Vegan Cat Food - Can You Feed A Cat A Meat And Dairy Free Diet?
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Vegan Cat Food – Can You Feed A Cat A Meat And Dairy Free Diet?
Welcome to our complete guide about vegan cat food.
Many of us are now choosing to reduce our consumption of animal products by either eating a vegetarian or vegan diet.
But where does this leave our cats? Is it ok to feed them a meat-based diet while feeling uncomfortable about eating animal products ourselves?
Or is it possible to feed cats a plant-based diet as well?
In this article, we'll take a look at the science behind vegan cat food.
Is it a good choice for your feline friend? And if so, which should you choose, and how often should you feed it?
We'll answer those questions, and lots more.
You may have heard others mention that fact that cats are obligate carnivores. If you're not sure what this means exactly, or the implications for their diet, we'll take a look at that too.
First of all, let's take a closer look at exactly what vegan cat food is.
What Is Vegan Cat Food?
Vegan cat food contains no animal products, or animal by-products.
Vegan cat kibble will typically contain a mix of ingredients such as oatmeal, soy, dried peas, beet pulp, and yeast.
Wet vegan cat food will usually contain a similar blend of vegetables such as carrots, potatoes, and peas. They may also include rice and oats.
With either kibble or wet food, it's important to ensure the level of protein within the food is high. It must also contain taurine, as well as a sufficient blend of the correct vitamins and minerals to meet your cat's needs.
You might also consider making a homemade vegan cat food.
It can be difficult to ensure that homemade diet contains everything your cat needs though, so this isn't an easy option.
Is Vegan Cat Food Good For Cats?
The answer to this isn't clear cut, and certainly seems to divide opinion.
There's plenty of cat owners who feel that their cats thrive on a vegan diet.
On the other side of the fence, some people feel it's ethically wrong to deprive a cat of their natural diet.
But rather than focus on anecdotal evidence, we'll look at scientific evidence.
Due to the lack of published studies, we also considered those which looked at vegetarian cat food.
Let's take a look at both sides of the argument now.
One study in 2006 examined both the health of cats fed a vegetarian diet, versus those fed a conventional, meat-based diet.
It was found that cats fed a vegetarian diet had normal levels of both taurine, and B12 (serum cobalamin).
This study also examined the reasons behind cat owner's choices to feed their cats a vegetarian diet.
The reasons given were largely ethical, and that meat-based cat food products are potentially unwholesome.
Many vegans are concerned about the quality and origin of meat-based cat food. Some diseases such as liver, kidney, and heart diseases have been documented in pets fed a meat-based diet.
The website Vege Pets have summarised some of those findings.
Bear in mind that due to the lack of studies on cats fed a plant-based diet, it's impossible to know if there would be any difference if they were compared side by side.
A study published in 2004 examined the nutritional content of two vegan cat foods. It found that they were both lacking in essential nutrients.
This study did have its limitations, and the authors acknowledged that variations between batches, or the nutrient content of key ingredients means the results are not conclusive.
Cailin Heinze, Assistant Professor of Nutrition at Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, suggests that feeding cats a vegan diet is inappropriate for their physiology, and she doesn't recommend it.
One study examined what's known as the 'vegetarian dilemma' when feeding our pets, although of course this can be extended to vegans.
The study found that pet owners felt more guilt feeding their cats a vegetarian diet, when compared to dogs.
Participants mainly said that they felt vegetarian diets were inappropriate for cats, and that some felt guilty when imposing this choice upon their cats.
In order to make an informed decision as to whether you would like to make the transition to using a vegan cat food, it's important to understand which nutrients your cat needs.
Cats need around 40% protein in their diet. This is usually in the form of meat. This protein contains taurine, an essential amino acid for cats.
Unlike most mammals, cats can't synthesise taurine from other amino acids. So they must obtain all taurine from their diet.
Taurine is used by cats to ensure reproductive health, and for optimum functioning of their hearts, and eyes.
Cats also need a range of vitamins in their diets. This includes Vitamin A, B1, and D3.
The omega-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid is also an important nutrient, which cats cannot make themselves and must get in their diet.
Whatever food you give your cat, whether it be meat-based or vegan, it's important to ensure it contains suitable levels of these nutrients.
If you do decide to feed your cat a plant-based diet, there are a few health implications to take into consideration.
Many cat owners are aware that feeding their cat a vegan diet is possible, but that it can be problematic.
Make sure that you speak to your veterinarian about these implications, and how to monitor your cat to minimise the chances of these problems developing.
What Is An Obligate Carnivore?
One of the main arguments against feeding your cat a vegan, plant-based diet is that cats are what is known as obligate carnivores.
Obligate carnivores are also sometimes called true carnivores.
Animals in this category are designed to eat a meat-based diet only.
The nutrients that they get from this meat include the fatty acid arachidonic acid, as well as taurine, niacin, and the vitamins A, B1, and B12.
Given that cats are designed to eat meat, it makes sense that they also require a high level of protein in their diets.
If, after taking all the potential pros and cons of feeding your cat a vegan diet, you decide to go ahead, it's best to select a ready-made product.
This will ensure the correct levels of all essential nutrients should be met.
Also, pet food brand Hill's recommend selecting vegan cat foods which have passed clinical feeding trials, as these will be nutritionally balanced.
Ami Cat Food is a trusted eco brand, and this formulation of vegan kibble is GMO free.
It includes a balanced formula specifically for cats.
Benevo Vegan Adult Cat Food contains 28% protein, spirulina, pre-biotics, and taurine.
It's also free of genetically modified ingredients, artificial flavors and colors.
Wysong Vegan Feline/Canine Dry Food contains flaxseeds.
It's rich in vitamins, probiotics, and minerals.
Evolution Cat Food provides 100% plant-based nutrition.
It contains 30% protein, as well as using human grade ingredients.
If you do decide to feed your cat a vegan cat food, it's vital that you make the transition carefully, and with the support of your veterinarian.
Veterinarian Andrew Knight recommends starting with a mix of 90% old food, and 10% new food. Gradually increase the amount of new food for a number of weeks.
This will allow your cat's digestive system time to adjust.
It's incredibly important that you monitor the acidity of your cat's urine as you make the transition.
Plant-based diets are higher in alkaline than a meat-based diet. An increase in urinary alkalinisation can result in the formation of urinary stones, which can block your cat's urinary tract.
The author of Obligate Carnivore, Jed Gillen, recommends establishing a baseline for your cat's usual urinary pH before changing their diet.
Monitoring should be carried out once a week while transitioning. After this, he recommends you monitor their urine once a month for the rest of their life.
As with any other type of cat food, make sure you follow the guidelines for how much to feed your cat.
Split their food into small portions spread throughout the day. And ensure that fresh water is always available.
Is Vegan Cat Food The Right Choice For Your Cat?
Only you can decide what the best choice for your cat is.
If you do decide to transition your cat onto a vegan cat food, we strongly suggest you speak to your vet first.
You may wish to keep a closer eye on your cat's health as you make the switch.
Some vegan cat foods are marketed as being suitable for both dogs and cats. While this might seem convenient, remember that dogs and cats have very different nutritional requirements.
It's always best to select a food which is designed specifically for felines.
Of course, one option is to combine a vegan kibble with a high-quality meat-based wet food.
Choosing to feed a plant-based diet to an animal that is ultimately designed to eat meat can be a difficult decision.
Have you transitioned your cat onto a vegan diet?
Or do you think cats should always be provided with access to meat?
Gray et al. (2004). Nutritional adequacy of two vegan diets for cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Association.
Wakefield, et al. (2006). Evaluation of cats fed vegetarian diets and attitudes of their caregivers. Journal of the American Veterinary Association.
Rothgerber, H. (2015). Carnivorous cats, vegetarian dogs, and the resolution of the vegetarian's dilemma. Anthrozoos.
Coates. (2012). Can cats be vegetarians? PetMD.
Gillen, J. (2003). Obligate carnivores: cats, dogs, and what it really means to be vegan. Steinhost Books.
Hill's. Vegan cat food for carnivorous felines?
Should your pet go on a vegetarian diet? PetMD.
What do cats eat? The Happy Cat Site.
Urinary health of cats and effects of a vegan diet. VGRRR.
Knight, A. (2008). Vegan pet food. Fishy business? Lifescape Animals.
Your pet's nutrition needs compared to yours. WebMD.
Vegan animal diets: facts and myths. The Vegan Society.
Becker. (2016). Got dogs and cats? Do this in a pinch, but don't make a habit of it. Healthy Pets.


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Fort Lauderdale Federal Crime Attorney > Miami Federal Drug Crime Attorney
Miami Federal Drug Crime Attorney
Miami's reputation was tarnished for decades as a hotbed of drug crime. As a result, federal dollars flowed into the Miami DEA office, and prosecutors stepped up their efforts to investigate, arrest and prosecute drug crimes from the lowest levels to the highest. Federal agents enthusiastically seek out drug crime arrests in Miami, and U.S. Attorneys zealously prosecute and seek the maximum penalties from federal judges. If you are under investigation for a drug crime in South Florida or if you have been arrested on federal drug charges, make sure you receive high-quality representation from an experienced and successful Miami federal drug crime attorney. Call Bruce L. Udolf, P.A.
Can the federal government prosecute me for simple possession in Miami?
Many low-level drug offenders and innocent persons have got caught in the crossfire in the federal government's war on drugs. The DEA isn't just out to bust big Miami drug cartels. Big drug busts make the headlines, but one of the ways law enforcement agents get to the big busts is by arresting lots of people for minor offenses, hoping they can force defendants to give up higher-level offenders and work their way up the food chain.
Individuals in Miami even need to watch out for possession of small amounts of marijuana when it comes to federal drug charges. Even though marijuana is legal in Florida for medicinal purposes, the federal government claims that marijuana has "no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse." This definition classifies marijuana (cannabis) as a Schedule I drug, alongside heroin, LSD, ecstasy and peyote. Schedule I drugs are subject to severe penalties for federal drug trafficking. Having just one marijuana plant or any quantity under 50 kilograms can result in up to five years in the federal penitentiary and fines up to $250,000 on a first offense. Maximum prison time and fines double for a second offense.
Can the feds take my property if I'm accused of a drug crime in Miami?
U.S. asset forfeiture laws allow the DEA, the FBI, the DOJ and other federal agencies to seize your property, sell it and keep the money for themselves. To do this, the government needs to prove one of the following:
The property was bought with proceeds from a crime
The property is itself proceeds of a crime
The property was used to facilitate a crime
The property was used to make a crime harder to detect by law enforcement
If the government believes that particular property was used in or derived from a crime, they can bring an indictment against the property at the same time they bring an indictment against the accused. If the defendant is convicted, the judge or jury will move on to decide whether the property can be forfeited.
The U.S. government also has an administrative forfeiture procedure that happens outside of court. Under the Tariff Act of 1930, they can seize and forfeit any conveyance, such as a boat, plane or truck, which was used to import, transport or store a controlled substance. They can also seize monetary instruments and personal property that is worth as much as $500,000. If you file a claim against the agency taking your property, they'll have to either give it back to you or bring an action in federal court. If you fail to file a claim, your property can be forfeited in an administrative proceeding.
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If you have been arrested on federal drug charges in Miami, get help from a former federal drug crime prosecutor with over a decade of experience defending people charged with federal drug offenses in Miami and South Florida. Call Bruce L. Udolf, P.A., for immediate assistance.
In pre-trial motions, courtroom trials and appeals, Bruce offers cogent legal arguments that demonstrate a firm grasp of the law and the thorough preparation it takes to win the day.
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On multiple Vehicular Homicide/DUI manslaughter charges where the defendant had been accused of driving the...
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A case where prison officials were criminally charged with violating the civil rights of an inmate in U.S. District...
On a first-degree murder charge in a case defended on a self-defense theory based on the "battered woman syndrome."...
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A group of posts and articles about issues which directly effect those under Federal Investigation and Indictment. Includes pretrial supervision, and primers for the Bureau of Prisons.
Anthony, a 28 year-old African-American school bus driver with no criminal record, is in the passenger seat of a friend's car when the police pull it over for a burned-out brake light. The cops search the car, and they find a pipe with marijuana residue in the console. In New York, simple possession of marijuana leads only to a civil violation, but the police describe this pipe as being "open to public view"— so they arrest both men and bump the charges up to misdemeanors.
Because of that charge, Anthony is automatically and immediately suspended from the job he has held for seven years, pending the disposition of the case.
And later it goes on to discuss why the prosecutor maintained the criminal charge, versus deflating it to a civil penalty. One year free and clear of crime was the first offer the prosecutor put forward in order to drop the misdemeanor charge. Anthony balked, and that was taken down to 90 days. That's still three months without a paycheck. Anthony balked again and the case was rescheduled for hearing in another month. Anthony is unemployed until then.
We tend to think that the job of a conscientious justice professional is to protect a presumptively safe system from dishonest, lazy, or incompetent fellow humans. But in Anthony's case none of the humans violated the rules. No one likes the outcome, but everyone did his or her individual job as they'd been taught to do it.
Does that mean no one is responsible? Safety experts in aviation, medicine, and other fields would say everyone is responsible.
The cops made the stop and wrote the "public view" application; the prosecutors "papered" the case and refused to throw out the misdemeanor; the defense failed to find a way to make the questionable basis for the charge count for something; the judge took the path of least resistance and gave the thing a new date.
All the while Anthony is out of a job, on the unemployment lines, and absorbing resources from the system rather than adding to them. First-time offenders often don't do what is required to make situations like this better for them because the system just rolls over them in a cacophony of lethargy and apathy. Learn how to avoid mistakes first timers make to avoid looking at the unemployment line or worse.
Visit the First-Time-Offender website and read up on protecting yourself from becoming just another story.
[Prosecutors] have been described as "virtuous," "prudent," "ethical," "good," "unique," and "gamesmen." But there is one persona that seems to have eluded characterization and commentary: the prosecutor as a bully. In fact, one of the most prominent features of U.S. prosecutors is their ability to threaten, intimidate, and embarrass anyone – defendants, witnesses, lawyers – without any accountability or apology. This is the conduct of a bully.
Are the prosecutor's threats a legitimate exercise of prosecutorial power? Do these threats enhance or degrade the prosecutor's ethical duty to serve justice?
Gershman goes on to highlight prosecutorial conduct in coercing guilty pleas, attacking defense experts, bullying defense witnesses (and even their own prosecution witnesses), compelling waiver of civil rights claims, retaliation, demagoguery, shaming, and coercing corporate cooperation.
Look for future posts highlighting more sections of this important essay. Any first-time offender will learn quickly how true this information is. He or she will feel bullied and coerced by the prosecuting attorney and wonder how this is part of the legal system they've been taught to trust. A fantastic guide for all first time offenders can be found at the first-time-offender website, which hosts the ultimate resource for anybody facing their first charge.


Heri Dono to represent Indonesia at the 56th Venice Biennale 2015.
Heri Dono (born 1960) is Indonesia's leading contemporary artist, the first Indonesian contemporary artist to break into the global art scene in the early 1990s, who has since then been participating in no less than 27 international biennales. He is also the only contemporary Indonesian artist to have been invited to the Biennale Arte's own curatorial exhibition in 2003 (Zone of Urgency), Angels, mythical monsters and the Trojan horse are three recurrent metaphors in Heri Dono's oeuvre of more than two decades of fusing the local with the contemporary. Consisting of painting, installations, video art and performance, his bizarre, grotesque images that hover between frightful and witty, satirical and moqueing appearances commenting on social and political situations have been inspired by the Javanese folk theater, the wayang, as well as by cartoons, comics and daily situations.
In the Indonesian Pavilion which is themed "Voyage", Heri Dono presents his site- specific work, a fusion of the Trojan Horse and the Indonesian Komodo dragon (dubbed Trokomod), shaped as an amphibious hybrid "animal" of 7.5 x 3 x 3.5 meter. With this hybrid 'vehicle' which encompasses his entire world vision where East and West merge, he explores the state of the world, at the same time exploring his place and the country's in the global constellation of nations. "Indonesia has for most of the time been a blank spot on the world map, he asserts, now is the time to speak up'. With this he wants to show another way of asserting power.
While the appearance of Trokomod may be frightful, the interior presents a soft power using material like rattan, and a ceiling covered with a canvas on which batik symbols of all religions denote the wish for peaceful religious pluralism, Trokomod's voyaging through history and plying the oceans between cultures is the culmination of his critical views about global and local cultures, about political, geopolitical and social situations at home and in the world, and about Western hegemonies that he used to reveal with a lot of humor and a touch of human benevolence. Trokomod, however has added an etchy touch.
Within the 'animal's interior, visitors can peep through telescopes to see artifacts and images of important cultural significance that is perceived to have marked the Western world, and operate the periscope showing selected markers of Indonesian and Eastern significance.
Traditional vessels of the past that mutated in the course of time, are hanging above the hybrid animal fusing memory of Indonesia's maritime position in the past and a view for the future.


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At least four dead as police attempt to suppress riots in Bahrain
13:17 17/02/2011 MOSCOW, February 17 (RIA Novosti) - At least four people have died and nearly 100 have been injured in Bahrain's capital of Manama as riot police attempt to suppress demonstrators inspired by recent coups in Egypt and Tunisia, according to media reports.
Thousands of mainly Shiite protesters have been camped out on Manama's central square for three days demanding more political representation in a country ruled by a Sunni Muslim monarchy.
Reports said earlier in the day police arrived on Pearl Square during the night while many of the protesters were asleep and began using rubber bullets and teargas to break up the camp.
Mattar's Shiite opposition Wefaq party, which has walked out of parliament, on Wednesday demanded a new constitution that would steer the country towards democracy.


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MOVES-Goldman Sachs China investment banking co-head to retire
HONG KONG, Oct 30 (Reuters) - Goldman Sachs Group Inc's co-head of its China investment banking business, Hansong Zhu, is retiring from the U.S. bank, according to an internal memo seen by Reuters on Wednesday.
Zhu, who has been with the firm for more than 19 years, was also Goldman's head of the industrial and natural resources group in Asia ex-Japan and general manager of its China securities joint venture Goldman Sachs Gao Hua, according to the memo.
A Goldman spokesman in Hong Kong confirmed the content of the memo.
Wei Cai, who is co-head of China investment banking alongside Zhu at Goldman, will become the sole head of the unit. Zhu joined Goldman as an associate in 2000 and was named managing director in 2005 and partner in 2008. (Reporting by Julie Zhu and Sumeet Chatterjee; Editing by Kirsten Donovan)


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Home Uncategorized Will vaccines work against the new coronavirus variants?
Will vaccines work against the new coronavirus variants?
(HealthDay)—Everyone has heard the scary reports about the new, more infectious coronavirus variants that are circulating in countries around the world, but scientists aren't pushing the panic button at this point.
Why? Because the new COVID-19 vaccines should still work on these viral interlopers.
Luckily, the new variants still rely on the coronavirus' "spike protein" to infect cells, and the two COVID vaccines now on the U.S. market specifically target the spike protein to prevent transmission, explained Dr. Kathryn Edwards, scientific director of the Vanderbilt University Vaccine Research Program in Nashville.
"The spike is really critical. It's really what is needed to interact with the cell," Edwards said. "So, I think it would be hard to circumvent the spike in terms of function."
New COVID variants out of Britain, South Africa and Brazil appear to be more infectious, possibly because the spike protein has mutated to make transmission between people easier, said Dr. Mirella Salvatore, an infectious disease expert and assistant professor at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York City.
"The spike protein is needed to bind to the cell, to allow the virus to enter," Salvatore explained. "If there are a lot of these mutations, maybe this binding is stronger and the virus can enter more easily. This is a possibility why this virus seems to transmit more easily."
But the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are designed to not only target the spike protein, but to promote the creation of antibodies that will attack it in several different ways, Salvatore said.
Therefore, it's not likely that a mutation would be able to evade the complex immune response created by a vaccine, even if the mutation makes the spike protein more effective at infecting unvaccinated people, the experts said.
"It's not one single antibody, so if there is a mutation that changed a little bit of the structure of the spike protein, then there would be a lot of other substantial antibodies that would be able to stop the virus from attacking the cell and entering the cell," Salvatore noted.
Edwards and Salvatore spoke Thursday during a briefing hosted by the Infectious Diseases Society of America, of which they are both fellows.
There was a bit of bad news delivered during the briefing: The new Brazilian and South African variants do appear to be capable of reinfecting people who've had COVID before, the experts said.
For example, a Brazilian health care worker fell ill from both the original COVID-19 virus and, months later, again from what turned out to be a new mutation of the virus, Edwards said.
However, the man did not suffer severe illness either time, so it's possible that his body didn't mount a strong enough immune response during the first infection to protect him against the second, Edwards said.
"The height of the antibody response may be somewhat proportional to how sick you are in the beginning. Maybe if the patient had been vaccinated or maybe had a more severe disease, he would have had a higher antibody count that would have protected him," Edwards said.
The heightened transmissibility of the new strains and their potential to evade the natural immunity caused by infection has raised concerns about a new wave of coronavirus in the United States, said Michael Osterholm, director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota.
"I am extremely worried about the U.K. variant," Osterholm said during a HD Live! interview this week. "I think over the course of the next six to 12 weeks we could see the darkest days of this pandemic in this country, with that variant being responsible for greatly increased transmission."
The new variants haven't proven more lethal than the original COVID strain, Salvatore said, but increased infection could increase the number of people who die from the coronavirus.
Public health and infectious disease experts will need to continue to track new variants of COVID and decipher their genetics, just in case a new mutation causes a severe decline in vaccine effectiveness, the experts said.
But if that happens, it likely will be easy to change up the lab-created messenger RNA vaccines to maintain their effectiveness against new mutations, Edwards said.
"That is an advantage of the mRNA vaccines," Edwards said, noting that public health officials already change the flu vaccine every year to maintain its effectiveness against the much more mutation-prone influenza virus.
"That process is done so efficiently by the [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] and other regulators that the ability to change is something we do every year," Edwards said. "I think as we are going forward, we are using influenza as the model."
New virus mutation raises vaccine questions
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has more about COVID-19 variants.
Will vaccines work against the new coronavirus variants? (2021, January 21)
from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-01-vaccines-coronavirus-variants.html
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BBNaija Week 4 Poll 2020 | Week 4 Eviction Poll in BBNaija 2020
BBNaija Week 4 Poll 2020 | Week 4 Eviction Poll in BBNaija 2020.
Welcome to the Big Brother Naija 2020 weekly Poll for your favourite housemate(s) where you can vote online and also check the strength of your favourite housemate in the week 4 poll of the reality TV show.
How to Vote Online for BBNaija 2020 Housemates
Check for the display of your favourite housemate's name or the picture of your BBNaija 2020 best housemate and click on the name or picture, then press the vote button to vote for your preferred housemate in the Big Brother Nigeria reality show.
WEEK 4 POLL CLOSED, CLICK LINK FOR VOTING RESULT
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Names of Housemate Up for Eviction in Week 4
The table above shows how the 2020 BBNaija week 4 nomination went for the for this weeks possible eviction of housemates from the reality show.
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BBNaija week four voting poll
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Big Brother Naija online voting poll week 4
Big Brother Naija 2020 week 4 voting poll
Most Frequently Asked Questions about BBNaija 2020 Show
Below are some of the most important asked questions about the Big Brother Naija 2020 reality TV show in Nigeria by fans of the show globally.
What will the Winner of BBNaija 2020 Get?
The winner of the Big Brother Naija 2020 reality TV show will get a cash prize, as usual, a car, house appliances, and other prizes from the sponsors of the reality television show including travel for vacation.
The Head of House Role in BBN 2020 Show
The head of house (HOH) is the housemate in charge of Biggie's house affairs. He/she does take care of activities in the Big Brother's house.
The head of house challenges usually takes place every Monday before the nomination show begins, and the winner of the challenge becomes the head of house and automatically gets saved from nomination by fellow housemates during that week of ascending the thrown of the head of house.
Instructions from Big Brother to housemates go directly to the head of house before getting across to other housemates in the reality show. In most cases, the head of house stays up to a week on the thrown, if impeachment or any other twist doesn't come up from Biggie.
The head of house has the power to save and replace a nominated housemate if and only if the Veto Power game of chance is not involved in the reality show.
The head of house has a special seat in Big Brother's house when delivering messages from Biggie to other housemates in the reality TV show.
The head of house also has a luxurious private room in Biggie's house, and he or she has the sole right to choose any of the housemates to live in the room with then for one week before the new head of house emerges.
About BBNaija Veto Power Game of Chance 2020
The Big Brother Naija 2020 may have a Veto Power to save and replace a nominated housemate from possible eviction in the reality TV show. The Veto Power game of chance, as the name implies, is a game of luck for all housemates.
It gives the winner the power to save and replace any nominated housemate, including himself or herself, from possible eviction. If the winner of the Veto Power cannot save and replace within the short time given by Biggie, he or she will be up for possible eviction.
The Veto Power cardholder only works immediately after the nomination process. The Veto Power holder may not and doesn't have the power to put the Head of House on the nomination list for possible eviction from the reality show.
Where is the Location of Big Brother Naija 2020?
The location of the BBNaija house is in the busiest city in Africa, which is Lagos. The BBNaija house for the housemates is located somewhere in Lagos Island, Nigeria. Housemates got to stay in for the period of the reality TV show.
The BBNaija house is well furnished with modern-day home with comfort and proper home fittings. The Big Brother house has rooms and apartments for comfortable living by housemates during their stay in the house.
The house has a Lounge, a kitchen with cooking facilities, very spacious dining, with ample sleeping room for housemates, a dressing closet, the head of house luxurious room, an extension outside with garden and a Jacuzzi wide enough for eight (8) persons, a party hall for housemates and the Dairy room where housemates get to be in touch with Biggie.
Who is Biggie in BBNaija 2020 Show?
Biggie, also known as Big Brother, controls the housemates' affairs in the reality TV shows and takes charge completely as Big Brother to all housemates equally with fairness amongst housemates. Biggie is not seen as the voice can be heard loudly in any part of the house. Biggie's voice is unique and always comes when instructions are needed to be sent across to housemates.
Big Brother is in charge during the nomination process of housemates, and call out names of housemates up for eviction after the nomination process in his house. He controls the Arena Game and acts as the real Big Brother during the dairy session with housemates in the house.
Big Brother (Biggie) takes care of the whole affair of the reality TV show, apart from hosting the live shows every Sunday.
The Nomination of Housemates in BBNaija TV Show
Nomination normally comes up every Monday, after the Sunday night eviction of housemates from the reality show. The nomination is usually done secretly with Biggie in the Dairy room.
Every housemate, including the head of the house, has to nominate two of their fellow housemates for possible eviction from the reality show.
After the nomination is done, Biggie has to summon all housemates in the lounge to announce the names of housemates with the highest numbers of nominations and the Head of House (HoH) or the Veto Power card winner have minimal time to save and replace one nominated housemate with another or he/she has to be up for possible eviction from the reality show.
READ: Week 8 Eviction Poll in BBNaija 2020
Big Brother Naija 2020 Eviction of Housemate
Eviction is the elimination of housemate(s) to reduce the number of players in attaining the winner of the reality TV show. Housemates have to leave the show for someone to win the ultimate prize. Eviction comes after the voting of the nominated housemates, and the housemate with the least votes from viewers gets evicted from the Big Brother Naija (BBNaija) reality show.
Sometimes, housemates may be evicted with a game challenge if Biggie has to bring in a new twist to keep viewers entertained; also, housemates may be evicted even before the live show and flair up tension in the house.
Housemates' eviction comes up every Sunday during the live show; with tension build-up in the house, one or more nominated housemates with the least votes has to leave the show.
On the final day of the BBNaija reality show, the remaining finalist has to be evicted until two housemates with the highest votes from viewers have to be up on the stage with the host, and the winner of the season will be announced.
Dairy Session with Biggie in Big Brother Naija 2020
The dairy session is one of the most exciting parts of the Big Brother Naija reality show, as housemates get to air their minds to Biggie about the general mood in the house. The diary session being an integral part of the BBN reality show, sometimes done ones or twice weekly, depending on Biggie's decisions.
Housemates are expected to be very expressive with Biggie during the dairy session, being the only opportunity they have to speak with Biggie. Many viewers of the reality show see the diary session as the most crucial part where some housemates get to express their deep emotions with tears, past life, future intentions, and true self.
Some other housemates get to be very funny during their dairy session as they are the livewire of the diary room with Biggie.
Arena Game in Big Brother Naija
The arena game in BBNaija 2020 is game time that is typically done every Friday in Big Brother's house. This allows housemates to compete in a challenging and tough game with a stipulated time to finish the arena game.
The arena can be challenging and tasking that only a few housemates will be able to complete the challenge in no time. The housemate with the least finishing time after completing the arena game is announced as the winner by Big Brother after every housemate must have completed their task in the arena game.
BBNaija Housemates Party Weekly
The Big Brother Naija party comes up every Saturday night in Biggie's party hall as all housemates will have a chance to party amongst themselves with live DJ dishing out some hit tracks from Naija musicians and beyond.
Brewery Company always sponsors the party in Nigeria as housemates get to have access to lots of assorted drinks and cocktails during the party.
Sunday Eviction Show in BBNaija 2020
Every Sunday is the live show in BBNaija with live music from Naija Artiste and possible eviction. The Sunday live shows comes typically up every 7 pm (WAT) as the host of the reality show gets to take the stage with lots of energy from the crowd in the live show and housemates up for possible eviction has to dress up with their luggage's expecting the unexpected from the host of the Big Brother Naija reality show.
Before the live eviction show, male housemates up for eviction get a neat haircut, and the female housemates get their hair dressed too as anyone could see the exit door from the live reality show. The Sunday live eviction show is one of the best parts of the BBN reality TV show as the tension build-up in Biggie's house is so high that fans have a fair share of the pressure.
About Veto Power Game of Chance
The Veto Power game of chance come up every Sunday after the live eviction show, as Big Brother takes charge and order housemates into the Arena game hall for the Veto Power game of chance.
The Veto Power game of chance is not also compulsory for every season of the BBNaija reality live show. When the Veto Power game of chance is part of the show, the head of the house do not do the save and replace. The Veto Power holder takes care of the saves and replaces of nominated housemates for possible eviction that week.
BB Naira for BBNaija 2020 Housemates
BB Naira can be gathered from task winning, arena game-winning, winning head of house, winning veto power game of chance, and can be gotten from the house when placed in strategic places in the house.
Sometimes BB Naira comes to play in the reality show as housemates are expected to gather some BB Naira for shopping and to save themselves from possible nomination in the Big Brother Naija reality show.
The BB Naira can buy movie time in the Big Brother's house, special food from outside the Big Brother's house, a Phone call from family, and immunity from nomination
How can I watch the BBNaija 2020 Show?
The Big Brother Nigeria show is Live on DSTV channel 198 and GOTV channel 29. Stay subscribed to enjoy the 24/7 entertainment from the BBN housemates as they give reasons to stay glued to your TV screen.
You can also join various online streams to watch the reality TV show and follow up with the latest news and gist as it unfolds from our news channel.
BBNaija Week 11 Poll 2020 | Week 11 Eviction Poll in BBNaija 2020
Tags: Weekly Poll in BBNaija 2020
Previous Week 3 Eviction Poll in BBNaija 2020
Next Week 4 Eviction Poll in BBNaija 2020


The abstract submission period is expired.
has dramatically decreased among people receiving combination antiretroviral treatments although a new spectrum of neurological and neuropsychiatric problems has emerged as a challenge for the coming years.
and toxicity require an update on this topic.
Neurocognitive impairment is one of the main concern, and research studies investigating causes, extent, phenotypes and monitoring are under way.
Potential loss of control of HIV replication in the CNS is also of concern because it may be associated with more severe neurological disease.
Why does this occur, how often and how can we recognize it, are also questions waiting for answers.
In this regard, particular attention is required when switching form older "neuroprotective" drug combinations to newer therapeutic approaches, including simplified regimens.
On the other hand, the potential CNS toxicity of ARV drugs is also emerging as a focus of particular attention.
Finally, CNS cells may harbor HIV during systemically controlled infection and serve as potential viral reservoirs that are relevant to systemic approaches to HIV eradication.
The goal of this meeting is to update, discuss and review the concepts on HIV brain infection in thecurrent era, addressing unsolved issues and discussing control strategies for the future.


text:
Italy: United and in Solidarity against the government, racism and the Salvini decree
October 29, 2018 Karawane Wittenberg Movements
NATIONAL DEMONSTRATION, on NOVEMBER 10th, in ROME – United and in Solidarity against the government, racism and the Salvini decree
It is time to react, mobilize and unite against the attacks of the government (to which previous minister Minniti has paved the way), against the racist escalation and the Salvini decree that attacks the freedom of all and everyone.
• For the immediate withdrawal of the security and immigration decree passed by the government. NO to the Pillon bill about family.
• Reception, welcome, hospitality and regularization for all immigrants and refugees.
• Solidarity and freedom for Mayor Mimmo Lucano! Hands off from the town of Riace and from NGOs.
• Against social exclusion.
• No to refoulements, expulsions, evictions.
• Against rampant racism, the fascist threat, violence against women, homophobia and any kind of discrimination.
For these reasons we call for a rally, to march in a a peaceful, supportive, plural NATIONAL DEMONSTRATION, on November 10th , in Rome (Italy)
Platform voted by the anti-racist assembly of October 14th in Rome
Communications et informations: 10novembre18@gmail.com
https://a3f.org/it/content/national-demonstration-november-10th-rome-uni…
Week in Review – 28 October 2018
October 29, 2018 Niels Frenzen Movements
The death toll
IOM: Mediterranean Migrant Arrivals Reach 95,909 in 2018; Deaths Reach 1,969
2018 Migrant Deaths in Western Mediterranean More than Double those Recorded in 2017
IOM's Missing Migrants Project (MMP) team estimates that since the beginning of 2018, 547 people are estimated to have died in the Western Mediterranean / Alboran Sea. This is more than double the 224 deaths documented in all of 2017. The Andalusian Association for Human Rights has documented the deaths of over 6,000 people on this route since 1997. Frank Laczko, Director of IOM's Data Analysis Centre, "noted, 'the increase in recorded deaths in 2018 is linked to the increase in attempted sea crossings from North Africa to Spain compared with the past five years, as well as the number of fatalities in each shipwreck.' Of the 547 deaths and disappearances recorded so far in 2018, more than half (289) occurred in seven shipwrecks in which more than 20 people died or were lost at sea. Between 2014 and 2017, two or fewer such incidents were recorded each year."
Junker: EU North African Disembarkation Camps "No Longer on the Agenda"
Reuters reported that "European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said on Friday [in Tunis] that a suggestion that the European Union might try to set up migrant camps in North Africa was no longer on the agenda. …In June, a summit of all EU leaders asked the Commission to study ways to set up 'regional disembarkation platforms' in North African countries, including Tunisia, for migrants rescued [i.e. intercepted] by European vessels in the Mediterranean….'This [proposal] is no longer on the agenda and never should have been,' Juncker told a news conference in Tunis with Tunisian Prime Minister Youssef Chahed."
Somali man returned to Libya under Italian policy sets himself on fire in Libyan detention centre
The Irish Times reported on "a Somali man [who] set himself on fire in a Libyan detention centre on Wednesday… The man, who is in his late 20s, reportedly doused himself in petrol from a generator in the centre and lit it, after telling friends he had lost hope of being relocated to a safe country. … IOM spokesman Joel Millman said the detainee had set himself on fire as an 'act of protest'. …This would be the eighth death in Triq al Sikka [detention] centre this year, according to [another] detainee. Tens of thousands of refugees and migrants have been returned to Libya since February 2017, when the country's UN-backed government entered into a deal with Italy to prevent migration to Europe. Italian politicians have called the deal a success, because it has reduced the number of people arriving on their shores. However, for the men, women and children returned to Libya, the situation is bleak."
Report that Morocco Exchanged Coast Guard Mediterranean Staff with Atlantic Staff in Effort to Disrupt Cooperation with Smuggling Organisations
The German tabloid Bild reported on a BND (German Federal Intelligence Service) report on smuggling operations in Morocco. The report noted that many African nationals are able to enter Morocco without visas. And while in 2018, "Morocco claims to have prevented 54000 departures from the country, broken up 74 trafficker networks, confiscated 1900 boats, and brought charges against 230 traffickers …, [a]ccording to information available to the BND [certain smugglers] have connections with collaborators within the national authorities. …
Allegedly, the string pullers even receive information about the coast guards' patrols for a bribe and can thus avoid them. That is why, this summer, the Moroccan government exchanged the coast guard staff in the Mediterranean with that in the Atlantic."
Morocco Unleashes a Harsh Crackdown on Sub-Saharan Migrants
The New York Times and Voice of American reported on "a widespread crackdown [on] sub-Saharan migrants in Morocco [who] are facing arbitrary arrest, banishment to remote sections of the country and, lately, outright expulsion… Rights advocates contend that the raids, which government officials acknowledge, began in the summer and were coordinated with Spain and the European Union to stem the tide of migrants to the Continent."
"EU and Moroccan officials agreed last week on a $160 million emergency funding package, making the North African country the third largest recipient of EU funds earmarked for that purpose. Much of that money will go to stepped up border security, according to Morocco's chief government spokesman, Mustapha El Khalifi. About $50 million will be spent to secure the sea routes to Spain and the extensive desert borders with Algeria and Mauritania. Morocco says it already has 13,000 security personnel deployed to deal with the growing flow of migrants seeking to reach Spain."
Statewatch Viewpoint by Yasha Maccanico: Morocco: Wherever EU immigration policy rears its ugly head, violence and abuses follow
Statewatch Viewpoint: "In the summer of 2018, after concerted efforts since 2014 by the EU and its Member States to block off the eastern (Turkey to Greece) and central (Tunisia and Libya to Italy) routes across the Mediterranean used by migrants and refugees to reach Europe, there was an increase in crossings using the western route (Morocco, and sometimes Algeria, to Spain). This was accompanied by an increase in deaths at sea and, in Morocco, extensive police operations to remove black African migrants from the north of the country, based on racial profiling and flagrant breaches of human rights…."
New Book: The Jungle: Calais's Camps and Migrants (La Jungle de Calais) by Michel Agier
Available in November (en francais): "For nearly two decades, the area surrounding the French port of Calais has been a temporary staging post for thousands of migrants and refugees hoping to cross the Channel to Britain. It achieved global attention when, at the height of the migrant crisis in 2015, all those living there were transferred to a single camp that became known as 'the Jungle'. Until its dismantling in October 2016, this precarious site, intended to make its inhabitants as invisible as possible, was instead the focal point of international concern about the plight of migrants and refugees. This new book is the first full account of life inside the Jungle and its relation to the global migration crisis. Anthropologist Michel Agier and his colleagues use the particular circumstances of the Jungle, localized in space and time, to analyse broader changes under way in our societies, both locally and globally."
Libyan Coast Guard Receives New Italian Patrol Boat and Visegrád Four States Promise EUR 35 million for Reinforcement of Libyan Coast Guard
Libya's Coast Guard last week received its newest Italian-made patrol boat which according to the Libyan Coast Guard will be used "for patrols, surveillance, and combating illegal and unlicensed activities at sea."
Last week the Visegrád Four states committed to using "EUR 35 million intended for North Africa for the reinforcement of the Libyan coast guard in order to stop the flow of illegal migration heading for Europe."
EUBAM Libya and ICMPD sign MOU
"A strategic Partnership Memorandum of Understanding between the European Union Border Assistance Mission in Libya (EUBAM) and the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) was signed to promote a long-term partnership in support of migration governance and integrated border management actions in Libya."
Reuters: "European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said on Friday that a suggestion that the European Union might try to set up migrant camps in North Africa was no longer on the agenda. … [T]here has been little appetite in Africa [for the proposal] and EU officials have long questioned the legality and practicality of such camps — a view underlined in Juncker's blunt reply. 'This is no longer on the agenda and never should have been,' Juncker told a news conference in Tunis with Tunisian Prime Minister Youssef Chahed."
Founder members of Y en a Marre , senegalese social movement in Berlin
October 22, 2018 caro Berlin
On the 11th November, KEUR GUI, founder members of Y en a Marre will share they experience of fight at 19h in the K9, kinzigstr 9 10247 Berlin
Y en a Marre is a social movement in Senegal, created by a group of friends in January 2011, since then has become a massive social movement. It aims above all to be popular, Y en a marre is non-partisan and remains equidistant from political parties. In 2012 they made the former president to step down, since then the movement looks for the convergence of Senegalese youth forces, and develops actions which goals is the improve the social environment and create an aware and participatory society. Parallel they bring to the authorities people's concerns and their priorities.
The role of rappers in the movement is significant since it's through their lyrics that the message of the youth gets spread and they are engage in doing social work in their communities, like the Sunu Gox, project to empower citizenship and solidarity for a clean environment in the suburbs of Dakar.
Previously on the 2.11 they will give a concert in Maschinehaus
We hope to see you there
Frontex: Overall migratory flows in September down by a third; no evidence of "shifting" migratory flows
Frontex reported last week that "in the first nine months of 2018, the number of irregular border crossings into the EU via the top four migratory routes fell by a third from a year ago to about 100,100, mainly because of lower migratory pressure on the Central Mediterranean route. In September, some 12,900 irregular crossings were detected on the main migratory routes into the EU, 21% fewer than in the same month of last year." "For the third consecutive month, the Western Mediterranean migratory route accounted for half of all detections of illegal borders crossings into the EU. The number of migrants reaching Europe via this [Western] route reached nearly 6 500 in September, four times the number from the same month of last year."
These numbers do not, however, suggest a shifting of the migration movement from the Central and Eastern Mediterranean routes to the Western Mediterranean route: "Nationals of Morocco, Guinea and Mali accounted for the highest number of irregular migrants crossing [the Western Mediterranean] route this year. People from sub-Saharan countries represented more than three-quarters of all detections in the Western Mediterranean." "Tunisians and Eritreans were the two most represented nationalities on [the Central Mediterranean] route, together accounting for more than one-third of all the detected migrants there. They were trailed by nationals of Sudan, Pakistan and Nigeria." 'The largest number of migrants on [Eastern Mediterranean] route so far this year were nationals of Syria and Iraq, although for the second consecutive month Afghans accounted for the most monthly arrivals."
"Western Mediterranean- For the third consecutive month, the Western Mediterranean migratory route accounted for half of all detections of illegal borders crossings into the EU. The number of migrants reaching Europe via this route reached nearly 6 500 in September, four times the number from the same month of last year. In the first three quarters of 2018, there were some 35 500 irregular border crossings on the Western Mediterranean route, more than double the figure from the same period a year ago."
"Eastern Mediterranean- In September, the number of irregular migrants taking the Eastern Mediterranean route stood at some 5 400, 25% less than in September 2017. But mainly because of a significant increase of irregular crossings in recent months on the land border with Turkey, the total number of migrants detected on the Eastern Mediterranean route in the first nine months of the year rose by 40% to around 40 300."
"Central Mediterranean- The number of migrants arriving in Europe via the Central Mediterranean route in September fell to about 900, down 85% from September 2017. The total number of migrants detected on this route in the first three quarters of 2018 fell to roughly 20 900, 80% lower than a year ago."
Libyan Coast Guard pull backs / interceptions reach 14,156; UNHCR evacuates 135 people from migrant detention centre
"As of 19 October, the Libyan Coast Guard (LCG) rescued/intercepted 14,156 refugees and migrants (9,801 men, 2,126 women and 1,373 children) at sea during 108 operations. So far in 2018, the LCG recovered 99 bodies from the sea. The majority of individuals disembarked in Libya comprised Sudanese (1,847 individuals), Nigerians (1,832 individuals) and Eritreans (1,542 individuals)." After interception, refugees and migrants are transferred to detention centres. "UNHCR continues to advocate for the release of all of its persons of concern from detention and for alternatives to detention. The situation in Zintan detention centre remains dire, with a partially broken sewage system and very limited access to potable water. The centre holds 1,350 refugees and migrants."
"On 16 October, UNHCR evacuated 135 vulnerable refugees and asylum-seekers (127 men, four women and four children) from Tripoli to UNHCR's Emergency Transit Mechanism (ETM) in Niger. The group included Eritrean, Ethiopian, Somali and Sudanese nationals. This is the first evacuation to take place since June 2018 [ ]" and occurred "amidst an increasingly volatile security situation in Tripoli… Many of the evacuated had been held in detention centres for several months and were suffering from the effects of malnutrition and poor health."
European Council conclusions on migration, 18 October 2018
The European Council's 18 October meeting concluded without any decisions regarding previously discussed "disembarkation platforms" in North Africa and without and statement regarding the proposed expanded mandate of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency. A list of non-specific conclusions was agreed to included:
Strengthen "cooperation with countries of origin and transit, particularly in North Africa, as part of a broader partnership";
Step-up "the fight against people-smuggling networks";
Intensify "work with third countries on investigating, apprehending and prosecuting smugglers and traffickers";
Establish a joint task force "at Europol's European Migrant Smuggling Centre";
Improve monitoring and disruption efforts directed at "smuggling networks' online communications";
"Develop a comprehensive and operational set of measures to this end by December".
Full document here.
See also, Reuters, "EU moves closer to overcoming migration feud" and Washington Post, "EU looks to African nations, border control to stop migrants".
Libyan FM Siala says all North African countries reject EU proposal for "regional disembarkation platforms"
Libyan Foreign Minister Mohamed Al-Taher Siala, Foreign Minister of the UN-backed Libyan Government of National Accord, said "Libya and its north African neighbors are opposed to the EU's plan for "regional disembarkation platforms" to stem the flow of migrants entering the bloc… All north African countries reject this proposal — Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco and Libya, as well," Siala told the Die Presse newspaper. "Siala estimated that around 30,000 illegal migrants were currently held in detention centers in Libya "and around 750,000 outside." "Mr Siala said Libya was trying to improve security along its southern border by striking agreements with Chad, Niger and Sudan. He said the EU could also help protect that border by providing technical support such as patrol vehicles, 'drones, helicopters and perhaps a few light weapons'."
EU Foreign Affairs Council credits EUNAVFOR MED and EU cooperation with IOM and UNHCR with significant decrease in irregular migration
The EU Foreign Affairs Council concluded its 15 October meeting crediting EUNAVFOR MED and cooperation with IOM and UNHCR with significantly decreasing irregular migration flows to Europe: "The Council emphasised the significant results delivered through the joint efforts of the EU, its member states and UN agencies. Irregular migration flows to Europe have been significantly decreased, and efforts to better tackle irregular migration and to fight smuggling networks have been considerably strengthened in particular through Operation Sophia. Significant EU funding is also being allocated under a wide range of instruments to projects in countries of origin and transit. Over the past three years the EU Emergency trust fund for Africa has in particular demonstrated its added value as a swift and effective implementation tool in view of addressing the root causes of instability, forced displacement and irregular migration and to contribute to good migration management."
UNHCR and IOM appeal to EU leaders to tackle Mediterranean deaths
In advance of last week's European Council meeting, the UNHCR and IOM called on the EU "to urgently take steps to address this year's record rate of drownings on the Mediterranean Sea." "The leaders of the two organizations warn that political discourse concerning refugees and migrants, particularly those arriving by boat, has become dangerously toxic in some countries, even at a time when arrivals to Europe are declining. This narrative is stoking unnecessary fears, making it harder for countries to work together and blocking progress towards solutions."
"The current tenor of the political debate – painting a picture of Europe under siege – is not only unhelpful but completely out of touch with reality," said UN High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi. "Arrival numbers are falling but the rate at which people are losing their lives is on the rise. We cannot forget that we are talking about human lives. Debate is welcome – scapegoating refugees and migrants for political gain is not."
EUNAVFOR MED Pilot Project – Shipboard Anti-Crime Information Cell established to gather cross-border information re smuggling, trafficking, and terrorism
EUNAVFOR MED activated an "anti-crime information cell" on board the Italian ship San Giusto as part of the EUNAVFOR MED Sophia operation. The project's trial period will last six months. "The anti-crime information cell can facilitate the gathering and transfer of information about illegal people trafficking, implementing an embargo on UN weapons in Libya, the illegal exporting of petroleum from Libya in accordance with UNSCR 2146 (2014) and 2362 (2017), as well as criminal activity related to the security of the operation itself. The participation of Frontex in the anti-crime information cell will serve to develop global intelligence unit for illegal people trafficking and other types of cross-border criminal activities, including terrorism."
Danish Refugee Council calls for urgent change to the EU's external migration practices
EU-Libya migration cooperation: Shipwrecked values of humanity: "The Danish Refugee Council calls for an urgent change to the EU's external migration cooperation in the Central Mediterranean and beyond from policies that focus on securitizing borders to policies that prioritize saving lives; provide effective protection and safe migratory pathways to people on the move; and contribute rather than undermine the long-term goal of stability and prosperity in the Mediterranean."
Global Detention Project investigation into the role of social media in the context of migration control. "Why Would You Go?"
"Part II of the Global Detention Project's Special Series investigates how new information and communications technologies are used during irregular migration. Featuring on-the-ground reports, the paper examines the diverse ways migrants and refugees put social media to use during their journeys and helps address gaps in current literature regarding the role of digital platforms in contemporary migration contexts."
"A key finding is that usage of digital tools is far more varied than the extant literature generally reports. Indeed, varying factors including socio-economics, nationality, and smuggling modus operandi considerably affect the use of such resources. Many sources, for example, emphasised the importance of community and diaspora networks during the various stages of their journeys and downplayed the role of social media and smartphones, which were often barely used—and sometimes not at all."
Part I of the Special Series appeared earlier this year: "A migrant essential or a criminal marketplace? Since the "refugee crisis" exploded across the international media and political landscapes, the role of social media has been repeatedly dissected, argued over, and—more often than not—misunderstood. Although officials and politicians often present new digital platforms as security threats that enable traffickers and illicit enterprises, these technologies also have played a critically important role in aiding refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants in need. They help people connect to the outside world from inside detention centres, provide desperately needed information about sources of humanitarian assistance, and enable the creation of digital communities that give migrants and their loved ones' agency to proactively search out solutions."
"This [initial] Global Detention Project Special Report is aimed at improving our understanding of how people use social media during their migration journeys, with a special emphasis on their use in the context of detention and migration control in North Africa and the Mediterranean. Part I, "Exposing the 'Crisis,'" charts the historical relationship between migration and social media, reviewing the various tech responses to the "crisis" and highlighting the importance of human-centred design of new technologies. Two subsequent installments in this series will include on-the-ground reports of the diverse ways people put social media to use during their migration journeys and provide recommendations for human rights practitioners who wish to harness social media in ways that emphasise harm-reduction."
Migrants who landed on Spain's North African Chafarinas Islands to be returned to Morocco
EFE reported that "Morocco will admit in the next hours part of the thirty immigrants arrived [last week] in a boat to the Chafarinas Islands, in application of the readmission agreement signed in 1992 between [Spain] and [Morocco]. As reported by the Government Delegation in Melilla, the immigrants "will be readmitted by Morocco in the next few hours in application of the Treaty of Islands and Peñones signed between the Governments of Spain and Morocco in 1992. … With this decision, the Government follows the same pattern as in the last boat that arrived in Chafarinas on June 17, in which 13 immigrants were traveling, of which eight passed to the Moroccan authorities in application of the readmission agreement that exists between Spain and Morocco of 1992."
Sea-Watch 3 verlässt Malta
October 20, 2018 lennart Movements
Die Sea-Watch 3 erhielt nach drei Monaten willkürlicher Beschlagnahmung, die Genehmigung Malta zu verlassen. Das Schiff verließ den Hafen von Valetta um 7 Uhr heute früh und fährt zunächst für Routinearbeiten in eine spanische Werft. Das 50 Meter lange, niederländisch geflaggte Rettungsschiff Sea-Watch 3 war seit dem 02. Juli 2018, gemeinsam mit anderen Rettungsschiffen von…
Der Beitrag Sea-Watch 3 verlässt Malta erschien zuerst auf Sea-Watch e.V..
Yesterday's European Council conclusions did not include any mention of "disembarkation platforms" in North Africa or address any specifics regarding an expanded mandate of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency. Instead, a list of non-specific conclusions was agreed to. Agreed points included:
Week in Review– 14 October 2018
Libyan Coast Guard pull backs / interceptions exceed 14,000 and are increasing in frequency
According to UNHCR, Libyan Coast Guard (LCG) Pull Backs reached 14,156 as of 11 October. Interceptions are increasing in October (884 as of 11 Oct.) compared to August (552) and September (1,265). "So far in 2018, the LCG recovered 99 bodies from the sea."
Discussions continue regarding expanded mandate of European Border and Coast Guard Agency (FRONTEX)
In September the European Commission proposed a new and greatly expanded mandate for the European Border and Coast Guard Agency. The proposal includes an expansion of the standing corps to FRONTEX to 10,000 operational staff, encompassing the European Border Surveillance System (EUROSUR) into the Agency's frame, and giving the Agency a wider scope for action with countries that are not neighbouring countries. It was decided at last week's Justice and Home Affairs Council Meeting to continue work on the proposal at the "technical level." "[S]everal ministers mentioned the need to take a practical approach, by firstly looking at the supporting tasks to be carried out by the agency to respond to operational needs, taking account of national responsibility. On this basis, the question of structure and size of the staff, as well as the budget and timing could then be approached."
For analysis, see "The next phase of the European Border and Coast Guard: towards operational effectiveness" in EU Law Analysis by Mariana Gkliati, PhD researcher at Leiden University.
EUNAVFOR MED continues training of Libyan Coast Guard and Navy personnel
EUNAVFOR MED launched a new training module for 69 Libyan trainees at the Italian Navy Training Centre in La Maddalena. "The course, hosted by the Italian Navy, will last 8 weeks, and it will provide knowledge and training in relation to the general activity on board an off shore patrol vessel and lessons focused on Human Rights, Basic First Aid, Gender Policy and Basic English language. Additionally, with the positive conclusion of these two courses, the threshold of 305 Libyan Coastguard and Navy personnel trained by EUNAVFOR Med will be reached. Moreover, further training modules are planned in Croatia and other EU member states in favour of a huge number of trainees. From October 2016, SOPHIA is fully involved in the training of the Libyan Coastguard and Navy; the aim of the training is to improve security of the Libyan territorial waters and the Libyan Coastguard and Navy ability to perform the duties in their territorial waters, with a strong focus on respect of human rights, including minors and women's rights, and the correct handling of migrants in occasion of search and rescue activities to save lives at sea."
For more background see Bruxelles 2 which notes, among other things, the slow 7-week vetting process to identify suitable Libyan candidates for training.
For second time in two weeks Moroccan navy opens fire on migrant boat
A Moroccan Royal Navy vessel fired on a migrant boat last week wounding a 16-year old boy. The Moroccan Navy killed a woman two weeks ago in a similar incident.
Also in Morocco, the Moroccan NGO El Grupo Antirracista de Acompañamiento y Defensa de Extranjeros y Migrantes (Gadem) denounced the forced transfer of 7,700 sub-Saharans to the south of the country. According to Gadem, the forced displacements of migrants began in June and have not stopped.
UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants criticises EU migration policies towards Niger
Felipe González Morales, UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights, issued a report at the conclusion of a recent visit to Niger: "Niger has become a major transit country for migrants travelling north and to the Mediterranean. More recently, especially since 2014, Niger has become a transit country for returnees, most of them expelled or forced to return, from Algeria and Libya. These returns have put a lot of pressure on Niger, which according to many interlocutors has become "a permanent transit centre" and "the Southern border of Europe" as a result of migration policies adopted in Niger and by third countries, with serious consequences for the human rights of migrants and questions as to their effectiveness and sustainability."
"One of the main measures adopted by the national authorities in respect to migration is the Law concerning the illicit smuggling of migrants (Law No. 2015-36) of 26 May 2015. According to official authorities and IOM data, since its implementation in 2016 the number of migrants who migrate north to Algeria, Libya and the Mediterranean has significantly decreased (e.g. from 333,891 in 2016 to 43,380 in 2018, according to IOM data based on monitoring trends in Arlit and Seguedine). While IOM data suggests that onward movement to North Africa may have slowed down, it does not reflect the number of people who still move on shifting routes as a consequence of tighter controls that lead migrants to move around data collection points."
"In reality, the implementation of the law has resulted in a de facto ban of all travel north of Agadez, e.g. in violation of the freedom of movement of ECOWAS nationals. Further, the lack of clarity of the law and its implementation as a repressive – instead of protection – measure has resulted in the criminalization of all migration upwards and has pushed migrants into hiding, which renders them more vulnerable to abuse and human rights violations."
"Indeed, according to various sources, the law has not stopped or decreased migration, but instead it has pushed it underground and diverted the migration routes from Niger to the north through Chad and Sudan, or to the Western Mediterranean route."
"Role of the international donors and in particular the EU – Although key state officials stressed that the objective of reducing migration towards the north is mainly a national policy decision, there is a need to highlight the role and the responsibility of the international community and donors in this respect. Indeed, several sources stated that Nigerien policy on migration is heavily influenced and pushed primarily by the demands of the European Union and its Member States to control migration in exchange for financial support. For instance, the fact that the European Union Trust Fund provides financial support to IOM largely to sensitize and return migrants to their countries of origin, even when the voluntariness in many cases is questionable, compromises its rights-based approach to development cooperation. In addition, from my exchange with the European Union, no support is foreseen for those migrants who are neither refugees nor have agreed to be voluntarily returned to their countries of origin. Furthermore, the EU's role and support in the adoption and implementation of the law on illicit smuggling of migrants calls into question its 'do no harm' principle given the human rights concerns related to the implementation and enforcement of the law."
"Preliminary Recommendations: To the European Union and its Member States:
Integrate rigorous human rights, due diligence, monitoring and oversight mechanisms into all external agreements and initiatives abroad and prioritize projects in Niger that will improve the human rights of migrants;
Fully recognize the push and pull factors of irregular migration, and the EU's responsibility in managing and mitigating them;
Take a global leadership role whenever needed in relation to humanitarian and human rights crises and reduce the market for smugglers by increasing, in cooperation with other States, resettlement opportunities;
Develop and incentivize other regular and safe migration channels, including for workers with varying skills levels, and look at a variety of options for legal migration, such as humanitarian admission, humanitarian visas, temporary protection, family reunification, economic admissions at all skills levels, as well as for job seeking, student mobility and medical evacuation; and increase the number of migrants admitted under existing regular migration schemes;
All EU programs, policies and technical assistance to Niger concerning migration should further the realization of human rights for all migrants, including those that are neither refugees, asylum seekers or AVR applicants, in compliance with international human rights norms and standards."
2018 migrant arrivals to Spain now exceed 2006 arrivals and the so-called year of the "Crisis of the Cayucos"
"So far this year, 40,209 people have arrived in Spain…" "The figure exceeds for the first time the one recorded in 2006, when 39,180 people reached the Spanish coast in the so-called 'crisis of the cayucos.'"
"Spain has recently urged the EU to honor its promise to grant Morocco financial aid amounting to €30 million to help curb illegal migration. Earlier in August, EU Commission chief Jean-Claude Juncker promised to release €55 million from the emergency fund to help Morocco and Spain tackle the rise of illegal migration in the Western Mediterranean.
In July, the EU agreed to spend €55 million ($64 million) to help Tunisia and Morocco manage their frontiers. However, none of these promises have been upheld yet as Spain has indeed overtaken Greece and Italy this year with more than 43,000 arrivals mostly through dinghies from Morocco."
Greece criticizes Turkey for surge in migrant flows via land border
"Athens has lodged complaints with the European Commission and Ankara over the 'relaxed stance' of Turkish authorities." "Over 11,000 migrants have crossed into Greece through Evros so far in 2018, compared with 5,500 in 2017 and 3,000 in 2016, Migration Policy minister Dimitris Vitsas told local ANT1 TV."
PBS: Libyan coast remains fertile for ISIS and migrant traffickers
US broadcaster PBS: "Less than two years after Libya with American forces regained control of its coast from Islamic State fighters, the most potent affiliate outside of Iraq and Syria, law enforcement and U.S. policymakers worry about a resurgence."
EASO: Asylum applications remain stable in the EU throughout summer months
"Analysis carried out by the European Asylum Support Office (EASO), based on data exchanged by EU+ Member States, reveals that this year, applications for asylum did not increase during the summer months." "The main countries of origin of applicants in August were Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, Turkey and Iran. With the exception of Syrians, all these nationalities lodged more applications for asylum than in July. In particular, nationals of Iraq lodged the most applications (4 020, + 12 % from July) so far in 2018, while levels of applications from Afghan nationals (4 010, – 8 % from July) were also considerable, dropping slightly from July. Turkish nationals continued to lodge a considerable number of applications (2 750, – 4 % from July). Similarly, applications from Iranian nationals rose sharply (2 460, + 19 %), reaching the highest level in almost two years.
In contrast, nationals of several Western African countries lodged fewer applications (between 25 % and 69 %) compared to a year earlier. This contrasts to trends in the past four years, when asylum-related migration from this region tended to rise over the summer months."
UNHCR urges Australia to evacuate off-shore facilities as health situation deteriorates
"UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, is urging immediate action by the Government of Australia to address a collapsing health situation among refugees and asylum-seekers at off-shore facilities in Papua New Guinea and Nauru. Australia remains responsible under International Law for those who have sought its protection. In the context of deteriorating health and reduced medical care, Australia must now act to prevent further tragedy to those forcibly transferred under its so-called "offshore processing" policy. UNHCR renews its call for refugees and asylum-seekers to be moved immediately to Australia, where they can receive adequate support and care."
Das Sea-Watch-Aufklärungsflugzeug Moonbird schafft es, den Betrieb wieder aufzunehmen, während die Sterblichkeitsrate auf ein Rekordniveau steigt
Das Aufklärungsflugzeug Moonbird, das Sea-Watch in Zusammenarbeit mit der Schweizer Humanitarian Pilots Initiative betreibt, wurde von der maltesischen Regierung über drei Monate lang ohne Rechtsgrundlage am Einsatz gehindert. In Folge der Blockade der zivilen Seenotrettung erreichte die Sterblichkeitsrate an der europäischen Seegrenze ein Rekordhoch – aktuell ertrinkt eine von fünf Personen bei dem Versuch, das…
Der Beitrag Das Sea-Watch-Aufklärungsflugzeug Moonbird schafft es, den Betrieb wieder aufzunehmen, während die Sterblichkeitsrate auf ein Rekordniveau steigt erschien zuerst auf Sea-Watch e.V..
Week in Review– 7 October 2018
October 8, 2018 Niels Frenzen Movements
Italy's migration deterrence policies under Salvini sharply increase deaths at sea
New ISPI Commentary by Matteo Villa: "Sea Arrivals to Italy: The Cost of Deterrence Policies": "We can now compare the two periods of [Italian migration] deterrence policies, moving from [former Interior Minister Marco] Minniti to [current Interior Minister Matteo] Salvini. [T]hese two periods show very different trends, in particular with regards to the number of dead or missing at sea. The period of Minniti policies coincided with a drop in migrants dead or missing at sea that was more or less in line with the drop in irregular sea arrivals to Italy. On the other hand, the period of Salvini policies was marked by a further decrease in sea arrivals (-48%), but also by a sharp increase in the number of dead or missing at sea (+147%, i.e. more than double the previous period). [***] To conclude, Salvini policies of further deterrence at sea have coincided with a drop in arrivals of around 28,000 units, which is equivalent to less than 20% if compared to the drop of 150,000 arrivals recorded during the Minniti period. At the same time, Salvini policies coincided with a strong increase in the number of migrants dying or going missing at sea, which reversed the previous declining trend. When evaluating public policies, it is important to consider the opportunity-cost of each decision. Four months after the tightening on sea rescues, in the light of the numbers available, the usefulness of deterrence policies appears questionable to say the least, when a relatively modest reduction in sea arrivals in Italy, has coincided with a sharp increase in the number of dead or missing."
UN Security Council renews authorisation for inspection of vessels on high seas off Libya
Pursuant to Resolution 2437 (2018), adopted on 3 October 2018, the Council renewed the authorisation for member states to inspect vessels on the high seas off the coast of Libya that they have reasonable grounds to suspect are being used for migrant smuggling or human trafficking: The Council "…. Decides, for a further period of twelve months from the date of adoption of this resolution, to renew the authorisations as set out in paragraphs 7, 8, 9 and 10 of resolution 2240 (2015),reaffirms paragraph 11 thereof and otherwise reiterates its resolutions 2240 (2015), 2312 (2106) and 2380 (2017) and its Presidential Statement S/PRST/2015/25;…"
Libyan Coast Guard pull backs / interceptions in 2018 near 14,000
Per the UNHCR, as of 4 October, "the Libyan Coast Guard rescued/intercepted 13,898 refugees and migrants (9,560 men, 2,118 women and 1,364 children) at sea during 104 operations. This is an increase of 12.3% compared to the same period in 2017. Since the beginning of the year, 99 bodies were recovered in Libyan waters while 608 lives were lost at sea. Most of the individuals disembarked [in Libya] were Nigerian (1,830 individuals), Sudanese (1,765 individuals) and Eritrean (1,532 individuals)."
2018 migrant arrivals to Spain exceed arrival totals for 2015, 2016, 2017 combined
According to IOM, as of 28 September 2018, "total land and sea arrivals in the first nine months of this year have surpassed the arrival totals of 2015, 2016 and 2017 combined, but signalled that despite the higher number of arrivals the situation remains manageable. Migrant arrivals to Spain via the Western Mediterranean and Western African routes have reached a total of 36,654 this year. Another 4,820 migrants reached the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla by land. Sea arrivals to Spain currently account for 45 per cent of all Mediterranean arrivals this year given the reduced numbers of migrants arriving in Italy and Greece by sea…."
Moroccan FM reiterates Morocco's refusal to host EU "disembarkation platforms"
Reported by DW: Morocco's foreign minister Nasser Bourita said "'Morocco is generally opposed to all kinds of centers. That is part of our migration policy and a national sovereign position … [it is] too easy to say that this is a Moroccan issue.' 'Migration comprises three percent of the world's population, 80 percent of which is legal … So we are only talking about 20 percent of these three per cent.' 'Are we real partners or just a neighbor you're afraid of?' questioning Europe's attitude towards Morocco. 'The EU can't ask Morocco to help with migration and the fight against terrorism and treat the country like an object.'" Government spokesman Mustapha El Khalfi reiterated Morocco's categorical refusal to host disembarkation platforms: "The creation of reception centres for migrants is only an attempt to externalize the problem and is not a solution."
Dwindling search and rescue capabilities in the Med
UNHCR expresses concern over lack of search and rescue capabilities in the Mediterranean: "This time last year, five NGOs were conducting search and rescue operations on the Central Mediterranean. In 2017, NGOs saved over 46, 000 lives according to the Italian Coast Guard. The de-registration of the Aquarius is deeply worrying and would represent a dramatic reduction of search and rescue capacity at precisely the moment when it needs to be stepped up." "UNHCR continues to call strongly for increasing search and rescue capacity in the Central Mediterranean and for leaving space for NGOs to contribute in a coordinated manner to these efforts. This is a collective responsibility, with saving lives as its primary concern."
Egypt, immigration detention, human rights abuses, and also an important EU partner
The Global Detention Project released an Egypt Country Report: "Immigration Detention in Egypt: Military Tribunals, Human Rights, Abysmal Conditions, and EU Partner" reporting on, among things, "intensified EU-Egyptian cooperation in 'migration management,' leading to a comprehensive crackdown on irregular migration on Egypt's north coast."
EU migration control policies enrich Libyan militias
The EUObserver reported on how on how "Libyan militia cash in on EU's anti-smuggling strategy". "Senior officials at the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) have all shed doubt on some aspects of the EU's grand anti-business smuggler plan, issued in mid-2015. 'When we say we want to disrupt the smuggler business model, we talk about destroying boats in Libya, we talk about destroying the boats, all this makes the smuggler richer,' Eugenio Ambrosi, the IOM's EU regional director told this website."
Deplorable conditions in EU's largest refugee camp
Patrick Kingsley, now with the New York Times, formerly with The Guardian (and author of The New Odyssey: The Story of Europe's Refugee Crisis, 2016), writes in depth on the deplorable conditions in Camp Moira, the EU's biggest refugee camp on the Greek island of Lesbos – 'a camp of around 9,000 people living in a space designed for just 3,100, where squalid conditions and an inscrutable asylum process have led to what aid groups describe as a mental health crisis."
Royal Moroccan Navy opens fire on migrant boat
Samia Errazzouki, a former journalist and current PhD student at the University of California at Davis, writes about the killing of Hayat Belkacem who was killed when the Royal Moroccan Navy open fire on a migrant boat trying to reach Spain. Errazzouki writes about the dissent and disenchantment in Morocco pushing many people to risk the journey to Europe.
Dozens dead in shipwreck in Moroccan waters – Moroccan authorities reportedly delayed rescue efforts
At least 34 refugees died in a shipwreck in the western Mediterranean. Salvamento Marítimo de España reportedly the alert and offered collaboration to Morocco "no response was received" from Moroccan authorities. The boat and survivors drifted for 24 hours.
60 dead in boat accident off West Africa
The Guinea-Bissau coast guard commander reported that up to sixty people drowned after their boat sank. The boat was believed to be trying to reach the Canary Islands.
Neues italienisches Schiff in Zusammenarbeit mit Sea-Watch auf dem Weg ins Mittelmeer, um Leben zu retten
October 4, 2018 lennart Movements
Die Mare Jonio, ein 37,5 m langes Schiff unter italienischer Flagge, welches das zivilgesellschaftliche Projekt "Mediterranea" in Zusammenarbeit mit Sea-Watch betreiben wird, ist heute in Richtung zentrales Mittelmeer aufgebrochen. Begleitet von der Astral der spanischen NGO Proactiva Open Arms wird die Mare Jonio an der tödlichsten Grenze der Welt die zivile Seenotrettung weiterführen. Die Zahl…
Der Beitrag Neues italienisches Schiff in Zusammenarbeit mit Sea-Watch auf dem Weg ins Mittelmeer, um Leben zu retten erschien zuerst auf Sea-Watch e.V..
Toter Körper deutet auf ein neues Schiffswrack hin
Ein Leichnam, der gestern vom zivilen Überwachungsflugzeug Colibri gesichtet wurde, deutet auf ein erneutes Schiffsunglück im zentralen Mittelmeer hin. Das Fehlen geeigneter Rettungsmittel und die Blockade der zivilen Rettungsflotte machen das zentrale Mittelmeer zu einer tödlichen Blackbox: Mehrere Schiffbrüche ereigneten sich bereits, da Malta Rettungsschiffe daran hindert, ihre Aufgabe zu erfüllen. Ein Schiffsunglück wurde Anfang…
Der Beitrag Toter Körper deutet auf ein neues Schiffswrack hin erschien zuerst auf Sea-Watch e.V..


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Advertising Schools
In Kalamazoo, Michigan
The city of Kalamazoo has only one school where advertising faculty can find employment. The graphs, statistics and analysis below outline the current state and the future direction of academia in advertising in the city of Kalamazoo, which encompasses advertising training at the advertising bachelors degree level.
Kalamazoo Vs. Michigan Advertising Employment
Kalamazoo 140
Michigan 6,210
Exactly 140 of Michigan's 6,210 advertising professionals work in Kalamazoo. Between 2006 and 2010, in Kalamazoo, there has been a 56% growth in the number of advertising professionals. Overall employment in Kalamazoo has decreased.
Kalamazoo Vs. Michigan Advertising employment growth
90 100 200 90 140
Grey: Michigan
Dark Yellow: Kalamazoo
Advertising VS. All professions salaries in Kalamazoo
Light Blue: Advertising in Kalamazoo
Dark Yellow: All Professions in Kalamazoo
As the number of advertising professionals in Kalamazoo has grown, salaries for advertising professionals have also increased. In 2010 Kalamazoo advertising professionals earned an average yearly salary of $62,097. Four years earlier in 2006, the average salary for advertising professionals in Kalamazoo was $58,940 per year. The growth in the salary of advertising professionals in Kalamazoo is slower than the salary trend for all careers in the city.
Salary percentiles for Advertising professionals in Kalamazoo
Kalamazoo advertising professionals earn a median yearly salary of $57,443. The 10% of advertising professionals in the lowest pay bracket earn less than $37,773 per year, while those in the highest pay bracket earn approximately $93,630 per year.
Average Salaries for Advertising professionals and related professions in Kalamazoo
Visual Communications $35,890
Advertising professional salaries in Kalamazoo are, on average, lower than salaries earned for professionals in related fields.
Advertising schools in Kalamazoo
There is only one accredited advertising school in the city. Many of Kalamazoo's advertising professionals are graduates of this school.
Advertising Programs Offered In Kalamazoo
Kalamazoo's advertising school offers one advertising degree and certificate program.
Student Completed Advertising Degrees In Kalamazoo
Approximately 40 students completed advertising courses in 2010.
Advertising Faculty Salaries in Kalamazoo, Michigan
The number of advertising faculty, growth in the field of advertising academia and advertising faculty salaries in Kalamazoo, is all data we are currently in the process of collecting. Please enter your information in the form below if you are involved in teaching advertising courses to students at the bachelors degree in advertising level. This will help us build a valuable free database resource for the benefit of current and future faculty in the field of advertising in Kalamazoo. All information you submit will be anonymous. The data we have gathered thus far will be available for you to view once you have submitted your information.
Michigan Schools
Michigan Advertising Schools
Business Administration Schools in Kalamazoo
Communications Schools in Kalamazoo
Marketing Schools in Kalamazoo
Public Relations Schools in Kalamazoo
Visual Communications Schools in Kalamazoo
Advertising Schools in Battle Creek, MI
Advertising Schools in Albion, MI
Advertising Schools in Berrien Springs, MI
Advertising Schools in Grand Rapids, MI


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OBSERVATIONS: Lucas Oil 150 at Phoenix Raceway
By ladybug388 on November 7, 2020 • ( Leave a comment )
It seemed it was going to be anti-climatic road to crowning the first champion of the weekend, but then a late caution changed everything. Classic drama route that you're just craving for in these moments, right?
Knowing that he did not have a chance at winning with his truck fading due to a loose condition, Sheldon Creed came down pit road putting on four fresh tires, while Brett Moffitt and Grant Enfinger led the field to the green flag. The result was a dramatic charge, and probably one of the best restarts of the entire season, as the youngster went from ninth to third in a lap in a five-wide move, taking the lead and eventually the win – more importantly, the NASCAR Gander RV & Outdoor Truck Series Championship.
Creed's aggressiveness has been credited against him on a lot of occasions, and got him in trouble when he moved to asphalt originally when his fair share of incidents in both ARCA and truck competition. While he has found a way to tone it down with consistency and smarts, it was that nature to credit back to his victory tonight. As his crew chief Jeff Stankiewicz said, "He's a maniac on restarts."
The title, though, is a perfect combination of a lot of hard work as he won four other events this year, and was part of the conversation for plenty of wins beyond that. Knowing he will return to the series in 2021 with GMS Racing, it's just a matter of how many checkered flags can he add to the collection.
RELATED: Cole Cusumano's thoughts on the late charge to the win
While Creed enjoyed the champagne shower, the mood was quite different on pit road and reasonably so. Moffitt had dominated prior to the yellow flag and leading the most laps, and was out to a four-second advantage prior to the yellow flag.
It was understandable that disappointment and frustration was set to come in his post-race interview, but it went beyond that in a couple ways. Ultimately, he threw his crew chief and team under the bus for their strategy all year long.
It is no secret this year was frustrating at times for the past series champion, with it taking till Race 20 of 23 for him to score his lone victory of 2020 as he watched his teammates celebrate multiple wins. There was plenty of chances he should have accomplished the feat before then, but it seemed a late-race caution or incident on-track took away the chance of that happening. Combined with not knowing whether he'll be in the series next year with no deal as of yet, it has took it's toll all together.
However, completely throwing everything away – is that the appearance you want to offer a team that may actual consider resigning you for next season, or another organization even at that? It's not the approach I'd offer in a morale sense, even if it's right out of the Kyle Busch playbook at times.
Beyond the highs and lows of the title battle, it was a strong race for the series with side-by-side action through the field as drivers tried to end their year on a high note. You weren't left bored with something always to watch, but that's typical Truck Series as they've done all year in putting on the best racing of all three series.
As we lead into the rest of the weekend, fresh rubber may prove to be critical – very critical actually if there's a late caution if the difference between old to new remains at seven tenths of a second or greater. If the same occurrence happens in the next two days, there better be four tires ready to go in the pits because guaranteed the driver is making their way down to bolt those on.
The other thing may be the PJ1 traction compound that was laid down, as Creed mentioned it becoming "hard to pass when it comes in," as evident by Moffitt and him being stuck beside each other for numerous laps despite his competition being faster on the lap board. While the Xfinity Series cars may be able to get away with it as they seem to slip and slide everywhere, it may make the challenge of Sunday for the Cup Series that much more difficult.
Categories: Commentary, NASCAR Gander Outdoor Truck Series
Tagged as: ashley mccubbin, brett moffitt, nascar, NASCAR Gander Outdoor Truck Series, sheldon creed
Creed Knocks Out Competition for First NASCAR Truck Series Championship
QUALIFYING: David Gilliland Takes General Tire Pole For West Finale At Phoenix