text:
Richard Kingson (born 13 June 1978) is a Ghanaian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He currently serves as a goalkeeper coach for the Ghana national football team. He is also known by his Turkish name Faruk Gürsoy and sometimes by the surname Kingston, which is the surname he used in his UEFA registration and also the surname of his brother Laryea Kingston. The different spelling of the surnames is due to "irregularity on his identity documents". Even in his native Ghana, he was quoted as "the man who got the 't' off his surname".

After leaving his home country, he played for several clubs in Turkey, for Hammarby in Sweden, and in England for Birmingham City, Wigan Athletic and Blackpool, who released him at the end of the 2010–11 season.

Kingson was the vice-captain for the Ghana national football team.

Club career

Turkey
Kingson left his native Accra in 1996 to pursue a career in Turkey, where he represented six different clubs, and became a naturalised citizen, taking a Turkish name, Faruk Gürsoy, coming from Faruk Süren and Ergun Gürsoy. His first club in Turkey was Galatasaray S.K., whom he signed for in December 1996 but did not play a single game. On 2004–05 season when he played with Galatasaray again, he was suspended from football for six months after a failed doping test.

Birmingham City
After a three-month period on loan to Swedish club Hammarby IF, he drew attention from other clubs in Europe, including Aalborg, Maccabi Tel Aviv and Birmingham City, eventually joining the latter. On 28 August 2007, Kingson made his debut for Birmingham in a League Cup third round tie against Hereford United. He played once in the Premier League, in a 2–0 defeat to Portsmouth in caretaker manager Eric Black's only game in charge. At the end of the season, co-owner David Sullivan blamed the club's relegation on the quality of previous manager Steve Bruce's signings, branding Kingson a "complete waste of space". Kingson was disappointed and angered by the perceived unfairness of Sullivan's reaction, saying that "an older person, in his position, has to speak maturely. He has to be a responsible man as co-owner to speak well and set an example to younger people." The player's contract, which still had one year to run, was cancelled by mutual consent at the end of the 2007–08 season.

Wigan Athletic
Kingson joined up with former manager Steve Bruce when he signed for Wigan Athletic on 12 September 2008. He was given the number 22 shirt, the same number as he wears for Ghana. He made his first-team debut in the FA Cup third round tie against Tottenham Hotspur, where his side lost 3–1. He made his first Premier League appearance for the club when he replaced the injured Chris Kirkland after 10 minutes of the away match against West Bromwich Albion on 9 May 2009. He saved a penalty from Chris Brunt, but Brunt was able to score from the rebound, and the game ended as a 3–1 defeat. He was released after his contract expired at Wigan at the end of the 2009–10 season

Blackpool
Following his release by Wigan Athletic, he signed for Premier League newcomers Blackpool in September 2010. He made his debut for the Seasiders in a 3–2 defeat to Aston Villa on 10 November 2010. Following an injury to first-choice goalkeeper Matt Gilks, Kingson had an extended run in the first team. On 26 May 2011, Kingson was released, along with several other Blackpool players.

Doxa Katokopias
After two years out of the game, Kingson signed a one-year deal for Cypriot First Division club Doxa Katokopias in July 2013. He made his debut on the opening day of the league season, keeping a clean sheet as his team beat Nea Salamis 2–0.

Balıkesirspor
In January 2014, Kingson returned to Turkey, to play for Turkish second-tier side Balıkesirspor on a half-year plus two years deal.

Great Olympics
In 2015, Kingson was signed in a short-term contract by Great Olympics. The following year, Kingson stated he still dreamed of playing for Asante Kotoko before retiring and it was reported that he would be signed for the team, which was later denied.

International career

Kingson was the starting goalkeeper of the Ghana national team, and was called up for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations and the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

During the 2006 World Cup, the Ghanaian FA stated that his name is Kingston; however, the player's shirt used the correct spelling of his name, as confirmed by Kingson himself.

He was voted as an All-Star Goalkeeper during the 2008 African Cup of Nations Tournament in Ghana. The Team of the Tournament was decided by the Technical Study Group (TSG) after careful observations of all the tournament's matches.

In 2008, he scored a goal for Ghana in a friendly – a late equaliser in a 1–1 draw against Tanzania.

As first-choice goalkeeper and team captain he was instrumental in leading Ghana to the final of the 2010 tournament, and was again selected for the all-star team along with Egypt goalkeeper Essam El-Hadary.

In the 2010 World Cup in South Africa, Kingson was selected in Ghana's opening game against Serbia, who had Vladimir Stojković, Kingson's fellow goalkeeper at Wigan Athletic in goal on the other side, keeping a clean sheet in The Black Stars 1–0 victory. In his next game he made a mistake in the 11th minute to give the lead to Australia in a group game which finished 1–1. His final group game ended in a narrow 1–0 defeat to Germany, but the team still qualified for the knock-out stages. In the match of 16 versus USA, he was voted Turkish Airlines Top of the Match after making several saves in the 2–1 extra time victory. The team then moved on to the quarter-finals, where a goal was prevented by Uruguayan striker Luis Suarez and which awarded Ghana a penalty kick. Ghana striker Asamoah Gyan missed the penalty and Ghana ultimately lost in a penalty shootout, with Sebastian Abreu winning it with a Panenka.

Personal life
Kingson is the brother of Laryea Kingston, who was also a member of the Ghana national team.   He is a naturalised citizen of Turkey and his Turkish name is Faruk Gürsoy. Kingson is married to Adelaide Tawiah. The ceremony took place in Ghana.  Kingson's national teammates Asamoah Gyan and John Paintsil were among the guests at the wedding.

In 2012 a controversy arose when Kingson's wife during a prayer deliverance at the Synagogue Church of All Nations Church of T. B. Joshua in Nigeria confessed that she had used spirits to destroy Kingson's career and rendered him impotent. Kingson defended his wife by saying that it was not she who spoke but a spirit that spoke through her.

Coaching career
After Kingson retired, he went into coaching. In May 2017, he was appointed as the goal keeper's coach for the Ghana national football team. In 2019, he was relieved of duties along with the whole technical team. After a reshuffle of the technical national teams, he was appointed as the goal keeper's coach of the Ghana A' national football team in June 2021.

Kingson also served as goal keeper's coach for his former club Accra Great Olympics in January 2021, when Yaw Preko served as the interim head coach. The following month, he joined Accra Hearts of Oak to serve in that same capacity for an interim period.

On 4 August 2021, he was reassigned to the Ghana national team as the goal keeper's coach.

Career statistics

International goals

Honours
Galatasaray S.K.
 Süper Lig: 1996–97, 1997–98
 Turkish Cup: 2004–05

Ghana
 Africa Cup of Nations runner-up: 2010; third place: 2008

Individual
 Africa Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament: 2008, 2010

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
Footballers from Accra
Ghanaian footballers
Association football goalkeepers
Hammarby Fotboll players
Galatasaray S.K. footballers
Ankaraspor footballers
Göztepe S.K. footballers
Elazığspor footballers
Antalyaspor footballers
Sakaryaspor footballers
Birmingham City F.C. players
Wigan Athletic F.C. players
Blackpool F.C. players
Doxa Katokopias FC players
Balıkesirspor footballers
Allsvenskan players
Premier League players
Süper Lig players
TFF First League players
Cypriot First Division players
Accra Great Olympics F.C. players
Ghana international footballers
1996 African Cup of Nations players
1998 African Cup of Nations players
2000 African Cup of Nations players
2006 FIFA World Cup players
2008 Africa Cup of Nations players
2010 Africa Cup of Nations players
2010 FIFA World Cup players
Olympic footballers of Ghana
Footballers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Ghanaian expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Cyprus
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in Sweden
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople in England
Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople in Sweden
Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Association football goalkeeping coaches
Accra Great Olympics F.C. non-playing staff
Accra Hearts of Oak S.C. non-playing staff
Doping cases in association football
Ghanaian sportspeople in doping cases
Naturalized citizens of Turkey

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Windows.UI.Popups;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI;
using Windows.ApplicationModel;
using InTheHand.ApplicationModel;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Animation;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Shapes;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
using InTheHand.UI.ApplicationSettings;

// The Basic Page item template is documented at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=390556

namespace InTheHandUI.ApplicationSettings
{
    /// <summary>
    /// An empty page that can be used on its own or navigated to within a Frame.
    /// </summary>
    internal sealed partial class SettingsPage : Page
    {
        private IList<SettingsCommand> _commands;
        private bool _backRegistered = true;
#if WINDOWS_UWP
        private Windows.UI.Color? _previousBackground;
        private Windows.UI.Color? _previousForeground;
        private double _previousBackgroundOpacity;

#endif

        public SettingsPage()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            /*Color bgColor = InTheHand.ApplicationModel.Package.Current.BackgroundColor;
            if (bgColor != Colors.Transparent)
            {
                Color modColor = Color.FromArgb((byte)0xff, (byte)(bgColor.R / 3), (byte)(bgColor.G / 3), (byte)(bgColor.B / 3));
                Background = new SolidColorBrush(modColor);
            }*/

#if WINDOWS_UWP

            Transitions.Add(new NavigationThemeTransition() { DefaultNavigationTransitionInfo = new CommonNavigationTransitionInfo() { IsStaggeringEnabled = true } });

            Grid LayoutRoot = new Grid();
            LayoutRoot.RowDefinitions.Add(new RowDefinition() { Height = new Windows.UI.Xaml.GridLength(48) });
            LayoutRoot.RowDefinitions.Add(new RowDefinition() { Height = new Windows.UI.Xaml.GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Star) });
            Rectangle r = new Rectangle() { Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0xff, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80)), StrokeThickness = 0.5, Margin = new Windows.UI.Xaml.Thickness(-4, 0, -4, 0), Fill= new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0xff,0xf1,0xf1,0xf1)), HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch };
            Grid.SetRow(r, 0);
            LayoutRoot.Children.Add(r);

            SettingsList = new ListView();
            Grid.SetRow(SettingsList, 1);
            LayoutRoot.Children.Add(SettingsList);
            Content = LayoutRoot;

            SystemNavigationManager.GetForCurrentView().BackRequested += SettingsPage_BackRequested;
            /*Windows.UI.ViewManagement.StatusBar sb = Windows.UI.ViewManagement.StatusBar.GetForCurrentView();
            if(sb != null)
            {
                _previousBackground = sb.BackgroundColor;
                _previousForeground = sb.ForegroundColor;
                _previousBackgroundOpacity = sb.BackgroundOpacity;
                sb.BackgroundColor = Windows.ApplicationModel.Package.Current.BackgroundColor;
                sb.BackgroundOpacity = 1.0;
                sb.ForegroundColor = Colors.White;
            }*/

#elif WINDOWS_PHONE_APP

            AppNameText.Text = InTheHand.ApplicationModel.Package.Current.DisplayName;
            PublisherText.Text = InTheHand.ApplicationModel.Package.Current.PublisherDisplayName;
            VersionText.Text = "Version " + InTheHand.ApplicationModel.Package.Current.Id.Version.ToString(4);

            Windows.Phone.UI.Input.HardwareButtons.BackPressed += HardwareButtons_BackPressed;
#endif
            Unloaded += SettingsPage_Unloaded;
        }

        protected override void OnNavigatingFrom(NavigatingCancelEventArgs e)
        {
            UnregisterBack();
#if WINDOWS_UWP
            Windows.UI.ViewManagement.StatusBar sb = Windows.UI.ViewManagement.StatusBar.GetForCurrentView();
            if (sb != null)
            {
                sb.BackgroundColor = _previousBackground;
                sb.BackgroundOpacity = _previousBackgroundOpacity;
                sb.ForegroundColor = _previousForeground;
            }
#endif

            base.OnNavigatingFrom(e);
        }

        void SettingsPage_Unloaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            UnregisterBack();
        }

        private void UnregisterBack()
        {
            if (_backRegistered)
            {
#if WINDOWS_UWP
                SystemNavigationManager.GetForCurrentView().BackRequested -= SettingsPage_BackRequested;
#elif WINDOWS_PHONE_APP
                Windows.Phone.UI.Input.HardwareButtons.BackPressed -= HardwareButtons_BackPressed;
#endif
                _backRegistered = false;
            }
        }

#if WINDOWS_UWP
        private void SettingsPage_BackRequested(object sender, BackRequestedEventArgs e)
#elif WINDOWS_PHONE_APP
        void HardwareButtons_BackPressed(object sender, Windows.Phone.UI.Input.BackPressedEventArgs e)
#endif
        {
            e.Handled = true;

            UnregisterBack();

            if (Frame.CanGoBack)
            {
                Frame.GoBack();
            }
        }

        protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            _commands = SettingsPane.GetForCurrentView().OnCommandsRequested();

            if (_commands == null)
            {
                _commands = new List<SettingsCommand>();
            }

            // for store distribution include rate and review
#if !DEBUG
            if (!InTheHand.ApplicationModel.Package.Current.IsDevelopmentMode)
            {
#endif
                _commands.Add(new SettingsCommand("RateAndReview", "Rate and review", async (c) =>
                {
                    await InTheHand.ApplicationModel.Store.CurrentApp.RequestReviewAsync();
                }));

                _commands.Add(new SettingsCommand("PrivacyPolicy", "Privacy policy", async (c) =>
                    {
                        await InTheHand.ApplicationModel.Store.CurrentApp.RequestDetailsAsync();
                    }));
#if !DEBUG
            }
#endif
            /*if (SettingsPane.GetForCurrentView().showAbout)
            {
                commands.Add(new SettingsCommand("About", "About", (c) =>
                {
                    Frame.Navigate(typeof(AboutPage));
                }));
            }*/

            SettingsList.ItemsSource = _commands;

            base.OnNavigatedTo(e);
        }

        private void SettingsList_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (SettingsList.SelectedItem != null)
            {
                ((SettingsCommand)SettingsList.SelectedItem).Invoked((SettingsCommand)SettingsList.SelectedItem);
                SettingsList.SelectedIndex = -1;
            }
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


When confronted with a loss, disaster or life-altering occasion, you're all of the sudden thrust into an unfamiliar world, one that may be scary and unsettling. Unfortunately, there will probably be some automotive promoting companies out there which is able to scam people by providing fake get paid to drive providers. Another nice source for automobile physique kits is Vivid Racing, I simply bought an e-mail from these guys so I checked out their site. Army automobiles, dune buggies, you identify it. It's Chevies, Fords, VW's Jeeps, Roadsters, Nashes, Ramblers, Edsels, Camaros and clown vehicles and film car replicas and racers and previous choose ups.
I have an (almost) six year outdated who's in a booster seat (he is about 4 feet tall) and a four yr old in a 5-point harness automotive seat (he is actually tiny for his age – 31 pounds, so he will not be moving right into a booster seat for quite some time). I'll share it with my husband's cousin as he mentioned selling his automobile on Craig's record.
Many of the web sites listed beneath clarify all of these items in detail for you which of them is a great feature that you really do not get when talking to a live particular person. I am unsure I would have been so lucky had I owned an older automobile the place the CofC didn't exist, or if the automotive was a Japanese import for instance. On a 90°F day, the within of a automotive will reach 108°F, even with the windows cracked. With all this background info in mind, right here is the step-by-step plan so that you can manage your own Classic Car Party. Create an internet site to showcase your portfolio, and likewise add pages that show your bio, and rates.
Ironic, I was simply pondering the opposite day that this might make a very good hub, my son at age 19, and somewhat mechanical, went by means of an analogous expertise with a used automotive lot. Contact local companies, especially auto elements stores, automobile detailing corporations, window tinting corporations, large car dealerships and the rest you'll be able to consider that is car related. This distant controlled helicopter measures only 1.8 inches by 1.8 inches (forty five x forty five mm), weighs zero.four oz (eleven.5 g) and prices under $40!
While Ford may not have planned for the car to run on a different sort of fuel frequent within the 40s, it's entirely possible to make gas constructed from hemp oil – I actually have seen it in a Mercedes diesel that drove 10k miles from DC to SF and back. You can black out grills and chrome trim, you may dip automotive rims in any color you want, you should use it in and out, and you'll plastic dip the whole exterior of your automotive too, so it is no marvel that the stuff has grow to be so popular. Gone is the day of the static website new and fresh is what it's all about online right now.


text:
Dias de Glória () é um filme franco-argelino-belgo-marroquino de 2006, do gênero drama histórico e de guerra, dirigido por Rachid Bouchareb.

Sinopse
O filme mostra a luta dos 130 mil combatentes africanos das colônias francesas em 1943, durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, onde precisam enfrentar o preconceito ao mesmo tempo em que lutam pela vitória da França.

Elenco
 Jamel Debbouze - Saïd
 Samy Naceri - Yassir
 Roschdy Zem - Messaoud
 Sami Bouajila - Abdelkader
 Bernard Blancan - Martinez
 Mathieu Simonet - Leroux
 Benoît Giros - Capitão Durieux
 Mélanie Laurent - Margueritte
 Antoine Chappey - Coronel
 Assaad Bouab - Larbi
 Aurélie Eltvedt - Irène
 Thibault de Montalembert - Capitão Martin
 Dioucounda Koma - Touré
 Philippe Beglia - Rambert
 Momo Debbouze - Djellal
 Abdelkim Bouchareb - Ahmed
 Abdelhamid Idjaini - Omar
 Thomas Langmann - Jornalista

Prêmios e indicações

Oscar 2007
 Indicado na categoria de melhor filme estrangeiro, categoria atualmente chamada de Melhor Filme Internacional.

César 2007
 Venceu na categoria de melhor roteiro original.
 Indicado nas categorias de melhor filme, melhor diretor, melhor fotografia, melhor figurino, melhor edição, melhor trilha sonora, melhor som e melhor desenho de produção.

Independent Spirit Awards
 Indicado na categoria de melhor filme estrangeiro.

Festival de Cannes 2006
 Venceu na categoria de melhor ator (Jamel Debbouze, Samy Naceri, Roschdy Zem, Sami Bouajila e Bernard Blancan).

Filmes sobre a Segunda Guerra Mundial
Filmes com temática etnorracial
Filmes da Argélia de 2006
Filmes da Bélgica de 2006
Filmes da França de 2006
Filmes de Marrocos de 2006
Filmes de drama de guerra da Argélia
Filmes em língua francesa
Filmes ambientados na Argélia
Filmes ambientados na França
Filmes ambientados na Itália
Operação Dragão
Filmes dirigidos por Rachid Bouchareb
Filmes ambientados no império colonial francês
Filmes em língua árabe
Filmes de drama de guerra da França
Filmes de drama de guerra de Marrocos
Filmes de drama de guerra da Bélgica
Batalha de Monte Cassino


text:
Doctor Who Season 12: Everything We Just Learned About The 2020 Return
Mick Joest
Doctor Who fans haven't seen a new episode of the BBC America series since January, but the wait for Season 12 is almost over. As was expected, the upcoming season still isn't going to arrive until 2020, but there is some good news. Fans were treated this weekend to a new trailer that is jam-packed with exciting footage, and a press release from BBC that has promised a release date of "early 2020."
Remember last year when Season 11 waited all the way until its special before it revealed a familiar enemy from past seasons? Well, this trailer already confirmed a few more familiar faces compared to last season, and eagle-eyed viewers will spot a couple of those past enemies up to no good in this first look at Season 12.
Doctor Who is doing a spy episode that looks to be an homage to James Bond, and all is right with the world. Beyond that, there's the typical mix of adventures taking place in the past, present, and in space as Doctor, Graham, Yasmin, and Ryan set out again in the TARDIS to protect the world. This trailer appears to be particularly action-heavy, which could tease this season will be more fast-paced than Season 11.
As far as enemies are concerned, the trailer shows a quick shot of a masked Judoon in the mix and a Cyberman who will make an appearance as well. Familiar enemies still seem to be in the minority though in this trailer, which primarily features a solid number of new enemies. The good news is they all look interesting, so perhaps audiences will be more receptive of these newcomers should they become as iconic as the Daleks or Weeping Angels.
Aliens aside, Doctor Who fans may have noticed a handful of familiar humans, and yes, Season 12 will continue the show's tradition of guest stars. So far this season has confirmed the appearance of Stephen Fry, Lenny Henry, Goran Višnjic, and Robert Gleneister. For Gleneister, this will be the second time he's appeared on Doctor Who, with his first appearance having happened way back in 1984.
As previously mentioned, Doctor Who Season 12 kicks off in early 2020 (via BBC). Fans have been hoping for a concrete release date, but as of yet have been left high and dry on when exactly to expect Jodie Whittaker's Doctor to return. There's been some speculation that Doctor Who will run another New Year's Day special in 2020, which will mark the official beginning of Season 12. No word from BBC America on that yet, so we'll just have to wait and see.
Rewatching David Tennant's Doctor Who Finale Reminded Me Why I Loved Doctor Who
Doctor Who returns to television in early 2020 on BBC America. Stick with CinemaBlend in the meantime for more on the upcoming season and for a look at what else is happening with television and movies throughout the rest of the year and beyond.
television Jodie Whittaker Didn't Want To Be Famous, Was Scared To Take Role On Doctor Who
television Doctor Who: What Does The Master Know That Viewers Don't?
television The Wild Doctor Who Reference That Appeared In The New Dracula TV Show
television Doctor Who's Surprise Return Was Insane, And I'm Super Confused
Bad Boys For Life Has An Awesome Cameo You Might Miss If You're Not Paying Attention news
Will There Be A Quiet Place Part III? Here's What John Krasinski Says news
Golden Globes Host Ricky Gervais Explains Why He Won't Apologize For His Jokes television
Academy Awards 2020: What Movies Got The Most Oscar Nominations? news

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
widow-maker love
widow-maker
noun One who or that which makes widows by bereaving women of their husbands.
noun Specifically: In lumbering, a broken limb hanging loose in the top of a tree, which in its fall may injure a man below
noun A breaking cable.
noun rare One who makes widows by destroying husbands.
noun idiomatic Something which or someone who takes the lives of men; a hazard that affects mostly men or is specific for some trade, occupied mostly by men.
"Just so you know," she said all casual, "a huge widow-maker just fell in the middle of fairway one."
Critics were calling the Osprey a boondoggle and a death trap, a "widow-maker."
Given that record, and with its last crash nearly a decade behind it, the idea that the Osprey was a "death trap" and "widow-maker," as its harshest critics had charged, sounded like a hysterical echo from the past.
But the early 90s were also a time when most American teens were able to handle Macbethand the one-mile-run and getting drilled in the face by third-year senior Frankie Del Maccio's 80-mile-per-hour "widow-maker" during dodgeball in P.E. class by their sophomore year, without so much as one personal pain and suffering lawsuit levied against the school district, the gym teacher, or the kickball manufacturers.
Brock Cohen: Welcome to Bubble Boy Nation
Here are few of the things we didn't include, yet have certainly been clobbered by the gadget widow-maker that is the mobile phone.
Wired Top Stories
Michael N_______ is my Romanian-inflected cardiologist, the one who told me about the widow-maker a couple of years ago when I refused to get an angiogram after I'd had a few episodes of atrial fibrillation.
Cotty Chubb: The Widowmaker


You can read about Belle Lamunion, 1864-1848, and her amazing box of family memories here. Belle married Henry H Fellows, 1858-1905 in 1879 in Ashland Township, Newaygo County, Michigan.
This series of posts will center around the approximately 405 items in the box which are in my possession. I scanned the items one at at time as they were picked up from the box, in no particular order; and so the scans are not arranged by date or any other method. The posts will be numbered according to the order of the scanned item in my files. It may be that the posts will not appear in number order, especially if extra investigation is needed regarding a given item. So, just to be clear, the cards, clippings, photos and other items that were in the box will be described one at a time, and titled with the file number of the item's scan.
You can read about the characters whose names appear in the box in Cast of Characters . If you are related to this family, please contact me.
This card is dated march 29, 1920 and postmarked Grand Rapids, Michigan.
The card is written to Belle, and signed "Mart & Myrtle". I have no Idea who Mart is, but Myrtle could be the second daughter of Henry and Belle, Mary/Merta Fellows. She married twice that I am aware of, to a Featherly and to Benjamin Bush.
Edna Rose Fellows, 1892-1950, and her husband Ross Pressley Fenton, 1884-1957; and the "kids" are M-in-L's family. Edna and Ross were Papa's grandparents.
In 1920 there were three "kids" in their family, Laura Mae, 1910-1999; George Emerson, 1912-2001; and Frank Alfred, 1915-1994.


text:
MERALCO TO POWER PLDT'S LARGEST HYPERSCALE DATA CENTER
MERALCO TO POWER PLDT'S 11TH AND LARGEST VITRO HYPERSCALE DATA CENTER LOCATED IN STA. ROSA, LAGUNA. Present during the groundbreaking ceremony last March 18 were (from L-R): RED Engineering Regional Director for Asia-Pacific Martin Webb, DICT Regional Director Cheryl C. Ortega, Meralco President and CEO Atty. Ray C. Espinosa, PLDT and Smart President and CEO Alfredo S. Panlilio, PEZA Director General Charito B. Plaza, Laguna Governor Ramil L. Hernandez, Sta. Rosa City Mayor Arlene B. Arcillas, and PLDT FVP and Head of Digital Office Viboy S. Genuino.(Photo courtesy of PLDT)
The Manila Electric Co. (Meralco) has teamed up with the PLDT Group to ensure that the country's largest hyperscale data center will have reliable and high-quality electricity service once it starts operations.
Meralco is building a custom-designed substation on the site of VITRO Sta. Rosa, the telco's 11thhyperscale data center, which is currently being constructed in a five-hectare property in Laguna.
The Meralco substation will serve the dynamic power requirements of the hyperscale data center and will have the capability to scale-up and address the growing power demand of the facility over time through the installation of additional power banks.
This substation design will also provide resilient and flexible power to the data center, ensuring service continuity that goes beyond the standard requirements of the TIA-942 Rated 3 coverage.
"In a developing country like the Philippines, innovations become imperative to support and spur development. Meralco is honored to be part of this groundbreaking milestone of the PLDT Group, enabling more innovations to provide topnotch service to its clients," said Meralco Senior Vice President and Head of Networks Ronnie L. Aperocho.
"The new Meralco substation is designed to support the distinct power requirements of this VITRO Sta. Rosa hyperscale data center through the delivery of safe, adequate, reliable, and high-quality electricity service, consistent with our commitment to our 7.4 million customers," Aperocho added.
PLDT and Smart FVP & Head of Enterprise Business Group and ePLDT Chief Commercial Officer Jojo G. Gendrano, for his part, said: "This partnership with Meralco will assure our customers of unparalleled service. With this, coupled with ePLDT's deep Data Center operational experience & expertise, we are able to provide our valued customers with world-class colocation services."
As a power-intensive facility, PLDT recognizes the environmental impact of operating a data center of this capacity and has therefore integrated sustainability into its design and operations.
"Beyond providing the massive power requirements of the hyperscale data center, Meralco also commits to support PLDT's thrust to utilize renewable energy (RE) and energy efficient technologies to make the data center operations truly sustainable," Meralco President and CEO Atty. Ray C. Espinosa said.
"This is also timely as Meralco has already started shifting towards delivering clean energy to our customers beginning with our commitment to source 1,500 MW of our power requirements in the next five years from renewables, and to build 1,500 MW of RE generation capacity by 2027," he added.
VITRO Sta. Rosa is designed to be energy efficient utilizing the latest innovations in cooling and power redundancy. It is Tier-3 certified and Tier-4 ready, and has the highest level of network diversity and resilience with at least three fiber routes from PLDT, augmented by routes from other carriers.
"The PLDT Group is one with the nation in building a digitally advanced Philippines and making our country the next hyperscaler destination in Asia Pacific. With VITRO Sta. Rosa, we aim to set the benchmark in infrastructure resilience, operational excellence, global competitiveness, and world-class sustainability," PLDT President and CEO Alfredo S. Panlilio said.
"A facility of this caliber ensures the best possible customer experience not only for our hyperscale clients, but also for the Filipino end-users consuming their services. We at the PLDT Group are committed to providing world-class services to our global enterprise clients and to enabling the digital transformation of the country and the Filipino people," Panlilio concluded.


I am a Russian and English into Spanish translator based in Girona, Spain. With a PhD equivalent in Chemistry validated by the University of Barcelona, I specialise in science and technology with particular focus on nuclear applications in drug discovery and the medical physics, chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Contact me 24 hours/day, 7 days/week with your queries and concerns.
I am contactable either by email or Skype.
Copyright Laura Hernandez 2014. Website developed by Websites for Translators.


text:
María Cristina Lalonde
An accomplished financial writer, Maria has spent seven years writing compelling articles and reports for a variety of high-profile financial and legal clients.
Victoria Chan, CFA
Vicky has over 10 years' experience in financial services, working in strategy and management consulting.
She has also served as the deputy head of research for citibank's consumer bank in Australia, advising financial planners and clients on investment strategies and asset allocation. More recently, she has worked as an equity analyst for one of Australia's largest mutual funds. Vicky is CFA charterholder and also a chartered accountant. She is currently serving as a CFA industry mentor to univ...
Verified by a Financial Expert
Verified Content You Can Trust
At InvestingAnswers, we pride ourselves on quality, research and transparency. All of our content is verified for accuracy by certified financial experts, and we source information only from highly credible academic institutions and financial organizations.
All of our content is thorougly reviewed by experienced CFAs, CFPs, and CPAs.
10,000+ Research Pages
Our thousands of comprehensive definitions, articles, and calculators are written in plain, easy-to-understand English.
Every year, 10+ million visitors turn to us for answers to their most important financial questions.
For every visit, we makes a charitable donation to financial education programs for those in need.
What Is Return on Equity (ROE)?
Return on equity (ROE) is a measurement of how effectively a business uses equity – or the money contributed by its stockholders and cumulative retained profits – to produce income. In other words, ROE indicates a company's ability to turn equity capital into net profit.
You may also hear ROE referred to as "return on net assets."
Return on Equity Interpretation
A higher ROE suggests that a company's management team is more efficient when it comes to utilizing investment financing to grow their business (and is more likely to provide better returns to investors). A low ROE, however, indicates that a company may be mismanaged and could be reinvesting earnings into unproductive assets.
ROE is more than a measure of profit: It's also a measure of efficiency. A rising ROE suggests that a company is increasing its profit generation without needing as much capital. It also indicates how well a company's management deploys shareholder capital.
Put another way, a higher ROE is usually better while a falling ROE may indicate a less efficient usage of equity capital.
Use Caution When Interpreting a High Return on Equity
When interpreting ROE, it's important not to look at this ratio in isolation. A high ROE might indicate a good utilization of equity capital, but it could also mean the company has taken on a lot of debt. Excessive debt and minimal equity capital – also known as a high debt-to-equity ratio – may make ROE look artificially higher compared to competitors with lower debt.
How to Interpret ROE Within Different Industries
A return on equity interpretation may depend on the average ROE in a company's industry. Some industries tend to have higher returns on equity than others (or require less equity capital to operate). As a result, comparisons of ROE are generally most meaningful among companies within the same industry, and the definition of a "high" or "low" ratio should be made within this context.
For example, in 2020, a standard ROE for companies operating in the auto industry was around 12.5%. An ROE for a company in the retail sector, however, was well over 18%.
Example of How to Interpret Return on Equity within Different Industries
Let's say Auto Company XYZ held a sustained ROE of 14% over the last three years, while similar companies within its industry averaged 12.5%. From this comparison, we might assume that Auto Company XYZ's management team is better than average at utilizing company equity to generate profits (assuming the use of debt is the same across the auto industry).
Now, let's say that Retail Company UVW has sustained an ROE of 16% over the last three years (while similar companies within its industry averaged 18%). Even though Retail Company UVW has held a higher ROE than Auto Company XYZ, it may be comparatively less efficient at generating profits because it is underperforming (compared to similar companies, assuming the use of debt is the same across the retail industry).
How to Calculate Return on Equity
ROE is calculated by dividing the company's net income by the average shareholder equity. The ROE equation is often used to calculate capital efficiency over a fiscal year, however, it could also be applied to different periods of time.
To calculate the ROE for the most recent 12 months, we'd divide the 12 months' net income by average total equity over that same 12-month period. Analyzing changes in a company's yearly or quarterly ROE can be extremely useful in monitoring equity efficiency fluctuations.
Return on Equity Formula
ROE can be calculated with a simple equation:
Note: The above equation looks at equity efficiency for all shareholders (including non-controlling interests).
What Is Net Income?
Net income refers to the total profit that a company makes within a set period of time, prior to any distributions of dividends. Net income can be found on the company's income statement, one of three primary financial reports summarizing its performance and position.
What Is Shareholders' Equity?
Shareholders' equity is found on a company balance sheet, a financial statement reporting assets, liabilities, and equity at the end of a fiscal year. It measures how much of a company's net assets belong to the shareholders.
Return on Equity Example
Say Company ABC generated $10 million in net income last year. If Company ABC's average total equity equaled $20 million last year, we can calculate Company ABC's ROE as:
This means that Company ABC generated $0.50 of profit for every $1 of total equity last year, giving the company an ROE of 50%.
Return on Equity vs. Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR)
A company's return on equity can be used to predict its growth rate (also known as the sustainable growth rate).
SGR is the realistic pace at which a business can grow with internally-generated net income or profit – without having to finance growth with borrowed money or seek more equity from shareholders.
Investors can use a company's SGR to predict the financial health of a company and determine the riskiness of the company, hence the ability of the stock to maintain and grow its value.
A higher SGR suggests that a company is retaining and reinvesting profits to generate business growth. A high SGR generally indicates that management believes there are sufficient investment opportunities to generate a solid return to shareholders. A low SGR is often seen in more mature businesses where investment opportunities yield a lower return on equity.
Sustainable Growth Rate Formula
SGR is calculated by subtracting the company's dividend payout ratio (ie. the portion of net income distributed to stockholders in the form of dividends) from 1. Next, multiply that number by the company's ROE.
Sustainable Growth Rate Example
Say that Company DEF and Company GHI have the same ROE but offer a different dividend payout ratio. Company DEF has an ROE of 18% and pays 20% in dividends to stockholders (thus retaining 80% of its income).
Company GHI also has an ROE of 18% but pays 10% in dividends to stockholders (retaining 90% of its income).
We can estimate the sustainable growth ratio of Companies DEF and GHI through the following formula:
These numbers suggest that Company GHI reinvested more of its profits back into their business than Company DEF, and is, therefore, more appealing to investors. However, some investors may prefer a high dividend payout rate to a high sustainable growth rate (because dividend-paying stocks provide consistent income).
Advantages and Disadvantages of High Return on Equity
While a high ROE may indicate that a company is efficient at using equity to generate income and grow their business, it's not always a good thing.
If a company's ROE is significantly higher than the average ROE of similar companies in their industry, it could be a warning sign of:
Share Buybacks or High Dividend Payout Ratios
In some cases, a company may reduce its equity by repurchasing its own shares and/or using excessive amounts of debt to operate the business. When equity is reduced, ROE rises – even if the company is mismanaged.
Higher Debt
Rising debt levels can result in a higher ROE. Debts are subtracted from assets in order to calculate equity, thus reducing the divisor and resulting in a higher ROE. On the other hand, paying down debt can make an ROE appear lower, even though in the long run, the company is more financially sound because it does not have a higher debt burden.
Erratic Earnings
In some instances, a high ROE may indicate inconsistent earnings. For example, if a company has been unprofitable for a number of years, the cumulative losses can reduce stockholder equity. When this happens, the smaller divisor results in a higher ROE.
Return on Equity vs. Return on Assets
Like return on equity, return on assets (ROA) is another financial metric that can help indicate the asset use efficiency of a business. However, ROA measures the net income a company produces in relation to its total assets – not its equity.
For investors, analysts, and managers, ROE and ROA are only two of the many important metrics used to determine how a company is performing (relative to similar companies within its industry).
Ask an Expert about Return on Equity (ROE)
Adam Smith and the Wealth of Nations: The Birth of Economics
The Economics of Unemployment
Non-Financial Asset
Operating Cash Flow Margin
Seasonal Industry
At InvestingAnswers, all of our content is verified for accuracy by Victoria Chan, CFA and our team of certified financial experts. We pride ourselves on quality, research, and transparency, and we value your feedback. Below you'll find answers to some of the most common reader questions about Return on Equity (ROE).
If you have a question about Return on Equity (ROE), then please ask Victoria.
Victoria Chan, CFA - 153
CFA Charterholder
Chartered Financial Analyst
Vicky has over 10 years' experience in financial services, working in strategy and management consulting. She has also served as the deputy head of research for citibank's consumer bank in Australia, advising financial planners and clients on investment strategies and asset allocation.
Ask a question Read more from Victoria
Forget What You've Heard: Debt-Laden Companies Can Make Great Investments
Forget what you've heard, debt-laden companies offer great turnaround potential if you know what to look for. For...Read More ›
Stolen Debit Card? Here's How to Protect Your Money Now
As hackers continue to perfect their craft, credit card fraud continues to be an easy way for crooks to get fast cash. But there's one kind of fraud that's potentially much more dangerous...Read More ›
2012 Tax Law Changes Affecting Your 401(k) and IRA
In case you haven't noticed what your wallet has been trying to tell you, the cost of living has been rising lately. According to the...Read More ›
All-Star Investors Buffett, Lynch And Others Share Wisdom You Can Use
Investors spend a lifetime developing a suitable philosophy that helps shape their financial decisions. To develop their views, they seek the sage advice of successful investors. The best...Read More ›
7 Steps to Faster Home Insurance Claim Payments
There are few places in America that aren't subject to some type of natural disaster. Whether it's severe weather like tornadoes and thunderstorms, floods, earthquakes or wildfires, or water...Read More ›


Minimally invasive lifts using sutures without surgery to restore youthful facial contours is becoming popular. Suture thread suspension of the brow, checks, jowls, and neck has been evolving for many years. Currently there are two methods of suture lifting.
A loop thread is deployed from the top of the brow or from the side of the face and neck to harness the delicate tissues in the front and pull them in proper position (where the thread passes down to engage the sagging tissues and back upward in an H pattern), being tied where the thread was introduced. The loop and suture stays in place under the skin.
The popularity of tissue fillers to plump and enhance tissues of the face has lead to the development of Juvederm which is set to be released by Allergan in the FALL.
Women who seek Plastic Surgery for breast lift and reduction wish to have an ideal breast. Body shape as defined by morphic factors will determine what shape best fits each individual. The surgeon should create a breast form that is in balance with the body.
The eyes of the beautiful normal young person while varying in general shape, have one key feature in common. The vector or alignment of the eyes are slightly elevated from the horizontal or a positive vector.


I'm a fan of project cooking. Right now, without actually going to look in the basement, I know I have at least four on-going recipes. Cheese, sausages, anything that marinates or brines for a few days, I'm on it.
The recipe that caught my eye first in this month's Saveur is really four recipes in one. The Sweet Potato Cake in question requires you to make candied pecans, marshmallow meringue filling, and praline topping, in addition to the actual cake batter – which requires you to roast sweet potatoes, as a preliminary step. It was a day-long process and like most slow food, oh so worth it.
The recipe is the Savour's test kitchen's rift on the Thanksgiving stereotype. As a savory dish, the combination of sweet potatoes and marshmallows repels me, but reconstructed as dessert? I'm up for that. I did change the recipe – but not enough to call it an adaptation. I used whole wheat flour and roasted, peeled and mashed three pears along with one large sweet potato, so I had a about a half a cup more mashed content than called for in the recipe. And I cut the amount of butter and sugar in the cake batter in half – hoping the pears would make up for lost fat and sugar. Which they did – next time I'll cut the sugar back even farther.
The cake was a showstopper. I'm going to make it again for Thanksgiving – and serve it with the Apple Cider Cinnamon Ice Cream in the same issue. Saveur has me hooked.
I've been waiting for a new food magazine to love for a long time. For more than 15 years I was a loyal Bon Appétit reader. Fanatic reader is more like it. I toted my ever growing collection of magazines from coast to coast, twice. At one point, I even bought a cabinet just to hold all the back issues.
In dark ages before Epicurious I remembered where my favorite recipes were by each issue's cover shot. I read other food magazines, of course, but Bon Appétit taught me to cook and in return I offered my undying enthusiasm.
Then slowly – but still long before the most recent editorial upheaval, things began to change. The recipes were still there, but the magazine took on a slicker tone – more celebrity interviews, less depth. And I started buying Gourmet more often; we all know how that fling ended. One day, I tossed all the back issues and then I let my subscription lapse. It was over.
Since then, I've had a wandering eye. Someone gave me a subscription to Rachael Ray's magazine – that was a breathtakingly bad fit. For a while I followed Cooking Light, till their tone and the food itself began to irritate me. And Cooks Illustrated is the best cure for insomnia I've ever found.
But I kept coming back to Saveur. I love the depth with which they cover material – like say, the history of sweet potato casserole. Did you know that particular combination dates to 1917?
So finally, I subscribed – on my Ipad. This way I can skip thinking about the environmental costs of paper production, the carbon footprint of snail mail delivery, or the urge to hoard back issues. It's a guilt free indulgence.
Not at all like the cake.


Good for people with diabetes.
Free of gluten, fat, and cholesterol.
Rich in vitamins and amino acids.
Rice is a staple food in many countries in the world including India , where 68 % of the population eat basmati rice. Of all the varieties of rice , Basmati is the best and most expensive. Basmati word literally means Queen of scents and varieties of rice aromatic and absolutely delicious is a match with its name. A favorite choice of the nobles , basmati Extremely popular throughout the world. Basmati rice is ideal for people affected by diabetes and is good for diet because it does not have gluten , fat and cholesterol . even systems The oldest medicine in the states Ayuveda that basmati rice is a form most pure . Grain of rice varieties smooth that takes time minimal cooking . Basmati truly exceptional among rice varieties. It is rich of vitamins and amino acids make you energetic throughout the day and without adding weight because of low starch composition . Basmati is also suitable for children and suitable for consumed everyday . Basmati is one of the main export items of India and many exporters supplying this magnificent products to the rest of the World.


text:
Oh noes! high CO2 levels 'can make fish swim towards predators'
Alarmism
From the UNIVERSITY OF EXETER and the department of fish and chips comes this "study" which appears to be nothing more than an opinion piece.
Climate change impairs survival instincts of fish and can make them swim towards predators
Fish farms may hold key to studying the impact of rising CO2 on marine life, and if fish could adapt to climate change
Climate change is disrupting the sensory systems of fish and can even make them swim towards predators, instead of away from them, a paper by marine biologists at the University of Exeter says.
Research into the impact of rising CO2 has shown it can disrupt the senses of fish including their smell, hearing and vision.
High CO2 levels can impair the way they behave, including making them swim towards predator smells instead of away and even ignoring the sounds that normally deter them from risky habitats.
According to a paper published today in the journal Global Change Biology by Dr Robert Ellis and Dr Rod Wilson, climate-change marine biologists at Exeter University, these abnormal behaviours have been linked to the effect of CO2 on how the brain processes signals from sensory organs.
CO2 levels are predicted to be 2.5 times higher in the oceans by the end of this century.
The report's authors Dr Robert Ellis and Dr Rod Wilson believe that fish farms, may be the key to establishing the long-term impact of CO2 on marine life.
In their paper, Lessons from two high CO2 worlds: future oceans and intensive aquaculture, Dr. Ellis and Dr. Wilson, alongside a colleague from Chile (Dr. Urbina), show that farmed fish often live in CO2 conditions 10 times higher than their wild cousins.
The scientists believe that further study of farmed fish – which already provides as much seafood for human consumption as that caught in the wild – may be crucial for understanding how aquatic species will evolve to climate change.
The captive fish farm populations living in high CO2 levels already amount to "a giant long-term laboratory experiment".
"Aquaculture may provide an 'accidental' long-term experiment that can help climate-change predictions," said Dr. Ellis. "There is the enticing possibility that fish and shellfish previously grown in high CO2 aquaculture conditions over multiple generations can offer valuable insights regarding the potential for aquatic animals in the wild to adapt to the predicted further increases in CO2."
The aquaculture industry may also benefit from what the climate change scientists study too. The abnormal behaviour seen in wild fish may not matter in farmed fish, as they are provided with abundant food and shelter and they have no predators to avoid. But while extremely high CO2 can reduce digestion efficiency in cod, recent research suggests that relatively small increases in CO2 may actually act as a growth stimulant in some fish.
Dr. Rod Wilson said: "Our research will allow fish farmers to optimise conditions, and specifically CO2 levels, to improve growth and health of their fish, profitability and the long-term sustainability of the industry. This is really important given that aquaculture is the only way we will increase seafood production to feed the growing human population, particularly given wild fish stocks are overexploited".
This paper doesn't appear to be anything more than a collection of opinion, in my opinion. It is open source, so you can judge for yourself here:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.13515/full
Lessons from two high CO2 worlds – future oceans and intensive aquaculture
Robert P. Ellis, Mauricio A. Urbina, Rod W. Wilson
Exponentially rising CO2 (currently ~400 μatm) is driving climate change and causing acidification of both marine and freshwater environments. Physiologists have long known that CO2 directly affects acid–base and ion regulation, respiratory function and aerobic performance in aquatic animals. More recently, many studies have demonstrated that elevated CO2 projected for end of this century (e.g. 800–1000 μatm) can also impact physiology, and have substantial effects on behaviours linked to sensory stimuli (smell, hearing and vision) both having negative implications for fitness and survival. In contrast, the aquaculture industry was farming aquatic animals at CO2levels that far exceed end-of-century climate change projections (sometimes >10 000 μatm) long before the term 'ocean acidification' was coined, with limited detrimental effects reported. It is therefore vital to understand the reasons behind this apparent discrepancy. Potential explanations include 1) the use of 'control' CO2 levels in aquaculture studies that go beyond 2100 projections in an ocean acidification context; 2) the relatively benign environment in aquaculture (abundant food, disease protection, absence of predators) compared to the wild; 3) aquaculture species having been chosen due to their natural tolerance to the intensive conditions, including CO2 levels; or 4) the breeding of species within intensive aquaculture having further selected traits that confer tolerance to elevated CO2. We highlight this issue and outline the insights that climate change and aquaculture science can offer for both marine and freshwater settings. Integrating these two fields will stimulate discussion on the direction of future cross-disciplinary research. In doing so, this article aimed to optimize future research efforts and elucidate effective mitigation strategies for managing the negative impacts of elevated CO2 on future aquatic ecosystems and the sustainability of fish and shellfish aquaculture.
Caltech: Planet 9 from outer space responsible for 'curious tilt of the sun'
First new nuclear power plant in U.S. in 20 years goes online
Kamikazedave
You think this is idiotic, just wait and see what happens if (probably when, unfortunately) the Hildabeast wins next month.
Caligula Jones
Well, I'll admit its a stupid paper, but its no "climate change will lengthen bee tongues"…
Where are they getting the 250% increase in oceanic CO2?
Allencic
As with a glass of cold beer that loses CO2 as it warms and becomes "flat", won't the ocean lose, not gain, carbon dioxide if it warms? Of course, it's a big "if" that it's going to warm at all.
Bill Illis
There is 45 times more Carbon in the oceans that in the atmosphere.
The ocean Carbon is rising by about 0.005% per year and in 100 years at current and projected rates, it will increase by about 1.0%.
So, yeah, these guys have no ability to do (non-global-warming-type) math. 250% is a very long way off of 1.0%.
And the fish will probably not notice 1.0% given they have evolved when the atmosphere component was 10 times higher.
Better than "feminist glaciologists"
Can it be coincidence that a Cabela's ad came up? CO2 improves fishing.
Horace Jason Oxboggle
Reply to yam
As someone who likes to fish, that surely makes me a predator. Does this new "science" mean that, from now on, all I need to do is show up and wait? And think of the savings by avoiding having to buy bait!
Obviously, no fish survived back when CO2 levels were 10 to 20 higher than today.
FJ Shepherd
What can be said about this paper, other than: Hahahahahahahahahahahaha!
ristvan
"Many papers… show CO2 impact on fish behavior." NOT TRUE. There are several papers showing minor physiological changes in fish at higher CO2, but generally not on survival or reproduction, all listed in the following reference. There is exactly and only one paper (according to its own abstract about being first) showing the behavior claimed by this Exeter paper. It is Heuer et. al., Scientific Reports 6: 33216 published on line 9/13/2016. Happen to have read about it last month via the usual science alarm sites. Easy to google.
Mainly from Cook U in Australia with support from U Miami's Rosentiel School, from the ARC Center of "Great Barrier Reef is dying infamy". (Recall Jim Steele's recent takedown of ARC GBR nonsense.) They caught spiny damselfish out on the GBR. Half control, half gassed for 4 days at 1900uATM (which works out in seawater to about 1800ppm!!!). Then dissect some to show GABA brain receptor chemical imbalance in the gassed fish but not the controls. Why GABA? Because it is sensitive to HCO3 ion gradient (and not just in fish) — so they have the answer before the experiment. Then put remaining fish sequentially in a two seawater flume experimental box where one flume had a chemical alarm clue. Paper has a picture of the flume setup with one dyed. The gassed damsel fish spent more time on average in the alarm flume than the controls. Total number of fish: 20. Total time in flume box: 2 minutes, three minute 'rest', then 2 more minutes with flume sides switched. And thus was new warmunist fish alarm created, which Exeter further spun in the echo chamber with amazing reaction times.
BTW, in humans the GABA receptor is the target for benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanax). So fish get tranquilized by CO2 at 3x the level the IPCC AR5 expects in 2100. Who knew?
More classically typical 'climate science'.
H. D. Hoese
Reply to ristvan
It has been a couple of years since I looked at the pH literature, but Ristvan is probably correct. Except for chemical papers the only antique paper (last century) cited, probably not much examined was by Jim Cameron. I would suggest that the authors look at his other papers, some with others, on species he researched, including blue and fiddler crabs and gar, all which live in some really cruddy water, pH wise that is. He and I studied at the same laboratory back before carbon dioxide was known to be toxic at environmental levels.
One of the most common marine cultured fish is the striped mullet, which not only lives in such cruddy places, but even eats the stuff. Our laboratory studied so much on mullet physiology I cannot begin to even think of how it might be important to this subject. Well, maybe that predators have similar responses to prey.
Have rarely looked at papers in that journal, but my impression has been that it does not deserve to be considered as science.
Mjw
As soon as any study makes mention of Cook U it loses all credibility.
fossilsage
"3x the level expected in 2100″… if there is any effect at all on the brain in the experiment couldn't it just be CO2 intoxication? You can also intoxicate, cause damage, and even kill a human being by making them ingest more water than they would under any sane circumstance.
If you're a budding young researcher and you need a grant, you ain't gonna get one unless your project is titled something like "How global warming affects [fill in the blank]".
That's no doubt where studies like this one come from.
Greg Woods
Reply to Jim Watson
How about this: How global warming affects Warmista brains?
Reply to Greg Woods
I think that's a given.
mikerestin
"affects…affects no no no!
destroys, kills, causes extinction, crushes…
You'll have trouble competing with a whimpy term like affects.
scarletmacaw
One of our Astronomers need to submit a research proposal entitled:
"The Effect of Climate Change on the Distribution of White Dwarf Stars in the Galactic Halo."
Gary Kerkin
Purely speculation, or as pointed out, opinion. That said, Henry's Law would dictate that as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases so, with no other physical changes, will the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed into the oceans. Of course, if the global temperature increases according to the AGW hypothesis then the oceans should also warm and therefore absorb less carbon dioxide. But…it all depends on what happens to the carbon dioxide absorbed into the oceans. A significant amount will be consumed by photosynthesis, no doubt some will be converted to carbonates, the rest will likely be chemically buffered and the reversible conditions to which Henry's Law applies will not be applicable. Therefore a figure of 250% increase is likely merely guesswork.
Actually, it is the fact that they are farmed fish. Domesticated animals typically have a brain 25% smaller than their wild counterparts.
charlieskeptic
Reply to Curious George
Youse tellin me that non-subsidized organisms are smarter? Who wudda thunk? Gimme my gumment check and I'll vote for you! Now whoose smarter?
As a husband I'm sure my wife will attest to that.
TheLast Democrat
Reply to mikerestin
Well , the USA voter is thoroughly domesticated .
So, how did anything survive the Cretaceous when world temperatures were 10°C higher than they are today?
Hmmm….so fishermen should just use live bait and let it find the fish?
Keep using the fish that are caught as bait and eventually they will catch the biggest fish in the lake?
This smells a bit fishy to me.
Reply to Gunga Din
This study is the best news for live-bait anglers that has ever been published.
Rodzki of Oz
Fish that have a higher tendency to swim towards a predator will (ipso facto) be less likely to pass on their genes to the next generation. Their fishy friends with higher CO2 tolerance will be successful breeders. Nature adapts. Who wasted their (or more likely "our") money paying for this dim-witted research?
Reply to Rodzki of Oz
Do you drive the company truck the same way you drive yours? Same concept as bureaucrats spending your money.
Been there. Done that. Got the bonuses.
Suckers.
James Cook U. So you did. Unfortunately, also U Miami, so I did.
RIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIGHT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Dr Robert Ellis and Dr Rod Wilson have jumped the shark. Fonzie says "Great Move?"
Steve Fraser
Did thy test how predators may be affected?
graphicconception
Reply to Steve Fraser
Following this study to its logical conclusion, I think it means that Killer Whales and Great White Sharks will jump on to the decks of fishing boats as they pass by.
Pop Piasa
They didn't even say what predators the fish swim towards. Are they assuming that the all-powerful trace gas will cause Salmon to swim towards Grizzly Bears?
oeman50
Good point, Steve. The CO2 should also make them less predatory, right? It's a wash, no harm no foul!
R2Dtoo
Reply to oeman50
So- the predators will become blind pigs, and the fish will become acorns?
Bob Greene
I haven't gone back and looked but this one seems to be similar to others I've read or heard summaries. You have to wonder how repetitions with really no new information get published.
Taking a fish and dump it into water with much greater CO2, lower pH and then see what happens soon after the shock is valid science? Ignore Henry's law and ignore the long periods of adjustment that would happen getting to their doomsday is valid? This climate change fish science sounds a lot like the joke about a guy who hires the accountant who answers a question with "tell me what result you want."
"farmed fish – which already provides as much seafood for human consumption as that caught in the wild". There's something not quite right with that statement. Technically, it may well be correct, but just think about it. Farmed fish have to eat in order to grow. Typically, they eat more than 2 units of food to put on 1 unit of weight. Typically, they are fed seafood. So the oceans are being stripped of seafood in order to provide a much smaller amount of farmed fish. It's not a good equation. [Note. Farmed beef has a similar equation, but cows eat grass, which humans can't eat. I suspect that humans could very easily and profitably eat the seafood that farmed fish are fed.]
Aren't pretty much ALL fish predators?
But will it make fish swim towards my hook?
Reply to David S
Maybe if you got a bottle of CO2 and attached a bubbler to you hook…it could work. 🙂
Reply to SMC
Hmm… seems like Seven-Up should draw them in, maybe.
Charlie Adamson
As the great Shemp Howard says,.." OOh! OOh!" Raising his hand. "I get it."
The grant predators swim towards the CO2,.. no matter what form it takes. 😉
DredNicolson
Considering the traumatic levels of academic stupidation they were no doubt exposed to, I would postulate their piscean specimens were driven to suicide.
higley7
Not knowing that CO2 partitions 50 to 1 into water, these clowns think that a little rise in atmospheric CO2 will significantly increase the oceans' CO2. If the atmospheric CO2 went up 10%, ocean CO2 would go up by 2% of that 10%, which is 0.2%, which is way smaller than the normal variation of CO2 in the oceans. THey forget that CO2 will rise at night when everything in a coral reef is respiring and decrease during the day when the photosynthetic portion of the reef is actively consuming CO2. If we doubled CO2, which is not going to happen, it would mean only a 2% increase in the oceans. Tempest in a teapot or an alarmist mind, same thing.
The fish will be fine. I'm hugely more worried about the impact on CO2 on climate scientist behavior. It appears to interfere with the cognitive processes and send them into all kinds of strange convulsions. Perhaps I should seek a research grant to create a computer model of the process? If we fail to act soon, I fear the species is headed for extinction. Oh wait… 🙂
Dudley Horscroft
First sentence of abstract – "Exponentially rising CO2 (currently ~400 μatm) is driving climate change and causing acidification of both marine and freshwater environments. ".
It should ring alarm bells when there are three significant errors in the first sentence.
1. CO2 levels are not rising 'exponentially', they are rising approximately linearly. The rise earlier was at an increasing rate with time, but this is now barely the case.
2. CO2 levels are not driving climate change – the climate has been changing in various manners irrespective of the CO2 content of the atmosphere.
3. Changes in CO2 levels are not causing acidification of marine and fresh water environments. The normal level of seawater pH is from 8.0 to 8.4, that of freshwater varies according to the rocks over which the water has run, plus the various additives from cars, farming, chemical industries, soap, detergents, human wastes, etc. Various correspondents here have shown that the change in marine pH from increased atmospheric CO2 is minimal, and still keeps sea water well over on the basic side. No acidification there.
OK perhaps I have misinterpreted things – if so, please correct me.
Reply to Dudley Horscroft
Yeah, but "exponentially" really sounds impressive. Don'tcha think?
ptolemy2
Fish evolved in the Cambrian when atmospheric CO2 was at 10,000-20,000 ppm.
So now we are to believe that fish are turning suicidal with CO2 increasing from 350 to 400ppm?
Maybe instead organisms are delerious with delight that with CO2 returning toward safe levels, the threat to the biosphere of CO2 starvation is receding.
The remaining threat to them is now from the life-hating necrophiles who regard life-giving CO2 as the enemy.
geomarz
Athmosferic CO 2: 0.15 mmHg. Anaesthesic CO2 in human 60 mmHg.
Gerry, England
University of Exeter was enough to end my interest.
chris moffatt
Easy way to end the speculation and see what's really what. Just drop some major fish predators in the fish farm waters and see if the fish swim towards the predators. Shouldn't take long if there's enough CO2 present. Not all climate change research has to be done by thought experiment.
Where do these idiots get ocean CO2 will "increase 2.5 times by 2100??
Oceans currently contain roughly 38,500 billion tons of carbon dissolved as carbonic acid, of which human CO2 emissions since 1750 have only added around 700 billion of this total, after burning 30% of known fossil fuel reserves…
How can burning ALL remaining fossil fuels add 60,000 gigatons of carbon to the oceans?
What an absurd paper.
Kip Hansen
This is another reference to Bad OA studies that were outed by Chris Cornwall, which I wrote about here and here.
The real message of the new study, which should be shouted around, is:
"In contrast [to repeated scare stories of the dangers of minor increases in atmo CO2], the aquaculture industry was farming aquatic animals at CO2 levels that far exceed end-of-century climate change projections (sometimes >10 000 μatm) long before the term 'ocean acidification' was coined, with limited detrimental effects reported. It is therefore vital to understand the reasons behind this apparent discrepancy. "
This assertion is just as accurate as their claim that CO2 causes catastrophic global warming.
In case anyone wants to do a real literature search on the subject here is a start.
Moss, S. A, and W. N. McFarland. 1970. The influence of oxygen and carbon dioxide on fish schooling behavior. Mar. Biol. 5:100-107.
Baker, C. L. 1941. The effects on fish of gulping atmospheric air from waters of various carbon dioxide tensions. J. Tenn. Acad. Sci.16(1):39-50.
And what will do when they discover a real toxic compound out there.
Eddy, F. B. 2005. Ammonia in estuaries and effects on fish. J. Fish. Biol. 67:1495-1513.Stopping urination sounds reasonable. Actually I read something where they want to keep cattle away from streams.
Reply to H. D. Hoese
New Zealand has legislation and rules to keep livestock out of streams and waterways and farmers now are being required to fence waterways in a endeavour to preserve the quality of water. A recent outbreak of campylobacter which saw most of the residents of a small town on the East coast of the North Island affected has been blamed on fæcal contamination by dairy cows but the source of contamination has not been identified.
Climate Resource Conflict Inferred From a Jaguar Killing an Ocelot
To Promote Climate Alarm, Good News Is Regularly Portrayed as a Disaster
MIT Technology Review: Pandemic Denial Shows Rising Climate Deaths Might Not Lead to Action
Alarmism Opinion
LA Times: Children "literally organizing out of climate anxiety"


text:
import time
import logging
import circuit

class CircuitBreakerSet(circuit.CircuitBreakerSet):

    def __init__(self, errors, logger=None):
        logger = logger or logging.getLogger('circuit-breaker')
        super(CircuitBreakerSet, self).__init__(time.time, logger)
        self.handle_errors(errors)

    def test(self):
        '''Raises CircuitOpenError if any of them are open otherwise everying OK.'''
        return [circuit.test() for circuit in self.circuits.values()]

    def all_closed(self):
        try:
            self.test()
        except circuit.CircuitOpenError:
            return False


text:
Caruao peut désigner :

Toponymes

Caruao : une localité de l'État de La Guaira ;
 Caruao : l'une des onze paroisses civiles de la municipalité de Vargas dans l'État de La Guaira.

Homonymie de toponyme


text:
Curly Page
Colin de Grandhomme
Mason Hughes
Devon Conway
Tom Latham
Kyle Jamieson
Quinton de Kock
Heinrich Klaasen
Keshav Maharaj
Anrich Nortje
Tabraiz Shamsi
Milford Laurenson Page
May 08, 1902, Lyttelton, Christchurch, Canterbury
February 13, 1987, Christchurch, Canterbury, (aged 84y 281d)
Right arm slow
Christchurch Boys' High School
Curly Page was the second of New Zealand's Test captains. A fine performer in whatever sport he chose, he was especially prominent in cricket and rugby; he was an All Black scrum-half in 1928. He was 18, still attending Christchurch Boys' High School, when selected to play for Canterbury against strong Australian side in 1921 and he continued to represent the Province until 1937. The Plunket Shield programme in those days provided for only three games, but none the less he scored 2,424 runs for Canterbury, with an average of 33.20. He made his highest score, 206, against Wellington in 1931-32. Altogether, he scored 5,857 runs in first-class cricket, averaging 29.88, and hit nine hundreds. He was a member of New Zealand's first team to England in 1927, when he passed 1,000 runs, returned in 1931 and was captain of the touring team in 1937. He played in fourteen Tests, scoring 492 with an average of 24.60. His one century, 104 at Lord's in 1931, was the first of New Zealand's dramatic comebacks. He was also a useful slow-medium bowler and an Astaire-like slip or gully. Self-effacing and modest, he was an unobtrusive captain, one of the game's quietly spoken, gentle figures.
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack
Test 14 20 0 492 104 24.60 1 2 0 6 0
FC 132 213 17 5857 206 29.88 9 32 115 0
Test 14 12 379 231 5 2/21 2/21 46.20 3.65 75.8 0 0 0
FC 132 4622 2364 73 4/10 32.38 3.06 63.3 0 0
New Zealand vs England at Christchurch - January 10 - 13, 1930
England vs New Zealand at The Oval - August 14 - 17, 1937
Page birth centennial occurred this week
The hundredth anniversary of the birth of New Zealand cricket great ML "Curly" Page fell this week
09-May-2002Matthew Appleby


I have made a note of this in my previous post about Magnatune being terribly insecure. Those who follow me on Twitter or Google+ already got the full details of it but I thought I would repeat them here. And add a few notes about that.
I remember Magnatune back in the days in which I hang around #amarok and helped with small changes here and there, and bigger changes for xine itself. It was at the time often used as an example of good DRM-less services. Indeed, it sold DRM-free music way before Apple decided to drop its own music DRM, and its still one of the few services selling lossless music — if we exclude Humble Bundle and the games OSTs.
But then again, this is not a license to have terrible security, which is what Magnatune has right now. After naming Magnatune in my the aforementioned post I realized that I had not given it a new, good password but it's instead still using one of the old passwords I used to use, which are both insecure by themselves, a bit too short, possibly suitable to dictionary attacks, and I was not even sure if it was using the password I used by default on many services before, which is of course terrible, and was most likely leaked at multiple points in time — at least my old Adobe account was involved in their big leak.
As I said before, I stopped using fixed passwords some time last year, and then I decided to jump on LastPass when Heartbleed required me to change passwords almost everywhere. But it takes a while to change passwords in all your accounts, especially when you forget about some accounts altogether, like the Magnatune one above.
So I went to Magnatune website to change my password, but of course I forgot what the original was, so I went on and decided to follow the procedure for forgotten passwords. The first problem happens here: it does not require me to know which email address I registered with, instead it asks me (alternatively) for an username, which is quite obvious (Flameeyes, what else? There are very few sites where I use different usernames, one of which being Tumblr, and that's usually because Flameeyes is taken). When I type that in, it actually shows me on the web page the email address I'm registered with.
What? This is a basic privacy issue: if it wasn't that I actually don't vary my email addresses that much, an attacker could now find an otherwise private email address. Worse yet, by using the users available in previous dumps, it's possible to assign them to email addresses, too. Indeed, A quick check provided me with at least one email address of a friend of mine by just using her usual username — I already knew the email address but that shouldn't be a given.
Anyway, I got an email back from Magnatune just a moment later. The email contains the password in plain text, which indicates they store it that way, which is bad practice. A note about plain text passwords: there is no way to prove beyond any doubt that a service is hashing (or hashing and salting) user passwords, but you can definitely prove otherwise. If you receive your password back in plain text when you say you forgot it, then the service does not store hashed passwords. Conversely, even if the service sends you a password reset link instead, it's still possible it's storing the plain text password. This is most definitely unfortunate.
If the sending server spoke TLS to the GMail server (yes it's gmail in the address I censored), it would have shown something like (version=TLSv1.2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128); (which appears in the comment messages I receive from my own blog).
Not encrypting the email in transit means that anybody that could have sniffed the traffic coming out of Magnatune's server would be able to access any of their customers' accounts: they just need to snoop the email traffic and they can receive all the password. Luckily, the email server from which the email arrived is hosted at a company I trust very much, as I'm their customer too.
So I tried logging in with my username and newly-reminded password, unfortunately my membership expired years ago, which means I get no access at all — so I can't even change my password or my email address. Too bad. But then it allowed me to figure out some more problems with the security situation of Magnatune.
When you try to login, you get sent on a different website depending on which kind of membership you subscribe(d) to. In my case I got the download membership — when you go there, you get presented with a dialog requesting user and password from your browser. It's standard HTTP based authentication. It's not very common because it's not really user friendly: you can't serve any content until the user either puts the right username/password or decides they don't know a valid combination and cancel the dialog, in which case a final 401 error is reported, and whichever content the server sent will be displayed by the browser.
Beside the userfriendliness (or lack thereof), HTTP authentication can be tricky, too. There are two ways to provide authentication over HTTP, one is Basic and the other is Digest — neither is very secure by default. Digest is partially usable, but suffer from lack of authentication of parties, making MitM attacks trivial, while Basic, well, allows a sniffer to figure out username and password as they travel in plaintext over the wire. HTTP authentication is, though, fairly secure if you use it in conjunction with TLS. Indeed for some of my systems I use HTTP authentication on a HTTPS connection, as it allows me to configure the authentication at the web server level without support from the application itself.
What became obvious to me while failing to log in to Magnatune was that the connection was not secure: it was cleartext HTTP that it was trying to get me to log in through. So I checked the headers to figure out which kind of authentication it was doing. At this point I have to use "of course" to say that it is using Basic authentication: cleartext username and password on the wire. This is extremely troublesome.
While not encrypting email reduces the attack surface, making it mostly a matter of people sniffing at the datacenter where Magnatune is hosted – assuming you use an email provider that is safe or trustworthy enough, I consider mine so – using basic authentication extend the surface immensely. Indeed, if you're logging in Magnatune from a coffee shop or any other public open WiFi, you are literally broadcasting over the network your username and password.
I can't know if you can change your Magnatune password once you can log in, since I can't log in. But I know that the alternative to the download membership is the streaming membership, which makes it very likely that a Magnatune user would be logging in while at a Starbucks, so that they can work on some blog post or on source code of their mobile app while listening to music. I would hope they used a different password for Magnatune than for their email address — since as I noted above, you can get to their email address just by knowing their username.
I don't worry too much. My Magnatune password turned out to be different enough from most of my other passwords that even if I don't change it and gets leaked it won't compromise any other service. Even more so now that I'm actively gathering all my account and changing their passwords.
Previous Post Did Apple lose its advantage?


text:
Book Break - online book series - Episode 8
BOOK BREAK - online book show series - Episode 8
Log on during your lunch hour for the Christmas Special Book Break where author Alexandra Heminsley is joined by David Whitehouse and Ben Collins, who will be talking about their latest titles and a special appearance of Garth Jennings
Broadcast date: Friday 12th December
Broadcast time: 12:30pm
In episode eight of BOOK BREAK, anchored by author Alexandra Heminsley (Running Like a Girl), we are joined by Betty Trask Prize winner David Whitehouse and Ben Collins, more commonly known as former Top Gear's "The Stig". We also have a special guest appearance of Film Director turned Children's Author, Garth Jennings, as he undergoes the rigorous questioning in our Writer's Room.
As the former "The Stig", Ben Collins appeared on Top Gear for seven years, taking us from series three to series 15 of the TV phenomenon. He's raced cars in almost every class you can imagine and performed as a stunt
driver in films such as Skyfall and The Dark Knight Rises, he talks to us about his latest release, How to Drive, a perfect stocking filler for all petrol heads.
Award winning author of Bed, David Whitehouse's breakout second novel is Mobile Library. Quirky, dark, magical and full of heart, Mobile Library is both a tragicomic road trip and a celebration of the adventures that books can take us on. It's a love-letter to unlikely families and the stories that shaped us. Mobile Library tells a tragicomic adventure about a troubled adolescent boy who escapes his small town in a stolen library-on-wheels.
Garth Jennings is best known as a film director, although he started out directing music videos for the likes of Blur, Radiohead and Fatboy Slim. He moved into feature films with The Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy which he followed with Son Of Rambow. He's now turned his talents to Children's Literature with THE DEADLY 7 and he talks about his work as an author and the inspiration behind this book.
Finally Alexandra will share her recommendations on books you might like to buy for your friends and family this Christmas – as well as the books you might want to keep for yourself!
Follow #bookbreak on Twitter, subscribe to the Pan Macmillan YouTube channel or watch the broadcast right here at 12:30pm Friday 12th December.
My Favourite Reads of 2014 .... and a few to look ...
The Two of Us by Andy Jones
Heavenly's Child by Brenda Reid
Significance by Jo Mazelis
Tsunami Kids: Our Journey from Survival to Success...
A Blogger's Year of Bookish Events
Vigilante by Shelley Harris
Summertime by Vanessa Lafaye
The Liar's Chair by Rebecca Whitney
Things We Couldn't Explain by Betsy Tobin with Aut...
The Year of Taking Chances by Lucy Diamond
Guest Review of The King's Sister by Anne O'Brien
Black's Creek by Sam Millar
Ridley Road by Jo Bloom ** BLOG TOUR & AUTHOR Que...
A Gift from Bob: How a Street Cat Helped One Man L...
Guernsey Retreat by Anne Allen
The Paying Guests by Sarah Waters
Thornfield Hall by Jane Stubbs ** A Pre-Christmas...
After Helen by Paul Cavanagh
The Watcher in the Shadows by Carlos Ruiz Zafon


text:
CArgumentNullException::CArgumentNullException()
    : std::runtime_error("Argument can not be null.")
{
}

CArgumentNullException::CArgumentNullException(const char* message)
    : std::runtime_error(message)
{
}

CArgumentNullException::CArgumentNullException(const string& message)
    : std::runtime_error(message)
{
}


Miley Cyrus is still twerking it up, and she did so onstage with Juicy J by suggestively shaking her rear to the tune of "Bandz a Make Her Dance." Essentially, this video shows what it's like when a girl with no booty tries to shake it.
Finally (and I probably should have included this in Friday's column), here is the audio of Nine Inch Nails' new single, "Came Back Haunted." Sadly, I am not in love with it.
← Who Are Today's Leading B-Movie Stars?


Opera has now released the first beta version of Opera 12.00, the next major release of its popular web browser. Version 12.00 is also known by its code name Wahoo. It adds a number of new features to the browser, including 64-bit support for the Windows and Mac versions.
Opera 12.00 beta also has a number of performance and stability improvements, new support for hardware accelerated graphics chips via WebGL, redesigned security badges, right-to-left scripts support, a number of new themes such as Cookie Monster in the screenshot above, and more.
I want to try Opera, but then I remember why I didn't in the first place. (Screen flicker).
I'm really thinking about trying Opera have not tried it in a long time and since this is a beta it's worth a go.


Wireless Networking Security – How About a Refresher Course?
All wireless routers have a Service Set Identifier (SSID) that identifies them to network computers. Routers from the same manufacturer generally ship with the same SSID. Once you get your wireless router or wireless access point set up you should set your SSID to something unique. This ensures you are connecting to your network and lets your neighbors know this is not their network.
For increased security you can turn off the broadcast of your SSID. This ensures your router isn't displayed in the list of available networks. No one will even see your wireless network. This adds a layer of protection beyond the essential strong password.
Now on to security: Running an unsecured network will earn you brownie points from neighbors and hackers, and allow anyone in range to connect to your network and utilize your network connection. This will slow down your connection and create security problems such as providing unintentional access to your secured / shared files etc.
Wireless routers and access points support a variety of encryption methods, such as WEP, WPA, and WPA2. Let's take a little closer look at these security algorithms.
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP): The original encryption protocol developed for wireless networks. As its name implies, WEP was designed to provide the same level of security as wired networks. However, WEP has many well-known security flaws, is difficult to configure, and is easily broken. DON'T USE IT!
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA): (WPA Personal): Introduced as an interim security enhancement over WEP while the 802.11i wireless security standard was being developed. Most current WPA implementations use a preshared key (PSK) and the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP, pronounced tee-kip) for encryption.
Wi-Fi Protected Access version 2 (WPA2) (WPA2 Personal): This encryption method is based on the 802.11i wireless security standard, which was finalized in 2004. The most significant enhancement to WPA2 over WPA is the use of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for encryption. The security provided by AES is sufficient and approved for use by the U.S. government to encrypt information classified as top secret. Some older legacy devices may not recognize WPA2.
A strong password consists of at least eight characters, but preferably 12 or more. Your password should have a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols (@, #, $, %, etc.). Passwords are typically case-sensitive. A strong password contains letters in both uppercase and lowercase.
For convenience, some like to use several words that they can remember and quickly type in sequence such as "yellowrobinduckfiveaces". If you use this method, make sure the words are not related, and not in sequence and use a minimum of 16 characters. To state the obvious, the password "ThreeFourFiveSix" is not a secure password.
Your password should not contain common words, names, your birthdate or common strings such as "1234" or "abcde" etc. You should not use common keyboard strings such as "qwert" or "yuiop" etc.
For a secure password, you can use an online password generators such as Random.Org. This is a great option for generating a secure password.
Enjoy your secure Wireless Network!


Due to the number of changes in further education in the last number of months the existing on-line tutorials have been removed as aspects of the information was dated and no longer in line with actual practice relating to QQI and FETAC.
In the medium term FESS hopes to develop new on-line tutorials to assist you. In the meantime please use the other resources on the site to keep up to date with developments.
Also please refer regularly to www.fetac.ie and www.qqi.ie for updates.


This report compares the Subjects of Benchmark Levels across multiple Terms, for any given set of students. Note that this is not a cohort report, so each year represents a somewhat different set of students. This report is also available across many different Jux™ orientations.
This report compares the level of support required for a given set of students, and compares Subjects across Terms. This report is also available across many different Jux™ orientations.
This report compares the Average Score for a given set of students tested, across multiple years.
This report lists multiple years of Need for Support scores for all of the students at a given school, in a given grade or in a specific classroom. In the example's case, it lists only the students in grade 3 at Burbank School.


Administration and finance : Health and safety : First aid and medical care : Individual healthcare plans: when should pupils have one?
Individual healthcare plans: when should pupils have one?
Which pupils require an individual healthcare plan (IHP)? In this article, we relay guidance from the DfE about when a pupil might need to have an IHP. We also include advice about pupils with temporary medical conditions.
Administering medicines: do we need parental consent?


If your backlight isn't working, the inverter may be bad. Other parts that may be bad are the display or the logic board. If your backlight fails intermittently while moving the display, the problem is with the inverter cables. Otherwise it is impossible to test for damaged parts without replacing them one by one. If you are comfortable taking apart the display assembly, replace the display inverter first, then replace the LCD. If you are not comfortable with this, you can replace both parts at once by replacing the display assembly if you have a processor speed of 1.33 GHz or less. Choose this display assembly if you have a 1.42 GHz Processor. If this still doesn't solve your problem, you need a new logic board.
Models of this iBook with an internal Airport Extreme card commonly encounter startup or crashing problems due to intermittent connector contact between the Airport card and logic board. Your iBook may fail to boot (screen remains black) or may crash/freeze at random times, possibly with a kernel panic. See Airport Extreme installation instructions at iBook G4 14" 1.42 GHz AirPort Extreme Card Replacement, additional notes for step 30.
If you wish to see replies to your comments go to Answers!
My iBook G4 has alot of the letters A in a square on the screen. I really help.


See where emergency shelters are located throughout Brookline.
Access information on the local aquatics center.
Gain information on the Kirrane Ice Skating Rink.
Find out where the libraries are located within Brookline.
Learn more about the county you reside in.
Find details pertaining to parking policies, parking locations, and other related information.
Find out where parks, playgrounds, athletic fields, basketball courts, tennis courts, nature sanctuaries and water play are located within Brookline.
Visit the Robert T. Lynch Municipal Golf Course resource for detailed information.
Read about potential transportation options for senior citizens.
Gain information on Brookline taxi services to take advantage of.
Find information about when your trash pick-up day is as well as other trash-related data.
Locate and utilize existing veterans' centers and services.
Review the locations of the local veterans' outreach centers.


text:
Allen Latham Anderson was an American brigadier general and civil engineer who commanded the 8th California Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War. He was also known for being the nephew of Robert Anderson and the cousin of Nicholas Longworth Anderson.

Biography

Before the war
Allen was born on March 18, 1837, at Dayton, Ohio as the son of Charles Anderson and Eliza Jane Brown Anderson. He gained his early education around the local schools at Dayton before entering the United States Military Academy in 1854 as a cadet and graduating in the Class of 1859, ranking 16th. Initially, there were few vacancies for captains but he was eventually made Brevet 2nd Lieutenant of the 2nd Infantry Regiment before being transferred to the 5th Infantry Regiment and stationed at California after a long trip through Cape Horn.

American Civil War
Anderson was promoted to first lieutenant on May 14, 1861, when the American Civil War broke out. He was initially stationed at New Mexico due to the advances of Henry Hopkins Sibley heading for Fort Union and proceeded to participate at the Battle of Valverde. His actions at the battle earned him a promotion to brevet major for "gallant and meritorious services". He was promoted to captain on December 3, 1862, and stationed at Prescott. Anderson was then sent on an expedition into Western Arizona, where he began a campaign against Apache generals Cochise and Victorio. On March 13, 1865, he was brevetted brigadier general for "meritorious and gallant services during the War." Around the same time, Anderson held command of the 8th California Infantry Regiment during the formation of the unit.

Later years
Anderson was honorably discharged on November 10, 1865, but continued military service due to a military commission until January 7, 1867, when he resigned to pursue civil engineering and then became the Chief Engineer of the New Mexico Mining Company until 1869. Anderson returned to Ohio to become the Chief Engineer of Public Works in Cincinnati, Ohio from 1870 to the fall of 1879. He continued his engineering career as a private consultant until 1894 when his health began to fail him and moved to Southwestern Kentucky. Due to being a member of the U.S. Soldiers' Home at Santa Barbara, California, he resided there in his final years until June 9, 1910, from a pneumonia outbreak and was buried at Kuttawa Cemetery.

See also
List of American Civil War brevet generals (Union)

References

1837 births
1910 deaths
People of California in the American Civil War
Union Army colonels
Union Army generals
Military personnel from Dayton, Ohio
United States Military Academy alumni
Military personnel from California
American civil engineers
19th-century American engineers


text:
Q: Codeigniter 4 - Emojis stored in database differ from they are displayed in html page I am new in Codeigniter 4, and I am working on a tutorial related to Emojis.
I got the problem that I spent a week on the internet with the hope to find out a solution. Unfortunately, nothing can solve the issue. Hope you can help me out.
Issue description:
I followed the link from Github emojionearea that assisted me with creating an Emoji picker.
It run perfectly until I submitted an emoji to database and retrieved it from DB to show in a webpage.
I selected an emoji, for example the Man Technologist emoji, it was showed in the input field as One Emoji (see the screenshot "Before submitting" below), which is what I want.
Before Submitting
After I submitted it to the database and retrieved to display in a page, I realised that there are two emojis have been saved (see "After Submitting" screenshot below).
After Submitting
That is the issue I want to be helped.
Following is my Database Settings:
I set DB, DB tables and columns to the charset utf8mb4 and collations to utf8mb4_unicode_ci.
I run SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%'; in phpmyadmin SQL to see the current status of my Database with the Charset set. It shows as below:
DB Charset
In the file Database.php in Config folder, I set as below:
enter image description here
In my php view, I included the code <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html" charset="utf-8"> in the header.
Done descripting my issue.
Please help me go throught and fix this problem.
Thank you!
I tried to change to many charsets for database.
I was expecting that Database got exactly as the emoji displayed in a page before being submitted to Database.

A: It says on the Emojionearea github page that "The end result is a secure text/plain in which the image icons will be replaced with their Unicode analogues." So what is saving to the database is the unicode version of the Emojione image you picked.
To convert the unicode back to an Emojione image, install the PHP Toolkit for the Emojione library:
https://github.com/joypixels/emoji-toolkit/blob/master/INSTALLATION.md
composer require joypixels/emoji-toolkit

Then use this toolkit to convert the unicode back to an image:
https://github.com/joypixels/emoji-toolkit/blob/master/examples/PHP.md
use JoyPixels\Client;
use JoyPixels\Ruleset;

$client = new Client(new Ruleset());
echo $client->toImage($inputText);

Emojionearea seems to be using an older version (3.1.2) of Emojione by default, so you might want to create an extension of the Client class to set the toolkit to the same version, as the images for the various versions are slightly different:
<?php

namespace App\Libraries;

use JoyPixels\Client;

class Emoji extends Client
{
    public $emojiVersion = '3.1'; // 3.1.2 does not seem to work
}

Then use this class instead to convert the unicode string into an image:
use App\Libraries\Emoji;
use JoyPixels\Ruleset;

$client = new Emoji(new Ruleset());
echo $client->toImage($inputText);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange