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Sun Selects
Sun Jobs
CREDIT TO YOU
Universal Credit calculator: How much can you get?
Hollie Borland
Sara Benwell
UNIVERSAL Credit is a single monthly payment that rolls six benefits into one.
The payments are calculated depending on your individual circumstances so yours won't necessarily be the same as someone else's.
Universal Credit is supposed to help people get back into workCredit: Alamy
It's designed to help people on lower incomes, but the government says it should also help people get back into work.
But the more you work the more your benefits will be affected.
This is because Universal Credit is subject to the taper rate, which means that for every £1 you earn over a certain allowance, 55p is deducted from your payments.
The rate was reduced from 63p in the Autumn Budget of October 2021 and was a victory for the Sun's campaign to make Universal Credit work.
Universal Credit calculators
TRYING to work out how much Universal Credit you can get can be overwhelming.
There are so many different elements that can affect your claim that it makes the whole process even more complicated.
There are a number of free calculators that you can use to help you get an estimate, such as Gov.uk, Citizen's Advice, MoneySavingExpert, StepChange and Turn2Us.
Details of all your income, such as existing benefits, tax credits, earnings from employment and your pensions,
Details of your partner's income if you're married, in a civil partnership or living with someone as a couple. You will be assessed as a couple'
Information on any savings you have,
How much you pay in Council Tax per year and whether you get any discounts, reductions or exemptions,
Details of your rent or mortgage payments,
Employment and income information about anyone else living with you, such as grown-up children,
Details about your Carer's Allowance if you receive it.
You need to make sure that the information is as accurate as possible so that you can get the truest estimate.
How much Universal Credit can I get?
How much Universal Credit you are entitled to depends on your individual circumstances, such as how many children you have, how much money you earn and how many people you live with.
But it's also affected by the benefit cap, which limits the amount of welfare you can get.
The benefit cap outside greater London is:
£384.62 per week (£20,000 a year) if you're in a couple
£384.62 per week (£20,000 a year) if you're a single parent and your children live with you
£257.69 per week (£13,400 a year) if you're a single adult
The benefit cap inside greater London is:
Universal Credit claimants had their payments boosted by £1,040 (£20 a week) during the pandemic but this suppor stopped in October.
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How is my Universal Credit calculated?
First the Department for Work and Pensions works out how much your household is entitled to, but then it may be affected by deductions or sanctions.
Your partner's circumstances will be taken into account if you live together, even if you're not married.
Everyone who is accepted on Universal Credit will be entitled to a Standard Allowance - how much you get depends on whether you're single or not.
Single and aged under 25: £257.33 per month
Single and aged 25 or over: £324.84 per month
Joint claimants both aged under 25: £403.93 per month
Joint claimants where one is aged 25 or over: £509.91 per month
Once the DWP has worked out your household allowance it will take into account any claims for additional elements, such as money for children, housing or disabilities.
Here's all the elements you may be entitled to:
Child element
If your child is under the age of 16 then you can may be entitled to:
£282.50 per month for first or only child born before 6 April 2017
£237.08 per month per child in all other circumstances
You can only claim this element for a maximum of two children unless you have twins or you've adopted.
If your child has a disability you may also be entitled to:
£128.89 per month per child receiving DLA or PIP
£402.41 per month per child if they qualify for the the highest rate of the Disability Living Allowance (DLA) care component, enhanced rate of PIP for daily living or are registered blind.
Childcare costs element
Working parents can claim up to 85 per cent of childcare costs, up to a maximum of £646.35 a month for one child, or £1,108.04 a month for two or more children.
Unfortunately, parents have to front the upfront costs of sending their child to nursery or with a childminder.
This is stopping thousands of parents from getting back into work, which is why we're calling on the government to change this.
Housing costs element
Universal Credit can help you pay your rent, or part of it, as well as some service charges.
How much you get depends on whether you're a private or social tenant.
Private tenants
The amount is based on Local Housing Allowance where you live, which determines rental prices in the area for the number of rooms you need.
For example, a single person without children will be able to claim the average cost of renting a one bedroom flat in the area.
Social housing tenants
You benefit is calculated based on your eligible rent, which takes into account the number of rooms you actually need.
You're allowed one bedroom for each adult couple, each person over 16, two children of the same sex under 16, two children under 10 regardless of gender, any other child, overnight carer who doesn't live with you full time.
If you have more bedrooms than you need then your eligible rent is reduced by 14 per cent for one spare, or 15 percent for two or more spares.
If your household has no other income or savings then you'll receive the full amount that you're entitled to.
Carer element
Those caring for a severely disabled person for at least 35 hours a week will get £163.73 a month.
If you're making a joint claim you can both receive the carers element but not if you're caring for the same person.
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Limited capability for work element
You will need to undergo a Work Capability Assessment before you're able to claim this element.
If you satisfy the tests you will either get the limited capability for work element (LCW) at £120 per month or the limited capability for work related activity element (LCWRA) at £205 per month
You won't be entitled if you earn more than the equivalent of 16 hours a week at the National Minimum Wage.
It's worth noting that this element has been abolished for most new claimants since April 3 2017.
What are the Universal Credit changes October 2019 and how they will affect you?
Can I work while on Universal Credit?
The government says that the flagship welfare system has been designed to help people get back into work.
As a result, you can work as many hours as you want while claiming benefits but it may reduce the amount you get.
That's because your wages will be subject to the taper rate: for every £1 you earn, your Universal Credit payment will go down 55p.
If you've got a job and a child who depends on you or you can't work as much because of an illness then you may be qualify for a work allowance.
This is the amount you can earn every month before the taper rate kicks in.
If you get help with your housing costs then this will be set at £335, or £557 if you don't.
If you don't get a work allowance then all of your salary is subject to the taper rate.
What to do if you have problems claiming Universal Credit
IF you're experiencing trouble applying for your Universal Credit, or the payments just don't cover costs, here are your options:
Apply for an advance - Claimants are able to get some cash within five days rather than waiting weeks for their first payment. But it's a loan which means the repayments will be automatically deducted from your future Universal Credit pay out.
Alternative Payment Arrangements- If you're falling behind on rent, you or your landlord may be able to apply for an APA which will get your payment sent directly to your landlord. You might also be able to change your payments to get them more frequently, or you can split the payments if you're part of a couple.
Budgeting Advance - You may be able to get help from the government to help with emergency household costs of up to £348 if you're single, £464 if you're part of a couple or £812 if you have children. These are only in cases like your cooker breaking down or for help getting a job. You'll have to repay the advance through your regular Universal Credit payments. You'll still have to repay the loan, even if you stop claiming for Universal Credit.
Cut your Council Tax - You might be able to get a discount on your Council Tax or be entitled to Discretionary Housing Payments if your payments aren't enough to cover your rent.
Foodbanks - If you're really hard up and struggling to buy food and toiletries, you can find your local foodbank who will provide you with help for free. You can find your nearest one on the Trussel Trust website.
What else can lower my payments?
Any other income that you have that isn't work or benefit related, such as a pension, will see £1 taken from your Universal Credit payment for every £1 of income.
If you have savings when you apply for Universal Credit then they may also lower your payments.
You may also receive less than what you're entitled to because your payment is subject to deductions.
This could be because you need to repay an advance or budgeting loan or you've previously been overpaid Tax Credits.
You may also see money come off your payment because you've fallen behind on your rent, council tax or energy bills.
These deductions are payments that go directly to your landlord or housing association, the council or your energy provider to help pay off your debt.
Make Universal Credit Work
XMAS CRISIS
Dad on Universal Credit gets just £5 for Christmas after 'missed appointments'
BENEFIT BLOW
Universal Credit loophole could see thousands of Christmas payments slashed
NOW UC ME
Extra Universal Credit cash WILL be in bank accounts of over 1m Brits before Xmas
PAYDAY PAIN
What is a Universal Credit advance payment? How to apply and pay it back
We round up 11 Universal Credit loopholes – including how to apply for extra cash help.
News Group Newspapers Ltd is an Introducer Appointed Representative of Compare The Market Limited, which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FRN 778488). Compare The Market Limited, registered in England and Wales No. 10636682. Registered Office: Pegasus House, Bakewell Road, Orton Southgate, Peterborough, PE2 6YS.
Work and Pensions Secretary Therese Coffey asked about govt's latest stance on Universal Credit
Money explainers
OUT OF CREDIT
Thousands on Universal Credit could get pay out after DWP loses legal battle
TARIF-FIC
Struggling Brits to get 'more help' with energy bills as Gov reviews £500 payouts
CASH BOOST
Thousands of households could grab £100 FREE towards food costs - how to apply
SHAMEFUL SHAMBLES
Huge state pension error means thousands were underpaid by up to £128,000


Great hotel and lovely suite with everything you would need. Will definitely stay again when in the area. Famous Dave's BBQ down the road is great for food and beer.
The loud noise early in the morning was really obnoxious!
Nice place with a great breakfast offering. Too bad there isn't some way of controlling the gluttony of some of the guests that graze at the breakfast bar for an hour trying to see if they can deny food for everyone else.
Denise was very supportive and helpful before and upon my arrival . I appreciate the cleanliness and amenities available as well.


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Member Spotlight: Rep. Ed Perlmutter (D-CO)
On December 27, 2021 December 27, 2021 By Marc Martinez
An alumnus of University of Colorado's law school with a special interest in business law, Representative Ed Perlmutter was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2006 in Colorado's 7th District. Currently serving his seventh term, Rep. Perlmutter was previously elected to the Colorado State Senate in 1994 after working for his father's construction company and practicing business law locally for 25 years.
Why He's Important to Agents
Rep. Perlmutter serves on the House Financial Services Committee, which has jurisdiction over most insurance issues. Notable for PIA, the congressman has led the way on the Secure and Fair Enforcement Banking Act (SAFE Banking Act), a PIA top legislative priority.
The SAFE Banking Act protects insurance agents who insure marijuana-related businesses from reprisal by the federal government. It is also designed to allow tightly regulated marijuana businesses to access banking services such as loans. Nearly every state has legalized cannabis to some degree. PIA's position is respectful of state insurance laws; we seek to protect independent agents from criminal prosecution for engaging in the sale of insurance to businesses that are legal according to state law.
The SAFE Banking Act has wide bipartisan support and passed the House in September 2019, but stalled in the Senate. The SAFE Banking Act (H.R. 1996) was reintroduced this Congress in the House in March 2021 by Rep. Perlmutter with over 180 co-sponsors. The bill passed the House twice in 2021 but has not advanced in the Senate.
PIA will continue to work with Rep. Perlmutter to urge passage of the SAFE Banking Act in the 117th Congress.
Cannabis Safe HarborMember spotlight
No Surprises Act: Disclosure Requirement Update

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Nov 17 2006 Issue
Multiple-family construction best in last 20 years
Grey Cup's hallowed history — showcase of Canada's unique brand of football
What a REALTOR® does for you
A flurry of new multi-family starts during October contributed to more than double the housing activity in Winnipeg and the surrounding municipalities when compared to the same month in 2005, according to Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation.
"With these new complexes coming on board, 2006 will be the best year in almost 20 for multiple-family construction in Winnipeg," said Lyndsey Krepela, a market analyst for CMHC.
Several new complexes in Winnipeg and the surrounding municipalities broke ground in October, pushing multi-family starts — semi-detached, row and apartment — to 416 units, a substantial increase when compared to the 101 units started in October last year.
To date, there have been 1,034 multiple-family starts which is 40 per cent higher than the 739 units from January to October 2005.
While multiple-family starts are thriving, CMHC said single-family starts declined in October and year-to-date.
In October there were 12 per cent fewer units started than the 168 in the same month in 2005.
For the year-to-date, single-family starts reached 1,481 units by the end of October, compared to 1,499 units during the first 10 months last year.
"Although we have seen a year-over-year decline in single-family starts in recent months, it is important to note that so far this year, we are posting the third-strongest performance since 1990 for single-family units in Winnipeg and the census metropolitan area," said Krepela.
Because of the strong performance of multiple-family starts, total housing starts of all types in the first 10 months this year exceeded 2,500 units for the first time since 1989, reaching a total of 2,515 units. During the same period in 2005, there were only 2,238 total starts.
Across Canada, housing starts rebounded in October, according a CMHC press release.
The seasonally-adjusted annual rate of housing starts rose to 223,200 units in October from 209,000 units in
"The rise in housing starts in October reflects a rebound in the volatile multiple-starts segment," said Bob Dugan, CMHC's chief economist, 'which registered a two-year low in September.
"Single starts, the bellwether component of the new home market, fell to their second lowest level of the year.
"Despite the increase in October," he added, "the pace of housing starts has been slower since August compared to the first half of 2006. This is consistent with our view that residential construction will decrease gradually between now and the end of 2007.
For the first 10 months of 2006, total actual starts in all urban and rural areas across Canada increased 1.6 per cent over last year, CMHC reported.
Looking at only urban areas, the year-to-date increase in housing starts was slightly lower at 1.3 per cent.


Lauren and Josh took a non-traditional approach when it came to the color scheme of their wedding at Mariott Waterside Hotel in Tampa. They chose crimson and bright fuchsia as the central theme, and brought the two colors together with cream and ivory. This wedding oozed with passion and life, with a hint of playful fun!
You can probably tell by the pictures that Lauren and Josh did not let any detail go unnoticed… all the way down to the groomsman's matching fuchsia and paisley ties! We are sure you will enjoy this wedding photo collection as much as we do, and don't forget to take a look at those pretty, pink tulips too!
La Vie en Rose provided all florals, centerpieces and votives for this event. Thank you to Carrie Wildes Photography for the great images!
Ivory roses, fuchsia roses, and hydrangea…those dresses are gorgeous behind these bouquets. What a color palette!
Simple and bright, these single rose boutonnieres payed compliment to the groomsman's attire.
A closeup of the bridesmaid bouquets shows the hydrangea and roses arranged in perfect harmony.
The bride's bouquet is made up of ivory roses, and is wrapped with a traditional ivory wrap.
The ceremony stage is set…two tall arrangements await a bride and groom. The candle will be lit soon, and it will be official!
Simple mercury bud vases hold a single rose, while the table is lit up with floating candle cylinders. This centerpiece is simple but makes a big statement.
The sweetheart table tulips! They look gorgeous next to the fuchsia roses, and the white stock with bear grass hangs down to make this pretty arrangement look a little wild and fresh!
The cake is undoubtedly intricate, and how did we get all those roses and hydrangea in between those layers? Very carefully!
A few of the guest tables were adorned with these larger arrangements that matched the sweet heart table.
This made it all one cohesive design, despite the little differences throughout the room.


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Top Trends in Electric Vehicle Design
The Electric Vehicle industry is expected to undergo as much development in the next 10 years as ICE-powered vehicles did in their first 100!
ENGINEERING & DESIGN PLM THOUGHT LEADERSHIP
Home>Blog>ENGINEERING & DESIGN>Top Trends in Electric Vehicle Design
Advanced Creative Design
Increased Range
Growing EV Production
Electrify ICE
Accelerate EV Innovation
With oil prices soaring, resources shrinking and environmental pressures mounting, it's little wonder that we're seeking out alternatives to petrol cars.
Some, like the UK, Norway, France and Germany, have even brought in legislation banning the sale of new non-electric vehicles as early as 2025. This makes the Electric Vehicle (EV) industry one of the most exciting, relevant and necessary areas of innovation today.
But it's not easy to roll out a viable alternative to the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). Breakthrough technologies open up new possibilities all the time. But transforming these into motors, control technologies and batteries, refining and perfecting models, and encouraging widespread adoption takes time.
This is an area where Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) proves incredibly valuable. By mapping and streamlining the process of product design and creation, EV entrepreneurs can seize on the latest developments in the industry. Manage relationships with OEMs, partners, suppliers and customers. Reducing product development times and bring new ideas to market quickly, efficiently and with minimal resources.
Here are some of the key trends that are shaping the EV industry today.
Today's EV buyers are demanding. They don't just expect innovative technology under the hood, they also expect beautiful design, smart use of space (including for batteries and fuel cells), plenty of choice and, of course, excellent safety standards. By embracing next-generation PLM, EV creators are driving up vehicle variants and driving down development times and product lifecycles to meet these demands.
Autonomous, self-driving vehicles have caught the interest of fleet and private consumers alike. Take companies like Einride, the Swedish company behind the T-pod and T-log, which has developed a system whereby an operator can remotely control multiple self-driving trucks at once, cutting out the need for a large, dedicated team of full-time operators and drivers. This level of efficiency is reinventing whole markets.
A major challenge for EVs is their limited range compared to ICE. Overall operating costs are often lower, but when you factor in the availability of refueling options, speed and convenience, ICE still has the advantage. EVs take much longer to recharge and run out of power faster. Developers are experimenting with a number of possible solutions, including interim options like range-extending hybrids, and intriguing long-term alternatives such as the solar-powered car.
EVs are potentially cheaper to run and maintain than traditional cars. Unsurprisingly, that's making them an easier sell for consumers – and in turn, that's increasing demand for more EVs in a broader range of models. The great thing about the EV powertrain is that it's a simple, largely interchangeable component, so OEMs can focus on other details, customer requirements and niche markets without worrying too much about this element.
So popular are EVs that even established ICE giants are now moving towards converting their ICE-powered vehicles to hybrid or fully electric. To take advantage of this trend, EV design teams are looking beyond EV-only products. The best are using advanced PLM tools to figure out how to work smarter, analyzing their designs and simulating a wide range of environments to see how their ideas can be adapted for ICE-to-EV conversions, swiftly and efficiently.
What do Tesla, BMW and Faraday Future have in common? Yes, they're all leaders in the EV space. But they've also achieved this with the help of powerful, world-leading PLM technology.
This allows them to track precisely, and collaborate on, all stages of product development. From idea conceptualization and consumer/market buy-in through to customer delivery. They can also make changes to the design in a few clicks and simulate the results immediately, making it faster and easier to experiment with new ideas and stay ahead of the curve.
With ICE-powered vehicles facing phase-outs around the world, and incentives springing up to encourage EV designers, there's never been a better time to innovate in the industry.
Join us at our Automotive Industry Spotlight
Discover more top automotive industry trends and take part in open discussion on the digitalization of automotive product development.
Rapid Innovation in the Automotive Industry
What is Cradle-to-Cradle Product Development?
Digital Manufacturing for Sustainability at Koenigsegg
Optimizing Engineering Workflows
What is the 3DEXPERIENCE Platform?
How Can Innovation Management Reshape Life Science Companies?


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Internationally acclaimed Hope Street Xchange artist and University of Sunderland lecturer, Lothar Goetz, has unveiled his exciting new work in Hope Street Xchange. Having worked closely with the design team from the early stages of the project, Lothar has created two large murals which respond to the architectural features and transform the public spaces within the building.
Entering the building on Level 3, guests to Hope Street Xchange are greeted by a wall of bright colour and geometric shapes reaching above their heads and ascending the atrium staircase. There is a second piece on Level 1 which spans the width of the cafe space and creates a sense of energy and movement.
You can find out more about Lothar and see more of his fantastic pieces here.


For the owner of a small business, or any entreprise for that matter, being profitable is of utmost importance. While there are different ways to attain profitability, one that's often overlooked is cash management. A dearth of adequate liquid funds can nudge a small business towards less than favourable situations and in worse cases, lead to bankruptcy. Let's look at some of the cash management disasters a small business owner must avoid to keep his/her business healthy!
Avoid These Cash Management Disasters Like The Plague!
Here are seven practices to avoid in order to ensure that your business does not fall into a cash trap.
While some small business owners might be comfortable with conventional modes of fund transfers such as cash or cheque, it has become imperative for a small business in the current age to open its doors to newer and faster methods of payments such as NEFT, IMPS, e-wallets and cards.
By not providing more payment options to customers, you are disincentivizing them to pay up faster, thus putting a brake on the funds flowing into your business.
This practice also increases the chance of the business falling short of funds, and avoiding a cash management disaster!
Even if the cash position is seemingly comfortable, it is imprudent to not have a check on the necessity for short-term external funding and ignore the possibility of a cash crunch.
By not being cautious, a small business owner can face rejection when he/she approaches financial institutions for a working capital loan.
Tracking working capital requirements involves calculating and tracking liquidity ratios, the net working capital and the operating cycle. A slight change in one can be indicative of a potential liquidity crisis. So, not practising this also makes the company less secure in the future and changes in the environment, leading to cash management disasters that can negatively affect the affluence of your business.
Also Read: Is It Advisable To Hire A Small Business Loan Broker?
As the owner of a small business, it may be difficult to push for payments from larger clients. It may also be a sensitive topic to discuss if the client has a personal equation with the promoter. However, not doing so can land your business in trouble by affecting the fund-flow of your business.
Formal follow-ups have to be made with clients, and official reminders have to be sent so that collections are made as per the period agreed, and the cash keeps flowing into the business on time to ensure that there are sufficient liquid funds to meet the expenses.
A very common mistake that small business owners make, which could lead to cash management disasters, is not having a cash reserve. It is a prudent decision to have an untouched amount of cash lying either in a bank account or a highly liquid and safe government security. This is because cash crunches can appear quickly and at any point in time and it is necessary to have a liquid fund in order to deflect a crisis.
Even though it might seem like a 'waste' since returns can be higher if this amount is invested in a riskier and less liquid financial asset, one must keep in mind that the purpose of this is not to earn returns but to protect the business from a disaster in case the need for extra funding arises all of a sudden. Some organisations have a minimum cash balance below which they seek external funding for safety purposes.
Accounting policies often focus on profitability and size. Not including short-term solvency or liquidity while formulating policies and finalising practices can lead to cash management disasters since potential problems would never come to light. The accounting policy and practices in your small business must place a special emphasis on cash flows. This is because a dearth of liquid funds can halt the operations of the business.
All major cash inflows and outflows must be recorded separately. A 'petty cash' book must be maintained to keep a tab on the expenses which are low in amount. Payments and receipts from suppliers and clients must be easily traceable with identification numbers for transactions.
Summary of the statements at any point in time must reflect the most recent position of cash and cash equivalents. Formalising, recording and following such practices will throw light on a potential cash crunch well in advance so that the business has time to take the necessary action.
While it is good for the reputation of your business to repay your creditors or other parties much earlier than you actually have to, consistently doing so might land you in a soup because the receipts will not be coming in as and when the payments are made. This will create a gap in the quantum of funds available, making it difficult to meet everyday expenses and cash outflows. To avoid such a situation, it is wise to pay on time and not pay too early.
Sometimes, a small business owner might hesitate to approach a financial institution for a loan even if he or she knows that it is only a matter of time before which a shortfall of funds arises. This is in spite of maintaining records, tracking the transactions and understanding the inflows and outflows. Such a practice can be devastating for the firm.
Waiting to seek working capital funds increases the risk borne by the business. It may also increase the cost of funds at times. To prevent such a situation, one should immediately apply for a working capital loan as soon as they see the need arising.
Cash management might seem like it is not as important as profitability. However, it is to be understood that a cash crisis can majorly hamper the business, both in terms of finance as well as operations. To prevent such a situation, avoiding the practices elaborated above is necessary.
Have you fallen prey to any of the above-mentioned cash management disasters? Get in touch with Gromor today, to avail unsecured small business loans!


Sign up for Ethno New Zealand, January 18-28 2019, Hoani Waititi Marae, Auckland, Aotearoa/New Zealand!
Ethno NZ is an artistic residency of traditional/folk/world music that gathers young musicians and singers age 18-30 from Aotearoa and the rest of the world for 10 intense days of friendship, sharing, and lots of music and dance!
Ethno New Zealand will be held on a Marae (Maori meeting place). It will be a week of young musicians teaching each other their traditional music, sharing cultural experiences, taking part in workshops and performing together.
This is a unique experience that will give you a deeper understanding of our indigenous peoples of New Zealand while creating musical magic. A Marae provides the perfect foundations for a pacific Ethno experience.
There are only 35 participants max. so secure your space by registering NOW! We welcome both individual musicians and bands.


death reach inside to disturb her calm.
Jonathan Yungkans is a Los-Angeles-based poet, writer and photographer who has so far maintained his sanity despite freeways, over-the-top antics of some of his roommates and all the paranoia which life in the land of Nixon would seem to suggest. He still loves dogs; cats love or at least tolerate him as long as he feeds them. His works have appeared in Poet Lore, Poetry/LA, Twisted Vine Literary Journal, and elsewhere.


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GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
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Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
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#if SUPPORTS_WEAK && GTHREAD_USE_WEAK
# define __gthrw(name) \
  static __typeof(name) __gthrw_ ## name __attribute__ ((__weakref__(#name)));
# define __gthrw_(name) __gthrw_ ## name
#else
# define __gthrw(name)
# define __gthrw_(name) name
#endif

__gthrw(pthread_once)
__gthrw(pthread_keycreate)
__gthrw(pthread_getspecific)
__gthrw(pthread_setspecific)
__gthrw(pthread_create)
__gthrw(pthread_mutex_init)
__gthrw(pthread_mutex_destroy)
__gthrw(pthread_mutex_lock)
__gthrw(pthread_mutex_trylock)
__gthrw(pthread_mutex_unlock)
__gthrw(pthread_mutexattr_create)
__gthrw(pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np)
__gthrw(pthread_mutexattr_delete)

#ifdef _LIBOBJC
/* Objective-C.  */
__gthrw(pthread_cond_broadcast)
__gthrw(pthread_cond_destroy)
__gthrw(pthread_cond_init)
__gthrw(pthread_cond_signal)
__gthrw(pthread_cond_wait)
__gthrw(pthread_exit)

#ifdef pthread_getunique_np
# define __gthrw_pthread_getunique_np pthread_getunique_np
#else
__gthrw(pthread_getunique_np)
# define __gthrw_pthread_getunique_np __gthrw_(pthread_getunique_np)
#endif

__gthrw(pthread_mutex_destroy)
__gthrw(pthread_self)
__gthrw(pthread_yield)
#endif

#if SUPPORTS_WEAK && GTHREAD_USE_WEAK

static inline int
__gthread_active_p (void)
{
  static void *const __gthread_active_ptr = (void *) &__gthrw_(pthread_create);
  return __gthread_active_ptr != 0;
}

#else /* not SUPPORTS_WEAK */

static inline int
__gthread_active_p (void)
{
  return 1;
}

#endif /* SUPPORTS_WEAK */

#ifdef _LIBOBJC

/* Key structure for maintaining thread specific storage */
static pthread_key_t _objc_thread_storage;

/* Thread local storage for a single thread */
static void *thread_local_storage = NULL;

/* Backend initialization functions */

/* Initialize the threads subsystem.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_init_thread_system (void)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    /* Initialize the thread storage key.  */
    return __gthrw_(pthread_keycreate) (&_objc_thread_storage, NULL);
  else
    return -1;
}

/* Close the threads subsystem.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_close_thread_system (void)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return 0;
  else
    return -1;
}

/* Backend thread functions */

/* Create a new thread of execution.  */
static inline objc_thread_t
__gthread_objc_thread_detach (void (*func)(void *), void *arg)
{
  objc_thread_t thread_id;
  pthread_t new_thread_handle;

  if (!__gthread_active_p ())
    return NULL;

  if (!(__gthrw_(pthread_create) (&new_thread_handle, pthread_attr_default,
			(void *) func, arg)))
    {
      /* ??? May not work! (64bit) */
      thread_id = *(objc_thread_t *) &new_thread_handle;
      pthread_detach (&new_thread_handle); /* Fully detach thread.  */
    }
  else
    thread_id = NULL;

  return thread_id;
}

/* Set the current thread's priority.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_thread_set_priority (int priority)
{
  int sys_priority = 0;

  if (!__gthread_active_p ())
    return -1;

  switch (priority)
    {
    case OBJC_THREAD_INTERACTIVE_PRIORITY:
      sys_priority = (PRI_FG_MIN_NP + PRI_FG_MAX_NP) / 2;
      break;
    default:
    case OBJC_THREAD_BACKGROUND_PRIORITY:
      sys_priority = (PRI_BG_MIN_NP + PRI_BG_MAX_NP) / 2;
      break;
    case OBJC_THREAD_LOW_PRIORITY:
      sys_priority = (PRI_BG_MIN_NP + PRI_BG_MAX_NP) / 2;
      break;
    }

  /* Change the priority.  */
  if (pthread_setprio (__gthrw_(pthread_self) (), sys_priority) >= 0)
    return 0;
  else
    /* Failed */
    return -1;
}

/* Return the current thread's priority.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_thread_get_priority (void)
{
  int sys_priority;

  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    {
      if ((sys_priority = pthread_getprio (__gthrw_(pthread_self) ())) >= 0)
	{
	  if (sys_priority >= PRI_FG_MIN_NP
	      && sys_priority <= PRI_FG_MAX_NP)
	    return OBJC_THREAD_INTERACTIVE_PRIORITY;
	  if (sys_priority >= PRI_BG_MIN_NP
	      && sys_priority <= PRI_BG_MAX_NP)
	    return OBJC_THREAD_BACKGROUND_PRIORITY;
	  return OBJC_THREAD_LOW_PRIORITY;
	}

      /* Failed */
      return -1;
    }
  else
    return OBJC_THREAD_INTERACTIVE_PRIORITY;
}

/* Yield our process time to another thread.  */
static inline void
__gthread_objc_thread_yield (void)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    __gthrw_(pthread_yield) ();
}

/* Terminate the current thread.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_thread_exit (void)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    /* exit the thread */
    __gthrw_(pthread_exit) (&__objc_thread_exit_status);

  /* Failed if we reached here */
  return -1;
}

/* Returns an integer value which uniquely describes a thread.  */
static inline objc_thread_t
__gthread_objc_thread_id (void)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    {
      pthread_t self = __gthrw_(pthread_self) ();

      return (objc_thread_t) __gthrw_pthread_getunique_np (&self);
    }
  else
    return (objc_thread_t) 1;
}

/* Sets the thread's local storage pointer.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_thread_set_data (void *value)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return __gthrw_(pthread_setspecific) (_objc_thread_storage, value);
  else
    {
      thread_local_storage = value;
      return 0;
    }
}

/* Returns the thread's local storage pointer.  */
static inline void *
__gthread_objc_thread_get_data (void)
{
  void *value = NULL;

  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    {
      if (!(__gthrw_(pthread_getspecific) (_objc_thread_storage, &value)))
	return value;

      return NULL;
    }
  else
    return thread_local_storage;
}

/* Backend mutex functions */

/* Allocate a mutex.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_mutex_allocate (objc_mutex_t mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    {
      mutex->backend = objc_malloc (sizeof (pthread_mutex_t));

      if (__gthrw_(pthread_mutex_init) ((pthread_mutex_t *) mutex->backend,
			      pthread_mutexattr_default))
	{
	  objc_free (mutex->backend);
	  mutex->backend = NULL;
	  return -1;
	}
    }

  return 0;
}

/* Deallocate a mutex.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_mutex_deallocate (objc_mutex_t mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    {
      if (__gthrw_(pthread_mutex_destroy) ((pthread_mutex_t *) mutex->backend))
	return -1;

      objc_free (mutex->backend);
      mutex->backend = NULL;
    }

  return 0;
}

/* Grab a lock on a mutex.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_mutex_lock (objc_mutex_t mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_lock) ((pthread_mutex_t *) mutex->backend);
  else
    return 0;
}

/* Try to grab a lock on a mutex.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_mutex_trylock (objc_mutex_t mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ()
      && __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_trylock) ((pthread_mutex_t *) mutex->backend) != 1)
    return -1;

  return 0;
}

/* Unlock the mutex */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_mutex_unlock (objc_mutex_t mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_unlock) ((pthread_mutex_t *) mutex->backend);
  else
    return 0;
}

/* Backend condition mutex functions */

/* Allocate a condition.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_condition_allocate (objc_condition_t condition
				   __attribute__ ((__unused__)))
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    /* Unimplemented.  */
    return -1;
  else
    return 0;
}

/* Deallocate a condition.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_condition_deallocate (objc_condition_t condition
				     __attribute__ ((__unused__)))
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    /* Unimplemented.  */
    return -1;
  else
    return 0;
}

/* Wait on the condition */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_condition_wait (objc_condition_t condition
			       __attribute__ ((__unused__)),
			       objc_mutex_t mutex __attribute__ ((__unused__)))
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    /* Unimplemented.  */
    return -1;
  else
    return 0;
}

/* Wake up all threads waiting on this condition.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_condition_broadcast (objc_condition_t condition
				    __attribute__ ((__unused__)))
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    /* Unimplemented.  */
    return -1;
  else
    return 0;
}

/* Wake up one thread waiting on this condition.  */
static inline int
__gthread_objc_condition_signal (objc_condition_t condition
				 __attribute__ ((__unused__)))
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    /* Unimplemented.  */
    return -1;
  else
    return 0;
}

#else /* _LIBOBJC */

static inline int
__gthread_once (__gthread_once_t *__once, void (*__func) (void))
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return __gthrw_(pthread_once) (__once, __func);
  else
    return -1;
}

static inline int
__gthread_key_create (__gthread_key_t *__key, void (*__dtor) (void *))
{
  return __gthrw_(pthread_keycreate) (__key, __dtor);
}

static inline int
__gthread_key_delete (__gthread_key_t __key __attribute__ ((__unused__)))
{
  /* Operation is not supported.  */
  return -1;
}

static inline void *
__gthread_getspecific (__gthread_key_t __key)
{
  void *__ptr;
  if (__gthrw_(pthread_getspecific) (__key, &__ptr) == 0)
    return __ptr;
  else
    return 0;
}

static inline int
__gthread_setspecific (__gthread_key_t __key, const void *__ptr)
{
  return __gthrw_(pthread_setspecific)
    (__key, CONST_CAST2(void *, const void *, __ptr));
}

static inline void
__gthread_mutex_init_function (__gthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_init) (__mutex, pthread_mutexattr_default);
}

static inline int
__gthread_mutex_destroy (__gthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_destroy) (__mutex);
  else
    return 0;
}

static inline int
__gthread_mutex_lock (__gthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_lock) (__mutex);
  else
    return 0;
}

static inline int
__gthread_mutex_trylock (__gthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_trylock) (__mutex);
  else
    return 0;
}

static inline int
__gthread_mutex_unlock (__gthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    return __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_unlock) (__mutex);
  else
    return 0;
}

static inline int
__gthread_recursive_mutex_init_function (__gthread_recursive_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  if (__gthread_active_p ())
    {
      pthread_mutexattr_t __attr;
      int __r;

      __r = __gthrw_(pthread_mutexattr_create) (&__attr);
      if (!__r)
	__r = __gthrw_(pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np) (&__attr,
						      MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP);
      if (!__r)
	__r = __gthrw_(pthread_mutex_init) (__mutex, __attr);
      if (!__r)
	__r = __gthrw_(pthread_mutexattr_delete) (&__attr);
      return __r;
    }
  return 0;
}

static inline int
__gthread_recursive_mutex_lock (__gthread_recursive_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  return __gthread_mutex_lock (__mutex);
}

static inline int
__gthread_recursive_mutex_trylock (__gthread_recursive_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  return __gthread_mutex_trylock (__mutex);
}

static inline int
__gthread_recursive_mutex_unlock (__gthread_recursive_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  return __gthread_mutex_unlock (__mutex);
}

static inline int
__gthread_recursive_mutex_destroy (__gthread_recursive_mutex_t *__mutex)
{
  return __gthread_mutex_destroy (__mutex);
}

#endif /* _LIBOBJC */

#endif
#endif /* ! GCC_GTHR_DCE_H */


Sprouts Farmers Market aims to open 13 new stores in nine states during the third quarter.
The Phoenix, Ariz.-based fresh, natural and organic supermarket chain said Wednesday that the new locations are in Durham, N.C.; El Paso, Texas; Las Vegas (three stores); Mill Creek, Wash.; Oklahoma City; Philadelphia; Phoenix; Towson, Md.; and Lodi, Sacramento and Vacaville, Calif.
Sprouts currently operates almost 300 stores in 16 states. The company said it plans to open 16 stores by the close of the 2018 first half — including its first South Carolina location —and to expand its market area to 19 states by the year's end.
Besides South Carolina, new states for Sprouts under the expansion include Pennsylvania and Washington. The grocer also is growing its presence in Florida, Maryland and North Carolina.
Sprouts stores offer fresh produce, meat and seafood from The Butcher Shop and Fish Market departments, freshly prepared entrees and sides at the Market Corner Deli, bulk foods, vitamins and supplements, dairy, bakery and natural body care items. More than 2,400 Sprouts-brand products also are available in the retailer's offering of thousands of natural, organic and gluten-free grocery items.


Austin's best internet marketing conference, PubCon Austin, is happening on April 20th in 2015. I can't recommend this conference more. It has arguably the best content in the industry, and is also one of the best values.
But, I can make it even a better value with a coupon for 20% off.
when registering. The discount code is good until March 20, 2015.


text:
History of the Lincoln Carnegie Library
The "city fathers" maintained the first Library with most of the revenue generated from the local dog tax. Each family paid $1.00 to use the Library. On March 15, 1988, the Lincoln Library Association was formed. Annual dues were $1.00. The books were placed at first in a millinery store, and then moved periodically to various locations including a bookstore and a drugstore. Stockholders owned the library. In 1897 the books and property were turned over to the city and it became a public city library in 1899. An election was held in 1903 to establish a library tax.
On February 13, 1913, voters approved a .4 mill levy for establishing a library. Lincoln applied to the Carnegie Foundation and was offered $6,000 with the stipulation that the city would provide $600 annually for library maintenance. Voters passed the latter by a count of 424 for, 166 against. The Christian Science Church donated the site located at the corner of Third and Court Streets. After approval by the Carnegie Corporation, plans were finalized and bids were advertised in August 1913. The contract was awarded to the firm of Wilson & Gilbert, of Hoxie and Plainville, for $5,770.00. The first library board was appointed January 29, 1914. On May 5, 1914, the Social Science Club hosted a reception and on May 6 at 3:00 the library was opened to the public. Hours were 3 to 6 daily and 7 to 9 on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday evenings. The basement featured a kitchen and dining room. Persons living within one mile had free usage of the library; others paid $1.00 per year or 10 cents per book.
The library underwent extensive remodeling in 1970. Central heating and cooling systems were installed, the lofty ceilings were lowered, carpeting and new blinds were put in, and new light fixtures were also installed. In 1978, the basement was improved by the addition of carpeting, new lights, shelving and special equipment. In April 1979, it was opened as a children's library.
In April, 2008 construction started on an addition to the Library. The addition features an elevator, reading room and Kansas/Lincoln County room. The original building was also renovated. The children's department was moved upstairs and the old children's department was turned into a meeting room. Construction was completed in May, 2009.
Mary Rathbun 1903-1914
Mrs. Albert Orr 1914-1917
Nellie Hawkins 1917-1921
Mrs. L. W. Wait 1921-1939
Doreen Payne 1939-1941
Pearl Metz 1941-1942
Alice Ryan 1942-1976
Ailene Bowie 1976-1978
Ellen Searles 1978-1982
Sylvia Ortiz 1982-1984
Pat Florence 1984-1988
Connie Budreau 1988-2001
Nancy Jensen 2001-Present
CHILDREN'S LIBRARIANS
Shirley Wing 1978-1980
Evelyn Bolte 1980-1989
Lisa Von Fange 1989-1992
Bev Nelson 1992-1993
Debbie Kohrs 1997-2001
Shirley Kenyon 2001-2002
Tammy Voeltz 2003-2007
Lynette Gross 2007-2012
Crystal Wanker 2012-2013
Mary Andersen 2013-Present
Free Christmas Craft Kits - While They Last
Board Meeting Change of Date


text:
Q: Validation error display is producing this 'undefined method `full_message' for :category:Symbol' I'm following the Rails Guide to implement this, but I'm getting this error, and I'm not entirely sure how to fix it.
Error display in form:
    <% if @group.errors.any? %>

<%= pluralize(@group.errors.count, "error") %> prohibited this article from being saved:

                <% @group.errors.each do |error| %>

<%= error.full_message %>

                <% end %>

    <% end %>

Controller create action: (I'm testing the error display on a new group form)
    def create
        @group = current_user.groups.build(group_params)

        if @group.save
            redirect_to user_groups_path(current_user)
        else
            render :new
        end
    end

Model validations:
class Group < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :cards, dependent: :destroy
    belongs_to :category
    belongs_to :user
end

class Category < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :groups
    has_many :users, through: :groups

    validates :name, presence: true
    validates_uniqueness_of :name, :case_sensitive => false

end

class Card < ApplicationRecord
    belongs_to :group

    validates :front,:back, presence: true
end

Thank you for the help!

A: Rails guide is for 6.1. Prior to that errors.each yielded |attribute,error| Rails 6.0 and Rails 6.1
I am assuming you are below 6.1 based on your error in which case you want to use:
<% @group.errors.full_messages.each do |message| %>

<%= message %>

<% end %>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
DTE Donated More Than $840,000 to Democrats, Pro-Whitmer Groups in 2018
Consumers Energy was also heavily involved in politicking
Michigan's largest electricity and gas utility gave $400,185 to groups that either directly or indirectly spent money on behalf of Gretchen Whitmer before and after her gubernatorial election victory in November 2018, according to recent filings with state energy regulators. The utility also gave $440,204 to state Democrats and $120,056 to state and national Republicans in 2018.
DTE donated $320,148 to Progressive Advocacy Trust, which the Michigan Campaign Finance Network described as being loosely associated with the Ingham County Democratic Party. The network ultimately turned around and donated $1.8 million to pro-Whitmer groups during last year's primary and general elections. DTE also donated $80,037 to Michigan Transition 2019, which assisted then Gov.-elect Whitmer prepare to take office.
The regulated monopoly utility also gave $440,204 to the Michigan Democratic State Center (Michigan Democratic Party), $80,037 to the Michigan Republican Party and $40,019 to the Republican Governors Association in 2018.
Political donations by DTE accounted for only a portion of the millions of dollars Michigan's two largest monopoly utilities spent on civic and political causes during 2018, an election year.
According to the official documents, DTE spent $3,779,536 "for the purpose of influencing public opinion" on elections, lobbying, and other civic and political activities. This amount included $205,535 for advocacy, $298,160 for consulting and $1,262,426 for governmental affairs, according to the company's May 2019 filing with state utility regulators.
The figures may also include contributions to super PACs, which may engage in spending related to political campaigns but are not required to disclose their donors. The numbers do not include voluntary contributions from employees and others to corporate political action committees, which can contribute to individual candidates, subject to limits specified in law.
Filings from DTE also show that in 2018, the company gave more money to groups supporting Democratic candidates than ones supporting Republicans. The groups receiving donations from the state's largest utility in 2018 included:
Detroit Regional Chamber of Commerce — $562,024
Michigan Democratic State Center — $440,204
Progressive Advocacy Trust — $320,148
Edison Electric Institute — $149,878
Michigan Transition 2019 — $80,037
Michigan Republican Party — $80,037
Michigan Alliance for Business — $40,019
Republican Governors Association — $40,019
Michigan Retailers Association — $40,019
40 unnamed organizations — $145,400
DTE provided a statement in response to questions about its political contributions.
"As an energy company, our customers are impacted each day by the decisions of federal, state and local officials. This requires DTE Energy to be an active participant in the political and civic processes. Our policy on political participation and our public disclosures are available on our website," the statement reads. "The page you are referencing in the P521 filing is a line-item list of 2018 expenses that will be charged directly to shareholders, not recovered in customer bills."
Craig Mauger, the executive director of the Michigan Campaign Finance Network, said the fact that DTE's political donations to Progressive Advocacy Trust can be found only on one page of a filing with state energy regulators reflects poorly on the state's climate for political transparency.
"The fact that we're finding out that a highly regulated business gave a large sum of money to an account playing in the governor's race six months after the election is over and we're only finding out through a 400-page document is indicative of why we're rated 50th out of all 50 states for transparency and accountability," Mauger said.
Consumers Energy, Michigan's other large utility company, spent $6.2 million to influence political opinion in 2018. Of that amount, $332,500 was spent on advocacy and $344,163 went to consulting expenses; $4,288,452 was budgeted for governmental affairs activity, according to its May 2019 filing with state regulators. Consumers also gave money to interest groups, paying $152,409 to the Edison Electric Institute and $21,350 to the American Gas Association.
The 2018 filing did not include any donations to Citizens for Energizing Michigan's Economy, a tax-exempt nonprofit social welfare organization that spent an estimated $830,000 on TV advertisements during state elections last year. In the company's 2017 filing, Consumers disclosed a $20 million donation to the group.
According to filings from the Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, an official from the utility took on a role at CEME sometime during 2018. Brandon Hofmeister, senior vice president of governmental, regulatory, and public affairs at the utility, is now also vice president of CEME.
Katie Carey, Consumers Energy director of media relations, confirmed in an email that Hofmeister sits on the CEME board of directors on his personal time.
In February, Hofmeister testified before the Senate Energy and Technology Committee and was quoted by The Detroit News as saying that CMS Energy, which is the corporate holding company for all the company's various utility interests, is "interested and active in Michigan public policy." He said that a previous agreement with state energy regulators "doesn't impact any activities that CMS Energy might pursue in the future."


text:
Nesolynx sigmophorae är en stekelart som beskrevs av T.C. Narendran 2005. Nesolynx sigmophorae ingår i släktet Nesolynx och familjen finglanssteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Finglanssteklar
sigmophorae

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia