text:
Q: Typescript interface property to string Question/Answer - Update 2021
This questions was asked 6 years ago, and I had very little understanding of Typescript!
I don't want to remove it because there are still some people reading this post.
If you want the type of a variable to be a property of another one, you can use keyof.
Example:
interface User {
    name: string;
    age: number;
}

const nameProperty: keyof User = 'name'; // ok
const ageProperty: keyof User = 'age'; // ok
const emailProperty: keyof User = 'email'; // not ok

If you want a method that takes a parameter which is a property of another parameter you can use generics to link both types together.
Example using generics + keyof:
const foo = <TObject extends object>(
    object: TObject,
    property: keyof TObject
) => {
    // You can use object[property] here
};

foo({ a: 1, b: 2 }, 'a'); // ok
foo({ a: 1, b: 2 }, 'b'); // ok
foo({ a: 1, b: 2 }, 'c'); // not ok

Example using generics + Record:
const foo = <TKey extends string>(
    object: Record<TKey, unknown>,
    property: TKey
) => {
    // You can use object[property] here
};

foo({ a: 1, b: 2 }, 'a'); // ok
foo({ a: 1, b: 2 }, 'b'); // ok
foo({ a: 1, b: 2 }, 'c'); // not ok

Don't use this question answers please! Typescript will automatically tell you that there is an error if you rename the property at some point.

Original question (2014)
Objective
I have an interface TypeScript :
interface IInterface{
    id: number;
    name: string;
}

I have some methods which take in entry the name of a property (string).
Ex :
var methodX = ( property: string, object: any ) => {
    // use object[property]
};

My problem is that when i call methodX, I have to write the property name in string.
Ex : methodX("name", objectX); where objectX implements IInterface
But this is BAD : If i rename a property (let's say i want to rename name to lastname) i will have to update manually all my code.
And I don't want this dependency.
As typescript interfaces have no JS implementations, I don't see how I could not use string.
I want to have something like : methodX(IInterface.name.propertytoString(), objectX);
I'm pretty new to JS, do you see an alternative ?
(Optional) More details : Why do I need to pass properties as parameter, and why I don't use a generic method ?
I use methods that link data :
linkData = <TA, TB>(
    inputList: TA[],
    inputId: string,
    inputPlace: string,
    outputList: TB[],
    outputId: string ) => {

    var mapDestinationItemId: any = {};
    var i: number;
    for ( i = 0; i < outputList.length; ++i ) {
        mapDestinationItemId[outputList[i][outputId]] = outputList[i];
    }

    var itemDestination, itemSource;
    for ( i = 0; i < inputList.length; ++i ) {
        itemDestination = inputList[i];
        itemSource = mapDestinationItemId[itemDestination[inputId]];
        if ( itemSource ) {
            itemDestination[inputPlace] = itemSource;
        }
    }
};

But TA and TB can have a lot of different ids. So i don't see how to make it more generic.

A: You could write a function to parse the body of a function to find the name e.g.:
methodX(getName(()=>something.name), objectX)

Where getName will do a toString on the function body to get a string of the form "function(){return something.name}" and then parse it to get "name".
Note: however this has a tendency to break depending upon how you minify it.

A: I've changed basarat code a little bit, so we can use it as generic:
const P = <T>( property: (object: T) => void ) => {
    const chaine = property.toString();
    const arr = chaine.match( /[\s\S]*{[\s\S]*\.([^\.; ]*)[ ;\n]*}/ );
    return arr[1];
};

And example usage:
console.log(P<MyInterface>(p => p.propertyName));

A: For browsers that support the Proxy class:
function propToString<T>(obj?: T): T {
  return new Proxy({}, {
    get({}, prop) {
      return prop;
    }
  }) as T;
}

class Foo {
  bar: string;
  fooBar: string;
}

console.log(propToString<Foo>().bar, propToString(new Foo()).fooBar);
// Prints: bar fooBar

// Cache the values for improved performance:
const Foo_bar = propToString<Foo>().bar;

A: Update 2019: This answer is outdated, please look at the update added directly into the question.

basarat answer is a good idea, but it doesn't work with interfaces.
You can't write methodX(interfacePropertyToString(()=>interfaceX.porpertyname), objectX) because interfaceX is not an object.
Interfaces are abstractions and they are used only for TypeScript, they doesn't exist in Javascript.
But thanks to his answer i found out the solution : using a parameter in the method.
Finally we have :
    interfacePropertyToString = ( property: (object: any) => void ) => {
        var chaine = property.toString();
        var arr = chaine.match( /[\s\S]*{[\s\S]*\.([^\.; ]*)[ ;\n]*}/ );
        return arr[1];
    };

We have to use [\s\S] to be able to match on multilines because Typescript convert (object: Interface) => {object.code;} to a multiline function.
Now you can use it as you want :
        interfacePropertyToString(( o: Interface ) => { o.interfaceProperty});
        interfacePropertyToString( function ( o: Interface  ) { o.interfaceProperty});

A: Somewhat related problem - how to get/set a value to a property path. I wrote two classes for that:
export class PropertyPath {
    static paths = new Map<string, PropertyPath>()

    static get<T, P>(lambda: (prop:T) => P) : PropertyPath {
        const funcBody = lambda.toString();
        var ret : PropertyPath = this.paths[funcBody];
        if (!ret) {
            const matches = funcBody.match( /(?:return[\s]+)(?:\w+\.)((?:\.?\w+)+)/ ); //first prop ignores
            var path = matches[1];
            ret = new PropertyPath(path.split("."));
            this.paths[funcBody] = ret;
        }
        return ret;
    };

    path : Array<string>

    constructor(path : Array<string>) {
        this.path = path
    }

    getValue( context : any) {
        const me = this;
        var v : any;
        return this.path.reduce( (previous, current, i, path) => {
            try {
                return previous[current];
            }
            catch (e) {
                throw {
                    message : `Error getting value by path. Path: '${path.join(".")}'. Token: '${current}'(${i})`,
                    innerException: e
                };
            }
        }, context)
    }

    setValue( context : any, value : any) {
        const me = this;
        var v : any;
        this.path.reduce( (previous, current, i, path) => {
            try {
                if (i == path.length - 1) {
                    previous[current] = value
                }
                return previous[current];
            }
            catch (e) {
                throw {
                    message : `Error setting value by path. Path: '${path.join(".")}'. Token: '${current}'(${i}). Value: ${value}`,
                    innerException: e
                };
            }
        }, context)
    }

}

Example of usage:
var p = PropertyPath.get((data:Data) => data.person.middleName)
var v = p.getValue(data)
p.setValue(data, newValue)

Some sugar over it:
export class PropertyPathContexted {

    static get<T, P>(obj : T, lambda: (prop:T) => P) : PropertyPathContexted {
        return new PropertyPathContexted(obj, PropertyPath.get(lambda));
    };

    context: any
    propertyPath: PropertyPath

    constructor(context: any, propertyPath: PropertyPath) {
        this.context = context
        this.propertyPath = propertyPath
    }

    getValue = () => this.propertyPath.getValue(this.context)

    setValue = ( value : any) => {this.propertyPath.setValue(this.context, value) }

}

And usage:
var p = PropertyPathContexted.get(data, () => data.person.middleName)
var v = p.getValue()
p.setValue("lala")

I find the the latest quite convenient in two-way databinding in React:
var valueLink = function<T, P>( context: T, lambda: (prop:T) => P) {
    var p = PropertyPathContexted.get(context, lambda);
    return {
        value: p.getValue(),
        requestChange: (newValue) => {
            p.setValue(newValue);
        }
    }
};

render() {
   var data = getSomeData()
   //...
   return (
       //...
       <input name='person.surnames' placeholder='Surnames' valueLink={valueLink(data, () => data.person.surnames)}/>
       //...
   )
}

A: If you need to validate the strings you can create a new type based on keyof from the interface. If you have an object you can use keyof typeof object.
Example for language files:
localizationService.ts
import svSE from './languages/sv-SE';
import enUS from './languages/en-US';
import arSA from './languages/ar-SA';
import { ILanguageStrings } from './ILanguageStrings';

/*
If more languages are added this could be changed to:
    "sv-SE": svSE,
    "en-US": enUS,
    "ar-SA": arSA
*/

export const messages = {
    "sv": svSE,
    "en": enUS,
    "ar": arSA
};

//Identical types
export type IntlMessageID = keyof typeof messages.en;
export type IntlMessageID2 = keyof ILanguageStrings;

ILanguageStrings.ts
export interface ILanguageStrings {
    appName: string
    narration: string
    language: string
    "app.example-with-special-charactes": string
}

en-US.ts
import { ILanguageStrings } from '../ILanguageStrings';

const language: ILanguageStrings = {
    appName: "App Eng",
    narration: "Narration",
    language: "Language",
    "app.example-with-special-charactes": "Learn React."
}

export default language;


text:
IPO Corner
Sebi raps ICICI Prudential AMC for bailing out ICICI Securities IPO
ICICI Securities had launched its IPO in March for 7.72 crore equity shares with a price band of Rs 519 to Rs 520.
BusinessToday.In Last Updated: July 3, 2018 | 13:32 IST
ICICI Prudential Asset Management Company (IPRU) has just been rapped on its knuckles by the markets watchdog. According to The Economic Times, the fund house had ploughed in Rs 640 crore in the initial public offering (IPO) of ICICI Securities (ISEC) under five of its schemes. Of this amount, Rs 400 crore was applied on the first day and Rs 240 crore was applied on the last day.
A source told the daily that Sebi recently penned a directive to IPRU alleging that "The decision to revise bids and make additional bids amounting to Rs 240 crore on the last day is a clear indication of facilitating subscription in the QIB portion so that the issue does not fail". In other words, according to Sebi, IPRU's second investment saved the IPO.
To remind you, ISEC had launched its IPO in March for 7.72 crore equity shares with a price band of Rs 519 to Rs 520. The issue was filed under regulation 26 (2) of the SEBI (Issue of Capital and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations 2009, wherein at least 75 per cent of the net offer to public has to be allotted to Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIB). Failing that, the full subscription money has to be refunded. IPRU had applied for and was allotted a total of around 123.08 lakh shares at the upper end of the price band, i.e. Rs 520, in the QIB category.
However, the regulator claims that the move was neither in the best interests of investors nor in conformation with mutual fund norms. "IPRU has been investing in multiple tranches in various IPOs. The practice of revision of bids during the 3-5 day bidding period appears contrary to the stated 'long-term investment' and investment based on fundamentals philosophy of IPRU," said Sebi's letter, adding, "Further, it is difficult to comprehend what changes in fundamentals of ISEC during the bidding period could have caused IPRU to make additional bids of Rs 240 crore on day 3 of the public offer, once a fairly large bid of Rs 400 crore was already made on day 1".
So the market regulator has reportedly directed IPRU to refund Rs 240 crore to all the five schemes that subscribed to it, namely ICICI Prudential Balanced Advantage Fund, ICICI Prudential Balanced Fund, ICICI Prudential Banking and Financial Services Fund, ICICI Prudential Focused Bluechip Equity Fund and ICICI Prudential Value Fund Series 19.
Sebi's directive also asked the fund house to pay investors who have redeemed their units since the date of allotment in the IPO. "For this, the AMC shall determine the loss incurred by respective schemes due to fall in the price of ISEC scrip and investors should be paid to the extent of units redeemed by them during the aforementioned period [from the date of allotment till the date when the AMC refunds the amount to the schemes]. The payments by AMC to the investors shall be with an interest of 15 per cent per annum starting from the date of redemption till the date when the said payment is made by the AMC," the directive added.
The ISEC scrip had made a lacklustre debut on the exchanges as it got listed at Rs 431.10 on the BSE, down 17.10 per cent from the price shelled out by IPRU. On the NSE, the stock listed at Rs 435. It is currently trading at Rs 320 apiece, down over 38 per cent from the IPO price.
The daily added that the loss of Rs 89 crore, courtesy the fall in stock price, will have to be borne by the fund house.
Tags: Sebi | ICICI Prudential AMC | ICICI Securities IPO | ICI Securities | ICICI | ICICI Prudential | IPO
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
DIRTY WORKGOLD STANDARDOMAHA BEACHOVERSHARESWEARVINO ROSSO
| Nicking | Contact Us
360° Virtual View
MULTIPLE G1 WINNER AND UNDEFEATED 2YO
OverviewRace RecordAnalysisNicking
Curlin (USA) – Mythical Bride (USA), by Street Cry (Ire)
2015, Chestnut | 16.1hh - Entered Stud: 2020 | Fee: $13,750 Eligible for Breed Secure
Submit Mare
Earned $4,803,125 – the most accomplished horse ever by leading sire Curlin.
Multiple G1 winner in the mould of elite sire CURLIN – arguably his closest-resembling son by looks, quality, style & type.
Undefeated 2yo, G2 winner at 3yo, $6,000,000 Breeders' Cup Classic (G1) hero at 4yo by 4 1/4 lengths over 9 G1 winners, incl. McKinzie, Higher Power, Elate, Code of Honor, Yoshida, Seeking the Soul, Math Wizard, War of Will, etc.
Won the Gold Cup at Santa Anita (G1), defeating 2019 G1 winners Gift Box, Mongolian Groom & Higher Power.
Fastest Breeders' Cup Classic on record by THORO-GRAPH: -6 ¼ (Arrogate -5, Saint Liam -4 3/4, Ghostzapper -4 1/2, California Chrome – 4 1/2, Curlin -4, American Pharoah -3 1/2, Mucho Macho Man -3 1/2, Invasor (Arg) -3 1/2, etc.).
Won the same sire-making $1,000,000 Wood Memorial (G2) in a faster time (1:49.79) than multiple Group 1 winner and exciting young sire Frosted – second fastest time in the last decade.
Out of the multiple stakes-producing Street Cry (Ire) mare Mythical Bride, a half-sister to Belmont S. (G1) runner-up COMMISSIONER-G2 and Breeders' Cup Sprint (G1) runner-up LAUGH TRACK-G3– 18 stakes performers under his first four dams.
The Mr Prospector/Street Cry cross is familiar to Australian breeders with significant success in recent years, having produced fast G1 winners Con TePartiro, Lyre, Trekking and The Quarterback.
"He's spectacular looking and about as well-bred a horse as there is. He and Justify were our best yearlings (in 2016)."–John Gunther, 2018 Eclipse Award Winner for Outstanding Breeder
"Vino Rosso represents really affordable value and therefore great opportunities for such an outstanding racehorse by an elite stallion in Curlin who has over 14% stakes winners to runners." — Adrian Hancock, Hancock Quality Bloodstock
"When Vino Rosso first came out to parade, I got that 'wow' factor straight away. He is a very Aussie-looking stallion – very strong hindquarter, good bone, just a powerful-looking animal." — Peter Boyle, Cornwall Park
Age Starts 1st (SW) 2nd (SP) 3rd (SP) Earned
2 2 2 0 0 US$48,000
3 7 1 (1) 0 2 (2) US$794,500
4 6 3 (3) 1 (1) 1 (1) US$3,960,625
Totals 15 6 (4) 1 (1) 3 (3) $4,803,125
Won at 2:
An allowance race at Tampa Bay Downs (1640m, by 2 1/2 lengths, defeating Bon Raison, Moveslike Molasses, etc.)
A maiden special weight race at Aqueduct (1400m, by 2 3/4 lengths, defeating Point to Remember, Home Run Maker, Allured, On Patrol, etc.)
Wood Memorial S. at Aqueduct (G2, 1800m in 1:49.79, by 3 lengths, defeating Enticed, Restoring Hope, Firenze Fire, King Zachary, Evaluator, Old Time Revival, etc.)
3rd at 3:
Jim Dandy S. at Saratoga (G2, 1800m, to Tenfold and Flameaway, defeating Reride and Sporting Chance)
Sam F. Davis S. at Tampa Bay Downs (G3, 1700m, to Flameaway and Catholic Boy, defeating Hollywood Star, Navy Armed Guard and Septimus Severus)
Breeders' Cup Classic at Santa Anita Park (G1, 2000m, defeating McKinzie, Higher Power, Elate, Math Wizard, Code of Honor, Yoshida, Seeking the Soul, War of Will, Owendale and Mongolian Groom)
Gold Cupat Santa Anita S. (G1, 2000m, defeating Gift Box, Lone Sailor, Mongolian Groom, Higher Power, Core Beliefs and Blitzkrieg)
Stymie S. at Aqueduct (1600m in 1:35.27, defeating Title Ready, Shivermetimbers, Sunny Ridge, California Night, Stan the Man, Curlin'sHonor and Hero's Welcome)
2nd at 4:
Jockey Club Gold Cup S. at Belmont Park (G1, 2000m in 2:00.30, (finished 1st but DQ'd to 2nd) to Code of Honor, defeating Tacitus, Preservationist and Olympic Village)
Whitney S. at Saratoga (G1, 1800m, to McKinzie and Yoshida, defeating Preservationist, Forewarned, Monongahela and Imperative)
Spendthrift Australia's shuttle stallion Vino Rosso (USA) heads down under for his second season. He boasts an impressive race record and blood that is likely to cross successfully with families in the southern hemisphere.
His first southern hemisphere foals are coming this season and his first crop of northern hemisphere foals have been well received by breeders.
Unbeaten in two starts as a juvenile, Vino Rosso compiled six wins and more than US$4.8 million on the racetrack, headed by victories in the G1 Breeders' Cup Classic, G1 Gold Cup and G2 Wood Memorial.
He will be the only son of two-time American Horse of the Year Curlin (USA) at stud in Australia.
Curlin is emerging as a sire of sires, with his Belmont Stakes-winning son Palace Malice (USA) making a strong start to his own stud career. Palace Malice's four individual stakes winners to date include Structor (USA), who won the G1 Breeders' Cup Juvenile Turf.
Notably for breeders in the southern hemisphere, Structor is out of a mare by long-serving and highly successful shuttle stallion More than Ready (USA). Curlin himself has also sired multiple stakes winners out of More Than Ready mares.
But there are many other bloodlines worth considering with this well-credentialled young Spendthrift stallion.
• A son of the globally influential Smart Strike (CAN), Curlin has formed an affinity with mares from the prolific Storm Cat (USA) line. That cross has produced 18 individual stakes winners for Curlin, headed by the G2 winners Point Of Honor (USA), Tenfold (USA) and Diversy Harbor (USA). Palace Malice has also sired G2 Risen Star Stakes winner Mr Monomoy (USA) with this cross.
• Storm Cat sources to be considered include Tale of the Cat (USA) and Giant's Causeway (USA). Curlin has sired three stakes performers out of Giant's Causeway mares, including the G3 Matt Winn Stakes winner King Zachary (USA).
• Curlin has also struck black-type gold with the Danzig (USA) line, producing nine stakes winners. Good Magic (USA), by Curlin out of a mare by Danzig's son Hard Spun (USA), won the G1 Breeders' Cup Juvenile and Haskell Invitational and finished second to Triple Crown champion Justify (USA) in the Kentucky Derby. More than half a dozen other stakes winners come from this cross, including G2 winner and Belmont Stakes runner-up Irish War Cry (USA).
• Curlin is out of a Deputy Minister (CAN) mare and has crossed successfully with descendants of that sire, producing 10 stakes winners including four at G1 level. A good cross here could be with Deputy Minister's son Dehere (USA).
• Daughters or granddaughters of Red Ransom (USA) have produced multiple stakes winners for Curlin, including Palace Malice, and he has crossed successfully with mares by Tapit (USA).
• One of Curlin's standout progeny, the champion Stellar Wind (USA), is out of a mare by Malibu Moon (USA). Malibu Moon is by A.P. Indy (USA), who in turn is by Seattle Slew (USA). Seattle Slew also features in the pedigree of Curlin's G1 Preakness Stakes winner Exaggerator (USA).
Vino Rosso service fee for 2021 will be $13,750 inc. GST
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How to Fix the Issue with Constantly Refreshing Explorer.exe?
Home »	Fix » How to Fix the Issue with Constantly Refreshing Explorer.exe?
Issue: How to Fix the Issue with Constantly Refreshing Explorer.exe?
I recently upgraded from Windows 8.1 to Windows 10. Everything seems OK in general, but one problem doesn't let me to be calm. When I access File Explorer, each time I scroll down to a particular location in a folder, for some reason the window freezes for several seconds, and then scrolls to the top of the folder automatically. I can't rename files and folders too because when I try doing so, some kind of refresh happens and again, I'm exposed to the top of the window again. I heard some rumors that this irritating refreshing is related to explorer.exe file. Could you please explain why this happens and how to solve this issue?
How to fix explorer.exe refreshing constantly?
Freezes, crashes, and reloads that happen when browsing for the files in folders are, indeed, caused by explorer.exe process. In other words, those freezes and crashes are not caused by the mentioned process, but actually the process itself freezes and then reloads. This, let us call, error is very irritating because it prevents the user from finding needed files, naming/renaming folders, and often make the user to open the wrong files accidentally.
Explorer.exe is a one of the core parts of Windows Operating System. It is also known as Windows Explorer file, which is basically used for browsing files and folders within Microsoft Windows system. When this file is run, an application window is launched simultaneously and the user is able to scroll down the content of folders and files stored in them. It is assumed that a constant explorer.exe refreshing on Windows happens due to slideshow wallpapers and dynamic accent colors. Although Microsoft technicians are aware of this issue, they claim that it happens due to user's choice to render slideshow wallpapers and dynamic accent colors, which is why this issue is not going to be fixed automatically. Having this in mind, you have to fix explorer.exe refresh error manually.
As soon as you notice issues like continuous explorer.exe refresh, it's advisable to install a PC optimization tool and troubleshoot the system with it. As you probably already know, various system errors may occur due to registry failure, startup programs, cache, and so on. You should do the same if you experience system slowdowns, freezes or crashes. There are various free PC optimization tools on the Internet, thus it may be difficult to pick out the right one. Our experts highly recommend using Reimage.
Right-click on a random place of your desktop (not folder or another file) and select Personalize.
Find Background option and click on drop down menu below it.
Here you should see that Slideshow option is set. Change it to a Picture or a Solid Color.
Select a picture to set as your wallpaper.
In case this did not help, try to fix explorer.exe refresh issue the other way, which is as easy as this one.
Find Colors on the left pane and click on it.
Locate an option Automatically pick an accent color from my background and slide a toggle below it to Off instead of On.
Select a color that you prefer and close the Personalize window.


text:
AGA Reading Room 07.26.2018 Comment
Updated HCV Guidelines Focus on Key Populations
New version includes recommendations for pregnant women, people who inject drugs, gay men, and prisoners
Latest In AGA Reading Room
12.28.2020 AGA Reading Room
Adhering to CRC Screening Guidelines Can Save Lives
New Evidence Supports Using Capsule Endoscopy for Complicated Celiac Disease
Novel Ammonia Scavenger May Benefit Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy
by Liz Highleyman
Contributing Writer, MedPage Today
This Reading Room is a collaboration between MedPage Today® and:
Expert Critique
FROM THE AGA Reading Room
Olanma Okoji, MD Gastroenterologist Capital Digestive Care Washington, DC
The newest HCV guidelines highlight populations with a high burden of hepatitis C virus to further help both primary care practitioners and gastroenterologists in screening and treating patients with the goal of ending the hepatitis C epidemic. The main populations highlighted now include pregnant women between age 18-39 (now more at risk because of the ongoing opioid epidemic). The guidelines further highlight the downstream effect on the opioid epidemic on increasing rates of HCV infection. Men who have sex with men via sexual transmission especially in HIV-positive men and individuals in correction facilities (often associated with injection drug use) are also highlighted as populations at risk.
These new guidelines serve to broaden our scope of who we screen for treatment, especially in lieu of direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs), which cure HCV in as little as 8-12 weeks -- in many cases without the need for ribavirin. What needs to be clarified further, however, is the safety profile of DAAs in pregnant women and even the rate of vertical transmission to offspring (at 5-15%), which is much lower compared with pregnant women with active hepatitis B. The guidelines do clarify that breastfeeding is safe for mothers who are found to be HCV positive.
The guidelines also given more guidance on how to screen: People who inject drugs should receive HCV tests at least annually. In addition, ongoing active drug use is not a contraindication to treatment, and people should be retested regularly to detect reinfection.
Sexual transmission of HCV infection is a growing concern in HIV-positive men who have sex with men and has even been seen in HIV-negative men. Thus the new guidelines recommend screening sexually active HIV-positive gay and bisexual men and adolescents at least annually and more often if they have other risk factors. Condom use is also highly recommended.
As for incarcerated individuals, they should be screened and treated while incarcerated, especially if they are serving long sentences.
These updated guidelines are very thorough in who should be screened for hepatitis C and how often screening should occur. This helps to narrow the lens and hopefully capture more HCV-infected individuals who can be cured, further decreasing morbidity and mortality from end-stage liver disease.
Full Critique
Guidelines for hepatitis C management and treatment were updated in May, adding detailed recommendations for pregnant women and populations with a high burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
The guidelines, developed by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), were prepared by a panel of experts based on a comprehensive review of relevant research. Published online, the guidelines are updated regularly as new data become available.
"The newest update to the guidance focuses on eliminating hepatitis C from the highest-risk populations, as multiple reports indicate new cases of HCV infection are increasing," panel co-chair Arthur Kim, MD, director of Viral Hepatitis at Harvard Medical School told AGA Reading Room. "We also address a key gap in identification of perinatal transmission of HCV, by recommending universal rather than risk-based screening of pregnant women."
Treatment with direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) has transformed the management of hepatitis C. Today, most patients -- even those previously considered difficult to treat -- can be cured with an 8- or 12-week course of well-tolerated therapy. More than 95% of infected individuals can now achieve sustained virological response without interferon or ribavirin.
The previous guidelines update last November added the most recently approved pangenotypic regimens, which are effective against all genotypes of HCV. The latest revision focuses more on implementation, offering recommendations for HCV testing, management, and treatment of key populations.
The guidelines continue to recommend treatment for all patients with chronic hepatitis C, regardless of liver disease stage, with the exception of those who have a short life expectancy for other reasons.
"With the success of HCV treatments, the medical community must now shift our focus toward eliminating HCV as a public health problem. As a first step, our panel has made new recommendations to re-emphasize the importance of testing key populations and treating virtually all patients with the virus," Kim and fellow panel co-chairs said in an IDSA press release.
HCV infection is rising among pregnant women. It is estimated that up to 29,000 women with HCV gave birth annually from 2011 through 2014, the guidelines note. These figures reflect sharp increases in HCV infections among women and among people ages 18 to 39 associated with the ongoing opioid epidemic.
The previous guidelines update recommended HCV antibody testing for pregnant women with known or suspected risk factors. The latest revision goes further, recommending that all pregnant women be tested regardless of risk, ideally at the initiation of prenatal care. A positive antibody test should be followed by HCV RNA testing.
Whenever possible, testing should be performed during the first trimester, when HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) testing are already being done, according to panel co-chair Kristen Marks, MD, of Weill Cornell Medical College in New York City.
"We know that the opioid epidemic has brought HCV to this age group and that risk-based testing is not sufficient. Identifying pregnant women not only allows intervention in the health of the mother, but also identifies children who require subsequent testing," Marks told AGA Reading Room.
Due to the lack of safety and efficacy data, hepatitis C treatment during pregnancy is not recommended. If possible, women of reproductive age should be treated for HCV before trying to become pregnant, the guidelines state.
Women found to be infected during pregnancy can delay treatment until after they give birth. Mother-to-child HCV transmission during pregnancy and delivery occurs at a rate of 5%-15%. There currently are no known interventions to prevent perinatal transmission, although experience with HIV and HBV suggests that antivirals may reduce the risk, the panel notes. Mothers with HCV are not advised to avoid breastfeeding unless they have cracked or bleeding nipples or are co-infected with HIV.
Women who become pregnant while taking DAAs should discuss the risks versus benefits of continuing treatment with their provider, according to the guidelines. Pregnant women and their male partners should not use ribavirin, which can cause congenital abnormalities.
Sharing equipment for injection drug use is the most common risk factor for hepatitis C in the United States, and the prevalence of HCV infection reaches 70% in some populations of people who inject drugs.
As noted, HCV infections are increasing among young people in the context of the opioid epidemic, leading to shifts in the epidemiology of a disease that has traditionally been most prevalent among baby boomers. The opioid crisis has heavily impacted rural and suburban areas, many of which lack adequate syringe exchange and other harm reduction programs.
The guidelines recommend that people who inject drugs should receive HCV tests at least annually, or more frequently if their risk level is high. People who continue to inject should be linked to harm-reduction services and treatment for substance use, such as methadone or buprenorphine substitution therapy, if available.
Conversely, syringe exchange programs and sites that offer substance use treatment should offer routine HCV antibody testing on an opt-out basis, with immediate confirmatory HCV RNA testing if positive. Those who test positive should be referred for treatment. Ongoing active drug should not be considered a contraindication for treatment, according to the guidelines. Those who continue to inject should be retested regularly to detect reinfection.
Studies have shown that people who inject drugs can be successfully treated with DAAs, with cure rates matching those of non-drug-users.
"There is strong evidence from various settings in which people who inject drugs have demonstrated adherence to treatment and low rates of reinfection, countering arguments that have been commonly used to limit HCV therapy access in this patient population," the panel wrote. "Indeed, combining HCV treatment with needle/syringe exchange and opioid substitution treatment programs in this population with a high prevalence of HCV infection has shown great value in decreasing the burden of HCV disease."
Drug and alcohol abstinence requirements "create barriers to treatment, add unnecessary cost and effort, miss an opportunity to decrease HCV transmission, and potentially exclude populations that are likely to obtain substantial benefit from therapy," the panel added.
Sexual transmission of hepatitis C is a growing concern among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. Outbreaks of sexually transmitted HCV infection have been reported since 2000 among HIV-positive gay and bisexual men who report no injection drug use. Risk factors include group sex, use of non-injected recreational drugs, and the presence of sexually transmitted infections.
Several studies have seen high rates of HCV reinfection after successful treatment or spontaneous clearance in this population. Though less common, cases of apparent sexual transmission of HCV have also been reported among HIV-negative men, including those using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention.
The updated guidelines recommend that sexually active HIV-positive gay and bisexual men, including adolescents, should receive HCV antibody testing at least annually, or more often based on risk. Those who were previously treated or spontaneously cleared HCV should receive annual HCV RNA tests. HCV RNA testing can also be used to detect acute HCV infection.
Those found to be infected should be treated according to the guidelines. Using new DAAs, HIV-positive people can achieve HCV cure rates equal to those of HIV-negative people.
HIV-negative men should be tested for HCV when they start PrEP and at least annually thereafter. The guidelines recommend that men receiving PrEP should be counseled about HCV risk reduction. Although the route of HCV sexual transmission is not fully understood, the panel advises condom use.
People in Correctional Settings
People in jails, prisons, and other correctional institutions have a disproportionately high rate of HCV infection, often associated with injection drug use. One recent analysis found that up to 23% of U.S. inmates had evidence of HCV infection, far exceeding the 1% prevalence in the general population.
The revised guidelines recommend that jails and prisons should offer opt-out HCV antibody testing to all incarcerated individuals, with confirmatory HCV RNA testing if positive. People with short-term jail sentences who are found to have chronic HCV infection should be counseled and referred to community-based care for evaluation and treatment. Those serving longer sentences in jails or prisons should receive antiviral therapy while incarcerated.
"HCV DAA therapy for chronic HCV is now logistically feasible within the prison setting and would aid the HCV elimination effort," according to the panel. "Returning inmates to their communities cured of chronic HCV would be an invaluable step toward HCV elimination."
Jails and prisons should also offer harm-reduction interventions and evidence-based treatment for substance use, the panel advises. Upon release, former inmates should be linked to community-based care.
Towards HCV Elimination
These new sections of the guidelines "provide a concise summary and recommendations to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of these key populations, which is critical for making progress towards ending the HCV epidemic," Marks said.
Hepatitis C patient advocates applauded the updated recommendations: "The emergent opioid crisis, persistent stigma around hepatitis C, and discriminatory treatment restrictions have allowed HCV to go unchecked among vulnerable populations, even as a cure exists," Tina Broder, interim executive director of the National Viral Hepatitis Roundtable, said in a statement. "These recommendations send a clear signal that increased screening and access to treatment are critical for eliminating hepatitis C as a public health threat."
Recent studies have shown that hepatitis C treatment by primary care physicians and nurse practitioners can result in cure rates similar to those achieved by hepatologists and infectious disease specialists. Increasing the number of providers is key to expanding access to effective new therapies.
"We designed the online guidance to be useful to all types of providers, particularly primary care providers," Marks said. "To make progress in the elimination of HCV, we need the efforts of more providers of all types who see patients in the community and at correctional institutions to ensure diagnosis and treatment of HCV. Treatment has never been easier!"


text:
Q: XSL transformation - XML data to HTML table Is there way how to create a XSL stylesheet for this type a XML document for output like HTML table on the picture below? The problem is, that generated datas are stored randomly in XML document, so I do not know how to write a stylesheet for it. Can you help me please?
Thank you a lot.
This is a XML document with random sort datas (Memory, CPU0, CPU1, CPU2). This data has two time (time=1 and time=14).
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <root>
        <sample time="14" label="cpu_0">
            <value>22</value>
        </sample>
        <sample time="14" label="cpu_2">
            <value>6</value>
        </sample>
        <sample time="1" label="cpu_2">
            <value>4</value>
        </sample>
        <sample time="14" label="memory">
            <value>97</value>
        </sample>
        <sample time="1" label="cpu_0">
            <value>28</value>
        </sample>
        <sample time="14" label="cpu_1">
            <value>52</value>
        </sample>
        <sample time="1" label="memory">
            <value>55</value>
        </sample>
        <sample time="1" label="cpu_1">
            <value>21</value>
        </sample>
    </root>

This is the wanted HTML table output.

A: You should be able to do this pretty easily by:

*

*Grouping by track (using xsl:for-each-group).

*Keeping track of what columns need to be output.

Example...
XSLT 2.0
<xsl:stylesheet version="2.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
  <xsl:output indent="yes"/>
  <xsl:strip-space elements="*"/>

  <xsl:variable name="cols" as="item()*">
    <xsl:variable name="init"
      select="distinct-values(//sample[starts-with(@label,'cpu')]/@label)"/>
    <xsl:perform-sort select="$init">
      <xsl:sort order="ascending" data-type="text"/>
    </xsl:perform-sort>
  </xsl:variable>

  <xsl:template match="/*">

              Time
              <xsl:for-each select="$cols">
                <xsl:value-of select="upper-case(replace(.,'_',' '))"/> (%)
              </xsl:for-each>

            <xsl:for-each-group select="sample" group-by="@time">
              <xsl:sort select="@time" order="ascending" data-type="number"/>

                  <xsl:value-of select="current-grouping-key()"/>

                <xsl:for-each select="$cols">

                    <xsl:value-of select="current-group()[@label=current()]"/>

                </xsl:for-each>

            </xsl:for-each-group>

  </xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

Output

               Time
               CPU 0 (%)
               CPU 1 (%)
               CPU 2 (%)

               1
               28
               21
               4

               14
               22
               52
               6

See fiddle here: http://xsltfiddle.liberty-development.net/eiQZDbp

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


There isn't a lot of research done on how to make public spaces most effective and easily navigable for people with visual impairments, but 3 professionals recently got together to look at the different aspects that should be addressed in design. Read their conclusions on lighting placement, type and direction in this article.
For information on types of assistive technology, visit our information page.


Dozens of Saudi craftsmen, mostly in their 40s and 50s, are hard at work in a factory in Mecca preparing an embroidered black and gold cloth to cover the Kaaba, the holiest site in Islam.
Known as the kiswa, the cloth is woven from silk and cotton and adorned with verses from the Quran.
A new one is made each year to be placed on the Kaaba in Mecca's Grand Mosque during the annual Muslim Hajj pilgrimage.
The kiswa is one of the most important ornaments in the House of God, and its production is made by some of the greatest calligraphers and artists in the Muslim world.
This art piece is a near replica of kiswa.


text:
Giant two-and-a-half foot lobster, 60, saved from the kitchen pot
28 June 2013, 9:19 am
This giant lobster has avoided being the catch of the day in a seafood restaurant - because he's so huge he'll be thrown back in the sea.
The monster two-and-a-half foot lobster, nicknamed 'Lobby' or 'Claws', was pulled from the sea near Lyme Regis, Dorset.
[Pictures: Grumpy cat unimpressed by house fire rescue]
But due to his huge size, and at the impressive age of 'at least 60', he will instead be looked after at a local aquarium before being returned to the ocean.
Lyme Regis Aquarium owner Max Gollop said 'Lobby' was rare because of his age, size, and abnormally large crushing claw.
He said: 'I haven't seen many that big. The crushing claw is especially big.
'Fishermen get paid for the weight when selling lobsters but over a certain limit that doesn't apply because the meat is too tough.
He will be returned to natural waters later this year.
Mr Gollop added: 'The kids are in awe of him.'
Australia's Omicron wave has likely peaked in NSW and Victoria, some experts say
Scientists say hardest-hit states are 'probably through the worst' as cases are 'levelling off'
The countdown acts as a metaphor for global apocalypse, taking into account the likelihood of emerging threats, such as climate change.
NHS staff Covid absences dropping across every region in England, data shows
Some 29,517 NHS staff at hospital trusts in England were ill with coronavirus or having to self-isolate.
'Game-changing' X-ray technology can diagnose Covid within minutes
Despite new research, experts insist PCR tests unlikely to be replaced entirely
Best vegan wines to try in 2022: Red, white, rose and bubbly
Looking for a truly guilt-free glass? Step right this way
A sobering reflection of Britain's obsession with drinking
A sobering reflection of Britain's obsession with drinking. We mustn't accept a rise in alcoholism as inevitable, writes Prof Woody Caan, while Isabella Stone bemoans taxpayers having to fund No 10's boozy culture. Plus letters from Catherine King, Mike Pender and Owen Wells
TOWIE's Kirk Norcross praised for "brave" interview on his father Mick's death
Former TOWIE star Kirk Norcross has been praised for a "brave" Loose Women interview on his father Mick's death last year.
Anna Wintour remembers 'magnificent, erudite, wickedly funny' Andre Leon Talley
The pair were close collaborators at Vogue.


text:
Soleimani was the tip of Iran's spear against Americans
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Fla. megachurch requiring members agree to statement affirming biblical definition of marriage
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Engaging views and analysis from outside contributors on the issues affecting society and faith today.
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CP Voices | Sunday, January 12, 2020
By Penny Young Nance, Special to CP | Sunday, January 12, 2020
Penny Nance is the President of Concerned Women for America and a nationally known conservative commentator.
About 19 years ago I was a part-time, work-from-home mom with a 10-month-old and a 4-year-old. I literally heard a "boom" when American Airlines flight 77 slammed into the side of the Pentagon three miles from my home, taking the lives of 184 innocents, as three more planes took the lives of many others in New York and Pennsylvania that day. Even more traumatic, my husband and I spent the evening comforting the pregnant wife of Navy CDR Patrick Dunn as she awaited news of her dead husband's fate.
American citizens unified in our horror and outrage against evil men for their murderous actions but we also were furious with U.S. intelligence for their failure to disrupt the plot. Last week our intelligence community proved that they took to heart our demand to "never forget."
Unfortunately, many Democrats seem to have developed amnesia over the past week. Following the airstrike that killed Iranian commander Gen. Qassem Soleimani, Iran's retaliatory airstrikes at U.S. bases in Iraq and even the downing of a passenger plane full of innocent people, some Democrats seem to think President Trump is wrong to use a strong hand against Iran.
So let's review: The United States has a long and complicated history with Iran. They became our lethal enemy in 1979 when they stormed our embassy and took 52 Americans hostage for 444 days, releasing them only after the inauguration of President Ronald Reagan. Christopher Bedford reminds us in The Federalist, "Iran needed to learn a hard, swift lesson. For four decades, it has ratcheted global temperatures up and down with a close eye on America's reaction. Kidnapping, terror, extortion, sabotage, and blockades have all been used since the Islamic Republic's inception in 1979."
Even more on point — both the left and the right agree that Qassem Soleimani was an evil man responsible for the death of over 600 Americans and countless others in the Middle East. As the leader of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps-Quds Force, a group that the United States labeled a Foreign Terrorist Organization, he spread death and destruction throughout the region. Most recently two violent attacks were carried out under his direction — the December 27 attack that killed an American and wounded U.S. and Iraqi troops and the New Year's Eve attack on the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq.
But even more importantly, the reason Soleimani was on Iraqi soil that eventually became his deathbed, was to lead an active plot to kill more American citizens. Reuters wrote in a deeply reported piece, "Before the attacks, the U.S. intelligence community had reason to believe that Soleimani was involved in 'late stage' planning to strike Americans in multiple countries, including Iraq, Syria and Lebanon, U.S. officials told Reuters Friday on condition of anonymity. One senior U.S. official said Soleimani had supplied advanced weaponry to Kataib Hezbollah."
The Obama Administration's era of appeasement, topped off with an approximate $150 billion windfall from lifted sanctions, didn't convince Iran to behave. Instead, we supplied Iran with cash to spread around to Hezbollah and other extremists. When will we learn that simply ignoring or appeasing evil doesn't make it go away?
Certainly, there needs to be a thoughtful response to threats — we can't police the world — but in this case President Trump made the right call. Trump has consistently worked to draw down our engagement in the Middle East, even provoking criticism from his own party. However, Sept. 11 taught us that allowing evil to thrive and plots against Americans to go unanswered means "death to America."
The notion that minding our own business will keep us safe ignores the reality that evil exists and preys on the naive, innocent and weak. I join with Concerned Women for America supporters all over this nation who reiterate the message from Sept. 11 to our President, intelligence community and military leaders, "Never Forget."
Penny Young Nance is president and CEO of Concerned Women for America, the nation's largest women's public policy organization. She is the author of the book "Feisty and Feminine: A Rallying Cry for Conservative Women."
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The death of Qassem Soleimani: What it means, how Christians can respond
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Attempting to keep pace with the onslaught of Sub-ohm Tanks this year has been like "trying to get blood out of a turnip" (sort of). In fact, you are probably sat there right now happily tooting away on a tank that didn't make our list, shouting…hang on 1 hot minute, my monster clearomizer with its 80 holed, quad-hexagonal, laser cooled-coil, with self-filling system should've made the top spot!
In our defence, these are the TOP 5 TANKS that we and the B' have been fortunate enough to either feature and/or own, have experience with, or hold the highest level of regard for…in some cases all of the former ha.
Mucho respect to the finalists and to the ones which were either been pipped to the post or escaped our grasp…yes Mr VCMT we're looking at you, we will get our mitts on you real soon.


Malini Vachani-Akerkar is well known in hospitality circles as one half of the duo (the other being her husband Rahul Akerkar) behind iconic eateries like Indigo, Indigo Deli and Tote on the Turf. The entrepreneur is taking a hiatus from her culinary conquests for creative pursuits as she unveils her maiden jewellery collection with a preview at Ensemble, Kemps Corner, Mumbai.
Vachani-Akerkar's eponymous brand, Malini Akerkar Design, already has her pursuing her passion for painting, interior styling and art deco-inspired semi-precious jewellery in its latest extension. Her penchant for vintage jewellery is a long-standing one, inherited early on from her mother. Her time as a student in London also contributed to this love, as she often scoured flea markets for unique vintage finds. "This was further cemented when, 25 years ago, Rahul (Akerkar) proposed to me with a stunning antique art deco ring that belonged to his German great grandmother," recalls Vachani-Akerkar.
Over the years, Vachani-Akerkar has been collecting art deco furniture, art and fashion with fervour. "But I found myself wanting whenever I hunted for art deco jewellery. So two years ago, I started researching jewellery from the era, which I have now revived with my line," she explains. The semi-precious range of jewellery is equal parts accessible and affordable, and features earrings, pendants, necklaces, bracelets and rings using semi-precious and hydrothermal gemstones, and high quality Swarovski stones set in silver and white gold alloys.
"We lave laid immense focus on the handicraft value and aesthetic sensibility of the pieces. They are timeless heirloom collectibles that can be passed down for generations," says Vachani-Akerkar. Driving this point home is the campaign featuring three generations of women who have played a part in inspiring the jewellery—Jinx Akerkar (Malini's mother-in-law), Radhika Vachani (her sister), Avantika Akerkar (her sister-in-law), Shaan and Amalia Akerkar (her teenage daughters), and Nida Merchant (her friend).
Age and occasion are no bars for the designer. Each piece from her launch collection is bound to resonate with well-travelled multifaceted women, who will be able to style these classic designs for a versatile roster of events ranging from dinner parties to destination weddings. Take a look at the new collection now.
The post Malini Vachani-Akerkar launches her first jewellery collection appeared first on VOGUE India.


Book People has a cracking selection of Easter Gift ideas which are great whether you're stuck inside or if you're enjoying the spring outdoors. Don't delay and get your family a great gift for Easter 2019 now!
Paint and decorate a lovely ladybird!
A great way of developing hand-eye coordination and encouraging creativity, children aged 5 and over will love painting this ceramic ladybird figurine.
Once they've finished decorating the ladybird, children can fill her up with pennies that will soon become pounds.
Shaped like dragonflies, this selection of solar string lights makes a beautiful addition to any garden. The illuminated insects are simply gorgeous - especially when they're glowing... This set even comes with a garden stake to help you display them with pride.
For the best results, place the weatherproof lights in direct sunlight. This will help the solar panel recharge the battery and then you'll be able to enjoy illuminations as soon as they light up the garden at night-time.
Each charge gives approximately 6-8 hours of continuous use (and requires 6-8 hours of exposure to charge). Replace the battery (1.2V AA Ni-MH200mAH rechargeable) after 12 months.
Featuring Beatrix Potter's beautiful artwork of Peter Rabbit, this set of five nested storage boxes is extremely handy to have around the home.
So gorgeous that they appeal to both adults and children, the circular storage boxes are useful for keeping trinkets, stationery, jewellery and so much more safe and organised.
Make incredible 3D models of a beautiful butterfly and a delightful dragonfly with this easy-to-assemble construction kit.
Creative fun for everyone! All you have to do is slot the corrugated cardboard puzzle pieces together to build the impressive models. The eco-friendly and non-toxic pieces have been laser-cut for a precision fit.
After finishing the models, you can enjoy them in their natural form or decorate and embellish them with paint, paper or felt-tips!
Made from bamboo fibre, this environmentally friendly set includes a little plate, a bowl, a mug and a spoon and fork - all featuring beautiful illustrations of a friendly snail.
Box size 250 x 290mm, ages 3 plus, not suitable for microwave or oven use, dishwasher safe.
Create your own quilted-style keepsake picture with the Friendly Fox Craft Kit!
Children will develop hand-eye coordination and creativity skills as they use the crafting tool and colourful fabric pieces to make a picture of a friendly fox.
Contents: foam board, fabric pieces, crafting tool.
Box size: 220 x 220mm.
Create your own quilted-style keepsake picture with the Beautiful Butterfly Craft Kit!
Children will develop hand-eye coordination and creativity skills as they use the crafting tool and colourful fabric pieces to make a picture of a pretty butterfly.
Any child who receives this gift will have a smile as big as Mr. Happy's!
In this set you'll find a biscuit tin decorated with favourite Mr. Men characters including Mr. Bump and, rather appropriately, Mr. Messy as well as a piping bag and six cookie cutters in the shape of stars, flowers and more.
Roll up, roll up... throw the bean bags and knock down the tin cans. Add the numbers on the cans up to see who reigns victorious with this traditional, fun-filled game for the whole family.
There are three bean bags for contestants to throw and 10 perfectly safe tin cans for you to try and knock over. This is a great activity for the whole family to play on sports days and at garden parties and picnics.
Contents: 3 soft bean bags, 10 'real' tin cans.
The whole family can test their strength with a traditional game of Tug of War!
This box includes a strong rope for six people to battle it out over, a chunky chalk and even a red sash to put down on the floor.
Tug of War is a great activity for the whole family to play and is ideal for sports days, garden parties and picnics in the park.
This big box of fun will keep the whole family entertained and racing for the prize over the summer months.
All presented in eye-catching colours, the set includes sacks, wooden spoons and 'eggs', three-legged race ties and chalks to help you keep score. It will bring even more enjoyment to summer sports days, garden parties and picnics.
Children will enjoy learning a variety of farm words as they assemble this colourful, durable jigsaw of a busy farm!
Together with the wipe-clean sticker book, this activity set develops problem-solving skills while providing hours of farmyard learning fun.
The Safari Stack & Learn offers a wild way for children to develop their coordination skills.
Young explorers will let their imagination run wild as they stack the 32 colourful blocks together to build a stunning safari scene. Presented in a drawstring bag, the blocks can be stacked together to make a bear, panda, giraffe, lion, tiger and hippo.
Create your own quilted-style keepsake picture with the Adorable Owl Craft Kit!
Children will develop hand-eye coordination and creativity as they use the crafting tool and colourful fabric pieces to make a picture of an adorable owl.
If your children believe in fairies and unicorns and can't stop smiling, this is an enchanting display board for all of their treasured memories.
It includes a mirror with the quote 'Never stop smiling', a sparkly mini display board with a peg, a star-themed mini display board with a peg and a pink mini board with some string. It's accompanied by a magnificent illustration of a magic unicorn.
This indoor light-up bunting will help you brighten up any occasion. It can be personalised with any message you want.
Coming with 105 reusable letter, symbol and number stickers, this is perfect for parties and gatherings and the way it lights up will brighten any event.


Friday, January 18th will be "Black and Gold Day" in the city of New Orleans. All residents are encouraged to wear their black and gold Saints attire to show support for the team as they prepare to take on the Rams this Sunday in the NFL Playoffs.
Mayor LaToya Cantrell made the declaration on Facebook at around 5:00pm Wednesday night.
In addition, the Saints have announced that Choppa Style and the Ying Yang Twins will perform the halftime show at this week's game in the Superdome.


How much lotion will you need?
Scabies itches like mad. There are two skin lotions/creams that kill scabies mites AND ease itching. They are sulfur lotion and Eurax lotion. Sulfur is cheaper and more powerful than Eurax, but sulfur can dry your skin a little. Eurax does kill scabies mites, but it is not as powerful as sulfur. But Eurax is very soothing. It both softened my skin and eased the itch. I admit I love Eurax lotion — anytime I had an itch I could apply it and relax again. If you have to choose due to money, get sulfur (or permethrin or benzyl benzoate). But if you can afford it, get Eurax, too. More about Eurax on this page.
If you order them, sulfur can be on your doorstep tomorrow from Amazon, but the only reliable sources I have found for Eurax are England and Australia and take about 10 days to arrive.
Sulfur lotion (or ointment) has been used for thousands of years to treat scabies. It relieves itching while it kills scabies.
I made mine by mixing concentrated Nu-Stock sulfur ointment with baby lotion. NuStock Ointment in 12-ounce tubes goes for around $12. They call it an "ointment" but it feels just like skin lotion (it is not greasy). It mixes really well with baby lotion ($3 for 27 oz at Wal-Mart!) to make whatever percent ointment you want.
If you are hyper-sensitive to sulfur smells, move along. Personally I like a mild smell of sulfur, like from fireworks. So for those who want a more "natural" sulfur treatment, this is what 87% of 1,200 Amazon reviewers say worked to rapidly cure their pets' parasite problems. If you read the reviews, you'll see I'm not the only one to use it to treat scabies on humans.
Nu-Stock is 73% sulfur, 25% mineral oil, 2% pine oil, so don't use it straight out of the tube. 10% is strong enough to cure scabies, and I found it very gentle and soothing.
A similar product is called Allhide contains 74% sulfur, plant-based glycerol and pine oil. Use the recipe below to mix it down to 10% sulfur.
If you prefer a pre-mixed sulfur lotion/ointment, look at the bottom of this page for a few great product suggestions.
One tube of Nu-Stock mixed with baby lotion makes over 2 quarts of 10% lotion! Of course you can mix up smaller amounts.
The latest research (here and here) on using sulfur lotion to treat scabies has used either 8% or 10% sulfur ointment successfully. Do not use the Nu-Stock straight out of the tube because 73% sulfur is too strong for humans (it's fine for cows and horses)! Dilute it using the recipes (above). 8% and 10% is the strength used in studies.
The sulfur ointment needs to be applied for three days in a row, either once a day for twelve hours each time (like overnight while you sleep) OR by applying it once a day and leaving it on for 24 hours. In both studies the subjects showered once a day.
Leaving it on 12 hours (each day for three days) resulted on a 90% cure rate. Leaving it on 24 hours (each day for 3 days) resulted in a 96% cure rate. In case you're wondering, that small difference means doing it for just 12 hours a day is fine. Those who applied it for the full 24 hours reported a bit more skin irritation and you do need to be good to yourself.
You may have to wait 4 days and then repeat this just to be to be sure to kill any eggs that hatch after the first treatment. You can always use sulfur lotion one week, and then 5% permethrin lotion the next week.
I have used sulfur lotion and aside from smelling a bit (I actually liked the mild sulfur aroma), it was actually soothing. It warmed my skin in bed at night and somehow that stopped the itching so I could sleep.
I also took ivermectin at the same time, so it's hard to say which did what, but the 10% sulfur lotion (plus 5% permethrin once a week) is what finally finished off my stubborn scabies.
A tube of NuStock contains 12 ounces — enough to make two and a half quarts (84 ounces) of 10% sulfur lotion (after you add the skin lotion). That's a LOT of lotion!
How much lotion will you need?
If you are just using it now and then, here and there, for itch relief, you can try a small amount. It takes about 3 ounces to cover your whole body (depending on how big you are).
If are using it as your primary scabies treatment, you apply it 3 nights in a row, that's about 8 or 9 ounces per week. For most folks you do this 2 weeks in a row, so that's 18 ounces. For a stubborn case you may apply it weekly for 5 weeks, that comes to 45 ounces or 1.4 quarts. Obviously for treating a family making your own becomes an attractive option.
If you want to buy pre-mixed sulfur lotion/ointment, here are a few products to choose from (below). Mixing Nu-Stock sulfur lotion or sulfur powder with baby lotion is a lot cheaper, but obviously pre-mixed lotion is a lot tidier!
Io, one of Jupiter's moons.
Most of Io's surface is coated with sulfur and sulfur-dioxide frost. There are no known scabies mites on Io.
Nu-Stock is mixes easily with lotion.
Allhide can be mixed with lotion using the same recipe as with Nustock. The main difference is Allhide contains glycerol while NuStock contains mineral oil (baby oil).
I was thinking about making my own line of 10% sulfur products until I saw Braunfels stuff. Braunfels makes their products the way I would, using the kind of high-quality ingredients I would choose…so now I don't have to!
Braunfels Labs makes specialty sulfur products…and they go all the way ensuring their products are natural and organic. The ingredients are more expensive than the synthetic stuff in most skin lotions and so it is pricier, but not ridiculous. You'll need about 8 or 9 ounces to do 3 applications over 3 days.
They use a blend of "premium" "American" sulfur with an organic cocktail of pure oils - Avocado Oil, Hemp Oil, Jojoba Oil with Shea Butter. They do not use any polyethylene glycol - PEG - zero! No petrolatum products,period. Also, no fragrance, no dyes, no artificial colorings, no perfume.
This "butter cream 'n' ointment" is made with shea butter mixed in other natural oils to make it creamier. Shea butter is a natural, organic oil that is relatively solid at room temperature, but it softens on your warm skin. You can always pre-soften it with a few seconds in the microwave (lid off) or by putting it in warm water for a few minutes (lid on).
Of course, lots of people are mighty picky about skin lotion. What one person loves another one hates, so if you mix up NuStock ointment or Braunfels powder or Greenway Biotech powder with your own favorite skin lotion you can virtually guarantee you'll like the feel of it.
Mix 1 ounce by weight (or 3 tablespoons) of powder with 9 oz of skin lotion to make a total of 10 oz of 10% sulfur lotion.
NOTE: you can measure the lotion by weight or volume. Plus you can use whatever lotion or cream you like.
You can mix 1 oz by weight (or 3 tablespoons) of the sulfur powder with 1 cup (8 oz) of lotion and make an 11% sulfur lotion.
It's easier to measure that way and you probably can't tell the difference between 10% and 11% lotion. They'll both work.
Put the lotion in a ziplock bag. Add the sulfur powder. Press out the excess air and seal the bag. Now just mush the lotion and powder around with your hands and you're done!


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text:
Kingale is an administrative ward in the Kondoa district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 11,958 people in the ward, from 11,003 in 2012.

References

Kondoa District
Wards of Dodoma Region

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: What would be a good open source lightweight c library with basic utility functionality to use in an embedded system I'm thinking of something like glib, but possibly a slim version with a minimal foot print.  It would need basic utilities such as linked lists, vectors and hash tables.  It should also have a minimal runtime footprint.

A: Not exactly a library, but a tested, optimized and documented piece of code: sys/queue.h on *BSD and Linux systems has macros for various kinds of intrusive linked lists and queues.

A: uthash is a nice hash table library (made entirely of macros), it also comes with a linked list, dynamic string and dynamic array macros.
I also highly recommend sys/queue.h (suggested by larsmans) for simple and well tested linked lists.


text:
Concert Reviews, Concerts, Reviews
Aquabats! Delight at Delmar Hall
Posted: July 16, 2017 at 5:45 pm / by Kristen Farrah / comments (0)
tags: Aquabats, Delmar Hall
I was not prepared for what I had entered into when I walked into Delmar Hall. In jean shorts and a tank top, I was completely underdressed for The Aquabats! show in St. Louis, Wednesday, July 15.
Adults and children alike who packed into the Hall were decked out in full Aquabats! costumes, gear, or cosplay-esque outfits. There was a designated area for children to watch from, but the rest of the dance floor was smashed full with eager fans of the headliners.
Kepi opened the show with his one-man-band set. Placed between two microphones with an acoustic guitar strapped around him, Kepi's set was as silly as it was kid friendly. He got the crowd in the spirit by designating us the 'drummers' and giving us 'solos' as we clapped our hands to the beat. He frequently switched between the mics, joking about his lack of band members and having conversations with his guitar. Throughout the set, it was made abundantly clear that Kepi is for the kids, with his songs and stories childlike and silly in nature.
After a thirty-minute transition into the next act, Reggie and the Full Effect graced the stage and brought the energy. RFE catered to the older part of the crowd, cracking jokes and jamming on their electric guitars. Their sound reminded me of early 2000s rock, but with eclectic songs about aliens and birds instead of love and life. I was pleasantly surprised by their ability to bring frivolous topics and talent to the same stage. Dressed in martial arts robes, RFE had fun with their set, bringing lots of laughs and stories between each song.
Although it didn't seem possible, even more people crammed into the venue right before The Aquabats! took the stage. I was looking over a sea of fans in blue suits and aviator goggles as videos from The Aquabats! Super Show! played across a screen above the stage. With the first hint of blue appearing from behind the stage, the crowd went wild, holding up the signature hand signal, and The Aquabats! jumped right into their set full force.
Throughout the show, the screen above the stage served as a supplement to each of their songs, showing two-headed cats, pizza, lyrics, and more. The music was silly and outlandish, but The Aquabats! owned it. The entire show was built on a foundation of embracing the weird, and the crowd fed off it. The Aquabats! engaged the crowd whether it was talking back and forth between songs, or having designated parts in each song for the crowd to sing. They knew their audience and they catered their set perfectly to what their demographic wanted.
During different songs, 'villains' would appear on stage and battle it out with the crime-fighters. Sharks, Gary Gluten, and a gingerbread man were all defeated by The Aquabats! in different parts of the show in amusing battles. The band jumped all over the stage and was in constant need of hydration, to which they also hydrated the crowd. Although there wasn't a sign, the front rows of people were definitely in the splash zone and at the mercy of full, uncapped water bottles. Needless to say, I opted for a more dry area to enjoy the show.
At the beginning of their set, I was unsure as to what I had gotten myself into. My apprehension, though, was soon dissipated as The Aquabats! sang, joked, and fought their way into my heart. The music was wholesome and funny and great for dancing! Listening to The Aquabats! on Spotify is okay, but you won't understand the phenomena until you are standing amidst avid listeners in full costume, getting to know the personalities of each member on the stage while you watch them fight their adversaries in real time. The last time The Aquabats! were in St. Louis was in 2010, let's hope it doesn't take them another seven years to make it back.


January 24th. 1-3pm. Come experience our community through the lens of our talented artists at our public art show located in the Bittersweet Cafe, Hopkinton.
An Art show featuring artists from the Michael Lisnow Respite Center's Art Program.
Location: Bittersweet Cafe, 28 Main Street Hopkinton, MA.
© Copyright 2016 The Michael Carter Lisnow Respite Center. All Rights Reserved.


text:
La gata borracha es una película venezolana del director Román Chalbaud. Contó con la orquesta Billo's Caracas Boys con voces de Mirtha Pérez, Nelson Ned y Agustín Irusta para la musicalización.

Sinopsis

Un empleado bancario aburrido de su matrimonio conoce a una prostituta, su esposa descubre la relación y la situación se complica cada vez más, estando en esta situación comete un delito.

Reparto

América Alonso
Miguel Ángel Landa
Alba Roversi
Bárbara Teyde

Enlaces externos

La Venciclopedia - La Gata Borracha

Películas de Venezuela


text:
Lindsay Lohan May Not Make It to Deadline; Could Get Jail
Mike Tuttle
Lindsay Lohan just might be up shit creek.
When Lindsay Lohan was sentenced to 125 hours of community service following a 2012 Santa Monica traffic crash, it seemed like a fairly easy task to complete. But then Lindsay Lohan moved to London to work on David Mamet's "Speed-the-Plow." Now she is under warning that she has just a few days to complete her community service time back in the United States or she could face jail time.
Lindsay Lohan reportedly has 115 hours of the 125 left to do. Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge Mark Young informed Lindsay Lohan's attorney on Thursday that she must haul her butt back to Brooklyn to complete her required community service by May 28 or face "consequences." Prosecutors have said that they intend to seek jail time if she misses the deadline, which has already been extended once.
"She's had an opportunity to do this. If the court's not going to accept this, then we have to figure out if jail is the next option," Santa Monica City Attorney Terry White said.
Lindsay Lohan's attorneys say that she had arranged to complete her community service while in London, but the facility she was to work at then relocated to an hour and a half away. Originally, they had claimed she had completed her time in London, but further investigation revealed that she claimed hours served while she was, in fact, in the hospital.
So the New York Daily News reports that Lindsay Lohan will start serving at Duffield Children's Center in Fort Greene, Brooklyn. She will be working with pre-schoolers. But she only has 14 weekdays to complete 115 hours of service. At that rate, she would have to work eight hours a day, five days a week. If she is able to do weekend work there, that is still over six hours a day, every day through the deadline date.
Lindsay Lohan was charged with three misdemeanors in 2013 after a 2012 reckless driving incident in California.
Brooklyn moms, do you know where your preschooler is? (Probs with Lindsay Lohan): http://t.co/bwqKQVRKuF pic.twitter.com/3vyBW77RKM
— Racked NY (@rackedny) May 11, 2015
Tags Brooklyn community service Lindsay Lohan London
OJ Simpson Series: Selma Blair Cast as Kris Jenner in Upcoming 'American Crime Story' Run
Perez Hilton Welcomes Baby Girl Via Surrogate


Gabe Sapolsky announced on Twitter that the EVOLVE show on May 20th in Summit, IL will have a new start time due to the NXT TakeOver: Chicago event.
We will move the EVOLVE event on May 20th to the afternoon so fans can make it a double header with NXT that night. Info coming soon.


text:
SPORT PHYSIOLOGY
PREDICTION OF ADVERSE CHANGES IN THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE HEART IN JUNIOR ATHLETES
A.S. Kryuchkov Federal Scientific Center for Physical Culture and Sports (VNIIFK), Moscow
M.A. Dikunets Federal Scientific Center for Physical Culture and Sports (VNIIFK), Moscow
G.A. Dudko Federal Scientific Center for Physical Culture and Sports (VNIIFK), Moscow
E.V. Buchina Federal Science Center of Physical Culture and Sports, Moscow
cardiovascular system, heart strain, biomarker, predictive value, sensitivity.
Objective of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of markers for the early diagnosis of cardiac overstrain.
Methods and structure of the study. A survey was made of an athlete of the Russian junior national cross-country skiing team (18 years old, 175.5 cm, 68.2 kg, 6 years of experience), who complained of low performance, which had been going on for the past few months. Functional testing of the athlete was carried out on a h/p/cosmos venus 200/100r running treadmill (h/p/cosmos sports & medical gmbh, Germany) with registration of oxygen consumption using the MetaMax 3B ergospirometry system (Cortex, Germany). Before and after the treadmill test, a standard 12-lead ECG was recorded on a Cardisuny C300 electrocardiograph, Fukuda Denshi, Japan. Analysis of blood samples taken by venipuncture was performed on analyzers cobas c 311 and cobas e 411 (Roche, Germany) and an ultrafast liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer with a triple quadrupole LCMS-8060 (Shimadzu, Japan).
Results and conclusions. The ECG after the treadmill test showed signs of a violation of the processes of repolarization of the posterior wall of the myocardium. Analysis of the activity of nonspecific markers and concentrations of cardiospecific proteins showed that the most sensitive, specific and prognostic marker for the detection of minor violations of the contractility of the left ventricle is the N-terminal polypeptide of natriuretic hormone.
A.S. Kryuchkov, Federal Scientific Center for Physical Culture and Sports (VNIIFK), Moscow
M.A. Dikunets, Federal Scientific Center for Physical Culture and Sports (VNIIFK), Moscow
Volkov N.I., Oleinikov Bioenergetika sporta [Bioenergetics of sports]. Moscow: Sovetskiy sport publ., 2011. 210 p.
Lyakso E.E., Nozdrachev A.D., Sokolova L.V. Vozrastnaya fiziologiya i psikhofiziologiya [Age physiology and psychophysiology]. Moscow: Yurayt publ., 2020. 396 p.
Meyerson F.Z. Adaptatsiya, deadaptatsiya i nedostatochnost serdtsa [Adaptation, deadaptation and heart failure]. Moscow: Medicina publ., 1978. 343 p.
Dorofeikov V.V., Sitnikova M.Yu., Lelyavina T.A. et al. Mozgovoy natriyureticheskiy peptid v kardiologii i kardiokhirurgii [Brain natriuretic peptide in cardiology and cardiac surgery]. Meditsinskiy alfavit. 2014. Vol. 1. No. 3. pp. 49-56.
Seluyanov V.N., Myakinchenko E.B., Gavrilov V.B. Sportivnaya adaptologiya. Fizicheskaya podgotovka v tsiklicheskikh vidakh sporta [Sports adaptology. Physical training in cyclic sports]. Moscow: TVT Divizion publ., 2021. 524 p.
Brancaccio P., Maffulli N., Buonauro R., et al. Serum enzyme monitoring in sports medicine. Clin. Sports Med. 2008. 27(1). pp.1-18.
McCann G.P., Muir D.F., Hillis W.S. Athletic left ventricular hypertrophy: long-term studies are required. Eur. Heart J. 2000. 21(5). pp. 351-353.
Myakinchenko E.B., Kriuchkov A.S., Adodin N.V., et al. One-year periodization of training loads of Russian and Norwegian elite cross-country skiers. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. 2021. 16(2). pp.701-710.
Su Q.S., Zhang J.G., Dong R. et al. Comparison of changes in markers of muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise and ischemia/reperfusion. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports. 2010. 20(5). pp. 748-756.
Kryuchkov, A. ., Dikunets, M. ., Dudko, G. ., & Buchina, E. . (2022). PREDICTION OF ADVERSE CHANGES IN THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE HEART IN JUNIOR ATHLETES. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, (7), 24–26. Retrieved from http://tpfk.ru/index.php/TPPC/article/view/279
M.P. Shestakov, A.S. Kryuchkov, I.G. Shevtsova, A.A. Navolotsky, T.G. Fomichenko, BENEFITS OF ACTIVE INFERENCE METHOD FOR TRAINING PROCESS ANALYSIS IN ELITE ALPINE SKIING SPORT , Theory and Practice of Physical Culture: No. 5 (2022)
A.S. Kryuchkov, T.V. Fendel, D.A. Zubkov, DEVELOPMENT OF HYPERTROPHY IN SKI JUMPERS , Theory and Practice of Physical Culture: No. 8 (2022)
A.S. Kryuchkov, E.V. Fedotova, P.A. Sidelev, E.B. Myakinchenko, PROSPECTS FOR USE OF STRENGTH EXERCISES UNDER UNSTABLE WORK POSTURE AS A METHOD OF INCREASING STRENGTH ABILITIES IN HIGHLY QUALIFIED BIATHLONISTS , Theory and Practice of Physical Culture: No. 10 (2022)


We are pleased to announce that John Bennett has joined the Corporate HR team as the new Benefit Specialist! In this role, John will be supporting all divisions with their benefit information and analysis as needed. John will report directly to Leslie Mawhorter.
Prior to joining McWane, John worked 17+ years at UAB as the primary contact for benefit related issues at all levels including the university and hospital. John earned a Master of Public Health (MPH) degree in Health Care Organization from The University of Alabama at Birmingham and a Bachelor of Science (BS) degree in Biology from Birmingham-Southern College Madison.
Do You Recognize This Runner?
It's our very own Faye Pettigrew, HR Manager at Tyler Pipe! Every year Tyler Pipe participates in the FRESH 15 race sponsored by Brookshire Grocery Company. It's a favorite of the Tyler Pipe team and they always have a good turnout on race day.
Brookshire started the event to motivate the community and their employees to become healthier and it grew from there. Unlike any other races, they give 100% of race revenue back to non-profit organizations. Much like us, they firmly believe that motivating someone to get off the couch and move can change their life.
This race is a great way to support the local community and get healthy at the same time. Good luck to this year's Tyler participants!
Comments Off on Do You Recognize This Runner?
We are pleased to announce that Leslie Mawhorter has been promoted to the position of Assistant Vice President, Human Resources/Compensation and Benefits. In this role, Leslie will continue to manage the wide array of programs and plans that cover the McWane organization, driving improvements and influencing our organization's costs in this critical area.
Leslie has worked in the corporate Human Resources function for more than four years. Previously she spent thirteen years with Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Alabama and twelve years in the United States Air Force.
Also, effective immediately, Lauren Jackson will join the Human Resources function in the role of Director, Retirement Plans. Lauren has worked with McWane for the past ten years and will transfer her deep knowledge of defined contribution and defined benefit plans to the HR team. She will report directly to Leslie.
Congratulations, Leslie, on this well-earned promotion! We wish you success in this expanded role. We also welcome Lauren to the HR function and look forward to working more closely with all involved in these key areas!
We are pleased to announce that Kim Peters has joined the Tyler Coupling team in Marshfield, Missouri as the new HR Manager. Kim graduated from Missouri State University with a degree in Psychology and a minor in English. She also obtained a degree in Business while living in El Paso, Texas. Kim enjoys working in HR and is looking forward to working with the team at Tyler Coupling.
Kim lives in Strafford, Missouri with her husband and three wonderful children. She loves to travel and take weekend mini vacations, but her true love is sports of any kind. When she's not attending her kid's sporting event, she loves to watch the NFL and cheers for the Kansas City Chiefs or the Chicago Bears.
Welcome to the team, Kim!
McWane team members are actively involved in the community in a variety of ways, like Manchester Tank Elkhart HR manager Kim McDowell. Kim recently sat on an Employability Skills Panel for area students to answer questions on what employers are looking for in their field of interest. Kim has also been working with the Elkhart Career Center to build education and training programs for specific positions that are a challenge to find qualified candidates such as maintenance and welders.
Approximately 1,000 students from 16 area high schools took part in the event that was attended by 90 area businesses. The event was featured in The Elkhart Truth in an article written by Blair Yankey.
Click here to read The Elkhart Truth article.


text:
The laziest baseball player on record lazy
The laziest ballplayer ever to pull on a pair of cleated shoes was a semi-pro pitcher who performed for a sandlot outfit somewhere in West Texas. He did everything in a slow and vague manner. Everything, that is, except pitch. Aside from that, the kid was bone-lazy.
One hot Sabbath afternoon, the lazy youngster's team was in a tight contest with another outfit from a neighboring town. Midway in the game, the lazy kid was suddenly ordered into the contest as a relief pitcher. He pulled himself together and shuffled slowly to the dusty mound.
The umpire, who had been handling the game from behind the mound because he had neither mask nor chest protector, waited patiently for young lazy-bones. The hurler made a few slow-motion warm-up tosses to the plate. At no time did he stop to look around him. Finally he took a deep breath and spoke for the first time.
"How many on base?" he drawled.
The umpire's mouth popped open with astonishment. "Just one," he finally said. "There's a runner on second."
Young lazy-bones started a long slow stretch. When his arms were out in front of him as far as they would go, he spoke again.
"How big's his lead?" he asked.
Lazy Beef Pie Recipe Photo
Who was the first baseball player to hit four home runs in a single game?
Lazy Beef Pie Recipe
Eli Manning Sucks
NFL 2005 Draft: Pick Number eighty three 83 – Chris Henry, Cincinnati Bengals


Machine learning is earnestly being applied to automate tasks in medicine — in effect as a medical technology. The same tools, though, can also be used to improve our understanding of the health system itself. Rather than simply being a medical technology, they can also contribute to empirical science and better grounded policy. I describe results from two projects where the predictive approach proves particularly illuminating, both on 'wasted' spending: one on over-testing and the other on the high concentration of spending at the end of life. I will also describe methodological issues that arise that are relatively neglected in the machine learning literature, such as measurement error and the impact of unobserved variables.
Sendhil Mullainathan is university professor and professor of computation and behavioral science at Chicago Booth School of Business. He has worked on machine learning, poverty, finance behavioral economics, and a wide variety of topics such as: the impact of poverty on mental bandwidth; whether CEO pay is excessive; using fictitious resumes to measure discrimination; showing that higher cigarette taxes makes smokers happier; modeling how competition affects media bias; and a model of coarse thinking. His latest research focuses on using machine learning to better understand human behavior.
Mullainathan enjoys writing. He recently co-authored Scarcity: Why Having too Little Means so Much and writes regularly for the New York Times. Additionally, his research has appeared in a variety of publications including the Quarterly Journal of Economics, American Economic Review, Psychological Science, Science, British Medical Journal, Management Science, and the KDD Proceedings.
Mullainathan helped co-found a non-profit to apply behavioral science (ideas42), co-founded a center to promote the use of randomized control trials in development (the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab), serves on the board of the MacArthur Foundation, has worked in government in various roles, is affiliated with the NBER, BREAD, and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Prior to joining Booth, Mullainathan was the Robert C. Waggoner Professor of Economics in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard University where he taught courses about machine learning and big data. He began his academic career at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Mullainathan is a recipient of the MacArthur "Genius Grant," has been designated a "Young Global Leader" by the World Economic Forum, was labeled a "Top 100 Thinker" by Foreign Policy Magazine, and was named to the "Smart List: 50 people who will change the world" by Wired Magazine (UK).