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Anthony Murphy
University Lecturer, Freelance Copywriter and Essayist
About Anthony Murphy
The Differences Between Stories That Are In The Public Interest And Those That Are Of Interest To The Public
November 14, 2013 EssayAnthony Murphy
This essay will compare, contrast and discuss the differences between public interest journalism and journalism that is of interest to the public. The essay will attempt to decipher where the lines of the two aforementioned concepts become opaque whilst at the same time, acknowledging the mutual interest of the necessity to public knowledge and gratuitous salacity.
Journalism that is in the public interest is the fundamental backbone to a functioning democracy. In theory, public interest journalism is an inestimable aide in maintaining the accountability of people who work in the field of crown approved authority or of senior figures in private sector enterprise. A Celebrated practitioner of investigative journalism such as Veronica Guerin (1958-1996) was, amongst others, a beacon of public interest journalism. She investigated political malpractice, high ranking criminals and the occasional blurred lines between the two.
Veronica Guerin was murdered in June 1996 due to her fearless exposure and relentless investigation of senior figures in the Dublin underworld. Her death resulted in the incumbent Taoiseach, John Bruton, calling her slaying "an attack on democracy" (Collings: 2001, 61). Her work was a combination of public interest and interest to the public. The general public enjoy reading investigative crime reporting, in a similar way that they enjoy reading about sexual indiscretion. Unlike most stories concerning sexual practice, Guerin's genre of journalism was of a genuine public interest. Her tenacious inquiries into the practices of notorious Dublin figures like Martin Cahill and John Gilligan were of a great inconvenience to both of them. Gilligan in particular went to the extent of threatening to "sexually assault her young son if she didn't back off". (Good: 2008, 129). When Guerin was murdered, the public outcry was of such magnitude as to lead almost immediately to the Criminal Justice Act of 1996 (Drug Trafficking), ratified in the Dail five weeks after her death.
Veronica's martyrdom has not been in vain. Her death was a wake up call that has inspired citizens to action. People countrywide have been putting pressure on the Government to empower the Gardai and the courts even further. Never in the history of Ireland has legislation been enacted as swiftly as this crime bill was (Sager: 2003, 98)
The work and fate of Veronica Guerin was as powerful a testament to strength of investigative and public interest journalism as could possibly occur.
The classic example of the blurred lines of public interest journalism and journalism that is of interest to the public is a News of the World story which "broke in June 1963 that was to prove a watershed in British newspaper history" (de Burgh: 2008, 321). This is now colloquially known as the Profumo scandal and the ramifications of the exposé were of such profundity, as to inadvertently lead to the resignation of the UK Prime Minister, Harold Macmillan, three months after Profumo's admission of culpability. For the News of the World, a paper that had historically leant towards scandalous revelation, this story was perfect. A member of cabinet who was having an extramarital affair would have been a substantial story in itself. The fact that John Profumo was having a sexual liaison with a woman who was simultaneously sexually entertaining a Russian naval attaché, during the height of the cold war, gave the perfect ingredients for a story which was of both in the public interest and also provided an interest to the public. Such was the suspicion in Western Society in the era of the Profumo scandal of any senior figures in the Russian empire and the potential compromising of national security, the story was in the public interest. The fact that the story also revealed that a senior politician could be susceptible to the same lascivious desires as everybody else, provided mass titillation to an audience that expected more wholesome behaviour from a man of his social standing.
In March 2008, The News of the World lead with a story which claimed that head of Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile, Max Moseley, had a "sick Nazi orgy with five hookers" (Petley: 2013, 68) and had also indulged in sadomasochistic practices. In the parliamentary Joint Committee on Privacy and Injunctions of 2012, it was stated that "Witnesses did not think the commercial viability of the press was a valid factor in determining public interest in stories. Max Moseley thought that is should never be a consideration as the idea of breaching someone's privacy, with all the pain it can cause, for commercial gain is abhorrent and inhumane" (Moseley: 2012, 26). When Justice David Eady awarded Moseley £60,000 of damages in 2009, during his summary he said that "there was no public interest or other justification for the clandestine recording, for the publication of the resulting information" (Steel: 2012, 95). The News of the World had great difficulty in using the public interest argument for their revelations of Moseley's sexual practices. Unlike Profumo, his senior position at the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile was not compromised by his behaviour. He was not found to be in the thrall of a potential blackmail nor was anybody else coming to any harm or distress by his private activity. It is very difficult to ascertain what the public interest was into Moseley's activities apart from its obvious salacity.
An argument frequently used by the press for revelation of prominent sports figures private activities is that of their status of being media appointed role models. In recent times, John Terry, Wayne Rooney and Ryan Giggs have obtained super injunctions over extra marital liasons they were conducting away from their respective partners when they realised that the press were about to reveal them. Whatever the moral positions of Terry, Rooney or Giggs are in their activities, the public interest into what they are doing in their free time is debatable unless it is illegal or compromises their professional integrity. In all three cases, there was found to be nothing illegal and there was no corruption, or even a suggestion of corruption occurring. That the three figures were (and indeed are) famous sportsmen who draw an immense amount of admiration from young people is not disputed. However, the use of the role model argument by the mass media as their reason for revelation of their behaviour can be viewed by some as spurious. Whilst it is established that they were neither breaking the law or professionally compromised, the question must be asked as to why it is in the public interest to reveal what the figures do for enjoyment in their none vocational time.
Ultimately people are interested in what can be labelled soft news, which is why the public interest argument about the lifestyles of famous figures is used by the press. The fact that The News of the World was by some distance the most popularly read newspaper in the UK prior to its demise in 2011 is testament to that argument. "The most popular journalism remains that which taps into human conflict, true crimes and scandalous disclosure" (Hartley: 2009, 313), all written and revealed under the veneer of public interest. The News of the World however were not shy of getting involved in hard news. They "spearheaded a campaign which called for Sarah's law, a law that would give all parents controlled access to the offender's register" (Marsh & Melville: 2009, 111). This campaign was aggressively pursued by the paper's editor Rebekah Brooks (nee Wade) who "vowed to name and shame any politician who impedes her newspaper's crusade for tougher laws against paedophiles." (BBC: 2000) At a time of extreme emotion over the death of seven year old girl, The News of the World created a popular campaign for legislation over information about sexual offenders, even though there was no evidence of there being any sexual assault on Sarah Payne. It could be argued that the threat to name and shame any MP who opposed the scheme at a time of such high emotion was undemocratic. With the introduction of Section 235(2) of the Criminal Justice Act 2003, more informally known as 'Sarah's Law', the News of the World campaign for legislation was ultimately successful as according to home office statistics, it "had saved 208 youngsters in its first year" (Daily Telegraph: 2012)
This essay focussed primarily on the activities of Veronica Guerin and the now defunct News of the World. Guerin's work could have fitted snugly into the remit of the News of the World's genre of reporting without alienating the paper's core demographic. Despite that observation, there were substantial differences in the reporting style of Guerin and the one that was found to be the modus operandi of the News of the World when it abruptly ceased publication in July 2011. What both Guerin and The News of the World do have in common is that their impact dramatically changed their immediate environments, both while they practiced their trades and also in the immediate and long standing wake of their respective passing.
Literary sources
Barnhurst, K and Noone, J Handbook Of Journalism Studies, The (2009) Oxford: Routledge
Bruton, John in Collings, Anthony (2001) Words of Fire: Independent Journalists Who Challenge Dictators, Drug Lords and Other Enemies of a Free Press, New York:New York University Press
de Burgh, Hugo (2008) Investigative Journalism, Oxford: Routledge
Good, Howard (2008) Journalism Ethics Goes to the Movies, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Hartley, John in Handbook of Journalism Studies, The (2009) Oxford: Routledge
Marsh, Ian & Melville, Gaynor Crime, Justice and the Media (2009) Oxon: Routledge
Petley, Julian Media And Public Shaming: Drawing The Boundaries Of Disclosure (2013) London: J.B.Taurus & Co Ltd
Sager, Mike Scary Monsters and Super Freaks (2003) New York: Avalon Publishing
Steel, John Journalism and Free Speech (2012) Oxon: Routledge
Electronic Sources
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/866397.stm (Retrieved 11.30AM 28/10/2013)
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/9185638/Sarahs-Law-saves-200-children-government-says.html (Retrieved 11.40AM 28/10/2013)
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Though we've innately known it for some time, scientists are now declaring the harmful effects of using chimpanzees in movies and television — not just for the chimpanzees, but for humans, too.
When chimps are anthropomorphized and depicted as engaging in human behaviors (buying insurance, eating sandwiches, driving cars, etc.), people are more likely to believe that chimpanzees are not endangered and that wild populations are steady and healthy. They also may start to think that chimpanzees are suitable "pets."
Last year, scientists at the University of Chicago presented pictures of chimpanzees to more than 500 test subjects, and then asked whether they thought chimpanzees were endangered and whether they would make good pets. Each subject received one picture, which varied in its content. They showed chimpanzees wearing clothes, standing next to people, in office settings, or in zoos. Among the test subjects, those who had seen a picture of the chimpanzee accompanied by a human were 35 percent more likely to believe that chimpanzee populations are healthy and stable.
That belief couldn't be further from the truth. Chimpanzees are an endangered species. They already have disappeared from three African countries. With fewer than 300,000 remaining in the wild, chimpanzee populations are greatly at risk. They are threatened by poaching, habitat loss, disease and wildlife trafficking.
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Balkans | Serbian leader Vucic: I ask NATO to protect the Serbs in Kosovo
Home » Balkans | Serbian leader Vucic: I ask NATO to protect the Serbs in Kosovo
Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic asked NATO to protect Serbs in Kosovo.
In the capital, Belgrade, Vucic received Admiral Stewart Benjamin Munch, commander of the Allied joint forces in Naples, and Slovenian Foreign Minister Tanja Vagon, and briefed the authorities on the recent tensions with Kosovo.
In a statement on his social media account, Vucic said, "We had a very good meeting with Admiral Munch. I ask NATO to protect the Serbs in Kosovo. I also want to thank them for their understanding of Serbia's position on military neutrality." Use phrases.
Vucic also stated that they will continue to increase their cooperation with Slovenia in the field of economy and said: "I gave Vagon information about developments in Kosovo. Thanks Slovenia for supporting Serbia's EU membership process." Use phrases.
Vagon also stated that they will always support Serbia on their way to the European Union and said: "I believe that the dialogue process between Belgrade and Pristina, mediated by the European Union, is the best way to solve problems." He rated it.
Tensions between Kosovo and Serbia
Tensions between Kosovo and Serbia escalate after the arrest of former Serbian police officer Dejan Pantec.
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Judge Approves Legal Agreement to Extend Ban on Unmanaged Target Shooting in Los Padres National Forest
In Response to ForestWatch Lawsuit, Forest Service Issues Moratorium to Address Wildlife, Trash, Contamination, and Public Safety Hazards at More than 100 Informal Shooting Sites in the Forest; Officials to Conduct New Evaluation of Target Shooting's Impact on Endangered Species in the Forest
Los Angeles, Calif. – The U.S. Forest Service and a Santa Barbara-based conservation group have formally agreed to take a series of steps aimed at reducing the impacts of target shooting throughout the Los Padres National Forest in central California. The agreement – approved in U.S. District Court yesterday – resolves a 2018 lawsuit challenging the agency's failure to address the proliferation of litter, soil and water contamination, wildfires, vandalism, harm to endangered wildlife, and other environmental and public safety hazards caused by decades of unmanaged target shooting across nearly two million acres of national forest land.
Under the agreement, the Forest Service will prepare detailed studies and consult with federal wildlife agencies to assess and reduce the impacts of target shooting on rare and endangered plants and animals, such as the California condor, California red-legged frog, southern mountain buckwheat, and Kern mallow. The agreement also provides for a temporary ban on target shooting and requires the Forest Service to notify the public about the closure, to post signs at shooting sites, and to take other steps to enforce the ban on target shooting.
"Our public lands have suffered from decades of litter, vandalism, natural resource damage, and unsafe conditions caused by unregulated target shooting," said Los Padres ForestWatch executive director Jeff Kuyper. "This agreement will make our public lands cleaner and safer places for everyone to visit, will better protect rare plants and animals, and will allow shooters to continue practicing their marksmanship at designated, well-managed sites."
"The Forest Service promised to close the Los Padres National Forest to unrestricted target shooting almost fifteen years ago," said Earthrise Legal Fellow Kathryn Roberts. "We hope that the temporary closure required by this agreement will demonstrate that the forest can, as a practical matter, be closed permanently to unregulated target shooting and that such a closure would greatly benefit the forest's native plants and wildlife and those who enjoy recreating in the Forest responsibly."
"Unregulated target shooting poses a major threat to sensitive species, including the California condor," said Maggie Hall, Staff Attorney at the Environmental Defense Center. "We applaud the Forest Service for complying with the important Endangered Species Act consultation process, designed to prevent harm to these species and their habitat."
The lawsuit was filed in August 2018 by the nonprofit conservation group Los Padres ForestWatch to improve the management of target shooting in the Los Padres National Forest. The suit alleges violations of the National Forest Management Act and the Endangered Species Act, and seeks to enforce a permanent ban on unmanaged target shooting that the Forest Service approved in 2005, but never implemented. ForestWatch is represented by the Earthrise Law Center in Portland, Oregon and the Environmental Defense Center in Santa Barbara, California.
The ban only applies to unmanaged target shooting. Legal hunting with a valid license is not affected, and target shooting can continue at the Ojai Valley Gun Club and the Winchester Canyon Gun Club, both of which are staffed and operated by nonprofit organizations permitted by the U.S. Forest Service.
Three other national forests in southern California have similar, permanent, bans in place. The Angeles, San Bernardino, and Cleveland National Forests have prohibited target shooting outside of formally-designated shooting sites for decades.
In addition to the two permitted shooting sites in the Los Padres National Forest that remain open, shooters can practice their marksmanship at more than two dozen indoor and outdoor ranges located throughout the area. An interactive map of these ranges can be viewed at LPFW.org/where-to-shoot or www.wheretoshoot.org courtesy of the National Shooting Sports Foundation.
According to the Forest Service website, "Law Enforcement Officers will be strictly enforcing this Forest Order in all areas of the Forest." Individuals cited for violating the ban will face a mandatory appearance in U.S. District Court, where the judge can levy fines of up to $5,000 and/or six months in jail. Visitors who observe illegal target shooting should immediately contact 311 to file a report that will be relayed to Forest Service law enforcement officers and the local sheriff.
A ban on "dispersed" target shooting in the Los Padres National Forest was first adopted in 2005, when the Forest Service updated its management plan for the area. In approving the new plan, Regional Forester Bernie Weingardt stated:
The Los Padres National Forest has been historically open to recreational target shooting except where prohibited by closure order; however, with increasing numbers of national forest users, concerns for public health and safety, resource damage to areas where the activity has been concentrated, and the documentation of numerous wildland fires that have been caused by recreational target shooting, the Los Padres National Forest intends to develop a Forest closure order based on Standard S36 in Part 3 of the forest plan. This means the Los Padres National Forest will generally be closed to recreational target shooting except where it is allowed in designated open areas and ranges. The ranges are specific sites that are managed under special-use authorizations. This is not new in southern California. The other three southern California national forests (the Angeles, the Cleveland, and the San Bernardino National Forests) have restricted recreational target shooting to designated areas. Because of its rural character, the Los Padres National Forest has not seen the need to implement this strategy until now. As the population continues to grow and recreation demand increases, I must manage shooting in a way that provides for public health and safety and protects the forest environment. Shooting associated with hunting is not affected and will continue as in the past.
But in the decade following, the ban was not implemented. A 2016 report by Los Padres ForestWatch – a local nonprofit organization that protects the Los Padres National Forest—found nearly one hundred informal shooting sites throughout the forest. The report—Forest in the Crosshairs: The Environmental and Health Impacts of Target Shooting in the Los Padres National Forest—revealed large amounts of trash at these sites, along with dozens of trees left dead or dying from repeated shooting. Televisions, computer monitors, refrigerators, microwaves, and other household appliances were frequently used as targets, contaminating nearby soils and waterways with toxic heavy metals. The report also found numerous shooting sites within the forest near known nesting or roosting sites for the California condor, an endangered species whose recovery is especially threatened by lead poisoning from bullets. Shooting-related vandalism was also recorded at public restrooms and trailhead signs, costing tens of thousands of taxpayer dollars to repair.
The Forest in the Crosshairs report also noted that target shooting has caused at least 53 wildfires in the Los Padres National Forest during the past 25 years, scorching a combined 74,478 acres of forestland according to official Forest Service data.
The Forest Service refused to implement its own target shooting ban, and ForestWatch outlined the agency's legal responsibilities in an October 2017 letter. When forest officials took no action, ForestWatch filed suit ten months later in August 2018. The suit – Los Padres ForestWatch v. U.S. Forest Service – was filed in U.S. District Court in Los Angeles. The lawsuit sought to require implementation of the decade-old ban, and challenged federal wildlife agencies' continued reliance on a ban that was never implemented to ensure adequate protection of endangered species in the Forest.
Los Padres ForestWatch is a community-supported nonprofit organization that works to protect the Los Padres National Forest and other public lands throughout California's central coast region. Our programs safeguard wildlife, wilderness landscapes, and free-flowing rivers while promoting sustainable outdoor recreation and inspiring the next generation to become caretakers of our shared public lands.
Earthrise Law Center is the environmental legal clinic at Lewis & Clark Law School in Portland, Oregon. Earthrise provides legal services for nonprofit conservation organizations across the country in virtually the entire spectrum of environmental and natural resources law, from protecting endangered species and ecosystems to preventing and reducing air and water pollution. Earthrise is a team of impassioned attorneys and staff working to achieve targeted environmental improvement while teaching the next generation of advocates to do the same.
The Environmental Defense Center protects and enhances the local environment through education, advocacy, and legal action and works primarily within Santa Barbara, Ventura and San Luis Obispo counties. Since 1977, EDC has empowered community-based organizations to advance environmental protection. EDC's focus areas include protection of the Santa Barbara Channel, ensuring clean water, preserving open space and wildlife, and addressing climate and energy.


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Q: Proof: product of σ-algebras in separable metric spaces Let $(X_1, d_1)$,..., $(X_n, d_n)$ be separable metric spaces, and define $X = X_1 \times ... \times X_n$ to be the produce space with the metric
$$d((x_1,...,x_n),(y_1,...,y_n)) = \sqrt{d_1^2 (x_1,y_1)+...+ d_n^2 (x_n, y_n)}$$
Prove that $\mathcal{B}(X) = \mathcal{B}(X_1) \times...\times\mathcal{B}(X_n)$
Some toolsets I have are:
Definition: The $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{F}_1 \times ... \times \mathcal{F}_n$ is defined as the minimal $\sigma$-algebra which contains all the sets of the form $A_1 \times ... \times  A_n$, where $A_i \in \mathcal{F}_i , 1 \leq i \leq n$.
If $X$ is separable, then any open set can be represented as a countable union of open balls. Thus, for a separable space $X$, we could define the Borel  $\sigma$-algebra  of $X$ as  $\sigma (\mathcal{A})$, with $\mathcal{A}$ being the family of all open balls.

A: This is actually true for countably infinite product of separable spaces with the suitable product metric defined by it. Explicitly if the metrics on $X_{i}$ are $d_{i}$ , then (one such) product metric(a metric which induces the product topology) is given by $\displaystyle d(x,y)=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{2^{i}}\frac{d_{i}(x,y)}{1+d_{i}(x,y)}$
Note that for the finite case, the euclidean metric is itself is enough to induce the product topology .
If you are comfortable with topology, then it is best to consider a topological proof.
Some notation:- I prefer the "tensor" notation for the product $\sigma$-algebra as it distinguishes from the mere cartesian product of the sigma algebras(which by the way is not a $\sigma$-algebra) . So the product sigma algebra will be denoted by $\displaystyle\otimes_{i=1}^{n}\mathcal{B}(X_{i})$ . Note that it is just a notation(a standard one) and there is by no means any "tensor product" involved here.
Since all the spaces are separable, prove that the product space is also separable.
By definition of the product topology, you have sets of the form $\prod_{i=1}^{n} U_{i}$ where $U_{i}$'s are open in $X_{i}$ form a basis for the product topology. Now each $X$ has a countable basis of open balls . So prove that the product of these balls form a basis for the product topology. Explicitly , consider dense subsets $\{x_{n}^{i}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ for each $i$ . Then $\mathcal{C}=\{\prod_{i=1}^{n}B_{i}\,\,:\, B_{i}=B_{d_{i}}(x_{k}^{i},r_{m})\,,r_{m}\in\Bbb{Q}\,,m,k\in\Bbb{N}\}$ is a countable basis for the product topology. Now prove that the metric topology induced by $d$ is equivalent to the product topology (This is a standard excercise in any real analysis text if you don't know it already).
Now this means that any open set in the metric topology $U$ can be written as a countable union of sets in $\mathcal{C}$. But all the sets in $\mathcal{C}$ are in $\otimes_{i=1}^{n}\mathcal{B}(X_{i})$ . . Hence their countable union $U$ is in $ \otimes_{i=1}^{n}\mathcal{B}(X_{i})$. This holds for any open set $U$ in the product metric topology. This means that $\mathcal{B}(X)\subset \otimes_{i=1}^{n}\mathcal{B}(X_{i})$ .
Conversely consider $\mathcal{F}_{n}=\{E\in\mathcal{B}(X_{n})\,: \Pi_{n}^{-1}(E)\in \mathcal{B}(X)\}$ where $\Pi_{n}$ denotes the projection map. Now by definition all open sets in $X_{n}$ are contained in $\mathcal{F}_{n}$. Prove that $\mathcal{F}_{n}$ is a sigma algebra and conclude that $\mathcal{F}_{n}=\mathcal{B}(X_{n})$ . This holds for all $n$.
Thus $\otimes_{i=1}^{n}\mathcal{B}(X_{i})\subset \mathcal{B}(X)$ .
So we have equality.
In general $\otimes_{i=1}^{n}\mathcal{B}(X_{i})\subset \mathcal{B}(X)$ this is always true irrespective of whether the metric spaces are separable or not. But the other inclusion might fail without separability.

A: You can find the proof by an easy google. But if you want to do it on your own with some hints, then here are some for the $n=2$ case. The extension to finite products is no harder.
$1).\ \mathcal{B}(X)$ is the smallest sigma algebra that contains $\tau_X, $ the open sets of $X.\  \mathcal{B}(X_1)\times  \mathcal{B}(X_2)$ contains the open sets of $X.$
$2).\ $ The projections $\pi_{X_1}:X\to X_1$ and $\pi_{X_2}:X\to X_2$ are continuous hence measurable. If $U\in \tau_{X_1}$  then $\pi_{X_1}^{-1}(U)=U\times X_2\in \tau_X.$ If $V\in \tau_{X_2}$ then $\pi_{X_2}^{-1}(V)=X_1\times V\in \tau_X.$ Now, $\pi_{X_1}^{-1}(U)\cap \pi_{X_2}^{-1}(V)=U\times V.$ Conclude that if $U\in \tau_{X_1}$ and $V\in \tau_{X_2}$ then $U\times V\in \tau_X$ and note that by definition $\mathcal{B}(X_1)\times  \mathcal{B}(X_2)$ is the sigma algebra generated by $\tau_{X_1}\times \tau_{X_2}.$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The following consultants are Infusionsoft Certified and turboDial Certified, and have proven expertise in helping their clients achieve the full power of Infusionsoft and turboDial working together. These consultants are the "cream of the crop" in the Infusionsoft community so their time is often over-booked. Feel free to contact them to inquire about openings in their schedule to help with your project.
The Official Infusionsoft Partner of Brian Young from Home Painters Toronto Small Business ICON and Ultimate Marketer 2015. Kelsey "The King" Bratcher has been a World Class Infusionsoft Consultant for small businesses since 2008 and is a former Infusionsoft Employee. He has racked up over 13,000 hours of consulting and implementation by working with 1000s of small businesses. Hired Gun Solutions works exclusively with service based businesses that sell through people and demand the most from Infusionsoft.
Specialties: Residential House Painters, Real Estate, Attorneys, Home Improvement Businesses, service based businesses, local businesses.
Prior Marketing Solutions specializes in funnel development, sales automation, lead management and membership site development. On top of providing automation solutions, we also have extensive experience building, re-organizing and recruiting talent for multi-million dollar telesales teams. And we have built several 6 figure per-month lead generation funnels for high profile clients.
Skype: christian.wiles – If you contact via Skype be certain to reference turboDial. I don't accept random skype contacts.
Digital Marketing to Move the Masses. We use today's digital marketing strategy, implementation, and optimization to dominate your market.
Make your prospects aware, let them evaluate, watch them convert. From concept to implementation, we get it done so you get results.
Jorge and his team have been serving the Infusionsoft community with their website and Infusionsoft consulting services for over 4 years. Because of Jorge's extensive experience in sales, supporting sales organization and working with call center teams, he has developed an understanding for what sales teams need and what makes them most effective. This understanding and expertise using Infusionsoft's sales automation features have enabled them to develop best practices, which include turboDial, that improve sales team performance and the results they are able to deliver for this business.
Rainmaker Internet Marketing, based in the suburbs of Chicago, is a Google, Infusionsoft, and Hubspot Certified Partner. Rainmaker has been a big fan of turboDial from the first days of its release. Rainmaker is a full service internet marketing agency and a two time first place winner of Google's All-Star Summit, 2013 and 2015. We love helping entrepreneurs succeed. We are committed to giving you the best return on investment for your advertising dollars spent. If you want to grow your business on the Internet efficiently and effectively, give us a call for a free consultation.
Specialties: Home improvement businesses, service based businesses, local businesses.
Karin "met and fell in love with" Infusionsoft in 2012, and after working in and on the application, and recognizing the potential, became an Infusionsoft Certified Partner in 2014. She is originally from South Africa, where she was first introduced to computer science, and discovered her passion for improving processes inside technology platforms. Since its launch, turboDial has become part of the arsenal that she uses to make work more productive, fun and easy for anyone who uses Infusionsoft. With a real estate background, licensed in Florida since 2005, Karin has helped some of the most influential and successful real estate teams to optimize their Infusionsoft applications for success, but continues to strive to serve anyone she can with the experience that she has accumulated since that happy introduction in 2012.
The Elysium Systems team get you up and running fast, letting Infusionsoft take care of the heavy lifting, while you focus on growing your business. An ex-sailor who left the Navy to settle down "many years ago", Andy transformed his own finance business with Infusionsoft in 2012. Seeing the opportunity to help other Small Businesses owners led to the formation of Elysium Systems. His background in enterprise IT and sales allows him to sit down with a business owner and quickly translate aspirations and goals into an actionable project. Based in sunny Queensland and working with clients all over the world, calming the chaos and connecting the dots is what Andy and the team do to help take your Small Business Further, Faster.


text:
namespace lamure
{
namespace pre
{

class reduction_strategy;
class radius_computation_strategy;
class normal_computation_strategy;

class PREPROCESSING_DLL builder
{
public:

    struct descriptor
    {
        std::string input_file;
        std::string working_directory;
        std::string prov_file;
        uint32_t max_fan_factor;
        size_t surfels_per_node;
        uint16_t final_stage;
        bool recompute_leaf_normals;
        bool recompute_leaf_radii;
        bool keep_intermediate_files;
        bool resample;
        float memory_budget;
        float radius_multiplier;
        size_t buffer_size;
        uint16_t number_of_neighbours;
        bool translate_to_origin;
        uint16_t number_of_outlier_neighbours;
        float outlier_ratio;

        rep_radius_algorithm rep_radius_algo;
        reduction_algorithm reduction_algo;
        radius_computation_algorithm radius_computation_algo;
        normal_computation_algorithm normal_computation_algo;
    };

    explicit builder(const descriptor &desc);

    virtual             ~builder();
    builder(const builder &other) = delete;
    builder &operator=(const builder &other) = delete;

    bool construct();
    bool resample();

private:
    reduction_strategy *get_reduction_strategy(reduction_algorithm algo) const;
    radius_computation_strategy *get_radius_strategy(radius_computation_algorithm algo) const;
    normal_computation_strategy *get_normal_strategy(normal_computation_algorithm algo) const;
    boost::filesystem::path convert_to_binary(std::string const& input_filename, std::string const &input_type) const;
    boost::filesystem::path downsweep(boost::filesystem::path input_file, uint16_t start_stage) const;
    boost::filesystem::path upsweep(boost::filesystem::path input_file,
                                    uint16_t start_stage,
                                    reduction_strategy const *reduction_strategy,
                                    normal_computation_strategy const *normal_comp_strategy,
                                    radius_computation_strategy const *radius_comp_strategy) const;
    bool resample_surfels(boost::filesystem::path const &input_file) const;
    bool reserialize(boost::filesystem::path const &input_file, uint16_t start_stage) const;

    size_t calculate_memory_limit() const;

    descriptor desc_;
    size_t memory_limit_;
    boost::filesystem::path base_path_;
};

} // namespace pre
} // namespace lamure

#endif // PRE_BUILDER_H_

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Ben Franklin once said, "In this world nothing can be said to be certain except death and taxes." As witty as and blunt as this comment seems, I feel it oversimplifies life experiences. At some point, we will all experience illness, worry, and hopelessness. As Christians, it is at these times that we reach out to God most fervently. As believers, we know God hears our prayers, worries, and fears, but He does not always answer in a way we can see or expect. But as I discovered when I was dealing with my own health crisis this past fall, sometimes an answer comes in the form of a Minister bearing an unexpected gift.
I was hospitalized twice this past fall due to asthma. It had been over fifteen years since I had had an asthma episode so bad I needed to be admitted. Obviously, I was worried. I was scared about my health, but I was also worried about my family – I was in the hospital and not at home where I belonged. When I was discharged from my first admission I was readmitted less than two weeks later. Now I was not only worried, I was feeling hopeless. That's when Pastor Ray walked in with a prayer shawl.
From our website, "The prayer shawl ministry consists of a small group of dedicated ladies who knit or crochet shawls crafted in Christian Love. These shawls bring comfort to those in need whether hospitalized, shut-in, dealing with the loss of a loved one or in need of Spiritual Healing." As a recipient of a prayer shawl, I can say that I was overwhelmed with the unexpected gift. As a fellow crocheter, I could appreciate the time and talent that went into creating the shawl I received. Even though I had never met the woman who created the shawl, and realized she had not created it for "me," as soon as I wrapped it around my shoulders, I felt comforted. This unexpected gift provided me with warmth, love, and hope.
I have decided to volunteer my time and talents to crochet for this ministry to provide comfort, hope, and love to someone else who needs it. If you crochet or knit and would like to participate in the prayer shawl ministry, please contact the Church Office at (708) 349-0431 or Vivian Kockler at (708) 560-3404.


text:
Director: Dr. Dennis M. DeVolder
E-mail: C-Sciences@wiu.edu
Website: wiu.edu/computersciences
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science: Macomb
Bachelor of Science in Cyber Security: Macomb
Bachelor of Science in Information Systems: Macomb, Quad Cities (Information Systems emphasis)
Minor in Algorithms and Data Management: Macomb
Minor in App Development: Macomb
Minor in Computer Science: Macomb, Online
Minor in Cyber Security: Macomb
Minor in Information Systems: Macomb, Quad Cities
Minor in Information Technology: Macomb
Minor in Network Technologies: Macomb
Faculty: Baramidze, Bui, Calkins, Clayton, Covert, Deng, DeVolder, Ehrlich, George, Kim, LaFlam, B. Lee, I. Lee, Leff, Mangalaraj, Maskarinec, J.M. McQuillan, Woolley, Zhao.
Since its commercial introduction in the 1940s, the computer has wrought major changes in business, industry, government, and science, and with the possible exception of television, no other recent invention has so completely altered society as a whole. The student choosing to major in Computer Science, Cyber Security, or Information Systems is entering a dynamic career area filled with challenge and unlimited opportunities for individual growth.
The School of Computer Sciences offers a comprehensive curriculum. All students are expected to complete a core sequence in which they acquire the fundamental skills in computing or information systems and mathematics. Students may select advanced courses from a wide variety of specialized areas within Computer Science, Cyber Security, or Information Systems. Current offerings permit the student to become involved with a broad spectrum of business and scientific applications, software, and database design, or the more theoretical basis of computing. The undergraduate degree programs offer course sequences leading to the Bachelor of Science in Computer Science, Bachelor of Science in Cyber Security, and Bachelor of Science in Information Systems.
GradTrac is available to Computer Science, Cyber Security, and Information Systems majors. See more information about GradTrac.
Honors Curriculum—Academically qualified students in this School are encouraged to complete an honors curriculum in University Honors, Departmental Honors, or General Honors. All Honors students must complete the one-hour honors colloquium (G H 299). General Honors includes General Honors coursework. Departmental Honors includes honors work in the major. University Honors combines Departmental and General Honors. View additional information on the Centennial Honors College or visit the Centennial Honors College website at wiu.edu/honors.
Integrated Baccalaureate and Master's Degree Program—Two integrated baccalaureate and master's degree programs are available for the Bachelor of Science in Computer Science: Master of Science in Computer Science and Master of Business Administration. An integrated degree program provides the opportunity for outstanding undergraduates to earn both degrees in five years. Please refer to the Graduate Studies catalog for details about the integrated program.
Bachelor of Science—Computer Science
The program for the bachelor's degree shall contain the required departmental core of 21 s.h., a depth component of 12 s.h., UNIX, and Departmental Electives chosen in consultation with the departmental advisor.
The School of Computer Sciences offers three emphases of courses designed to meet the career paths of its students; each student will choose an emphasis after consultation with the advisor and with the approval of the School.
The Computer Science major requires a minor from one of the other disciplines on campus. Students may choose any minor (except as outlined below) or an approved cognate minor.
All students seeking the Bachelor of Science in Computer Science must complete I, II, and III.A, III.B, or III.C below, and the foreign language/global issues requirement for the major#. The minimum semester hour requirement for the baccalaureate degree is 120 s.h.
(To include MATH 133 for Computer Science or Cyber Security emphasis; to include MATH 133 or 137 for Big Data Technologies emphasis)
Core Courses: 21 s.h.
CS 214, 250, 310, 351, 355, 491†, 492†
Select one of the following emphases:
Computer Science: 56 s.h.
Depth Courses: 12 s.h.
Choose four of the following: CS 400, 410, 420, 460, 465, 470
CS/CSEC 371: 3 s.h.
Departmental Electives: 9 s.h.
Choose from CSEC 375 or any CS course except CS 101, 102, 225, 302, 315, 455, 483, 484, and 488.
MATH 255, 311, and STAT 276: 9 s.h.
Minor: 16 s.h.
Cyber Security: 56 s.h.
Depth Courses: 6 s.h.
Choose two of the following: CS 305, 306, 400, 410, 425, 470; IS 355; or any 300- or 400-level CSEC course
CS/CSEC 371, 395, 398; CSEC 321, 322, 436; IS 315: 21 s.h.
MATH 255 and STAT 276: 6 s.h.
Note: Students enrolled in the Cyber Security emphasis may not minor in Cyber Security.
Big Data Technologies: 56 s.h.
1Depth Courses: 12 s.h.
CS 460, 470, 472, and either 425 or 478
CS 210 and CS/CSEC 371: 6 s.h.
Choose two of the following: CS 465, 486; IS 340, 341, 405
Other: MATH 255 and STAT 276: 6 s.h.
Minor: 18–20 s.h.
Choose the minor in Applied Mathematics, the minor in Business Analytics, or a minor approved by the School of Computer Sciences
Open Electives: 6–8 s.h.
# The foreign language/global issues graduation requirement may be fulfilled by successfully completing one of the following: 1) a designated foreign language requirement [see Foreign Language/Global Issues Requirement]; 2) a General Education global issues course; 3) any major's discipline-specific global issues course; or 4) a Study Abroad program preapproved by the School.
† CS 491 and CS 492 fulfill the Writing Instruction in the Disciplines (WID) graduation requirement.
A minimum cumulative grade point average of 2.00, both in Computer Science courses and overall, should be achieved by the junior year. These grade point averages must be maintained for graduation as a Computer Science major.
Bachelor of Science—Cyber Security
The Cyber Security major is a comprehensive major.
All students seeking the Bachelor of Science in Cyber Security must complete I, II, III, IV, and V below, and the foreign language/global issues requirement for the major#. The minimum semester hour requirement for the baccalaureate degree is 120 s.h.
(To include CS 214, STAT 171 [if STAT 276 is not chosen in IV.D,] either MATH 133 or MATH 137, and either POLS 101 or POLS 122)
CS 210, 250, 305, 310, 320, 351, 410; CS/CSEC 371, 395, 398; CSEC 321, 322, 375, 436, 482, 489; IS 315, 355
Choose 1 course from the following list:
CS 306, 355, 470; CSEC 323, 330, 345, 494; IS 340, 345
Other: 18 s.h.
BCOM 320† or LEJA 443†: 3 s.h.
MATH 255: 3 s.h.
ACCT 200 or 201; ACCT 457: 6 s.h.
Choose any two courses from the following list: : 6 s.h.
CHEM 251; CSEC 497; DS 303, 423, 435; LEJA 208, 415; POLS 300 or 302; STAT 276
† BCOM 320 or LEJA 443 fulfills the Writing Instruction in the Disciplines (WID) graduation requirement.
Bachelor of Science—Information Systems
All students seeking the Bachelor of Science in Information Systems must complete I, II, III.A or III.B, IV, V, and VI below, and the foreign language/global issues requirement for the major#. The minimum semester hour requirement for the baccalaureate degree is 120 s.h.
(To include MATH 133 or 137, STAT 171, and IS 325)
CS 214, 250; IS 340, 341, 342, 462, 467
Select one of the following emphases: 24 s.h.
Directed IS Electives
CS 484 or IS 324: 3 s.h.
Choose 3 courses from IS 343, 355, 405, 410, 415: 9 s.h.
Departmental Electives: 12 s.h.
Choose 4 courses from CS 114 or any 300-level course or above in Computer Science (CS), Cyber Security (CSEC), or Information Systems (IS) (except CS 302, 315, 420, 470, 483, 484; IS 324, 325)
CS 305; IS 315, (344 or 345), 355; CS/CSEC 395; CSEC 321, 322: 21 s.h.
Directed Electives: 3 s.h.
Choose 1 course from CS 306; CS/CSEC 398; CSEC 323, 330, 345, 375, 422, 436, 482, 489; IS 410, 415
Other: 6 s.h.
BCOM 320†, DS 303
Select any business minor
† BCOM 320 fulfills the Writing Instruction in the Disciplines (WID) graduation requirement.
Minor in Algorithms and Data Management: 18 s.h.
CS 210, 214, 250, 351, 470: 15 s.h.
Select one course from the following:
CS 114, 460, 472, 486; DS 435, 490; MATH 255, 341: 3 s.h.
Note: Not open to students whose major is in the School of Computer Sciences.
Note: If you wish to take CS 114 as part of this minor, please note that it must be taken before taking CS 214, as credit cannot be given for CS 114 after or in the same semester as credit is given for CS 214.
Minor in App Development: 18 s.h.
CS 214, 250: 6 s.h.
(CSEC 321 and CSEC 422) or (IS 340 and IS 415): 6 s.h.
3. Select two courses from the following:: 6 s.h.
CS 425, 486; CSEC 345; IS 341
Minor in Computer Science: 18 s.h.
CS 114, 214, 250: 9 s.h.
Computer Science Electives: 9 s.h.
Note: A total of 6 s.h. must be at the 300 level or above.
CS 101, (CS 114 or CS 220 or CS 488), (CS 301 or CS 302), and (CS 315 or IS 340): 12 s.h.
Computer Science Electives: 6 s.h. Note: All 6 s.h. must be at the 300 level or above.
Minor in Cyber Security: 18 s.h.
CSEC 321; IS 315: 6 s.h.
Choose one course from each of the following categories:
CS 114 or CS 214: 3 s.h.
CS/CSEC 395 or CS 455: 3 s.h.
Choose two courses from the following:
CS 305, 306, 320; IS 355; or any 300- or 400-level CSEC course: 6 s.h.
Note: Not open to students enrolled in the Cyber Security major, the Cyber Security emphasis within the Computer Science major, or the Cyber Security emphasis within the Information Systems major.
Minor in Information Systems: 18 s.h.
CS 114, 214; IS 340, 341, 342: 15 s.h.
Select remaining hours from upper division IS courses: 3 s.h.
Minor in Information Technology: 18 s.h.
CS 114 or 214; IS 340; CSEC 321: 9 s.h.
Choose one course from each of the following categories:: 9 s.h.
Computer Science: CS 305, 315, 320, 455, 483
Information Systems: IS 315, 325, 341, 355, 415
Cyber Security: CSEC 322; CS/CSEC 395, 398
Minor in Network Technologies: 18 s.h.
CS 114, 214; CSEC 321, 322: 12 s.h.
Choose any two from: CSEC 323, 375, 422, 436; CS 320; CS/CSEC 395: 6 s.h.
101 Computer Literacy I. (3) Covers computer hardware and computing concepts; introduction to word processing, spreadsheets, database, electronic communications, and presentation software. Cannot be applied to the Computer Science major. Credit cannot be given for more than one of CS 101 or 203. IAI: BUS 902
102 Computer Literacy II. (3) Covers advanced word processing, presentation graphics, database software, integration of software, and software needs analysis. Will contain a team project. Cannot be applied to the Computer Science major. Prerequisite: CS 101 or equivalent.
114 Introduction to Computer Science. (3) (General Education/Natural Sciences and Mathematics) Introduction to computer algorithms, problem specification, correctness, computer structure, sets, truth tables, functions, and iteration. Presentation of basic principles of a current programming language. Credit cannot be given for CS 114 after or in the same semester as credit is given for CS 214. Credit cannot be given for CS 114 and CS 211 or CS 212 or CS 201.
210 Python for Data Exploration. (3) Programming data-intensive and computational applications in Python. The emphasis is on using Python's various technical libraries and tools geared toward data manipulation, visualization, and analysis, as well as scientific computing. Relevant case studies are used to hone these skills. Prerequisites: (CS 114 or CS 214) and (MATH 128 or STAT 171).
214 Principles of Computer Science. (3) (General Education/Natural Sciences and Mathematics) Introduction to computer program design, testing, documentation, simple data structures, references, sorting, searching, and algorithm development. Credit cannot be given for both CS 214 and CS 202. Prerequisite: MATH 100. Corequisite: MATH 128. 3 hrs. lect.; 1 hr. lab. IAI: CS 911.
220 Introduction to COBOL. (3) Structured programming methods in COBOL. Introduction to file concepts and file processing.
225 Programming for Engineering and Science. (3) Fundamental principles, concepts, and methods of computing, with emphasis on applications in the physical sciences and engineering. Basic problem solving and programming techniques; fundamental algorithms and data structures; use of computers in solving engineering and scientific problems. Cannot be used towards a major in Computer Science. Prerequisite: MATH 133.
230 External Files. (3) To introduce concepts and techniques to create and maintain sequential, indexed, and relative files using Virtual Storage Access Methods (VSAM) and Access Method Service utilities (IDCAMS). Prerequisite: CS 220 or equivalent.
250 Data Structures I. (3) Review of basic structures; object-oriented techniques; analysis, comparison, and design of algorithms for data structure processing; sorting, searching methods. Prerequisites: CS 214 with a grade of C- or better and MATH 128 or equivalent. IAI: CS 912.
301 Spreadsheet Applications. (3) This course covers advanced spreadsheet techniques including microprogramming. Also covered are on-line information systems, package installation, and other advanced application techniques. Credit cannot be given for both CS 301 and CS 302. Prerequisite: CS 101 or 203.
302 Spreadsheet and Database Applications. (3) Covers both spreadsheet and database applications from a business perspective. Emphasis will be placed on working with formulas, formatting, charting, query construction, form generation, report generation, and the integration of these applications. Cannot be applied towards the Computer Science major. Credit cannot be given for both CS 301 and CS 302. Credit cannot be given for both CS 483 and CS 302. Prerequisite: CS 101 or equivalent.
305 Introduction to Computer Forensics. (3) An introduction to computer forensics. The course will cover a range of computer hardware and forensics software tools on current and past operating systems. Prerequisite: CS 101 or CS 114 or CS 214 or equivalent.
306 Advanced Computer Forensics. (3) Computer forensic software will be used for data acquisition and analysis. Topics include forensic issues common to file systems, evidence collection, and case building tasks regularly used in the analysis of electronic evidence. Prerequisite: CS 305.
310 Computer Organization I. (3) Numeric representation, logic gates, latches, adder design; architectural components: ALU, bus, IO devices; memory organization; instruction set design and tradeoffs, addressing techniques. Prerequisites: CS 214.
315 E-Commerce Technology. (3) Concepts, design, and applications related to electronic commerce. Course is designed for nonmajors, especially those who will manage or operate an E-Commerce system in a business environment. Cannot be applied toward the Computer Science major. Prerequisite: CS 101 or CS 114 or an introductory programming class.
320 Ethical, Social and Legal Issues in the Digital World. (3) (Global Issues) Study of challenges and implications of computer technology for users and IT professionals. Topics include global perspectives on ethical, social, and legal issues in software quality, freedom of expression, privacy, intellectual property, hacking, and computer crime. BGS online writing course. Prerequisite: junior standing.
343 Physical Computing. (3) Building interactive physical systems using software and hardware to sense and control the physical world. Topics include software development with sensors, electro-mechanical devices, microcontrollers, and peripheral devices. Prerequisite: grade of C- or better in one of the following: CS 114, 214, 225, 488.
351 Data Structures II. (3) Advanced data structures with emphasis on non-linear data structures. Strategies for constructing algorithmic problem solutions. Analyzing the time and space efficiency of algorithm implementations. Prerequisites: CS 250 with a grade of C- or better and (MATH 255 or MATH 341).
355 Automata and Computability Theory. (3) An introduction to the modern theory of computing: automata theory, formal languages, and effective computability. Topics covered include finite automata and regular languages; pushdown automata and context-free languages; Turing machines and general computability; undecidability and the halting problem. Prerequisites: junior standing and (MATH 255 or MATH 341).
371 (Cross-listed with CSEC 371) UNIX. (3) An introduction to the UNIX environment. Includes shell commands, scripting, regular expressions, SED, process manipulation, forks, threads, process synchronization, introduction to system programming. Not open to students with credit in CSEC 371. Prerequisite: CS 250 or Corequisite: CS 250.
395 (Cross-listed with CSEC 395) Computer Security Fundamentals. (3) Computer and cybersecurity basics: terminology, security principles, data security, security mechanisms, usable security, network defense, OS security, and legal/ethical issues. Not open to students with credit in CSEC 395. Prerequisite: CS 214 or consent of School.
398 (Cross-listed with CSEC 398) Cyber Security Principles. (3) Basics of security design principles, security mechanisms, security policies, and network defense. Topics: security design, threats, risk assessment, access control models, network defense, firewalls, and legal/ethical issues. Not open to students with credit in CSEC 398. Corequisite: CSEC 322. Prerequisites: CS 250 and CS/CSEC 371.
400 Computer Organization II. (3) Computer systems analysis and design, interconnection structures, memory, input/output processors, machine instructions sets, microprogramming, CPU structures, control units, parallel processing, computer architectures and systems. Prerequisites: CS 214 and 310.
410 Operating Systems. (3) Overview of the concepts/theory of operating systems with emphasis on process management, memory management, file management, scheduling, device management, and synchronization. Credit cannot be given for both CS 410 and CS 511. Prerequisites: CS 310 and (CS 250 or CS 500*). (* If taking CS 410G.)
415 E-Commerce Systems Development. (3) Tools and technologies related to electronic commerce system development will be covered. Emphasis will be placed on developing the infrastructure and exploring the emerging technical issues in support of E-Commerce. Prerequisite: CS 250.
420 Computer Communication and Networks. (3) Survey of the operational features of telecommunications systems, computer networks, and distributed-processing systems. Considerations for the design of real-time systems. Credit cannot be given for both CS 420 and (CS 484 or CS 555 or IS 324). Cannot be applied toward the Cyber Security major. Prerequisite: CS 351 or CS 500*. (* If taking CS 420G.)
425 Server-Side Web Development. (3) Significant development of server-side web applications using server-side architecture and a current scripting language. Prerequisite: CS 351 or (CS 250 and IS 415) or (CS 250 and CSEC 422).
455 Computer System Security. (3) Survey of major areas of computer system security. Emphasis on detection and prevention. Hardware and software discussed. Cannot be applied to the Computer Science major. Prerequisite: CS 101 or CS 114 or equivalent.
460 Artificial Intelligence Methods. (3) An introduction to the main principles and methods of artificial intelligence. Solving problems by searching, knowledge, and reasoning; machine learning; current AI applications. Programming paradigms relevant to AI will be explored. Credit cannot be given for both CS 460 and CS 547. Prerequisite: CS 351 or CS 500*. (* If taking CS 460G.)
465 Computer Graphics. (3) Introduction to computer-generation of graphs and pictures, using both character and pixel graphics methods, in two and three dimensions. Animation techniques, CAD methods. Computer lab projects. Credit cannot be given for both CS 465 and CS 565. Prerequisite: CS 351 or CS 500*. (* If taking CS 465G.)
470 Database Systems. (3) Survey of data models with emphasis on the relational model. Data normalization. Query languages and query optimization. Design and security considerations. Exposure to commercial database management systems. Credit cannot be given for both CS 470 and (CS 483 or CS 521 or IS 342). Prerequisite: (CS 250 and (CS/CSEC 395 or CS 351 or CS/ CSEC 398 or CSEC 432)) or CS 500*. (* If taking CS 470G.)
472 Introduction to Big Data. (3) This course focuses on the big data technologies that facilitate the preparation, storage, and processing of big data. Specific state-of-the-art big data technologies such as distributed file systems, parallel programming models, and high performance databases are covered. Prerequisites: CS 310 and (CS/CSEC 371 or CSEC 375).
478 GPU Programming. (3) Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) programming. Parallel algorithms and programming techniques for GPUs. Sorting algorithms, matrix manipulation algorithms, sparse matrices. Prerequisites: CS 351 and CS/CSEC 371.
483 Elementary Database Applications. (3) Covers command language, programming logic, and applications of database systems for the non-Computer Science major. Cannot be applied to the Computer Science major. Credit cannot be given for both CS 483 and (CS 302 or CS 470 or IS 342). Prerequisite: CS 101 or 114.
484 Network and Data Communications Concepts. (3) Concepts and design of commercial computer and telecommunications networks. Course is designed for nonmajors, especially those who will manage or operate networks in a business environment. Cannot be applied toward the Computer Science major. Credit cannot be given for both CS 484 and (IS 324 or CS 420). Prerequisite: CS 101 or CS 114 or CS 214 or (CS 211 and CS 212).
486 Mobile Application Development. (3) Development of applications for mobile computing devices. Topics include mobile platforms and languages; application design for small screens; battery and resource management; debugging and testing techniques; and application distribution ecosystems. Prerequisite: CS 250 or permission of instructor.
488 Introduction to Programming with Visual Basic. (3) Introduction to the principles of programming for Windows in Visual Basic. Principles include event-driven programming, control structures, data types and structures, properties, events, methods of controls, and forms. Cannot be applied toward the Computer Science major. Prerequisite: CS 101 or ET 105, or equivalent.
491 Software Engineering I. (3) This course will focus on the design principles of large software systems. Topics include software life cycle models, agile methods, requirements engineering, object-oriented design and analysis, software architecture styles, prototyping, and team participation. Writing Instruction in the Disciplines (WID) course. Prerequisites: CS 351, 355; ENG 280; and at least 85 s.h.; or consent of School.
492 Software Engineering II. (3) This course covers project management, implementation, testing, and maintenance of a large software system following industrial standards. Topics include scheduling, estimation, source control, testing strategies, testing techniques, and teamwork. Writing Instruction in the Disciplines (WID) course. Prerequisite: CS 491.
495 Computer Science Internship. (1–12, repeatable to 12) Credit for work experience in a research, governmental, or business organization. Internship project report required. Only 3 s.h. can be used for the major. Prerequisites: Computer Science major, 15 s.h. of Computer Science courses, and written permission of the School director. Graded S/U only.
497 Senior Honors Project. (3–6, repeatable to 6) This course provides a project option within the departmental Honors Program. Project directed by a faculty member of the School of Computer Sciences. Prerequisite: senior Honors Program participant or consent of School.
499 Independent Study. (1–3, repeatable to 6, 3 per semester) Individual study or research in an area of Computer Science under the supervision of a Computer Science faculty member. Project report required. Prerequisite: approval of School of Computer Sciences.
CYBER SECURITY (CSEC)
321 (Formerly NET 321) Network Fundamentals. (3) Introduction to the diverse software and hardware components of a computer network. Topics include OSI and TCP/IP network architecture, overview of TCP/IP protocols, access networks, network topologies, circuit, packet and virtual circuit switching, switched LANs, and LAN Security. Prerequisite: CS 114 or 214.
322 (Formerly NET 322) Switching and Routing I. (3) An examination of network protocols for creating and managing a switched network. Topics will include Ethernet LANs, Virtual LANs, VLAN trunking, network and link layer addressing, subnetting, DHCP, access control lists, NAT and introduction to routing. Prerequisite: CSEC 321.
323 (Formerly NET 323) Switching and Routing II. (3) An examination of interior and exterior routing protocols. Topics will include intra-AS and inter-AS routing protocols, IPv4 and IPv6 routing configuration, load balancing routing, VPN tunnels, and managing network devices via SNMP. Prerequisite: CSEC 322.
330 Cyber-Physical Systems. (3) This course introduces the fundamentals and security challenges in emerging cyber-physical systems. Topics include system modeling, analysis, design and simulation, scheduling, and security. Prerequisites: CS 305 and CSEC 321.
345 Secure Coding and Design. (3) Secure software design. Identifying and fixing security flaws in code. String security flaws and resulting vulnerabilities, including buffer overflows, stack smashing, and code injection. Pointers, I/O, runtime protection strategies, and dynamic memory management. Prerequisite: CS 250 and CS/CSEC 371, or permission of the School.
371 (Formerly NET 371) (Cross-listed with CS 371) UNIX. (3) An introduction to the UNIX environment. Includes shell commands, scripting, regular expressions, SED, process manipulation, forks, threads, process synchronization, introduction to system programming. Not open to students with credit in CS 371. Prerequisite: CS 250 or Corequisite: CS 250.
375 (Formerly NET 375) Linux Systems Administration. (3) Administration of server systems, configuring users, groups, and devices, software management, backups, network services configuration, server security and performance, scripts for server management. Prerequisite: CS/CSEC 371 or permission of School.
395 (Cross-listed with CS 395) Computer Security Fundamentals. (3) Computer and cybersecurity basics: terminology, security principles, data security, security mechanisms, usable security, network defense, OS security, and legal/ethical issues. Not open to students with credit in CS 395. Prerequisite: CS 214 or consent of School.
398 (Cross-listed with CS 398) Cyber Security Principles. (3) Basics of security design principles, security mechanisms, security policies, and network defense. Topics: security design, threats, risk assessment, access control models, network defense, firewalls, and legal/ethical issues. Not open to students with credit in CS 398. Corequisite: CSEC 322. Prerequisites: CS 250 and CS/CSEC 371.
422 (Formerly NET 422) Web Technologies. (3) An examination of the Web and its current development technologies. Topics will include HTML, XML, scripting, Web databases, and Web services. Prerequisite: CSEC 321.
432 (Formerly NET 432) Network Performance Analysis. (3) Introduces the basic concepts of computer network performance evaluation, modeling of traffic flows, network queues, delay, and loss models. Topics will also include performance evaluation of multiple access methods, measurement, and simulations of network performance. Prerequisites: CSEC 322; (MATH 133 or 137); MATH 255; STAT 171.
434 (Formerly NET 434) Distributed Systems. (3) Covers the principles of distributed systems and their design. Topics will include the characteristics and constraints of distributed algorithms, security, and reliability issues of distributed systems. Prerequisite: CSEC 322; CS 250.
436 (Formerly NET 436) Advanced Network Security. (3) An examination of advanced network security and network defense. Topics include network defense, applied cryptography, security protocols, defense tools, security policies and implementation, and operational procedures. Prerequisites: CS/CSEC 395 and CSEC 322 and CS/CSEC 398, or permission of School.
482 (Formerly NET 482) Wireless LANs and Security. (3) Radio Frequency Fundamentals, features and functions of Wireless LANs, Spread Spectrum Techniques, IEEE 802.11 architecture, Wireless LAN Security, Designing and Troubleshooting Wireless LANs. Prerequisites: CS/CSEC 395 and CSEC 322.
489 Penetration Testing and Ethical Hacking. (3) Introduction to the techniques and tools for information gathering and vulnerability assessment of networked systems. Topics include target enumeration, network sniffing, client and remote exploitation, web and wireless hacking. Prerequisites: CSEC 321, CS/CSEC 395, and (CS/CSEC 371 or CSEC 375).
494 Topics in Cyber Security. (3) Examination of advanced and emerging topics in Cyber Security. Prerequisites: CS/CSEC 395 and junior standing.
495 (Formerly NET 495) Cyber Security Internship. (1–12, repeatable to 12) Work experience in a research, government, or business organization. Internship project report required. Only 3 s.h. can be used for the major. Prerequisites: Cyber Security major, 15 s.h. of Cyber Security courses, and written permission of School director. Graded S/U only.
497 (Formerly NET 497) Senior Honors Project. (3–6, repeatable to 6) Provides a project option within the Cyber Security Honors program. Project directed by a faculty member in the School of Computer Sciences. Prerequisite: Senior CSEC Honors Program participant or consent of the School of Computer Sciences.
499 (Formerly NET 499) Independent Study. (1–3, repeatable to 6, 3 per semester) Individual study or research in the area of Cyber Security under the supervision of a School faculty member. Project report required. Prerequisites: junior standing and consent of the School.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS (IS)
315 IT Systems Components. (3) An introduction to IT systems components in Information Systems. Topics covered relate to hardware, software, networks, and their role in system operation in an organizational context. Prerequisite: CS 114 or CS 214.
324 Enterprise Network and Data Communication Concepts. (3) This course provides an introduction to data communication networks. The course will focus on the services, capabilities, and limitations of communication networks in a business organizational context. Credit cannot be given for both IS 324 and (CS 484 or CS 420). Prerequisite: CS 101 or CS 114 or CS 214 or (CS 211 and CS 212).
325 Global Social Networks. (3) (General Education/Multicultural Studies) (Global Issues) This course on global social networks, including virtual communities, places emphasis on fundamental information technology, facilitation methods, and practical operations of virtual communities and social networks in a global and cross-cultural environment. Prerequisites: at least one course in each of Category III and Category IV of the General Education Curriculum.
340 Introduction to Information Systems. (3) Develop a thorough understanding of what information systems are, their technical foundations, where they are used in organizations, and how they are developed.
341 Business Systems Analysis. (3) Develop an understanding of concepts and techniques of business information systems analysis. Emphasis upon system development life cycle. Prerequisites: CS 214 and IS 340.
342 Enterprise Database Management. (3) A study of the theory and application of database management systems including their design, development, and management. Credit cannot be given for both IS 342 and (CS 483 or CS 470). Prerequisites: IS 341.
343 Strategic Systems. (3) The role, implications, and relevance of Information Technology (IT) in managing businesses; management issues concerning IT strategy, planning, and competitive advantage; process innovation and re-engineering; and organizational transformation. Prerequisites: IS 340 or consent of director.
344 Telecommunications Planning Management. (3) An introduction to business management tools and techniques necessary to plan and manage a company's telecommunications and network functions. Topics include telecommunications management and network administration basics; telecommunications planning and project management; and operations and acquisition management. Prerequisites: CS 214 or permission of School director.
345 Foundations of Information Technology Service Management. (3) This course introduces concepts, models, and tools necessary to provide information technology services to users. Topics include frameworks of Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) and Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL). Credit cannot be given for both IS 345 and IS 344. Prerequisites: CS 214.
355 Information Assurance. (3) This course examines implications and challenges of operational security in global IT organizations, and reviews legal, social, and ethical issues related to security management. Topics include IT security policy development, risk management, threat assessment, and business continuity planning. Prerequisites: (CS 114 or CS 214) and (CS 420 or CS 484 or CSEC 321 or IS 324), or consent of Director.
405 Business Intelligence and Decision Support Systems. (3) This course focuses on the features, uses, and design strategies for IT-enabled managerial decision support. Data-oriented techniques for business intelligence and corporate decision making are emphasized. Prerequisites: IS 340 and (DS 303 or STAT 276), or permission of School director.
410 Enterprise Architecture. (3) This course explores the design, selection, implementation, and management of enterprise IT solutions. The focus is on IT applications and infrastructure and their fit within business organizations. Prerequisites: IS 342 or permission of School director.
415 Web IT Systems Development and Management. (3) This course will cover tools and technologies related to Web IT Systems development and management. Emphasis will be placed on developing the infrastructure and exploring the emerging technical and managerial issues in support of Web IT Systems. Prerequisites: CS 214.
460 Independent Study in Information Systems. (1–3, repeatable to 3) Independent study with written report on a problem mutually selected by student and instructor. For Information Systems majors only. Prerequisites: IS 341 and senior standing, with written permission of School director.
462 IS Project Management and Development. (3) Study of the issues and challenges in managing information systems' development projects. Students will also identify, develop, and implement a solution to an information systems' problem. Prerequisite: IS 341.
466 Topics in Healthcare Informatics. (3, repeatable to 6 for different titles) Topics include the study of healthcare information systems and their use in healthcare and clinical practice as well as in healthcare research and education. Prerequisite: IS 342.
467 Topics in Enterprise Systems. (3) This course is designed to provide an understanding of the theoretic and practical issues related to the application of Enterprise Systems within organizations with a focus in the integration of information and organizational forms and processes across functional areas using unified systems. Prerequisite: IS 341 or permission of School director.
470 Internship in Information Systems. (3–12, repeatable to 12) Work experience, on- or offcampus, in an organization involving computerized information systems. Intern will be supervised by a faculty coordinator and an executive in the business firm. Reports of work experience are submitted to the coordinator periodically. Final report required. Only 3 s.h. can be used for the major. Prerequisites: Information Systems major; IS 341, 342; junior or senior standing; and written permission of School director. Graded S/U only.
497 Senior Honors Project. (3–6, repeatable to 6) Provides a project option within the Information Systems Honors program. Project directed by a faculty member in the School of Computer Sciences. Prerequisite: Senior IS Honors Program participant or consent of the School of Computer Sciences.


text:
Designed by: Francisco Gomez Paz
for Luceplan
in Floor lighting - indoor
An innovative floor lamp for indirect lighting, in which the Argentine designer Francisco Gomez Paz has metaphorically transfigured the harmonious, sensual movements of the dance of the same name, giving the fixture a dynamic posture of variable geometry, which through a simple gesture makes it possibly to gently adjust the direction of the beam.
Mounted on a triangular steel base, the jointed structure of the lamp composed of three mobile aluminium shafts with elastomer joints nimbly lends itself to a fluid mechanical torsion movement generated at the height of the middle part of the shafts. A movement that is propagated up to the top of the lamp, or at the position of the reflector, which is also triangular, setting its angle and making it possible to direct the light where it is needed with respect to the standard initial position, in which the beam is aimed upward, and the position of arrival, in which it is directed towards the wall.
Outfitted with linear LEDs, the reflector of the lamp contains the electronic circuitry and emits diffused, homogeneous indirect light thanks to the screens in molded methacrylate.
The on/off switch and sensory dimmer are placed near the upper part of one of the three shafts that support the lamp's reflector.
Related Products in Floor lighting - indoor
Lady Costanza
FALENA by Alvaro Siza, 1994
Skan


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I am a graduate of the Savannah College of Art and Design with my BFA in Fashion Design and a focus on Textile Design. I am originally from Westerville, Ohio but currently reside in Portland, Oregon where I climb mountains and work towards a full time creative career! I design Women's Wear with a particular interest in textile design, color development, and fabrication of garments. I currently work as a textile and graphic design freelancer and help manage a spa (my passions lay all over the place!) Feel free to reach out for commissions and collaborations!


text:
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Pop Culture | Movies | 90s
Why "America's Sweetheart" Meg Ryan Vanished From Movies After The '90s
By Zachary | Mar 01, 2018
If you were like me, you spent the '90s obsessing over movies like When Harry Met Sally, Sleepless in Seattle, and You've Got Mail.
A big part of their success - let's be honest here, the reason for their success - was Meg Ryan, the magnetic, funny, and stunning actress who starred in all three movies.
After her first movie role in 1981, the actress remembers job offers "just kept coming," until she was forced to drop out of college to focus on film career.
Along with her classic rom-coms, Ryan starred in box office hits like Kate and Leopold and City of Angels. She even voiced the lead character in Anastasia.
So why does it seem like Meg Ryan disappeared from Hollywood in the early 2000s?
In fact, she did. But first, she was caught up in a tabloid scandal that may have ended her career just as it was at its peak.
Ron Galella - Getty Images
When Ryan crossed paths with actor Dennis Quaid in 1991, the pair quickly became a Hollywood power couple.
They stayed together for nine years - a lifetime in Hollywood - and even had a son together before a Hollywood scandal tore them apart.
Tabloids and gossip magazines had a field day when the actress nicknamed "America's sweetheart" was caught two-timing Quaid with her costar, Russell Crowe.
The fact that Meg and Quaid had an eight-year-old son together only attracted even more tabloid attention.
Ryan retreated from the spotlight following the scandal, and didn't tell her side of the story for a decade.
The Scarlet Woman
Ryan revealed to W that she was treated like "the scarlet woman" in Hollywood after the story broke.
"Oh! I'm having that experience now!" she told the magazine.
Ryan was especially upset by the public reaction to the cheating scandal because she claimed that her marriage to Quaid was basically over when she had the affair.
She has also suggested that the actor was also dating other women at the same time, and that women in Hollywood are held to a different standard than their male costars.
But judging by Ryan's life today, she's not itching to be a Hollywood star again anytime soon.
She's So Over Hollywood
While the bad press from her affair may have ended Ryan's career, that suited the actress just fine.
"I didn't have to care what people thought," she said about life out of the spotlight.
Ryan with John Mellencamp. Just Jared
"I have gotten to do what I guess I secretly wanted to do. Be totally under the radar and live my life."
While she never really fell "under the radar," Ryan lived a pretty quiet life in New York City.
She was often spotted in public with her on-and-off boyfriend, musician John Mellencamp, and her adopted daughter Daisy True.
Bauer Griffin - Just Jared
As Ryan revealed, she was never comfortable with her image as "America's sweetheart" or "the girl next door."
"It felt … like ideas were being projected onto me that had nothing to do with me," she remembered.
"The girl next door to what? I never felt like a very conventional person."
Plastic Surgery Woes
The way the press covered Ryan's plastic surgery also contributed to her choice of living out of the public eye.
To this day, headlines like "What Happened to Meg Ryan's Face?" greet any public appearance she makes.
"I'm old enough to remember when Meg Ryan looked like Meg Ryan," one particularly nasty person wrote on Twitter after her appearance at the 2016 Tony Awards.
Columbia Pictures / David Shankbone - Flickr
For the record, Ryan says comments and criticism about her looks don't bother her. But they're definitely not making her nostalgic for life in the spotlight either.
"I don't pay a lot of attention frankly," she said about mean comments on her appearance.
"There's a lot of hatred in the world today; it's so easy to judge. Imagine being a hater, how stupid! [The] people I value talk about kids growing up, what kind of world they are going into, what we are eating, what we are breathing."
Her Life Today
NY Fashion Week! @csiriano #siriano10
A post shared by Meg Ryan (@megryan) on Feb 12, 2018 at 12:07pm PST
These days, if you see Meg Ryan it probably won't be on the big screen. You're more likely to spot her out and about in Manhattan with Mellencamp or her daughter.
Ryan had no roles between 2009 and 2015 (except in a web series), and has taken just a handful of acting jobs since then.
The actress says she's perfectly happy being out of the "airless bubble of rich Hollywood people," but that hasn't stopped her from making a small comeback.
One of her biggest recent projects was directing the movie Ithaca, starring Ryan and her You've Got Mail costar Tom Hanks,
She'll also be on TV in the new show Picture Paris later this year.
And in the near future? Ryan has hinted at even more career changes as she explores her artistic side.
"I never really defined myself as an actor," she told the crowd at a recent film festival.
"I think at heart I'm a writer. So that was a natural progression for me."
Ryan and her son Jack. James Devaney - Getty Images
"I got tired of waiting to be chosen," she went on to explain.
"When you're an actor, you're a cog. When you produce, you understand the other gears. I'm in first gear now."
She may not be "America's sweetheart" anymore, but Ryan is still happy, healthy, and doing what she loves.
I'll have what she's having!
Which Meg Ryan movie was your absolute favorite?
[H/T: People, InStyle, Vanity Fair]
Tags: Meg Ryan, movies, hollywood, 90s, where are they now
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