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Home › Publications › The Monitor › November 2007: Continental Water Follies
November 2007: Continental Water Follies
Claim that Canada can share "surplus" water is a myth
The "Big idea" that Canada can generously share its water the same way it now shares energy on a continental scale is generally based on four false assumptions: 1) that Canada has lots of "surplus" water; 2) that Canada has no water problems; 3) that Canada maintains excellent water data; and 4) that Canada can get fabulously rich selling its water.
These myths are debunked below.
1. Canada has an average supply of water for its size.
The media often repeat the myth that Canada has a quarter to half of the world's water resources. This statement is grossly inaccurate. First, it fails to distinguish the difference between ecological capital (the amount of water Canada inherited from ancient glaciers that is non-renewable) and ecological interest (the amount of water annually replaced by rainfall that is available for use). Ninety-nine percent of the water in the Great Lakes, for example, is a glacial inheritance and a non-renewable resource.
Second, economists tend to reduce water needs to per capita availability and forget that fish, trees and ducks drink water too. Given that Canada has 7% of the world's land mass, Canada has but a fair share of renewable global water supplies: 7%. That's slightly more than the United States with 6.5%. (In contrast, Mexico has 1% of the world's supply.) Russia and Brazil have nearly twice as much renewable water as Canada. By global standards, then, Canada has an average supply of freshwater and no surplus.
General A.G.L. McNaughton, who co-chaired the International Joint Commission in the 1950s, expressed it best: "It is nonsense to talk about a surplus and it's dangerous folly to even contemplate selling water. All our water resources can be translated into growth somewhere. Let that growth take place here in Canada."
In addition, more than half of Canada's water flows north into semi-arid Arctic regions and is inaccessible. Water resources along the U.S. border, where most Canadians live, account for only 2.6% of the world's renewable supply. Many of these rivers and lakes are now over-allocated and in some cases are grossly polluted.
2. Canada has mismanaged its water capital.
Canadians may revere their water resources as national icons, yet in reality their governments (and arguably the Canadians who elected them) have actively abused them. Due to sustained federal, provincial, and municipal neglect, Lake Winnipeg and the St. Lawrence River, for example, are on the verge of ecological collapse from agricultural pollution and climate change.
Blue-green algae erupted on one-quarter of Quebec's lakes this year (2007) due to pollution. Drought, population growth, and disappearing glaciers have reduced summer flows in many western rivers by 40-to-70%. In 1999, one in four Canadian municipalities reported having experienced water shortages in the previous five years.
Canadian enforcement of water laws has become a source of international embarrassment. In 2000, the Ontario Ministry of Environment recorded 1,900 pollution violations by 200 corporations, yet laid only four charges. Environment Canada noted 3,000 documented violations of federal laws by pulp mills, but proceeded with only seven prosecutions. An exhaustive 390-page investigation by the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (an agency under NAFTA) found that Environment Canada repeatedly failed to enforce the pollution prevention provisions of the Fisheries Act and the provisions of the Pulp and Paper Effluent Regulations against 10 pulp and paper mills in Ontario, Quebec, and the Atlantic provinces.
"If there is a chasm between environmental laws and their enforcement in the United States, then in Canada there is a Grand Canyon," wrote David Boyd recently.
3. Canada has kept poor records on its water bank and has no water policy.
Canada hasn't had a coherent water policy since the 1987 Federal Water Policy, which actually banned water exports, but was tabled and then abandoned. Due to financial cutbacks to Environment Canada's water program, the department failed to release national estimates of water use for 2001, breaking a five-year reporting cycle established in 1971. Funding for federal and provincial water research, once a source of national pride, has declined so dramatically in the last 30 years that water ecologist David Schindler told the Canadian Senate in 2005 that "no one is minding the store."
Government documents acquired under the Freedom of Information Act by Ottawa researcher Ken Rubin and dated January 2006 confirm that Canada maintains poor water records and has an incoherent policy. Although Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) documents reveal that "Canadians are currently facing serious groundwater quality and availability issues... there is no visible federal water policy agenda nor a common agenda for the whole country." These classified documents also confirm that "the absence of a common strategic federal vision for freshwater" is a "limiting factor for ensuring the long-term sustainable development of the resource."
Nearly a third of all Canadians (10 million people) depend on groundwater as their primary source of drinking water. Yet only three of eight key regional aquifers have been mapped. Canada does not even know to what degree aquifers in Saskatchewan are connected to the depleted Ogallala Aquifer. One NRCan memo notes that "the current state of knowledge of the resource is inversely proportional to its importance." NRCan now estimates that only 11 of the 30 key aquifers will be assessed for "volume, vulnerability and sustainability by 2010."
At this current rate of progress, it will take another 28 years to develop a basic National Inventory of our groundwater resources. Such data poverty raises a basic question: how can Canada even contemplate sharing water resources on a continental scale when the federal government doesn't even know what's in the national water bank account?
4. Canada won't get rich exporting water.
Exporting water is a money-losing game, for the simple reason that it would subtract from existing economic and ecological services that are provided by freshwater. "Canada's freshwater resources are less available than we think," according to Gilles Rheaume, vice-president of policy for the Conference Board of Canada.
Canada's trade economy is deeply dependent on the quality and quantity of its water. Almost every Canadian product exported abroad (cattle, grain, hogs, automobiles, aluminum, electricity, wood or oil) contains enormous volumes of embedded water or what economists call "virtual water." Canada now exports more virtual water than either China or India in its trade goods. (About 15% of the water used in the world is exported in virtual form, largely because of cheap oil.) In addition, two out of every three litres of the nation's freshwater withdrawals are used for the generation of electric power, an economic venture that is already threatened by climate change.
Given the current volume of Canada's virtual water exports (272.5 x 109 m3), exports of real water can only adversely affect the economy. University of Western Ontario engineer Slobodan Simonovic has calculated that "water export" from the St. Lawrence River Basin, for example, would reduce "the available water for consumption by different water use sectors." Exporting water simply means less water at home to create jobs and less water to sustain ecological services provided by rivers and lakes necessary for life.
Peter Gleick, one of the world's foremost experts on water issues, recently noted that "water availability and quality will be increasingly a significant driver of national/regional competitive growth in coming years." Nations and regions that allow water exports would be losing this critical advantage.
The issue of royalties or public rent from water sales also demands attention. A 2005 analysis by the federal government concluded that Canada wouldn't get rich trading water. Because of the high cost of transporting bulk water by supertanker, water royalties would "have to be small." The number of jobs created would be minimal and would be largely confined to the maintenance of ships or pipelines.
Water, in other words, could become another cheap raw resource give-away, much like oil. No one would argue that oil exports are not a profitable venture for Canada. But so far the benefits have largely accrued from investment activity in the tar sands as opposed to direct royalties from the resource, bitumen. Unless it is upgraded, bitumen has half the value of conventional oil. By industry standards, Alberta and Canada have priced the tar sands resource at 13% of global norms. The U.S. General Accounting Office recently noted that Canada's oil royalties in the tar sands are lower than those in Alaska and Louisiana.
Last year, Murray Smith, Alberta's representative to the United States, told a high-profile oil-patch audience that "the royalty structure for oil sands is we 'give it away' at a 1% royalty structure." Roland Priddle, former chair of the National Energy Board, promoted this "give-it-away" approach to finite resources at a Texas energy gathering sponsored by the Canadian Consulate-General last year: "Where else can you purchase in place oil (well, bitumen) for one cent a barrel?"
Water and the SPP
The tri-partite North American Security and Prosperity Partnership (SPP) has established a continental agenda for political integration that is slowly changing the lives of every Canadian. The SPP, largely driven by the interests and needs of its dominant player, the United States, has already embarked on an ambitious agenda to integrate the continent's customs, transportation and security networks. In the absence of domestic Canadian policy, the SPP has also accelerated energy integration and undermined national action on climate change, for the benefit of the dominant trade partner. To date, successive Canadian governments have actively sacrificed water resources in the name of rapid tar sands development and North American energy integration.
Many SPP documents assume that a continental water policy is just as desirable as a continental energy policy, which is now a fait accompli. This explicit assumption raises two questions:
Has the move towards a continental energy policy jeopardized our own energy security?
And can continental water policy, including bulk water exports, be far behind?
Water and energy are inextricably linked on this continent. Yet these critical resources share important differences. Over the years, a majority of Canadian voters have uniformly expressed hostility to water export schemes. The reasons, explains Frank Quinn, one of Canada's leading experts on the issue, are self-evident: "Water is an economic good, but it is so much more than that: it is the basis of all life, not just human. It is integral to the health and beauty of Canada's landscape. It is the key to our past and future. If this, the last and greatest natural resource still in Canadian hands, is traded away, we are a lesser people, sovereign in name only."
In response to public pressure, in 1999 the federal government and its provincial partners adopted what on paper is a credible public position on water exports. The federal government recognized the need to keep water within Canada's five natural drainage basins for a number of reasons: to sustain flows, to prevent the transport of invasive pests and diseases, to protect biological diversity, and to ensure sustainable use of water for future generations. But concrete action has been limited to the 2002 prohibition on the bulk removal of water from boundary water basins, and provincial legislative bans that probably will not stand up to court challenges.
At the same time that the federal government was prohibiting the bulk removal of water from boundary water basins, it was pursuing a private water agenda. It has rarely condemned water export proposals and has actively investigated the possibilities of pricing water for export. The federal government has also failed to clarify the status of water in its natural state under two free trade agreements. As a consequence, water's status under liberalized trade, let alone the SPP, remains "uncertain."
In 2005, former Alberta Premier Peter Lougheed was quoted in the Globe and Mail as saying that "we should not export our freshwater—we need it and we should conserve it. And we should communicate to the United States very quickly how firm we are about it."
Political scientist Michael Byers recently expressed this sentiment more bluntly: "Unless we stand up for our own interests, Canadian freshwater could soon be irrigating crops, watering golf courses, and filling backyard swimming pools in the southwestern United States. It is time to dissuade Americans of the notion that we're going to rescue them from the consequences of their short-sighted, profligate ways by allowing them to mess with our environment, too."
This need not be a confrontational issue. Whenever consulted on the question of inter-basin diversions, both U.S. and Canadian citizens routinely arrive at the same conclusion: over the long term, everyone is better off living within their own water budget, which means keeping water in its natural drainage basins. Local water governance, when done well, protects living rivers and lakes. In 2005, 30 million American and 10 million Canadian inhabitants of the Great Lakes Basin joined together and successfully convinced their state and provincial governments to prohibit removals of water from the Great Lakes Basin, with minor and well-defined exceptions.
Reaching an appropriate accommodation with our largest trading partner will take bold changes in Canadian policy and leadership. We will need to renew our nation's commitment to water research. We will need to demand transparent debate about water management proposals. We will need institutions and individuals who can bargain effectively with an aggressive neighbour. We will need to work with the American people and their political leaders to show that their own long-term water security is best served by national and local solutions. And we will have to lead by example by managing our waters as though they mattered for future generations of Canadians, as well as for the fish and other creatures that live in or are dependent on them. But at this critical juncture in the debate on deeper North American integration, our water capabilities and policies resemble a rudderless boat.
The issues raised by rapid continental economic integration are complex and cannot be resolved in this essay. But if Canadian water policy is going to be defined in Canada, by Canadians and for Canadians, four specific proposals must be considered:
The SPP process should be opened to full public scrutiny and democratic debate.
The federal government should immediately assess and annually report on the full impact of the continental integration of oil, gas, and electricity on the nation's water resources (a form of virtual water export).
The Canadian government should immediately inform the governments of the United States and Mexico that bulk water removals from Canada's major drainage basins will not be permitted and that the topic of water export will be excluded from all future SPP or related discussions.
Finally, the Canadian government should pass federal legislation obliging it to step in and prevent the bulk removal of water from any of Canada's five major drainage basins in the event that any province is either unable or unwilling to do so.
(Andrew Nikiforuk is a Calgary-based journalist and an award-winning business and environmental reporter. This article was excerpted from a longer and full sourced and referenced paper—On the Table: Water, Energy and North American Integration—which he recently wrote for the University of Toronto's Munk Centre for International Studies.)
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You might not believe it but the above quote is from the Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church.
I never thought much about the meaning of the word 'blessing'. I thought I knew until I came across the above definition. A blessing is our response to God's gifts. A deeper knowledge of blessing came into my understanding.
To respond to God's gifts in our lives...this isn't asking for just good things and no pain to be experienced. A blessing asks that we, the person or people, might respond to God's gifts. It leaves the 'how' and in what circumstances to God.
So when we bless our sons, daughters, friends, we are really asking that they respond to God's gifts in their lives. When the priest at Mass blesses us, he is asking that we might respond to God's gifts in our lives.
So bless others and may you be blessed!


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Q: drawable animation not workin i want to use of animation drawable in my list but when i start the listActivity it crashs
 i have learned from this
, when i remove this 2 animation codes
 AnimationDrawable frameAnimation = (AnimationDrawable) GamePic.getBackground();
        frameAnimation.start();

,it works animated by itself in my phone (p7 with android 4.4 ) but in other phones i have tried (asus memopad 7 , sony c ) it works with no animated drawables ! attent when i use of this up codes all phones just crashes
below is my compelet code , what is wrong ?
public class MyList extends ListActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.games_list);

    setListAdapter(new AA());
}

@Override
protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {

    Toast.makeText(MyList.this, "item" + position + "is clicked", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

class AA extends ArrayAdapter<String> {

    public AA() {
        super(MyList.this, R.layout.games_list_layout, Resources2.GameListArray);
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        View row = convertView;
        if (row == null) {
            LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();
            row = inflater.inflate(R.layout.games_list_layout, parent, false);
        }
        TextView GameName = (TextView) row.findViewById(R.id.textView1);
        ImageView GamePic = (ImageView) row.findViewById(R.id.imageView2);
        ImageView Cartridge = (ImageView) row.findViewById(R.id.imageView1);

        GameName.setText(Resources2.GameListArray[position]);
        GamePic.setImageResource(Resources2.GamePicArray[position]);
        Cartridge.setImageResource(Resources2.CartridgeFrame[Resources2.cartridgeColor[position]]);

        AnimationDrawable frameAnimation = (AnimationDrawable) GamePic.getBackground();
        frameAnimation.start();

        return row;

    }
}

}

thanks

A: As the documentation describes, you should wait until the View is attached to the window before starting animation. Therefor, you should add an OnAttachStateChangeListener to the view that will execute when it has been attached, and start the animation from there.
ImageView img = (ImageView)v.findViewById(R.id.image);
img.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.anim);
img.addOnAttachStateChangeListener(new  View.OnAttachStateChangeListener() {
  @Override
  public void onViewAttachedToWindow(View v) {
  AnimationDrawable animation = (AnimationDrawable) v.getBackground();
  animation .start();
  }

@Override
public void onViewDetachedFromWindow(View v) {
}
});

OR Use Movie Class if You are using GIF. here are some Learning Links, this , this and this also this quistion

A: i have found my problem !
i had used
    GamePic.setImageResource(Resources2.GamePicArray[position]);
but i should use
GamePic.setBackgroundResource(Resources2.GamePicArray[position]);

now it works fine !

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Quick Honey Sweet Potatoes. Delicious twist on this classic side dish! Got twenty minutes? Our cooking method puts Quick Honey Sweet Potatoes on the menu.When you think of sweet potatoes, it's easy to imagine long baking times and Thanksgiving-worthy casseroles. We love serving this traditional fall veggies during the holidays!


HomeBlogsChris Sloan's blog4 Baseball 0-fer Streaks we Can't Believe!
Sure it sounds bad, but how does it compare to some other memorable streaks? Who lost the most MLB games in a row? How about what is the longest number of innings 2 teams played without scoring in a single game? In the video here I talk about 4 epic streaks that may never be broken!
1. Chris Davis, Baltimore Orioles overpaid hitter, went 0-53! That streak ended today on 4/13/19 with a 2 RBI single.
2. 1889 Louisville Colonels lost an amazing 26 games straight, on their way to becoming the first-ever MLB team to lose 100 games in a season!
3. On April, 15th 1968, the Houston Astros played the New York Mets to a 23 inning shutout; eventually, the Astros won in the bottom of the 24th inning after 6.5 hours of play!
4. Finally, the bulldog, Orel Hershiser, once amassed 59 consecutive innings without allowing a run!
Depending upon which side of history you're on those are some really good or really bad streaks. What other baseball streaks do you know about? Let us know in the comments below and be sure to check out Bad Baseball each week on YouTube!


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Q: How can I set the Working Directory in Sublime Text 3? I am using Sublime Text 3 for a web design project. How can you set the working directory to a specific folder in sublime text?
It seems that default working directory in Sublime for a html file is wherever it has been saved. I would like to change the working directory for my html files to a folder that contains all of the files for my project. Hence, the following line of code works if my html files are in a html folder:
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/stylesheet1">
</head>

Thanks!


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Thanks for visiting us at AXPONA! Show pricing is available through May 1st.
As an avid audiophile for over 25 years, the idea of developing my own speaker has been germinating for a while. Verdant Audio blossomed into a reality more recently, when I had exhausted my speaker options- none of which were meeting my specific criteria. I had spent several years searching for a speaker that delivered everything I wanted; great looks, excellent separation of sound, immersive soundstage, and integration with my equipment-- all within a reasonable price point under $10,000. My wife challenged me to develop my own, and after much research and testing, I realized that composites were perfect materials to create a cabinet that delivered an amazing listening experience. Not used in many speakers on the market, these materials are rigid with superior sound damping properties. I then selected world-class drivers and collaborated with a master cross-over designer. The results were so impressive, that I decided to share my design with not only fellow audiophiles, but music lovers in general.
The mission of Verdant Audio is to offer a superb listening experience to anyone who considers music an integral part of their life. Perhaps you like to unwind to vinyl after a long day of work? Or maybe you couldn't think of hosting a party without a killer playlist. However you enjoy music, Verdant Audio will allow you to effortlessly relax, unwind, party, chill or meditate, without having to break the bank. Our speakers allow the music to bloom, transforming your room into the soundstage you deserve. We invite you to take a listen for yourself!
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OnFife helps kids get creative
Posted: 3 September 2021
You are here: HomeUncategorisedOnFife helps kids get creative
More than 500 children in some of Fife's hardest hit areas scribbled, sticky-taped and origami'd away their summer thanks to a partnership between OnFife and local foodbanks.
OnFife used money awarded by the Summer Programme Fund – funded by Museums Galleries Scotland as part of the Scottish Government's Get into Summer programme, supporting opportunities for children and young people to socialise, play and reconnect this summer – to run a season of fun and engaging experiences for families, such as outdoor book events for babies and toddlers, craft workshops and 'Make and Play' art bags for use at organised activities during the summer holidays. Total funding from Museums Galleries Scotland amounted to £13,558 for all initiatives.
However, the charity also gave 550 art bags out to families through foodbanks in some of Fife's hardest hit communities, including in Dunfermline, Glenrothes and Kirkcaldy, which include areas that are ranked among the 10% most deprived areas by the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation.
The bags contained crafting essentials such as scissors, glue, colouring pencils and sticky tape. Activities ranged from good old-fashioned colouring-in to mask making and 'jumping frog' origami.
Christine McLean, Head of Cultural Heritage and Wellbeing at OnFife, spearheaded the initiative as one of her first projects in post since joining the cultural charity recently. Christine says: "We believe inspiration is for everyone and know how valuable creativity is to our communities. That's why we were so excited to bring art to families hard-hit by the pandemic and austerity. We hope these have provided some inspiration over the summer holidays."
Foodbanks reported users were "over the moon" to receive the packs, with one family even taking home five bags. John Thompson, Co-ordinator at Dunfermline Foodbank, says: "The parcels have been well-received by families and certainly keep the children occupied. Hopefully the projects will spark their imagination."
Get 25% off Cinderella 2022 tickets!
Welcome aboard Fife's new mobile libraries
OnFife's Festive Opening Hours

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Trans Mountain: relaunch of controversial pipeline works
Trans Mountain, nationalized by the Canadian government, announced Wednesday the relaunch of the expansion of its controversial oil pipeline between the Pacific coast and the Alberta oil fields, hoping to have tripled its capacity by mid-2022.
"Trans Mountain has issued start-up notice directives to some of its major construction contractors" and "construction will soon begin in communities along the route," said a news release.
In particular, "this notably results in an immediate return to work at the Burnaby terminal and on land at the Westridge marine terminal", in the suburbs of Vancouver, it is specified.
These works are expected to triple the capacity of the Trans Mountain pipeline, to flow 890,000 barrels of oil per day over 1,150 km between Alberta, a province located on the third world reserve of black gold, and the suburbs of Vancouver, before exporting it to Asia.
If the missing work permits on certain segments "are granted as planned, the Trans Mountain expansion project will become operational by mid-2022," said the pipeline operator.
Justin Trudeau's government authorized in 2016 the American company Kinder Morgan to triple the capacity of its Trans Mountain oil pipeline, before completely nationalizing the project two years later in the face of the uncertainty hovering over its realization.
The expansion of this pipeline, which crosses the Rocky Mountains, is met with resistance from the province of British Columbia, from where this oil should be loaded onto ships. She took the case to court, supported by a coalition of environmentalists and indigenous communities.
A year ago, the justice system had ruled in opposition, notably by ruling that the environmental consequences of the expansion had not been taken into account.
read more Due to pandemic and strike, Cerrejón has stopped selling US $ 759 million
Faced with delays in this project described as "national interest" by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Ottawa nationalized this pipeline last year for CAD 4.4 billion.
This unprecedented decision had sparked the anger of the conservative opposition, a fierce defender of the petroleum industry, who saw it as a budgetary mismanagement, but also of environmentalists, deeming this measure contrary to the Paris Climate Agreement, including Canada. is a signatory.
This issue should be the subject of heated debates between the Liberals, the Conservatives and the Greens during the next legislative campaign.
Due to pandemic and strike, Cerrejón has stopped selling US $ 759 million
December 17, 2020 December 17, 2020 admin
Investment in agricultural machinery continues, but credit is lacking
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Q: PostgreSQL similar to operator behaviour I find PostgreSQL similar to operator works little strange. I accidentally checked for space in below query but surprised with the result.
select 'Device Reprocessing' similar to '%( )%' --return true
select 'Device Reprocessing' similar to '%()%' --return true
select 'DeviceReprocessing' similar to '%()%' --return true
Why 2nd and the 3rd query returns true? Is empty pattern always return true?
What I understand about SIMILAR TO operator is returns true or false depending on whether its pattern matches the given string.

A: You have defined a group with nothing in it, meaning anything will match.  I think you will find any string matches %()%, even an empty string.
Normally you would use this grouping to list options so:
select 'DeviceReprocessing' similar to '%(Davinci|Dog)%'

Would return false since it contains neither "Davinci" nor "Dog", but this:
select 'DeviceReprocessing' similar to '%(vice|Dog)%'

would return true since it does contain at least one of the options.
Your first condition is true because the expression does contain a space.
I actually prefer the Regular Expression notation that does not require the % wildcards:
select 'DeviceReprocessing' ~ 'vice|Dog'


You've probably heard of Black Friday. It orginated in America and every year on Black Friday stores across the country heavily discount items so everyone can enjoy a huge shopping bonanza. Now it's travelled across the waters and arrived in the UK.
Last year a whopping £810 million was spent, more than double the year before and there were tales of "handbags at dawn" as people fought in the aisles to grab a bargain.
So Green Thursday is all about doing the same but with an environmental theme. So the Green Centre will be heavily discounting items in our annual £1 sale.
If the orginal label says over a £1 then it becomes £1.
If the orginal label says £1 or under then you get 50% off.
We'll be open from 10.30am until 7.00pm on what will be the very last day of our season before we hibernate for winter.
We'll reconnect with you on Tuesday February 2nd 2016.


Ensure a bold visual impact with these spectacular fashion stud earrings. Crafted in sterling silver, each attention-getting design showcases a glistening 7.0 x 5.0mm oval-shaped lab-created iridescent opal cabochon encircled with glittering beaded details. A single lab-created white sapphire accent adds a hint of shimmer to the beaded border, while a brilliant sunburst frame of smaller round created opals completes this stunning evening-ready look. Polished to a bright shine, these one-of-a-kind post earrings secure comfortably with friction backs.


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Magical, Mystical Morocco
Stella Kaye
Stella has travelled widely throughout the Mediterranean and owns a holiday home there, so she has written extensively about this region.
Barter for Brassware and Get a Bargain!
Brassware and copperware make great souvenirs because they are unbreakable
Morocco as a Popular Tourist Destination
Morocco is fast becoming one of the most fashionable places in the world to visit and is even a popular destination with the rich and famous. Marrakesh, one of Morocco's four imperial cities has recently been voted as TripAdvisor's number one destination worldwide. Investors too are eager to purchase in Morocco which is always a positive sign. Prices for accommodation are generally more competitive than in Spain but are still of a high standard. If it is a value for money holiday you are searching for then Morocco is a destination worthy of consideration.
Entering The Medina
The Medina is a world apart from the rest of the town.
Copyright Stella Kaye
Vision 2010 and "The Plan Azur"
In 2001 the Moroccan Government announced a plan to boost the country's tourist industry. This is known as Vision 2010. Tourism is currently viewed as the way ahead for future prosperity. Morocco does not have reserves of oil and gas like other North African countries such as Algeria and Libya and it is impossible for the growing population to thrive on more traditional ways of making a living.
Within the foreseeable future, Moroccan shores will see the influx of many more tourists now that a proposed undersea tunnel link is well on its way to becoming reality. Morocco will be far more accessible to Europeans once the two continents of Europe and Africa are joined by road, just as France became easier to reach for the English when the Channel Tunnel was first constructed. New air routes are being negotiated and a whole new port is under construction on the Mediterranean coast.
Saidia is perhaps the part of Morocco that is seeing the most development and this is due to "The Plan Azur" (the part of Vision 2010 which pertains to coastal development). This is the King of Morocco's way forward to boost tourism and improve the infrastructure of the country. On Morocco's Mediterranean seaboard, Spanish developers are making this plan a reality and foreign investment in this region is now at an all-time high.
Shopkeeper in the Tetouan Medina
You will see traditional craftsmanship unchanged for centuries in the Medina
Couscous is the National Dish
A plate of Couscous can be a vegetarian meal or can be accompanied by meat or fish if desired
Typical Tourist Attractions And Places of Interest
Whether you chose to visit the coastal resorts or venture further inland there is no lack of attractions. Points of interest are made accessible by an impressive rail network and car hire is readily available for those who do not wish to be tied to the restrictions of a package holiday.
Marrakesh, deep in Morocco's interior with the snow-capped Atlas Mountains for a backdrop, has attracted names such as John Paul Gaultier, Yves Saint-Laurent, The Rolling Stones and Kate Moss. Colourful markets beckon from within the ancient red walls of the Medina, protecting a way of life practically unchanged for a thousand years but away from the bustling city are exclusive purpose-built developments with luxury health spas and golf and ski resorts. This traditional and modern mix is part of the appeal. Constantly bathed in cooling sprays of water to protect from oppressive temperatures, these oases of the wealthy are springing up like mirages in the desert to tempt tourists and investors alike.
The mystical, magical feel to places like Fez and Rabat, the capital, make the country attractive to creative and bohemian types as they filter in from mainland Spain. Fez is unique in that it has one of the finest examples of a medieval Medina in the world and also boasts gaily decorated houses that appeal to artists and photographers. The city was once the capital and offers an abundance of archaeological sites and museums for those who wish to rediscover a fascinating past. Terracotta houses tumble down the hillsides to form an idyllic setting for rural retreats.
Away from it all long term stays can easily be arranged for those with plenty of time to spare but if you happen to be an ordinary run-of-the-mill sun-worshipper in search of a two week break then Morocco is definitely the place to visit; here you have the choice of both the Atlantic seaboard and the calmer Mediterranean coastline to indulge in your favourite pastime.
Agadir to the south on Morocco's Atlantic coast lies almost opposite the Canary Islands and offers the ideal location for a memorable holiday. Hotels are modern and low rise and provide a wealth of leisure activities and every convenience for the discerning tourist. Daily excursions to a variety of locations are possible from here and your coach will deposit you back at your hotel in plenty time for your evening meal. Not to be missed is a day trip into the Anti-Atlas Mountains, an exciting journey through almond growing regions where precipitous winding roads give you remarkable views over palm-fringed valleys. You will spot whitewashed villages, perched high up in these remote regions, too inaccessible ever to be affected by tourism.
Analysis of Poem Sonnet 7 by William Shakespeare
The Mysterious Lady: Poem
From a base in Agadir, it is possible to visit Taroudannt, the oldest fortified town in Morocco and Tiznit where you can see silver jewellery still handcrafted in the traditional way. In order to see the edge of the Sahara, it is necessary to travel to the deep south of Morocco where the ancient camel trail to Timbuktu still departs from Goulimine, known as the "Gateway to the Desert." Here camels are laden with rare spices and commodities in preparation for their unenviable trek to the little-known country of Mali. You can mingle with The Touareg, a people more commonly known as "The Blue Men of the desert," so named because of the unique indigo colour of their garments which affords some protection from the intense ultraviolet light.
Essouria also on the Atlantic seaboard, as is Agadir, is a picturesque fishing town which too is rapidly embracing tourism. The art scene has made its presence felt here and was the film industry's chosen location for such star-studded productions as "The Kingdom of Heaven" and "Alexander."
Tangier is the Northernmost city and perhaps the most popular because of its proximity to Spain which lies only a short distance away across the Straits of Gibraltar. Here you will find a glorious sandy beach which is clean and well-appointed. Day-trippers from Spain are so intrigued by the unique atmosphere which Tangier has to offer that they are often tempted back for a longer stay. The superfast ferries whisk you across the narrow channel between Europe and North Africa in less than an hour so you can easily sample another culture and still have time to buy souvenirs. The delights of the Kasbah can be yours and you will have ample opportunity to haggle for inexpensive bargains and visit places of interest - all in the space of an afternoon before returning to Spain.
East of Tangier, it is possible to drive along the rocky Atlantic coastal route which eventually veers towards the calmer Mediterranean seaboard. On a clear day from vantage points along the route, you can see the Costas of southern Spain which are located only nine miles distant. There is Mount Moses which is reputedly the other half of the rock of Gibraltar. This area is a haven for photographers and naturalists, offering the peace and tranquillity that Southern Spain has now lost due to years of over-development. Several new towns are being built here and not just for the tourist but for the general populous who have been lured to the coast with the promise of higher wages.
As you journey further east you will arrive at the Spanish Port of Ceuta which is a duty-free haven. Ceuta belongs to Spain just as Gibraltar belongs to the British and it is said that if Britain returns Gibraltar to the Spanish then Spain will give Ceuta back to the Moroccans!
Almost ninety kilometres from Tangier you will find Marina Smir which is the Moroccan equivalent to the fashionable marinas of Spain's Puerto Banus. Here you can go scuba diving, deep sea fishing or just lounge around on the quayside envying the pleasure craft of the rich. The sands here are golden and easily rival that of the Caribbean. It is rumoured that the King of Morocco likes to go jet skiing here and has one of his seven palaces nearby.
Further east is the quaint fishing town of M'diq and Tetouan which has a Medina high in the mountains just as inviting as the one in Tangier. Here you can stroll through ancient cobbled streets and admire the architecture if bargain hunting is not your aim, although canny shopkeepers will try to tempt you into their shops with the promise of refreshing mint tea. There is no obligation to buy but it is hard to resist when you are treated like a celebrity and are shown a colourful selection of hand-made carpets for your individual appraisal.
This article highlights but few of Morocco's places of interest; there are many other exciting places to visit which are within daily travelling distance of the main tourist destinations. You can travel by air to Marrakesh and experience the country's interior or fly to Agadir to discover the south but arriving by ferry from Spain or by air to Tangier is perhaps the best way to discover the north of the country if you are coming from Europe.
In the Medina
The Medina takes on a new persona at dusk
Experience Culture and Diversity
The Moroccan people are friendly and helpful but are perhaps not quite as geared up to tourism on a grand scale compared to other largely Islamic countries such as Turkey or Tunisia. Poverty is still a huge problem but tourism seems to be providing a partial solution at least in those regions that appeal to the tourist. Morocco's currency is the Dirham and as this is a closed currency, you will not be able to buy before you travel. At time of writing, there are 16.5 Dirhams to the UK pound or 8.4 Dirhams to the US Dollar. Trade links are excellent and the exchange rates are good so Morocco is embracing tourism as the way ahead.
Morocco offers a unique holiday experience which promises not to cost a fortune. Hotels and apartments are plentiful and travel between points of interest is efficient and reliable. Taxis are abundant and car hire easily found. Tour guides and taxi drivers are generally reliable and crime is almost unheard of. Souvenirs such as inexpensive leather goods of all descriptions from shoes, handbags and wallets can be found on every street market and items such as ornate jewel boxes and beautifully woven carpets in every design and colour can be bought in the more exclusive boutiques. A wide variety of food is available prepared mainly from locally produced ingredients and the national dish of couscous is served often with a simple accompaniment of lamb and vegetables. All in all, it is easy to see why Morocco is such a popular destination.
Bustling Marketplace in Morocco
The market place is bustling with locals and tourists alike
© 2015 Stella Kaye
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The Aquinas Institute is hosting a baseball camp February 18-21 for children in grades K-2 from 9:00 - 10:30 a.m. and children in grades 3-6 from 10:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. The camp fee is $70, group rates are available. Each camper will receive a free t-shirt!
Complete and return the registration form below to reserve your child's spot!


A one-sided understanding of the "people-oriented" concept has often evolved to meet the short-term needs of the minority and to sacrifice the long-term development of all humanity. In fact, this concept of "living" with the realization of the interests of a small number of individuals (including certain businesses and consumers) has deliberately erased the boundaries between humans and the human population, long-term and current.
In contemporary China, how should we reinterpret and define the "people-oriented" cultural concept? We know that in the Spring and Autumn Period, Lao Tzu once put forward the idea of "Heaven and Man together", although his intention is to hope that people will be ashamed and innocent and be able to integrate into heaven and earth as much as the primitive society in the early days, but the negative aspects of their thoughts will be removed. Apart from the ingredients, this concept of harmony with nature is still a great reference for us today; it is only that we have put our eyes on more long-term perspectives and put our mentality more aggressive and will The "original" of this principle is placed on the sustainable development of human society. Then, in the face of the crisis caused by many alienations, how can we set things in order to seek the sustainable development of human society? I believe that to achieve sustainable development, we must always rely on scientific and technological advancement and always uphold the banner of "green, humanities, and science and technology."
The multiple connotations of green packaging design are attributed to the concept of "green design" on the concept of packaging design culture, covering many aspects: the protection of the ecology, the awareness of environmental protection, the consciousness of human health and safety, the design concept of sustainable development, and the nature Comfortable and simple design concept. Starting from environmental protection, it aims to create an ecological environment that is pollution-free, beneficial to human health, and conducive to human survival and reproduction. Therefore, green design is not only a technical consideration, but more importantly, it is an ideological change. It requires designers to give up the excessive emphasis on product appearance design innovation and focus on the real sense Innovation above, in a more responsible attitude and method to create a product form, with a more simple, lasting shape to make the product extend its life as much as possible, while conveying the green, humanistic spirit of the idea, so in the material and spiritual Two levels make their own contribution to the development of society.
On the one hand: Green packaging design can boldly alleviate the dual pressure of resource crisis and pollution prevention and control. For example, the standards of department store packaging formulated by the Japan Department Stores Association Committee: packaging raw materials or devices must not endanger human health, and should minimize the use of packaging materials that are difficult to degrade after being discarded; try to reduce the packaging volume; the free volume inside the container should not exceed the product Two percent of the volume. The committee also insisted on adopting the simplest packaging method and even required zero packaging efforts. From the above points of environmental protection, we can see that the focus of green packaging design should be on the beneficial to human health, prevention and control of pollution, and the close relationship between the reuse of resources, and its end result is still on the sustainable development of human society. on.
On the other hand, the impact of green packaging design is reflected in the ideas it contains, and on the impact of people's concepts, the concept of green constantly conveys the concept of "caring for the environment and caring for health" and leads people to abandon the life that is harmful to their physical and mental health. Ways to explore more meaningful living spaces for individuals and groups of life. As a result, the concept of green design resonates with humanism and humanistic spirit in the survival and the difficulty of life.
We often say that the packaging design culture of each ethnic group forms a design culture system, and each packaging design culture of a certain era also forms its own cultural system. Different packaging design culture systems contain some common cultures. The factors also include a number of different cultural factors. The former represents the universality of the packaging design culture and the latter represents the particularity of the packaging design. Every ethnic packaging design culture has its own human part. The human nature of packaging design lies in the nationality, while the eternality lies in the times. In this case, the dialectical unity of the packaging design culture. Well, when we put the concept of green design into consideration in this dialectical unity of cultural outlook, we find that its implication is to a large extent tend to be common, and of course, in a sense, to express this commonality It is the personality of the current design concept, namely the humanity in the nationality, the eternality in the era, and the universality in the particularity. As a result, it also gives us more confidence in confirming the correctness of the green design concept. Because, in a sense, green, humanities, and science and technology are inherently unified. Green not only means environmental protection, but also includes the pursuit of natural tranquility away from embarrassment and filth. The humanities are not only humanitarian in the traditional sense. It includes not only human love, grief, etc., but also life and life. With love and respect, the humanities have become an intrinsic pursuit of culture and civilization, expressing a hope for peace in the world and harmony of all things, thereby demonstrating that mankind's clear understanding of foreign objects and self-responsiveness and calm response; as far as technology, As the first productive force to promote social development, it plays an irreplaceable and important role in contemporary life. It constantly transforms the world and humanity at an amazing speed. However, science and technology is a double-edged sword. While benefiting mankind, it constantly breaks through rational norms and pushes mankind to the edge of sin and destruction. As a result, technology has not only become an important driving force for social progress, but has also become a topic of concern and expression in art design.
In today's world, "green packaging" has gradually become an international trend, reflecting China's national conditions, (China's average per capita possession of resources is low, while the people's awareness of environmental protection is not strong, the technical level is relatively weak, the task of environmental protection is a long way to go). We must also have the responsibility to put the issue of "green packaging" first. From the perspective of recycling of packaging materials, ease of handling, and reduction of pollution, we started researching and developing new types of "green packaging materials." Legislation to strengthen environmental protection. As a big exporter and having joined the WTO situation, we should also emphasize the greenization of export goods packaging to meet the needs of international green trade.
From the perspective of our own health and national interests, or in terms of the sustainable development of human society and the prosperity of the world, we should pay close attention and pay enough attention to green packaging design. For green packaging design, hope that the above discussion can help its healthy development.


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Trefoil.tv | Canali TV | Bangladesh | NTV
Bangladesh - Televisioni locali
ATN Bangla is a Bengali language digital cable television channel. The channel transmits from its studio in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and is also transmitted throughout South Asia, the Middle-East, Europe, and North America. The channel offers a wide variety of programming that includes news, movies, dramas and talk shows NTV is a Bengali language satellite television channel based in Bangladesh. It started operation in 2003. It is one of the most popular Bengali TV channels in the country. In the anniversary of the channel, the founder expressed interest in creating NTV2 to satisfy the watchers further. The channel broadcasts coverage of news, soap operas, educational, religious and politics related programs.
Indirizzo: BSEC Building (6th Floor) 102, Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue Karwan Bazar Dhaka – 1215, Bangladesh
Telefono: +88 02 9143381 upto 5
NTV 1/5 based on 1 Votes
TC Mi Canal
Ecuador - Televisioni locali
Desde 1969; dedicados a satisfacer las necesidades de...
IRIB 3
Iran - Sport
شبکه ۳ سیمای جمهوری اسلامی ایران که در تداول عامه با نام شبکهٔ...
Aura TV - Channel 2
Aura TV - Televisión especializada en tarot, videncia y teleayuda...
ZNS-TV
Bahamas - Generale
ZNS is a national radio and TV broadcaster operated by the...
His Channel
Stati Uniti d'America - Religione
Christian TV Channel...


Join SNMMI-TS President Norman Bolus, MSPH, CNMT, FSNMMI-TS, for a 30-minute, on-demand webinar and learn more about the characteristics of thallium-201 chloride, a cardiac imaging alternative during the current Mo-99 shortage.
Explain the characteristics of thallium-201 chloride.
Describe the general procedure for performing thallium-201 cardiac imaging.
Discuss the redistribution property and concerns when using thallium-201 chloride for cardiac imaging.


Programs: Due to current work travel patterns just A-List with WN - and that's enough!
It probably also depends on fuel prices. I imagine the higher they are, the sooner the A380 is likely to be phased out (on a sliding scale).
The fuel cost is not a big factor in A380s as the fuel used per passenger is still competitive. Not as good as for A359 or B789, but still better than A330 or B77W.
While the A380 is relatively comfortable in economy when full at the weekends (especially in the upper deck Y compartment), there is nothing better (in the economy travelling world) than a Wednesday flight on an empty A380.
I understand the A380 is competitive on a fuel-per-seat basis. That is not the issue. The issue is the massive number of seats on the A380.
In times of higher fuel prices, airlines tend to increase fares (or implement "fuel surcharges," which to the consumer has the same result). All else being equal, higher prices = less demand = more difficult to fill lots of huge aircraft that need to be full to be profitable. So that could spur a more rapid retirement of A380s.
I would hope they keep it just for the F cabin.
Not really. If you consider the slots available on the major trunk routes (both at the airport as well as enroute, AFPAK and Russia have severe restrictions and cost a pretty penny) it still makes sense to fly A380s between say SIN/HND/PEK/SFO and FRA/MUC. Higher fuel prices don't put a dent in demand, A380s flew fine when we had 120$ oil not so long ago.
Lufthansa seems to think otherwise and will sell 6 A380 in 2022/23 to Airbus.
OT a little but I got told by a senior purser this week who's been with LH for over 35 years that they're being told F will most likely be on the new aircraft as 4 seats. I am the first to take what I hear from "Galley FM" with a grain of salt, but I've always thought this could make sense on a number of routes.
It makes sense compared to "peer" airlines. AF's new La Premiere is only one row, as is SQ's F. I'm fine with that.
Smaller planes, smaller first cabin. Why not. As long as they have some big birds for the routes where F is usually 6/8 or more.
I haven't done AF yet but I really like SQ's 4 seat 777 F.
I actually am eager to try the new AF La Premiere. Seems like a great product. If only transiting through CDG wasn't so horrible, but I hear that's getting better too for F passengers.
Still I'd be spending a lot of money for an F ticket that nets me points into a loyalty program I just don't use and overall find to be among the worst alliances out there.


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        <fullName>Rep. Rosen, Jacky [D-NV-3]</fullName>
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Chocolate Peanut Butter Rice Crispy Bars are a recipe that I got from one of my friends. I didn't alter a thing and have used this recipe for school birthday treats for my daughter and bake sales and the kids just love them.
In a kettle, melt butterscotch chips and peanut butter on low heat. Mix in rice cereal. Spread 1/2 of the mixture in a 9x13 pan and refrigerate. Set the other 1/2 on the side. In a second kettle, melt the chocolate chips, sugar, butter, water and vanilla. Take out refrigerated pan and spread the chocolate mixture on top. Next, spread the remaining peanut butter mixture on top of the chocolate.
Click here for more recipes like Chocolate Peanut Butter Rice Crispy Bars!


Lithuania has emerged as the country providing the best public WiFi services, beating out wealthier nations such as Singapore and the United Kingdom, according to the results of a new survey based on users' experiences. The speed and quality of public hotspots have been tested in 184 countries.
The Eastern European country has been investing heavily in free public WiFi that's among the fastest in the world and this year was recorded at an average of 16.1 Mbps, the survey, carried out by UK-based tech watchdog Rotten WiFi, said. It was the second such annual survey and last year Lithuania also scooped the top spot.
Rotten WiFi, which has declared 2nd December International Public WiFi Day, collates information on countries' WiFi networks based on the real-life experiences of people travelling through them. Nearby Estonia took the second place for best public WiFi, with an average download speed of 14.8 Mbps, followed by Southeast Asian powerhouse Singapore in third, at 13.1 Mbps on average.
The UK landed in sixth place (11.7 Mbps), the same as last year, where as the US – where the Internet was largely developed and where most of the world's biggest internet companies are located – dropped of Top 20 list.
The majority of countries in the Top 20 are located in Europe, only couple in North America and one in Asia. The survey also recorded clients' satisfaction with WiFi systems while travelling and this year satisfaction rank in the top list is 4 or 5 out of 10 based on NPS method.
Rotten WiFi co-founder Arturas Jonkus said it was important to identify which countries have the best, and worst, WiFi as it would serve to help develop networks and therefore make the experience better for people traveling around the world who increasingly rely on WiFi to stay connected with friends and family and do work on the go.
"It has become a tradition to announce the top countries with the best public WiFi. We are thankful for the users of our apps as they keep testing public WiFi and sharing it with others. We believe this will help to improve public WiFi services worldwide," he said.


text:
Q: Land cover change - need help with land cover classes I'm very much new to using ArcGIS and to this forum. For my thesis, I have a raster map of Indonesia where I only look at three types of land cover retrieved from the ESA-CCI dataset. These involve: croplands, forest and grassland. I merged several land cover classes representing "croplands" as one value, the same I did for forest. In other words, I basically reclassified my land cover classes.
However, some land cover classes within "croplands" involve mosaic classes, where I had to assume my own cropland fraction (%). For example, for Mosaic cropland (>50%)/natural vegetation (tree,shrub,herbaceous cover)(<50%), I assume a cropland fraction of 60% and 40% respectively.
How do I set this fraction in my map?
Since the overall objective is to quantify how much forests has been converted (100%, one entire pixel basically) into croplands and grassland in a given year.

A: At the resolution of the ESA land cover CCI map (300 m) pure pixels are extremely rare (except if you account for pixels in the middle of the ocean). This is why the LCCS-based legends makes used of mixed land cover classes.
If you want a percentage of forest loss based on the ESA CCI dataset, I recommand you not to merge the classes before computing the change trajectories, so that you can use a different ratio for each class. If you don't have higher resolution product (nor the time to visually estimate this proportion on a sample of pixels) to estimate your average tree cover per class, then the safest is to use proportions at the middle of each class. Make sure to use this proportion at a regional scale, because the average value will be very unprecise at the pixel scale.
You can also have a look at the method described in this paper or increase the spatial resolution of your forest change using the 30 m forest change dataset from Global Forest Change. For the latter, you can document the type of forest loss at 30 m based on the most likely class at 300m.


Cover coverage for fans – We love featuring fans works of art and creations on the cover, so you can always to see some fan alterations with each cover we do!
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Diverse populations in Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, etc. maintained their own evolutionary trajectory without significant replacement.
The theory that modern people evolved first in Africa and then spread to inhabit virtually all the world, out-competing or destroying other human populations in the process.
modern h. sapiens evolvded first in africa. once in europe and asia they interbred with populations they encountered. neandertals. this admixture is the foundation for modern h. sapiens living outside of africa today.
The middle part of the Old Stone Age, associated with Mousterian tools, which Neandertals produced using the Levallois technique.
The oldest part of the period during which the first stone tools were created and used, beginning with the Oldowan Complex.
The New Stone Age; prehistoric period beginning about 10,000 years ago in which people possessed stone-based technologies and depended on domesticated crops and/or animals.
An evolutionary process whereby humans modify, either intentionally or unintentionally, the genetic makeup of a population of plants or animals, sometimes to the extent that members of the population are unable to survive and/or reproduce without human assistance.
Cultivation of crops carried out with simple hand tools such as digging sticks or hoes.
A technique for the recovery of plant remains from archaeological sites. Sediments or pit contents are poured into water or heavy liquid; the lighter, carbonized plant remains float to the top for recovery, while the heavier sediments and other materials fall to the bottom.
The process by which the adoption of an innovation spreads.
a land bridge thought to have connected what are now Siberia and Alaska.
Species of large animals that became extinct in many areas of the world, including the Americas and Australia, toward the end of the Pleistocene.
The selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to encourage the occurrence of desirable traits.
Colorado 9.4kya Bison kill site off of cliff- strategic hunting.
Location: Earliest known fossils are found in Africa, then worldwide.
Places where animals were killed in the past.
Proposed by V.Gordon Childe, it argues that animal domestication arose as people, plants, and animals congregated around water sources during the arid years that followed the Pleistocene. In this scenario, agriculture arose because of "some genius" and preceded animal domestication.
Interpretation of archaeological remains by comparison to historical cultures.
Two species adapt in response to each other.


text:
STARKETT LEVEE
Noel Hattem
Merch (U know U want it)
Noel Hattem singer/songwriter, keyboardist/guitar player from New York City, began playing piano and studying music at the age of nine, and sang in his elementary school glee club. His main interest in Rock began with the legacy of the 60's and continued into the Progressive and New Wave Rock movements.
Gravitating toward darker edges while drawing from various sources with a mixture of Hard Edge, Punk, and Alternative, Hattem maintains a contemporary connection with today's Indie Rock.
Over the years, Hattem has fronted and performed in local NYC bands such as At The Same Time, Race For Space, The Nth Degree and Kryptic Friction. Hattem has three recorded Rock songs in the permanent music collection of the 9/11 Memorial.org Museum in NYC.
Being a rock artist is the platform that sustains him. When pressed for more Hattem puts it simply: "I don't really have much more to say. I tap into a song from self-reflection and personal experience and/or hand me the mic and let's rock."