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text:
Sepioteuthis, commonly known as reef squids or oval squids, is a genus of pencil squid. Reef squids are easily recognizable by their large rounded fins that extend along almost the entire length of their mantles, giving them a superficial resemblance to cuttlefish.

Species
Three species are currently recognized, though S. australis and S. lessoniana are believed to be cryptic species complexes.

Sepioteuthis australis, southern reef squid or southern calamary
Sepioteuthis lessoniana, bigfin reef squid or northern calamary
Sepioteuthis sepioidea, Caribbean reef squid

An additional species, S. loliginiformis, was described in 1828, but its validity is questionable. However, if the species turns out to be the same as S. australis or S. lessoniana, S. loliginiformis would be the senior synonym and replace the younger name currently in use.

References

External links

Tree of Life web project: Loliginidae

Squid

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Get ready, you're about to be challenged on your perspective about disability.
Earlier this month, the Student disAbility Resource Center presented its 3rd Ability Ally training, a three-hour training designed to challenge and educate students and faculty about disability.
I was supposed to write an advance on the event for our online issue, but the director of the Student disAbility Resource Center, Adam Kasarda, invited me to attend the training specifically for supplemental instructors, or student tutors, four days prior to the March 5 campus-wide training. That training was fully booked, but after experiencing the earlier training sessions, I felt the information was too important to not share with everyone.
Thirty minutes in and I was already learning so much. I wrote in my notes, "This is freaking insightful" because the training was educational, friendly, and interactive. The room felt like a safe space where we can reflect the times we discriminated someone with a disability.
Even George Takei, a former "Star Trek" star and internet sensation, is culpable. As an example, Takei, known for his advocacy against racism and an LGBTQ+ ally, once created a meme (that he later apologized for) of a woman getting out of her wheelchair to reach for alcohol. Kasarda said that was a clear example of reinforcing negative stereotypes of people with disabilities, for some might interpret the meme as saying that people with disabilities are alcoholics or that the person in the wheelchair is faking their disability, when the truth is, there are different levels of disability just like there are different levels of blindness, Kasarda said.
Throughout the training, led by Kasarda and Mace Fuataina Mikaele, an AIM/Disability Management Specialist, participants were given scenarios that allowed them to share personal experiences and ask questions without fear of being judged.
One of my favorite activities involved building blocks. Each participant was given four yellow building blocks and two red ones. They were then told to build a duck in less than one minute and walk around to see if anyone had a similar duck to theirs. There were more than 30 people comparing their work and yet, no one had the same duck. Why is that?
"This represents diversity in its purest form," said Kasarda.
You may have heard the saying, "Treat people how you want to be treated," but Kasarda introduced a new saying: "Treat people how they want to be treated." You can start with your use of language. Be clear and concise and don't talk down to the person.
The disAbility Resource Center is open for all students on campus. To learn more about what you can do to help, look out for future trainings and RSVP as soon as possible because it's highly interactive, so seats are limited. You can request a training for your club or for your department, stop by the resource center for questions, or simply ask someone with a disability what you can do to help if they need it.
SdRC is located in Welch Hall, D-180. You can reach them at (310) 243-3660 or dss@csudh.edu.


And then there are other things which are only here now, like a baby's first steps, holiday celebrations, graduations, spending time with older relatives… Not being able to participate in these things because of being too busy with other "priorities" which take away your time and attention results in stress, burnout, anxiety, depression, and a whole bunch of bad outcomes.
There are systems and resources on time management, but the fact is that you cannot manage or control time. Time moves on regardless of what you do, so it is pointless to fight the passing of time. What is within your control is how you manage yourself with the time you have. And this is where you have the power to reduce stress and achieve the balance you are seeking.
1) You must decide very clearly on what your priorities in life are. These will be different for everyone. It might be family, or religion or community or the environment or a career or a creative outlet. These are your big ticket items in life and you must always be aware of these. Whatever they are, you must be very clear on your priorities in life; what they are and why they are important, otherwise you will never find the time to make meaningful progress on these.
2) Make sure you spend some time, whatever time you have - even if you can only find a few minutes, each and every day on those items you have identified as top life priorities. If your top priority is to spend time with your child, or keep in touch with your parents, or take better care of yourself by doing exercise, or learn a new language or an instrument… Commit to spending some time each and every day on these priorities. These are your must-do no matter what priorities, things that you will really regret not having done later on in your life. Even if you only have 20 minutes a day to spend on each of these, it adds up. Twenty minutes per day is over 2 hours per week. Just start with this and it will become an automatic part of what you do and you will find you can spend more time in these areas without losing out in the other have-to-do items.
3) For the have-to-do items that always seem to get in the way and drain your time and energy, break them down into the tiniest bits you can. Do you really need to sit down for 3 hours and put together that sales report all at once? Or can you spend 10 minutes now locating a key data table, then 15 minutes later setting up the presentation template….. Then, recognize the little bits of free time all around you and use these to the max to make progress on getting the small tasks out of the way, which will add up to getting the big tasks out of the way if you keep at it. If you are riding on the train to work or sitting in a waiting room, can you use this time to catch up on reading? Can you make some notes for a talk or a report you will be presenting? Can you jot down some ideas for soccer plays or scout activities or put together a birthday party list for your child? The fact is that even if you have some tasks which you think will require several hours of focused attention, it is often possible to break these down into much smaller incremental tasks which can be fit into any idle time which all of us have (think about waiting in lines, being on hold for customer service, sitting in traffic, waiting for the bus, being stuck at the airport……). Recognize these pieces of valuable time you have and use them to the max.
4) Do not get obsessed with perfection. You can typically save a significant amount of time if you focus on the important points of what is actually need and stop before you spend any more time on nice-to-have improvements. Spend enough time on the must-do items to give your customer what they need, and that's good enough. Your customer may be a boss who needs some financial figures to be accurate (but does not need the color scheme of the slides to be perfect) or your child who needs a costume for Halloween (but does not need the stitching to be perfect).
5) Limit electronic distractions. Mobile devices, email, texts and apps are great for staying in touch and sharing information easily, but they can easily go beyond the point of being value added and quickly drain your effectiveness in getting important things done. Quickly prioritize truly important emails and texts (you can usually figure this out by skimming through the first line) and you will find these are a small percentage of all the "stuff" that comes in. Let the rest wait until you are ready to focus on it; do not let it instantly pull you away from something more important you are focusing on. If you always instantly respond to anyone who sends you a text or email, you are setting up an expectation that this is how you always work. When you have multiple people sending you things all the time, it quickly takes over your life and attention. Instead, take your time in responding and focus on a quality response. This sets the expectation that you are valuing the person asking the question and spending your time to get them the best information you can. If you provide value added responses, people will appreciate this above the quick one-line responses. Lawyers are a good example of this. Try getting a quick answer from a lawyer. I can send them email and not get any response for several days. But when the answer does come back, it is a quality answer, well thought out and clearly organized.
Each of these five techniques will help you to stay focused on the big ticket items in your life and find ways to get the small stuff done and out of the way so you can spend more of your valuable life energy on doing what really matters to you; what you will want to have accomplished when you reach the end of your time allotment on this earth.


I love it the opportunity to collaborate with a new skincare brand drops into my inbox… I'm always excitedly waiting for the products to arrive so I can test them out and find new skincare gems to share with you all! Of course, this was no exception when the The Face Shop reached out to ask if I wanted to try Dr. Belmeur – with all the minimalist labels and pharmaceutical aesthetic, I was all over it. After doing a little research into the brand and what separated it from the many other skincare brands out there, I was intrigued to see that the product line consisted of a special formula known as Skin-Sync Rx™, a similar structure to our skin, which allows the ingredients to better absorb and work their magic.
I was offered a Winter S.O.S box (which stands for Save Our Skin in this case), catered to my skin type, filled with an entire line to see me through the cold weather. The products are available individually on The Face Shop website, so I thought I'd do a breakdown of my first impressions on the whole line – there are hits (and a couple of misses), but the brand offers even more than what's in this post so I'd highly recommend doing a bit of research on your skin-type and what combination of products would work for your personal routine.
Starting with a good old cleanse and tone, I've been trialing the Daily Repair Foam Cleanser * and Daily Repair Toner* and if I'm honest, I didn't find them that different than other products I've tried. They're both very gentle, as with a lot of the Dr. Belmeur line, which make them wonderful for sensitive skin – but I've always preferred cream or gel cleansers over foam because I find them less stripping. These two might be better suited for oilier skin-types because they certainly left my face feeling clean and fresh – however, they also left my skin needing a lot of moisture, so I'm really glad I had some fab hydrating products to follow up (see below).
Moving onto the star of the box – the Advanced CICA Peptide Ampoule* was the product I was most keen to try as it promised smoother, energized skin and could be used on it's own as a serum or mixed in with my favourite moisturiser. The ingredients include Centella Asiatica extract and a peptide complex to repair damaged skin and keep things plump and healthy. I love the way that this makes my skin feel after application – particularly when I pair it with the Advanced CICA Recovery Cream*. This pale pink moisturiser has a whipped gel like consistency that is really easy to mix with serums to amp up your skincare routine. It sinks right into dry skin and keeps everything hydrated for hours – and the tub itself is huge which means it will definitely last a while.
I've also been dabbling with the Clarifying Spot Plaster Bands*, which are small sticky dots that you apply on active breakouts and leave overnight. I've only tried this on a couple of small breakouts, so I can't really give a full review of what I've found. However, I have noticed that the redness around any spots goes down after using these, and the breakout area in general appears calmer and less irritated. The main ingredient is tea-tree oil which is known to be excellent for spot treatment, but I'll keep you updated once I've tried these on more severe time-of-the-month guests that appear on my face every now and again!
The Dr. Belmeur line is available to shop online at The Face Shop – and they have lots of different products to mix and match so be sure to take a peek if you're on the hunt for some gentle skincare to incorporate into your routine.
What have been your skincare discoveries lately?
Previous Post An Introduction To Neostrata.
Next Post A Spring Wardrobe Wishlist.


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Fertilizer Woven Bags are export and supplying specially by taking much care considering the application point of view. Chemical and alkali resistant ingredients are used for producing these bags. Laminated or unlaminated bags with liners are also provided.


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Monica Castillo August 21, 2020
Thom Fitzgerald's "Stage Mother" is a sweet but ineffective comedy that cashes in on drag culture's new mainstream fame. While the movie brings up a handful of important topics, the way it handles issues like drug addiction and physical abuse ultimately feel superficial and hollow. Fortunately, a few sparkling performances salvage the show from becoming too maudlin.
Unfortunately, "Stage Mother" begins with the tragic death of a drag queen on-stage at a struggling Castro District bar called Pandora's Box. Eventually, the news of Rickey's (Eldon Thiele) overdose death reaches his estranged Baptist parents, Maybelline (Jacki Weaver) and Jeb (Hugh Thompson), in their little Texas town of Red Vine. Overcome with grief, his mother boards a plane for San Francisco, meeting her son's partner Nathan (Adrian Grenier) and best friend Sienna (Lucy Liu) for the first time and learns that Rickey's bar has now passed on to her. Instead of selling the place like her husband wants, Maybelline decides to keep the bar alive in memory of her son by turning a trio of drag performers into bona fide singers.
Even with added drama from Sienna's abusive date and another drag performer, Joan (Allister MacDonald), struggling with addiction, Brad Hennig's script is predictable. For the most part, these are not characters but templates, a hodgepodge of adjectives that represent the idea of a person but never quite feeling like someone you would meet. Outside of Maybelline's unsurprising "normie mom learns to accept the fabulous gays" arc, Nathan is perhaps the next biggest character, and sadly, he's only got two moods: resentful or supportive. Grenier spends so much time being angry, it feels like an overdrawn temper tantrum. Another major part of the story is Sienna, a blunt-smoking-while-pushing-the-baby stroller mom who looks more like a bad comedian's punchline about San Francisco. Eventually, we're supposed to care for her character because she finds herself in trouble, but even that feels judgmental, as if it were punishment for being a single mom trying to date. If main characters like Nathan and Sienna feel empty, then what hope do performers like Cherry (Mya Taylor) and Tequila (Oscar Moreno) have? Even when unexpected characters arrive, like the charming hotel concierge August (Anthony Skordi) who befriends Maybelline, there's a sense of where this story's going, and it's hardly ever a surprise.
To their credit, most of the actors do what they can with what they've been given. Weaver adapts her tough mama person to a level of Baptist nice who winces when someone curses but isn't afraid to wield a gun when necessary. Skordi isn't as convincing as a former hippie turned head concierge, but he sells the charming bit as well as he can. The trio of performers—Joan, Tequila and Cherry—may not make the best singers, but they work well together. Moreno and MacDonald share the spotlight at different times as the most out-going queens, and Taylor plays the shiest one of the three. As Cherry, she's much more soft-spoken but also dealing with her own set of problems as a trans woman, and she brings a world of patience to all of the blow ups around her. Although Grenier's angry performance feels more petulant than nuanced, Liu seems to have fun playing her irresponsible character, making herself look as messy and weary as she possibly can.
However sweet the story is, Fitzgerald never makes "Stage Mother" into something memorable. The cinematography is merely serviceable and the stock footage-like sweeps of the city feel terribly canned, like a TV show made on the cheap. Honestly, the movie's premise is a bit of a bummer in it of itself. It takes a God-fearing straight white woman to help a group of queer men and women get their groove back after a traumatic loss, and I'm not sure that storyline is as progressive as it wanted to be.
Monica Castillo
Monica Castillo is a freelance writer and University of Southern California Annenberg graduate film critic fellow. Although she originally went to Boston University for biochemistry and molecular biology before landing in the sociology department, she went on to review films for The Boston Phoenix, WBUR, Dig Boston, The Boston Globe, and co-hosted the podcast "Cinema Fix."
Girl with No Mouth
Peter Sobczynski
Sheila O'Malley
The Stand In
Stage Mother (2020)
Rated R for sexual content including an assault, language and some drug use.
Jacki Weaver as Maybelline
Lucy Liu as Sienna
Adrian Grenier as Nathan
Lenore Zann as Bevette
Anthony Skordi as August
Mya Taylor as Cherry
Allister MacDonald as Joan
Brad Hennig
Thomas M. Harting
Yaniv Dabach
Warren Robert

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
A magnetohydrodynamic drive or MHD accelerator is a method for propelling vehicles using only electric and magnetic fields with no moving parts, accelerating an electrically conductive propellant (liquid or gas) with magnetohydrodynamics. The fluid is directed to the rear and as a reaction, the vehicle accelerates forward.

The first studies examining MHD in the field of marine propulsion date back to the early 1960s.

Few large-scale working prototypes have been built, as marine MHD propulsion remains impractical due to its low efficiency, limited by the low electrical conductivity of seawater. Increasing current density is limited by Joule heating and water electrolysis in the vicinity of electrodes, and increasing the magnetic field strength is limited by the cost, size and weight (as well as technological limitations) of electromagnets and the power available to feed them.

Stronger technical limitations apply to air-breathing MHD propulsion (where ambient air is ionized) that is still limited to theoretical concepts and early experiments.

Plasma propulsion engines using magnetohydrodynamics for space exploration have also been actively studied as such electromagnetic propulsion offers high thrust and high specific impulse at the same time, and the propellant would last much longer than chemical rockets.

Principle

The working principle involves the acceleration of an electrically conductive fluid (which can be a liquid or an ionized gas called a plasma) by the Lorentz force, resulting from the cross product of an electric current (motion of charge carriers accelerated by an electric field applied between two electrodes) with a perpendicular magnetic field. The Lorentz force accelerates all charged particles, positive and negative species (in opposite directions). If either positive or negative species dominate the vehicle is put in motion in the opposite direction from the net charge.

This is the same working principle as an electric motor (more exactly a linear motor) except that in an MHD drive, the solid moving rotor is replaced by the fluid acting directly as the propellant. As with all electromagnetic devices, an MHD accelerator is reversible: if the ambient working fluid is moving relatively to the magnetic field, charge separation induces an electric potential difference that can be harnessed with electrodes: the device then acts as a power source with no moving parts, transforming the kinetic energy of the incoming fluid into electricity, called an MHD generator.

As the Lorentz force in an MHD converter does not act on a single isolated charged particle nor on electrons in a solid electrical wire, but on a continuous charge distribution in motion, it is a "volumetric" (body) force, a force per unit volume:

where f is the force density (force per unit volume), ρ the charge density (charge per unit volume), E the electric field, J the current density (current per unit area) and B the magnetic field.

Typology

MHD thrusters are classified in two categories according to the way the electromagnetic fields operate:
 Conduction devices when a direct current flows in the fluid due to an applied voltage between pairs of electrodes, the magnetic field being steady.
 Induction devices when alternating currents are induced by a rapidly varying magnetic field, as eddy currents. No electrodes are required in this case.

As induction MHD accelerators are electrodeless, they do not exhibit the common issues related to conduction systems (especially Joule heating, bubbles and redox from electrolysis) but need much more intense peak magnetic fields to operate. Since one of the biggest issues with such thrusters is the limited energy available on-board, induction MHD drives have not been developed out of the laboratory.

Both systems can put the working fluid in motion according to two main designs:
 Internal flow when the fluid is accelerated within and propelled back out of a nozzle of tubular or ring-shaped cross-section, the MHD interaction being concentrated within the pipe (similarly to rocket or jet engines).
 External flow when the fluid is accelerated around the whole wetted area of the vehicle, the electromagnetic fields extending around the body of the vehicle. The propulsion force results from the pressure distribution on the shell (as lift on a wing, or how ciliate microorganisms such as Paramecium move water around them).

Internal flow systems concentrate the MHD interaction in a limited volume, preserving stealth characteristics. External field systems on the contrary have the ability to act on a very large expanse of surrounding water volume with higher efficiency and the ability to decrease drag, increasing the efficiency even further.

Marine propulsion

MHD has no moving parts, which means that a good design might be silent, reliable, and efficient. Additionally, the MHD design eliminates many of the wear and friction pieces of the drivetrain with a directly driven propeller by an engine. Problems with current technologies include expense and slow speed compared to a propeller driven by an engine. The extra expense is from the large generator that must be driven by an engine. Such a large generator is not required when an engine directly drives a propeller.

The first prototype, a 3-meter (10-feet) long submarine called EMS-1, was designed and tested in 1966 by Stewart Way, a professor of mechanical engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Way, on leave from his job at Westinghouse Electric, assigned his senior year undergraduate students to build the operational unit. This MHD submarine operated on batteries delivering power to electrodes and electromagnets, which produced a magnetic field of 0.015 tesla. The cruise speed was about 0.4 meter per second (15 inches per second) during the test in the bay of Santa Barbara, California, in accordance with theoretical predictions.

Later, a Japanese prototype, the 3.6-meter long "ST-500", achieved speeds of up to 0.6 m/s in 1979.

In 1991, the world's first full-size prototype Yamato 1 was completed in Japan after 6 years of research and development (R&D) by the Ship & Ocean Foundation (later known as the Ocean Policy Research Foundation). The ship successfully carried a crew of ten plus passengers at speeds of up to  in Kobe Harbour in June 1992.

Small-scale ship models were later built and studied extensively in the laboratory, leading to successful comparisons between the measurements and the theoretical prediction of ship terminal speeds.

Military research about underwater MHD propulsion included high-speed torpedoes, remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROV), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV), up to larger ones such as submarines.

Aircraft propulsion

Passive flow control
First studies of the interaction of plasmas with hypersonic flows around vehicles date back to the late 1950s, with the concept of a new kind of thermal protection system for space capsules during high-speed reentry. As low-pressure air is naturally ionized at such very high velocities and altitude, it was thought to use the effect of a magnetic field produced by an electromagnet to replace thermal ablative shields by a "magnetic shield". Hypersonic ionized flow interacts with the magnetic field, inducing eddy currents in the plasma. The current combines with the magnetic field to give Lorentz forces that oppose the flow and detach the bow shock wave further ahead of the vehicle, lowering the heat flux which is due to the brutal recompression of air behind the stagnation point. Such passive flow control studies are still ongoing, but a large-scale demonstrator has yet to be built.

Active flow control
Active flow control by MHD force fields on the contrary involves a direct and imperious action of forces to locally accelerate or slow down the airflow, modifying its velocity, direction, pressure, friction, heat flux parameters, in order to preserve materials and engines from stress, allowing hypersonic flight. It is a field of magnetohydrodynamics also called magnetogasdynamics, magnetoaerodynamics or magnetoplasma aerodynamics, as the working fluid is the air (a gas instead of a liquid) ionized to become electrically conductive (a plasma).

Air ionization is achieved at high altitude (electrical conductivity of air increases as atmospheric pressure reduces according to Paschen's law) using various techniques: high voltage electric arc discharge, RF (microwaves) electromagnetic glow discharge, laser, e-beam or betatron, radioactive source… with or without seeding of low ionization potential alkali substances (like caesium) into the flow.

MHD studies applied to aeronautics try to extend the domain of hypersonic planes to higher Mach regimes:
 Action on the boundary layer to prevent laminar flow to become turbulent.
 Shock wave mitigation for thermal control and reduction of the wave drag and form drag. Some theoretical studies suggest the flow velocity could be controlled everywhere on the wetted area of an aircraft, so shock waves could be totally cancelled when using enough power.
 Inlet flow control.
 Airflow velocity reduction upstream to feed a scramjet by the use of an MHD generator section combined with an MHD accelerator downstream at the exhaust nozzle, powered by the generator through an MHD bypass system.

The Russian project Ayaks (Ajax) is an example of MHD-controlled hypersonic aircraft concept. A US program also exists to design a hypersonic MHD bypass system, the Hypersonic Vehicle Electric Power System (HVEPS). A working prototype was completed in 2017 under development by General Atomics and the University of Tennessee Space Institute, sponsored by the US Air Force Research Laboratory. These projects aim to develop MHD generators feeding MHD accelerators for a new generation of high-speed vehicles. Such MHD bypass systems are often designed around a scramjet engine, but easier to design turbojets are also considered, as well as subsonic ramjets.

Such studies covers a field of resistive MHD with magnetic Reynolds number ≪ 1 using nonthermal weakly ionized gases, making the development of demonstrators much more difficult to realize than for MHD in liquids. "Cold plasmas" with magnetic fields are subject to the electrothermal instability occurring at a critical Hall parameter, which makes full-scale developments difficult.

Prospects
MHD propulsion has been considered as the main propulsion system for both marine and space ships since there is no need to produce lift to counter the gravity of Earth in water (due to buoyancy) nor in space (due to weightlessness), which is ruled out in the case of flight in the atmosphere.

Nonetheless, considering the current problem of the electric power source solved (for example with the availability of a still missing multi-megawatt compact fusion reactor), one could imagine future aircraft of a new kind silently powered by MHD accelerators, able to ionize and direct enough air downward to lift several tonnes. As external flow systems can control the flow over the whole wetted area, limiting thermal issues at high speeds, ambient air would be ionized and radially accelerated by Lorentz forces around an axisymmetric body (shaped as a cylinder, a cone, a sphere…), the entire airframe being the engine. Lift and thrust would arise as a consequence of a pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces, induced by the Coandă effect. In order to maximize such pressure difference between the two opposite sides, and since the most efficient MHD converters (with a high Hall effect) are disk-shaped, such MHD aircraft would be preferably flattened to take the shape of a biconvex lens. Having no wings nor airbreathing jet engines, it would share no similarities with conventional aircraft, but it would behave like a helicopter whose rotor blades would have been replaced by a "purely electromagnetic rotor" with no moving part, sucking the air downward. Such concepts of flying MHD disks have been developed in the peer review literature from the mid 1970s mainly by physicists Leik Myrabo with the Lightcraft, and Subrata Roy with the Wingless Electromagnetic Air Vehicle (WEAV).

These futuristic visions have been advertised in the media although they still remain beyond the reach of modern technology.

Spacecraft propulsion

A number of experimental methods of spacecraft propulsion are based on magnetohydrodynamics. As this kind of MHD propulsion involves compressible fluids in the form of plasmas (ionized gases) it is also referred to as magnetogasdynamics or magnetoplasmadynamics.

In such electromagnetic thrusters, the working fluid is most of the time ionized hydrazine, xenon or lithium. Depending on the propellant used, it can be seeded with alkali such as potassium or caesium to improve its electrical conductivity. All charged species within the plasma, from positive and negative ions to free electrons, as well as neutral atoms by the effect of collisions, are accelerated in the same direction by the Lorentz "body" force, which results from the combination of a magnetic field with an orthogonal electric field (hence the name of "cross-field accelerator"), these fields not being in the direction of the acceleration. This is a fundamental difference with ion thrusters which rely on electrostatics to accelerate only positive ions using the Coulomb force along a high voltage electric field.

First experimental studies involving cross-field plasma accelerators (square channels and rocket nozzles) date back to the late 1950s. Such systems provide greater thrust and higher specific impulse than conventional chemical rockets and even modern ion drives, at the cost of a higher required energy density.

Some devices also studied nowadays besides cross-field accelerators include the magnetoplasmadynamic thruster sometimes referred to as the Lorentz force accelerator (LFA), and the electrodeless pulsed inductive thruster (PIT).

Even today, these systems are not ready to be launched in space as they still lack a suitable compact power source offering enough energy density (such as hypothetical fusion reactors) to feed the power-greedy electromagnets, especially pulsed inductive ones. The rapid ablation of electrodes under the intense thermal flow is also a concern. For these reasons, studies remain largely theoretical and experiments are still conducted in the laboratory, although over 60 years have passed since the first research in this kind of thrusters.

Fiction
Oregon, a ship in the Oregon Files series of books by author Clive Cussler, has a magnetohydrodynamic drive. This allows the ship to turn very sharply and brake instantly, instead of gliding for a few miles. In Valhalla Rising, Clive Cussler writes the same drive into the powering of Captain Nemo's Nautilus.

The film adaptation of The Hunt for Red October popularized the magnetohydrodynamic drive as a "caterpillar drive" for submarines, a nearly undetectable "silent drive" intended to achieve stealth in submarine warfare. In reality, the current traveling through the water would create gases and noise, and the magnetic fields would induce a detectable magnetic signature. In the film, it was suggested that this sound could be confused with geological activity. In the novel from which the film was adapted, the caterpillar that Red October used was actually a pump-jet of the so-called "tunnel drive" type (the tunnels provided acoustic camouflage for the cavitation from the propellers).

In the Ben Bova novel The Precipice, the ship where some of the action took place, Starpower 1, built to prove that exploration and mining of the Asteroid Belt was feasible and potentially profitable, had a magnetohydrodynamic drive mated to a fusion power plant.

See also
 Electrohydrodynamics
 List of plasma (physics) articles
 Lorentz force, relates electric and magnetic fields to propulsion force

References

External links
 Demonstrate Magnetohydrodynamic Propulsion in a Minute

Marine propulsion
Fluid dynamics
Plasma physics
Magnetic propulsion devices


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Home > DC Superhero > Entertainment > Hollywood > Scarlett Johansson > Showbiz > After Marvel's Black Widow, Scarlett Johansson To Play This DC Superhero?
After Marvel's Black Widow, Scarlett Johansson To Play This DC Superhero?
Top 10 Rankers 9/13/2020 01:20:00 PM DC Superhero, Entertainment, Hollywood, Scarlett Johansson, Showbiz
Scarlett Johansson is looking forward to work in the DC universe next after playing the fierce Black Widow for Marvel.
Scarlett Johansson has been a part of Marvel Cinematic Universe for at least 10 years. With her character Black Widow/Natasha Romanoff, she has build a loyal fan following for herself. It was the actress along with Robert Downey Jr, who have been a part of several MCU movies over the years.
Currently, fan can't wait to watch her solo movie showing Natasha's family and backstory. However, the pandemic this year ruined all the plans and the movie didn't release in May, when it was supposed to. But looks like the actress has decided to move on from MCU and is now looking to be a part of another superhero universe.
Scarlett Johansson is looking forward to work in the DC universe next after playing the fierce Black Widow for Marvel. As reported by WeGotThisCovered, the actress is offered to play the role of Dawn Granger aka Dove.
Dove is a character who fights crime alongside Hawk. Warner Bros want Scarlett Johansson to play this DC superhero as her star power and talent will help in making this female-driven superhero big. It would be interesting to see if the Black Widow actress says yes to the movie or not. There is no official confirmation on the same.
Talking about Black Widow, it is set for November 6, 2020 release date. But recently, there were reports that Marvel is planning to postpone the movie for 2021. However, the studio is yet to confirm the delaying of the movie's release to 2021.
Do you want to see Scarlett Johansson in a DC movie as Dove? Let us know in the comments below.


Alphabet Glue Volume 8 Now Available!
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ideas and activities to extend the fun!
then try your hand at making your own comic books!
or any of the previous volumes, visit Alphabet Glue!


I am working with freelance 2016 sp1.One of my screen, the totaliser value crossed above 6 digits...(screen attached below).so my problem, As i created trend for above value.here actual value(1.03e+005), current value,SCS(-1.89e+0),SCE(8.02e+006) displayed in exponential format.So my question is why this exponential format coming & also how can change this exponential format to normal range like (96900.59,98879.56...etc).
Please help me someone to sort out this issue.
would it help to have better precision (more digits shown) for the exponential format? I have seen a similar issue with alarm values/limits.
Are you aware that REAL is a single precision floating point value? You must ensure that the ratio between the increments and the absolute totalizer value is a good factor away from the 1.19e-7 relative precision of the REAL format, otherwise the totalizer value will not represent the sum of the increments as desired. It might make sense to use UDINT values to simulate fixed point arithmetics.
I guess the data type of the variables that you are trending is REAL. For REAL there is an automatic change in the representation for very high or very low numbers.
What you could do is to use variables of data type UDINT. You can convert your REAL variables to UDINT variables by using a converter function (TO_UD) before you connect the signals to your trend acquisition function block. You can continue to use the logic that creates your REAL variables for the counter values, but before you trend the signals convert them to UDINT.
After you place that function on your FBD (and before connecting it to the REAL variables) right click on the function and select "Change data type..." That will allow you to select the input data type that shall be converted to UDINT.
In the pop-up dialog press the right arrow button until the picture shows a REAL data type on the left side.
Then connect the input and route the output of this function to your trend acquisition function block.
When employing a Trend Server, is there any way to use this trick? For diagnostic purposes, I'm trending a VFD status word (type WORD) which is displayed as REAL in the trend. It's not critical, but would be nice-to-have.
Hold the horses! I take everything back.
Even if you convert your REAL counter into an UDINT counter, the Trend display will show it in scientific notation once it goes over 99,999. It will then show the next value as 1.00e+005.
It does that independent of the data type of the variable. The problem with that is, that you do not see the next values from 100,001 to 100,999. Only 101,000 would show as 1.01e+005. Unfortunately there is no way around it in the current trend application. Don't get me wrong, internally all the values are counted, but you would not see a change in the "Actual" column until it increments over 1000.
What you could do, though it is a little awkward, is to split the counter value into 2 parts. One counting the 100,000 and the other showing the increments from 0..99,999. If you had a counter value of 366,432 it would appera as the value pair 3 and 66,432. Or you could show it as a value pair of 366 and 432. That would be more favorable if the value you count has a unit like liter. Then the first value shows the Kilo-Liters and the second value the liters since the last Kilo increment.
If you put both values into the trend. you could see the counter value. To do the split one would use the DIV and MOD functions.
Sorry for pointing you in the wrong direction first and having no better solution.


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Increasing business and creating jobs through engagement with Europe
Creating more jobs for Papua New Guineans will be a positive outcome of advancing the nation's engagement with Europe during the Prime Minister's visit to Brussels and Paris over the past week.
In the course of the visit, Prime Minister, Peter O'Neill, met with a range of business representatives and the President of the European Council, Donald Tusk.
These meetings also included a business breakfast, hosted by the French Business Confederation, with 30 representatives from companies interested in initiating or expanding their operations in PNG.
"There is significant interest in Papua New Guinea from the business community in the cities our delegation visited, and we must convert that interest into tangible business engagement," O'Neill said.
"We cannot think of Europe as being too far away to matter.
"Europe offers a important market particularly for our agricultural products.
"There is also tremendous potential for strategic partnerships in areas that include banking, energy and resources.
"In my meeting with senior executives at Total S.A., they reaffirmed their commitment to developing the third train of LNG in Papua New Guinea.
"Total is a great example of a European company that recognises the potential for investment in Papua New Guinea.
"Total is already employing Papua New Guineans and foreign workers and this number is expected to reach 10,000 at the peak of the construction project.
"With one of the fastest growing economies in the world and being a country with ongoing political stability, businesses are interested in investing at Papua New Guinea."
The Prime Minister said his meeting with European Council President, H Donald Tusk, also provided an opportunity to deepen and widen interaction on important issues. This includes European concerns in relation to fisheries.
"We discussed action being taken in Papua New Guinea to combat illegal fishing," O'Neill said.
"Papua New Guinea takes these concerns seriously and we are making improvements in our internal systems.
"Both the European Union and Papua New Guinea want to deal with illegal fishing and we are cooperating to achieve a positive outcome.
"President Tusk and I further had the opportunity to further discuss visa issues. We are working towards having improved visa arrangements for Papua New Guineans travelling to EU countries."
The Prime Minister said following the success of the UK-PNG Trade and Investment Forum last week, and the positive reception in Paris, future forums are likely to include France.
"Next year we are looking at the trade and investment forum being held in Paris and alternate this with London each year."
The Prime Minister thanked the Governments of Belgium and France for their support in facilitating the visit that took place on 17-19 June 2015.
PM O'Neill officially opens Games Village
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O'Neill arrives in Honiara for MSG Leaders' Summit...
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Wise decisions today, vital for tomorrow
Kumul Flyover opens


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28 Mar Energy: ARES, Energy Storage with Gravity
Posted at 15:38h in Energy	by	Shen Ge 0 Comments
Introduction to ARES
The global market for energy storage (already 2% of generation capacity in just the US) is growing rapidly with the growth of renewable energy. Solar, wind, and other renewable energy generation are fundamentally intermittent and their aggregate peak output rarely matches that of peak system loads, delivering on annual an average of less than 30% of their rated capacity into the electrical grid. Without energy storage technology, a significant amount of energy produced is simply lost.
Advanced Rail Energy Storage uses a train rushing down a mountain to produce electricity when needed. Credit: Popular Mechanics
Advanced Rail Energy Storage (ARES), based in Santa Barbara, California uses modified railway cars rolling downhill on a specially built track to release energy and off-peak electricity to pull the cars to the top of a hill. The ARES system requires specific topography but its founder and primary inventor, William Peitzke, says ARES uses 100-year-old technology which delivers more power for the same height differential with a round-trip efficiency—the ratio of energy out to energy in—of more than 85%, compared with 70-75% for pumped-storage hydropower (PSH). Furthermore, ARES has a much wider geographic scope than PSH since it does not require water and has far less negative environmental impact (no need for drilling or flooding). Peitzke co-founded the company with San Diego engineer Matt Brown and hired James Kelly, a retired Southern California Edison executive, as CEO. ARES has raised $25 million as of July 2015.
ARES CEO James Kelly said, "The basic concept is how do I move mass with the force of gravity? It finally dawned on us to use 100-year-old technology, and that's electric railroads, and to add modern digital control systems to automate electric railroads for storage."
Francesca Cava, Chief Operating Officer of ARES, said, "Gravity energy storage has been around for a while but no one has thought of combining railway technology with it."
What is PSH?
Pumped-storage hydropower generates electricity by letting gravity drop the water from a high altitude to a low altitude spinning generators in its path. Credit: http://www.upsbatterycenter.com
Pumped-hydro facilities typically take advantage of natural topography, and are built around two reservoirs at different heights. Off-peak electricity is used to pump water from the lower to the higher reservoir, turning electrical energy into gravitational potential energy. When power is needed, water is released back down to the lower reservoir, spinning a turbine and generating electricity along the way. PSH accounts for more than 99% of bulk storage capacity worldwide: around 127,000 MW, according to the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), the research arm of America's power utilities.
ARES already has a prototype running in Tehachapi, California and is launching a full-scale project in the Carpenter Canyon area east of Pahrump, Nevada this year [2016]. On March 28, 2016, ARES announced that it had received a right-of-way lease of 106 acres of public land by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Angie Dykema, Director of the Nevada Governor's Office of Energy, said, "Creative solutions like ARES Nevada provide a more reliable and modern electric grid and help create an even cleaner energy future for our citizens."
This first full-scale setup can store up to 12.5 megawatt-hours (MWhr) of energy that can produce 50 megawatts (MW) at a moment's notice. As a rule of thumb, every MW is equivalent to 1000 homes; this is enough to power 50,000 homes for 15 minutes. Nevada is a particularly good place for ARES since its landscape features the long, gentle slopes the trains need to operate at peak efficiency. Based on results at the 800 feet long Tehachapi test facility, the trains run best on grades between 6% and 8% and at speeds between 16 and 20 mph. ARES has moved a 6.5 ton rail car up a 15-inch gauge track with energy produced by Tehachapi Mountain Wind Farm. In Nevada and other dry plains around the world, CEO Kelly expects to find slopes up to eight miles long. The longer the track, the more power the system can store.
What are the technical specifications of ARES?
ARES's technology uses heavy rail cars that are pushed to the top of a grade using excess power from renewable energy plants or when electricity demand is low. Then, when the wind drops, the sun stops shining, or electricity demand rises, the rail cars are released back down the hill, generating electricity through regenerative braking.
The cars are Australian ore trains with all extras stripped off, each one the equivalent of a 2 MW generator. When storing power, the trains haul 230 tons of rock and cement up a hill of about 3000 feet high. They can leave the loads at the top of the hill and go back down and get more, to increase capacity. When the system is not in use, fully loaded trains wait along the track. When power is needed, they start rolling downhill with the heavy load providing most of the inertia. The electric motor runs the other way, and power is transmitted to the grid. The system can ramp up in 5 to 10 seconds, which is not as fast as flywheels or batteries, but faster than a simple cycle gas turbine. If the system has to run for a long time, empty locomotives drive back up the hill on a second track and pick up a new load of stone.
What are the future plans and challenges present?
A pilot project in California demonstrates gravity storing excess electricity. Credit: ARES
ARES has eyes set to more ambitious goals. Most of the technology was already there, meaning it can be built with parts already mass-produced by the rail industry. Large systems will require multiple parallel tracks up to eight miles long. ARES has a round-trip efficiency of 85%, but the number can rise as the company optimizes its equipment. They expect to have an operational 50 MW project selling into the California grid's ancillary services market via the Valley Electric Association cooperative utility by the end of 2017. With a permit received, ARES is in partnership with Nevada's Valley Electric Association (VEA), the project would access the regional electrical grid through VEA owned and operated transmission facilities and receive and respond to commands from the regional transmission grid operative, California Independent System Operator (CAISO). ARES is growing as well — the ARES Nevada project will create 100 to 125 full-time local jobs during an eight month construction phase, and anticipates 16 full-time positions once in operation. The project's life is expected to span 40 years or more with only routine maintenance.
ARES is not just focused on Nevada. Currently, ARES is already under talks to build similar projects across the country — notably Hawaii, the northeast, and the southeast — and recently hosted an event where they talked to six different utility companies with promising results. States such as Hawaii have renewable goals they must reach and they cannot expect to reach them without energy storage pairing up with renewable energy. According to Francesca Cava, the limitation is not geography since the slope is much more gentle than most people expect. Immense flat plains like Kansas would not be ideal but even a slight slope enables the rail cars to be used. Internationally, Israel, China, and Europe have already expressed interest in ARES. Furthermore, ARES is not standing still with its technology. Aside from market expansion, it is also talking to European train designers to renovate their existing trains for the purpose of energy storage. Those trains such as the ones in Switzerland are much more efficient and can run at steeper grades than the basic ones ARES currently are using.
The biggest challenge facing ARES is not technological but financial. Energy storage is still in its nascent stages and ARES had to look for private investors. Francesca Cava noted that existing financial institutions don't support it but they will in the future with a storage energy purchase agreement, similar in format to the existing power purchase agreement (PPA) which the renewable industry has adopted.
Further information on ARES can be found by contacting Francesca Cava, Vice President of Operations, at francesca@aresnorthamerica.com or (805) 966-6312.
Press Release on March 28, 2016
Interview with Francesca Cava, COO of Advanced Rail Energy Storage (ARES), on March 25, 2016
http://s3.amazonaws.com/siteninja/site-ninja1-com/1406585308/original/PRESS_KIT_ARES_AUGUST2014.pdf
http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/infrastructure/a14956/forget-batteries-store-energy-in-trains/
http://www.aresnorthamerica.com/article/4875-advanced-rail-energy-storage-using-trains-to-store-power
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/energy-storage-hits-the-rails-out-west/
http://www.utilitydive.com/news/beyond-batteries-the-diverse-technologies-vying-for-the-bulk-storage-marke/405189/
http://www.aresnorthamerica.com/article/6993-ares-is-highlighted-in-local-santa-barbara-publication
http://www.psmag.com/nature-and-technology/a-low-tech-solution-to-a-hi-tech-problem-trains-that-generate-electricity
advanced rail energy storage, Angie Dykema, ARES, California Independent System Operator, energy storage, gravity, grid security, james kelly, Matt Brown, Pahrump, PPA, PSH, pumped hydro, pumped-storage hydropower, regenerative braking, Tehachapi, Tehachapi Mountain Wind Farm, Valley Electric Association, William Peitzke


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Metal Gear Solid V Ground Zeroes Pre-Order DLC
Deadly Kaiser March 13, 2014 2 min read
Konami has announced an exclusive pre-order DLC for its soon to be released Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes for PlayStation®4, PlayStation®3, Xbox One and Xbox 360, and released assets showing several key gameplay additions in action.
Releasing on March 18th, Konami has announced that anyone who pre-orders Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeros will receive exclusive content, including Mother Base Staff for use with Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain's Mother Base. The Mother Base is introduced during the events of Ground Zeroes but plays a central role in the forthcoming Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain.
The pre-order DLC codes will be provided by printed insert within physical copies of Ground Zeroes. Digital versions will access the pre-order DLC automatically upon loading The Phantom Pain. Once the DLC content is unlocked, users will have access to exclusive Mother Base items that will give Ground Zeroes users a key advantage when they embark on The Phantom Pain.
Konami has also detailed key links between Ground Zeroes and The Phantom Pain. Both released under Metal Gear Solid V Ground Zeroes sets up characters and content that will be further explored within The Phantom Pain.
Although details on The Phantom Pain's scenario are not revealed, any characters or POWs rescued within Ground Zeroes will be available within The Phantom Pain. Players will be able to use their save game from Ground Zeroes to establish a Mother Base in The Phantom Pain, actions made when rescuing hostages, POWs, and specific characters will all have important repercussions later on. More details to come!
Kojima Productions has also confirmed that all four versions of Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes will benefit from an accompanying iDROID App. Accessed by iOS, Android, and Smart Glass systems, the iDROID service acts as a second game screen and syncs with the main action. It can be used to show a map of the world and summon air support, while any cassettes found in the game can also be played via the App, and it will also show your global ranking in terms of mission success.
The iDROID provides the ability to build Mother Base. The Mother Base is an integral part of the iDROID App and works as a stand-alone game. Using iDROID, players can sync with Ground Zeroes, and work on their Mother Base while on the road or listen to music and intel contained on cassette tapes found in the main game.
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High-Density Bipolar 3 (HDB3), ou Modified AMI Code, est un système de codage de circuit PRI et de circuit E-carrier utilisé en Amérique du Sud, en Afrique, en Europe et en Australie.

L'accès PRI en amérique du nord est basé sur un circuit T1.

Deux méthodes sont utilisées :
 AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) ;
 B8ZS (Binary 8 with zero substitution).

Exemple de codage en C :
int main(void){
	int code[T]={1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0};
	int P[T]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
	int N[T]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
	int volt=-1;
	int viol=-1;
	int nbzero=0;
	int n=0;
	int incremente;

	puts("Entrez votre n (HdBn)) >=2");
	do{
		scanf("%i",&n);
	}
	while(n<2);

	for(incremente=0;incremente<T;incremente++){
		if(code[incremente]==1){
			if(volt==-1){
				P[incremente]=1;
				volt=1;
			}
			else{
				N[incremente]=1;
				volt=-1;
			}
			nbzero=0;
		}
		else{
			nbzero++;
			if(nbzero==n+1){
				hdbn(incremente,code,P,N,&volt,&viol,n);
				nbzero=0;
			}
		}
	}

	for(incremente=0;incremente<T;incremente++){
		printf("%i ",P[incremente]-1*N[incremente]);
	}

	printf("\n");

	return 0;
}

int reset(int P[T],int N[T]){
	int volt;
	int i;
	for(i=0;i<T;i++){
		P[i]=0;
		N[i]=0;
	}
	volt=-1;
	return volt;
}

int hdbn(int incremente, int code[T], int P[T], int N[T], int* volt, int* viol, int n){
	if(*viol==1){
		if(*volt==1){
			N[incremente-n]=1;
			N[incremente]=1;
			*volt=-1;
			*viol=-1;
		}
		else{
			N[incremente]=1;
			*volt=-1;
			*viol=-1;
		}
	}
	else{
		if(*volt==1){
			P[incremente]=1;
			*viol=1;
			*volt=1;
		}
		else{
			P[incremente-n]=1;
			P[incremente]=1;
			*viol=1;
			*volt=1;
		}
	}
}

Codage en ligne


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Upgrading your gutter system is the easiest way to ensure your gutters last decades, instead of just years. At North Shore Home Services, we offer regular gutter maintenance and inspection programs as well, to keep your gutters clog free, and to further deter overflowing corners, incorrect sloping, and leaks. Our repairs include resealing leaks, reattaching downpipes, re-sloping gutter lengths, and replacing gutter lengths.Need more info on Ladner gutter cleaning and repair services?
Professional window cleaning will help keep your windows sparkling clean on the inside and outside, so you always have a fantastic view of the outdoors. North Shore Home Services also offers cleaning of other glass surfaces: solariums, skylights, French doors, mirrors, shower doors, and more!Need more info on our Ladner window cleaning services?
Roof cleaning can include removing moss with a stiff-bristled broom, steam-cleaning away algae stains, removing loose debris, or power washing the whole roof. No matter what your roof needs in maintenance, we can help. We also offer a moss control program to remove moss, with moss inhibitor application to deter regrowth.Need more info on our Ladner roof cleaning and moss removal services?
Let us brighten up your home! Our power washing can remove algae on siding, oil stains on driveways and walkways, moss on cement grounds, and dirt on any exterior surface. After power washing or steam cleaning, a surface is nearly brought back to its original finish. We also offer steam cleaning and soft washes to cover delicate and aged surfaces.Need more info on our Ladner steam cleaning or power washing services?
Our crews can paint any surface! We show up, use drop sheets to protect your investment, and leave not showing a trace we were there other than a freshly coated, and painted surface. Ask us about recaulking around windows, or even sealing that nice aggregate stone driveway after it has been cleaned. We offer exterior painting services in Tsawwassen for wood, stucco, and concrete surfaces.Need more info on our painting services in Ladner?


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On a Hallowed Hill
by Torchbearer Staff September 9, 2019
From early classrooms to our first cheerleader, take a look at these snapshots of life at the university.
The marching band began in 1869 as a corps of cadets. By 1899, the band had 16 members who practiced daily and performed in a weekly dress parade at Wait Field.
The College of Nursing was founded in 1971 after a state survey showed a need for a nursing school. The first students seeking bachelor's degrees were enrolled a year later and by 1974, it was the largest nursing program in the state and received its first accreditation.
The Tennessee Legislature authorized UT's creation in Tullahoma of a separate graduate Space Institute offering master's and doctoral degrees. UTSI began offering graduate coursework in aerospace engineering in 1964, as a branch of the College of Engineering.
The School of Mechanic Arts, Mining, and Engineering was first organized at East Tennessee University in 1877, offering courses in mechanical and mining engineering.
The first yearbook was called the Volunteer and published in 1897 despite a fire that destroyed the copy and printing plates in the print shop. Pictured are the yearbook editors from 1897.
Smokey II was dognapped from his home by Kentucky students posing as members of the UT Pep Club who needed him for photos. He was returned to his owners eight days later, before the kickoff of the Kentucky game. Smokey II also had a clash with the Baylor University bear during halftime at the 1957 Sugar Bowl.
In 1928 UT's School of Information Sciences was founded, 74 years before it merged with the College of Communication in 2002.
After the School of Education became a college in 1926, it merged with the College of Human Ecology in 1987 and became the College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences in 2002.
Robert Clayton "Red" Matthews, professor of drawing and machine design, became UT's first cheerleader in 1907. He also wrote UT's fight song, "Down the Field."
The College of Liberal Arts was founded in 1905 and renamed the College of Arts and Sciences 89 years later in 1994.
Women were admitted to UT on an equal footing with men beginning in 1893, after the board of trustees approved co-education. Pictured is women in a 1905 liberal arts class.
In 1903, women played their first intercollegiate basketball game at UT. Competitive team sports had become part of the UT women's athletic program around 1900, despite reservations that they were too demanding for the "delicate female condition." Basketball, sometimes played under distinctly different rules, became the first women's varsity sport.
Images courtesy of UT Libraries
This story is part of the University of Tennessee's 225th anniversary celebration. Volunteers light the way for others across Tennessee and throughout the world.
Learn more about UT's 225th anniversary
ArtCollege of Communication and InformationCollege of NursingCollege of Social WorkDepartment of MathematicsLady Vols basketballPride of the Southland Marching BandSmokeyTickle College of Engineering


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16 Pop Culture Pool Parties That Are Inspiring Our Summer Fun
By Natalie Maggiore | June 23, 2019
There are so many things to love about summer. The warm sunny days, being able to go outside in shorts and flip flops comfortably and, best of all, pool parties. They set the scene for a great summer, and we absolutely love them. Sure, the beach is great, and we all love to run through a sprinkler or slip n' slide every now and then, but there's nothing like a pool party to celebrate the end of school, a birthday, a well-deserved destination vacation or, you know, just because. We'd be lying if we said all those trips to the gym this winter and spring weren't just us getting ready to make whirlpools with our friends, play hours of Marco Polo or show off on the diving board at the local aquatic center. Pool party summer fun is always where our heads are at.
And what better place to find inspiration for your next big splash than pop culture? Movies and TV shows have delivered us some of the most iconic pool party scenes, and for that, we're forever thankful. From choreographed dance numbers to bursting romances, learning life lessons, and everything in between, Hollywood's biggest stars have given us ideas for more than just what pool floats and swimsuits we need to make an appearance at our next big event. Check out our list of 16 of our favorite pop culture pool party moments to help you get ready for your summer fun.
It was physically impossible for us to not start this list off with High School Musical 2. Can we find better pool party vibes? Probably not. Between Sharpay's incredible pink-piano-in-the-pool "Fabulous" moment and the final party featuring incredible choreography by the Kenny Ortega to "All For One," not to mention Troy and Gabriella's late-night pool escapades, this movie has a pool party for everyone, even surprise guest Miley Cyrus. We're going to need one of our friends to take one for the team and get a job at the local country club so we can have lavish parties all summer long too. Any takers?
We can't help but love the Riverdale episode, "Chapter 36: Labor Day," for so many reasons, but the pool party is definitely number one. After a long summer of, well, living in Riverdale, the gang gets together to celebrate as another year of school (and other very big problems) is just around the corner. We love the idea of getting everyone together for one big hoorah to celebrate the good times and try to forget all about the crazy. Veronica Lodge, Betty Cooper and, of course, Cheryl Blossom know how to seriously serve summer lewks, and we hope our friends are down to do the same with us when we get everyone together for a bash.
It should go as no surprise that Leonardo DiCaprio knows how to throw a party. We all know and love the typical pool party schedule: fun games in the pool, grilled hot dogs and hamburgers, and pop music on the speaker. But when it comes to really throwing an all-out banger, The Great Gatsby sets the record. Starting with the lavish mansion and ending with a pool full of streamers as Beyoncé plays definitely sets the tone. We're not sure where we're finding this kind of luxurious pool party this summer, but we're praying we do. And if not, well, catch us throwing confetti into our kiddie pools and soaking in the sogginess anyways.
For those of us who don't actually get a full summer break (ugh), we're taking a day off to bring the pool party to work and vice versa. Who says you can't have some summer fun with your co-workers right? And who better to inspire us to do this than the ever-lovable cast of The Office? In the aptly-named season eight episode "Pool Party," Robert throws one last party before he puts his home up for sale, and the Dunder Mifflin employees definitely take advantage. Between games of chicken, dunking each other and making romantic interests jealous, everyone has a great time, and we're hoping our co-workers are down to do the same.
Dirty Grandpa
If anyone knows how to put the 'party' in 'pool party,' it's Zac Efron. He makes our list for the second time with his movie, Dirty Grandpa, and for good reason. Who wouldn't want to play flip cup with Zac and Robert DeNiro? We can't think of anyone who'd say no to this. Sometimes, pool parties take a turn for the wild, and we're here for it. We're down to have a good time as long as no one gets arrested or has a heart attack, and we'll even considering inviting our own grandparents if it turns out at fun and crazy as this party. ZEfron is our biggest pool party inspo, and we're not mad about it.
It's no surprise that the Gossip Girl addition to our list comes in with some warnings. We love, for the most part, the fun pool party vibes we get in the first season's last episode, "School Lies," though we're not crazy about the whole accident and possible school expulsion follow-up. GG gives us big pool party inspiration when they get all their classmates together for a night of fun, and we can't help but think it looks like a great time. No, we're not suggesting you break into your school pool — at least we can't say that's what we're encouraging — but we do think you should get all your buddies together for a fun night swim. Night time pool parties: big yes. Getting arrested: big no. This rule can probably be applied to most of Serena Van Der Woodsenand Chuck Bass ideas, but we trust you'll do the right thing.
Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy
Will Ferrell is definitely our idea of a great pool party (or any party, for that matter) host. We'd love to be invited to this Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy party, and we're glad we have it for inspiration for our next summer get together. Fresh drinks, robes and a dog that can eat a whole wheel of cheese? Check. We're loving these '70s vibes, and we think our next pool party could definitely use a decade theme. Extra points to anyone that brings a jazz flute or a projector so we can watch Christina Applegate do her broadcasting thing while we happily float.
We are obsessed, OBSESSED, with the Shrill episode "Pool" more than we can say. In the series' fourth episode of its groundbreaking first season, Saturday Night Live star Aidy Bryant goes to a "Fat Babe Pool Party" and slowly but surely releases her inhibitions and insecurities and joins in on the dancing and swimming fun. We firmly believe that every body is a beach (read: pool) body, and we want everyone to feel welcome and comfortable to have a great time at whatever bash we're throwing or attending. Our pool parties are for every single person no matter their size, shape, color, gender, etc., and that's the that on that.
We have many dreams, and one of them is to build our own giant pool oasis to share with our best friends and family à la The Emperor's New Groove. When Kuzco first pitched Kuzcotopia, we had some major qualms. You can't just drop an entire water park on somebody's house, dude! But, by the end of the movie, it all works out and he has the pool party of a lifetime with the entire neighborhood and his best friend, Pacha. We love a good character development almost as much as well the idea of turning our neighborhood into a pool party extravaganza. Why not get the whole block involved right? We'd love to set up a pool hop around the town and get everyone in on the fun.
Sometimes you just need to take matters into your own hands, and sometimes 'matters' translates loosely to building a pool in your backyard. The stars of Shameless are often known for doing what they want when they want, and that's the vibe we're aiming for this summer. Would we be able to get away with building a pool in our parents' backyard? We're not so sure, but we're willing to give it a try. Frank Gallagher didn't have much say in what was going on, nor did he really notice, to be fair, and we're hoping our family will be as chill on this one. We have a couple of neighbors we can borrow hoses from, plenty of siblings to help with the building and friends that will join in on the fun. Is it worth the cost, labor, and risk? You bet.
Meet the Parents
There are a number of ways to spice up a pool party, and adding a little competition is one of them. In Meet the Parents, Ben Stiller gets roped into a volleyball match that goes array, and we love every minute of it. Why not add a couple friendly games of volleyball, basketball, tag or anything you can think of really to liven up the party? It's even more fun when family gets involved. At least, for Robert De Niro it is. Adding some structured activity to a pool party can bring everyone together, and we're definitely thinking about incorporating it into our future pool parties. Talk about host of the year award!
Big Mouth always hits it right on the nose, and they keep it going with this season two pool party. Andrew Glouberman can't keep his eyes of bestie Nick Birch's sister, Leah Birch, Jay Bilzerian is absolutely failing at pool basketball, the boys are gossiping about their summer loves and Nick's parents are watching the whole thing. We love how exactly right this show gets casual pool parties. Not all our days in the pool are going to be bangers. Sometimes the best pool parties are the ones where you get to hang around relaxing with friends, goof off, be awkward and have fun.
The Edge of Seventeen
If three is a crowd, then two is definitely a pool party. Because who said pool parties have to be big right? Take it from this The Edge of Seventeen scene where Hailee Steinfeld and Hayden Szeto have a pool party for two. We can't get over the romantic tension in this scene (or the extra large pool), and we have to admit that pool parties are a great place to fall in love, even if it takes until our fingers are pruned. This pool party is great inspiration for our next date night or maybe a romance-fueled scheme or two. Everything is a pool party if you try hard enough!
High School Musical already proved that choreography at a pool party can really up the mood, but we're going to need some more, er, easily performable moves. Caddyshack delivers big time in that category with a couple minutes of incredible synchronized swimming. We love the idea of creating a group dance number with twists and turns and a touch of ironically classical music. Let's be real. We've been making up dances with our friends since grade school. So, why not translate them into some water aerobics? This scene is perfect inspiration for the next pool party activity, and we can't wait to try it out.
Liberty Films
We're throwing it back for the penultimate item on our list. It might be a classic Christmas movie — but that doesn't mean It's a Wonderful Life doesn't give us some serious pool party inspiration. When George Bailey follows his little brother to prom and winds up dancing with future-wife Mary, a jealous suitor opens the gym room floor so that George and Mary will fall into the pool beneath the court during the dance competition. What they didn't see coming is that onlookers seeing how much fun George and Mary were having would jump on in, too, and the prom would become a pool party! If only our proms were the same. It looked like a ball!
Island World
We are of course ending our list with none other than The Sandlot. It's unfortunate and unfair that not all of us get to own a pool, but sometimes it works out for the best. Some of the best days, and best pool parties are those that take place at the public pool, surrounded by friends, neighbors, and — duh! — hot lifeguards. Whether it's for an official event like a birthday party or just another day where the temperature is happily above 75 degrees, hitting the local pool is always sure to be a good time. We love the idea of rounding up everyone for a day of fun in the sun, making new friends and falling in love at the local haunt, and we're always counting down the hours until the gate opens each morning.
Related ItemsBig MouthDisneygalleryGossip GirlHigh School Musicalnetflixpool partiespool partyRiverdaleShamelessshrillSummerThe OfficeZac Efron
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Orient School District No. 65 is a Washington State K-8 public school.
We have a comprehensive learning community in that we provide services to our families through a 21st CCLC (Century Community Learning Center) grant. With this grant, we have provided G.E.D. classes to our families; have provided and continue to provide many outreach programs such as Open Gym nights, Strengthening Families classes and Parents As Partners monthly meetings.
Our small teaching staff (5) fulltime teachers has 94 years of teaching experience, combined, and 7 years of administrative experience. All of our teachers have their Master's Degree in Education, and 75% of our teachers are National Board Certified Teachers.
Staff and students know if their learning time is to be optimized, there must be efforts made each day to teach and reinforce an environment encouraging the qualities of kindness, honesty, respect, and cooperation.
For over one hundred years, the Orient School students continue the tradition of engaging in hard work and high standards to reach their potential in academic achievement. Courtesy, and an appropriate dress code, are stressed. In our school family, the older children assist the younger children, when needed, at lunch and at recess times. This makes our school unique!
Parents, teaching staff, and students have many opportunities to be involved in school functions, school curriculum selection and implementation, volunteerism, after school activities, and field trips.Everyone makes an effort to provide parents with a safe and nurturing school community where their children can obtain a quality education.
All of the Orient School Highly Qualified teaching staff is currently participating, or have already achieved, National Board Teaching Certification. Their passion, expertise, and achievements in increasing student achievement are well known throughout the state.
From pre-school to eighth grade, from special needs to the gifted and talented, all Orient School students are instructed with Spalding Integrated Language Arts, Saxon Math, and the Core Knowledge series. All curriculums are designed to build upon previously learned knowledge while using effective teaching practices.
A Washington State Arts Commission (WSAC) grant allows for Teaching Artists to work in tandem with the classroom teachers to expand the students' knowledge in the visual and performing arts.
A 21st Century Community Learning Center grant allows our after-school program Expanding Children's Horizons and Opportunities (ECHO) to offer homework help, enrichment activities, and field trips which are already being scheduled for the coming school year.
We are very proud of the accomplishments of our alumni and celebrate a high percentage of students who achieve high school honor roll status and continue their education by attending college and trade schools.
One of the other distinguishing characteristics of the Orient School District, is the positive relationship that exists between the school district and the surrounding community. Local businesses, government officials, and non-profit organizations often step up to the plate to cheer on students, to assist parents, and to celebrate teachers.