flying around inside the house, I'll slap them and kill them. Or fruit flies. Typically if I come across something outside where it's supposed to be in its natural habitat, it's meant to be there and I'm the intruder. So I let those go.
So, should we still spray for mosquitoes? Won't that kill other bugs too?
There's a technique called integrated pest management or IPM. It's the most recognized approach to pest management. You're never going to stop mosquitoes, but the idea is to figure out how to manage them and bring it to levels we can all agree are acceptable. Bearing in mind that disease transmission from both mosquitoes and ticks is high.
You're not dreaming. Huge spider webs really are popping up all over the place
At this point, the CDC says 90% of diseases that are transmitted by arthropods are (from) ticks. The biggest concern these days is tick management, especially in the Northeast. Down Southeast, they're more concerned about mosquitoes.
The EPA office of pesticide programs sets limits as to how you're supposed to use these pesticides and these control mechanisms. If they follow the label, if they do the proper notification, if they do them at the proper time of day, it's as safe as it can get. There's always going to be a trade-off between other lifeforms in the area and protecting human health.
When you bear in mind that when people die from mosquito bites and tick bites and also have long-term health impacts, there has to be a trade-off that has to happen. In integrated pest management, you have to figure out where that balance lies. That's what our members do.
What effect does climate change have on insects and bugs?
Essentially, there are a couple of problems. What happens is, you have insects that are moving into places where they were not before and you have insects that are leaving places they used to be.
As the climate changes, the evolution is such that they don't have time to adjust as rapidly as the climate is changing. That's problem No. 1.
Two, there's now dyssynchrony between their food sources. The plants on which they rely are no longer growing in sync with their life cycles. The flowers may bloom before the bees come out. Then there are no bees to gather pollen. The plants have warmed too soon from when the bee's natural cycle would be to emerge.
The third part of that is, especially related to pests, the climate is now too warm for insect growth in some places. Before, you may have a pest that was growing one generation per year or two generations per year. Now, because there's a longer growing season, you may have three generations or four generations of pests. It expands their ability to exploit new territories.
So, insects are pretty important. Why aren't entomologists treated like rock stars the same way marine biologists or mammal experts?
If I'm giving a talk to a group of people who don't know what entomology is, I'll often joke that it's the most important discipline that most people have never heard of. It's a world people don't really know a lot about but, if you think about it, most life on earth in some capacity depends on insects.
I could talk to any person and figure out whatever their job is or how they live their life daily, and within a few minutes, tell them how insects impact their daily life. Think about your breakfast. Whatever you had for breakfast this morning, you can almost guarantee that insects played a part in bringing you the food on your breakfast table.
I think there is an under-appreciation for the important work of not just entomologists, but insects themselves.
Stelzig is married to Mary Grace Gallagher, a columnist for The Capital.
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The Wachowskis are back with another gigantic sci-fi epic.
The Wachowskis are back with another gigantic sci-fi epic, this timed called Jupiter Ascending. Here is the first full trailer.
Like most Wachowski sci-fi films, this one seems tough to sum up in a trailer, but I'll give it a shot: Jupiter Ascending stars Mila Kunis as a janitor named Jupiter Jones, who is rescued by a space elf(?) played by Channing Tatum. Because she can control bees(???), Sean Bean realizes that she is Space Royalty and the true ruler of Earth. However, Eddie Redmayne (Les Miserables) currently owns Earth and does not want Jupiter to ascend (get it? the title??) to the rule the planet. Making things even more confusing, the planet Jupiter also appears, and making things even more baffling than that: space gargoyles.
All of this looks very promising! That was also true of the extra-length trailer for Wachowskis' last film, Cloud Atlas — a film commendable for its creative and fiscal ambition that, unfortunately, didn't quite stick the landing (that trailer is still perfect though). Hopefully, Jupiter Ascending fares better.


text:
Q: Force return type narrowing in Java? It is possible to narrow return type in overriding methods in Java.
But is it possible to force this narrowing during declaration?
For example, this may be good in the pattern, where inner class is subclassed simultaneously with outer one:
public class Try_ForceNarrow {

    public interface IMember {

    }

    public interface Container<M extends IMember> {
        M createMember();
    }

    public static class A implements Container<A.Member> {

        @Override
        public Member createMember() {
            return new Member();
        }

        public class Member implements IMember {
        }
    }

    public static class B extends A implements Container<B.Member> {

        @Override
        public Member createMember() {
            return new Member();
        }

        public class Member extends A.Member {

        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    }

}

This code fails compile with an error of "The interface Container cannot be implemented more than once with different arguments".
How to avoid this?
Of course, I can just write
public static class B extends A  {

        @Override
        public Member createMember() {
            return new Member();
        }

        public class Member extends A.Member {

        }

    }

But this way I can forget to override createMember() and violate the pattern.

A: And what about A<T> implements Container<T> ? You can restrict T further as you wanted...

A: It appears to me that you want each subclass C to have a createMember factory method that returns a new object that has the same type.  The problem is that if C1 provides a factory method that returns C1, and then C2 extends C1, there's no way to force C2 to provide its own method--it could just inherit the one from C1.
I don't think there's a solution that will catch errors at compile time, but maybe you can do something that catches the error at run time:
abstract class MemberBase {

    protected abstract MemberBase doCreateMember();
    protected abstract Class<?> memberClass();

    public MemberBase createMember() {
         MemberBase result = doCreateMember();
         if (result.getClass() != memberClass()) {
             throw new RuntimeException("createMember returned the wrong class");
         }
         return result;
    }

}
public static class A extends MemberBase {

    @Override
    protected Member doCreateMember() {
        return new Member();
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?> memberClass() {
        return Member.class;
    }

    public class Member implements IMember {
    }
}
public static class B extends A {

    // If you forget to define this, the doCreateMember in A will be
    // inherited, but it will return the wrong class and lead to a
    // run-time exception
    @Override
    protected Member doCreateMember() {
        return new Member();
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?> memberClass() {
        return Member.class;
    }

    public class Member extends A.Member {
    }
}

I haven't tested this, and I'm not sure it accomplishes what you are looking for.  Plus I may have gotten some syntax wrong.  But maybe this, or a modification of it, might be useful.

A: I believe this fulfills what you are trying to do.
You can create a new abstract class that implements Container which allows you to continually extend or narrow the generics, but you need to declare each class static:
class Try_ForceNarrow {

    public interface IMember {

    }

    public interface Container<M extends IMember> {
        M createMember();
    }

    //The abstract class that lets you continually extend or "narrow"
    public static abstract class A<E extends A.Member> implements Container<E> {

        public static class Member implements IMember {
        }
    }

    //Here is the first class that extends the Abstract Class A
    public static class B extends A<B.Member> { //This class now Implements Container<B.Member>

        @Override
        public Member createMember() {
            return new Member();
        }

        //Since this is the first extension we will extend A.Member
        public static class Member extends A.Member {

        }

    }

    //This is an additional class that extends A but we want to extend the functionality of B.Member also.
    public static class C extends A<C.Member> { //This class now Implements Container<C.Member>

        @Override
        public Member createMember() {
            return new Member();
        }

        //C.Member properly extends B.Member
        //if this class is going to be extended this needs to be static
        public class Member extends B.Member {

        }

    }
}

And of course per your requirements if you remove
@Override
public Member createMember() {
    return new Member();
}

From the extending sub-classes you get a compile error.

A: Of course it will fail, your class A implements Container<A.Member>, but your class B extends A but also implements Container<B.Member> which is like class B extends A implements Container<A.Member> Container<B.Memeber> , and in terms of the compiler, there is no difference between Container<A.Member> and Container<B.Member> due to type erasure, after compilation, all generics information will be lost, so there is no <……> after type erasure, only their upper bounds and lower bounds exist, your type parameters are unbounded so they will erase to the same type, after erasure, your class B literally looks like this class B extends A implements Container Container which is fundamentally wrong. You can narrow the return type on overrides which is called covariant return type, this will also create a bridge method in the VM to preserve porlymorphism in Generics.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Biografia

I genitori, quando lui aveva solo 5 anni, furono arrestati durante le purghe staliniane e furono inviati in un gulag per anni. Dopo gli studi di medicina a Leningrado, si dedicò alla scrittura di romanzi, nei quali dipinge il malessere giovanile russo che ricerca la libertà del corpo e dello spirito, fuori dagli stereotipi fissi e conservatori tipici della società sovietica.

Il biglietto stellato, pubblicato dal 1962 a puntate sulla rivista Junost', lo rese tanto famoso da generare un vero e proprio successo di scandalo a causa dell'uso di forme gergali e di dialoghi autentici, verosimili, in forte contrasto con l'estetica del regime. Dopo la censura del romanzo del 1965 L'uccello d'acciaio, poi pubblicato nel 1977 negli Stati Uniti, nel 1980 fu espulso dalla Russia e perse la nazionalità sovietica. Visse tra Biarritz, in Francia, e Mosca, dove continuò a scrivere e pubblicare. Nel 2004 ha pubblicato Voltairian Men and Women, vincitore del Russkij Booker.

Bibliografia

Opere
 1961 – Colleghi (коллеги)
 1961 – Il biglietto stellato (Звёздный билет)
 1965 - La vittoria (Победа)
 1965 - L'uccello d'acciaio (Стальная птица)
 1965 - Il selvatico (Дикой)
 1966 – A metà strada dalla luna (На полпути к Луне)
 1968 – Zatovarennaja bočkotara  (Затоваренная бочкотара)
 1974 – L'uccello (Любовь к электричестве)
 1978 – Il rottame d'oro (В поисках жанра)
 1980 – L'ustione (Ожог)
 1981 - L'isola di Crimea (Остов Крым)
 1983 - Paesaggio di cartaceo (Бумажный пейзаж)
 1994 - Generazione d'inverno (Зимы генерация)
 2004 - Voltairian Men and Women
 2006 - I piani alti di Mosca

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sometimes it's more fun to stack silver bullion when it's an artistic expression of one's beliefs, or is a window into another culture, rather than a completely generic item. That's is certainly the case with this Buddha 10 gram silver bar from the PAMP Suisse Faith series. This series celebrates the various universalizing religions around the world in beautiful gold or silver. Fittingly, Buddhism is the one major religion that allows and encourages its practitioners to also follow the traditions of another faith. Each .999 fine silver bar contains a total of 10 grams of pure silver.
The back side of the bar is stamped with the PAMP Suisse logo near the top rim, while the bar's exact weight and purity, "10 g FINE SILVER 999," is found in the center. Placed below this is the "ESSAYEUR FONDEUR" emblem, which is the identifying hallmark of Switzerland's finest precious metal refiners. The individual serial number (that matches the assay card) appears near the bottom rim.
The Faith series is an admirable gesture by PAMP Suisse, whose customers can be found on nearly every land mass on the planet. It makes sense that such a global company would want to endear itself to a worldwide client base by celebrating the diversity of cultures and religious beliefs found around the globe. The PAMP Suisse Buddha 10 gram silver bar is an excellent way to pay tribute to a venerable tradition while still acquiring .999 fine silver bullion. Diversify your portfolio with religious diversity!


text:
Search for 'Hermitage' among villages, where to sleep, where to eat, where to buy, what to see or news in e-borghi
You've searched for: Hermitage
» Where to sleep [1]
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The village of Monte Compatri rises on a tufa hill of volcanic origin and the cellars of the houses, dug in the tufa, form an intricate network of underground tunnels.
Pienza is the most popular and important village of the whole Val d'Orcia, in Tuscany.
Ayas is located on the Swiss-Italian border, in Valle d'Aosta.
Aosta, Valle d'Aosta
Lama dei Peligni
The Village of Lama dei Peligni is located in Abruzzo, inside the Majella National Park.
Poggio Torriana is a scattered municipality of Val Marecchia, in Emilia Romagna.
Rapolla
the village of Rapolla is located in Basilicata inside of the historical region of the Vulture
Potenza, Basilicata
The small village of castles and its famous ceramics are in Abruzzo at the foot of the Gran Sasso.
Teramo, Abruzzo
The village of Laveno is located on the shores of Lake Maggiore, in Lombardy.
Varese, Lombardia
the village of Scanno is located in Abruzzo and is known as the village of photographers.
L'Aquila, Abruzzo
the village of Villalago stands near Lake Scanno, in Abruzzo.
The village of Piobbico rises between Mount Nerone and Mount Montiego in Marche region.
Located on the slopes of the Sibillini Mountains, the village of Montefortino is a handful of old stone and brick houses, with a charming medieval character.
Fermo, Marche


This is a high quality, replacement knock sensor for your B5-A4 or S4 or C5-A6 or allroad with the 2.7T or 2.8L motor. This piece is made by Vemo.
If you are getting the code "16716 - Knock Sensor 2 (G66), P0332 - 35-00 - Signal too Low" it's possible that one or both of your knock sensors have failed and you'll need to replace them to ensure proper running of your motor.
NOTE: Each motor will require 2 knock sensors. Make sure to change your quantity to 2 before adding to your cart if you need both.


text:
The Edge: Chris Ebersole on Basketball without Borders, the NBA's Return to Play and more
Jeff Angus2020-07-14T20:25:54+00:00July 14th, 2020|Categories: Articles, Blog, Featured|
"We want to try to innovate. And this is an opportunity to do that. And just from a competition structure standpoint, obviously everything that we're going to have to do around game operations… there's going to be a lot of innovation there."
Chris Ebersole on the NBA's restart in Orlando
In this week's episode of The Edge, we caught up with Chris Ebersole from the NBA.
Chris has a lot on his plate at the league as the Senior Director of both Elite Basketball and International Basketball Operations. We talked about:
We discussed:
His thoughts around the NBA bubble and restart
The history of Basketball without Borders and the impact it has had on the game
His favorite international prospects for this years draft
The importance of the NBA All-Star Game and Global Games
How the NBA Academy creates tangible hopes and dreams for players all over the world
The NBA's partnership with HomeCourt
Available wherever you listen to podcasts. Full show transcript available here.
On Basketball Without Borders:
"Basketball without Borders is really the foundation for us in terms of international basketball operations and what the NBA does all over the world."
Using technology connecting with athletes during COVID:
"With the pandemic hitting and only being able to engage virtually with the majority of our athletes for the last several months, it has been, really a lifesaver in a lot of ways for us just to be able to use that technology."
NBA Global Academy and the impact it has had:
"So we now have six academies all over the world. We want to develop them (players) as citizens and as leaders as well. And so developing their life skills and their communication skills, their leadership skills."


text:
Kite Runner Paradox
Submitted By Malorie_smart
1. Summary In this novel - "The Kite Runner" , the author Khaled Hosseini portrays the character Baba as an evident paradox. As we pass through the plot, the real Baba was exposed gradually. During Baba's prosperous days in Afghanistan, Baba has a famous nickname "Mr. Hurricane"(Pg.13). At that time, Baba seems admirable and unreachable- he wrestled a bear, clusters crowds around him, runs a successful business, builds an orphanage, despises the laws, and radically defines the world in his own words. Also, he is born in a prestigious wealthy family, enormously affected by his father, "who was a highly regarded judge and a man of impeccable reputation," therefore, "justice" and "reputation", became the most important things in his life. However, his superiority also leads him to a big ego. Even though he was nearly down and out in the USA, he "drops the stack of stamps on her (the officer's) desk,"(Pg.138) rejects the charity money. What's worse, he was excessively opinionated and self-centered. He exacts obedience from Amir, imposes his values and wishes on Amir and the world, and refuses to adapt to America. Thereby, people who love him "maybe even hating him a little."(Pg.16) Baba seems strong and has no fear, but it's wrong. There is one tragedy hurts him times over and over like a curse - losing what he loves - his father, his wife, Ali and Hassan, and his mother country Afghanistan. The only one he has now is Amir, the son which represents him. That's why he was so strict to Amir. Yet, Amir never stops trying to earn Baba's love and approval. Later, as he sees Amir adapts to America better than himself, he soften his attitude towards Amir. Baba proudly matches Amir with Soraya, and he dies with happiness knowing that Amir is on the way to a man "who can stand up for himself" that he expects all along. After Baba's death, Amir finds out his terrible hidden secret - Hassan is his illegitimate son as a result of his affair. In conclusion, Baba is the man who always deviates from himself. He hates theft, yet he steals the right to truth; he likes America's idea, yet he distain to attend an ESL course; he regards his reputation, shamefully he got involved in the affair with his friend's wife; he tries to shape Amir's character better, but the barrier between Amir and him goes thicker and thicker. Next, to develop this character, I would like to dissect Baba with evidences and details.
2. Mind 1) How the character sees/understands the world? "Now, no matter what the mullah teaches, there is only one sin, only one. And that is theft. Every other sin is a variation of theft. Do you understand that?" (Pg.19) Baba has a intensive hatred for "theft" which is defined as the "only one sin" in his mind."When you kill a man, you steal a life," Baba said, "You steal his wife's right to a husband, rob his children of a father. When you tell a lie, you steal someone's right to the truth. When you cheat, you steal the right to fairness." Then I find out what he essentially detests is - to lose something. Since his father had been killed by a theft, he lost a father. 2) Baba's opinions of Amir. "If I hadn't seen the doctor pull him out of my wife with my own eyes, I'd never believe he's my son." (Pg.25) Through the conversation between Rahim Khan and Baba, the first time he speaks out his true opinions and worries of Amir - "A boy who won't stand up for himself becomes a man who can't stand up to anything."(Pg.24) In his mind, Amir tends to be a mean boy, whereas Hassan "steps in and fends them (the boys tease Amir) off." Deep down, the parts of Amir's personalities that Baba dislikes is exactly previous himself - a liar, a betrayer, a man has no courage to confess his own crime. 3. Heart 1) Hopes Baba's stony eyes bore into mine and, just like that, I wasn't laughing anymore. "I mean to speak to you man to man. Do you think
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During the slow process of writing and recording the second full-length Huminoida album there's going to be a string of EP releases. "Mystic Summer EP" is the first of the series and it's released as ltd edition numbered (200 copies) 10" clear vinyl + CDR set.
Once again Huminoida introduces a varying selection of styles and moods ranging from the summery synthpop of "Time and Space" to the underlaying creepiness of "The Boatman". The accompanying CDR includes also a blissful electropop remix by Flux Fin.