text:
senate Bill S. 3985
JUSTICE Act: Incentivizing Bans on Chokeholds, Improving Law Enforcement Data Reporting, and Funding Police Training on De-Escalation & Historical Racism
The JUSTICE Act would put in place commonsense steps to bring about police reform and rebuild lost trust between communities of color and law enforcement. It would incentivize state & local governments to ban chokeholds & increase reporting of use of force incidents, no-knock warrants, and disciplinary actions against police officers to increase transparency. It would also fund de-escalation training programs, make lynching a federal hate crime.
Phillip's Opinion
I think yes is the vote to take simply because it does something right now and would then be moved to the house for amendments. The JIP act in the house is more comprehensive and a better bill I think. However by combining the two you might actually get somewhere. The JUSTICE bill doesn't seem to actively remove grants from non compliant states and administrations just merely suggests to them. I think the rogue actors need the extra shove. I also think that a yearly dump of bad policing is inadequate. I would prefer it to be quarterly at the least. In this day and age though there is no reason it cannot be a database added to and accessible on a daily basis.
BroadMindedAmerican's Opinion
The Status Quo is no bueno. We need to rethink how the police interacts with citizens. Defunding is a term that needs to be removed when talking about the Police. I think it more about how and what they spend the funds on. Wasteful spending needs to be addressed, along with improved training. Police is a vital need in our country. Smarter Policing is what I want as an American Citizen. I shouldn't hate the Police when I'm kicked in the ass by an Officer at 16 years old. I should be able to report said incident when Policing is done improperly. Maybe Robocop is the answer. Joking! Elon Musk, where you at with Robocops?
Jahalliburton's Opinion
I support Senator Tim Scott's Bill. I expect to see the support from you as my officials.
This bill doesn't go far enough in banning chokeholds and the use of no-knock search warrants by federal law enforcement. It also doesn't make any reforms to the legal doctrine of qualified immunity, which shields police officers from liability for abuses unless there's a clear violation of civil rights. Alternatively, law enforcement agencies should be defunded in their entirety, rather than reformed and provided with additional funding to make changes.
Olivia's Opinion
I don't think that it's good enough. The federal government should not be dangling rewards like federal grants for the use of body cameras or de-escalation training. Instead they should be offering grants for education and mental health programs for states that commit to using their police funding to do those things. The police budgets, as a generalization, are large enough.
Jesse.West's Opinion
We need to push hard for comprehensive reform that holds the police accountable for their actions with independent oversight committees and stricter regulations to prevent needless and unwarranted death. Can I count on you to stand up for this?
Hector's Opinion
It's gotta be full and with extreme law to stop the cops from stealing, lying, being corrupt, racist, dangerous and inept from it's crap. The cops are the biggest gang who have no care in acting against those who may find themselves dead die to mental illness. They cause hated often and we need to fix them completely. They're bill is small to fix the rotten police and Court system which it completely ignored here.
What is Senate Bill S. 3985?
This bill — known as the Just and Unifying Solutions to Invigorate Communities Everywhere (JUSTICE) Act — would implement a number of policies aimed at reforming police practices to reduce the excessive use of force by law enforcement officers. The JUSTICE Act would use federal grant programs to incentivize state & local governments to ban chokeholds; improve the reporting of use of force data to the federal government and begin collecting & reporting data on the use of no-knock warrants; fund grants to increase the use of body cameras, and accommodate training in de-escalation, alternatives to the use of force, duty to intervene, and responding to behavioral health crises; and encourage hiring practices that reflect community demographics. It would also criminalize lynching, report falsification, and close the law enforcement consent loophole; while also establishing commissions to study & provide recommendations on police use of force review boards, and issues affecting the social status of black men & boys. A breakdown of the 106 page bill's various provisions can be found below.
LAW ENFORCEMENT REFORMS
George Floyd & Walter Scott Notification Act: This section would seek to improve reporting of use of force data by police to help inform training & de-escalation methods, as only 40% of law enforcement officer information is reported to the FBI's National Use of Force Data Collection database. It would:
Require state & local governments to report on annual basis to the FBI about use of force events by law enforcement that cause death or serious injury — including any discharge of a firearm by a law enforcement officer & any discharge of a firearm by a civilian at an officer — plus events where law enforcement officers are seriously injured or killed in the line of duty.
Require the FBI to make the information available to the public within one year of this bill's enactment and annually thereafter.
Impose an initial reduction in federal grant funding of up to 20% for state & local governments that fail to comply with this reporting requirement in the first year, with an additional reduction of up to 5% for each year of non-compliance thereafter (up to a maximum reduction of 25%).
Direct funds withheld from non-compliant state & local governments to states & localities that comply with this section.
Allow state & local governments to request technical assistance & training from the FBI for the collection & submission of data.
The section is named after George Floyd, an unarmed black man who was killed by Minneapolis Police who used a chokehold on him for more than 8 minutes after he used a counterfeit $20 bill in 2020; and Walter Scott, an unarmed black man who was shot and killed by a North Charleston police officer in South Carolina when he fled after being stopped for a non-functioning brake light.
Breonna Taylor Notification Act: This section would establish a data reporting system for the use of no knock search warrants, as there is currently no standardized data tracking about their use. It would:
Require states & localities to annually report data to the Justice Dept. on the use of "no-knock" warrants, including information about the reason why the warrant was issued & each violation of law listed on the warrant; whether force was used resulting in property damage, serious bodily injury, or death to any person; demographic information of each person found at the location authorized for entry under the warrant; whether the correct address was entered; whether the warrant required all required legal information; and crime rate data for the locality.
Require the Attorney General to publish a public report of this information, including privacy protections to preserve the integrity of ongoing investigations.
Impose a deduction of up to 20% in federal grant funding for states or localities that fail to comply.
The section is named after Breonna Taylor, an unarmed black woman who was killed by Louisville Metro Police officers executing a no-knock search warrant after her boyfriend opened fire on officers, thinking they were intruders. One of the main targets of the warrant was Taylor's ex-boyfriend, who was believed to have received drug packages at her apartment, although no drugs were found in the search.
Data Guidance & Compliance Assistance: Within 180 days of this bill's enactment, the Attorney General would be required to issue a guidance on best practices relating to establishing standard & consistent data collection systems that capture the above provisions after consulting & coordinating with the FBI and state & local law enforcement agencies. To help agencies comply with those requirements, a new grant program would be established with $112 million in funding for fiscal year 2021 to ensure that budgetary limitations don't prevent law enforcement agencies from accurately & sufficiently reporting the required information.
Incentivizing Chokehold Bans: State & local governments would be required to put in place policies severely restricting the use of chokeholds, except in situations where deadly force is authorized, or that government would be prohibited from receiving Byrne grant program or COPS grant program funds for a fiscal year in which such policies aren't in effect before the start of that year.
Criminalizing False Police Reports: A new criminal penalty would be established for falsifying reports in connection with a civil rights violation that results in serious bodily injury or death. It would be punishable by a 20-year maximum sentence, and there would be a 4-level enhancement under federal sentencing guidelines in cases where a defendant knowingly and willfully falsifies a report in connection with a civil rights violation.
Body-Worn Camera Partnership Program & Penalties for Non-Compliance: A new matching federal grant program would be established & administered by the Bureau of Justice Assistance to provide law enforcement officers with access to body-worn cameras and technology, training, and resources to ensure their optimal use. It would have $100 million in funding for each fiscal year from FY2021-2025. Grants could be used for the purchase of body-worn cameras; the development of best practices around their use; necessary training; requisite technological infrastructure; storage, retention, viewing, auditing, & release of footage; and personnel to administer the program.
States & local units of government would be incentivized to enact best practices for the use of body-worn cameras by conditioning eligibility for this funding on the department's work to implement the required guidelines that: were developed with input from the community, crime victim organizations, and prosecutors; require body-worn cameras to be used at all times that an officer arrests or detains anyone; ensure officers are properly trained on the proper use of body-worn cameras in the field; and suitably handle recorded content.
Standards would be established for privacy & data retention, and making footage publicly available when appropriate to promote community confidence and transparency. Governments receiving grants under this section would be required to submit a report each year to the Bureau of Justice Assistance each year it receives funding, including a summary of the activities carried out through the use of the funding.
Entities receiving federal funding to purchase body-worn cameras would have to implement the necessary guardrails for their use and discipline law enforcement officers who intentionally fail to ensure the device is engaged, functional, and properly secured at all times. Failure to do so would result in a 20% reduction in federal funding each year that action isn't taken to satisfy the aforementioned requirements. An additional 5% reduction would be added (up to a maximum reduction of 25%) if entities continue to fail to institute such policies in the second year. Funds subject to penalties would be reallocated to compliant states & localities.
Law Enforcement Records Retention: Law enforcement agencies would be required to maintain employment & disciplinary records of law enforcement officers for no less than 30 years through a covered system and carefully review the records of any officer before hiring them. Specifically, agencies would have to search & obtain employment & disciplinary records of the applicant from each agency they previously worked at to determine whether the applicant has a disciplinary record, internal investigations record, or record of an award or commendation.
Records would include substantiated allegations of misconduct & internal investigation records as well as awards or commendations. Disciplinary records would include any written document regarding an allegation of misconduct by an officer that is substantiated and adjudicated by a government agency or court, unless overturned by an appeal, and results in adverse action by the employing law enforcement agency or criminal charges.
State & local law enforcement agencies that don't establish & implement these systems would be ineligible for key sources of federal funding. Each state would receive a one-time grant of at least $1 million to establish these new systems & practices, and a total of $100 million in appropriations would be authorized for this purpose.
Law Enforcement Agency Hiring & Education: When the demographic makeup of a law enforcement agency differs dramatically from the community they serve, this section would allow that jurisdiction to use COPS grants to hire recruiters and enroll candidates that more closely represent the community.
The Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program would be reauthorized at $800 million for each fiscal year FY2021-2025; while the Cops on the Beat Grant Program would be reauthorized at $400 million for each fiscal year FY2021-2025. Within one year of this bill's enactment, the DOJ would study & submit to Congress a proposal regarding a possible implementation method to improve accountability for law enforcement agencies that receive funds from covered grant programs.
An education program for law enforcement agencies through the Smithsonian Museum of African American History would be funded regarding the history of racism in the U.S., improving relationships between law enforcement & the communities they serve, and training eligible program participants who can effectively train their law enforcement peers in their states & communities. It would authorize $2 million for each fiscal year FY2021-2025.
Alternatives to the Use of Force, De-escalation, Behavioral Health Crises, & Duty to Intervene Training: This section would fund both the COPS Office at the Justice Dept. to create training programs & best practices, and the Byrne-JAG grant program to award funding to jurisdictions to help pay for the training. Training curricula would be developed for alternatives to use of force, de-escalation, and responding to behavioral health crises. Development would occur in consultation with law enforcement agencies, labor organizations, professional law enforcement organizations, and mental health organizations.
The COPS Office would establish a process for certifying public & private entities to deliver training using either the curricula developed by the COPS Office or equivalent training, and would receive an annual appropriation of $20 million from FY2021-2025 to pay for costs associated with conducting or procuring training. The Byrne-JAG grant program would receive an annual appropriation of $50 million from FY2021-2025 to help state & local law enforcement agencies pay for training costs.
The Justice Dept. would also develop training curricula on the duty to intervene, in which officers would be trained on policies for intervening when a fellow officer has crossed the line into using excessive force. A similar certification process for public & private entities to provide law enforcement agencies with training would be established, and $100 million would be authorized annually for FY2021-2025.
Justice for Victims of Lynching: This section would make lynching a federal crime that automatically warrants an enhanced sentence under existing federal hate crime laws, punishable by a sentence of up to 10 additional years imprisonment. It wouldn't preclude murder charges from being filed, which can already be brought under existing law.
Closing the Law Enforcement Consent Loophole Act: This section would make it unlawful for a federal law enforcement officer to engage in a sexual act while acting under color of law or with an individual who has been arrested by, is detained by, or in the custody of a law enforcement officer. Consent would not be a defense to prosecution for unlawful conduct and a violator would be subject to criminal penalties including a fine, a prison term of up to 15 years, or both. It would also incentivize states to implement similar laws by authorizing additional grant funding to be used for the prevention of violence against women & sexual assault services. There would be $5 million authorized each fiscal year FY2021-FY2025 to carry out this section.
Commission on the Social Status of Black Men & Boys Act: The Commission would be established within the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Office, and would consist of 19 members appointed by members of both political parties. If there is a partisan imbalance of Commission members after appointment is complete, the congressional leaders of the party with fewer members on the commission would jointly name additional members to create partisan parity. The Commission would meet within 30 days of all members being appointed and would meet at least quarterly, in addition to submitting an annual report.
The Commission would conduct a systematic study of the conditions affecting black men and boys, including homicide rates; arrest & incarceration rates; poverty; violence; fatherhood; mentorship; drug abuse; death rates; disparate income & wealth levels; school performance in all grade levels including postsecondary education & college; and health issues. It would document trends on those topics and report on the community impact of relevant government programs within the scope of such topics; and propose measures to alleviate and remedy the underlying causes of the conditions described through changes to laws, policies, or programs.
National Criminal Justice Commission Act: This Commission would be established to undertake a comprehensive review of the criminal justice system, submit recommendations to the president & Congress for federal criminal justice reforms, and provide findings & guidance to state, local, and tribal governments. The review would encompass all areas of the criminal justice system, including criminal justice costs, practices, and policies of the federal state, local, and tribal governments. Within 18 months of the Commission's first meeting, it would submit its recommendations for changes in federal oversight, policies, practices, and laws designed to prevent, deter, and reduce crime & violence, reduce recidivism, improve cost-effectiveness, and ensure the interests of justice.
The Commission would consist of 14 members appointed by members of both political parties based upon knowledge & experience in a relevant area of the Commission's jurisdiction. It would receive $7 million for both fiscal years 2020 & 2021 to carry out its mission, and would sunset 60 days after it submits its report to Congress.
Best Practices & Study: The National Criminal Justice Commission would also conduct a study on the establishment & operation of Use of Force Review Boards by States & units of local government, wherein citizens can assist law enforcement agencies in reviewing use of force incidents, as well as best practices for developing standards for law enforcement officer due process. The Commission would submit recommendations for its findings, including recommended best practices for State and Local Use of Force Review Boards.
Additionally, the Commission would study law enforcement training, crisis intervention teams, co-responder programs, personnel requirements, federal resources, and pilot programs needed to improve nationwide law enforcement officer engagement on issues related to mental health, homelessness, and addiction.
Law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve; communities of color; state & local governments; and the Dept. of Justice.
Cost of Senate Bill S. 3985
A CBO cost estimate is unavailable.
In-Depth: Sen. Tim Scott (R-SC) introduced the JUSTICE Act to provide long-term solutions focused on police reform, accountability & transparency, and promote efforts to find solutions to systemic issues affecting people of color such as education & health disparities:
"Now is the time for reform. The murder of George Floyd and its aftermath made clear from sea to shining sea that action must be taken to rebuild lost trust between communities of color and law enforcement. The JUSTICE Act takes smart, commonsense steps to address these issues, from ending the use of chokeholds and increasing the use of body worn cameras, to providing more resources for police departments to better train officers and make stronger hiring decisions."
Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) at a press conference said that "without Tim's leadership, it would not have been possible, and without his leadership, I wouldn't be putting this on the floor." He added that "we're serious about making a law here" and the bill "is not about trying to create partisan differences, this is about coming together and getting an outcome." Sen. James Lankford (R-OK), one of the bill's original cosponsors, called for bipartisanship and an open debate on amendments to the bill the same press conference:
"This is about making a law, not just making a point. This is not messaging; this is trying to be able to work in the most bipartisan way we can work. Get it on the floor, let's have amendments, let's talk through the process. Equal justice under the law shouldn't be a partisan issue."
Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) said the legislation is a "bad bill" and that Democrats are "figuring out what to do with it." Sen. Sherrod Brown (D-OH) said that, "I want to work with people that want real police reform unlike the people that want to just act like they're doing reform. McConnell's going to always do what plays to his bigoted base and his money base."
Sen. Dick Durbin (D-IL), who apologized to Sen. Scott for calling his efforts a "token" on the Senate floor (Scott had previously said he's been maligned as a "token" because of his race since he began working on police reform), said that addressing qualified immunity is "critical" and that:
"[The question] is whether or not McConnell is offering this in good faith. If this is a high-noon moment and [Republicans] want to embarrass the Democrats by having them vote 'no' and then we'll adjourn, it's a waste of time. But we shouldn't rule out the possibility that the Senate could actually be the Senate."
This legislation has the support of 47 cosponsors in the Senate, all of whom are Republicans. A companion bill in the House has been introduced by Rep. Pete Stauber (R-MN) — a former police officer who was shot in the head in the line of duty — which has the support of over 140 Republican cosponsors.
Of Note: USAFacts notes that the debate over police reform is constrained by a lack of up to date, standardized data from all parts of the country & all levels of government:
"One of the most striking things about data on excessive police force is what is lacking. Federal data on excessive force and police shootings is often too dated and inadequate to inform current discussions. Old, incomplete information is an ongoing trend across government data that needs addressing. Some, but not all, local governments provide policing statistics; however, what's reported is incomplete and nonuniform, making national comparisons all but impossible."
Sponsoring Sen. Tim Scott (R-SC) Press Release
JUSTICE Act Section-by-Section
Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) Press Release
Countable (Police Reform Context)
Countable (JUSTICE Act Context)
Countable (Policing Data Context)
Countable (Qualified Immunity Context)
USAFacts (Policing Data Context)
White House Statement of Administration Policy (In Favor)
Summary by Eric Revell
(Photo Credit: iStock.com / kali9)
JUSTICE Act
A bill to improve and reform policing practices, accountability, and transparency.
IntroducedJune 17th, 2020
Sen Tim Scott
(R - SC)
Phillip's Opinion In Favor
Olivia's Opinion Against
BroadMindedAmerican's Opinion In Favor
Jahalliburton's Opinion In Favor
Sneaky-Pete's Opinion In Favor
The Just and Unifying Solutions to Invigorate Communities Everywhere (JUSTICE) Act (S.3985) I'm in full support of the Senate Bill (S- 3985) known as the Just and Unifying Solutions to Invigorate Communities Everywhere (JUSTICE) Act which would implement a number of policies aimed at reforming police practices to reduce the excessive use of force by law enforcement officers. The JUSTICE Act would use federal grant programs to incentivize state & local governments to ban chokeholds; improve the reporting of use of force data to the federal government and begin collecting & reporting data on the use of no-knock warrants; fund grants to increase the use of body cameras, and accommodate training in de-escalation, alternatives to the use of force, duty to intervene, and responding to behavioral health crises; and encourage hiring practices that reflect community demographics. It would also criminalize lynching, report falsification, and close the law enforcement consent loophole; while also establishing commissions to study & provide recommendations on police use of force review boards, and issues affecting the social status of black men & boys. See a breakdown of the 106 page bill's various provisions can be found at: https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/3985/text?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22congressId%3A116+AND+billStatus%3A%5C%22Introduced%5C%22%22%5D%7D&r=9&s=1 Q 6.22.20. SP
Jesse.West's Opinion Against
Brandon's Opinion In Favor
Police education could be the most valuable aspect of this bill as its approaches part of the problem from the source instead of providing external bandaids
Michael's Opinion In Favor
Shouldn't Dems accept debate on the JUSTICE Act so that we can move the process forward. Simply obstructing progress will not win elections and may make the support of Black Americans feel futile. There is always a chance to improve the bill in reconciliation.
Teralyn 's Opinion In Favor
I like both bills! They both save lives! Just combine them! And also that will probably also make them Bipartisan! We need bipartisanship for this issue!
Seth's Opinion In Favor
This had been an issue for a long time now.
Diana's Opinion In Favor
Tim Scott's Bill is what Americans need and for you Representative Castro to not back this bill because you put your corrupt party first is what's reeking havoc on Americans trying to survive.
Regina 's Opinion In Favor
I believe their are policies in place that need to be revisited and reformed so policies just don't work . I'm a nurse and in nursing policies and procedures our practices are geared toward evidence based practices . EBP helps to identify what's working and what's not working then you take necessary steps to implement change .
Teresa's Opinion In Favor
Do NOT defund the police.
Maureen's Opinion Against
Essential components are body cameras for police officers and a data bank to collate evidence of police/criminal wrongdoing. Require that thorough background checks be performed prior to hiring new officers, including checking the database. Within two years, establish a committee to review and make informed recommendations regarding improvements to police procedures avoiding emotional or political bias. We need to protect our law enforcement officers and law abiding citizens from criminals while ensuring due process for said criminals. This should not be a get out of jail free society based on the politically perceived viewpoint. It is a matter of deterring crime by making individuals, irrespective of background, responsible for their criminal acts.
Harry's Opinion In Favor
Yes, lets get the debate moved to the floor. We have no National police force, but instead of 50 state standards s, plus the local forces, there is no reason we should not impose a Minimum Standard for those police gorces that take Federal Money. Also ad a no sanctuary claise yo yhe funds so any jurisdiction that refuses it pays the price of not cooperating with ICE, DEA etc..
Sandra's Opinion Against
I cannot support this entire bill. I do not think the federal level needs to provide incentives for local police practices. I do think funding training on de-escalation techniques might be helpful but must that be federally funded? I also think it is not evident that all police departments are racist so treating them all as if guilty would be unfair.
Allyson's Opinion Against
Just another way for republicans to be racists
Naynayvs's Opinion In Favor
I think this is good to start better training. I really hope our COPS offices start actively participating and holding fun community events that involve the youth and all people of our community. I hope to see involvement in community services (feeding the poor, housing the homeless and taking better care of the communities who need the nurturing). I am saddened to see that no mental health checks and therapeutic sessions for our officers are applied. It would be very beneficial for our police to be regularly attending counseling for emotional, stress, and anger management. This is a sure way to ensure the well being of our law enforcement and building a healthy strong community. In my opinion.
Torreyanna 's Opinion In Favor
This is so much less than is needed, but it's something. I intend to continue fighting to defund the police. I believe the US police force to be a terrorist organization.
Hector's Opinion Against


'Night Sports' sees 3OH!3's Sean Foreman and Nathaniel Motte embracing cutting edge production and more creative songwriting than ever before, resulting in their most idiosyncratic collection thus far. Produced, engineered, and mixed entirely by Motte, the album retains the duo's trademark raw humour while also embracing a surprising new edge and eclectic sensibility. Their diverse energy fuelled by 3OH!3's extracurricular forays into producing and songwriting for such superstar artists as Ariana Grande, Maroon 5, Kaskade, and Lil Jon.
3OH!3 exploded onto an unsuspecting mainstream with 2008's smash second album, 'Want,' fuelled by the ARIA platinum hit 'Don't Trust Me' and its double platinum follow-up, 'Starstrukk' (Feat. Katy Perry). 'Streets Of Gold' followed in 2010, featuring the ARIA platinum hit 'My First Kiss' (Feat. Ke$ha).
doesn't like to brag. Sean Foreman and Nathaniel 'Nat' Motte say that making their loud, distorted, electronic-pop music is not about the trophies and notoriety. No, forming 3OH!3 (named after the duo's area code in Boulder, Colorado) was always about something larger than themselves. It was and remains about being FUN!


text:
Q: PHP Mysql Data Insert I'm learning PHP from reading the php manual and studying different tutorials. I hit a snag with the mysql_query. I'm trying to insert user data into a database from a form using PHP. The mysql_query should return false because the username doesn't exist in the database yet but according to the result I am getting it is returning true and nothing is being entered into the database. Am I using mysql_query wrong or is using !result incorrect?
$sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username='".$_POST["name"]."'";
$result = mysql_query($sql)

if (!$result) {
    $sql = "INSERT INTO USERS (username, email, password) VALUES
            ('".$_POST["name"]."', '".$_POST["email"]."', '".$passwords[0]."')";
    $result = mysql_query($sql);

    if ($result) {
        echo "It's entered!";
    }  else {
        echo "There's been a problem: " . mysql_error();
    }
} else {
    echo "There's already a user with that name:
";

    $sqlAll = "SELECT * FROM users";
    $resultsAll = mysql_query($sqlAll);
    $row = mysql_fetch_array($resultsAll);

    while ($row) {
        echo $row["username"]." -- ".$row["email"]."
";
        $row = mysql_fetch_array($result);
    }
}

A: Jason, you're checking to see if the query has failed or not - not whether it has returned the value 'false' or 'true'. You need to call mysql_fetch_row or similar, then compare the result.
Alternatively you could use the following:
if (mysql_num_rows($result) == 0) {
    /* User doesn't exist */
} else {
    /* User exists */
}

This will detect if any users have been chosen by your query and - if they have - your user exists already.
Also, you should learn about input sanitisation and SQL Injection. It's a very critical security issue and your script is vulnerable to it. More info here.

A: A select query which has no result rows STILL returns a result handle. msyql_query() will ONLY return a 'false' value if the query fails due to a syntax error, constraint violation, etc...
Your code should be
$sql = "...";
$result = mysql_query($sql);
if ($result === false) {
   die("QUery failed: " . mysql_error());
}

if (mysql_num_rows($result) == 0) {
   ... user does not exist ...
}

And please please please read up about SQL injection vulnerabilities. Your code has holes wide enough for a truck to drive through.

A: *

*In this case, $result will be a resource. You should check the number of results with mysql_num_rows().

*Never, really, NEVER, use $_POST or any direct user input in a query. Always escape the input, BEFORE using it in a query, with mysql_real_escape_string(), or you'll have opened a serious security issue with SQL Injection.
Ex:
$safe_name = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST["name"]);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username='$safe_name'";

A: It's not exact.

mysql_query() will also fail and return FALSE if the user does not
  have permission to access the table(s) referenced by the query.

In your case you have the permission but the user doesn't exist. So it will return true but the result set returned is empty.

A: mysql_query will return an empty set if the query returns no data.  The query will however not fail.

A: i solve my problem :
like this
<?php
$username = $_POST['username'];

include('config.php');
$result = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT * FROM persons WHERE username='$username'");

while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result)){

echo $row['username'];
echo "
";
echo "
";
echo "
Secret Question
";
echo $row['secret'];

 }
?>

<form action="forgetaction.php" method="POST">

Answer is :

<input type="hidden" name="username" value="<?php echo $username; ?>">
<input type="text" name="answer">

<input type="Submit" value="Submit">
</form>

and forget action.php like this :

<?php
include('config.php');

$username = $_POST['username'];
echo $username;

$result = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT * FROM persons WHERE username='$username'");
$row = mysqli_fetch_array($result);

       if($row['answer'] == $_POST['answer']) {
            echo $row['password'];
        } else {
            echo 'wrong!';
             }

?>

thank you all for help .

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Start spending half an hour every day learning something that you are passionate about. Don't make excuses about how busy you are at work. When you are working less and learning more, it might seem that you get fewer things done in a day, but you'll get dramatically more done in a year. Remember, 30 minutes a day add up to 180 hours over a year.


Located just an hour's drive northeast of Cape Town, South Africa's most famous wine producing region encompasses the towns of Stellenbosch, Franschhoek and Paarl. It also has some of the country's most dramatic scenery and makes for the perfect weekend escape. Here are 10 of our favorite places to raise a toast in South Africa's Winelands.
With a 50-page wine list that is considered one of the best in the world, it is easy to see why Bosman's Restaurant at the Grand Roche Hotel in Paarl tops the list. Not to mention it has one of only a handful of South Africa's accredited sommeliers to assist in pairings, and a food menu featuring traditional South African country fare. Make reservations to dine at this award-winning restaurant.
Reuben's, one of the best restaurants in South Africa's Winelands, is located in Franschhoek, our favorite wine town. It looks as if someone took a French country village and plunked it down on a Lord of the Rings-worthy mountain with velvet valley scenery. A Franschhoek institution, Reuben's does hot and spicy twists on Cape Malay cooking and of course has a fabulous wine list.
Also in Franschhoek, the restaurant at Le Quartier Francais is a well-respected foodie favorite, especially when celebrating a special occasion. The hotel is also is one of the best places to sleep in town.
This favorite vineyard in Franschhoek is known for full-bodied red blends that taste as distinct as the dramatic mountain views surrounding the estate. "Haut Espoir," which translates to "high hopes," doesn't disappoint.
The signature wine at Thelema Mountain Vineyards is a Cabernet called "The Mint" that has hints of eucalyptus in its aroma. It's located on Helschoogte Pass, on the way into Stellenbosch. Thelema was recently rated one of the world's top 100 wine estates.
Located on the same mountain pass as Thelema Mountain Vineyards, Tokara is known for its excellent, fresh farm-to-table creations that come paired with wine from the restaurant's own vineyard.
If you don't have a designated driver and want to hit up a number of vineyards, then join an organized tour. One of our personal favorites is Easy Rider Wine Tours. The day trips are great and include lunch and brandy tasting along with multiple vineyard stops.
Located 30 miles east of Franschhoek on Oakdene Road in the town of Wellington, Welbedacht makes award-winning Pinotages and other rich red blends on a beautifully manicured estate.
For big reds and big views, hit up Ernie Els Wines on Annandale Road in Stellenbosch. Ernie Els Wines is a joint venture between South African champion golfer Ernie Els and Louis Strydom, an award-winning winemaker. Els once played on the PGA tour circuit, and now you can taste his wines on South Africa's wine circuit.


INTORQ is a young company that has been spun off from Lenze Bremsen GmbH to take over the production of brakes and clutches. The Intorq rectifiers below are identical to the Lenze rectifiers you may be searching for, only the type # has changed. The Lenze rectifier part #'s are included below for your convenience.
design connection old type / id.-no. new type new part-no.
design old type / id.-no. new part-no.


For a truly entertaining experience to remember, garnish your table with Fazeek's sleek, signature napkin range. Make your mark with HANDS OFF, a striking design on off-white linen guaranteed to polish up any space. All napkins are sold in a set of four.
All our napkins are hand printed to order so please allow 1- 2 weeks for delivery.


text:
/*
 * Various functions that belong to no class, but simplify the logic
 * minimization process
 */

#ifndef MISC_FUNCTIONS_H
#define MISC_FUNCTIONS_H

#include "../../../include/offbrand.h"
#include "../../../include/obvector.h"

#define MINLOG_MINTERMS 0
#define MINLOG_MAXTERMS 1

/* function returns the number of 1 bits in the integer */
uint8_t numOneBits(uint32_t num);

/* function returns the value of the bit in the uint32_t corresponding to
 * bit_num, bit_num of 0 corresponding to the least significant bit */
uint8_t testBit(uint32_t num, uint8_t bit_num);

/* function takes a string representing the equation (read from user) parses it
 * for terms and dont_cares, and creates new Term object for each, adding them
 * to the proper provided terms and dont_cares array. Function returns
 * MINTERMS if equation is represented by minterms, MAXTERMS if the equation is
 * represented by MAXTERMS. If verbose flag is non-zero print out detailed
 * information about terms parsed from string */
uint8_t parseEqnString(const char *eqnstr, obvector *terms,
                       obvector *dont_cares, uint8_t verbose);

/* function takes an obvector containing all the Term objects required to
 * represent the unminimized function (either minterms or maxterms), and returns
 * a vector of the largest possible NCubes that completely cover all of the
 * terms */
obvector * findLargestPrimeImplicants(const obvector *terms,
                                      const obvector *dont_cares);

/* function prints the equation represented by the vector of essential prime
 * implicant NCubes, essential_pis, in Sum of Products form if is_sop != 0, or
 * Product of Sums form if is_sop = 0, with the give number of variables.
 * Function prints to STDOUT */
void printEqnVector(const obvector *essential_pis, uint8_t is_sop,
                    uint32_t num_var);

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Monstrous train crashes appear the emotional stuff of films and books, surging steam motors bound for catastrophe, settled irreversibly on track to impact. For sure, in the nineteenth century train organizations utilized head-on train crashes as an attention stunt. The Squash Crash in Waco, Texas drew such a significant number of spectators that Waco progressed toward becoming, for one night, the second biggest city in the state. Indeed, even this arranged occasion finished in catastrophe, notwithstanding, when an evaporator burst and the flying flotsam and jetsam executed two in the group. Shockingly, this not exactly sensational end speaks to the truth of train wrecks, and nowadays that the truth is spoken to in claims when the smoke clears.
Maybe cutting edge railways don't experience anything so disastrous as the rerouted steam train that made a mountain crumple in Ayn Rand's Chart book Shrugged, however train crashes are as yet a noteworthy issue in the Unified States. Train crashes harm in excess of 500 individuals consistently, however passings remain generally uncommon. Beside calamitous crashes, railroad passings ordinarily happen at intersections, where the train's course crosses the way of vehicle traffic. The odds of passing on in a vehicle train crash are multiple times more probable than biting the dust in a normal auto accident.
Settlements with railroad organizations for accidents can sum in the a huge number of dollars, however this equitable mirrors the seriousness of wounds brought about in such mishaps. Trains are at present set up in compartments to diminish the separation individuals would fly in case of a noteworthy impact. Notwithstanding, wellbeing specialists with the Government Railroad Affiliation have directed full-scale crashes and found that the fakers in such seats were flung up and over the backs of the seat compartments, some striking baggage racks. Safety belts would keep this kind of damage, however they are not a standard portion of generally prepares.
At any rate half of all the railroad tank autos on the tracks today were worked before 1989 when new directions expected them to be strengthened with steel. Around 30,000 of these tankers have not been revamped by any stretch of the imagination, and no administration office powers the organizations that claim these tank vehicles to burn through cash to convey them up to wellbeing gauges. This outcomes in another extraordinary railroad threat, the same number of these tankers convey risky synthetic substances. Only this past January, nine individuals passed on and a whole geographic locale must be emptied from homes, organizations, and schools in South Carolina when a train impact made a tanker spill chlorine gas.
Train wrecks are plainly not an engaging issue. As a result of the structure of the tracks and flags, train crashes are about constantly because of carelessness, either human mistake or flawed gear. In that capacity, any wounds caused on a railroad are qualified for remuneration and ought to be examined with a legal counselor immediately.


text:
Opened on two nights for Morrissey during the Low In High School Tour in Los Angeles, 2017.
Morrissey attended an [Idol concert] in 2015.
Low In High School Tour
British post punk/hard rock musician, songwriter, and artist.
Born: 30 November 1955 in Stanmore, London, England, UK.
Idol first achieved fame as a founding member (with Tony James) of London punk rock band Generation X (4), starting in 1976 and disbanded in 1981. Later he embarked on a successful solo career and after releasing his second studio album "Rebel Yell" (1983), became an international rock star, and moved to the US to pursue his career.
His music videos are also known for their constant playback on the nascent television network MTV.
https://www.discogs.com/artist/46373-Billy-Idol
https://www.billyidol.net
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Idol
https://www.facebook.com/BillyIdol
https://www.last.fm/music/Billy+Idol
https://twitter.com/BillyIdol
https://www.youtube.com/user/BillyIdolOnline
https://soundcloud.com/official-billy-idol
https://instagram.com/billyidol
William Michael Albert Broad (born 30 November 1955), known professionally as Billy Idol, is a British singer, songwriter, and musician. He first achieved fame in the 1970s emerging from the London punk rock scene as the lead singer of the group Generation X. Subsequently, he embarked on a solo career which led to international recognition and made Idol a lead artist during the MTV-driven "Second British Invasion" in the United States. The name "Billy Idol" was inspired by a schoolteacher's description of him as "idle".Idol began his music career in late 1976 as a guitarist in the punk rock band Chelsea. However, he soon left the group. With his former bandmate Tony James, Idol formed Generation X. With Idol as lead singer, the band achieved success in the United Kingdom and released three studio albums on Chrysalis Records, then disbanded. In 1981, Idol moved to New York City to pursue his solo career in collaboration with guitarist Steve Stevens. His debut studio album, Billy Idol (1982), was a commercial success. With music videos for singles "Dancing with Myself" and "White Wedding" Idol soon became a staple of then newly-established MTV. Idol's second studio album, Rebel Yell (1983), was a major commercial success, featuring hit singles "Rebel Yell" and "Eyes Without a Face". The album was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipment of two million copies in the US. In 1986, he released Whiplash Smile. Having accumulated three UK top 10 singles ("Rebel Yell", "White Wedding" and "Mony Mony") Idol released a 1988 greatest hits album titled Idol Songs: 11 of the Best; the album went platinum in the United Kingdom. Idol then released Charmed Life (1990) and the concept album Cyberpunk (1993). Idol spent the second half of the 1990s focusing on his personal life out of the public eye. He made a musical comeback with the release of Devil's Playground (2005) and again with Kings & Queens of the Underground (2014).
Retrieved from "https://www.morrissey-solo.com/w/index.php?title=Billy_Idol&oldid=17490"
Influenced by Morrissey / The Smiths
Supported Morrissey

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
No it's not a Star Wars vessel!
Part of the solar panels on the roof of the Race for Water berthed in Ma'ufanga. Photo: ENVIRO NEWS
Race for Water vessel attracts interest as they work on reducing plastic waste and recycling for energy source
NUKU'ALOFA – December 12, 2018: 12.30pm (Enviro News with additional reporting by Matangi Tonga): My first impression was this was a vessel out of the movies.
The Race foe Water at the domestic wharf yesterday. Photo: ENVIRO NEWS
Sitting at the King Tau'fa'ahau Domestic Wharf along Vuna Road, the Race for Water looked more like one of those Star Wars spaceships then an ocean vessel.
But the vessel, which is the mast-ship for the Race for Water Foundation, has an important job as it travels the world in a five-year journey.
The vessel is living testimony to the fact that we can do it without fossil fuel – things can be operated with natural energy.
The Race for Water ispowered by the sun, water, and wind.
Sun energy is trapped through the solar panels , covering 512 square metres, which is then stored in eight tonnes of batteries.
Wind power is trapped in a 40 square metres automatically controlled kite that hovers above the ship from a height of 150 metres.
Seawater is turned to hydrogen and stored in 25 bottles at 350 bars on board.
The Race for Water', is in Tonga raising awareness about new innovative solutions to preserve our ocean and to combat the rising tides of plastic in our oceans.
And they are proposing different methods — including recycling plastics into energy.
The Race for Water's crew of seven, were officially welcomed on Monday morning at the King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV Domestic Wharf, by guest of honour Princess Pilolevu Tuita, government officials, and diplomats, who were keen to see the self-sustainable vessel and hear about its mission.
The expedition is part of The Race for Water Foundation's project started by Swiss entrepreneur, Marco Simeoni, in his bid to preserve the world's oceans by stopping plastic waste from entering it.
Captain Jean-Marc Normant told Matangi Tonga that they started sailing around the world in April 2017 and have found that the ocean contains an alarming amount of plastic, but in small sizes, a kind of microplastic or plastic dust that is impossible to clean up.
"It's not really visible but I can tell you that there is plastic."
He said they filter water from the ocean every day and "we can see how much plastic there is". "It's everywhere, there is plastic everywhere."
According to a 2016 study by McKinsey and the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, if the existing system of plastic production continues, the ocean will contain more plastic than fish, by weight, by 2050.
As plastic waste breaks down, they are categorized into macro-waste (less than 2.5cm), meso-waste (5mm – 2.5cm), and micro-waste, (less than 5mm).
The micro-waste is made up of primary microplastic (polyester fibres, plastic micro-particles found in cosmetic products), or comes from macro-waste which breaks down over time, disintegrating via chemical (ultraviolet radiation, oxy-genation), physical (wind, waves) or organic degradation.
When the Race for Water calls in at ports, Captain Normant and his crew share their observations about plastic pollution with the people they meet and offer solutions to stop it entering oceans.
"Most important is that we discuss this with people, and see how our solutions can fit because there is always a solution," he said.
The foundation is promoting that the plastic problem must be tackled on land, to prevent it from ever reaching the oceans.
One way of doing this is by giving plastic waste a commercial value so that it becomes profitable for street collection.
Another way is by transforming plastic waste to an energy resource. The foundation has partnered with industrial partner ETIA, to come up with a technology capable of transforming end-of-life plastics into energy, either gas or electricity.
The Race for Water is 35 metres long and 26 metres wide. It runs on mixed solar, hydrogen, and kite energy demonstrating that transitioning to clean energy sources is possible.
For wind energy, the vessel uses a self-piloting towing kite which spans 40m2 when deployed with a boat speed of 5 to 8 knots.
For sun energy, it also has 512m2 of solar panels and storage in the 8 tonnes of lithium-ion batteries that provide 30-hours of energy range.
For water energy, it has 200kg of hydrogen stored in 25 bottles at 350 bars. The hydrogen converts into electricity and can supply the engine or recharge batteries which enables a range of up to 6 days at 5 knots.
The vessel will leave Tonga on Saturday, 15 December and make its way to Fiji. It is expected to end its worldwide expedition in 2021.
Dr Luka Mueller, a Swiss entrepreneur and owner of Seaview Restaurant in Kolomotu'a was instrumental in the visit of the Race for Water to Tonga.
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Every year, Apple debuts a new version of iOS in beta form. Every year, you get excited and want to test it before it's ready for public consumption. Every year, you will regret doing so.
The first beta of iOS 11 launched on Monday for iPhone and iPad (and the sixth-generation iPod touch as well, if we're being thorough). It's pretty neat!
AppleInsider staff uses iOS 11 on older, secondary, or nonessential device —because it crashes.
It's also not ready for primetime.
Every year, AppleInsider sees the horror stories from near-sighted users who, in a moment of pure excitement over a software overhaul, regrettably installed a new beta on their iPhone. "How do I downgrade?" they want to know.
The first beta of iOS 11 is, thus far, for developers only. A public beta will launch later this month, and perhaps that version will be less buggy, but you should still wait.
AppleInsider staff has been testing iOS 11 for a few days, and all of us have installed it on older, secondary, or nonessential devices. For good reason —it crashes.
Just today, my iPhone randomly reset as I was removing items from Control Center for a story. Inexplicably, my 12.9-inch iPad Pro actually loses power when it's charging on my Logitech Smart Connector dock. Copy and paste is completely nonfunctional on my iPhone 6s. 3D Touch to invoke app switcher does not work at all.
All of this is fine. It's a beta. I was prepared.
Most users who haphazardly install betas, however, don't seem to realize or expect this. And then they're in a world of hurt when their iPhone becomes problematic to the point of being potentially unusable.
Things are a little better on the Mac. There, you could install macOS 10.13 High Sierra to a partition, and keep your regular macOS 10.12 Sierra install separate and buttery smooth. If you know how to do that (and you have a developer account required for the first beta), have fun playing around.
You'd better put it on a partition, too. We're using a 2015 MacBook Pro to test it out, and we had to pull the drive and format it in an external enclosure on a machine without the beta installed to recover the drive after a particularly nasty crash. For now, that machine is fine, but we're keeping a wary eye on it.
Things are way worse on the Apple Watch. There, you simply cannot downgrade from the watchOS 4 beta to watchOS 3. If your watch gives you problems and you want to roll back the software, you have to actually mail it in to Apple and get it replaced. Just don't.
Whether you're eyeing iOS 11, macOS High Sierra, or watchOS 4, please take our word for it and do not install it on a mission-critical machine intended for everyday use. You'll regret it.
If you made the shameful mistake of updating to iOS 11 already on your primary iPhone, and you inevitably regret your decision and want to roll it back to iOS 10, you can visit ipsw.me and find your model number to download the appropriate install file. Then you'll need to disable Find My iPhone, put your device into DFU mode, and queue up iTunes on your Mac or PC to select "Restore and Update," installing the latest publicly available version of iOS.
But really, don't let it come to that. Because now you know better.


text:
Kate Ritchie
Katherine Leigh Ritchie is an Australian actress, radio presenter, and children's author. She is best known for her long-running role as original character Sally Fletcher on the television soap opera Home and Away, for which she won two Gold Logie awards. She played the character for 20 years, appearing from the pilot episode in 1988 until 2008. Ritchie is currently part of Nova FM's national drive show, Kate, Tim & Joel with Tim Blackwell and Joel Creasey. Prior to her retirement from Home and Away, she shared with fellow original cast members Ray Meagher and Norman Coburn the record for the longest continuous role in an Australian drama series. After a five-year absence, Ritchie returned to Home and Away in 2013 for a short reprise of her role as Sally Fletcher to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the series. In addition to 20 years on Home and Away, Ritchie has also hosted various television events and appeared in commercials, a mini-series and an Australian film.
Kate Ritchie goes blonde at a Double Bay salon after rehab stint
Healthy-looking Kate Ritchie goes for a walk with her daughter Mae and a mystery man
Home and Away: Kate Ritchie brings her daughter along for breakfast with Ray Meagher
Nova's Kate Ritchie makes important announcement after confirming rehab stint
Kate Ritchie to continue absence from Nova radio show
Kate Ritchie shares message about Christmas after confirming she is in rehab
Home and Away star Kate Ritchie admits she is in rehab for alcohol dependency
Home and Away's Kate Ritchie is spotted entering mental health clinic following drink driving charge
Kate Ritchie says she's a 'proud mumma' as daughter Mae, eight, performs at festival
Kate Ritchie says she won't push her daughter Mae, eight, into acting
Kate Ritchie breaks her silence on her 'huge career change' after announcing her departure from Nova
Kate Ritchie is seen for the first time since her shock departure from Nova on Halloween
Kate Ritchie set to be replaced by Ricki-Lee Coulter on Nova after falling out with Tim Blackwell
Kate Ritchie to make her acting comeback in Seven's The Claremont Murders
Inside Kate Ritchie's shock exit from Nova... as her REAL astronomical salary is revealed
Kate Ritchie steps down from Nova FM drive show after drink driving charge
Australia's Got Talent's Kate Ritchie awards The Ramadhani Brothers the Golden Buzzer
Kate Ritchie reveals her big fear joining the Australia's Got Talent judging panel
Home and Away star Kate Ritchie reveals her bunions as she goes barefoot on a cruise
Australia's Got Talent: Kate Ritchie gets emotional as she makes long-awaited debut


text:
The Whitechapel Jewess
'Midge, you'd better ring up your shop.'
Midge went slowly to the telephone.
Her life had always been so entirely normal and commonplace that she felt she lacked the phraseology to explain to her employers that after four days' holiday she was unable to return to work owing to the fact that she was mixed up in a murder case.
It did not sound credible. It did not even feel credible.
And Madame Alfrege was not a very easy person to explain things to at any time.
Midge set her chin resolutely and picked up the receiver.
It was all just as unpleasant as she had imagined it would be. The raucous voice of the vitriolic little Jewess came angrily over the wires.
'What wath that, Mith Hardcathle? A death? A funeral? Do you not know very well I am short-handed? Do you think I am going to stand for these excutheth? Oh, yeth, you are having a good time, I dare thay!'
Midge interrupted, speaking sharply and distinctly.
'The poleeth? The poleeth, you thay?' It was almost a scream. 'You are mixed up with the poleeth?'
Setting her teeth, Midge continued to explain. Strange how sordid that woman at the other end made the whole thing seem. A vulgar police case. What alchemy there was in human beings!
Edward opened the door and came in, then seeing that Midge was telephoning, he was about to go out. She stopped him.
'Do stay, Edward. Please. Oh, I want you to.'
The presence of Edward in the room gave her strength – counteracted the poison.
She took her hand from where she had laid it over the mouthpiece.
'What? Yes. I am sorry, Madame. But after all, it is hardly my fault –'
The ugly raucous voice was screaming angrily.
'Who are thethe friendth of yourth? What thort of people are they to have the poleeth there and a man shot? I've a good mind not to have you back at all! I can't have the tone of my ethtablishment lowered.'
Midge made a few submissive non-committal replies. She replaced the receiver at last, with a sigh of relief. She felt sick and shaken.
'It's the place I work,' she explained. 'I had to let them know that I wouldn't be back until Thursday because of the inquest and the – the police.'
'I hope they were decent about it? What is it like, this dress shop of yours? Is the woman who runs it pleasant and sympathetic to work for?'
'I should hardly describe her as that! She's a Whitechapel Jewess with dyed hair and a voice like a corncrake.'
Agatha Christie, The Hollow (1946) pp. 114-115


text:
Committee to consider sustainable investment
University Senate Council President Frank Wilson spoke about the negative effects of the recent Republican house tax bill at the November Senate Council meeting. (Photo by Christian Snyder | Contributing Editor)
By Madison Hook | Staff Writer
Student activist Sarah Grguras says people often ask her what the money Pitt invests in the fossil fuel industry could go toward.
Her response? "Literally anything."
"They could invest in the Pittsburgh public schools, or they could invest in us," the junior environmental science and ecology major at Pitt said. "It could really cause a ripple effect if a huge university like Pitt decides to divest [from fossil fuels]."
After several protests against Pitt's controversial investments in the fossil fuel industry, the University will consider the opinions of Pitt students like Grguras and faculty members through a socially responsible investing ad hoc committee.
The original divestment committee — appointed in May 2016 by University Senate Council President Frank Wilson — comprised only University Senate Council members. Wilson and the rest of the divestment committee then presented a resolution for a socially responsible investing ad hoc committee — which would include student and faculty representation — first to the University Senate Council and then to the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees approved the committee early this semester.
The ad hoc committee will focus on changing Pitt's investment priorities, an issue first brought to the surface by student environmental organizations, Wilson said.
"[The socially responsible investing ad hoc committee] started with a committee formed to look at fossil fuel divestment and that was at the initiative of student groups and faculty members," Wilson said.
One of the student groups that helped uncover the University's controversial investments was the Fossil Free Pitt Coalition, a group formed in 2014 made up of 49 clubs such as Pitt Men's Rugby and the Muslim Student Alliance. For three years, the coalition pressured University board members through protests and letter drops. The group met with the University Senate Council faculty committee last year, and the faculty committee ultimately voted for the creation of the committee to support and research the environmental and financial implications of divestment in fossil fuels.
The University, sitting on an endowment of $3.5 billion each year, invests at least $26 million of that into an offshore fossil fuel fund, according to information the University released to the Fossil Free Pitt Coalition in February 2016. Of the $26 million invested in fossil fuels, the University invests about $18 million in oil and natural gas companies and about $8 million in coal companies.
Wilson has doubts about these numbers, though, saying that the $26 million likely only accounts for direct investment in fossil fuels, instead of representing all funds that contribute to fossil fuels.
"It was clear it was only the direct independent investment," Wilson said. "But there is still more because a lot of those conglomerated kinds of funds they invest in weren't included in there too."
The University invests about $2 billion of its endowments in commingled funds — funds that distribute the money among a number of different companies — according to information previously published by The Pitt News. It's possible some of these commingled funds invest in companies that produce fossil fuels.
Grguras, who acts as a core organizer for the Fossil Free Pitt Coalition, said despite the coalition's efforts, details of many of Pitt's investments are kept under wraps, with Chancellor Patrick Gallagher often declining right-to-know requests. This makes it nearly impossible for students or faculty to find out information regarding how the endowment funds are being used, she said.
"The University hasn't been very transparent when it comes to their investments," Grguras said. "We pay tuition money, so this is our University, not theirs."
The University declined to answer questions regarding its disclosure of information about investments and about how much money Pitt's fossil fuel investments generate.
But these investments in the fossil fuel industry, Wilson said, are part of a much bigger issue — how public universities use their endowments.
"There's a debate on what should be the driving force behind endowment investments — if it should be just money, or more than that," Wilson said. "We need to look at socially responsible investments while also trying to make the world a better place."
This is one of the reasons, Wilson said, the socially responsible investing committee will be made up of a small group of people that will represent the community and bridge the gap between Pitt students, faculty and administration.
"Our goal is to open up some dialogue between faculty and students and even trustees who hold a lot of the power," Wilson said.
Isabelle Ouyang, a junior English writing major and member of the Fossil Free Pitt Coalition, said as a student at this University, it's not comforting to know Pitt invests in harmful industries.
"We come here because Pitt is promising to better our futures, but they are also investing into an industry that is actively contributing to the destruction of our future," Ouyang said.
Pitt spokesperson Joe Miksch said the University will create a separate committee of financial experts, put together by Gallagher, that will make recommendations regarding fossil fuel investment once the socially responsible investing ad hoc committee collects its findings on the topic of divestment.
Although the ad hoc committee's start date is unknown and the committee still awaits commitment from several members, Wilson said once everything is finalized the University will take suggestions from the community in regard to fossil fuel investments.
"We have to face the complexities of this," Wilson said. "It's a matter of our future."
Isabelle Ouyang previously wrote for the opinions desk at The Pitt News.
fossil free Pitt coalition
fossil fuel divestment
Analysis: Comparing Pitt's current Ballard Spahr spending with pre-unionization
Gallagher announces further steps to prevent sexual misconduct
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Ex-police officer acquitted in Antwon Rose case sues Pitt
Provost's office accepting OER grant applications
School of Education receives $1 million Gates grant
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Racial slurs case remains unsolved three months later
Pitt's bill for 'union avoidance' law firm passes $1 million
Pitt administrators to launch new art initiative


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Hello All! It's an exciting day for us at Cohoon's. We are officially online with our website and Facebook Fan Page.
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text:
Hoodlums killed 22 police officers, destroyed 205 stations – IG Adamu
The Inspector-General of Police, Mohammed Adamu, has confirmed that 22 officers were killed across Nigeria in the aftermath of the End SARS protests.
He also announced that 205 police stations and formations were destroyed.
Adamu, in a statement on Friday by the Force spokesman, Frank MBA, insisted that the police acted professionally and exercised restraint.
His comment followed the report by Amnesty International that police personnel shot at peaceful protesters.
The IGP described the conclusion as untrue, misleading and contrary to all available empirical evidences.
Adamu noted that during the protests, officers used legitimate means to ensure that the protests were carried out in a peaceful manner.
He said in most cases, operatives physically protected and walked side-by-side with the demonstrators.
The IGP reiterated that even when the protests turned violent in some parts of the country, the officers did not use excessive force in managing situations.
"Available reports show that 22 police personnel were extra-judicially killed by some rampaging protesters and scores injured during the protests. Many of the injured personnel are in life-threatening conditions at the hospitals. 205 stations and formations including other critical private and public infrastructure were also damaged by a section of the protesters.
"Despite these unprovoked attacks, our police officers never resorted to the use of unlawful force or shooting at the protesters as alleged in the report. It is also beggars imagination that Amnesty International failed to mention or pay tribute to police officers who were gruesomely murdered during the protests while serving their fatherland.
"The Force decries the discriminatory tendencies exhibited by Amnesty International as seen in the report. One wonders if in the estimation of Amnesty International, police officers are not also human beings equally entitled to the protection of their fundamental rights to life and dignity of human person," the statement read.
Noting that the Force is committed to the government's ongoing reforms to improve service delivery, positive police-citizen relationship and respect for human rights, Adamu enjoined AI to ensure they subject their reports to adequate scrutiny and proper verification of facts.
COVID-19 vaccine to be available by December
End SARS: Arise, AIT, Channels escalated violence – Buhari Media claims


This system has been developed in Tamil Nadu State of India, using SRI ideas and practices to come up with a methodology particularly suited to local conditions in the Cauvery Delta region. The concern of farmers there is that very young seedlings will be dessicated by the intense sun and continuous wind. Transplanting very young seedlings in clumps of five for their first two weeks out of the nursery gives them some protection against sun and wind. Retransplanting them singly after two weeks means that they are then stronger and able to grow vigorously with no mortality. Farmers find that the plants' performance is enough better to justify the additional labor. The yield results, average 7.5 t/ha, are very rewarding.
1. Reduce input costs, with higher returns.
2. Give young rice plants the best opportunity for growth by transplanting seedlings a second time at 30 days, one seedling/hill, after they are first transplanted at 12 days in clumps. This gives them more protection from the sun and air currents that can desiccate them in local climatic conditions.
3. Transplant seedlings in a square pattern to give them ample growth space above and below ground.
4. Use a cono-weeder ('rotovator') to improve soil conditions as well to accomplish weeding to support better plant growth.
5. Carry out irrigation so that water is applied only once the soil becomes dry, to keep it moist but never saturated. This reduces irrigation water requirements by about 500mm.
1. A place with suitable irrigation and drainage facilities is needed to get good seedlings within 12 days.
2. A nursery area of 100 sq. m. is prepared. This is all that is required for planting one hectare of crop (just 2.5 cents).
3. A 300 gauge polythene sheet, 200ft in length and 1m in breadth, is required for raising enough seedlings for one hectare.
4. A frame with dimensions of 1m length, 0.5m breath and 4cm height, is required for sowing the seeds.
5. The frame is filled with press-mud or other compost.
6. 5kg of sprouted seeds, treated with azospirillum and phosphobacterium, are required for sowing one hectare. These are planted at the rate of 45g per compartment, and the seeds are covered lightly with sieved press mud.
7. Watering is done with a sprinkling can twice daily until the fifth day.
8. A 0.5% urea spray is applied on the 8th day, dissolving 150g in 30 liters of water.
9. Twelve-day-old seedlings, with their roots and seed sacs still kept in the cake, are taken to the main field.
10. A small area of 8 cents in one corner of the field is prepared for transplanting these young seedlings. It is enough for later transplanting one hectare.
11. In this small portion, 4 to 5 seedling are planted per hill at a square spacing of 15cm between hills.
12. On the 15th day, 0.5% urea spray is given.
By 28 days, the paddy seedlings will be well-grown, 25cm height, with good root growth.
SECOND TRANSPLANTATION: At 30 days, the seedlings are carefully removed from these first hills and are separated and spread over the entire main field, with a spacing of 20x20cm between single plants. This work can be done for a hectare by 15 laborers in one day.
1. Seedlings are well grown, and there is zero mortality.
2. As the seedlings are well grown, there is little or no weed problem.
3. As the seedling are tall, they are able to tolerate standing water from day one, which permits weed control by flooding.
4. Separation of single seedlings is much easier.
5. Establishment of the crop is much faster, and it is possible to work with the cono-weeder from the 10th day.
6. No special training or effort is needed for this technology as all preparations can done be the same way that farmers usually practice rice cultivation.
WEED MANAGEMENT: On the 10th day after this second tranplanting, a cono-weeder is drawn along and across the rows of plants, being pushed 3 to 4 times in both directions. There is a saving of 10 labor-days/ha as this single weeding is sufficient.
1. First, phosphorous and potash fertilizer is applied as a basal dose.
2. On the 15th day after cono weeding, 30kg of urea is applied.
3. Again on the 30th day, 30kg/ha is applied.
4. On the 45th day, 30kg/ha along with 30kg potash is applied.
REMARKS: This information was provided from Kadiramangalam village, by Rajesh Kumar and Sourav Nayak who are the assigned agricultural extension personnel. They testified that this modified system of rice intensification developed and practiced in the village by Mr S. Gopal, a B.Sc graduate, is well suited for the Cauvery Delta zone of Tamil Nadu State.


How so very much can change within 365 days.
Last year at this time we were actually in Canada and my sister's family too, but we were only visiting. Not long after that trip, my friend came to Europe to adventure around with us there for a couple of weeks, as we had our apartment.
Now, only one year later, I'm here in Sask. alone, because Michiel returned to visit HIS family back in Europe and our apartment there will go from being rented out to officially sold to the tenants.
We moved to Canada after lots of paperwork and prayer and we felt that God opened some paperwork/housing/job doors just perfectly to lead us where He wanted.
So after one last visit in Europe from my Mom, (during which we got to witness the Azure Window in Malta, days before its collapse), the apartment and our lives got packed into crates and suitcases, Mike and I left on wonderful trip to South Africa and then we moved into my parent's basement the spring of 2017.
To go from me having moved to Europe and visiting home for the holidays, to the exact opposite happening for my husband, in only one short year, seems pretty crazy when you boil it down and think about it.
I think back years ago to a New Year's Eve when I was at my best friends house.
We were wearing big comfortable sweaters, chilling with her family and singing the odd entertaining song in the kitchen while the new year came in, not knowing it would be our last spent together.
The year after that I was in Austria, dating my now husband, sadly recalling the last New Year's Day and looking forward with hopeful excitement.
The following year was my first living in Holland and experiencing the spectacular firework display.
Last year I was home to visit and now this year, Lord willing I'm here to stay for some time.
Obviously, I gotta drink more water, humans shouldn't live off coffee alone… supposedly.
Less screen time, more face to face time.
More games, conversations, time being really together.
Enjoying the things we are blessed with instead of always looking for ways to get more.
Spend more time reading the bible and drawing closer to its author.
May the Lord bless and keep you, guiding your steps as this new year begins.


I read this article and found it very interesting, thought it might be something for you. The article is called MISSING PERSON • Joseph Jack Desjarlais • Ponoka, Alberta • 20 Years Old and is located at https://alberta.missing.report/joseph-desjarlais-ponoka/.
Help spread the word about Joseph Desjarlais out of Ponoka by sharing this report.
PONOKA — The Alberta RCMP and the missing's family are asking for the public's assistance in locating missing 20 year old Joseph Jack Desjarlais out of the Ponoka, Alberta area.
Joseph was last seen on March 5th, 2019 in Ponoka at the Centennial Centre.
He was last seen wearing a blue hoodie and grey sweatpants.
There are concerns for his general well-being.
If you have any information in regards to Joseph's whereabouts, you are being asked to contact Ponoka RCMP detachment at 403-783-4472.
Thank you for all of your efforts in helping us spread the word about missing people like Joseph across Alberta. We do our best to inform the general public about missing people across Canada.
Lisa Beauregard I agree as the number of people missing that were reported is up to approximately 54 people this year.
Thoughts and prayers to the family and friends of this young man !!


text:
Pace of Canadian housing starts up in March on seasonally adjusted basis: CMHC
OTTAWA — Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. says the pace of housing starts picked up in March.
The national housing agency says the seasonally adjusted annual rate of housing starts climbed to 192,527 units in March, compared with 166,290 units in February.
Economists on average had expected an annual pace of 196,500, according to Thomson Reuters Eikon.
The reading came as starts of urban multiple-unit projects such as condominiums, apartments and townhouses increased 18.6 per cent to 135,894 units in March. The rate of single-detached urban starts rose 12.1 per cent to 42,139 units.
Rural starts were estimated at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 14,494 units.
The six-month moving average of the monthly seasonally adjusted annual rate of housing starts was 202,279 in March compared with 202,039 in February.
Apartment where Ernest Hemingway lived to go up for sale in Toronto
Ontario realtors advise government to end so-called 'bully' offers


Another episode in the thrilling adventures of automatic hot beverage creation. This is a bit of an improvement over the original set up which you can see here.
I added cable ties to the switch bracket to make it a bit more stable, stuck the hose in the channel via some industrial velcro, put the solenoid valve and relay in a box with some rubber grommets and sealed the relay in a plastic bag. The whole setup is now more stable and looks a bit better.
I am still not totally happy. Next steps are to increase the length of the feed line going to the coffee maker and length of the wires going to the switch so I can tuck the whole unit behind the coffee maker. I think I am almost finished though. The switch is a little touchy and turns on and off rapidly due to the solenoid's vibrations, but I think I can live with that at least for now.


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