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Home / News Topics / News / Science & Technology / Massive earthquakes provide new insight into deep Earth
Massive earthquakes provide new insight into deep Earth
By: Zachary Boehm | Published: March 27, 2019 | 9:49 am | SHARE:
Wenyuan Fan, assistant professor in the Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science
In the waning months of 2018, two of the mightiest deep earthquakes ever recorded in human history rattled the Tonga-Fiji region of the South Pacific.
In the first-ever study of these deep earthquakes — generally defined as any earthquake occurring 350 kilometers or more below the Earth's surface — a Florida State University-led research team characterized these significant seismological events, revealing new and surprising information about our planet's mysterious, ever-changing interior.
The team's findings, published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, delineate the complex geological processes responsible for the earthquakes and suggest that the first powerful perturbation may have actually triggered the second.
"We don't have these kind of large earthquakes too often," said study author Wenyuan Fan, an earthquake seismologist in FSU's Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science. "These deep earthquakes, especially larger earthquakes, aren't really promoted by the ambient environment. So why is this happening? It's a compelling question to ask."
Deep below the Earth in the Tonga-Fiji region of the South Pacific, one enormous earthquake triggered another. Credit: David Broad.
While deep earthquakes are rarely felt on the Earth's surface, studying these titanic events can help researchers better understand the systems and structures of the inner Earth.
But the precise mechanisms of deep earthquakes have long been a mystery to earthquake scientists. The extreme temperature and pressure conditions of the deep Earth aren't suitable for the kinds of mechanical processes typically responsible for earthquakes — namely the movement and sudden slippage of large plates.
Instead, the extraordinary pressure holds things firmly in place, and the soaring temperatures make rocky material behave like chocolate — moving around viscously instead of like ice cubes as is seen in the shallow surface.
"We did not expect to have deep earthquakes," Fan said. "It should not happen. But we do have observations of deep earthquakes. So why? How? What kind of physical processes operate under such conditions?"
Using advanced waveform analyses, Fan and his team found that the first quake — a behemoth clocking in at magnitude 8.2, making it the second-largest deep earthquake ever recorded — was the product of two distinct physical processes.
The earthquake, they found, began in one of the region's seismically important slabs, a portion of one tectonic plate subducted beneath another. Slab cores are cooler than their seething hot surroundings, and therefore more amenable to earthquake nucleation.
Once the earthquake began forming in the slab core, it propagated out into the warmer and more ductile surroundings. This outward propagation moved the earthquake from one mechanical process to another.
"This is interesting because before Tonga was thought to predominantly only have one type of mechanism, which is within the cold slab core," Fan said. "But we're actually seeing that multiple physical mechanisms are involved."
Ground motions of the two earthquakes recorded by a nearby seismic station, and rupture durations from both near and far field observations. Records suggest that both earthquakes ruptured for about 35 seconds even though the first quake released three times more energy than the second.
The dual mechanism propagation pattern present in the magnitude 8.2 earthquake wasn't wholly surprising to Fan and his team. The process was reminiscent of a similarly deep, 7.6 magnitude quake that shook the region in 1994. These recognizable patterns were a promising sign.
"To see that something is predictable, like the repeated patterns observed in the magnitude 8.2 earthquake, is very satisfying," Fan said. "It brings up the hope that we do know something about this system."
But the second earthquake, which occurred 18 days after the first, was more of a puzzle. The magnitude 7.9 convulsion struck in an area that previously experienced very little seismic activity. The distinct physical mechanisms present in the second quake shared more similarities with South American deep earthquakes than with the massive quakes that rock the South Pacific. And, puzzlingly for researchers, the magnitude 7.9 earthquake produced surprisingly few aftershocks relative to its considerable size.
Somehow, Fan said, a large earthquake was triggered in a previously aseismic region that then immediately returned to normal.
It's this triggering process that most interests Fan going forward. He said this earthquake "doublet" illustrates the dynamic and interrelated nature of deep-Earth processes and the urgent need to better understand how these complicated processes operate.
"It's important that we address the question of how large earthquakes trigger other large earthquakes that are not far away," he said. "This is a good demonstration that there seem to be physical processes involved that are still unknown. We've gradually learned to identify the pattern, but not to a degree where we know exactly how it works. I think this is important to any kind of hazard forecast. It's more than an intellectual interest. It's important for human society."
This study was funded by the Postdoctoral Scholar Program at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
Posted in: Science & Technology | Tagged: Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Science, earthquakes, faculty, Wenyuan Fan
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In our previous two blog posts on Veeam and SMB 3 we've seen how and when Veeam Backup & Replication can leverage SMB Multichannel and SMB Direct. See Veeam Backup & Replication leverages SMB Multichannel and Veeam Backup & Replication Preferred Subnet & SMB Multichannel.The benefits of this are more bandwidth, high availability, better throughput and with RDMA low latency and CPU offload. What's not to like, right? In a world where the compute and networks need keeps rising due to the storage capabilities (flash storage) pushing the limits this is all very welcome.
When it comes to ReFSv3 in Windows Server 2016 most of the focus has gone to solutions based around Storage Spaces Direct (S2D). That's a great solution and it is the poster child use case of these technologies.
In Windows Server 2016, traditional shared storage (iSCSI, FC, Shared SAS, Shared RAID) with CSV are not recommend to be used with ReFSv3. Why isn't exactly clear. The biggest impact you'll see is the performance difference when not writing to the owner node of the CSV in this use case. Even with a well configured RDMA network that difference is significant. But that doesn't mean that the performance is bad. It's just that many of the super-fast meta data operations are relatively and significantly slower when compared each other, not that any of these two are slow.
Microsoft does state that an S2D with ReFSv3 and SOFS shares can be used for archival data. Storage spaces and ReFSv3 also have the benefit of offering automatic repair of corrupt data from a redundant copy on the fly even when needed. So yes, the best know supported scenario is this one.
But what if we need a high available backup target and would love to leverage ReFSv3 with Veeam Backup & Replication 9.5? Well, you can have 95% of your cookie and eat it to. All this without ignoring the cautions offered.
We could set up SOFS shares on a Windows Server 2016 Cluster with ReFSv3 with traditional shared storage. Some storage vendors do state this is supported actually.
That only means you don't have the auto repair functionality ReFSv3 combined with storage spaces offers. But perhaps you want to avoid the risk of using ReFSv3 with CSV in a non S2D scenario all together. What you could do is forgo ReFSv3 and use NTFS. How well this will work for archival data or backup is something you'll need to test and find out how well this holds up. There is not much info is out there, only other cautions and warnings that might keep you up at night.
There is another scenario however and that is using Windows Server 2016 failover clustering to set up continuously available general purpose file shares that leverage SMB3 transparent failover.
The good news is that general purpose file shares (no CSV) do work consistently with ReFSv3 because such a share/LUN is only exposed on one cluster node at the time, the owner. By having multiple shares and setting preferred owners we can load balance the workload across all cluster nodes.
Thank to continuous availability for general file shares and SMB 3 transparent failover we can still get a high available backup target this way. The failover is fast enough to make this happen and all we see with Veeam Backup & Replication is a short pause in throughput before it resumes after failover. To put the icing on the cake, you can leverage SMB multichannel SMB Direct for both backup and restores.
I would take a sizeable whitepaper to walk through the setup so instead I'll show you a a quick video of a POC we did in the lab here https://vimeo.com/212886392.
If you want to learn more come to the community & other conferences I'm speaking at and will be around for Ask The Experts time opportunities. I'll be at the German Hyper-V community meet up, The Cloud & Datacenter Conference in Germany 2017, Dell EMC World 2017 and last but not least VeeamON 2017 (see May 2017 will be a travelling month).
Potentially there is one big loss in regards to the capabilities of ReFSv3 with this solution when you are not using storage spaces. This is that you lose the capability to automatic repair of corrupt data. The ability of ReFSv3 to do so is tied into the redundant copies of Storage Spaces (parity/mirror).
That's fine, the strength of this design is that you get the speed and space efficiencies of ReFSv3and high available backup targets in way more scenarios than "just" S2D. After all, not everyone is in a position to choose their storage fabric for backup targets green field or at will. But they might be able to leverage existing storage and opt to use SMB 3 for their data transport.
So even if you can't have it all, you can still build very good solutions. It offers ReFSv3 benefits and high availability for your backup target via transparent failover with SMB transparent failover on continuous available general purpose file shares. This also only requires Windows Server 2016 Standard Edition, which is a cost saving. You get to leverage SMB Multichannel and SMB Direct. All this while not ignoring the cautions of using ReFSv3 in certain scenarios.
On top of that, if you use NTFS with this approach it will also work for Windows Server 2012 (R2) as the OS for the backup target cluster hosts.
I do not work for or at Microsoft, nor am I perfect or infallible just because I'm an MVP. You'll have to do your own testing and validation. From our testing and without ReFSv3 bugs ruining the show, to me this is a very valid and cost effective approach.
In this Episode Carsten and I look at a single host deployment with Storage Spaces on Windows Server 2016. We create a "Hybrid" disk just like in Storage Spaces Direct by combining SSD & HDD in a storage Tier. We were very happy to discover that ReFSv3.1 does real time tiering.
We're very excited about this because we want to leverage the benefits if Veeam Backup & Replication 9.5 brings by leveraging ReFSv3.1 (Block Cloning) in regards to backup transformation actions and Grandfather-Father-Son (GFS) spaces savings. To do so we're looking at our options to get these benefits and capabilities leveraging affordable yet performant storage for our backup targets. S2D is one such option but might be cost prohibitive or overkill in certain environments.


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Once I Was a Beehive
by Excel Entertainment
DVD SKU 5146678
Available Movie Formats
DVD SKU 5146678 $9.99
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Lane Speer is a 16 year old girl who spends her family vacations camping in the mountains. She takes the memories for granted until she loses her father to an unexpected bout with cancer. Only a year later, as Lane is still reeling from her father's death, her mother remarries a guy that Lane hardly knows. Worst of all, he is a Mormon. To top it off, while they are on their honeymoon, they arrange to have her stay with her Mormon step-aunt who takes her away to a bible-themed girls camp with a bunch of young Mormon girls. Confronted with memories of camping with her family, she tries to find peace with her new surroundings and deal with the death of her father.
Happy Campers: Meet the Cast
Music Video: Together
Region: All regions
Run Time: 94 min.
Subtitles: English, Spanish, Portuguese
Excel Entertainment
Excel Entertainment is the preeminent independent film distribution company in Utah, and though largely known for its Mormon-themed films (God's Army, The Work & the Glory series, 17 Miracles, Pride & Prejudice, etc.), Excel has also had success releasing films with non-Mormon themes and stories (Forever Strong, Saints & Soldiers, etc.).
Although the technology and means by which audiences consume films is changing rapidly, the demand for highly creative storytelling that motivates us to live up to the light that each of us has been given is as high as ever. We feel a deep obligation to not only bring stories of hope to the world, but to promote films with high standards of craftsmanship reflective of a belief in a divine and benevolent creator.
View more products by Excel Entertainment
By Sharon, Submitted on 2018-08-29
This movie is fun, especially for those of us who have been beehives and have attended girls camp. I love that the main character in the movie is a non-member who went to camp with the group. There are cheesy parts for sure, but I feel like it was well done over all. The main girl does a pretty good job acting. Every young woman should see this movie, maybe the guys wouldn't get so much out of it, but it is a fun family movie.
By Ruthann , Submitted on 2017-10-10
My whole family loves this film. My six year old daughter is totally in love with it. She watches it several times a week, knows the lines, and sings along with the songs. We're going to have to buy a few extra copies because she's just about worn out the last one. I wish Deseret Book sold the soundtrack as well.
Thank you for a wonderful family film. ❤
A fun summer movie!
By Ashley , Submitted on 2016-01-04
This movie brings back so many good memories of girl's camp in the mountains! This is a must see for anyone who has attended an LDS girls camp. This movie would be perfect to watch before or after camp, it's uplifting and fun.
Refreshing, Smart, Well Done, and Down Right Giddy
By Anonymous, Submitted on 2015-12-31
Surpassed our expectations! We loved it completely!
Loved it! A definite must see!
By Franco, Submitted on 2015-12-07
We were so disappointed this never came to our city when it was in the theaters so we made sure to get it the day it was released on DVD. We had all the Beehives over to watch it and they loved it. There was lots of laughing and a few tears as well. My four sons and our extended family of boys also watched the movie and enjoyed it. A definite must see!
The Cokeville Miracle
T. C. Christensen
Go Films, Three Coin Productions
Just Let Go
Mormon Tabernacle Choir: Ke...
The Christmas Dragon
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Candlelight Media Group

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This unique men's ring features a natural Alaskan Gold Nugget center set in a heavy 14k gold mount with smaller nuggets studding the shank. The gold nuggets are framed with a matte finish black antiquing. Less than 1% of Gold in circulation is in the natural nugget form, and only a small fraction of these nuggets are from Alaska. Very rare and very durable.


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HPD Shares Payoff from $670M Gambling Bust
By News Release @ 5:01 PM :: 6755 Views :: Gambling, Police
$1.3 Million In Forfeiture Funds Delivered to HPD
News Release from US Attorney for Dist of Hawaii, October 31, 2016
HONOLULU -- United States Attorney Florence T. Nakakuni (third from left in attached photo), Homeland Security Investigations Special Agent-in-Charge Joanna K. Ip (second from left), United States Marshal Gervin K. Miyamoto (fourth from left), Federal Bureau of Investigation Assistant Special Agent-in-Charge Tuan M. Nguyen (third from right) and Internal Revenue Service Supervisory Special Agent David Meisenheimer (second from right) today delivered a $1,310,469.86 check to Chief Louis M. Kealoha and Vice Division Lt. Phillip Johnson (far left) of the Honolulu Police Department (HPD), as a portion of the funds equitably shared with HPD, resulting from forfeited assets. The payment was part of a total of over $2.8 million the Department of Justice delivered to HPD from forfeitures in the investigation and prosecution of an internet gambling operation which also committed money laundering and tax violations.
United States Attorney Nakakuni said that starting in 2009, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Internal Revenue Service, Homeland Security Investigations and the Honolulu Police Department conducted a joint undercover investigation into a large-scale internet gambling operation. According to information produced in court, the investigation revealed that, between 2005 and 2012, the illegal operation, established by Allen Yamada and led by Felix Tom, placed gross wagers totaling over approximately $670 million through internet websites based in Costa Rica.
U.S. Attorney Nakakuni said that according to law enforcement investigations, in the last several years, dozens of internet bookmakers have come into existence, many of whom are located in foreign countries where bookmaking activities are not illegal. These bookmakers direct their activities toward bettors in the United States, who are interested in gambling on American sporting events such as baseball, football, and basketball.
The prosecution identified in excess of 20 agents located primarily on Oahu. The investigation also revealed that many agents also recruited sub-agents (lower-level bookies or runners), who also had their own client base. A total of 26 defendants, including Yamada and Tom, pled guilty to gambling, tax, and/or money laundering offenses. The case was prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorney Larry L. Butrick (far right in photo).


Who is Mia Sulley from Absolutely Ascot?
Mia Sulley is one of the cast members of the new ITV show Absolutely Ascot.
Describing herself as bubbly, glamorous, and fun, Mia is in a relationship with Alfie Best Junior during the show and is a big fan of Ladies Day at Royal Ascot.
On what to look out for in the show, which runs for eight weeks, Mia says there's plenty of drama and plenty of drinks to throw!
A: Well, there's lots to look forward to, there's plenty of drama, Ascot races, break-ups and drinks being thrown.
A: My closest mates are Chloe, Leah and Claudia – and Alfie of course, we've been together 3 months.
A: It's a fabulous day out, it's a classy day a great dressing up day. But remember not to wear anything too skimpy make sure it's below the knee and always keep your shoes on!
A: I'd say I'm bubbly, glamorous, and fun.


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Viejo Bancorp, Inc. v. Wood
Wackeen v. Malis
[Citation.]" ( Viejo Bancorp, Inc. v. Wood (1989) 217 Cal.App.3d 200, 206.) Prior to its enactment, a party…
Sayta v. Chu
"By its very terms, section 664.6 is limited to settlements reached in pending litigation." ( Viejo Bancorp,…
Full title:VIEJO BANCORP, INC., et al., Plaintiffs and Respondents, v. FRANK D. WOOD…
Court:Court of Appeal of California, Fourth District, Division Three
Date published: Apr 19, 1989
217 Cal.App.3d 200 (Cal. Ct. App. 1989)
265 Cal. Rptr. 620
Court of Appeal of California, Fourth District, Division Three
concluding that the appeal was not moot in part because such a ruling would "leave unanswered the propriety of the award of $22,000 in attorney's fees"
Summary of this case from Forde v. Entous
See 9 Summaries
Docket Nos. G004798, G005420.
Appeal from Superior Court of Orange County, Nos. 478500 and 481803, Judith M. Ryan, Judge.
Bird, Marella, Boxer, Wolpert Matz, A. Howard Matz, Robert J. Rose, Mark T. Drooks, Duffern H. Helsing and Halina F. Osinski for Defendants and Appellants.
Bryan, Cave, McPheeters McRoberts, Todd M. Sloan, Agatha M. Melamed, Ellyn J. Stein, Miller, Boyko Bell, Roy Morrow Bell, Mary V. Goodhue and Barbara A. Maggio for Plaintiffs and Respondents.
SCOVILLE, P.J.
Defendant Frank D. Wood (Wood) appeals from a judgment purporting to enforce a written settlement agreement. At issue is whether a motion to enforce a settlement agreement under Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 may be considered in an action other than the action in which the settlement was made. We hold it may not, and reverse the judgment.
Defendants are Frank D. Wood, individually and as trustee of the Frank D. Wood Living Trust, and the Frank D. Wood Living Trust. For convenience only, we refer to them collectively as Frank Wood.
Wood is a founder and former chief executive officer of Viejo Bancorp, Inc., and Mission Viejo National Bank (Bank). In 1984 Wood became embroiled in a bitter dispute with other Bank officers over management of Bank affairs. Unable to resolve the dispute internally, Wood, Bank and the directors sued each other for damages, indemnity and other relief in four separate actions (the old action).
In March 1985 the parties entered into a written settlement of the old action. The agreement provided the old action would be dismissed and for a period of 18 months Wood would, among other things, assist Bank in its dealings with federal and state regulators, vote his stock in favor of management and its slate of candidates, and refrain from filing lawsuits against Bank. It also provided that if Bank failed to raise $600,000 in additional capital within six months of the execution of the agreement, the agreement would no longer be binding on Wood. Finally, it provided the parties could take action in law or equity to enforce their rights under the agreement, and the prevailing party would be entitled to costs and attorney's fees. On execution of the agreement, the old action was dismissed with prejudice.
In January 1986 Bank filed a new action against Wood for breach of contract and damages (the new action). Bank alleged that since August 1985 Wood had "continuously and purposefully breached both the intent and spirit" of the settlement agreement. Bank requested an order declaring the agreement enforceable, and an order enjoining Wood from violating the terms and conditions of the settlement.
A separate action for damages filed by William T. Brady, chief executive officer of Bank, was consolidated with Bank's action.
In May 1986 Bank made a motion in the new action under Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 to enforce the settlement agreement. Although the trial court stated the motion "could and should have been brought" in the old action, it reasoned that since "there will be no prejudice to the involved parties and because, based on the court's analysis on the merits, the result would be the same, the court treats the current motion as having been filed" in the old action. The court granted the motion and judgment was entered in the new action on September 10, 1986. The judgment provided, however, that it "shall be deemed to relate back" to the old action.
Under the settlement agreement, Wood's obligations expired September 19, 1986, or 18 months after the agreement was executed. Bank filed a motion to extend the agreement for one year arguing Wood had breached the agreement, Bank had not received a full 18 months of performance, and Bank was therefore entitled to an extension of the agreement until September 18, 1987. Wood denied breaching the agreement, and claimed Bank was the breaching party. (1) (See fn. 3.) The court found Wood breached the settlement agreement and ordered it extended for a period of one year. The court also ordered Wood to pay Bank attorney's fees of more than $22,000.
After the briefs were filed, Wood moved to augment the record with additional declarations and documents to prove Bank had breached the settlement agreement. (Cal. Rules of Court, rule 12(a).) The motion is denied. Even if the 1986 amendment to rule 12 permits a party to augment the record on appeal with new evidence which was not before the trial court, which we doubt, the request here is inappropriate. The clear purpose of the motion is to encourage this court to make factual findings contrary to those made by the trial court. (Code Civ. Proc., § 909) Under the facts of this case, we decline to do so. The fact-finding power of the appellate court should be exercised sparingly, and it should not be used on a general reversal. (9 Witkin, Cal. Procedure (3d ed. 1985) Appeal, § 653, at p. 633.)
Wood appeals the judgment, the extension of the term of the judgment, and the award of attorney's fees.
DISCUSSION I
Before turning to the merits, we dispose of two threshold issues raised by the parties: appealability and mootness.
(2) Wood contends the judgment, which was entered in the still pending new action, is appealable even though it does not finally conclude the new action. We agree. "Although the law relating to appealability speaks in terms of orders or judgments," it is well established "that it is not the label but rather the substance and effect of a court's judgment or order which determines whether or not it is appealable. [Citation.]" ( In re Marriage of Loya (1987) 189 Cal.App.3d 1636, 1638 [ 235 Cal.Rptr. 198].) Here, it is clear the trial court intended to effect a final judgment in the old action. Since the intended substance and effect of the judgment is to finally dispose of the old action, the judgment is appealable under Code of Civil Procedure section 904.1, subdivision (a). It is also appealable even though we ultimately conclude the judgment is void. ( Conservatorship of Romo (1987) 190 Cal.App.3d 279, 283 [ 235 Cal.Rptr. 377]; 9 Witkin, Cal. Procedure (3d ed. 1985) Appeal, § 133, at p. 142.) Finally, we note the subsequent orders extending the term of the agreement and awarding Bank attorney's fees are appealable under Code of Civil Procedure section 904.1, subdivision (b), as orders made after an appealable judgment.
(3) Bank argues the appeal should be dismissed as moot because the settlement agreement has by its own terms expired, and any reversal of the judgment would be without practical effect. Bank relies on County of Los Angeles v. Butcher (1957) 155 Cal.App.2d 744 [ 318 P.2d 838] and Covina Union High School v. California Interscholastic Federation (1934) 136 Cal.App. 588 [ 29 P.2d 323].
While it is true the agreement has expired, an appeal will not be dismissed as moot if " any material question remains to be determined." (9 Witkin, Cal. Procedure (3d ed. 1985) Appeal, § 525, pp. 507-509, italics in original.) A material question exists when the judgment, if left unreversed, would preclude a party from litigating its liability on an issue still in controversy. ( Motown Record Corp. v. Brockert (1984) 160 Cal.App.3d 123, 128 [207 Cal.Rptr. 574]; 9 Witkin, op. cit. supra, at pp. 507-509.) Unlike Covina and Butcher, where time muted the need to resolve the only issue, the validity of an injunction, the judgment here effectively prevents Wood from litigating the key issue in the new action: liability. Whether Wood breached the agreement, a fact "resolved" by the trial court, is a material question which forms the basis of Bank's claim for damages. A finding that the appeal is moot would also leave unanswered the propriety of the award of $22,000 in attorney's fees for bringing the motion. Under all the circumstances, we conclude the appeal should not be dismissed as moot.
(4a) We turn to the primary issue, that is whether a motion to enforce a settlement agreement under Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 may be made in an action other than the action in which the settlement was made.
Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 provides: "If parties to pending litigation stipulate, in writing or orally before the court, for settlement of the case, or part thereof, the court, upon motion, may enter judgment pursuant to the terms of the settlement." By its very terms, section 664.6 is limited to settlements reached in pending litigation. Indeed, the very purpose of this section is to permit a court, via a summary proceeding, to finally dispose of an action when the existence of the agreement or the terms of the settlement are subject to reasonable dispute, something not permissible before the statute's enactment. ( Corkland v. Boscoe (1984) 156 Cal.App.3d 989, 994 [ 203 Cal.Rptr. 356].)
Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 is unavailable here since the old action was not pending at the time the court sought to enter judgment. On execution of the settlement agreement, the old action was voluntarily dismissed by the parties. An action which is voluntarily dismissed in its entirety is no longer pending. (Code Civ. Proc., § 1049) Even though the trial court was persuaded Wood had breached the agreement, the court's resolution of this factual issue did not permit it to enter judgment in the old action. In short, in the absence of a motion under Code of Civil Procedure section 473 to vacate the dismissal, the court was without subject matter jurisdiction of the old action. (2 Witkin, Cal. Procedure (3d ed. 1985) Jurisdiction, § 336, p. 755; Tarvin v. Tarvin (1986) 187 Cal.App.3d 56, 60 [ 232 Cal.Rptr. 13] .)
Bank relies on the theory, first advanced by the trial court, that Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 only requires an action to be pending when the parties enter into the agreement. It does not require the action to be pending when the court seeks to enter the judgment. We disagree. This is an issue of subject matter jurisdiction. And whether an action is pending and the court has concurrent jurisdiction to act is an issue which must be determined at the time the court seeks to act. Because the old action was no longer pending at the time the court sought to enter the judgment reviewed here, the court was without subject matter jurisdiction.
However, Bank claims the court retained jurisdiction to enter judgment under Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 even though the old action was dismissed, relying on Casa De Valley View Owner's Assn. v. Stevenson (1985) 167 Cal.App.3d 1182 [ 213 Cal.Rptr. 790]. But that case is clearly inapposite because there the parties filed a partial dismissal of the old action, the trial court was never ousted of subject matter jurisdiction, and thus it had the power to perform further acts in the old action. Here, on the other hand, the court lost subject matter jurisdiction when the parties filed a voluntary dismissal of the entire cause. Since subject matter jurisdiction cannot be conferred by consent, waiver, or estoppel, the court cannot "retain" jurisdiction it has lost. (2 Witkin, Cal. Procedure (3d ed. 1985) Jurisdiction, § 10, pp. 374-375; Summers v. Superior Court (1959) 53 Cal.2d 295, 298 [ 1 Cal.Rptr. 324, 347 P.2d 668].)
Next it is argued the court could recapture subject matter jurisdiction because Wood was estopped from asserting lack of jurisdiction. Of course, subject matter jurisdiction may not be conferred by estoppel (2 Witkin, Cal. Procedure (3d ed. 1985) Jurisdiction, § 10, pp. 374-375). The trial court reasoned: "The majority of cases which are settled contemplate dismissal of the pending action(s). To adopt [Wood's position] would place a party settling in good faith who, as part of the performance of the settlement, agrees to dismissal of the action without the expedient remedy to enforce the settlement envisioned by the legislature. A party in [Wood's] position could agree as part of the settlement to dismiss an action and then avoid further performance under the settlement agreement, arguing, as here, that no motion can be made to enforce the settlement because the court has been ousted of jurisdiction. Thus, not only would a party in [Bank's] position be denied the benefits of the bargained for settlement but would be denied the means of enforcing same without further protracted litigation."
While the court points out the weakness in the settlement agreement as it was drafted, the simple answer is that no one forced Bank to agree to a settlement which provided for dismissal of the old action. As the parties certainly recognized, not all settlements contemplate a dismissal of the underlying action. Bank could have protected itself from Wood's alleged infidelity by refusing to agree to that provision. It did not. No matter how toothless the agreement may seem in retrospect, it is not the province of the trial court to rewrite it and put in the teeth the complaining side now thinks it should have had. ( Apra v. Aureguy (1961) 55 Cal.2d 827, 830-831 [ 13 Cal.Rptr. 177, 361 P.2d 897].) Bank's remedy, if any, was to move to vacate the dismissal. (Code Civ. Proc., § 473)
In an attempt to uphold the judgment, Bank argues the court always has the inherent power to enter judgments nunc pro tunc, relying on Young v. Gardner-Denver Co. (1966) 244 Cal.App.2d 915 [ 53 Cal.Rptr. 522]. But Young merely stands for the proposition that the court may correct a clerical error in the judgment nunc pro tunc. ( Gravert v. DeLuse (1970) 6 Cal.App.3d 576, 581 [ 86 Cal.Rptr. 93].) We wonder, and Bank fails to point out, what clerical error the trial court was correcting here.
We disagree with Bank's assertion that the trial court's interpretation of Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 is "consistent with its remedial purposes." Prior to the enactment of section 664.6, a party who sought to enforce a settlement agreement could file a separate action for specific performance, or could seek leave to file a supplemental pleading in the first action. ( Gregory v. Hamilton (1978) 77 Cal.App.3d 213, 215, 217-218 [ 142 Cal.Rptr. 563].) If there was a dispute as to the terms of the agreement or whether an agreement had been made, Gregory held those issues could be tried in a summary proceeding, noting that, "Equitable relief may be obtained by the summary remedy of a motion in an already existing action. [Citation.]" ( Gregory v. Hamilton, 77 Cal.App.3d at p. 220, italics added.) No mention was made, nor do we think Gregory intended to suggest, that this summary motion could be made in a dismissed action or in a separate action for specific performance.
(5) As explained by the appellate court in Varwig v. Leider (1985) 171 Cal.App.3d 312, 315-316 [ 217 Cal.Rptr. 208]: "Parties to a compromise agreement have been allowed to enforce their settlements by making a motion to have judgment entered in the underlying lawsuit in accordance with the terms agreed to by the parties. This procedure furthers the public policy favoring settlements by removing the necessity of the filing of a separate lawsuit to enforce the parties' agreement. . . . [¶] However, until a party seeks to enforce a compromise agreement and to have judgment entered thereon, the underlying lawsuit has not finally been disposed of although the parties may in fact be bound by a valid and enforceable settlement contract. . . . [¶] . . . A dismissal . . . will not . . . adversely affect the agreement between the parties. Such agreements are contracts and are governed by the general principles of contract law. [Citation.] The parties will retain their right to seek to specifically enforce their settlement contract even if the underlying lawsuit is dismissed. It is true that, if a separate lawsuit to enforce the agreement is filed, the purpose of encouraging settlement . . . will be defeated. The policies favoring settlement must, however, be balanced against the expressed desire of the Legislature to have litigation resolved in a reasonably expeditious manner." (Italics added.)
(4b) We hold, therefore, that a motion under Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 cannot be made in a separate action to enter judgment pursuant to the terms of a settlement in a prior action. (6) (See fn. 4.) Having concluded that the judgment must be reversed, it is clear the subsequent orders, which are based on the entry of judgment, must also be set aside.
We note that even if the terms of the judgment could be extended, a court's power to make factual determinations under section 664.6 is generally limited to whether the parties entered into a valid and binding settlement agreement. (See Corkland v. Boscoe, supra, 156 Cal.App.3d at p. 994.) The power would not appear to extend, at least under the facts of this case, to whether one party had breached the terms of the agreement. Judgment may be entered under section 664.6 whether the parties are complying with the terms of the agreement or whether they are not.
The judgment is reversed.
Sonenshine, J., and Moore, J., concurred.
concluding that a motion to enforce a settlement under Code of Civil Procedure section 664.6 was not available because the original action was no longer pending; "in the absence of a motion under Code of Civil Procedure section 473 to vacate the dismissal, the court was without subject matter jurisdiction of the old action."
Summary of this case from Howard v. Hartford Accident & Indem. Co. (In re Estate of Howard)
In Viejo Bancorp, the parties had entered into a settlement agreement to resolve four separate matters, and the litigation was then dismissed.
Summary of this case from Sayta v. Chu
In Viejo Bancorp, Inc. v. Wood (1989) 217 Cal.App.3d 200, 206-208 [ 265 Cal.Rptr. 620] (Viejo Bancorp), the court held that a motion under section 664.6 to enforce a settlement reached in prior litigation may not be brought in a subsequent action.
Summary of this case from Critzer v. Enos
In Viejo Bancorp, for example, parties to the action had agreed to a settlement of the case, and the action was dismissed.
Summary of this case from Walton v. Mueller
In Viejo Bancorp, Inc. v. Wood (1989) 217 Cal.App.3d 200 [265 Cal.Rptr. 620], the court explained: " 'Although the law relating to appealability speaks in terms of orders or judgments,' it is well established 'that it is not the label but rather the substance and effect of a court's judgment or order which determines whether or not it is appealable.
Summary of this case from Alan v. American Honda Motor Co., Inc.
In Viejo Bancorp, supra, 217 Cal.App.3d 200, as in this case, the parties to a pending lawsuit reached a settlement, pursuant to which the case was dismissed with prejudice. Later one party filed a new action alleging breach of the settlement, and moved for enforcement under section 664.6.
Summary of this case from Hagan Engineering, Inc. v. Mills
In Viejo Bancorp, Inc. v. Wood, supra, 217 Cal.App.3d 200 (" Viejo Bancorp"), the court was presented with a situation in which the parties had entered into a settlement agreement to resolve four separate actions ("the old action"), and following execution of the settlement agreement, the old action was dismissed by the plaintiffs in its entirety.
Summary of this case from Wackeen v. Malis
In Viejo Bancorp, Inc., supra, relied upon by Magan, the appeal was from a judgment enforcing a written settlement agreement pursuant to section 664.
Summary of this case from Doran v. Magan


text:
O Secretariado da Propaganda Nacional - SPN, foi criado em 26 de Outubro de 1933 pelo governo de  Salazar, tendo-lhe sucedido em 1945 o Secretariado Nacional de Informação - SNI.

Desempenhou, durante os primeiros doze anos do governo de Salazar, um papel activo na divulgação do ideário nacionalista e na padronização da cultura e das artes do regime do Estado Novo, secundado pela actuação dos serviços de censura.

Entre 1935 e 1951 promoveu as Exposições de Arte Moderna do S.P.N./S.N.I. que tiveram um importante papel renovador na vida artística nacional, contrariando o tradicionalismo naturalista que dominava os Salões da SNBA. Entre as suas múltiplas iniciativas contam-se as participações nacionais em grandes Feiras Internacionais (Paris, 1937; Nova Iorque e S. Francisco, 1939); o S.P.N. esteve estreitamente ligado à organização da Exposição do Mundo Português (1940).

Tinha sede no Palácio Foz, Praça dos Restauradores, Lisboa. Foi dirigido por António Ferro, um jornalista, publicista e escritor simpatizante das soluções autoritárias e totalitárias da Europa de então (sobretudo do Fascismo mussoliniano)

Ligações externas

Propaganda do Estado Novo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Daydream Away > The Barrio
The Barrio
I'm always being asked, "Who do you hang out with down there in Costa Rica? Are there any other expats? How did they end up there?" We're a mixed group. And a great one, I assure you! Here are the faces of our now infamous little "barrio cerca de la ancla."
Lisa and Mau
Lisa Farrell Barrera spent 19 long years riding the subway every day from her Brooklyn home to her job in Manhattan. A popular, successful businesswoman, Lisa could've easily stayed in NYC for the rest of her life. But she listened to one nagging doubt that just wouldn't seem to let go. "Every morning when the B train travelled over the Brooklyn Bridge," Lisa says, "I'd look down at the South Street Seaport boats and wonder what I'd be doing if I had a boat, where I'd be going." On February 29, 2004, she took off and never looked back. Her destination? California, to create a more active lifestyle near the beach. But first, she wanted to take her dive masters course in Costa Rica. "At the end of the course, I was hired at the dive shop," she says. "My work attire went from business suits and heels to bikinis, board shorts and flip-flops. And my 'office' was underwater! It was a dream come true." Her fairy-tale, however, wasn't over: There, she met local dive master Mauricio Barrera. "We married on the beach in 2007 and started a sportfishing/surf trip business here on the Papagayo Gulf," she says of her and Mauricio's North Pacific Tours. These days, she works remotely for the NYC company she left behind, and she and Mau spend their free time booking, preparing for and guiding tours on their boat, the Don Manuel.
A long-time sports buff from mountainous Evergreen, Colorado, ESPN Marketing Manager, Brynn Gottsman seemed an unlikely candidate for settling down in beachy Coco. In LA and NYC, she lived a glam world of VIP parties and events – plus the late nights spent in the office preparing for them. After an especially exhausting six-day Super Bowl XL affair, the decision was made for her: Brynn and Dad headed south for some R & R. "I quickly decided that I wasn't going back," she says. "After my dad left, I met a writer for Let's Go Travel, and we blazed through Costa Rica, researching every beach town in Guanacaste and causing trouble." Within a few months, she connected with an event planner at Tropical Occasions who neede d someone young and energetic like Brynn to concentrate on weddings. "I got to apply my event-planning skills, but with excited brides instead of corporate gurus," she says. "Between the Let's Go Travel trip and location-scouting to plan 'I dos,' I got to know Costa Rica inside and out. Now, I can't imagine life outside of Pura Vida! I mean, I throw parties in Costa Rica. Could you ask for anything more?"
A spunky tennis pro for the Four Seasons, Denise Fernandez was transferred to Costa Rica from the Virgin Islands five years ago. After a quick stint in Coco — and a whirlwind romance with her future husband, a Tico — she moved to inland Liberia. Now single and back down in Coco, she's the newest member of the barrio, even newer than me! "All the girls are right here; I love it!" she says. "With a quick look, I can tell whose light is on and thus who's home to chat. When I come home from work every day, I honk, and whoever's around comes out to greet me. We get a kick out of being right on top of each other!" Denise is known for her fun dance moves, hamming it up for the camera, and getting the girls together on the stoop for "once" wine and cheese. All of this, when she isn't playing tennis with the Papagayo resort's VIP clients. "I don't mind the heat and sun, but I do admit that I enjoy playing my doubles matches twice a week at night," she says. "It almost seems easy in comparison!" Her parents hail from Santiago, Chile, so the native Spanish speaker fits right into Costa Rica, where she plans to file for permanent residency in May. "I never want to leave," she says. "I considered going back to Saskatchewon, where I grew up, but I just can't imagine leaving. I think I'm a Costa Rican for life!"
Looking back, Kelsey Hill's first week in Costa Rica sounds more like survival camp than the start of a new life. "I was by myself," she says. "It was raining and thundering so hard that the electricity was out, and I had no radio, TV, car, computer or phone. The house was shaking, and the howler monkeys were so loud that I thought wild animals were going to eat me." The avid reader had a simple deadline for bucking up: "I had brought 12 books with me; after seven days under the covers reading, they were done, and I told myself, 'Ok, you've got to go out now.'" The trip had come about (quickly) after a friend of hers mentioned a house in Costa Rica for rent — that week. "For some reason, I said, 'Ok,'" she says. "Thirty days later, I sold everything I owned for pennies on the dollar and had friends frantically packing for me in the States. I was going to have an adventure." Within a few weeks, Kelsey, who wasn't even sure she wanted to work right away, had a gig at Coco's Exclusive Resorts as Chief Concierge. "I just kind of figured it out," she says, "and have been running ever since." Now, Kelsey is Club Manager for the posh Pacifico Beach Club and Restaurant. "My friends expected me to come back in six months with my tail between my legs," she says. "But when I got my first dog, Koa, they started asking, 'You're not coming home, are you?'"
Ana and Alex
A native of San Jose, Ana Poirier spent her childhood in Costa Rica before landing with her mother in British Columbia. "She's fair-skinned Irish and always told me I just had a nice tan," Ana says. "When I was in my 30s, I found out I was adopted and that I was actually Tica! I always had a hunch." Ana's son Dustin, 23, and daughter, Carla, 27, are both living in Costa Rica now, too. "Can you blame them?" she says. "Carla spends time in both places, and Dustin's settled right in, working in San Jose. I love when they come to Coco to visit. Oh, do I have stories about some of those trips!" Ana's boyfriend, Alex, who's from El Salvador, puts up with us girls and our annoying talks of shoes and wine (in English, no less) more than any other guy. "We have a good time," she says. Currently, Ana works as a concierge at Pacifico Beach Club. "Like most working stiffs in Costa Rica, I work six days a week," she says. "But it's worth it to stay here. I love Canada, but I'm just not going back."


text:
Q: aTop like tool for OSX I'm trying to debug some issues with my Mac. This machine is used as continuous integration server. It stops responding from time to time. I think it could be some software issue, since the machine is working (so i.e. it's not a kernel panic) - that is when I go to the server room I see the login screen and I can move the mouse. Unfortunately I can't login neither directly nor by VNC or SSH.
There is a nice tool that helps in debugging this type of problem called aTop. It's like top but with history. Unfortunately it's Linux-only software.
Is there any tool that is similar to aTop for OSX?

A: You may wanna try htop. In the homepage it says it's "htop - an interactive process viewer for Linux", but it actually also works for OS X.

A: You may want to try sysdig for recording and digging into what is happening on a server: brew install sysdig.

A: glances is a good alternative to atop for Mac. It has almost all features of atop and has several extensions as well. Users can also easily build new extensions on top of it. You can disable/enable logging history.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
A collection of the best of pop culture: lists about movies, books, songs, and TV.
Random Features
Top 10 Animated Movies for Halloween
Best Horror-Themed Animations for Kids and the Whole Family
Halloween isn't easy if you have kids in the house, but there are some great kid-friendly animations for Halloween that are also fun for adults to watch. None of these animated Halloween horror movies will cause nightmares - they are all comedy films. All of these animations are suitable for kids and the whole family, so have fun even with your youngest children on Halloween movie night. Here are the 10 best animated movies for Halloween:
1 - Hotel Transylvania (2012) With the voices of Kevin James, Adam Sandler, Fran Drescher, and Molly Shannon, there's nothing more Halloween than a hotel for the all monsters. Dracula runs the castle hotel, and he must protect his little ghoul from a human backpacker. Yikes! I've always been scared of backpackers.
2 - Frankenweenie (2012) Tim Burton's parody of the classic Frankenstein tale. Well done!
3 - Monster House (2006) In a "rear window" scenario, three kids discover something wrong in the house across the street.
4 - ParaNorman (2012) A boy faces ghosts and zombies to save his own small town.
5 - Scooby Doo, Where are You! (1969) Casey Kasem lends his prominent voice to this classic animation about the famous gang who ride around in the Mystery Machine and catch ghosts. Follow up with "Scooby Doo on Zombie Island."
6 - The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993) Set in Halloween-town, the great Pumpkin King slips into a new world and comes back to find new meaning in his own home, Halloween-town. I am the Pumpkin King!
7 - Monsters vs. Aliens (2009) Monsters kept by the government in Area 51 are called upon to help repel an alien invasion. The monsters are a parody including Mothra, Collossal Woman, and missing link. No idea about the mad scientist cockroach, but he is funny.
8 - Mad Monster Party (1967) Boris Karloff stars. Frankenstein assembles the Universal Monsters again to elect his replacement, as he plans to retire. Great stop-motion animation that probably inspired most of Tim Burton's work. The skeleton rock band is especially fun.
9 - The Halloween Tree (1993 ) TV movie narrated by Ray Bradbury and based on his original story. Teens must face evil to get their friends back.
10 - The Corpse Bride (2005) Johnny Depp acts in voice for Burton's third animated feature. Victor accidentally brings a corpse to life and becomes married to her. Offbeat, odd, but enjoyable.
TV shows; Groovie Ghoulies was a Saturday morning cartoon from 1970 to 1972, a spinoff from Sabrina the Teenage Witch. Both are available now on DVD.
Johnny Quest vs. the Cyber Insects (1995) is a good non-comedy straight-to-video movie with a sci-fi horror element.
For older kids or adults only - Blood: The Last Vampire (2000) anime with some graphic scenes, but highly recommended for older audiences.
Best G-Rated Horror Movies for Kids
Top 40 Songs for Halloween
Now you've got a head start on your kids' Halloween movie night. These Halloween animations are guaranteed to entertain you (without nightmares). Stay safe, sane, and sober.
Labels: animation, Halloween
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Water efficiency vital for national food security
With the world's population likely to rise by three billion people by 2050, ensuring food security is high on the global agenda, particularly in light of increasing environmental challenges. An assessment of the UK's food security has just been published by DEFRA, in which water scarcity is highlighted as an important issue. The assessment highlights that improved water efficiency is required to increase cereal yields per unit of water.
The full news article can be viewed on the Water UK website at www.water.org.uk/home/news/press-releases/fdsec
More information about DEFRA's assessment can be found on their website at
www.defra.gov.uk/news/latest/2009/food-0810.htm
Hilary Benn's decisions on water company plans leave Thames Water facing public enquiry
Water resource plans for three water companies in England, each with a significant reliance on groundwater, require further consideration in public according to Environment Secretary Hilary Benn. Thames Water's and South East Water's plans will be subject to public enquiry whilst a public hearing on Portsmouth Water's plan is proposed. It is the first time that water companies have been required to prepare, consult on, publish and maintain plans about how they will manage water resources sustainably whilst still meeting demand. The draft plans were prepared last summer and have been reviewed by the Secretary of State. Ten of the 21 water companies in England have had their plans approved for final publication, a further eight are required to supply additional information.
To read the full news article please visit DEFRA's website at www.defra.gov.uk/news/2009/090803a.htm
Wettest July since 1888 brings unsettled weather
High rainfall throughout July greatly reduced soil moisture deficits causing a notable increase in river flows and new peak July flows in some rivers in the west of the country. Groundwater levels however remain within their normal summer range as July's rainfall failed to cancel soil moisture deficits in most aquifer outcrop areas. With the rest of the summer expected to be unsettled and indications of a wet winter, groundwater recharge is expected to start much earlier than normal.
To read the full hydrological summary for the UK please visit CEH's website at
www.nwl.ac.uk/ih/nrfa/monthly_summaries/2009/07/summary.html
Underground rivers on Mars
Eruptions of boiling water from Ascraeus Mons, one of Mars' biggest volcanoes, carved sinuous channels 1-2 km wide, according to Dr John Murray of the Open University. Murray proposes that some of these channels may have been carved beneath the surface as the water flowed underground. The occurrence of a warm, wet underground environment protected from radiation provides greater opportunity for life to have developed on Mars. The idea of underground channels is not so unusual since they've already be found to exist at the Piton de la Fournaise volcano in Réunion Island.
For the full news article please visit http://planetearth.nerc.ac.uk/news/story.aspx?id=494
A warm June but groundwater levels within normal summer range
June provided warm weather and frequent showers with rainfall only just below average. However soil conditions were very dry and evaporative losses were high such that surface water run-off to rivers was generally low. Groundwater levels in most outcrop locations were also below average but within a normal summer range. Whilst Scotland and Northern Ireland have a near average January-June rainfall total, the January to June rainfall total for England and Wales appears to be the 3rd driest since 1976. The high summer and autumn rainfall in 2008 helping to sustain water resources during the dry period.
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Apple CEO Steve Jobs on Monday introduced the world to iPhone 4, the latest iteration of the company's popular smartphone. The new device was unveiled during Apple's annual Worldwide Developers Conference, and as usual, Jobs also presented a few other interesting goodies. Jobs announced that annotations and the ability to open PDFs in iBooks is coming to Apple's e-reading application. Jobs also introduced an iPhone version of iMovie, and Netflix announced that it has created a streaming app for the iPhone.
But beyond the main highlights, we saw a few interesting things that shed light on Apple as a company, its current focus, and a few claims that may truly belong to Jobs' famed reality distortion field.
Although it wasn't that surprising to see it the second time around, the fact that Apple is building its own processors for both the iPhone and the iPad is a big deal. Unlike previous partnerships with third-party chip suppliers like Intel, Apple can use its proprietary chip technology without fear of having the chip show up in a competing device several months later. That's what happened after Apple asked Intel for a super-thin chip, the Merom processor, for the MacBook Air.
It will be interesting to see how far Apple takes its chip-making capabilities. Right now, Apple is developing a mobile device processor, the A4, but will the company extend its work to include creating dual- or quad-core chips found in the MacBook Pro, iMac, and Mac Pro? And what impact could that decision have on the rest of the computer industry?
Steve Jobs took an opportunity during his keynote to confront some of the criticisms against Apple. The first issue Jobs confronted was the criticism against the App Store approval process. Jobs first noted that the App Store is a "curated platform" and not a wide open, uncontrolled platform like the Web. Jobs said Apple receives 15,000 app submissions every week, and that 95 percent of those apps are approved within 7 days.
Jobs also said that iPhone and iPad apps that get rejected are usually turned down for three reasons: the app doesn't function as advertised; the application crashes too often; or the application uses device features that Apple hasn't made available to third-party developers (private application programming interfaces). "I think if you were in our shoes," Jobs said. "You would be rejecting these apps for the same three reasons."
What Jobs didn't address, however, were the questions surrounding Apple's decision to remove apps that have adult content or some of the confusing restrictions Apple has placed on apps that use coarse language or other content Apple finds objectionable.
Jobs also took on some of the surveys claiming the iPhone's market position is weakening, such as the NPD Group's recent report that Android outsold the iPhone in the United States for the first quarter of 2010. When NPD's report was published, Apple released a statement calling NPD's conclusion into question. On Monday Jobs also fired back at these and other recent findings.
"There have been a lot of statistics floating around, market research, market share studies," Jobs said. "And some of them are okay and some of them are questionable, and I'd like to just give you two pieces of data that could help you make your own judgments about market share." Jobs then went on to quote a Nielsen study that says during the first quarter of 2010 Apple's iPhone market share was over three times that of Android's.
Of course, what Jobs didn't point out is that total market share and total numbers of units sold during a quarter are two different things. Nevertheless, Nielsen's report does in fact contradict the NPD group's assertion that Android outsold the iPhone. Nielsen says that both the iPhone and Android grew by just 2 percent during the first quarter of 2010, and therefore neither platform outsold the other.
During the WWDC keynote, Jobs said that Apple supports two platforms, the first of which is HTML 5, the computer language that governs the Web. Apple considers HTML 5 a "fully open, uncontrolled platform forged by widely respected standards bodies." Jobs claimed that Apple's browsers are in the lead in terms of supporting the full HTML 5 standards. In fact, Apple recently created a Web page showing off Safari's HTML 5 capabilities.
The problem is some are taking issue with Apple's interpretation of HTML 5. Christopher Blizzard, director of developer relations at Mozilla, the makers of the Firefox browser, recently said on his personal blog that "the demos [Apple] put up are just filled with stuff that Apple made up, aren't part of HTML5, and are only now getting to the standards process."
There are also some questions about whether Safari is truly the most HTML 5 compliant browser, as Apple claims, compared to browsers like Mozilla's Firefox. However, those criticisms were based on Safari 4, and Apple on Monday released Safari 5, the newest version of its Web browser. Apple says that with Safari 5 the company "continues to lead the way in support for HTML5." It will be interesting to see if anyone takes issue with that claim once again.
Can't get enough WWDC information? Check out PCWorld's slideshow detailing iPhone 4, a discussion on the iPhone 4's retina display and a comparison between the new iPhone versus other leading smartphones.


orchestrated by the celestial stars.
Every bottle is a poem.
Every bottle is a story.
is for me, is by me, is with me.
Scott has done it again. He has the ability to take you into his world with just his words. Great write my friend.


Less than a month to go and Christmas na! Maybe you're still thinking of gift ideas to give your friends, child's teachers, inaanaks or even pamangkins.
Last month, we had an opportunity to take a look of what Tupperware Brands Ph has in store for us this Holiday.
Isa sa plan namin ng husband ko this Christmas is to give something edible and useable to our loved ones and friends. Yung hindi lang sya ma-store sa cabinet and mag-add pa sa stuff nila. Something that they can really use and enjoy.
That's one of the reason why I love Tupperware Brands Christmas Gift Sets. They're something that's useable and consumable.
My Scents Floral Collection – Body Mist & Lotion sets, perfect for our child's teachers, titas and even to our own mothers. It is available in two scents – Rose and Sweet Lily.
Colour Collection Lipsticks – naughty or nice look? How? Kasi two-in-one lipstick sya. May pang lighter look and darker look for night retouch. Kaya all day wear na sya. Who doesn't enjoy getting a new shade of lipstick every Christmas? Lalo na if dual purpose. Perfect ito sa mga BFFs natin. Comes in 4 different shades.
Baby Care & Kids Care Sets – as a mom myself, I love receiving practical gifts, something na makakain ni Zee, maeexperience or magagamit for daily use. Kaya you can never go wrong of gifting baby essentials to our dear inaanak or pamangkin. Baby Care Plus are dermatology-tested and hypoallergenic.
More than Milk Collection – more than its cute packaging sobrang bango talaga. Feeling ko enjoy na enjoy ito ng mga kapatid natin. With almond milk and coffee extracts, kaya not just for sisters ito, ok din gift for moms, cause we all can relate? Minsan shower nalang ang me-time natin. So why not mag feeling Cleopatra minsan with milk bath wash.
You know what I love most when we consider Tupperware Brands Products? we're able to support one mom who sells from the catalogue. "The mom or woman selling from a catalogue" let's buy from small businesses, start-ups, mompreneurs this Christmas.
Order this gift sets from your Tupperware Agent or Distributor.


text:
SCOOTNROLL REMAINS UNDEFEATED AFTER WINNING POCONO FEATURE
WILKES-BARRE PA – The sophomore pacing colt Scootnroll, unraced at two, remained undefeated in seven career starts with a 1:52.3 victory in a $10,400 conditioned pace at The Downs at Mohegan Sun Pocono on Tuesday afternoon.
A son of Roll With Joe out of the $800G+-winning mare Billmar Scooter, Scootnroll opened his career with five wins in Excelsior B races throughout New York State, including a 1:52.1 win at Vernon Downs. Purchased before his next start by Rick and Geoffrey Howles and now under the care of John Hallett, Scootnroll won an overnight at Tioga easily, and upon coming to Pocono was reunited with driver Tyler Buter, his regular pilot in New York.
Roll With Dom made the lead by the :28.2 quarter; both favored Scootnroll and second choice P-Drive Hanover were soon afterward on the move, with "P-Drive" first making the top and then Buter keeping his horse in high gear to gain command by the :56.1 half. There was no further threat to Scootnroll on this day – after the 1:24.4 three-quarters, the unbeaten colt came home in :27.4 to wind up 4¼ lengths to the good of P-Drive Hanover.
The Napolitano brothers, Anthony and George Jr., again were the big winners on the card, each coming home first three times. Anthony completed the four-card week with twelve winning drives; George, the leading driver at both The Downs and Harrah's Philly, continues in amazing form – he has won 251 races over the last four months, which can be compared with the recent record of Aaron Merriman, by far the winningest driver in North America again this year, and who won 261 races over the same four months.
Racing resumes Saturday at 12:30 p.m., with a $218,268.10 carryover for the Rainbow Pick 5 pool (won by having a unique ticket on the last five winners on the card).


text:
Written by Isaac Morehouse
Praxis is a New Combination
In an interview for This Week in Startups founder and investor Peter Thiel described three kinds of innovation. The first is a truly breakthrough technology unlike anything seen before. Bitcoin is an example. The second is a marginal improvement on an existing technology or process. The mobile phone market has seen most of its innovation in this manner. The final category is a brand new combination of existing technologies and processes. A unique way to coordinate and combine stuff that's already here to produce an end result that has never existed. That is precisely what Praxis is.
We've taken a host of existing technologies, ideas, resources, and processes to create a truly novel combination. We've combined the age-old process of on-the-job learning with the immense value of abstract principles and self-improvement. We've removed the time and money barriers that prevent people from getting that on-the-job learning until they've spent years and many thousands on less valuable stuff. We've combined the power of curated, self-paced online content with intense, real-time interpersonal interaction and engagement. We've combined the notion of a signal of knowledge, skill, and value with the insight gained in face-to-face conversation. We've adapted the old European practice of oral exams in order to assess and validate knowledge. We've made value created the predominant signal of potential to create value with self-driven portfolios.
We've broken down the barrier between work and education; learning and doing; playing and building. We've combined talent identification and recruitment and job placement with liberal arts education and business education and professional development. We've combined a network of small businesses and entrepreneurs hungry for talent with a network of young people hungry for experience. We've merged the roles of headhunters, jobs boards, educational institutions, career workshops, philosophy seminars, coaching, and put it all in a self-directed package. We've added self-exploration with the acquisition of valuable skills and knowledge so you don't have to "find yourself" and then work or study, or vice versa. You can find yourself while working and studying.
We've created an entirely new path from where you are to where you want to be; to the kind of career and life that makes you come alive; to a vibrant mind with big ideas and a work ethic and habits that can execute on them.
It's all so simple. All the pieces already exist. Apprenticeships have been around. Internships have been around. Online learning has been around. Personal coaching and mentoring have been around. Virtual communities and videoconferencing have been around. Oral exams have been around. Job-shadowing has been around. Skills workshops have been around. Professional development has been around. Communities of self-directed learners have been around. Seminars on entrepreneurship and startup basics have been around. Growing businesses eager for talent have been around. Smart, hard-working young people eager for more than just a dull education-to-career conveyor belt have been around. Praxis is the first to combine these in our own unique, original way.
We've built something special. I wouldn't have dropped everything and poured my heart and soul into anything less than a huge innovation. I'm not an inventor or tech wiz. But anyone with vision and a lot of work can identify a lot of existing stuff and create powerful new combinations.
Join us if you want to be a part of it.
Meet Praxis Grad Randi Hill
Why Customer Success is the Ultimate Launchpad for Your Career
How to Create a Month-Long Project Showcasing Anything (a case study)
Isaac Morehouse
Isaac is the Founder and CEO of Praxis.
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Two Centuries-Old Riverfront Gardens in India Return to Full Bloom
A new life for treasures just across the river from the Taj Mahal.
by Evan Nicole Brown January 11, 2019
Conservationists identified and reintroduced the garden's original foliage. Courtesy WMF
The Taj Mahal is the widely recognized jewel of India. But lost in the glare of its white marble, just across the Yamuna River, are more treasures: two gardens, every bit as stately and significant as those around the tomb of Mumtaz Mahal. As recently as a few years ago, the Mehtab Bagh ("Moonlight Garden") and the Garden of the Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daulah were under threat from pollution, urban development, and neglect. Over the past four years, the World Monuments Fund (WMF) and the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) have led the charge in their conservation and restoration. On January 11, people are gathering at the Garden of the Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daulah to celebrate the completed restoration of these 16th- and 17th-century marvels.
Conservation work on the tomb gardens' water channels. Courtesy WMF
These historic gardens, originally built for Agra's nobility, are two of the city's few riverfront gardens that survive today. The project of bringing them back to their original glory has involved restoring their original plantings, reactivating their water features, and creating a visitor center. Both sites illustrate the Mughal interest in holding nature and architecture together in conversation. "They represent an important moment in Mughal history and present an important opportunity today to invigorate an asset for the community that can provide a welcoming green space, a tourism destination," says Lisa Ackerman, Interim CEO of WMF. The Taj Mahal is an architectural icon, but it can't represent alone a culture that spanned centuries.
The project began in 2014, when the WMF and ASI, with students from Harvard's Graduate School of Design, began archival research and developed a system to identify and reintroduce the native plant species. According to Ackerman, the gardens now smell distinctly of jasmine. Restored water channels sustain cypress and pomegranate trees, as well as hibiscus and oleander blossoms. The water is also cleaner and fresher than it was a few years ago. "We all know that green spaces are important for people living in the community," Ackerman says. "These gardens provide environmental and health benefits … they offer the obvious benefit of providing an oasis in the city."
The lush new riverfront gardens at the Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daulah. Courtesy WMF
The project culminated with the completion of the new visitor center at I'timad-ud-Daulah. Ackerman says she's most looking forward to the lamp-lighting ceremony, an Indian ritual that signifies an auspicious beginning. "There will be that magical moment at which we all look at the site together and realize how beautiful these spaces are today and how much enjoyment can come from visiting them in the years to come."
Watch Austrian Train Workers Leap to the Rescue of a Snowed-In Goat
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Adam West Day Celebration in Walla Walla, Wash.
By Carma Spence August 17, 2017 1. Science Fiction, Comics, Events & ConventionsAdam West, Batman, Walla Walla
Walla Walla, Wash., is celebrating the life of one of its own — Adam West — on Tuesday, Sept. 19.
When Adam West died on June 9, I honored him on my Facebook page with this banner, so when I heard of this event, I just had to share.
In case you've been living in a Batcave, West was best known for his role as Batman in the TV show that began airing in 1966.
Held on West's birthday, as proclaimed in June by the City of Walla Walla, Adam West Day will include a day full of festivities. The event includes a showing of West documentary Starring Adam West, a Q&A panel, music, food, contests, an official lighting of the Bat Signal, activities for kids, and much more.
West died in Los Angeles, but his Walla Walla roots run deep. He was born in 1928 in Walla Walla as William West Anderson. He grew up in what was then a tiny southeastern Washington farming community, before moving to Seattle at age 15. After graduating from high school, though, he returned to Walla Walla and graduated from Whitman College.
In 1959, he changed his name to Adam West and began his acting career, famously portraying Batman in the 1960s television version of the comic book hero. Though he moved away from Walla Walla, he returned frequently throughout his life. And it seems most every longtime Walla Walla resident has a personal Adam West story to share.
"Adam West is beloved in Walla Walla like few others, and it's not an exaggeration to say that he was Walla Walla's favorite son," said Ron Williams, executive director of Visit Walla Walla. "So it is only natural for the entire community to honor his life together. And in a way that befits the moniker, 'The town so nice they named it twice,' Walla Walla is inviting his fans from near and far to come join us in the celebration."
Walla Walla, the unofficial capital of Washington wine country with more than 120 wineries, knows how to throw a party. The Adam West Day events include:
Q&A panel at The Marcus Whitman Hotel & Conference Center in downtown Walla Walla with Ruben Procopio, an American animation and comic book artist, animator, and sculptor, who West once called his personal sculptor.
A showing of the documentary Starring Adam West at the Gesa Power House Theatre in downtown Walla Walla.
Official lighting of the Bat Signal in the evening.
Live music and kids activities in the downtown Walla Walla Plaza.
The Adam West Experience, a joint effort of downtown Walla Walla businesses. Each participating business will display a bat sticker that indicates its involvement, which could include a special, a giveaway, or a drink or food item named in West's honor. An award will be given to the three downtown businesses with the best decorations.
"This is a community joining together to honor someone who they love and that the residents of this city are quite proud of," said Jonathan Grant, front office manager at the Marcus Whitman Hotel & Conference Center and a co-organizer of the event. "Frankly, it is something we should have done years ago, but I am excited that we are doing it now."
All net proceeds from the event will be donated to Camp Rainbow, a camp based in Idaho for children who are either cancer survivors or are undergoing treatment for blood-related cancer diseases. West was a supporter of the camp.
For more information on planning a trip to Walla Walla, go to visitwallawalla.com. For more details on Adam West Day, visit www.adamwestday.com.
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It may seem silly to describe the areas of the course in a video, especially if you have already been playing for a while. However, in 2019 the new rules of golf contain quite a few new terms. Knowing the Defined Areas of The Course will help you understand which rules apply (or don't apply) in certain areas of the course.
Rule 2.2 Defined Areas of the Course.
The General Area covers the entire course expect for the four specific areas of the course described in Rule 2.2b.
It includes every type of ground and growing or attached objects found in that area, such as fairways, rough and trees.
Take a peek at the video below for the foundation of the Defined Areas of the Course.
Rule 2.2c The area of the course where a player's ball lies affects the Rules that apply in playing the ball or taking relief.
If part of the ball is in two specific Areas of the Course, it is treated as lying in the specific are that comes first in this order: Penalty Area, Bunker, Putting Green.
TIP: A fun way to remember this priority list is to think of a PB&J sandwich, but PB&G (Penalty, Bunker, Green).
Read my blog about encouraging other women to play here!


Select the memory size you want the VM to have – I am using 1GB of RAM i.e. 1024 MB approximately.
After clicking OK button you will see the VM which is ready to start , where we can proceed with our installation.
Once you see the screen like above double click on the CD or DVD icon naming Install Linux Mint to install on the hard drive.
I am using the default setting , you can click on continue button.
Select the first option to Erase disk and install Linux Mint and click on Install Now button.
Select your location and click Continue button.
Select your keyboard layout, I am keeping the default one (which is English), then continue.
Provide a username and password for the account and click continue.
Wait till the installation get completed .
Once the installation is done it will prompt you to restart the VM , so click on restart now and wait .
Enter the username that you have given and click OK .
Now provide the password that was selected during the user creation.
You will see the welcome message on the screen as like above , you can close it and finally you will see the below screen.
Now the Linux Mint OS is installed and ready to use.
This entry was posted in Linux, Oracle and tagged Installing Linux Mint OS, Installing Linux Mint OS on Oracle VirtualBox. Bookmark the permalink.


An alternate descent from the Montane, descend the first (and more technical) section of Meander, then turn and ride a short double track to a meadow. Horse Ravine descends down a forested ravine that can be boggy in early season. Rattle down the roots until a dry climb rounds a corner by the stables and connects with new Johnny's trail.
Entirely wet or snow covered.
no photos have been added for Horse Ravine yet, add a photo.
Don't ride unless you want to ride though horse manure.
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"An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." Nowhere does this Benjamin Franklin truism prove itself more than cyber security. Every November 30th, businesses around the world are encouraged to celebrate Cyber Security Day by reviewing their cyber security plans and training employees to be more aware of potential online threats. Another key part to any cyber strategy is cyber liability insurance.
Here are some simple tips to help businesses make the most of National Cyber Security Day.
We find this tip is one of the hardest for businesses and employees to follow. Free Wi-Fi is just too convenient. Whether it's at the airport or a coffee shop, these networks are dangerously tempting for getting some quick work done. However, unsecured Wi-Fi networks—those that have no password or easily obtained passwords—are primed for hacking. Even something as simple as checking work e-mail from these networks can allow cyber criminals access to sensitive information. If you must have Wi-Fi on the go, we recommend using your smartphone as a hot spot with a backup battery charger.
Keeping your computers, laptops, tablets, and smartphones secure is vital to any cyber security strategy. All devices must be protected in two ways. One is with updated operating software, and the second is with antivirus software. This means you need two types of automatic updates, e.g., Windows updates and McAfee antivirus updates. With workplace devices, the easiest way to stay secure is to allow automatic updates between off-work hours, usually overnight. Be sure that employees secure their personal devices if they do any work from them.
For most consumers, the prepackaged antivirus that came with our computer is the one we tend to keep. However, businesses may need protection above the average consumer's needs. Lesser-known antivirus names like Avast, Bit Defender, TrendMicro, Avira, or Sophos may be a better fit for your business. You can also consider upgrading your standard software to a small business plan, such as Norton's.
Even the best-laid plans can be foiled by cyber criminals. Their full-time job is breaking into your system, and they are constantly changing their tactics and strategies. Even giants like Target, Home Depot, Equifax, Uber, and other corporations with sizable IT budgets can fall victim. What has saved these companies from going under is their cyber liability insurance. These policies can help keep afloat businesses big and small by paying for data recovery, consumer notification, lawyers' fees, government fines, and other associated costs. This Cyber Security Day is a great time to work with an experienced agent to find the right cyber liability policy.


The price action in SPY showed some real strength in that it gapped up, never filled, and closed above the open. When the market is coming off an oversold level in an uptrend and is still not overbought, this pattern will often be followed by further gains. This was shown in the subscriber letter last night (click here for a free trial). And in the 5/22/12 letter I also showed that when the SPY pattern occurs following a short-term low it appears to provide a bullish edge, but when it occurs after an intermediate-term low then the bullish inclinations no longer hold true. The current setup is bullish and I have updated the stats below.
The reliability and the size of the moves are both impressive. This study suggests the rough start this morning is likely to be overcome in the next few days.
The International Traders Expo is going to be at Caesar's Palace from November 14-17, 2012.
I've been to this expo a couple of other times and have really enjoyed it. I'm pleased to announce I'll be back this year and giving a presentation on Saturday the 17th from 1:15pm - 2:15pm.
The topic of my presentation will be "Overnight Edges - A Quantitative Look at Overnight Market Movements and Opportunities". I'll be covering a lot of my newest and most compelling research with regards to the overnight market.
For more information and to register for the expo (free), click here.
I hope to get the opportunity to meet many readers and subscribers at the Expo.
But none of this tells the whole story. For a more detailed breakdown of overnight vs. day gains I would suggest checking out the Overnight Edges TurnaroundTuesday study. Results there are quite intriguing.
Last year I showed that the week following September options expiration has historically been the most bearish week of the year. 2011 didn't do anything to make the stats look any more bullish. Below is an updated chart showing the persistently poor performance since 1961.
One variable I showed in January was whether the market was already at an intermediate-term high. There is a decent chance the market closes at a new high today so I've decided to update that study.
That's basically 30 ½ years of bullishness.
No consistency and no pronounced edge in this sample of 37 instances.
Also, for more updated Fed Day research be sure to check out today's Overnight Overview at Overnight Edges.
The size of the follow-through isn't terribly large. But it has been very, very consistent that at least some follow through was achieved in the next few days.
In the 7/19/12 blog I looked at the short-term importance of an unfilled upside gap accompanying a breakout. With yesterday's breakout occurring along with an unfilled up gapI have revisited that study below.
Now let's look at instances where the 50-day high breakout was not accompanied by an unfilled gap. Interestingly, the number of instances was nearly the same. This study also appeared in the 7/19/12 blog and is updated.
Last night in the Quantifiable Edges Subscriber Letter I examined short-term implications of strong 1-day rises in the Russell 2000 (RUT) while the S&P 500 (SPX) declined. I found that there appeared to be a decent upside inclination for the following day. This morning I played around with this concept a little further, added a filter that eliminated instances occurring in conjunction with intermediate-term lows, and ran the test out longer. What I found was quite interesting and can be seen in the stats table below.
While 1-day implications appear bullish, looking out over the next couple of weeks there has been a strong downward tendency. This may be worth keeping in mind over the next 10 days or so.


If you are a freelance I've bet you've heard it all.
Magazine ads and articles entice would-be editors and proofreaders with the freedom of working from home, usually with photos of pristine homes, steaming coffee and an immaculate desk. In this house it couldn't be further from the truth. During peaks of productivity the freelance editor can find the housework building up, coffee cups littering the working space, usually half drunk (the coffee, not the freelance), and a desk that is hard to find underneath all the piles of books and paperwork.
It's true, we can start work when we please, go to the gym in the middle of the day (ha, seriously?) and work around the school run. I wouldn't change freelance life for anything. But … (and here's a big but, nothing to do with the song though) … deadlines still have to be met, bills have to be paid and if you start work late you usually have to work late.
I have never worked in my pjs, just as I've never taken a trip to the supermarket in them either. Working in a café can be great for productivity, but only for a short time. Personally I find it can be difficult to concentrate for long in a crowded place, and local cafés tend to get me distracted anyway as I'm bound to meet someone I know. As for the garden, let's just say that Scotland in the summer has its own hazards – the Scottish midge knows no boundaries.
Add the never-ending search for work and the creative shaming, and freelance life is probably far less idyllic than you think. I sure as hell won't be appearing in any fluffy, rainbow-inducing adverts for freelance life any time soon.
But one thing I DO do is take a break every now and then. I don't go on exotic foreign holidays (oh boy, I'd love to) but I do set aside a couple of times each year to step away from work, recharge my batteries and just chill. I deliberately don't book any work in for a couple of weeks and just put my feet up (well, I try). I also book off two weeks (or rather take on less of a workload) in July as that's when I help out at our local theatre for the two-week long junior workshop we put on. Two weeks surrounded by over 30 8–18 year olds isn't really conducive to a full work diary.
So, I'm about to put my feet up. This year I'll be attached to my notebook as, after eight months of writing on the OU A215 Creative Writing course, I'm finding that I miss putting pen to paper (we only finished a few weeks ago, but I've found fiction writing is wonderful). I also have a bit of research to do that needs some attention.
For a few weeks I'll be awol. I will, as usual, suspend my blog writing for two or three weeks and hopefully emerge refreshed and renewed. But then it'll be back to the never-ending search for the next interesting commission, the next talented client and the next attempt to pay the bills that never, ever stop arriving.
Of course, I'll be by my phone and will answer any emails from potential clients that would like to schedule work (you have a project? Contact me). The other thing the blissful, 'easy-money' articles forget to tell you … time off is at your own expense.
So well said … all of it! Enjoy your well-deserved time off, and may the customers be waiting in droves when you come back, refreshed and renewed. Cheers to you!
Have a wonderful break! I'm looking forward to my own coming up next week. It's so needed!
Your better than me. Since I have become freelance, I worry about jobs drying up so I over schedule myself. Funny that I read this today, just after reviewing my schedule for the next two weeks: I have now decided I will be taking a long weekend off around my birthday. So – thank you.
I think it's something we all do, although I know I'm lucky in that my husband is in work so we dont rely on my work alone.
awesome ideas about freelancing. inspiring. keep it up!


The BYSC development program is for boys and girls starting at U8 through to U16 who wish to improve their technical skills, understanding of the game, and improving their physical fitness through small sided games in an engaging an holistic environment.
Following the Long Term Development Plan (LTPD) our kids practice three times per week and play one game. As part of our program all the kids have 1 session of Futsal and are offered the opportunity to practice as a Goalkeeper in our Goalkeeping program. All coaches are qualified through Ontario Soccer whilst taking part in the BYSC coach mentoring program.
Green shaded square represents a game night. All other teams will play on Saturdays.


text:
Research ArticleCell Biology
Cycles of Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Critically Regulate Growth Factor–Mediated Activation of Akt Signaling
Wei-Lei Yang1,2,
Guoxiang Jin1,
Chien-Feng Li3,4,5,
Yun Seong Jeong1,2,
Asad Moten1,6,
Dazhi Xu1,
Zizhen Feng1,
Wei Chen1,
Zhen Cai1,
Bryant Darnay7,
Wei Gu8, and
Hui-Kuan Lin1,2,*
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
2The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
3Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Foundational Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
4National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan.
5Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
6Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
7Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
8Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Saint Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA.
↵*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hklin{at}mdanderson.org
Science Signaling 08 Jan 2013:
Vol. 6, Issue 257, pp. ra3
Wei-Lei Yang
Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Guoxiang Jin
Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Chien-Feng Li
Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Foundational Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan.National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan.Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
Yun Seong Jeong
Asad Moten
Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Dazhi Xu
Zizhen Feng
Zhen Cai
Bryant Darnay
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Wei Gu
Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Saint Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Hui-Kuan Lin
For correspondence: hklin@mdanderson.org
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K63-linked ubiquitination of Akt is a posttranslational modification that plays a critical role in growth factor–mediated membrane recruitment and activation of Akt. Although E3 ligases involved in growth factor–induced ubiquitination of Akt have been defined, the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that triggers deubiquitination of Akt and the function of Akt deubiquitination remain largely unclear. We showed that CYLD was a DUB for Akt and suppressed growth factor–mediated ubiquitination and activation of Akt. CYLD directly removed ubiquitin moieties from Akt under serum-starved conditions. CYLD dissociated from Akt upon growth factor stimulation, thereby allowing E3 ligases to induce ubiquitination and activation of Akt. CYLD deficiency also promoted cancer cell proliferation, survival, glucose uptake, and, when injected into mice, growth of prostate tumors. Our findings reveal the crucial role of cycles of ubiquitination and deubiquitination of Akt in determining its plasma membrane localization and activation—and further identify CYLD as a molecular switch for these processes.
You are going to email the following Cycles of Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Critically Regulate Growth Factor–Mediated Activation of Akt Signaling
By Wei-Lei Yang, Guoxiang Jin, Chien-Feng Li, Yun Seong Jeong, Asad Moten, Dazhi Xu, Zizhen Feng, Wei Chen, Zhen Cai, Bryant Darnay, Wei Gu, Hui-Kuan Lin
Science Signaling 08 Jan 2013 : ra3
The deubiquitinase CYLD suppresses activation of the tumor growth–promoting kinase Akt.


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