text:
Confident Chennai take on a tottering Mumbai
Marco Materazzi's Chennaiyin FC will host Anelka's Mumbai City FC in the ISL tomorrow. The match is a must-win encounter for both the teams, to keep their hopes of reaching the seminals alive.
Praveen Sudevan
Chennai 30 November, 2015 20:46 IST
John Steven Mendoza Valencia of Chennaiyin FC celebrates after scoring a goal against Mumbai City FC. Chennai won the reverse fixture 2-0. - Sportzpics
After being on par in the midway stage of the tournament, Chennaiyin FC and Mumbai City FC's results have varied greatly. The former lost their next three games (eighth, ninth, and tenth), before staging a remarkable comeback to put themselves on the brink of the semifinals. As for the Mumbai team, they haven't won a match since then.
For a team that probably looked the strongest on paper before the tournament, Mumbai had a few bad games after the midway stage — the worst against Goa, where they lost 7-0. Now, the team is not guaranteed a semifinal berth even if they win their last two league games. They will also have to hope that FC Pune City draws their next two games (against NorthEast United FC and Chennaiyin FC).
Nicolas Anelka, who has been disappointed as the Mumbai coach, wanted his team to win their first away game of the season and keep their chances alive. "Yes, we are mathematically in. We know we have to win the game. We still believe in it. In football anything is possible," he said.
Anelka not expected to play
The former Real Madrid star, however, is not likely to figure in tomorrow's must-win encounter due to an injury. But he said that the team can win without him. "We put the best team to play Chennai. We know Chennaiyin very well. They have a fast player like Mendoza, so we have to be careful. It's going to be a hard game. But I don't think the team needs me to win," Anelka said.
After coming down hard on Sunil Chhetri in a previous press conference, Anelka hoped that the Indian skipper has a good game tomorrow.
"He [Chhetri] is clever and technically good. He is more of a midfielder than a striker. But he can score because he's clever. He's scored well in the beginning. He is struggling a bit now. But he gives it all when he is on the pitch. He has done well before and I hope he continues," said the coach-cum-marquee player.
Most important game of the tournament: Materazzi
Meanwhile, the home team, Chennaiyin FC, will look to gain momentum from their last two wins. Playing with an attacking 4-3-3 combination, they thrashed Kerala Blasters and Delhi Dynamos, 4-1 and 4-0, respectively. A win in the next two games will confirm Chennaiyin's semifinal berth.
Calling tomorrow's game the "most important of the tournament", the Chennai club's coach Marco Materazzi acknowledged his players for winning two consecutive games after their 2-1 loss to Atletico de Kolkata.
"Our guys did good in winning two games [after the Kolkata game]; now two more games are left. They will create the third chance. But, in the end, it is the players who make the difference. I just help them from outside," said the coach.
Khabra will be missed
Materazzi snapped his ID card in fury when midfielder Harmanjot Khabra got a yellow card in Chennai's last game. The Punjab-based player has been an integral part of the home team's midfield and his absence would affect them.
Bruno Pelissari has started in place of the marquee player Elano Blumer in the previous two games as the latter had fitness issues. But with Elano declaring himself fit to start, Materazzi might find it tough to choose between the two, as Bruno was terrific in the last two games.
Materazzi, however, said that the team counts above the individual. "Elano's a smart guy; he knows what's best for the team. Everyone has to understand that it's important to be a team and play as one. So, far, it has been good. We have won two consecutive games. We hope to win more," he said.
ISL 2020-21 LIVE, KBFC vs BFC: Bengaluru holds slight advantage over Kerala Blasters early on


text:
Hall of Fame: Most 2×4 Bricks
02/09/2016 02/09/2016 Daniel 2332 Views 0 Comments 10241, 3450, Hall of Fame, Maersk, Most Pieces, Statue of Liberty 2 min read
When you hear the word LEGO, what brick first comes to mind? Chances are, for many of us, it is the basic two by four brick, and chances are you are picturing it in red. There have been over 2000 sets which have included it in one colour or another. Which had the most? Which set can claim the title of most basic two by four bricks contained within its box? Today we are going to find out.
This bastion of the LEGO brand is almost as ubiquitous as the company logo. Recently, it has seen a resurgence in set inclusion thanks to the blocky building style of Minecraft. Offerings such as 2110 The Snow Hideout include a generous helping of these basic bricks. Outside of such sets, brick buckets are often the most likely place to find a pile of two by fours. I remember getting hundreds of them when I splurged on a bunch of the 1200 piece Blue Buckets back in 1998.
Image courtesy of Brickset.com
Yet astonishingly, brick buckets and other specialty offerings such as Dacta, which we often have to exclude from these Hall of Fame entries so they don't always win (a Dacta set may have 50 minifigures, but if it costs $800 and isn't available to the general public…), do not claim this particular title anyway. There is a set which wins in its own right, and by a healthy margin.
Clocking in with an impressive 217 copies of the two by four in several colours, 10241 Maersk Line Triple-E is our runner up. Released in 2014, this set utilised the part in question for portions of its hull with the majority used to construct the cargo. With a piece count of 1518, the two by fours included make up an jaw dropping 14.2% of its components. Yet even with such impressive stats, it is not our champion.
The honour goes to a set which was the byproduct of the LEGO Group floundering in the early 1990s to get something, anything, to sell. Amidst a hash of remakes, LEGO Factory, Galidor, Jack Stone and other monstrosities, there were a few gems. One of them was 3450 Statue of Liberty. Almost all of its 2882 parts were rare Sand Green (good luck trying to source this set) and of that pile of plastic, 413 were two by four bricks, nearly double the runner up. Lady Liberty also, albeit barely, edges 10241 in the percentage category with 14.3% of its contents being two by four bricks. A truly unique set that proves that the two by four can be the basis of a very attractive set for AFOLs.
Brick Fanatics Hall of Fame Honourees:
Largest Piece – 7994 City Harbour's Boat Hull
Tallest Minifigure Scale Set – 10237 Tower of Orthanc
First System Set With Over 1000 Pieces – 6542 Launch and Load Seaport
Set with Most 2×4 Bricks – 3450 Statue of Liberty
Brick Fanatics Hall of Shame:
Printed Headlights
← Brick Pic of the Day: 02 September 16
Brick Pic of the Day: 03 September 16 →
When I was 3 years old my dad bought home 6659 TV Camera Crew as a gift — he had no idea what he had just unleashed. Three decades and no dark age later, I am still going strong. My love of LEGO led me to a career in Civil Engineering and I am now raising three budding LEGO lovers with my lovely wife who is, bless her, a huge supporter of my brick addiction. When not writing for Brick Fanatics or fulfilling my duties as the U.S. Editor of Blocks Magazine I enjoy collecting, MOCing, exhibiting, as well as running, climbing and home improvement.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Removable lid chafers are a bit cheaper than hinged, but will there be any issues?
Removable lid chafers are fine if you have dedicated staff serving food items out of the chafers, but when you have a buffet-style setup, removable lids tend to make it difficult for guests.  With a removable lid, the guest has to look for space to set the lid down before they can take the food.  This may not only seem somewhat amateurish for a professional catering company, but may lead to cold, dry food (if the guests do not put the lids back on after serving).  Thus, unless you have staff serving the food out of the chafers, it's recommended that you look for hinged or roll-top lids.


text:
[Docs] [txt|pdf] [Tracker] [WG] [Email] [Diff1] [Diff2] [Nits]
Versions: (draft-he-mpls-tp-csf) 00 01 02
Network Working Group                                              J.He
Internet Draft                                      Huawei Technologies
Intended status: Standard Track
H.Li
E. Bellagamba
Expires: March 2012                                   September 13, 2011
Indication of Client Failure in MPLS-TP
draft-ietf-mpls-tp-csf-02.txt
This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts.
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
document authors. All rights reserved.
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents in effect on the date of
publication of this document (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
He, et al.             Expires March 13, 2012                 [Page 1]
Internet-Draft  Indication of Client Failure in MPLS-TP  September 2011
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document.
This document describes a Multi-Protocol Label Switching Transport
Profile (MPLS-TP) Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM)
protocol to propagate a client failure indication across an MPLS-TP
network in the case that propagation of failure status in the client
layer is not supported as required in [RFC5860].
1. Introduction ................................................ 2
2. Conventions used in this document............................ 3
2.1. Terminology ............................................ 3
3. Mechanisms of CSF ........................................... 4
3.1. General ................................................ 4
3.2. Transmission of CSF..................................... 5
3.3. Reception of CSF........................................ 6
3.4. Configuration of CSF.................................... 6
4. Frame format of CSF ......................................... 7
5. Consequent actions .......................................... 8
6. Security Considerations...................................... 9
7. IANA Considerations ......................................... 9
8. Acknowledgments ............................................. 9
9. References .................................................. 9
9.1. Normative References.................................... 9
9.2. Informative References................................. 10
10. Authors' Addresses ........................................ 10
In transport networks, OAM functions are important and fundamental to
ease operational complexity, enhance network availability and meet
service performance objectives. This is achieved through automatic
detection, handling, diagnosis, appropriate reporting of defects and
performance monitoring.
As defined in [RFC 5860] MPLS-TP OAM MUST provide a function to
enable the propagation, from edge to edge of an MPLS-TP network, of
information pertaining to a client (i.e., external to the MPLS-TP
network) defect or fault condition detected at an End Point of a PW
or LSP, if the client layer OAM functionality does not provide an
alarm notification/propagation functionality (e.g. not needed in the
original application of the client signal, or the signal was
originally at the bottom of the layer stack and it was not expected
to be transported over a server layer), while such an indication is
needed by the downstream.
This document defines a Client Signal Fail (CSF) indication protocol
in order to propagate client failures and their clearance across a
MPLS-TP domain.
According to [RFC 5921], MPLS-TP supports two native service
adaptation mechanisms via:
1) a Pseudowire, to emulate certain services, for example, Ethernet,
Frame Relay, or PPP / High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC).
2) an LSP, to provide adaptation for any native service traffic type
supported by [RFC3031] and [RFC3032]. Examples of such traffic
types include IP packets and MPLS-labeled packets (i.e.: PW over
LSP, or IP over LSP).
As to the first adaptation mechanism via a PW, the mechanism of CSF
function to support propagation of client failure indication follows
[static-pw-status]. The PW status relevant to CSF function is AC
fault as defined in [RFC 4447] and [RFC 4446].
As to the second adaptation mechanism via LSP, the mechanism is
detailed in this draft and is used in case the client of MPLS-TP can
not provide itself with such failure notification/propagation.
2. Conventions used in this document
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119].
2.1. Terminology
The reader is assumed to be familiar with the terminology in MPLS-TP.
The relationship between ITU-T and IETF terminologies on MPLS-TP can
be found in [Rosetta stone].
ACH: Associated Channel Header
AIS: Alarm Indication Signal
CSF: Client Signal Fail indication
FDI: Forward Defect Indication
G-ACh: Generic Associated Channel
GAL: G-ACh Label
LSR: Label Switching Router
MEP: Maintenance Entity Group End Point
MIP: Maintenance Entity Group Intermediate Point
OAM: Operations, Administration, and Maintenance
MPLS-TP: MPLS Transport Profile
PW: Pseudowire
RDI: Remote Defect Indication
3. Mechanisms of CSF
3.1. General
Client Signal Fail(CSF) indication  provides a function to enable a
MEP to propagate a client failure indication to its peer MEP across a
MPLS-TP network in case the client service itself does not support
propagation of its failure status. A MIP is not intended to generate
or process CSF information.
Packets with CSF information can be issued by a MEP, upon receiving
failure information from its client service. Detection rules for
client failure events are client-specific and are therefore outside
the scope of this document.
+---+     +---+                 +---+      +---+
|   |     |   |-->CSF           |   |      |   |
| A |--X--| B |-----------------| C |------| D |
|<--MPLS-TP domain-->|
Figure 1 Use case of CSF
Figure 1 depicts a typical connection scenario between two client
network elements (Node A and Node D) interconnected through MPLS-TP
transport network. Client Node A connects to MPLS-TP Node B and
Client Node D connects to MPLS-TP Node C. Node B and C support MPLS-
TP MEP function.
If a failure is detected between Node A and Node B and is taken as a
native client failure condition, the MEP function in Node B will
initiate CSF signal and it will be sent to Node C through MPLS-TP
network. CSF signal will be extracted at Node C as an indication of
client signal failure. Further, this may be mapped back into native
client failure indication and regenerated towards client Node D.
Node B learns the failure between A and B either by direct detection
of signal fail (e.g. loss of signal) or by some fault indications
between A and B (e.g. RDI, AIS/FDI).
If the connection between Node A and B recovers, Node B may stop
sending CSF signals to Node C (implicit failure clearance mechanism)
or explicitly send failure clearance indication (e.g. by flags in CSF
PDU format) to Node C to help expedite clearance of native client
failure conditions.
Accordingly, Node C will clear client failure condition when a valid
client data frame is received and no CSF is received (implicit
failure clearance mechanism) or upon receiving explicit failure
clearance indication.
3.2. Transmission of CSF
When CSF function is enabled, upon learning signal failure condition
of its client-layer, the MEP can immediately start transmitting
periodic packets with CSF information to its peer MEP. A MEP
continues to transmit periodic packets with CSF information until the
client-layer signal failure condition is cleared.
The clearance of CSF condition can be communicated to the peer MEP
- Stopping of the transmission of CSF signal but forwarding client
data frames, or
- Forwarding CSF PDUs with a clearance indication.
Transmission of packets with CSF information can be enabled or
disabled on a MEP (e.g. through management plane).
Detection and clearance rules for CSF events are client and
application specific and outside the scope of this draft.
The period of CSF transmission is client and application specific.
Examples are as follows:
- 3.33ms: for protection switching application.
- 1s: for fault management application.
However, the value 0 is invalid.
3.3. Reception of CSF
Upon receiving a packet with CSF information a MEP either declares or
clears a client-layer signal fail condition according to the received
CSF information and propagates this as a signal fail indication to
its client-layer.
CSF condition is cleared when the receiving MEP
- does not receive CSF signal within an interval of N times the CSF
transmission period (Suggested value of N is 3.5), or
- receives a valid client data frame, or
- receives CSF PDU with CSF-Clear information
3.4. Configuration of CSF
Specific configuration information required by a MEP to support CSF
transmission is the following:
CSF transmission period - this is application dependent. Examples are
3.3 ms and 1s.
PHB - identifies the per-hop behavior of packet with CSF information.
A MIP is transparent to packets with CSF information and therefore
does not require any information to support CSF functionality.
4. Frame format of CSF
Figure 2 depicts the frame format of CSF. CSF PDUs are encapsulated
using the ACH, according to [RFC 5586]. GAL is used as an alert based
exception mechanism to differentiate CSF packets (with ACH as G-ACh
packets) from user-plane packets as defined in [RFC 5586].
0                   1                   2                   3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|0 0 0 1|0 0 0 0|0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0|      MPLS-TP CSF(0xXX)        |
|    Version    |  Reserved 1   |     Flags     |   Reserved 2  |
| Total TLV Len |                                               ~
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+           TLVs                                ~
~                                                               |
Figure 2  Frame format of CSF
The first four bytes represent the Generic ACH ([RFC 5586]):
- first nibble: set to 0001b to indicate a control channel
associated with a PW, a LSP or a Section;
- ACH Version(bits 4 to 7): set to 0, as specified in [RFC 5586]
- ACH Reserved (bits 8 to 15): set to 0 and ignored on reception,
as specified in [RFC 5586];
- ACH Channel Type (Bits 16 to 31): value 0xXX identifies the
payload as CSF PDU. To be assigned by IANA.
- CSF Version (Bits 32 to 39): Set to 0;
- CSF Reserved 1 (Bits 40 to 47): This field MUST be set to zero
on transmission and ignored on receipt;
- Total TLV Length: Total of all included TLVs. No TLVs are
defined currently. The value is 0.
- TLVs: No TLVs are defined currently.
0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|  Res  |    Type   |   Period  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 3 Format of Flags in CSF PDU
Figure 3 depicts the format of Flags in CSF PDU.
- Flag Reserved (Bits 48 to 49): Set to 0;
- Type (Bits 50 to 52): Set to the following values to indicate
CSF types
Value   Type
111     Client Signal Fail - Loss of Signal (CSF-LOS)
001     Client Signal Fail - Forward Defect Indication (CSF-FDI)
010     Client Signal Fail - Reverse Defect Indication (CSF-RDI)
000     Clearance of Client Signal Fail - (CSF-Clear)
- Period (Bits 53 to 55): CSF transmission period and can be
configured.
5. Consequent actions
The primary intention of CSF is to transport a client signal fail
condition at the input of the MPLS-TP network to the output port of
the MPLS-TP network for clients that do not have alarm
notification/propagation mechanism defined.
Further, CSF allows creating a condition at the output port of the
MPLS-TP network such that the customer input port is able to detect
and alarm that there is no data arriving i.e. the connection is
interrupted. In this case, customers may choose another transport
network or another port to continue communication.
6. Security Considerations
Malicious insertion of spurious CSF signals (e.g. DoS) is not quite
likely in a transport network since transport networks are usually
self-managed by operators and providers.
7. IANA Considerations
MPLS-TP CSF function requires a new Associated Channel Type to be
assigned by IANA from the Pseudowire Associated Channel Types
Registry.
Value       Description
-----       -----------------------
0xXX        MPLS-TP Client Signal Fail indication (CSF)
8. Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Haiyan Zhang, Adrian Farrel, Loa
Andersson, Matthew Bocci, Andy Malis and Thomas D. Nadeau for their
guidance and input to this work.
9.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC3031] Rosen, E., Viswanathan, A., and R. Callon, "Multiprotocol
Label Switching Architecture", RFC 3031, January 2001.
[RFC3032] Rosen, E., Tappan, D., Fedorkow, G., Rekhter, Y., Farinacci,
D., Li, T., and A. Conta, "MPLS Label Stack Encoding", RFC
3032, January 2001.
[RFC4446] Martini, L., "IANA Allocations for Pseudowire Edge to Edge
Emulation (PWE3)", RFC4446, April 2006
[RFC4447] Martini, L., et al., "Pseudowire Setup and Maintenance
Using the Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)", RFC4447,
[RFC5586] Vigoureux, M., Bocci, M., Swallow, G., Ward, D., and R.
Aggarwal, "MPLS Generic Associated Channel", RFC5586, June
[ITU-T Recommendation G.7041] "Generic framing procedure (GFP)", ITU-
T G.7041, October 2008
[RFC 5654] Niven-Jenkins, B., Brungard, D., and M. Betts,
"Requirements of an MPLS Transport Profile", RFC 5654,
[RFC 5860] Vigoureux, M., Ward, D., and M. Betts, "Requirements for
OAM in MPLS Transport Networks", RFC5860, May 2010
[RFC 5921] Bocci, M., Bryant, S., and D. Frost, "A Framework for MPLS
in Transport Networks", RFC 5921, July 2010
[static-pw-status] Martini, L., Swallow, G., Heron, G., and M. Bocci,
"Pseudowire Status for Static Pseudowires", draft-ietf-
pwe3-static-pw-status-06 (work in progress), July 2011
9.2. Informative References
[MPLS-TP OAM Frmk] Busi,I., and D. Allan, "MPLS-TP OAM Framework and
Overview", draft-ietf-mpls-tp-oam-framework-11(work in
progress),  February 2011
[Rosetta stone] Van Helvoort, H., Andersson, L., Sprecher, N., "A
Thesaurus for the Terminology used in Multiprotocol Label
Switching Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) drafts/RFCs and ITU-
T's Transport Network Recommendations", draft-ietf-mpls-tp-
rosetta-stone-04 (work in progress), June 2011
10. Authors' Addresses
Jia He
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Email: hejia@huawei.com
He, et al.             Expires March 13, 2012                [Page 10]
Han Li
China Mobile Communications Corporation
Email: lihan@chinamobile.com
Elisa Bellagamba
Email: elisa.bellagamba@ericsson.com
The IETF Trust takes no position regarding the validity or scope of
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FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


text:
"""This package defines abstract methods for
building individual image layers."""

import abc
import hashlib

class BaseLayerBuilder(object):
    """BaseLayerBuilder is an abstract base class representing
    a builder for a container layer.

    It provides methods for generating a dependency layer and an application
    layer.
    """

    __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta  # For enforcing that methods are overriden.

    def __init__(self):
        self._img = None

    def GetImage(self):
        return self._img

    def SetImage(self, img):
        self._img = img

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def BuildLayer(self):
        """Synthesizes the application layer.
        Modifies:
          self._img
        """

class CacheableLayerBuilder(BaseLayerBuilder):

    __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta  # For enforcing that methods are overriden.

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def GetCacheKeyRaw(self):
        """
        Returns:
          the raw value for the cache key (not hashed)
        """

    def GetCacheKey(self):
        return hashlib.sha256(self.GetCacheKeyRaw()).hexdigest()

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def BuildLayer(self):
        """Synthesizes the application layer.
        Modifies:
          self._img
        """

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Ergi Dini (15 October 1994 – 21 November 2016) was a well-known singer and the winner of the third season of X Factor Albania. Dini was born in Shkodra, Albania on October 15, 1994 and began singing as a soloist at children's festivals. He was the brother of the famous singer Barbana Dini. Ergi Dini attended the Jordan Misja Artistic Lyceum in Tirana and was a very good instrumentalist.

The year 2013 marked a turning point in Dini's career. He decided to appear in the auditions of X Factor Albania where Ergi stood out for his voice timber, vocal potency and interpretation of songs. His work was highly praised by the X Factor jury and was always considered the most likely winner of this competition.

On February 23, 2014, Ergi Dini was announced the winner of the third season of X Factor. Sarah, the 3rd competitor from Italy, was ranked 3rd among the best, only to remain in the strong competition between two boys like Ergi Dini & Senad Rrahmani. With a majority of votes from the public, Dini managed to become the winner, thus making his mentor Tuna the winner for the second time.

On April 9, 2015, Ergi Dini released the music video for "Morphine". This was the first single and the first video clip of the artist from Shkodra. The song was sung in Gheg Albanian and was very carefully curated.

In September 2015, Ergi Dini participateD in the Kënga Magjike 2015 with the song "Pa Fryme", with music and lyrics by Dini himself and orchestrated by Darko Dimitrov.

On April 15, 2016, Ergi Dini published the video clip "Asnji Gram". The music and lyrics were written by Dini himself, while Alandy took care of the orchestration. The video clip was produced by Max Production.

Ergi Dini died tragically on November 21, 2016 during a motorcycle accident in Tirana. The singer was ready for another project, which has already been interrupted in the middle along with his life and dreams.

On October 15, 2019, a posthumous music video "Ku Je?" was released In collaboration with Barbana Dini. The music of the song was composed by Ergi Dini, the lyrics were written by Ergi Dini & Pandi Laço, while the orchestration was provided by Irkenc Hyka. The video clip was produced by MAX Production. After 3 years, Barbana Dini has fulfilled the will of her brother, making it possible for him to present the song in collaboration with her late brother on the day of his twenty-fifth birthday. The song was promoted in the studio of the show "Rudina", where Barbana was accompanied by her hero, as she considers her father, Mr. Dashamir Dini.

Discography

Singles

 Ain't no sunshine (feat. Tuna)
 Angie
 Asnji gram
 Can't take my eyes off you
 Dimni
 Funikuli Funikula
 Granada
 I got the dream
 Ku je (feat. Barbana Dini)
 Man's world
 Morphine
 Pa fryme
 Refuzoj
 Show must go on
 Sweet dreams
 Unchain my heart

References

The X Factor winners
1994 births
2016 deaths
Albanian pop singers
Road incident deaths in Albania

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Environmental Justice refers to the equal distribution of environmental hazards and amenities. Environmental justice efforts help to ensure that minority and low-income populations have equal opportunities and are not disproportionately affected by environmental programs and policies.
The Forest Service is working with cities and conservation partners to address environmental justice issues affecting urban communities throughout the United States.
Through research, partnerships, and community engagement, Forest Service scientists are working to eliminate environmental disparities in urban places, advance environmental literacy, and help cities provide new opportunities to low-income and disadvantaged residents.
Forest Service research addresses environmental inequities, such as disproportionate canopy cover and access to green space, as well as the vulnerability of some groups to climate change and other hazards.
Data and Decision Tools help direct tree-planting efforts and stewardship activities to areas in most need.
Research partnerships support environmental education, green jobs, and the development of community gardens.


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Hiram Welcomes Mangola & O'Neill To Coaching Staff
Hiram College has welcomed two new members to its coaching staff for the 2014-15 academic year. Jacqueline Mangola will take over as the 13th softball coach in program history, while Brian O'Neill becomes just the fourth swimming & diving coach in school history.
Chevalier Named NCAC Hunsinger Award Winner
Recent Kenyon College graduate Andrew Chevalier (Golden, CO/Home School) has been selected as the recipient of the 2014 North Coast Athletic Conference Don Hunsinger Award.
Chevalier Highlights Academic All-America List
The North Coast Athletic Conference was well represented on the 2014 Capital One Academic All-American Division III At-Large Team as nine student-athletes landed on one of the three teams. Kenyon senior swimmer Andrew Chavalier (Golden, CO/Home School) highlighted the men's list be being named the Academic All-American of the Year.
Eight Earn NCAA Postgraduate Scholarships
Eight NCAC winter sports student-athletes have been awarded one of the prestigious NCAA postgraduate scholarships for the 2013-14 academic year.
2014 Academic All-District At-Large Teams Announced
The 2014 Capital Once Academic All-District At-Large Teams, selected by the College Sports Information Directors of America (CoSIDA), was announced on May 15th with the North Coast placing 12 student-athletes on the list.
Allegheny Names Kirk Kumbier Head S&D Coach
Kirk Kumbier, a three-year member of the Allegheny swimming & diving program, has been promoted from his position as interim swimming & diving coach to head coach, announced on May 12 by Allegheny Director of Athletics and Recreation Portia Hoeg.
Hiram's Jack Groselle Steps Down
Veteran Hiram College Head Swimming and Diving Coach Jack Groselle has announced his resignation after a combined 22 seasons at the helm.
Nine NCAC Schools Ranked In Learfield Sports Directors' Cup Winter Standings
DePauw University currently sits in 35th to lead all North Coast Athletic Conference member institutions in the 2013-14 Division III Learfield Sports Directors' Cup winter standings.
NCAC Weekly Release (3-24-14) - NCAA Swimming & Diving Championships
The NCAC continued its dominance at the 2014 NCAA Swimming & Diving Championships as the Kenyon College men captured their 33rd national title all-time with 480 points.
Lords Win 33rd National Title; Ladies Second Overall
The Kenyon College men overtook Denison University in the final team standings in the second to last event on Saturday night to capture its NCAA-record 33rd Division III National Title at the 2014 NCAA Div. III Swimming & Diving Championships, held at the IU Natatorium in Indianapolis, Indiana, May 19-22. In the women's national championship meet, Kenyon finished second behind five-time national champion Emory for the second year in a row.
NCAC Weekly Release (3-17-14) - NCAA Swimming & Diving Championships Preview
The 2014 NCAA Division III Men's & Women's Swimming & Diving Championships will be held over a four day period at the IU Natatorium in Indianapolis, Indiana. The Indiana Sports Corp and Franklin College will serve as the co-host for the event, which will run Wednesday through Saturday (Mar. 19-22). Preliminary events begin at 10:00 a.m., with Finals beginning at 6:00 p.m. each day.
2014 Div. III Swimming & Diving Championships - Day Four
NCAC Weekly Release (3-3-14) - NCAA Diving Regionals
Fifteen NCAC student-athletes participated in the 2014 NCAA Division III Diving Regionals, held last weekend, Feb. 28 - Mar. 1. Denison hosted divers from Region 1, which includes a majority of NCAC institutions, at the Trumbull Aquatics Center in Granville, Ohio, while Allegheny divers traveled to Rochester Institute of Technology in New York for the Region 4 event on the same dates.
15 NCAC Divers Selected To Compete At Div. III Regional Diving Events
The NCAA announced the list of participants for the 2014 NCAA Division III Diving Regional events and 15 student-athletes from the North Coast Athletic Conference have been selected to compete.
DU Men and Women Win Sixth Consecutive NCAC Swimming & Diving Championships
NCAC Weekly Release (2-17-14) - Swimming & Diving
The Denison University men and women successfully won their sixth-straight North Coast Athletic Conference Swimming & Diving Championships at the 30th annual event, hosted at DU's own Trumbull Aquatics Center, February 12-15.
The 2014 NCAC Swimming & Diving Championships will be held February 12-15 at the Trumbull Aquatics Center on the campus of Denison University in Granville, Ohio.
2014 NCAC Swimming & Diving Championships Preview
Denison Mourns The Loss Of Former Coach And Administrator Ted Barclay
Former Denison coach, administrator and professor Theodore "Ted" Barclay, 83, died at his home on Friday, January 31, 2014.
NCAC Weekly Release (2-3-14) - Swimming & Diving
North Coast swimming & diving squads concluded their regular season training schedules last weekend with several dual meets featuring league foes.
While numerous North Coast squads wrapped up the regular season portion of their schedules last week, a handful of league teams will conclude their training schedules this weekend
North Coast swimming & diving squads continued preparations for the 2014 NCAC Swimming & Diving Championships last week as nine of the 10 league squads were in action.
North Coast swimming & diving teams returned to action last week following holiday break training trips.
Denison's Rosenburg Featured In Sports Illustrated
Denison junior swimmer Damon Rosenburg is featured in the Faces in the Crowd section of this week's edition of Sports Illustrated.
NCAC 30th Anniversary Swimming & Diving All-Decade Teams Announced
Denison's Olivia Zaleski and Kenyon's Josh Mitchell head a list of stellar student-athletes named to the North Coast Athletic Conference's 30th Anniversary men's and women's swimming & diving teams.
NCAC Weekly Release 12-9-13) - Swimming & Diving
Nearly every North Coast swimming & diving squad concluded the 2013 portion of their schedules last weekend at multi-day invitational events
NCAC Weekly Release (12-2-13) - Swimming & Diving
Every North Coast swimming & diving team was idle last week for the Thanksgiving break with nearly every league school returning to action this weekend for multi-day invitational events
NCAC Weekly Release (11-25-13) - Swimming & Diving
North Coast swimming & Diving action was highlighted last week by league squads competing at three separate invitational events. Kenyon traveled to Evanston, Illinois, for Northwestern's TYR Invitational
NCAC Weekly Releaes (11-18-13) - Swimming & Diving
North Coast swimming & diving squads returned to the pool last week with several teams competing at dual meets, highlighted by DePauw topping Wabash, 181.5-89.5, in the annual dual between the rival schools during Monon Bell week.
NCAC swimming & diving teams continued last week with seven of the league's 10 schools in action, highlighted by Hiram, Oberlin and Wooster participating in the final weekend of the Greater Cleveland Tournament.


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Pectinic acid
For Patients & Caregivers
Tell your healthcare providers about any dietary supplements you're taking, such as herbs, vitamins, minerals, and natural or home remedies. This will help them manage your care and keep you safe.
There is some evidence to support use of pectin for diarrhea and for lowering cholesterol. More studies are needed to determine pectin's benefits for cancer.
Pectin is a soluble fiber present in most plants but is concentrated in the peel and pulp of citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and grapefruits, as well as apples. Modified Citrus Pectin (MCP) is obtained by changing pectin so it is better absorbed by the body. Data from studies in cells and mice showed that pectin and MCP have anticancer properties. There is also some evidence from human studies that pectin and MCP are effective in treating diarrhea and in lowering cholesterol. Pectin causes side effects such as abdominal cramps and diarrhea and may interfere with the absorption of some types of supplements.
Purported Uses
Pectin has been shown to be effective in treating diarrhea in children with persistent diarrhea.
Diets supplemented with fiber can benefit patients with high blood cholesterol.
Cancer prevention and treatment
Laboratory and animal studies have shown that pectin has anticancer properties. Human studies are needed to verify these results.
Do Not Take If
You are taking lovastatin for high cholesterol: Pectin may inhibit the action of lovastatin and may increase LDL cholesterol.
You are taking carotenoid and alpha-tocopherol supplements: Pectin interferes with their absorption.
Modified Citrus Pectin Power
Pectin is a soluble fiber rich in galactoside residues. It is present in most plants but is concentrated in the peel and pulp of citrus fruits and in apples. Pectin is used as a gelling agent in food. It is also used as a remedy for diarrhea, to lower cholesterol, or to improve satiety. Modified Citrus Pectin (MCP) is an altered form of pectin that has shorter carbohydrate chains and is claimed to be better absorbed by the body.
Preclinical studies suggest inhibitory effects with pectin in colon (1) (2), breast (3), liver (13), and lung (16) cancer cell lines. Preliminary clinical data suggest that pectin is beneficial in treating diarrhea (4) and in reducing levels of toxic heavy metals (14). Pectin is also effective against hypercholesterolemia (5), but a recent study showed that source and type of pectin influences its activity (15). Another study also demonstrated that different types pectin are varied in their properties and may affect appetite and energy intake differently (17).
Pectin has been promoted for reducing colon cancer risk and damage from radiation therapy, but there is insufficient scientific evidence to support these uses. In a small non-randomized study, MCP was shown to increase the doubling time of prostate-specific antigen in patients with prostate cancer (6).
Gastrointestinal side effects such as abdominal cramps and diarrhea have been reported with use of pectin (5) (6).
Food Sources
Apples and citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and grapefruits.
Modified Citrus Pectin (MCP) acts as a ligand for galectin-3, which plays a major role in tumor formation and progression (7) (8). Binding of MCP to galectin-3 was shown to inhibit tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in vivo. MCP is thought to render galectin-3 incapable of binding its receptors that would result in angiogenesis (9). Galectin-3 is also found in prostate cancer cells and prostate tissue. In another study, MCP was shown to increase doubling time of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), presumably by binding galectin-3 (6). Pectin induced apoptosis in adenocarcinoma cells in vitro via caspase-3 activity resulting in DNA degradation (1).
Mild abdominal cramps and diarrhea, which resolved after stopping MCP (6).
Lovastatin: Pectin caused an increase in low-density lipoprotein in patients with hypercholesterolemia (10).
Carotenoid and alpha-tocopherol supplements: The absorption of these supplements is affected by pectin (12).
Dosage (OneMSK Only)
Olano-Martin E, Rimbach GH, Gibson GR, Rastall RA. Pectin and pectic-oligosaccharides induce apoptosis in in vitro human colonic adenocarcinoma cells. Anticancer Res 2003; 23(1A):341-346.
Umar S, Morris AP, Kourouma F, Sellin JH. Dietary pectin and calcium inhibit colonic proliferation in vivo by differing mechanisms. Cell Prolif 2003; 36(6):361-375.
Taper HS, Roberfroid M. Influence of inulin and oligofructose on breast cancer and tumor growth. J Nutr 1999; 129(7 Suppl):1488S-1491S.
Rabbani GH, Teka T, Zaman B, Majid N, Khatun M, Fuchs GJ. Clinical studies in persistent diarrhea: dietary management with green banana or pectin in Bangladeshi children. Gastroenterology 2001; 121(3):554-560.
Knopp RH, Superko HR, Davidson M et al. Long-term blood cholesterol-lowering effects of a dietary fiber supplement. Am J Prev Med 1999; 17(1):18-23.
Guess BW, Scholz MC, Strum SB, Lam RY, Johnson HJ, Jennrich RI. Modified citrus pectin (MCP) increases the prostate-specific antigen doubling time in men with prostate cancer: a phase II pilot study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2003; 6(4):301-304.
Inufusa H, Nakamura M, Adachi T et al. Role of galectin-3 in adenocarcinoma liver metastasis. Int J Oncol 2001; 19(5):913-919.
Nakamura M, Inufusa H, Adachi T et al. Involvement of galectin-3 expression in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Int J Oncol 1999; 15(1):143-148.
Nangia-Makker P, Hogan V, Honjo Y et al. Inhibition of human cancer cell growth and metastasis in nude mice by oral intake of modified citrus pectin. J Natl Cancer Inst 2002; 94(24):1854-1862.
Richter WO, Jacob BG, Schwandt P. Interaction between fibre and lovastatin. Lancet 1991; 338(8768):706.
MICROMEDEX(R) Healthcare Series. 120. 2004. Thomson MICROMEDEX.
Hoffmann J, Linseisen J, Riedl J, Wolfram G. Dietary fiber reduces the antioxidative effect of a carotenoid and alpha-tocopherol mixture on LDL oxidation ex vivo in humans. Eur J Nutr 1999; 38(6):278-285.
Liu HY, Huang ZL, Yang GH, Lu WQ, Yu NR. Inhibitory effect of modified citrus pectin on liver metastases in a mouse colon cancer model. World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Dec 28;14(48):7386-91.
Eliaz I, Weil E, Wilk B. Integrative medicine and the role of modified citrus pectin/alginates in heavy metal chelation and detoxification—five case reports. Forsch Komplementmed. 2007 Dec;14(6):358-64.
Brouns F, Theuwissen E, Adam A, et al. Cholesterol-lowering properties of different pectin types in mildly hyper-cholesterolemic men and women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 May;66(5):591-9.
Leclere L, Fransolet M, Cote F, et al. Heat-modified citrus pectin induces apoptosis-like cell death and autophagy in HepG2 and A549 cancer cells. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0115831.
Wanders AJ, Feskens EJ, Jonathan MC, et al. Pectin is not pectin: a randomized trial on the effect of different physicochemical properties of dietary fiber on appetite and energy intake. Physiol Behav. Apr 10 2014;128:212-219.
Email your questions and comments to aboutherbs@mskcc.org.


My fondest memories of preschool were with my best friend: drinking green punch, painting, tying our shoes. When my first started preschool, my hope was for him to make wonderful friends. But how does this happen?
Some kids make friends on their own. My elder child, now five, made his first friends before starting preschool, among children of my friends. Not all friendships thrived. My son is shy and slow to warm, so took time to socialize. Sometimes, he didn't mesh well with a kid that I thought he'd be great with, and instead bonded with another child.
Schedule play dates with children of a similar age. Ask your child who he'd like to have over, or if you want more ideas, ask his teacher.
Pick different types of children, boy and girl. While I've found opposites do not attract, friends can be different. Not all boys are hyperactive, and not all girls play with dolls.
Try again. If the first play date falls flat, maybe they need more time to get to know each other. For example, schedule an activity that both like. One of our most successful play dates was for ice cream followed by the playground; the ice cream helped to break the ice.
Encourage your child to persevere. One boy in my son's class wanted to be my son's friend, but they had argued on the play structure, and my son holds a grudge. The boy kept trying, showing interest in my son's building, and now they are close friends.
Do not interfere. Children are more likely to play together if you're not hovering. Introduce the child to the area, and keep yourself distracted with a younger sibling, folding laundry or prepping dinner, something in arms reach but not too close.
What if your child doesn't make friends on his own?
It might be time to facilitate the process if your child is in school, doesn't have friends but doesn't show interest in other children. One of my favorite resources, Dr. Laura Markham, has great tips here about helping your four year old make friends on the playground and in this video about when your child isn't making friends on the playground.
Start with your child's teacher. Ask if there's an issue, and for any advice on social skills your child needs to work on. The teacher can suggest children for play dates.
Consider a social skills group, which help children make friends. Some groups are for children with special needs, while others are for typical children or a combination of children who are typical and with special needs.
If your child isn't in school yet, try enrolling in activities that meet on a regular basis with the same children. For introverts or shy children, it will take a few meetings to become comfortable with a new child.
If your child is in school but doesn't seem to fit in, consider trying an extracurricular activity that he'd excel at.
Try a different gender. Girls of 4 to 6 years old can be catty with other girls, while boys can be more accepting. Encourage your girl to try popular activities for boys, such as building. Or encourage your boy to make some girl friends.


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Doktorandenseminar des WIAS
FG3: Numerische Mathematik und Wissenschaftliches Rechnen /
RG3: Numerical Mathematics and Scientific Computing/
LG5: Numerik für innovative Halbleiter-Bauteile
LG5: Numerics for innovative semiconductor devices
Seminar Numerische Mathematik / Numerical mathematics seminars
aktuelles Programm / current program
Online-Vorträge finden über ''Zoom'' statt. Der Zoom-Link wird jeweils ca. 15 Minuten vor Beginn des Gesprächs angezeigt. / The zoom link will be send to the staff of the institute about 15 minutes before the start of the talk. People who are not members of the research group 3 and who are interested in participating at this talk should contact Alexander Linke linke@wias-berlin.de for obtaining the zoom login details.
Dienstag, 17. 11. 2020, 13:30 Uhr (Online Event)
Prof. Peter Berg (University of Alberta, Kanada)
From microscale to macroscale properties of polymer electrolyte membranes: A case for pore network models
We present the first attempt at describing the flow of water and protons through polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM) by use of an elastic pore network model. The main feature of our approach lies in the interplay between fluxes and pore structures, determined by randomized pore properties, the elasticity of the pores, and the liquid pressure distribution across the network.
Closed-form solutions of the Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Stokes equations along each bond (pore) are employed and coupled to a swelling model for the pores which are embedded in the elastic PEM backbone. All parameter values are taken from the literature, leaving little room for the fitting of model results to literature values.
The resulting nonlinear problem is solved computationally in an efficient manner. More importantly, computed PEM properties at different operating conditions, such as the specific conductivity and the electro-osmotic drag coefficient, compare favourably to values in the literature. In addition, the analysis reveals insights into the nonlinear couplings between transport processes and the structure of the elastic domain which motivates studies of other elastic, nanofluidic systems.
For zoom login details please contact Alexander Linke linke@wias-berlin.de
Dienstag, 13. 10. 2020 2020, 13:30 Uhr (405/406 + Online Event)
Abhinav Jha (WIAS Berlin)
Probevortrag 1: Domain decomposition methods for implicit solvation models
A lot of chemical reactions of interest in chemistry and biology take place in a liquid phase and it is well noted that the solvent' effects play a crucial role in these processes. There are two widely used classes of models used to account for solvent' effects in the computation of the properties of a solvated molecule or ion, namely the explicit solvation models which adopt the molecular representation of both solutes as well as the solvent, and the implicit solvation models which treat the solute in a microscopic way and the solvent in a macroscopic way. Because of this microscopic treatment, implicit models are computationally more efficient and hence more popular. In this talk, we will discuss the domain decomposition methods for implicit solvation models and will particularly focus on the Linear-Poisson-Boltzmann equations. We will look at their implementation and provide some numerical studies.
Probevortrag 2: Numerical algorithms for algebraic stabilizations of scalar convection-dominated problems
Non-linear discretizations are necessary for convection-diffusion-reaction equations for obtaining accurate solutions that satisfy the discrete maximum principle (DMP). Algebraic stabilizations, also known as Algebraic Flux Correction (AFC) schemes, belong to the very few finite element discretizations that satisfy this property. The non-linearity of the system arises because of the presence of solution dependent limiters. Because of the non-linear nature of the problem, a new issue arises, which is the efficient solution of the system of equations.
In this talk, we will look at two aspects of AFC schemes namely the efficient solution of the non-linear system of equations and a posteriori error estimates for AFC schemes. In regards to a posteriori error estimators, we will also discuss the interplay of hanging nodes and non-linear stabilization schemes.
Donnerstag, 08. 10. 2020, 14:00 Uhr (Online Event)
Dr. Yiannis Hadjimichael (WIAS Berlin)
Numeral approximations for spatial-dependent SIR models
One of the first models used to describe epidemic propagation phenomena is the SIR model, introduced by Kermack and McKendrick in 1927. SIR models split the population into three classes: a group of species susceptible to infection, a compartment of the ill species, and a class of recovered species. In this talk, we consider a generalization of the original model in which the populations' size differs in space. The use of local spatial dependence transforms the SIR model to a system of integro-differential equations. We analyze the uniqueness and stability of the continuous model and suggest suitable numerical approximations that preserve the qualitative properties of the spatial-dependent SIR model. Furthermore, we provide sufficient step-size restrictions under which high order numerical schemes preserve the model's discrete properties (population conservation, positivity, and monotonicity). Finally, computational experiments verify the convergence and accuracy of the numerical methods.
Prof. Andrea Walther (HU Berlin)
Algorithmic differentiation: Sensitivties, adjoints and nonsmooth optimization
The provision of exact and consistent derivative information is important for numerous applications arising from optimization purposes as for example optimal control problems. However, even the pure simulation of complex systems may require the computation of derivative information. Implicit integration methods are prominent examples for this case.
The talk will present the technique of algorithmic (or automatic) differentiation (AD) to compute exact derivative information for function evaluations given as computer programs. This includes a short overview of the history of AD and a description of the main variants of AD, namely the forward mode to compute sensitivities as well as the reverse mode for the provision of adjoints. A discussion of complexity estimates follows yielding the important cheap gradient result. Subsequently, I will sketch briefly the usage of our AD tool ADOL-C. Finally, an extension of AD to compute generalized derivatives for nonsmooth optimization is discussed.
Dr. Zahra Lakdawala (WIAS Berlin)
Supervised and unsupervised learning frameworks for fluid mechanics
This talk presents an overview of current developments and the future of deep learning for fluid mechanics. The fundamental methodologies for supervised and unsupervised learning will be outlined and the use for understanding, modeling, optimizing and controlling fluid flows will be discussed. For example, how does one incorporate the Navier--Stokes equations or Darcy equations into a deep learning algorithm using neural networks and infer velocity and pressure fields? A framework will be presented where these networks can be integrated within any flow simulation algorithm. We will focus on understanding what a neural network is, how is it trained and how to solve forward and inverse problems where unknown solutions are approximated by a neural network (or a Gaussian process).
Holger Stephan (WIAS Berlin)
An overview of Lyapunov functions for linear continuous and discrete problems including some new results
Lyapunov functions are useful for studying the time behaviour of the solution of evolutionary equations. The classical example is the L_2 norm, which decays on the solution of a diffusion equation with Neumann boundary conditions. The corresponding operator is an operator in divergent form, which forms a symmetric positive definite Dirichlet form. This concept can be generalized to arbitrary linear evolution equations with Markov generators. These equations are exactly those which preserve the type of physical quantities describing them: Intensive quantities (Banach space of continuous functions) are averaged, extensive quantities (Banach space of Radon measures) conserve their mass and sign. It turns out that for Markov generators with real spectrum, there is always a Hilbert space whose norm is a Lyapunov function and whose corresponding Dirichlet form is symmetric and positive. This generalizes the concept of detailed balance. An analogous result applies to the normality of operators with complex spectrum. This is a joint result with Artur Stephan from RG1. Furthermore, an infinite sequence of positive Lyapunov functions -- like energy, dissipation rate and so on -- can be defined recursively. This can be understood as a generalization of the well-known Bakry-Emery theory for diffusion type equations. In the lecture both the finite dimensional discrete case and the infinite dimensional continuous case are considered. Depending on which case is better suited for understanding the nature of the problem, we switch between them in an appropriate manner.
Prof. Volker John (WIAS Berlin)
On the provable convergence order for the kinetic energy of FEMs for the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations
The kinetic energy of a flow is proportional to the square of the L2(Ω) norm of the velocity. Given a sufficient regular velocity field u and a velocity finite element space with polynomials of degree r, then the best approximation error in L2(Ω) is of order r+1. This talk will discuss which order of convergence for the kinetic energy can be proved with robust error estimates, i.e., with estimates where the constant does not depend on inverse powers of the viscosity. To fix ideas, the first part of the talk is devoted to evolutionary scalar convection-diffusion equations. In the second part, results for robust discretizations of the time-dependent incompressible Navier--Stokes equations will be surveyed. This survey covers as well inf-sup stable pairs of finite element spaces as pressure-stabilized discretizations.
Dr. Hang Si (WIAS Berlin)
Detri2, a 2D constrained Delaunay-Voronoi mesh generator
Detri2 is a C++ program to generate triangular meshes from arbitrary polygonal domains.It uses constrained Delaunay algorithms to conform the input line segments and maintain the locally Delaunay property of the mesh toplogy. It uses Delaunay refinement algorithms to generate meshes with good angle bounds. It can generate adaptive meshes corresponding to input mesh sizing functions. In this talk, I will give a brief tutorial of the basic functionalites of Detri2. I will demonstrate the aglorithms and many of the features of Detri2 using a graphic user interface - Detri2Qt. The source code of Detri2 and Detri2Qt are available at http://www.wias-berlin.de/people/si/detri2.html
Derk Frerichs (WIAS Berlin)
Basic concepts of virtual element methods and a really pressure-robust virtual element method for the Stokes problem
Virtual element methods (VEM) can be seen as a modern approach to extend finite element methods to polygonal and polyhedral meshes. This talk has two aims. First, basic ideas, concepts and advantages of VEM are presented using the well known Poisson problem. The second part concerns a VEM for the Stokes problem. For the Stokes problem exactly divergence-free VEM fail when it comes to small viscosity parameters or when the continuous pressure is complicated. In this talk a modification of the VEM is presented based on Raviart--Thomas approximations of the testfunctions which renders the method really pressure-robust, i.e. locking free for very small viscosities. The construction is also interesting for hybrid hyigh-order methods on polygonal or polyhedral meshes. Numerical results round up the theoretical findings.
Dilara Abdel (WIAS Berlin)
Comparison of modified Scharfetter-Gummel schemes for generalized drift-diffusion systems
The standard model for the description of semi-classical transport of free electrons and holes in a self-consistent electric field in a semiconductor device is the van Roosbroeck system of equations. For the discretization of this system Voronoi finite volume schemes based on different choices of flux approximations are considered. The classical Scharfetter--Gummel scheme yields a thermodynamically consistent numerical flux, but cannot be used for general charge carrier statistics. This talk aims to give an impression of the comparison and analysis of modified Scharfetter--Gummel schemes to simulate generalized drift-diffusion systems.
Dr. Christian Merdon (WIAS Berlin)
A novel gradient-robust, well-balanced discretisation for the compressible Stokes problem
This talk suggests a novel well-balanced discretisation of the stationary compressible isothermal Stokes problem based on the concept of gradient-robustness. Gradient-robustness means that arbitrary gradient fields in the momentum balance are well-balanced by the discrete pressure gradient - if there is enough mass in the system to compensate the force. The scheme is provably convergent and asymptotic-preserving in the sense that it degenerates for low Mach numbers to a recent inf-sup stable and pressure-robust modified Bernardi--Raugel finite element method for the incompressible Stokes equations. All properties are demonstrated in numerical examples.
Donnerstag, 05. 03. 2020, 14:00 Uhr (ESH)
Dr. Alexander Linke (WIAS Berlin)
Gradient-robustness: A new concept assuring accurate spatial discretizations for vector-valued PDEs
Vector-valued PDEs like the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations (in primitive variables velocity and pressure) describe the time evolution of a vector-valued quantity like the momentum density. For vector-valued PDEs it is quite natural to derive formally on the continuous level a derived time evolution of the vorticity and the divergence. Accordingly, any space discretization for a vector-valued PDE (implicitly) delivers a discrete vorticity and discrete divergence equation.
While the celebrated inf-sup stability will be shown to assure an accurate discrete divergence equation, the talk will actually focus on the question, which structural properties allow for an implicitly defined accurate discrete vorticity equation. The key observation is that the L^2-orthogonality of divergence-free vector fields and gradient fields is the weak equivalent to the vector calculus identity $nabla times nabla psi = mathbf0$ for arbitrary smooth scalar fields $psi$.
In the context of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, the concept of pressure-robustness was introduced in 2016, in order to discriminate between space discretizations with accurate and inaccurate discrete vorticity equations. H(div)-conforming finite element spaces have been found as an important means to realize the L^2-orthogonality between discretely divergence-free vector fields and (arbitrary) gradient fields. Further, it is shown that spatial discretizations that are not pressure-robust may suffer from i) a degradation of the (preasymptotic) convergence rate, and ii) large, parameter-dependent constants in error estimates. Typical flows that benefit from pressure-robustness are quasi-hydrostatic flows, quasi-geostrophic flows and vortex-dominated high Reynolds number flows.
Last but not least, the talk shows how to extend the concept of pressure-robustness to more general vector-valued PDEs, leading to the concept of gradient-robustness. Gradient robustness assures that dominant and extreme gradient fields in a vector-valued PDE will not lead to inaccuracies in the discretization. The talk will show examples from linear elasticity and compressible (Navier--)Stokes flows at low Mach numbers and in stratified flows. Thus, connections to well-balanced schemes and WENO schemes will be drawn.
Dr. Philip Lederer (TU Wien, Österreich)
Divergence-free tangential finite element methods for incompressible flows on surfaces
In this work we consider the numerical solution of incompressible flows on twodimensional manifolds. Whereas the compatibility demands of the velocity and the pressure spaces are known from the flat case one further has to deal with the approximation of a velocity field that lies only in the tangential space of the given geometry. Abandoning H1-conformity allows us to construct finite elements which are -- due to an application of the Piola transformation -- exactly tangential. To reintroduce continuity (in a weak sense) we make use of (hybrid) discontinuous Galerkin techniques. To further improve this approach, H(div Γ)-conforming finite elements can be used to obtain exactly divergence-free velocity solutions. We present several new finite element discretizations. On a number of numerical examples we examine and compare their qualitative properties and accuracy.
und 15:00 Uhr
Dr. Anton Stephan (Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre)
Modeling Navier--Stokes equations for high Reynolds number flows and complex geometries in aerodynamic applications
The flight of an aircraft through a turbulent environment presents a difficult numerical problem. Though it can be easily described by the Navier-Stokes equations, it is impossible to perform a direct numerical simulation resolving all physically relevant scales. For several decades, numerous different models have been developed which perform very well for very specific problems. However, since the aircraft flight includes complex geometries as well as large spatial dimensions these models fail to capture all important features of the problem.
The vision of establishing a simulation system for virtual flight in a realistic environment is addressed by the coupling of two separate flow solvers in a bi-directional manner. This enables for example the simulation of a flight through gusts, trailing vortices and clear air turbulence, including the effects on the aircraft and the roll-up of trailing vortices and their further development until final decay. A compressible Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) solver resolves the near-field around an aircraft model. An incompressible Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) solver is used to model the atmosphere around the aircraft with its wake footprint in the LES domain. This hybrid simulation setup is used to investigate complex physical problems occurring in different flight scenarios.
Prof. Wolfgang Dreyer (WIAS Berlin)
Classical tests of electro-chemistry
Volume changes, heat of dilution, osmosis, saturation pressure decrease and boiling temperature increase of electrolytes are classical phenomena that can be used to test and adjust parameter of electrochemical modeling. In this lecture we apply the electrolyte model developed at WIAS to these phenomena in order to critically examine the underlying assumptions. The observations require generalizations of the notions of incompressibility and surface tension.
Dienstag, 18. 02. 2020, 13:30 Uhr (ESH)
Ondřej Pártl (WIAS Berlin)
Mathematical modeling of non-isothermal compositional compressible fluid flow in zeolite bed and above its surface
I will present a mathematical model and numerical scheme for the simulation of non-isothermal compositional compressible fluid flow in a heterogeneous porous medium and in the coupled atmospheric boundary layer above the surface of this porous medium, where one of the flowing components adsorbs on the porous matrix. I will discuss the application of this model to the simulation of the hydration of a zeolite bed.
My model is based on the two-domain approach, i.e., the domain in which the flow occurs is divided into the porous medium subdomain and the free flow subdomain. In each subdomain, the flow is described by the corresponding balance equations for mass, momentum and energy. On the interface between the subdomains, coupling conditions are prescribed.
In both subdomains, the spacial discretization of the governing equations is carried out via the finite volume method. For time integration, we use a special time stepping procedure.
Dr. Gabriel R. Barrenechea (University of Strathclyde, Scotland)
Low-order divergence-free finite element methods
In this talk I will review results on a divergence-free reconstruction of the lowest order pair for the Navier-Stokes equation. More precisely, from a stabilised P1xP0 scheme, a divergence-free velocity field is built as the result of a lift of the pressure jumps, and it is then plugged in the convective term of the momentum equation. This process provides a method that can be proven stable without the need to suppose the mesh refined enough. We first apply this idea to the transient Navier-Stokes equations, where estimates independent of the viscosity are derived. Then, the applicability of this idea is extended to a steady-state generalised Boussinesq system.
Dr. Holger Stephan (WIAS Berlin)
A general concept of majorization and a corresponding Robin Hood method
The Robin Hood method is a numerical method for constructing a double-stochastic matrix that maps a given vector to another vector that is also given. This is possible if the preimage majorizes the image. The majorization of vectors is a special order sometimes called the Lorentz order. A double-stochastic matrix is a special case of a Markov (or stochastic) matrix. In the case of a general Markov matrix, it is not yet clear when such a construction is possible, what kind of condition similar to the majorization must be fulfilled by the given vectors, nor is a numerical method for determining the matrix known (regardless some heuristic iterative versions of the Robin-Hood method).
In the talk, we give a complete solution to all these problems, including a general direct Robin Hood method. It turns out that the construction of a Markov matrix from two given pairs of two vectors is possible if and only if the pairs satisfy a certain order condition. If one interprets the vectors as states of a physical system, then this order is exactly the order known as the natural time order or the second law of thermodynamics.
Lia Strenge (Technische Universität Berlin)
A multilayer, multi-timescale model approach for economic and frequency control in power grids using Julia
Power systems are subject to fundamental changes due to the increasing infeed of decentralized renewable energy sources and storage. The decentral nature of the new actors in the system requires new concepts for structuring the power grid, and achieving a wide range of control tasks ranging from seconds to days. Here we introduce a multilayer dynamical network model covering a wide range of control time scales. Crucially we combine a decentralized, self-organized low-level control and a smart grid layer of devices that can aggregate information from remote sources. The stability critical task of frequency control is performed by the former, the economic objective of demand matching dispatch by the latter. Having both aspects present in the same model allows us to study the interaction between the layers. Remarkably we find that adding communication in the form of aggregation does not improve the performance in the cases considered. Instead the self-organised state of the system already contains the information required to learn the demand structure in the entire power grid. The model introduced here is highly flexible, and can accommodate a wide range of scenarios relevant to future power grids. We expect that it will be especially useful in the context of low-energy microgrids with distributed generation. All simulations and numerical experiments for control design and analysis with sampling-based methods are performed in Julia 1.1.0. The overall model is implemented as stiff nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) with periodic callbacks for the control actions. The ODE has dimension 4 N, where N is the number of edges of the graph representing the power grid (i.e., N feed-in/load connections). It is planned to use automatic differentiation to learn more about the overall nonlinear model.


SUMMARY: Ahhh, summer time and the livin' is light and easy. Per chance there's an opportunity to escape the textbooks, computer screens and chores to engage in a more leisurely pursuit. Alex Brett offers a busy little mystery in her book, Cold Dark Matter. In it, a private investigator takes on the puzzle of an apparent murder at the FrancoCanadian telescope in Hawaii. A quick pace and twisting plot make this a fine read for those astronomy buffs who care to branch out a bit.


text:
package org.caleydo.view.tourguide.internal.view.ui.pool;

import static org.caleydo.vis.lineup.ui.RenderStyle.LABEL_HEIGHT;
import gleem.linalg.Vec2f;

import java.beans.IndexedPropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;

import org.caleydo.core.util.color.Color;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.GLElement;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.GLElementContainer;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.GLGraphics;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.IGLElementContext;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.dnd.ADropGLTarget;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.dnd.IDnDItem;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.dnd.IDragInfo;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.dnd.IDropGLTarget;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.layout.IGLLayout;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.layout2.layout.IGLLayoutElement;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.picking.IPickingListener;
import org.caleydo.core.view.opengl.picking.Pick;
import org.caleydo.view.tourguide.internal.view.GLTourGuideView;
import org.caleydo.vis.lineup.config.IRankTableUIConfig;
import org.caleydo.vis.lineup.model.ARankColumnModel;
import org.caleydo.vis.lineup.model.ColumnDragInfo;
import org.caleydo.vis.lineup.model.RankTableModel;
import org.caleydo.vis.lineup.model.mixin.IHideableColumnMixin;

/**
 * simple visualization of the pool of hidden columns
 *
 * @author Samuel Gratzl
 *
 */
public class ScorePoolUI extends GLElementContainer implements IGLLayout {
	private final RankTableModel table;

	private final PropertyChangeListener listener = new PropertyChangeListener() {
		@Override
		public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent evt) {
			switch (evt.getPropertyName()) {
			case RankTableModel.PROP_POOL:
				onColumsChanged((IndexedPropertyChangeEvent) evt);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
		}
	};

	private int dropPickingId = -1;
	private final IPickingListener dropListener = new IPickingListener() {
		@Override
		public void pick(Pick pick) {
			onDropPick(pick);
		}
	};
	private boolean armed;

	private IDropGLTarget dropTarget = new ADropGLTarget() {

		@Override
		public void onDrop(IDnDItem input) {
			ARankColumnModel model = ((ColumnDragInfo) input.getInfo()).getModel();
			model.hide();
			armed = false;
			repaint();
		}

		@Override
		public boolean canSWTDrop(IDnDItem input) {
			IDragInfo info = input.getInfo();
			if (!(info instanceof ColumnDragInfo))
				return false;
			ARankColumnModel model = ((ColumnDragInfo) info).getModel();
			if (!(model instanceof IHideableColumnMixin) || model.isHidden() || !model.isHideAble())
				return false;
			armed = true;
			repaint();
			return true;
		}
	};

	public ScorePoolUI(RankTableModel table, IRankTableUIConfig config, GLTourGuideView view) {
		this.table = table;
		table.addPropertyChangeListener(RankTableModel.PROP_POOL, listener);
		setLayout(this);
		setLayoutData(new Vec2f(110, (LABEL_HEIGHT + 8) * 3));

		this.add(new PaperBasket(table));

		this.add(new SerialFactoryPoolElem(table));
		this.add(new SeparatorFactoryPoolElem(table));

		// final EDataDomainQueryMode mode = view.getMode();
		// for(Map.Entry<String,IScoreFactory> factory : ScoreFactories.getFactories().entrySet()) {
		// if (!factory.getValue().supports(mode))
		// continue;
		// this.add(new ScoreFactoryPoolElem(factory.getKey(), factory.getValue(), view));
		// }

		for (ARankColumnModel hidden : table.getPool()) {
			add(wrap(hidden));
		}
	}

	/**
	 * @param hidden
	 * @return
	 */
	private GLElement wrap(ARankColumnModel hidden) {
		return new ColumnPoolElem(hidden);
	}

	@Override
	protected void init(IGLElementContext context) {
		super.init(context);
		dropPickingId = context.registerPickingListener(dropListener);
	}

	@Override
	public void doLayout(List<? extends IGLLayoutElement> children, float w, float h) {
		IGLLayoutElement paperBasket = children.get(0);
		children = children.subList(1, children.size());

		float x = 5;
		float y = 5;
		w -= 5;
		h -= 5;
		if (w > 120) {
			for (IGLLayoutElement child : children) {
				if ((x + 100) > w) {
					x = 5;
					y += LABEL_HEIGHT + 5;
				}
				child.setBounds(x, y, 100, LABEL_HEIGHT);
				x += 100 + 5;
			}
			paperBasket.setBounds(w - 40, h - 16, 40, 16);
		} else {
			// linear
			for (IGLLayoutElement child : children) {
				child.setBounds(x, y, 100, LABEL_HEIGHT);
				y += LABEL_HEIGHT + 2;
			}
			paperBasket.setBounds(x, h - 16, w - x, 16);
		}

	}

	protected void onDropPick(Pick pick) {
		switch(pick.getPickingMode()) {
		case MOUSE_OVER:
			context.getMouseLayer().addDropTarget(dropTarget);
			break;
		case MOUSE_OUT:
			context.getMouseLayer().removeDropTarget(dropTarget);
			if (this.armed) {
				this.armed = false;
				repaint();
			}
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}

	@Override
	protected void takeDown() {
		context.unregisterPickingListener(dropPickingId);
		dropPickingId = -1;
		table.removePropertyChangeListener(RankTableModel.PROP_POOL, listener);
		super.takeDown();
	}

	@Override
	protected void renderImpl(GLGraphics g, float w, float h) {
		super.renderImpl(g, w, h);
		g.color(Color.DARK_GRAY).drawRoundedRect(0, 0, w - 1, h - 1, 10);
	}

	@Override
	protected void renderPickImpl(GLGraphics g, float w, float h) {
		GLElement paperBasket = get(size() - 1);
		g.pushName(dropPickingId);
		g.fillRect(0, 0, paperBasket.getLocation().x() - 2, h);
		g.popName();
		super.renderPickImpl(g, w, h);
	}

	protected void onColumsChanged(IndexedPropertyChangeEvent evt) {
		if (evt.getOldValue() == null) { // new
			ARankColumnModel new_ = (ARankColumnModel) evt.getNewValue();
			this.add(wrap(new_)); // at the back
		} else if (evt.getNewValue() == null) { // remove
			for (GLElement g : this) {
				if (Objects.equals(g.getLayoutDataAs(ARankColumnModel.class, null), evt.getOldValue())) {
					remove(g);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}
}


text:
⭐ Brand new music from Stefania, Damir, Greta Salóme, Magnus & Helena, Little Big and Lena
The winner of Dora 2020, Damir Kedžo has released a new song named "U nama". The author of music and lyrics is Croatian musician Lu Jakelić.
Icelandic singer and songwriter, participant of Eurovision Song Contest 2012 and 2016, Greta Salóme Stefánsdóttir has released a new song titled Svartur Hrafn.
"Black Raven has a little confusing lyrics and can be about a person or an object that you seek but which may be yours only for a short time. We often go for what we know is not for us and can not get rid of it no matter what we try. Everyone can relate to it in some way, "
Magnus Carlsson & Helena Paparizou release a new duet. In a sense, it's the ideal pop song for such a pairing – Melodifestivalen-tailored melodies meeting a certain Mediterranean flair in the production. It's a pretty joyful number that sounds ripe for some summer rinsing!
Russian group Little Big, who was due to represent Russia in Eurovision 2020, recently released a new EP, titled "Covers". With five tracks, the release features versions of well-known themes, with the group has released the music video for "Everybody", a song originally performed by the Backstreet Boys.
Lena is back with brand new music. After her last album in 2019 and three compilations released this year with older music, "Strip" is the lead single for her new album/era.
With "U Nama" (eng.: In Us) Damir delivers an emotional ballad that shows his voice perfectly. It has a natural product with a lot of instruments being used.
Donny Montell is delivering a mid-tempo disco tune with his latest release "Atiduočiau Už Naktį Bet Ką" (eng.: I would give away Anything for the Night).
Since Eurovision, we all should know that Stefania is living in the Netherlands and now she released a song in Dutch together with Tommie Christiaan. "Voor Een Ander" (eng.: For Someone Else) is a super radio-friendly song, that could do very well in the charts. Moreover, the song is also part of the Dutch version of the movie "Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway".
EUROVISION 2022 🇮🇹 TURIN
🇧🇪 Have a say: Who should represent Belgium in Eurovision 2022?
🇷🇺 Have a say: Who should represent Russia in Eurovision 2022?


Community Committees hold at least four public meetings a year, where ward councillors make decisions about services and priorities for the local area.
Community Committees also host a series of workshops which consider issues that concern you and explore how you can influence decisions on things such as environmental improvements, community safety, health and wellbeing and employment.
The committee also allocates funding every year to both community projects and youth activities. Small grants of up to £350 and large grants over £350 are available.
Support officer: Debbie Oldham 0113 37 88656.


text:
Q: Comparing simulated and actual data Say I have a simple linear regression with observed values of y
y = a + bx
I then have 1000 simulations whereby I generated y randomly. (It's not a matter of reshuffling y; I generated y through a separate model.) For each simulation I have independent estimates of b. My goal is to test whether my actual estimate for b differs from my simulated b's. Normally, I would test whether b falls within the 95% confidence interval of the 1000 simulated b's. However, each b estimate has it's own standard error. How do I take this into account?
I saw one publication that gave the number of simulations that have a b +/i 95% CI that overlaps with the 95% CI of the b from the observed data. Is that the standard way of presenting the results? Also, what if I wanted to show the results (x-y relationship) graphically? What would I use for the 95% confidence interval of the slope of the simulations?
Thank you!

A: While each parameter estimate has a standard error, as you say, what is that standard error a measure of? It's an attempt to estimate the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the parameter.
But you have that distribution via your simulation. The sample $b$'s from your simulation represent draws from the sampling distribution. The estimates of standard error are redundant. Don't take it into account, do as you suggest under 'normally' - the interval you generate by simulation should behave as a sample from the sampling distribution under the conditions set up in your simulation (personally I'd use a bigger sample, if possible, but that's just me - many people are content with n=1000).

What would I use for the 95% confidence interval of the slope of the simulations?

The obvious (2.5%ile, 97.5%ile) of the simulated slopes would be the typical thing to do.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I love Cape Town this time of year. Spend enough Decembers and Januaries in the soggy greyness of Europe and you'll stop moaning about the south-easter and the Vaalies (well, maybe not the Vaalies) and feel a deep, abiding gratitude for the fact that when the table cloth stops tumbling over the mountain and a still and clear blue morning awakens, get there early and you have the whole beach to yourself. And as you wade into the water it dawns on you that the summer is yours, all yours. In fact, the whole place is. Cape Town is the kind of city you own if you're a local. I used to walk around the icy streets of Malmö, already dark at 3:30pm, dreaming of Clifton 4th. I knew what was going on there: that the sun was not even close to setting yet. That people were navigating the cold, clean waves on SUPs. That a granadilla lolly would, indeed, make you jolly.
And as the sunbathing crowd marches up the steps to wherever it is they came from, the picnic crowd would be marching down with white wine and blankets and things from Giovannis. And the knowledge that all this was happening on the other side of the planet while I pushed a double baby pram through slush was almost more than I could bear. And I'll never take it for granted again: the girl crossing Buitengracht street yesterday in a strappy sundress and converse high tops, holding her skirt so it didn't blow up around her head. She was just so Cape Town. The guy in the airport parking lot a few mornings ago who, to pass the time while he waited for his load of tourists, had opened all the doors, put his favourite song on loud and was dancing like nobody was watching. The bergies on High Level road wearing Christmas hats with flashing lights. iKapa.
It's too hot inside the restaurants so patrons spill outside into courtyards festooned with fairy lights. Summer nights black as ink, balmy, alcohol-steeped, humming with the energy of the season. Midnight in a swimming pool underneath a blanket of stars. Carols by candlelight. Sunrise walks up the mountain. A friend recently arrived, coming home from Australia where he tried to emigrate but nearly died of dismay. He calls it 'a dusty rock where souls go to die.' Sometimes I sit on a bench at the Waterfront and watch the tourists go by. It's easy to tell who is who. Nobody on the planet is as pasty as the Brits. Nobody wears uglier shoes than the Germans, and even though the Swedes have only been here for half an hour, they've already managed to turn themselves a deep shade of mahogany. But, come! Come! Spend your Kronor and your Euros. Heaven knows we locals can't afford the seafood platter.
The thing is, you'd be hard-pressed to find worse whiners than we Saffers. Here we are actually living in the city the whole world rushes to in the summer and we still find things to complain about. Cape Town – like the whole of the country – is not without its problems. But actually it's pretty amazing, as places go. And, as I've said many times in the past, sometimes I wonder if it really needs to be 'fixed'. Like life, South Africa is messy, unpredictable and full of contradictions. Some days you'll be frustrated, others you'll be delighted. It's the human experience presented in sharp technicolour. It's like all the bad and all the good you can ever imagine has been crammed into this one little corner of the globe. Pour yourself a rooibos gin and enjoy the ride.
This year, despite the drought, hotels have been fully booked since July. Restaurants are crowded, main roads crawling. I know some folks get grumpy about actually having to plan in advance and make dinner reservations (the horror!) but I love it – the bustle, the vibe, the money pouring in which keeps the machine oiled and the wheels turning. And there's a reason why everyone on the planet wants to be here. This city really does have everything. Last week a friend made an appointment over the phone. As they settled the details and she was about to hang up, the person she was talking to clinched the deal with, 'shap shap, shanana.' She was so amused she told me about it on Whatsapp. We both posted 'laugh-till-you-cry faces. 'You should write a blog about that,' she suggested. So, here it is.
Happy 2018 to all my readers. Thank you for engaging with my ramblings over the past year. The past 12 months were a tough journey for many of us, but I think 2018 is going to be shap shap shanana.
Love it! Susan Hayden, you're my favourite blogger!!
Spot on, Susan! Love this city – warts and all!
i didn't think i was going to survive another day without your blog. obrigada!
I just love your blog.Thank you for reminding me how lucky I am to live in the most beautiful city in the world. I've been home from the never-ending sandpit (aka Riyadh, KSA) since Dec 2013. I've recently felt a bit disillusioned with Cape Town (full of Vaalies / expensive for the locals / drought looming / etc.)…. Yesterday, I went to a petrol station, asked for unleaded petrol and the guy responded "…. sho sho… the cream soda" – because the unleaded is mos the green one. Where else would someone somma change the name of the unleaded and call it "cream soda"…. He changed my day. It was indeed an uplifting experience!
Merry Everything and Happy Always Susan. I wish you a great 2018.
Well, nobody could have said it better. For us die-hards, it is HOME!
I love my country, warts and all.
Camps Bay were beautiful on Saturday evening, after watching a 5pm of Allan Committee at Theatre on the Bay. I never get tired of the beauty that surrounds us. We are soooooo lucky.
David here, in sunny cold Georgia, USA. Your writing paints such colorful pictures. But please explain to me the "shap shap shanana". Or don't. I do so very much enjoy your writing.
Love it! Will forward to my daughter who spent 7 years in Holland and feels much the same as you do.
Nice piece of writing Susan – really enjoyed it.
you wonderful, clever, witty woman. what a lekker start to the year. keep writing!
Loved reading this, as I do all your posts thank you!
Entertaining reading as always, thanks Susan.
I met a couple from Naples while backpacking around Corsica many years ago. They couldn't speak much English and my Italian comprised a bit of Latin with some italianised English thrown into the mix. We sat around campfires discussing the meaning of life, the lyrics of Pink Floyd and the problems besetting Europe. In extremely broken English the guy told me: "the problem with Europe is, how you say, there is no combat for life". When I read your posts I am reminded how much I love this place and how I missed the chaos and "combat for life" while stuck in predictable, secure Europe for years on end.
Thanks for your marvellous insights and wit.
I can totally feel the atmosphere of CT coming to me through your words. Oh, miss it so! What the heck is rooibos gin? Something to try next time I visit for sure.
Always enjoy reading your ramblings. CT is a magical place and you describe it so well. Formerly from CT now living in NZ, its great to take a trip down memory lane and have a bit of a giggle. Thanks and keep rambling!!
I'm originally from Pretoria. We've lived in a few places…Cape Town for 8 years, shortish stints in London and Houston, 3 years in Copenhagen, 2 years in Stockholm and now in Johannesburg for 7 years. As much as we miss Scandinavia, we miss Cape Town more…our soul city, our fountain of youth! May you have a fabulous year in the city where souls go to rejuvenate!
I can't wait to get back to Cape Town at the end of March to have one of this those bloody granadilla lollies on Clifton, whilst watching the sun set, 'sneak sipping' a glass of my favourite Sauvignon blanc!
Love this. Have returned to sunny SA from the soggy arse end of the world that is Ireland, and can't agree with your sentiments more. But I'm loving Durban – the albeit unwashed sister in terms of SA cities. The sea breeze is warm and salty, the bunnies are spicy and all the Berea prozzies shout greetings at us 5am runners. All the best for 2018 – come visit the East Coast.


text:
Jack Ingram Nissan Welcomes the 2021 Nissan Altima to its Showroom
The 2021 Nissan Altima is now available at the dealership in Montgomery, AL
The 2021 Nissan Altima is now available at Jack Ingram Nissan
The sedan was redesigned two years ago, and it sets the standard high for its segment.
MONTGOMERY, Ala. (PRWEB) November 16, 2020
Individuals who are looking for a mid-size sedan that has an impressive fuel economy, an available all-wheel-drive system and various safety features will like what the 2021 Nissan Altima offers. The sedan was redesigned two years ago, and it sets the standard high for its segment.
The 2021 Nissan Altima is available in six trim levels which include the S, SV, SR, SR VC-Turbo, SL and Platinum. In addition, the sedan is available in two drivetrain options which are front-wheel-drive and an available all-wheel-drive. The all-wheel-drive system allows individuals to feel more confident when behind the wheel, especially in inclement weather.
There are two powerful engine options available depending on the trim level that is chosen along with the fuel that is used in the sedan. The first is a 2.5-liter 4-cylinder engine that produces 188 horsepower and 180 pound-foot of torque or 182 horsepower and 178 pound-foot of torque. The second available engine is a 2.0-liter 4-cylinder turbo engine that produces 248 horsepower and 273 pound-foot of torque or 236 horsepower and 267 pound-foot of torque.
When it comes to safety, the 2021 Nissan Altima is a great option. It comes standard with Nissan Safety Shield® 360. Systems that are included with this suite are Automatic Emergency Braking, Rear Automatic Braking, Rear Cross-Traffic Alert, Blind Spot Warning, Lane Departure Warning and High Beam Assist.
Potentials customers who would like to learn more about the 2021 Nissan Altima can visit the dealership's website: https://www.jackingramnissan.com/. Individuals who would like the learn more about the sedan can reach Jack Ingram Nissan by phone at 833-343-0674. Finally, the dealership is located at 227 Eastern Blvd. for those who would like a more personal experience.
Jack Ingram Nissan