San Luis Obispo County, January 28, 2016 – Glistening blue waves, lush vineyards and golden sunlight beckon as they welcome you to San Luis Obispo County, rich in charm, romance, and breathtaking beauty. Located halfway between Los Angeles and San Francisco, the region's diverse landscape isn't simply where romantic dreams are made. Mere moments from shimmering beaches, world-renowned wineries, and gorgeous pastoral vistas, San Luis Obispo County boasts a one-of-a-kind backdrop for every couple.
Allow 80 miles of pristine coastline and spectacular swaths of untouched forestland to ignite your heart's desire. Among the surf, sands, and soil, discover copious options for love-stricken couples looking to cherish quality time together. With so many idyllic activities to choose from, and in the spirit of love and Valentine's Day, explore these top five notions for planning a romantic outing and weekend away.
Beach bonfires are an especially romantic treat enjoyed along Central California's coast any time of year. Watch the sunset light up your love's eyes, light a fire in the sand and relish the warm glow of the flames as you listen to the waves and roast s'mores on one of the many San Luis Obispo County beaches. Take the experience even further with Beach Butlerz, which creates a memorable occasion with one of their five beach bonfire packages, including a romantic beach bonfire complete with a canopy and plush pillows. Just select a beach in Cambria, Morro Bay, Cayucos, Avila Beach, Pismo Beach, Grover Beach or Oceano, and Beach Butlerz will set up the experience so all you have to do is arrive, sit back, relax and fall in love.
Point San Luis Lighthouse and Piedras Blancas Light Station are each located on expansive coastal vistas along San Luis Obispo Countyâ���™s Central Coast. These iconic, historic structures hold a romantic allure and both offer spectacular tours. The Piedras Blancas Light Station is managed as an historic park and wildlife sanctuary and is part of the federally designated Outstanding Natural Area. Originally built in 1890 and beautifully restored, the Port San Luis Lighthouse provides a glimpse into the lives of lighthouse keepers and their families. The lighthouse also offers a stunning backdrop for that perfect engagement or wedding day. Let your love shine as the two of you go hand-in-hand on a tour of a lighthouse. After the tour, head over to the San Luis Obispo Little Theater for an evening show. It's a quaint, intimate venue that is one of the oldest continuously running community theatres in the nation.
Wine tasting in San Luis Obispo County can be filled with romance, especially when it includes a visit to one of the award-winning wineries in Paso Robles or San Luis Obispo. Find a quiet spot to lay a picnic blanket and open a bottle of wine, along with some fresh fruit, cheese and bread. Hire someone to do the driving for you like Breakaway Tours, 101 Wine Tours, or Uncorked Wine Tours. Discover beautiful vistas and rolling hills, or perhaps Heart Hill Vineyard at Niner Wine Estates, featuring a naturally occurring heart-shaped grove of blue oaks. End your evening dining in downtown Paso Robles, Atascadero, San Luis Obispo or Arroyo Grande where your taste buds will fall in love with the sweet treats of farm-fresh cooking.
Explore one of the dozens of trails in San Luis Obispo County, like Montaña de Oro State Park, one of area's most stunning and serene coastal locations. Explore the seven miles of rugged coastline, secluded beaches and coastal plains, and 8,000 ocean-front acres of hiking, biking, equestrian trails, breathtaking coastline, cliffs and tide pools. Immerse yourself in the natural beauty with a hike to find wildflowers, and then relax on the sandy shore at Spooner's Cove. Kick of your shoes and dip your toes in the water as you enjoy the sun setting amidst the ocean backdrop and emerald rolling hills.
San Luis Obispo County is the perfect place to take your love to the next step. Discover intimate chapels, historic missions, charming churches, and picture-perfect vineyard venues as unique as your love. Exchange vows under the branches of an ancient oak tree or say, "I do," amidst the brilliant fauna of a centuries-old adobe garden. Your choices are varied, vivid and all within San Luis Obispo County.
February is Romance Month in San Luis Obispo County, and all month long, you and your sweetheart can delight in a collection of deals to help plan a romantic getaway. Explore luxury oceanfront resorts refreshed by invigorating coastal breezes, wine country bed and breakfasts and vacation rentals ranging from hip to quaint, and modern hotels boasting cutting-edge amenities, local color, and unforgettable epicurean delights.
Only in February 2016, enter the Visit San Luis Obispo County Mini-Moon Giveaway, where you can submit a photo of you and your sweetheart for the opportunity to win a two-night stay in San Luis Obispo County, along with lunch, dinner and activity gift cards. Visit www.VisitSanLuisObispoCounty.com for more information.


Description: Be careful! With the sudden rush for gems, a thief has been picking targets to steal from, particularly people carrying Shining Gems… Unfortunately, he was lost in the Guild Resource Battlegrounds, 10 minutes into battle the thief will make an appearance, if you catch him you will be rewarded with 1 Gem Shard!
your probably right but it's free so that's cool.
clarification? so this is only 1 appearance per gr time? just the 1st 10 mins then after that we have to wait for the next gr?


text:
Home More+ How AI Can Help Fleets Reduce Risk When Planning Routes
More+Other Information
How AI Can Help Fleets Reduce Risk When Planning Routes
by Ramit kaur August 31, 2021
written by Ramit kaur August 31, 2021
A fleet faces many risks in day-to-day operations. Proper route planning enables a business to reduce the risks faced by drivers on the road as well as improves their productivity.
AI in route planning has transformed the way fleet managers make decisions. The use of route optimization software helps managers to compile and analyze data to determine safe driving routes for the drivers, cut costs and ensure smooth deliveries.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Route Planning
How AI can help Reduce Risk When Planning Routes
Provides Real-time Data
Eliminates Distractions
Helps to Choose Safe routes
Ensures Uniform Distribution of Workload
Monitor Driver behaviour
Route planning involves choosing the best route for a vehicle to travel from one point to another. In some cases, it involves a simple route from point A to Point B. In some complex scenarios, it involves multiple stops over a fairly long route.
A fleet manager has to analyze various factors such as types of roads, traffic patterns on each road, number of turns along the way, number of traffic signals, number of stops along the way, depot locations, detours required if any, driver schedules, best drives for a particular route and delivery times to choose the optimum route for a trip.
Collecting and analyzing data on these multiple factors consumes time and there is a risk of human error.
Route optimization software combines the power of Artificial Intelligence and machine learning to compile and analyze historical and real-time data to enable fleet managers to make quick decisions on route planning.
It uses various features such as vehicle tracking system, driver behaviour tracking and telematics to create safe routes for drivers, minimize risks and ensure that every delivery is made on time.
AI helps to monitor the route conditions in real-time. For example, even though you have selected the shortest and safest route for the trip, an accident on the way can cause traffic disruptions.
The route optimization software uses GPS to capture real-time data about the happenings on the route and alert the driver to take a detour to avoid the traffic.
AI can also alert on-road assistance teams in case the vehicle encounters any unexpected glitches during the drive to avert any mishaps and ensure the safety of the vehicle and the driver.
Prior to AI, drivers had to listen to radio broadcasts to know about the weather on the route, traffic conditions and other information. They had to go through paper maps while driving to ascertain whether they are on the right route.
The advent of AI in route planning eliminated all these disruptions. Now the use of AI in fleet management software ensures that drivers can get voice alerts from time to time. They can concentrate on driving safely while the navigation part is taken care of by AI.
AI uses GPS and other complex software to detect risks on any given route and determine whether it is safe for the driver. It can easily detect any traffic jams, roadblocks, risky turns, bad weather and other issues that may make driving risky. It helps the driver to choose the safest route and reach the destination on time.
When you are managing a huge fleet that consists of different vehicles and a large number of drivers, it is a tough job to distribute work uniformly.
Uneven work distribution may lead to disputes in the drivers as some drivers may have a high workload due to the high volume of trips in their area and others may be sitting idle. The route optimization software helps to calculate the workload accurately and distribute workload uniformly.
It also considers driver schedules to ensure that every driver gets uniform work. This ensures that the drivers are not overworked and increases job satisfaction.
Visit here to know more information about Third Party Logistics
Fleet managers can use the driver behaviour analysis tool in the fleet management software to monitor driver behaviours and identify risk behaviours such as rash driving, yawning, constant blinking, distracted driving, out of lane driving and slower reaction times.
Fleet managers can reward safe behaviours and take corrective measures to reduce risky behaviours. It helps to increase the safety of the driver and others passengers on the road.
AI has disrupted many processes in business management and fleet management is one of them. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have revolutionized fleet management. Enterprise fleet management software streamlines fleet management and eliminates errors in the process.
Route optimization software uses historical and real-time data to determine the best routes to travel between different destinations. It eliminates the guesswork from the transportation process and gives accurate information about various factors such as traffic conditions, weather, roadblocks, and other risk factors.
It guides the drivers to choose the safest route to reach the destination quickly. It removes unnecessary distractions, ensures uniform distribution of workload and promotes safe driving behaviours.
Thinking Above the Fold: Elements to Consider With Website Banner Design
Applications of Grey Rubber Castors
Learn Digital Marketing Online
Satta King 786 | Satta Lucky Number...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: ¿Cómo hago para que mi página web se visualice bien en un celular? Esta es mi página web https://alexandrawp.herokuapp.com/ como hago para que las ventana se adapte a un celular, miren la ventana de política de privacidad que no se adapta
Este es mi codigo

* *, *::before, *::after{ box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0; margin: 0;}
    body {
 background: #000000;
 color: #000000;
}
header, footer {
 background: #000000;
 width: 90%;
 max-width: 100%;
 max-height: 30%
 margin:20% auto;

}

header nav {
 background: #000000;
 overflow: hidden;
}
header nav ul {
 list-style: none;
}
header nav ul li {
 float:right;
}
 header nav ul li a {
  padding: 3% 6%;
  display: block;
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;

 }
  header nav ul li a:hover {
   background: #55d737;
  }

.main {
  background: #000000;
  display: flex;
  padding: : 0%

}

.main aside,
.main .article{
  padding: 2%;
  box-sizing:border-box;
}

.main .iz{
  width: 15%;
}
.main .de {
 width: 15%
}
.iz{
  background: black;
  color: #fff;
  order: 1;
}

.de{
  background: white;
  order: 3;
}

.article{
  order: 2;
  width: 70%;
  background: white;

}

article{
  background: white;
  margin: 5%;
}

footer {background: #000;
color:#fff;
clear:both
padding:10% 0%;
text-align: center;
}

.centro {
 text-align: center;
}

a.open{
 background-color: #414141;
 border-radius: 5%;
 color: #fff;
 font-size: 0.5em;
 margin: 20px;
 padding: 10px 20px;
 text-decoration: none;
 text-shadow: 2% 2% 0% #000;

}

section.modalDialog{
 background-color: white;
 bottom: 0;
 top:0;
 left: 0;
 right: 0;
 position: fixed;
 display: none;
 z-index: 2;
}

section.modalDialog:target{
 display: block;
}

a.close{
 background-color: #414141;
 border-radius: 5%;
 color: #fff;
 font-size: 60%;
 font-weight: bold;
 line-height: 22%;
 position: absolute;
 right: 1%;
 top:2%;
 text-align: center;
 text-decoration: none;
 width: 3%;
}

a.close{
 background-color: #000;
}

section.modal{
 background-color: #111;
 box-shadow: 0% 0% 10% #000;
 border-radius: 5%;
 color: #fff;
 margin: 5% auto;
 padding: 5%;
 position: relative;
 width: 60%;
}

.diferencia {
 color: #fff;
 font-size: 2em;
 margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.diferente{
 color: #fff;
 font-size: 1.2em;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>

  <meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
 <title>Bienvenidos</title>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">

<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="imagenes/ale2.jpg">

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/estilos.css" />

     INICIO

       ACERCA DE

           X

 acerca de

Este sitio abarca tutoriales para dar soluciones destinadas a resolver dudas acerca de todo tipo de ideas útiles para el internauta

      POLITICA DE PRIVACIDAD

           X

 politica de privacidad

Esta permitido compartir todo el contenido de este sitio, más no está permitido copiar cual fiel copia, para usarlo en el desarrollo de otro sitio web, todo o parte del contenido de mi sitio web. En cualquier caso que se inserte cualquier parte del contenido en otro sitio web se deberá hacer referencia de que se está compartiendo el contenido y de forma notoria que dicho contenido es de mi autoria: Susana Alexadra Loor García y de que se extrajo de: https://alexandrawp.herokuapp.com/ Por lo tanto se establece que se respetará este sitio web como propiedad de la autora, y nadie se podrá adujudicar a su autoria todo del contenido de dicho sitio

       CONTACTO

           X

 CONTACTO

Comunicate con nosotros a este correo susanaloorgarcia@gmail.com

        YOUTUBE

acceso a incognito desde el icono principal

 capturar pantalla sin paint

conocer la clave de windows instalada en tu equipo

configurar el microfono para que se escuche bien en audio/video

convertir ventana a pestaña y viceversa

desactivar, activar cookies en chrome

cortar video de youtube

conocer dns, direccion ip, gategay o puerta de enlace predeterminada y mascara de subred

enviar mensaje masivo outlook office

añadir excepciones a avira

hacer busquedas globales y en cualquier idioma

localizar los archivos de la grabadora de sonido

guardar sesion en chrome rapidamente

averigua que significa la k en youtube

ocultar informacion y partes de video

solucionar el error de rejected git push heroku master

traducir texto rapidamente

gesto del mouse pack para cambio inesperado de aplicaciones en windows

Tutoriales

Portoviejo-Manabí-Ecuador

Quiero que a cierta medida mis dos sidebar se coloquen debajo del articulo, https://youtu.be/HtWIrGqbEwI?t=745, me he dado el trabajo de cambiar todo lo que dice pixeles por porcentajes
Juan copié y pegué lo que me indicastes, muchas gracias porque eres el único que se ha tomado el trabajo de ayudarme me ha resultado estoy muy felíz pero tengo el siguiente error que sin achicar en la página el footer me sale a los lados y no se ve como esta en la pagina web

A: Hay algo que se llama responsive design, el cual hay varias formas de manejar lo, lo puedes manejar manualmente desde CSS con los @media screen aqui te dejo donde lo puedes leer link, tambien lo puedes manejar por medio de frameworks, como Materialize, Bootstrap, y otros que manejan un sistema GRID que se basa en rejillas que dividen la pantalla en 12 columnas y por medio de clases manejas la cantidad de columnas que manejara el elemento en los diferentes tamaños de pantalla.

A: Tienes la opción original de css utilizando @media

Las Media queries consisten de un media type y una o mas expresiones, implicando características del medio, la cual se resuelve como verdadera o falsa. El resultado de la consulta es verdadera si el tipo de medio especificado en el media query concuerda con el tipo de dispositivo que está siendo mostrado y todas las expresiones en el media query son verdaderas.

Ejemplo:

 <link rel="stylesheet" media="(max-width: 800px)" href="example.css" />

Cuando una media query es verdadera, la hoja de estilo correspondiente o reglas de estilos son aplicadas, siguiendo las reglas normales de cascada.
Cuando not ni only son usadas dentro de una query, el tipo de medio es opcional y será interpretada como all.
Un ejemplo:
@media all and (max-width:768px) {
 /* codigo */
    }

Para saber más del tema te dejo este link acerca de las Media Queries brindado por "Mozilla Devs" y este otro link brindado por w3schools.
Otra opción super recomendada, para ganar tiempo y futuras fallas de diseño y que muchos utilizan el dia de hoy,  es un framework  llamado:
Bootstrap
Que brinda muchisimas formas de estilos, maquetado,etc.. y siempre responsivo.
(es decir, adaptable a cualquier dispositivo)
EDIT / Posible Solución
Encontré varias cosas a cambiar en el HTML

 por

Etiquetas
 sin cerrar o agregadas demás.

Posible solución: (actualizada)

* *, *::before, *::after{ box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0; margin: 0;}
    body {
 background: #000000;
 color: #000000;
}
header, footer {
 background: #000000;
 width: 90%;
 max-width: 100%;
 max-height: 30%
 margin:20% auto;

}

header nav {
 background: #000000;
 overflow: hidden;
}
header nav ul {
 list-style: none;
}
header nav ul li {
 float:right;
}
 header nav ul li a {
  padding: 3% 6%;
  display: block;
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;

 }
  header nav ul li a:hover {
   background: #55d737;
  }

.main {
  background: #000000;
  display: flex;
  padding: : 0%

}

.main aside,
.main .article{
  padding: 2%;
  box-sizing:border-box;
}

.main .iz{
  width: 15%;
}
.main .de {
 width: 15%
}
.iz{
  background: black;
  color: #fff;
  order: 1;
}

.de{
  background: white;
  order: 3;
}

.article{
  order: 2;
  width: 70%;
  background: white;
}

article{
  background: white;
  margin: 5% auto;
}

footer {
background: #000;
color:#fff;
clear:both
padding:10% 0%;
text-align: center;
}

.centro {
 text-align: center;
}

a.open{
 background-color: #414141;
 border-radius: 5%;
 color: #fff;
 font-size: 0.5em;
 margin: 20px;
 padding: 10px 20px;
 text-decoration: none;
 text-shadow: 2% 2% 0% #000;
}

section.modalDialog{
 background-color: white;
 bottom: 0;
 top:0;
 left: 0;
 right: 0;
 position: fixed;
 display: none;
 z-index: 2;
}

section.modalDialog:target{
 display: block;
}

a.close{
 background-color: #414141;
 border-radius: 5%;
 color: #fff;
 font-size: 60%;
 font-weight: bold;
 line-height: 22%;
 position: absolute;
 right: 1%;
 top:2%;
 text-align: center;
 text-decoration: none;
 width: 3%;
}

a.close{
 background-color: #000;
}

section.modal{
 background-color: #111;
 box-shadow: 0% 0% 10% #000;
 border-radius: 5%;
 color: #fff;
 margin: 5% auto;
 padding: 5%;
 position: relative;
 width: 60%;
}

.diferencia {
 color: #fff;
 font-size: 2em;
 margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.diferente{
 color: #fff;
 font-size: 1.2em;
}
/** Posible Solución a la pregunta **/

@media all and (max-width:800px) {
 .main{
 display:block;
 width:100%;
 }
 .main .iz {
 display:inline-block;
 width:45%;
 height:100%;
 margin:0 auto;
 }
 .main .de {
 display:inline-block;
 width:45%;
 height:100%;
 margin:0 auto;
 }
 .de p {
 width:90%;
 margin:0 auto;
 display:inline;
 }
 .iz p {
 width:90%;
 margin:0 auto;
 display:inline;
 }
 .article {
 width:100%;
 margin:0 auto;
 }
 article {
 margin:1% auto;
 }
}
<!DOCTYPE html>

  <meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
 <title>Bienvenidos</title>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="imagenes/ale2.jpg">

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/estilos.css" />

     INICIO

       ACERCA DE

           X

 acerca de

Este sitio abarca tutoriales para dar soluciones destinadas a resolver dudas acerca de todo tipo de ideas útiles para el internauta

      POLITICA DE PRIVACIDAD

           X

 politica de privacidad

Esta permitido compartir todo el contenido de este sitio, más no está permitido copiar cual fiel copia, para usarlo en el desarrollo de otro sitio web, todo o parte del contenido de mi sitio web. En cualquier caso que se inserte cualquier parte del contenido en otro sitio web se deberá hacer referencia de que se está compartiendo el contenido y de forma notoria que dicho contenido es de mi autoria: Susana Alexadra Loor García y de que se extrajo de: https://alexandrawp.herokuapp.com/ Por lo tanto se establece que se respetará este sitio web como propiedad de la autora, y nadie se podrá adujudicar a su autoria todo del contenido de dicho sitio

       CONTACTO

           X

 CONTACTO

Comunicate con nosotros a este correo susanaloorgarcia@gmail.com

        YOUTUBE

acceso a incognito desde el icono principal

 capturar pantalla sin paint

conocer la clave de windows instalada en tu equipo

configurar el microfono para que se escuche bien en audio/video

convertir ventana a pestaña y viceversa

desactivar, activar cookies en chrome

cortar video de youtube

conocer dns, direccion ip, gategay o puerta de enlace predeterminada y mascara de subred

enviar mensaje masivo outlook office

añadir excepciones a avira

hacer busquedas globales y en cualquier idioma

localizar los archivos de la grabadora de sonido

guardar sesion en chrome rapidamente

averigua que significa la k en youtube

ocultar informacion y partes de video

solucionar el error de rejected git push heroku master

traducir texto rapidamente

gesto del mouse pack para cambio inesperado de aplicaciones en windows

Tutoriales

Portoviejo-Manabí-Ecuador

A: En resumen te diría que adaptarla a móviles es tan sencillo como usar porcentajes en vez de unidades fijas como px. Y usar los media queries para aplicar estilos dependiendo de las resoluciones.
Otra forma muy fácil de hacer tu sitio responsive es usar frameworks de estilos como Bootstrap, te facilita mucho la vida

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Creating elegant dining room is important for gaining mesmerizing look on your home interior space. It provides unique interior setting with advanced theme there. The comfortable dining space lets you enjoy having meal together during your dining time. That's why it's a good idea for you to create elegant interior style for your dining space. Things that important for making this special interior design are about using compact room style on there. It brings adorable room look with catchy situation on your home. Of course, you will get different situation on your room with nice impression.


GatenbySanderson are working on behalf of a progressive, not for profit organisation with a global presence, and which has over 100,000 members. Our client's members are represented at every level of their chosen profession, and many occupy senior, well rewarded positions with thousands of employers - from blue-chip corporate giants to public sector institutions.
We are now seeking to appoint to the role of Director of Finance & Operations. Reporting directly to the Chief Executive and operating as a Member of the Executive team, you will lead a multi-disciplinary team from a central London location, applying strong negotiation, influencing, relationship building and persuading skills with a variety of stakeholders, internal and external.
Financially qualified and with excellent experience of financial and budget management, you will bring a strong track record of leadership in a complex organisation, including experience of running a strategic finance function, change management and systems and process improvement across different operational areas. Your communication and presentation skills are demonstrably excellent and you will be able to point to a track record successfully deploying them to lead multiple teams across different disciplines, and to manage team members of varying levels.
For a conversation in confidence about the role, please call our managing consultants at GatenbySanderson, Mark Turner (07809 195 638) or Jemima Dalgliesh (07393 013 066). Expressions of interest (CV and covering letter) will be accepted via www.gatenbysanderson.com/job/GSe43939 until Monday 2 July, and preliminary interviews will take place from w/c 11 June.


* I'm not even going to type out the further code needed.
* `$certificateProperties` has two keys `validFrom_time_t` and `validTo_time_t`.
* Those keys contain the UTC representation of the date.
* You will need to check if the current date is between those dates.
What. The. Actual. F. Let's fix this!
$certificate->getIssuer(); // returns "Let's Encrypt Authority X3"
//A certificate can cover multiple (sub)domains. Here's how to get them.
You can also use isValid to determine if a given domain is covered by the certificate. Of course it'll keep checking if the current datetime is between validFromDate and expirationDate.


As far as your short term expenses are concerned and the fact that you are looking for a way to attain some sense of monetary freedom, it does seem ideal to acquire the option of short term secured loans. What makes these loans a viable alternative is its flexibility. You have complete freedom to use the loans and it does mean that you are not anymore required to worry about other constraints.
In context of these loans, the approval comes almost instantly, as the entire transaction takes place online. All you have to do is to fill in the information in the attached online application form. After the lenders have verified the details, the amount you are in need of is then deposited directly in to your bank account. At best, you can use the loans to deal. With expenses related to clearing unpaid grocery bills, installment on loans, educational purposes and other day to day expenses.
As far as short term secured loans are concerned, the funds obtained has to be repaid over a small period of time. Although the interest rate charged is marginally high; on negotiating with the lenders, you can very well get access to lucrative offers on these loans. To be precise, with these loans, it would be ideal for you to derive the funds on the basis of your repaying ability. Even before deriving the actual loan amount, it would be ideal to consider other alternatives. If you can arrange the funds on your own, then it can save you a great deal of money. But when you are out of options and there is no other way out, short term secured loans seems to be best alternative.


text:
Welding Schools Guide Welding Schools Guide
Welding Schools in Louisiana | LA
By welguide on January 21, 2020 in Find Schools
The difference between a job and a career is that a career is a long-term pursuit of something you're ambitious about. If you're ready to start putting your talents to work in a career that makes a difference, a great first step is to enroll in Louisiana welding school. Here, you'll hone your skills and develop the knowledge necessary to land a job in the field that can lead to advancement and further opportunity for decades to come.
Requirements & Eligibility
In order to qualify to be accepted into a welding program, there are a few requirements. For starters, you should have your high school diploma or GED prior to pursuing this advanced education.
Aside from these eligibility factors, there are some physical traits you should possess to ensure this is a safe career option for you to pursue. For starters, solid hand-eye coordination is a must, and you need to have a steady hand in order to produce quality welds. You also need to be able to display close attention to detail as well as solid focus as some jobs can last for extended periods of time.
List of Welding Programs in Louisiana
Application Process & Costs
The application process for welding degrees is a relatively simple one, and you can often complete them in the comfort of your home or office as most schools make them available online to accommodate potential students. You will be expected to provide some personal information before submitting,and your information will be reviewed and followed up on at a later time.
Depending on your financial situation, you may need to provide financial information such as income tax return paperwork in order to apply for aid. Costs vary depending on the level of training you wish to pursue. While some certificates may be obtained for as little as $3,000, a degree from a college can run up to $15,000.
Most are familiar with the fact that many colleges are offering courses online. However, when it comes to welding, it can be difficult to fathom how it can be taught using a computer. Believe it or not, it can be done. If a busy schedule makes it difficult for you to pursue a degree in welding, there are a number of classes you can take at your convenience to get the ball rolling. Just some of the options include:
Introductory wedling materials
Welding bluerpint reading
Welded structure fitness
Welding symbols
Salary and Job Prospects
Those pursuing a career in welding will be happy to hear that a high salary can be attained. While the average welder makes around $22 per hour, experienced welders can make anywhere from $50,000 to $70,000 per year. Best of all, job security is high as there is expected to be an increase in job availability of six percent over the course of the next ten years. Among the positions in high demands include:
Solderers
Maintaining Certification/License & Renewal
Depending on the job you eventually take, it may be necessary to keep up with certification and license renewals. For example, welding inspectors are required by the AWS to renew your certification every three years, and this entails:
80 hours of continuing education
Obtain endorsements
Pass an examination
Nearby States
A Career You'll Enjoy
If you pride yourself on your close attention to detail and good hand-eye coordination, a career in welding is one that can prove highly satisfying. Average salaries are around $40,000, and you'll have various opportunities to take your journey to the next level as chances for advancement present themselves along the way. BY enrolling in classes now, you take the first step toward a new and exciting future in a career field you'll enjoy.
More Welding Schools Guide in Louisiana
Acadian Campus - Baton Rouge Community College Baton Rouge (225) 359-9201 3250 N. Acadian Thruway E.
Baton Rouge, LA 70805 http://www.mybrcc.edu/map/acadian.php
Northwest Louisiana Technical College Minden (318) 371-3035 9500 Industrial Drive
Minden, LA 71058 http://www.nwltc.edu/
Acadiana Technical College - Lafayette Lafayette (337) 262-5962 1101 Bertrand Dr
Lafayette, Louisiana 70506-4909 http://www.collegeview.com/
Northshore Technical Community College - Sullivan Bogalusa (985) 732-6640 7067 Highway 10, Greensburg, LA 70441 http://northshorecollege.edu/
South Central Louisiana Technical College - Young Memorial Campus Morgan City (985) 380-2436 900 Youngs Rd, Morgan City, LA 70380 http://www.scl.edu/
Louisiana Technical College - Alexandria Campus Alexandria 318-487-5439 4311 S MacArthur Dr, Alexandria, LA 71302 http://www.cltcc.edu/
River Parishes Community College Sorrento 225-743-8500 925 W Edenborne Pkwy, Gonzales, LA 70737 http://www.rpcc.edu/
L E Fletcher Technical Community College Houma (985) 857-3655 1407 Highway 311 Schriever LA 70395 http://www.fletcher.edu/
Sowela Technical Community College Lake Charles 337-421-6565 3820 Sen J Bennett Johnston Ave, Lake Charles https://www.sowela.edu/
Nunez Community College Chalmette 504-278-6467 3710 Paris Road, Chalmette, LA 70043 http://www.nunez.edu/
Delgado Community College New Orleans (504) 671-5000 615 City Park Avenue
New Orleans, LA 70119 http://www.dcc.edu/
South Louisiana Community College Lafayette 337-521-9000 1101 Bertrand Dr, Lafayette, LA 70506
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Bollywood actress and Arsenal fan Esha Gupta has been slammed by fans for sharing racist remarks aimed at winger Alex Iwobi.
"Didn't change from Neanderthal to man."
Bollywood star Esha Gupta has been blasted by fans online after she shared racist remarks on Instagram which were aimed at Arsenal player Alex Iwobi.
The actress and 'die-hard' Arsenal fan shared a screenshot of a Whatsapp conversation between herself and another person in which they described Iwobi as a 'gorilla'.
The image was seen following the Gunners' FA Cup defeat to Manchester United on Friday, January 25, 2019. Gupta shared the Instagram story to her 3.4 million followers.
However, after realising her mistake, she deleted the image but it had already been screenshotted by fans.
Therefore, acknowledging the racism in the conversation and not even denouncing it.
To which there was no comment from Esha according to the screen shot.
This led to furious Arsenal fans venting their anger at the actress for the racist comments.
After receiving backlash for the cruel comments towards the Arsenal winger, Esha issued an apology and insisted there was no racial intention behind it.
She wrote: "Guys I'm sorry you thought it was racist. Was bad on my part, being a sports lover. Wallah never meant it. Sorry guys forgive the stupidity.
Her apology was met with backlash as fans called her out for not realising the racial slur.
One Twitter user wrote: "Your response is embarrassing! You state on one hand you've suffered racism yet on the other have no idea that you've made a racial slur!
The actress is an Arsenal ambassador and even helped launch their away kit in 2017. However, after the racist post, fans are demanding the club to sack her.
Esha has regularly been spotted at the Emirates Stadium during games and previously dated Arsenal defender Hector Bellerin in 2016.
It is not clear who Esha was speaking to when the comments were made, but she has not issued an apology directly to Alex Iwobi nor has the club issued a statement about her position as an ambassador.
The result is a breathtaking bridal look that will set the trend for years to come.


In the middle of Starkville, behind a tailored home with shaded drive and weaving sidewalk, sits an old sharecropper shack. Not exactly what you would expect to find all the way over in a hill country city. But the shack, with its thin front porch and short, stone chimney, is an honest-to-goodness Delta hut.
As out of place as it seems, though, the one-room, wooden house is right where it needs to be.
The old shack is a museum of sorts; a tribute, if you will, to the history and change in the region's farming industry and to one of the giants of men in the southeastern, even global, cotton scene.
It's filled with old farming tools and out-of-use crop chemicals. And above the mantel sits a portrait of a man standing in a field of gloriously white cotton.
"In the world of cotton, he was a rock star," wrote Hembree Brandon, a long-time colleague of the late George Mullendore.
Mullendore was a cotton specialist with the Mississippi Cooperative Extension Service from 1963 to 1989, working as a middleman between the researchers at the Extension and the farmers. Whatever new species or chemicals were coming out, it was his job to let the farmers know what they were and which ones were the best.
Over time, his vast knowledge and special charisma gained him a following among farmers and earned him international recognition.
There wasn't a cotton-growing region in the world that Mullendore hadn't visited, Brandon wrote. And whether it was Arkansas or Africa, talking one-on-one or to a group of a thousand, Mullendore was passionate about cotton.
And it was that passion and personality that made him so good at what he did, said Mike Mullendore, George Mullendore's son.
In 1992, George was named the program coordinator for the Mississippi Boll Weevil Management Corporation. The weevil had plagued farmers throughout the country for years, and a new eradication program was being implemented in different states. But before the program could be started in a state, the farmers had to vote for its approval.
That's where George came in, Mullendore said. He had the relationships and expertise needed to get the word out to the farmers and convince them that this program would be beneficial for the state. The program passed in 1994, and for the past five years, Mississippi has been boll weevil free.
The biggest accomplishment of his career, though, Mullendore said, would be his work in educating farmers about how to better deal with the plant bug. When George managed to convince growers that if they started spraying for the plant bug earlier in the season it would save money, it ended up saving them $9 billion.
The hut, although small, is chock full of books, papers, knick-knacks and pictures. Mrs. Mullendore points out various items that commemorate the history of cotton and farming and the legacy of George, who passed away in November of last year.
An old cotton scale hangs over an antique plantation desk, while photos and paintings of cotton harvesters hang near the fireplace. A rusted can of "50% wettable DDT" from the bygone days of farming sits on the bookshelf. And a pocket magnifying glass is tucked beside some books.
George always kept one of these with him when he visited cotton fields, Mrs. Mullendore said. It helped him inspect the plants.
Monday through Friday, George spent his time out on the farms, riding the single and double-lane roads talking with farmers. After criss-crossing the farms for years, George decided he wanted to bring a piece of them back to his own home.
He put the word out that if anyone wanted to get rid of an old sharecropper shack, he would take it, Mrs. Mullendore said. It wasn't long before someone offered him five shacks and an old shop. George and his son disassembled the buildings in Washington County and used the wood to rebuild a shack in the back yard.
It became his office and hangout. He read countless articles and journals at his desk. And on countless nights, he and some Extension colleagues would retreat to the shack after meetings for a game of spades and "milk and cookies," Mrs. Mullendore said with a grin.
The shack was a giant memento of the job he loved, filled with souvenirs from the industry's history and the places it took him. Even though George has passed, Mrs. Mullendore plans to stay in the house and keep the shack.
For the rest of the family, not just George, it is still a good memento.


text:
Philips Hue Iris Table Lamp Review (2020) - Back, Brighter
By Chris Davies/Oct. 23, 2020 11:29 am EST
EDITORS' RATING : 9 / 10
Brighter and more color-rich than original Iris
Easy to setup with or without bridge
Google Assistant and Amazon Alexa support
Cord is fixed to lamp
Materials look better than they feel
Need a bridge for the more advanced features
What's old is new again, and the Philips Hue Iris table lamp returns with a welcome 2020 upgrade. Brighter, more flexible, and more competitively priced, the new Iris taps all of the features Signify has added to the Hue platform in the six years since the original table lamp launched, now with a $99.99 price tag.
Like before, the Iris looks a little like a futuristic jelly-fish, its transparent body reminiscent of some cyborg deep-sea creature. More important, though, is the fact that the diffuser is now translucent at the back, inside the clear housing. That means you not only get a flood of color from the front, but a matching backlight wash too.
For the money, I'd have preferred the Iris' plastics to feel a little nicer to the touch. The white ring in particular comes across as a little cheap, and the whole thing is very light. You don't notice any of that from an arm's distance, however.
Another 2020 change is the cord. Previously a nondescript plastic, it's now fabric-wrapped; that leaves it looking nicer, and should hopefully make it more durable too. If the worst happens and you do damage it, mind, you're in trouble: the cord is fixed to the lamp and plugs into the power adapter, rather than the other way around.
The biggest difference for 2020 is performance. With 570 lumens to play with, it'll crank up more than twice as bright as the old Iris, which topped out at 210 lumens. Colors are more saturated, too. At the other extreme, you can dim it further than the old lamp would go as well, under 1-percent brightness in fact.
It's all controlled through the Hue app, available for iOS and Android. Setup was complete in under two minutes, involving going into the settings of the app and waiting a moment for it to find the newly-plugged in Iris. After that, I could assign it to a room, and then either control it in tandem with the other bulbs and lamps in that room, or individually.
The app is straightforward, with a color wheel around which you can drag an Iris icon, and a brightness slider at the top. If you have a Philips Hue bridge it can pair with that, as I did; or, you can link it directly via Bluetooth to a phone. That's even simpler, though it does offer a more limited array of options. Without the bridge, for example, you can't activate the "Wake up" and "Go to sleep" routines, where the lamp mimics the rising and setting sun.
Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant support is all present and correct, and you can link your Hue account with IFTTT for broader routines, and with Apple HomeKit if you have a bridge. The Hue app also has light recipes which claim to help you focus, get energized, or wind down.
Iris is still intended to be an accent lamp, rather than task lighting: think flooding a wall with color, rather than replacing an overhead light. All the same, the brighter LEDs meant it can hold its own as a reading lamp if required. While the old Iris performed best in a darker room, the 2020 model makes a bigger difference even in daylight.
Philips Hue Iris Table Lamp Verdict (2020)
The old Iris wouldn't have been my choice for a first introduction to Hue, but this 2020 version changes that. The ability to get up and running without needing the Bridge – which you can optionally add in later on – makes it a much easier sell, while the $99.99 price tag is comparable to regular "design" lamps.
With the brighter, richer LEDs, meanwhile, the end result is more impressive, not to mention more usable. You may not want to throw away all your other bulbs, but Iris definitely feels more like a usable lamp rather than a glowing objet d'art. As winter draws near, it's a little splash of color that I'm increasingly glad of.


text:
GramSorter::GramSorter(int order, int grams)
  : m_sorted(true)
{
  reset(order, grams);
}

void
GramSorter::reset(int order, int grams)
{
  m_order = order;
  m_sorted = true;

  m_grams.clear();
  m_data.clear();
  m_indices.clear();

  if (grams > 0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "GramSorter: reserving %d grams for order %d...",
	    grams, order);
    m_grams.reserve(grams * order);
    m_data.reserve(grams);
    m_indices.reserve(grams);
  }

  fprintf(stderr, "done\n");
}

// static void
// pg(const GramSorter::Gram *gram)
// {
//   for (int i = 0; i < gram->size(); i++)
//     printf("%d ", (*gram)[i]);
//   printf("\n");
// }

void
GramSorter::add_gram(const Gram &gram, float log_prob, float back_off)
{
  // Check the length of the gram
  if (gram.size() != m_order) {
    fprintf(stderr, "GramSorter: got %zd-gram while expecting %d-grams\n",
	    gram.size(), m_order);
    exit(1);
  }

  // Add gram to the node vector.
  assert(gram.size() == m_order);
  m_indices.push_back(m_indices.size());
  for (int i = 0; i < gram.size(); i++)
    m_grams.push_back(gram[i]);

  m_data.push_back(Data());
  m_data.back().log_prob = log_prob;
  m_data.back().back_off = back_off;
  assert(m_indices.size() * m_order == m_grams.size());

  // Check if the grams have been inserted in sorted order so far.
  if (m_indices.size() > 1 && m_sorted) {
    int i1 = (m_indices.size() - 2) * m_order;
    int i2 = (m_indices.size() - 1) * m_order;
    if (lessthan(&m_grams[i2], &m_grams[i1], m_order)) {
      fprintf(stderr, "GramSorter: %d-grams not sorted, sorting soon\n",
	      m_order);
      m_sorted = false;
    }
  }
}

void
GramSorter::sort()
{
  if (!m_sorted) {
    fprintf(stderr, "GramSorter: sorting %d-grams now\n", m_order);
    std::sort(m_indices.begin(), m_indices.end(), Sorter(m_grams, m_order));
    fprintf(stderr, "GramSorter: sorted %d-grams\n", m_order);
  }
  else
    fprintf(stderr, "GramSorter: %d-grams were sorted already\n", m_order);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


On behalf of Dixon & Daley, LLP posted in Workers' Compensation on Thursday, August 8, 2013.
Apple store workers in California and New York could be seeing payment of some lost wages not paid by the company if two former employees have their way. A class action lawsuit has been filed in federal court alleging that Apple's policy to deny payment for time spent waiting in security lines has denied them wages that they rightly deserve.
The named plaintiffs on the lawsuit are two former workers at Apple stores, one from Los Angeles and the other from New York. The two plaintiffs are seeking to represent other Apple store workers from the two states who have not been paid during the time spent in security screening lines. Employees are required to stand in these lines in order to have their bags searched prior to going on lunch breaks and before leaving work for the day.
The two employees allege that they are owed as much as $1,500 in lost wages for every year that they worked at the Apple store. The time that the required screenings took could be as long as 10 to 15 minutes, according to the complaint filed in San Francisco federal court. If the lawsuit is successful, New York employees could be eligible for six years of back wages, and California employees could be able to recover four years' worth. So far, there has been no comment on the lawsuit by Apple.
The process for receiving compensation for lost wages and injuries on the job can be difficult to handle. An experienced and competent workers' compensation attorney may be able to help navigate the process and lend their expertise in evaluating the amount of financial compensation that is deserved.


For two decades, my laboratory has been developing tools to help understanding the cell biology of signaling networks. Our techniques permit the visualization as well as the non-invasive manipulation of intact cells. Since several years, one focus of our work is to understand how growth factor signaling, for instance by epidermal growth factor(EGF), is partially mediated and ultimately terminated by receptor internalization. In 2014, we published the finding that elevated levels of the signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) comprised a sufficient signal to induce EGF receptor (EGFR) internalization. Interestingly, this internalization in the absence of tyrosine phosphorylation and ubiquitination leads to full recycling of the receptor. We speculate that such a scenario is relevant in cells that require ongoing growth factor signaling such as the growth cone of an axon but also late stage cancer cells where mutations in a PIP3-modulating enzyme such as PTEN lead to increased signaling and proliferation.
Our move to Portland brings us close to a vibrant scientific community interested in cancer research. Therefore, we would like to continue our studies on EGFR internalization and find out what lipids and proteins are involved in mediating the PIP3 signal to the endocytic machinery and what molecular epitope of the EGFR is recognized to make EGFR a cargo.
Dittrich, A. S., Kuehbandner, I., Gehrig, S., Rickert-Zacharias, V., Twigg, M., Wege, S., Taggert, C., Herth, F., Schultz, C., Mall, M. Elastase activity on sputum neutrophils correlates with severity of lung disease in cystic fibrosis. Eur. Resp. J. 29, pii 1701910 (2018).
Kath, C., Mueller, R., Schultz, C., Haucke, V., Eickholt, B., Schmoranzer, J. PTEN suppresses axon outgrowth by down-regulating the level of detyrosinated microtubules. PLoS One 13, e0193257 (2018).
Hauke, S., Keutler, K., Yushchenko, D., Schultz, C. Endogenous Fatty Acids are Essential Autocrine Signaling Factors of Pancreatic β-Cells and Insulin Secretion. Diabetes 67, (2018).
Hoffmann, J.-E., Dziuba, D., Stein, F., Schultz, C. A bifunctional noncanonical amino acid: synthesis, expression and residue-specific proteome-wide incorporation. Biochemistry (2018).
Kirby, I. T., Kojic, A., Arnold, M. R., Thorsell, A.-G., Karlberg, T., Vermehren-Schmaedick, A., Sreenivasan, R., Schultz, C., Schüler, H., Cohen M. S. A potent and selective PARP11 inhibitor suggests coupling between cellular localization and catalytic activity. Cell Chem. Biol. (2018).
Yu, X., Akbarzadeh, R., Pieper, M., Scholzen, T., Gehrig, S., Schultz, C., Zillikens, D., König, P., Petersen, F. Neutrophil adhesion is a prerequisite for antibody-mediated proteolytic tissue damage in experimental models of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. J. Invest. Dermatol. (2018).
Marat, A., Wallroth, A., Lo, W.-T., Mueller, R., Norata, G. D., Falasca, M., Schultz, C., Haucke, V. "Phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate represses nutrient signaling by mTORC1" Science 356, 968-972 (2017).
Frank,, J. A., Yushchenko, D. A., Fine, N. H. F., Duca, M., Citir, M., Broichhagen, J., Hodson, D. J., Schultz, C., Trauner, D. Optical control of GPR40 signalling in pancreatic ß-cells. Chem. Sci. 8, 7604-7610 (2017).


text:
Application of Silica Nanoparticles in the Determination of Herbicides in Environmental Water Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy
[ Vol. 16 , Issue. 5 ]
Mir Waqas Alam*, Tentu Nageswara Rao, Yarasani Prashanthi, Vourse Sridhar, Adil Alshoaibi, Basma Souayeh, Hatem Abuhimd and Faheem Ahmed* Pages 748 - 756 ( 9 )

Background: Herbicides are very beneficial in the crop yield with the aid of controlling weeds within the agriculture, but several herbicides are chronic in soil.

 Objective: In this study, nanoparticles and the packages of synthesized novel silica nanoparticles were studied for the preconcentration of herbicides.

 Methods: These nanoparticles prepared by the Stöber mechanism were purified and functionalized. Nanoparticles thus prepared successfully were used as supporting material for the preconcentration of residues of herbicides in the water.

 Results: Preconcentration was achieved by preparing the silica-based solid-phase-extraction cartridges. Nanoparticles used for this purpose were within the range of 50-250 nm. An SPE cartridge was prepared by packing 200 mg of silica nanoparticle in the empty cartridge of diameter 5.5 cm and length 0.6 cm in between PTFE frits. Aqueous solutions of 0.1 μg/ml of herbicides were prepared separately, and 10 ml of the solution was passed through the cartridge at the rate of 0.2 ml/min. After passing 10 ml volume of the aqueous solution, residues adsorbed on the cartridge were eluted using 2 ml of acetonitrile. The eluate was injected to determine the herbicide residue adsorbed on the SPE cartridge.

 Conclusion: In the study, it was found that greater than 90% of the herbicide residues were trapped on silica nanoparticle-based SPE cartridge. An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of these herbicides. The residues were quantified by LC-MS/MS with ESI mode.

Silica nanoparticles, herbicides, LC-MS/MS, solid-phase extraction, liquid chromatography, nanomaterials.
Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O Box 400, Hofuf, Al-Hassa 31982, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51140, Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi University, Nalgonda, Telangana State, Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi University, Nalgonda, Telangana State, Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O Box 400, Hofuf, Al-Hassa 31982, Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O Box 400, Hofuf, Al-Hassa 31982, National Center for Nanotechnology and Semiconductor, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology P.O. Box 6086 Riyadh 11442, Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O Box 400, Hofuf, Al-Hassa 31982
Graphical Abstract:
All Rights Reserved by Bentham Science Publishers.


With any new language comes a certain amount of uncertainty as to what is "the right way" to do things. Now I'm not just talking about recursion vs iteration or object-oriented vs straight procedural. What I'm referring to is the design idioms which govern everything from naming conventions to array deconstruction.
All of these samples perform essentially the same task: traverse an array of strings and print each value to stdout. Of course, the C++ example is actually using a vector rather than an array due to the evil nature of C/C++ arrays, but it comes to the same thing. Passing over the differences in syntax between these four languages, what really stands out are the different ways in which the task is performed. C++ and Java are both using iterators, while Ruby and Scala are making use of higher order functions. Ruby and C++ both use lowercase variables separated by underscores, while Java and Scala share the camelCase convention.
This code uses standard, accepted idioms for class design in each of the three languages. Notice how in C++ we avoid name-clashes between method formals and data members? This is because the compiler tends to get a little confused if we try to combine name shadowing and the initialization syntax (the bit that follows the : in the constructor). This contrasts strongly with Java which by convention encourages shadowing of fields by method formals. It's a very strong convention to do what I've done here, using this.fieldName to disambiguate between formals and fields. Ruby stands apart from both of these languages by enforcing the use of prefix symbols on variable names to define the container. There really can't be any shadowing of instance variables by formals since all instance variables must be prefixed with the @ symbol.
@author = author unless author.nil?
That's right, infinite recursion. Usually this issue isn't apparent because the compiler error will take precedence over the runtime design flaw, but it's still something which merits notice. Obviously, using the same names for variables as we do for methods and their formals just isn't going to work here. It may be the convention in Java, but we'll have to devise something new for Scala.
The Scala community really needs to get together on this and other issues related to conventional design idioms. I see a lot of code that's written in Java, but with C or C++ idioms. This sort of thing is rare nowadays, but was quite common in the early days of the language. People weren't sure what worked best in Java, so they tried to apply old techniques to the new syntax, often with disastrously unreadable results. As Scala moves into the mainstream, we have to come to some sort of consensus as to what our code should look like and what conventions apply. If we don't, then the language will be forced to struggle through many of the same problems which plagued Java only a decade ago: new developers trying to get a handle on this foreign language, misapplying familiar constructs along the way.
Using null in Scala code is not idiomatic at all; its use is only appropriate in places where you interact with Java-code (and maybe in constructors). So don't do null checking at all.
If the client is sure there's a set author, he can just "book.author.get" but it's not good style either in my opinion.
Very good point. Personally, I don't like the _ prefix, but I'm not sure what I would like instead of it. Maybe _ as a suffix. There was a discussion on the mailing list, don't remember what the conclusion was (or if there was any).
You're correct that null is highly discouraged in Scala. The main reason I used it is I was trying to show the equivalent Scala code to all of the above samples. In C++, Java and in Ruby, the language-specific equivalent of NULL is the default value for the author field. I didn't want to take the time to explain why Option rather than null.
With that said, you're absolutely right that any definition of Scala idioms should loudly reiterate the evils of null.
* if it's strictly for private vars, it's not so much of a problem: it's not visible to clients (if they don't have source) and not meant to be accessed anywhere else except the setter/getter (bar special cases).
* $name would perhaps look nicer, but $ is used for lots of compiler-generated stuff so perhaps not a good idea.
then there is no naming issue.
If I don't use an Option, I personally like trailing underscores.
Trailing underscores are fine, but I have some serious misgivings about the type suffix you illustrate above. I think it's a really bad habit to get into, suffixing variable names with an abbreviated type. I've certainly been guilty of it more than a few times myself, but each time it has ended in pain (either with super-verbose names, or with multiple variables with almost identical names and purposes). Either way you slice it, naming with type suffixes makes code far less readable.
Not all that familar with the language yet, but what about a pattern matching solution so there is only one public author function?
Hmm, I'm not sure what you mean by that. Unless you're throwing around mutable containers left and right, you need at least two public "author methods", one accessor and one mutator. Even then, you still have to have some sort of object state variable, so the problem hasn't really gone away.
Your code works, but I'm not sure why you would want to do things this way. For one thing, you've lost type checking on the author formals. This isn't necessarily the case of course, you could rewrite your code to be type-safe. What may be a more serious issue is that we've actually changed the public class signature. Thus a class with your method would have a different signature from one with a public variable `author`.
Daniel, I hope your post gets the attention of Odersky, Spoon, and Venners. Languages tend to adopt the convention followed in the most popular (often first) book written on it.
The %* syntax was actually considered for deprecation in 1.9, so I'm not sure it can be considered to be "more idiomatic". You're write about the one-line Proc though. I thought about using it, but I've always though that "brace blocks" are less readable than then do/end syntax and I didn't feel like trying to explain Ruby syntax elements in a post about Scala.
Well, but that would highlight the topic much more, as mostly idioms result from specific syntax features available in different languages. That is exactly what makes learning a new language so hard, when trying to avoid writing your "old language" only in another syntax.
So both examples of Ruby are useful to show the point.
Well, this article may be the first step of a long series, as in my opinion the 'uncertainty what is "the right way" ' reg. Scala indeed involves the bigger part, especially as it is based on Java.
Thanks, Daniel, for this very thorough discussion! Having seen too much Java written with a C accent, I'm very interested in what a native Scala accent would look like, and how that would affect one's approach to a programming task. I've been using the Project Euler problems as a way of exploring Scala, and found one of them a nice motivation for Scala's hybrid nature (http://joelneely.wordpress.com/2008/04/24/a-composite-function/).
I agree with the goal in your concluding paragraph, but wonder how much history/experience a language community needs before starting to converge on "best practice" style and idiom conventions. (I recall criticisms of new-born Ada, asserting that the designers had attempted to standardize areas which were not sufficiently well-understood.) Finally, I wonder whether multiple styles may emerge in the use of a hybrid language, a Java-like style in code that's primarily OO, along with a Haskell-like style in code that's primarily FP. It's going to be interesting to watch this develop!
Definitely +1 the use of Option over nullable values. The mutable field (author) is a bit unidiomatic however, especially for a case class. It's pretty good though.
I think that the more significant issue to resolve in Scala design idioms is how to deal with name classes, particularly in fields and methods. There was some discussion about this above, leading vs trailing underscores, suffixes, etc.
I think it is really important to develop conventions and standards, especially for new languages such as Scala, and the designers could do well to share their own conventions used for their libraries.
That all said, I ended up here looking for a way of Null checking in scala, and the comments did give the clear answer, don't use null, use Option[...] instead; makes sense.
As far as i understand '!=' is actually a function so I would expect that when author is null there to be a NullPointerException thrown attempting to evaluate a member ('!=') of null.
Or dose scala treat null as a real object, supporting all the standard functions?
Hi, I realize this is a very old post but I came across Scala a little late and would like to have my naming conventions figured out. In C# I use CamelCase for accesors I wonder if same can be done in Scala.
I use suffix P to distinguish parameters from fields so I can avoid using "this". Any thoughts?


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Lo SSG 69 (Scharfschützengewehr 69) è un fucile di precisione a otturatore girevole-scorrevole prodotto dalla Steyr Mannlicher. È utilizzato come fucile di precisione standard per l'Esercito austriaco, che lo ha adottato nel 1969 (da cui la denominazione).

Esistono diverse varianti di questo fucile; il modello più importante è il SSG-PIV che monta una canna da 409 mm per gestire la torsione delle munizioni subsoniche.

Paesi utilizzatori
 Austria
 Islanda
 Irlanda
 Paesi Bassi
 Libano
 Nigeria
 Pakistan
 Singapore
 Corea del Sud
 Germania

Lo Steyr SSG 69 nella cultura di massa
In ambito videoludico, lo Steyr SSG 69 compare nel videogioco Point Blank e nel videogioco Max Payne 2: The Fall of Max Payne.

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Fucili di precisione

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Help us finish strong December 31st.
Our first filing for our campaign is only days away and not only do we need to have a strong financial showing, but we have to show others the grassroots force and momentum you all have shown me.
Paid for by Raquel Terán for Arizona House of Representatives. Authorized by Raquel Terán.


THE DIRTY ARMY: Nik, Jeremy Yee is a bisexual drunk who keeps stalking my sister. He met her on Tinder and after they went out a few times he refused to use a condom, she refused to hook up with him and he keeps stalking her on social media and calls her from his friends phones. He goes to ASU in Tempe. She contacted Tempe police and they said there is nothing they can do.
Apparently he is bisexual and is a member of some gay rights group on campus. He works at a branch on Scottsdale Library and lives with his parents in that city. If you see this dude whether you are straight or gay stay away because he is crazy.
These accusations are not true and it is sad you took the time to slander a person whom you have no information on. He is not bisexual nor does he stoop to stalk anyone. He is a leader in his school network and community with his church and close friends who can vouch for his character. Get a life and leave good people alone.
Jeremy needs to become asexual. Then he won't need them.
If it were my sister I would just teach this dude a lesson. Crazy? This dude looks like he weighs 83 Lbs. What is he going to do…try and kiss me? He just needs to be taught an old school lesson.


I've got 30000 miles on my truck and heard a thumping. Rotated the tires...thought it was tire wear...now its thumping worse than ever. Do you think the tires are out of balance? Its the worst around 15-35mph.
is it comming from the front or the rear?
is it in 4wd? only 15-30mph?
its in 2wd. now it seems like its the worst around 30mph just cruising along. when I get around 65 or so, it kinda goes away. I did notice that on the right front axle there seems to be some grease coming out and spraying down the frame. I'm not a mechanic but I know something is wrong. I'm bringing it to Ford today. I'll let you know what they say. Thanks for the input!
sounds liek a seal or CV, good luck.
Oh yeah, and they said I need a new drive shaft. what the hell is that? they said the drive shaft slips/bends a little when I slowly accelerate. They greased the yolks at one point and that didnt work. Has anyone else had this problem? Its annoying.


Previous: It is amazing what you can see from one drop of blood!
Yoga is my medicine. I have been able to manage stress and anxiety with regular practice and correct breathing. Yoga is part of my daily life,it is nourishing for me. I love what it brings to my mind and body. If you are stressed, need to unwind, or a battling anxiety, I suggest you do this posture daily, it is so beneficial. Take a few moments to relax, unwind and de-stress with this simple technique.
Tips-This is a variati0n of child pose. It is important to vary this posture to what feels most comfortable for your body, this will enable you to relax and gain the most benefit. To help with stress and anxiety do this posture 1-2 x per day for a few minutes.
Place knees wide for a nice inner thigh stretch like in the picture, or you can place knees close together.
Arms can be stretched out in front of you like in picture, this enables you to transition into cobra or upward facing dog from tis pose if you are doing a routine at home, or you can bend elbows and rest head on your hands while holding tis pose.
Close your eyes, settle into pose, breathe gently through your nose, listen to the sound of your breathing, it will help to soothe and calm the mind.


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DANIELLE SUSPECT'S GANG LIFE
ONE of the two men accused of murdering 14-year-old Danielle Beccan yesterday took off his shirt in court to reveal his gang markings.
Junior Andrews, 24, who denies being in a car driven by friend Mark Kelly from which the schoolgirl as shot, showed Birmingham crown court a tattoo which read "Thug Life".
He explained: "It means hard time, hard life. I've had a hard time, hard life."
Among his tattoos he has "NG2" on his neck - the postcode of The Meadows area of Nottingham.
He has a gun, bullet and "WFG" - the Waterfront Gang - on his arm which he had done when he was 16. He said: "Two of my best friends have got it."
He said people from St Ann's, where Danielle lived, had attacked two of his friends, but he added: "I don't hate everybody from St Ann's."
Quizzed about violent lyrics he was videoed rapping he said: "Everyone knows there's gang warfare... in Nottingham and we're just reflecting it."


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Totgeglaubte leben länger (Cross Bones) ist der achte Kriminalroman der US-amerikanischen Autorin Kathy Reichs. Veröffentlicht wurde er 2005 durch den Scribner-Verlag, die deutsche Übersetzung von  Klaus Berr brachte der Karl Blessing Verlag ebenfalls 2005 heraus.

Inhalt
Die Leiche eines jüdischen Geschäftsmannes beschert der forensischen Anthropologin Dr. Temperance "Tempe" Brennan Überstunden im Labor. Die Schusswunde am Kopf deutet auf Selbstmord hin, doch die Gerichtsmedizinerin kann ein Verbrechen nicht ausschließen. Ihre Untersuchungen nehmen eine unerwartete Wendung, als ein Fremder ihr das Foto eines uralten Skeletts aus Israel übergibt und beteuert, es sei der Schlüssel zum Tod des streng religiösen Mannes. So stößt Tempe auf ein vermeintlich abgründiges Geheimnis, das älter ist als die Bibel. Es könnte die Grundpfeiler der jüdischen und christlichen Glaubensgeschichte erschüttern.

Wissenswertes
 In diesem Roman beschreibt Kathy Reichs die Altersbestimmung von Knochen und Materialien durch die C-14-Methode.
 Ihr Protagonist Jake Drum ist nach Reichs Kollegen und Bekanntem James Tabor modelliert. Im Nachwort, in dem Reichs auf die Fakten hinter dem Roman eingeht, nimmt sie auf ihn Bezug und empfiehlt sein Buch Die Jesus-Dynastie. Im Roman wie im Nachwort bezieht sie sich auf die Existenz eines Grabs Jesu (Talpiot-Grab und Jakobus-Ossuar) als eine Möglichkeit, die von den Protagonisten weder bestätigt noch widerlegt werden kann und letztlich eine Frage des persönlichen Glaubens bleibt.
 Der Roman baut auf jüdischen und frühchristlichen Ereignissen auf, wie z. B. dem Kampf um Massada.

Literatur
 Kathy Reichs: Totgeglaubte leben länger. Karl Blessing Verlag, 2005, ISBN 978-3896672889

Literarisches Werk
Literatur (21. Jahrhundert)
Literatur (Englisch)
Literatur (Vereinigte Staaten)
Kriminalliteratur
Werk von Kathy Reichs


Products to help you achieve good health and balance, from dvds on the vigorous practices of karate, aikido and other martial arts, to guides on the gentler forms of yoga, tai chi and qigong. We've also included some plain fun fitness like belly dancing and the the latest hot fitness craze of bhangra workouts. Health aids like ginseng and books on macrobiotics are included.


Do you speak KJV? Take the quiz!
These first three videos mirror blog posts I've written on God Didn't Say That (here, here, and here).
Teaching in London and Amsterdam Life and a Little Liturgy: Rabbi Lawrence A. Hoffman, PhD, has a blog!


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Egyptian. Inner Cartonnage of Gautseshenu, ca. 700–650 B.C.E. Linen, plaster, paint, 651/4 x 161/2 x 111/2 in. (165.7 x 41.9 x 29.2 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Charles Edwin Wilbour Fund, 34.1223
Contact us at exhibitions@brooklynmuseum.org if you are interested in bringing this exhibition, or others, to your institution.
Egyptian Treasures from the Brooklyn Museum
This exhibition is drawn from our renowned Egyptian collection. Through nearly 230 objects, some never before displayed publicly, it illustrates Egyptian strategies for conquering death.
Life after death for both people and animals was a primary cultural belief through thousands of years of Egyptian civilization. The ancient Egyptians regarded death as an enemy that could be defeated through luck and proper preparation. Egyptian Treasures from the Brooklyn Museum tells the story of mummification, the funeral procession and rituals, the contents of the tomb, the final judgment, and the idealized afterlife. It includes funeral equipment such as coffins, vessels, jewelry, and amulets for the rich, middle class, and poor, inviting comparison among the quality and materials that were accessible based on socio-economic status.
The exhibition continues with works that portray the role of animals in the next life, investigating the mummification of birds, cats, dogs, snakes, and crocodiles, among other animals, a fascinating aspect of ancient Egyptian culture and religion that served a number of roles. The most beloved pets were mummified and buried next to their owners, while embalmed animal parts were at times placed in the tomb as food for the spirit. Others functioned as objects of veneration, representing gods on earth. The great majority of preserved animal mummies, however, were messengers to the gods made during the last 1,000 years of ancient Egyptian history. Using the results of scientific tests, the exhibition explores the lives of these animals, as well as the methods used to create their mummies. In addition to scientific analysis of the mummification process, it illuminates the religious implications of animal mummies and the variety of exquisitely crafted containers made to house them.
Egyptian Treasures from the Brooklyn Museum is organized by the National Museum of Korea and the Ulsan Museum.
Tour Schedule with Dates
Ulsan Museum, Korea
May 1–August 27, 2017
National Museum of Korea, Seoul
December 20, 2016–April 9, 2017
The Brooklyn Museum stands on land that is part of the unceded, ancestral homeland of the Lenape (Delaware) people.
About Collection Contact Us Press FAQ Copyright


At Case IH, we know how important maximizing time and getting the most out of every seed is to our customers. That is why we focus on Agronomic Design and improving the soil-seed-plant environment.
Case IH will be unveiling a new Agronomic Design Insights video series addressing key agronomic needs. The first focuses on planters, and we'll feature it in the next Be Ready blog post. Stay tuned!
You'll find equipment innovations in agronomic design exist throughout the entire Case IH product line. How does agronomically designed equipment help you get the job done? What are your biggest agronomic challenges?
Looks like a great idea. Inspiring video, I will be watching to see if your trained techs are up to the challenge. So far, I have been impressed at times and disappointed at times.


Academy Aikido Jyuku celebrated its 30thAnniversary in commemoration of Yamada Jun Shihan's three decades of Aikido life in Malaysia. The 30th Anniversary Celebration was held with seminars and demonstrations in Kuala Lumpur, Kuching and Penang from 21st to 25th of September 2001. Ueshiba Moriteru Doshu and his wife, Mrs. Ueshiba Kyoko attended the celebration as the guests of honor. They were accompanied byMr. T. Kanazawa, Mr. H. Fujimaki and Mr. H. Sakurai from Hombu Dojo, Tokyo.
The 30th Anniversary began with Doshu's seminar at HIKMAH Multipurpose Hall in Kuching, then at the International University Malaysia and Police Training Centre(PULAPOL) in Kuala Lumpur.
A demonstration was held in Complex Belia dan Sukan Negeri Penang.
Participants from Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, United Kingdom, Japan and members of affiliated dojos of Academy Aikido Jyuku amounted to 200 people took part in the seminars.
Participants from Japan included NHK Aikido Club from Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), various local branches in Japan and good old friends from the Yamada Shihan's early days at Hombu Dojo.
The Japan-Malaysia Martial Arts Festival held at the Mid-Valley Mega Mall started off with the special introduction demonstration by Ueshiba Doshu and later followed by members from affiliated dojos of Academy Aikido Jyuku. The demonstration left the spectators with a favourable impression.
Dato Zulkifli Abdul Malek, President of Alumni Look East Policy Society (ALEPS) marvelled at Aikido movements that inspired him of a controlled yet fluent stream.
Others present at the Mega Mall Demonstration were Dato Ong Kee Keat, Minister of Youth and Sports, Ambassador Mr. Kawakami Koichi Charge de Affairs a.i. of Japan Embassy, Mr. Sugihara Masamichi of The Japan Foundation, Kuala Lumpur and Madam Ito Takako of Japan Information Service and our Honourable Chairman Y.A.B Tun Dr Abdul Ghafar Baba.
It is an honour for Yamada J. Shihan to be in Malaysia under the recognition and support from the Japanese Embassy, The Japan Foundation and Aikido World Headquarters(Hombu Dojo).
Yamada Shihan is determined to carry out his responsibilities and having the demonstration inviting Moriteru Doshu with three Shidoin of Hombu for the Japan-Malaysia Martial Arts Festival on 23rd September 2001. The Japan-Malaysia Martial Arts Festival held at the Mid Valley Mega Mall started off with the special introduction demonstration by Ueshiba Doshu and later followed by members from affiliated dojos of Academy Aikido Jyuku.
Aikido in Malaysia began in 1971, when several colleagues of Yamada Shihan together with Hombu Officials gathered at HANEDA Airport to wish him well and success in Malaysia. Since then three decades have passed and during the 30th Anniversary Celebration, such old faces are joined together again by fate also with members within Academy Aikido Jyuku and also friends who have scattered to various countries over the years.
Yamada Jun Shihan has been supervising Academy Aikido Jyuku since 1971 with blessings from the late Ueshiba Kisshomaru 2nd Doshu whose wishes are now carried on by Moriteru Doshu.
Yamada J. Shihan and Madam Kimiko are the fortunate ones, having had the experience of learning under O-Sensei, the founder, Kisshomaru Sensei, the 2nd Doshu while training at Hombu Dojo in Wakamatu-cho, Shinjuku.
I would like to express my heartfelt congratulations to the Academy Aikido Jyuku on your Thirtieth Anniversary.
I am especially pleased that this occasion is being celebrated during the Japan Festival. The Thirtieth Anniversary is a great milestone for the Academy Aikido Jyuku. The late Ueshiba Kisshomaru Doshu considered these celebrations very meaningful.
I believe that all has not been smooth sailing for you during these thirty years and that you have undoubtedly faced many difficulties. I would like to pay my deep respect to Yamada Shihan and the members who have supported him for your great efforts in overcoming these obstacles on the way to celebrating your Thirtieth Anniversary today. Please continue to step strongly forward from this important milestone towards even greater accomplishments yet to come.
Congratulatory Address of Mr. Hiroshi Somemiya.
It is my great pleasure to offer congratulations to you on your Thirtieth Anniversary. Thirty years is a long time, although it may seem quite short once time has flown by. It is hard to believe that thirty years has passed since that morning in Tokyo when I saw Yamada Shihan leave for Malaysia, entrusted by the late Ueshiba Kisshomaru Doshu with the mission to establish and spread Aikido there. At the time Aikido was not popular in Malaysia, and I feel a deep respect for the great efforts and achievements made by Yamada Shihan and the members of Academy Aikido Jyuku during these short, and yet long, thirty years.
O-Sensei used to say that Aikido is the way for everyone to develop themselves and that this daily training never ends. There is an ideal we may strive for, but because of the nature of Aikido, there is not an attainable goal. Aikido is a Budo, and although this is often translated as martial arts, I feel there is a much deeper meaning that O-Sensei intended.
Of course, art or technique is important in Aikido, and our ideal can be achieved only through daily training in these techniques. But we must keep in mind that the techniques comprise only the surface of what Aikido is, that there is much more depth to Aikido, and that it is this unseen aspect which is most important.
To seek this elusive ideal is very difficult. A Thirtieth Anniversary is undoubtedly a big milestone for Academy Aikido Jyuku. But please be aware that it is only one guidepost by the wayside. The endless path toward the ideal still stretches before you.
I do hope that you will renew your commitment to step forward from this point onward towards the many more brilliant milestones that await you.
All efforts were done in good faith and we believe our vision in the coming future will be built on a firm trustworthiness among all Malaysian Aikido practitioners.
Yamada Shihan and his family would like to express their respect and appreciation to Ueshiba Moriteru Doshu and Madam Kyoko who nevertheless squeezed us into their busy schedule as well as those who have helped in various ways to make the Academy Aikido Jyuku's Thirtieth Anniversary possible.
In conjunction with the 30th Academy Aikido Jyuku Anniversary we have moved from Kuching to Kuala Lumpur, supervised under Yamada Jun Shihan.
Known as Academy Aikido Jyuku HQ Dojo that is located at Desa Sri Hartamas has been established by Yamada J. Shihan, this dojo serves as the core of Aikido in Malaysia.
The opening ceremony was conducted by priest Mr. Hironobu Kondo in the Shinto rite.
The rite then proceeded with Hounou-Embu (dedicated demonstration) by Ueshiba Doshu and Yamada Shihan. Ueshiba Doshu conducted his demonstration with three Shidoin from Aikido World Headquarters (Hombu Dojo, Tokyo) as Uke. They were Mr. Kanazawa, Mr. Fujimaki and Mr. Sakurai. Yamada Shihan conducted his with son, Atsushi.
Invited guests were among those who participated in the Thirtieth Anniversary that includes participants from overseas and members of Academy Aikido Jyuku affiliated dojos.
Everyone present during this precious moments sat in seiza throughout to experience the divine and auspicious ceremony.
The ceremony ended with the giving of Sekihan, the traditional Japanese steamed red-rice with red beans, to each guest as a memento of gratitude of sharing happiness and blessings from the new dojo.


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QuitAlcohol.comNewsFour Bills Propose to Shut Down California's Sober Houses
Four Bills Propose to Shut Down California's Sober Houses
Created On November 30th, 2016
February of this year might have been the beginning of the end for addiction treatment facilities in the state of California. Four bills have been proposed that if passed, will effectively shut down the majority of Californian sober houses. Their wording makes it seem as if the bills are meant to provide a safer environment, but one good look and anyone can see what's really going on. The stigma against addicts continues.
The residents of three rather high-class cities, Malibu, Bel Air, and Newport, want the recovering addicts out, and the politicians who represent them have listened. If the bills become law, not only will the recovering addicts be out of those three affluent neighborhoods, they will have nowhere.
This is all rather ironic to be happening in the state that provides the nation's most addiction treatment facilities. Let's look at the four bills themselves, what they propose, and how they would affect California's population of recovering addicts. Then let's take a brief look at California's stance on addiction recovery throughout history. Finally, let's compare what would happen if these bills were made law with the deinstitutionalization of mental health facilities in America in the 1980s.
Each of the four bills proposes its own technical change, masked as a benefit for society. All together, these four bills have the power to shut down addiction treatment in the state. These bills are AB 2255, AB 2772, SB 1283, and the worst one of all, AB 2403. (AB stands for Assembly Bill). Let's see what the current law is regarding each bill, and then what they propose to change.
Currently, the State Department of Social Services provides the necessary licenses for operating an addiction recovery center. An independent facility could apply with the department and be approved.
AB 2255 proposes that each facility must "maintain an affiliation with a recognized national organization, approved by the department…" The bill also calls for a zero-tolerance policy regarding those who falter in the homes. This means that treatment centers must now be affiliated with state-approved organizations, or else shut down. This would be like you owning a restaurant and then the state telling you that you had to become a Denny's.
What's worse is that part of the fact sheet for this bill quoted the Police Chief of Costa Mesa, who apparently said that crimes went up 33% due to the high number of sober houses in the city. However, zero evidence exists to back this claim up.
Sometimes defendants must be put into drug treatment programs as a result of a judge's ruling, a probation or parole condition, or due to a violation. Currently, as long as the treatment facility is registered with the State Department of Health Care Services, defendants may enter into a facility of his or her choice.
AB 2772 proposes that "a person seeking treatment… because he or she has been ordered or required to participate" must do so at a facility both licenses by the department and "in compliance with the local laws…" If the local laws change as per the other three bills, this would mean that a defendant would be forced to seek treatment at a facility owned, operated, and maintained by the state. This just puts more control over where and how large 'legal' treatment facilities would be.
As mentioned, treatment facilities must currently obtain licenses through the state. Once legal and legitimate, the day-to-day operations are individual. However, hidden in the fine print of this bill is something that can change that fact. SB 1283 proposes that all Californian treatment facilities have a state-established operation plan. Also, the bill includes this oddly worded phrase:
"A city, county, or city and county that adopts health and safety standards and enforcement mechanisms for structured sober living homes pursuant to subdivision (a) may exclude from regulation any structured sober living home that is subject to adequate oversight by another governmental entity or contractor that meets or exceeds the requirements of this chapter.
One can only interpret this to mean that if a local area doesn't like a facility, they can cite that it has 'oversights,' and then the facility would be subject to the state's judgment. Essentially, the bill exerts even further control over treatment facilities. These three bills pale in comparison to the power of AB 2403, though. Consider these three to be nails for the coffin of Californian sober houses. AB 2403 is the hammer that drives them in.
Assembly Bill 2403: Nail in the Coffin
The potential damage of this bill can be summed up by one word: overconcentration. If made law, the bill would prohibit any two treatment centers to be within 300 feet of one another, even if owned by the same company. Because the overwhelming majority of treatment centers have more than one property on the same grounds, 'overconcentration,' as the bill calls it, would effectively shut down a gross amount of facilities in the state.
For those facilities that remain after the 'overconcentration' is fixed, AB 2403 also includes a section on 'integral facilities.' As defined by the bill, an integral facility is "any combination of 2 or more facilities located on the same or different parcels… that are under the control or management of the same entity, as specified, or which together comprise one operation or enterprise."
Say Jack's company owns and operates two different sober houses in California, hundreds of miles apart. If they are under the same management, they could be shut down. If they have the same food service, they could be shut down. Even if they share an independent consultant, they could be shut down. Currently in California, only one license is required for someone like Jack. However, this bill would make it so each facility required a license, and because of the 'integral facility' part, they would likely be denied.
These four bills all appeared the same day in February, seemingly out of nowhere. The fact that California is the state proposing them is odd. The state has a long history of being a haven where people can heal.
California: Land with Healing Powers
Extending as far back as the 1890s, California has long been known as the state of healing. Whether that's from sunshine and ocean or professional treatment, the state has proven rather helpful in the face of affliction. For example, the discovery of a cure for tuberculosis (TB), and the setting up of sanitariums in California, made the state's population increase from 11,000 to 100,000 in just two decades. Sanitariums, originally intended to house those being treated for TB and other such supposedly incurable disorders, eventually evolved into psychiatric treatment facilities. This was the birth of the mental hospital.
Over the next several decades, more and more people were entered into such facilities, hoping to be cured of innumerable diseases. By 1938, one in 170 Americans lived inside one of these homes. "The healing culture of California remained on the cutting edge of treating populations deemed untreatable." Then, in 1981, everything changed.
Deinstitutionalization: Reagan's Repeal
As new medicines and therapies began to be introduced, the mental health institutions closed. As a last-ditch effort of sorts to preserve the institution, then-president Jimmy Carter passed the Mental Health Systems Act in 1980. The act gave government funding to mental health institutions, in hopes to continue helping those with severe mental disabilities. The next year, Ronald Reagan became president, and repealed the act completely. Responsibility for the maintenance of mental health care facilities nationwide went from the federal government to individual states. This was the final step in a process called deinstitutionalization, which essentially phases out an entire industry.
In 1981, most communities did not have community-based mental health services, such as sober houses or substance abuse treatment facilities. Therefore, as said by Health Affairs, "Massive deinstitutionalization… contributed to neglect of people with mental illnesses and homelessness." In California, and many other places, the aftermath of this neglectful process left many people with mental illnesses either helplessly stranded or homeless, or both. In many ways, if the four current bills are passed, 2016 will be another year of deinstitutionalization.
California is home to 3.5 million substance abusers. There are about 1,500 substance abuse treatment facilities in the state, as well as about 1,000 sober houses. Even if the average facility housed twenty people, a lot for a facility, that would still leave 3.45 million Californians in need of help. 90% of those in need of treatment do not seek it. Even considering that only 10% of Californians with a substance abuse problem are in a recovery program, 300,000 people currently in treatment will be forced out if these bills are made law.
What do these lawmakers believe will happen if 300,000 addicts already in treatment are simply released? The chances are it would not be good. Homelessness would increase, and many people on a path to sobriety would relapse. The passing of these four bills would have very similar effects to the deinstitutionalization of the 1970s and 1980s. The amount of residential treatment beds in mental hospitals went from 413,000 to 63,000 from 1970 to 1998, according to the Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.
Best Reason to Not Pass Bills
If you remember from earlier in this article, the police chief of Costa Mesa, California said that crime had gone up 33% due to having too many addiction recovery facilities, without any proof to back it up. Well, not only is there actual proof that he was wrong, but there is actual proof that having addiction recovery facilities is beneficial to the community.
A study performed by researchers at Johns Hopkins University concluded that not only does the presence of addiction recovery centers not make places more dangerous; it may make them safer. The researchers analyzed crime statistics in locations both high and low on facilities. What they found was that "community members should be more worried about liquor stores than drug treatment centers." They meant it, too. The crime produced by the presence of a liquor store outweighs the crime produced by the presence of a drug treatment facility. Now, find me a town without a liquor store.
Another study, performed by researchers at DePaul University, attempted to show that higher-occupancy sober homes are more beneficial to communities than lower-occupancy sober homes. The results? "Larger houses had fewer problems related to conduct disorder/aggression, and criminal activity."
Addiction treatment facilities do not increase crime. In fact, the larger the facility, the better it is for the community. Unbelievable, then, that these California lawmakers want to essentially shut the system down.
In conclusion, there simply seems to be no good reason to pass these bills. Still, somehow, the state assembly passed them almost unanimously.
There is a term called NIMBY, which stands for 'not in my backyard.' It is meant to express the feeling people have when they simply do not want something near their residences. NIMBY could apply to a swamp, or as in some wealthier parts of southern California, NIMBY could apply to human beings attempting to make their own lives better. This prejudice against addicts needs to stop, this stigma against addicts. Everyone knows someone affected by drug addiction. Why, then, are we on the verge of completely resetting drug addicts over thirty years on the west coast? One can only hope the bills do not become law.