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Patrick Carroll | Helstonia – The Bell Inn, Meneage Street
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in Local History
Helstonia – The Bell Inn, Meneage Street
Paul Corballis in his book Pub Signs (Lennard Publishing 1988) writes "…if you see a pub with this sign look around for a church. This ancient sign originated with pubs attached to or near early churches." It is possible that there was in pre-Reformation times an ecclesiastical establishment of some kind on or adjacent to the present Meneage Street site of the Bell Inn. One theory is that the Chapel of St. Mary Magdalene – the exact location of which has never been conclusively established – may have been the one referred to. The chapel/hospital cared for lepers – the name of nearby Clodgey Lane having the same connection. It is also said that lepers were made to wear a bell to warn of their approach. This, of course, is pure conjecture.
The Bell, together with the Angel Hotel and Red Lion Inn, are the oldest continuously documented inns in the town. The Blue Anchor building at least is older but there are gaps in its documented history as a public house. The earliest document appertaining to the Bell Inn that I have seen is held by the Cornwall Record Office; it is a "Release in Fee of a Moiety in the Bell Inn", dated 25th December 1713. Parties to the Conveyance were:"From James and Ann Edwards to William Treven." The holder of the second Moiety in the inn appears to have been Richard Harry, and the total value of the property is given as "Four and Forty Pounds". Another short document dated the previous day gives Mr. Treven a lease for a year apparently at a rent of five shillings. In the early (no later than 1732) 18th century document "An Account of the Taverns, Brandy Shoppes and Alehouses in this borough" the sign of the Bell is listed with Mrs. Stephens named as landlady. The Helston Borough Licensing Recognizances for 1782 list John Rowe as landlord of the Bell(s). In 1783 the landlord is named as William Bastian Rowe. By 1784 William Masters had begun his long tenure as landlord. The same Recognizances for 1775, '76 and '77 name Mrs. Catherine Stephens, widow, as holding a license with an address in Lady (later Coinagehall) Street. No name is given for her establishment.
In the light of the possible church or hospital connections, it is probable that the inn is considerably older than its first documented appearance. In pre-Reformation times the inn would most probably have been housed in an earlier building. The present Bell Inn is, like many old inns, something of an architectural nonesuch. Parts of the interior and rear ranges are quite old – 18th and possibly 17th century. Other portions are newer and the Meneage Street frontage no older than early mid-19th century.
A death notice in the Royal Cornwall Gazette of 16th November 1811 records: "At Helston on Sunday, Mr. William Masters, many years keeper of the Bell."
Pigot's Directory of 1823 lists Joseph James as landlord. The 1830 edition names Ambrose Wearne as landlord.
The West Briton of 29th September 1832 contained the following notice:
DESIRABLE OPPORTUNITY OF ENTERING
INTO PUBLIC BUSINESS
To be disposed of immediately or at Christmas next, the trade and
business of, and the present occupier's
interest in all that old established and well-accustomed Inn or Public House
In the borough of Helston.
Rent and terms moderate.
For particulars apply (if letter, free of postage)
to Mr. T.H. Edwards
Sept. 27 1832.
Whoever had taken the inn following the 1832 advertisement in February 1838 the West Briton announced the birth of a daughter to Mrs. Tyacke of the Bell.
The Census of 1841 lists Thomas Eva, age 40, as an Innkeeper of Meneage Street, living with his wife, Alice, also age 40, and their daughter Alice, age 13. The Royal Cornwall Gazette of 30th December 1842 carried the following:
T. EVA
(late of the Bell Inn, Helston)
Begs to inform the Public generally that he has taken the Queen's Head Inn, Truro,
where he hopes by strict attention to business to merit a share of public support.
Well-aired beds and good stabling.
An Ordinary on Wednesdays and Saturdays at One o'Clock precisely.
By 1844 the landlord of the Bell was Jacob Lory, the West Briton of 10th May announcing the birth of a daughter to Mrs. Lory. In the light of the following notice in the West Briton of 12th December 1845 it is assumed that Mr. Lory was Thomas Eva's tenant or sub-tenant.
All that old-established and well-accustomed Inn
or Public House known by the sign of the
BELL situate in Meneage-street, Helston.
For particulars apply to Jacob Lory on the premises; or to Mr. Eva, Ferris Town, Truro.
Dated Dec. 11 1845.
The situation at the Bell seems to have been unchanged when the following notice appeared in the West Briton of 26th April 1847:
Public House To Let
To be Let and entered on immediately or at
Christmas next all that well-established public
house known by the sign of the
BELL INN
situate in Meneage-street in the borough of Helston
now in the occupation of Mr. Thomas Eva who is
about to leave the neighbourhood.
The incoming tenant to take the fixtures and Brewery
Utensils, and, if desired, may be accommodated with
the whole or any part of the furniture at a valuation.
For further particulars apply either to the said Mr.
Eva or to Messrs Kerby & Son, Auctioneers
and General Agents, Helston.
Dated Nov. 25 1847.
The West Briton of 18th February 1848 recorded: "Deaths – At Plymouth on Sunday last Mr. Thomas Eva late of the Bell Inn, Helston. Aged 52 years."
By 1852 the landlord of the Bell was John Homer Prisk. The Census of 1851 lists him as Innkeeper, age 41, resident with his wife, Ann B. Prisk, age 39, and Harriet Goldsworthy, 19, Servant. Mr. Prisk, born at Newport, in earlier life had been a cordwainer but in the 1830s he came into a bequest of some £2,000 and entered the licensed trade, in which he would be prominent in the town for over forty years. In addition to the Bell he was at various times landlord of the Horse & Jockey, Prince's Arms and finally the Seven Stars. His tenure at the latter house lasted only a few months as he died suddenly, aged 78, while on a day's outing to Helford. The first of his press appearances in relation to the Bell came in the following notice in the West Briton of 21st April 1854:
Borough of Helston
To be sold by auction by Mr. Edwards on
Wednesday 3rd May at 3:00 o'clock in the
afternoon at the Duke's Head Inn.
Lot 4. All that the reversion in fee expectant on
the demise of one life aged 86 years of an undivided
moiety of and in all that well-accustomed public
house called the Bell Inn, situate in Meneage-street
in the said borough, now in the occupation of Mr. Prisk.
N.B. The other moiety of this lot may also be purchased.
Mr. Prisk appears again at the Bell in the Census of 1861 as head of a household consisting of his wife, Ann; their son, also John Homer Prisk, age 9; John Williams, 40, Visitor; and Mary Ann Curnow, 21, House Servant. The 1871 Census records, as well as Mr. Prisk and his wife; Elizabeth Prisk 91, Grandmother; Jane Williams, 51, Step-sister & Barmaid; Elizabeth Richards, 19, General Servant; and Thomas Mitchell, 64, Boarder & Commercial Traveller. A flavour of the house under his management may be gleaned from the following report appearing in the West Briton of 30th December 1869:
"Agricultural Dinner At Helston – On Thursday Mr. J.H. Prisk of the Bell Inn entertained at an excellent supper a large party of his friends for the purpose of presenting a silver cup of the value of £5.5s and a purse of £2.2s. The first prize was to be awarded to the person who this year had produced the best crop of three acres of swede turnips and the second prize admitted competitors of one acre. The crops must have been produced by the manures of Messrs Burnard, Lack and Alger. The umpires selected to award the prizes were Messrs John Pascoe of Gramble, Wendron, and Mark Hendy of Helston. The first prize was awarded to Mr. Thos. Pryor of Craskin, Wendron, whose crop was exceedingly fine, estimated at about 38 tons to the acre, and a large quantity of the turnips weighed without root or branch from ten to twelve pounds each. The second prize was awarded to Messrs R. and T. Russel, of Sithney, whose crop was also very fine and exceedingly regular. The chairman, in presenting the second prize, intimated that Mr. Prisk would (if Messrs Russel preferred) give a silver tea pot instead of the purse. This Messrs Russel stated they preferred, and appreciated the exchange. Several practical speeches were delivered and the excellence of Messrs Burnard, Lack and Alger's manure was highly spoken of. The proceedings of the evening were entirely satisfactory.
The West Briton of 3rd April 1873 announced: The public house licenses were transferred, that of John Homer Prisk from the Bell to the Horse & Jockey, and that of the John Hitchens from the Wheal Inn, Cury to the Bell Inn, Helston.
In December of the same year the inn was again advertised in the same newspaper:
The Bell Inn, at Helston, To Let
To Be Let, all that convenient and roomy
Premises known as
In Meneage-street, in the borough of Helston.
Yearly Rent £18.
For conditions regarding taking the same apply to W.H. Sleeman, Helston.
In the Royal Cornwall Gazette of 14th March 1874 it was reported that: "The Amicable Society, a sick club established in 1832 was finally dissolved at a meeting held on Monday. The members assembled at the Bell Inn and dined together on the dissolution of the society after the transaction of business. There was sum of £721 for division, and an arrangement was made for members who have been in receipt of sick pay – one received £55 and the other £80. The remaining members, twenty-seven in number, divided the balance according to seniority of membership, the amounts varying from £20 to £26.15s." William Penaluna, a printer and stationer prominent in Helston through much of the 19th century, in his will of 1861 left, "…to my said Wife the Legacy or sum of Twenty Pounds and all monies which by reason of my death shall be due and payable from the Club or Friendly Society established at the Bell Inn in Helston aforesaid of which I am a Member." A portrait of Mr. Penaluna is displayed in Helston Museum. He died in 1864, aged 84.
In sharp contrast to the congenial occasion featuring the manure factors Burnard, Lack & Alger and the amicable proceedings of the Amicable Society, were the events at the Bell reported in the West Briton of 13th January 1876. Appearing before Capt. Daniell (chairman and deputy mayor) and Messrs Edwards and Penberthy, Helston Borough Magistrates was "Joseph Mitchell, farmer of Mawgan, summoned by John Retallick, pig dealer of Helston, for assault. Complainant said – On Saturday evening I was at the Bell Inn, Helston, transacting business, when Mitchell entered the room. After Mr. Guest, the landlord, asked him to settle for some drink, he came and sat by my side. His manner was rough, and I moved away, as he had previously threatened me. He called me 'a counterfeit' and 'an outsider', and on my replying that I did not want anything to say to him, he laid violent hands on me, knocked me to the ground and beat me there. I heard a voice say 'You'll kill the poor man' and then he kicked me in the face. My head was fractured and I am blind in one eye. This is the first time in my pilgrimage I've been before a Bench. In reply to Mr. Kerby, who appeared for Mitchell, complainant said it was no fight on his part. Dr. Bullimore described the contusions and other injuries. Mr. Guest, landlord, said defendant was not in liquor, but had drunk a little, and always paid his score. Several other witnesses were called and proved the assault. Mr. Kerby, who appeared for the defendant, admitted that there had been an assault, but asserted that it was a public house brawl, fracas and free fight and appealed to the Bench accordingly. The Chairman said a brutal assault had been proved, in which Retallick might have been killed. The Magistrates had determined to stop all public house brawls and Mitchell, who ought to feel shame for his conduct, must pay a fine of £2.10s with costs of a like amount, or be imprisoned for six weeks. The money was paid."
At the same Sessions a George Laity, described as "elderly", was charged with being drunk and disorderly by the redoubtable borough constable, P.C. John Wedlock.
In February of the next year the Royal Cornwall Gazette ran this announcement:
FREEHOLD PROPERTIES IN HELSTON
To Be Sold pursuant to an order of the High Court of Chancery
in the case of Johns vs. Browne
Lot 1. An undivided moiety of and in all that messuage called the "BELL INN" situate in Meneage-street, in Helston aforesaid, together with the stables and piggeries and the yard behind same, now in the occupation of Mr. Henry Guest.
Also of and in the Brewery and stables situate in the yard aforesaid, now in the occupation of Mr. William Sleeman.
And also of and in all that COTTAGE adjoining the "BELL INN", now in the occupation of Ann Roskilly.
The said several occupiers are yearly tenants of the respective tenements at the aggregate annual rent of
£16 10s for the said moiety."
I have as yet been unable to ascertain the details of the Johns vs. Browne Chancery suit. However, the Cornwall Record Offices holds (in an as-yet-uncataloged file appertaining to the Redruth Brewery) a conveyance of the inn, dated 1877, from a Richard Sandys, acting as trustee and administrator of the estate of Tremenheere Johns, deceased, to William Sleeman, brewer of Helston. Nor have I yet established if the James and Ann Edwards named in the 1713 Conveyance were connected with the later members of the Edwards family prominent in Helston, particularly – and suggestively – T.H. Edwards, several times Mayor of the borough during the mid-19th century, and to whom parties interested in taking the lease of the inn are referred in newspaper advertisements. In any case, the tenures of John Hitchens and Henry Guest were comparatively brief. By 1881 the landlord of the Bell was James Harris. The 1881 Census indicates that Mr. Harris kept a very full house. He is named as Head, age 50; along with his wife, Sophia, 53; Sophia, 15, Daughter & Victualler's Assistant; Charlotte Bishop, 37, Sister-in law; Richard Henry Oliver, 64, Boarder & Retired Grocer; Samuel William Jewell, 31, Boarder & Auctioneer; Elizabeth Ann Jewell, 29, wife of above; Walter James Chapman, 27, Boarder & Auctioneer's Clerk; John Thomas Haltam, 21, Boarder & General Salesman; Thomas Eva McNair, 22, Boarder & Watchmaker; William John Harris, 19, Boarder & Grocer's Assistant; Frederick Charles Haltam, 15, Boarder & General Salesman; and Charles Edward Chapman, 22, Visitor & Solicitor's General Clerk.
Mr. Harris is named as landlord in the Kelly's Directories of 1883 and 1889. In June of that year the West Briton announced: "DEATHS –At the Bell Inn, Meneage-street, Helston, Whit Sunday, Sophia Ann, wife of Mr. James Harris (formerly of Truro), aged 62.
The 1891 Census records both a thinning out of the Bell's occupants and a change in management. James Harris is still listed as Head, age 60, but now described as Widower & Cab Proprietor. His Son-in-law, William Carne, aged 28, and married to Mr. Harris's daughter Sophie, 25, is described as Publican. Charlotte Bishop is still resident, along with General Servant (Domestic), Sarah Edwards, 27; and John Stevens, 17, Stable Boy (Domestic). Kelly's Directory of 1893 names William Carne as landlord of the Bell. In June of that year the West Briton announced that Mr. Carne's wife had given birth to a son, an identical event being reported in the same newspaper of 23rd April 1898.
By the 1901 Census the house had rather filled up again. James Harris, 70, is back to being a Licensed Victualler. William Carne is in charge of Posting as Stable Master. His wife, Sophia and the Sister-in-law Miss Bishop (now Elizabeth rather than Charlotte) are still resident, along with Emily Johns, 23 and Mabel Reed, 15, both General Servants (Domestic). No age is given for Cecil John Carne, Grandson, but he is presumably one of the sons born in either 1893 or 1898, and a brother to Mary Carne, age 1, Granddaughter.
In April 1905 James Harris died at the Bell. In the same year the license was temporarily transferred to William Carne. It is not clear at this point whether William Carne was connected with the Falmouth brewers and general traders W. & E.C. Carne, at that time owners of the Beehive spirit vault in Coinagehall Street.
In 1906 the Bell Inn license was transferred to Walter John Wilkens who remained until at least 1919. The Royal Cornwall Gazette of 19th February 1912 reported: "Walter John Wilkens of the Bell Inn, was fined 5s and 10s costs for selling drink to an intoxicated man. – The Bench intimated that the penalty was small because they did not think defendant would supply an intoxicated person if he knew it".
By 1923 the licensee was Thomas W. Menhennet who remained until at least 1930. Other landlords named in Kelly's Directory were F. French (1935) and J.H Mitchenson (1939). Subsequent post-War licensees have included Sidney Amos Alcock; Janet Alcock; Alice Jameson; Richard John Harris; John Nesbit; Neal Hicks; David Dean; and present landlord, John Waddoups. The freehold of the inn appears to have passed from the Sleeman Brewery to the Redruth Brewery and held until its closure in the 1990s. The freehold is now held by Punch Taverns. After a period of closure for4 some months following the Waddoups tenancy the house reopened in the summer of 2017 with Simon and Lisa Pressland as licensees.
Note: This historical sketch has been prepared in part utilizing material found not only in the Cornwall Record Office and the Cornish Studies Library but also in the index of Cornish public houses compiled by the late H.L. Douch, author of the book Old Cornish Inns, and kept in the Courtney Library at the Royal Cornwall Museum.
Bell Inn Helston


text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}

Electromagnetic radiation is conventionally identified and studied by looking at the Poynting vector~\cite{Poynting} at large distances from the source. This perspective towards radiation is supported by the use of the Sommerfeld radiation condition~\cite{Sommerfeld,Schot} which is applied at those distances. As a consequence, one can say that the total energy per unit time radiated from a dipole moment can be obtained by using the following expression~\cite{Griffiths}:
\begin{equation}
P=\oint_S\Big[\mathbf{E}\times\mathbf{H}\Big]\cdot d\mathbf{S},
\end{equation}
in which $\mathbf{E}$ and $\mathbf{H}$ represent the ``far-field" components of the time-varying electric and magnetic fields, respectively, generated by the dipole moment. As is known, these ``far-field" components attenuate as $1/r$ in which $r$ is the distance from the origin where the dipole is located. In the literature, the electric current density inducing the dipole moment is usually assumed to be a time-harmonic function. Therefore, applying the method of phasors, the above equation is simplified and people are used to write the averaged energy per unit time over one cycle. We have
\begin{equation}
P_{\rm{av}}=\oint_S{1\over2}{\rm{Re}}\Big[\overline{\mathbf{E}}\times\overline{\mathbf{H}}^\ast\Big]\cdot d\mathbf{S},
\label{eq:2}
\end{equation}
in which $^\ast$ denotes the complex conjugate and ${\rm{Re[\, ]}}$ gives the real part. Here, $\overline{\mathbf{E}}$ and $\overline{\mathbf{H}}$ are the ``far-field" components of the complex phasors of the electric and magnetic fields in the frequency domain.

In this paper we introduce an alternative approach to study radiation from dipoles, that uses the fields at the vicinity of the dipole (notice that the near-field components of the fields have a singularity at $r=0$). This point of view, which we develop not only in frequency domain, but also directly in time domain, has not been explicitly explored in the literature, and leads to interesting new results and insights. Counter-intuitively, we demonstrate that the non-singular component for the fields at the location of the dipole determines not only the time-averaged power given by \eqref{eq:2}, but also additional instantaneous exchange of power between the dipole and the fields. This non-singular component is proportional to the second and the third derivatives of the electric current regarding electric and magnetic dipole moments, respectively. Interestingly, this non-singular component is contributing to the induced electromotive force which results in radiation. We compare the time-varying induced electromotive force with the Lorentz-friction force exerted on one single accelerated electron and explicitly show the fundamental resemblance between these two classical concepts. In the end, we show some simulated results confirming our theoretical expectations about the instantaneous radiation. This work may have impact on the study of transient description of antennas~\cite{Papas,Miller,Maloney,Smith,Smith_teaching,Smith_Hertel}, transient description of the reactive power around the dipole~\cite{Schantz1,Kaiser,Valagiannopoulos_Alu,Vandenbosch1,Vandenbosch2}, time-modulated scatterers~\cite{ptitcyn}, and also time-modulated metamaterials (see e.g.~\cite{Caloz1111,Caloz2222,Fleurypra}).

The paper is organized as follows: In Sections~\ref{sec:mag} and \ref{sec:elec}, we show the corresponding analytical derivations regarding magnetic and electric dipole moments, respectively. In Section~\ref{sec:numerical}, we demonstrate the full-wave simulation results confirming the analytical results achieved in the previous Sections. In Section~\ref{sec:nstdim}, we repeat our derivations assuming that the electric and magnetic dipole moments have arbitrary temporal variation (not only time harmonic), and finally in Section~\ref{sec:conclusion}, we conclude the paper.

\section{Magnetic dipole}
\label{sec:mag}
Let us consider a radiating loop that has a small radius compared to the wavelength. The loop is centred at the origin on the $xy$-plane. In the frequency domain, the theta component of the generated complex magnetic field is given by~\cite{Balanis}
\begin{equation}
\overline{H}_\theta=-{(ka)^2I_0\over4r}\Big[1+{1\over jkr}-{1\over(kr)^2}\Big]\sin\theta\exp[-jkr],
\label{eq:expexpmag}
\end{equation}
in which $k$ is the free-space wave number, $a$ is the loop radius, and $I_0$ represents the electric current carried by the loop. We are interested in contemplating the magnetic field extremely close to the loop in order to find electromotive force induced by the fields into the antenna. For this, we employ the Taylor series for the exponential function:
\begin{equation}
\exp[-jkr]=1-jkr-{k^2r^2\over2}+j{k^3r^3\over6}+\dots
\label{eq:expansion}
\end{equation}
Later we will see that for our purpose it is enough to keep the first four members of the series. We substitute the above expression into  Eq.~\eqref{eq:expexpmag} and rewrite the magnetic field. Multiplying by the free-space permeability, the magnetic flux density reduces to
\begin{equation}
\overline{B}_\theta=jk^3{\mu_0a^2I_0\over6}\Big[1+j{3\over4kr}-j{3\over2(kr)^3}\Big]\sin\theta.
\label{eqbafexp}
\end{equation}
We must consider the flux density normal to the $xy$-plane (where the loop is located), meaning that the elevation angle $\theta$ is equal to $\pi/2$. Subsequently, the total flux is readily found by multiplication of the flux density by the surface of the loop. Therefore, we have
\begin{equation}
\overline{\phi}=\overline{\mathbf{B}}\vert_{\theta={\pi\over2}}\cdot S\mathbf{a}_z=jk^3{\mu_0(\pi a^2)^2I_0\over6\pi}\Big[1+j{3\over4kr}-j{3\over2(kr)^3}\Big].
\end{equation}
Here, $\mathbf{a}_z$ is the unit vector normal to the loop plane and $S$ is the loop area.
The real part of this complex amplitude is associated with the reactive power which describes the stored energy near the radiator, and it decreases as the distance grows. In contrast, the imaginary part corresponds to the active power radiated into space, and it is not inversely proportional to the distance. Consequently, we focus the attention on the imaginary part:
\begin{equation}
\overline{\phi}_{\rm{imag}}=jk^3{\mu_0(\pi a^2)^2I_0\over6\pi}.
\end{equation}
We assume that $I_0$ is a real value. Intriguingly, there is no singularity for this component of the flux, while the other component (the real part) is singular. This indicates that the radiated power is finite at any moment of time although the source can have an arbitrarily small size and the fields are singular. After finding the non-singular component, we do not continue with the frequency analysis, and we move to the time domain. Pondering about the above equation, we discern that the flux is associated with the third derivative of the electric current. Why? Because we have the wave number in power three. Remind that for an arbitrary function $f(t)$ having the Fourier transform $F(\omega)$, we have
\begin{equation}
{d^3f(t)\over dt^3}\longrightarrow -j\omega^3F(\omega),
\end{equation}
in which $\omega=kc$ ($c$ is the speed of light) is the angular frequency. Here, the arrow means the Fourier transform. Thus, according to this explanation, the instantaneous flux associated with the radiated power is given by
\begin{equation}
\phi_{\rm{imag}}(t)=-{\mu_0(\pi a^2)^2\over6\pi c^3}{d^3i(t)\over dt^3}.
\end{equation}
Faraday's law will help us to derive the electromotive force induced due to the temporal variation of the flux. Keeping this in mind, finally the instantaneous radiated power can be obtained through
\begin{equation}
P_{\rm{m}}(t)=v(t)\cdot i(t)=-{d\phi_{\rm{imag}}(t)\over dt}\cdot i(t).
\end{equation}
Since the radiated power is proportional to the first derivative of the flux, the radiated power is consequently proportional to the fourth derivative of the electric current and also to the electric current itself. In terms of the magnetic moment, the same conclusion is true since the magnetic moment is related to the electric current as $m(t)=(\pi a^2)i(t)$. After doing some algebraic manipulations, we can write
\begin{equation}
P_{\rm{m}}(t)={\mu_0\over6\pi c^3}m(t)\cdot{d^4m(t)\over dt^4}.
\label{eq:pomdm}
\end{equation}

This is a key result, and we now discuss it. In the context of time-harmonic fields, if the magnetic moment is described by $m(t)=m_0\cos(\omega t)$, the radiated power is found as $P_{\rm{m}}(t)=(\mu_0/6\pi c^3)\omega^4m_0^2\cos^2\omega t$. If we write the instantaneous power in terms of the electric current and calculate the time-averaged radiated power (over one cycle), we see that
\begin{equation}
P^{\rm{av}}_{\rm{m}}={\mu_0\over12\pi c^3}\omega^4(\pi a^2)I_0^2.
\end{equation}
Based on the terminology of antenna engineering, the averaged radiated power is expressed through the concept of the radiation resistance. Reminding that $\mu_0c=120\pi$, this resistance is found as
\begin{equation}
R_{\rm{m}}={2P^{\rm{av}}_{\rm{m}}\over I_0^2}=20\pi^2\Big({C\over\lambda}\Big)^4,
\end{equation}
in which $C=2\pi a$ is the circumference of the loop. This expression is very well known for antenna engineers (see e.g.~Ref.~\cite{Balanis}).

Equation~\eqref{eq:pomdm} is more complex. We know that
\begin{equation}
m\cdot{d^4m\over dt^4}={d\over dt}\Big[m\cdot{d^3m\over dt^3}\Big]-{dm\over dt}\cdot{d^3m\over dt^3},
\label{eq:4der}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
{dm\over dt}\cdot{d^3m\over dt^3}={d\over dt}\Big[{dm\over dt}\cdot{d^2m\over dt^2}\Big]-\left({d^2m\over dt^2}\right)^2.
\end{equation}
As a consequence, Eq.~\eqref{eq:4der} reduces to
\begin{equation}
m\cdot{d^4m\over dt^4}=\left({d^2m\over dt^2}\right)^2+{d\over dt}\Big[m\cdot{d^3m\over dt^3}-{dm\over dt}\cdot{d^2m\over dt^2}\Big].
\end{equation}
As far as we know, the last term (in the square brackets), is absent in all textbooks. However, only in the context of time-harmonic fields it averages to zero. In the time domain, this term is actually crucial for correct satisfaction of the instantaneous power balance, as we demonstrate in Section~IV. This critical point is even more important for the electric dipole, for which neglecting the second term gives dramatically different and wrong results.

Let us go deeper and investigate the magnetic-dipole radiation from one single electron rotating with acceleration. Naoki Itoh, in Ref.~\cite{Itoh}, wrote the corresponding electric field generated by such electron (via the expansion method, the fourth-order term) as
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{E}={\mu_0\over12\pi c^3}\mathbf{R}\times{d^4\mathbf{m}\over dt^4},
\end{equation}
where $\mathbf{R}$ is the position vector of the observation point. The magnetic moment is expressed in terms of the velocity as
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{m}={e\over2}\mathbf{R}\times\mathbf{v}.
\end{equation}
The force due to the electric field acting on the electron is $\mathbf{F}=e\mathbf{E}$. Therefore, the force finally reduces to \begin{equation}
\mathbf{F}=-e\Bigg[{\mu_0\over6\pi c^3}\left({R\over2}\right)^2{d^4e\mathbf{v}\over dt^4}\Bigg].
\end{equation}
This expression is indeed quite similar to the electromotive force that was found for the magnetic dipole:
\begin{equation}
v(t)=-{d\phi_{\rm{imag}}(t)\over dt}={\mu_0\over6\pi c^3}(\pi a^2)^2{d^4i(t)\over dt^4}.
\label{eq:emfmd}
\end{equation}

\section{Electric dipole}
\label{sec:elec}
Let us consider a radiating Hertzian dipole which has a dipole moment (in the frequency domain) along the $z$ axis: $\overline{\mathbf{p}}=(I_0l/j\omega)\mathbf{a}_z$ in which $l$ is the length of the dipole. The electric field corresponding to the elevation angle equal to $\pi/2$ is also parallel to the $z$ axis and can be expressed as~(e.g., \cite{Balanis})
\begin{equation}
\overline{\mathbf{E}}=-j\eta{kI_0l\over4\pi r}\Big[1+{1\over jkr}-{1\over(kr)^2}\Big]\exp(-jkr)\mathbf{a}_z,
\end{equation}
where $\eta$ is the free-space intrinsic impedance. Similar to what we did for the magnetic dipole, we look at the field at the vicinity of the Hertzian dipole and expand the exponential function up to the 4th term, see Eq.~\eqref{eq:expansion}. The electric field is simplified and the nonsingular component of the field emerges (${\mathbf{E}}_{\rm{ns}}$). This component is given by
\begin{equation}
\overline{\mathbf{E}}_{\rm{ns}}=(jk)^2{\eta I_0l\over6\pi}\mathbf{a}_z.
\end{equation}
What does the second power of the wave number mean? It shows that the electric field is proportional to the second derivative of the electric current in time. Note that the wave number is the angular frequency divided by the speed of light. Ergo, the inverse Fourier transform gives
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{E}_{\rm{ns}}(t)={\mu_0\over6\pi c}l{d^2i(t)\over dt^2}\mathbf{a}_z.
\label{eq:nselhar}
\end{equation}
Here, we have used the equality $\eta=\mu_0c$. Now, since we have found the electric field, we can readily derive the induced electromotive force through
\begin{equation}
v_{\rm{ED}}(t)=-\int\mathbf{E}\cdot d\mathbf{l}=-{\mu_0\over6\pi c}l^2{d^2i(t)\over dt^2}.
\label{eq:emfed}
\end{equation}
There are two explicit differences between the electromotive force for the electric dipole and for the magnetic dipole. Firstly, $v(t)$ was inversely proportional to the third power of the speed of light while $v_{\rm{ED}}(t)$ is inversely proportional to the first power of $c$. Furthermore, $v(t)$ is related to the fourth derivative of the electric current but $v_{\rm{ED}}(t)$ is related to the second derivative of the current. Comparing Eqs.~\eqref{eq:emfmd} and \eqref{eq:emfed} is intriguing and informative. Area is substituted by length, $1/c^3$ by $1/c$, and the 4th derivative by the 2nd derivative. Knowing the electromotive force, we  readily derive the instantaneous radiated power using
\begin{equation}
P_{\rm{e}}(t)=v_{\rm{ED}}(t)\cdot i(t).
\label{eq:vipower}
\end{equation}

Our purpose is to write the radiated power based on the electric dipole moment. We use the fact that the electric current multiplied by the length of the dipole is the time derivative of the electric dipole moment: $i(t)l=dp(t)/dt$. Accordingly, we eventually express the radiated power as
\begin{equation}
P_{\rm{e}}(t)=-{\mu_0\over6\pi c}{dp(t)\over dt}\cdot{d^3p(t)\over dt^3}.
\label{eq:ededed}
\end{equation}
For a time-harmonic moment, $p(t)=p_0\cos(\omega t)$, the radiated power is identical with $P_{\rm{e}}(t)=[{\mu_0/6\pi c}]p_0^2\omega^4\sin^2\omega t$. Consequently, the averaged radiated power is half of the amplitude, and we can write the radiation resistance of the radiator (in the frequency domain) as \begin{equation}
R_{\rm{e}}={2P^{\rm{av}}_{\rm{e}}\over\vert I_0\vert^2}={\mu_0\over6\pi c}(\omega l)^2=80\pi^2\left({l\over\lambda}\right)^2,
\end{equation}
which is the known expression in all antenna books, e.g.~Ref.~\cite{Balanis} (reminding that $\eta=120\pi$).

The radiation reaction force acting on the accelerated electron which has a velocity $\mathbf{v}$ is~\cite{Landau}
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{F}_{\rm{e}}=-e\left(-{\mu_0\over6\pi c}{d^2e\mathbf{v}\over dt^2}\right).
\end{equation}
Again, similarly to the radiating magnetic moment, the electromotive force found above shows a strong link to the force exerted on one electron. The radiated power from an accelerated electron is given by $P_{\rm{electron}}=-\mathbf{F}_{\rm{e}}\cdot\mathbf{v}$, which is similar to  Eq.~\eqref{eq:vipower} used for the Hertzian dipole. The total power radiated by the dipole is the product of the electromotive force and the electric current (that is related to the charge velocity).

\begin{figure*}[!t]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=15cm]{Figure1.pdf}}
\caption{(a)--(c) The instantaneous powers for the radiating magnetic dipole. (d)--(f) The  instantaneous powers for the radiating electric dipole. The orange solid curve and the green dotted curve represent the electric and magnetic energy per unit time, respectively. Also, the purple dashed curve indicates the supplied energy per unit time. Finally, the red solid curve corresponds to the instantaneous radiated power and the blue dot-dashed curve determines the sum of the electric, magnetic, and supplied energy per unit time. The radius of the loop is 3 mm and the length of the cylindrical wire is 15 mm. Both the loop and the wire are made of perfect conductor, and are much smaller than the operating wavelength that is 200 mm. The wire is fed in the center and the loop is fed by two differential sources such that the electric dipole mode vanishes. The sources are determined by the red arrows.}
\label{figureone}
\end{figure*}

\section{Numerical results}
\label{sec:numerical}
To validate the theoretical results, we did full-wave simulations employing COMSOL Multiphysics software. As shown in Fig.~\ref{figureone}(a), we excite an electrically small loop, made of perfect conductor, with two simultaneous sources clockwise. The reason for that is to cancel the extra higher modes mainly including the electric dipole moment. Therefore, the magnetic dipole moment is only excited. We employ the instantaneous power balance:
\begin{equation}
\Sigma P(t)=0,
\label{eq:pbins}
\end{equation}
in which $\Sigma P(t)$ includes the supplied power, the reactive power (the electric and magnetic energy per unit time), and the radiated power. Figure~\ref{figureone}(b) shows the reactive and supplied power. Based on the above equation, we must have
\begin{equation}
P_{\rm{supplied}}(t)+P_{\rm{reactive}}(t)=-P_{\rm{radiative}}(t).
\end{equation}
The left side is extracted from the simulator and compared with the right side calculated theoretically according to the Eq.~\eqref{eq:pomdm}. Figure~\ref{figureone}(c) demonstrates that the simulated and theoretical results are in agreement. We have also simulated different loops with different radii. Until the radius is electrically small enough, we have found that the error between simulations and theory is negligible. However, increasing the radius causes that higher-order modes become significant and they must be taken into account in the power balance, which is not straightforward.

For the electric dipole moment, we have simulated an electrically small wire, shown in Fig.~\ref{figureone}(d), that is excited by one source located at the center. The supplied and the reactive powers are shown in Fig.~\ref{figureone}(e), and the comparison between the summation of those powers with the radiated power is indicated by Fig.~\ref{figureone}(f). As it is seen, if we use the theoretical expression given by Eq.~\eqref{eq:ededed}, the theory and the simulated results are in agreement. However, similar to the magnetic moment, one can say that Eq.~\eqref{eq:ededed} can be modified based on the following consideration:
\begin{equation}
{dp\over dt}\cdot{d^3p\over dt^3}={d\over dt}\Big[{dp\over dt}\cdot{d^2p\over dt^2}\Big]-\left({d^2p\over dt^2}\right)^2,
\end{equation}
interpreting that the first term in the right-hand side is not relevant to the radiated power because it is related to the stored electromagnetic energy. In other words, one can say that the correct form of Eq.~\eqref{eq:ededed} is $P_{\rm{e}}(t)=(\mu_0/6\pi c) (d^2p/dt^2)^2$. This conceptual issue is, indeed, challenging. But regardless of the conundrum that we consider the additional term in the radiated or reactive power, the fact is that we cannot certainly neglect the additional term $d/dt[({dp/dt})\cdot({d^2p/dt^2})]$ calculating the  instantaneous power balance. The simulated results completely confirm that neglecting this term causes violation of Eq.~\eqref{eq:pbins}. Put another way, $\Sigma P(t)$ is only zero if we take into account the additional term. It does not matter which interpretation we choose, this term is definitely there in the power balance.

\section{Time-varying electric and magnetic dipoles}
\label{sec:nstdim}

Although the derivations in previous sections are valid for instantaneous radiation, we basically focused on the fields which resulted from time-harmonic oscillations. However, we can arrive to general conclusions by carefully looking at the general expressions given for the time-varying electric and magnetic fields of arbitrary nonstatic electric and magnetic dipoles. In Refs.~\cite{Griffiths,Schantz,Farina}, the time-varying electric field was derived and written for the electric dipole moment taking into account the retardation effect. According to those references, we have
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
\mathbf{E(r},t)=&-{\mu_0\over4\pi}\Bigg[{\ddot{\mathbf{p}}-\mathbf{a}_r(\mathbf{a}_r\cdot\ddot{\mathbf{p}})\over r}\cr
&+c^2{\Big[\mathbf{p}+(r/c)\dot{\mathbf{p}}\Big]-3\mathbf{a}_r\Big[\mathbf{a}_r\cdot[\mathbf{p}+(r/c)\dot{\mathbf{p}}]\Big]\over r^3}\Bigg]\cr
&-{1\over3\epsilon_0}\mathbf{p}\delta^3(\mathbf{r}),
\end{split}
\label{eq:elextv}
\end{equation}
where $\delta^3(\mathbf{r})$ denotes the three-dimensional Dirac delta function. In Eq.~\eqref{eq:elextv}, the electric field at time $t$ is due to the dipole moment at $t_{\rm{r}}=t-r/c$ (retardation effect). In other words,
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{p}(t_{\rm{r}})=\mathbf{p}(t-{r\over c}).
\end{equation}
Applying the expansion technique, the dipole moment in the above is readily simplified to
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{p}(t-{r\over c})=\mathbf{p}(t)-{r\over c}\dot{\mathbf{p}}(t)+{1\over2}({r\over c})^2\ddot{\mathbf{p}}(t)-{1\over6}({r\over c})^3\dddot{\mathbf{p}}(t)+...
\label{eq:expdip}
\end{equation}
Let us consider the limit as $r$ approaches zero ($r\rightarrow0$). Taking this limit in Eq.~\eqref{eq:elextv}, we can neglect the $\mathbf{a}_r$-component of the electric field and only consider the component which is parallel to the electric dipole moment:
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{E}_{\rm{p}}(\mathbf{r},t)=-{\mu_0\over4\pi}\Bigg[{\ddot{\mathbf{p}}\over r}+c^2{\Big[\mathbf{p}+(r/c)\dot{\mathbf{p}}\Big]\over r^3}\Bigg]-{1\over3\epsilon_0}\mathbf{p}\delta^3(\mathbf{r}),
\end{equation}
and if we replace Eq.~\eqref{eq:expdip}, after some algebraic manipulations we deduce the non-singular component of the electric field at the dipole location as:
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{E}_{\rm{ns}}(\mathbf{r},t)={\mu_0\over6\pi c}{d^3\mathbf{p}(t)\over dt^3}.
\end{equation}
This expression is exactly identical with the expression given by Eq.~\eqref{eq:nselhar} (reminding that the electric current multiplied by the electric dipole length is equal to the first time derivative of the electric dipole moment). Thus, the temporal electromotive force and the radiated power are subsequently the same as what we derived before.

Regarding magnetic dipole moments, the magnetic flux density is expressed as~\cite{Griffiths,Schantz,Farina}
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
\mathbf{B(r},t)=&-{\mu_0\over4\pi}\Bigg[{\ddot{\mathbf{m}}-\mathbf{a}_r(\mathbf{a}_r\cdot\ddot{\mathbf{m}})\over c^2r}\cr
&+{\Big[\mathbf{m}+(r/c)\dot{\mathbf{m}}\Big]-3\mathbf{a}_r\Big[\mathbf{a}_r\cdot[\mathbf{m}+(r/c)\dot{\mathbf{m}}]\Big]\over r^3}\Bigg]\cr
&+{2\mu_0\over3}\mathbf{m}\delta^3(\mathbf{r}),
\end{split}
\end{equation}
that is in duality with the electric dipole moment, as expected. Repeating the same procedure that we did for electric dipoles, we obtain the following non-singular component of the magnetic flux density that is parallel to the magnetic moment:
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{B}_{\rm{ns}}(\mathbf{r},t)={\mu_0\over6\pi c^3}{d^3\mathbf{m}(t)\over dt^3}.
\end{equation}
Comparing the above equation and Eq.~\eqref{eqbafexp}, we see that the corresponding non-singular components are quite similar (in Eq.~\eqref{eqbafexp}, we wrote the magnetic flux density based on the electric current and the expression is before the inverse Fourier transform).

Consequently, from the above two equations giving the non-singular components of the electric and magnetic fields corresponding to the electric and magnetic moments, respectively, we understand that they are proportional to the third derivative of the dipole moment. However, since for the magnetic dipole the electromotive force is associated with the time derivative of the magnetic flux, the radiated power is proportional to the fourth derivative of the dipole moment in contrary to the electric dipole whose radiated power is proportional to third time derivative of the dipole moment.

\section{Conclusions}
Using the concept of electromotive force and contemplating the electromagnetic fields at the vicinity of the dipole moments, we obtained the instantaneous radiated power. We observed that the power is proportional to the magnetic moment and its fourth time derivative. However, regarding electric moment, the power is proportional to the first and the third derivatives of the moment. These theoretical expressions were confirmed by several simulations of a loop and a cylindrical wire excited by time-harmonic sources. Also, we compared the electromotive force with the Lorentz-friction force and showed the similarity of these two concepts. Furthermore, based on the expansion technique, we analytically showed that our theoretical conclusions are not only valid for time-harmonic oscillation but they are also valid for any nonstatic moments having arbitrary temporal variation. This work may have strong potential to influence engineers interested in antenna engineering and scattering from subwavelength particles both in microwave and optical regimes. A possible future direction would be to consider an arbitrary volume current distribution and derive the instantaneous radiation including higher modes as well.
\label{sec:conclusion}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Home > Economics > Poland selects Boeing 737s for VIP transport
Poland selects Boeing 737s for VIP transport
Poland is to acquire three Boeing 737-800s for VIP transport missions – two new BBJ 2s and a secondhand airliner – in a deal with the airframer worth $523 million, Flight Global informs.
Warsaw's first aircraft from the order – the converted airliner – will delivered by 15 November 2017. This is mandated to be no more than five years old, and will be configured in a two-class layout, with a 12-seat business class cabin and 120 economy seats.
The pair of BBJ 2s will feature a four-person head-of-state compartment, as well as seating for two VIPs, 12 business-class passengers and 48 people in economy, the nation's defence ministry says.
Poland expects the aircraft to be delivered by 15 September and 15 November 2020.
The deal also includes two years of logistical support, as well as pilot training.
In November, 2016 Warsaw announced that it had ordered a pair of Gulfstream G550 business jets for VIP transport missions. Both aircraft are scheduled for delivery in August 2017.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Boss Timers
English Pусский Deutsch Portuguêse 中文
As the heat of summer is sweeping across the globe, we are here to provide you with a sea of new content to cool yourselves off with! In this article we will be going into the most notable features, fixes and improvements which will shortly arrive to Crimson Desert Online.
I spy with my little eye, a Shai?
Shai's excel at providing buffs in the battlefield. While they can fight off incoming threats with their giant boomerangs, this new class can also avoid dangerous situations through their swift movements. Their versatile kit allows them to both be a supportive presence on the battlefield while simultaneously dishing out damage to their opponents.
Additionally, Shai can create campfires with her alchemy. Shai is not a combat-oriented class. However she's been developed in a direction whereas she will be able to go toe-to-toe with other classes in regards to PVE grinding. Her awakening will also have little to no combat skills; but coming equipped with powerful support abilities, Shai will be able to play a unique, 'special' role in the battlefield.
Shai is currently only available in pre-awakened form.
Overhauled Network Engine
This major update also includes reworked network engine for Crimson Desert Online!
The new engine has been built over the last several months with utmost performance in mind, a fact which is clearly reflected when comparing the new and old engines side-by-side.
Previously, there was a noticeable delay between when you attacked a monster and when the monster in question would react to your attack, which also includes registering the actual hit. This will be an incredible leap forward in your quality of gameplay on CDO.
Comparison tests between the old and new engine have shown great decreases in latency, something which is noticeable at first glance, both when it comes to grinding, and also during World Bosses.
The benefits of the new network engine will be most noticeable for those already experiencing a ping below the 100 mark.
The latest client also introduces the inclusion of the reworked marketplace, the Central Market!
This marketplace works and looks much different from the old marketplace previously present on Crimson Desert Online, however after a couple minutes of familiarizing yourself with this new marketplace, we are sure that you will greatly enjoy the new system and the fixes it brings with it.
The long awaited feature of being able to transport your goods between warehouses has finally been implemented!
We have heard your requests and are happy not only to present a working transport system, but a working version of the latest iteration of the transport system currently available!
Reworked World
Over the past few weeks, we've been going through and renewing our world data, we scoured every nook and cranny of Black Desert in order to ensure the most accurate data possible.
This new dataset should solve several issues such as;
Missing Mobs & Packs
Missing / Incorrectly Placed Resources
Missing / Incorrect NPC Locations
Night Vendor
It is rumored that a mysterious vendor is now appearing in certain locations around Crimson Desert Online between 22:00 and 02:00.
I wonder which goods this vendor could have in stock?
If lady luck favors you, perhaps you might be able to get your hands on some exquisite loot otherwise only obtainable through World Bosses!
Devour System
We have heard your requests! The "Devour" system has now been implemented!
You can utilize the "Devour" system to convert enhanced weapon or defensive gear into Enhancement Chance, the only requirement being that weapons need to exceed an enhancement level of +8, and that defensive gear need to exceed +6.
You can access the "Devour" system through the Black Spirit's enhancement tab.
Class Fixes
This patch also addresses issues regarding projectile, summon and drag skills.
That means that the abilities listed below should now be much more functional in doing their intended effects.
"Drag" Skills
Sorceress's "Black Hole"
Class Summons
Striker Clones
Heilang
Archer Wolves
Projectile Skills
Musa's "Projection"
Sorceress's "Blade of Darkness"
And other similar skills which are not listed above.
All of this and more will be present on our PTR as of September 1st, 2019!
Once the PTR has gone live, we will with the help of you, our community, do intensive testing until September 14th, 2019 to squish any bugs which made it past internal QA testing as we prepare for the full live release which will occur on September 18th, 2019.
We are incredibly excited to reveal everything which we have been working on for the last couple of months.
As you can see, this is not just a client update, but rather the largest update in the history of the project up until this point!
It is strongly recommended to pre-download the latest client which will be used both for the PTR and the live servers here.
Stay tuned for further information which will be published leading up to both of our releases!


WILDLIFE workers rescued turtle eggs and captured a few oil-coated pelicans off Australia's east coast yesterday while state officials assessed the extent of an oil spill from a cargo ship that was damaged in stormy seas.
The Pacific Adventurer's fuel stores were punctured when 31 containers of ammonium nitrate fertilizer slipped off the ship early on Wednesday as the ship rocked in Australia's rough eastern waters, where a cyclone had stormed for the past week.
The spill of up to 30 metric tons of oil created a slick spanning 10 kilometers, and some of the oil had begun to wash up on beaches in Queensland state, leaving a black, sticky mess as the tide receded.
At Marcoola Beach, lifeguard official David McLean said oil globules stretched about 1 kilometer along the beach, which was closed due to the spill.
"As you walk along it sticks to the bottom of your shoe like glue," he said.
About 100 turtle eggs were collected from the beach by wildlife rescuers.
Five oil-coated pelicans flew in and joined a daily feeding session at Tangalooma Resort on Moreton Island.
Workers managed to catch three of them and the Environmental Protection Agency planned to evacuate the birds for chemical cleaning treatment, Trevor Hassard from the resort's Dolphin Education Centre told the Brisbane Times newspaper.
"It just makes you want to cry," Hassard was quoted as saying. "This stuff is so hard to remove. If an animal like a bird gets oil on it, it basically dies. There's nothing we can do."


Check out area livestock shows, conferences and workshops. Anywhere from horses only to all animal (beef, goat, sheep, swine) topics covered. Take the time to attend to increase your showmanship skills, knowledge, and time around animals.
Also remember Dubois County is hosting an open livestock show. Come on out!
Check out the flyers listed below for any and all shows. This page will be updated when activities are announced.


text:
Tink is een makkelijk te gebruiken front-end framework voor prototyping en development van responsive web apps.

Meteen van start

Tink, you say?

Weer een framework om te gebruiken? Waarom niet gewoon Bootstrap nemen als basis voor je project?

Lees de veelgestelde vragen

Feedback

Support nodig? Een feature request of bug report? Of gewoon zin om zelf een steentje bij te dragen?

Geef feedback

GitHub

Benieuwd hoe het allemaal in elkaar zit, maar geen zin om de documentatie te lezen?

Naar GitHub

Tink in een notendop

Eigen ontwikkeling

Tink is een antwoord op de nood van de Groep Stad Antwerpen aan een geïntegreerde front-end oplossing om haar in-house tools mee te bouwen.

Rijke data, complexe views

In tegenstelling tot andere frame-works heeft Tink een duidelijke focus: complexe en data-rijke applicaties en dashboards duidelijk en gebruiksvriendelijk vormgeven.

Modulaire componenten

Omdat geen enkele applicatie dezelfde is, werd Tink modulair opgebouwd. Enkel inladen wat nodig is dus en bovendien staat alles klaar om nieuwe technologieën te omarmen.

Industry standard

Om functionaliteit en toegankelijkheid te kunnen garanderen voor zoveel mogelijk gebruikers, devices en browsers werken we "mobile first" op basis van open standaarden.

Lees de documentatie

Een project van de Groep Stad Antwerpen en Digipolis

Veelgestelde vragen · Documentatie · Feedback · Code guidelines · GitHub

Code licensed under MIT, documentation under CC by 4.0

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Balance and Timing is Before Braille's fourth studio recording, released as a "Holiday EP" in 2004 by Sunset Alliance and Bad News Bears Records.

Reception

Critical reception
Stephen Carradini at independentclauses.com loved the record, exclaiming "I wish they would make more music like this, as it's simply stunning." Chelsea Ide at the Phoenix New Times observed that through the Balance and Timing EP, Before Braille's "honesty and musical versatility" was able to "elicit a range of different emotions."  Finally, the bloggers at Cougar Microbes called this release one of "a string of amazing releases" that "showcases frontman David Jensen's knack for a melody and sharp lyrical wit."

However, David Cobb at Splendidzine.com did not feel that the record met expectations. According to him, the "Balance and Timing EP is a reasonably good 'me too' to Jimmy Eat World's discography, but that's Before Braille's only substantial accomplishment so far."

Radio play and commercial success
Because of its "Christmas-themed" single, Merry Christmas, I'm Cheating, this little EP put Before Braille into the regular radio rotation in the Phoenix metro area during the holiday season.<ref>Ching, Albert. [http://blogs.ocweekly.com/heardmentality/2008/12/musical_advent_calendar_before.php Musical Advent Calendar: Before Braille, "Merry Christmas, I'm Cheating" OC Weekly, Dec. 9, 2008]  retrieved 02-06-12</ref>

In addition, some of the tracks included on this EP ultimately found themselves on Tired of Not Being Away From Here'', which made at least a 5-week run on the CMJ 200 charts, peaking at number 77.

Track listing

References

External links
 Before Braille
 Sunset Alliance Records

2004 EPs
Before Braille albums
Sunset Alliance Records albums

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Banpaku Kinen Koen Tower of light and the Redhorse Osaka wheel// I passed these every time I went into town, so they make me very nostalgic.
Glico Man// I also miss Dotombori's (in downtown Osaka) huge neon lights and signs everywhere, and massive fish, disembodied hands, moving crabs (!) everywhere.... I love it.
Kansai- ben// (Kansai accent) The Osaka accent is amazing. Just watch Lovely Complex (set in Osaka) There's also a stereotype in Japan that Osaka people are louder, funnier and flashier than other Japanese people. Of course that's not true for all Osaka people, I love seeing people being noisy and irritating downtown. Osaka people even line up on the 'wrong' side of the Escalator to the rest of Japan.
The Osaka monorail// it's expensive and ever so slightly naff, but OMG MONORAIL IT'S THE FUTURE. Japan has a tonne of architecture that has a sort of retro-futuristic vibe to it. And things like monorails and ferris wheels make me think of theme parks every time I go out, and raised roads are everywhere which is so cool.
Umeda Hep 5 ferris wheel, and the Osaka Skyline// there is a ferris wheel on the top of a shopping centre and it's just casually there. Osaka also has loads of skyscrapers- I love the city vibe.
The architecture// I love Japan's ugly 80s apartment blocks. It's so different from back home in the UK and so instantly recognisable. Give me a picture of a random side street in Japan and I'll be happy forever, basically. Also seeing "止まれ" written on the road.
Ok, that's enough gushing from me.... Have you guys been to Osaka or anywhere else in Japan?


Award-winning author Amelia Autin is an inveterate reader who can't bear to put a good book down…or part with it. Her bookshelves are crammed with books her husband periodically threatens to donate to a good cause, but he always relents…eventually.
Amelia currently resides with her Ph.D. engineer husband in quiet Vail, AZ, where they can see the stars at night and have a "million dollar view" of the Rincon Mountains from their back yard.


Description: G proteins, which are involved in receptor-mediated cell signaling, are heterotrimers of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. Alpha subunits confer receptor-dependent GTPase activity. The beta-gamma subcomplex is required for functional association of alpha subunits with receptors and exerts regulatory control over downstream effectors. Gamma subunits, such as GNG12, are thought to determine the functional specificity of the beta-gamma subcomplex (summary by Hurowitz et al., 2000).
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[PubMed ID: 12626323] ... Jiang G, Zhang BB, Glucagon and regulation of glucose metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Apr;284(4):E671-8.
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[PubMed ID: 10931946] ... Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL, Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8.
[PubMed ID: 10819326] ... Hurowitz EH, Melnyk JM, Chen YJ, Kouros-Mehr H, Simon MI, Shizuya H, Genomic characterization of the human heterotrimeric G protein alpha, beta, and gamma subunit genes. DNA Res. 2000 Apr 28;7(2):111-20.
[PubMed ID: 10409705] ... Asano T, Morishita R, Ueda H, Kato K, Selective association of G protein beta(4) with gamma(5) and gamma(12) subunits in bovine tissues. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 23;274(30):21425-9.
[PubMed ID: 9003074] ... Morishita R, Saga S, Kawamura N, Hashizume Y, Inagaki T, Kato K, Asano T, Differential localization of the gamma 3 and gamma 12 subunits of G proteins in the mammalian brain. J Neurochem. 1997 Feb;68(2):820-7.
[PubMed ID: 7493986] ... Morishita R, Nakayama H, Isobe T, Matsuda T, Hashimoto Y, Okano T, Fukada Y, Mizuno K, Ohno S, Kozawa O, et al., Primary structure of a gamma subunit of G protein, gamma 12, and its phosphorylation by protein kinase C. J Biol Chem. 1995 Dec 8;270(49):29469-75.


text:
Red Clover or Trifolium pratense
Trifolium pratense, the red clover,is a herbaceous species of flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae, native to Europe, Western Asia and northwest Africa, but planted and naturalised in many other regions.
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Trifolium
Species: T. pratense
Binomial name: Trifolium pratense
It is a herbaceous, short-lived perennial plant, variable in size, growing to 20–80 cm tall. The leaves are alternate, trifoliate (with three leaflets), each leaflet 15–30 mm long and 8–15 mm broad, green with a characteristic pale crescent in the outer half of the leaf; the petiole is 1–4 cm long, with two basal stipules that are abruptly narrowed to a bristle-like point. The flowers are dark pink with a paler base, 12–15 mm long, produced in a dense inflorescence, and are mostly visited by bumblebees.
The red clover is found natively in Europe, Western Asia, and northwest Africa, but it has been naturalized in other continents, like North and South America. Specifically, the red clover was brought to Argentina and Chile over 100 years ago, although it is not clear how exactly it was introduced. The red clover has become increasingly important as a source of economic stability in Chile, which has made the need for pollinators even more important. One important pollinator, which was also brought from Europe, is Bombus ruderatus, or the large garden bumblebee. This bumblebee has been one of the important pollinators of red clover in South America and other countries like New Zealand.
It is widely grown as a fodder crop, valued for its nitrogen fixation, which increases soil fertility. For these reasons, it is used as a green manure crop. Several cultivar groups have been selected for agricultural use, mostly derived from T. pratense var. sativum. It has become naturalised in many temperate areas, including the Americas and Australasia as an escape from cultivation.
Red clover is commonly used to make a sweet-tasting herbal tea. It is an ingredient in some recipes for essiac tea.
Medical uses of the plant:
Trifolium pratense is used in traditional medicine of India as deobstruent, antispasmodic, expectorant, sedative, anti-inflammatory and antidermatosis agent.
In alternative medicine, red clover is promoted as a treatment for a variety of human maladies, including symptoms of menopause, coughs, disorders of the lymphatic system and a variety of cancers. Several systemic reviews and meta-analyses concluded that red clover extract reduces the frequency of menopause hot flashes. Most added that further research needed to confirm the results. There is no evidence in the human trial literature that red clover has been tested for effects on cough, lymphatic system or cancer prevention/treatment. Dietary amounts of red clover are safe, but dietary supplement extracts may cause rash-like reactions, muscle ache, headache, nausea, vaginal bleeding in women, and slow blood clotting.
Red clover contains coumestrol, a phytoestrogen. Due to its activity on oestrogen receptors, red clover is contraindicated in people with a history of breast cancer, endometriosis, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, uterine fibroids or other oestrogen-sensitive conditions, although some authors have suggested the high isoflavone content counteracts this, and even provides benefits in these conditions.
Due to its coumarin derivatives, T. pratense should be used in caution in individuals with coagulation disorders or currently undergoing anticoagulation therapy.
It is metabolised by CYP3A4 and therefore caution should be used when taking it with other drugs using this metabolic pathway.
Bibliographic details for "Trifolium pratense"
Page name: Trifolium pratense
Date retrieved:29 September 2017 19:54 UTC
Permanent link: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trifolium_pratense&oldid=801024987


WHY DOES THE GYM NOT HAVE SHOWERING FACILITY?
As a result we recommend that after your workout you bring a change of clothing (another top or t-shirt), change, wear a jacket or coat on top (depending on the weather) and then go home and get a shower.
HOW DOES THE NO CONTRACT WORK?
You are not tied in any contract for a fixed period of time, to cancel your membership, simply cancel your standing order at the bank, let us know that you have done this and your membership will end on the last day of the month in which you cancel your standing order. You can also pay by cash or card.
IS THERE ANYONE AVAILABLE TO HELP AND ADVISE ME AT THE GYM?
Yes, whilst the gym is open there are members of the fitness team and personal trainers available who will be happy to help you.
We offer a free induction to all our joining members, it is optional and you do not have to opt for it if you do not want to. However if you want an induction and you have not had one then all you need to do is ask any member of staff to book you in.
HOW DO I GET MY MEMBERSHIP?
We will sign you up for our registration form. When you arrive at the gym (for fire health and safety needs) and makes you part of the club.
CAN I COMPETE IN BOXING COMPETITIONS?
Yes, once you have learnt the necessary training and passed your medical examination.
DO YOU PROVIDE ALL EQUIPMENT FOR BOXING INCLUDING GLOVES?
DO YOU DO OTHER CLASSES APART FROM BOXING?
Is One to One Boxing Training available?
One to One Boxing Training available on request.
WHAT PAYMENT METHODS CAN I USE AT THE GYM?
We accept all types' of payments including credit, debit and American Express card payments as well as cash.
In terms of the monthly membership fee, we recommend that you try and pay by card payment whenever possible for your own records and set up a monthly direct debit.
WHY SHOULD I CHOOSE LION STRENGTH & FITNESS GYM?
Unlike other gyms and businesses we are your local non-profit making organisation that is staffed mainly by volunteers. The subscription money and donations you provide to us are used to pay our on-going costs, re-invested back into the facilities we provide and helps in our Community work in the area (please see our charitable aim and objectives).
Our aim is to offer the best (following years of fitness research) and cheapest gym membership in West Yorkshire at just £10.00 a month. We are voluntarily staffed during the most convenient times, six days a week and offer complete freedom from unnecessary binding contracts.
We are aware that large fitness organisations take your money for their own profits and give very little in return.
We are located in Robin Mills, BD10 9TE that is in a prime position whether you are coming for a quick workout, after work or even on the weekend and whatever time you need us, we will try and be open.
We are even willing to re-negotiate our opening hours if needed.
As your non-profit organisation grows we are hoping to offer more fitness classes at a discounted rate. Our class timetable for each week are advertised on the website and are also posted on social media so it is easy to keep track of the classes we provide and the ones you want to attend when you are on the go. And with our free WI-FI Internet it's even easier to keep track of the classes that are available whenever you're working out.
Personal trainers and gym members are available during all hours at the gym and they can help you achieve your fitness goals faster with both workout and nutritional advice.
We have a specialised weights, cardio and boxing area for all gym members.
Parking at the Gym is completely free and available for over 1000 cars.
All the staffs are friendly and happy to help at all manned hours of the day. The facilities are also monitored closely by CCTV and there are staffs available if you have any concerns, plus we have at least one member of staff (volunteer) on duty to help you or call emergency services if necessary.
CAN I PAY UPFRONT FOR THE YEAR?
Yes, we have an annual option for £100.00, you can pay by cash or card and there is a small £5 admin fee.
DO YOU PROVIDE PAPER TOWELS TO WIPE DOWN EQUIPMENT AFTER USE?
No, we do not provide paper towels and request that all gym members bring their own gym towel and this is to keep membership costs at a minimum and avoid unnecessary waste, in line with our GREEN POLICY.
ARE WE REGISTERED BOXING CLUB?
Yes, we are part of England boxing and all coaches are registered and qualified.
CAN I DO BOXING TRAINING JUST FOR FITNESS?
yes, you can, without competing – boxing is one of the best forms of fitness exercise.
DO YOU HAVE A GYM FACILITY?
we have separate gym facility that is available from 8 am to 8 pm 7 days a week.
only use during supervised periods 3pm to 8pm and must contact gym to make arrangements.


text:
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Top 15 Restaurants That Are Sure To Take You By Surprise
Disha Ganguli
May it be a date, a candle night dinner, a birthday party or just a family gathering, restaurants happen to serve as the most delightful places marked by aristocracy. However, this delightful experience has become clichéd over a span of a good number of years, the reason behind this being that the structure of the restaurants, the ambience and the paradigm happen to be the same all over the world. May it be a five or seven star, people no more spring up to their feet no matter how nicely you describe a food hub.
Well, the modern era is all about breaking stereotypes, breaking all traditions. This tendency has its reflections in what can be termed as "restaurant culture". Below is a list of fifteen most bizarre restaurants which you would be thrilled to pay a visit to.
Table of Contents show
1 Ninja New York
2 Dining in the sky
3 Modern toilet
4 The Love Room
5 O. Noir
6 Ithaa Undersea Restaurant
7 Devil Prison
8 Vista Restaurant
9 Bird's Nest restaurant
10 Cannibalistic restaurant
11 Tombs Restaurant
12 Wizard of Opera
13 Cabbages and Condoms
14 Princess Heart
15 Grotta Palazzese, Italy
Ninja New York
Located in New York City, USA, this restaurant looks like a dreary labyrinth. Here the guests are received by doorkeepers dressed in black who bow and the waiters perform tricks while serving the dishes. The look of the restaurant is that of a Japanese village during the fifteenth century.
Dining in the sky
This restaurant situated in Montreal has gained immense popularity. The restaurant floats high up in the air, one hundred and sixty feet above the ground. The guests are brought up by a crane, seated in chairs. This restaurant serves all the binges people usually crave for.
Modern toilet
The person who had struck out such an idea of a restaurant has combined dining and bathroom etiquette. It is believed that the idea was conceived by the owner himself when he was in the toilet. The dinnerware is in shapes of soap cases, bathtubs and even pits, every accessory you expect in a bathroom. The place is located in Taipei City, Taiwan Province in China.
The Love Room
The love room is situated in the city of joy that is Kolkata, India. This is a restaurant where you will come across all the breeds of dogs and cats. The cats will always be on the tables to look after the guests. There is no reason to worry about the animals as they have been trained in such a way that they are absolutely human-friendly.
O. Noir
Situated in Toronto, Canada, the restaurant runs on a philosophy that a diner's experience is heightened when all the other senses except the one which looks for comfort while eating are shut out. This place has turned out to be ideal for the blind dates. Usage of any device which can generate illumination is prohibited.
Ithaa Undersea Restaurant
Ithaa, located in the Maldives, is a restaurant situated sixteen feet below the sea level. It has the capacity of holding fourteen people and all kinds of seafood as the menu. The restaurant has been encased in a transparent acrylic roof which gives the diners the best underwater experience making all the underwater sea animals visible.
Devil Prison
Image credit: Flights nation
Devil Island Prison is located in China and is based on the theme of criminalisation where they aim to make their guests realize that what a life it would be to spend in prison. They handcuff the guests before their entry. The waiters are all dressed in black wearing striped jumpsuits. The place has now become popular and has gained many more customers over the years.
Vista Restaurant
Image credit: PandoTrip.com
This particular restaurant is situated in Koh Rong Archipelago, Cambodia. Guests have to walk on a bridge arched over an ocean and reach the hotel. The chefs working here prepare fresh food with a combination of Western cuisine.
Bird's Nest restaurant
Situated in Thailand named Soneva Kiri Eco Resort. The uniqueness of its positioning takes the customers by surprise. The restaurant is in the shape of a bird's nest with a sheer touch of originality. It is covered with wild trees all around which give the diners a feel as if they are sitting in the middle of the woods.
Cannibalistic restaurant
Image credit: OrangeSmile.com
The name itself hints some kind of animalism or a kind of behavior the society will never accept. Well, someone has decided to make it a theme. The special dish of this restaurant is known as Nyotaimori which means "female body parts". They serve sushi and all kinds of Japanese food items inside a women's(a dummy) body. The dummy itself is made of food and is placed on a surgery table. The guests can have any part of the body and the most attractive part which might also make your stomach lurch is that when the body is cut the look is that of a human body is bleeding.
Tombs Restaurant
This restaurant is famous for what it serves that is milk tea, bread rolls. There are also tombs placed beside the tables. The owner says that he had built the restaurant forty years ago but he has no idea about the bodies inside the graves.
Wizard of Opera
Image credit: Inside Japan tours
The word "wizard" gives a Gothic sensation. Situated in Tokyo, this restaurant is also known as "gorgeous Gothic dining" the theme of which is based on a novel named "Phantom of the Opera". The dishes are smoked salmon in the shape of a rose and there will be the word "opera" written in chocolate on your plates.
Cabbages and Condoms
Image credit: Bangkok
This restaurant is located in Thailand. Various types of condoms are kept on display on the wall. After the payment of the bill, the customers will be provided with condoms by the cashier. Their motto is to make people aware of the control of the population.
Princess Heart
Image credit: Tableog.com
There are people, especially girls who simply refuse to come out from the hinterland of fairy tales. The theme of this restaurant is fairytopia and Barbie where the guests find all the Disney princesses. Customers are also taken to a long-length mirror where they ask "who is the fairest of all" which clearly resembles the scenes from Snow White whose stepmother used to do the same. Women can bring their significant others along with them but single men are not allowed.
Grotta Palazzese, Italy
Set in a cave, the ambience of the place is thrilling. The theme of the restaurant being romantic and intriguing, it gives you the best dining experience when you walk in with your beloved.
Grotta Palazzese
O.Noir
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text:
Q: Karate: Query Param values are getting encoded I am using karate 0.6.1 version and facing issue with get request with queryparam.
Scenario Outline: Verify the response Data with account details when there are filter values are provided with wildcard

 Given params { <paramName>: <paramValue> }
 When method get
 Then status 200
 Examples:
   | paramName | paramValue |
   | Name       |  'Volvo%' |
   | Name       |  'test data'|

in the request url with queryparam becomes like url?Name=Volvo%25
And url?Name=test+data
which is not correct, how should i resolve that.

A: It is actually not wrong,
Url encoding is required to differentiate between special characters in your data vs special characters that are reserved to construct the URL.
Reserved Characters URL Encoding:
:   Separate protocol (http) from address encoded as %3B
/   Separate domain and directories encoded as %2F
#   Separate anchors encoded as %23
?   Separate query string encoded as %3F
&   Separate query elements encoded as %24
@   Separate username and password from domain encoded as %40
%   Indicates an encoded character encoded as %25
+   Indicates a space encoded as %2B
<space> Not recommended in URLs encoded as %20 or +

so if you are going to pass any special characters as data via URL you need to % encode them to avoid conflicts.
In karate, if you want to avoid your URL getting encoded, don't construct your URL using path, params, param definitions.
Instead, build your entire URL as a string and pass it to url. like,
* url 'http://httpbin.org/get?Name=Stark'

You might get an exception if you are trying to pass any special
  characters in this.

so consider encoding the URL if you are going to pass any special characters.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Our Sports First Aid workshops have been developed by our Training Director, Richard Johnson, who has over 25 years of experience working in Sports First Aid. He has run teams of over 40 medics at some of Europe's largest sporting tournaments and has been teaching first aid for over 20 years. All our workshops have been developed in line with Resuscitation Council (UK) and European Resuscitation Council guidelines. We regularly run our courses at Colleges, Universities and Sports Clubs, please ask for more details if you would like us to run one for you.
For more details of our First Aid courses please click on the course title.
Dates 2017 - to book please click on the course code required.
This 2-day course is suitable for anyone working with high-impact sports or activities, such as in Rugby, Gymnastics, Equine or Martial Arts. It will give you the skills needed to manage a traumatic sports injury. reatment of head injuries, spinal injuries and include the roles and responsibilities working at a sporting event. We also include the use of AED defibrillators which are widely available at sporting clubs and events.
This course provides you with specific skills to managing sports trauma and builds on skills learned in the Sports First Aid course. You will learn vital assessment and treatment skills for the effective management of traumatic sports injuries. This course is very practical using hands-on teaching methods to make the course as enjoyable and as informative as possible.
The sports trauma course is specifically designed for people involved in sport, namely Sports Therapists, Sports Massage Therapists and Physiotherapists, and also students of these disciplines. It is recommended that you have a basic knowledge of First Aid prior to attendance on this course as it does assume basic knowledge.


"I think this is a very meaningful festival," said Stella Zhao, a graduate student from Beijing, China, who is studying mathematics at CU Denver.
Karthik, a graduate student who is earning her master's in informational systems, enjoyed attending the event for the second year in a row. Accompanying her were Monish, and friends Lakshmi Muddana, Kurthi Varsha-Kattiju, and Sravya Mandava, all from India. This was the first holiday lunch for the rest of the group, and they were all eager to learn more about the cultural background and meanings behind the traditions.
Students took turns "striking a pose" with props at the event's photo booth and creating cookie and icing "miniature turkeys". Laughter rang out during the guesses voiced during the Thanksgiving trivia game. A large Thanksgiving poster was available and many students posted paper leaves with their own messages about what they were thankful for this year.
Sai Latha Suresh a graduate student in computer science, noted that she was thankful for Colorado's "mesmerizing fall colors." She chose to enroll at CU Denver after hearing about the exciting programs offered by the university, and the city life of Denver, through a family friend who works as a professor.
John Sunnygard, Executive Director of the Office of International Affairs, and Michelle Larson-Krieg, Director of International Student and Scholar Services, presented commentaries about Thanksgiving's meaning for their own families. For John Sunnygard, Thanksgiving meant "coming together to share a culture over food" while also getting to know one another. Michelle Larson-Krieg spoke about her three most memorable Thanksgiving events: A ski trip where a steak dinner was served late because the chef had forgotten to turn on the grill, a duck as the main dish rather than the traditional turkey, and the first time she took on the challenge of hosting a large Thanksgiving dinner event at her home.


Located in a quiet street next to the Municipal House and the Powder Tower at the entrance to the Old Town.
The Salvator is conveniently located close to many of the historical places of interest. Wenceslas Square, the Old Town Square and famous astronomical clock are just a 5 minutes walk away. The Salvator offers 32 large spacious attractively decorated rooms all with very modern bathroom facilities. The stylish hotel restaurant La Boca has a cosy atmosphere with colourful wall murals and many other unusual interior design features. It received a good review in the Prague Post newspaper of Oct 2001- "inviting and candle-lit", "absolutely worth a second trip". In the beautifully vaulted cellars of the Salvator are the Sports Lounge and games room.Here guests can socialize, relax and enjoy sports and news coverage from around the world. In the games room are 3 pool tables and chess tables.


Good morning! Welcome to The Morning Shift, your roundup of the auto news you crave, all in one place every weekday morning. Here are the important stories you need to know so you can one-up the insufferable know-it-alls at dinner.
How's this for a catch-22? Automakers are including more complicated safety features such lane departure warning systems, automatic emergency braking and more airbags that are intended to keep you safe in the event of a crash, or in some cases, keep you from crashing entirely. But if you do crash, your car's probably going to get totaled a lot easier, as modern-day safety features are a lot more expensive.
In the past, if you had a front-end collision, you had damage to the engine or the front end. But now, with the number of airbags that can run from $1,000 up to $4,000 and all the sensors up front, you're seeing more totals.
The more expensive each component is to replace, the more the total for repairs nears the point at which an insurance company deems your car less expensive to junk than it is to repair.
The gigantic Takata airbag recall backlog has thrown another wrench in the system. Insurance companies are more prone to declare a vehicle with unreplaced Takata airbags a total loss in hopes of speeding up that recall process, reports Automotive News.
At least salvage auctions and junkyards are making bank on this problem. The amount of vehicles totaled by natural disasters has dropped over the past 10 years, but Americans driving more (with more expensive tech in new cars, no less) has more than made up for it.
While Uber is still fighting a lawsuit in the United States that alleges that they stole designs from Google's autonomous car project Waymo, a new Uber artificial intelligence team is setting up shop in Toronto as part of Uber's Advanced Technologies Group, reports Bloomberg.
Much of Uber's research will be in conjunction with the University of Toronto-affiliated non-profit Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, where Uber is investing $5 million towards researching how its autonomous cars can understand things like traffic cops and color better. One of the university's AI experts in the field of machine sight and learning, Raquel Urtasun, will lead the project.
But how far they'll be able to get may still depend on the judge presiding over the Waymo case. A preliminary injunction expected to come as soon as next week may halt development of Uber's self-driving car project, reports Bloomberg. However, it may be limited to the use of lidar hardware components related to the allegedly stolen tech, which would allow the software research in Toronto to go on as usual.
Tesla had to turn dozens of engineers away from the event, which was mistaken for an open recruiting even by some. They're probably looking in the right place, though. Mexico has a deep automotive engineering talent pool with 19 automotive plants at home.
This comes against a background of increasing U.S. government hostility towards Mexico and foreign workers, though. Trump wants to review immigration rules for high-skilled foreign workers as part of his push to put more Americans to work. That's a nice thought, but Tesla's issues filling these positions at home have demonstrated that nice thoughts aren't always based in reality.
Elon Musk—himself an immigrant from South Africa—sits on Trump's business advisory council, so maybe he can convince that swamp to let him hire whoever he needs regardless.
4th Gear: Who Wants A Cheap Diesel Volkswagen?
The company has 11,000 of those cars up for sale, but they're moving fast—3,100 of those were sold last month. That's still down from the 7,400 diesel cars Volkswagen sold in the last month before Dieselgate broke, though, which accounted for almost 23 percent of its sales in August 2015.
In a move to redefine itself as a supplier of future technologies, Delphi last week said it will spin off the powertrain operations that have been at the heart of its identity.
Instead, Delphi will shift its attention to such emerging fields as software, electronics, advanced safety and electrical architectures. Those are key pieces in the commercialization of autonomous driving and cloud-based infotainment and connected vehicles.
It's no small move, either, as Delphi's powertrain business accounted for a fourth of the company's $16.7 billion in revenues last year. But the bold move of splitting off and focusing on future-tech has been viewed as a good move by industry analysts, and Delphi shares rose following the announcement.
Neutral: Does expensive tech in cars ever scare you away?
I remember not wanting an infotainment screen in my car because I had to park outside a lot and I was worried about it getting stolen back in 2010. What about all of the new sensor-driven features that apparently cost a bundle? Are they worth the price (and the risk of your car getting totaled more easily if they're smashed), or do you stay away?


I am unable to post a full review as I have not finished reading the book.
I opened my eyes, the air in my bedchamber pulsing with the kind of silence that only comes in the wake of sound — a sound that never should have been there.
Other than keeping Uncle Tully hidden and a few other things, the only major plot is finding Lane.
Paris is the new setting. The new house is very interesting.
The writing is as splendid as the first book.
So far the originality is just fine.
We meet a few new characters due to the move to Paris. Since I'm only a little over half way done I don't feel comfortable giving my review of the new characters because there are a few questionable characters.
Don't get me started! Where is Lane!? Again, only half way into this and I miss him terribly.
I am not done yet so: no comment.
Hop on over or back to the other Blog Hoppers!
This review is a repost from the original review posted on August 27, 2012.


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For just £10.99, you can't exactly go wrong - it's like Primark pricing, yet I actually think its better quality. It's great for something just to throw on easily on a weekend with a pair of trainers and you're good to go.
I paired it with an old season Topshop top that I've had probably since I was about 17, still fits!
All in all, 10/10 for this pink midi skirt, is clinches me in without showing awkward bumps and lumps, or the classic knicker line at the back - amazing!
What do you think to this skirt?
Yes indeed! You look so pretty in that pink outfit.
I like your outfit. Simple but with style.
Simple but you look stunning!