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Fitting into a Mountain Environment How a retired Silicon Valley executive built a house that soaks up the sun.
By Suzanne Johnson December 15, 2008
Photo: EdwardCaldwell.com
In the summer of 2000 I was working from my 1950s ranch home in Silicon Valley and talking to Arkin Tilt Architects about remodeling the house. Over the years I'd added a lot of energy upgrades, culminating with a 2.5-kilowatt (kW) photovoltaic system in 1997. I was firmly addicted to running the electric meter backwards, and had chosen the architectural firm for its history with passive and active solar homes. (Passive solar design uses sunlight for useful energy with no mechanical systems, while active solar homes include mechanical technologies.) But I was uncertain about the remodel, wondering whether I'd prefer moving to a quieter, more rural area.
Then a minivan crashed across the porch and into the front room. Happily, no one was injured. The house suffered far more damage than the van. It was a sign that I belonged elsewhere.
Elsewhere was the Carson Valley area of Northern Nevada. I loved the sundrenched high desert and had been considering property in the area for some time. I closed on my property about a month after the crash.
I asked Arkin Tilt if they would design a new house for me, rather than remodel the old one. We began to define the requirements for the new home. While taking a class from David Arkin at the Solar Living Institute in Hopland, Calif., I reawakened my chemistry background and started looking closely at healthy interiors. I have a long history of hay fever, allergies and chemical sensitivities. It was easy to prioritize finding building materials that wouldn't aggravate my health issues.
Design Responds to Extreme Weather, Dry Climate
In The Return of the Solar Cat Book, Jim Augustyn points out that when a cat feels cold, it very sensibly finds a sunny spot to stretch out upon. People, on the other hand, have tended to ignore the sun and generally find much more complex solutions for warmth. I wanted my new house to incorporate feline wisdom and use the sun to full advantage. I wanted to avoid the use of fossil fuels completely.
Nevada sees more than 300 sunny days per year, and state laws promote use of renewable energy and energy-efficient design. The house sits 5,300 feet above sea level on the eastern edge of the Sierra Nevada. Peaks to the immediate west reach almost 11,000 feet. The climate is extreme. Summer days reach 100°F (38°C) or higher. Winter nighttime temperatures average in the teens, and can drop to well below 0°F (18°C). Snow can reach blizzard depth and it is not unusual to lose grid power, especially during the winter snow/wind events. Winds tumbling from the peaks can hit 60 to 90 mph (100 to 150 kph) with percussive, turbulent effect. Humidity is always low and there is typically a 30°F difference between night and daytime temperatures, as well as a 100°F difference between typical winter- low and summer-high temperatures.
Water is supplied from a community well and the house design incorporates separate pipes for grey and black water. We use permaculture design, including natural and constructed swales, to channel rainwater to native plantings. The up-tilted Zincalume metal roof channels water either to a set of swales or into a small terrace pool. During warmer months, pool water is recirculated by a solar-powered pump through a biological filtration area. One of my favorite aspects of this roof design is the fact that I have no gutters to worry about. My neighbors use electricity to heat theirs to prevent ice clogs.
Neighbors also use humidifier systems. I have a greenhouse on the south side of the master bedroom, and it contains an "endless river" pool. When the air is dry, a humidistat turns on a simple fan to bring humid air from the greenhouse into the main house. This gives me 30 to 50 percent more humidity than I would otherwise have indoors. The unheated greenhouse is three to four USDA Plant Zones warmer than the average outside winter zone. I can easily grow citrus and lavender, as well as a variety of plants commonly found in the San Francisco Bay area. In spite of the harsh climate and difficult site, the house has become a quiet retreat, an inspirational workplace and great place to watch the weather and local wildlife.
Energy Systems Provide Solar Cat-Approved Warmth
The house uses a variety of active and passive solar systems, and systems that aid ventilation, daylighting, heat retention and humidification. Because the house is located in high desert with an average of 6,500 heating degree-days per year (F), it needed solar heating as well as ventilation and cooling. The mountains loom to the west, blocking late-afternoon sun; thus the solar orientation of the house is a bit east of true south (I lose the sun at 2:30 p.m. at winter solstice). The standing-seam metal roof of the main house tilts 13 degrees from horizontal, making it a reasonable platform for part of the PV array. The rest of the array is mounted on a trellis over the terrace.
Photovoltaic panels on the trellis tilt toward the sun during summer and winter. they shade the patio and provide more than a third of household electrical power. Photo: EdwardCaldwell.com
The radiant heat system is powered by seven solar collectors, each 4 feet by 10 feet (1.2 meters by 3 meters). These collectors heat a glycol/ water mixture for domestic hot water (DHW) and space heating. After passing through a heat exchanger for DHW, the fluid is distributed into loops of tubing buried in sand beds under the concrete floor slab. Together, the sand and concrete serve as thermal mass to store heat and release it slowly and evenly into the living space. As the weather grows warmer, the fluid can be diverted into a heat exchanger used to heat the pool. This type of sand bed solar thermal system was explained in Bob Ramlow's article, "Warm, Radiant Comfort in the Sand" (SOLAR TODAY, November/December 2007). The cost was $12,000 (not including installation costs), compared to the $20,000 or so I would have paid for a nonsolar radiant heat system.
In addition to the concrete slabs, the walls provide thermal mass. They're built of straw bales above an insulated concrete form (ICF) foundation, with 2 to 3 inches of soil cement finish on the exterior and on the interior to store direct solar gain. The stored heat helps to maintain comfortable temperatures through cold nights and cloudy periods. A backup electric heat pump for the coldest periods combines with a ventilation and filtration air handler. I recently upgraded to an ultra- efficient air-source heat pump, designed to work through frigid winter nights with efficiency close to that of a ground-source heat pump. When I added the heat pump, I also needed to upgrade the furnace. The cost for both upgrades, including installation costs, was about $14,000. My winter electricity bills dropped 35 to 50 percent.
While the sun is desirable in the winter for solar gain, shading is critical to make summer months comfortable. Trellised light shelves shade the taller windows. The kitchen bay window has an operable awning. All the west-facing windows, and some east-facing windows, have exterior shutters and insulating interior shades.
Photovoltaics Minimize Energy Costs
The house was designed to allow photovoltaics to be added in a modular fashion on the metal roof. The original complement (which we have since expanded) consisted of two systems:
2.3 kW of roof-integrated UniSolar photovoltaic panels laminated to the standing seam metal roof and directly intertied with a Sunny Boy 2500 inverter (sma-america.com). This system is composed of 16 UniSolar PVL-128 modules and four PVL-64 units, with the shorter modules located at plumbing vents and the roof cricket above the loft dormer.
2.8 kW (20 APX-140 panels) in five 48-V strings are located on custom "Arc-n-Tilt" brackets atop a trellis over the terrace. The brackets allow the panels to tilt with the seasonal sun angle. The steeper winter angle sheds snow nicely, helping to keep the panels clear. The bracket-mounted panels feed a grid-intertied Xantrex SW4048 inverter (xantrex.com) with 16 Concorde Sun Xtender sealed 12-volt batteries to provide emergency backup when the grid goes down (concordebattery.com). The batteries are housed in the garage and are warmed by a Trombe wall adjacent to the courtyard.
The house uses a variety of active and passive solar systems, and systems that aid ventilation, daylighting, heat retention and humidification. Because the house is located in high desert with an average of 6,500 heating degree-days per year (F), it needed solar heating as well as ventilation and cooling. the mountains loom to the west, blocking late-afternoon sun; thus the solar orientation of the house is a bit east of true south. Image: Arkin Tilt Architects
In designing electrical service, we put 120-v and 220-v circuits into separate boxes. That way, all the 120-v is backed up to the battery bank. This should give me close to a week of off-grid power. I used it for the first time in December 2004, just two weeks after moving in. It was a night of high winds and snow. At 6 p.m., as I worked at my computer, my phone started ringing. My neighbors wanted to know why I had lights when they didn't. The switchover from grid to battery power is so seamless that I hadn't noticed the grid go dark. I'd experienced this smooth transition at the Silicon Valley house, so I had a "canary light" installed in the hallway, lighting up when the grid fails. The light is attached to a shelf fashioned from the horizontal stabilizer of a Piper Cherokee, but on this occasion, the neighbors alerted me before the light did.
We added the final complement of PV last year. It comprises 2.4 kW of roof-integrated panels — 16 UniSolar PVL-136 modules and four PVL-64 units intertied to another SunnyBoy inverter. The cost for the entire system was $49,000, including installation of the most recent addition (installation costs for the initial systems were folded into the house construction costs). Based on input from my bidirectional digital meter, each electric bill shows how much electricity I've drawn from the grid and how much my PV systems have fed back. Any surplus from the previous 12 months is applied against my charges for the given month.
In figuring payback on this solar investment, I prefer looking at avoided costs compared to system costs. Neighbors with a conventionally heated house of similar square footage to mine (3,400 square feet, or 315 square meters) noted that if they were careful and kept their thermostat set no higher than 58°F (14°C) during the winter, they could still be hit with an annual propane bill of $7,500 (at $3.10 per gallon). I keep my thermostat in the 65–68°F range and use no propane. The PV on my roof and trellis keep my electric bill close to zero, annualized. Propane continues to increase in price in my area. This fall the price has been $3.50 per gallon. Based just on avoided propane costs, my solar systems will be paid for in less than four more years.
Each winter as I watch the parade of propane trucks make numerous trips up the hill to houses in my development, I'm even more pleased to be cat-like, dependent on the sun for warmth. It's also worth noting that in Nevada, the cost of renewable energy systems is not included in the basis used to calculate property taxes.
In Nevada, one can choose between taking a buy-down (a subsidy) on a renewable energy system's cost and forfeiting to the utility the renewable energy credits associated with the electricity produced, or forgoing a buy-down and keeping the RECs. I chose to keep the RECs. In 2007, I received my first payment, of about $3,500, for the sale of RECs generated by my PV systems. Until the market for trading RECs is better established, I don't expect this to be a regular occurrence. I do believe that making the carbon-offset market accessible to the typical homeowner will cause a sea change in the attitude towards solar. Meanwhile, I can't quite understand the "experts" who say that solar is not yet cost effective.
Salvaged Materials Help Reduce Indoor Toxics
We tried to use the most resource-efficient building systems available, along with a lot of salvaged materials. The earth-bermed walls are made of insulated concrete forms (ICFs), which require 50 percent less concrete than conventional poured walls. We specified that all concrete use fly ash to replace at least 25 percent of the portland cement. This has the additional benefit of providing better electrical grounding in the otherwise nonconductive dry, sandy soil. Interior concrete slabs are finished with ferrous sulfate stain and water-based sealers. Staining was completed with the help of a number of friends, including the architects and their children.
The house uses salvaged and sustainable materials throughout, such as the strawbale material highlighted in this "truth window."
The main level of the house has strawbale walls, finished inside and out with sprayed earth, using site soil. Wood-frame exterior walls are constructed with wood certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or with wood salvaged from old trusses. All exterior sheathing is slats of stained fibercement board panels. These weather well in the high-ultraviolet environment. They're also fireproof, an important quality on the edge of an alpine forest. The roofs are of 10-inch structural R-45 insulated panels (SIPs). Salvaged fir 4-inch by 10-inch splines extend beyond the walls, supporting generous 4-foot overhangs that protect the walls from the sun. The roof design eliminates eave vents, another good thing in this fire-prone area and a feature now required under the new California fire code.
A great way to reduce indoor toxicity is to use old materials that have long since finished outgassing. We made structural beams from old airport hangar trusses; ceilings from vinegar barrel staves; paneling from the off-cuts of weathered beams; aluminum shade fins on the greenhouse from airplane wing flaps and ailerons; maple floors from an old schoolhouse; custom light fixtures from mining screen (with pebbles from the original purpose still lodged in place); and countertops from recycled glass (including old manganese glass turned purple by the desert sun). We used many salvaged doors; ore-cart wheels supporting railroad track beams at the terrace trellis; and old glass panels placed as shingles to create the Trombe wall. Each of these elements has a story of its own. Visitors pause, look and ask questions.
Builder Rick Walters of Sage Design/Build in Minden, Nev., told me he especially liked being able to recycle 50-year-old hangar trusses from the California airport where he learned to fly gliders in the 1970s. "A big problem with salvaging materials is bringing them from one climate for use in another," says Rick. "But because this old-growth wood had weathered in the Nevada desert, abandoned for more than 10 years, I was able to use a very stable material. We accommodated the shapes and sizes of wood to the house design with the owner and architect." By milling them on-site, Rick used the entire trusses with zero waste. The 6×6-inch Douglas fir was shaved on four sides to provide weathered "barn wood" for the home's entry, while the "heart" was milled to provide vertical-grain interior trim. The lesser-grade wood was used for framing. The horizontal component of the trusses became beams in the master bed and bath.
Interior paints and stains are low- or no-VOC (volatile organic compounds). We avoided using carpet and hard-to-clean floor surfaces, along with vinyl and PVC. One of my favorite moments came when I overheard the subcontractor who was installing one of the solid-surface countertops: "…strangest installation I've ever done. There were no toxic fumes. Even the glue they supply smells like wet dirt." Non toxic building materials are good, not just for the health of the building occupants, but also for the health of the folks who have to work with the materials during installation.
I wanted a house that fit in with its surroundings, and I've got it. Bear, deer, rabbits and quail feel at home on my green roofs. Raptors perch on the metal roof and songbirds use the breezeway for shelter during wind events. Even the wildlife approve.
Suzanne Johnson is a retired Intel executive, where she worked as an internet engineering manager. She now describes herself as a solar idealist.
Johnson House Highlights
Passive and active solar house designed by arkin tilt architects, arkintilt.com
280 square feet (26 meters) of solar hot water collectors provide water- and radiant space-heating: $12,000
Solar electric system includes a 4.7-kilowatt roof-integrated Unisolar array and a 2.8-kW AstroPower trellis-mounted custom, seasonally adjusted array: $49,000
Passive design features include solar orientation, sod roofs, daylighting, a greenhouse, concrete slabs and strawbale-ICF walls
Salvaged materials like old airport hangar trusses and recycled-glass countertops used throughout
Construction completed in 2005


Don't Step In It! is a skill-and-action game in which players put on some blindfolds and must step carefully across the included mat to dodge stepping in doggie doo. But don't worry, the game uses poo-colored Play-Doh compound and poo-shaped molds to create the faux dog doo to use. Although fair warning: stepping in it blindfolded definitely still gives you that same gross-out feel.
To set-up, use the four cans of compound to create five "poops" to place around the mat in different locations. Be sure whoever is going first isn't looking. Next, all players take off their socks and shoes.
The youngest player goes first. Put on a blindfold and have another player spin the spinner. Whatever number appears you must take at least that number of steps across the mat. If the spinner lands on an Add a Poop symbol, add a poop to the mat. If the spinner lands on a Remove a Poop symbol, remove a poop from the mat. If the spinner lands on a Rearrange all the poops symbol, rearrange them. If a player does not take the required number of steps they must start over. Keep going until you reach the other side. Then, remove the blindfold and count up the number of poops you stepped in. Place any poops stepped in back into the molds to reshape for the next player. Play continues until all players go. The player at the end that stepped in the least poops wins!
This is an easy-to-play game that is perfect for preschoolers (or anyone really) that loves the gross and silly potty humor of the game...just make sure they don't get any ideas about playing with real dog doo.
Don't Step In It! is for ages 4 and up from Hasbro. The game taps into the silly potty humor and fun of the current "poop" toy trend we are seeing in the market in 2018. Kids will love the laugh out loud antics it will bring. Parents be prepared to take your shoes off and get in on the fun.
Once a poop has been added or removed from the mat, it must stay like that for the next player.
If your foot gently touches the poop, it still counts.
There is enough compound included to make eight poop molds.
The game can also be played solo.


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E-Commerce Company Signifyd Raises $205 Million in Investor Funding
Signifyd Inc., a company that sells artificial intelligence-based e-commerce fraud protection software, has raised $205 million in new investor funding, as more companies use its software in an effort to improve the online shopping experience for customers during the pandemic.
The company announced the growth-equity financing Thursday, which was led by New York-based Owl Rock Capital and brings the company's total funding to date to about $400 million since it was founded in 2011. Signifyd says its valuation is now about $1.34 billion.
"We're seeing great demand," said Rajesh Ramanand, co-founder and chief executive of San Jose, Calif.-based Signifyd. Mr. Ramanand was formerly head of risk for emerging markets at PayPal Holdings Inc.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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← The Evolution of FIFA (Video Game)
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Video Assistant Referee – Good or Bad Move for Football?
Change they say, is one of the constant things in life.
However, there are some certain things that come with change. If you have been used to seeing one thing happen the same day all your life and someone pops in from nowhere and makes some modifications to that thing, it can be met with agreement or some sort of resistance and that's the dilemma we are expected to face in the wake of the newly launched VAR, or Video Assistant Referee, which was brought into the limelight in Spain's 2-0 victory over France.
For the benefit of those that didn't have the opportunity to watch the match, here are some extended highlights
It was a pretty straightforward game with two European juggernauts locking horns in a friendly encounter. The Spaniards opened the scoring after our very own Laurent Koscielny conceded a penalty, but this was after Antoine Griezmann had a goal that was rightly disallowed after the referee consulted with the video assistant referee in a remote location. Apparently, the referee and VAR could communicate via the headset but it was really awkward seeing how it panned out, as Griezmann and his teammates had exchanged hugs with the home fans celebrating what they thought was a goal, only for it to be ruled out when the ref finished his discussions with the VAR.
There were some time lag as the events elapsed but France took it on the chin and got on with the game. Later on, Gerard Deulofeu scored a goal for Spain but the linesman was swift to raise his flag like he had some eagle-eyed vision or something but the ref decided to consult his VAR who probably did some video playback and analysis which took up to one minute. Then he overturned the decision of his linesman and awarded what proved to be the match winning goal for Spain.
Didier Deschamps was magnanimous with his comments after the game,
"It is verified and it is fair, why not?. It changes our football a little. It is against us today, but if we have to go through this, it will be the same for everyone.
It is the evolution of football. That is how it will be."
Well, it's just a friendly game that didn't mean much to both sides, which was also a very good platform to use the VAR initiative, so it's all well and good, but would Deschamps had made the same comments if it was in the European Championship finals? It's one thing to have a goal disallowed when the game was tied at 0-0 and to top that, you were chasing the game at 0-1 then your opponent scores what is believed to be an offside goal, then it's overturned? Some Mourinhos *coughs* managers would go berserk.
The idea of the VAR worked its weight in gold in the game but there are other sides to it. Speaking in alignment with the initiative, the referee's decision making was spot on, as he accepted to use the aid of the VAR to help him with such a huge footballing decision as awarding a goal. We can talk about countless occasions where goals were wrongly given or ruled out, so having this option can prove very vital in order to maintain transparency in the beautiful game. At first glance of Deulofeu's effort, the linesman taught it was offside and did his job by raising his flag up. Many referees would have believed in their assistant's judgment 100% and award a free kick to France but VAR proved that it was a wrong decision.
This would help in subsequent decisions like goals, penalty decisions, red cards and of course, the rare case of Andre Marriner awarding Kieran Gibbs a red card for an error committed by Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain. These are very key decisions that affect the outcome of games, so it would be nice if the VAR continues to be used in this regard.
My only delta with this technology is the time wasting bit. It took the ref one whole minute, I mean, a frigging minute to decide whether he wanted to award the goal to Spain or give France an indirect free kick. What if the linesman was actually right and it was actually an offside? A whole minute would have wasted and we would have come to the same decision that we should have had 60 seconds ago. Another delta would be the technical knowledge of the so-called 'Video Assistant Referee' – would he be as useless as those touchline Champions League officials that would see Javi Martinez foul Theo Walcott blatantly as still act like they saw nothing?
In the end, the pluses seem to overshadow the deltas but its going to be interesting to see how football teams embrace this change.
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About enigma106
An Arsenal fan with a good sense of humor
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Posted on March 29, 2017, in Football and tagged Football. Bookmark the permalink.	Leave a comment.


KeyTREE will run on top of full copies of AutoCAD. If you do not have AutoCAD, don't worry as we offer KeyTREE LT Pro, a standalone version that includes its own AutoCAD (OEM) engine.
Quickly add multiple trees to your AutoCAD drawing by importing directly from your site survey data. Trees are inserted into the drawing and coloured according to their BS5837 category.
Define trees in your AutoCAD drawing by specifying the North, East South and West (NESW) canopy measurements. If necessary, use an eight point NESW to better represent the crown shape. You can offset the canopy from the stem location to represent windblown or leaning trees. Trees will be automatically coloured according to their BS5837 category rating. You can override these default display settings to control the appearance of the canopy, root and stem separately to meet your particular requirements.
Add trees in Google Earth and import your tree location and references directly into KeyTREE.
Export your tree information to Google Earth to share with others.
Author your tree data for use within BIM projects using the Export to IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) or Export to Revit. This allows you to publish your tree information and collaborate with others in the BIM project. This allows trees and associated data to be viewed in Revit, Navisworks and other BIM software applications.


Game of Thrones Actress Emilia Clarke was spotted on the Red Carpet wearing Dolce & Gabbana White Rose Print Dress in London at the Centerpoint Awards 2018. As part of the "All the Lover's Collection," this luxurious white & rose print dress is also available in a Mini-Me Look for Spring Summer 2018. Made in lightweight cotton, this pretty dress for Mini-me girls has an opulent rose print also seen in Dolce & Gabbana's adult collection. The full skirt has a tier of ruffles near the hem for extra volume and it fastens with a zip on the back. This pretty special occasion dress also comes in baby sizes for a little sister.


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View source for Summary of Rule Sets & Changes (1st edition)
← Summary of Rule Sets & Changes (1st edition)
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Make every day summer with the Soda Squad Summer backpack. It's fully lined, water resistant and has padded, sculpted, adjustable shoulder straps for your comfort. The padded laptop/tablet divider with fastening helps to keep valuables safe and the main compartment has plenty of space for your things. The side slip pocket fits a water bottle and it has 2 front zip pockets and 1 internal zip pocket. The bag also has an internal name and address label, padded back panel and base, branded zip pullers, badge and buckles.


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Watch Chasing the Rain (2020) Online
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For years, old wood carver Mr. Meacham has delighted local children with his tales of the fierce dragon that resides deep in the woods of the Pacific Northwest. To his…
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The Loveless
Trouble ensues when a motorcycle gang stops in a small southern town while heading to the races at Daytona.
The Rosary Murders (1987)
A killer of Detroit clergy confesses to a priest (Donald Sutherland), who turns sleuth because he cannot tell the police.


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Cinema & Arts
WHO chief says 'clear problem' poorer nations not getting COVID-19 vaccines yet
By The Indian Telegraph
WHO chief says 'clear problem' poorer nations not getting COVID-19 vaccines yet
Middle aged women should do for their health in 2021
India Begins Largest Covid Vaccination Drive 1.65 Lakh Get Shots On Day 1
Xiaomi blacklisted by the US government: 10 things you need to know
WhatsApp Halts Rollout Of Controversial Privacy Policy Update
The Indian Telegraphhttps://theindiantelegraph.com.au/
Established in 2007, The Indian Telegraph is a multi award winning digital media company based in Australia.
The head of the World Health Organization said on Friday there is a "clear problem" that low- and middle-income countries are not yet receiving supplies of COVID-19 vaccines.
"Rich countries have the majority of the supply," WHO director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus told a news briefing in Geneva, adding that he urged countries and manufacturers to stop making bilateral deals at the expense of the COVAX vaccine-sharing facility.
The WHO said earlier this week the COVAX facility had raised $6 billion of the $7 billion that it has sought in 2021 to help finance deliveries to 92 developing nations with limited or no means to buy vaccines on their own.
Until now, wealthier nations including Britain, European Union members, the United States, Switzerland and Israel have been at the front of the queue for vaccine deliveries from companies including Pfizer and partner BioNTech, Moderna and AstraZeneca.
Nearly 88 million people have been reported to be infected by the novel coronavirus globally and around 1.9 million have died, according to a Reuters tally.
Infections have been reported in more than 210 countries and territories since the first cases were identified in China in December 2019.
Cases have been surging in many countries in recent weeks, and Tedros said people needed to comply with restrictions and social distancing rules to check its advance.
"The virus is spreading at alarming rates in some countries," he said. "The problem is that not complying a bit becomes a habit. Not complying gives the virus opportunities to spread."
Previous articleSydney family catch VERY contagious strain of covid from South Africa
Next articleCoronavirus variants may lead to false negative results with molecular tests – FDA
Donald Trump Twitter ban sparks political debate in Australia over censorship concerns
The Indian Telegraph - January 12, 2021 0
A move by social media giants to ban US President Donald Trump has sparked renewed debate among politicians in Australia over whether the suspensions...
Grammy Awards 2021 postponed due to Covid concerns
The Indian Telegraph - January 6, 2021 0
Speaking to Variety last summer, interim Recording Academy president and CEO Harvey Mason Jr said that the initial plan around this year's Grammy ceremony...
China is making it harder to solve the mystery of how Covid began
The Indian Telegraph - December 31, 2020 0
In the year since seafood hawkers started appearing at Wuhan's hospitals sickened with a strange and debilitating pneumonia, the world has learned a lot...
South superstar Vijay Master become the highest grosser in pandemic times?
© The Indian Telegraph. All rights reserved.
Cinema & Arts1165


text:
Author : Michael Genovese
Publisher : Infobase Holdings, Inc
Download Encyclopedia of the American Presidency, Fourth Edition PDF Format Full Free by Michael Genovese and published by Infobase Holdings, Inc. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for the first edition: "An altogether excellent introduction to the study of the presidency of the United States..."-Library Journal "...entries are well written...an excellent addition."-American Reference Books Annual "...an excellent resource...recommended..."-Booklist "Highly recommended."-Choice The most up-to-date reference of its kind, Encyclopedia of the American Presidency, Fourth Edition is the definitive guide to the role of the president from the American Revolution through the present day. Offering a complete account of the presidency in U.S. history, this A-to-Z encyclopedia will make a great first stop for students and general readers looking for information on the executive branch of the American government. Its comprehensive scope spans the relationship between the executive and the other branches of government, court cases, elections, political opponents, scandals, and more. A valuable resource that provides concise information, Encyclopedia of the American Presidency, Fourth Edition contains more than 750 entries. Entries include: Bully pulpit Commander in chief Economic policy Executive privilege Kamala Harris Impeachment Iraq War Thomas Jefferson Middle East Military tribunals New Deal Oval Office Franklin D. Roosevelt Situation room Donald Trump Veto power War powers Watergate White House and more.
Author : Richard L. Wilson
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
Download American Political Leaders PDF Format Full Free by Richard L. Wilson and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents profiles of major figures in American politics, from Bella Abzug through Woodrow Wilson, arranged alphabetically, by area of activity, and by year of birth.
Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition
Author : Khosrow-Pour, D.B.A., Mehdi
Download Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition PDF Format Full Free by Khosrow-Pour, D.B.A., Mehdi and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-06-20 with total page 8104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, our world has experienced a profound shift and progression in available computing and knowledge sharing innovations. These emerging advancements have developed at a rapid pace, disseminating into and affecting numerous aspects of contemporary society. This has created a pivotal need for an innovative compendium encompassing the latest trends, concepts, and issues surrounding this relevant discipline area. During the past 15 years, the Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology has become recognized as one of the landmark sources of the latest knowledge and discoveries in this discipline. The Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition is a 10-volume set which includes 705 original and previously unpublished research articles covering a full range of perspectives, applications, and techniques contributed by thousands of experts and researchers from around the globe. This authoritative encyclopedia is an all-encompassing, well-established reference source that is ideally designed to disseminate the most forward-thinking and diverse research findings. With critical perspectives on the impact of information science management and new technologies in modern settings, including but not limited to computer science, education, healthcare, government, engineering, business, and natural and physical sciences, it is a pivotal and relevant source of knowledge that will benefit every professional within the field of information science and technology and is an invaluable addition to every academic and corporate library.
Encyclopedia of the American Presidency
Author : Leonard Williams Levy
Publisher : Macmillan Library Reference
Download Encyclopedia of the American Presidency PDF Format Full Free by Leonard Williams Levy and published by Macmillan Library Reference. This book was released on 1994 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of the American Presidency, Andrew Jackson through Theodore Roosevelt.
White House Studies Compendium
Author : Glenn P. Hastedt
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Download White House Studies Compendium PDF Format Full Free by Glenn P. Hastedt and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Presidency has become one of the most powerful offices in the world with the ascendency of American power in the 20th century.'White House Studies Compendium' brings together piercing analyses of the American presidency -- dealing with both currect issues and historical events.The compendia are the bound issues of 'White House Studies' with the addition of a comprehensive subject index.
Historical Dictionary of the Carter Era
Author : Diane Kaufman
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Download Historical Dictionary of the Carter Era PDF Format Full Free by Diane Kaufman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2013 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Historical Dictionary of the Carter Era covers the history of the Carter presidency through a chronology, an introductory essay, appendixes, an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has several hundred cross-referenced entries on important personalities, including the president, his advisors, his family, his opponents, and his critics, as well as members of Congress, military leaders, and international leaders. This book is a vital reference tool for any researcher interested in the presidency of Jimmy Carter.
Author : John R. Vile
Publisher : Ohio University Press
Download James Madison PDF Format Full Free by John R. Vile and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: James Madison: Philosopher, Founder, and Statesman presents fresh scholarship on the philosophical statesman who served as the nation's fourth president and who is often called both the father of the U.S. Constitution and the father of the Bill of Rights. These essays by historians and political scientists from the United States and abroad focus on six distinct aspects of Madison's life and work: his personality and development as a statesman; his work at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and contributions to larger constitutional design; his advocacy for the adoption of the Bill of Rights; his controversial role as a party leader; his presidency; and his life after leaving office. James Madison continues to be regarded as one of America's great political theorists, a man who devoted his life to, and who found fulfill- ment in, public service. His philosophical contributions remain vital to any understanding of the modern American polity. This book will be of great interest to political scientists and theorists, as well as to historians of early American history and politics.
Landmark Legislation 1774-2012
Author : Stephen W. Stathis
Publisher : CQ Press
Download Landmark Legislation 1774-2012 PDF Format Full Free by Stephen W. Stathis and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2014-01-02 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of this renowned treasure trove of information about the most important laws and treaties enacted by the U.S. Congress now deepens its historical coverage and examines an entire decade of new legislation. Landmark Legislation 1774-2012 includes additional acts and treaties chosen for their historical significance or their precedential importance for later areas of major federal legislative activity in the over 200 years since the convocation of the Continental Congress. Brand new chapters expand coverage to include the last five numbered Congresses (10 years of activity from 2003-2012), which has seen landmark legislation in the areas of health insurance and health care reform; financial regulatory reform; fiscal stimulus and the Temporary Asset Relief Program; federal support for stem cell research; reform of federal financial support for public schools and higher education; and much more. Features & Benefits: Each chapter covers one of the numbered Congresses with a historical essay, followed by the major acts of that Congress arranged in chronological order of passage – with each act summarized. A Finder's Guide summarizes all of the acts and treaties into approximately 40 separate topical policy areas. The work's extensive bibliography has been expanded and updated. This one-volume resource is a must-have for any public or academic library, especially those with strong American history or political science collections.
Author : Kay Ann Cassell
Publisher : American Library Association
Download Reference and Information Services PDF Format Full Free by Kay Ann Cassell and published by American Library Association. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to complement every introductory library reference course, this is the perfect text for students and librarians looking to expand their personal reference knowledge, teaching failsafe methods for identifying important materials by matching specific types of questions to the best available sources, regardless of format. Guided by a national advisory board of educators and practitioners, this thoroughly updated text expertly keeps up with new technologies and practices while remaining grounded in the basics of reference work. Chapters on fundamental concepts, major reference sources, and special topics provide a solid foundation; the text also offers fresh insight on core issues, including ethics, readers' advisory, information literacy, and other key aspects of reference librarianship;selecting and evaluating reference materials, with strategies for keeping up to date;assessing and improving reference services;guidance on conducting reference interviews with a range of different library users, including children and young adults;a new discussion of reference as programming;important special reference topics such as Google search, 24/7 reference, and virtual reference; anddelivering reference services across multiple platforms As librarians experience a changing climate for all information services professionals, in this book Cassell and Hiremath provide the tools needed to manage the ebb and flow of changing reference services in today's libraries.
Encyclopedia of Constitutional Amendments, Proposed Amendments, and Amending Issues, 1789–2015, 4th Edition [2 volumes]
Publisher : ABC-CLIO
Download Encyclopedia of Constitutional Amendments, Proposed Amendments, and Amending Issues, 1789–2015, 4th Edition [2 volumes] PDF Format Full Free by John R. Vile and published by ABC-CLIO. This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fourth edition and completely updated, this is the most comprehensive book on constitutional amendments and proposed amendments available. • Provides clear explanations of each of the 27 constitutional amendments that have been adopted throughout U.S. history as well as essays on the subjects of the thousands of other proposals that have been made • Articulates important issues involving the constitutional amending process • Outlines key proposals for more radical changes to the U.S. Constitution that have been introduced outside of Congress
Our American Government
Download Our American Government PDF Format Full Free by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The Reference Librarian's Bible: Print and Digital Reference Resources Every Library Should Own
Author : Steven W. Sowards
Download The Reference Librarian's Bible: Print and Digital Reference Resources Every Library Should Own PDF Format Full Free by Steven W. Sowards and published by ABC-CLIO. This book was released on 2018-07-26 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Divided into dedicated categories about the subjects most meaningful to librarians, this valuable resource reviews 500 texts across all major fields. • Critically assesses the most widely held reference titles • Includes LC and Dewey classifications for every title • Makes finding titles easy with organization by subject
United States Congressional Serial Set, 108th Congress, Serial No. 14829, House Documents No. 67-95
Author : United States. Congress. House of Representatives
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Download United States Congressional Serial Set, 108th Congress, Serial No. 14829, House Documents No. 67-95 PDF Format Full Free by United States. Congress. House of Representatives and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The Second Term of George W. Bush
Author : R. Maranto
Download The Second Term of George W. Bush PDF Format Full Free by R. Maranto and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-06-10 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second term presidencies are distinctive, not least as the president no longer has to run for re-election. Placing the second term of George W. Bush in comparative perspective, this fascinating book explores the political, institutional and policy implications of a second term. Combining topicality with analytical richness, this is an important resource for scholars and students.
Corruption and American Politics
Author : Michael A. Genovese
Publisher : Cambria Press
Download Corruption and American Politics PDF Format Full Free by Michael A. Genovese and published by Cambria Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the days of Athenian democracy to the back rooms of Chicago politics today, corruption has plagued all political systems for all time. It is ubiquitous, vexing, and at times, threatens the very fabric of society. No culture, no system of government, no code of ethics has been able to eliminate political corruption. While the United States generally ranks comparatively low in measures of political corruption (Transparency International rates the U.S. as the 18th "least" corrupt nation in the world, with Denmark at number one, New Zealand, second, and Sweden third, the U.K. 16, France 23, Spain 28, Israel 33, South Korea 40, Italy 55, Cuba 65, with Somalia last at 180), yet it too continues to confront the sting of political corruption. For something to count as political corruption in the United States, it must have a public impact, be a part of some violation of public trust. As such, another useful distinction can be drawn between individual corruption and systemic corruption. The former is individual wrongdoing. An officeholder on the take, a legislator who sells his vote, would be examples of "bad apples." Systemic corruption encompasses a broader sphere. Instead of bad apples, here you have a "bad system." The undermining of democratic legitimacy or equality might be considered examples of systemic corruption, as might campaign financing practices. Such corruption runs deeper than mere individual transgression. Corruption is embedded into the day-to-day operation of the system. In focusing on the individual, we often overlook the systemic. It is easier, and in the short run, more gratifying to catch, punish, and condemn an individual like Governor Blagojevich. Yet what of the systemic forces that led the governor to behave in such a manner? Is there undue systemic pressure to accumulate money, so much so that the system pushes politicians "over the edge"? A politician need not "sell" offices to enter into a Faustian bargain. It may be perfectly legal to collect campaign contributions, yet it may also have a corrosive or corrupting effect on the integrity of the democratic process. With so many issues of corruption swirling around in the current American political climate, it is timely that there is new scholarship that casts much-needed light on these systemic forces. The brilliant discussions by a stellar list of distinguished scholars, led by Michael A. Genovese and Victoria A. Farrar-Meyers, in the insightful edited volume, Corruption and American Politics, delivers the best and most up-to-date thinking by some of the finest political minds in the nation. This will be an essential resource for all collections in political science and American studies.
Don't Know Much About® the American Presidents
Author : Kenneth C. Davis
Publisher : Hachette UK
Download Don't Know Much About® the American Presidents PDF Format Full Free by Kenneth C. Davis and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2012-09-18 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Which president broke the law to prevent enslaved people from being freed? Who said, "When the president does it,that means it's not illegal"? Why does America have a president? From the heated debates among the framers of the Constitution in 1787 over an "elected king," to the creation of the presidency, and on through rich profiles of each man who has held the office, New York Times bestselling author Kenneth C. Davis takes readers on a guided tour of American history. Examining each chief executive, from the low lights to the bright lights, the memorable to the forgettable and the forgotten, Davis tells all the stories, offering rich anecdotes about real people. He also charts the history of the presidency itself, debunking myths and grading the presidents from A+ to F. For history buffs and history-phobes alike, this entertaining book may change your understanding of the highest office in the land throughout more than two hundred years of history.
An encyclopædia of agriculture ... Fourth edition, etc
Author : John Claudius Loudon
Download An encyclopædia of agriculture ... Fourth edition, etc PDF Format Full Free by John Claudius Loudon and published by . This book was released on 1839 with total page 1438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Flash Boys: A Wall Street Revolt
The Jew of Malta
White Night (The Dresden Files, #9)
Twice Bitten
Warlock at the Wheel and Other Stories
Il berretto a sonagli
My Dream of You
Shelby & Shauna Kitt and the Dimensional Holes
The Kremlin's Candidate (Red Sparrow Trilogy, #3)


The railway in the UK has been in operations for hundreds of years. Since 1995, there have been over 20 different train companies managing the network of railways, trains and tracks. All these companies work together under the main title "National Rail", with co-ordinated fares, tickets and information. There are train timetables available under the National Rail, with tickets and fares also available through the one website.
The best plae to check train times, fares and journey information is the main website www.nationalrail.co.uk. This shows all train operators along with times, timetables, fares and routes for all journeys. It is easy to use and has a journey planner to help you find how to get from one place to another using the trains.
Often, train tickets are quite expensive in the UK, and it can be better to book tickets a while in advance if possible. This way you are more likely to get a cheaper ticket. Most train lines recommend booking at least 12 weeks ahead if you want the best prices! Be aware that there are several money saving cards you can get for the trains, for students, older people and families who are travelling together. If you travel a lot by train, it can work out well to get one of the cards if you are eligible for it.


Use Restriction: Users are not allowed, without written permission, to copy and/or distribute any Champion Aerospace copyrighted materials from this World Wide Web (WWW) site. This Web site does not confer and shall not be considered as conferring upon anyone any license under any of Champion Aerospace or any third party's intellectual property rights.
Warranty Disclaimer: This web site and all of the information it contains are provided 'as is' without warranty of any kind, whether express or implied. All implied warranties, including, without limitation, implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement, are hereby expressly disclaimed.
Website Links: Third party website links are not endorsed in any way by Champion Aerospace. The content shared on these websites is not the responsibility of Champion Aerospace.
Limitation of Liabilities: Under no circumstances will Champion Aerospace be liable to any person or business entity for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential, or other damages based on any use of this web site or any other web site to which this site is linked, including without limitation, any lost profits, business interruption, or loss of programs or information, even if Champion Aerospace has been specifically advised of the possibility of such damages.
1. General. Unless otherwise specifically agreed in writing signed by an authorized employee of Champion Aerospace LLC (hereinafter "Seller"), these Terms and Conditions of Sale (Agreement) shall apply to all sales of goods ( "Products") by Seller.
or additional terms or conditions contained therein are expressly objected to by Seller.
by Seller shall be deemed to constitute such assent by Buyer.
to the appropriate taxing authority. Any changes as may occur on or prior to dates of shipment in applicable tariffs, freight rates or transportation charges and any prepayment by Seller of freight charges shall be for the account of Buyer and shall be paid by Buyer with and in addition to the purchase price. Any special handling requested by Buyer will be at its expense.
law, if lower. Should it be necessary for Seller to institute formal proceedings to collect any past due amounts from Buyer, Seller shall be entitled to recover its attorney fees and other costs associated with the proceedings.
reimbursement for its reasonable and proper cancellation charges. The rights of Seller under this paragraph are cumulative and in addition to all rights available to Seller at law or in equity.
Shipping dates are approximate and are based upon conditions existing upon Seller's receipt of Buyer's firm order and full information. Seller will, in good faith, endeavor to ship by the estimated shipping date but shall not be responsible for any delay or any damage arising therefrom.
It is agreed that time is not of the essence.
Buyer waives its right to revoke acceptance, it being the intent of the parties that Buyer's remedies for any nonconformity detected after acceptance be limited to those expressly provided herein for breach of warranty.
of the delay, then either party may, by written notice, cancel the portion of the order which is delayed and in such event Buyer shall pay to Seller reasonable cancellation charges.
(b) any product that has been improperly installed or maintained; or (c) any product that has been operated beyond normal or recommended replacement intervals or wear limits. Seller's obligation under this warranty is limited to the replacement of, or at Seller's option, the return of the purchase price of any Product which is returned to Seller or its designated representative (at Buyer's expense) within one (1) year from the date of purchase and which, upon inspection by Seller, is found by Seller to be defective in material or workmanship. Seller shall not be responsible for the cost of labor for removing any defective product or installing any replacement product.
AIRCRAFT INCORPORATING THE PRODUCTS; AND ANY OBLIGATION, LIABILITY, RIGHT, CLAIM OR REMEDY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO ANY AIRCRAFT.
9. Exclusivity of remedy: limitation of liability. If Seller breaches any of its obligations under this Agreement, whether the breach is one of warranty or for any cause whatsoever, whether in contract or in tort, including negligence, Seller may request the return of the products and tender to Buyer the purchase price theretofore paid by Buyer and, in such event, Seller shall have no further obligations to Buyer except to refund such purchase price upon redelivery of the products. If Seller so requests the return of the products, Buyer shall redeliver the products to Seller in accordance with Seller's instructions at Seller's expense.
BUYER, WHETHER THE CLAIM IS MADE IN TORT OR IN CONTRACT, INCLUDING CLAIMS BASED ON WARRANTY, NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, DECEIT, FRAUD, MISREPRESENTATION OR OTHERWISE.
PRODUCTS EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCTS. THIS CLAUSE SHALL SURVIVE FAILURE OF AN EXCLUSIVE REMEDY.
Buyer agrees at its own expense to undertake the defense of any suit against Seller brought upon such claim or claims.
subject to the above limitations, said Products, or any part thereof, should be finally held in suit to constitute an infringement, Seller shall have the right at its own expense either (I) to procure for Buyer rights to the patent, or (II) to modify or replace said Product with a non-infringing Product accomplishing the same purposes as the replaced Product, or (III) to withdraw such Product and refund to Buyer the purchase price thereof. Seller shall have the right to settle any claim at its own expense (I) by procuring for Buyer the right to continue using said Product without liability for infringement of such patent, or (II) by modifying or replacing said Product with a non-infringing Product accomplishing the same purposes as the replaced Product, or (III) by removing said Product and refunding to Buyer the purchase price thereof. Buyer's remedies for damages resulting from the infringement or claimed infringement of any patent by the Products are exclusively limited to the provisions of this paragraph.
11. Cancellation. Under no circumstances may buyer cancel any order.
12. Assignment. Buyer shall not assign this Agreement, or any rights therein, without the prior written consent of Seller.
13. Waiver. The waiver by Seller of any term, provision, or condition hereof shall not constitute a waiver of any other term, provision, or condition hereof, nor shall such waiver be deemed a waiver of a subsequent breach of the same term or condition.
15. Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement, or parts thereof, shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
be brought more than one (1) year after the cause of action accrued.
not, in any way, be restricted from selling any Products to any third party.
to supplement or explain any terms used in this Agreement.
Champion Aerospace LLC is committed to complying with Section 1502 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("the Dodd-Frank Act"), and is implementing a comprehensive and robust due diligence process to meet our obligations.
Champion Aerospace LLC will require suppliers to annually complete a statement detailing their position on this issue.


text:
Hull, Middlesbrough, Sunderland relegated from Premier League
May 17, 2017 By Robert Lincoln Leave a Comment
EPL 2016-17 season is almost over. The champion has been confirmed. The UEFA Champions League spots and the UEFA Europa League spots have been almost confirmed. The relegated teams too have been finalized. Hull City, Middlesbrough and Sunderland have been relegated from the top tier competition of English football. They will play in the Championship next season. All 3 of them had a disappointing season in the league this year.
Sunderland : The Black Cats have finished in the very last position. David Moyes and his team couldn't perform worse in the EPL and that's why they will play in the Championship next season. They have just won 6 out of their 36 league games so far and got defeated on 24 occasions. They have conceded a total of 62 goals till date and scored just 28 in whole season. They earned only 24 points which is quite shocking.
Middlesbrough : The 'Boro finishes on 19th position. They just bagged 28 points from their 37 games so far. Steve Agnew's lads have won just 5 times and had to face the downfall no less than 19 times. They conceded 50 goals till date and netted just 27. They will take part in the Championship in the upcoming campaign.
Hull City : The Hull tigers finishes on 18th rank in the league ladder just behind Swansea City. They bagged 34 points with just a match to go. They have conceded 73 goals, the most in this year's league and managed to put it in the oppositions' net on 36 occasions. Marco Silva's guys won just 9 matches but tasted the defeat 21 times.


Contributing photographer Jason of disneygeek.com sends us these photos from his trip to the parks on Friday, January 5, 2018. In this post there's a look at the Three Kings Day Celebration in Disney California Adventure, as well as some new Star Wars Galaxy's Edge Merchandise & Trading Cards in the Star Wars Launch Bay. For my full picture set visit disneygeek.com For Dia de Reyes (Three Kings Day) a small cart/sign has been added to the left of the entrance to Paradise Gardens.
The area right next to Boardwalk Pizza & Pasta had a photo op and arts/crafts for Three Kings Day.
Coloring and stickers at the tables.
A sign talking about the holiday.
There were also crowns available to decorate.
Caught the 2:30pm Three Kings Day Storytellers performance.
Video of the Three Kings Day Storytellers. I missed some of the beginning because I was waiting for a seat to become available.
Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge Merchandise is now available inside the Star Wars Launch Bay as well as Star Traderes. Here are some pictures from the Launch Bay.
A couple new Lego statues have been added from the Star Wars: The Last Jedi in the Launch Bay.
Trading cards for Star Wars Galaxy's Edge are being passed out inside the Star Wars Launch Bay. Here is a look at the pack I received.
The reverse side of the cards forms a map of Batuu.


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Welcome to our Dinner, Auction & Golf Tournament Registration Page. If you're visiting this page to purchase tickets or entries for our event, please all 541-318-4950 as the open registration period has ended. Thank you for your support!
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Nearly all of my patients ask me when we first meet, "How can I lose this weight?" A full one-third of these women have been on one diet or another for as long as they can remember. This habitual dieting generally keeps women at a manageable weight until they enter perimenopause and menopause.
I hear stories all the time about weight gain that suddenly appears during this transition (especially around the stomach) and simply refuses to come off, no matter what my patients eat or how much they exercise. Their personal history of dieting, along with a feeling of being out of control, sends them running to the latest trendy diet, only to be disappointed again and again.
And they are not alone. At the Women to Women Health Care Center, I see patients of all ages who struggle with weight as their central health concern. In most cases, they feel guilty or angry at themselves about the way they look. They are anxious to "fix" themselves with dieting and often are willing to overlook their long-term health in trying the latest diet craze or products advertised in the media. Many of these programs just set you up for failure because they are deprivation-based and lack a maintenance program.
From Dean Ornish to Jenny Craig to Atkins to South Beach, there have been scores of new diets promising universally quick results. There is now a "low-carb" version of our favorite snacks to take the place of the "fat-free" foods that used to be fashionable. Women are inundated daily with conflicting information about what, how much, and when to eat. Multiply that by the very real hunger signals our bodies send us, and by the comfort and enjoyment inherent in the act of eating, and who wouldn't feel confused?
I feel that this is the perfect time to give you my thoughts on what I have come to refer to as the "diet culture." Many are aware that just as advertisers aim at the "youth culture" in America, there are many companies whose sole purpose is to market to those who are anxious to lose weight. What they won't tell you is that only 3-4 % of dieters will succeed in keeping that weight off after a year. It's no wonder the diet industry can sell us something new every year!
There are many reasons why yo-yo and fad dieting don't work — and may even do more harm than good. Let's take a look at these reasons, and then talk about how you can lose weight in a healthy way and keep it off permanently.
I consider excess weight gain to be one of many symptoms that indicate an underlying biochemical imbalance in my patients. Although fad diets address this symptom in the short term (meaning that if a person follows the plan, they will initially lose some weight), they do not address the root cause, which is often some kind of metabolic dysfunction or hormonal imbalance.
Over the years, I have seen repeatedly that dieting is not the key to long-term weight loss — the real key is a healthy metabolism supported by a balanced hormonal state.
How does a woman's body get out of balance? The reasons are as varied and unique as each woman. Each one of us gains, loses, and maintains weight at certain points in our lives for a variety of physiological, cultural or emotional reasons.
This simple fact is something the diet professionals aren't anxious to reveal because it is simpler to sell us a one-size-fits-all plan. These diets may work to a degree in some people, but for a lot of women fad dieting without an understanding of their underlying biochemistry only leads to a yo-yo cycle and more weight gain.
Why is Weight Gain Different for Women?
Isn't it frustrating to watch the pounds peel off your husband or mate while we struggle to lose even a few? Why do men seem to lose weight more quickly than women? It's an evolutionary thing! Men's bodies are trained by evolution to have strength and speed. They have a different muscle-to-fat ratio in their bodies, which makes it easier for them to speed up their metabolism and burn fat. Women, on the other hand, are hard-wired to reproduce. They keep an insulating layer of fat on their bodies that men don't have. (on the upside, women also live longer!) In addition, fat is essential for the production and storage of reproductive hormones. Progesterone production begins with an adequate level of cholesterol in the blood. Women don't lose weight rapidly because they are genetically programmed that way — it has nothing to do with willpower!
Additionally, the erratic hormonal fluctuations that can occur in perimenopause and menopause may cause weight gain and a change in body shape in some women. This is due to vacillating levels of estrogens and progesterone. For more detailed information on these changes, please visit our library of articles – there are many that further explain this phenomenon. Some women report experiencing strong food cravings at this time, which can be a symptom of declining progesterone levels. Once hormone levels reach a new equilibrium it becomes easier to lose extra weight.
What if You've Tried Everything and Still Can't Lose Weight?
In my years of experience, I have seen a few underlying conditions in my patients that make losing weight on a popular diet plan particularly difficult. Here is a summary of these problems.
We touch on the intricate link between weight and the adrenal glands in our article "Natural Weight Loss," but because adrenal depletion is so widespread, and because adrenal health so critical to losing stubborn pounds, I want to include it at the top of this list. The adrenals release an important hormone called cortisol, which is often described as the stress hormone and is related to adrenaline, the more familiar adrenal hormone, and to your serotonin levels (see below). Too-high or too-low levels of cortisol in the blood can be a major cause of weight gain and the inability to lose that unwanted weight. For more information on adrenal function and adrenal exhaustion, see our extensive list of articles in our Adrenal Health section.
While carbohydrates are an absolutely necessary component of a balanced diet, many of us become increasingly sensitive to them as we grow older. Overconsumption of simple carbohydrates (like those found in white bread, candy, soda, white rice, and many breakfast cereals) creates a rollercoaster effect on your appetite: you feel energized and sated for a little while as your insulin spikes, only to crash a few hours later when your blood sugar drops precipitously. This low blood sugar triggers the brain to send out hunger signals again, which can cause you to overeat and gain weight. For some of us, this rollercoaster feels like a gentle ride. Others who are more sensitive experience steeper crests and valleys. If this sensitivity is not treated with a diet lower in carbohydrates and sugar, it can evolve into excessive weight gain and a larger metabolic concern called insulin resistance, a pre-diabetic condition in which cells becomes inured to insulin and the pancreas is triggered to produce ever-increasing levels. For more information, see our articles on insulin resistance.
Serotonin is just one of a host of neurotransmitters secreted by the brain that regulate mood, attention, and energy levels. Ongoing stress can deplete your serotonin reserves, leading to intense food cravings — particularly for the refined carbohydrates that when eaten mimic the sense of well-being created by serotonin. In some women, this state of serotonin depletion becomes chronic. Persistent low serotonin levels lead to plummeting energy levels — particularly in the late afternoon — bouts of depression, and compulsive eating. Low serotonin levels can be detected through testing. To learn more about raising serotonin levels naturally, read our article on Antidepressants.
Colonies of excessive Candida (yeast), bacteria, or intestinal parasites in the digestive tract can make it very difficult to lose weight. Many doctors do not test for these organisms. There are several tests you can order to determine whether you have parasites. For women who have yeast overgrowth, eliminating yeast and sugars for a period of time can restore balance to the digestive tract, allowing weight loss to occur naturally. Women often need to use supplements or probiotics to eradicate the yeast or parasites, but once this is accomplished they begin to lose the unwanted weight.
Similarly, allergies and sensitivities to certain foods can create a dysfunctional metabolism. Frequently these sensitivities crop up in adulthood and manifest themselves in easily overlooked ways, for example, stomach and intestinal upset, headaches, insomnia, lethargy, joint aches, and rashes. If we suspect a patient has a food sensitivity, we recommend an elimination diet. We eliminate potential allergens for two weeks, then reintroduce them for a day and test for reactions. If reactions do occur we recommend staying away from the offending food for at least four months and then cautiously reintroducing it.
Sometimes a patient will present with only one of these nagging weight gain factors; more often women will have a combination. Most of my patients had no idea that their bodies were out of balance until they began to feel symptoms of perimenopause and menopause. In many of my patients, I find that their metabolism is frozen from years of fad dieting. Once they modify their diets and get further treatment customized to their particular issues, their metabolism heals and they are able to lose weight — gradually, safely and permanently.
Popular diets do work for some people. However, I remind my patients that studies show the average weight loss after one year on some of these diets is just five pounds — and that includes men! Still, we keep trying. At any point in time, 44% of the women in this country are on some kind of aggressive diet.
And still more information keeps coming. There is increasing evidence that weight loss is linked with having a ready supply of calcium and vitamin D in our systems. There is also a controversial connection promoting human growth hormone (hGH) and the ability to put on lean muscle mass. Much needs to be learned before we can say for sure how these elements factor into our own biology, but it is interesting to note how rapidly our knowledge is growing.
So what does work? I have found through years of my patients' — and my own — trials and tribulations that paying attention to a woman's individual body chemistry and her emotional history leads to successful, long-term health and weight loss.
Still, there are many women out there who may not have immediate access to alternative healthcare professionals and are unsuccessfully trying to lose weight. For those women experimenting with over-the-counter diets, I've provided an overview of what I see as pros and cons of the most popular choices available.
In general, I prefer those diets that encourage a balanced ratio of protein, fat and carbohydrates in every meal. I am more inclined to suggest the Schwarzbein Principle I and II or the Metabolic Typing diets because, along with their balanced food plan, they advance the concept that each person has different factors that contribute to their ability to lose weight.
My point of view results from over 30 years of experience with women and weight, and it is rooted in the belief that eating well and often is a necessary, enjoyable, and healthful act. Over the years I have adapted my recommended Lifestyle and Nutritional Guidelines to reflect the healthful eating and lifestyle habits that lead a majority of women to hormonal balance, sustained weight loss, and overall well-being.
As important as eating a healthy diet is that you learn to accept yourself for who you are and ultimately love yourself. The body you have is the most valuable house you'll ever own. Your personal blueprint is a treasure map to natural weight loss and lifelong health that no popular or radical diet can ever replicate. Whenever you are at odds with your own best interests on dieting, I hope you will revisit our article on natural weight loss and the nutrition and lifestyle guidelines for a refresher.
I try to keep the ideas of moderation and mindfulness in focus when I talk to my patients about any choice, be it food, exercise, commitments, or work. While I do recommend watching what you eat, I think it is more important to encourage you to listen to your body.
Get to know yourself. Learn what triggers your cravings. For many women, outgrowing a few bad habits (like drinking soda pop) or starting to exercise can be the catalyst for positive change in the rest of their lives. First and foremost, I want you to get nutrition and enjoyment out of every meal; then you can concern yourself with any extra pounds.
Balance is something we can create in all aspects of our lives, and in the process, guess what? We can lose weight, gain perspective and, certainly, look ahead to many years of good health.


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text:
A few steps closer to answering the unanswered questions about higher calorie refeeding
Andrea K. Garber1
Refeeding is the first step in long-term nutritional rehabilitation of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). It may begin in the outpatient setting or in the hospital, if close medical and/or psychiatric monitoring is needed. In either case, early weight gain appears to be crucial for recovery. In hospital, faster weight gain [1] and higher weight upon discharge [2, 3] predict weight recovery at 1 year. In outpatient psychotherapy, substantial early gain (at least 0.43–0.86 kg/week during the first 4 weeks) predicts both weight and cognitive recovery at 12 months [4]. The importance of weight gain, however, must be balanced with the need for safety. Around the time of World War II, deaths were documented during refeeding in prisoners of war and the refeeding syndrome was first described [5, 6]. These sobering reports launched a 60-year period of extremely conservative approaches, with consensus-based recommendations for AN beginning around 1200 cal per day (kcal/d) and advancing slowly by 200 kcal every other day [7–9]. During the decades that this "start low and go slow" approach has been the standard of care in AN, only a handful of cases of the refeeding syndrome have been reported and this has been lauded as an indication of the safety. However, recent studies linking LCR to poor weight gain [10–12] and prolonged hospital stays [11, 12] have contributed to recognition of the "underfeeding syndrome" [13] and spurred interest in Higher Calorie Refeeding (HCR).
There is no consensus as of yet on the definition of HCR, and clinical approaches vary widely. Nevertheless, it is clearly a "hot topic": 85% of the refeeding studies published from 2010 to 2015 started with higher calories than recommended (≥1400 kcal/d) [14]. This issue of the Journal of Eating Disorders is on the frontline of this movement. The studies published in this issue share core attributes: all three are retrospective chart reviews examining short-term, meal-based refeeding in moderately malnourished [75–85% of median Body Mass Index (mBMI)] adolescents (ages 14–16 on average), who were diagnosed with eating disorders and hospitalized for medical stabilization. However, several unique features further our understanding by addressing important unanswered questions.
Is HCR safe? No study to date has established the safety of a refeeding approach, and perhaps no study could ever truly do so, since a massive study population would be required to examine the full spectrum of features of the rarely occurring refeeding syndrome. Thus, we must continue to use very careful language around safety, acknowledging that electrolyte shifts are at best only early indicators of the risk for development of the refeeding syndrome. This was the focus of Maginot et al., who compared serum phosphorus, potassium and magnesium during refeeding on LCR (starting around 1185 kcal/d and advancing by about 90 kcal/d) versus HCR (starting at 1781 kcal/d on average and advancing by about 100 kcal/d). Among 89 participants, the authors found no association between starting kcal prescription and hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia or hypomagnesaemia in the first 72 h. Another unique aspect of this study was its subanalysis of severely malnourished patients: almost 30% of the study population was admitted with mBMI < 75%. Only two prior studies of HCR have had sufficient sample sizes to do this (as reviewed in ref 14), both reporting higher rates of refeeding hypophosphatemia in such patients. Maginot et al.s' finding that admission %mBMI (not kcal prescription) was the best predictor of hypophosphatemia is consistent with the current evidence [15] and warrants continued caution when refeeding severely malnourished patients.
Is HCR appropriate for all eating disorder patients? The 5th Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) has improved the accuracy and broadened the range of eating disorder diagnoses [16]. This shift is reflected in the hospitalized population: more than one-third of the 215 participants in the Peebles et al. study were diagnosed with eating disorders other than AN, including Bulimia Nervosa (BN), Avoidant and Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), Atypical AN (AAN), Purging Disorder or Unspecified Food and Eating Disorder (UFED). This study took a unique quality improvement perspective, providing a detailed description of a multi-system refeeding approach including parents. Starting with an average of 1466 kcal and advancing by 233 kcal/d, all groups gained significant weight during the average 11 day hospital stay and this was sustained in the 74% of participants who followed-up at 4 weeks. This finding demonstrates that the program's approach to refeeding is consistent with their non- weight-biased belief that all patients who are medically compromised to the point of meeting hospital admission criteria should gain initial weight, regardless of specific diagnosis.
Does HCR lead to better outcomes? Relapse in the first year of recovery is common: up to 43% of patients will require medical rehospitalization within 12 months of discharge [17]. Practitioners have voiced understandable concerns that the shorter hospitalizations associated with rapid refeeding could create a "revolving door" of frequent rehospitalizations. The study by Smith et al. is the first to examine the relationship between the caloric level of refeeding and outcomes beyond the hospital stay. Participants were refed beginning around 1585 kcal/d and advanced variably to achieve a weight regain of 130–200 g per day (average advancement was 146 kcal/d). In 4 weeks, 70% of the 129 participants followed-up and 9% were readmitted. In growth models, faster caloric advancement was associated with greater weight gain in hospital but not weight at 4-week follow-up or readmission. While this finding may disappoint those who hoped that HCR would produce better post-hospital outcomes, it should be viewed as a positive sign that equally good mid-term recovery may be achieved over a shorter hospital stay using HCR.
Future directions – The studies highlighted here break new ground and point to several priority areas for future studies of refeeding. The first priority must be safety. Fortunately, no study of HCR to date (including the three here) has reported a case of the refeeding syndrome. However, this should not be misinterpreted to mean that HCR carries no risk. In fact, about half of the participants in both the Maginot et al. and Smith et al. studies developed hypophosphatemia. Thus, the collective research supports the feasibility of HCR in the highly controlled hospital setting with close medical monitoring and electrolyte replacement. Even within these settings, wide variations in approaches to care may explain disparate findings, such as the 77% of the participants in Maginot et al. who required electrolyte correction, compared to only 14.2% in Peebles et al. A second priority for future investigations is to follow the example of the present studies and describe feeding protocols in detail (Peebles et al. set the high bar here). Two-thirds of "refeeding" studies published from 2010 to 2015 failed to provide basic information such as caloric level [14], which hampers interpretation and reproducibility of findings. Third, future studies should further extend the 4-week follow-up period of Smith et al. and Peebles et al. to examine longer-term outcomes of refeeding. Any such proposals would be well supported by a large scale Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) showing that long hospital stays do not improve 1-year recovery rates in AN [18]. On that note, all of these research priorities could be simultaneously addressed with well-designed RCTs that directly compare approaches to feeding. RCTs would also address the problem of selection bias, whereby physicians tend to prescribe LCR to more malnourished patients. This problem has plagued our own work [10, 11] and was likely at play in Maginot et al., where the LCR group tended to have lower admit weight than the HCR group. Without randomization, such bias is nearly unavoidable, since the decision to exercise caution with more malnourished patients is indeed evidenced-based [15]. The tremendous amount of time and resources that such RCTs will require may seem daunting, but to skip this crucial step in scientific inquiry and adopt HCR as the new standard of care for AN would be to risk embarking on another 65 years of consensus-based (rather than evidence-based) care. Our patients deserve more! Bravo to the authors highlighted here for paving the way.
HCR:
Higher calorie refeeding
LCR:
Lower Calorie Refeeding
mBMI:
median Body Mass Index
RCT:
Lund BC, Hernandez ER, Yates WR, et al. Rate of inpatient weight restoration predicts outcome in anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2009;42:301–5.
Baran SA, Weltzin TE, Kaye WH. Low discharge weight and outcome in anorexia nervosa. Am J Psychiatry. 1995;152:1070–2.
Lock J, Litt I. What predicts maintenance of weight for adolescents medically hospitalized for anorexia nervosa? Eat Disord. 2003;11:1–7.
Le Grange D, Accurso EC, Lock J, et al. Early weight gain predicts outcome in two treatments for adolescent anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2014;47:124–9.
Schnitker MA, Mattman PE, Bliss TL. A clinical study of malnutrition in Japanese prisoners of war. Ann Intern Med. 1951;35:69–96.
Keys A, Brozek K, Henschel A, Mickelsen O, Taylor HL. The biology of human starvation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press; 1950.
Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with eating disorders (revision). American Psychiatric Association Work Group on Eating Disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157 Suppl 1:1-39.
American Psychiatric Association. Treatment of patients with eating disorders, third edition. American Psychiatric Association. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163 Suppl 7:4–54.
American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrition intervention in the treatment of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and other eating disorders. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006;106:2073–82.
Garber AK, Michihata N, Hetnal K, et al. A prospective examination of weight gain in hospitalized adolescents with anorexia nervosa on a recommended refeeding protocol. J Adolesc Health. 2012;50:24–9.
Garber AK, Mauldin K, Michihata N, et al. Higher calorie diets increase rate of weight gain and shorten hospital stay in hospitalized adolescents with anorexia nervosa. J Adolesc Health. 2013;53:579–84.
Golden NH, Keane-Miller C, Sainani KL, et al. Higher caloric intake in hospitalized adolescents with anorexia nervosa is associated with reduced length of stay and no increased rate of refeeding syndrome. J Adolesc Health. 2013;53:573–8.
MARSIPAN Working Group. Management of Really Sick Patients with Anorexia Nervosa. Available at: http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/pdf/CR189_a.pdf. Accessed 25 June 2012.
Garber AK, Sawyer SM, Golden NH, et al. A systematic review of approaches to refeeding in patients with anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2016;49:293–310.
Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Refeeding hypophosphatemia in hospitalized adolescents with anorexia nervosa: a position statement of the society for adolescent health and medicine. J Adolesc Health. 2014;55:455–7.
Ornstein RM, Rosen DS, Mammel KA, et al. Distribution of eating disorders in children and adolescents using the proposed DSM-5 criteria for feeding and eating disorders. J Adolesc Health. 2013;53:303–5.
Steinhausen HC, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M, Boyadjieva S, et al. Course and predictors of rehospitalization in adolescent anorexia nervosa in a multisite study. Int J Eat Disord. 2008;41:29–36.
Madden S, Miskovic-Wheatley J, Wallis A, et al. A randomized controlled trial of in-patient treatment for anorexia nervosa in medically unstable adolescents. Psychol Med. 2015;45:415–27.
AG was the sole contributor to writing this manuscript.
Dr. Garber is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics in the Division of Adolescent Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and Chief Nutritionist for the Adolescent and Young Adult Eating Disorders Program at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital. She earned her PhD in Human and Clinical Nutrition at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and RD (Registered Dietitian) from UCSF. She teaches and trains medical and graduate students, pediatric residents, and fellows in adolescent medicine and child psychiatry through her role in the Leadership Education in Adolescent Health program at UCSF and a Maternal Child Health-Nutrition training program in collaboration with the School of Public Health at UC Berkeley. She also teaches in the classroom, as the Nutrition Theme Director for the UCSF School of Medicine. Her research focuses on eating disorders. She is the Principal Investigator on two NIH-funded studies of refeeding in adolescents with anorexia nervosa and co-Investigator on a UC system-wide effort to coordinate electronic medical record data. In the past, she has been active public health nutrition research on fast food and California's menu labeling legislation. In the community, Dr. Garber has been a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors Childhood Obesity Task Force, co-Chair of the Mayor's Shape Up initiative, and an invited participant to Governor Schwarzenegger's Obesity Summit.
The author declares that she has no competing interests.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, 3333 California St., Suite 245, Box 0503, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
Andrea K. Garber
Correspondence to Andrea K. Garber.
Garber, A.K. A few steps closer to answering the unanswered questions about higher calorie refeeding. J Eat Disord 5, 8 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-017-0139-1
Refeeding
High calorie
Nutritional rehabilitation
Refeeding syndrome
Nutritional rehabilitation/ refeeding in people with anorexia nervosa


Job 12:10 The life of every living thing is in His hand, as well as the breath of all mankind.
Every living creature is in the hands of God.
It is God who directs the lives of his creatures; everyone's life is in his power.
and that the life of every living thing rests in his control, along with the breath of every living human being?
in whose hand is the life of every living thing, and the breath of all humankind?
The life of every living creature and the spirit in every human body are in his hands.
In his hand is the soul of every living thing and the spirit of all flesh of man.
Whereas the life of all living things is in his hand, and the breath of every man.
So I took all this to heart and concluded that the righteous and the wise, as well as their deeds, are in God's hands. Man does not know what lies ahead, whether love or hate.
Verse 10. - In whose hand is the soul of every living thing. A brief summary of what had been said in vers. 7, 8, to which is now appended the further statement, that in God's hand - wholly dependent on him - is the entire race of mankind also. And the breath of all mankind; literally, and the spirit of all flesh of man.


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