Who is the most influential person online?
Last summer, we invited readers and other web users to explore that question in a special initiative called the Influence Project. In early July, we launched a dedicated website (built by digital firm Mekanism), and for six weeks anyone could sign up and participate. Our definition of influence was basic: Each participant received a unique URL; every time someone new clicked on your URL, you got credit. In addition, if those clickers decided to sign up as participants, you received partial credit for any clicks they obtained.
In all, 32,955 people participated, collectively receiving clicks from 1.63 million unique individuals. All participants who chose to submit a photograph are pictured on the following pages; the pictures are in order of their final score, with the higher-ranking finishers shown larger. You can go to fastcompany.com/influence to get a closer look at the photos and to search for where specific participants appear in the list.
Our top finisher is Jeremy Schoemaker, credited with more than 500,000 clicks. He is a blogger, search-engine optimizer, serial entrepreneur, and the founder of ShoeMoney Media, an online marketing firm. He says he took a straightforward approach to generating response to the Influence Project, tapping his 110,000 Twitter followers, blogging to his 60,000 daily readers, broadcasting to his 5,000 Facebook friends, and using his million-strong mailing list to activate his network.
The reality of the Internet is that it is an economy built on clicks, and in this way, our project results reflect the types of behavior that happen online every day. Some people, for instance, placed ads on Craigslist to generate clicks for themselves. We did not disqualify them, though we did disqualify others. For instance, we noticed that one participant had made any click on his home page an automatic jump to his Influence Project URL. That seemed more chicanery than influence. But if we couldn't prove that people were using illegitimate means, we left them in.
More uplifting is the case of Ed Cohen and Pris Nelson, who signed up for the Influence Project under the name of Prashanth, an abused and abandoned 11-year-old boy in India. Cohen and Nelson, who worked in India for several years, sponsor Prashanth at a school there. Their plea, through social media and a press release they created: to have Prashanth win the Influence Project and "use his story to bring attention to the 138 million homeless children in the world." While Prashanth finished only at No. 20,837, that doesn't tell the whole story. Cohen heard directly from dozens of people, and a college in India offered Prashanth a scholarship. "When we registered for the Influence Project, it was like striking a match that created a small fire which spread quickly," says Cohen. He and Nelson have been inspired to launch a program they're calling "One Child at a Time," to recruit others to sponsor orphaned and abandoned children in the developing world.
In the end, the project confirmed both the power of the Internet and how much it is still a frontier, constantly morphing and moving. Measuring influence precisely remains elusive. Anything can happen online. And everything will. We'll keep studying how technology enables ideas to move and spread in new ways. Our commitment to covering online influence does not end with the Influence Project.


These savings are brief. Save 20%, 30%, 50% or up tp 75% off your purchase.
Online offer expires 4/17/19 at 11:59 p.m. PST. Up to 75% off any merchandise purchase on Jockey.com with coupon code J4LTGMF. Coupon code single use only. Discount applied at checkout before tax and shipping. Not valid on sale items, previous purchases, Jockey Signature Collection, mini brief keychains, Jockey Boxes, Jockey Being Family® items or in-store. Selection varies; available on in-stock items only while supplies last. Cannot be combined with any other offers, discounts or promotions. No rain checks/cash redemption. Void where prohibited.
Offer expires 4/17/19 at 11:59 p.m. PST. $10 off any merchandise purchase of $60 or more. Present offer at any Jockey U.S. store. Discount applied at checkout before tax. Not valid on previous purchases, Jockey Being Family® items, RealFit bras or Jockey.com. Selection varies; available on in-stock items only while supplies last. Cannot be combined with any other offers, discounts or promotions. No rain checks/cash redemption. Void where prohibited.


What are some of the sessions we can expect to be presented?
What's the title of your talk and what's it about?
Mori, you're a "technical" account manager. Does that mean your session will be technical and hard to understand for managers and other non-technical people?
Mori, what are you hoping to see during Drupalcon Australia?


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Home Reviews Documentary Dreams Of Equality
World Of Discovery: Cougar--Ghost Of the Rockies; World of Discovery: Wolf--Return of a Legend
Frontline: Who Was Lee Harvey Oswald?
Dreams Of Equality
(1993) 28 min. $99. Media Projects. PPR. Vol. 9, Issue 3
Featuring a cast of over 40 actors, this docudrama, filmed in Seneca Falls, NY, site of the First Women's Rights Convention in July, 1848, uses the framing device of an ongoing epistolary correspondence between a sister and brother to highlight the popular thinking of the day. Full period costumes, and fine representations of important figures such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, lend a strong sense of authenticity to the production. And some of the more ridiculous notions of the time (male brains weigh more than female brains, ergo males are smarter) are a potent reminder that in some areas civilization has advanced more slowly than in others. However, for all the work that went into the project, the result is a bit slow and the letter-writing occasionally turgid, an aspect made all the more plain during the many modern segments cut in to the program where contemporary boys and girls ponder the nature of gender differences. In these brief clips, the tape really comes alive. Still, as an introduction to the subject there are far drier historical treatments than this. Dreams of Equality would serve as a good discussion starter on the trajectory of women's rights in America. Recommended. (R. Pitman)
Social Issues Media Projects Documentary review Drama History
Order From Your Favorite Distributor Today:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Worrying about how to confront your minor difficulties that spring up about the house? Ask any householder near Mount Prospect, handyman services through 123 Local Handyman are often going to be a prominent reply. As opposed to other personnel who cater really specialized sorts of building restoration throughout Mount Prospect, IL, contractors deliver training and experience on pretty much every manner of home renovating assignment from hardware installation to dryer repair. Furthermore, you can ordinarily rely upon your Mount Prospect handyman to conduct your property's particular requirements with as much reliability and capability as possible on each one of your residential projects except on a diminished period of time and at a charge that is significantly reduced.
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How quick could a 123 Local Handyman handyman work on my work?
Like with the costs of your house project, length of service is highly subject to the sort of work being performed. Specialists could render support to anything that you want but can only ensure that the time frame of the contract shall be the amount of time appropriate. To check about your specific time frame, arrange an appraisal with one of our Mount Prospect handyman specialists.
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All of the materials mandatory to accomplish your job are held by the company's Mount Prospect handyman agency. There is no requirement for 123 Local Handyman customers to produce material.
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Parx - Oh My
Breaking house DJ and producer, Parx is back on London's hit-making label, Perfect Havoc with his new single 'Oh My'. AKA Alex Cramp, Parx is a studio wizz ,producing house music across the board, but always with quality style. The new single showcases a more delicate side of Parx in an emotional composition that will leave deep house fans falling in love with its mid-tempo groove and dreamy vocal. Stream it now: https://PerfectHavoc.lnk.to/ohmy
Now signed to Perfect Havoc for a multi-single deal, Parx's 'Oh My' follows two previous releases on the label. These include his future house rework of the CeCe Peniston classic 'Finally', which saw support by Charlie Hedges on Radio 1 Dance Anthems and across KISS stations, and the g-house stylings of 'Two Step', which showed a completely different studio personality to this skilled young artist.
A graduate in production and engineering of London's Point Blank Music School, it's no surprise Parx has the studio aptitudes to have earned him over 23 million global streams. He first impressed in 2017 with 'Waiting on You' on The Magician's Potion imprint, debuted by Danny Howard on BBC Radio 1, and that same year with a collaboration with Kattis on on TMTR titled 'Sunrise'.
From here, Parx was on a roll. He impressed again with 'Fantasy' featuring the vocal talents of close friend and co-conspirator Adam Engle from Blonde, again on TMTR. And on 'Bang' in collaboration with TCTS on Ministry of Sound, which gained further Radio 1 support, this time from the King of Dance himself, Pete Tong.
Parx's production rose to new heights in 2020 when he signed to Parlophone /FFRR. Ever fascinated by the music, technology and fashion of the 1980s, he dropped 'Feel Right Now' featuring the opening refrain from Harold Faltermeyer's seminal 'AxelF'. The track was Self Certified by Mistajam on BBC Radio 1 Dance Anthems and has racked up 12 million streams and counting, making it his most streamed track to date.
His skills go beyond creating killer original tracks, but on the remix front too. Parx has been in demand with Alan Walker, Mason and fellow Perfect Havoc signees, Tobtok and Oliver Nelson amongst others, positioning him as one of the go-to remixers of the UK house scene.
'Oh My' is another solid release from the independent imprint, Perfect Havoc which this year celebrates its 5-year anniversary. Its roster also includes the Brit Award nominated Joel Corry, double platinum selling Swedish producer Tobtok, Oliver Nelson, Just Kiddin, PS1, Kokiri, Bingo Players, Simon Field and Alfie Cridland and more. The label and management agency has a fast-rising status underlined by five UK Top 20s, platinum selling records and over one billion streams. Hit singles include Joel Corry & MNEK 'Head & Heart' (No.1), Joel Corry x RAYE x David Guetta 'BED'(No.3), Joel Corry 'Lonely' (No.3), Joel Corry 'Sorry' (No.8) and PS1 ftAlex Hosking 'Fake Friends' (No.19). The future is very bright for this forward-thinking label.


WBME-AE-0915-CO This project has 3 placement layers for your main text, 5 placement layer for your HD video/images. This project is fully editable, the look and feel of this project can easily be changed using our custom colour picker. There are no pre-rendered videos in this project.
Additional Information ID: 43811852; Royalty-Free License; Required Plugins: None; Creation Tool: After Effects CS5.
Create Pond5 Hanging decoractions with Christmas media 43811852 style with After Effect, Cinema 4D, 3DS Max, Apple Motion or Flash. Audio or music for Pond5 Hanging decoractions with Christmas media 43811852. Full details of Pond5 Hanging decoractions with Christmas media 43811852 for digital design and education. Pond5 Hanging decoractions with Christmas media 43811852 desigen style information or anything related.


On a cold spring day, a note arrived in my email that felt like summer.
"Your art is beautiful, heartfelt and was exactly what I needed this morning as I continue to try muster up the courage to commit to being a full time artist rather than just a part-time creative soul."
Thank you Michelle. Your email meant so much. It makes me really happy to think that my creative journey inspired you and maybe others.
And it is a journey. Sometimes it is full of serendipity. Some days it feels long.
But the most important thing I do is simply start. I put a canvas or window on my easel and walk away. I write down the idea or words for a new print or card and leave it on my studio desk. I begin an altered book by painting one page over in gesso.
And then I trust the process. I have put something in motion.
This past week, just taking the dead holiday greens out from my studio window box was enough. I know if I do that, I will be inspired to add pansies. At my studio, I also added in a little recycled "patience" as I wait (not so patiently) for a string of sunny days ahead.
The flowers in my window lasted all the mean winter. I need to add a few more in, but right now I am just celebrating these few and their brightness and resiliency.
And speaking of flowers, I am a big believer in planting creative seeds everyday. For me, these seeds can be applying for a show, emailing a collector, sending a thank you card, commenting on a blog or applying for a grant.
Or just sprinkling some hearts in your path. I sprinkled some hearts on my studio steps last summer and uncovered one while raking up winter and fall last week.
Good energy always comes back to you.
Writing about starting and inspiration, I am in love with my new website. I worked with Matt and Darice Pauselius. Meet them here over the details of how we rebranded and redid my site.
We did indeed start and we finished in record time. It was so great to work with like-minded souls who are artists and are amazing at coding.
I cannot sprinkle enough praise on them.


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Our 2023 National Electrical Code Course is Now Available!
The 2023 National Electrical Code (NEC) is here! This article covers NEC history, the update process, and a chapter breakdown! Stay tuned in the months ahead for more updates.
A Look to The Future: What Does 2023 Hold for the Security Provider
The past few years shook things up in the world – especially the security industry. Here is a look ahead to possible changes coming in 2023.
The 2023 National Electrical Code (NEC) | 5 Big Changes Coming Soon!
Here are five of the most radical changes found between the covers of the 2023 National Electrical Code (NEC)!
Face as the Key: Understanding Facial Authentication
This article discusses facial authentication technology, its legal concerns, and its future.
The 2023 National Electric Code Has Arrived!
Recently in
Securing & Supporting Cables & Raceways Part Two | JADE Learning
The requirements for securing and supporting are similar in intent, but there are differences. Securing is done by installing a mechanical means of attachment to the cable and attaching it to a stationary structural member so the cable does not move. This will prevent the cable or conduit from becoming loose and pulling away from a box or fitting. Support requires a mechanical means to prevent the cable from sagging or drooping which may cause damage to the cable and create a hazard. A cable may remain loose while its support is maintained.


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Favourites Log In Sign Up
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Simply enter your postcode, choose from our list of local estate agents, and provide your contact details. We will then contact you to arrange a convenient date for one of our representatives to visit your property and carry out a free market appraisal.
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17 properties in BR3
Sorry we didn't find any results in br3
Beckenham, BR3
An individually designed gated warehouse conversion having been finished to a high specification offering above average sized open plan modern living. The accommodation comprises: cloakroom, large lounge/diner, sliding doors to a courtyard setting. Fully fitted open......
Show Mini Map
5 Bedroom Detached House For Sale
Located centrally in Beckenham off Copers Cope Road with easy access to both New Beckenham and Beckenham Junction rail stations and set within the gated Copley Park development. Comprising versatile accommodation over three floors, this beautiful home offers superb......
This four double bedroom Victorian semi-detached house is Located in one of Beckenham's sought after private roads within a few hundred yards of Kent House railway station and easy walking distance of Clock House station and tram links. The property boasts many......
Rarely available is this very well presented, four bedroom town house located in a quiet cul-de-sac off Foxgrove Road. The property is situated within easy reach of local shops at Beckenham High Street together with transport facilities that include rail services from......
GUIDE PRICE £775,000 to £800,000 A modern style four bedroom family property having been beautifully presented by the present owners. The property has been extended and modernised to a high specification boasting a cloak room TV/games room, lounge opening onto an......
Langley Schools catchment area. Substantial detached three bedroom family home. This property is well presented and offers scope for extension (subject to planning). The ground floor briefly comprises: porch, entrance hall, through reception room with dining area and......
This is a truly unique property was originally the stables to Beckenham Place Park and has been sympathetically extended creating a four bedroom semi-detached property. Other accommodation provides: lounge, dining room, kitchen, utility room, family bathroom and......
BALGOWAN Primary School catchment area. We are pleased to offer to the market this character three bedroom mid terraced family home with further potential to extended (STPP). Accommodation comprises; cloakroom, through lounge/diner and a separate fitted kitchen with a...
Langley Catchment Rarely Available. This traditional 1930's three bedroom extended family property set in a quiet cul-de-sac location. The property has been sympathetically restored with many outstanding original features and comprises accommodation including two......
3 Bedroom Mews House For Sale
Rarely available, this modern three double bedroom mid terraced house set in a private gated development within close proximity of the popular Langley Schools. The property comprises well planned accommodation which includes a good sized lounge/diner opening onto......
Close to Langley and Marian Vian schools. This four bedroom mid terrace house offers larger than average accommodation and benefits include easy access to Eden Park station at just over half a mile. Other accommodation provides; two reception rooms, kitchen, utility......
Langley Catchment A larger than average 1930s gable fronted family property. The property offers well planned accommodation and briefly comprises of two good sized reception rooms, one with the original featured fireplace, plus a conservatory and a fitted kitchen......
Beckenham 234, High Street, Beckenham, Greater London, BR3
West Wickham Wickham House, 1 High Street, West Wickham, Greater London, BR4
About Alan de Maid
Careers with Alan de Maid
Alan De Maid is a trading name of Countrywide Estate Agents. Registered Office: Greenwood House, 1st Floor, 91-99 New London Road, Chelmsford, Essex, CM2 0PP. Registered in England Number 00789476. Alan De Maid is a trading name of Countrywide Residential Lettings Limited, Registered Office: Greenwood House, 1st Floor, 91-99 New London Road, Chelmsford, Essex, CM2 0PP. Registered in England Number 02995024 which is an agent and subsidiary of Countrywide Estate Agents, Registered Office: Greenwood House, 1st Floor, 91-99 New London Road, Chelmsford, Essex, CM2 0PP. Registered in England Number 00789476. Countrywide Residential Lettings Limited is regulated by RICS. Countrywide Estate Agents is an appointed representative of Countrywide Principal Services Limited which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority.


Secrets of Baby Behavior: Does Avoiding Cow's Milk While Breastfeeding Change Baby Behavior?
Does Avoiding Cow's Milk While Breastfeeding Change Baby Behavior?
Breastfeeding mothers restrict milk in their diets for a variety of reasons. They may think that eliminating milk or other allergenic foods from their diet can improve their baby's crying and frequent waking behaviors or reduce risk of allergies. Parents may hear stories of maternal milk restriction improving a baby's crying and/or "colicky" behavior. (Mannion 2007) Let's take a look at the facts.
The sugar present in cow's milk that is sometimes linked to allergies is also present in breast milk. Thus, eliminating milk from the diet of the breastfeeding mother will not drastically change the amount of these milk byproducts in the breast milk. Babies' digestive systems already have the enzyme needed to break down the lactose, or milk sugar, as well. Gas is a normal side effect of digesting lactose in babies! There is no need to eliminate milk from the mother's diet for "lactose intolerance" because lactose is naturally in the breast milk. True lactose intolerance does not develop until later in childhood and babies are not allergic to lactose.
A true cow's milk allergy is an allergy to the protein in cow's milk, and occurs in 7.5% of infants. In exclusively breastfed infants, the incidence rate is 0.5% and it is thought that the protein in cow's milk is transferred to the infant through the mother's breast milk. (Denis 2012) With this allergy, you would see increased crying and night waking due to pain, but you would also see some obvious symptoms such as rash or hives and/or blood or mucus in your baby's bowel movements. If you see any of these symptoms or suspect your baby has an allergy, call your doctor.
Breast milk contains many antibodies that protect your baby against allergies, ear infections and many other diseases. More research is needed to determine without a doubt whether cow's milk intake in breastfeeding mothers indeed may cause allergies in at-risk infants and whether it affects changes in baby behavior, such as crying and more frequent waking. If you are breastfeeding and have a history of food allergies in your family, talk to your doctor, especially if the symptoms listed in paragraph 3 above occur in your baby. Even if mothers avoid allergenic foods, prevention of food allergy was only seen for the short-term (Mavroudi 2011) and Denis et al recommends that mothers not restrict diary as a means to prevent allergies in their babies.
Mavroudi A and Xinias I. Dietary interventions for primary allergy prevention in infants. Hippokratia. 2011;15(3): 216–222.
Denis M, Loras-Duclaux I, Lachaux A. Cow's milk protein allergy through human milk. Arch Pediatr.2012;19(3):305-12.
Mannion CA, Gray-Donald K, Johnson-Down L, Koski KG. Lactating Women Restricting Milk Are Low on Select Nutrients. J Am Coll Nutr. 2007; 26(2): 149-155.
I had to stop drinking milk (switched to soy) when breastfeeding because of my child's excessive night wakings, mucous stool, and kicking and crying out with wind pain. It was like a switch when I stopped she was completely better. It took her first 5 weeks to try cutting out dairy. I would occasionally try a cheese pizza now and then and deeply regret it overnight. Gradually she became more tolerant of things and now as a 14 mth old can have yogurt and cheese, but still must drink soy milk, too much dairy tips her over an edge. I'm sure she will eventually grow out of it.


"The sweet spirit of Liverpool"
This gin is made by hand in the heart of Liverpool. Unique and wonderfully decadent, The Ginsmiths have combined the dryness of their dry gin with the sweetness of marshmallow root. The resulting gin is dry with a lovely sweet aftertaste, perfect for those that like the sweetness and flavour of Marshmallow!
A truly indepenent, artisan Liverpol gin, made in the city itself! It's the people that make Liverpool the unique city that it is, and nothing can be truer than with the Ginsmiths – a team of passionate, local experts, with a depth and a wealth of distilling knowledge and expertise.
Distilled in the Baltic Triangle in the heart of Liverpool, the Ginsmiths of Liverpool hand make their gin in small batches. They use a combination of locally sourced ingredients, combined with exotic botanicals that they carefully select from around the world.


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package org.javarosa.j2me.storage.rms;

import org.javarosa.core.services.storage.Persistable;
import org.javarosa.core.util.externalizable.DeserializationException;
import org.javarosa.core.util.externalizable.PrototypeFactory;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RawRecord implements Persistable {

    byte[] data;
    int id;

    public RawRecord () {

    }

    public RawRecord (int id, byte[] data) {
        this.id = id;
        this.data = data;
    }

    public void readExternal(DataInputStream in, PrototypeFactory pf) throws IOException, DeserializationException {
        throw new RuntimeException("write-only");
    }

    public void writeExternal(DataOutputStream out) throws IOException {
        out.write(data);
    }

    public void setID(int ID) {
        this.id = ID;
    }

    public int getID() {
        return this.id;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
package com.pattern.factory;

public class HumanFactory extends AbstractHumanFactory {

    @Override
    public <T extends Human> T createHuman(Class<T> c) {
        Human human = null;
        try {
            human = (T) Class.forName(c.getName()).newInstance();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Create error.");
        }
        return (T) human;
    }

}


text:
Barrow Grammar Schools
Parkview School in 2009. The building with the green slate roof was the former Barrow Girls School, while the building with the orange tiled roof was Barrow Boys Grammar School
The Barrow Grammar Schools were two adjacent single-sex education schools in Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire (now Cumbria), England during the 20th century. Both schools merged in 1979 to form the co-educational Parkview Community College of Technology. Parkview School itself was merged in 2012 with Thorncliffe School and Alfred Barrow School to form Furness Academy. Parkview School and all elements of the former Grammar Schools were demolished in 2014 with a new school building for Furness Academy being constructed in the playing fields of Parkview.
1.1 Barrow Boys and Girls Grammar Schools
1.2 Parkview School
1.3 Disestablishment
2 Notable alumni
Barrow Boys and Girls Grammar Schools[edit]
The schools included Barrow Boys Grammar School which opened in 1930 and Barrow Girls Grammar School in 1932. 186 students from Barrow Boys Grammar School died during combat in World War I and II and are commemorated on plaques in Furness Academy.[1] Alumni of the grammar schools are known as 'Old Barrovians'
The boys had a school song:
Autumn gold and winter weather, summer due and bluebell spring, days afoot in Furness heather, these I know, these
are mine, these are part of me till I. perish. Westaway the seas lie open, east away the sun rides high, outward bound in morning glory, free and ready here am I.
Parkview School[edit]
Parkview Community College of Technology (or simply Parkview School) took over the former grammar school buildings naming the boys school Fraser Building and the girls school Auld Building. Both buildings were connected via the a new sports department and sports hall, while an extension to Fraser Building included Parkview's technology faculty. In 1979 Up to 2009, Parkview was Barrow's largest school in terms of pupil numbers and land area, with around 1,000 pupils attending the school. The last acting headteacher of Parkview School was Robert Swales after replacing Enid Fraser.
Disestablishment[edit]
2012 saw the establishment of Furness Academy which utilised the buildings of Parkview School for one academic year. It was named the 'South Site' as a number of students remained based in Thorncliffe School ('North Site'). Plans were drawn up for a state-of-the-art school building for Furness Academy, leaving the Parkview School buildings redundant. A common misconception was that the former grammar school buildings held listed status and were immune from major development. Ultimately demolition of the complex commenced in 2014 with property developers Mullberry Homes planning 64 large family homes on the site.[2] In September 2014 during the demolition process, a major fire broke out in the former Auld Building of Parkview School (the original Girls Grammar School), an arson investigation was launched as a result.[3]
Notable alumni[edit]
Barrow-in-Furness Grammar School for Boys
See also: Category:People educated at Barrow-in-Furness Grammar School for Boys
Chris Blackhurst
Philip Martin Brown
Glenn Cornick
Gordon Fallows
Jack Lewis, Baron Lewis of Newnham
Dave Myers
Ivor Porter
Richard Reeves
Joseph Stenhouse
Victor Chavez (businessman)
Barrow-in-Furness Grammar School for Girls
See also: Category:People educated at Barrow-in-Furness Grammar School for Girls
Philippa Russell
Parkview School
List of schools in Barrow-in-Furness
Furness Academy
^ "Barrow-in-Furness Boys Grammar School". UK National Inventory of War Memorials. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
^ "Scores of New Barrow Homes Planned as Firm Lands Ex-School Sites". North West Evening Mail. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
^ "Barrow School Buildings Arson Investigation Launched". North West Evening Mail. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
Schools in Cumbria
Chetwynde School
Holme St Cuthbert School
Appleby Grammar School
Beacon Hill Community School
Caldew School
Cartmel Priory School
Cockermouth School
Dallam School
Dowdales School
Energy Coast UTC
John Ruskin School
Keswick School
Kirkbie Kendal School
Kirkby Stephen Grammar School
The Lakes School
Millom School
Nelson Thomlinson School
Netherhall School
Newman Catholic School
Queen Elizabeth Grammar School
Queen Elizabeth School
Queen Katherine School
Richard Rose Central Academy
Richard Rose Morton Academy
St Bernard's Catholic High School
St Benedict's Catholic High School
St Joseph's Roman Catholic High School
Samuel King's School
Settlebeck School
Solway Community School
Trinity School
Ullswater Community College
Ulverston Victoria High School
Walney School
West Lakes Academy
The Whitehaven Academy
William Howard School
Workington Academy
Austin Friars
St Bees School
Sedbergh School
Windermere School
Oversands School
Sixth form & FE colleges
Barrow Sixth Form College
Furness College
Kendal College
Lakes College
Defunct schools
Barrow-in-Furness Grammar Schools
Barrow-in-Furness Higher Grade School
Barrow-in-Furness Technical School
Casterton School
Eden Grove School
Hawkshead Grammar School
John Whinnerah Institute
Salterbeck School
Southfield Technology College
Town Bank Grammar School
Urswick Grammar School
Wigton School
Workington School
Wyndham School, Egremont
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Grammar_Schools&oldid=942490357"
Defunct schools in Cumbria
Educational institutions established in the 1930s
Educational institutions disestablished in 1979
Former buildings and structures in Barrow-in-Furness
Cumbria articles missing geocoordinate data
All articles needing coordinates
This page was last edited on 25 February 2020, at 00:18 (UTC).


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Home Lifestyle 40-Degree Plus Songkran Expected
40-Degree Plus Songkran Expected
Simon Duncan, Deputy Editor
Tourists splashing water with elephants on Monday at Ayutthaya Historical Park in Ayutthaya province
By Simon Duncan
BANGKOK — The mercury is predicted to peak at 39C in parts of the capital today. If that is not hot enough for you, don't worry, during Songkran Bangkok and large swathes of the country are expected to experience temperatures that fly into the forties.
According to the Thai Meteorological Department, Sukothai experienced a sweltering high of 44C yesterday and endured another sweaty day today.
In many parts of the north and northeast temperatures are set to exceed 40C from today until at least Monday.
Bangkok and much of central and eastern Thailand is slightly cooler by comparison today, but from Thursday to Saturday the capital and many surrounding provinces are predicted to reach a punishing 40C or more.
Things are set to be comparatively cooler in southern and coastal regions where daytime highs are predicted to be around 35-38C during Songkran according to the Meteorological Department.
During Songkran southerly winds are set to bring humidity from the South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand to cover the north, northeast and the central region with occasional respites from gusts of wind and some hail in some areas, according to the weather bureau.
Bangkok can expect haze during the day throughout out the New Year period. There is also the possibility of isolated thunderstorms throughout the country.
Residents and tourists eating lunch today in in Yala province
Hot, Hot, Hot: Prepare for 39C in Bangkok
Previous articleKalasin is the Richest Place on Earth, Interior Ministry Site Claims
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Gay Kiss Cut From Chinese Version Of Alien: Covenant
Beth Elderkin
Jun 19, 2017, 4:00pm
Alien: Covenant was released in China on Friday, and moviegoers were quick to point out quite a few significant changes. Not only were several of the alien scenes removed, having them on screen for less than a couple of minutes... but Chinese censors also pulled the film's gay kiss.
During the film, identical cyborgs David and Walter (both played by Michael Fassbender) ended up having the most surprisingly powerful romance in the entire film. There was that rather erotic scene where David teaches Walter how to play the flute. As Walter starts to blow into the flute, David whispers in his ear: "I'll do the fingering." Then, after David tells Walter that no one will love him like he does, the pair share a kiss.
Unfortunately, that kiss ended up on the cutting room floor before its China release, leaving audiences feeling like something was missing, according to The Hollywood Reporter. This isn't related to Alien: Covenant's gay couple, played by Demián Bichir and Nathaniel Dean, as their relationship was barely explored in the film. There was a prologue released online that showed them kissing and cuddling, but it wasn't included in the movie.
Over the years, the Chinese government has implemented censorship laws on films and shows, under the guise of protecting children from sexual or violent imagery. Chinese TV shows are forbidden from showing gay relationships, but films don't have the same restriction. Even so, it's not surprising that the kiss between David and Walter was cut, as censors err on the side of restrictive when it comes to LGBT representation. Brokeback Mountain was denied a release for its depiction of a gay relationship, and Best Picture winner Moonlight's prospects of getting a release are slim-to-none by this point.
Chinese censors tend to deny films with overt LGBT sexuality but are looser when the character's sexual orientation is implied. For example, Power Rangers was approved as-is, despite a scene where the Yellow Ranger questions her sexuality. Beijing authorities even praised their own tolerance when they allowed Beauty and the Beast's LGBT-lite dance scene to stay in the film.
In The Live-Action Beauty And The Beast, Disney Will Have Its First Out Gay Character
Altogether, about six minutes of footage was cut from the Chinese release of Alien: Covenant, with most of it being scenes of blood and gore, focusing on the aliens themselves. According to a post on the Baidu message board, the removed footage meant the actual aliens were only on screen for a total of one to two minutes, making the whole experience "extremely frustrating."
[The Hollywood Reporter]


Aadisht Khanna is now available in RSS format.
1. No, I will not do "your RSS too". Unless you're female, rich, pretty, and have infinite tolerance for bad jokes.
2. And if you're not all of the above, you can do it yourself using this.


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A sampling of reviews for Gremlin Theatre's past productions:
Twin Cities Arts Readers: Lovely Tangles In Don't Dress For Dinner
French bedroom farce is in fine form in Gremlin Theatre's production of Don't Dress for Dinner. French playwright Marc Camoletti wrote the original play, which was presented using Robin Hawdon's English adaptation. Don't Dress for Dinner was Gremlin's very first production all the way back in 1998, and was selected as the first for the company's new permanent home in Vandalia Tower. Brian Balcom's direction this comedy about infidelity and mistaken identity is flush with impeccable timing. Read full review »
Star Tribune: Odets' Rocket to the Moon soars at Gremlin Theatre
Gremlin Theatre revives brilliantly a timeless piece from a great American playwright. (Rocket To The Moon pictured) Read full review »
How was the show: Jane Martin's H20
The Gremlin's production frequently rings true and doesn't simplify its characters' complex emotional journeys. While the show may dip its toes a little too far into shock tactics at times, it nevertheless resonates. It is far more concerned with its characters than its themes, and this serves to ultimately underline its multifaceted subject matter and leave a lasting impact. Read full review »
MPR's State of the Arts: The reviews are in for Uncle Vanya
Insightfully perceptive and emotionally involving, Gremlin Theatre's production of Uncle Vanya should be required viewing for anyone inclined to shrug off Chekhov as a dramatic chore. Though the work eschews romantic notions, the sincerity of unvarnished emotion only proves the more poignant. – Examiner.com
In "Uncle Vanya," we watch Chekhov at his best — walking the tight wire between comedy and tragedy. Johnson rages like a harlequin; his Vanya packs a pistol during a tantrum against his pompous former brother-in-law, professor Alexander Serebryakov. Yet, in his verbal typhoons we realize that Vanya's hatred is aimed not only at this insufferable visitor to the country estate, but at himself — for allowing his own bad choices and inertia to bully him into a wasted life. – Star Tribune
TC Daily Planet: After Miss Julie
Sundberg has a gift for portraying both lust and vulnerability, and she's at her best embodying the mercurial Miss Julie. The roguish Hansen, for his part, nails the alternating pride and shame of his character: always the groomer, never the groom. And Whisner, an accomplished and busy actress whose previous shows I've somehow managed to completely miss, feels absolutely authentic as a woman whose patience is rapidly approaching the fine line between infinite and merely near-infinite. Perhaps most impressively, with the help of dialect coach Patrick Bailey, all three manage convincing and consistent class- and region-specific British accents. Read full review »
Pioneer Press: Sea Marks is a love story told at a refreshingly slow pace
Director Ellen Fenster wisely allows the tale to unspool at its pace, trusting in her performers and the script to carry the tale.
That trust is well-placed. In its tone and in its telling, "Sea Marks" asks us to downshift from our own frenetic place, to look at relationships from a different perspective. Its rewards are simple but satisfying. Read full review »


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İTÜ gives all staff and students a big opportunity to live in touch with various kinds of sports. It provides you with doing both individual sports and team sports from yoga to swimming, from volleyball to aikido with indoor and outdoor sport facilities. All year round, various training and tournaments are held in many areas of sports, which gives İTÜ sportspersons a chance to represent our country in national or international arenas.
At İTÜ, there are 11 sports facilities, of which 5 at Ayazağa Campus, 3 at Gümüşsuyu Campus, 1 at Maçka Campus and 2 at Tuzla Campus. İTÜ has nearly 20.000 m2 indoor and 24,000 m2 outdoor sports facilities totalling approximately 45,000 m2 field for sports.
At Ayazağa Campus, there are 15,630 m2 indoor 21,150m2 outdoor sports halls, and 3,100 m2 indoor area, consisting of basketball, volleyball, badminton, korfball, and handball courts, fencing hall and table-tennis. Spectator capacity is 3,500 person. In addition, there is a fitness center, where you can also benefit from studios for yoga, pilates and aerobics. Moreover, Ayazağa Campus has well-equipped 5 outdoor tennis courts certified by the International Tennis Federation.
Olympic indoor swimming pool is also another big opportunity for both staff and students, also offering swimming and water polo courses. National and international swimming and water polo competitions are hosted.
Ayazağa Campus Stadium with 5100 spectator capacity offers opportunity to hold various sports competitions, concerts and various events. At the stadium, there is tartan truck surface, 2 football astro pitches and 2 outdoor basketball courts. There are suitable surfaces for beach soccer, beach volleyball and beach handball.
Spot facilities, at Ayazağa Campus, also host the championship games held by the Turkish University Sports Federation.
At Gümüşsuyu Campus, there is 1,500 m2 indoor and 2,400 m2 outdoor sports halls including 1 astro pitch and 1 tennis court. Indoor sports hall provides staff and students with playing basketball, volleyball, table tennis and also taking dance lessons.
In Tuzla Campus, there is 2,800 m2 indoor sports hall consisting of training pool, Ruhi Sarıalp fitness center.
In Maçka Campus, there is 30 m2 indoor sports center including a fitness center.
Student Clubs at İTÜ play important roles in students' social life. There are nearly over 200 student clubs in different categories such as academy, science, technology, art, sports, field of social responsibility, profession and career. Student clubs carry out various national and international activities that are supported and are considered important by the Rectorate. Students are encouraged to increase the number of student clubs that allow different disciplines to work together.
For further information: http://kuluplerbirligi.itu.edu.tr/
At İTÜ, there are separate academic and student dining halls at each campus, of which approximately 15000 students benefit. All calories are calculated in accordance with the required daily calorie intake by the departments of Food Engineering and Environment Engineering. Regular health check at the dining halls are in place.
Additionally, there are various cafes and restaurants located on the Ayazağa Campus to suit all budgets.
As a social responsibility project, the FanFan Café, which is the first university café in Turkey that has staff employed with Down syndrome, was established during 2013-2014 academic year.
Green Campus project, started in the year of 2013, opens up an opportunity to preserve natural habitat and biodiversity at Ayazağa campus in which there is 650.000 m2 field of forest, 40.000 m2 green space and 20.000 m2 lake. İTÜ has 25m2 green area per person. Amongst 619 universities in the world, İTÜ was ranked 77th in the Green Metric ranking system in 2017. Ayazağa Campus has walking trail and bicycle road in order to reduce vehicular traffic and carbon emission. İTÜ provides staff and students with cycling paths, bicycle-renting stations and bike stands to encourage the use of bicycles. Additionally, sorting and recycling domestic and dangerous waste is another priority for İTÜ within the scope of Green Campus perception. By attaching great importance to animals and living creatures at all campuses, İTÜ is intertwined with nature. The scenic beauty enriched with landscaping makes spending time at campus more enjoyable. Besides, our campus is disabled-friendly.


Computer servers, computer networks, to other computers and have their functions and services, such as providing it. In addition, such software. Is also indicated by the abbreviations such as ""SV"" and ""srv"", ""svr"". If the point explicitly to the computer (the hardware) it is called ""Server computer"", ""machine"", ""server machine"" and refers to the software called ""software"" and ""server software"" server program. In addition, Crown type, such as features, such as ""database server"", ""Web server"", ""00"" and called General. On the other hand, accesses the server over the network, or receive other functions and services, such as you can use computer and software called client (client). Connect to the host (host), the host software running on computer body responsible for actual processing in the field, such as the so-called large general-purpose machines (main frame), and the data input and output devices and software is called Terminal (terminal).


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American Security Project » About » Our Staff & Fellows » ASP's Senior Adjunct Fellows
ASP's Senior Adjunct Fellows
ASP's Adjunct Fellows are not located at ASP's Washington, DC office. ASP does not forward U.S. mail to adjunct fellows. If you wish to reach an Adjunct Fellow, please send your inquiry to press@americansecurityproject.org
Senior Adjunct Fellows
Adjunct Fellows
Junior Adjunct Fellows
Resident Staff & Fellows
Dr. Seyom Brown
Adjunct Senior Fellow
Expertise: U.S. Grand Strategy, U.S. Nuclear Policy, Arms Control
Dr. Brown has held senior research and policy analysis positions at the RAND Corporation, the Brookings Institution, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs in... More
Fadi Elsalameen
Fadi Elsalameen is a political commentator, op-ed writer, and public speaker on Arab-Israeli affairs. He is a Non-resident Fellow at the Foreign Policy Institute at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. He is also an Adjunct Senior Fellow at the American Security Project, a Washingt... More
Eric T. Gunn
Expertise: National Security Strategy, Future Security Environment, Strategic Objectives
Eric Gunn is an Adjunct Senior Fellow for the American Security Project, specializing in national security strategy, the future security environment, and the definition of strategic objectives by the... More
Danielle Camner Lindholm
Managing Director, Roaring Fork Strategies
Specializing in the economic and commercial aspects of national security, Danielle Camner Lindholm has worked in a comprehensive range of positions: doing international standards harmonization at the Department of Transportation; as the Country Manager for the Middle East and North Africa at the U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA);... More
Eliot D. Pence
Eliot D. Pence serves as Director at McLarty Associates, where he concentrates on Africa. Prior to McLarty, Mr. Pence served as a director for a consulting firm focused on Africa, where he advised multinational companies on their strategies in over 20 markets througho... More
Ken Robbins
Adjunct Fellow
Expertise: National Security Strategy, National Military Strategy, Strategic Communications
Areas of Interest: Energy Security, Terrorism, Asymmetric Operations
Kendric H. Robbins is a retired Army officer with more than twenty years of experience serving in tactical, ... More
Douglas A. Smith
Expertise: Homeland and National Security issue with a focus on the intersection between national and economic security
Former Assistant Secretary for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Douglas Smith, is currently Executive Vice President and General Manager f... More
Joanne Trotter
Expertise: Participatory governance, fragile and conflict affected states, youth employment, employability and empowerment, education, agricultural livelihoods
Joanne Trotter is an independent consultant and advisor. She supports the design, implementation and asse... More
Dr. Joshua W. Walker
Expertise: Middle East (Syria/Iran), Eurasia, Turkey, Japan, Asian Security Architecture, Public Diplomacy, Strategic Commercial Diplomacy
Dr. Joshua W. Walker is the Vice-President of APCO Worldwide, a leading strategic communications firm where he most recently helped set up its newest office in Tokyo, Japan along with overseeing its Global Programs consisting of 34 reg... More
Jake E. Zimmerman
Jake E. Zimmerman, Senior Associate, PricewaterhouseCoopers Public Sector (PS), leads one of the Firm's largest business development portfolios focused on Foreign Affairs, National Security, and In... More


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Сборная Таиланда по пляжному футболу — представляет Таиланд на международных соревнованиях по пляжному футболу. Контролируется футбольной ассоциацией Таиланда.

Чемпионат мира
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!Год
!Раунд
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
| Бразилия 1995||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 1996||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 1997||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 1998||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 1999||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 2000||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 2001||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 2002||4-е место||5||3||2||14||21||-7
|-
| Бразилия 2003||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 2004||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 2005||11-е место||2||0||2||3||13||-10
|-
| Бразилия 2006||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Бразилия 2007||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Франция 2008||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| ОАЭ 2009||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Италия 2011||colspan=9|Не участвовала
|-
| Таити 2013||colspan=9|Не прошла квалификацию
|-
| Португалия 2015||colspan=9|Не прошла квалификацию
|-
| Багамы 2017||colspan=9|Не прошла квалификацию
|-
| Парагвай 2019||colspan=9|Не прошла квалификацию
|-
| Россия 2021||colspan=9|Не прошла квалификацию
|-
|Итого||2/20||7||2||5||17||34||-17
|}

 Состав

 Тренер''':  Абольфазл Ходабандехлу

Примечания

Ссылки

Таиланда
Пляжный футбол в Таиланде
Пляжный футбол
Футбол в Таиланде

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Founded in 2005 by prominent professionals in India, Institute of Chartered Tax Advisers of India was approved by Govt. of India as Public body in 2009 under Central act 1 of 1956 to impart specialized education in field of taxation and to have a common platform for all those who practice in taxation laws, irrespective of their individual affiliations and to enable them to share the benefits of their learning, experience and knowledge.
ICTAI has been recognized and approved by Govt. of India to carry out its educational activities.
In 2005, eminent professionals from the fields of Direct and Indirect Taxes conceived the idea of establishing a National level body for Tax Advisers. The Institute has completed 12 years of its purposeful existence. ICTAI is supported by Company Secretaries, Chartered Accountants, Senior Advocates, Advocates and Tax Practitioners, practicing Direct and Indirect Taxes, from across the Country.
ICTAI fosters study and discussion of complex and controversial issues in tax theory, practice and policy, and other aspects of taxation.
Professional associated with ICTAI enjoys a strong bond of fellowship leading to fraternal brotherhood amongst professionals. ICTAI brings together corporate, academic, and independent professionals– a rich mix of Tax Professionals and policy analysts; taxpayer representatives; practicing lawyers and accountants; professors of economics, law and accounting; students; and interested citizens. As of today in the taxation, ICTAI is the only apex incorporated organisation of our country which has been conferred Chartered with its name. It is a unique association at the National level.
Professionals and students associated with ICTAI have a role in all aspects of the institutes' professional activities and programs, including setting the agenda for conferences and seminars, participating in the annual Symposium and the annual Conference on Taxation, and contributing to ICTAI publications. Professionals and students associated with ICTAI benefit from steeply reduced conference registration fees.
As leader in the field, ICTAI is committed for enhancement of knowledge and employable skills and commitment to maintain the highest standards and integrity. Today ICTAI contribute its efforts towards large number of undergraduate and graduates students to become successful individuals in highly demanding career in Taxation.


Here are some basic credit terms you'll need to know and understand.
A loan calculated so that all the finance charges and other creditor expenses are deducted before the consumer receives the principal.
The cost of credit at a yearly rate. Knowing the APR allows you to effectively compare loans, even when they are structured differently.
A final payment at the end of a loan term that is considerably larger than the regular periodic payments.
A Bankruptcy is an official legal declaration that one is unable to pay their debts, and under the law is seeking legal protection from creditors. There are different types of Bankruptcy protection agreements, the most common of which are called Chapter 7 and Chapter 13.
Chapter 7 is a bankruptcy is one in which the debtor declares total financial insolvency and all their assets are liquidated, paying off creditors whatever is collected from the sales. Any remaining debts are then dissolved. A Chapter 7 bankruptcy will typically stay on the debtor's credit report for 10 years.
Chapter 13 is a bankruptcy in which the debtor will negotiate with his creditors new repayment terms for debts owed, allowing him to keep all his existing assets. A Chapter 14 bankruptcy will typically stay on the debtor's credit report for 7 years.
A short-term loan in which the borrower's car title is used as collateral. The borrower must be the lien holder (i.e. own the car outright). Loans are usually for less than 30 days. If the loan is not repaid, the lender can take ownership of the car and sell it to recoup the loan amount.
These loans are also known as "auto title loans" or just "title loans".
A type of short-term borrowing where an individual borrows a small amount at a very high rate of interest.
A debt that is so delinquent that the lender considers it a total loss. To recoup what they can, creditors will normally sell these accounts to collection companies for pennies on the dollar. The collection company is then entitled to the entire balance owed on these accounts and will aggressively try to collect on the debt. It is important to note that the borrower is still legally obligated to pay the debt even if the creditor has considered the account a total loss.
– It was closed by the creditor, due to inactivity.
– You requested that it be closed.
– It was transferred to a new account. This can happen if you refinance the loan. In doing so, the old account is closed and the balance transferred to the new account.
– You paid it off. This would apply to loans, such as a car loan.
– Your creditor closed it because you had not been making payments on it. In these cases, unless you contact the creditor to make payment arrangements, it may go to collections.
A collection account is an account that is seriously past due and that a creditor has turned over to a collection department or even a collection agency for more aggressive action.
After a collection account is sold or transferred to a third-party collection agency, the debtor must typically deal with the collection agency representatives rather than the original creditor. A severely delinquent debt may end up being reported twice on a credit report, once by the original creditor and once by the collection agency.
Paying off a collection account will end the constant phone calls from the collector, but it will not necessarily improve one's credit score. While having paid-off a collection account is preferable to still owing the debt, potential lenders generally do not distinguish between the two; they are both very derogatory items.
The replacement of multiple loans with a single loan, often with a lower monthly payment and a longer repayment period. Also called 'debt consolidation loan'.
The Consumer Credit Protection Act was created in 1968 to help guarantee American consumers fair and honest credit practices. This federal legislation standardized practices to ensure that lenders throughout the country followed the same sets of regulations.
As banking and credit reporting evolved, additional laws were developed and put into place under the Consumer Credit Protection Act. Although each has a special niche among the financial guidelines, they share a common trait. They were put in place to protect consumers.
A regulatory agency charged with overseeing financial products and services that are offered to consumers. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau is divided into several units, including: research, community affairs, consumer complaints, the Office of Fair Lending and the Office of Financial Opportunity. These units work together to protect and educate consumers about the various types of financial products and services that are available.
An agency that researches and collects individual credit information and sells it for a fee to creditors so they can make a decision on granting loans. Typical clients include banks, mortgage lenders, credit card companies and other financing companies. Also commonly referred to as consumer reporting agency or credit reporting agency. Currently, there are 3 major credit bureaus: Experian, Equifax, and Transunion.
Any card that may be used repeatedly to borrow money or buy products and services on credit. Issued by banks, savings and loans, retail stores, and other businesses.
A record of a consumer's ability to repay debts and demonstrated responsibility in repaying debts. A consumer's credit history consists of information such as: number and types of credit accounts, how long each account has been open, amounts owed, amount of available credit used, whether bills are paid on time, and number of recent credit inquiries. It also contains information regarding whether the consumer has any bankruptcies, liens, judgments or collections. This information is all contained on a consumer's credit report.
The maximum amount of credit that a bank or other lender will extend to a customer, or the maximum that a credit card company will allow a card holder to borrow on a single card.
A report containing detailed information on a person's credit history, including identifying information, credit accounts and loans, bankruptcies and late payments, and recent inquiries. It can be obtained by prospective lenders with the borrower's permission, to determine his or her creditworthiness.
A number between 300 – 850 that represents the creditworthiness of an applicant. The higher the score, the more creditworthy the applicant and the more likely the borrower will pay back a loan on time. Credit scores are derived from various factors, the most significant being a person's credit history.
A debt which has been incurred and will be paid back at some point in the future. This is very common with student loans, where a borrower graduates, but is unable to find employment. In most cases where a deferment is granted, interest on the loan is still calculated and added to the balance each month.
Failure to make a payment on time. On a credit report, a delinquent is usually expressed as 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, or 120 days past due.
The Fair & Accurate Credit Transactions Act is an amendment to the FCRA that allows for consumers to obtain a free credit report from each of the three major bureaus (Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion) once every 12 months. The act also contains provisions to help reduce identity theft, such as the ability for individuals to place alerts on their credit histories if identity theft is suspected, or if deploying overseas in the military, thereby making fraudulent applications for credit more difficult. Further, it requires secure disposal of consumer information.
The Fair Credit Billing Act is a United States federal law enacted in 1974 as an amendment to the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). Its purpose is to protect consumers from unfair billing practices and to provide a mechanism for addressing billing errors in "open end" credit accounts, such as credit card or charge card accounts.
The Fair Credit Reporting Act is a United States federal law that regulates the collection, dissemination, and use of consumer information, including consumer credit information. Along with the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), it forms the base of consumer credit rights in the United States.
The law's purpose is to: eliminate abusive practices in the collection of consumer debts, to promote fair debt collection, and to provide consumers with an avenue for disputing and obtaining validation of debt information in order to ensure the information's accuracy. It is often used in conjunction with the Fair Credit Reporting Act.
A fee charged for the use of credit or the extension of existing credit. May be a flat fee or a percentage of borrowings, with percentage-based finance charges being the most common.
A finance charge is often an aggregated cost, including the cost of the carrying the debt itself along with any related transaction fees, account maintenance fees or late fees charged by the lender.
With credit cards, this is the interest you end up paying on any remaining balance if you don't pay your credit card bill in full each month.
When a borrower defaults on a home mortgage loan and the lender initiates proceedings to take possession of the house and sell it to recover the debt. In an involuntary foreclosure, the borrower typically remains liable for the full amount of the debt. If the house sells for less than the amount the borrower owed on the mortgage, the borrower may still be required to pay the remaining balance.
A legal process whereby payments towards a debt owed by an individual can be paid by a third party – which holds money or property that is due to the individual – directly to the creditor. The third party in such a case is generally the individual's employer and is known as the garnishee. Garnishments are typically used for debts such as unpaid taxes, monetary fines and child support payments.
For example, if John Smith owes $10,000 in unpaid taxes that have been overdue, the IRS can resort to garnishment of his wages. The IRS would then direct Smith's employer to remit a portion of his salary for a certain amount of time, until Smith has paid off his taxes in full. Garnishments can have a negative impact on one's credit rating.
A provision in most loan contracts which allows payment to be received for a certain period of time after the actual due date. During this period no late fees will be charged, and the late payment will not result in default or cancellation of the loan. A typical grace period is 15 days. Payments made within the grace period will not result in a 30 day late indicator on the borrower's credit history.
A method of borrowing in which a homeowner may borrow against their home's equity as needed using a checkbook or credit card. It differs from a standard loan in that the borrowing may be done over a period of time, as needed, preventing excess borrowing and limiting interest costs.
A consumer loan secured by a second mortgage, allowing home owners to borrow against their equity in the home. Consequently, the home is used as collateral in securing the loan.
– Opening new credit cards as the other person.
– Obtaining a job as the other person.
– Committing crimes as the other person.
The list goes on. The issue this creates for the victim is that they have to put in many hours of work to "clean up" their identity once they discovered it has been compromised.
An inquiry is something that appears on your credit report each time it is viewed by a person or a company. There are two types of inquiries: hard inquiries and soft inquiries.
Hard inquiries occur when somebody views your credit report for the purpose of deciding whether they should approve your application for a loan. These types of inquiries will often lower your credit score for a temporary amount of time.
Soft inquiries occur when somebody views your credit report for reasons other than extending your credit, such as a potential employer doing a background check on you.
Whether an inquiry will be a hard inquiry or a soft inquiry will not always be apparent. If in doubt, you should ask the party that is going to view your credit report what type of inquiry will be made.
A judgment on your credit report is an indication that a court had determined that you are legally liable for a debt. This will typically occur if you owe another party money, they take you to court, and you lose the case.
Judgments usually only occur if the creditor feels you owe enough to make it worth their time taking you to court. For small debts, the creditor will typically charge them off (write off as a loss) and sell it to a collection company.
Types of judgments can include: back child support, money still owed on a repossessed car, medical bills.
A late payment is exactly what it sounds like. You paid your bill late and the creditor that added to your credit report. Creditors will typically give you some sort of grace period before adding a late payment indicator to your credit report. If you pay your bills late by a few days, it probably will not appear on your credit report. If you are a few weeks late on your payment, it will likely be reported. A late payment will lower your credit score.
A repossession occurs when a creditor takes back an item, usually tangible, that you still owe money on and have not been making payments on. More often than not, this happens with vehicles. As you may have guessed: this lowers your credit score.
A debt that is considered settled in return for a negotiated payment amount less than the actual balance of the debt. In these scenarios, the borrower is already very delinquent on the account. Lenders will generally try to negotiate a settlement amount prior to considering the debt a total loss and selling it to a collection company.
An account that is settled is technically less derogatory than one that was a charge-off. However, both items are seen as negative in the eyes of a potential lender.
Just as it sounds, short sale is selling real estate property short of the loan balance. Short sale is an alternative to foreclosure. Once a foreclosure judgement has been made, the homeowner no longer has options. But if he falls on hard times and contacts the lender before the foreclosure is complete, he and the lender can agree to sell the property short of the loan amount owed and part company.
A tax lien appears on your credit report when you owe taxes to a government entity.
Wage garnishments occur when you owe a creditor a debt and they take you to court and the court rules in their favor. The creditor does not actually add the wage garnishment to your credit report–the court does via a public record entry. Wage garnishments are a serious matter and should be taken care of as soon as possible. They also can have a very big impact on your credit score.


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March 15, 2018 June 13, 2019 ~ squarishbracket
IQ is an increasingly controversial topic these days. I find that when it comes up, different people seem to be extremely confident in wildly different beliefs about the nature of IQ as a measure of intelligence.
Part of this has to do with education. This paper analyzed the top 29 most used introductory psychology textbooks and "found that 79.3% of textbooks contained inaccurate statements and 79.3% had logical fallacies in their sections about intelligence." [1]
This is pretty insane, and sounds kinda like something you'd hear from an Alex Jones-style conspiracy theorist. But if you look at what the world's experts on human intelligence say about public opinion on intelligence, they're all in agreement: misinformation about IQ is everywhere. It's gotten to the point where world-famous respected psychologists like Steven Pinker are being blasted as racists in articles in mainstream news outlets for citing basic points of consensus in the scientific literature.
The reasons for this are pretty clear… people are worried about nasty social and political implications of true facts about IQ. There are worthwhile points to be made about morally hazardous beliefs and the possibility that some truths should not be publicly known. At the same time, the quantification and study of human intelligence is absurdly important. The difference between us and the rest of the animal world, the types of possible futures that are open to us as a civilization, the ability to understand the structure of the universe and manipulate it to our ends; these are the types of things that the subject of human intelligence touches on. In short, intelligence is how we accomplish anything as a civilization, and the prospect of missing out on ways to reliably intervene and enhance it because we avoided or covered up research that revealed some inconvenient truths seems really bad to me.
Overall, I lean towards thinking that the misinformation is so great, and the truth so important, that it's worthwhile to attempt to clear things up. So! The purpose of this post is just to sort through some of the mess and come up with a concise and referenced list of some of the most important things we know about IQ and intelligence.
IQ Basics
The most replicated finding in all of psychology is that good performance on virtually all cognitively demanding tasks is positively correlated. The name for whatever cognitive faculty causes this correlation is "general intelligence", or g.
A definition of intelligence from 52 prominent intelligence researchers: [2]
Intelligence is a very general capability that, among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience. It is not merely book learning, a narrow academic skill, or test‑taking smarts. Rather, it reflects a broader and deeper capability for comprehending our surroundings—'catching on', 'making sense' of things, or 'figuring out' what to do. Intelligence, so defined, can be measured, and intelligence tests measure it well.
IQ tests are among the most reliable and valid of all psychological tests and assessments. [3]
They are designed to test general intelligence, and not character or personality.
Modern IQ tests have a standard error of measurement of about 3 points.
The distribution of IQs in a population nicely fits a Bell curve.
IQ is defined in such a way as to make the population mean exactly 100, and the standard deviation 15.
People with high IQs tend to be healthier, wealthier, live longer, and have more successful careers. [4][5][6]
IQ is highly predictive of educational aptitude and job performance. [7][8][9][10][11]
Longitudinal studies have shown that IQ "is a causal influence on future achievement measures whereas achievement measures do not substantially influence future IQ scores." [12]
Average adult combined IQs associated with real-life accomplishments by various tests
Accomplishment IQ
MDs, JDs, and PhDs 125
College Graduates 115
1–3 years of college 104
Clerical and sales workers 100–105
High school graduates, skilled workers (e.g., electricians, cabinetmakers) 97
1–3 years of high school (completed 9–11 years of school) 94
Semi-skilled workers (e.g. truck drivers, factory workers) 90–95
Elementary school graduates (completed eighth grade) 90
Elementary school dropouts (completed 0–7 years of school) 80–85
Have 50/50 chance of reaching high school 75
(table from Wiki)
Table 25.1 Relationship between intelligence and measures of success (Results from meta-analyses)
Measure of success r k N Source
Academic performance in primary education 0.58 4 1791 Poropat (2009)
Educational attainment 0.56 59 84828 Strenze (2007)
Job performance (supervisory rating) 0.53 425 32124 Hunter and Hunter (1984)
Occupational attainment 0.43 45 72290 Strenze (2007)
Job performance (work sample) 0.38 36 16480 Roth et al. (2005)
Skill acquisition in work training 0.38 17 6713 Colquitt et al. (2000)
Degree attainment speed in graduate school 0.35 5 1700 Kuncel et al. (2004)
Group leadership success (group productivity) 0.33 14 Judge et al. (2004)
Promotions at work 0.28 9 21290 Schmitt et al. (1984)
Interview success (interviewer rating of applicant) 0.27 40 11317 Berry et al. (2007)
Reading performance among problem children 0.26 8 944 Nelson et al. (2003)
Becoming a leader in group 0.25 65 Judge et al. (2004)
Academic performance in secondary education 0.24 17 12606 Poropat (2009)
Academic performance in tertiary education 0.23 26 17588 Poropat (2009)
Income 0.20 31 58758 Strenze (2007)
Having anorexia nervosa 0.20 16 484 Lopez et al. (2010)
Research productivity in graduate school 0.19 4 314 Kuncel et al. (2004)
Participation in group activities 0.18 36 Mann (1959)
Group leadership success (group member rating) 0.17 64 Judge et al. (2004)
Creativity 0.17 447 Kim (2005)
Popularity among group members 0.10 38 Mann (1959)
Happiness 0.05 19 2546 DeNeve & Cooper (1998)
Procrastination (needless delay of action) 0.03 14 2151 Steel (2007)
Changing jobs 0.01 7 6062 Griffeth et al. (2000)
Physical attractiveness -0.04 31 3497 Feingold (1992)
Recidivism (repeated criminal behavior) -0.07 32 21369 Gendreau et al. (1996)
Number of children -0.11 3 Lynn (1996)
Traffic accident involvement -0.12 10 1020 Arthur et al. (1991)
Conformity to persuasion -0.12 7 Rhodes and Wood (1992)
Communication anxiety -0.13 8 2548 Bourhis and Allen (1992)
Having schizophrenia -0.26 18 Woodberry et al. (2008)
(from Gwern)
Nature of g
IQ scores are very stable across lifetime. [13]
This doesn't mean that 30-year-old you is no smarter than 10-year-old you. It means that if you test the IQ of a bunch of children, and then later test them as adults, the rank order will remain roughly the same. A smarter-than-average 10 year old becomes a smarter-than-average 30 year old.
After your mid-20s, crystallized intelligence plateaus and fluid intelligence starts declining. Obligatory terrifying graph: (source)
High IQ is correlated with more gray matter in the brain, larger frontal lobes, and a thicker cortex. [14][15]
"There is a constant cascade of information being processed in the entire brain, but intelligence seems related to an efficient use of relatively few structures, where the more gray matter the better." [16]
"Estimates of how much of the total variance in general intelligence can be attributed to genetic influences range from 30 to 80%." [17]
Twin studies show the same results; there are substantial genetic influences on human intelligence. [18]
The genetic component of IQ is highly polygenic, and no specific genes have been robustly associated with human intelligence. The best we've found so far is a single gene that accounts for 0.1% of the variance in IQ. [17]
Many genes have been weakly associated with IQ. "40% of the variation in crystallized-type intelligence and 51% of the variation in fluid-type intelligence between individuals" is accounted for by genetic differences. [19]
Scientists can predict your IQ by looking only at your genes (not perfectly, but significantly better than random). [19]
This study analyzed 549,692 base pairs and found a R = .11 mean correlation between their predictions and the actual fluid intelligence of over 3500 unrelated adults. [19]
You might be wondering at this point what all the controversy regarding IQ is about. Why are so many people eager to dismiss IQ as a valid measure of intelligence? Well, we now dive straight into the heart of the controversy: intergroup variation in IQ.
It's worth noting that, as Scott Alexander puts it: society is fixed, while biology is mutable. This fear we have that if biology factors into the underperformance of some groups, then such difference are intrinsically unalterable, makes little sense. We can do things to modify biology just as we can do things to modify society, and in fact the first is often much easier to do and more effective than the easier.
Anyway, prelude aside, we dive into the controversy.
Group differences in IQ
Yes, there are racial differences in IQ, both globally and within the United States. This has been studied to death, and is a universal consensus; you won't find a single paper in a reputable psychology journal denying the numerical differences. [20]
Within the United States, there is a long-standing 1 SD (15 to 18 point) IQ difference between African Americans and White Americans. [2]
The tests in which these differences are most pronounced are those that most closely correspond to g, like Raven's Progressive Matrices. [6] This test also is free of culturally-loaded knowledge, and only requires being able to solve visual pattern-recognition puzzles like these ones:
Harder still
Controlling for the way the tests are formulated and administered does not affect this difference. [2]
IQ scores predict success equally accurately regardless of race or social class. This provides some evidence that the test is not culturally biased as a predictor. [2] [19]
Internationally, the lowest average IQs are found in sub-Saharan Africa and the highest average IQs are found in East Asia. The variations span a range of three standard deviations (45 IQ points). [21]
Malawi has an estimated average IQ of 60.
Singapore and Hong Kong have estimated IQs around 108.
(image from here)
A large survey published in one of the top psychology journals polled over 250 experts on IQ and international intelligence differences. [21]
On possible causes of cross-national differences in cognitive ability: "Genes were rated as the most important cause (17%), followed by educational quality (11.44%), health (10.88%), and educational quantity (10.20%)."
"Around 90% of experts believed that genes had at least some influence on cross-national differences in cognitive ability."
Men and women have equal average IQs.
But: "most IQ tests are constructed so that there are no overall score differences between females and males." [6]
They do this by removing items that show significant sex differences. So, for instance, men have a 1 SD (15 point) advantage on visual-spatial tasks over women. Thus mental rotation tests have been removed, in order to reduce the perception of bias. [22]
Males also do better on proportional and mechanical reasoning and mathematics, while females do better on verbal tests. [22]
Hormones are thought to play a role in sex differences in cognitive abilities. [23]
Females that are exposed to male hormones in utero have higher spatiotemporal reasoning scores than females that are not. [24]
The same thing is seen with men that have higher testosterone levels, and older males given testosterone. [25]
There is also some evidence of men having a higher IQ variance than women, but this seems to be disputed. If true, it would indicate more men at the very bottom and the very top of the IQ scale (helping to explain sex disparities in high-IQ professions). [26]
IQ Trends
In the developed world, average IQ has been increasing by 2 to 3 points per decade since 1930. This is called the Flynn effect.
The average IQ in the US in 1932, as measured by a 1997 IQ test, would be around 80. People with IQ 80 and below correspond to the bottom 9% of the 1997 population. [27]
Some studies have found that the Flynn effect seems to be waning in the developing world, and beginning in the developing world. [28]
A large survey of experts found that most attribute the Flynn effect to "better health and nutrition, more and better education and rising standards of living." [29]
The Flynn effect is not limited to IQ tests, but is also found in memory tests, object naming, and other commonly used neuropsychological tests. [30]
Many studies indicate that the black-white IQ gap in the United States is closing. [23]
Can IQ be increased?
There are not any known interventions to reliably cause long term increases (although decreasing it is easy).
Essentially, you can do a handful of things to ensure that your child's IQ is not low (give them access to education, provide them good nutrition, prevent iodine deficiency, etc), but you can't do much beyond these.
Educational intervention programs have fairly unanimously failed to show long-term increases in IQ in the developed world. [23]
The best prekindergarten programs have a substantial short-term effect on IQ, but this effect fades by late elementary school.
Random curiosities
Several large-scale longitudinal studies have found that children with higher IQ are more likely to have used illegal drugs by middle age. This association is stronger for women than men. [31][32]
This actually makes some sense, given that IQ is positively correlated with Openness (in the Big Five personality traits breakdown).
The average intelligence of Marines has been significantly declining since 1980. [33]
"The US military has minimum enlistment standards at about the IQ 85 level. There have been two experiments with lowering this to 80 but in both cases these men could not master soldiering well enough to justify their costs." (from Wiki)
This is fairly terrifying when you consider that 10% of the US population has an IQ of 80 or below; evidently, this enormous segment of humanity has an extremely limited capacity to do useful work for society.
Researchers used to think that IQ declined significantly starting around age 20. Subsequently this was found to be mostly a product of the Flynn effect: as average IQ increases, the normed IQ value inflates, so a constant IQ looks like it decreases. (from Wiki)
The popular idea that listening to classical music increases IQ has not been borne out by research. (Wiki)
There's evidence that intelligence is part of the explanation for differential health outcomes across socioeconomic class.
"…Health workers can diagnose and treat incubating problems, such as high blood pressure or diabetes, but only when people seek preventive screening and follow treatment regimens. Many do not. In fact, perhaps a third of all prescription medications are taken in a manner that jeopardizes the patient's health. Non-adherence to prescribed treatment regimens doubles the risk of death among heart patients (Gallagher, Viscoli, & Horwitz, 1993). For better or worse, people are substantially their own primary health care providers."
"For instance, one study (Williams et al., 1995) found that, overall, 26% of the outpatients at two urban hospitals were unable to determine from an appointment slip when their next appointment was scheduled, and 42% did not understand directions for taking medicine on an empty stomach. The percentages specifically among outpatients with inadequate literacy were worse: 40% and 65%, respectively. In comparison, the percentages were 5% and 24% among outpatients with adequate literacy. In another study (Williams, Baker, Parker, & Nurss, 1998), many insulin-dependent diabetics did not understand fundamental facts for maintaining daily control of their disease: Among those classified as having inadequate literacy, about half did not know the signs of very low or very high blood sugar, and 60% did not know the corrective actions they needed to take if their blood sugar was too low or too high. Among diabetics, intelligence at time of diagnosis correlates significantly (.36) with diabetes knowledge measured 1 year later (Taylor, Frier, et al., 2003)." [34]
IQ differences might be able to account for a significant portion of global income inequality.
"… in a conventional Ramsey model, between one-fourth and one-half of income differences across countries can be explained by a single factor: The steady-state effect of large, persistent differences in national average IQ on worker productivity. These differences in cognitive ability – which are well-supported in the psychology literature – are likely to be malleable through better nutrition, better education, and better health care in the world's poorest countries. A simple calibration exercise in the spirit of Bils and Klenow (AER, 2000) and Castro (Rev. Ec. Dyn., 2005) is conducted. According to the model, a move from the bottom decile of the global IQ distribution to the top decile will cause steady-state living standards to rise by between 75 and 350 percent. I provide evidence that little of IQ-productivity relationship is likely to be due to reverse causality." [35]
Exposure to lead hampers cognitive development and lowers IQ. You can calculate the economic boost the US received as a result of the dramatic reduction in children's exposure to lead since the 1970s and the resulting increase in IQs.
"The base-case estimate of $213 billion in economic benefit for each cohort is based on conservative assumptions about both the effect of IQ on earnings and the effect of lead on IQ." [36]
Yes. $213 billion.
In a 113-country analysis, IQ has been found to positively affect all main measures of institutional quality.
"The results show that average IQ positively affects all the measures of institutional quality considered in our study, namely government efficiency, regulatory quality, rule of law, political stability and voice and accountability. The positive effect of intelligence is robust to controlling for other determinants of institutional quality." [37]
High IQ people cooperate more in repeated prisoner's experiments; 5% to 8% more cooperation per 100 point increase in SAT score (7 pt IQ increase). [38][39]
The second paper also shows more patience and higher savings rates for higher IQ. [39]
Embryo selection is a possible way to enhance the IQ of future generations, and is already technologically feasible.
"Biomedical research into human stem cell-derived gametes may enable iterated embryo selection (IES) in vitro, compressing multiple generations of selection into a few years or less." [40]
Average IQ gain
1 in 2 4.2
1 in 10 11.5
1 in 100 18.8
1 in 1000 24.3
There is a ridiculous amount of research out there on IQ, and you can easily reach any conclusion you want by just finding some studies that agree with you. I've tried to stick to relying on large meta-analyses, papers of historical significance, large surveys of experts, and summaries by experts of consensus views.
[1] Warne, R. T., Astle, M. C., & Hill, J. C. (2018). What Do Undergraduates Learn About Human Intelligence? An Analysis of Introductory Psychology Textbooks. Archives of Scientific Psychology, 6(1), 32-50.
[2] Gottfredson, L. S. (1997). Mainstream science on intelligence: An editorial with 52 signatories, history and bibliography. Intelligence, 24(1), 13-23.
[3] Colom, R. (2004). Intelligence Assessment. Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology, 2(2), 307–314.
[4] Batty, D. G., Deary, I. J,, Gottfredson, L. S. (2007). Premorbid (early life) IQ and Later Mortality Risk: Systematic Review. Annals of Epidemiology, 17(4), 278–288.
[5] Gottfredson, L. S. (1997). Why g Matters: The Complexity of Everyday Life. Intelligence, 24(1), 79-132.
[6] Neisser, U, et al. (1996). Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns. American Psychological Association. American Psychologist, 51(2), 77-101.
[7] Deary, I. J., et al. (2007). Intelligence and educational achievement. Intelligence, 35(1), 13-21.
[8] Dumfart, B., & Neubauer, A. C. (2016). Conscientiousness is the most powerful noncognitive predictor of school achievement in adolescents. Journal of Individual Differences, 37(1), 8-15.
[9] Kuncel, N. R., & Hezlett, S. A. (2010). Fact and Fiction in Cognitive Ability Testing for Admissions and Hiring Decisions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(6), 339-345.
[10] Schmidt, F. L., Hunter, J. E. (1998). The Validity and Utility of Selection Methods in Personnel Psychology: Practical and Theoretical Implications of 85 Years of Research Findings. Psychological Bulletin, 124(2), 262-274.
[11] Hunter, J. E., & Hunter, R. F. (1984). Validity and utility of alternative predictors of job performance. Psychological Bulletin, 96(1), 72-98.
[12] Watkins, M. W., Lei, P., Canivez, G. L. (2007). Psychometric intelligence and achievement: A cross-lagged panel analysis. Intelligence, 35(1), 59-68.
[13] Deary, I. J., et al. (2000). The stability of individual differences in mental ability from childhood to old age: follow-up of the 1932 Scottish Mental Survey. Intelligence, 28(1), 49–55.
[14] Frangou, S., Chitins, X., Williams, S. C. R. (2004). Mapping IQ and gray matter density in healthy young people. NeuroImage, 23(3), 800-805.
[16] Narr, K., et al. (2007). Relationships between IQ and Regional Cortical Gray Matter Thickness in Healthy Adults. Cerebral Cortex, 17(9), 2163–2171.
[15] University Of California – Irvine. "Human Intelligence Determined By Volume And Location Of Gray Matter Tissue In Brain." ScienceDaily, 20 July 2004.
[17] Deary, I. J., Penke, L., Johnson, W. (2010) The neuroscience of human intelligence differences. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11(3), 201–211.
[18] Deary, I. J., Johnson, W., Houlihan, L. M. (2009). Genetic foundations of human intelligence. Human Genetics, 126(1), 215-232.
[19] Davies, G., et al. (2011). Genome-wide association studies establish that human intelligence is highly heritable and polygenic. Mol Psychiatry, 16(10), 996–1005.
[20] Rushton, J. P., Jensen, A. R. (2005). Thirty Years of Research on Race Differences in Cognitive Ability. Psychology, Public Policy, 11(2), 235-294.
[21] Rindermann, H., Becker, D., Coyle, T. R. (2016). Survey of Expert Opinion on Intelligence: Causes of International Differences in Cognitive Ability Tests. Frontiers in Psychology, 7.
[22] Ellis, L., et al. (2008). Sex Differences: Summarizing More than a Century of Scientific Research. Psychology Press.
[23] Nisbett, R. E., et al. (2012). Intelligence: New Findings and Theoretical Developments. American Psychologist, 67(2), 129.
[24] Resnick, S. M., et al. (1986). Early hormonal influences on cognitive functioning in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Developmental Psychology, 22(2), 191-198.
[25] Janowsky, J. S., Oviatt, S. K., Orwoll, E. S. (1994) Testosterone influences spatial cognition in older men. Behavioral Neuroscience, 108(2), 325-332.
[26] Lynn, R., Kanazawa, S. (2011). A longitudinal study of sex differences in intelligence at ages 7, 11 and 16 years. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(3), 321–324.
[27] Neisser, U. (1997). Rising Scores on Intelligence Tests. American Scientist, 85(5), 440-447.
[28] Pietschnig, J., Voracek, M. (2015). One Century of Global IQ Gains: A Formal Meta-Analysis of the Flynn Effect (1909-2013). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(3), 282-306.
[29] Rindermann, H., Becker, D., Coyle, T. R. (2017). Survey of expert opinion on intelligence: The Flynn effect and the future of intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 106, 242-247.
[30] Trahan, L. H., et al. (2014). The Flynn Effect: A Meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 140(5), 1332-1360.
[31] White, J., Gale, C. R., Batty, D. G. (2012). Intelligence quotient in childhood and the risk of illegal drug use in middle-age: the 1958 National Child Development Survey. Annals of Epidemiology, 22(9), 654-657.
[32] White, J., Batty, D. G. (2011). Intelligence across childhood in relation to illegal drug use in adulthood: 1970 British Cohort Study. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 66(9).
[33] Cancian, M. F., Klein, M. W. (2015). Military Officer Quality in the All-Volunteer Force. National Bureau of Economic Research, WP 21372.
[34] Gottfredson, L.S. (2004). Intelligence: Is it the epidemiologists' elusive fundamental cause of social class inequalities in health? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86(1), 174-199.
[35] Jones, G. (2005). IQ in the Ramsey Model: A Naive Calibration. George Mason University.
[36] Grosse, S. D., et al. (2002). Economic Gains Resulting from the Reduction in Children's Exposure to Lead in the United States. Environmental Health Perspectives, 110(6), 563-569.
[37] Kalonda-Kanyama, I. & Kodila-Tedika, O. (2012). Quality of Institutions: Does Intelligence Matter?. Working Papers Series in Theoretical and Applied Economics 201206, University of Kansas, Department of Economics.
[38] Jones, G. (2008). Are Smarter Groups More Cooperative? Evidence from Prisoner's Dilemma Experiments, 1959-2003. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 68(3–4), 489-497.
[39] Jones, G. (2011). National IQ and National Productivity: The Hive Mind Across Asia. Asian Development Review, 28(1), 51-71.
[40] Shulman, C. & Bostrom, N. (2014). Embryo Selection for Cognitive Enhancement: Curiosity or Game-changer?. Global Policy 5(1), 85-92.
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3 thoughts on "All about IQ"
Really interesting ! I personally think that the problem with IQ is how much importance is given to it. I also think that there is way more beyond the definition of intelligence as measured by these tests. Most of the times they evaluate problem solving, language ability or reasoning but I feel these are not the only component of intelligence. Anyway there are also a few problems with tests like the Wechsler's ones, even though they're valid and predictable…
I like how documented your post is 🙂
squarishbracket says:
Thanks for the comment! Glad you found it interesting 🙂
Lenz says:
Wow, what an amazing article. Thank you for summarizing!
Do you mind if I ask you, what your IQ is?


This week I've had an influx of red and golden beets from local farmer friends of mine Eric and Christina Amadio at Amadio Ranch in Laveen, Arizona. These beauties are flipping perfect, and organically grown. Plus, they come from some good hard-working people that I just love! If you've never tried golden beets, they are a bit milder in flavor than red beets and they are gorgeous! I love them.
This is a light and refreshing salad that really is brilliant in color and is extremely simple to make. The addition of apples gives the salad a sweet-tart crunch balanced with the peach balsamic dressing. I'm picky. I'm specific about the brand on of balsamic that I use because the flavor is deep and complex with natural sweetness.
4 large beets, about 1 lb. Peel and dice.
Cook the beets by placing them in a 1 quart pot on the stove. Cover and steam 15-20 minutes over medium heat until tender. Cool.
In a large bowl combine the beets and chopped fresh apple with the dressing ingredients. The apples won't get brown because they take on the color of the beets.
* If you do not have peach infused white balsamic vinegar, you can use 1/4 cup white balsamic+1/4 cup peach puree.
There you go. It's vegan, clean, and divine!
A very simple salad for all the Spring and Summer adventures ahead.
Amadio Ranch Peach Truck and Amadio Ranch Farm Store. You will not be disappointed.
Oh...and their pie...is to die for. To. Die. For! We've purchased them twice on separate occasions. The strawberry rhubarb and the blueberry. I'm in love. Clean flavors, with just a hint of spice so that the natural organic fruit flavor comes through. They're killing it over there in Laveen. Killing it!


text:
Q: Save product duplicates the image I have an import script for saving new products.
To save the image I use:
<?php
Mage::init();
$app = Mage::app('default');

[...lots of code...]

$tmpFile = 'tmp/' . $this->productInfo['SKU'] . '.jpg';
$this->product->addImageToMediaGallery( $tmpFile, array('image', 'thumbnail', 'small_image'), false );
$this->product->save();
?>

The product is added to Magento.
When I go to the images, I will see 2 images the first one works and the second one doesn't work and has the same image name but with _2.jpg. Also the second broken image is set as image, thumbnail and small image.
Why does it add two images?

A: I have fixed the problem :)
I call a function. Inside this function I save the product.
On the next line after calling the function I save the product again ( so I saved the product two times )
It looks like both saves run at the same time because I deleted the save function from my custom function and now it works like it should :D

A: Have a look at the addImageToMediaGallery function in app/code/core/Mage/Catalog/Model/Product.php:
/**
 * Add image to media gallery
 *
 * @param string        $file              file path of image in file system
 * @param string|array  $mediaAttribute    code of attribute with type 'media_image',
 *                                          leave blank if image should be only in gallery
 * @param boolean       $move              if true, it will move source file
 * @param boolean       $exclude           mark image as disabled in product page view
 * @return Mage_Catalog_Model_Product
 */
public function addImageToMediaGallery($file, $mediaAttribute=null, $move=false, $exclude=true)
{
    $attributes = $this->getTypeInstance(true)->getSetAttributes($this);
    if (!isset($attributes['media_gallery'])) {
        return $this;
    }
    $mediaGalleryAttribute = $attributes['media_gallery'];
    /* @var $mediaGalleryAttribute Mage_Catalog_Model_Resource_Eav_Attribute */
    $mediaGalleryAttribute->getBackend()->addImage($this, $file, $mediaAttribute, $move, $exclude);
    return $this;
}

You'll see there is another parameter which is a boolean to exclude the product from the small image preview, yet you're setting this boolean as False. The primary image should have this value set to 'true' to avoid duplicating the image. So give that a shot:
$this->product->addImageToMediaGallery( $tmpFile, array('image', 'thumbnail', 'small_image'), true);

Then you should be all set.

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