text:
Ben #OFFSCENE on theatre telling real-life stories
Editor's Note: This show is no longer running, but we thought it was important to share the story of such an underappreciated historical figure. We also wanted to open up a conversation about how theatre tells the story of people like Bayard Rustin, and how it impacts your perception of these individuals.
Bayard Rustin is not a household name. But The Artivist: The Bayard Rustin Story insists that he should be. That begs the question: How do you theatricalize historical figures in a way that pays proper homage to their real-life complexity?
Rustin is a great case study in this. A black, gay activist deeply influenced by his Quaker upbringing, Rustin was a onetime member of the Young Communist League who became a neoconservative by the end of his life. He was a staunch civil rights activist and leader, yet opposed identity politics and advocated for alliances with working-class white voters.
What to make of this historical enigma who was such an important part of the civil rights movement? When thinking of that era, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X and Rosa Parks come to mind first. Or even Ruby Bridges, the Little Rock Nine, Stokely Carmichael and others who have amassed more staying power in the American cultural consciousness. Often, we look to theatre to tell us stories that our textbooks neglected to. A show like Hamilton has probably informed tens of thousands of people about the man on the $10 bill for the first time, and enlightened so many to the immense complexities, accomplishments and blunt hypocrisies of the men who built America. And still, in that story we see a lot of embellishment and moments of historical inaccuracy (as examined in The Haunting of Lin-Manuel Miranda). From a small Off-Broadway show like The Artivist to a blockbuster like Hamilton, how do we decide what history gets told and how?
The Artivist is a chronological story, albeit abridged. We are carried through America in the 1950s and '60s, as Rustin's influence and activism grow into something truly remarkable. But importantly, this story is not a simple "rise to greatness" narrative. Rustin's ascent is plagued by infighting and constant doubts. One particularly haunting revelation is how Rustin's sexuality was used against him. Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., a Baptist pastor and one of only a handful of black representatives in Congress at the time, demanded MLK remove Rustin from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), one of the biggest civil rights organizations. And MLK did just that.
Theatre is critical in that it can help shed light on aspects of history and human nature that we may not want to think about. Like how even in one of the most celebrated movements in American history, those marching against oppression were still indulging their own prejudices. (This in no way diminishes any of the accomplishments of civil rights leaders, but helps bring LGBTQ+ people into the larger narrative).
It is always easier to read history (and even current events) as a long arc of good versus bad, of right versus wrong. But intersectionality teaches us that if we truly want to be educated, aware and informed, then we must recognize that our heroes and our enemies are more complex than we initially think. A black, gay, civil rights activist can also be a deeply religious man and a future neoconservative. An immigrant with a brilliant financial mind and discipline in his work can still lack self-control when it comes to his marriage.
Theatre inevitably takes dramatic license when bringing real-life stories to the stage. There's a delicate balance to be struck between an honest retelling of history and a compelling show that people want to see. A one-hour lecture on Rustin won't get as much attention as a one-man play with video footage, singing and rapping. But I think it's important that even if we add a little glitz and embellishments, the core truth of the historical figure's story needs to be maintained.
Ultimately the question is: Is it theatre's job to stay true to history, or to craft the best story possible from that history?
PXP, LifestyleBenjamin Chatham July 9, 2019 Bayard Rustin, The Artivist: The Bayard Rustin Story, LGBTQ+, Black Excellence, Benjamin ChathamComment
Gemma @ '#DATEME: An OKCupid Experiment' - even bad dates have not taken the fight out of me
Audience ExperienceGemma Lolos July 10, 2019 Gemma Lolos, #DATEME: An OKCupid Experiment
Rick @ 'Contradict This! A Birthday Funeral for Heroes' - even Queen B ain't #flawless
PXPRick Hiciano July 8, 2019 Rick Hiciano, The Bearded Ladies, Beyonce, kanye, LGBTQ


Sometimes when you shoot for the better value, you end up costing yourself a winner. That's what happened last time we posted our free NHL betting picks, passing up on taking the Blue Jackets Moneyline in order to take the Avalanche Team Total Under 2.5 at plus money instead. Columbus, of course, won the game 5-4 in overtime.
That loss dropped us to 32-17 on the year, although we're still up around 13 units because of consistently making bets that pay close to even money or better. A lot of other NHL betting picks sites like to pick big favourites in order to make their winning percentage look good, but laying -200 every night is a quick road to the poor house in NHL betting.
We've got 2 more bets for tonight that pay in those price ranges again. Let's get to them.
The last time the Leafs visited Buffalo, they dropped a 5-3 decision a couple of weeks ago in a game that wasn't really as close as the final score suggested. The Sabres roared out to a 2-0 lead in the first period and although the Leafs managed to tie the game in the second, Buffalo quickly responded with a couple of more goals and coasted to victory.
That makes us believe the Leafs won't be taking anything for granted when they visit the Queen City tonight, and they'll also elevate their focus with backup netminder Curtis McElhinney in net and still playing without Auston Matthews. Meanwhile, the Sabres have cooled off a little bit following a recent hot stretch, scoring just 1 regulation time goal in 5 of their last 8.
Toronto's at the slight disadvantage of playing for the second straight night, but the commute to Buffalo is the Leafs' easiest one of the year so travel won't be a factor. The Sabres might be at more of a disadvantage from a situational standpoint, having not played since Saturday.
We like the Leafs to get the early jump on their hosts tonight and earn a comfortable victory themselves.
The Bruins have owned the Panthers over the years, going 20-8-2 in their last 30 trips to Florida. But Boston's not in a great spot tonight, playing in its 4th different city in the last 6 days. The B's are also leaking oil defensively, allowing at least 3 goals in 8 of their last 10 outings.
Florida's been putting the puck in the net with regularity during its recent hot streak that has propelled the Panthers back into playoff contention. The Cats have scored at least 3 goals in 10 straight outings, and there's no real reason to believe their offence will cool off against Boston's Anton Khudobin.
We'd be all over the Panthers here, but it looks likely that James Reimer is going to get the start in net instead of Roberto Luongo. Instead, since we love Florida's chances of scoring some goals and also think Boston will get a few on Optimus Reim, let's play the Over.


With 2015 well underway, it is crucial for businesses to stay firmly acquainted with the ever-changing world of Reputation Management. As a business owner, if you stay proactive in your approach to managing your company image you will be able maintain a positive online reputation. This week I will be discussing the top 10 tips to refresh your Reputation Management in 2015.
Following the ruling of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the Google Gonzalez case on 13 May 2014 'right to be forgotten', the EU's Article 29 Data Protection Working Party published its guidelines on the implementation of the ruling.
The MSLGROUP has published a survey analysing companies' experiences in managing communications and reputational challenges. The survey suggests five principles for building and protecting company reputation in the "always-on" world.
As consumers become more engaged in user-generated content – such as blogs, forums, posts, chats and reviews, the online reputation of a hotel is increasingly important to manage, especially when it comes to revenue.
Simon Wadsworth discusses reputation management crises affecting high profile organisations during 2014.


We are dedicated to providing easy access to resources and services that are inclusive and that respect our community's diversity. We demonstrate a strong commitment to accessibility across all of our branches.
In 2014/15 the library corporation worked with the City of Greater Geelong and Scope Victoria to develop a bespoke library Communication Board and iPad app. These tools allow improved communication between staff and customers who are unable to speak, have difficulty understanding instructions or who have speech which is sometimes difficult to understand.
iPads available for loan with various inbuilt accessibility features.
DAISY players (digital talking book formats) are also available for loan.
The VCE collection provides (where available) the print book, audiobook and DVD to cater to different learning styles.
A collection of books which have features like tinted pages to reduce visual stress and a font to help minimise barriers to comprehension for people with dyslexia are available.
The collection includes downloadable ebooks and eAudiobooks and Overdrive has an extra feature which can be enabled to assist people with dyslexia.
Physical Large Print and Audiobooks are also available.
Some online databases have closed captioning on videos, page translation to other languages, read aloud function and the ability to increase the text size.
The website is built to comply with the WCAG 2.0 standards and uses a range of mark-up, visual contrast and structuring techniques to enhance accessibility.
Accredited 'Changing Places' disability change facility. This facility includes a height adjustable change bench which is suitable for adults.
grab rails and an automatic door with a 950mm opening.
The newest of our branches, the Geelong Library & Heritage Centre, hosts many enhanced accessibility features.


Extend the power of your Property Management System with Interfaces and Modules. Website Booking Engine, Credit Card Processing, OTA Connections, Yield Management and more.
Contact us to get started with any of our Interfaces and Modules.
Choose from any of our Interfaces and modules to extend the functionality of your system and customize the system to fit your property. Click to learn more.
Seamless integration with MyCard, our PCI compliant comprehensivecredit card processing system.
Add items to accommodations and sell these packages online. Integrate tracking for easy fulfillment, financial and daily management.
Our seamless interface to TripAdvisor, Trip Connect and Review Express is highly effective at helping travelers choose your property when booking.
Connect your PMS to your BookingSuite Digital Marketing Interface.
Manage rate yield and forecasting. Automate changes to Front Desk, Website, and GDS/ OTA Channels.
Allows management of accounts per OWNER and percentage (%) of the revenue allocated to from bookings per unit.
Interfaces to over 500 unique Guest Services devices including keyless systems, mini-bar, movies and internet usage.
Use guest traffic patterns increase revenue sources. Better understand your marketplace and maximize your impact!
Add guest phone charges to a booking with complete record of the call including extension duration, and destination.


Crowdbase, a Quebec City, Canada-based start-up that provides a platform that allows teams to capture and organize knowledge, has secured $650k in seed financing.
Backers include Real Ventures, iNovia Capital, and Martin-Luc Archambault (Bolidea).
The company intends to use the capital to accelerate product development and expand its team (http://crowdbase.com/jobs).
Founded in 2011 and led by Albert Dang-Vu, CEO, and Martin Laprise, CTO & Chief Scientist, Crowdbase allows teams to share questions, answers, notes, and Web links in a private social network, and then intelligently structures that data into relevant topics and pages. The company's proprietary technology analyzes social interactions and information collected by each user or team and then builds a knowledge-graph and interest-graph for each individual's private group.


N.C. Gen. Stat. §150B-21.3A, adopted in 2013, requires state agencies to review existing rules every 10 years. The Department of Environmental Quality rules are located by subchapters in Title 15A of the NC Administrative Code. The Division of Water Resources Nutrient Strategy Rules for the Neuse, Tar-Pamlico, and Randleman Lake are located in Section .0200 of Subchapter 02B. The latest version of proposed revisions to the Nutrient Strategy Rules for the Neuse, Tar-Pamlico, and Randleman Lake can be downloaded here.
Currently, only the Neuse, Tar-Pamlico, and Randleman Nutrient Strategy Rules are going through the readoption process. In July 2016, the General Assembly passed Session Law 2016-94, which calls for an evaluation of the Falls and Jordan nutrient strategies and separates these rules from the rest of the periodic rules readoption process, setting later rulemaking timelines which to be initiated no later than March 15, 2019.
February 15, 2019: The proposed rule readoptions and amendments to the Neuse and Tar-Pamlico Nutrient Strategy Rules were posted to the NC Register. This action begins a 60-day public comment period on the rules, which will run through April 16, 2019.
A PDF copy of the proposed rule revisions and notice of text is available on the Division of Water Resources website here.
Also, as a requirement of the rulemaking process DWQ staff completed a fiscal analysis estimating costs to affected parties and benefits of the proposed rule revisions. This analysis has been approved by the Office of State Budget and Management and is available on their website here.
Anyone interested in and potentially affected by the proposed rule revisions is strongly encouraged to submit written comments, data or other relevant information. Comments may be submitted to John Huisman at the postal address listed below or emailed to nps-comments@ncdenr.gov.
Between 2015 and 2018 the Division has held three stakeholder meetings for input on the draft proposed rules revisions.
If you have any questions or would like to receive future notices regarding the readoption of the Neuse, Tar-Pamlico, and Randleman Lake rules please contact John Huisman at john.huisman@ncdenr.gov or (919) 807-6436.


text:
Q: In python, I want to loop through multiple csv files and remove specific rows I have 10 csv files, in each file, I want to remove rows containing the following numbers in the UID column - 1002, 1007,1008.
Please note, all 10 csv files have the same column names
# one of the csv files looks like this

import pandas as pd

df = {
        'UID':[1001,1002,1003,1004,1005,1006,1007,1008,1009,1010],
        'Name':['Ray','James','Juelz','Cam','Jim','Jones','Bleek','Shawn','Beanie','Amil'],
        'Income':[100.22,199.10, 191.13,199.99,230.6,124.2,122.9,128.7,188.12,111.3],
        'Age':[24,32,27,54,23,41,44,29,30,68]
}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)
df = df[['UID','Name','Age','Income']]
df

Attempt
#I know I need a for loop or glob to iterate through the folder and filter out the desired UIDs. My dilemma is I don't know how to incorporate steps II & III  in I

#Step I: looping through the .csv files in the folder

import os
directory = r'C:\Users\admin'
for filename in os.listdir(directory):
    if filename.endswith(".csv"):
        print(os.path.join(directory, filename))

# StepII: UID to be removed - 1002,1007,1008

df2 = df[~(df.UID.isin([1002,1007,1008]))]

# Step III: Export the new dataframes as .csv files (10 csv files)
df2.to_csv(r'mypath\data.csv)

Thanks

A: Try this:
import os
directory = r'C:\Users\admin'
for filename in os.listdir(directory):
    if filename.endswith(".csv"):
        filepath = os.path.join(directory, filename)
        df = pd.read_csv(filepath)
        df2 = df[~df['UID'].isin([1002,1007,1008])]
        filename, ext = filepath.rsplit('.', maxsplit=1)
        filename = f'{filename}_mod.{ext}'
        df2.to_csv(filename)

Note: @TimRoberts is right, pandas is overkill here, but if you wanted to learn here is one potential solution.

A: You don't need a program for this, and you certainly don't need pandas.  If you have Linux tools:
grep -v -e 1002, -e 1007, -e 1008, incoming.csv > fixed.csv

Windows:
findstr /v /c:1002, /c:1007, /c:1008, incoming.csv > fixed.csv

So, in a batch file:
cd C:\Users\admin
mkdir fixed
for %i in (*.csv) do findstr /v /c:1002, /c:1007, /c:1008, %%i > fixed\%%i

A: sorry for my bad english
Step II:
If i haven't miss understood, you want to remove the values [1002,1007,1008] from this list [1001,1002,1003,1004,1005,1006,1007,1008,1009,1010] in df dictionary. Simple, you iterate over the keys of the dict like this:
values = [1002,1007,1008]

for key in df.keys():

then you check if there are any of the values you want to remove in the value of that key
values = [1002,1007,1008]
for key in df.keys():
    for value in values:
        if value in df[key]:
            df[key].remove(value)

Step III
import csv

with open('my_file.csv', mode='w') as file:
    file_writer = csv.writer(file, delimiter=',', quotechar='"', quoting=csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)

    file_writer.writerow(df)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This year, Care for Veterans celebrates 100 years of serving the ex-Service community and within this time has supported an estimated 35,000+ veterans and their families. Our partnerships with charitable trusts and foundations have been critical to reaching this milestone, and as we face the prospect of caring for a new wave of veterans from more recent conflicts, we hope to continue to work closely with trusts and foundations to achieve our mission.
Join our current supporters in making a real and lasting difference to the lives of disabled veterans.
With your support, we can transform the quality of life of our country's disabled veterans, helping these brave men and women to live with the independence and dignity that they deserve – now and in the future.
Every year we must raise over £1.9 million towards a range of capital and revenue costs in order to continue providing the highest levels of care and rehabilitation to our country's veterans. Your funding can be restricted for a specified purpose, and regular project reports will be provided to demonstrate the benefit of your support. We also seek unrestricted donations towards our core running costs.
We currently require funding for the following projects, each of which will directly benefit the well-being of our residents. Full details of these projects, and others, are available from our Trusts & Foundations Officers, Kim Bowen-Wood and Clare Smith. You can all them on 01903 218444.
Neuropsychologist: help support residents with severe neurological disabilities or conditions to come to terms with their disability, and support their families and Care for Veterans staff to gain a more in-depth understanding of their condition.
Wheelchair clinic: help to fund this on-site wheelchair service in which our Occupational Therapists provide vital assessments, repairs and adjustments.
Speech and Language Therapy: help our residents with communication difficulties to express their thoughts, feelings and desires.
Physiotherapy: funding towards this vital service is essential to continue supporting our residents to become more mobile.
For full financial information please click here to view our annual accounts online.
We welcome you to visit Care for Veterans to see first-hand how your support can improve our residents' quality of life. Should you like to arrange a visit, please do not hesitate to get in touch. We would be delighted to show you around the facilities and introduce you to some of our wonderful residents.
If you represent a charitable trust or foundation and have any questions about the work of Care for Veterans, or would like to discuss how your trust can support our work, please contact our Trusts & Foundations Officers, Kim or Clare, who will be pleased to assist. Tel: 01903 218444 or write: Care for Veterans, Gifford House, Boundary Road, Worthing, West Sussex, BN11 4LJ.


text:
Creative Writing grads brings visions to life
Taylor M. Polites' "The Rebel Wife" was published in Simon & Schuster earlier this year, fulfilling his longtime dream of being a published novelist.
Bill Thomas, A&E Editor
From novels to stage plays to motion pictures, graduates from Wilkes' Creative Writing program aren't letting their degrees go to waste.
In their heads, it's all so clear. The images are vivid, the characters as real as people in the flesh. It's not always easy, though, for writers to translate the things they see in their mind's eye onto paper.
That's where Wilkes University's low-residency Creative Writing MA/MFA program comes in.
"I grew up down South, in Alabama," Taylor M. Polites said. "I went to college in St. Louis to study history and French. Then I moved to New York City and ended up working in finance for 13 years, but I always wanted to write novels."
Polites, who now lives in Providence, R.I., graduated the program with his MFA in 2010. His first novel, "The Rebel Wife," about the struggles of a Civil War widow, was published by Simon & Schuster earlier this year.
While the idea behind "The Rebel Wife" predates history-buff Polites' enrollment at Wilkes, Polites nevertheless said it was the Creative Writing program that helped him refine the skills he needed to bring his long-held vision to life.
"It was great to go down to my basement and write every day. I was making progress and I was writing things, but it was in a bubble," Polites said. "I had this anxiety of wondering 'Am I doing this right? Is what I'm writing making sense? How can I understand the quality of the work I'm doing?' I began to realize the kind of support and feedback I could get from a community of writers."
"Community" is a word that seems to pop up a lot when talking to graduates of the program. And quite the sizable community it is, named by literary organization Poets & Writers as the largest program of its kind in the country.
The program currently has 79 full-time and 11 part-time students enrolled, instructed by 30 faculty members in five tracts: fiction, creative nonfiction, poetry, playwriting and screenwriting.
The faculty line-up covers every aspect of the writing world, from editors and published authors – like Beverly Donofrio, whose memoir "Riding in Cars with Boys" was turned into a movie of the same name starring Drew Barrymore – to literary agents and film producers.
"A lot of the programs I looked at before Wilkes' didn't offer screenwriting," Jonathan Rocks, of Philadelphia, said, noting the wide range of styles and genres the program covers.
Rocks finished the program in 2009 and has since had a screenplay he wrote in it, called "Luke Whimsey,"optioned by New York-based production company Triboro Pictures, who will take the script to this year's American Film Market at the end of October to seek funding.
"My expectations were more than met, they were exceeded," Rocks said of the program. "I came out of an undergraduate program and I expected something similar, just more specific. What I found instead was more of a true writers' community, which is what I think (program founders) Bonnie Culver and Mike Lennon have strived for since the beginning."
There's that word again, "community." All despite students and faculty often being separated by miles, if not entire states.
For Laurie Powers, who lives in Shreveport, La., one of the most attractive things about the Creative Writing program was its balance of in-person and distance learning: Creative Writing students visit Wilkes' campus for two eight-day periods in January and June every year. The rest of the work is done via Internet.
"I love the low-residency program, because you do get some face-to-face contact," she said. "That's something I wanted, but I didn't want to quit my job to go back to school and I didn't want to do everything online either."
Powers has done visual effects work on many major motion pictures written by other people, including "The Amazing Spider-Man" and "Men in Black 3." Looking to develop her own screenwriting further, she recently received her MA through the program, and is pursuing an MFA.
"Killing Time," one of Powers' own screenplays, which she wrote in the program, was recently made into a short film that is now a finalist in the Louisiana Film Prize festival, due to take place this coming weekend. Passionate about working in mediums outside of film as well, though, Powers' MA thesis was a stage play called "Spirit Medium."
Telling the story of supposed psychic Mina Crandon, who is best-known today for her early 20th century clashes with Harry Houdini, "Spirit Medium" has since had readings in Los Angeles and New York City. Another play Powers wrote, "The Trunk," was staged at the Virginia Playwrights' Forum last November.
All of these things, Powers said, may never have happened if it weren't for her participation in the program.
"Before I went in, I liked to write but I wasn't really disciplined to write. Going through the program really puts you in the mindset of being a writer and writing every day," she said.
"It helps you understand how to start a project and how to finish it and how to get through all the hard stuff in the middle that a lot of people give up on."
Bill Thomas, AE Editor

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Local 1070 is one of 51 Locals within District Council 37, New York City's Largest Public Employees Union, with 125,000 active members, and 50,000 retirees. and along with AFSCME, AFL-CIO with more than 1.6 million members nationwide.
Local 1070, District Council 37, represents members in the District Attorney's Office, the Department of Probation and Public Administrator's Offices. Their titles are: Clerical Associates, Grand Jury Reporters, Paralegal Aides and Secretaries.
We also represent members in the Unified Court System, County Clerk, Family, Criminal, Civil, Supreme and Surrogates Court, and their titles are: Clericals, Court Interpreters, Court Reporters, Law Stenographers and Secretaries to the Judge.


text:
Z6_OAA613C0JGK060AG02OAM23GE6 /wps/portal/hermitage/news/news-item News Item en ltr /Hermitage/News/News Item
Z7_OAA613C0J0U4E0A8SN17L410K2 ltr en Web Content Viewer
Z7_OAA613C0JGFGD0AG9QC84O20U5 ltr en Web Content Viewer
The Hermitage News
Solemn Ceremony of Transfer of the Stock Exchange Building to the State Hermitage Museum
Published on 18 of April 2014
On 18 April 2014, a solemn ceremony of transfer of the Stock Exchange Building to the State Hermitage Museum took place.
The Stock Exchange Building
M.K. Smirnova, Chair of the Committee for City Property Management, and Mikhail Piotrovsky, Director of the State Hermitage Museum, signing the contract for the Stock Exchange transfer
After the ceremony. Georgy Poltavchenko, St. Petersburg Governor, Grigory Pirumov, Deputy Minister of Culture of the Russian Federation, and Mikhail Piotrovsky, Director of the State Hermitage Museum
Admiralty Orchestra of the Leningrad Naval Base
Collection Trip Planer
Georgy Poltavchenko, St. Petersburg Governor, and Mikhail Piotrovsky, Director of the State Hermitage Museum, greeted the audience consisting of the city intellectuals, media representatives and the Hermitage employees who gathered in the central hall of the Stock Exchange Building.
The contract for the Stock Exchange transfer was signed by M.K. Smirnova, Chair of the Committee for City Property Management, and Mikhail Piotrovsky, Director of the State Hermitage Museum.
The guests were welcomed by Grigory Pirumov, Deputy Minister of Culture of the Russian Federation.
At the end of the ceremony, the Admiralty Orchestra of the Leningrad Naval Base (conductor V.K. Lyaschenko) performed the "Hymn to the Great City" by R.M. Gliere.
The Stock Exchange Building was constructed on the Spit of Vasilievsky Island in 1805-1810 by the architect Thomas de Thomon. The architect placed two rostral columns decorated with the statues of sea gods (another version: the images of the rivers Neva, Volkhov, Volga and Dnieper) in front of the building. In 1913-1914, a reinforced concrete vault designed by architects M.M. Peretyatkovich and F.I. Lidvalin was built in the main hall of the Stock Exchange.
Since 1939, the building had housed the Central Naval Museum. In the early 2000s, the city government planned to restore the building to its original purpose and to transfer it to the Commodity Exchange. In 2007, the Committee for State Control on the Use and Protection of Monuments decided to move the museum to the Kryukov (Marine) barracks building, which was done in 2010.
In June 2011, the Stock Exchange Building was transferred from the federal to the city ownership. The Government of St. Petersburg proposed two options for the use of the historic Stock Exchange building: either to accommodate a museum forming part of the State Hermitage Museum (the suggestion was made by Mikhail Piotrovsky), or to organize oil trading. Later, there was another option – to use the building in a project of moving the Supreme Court and the Supreme Arbitration Court to St. Petersburg. But in 2013, this idea, as well as a number of other ideas, was abandoned.
In December 2013, Georgy Poltavchenko, St. Petersburg Governor, made a final decision on the transfer of the Stock Exchange to the State Hermitage Museum for the creation of the Museum of Heraldry and Awards.
Be part of the story


Planning a Monarch ski trip but unsure where to stay? Ski TownCondos is the place to stay, only 3 miles to Monarch Mountain!
Enjoy the comforts of home in this 2 bedroom condo, full kitchen, washer/dryer, limited wi-fi, and a hot tub in the gazebo!


text:
Checkered skipper, checkered-skipper, or chequered skipper may refer to a variety of butterflies in the family Hesperiidae:

 Carterocephalus, a Holarctic genus of subfamily Heteropterinae that may be known as "chequered skippers" in Europe
 Carterocephalus palaemon, a species commonly known as just "checquered skipper" in Europe
 Large chequered skipper, a Palearctic species
 Pyrgus, a genus of subfamily Pyrginae, some species of which are known as "checkered" or "chequered skippers" in North America
 Burnsius, a genus formerly included in Pyrgus that also includes many species known as "checkered skippers" in North America
 Kedestes lepenula, an African species commonly known as just "chequered skipper"

Animal common name disambiguation pages

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: How to use custom modetimings with NVIDIA on Linux? (In a mult-screen setup) I am trying out the NREAL Air, and after extensive testing I've found that it is more comfortable for me to use it at the not-edid-available 90 Hz mode.  I was able to find this by setting the following parameters in the "screen" section of my xorg conf.
    Option "UseEDID" "false"
    Option "ModeDebug" "true"
    Option "ExactModeTimingsDVI" "true"
    Option "ModeValidation" "NoEdidModes, NoMaxPClkCheck, AllowNonEdidModes"

And then appropriately configuring the rest of my xorg.conf.  See https://gist.github.com/cnlohr/9375d6fc0097b50f73c4da7b75a20e83
This has the added beneift of you being able to use custom ModeLine with xrandr.  Which is awesome, btw!
sudo xrandr --output DP-2 --newmode HS2 200 1920 1952 1968 2000 1080 1089 1094 1250 +hsync +vsync
sudo xrandr --addmode DP-2 HS2
sudo xrandr --output DP-2 --mode HS2

But, this does not work with display managers, like lightdm, which switch into my desired mode, and then immediately switch to the default 1024x768 for both monitors, which my laptop display cannot handle.
It does, however, work with startx but I'd rather not use my system that way, as I like display managers.
Even if I use custom ModeValidation commands, as soon as I don't disable UseEDID the NVIDIA drivers seem to block xrandr from doing any particularly interesting modes, failing with the following error:
X Error of failed request:  BadMatch (invalid parameter attributes)
  Major opcode of failed request:  140 (RANDR)
  Minor opcode of failed request:  18 (RRAddOutputMode)
  Serial number of failed request:  45
  Current serial number in output stream:  46

So, I'm in a bit of a pickle.  If I want to use the smoother, less headache-inducing mode for the NREAL AIR, I can't use EDIDs, but what is a life without EDIDs?


text:
Travel authorizations streamlined, DTS compliance rates improved
By Shawn J. Jones DLA Troop Support Public Affairs
Several members of DLA Troop Support's Command Support Office contributed to a Continuous Process Improvement project to improve Defense Travel System compliance rates from 78 percent to 93 percent. From left, Hank Jansen served as the team coach, Elias Dungca served as the team sponsor, Jontell Platts served as a team member, Raymond Finch served as the project facilitator, Neil Kovnat served as the project champion, and Peter Stupak served as the team lead. Amelia McGarvey, who was unavailable for the team photo, served as the team financial representative.
PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 29, 2016 —
A last minute, overseas mission was put into jeopardy earlier this year due to errors in employees' Defense Travel System accounts. That forced DTS experts at Defense Logistics Agency Troop Support to scramble to ensure the mission could be executed as planned.
Scenarios like this became frequent enough to push two Troop Support employees to peak under the hood of DTS to determine what was causing it to stall, said Jontell Platts, who teamed with fellow Command Support Office management and program analyst Ray Finch.
"We had had enough of that," Finch said.
The team worked with the Continuous Process Improvement office to initiate a formal CPI project, with Finch serving as the project facilitator and Platts serving as a team member.
Peter Stupak, a management and program analyst in the CPI office, served as the team lead and helped the team apply lean principles, which aim to maximize customer value while minimizing waste, in its effort to increase DTS compliance rates from 78 percent to above 90 percent.
Their first objective was to clean up the surplus of invalid traveler accounts. Platts said they relied upon support from the DTS team at Fort Belvoir to help correct the errors. In all, they removed 708 invalid accounts from the system – nearly 40 percent of total accounts.
They also addressed problems with the routing lists in the approval process for DTS authorizations and vouchers. Many of the routing lists suffered from single points of failure, in which if a particular approval official was not available, then the approval wouldn't move forward.
"A lot of people's orders were just stuck in one place," Platts said. "There was no back up."
Finch and Platts eliminated the single points of failure by reducing the number of routing lists and redesigning them to ensure multiple approval officials were assigned to each traveler's account.
The team also created a quick-reference guide to assist DTS travelers and approving officials.
Their efforts paid dividends within a few months as Troop Support's DTS compliance rate averaged 93 percent from July to October.
The swift success was no surprise to the CPI office.
"They demonstrated a firm understanding of the various tools used to perform the analysis and translated their knowledge of travel regulations into actionable outcomes with a lasting impact," Stupak said. "Troop Support will reap the benefits of their efforts because the job aid they created helps travelers avoid common pitfalls and arms them with the information needed before they travel so their vouchers are submitted correctly."
continuous process improvement DLA Troop Support DTS Process Excellence


text:
\section{Introduction}

The study of the photometric properties of the Lunar surface is in a phase of rapid
development through both ground-based ~\citep[e.g.][]{2011Icar..214...30V}
and space-borne ~\citep[e.g.][]{2011Icar..215..639Y,2012LPI....43.2810Y,
  2012LPI....43.2795B} instruments. Absolute photometry of the sunlit Moon
(hereafter BS for the ``Bright Side'') can be used to calibrate
satellite borne instruments -- notably Earth-observing
satellites~\citep{2008spie.7081e..28s}, and is an important means of
ensuring long-term stability in data products, such as used for climate
studies.

The so-called ``Dark Side'' of the Moon (hereafter ``DS'') is almost
always illuminated by some fraction of the Sun-lit Earth. This light
is called ``Earthshine'', and is to be distinguished from its source,
which we hereafter refer to as ``Earth{\it light}''.

Photometry of the bright and dark sides of the Moon can be used
to measure/monitor the changing albedo of the Earth. Pioneering
photometer-based work in this field was undertaken already in the
1930s~\citep{1933anost...3..138d,1943c&t....59..375d}, and also later
~\citep{1964saosr.162.....b,1966ArA.....4..131R}.  Modern studies,
utilizing CCDs, date from the work of ~\cite{2001georl..28.1671g}, who show
that albedo studies of the Earth can be performed from the Earth, with
accuracies rivalling satellites and precisions limited mainly by the
Earth's natural albedo variability. A global network of about half a
dozen small telescopes could in principle monitor
Earth's changing albedo via Earthshine photometry rather cheaply, and
with much better long term stability, than satellites ~\citep{flatteetal}.

Satellite measurements of visual-band fluxes from the CERES and ERBE
instruments have shown \citep{2006tella..58..320b} that the global-mean
annual cycle in monthly-mean albedo has an amplitude of about 3\% of the
mean value.  Shorter-term variations can be larger -- in GERB full-disc
images at 15 minute intervals, it was found ~\citep{Oelund2013} that
at quarter phase albedo varied by 20\%, due to changing cloud masses.

Earthshine telescopes currently in use are strongly motivated by the design
made at Big Bear Solar Observatory
~\citep{2001georl..28.1671g,2010adast2010e..26g} and collaborators. Telescopes
of this type are currently operating from Tenerife and the Crimea. The
instruments are small (few cm aperture) automatically operating refractors,
which image the Moon and the surrounding sky on a suitable scale (near $1^\circ
\times 1^\circ$).

The essential observational issues to be solved are, firstly, the reduction
and/or removal of the significant light scattering, arising partly in the
atmosphere, but mainly in the optical train of the telescope/detector; and
secondly, the high contrast ratio between the BS and DS, which typically is not
much less than the dynamic range of the imaging (CCD) device.

The telescopes typically consist of a primary lens and secondary optics
designed to allow the insertion of a Lyot-stop, to eliminate divergent
light rays~\citep{1939MNRAS..99..580L,1973JOSA...63.1399N}, along with a means of inserting
optical band- or neutral density-filters, and a shutter at the pupil. They
also typically use high quality bi-element objectives (in order to limit
the number of optical surfaces) and occulting devices near the prime
focus with which to cover the BS. A typical occulting
device is a knife-edge that can be manually or automatically positioned
in the field of view. Such devices suppress the light entering the
rest of the optical system, at the cost of producing a bright field of
forward-scattered light within the telescope.

Since such a device adds complexity to operational procedures, while not
altogether eliminating the need for subsequent numerical modelling of the
scattered light, we have considered doing without it. Numerical modelling of
scattered light may be unavoidable in the bulk of earthshine observations, but
attention to optical design, internal baffling and identifying excellent
observing conditions can also give interesting results. We find ourselves with
data from a rare and special night where the data show unique properties, and
discuss these here.

We have operated our own equatorially mounted earthshine
refractor~\citep{2008SPIE.7012E..91O,2010spie.7733e..88d}, from
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's observatory on Mauna
Loa (3397 m altitude) in Hawaii, during 2011 and 2012, acquiring 500+
image sequences of the Moon in 5 broad-band filters -- amongst them
Johnson $B$ and $V$.  Our imager is an Andor DU897-BV camera based on
a sensitive back-illuminated thinned CCD chip (512$\times$512 pixels,
pixel size of 16 $\mu$m and image scale 6.67 arcsec per pixel, field
of view is just under 1$\times$1 degree of arc). The detector is cooled
thermostatically by a Peltier element.

In this paper, we present $B$ and $V$ band imaging data of the Moon taken with
our Earthshine telescope, under unique atmospheric conditions in which the
scattered halos in $B$ and $V$ light cancelled so well as to yield a $B-V$
``colour map'' of the Lunar surface with virtually no residual scattered-light
colour gradient. This map has been used to measure the colour of Earthshine on
the DS, and sunlight on the BS, as a means of estimating the
colour of Earthlight.

We believe this to be the only recent determination of the dark side's
Johnson $B-V$ colour, since the late 1960s.

\section[]{Observations and Data reductions}

The waning crescent Moon was observed on JD2455945.177 (16:00 UTC,
January 18, 2012) at an airmass of $z~\sim$1.5 with an illuminated
fraction of close to 0.25; lunar phase near 40$^\circ$. Image stacks
of 100 consecutive 55 millisecond images in $V$ and 155 milliseconds
in $B$, along with bias frames immediately before and after the stacks,
were exposed.
Flat field images in $B$ and $V$ were acquired from a
Hohlraum lamp source mounted on the dome wall. The flat fields originally
had some smooth spatial gradients near the edge which were removed by
subtraction of a fitted low-order polynomial surface after which the
mean level was added back. Hundreds of images had been obtained in both
bands and averaged.  Flat field noise is thus low and the flat fields
are dominated by dust speck signatures and a fixed diagonal pattern
probably due to CCD thinning.

The bias level in the CCD oscillates by about 0.25\% over a 20-minute
period due to the Peltier cooling element. To remove this, we create a
'superbias' image from hundreds of bias images that were averaged,
using the mean half-median technique on each pixel, to yield a very low-noise
image of the bias. Bias frames taken before and after science frames could then
be used to scale the superbias to the appropriate level. This procedure proved
very satisfactory. The science frames were bias-subtracted, flat fielded
following standard techniques, and then converted to fluxes by dividing by the
exposure times.

Although atmospheric extinction coefficients were not measured on the night of
the observations, long term monitoring of extinction during the project has
yielded values of $k_B=0.17$ and $k_V=0.08$. These coefficients are needed to
set the zero point of the photometry, but have no effect on the colour
difference of the DS and BS, since they factor out.

Transformations from instrumental to Johnson $B$ and $V$ were derived
from observations of the open cluster NGC 6633 (RA = 18h 37m and DEC =
+06 34, J2000), for which colours and magnitudes are available in the
WEBDA Open Cluster database (http://www.univie.ac.at/webda/). This
cluster was very convenient, because (1) is ~20 arcmin across, ideal for
our camera's field of view. It is young ($<$1 Gyr), so there is a wide range of colours
amongst the stars, from $0 < B-V < 2.0$, while the stars are relatively
bright ($V<12$) and can be reached in less than a minute in $B$ and $V$).  Photometry in $UBV$ is available in ~\cite{1958apj...127..539h} for 95 stars with $V<12$, and these stars were located in our
images and transformations obtained to the standard Johnson system. The
estimated accuracy of the $V$ magnitudes in ~\cite{1958apj...127..539h} is $\pm
0.012$ mag and in $B-V$ colour is is $\pm 0.006$ mag. Averaging over
95 stars leads to a very precise calibration.
The scatter of the transformations is about 0.02 mag, while the
zero-point is set to better than 0.01 mag.

The lunar images were carefully aligned, as miss-alignment tends to
leave surface-feature patterns and residual light of the two halos
(i.e. scattered light) in $B$ and $V$ in the colour map. Optimal
alignment was found by using a combination of visual inspection and
correlation methods.  Typical standard deviation of the alignment
errors are at the sub-pixel level; worst-case misalignments above half
a pixel are easily caught by visual inspection. Given the plate-scale,
we estimate alignment errors to be 1-2 arc seconds generally, 3 arc
seconds at worst. In terms of degrees of lunar longitude these numbers
correspond to 0.2$^\circ$, at most. The disadvantage of using a method
based on co-adding 100 aligned images is that the signal to noise ratio
(SNR) is not quite as high as that available using an occulting device --
we expect a single well-exposed image taken with such a device covering the bright
side to have a DS SNR 5 times higher than what is possible with 100 co-added
short exposures. Alignment of images is possible to a  satisfactory degree,
but the limited resolving power of our optical system spreads the light
from e.g. bright lunar highlands into darker mare, making use of the
co-located selenographic coordinate system, and choice of lunar regions
for photometry, critical. The disadvantages could be countered by using
a faster optical system with better resolving power and a camera with a
larger buffer and faster image download speed. The advantage of the co-addition
technique is that a symmetric ray path is maintained so that an axially
asymmetric scattered light field inside the telescope/camera system is
avoided.

Colours were measured on the dark and bright sides at particular regions
of the surface, which were extracted from the pixel space images on the
basis of a selenographic coordinates. The mapping between image pixel
positions and the selenographic coordinate system is possible with the
ephemerides and some geometry. We selected regions centered on those
used by ~\cite{franklin1967}: that is, Mare Crisium at 18$^\circ$ N,
60$^\circ$ E, and Oceanus Procelarum at 19$^\circ$ N, and 60$^\circ$
W. Photometry was performed at these coordinate centers for rectangular
apertures of sizes from plus/minus 1 to plus/minus 5 selenographic
degrees (in longitude and latitude).  We determined an optimal size
of plus/minus 3 degrees. Larger apertures tended to erroneously
include a few pixels from adjoining, higher or lower luminosity lunar areas;
smaller apertures contained fewer pixels and noise averaging suffered.

The mean values in each subregion, and the standard deviation of
that mean were obtained by bootstrap sampling (5000 times) with
replacement~\citep{efrontibshirani93} on the pixels contained in the
sub-images.

A calibrated false-colour $B-V$ image of the Moon is shown in
Figure~\ref{fig:fig1}. There is almost complete cancellation
between the halos of BS-scattered light in the $B$ and the $V$ bands.
In Figure~\ref{fig:fig11} details of the halo profiles on this night,
and a night where halos do not cancel, are shown. The night JD2455945.17
is mediocre in terms of the strength of scattering in the
atmosphere -- the other night shown is much clearer, but on that night
the halos do not cancel. The cancellation is an as-yet poorly understood
interplay of halo profiles and intensities dictated by lunar phase and
atmospheric conditions.

In Table~\ref{tab:tab1} we give calibrated magnitudes from selected
regions (see caption of table for details) in the $B$ and $V$ images
seperately, along with $B-V$ calculated from the same regions in the $B-V$
image directly. We see that the difference between $B$ and $V$ magnitudes
is the same as $B-V$ found in the $B-V$ image, but that the errors of the
former difference is larger than the latter. This constitues a
sanity check on the data. $B-V$ for the same regions extracted in a
Full Moon image from JD2455814 were also extracted so that the intrinsic
surface colour-differences between the two regions could be estimated ---
results likewise in Table~\ref{tab:tab1}.

The literature since the late 1960s contains discussions of how much
lunar colour depends on the phase angle; the dependence is low but can
be measured \citep{1969AJ.....74..273M,velikodsky2011}. Observations,
from the ground and from lunar orbiters, of lunar reddening in $B-V$
can be extrapolated to the relevant phase for our observation (DS near 0
degrees phase, BS at 40 degrees phase) and yields a suggested reddening
of at least 0.06 mags of the DS-to-BS observation. Observations of
the phase-dependent reddening of lunar colours, since it was first
noticed and until now, do not agree on the magnitude of the
effect, only the sign -- e.g. compare ~\cite{1969AJ.....74..273M}
and ~\cite{1973aj.....78..267l}. Since we wish to compare to
\cite{franklin1967}, who did not apply any phase-dependent corrections,
nor do we.  Franklin's set of observations cover phase angles from 32
to 78 degrees, spanning our single observation. There is no hint of any
phase dependence in $B-V$, but the scatter in Franklin's $B-V$ data is
of the same order of magnitude as the expected reddening.

\begin{table}
\caption{Results. Average $B$ and $V$ and average $B-V$ difference, and
uncertainties, for two selected regions on the Moon.  All magnitudes are
absolute calibrated, using stars in the open cluster NGC 6633 (see text
for details).  B image was obtained at JD 2455945.1760145 while V image
was obtained at JD 2455945.1776847.  Means and uncertainties found using
bootstrap sampling with replacement on sub-image region pixels. The
BS region lies in Oceanus Procelarum (OC), centered at 19$^\circ$
N and 60$^\circ$ W, while the DS region is in Mare Crisium (MC) and
is centered at 18$^\circ$ N, 60$^\circ$ E.  We report here results for
box-size of width plus/minus 3 selenographic degrees.  The third line
gives $B-V$ extracted from the DS and BS regions of the $B-V$ image
itself while lines 1 and 2 are based on extractions from the $B$ and $V$
images individually. Note that $B$ and $V$ magnitudes are dependent on
knowing the extinction corrections while $B-V$ is not. 'DS' and 'BS'
refer to the observations on JD2455945, while 'FM' (lines 4 and 5)
refers to the near-Full Moon observations of JD 2455814. No corrections
for phase-dependent reddening have been applied.} \label{tab:tab1}
\centering
 \begin{tabular}{rlrrr}\hline\hline
 & Location   & $\left<{B}\right>$ & $\left<{V}\right>$ & $\left<{B-V}\right>$ \\\hline
 1& MC (DS) & 10.166$\pm$0.009&9.420$\pm$0.006&0.75$\pm$0.01\\
 2& OP (BS) &  2.093$\pm$0.006&1.194$\pm$0.007&0.90$\pm$0.01\\

\cline{1-5}
 3& DS-BS   & -      &     -         &$-0.150 \pm$0.005\\

\cline{1-5}
 4& MC (FM)       & - & - & 0.883$\pm$0.001 \\
 5& OP (FM) & - & - & 0.832$\pm$0.002 \\  \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

The colour of the Sun has been determined indirectly using Sun-like
stars by \citep{2006mnras.367..449h}, who obtain $(B-V)_\odot = 0.64 \pm
0.02$ mag. Another method to determine the colours of the Sun is by
applying synthetic photometry to the observed, absolute flux calibrated
solar spectrum; this results in $(B-V)_\odot = 0.63 − 0.65$ ~\citep{1996AJ....112..307C,1998A&A...333..231B}, in good agreement with
the \cite{2006mnras.367..449h} value. For the BS (which is illuminated directly
by the Sun), we derive a colour of $0.90 \pm 0.01$ mag: thus, the Moon
reddens the Solar spectrum by $0.90 - 0.64 = 0.26$ mag, on average. If
we assume the same reddening of the Earthlight when it reflects from
the Moon as Earthshine, we derive an apparent colour for Earthlight on
this particular night of $B-V = 0.75 - 0.26 = 0.49 \pm 0.02$ mag. The
uncertainty given is dominated by the uncertainty on $(B-V)_\odot$.

However, we have also estimated, using Full Moon images from JD 2455814,
the intrinsic difference in $B-V$ colour between the selected areas
in Mare Crisium and Oceanus Procelarum to be 0.051$\pm$0.002 mag with
Mare Crisium being redder. This implies that the {\it true} colour of
the Earthlight, as seen from the Moon, was 0.051 mag bluer than the
Earthshine, or that the $B-V$ for Earth{\it light} is $0.49 - 0.051 =
0.44\pm0.02$ mag.  Since phase-dependent reddening occurs
when light strikes the Moon the value is a lower limit on earthlight's $B-V$
colour. The phase-dependence of the reddening is poorly known so
we do not correct for it -- but orders of magnitude can be given:
~\cite{1969AJ.....74..273M} measured (at 90 degree phase, for reference)
a 3\% effect, while ~\cite{1973aj.....78..267l} found a 10\% effect
at the same angle, so the order of magnitude of the reddening for the
relevant observations we, and Franklin have are from several hundredths
of a magnitude to tenths.

A strong scattered-light halo is typically present surrounding the BS in
any image of the Moon. Typical $B-V$ images obtained at other phases and
other nights show strong spatial gradients.  Both the $B$ and $V$ images
we use here show halos (Figure~\ref{fig:fig11}), so the absence of a
gradient in the $B-V$ image implies conditions such that halos cancelled.
By selecting a crescent phase, and undoubtedly being lucky with conditions
on the given night we have found halo strengths and profiles in $B$ and
$V$ that are matched.  This may have implications for understanding the
origin of the scattering. If the halos are due to wavelength-dependent
processes --- such as atmospheric Rayleigh-, and to a lesser extent
Mie-scattering, then they would not be expected to cancel so cleanly ---
and this is certainly the case on most other nights. Scattering also
originates in the telescope optics from micro-scratches and optical
imperfections, and aberration due to the optics. The Lyot stop removes
most of the non-axially scattered light that enters the first of the
secondary lenses, but a remnant is left which produces at least part of
the halo. This is seen by inserting the occulting device in the prime
focus and imaging various sources --- behind the solid knife edge a halo
is evident; thus at least part of the halo is formed in optics or devices
that follow the prime focus. On less perfect nights a contribution to the
halo is also made by the atmosphere --- it is stronger and also wavelength
dependent and thus cannot be expected to be removed by subtraction.
This argument implies that whatever processes are causing scattering in
the telescope itself are either not wavelength dependent or are very weak.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[scale=.45,viewport=40 0 556 541,clip]{nicecolorfigure_yesFF_b.jpg}
\includegraphics[scale=.45,viewport=40 0 556 541,clip]{new_finder_chart.png}
\caption{$B-V$ image (upper panel) of the waning crescent Moon on
JD 2455945.177. False colours represent $B-V$ values; the DS is blue
and to the left in the figure; the bar shows $B-V$ and corresponding
colours. The finder chart (lower panel) shows the measurement areas
in Mare Crisium and Oceanus Procelarum. Subtle colour differences,
corresponding to M. Crisium, M. Fecunditatis,  M. Nectaris, Tycho and
adjoining M. Nubium can be recognized using the finder chart. Lines of
equal longitude and latitude are drawn at 30$^\circ$ intervals. Eastern
longitudes are to the left in the images. }\label{fig:fig1} \end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[scale=.50,viewport=11 229 553 795,clip]{comparing2profilesets.png}
\caption{Row-slices across the Moon, through disc centre, on two nights,
to illustrate halo profiles and intensities. The upper row is from
a night where the $B$ and $V$ halos did not cancel, while the lower
row is from the unique night JD2455945.17, where the halos did cancel
on the DS part of the lunar disc. The left column shows profiles (B
is in blue, and V is in red), while the right column shows the $B/V$
flux ratio. Horizontal dashed line shows the zero flux level. Vertical
dashed lines show the disc edges. Orientation of DS and BS are as in
Figure~\ref{fig:fig1}.}\label{fig:fig11} \end{figure}

\subsection{Error limits of the technique}
We can assess the minimum possible error in the $B-V$ determinations by
using synthetic Lunar models with appropriate Poisson noise, but with
all problems due to realistic observing limitations omitted. We have
a code which can produce artificial images of the Moon for any of our
observations from Hawaii, and we use bootstrapping with replacement
on subregion pixels on an appropriate artificial image and repeatedly
evaluate the mean colour difference. Extracting the standard deviation for
the distribution we can determine the uncertainty due to Poisson noise,
the centering of the moon, and pixel selection. We find that errors can
be as low as $\pm$0.002 mag ideally (whereas we observe the error to be
$\pm$ 0.005 mag) in comparisons between a DS and BS region. The minimum
error when comparing two BS regions is $\pm$0.0004 mag compared to about
$\pm$0.002 mag in the case of the real observed images.  We conclude that
there is a factor of from two to five between the lowest errors possible
given Poisson statistics and what we find in real data.  Improvements
could potentially be made in our analysis, particularly in areas related
to bias subtraction, flat fielding, and image alignment. Reduction in
errors beyond that could be based on using more than 100 images per
stack, which is the current limit of the image-buffer in our camera.

\section[]{Comparison to other work}

The literature on lunar dark-side photometry and colorimetry is dominated by
the early works of Danjon and Dubois
\citep{1933anost...3..138d,1943c&t....59..375d,1947BuAst..13..193D,1955lastr..69..242d},
but unfortunately their pioneering work is difficult to interpret in terms of
modern photometry. This is quite a pity, because they have produced the longest
set of Earthshine colour measurements. In trying to make use of their
photometry, we are mainly hampered by a lack of understanding of the
light-scattering properties of their equipment, and of the atmospheric
(scattering) conditions on individual observing nights. Furthermore, their
observing procedures did not compensate for the spatial gradient in the
scattered light.  However, if we use the decadal-mean values given by
\cite{1933anost...3..138d} -- and note the addendum provided there --
comparison with our own work is possible.  Danjon worked in the ``Rougier''
filter system and gives colour index values for earthshine as well as
earthlight. The data can be converted to Johnson $B-V$ by use of the Rougier
colour index for the sunlit Moon, the Sun and their known $B-V$ values
\citep{1964jgr....69.4661w}.  We find that $B-V$ corresponding to Danjon's
average data is 0.35 with limits from 0.12 to 0.53. The wide limits are stated
by Danjon as being due to seasonal variations in earthshine colour as seen from
their observing site in France.

The only other measurement of Lunar dark-side in Johnson photometry which we
could find in the refereed literature is by \cite{franklin1967}, who performed
DS aperture photometry referenced to standard stars and reported a difference
between $B-V$ from the DS to the BS of $-0.17$, on average (i.e. DS bluer) for
Mare Crisium and Ocean Procelarum locations.  We have used his data to
calculate the standard deviation in this value and find $\sigma = 0.05$ mag.
In this paper, we find a colour change of $\Delta(B-V)_{DS-BS}= -0.150 \pm
0.005$ mag from our observations, so the two
measurements are consistent.

Recently, the Cassini Solstice mission acquired images of the Earth and Moon as
seen from beyond Saturn --- unfortunately, pixels in the image of Earth (in the
press-release images) are saturated and photometric analysis of these data does
not appear possible. Potentially, the original data could be utilized, and we
are continuing work on this. A similar situation applies to recent Juno
spacecraft images.

Instruments in Lunar orbit can observe the DS, but it is still challenging to
do so as the Earthshine is intrinsically faint and exposure times become so
long that image blur can occur due to platform motion.  The Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter has taken several images of the DS, available in the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory public data archives, but inspection shows that only very
faint DS levels are present because the exposure time settings are set
optimally for imaging of the BS.

Low-Earth orbit satellites daily take images of Earth, and in many
spectral bands, but we have found no conversion to the Johnson system. LEO
imagery is unsuited for building instantaneous full-disc images of
Earth, due to the long revisit time for a given area.  Geo-stationary
satellites take full-disc images, but only in one visual and a number
of near-IR and longer bands, which does not allow for a transformation
to the Johnson system.  No readily useful spacecraft-based Johnson $B-V$
results for the lunar DS or the earthlight therefore exist.

Observed spectra of Earthshine have
been published~\citep{
1936PAAS....8R...7D,
2002ApJ...574..430W,
2002A&A...392..231A,
2005ApJ...629.1175M,
2006ApJ...644..551T,
2006A&A...460..617H}
but are mainly unsuitable for spectro-photometry in the visual wavelength
range as they are presented mainly for discussions of telluric
signatures in the red, near-IR and IR parts of the spectrum, and
not  in terms of absolute flux calibration or photometric colours. We
contribute calibrated Johnson $B-V$ colours as a first step in this
direction. Other papers are devoted to polarimetry of the earthshine
~\citep{2013A&A...556A.117B,2013PASJ...65...38T}, and their results are
not suited for spectro-photometry. \cite{2013MNRAS.435.2574G} show
normalized high-resolution spectra in a narrow wavelength range
only.  On the basis of the earthlight spectrum for May 31 2005,
in ~\cite{2006A&A...460..617H}, we estimate $(B-V)_{EL}=0.53\pm0.05$,
which is redder than what we derive. Daily variations in the earthshine
spectrum shown in ~\cite{2006A&A...460..617H} correspond to 0.05 mags
in $B-V$. Our own estimates of daily variations of earthshine flux, based
on satellite data, is 20\%, at quarter phase, so we see no disagreement
between our observation and the one based on published spectra.

Of related interest to us are the GOME (Global Ozone
Monitoring Experiment) disk-averaged observations of the (Sun-lit)
Moon~\citep{1997ESASP.414..743D,1998ApOpt..37.7832D} --- the results for
the wavelength dependent Lunar albedo can be used to determine BS $B-V$,
based on reference spectra of the Sun, such as the~\cite{Wehrli-1985}
spectrum. Multiplying this spectrum with the GOME albedo law,  which is
almost linear in wavelength -- Figure 4 in~\cite{1998ApOpt..37.7832D},
and applying $B$- and $V$-filter transmission curves, we derive
$(B-V)^{Wehrli,GOME}_{BS} = 0.88$ mag. This is 0.25 mag redder than the
Wehrli-based solar $(B-V)_{\odot}^{Wehrli}$ colour of 0.63 mag, which
we compute in the same way. The difference between observed values of
$B-V$ of the Sun~\citep[0.64$\pm$0.02 mag]{2006mnras.367..449h} and our
BS observations of the Moon is $0.26\pm0.02$ mag, consistent with the
GOME-based result.

We note that the colour for Earth given
in~\cite{2000allensqu.book.....C,1975allensqu.book.....A,1955QB461.Allen564.....}
is $B-V = 0.2$, but it is unclear whence the value originates.  In the
1955 edition of Allen, work by~\cite{1933anost...3..138d} is cited,
but as far as we can see, Danjon gives values for the colour index
inconsistent with $B-V = 0.2$.  Accompanying notes in Allen refer to a
reduction of the published value of the planetary colour index by 0.1
to 0.2 to satisfy observations, but the origin of this correction is
unclear. As seen above, the $B-V$ equivalent to the Rougier colour index
values places the Earthlight colour in a range consistent with the Allen
value of '0.2', but we suggest that the Danjon-based mean value of $B-V =
0.35$ mag be used instead.

\section{Summary}
We have obtained $B$- and $V$-band images of the Moon on JD
2455945.177. We construct a $B-V$ image and find area-mean values for the
dark-side to bright-side $B-V$ difference, using reference areas defined
in~\cite{franklin1967}. We have used relative photometric observing-
and data-reduction methods, thereby eliminating important sources of
potential bias such as dependencies on detector sensitivity variations
in time, extinction corrections and exposure times.  Currently, error
limits are not set by the inherent Poisson statistics, and errors could
potentially be lowered by factors of 2--5 with careful attention paid
to data-reduction techniques; after that improvements can be expected
by increasing the number of images used in the stacks.

We have shown that the $B-V$ colour of Earthshine, determined from a pair
of $B$ and $V$ image stacks, taken on a photometrically exceptional night
at Mauna Loa with our Earthshine telescope, agrees within errors with the
only other published dark side $B-V$ value, that by~\citet{franklin1967}
observed 45 years earlier, and is in general agreement with the broad
limits set by Danjon and Dubois' work 1930s-1950s.

This paper has been about a single pair of fortuitously identified
images. We have 500 more, but they are not suited for this type of
analysis --- their halos do not match. We cannot rely on the present method
for analysis of long-term evolution of earthshine unless a method can be
found to convert existing pairs of images to pairs where the halos match.
It may be possible to transform images suitably by adaptive convolution
methods.  Time will tell if that approach works; in the meantime work
will continue on a different type of analysis --- forward modelling of
the scattered light --- and albedos in 5 colour bands will be presented
in a future publication.

\begin{acknowledgements}
This work was supported by the Danish Climate Centre at The Danish
Meteorological Institute.  We thank VINNOVA for the funding that made
the earthshine project possible, and NOAA staff for their assistance at
Mauna Loa during observations.  Ana Ulla thanks the University of Vigo
for funding under grant 12VI20. M. Collados and R. López are thanked
for technical discussions on the optical configuration of the telescope.
Ben Berkey helped us extensively and knowledgeably at MLO and is warmly
thanked.  John Sarkissian is thanked for very useful discussions on Lunar
colours, and Luc Arnold provided access to his earthshine spectra, for
which we are most grateful. Comments and suggestions from an anonymous
referee are warmly acknowledged. This research has made use of the
WEBDA database, operated at the Department of Theoretical Physics and
Astrophysics of the Masaryk University.  \end{acknowledgements}

\bibliographystyle{aa}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
University of Iowa Extends Head Football Coach Kirk Ferentz's Contract
By Dave Bohl Jan 14, 2022
(Iowa City, Iowa) -- The University of Iowa is extending Head Football Coach Kirk Ferentz's contract.
Ferentz contract now extends through the 2029 season. His previous contract had been through the 2025 season. He'll be paid $7 million dollars per year under the extended contract. Ferentz has been the head football coach at the University of Iowa for 23 years and is currently the longest-tenured coach in NCAA FBS Division I football.
Ferentz holds an overall record of 178-110 as head coach, including 9-9 in bowl games.


text:
Homeland Security LIVE
Home > News > Press Releases > DHS Hosts Hurricane Briefing with President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Hurricane State Governors
DHS Hosts Hurricane Briefing with President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Hurricane State Governors
DHS is Coordinating Preparedness on all Levels of Government
WASHINGTON – Today, the Department of Homeland Security hosted a hurricane briefing for President Donald J. Trump, Vice President Mike Pence, cabinet officials, and hurricane state governors. The purpose of the briefing, held at Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) headquarters in Washington, DC, was to discuss the nation's preparedness for hurricane season. Donald J. Trump, Vice President Mike Pence, Acting Secretary of Homeland Security Elaine Duke, FEMA Administrator Brock Long, and other federal agency leaders all attended. They were joined via teleconference by the governors from states with a high risk of hurricanes.
During the meeting, the President was briefed on the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season forecast by the acting director for the National Hurricane Center. Acting Secretary of Homeland Security Duke discussed the government-wide year-long hurricane preparedness efforts, working with all levels of government, the private sector, and individuals – highlighting the shared responsibility of preparedness. FEMA Administrator Long discussed the nation's readiness posture for hurricane response and the Agency's response and recovery capabilities.
"Natural disaster preparedness is a joint effort between state and local partners, the American people, and the federal government. We at DHS and FEMA are ready to respond quickly, efficiently, and effectively when a disaster occurs," said Acting Secretary Duke. "We take this responsibility seriously, and like today will continue to coordinate closely with our state and local partners to support our nation's collective ability to respond."
Several governors briefed out on their state-specific preparedness efforts, as well as ongoing coordination with their federal counterparts.
"Incidents begin and end locally, and FEMA's role is to support the efforts and capabilities of states, local governments, tribes, and territories impacted by disasters," said Administrator Long. "FEMA stands ready to coordinate federal capabilities in our shared responsibility for response and recovery. Every level of government and each individual has a role to play."
The Atlantic hurricane season runs from June 1 through November 30. More information on safety measures the public can take can be found at http://www.ready.gov/hurricanes. The FEMA App (available in English and Spanish) puts safety tips, directions to shelters, emergency supply checklists and more, into the palms of users' hands.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),
National Preparedness,
Response and Recovery,
Last Published Date: August 14, 2018


There was once a prince; he himself wanted to have a princess.
men det skulle være en rigtig prinsesse.
but it should be a real pricess.
but she would have to be a real princess.
So he traveled all over the world to find such a princess.
but he couldn't find out at all whether they were real princesses or not.
but it was difficult to find out whether they were real ones.
altid var der noget, som ikke var så rigtigt.
There was always something that was not so real.
There was always something about them that was not as it should be.
for han ville så gerne have en virkelig prinsesse.
for he wanted badly to have a real princess.


Venue: R. Premadas Stadium, Colombo.
Welcome to the only T20I match between Sri Lanka and South Africa. Team south africa won the Odi series with 3-2 match score And the other hand Sri Lanka won the two match test series. Team Srilanka and south africa both are focuse in today's match. Now we have to see that the which team won this T20 match.
Weather of Colombo: weather is partly cloudy. chances of rain.
temp: 26 degrees. Humidity: 91%.
Head to Head: South Africa 5 – 4 Sri Lanka (since 2012).
Toss analytics: Srilanka would be bowl first.
Final Tip: South Africa will win the match.


text:
The 21st Grey Cup game was the Canadian football championship in 1933. Toronto Argonauts defeated Sarnia Imperials 4–3 at Sarnia's Davis Field on December 9 before a crowd of 2,751.

References

Grey Cup
Sport in Sarnia
Grey Cup
1933 in Ontario
December 1933 sports events
Toronto Argonauts


Today I revealed the new writing unit to the students; an exploration into how to develop character, plot and setting. What better way to explore all of these tools of writing than through comic books! In this unit, each student will develop a superhero with a backstory, a super villain complete with backstory of how they got so evil, as well as a setting development for the superhero and supervillain to fight. We will not be creating the actual comic book but just components of it.
Today we delved into the world of these characters by reading our new comic books and we will continue the discussion the next couple of weeks. This project should wrap up just in time for spring break.


Click on play button to listen high quality(320 Kbps) mp3 of "Extra Musica - Losambo". This audio song duration is 8:18 minutes. This song is sing by Extra Musica. You can download Extra Musica - Losambo high quality audio by clicking on "Download Mp3" button.


text:
Custom House, Charleston, S.C. "America's Most Historic City"
Close Viewer
Creator (Corporate):
Charleston News Company
Postcard of the Custom House in Charleston. Back of postcard reads: "Built in 1850. Building is of White Marble of the Roman-Corinthian style of architecture. It houses a number of Government Bureaus. Located on the Cooper River."
Leah Greenberg Postcard Collection
College of Charleston Libraries
Charleston Public Buildings
Customhouses, Public buildings, and Government buildings
Charleston (S.C.)--Buildings, structures, etc.--Pictorial works
S.C. County:
Charleston County (S.C.)
Date Digital:
Digitization Specifications:
600 dpi, 24-bit depth, color, Epson Expression 10000XL, Archival masters are tiffs.
Internet Media Type:
Copyright Status Statement:
Digital image copyright 2013, The College of Charleston Libraries. All rights reserved. For more information contact Special Collections at Addlestone Library, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, 29424.
Admin ID:
https://lcdl.library.cofc.edu/lcdl/catalog/lcdl:86090
Explore (Beta)
View Collection Homepage
U.S. Custom House, Charleston, S.C.
The Custom House, Charleston, S.C.
Custom House, Charleston, S.C.
Charleston, S.C. U.S. Custom House


This magnificent three stone ring features a central 0.71ct oval cut diamond mounted in a platinum claw setting with 2 pear cut diamonds set on the sides. The distinctive shape of the oval cut, a variation of an elongated brilliant cut, contrasted by the fire and sparkle 0.25ct of supporting side stones, combine to make an exquisite work of art.
Whilst less fiery, the long lines and dramatic flashes of light give the oval cut an elegant appeal that suits lovers of vintage design and sophisticated elegance.


text:
Chronic Interstitial Nephritis (CIN)
How to Cite This Chapter: To KCY, Czekalski S, Pawlaczyk K, Drabczyk R. Chronic Interstitial Nephritis. McMaster Textbook of Internal Medicine. Kraków: Medycyna Praktyczna. https://empendium.com/mcmtextbook/chapter/B31.II.14.4.2. Accessed January 16, 2022.
Section Editors: Christine M. Ribic, Karen C.Y. To
Authors: Karen C.Y. To
Section Editors: Franciszek Kokot, Robert Drabczyk
Authors: Stanisław Czekalski, Krzysztof Pawlaczyk, Robert Drabczyk
Praga M, Sevillano A, Aunon, Pilar, Gonzalez E. Changes in the aetiology, clinical presentation and management of acute interstitial nephritis, an increasingly common cause of acute kidney injury. NDT 2014 Oct 16 [Epub ahead of print]. PubMed PMID: 25324356
Jelakovic B, Nikolic J, Radovanovic Z, et al. Consensus statement on screening, diagnosis, classification and treatment of endemic (Balkan) nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2013 Oct 28. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 24166461.
Braden GL, O'Shea MH, Mulhern JG. Tubulointerstitial diseases. Am J Kidney Dis 2005. Sep;46(3):560-72. Review. PubMed PMID: 16129220.
Definition, Etiology, Pathogenesis Top
Chronic interstitial nephritis (CIN) is a common description referring to a number of various nephropathies characterized by chronic inflammation that originates in the renal interstitium. It is associated with a progressive loss of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) over time and commonly also with tubular dysfunction.
Classification of CIN based on etiology:
1) Drug-induced: Analgesics (phenacetin and acetaminophen [INN paracetamol], either alone or in combination with acetylsalicylic acid [ASA] and caffeine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]), lithium, calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine [INN ciclosporin], tacrolimus), 5-aminosalicylic acid.
2) Toxic: Lead, cadmium, mercury.
3) Chronic pyelonephritis.
4) Renal tuberculosis.
5) Metabolic diseases: Gout, hypercalcemia, hypokalemia.
6) Immune-mediated: Sjögren syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, anti–glomerular basement membrane disease, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, chronic rejection of kidney transplant.
7) Hematologic/malignant: Sickle cell disease, light-chain diseases, lymphoproliferative disorders, multiple myeloma.
8) Vascular diseases: Ischemic nephropathy due to atherosclerosis of the renal arteries.
9) Structural abnormalities of the urinary tract: Obstructive nephropathy, reflux nephropathy.
10) Hereditary: Polycystic kidney disease, Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease, cystinosis, Dent disease, primary hyperoxaluria.
11) Other: Balkan endemic nephropathy, aristolochic acid nephropathy, radiation nephropathy.
Clinical Features and Natural History Top
CIN can remain asymptomatic for a long time, and the early clinical signs suggestive of kidney damage are often neglected by patients and physicians. Clinical features of chronic kidney disease develop gradually, along with a progressive impairment of GFR. A particular complication of some forms of CIN is papillary necrosis, which may be asymptomatic or manifest as renal colic. Common etiologies and features of CIN: Table 10.7-1.
Diagnosis Top
Diagnosis is usually established on the basis of clinical manifestations and noninvasive diagnostic tests.
1. Urinalysis: Specific gravity <1.02 (frequently close to 1.01), proteinuria (<1-2 g/d), leukocyturia of varying severity, sometimes white blood cell casts, less commonly microscopic hematuria.
2. Blood tests: Normocytic anemia, often disproportionately severe for the actual degree of GFR reduction; increased serum creatinine levels and other abnormalities typical for patients with a low GFR; various electrolyte disturbances (hypokalemia or hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia) and a non–anion gap metabolic acidosis due to renal tubular acidosis, which results from renal tubular dysfunction.
3. Imaging studies: Ultrasonography typically reveals a decreased kidney size and increased echogenicity, sometimes with irregular outlines and scarring.
4. Kidney biopsy is not performed routinely and is reserved for cases of diagnostic uncertainty.
Treatment Top
1. Elimination of the cause: In early disease this may lead to a significant improvement or even to normalization of renal function (in patients with no interstitial fibrosis and glomerular atrophy).
2. Treatment of CKD: see Chronic Kidney Disease.
Prognosis Top
Prognosis depends on the degree of renal dysfunction (GFR reduction) at the time of diagnosis as well as on treatment options for the underlying condition.
TablesTop
Table 10.7-1. Etiology/types and features of chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis
Type or etiology
Causes/risk factors
Excessive analgesic use >3 years in various combinations, including NSAIDs; more frequent in women
Hypertension, nocturia, sterile leukocyturia, hemolytic anemia; characteristic papillary calcifications on CT; small kidneys with irregular outlines, features of papillary necrosis; increased incidence of urinary system cancers
Lithium-associated nephropathy
Treatment with lithium for ~15 years
Proteinuria >1 g/d, hypertension, possibly NDI
Lead nephropathy
Long-term exposure to lead (lead smelters, paint or battery manufacturing/recycling plants, oil refineries)
Serum lead may not be elevated but urinary lead excretion (>0.6 mg/d after IV infusion of sodium versenate) is evidence of increased lead burden; high serum uric acid, gout (~50%)
Uric acid (gouty) nephropathy
Long-standing inconsistently treated hyperuricemia
Hypertension, proteinuria <1 g/d, decreased urinary concentrating ability, frequently uric acid nephrolithiasis
Hypercalcemic nephropathy
Chronic hypercalcemia
NDI (~20%), renal sodium loss, distal RTA; possible nephrocalcinosis and urolithiasis; acute hypercalcemia may be cause of AKI
Hypokalemic nephropathy
Chronic hypokalemia
Extrarenal symptoms of hypokalemia; NDI, renal cysts
Hyperoxaluric nephropathy
Congenital metabolic defect (primary hyperoxaluria); complication of extensive small bowel resection or gastric/bariatric bypass surgery or in patients with IBD
Nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis
Sjögren syndrome
Symptoms of underlying condition (CIN develops within 2-4 y of disease onset); NDI (~10%), distal RTA (~5%), renal potassium loss
Radiation nephritis
Several years after exposure to cumulative radiation dose >23 Gy (2300 rad)
Hypertension, proteinuria, slow reduction in GFR
Aristolochic acid nephropathy (Chinese herbal nephropathy)
Chinese herbal preparations (made of Aristolochia plant, traditional Chinese names: Mu Tong, Fang Ji) that contain aristolochic acid (nephrotoxic alkaloid; used for weight loss or skin diseases)
Moderate proteinuria, glucosuria, no abnormalities of urinary sediment; severe anemia; diagnosis confirmed by detection of metabolites of aristolochic acid in DNA of renal cells; rapid GFR impairment, which may be partially inhibited by glucocorticoids; RRT necessary in >80% of patients within 2 years; urinary system cancers develop in 40%-50%
Balkan endemic nephropathy
Endemic along tributaries of the Danube River (Bulgaria, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia); long-term exposure to aristolochic acid contained in cereal products plus genetic predisposition
Progressive anemia and GFR reduction, rarely hypertension; ESRD develops within 15-20 years; ~100-fold increase in incidence of urinary system cancers
Hereditary interstitial kidney diseases
Include autosomal recessive disorders (nephronophthisis) diagnosed in children and autosomal dominant disorders (ADTKD) typically diagnosed in adulthood
– Nephronophthisis (form of ciliopathy); ESRD in teenagers to patients in their 20s, salt wasting, urinary concentrating defect, occasional medullary cysts on US, extrarenal involvement (CNS, liver)
– ADTKD: Slowly progressive kidney failure, bland urinalysis, unremarkable renal US; strong family history of ESRD in patients in their 30s-60s. More common mutations include UMOD gene encoding uromodulin (may present with history of gout), MUC1 gene encoding mucin 1, and REN gene encoding renin (may present with mild hypotension and hyperkalemia)
Papillary necrosis
Ischemic or toxic kidney damage (analgesics, NSAIDs); risk factors: diabetes, urinary obstruction, UTI, analgesics, NSAIDs
Polyuria, nocturia, renal colic; urinalysis: proteinuria, leukocyturia, microscopic hematuria; diagnosis: urography, antegrade pyelography
ADTKD, autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease; AKI, acute kidney injury; CIN, chronic interstitial nephritis; CNS, central nervous system; CT, computed tomography; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; NDI, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; RRT, renal replacement therapy; RTA, renal tubular acidosis; US, ultrasonography; UTI, urinary tract infection.


text:
Throwback Thursday: Blacklisted in Moscow
EDITOR'S NOTE: This post is long, but with "Russia" in the news a lot lately, we thought you'd find it interesting. It begins with a Letter to the Editor in our May 1965 issue. It's followed by Editor Raymond Carlson's response.
Enclosed you will find a copy of an "Einziehungsprotokoll Nr. 219158" of the East German postal authorities. In plain English this means that they confiscated twelve magazines and some additional travel folders I mailed to my father-in-law, who lives in Dresden. One of these magazines was published by you (Grand Canyon edition of ARIZONA HIGHWAYS). As you know, the magazine is without politics, therefore the confiscation was outrageous and unreasonable. As publishers of the magazine, I believe that you must be interested in unrestricted circulation with the postal systems, so please let's do something about this! A letter of protest by you to the Russian Embassy and the U.S. and East German postal authorities might help. If no success, a request for retaliatory action by the U.S. Post Office against East German magazines to this country might be the answer.
Walter Schroeder, Rosamond, California
THE RESPONSE
It is difficult for us to read the minds of those behind the iron curtain. Shortly after we received this letter from Mr. Schroeder, we were startled to read in our morning newspaper in a New York Times News Service dispatch from Moscow that we were blacklisted in Russia for the heinous crime of being "subversive" and for "propagandizing" and "glamourizing" the American way of life. Tsk! Tsk! Ivan! Things have changed since Ol' Joe Stalin sat in the driver's seat in the Kremlin. Ol' Joe was on our mailing list (courtesy one of our American readers) for years (and with no repercussions) and his daughter was a self-paid subscriber. The dispatch was printed in many newspapers throughout the country and drew some unusual responses. The Tucson Chamber of Commerce wired an invitation to the Russian Embassy in Washington, D.C., inviting (via courtesy T.W.A.) three top Russian travel writers to visit Arizona and see for themselves whether we are subversive to anyone in telling the colorful story of Arizona.
Senator Paul Fannin arose to our defense in the U.S. Senate saying, in part: "Mr. President, in the 'New York Times' of Sunday, February 7, datelined Moscow, there appeared an article written by Theodore Shabad which disclosed that Soviet authorities have blacklisted ARIZONA HIGHWAYS magazine on grounds that it constitutes subversive propaganda. Among other things, the Soviet trade union newspaper, 'Trud,' called ARIZONA HIGHWAYS provocative literature clearly intended to conduct hostile propaganda among the Soviet people.
"Many Senators, I am sure, are familiar with ARIZONA HIGHWAYS, which is published monthly by the Arizona State Highway Department to portray the many colorful and unique beauties of the Grand Canyon state. The magazine over the years has won a well-deserved reputation for the consistently high quality of its photography and design. I feel certain that those who do know ARIZONA HIGHWAYS will be as surprised as I am to learn that it could be considered subversive or provocative in any respect, even by Soviet standards. The judgment of subversive literature, like beauty, apparently lies in the eye of the viewer ...
"… It is impossible to fake the kind of photography that appears in ARIZONA HIGHWAYS, and I hope that a qualified delegation of Soviet writers will be fortunate enough to discover this for themselves. If they should be subverted during their tour, it would be only by the compelling attraction of such nonpolitical sights as the Grand Canyon, cactus in bloom, and the vivid colors of an Arizona sunset."
But, perhaps nationally syndicated columnist Inez Robb had the last word to say when she wrote in her column:
"Let's not be beastly to the Russians in the matter of ARIZONA HIGHWAYS, that ravishing magazine just blacklisted by Soviet authorities and denounced as subversive literature propagandizing the American way of life.
"Let's face the fact that to the uninitiated this monthly publication of the Arizona Highway Department exudes a faint tincture of snake oil. I have seen Ivy League types east of the Hudson examine the contents of ARIZONA HIGHWAYS with curled and skeptic lip.
"If all Americans unfamiliar with the great Southwest find it difficult to credit the publication's magnificent color reproductions of photographs of Arizona's glorious deserts, the grandeur of her many mountain ranges, the majesty of the Grand Canyon, the pyrotechnics of her sunsets, the extent of her open-pit copper mines, the variety and beauty of her desert flora, the impact of the Petrified Forest and the Painted Desert, the grace of her mountain meadows and scenic glory of such highways as the Coronado Trail — well, if such Americans find ARIZONA HIGHWAYS hard to credit, how can we expect the comrades and the commissars to be of firmer faith ?...
"ARIZONA HIGHWAYS, one of the handsomest magazines published, only mirrors the beauty of the state and of the Southwest. And, in truth, it is subversive. Once you are hooked on ARIZONA HIGHWAYS it is habit forming — you begin to believe and then you want to go, go, go ... Yes, the Russians would do well to keep it out of their country …"


A number of studies have tried to find a definitive link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and early childhood vaccination, and each has failed. The old conspiracy theory has been properly debunked time and time again, but it seems that skeptics just won't let it die. Of course, part of the problem are the unanswered questions that must then continue to be asked. If vaccination has nothing to do with rising ASD rates, then what gives?
Part of the reason lies in the way we collect and categorize information. The definition of ASD has changed a great deal over the last few decades, and the ability to diagnose the disorder has increased in proportion to the new information. One of the biggest reasons that people believe that cases of autism are on the rise is their confusion between actual cases and diagnosed cases.
Whereas autism is nothing new, the ability of medical professionals to better diagnose the disorder leads to "new" cases. The children had autism before; it's just that now we know they do.
Certain demographics and populations of patients are often underrepresented because they lack proper healthcare resources. As the access these communities might enjoy starts to grow, so too do the statistics for the disorders and diseases that might affect them. A decade ago, white children were far more likely to be diagnosed by ASD than other less-represented ethnicities. The numbers have been playing catch-up for a long time, but we're finally getting there.
Another part of the puzzle is proximity to the diagnostic centers. There aren't enough of them in more rural areas where people are less likely to travel far distances for medical care, so one region's diagnosed individuals can differ greatly from another's. For example, there are more reported cases of ASD in New Jersey than Arkansas, simply because New Jersey residents are closer to help.
Beyond that, medical professionals are placed under a great deal of pressure to diagnose children with potential behavioral or developmental disorders as early as possible in order to avoid less desirable outcomes. Most children aren't diagnosed until between age four and five, which is a "late" diagnosis of a disorder for which the signs are readily noticeable by the age of two.
The conclusion that should be drawn by the laymen? There is no real reason to worry about "increasing" rates of ASD diagnosis.


text:
TENTANG FBS UKSW
STAF DAN PIMPINAN
STAF PROGRAM MAGISTER
STAF MAGISTER PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
STAF PROGRAM SARJANA
STAF PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
STAF SASTRA INGGRIS
STAF SENI MUSIK
MAGISTER PENDIDIKA BAHASA INGGRIS
SENI MUSIK
MAJALAH ACCESS
KEGIATAN AKADEMIK MAHASISWA
SIASAT
ADMISI
© 2023 UKSW. All rights reserved
Magister Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris
Magister Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris
Our graduate program of English language education offers three specializations: language teacher professional development, digital technology, and English for specific purposes. We prepare our graduates to be a competent educator who is able to critically and creatively develop all aspects of learning using up-to-date theories and practices, able to conduct research based on sound critical scientific inquiries, and possess intercultural knowledge and skills to create an inclusive and tolerant educational atmosphere.
To be an adaptive, innovative, and holistic graduate program in English language education in ASEAN by the year of 2027 in the fields of digital technology for language learning, teacher professional development, and English for specific purposes.
Delivering an innovative, adaptive, and holistic English teaching and learning process based on logical, critical, scientific, and creative thinking.
Preparing graduates to be able to develop and upgrade English language learning curricula, designs, methods, strategies and assessment through critical scientific inquiries informed by cross-cultural awareness.
Preparing graduates to be able to develop and upgrade English language learning programs utilizing digital technology through critical scientific inquiries informed by cross-cultural awareness.
Preparing graduates to be able to develop their own and their colleagues' professionalism in the field of English language education through a thorough problem analysis, comprehensive review, and integrated problem solving informed by cross-cultural awareness.
Preparing graduates to be able to develop, upgrade, and deliver English language learning programs for various specific purposes (ESP) through critical scientific inquiries informed by cross-cultural awareness.
Providing high quality human resources to produce graduates who possess logical, critical, scientific, and creative thinking and leadership skills.
Improving the quality of community service which effectively serves community's needs in English language education.
Establishing and cooperation with local and foreign institutions in enhancing implementing the Three Pillars of Higher Education in the field of English language education.
A teacher educator who is
competent in designing English learning materials, and language assessment based on current theories and practices of English Language teaching.
competent in teacher professional development.
competent in designing an English learning program with the use of digital technology.
competent in designing an English learning program for specific purposes.
competent in conducting research on English language education.
Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL)
Intercultural Practices in TEFL
Applied Linguistics for TEFL
Critical Perspectives of TEFL
Introduction to Digital Technology
Introduction to Language Teacher Professional Development
Introduction to English for Specific Purposes
1. Language Teacher Professional Development
Current Issues in Language Teacher Professional Development
Practices in Language Teacher Professional Development
2. Digital Technology
Current Issues in Digital Technology
Practices in Digital Technology
3. English for Specific Purposes
Current Issues in English for Specific Purposes
Practices in English for Specific Purposes
A bachelor's degree in English Language Education or other relevant programs (Applied Linguistics, Literature, Education, Communication).
A minimum GPA of 2.75.
A minimum ITP TOEFL score of 500 (or IBT TOEFL of 61, IELTS of 6, Duolingo English Test of 85; with a valid certificate issued by official testing institutions such as ETS, IIEF, Duolingo, or LTC UKSW).
Two recommendation letters (from one's former thesis supervisor, academic adviser, or employers).
An initial thesis proposal.
A one-page (minimum of 500 words) personal statement in English, answering the question "Why Do I Need a Master's Degree in English Language Education?".
Information on Tuition Fees for Academic Year 2022-2023
1 SPECIALIZATION
2 SPECIALIZATIONS
Pre-sessional Courses*
(and extra semesters)
TOTAL**
** Pre-sessional courses not inclusive
English Language Education Study Program
Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana
Jln. Kartini 15-17
Salatiga 50711, Indonesia
Email: mpbi@uksw.edu
http://www.uksw.edu/pages/informasi-admisi
Kampus II UKSW, Jl. Kartini No. 15 - 17 Salatiga Jawa Tengah - Indonesia 50711
fbs@uksw.edu


My kids wanted to take the pretzel crayons again for their back to school treat. I have been wanting to make the pencils so we made these for the teachers.
Here's the tutorial on how to make these.
We made these for some of Wyatt's preschool buddies that weren't in his class.


Chinese telecommunications company ZTE reported full-year operating revenue of 108.8 billion yuan (17.2 billion U.S. dollars) last year, according to the company's annual report released Thursday.
It marked a yearly increase of 7.5 percent, the report said.
The company reported around 13 billion yuan of investment in research and development (R&D), accounting for about 12 percent of total operating revenue.
By the end of last year, ZTE had about 29,000 research staff, almost 40 percent of the total.
The company operates 20 R&D centers in China, the United States and Sweden, among others, as well as more than 10 joint innovation centers with global operators.
ZTE attributed the rising revenue to reasons such as continuous investment in telecommunications networks by global operators and the growing overseas mobile phone market.
The company said that it would focus on self-dependent innovation of core technologies and continue to increase spending on R&D of core products such as 5G in the future.
ZTE is a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment, networking solutions and one of the world's fastest growing smartphone manufacturers. It unveiled the world's first smartphone with 5G technology in Barcelona last year.