text:
Constant Contact How Long Can The Email Be
Constant Contact have actually remained in the email advertising and marketing video game considering that 1995. Throughout that time, they've handled to become one of the most pre-owned e-mail tools on the planet, after Mailchimp.
Something I discovered is that Constant Contact is really commonly the leading selection for several various other evaluation sites. Naturally, I wonder to see if our detailed analysis generates the very same result.
You may have looked into the Constant Contact reviews provided by users online, also, and whilst they are quite favorable, they might not provide you the whole picture. Our evaluation of Constant Contact is based upon a systematic strategy as well as uses our sensible experience and also understanding of lots of various other basic and advanced advertising and marketing automation tools.
What makes them unique is that they've added a number of features for many years that few of their competitors sporting activity, such as electronic item downloads, occasion management, visit scheduling and social campaigns. These all add to the diverse listing of e-mail alternatives available, along with automations and also reoccuring newsletters.
Constant Contact boast a industry with around 400 applications and combinations that accommodate also one of the most niche of products. Regardless of these fancy numbers and features, rate of interest in Constant Contact seems to be on the decline, at least according to Google Trends. Sufficient reason for us to take a more detailed look at Constant Contact's ins & outs and inspect if it's still pertinent in the 21st century.
Constant Contact is directed towards small companies, yet their rates aren't the most budget-friendly, specifically when you consider that their features simply aren't that advanced. Strategies start from $9.99/ month, yet this only enables 500 subscribers, and also rates climb rather greatly afterwards.
Try Constant Contact totally free
> Compare rates with our expense calculator
> Find out more about Constant Contact's plans in our full prices overview
Constant Contact is rather unique in this regard, being one of the few e-mail marketing tools to allow you to take care of occasion registrations, tickets, and invites . Keep in mind that this feature features its very own fees: 5.4% + $0.80 for every ticket offered or transaction conducted.
Surprisingly, for the premium it charges, Constant Contact doesn't offer one of the most sophisticated automations. While they do use triggered campaigns, autoresponders as well as deserted cart projects (for Shopify only), you'll discover that other much less expensive devices supply similar levels of automation– MailerLite and Sendinblue.
Typically it's simple to browse, though a bit dull-looking. You can get to most locations within a couple of clicks, though as they've added a lot more performance, some things have come to be a little hidden, for example, automations.
The editor is fast, however light on attributes, especially in the designing division. Aside from that it's very easy to collaborate with.
This is very fundamental, just allowing you to insert basic introductions or contact information. There is no if/then/else reasoning available.
Traditional, autoresponders, basic automations, recurring e-newsletters, A/B screening, event enrollments, promo codes, polls and surveys .
Not negative. You can additionally start from scrape, as well as use a handy function called 'Brand your email' to auto-generate a template based on your web site's colors and logo design.
They offer autoresponders as well as deserted cart campaigns for Shopify as well as WooCommerce. It additionally produces pre-defined call segments based upon your consumers' communications with your on the internet shop (e.g. repeat, lapsed as well as potential clients). Automations based upon call triggers (e.g. email opens, clicks) are additionally readily available. It's worth keeping in mind that the automations aren't the most versatile, as you can not really incorporate conditions and also activities as you can in numerous other tools.
You can produce sectors from contact task, listing subscription, call information, tags, or ecommerce task. You can also produce a sector from your get in touch with insights and tag get in touches with based upon call area criteria.
Enrollment Forms/ Opt-in & Opt-out- Process
There is beside no modification with the form, as well as it simply offers a description box, fundamental field choices (which you can not add to) and then a list, or checklists, that individuals can examine to be added to.
As you can see in our deliverability examinations, Constant Contact does not execute too badly, reaching the most prominent email providers (AOL, Gmail, Yahoo, as well as Outlook) most of the time.
Records as well as Analysis
In addition to common open and click records, spam, bounce and unsubscribe prices are also available. You likewise get click heat maps, and also some beneficial review reports such as open as well as click trends, opens up by tool, % of contacts engaged, and also most effective subject line.
The site as well as the tool are only offered in English. You can choose to transform some of the non-editable e-mail sections (e.g. footer and personal privacy policy message) to one of 10 languages available, primarily European.
Spam screening isn't readily available, nonetheless, there is a attribute to inspect the e-mail for errors (missing links, placeholder message that hasn't been upgraded, etc). There's likewise a tool that allows you to preview how e-mails will seek particular receivers, although this really did not appear to work when we tested it out. 'Inbox Preview' by Litmus is offered as an add-on solution, although at $10/month for simply 5 tests, it's a little steep.
Soft bounces are positioned on short-term hold for 15 days, and then dislike. They are moved right into a suspended bounce group if it happens once again. They have a ' suggested for elimination' filter available to check out these, yet do not eliminate them instantly.
Import/export readily available although it's not as uncomplicated as it could be– you require to first make it possible for sophisticated e-mail approvals under Account Settings.
Storage offered for information as well as photos
All strategies come with endless storage.
Different levels of account gain access to
The Account Owner can also appoint duties to be either an Account Manager or a Campaign Creator.
Constant Contact use a huge quantity of integrations and also apps , almost 400.
This is only readily available using their type builder, and it's very fundamental. Instead, we would certainly suggest these totally free landing page contractors.
There are several channels of assistance, consisting of online chat, phone support, a data base and also community-based support. I found that the conversation as well as phone assistance weren't constantly readily available, which was a little frustrating. When I had the ability to get hold of conversation assistance, however, I did locate them to be responsive as well as valuable . Keep in mind that you'll need to call order to terminate your subscription, which is pretty irritating.
For a basic e-mail tool, Constant Contact ticks a lot of the boxes. The main issue right here, however, is that they're asking a premium price for a sub-premium item.
As Constant Contact themselves state via their site, they are a device for local business. As well as, thus, it's worth assessing them on these terms. As stated above, they definitely have enough of the essentials covered to satisfy most local business, and if it were as straightforward as that then we 'd suggest them a lot more extremely.
The issue, these days, is that there are lots of various other e-mail tools offering much more than Constant Contact, and also for a whole lot much less money. This includes not only features, however also user experience. For the quantity you pay with Constant Contact, you can discover on your own utilizing a lot extra effective devices such as ActiveCampaign and GetResponse.
And with current enhancements to automations and reporting, and the enhancement of new functions like a website contractor, it does look like they're making an initiative to enhance the product. Their absence of sophisticated attributes makes it difficult to advise them over others at this cost point.
So, there you have it: the next time you see Constant Contact as the number 1 ranked service anywhere around the internet, I would frankly assert that there may be other interests at play there.
Attempt Constant Contact now free of cost for 30 days.
ActiveCampaign has one of the most advanced automation systems we've ever attempted, as well as it can't be compared to Constant Contact's simplistic strategy (it just features autoresponders). They also use durable reports and also evaluation tools. In addition to that, they are also less costly than Constant Contact.
Sendinblue is just one of the least expensive all-in-one email advertising devices on the market. It's available in 6 languages and comes with sophisticated automation options as well as a built-in CRM.
GetResponse is a solid choice. It features several sophisticated attributes (e.g. a webinar device), supplies as well as has exceptional automations among the very best spam and layout testing tools we've ever used. That's why Constant Contact fails when contrasted to GetResponse.
We have a thorough overview with the most effective options to Constant Contact, check it out right here. You can likewise check out our Smart Finder to see which newsletter solution is best matched to you.
Mailchimp beats Constant Contact pass on. Take a look at our Mailchimp vs Constant Contact comparison if you 'd such as to obtain into the information.
Constant Contact, in partnership with SharpSpring, offers an all-in-one CRM system. Nonetheless, at $399/month, you 'd be better off having a look at any of these CRMs for small businesses, which will be even more budget-friendly. There are even lots of exceptional free CRMs to pick from.
Frustratingly, you'll need to call Constant Contact within organization hours Eastern time in order to cancel your account. Here is the number for the United States and Canada: 855-229-5506.
Constant Contact is a legitimate email advertising software for small businesses. It securely shops your consumer information as well as uses a secure way to manage your customers.
Constant Contact's deliverability rates are regularly good in our bi-annual deliverability examinations.
Regardless of these flashy numbers as well as functions, rate of interest in Constant Contact appears to be on the decline, at the very least according to Google Trends. As Constant Contact themselves restate via their website, they are a device for tiny services. The issue, these days, is that there are plenty of various other e-mail tools offering even more than Constant Contact, and for a lot less money. For the quantity you pay with Constant Contact, you could discover on your own making use of much a lot more powerful tools such as ActiveCampaign and also GetResponse.
ActiveCampaign has one of the most sophisticated automation systems we've ever before tried, as well as it can't be compared to Constant Contact's simplified technique (it just includes autoresponders).
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Q: Create a view with JOIN, not working since other table have just few matches I have a core table named users, with a list of users.
some of those users, have a record in a table named tracker.
I want to view the users table, and add to it a column named last_call from tracker, so it will be NULL if the user does not exist in tracker, and if it does, it will show the value.
So the first step is to create a JOIN. I read here I should use LEFT OUTER JOIN, but it did not solve my problem. the below query returns only records for which the user exists on the tracker table. if user records doesn't exist, the user is missing from the results.
SELECT u.*, fq.last_call FROM tracker fq LEFT OUTER JOIN users u ON u.id = fq.user_id

A: You simply have the tables backwards.  If you want all rows in users, then it should be the first table in the LEFT JOIN:
SELECT u.*, fq.last_call
FROM users u LEFT JOIN
     tracker fq
     ON u.id = fq.user_id;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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A world in protest
The global demonstrations of 2011 both highlight the reality of economic system-failure and reveal its linkage to the crisis of resource constraints. The result is a measure of the scale of change needed over coming decades.
The authorities are undertaking a legal and judicial counter-offensive against the "occupy" camps that have sprung up in central locations in New York and London. But scores of camps remain across north America and western Europe, part of a diffuse and dispersed phenomenon that has acquired a life of its own within a few short weeks.
These protests echo others earlier in 2011, including the turbulent actions in Greece and the extensive mobilisations in Spain (see "A time of riot: England and the world", 11 August 2011). They also connect with developments elsewhere: the mass student demonstrations in Chile that moved from opposition to a failing education system to a much wider campaign against marginalisation, and the protests by middle-class Israelis against their more restricted life-chances (albeit such conditions are still far outranked by the great poverty in the nearby occupied territories, notably Gaza).
This upsurge of demonstrations is largely a response to the renewed economic crisis and to the enduring spectacle of financial institutions paying huge salaries and even larger bonuses to their elites while the majority of populations bear the brunt of government-imposed cuts. More broadly it recalls the large-scale anti-globalisation movement of the late 1990s, not least around the Seattle (1999) and Genoa (2001) summits. This movement receded after 9/11 and the launch of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq - but it has now returned, albeit in a different guise, as a result of the accumulating economic crises of 2007-11.
The double problem
These protests, demonstrations and movements may well be sustained or they may (at least in the short term) recede. Yet in a global perspective they reflect two processes that lend them deep importance.
The first, and an extraordinary aspect of the last few months in particular, is the growing acceptance that free-market capitalism simply is not working. This outlook has permeated the consciousness even of traditional economists - a marked contrast to the "end of history" era of the early 1990s, when the Soviet centrally-planned system had been consigned to the dustbin of history, the Washington consensus was "freeing" countries in the global south from the supposed rigidities and inertia of a mixed economy, China was embracing the market, and "turbo-capitalism" was the order of the day.
The assumption took root then that free-market capitalism was the only way forward, and anyone who thought or said otherwise was either deeply misguided or even malign. Yet the reality has failed to live up to the claim: in 1980-2010, overall international economic growth was lower than it had been in 1950-80, and (far more important) the later model has greatly increased the world's socioeconomic divide, with 20% of the world's people now owning 84% of household wealth (and the richest 1% alone reported to have more than 20%).
The second process runs in parallel: the huge if relative improvements in education, literacy and communications across the majority world of the global south, which ensure that far more people are aware of their own marginalisation. This phenomenon, detailed in many past columns in this series, has already resulted in radical and sometimes violent social movements, not least the Maoists in Nepal and the Naxalites in India, as well as the persistent (and under-reported) problems of social unrest in China(see "China and India: heartlands of global protest", 7 August 2008).
The Arab awakening of 2011 can be viewed in this light. The triggers of the phenomenon may include opposition to stultifying autocracies, but a further key factor is the demographic bulge of educated and knowledgeable young people with few job prospects. Some estimates, for example, suggest that Tunisia has 140,000 unemployed graduates amid its population of just over 10 million.
The underlying trend of a widening global divide was ignored by economists until 2007-08, amid widespread belief that overall growth at a reasonably sustained level would diminish any dangers. The onset of major financial crisis made that extremely doubtful, as bottomless debts from a variety of mechanisms - sub-prime mortgages, credit default swaps, collateral debt obligations - came close to bringing large parts of the western banking system to collapse.
After the initial patchwork response, an illusion took hold in the 2008-10 period that "business as usual" was returning. This has now disappeared as a full-scale slump begins to look probable. Even orthodox economic analysts are realising that unfettered and largely unregulated free-market capitalism is fundamentally unsustainable, and that basic rethinking of how the global economy is allowed to develop is essential.
The system fix
An even larger reality overhangs these developments, one that may appear unconnected to them yet is in fact central: namely, global environmental constraints, especially climate change. The dominant model of free-market capitalism seems even less able to respond to these "external" constraints than to its own "internal" systemic problems.
If there is a saving grace here, it is that the economic crisis is unfolding some years ahead of the moment when the full and unavoidable impact of the environmental limits to growth hits. In turn, however, the implication is that essential economic reform must be truly radical - capable of addressing both the fundamental inequities and the evolving constraints. This "double problem" requires over the next two or three decades a readiness to change that matches its scale and depth.
In this respect, the "occupy" demonstrations and the many other responses to the financial crisis draw timely attention to the woeful inadequacy of the current economic system - timely, because they are giving voice to this truth before the system faces up to the epic challenge of a constrained world system. By doing so, they might make it a little more likely that real change will indeed come before it is too late. The protesters in their tents may be doing everyone a much bigger favour than they, or we, appreciate.
A time of riot: England and the world
Written by: Paul Rogers All articles by: Paul Rogers
A world in flux: crisis to agency
A world in breakdown
A world in revolt
A world in the balance
A world in need: the case for sustainable security
A world in hunger: east Africa and beyond
A world in movement: prospects for 2011
Written by: Mariano Aguirre All articles by: Mariano Aguirre
Every casualty: the human face of war
democracy & power
politics of protest

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Bill Kenworthy
William Jennings Kenworthy ("The Iron Duke", "Kopecs")
Bats Right, Throws Right
Debut August 28, 1912
Final Game May 8, 1917
Born July 4, 1886 in Cambridge, OH USA
Died September 21, 1950 at sea near Eureka, CA USA
Bill Kenworthy was a popular player and manager in the Pacific Coast League from the mid-teens through the mid-twenties, where he was known as "The Iron Duke", and was a star of the short-lived Federal League in 1914 and 1915. He is noted in some baseball encyclopedias as "Duke" Kenworthy, but never used that nickname during his major league play.
Kenworthy started his professional career as a pitcher, but his hitting was good enough to merit a conversion to outfield play within five years, and his fielding skills caused him to be moved to second base the next season. His career began in 1907, pitching for Beaver Falls in the Western Pennsylvania League and in East Liverpool of the POM League. He moved up to the Zanesville Infants of the Central League the next season, and won 17, 24, and 22 games, respectively, in the 1908, 1909, and 1910 seasons. Becoming a part-time pitcher and part-time outfielder in 1911, he fashioned a 9-3 won-lost record while hitting .315 with the Western League champion Denver that won 111 games. Playing in Denver again in 1912, he hit .335 as a full-time outfielder and had a brief tryout with the Washington Senators that season, his first game coming in the game in which Walter Johnson's 16-game winning streak was officially stopped.
He played for Sacramento in the PCL in 1913, but jumped to Kansas City of the Federal League in 1914. That season, known occasionally by the nickname of "Judge Kenworthy" (a reference to the post-game "kangaroo court" held by the team after victories), he finished sixth in BA (.317), fifth in RBI (91), fifth in stolen bases (27), fourth in runs scored (93), third in SLG (.525), third in doubles (40), third in triples (14), and second in home runs (15), taking advantage of the 260 foot left field fence of Kansas City's bandbox ballpark. When the ballpark was reconfigured in the off-season following flood damage, Kenworthy's home run numbers declined precipitously, and a mid-season injury cost him enough playing time to keep him off the leader boards in 1915.
Following the Feds' disbanding, Kenworthy returned to the PCL in 1916, playing for Oakland, leading the league with a .314 batting average. Following the season, Kenworthy was named as part of an All-Star team that traveled to Hawaii for games. They played a number of games there against the all-black Twenty-Fifth Infantry Wreckers. Kenworthy faced Wreckers pitcher Wilber Rogan in four games, going six-for-sixteen (.375) against the future Hall of Fame Negro Leaguer.
Kenworthy began the 1917 season with the St. Louis Browns, but played only five games as a defensive replacement and pinch-hitter before being released and signed by Los Angeles in the PCL. As did many players during World War I, he missed the entire 1918 season, working instead in a San Francisco shipbuilding plant in lieu of being drafted. He returned to Los Angeles in 1919, but was traded to Seattle in the midst of his worst offensive season since converting from pitching, hitting only .227.
Kenworthy bounced back in 1920, hitting .313 for Seattle and hitting a career-high .346 in 1921. He was named manager in that latter season, but was involved in a controversy when the Portland team tried to sign him after the 1921 season. Seattle owner William H. ("Bill") Klepper was forced out near the end of the 1921 season, and as one of his last acts gave Kenworthy his release as a player and manager. Klepper then bought into the Portland team and promptly hired Kenworthy as his new manager.
Judge Kenesaw Landis investigated the transaction for improprieties, and suspended Kenworthy before the season began, pending further investigation. During the off-season, the Beavers traded Marty Krug to Seattle in exchange for Kenworthy's contract, hoping to ease the matter. Less than two weeks into the season, Landis again indefinitely suspended Kenworthy. Following Landis' investigation (his first involving a minor league issue), Klepper and Portland vice-president James Brewster were both declared ineligible to participate in PCL business, being allowed only to run the business aspects of their team. Klepper and Brewster both appealed Landis' decision unsuccessfully, but were still able to clandestinely continue to run the club as always.
Kenworthy, however, was effectively suspended from Organized Baseball for the remainder of the season, and from the PCL for the 1922 and 1923 seasons. He returned to baseball in 1923, managing the Columbus Senators in the American Association, and was eventually allowed to return to the PCL and manage Portland in 1924. During that season, he was involved in a fist fight with two San Francisco players, Dee Walsh and Eddie Mulligan, that made headlines and resulted in suspension.
After his playing career, he settled in Oakland, California, where he was a coach for the Oakland Oaks in the late 1930s and then was baseball coach for St. Mary's College in Moraga, CA until his death by drowning in 1950.
Sources[edit]
Kansas City Star-Times
Honolulu Pacific Commercial Advertiser
Unions to Royals: the story of professional baseball in Kansas City, SABR, 1996
The Federal League of 1914-1915: baseball's third major league, Marc Okkonen, SABR, 1989
SABR Minor League Database
Retrieved from "https://www.baseball-reference.com/bpv/index.php?title=Bill_Kenworthy&oldid=1067418"
Minor League Managers
Minor League Coaches
War Plant Workers


I recently ran across a company called CanvasPop.com, they offer custom art printing of your own photos on an art quality gallery wrapped canvas. Photos of your car, truck, or motorcycle can now be printed in a range of sizes and the quality is amazing.
I had one of my photos from El Mirage recently printed by CanvasPop.com and results were awesome. These also make a great gift, to surprise the car/motorcycle enthusiasts in your life. You, of course, can print any image, so wedding photos, travel memories, or pictures of the kids can also be printed to create unique artwork for your home or office. To make it easy you can even upload images directly from your Facebook or Instagram accounts.
With prices ranging from $33 for an 8X8 inch print to $464 for a 76X38 inch print, there is a range of size options to fit any space and budget. Check out more HERE.


Celestial Seasonings was founded more than 40 years ago with one goal: to provide delicious, high quality teas that are good for their customers and good for the world. Celestial artfully combines many different herbs, spices, botanicals and other ingredients to make their teas. Each tea is distinct due to herbal and flower infusions. Celestial blends over 100 natural herbs, teas, spices and botanicals from over 35 countries—from Egyptian chamomile to Oregon peppermint, and everything in between.
Combines a burst of cherry and berry flavors with tart, ruby-red hibiscus and other herbs.
This calming herbal classic will captivate you with its rich golden color, delicate aroma and sweet floral taste.
Traditional green tea combined with delicate white tea and a lively combination of botanicals.
Aromatic Oregon- and Washington-grown peppermint that requires no accompaniment.
Fine black teas with a touch of bergamot. Aromatic and invigorating.
Have a favorite blend not yet listed? Let us know and we'll add it for you!
Why choose Celestial Seasonings tea for your office?
Celestial Seasonings is one of the largest, most beloved specialty tea manufacturers in North America, with tens of thousands of passionate fans of their teas. Every batch of their tea is tested by Celestial's Blendmaster, who has 40 years of experience with Celestial Seasonings to ensure each batch matches the "gold standard" for that recipe. Celestial's commitment to ensuring that their teas are blended with care™ means you can have confidence in where and how Celestial's teas were grown and manufactured, the consistency in quality and flavor in each cup of our tea, and in Celestial's commitment to sustainable tea farming practices.
Celestial sources 100+ botanicals from more than 35 different countries around the world, with 70% of those ingredients purchased directly from the farmers and local communities.
Celestial packages their teas in natural fiber, pillow-style tea bags that don't need a string, tag, staple or individual wrapper. Doing this saves more than 3.5 million pounds of waste from entering landfills each year.
The artful outer box of Celestial Teas are made with 100% recycled paperboard (including 35% consumer waste) that can be recycled again when empty.
Celestial gives back to charities and social organizations in their home state of Colorado.
Celestial gives back to charities and social organizations across the country and around the world.
Interested in serving Celestial Seasonings tea in your office?
Coffee Ambassador offers complimentary tea tastings, free three-day equipment trials, and guided tours of our Coffee Showroom to help you craft the ultimate breakroom experience for your employees.


To receive a 2019 VOGA membership application please contact us at voga.pub@gmail.com or download one here.
Membership is open to companies that are involved or interested in becoming involved in the natural gas and oil industry in Virginia.
providing professional or educational services or aiding or promoting in any way whatsoever the welfare and interest of the industry.
Please contact us with any membership questions.


Healthcare spending is on the rise. The federal government has begun several initiatives to control costs, increase efficiency, and increase quality. A couple of these initiatives as outlined in the ACA are the Medical Loss Ratio and the increased prominence of Independent Review Organizations.
As we all know, healthcare costs are skyrocketing. The US government is trying to look at healthcare spending from all angles in an effort to control costs while increasing quality. It has become a balancing act. One such measure, be drastic as it may, is the Affordable Care Act (ACA), a.k.a. Obamacare. This monumental legislation was enacted in 2010 with provisions becoming effective through 2015 and beyond. The provisions of the ACA were designed with these 2 goals in mind: reduce costs and increase quality. Two provisions of particular interest are: the Medical Loss Ratio and the enhanced presence of Independent Review Organizations (IROs). Both are designed to add efficiency, reduce waste, and control administrative costs for a currently broken healthcare system.
One such initiative is to reduce the percentage of premiums collected as they relate to the administrative portion of costs, which includes marketing and profits. This is referred to as the Medical Loss Ratio (MLR). The basic concept is to set a threshold percentage to insurance companies for their proportion of expenses applied to administrative duties. If these percentages are exceeded, the insurance company is required to issue rebates to its members/employers for the amount which was exceeded. The amount designated to each individual is in direct proportion to the amount of premiums paid as they relate to the total premiums received by the insurance company. The old saying "check is in the mail" certainly rings true. You have probably been one of these recipients. You may have even received a refund that was less than the postage to mail. It is interesting to note, that the total premium received includes premiums from grand-fathered plans which are exempted from many provisions of the ACA. The total also includes both individual and group plans. Insurers are required to notify enrollees generally in June that a rebate will be issued with an issue deadline of August. The MLR may or may not be taxable depending upon many factors. The current MLRs are 85% for large plans and 80% for small plans meaning the administrative costs cannot exceed 15% or 20% respectively. Currently, plans have MLRs as high as 70% or 75%, so there is a lot of rebating occurring. MLRs began being issued in 2012 and we would expect the ratios to be adjusted over the next several years based upon national averages and amounts being rebated.
IROs are designed to provide unbiased physician reviews to insurance companies for claim appeals basing decisions on medical necessity criteria. Companies spend a considerable amount of money on claim appeals annually. Many companies try to save money by performing these reviews in-house. The reality is that cost savings can be gained by outsourcing the IRO function. IROs are intermediaries that serve to benefit both insurance payers and patients – a delicate balancing act to be sure.
Deeming procedures which used to be considered cosmetic surgery and therefore not medically necessary as perhaps medically necessary in certain circumstances. One such example is bariatric surgery for obesity. Can be deemed medically necessary as it threatens patient's health, shortens lifespan, and can cause additional health issues such as high blood pressure and heart problems.
The benefits of IROs are becoming more prominent. Why not outsource to the experts and concentrate on providing excellent customer service and clinical patient care? The efficiency which can be gained will severely reduce the administrative costs attributed to healthcare, which lends itself to the MLR as indicated above. These 2 provisions go hand in hand. When used in conjunction, you can start to see a dramatic increase in your bottom line.
Are you in need of an IRO?
BHM Healthcare Solutions is a URAC-accredited IRO, with designations for both internal and external IRO services. BHM has a state of the art physician portal which automates the process to provide efficient, accurate decisions based upon medical necessity criteria. BHM has licensed physicians in just about all specialties as well as licensed in every state. Contact us today for a free consultation to see how our IRO services can benefit you or download our free white paper to explore the benefits of external IRO services for the provision of Peer Reviews.
The post Cutting Costs Through the Medical Loss Ratio & Independent Review Organizations appeared first on BHM Healthcare Solutions.


The plant produces a wide range of emulsion products used in the manufacture of specialist coatings such as paints, varnishes and inks. Three independent production streams were controlled by C-MAC's initial C-quin system, with a fourth stream being added at a later stage. In order to retain the maximum flexibility in utilisation of the available plant, the C-quin system was required to control and optimise the complex feed and transfer arrangements between the various stages. It was particularly important in maintaining batch consistency for C-quin to ensure a high degree of accuracy of the initial weighing process, and to precisely control the ingredient transfer rate into the reactors.
The nature of this business requires a large number of different formulations (recipes) to be maintained, and to be available for manufacture whenever a customer places an order. There was also a requirement to be able to introduce new product ranges quickly, with recipe creation and modification carried out by DSM Coating Resins process personnel, on site, without reference to the system supplier and without the need for specialist computer programming knowledge.
The C-quin system provides a simple recipe language, so that plant formulation experts can quickly produce recipes using plain language statements. Within recipes, facilities are built in to prompt operators to take samples at appropriate stages and to allow laboratory staff to make adjustments reflecting the sample results.
Testing of recipes is handled easily by the C-quin simulator, which provides a computer simulation of the plant and the processes involved. Even during the first months of operation of the new system, a number of new recipes had been produced, tested and used to manufacture product, in addition to the hundreds of existing recipes loaded prior to start-up.
Three operator workstations are provided for day to day control and monitoring of the plant with the operational data being presented in Dutch. A fourth workstation is provided for the shift leader to monitor production and to adjust the working copies of the product recipes (control recipes) used to manufacture each batch. A fifth workstation is sited in the laboratory for fine tuning the production process based on sample analysis.
A full range of safety features is implemented by C-quin to ensure maximum operator safety; to aid adherence to local environmental standards and to minimise waste. Software checks are constantly made to detect any unexpected values of a wide variety of plant parameters, so that operators can be warned of potential problems or preventive measures can be taken automatically.
C-MAC worked in close collaboration with the DSM Coating Resins project team from the outset. Since the project was to upgrade a live plant, careful planning was necessary to ensure minimal loss of production in changing from the old to the new system. C-MAC provided the C-quin system software and hardware, developed the application software and then installed and commissioned the system. Less than a week was taken between shutting down the old system and returning to full production under C-quin control, with operational data from C-quin being used to progressively improve product quality and yield.
C-MAC provides DSM Coating Resins with a full support package to ensure that the system operated smoothly and efficiently from the outset. In addition to providing training courses both in the UK and on the customer's site, the company also gave hot-line support which is enhanced by the provision of remote maintenance facilities via VPN link.
In the longer term, the ease of enhancement and expansion of the C-quin system will enable the customer to easily incorporate new plant into the existing control scheme.


Many of today's youth feel disconnected from their local communities. At the same time, most of them are regularly connected to the Internet and other digital media to gather information and communicate with their peers. This study conducts a qualitative textual analysis of 14 scholastic and nonscholastic youth media websites to derive five emergent themes related to connecting youth and local communities. While some content examined addressed specific community concerns, the strongest current value of these websites is that they serve as a source of diverse peer support and self-expression for local teens as they collectively experience the joys and struggles of adolescence. These sites also promote attachment to local schools, an important community node and social ecology for teens.


Windows 10 Mobile release date is one of the major question every Windows Phone users are asking to Microsoft. Where Microsoft prefers to stick with their trademark "soon" word, carriers are giving some hints towards to roll of Windows 10 Mobile for older Lumia smartphones.
Vodafone Italy was expected to begin rolling out Windows 10 update selected Lumia phones last week only. But, the company halted their roll out because of Microsoft objection.
Now, Vodafone Italy once again confirms that the roll out of Windows 10 Mobile to their device will start showimg up in few days, possibly this week. However, keep in mind Microsoft can once again delay the roll out as Windows 10 for Mobile is still "buggy and unstable" for most of the Lumias.


• Define financial analysis and discuss the financial analyst's role in the organization.
• List at least six financial management responsibilities and three areas of activity to be reported in financial statements.
• Describe how business strategy and the competitive environment affect financial management decisions.
• Identify analytical techniques that the financial analyst can apply to investment, financing, and operational decisions.


3D printing technology has made a big impact in the medical field, in more ways than one, including bioprinting and biofabrication. The Institute for Development of Advanced Applied Systems, or Institute IRNAS, located in Slovenia, operates Symbiolab, an open source-based biolab that focuses on the development of future-proof 3D biofabrication. The lab works on innovative biomaterials research, and also develops biomedical research applications and hardware solutions, including its Vitaprint 3D bioprinting platform. The open source Vitaprint was developed in-house at Symbiolab, and the platform includes demo files, protocols, and hardware.
According to the IRNAS website, the main objective with the Vitaprint platform is to bring 3D bioprinting closer to the audience in fields like the pharmacological industry and medicine, both human and animal. IRNAS researcher Bostjan Vihar told us that right now, the researchers are working to develop new modifications and use cases for custom applications using the Vitaprint.
The IRNAS team has been working on a really interesting project with Vitaprint – manufacturing freeform perfusable vessel and channel systems into biocompatible hydrogels.
They have had prior success in making 2D branched perfusable structures, as well as 3D molded meniscus models out of gelatin, but have now taken their research to the next level and fabricated a complex, geometric network made of vessels that have shaped the vasculature into that of a human earlobe.


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Netflix's Ted Sarandos Talks Ratings, Paying Film Talent And HBO's Emmy Haul
Bruce Campbell To Host & Produce Horror Competition Reality Series For 5X5 Media
By Nellie Andreeva
Nellie Andreeva
Co-Editor-in-Chief, TV
@DeadlineNellie
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'Nailed It!' Breaks Into Emmys With Nom For Outstanding Competition Program As 'Project Runway' Streak Ends
'Schitt's Creek' Four Emmy Noms Are First For Pop TV: 'Holy Sh**!!' Exclaims Network Boss Brad Schwartz
TV Producer Michael Rosenberg Joins Untitled Entertainment
September 9, 2015 12:24pm
Horror-comedy star (and Comic-Con royalty) Bruce Campbell has teamed with King Of The Nerds executive producers Craig Armstrong and Rick Ringbakk of 5X5 Media for a horror-themed, off-beat comedic competition series project. Tentatively titled Bruce Campbell's Horrified, the series, which is being shopped to networks, is envisioned as a celebration of horror fans through a comedic and irreverent lens, similarly to the way TBS' King Of The Nerds did it for people who proudly identify themselves as nerds. Campbell would host and executive produce alongside 5X5 Media's Armstrong, Ringbakk and Charles Wachter. 5X5 is producing with Warner Horizon TV, where the company is under a deal.
The concept is still being fine-tuned but I hear the contestants would live together, possibly in a haunted house-type of residence, and will compete in a series of team and individual challenges, with each episode themed around a horror sub-genre, like monster, sci-fi, psychological, zombie, etc., completed with decors, costumes and visual effects associated with that genre.
Bruce Campbell Says 'Ash Vs. Evil Dead' Series Could Lead To More 'Dead' Movies - TCA
Like in King Of The Nerds, "we hope to bring celebrities associated with that genre as judges" in the respective episodes, Armstrong said. As for the contestant casting process, it also will be similar to King Of The Nerds, with the show looking for "die-hard, obsessive, funny, bigger than life characters in the horror space."
Armstrong said that when he and Rickbakk started discussing the idea of a show that takes a fun approach to the horror genre, "the only one person who entered our mind was Bruce Campbell." They reached out to him with low expectations as Campbell has a full-time job as star and executive producer on Starz's Ash vs. The Evil Dead series. But he was interested, met with the producers, and he had a lot of ideas, Armstrong said.
"From where I'm sitting, this is the first time a reality series has melded competition and comedy with the fun and fear of the horror genre," Campbell said. "It's a sweet spot I love and to pull it off takes a team of creative, industrious and slightly insane people – which is, of course, why I wanted to do it!"
Added Armstrong and Ringbakk, "Producing a horror-centric competition show, infused with comedy and brought to audiences by the inimitable Bruce Campbell, is a home run for us." The duo founded Emmy-winning production company 5X5 Media, whose credits also include Fashion Star and Jamie Oliver's Food Revolution.
5X5 Media is repped by APA; Campbell is repped by APA and Jacobson Russell.


Established in 2008, HelRAZORS has worked hard to gain a thriving reputation, holding a strong regular client base and welcomes new customers daily.
The salon is owned by Helen McArthur who has worked within the male grooming/barbering industry for many years. Helen is well trained to run the salon and understands that customer care is paramount….
Socialise with us, for all the gossip & more!


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True Religion Files for Bankruptcy Protection
The denim brand is the latest retailer hit by the coronavirus pandemic, filing for Chapter 11 for the second time in less than three years.
True Religion | Source: Shutterstock
NEW YORK, United States — True Religion Apparel Inc on Monday filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection for a second time in less than three years, becoming another corporate casualty of the coronavirus outbreak that has ravaged the retail sector.
In a court filing, the embattled denim retailer said it would have preferred to wait out the current period of lockdowns and instability in financial markets but "simply could not afford to do so".
More than 95 percent of Americans are now under "stay-at-home" or "shelter-in-place" orders and retailers across the country have been forced to shutter stores to help contain the spread of the virus.
While public health experts said the steps are working to control the contagion, the restrictions have strangled the US economy and sparked widespread production cuts, layoffs and projections of a severe recession.
Chief Executive Michael Buckley said True Religion's largest lenders ABL and Term Loan were providing fresh capital to the company to reorganize under Chapter 11.
True Religion listed $100 million to $500 million in assets and liabilities in the court filing dated April 13.
"In the near term, and until our stores open up, we will be continuing as we have, to run our e-commerce businesses, in the same way we did prior to filing for Chapter 11," Buckley said.
By Uday Sampath; Editor: Shinjini Ganguli
© 2022 The Business of Fashion. All rights reserved. For more information read our Terms & Conditions
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Chronicle the 'Retail Apocalypse' and emerging retail models, including DTC brands.
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Pandemic-related disruptions of supply chains may be dissipating, but the pressure on brands to mitigate the risks of bottlenecks is not.
Capri Names Cedric Wilmotte as Michael Kors CEO
The executive, a company veteran who is currently the chief operating officer of Versace, fills a role that has been vacant since last March. He's tasked with continuing Kors' upscale repositioning.
The digital-first basics brand known for "radical transparency" is betting a stronger stylistic point of view will help it boost performance.


The Cygnet Community Health Centre provides a broad range of community and rural health services within Huon Valley, Channel and Lower Channel areas. Services include Community Nursing, Palliative Care, Home Help/Personnel Care, Family and Child Health, Podiatry and other visiting services.
The Centre operates Monday to Friday, 8.30am - 4.30pm.
Child Health Centre - Available by appointment. The Parent Line is available at any time to assist parents with stressful parenting concerns and issues. Phone: 1300 808 178.


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Massa fastest for Williams on day 3 in Bahrain
By Luke SmithMar 1, 2014, 10:02 AM EST
Felipe Massa has finished quickest on the penultimate day of winter testing in Bahrain by setting the fastest time across the course of the pre-season period at Sakhir.
Massa's lap of 1:33.258 saw him finish ahead of Mercedes' Nico Rosberg as the two drivers traded fastest times in the final hour of the session. The German driver eventually fell two-tenths short of the Brazilian's time and was forced to settle for second place.
However, Rosberg was a full 1.9 seconds ahead of third placed Kimi Raikkonen as the Ferrari driver focused on a race simulation in the afternoon.
The talking point from today's running in Bahrain was Red Bull's continued problems. The team appeared to be on the verge of an improvement after a good day of testing for Daniel Ricciardo yesterday, but defending world champion Sebastian Vettel struggled greatly. Upon starting his first run, Vettel managed just half a lap before the Red Bull RB10 ground to a halt.
It was soon recovered and returned to the pits, but when Red Bull sent the car out for a second run, it lasted but a few seconds as Vettel stopped at the end of the pit lane. With just half a lap on the board and one day of pre-season testing left, Red Bull appear to be in trouble.
Besides Vettel's stoppages, there were also red flags for French duo Jules Bianchi and Romain Grosjean on Saturday in Bahrain. Bianchi finished the day in seventh place for Marussia ahead of closest rivals Caterham, whilst Grosjean was the last classified driver to post a time down in ninth position. Adrian Sutil also hit trouble as a fire on his Sauber C33 early in the morning session meant that he failed to post a time.
Although the Mercedes-powered teams dominated once again, occupying four of the top six positions, Renault showed signs of improved reliability. Toro Rosso's Daniil Kvyat finished the day in fifth position with 81 laps under his belt, whilst Caterham's Marcus Ericsson completed the most mileage with 117 laps. Despite Red Bull's disastrous day, these are good signs for the French engine supplier.
With just one day to go in pre-season testing, the teams will get a final shot tomorrow to understand their cars and perfect their procedure ahead of the first round of the season in Australia (live on NBCSN on March 16).
Bahrain Day 3 – Times
1. Felipe Massa Williams 1:33.258 (99 laps)
2. Nico Rosberg Mercedes 1:33.484 +0.226 (103)
3. Kimi Raikkonen Ferrari 1:35.426 +2.168 (87)
4. Kevin Magnussen McLaren 1:35.894 +2.636 (88)
5. Daniil Kvyat Toro Rosso 1:36.113 +2.855 (81)
6. Nico Hulkenberg Force India 1:36.205 +2.947 (115)
7. Jules Bianchi Marussia 1:37.087 +3.829 (78)
8. Marcus Ericsson Caterham 1:38.083 +4.825 (117)
9. Romain Grosjean Lotus 1:42.166 +8.908 (33)
10. Adrian Sutil Sauber no time (1)
11. Sebastian Vettel Red Bull no time (0)
Follow @LukeSmithF1
Robert Wickens in the Indy 500? Bryan Herta making plans to field a car for next year
Brett Farmer/LAT Images/IMSA
DAYTONA BEACH, Fla. — Bryan Herta wants to enter Robert Wickens in the Indy 500 as early as 2024 – a year longer than preferred as work continues on the hand controls needed for the paralyzed driver.
Wickens suffered a spinal cord injury in a crash at Pocono Raceway in his 2018 IndyCar rookie season. He's worked as a driver coach for the Arrow McLaren IndyCar team since, but last year with Bryan Herta Autosport and Hyundai returned to racing in the IMSA Michelin Pilot Challenge.
The 33-year-old Canadian won a pair of races (including the season opener at Daytona) driving a Hyundai Elantra N-TCR that is fitted for Wickens to race strictly through hand controls. Herta said Thursday that perfecting that technology for an Indy car in the biggest race in the world has slowed the project he's determined to do with Wickens.
'I'M AS HUNGRY AS EVER': Robert Wickens' return to racing
"I'd love to take Robbie back to Indy because I know he could do that, and I think that would be a next step for him in his journey," Herta told The Associated Press. "We've spent a lot of time looking at the logistical side of things, hand controls, and I think we have solutions for that."
Herta said Honda has been supportive of the process, which Herta called "one of the most important things we've done in racing" last year.
"We actually looked at doing it this year, but the logistics of it, the timing, it just wasn't enough," Herta said. "That's not something you can rush. There's some things that we have to work very closely with IndyCar on, and things we just have to get right. It's a process, but I can see a path to it."
Wickens, when told his boss was openly discussing the Indy 500, grinned widely. Herta as a team owner won the Indianapolis 500 with Dan Wheldon and Alexander Rossi.
"That'd be fun," he said of running the Indy 500.
But like Herta, Wickens said the effort has to be both done correctly and be competitive.
"We'd like to do it right. If we started right now, can we get a car ready for the open test in April? Probably," Wickens told The AP. "But I don't know where the systems would be and I want to get on proper simulators to make sure its correct.
"We all want to do a proper, professional effort," he added. "I don't want to do it for a marketing campaign. I want to do it for a chance to win."
Wickens in 2021 did a demonstration in Canada that marketed advancements for paralyzed drivers and gave him a chance to again drive. His entire life had been upended 14 races into his rookie IndyCar season, just three months after winning top rookie honors at the Indianapolis 500.
Wickens has since married, returned to racing last year and welcomed the birth of his first child, an son named Wesley whom is infatuated with both race cars and the trip to Disney he took this week during the off days at Daytona International Speedway.
Wickens, who uses a wheelchair but can stand with some support, marks a full year back racing on Friday in the season-opening IMSA Michelin Pilot Challenge race. Despite success last season, Herta made changes to his lineups and Wickens this year will be teamed with Harry Gottsacker.


Apparently CEO Robert Murray of Murray Energy met yesterday with Donald Trump. According to the energy trade paper SNL Financial (no, it's not Saturday Night Live), Murray believes that Trump is "all we got" and "the horse to ride."
During the meeting, Murray said Trump had asked him about numerous facets of U.S. energy policy. At one point, Murray said he would suggest lifting obstacles to opening liquefied natural gas, or LNG, export facilities to reduce the supply glut of natural gas in the country.
He said that Trump was agreeable with the idea, but then had a question.
"What's LNG?" Murray said Trump asked.


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Dee Browning/Shutterstock
Finding a Future for Forests in Energy and Climate Solutions, with Robert Bonnie
Robert Bonnie and Daniel Raimi
This week we talk with Robert Bonnie, Rubenstein fellow at Duke University. Robert is an expert on many things, but we'll talk to him today about the role that forests play in energy, climate change and more. We ask him about the past, present, and the future of wood energy in the United States and globally and what role forests might play in helping to achieve deep decarbonization goals. We'll also talk about the challenges that this issue raises, including developing markets to incentivize reforestation, land use competition, and much more.
Boom Town by Sam Anderson
Between Two Fires by Stephen Pyne
Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari
Daniel Raimi: Hello and welcome to Resources Radio, a weekly podcast from Resources for the Future. I'm your host, Daniel Raimi. This week we talk with Robert Bonnie, Rubinstein fellow at Duke University. Robert is an expert on many things, but we'll talk to him today about the role that forests play in energy, climate change and more. I'll ask him about the past, present, and the future of wood energy in the United States and globally and what role forests might play in helping to achieve deep decarbonization goals. We'll also talk about the challenges that this issue raises, including developing markets to incentivize reforestation, land use competition and much more. Stay with us.
Daniel Raimi: Okay. Robert Bonnie from Duke University. Thank you so much for joining us today on Resources Radio.
Robert Bonnie: Great to be here.
Daniel Raimi: Robert, we're going to talk today about forests and a couple different aspects of forests, both in terms of the energy system and also climate change. But before we get into that, we always ask our guests how you got interested in this field in the first place? How you started working on the environment or in on forests in particular
Robert Bonnie: Yeah. I grew up on a farm in Kentucky and spent a lot of time outdoors, was always interested in the outdoors and would go fishing a lot in the afternoon and hunting occasionally too. My family also owns and has for about a 100 years, a large forest tract in a rural South Carolina. And so I got very involved at an early age in thinking about how you manage forests for a wide range of benefits, not only timber but wildlife, endangered species, recreation, those sorts of things. And as a result, got very interested in not only in sort of the management issues, but the policy issues around that. And so I think my relationship to that tract of land was probably really important and getting me to a career that is focused to a significant degree on forest policy.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah, fascinating. And you've been working on forest policy for for a long time. At least a couple of decades, yeah?
Robert Bonnie: Yeah. When I graduated from graduate school at Duke in '94 and worked on longleaf pine ecosystem in particular while I was here as a graduate student and that's continued and I've been pretty solidly working on forests since.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah. Great. We've got another Dukie on the show, which is fantastic. Go Blue Devils. I know many of our listeners will be angry at me for saying such heresy.
Robert Bonnie: Well being a Kentucky boy, i have to say my loyalties lie with the Kentucky Wildcats.
Daniel Raimi: Oh, okay, good. Well, so we've got some balance on the show then.
Robert Bonnie: Yeah, exactly.
Daniel Raimi: That's good. Let's get into it then. We are going to talk, as I mentioned, both about forests and energy and also forest and climate. Let's start with energy. One of the first things that I think about when I think about wood energy is a common story that you hear if you read energy history books, which is about the United Kingdom before the industrial revolution, and you hear these stories about the countryside being rapidly deforested all around London and in other population centers to provide heat and other energy for the population. Once coal came along, that sort of gave tree some relief at least in the UK but I haven't read much about the history of forest use for energy in the United States. I'm curious if you can give us some background on that.
Robert Bonnie: Yeah, so there's no question, the same is true to a significant degree in the US. A lot of forests, particularly around urban areas, there was a huge demand for for fuel wood and forests. And there's no question if you look at old pictures from the 1800s, you'll see a lot of denuded hillsides and there's no question that fuel use was part of that. Of course there were other uses as well. It wasn't long after the English should colonize the US around Virginia and the Carolinas that they saw how good the longleaf pine forests there were for ship masts and other things or even the Naval stores industry, the turpentining that took place in the South and the use of our forests later for wood products. And one of the interesting things about the forest is the role that loss and that perceived loss of forest contributed to conservation and conservation movement. People like Gifford Pinchot and Teddy Roosevelt. And so yeah, energy played an important role in deforestation in the US but it was broader than that. It was other forest product markets as well.
Daniel Raimi: Right. That makes sense, forests weren't just used for energy but for other purposes. But if we focus in on energy, one sort of piece of data that I find particularly interesting is that in the US today we often think that we don't use forests for energy all that much but that's because in the early 20th century, the energy system, there was a large share of wood in the system. Today, it's only about 2% of total energy in the US but in absolute terms we actually use more wood and more biomass today than we did through the early 20th century. Can you give us a general sense of where geographically, biomass is produced in large quantities and sort of where in the energy system it's consumed?
Robert Bonnie: Yeah, and so, if there's a location right now for most of the biomass production, it's in the US South and you've seen the rise of pellet plants in the South that largely take both pines and hardwoods and turn them into pellets and a good bit of that is actually being exported to Europe and being consumed there. Some of it is consumed in the US and you also see interest in places like the West to create markets for some low value timber to deal with the fire and other forest health issues.
One of the biggest challenges is that natural gas is cheap and that wood energy in a lot of places can't compete. And so, when I was at the Department of Agriculture and working with the Forest Service, we were looking for ways to do large scale restoration on our public lands in the West to reduce some of the fuel loads to deal with catastrophic fire. We'd love to have functioning biomass markets there. We could take some of that low value timber and turn it into something useful and actually maybe not have to pay people to come and get it off the land, but maybe actually have a market. And it's the lack of those markets in places that actually creates some challenges for scaling up energy production in the US around biomass.
Daniel Raimi: Interesting. Can you expand a little bit about that, with fire suppression, might not be the right term, but I'd never thought that sort of timber could be used to reduce the risk of forest fires.
Robert Bonnie: For a 100 years or more we've thought fire was a bad thing in the US and so we put out a lot of the small fires. It was part of the argument that Pinchot and Roosevelt and others made for the US Forest Services, that we were going to wage war on fire. While those are two great conservationists that left a wonderful legacy, part of it, part of the problem was that we'd get an ethic in the US that suppressed all those fires and so it changed the nature of our forests. It caused them to become denser, it caused them to have, in many cases, we might have wide open forests that were periodically burned either through lightning strikes or native Americans who used fire heavily. Those fires have changed. They burn differently.
And so if we want to restore more natural conditions, reduce the threat of forest fires, we actually need to go in and do manipulations. We need to take some of that smaller timber out and reintroduce more natural fire regimes. And that takes markets. And one of the markets that can be really useful is actually biomass and being able to use that small diameter, smaller timber. And so there's a lot of interest in biomass markets in places like California, in the West where the fire problem is big. The challenge is, is that it's hard to compete with cheap natural gas.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah, that's fascinating. I'd never really thought about that, but it makes sense. When you describe it. Turning back to the biomass energy question, one issue that comes up frequently in particular, there'd been a number of news stories about biomass consumption, particularly as you mentioned, US wood pellets being shipped to Europe. Biomass is often considered to be a carbon neutral energy source because the carbon dioxide that's released when the fuel is combusted is presumed to be sequestered by replanting forests in an equal measure. And so I'm curious from your perspective, is that a reasonable assumption here in the United States? And when we think about forest energy in the US today, whether consumed domestically or internationally, how carbon neutral is that energy source?
Robert Bonnie: This has become a hugely controversial topic and sort of a followup to the forest policy world. And a lot of folks on the environmental side argue that the emissions from burning biomass are as bad or worse than coal. Others argue that it's carbon neutral. And the truth is, they're different scenarios. You can think about biomass being, depending on where you harvest it, it could be a good thing from a carbon standpoint, it could be a less than good thing. I think generally speaking it is, it's mostly very positive and I think from that standpoint, yeah, for the most point I think biomass is probably carbon neutral. Opponents of biomass argue that its emissions are much worse. That it takes years to resequester that carbon. What I would argue is I don't think they really understand the broader landscape of forests, certainly in the United States.
When there are markets for wood, people invest in timber, they invest in reforestation, they keep forests as forests. And that plays a really important role and because most of our forests are privately owned in retaining forests and keeping forests from being converted to agriculture and development. And so as you look at a landscape scale, having markets for wood is generally a very positive thing. Are there places where you could overtax the resource? Absolutely.
But the other thing is that biomass is a very low value product and so most land owners won't manage purely for biomass. They manage for for solid wood products. Other products that actually earn more revenue. The notion that there's going to be large scale, clear cutting or things like that from biomass, I don't think is the case. As I mentioned before, there are arguments for actually for sustainability in some of these low value timber markets that actually could improve the ecological resilience of forests.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah, that makes sense. And I think we might sort of return to some of these issues in a couple minutes when I ask you about deep decarbonization scenarios that involve biomass, but let's turn for the moment to issues around deforestation, reforestation, forestation and carbon dioxide emissions as well as sinks. As our listeners know, forests are a very important carbon sink globally, but deforestation has been a challenge for many years. How would you sort of characterize the current state of deforestation at a global scale? And then how would you compare that to what we have seen in the US over the last several decades in terms of deforestation?
Robert Bonnie: The trends have actually been better in places like Brazil over the last few years and with the new government down there, there's a lot of concern about opening up parts of the Amazon. You start to realize how important government policies, land tenure infrastructure projects are in large places like the Amazon. And so there's obviously a lot of concern in Brazil right now. And there has been a lot of concern in Southeast Asia with with palm plantations and some conversion that happens there. As your question points out, a lot of people when they think of deforestation, sort of think of other parts of the world, but in some senses we actually have a deforestation problem in the US. It's masked by the fact that we also have areas which are returning to forests, marginal agricultural lands that are converted back to forest just naturally, or people plant trees.
But we lose a lot of forests in the US annually to development, housing development, commercial development and also just fragmentation and lands get divided, sold and divided because so much of our forest is in private ownership. And so as we think about the US carbon sink, which is enormous, somewhere in the neighborhood of 12 to 14% of our annual greenhouse gas emissions come back down in the forest sector, sequestered in those forests. As if we want to retain that sink and over the long term enhance that sink, we have to do something about our own deforestation problem, which means we have to value, people have to have value for holding onto those forests. That means wood markets are really important for that. Also means we need to think about incentives that incentivize people to to protect those forests.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah, that makes sense. And I think that might play into our, the sort of next question I wanted to ask, which was about a report produced towards the end of the Obama administration called the Mid-century Strategy for Deep Decarbonization, which you pointed out to me in a previous email when we were planning for this conversation, that the report called for large scale greenhouse gas reductions from the land sector including forest and agriculture. Can you talk a little bit about some of the recommendations that are included in that report and how land use, particular forestry and agriculture can play into deep decarbonization in the United States?
Robert Bonnie: Yeah, so one of the things I just talked about was the existing forest sink. And if you think about the scale of that in relation to the rest of the greenhouse gas problem in the US, it's pretty significant. Particularly as you start to squeeze the greenhouse gas emissions reductions out of energy. That forest sink looks really big. And so one of the things that the Mid-century Strategy points out is the need to hold onto our existing forests. And that involves, as I talked about, variety of incentives and markets and other things. But the Mid-century Strategy also talks about increasing forest acreage by somewhere in the neighborhood of 40 to 50 million acres. That's a huge chunk of real estate. And if we're going to do that, we need to think about what are the investments we need to make to see that that happens.
And it's going to, we've sort of lived in this world and in carbon policy where we thought we were going to be in cap and trade, that there were going to be offsets that companies were going to buy carbon offsets from forest landowners and farmers and others. And that that may still be the case, but I think it's increasingly clear that we're actually going to have to think about public investments in reforestation. On the agricultural side there, agriculture is, has net emissions of somewhere in the neighborhood of eight to nine percent of US emissions. And there are enormous things we can do there related to livestock methane, nitrous oxide emissions from fertilizer. And if we do it right, we're going to help farmers by improving their bottom line, making them more efficient and maybe creating a source of revenue from things like methane and turning methane into energy.
And so, when you think about this from a standpoint of the politics of climate change, figuring out ways to win over those rural stakeholders, to provide value for improving the environment and helping address climate change, that there's some opportunities I think to partner with rural parts of the country that can be really useful as we think about where do the votes come from to win a battle in Congress on climate change legislation.
Daniel Raimi: Right. Thinking about it and integrating, not just the sort of physical problem and economic problems, but also the political issues that are at play here. Yeah. Just a quick statistical question. You mentioned 40 or 50 million acres for reforestation. I don't have a sense in my head about how much, what is that? Is that the size of a particular state in the US? Or how would you sort of put that number in context?
Robert Bonnie: Yeah, so forests once covered about a billion acres in the US. Today they cover somewhere in the neighborhood of 750 million acres. And you think about, I think the state of North Carolina, somewhere in the neighborhood of 35, 36 million acres. 40 to 50 million acres of forest is a lot of land. And, there is certainly marginal agricultural land in the US and there are places even in suburban and urban areas where we might think about reforestation, but the size of the investment is pretty significant in the wake of the Great Depression, the civilian conservation corps I think planted somewhere in the neighborhood of six million acres of trees. And that was a pretty big undertaking. And so we're substantially higher than that. And so the level of commitment here has to be pretty substantial.
Daniel Raimi: Which sort of makes sense that you would need not just sort of government efforts but also markets as you mentioned to sort of carry out those activities.
Robert Bonnie: That's right.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah. Let's look forward a little bit and keep on this strain of reducing emissions through reforestation and afforestation. You mentioned the scale of the activities that would be necessary in a place like the US to achieve some of these goals. How realistic do you do you see those efforts both in the United States and then internationally to sort of reach that really large scale of reforestation or afforestation? And as we think about the scale of that challenge, what are some of the difficult trade offs that you would anticipate arising?
Robert Bonnie: As I noted, I think we have to come to grips with the fact that we're going to have to make significant investments in the land sector, in forest conservation and reforestation. And for a long, long time, those of us who worked in the space and assumed that that was going to happen through a market based system like carbon offsets. And that may still be the case. But I also think we have to recognize that there's probably a role for public investment perhaps substantially. And if you think about it from a land owner's perspective, if a landowner's going to make an investment in reforestation that's a 20, 25, 30 year investment before they might be able to reap some value from the forests themselves through through harvesting. And there's a lot of uncertainty with that and landowner's going to be a little bit uncertain about hey, is that carbon market going to be around in 25 years? Are the prices going to be realistic to support my investment?
And that's why I think we need to think about strategies that actually deal with that risk and whether it's actually putting the government in the position of buying carbon or somehow insuring it or other things. I think we're going to have to think about beyond purely an offset strategy. We also have to think, as I mentioned, about ensuring that there are robust markets for timber, both biomass that we've talked about, but also there's increasing interest in wood as a green building material and building incredibly, even these incredibly efficient 13, 14, 15 story buildings out of wood that look great but also sequester carbon themselves and are energy efficient.
And so we have to think about a new uses of wood. That'll be an important piece here. As I say, it will take significant investment. It's not enough i think to think that that's going to be entirely a public investment. I think we're going to have to look at ways that markets can play a really important role. Either, and if you think about this or as well, you think about this on a global scale and the acreages that have to be involved, they're significant. And I do think that means it's going to be both a public and private investment.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah. And so you just mentioned the scale of the effort that would be necessary. What are some of the sort of coinciding challenges or trade offs that you would have to think about either in terms of land use competition or maybe political opposition to redeveloping forests in certain places? What are some of the issues that you think would come up in that context?
Robert Bonnie: It's a great question. On first blush forests have enormous co-benefits, provide a lot of clean water. And if you live in the western, you live in California and your water comes from the, largely from the national forests. And so those forests act as a really important watershed, a sponge that absorbs water and they, their wildlife benefits and clean air benefits. There are enormous co-benefits here. But as you point out, there's also competition for land. One of the things that made folks in the agricultural business a little bit nervous during the Waxman Markey debate in Congress around climate legislation in 2009, 2010 was that if we create markets for offsets, we might be converting prime agricultural land into trees. I don't think that's going to happen because I think that prime agricultural land is still far more valuable, far more valuable for agriculture, but there are concerns that that could in fact be the case.
And so, we have to think about where we make these investments, but we're also going to have to recognize that there's competition between agriculture and forest land uses and if we're going to put more trees on more land, that suggests that we're going to have to intensify agriculture. We're going to have to get, we got to feed 9 billion, nine and a half billion people by 2050 and that means we're going to, it's going to be important that we produce more food from the same land base, at the same time that we deal with things like food waste and others so that our food system is more efficient. But dealing with the land competition and ensuring we allow new technologies to allow us to produce more food from the same amount of acres is going to be really important. As you think about trade offs, I think that's one of the most important ones to think about.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah, that makes sense. That's going to be so fascinating to watch that play out. Last question now before we move to our top of the stack segment, which is a similar question to what I just asked in a US context, but thinking more globally and then thinking maybe a little bit longer term. One of the issues with forest energy and biomass that comes up a lot in the energy community or the integrated energy environment community is when we look at the results of modeling exercises that are carried out under the IPCC process and other modeling exercises, many, or perhaps most of them show that achieving long term climate goals like two degrees Celsius by 2100 or even lower, requires enormous amounts of biomass energy coming from forests coupled with carbon capture and sequestration. So-called negative emissions technology. And the scale of the energy implied by many of those modeling results is just really enormous and includes, planting and maintaining a forest that would be, multiples of the North Carolinas that you described in a US context. How do you think about the challenge of that scale in a global context when it comes to deep decarbonization?
Robert Bonnie: Yeah, I think there's no question that it's a significant challenge. On the other hand, if you look at the history of forests over the last 50, 60, 70 years there have been significant investments in plantations in the US and in plantations across the globe. We do not have a shortage of timber right now. In fact, if anything, we've got more timber than we can utilize. I mentioned my family property in South Carolina. We sold pulpwood 25 years ago. Pulpwood being used for paper production. We sold it at a higher price then than we do now in both nominal and real terms. And so we've actually done very well in investing in forest production. And so if we create incentives for landowners and countries to do that, our history tells us that they'll respond to those incentives.
But it means that we have to create value for standing forests. People have to want to invest in those forests and that value can be created through its market incentives as well as governmental incentives. But that's ultimately is what's going to dictate the level of investment. And as I mentioned before, we also have a lot of people we need to feed and that means the food system needs to get more efficient in growing food on, if anything, a shrinking land base.
At the same time, we have huge issues related to food waste and other things. That's another area where it can get far more efficient. And so in some senses, climate change is going to mean our land use gets more intensive. We're going to more intensively grow forests in some places, we're going to more intensively grow food in other places, but it also means we need to make room for wilderness and wildlife and other things. And so that's another piece of the puzzle that we're going to have to figure out as well. I am optimistic that we can do it, but I think we also just need to be clear eyed about the fact that this is going to require as I've said throughout, sort of public and private investment.
Daniel Raimi: That makes sense. And so sometimes when I talk to people who are looking at these long term scenarios and the role of biomass with CCS, they sort of immediately write off the role of forest energy as just unrealistically ambitious in terms of some of those scenarios, but you don't necessarily see it that way.
Robert Bonnie: No. And of course it's not going to be uniform everywhere. There are going to be pockets where it's incredibly efficient. But we don't use quite as much paper as we used to and so there's a gap in the market in places and that's why you've seen companies like Enviva and others in the South actually be able to come in and produce biomass. They're producing pellets for export. And they're able to do that because there's excess timber supply in places like that. And so again, we've shown that landowners will respond to incentives. Everything we think about in terms of climate policy is pretty ambitious. And the land sector is equally ambitious. And so can I guarantee you that the sector will be able to provide what it needs to provide? No, but I'm also quite optimistic that there will be, if we get the incentives right that the landowners and countries will respond.
Daniel Raimi: That makes sense. And so fascinating learning about this stuff. As I said at the outset, this is not an area where I know a whole lot or I've done much research so thank you so much for sharing all of this, really fascinating discussion.
And so let's move now to our last segment of the show where we ask all of our guests what is on the top of your literal or metaphorical reading stack? As you mentioned, it might not be a paper reading stack and it might be on your desktop computer. For me, I've just finished a really fun book that doesn't really have anything to do with forests, but it does have a lot to do with energy. It's a book called Boom Town by Sam Anderson, who's a New York Times Magazine reporter, and it's based on a number of years he spent in Oklahoma City over the last several years.
And it's sort of a history of Oklahoma city, including the sort of land rush in the outset of the city, which is really fascinating. And then it sort of zooms up to the present day and it talks about the quirkiness of Oklahoma City in a variety of ways, and it talks a lot about its basketball team and talks a lot about a guy named Wayne Coyne who is the lead singer for the Flaming Lips, who is sort of an Oklahoma City institution. It talks about city planning and revitalization and obviously energy is sort of imbued throughout this book because it's Oklahoma City and there's a lot of oil and gas sort of headquartered there. If you want to learn about Oklahoma City and have some fun while you do it, definitely check out Boom Town.
Robert Bonnie: Will do.
Daniel Raimi: But how about you Robert? What's on the top of your stack?
Robert Bonnie: I'll give you two books. One is a book called Between Two Fires by a professor named Stephen Pyne, who's been a real thought leader in sort of the fire history, both ecological and the political and policy history around fire in the US. And it's a story of how fire has been treated over the last couple hundred years in the US and particularly focus since the founding of the Forest Service and how the understanding and role of fire has changed both scientifically but within the agency and how organizations like the Tall Timber Research Station in Tallahassee, Florida I should say. And the Nature Conservancy and others have worked to change the way fires dealt with in the US and anybody who watches the news in the summer and sees these large, large fires, Pyne's book will give you a sense of how we got to where we are today.
The other book I'd mention is, and I'm not, I have only just started it, but is Sapiens and a great book about the homo sapiens. And one of the interesting things to me there is, is the role of agriculture and the rise of agriculture and human society, the impact that that had. But the other thing that's really interesting to me is the role that early humans played in shaping ecosystems. We think about, in the US, we always sort of have this mythology of this great wilderness that settlers showed up to confront in the early years of America. In truth, there were millions of native Americans out there shaping the landscape and managing it with fire. And so that story is, it was very interesting to me. And as I said, I'm not through Sapiens, but I would highly recommend both books.
Daniel Raimi: Yeah, fantastic. Between Two Fires and Sapiens. Sapiens actually was recommended a few months ago. We had Matt Lapore who used to be the commissioner of the Colorado Oklahoma Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and now he's in the private sector, but he recommended that book as well, so I'll have to add it to my own stack.
Robert Bonnie: Good book.
Daniel Raimi: Great. Well, Robert Bonnie from Duke University, thank you so much for talking to us about forests and the role they play in energy ecosystems, wildfire and climate change and so much more.
Robert Bonnie: Excellent. Good to be with you.
Daniel Raimi: Thank you so much for joining us on Resources Radio. We'd love to hear what you think, so please rate us on iTunes or leave us a review. It helps us spread the word. Also, feel free to send us your suggestions for future episodes. Resources Radio is a podcast from Resources for the Future. RFF is an independent, nonprofit research institution in Washington DC. Our mission is to improve environmental, energy and natural resource decisions through impartial economic research and policy engagement. Learn more about us at rff.org.
The views expressed on this podcast are solely those of the participants. They do not necessarily represent the views of Resources for the Future, which does not take institutional positions on public policies. Resources Radio is produced by Kate Petersen with music by Daniel Raimi. Join us next week for another episode.
Robert Bonnie
Rubenstein Fellow, Duke University


At the Hochschule Bremen (City University of Applied Sciences Bremen) there is a long tradition with the development and test from safety related equipment for ships. Since 50 years we work together with international certification agencies like DNV GL, Lloyd´s Register, IACS, Bureau Veritas. For example we developed together the first guidelines for Air pipe closing devices, which were resumed later worldwide. It contains the first tightness and flow characteristics tests. A distinction is made between weathertight and watertight. Weather tightness is important for the normal operation of the ship. All equipment should seal against rain and waves. Water tightness of the equipment is of interest when the ship is capsized.


ODK honor society adds 20 new ..
When the Paul W. Martin Sr. Honors Building was dedicated in 2004, there were just seven undergraduate theses by Honors students. Eight years later, in the 2011–12 academic year, the number of students working on theses had grown to 55. That near eight-fold increase in eight years bodes well for MTSU's continued status as the top destination for Tennessee's best and brightest students.
Current enrollment in the University Honors College includes dozens of high school valedictorians and several National Merit Finalists. In fall 2011, 416 entering freshmen enrolled in the University Honors College. Their collective high school grade point average was 3.816, and their average ACT score was 28.04. Recipients of the Buchanan Fellowship—the most prestigious scholarship MTSU offers and which is provided to 20 incoming freshmen each year—constituted an elite within this elite. In 2011, the average entering Buchanan Fellow had a 3.9 grade point average and an average ACT of 31.


I am not lesser than anyone else in any mean. I have everything required to help a student in my domain.
I am confident and capable to deliver the best to the student.
Precise explanation with real-time examples makes the student clear and fun.
Most importantly Love to teach and transfer my knowledge.
I had been inspired by my teachers who taught me in my Schooling days as well as Post Graduation. The way they teach their students has inspired me to be a teacher.
MCA having 12 years of IT Experience in Offshore and Onsite.
Worked with different technologies and domains.
Expertise in SQL and Database designing with query optimisation.
Want to give support for live project as per industry standard and technology .
I have 3 years of teaching experience in both cbse & matriculation students for all subjects.
I have taken tuition from 6 to 10 standard in Chennai India.
Also will teach Tamil and English languages.
Teaching with practical and train to industry standard.
Give more examples and industry oriented teaching as technical and project guidence.
Teachnto engineering students all computer science subjects.
Provide teaching to all students and new to industry.


text:
Q: Having issue with push(''/') what could be wrong? I am using the connected react router for routing in my project. It seems to work as expected unless I use push('/'). This does not change the URL. If i remove exact from the route definition it changes the content shown to be what I want but not the URL.
The project versions I am using are:
"react-router-dom": "^6.2.1",
"react": "^17.0.2",
"connected-react-router": "^6.9.2"

What could be causing the issue?
Edit: here is a sample of my configuration.
ReactDOM.render(
    <React.StrictMode>
        <Provider store={store}>
            <OidcProvider store={store} userManager={userManager}>
                <AppContextProvider>
                    <ThemeProvider theme={theme}>
                        <SnackbarProvider maxSnack={10}>
                            <Layout>
                                <ConnectedRouter history={history}>
                                    <Switch>
                                        <Route exact path="/" component={Home} />
                                        <Route path="/callback" component={CallbackPage} />
                                        <Route path="/user" component={Users} />
                                        <Route path="/login" component={Login} />
                                        <Route path="/register" component={Register} />
                                        <Route path="/account" component={MyAccount} />
                                        <Route path="/userdetails/:id" component={UserPage} />
                                    </Switch>
                                </ConnectedRouter>
                            </Layout>
                        </SnackbarProvider>
                    </ThemeProvider>
                </AppContextProvider>
            </OidcProvider>
        </Provider>
    </React.StrictMode>,
    document.getElementById('root'),
);


text:
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Athletics / Sports
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Community Improvement / Development
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Women / Girls
NPO Spotlight
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Donor/Grants Management Software
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Fundraising Consultants/Grantwriters
Investment/Financial Services
Medical Writing/Editing
Nonprofit Management/Staffing Resources
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Real Estate/Office Rentals
Video Productions/Presentations
Web Development/Design
<Advertisement>
Home Columns The Sustainable Nonprofit A Quick Guide to Digital Marketing for Nonprofits
A Quick Guide to Digital Marketing for Nonprofits
Daniel Ross	| May 11, 2018
Donating to charity has changed for the better over the last few years. These days, pretty much everything takes place online, and giving to charity or supporting a good cause is no different. Which is why charities and nonprofits hoping to stand out had better have a robust online presence.
There are lots of ways to do that, but here are a few basics your organization should be thinking about:
1. Email marketing. Email is one of the best ways to reach supporters and potential donors. Whether your goal is to boost the number of subscribers to your newsletter, keep supporters and volunteers up to date on recent developments, or kick off a fundraising campaign, email is one of the least expensive and most effective ways to do it.
But it's important that your email content and presentation be engaging. Emails that consist of big chunks of dry text and cliched images are more likely to hurt than help. Try to send two but no more than four emails a month — and don't forget to include a CTA (call to action)! (You'd be surprised how many organizations don't.)
One good solution for those just getting into email marketing is MailChimp, an email marketing platform/service that makes it easy to format and structure your email newsletters for maximum impact.
2. Social media presence. Social media has changed the world — mostly for the better. It's a great tool for charities and nonprofits, not least because platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Pinterest make it easy to share all sorts of campaign materials. With a few lines of code, you can also add social sharing buttons to your website and emails. Why is that important? The more people who follow you, the more donations you're going to receive!
3. Donation pages. Your organization's donation pages should be clear and to the point. People just don't have the time to comb through paragraphs of information and instructions — you want to make it as easy for them to donate to your organization online as it is to purchase a book or a buy pair of socks.
Make sure you also provide a recurring donation option for people who are willing to commit smaller amounts on a monthly basis. They're not likely to notice the extra $5 or $10 out of their budget every month, but over time your charity or nonprofit will. Making it easy for supporters to donate to your organization on a recurring basis also helps keep supporters connected to your organization and cause over the longer term.
Lastly, don't forget to make it easy for others to share your donation page with friends, family members, and their social networks.
4. Content. The more content you put out, the more you'll be seen as an organization with something to say. That means creating informative articles, fact sheets, and other digital resources on a regular basis. If your organization can demonstrate that it knows what it's doing, is a great source of information about its particular cause, and gets results, donors with an interest in that cause are going to want to support you.
The quality of your content also is important. Make sure your copy is concise and professionally edited — and try to break it up with powerful images. Images that highlight your organization's activities are great, as are those that depict the people and places you're having a positive impact on. )
Your goal is to tell the story of how your organization does good in the world. When told well, others will want to be a part of that story. And don't forget to optimize your content for mobile.
5. Regular engagement with supporters. Rule No. 1: Don't forget to say thank you. Nonprofits and charities that acknowledge every donation are much more likely to receive follow-up donations from their supporters than nonprofits and charities that don't. And when you thank your supporters, ask them to share the fact they supported you via their social networks. Believe it or not, most people will be happy to do so. You can even create automated email responses that reduce the amount of work required on your part.
6. Your website. I probably don't need to remind you that your website should be as clear and easy to navigate as your email and other marketing materials.
That said, there are a few things you can do on a website to maximize lead generation and gift revenue that you can't do with email. For example, adding pop ups to your site is a good way to get people to sign up for your newsletters and to collect the contact information of folks who may become donors down the road.
By paying attention to all of the above, your organization will improve its chances of securing new and recurring gifts from supporters and potential supporters. Those same supporters will be more receptive to hearing about your recent activities and successes. And when you acknowledge their support, they'll be more likely to share your content via their social media channels and to remember you the next time you ask them to make a gift or donation.
Daniel Ross is part of the marketing team at Roubler, a scheduling and payroll software platform whose mission is to change the way the world manages its workforce.
Subjects: nonprofit management
People: daniel ross
Organization: roubler
May 3, 2019	Nonprofits' Online Revenue Grew 1 Percent in 2018, Study Finds
October 31, 2018	Giving to Charities Reflects Growing Wealth Gap
April 26, 2018	Nonprofits Boosting Use of Digital Fundraising, Advocacy, Study Finds
April 27, 2017	Small Social Service Charities Struggle to Reach Donors
April 26, 2017	Nonprofits' Online Revenue Increased 14 Percent in 2016, Study Finds
May 16, 2015	Bill and Sue Gross Have Given $700 Million, With $2 Billion to Go
THE SUSTAINABLE NONPROFIT
Donor Retention: 5 Modern Strategies to Maintain Growth
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