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essential Dining
"I would never win an award for not loving pizza."
- Dwayne Johnson
"Those pizzas I ate were for medicinal purposes."
- Amy Neftzger
"Pizza! Pizza! Pizza!"
- Jerri Blank (Strangers with Candy)
Is there such a thing as a day that isn't made better with pizza? Even if you get hit by a pizza delivery truck, the first thing that crosses your mind is, "Hey, maybe I'll get free pizza." We can all agree that life's too short to eat bad pizza, but I'll eat bad pizza to hold myself over until good pizza arrives. With so many great pizzerias in Madison, it's not always easy to choose where you'll get your next pizza from, though I'll bet Glass Nickel Pizza makes a lot of locals' shortlists.
The high level of community support for Glass Nickel feeds into the pizzeria's founding philosophy: the 4 Cs—crew, customer, community, company. Megan Nicholson, co-owner, says, "We really feel like if we take care of our crew, they're going to take care of the customers really, really well. And if the customers feel taken care of, that's a benefit to our community in multiple ways. And if the community is taken care of, then that comes back to the company so that we can keep the cycle going and keep doing more."
To Megan; her husband, Tim Nicholson; Tim's business partner, Brian Glassel; and Brian's wife, Rebecca, giving back to the community isn't just something they set aside to do for a set amount of time each year. They're always ready to give back when the opportunity presents itself. "We have schools that come to us," says Megan. "We have gift cards for silent auctions. We feed volunteer groups, donate to healthcare workers." They also get involved in sponsoring youth sports teams and other local organizations.
As for their more focused contributions, Megan says, "Four times a year, Glass Nickel sets up company-wide donation days, where we can do something statewide more collectively as a group." This includes supporting Big Brothers Big Sisters, the Goodman Community Center and other foodbanks, Dane County Humane Society, Multiple Sclerosis Society, and Wisconsin Honor Flight.
Shifting to the food and customer side of things, Glass Nickel encourages patrons to get creative in the pizza process. "If we've got the ingredient in all of our build-your-own stuff, we can make it," says Megan. "We love that. Every once in a while, we'll even have a customer send us a specialty pizza idea." And being creative isn't limited to ingredients. Their Make at Home kit means you make the pizza yourself. Personally, I love building a pizza with my three-year-old. It's not only fun, but the pizza always comes out delicious.
"You obviously have to have good pizza and good food," says Megan. "Whether you're coming to work, whether you're coming to pick up a pizza, whether we just live in the neighborhood next to you and you know we're a business in your area, we just want everyone to have a good experience."
The crew goes out of their way to make customers genuinely feel appreciated, and they feel like part of the company because they're treated as such. "We've always talked about keeping employees in the forefront of our mind and making sure that we keep looking into how we can make the workplace a better place to be, not even just in wages, but what types of benefits we can offer and benefits that people are interested in."
Most recently, Glass Nickel worked to prioritize health over profits with their approach to COVID-19. Even though owners decided to close the dining room before the official mandate and had to let serving staff go or offer them back-of-house options, most crew, regardless of which position they worked, were appreciative of the extra steps and precautions taken early on. Glass Nickel immediately began doing preshift temperature checks and offering contact-free delivery and pickup, maintaining the lobby and dining room closures even after partial reopening was allowed.
You'll be hard pressed to find a Glass Nickel pizzeria that doesn't display the same level of awareness and regard toward its employees and customers because "they're all owned by previous employees," says Megan. "That makes us feel good too. That somebody at some point has worked either with us or with another Glass Nickel, and that they have wanted to open their own."
Each owner is by extension part of the undertaking Tim and Brian started 23 years ago. "Tim and Brian met each other working at another pizza place in Madison and became friends. Tim had always worked at pizza places around the country. Brian had owned a pizza place before and had just come back to Madison. They were talking about what type of pizza was in Madison at the time, and they said, 'I know we can do it. I know we can do it better.'" After overcoming the hurdle of finding a lease, many thought Madison didn't need another pizza place, Glass Nickel started writing its lengthy chapter in Madison's pizzeria story.
Over the years, trends and accommodations have been embraced and built upon. Every off-the-wall and traditional flavor that comes out of any Glass Nickel pizzeria is a joint decision that doesn't leave room for sacrifices in quality. It took years before the crew and owners were happy with their gluten-free crust. And if any dough isn't coming out right, Brian's on the case. "I always laugh and call Brian the dough whisperer. … He can walk in and see dough, and he just knows what needs to be tweaked or adjusted."
Making great pizza, building relationships with customers, it's all part of the business, but there's so much more. Megan says, "We really appreciate the community support, especially now." The support positions Glass Nickel to continue the reciprocal relationship they've made their company's keystone. Under the 4 Cs, ordering pizza might just be the ultimate love letter to the Greater Madison area, even if it is a little cheesy.
Glass Nickel Pizza Co.
glassnickelpizza.com


Mana Loa Condo in Lauderdale By The Sea is really a wonderful location. The Lauderdale By The Sea location is amazing. But, if this isn't the community for you, you might like one of the other local communities like Europa or Residence Condo or Ocean Place that are located here as well.


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The Appenzeller originated as an all-around farm dog breed, who stayed busy herding the livestock, guarding the farm, and pulling carts in his native Switzerland. Today's Appenzellers have still got the energy, smarts, and self-confidence that makes for valuable working dogs — but they're anything but low-maintenance. Dogs of this breed need lots of exercise, training, and a job to do.
See below for full Appenzeller Sennenhunde characteristics!
Appenzeller Sennenhunde Dog Breed Information, Pictures, Characteristics & Facts – Dogtime
Initiate Gallery
Additional articles you will be interested in:
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Feeding a Puppy
Dog games for smart cookies
Breed Characteristics:
Adapts Well to Apartment Living
Contrary to popular belief, small size doesn't necessarily an apartment dog make — plenty of small dogs are too high-energy and yappy for life in a high-rise. Being quiet, low energy, fairly calm indoors, and polite with the other residents, are all good qualities in an apartment dog.
See Dogs Not Well Suited to Apartment Living
Good For Novice Owners
Some dogs are simply easier than others: they take to training better and are fairly easygoing. They're also resilient enough to bounce back from your mistakes or inconsistencies. Dogs who are highly sensitive, independent thinking, or assertive may be harder for a first-time owner to manage. You'll get your best match if you take your dog-owning experience into account as you choose your new pooch.
See Dogs That Are Good For Experienced Owners
Sensitivity Level
Some dogs will let a stern reprimand roll off their backs, while others take even a dirty look to heart. Low-sensitivity dogs, also called "easygoing," "tolerant," "resilient," and even "thick-skinned," can better handle a noisy, chaotic household, a louder or more assertive owner, and an inconsistent or variable routine. Do you have young kids, throw lots of dinner parties, play in a garage band, or lead a hectic life? Go with a low-sensitivity dog.
See Dogs That Have Low Sensitivity Levels
Tolerates Being Alone
Some breeds bond very closely with their family and are more prone to worry or even panic when left alone by their owner. An anxious dog can be very destructive, barking, whining, chewing, and otherwise causing mayhem. These breeds do best when a family member is home during the day or if you can take the dog to work.
See Dogs Poorly Suited To Be Alone
Tolerates Cold Weather
Breeds with very short coats and little or no undercoat or body fat, such as Greyhounds, are vulnerable to the cold. Dogs with a low cold tolerance need to live inside in cool climates and should have a jacket or sweater for chilly walks.
See below for a list of dog breeds who can handle cold climates.
Click here to see Dogs Poorly Suited For Cold Weather
Tolerates Hot Weather
Dogs with thick, double coats are more vulnerable to overheating. So are breeds with short noses, like Bulldogs or Pugs, since they can't pant as well to cool themselves off. If you want a heat-sensitive breed, the dog will need to stay indoors with you on warm or humid days, and you'll need to be extra cautious about exercising your dog in the heat.
See Dogs Poorly Suited For Hot Weather
All Around Friendliness
Some breeds are independent and aloof, even if they've been raised by the same person since puppyhood; others bond closely to one person and are indifferent to everyone else; and some shower the whole family with affection. Breed isn't the only factor that goes into affection levels; dogs who were raised inside a home with people around feel more comfortable with humans and bond more easily.
See Dogs Less Affectionate with Family
Incredibly Kid Friendly Dogs
Being gentle with children, sturdy enough to handle the heavy-handed pets and hugs they can dish out, and having a blasé attitude toward running, screaming children are all traits that make a kid-friendly dog. You may be surprised by who's on that list: Fierce-looking Boxers are considered good with children, as are American Staffordshire Terriers (aka pit bulls). Small, delicate, and potentially snappy dogs such as Chihuahuas aren't so family-friendly.
**All dogs are individuals. Our ratings are generalizations, and they're not a guarantee of how any breed or individual dog will behave. Dogs from any breed can be good with children based on their past experiences, training on how to get along with kids, and personality. No matter what the breed or breed type, all dogs have strong jaws, sharp pointy teeth, and may bite in stressful circumstances. Young children and dogs of any breed should always be supervised by an adult and never left alone together, period.
See Dogs Not Kid Friendly
Friendliness toward dogs and friendliness toward humans are two completely different things. Some dogs may attack or try to dominate other dogs even if they're love-bugs with people; others would rather play than fight; and some will turn tail and run. Breed isn't the only factor; dogs who lived with their littermates and mother until at least six to eight weeks of age and who spent lots of time playing with other dogs during puppyhood, are more likely to have good canine social skills.
See Dogs That Are Not Dog Friendly
Friendly Toward Strangers
Stranger-friendly dogs will greet guests with a wagging tail and a nuzzle; others are shy, indifferent, or even aggressive. However, no matter what the breed, a dog who was exposed to lots of different types, ages, sizes, and shapes of people as a puppy will respond better to strangers as an adult.
See Dogs That Are More Shy
Health Grooming
If you're going to share your home with a dog, you'll need to deal with some level of dog hair on your clothes and in your house. However, shedding does vary greatly among the breeds: Some dogs shed year-round, some "blow" seasonally -- produce a snowstorm of loose hair -- some do both, and some shed hardly at all. If you're a neatnik you'll need to either pick a low-shedding breed, or relax your standards.
See Dogs That Shed Very Little
Drooling Potential
Drool-prone dogs may drape ropes of slobber on your arm and leave big, wet spots on your clothes when they come over to say hello. If you've got a laid-back attitude toward slobber, fine; but if you're a neatnik, you may want to choose a dog who rates low in the drool department.
See Dogs That Are Not Big Droolers
Easy To Groom
Some breeds are brush-and-go dogs; others require regular bathing, clipping, and other grooming just to stay clean and healthy. Consider whether you have the time and patience for a dog that needs a lot of grooming, or the money to pay someone else to do it.
See Dogs That Require More Grooming
Due to poor breeding practices, some breeds are prone to certain genetic health problems, such as hip dysplasia. This doesn't mean that every dog of that breed will develop those diseases; it just means that they're at an increased risk. If you're buying a puppy, it's a good idea to find out which genetic illnesses are common to the breed you're interested in, so you can ask the breeder about the physical health of your potential pup's parents and other relatives.
See Dogs More Prone To Health Problems
Potential For Weight Gain
Some breeds have hearty appetites and tend to put on weight easily. As in humans, being overweight can cause health problems in dogs. If you pick a breed that's prone to packing on pounds, you'll need to limit treats, make sure he gets enough exercise, and measure out his daily kibble in regular meals rather than leaving food out all the time.
Dogs come in all sizes, from the world's smallest pooch, the Chihuahua, to the towering Great Dane, how much space a dog takes up is a key factor in deciding if he is compatible with you and your living space. Large dog breeds might seem overpowering and intimidating but some of them are incredibly sweet! Take a look and find the right large dog for you!
See Medium Dogs
See Small Dogs
Trainability
Easy To Train
Easy to train dogs are more adept at forming an association between a prompt (such as the word "sit"), an action (sitting), and a consequence (getting a treat) very quickly. Other dogs need more time, patience, and repetition during training. Many breeds are intelligent but approach training with a "What's in it for me?" attitude, in which case you'll need to use rewards and games to teach them to want to comply with your requests.
See Dogs That Are Challenging To Train
Dogs who were bred for jobs that require decision making, intelligence, and concentration, such as herding livestock, need to exercise their brains, just as dogs who were bred to run all day need to exercise their bodies. If they don't get the mental stimulation they need, they'll make their own work -- usually with projects you won't like, such as digging and chewing. Obedience training and interactive dog toys are good ways to give a dog a brain workout, as are dog sports and careers, such as agility and search and rescue.
See Dogs That Have Low Intelligence
Potential For Mouthiness
Common in most breeds during puppyhood and in retriever breeds at all ages, mouthiness means a tendency to nip, chew, and play-bite (a soft, fairly painless bite that doesn't puncture the skin). Mouthy dogs are more likely to use their mouths to hold or "herd" their human family members, and they need training to learn that it's fine to gnaw on chew toys, but not on people. Mouthy breeds tend to really enjoy a game of fetch, as well as a good chew on a chew toy that's been stuffed with kibble and treats.
(Picture Credit: Haydn West - PA Images/PA Images via Getty Images)
Dogs that were bred to hunt, such as terriers, have an inborn desire to chase and sometimes kill other animals. Anything whizzing by — cats, squirrels, perhaps even cars — can trigger that instinct. Dogs that like to chase need to be leashed or kept in a fenced area when outdoors, and you'll need a high, secure fence in your yard. These breeds generally aren't a good fit for homes with smaller pets that can look like prey, such as cats, hamsters, or small dogs. Breeds that were originally used for bird hunting, on the other hand, generally won't chase, but you'll probably have a hard time getting their attention when there are birds flying by.
See Dogs That Have Low Prey Drive
Tendency To Bark Or Howl
Some breeds sound off more often than others. When choosing a breed, think about how the dog vocalizes — with barks or howls — and how often. If you're considering a hound, would you find their trademark howls musical or maddening? If you're considering a watchdog, will a city full of suspicious "strangers" put him on permanent alert? Will the local wildlife literally drive your dog wild? Do you live in housing with noise restrictions? Do you have neighbors nearby?
See Dogs That Are Mostly Quiet
Wanderlust Potential
Some breeds are more free-spirited than others. Nordic dogs such as Siberian Huskies were bred to range long distances, and given the chance, they'll take off after anything that catches their interest. And many hounds simply must follow their noses, or that bunny that just ran across the path, even if it means leaving you behind.
See Dogs Less Prone To Wander
Exercise Needs
High-energy dogs are always ready and waiting for action. Originally bred to perform a canine job of some sort, such as retrieving game for hunters or herding livestock, they have the stamina to put in a full workday. They need a significant amount of exercise and mental stimulation, and they're more likely to spend time jumping, playing, and investigating any new sights and smells. Low-energy dogs are the canine equivalent of a couch potato, content to doze the day away. When picking a breed, consider your own activity level and lifestyle, and think about whether you'll find a frisky, energetic dog invigorating or annoying.
See Dogs That Have Low Energy
A vigorous dog may or may not be high-energy, but everything he does, he does with vigor: he strains on the leash (until you train him not to), tries to plow through obstacles, and even eats and drinks with great big gulps. These dynamos need lots of training to learn good manners, and may not be the best fit for a home with young kids or someone who's elderly or frail. A low-vigor dog, on the other hand, has a more subdued approach to life.
See Dogs With Low Intensity
Some breeds do fine with a slow evening stroll around the block. Others need daily, vigorous exercise -- especially those that were originally bred for physically demanding jobs, such as herding or hunting. Without enough exercise, these breeds may put on weight and vent their pent-up energy in ways you don't like, such as barking, chewing, and digging. Breeds that need a lot of exercise are good for outdoorsy, active people, or those interested in training their dog to compete in a high-energy dog sport, such as agility.
See Dogs That Don't Need Tons of Exercise
Potential For Playfulness
Some dogs are perpetual puppies -- always begging for a game -- while others are more serious and sedate. Although a playful pup sounds endearing, consider how many games of fetch or tag you want to play each day, and whether you have kids or other dogs who can stand in as playmates for the dog.
See Dogs That Are Less Playfull
Vital Stats:
Dog Breed Group:
1 foot, 7 inches to 1 foot, 10 inches tall at the shoulder
48 to 55 pounds
More About This Breed
Also known as the Appenzeller Mountain Dog, this is the rarest of the four ancient Swiss mountain dog breeds. He got his start as an all-around farm dog — herding livestock, pulling carts, and guarding the farm — in the Appenzell region of Switzerland.
Today the Appenzeller's known for being a versatile working and family dog who's smart, cheerful, self-assured, reliable, and fearless. His slight wariness around strangers and tendency to bark makes him a good watchdog, but he needs lots of early socialization so he doesn't become overly suspicious. And because of his barkiness, he's not the best dog if you have nearby neighbors.
He's a great friend of children, but may nip at their heels as if they were livestock to be herded; younger Appenzellers are big and exuberant enough to accidentally knock over small kids.
Because he's got a strong work ethic and lots of energy, this breed isn't suited to an inactive lifestyle. Provide him with training and a job or dog sport he can do, or he'll be an unhappy camper. Like other breeds that need lots of exercise and stimulation, he can grow bored and destructive if he doesn't get it. He excels at agility, herding, and obedience trials. At home, teach your Appenzeller to pull a cart with your gardening supplies.
Males stand 20 to 22 inches at the shoulder; females,19.5 to 21 inches. Weight ranges from about 48 to 55 pounds.
Coat Color And Grooming
Appenzellers have a thick, shiny topcoat in black or brown with tan and white markings, covering a thick black, brown, or gray undercoat. The tan markings are symmetrical and appear over the eyes and on the cheeks, chest, and legs. The white markings include a blaze on the face, white from the chin to the chest, white on all four feet, and a white tail tip.
They have an easy-care coat that needs only regular brushing to stay in good shape, but Appenzellers do shed.
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MAC's budget priorities for FY20
MAC's budget priorities for FY20 From April through June, the Massachusetts state legislature will be in session voting on a state budget for the 2020 fiscal year. Below are the budget items MAC has identified as critical to support...
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MAC hosts Special Education Circuit Breaker Briefing at State House
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MAC Welcomes Lisa E. Brown as Director of Racial Equity and Access Project (REAP)
MAC Welcomes Lisa E. Brown as Director of Racial Equity and Access Project (REAP) MAC is pleased to welcome Lisa E. Brown as Director of the Racial Equity and Access Project (REAP). The Racial Equity and Access Project began...
District Leadership's Role in Supporting and Creating Trauma Sensitive Schools
This post was published by MAC's Trauma and Learning Policy Initiative, a collaboration with Harvard Law School whose mission is to ensure that children impacted by family violence and other adverse childhood experiences succeed in school. Click here to see the...
MAC's Janine Solomon accepts Boston Bar Association's Award for the Education Law Task Force
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Rep. Scibak Speaks to the Importance of Disability Inclusion in Higher Education
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B-SET for Career Network hosts spring meeting: Disability, race, and the school to prison pipeline
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MAC Statement: Family separations at the U.S./Mexico border
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School » About the School of Dance » Leadership, Faculty, & Staff » Yvonne Gutierrez, Flamenco, Latin Rhythms, Spanish Dance
Yvonne Gutierrez
Flamenco, Latin Rhythms, Spanish Dance
Yvonne Gutierrez is an Afro-Latina of Cuban descent and holds a BS in Computer Science from Pace University. She is a member of the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) and the Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education (NASPA). Ms. Yvonne takes pride in being an artist who sees excellence in teaching as a complex stand which brings out "uniqueness" while taking into account student diversity and individual differences. In addition to being a Ballet Hispanico alumni, Ms Yvonne also began her teaching trajectory in the School of Dance. Years later she has been fortunate to be invited on several occasions to choreograph for La Academia students performing in Ballet Hispanico Annual Gala, Apollo's Performances for Young People, A Calle Block Party, Fox 5 News Hispanic Heritage segment and the United Palace. Ms. Yvonne is an advocate of taking young dancers from the school to Enrichment events and opportunities for the outside classroom experience. Choosing to freelance, Ms. Yvonne is exposed to multiple venues as a dancer, teacher, coach and choreographer. Her teaching history has also taken her to work at Flamenco Latino, the New School, Joffrey Ballet, LaGuardia Performing Arts High School, Purelements, Orange Dance Festival and Educational Alliance. She was on the dance faculty of Henry Street Settlement for over twenty years. There, she was responsible for creating and building a flamenco program which included enlightening collaborations with her students and Flamenco Vivo Carlota Santana. She creatively choreographed Spanish Dance, Salsa and Cha-Cha to the music of Tchaikovsky in an original production of The Nutcracker in the Lower (2002-2011). Although Ms. Yvonne's teaching is based in New York from City University of New York workshops to local community events, she has taught several Spanish Dance/Salsa on 2 master classes in Montreal- Canada, Orlando-Florida, New Orleans-Louisiana, Stamford-Connecticut as well as the tri-state are. Ms. Yvonne has also received recognition from the Lower East Side Community for her years of service (HIV/AIDS Awareness and support festivals) throughout the LES with her youth dancer group Herencia. To her credit are numerous performances under the direction of Luis Montero, AllNations Dance Company, Flamenco Latino Dance Company and a Latin Brazilian Jazz Band called Stringbeans under the direction of Annette Aguilar and the Eddie Torres Dancers. Administratively, she attends Early Childhood conferences, webinars and trainings adding to her insight on high quality early care, education. She is always working on enhancing her approach to teaching, focusing on the complete student with specific attention to their individual uniqueness. Making every effort to learn about the new initiatives that will benefit and mold our future leaders.
Questions?/¿Preguntas?
Contact the School of Dance Office at school@ballethispanico.org
Yvonne Gutierrez, Flamenco, Latin Rhythms, Spanish Dance


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blog home » Responsive Design » How Do Responsive Websites Help with SEO?
How Do Responsive Websites Help with SEO?
Responsive websites will rank higher than those that are not. It's a trend that began in 2014, and will continue into the foreseeable future. Google, Bing, Yahoo and foreign search engines are all beginning to place more importance on websites that adapt to the user's device, be it a tablet, desktop, smartphone or other mobile device.
In April of 2015 Google announced that their algorithms would give preference to websites that were mobile-friendly as opposed to those that were just desktop-friendly. This new release did not take into account Responsiveness, and gave extra weight to Mobile-sites and mobile-friendly sites. Google's intention is to provide users with the best online experience, and since they know the majority of internet users are now surfing with their smartphones, they will give priority to mobile-friendly websites.
In October of 2016, Google announced a new algorithm that took it a step further. They switched to mobile-first indexing. This means that desktop indexing is no longer their primary focus, and they now give priority to mobile websites. Essentially, a website that only looks good on Desktop is going to drop in the rankings. This is a gigantic change in the Google algorithms, that will reverberate to nearly every website owner quickly and dramatically. You may have a beautiful website on a desktop, but if it doesn't work properly on a smartphone then you will lose customers as well as your organic search results. Again, this is still taking into account mobile-sites and mobile-friendly sites, but the switch to Responsive websites is clearly right around the corner.
We live in a mobile-world and most people now surf the web using their mobile devices. A Responsive website will serve users with a website that adapts to their screen and device, without losing any functionality or content. They will also receive a more pleasant user-experience as opposed to simple mobile-friendly sites that just adjust in size to a screen and don't adapt in functionality. Google wants user's to experience the best websites, so they will give preference to those sites that are Responsive.
Mobile-sites, which are secondary website with their own domain name and duplicate content of the desktop site, will currently still rank decently in this new Google release, but probably not in the future. Mobile-sites have their own domain name (such as m.domain.com), so they compete with their desktop sister sites. Google sees this, and will soon give preference to single domains that meet the needs of a user, no matter what device they use. This means a website should be responsive, and put all their content and images on one site to maximize their exposure to search engines.
At 855-Webmaster we specialize in creating websites that are not just mobile-friendly, they are responsive. We use integrated SEO techniques as well as progressive-enhancement so our websites not only look great, they rank well. We also utilize forward compatibility, so the site will be responsive to the smartphones of today as well as tomorrow.
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Many individuals are fascinated by the thought of proudly owning a pet canine. They're charming, clever animals, and most of the appeals to be a "particular" animal that aren't many individuals. Whereas foxes can supply respectable leisure functions to somebody who has the time and assets to maintain them, lots of people make a mistake shopping for a pet canine pondering that it is going to be like a canine.
Canine are born with a really robust packet mentality. The canine feels just like the alpha and is firmly sure to obey the chief. They reside to please you. The fox, nonetheless, lives as you want. Whereas they're very clever, the fox's most vital motivation is aside from the canine. The canine desires to like and comfortable, the fox desires her hand.
The foxes are very robust smells. So long as a canine can bathe for a number of weeks to develop an enormous stench, the foxes will scent 24/7. This robust, robust muscle will be diminished by one thing that the fox is spat, however it doesn't finish it indefinitely.
Many individuals think about the fox is an superior pet pet that she will present to her pals and neighbors. Sadly actuality is nearly at all times removed from him. Whereas foxes are sometimes very near their household and are affectionate, guests and aliens are nonetheless ashamed.
5. Foxes are extra acquainted with homes than essentially the most particular canines. They'll leap within the air with six ft, climb up the slits, and climb the other way up to hold a brief chain on a series hyperlink. Any cupboard that's meant to protect foxes mustn't solely be massive, but in addition unimaginable to increase and full a roof.
Many individuals take a fox within the flawed impression that it may be saved as an indoor pet and saved operating the home free, so long as you might be away from work. Nothing will be farther from the reality, particularly for bigger species than pink foxes. They may steal and conceal one thing that's sufficiently small to hold them and simply take as a lot as they'll. It's nearly unimaginable to interrupt one of the best fox of such behaviors. You possibly can train the canine to not chew issues, fox can solely be taught if he doesn't chew issues whereas watching . Whereas a fox is free in the home, it requires fixed supervision. In abstract, foxes can create beautiful pets for individuals who are keen to maintain them. If you're all for a pet fox, open your eyes large open, do your analysis, and perceive that fox care isn't like caring for a canine.


Let us seduce you with tales of the High Kings on the Hill of Tara, bring to life the ancient warriors and druids in the ritual space of Teltown where the pre-Olympic Games of Ireland took place. Visit one of Ireland's longest inhabited towns, the Heritage Town of Kells, and soak in the atmosphere that inspired its monks to produce the precious illuminated Book of Kells, touch the stones of its 9th century sentinel High Crosses and its Round Tower that protected the Book of Kells for over 800 years.
As we wend our way through the towns and villages of this lush and green landscape, along the banks of the River Boyne, let your imagination free as we drive up to Slieve na Calliagh, the Hill of the Witch at Loughcrew, visiting Neolithic tombs almost 5,800 years old, then drive past the Hill of Tlachtga, where Halloween began. Stand on the battlements of Ireland's largest Anglo-Norman castle at Trim, and filming location for "Braveheart", and picture yourself as a Norman warrior in the 13th century.
During the day we will refresh ourselves with local fresh produce and tasty specialties in some of the most the most atmospheric and welcoming eateries in the Boyne Valley.
Standalone walking tours of Kells also available!


Origin French, literally 'varnishing,' originally referring to the day prior to an exhibition when artists were allowed to retouch and varnish hung work.
-To protect the underlying painting from damage, dust and dirt.
-To uniform the surface and give an even optical reflection.
-All varnishes should be removable.
-The varnish should be flexible enough to move with the support.
-Varnishes should provide a non-tacky surface so as to resist imbibing dirt.
-Wether Gloss, Semi-Gloss or Matte the finish should be even, enhance the artwork and provide resistance to discolouration caused by heat and humidity.
Retouch Varnish- the only varnish that can be applied to oil paintings younger than 6 months. We know you want to use other varnishes before the painting is dry but really, control yourself or risk having cracks in the surface.
Damar Varnish – the most traditional natural varnish still in use. It takes about 50 years for this varnish to turn yellowish brown. It is removable so you don't have to freak out.
Gloss Varnish – super shiny and lustrous. Hard to walk past as a superior finish to most paintings.
Satin Varnish– somewhere between matte and shiny, Satin Varnish is world wide the most popular finish to artworks.
Wax Varnish – with a wax finish this varnish is to be applied with a lint free cloth. The Matte look can be softly buffed to subtle sheen.
Take your time. Move away from the dusty areas of your house or studio, those squiggly floating pieces of fluff will and can attach themselves to your freshly varnished masterpiece. For liquid varnishes estimate how much varnish you will need and pour into a flat-bottomed container to avoid spillage.
Use a soft, wide, flat brush dedicated to the task.
Put only the tip of the brush in the varnish so as not to overload it and flood the painting.
Work your way across the middle of the painting and then oppose you next stroke at a 90 degree angle to the first. Work your way to the outer edges. Leave the painting to set for 10 minutes before moving.


Allswell Luxe Classic Memory Foam and Sunrising Bed belong to the same product category. These beds are flippable. These two mattresses can easily fit on adjustable bed bases. US residents can enjoy hassle-free shipping on both beds.


text:
Critical Condition Investigation
Castlegar Rebels
Castlegar Vacation Guide 2017
Route 3 Summer
Ski touring operators are changing how they plan to operate due to the pandemic. Photo: Curtis Cunningham photo
With winter looming, West Kootenay ski tour operators say they've adapted
COVID-19 has meant businesses are changing how the upcoming season will run
John Boivin
Local Journalism Initiative Reporter
On Aug. 5, a bus pulled up to a helipad at Parson, B.C., southeast of Golden. A group of about 30 individuals, all wearing masks, were decked out in ski gear, complete with helmets, gloves and boots – under the blazing sun, in 27C weather.
Crazy? Not really. The group was made up of employees of Canadian Mountain Holidays, the heli-ski tour operator. And this was a dry run to see how safe the company could operate in the COVID-19 world.
"2021 looks very different for sure. CMH is very much a social program, and we're going to have to change the way we interact with one another," says Suzanne Belke, CMH's director of hospitality, in a video promoting the company's operations this winter. "So the physical distancing is the biggest change in the program."
The company says the exercise helped refine every aspect of its operation. Each 'guest' underwent a thorough questionnaire about their health. They wore masks in the bus, the flight up the mountain, and in the lodge; they sanitized their hands, ensured equipment handling didn't spread the virus, and remained separated from each other by the now-familiar two-metre rule.
As far as CMH is concerned, the two-day simulation of travelling from bus to mountain, handling ski gear, and lodge living was a success, and a green light for the months to come.
"At present we are planning for a 'normal' season, interviewing and preparing accordingly," says Salina Reimer, a spokesperson for CMH.
For Nakusp and area, that's good news. The CMH-owned lodge there is a major year-round employer.
Several winter tourism operators in the West Kootenay contacted by the Valley Voice say they've prepared for, and are cautiously optimistic, that they can have a successful 2020-21 season.
Booking bingo
But not everyone is forecasting a solid season for their business. Some winter tour operators say they were hit hard by the pandemic.
"We're looking at an 80 per cent decrease in business," said Kaslo-based Stellar Heliskiing owner Jason Remple. "Only Canadian guests will be able to reach us."
Stellar usually employs two helicopters and 35 staff in the winter. That's not going to happen this year.
"We book small groups of four and will have annual visits up to 1,400 guests," says Remple. "Things are scaled way back."
It's the nature of the business – catering to mostly American skiers – that has proven to be the industry's Achilles' heel.
Just south of Nakusp, Valkyr Adventures operates three lodges in the Valkyr mountain range.
"We were fully booked at the three lodges for 2021," says Shelley Glasheen, co-owner and Valkyr's office manager. "Probably close to half our groups were from the US."
When the national shutdown was taking effect, Valkyr suspended operations, losing about six weeks of spring-skiing revenue.
Those U.S. tourists – and tour operators – have been left in limbo with the border closure to non-essential traffic.
"And their replacement trips aren't likely going to happen this year, either," Glasheen says. "It's really tough on them."
Like CMH, Glasheen says Valkyr and other companies got their protocols in order, and sent out information packages to people who had booked trips. "Just to see who was staying, who was not coming," she says, noting they changed their deposit and refund timeline to give wary customers some confidence. "We had an adjusted cancellation policy, staggered dates."
Guests were offered either to keep their booking, to transfer their deposit to another season, or have a refund. Giving clients the chance to assess their own risk tolerance has allowed them to rebook their lodges, she says.
"We do have holes, but we have refilled," she says.
While all the lodges have gone through similar exercises to CMH, Glasheen notes that meeting public health measures can be a challenge at high-elevation ski-touring lodges.
To meet new COVID-compliant regulations, Valkyr has spent tens of thousands of dollars this summer to add running water and a bathroom to one of their more basic lodges.
"It just provides the ability for people to have a higher degree of hygiene," she says. "And we really appreciate the grants that have been made available by the federal government that enable us to do these things, they are super helpful.
"We have a plan that we can still operate and conform to the provincial health guidelines, and to our association protocols. We're doing the best we can."
A different approach
The Ice Creek Lodge, a backcountry ski and snowboard operation in Valhalla Park, has decided to tackle the border issue a different way. They had fully booked this coming winter back in December of 2019 – but 95 per cent of their groups were from the U.S.
They could see the writing on the wall, and with delays developing a vaccine, ongoing travel restrictions, and rising infection rates, they decided several months ago to change their strategy by going back to their roots.
"We will be running 'hyper-local' Kootenay groups this winter to keep the place dug out and warm, as well as keep our team involved," says Courtney Hulbert, Ice Creek's co-owner. "We've decided to keep this winter simple and tentatively schedule a modified season, limiting the use of airports.
"This helps to ensure the financial well-being of our business, and more importantly the health and safety of our groups, team, family and community. These actions align our business with government recommendations as well as our risk-management process and resiliency plan."
The lodge caters to about 150 people a year, and employs 10-to-15 people in a normal year. This year is not normal, of course, and Hulbert says they won't be able to provide any steady employment to staff this winter.
Despite the challenges facing their industry, operators say they're feeling good about the upcoming season in the West Kootenay. "We are optimistic," says Hulbert. "We are going to come out of the 2021 winter season on top. We have our resiliency plan in place and we are on track to a great future."
This isn't the year to try and pull a season off. It is the time to step back, regroup, and plan for the future.
"Oh yeah, we'll figure it out," adds Valkyr's Galsheen. "Everybody is just trying to adjust, but everyone is kind of struggling … to make a go of it."
Even Stellar Heliskiing, facing such a dramatic decrease in their business this year, says it will weather the storm.
"We will be here and ready," says Remple. "If it becomes safe to have guests from other places we will be ready. We are doing a lot of booking for 2022 as well."
• Baldface Lodge to suspend operations for upcoming season
• Panting, spewing droplets, poor ventilation: What makes gyms a superspreading risk
– Valley Voice
CoronavirusSkiing and Snowboarding
Salmon tracking tool expanded to southern B.C.
UPDATED: Indigenous legal organization created to help band members keep councils accountable
Castlegar man facing theft and fraud charges
Charges related to thefts from unlocked vehicles
Castlegar council temporarily fills vacancies left by departing mayor
Councillor Dan Rye will serve as the acting mayor until the byelection
No new COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Castlegar for Jan. 3-9
The BCDCD has begun to report more localized COVID-19 numbers in recent weeks
Audit finds shortcomings in ministry's management of forest service roads
Ministry accepts recommendations
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If you are looking for the industry experts in Roof Installation and Roof Repair, then CRRC Pty Ltd is the logical answer. We have been providing Roofing services for two decades, and plan to continue offering the excellent support and products we've been offering long into the future.
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American Motors manufactured most of its own mechanical parts, including rear axle assemblies. The model 20 rear end is a straight axle with enclosed axle shaft tubes that is suspended from the vehicle with leaf springs. The model 20 was used in several Jeep models, such as the 76-86 CJ, Wagoneer and Cherokee, as well as some AMC models, such as the Eagle four-wheel-drive car. It may be beneficial to know how to identify the differential case of the AMC model 20 when obtaining a replacement or when ordering repair parts.
Slide under the rear of the vehicle.
Observe the rear cover of the differential case from the rear of the vehicle looking forward. The cover on an AMC model 20 is round -- some enthusiasts indicate that the cover resembles a helmet used by World War I soldiers. Note that if the rear cover on your differential case appears flat on one side, if may have been manufactured by Dana or by the Chrysler Corporation, which purchased AMC in the late 1980s.
Count the number of bolts that secure the cover to the differential case -- there should be 12 bolts on an AMC model 20.
Measure the width of the rear end from the inside edges of the wheels with a measuring tape.
Know that the narrow-track model 20 axle assembly used in 1976 through 1981 Jeeps should be 50.5 inches wide.
Know that the wide-track axle assembly used in 1982 through 1986 Jeeps should be 54.4 inches wide. The difference in width is in the axle tubes of the differential case, which houses the axle shafts.
Locate the single or double letter -- indicating the axle ratio -- stamped into the rear of the housing to the right of the differential cover.
Determine if your model 20 differential is a narrow-track or a wide-track, as the same code can have different meanings on each variation.
Consult a shop manual for your particular Jeep or AMC vehicle to determine what the code indicates on your rear end, as the multiple variations available preclude listing all the codes here.
Aftermarket one-piece axle shafts can be used to replace the factory two-piece units, eliminating the worry of the key shearing off as in the original design. The old two-piece units can also be replaced with a heavy-duty full-floating rear end -- such as used in large trucks -- at considerably more cost than switching to one-piece axle shafts.
When used gently in an American Motors passenger car, the model 20 rear end may give many years of trouble-free service. If your Jeep has a model 20 rear end, you may be in for costly repairs if you use your vehicle for extreme rock climbing or jumps. The axle shafts often lead to many failures in these rear ends. While many rear ends have one-piece axle shafts, American Motors used a two-piece design in the model 20. This may have been done to save tooling costs when manufacturing different lengths of axles shafts for different applications. The flange -- the piece the wheel bolts to -- is a separate part from the shaft. A keyway keeps the flange from turning on the shaft. The key may shear off during hard use and cause the shaft to spin within the flange, which will get you nowhere.


text:
France France Telecom Trial Suicide
France Telecom on trial over staff suicides
Former France Télécom CEO Didier Lombard (left) with his replacement, Stéphane Richard, 18 January 2010. Reuters/Charles Platiau
The French telecommunications giant went on trial to face charges of "moral harassment" on Monday, over a wave of suicides in which 35 employees took their own lives in 2008 and 2009.
The trial, which opened at the Paris criminal court after midday on Monday, will look at whether the deaths were linked to a major restructuring overhaul as the company, now known as Orange, changed from public to private ownership.
It comes nearly seven years after former CEO Didier Lombard and the company first faced historic charges of workplace harassment, a first for a blue chip company in France's CAC-40 index.
Two former senior executives are also facing harassment charges and other former staff members are facing charges of complicity.
Businesses, unions and workforce analysts are expected to closely watch the trial, which is expected to last two months and which could end in a conviction for institutional psychological harassment.
Despite having some of the world's strongest labour laws, France has seen increasing concern over workplace depression, long-term illness, burnout and suicide in recent years.
Suicides came at time of restructuring
France Telecom underwent major restructuring after it was privatised in 2004, including a plan to cut 22,000 jobs out of its then 120,000-strong workforce.
Prosecutors say the company, including Lombard, introduced a policy of unsettling employees in order to induce them to quit as part of the restructuring plans.
Investigators accuse the former CEO of implementing "a corporate policy aimed at undermining the employees by creating a professional climate which provoked anxiety" in a summary of charges seen by AFP agency.
The investigation outlined haphazard restructures, forcing people to move around geographically and repeatedly pushing incentives for them to resign.
The wave of suicides included that of a 51-year-old technical from Marseille who left a suicide note accusing bosses of "management by terror" before killing herself in July 2008 and that of a 32-year-old woman who jumped out of the window of her Paris office before horrified colleagues two months later.
Lombard resigned over the deaths in March 2010.
Former CEO spoke of 'suicide fad'
Unions and management accept that 35 France Telecom employees took their own lives between 2008 and 2009 and that Lombard stepped down as a result of the deaths.
Lombard, who ran the company between 2005 and 2010, recognised he had committed "an enormous gaffe" when he spoke of a "suicide fad" at the company.
The former chief executive also vowed to senior executives in 2006 that he would "get people to leave one way or another, either through the window or the door".
Also on trial are Lombard's former number two Louis-Pierre Wenes, human resources director Olivier Barberot and another four facing charges of complicity.
If convicted, they could face a year behind bars and a 15,000-euro fine.
The company itself could face a 75,000-euro fine if found guilty of "moral harassment", which is defined as "frequently repeated acts whose aim or effect is the degradation of working conditions".
Sebastian Crozier, head of the CFE-CGC union representing workers at Orange, said the trial was about the use of "social violence as a method of management".
(with wires)
France Telecom executives may be tried …
France Télécom former bosses in …
Bouygues, Orange shares rise on …
French press review 8 July 2016


The Global Environment Facility is an international partnership of 183 countries, international institutions, civil society organizations and the private sector that addresses global environmental issues.
The Global Environment Facility (GEF) was established on the eve of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit to help tackle our planet's most pressing environmental problems. Since then, the GEF has provided over $17 billion in grants and mobilized an additional $88 billion in financing for more than 4000 projects in 170 countries.


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Intra-site organisation and economy of urban sites in neopalatial Crete: the case study of the settlement of Kato Zakros: an approach on the basis of the archaeological data (in Greek)
Alexandra Salichou University of Athens 2012
Description: 1 volume, 399 p., 9 tables, 99 figures (68 in colour), 4 charts
Supervisor: Lefteris Platon
Examiners: L.Platon, E. Mantzourani, I. Papadatos, P. Polychronakou-Sgouritsa, I. Karali-Giannakopoulou, G. Kourtessi-Filippaki, G. Vavouranakis
The purpose of this thesis is to identify the basic principles of structure and organisation in the new palatial settlement of Kato Zakros and, through this, to study the intra-organisation of urban sites in Late Minoan I Crete. The main objective of this work, initially, was both the synthetic and full presentation of the excavation data from the settlement of Kato Zakros, secondly, the detection of the basic planning principles, as well as the principles of structure and organisation of each individual architectural unit. A further aim was to extract some basic conclusions about the 'zakrian household', notably in history and composition, but also the incorporation of the town form in the urban new palatial environment, as it is known today mainly from the archaeological data of eastern Crete. The methodology used in this approach was borrowed either from specific fields of archaeology (for example, 'distribution maps' were used) or from other anthropological or exact sciences (for example, spatial analysis methods were applied). A residential model is proposed for Kato Zakros, according to which this palatial settlement seems to endorses the basic principles applied to other new palatial sites. Any peculiarity found in the urban planning of Kato Zakros can be explained both by the limited available space and from the integration of the palatial building in an already existing urban environment, in close proximity and relationship with the settlement. The special relations identified between Zakros and Knossos are discussed separately, as well as the potential political-economic control and / or ideological influence exercised by Knossos on the others new palatial centers. In conclusion, some of the already formulated, scientific views on the social, economic, political, and historical development of East Crete are considered here, to show that the reaction of Kato Zakros to the new and special social and economic conditions of the end of the Late Minoan IB phase connote the existence of a systematic organisation and planning, the source of which must have been a strong central authority and an organised power system, which seems to have managed to maintain control until the final destruction of the site.
Read the PhD online
The Final Neolithic-Early Bronze Age transition in Phaistos, Crete: an investigation of continuity and change in ceramic manufacture
Handmade pottery of Bronze and Early Iron Age chronology in central Epirus. Aspects of chronology, production and consumption
La voirie dans les villes minoennes en Crète orientale et à Cnossos (Minoen Moyen I – Minoen Récent I)
Mυκηναϊκή Κορινθία (Μycenaean Corinthia)
Defining the regional characteristics of Final Neolithic and Early Bronze Age pottery in Attica
© Aegeus — Society for Aegean Prehistory 2017


text:
Q: Pythonic: Find all consecutive sub-sequences of certain length I have a list of integers and I want to find all consecutive sub-sequences of length n in this list. For example:
>>> int_list = [1,4,6,7,8,9]
>>> conseq_sequences(int_list, length=3)
[[6,7,8], [7,8,9]]

The best I could come up with is:
def conseq_sequences(self, li, length):
    return [li[n:n+length]
            for n in xrange(len(li)-length+1)
            if li[n:n+length] == range(li[n], li[n]+length)]

This isn't overly readable. Is there any readable pythonic way of doing this?

A: Here's a more general solution that works for arbitrary input iterables (not just sequences):
from itertools import groupby, islice, tee
from operator import itemgetter

def consecutive_subseq(iterable, length):
    for _, consec_run in groupby(enumerate(iterable), lambda x: x[0] - x[1]):
        k_wise = tee(map(itemgetter(1), consec_run), length)
        for n, it in enumerate(k_wise):
            next(islice(it, n, n), None) # consume n items from it
        yield from zip(*k_wise)

*

*itertools.groupby finds consecutive substrings such as 6, 7, 8, 9 in the input. It is based on the example from the docs that shows how to find runs of consecutive numbers:

The key to the solution is differencing with a range generated by
  enumerate() so that consecutive integers all appear in same group
  (run).

*itertools.tee + zip allow to iterate over the substring k-wise -- a generalization of pairwise recipe from the itertools docs.

*next(islice(iterator, n, n), None) is from the consume recipe there.
Example:
print(*consecutive_subseq([1,4,6,7,8,9], 3))
# -> (6, 7, 8) (7, 8, 9)

The code uses Python 3 syntax that could be adapted for Python 2 if needed.
See also, What is the most pythonic way to sort dates sequences?

A: One solution could be as follows:
import numpy # used diff function from numpy, but if not present, than some lambda or other helper function could be used.

def conseq_sequences(li, length):
    return [int_list[i:i+length] for i in range(0, len(int_list)) if sum(numpy.diff(int_list[i:i+length]))==length-1]

Basically, first, I get consecutive sub-lists of given length from the list, and then check if the sum of the differences of their elements is equal to length - 1.
Please not that if elements are consecutive, their difference will add up to length - 1, e.g. for sub-list [5,6,7] the difference of its elements is [1, 1] and sum of it is 2.
But to be honest not sure if this solution is clearer or more pythonic than yours.
Just in case you don't have numpy, the diff function can be easly defined as follows:
def diff(l):
  '''For example, when l=[1,2,3] than return is [1,1]'''
  return [x - l[i - 1] for i, x in enumerate(l)][1:]

A: Using operator.itemgetter  and itertools.groupby
 def conseq_sequences(li, length):
    res = zip(*(li[i:] for i in xrange(length)))
    final = []
    for x in res:
        for k, g in groupby(enumerate(x), lambda (i, x): i - x):
            get_map = map(itemgetter(1), g)
            if len(get_map) == length:
                final.append(get_map)
    return final

Without imports.
def conseq_sequences(li, length):
    res = zip(*(li[i:] for i in xrange(length)))
    final = []
    for ele in res:
        if all(x == y+1 for x, y in zip(ele[1:], ele)):
            final.append(ele)
    return final

Which can be turned into list comprehension:
def conseq_sequences(li, length):
    res = zip(*(li[i:] for i in xrange(length)))
    return [ ele for ele in res if all(x == y+1 for x, y in zip(ele[1:], ele))]

A:  def condition (tup):
    if tup[0] + 1 == tup[1] and tup[1] + 1 == tup[2] :
        return True
    return False

 def conseq_sequence(li):
   return [x for x in map(None, iter(li), iter(li[1:]), iter(li[2:])) if condition(x)]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Farming and its Crisis , Environment • May 2, 2018
The storm brewing in India's cotton fields
Bt-cotton occupies 90 per cent of the land under cotton in India – and the pests that this GM variety was meant to safeguard against, are back, virulently and now pesticide-resistant – destroying crops and farmers
Jaideep Hardikar
Wardha , Maharashtra
The black scars dotting the green bolls of a wilting cotton plant on Ganesh Wadandre's farm carried a message for scientists working on the 'white gold': go find a new antidote.
"Those are the entry points," said Wadandre, a five-acre farmer who is well regarded in Amgaon (Kh) village of Wardha district. The worm, he added, must have drilled into the boll from these points.
"If we crack it open, you'll see a pink-worm devouring it from within," he said, exuding nervousness and anger. As he cracked open the boll, a pink-coloured worm, less than a centimetre long, woke up twirling, as if to say 'hi'. It had devoured the boll before the cotton's white lint could form, leaving it worthless.
"A worm," Wadandre, 42, said when I first met him in November 2017, "lays thousands of eggs and multiplies into millions of worms within days."
Because the worm is inside the bolls, farmers cannot know of the hidden damage until the bolls burst. This can bring sudden shocks during the harvest and at the market yards, when the bollworm-damaged cotton fetches a much lower price.
Wadandre's account spoke for cotton growers across Maharashtra, but especially in western Vidarbha's cotton belt, through the winter of 2017-18, at the peak of the crop's harvest. In this region, cotton is usually planted between July and August, and harvested from October to March.
Many hectares of cotton fields were devastated by swarming armies of the pink-worm. They caused damage not seen in 30 years. The fields around Wadandre's farm bore the tell-tale signs of the pink-worm attack: black bolls, wilting and scarred, sprouting into dry blackened lint of poor quality and little worth.
It was this pest that drove the profuse and lethal use of pesticides from July to November 2017 across Maharashtra by farmers desperate to save their cotton crop, though they knew it would not decimate the pink-worm. (See Lethal pests, deadly sprays )
"No pesticide is useful for this," Wadandre said. "It is that lethal. What's the use of Bt-cotton now?"
PHOTO • Jaideep Hardikar
Ganesh Wadandre of Amgaon (Kh) examines pest-infested bolls on his farm: 'No pesticide is useful for this. It is that lethal. What's the use of Bt-cotton now?'
On an acre of his cotton field, irrigated from dug-well water, Wadandre could harvest 15 quintals of cotton on an average – this time, his yield was down to five quintals. Wadandre estimates he lost at least Rs. 50,000 per acre – for him, a staggering amount.
On rain-fed farms in the village, which do not have well irrigation, farmers could not harvest even three quintals of cotton this season. The state government has announced some compensation – around Rs. 10,000 a hectare for a maximum of two hectares. If Wadandre qualifies, he might get a bit of relief.
Estimates based on surveys of crops done by gram talathis and krishi sevaks (of the state revenue and agriculture departments) around November and then again in February-March indicate that the pink-worm infestation affected over 80 per cent of the 42 lakh hectares under cotton in the state. Each farmer reportedly lost 33 per cent to over 50 per cent of standing crop.
In January 2018, Maharashtra's Department of Agriculture predicted a dip in cotton production and bales by 40 per cent, implicitly admitting to the large-scale pest-driven destruction. The state produces, annually, an average of 90 lakh bales of cotton (with 172 kilos of lint per bale). A quintal of cotton contains 34 kilos of lint, 65 kilos of cotton-seed (used for extracting oil, as well as de-oiled cake for cattle-feed) and a percentage of dirt or waste. In March 2018, one quintal of cotton was fetching Rs. 4,800-5,000 in Vidarbha's markets.
India has about 130 lakh hectares under cotton in 2017-18, and reports from the states indicate that the pink-worm menace has been widespread in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Telangana. Gujarat, which was tormented by this worm two years ago, has partially addressed the problem by planting early-varieties of cotton so that the bulk of the crop is harvested before winter sets in, when the worm multiplies.
The Ministry of Agriculture of the government of India acknowledges the problem, but has rejected the demand from Maharashtra and other states to de-notify Bt-cotton – a move that will change its status to regular cotton since Bt's efficacy has gone. (This in turn would impact seed prices, and seed companies' royalties and profits, and will be covered in another story on PARI.) Instead, in July 2017, the Centre asked all the cotton-producing states to deal with the menace on their own "by involving various stakeholders."
The return of the pink-worm
The return of the pink-worm first set alarm bells ringing in 2015. That year, the Indian cotton research establishment was deeply worried about the "breakdown" of the genetically modified (GM) Bt-cotton technology. Reports had come in from the field of the return of the pink bollworm on crops in all major cotton-growing states, including Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Though the pink pest had first showed up sporadically on Bt-cotton in 2010, in November 2015 farmers in Gujarat reported a massive bollworm infestation on their cotton crop. The inch-long worm, chewing the boll from inside, looked in the pink of health, signalling the breakdown of this potent and expensive GM cotton – that was meant to combat infestation by that very worm.
In the last week of November 2015, a farmer in Gujarat's Bhavnagar district plucked a few cotton bolls from a plant on her field and cracked them open for a team of visiting cotton experts to see what lay inside. "She was very angry," recalled Dr. Keshav Kranthi, the principle scientist who led that team, when I interviewed him in February 2016. Dr. Kranthi was then the director of the country's apex Central Institute of Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, and is currently the director (technical) at the Washington-based International Cotton Advisory Committee.
The farmer's anger was triggered by her imminent losses: the small but menacing pest had eaten into her cotton yield as well as its quality. But the scientists, aghast to see that the pink coloured worms had devoured the green cotton bolls from inside, were worried for reasons beyond that.
The virulent return of the bollworm sparked lethal spraying of pesticides last year. Right: the worm leaves tell-tale destructive scars on the cotton bolls
Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) , popularly known as the pink bollworm, had made a comeback in India after three decades – and with a vengeance. It was feasting on bollguard-II Bt-cotton bolls, the all-powerful second-generation GM cotton hybrids that were meant to build resistance to the worm. It was also a hint, as Kranthi had feared, that the American bollworm (so named because of its antecedents) might also eventually return (though so far, it hasn't).
The pink-worm (presumed by the CICR and cotton researchers to be of India-Pakistan origin), and American bollworms were among the most lethal pests that troubled India's cotton farmers in the 1970s and 1980s. By the 1990s, because of these pests, new pesticides were introduced for high yielding hybrid seeds. In the late 1990s, when Bt-cotton was introduced in India – with the Bt gene in hybrid seeds – it was supposed to be an answer to both types of pests.
But by the 2015-16 season, acres and acres of cotton crop were again affected by the pink bollworm, reducing yields at the time by an estimated 7-8 per cent, the CICR's field studies showed.
The pink bollworm's larva feeds only on a few crops such as cotton, okra, hibiscus and jute. It lays eggs on flowers, young bolls, axils, petioles and the undersides of young leaves. The young larvae penetrate the ovaries of flowers or young bolls within two days of hatching. The larvae turn pink in 3-4 days and their shade depends on the food they eat – dark pink results from eating maturing seeds. The affected bolls either open prematurely or they rot. Fibre qualities such as length and strength are lowered. The cotton lint in the infested bolls can get a secondary fungal infection too.
The pest spreads from the seed cotton carried to market yards. The pink bollworm generally arrives with the onset of winter and continues to survive on the crop as long as flowers and bolls are available. Long duration cotton allows the pest to thrive for a longer period in multiple cycles, thereby also affecting the subsequent crop. In the absence of a host crop, this pest is genetically conditioned to hibernate or diapause; this allows it to be dormant for 6-8 months, until the next season.
Anxiety and no alternatives
By May 2016, following CICR reports that bollworms are back in the saddle, the anxiety was evident at two high-level meetings in New Delhi of the Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) and the Indian Council of Scientific Research (ICSR), the country's main agriculture and science research institutions. Officials discussed if any public sector projects on GM crops were likely to provide alternatives anytime soon.
"There's no doubt that the bollworms are back," Dr. Kranthi said in an article in 2016 in Cotton Statistics and News , a publication of the Cotton Association of India. "How best we can sustain the bollworm control efficacy of Bt-cotton until 2020 is a major concern," he wrote.
No other new GM cotton technology – by either the Indian public sector or the private sector – is due for commercial approval after trials until 2020. The public sector so far has no presence in the GM seeds markets, though some of the agriculture institutions are working on GM research on various crops, including maize, soyabeans, brinjal and paddy.
In the ICAR-ICSR meetings, scientists pondered over the options to control the bollworms. "The best long-term strategy for India is to grow short-duration Bt-cotton hybrids or varieties that don't last beyond January," Kranthi had told this reporter in 2016. That would negate bollworms, because they attack the cotton mainly in winter. But most Indian seed companies produce Bt-hybrids that perform better in the long-duration.
And that year, the intensity of the assault on the crop was less than it has been in 2017-18.
Wilting cotton plants and frayed bolls during the harvest in the winter of 2017-18, when Wadandre expected a bumper yield but ran into the pink-worm
Bt-cotton breaks down
"The much-touted technology [Bt-cotton or BG-I and its second generation BG-II] has broken down," Kranthi told me in 2016. "It means farmers would now have to adjust to less-potent BG-I and BG-II technologies [in GM seeds] and go back to using insecticides to control bollworms, other than containing a set of other pests."
Bt-cotton gets its name from bacillus thuringiensis , a soil-dwelling bacterium. The Bt seed contains cry (crystal) genes derived from the bacterium and inserted into the cotton plant genome (the genetic material of the cell) to provide protection against the bollworm.
Bt-cotton was meant to control the bollworm. But farmers will now find the worms surviving in Bt-cotton fields, Kranthi wrote in a series of essays in industry magazines and on his own CICR blog. Neither the ICAR nor the Union Agriculture Ministry seemed alert to the potential devastation at the time. The state and central government have since been aware of the extent of pink-worm devastation, but have not come up with a solution.
The American seed biotech multinational Monsanto has a virtual monopoly over India's Bt-cotton seed market. The Indian government approved the release and sale of Bt-cotton in 2002-03. Monsanto, the technology provider, 'transferred the technology' to Indian seed companies at about 20 per cent royalty on every seed bag sold. The ostensible aims were to reduce the use of pesticides and increase the productivity of cotton – GM technology was promoted as a panacea for both purposes.
In the first year, a 400 grams bag of Bt-cotton hybrid seeds cost Rs. 1,800. Subsequently, the central and state governments stepped in to control the royalty or trait price and thereby the price of Bt-cotton seeds. Still, in the early years, while the cost of Bt-cotton seeds became roughly Rs. 1,000 for a 400 grams bag, Monsanto's royalty remained 20 per cent of the retail price, according to seed market observers. The Indian Bt-cotton seed market, Dr. Kranthi wrote in 2016, is estimated to be worth Rs. 4,800 crores.
The global business of Bt-cotton is spread on 226 lakh hectares, of which only 160 lakh hectares is open to private technology providers. In 2014-15, Bt-cotton in India occupied 115 lakh hectares. In 2006-7, Monsanto released BG-II hybrids, saying the new technology was more potent, more durable. These slowly replaced BG-I. And by now, BG-II hybrids occupy over 90 per cent of the around 130 lakh hectares under cotton in the country, according to government estimates.
The bollguard BG-II technology, which involves introducing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab genes from the bacillus thuringiensis into cotton plants, is claimed to build resistance against three pests: American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), pink bollworm and spotted bollworm (Earias vittella). The first generation hybrids, or Bt-cotton, contained only one Cry1Ac gene in the seeds.
All along, Dr. Kranthi wrote in another essay, there has been no roadmap for the sustainable use of Bt technology in India, in consonance with ecology and environment. At least six different Bt-events were approved by the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee of the Ministry of Environment, without any event-specific plans devised for their sustainability.
A gene in the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis produces a protein that acts as a bollworm-resistant toxin. Scientists develop gene constructs that can be transferred to cotton seeds so the plants can resist bollworms. This is GM cotton. When such a gene construct takes its position on a chromosome of the plant genome, it is called an 'event'.
But the warnings were never taken seriously, even when resistance issues were pointed out, Kranthi wrote. Resistance is an evolutionary process. In agriculture, insect resistance is said to have developed when previously effective techniques are no longer controlling the target pest. Instead, more than a thousand hybrid Bt-cotton variations by private companies in India – crossing Bt events with their own seeds – were approved within just four to five years, he wrote, creating chaos for agronomy and pest management. As a result, the Indian cotton farmer's inability to manage pests will keep growing.
Labourers on Wadandre's forlon cotton field said the pink-worm infestation made plucking lint from the bolls very difficult, and the quality was also poor
In 2017, India saw a massive planting of herbicide-tolerant (HT) cotton seeds. HT-cotton is Monsanto's new cotton seed. It's not yet cleared by the government for commercial sale, but seed companies and unregistered firms have already sold these seeds to farmers. However, HT-cotton seeds are not an antidote to the bollworm or other pests. The cotton plant that grows out of such seeds is supposed to resist chemicals used to kill weeds and wild herbs, without affecting the cotton plants.
Now, in 2018, Dr. Kranthi's warnings have come true. When the first reports of pink bollworm infestation surfaced in Gujarat in 2010, it was in a very small area and on BG-I cotton. Between 2012 and 2014, it spread to a large area on BG-II.
In the 2015-16 season, surveys conducted by CICR showed that the survival of the pink bollworm larvae on BG-II was significantly higher across Gujarat and the pest had developed resistance to Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, and Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab (three different variants), particularly in Amreli and Bhavnagar districts.
Farmers were already using insecticides to contain the pink bollworm in addition to other insects, mainly sucking pests. The damage, according to the CICR's extensive field surveys in December 2015, was more in the green bolls for second and third pickings – white cotton is picked by farmers from bolls as they come to flowering in stages spanning four, sometimes, five months, October through March.
The CICR's studies came up with several factors for the resurgence of pink bollworm and failure of BG-II. Among others: cultivation of long duration hybrids that serve as continuous hosts of the pink bollworm.
Dr. Kranthi says Bt-cotton in India should have been released in open pollinated varieties (or straight-line desi cotton), not in hybrids. India is the only country to have permitted Bt genes to be impregnated in the hybrid varieties instead of straight-line – the farmers need not buy seeds from the market again if they plant straight-line varieties, but with hybrids, they have to buy the seeds every year.
"BG-II should not have been approved in long duration hybrids," he said. "We did exactly the opposite."
The return of the pink bollworm and the damage it caused to the farmers in the last three years has pitched Indian cotton-seed companies, around 50 of them, against Monsanto, from whom they had sourced the BG-I and BG-II cotton technology. At least 46 companies refused to pay royalty to Monsanto in 2016-17 – but that is a different story.
There is no new GM technology in sight now or in the near future that promises to replace BG-II. Neither is any technology available for more effective insecticides. India is in deep trouble on its fields of cotton, a crop that occupies vast stretches of land and creates millions of workdays in rural India.
Wadandre abandoned his initially promising cotton crop in January 2018. '... this year is devastating', he said
'I might flatten my farm soon'
In Amgaon (Kh) village, Wadandre – the beleaguered cotton farmer – abandoned his crop in January 2018. The plucking costs, he told me, would overrun the money he might have got by selling the battered cotton. "You see these plants – it looks as if these would give me a bumper yield. But this year is devastating," he said, walking through rows of tall and robust plants that needed to be supported by bamboo sticks to hold them straight.
Many of cotton farmers in Maharashtra, after another disastrous season, flattened their plants when much of the cotton remained un-harvested. Some in Yavatmal district ran bulldozers on the standing crop, others just abandoned the cotton in distress and disgust as the worms swarmed over large swathes of the snowy white fields.
The harvesting period came not long after many accidentally inhaled pesticides in western Vidarbha: about 50 farmers died, about a thousand took seriously ill, some of them lost their eyes in July-November 2017.
As the winter peaked in January – a time the pink-worm relishes – the cotton peasantry stood shattered by the impending losses.
When I met Wadandre in January, he said, "I might flatten my farm soon," showing us the bolls tormented by the tiny but lethal pest. I had met him twice before, but this time around, the bolls looked more completely devastated by the pink-worm than on the previous occasions. No amount of pesticides will help tame the worm, since it bores into the bolls and protects itself from chemical sprays, and multiplies really fast, he said.
Wadandre's worries speak of a storm brewing in India's cotton fields.
@journohardy
Jaideep Hardikar is a Nagpur-based journalist and writer, and a PARI core team member.
Other stories by Jaideep Hardikar
Sharmila Joshi is former Executive Editor, People's Archive of Rural India, and a writer and occasional teacher.
Other stories by Sharmila Joshi
'Where will the tigers go?'
Amgaon (Kh)
Belated rains, beleaguered farmers in Bhandara
Reporter : Jaideep Hardikar
Series Editors : P. Sainath and Sharmila Joshi
Rawanwadi
In tigress T1 territory: chronicle of a killing
Fumes and fear in Yavatmal


text:
Copper Thief Swipes Friday Night Lights at Santee Sportsplex
By Dave Summers	• Published July 31, 2018 • Updated on July 31, 2018 at 11:30 pm
Hundreds of children and adults in Santee were kept off the field last weekend after a copper thief stole their Friday night lights.
Copper wires were ripped out of the power boxes at the foot of the stadium lights that illuminate the soccer and softball fields at the Santee Sportsplex. Even the scoreboards and time clocks were left non-operable.
The covers of these electrical boxes at the Sportsplex are usually simple to open, but after the latest incident that isn't the case. In fact, someone trying to get inside without a key will probably need a sledgehammer.
Andrew Musbach's 13-year-old daughter Jayden's soccer game was one of 15 youth and adult soccer or softball games canceled because of darkness last Friday.
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"No scoreboards, no timers, no lights. Nothing," Andrew said. "The kids, they were frustrated. They wanted to play, definitely."
When maintenance crews arrived at the field they couldn't figure out what was wrong. Then they noticed the boxes.
"Just a bunch of wires, leftover wires sticking out looking like a party favor," Sportsplex General Manager Eddie Vandiver said describing the mess thieves left behind.
"It is extremely frustrating because it is a lot of work, a lot of time, a lot of man hours and a lot of money," he said.
Police believe sometime between 11 p.m. Thursday and 5 a.m. Friday, the thief cut out copper without disturbing the 480-volt energized wires inside two junction boxes outside the Sportsplex, then climbed the 10-foot fence and did the same to more boxes.
"If you clip the wrong wires at the wrong time you could cause yourself a lot of damage or death," Vandiver said.
Vandiver says the stolen copper is worth about $200, but the price of repairing the damage to the lights, phones and fiber optics, plus lost revenue, adds up to nearly $8,000.
The San Diego County Sheriff's Department (SDSO) is investigating. Deputies believe the person behind the crime has electrician skills.
The SDSO is also investigating a case of copper wire theft that happened the night before at nearby Santana High School.
San DiegoDave Summersgeneral managerJayden


text:
Братья Дубинины — крепостные крестьяне, создатели первой в мире нефтеперегонной установки.

История
Братья Василий (1788 — ?), Герасим (1794 — ?) и Макар (1805—1847) Алексеевичи Дубинины были жителями села Нижний Ландех (Владимирская губерния), оброчными крепостными графини Софьи Паниной. На родине они показали себя умелыми и предприимчивыми ремесленниками, умели получать из древесной смолы канифоль и скипидар по разработанной ими собственной технологии. Панина получила в дар новые земли на Моздокской линии и переселила братьев на Северный Кавказ, где к тому времени были обнаружены залежи нефти.

Дубинины были переселены на оброк, то есть с обязательством регулярной уплаты оброка Софье Владимировне. Продолжить заниматься смолокурением братья не смогли из-за отсутствия на новом месте хвойных пород деревьев. Но Дубинины обнаружили здесь выход на поверхность нефти, которая использовалась местными жителями для хозяйственных нужд и продажи. Так Дубинины пришли к мысли использовать в качестве сырья для своего ремесла нефть. В 1823 году в Моздоке ими была создана первая в мире нефтеперегонная установка. В ней нефть нагревалась на огне, её пары проходили через змеевик, охлаждаемый водой. В результате происходила конденсация паров керосина. После перегонки оставался мазут, который тогда не умели использовать и его просто выбрасывали. Продукция братьев пользовалась большим спросом и находила покупателей вплоть до Нижнего Новгорода и Москвы. За создание этой установки в 1847 году император Николай I наградил старшего из братьев Василия серебряной медалью «…для ношения в петлице на Владимирской ленте с надписью "За полезное"».

В 1848 году установка сгорела в результате нападения горцев. Восстановить установку не удалось, так как местные месторождения истощались, а использование новых оказалось нерентабельным из-за высоких цен, которые устанавливали откупщики. Обращения за помощью к властям не помогли.

Память
В 1908 году в Берлине был издан «Справочник по истории естествознания и техники», где был признан приоритет братьев в создании нефтеперегонной установки.

Именем братьев Дубининых названы улицы в Моздоке и Грозном.

В детском парке Моздока братьям установлен памятник.

Примечания

Ссылки

Нефтепереработка
Персоналии:Моздок
Изобретатели XIX века
Крепостные изобретатели

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
South Chicago shooting death called gang-related
A 21-year-old man was killed this morning in what police said was a gang-related shooting in the South Chicago neighborhood.
The victim was shot multiple times about 7 a.m. while standing with a female companion at 87th Street and Commercial Avenue, said Chicago Police Officer Robert Perez, a police spokesman. The woman wasn't hurt.
Perez could only provide a vague description of the shooter, last seen wearing a black hooded sweatshirt and black baggy pants, who shouted gang slogans before opening fire.
The victim, identified as Michael Vilella, 21, of the 9200 block of South Brandon Avenue, was taken to Advocate Trinity Hospital, where he was pronounced dead at 7:30 a.m., said the Cook County medical examiner's office.
A Chicago police officer responding to the call of the shooting with her lights flashing and siren blaring from her squad car was involved in a traffic crash on the way to the crime scene, Perez said. The squad car crashed into a light pole while trying to avoid another vehicle about a block away from the shooting scene.
Perez said the squad car's airbag deployed after the impact, and the officer was taken to Northwestern Memorial Hospital as a precaution.
No one was in custody for the shooting. Calumet Area detectives were conducting a homicide investigation.
-- Jeremy Gorner


The National Association of Itsekiri Graduates, NAIG has enjoined Itsekiri communities to jettison collection of money as well as drinks from political parties' candidates as campaigns commence from November 18 and tasked the communities to comprehensively document their development demands, so as to enable them evaluate the extent to which political office holders will leave up to their campaign promises.
The statement signed by Dede Tsuwa for NAIG Publicity Committee, included the need for Itsekiri Nation to demand the status of Itsekiri DESOPADEC Dredger allegedly lying fallow at Koko and the completion of the Coronation Hall at Ode-Itsekiri, the traditional headquarters of Warri Kingdom.
The apex Itsekiri graduates' body stressed the need for indigenes of Orere-Oluba Community in Warri South Local Government Area to tasks political parties' candidates to assure them that the community will be connected to the National Grid as well as the completion of the abandoned bridge linking the community to Mereje in Okpe Local Government Area, Delta State.
While communities around Ugborodo were enjoined to demand for the commencement of the Gas Revolution Industrial Park, GRIP project and the commencement of the Omadino-Escravos Road, communities along the Koko-Ogheye axis were asked to press for the completion of the age-long Koko-Ogheye Road as well as the completion of Koko Stadium and actualization of the proposed Federal Polytechnic in the historic town.
Fresh Angle International can also report that Ogheye people were tasked on the need to agitate for the completion of the Ogheye Floating Market abandoned by the Delta State Government.
According to NAIG, communities around Ubeji should demand for the immediate completion of the seeming impossible Ubeji Road and the immediate gazetting of the Egbokodo Vocational Training Centre to an OND/HND awarding training centre.
They also stressed the essence for communities such as Ugbodede, Usele, Inorin and Ode-Itsekiri in Warri South Local Government Area to demand their connection to the National Grid "which can simply be done by connecting to 33KV line at Ifie, using a submarine power cable across the Warri River or from the Nigerian Ports Authority, NPA, Warri".


The cairo port currently provides three variants: universal, which builds all of cairo's backends (e.g., freetype and quartz on Mac OS X); glitz, which (in addition) enables glitz and no_x11, which disables X11 functionality.
I would like to see a pure quartz variant. It is desirable to have only one font subsystem (quartz). This is not yet generally feasible because many applications do not support the quartz back-end. However, a pure quartz variant would allow developers to easily build an environment from which they could continue to port applications to support the quartz back-end. Broken, for lack of a better word, applications would immediately reveal themselves as they would not build and/or execute.
If a user is only interested in a subset of applications that do support the quartz back-end, then he may install them without many unnecessary dependencies.
Of course, the universal build should remain the default for quite some time (if not forever).
This was discussed in ticket #15052. I opened a separate ticket so that it may be tracked.
I wonder if we can roll this into the no_x11 variant. Or are there any cases where one would want the fontconfig backend but not the xlib backend? Hmm.
FYI: The universal variant is not on by default and it has nothing to do with what cairo backends are enabled; see the FAQ.
cairo has had a quartz variant for a long time now.


text:
Fuel contamination is the next concern in flood-ravaged Hay River, Northwest Territories
Fuel drums, an overturned truck and an entire house are among the items strewn across parts of West Point and West Channel First Nation in Hay River, Northwest Territories, after major flooding the week last.
Community members are trying to pick up the pieces after devastating flooding prompted an evacuation order for around 4,000 people in the area and now people like Janice Moore are worried about fuel contamination.
"If you go around the West Channel in general you can smell the smell of diesel and the smell of fuel," said Moore, who now has two metal fuel tanks and a metal drum that says "fuel jet" scattered in his yard.
Impact of flooding at K'atl'odeeche First Nation
Earlier this month, the Hay River overflowed and crashed into the K'atl'odeeche First Nation in the Northwest Territories. That's what people are coming back to this week.
Moore planned to create an herb garden on his West Channel property. But when she first visited it, traveling by boat, she said her yard was covered in eight inches of water with an oily sheen on top.
A few days later, there is a dark spot near one of the black barrels in her yard which she says is evidence that oil has seeped into the ground.
Moore said the government doesn't appear to be trying to clean up contaminated areas. She wonders why no one does formal environmental assessments and wants the government to dig up contaminated soil and provide people with clean-up kits.
Moore said this metal barrel, which reads "jet fuel" on the side, is one of several fuel containers left on his property after a devastating flood forced about 4,000 people from Hay River, the First West Point Nation and K'atl'odeeche. First Nation. (Submitted by Janice Moore)
"Such a thing would help us remove [the soil] and fix the situation and contain it so it doesn't continually seep into the ground."
Moore also fears for the quality of drinking water coming from Great Slave Lake. She said people pump water from their homes into ditches and all the water, clean or not, goes back into the body of water.
A patch of what looked and smelled like oil in standing water on Moore's West Channel property in Hay River. (Carla Ulrich/CBC)
"Like a war zone"
West Point First Nation Chief Kenny Cayen said restoring his community would be a major effort.
In the reserve, entire buildings have been moved to different places, some houses are still under water and there is debris everywhere. The mess includes boats on a children's playground and an overturned truck on the side of a road.
There is an entire house blocking an access road to four houses.
West Point First Nation Chief Kenneth Cayen said it could take all summer just to clean up the debris left by the water and ice that swept through the community. (Carla Ulrich/CBC)
"My heart is broken for my people," Chief Cayen said. "It's like a war zone. It's like debris everywhere and a lot of stuff…we don't know who it belongs to."
"I hope we can get our lives back on track," he said.
A truck is overturned on the side of the road on West Point First Nation in Hay River, Northwest Territories (Carla Ulrich/CBC)
On Monday, Premier Caroline Cochrane and Minister of Municipal and Community Affairs Shane Thompson and MPs Rocky Simpson, RJ Simpson and Ron Bonnetrouge will be in Hay River to meet with community and First Nations leaders to plan for flood recovery. .
The Prime Minister and Minister Thompson are scheduled to speak to reporters at 4:30 p.m.


A simple study for today's post but also, a really, really, REALLY important one.
I wrote about this hellish bacterium back in March. About 500,000 people develop an infection each year in the USA alone, and of those, 15,000 will die within the month. C.diff is a killer. Remember too, it is highly associated with autism. I've also written about that several times: you can read more about that here, for example. The biggest risk factor for developing a C.diff infection is exposure to antibiotics.
Innumerable times over the years I have wished someone in the hospital would have told me to put Alex on probiotics. Hopefully now doing so has become common practice. Such a simple thing to prevent so much suffering.
[ii] Johnston, BC, et. al. Microbial preparations (probiotics) for the prevention of Clostridum difficile infection in adults and children: an individual patient data meta-analysis of 6,851 participants. Infection control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2018:39(7):771-781.