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About Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSK)
What are Musculoskeletal Disorders?
Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain
Osteoporotic Fracture
Soft Tissue Rheumatism
Musculoskeletal Services Framework
'Musculoskeletal conditions' is a broad term, encompassing around 200 different conditions affecting the muscles, joints and skeleton. Around 10 million adults, and around 12,000 children, have a musculoskeletal condition in England today.
Musculoskeletal conditions are a major area of NHS expenditure, comprising a separate 'programme budget' which – in 2009-10 – consumed £4.76 billion (over £13 million a day). This represents a greater spend than on neurological conditions, diabetes, and infectious diseases, and is an equivalent level of expenditure to that on respiratory conditions. Expenditure on musculoskeletal conditions has risen rapidly in recent years and it is now the fourth highest area of NHS programme budget spend.
The management of musculoskeletal conditions cuts across public health, NHS and social care. Examples of conditions where this is clearly the case include back pain and rheumatoid arthritis.
We provide a number of helpful and informative resources on this site; a good place to start is the document provided by Arthritis Research UK called "Understanding Arthritis," which is a useful snapshot of the most widespread forms of MSDs.
Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is generally classed as a musculoskeletal pain condition that has no identifiable underlying, serious or specific disorder and has not resolved in less than 3 to 6 months.
Connective tissue diseases (CTD) are a group of conditions characterised by multi-organ inflammation and autoimmunity. They are generally considered to be uncommon, but are lifelong conditions with significant impact on a person's health and daily life.
When acutely active, Connective Tissue Diseases can be life threatening and may require immediate access to specialist services to prevent multi-system damage.
Symptoms vary depending on the disease, but many share the common symptoms of joint aches and pains, fatigue, muscle pain and weakness, rashes, skin changes and inflammatory changes in different organ systems. All of these conditions can affect children. The term does not encompass inherited conditions such as Marfan's disease or the Ehlers-Danlos group of inherited conditions of connective tissue.
About 12,000 children in the UK under the age of 16 have a form of arthritis. Most kinds of childhood arthritis come under the general heading of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). JIA involves inflammation, pain and swelling in one or more joints for at least six weeks. It is often referred to as juvenile arthritis. The causes are unknown. The outlook for most children with JIA is good. Although some children will develop joint damage, the majority get better and grow up to lead ordinary lives.
The most common forms of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis:
Oligoarticular JIA
Oligoarticular JIA is the most common kind of childhood arthritis and affects four or fewer joints in the body. Symptoms are swollen, painful joints, particularly the knees and/or ankles. Eye problems are quite common and specialist eye checks are needed.
Polyarticular JIA
Polyarticular JIA is another kind of juvenile arthritis, one that affects more than five joints. It usually starts before seven years of age, but can appear later in childhood. As well as pain and stiffness in joints other symptoms include tiredness and eye inflammation.
Systemic Onset JIA
Systemic onset JIA is a type of arthritis that begins with systemic symptoms such as fever, rashes, lethargy and enlarged glands. Early signs are often mistaken for an infection. Other symptoms include joint and muscle pain, skin rash and tiredness. The most common age for the condition to start is before five years.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and refers to a clinical syndrome of joint pain accompanied by varying degrees of functional limitation and reduced quality of life. Knee, hip and hands are the joints most frequently affected.
The causes of osteoarthritis are complex and include physical, environmental and genome factors. This interaction contributes to articular cartilage damage which impacts differently in various joints.
Osteoporosis is a condition characterised by reduced bone mass density and deterioration of bone tissue which results in increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. The strongest single risk factor for osteoporotic fracture is falling and not osteoporosis, and the incidence of bone fracture is increased as bones become weak due to hormonal changes.
Inflammatory arthritis conditions cause inflammation in the joints and symptoms can include severe pain, stiffness, fatigue, deformity and reduced joint function. Joints and organs can be affected, and severe inflammatory arthritis can significantly shorten life expectancy.
Inflammatory arthritis includes some of the most severe, painful and disabling musculoskeletal conditions, some of which start in children or young adulthood. Conditions include psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It is not known what causes a person to develop inflammatory arthritis. Various factors may be relevant, including the environment, infection, trauma and a person's genetic make-up.
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory seronegative spondyloarthropathy associated with psoriasis. PsA can be considered as a disease within a disease, the appearance of inflammatory arthritis (IA) on a background of pre-existing or future development of psoriasis. Usually arthritis post-dates, often by several years, the onset of psoriasis.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive and disabling disease where the immune system attacks the synovial lining to the joints and other organs. If left untreated, the joint can lose its shape and alignment, cause bone erosion and ultimately lead to destruction of the joint and permanent disability. It typically affects the small joints of the hands and the feet, and usually both sides equally in a symmetrical distribution, though any synovial joint can be affected. In patients with established and aggressive disease, most joints will be affected over time. RA is also a systemic disease, which means it can affect internal organs of the body such as the heart, eyes and lungs.
It is not known what causes a person to develop inflammatory arthritis. Various factors may be relevant, including the environment, infection, trauma and a person's genetic make-up.
The lack of disease-specific diagnostic features means diagnosis of RA is usually based on the assessment of a rheumatologist using relevant physical examination, classification criteria, blood tests and imaging and the patient's own self-reported history – because there is no single diagnostic test for Rheumatoid Arthritis, a clinical diagnosis by a skilled specialist is required.
The triggers for Rheumatoid Arthritis are not well understood. There is evidence to suggest that abnormalities in components of the immune system lead to the body developing abnormal immune and inflammatory reactions, particularly in joints, these changes may precede the onset of RA by many years.
The risk factors commonly associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis are:-
Female gender: partly due to the female hormonal environment during pregnancy, breastfeeding, use of the oral contraceptive pill and menopause;
Genetics: with two genes in particular having been identified – the HLA-DRB1 gene and the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 (PTPN22) gene, with varying degrees of correlation;
Diet: high caffeine, low antioxidants and high red meat consumption may be possible contributory risk factors;
Ethnicity: with lower prevalence in people of Chinese, Pakistani or first and second generation African Caribbean origin compared to European Caucasians and Native American populations;
Following a viral infection: exposure to certain infections may be an elevating risk factor, with the Epstein-Barr virus highlighted as one possible candidate;
Smoking is a well-established environmental risk factor associated with increased risk of developing RA.
Soft tissue rheumatism (STR) describes conditions affecting tissue surrounding a joint, such as ligaments and tendons, and includes conditions such as tendonitis, bursitis, fasciitis and fibromyalgia.
STR forms a broad spectrum of health problems, most of them poorly defined according to diagnostic criteria and case definitions.
The Musculoskeletal Services Framework demonstrates a new model of service to deliver better care, closer to home for the estimated 10 million people in the UK with bone and joint conditions. The Musculoskeletal Services Framework ('MSF') provides the NHS with new guidance to help improve services for people suffering from conditions such as arthritis,back pain and fractures. The Framework sets out how the NHS can use a wider range of health professionals including physiotherapists, nurses and pharmacists in addition to GPs and hospital consultants. By using more staff to treat patients – rather than just the traditional GP-consultant axis – patients will receive faster treatment, in a more convenient setting such as closer to home rather than in hospital. The framework is crucial to delivering the 18 week pathway from GP referral as orthopaedic waiting times present currently one of the greatest challenges to meeting the target.
Musculoskeletal Services Framework (pdf 2.36MB)


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"Il faut du temps (je me battrai pour ça)" är en fransk låt framförd av Sandrine François för Frankrike i Eurovision Song Contest 2002. Låten skrevs av Rick Allison, Marie-Florence Gros och Patrick Bruel.

I Fame Factory framförde Dajana Lööf låten under titeln "Som en blomma slår ut" med en svensk text som hon skrev tillsammans med Johan Thorsell. Låten släpptes som singel 2003.

Referenser

Bidrag till Eurovision Song Contest 2002
Frankrikes bidrag i Eurovision Song Contest

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: printing a barcode image from a webpage on to a label reducing size when printing We have created a barcode image with size 380 width and 120 height.It is fine when display on a web page.Barcode scanner also scanning fine.
when printed on a A4 desktop printer which prints minimum 300 dpi,the a4 barcode scans fine.But when I tried to print the entire web page with bar code image on a label the information printing will be reducing by browser to fit on to a label.
The barcode is becoming much smaller on label and not able to scan it.Is there nay way to print it on the 200 dpi zebra label printer.Please suggest any idea.do we need to do any print settings?or increase the size of the barcode image to print on 200 dpi label printer?

A: If you're going to insist on generating the barcode yourself, you need to map the resolution of the image to the resolution of the printer. However, Zebra printers are designed to print barcodes given simply the data to encode. I suggest you rely on the printer's API, which is guaranteed by the vendor to work. You can ask your salesman for support, too.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Galloway Glens Landscape Partnership is managed and overseen by a Partnership Board made up of a range of organisations with an interest in the Scheme, both statutory bodies and community organisations.
The Partnership Board is supported by the Working Groups, with the Chair of each working group sitting on the Partnership Board to provide a direct link between the Partnership Board and the Working Groups.
The Partnership Board meets regularly and minutes from the meetings are available HERE.


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Mit dem Crimezone Thriller Award werden die besten Thriller des Jahres in verschiedenen Kategorien ausgezeichnet: Der beste Thriller in niederländischer Sprache, der beste internationale Thriller und der beste Erstlingsroman.

Die Auszeichnung wurde von der renommierten niederländischen Krimi-Website Crimezone.nl ins Leben gerufen und hieß bis 2008 De Zilveren Vingerafdruk. Für die Bewertung werden Romane erfasst, deren Veröffentlichung zwischen dem 1. September des Vorjahres und dem 1. September des laufenden Jahres erfolgt. Die Gewinner werden jeweils im folgenden Februar bekannt gegeben. Seit 2013 heißen die Auszeichnungen Hebban Thriller Awards.

Kategorien

Preisträger

Bester niederländischer Thriller – Categorie "Nederlandstalig"
Keine Verleihung 2008

Verlags- und Jahresangaben beziehen sich auf die Original- bzw. deutschen Erstausgaben

Bester internationaler Thriller – Categorie "Buitenland"
Keine Verleihung 2006 und 2008

Verlags- und Jahresangaben beziehen sich auf die Original- bzw. niederländischen und deutschen und Erstausgaben

Bester Erstlingsroman – Categorie "Debuut"
Keine Verleihung 2006–2009

Verlags- und Jahresangaben beziehen sich auf die Original- bzw. niederländischen und deutschen und Erstausgaben

Weblinks
 Hebban Thriller Awards (News) (niederländisch)
 Offizielle Website von Hebban.nl (niederländisch)

Anmerkungen

Krimipreis
Literaturpreis (Niederlande)
Literatur (Niederländisch)
Erstverleihung 2002


Ilse Treurnicht is the CEO of MaRS Discovery District, a leading innovation centre located in Toronto. She oversees both the development and operations of the MaRS Centre and its broad suite of entrepreneurship and innovation programs. MaRS offers advisory services, market intelligence and entrepreneurship education to emerging companies in health care/life sciences, digital media/ICT, cleantech and social purpose businesses across Ontario.
Ilse has worked closely with the leadership of Toronto's academic institutions and teaching hospitals to create MaRS Innovation, an integrated commercialization platform for 14 Toronto Institutions and served as the interim Managing Director for a year following its formal launch in early 2008.
Ilse joined MaRS in early 2005 from her role as President & CEO of Primaxis Technology Ventures, a start-up stage venture capital fund focused on the advanced technologies sector. Prior to Primaxis, Ilse was an entrepreneur with senior management roles in a number of emerging technology companies.
She is an active member of Canada's innovation community and has served on the boards of private companies, industry associations and research organizations. She has also been a member of several government advisory panels.
Dr. Treurnicht has twice been honoured with the prestigious Canada's Most Powerful Women: Top 100™Award—the first time in 2009 and again in 2011.
The Canada's Most Powerful Woman: Top 100™ Awards is Canada's most recognizable Award for the country's highest achieving female leaders in the private, public and not-for-profit sectors.
Cogniciti is a joint venture formed in 2009 through a partnership between Baycrest, one of the world's leading cognitive science institutes, and MaRS, Canada's premier innovation centre.
Dr. Treurnicht was the recipient of The Toronto Awards in the Science category.
The Toronto Awards recognized 10 people who rose above the fray. They turned heads, ignored convention and made us proud to call ourselves Torontonians.
Dr. Treurnicht was nominated as being one of 25 Transformational Canadians by The Globe and Mail.
The Globe and Mail partnered with CTV and Cyberpresse to celebrate Canadians who have sought to make a difference – not just by doing what they do, but through the demonstrable impact they've made on the world around them, whether in Canada or beyond.
Through their vision, leadership and actions, each of these people has immeasurably improved the lives of others.
The goal of The Next 36 is to help launch the careers of Canada's most promising and innovative undergraduates. The program will identify these students through a rigorous selection process, and give them the academic foundation, practical skills, role models and networks to become Canada's next generation of entrepreneurial leaders. Students learn from high-profile business leaders, entrepreneurs and academics while wrestling with the challenge of building a new venture from idea to market.
The Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital is home to leading researchers, educators, and clinicians — dedicated professionals making new scientific discoveries, generating novel therapies, developing innovative training programs, and helping translate knowledge into practice. The Institute fosters an environment in which inter-professional teams collaborate to bring established best practices and research discoveries to patient bedsides faster than ever before.
The MaRS Centre for Impact Investing (CII) is a national hub designed to increase the awareness and effectiveness of social finance to catalyze new capital, talent and initiatives dedicated to tackling social and environmental problems in Canada. The CII is a social finance hub and incubator that acts as a neutral collaboration space for all sectors—government, community and private—enabling collective participation, talent and product development.
MaRS is where science, technology and social entrepreneurs get the help they need. Where all kinds of people meet to spark new ideas. And where a global reputation for innovation is being earned, one success story at a time. MaRS provides resources — people, programs, physical facilities, funding and networks — to ensure that critical innovation happens. We stimulate, identify and harness great ideas, nurture their development and guide the transformation of those ideas into reality.
The Task Force on Social Finance (TFSF) has been assembled by Social Innovation Generation, a national project partnered with the MaRS Discovery District in Toronto, seeking to fundamentally alter the way we think about investing and philanthropy in Canada. The TFSF's mandate is to deliver recommendations that will ignite the development of an investment marketplace dedicated to addressing Canada's social and environmental challenges.
Canadians already understand that innovation of all kinds is critical to our country's future prosperity. Our response will require much more than the contributions of individual innovators and companies, and must include communities, institutions and government.
Dr. Treurnicht will explore models for collaboration - between silos of specialization, and the cultures of academe, business, and the public sector - as we embark on a shared journey towards a resilient innovation nation.
Dr. Ilse Treurnicht, CEO MaRS Discovery District, presents on the importance of innovation for national productivity, and the crucial role women play in building and supporting innovation.
Innovation represents a challenge and an important opportunity for Canada's economic future: strengthening our competitive advantages where we are already well positioned, and making a new generation of knowledge based businesses possible.
Today, women are modest participants in Canada's innovation economy, and its leadership. For Canada to succeed, we need to mobilize our best ideas and our skilled resources. Women engineers have a very important contribution to make, now and in the future.
A discussion highlighting best practices by top thought leaders in the areas of health, education and technology. The session will aim to extract new insights by drawing on the expertise and experience of the CEO of MaRS Discovery District. More specifically, the discussion will be focused on how innovation can be realized within organizations despite having fewer resources available to them.
Catalyst cities are centers of business and innovation — establishing new models of partnership that align public & private objectives, promote new ideas, and foster great culture to create the economies and living standards we desire. Catalyst cities are leading the attraction of human and financial capital as they re-emphasize the role of urban strengths through major events, exports, entrepreneurship and globally connected talent. This presentation will explore catalyst cities in more depth.


Stainless steel welded wire Mesh can be supplied "as cut" from the roll or in flat panels of vary sizes and shapes.
Our Stainless Steel Mesh had won ISO9001-2000,SGS,CE Certificates,With good quality of our Stainless Steel Wire Mesh and our credit standing,We won our customer's commend.
Characteristic: Resistant acid, alkali, high temperature, strong strength and abrasion.
Application: Sieving and filtration in circumstances with acid and alkali,such as slurry mesh in petroleum,sieving and filtration mesh in chemical and fiber and acide wash mesh in electro plating. We can also produce upon customer`s request.
Looking for ideal Applicatiom Welded Wire Mesh Manufacturer & supplier ? We have a wide selection at great prices to help you get creative. All the Stainless Steel Welded Wires Mesh are quality guaranteed. We are China Origin Factory of Welded Wires Mesh Type 304. If you have any question, please feel free to contact us.


8.Muslim or Mushrik - Presentation of Ahl Sunnah Wel Jemah TV (ASWJ TV). Based on the book by Abu Hamzah al-Afghani hatib of Sahaba Masjid in Vienna.Presented by Faris Abu Ismail produced and directed by Sayfullah Hanbal Abdul-Wahhab. 12.07. 2009. Melbourne Australia.
7.Muslim or Mushrik - Presentation of Ahl Sunnah Wel Jemah TV (ASWJ TV). Based on the book by Abu Hamzah al-Afghani hatib of Sahaba Masjid in Vienna.Presented by Faris Abu Ismail produced and directed by Sayfullah Hanbal Abdul-Wahhab. 10.07. 2009. Melbourne Australia.
6. Muslim or Mushrik - Presentation of Ahl Sunnah Wel Jemah TV (ASWJ TV). Based on the book by Abu Hamzah al-Afghani hatib of Sahaba Masjid in Vienna.Presented by Faris Abu Ismail produced and directed by Sayfullah Hanbal Abdul-Wahhab. 10.07.2009. Melbourne Australia.
5.Muslim or Mushrik - Presentation of Ahl Sunnah Wel Jemah TV (ASWJ TV). Based on the book by Abu Hamzah al-Afghani hatib of Sahaba Masjid in Vienna.Presented by Faris Abu Ismail produced and directed by Sayfullah Hanbal Abdul-Wahhab. 10.07.2009. Melbourne Australia.
4. Muslim or Mushrik - Presentation of Ahl Sunnah Wel Jemah TV (ASWJ TV). Based on the book by Abu Hamzah al-Afghani hatib of Sahaba Masjid in Vienna.Presented by Faris Abu Ismail produced and directed by Sayfullah Hanbal Abdul-Wahhab. 10.07. 2009. Melbourne Australia.
3. Muslim or Mushrik - Presentation of \\Ahl Sunnah Wel Jemah TV\\ (ASWJ TV). Based on the book by Abu Hamzah al-Afghany hatib of Sahaba Masjid in Vienna.Presented by Faris Abu Ismail produced and directed by Sayfullah Hanbal Abdul-Wahhab. 10.07.2009. Melbourne Australia.


BACK ON MARKET - OPEN HOUSE THIS SATURDAY 1-3pm Enjoy the carefree living in this incredible 1.5 story home which includes grass cutting, sprinkler system & snow removal. Great floor plan with formal dining room, spacious open kitchen with 42" maple cabinets including decorative columns and archways open to the two-story great room with a wall of windows and a direct vent gas fireplace. The main floor master bedroom has a luxurious bath with double bowl vanity, separate tub and shower, and large walk-in closet. Open staircase to upstairs has an open loft area overlooking great room and leading to the other two bedrooms and full bath. A deck is located off of great room. Full unfinished lower level with two big lookout windows and a rough-in for a future full bath and wet bar. Within walking distance to clubhouse, pool, tennis courts and fitness room. Welcome home to easy living !!!


Notes: New Jersey based luthier Roger Borys is a legend among contemporary archtop builders, with celebrity players including Jim Hall, Joe Pass, Emily Remler, Jimmy Wyble and many more. Borys worked closely with D'Aquisto for a number of years, and when Jimmy needed soundboard plates for his Jim Hall guitar, he turned to Roger. The soundboards Borys delivered were cold molded from sheets of feather light veneer. Stiff, lightweight, and tonally sensitive, they possesed a notably bright tap tone and high feedback resistance. These original D'Aquisto electrics became highly prized by working players for their versatility and durability, and have become one of the most popular of modern guitar designs, as produced by makers as diverse as Sadowsky, Buscarino, Moll, Unger and other top builders.
The body of the Borys B-120 Deluxe is constructed of these highly figured tiger maple plates, mated with a solid curly maple neck with solid ebony fingerboard and hardware. An Armstrong Adjustable PAF provides seamless depth and tonal range, and the gentle D neck profile is elegantly tapered to the hand. The overall fit and finish of the instrument is immaculate, with a lustrous golden sunburst, and Borys' signature diamond inlay in the back of the headstock.
At just 6lb 4oz the guitar is nicely lightweight and well balanced, and is in superb condition, with all original hardware and finish, with no cracks, pick, buckle, thumb or fingerboard wear. Smooth low action over a comfy gentle D neck profile, fine warm voice with excellent detail. Roger builds his creations one at a time, and it can take years to take delivery of one of his instruments. For the serious player seeking an elegant, hard-working jazz box, our advice is: take a page from Jimmy himself, and go right to the source.


Richards Ford began servicing the Baton Rouge area in 1958 under the ownership of Jay and Sonny Richards. In 1996, after 10 years of being out of the family, the Hollingsworth Richards Automotive Group was formed with the purchase of River City Ford. The store was renamed Hollingsworth Richards Ford and is now under the care of partners Mike and Gaye Hollingsworth, Kent Richards and Polly Lemoine.
Hollingsworth Richards Ford operates as a complete, multi-faceted sales, service, financing and leasing provider. Hollingsworth Richards Ford was the first dealership in Louisiana to achieve Blue Oval certification through the Ford Motor Company by demonstrating exceptional attention to customer satisfaction at every level of service. When customers see the Blue Oval thumbprint in our store they know every employee in the dealership is completely committed to providing professional, polished service.
We have found one of the most rewarding benefits of success to be the ability to give something back to the community. We take pride in the family and companywide personal commitment shown by the employees of the Hollingsworth Richards Auto Group.
We have been the Title Sponsor of the Bert Jones Golf Classic since 1994 and have helped raise $2.1 million for the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. We are very proud of our role in making the Bert Jones Golf Classic the foundations largest fund-raiser in Louisiana.
We are also proud supporters of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. For this we have been the Presenting Sponsor of the JDRF Gala since 2008 and have donated 10 vehicles to help raise more than $2.5 million dollars.
Here at Hollingsworth Richards Ford, we also proudly support the American Heart Association, the Life of a Single Mom, the Greater Baton Rouge Food Bank and the Multiple Sclerosis Society.


text:
Federal Reserve announces new monetary stimulus plan - US politics
• The Fed announces new move to boost US economy
• QE3 to be open-ended monthly purchases of bonds
• Interest rates at 'exceptionally low levels' until 2015
• Fed chairman Bernanke warns of looming 'fiscal cliff'
Richard Adams in Washington DC
Thu 13 Sep 2012 17.37 EDT First published on Thu 13 Sep 2012 17.47 EDT
Federal Reserve chairman Ben Bernanke held a press conference to explain Fed policy-making. Photograph: Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images
10.37pm BST
Fed decision: a summary of the day's events
Time to wrap things up.
• The Federal Reserve announced it would launch a major new round of bond buying, known as QE3, in an effort to further stimulate the US economy
• The latest round would be open-ended monthly purchases of mortgage-backed securities which, together with continuing measures, will inject $85bn a month
• The Fed said interest rates would stay at "exceptionally low levels" until at least the middle of 2015, and that policy would only be tightened when economic recovery was well established
• The Fed's monetary policy committee cited high and stubborn levels of unemployment, and hinted at further action if the economy was not strong enough to revive the labour market
• Fed chairman Ben Bernanke said: "We're not promising a cure to all these ills. But what we can do is provide some support."
• Bernanke also warned against the "fiscal cliff" of automatic spending cuts and tax increases possible next year, saying the Fed lacked the tools to cope with a "major fiscal shock" and called on Congress to resolve it
• The stock market saw gains after the announcement, with the S&P share index ending the day 1.6% higher
CNNMoney.com (@CNNMoney)
U.S. stocks finish at multi-year highs on Fed announcement. Dow adds 207 points. Nasdaq rises 1.3%, S&P gains 1.6%. cnnmon.ie/bkgnews
The Guardian's Dominic Rushe gives his account of a busy day at the Federal Reserve and reaction on Wall Street.
Updated at 10.39pm BST
The Romney campaign silence continues, in new and innovative ways.
Sarah Boxer (@Sarah_Boxer)
In DC, @paulryanvp is asked abt #fed as he walked to @johnboehner's office. "Oh, I'm just here to see some of my friends" he responds
Ryan has in the past criticised QE as a "bailout", which is ironic given that he voted for the Tarp and GM bailouts:
Paul Ryan, Mitt Romney's vice-presidential pick, has clearly stated he is against more stimulus.
"I'm not a fan of more stimulus or more easing," Ryan said last month in a CNBC interview. "The benefits are clearly outweighed by the long-term costs of this. It's not working, and all this loose money from the Fed is basically bailing out the fact that President Obama has failed on fiscal policy."
Josh Barro (@jbarro)
Maybe when Ryan called QE3 a bailout, he was endorsing it.
Now the transcript of Ben bernanke's press conference has come through, here's the question on the dangers of the so-called "fiscal cliff":
Question: You said that you can't cure all ills, that you haven't got strong enough tools to deal with the unemployment problem. I was curious to know what policy actions you'd like to see outside the Fed to try and address this? And, secondly, also on the fiscal cliff, the expected spending cuts and tax increases, how concerned are you about that? And what ammunition do you have to deal with that, if that becomes a problem?
Bernanke: Well, there's, again, a range of areas where actions could be taken, and I can't really prescribe all those possible responses. I would focus, I think, on the fiscal side. We currently have the so-called fiscal cliff. If no action is taken, there's going to be a very substantial increase in taxes and cut in spending on January 1st of the coming year.
CBO has suggested that if that's allowed to take place that it would cause unemployment to begin to rise and it might throw the economy back into recession.
So I think one very basic thing that could be done to help address the recovery, the weakness of the recovery and the need for more employment would be to address the fiscal cliff, while simultaneously addressing longer-term fiscal sustainability issues, which remain, of course, very serious. So that's one area where there's a lot of potential benefit.
If the fiscal cliff isn't addressed, as I've said, I don't think our tools are strong enough to offset the effects of a major fiscal shock, so we'd have to think about what to do in that contingency. So I think it's really important for the fiscal policymakers to, you know, work together and try to find a solution for that.
"I don't think our tools are strong enough to offset the effects of a major fiscal shock" is blood-curdling stuff coming from a central banker.
The Romney campaign has indeed finally made a reaction to the fed's announcement and action today, although it was hardly worth waiting for:
The Federal Reserve's announcement of a third round of quantitative easing is further confirmation that President Obama's policies have not worked. After four years of stagnant growth, falling incomes, rising costs, and persistently high unemployment, the American economy doesn't need more artificial and ineffective measures. We should be creating wealth, not printing dollars. As president, Mitt Romney will enact bold, pro-growth policies that lead to robust job creation, higher take-home pay, and a true economic recovery.
So on the one hand, according to the Romney campaign, QE3 is proof that Obama's policies aren't working. Yet QE3 is itself ineffective.
And Romney's "bold pro-growth" policies are what, exactly? As I recall, they include more job training and repealing healthcare reform that hasn't gone into effect yet.
Another thing worth noting: as of today, we have the world's two major central banks - the Fed and the ECB - adopting policies of open-ended bond purchases.
Justin Wolfers (@justinwolfers)
What does QE3 mean for you? Now's the time to buy a house. If you've got one, then refinance. Now.
Sage advice there from Justin Wolfers, Australia's greatest economics export since pavlova.
Representative Tom Price, chair of the House Republican Policy Committee, shows how it's done:
Today's decision by the Federal Reserve to create additional monetary stimulus is a fairly stark indictment of the Obama Administration's failed economic policies.
See, Mitt Romney? It's not so hard.
Updated at 9.07pm BST
Back on the campaign trail, famous businessman and experienced economics guy Mitt Romney would have plenty to say about the Fed's move today, given how important it is for the US economy and with the election being all about jobs and so on.
Ashley Parker (@AshleyRParker)
Romney gamely comes back on plane to give @gingergibson a birthday hug. But refuses to answer Qs on the day's Fed news. #SoCloseButSoFar
Fail, as they say on the internet.
Seriously, Mitt Romney, do you know how to play this game? One minute he's jumping the gun on a pretty minor league foreign policy issue and only shoots himself in the foot. And then he's suddenly not talking about the central plank of his campaign, the economy.
One can't imagine, say Bill Clinton circa 1992, or Tony Blair circa 1997, letting something like this slip.
It doesn't get much more exciting than a video of Ben Bernanke reading out his prepared text this afternoon:
No really, it doesn't get much more exciting.
The FT's Robin Harding says the Federal Reserve wants to "spark the recovery" with its open-ended bond purchase programme, QE3:
The new QE programme marks one of the most significant shifts by the Fed since the 2008-09 financial crisis. The Fed has for the first time tied policy to developments in the economy – and promised not to shift policy until it succeeds.
"The idea is to quicken the recovery" Mr Bernanke said, who said the Fed would not be "premature" removing support for the economy. "We're going to give it some time," he added.
There's a paywall there, sadly. But the announcement "marks a decisive exercise of authority by Ben Bernanke," says Harding.
On the Guardian's Cif America comment section, economist Robin Wells has qualified applause for Ben Bernanke's escape from fear of a right-wing backlash:
Out of tangible ammunition, all that Bernanke has left in his arsenal is his ability to manage expectations about the future. Specifically, what Bernanke must do is convince the markets that monetary policy will stay loose indefinitely into the future: that instead of obsessing about inflation, the Fed will act to rein in monetary policy only once employment has made a substantial recovery. And that also means a much more doveish attitude toward future inflation.
Meanwhile, Bloomberg TV continues its judicious and responsible coverage of the financial markets: "Sharon, what's your best investment idea in 30 seconds or less?"*
*Actual quote
The Guardian's Wall Street journalist Dominic Rushe has his first reaction to Ben Bernanke's press conference and comments:
So it was all about jobs. It's kind of brave of Bernanke to refuse to be pinned down on when he will stop pumping money into the system or exactly what he is looking for in order to declare victory. Like he says, the jobs market is complex, the unemployment rate can fall, as it did last month, because people drop out of the jobs market, clearlynot a good thing. But this all plays into the Ron Paul argument that
the Fed is unaccountable. I imagine there is going to be a backlash. And soon.
Meanwhile, on Bloomberg TV, the American Enterprise Institute appears to have a non-insane economist in Stephen Oliner, which is a mild surprise given the rest of the organisation.
Going back to Ben Bernanke's opening statement, in which he replied to the Fed's critics, there's two points worth looking at:
On the notion that the Fed's securities purchases are akin to fiscal spending:
I want to emphasize that the Fed's purchases of longer-term
securities are not comparable to government spending. The Federal Reserve buys financial assets, not goods and services. Ultimately, the Federal Reserve will normalize its balance sheet by selling these financial assets back into the market or by allowing them to mature. In the interim, the Federal Reserve's earnings from its holdings of securities are remitted to the Treasury. In fact, the odds are strong that the Fed's asset purchase programs, both through their net interest earnings and by strengthening the overall economy, will help reduce rather than increase the federal deficit and debt
On whether the Fed's policies risk inflation down the road:
Inflation has varied in recent years with swings in global food and fuel prices caused by a range of factors, such as drought and geopolitical tensions. However, overall inflation has averaged very close to the Committee's goal of 2% per year for quite a few years now, and a variety of measures show that longer-term inflation expectations are quite stable. The Federal Reserve is fully committed to both sides of its mandate — to price stability as well as to maximum employment — and it has both the tools and the will to act at the appropriate time to avoid any emerging threat to price stability.
And that's it, Ben Bernanke is done. And who is Bloomberg Television getting on next for his reaction? Ron Paul. Presumably Clint Eastwood wasn't available.
All cable business news channels are terrible.
Bernanke leaves the building. Photograph: Manuel Balce Ceneta/AP
Good question from the National Journal: how much was the fiscal cliff part of the rationale for QE3 being open-ended? "We take the economy as it is," says Bernanke, who talks about various challenges, blah blah blah, perhaps being diplomatic. That's a shame given his earlier answer to the BBC.
If none of this makes any sense, I'm sorry. We'll have a translation into English shortly.
Here's the text of Ben Bernanke's opening statement [pdf].
An uncharacteristically long and dull question follows by a German journalist, worrying about inflation, as is the German want (insert newsreel footage of the Weimar Republic and wheelbarrows full of cash here).
Bernanke is pretty brutal: "We don't anticipate the economy is going to be overheating any time soon."
Michelle Fleury of the BBC dangles some bait in front in Bernanke on what "outside" policies (eg, by Congress) could help overcome joblessness, and Bernanke takes it, saying: "One very basic thing that could be done ... would be to address the fiscal cliff while simultaneously addressing the long term".
Bernanke goes on to warn, worryingly, that the Fed "doesn't have the tools" to deal with the dangers of the "fiscal cliff," a reference to the toxic combination of tax increases and spending cuts due to take effect in the new year, if Congress does nothing.
There's your intro, kids.
Another Man In Suit accuses the Federal Reserve of being wracked with division. Bernanke points out that today's decision was backed 11-1 on the FOMC. You do the math, as they say.
Worst question yet from Man In Suit, who wants to know if the FOMC took the election and politics into account. And guess what? They didn't, says Bernanke, although not in so many words.
Oh and Man In Suit also asks what Bernanke's own plans for the future are. Bernanke somehow restrains himself from resigning on the spot.
Next question from the New York Times's Binyamin Appelbaum (I think) - who accuses the Fed of causing "confusion" by not putting an end point on QE3.
Hmm, what part of "open-ended" don't you understand, Binyamin Appelbaum? Bernanke fends him off with "We don't have a single number."
After a promising start it appears this press conference has degenerated into its usual cocoon of flaky stuff.
Thank god for Greg Ip of the Economist, who asks something sensible.
A smart question from the FT's Robin Harding, who asks Ben Bernanke about the Doomsday option: what happens if QE3 doesn't work?
Bernanke's answer is less than convincing: the two tools in the Fed box he mentions are "balance sheet actions," which is what's happening now, and what he calls "communication tools," meaning PR.
"We continue to work on how best to communicate with the public," says Bernanke. What, like Twitter? There might be a guy from the Cairo embassy who can help you there.
Kind of insane question from someone at Reuters (I think). Bernanke actually stifles a laugh and then gives him Econ 101, politely.
My colleague Dominc Rushe points out that the Dow Jones stock average is now up by more than 200 points. So someone likes it.
Interestingly, Ben Bernanke is ticking off the various misconceptions and criticisms made at the Federal Reserve's current stance, answering each one:
I'd like to briefly address three concerns that have been raised about the Federal Reserve's accommodative monetary policy. The first is the notion that the Federal Reserve's securities purchases are akin to fiscal spending. The second is that a policy of very low rates hurts savers. The third is that the Federal Reserve's policies risk inflation down the road.
Now it's time for questions. The first is: when will QE3 end? Good question.
"We'll be waiting for signs that the economy is strong enough and there's a return to employment growth," says Bernanke, although he does say that the aim isn't to return the economy to "full employment."
Next question is also good, on the Fed's reaction function on inflation.
"We're going to give the policy time to ensure the recovery is well established," says Bernanke, reiterating the points he's made earlier, that the Fed isn't going to run at the first whiff of inflation.
The next question is also on inflation but is a bit quibbly: what if inflation is like, you know, really big? Bernanke resists rolling his eyes and sighing.
Ben Bernanke: unemployment remains a 'grave concern'. Photograph: Jewel Samad/AFP/Getty Images
Ben Bernanke's statement largely mirrors the earlier FOMC statement, as you'd expect.
The committee's announcement that monetary policy - interest rates - would remain low even if inflation ticks up "should provide greater assurance to households and businesses," says Bernanke, underlining that point.
Here's Bloomberg's Josh Barro on what today's move means:
The great thing about good policy is that it is a positive-sum game. A Fed that credibly promises to ease until unemployment falls will both put people back to work and grow the economy faster, driving up stock prices. That's a win for capital, a win for labor and, if he gets credit for an accelerated recovery, a win for Ben Bernanke.
Ben Bernanke is now speaking, and it's interesting that he has started his prepared statement with mention of unemployment, notably long-term unemployment, and its drag on the economy:
The employment situation, however, remains a grave concern. While the economy appears to be on a path of moderate recovery, it isn't growing fast enough to make significant progress reducing the unemployment rate. Fewer than half of the 8 million jobs lost in the recession have been
restored. And, at 8.1%, the unemployment rate is nearly unchanged since the beginning of the year and is well above normal levels.
The weak job market should concern every American. High unemployment imposes hardship on millions of people, and it entails a tremendous waste of human skills and talents. Five million Americans have been unemployed for more than six months, and millions more have left the labor force—many of them doubtless because they have given up on finding suitable work. As the skills of the long-term unemployed atrophy and as their connections to the labor market wither, they may find it increasingly difficult to get good jobs, to their and their families' cost, of course, but also to the detriment of our nation's productive potential.
A quick look at the Fed's latest economic projections has some good news: the Fed's economists have slightly upgraded its GDP growth forecast for next year to a range of 2.5% to 3.0%, rather than the previous 2.2 to 2.8% range.
Here's the link to the Fed's full set of projections.
Next up is the press conference live from the Federal Reserve, starring chairman Ben Bernanke. If you want to follow it on video stream, here's the link.
Next up on today's exciting menu of Federal Reserve action is the Fed's latest outlook projections for the economy, out in about five minutes. More charts for all.
The Guardian's Wall Street correspondent Dominc Rushe give us his quick view of what today's Fed announcement means, and what to look for from Ben Bernanke's press conference coming up at 2.15pm:
In hindsight Bernanke couldn't have been clearer that he was prepared to act. But all the same, the open-ended nature of the programme looks like a bold move. The Fed is supposed to stand above the political fray but when you have people like Newt Gingrich calling you "the most inflationary, dangerous and power-centered" chairman in the history of the Fed, that's got to be difficult.
The press conference should be fascinating, for once. Bernanke set out his defense at his last speech in Jackson Hole but you have to expect he will need to make a strong case for an open-ended commitment before his critics start their attacks.
The big question I'd like answered is what measures he will be using to decide when to turn off the tap? This move is clearly aimed at the job market. Will the decision be based on unemployment rate or a combination of measures
It's not a Federal Reserve decision without complex charts, so here's one illustrating the diminishing impact of successive quantitative easings by the Fed on the US stock market (the S&P 500, to be precise), for you to enjoy.
QE effects on the S&P 500 over time. Graphic: BTIG
This chart comes from BTIG in New York, which comments:
As the chart [above] illustrates ... we've roughly shown how indeed, each Fed easing program has generated less of a response in equity markets. However, with the Fed set to ease again today, there are three very, very important points for equity investors to be aware of:
1. Three examples is hardly a sufficient sample size to make larger judgments about Fed activity and the effects on risk assets.
2. Each of the three Fed programs illustrated below were themselves smaller in size, from nearly $2 trillion in round one to just $400 billion in Operation Twist....
3. These observations is what makes the composition of what the Fed does today so important... an unlimited program – which is what BTIG currently expects – would be unlike each of the three programs in the chart below. It could vary in size and intensity, perhaps $60 billion per month, and could last one month or one hundred years. That is meaningfully different from the other programs and investors should be cognizant of that reality.
In summary: although the QEs have had diminishing returns on the stock market, the open-ended nature of the latest QE3 changes everything. In other words: only time will tell.
So much for the economy, what's the political impact? Since the effects of a further round of monetary easing will take a while to flow through the economy, it's unlikely to show up before the election on 6 November in any meaningful way. Remember that shifts in economic policy makes turning a super-tanker around seem like a ballet fouetté en tournant in comparison.
The good news for President Obama's re-election chances is that the FOMC's language wasn't overly apocalyptic, although there is ammunition for the Republicans in there: "the unemployment rate remains elevated," being one, and "economic growth might not be strong enough to generate sustained improvement in labor market conditions" is another. But neither would make a pithy bumper sticker.
So while this could be viewed as a negative for Obama – things are so bad that the Fed needs to bail out the US economy again – it's more likely to be a positive if voters see this as leading to future prosperity and, crucially, more jobs.
Now the dust has settled, what does the Federal Reserve's decision today mean?
There are I think two key points:
1) QE3 - meaning the Fed's third round of quantitative easing - will be open-ended, that is the Fed has not limited it by size or time-frame, unlike QE2, for example. That allows the Fed to keep buying mortgage-backed security bonds (in this case) for as long as it sees fit, which would be until the economy recovers more fully or there are worrying signs of inflation – which leads us to:
2) The Fed has signaled that it is comfortable with inflation rising above the FOMC's comfort level, even after a stronger recovery is underway. Hence the crucial language that the committee "expects that a highly accommodative stance of monetary policy will remain appropriate for a considerable time after the economic recovery strengthens".
If that's too complicated, here's the summary of the summary: the Fed says it will keep injecting cash into the economy until it sees evidence of a full-blown recovery, and won't be swayed by the first signs of inflation.
The market reaction on Wall Street and elsewhere has been relatively mild, given that most of the decision was already priced in. The Dow Jones industrial average of leading stocks was up 15 points for the day just before the FOMC statement, and a quick 105-point spike soon dissipated.
The US dollar weakened against other major currencies. The big mover was price of gold, which surged by around $16 an ounce to $1,750.
Here's the voting breakdown on the FOMC, which approved today's action by 11-1:
Voting for the FOMC monetary policy action were: Ben Bernanke, Chairman; William Dudley, Vice Chairman; Elizabeth Duke; Dennis Lockhart; Sandra Pianalto; Jerome Powell; Sarah Bloom Raskin; Jeremy Stein; Daniel Tarullo; John Williams; and Janet Yellen.
Voting against the action was Jeffrey Lacker, who opposed additional asset purchases and preferred to omit the description of the time period over which exceptionally low levels for the federal funds rate are likely to be warranted.
The FOMC full statement is here.
Federal Reserve decision: key statements
Here's the key extracts from the FOMC statement:
• The Committee is concerned that, without further policy accommodation, economic growth might not be strong enough to generate sustained improvement in labor market conditions. Furthermore, strains in global financial markets continue to pose significant downside risks to the economic outlook.
• To support a stronger economic recovery and to help ensure that inflation, over time, is at the rate most consistent with its dual mandate, the Committee agreed today to increase policy accommodation by purchasing additional agency mortgage-backed securities at a pace of $40 billion per month.
• If the outlook for the labor market does not improve substantially, the Committee will continue its purchases of agency mortgage-backed securities, undertake additional asset purchases, and employ its other policy tools as appropriate until such improvement is achieved in a context of price stability.
• To support continued progress toward maximum employment and price stability, the Committee expects that a highly accommodative stance of monetary policy will remain appropriate for a considerable time after the economic recovery strengthens. In particular, the Committee also decided today to keep the target range for the federal funds rate at 0 to 0.25 per cent and currently anticipates that exceptionally low levels for the federal funds rate are likely to be warranted at least through mid-2015.
Federal Reserve decision: interest rates low until 2015
The FOMC statement also changes its language this month on the outlook for interest rates and monetary policy, saying it is likely to keep rates "exceptionally low" at least through mid-2015.
Federal Reserve decision: QE3 underway
And here we go: the Federal Reserve announces it is to spend $40bn a month on bond purchases to boost the weak economy, with no end date set, in a third round of quantitative easing (hence QE3). So it's open-ended.
As we await the Fed decision, here's a final moment of chutzpah from Mitt Romney just now, warning that if Barack Obama is re-elected:
You're going to see the gap between the wealthiest and everybody else become larger and larger.
More from Mitt Romney's stump speech in Fairfax, Virginia:
Ginger Gibson (@GingerGibson)
Romney "I didn't just study the economy at school, I actually lived in the economy for 25 years."
Pretty hard for anyone to avoid "living in the economy" really. Unless they are super-wealthy... oh.
Currently, Mitt Romney is speaking at a campaign rally in Virginia, surrounded on stage by women in a not very subtle piece of optics.
"You guys are the best, you give me such a boost of optimism," he says, before quickly changing pace to get sombre. "We're mourning, we've lost four of our diplomats around the world," he says, talking about the diplomats who died in Libya on Tuesday.
Romney wants to have a moment of silence: "I would offer a moment of silence, but one gentleman doesn't want to be silent," he says, referring to protesters who are being drowned out by "U-S-A" chants by the crowd.
So he skips the moment of silence to have a detailed and frank 15-second-long discussion about foreign policy:
It sometimes feels like we're at the mercy of events, rather than shaping events.
And that's it. Although perhaps he's referring to his own campaign? Because that would work.
"Let me talk about something else," says Mitt, quickly moving on to talk about jobs, although there's a quick jag back to talking about how awesome the US military needs to be.
Total number of news channels that covered Romney: one, MSNBC. Fox News was more interested in the US embassy in Yemen.
With the Federal Reserve's FOMC decision just 45 minutes away, here's some interesting pre-match analysis from the FT's Washington economics guru-reporter Robin Harding:
For me, the question of what the Fed will do is far less interesting – and far less in doubt – than how the Fed will do it. This will not be a pro forma repeat of previous actions. As Mr Bernanke's [earlier Jackson Hole] speech shows, the Fed is trying to address grave concerns about the labour market. The crucial issue is whether and how they tie any action to the state of the economy.
Since that has political implications, expect the Fed's statement to be rather more carefully drawn than, say, a tweet from the US embassy account in Cairo.
The Federal Reserve building in Washington DC. Photograph: Jim Young/Reuters
After the burst of over-optimism caused by the post-Democratic national convention bounce, it's possible that the presidential polls will settle back down into a close race.
But here's the result no-one has been waiting for: according to an Esquire/Yahoo-commissioned poll, 58% of Americans say that Barack Obama could take Mitt Romney in a fight.
In other news, Esquire and Yahoo could just take a bunch of money and set fire to it. The net result would be the same.
More seriously, the poll also has Obama up 50% to 46% among likely voters nationwide.
Over on Reddit, the soi-disant "front page of the internet", Jill Stein, the Green party candidate for president held an Ask Me Anything Q&A:
Libertarian ideals and the Libertarian party are having a renaissance of sorts right now due to the efforts of Ron Paul and Gary Johnson. What do you think needs to be done in order for the Green Party to have a similar awakening?
To look at the polls, people are clamoring for what the Green Party is offering. Not only an alternative to establishment politics, but a way to get money out of politics (public funding of campaigns, open up public airwaves to public use by qualified candidates, etc.). A way to create jobs and revive the economy (through the Green New Deal). A way to bail out students and provide free public higher education. (It pays for itself as we saw during the GI Bill post WWII that returned $7 in economic benefits for every $1 invested in college tuition.) A way to stop climate change. (Sorry but the Libertarian "personal responsibility" solution for climate change won't cut it.) A way to reign in Wall Street, break up the big banks and create state banks, and an economy that works for everyday people.
Mark Salter was a senior adviser to John McCain's 2008 presidential campaign - and he joins the ranks of GOP worthies who are unhappy with Mitt Romney's jabs:
I understand the Romney campaign is under pressure from some Republicans to toughen its attacks on the president. Four years ago, the McCain campaign was regularly urged to do the same, while at the same time we were unfairly accused by more than a few Democrats and many in the press of inflaming race-based opposition to our opponent. I'm sympathetic to Romney's predicament.
But this is hardly the issue or the moment to demonstrate a greater resolve to take the fight to the president. Four good Americans, brave and true, have just died in service to their country. They were killed because some of the Libyans who fought a civil war for freedom, or cynically pretended freedom was their cause, do not really approve or understand freedom's values. Nothing said or done by the president or anyone in the US government is responsible for the violence that led to their deaths.
Former GOP congressman and TV host Joe Scarborough lays into the Romney campaign in an op-ed for Politico:
How can it be that this man who turned around countless businesses, saved the 2002 Olympics and ran Democratic Massachusetts like a pro be the head of such a disastrous campaign?
Who was responsible for burying his moving convention video behind the bumbling bluster of Clint Eastwood?
Who told Mr Romney to issue a political broadside against the commander in chief the day after a US ambassador was murdered?
And who decided that Romney would use his general election campaign to stand for absolutely nothing? The Wall Street Journal described this ideological listlessness as a "pre-existing decision." The question conservatives should be asking is whether that strategy was hatched by a misguided consultant or the candidate himself.
Mitt Romney in Reno, Nevada. Photograph: Jim Young/Reuters
There is talk that Scarborough is thinking about a 2016 run at the Republican presidential nomination. Fancy that.
All eyes are on the Federal Reserve's latest decision on monetary policy due to come out shortly after 12.30pm ET, to be followed by a press conference by Fed chairmen Ben Bernanke.
QE3 or not QE3? - that is the question, meaning whether or not the Fed's Federal Open Markets Committee (FOMC) thinks the state of the US economy requires another bout of quantitative easing to give it a boost. And if that sentence leaves you glassy-eyed, we'll do our best to explain it as things proceed.
Meanwhile, it's another day of presidential politics, although Mitt Romney – still batting away criticism of his disastrous entry into real-time foreign policy this week - has a very light schedule, with just one appearance today in Virginia. You'd never know that there are less than 54 days until the general election on 6 November.
We'll be following the day's events here, especially Bernanke's press conference when it starts at 2.15pm ET.
Fed announces bond-buying stimulus to spur economic growth
Ben Bernanke calls move 'a Main Street policy' as Wall Street reacts by sending Dow Jones average soaring by 200 points
Ben Bernanke rescues the US economy from the nihilism of the right
Robin Wells
The Federal Reserve and QE3: a quantitative easing too far?
Douglas Holtz-Eakin
Federal Reserve plan may be just enough to preserve stability
Ben Bernanke: flakcatcher-in-chief

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"Argentario romantic cottage is surrounded by nature, and a panoramic garden in the most unspoiled area of Argentario. Enjoy the stunning view of the Mediterranean and discover the private footpath to the sea".
This argentario romantic cottage is a large and bright open space that can by divided in two by a sliding wooden wall. In the first area is the living room, the open kitchen and the dining area. In the second area is the idyllic double bedroom with dressing room. The beautiful bathroom of the cottage is made in local stone and features an extra large walk-in shower. The partition wall of the loft closes so that the bedroom and the living room (where you will find two single day beds) have independent access to the bathroom. Two extra large French windows, one for each area of the cottage, open onto the garden and bring in the color of the sea.
From the garden of the cottage, a pathway leads to the sea. At the foot of the villa you will also clear waters lapping against the rocks. This is thus ideal for swimmers and divers. Walking 10 minutes along the coast, you will moreover reach the stone beach of Le Cannelle. There is a lovely bar by the beach and where you can rent canoes and stand up paddles. Just behind the beach there is a good seafood restaurant (you can also reach this area by car). The closest village, Porto Santo Stefano, is 15 minutes by car. Here you will furthermore find supermarkets, ATMs, restaurants, boat rentals, shops and fish markets.
Located on the side of a mountain by the sea in Tuscany, this Monte Argentario romantic cottage with super panoramic garden and pathway to the sea, is a perfect love nest. We are in the south of Argentario, between the neighborhoods of Isola Rossa and Le Cannelle bay. From the garden of the villa you can sea the suggestive Saracen Tower of Le Cannelle, where the sun rises, as well as the Isola Rossa (the Red Island), where you have spectacular sunsets. In the middle is the turquoise sea, with Giannutri and Giglio islands on the horizon.


An elegant, barrel-fermented Chardonnay, showing enticing aromas of tropical fruits, orange and green plum, enveloped by toasty, buttery notes. The creamy, full bodied palate is harmoniously balanced with a lively acidity and a long, buttery finish.
Kayra is producing premium wines from the Anatolia region - considered to be the birthplace of wine - and is at the cutting edge of winemaking. The wines are made from unique and intriguing local as well as international varieties. These indigenous varieties, while being ancient to Turkey, are being vinified using modern techniques and are producing award winning results. The vines are planted in the best sites following the philosophy of terroir and the vineyards and wineries have been significantly invested in. The Elaziğ winery, located in Eastern Anatolia, was established in 1942 and is dedicated entirely to the production of red wines. The Şarköy Winery in Thrace was built in 1996 and embraces a cellar for 1,200 barrels, reserved for the ageing of special cuvées. Under the guidance of consultant winemaker Daniel O'Donnell, it is Kayra's aim to reveal the true potential of Turkey and to bring their rich history and generous spirit to lovers of fine wine.
The 2013 vintage was typical for the region. The winter was cold and snowy, with enough rainfall to build up sufficient water reserves to nourish the vines during the warm spring and hot summer conditions. The grapes underwent a typical growth cycle, resulting in good levels of maturity and expressive varietal characteristics.
The Chardonnay fruit is sourced from two areas: the cool, high planes of Denizli and Güney, in the eastern region of Aegean. The vines are grown at 900 metres above sea level on Vertical Shoot Positioning training systems (VSP), on limestone over clay soils. The cooler nights help to impart a refreshing acidity and citrus notes to the wine.
The berries from two of Turkey's more prominent wine regions were whole cluster pressed. Only the free run juice and the juice of the first press were vinified. 50% was fermented in stainless steel tank and 50% in barrel, where 100% underwent malolactic fermentation. The wine was then matured in barrel, of which 20% was new French oak and the remainder was neutral oak; for a period of 16 months. The blending of the two different vineyards and the two different fermentation styles has resulted in a wine of youthfulness and complexity.
Seafood; grilled fish; poultry in a creamy sauce; or soft cheese such as Brie.


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text:
Das Amtsgericht Schöllkrippen war ein von 1879 bis 1943 existierendes bayerisches Gericht der ordentlichen Gerichtsbarkeit mit Sitz im unterfränkischen Schöllkrippen.

Landgericht Schöllkrippen
Am 3. September 1858 wurde das königlich bayerische Landgericht Schöllkrippen aus Teilen der Landgerichtsbezirke Alzenau, Aschaffenburg und Rothenbuch gebildet.

Aus dem Landgerichtsbezirk Alzenau waren dies die Gemeinden Dörnsteinbach, Edelbach, Geiselbach, Großblankenbach, Großkahl, Großlaudenbach, Hofstädten, Huckelheim, Kleinblankenbach, Kleinkahl, Kleinlaudenbach, Königshofen, Krombach, Oberwestern, Omersbach, Schneppenbach, Schöllkrippen, Sommerkahl und Unterwestern.

Vom Landgericht Aschaffenburg kamen Eichenberg, Feldkahl und Rottenberg und vom Landgericht Rothenburch Heinrichsthal und Jakobsthal hinzu.

Zum 1. Juli 1862 wurden im Königreich Bayern Verwaltung und Justiz getrennt. Für die Justiz wurde nun das Landgericht Schöllkrippen zuständig. Der Landgerichtsbezirk blieb unverändert. Dem Landgericht war das Bezirksgericht Aschaffenburg übergeordnet.

Das Verwaltungsgebiet wurde mit dem des Landgerichtes Alzenau zusammengelegt und das Bezirksamt Alzenau gebildet. Aus diesem ging der spätere Landkreis Alzenau hervor.

Amtsgericht Schöllkrippen
Anlässlich der Einführung des Gerichtsverfassungsgesetzes am 1. Oktober 1879 wurde in Schöllkrippen ein Amtsgericht gebildet, dessen Sprengel deckungsgleich mit dem vorhergehenden Landgerichtsbezirk Schöllkrippen war. Übergeordnete Instanzen waren das Landgericht Aschaffenburg und das Oberlandesgericht Bamberg.

Im Jahre 1943 wurde das Amtsgericht Schöllkrippen stillgelegt und sein Bezirk dem Amtsgericht Alzenau zugeschlagen.

Gerichtsgebäude
Das Gericht hatte seinen Sitz im ehemaligen Schloss, heute Rathaus, Marktplatz 1 in Schöllkrippen.

Einzelnachweise

Schollkrippen
Schöllkrippen
Gegründet 1879
Aufgelöst 1943


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BR Home Page > Register > Teams > 1988 Louisville Redbirds
1988 Louisville Redbirds
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League: American Association (East Division)
Record: 63-79
Affiliation: St. Louis Cardinals (NL)
Manager: Mike Jorgensen
Location: Louisville, KY
Pythagorean W-L: 59-83, 524 Runs, 629 Runs Allowed
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1988 Louisville Redbirds Statistics
Team Fielding - 1B
Bold indicates they played in the majors or are a HOFer
Sal Agostinelli 26 27 65 62 7 9 0 0 0 3 0 0 3 7 .145 .185 .145 .330 9 0 0 0 0
Luis Alicea# 22 49 209 191 21 53 11 6 1 21 8 4 11 21 .278 .316 .414 .729 79 1 3 3 1
Scott Arnold 25 3 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .500 .500 .500 1.000 1 0 0 0 0
Greg Bargar 29 9 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 .000 .000 .000 .000 0 0 0 0 0
Rod Booker* 29 111 419 370 50 96 12 1 4 31 15 7 45 44 .260 .338 .330 .668 122 0 2 2 3
Derek Botelho 31 22 11 10 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 .100 .182 .100 .282 1 0 0 0 0
Rich Buonantony 25 11 16 15 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 .200 .200 .200 .400 3 0 1 0 0
Cris Carpenter 23 13 16 13 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 .077 .077 .077 .154 1 0 3 0 0
Alex Cole* 22 120 442 392 44 91 7 8 0 24 40 15 42 59 .232 .307 .291 .598 114 1 6 1 1
Tim Conroy* 28 13 9 8 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .250 .250 .500 .750 4 0 1 0 0
John Costello 27 20 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000 .000 .000 0 0 0 0 0
Danny Cox 28 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1.000 0 0 0 0 0
Mark Dougherty 26 54 121 107 15 24 6 2 1 8 3 0 12 24 .224 .300 .346 .646 37 0 1 1 1
Mike Fitzgerald 24 106 399 382 33 92 14 1 10 50 1 3 12 69 .241 .266 .361 .627 138 2 0 3 1
Rick Grapenthin 30 45 4 4 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 .500 .500 .500 1.000 2 0 0 0 0
David Green 27 59 207 190 15 41 5 1 1 18 1 2 16 39 .216 .277 .268 .545 51 0 1 0 2
Mike Hocutt* 26 6 14 12 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 .083 .154 .083 .237 1 0 1 0 0
Tim Jones* 25 103 415 370 63 95 21 2 6 38 39 12 36 56 .257 .327 .373 .700 138 3 5 1 3
Matt Kinzer 25 46 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .000 .000 .000 .000 0 0 0 0 0
Wayne Krenchicki* 33 18 43 41 4 8 1 0 0 2 1 0 2 9 .195 .233 .220 .452 9 0 0 0 1
Mike Laga* 28 13 55 49 4 10 2 0 1 5 0 0 6 5 .204 .291 .306 .597 15 0 0 0 2
Jim Leopold? 29 8 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 .000 .000 .000 0 0 1 0 0
Jim Lindeman 26 73 298 261 32 66 18 4 2 30 2 0 33 59 .253 .339 .376 .714 98 2 0 2 0
Bill Lyons 30 104 318 268 39 71 11 4 2 30 7 4 37 45 .265 .355 .358 .713 96 3 5 5 0
John Martin 28 28 35 29 0 8 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 14 .276 .300 .276 .576 8 0 5 0 0
Greg Mathews 26 5 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 .000 .000 .000 .000 0 0 0 0 0
John Morris* 27 13 42 40 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 .100 .143 .100 .243 4 0 0 0 0
John Murphy 26 119 401 348 43 87 23 1 4 32 32 5 46 58 .250 .342 .356 .698 124 3 3 1 2
Randy O'Neal 27 10 13 11 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 .091 .167 .091 .258 1 0 1 0 0
Jeff Oyster? 25 14 10 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 .111 .200 .111 .311 1 0 0 0 0
Steve Peters* 25 22 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 .000 .000 .000 .000 0 0 1 0 0
Jim Puzey* 24 23 68 60 6 15 1 0 1 4 0 0 8 12 .250 .338 .317 .655 19 0 0 0 0
Dave Rajsich* 36 53 14 8 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 5 .000 .100 .000 .100 0 0 4 1 0
Mike Robinson 26 27 37 32 3 5 1 0 0 0 0 2 4 6 .156 .270 .188 .458 6 1 0 0 0
Mark Ryal* 27 94 359 336 35 86 25 1 11 62 1 2 19 42 .256 .293 .435 .727 146 0 0 4 2
Roy Silver# 25 19 38 38 3 9 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 7 .237 .237 .368 .605 14 0 0 0 0
Ray Stephens 25 115 404 355 26 67 13 2 3 25 2 0 45 78 .189 .280 .262 .542 93 1 0 3 3
Lee Tunnell 27 25 26 17 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 8 .177 .333 .177 .510 3 0 5 0 0
Duane Walker* 31 31 85 76 7 21 6 0 1 18 0 0 8 15 .276 .353 .395 .748 30 1 0 0 1
Craig Wilson 23 133 561 497 59 127 27 2 1 46 6 4 54 46 .256 .326 .324 .650 161 0 6 4 1
40 Players 25.8 142 5217 4660 524 1108 211 36 51 463 158 60 452 779 .238 .306 .331 .637 1544 18 55 32 24
* - bats left-handed, # - bats both, else - bats right, ? - unknown, for minors bold indicates they appeared in majors or are a HOFer
Only players for whom we have stats are shown. See roster for more complete team list.
Team Fielding - SS
Team Fielding - OF
Team Fielding - P
Team Fielding - C
Bold indicates they played in the majors
About the Register Data
Historical performance data for professional leagues (affiliated minor leagues, independent minor leagues, fall/winter leagues, and other international leagues) is provided by and licensed from 24-7 Baseball and Chadwick Baseball Bureau. It incorporates the work of many stalwart baseball researchers, including Cliff Blau, Art Cantu, Frank Hamilton, Reed Howard, Kevin Johnson, Bob McConnell, Jack Morris, and Ray Nemec, as well as members of the Minor Leagues Committee of the Society for American Baseball Research.
Perhaps most importantly, it builds upon the seminal work of Ed Washuta, who magnanimously provided the framework to make the whole thing possible.
Minor league Total Zone (Rctch&Rtz, 2005-2009) data provided by Baseballprojection.com and Minorleaguesplits.com.
About the Negro League Data
This data comes from two sources. 1) The Negro Leagues Researchers and Authors Group put together by the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum thanks to a grant provided by Major League Baseball. 2) Gary Ashwill and his collaborators.
The Hall of Fame data is found for the years 1920-1948 and the Ashwill data is found from 1904-1919. Many statistics are incomplete due to ongoing research and/or limitations in published sources, so please be assured that we are aware there are issues with the data and will continue to work with our data providers to improve the data that appears here.
The Hall of Fame dataset
This data is constructed from the best available information as provided by Larry Lester, Wayne Stivers and Dick Clark of the Negro Leagues Researchers and Authors Group. It contains data culled from newspaper boxscores, covering league sanctioned games from 1920 to 1948, which was produced for a study sponsored by Major League Baseball and the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. It reflects totals as compiled by the NLRAG up to 2006. As new credible information is continually unearthed, these numbers will continue to change.
Baseball-Reference and the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum would like to acknowledge Major League Baseball for funding this study, along with the Negro Leagues Researchers and Authors Group for their extensive efforts to collect the raw data and construct the most comprehensive database of Negro Leagues Baseball statistics. Under the direction of Larry Lester, Wayne Stivers and Dick Clark, this database is the largest dataset ever made publically available and we wish to express our gratitude for all their efforts to help rebuild this lost statistical history.
The Ashwill Negro Leagues Database
Playing statistics and biographical data on the Negro leagues (all pre-1920) and early Latin American professional baseball is licensed from and provided by the Negro Leagues Database, a project organized by Gary Ashwill with the participation of many historians of Negro league and Latin American baseball.
The database is a work in progress, and will include more seasons as development continues. It appears in its original form at Seamheads.com.
Playing statistics and biographical data for this portion of our dataset (The Negro Leagues Database) are all copyright 2013 by Gary Ashwill. All rights reserved.
Note that our records are missing thousands of players who played in the Negro Leagues for minor league teams, independent teams, barnstorming teams or even Negro major league teams. We will bring their records to light as soon as suitable records are available for those players.
Details about our NLB Data
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The Raps have waived Peja Stojokavic after his two month stint in Toronto. Peja played just two games for the Raptors and averaged 10 ppg. And it looks like he'll be heading to the injury-riddled Dallas Mavericks once he clears waivers. As Rap fans, we had a little faith that Peja would be here for the long-term, and here we are, watching Peja walk. Peja didn't provide much value to the franchise, and at 33, he didn't have a role with the young and rebuilding Raptors.
Now according to Marc Stein of ESPN, he is reporting a potential trade between the Raptors and the Dallas Mavericks with 7-2 Centre, Alexis Ajinca, coming to Toronto.