text:
Optical coherence tomography findings in methanol toxicity
Kendra A. Klein1,
Alexis K. Warren1,
Caroline R. Baumal1 &
Thomas R. Hedges III1
Methanol toxicity poses a significant public health problem in developing countries, and in Southeast Asia, where the most common source of poisoning is via adulterated liquor in local drinks. Methanol toxicity can have devastating visual consequences and retinal specialists should be aware of the features of this toxic optic neuropathy. The authors report a case of severe systemic methanol toxicity and relatively mild optic neuropathy demonstrating unique retinal changes on optical coherence tomography (OCT).
A previously healthy student developed ataxia, difficulty breathing and loss of consciousness hours after drinking homemade alcohol while traveling in Indonesia. She was found to have a serum pH of 6.79 and elevated methanol levels. She was treated with intravenous ethanol, methylprednisolone and sodium bicarbonate. When she awoke she had bilateral central scotomas. At presentation, she had central depression on visual field testing. OCT of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) was normal but ganglion cell layer analysis (GCL) showed highly selective loss of the nasal fibers in both eyes. Further, OCT of the macula demonstrated inner nuclear layer (INL) microcysts in the corresponding area of selective GCL loss in both eyes.
The selective involvement of the papillomacular bundle fibers is common in toxic optic neuropathies and represents damage to the small caliber axons rich in mitochondria. Despite severe systemic toxicity, the relative sparing of the optic nerve in this case enabled characterization of the evolution of methanol toxicity with segmental GCL involvement and preservation of the RNFL, corresponding to the papillomacular bundle. This is the first reported case of INL microcysts in methanol optic neuropathy and supports that they are a non-specific finding, and may represent preferential damage to the papillomacular bundle.
Methanol, which is also known as wood alcohol, is a common component of antifreeze, photocopier fluid, and perfume. Although uncommon in the United States, methanol toxicity poses a significant public health problem in developing countries, and in Southeast Asia, where the most common source of poisoning is via adulterated liquor in local drinks [1]. Formic acid is a toxic byproduct of methanol metabolism, and it causes tissue hypoxia and lactic acid formation via inhibition of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase. Symptoms of toxicity can appear as early as 4 h after methanol ingestion and include nausea, vomiting, headache, vertigo, and confusion. Clinical signs of toxicity include increased serum methanol, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure, shock, and death [2].
The initial ophthalmologic symptoms of methanol toxicity typically appear 6–48 h post-ingestion and severity of symptoms vary widely from mild progressive and painless decreases in vision to no-light perception vision, dyschromatopsia, scotomata, and photophobia [1]. Pupillary examination may demonstrate dilated, non-reactive pupils. Acutely, the optic disc is hyperemic and edematous, whereas chronically there is optic disc atrophy and pallor [2, 3].
The small caliber axons of the papillomacular bundle, serving central vision and rich in mitochondria, are disproportionately affected in methanol-induced optic neuropathy [4]. Microcystic changes in the inner nuclear layer (INL) have previously been described using spectral domain ocular coherence tomography (SD-OCT) as a non-specific findings associated with optic neuropathy from other etiologies [7]. We present the first case of INL microcysts on SD-OCT in a young woman with methanol toxicity and hypothesize it is related to highly specific retinal ganglion cell loss.
A 19-year-old female student who had recently returned from a semester abroad in Indonesia was evaluated for bilateral blurred vision, photophobia and a central scotoma of 4 weeks duration. While in Indonesia, the night prior to symptom onset, she drank alcoholic drinks from street vendors while out with friends. She and her friends each had two shots of homemade "whiskey" with Coca-Cola. In addition, the patient ate two to three homemade chocolates containing a small amount of liquor. She was the only one to eat the liquor-filled chocolates and was the only one in the group who became ill. Later that evening, she developed nausea, vomiting, and had difficulty walking. She awoke the following day with generalized malaise and photophobia. That evening, she became increasingly somnolent and developed labored breathing. She was brought to a local emergency department where she was resuscitated and intubated for apnea. She was found to have a metabolic acidosis with a serum pH of 6.79 and a blood methanol level of 0.60 mg/dL. Urine studies failed to reveal crystals to suggest ethylene glycol poisoning. She was diagnosed with acute methanol toxicity, presumptively secondary to the liquor-filled chocolates. The exact amount of methanol consumed was not known, but it was assumed to be less than 10 mL. She was started on intravenous ethanol, methylprednisolone and sodium bicarbonate with vitamin B12. She required dialysis for treatment of metabolic acidosis.
The following day she was extubated and, upon awakening, noted bilateral blurred central vision and photophobia. In addition to the visual symptoms, she developed extremity weakness, a shuffling gait, microphonia and micrographia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated classic damage to the basal ganglia associated with methanol poisoning. The T2-weighted scans revealed hyperintense lesions of the putamen bilaterally, consistent with acute hemorrhage, and generalized hyperintensity of the cerebral cortex, consistent with diffuse hypoxic injury. During her hospitalization, an ophthalmologist evaluated her and noted no structural ocular abnormalities.
Four weeks after the intoxication, she presented to New England Eye Center. She had undergone intense physical therapy with near resolution of her neurological symptoms. However, she continued to have mild microphonia and felt that her vision remained persistently blurred bilaterally at distance and near. Best-corrected Snellen visual acuity was 20/30 in the right eye and 20/15 in the left eye. Pupils were reactive to light with no afferent pupillary defect in either eye. Color vision was intact by Hardy-Rand–Rittler pseudoisochromatic plates. Intraocular pressures were normal. Anterior segment examination of the right eye revealed a previously identified inferonasal colobomatous defect of the iris (Fig. 1a). The left eye was unremarkable (Fig. 1b). Ophthalmoscopy revealed a previously identified inferonasal chorioretinal coloboma in the right eye (Fig. 1c) and was unremarkable in the left eye (Fig. 1d). Examination of the optic nerve showed an anomalous appearing optic nerve with tilting and mild peripapillary atrophy in the right eye (Fig. 1e) and trace segmental pallor of the temporal optic nerve head in the left eye (Fig. 1f). Baseline Humphrey visual fields 30-2 showed mild central depression in the left (Fig. 1g) and the right (Fig. 1h) eyes. The SD-OCT (Cirrus; Carl Zeiss Meditec) of the macula in the right eye (Fig. 1i) and the left eye (Fig. 1j) eye were unremarkable. The SD-OCT retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) showed an abnormal contour with artifact inferiorly from the coloboma in the right eye and no thickening or thinning in the left eye (Fig. 1k). The SD-OCT ganglion cell layer (GCL) analysis showed thickening in the inferonasal macula secondary to artifact from the coloboma in the right eye and mild thinning in the nasal macula in the left eye (Fig. 1l). The patient was observed without treatment.
Findings at presentation. External color photograph demonstrating an inferonasal iris coloboma in the right eye (a) and a normal iris configuration in the left eye (b). Color fundus photograph demonstrating an inferonasal chorioretinal coloboma of the right eye (c) and a normal appearing fundus in the left eye (d). Optic disc photograph of the right eye shows an anomalous appearing disc with mild tilting and peripapillary atrophy (e). The optic disc photograph of the left eye showed subtle temporal optic disc pallor (f). Humphrey visual fields 30-2 of the right eye (h) and left eye (g) showed central depression. SD-OCT of the macula and nerve of the right eye (i) and left eye (J) were unremarkable. SD-OCT RNFL showed artifact inferiorly in the right eye consistent with the coloboma and showed normal thickness and contour in the left eye (k). The SD-OCT GCL analysis showed thickening in the inferonasal macula secondary to artifact in the right eye and mild thinning in the nasal macula in the left eye (l)
Eight months following the acute event of methanol intoxication, the patient reported that the vision had improved, although she had a persistent central "blind spot." Best-corrected visual acuity remained 20/30 in the right and 20/15 in the left eye and her retinal examination was unchanged. SD-OCT of the macula showed a new finding of multiple retinal microcysts nasally in the right eye (Fig. 2a) and left eye (Fig. 2b). The cysts appeared highly uniform and localized to the inner nuclear (Fig. 2c, d). Although repeat SD-OCT of the RNFL was unchanged (Fig. 2e), the SD-OCT GCL now revealed bilateral wedge-shaped segmental defects of the papillomacular bundles (Fig. 2f).
Findings 8 months post-intoxication. SD-OCT of the macula revealed ovoid shaped areas of hyporeflectivity in the nasal aspect of the macula in the right eye (a) and left eye (b). With greater magnification, these cysts appeared highly uniform and localized to the inner nuclear layer, consistent with INL microcysts in the right eye (c, arrow) and left eye (d, arrow). SD-OCT RNFL was unchanged from presentation in the right and left eyes (e). However, SD-OCT GCL analysis showed a wedge-shaped area of ganglion cell layer thinning in the nasal macula of both eyes, corresponding to the papillomacular bundle (f)
Discussion and conclusions
Although uncommon in the United States, methanol toxicity is a major public health concern in developing countries, and there have been increasing reports of tourist-related methanol toxicity while traveling to locations where home-brewed alcohol is consumed [1]. Acute methanol poisoning is potentially fatal and can have devastating visual consequences. Ophthalmologists should be familiar with its presentation. Fortunately, the patient was initially seen at a local hospital in Indonesia with providers familiar with the presenting features of methanol toxicity and received prompt treatment.
Prior OCT studies of methanol toxicity have shown peripapillary nerve fiber layer swelling acutely and diffuse retinal thinning chronically. However, inner nuclear layer microcysts have not previously been described [6]. Van Buren first described the histopathology of inner nuclear layer microcysts, from experimental optic nerve injury, and highlighted the extensive loss of the ganglion cells and cystic degeneration of the inner nuclear layer on the medial side of the fovea [7]. Since that time, microcystic inner nuclear layer abnormalities have been described in a variety of optic neuropathies including multiple sclerosis [8], neuromyelitis optica [5], hereditary optic neuropathies [9] and compressive optic pathway diseases [10]. Different theories have been put forth to explain these changes, including trans-synaptic retrograde degeneration, glial cell activation and mitochondrial dysfunction [7, 9, 10]. Microcysts should not be confused with cystoid macular edema or retinoschisis and are distinguishable on OCT. The former has a high degree of uniformity, characteristic shape and specific location within the INL whereas the latter tend to be larger, more irregular, and can localize to the outer plexiform layer as well. Further, INL microcysts are bilateral and the retina is not thickened [5]. Multimodal imaging of macular microcysts demonstrating unremarkable optical coherence tomography angiography of the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses and fluorescein angiography, suggest a nonvascular etiology such as Muller cell degeneration [5].
In this case, the pre-existing infero-nasal iris and optic nerve coloboma with peripapillary atrophy in the patient's right eye is a potentially confounding factor and may lead to misinterpretation of OCT RNFL and GCL data. Nevertheless, despite severe systemic toxicity, the relative sparing of the optic nerve enabled characterization of the evolution of methanol optic nerve toxicity, suggesting early segmental retinal ganglion cell involvement corresponding to the selective loss of small caliber axons in the papillomacular bundle. This feature has been described in a variety of hereditary and acquired optic neuropathies characterized by oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and reflects damage to the papillomacular bundle which provides central vision and is most vulnerable in energy-depleted states [4]. The finding of INL microcysts in this case suggests damage to retinal ganglion cells and may signify preferential loss off small caliber axons of the papillomacular bundle rich in mitochondria. These findings have not yet been described in methanol toxicity and may give insight into the evolution and pathophysiology of this devastating disease.
INL:
inner nuclear layer
SD-OCT:
spectral domain optical coherence tomography
RNFL:
retinal nerve fiber layer
Setiohadji B, Kartika A. Methanol toxic optic neuropathy: clinical characteristics and visual acuity after high-dose methylprednisolone. Neuro Ophthalmol Jpn. 2016;33:421–7.
Grzybowski A, Zülsdorff M, Wilhelm H, Tonagel F. Toxic optic neuropathies: an updated review. Acta Ophthalmol. 2015;93(5):402–10.
Sadun A. Acquired mitochondrial impairment as a cause of optic nerve disease. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1998;96:881–923.
Carelli V, Ross-Cisneros FN, Sadun AA. Optic nerve degeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction: genetic and acquired optic neuropathies. Neurochem Int. 2002;40(6):573–84.
Chen X, Kuehlewein L, Pineles SL, et al. En face optical coherence tomography of macular microcysts due to optic neuropathy from neuromyelitis optica. Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2015;9(4):302–6.
Fujihara M, Kikuchi M, Kurimoto Y. Methanol-induced retinal toxicity patient examined by optical coherence tomography. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2006;50(3):239–41.
Vanburen JM. Trans-synaptic retrograde degeneration in the visual system of primates. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1963;26:402–9.
Abegg M, Zinkernagel M, Wolf S. Microcystic macular degeneration from optic neuropathy. Brain. 2012;135:e225.
Wolff B, Basdekidou C, Vasseur V, et al. Retinal inner nuclear layer microcystic changes in optic nerve atrophy: a novel spectral-domain OCT finding. Retina. 2013;33:2133–8.
Monteiro MLR, Hokazono K, Fernandes DB, et al. Evaluation of inner retinal layers in eyes with temporal hemianopic visual loss from chiasmal compression using optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55(5):3328–36.
TRH and CRB made substantial contributions to conception and design of the study. AKW acquired data and wrote the manuscript. KAK was a major contributor in writing the manuscript and provided critical revisions. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The authors have no competing interests.
Supporting data reported in this article can be found in a HIPPA compliant electronic medical record at Tufts-New England Eye Center (Imedicware electronic health record and Forum image database).
Verbal consent for publication was obtained from participants.
The Institutional Review Board at Tufts Medical Center approved the study protocol for human subjects. The study was complaint with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
This work was supported in part by a Research to Prevent Blindness Unrestricted Grant to the New England Eye Center/Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Massachusetts Lions Club and the Macula Vision Research Foundation.
This case was presented as a poster at NANOS February 21–26th, 2015 San Diego, CA.
New England Eye Center Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, 260 Tremont Street, Biewend Building, 11th Floor, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
Kendra A. Klein
, Alexis K. Warren
, Caroline R. Baumal
& Thomas R. Hedges III
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Correspondence to Kendra A. Klein.
Klein, K.A., Warren, A.K., Baumal, C.R. et al. Optical coherence tomography findings in methanol toxicity. Int J Retin Vitr 3, 36 (2017) doi:10.1186/s40942-017-0089-4
Received: 12 May 2017
Inner nuclear layer microcysts
Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Retinal toxicity
Toxic optic neuropathy


text:
package org.camunda.bpm.engine.test.bpmn.exclusive;

import org.camunda.bpm.engine.impl.persistence.entity.JobEntity;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.impl.test.PluggableProcessEngineTestCase;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.runtime.Job;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.test.Deployment;

/**
 * @author Stefan Hentschel
 */
public class ExclusiveEndEventTest extends PluggableProcessEngineTestCase {

  @Deployment
  public void testNonExclusiveEndEvent() {
    // start process
    runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("exclusive");
    // now there should be 1 non-exclusive job in the database:
    Job job = managementService.createJobQuery().singleResult();
    assertNotNull(job);
    assertFalse(((JobEntity)job).isExclusive());

    waitForJobExecutorToProcessAllJobs(6000L);

    // all the jobs are done
    assertEquals(0, managementService.createJobQuery().count());
  }

  @Deployment
  public void testExclusiveEndEvent() {
    // start process
    runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("exclusive");
    // now there should be 1 exclusive job in the database:
    Job job = managementService.createJobQuery().singleResult();
    assertNotNull(job);
    assertTrue(((JobEntity)job).isExclusive());

    waitForJobExecutorToProcessAllJobs(6000L);

    // all the jobs are done
    assertEquals(0, managementService.createJobQuery().count());
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Another day has dawned. I actually saw the dawn too. Last night I pondered my plans for the day. I knew that up on deck for my day was the hour of social fun, also known as zumba at 6:45PM. I also knew that should the weather and my husband both be amendable that we would hike or bike in the afternoon after I got off work (at noon today). I have learned to not count on that as a plan because the weather has been fickle and well, my husband is also fickle when it comes to those things too. I just take our walks and hikes as fun activity and not so much as exercise (although it is that). I WANTED to run. This running thing is quickly becoming a thing that I want to do and when I do not do it, it really bothers me. I decided that while my alarm was set for 6:30 that if my body woke up naturally early enough (5:30) that I would go for an early morning run. (This is not too abnormal, because I typically wake up between 5:30 and 6). Like clockwork this morning I woke up at 5:30. I wanted to go running so bad…but my body was sooooo comfortable in bed. And then I saw a post on face book. The picture is posted at the end of this post (I haven't figured out how to place pictures interspersed into the post while posting from my phone). I was up and out the door within minutes. It was gorgeous….deer were feasting in the fields as I ran in the dusky dawn light. I didn't push myself too incredibly hard. I hoped and thought that maybe I was going faster but it felt pretty comfortable so I thought that I was simply running at my average pace. I was ok with that. I was also ok with the fact that I knocked a mile off my normal run. I had to get back to my house to shower, for some reason my co-workers want me to shower before I come to work. I finished and looked at my app that tracks my mileage and pace. What????? My average pace was 12:49 What??? Are you serious????? At the beginning of April my average pace was running about 14:50 . Granted, my heart rate was about 10 beats faster per minute but that will drop as it becomes more comfortable for me! Progress! (Now I just need to get that pace to be my consistent pace…and of course get faster!) I am going to beat this running thing yet!
Life has been crazy. I've had some depression and sadness. (That's the understatement of the year.) The exercise for me is the way to shut out the sadness and the dark. It's almost as if when I'm sweating my guts out that I'm shedding some of the sadness, if only for a few minutes. Is this transference of an addiction? I'll admit it…..it probably is. Instead of eating away my sorrows, I'm going outside and sweating my guts out! Is it healthy? Emotionally, probably not. I don't know that any addiction is good. Is this addiction hurting me like my addiction to food? No. I'm not doing the exercise thing stupidly. I don't like pain. So the other morning when I was really achy, I didn't run. This morning my legs felt fine when I went to the bathroom, so I knew I was ok. So maybe since I'm operating under the guidance of how my body feels I don't have an addiction. Ha ha ha Regardless…..I'm riding the wave! All I know is that exercise clears my mind. It makes me feel alive and it makes me happy! That's what matters!!!
My eating of late has been doing REALLY well. I don't want to say it too loudly because it can change at the blink of an eye, but the food addiction has been safely packed away of late. I don't eat crazy since I'm exercising. I eat healthy! My calorie counts have been right where they need to be. I've been monitoring and limiting my intake of carbs (this is sad…so sad….but necessary) I've been eating lots of healthy foods. My diet has been heavy on the fruit and veggie intake. Pounds are lost in the kitchen and my weight loss (6 pounds in the last two weeks) reflects this! I'm eating healthy. I'm living life fully. I am eating out with my family when the opportunity arises, no matter where they go…..I just make the best choices possible and work to accommodate those choices within my caloric budget. I'm happy with where I'm at. It's a good place. This is life and I'm making it work!
I try to take the focus off the numbers. But it's so difficult to not think about how the numbers are dropping, where I'm heading and when I may possibly may get there. Regardless of how fast I want to lose the weight…my body will get there in it's own time. Patience MaryFran…..Patience!
I used to run a lot, but I got lazy and am now trying to get back into it. Running, especially after you are out of breath and exerting yourself, takes concentration and effort that can no longer be focused on whatever is bothering us or stressing us...at least that is my theory for why it is so therapeutic! Especially with music and good scenery.
I don't think running is an addiction until it you start feeling anxiety or you try to overdo it. Exercise is great for a person mentally. As Reese Witherspoon said on Legally Blonde, "Exercise releases endorphins and endorphins make you happy. Happy people don't just kill their husbands."
Running is a great addiction! Plus you can focus on new numbers now that are dropping.. your time it takes to complete a mile!! Good for you and keep it up.
I think it is possible to have a an addition to running. If you enjoy what you're doing --- it ceases to become exercise and starts being FUN. There's nothing wrong with that unless you start choosing it above everything else --- all the time!
Great job on sticking with it by-the-way! You're quite the inspiration!
I work in the mental health field, and I have to say that exercise is a really, REALLY good thing for depression. It is recommended, and in fact, I have been trying to get my clients to exercise more. My company will even help them get a YMCA membership if they want it because it's such a good thing.
With all the possible addictions, running may be the most healthy one you can have. It's better to be addicted to running than sugar. I'm glad your eating is going well.


text:
The History of Fantasy - Part 1: The Origins of Modern Fantasy
There are the ancient tales and fables that have been with us for a thousand years or more. These are fantastic and magical tales with swords, magic and grand adventures. These ancient tales are the forefather of what we consider to be the modern genre of fantasy. In this fantasy guide I give you the history of the modern fantasy story and list the major writers and works.
NEXT:: I take a look at the Middle Era of Fantasy which is the period of time from the Publication of the Hobbit in 1937 to the publication of The Sword of Shannara in 1977. You can read that here
I define this time period of origins as the years between 1872 with the publication of the first work in the genre to 1937 when the Hobbit was published. With the publication of The Hobbit the genre had been reborn into its modern era.
Let me first describe a little bit about what I mean when I say fantasy and to do this I will quote Lin Carter " I mean the tale of quest, adventure or war set in an invented age and worldscape of the author's own imagination. "
That's a pretty darn good definition and nowadays it is very rich and pretty well defined but in the early period of fantasy it was a very new thing and just being born so it was a bit different from what is written now. It drew on earlier works like fables and tales. So, these early works were the birth of the genre and were also a bridge from that older genre to what we now have.
The genre started in the Victorian age in England in 1872.
The very first work of fantasy in the modern era is typically attributed to a work called "The Wood beyond the World which was first published in 1894. by William Morris. And there is some truth to this but it isn't 100% accurate. It is the book that really got the genre it's start. But what would be more accurately described as the first work in the genre of modern fantasy is a book called "The Princess and the Goblin" by George MacDonald which was published in 1872.
William Morris went on to write and publish more works in the fantasy genre and "The Well at the end of the World" is also one of the early definitive works.
The Princess and the Goblin tells the story of young Princess Irene and her friend Curdie, who must outwit the threatening goblins who live in caves beneath her mountain home. Macdonald's pioneering use of fantasy as a literary medium had a great influence on Lewis Carroll, J. R. R. Tolkien, and Madeleine L'Engle, all great admirers of his work, which has remained popular to this day. "I write, not for children," he wrote, "but for the child-like, whether they be of five, or fifty, or seventy-five."
The Wood Beyond the World (Wildside Fantasy)
The Well at the World's End: Volume I
In the land of the Upmeads, King Peter's sons thirst for adventure and the King agrees that all except Ralph, the youngest, may go forth. But Ralph secretly makes his way to Wulstead, and here learns about the Well at the World's End, beginning a journey which will eventually lead him there.
The Well at the World's End: Volume II
Long ago there was a little land, over which ruled a regulus or kinglet, who was called King Peter, though his kingdom was but little. He had four sons whose names were Blaise, Hugh, Gregory and Ralph: of these Ralph was the youngest, whereas he was but of twenty winters and one; and Blaise was the oldest and had seen thirty winters. odern fantasy has been around for a while now and it is gets its inspiration from the anicent talesTombs of Atuan is the second book in LeGuin's Earthsea series of books. At less than 150 pages in length it is a small yet magical book that is suitable for children and adults. This is a perfect book for bedtime stories or if you want something light that won't take a year to finish.
The Genre evolves and branches
After these seminal early works other writers started exploring the new genre and they added their own touches and aimed at particular audiences. This is where the genre began to grow and split into it's sub-genres.
The Fantasy Genre has a very strong component written for children. It is a very traditional and accepted part of the genre. These wondrous tales lead themselves very much so to the imagination of children. We can see this in the plethora of fantasy books for young adults and children which include the phenomenally successful Harry Potter series.
This addition to the genre is generally credited with the author Edith Nesbit Edith Nesbit with her work "Five Children and It" which was first published in 1902. It lays the template for lots of children's fantasy to come. The story begins when a group of children move from London to the countryside of Kent . While playing in a gravel pit soon after the move, they uncover a rather grumpy, ugly and occasionally malevolent sand- fairy known as the Psammead who is compelled to grant one wish of theirs per day. The Basic idea is that children embark on magical and wondrous fantasy adventures. Five Children and It
Five Children and It is the first of a trilogy of novels about the same five children who embark on adventures. The second novel is "The Phoenix And The Carpet " (1904) and the third novel is "The story of the Amulet " (1906)
Nesbit first broke the genre off into its first subgenre and many other authors began, around the 1920's to add their particular voice and flavor to fantasy.
The next generation of writers begin to add to the depth and breadth of the genre.
One of the most vibrant sub genres of Fantasy is Swords & Sorcery which is a variation of heroic fantasy. This comes into it's full fruition with Robert E. Howards Conan. This wasn't fully realized and fleshed out until the golden age of the pulp magazine in later years. But there was a work during this period that might be considered to be the first good representation of Swords & Sorcery. It is A. Merritt's The Ship of Ishtar.
I will wrap up this article on the roots of fantasy by looking at two more authors who published their seminal works in the 1920's . They are E.R. Eddison and Lord Dunsany.
The Genre becomes more epic and more heroic with the publication of E.R. Eddison's "The Worm Ouroboros" (1922). In this book much emphasis is placed on large quests and heroic achievements and the concepts of honor and chivalry are highly regarded and touted. . It is a solid precursor to Tolkien and the modern works. The Worm Ouroboros
This book can be difficult to read though. The language can be a bit of a challenge.
Eddison wrote other works in the yet unnamed genre of fantasy including a trilogy of three that are loosely tied to the Worm Ouroboros. The Zimiamvia Trilogy: Mistress of Mistresses , A Fish Dinner in Memison and The Mezentian Gate .
In 1926 Lord Dunsany published "The King of Elfland's Daughter". This novel further broadened the reach of the Fantasy Novel and in this work we move into fairytale fantasy and high fantasy. Many consider this book to be one of the finest examples of Fantasy.
The King of Elfland's Daughter (Del Rey Impact)
Another wonderful example of fantasy work by Dunsany is "The Charwoman's Shadow ".
Synopsis and timeline of the Roots of Modern Fantasy:
The Princess and the Goblin by George Macdonald (1872)
The Wood Beyond the World by William Morris (1894)
The Well at the World's End: Volume I ,The Well at the World's End: Volume II by William Morris (1896)
Five Children and It by Edith Nesbit (1902)
The Phoenix And The Carpet by Edith Nesbit(1904)
The story of the Amulet by Edith Nesbit (1906)
The Worm Ouroborosby E.R. Eddison (1922)
The King of Elfland's Daughter by Lord Dunsany (1924)
The Charwoman's Shadow by Lord Dunsany (1926)
RESOURCES AND MORE
A Short History of Fantasy
Some of the earliest books written - The Epic of Gilgamesh, and the Odyssey - are fantasy, dealing with monsters, marvels, extraordinary voyages and magic. Fantasy remained an essential part of European literature until the rise of the modern realist novel. But even then fantasy remained popular, in the guise of Gothic horror, the ghost story, the fairytale and stories of imaginary worlds: it was in part a reaction to the Enlightenment, to realism and to industrialisation. This book traces the history of fantasy from the earliest years through to the origins of modern fantasy in the twentieth century. From the 1950s (when Tolkien published The Lord of the Rings and Lewis published the Narnia books) the story is dealt with decade by decade. In the 1980s, fantasy earned its own section in bookshops in the English-speaking world and beyond, and by the end of the 1990s, fantasy writers such as Terry Pratchett and J.K. Rowling had become the best-selling writers in Britain, while Tolkien was a best-seller in all the major languages of the world. A Short History of Fantasy explores the great variety of fiction published under the heading 'fantasy' in the twenty-first century, and also seeks to explain its continuing and growing popularity.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
University of Miami Boot Camps
University of Miami offers 24-week web development and data analytics programs in Coral Gables, Florida. The bootcamps are offered through the University of Miami Continuing & International Education in partnership with Trilogy Education Services.
In this program, students can participate in career support and services, including portfolio reviews, mock interviews, social media profile support, and high-impact career events. Over the course of the bootcamps, they will learn both hard and soft skills relevant to their chosen industries.
University of Miami Bootcamps provides skills-based training in coding, data analytics, and FinTech. Courses are provided through a partnership with the University of Miami and Trilogy Education Services and include a host of academic and career services support to students.
The University of Miami is located in Coral Gables, Florida. It was founded in 1925 by a group of citizens who wanted to create an institute of higher education within their community. Approximately 646 students made up the university's first class of full-time students in 1926, and Dr. Bowman F. Ashe served as the first president from 1926-1952.
The mission of the University of Miami is to "transform lives through education, research, innovation, and service." The University of Miami is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and other accrediting agencies. The university offers undergraduate, graduate, dual-degree, professional, and study abroad programs. The University of Miami has a low student-teacher ratio and enrolls more than 11,000 undergraduate students.
The University of Miami's main campus is located in Coral Gables, Florida. The university's additional campuses and facilities include the Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center, The Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science waterfront campus in Biscayne Bay, and the Richmond Facility for research. Classes offered through the University of Miami Bootcamps take place online.
Subjects Taught at University of Miami Bootcamps
Subjects taught here include:
To see how the University of Miami Bootcamps compare to those offered at over schools, view information about coding bootcamps, data analytics bootcamps, and FinTech bootcamps on Noble Desktop's Classes Near Me Tool.
What Classes Are Available?
The University of Miami Bootcamps courses are designed to prepare students for career opportunities in web development, data analytics, and FinTech. Classes are offered on a part-time basis and are grounded in extensive curricula that cover fundamental concepts and the most in-demand technologies. The bootcamps provide students with immersive, hands-on training, while also focusing on portfolio development and career readiness.
In the 24-week coding bootcamp, students learn technologies that are important to full stack web development, including CSS3, React.js, HTML5, jQuery, and JavaScript. In the course, students demonstrate their knowledge of course concepts through group projects. They also gain access to professional development courses in technologies like Python, Java, and Amazon Web Services. All graduates receive a certificate of completion from the University of Miami.
In the University of Miami Bootcamps data analytics bootcamp, students learn concepts, techniques, and technologies that allow them to work with and analyze data to solve complex problems for employers or clients. The 24-week training covers topics such as statistics, machine learning, and API interactions. Some of the software and programs taught in the course include Tableau, Excel, Python, and JavaScript. Students who complete all program requirements also receive a certificate of completion.
The FinTech bootcamp is a 24-week training that prepares students to master financial technologies in industries like banking, insurance, and investing. This hands-on training covers financial fundamentals, blockchain, and cryptocurrency, machine learning applications for finance, as well as programming and financial libraries. The comprehensive training will introduce an array of topics (i.e. financial analysis and modeling, Ehterum, validation, Ganache, Truffle Suite, algorithmic training, forecasting, Python, Pandas, and more.
The University of Miami Bootcamps also offers a tech project management bootcamp for individuals to develop the leadership skills needed to oversee tech projects.
The University of Miami Bootcamps offers its immersive bootcamps through an interactive online learning experience. Students gain access to instructors, teaching assistants, and program support personnel while enrolled. Classes include discussions, projects, lab work, and portfolio projects—all of which are completed and submitted virtually. The school provides all necessary course materials, which eliminates the need to purchase textbooks. For an optimal learning experience, it is recommended that students have a laptop (Mac or PC) with at least 8GB of RAM and a dual-core processor.
Students must be granted acceptance into University of Miami Bootcamps, which does not provide open enrollment. To receive consideration for admissions, prospective students can request an interview with an admissions advisor through an online submission form or by calling the school. Applicants who are recommended to proceed with the application will take a critical thinking and problem-solving assessment. Admission is open to applicants who are 18 years old and older and who have obtained a high school diploma or GED.
Pricing & Payment Options
The tuition at University of Miami Bootcamps ranges from $10,495 to $10,995 and is subject to change. The school gives University of Miami alumni and staff a 20% discount on the coding bootcamp. The school also offers payment plans and early registration pricing.
Career Support Services
University of Miami offers career services that prepare students to compete for jobs while enrolled and beyond program completion. The available services include gaining access to a Profile Coach Team that helps students with resumes, LinkedIn profiles, portfolios, and GitHub. Students also work with a Career Director who helps guide them through job searches. Students can also receive assistance with interview preparation.
University of Miami Bootcamps alumni find opportunities in various fields, and many have secured work within months of graduating from the program. Alumni have found lucrative and fulfilling opportunities in software development, web development, and systems analytics.
What Do Students Say?
Student reviews offer personal accounts about how schools perform, and online course review websites can serve as a resource for balanced information.
University of Miami Bootcamps graduates shared their experience in various courses on the Course Report website. Students reported high satisfaction with their overall experience, instructors, and career services. According to one student, the "full stack development bootcamp is fast-paced, informative, and really hands-on. It has been really great with assistance from teachers and tutors."
Another student reported a favorable experience with the leadership from the Program Coordinator: "Without her, most of us would probably not finish this course, myself included" Students also indicated that the courses move rapidly and can be challenging to experienced and inexperienced students.
Pros of University of Miami Bootcamps
Hands-on learning and projects
Discounts for alumni and staff
Career services and program support
Low student-to-teacher ratio
Cons of University of Miami Bootcamps
Programs can be challenging for more inexperienced students
Top Courses at University of Miami Boot Camps
Find the perfect course for you at University of Miami Boot Camps. We've selected 2 of University of Miami Boot Camps's most popular courses. View the full course catalog at bootcamp.miami.edu
This program prepares students to enter the web development field, in as few as 12 weeks. Students will explore full-stack development tools, such as HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, PHP, Bootstrap, jQuery, and much more. Graduates of this program will also benefit from career and job matching services.
24 Weeks, 10 hr/wk
This program provides a comprehensive foundation in data analytics in 24-weeks. This course covers the fundamentals of statistics, Python, Tableau, SQL, and HTML/CSS. Graduates of this program will have a robust professional portfolio to get them started in their careers.
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Subjects Taught at University of Miami Boot Camps
Coding is what makes technology work. It runs behind the scenes of the technology that has become an integral part of daily life and business in the modern world. There are a variety of coding languages that allow programmers to develop websites, create apps and software, analyze data, create machine learning algorithms, query databases, and more.
In-Person Coding Classes Live Online Coding Classes Coding Bootcamps
Data analytics is the process of analyzing raw data in order to draw conclusions. Data analytics are used to study all kinds of data, including productivity, production, profit/loss and much more.
In-Person Data Analytics Classes Live Online Data Analytics Classes Data Analytics Bootcamps
Map of University of Miami Boot Camps Locations


The City of Gulf Shores will host the Wild and Wicked Beach Bash at Gulf Place Public Beach on Oct. 19. Locals and visitors are invited to wear their best Halloween costume and participate in this horrifyingly fun event featuring a Haunted Hustle 5K, Witches on Wheels, and live music from (pictured) Doctor Zarr's Amazing Funk Monster beginning at 8 p.m. For more info, call 251-968-9824 or visit .gulfshoresal.gov/wildwickedbeachbash.
The Witches on Wheels bicycle ride begins at 6 p.m. to kick off the evening. Witches and warlocks are invited to jump on their brooms (bicycles will suffice) and parade around the Gulf Place Town Green throwing beads and candy to bystanders. The cost to participate in Witches on Wheels is $15 until Sept. 21. Beginning on Sept. 22, the registration fee will increase to $20. The cost will include the event t-shirt.
The Haunted Hustle 5K will begin promptly at 6:30 p.m. Ghosts, goblins, and monsters of all sorts are invited to enjoy an evening run on our USATF certified course. The 5K course will start and finish in front of Gulf Place Town Green. The cost to participate in the Haunted Hustle 5K is $25 until Sept. 21. Cost to participate will increase to $35 on Sept. 22. All runners will receive a t-shirt; however, preferred shirt size is guaranteed for early registrants only. For those wishing to participate in both the Haunted Hustle 5K and Witches on Wheels, the cost is $35. Beginning Sept. 22, the price to participate in both events will increase to $45.
"General admission to the Wild and Wicked Beach Bash is free," Recreation Manager Nicole Ard said.


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text:
La Gilera SMT e la Gilera RCR sono due modelli di motocicletta prodotti della Gilera dal 2003 al 2019 con la stessa base meccanica in comune derivata dalla Derbi Senda e destinate all'uso nel motard e nell'enduro.

Si tratta di due modelli classificati come ciclomotori e destinati ai quattordicenni italiani essendo guidabili con la patente AM; montano un motore da 49,9 cm³ a 2 tempi con raffreddamento a liquido omologato Euro 2. Dal novembre 2017 il motore viene omologato Euro 4.

Esistono due varianti, la RCR da enduro e la SMT da motard. Della SMT esiste anche la versione SMT Racing' che, pur non avendo il Fanale posteriore a LED né la strumentazione digitale polifunzionale svetta per le soluzioni tecniche come la forcella da 41 mm con escursione da 195 mm, gli ammortizzatori anteriori in alluminio o i cerchi da 17".

Caratteristiche tecniche

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

SMT

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
import fnmatch
import locale
import logging
import os
import stat
from io import BytesIO, StringIO
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Callable,
    Dict,
    Iterable,
    List,
    Mapping,
    Optional,
    Tuple,
    Union,
)

from funcy import cached_property

from dvc.progress import Tqdm
from dvc.scm.base import GitAuthError, InvalidRemoteSCMRepo, SCMError
from dvc.utils import relpath

from ...objects import GitObject
from ..base import BaseGitBackend

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from dvc.types import StrPath

    from ...objects import GitCommit

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

class DulwichObject(GitObject):
    def __init__(self, repo, name, mode, sha):
        self.repo = repo
        self._name = name
        self._mode = mode
        self._sha = sha

    def open(self, mode: str = "r", encoding: str = None):
        if not encoding:
            encoding = locale.getpreferredencoding(False)
        # NOTE: we didn't load the object before as Dulwich will also try to
        # load the contents of it into memory, which will slow down Trie
        # building considerably.
        obj = self.repo[self.sha]
        data = obj.as_raw_string()
        if mode == "rb":
            return BytesIO(data)
        return StringIO(data.decode(encoding))

    @property
    def name(self) -> str:
        return self._name

    @property
    def mode(self) -> int:
        return self._mode

    def scandir(self) -> Iterable["DulwichObject"]:
        tree = self.repo[self.sha]
        for entry in tree.iteritems():  # noqa: B301
            yield DulwichObject(
                self.repo, entry.path.decode(), entry.mode, entry.sha
            )

    @property
    def size(self) -> int:
        return len(self.repo[self.sha].as_raw_string())

    @property
    def sha(self) -> str:
        return self._sha

class DulwichBackend(BaseGitBackend):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
    """Dulwich Git backend."""

    from dulwich import client

    from .asyncssh_vendor import AsyncSSHVendor

    # monkeypatch dulwich client's default SSH vendor to use asyncssh
    client.get_ssh_vendor = AsyncSSHVendor  # type: ignore[assignment]

    # Dulwich progress will return messages equivalent to git CLI,
    # our pbars should just display the messages as formatted by dulwich
    BAR_FMT_NOTOTAL = "{desc}{bar:b}|{postfix[info]} [{elapsed}]"

    def __init__(  # pylint:disable=W0231
        self, root_dir=os.curdir, search_parent_directories=True
    ):
        from dulwich.errors import NotGitRepository
        from dulwich.repo import Repo

        try:
            if search_parent_directories:
                self.repo = Repo.discover(start=root_dir)
            else:
                self.repo = Repo(root_dir)
        except NotGitRepository as exc:
            raise SCMError(f"{root_dir} is not a git repository") from exc

        self._submodules: Dict[str, str] = self._find_submodules()
        self._stashes: dict = {}

    def _find_submodules(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
        """Return dict mapping submodule names to submodule paths.

        Submodule paths will be relative to Git repo root.
        """
        from dulwich.config import ConfigFile, parse_submodules

        submodules: Dict[str, str] = {}
        config_path = os.path.join(self.root_dir, ".gitmodules")
        if os.path.isfile(config_path):
            config = ConfigFile.from_path(config_path)
            for path, _url, section in parse_submodules(config):
                submodules[os.fsdecode(section)] = os.fsdecode(path)
        return submodules

    def close(self):
        self.repo.close()

    @property
    def root_dir(self) -> str:
        return self.repo.path

    @staticmethod
    def clone(
        url: str,
        to_path: str,
        rev: Optional[str] = None,
        shallow_branch: Optional[str] = None,
    ):
        raise NotImplementedError

    @property
    def dir(self) -> str:
        return self.repo.commondir()

    def add(self, paths: Union[str, Iterable[str]], update=False):
        from dvc.utils.fs import walk_files

        assert paths or update

        if isinstance(paths, str):
            paths = [paths]

        if update and not paths:
            self.repo.stage(list(self.repo.open_index()))
            return

        files: List[bytes] = []
        for path in paths:
            if not os.path.isabs(path) and self._submodules:
                # NOTE: If path is inside a submodule, Dulwich expects the
                # staged paths to be relative to the submodule root (not the
                # parent git repo root). We append path to root_dir here so
                # that the result of relpath(path, root_dir) is actually the
                # path relative to the submodule root.
                fs_path = relpath(path, self.root_dir)
                for sm_path in self._submodules.values():
                    if fs_path.startswith(sm_path):
                        path = os.path.join(
                            self.root_dir,
                            relpath(fs_path, sm_path),
                        )
                        break
            if os.path.isdir(path):
                files.extend(
                    os.fsencode(relpath(fpath, self.root_dir))
                    for fpath in walk_files(path)
                )
            else:
                files.append(os.fsencode(relpath(path, self.root_dir)))

        # NOTE: this doesn't check gitignore, same as GitPythonBackend.add
        if update:
            index = self.repo.open_index()
            if os.name == "nt":
                # NOTE: we need git/unix separator to compare against index
                # paths but repo.stage() expects to be called with OS paths
                self.repo.stage(
                    [
                        fname
                        for fname in files
                        if fname.replace(b"\\", b"/") in index
                    ]
                )
            else:
                self.repo.stage([fname for fname in files if fname in index])
        else:
            self.repo.stage(files)

    def commit(self, msg: str, no_verify: bool = False):
        from dulwich.errors import CommitError
        from dulwich.porcelain import commit
        from dulwich.repo import InvalidUserIdentity

        try:
            commit(self.root_dir, message=msg, no_verify=no_verify)
        except CommitError as exc:
            raise SCMError("Git commit failed") from exc
        except InvalidUserIdentity as exc:
            raise SCMError(
                "Git username and email must be configured"
            ) from exc

    def checkout(
        self,
        branch: str,
        create_new: Optional[bool] = False,
        force: bool = False,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def pull(self, **kwargs):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def push(self):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def branch(self, branch: str):
        from dulwich.porcelain import Error, branch_create

        try:
            branch_create(self.root_dir, branch)
        except Error as exc:
            raise SCMError(f"Failed to create branch '{branch}'") from exc

    def tag(self, tag: str):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def untracked_files(self) -> Iterable[str]:
        _staged, _unstaged, untracked = self.status()
        return untracked

    def is_tracked(self, path: str) -> bool:
        rel = relpath(path, self.root_dir).replace(os.path.sep, "/").encode()
        rel_dir = rel + b"/"
        for path in self.repo.open_index():
            if path == rel or path.startswith(rel_dir):
                return True
        return False

    def is_dirty(self, untracked_files: bool = False) -> bool:
        staged, unstaged, untracked = self.status()
        return bool(staged or unstaged or (untracked_files and untracked))

    def active_branch(self) -> str:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def list_branches(self) -> Iterable[str]:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def list_tags(self) -> Iterable[str]:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def list_all_commits(self) -> Iterable[str]:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def get_tree_obj(self, rev: str, **kwargs) -> DulwichObject:
        from dulwich.objectspec import parse_tree

        tree = parse_tree(self.repo, rev)
        return DulwichObject(self.repo, ".", stat.S_IFDIR, tree.id)

    def get_rev(self) -> str:
        rev = self.get_ref("HEAD")
        if rev:
            return rev
        raise SCMError("Empty git repo")

    def resolve_rev(self, rev: str) -> str:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def resolve_commit(self, rev: str) -> "GitCommit":
        raise NotImplementedError

    def _get_stash(self, ref: str):
        from dulwich.stash import Stash as DulwichStash

        if ref not in self._stashes:
            self._stashes[ref] = DulwichStash(self.repo, ref=os.fsencode(ref))
        return self._stashes[ref]

    @cached_property
    def ignore_manager(self):
        from dulwich.ignore import IgnoreFilterManager

        return IgnoreFilterManager.from_repo(self.repo)

    def is_ignored(self, path: "StrPath") -> bool:
        # `is_ignored` returns `false` if excluded in `.gitignore` and
        # `None` if it's not mentioned at all. `True` if it is ignored.
        relative_path = relpath(path, self.root_dir)
        # if checking a directory, a trailing slash must be included
        if str(path)[-1] == os.sep:
            relative_path += os.sep
        return bool(self.ignore_manager.is_ignored(relative_path))

    def set_ref(
        self,
        name: str,
        new_ref: str,
        old_ref: Optional[str] = None,
        message: Optional[str] = None,
        symbolic: Optional[bool] = False,
    ):
        name_b = os.fsencode(name)
        new_ref_b = os.fsencode(new_ref)
        old_ref_b = os.fsencode(old_ref) if old_ref else None
        message_b = message.encode("utf-8") if message else None
        if symbolic:
            return self.repo.refs.set_symbolic_ref(
                name_b, new_ref_b, message=message_b
            )
        if not self.repo.refs.set_if_equals(
            name_b, old_ref_b, new_ref_b, message=message_b
        ):
            raise SCMError(f"Failed to set '{name}'")

    def get_ref(self, name, follow: bool = True) -> Optional[str]:
        from dulwich.refs import parse_symref_value

        name_b = os.fsencode(name)
        if follow:
            try:
                ref = self.repo.refs[name_b]
            except KeyError:
                ref = None
        else:
            ref = self.repo.refs.read_ref(name_b)
            try:
                if ref:
                    ref = parse_symref_value(ref)
            except ValueError:
                pass
        if ref:
            return os.fsdecode(ref)
        return None

    def remove_ref(self, name: str, old_ref: Optional[str] = None):
        name_b = name.encode("utf-8")
        old_ref_b = old_ref.encode("utf-8") if old_ref else None
        if not self.repo.refs.remove_if_equals(name_b, old_ref_b):
            raise SCMError(f"Failed to remove '{name}'")

    def iter_refs(self, base: Optional[str] = None):
        base_b = os.fsencode(base) if base else None
        for key in self.repo.refs.keys(base=base_b):
            if base:
                if base.endswith("/"):
                    base = base[:-1]
                yield "/".join([base, os.fsdecode(key)])
            else:
                yield os.fsdecode(key)

    def iter_remote_refs(self, url: str, base: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
        from dulwich.client import HTTPUnauthorized, get_transport_and_path
        from dulwich.errors import NotGitRepository
        from dulwich.porcelain import get_remote_repo

        try:
            _remote, location = get_remote_repo(self.repo, url)
            client, path = get_transport_and_path(location, **kwargs)
        except Exception as exc:
            raise InvalidRemoteSCMRepo(url) from exc

        try:
            if base:
                yield from (
                    os.fsdecode(ref)
                    for ref in client.get_refs(path)
                    if ref.startswith(os.fsencode(base))
                )
            else:
                yield from (os.fsdecode(ref) for ref in client.get_refs(path))
        except NotGitRepository as exc:
            raise InvalidRemoteSCMRepo(url) from exc
        except HTTPUnauthorized:
            raise GitAuthError(url)

    def get_refs_containing(self, rev: str, pattern: Optional[str] = None):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def push_refspec(
        self,
        url: str,
        src: Optional[str],
        dest: str,
        force: bool = False,
        on_diverged: Optional[Callable[[str, str], bool]] = None,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        from dulwich.client import HTTPUnauthorized, get_transport_and_path
        from dulwich.errors import NotGitRepository, SendPackError
        from dulwich.porcelain import (
            DivergedBranches,
            check_diverged,
            get_remote_repo,
        )

        dest_refs, values = self._push_dest_refs(src, dest)

        try:
            _remote, location = get_remote_repo(self.repo, url)
            client, path = get_transport_and_path(location, **kwargs)
        except Exception as exc:
            raise SCMError(
                f"'{url}' is not a valid Git remote or URL"
            ) from exc

        def update_refs(refs):
            from dulwich.objects import ZERO_SHA

            new_refs = {}
            for ref, value in zip(dest_refs, values):
                if ref in refs and value != ZERO_SHA:
                    local_sha = self.repo.refs[ref]
                    remote_sha = refs[ref]
                    try:
                        check_diverged(self.repo, remote_sha, local_sha)
                    except DivergedBranches:
                        if not force:
                            overwrite = False
                            if on_diverged:
                                overwrite = on_diverged(
                                    os.fsdecode(ref), os.fsdecode(remote_sha)
                                )
                            if not overwrite:
                                continue
                new_refs[ref] = value
            return new_refs

        try:
            with Tqdm(
                desc="Pushing git refs", bar_format=self.BAR_FMT_NOTOTAL
            ) as pbar:

                def progress(msg_b):
                    msg = msg_b.decode("ascii").strip()
                    pbar.update_msg(msg)
                    pbar.refresh()
                    logger.trace(msg)

                client.send_pack(
                    path,
                    update_refs,
                    self.repo.object_store.generate_pack_data,
                    progress=progress,
                )
        except (NotGitRepository, SendPackError) as exc:
            raise SCMError("Git failed to push '{src}' to '{url}'") from exc
        except HTTPUnauthorized:
            raise GitAuthError(url)

    def _push_dest_refs(
        self, src: Optional[str], dest: str
    ) -> Tuple[Iterable[bytes], Iterable[bytes]]:
        from dulwich.objects import ZERO_SHA

        if src is not None and src.endswith("/"):
            src_b = os.fsencode(src)
            keys = self.repo.refs.subkeys(src_b)
            values = [self.repo.refs[b"".join([src_b, key])] for key in keys]
            dest_refs = [b"".join([os.fsencode(dest), key]) for key in keys]
        else:
            if src is None:
                values = [ZERO_SHA]
            else:
                values = [self.repo.refs[os.fsencode(src)]]
            dest_refs = [os.fsencode(dest)]
        return dest_refs, values

    def fetch_refspecs(
        self,
        url: str,
        refspecs: Iterable[str],
        force: Optional[bool] = False,
        on_diverged: Optional[Callable[[str, str], bool]] = None,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        from dulwich.client import get_transport_and_path
        from dulwich.objectspec import parse_reftuples
        from dulwich.porcelain import (
            DivergedBranches,
            check_diverged,
            get_remote_repo,
        )

        fetch_refs = []

        def determine_wants(remote_refs):
            fetch_refs.extend(
                parse_reftuples(
                    remote_refs,
                    self.repo.refs,
                    [os.fsencode(refspec) for refspec in refspecs],
                    force=force,
                )
            )
            return [
                remote_refs[lh]
                for (lh, _, _) in fetch_refs
                if remote_refs[lh] not in self.repo.object_store
            ]

        try:
            _remote, location = get_remote_repo(self.repo, url)
            client, path = get_transport_and_path(location, **kwargs)
        except Exception as exc:
            raise SCMError(
                f"'{url}' is not a valid Git remote or URL"
            ) from exc

        with Tqdm(
            desc="Fetching git refs", bar_format=self.BAR_FMT_NOTOTAL
        ) as pbar:

            def progress(msg_b):
                msg = msg_b.decode("ascii").strip()
                pbar.update_msg(msg)
                pbar.refresh()
                logger.trace(msg)

            fetch_result = client.fetch(
                path,
                self.repo,
                progress=progress,
                determine_wants=determine_wants,
            )
        for (lh, rh, _) in fetch_refs:
            try:
                if rh in self.repo.refs:
                    check_diverged(
                        self.repo, self.repo.refs[rh], fetch_result.refs[lh]
                    )
            except DivergedBranches:
                if not force:
                    overwrite = False
                    if on_diverged:
                        overwrite = on_diverged(
                            os.fsdecode(rh), os.fsdecode(fetch_result.refs[lh])
                        )
                    if not overwrite:
                        continue
            self.repo.refs[rh] = fetch_result.refs[lh]

    def _stash_iter(self, ref: str):
        stash = self._get_stash(ref)
        yield from stash.stashes()

    def _stash_push(
        self,
        ref: str,
        message: Optional[str] = None,
        include_untracked: Optional[bool] = False,
    ) -> Tuple[Optional[str], bool]:
        from dulwich.repo import InvalidUserIdentity

        from dvc.scm.git import Stash

        if include_untracked or ref == Stash.DEFAULT_STASH:
            # dulwich stash.push does not support include_untracked and does
            # not touch working tree
            raise NotImplementedError

        stash = self._get_stash(ref)
        message_b = message.encode("utf-8") if message else None
        try:
            rev = stash.push(message=message_b)
        except InvalidUserIdentity as exc:
            raise SCMError(
                "Git username and email must be configured"
            ) from exc
        return os.fsdecode(rev), True

    def _stash_apply(self, rev: str):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def _stash_drop(self, ref: str, index: int):
        from dvc.scm.git import Stash

        if ref == Stash.DEFAULT_STASH:
            raise NotImplementedError

        stash = self._get_stash(ref)
        try:
            stash.drop(index)
        except ValueError as exc:
            raise SCMError("Failed to drop stash entry") from exc

    def describe(
        self,
        rev: str,
        base: Optional[str] = None,
        match: Optional[str] = None,
        exclude: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> Optional[str]:
        if not base:
            base = "refs/tags"
        for ref in self.iter_refs(base=base):
            if (match and not fnmatch.fnmatch(ref, match)) or (
                exclude and fnmatch.fnmatch(ref, exclude)
            ):
                continue
            if self.get_ref(ref, follow=False) == rev:
                return ref
        return None

    def diff(self, rev_a: str, rev_b: str, binary=False) -> str:
        from dulwich.patch import write_tree_diff

        commit_a = self.repo[os.fsencode(rev_a)]
        commit_b = self.repo[os.fsencode(rev_b)]

        buf = BytesIO()
        write_tree_diff(
            buf, self.repo.object_store, commit_a.tree, commit_b.tree
        )
        return buf.getvalue().decode("utf-8")

    def reset(self, hard: bool = False, paths: Iterable[str] = None):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def checkout_index(
        self,
        paths: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
        force: bool = False,
        ours: bool = False,
        theirs: bool = False,
    ):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def status(
        self, ignored: bool = False
    ) -> Tuple[Mapping[str, Iterable[str]], Iterable[str], Iterable[str]]:
        from dulwich.porcelain import status as git_status

        staged, unstaged, untracked = git_status(
            self.root_dir, ignored=ignored
        )
        return (
            {
                status: [os.fsdecode(name) for name in paths]
                for status, paths in staged.items()
                if paths
            },
            [os.fsdecode(name) for name in unstaged],
            [os.fsdecode(name) for name in untracked],
        )

    def _reset(self) -> None:
        self.__dict__.pop("ignore_manager", None)

    def merge(
        self,
        rev: str,
        commit: bool = True,
        msg: Optional[str] = None,
        squash: bool = False,
    ) -> Optional[str]:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def validate_git_remote(self, url: str, **kwargs):
        from dulwich.client import LocalGitClient, get_transport_and_path
        from dulwich.porcelain import get_remote_repo

        try:
            _, location = get_remote_repo(self.repo, url)
            client, path = get_transport_and_path(location, **kwargs)
        except Exception as exc:
            raise InvalidRemoteSCMRepo(url) from exc
        if isinstance(client, LocalGitClient) and not os.path.exists(
            os.path.join("", path)
        ):
            raise InvalidRemoteSCMRepo(url)

    def check_ref_format(self, refname: str):
        from dulwich.refs import check_ref_format

        return check_ref_format(refname.encode())


Ted Olson's Been Brainwashed By His "New Young Democrat Wife"!
Conservatives have been very confused and upset for quite some time now that their former hero Ted Olson not only supported marriage equality but actually became a leading advocate, playing a key role in getting Proposition 8 struck down.
What on earth happened to Olson, George W. Bush's Solicitor General and Federalist Society stalwart, they wondered?
How did Mr. Federalist Society decide it's okay to use the U.S. Constitution to require gay marriage? The New York Times is reporting that his new young Democrat wife may be a key reason.
Lady Olson was more than just a minor behind-the-scenes player in this potentially pivotal case.
Mr. Olson's previous wife, Barbara, was a conservative commentator who was killed on Sept. 11, 2001, when she was on the hijacked plane that crashed into the Pentagon. Some friends hypothesize that Lady Olson just might have softened some of her husband's views.
I think that I'll refrain from further comment.


text:
Parts of Montgomery County and Dayton are still without water service following tornado damage.
Clark, Champaign County rally around Memorial Day tornado victims, as fallout from storms continues
Riley Newton
Richard Wilson, Staff Writer
Clark and Champaign counties are ramping up efforts to help neighboring communities affected by as many as 13 tornadoes that touched down across the region Monday night.
The tornadoes, ranging in strength from EF-0 to EF-3 have been confirmed in Greene, Montgomery, Miami, Darke and Auglaize counties, according to the National Weather Service. Some of the hardest hit communities included Beavercreek, Celina, Dayton, Harrison Twp. and Trotwood.
The Chamber of Greater Springfield collected bottled water for donation Tuesday and into Wednesday afternoon for Dayton tornado victims.
MORE: Tornadoes miss Clark, Champaign counties, cause massive damage elsewhere in Ohio
The Chamber dropped off the water at Mike's Bike Park in Dayton, which is one of the designated water drop-off and pick-up locations for tornado victims in Dayton.
The Chamber wanted to do something to help Dayton residents affected by the tornado, Camaren Sloan, from the Chamber of Greater Springfield, said.
"Dayton is a great city; it's our neighbor," Sloan said. "We want to be as supportive as we can."
The Chamber collected car-loads of bottles of water.
The Urbana Fire Division announced on their Facebook page on Wednesday afternoon that would also be assisting Dayton by providing mutual aid.
"The Urbana Fire Division is providing mutual aid to the City of Dayton by sending a water tanker truck along with two personnel to DFD Station 18 for the day," the post said.
The post goes on to say the city of Dayton has requested help due to the tornadoes affecting their water supply.
Clark County Spokesman Michael Cooper said Clark County has also dispatched five tanker trucks from across the county to provide aid to affected counties.
The Interfaith Hospitality Network in Springfield is also collecting donations for victims. They are seeking the following items; bottled water, cleaning supplies, gas cards, bus passes, gift cards, toiletry items and hygiene products.
Those interested in donating can drop items off at 501 W. High St. in Springfield.
MORE: Tornado relief: How you can help
Water outages continued across parts of Dayton and Montgomery County Wednesday morning as county water officials urged county water customers to conserve water usage.
Dayton city officials said approximately 60,000 city water customers were without water on Wednesday morning.
A boil advisory remained in effect for all of the City of Dayton, Montgomery County and Trotwood water customers Wednesday afternoon.
More patients are also continuing to pour into area hospitals officials with Premier Health which operates Miami Valley Hospital in Dayton said.
Hospitals experienced an increase of patients suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning late Tuesday night and into Wednesday morning. By Wednesday, more than 200 injuries had been reported.
Many illnesses of carbon monoxide poisoning were from people using generators after widespread power outages caused by the tornadoes, according to Sharon Howard, Director of Communications at Premier Health.
Patients suffering other injuries such as broken bones, dehydration and lacerations are also being treated at Dayton-area hospitals. Many of those new injuries were substained by people cleaning up debris, officials from Kettering Health Network and Premier Health said.
As of 2 p.m. on Wednesday, 204 patients at Dayton-area hospitals received or are currently receiving treatment for storm-related injuries, sustained either from the storm or in cleanup efforts, according to officials.
Numbers are expected to increase as additional reports continue coming in.
MORE: Tornado leaves path of destruction in Beavercreek
Dozens of businesses in Beavercreek were affected by Monday's tornado, and the Beavercreek Chamber of Commerce is trying to help them recover.
"The chamber is in recovery mode at this point," said Amanda Byers, president/CEO of the Beavercreek Chamber of Commerce. "We're collecting water, nonperishable food items, hygiene items as well as boxes. We're distributing as we see the need."
Byers said there are sections around the Mall at Fairfield Commons that are still inaccessible. She said the chamber is working to build a list of businesses and properties that were damaged, destroyed or otherwise affected by the storm.
Ohio is having an active year when it comes to tornadoes. On average, Ohio sees 19 tornadoes per year. However, this month alone, Ohio has seen 19 tornadoes, according to the National Weather Service.
Preliminary numbers show 32 tornadoes reported in the state so far this year, four of which touched down in Clark County.
13: Tornadoes now confirmed to have touched down on Memorial Day
1: Person dead in Celina due to tornado
204: Patients that have been or are receiving treatment at Dayton-area hospitals


I absolutely love decorating for the holidays – just about every holiday really. I try to go all out for Christmas because it's my favorite holiday, and I love all the lights and festivity. I make plenty of purchases for my indoor and outdoor decorating, but I always try to add a little of my own DIY Christmas decor. This year, Keith and I teamed up to make a super easy, yet gorgeous reclaimed wood and ribbon star. I'm in love!
I chose a red ribbon for my star because I think it looks very Christmasy, but you could use any ribbon and have this piece be a wall hanging year round. In fact, I may even swap the ribbon out seasonally – it's really that easy. A fun patriotic ribbon for the summer is in order, I think.
You can tailor the size of this wood and ribbon star to fit your space. I have a pretty large empty wall from our recent move, that needed filling, so I went pretty big on my wood planks.
Just as an FYI, you can find these beauties on Etsy, but they truly are easy to make, and quite inexpensive.
1. Cut reclaimed wood into three 24″ pieces and cut 1×2 into two 34″ pieces.
2. Line up the three reclaimed wood pieces, flush on the ends, and turn over so the backside is facing up. Attach the 1×2 pieces onto the backside of reclaimed wood, about 2 inches in from the edges. Secure with drywall screws – 6 screws per 1×2, evenly spaced.
3. Turn wood over and hammer the nails in where you want your star points to be. Only pound in about 1/2″ deep.
4. Leaving out about 18″ of ribbon as a tail, wrap the ribbon around the top nail/star point. Bring down to the bottom right nail and wrap around the nail once and bring up to the top left nail. Wrap around and swing over to the top right nail. Wrap and bring down to the bottom left. Wrap again and bring ribbon back up to the top center nail. Wrap ribbon around the final nail and tie into a bow with the remaining tail.
5. Add wall hanging brackets or wire, to hang on the wall. You're all done!
Beyond The Picket Fence also has a version of this wall hanging.
Absolutely, Becky! I actually didn't see the original on your site, which is why I didn't link to you. Sorry about that.


text:
Advanced Protection Technologies
Receive press releases from Advanced Protection Technologies: By Email RSS Feeds:
Gov. Rick Scott Visits Advanced Protection Technologies, Inc., to Promote Jobs & Economic Growth
Clearwater, FL, October 22, 2011 --(PR.com)-- Governor Scott continued to pitch his 2012 legislative priorities during a morning visit to Advanced Protection Technologies Inc., a company that designs, manufactures and sells surge protective devices. Sales grew 43% in the last year and the manufacturing space expanded by 10,000 square feet. Governor Scott toured the manufacturing plant for about 30 minutes before meeting with a handful of workers, asking them for ideas to create jobs.
Advanced Protection Technologies, Inc. (APT) has been in business in Pinellas County since 1985. What began as a small company of 10 - 15 employees, selling to customers in the Southeast USA, has grown to become a global industry leader with over 100 employees. APT moved to their current Clearwater, Florida location in 1996 with the construction of a 30,000 square foot concrete block facility. In 1999, APT added 11,000 square feet of office and manufacturing space. APT is the industry's largest private label manufacturer of Surge Protective Devices. Current and former private label partners include Siemens Industry, Schneider Electric/Square D and American Power Conversion (APC), as well as a number of smaller, niche market industry leaders.
Realizing that increased production capacity as well as a continued focus on quality is critical to sustaining continued growth, APT embarked on a 10,000 square foot expansion of the manufacturing area and hired additional high-level manufacturing personnel. As a key component to APT's long term growth strategy, the expansion will keep APT at the forefront of an increasingly competitive global marketplace.
APT held a Ribbon Cutting Ceremony on October 5, 2011. The Special Assistant to the Governor was in attendance and was very impressed with APT's work philosophy and overall success despite the current economic downturn. Shortly after the ribbon-cutting, Governor Scott decided to visit APT to promote his economic growth agenda and tour the new 10,000 square foot manufacturing floor expansion. His primary focus during the visit was to spend time with the employees and carefully listen to their concerns. Tracy Wynn has worked at APT for 16 years. She feels Governor Scott can see the company's success and wants others to emulate it. "I really think he's trying to help. He's trying to see this success story, why we've survived so long," said Tracy. Governor Scott answered all questions and outlined his vision for the future of the state. In his comments to reporters, he spoke of his 2012 plan for job growth. "I want to start looking if we can get some temporary permits to get people in business faster," Scott said, "hire people faster, continue the process of reducing regulation."
Tom Chapman, Founder and CEO of APT, issued the following statement at the ribbon cutting ceremony. "We are humbled and very grateful that we are experiencing such exceptional growth in a depressed economy. One of the major reasons is that we have assembled a team that understands and embraces the old-fashioned concept of honesty, integrity and the Golden Rule. We never take for granted that we have been given this opportunity because we live in the greatest nation in the world and, in my opinion, the Tampa Bay Area is the greatest region in our nation. APT was founded and developed with a long-term business philosophy. We have no partners or venture capitalists to answer to nor do we have to succumb to the short-term demands of Wall Street. We are debt-free and have never received any loans, financial grants or industrial revenue bonds from any governmental agency. We love this country and subscribe to the 'Made in America' way of doing business and as long as I am the owner of APT, it will stay that way."
Video coverage from the local news stations can be viewed on Advanced Protection Technologies website at
http://www.aptsurge.com/spotlight.aspx. For more information visit www.aptsurge.com, or call 800.237.4567 in the US and Canada or +1 727.535.6339 International.
Julie Brookins/ Marketing & Communications Manager
Advanced Protection Technologies, Inc.
Tel: 800.237.4567 (US & Canada) +1 727.535.6339 x 243
email: jbrookins@apttvss.com
Julie Brookins
www.aptsurge.com
Click here to view the list of recent Press Releases from Advanced Protection Technologies


text:
Tag: Scott Krinsky
REVIEW: Dave Made a Maze [2017]
"It's bigger than it looks" The premise is silly: stunted artist who's never finished a project in his life finds inspiration through cardboard boxes and their ability to be molded into a literal labyrinth he's already erected virtually inside his mind to ensure he will never fail (or succeed) since such a final verdict only comes with completion. So bogged down in existential dread—and made to endure it while girlfriend Annie (Meera Rohit Kumbhani) is out-of-town for a much-needed reprieve from his slacker-infused excuses—Dave (Nick Thune) allows its weight to…
Action/Adventure, Comedy, Film ReviewsAdam Busch, Bill Watterson, Dave Made a Maze, Frank Caeti, James Urbaniak, John Hennigan, Kirsten Vangsness, Meera Rohit Kumbhani, Nick Thune, Scott Krinsky, Scott Narver, Stephanie Allynne, Steven Sears, Timothy NordwindLeave a comment
REVIEW: Tangerine [2015]
"Los Angeles is a beautifully wrapped lie" 'Twas the night before Christmas and Tinseltown's intersection of Santa Monica and Highland is bustling. A hotbed of sex work and drug use, Sean Baker's unfiltered Tangerine takes us into a world we haven't quite seen on the big screen—especially not from a major distributor like Magnolia Pictures—by following three characters on a mission towards personal joy they know Santa won't be bringing this year. For Sin-Dee (Kitana Kiki Rodriguez) this means the satisfaction of retribution against the boyfriend she learned cheated on…
Comedy, Drama, Film ReviewsAna Foxx, Chelcie Lynn, Chris Bergoch, Ian Edwards, James Ransone, Karren Karagulian, Kitana Kiki Rodriguez, Mickey O'Hagan, Mya Taylor, Scott Krinsky, Sean Baker, Tangerine1 Comment
REVIEW: Transformers: Dark of the Moon [2011]
"You all read 'Humpty Dumpty'" When Transformers came out in 2007, it was all the rage. Nostalgia, explosions, over-the-top summer blockbuster laughs, and even a smidgeon of heart were thrown into Michael Bay's ultimate orgasm of action, sex, and metal. It was fun despite its corniness and therefore left a desire for a sequel, one where we knew all the major players and could watch their continuing saga. But 2009 came and Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen underwhelmed. I still maintain that if liking one means liking the other because…
Action/Adventure, Film Reviews, Science FictionAlan Tudyk, Alex Kurtzman, Bill O'Reilly, Buzz Aldren, Chuck, Ehren Kruger, Frances McDormand, Hugo Weaving, Jamie Foxx, John Malkovich, John Turturro, Julie White, Ken Jeong, Kevin Dunn, Leonard Nimoy, Megan Fox, Michael Bay, Patrick Dempsey, Peter Cullen, Predator, Roberto Orci, Rosie Huntington-Whiteley, Scott Krinsky, Shia LaBeouf, Tom Virtue, Transformers, Transformers: Dark of the Moon, Transformers: Revenge of the FallenLeave a comment


Thank for visiting my profile,.
Looking for suitable partner rest will update later!!
I have a middle class family background with liberal values. My father is a working professional while my mother is a homemaker. I have one brother, who is married.


text:
Home > CHHS > 1269
United states supreme court decisions summary
John T. Pardeck, Missouri State University
This summary of United States Supreme Court decisions offers social workers and other human services professionals information on the impact that these decisions have on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Each court decision is noted followed by the question presented, the holding, and the implication of the decision. The reader will observe that a number of these decisions have restricted the impact of the ADA. © 2002, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
https://doi.org/10.1300/J198v01n04_06
ADA, Americans with disabilities act, National council on disability, NCD, Professional understanding of ADA, United states supreme court decisions
Pardeck, John T. "United States Supreme Court Decisions Summary." Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation 1, no. 4 (2002): 75-82.
Journal of Social Work in Disability and Rehabilitation


WHEAT RIDGE, Colo. -- The owners of Larson's Ski and Sport have been told a frontage road will be built through the middle of the store. Yes, a frontage road.
It's all part of planned road makeover at I-70 and Kipling.
For nearly 30 years, the store has been a favorite for skiers heading to the mountains.
Customer Lorin Crandall said, "I would go wherever they go. You could go up over the pass and I'd go to Larson's."
Owner John Marriott said, "There's plenty of it that gives me dramatic anxiety. Trust me. Imagine your whole livelihood that what you've done for such a long time is under threat."
The building must be torn down at some point to make way to improve an intersections drivers say is a nightmare to drive.
Even the guys At Larsons say - the expansion is needed.
Shawn Francisco said, "I would not like to have to sit in traffic for two hours everyday - it's brutal - back and forth every day of the week."
Larson's now finds itself in limbo, not knowing when CDOT will acquire property, but there are bigger worries.
Marriott the owner says, "Of course the worse case scenario is we may have no satisfactory relocation available to us and if that's the case we may very well be out of business."
For now, Larson's continues to do well, just as it has in the past.
The question now is how long will it keep going before a hometown favorite if forced to pack up and move.


Will my iPhone 6 case fit the iPhone 6s?
The iPhone 6s has the same form factor as its predecessor the iPhone 6, except that it is 0.01 inches thicker and wider. This increase is so minor that it should not affect cases, but just to be sure you may want to check with the manufacturer. For example, Speck announced on its Facebook page that all its iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus cases fit the next generation s-devices.
How much RAM does the iPhone 6s have?
How can I jailbreak the iPhone 6s?
Does the iPhone 6s have the same size / design as the iPhone 6?
How long is the iPhone 6s battery life?


Naked Girls Want You to SUBMIT!
Submit your work to our Fourth Annaul Naked Girls Reading Literary Honors contest and you could win one of the most coveted awards in writing. And to answer your question, no, you don't have to write it naked…but it may help.
The submission period begins on March 16th, 2013 (DEADLINE IS SEPTEMBER 1ST, 20130. CLICK HERE for information and rules for the contest. The winner will be announced during National Writer's Month in November. As always, cash and undying admiration from a bevy of beautiful naked girls will be awarded.
Previous LIVE NAKED GIRLS in a City Near You!
Next Welcome to the Brand New Site!


text:
Irish Rugby Football Union (irl. Cumann Rugbaí na hÉireann) – związek sportowy, działający na terenie Irlandii i Irlandii Północnej, posiadający osobowość prawną, będący jedynym prawnym reprezentantem irlandzkiego rugby 15-osobowego i 7-osobowego, zarówno wśród mężczyzn, jak i kobiet we wszystkich kategoriach wiekowych w kraju i za granicą. Członek World Rugby i Rugby Europe.

Odpowiedzialny jest za promocję tego sportu, prowadzenie irlandzkich drużyn narodowych, a także za szkolenie zawodników oraz organizowanie krajowych rozgrywek ligowych i pucharowych. Organizowanie wewnątrzregionalnych rozgrywek należy natomiast do czterech prowincjonalnych związków rugby. IRFU jest organizacją uznawaną przez Komitet Olimpijski Irlandii.

Historia
Pierwszy klub rugby – szczycący się również mianem najstarszego klubu na świecie, Dublin University Football Club z Trinity College w Dublinie – powstał na terenie Irlandii w 1854 roku. W ciągu kolejnego dwudziestolecia założono kolejne, powstała więc konieczność zorganizowania ich związku. W latach 1874–1879 istniały obok siebie dwa takowe – Northern Football Union of Ireland kontrolujący obszar Belfastu oraz Irish Football Union, w którego jurysdykcji znajdowały się Leinster, Munster i część Ulsteru. Połączyły się one w 1879 roku tworząc dla całej wyspy zarządzany przez osiemnastoosobową radę Irish Rugby Football Union z regionalnymi związkami w Leinster, Munster i Ulsterze. W 1885 roku stowarzyszonych było dwadzieścia sześć klubów – dziesięć w Ulsterze, dziewięć w Leinster i siedem w Munster. Rok później powstał zaś regionalny związek w Connacht.

W 1886 roku wraz ze związkami ze Szkocji i Walii utworzył International Rugby Football Board, zarządzającą tym sportem i ustalającą zasady gry. W 1999 roku przystąpił do FIRA-AER.

IRFU jest właścicielem Ravenhill Stadium, Thomond Park oraz dzierżawionych klubom stadionów na terenie całego kraju, a także współwłaścicielem Aviva Stadium powstałego na miejscu Lansdowne Road.

Prowincjalne związki
 Connacht Rugby
 Leinster Rugby
 Munster Rugby
 Ulster Rugby

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne
 Oficjalna strona związku
 Irish Rugby Football Union – World Rugby

Irlandzkie organizacje sportowe
Rugby union w Irlandii
Irlandia


text:
Casey Patrick Biggs (Toledo, 4 april 1955) is een Amerikaans acteur.

Biografie
Biggs werd geboren in Toledo en doorliep daar de high school aan de Central Catholic High School. Tijdens zijn schooltijd besloot hij al om acteur te worden. hij haalde in 1977 zijn bachelor of fine arts aan de Juilliard School in New York.

Biggs was in het verleden getrouwd met Roxann Dawson, hij is in 2004 weer opnieuw getrouwd.

Filmografie

Films
Uitgezonderd korte films.
2022 Amsterdam - als Augustus Vandenheuvel
2020 Unbelievable!!!!! - als rechercheur Dan Marr
2017 Sweet Parents - als Oscar
2014 Half Brother - als Robert
2012 Othello - als de Duke
2011 Too Big to Fail – als Dick Kovacevich
2009 InSearchOf – als Dr. Tim Pierson
2007 TV Virus – als Jed
2002 Dragonfly – als Neil Darrow
2001 Just Ask My Children – als Michael Snedeker
2000 Ali: An American Hero – als ??
2000 Auggie Rose – als Carl
1998 Thirst – als burgemeester Harold Warren
1997 Two Voices – als Joshua Norton
1997 Shadow Conspiracy – als Stokes
1996 The Last Chance Detectives: Escape from Fire Lake – als vader
1996 Broken Arrow – als Novacek
1996 A Promise to Carolyn – als Travis Colton
1994 The Last Chance Detectives: Mystery Lights of Navajo Mesa – als vader
1994 One Woman's Courage – als Barry Cameron
1993 The Pelican Brief – als Eric East
1991 Line of Fire: The Morris Dees Story – als Lee
1990 Appearances – als Harry Trace
1980 Brave New World – als beveiliger Beta Lighthouse
1978 Death Drug – als Melvin
1978 The Beast Are on the Streets – als Rick
1978 The Great Wallendas – als Gene Hallow

Televisieseries
Uitgezonderd eenmalige gastrollen.
2018 General Hospital - als dr. Kurt Lasaris - 2 afl.
2012 Shameless – als David – 2 afl.
2005 Inconceivable – als Dan Lindstrom – 2 afl.
1999 Snoops – als Gary Marlowe – 2 afl.
1998-1999 Legacy – als John Turner – 10 afl.
1996-1999 Star Trek: Deep Space Nine – als Damar / Dr. Wykoff – 23 afl.
1991 Stat – als Dr. Lewis Donger – 2 afl.
1990 General Hospital – als Chad Wainwright - ? afl.
1989 Matlock – als Ernie D'Amato – 2 afl.
1989 Ryan's Hope – als Fenno Moore – 3 afl.
1978-1979 Flying High – als Dale – 3 afl.

Amerikaans filmacteur
Amerikaans televisieacteur


text:
Le jinghpo (ou kachin) est une langue tibéto-birmane appartenant à la sous-famille jinghpo-bodo-konyak (kachinique). C'est une langue à tons. L'ethnie Jingpo, ou Kachin (ka khrang en birman) est écartelée entre le Yunnan en Chine, l'état Kachin de la Birmanie et la Thaïlande. Elle contient outre les locuteurs du jinghpo, des locuteurs de langues lolo-birmanes ayant adopté la structure sociale des Jinghpo.

Les Turung de l'Assam en Inde parlent un dialecte jingpho mêlé de mots tai le singpho.

La langue jinghpo a une morphologie verbale qui marque le sujet et l'objet  dans la conjugaison. Voici un exemple de paradigme verbal intransitif (les tons ne sont pas marqués), le verbe « être »  rai  :

Bibliographie
 Site web en jinghpo
 景颇语-汉语词典 Dictionaire Jinghpo-chinois, 戴庆夏 Dai Qingxia et al. ;
 景颇语语法 Grammaire du Jinghpo, 戴庆夏 Dai Qingxia et al. ;
 Structures élémentaires de la parenté, de Claude Lévi-Strauss, consacre un chapitre à l'étude de la parenté de l'ethnie Jinghpo.

Voir aussi

Liens internes
 linguistique
 liste de langues
 langues par famille
 langues sino-tibétaines
 langues tibéto-birmanes

Liens externes

Langue en Birmanie
Langue dans la province du Yunnan
Langue en Inde
Langue tibéto-birmane
Inventaire de langues
Jingpo


text:
Q: How to set providers for annotations used inside the constructor? Consider the following class structure
@Component({selector: 'myComp', template: '

'})

export class MyComp {

//Variables...

constructor( @Inject(ElementRef) private elementRef: ElementRef,
@Attribute('highlight') private highlight: string) { }

//Methods ...

Now in other class or in unit test's describe block I need to set provider for injecting this class.
In my unit test I have
beforeEachProviders(() => [MyComp, ElementRef ,Attribute ]);

Which is incorrect, I need to know what's the correct way to provide ElementRef and @Attribute to make it work.
Error I was facing is
Error: No provider for @Attribute(highlight)! (MyComp-> @Attribute(highlight))
    Error: DI Exception

Edit: attribute 'highlight' is a boolean attribute.

A: import {addProviders, inject, TestComponentBuilder} from '@angular/core/testing';

describe('my code', () => {
  beforeEach(() => {
    //addProviders([MyService]);
  });

  it('does stuff', inject([TestComponentBuilder, MyService], (tcb, service) => {
    tcb.overrideProviders({provide: ElementRef, useClass: MockElementRef})
    .createAsync(ExternalTemplateComp).then((componentFixture) => {
  });
});

I don't know a way to provide an @Attribute() dependency.
See https://stackoverflow.com/a/38496290/217408 for a workaround.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


With over 40 years experience in the material handling industry, Cisco-Eagle know storage rack and rack systems. No matter the size of the job, we handle projects ranging from full warehouse pallet rack systems to heavy duty sheet metal storage and pipe or other long item storage applications for cantilever racking. Call today for fast assistance.


John White Stables, Woodstock, Illinois. 815 likes | 21 talking about this | 315 were here. Welcome to the John White Stables Official Facebook Page!. .
All are welcome to Attend our First In House Barn Show / Holiday Party on December 7th 2014.The barn show will star, t at 10:00 A.M. followed by the Holiday Party star, ting at 1:00 P.M.
Who is excited for the new barn?
Even the horses are feeling the love for the new barn!
We are SO excited with the progress of the new barn!
Congratulations to Stephanie Reitter and Premonition GA for going Region X Top Five in the H/A English Pleasure AAOTR today! Great job!
Congratulations to Zach and August Engine on winning the Region 10 PB Country Pleasure JTR Championship out of 17,to Khristina for going Reserve Champion in the H/A Country Pleasure ATR Select with Raven About Palooza, and to Lisa for going top five in the H/A Country Pleasure Jr Horse with Rhythmn Nation!!! Great star, t to the show, we are looking forward to the rest of the week!
Good luck to Stephanie,Khristina,Zach,Rex and Lisa at the star, t of the Region 10 Pre Show in Minnesota today!!!
Good luck to Katy Camacho at the US Saddle Seat World Cup team selection trials this weekend at William Woods University in Fulton,MO. We know you will make us proud!!!
Congratulations to Lisa Jo White for winning the Arabian Horse Times Instructor of the Year award for THREE consectuve years! We are extremely proud to have you leading us every step of the way!
Congratulations to all our JWS today at the Merriehill Winter Showdown! Good job- we are looking forward to the next one!
Lisa Jo White is an amazing trainer. She is wonderful with young beginner riders all the way up to the best of the best! Proud to be part of her amazing new facility and team!!!
Beautiful facility. just around the corner from our property.have watched the entire "unveiling" on this gorgeous facility from the ground up. Just beautiful. love the fencing.love the barn. just beautiful!!!.


text:
Rai Bahadur Sir Hariram Goenka CIE (3 June 1862 – 28 February 1935) was a noted businessman from Calcutta. His father Ramchandra Goenka was from a Marwari family which hailed from Dundlod in Rajputana. Hariram was one of the scion of original Goenka group, which he founded with his younger brothers, Sir Badridas Goenka and Ghanshyam Das Goenka of which the current R P Goenka group is one of the spun-off branch. He was first person from Marwari community to be knighted.He was sole agent for many British houses like Rallis Brothers apart from leading broker for many textile and jute mills

In later years of his life, he along with his brothers bought Hukumchand Jute Mills form Seth Hukumchand to start their entry as mill owners from agents and family later expanded into other businesses varied as steel tea to power plants. His statue stands at Curzon Park and there is street named after him, Hariram Goenka Street located in Burrabazar in Kolkata.

References

1862 births
1935 deaths
People from Kolkata
Knights Bachelor
Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
Rai Bahadurs
Indian businesspeople in textiles


830 Bay Boulevard | Carleton Management, Inc.
830 Bay Boulevard, situated along the I-5 corridor in South Bay adjacent to the new Chula Vista Bayfront, was developed in 2005 by Carleton Management as a 30,046 square foot concrete tilt-up, build-to-suit industrial building with approximately 8,000 square feet of administrative and sales offices. It served as a manufacturing and sales facility until 2011.
In 2011, Carleton worked with the City of Chula Vista and successfully completed an adaptive re-use of the existing 28,000 warehouse, now home of the Sharks, Bayfront Charter High School, an academy for college and career pathways, and an extension of Mueller Elementary Charter School.
The adaptive re-use of this new high school facility from cold shell included the use of natural lighting through the installation of dimmable solatubes, interesting and colorful high, open ceilings, an amphitheater, classrooms, student library and administrative offices, and an open exercise yard in a location of the site formerly used for storage.