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You searched for subject:(Carbocycles). Showing records 1 – 18 of 18 total matches.
1. Sunasee, Rajesh. Methodology and natural product synthesis: carbocycles, culpin and sorbicillactone A.
Degree: PhD, Department of Chemistry, 2009, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/xp68kg66z
► The first chapter of this thesis describes the development of a general method for indirectly effecting radical carbocyclization of an alkyl chain onto an aromatic… (more)
▼ The first chapter of this thesis describes the development of a general method for indirectly effecting radical carbocyclization of an alkyl chain onto an aromatic ring. This process involves a Birch reductive alkylation of aromatic tert-butyl esters, chromium(VI)-mediated oxidation and radical cyclization. The cyclized products are easily aromatized by Saegusa oxidation and treatment with bismuth trichloride. This method forms five- and six-membered benzo-fused carbocycles. Modification allows both formation of non-phenolic products, and the introduction of an additional substituent on the original aromatic ring. The second chapter describes a method for converting tert-butyl benzoates or tert-butyl 1-naphthoates into derivatives having a substituted alkyl group in a 1,4-relationship to an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl or alkynyl group. Key steps in the process involve addition of an organometallic species to a cross-conjugated cyclohexadienone followed by treatment with bismuth trichloride, which results in spontaneous decarboxylative aromatization. The method was successfully applied to the synthesis of the antimicrobial fungal metabolite culpin. The last chapter of this thesis describes synthetic studies towards the marine antileukemic alkaloid, sorbicillactone A. Studies towards the core structure of sorbicillactone A have resulted in a new method of desymmetrization of cross-conjugated cyclohexadienones. The key step involves a highly diastereoselective iodoetherification and radical cyclization, which affords a product that can be elaborated into a γ-lactone.
Subjects/Keywords: sorbicillactone A; bismuth trichloride; culpin; desymmetrization; carbocycles
Sunasee, R. (2009). Methodology and natural product synthesis: carbocycles, culpin and sorbicillactone A . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/xp68kg66z
Sunasee, Rajesh. "Methodology and natural product synthesis: carbocycles, culpin and sorbicillactone A." 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/xp68kg66z.
Sunasee, Rajesh. "Methodology and natural product synthesis: carbocycles, culpin and sorbicillactone A." 2009. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Sunasee R. Methodology and natural product synthesis: carbocycles, culpin and sorbicillactone A. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/xp68kg66z.
Sunasee R. Methodology and natural product synthesis: carbocycles, culpin and sorbicillactone A. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2009. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/xp68kg66z
2. Miller, Donald Bruce. Structure and chemistry of photodimers of trans-beta-nitrostyrene.
Degree: PhD, Graduate School, 1957, The Ohio State University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562984502
Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; Nitrostyrene; Carbocycles
Miller, D. B. (1957). Structure and chemistry of photodimers of trans-beta-nitrostyrene . (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562984502
Miller, Donald Bruce. "Structure and chemistry of photodimers of trans-beta-nitrostyrene." 1957. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562984502.
Miller, Donald Bruce. "Structure and chemistry of photodimers of trans-beta-nitrostyrene." 1957. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Miller DB. Structure and chemistry of photodimers of trans-beta-nitrostyrene. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1957. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562984502.
Miller DB. Structure and chemistry of photodimers of trans-beta-nitrostyrene. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1957. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562984502
3. Sreedharan, Dinesh. Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbocycles by Intramolecular Conjugate Displacement & Synthetic Studies on Sorbicillactone A.
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ccc08hf63g
► The first chapter of this thesis describes an intramolecular conjugate displacement (ICD) for the asymmetric synthesis of carbocycles using a carbon nucleophile. The precursors for… (more)
▼ The first chapter of this thesis describes an intramolecular conjugate displacement (ICD) for the asymmetric synthesis of carbocycles using a carbon nucleophile. The precursors for ICD were synthesized by Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction between (5R)-5-(l-menthyloxy)-2(5H)-furanone and aldehydes, which carry a geminal phenylthio groups in the γ or δ position. Acetylation of the resulting hydroxyl group, followed by oxidation of the phenylthio groups to phenylsulfonyl groups gave the desired ICD precursor which, on treatment with a base, underwent ring closure by intramolecular conjugate displacement. Hydrogenation, DIBAL-H reduction and desulfonylation releases an optically pure carbocycle. The second chapter describes studies aimed at the synthesis of the bioactive marine alkaloid sorbicillactone A. During this project, much of the carbon skeleton of sorbicillactone A was assembled, and studies to finish the total synthesis are in progress. The key reactions involved in this project are radical-mediated cyclization to synthesize the bicyclic core, 1,4 addition of a phenyldimethylsilyl unit, followed by trapping of the intermediate with methyl iodide and, finally, a one pot process for ketal protection and iodolactonization. After the successful installation of nitrogen at C-3, current research is directed at the installation of a methyl group at the same C-3 position.
Subjects/Keywords: asymmetric synthesis of carbocycles; optically pure carbocycles; intramolecular conjugate displacement; sorbicillactone A
Sreedharan, D. (2013). Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbocycles by Intramolecular Conjugate Displacement & Synthetic Studies on Sorbicillactone A . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ccc08hf63g
Sreedharan, Dinesh. "Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbocycles by Intramolecular Conjugate Displacement & Synthetic Studies on Sorbicillactone A." 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ccc08hf63g.
Sreedharan, Dinesh. "Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbocycles by Intramolecular Conjugate Displacement & Synthetic Studies on Sorbicillactone A." 2013. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Sreedharan D. Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbocycles by Intramolecular Conjugate Displacement & Synthetic Studies on Sorbicillactone A. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ccc08hf63g.
Sreedharan D. Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbocycles by Intramolecular Conjugate Displacement & Synthetic Studies on Sorbicillactone A. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2013. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ccc08hf63g
4. Liu, Rui. Ruthenium (II) - catalysed enyne carbocyclization reactions : Carbocyclisations d'énynes catalysées par les complexes du ruthénium.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences Chimiques, 2017, Ecole centrale de Marseille
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0004
Cette thèse porte sur les réactions de cyclisation des 1,6-enynes impliquant des catalyseurs de ruthénium. Trois types différents de cyclisation ont été élaborés à partir… (more)
Cette thèse porte sur les réactions de cyclisation des 1,6-enynes impliquant des catalyseurs de ruthénium. Trois types différents de cyclisation ont été élaborés à partir de précurseurs facilement disponibles, tels que les 1,6-enynes et alcynes. Dans un premier temps, une nouvelle cyclisation hydroalcynylante des 1,6-enynes, à l'aide d'alcynes terminaux comme co-réactifs, catalysée par le ruthenium a été explorée. Cette réaction fournit une méthode de synthèse de cycles à cinq chaînons doté d'un motif 1,5-enyne exocyclique. Un complexe du ruthenium neutre et riche en électrons, Cp*Ru(cod)Cl, s'est avéré être le catalyseur de choix de ces transformations. Dans un deuxième temps, en utilisant le même complexe, la cycloaddition [2+2+2] des 1,6-enynes et alcynes catalysée par le ruthénium a été développée. Les alcynes internes et terminaux sont appropriés pour accéder en une seule étape aux bicyclohexadienes avec de hauts rendements. Une bicycloannulation inhabitelle des 1,6-enynes, intégrant un atome d'azote, catalysée par le ruthénium a également été élaborée. Pour ces cyclisations, seul un complexe du ruthénium électrophile et alkynophile tel que [RuCl2(CO)3]2 a été en mesure d'effectuer la réaction. La formation exclusive des 3-azabicylo[4.1.0]hept-1-enes a été observée avec les 1,6-enynes dotés d'une unité alcyne interne. Ces réactions de cyclisation, respectant le principe des réactions à économie d'atome, sont discutées et sur la base de leur mécanisme de formation.
This dissertation focuses on cyclization reactions of 1,6-enynes involving ruthenium catalysts. Three different types of cyclization were developed from readily available precursors, such as 1,6-enynes and alkynes. In one application, a novel ruthenium-catalyzed hydroalkynylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes using terminal alkynes as co-reactants was explored. This reaction provides and entry to five-membered rings featuring an exocyclic 1,5-enyne motif. A neutral electron-rich ruthenium complex Cp*Ru(cod)Cl proved to be the catalyst of choice for these transformations. In another application, using the same complex, the ruthenium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of 1,6-enynes and alkynes was developed. Both internal and terminal alkynes were suitable substrates to access bicyclohexadienes with high yields in a single step. An intriguing ruthenium-catalyzed bicycloannulation of nitrogen-tethered 1,6-enynes has also been developed. For these cyclizations, only the electrophilic and alkynophilic ruthenium complex [RuCl2(CO)3]2 was able to perform the reaction. The exclusive formation of 3-azabicylo[4.1.0]hept-1-enes was observed with 1,6-enynes featuring an internal alkyne unit. These cyclization reactions fulfil the atom-economical reactions principle and are discussed on the basis of their mechanisms of formation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tenaglia, Alphonse (thesis director), Giordano, Laurent (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Énynes; Catalyse; Ruthénium; Cycles carbonés; Enynes; Catalysis; Ruthenium; Carbocycles
Liu, R. (2017). Ruthenium (II) - catalysed enyne carbocyclization reactions : Carbocyclisations d'énynes catalysées par les complexes du ruthénium . (Doctoral Dissertation). Ecole centrale de Marseille. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0004
Liu, Rui. "Ruthenium (II) - catalysed enyne carbocyclization reactions : Carbocyclisations d'énynes catalysées par les complexes du ruthénium." 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Ecole centrale de Marseille. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0004.
Liu, Rui. "Ruthenium (II) - catalysed enyne carbocyclization reactions : Carbocyclisations d'énynes catalysées par les complexes du ruthénium." 2017. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Liu R. Ruthenium (II) - catalysed enyne carbocyclization reactions : Carbocyclisations d'énynes catalysées par les complexes du ruthénium. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Ecole centrale de Marseille; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0004.
Liu R. Ruthenium (II) - catalysed enyne carbocyclization reactions : Carbocyclisations d'énynes catalysées par les complexes du ruthénium. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Ecole centrale de Marseille; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0004
5. Ramann, Ginelle A. Quinolines: Novel Synthesis and Derivatives of Heterocyclic Bioactive Agents.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2016, U of Denver
URL: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1116
► Tuberculosis is a pulmonary disease that has ravaged the world throughout history. Even today, many developed and developing countries are experiencing this plight, made… (more)
▼ Tuberculosis is a pulmonary disease that has ravaged the world throughout history. Even today, many developed and developing countries are experiencing this plight, made worse by the scourge of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis's class II fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase presents an interesting target in the design of new therapies against this disease. Previous attempts to construct an inhibitor to this enzyme fell short due to poor selectivity or poor cellular uptake. However a new class of noncompetitive inhibitor based on 8-hydoxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid presents a fresh approach. Preliminary studies indicate various modifications to this scaffold could be beneficial to its inhibitory efficacy. Modifications made to the phenol ring of the quinoline included small hydrophobic moieties such as methyl groups and fluorine. Additionally various carboxylic acid derivatives were installed next to the nitrogen of the heteroring. These derivatives included esters, amides, carbamates and ureas, and heterocycles. Biochemical testing of these compounds is ongoing but is already showing promising results. Many methods exist for the construction of quinoline rings systems, which can be utilized based on the pattern of substitution desired. Synthesis of heteroring-unsubstituted quinolines, however, has historically presented more of a challenge. Herein is described a novel method of cyclizing anilines with acrolein diethyl acetal to form these desired structures. This method produces quinolines with various substitutions on the phenyl ring in moderate to high yields without the use of harsh oxidants, extended reaction times, or organic solvents. The Lewis base-catalyzed annulation of allenoates with alkene acceptors in [3+2] cycloadditions is a new but burgeoning field. Many acceptors have been used in these reactions, but the use of quinones is unprecedented. Due to the highly reactive nature of quinones, it became necessary to screen various Lewis bases that would catalyze the reaction without being oxidized by the quinone. This is an ongoing investigation but is promising in the production of novel carbocycles that have potential benefits in medicinal chemistry. Advisors/Committee Members: Bryan J. Cowen, Ph.D..
Subjects/Keywords: Novel carbocycles; Medicinal chemistry; Quinones; Chemistry; Organic Chemistry
Ramann, G. A. (2016). Quinolines: Novel Synthesis and Derivatives of Heterocyclic Bioactive Agents . (Doctoral Dissertation). U of Denver. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1116
Ramann, Ginelle A. "Quinolines: Novel Synthesis and Derivatives of Heterocyclic Bioactive Agents." 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, U of Denver. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1116.
Ramann, Ginelle A. "Quinolines: Novel Synthesis and Derivatives of Heterocyclic Bioactive Agents." 2016. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Ramann GA. Quinolines: Novel Synthesis and Derivatives of Heterocyclic Bioactive Agents. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. U of Denver; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1116.
Ramann GA. Quinolines: Novel Synthesis and Derivatives of Heterocyclic Bioactive Agents. [Doctoral Dissertation]. U of Denver; 2016. Available from: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1116
University of Western Ontario
6. Piotrowski, Mathew L. The Synthesis of Heterocycles and Carbocycles and Work Towards Kainic Acid.
Degree: 2019, University of Western Ontario
URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6641
► This thesis focuses on the synthesis of a variety of heterocycles and carbocycles such as pyrrolidines, dihydrofurans, dihydropyrroles, cyclopentenes, and 2,5-dihydrooxepines. Traditional synthetic methods are… (more)
▼ This thesis focuses on the synthesis of a variety of heterocycles and carbocycles such as pyrrolidines, dihydrofurans, dihydropyrroles, cyclopentenes, and 2,5-dihydrooxepines. Traditional synthetic methods are discussed first, followed by the manipulation of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes towards the above-mentioned compounds. This leads to a discussion about an important pyrrolidine-containing natural product known as kainic acid. Kainic acid has been studied in the neuroscience field for its biological properties which have led to a better understanding of common human neurological disorders like epilepsy, Huntington's disease and the after-effects of strokes. Chapter two focuses on a common rearrangement of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes known as the Cloke-Wilson reaction. Without isolating the desired cyclopropane, two modes of reactivity were observed which depended solely on the choice of starting reagent. The first was the traditional Cloke-Wilson rearrangement generating dihydrofurans and the second was a vinylogous variant forming 2,5-dihydrooxepines. It was discovered that with careful choice of Lewis acid or transition metal catalysts, each of the obtained compounds can be manipulated to other dihydrofuran derivatives or dihydropyrrole heterocycles. One of the dihydropyrrole compounds obtained was deemed as a viable synthetic precursor towards kainic acid. Chapter three describes the synthetic efforts towards kainic acid utilizing the methodology from chapter two. The difficulties towards this natural molecule will be presented with the major issue resulting from stereochemical constraints. This resulted in the successful synthesis of β-allokainic acid which is one of the less active isomers of naturally occurring kainic acid. Chapter four discloses a single-step manipulation of the dihydrofurans synthesized via Cloke-Wilson rearrangement to their corresponding cyclopentenes. Extensive screening of Lewis acids and solvents provided insights into the possible mechanism of this reaction.
Subjects/Keywords: Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes; Kainic Acid; Cloke-Wilson Rearrangement; Heterocycles; Carbocycles; Rearrangement Reactions; Organic Chemistry
Piotrowski, M. L. (2019). The Synthesis of Heterocycles and Carbocycles and Work Towards Kainic Acid . (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6641
Piotrowski, Mathew L. "The Synthesis of Heterocycles and Carbocycles and Work Towards Kainic Acid." 2019. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6641.
Piotrowski, Mathew L. "The Synthesis of Heterocycles and Carbocycles and Work Towards Kainic Acid." 2019. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Piotrowski ML. The Synthesis of Heterocycles and Carbocycles and Work Towards Kainic Acid. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6641.
Piotrowski ML. The Synthesis of Heterocycles and Carbocycles and Work Towards Kainic Acid. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6641
7. Deb, Biswajit. Investigations on oxoketene S,S_agetals newer synthetic methods for novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -.
Degree: Chemistry, 1990, North-Eastern Hill University
URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54758
Abstract available newline newline
Advisors/Committee Members: Ila, H.
Subjects/Keywords: Investigations; Oxoketene S; S_agetals; Novel Carbocycles; Heterocycles
Deb, B. (1990). Investigations on oxoketene S,S_agetals newer synthetic methods for novel carbocycles and heterocycles; - . (Thesis). North-Eastern Hill University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54758
Deb, Biswajit. "Investigations on oxoketene S,S_agetals newer synthetic methods for novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -." 1990. Thesis, North-Eastern Hill University. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54758.
Deb, Biswajit. "Investigations on oxoketene S,S_agetals newer synthetic methods for novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -." 1990. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Deb B. Investigations on oxoketene S,S_agetals newer synthetic methods for novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1990. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54758.
Deb B. Investigations on oxoketene S,S_agetals newer synthetic methods for novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -. [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1990. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54758
8. Kishore, Kaushal. New synthetic routes to carbocycles and heterocycles via alpha_oxoketene dithioacetals; -.
Abstract not available newline newline
Advisors/Committee Members: Ila, H, Junjappa, H.
Subjects/Keywords: New Synthetic Routes; Carbocycles; Heterocycles; Alpha_Oxoketene Dithioacetals
Kishore, K. (1999). New synthetic routes to carbocycles and heterocycles via alpha_oxoketene dithioacetals; - . (Thesis). North-Eastern Hill University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54927
Kishore, Kaushal. "New synthetic routes to carbocycles and heterocycles via alpha_oxoketene dithioacetals; -." 1999. Thesis, North-Eastern Hill University. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54927.
Kishore, Kaushal. "New synthetic routes to carbocycles and heterocycles via alpha_oxoketene dithioacetals; -." 1999. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Kishore K. New synthetic routes to carbocycles and heterocycles via alpha_oxoketene dithioacetals; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1999. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54927.
Kishore K. New synthetic routes to carbocycles and heterocycles via alpha_oxoketene dithioacetals; -. [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1999. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54927
9. Sriram, V. Synthetic studies on alpha_oxoketene, dithioacetals; -.
Subjects/Keywords: Synthetic Studies; Alpha-Oxoketene; Dithioacetals; Carbocycles; Heterocycles; Nucleophiles
Sriram, V. (1999). Synthetic studies on alpha_oxoketene, dithioacetals; - . (Thesis). North-Eastern Hill University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/55252
Sriram, V. "Synthetic studies on alpha_oxoketene, dithioacetals; -." 1999. Thesis, North-Eastern Hill University. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/55252.
Sriram, V. "Synthetic studies on alpha_oxoketene, dithioacetals; -." 1999. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Sriram V. Synthetic studies on alpha_oxoketene, dithioacetals; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1999. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/55252.
Sriram V. Synthetic studies on alpha_oxoketene, dithioacetals; -. [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1999. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/55252
10. Mehta, Saurabh. Palladium-catalyzed and electrophilic cyclization approaches to important heterocycles and carbocycles.
Degree: 2009, Iowa State University
URL: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/10951
► Several new and synthetically useful approaches involving palladium catalysis and electrophilic cyclization have been described for the synthesis of potentially medicinally and industrially important heterocycles… (more)
▼ Several new and synthetically useful approaches involving palladium catalysis and electrophilic cyclization have been described for the synthesis of potentially medicinally and industrially important heterocycles and carbocycles. The methods used are quite general and have been utilized to synthesize a wide variety of important heterocyclic and carbocyclic ring systems including isochromenes, cyclic imidates, as well as linear and fused polyheterocyclic compounds (PHCs) containing benzofurans, benzothiophenes, indoles, and isocoumarin subunits.
Subjects/Keywords: Carbocycles; Cyclization; Electrophilic; Heterocycles; Iodine; Palladium; Chemistry
Mehta, S. (2009). Palladium-catalyzed and electrophilic cyclization approaches to important heterocycles and carbocycles . (Thesis). Iowa State University. Retrieved from https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/10951
Mehta, Saurabh. "Palladium-catalyzed and electrophilic cyclization approaches to important heterocycles and carbocycles." 2009. Thesis, Iowa State University. Accessed January 20, 2021. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/10951.
Mehta, Saurabh. "Palladium-catalyzed and electrophilic cyclization approaches to important heterocycles and carbocycles." 2009. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Mehta S. Palladium-catalyzed and electrophilic cyclization approaches to important heterocycles and carbocycles. [Internet] [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/10951.
Mehta S. Palladium-catalyzed and electrophilic cyclization approaches to important heterocycles and carbocycles. [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2009. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/10951
11. Sherrill, William M. Development of Novel Transition Metal Catalyzed Transformations Involving Small, Strained Carbocycles.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2009, University of Kansas
► This document deals with 3-membered carbocycles; their use as ligands for the asymmetric Heck reaction (AHR), the development of novel methods for their synthesis, and… (more)
▼ This document deals with 3-membered carbocycles; their use as ligands for the asymmetric Heck reaction (AHR), the development of novel methods for their synthesis, and reactions for their further functionalization. The first chapter discusses a novel class of cyclopropyl containing phosphanyl-oxazoline (PHOX) ligands which were developed for the palladium catalyzed AHR coupling of aryl-triflates with furans. The following chapter addresses the development of a high-throughput method for the asymmetric hydroformylation of styrenes. The final chapter discusses two methods for the synthesis of cyclopropenes, one of which involves the using of 18-crown-6 for facilitation of the dehydrobromination of cyclopropyl monobromides. The cyclopropenes obtained via these methods were then used in the development of an asymmetric, rhodium catalyzed hydroformylation process which resulted in the formation of chiral, non-racemic cyclopropylcarboxaldehydes in reasonable yield and ee. Advisors/Committee Members: Rubin, Michael (advisor), Benson, David R. (cmtemember), Hanson, Paul R. (cmtemember), Barybin, Mikhail V. (cmtemember), Scurto, Aaron M (cmtemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Organic chemistry; Asymmetric; Carbocycles; Cyclopropene; Heck reaction; Hydroformylation; Synthesis
Sherrill, W. M. (2009). Development of Novel Transition Metal Catalyzed Transformations Involving Small, Strained Carbocycles . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Kansas. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1808/5260
Sherrill, William M. "Development of Novel Transition Metal Catalyzed Transformations Involving Small, Strained Carbocycles." 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Kansas. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/5260.
Sherrill, William M. "Development of Novel Transition Metal Catalyzed Transformations Involving Small, Strained Carbocycles." 2009. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Sherrill WM. Development of Novel Transition Metal Catalyzed Transformations Involving Small, Strained Carbocycles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Kansas; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/5260.
Sherrill WM. Development of Novel Transition Metal Catalyzed Transformations Involving Small, Strained Carbocycles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Kansas; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/5260
12. Αφρουδάκης, Παντελεήμων. Σχεδιασμός και σύνθεση νέων ετεροκυκλικών και καρβοκυκλικών ενώσεων με μελατονινεργική δράση.
Degree: 2011, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/35232
► In the context of this PhD thesis, the synthesis of a series of fused aromatic carbocyclic and heterocyclic melatoninergic compounds has been undertaken.In the introductory… (more)
▼ In the context of this PhD thesis, the synthesis of a series of fused aromatic carbocyclic and heterocyclic melatoninergic compounds has been undertaken.In the introductory chapter, an account of the endocrinological role of the hormone melatonin in mammals, followed by its therapeutic uses in man, is given. Next, a description of the receptors of melatonin is presented and some of the most interesting published melatoninergics are quoted. The introduction is concluded by a brief albeit detailed description of the aims of the present thesis and the design of the new compounds.In the subsequent chapter, a thorough description of the synthetic routes followed for the preparation of the new molecules, is given. The new melatoninergics belong to various chemical classes, which involve the conformationally constrained indole analogues 5 and 6, the tetracyclic compounds II, 12, 13 and 17, their analogues 25-27, 31, 32, 46-48, 53-55 and 39-41 and 65. Apart from these series, new cyclobuta- and cycloheptarenes, compounds 69-71, 77-79, 81-83, 87-89 and 102-104, 114-116, respectively were also prepared. The synthetic part of this chapter is concluded with the methods of preparation of the benzocycloheptenes 96-98 and 111-113.The new molecules were tested for their pharmacological activity, using the well-established Xenopus laevis pigment aggregation model. The indole analogues 5 and 6 are melatonin receptor agonists, with an affinity higher than that of melatonin. The tetracyclic compounds 12 and 13 are melatonin receptor agonists, whilst their gem-dimethyl side chain substituted congeners, II and 17, are partial agonists. Their analogues 25-27, 31, 32, 46-48, exhibit variable melatonin receptor activity ranging from pure agonistic (25-27) to pure antagonistic 31, 32, 46-48 and 53-55. Conversely, their congeners 39-41 and 65 are all pure antagonists. The action of the cyclobutarenes 69-71, 77-79, 81-83, 87-89 varies in accordance with the number of MeO substituents on the benzene nucleus and/or the length of the R group in the side chain. Thus, all the R2 (77-79) and R3 (81-83) monomethoxylated analogues are agonists. Conversely, with the exception of compound 69, their R1 monomethoxylated congeners 70 and 71 are partial agonists. The bis-methoxylated cyclobutarenes 88 and 89 are melatonin receptor agonists, whereas their counterpart 87 (R=Me) is a partialagonist. The cycloheptarenes 102-104 and 114-116 are all antagonists in the Xenopus model, whereas their benzocycloheptene congeners are either pure agonists (96-98) or pure antagonists (compounds 111-113).All new compounds possess stereoelectronic features, which enable them to act as agonist-partial agonist-antagonist molecular probe ―switches‖. An extension of the present thesis could involve the enantioselective synthesis of the most active racemic cyclobuta- and cycloheptarenes.
Subjects/Keywords: Αρωματικές ετεροκυκλικές ενώσεις; Αρωματικές καρβοκυκλικές ενώσεις; Μελατονινεργική δράση; Aromatic heterocycles compounds; Aromatic carbocycles compounds; Melatoninergic activity; Xenopus laevis
Αφρουδάκης, . �. (2011). Σχεδιασμός και σύνθεση νέων ετεροκυκλικών και καρβοκυκλικών ενώσεων με μελατονινεργική δράση . (Thesis). National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/35232
Αφρουδάκης, Παντελεήμων. "Σχεδιασμός και σύνθεση νέων ετεροκυκλικών και καρβοκυκλικών ενώσεων με μελατονινεργική δράση." 2011. Thesis, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ). Accessed January 20, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/35232.
Αφρουδάκης, Παντελεήμων. "Σχεδιασμός και σύνθεση νέων ετεροκυκλικών και καρβοκυκλικών ενώσεων με μελατονινεργική δράση." 2011. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Αφρουδάκης �. Σχεδιασμός και σύνθεση νέων ετεροκυκλικών και καρβοκυκλικών ενώσεων με μελατονινεργική δράση. [Internet] [Thesis]. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ); 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/35232.
Αφρουδάκης �. Σχεδιασμός και σύνθεση νέων ετεροκυκλικών και καρβοκυκλικών ενώσεων με μελατονινεργική δράση. [Thesis]. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ); 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/35232
13. Gupta, Arun Kumar. Investigations on oxoketene dithioacetals : new carbon_carbon bond forming reactions and their further transformations to novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -.
Subjects/Keywords: Oxoketene Dithioacetals; New Carbon_Carbon Bond Forming Reactions; Transformations; Novel Carbocycles; Heterocycles
Gupta, A. K. (1989). Investigations on oxoketene dithioacetals : new carbon_carbon bond forming reactions and their further transformations to novel carbocycles and heterocycles; - . (Thesis). North-Eastern Hill University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54747
Gupta, Arun Kumar. "Investigations on oxoketene dithioacetals : new carbon_carbon bond forming reactions and their further transformations to novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -." 1989. Thesis, North-Eastern Hill University. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54747.
Gupta, Arun Kumar. "Investigations on oxoketene dithioacetals : new carbon_carbon bond forming reactions and their further transformations to novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -." 1989. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Gupta AK. Investigations on oxoketene dithioacetals : new carbon_carbon bond forming reactions and their further transformations to novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1989. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54747.
Gupta AK. Investigations on oxoketene dithioacetals : new carbon_carbon bond forming reactions and their further transformations to novel carbocycles and heterocycles; -. [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1989. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54747
14. Balu, M P. Synthetic investigations on polarized ketene dithioacetals: novel methods for the synthesis of carbocycles and heterocycles; -.
Advisors/Committee Members: Junjappa, H.
Subjects/Keywords: Synthetic Investigations; Polarized Ketene Dithioacetals; Novel Methods; Synthesis; Carbocycles; Heterocycles
Balu, M. P. (1989). Synthetic investigations on polarized ketene dithioacetals: novel methods for the synthesis of carbocycles and heterocycles; - . (Thesis). North-Eastern Hill University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54767
Balu, M P. "Synthetic investigations on polarized ketene dithioacetals: novel methods for the synthesis of carbocycles and heterocycles; -." 1989. Thesis, North-Eastern Hill University. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54767.
Balu, M P. "Synthetic investigations on polarized ketene dithioacetals: novel methods for the synthesis of carbocycles and heterocycles; -." 1989. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Balu MP. Synthetic investigations on polarized ketene dithioacetals: novel methods for the synthesis of carbocycles and heterocycles; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1989. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54767.
Balu MP. Synthetic investigations on polarized ketene dithioacetals: novel methods for the synthesis of carbocycles and heterocycles; -. [Thesis]. North-Eastern Hill University; 1989. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/54767
15. Phun, Lien Hoang. Innovative approaches to carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds using strained carbocycles.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2013, Georgia Tech
► Natural products and small molecules play a major role in drug development. However, using natural products as a source of medicine comes with many challenges,… (more)
▼ Natural products and small molecules play a major role in drug development. However, using natural products as a source of medicine comes with many challenges, such as lack of natural abundance and difficulty in isolation. Consequently, synthetic organic chemistry is a solution in order to access these compounds in usable quantities. However, synthetic chemisty comes with its own challenges such as efficiency, chemoselectivity, stereoselectivity and enantioselectivity. Therefore, synthetic tools that addresses these challenges are required solve these limitations. This thesis discusses new methodologies using strained carbocycles (cyclopropanes and cyclopropenes) as the reactive subunit for the construction of different carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds. The homo-Nazarov cyclization of alkenyl and heteroaryl cyclopropyl ketones was used in order to construct cyclohexenones, cyclohexenols, heteroaryl ring-fused cyclohexenones, dihydrofurans, furans and furanones in a mild and efficient manner. Benzofused heteroaromatic compounds were achieved via the Lewis acid-catalyzed cycloisomerization of cyclopropene-3,3-dicarbonyls and furan-3-carboxylates. These heteroaromatic compounds can be applied to medicinal chemistry and material science. Advisors/Committee Members: [email protected] (Committee Chair), charles liotta (Committee Member), christoph fahrni (Committee Member), david collard (Committee Member), julia kubanek (Committee Member).
Subjects/Keywords: Furans; Carbocycles; Heterocycles; Cyclopropane; Cyclopropene; Diazo; Drug development; Pharmacognosy
…strained carbocycles led us to examine cyclopropene-3,3'-dicarbonyls as the reactive subunit… …carbocycles as the reactive subunit. In this thesis, new synthetic methodologies using cyclopropanes…
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Phun, L. H. (2013). Innovative approaches to carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds using strained carbocycles . (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47542
Phun, Lien Hoang. "Innovative approaches to carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds using strained carbocycles." 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47542.
Phun, Lien Hoang. "Innovative approaches to carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds using strained carbocycles." 2013. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Phun LH. Innovative approaches to carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds using strained carbocycles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47542.
Phun LH. Innovative approaches to carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds using strained carbocycles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47542
16. Barabe, Francis. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polycyclic Frameworks Related to Terpenes: Selective Divergent Synthesis of Fused Carbocycles .
Degree: 2013, University of Ottawa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29055
► Gold catalysis has become an important tool to achieve highly chemoselective p-acid activation. Exceptional reactivity and selectivity are often encountered under mild reaction conditions. These… (more)
▼ Gold catalysis has become an important tool to achieve highly chemoselective p-acid activation. Exceptional reactivity and selectivity are often encountered under mild reaction conditions. These properties have made gold(I) complexes suitable catalysts for tremendous applications in the total synthesis of natural products. The first chapter will highlight a number of total syntheses using gold catalysis as a key step. The second chapter will cover our application of the gold(I)-catalyzed 6-endo-dig carbocyclization for the synthesis of bridgehead-substituted scaffolds and its use toward the synthesis of PPAP natural products. This research has opened our eyes to the utility of biphenylphosphine ligands, particularly JohnPhos, in gold(I)-catalysis. The reactivity and selectivity exhibited by gold(I) complexes is modulated by the nature of the ancillary ligand. Recent research rationalizes the impact of these ligands on the divergent reactivity observed between cationic and carbenoid intermediates. Our desire to favor the 6-endo-dig pathway has led us toward the discovery of another example of the diagonal reactivity that NHC carbene and biphenylphosphine ligands can bring to gold(I)-catalysis. Chapter three will explain the development of a selective gold-catalyzed synthesis of fused carbocycles . Our selective divergent synthesis of fused carbocycles, combined with the Diels–Alder reaction, has brought new synthetic opportunities. Chapter four will describe our approach toward the synthesis of various polycyclic diterpene-related frameworks. Starting with a unique linear precursor, we have developed a new "one-pot" process for the synthesis of three different polycyclic compounds related to the terpenoid family. The facile modulation of the linear precursor and the use of different dienophiles during the Diels–Alder reaction could enable the synthesis of diverse polycyclic analogues based on three principal frameworks. The gold(I)-catalyzed synthesis of fused carbocycles reached some limitations during our study. Regioselective control was found to be substantially more challenging, with terminal alkynes or alkynes bearing a sterically and electronically neutral methyl substituent. In chapter five, we will discuss how the complementarity of silver(I) catalysis to gold(I) catalysis enabled the selective divergent synthesis of three different fused carbocycles from a unique precursor. Moreover, copper(I) catalysis has given access to the 6-endo-dig pathway on terminal alkynes without the formation of a vinylidene intermediate.
Subjects/Keywords: gold(I)-catalysis; carbocyclization; fused carbocycles; bridged carbocycles; PPAP natural product; silver(I)-catalysis; copper(I)-catalysis; tandem reaction
…Selective Divergent Synthesis of Fused Carbocycles via a Gold(I)-Catalyzed… …fused carbocycles �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ��. ��...64 3.10 Scope of the selective gold… …gold(I)catalyzed synthesis of fused carbocycles �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ��…. ��….74 3.12 An… …limitation of the gold(I)-catalyzed synthesis of fused carbocycles…... ��…78 3.14… …x29;-catalysis �� �� ��…...110 5.2 Selective synthesis of fused carbocycles: methyl substituent…
Barabe, F. (2013). Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polycyclic Frameworks Related to Terpenes: Selective Divergent Synthesis of Fused Carbocycles . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29055
Barabe, Francis. "Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polycyclic Frameworks Related to Terpenes: Selective Divergent Synthesis of Fused Carbocycles ." 2013. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29055.
Barabe, Francis. "Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polycyclic Frameworks Related to Terpenes: Selective Divergent Synthesis of Fused Carbocycles ." 2013. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Barabe F. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polycyclic Frameworks Related to Terpenes: Selective Divergent Synthesis of Fused Carbocycles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29055.
Barabe F. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polycyclic Frameworks Related to Terpenes: Selective Divergent Synthesis of Fused Carbocycles . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29055
17. Bhaskar Kumar, T. Novel synthetic approaches towards heterocycles and carbocycles and their evaluation as potential inhibitors of pde4; -.
Degree: Chemistry, 2014, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapuram
conclusion p.184-187, references p.188-208
Advisors/Committee Members: Chandra Sekhar, K B, Srinivasa Rao, M.
Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; Potential inhibitors of PDE4; Synthetic approaches towards heterocycles and carbocycles and their evaluation
Bhaskar Kumar, T. (2014). Novel synthetic approaches towards heterocycles and carbocycles and their evaluation as potential inhibitors of pde4; - . (Thesis). Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapuram. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/26936
Bhaskar Kumar, T. "Novel synthetic approaches towards heterocycles and carbocycles and their evaluation as potential inhibitors of pde4; -." 2014. Thesis, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapuram. Accessed January 20, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/26936.
Bhaskar Kumar, T. "Novel synthetic approaches towards heterocycles and carbocycles and their evaluation as potential inhibitors of pde4; -." 2014. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Bhaskar Kumar T. Novel synthetic approaches towards heterocycles and carbocycles and their evaluation as potential inhibitors of pde4; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapuram; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/26936.
Bhaskar Kumar T. Novel synthetic approaches towards heterocycles and carbocycles and their evaluation as potential inhibitors of pde4; -. [Thesis]. Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapuram; 2014. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/26936
Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ)
18. Κόφτης, Θεοχάρης. Νέες μέθοδοι ενομοριακής κυκλοποίησης παράγωγων σακχάρων.
Degree: 2000, Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ)
Subjects/Keywords: Υδατάνθρακες; Σάκχαρα; Καρβοκυκλικά; Εναμινόνες; Νιτριλοξείδια; Διαζωενώσεις; Κυκλοπροπανίωση; Κοντουριτόλες; Ολεφινική μετάθεση; Carbocycles; Enaminones; Nitrile oxides; Diazocompounds; Cyclopropanation; Conduritols; Olefin metathesis
Κόφτης, . �. (2000). Νέες μέθοδοι ενομοριακής κυκλοποίησης παράγωγων σακχάρων . (Thesis). Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/25614
Κόφτης, Θεοχάρης. "Νέες μέθοδοι ενομοριακής κυκλοποίησης παράγωγων σακχάρων." 2000. Thesis, Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ). Accessed January 20, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/25614.
Κόφτης, Θεοχάρης. "Νέες μέθοδοι ενομοριακής κυκλοποίησης παράγωγων σακχάρων." 2000. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Κόφτης �. Νέες μέθοδοι ενομοριακής κυκλοποίησης παράγωγων σακχάρων. [Internet] [Thesis]. Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ); 2000. [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/25614.
Κόφτης �. Νέες μέθοδοι ενομοριακής κυκλοποίησης παράγωγων σακχάρων. [Thesis]. Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ); 2000. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/25614


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tar -xzvf install/xpdf-3.04.tar.gz
cd xpdf-3.04 && ./configure --prefix=/usr && make && sudo make install

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Donation Updates
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Welcome to World Development Agency
The World Development Agency is an organisation designed to bring about urban regeneration to deprived and poverty stricken areas of developing countries.
We have been here many times before. Lindka Trayers/Kohl is founder of the WDA established whilst in political exile in Mexico taking in the political compass to ensure that we have free water for all, including the Africa regions as a human resource, the planet being two thirds water and all that and institute power lines in Africa. A political vision to construct social change to the developing world including Russia and the Eastern bloc countries continuing the downfall of didactic regimes. We all play a part of what to wear in our everyday lives. Lindka Trayers/Kohl is the co founder ofThe Elizabeth Kohl clothing empire. Today we raised a voice and a roof for Africa by acting on principle, in faith not fear. We hope that you continue your support of The World Development Agency.
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Templeton Inc. of Farmington, Conn., the consultant who is running the agency search for the American Catfish Institute, has announced the names of the two finalists in the competition: the New York office of Hill, Holliday, Connors, Cosmopulos, and the Richard Group of Dallas. Both will be sending teams down to see the Catfish board of directors next month in their headquarters in Belzoni, Miss. The recently formed institute is for people who raise catfish and their suppliers.


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While employers are happy with the increase in productivity at their organization, they realise it may be coming at a cost ∑ worker Œburn out'. A new CareerBuilder.co.uk survey of more than 100 UK business leaders reveals that while four-in-ten (40 per cent) employers think their workers are more productive today than pre-recession, 36 per cent also think their workers are experiencing Œburn out'.
Say no when you can. Workers, especially those fearful of losing their jobs, often overcommit and end up with a to-do list that no single human could ever accomplish. Learn to say no when you can't possibly take on another task.
This one might be easier said than done, but most bosses want their employees to be happy and be good performers. If you're doing the job of two (or more) workers and you know you're about to buckle under the pressure, let your boss know. Don't whine and complain. Instead, lay out your dilemma and suggest ways to solve it. It's not an easy conversation to have, but it could make your job more manageable and your performance much better.
When the phone's ringing off the hook, your inbox is overflowing with unanswered messages and your boss keeps asking you to work a little later, you feel boxed in. Find a way to take a breather, whether that means eating lunch outside, taking a 15-minute break a couple of times a day, or going to the gym before you head to work. Do something each day that lets you forget work and think about something else.
Not all jobs have room for flexibility, but some do. If your boss will let you come in late and stay later or come in early and leave early, that could make your life easier. Or maybe you can work from home some days. Another suggestion might be to come in early and take an extended lunch to take a trip to the gym. Whatever works for you and suits your job, try it. A few little changes could help keep Œburn out' at bay.


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Kim Kardashian Finally Confirms She's Expecting Third Baby With Kanye West
Friday, September 29, 2017 - 11:32
Kim Kardashian has finally confirmed that she's expecting a third child with Kanye West after revealing the exciting news in a sneak-peak from the upcoming series of Keeping Of Up With The Kardashians.
Let's all get checking out an update from MTV News...
The 36-year-old had neither confirmed nor denied reports that their surrogate was pregnant, despite multiple outlets including TMZ and Us Weekly reporting that their carrier was three-months along.
Now, Kim has come forward to confirm that a third Kardashian-West baby will be joining the clan. In the trailer for the tenth series of the E! programme, Kim revealed that the rumours about their next baby are all true.
During a FaceTime session with sister Khloe, Kim said: "What happens every time I say, 'Guess what?"'
Khloe responds: "You're pregnant or the person's pregnant?", which prompted Kim to reveal: "We're having a baby!"
This comes after Kim opened up about her plans for surrogacy back in April. "I feel like surrogacy really is the only other option for me" she said on KUWTK.
"I'm definitely leaning more towards I want to try...After talking to Kanye, I think I always knew that surrogacy was an option, but I didn't think it was that realistic of an option, and now I feel like that's my reality. I feel like surrogacy really is the only other option for me," she added.
Congratulations to Kim and Kanye!
More From Kim Kardashian
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Kim Kardashian Responds To Claims North West Copied A Child Star's Song


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Aid and attendance benefits are in place to help veterans and their families with the rising costs of long-term care. Benefits can be used in a variety of ways and can help an elderly loved one through the continuum of care. Aid and attendance benefits can pay for in-home care or for assisted living. They may also be used to pay for living in a retirement community or for the services of a nursing home. As your loved one gets older and passes through the continuum of care, the costs of such care will increase. Allowing the professionals at the California Elder Law Center help you in obtaining these benefits can help you from falling victim to the financial burden caring for your loved one.
With over twenty years of experience in elder law, the attorneys at the California Elder Law Center can assist not only with the acquisition of veterans benefits, but also in obtaining other benefits through Medi-Cal and Medicare. Medi-Cal is the California version of Medicaid and Medicare, of course, is the federally funded health insurance system for those aged 65 and over.
The California Elder Law Center is dedicated to making sure everyone has access to quality long-term care. When the time comes, please contact our offices to review your situation. You can call us at 760-422-0404 to schedule a free initial consultation. You can also contact us online.


Announcement of a Trustee's sale in The Herald, Frederick, Maryland. Rights of Thomas P. Willson and 4 others will be transferred. This is likely the sale of inherited land and suggests that Thomas had several siblings.


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Sequestration: How Big a Hit for FDA, Research and Pharma?
The greatly feared federal budget sequestration mandate went into effect March 1, and, initially, the impact was fairly muted.
The greatly feared federal budget sequestration mandate went into effect March 1, and, initially, the impact was fairly muted. The stock market soared, employment rose and government workers continued on their jobs. Federal agencies, including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), launched initiatives to comply with the mandated 5% across-the-board cut in spending (in reality a 9% cut that exceeds $200 million) to minimize the impact on basic operations. That means curbs on training and staff travel, no new hires and a delay in launching new programs.
In the usual political gamesmanship that accompanies government budget stalemates, the administration cancelled visitor tours of the White House and delayed access to national parks, blaming Congress for failing to deal with the budget impasse. Reductions in airport services threatened flight cancellations. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) predicted difficulties tracking and identifying outbreaks in infectious disease, and the Obama administration warned of reduced funds for childhood vaccines. The National Institutes of Health said its loss of $1.6 billion in funding (on its $31 billion budget) would translate into 2000 fewer research grants, diminishing prospects for new treatments for cancer and other serious diseases.
These and other reductions in government services really go into effect March 27, when employee furloughs without pay begin at many agencies. FDA officials say the agency can avoid reductions in staff, but that the impact will be felt on fewer field inspections and problems meeting application review time frames, scheduling meetings, developing new guidances and rules, and a host of agency functions.
A key issue is whether FDA can gain authorization to spend the new and increased user fees it has been collecting for the last six months. Congress needs to authorize the agency to collect the newly established and increased fees and to rule that sequestration should not apply to all the fees, but has been reluctant to do so. There is some $82 million in fees in question, which FDA desperately wants to tap.
Even more disastrous for the nation than sequestration is the prospect that Congress will let the current continuing budget resolution (CR) expire; if that occurs on March 27 it would end current funding for most government programs. Because Democrats and Republicans really don't want to shut down the entire federal government, Senate and House leaders are working hard to at least extend the CR through September of this year. Under the latest Senate budget proposal, the CR legislation also would provide additional funding in many areas for the rest of the 2013 fiscal year. Here, FDA benefits from Sen. Barbara Mikulski (D-MD) now chairing the Senate Appropriations Committee. She has engineered a 2013 budget plan with Republican support that provides $2.5 billion in funds for FDA for this year, including added resources for foreign inspections, food and drug safety and agency operations. With all its $1.8 billion in user fees, the agency would have $4.3 billion in funding, slightly more than for 2012.
The Senate plan also provides an extra $71 million for NIH, but that's just a token in light of the $1.6 billion hit under sequestration. And no one expects sequestration cuts will be restored.
Key policymakers also are rolling out proposals for a compromise budget plan for 2014, due in April for the next fiscal year beginning Oct. 1, 2013. The latest Republican budget plan calls for transforming Medicare into a voucher program, cutting Medicaid and eliminating the Obama health reform program; at a minimum it cuts millions authorized for implementing insurance exchanges and other reform components. Those health proposals failed to gain public support last November and don't carry much weight in the Senate. Yet Democrats will have to agree on serious reductions in outlays for entitlements and social programs to enact a workable spending program, and that will require strong presidential and congressional leadership. Every interest group – including research scientists and pharma companies – have been trooping up to Capitol Hill to beg for special treatment for their particularly vital programs, but there's not much extra money lying around.
For guest blogger Tom Norton's previous take on pharma and The Sequestration Transparency Act of 2011, click here.


AustinValentine, Carnefix, Archaon and 1 other person like this.
Stay away from my regina syp salto!!!
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For Christmas 2019, I would like a Rainbow Akstar. Thanks! Get Fatter and Wiser!
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Accidentally by clicking on remove and pressing confirm...heh.


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SPONSORED CONTENT sponsored-content
How agencies bring success to IT modernization with simple service enhancements
(FedScoop)
Written by FedScoop Staff
Oct 31, 2018 | FEDSCOOP
Government IT leaders can serve as "trailblazers" for their agencies by leveraging simplified, cloud-based service enhancements as stepping stones to a longer-term modernization journey, a new report suggests.
Citing federal agency success stories, the report highlights how commercially available technologies, such as software-as-a-service (SaaS), can bring service improvements that help agencies modernize applications quickly.
Download the full report.
The report, "Taking a lower-risk, higher-return route to digital transformation," produced by FedScoop and sponsored by Salesforce, also points to the significant reduction in total cost of operations agencies can realize by looking at digital transformation as a journey.
Agency leaders say they want to "improve service levels, efficiencies and ease-of-use for their customers," says Paul Tatum, senior vice president for solution engineering at Salesforce's Public Sector Business Unit. But by shifting to readily-available cloud-based services, they will also discover the "unexpected benefit of improved efficiency, ease-of-use, productivity for their employees on the back-end."
Tatum adds that the multi-step process should "start by focusing on a service enhancement that's significant enough to contribute to an agency's mission, but bite-sized enough to attract buy-in from agency senior leadership."
The report describes the success of the U.S. Department of Agriculture in using a SaaS solution to consolidate and move mission-focused services to the cloud. After consolidating or retiring some of its apps, the agency was able to use a cloud-based solution to improve how farmers get helpful information.
The report references a study which shows how SaaS solutions typically cut enterprise IT expenditures by as much as 50 percent over five years. But because government agency spend is approved only one year at a time, the report stresses the need for IT trailblazers to secure buy-in from their agency's leaders for long-term goals.
This perennial challenge to secure buy-in from executives isn't easy to overcome. Even though IT trailblazers understand the benefits of moving to the cloud, decision-makers may decide to maintain the systems they already have due to, among other concerns, budgeting issues or lack of skilled staff.
That buy-in should come more easily today, the report suggests, in part because of White House initiatives to prioritize IT modernization. The administration has come out in support of agencies moving to cloud-based software services that put the burden of maintaining hardware and software on the SaaS provider and bypassing the recurring costs of infrastructure upgrades, integrations and patching.
The report notes the success Amtrak had consolidating applications with a SaaS provider, which opened the door for innovation and led to the rapid development of an application which more effectively tracks train servicing from start to finish.
Part of Amtrak's success resulted from working with a well-established cloud provider with a well-established track record of migrating large-scale enterprise systems to the cloud.
A provider's experience and expertise are especially valuable when in-house knowledge and capabilities are limited, concludes Tatum.
"Since partnering with Salesforce," the report states, "Amtrak has seen employee productivity double."
Read more about how agencies can get the most from their digital transformation journey by partnering with experienced SaaS providers.
Learn more about Salesforce and trailblazers in government.
This article was produced by FedScoop for, and sponsored by, Salesforce.
Citizen Services, Cloud, Digital Transformation, IT Modernization, SaaS, Salesforce, special report, Sponsored Content, Trailblazers in Government, White House modernization
How collaboration...
by marielaecheverria • 1 week ago
Isolate and stop...
by marielaecheverria • 2 weeks ago
Deploying cloud...


This framed portrait had been in the home of Myrtle Inez Rufty Barringer, my maternal grandmother, and was given to me by my mom's younger sister Nell several years ago.
I believe I remember it being there.
My grandmother's parents were George Adam Rufty and Mary Ann Graham Rufty.
My aunt believed the portrait was of a Rufty.
My mom is 94 and she thought it looked more like a Graham.
All of these people lived in Rowan County west of Salisbury near Highway 70.
In the spirit of "History Detectives", your help in identifying the person in the portrait would be appreciated.


Clean Car Fax w/ zero accidents. Features a strong 6.0L V8 with smooth automatic transmission and AWD. The exterior is Black with chrome wheels, Nitto tires, dual exhaust, window tint, tow package and bed liner. The interior is well equipped with two tone leather, aftermarket CD, heated seats, power windows/locks, easy access cab doors, all weather floor mats and more!


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College District News
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U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges rankings can take some of the stress out of the school research and selection process and help students find a college that's a good fit.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 10, 2018 /PRNewswire/ — U.S. News & World Report, the global authority in education rankings, today unveiled the 2019 Best Colleges, with data on more than 1,800 schools …
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CLEVELAND, Ohio — Ohio State University and Case Western Reserve University rank among the top 50 nursing … Association of Colleges of Nursing. About 20 percent had debt between $40,000 and $54,999 …
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UCLA tops the list of U.S. public universities in the 2019 U.S. News & World Report "Best Colleges" rankings … Five other University of California campuses were among the top 12 public universities …
Six University of Georgia schools and colleges rose in U.S. News … remained in the top 10. The rankings, announced today, appear in the 2020 edition of U.S. News & World Report's Best Graduate …
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American College Of Commerce And Technology Us News Contents Rodeo team were And morehouse college news Data are contents board Information and resources Cheers from the first ever Chamber picnic at State of California Native American Day. Above a photo of some of our attendees enjoying the lunch. About the Task Force Pursuant to Executive Order 13845, "Establishing the President's National Council for
Which Schools Scored the Best? Here, we list the top ten schools in three different categories. For the complete list of rankings, refer to the U.S. News and World Report College Rankings or buy the Best Colleges issue of the magazine. Top 10 National Universities: 1. Princeton University. 2. Harvard University. 3. Columbia University. 3.
Adeyemi College Of Education Latest News Contents Wyo.—junior death soared suspected ritualists have and former chicago (wls Coesu) strike. the lecturers joined the Into its workforce Its academic excellence Prof. Olukoya Ogen, the Provost of Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo on Wednesday in Akure said that the college would soon be converted to a university. The Provost who made this known
US News is a recognized leader in college, grad school, hospital, mutual fund, and car rankings. Track elected officials, research health conditions, and find news you can use in politics …
Babson College Alumni News Contents Black affinity network Tennis team returned Babson college offers bachelor's Team were major media recruiting services Were major media End the partnership. the fcs member Babson College is pleased to pass along information regarding alumni volunteer activities and events that may be of interest to you. The college does not directly oversee, supervise, or
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Google discussed three features aimed at helping advertisers reach new customers with Display campaigns in a blog post Tuesday. Here's what you need to know.
Dynamic prospecting with product feeds. Google announced this feature recently, and you may be familiar with the concept if you run them on Facebook. As opposed to showing product ads based on what visitors viewed on your site, dynamic prospect ads show products based on people's past interactions on Google and publisher sites in Google's network. Google says it deploys machine learning to evaluate product performance from your feed and match products determined to be most relevant to users' interests and most likely to generate conversions. To enable dynamic prospecting, you just need to link a product feed to a Display campaign.
Fine-tuned audience expansion. The Targeting expansion option available under campaign settings can be used to increase audience reach "to drive more conversions at the same average cost-per-acquisition (CPA)." The goal is to save advertisers the time of increasing bids to maximize budget toward the end of a budget or campaign cycle. Now there is a slider tool that you can use to increase or decrease reach. It shows weekly impression estimates as you adjust the setting.
Auto-generated custom intent segments. Audiences have been encroaching on the importance of keyword selection — particularly in Display campaigns — for several years. Google automatically creates and refreshes custom intent audiences based on the most common keywords and URLs in content that people view when looking into a product or service as well as the existing audience targeting in your account.
"By using these segments, like local goods or electronics, you don't have to manage hundreds or even thousands of keywords to reach the right customers," said Tris Warkentin, Display ads product manager in the blog post. As columnist Grace Kaye has noted, these generated audiences can be a good option for newer or resource-crunched advertisers. Auto-created custom intent audiences are now available in English, German, Japanese, Spanish, Russian, Portuguese, French, and Italian.
Why you should care. Each of these features are powered at some level by machine learning, bringing more automation to the way Display campaigns target prospective customers.


If you have no account in JCEN, please click the 'CREATE ACCOUNT' button above and fill up the requested information. The system will detect your former registration by your email address. You will be asked to enter your E-mail address, Password, Name and Contact.
Please note that the information you fill up will be stored in the JCEN database for only Editorial use.
After successful registration, you will receive an email for confirming your user ID and password. When you have received this email, DO NOT REGISTER AGAIN.
Just log in as an 'AUTHOR' on left, Role Information. If you need further assistance, please contact to the Editorial Office.
After you LOGIN, you should click "Author" in Role information, left Menu. On Right, click "New Submissions" and you can submit a manuscript. Submission formats are supported including DOC, DOCX, PDF, JPG, Tiff files. Further information about manuscript preparation is in 'Instructions to Authors', left menu.
Please Login after you have received an email which requested to review a manuscript. In Role Information, you should click 'Reviewer'. On right, below Process, you should click "Respond to Invitation". And then you can choose Review 'Invitation Accept' or 'Decline'. After you accept the invitation, you could read the manuscript and write your comments to authors and editor by online.
Welcome to the online manuscript submission. The links show four Roles which you can do for the journal now. Fill up your ID and Password and choose the role which you belong to. And then Click the 'Login'.


How are we all doing? I'm feeling super festive and am looking forward to my works Christmas party this weekend. I have such a busy weekend ahead of me, I'm working Saturday and have the party Saturday night then on Sunday Vinny has his first ever birthday party to attend which is one of his best friends at nursery which is going to be super cute and somewhere in between I need to get some more Christmas shopping in, which brings me to todays post. We are talking, babies, toddlers and just great children gifts this Christmas!
I'm going to start off with a few great items from the Gro Store, I have always had bedding and Grobags for Vinny from the Gro Store and I have to say they are the best quality ones I own. The Gro Store sell a number of great baby items from Grobags to soft toys and nursery essentials such as the Gro Egg which is a fab little room thermometer/night light. There are a whole range of Grobags to choose from with a number of different togs and a variety of ages and designs. I really love the boy designs, they are all super cute but look how adorable the girly ones are too! Perfect for boys and girls and an ideal gift for new parents this Christmas along with the gorgeous Boo Bear Gro Comforter, how cute is he!?
Now onto some even more luxurious pieces perfect for any newborn or toddler out there, aden + anais is a brand I never got round to trying when we had Vinny but we have just got the new Toddler towel which is gorgeous and the perfect size for a toddler it's got fab bright blue stars and is really uber soft so a perfect toddler gift for any toddler who loves bath time like our little Vinny does. Again you can't really go wrong with a baby comforter when buying for a newborn and this Twinkle musy mate lovey is gorgeous it's like a muslin square and has the gorgeous teddy head, so cute. Lastly if you are looking to buy some unique clothing then check out the gorgeous silver star long sleeve kimono body suit, this one has grey stars on it but there are a number of different designs to choose from and they are made from a super soft muslin. Gorgeous!
Next up we have an absolutely gorgeous gift and perfect for any little ones Christmas eve box, imagine your child finding this in their box the night before Christmas with their name on it! A gorgeous personalised stocking with even a place to pop a letter to Santa! I adore this letter to santa stocking from My 1st Years, this site always has the most perfect gifts and what's even better is that they have 50% off this at the moment so it's just £7.50! I'd get in there quick and grab yourself a fabulous Christmas stocking and check out the rest of the Christmas shop as there are many bargains to be had!
Now we are getting a little more colourful and fun with some gifts from Mamas & Papas, Philips and Zazzle! How cute do all of these look? Let's start with the fab Philips Olaf SoftPal Portable light friend, this is so adorable and perfect again for toddlers! Vinny has started to become a little afraid of the dark so I always like to keep a little night light on for him and this super soft Olaf has become his new best friend it's adorable.
Next some not so colourful gifts but perfect for those monochrome obsessed mummas out there, I am slightly obsessed with monochrome baby items at the moment and have started to collect lots of bits for baby Prideaux. I'm in love with these baby burp cloths, and check out that gorgeous personalised stripey one up the top there wow. Such great quality and very soft, Zazzle have so many different items for babes and I love how you can personalise them to make them even more unique.
Lastly we have a couple of great gifts from Mamas & Papas for the gorgeous toddlers out there, Vinny is now at an age where he is beginning to understand who Santa is so this year we have decided to leave Santa out some treats on Christmas Eve and also send him a little letter to say hi and of course talk about all the things Vinny would like from him this year if he is on the nice list. I really love this Letter to Santa kit, it's one that you can keep and reuse which is really great as the envelope is made from a vibrant red felt and you can just replace the card each year with a new one a super magical gift to get any toddler into the Christmas spirit. Finally if you're little one still isn't feeling festive after writing a letter to Santa then how about this gorgeous Christmas Jumper! I'm all about a fun Christmas jumper and this one is a nice soft material that isn't too thick or too thin, Vinny is rather hot blooded so knitted jumpers that are too bulky or heavy don't really go well with him but this one is just perfect and I love the added bobble on the penguins hat!
What are your favourite baby and toddler finds this year? I'd love to know!


A luxury Greeting Card of the Lincoln Landscape based on a painting by Kay Burton, with a Lancaster bomber flying over Lincoln Cathedral and Lincoln Castle. The plane is slightly raised to give a 3d effect.
A lovely card for all Lincolnshire lovers with an unusual twist for any occasion.any occasion including anniversary, birthday or thank you.


The unseen barriers to good health.
Some months ago, I phoned my 84-year-old grandmother on a quiet Saturday afternoon after enduring a torrent of pleading from my father. I hadn't spoken to her in two or three years, and she was lonely, he said. It was nothing personal; I just couldn't really communicate with her in Spanish anymore, my command over my native tongue having become so rusty as to be virtually unusable.
I had a drink before I called her, so that my Spanish was at least restaurant quality ("Dos tacos de pollo, with artichoke hearts and sundried-tomato salsa, por favor") and dialed her number, which hasn't changed in more than 40 years.
When she answered, I was taken aback at how small she sounded and how old-world her Spanish had become. She blessed me in Jesus' Holy Blood and told me, as usual, how she keeps me in the Virgin Mother's prayers, in place of saying she loved me.
"What are you now, a robot?" I yelled at her (in English). She didn't understand me. But she laughed.
My grandmother's not dumb or losing her mind. Like many immigrants faced with problems that demand solutions beyond their resources, she looks inward, and backward, for help—or at least delayed consequences—resorting to superstition, old wives' tales, or illogical assumptions. Anything, so long as it does not cost money. Seeking medical advice is the last option, akin to giving up hope and faith. This is how poor people have learned to cope in South Texas.
MY GRANDMOTHER has always been fanatical about work: In her teens and twenties, she picked vegetables in Mexico; through her thirties and into her sixties she ran a trucking company in Texas. She attacked any job with suicidal enthusiasm, right into her seventies, when she cooked in a restaurant. Now, at 84, she is no longer capable of working, and so she loans money to people in the neighborhood who can't go to banks. They hock pistols and rifles for small loans, and Gramma charges a weekly interest. Because of the steady income, she's actually considered a bit more well-to-do in her circles—a doña, a sort of upper-lower-class matriarch. Her benefits as a widow of a Korean War veteran also pad her modest income. Still, she avoids doctors, except in the most serious of cases. She does have access to Medicare and Medicaid, and has relied on them to cover treatment for two heart attacks. But, even to the extent that these programs make health care somewhat more affordable, there are additional barriers to her use of the medical system—namely, cultural isolation and fundamental lack of understanding. She comes from a community, after all, that depends on others to translate everything from state and federal policy to the weather.
Health insurance was rare where I grew up, in Brownsville, Texas, on the border with Matamoros, Mexico. Many families there lived a dual life, on both sides of the border—like the middle school kid who was recently shot and killed by the Brownsville police, when he brought a pellet gun to school and the police mistook it for a real gun. His mother lived in Matamoros while he stayed with relatives in Brownsville and attended school. When I was growing up in the early '80s, the school district understood that the free lunch program was the only guaranteed meal many of the kids would have. I felt an unusual resentment and superiority that I had to pay for my cafeteria meals and that I had a grasp of English before I started kindergarten.
There was no encouragement from either the immigrant culture or the culture into which we were trying to assimilate to seek out any kind of preventive care. If an emergency arose, then it was off to Mexico to see a pharmacist and ask for a free consultation. Simple ailments could be treated with household products: On first-degree burns, the application of toothpaste (it cools, you see?) would set you right in a couple of days. Or you could try rubbing an egg on it while saying a Hail Mary, which would absorb the evil that would otherwise infect your wound. My brother, Dan, knew a kid whose grandmother made him eat Vicks VapoRub when he had a fever. The only insurance he and I remember having as children was the $15 paid to our school's football program in case we got our necks broken or, as once happened to a kid I knew, our pinkies ripped off. But visit a doctor? Never. If you're not hemorrhaging or suffering from an embolism, then you don't get to see a doctor. That's what we knew.
Cameron County, where my grandmother lives, boasts one of the highest ratios of uninsured in the state; one in three people have no coverage. In Texas as a whole, one in four people live without health insurance, the worst percentage in the country. (In theory, this situation should at some point be remedied by the Affordable Care Act, but—between the pending Supreme Court challenge and the prospect of a Romney administration committed to repeal—it's far from certain that the law will ever take full effect.) Over the past ten years, infant mortality rates have risen by about 10 percent. Under Governor Rick Perry, the Texas legislature has already successfully passed a law cutting most of the funding to a program that offered loan repayments to doctors fresh out of medical school who started their careers in towns and counties with large numbers of uninsured. Meanwhile, he's made noises about trying to undermine Medicaid—on which my grandmother and father depend. (They get their diagnoses in Brownsville but buy their prescriptions in Mexico, where they are far more affordable.) Both are deeply concerned about losing Medicaid coverage and live in fear that Perry's reforms will affect them directly.
"You don't think he's going to win for president, do you?" my father asked me recently.
"Dad, he dropped out in January," I said.
My family is not exactly illiterate: There's a Ph.D. in the family, and my brother is a nurse in San Antonio. But even he only begrudgingly pays for his health insurance and is loath to take preventive measures. My stance is similar, maybe because we're both childless. This attitude toward insurance is not singular to our own failings; we inherited it from the place we grew up. So perhaps I'm not the best advocate for regular blood pressure checks or arthritis medication that isn't bought at the hardware store. But come a cold spell, I worry that I'll have to figure out how to keep my grandmother from drinking anti-freeze. And how can I convince my father that lighting a candle to the Virgin Mary won't help him keep his Medicaid? Few people who speak their language have the time or inclination to try to persuade them—and even fewer are willing to pick up the phone and call.
Domingo Martinez is a 2013 Pushcart Prize nominee and the author of the forthcoming memoir, The Boy Kings of Texas (Lyons Press). This article appeared in the March 1, 2012 issue of the magazine.


kbaxter needed a new print or packaging design and created a contest on 99designs.
I'm launching a new DVD this week and need a killer design from a talented artist.
I need the DVD face, DVD Jewel Case, and DVD Insert designed.
I would like it to match the header on http://www.kingspointproject.com if possible.
I would like it to match the header on http://members.kingspointproject.com if possible.


The Belgian city of Brussels is a beautiful and historic European destination with plenty of hotels in Brussels to choose from when exploring the attractions of this diverse city. Brussels is home to a wide range of architectural styles, from medieval to postmodern, and has many striking buildings including the Gothic town hall at the centre of The Grand Place.
Brussels is well-connected to the rest of Europe, with a Eurostar journey from London taking only 2 hours. Travelling by Eurostar and staying in one of our Brussels hotels is an easy and accessible way to enjoy a short break on the continent.
When staying at one of our hotels in Brussels, make sure you sample the local delicacies of waffles and Belgian chocolate, washed down with a famous Belgian beer from one of the nearby bars!
Check other some other the great locations in Belgium, view our full list of hotels in Belgium to browse further short break destinations.
Stay Date: 12/12/17, a customer aged 65+ from Cuxton Road who stayed at 3* Hotel Saint Nicolas in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 16/10/17, a customer aged 45-64 who stayed at 3* Floris Arlequin Non Refundable in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 28/12/16, a customer aged 45-64 from United Kingdom who stayed at 3* Hotel Saint Nicolas in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 23/10/16, a customer aged 18-24 from United Kingdom who stayed at 3* Floris Arlequin Non Refundable in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 02/10/16, a customer aged 25-44 from East Tilbury who stayed at 3* Floris Ustel Midi Non Refundable in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 05/08/16, a customer aged 45-64 who stayed at 3* Floris Arlequin in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 11/03/16, a customer aged 45-64 who stayed at 3* Novotel Bruxelles Centre Tour Noire in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 29/11/15, a customer aged 45-64 who stayed at 3* Novotel Bruxelles Centre Tour Noire in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 18/09/15, a customer aged 65+ who stayed at 3* Floris Arlequin in Brussels wrote this review.
Stay Date: 04/08/15, a customer aged 45-64 who stayed at 3* Floris Ustel Midi Non Refundable in Brussels wrote this review.


Do you love learning about animals, finding out how things work, doing experiments or even building things? Well, you just might be a STEMologist.
Ok, maybe we made that word up, but STEM is a real thing. No, we aren't talking about part of a plant. This is a different type of STEM, one that stands for Science, Technology, Engineering and Math.
Made a birdfeeder or bee condo?
Kept track of animals or plants you see around you?
Done a taste test or designed your own experiment?
Participated in a science fair?
These are just a few examples of how you can use STEM but the list goes on and on!
By combining the knowledge and skills from all four areas of STEM, we can find new ways of thinking, problem-solving, and inventing that can help not only our local communities but the planet too!
Scientists, like the ones we work with at Earth Rangers, record what they see, run experiments, gather evidence and help us learn what's actually happening on our planet. This data can then be used by engineers and technologists to design and build programs that help solve our biggest problems.
Without STEM, we wouldn't have smart thermostats that make us more energy efficient, GPS collars that are used to track animals or even many of the things we use every day like our phones and computers.
We can see the path this polar bear travelled thanks to the data collected from her tracking collar.
A scientist holds a heterodyne (aka a "bat detector)" while the other keeps their eyes on the sky in search of bats on the move.
This photo of a lynx was taken by a camera trap set up to learn more about the animals in the habitat.
Is there STEM in your future?
YES! Scientists, mathematicians, engineers or technologists aren't the only ones that use STEM. If you dream of being a Veterinarian, a zookeeper, someone who makes laws that help protect the planet, or even an Earth Rangers' animal trainer, then you definitely need to stick with STEM.
Science, Technology, Engineering and Math is for everyone, no matter where you live, how old you are or who you are. You can be anything you want to be.
We think STEM is really cool so we're putting together some stories that will help you see STEM's coolness too! From protecting rhinos in Africa to cleaning up our oceans and everything in between, stay tuned to learn all the ways STEM is being used to help the planet!
What are some of the ways you use STEM in your life? Let us know in the comments below.
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2007 Harley Davidson Road King Classic - FLHRC. Great bike, just don't ride it enough. Garage kept, all original, has trunk but not attached, 6 speed, black cherry paint, air ride, shield, black leather bags, cruise, security system, 27,000 miles. Asking $8400, email Steve.


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At half the size of a standard UK letterhead, they're the perfect size to be handed out on the high street, posted through letterboxes, sent out in the mail or left on a shop counter. They are printed in stunning full colour onto 100% recycled natural kraft paper in a choice of different weights.
The look and feel of the Kraft leaflets perfectly matched our expectations. Stylish, fresh and eye-catching!