text:
import inspect
import twocode.utils.string
import functools
import textwrap
from twocode.utils.code import format_exception_only
from twocode import utils
import io

def func_gen(f):
    def wrap(*args, **kwargs):
        def wrapped():
            return f(*args, **kwargs)
        return wrapped
    return wrap
def code_arg(name=None):
    raw = "raw" if not name else "raw_" + name
    def wrap(f):
        format = lambda code: twocode.utils.string.dedent(code).strip().replace("\t", " " * 4)
        @functools.wraps(f)
        def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
            if not name:
                if args:
                    code = args[0]
                    code = format(code)
                    args = [code] + list(args[1:])
            else:
                if name in kwargs:
                    code = kwargs[name]
                    code = format(code)
                    kwargs[name] = code
            if raw in kwargs:
                code = kwargs[raw]
                if not name:
                    args = [code] + list(args[1:])
                else:
                    kwargs[name] = code
                del kwargs[raw]
            return f(*args, **kwargs)
        return wrapped
    return wrap

from twocode import Twocode
context = Twocode()
# context.declare("T", context.obj.Class())

@func_gen
@code_arg()
@code_arg("result")
def cmp(code, result=None, macro=True):
    if result is None: result = code
    reflect = str(context.parser.parse(code))
    assert context.parser.parser.num_parses == 1, "Parse of {} not unique".format(repr(code))
    assert reflect == result, "Expected {}, got {}".format(repr(result), repr(reflect))
    if not macro:
        return
    code, result = "macro {}".format(code), "macro {}".format(result)
    obj = context.eval(context.parse(code), type="stmt")
    obj = context.shell_repr(obj)
    assert obj == result, "Expected {}, got {}".format(repr(result), repr(obj))
@func_gen
@code_arg()
def fails(code, error=None):
    try:
        context.parse(code)
    except Exception as exc:
        if not error:
            return
        if type(exc).__name__ == error:
            return
        msg = format_exception_only(exc).rstrip()
        if msg == error:
            return
        raise Exception("Expected {} to raise\n{}\ngot\n{}".format(repr(code), textwrap.indent(error, " " * 4), textwrap.indent(msg, " " * 4)))
    raise Exception("Expected {} to raise{}".format(repr(code), "\n{}".format(textwrap.indent(error, " " * 4)) if error else " an exception"))
@func_gen
@code_arg()
def compiles(code):
    context.parse(code)
@func_gen
@code_arg()
def parses(code, result):
    buffer = list(context.parser.lexer.parse(code))
    tokens_repr = " ".join(str(token) for token in buffer)
    assert tokens_repr == result, "Expected {}, got {}".format(result, tokens_repr)
@func_gen
@code_arg()
@code_arg("result")
def evals(code, result=None):
    if result is None: result = code
    obj = context.eval(context.parse(code), type="stmt")
    obj = context.call(context.operators.repr, ([obj], {}))
    obj = context.unwrap(obj)
    assert obj == result, "Expected {}, got {}".format(repr(result), repr(obj))
@func_gen
@code_arg()
def interacts(log):
    assert 1 == 2
    from twocode import Console
    console = Console(context)
    buf = io.StringIO(log)
    buf.seek(0)
    def print_cmp(s):
        result = buf.read(len(s))
        assert s == result, "Expected {}, got {}".format(repr(result), repr(s))
    with utils.Streams(
        stdin=buf,
        stdout=utils.Object(write=print_cmp, flush=lambda: None),
        stderr=utils.Object(write=print_cmp, flush=lambda: None),
    ):
        console.interact()
"""
def interacts(log):
    code_lines = []
    output = io.StringIO()
    def run():
        nonlocal code_lines
        if not code_lines:
            return
        code = "\n".join(code_lines)
        code_lines = []

        with utils.Streams(stdout=buf, stderr=buf):
            obj = context.eval(context.parse(code), type="stmt")
        obj = context.shell_repr(obj)
        if obj is None: obj = ""
        output.append(obj)

    for line in log.splitlines():
        if line.startswith(">>> "):
            run()
            code_lines = [line[4:]]
            output.append(line)
        elif line.startswith("... "):
            code_lines.append(line[4:])
            output.append(line)
    run()

    output = "\n".join(output)
    assert output == log, "\n\n".join(["Expected:", log, "Got:", output])
"""

def name_tests(*args, **kwargs):
    frame, filename, lineno, function, code_context, index = inspect.stack(0)[1]
    module = frame.f_globals
    for i, test in enumerate(args):
        module["test_{}".format(str(i + 1))] = test
    for kw, test in kwargs.items():
        module["test_{}".format(kw)] = test


From immaculate to scruffy with a flip of a hat (for real) ha ha! So here we have photo evidence that these big hats do nothing but cover my untidy bed head. I promise to make the effort and style my hair for my blog photos one day! God aren't I lazy! I do love the messy look rather than sleek though I must admit. I can also get away with being a scruff then can't I?
Hope you're all having a lovely Wednesday!
Loving your style posts at the moment gurrrl! I'm more of a hat girl but love the scrunchie on you!
I so want one of these floppy hats, they don't look like you're trying to cover bad hair days. Plus I really did a more grown up option to my beanie haha. Plus, you're looking good girl, that lipstick!!
I love scrunchies I just found some of mine from when I was a kid... crazy how the fashion comes back years down the line!
I reeeeally want one if those floppy hats for this A/W! Both the hat & scrunchie look hawt on you.


text:
Home Entertainment Loop Lapeta trailer out; The movie starring Tapsi Pannu will premiere...
Loop Lapeta trailer out; The movie starring Tapsi Pannu will premiere on Netflix in February
Loop Lapeta trailer out. (Photo credit: Instagram / taapsee)
Loop Lapeta, starring Tapsi Pannu and Tahir Rajbhas, will premiere on Netflix on February 4 ahead of the film's release, with the producers releasing its official trailer. The upcoming comedy thriller, directed by debutant director Aakash Bhatia, is a Hindi language remake of the 1998 cult classic film Run Lola Run by German filmmaker Tom Tykver.
The film offers an adventurous journey through a sticky situation where the girlfriend embarks on a mission to save her boyfriend.
In the movie, Pannu plays the role of Xavi, who is on a mission to save her boyfriend played by Tahir. The trailer seems to be a comedy film in which a girlfriend (Tapzi) embarks on a mission to save her boyfriend (Tahir). Raise Rs 50 lakh in 50 minutes to save a useless lover who falls into the trap of gambling.
As the plot unfolds, a series of events constantly urges lovers to make choices that define their future, read the official summary of the film.
Watch the trailer here:
While sharing the trailer on Instagram, Tapsi Pannu wrote, "50 Savi 50 Minutes ⏲ Can Savi save the truth in a timely manner? #LooopLapeta. "
See this post on Instagram
A post shared by taapsee
Pannu had earlier said in a statement, "Produced by my director Aakash and co-star Tahir.
Bhasin, 34, who appears to be true, said that Loop Lapetta offers a new take on romance and that he is thrilled to show the film to the audience.
"This film is a disturbing picture of modern day romance, a category I explore for the first time. I can not wait until the world meets the characters Satya and Xavi.
"Our director has a unique style stamp that has created a visually-stunning world that combines thrill and comedy for an entertainer's crazy rollercoaster," Bhasin said.
Bhatia said he was excited to stream his first film, Loop Lapeta, on Netflix.
"There's no way to underestimate the joy of making a first film, 'Loop Lapetta' overcame every part of it. I'm so excited about the look we've given to it. It's boldly moving from comedy and thriller to romance. For a rollercoaster ride for the audience," Bhatia said.
Loop Lapeta is produced by Sony Pictures Films India, Ellipse Entertainment and AYUSH Maheshwari.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Synthetically grown 'off the shelf' bone could soon be a reality for landmine blast survivors thanks to a £2.8 million regenerative medicine project at the University of Glasgow.
An estimated 4,300 people are injured or killed by landmine blasts every year, with the number of casualties caused by the weapons reaching a 10-year high in 2015.
It is hoped easily assembled bespoke synthetic bones, created by 3D printing, will improve the quality of life of victims by aiding their recovery.
The major research project secured funding from the Cheshire-based charity Find A Better Way in a deal signed off this morning.
The organisation was established in 2011 by football legend Sir Bobby Charlton following a visit to Cambodia, where landmines remain a serious threat to the population following decades of war.
The Glasgow team use a 3D printer to create bone scaffolds, which are then coated with nanolayers of a growth factor known as BMP-2 and stem cells.
They are then placed into a specially designed machine known as a Nanokick - invented by deputy project leader Professor Matt Dalby - which shakes the bone scaffold 15 nanometers across, 1,000 times per second.
This further stimulates the stem cells and growth factor to interact and start growing bone tissue on the scaffold at an accelerated rate.
When completed, it will be possible within 3-4 days to create bespoke bone pieces to fit the needs of individual patients.
Once implanted in the body, bone tissue will continue to grow, replacing the scaffold, which eventually dissolves leaving only new bone behind.
Find A Better Way CEO Lou McGrath said: "It is hard to overestimate what an important breakthrough this could be for landmine blast survivors.
"Advances in reconstructive surgical techniques now encourage trauma surgeons to retain as much of a limb as possible instead of quickly amputating above the knee.
The Glasgow team will also be developing small blocks of 'off the shelf' synthetic bone that can be shipped to anywhere in the world for a local surgeon to cut and shape to a patient's need.
viable for two to three weeks depending on local conditions.
Although the project will initially concentrate on smaller pieces of bone, there is no theoretical limit to how much synthetic bone can grafted into a blast injury survivor.
If successful the new technology will vastly extend the available options for blast injury surgeons, making it easier to reconstruct limbs or repair skull injuries.
The project will begin work in January and is projected to conduct a 'first man' study within five years.
Project lead Professor Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez said: "We have been developing various types of bone-related technology at the University of Glasgow for the previous five years.


text:
La tirosina hidroxilasa (TH), també denominada tirosina 3-monooxigenasa, és un enzim que catalitza la reacció de síntesi d'un grup d'hormones anomenat catecolamines a les glàndules suprarenals. Concretament, la tirosina hidroxilasa catalitza la conversió de l'aminoàcid L-tirosina a L-3,4-dihidroxifenilalanina (DOPA). La DOPA és la molècula precursora de la dopamina, a partir de la qual són sintetitzades la noradrenalina (o norepinefrina) i l'epinefrina. La dopamina, la noradrenalina i l'epinefrina són importants neurotransmissors del sistema nerviós autònom, que controla processos involuntaris com la regulació de la pressió sanguínia i de la temperatura corporal.

Aquest enzim és codificat pel gen TH, que es troba al cromosoma 11 en la posició 15.5. El gen de la TH en humans està format per 14 exons separats per 13 introns, que després de la seva traducció dona lloc a 4 isoformes diferents que difereixen en la seva estructura peptídica.

Reacció catalitzada
La tirosina hidroxilasa, catalitza la reacció en la qual la L-tirosina s'hidroxila a la meta posició, per obtenir L-3,4-dihidroxifenilalanina (L-DOPA). L'enzim és una oxigenasa, és a dir, utilitza oxigen molecular per a hidroxilitzar els substrats. Per una banda, un dels àtoms d'oxigen de l'O2, s'utilitza per a hidroxilar la molècula de tirosina per acabar obtenint L-DOPA. Per altra banda, la segona finalitat és hidroxilar el cofactor. Igual que les altres hidroxilases d'aminoàcids aromàtics (AAAH), la tirosina hidroxilasa utilitza el cofactor tetrahidrobiopterina (BH4) en condicions normals, encara que altres molècules similars també poden funcionar com a cofactor per a la tirosina hidroxilasa.

Degut a les similituds dels llocs actius, no és sorprenent que l'especificitat que trobem en el substrat dels dos enzims no siguin absolutes. La TrpH fàcilment hidroxilitza tant triptòfan com fenilalanina. Per contra, l'hidroxilació de la tirosina és d'aproximadament 5.000 vegades més lenta.

Les AAAH converteixen el cofactor 5,6,7,8-tetrahidrobiopterina (BH4) en tetrahidrobiopterin-4a-carbinolamina (4a-BH4). Sota condicions fisiològiques, la 4a-BH4 es deshidrata a quinonoid-dihidrobiopterina (q-BH2) per l'enzim pterin-4a-carbinolamina deshidrasa (PCD) i s'allibera una molècula d'aigua en aquesta reacció. A continuació, l'enzim dihidropteridina reductasa (DHPR) enzimàtic NAD (P) H converteix q-BH2 de tornada a BH4. Cadascuna de les quatre subunitats de la tirosina hidroxilasa es coordina amb un àtom de ferro (II) presentat en el lloc actiu. L'estat d'oxidació d'aquest àtom de ferro és important per a la recanvi catalític en la reacció enzimàtica. Si el ferro s'oxida a Fe (III), l'enzim està inactiu.

El producte de la reacció enzimàtica, L-DOPA, es pot transformar a dopamina per l'enzim DOPA decarboxilasa. La dopamina pot convertir-se en norepinefrina per l'enzim dopamina β-hidroxilasa, que pot ser modificada per l'enzima feniletanol N-metiltransferasa per obtenir l'epinefrina. Atès que L-DOPA és el precursor dels neurotransmissors dopamina, noradrenalina i adrenalina, la tirosina hidroxilasa es troba, doncs, al citosol de totes les cèl·lules que contenen aquestes catecolaminas. Aquesta reacció inicial catalitzada per tirosina hidroxilasa s'ha demostrat que és el pas limitador de la velocitat en la producció de catecolamines.

L'enzim és altament específic, sense acceptar els derivats d'indol, cosa que és inusual, ja que molts altres enzims implicats en la producció de catecolamines. El triptòfan és un substrat pobre per a la tirosina hidroxilasa, però pot hidroxilar L-fenilalanina per formar L-tirosina i petites quantitats de 3-hidroxifenilalanina. L'enzim pot catalitzar posteriorment la L-tirosina per formar L-DOPA. La tirosina hidroxilasa també pot estar implicada en altres reaccions, com l'oxidació de L-DOPA per formar 5-S-cisteinil-DOPA o altres derivats L-DOPA.

Estructura i característiques de l'enzim

La tirosina hidroxilasa té una massa atòmica de 240 kDa i està formada per quatre subunitats idèntiques de 60kDa, és a dir, és un homotetràmer. Cada subunitat consta de dos dominis, un catalític i un regulador.

El domini catalític que correspon a l'extrem C-terminal és el més conservat en l'evolució i on es troba unit el cofactor. També és on interaccionen el coenzim i el substrat durant la catàlisi. En aquest terminal carboxil de la cadena peptídica hi ha un domini amb alfa hèlix curt que permet la tetramerització. Té 300 aminoàcids centrals que formen un nucli catalític on hi ha tots els residus que es necessiten per a la catàlisi, enllaçat no covalentment amb un àtom de ferro. El ferro es manté anclat al seu lloc gràcies a dos residus d'histidina i un de glutamat, convertint-lo en un cofactor.

L'amino terminal,150 aminoàcids, constitueix un domini regulador, pensat per a controlar l'accés dels substrats al centre actiu, és a dir, té un efecte inhibidor sobre l'activitat enzimàtica. Aquesta inhibició desapareix quan s'activa l'enzim mitjançant fosforilació de residus de serina situats a Ser8, Ser19, Ser31, Ser40 i Ser153. Aquestes fosforilacions es duen a terme per cinases que segueixen diferents mecanismes de regulació. Aquests són complexes, ja que, per exemple, una mateixa cinasa que fosforila en la Ser31 de la isoforma 1 de la tirosina hidroxilasa no ho pot fer en la Ser35 (la que correspon a la Ser31 en l'altra isoforma) de la isoforma 2 de l'enzim.

En humans, es dedueix que hi ha quatre versions diferents d'aquest domini regulador i, per tant, quatre versions d'aquest enzim, depenent de l'empalmament alternatiu, encara que cap d'aquestes estructures de moment s'ha pogut determinar correctament. Diversos estudis i investigacions han suggerit que aquest domini podria ser una proteïna intrínsecament no estructurada, que no té una estructura terciària clarament definida, però fins ara no s'ha presentat cap evidència que recolzi aquesta afirmació. Tanmateix, s'ha demostrat que el domini té una baixa ocurrència d'estructures secundàries, que no debilita les sospites que tenen una estructura general desordenada. Quant a la tetramerització i els dominis catalítics, la seva estructura es va trobar amb la tirosina hidroxilasa de la rata mitjançant la cristalografia de raigs X. Això ha demostrat que la seva estructura és molt similar a la de la fenilalanina hidroxilasa i al triptòfan hidroxilasa (especialment s'assemblen en l'estructura primària i en la catàlisi). Els tres junts, constitueixen una família d'hidroxilases d'aminoàcids aromàtics homòlegs. Aquests enzims utilitzen tetrahidrobiopterina com a coenzim i ferro (II) no unit a un grup hemo com cofactor.

Regulació
L'activitat de la tirosina hidroxilasa augmenta a curt termini gràcies a la fosforilació. El domini regulador de la tirosina hidroxilasa conté múltiples residus de serina       (Ser), com Ser8, Ser19, Ser31 i Ser 40, els quals són fosforilats per una gran varietat de proteïnes cinases. Aquestes forforilacions estan ordenades de forma jeràrquica (per exemple, gràcies a la fosforilació de Ser19 en el N-terminal, s'augmenta la fosforilació de Ser40) i depenen de l'estat del substrat. La via de degradació per part dels proteosomes sembla estar connectada amb aquestes fosforilacions jeràrquiques, ja que aquests proteosomes inhibits no degraden la tirosina hidroxilasa amb fosforilacions de Ser19, sinó que a partir d'aquí s'indueix la fosforilació de Ser19 i, en conseqüència, la de totes les dues formes de tirosina hidroxilasa (Ser40, Ser31). Quan s'activa el proteosoma, es degraden només els enzims fosforilats en Ser19, essent aquesta la fosforilació clau en la degradació de l'enzim per la via proteosòmica.

El residu Ser40 és fosforilat per la cAMP-dependent proteïna-cinasa. Ser19 (i en menys quantitat Ser40) és forsforilat per la calci-calmodulina-dependent proteïna-cinasa. MAPKAPK2 (mitògen-proteïna-activada cinasa-activadora proteïna-cinasa) té preferència per Ser40, però també fosforila Ser19 al voltant de la meitat de la taxa de Ser40. Ser31 és fosforilat per ERK1 i ERK2 (cinases 1&2 extracel·lulars regulades), i incrementa molt menys l'activitat de l'enzim que amb la fosforilació del residu Ser40. La fosforilació de Ser19 i Ser8 no té un efecte directe en l'activitat de la tirosina hidroxilasa, però la fosforilació de Ser19 incrementa la taxa de fosforilació de Ser40, la qual sí augmenta l'activitat de l'enzim. La forforilació de Ser19 causa un doble increment d'activitat,mitjançant un mecanisme que requereix les proteïnes 14-3-3. La fosforilació de Ser31 causa un lleuger augment de l'activitat, mitjançant un mecanisme desconegut. Tot i així, se sap que aquesta fosforilació augmenta a la glàndula suprarenal en presència de quantitats més elevades d'insulina, de forma que la tirosina hidroxilasa s'activa molt més i indueix la síntesi de catecolamines en la medul·la suprarenal (i també a les zones catecolaminèrgiques del cervell). Per tant, és possible que la fosforilació de Ser31 sigui un mecanisme de defensa psicològica en casos d'hipoglucèmia. També se sap que la fosforilació de Ser31 i Ser40 s'incrementa per la hipòxia, tant a llarg com a curt termini, o davant la presència de determinats agents estressants.

La tirosina hidroxilasa s'estabilitza per inactivació calorífica quan es dona la fosforilació de les serines reguladores. La tirosina hidroxilasa està principalment present en el citosol, encara que també es troba en certa manera en la membrana plasmàtica. L'associació de membranes pot estar relacionada amb l'empaquetatge de catecolamina en vesícules i l'exportació a través de la membrana sinàptica. En la unió de la tirosina hidroxilasa a les membranes participa la regió N-terminal de l'enzim, i pot ser regulada per una interacció triple entre proteïnes 14-3-3, la regió N-terminal de la tirosina hidroxilasa i membranes carregades negativament. Aquesta és una altra mostra de la meticulosa regulació d'aquest enzim i de les fosforilacions jeràrquiques. Les diferents tirosines hidroxilases fosforilades i les proteïnes 14-3-3 formen complexes per activar l'enzim i estabilitzar-lo. Mentre que la tirosina hidroxilasa fosforilada en Ser19 amb forma tetramèrica té gran afinitat per la proteïna 14-3-3γ, la interacció amb la tirosina hidroxilasa fosforilada en Ser40 i les proteïnes 14-3-3γ és dèbil. És per això que aquestes proteïnes inhibeixen la taxa de fosforilació de Ser40, mostrant que aquesta no és essencial en la unió tirosina hidroxilasa-proteïna 14-3-3 com ho és la fosforilació en Ser19. La tirosina hidroxilasa tetramèrica fosforilada en Ser19 forma complexes amb les proteïnes 14-3-3γ d'un (asimètric) i dos (simètric) dímers, amb una major freqüència d'asimètrics.

La tirosina hidroxilasa també es pot regular per inhibició. La fosforilació de Ser40 alleugera la inhibició feedback per les catecolamines dopamina, epinefrina i norepinefrina, les quals estan relacionades amb l'estrès i l'obesitat. La unió de la tirosina hidroxilasa a les catecolamines provoca una incorporació deutoriònica més baixa en el domini catalític, cosa que no succeix amb les fosforilacions. Les catecolamines atrapen el ferro del centre actiu en l'estat Fe (III), inhibint l'enzim. Hi ha dos parts a l'enzim: una amb poca afinitat per la dopamina (i que està activa independentment de les fosforilacions de Ser40) i una altra amb molta afinitat (el ja esmentat domini regulador en l'extrem N-terminal). S'ha demostrat també que l'expressió de la tirosina hidroxilasa pot veure's afectada per l'expressió de SRY. Una baixada del gen SRY a la substància negra pot provocar una disminució de l'expressió de tirosina hidroxilasa.

La regulació a llarg termini de la tirosina hidroxilasa també pot estar mediada per mecanismes de fosforilació. Les hormones (p. Ex., glucocorticoides), drogues (p. Ex., cocaïna) o segons missatgers com l'cAMP augmenten la transcripció de la tirosina hidroxilasa. L'augment de l'activitat de la tirosina hidroxilasa a causa de la fosforilació pot ser mantinguda per nicotina fins a 48 hores. L'activitat de la tirosina hidroxilasa es regula crònicament (dies) per síntesi de proteïnes. Tanmateix, cal esmentar que també poden existir altres mecanismes diferents a la fosforilació en la regulació de l'activitat de l'enzim, especialment en ambients on l'Amfetamina i la hiperactivitat són presents.

Importància clínica
Una deficiència de tirosina hidroxilasa suposa una disminució en la producció de dopamina, epinefrina i norepinefrina. Aquest fet suposa una encefalopatia progressiva i un pronòstic desfavorable. Les característiques clíniques de la deficiència de l'enzim inclouen distonia que respon mínimament a la levodopa o que no hi respon, símptomes extrapiramidals, ptosis, miosis i hipotensió postural. Aquesta condició pot millorar gràcies al tractament amb levodopa però no pot ser curada. S'han identificat més d'una dotzena de mutacions en el gen de la tirosina hidroxilasa (TH) que causen distonia, que és un trastorn neurològic del moviment. La gran majoria de les mutacions del gen TH suposen un canvi en els aminoàcids que constitueixen la tirosina hidroxilasa. Com a conseqüència, l'enzim experimenta una disminució de la seva funcionalitat i, això, al seu torn, suposa una disminució de la producció de dopamina. Els individus amb aquesta condició experimenten contraccions musculars involuntàries, tremolors i altres tipus de moviments incontrolats a causa dels baixos nivells de dopamina. Depenent de la funcionalitat de l'enzim, els símptomes poden ser més o menys severs. Per exemple, determinades mutacions en el cor del tetràmer, on hi ha una hèlix superenrotllada, podrien afectar a l'estructura de l'enzim, cosa que provocaria malalties com la distonia dopa-sensible o la síndrome de Segawa. Altres alteracions en l'activitat de l'enzim podrien estar relacionades amb malalties com la malaltia de Parkinson, la malaltia d'Alzheimer, l'esquizofrènia i la malaltia de Huntington. A més, la tirosina hidroxilasa és un autoantigen de la síndrome poliglandular autoimmune tipus I.

Per una altra banda, un avantatge de la tirosina hidroxilasa, entre d'altres, és el fet que el seu increment provoqui una estimulació en les funcions de l'hipocamp per part de la vitamina B6.

La tirosina hidroxilasa també ha estat associada amb l'estrès crònic i la memòria a curt termini en estudis recents. Aquesta molècula és responsable de la síntesi d'importants neurotransmissors com ara la noradrenalina i la dopamina. Aquestes catecolamines són crucials pel correcte funcionament del còrtex prefrontal, que és la regió cerebral que s'ocupa de la memòria a curt termini. Es pensa que els efectes de l'estrès crònic en la memòria a curt termini podrien estar causats per alteracions en la transmissió de noradrenalina i dopamina en el còrtex prefrontal.

Altres estudis mostren la relació entre la deficiència de tirosina hidroxilasa i la síndrome de distonia mioclònica, que es tracta d'una rara malaltia autosòmica dominant. Aquesta malaltia típicamente afecta el coll, el tronc i els braços. Una gran part de les persones afectades per aquesta síndrome també desenvolupen trastorns psicològics com ara depressió, ansietat, atacs de pànic i trastorn obsessivocompulsiu (TOC).

La metirosina pot inhibir la tirosina hidroxilasa i, conseqüentment, causar una disminució en la producció de dopamina i norepinefrina al cervell a causa de la manca del precursor L-DOPA, que és sintetizat per l'enzim. Aquesta droga pot causar depressió i és utilitzada en poco casos tot i que és efectiva en el tractament de feocromocitoma i de la hipertensió. Altres inhibidors de la tirosina hidroxilasa són l'oudenona  i l'aquayamicina.

Referències

Enzims

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


New to air brush painting and wanted to find out if anyone has suggested resources on how to's for creating stencils. I have a vinyl plotter, so I'm curious if anything exists on using a vinyl cutter to this. Also are there sites where I can download ready made multilayer stencils? Last, is there a recommended video on how to make a stencil by separating colors/highlights/shadows in something like photoshop or illustrator? I'm thinking there must be a good process out there for taking a photo, then using filters or something to separate them into different layers to be printed/cut.
Btw, I had searched for making stencils on YouTube earlier and didn't see much, but just tried again using the wording I used here and found a bunch of stuff for making multi layer stencils for spray painting. If you have recommendations, would still love to hear what you've seen!
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LovesArt Elite Member! Elite Member!
What vinyl plotter do u have? I've been searching for a machine to create stencils that is reasonably priced without a huge learning curve myself. And I'm intrigued by the possible use of photoshop too. I'll be following this thread!
Multi-layer stencils are useless, you don't learn anything with them. You print out the picture you want, cut out what needs to and use that.
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This was made with cameo 3 and non-original blades on mylar. Lighter is for size comparison. So, you can go quite small with plotter.
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Home is where our God is
RRCF believes the way to effectively present the Grace and Mercy given by God is to go where cowboys and cowgirls hang out – around cowboy events, programs and gatherings.
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From the beginning in 2010 to today, our ministry team has been blessed to see lives changed, families healed and people become a part of a bigger family, the Family of God. Share your gifts and become a part of our ministry teams.
We provide a church home where people can grow to be more like Christ and share His message of grace and mercy in a way that respects the western heritage and traditions of the cowboy culture.
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Twenty years after the end of Apartheid, South Africa's democracy persists, albeit with problems. A tripartite coalition-the African National Congress, the labor unions, and the Communist Party-still controls the political system but with diminishing economic results and authority. Since 2010, the economy has grown at 1.4% annually, with unemployment at 25%. Several national plans have been initiated but none with success. Most recently, the National Development Plan is the Zuma administration's approach. And then, at the end of 2015, cronyism sunk the stock market and the currency, causing a political crisis. Pravin Gordhan, an experienced bureaucrat, is once again Finance Minister but faces the tradeoff between growth and debt reduction. With the recent resignation of Zuma and the instatement of former deputy president and wealthy businessman Cyril Ramaphosa as President, it was still to be determined if a change in leadership would be enough to improve the country's economic and social situation.


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Women's Basketball 24.7
"There is no offseason"
2019 New Player Data
September 11, 2019 by Andrew Leave a Comment
In the past few years, the WNBA has made more statistics available to the public on its website. While these statistics have been available in the past and some of them have been released, the ability for anyone to access it and use it for their own work allows for new levels of insight. This season, several new options are available. In addition to some of the individual statistics made available in the past few years, statistics can be searched for on specific two, three, four, and five player lineups. Also widely released for the first time are teams' on/off ratings, which are a quick way of measuring how teams perform when certain players are on or off the court.
On/Off Rating:
With on/off rating, it is possible to see a team's efficiency when a player is on or off the court, making it possible to tell the difference in efficiency when a player is off the court. It is not a perfect measure of a player's impact because it is reliant on many other factors, including the other players on the court, but it can provide unexpected observations. The 107 players who played at least 340 minutes with a single team are included in this sample with stints with different teams not combined in these statistics.
25 players had their team score 6 or more points per 100 possessions more when they were on the court than when they were not on the court and they are shown in the image above in order of the size of the difference in offensive efficiency. It is no surprise that Chicago's offense was much better with Courtney Vandersloot on the floor as both a facilitator and scorer as they tried many solutions to deal with the minutes that she was not on the court, but she was not the top player on the list. That honor goes to Natasha Howard as Seattle's offense was absolutely dreadful when she was off the court, but 22.4 points per 100 possessions better when she was on the court. This type of statistic is also useful for trying to figure out whether a player might deserve more playing time. Some of the players with lower minutes percentages played less due to working their way back from injury, but one name that stands out on this list is Marine Johannes, an offensive spark for New York in a number of games. After joining the team late, it took her a little bit of time to settle in her role, but in 45% of available minutes, the Liberty's offensive was scoring over 8 points more per 100 possessions.
The first measure penalizes players on teams with strong offenses overall so here are the top 25 players in terms of how efficiently the offense was with them on the court without comparing it to the offense without them. Washington's dominance is clear here as they hold the top eight places and Courtney Vandersloot prevented them from being the top nine. The Los Angeles Sparks should be excited about having Candace Parker available for full minutes in the playoff as they have played well with her on the court.
The 20 players above were the ones whose teams played better defense by the most with them on the court than with them off the court. The surprise players at the top of the list did not play that many minutes overall, but New York's defense was better with them playing, giving up 12.6 points per 100 possessions less with Nayo Raincock-Ekunwe on the court. Right behind Rebecca Allen was a more expected name in Natasha Howard as Seattle would have been the league's best defense by several points if they played the way they did while she was on the court, but played like the worst defense in the the league when she was not on the floor. Right behind her was Ariel Atkins as she helped Washington defense and their offense when she was playing.
The 23 players above had their teams give up less than 94 points per possession when they were on the court. Many of the players at the top of the list were not playing starters' minutes over the course of the season. Las Vegas had the league's toughest defense and they were particularly stingy during the minutes that Sydney Colson played as she beat the next player on the list by three and a half points per 100 possessions. Not surprisingly, she was not the only player from the team on the list with four teammates joining her. While their teams played poor defense overall, Camille Little, Maite Cazorla, and Nayo Raincock-Ekunwe all made the overall list and it may be worth trying to figure out what those teams did differently with them on the court for the future.
20 players had their teams have higher net ratings by at least 10 points per 100 possessions with them on the court. No player had a higher difference than Natasha Howard as Seattle outscored their opponents by 7.4 points per 100 possessions when she was on the court, but were outscored by 26.6 points per 100 possessions with her off the court, a total swing of 34 points per 100 possessions. While the players on the top half of this list played heavy minutes, there are a number of players below them with lower minutes totals, especially on struggling teams that could merit additional study for additional playing time.
24 players had their teams outscore their opponents by at least 6 points per 100 possessions while they were on the court. Washington dominated this category with the top seven places. Connecticut was the next team to get on the list as they played well with the players in their starting lineup. 30 players had their teams play better both on offense and defense when they were on the court.
Lineups:
Not only is it now possible to easily find out how a team performs with a particular player on the court, detailed lineup data is also available. The information is only one tool in the process of evaluating player performance, but it can be useful, especially in finding combinations that teams should try more often.
Five:
57 different lineups have been on the court together for at least 40 minutes. Given their play as a team, it is no surprise that a Washington lineup had the best net rating as the combination of Ariel Atkins, Aerial Powers, Natasha Cloud, Elena Delle Donne, and LaToya Sanders played 91 minutes together in 9 different games and outscored their opponents by 35.6 points per 100 possessions during that time. The same Mystics lineup with Emma Meesseman instead of Powers played 82 minutes together in 7 games and also bettered their opponents by over 30 points per 100 possessions. The only other lineup to reach that mark was a fairly surprising Las Vegas lineup that plays very few minutes together, but has been played in many games as Dearica Hamby, Sugar Rodgers, Sydney Colson, Liz Cambage, and Tamera Young have been very strong in 60 minutes of play over 20 games. In terms of continuity, no lineup can beat Connecticut's starters, appearing in all but one game and playing 558 minutes, 225 minutes more than the next lineup. Courtney Williams, Jonquel Jones, Alyssa Thomas, Shekinna Stricklen, and Jasmine Thomas have outscored their opponents by 8.7 points per possession during that time.
On the offensive end, the lineup that has had the best efficiency is a Chicago group that could see more time together in a playoff setting as Diamond DeShields, Cheyenne Parker, Astou Ndour, Courtney Vandersloot, and Allie Quigley had an efficiency of 132.7 points per 100 possessions in 65 minutes together in 10 games. The Mystics had four of the next five most potent offensive combinations. On defense, the Aces lineup mentioned above was the stingiest, allowing only 73.8 points per 100 possessions. Seattle's lineup of Mercedes Russell, Jewell Loyd, Natasha Howard, Alysha Clark, and Shavonte Zellous was next at 78.4 points given up per 100 possessions in 51 minutes over 10 games.
Four:
195 different 4 player groupings have spent at least 80 minutes on the court together. Again, with Washington's overall statistical domination, it is no surprise that nine of the top ten combinations are from their team. Ariel Atkins, Emma Meesseman, Elena Delle Donne, and Latoya Sanders have been on the court at the same time for 90 minutes in 8 games, outscoring their opponents by a whopping 42.8 points per 100 possessions during that time. The only non-Mystics groupings that broke the 120 points per 100 possessions barrier were Chicago's Diamond DeShields, Cheyenne Parker, Astou Ndour, and Courtney Vandersloot, who only played 80 minute together over 13 games, and Phoenix's Brianna Turner, Brittney Griner, Yvonne Turner, and Leilani Mitchell, who featured in 12 games for 96 minutes. The Las Vegas combination of Dearica Hamby, Sydney Colson, Liz Cambage, and Tamera Young was the only group to allow less than 80 points per 100 possessions, doing so in 86 minutes over 23 games. They were followed by Minnesota's Napheesa Collier, Lexie Brown, Danielle Robinson, and Sylvia Fowles, a group that played 115 minutes together in 26 games. Odyssey Sims replacing Brown in that lineup was the only combination that appeared in all 34 games with Chicago's most frequent starters playing 33 games and five different Connecticut combinations also played all but one game, being the top five sets in minutes played.
Three:
Team building these days often revolves around star trios. 194 different trios played at least 200 minutes together this season. Washington again had the strongest combinations, boasting ten of the top eleven groupings in overall efficiency, led by Ariel Atkins, Elena Delle Donne, and LaToya Sanders, who outscored opponents by 31.3 points per 100 possessions in 496 minutes over 30 games. The only trio to break up the Mystics party was Sydney Wiese, Chelsea Gray, and Candace Parker, who played 206 minutes together in 19 games for Los Angeles. Washington's lineups were particularly potent on offense, but Chicago groupings featuring Astou Ndour and two of Diamond DeShields, Courtney Vandersloot, and Allie Quigley were also quite efficient. There was much more variety on defense with different teams occupying the top three spots. Dearica Hamby, Sydney Colson, and Tamera Young were on the court for 211 minutes together over 29 games and gave up fewer points than any other trio per possession. The Sparks had the next entry with a trio of Tierra Ruffin-Pratt and the Ogwumike sisters and the Phoenix's trio of DeWanna Bonner, Leilani Mitchell, and Camille Little also gave up very few points when they were on the court together. No trio played more together than Napheesa Collier, Odyssey Sims, and Sylvia Fowles of Minnesota, featuring in every game for a total of 754 minutes. Connecticut's starting lineup showed their continuity again, being ten of the next fourteen most played groupings in various combinations. Chicago's starting backcourt played 712 minutes together in 33 minutes while Seattle's starting frontcourt played 663 minutes together in 31 games.
Two:
Lineup data can also be stretched out to duos as 166 pairings played at least 340 minutes together this season. Washington pairs made up the entire top ten in net rating, led by Elena Delle Donne and Ariel Atkins, who outscored opponents by 28.7 points per 100 possessions on the court together in 622 minutes over 30 games. A number of Connecticut pairings were efficient, led by Shekinna Stricklen and Jonquel Jones, but after them were two surprises as completely different Sparks lineups, Nneka Ogwumike and Riquna Williams and then Tierra Ruffin-Pratt and Sydney Wiese, featured. Delle Donne and Atkins topped the charts when it came to offensive efficiency, followed by eleven other combinations of Mystics players before the Chicago couple of Courtney Vandersloot and Allie Quigley checked in with 829 minutes played together in 33 games. The Ogwumike sisters were reunited this season and played on the court together for 363 minutes in 29 games, outscoring opponents by more than 10 points per 100 possessions during that time, which was fueled by their defensive rating being the strongest of any pairing. They were followed by the Delle Donne-Atkins duo and then the Minnesota newcomers Napheesa Collier and Lexie Brown. The other new duo that was considered worth watching before the season was the twin towers in Las Vegas and they ended up playing 429 minutes together in 25 games, outscoring opponents by nearly 3 points per 100 possessions during that time behind solid defense. The Minnesota combinations revolving around Napheessa Collier, Odyssey Sims, and Sylvia Fowles played in all the games with the one featuring Collier and Sims averaging over 27 minutes a game together for a leading total of 934 minutes.
Filed Under: Uncategorized, WNBA Tagged With: stats, wnba
2019 Career Stats Update
A number of big name absences from the league this year led to fewer milestones being reached than was expected at this time last year. Nevertheless, new players have found their way on these lists and others have climbed since last last year. Highlighted players were in at least one game in 2019.
This is a list that was strongly affected by player absences. Diana Taurasi was expected to extend her lead and approach the 9,000 point mark, but only ended up adding a handful of points from the total that she finished at last season. Cappie Pondexter ended up retiring earlier than she planned and Sue Bird, Angel McCoughtry, and Maya Moore also did not add any points to their career totals. Candice Dupree did manage to climb into the top 5 and Tina Charles jumped past a number of players into the top 10. Sylvia Fowles is the newest player in the 5,000 point club, racing past her teammate to do so. There are two new players on the list as DeWanna Bonner will again be in position to surge past a number of players next season and Crystal Langhorne also makes an appearance.
There was almost a second consecutive season with a new rebounding leader, but Sylvia Fowles will have to wait until next season to pass Rebekkah Brunson. She will need to continue to crash the boards as Tina Charles could follow her right into second place soon too. There is one new player on this list as Nneka Ogwumike will approach 2,000 rebounds soon.
Unfortunately, Sue Bird was not able to add to her total and chase the 3,000 assist mark, but there was plenty of movement on the rest of the list. Courtney Vandersloot continued her impressive pace from recent seasons and could be chasing 2,000 assists by the end of next season. Tanisha Wright retires in the top 10. The two newest players on the list are Jasmine Thomas, who is already challenging the top 20, and Leilani Mitchell, who just made it to the 1,000 assist club.
Steals:
Nobody is in position to catch Tamika Catchings in this category and this is the list with the fewest number of players active this season on it. Tanisha Wright managed to make the list before retirement. The other new player is Candace Parker, making her the only player to be in the top 30 in all 5 of the main counting stats.
Brittney Griner continued her quest for the all-time record with another strong season, but she is still a number of seasons away. The newest players on the list are DeWanna Bonner and Sancho Lyttle.
2019 Advanced Player Stats
With the regular season done, let's take a look at how players fared in some of the less traditional statistical categories. Players included averaged at least 10 minutes per game and appeared in at least 17 games, a total of 112 players. Teams listed are the current team for players who played for more than one team this season.
Usage measures what percentage of offensive possessions a player terminates while she is on the court. It has many uses, including helping understand the impact of bench players or those who play fewer minutes who carry a big offensive load when they are on the court as a few players on this list would not be considered immediate guesses in this category. 15 players terminated more than 24% of their team's possessions this season. Tina Charles was the main focus on offense again for New York, ending up with the highest usage of any player. The Rookie of the Year award race has been revealing how people feel about different factors for the award. Arike Ogunbowale is in the conversation because of her scoring and having the second highest usage helps show the scale of scoring opportunities available to her when she was on the court. Natasha Howard was given a much larger role than last year due to injuries and she ended up third on this list. The two highest usage players from last season ended up being teammates and it was unclear how that would impact each player. While both saw declines in usage, especially A'ja Wilson, they did both continue to have big roles in the offense. There were several cases of high usage trios last season becoming high usage duos to injury as Brittney Griner and DeWanna Bonner for Phoenix and Tiffany Hayes and Alex Bentley for Atlanta saw their percentages climb.
Effective Field Goal Percentage:
Effective field goal percentage gives players more credit for three point field goals than the traditional percentage, which counts all field goals as the same, regardless of location. 14 players hit the 55% threshold in this category. It is no surprise that a known long range bomber like Allie Quigley benefits from this measure, being the only player to exceed 60% this season. Washington's powerful offense is explained quite clearly with this list as they had four players in the top nine. The way that this measure still accommodates players with different approaches to scoring is shown by teammates Brittney Griner and Leilani Mitchell being next to each other on the list.
Rebound Percentage:
Rebound percentage measures the percent of available rebounds a player grabs when she is on the court. It can also be separated into offensive and defensive rebounding, which helps considering different rebounding strategies that different teams employ. 25 players grabbed at least 7% of their own team's misses when they were on the court and 25 players grabbed at least 16.0% of the other team's misses when they were on the court. Even with the separation of the two categories, fourteen players appear on both lists.
Separating the lists did not change one fact. When Teaira McCowan was on the court, she was a force on the glass, grabbing a quarter of her opponents' misses and grabbing more than two percentage points more of her team's misses than any other player. Having two lists does showcase Jessica Breland, the second best defensive rebounder, but a player who is not as active on the other end of the floor. Atlanta had the worst defensive rebounding percentage overall, but Breland and Monique Billings certainly should not be blamed as they did their part. Rebounding at the top end is certainly a team effort though Liz Cambage and Dearica Hamby did help Las Vegas have the best mark on the defensive end. Connecticut's combination of Jonquel Jones and Alyssa Thomas helped them on both ends and the addition of Theresa Plaisance late in the season could help them corral their opponents' misses when either is off the court.
2019 Team Stats Recap
With the regular season over, let's take a look at how teams rank in some statistical categories.
Net Rating:
The blue bar represents the points a team averaged per 100 possessions and the red bar represents the points given up per 100 possessions. The difference between them is the net rating and teams were placed in order of offensive rating.
The Washington Mystics finished the regular season with three more wins than any other team and it is easy to see why as their offense was more than 11 points better per 100 possessions than any other team in the league, only around half a point less than the gap between the second best offense and the worst offense. While their defense is only in the middle of the pack, that offense will give the other teams in the playoffs plenty to worry about, especially over the course of a series. The top five seeds in the playoffs also have the league's five most efficient offenses. Chicago had the second best offense, but defense could be a concern in a one game playoff situation as they were the only playoff team to have a worse defense than one of the non-playoff teams though Atlanta finds no comfort in that fact after scoring more than 4 points less than any other team per 100 possessions. The strong defenses are all very close together in efficiency, but it is no surprise to see Bill Laimbeer and Las Vegas at the top of the list while his former team New York languished at the bottom of the rankings.
Changes from 2018:
A lot has been made of the decrease in offense all year around and with the regular season done, the final numbers continue to show that trend. The blue bars are the change in offensive rating with a positive number meaning an improvement from last year. The red bars show the change in defensive rating with a negative number meaning an improvement from last year. The green bar is the change in net rating with a positive number meaning an overall improvement from last year and teams are ranked in order of their improvement in that category.
Only two teams ending up improving on their offensive efficiency from a year ago as Washington did so impressively and Indiana went from the league's worst offense to one in the middle of the pack while tying for the biggest improvement in wins this year. Unsurprisingly, that led to every team except for Atlanta improving on defense and the Dream's decline in both categories gave them the largest overall decline as they also had the biggest drop in wins from last season. The other two teams to also win seven more games than last season had the two biggest improvements on defense. Las Vegas improved to be the best defense overall, but Chicago's improvement is also big news as they were coming off a season of having the worst defense, but no longer have to rely completely on their offense to win games.
Rebounding:
Separating rebounding into two categories is more useful for examining how teams rebound, especially given that different teams have different strategies for offensive rebounding. The x-axis represents the percentage of its own misses that a team rebounds and the y-axis represents the amount of the other team's misses that a team rebounds.
Connecticut is one of the elite rebounding teams regardless of what end being looked at, ranking first on the offensive end narrowly second on the defensive end. Las Vegas is also a solid offensive rebounding team, but their prowess on the other end in limiting second chances for their opponents likely contributes to their stingy defense. Phoenix is the second worst team at securing defensive rebounds, but are even less effective on the other end, grabbing the lowest percentage of their own misses by a bigger margin compared to the next worst team than the gap between the second worst team and the best. Chicago is that next team, but their lack of second chance opportunities did not slow down the league's second most efficient offense.
Phoenix already had a lowest offensive rebounding percentage last season, but managed to drop nearly 2 percentage points in that category for this year. Atlanta and Dallas also experienced declines in both categories while Washington and Las Vegas were the only teams to improve at both ends. Los Angeles had the biggest improvement in offensive rebounding, which could be the result of their coaching change creating new philosophies at that end. Chicago's improvement in defensive rebounding was the biggest, no longer making them the worst in the league, and likely helped their overall defensive improvement by reducing the number of second chances available to their opponents.
Home vs. Road:
The blue bars show the difference between home offensive efficiency and road offensive efficiency and a positive number means that the team plays better offensively at home. The red bars show the difference between home defensive efficiency and road defensive efficiency and a negative number means that the team plays better defense at home. The green bar shows the difference in net rating with a positive number meaning better overall efficiency at home. Teams are in order of the largest improvement in net rating when playing at home.
Teams are generally expected to perform better at home than on the road and that proved to be the case as every team other than New York won more games at home. In net rating, they were only marginally better on the road as they played better offensively at home, but worse defensively. Only Phoenix also played worse at home defensively, but that was offset by having the third largest improvement in offense on their own court. Atlanta was the only team to play worse offensively at home, but their defense was better at home by the third largest margin so they still played better overall there, but they and the Liberty were the only teams with negative net ratings on their own courts. Washington outscored teams by nearly 22 points per 100 possessions at home and had a much lower margin on the road, but still managed to be one of two teams with a positive net rating on the road. The other team was Las Vegas, something that could make them a tough opponent in a playoff series. A potential Storm-Sparks matchup in the playoffs would be intriguing as Seattle played the best road defense in the league while Los Angeles played the best home defense by a substantial margin.
2019 All Star Break Team Stats Comparison
July 27, 2019 by Andrew Leave a Comment
As the season has gone past the midway point, let's take a look at home teams are stacking up in various statistical categories.
The blue bar represents points scored per 100 possessions and the red bar represents points given up per 100 possessions. The difference is the team's net rating. While three teams enter the break tied in the loss column at the top of the standings, there is a clear winner in offense so far this season. The Washington Mystics are scoring nearly 9 points more per 100 possessions than any other team. Connecticut is the next best offensive team and also tied with them in the standings while having the second best defense. Las Vegas, on the other hand, joins these teams in the standings with a different focus, having the toughest defense by more than 3.5 points per 100 possessions.
Overall, the teams currently in playoff places are the ones with positive net ratings. Indiana may be tied for last place in the loss column, but they have the least negative net rating among teams currently on the outside looking in as their third best offense is offset by their worst defense. The other teams in their predicament struggle in both categories with the next three worst defenses and the three worst offenses.
Change from 2018:
The blue bar represents the change in offensive rating between the whole season last year and this season to date with a positive number meaning an improvement this season. The red bar represents the change in defensive rating between the whole season last year and this season to date with a negative number meaning an improvement this season. The green bar represents the change in net rating between the whole season last year and this season to date with a positive number meaning an improvement this season.
Much has been made about the decrease in scoring this season and this chart clearly shows the difference as Indiana made a solid improvement to their offense and Washington is seeing an incremental improvement, but the rest of the league has seen drops of more than 2.5 points per 100 possessions. Attlanta is the only team with a worse defense, compounding their issues in a season where their offensive output has declined by more than 11 points per 100 possessions, giving them the worst decrease in net rating among all teams. Star absences may also help to explain some of the other teams that had precipitous drops in offensive output. Chicago still has a below average defense, but their improvement in that category from the worst in the league last season helps explain their rise in the standings. Like the Sky, Las Vegas did not have an increase in offense, but their defensive improvement by more than 15 points per 100 possessions to the best in the league gave them the best net rating improvement. Indiana improved in both categories like Washington, but they are still outside the playoff picture and New York's overall improvement still leaves them short of their postseason aspirations for now.
The y-axis represents the percentage of opponent misses that a team grabs and the x-axis represents percentage of a team's own misses that it grabs. Teams further to the right are proficient at offensive rebounding and teams higher up are proficient at defensive rebounding. Using rebounding percentage as a measure of rebounding is more useful because it is independent of the number of missed shots. Separating offensive and defensive rebounding helps as well because while defensive rebounding is important for all teams, offensive rebounding is often based on strategic choices by a team.
Connecticut takes care of the boards on both ends of the floor, grabbing the highest percentage of their own misses, a category they were league leaders in last year, and having the second best defensive rebounding percentage. Las Vegas makes it easier on their defense by corralling their opponents' misses better than any other team. Dallas may grab the second highest percentage of offensive rebounds, but all the extra opportunities have not helped their offensive efficiency. Phoenix rebounds the lowest percentage of their own misses by more than three percentage points, two percentage points lower than their league low from last year. Atlanta is struggling with defensive rebounding despite being above average on the other end of the floor.
Homecourt advantage has been a known effect in basketball for a long time so it should come as no surprise that every team has a better net rating at home than on the road so far this season. The blue bars represent the difference in points per 100 possessions scored at home. The red bars represent the difference in points per 100 possessions give up at home with a negative number meaning a better defense at home. The green bar is the difference in net rating at home and teams are listed in order of how much more efficient they are overall at home. Atlanta is the only team with worse offense at home, but only by a slim margin while Phoenix is the only team to play worse defense at home. The disparity is so strong that only Washington and Las Vegas have positive net ratings on the road. Given the teams different performances depending on venue, there could be insights to be gained in the playoff chase by how many games teams have left at home.
Los Angeles could be poised for a strong rest of the season, having battled through a schedule with more road games than anyone else. With twice as many home games left as road games, they should be in good shape even though their homecourt advantage is only about average and they will continue to not have their full roster for a number of games. Chicago has the most road games left of any team and while their offense has been about the same everywhere, their defense is worse on the road by a wider margin than any team. Unlike the other two top teams so far, Connecticut plays poorly on the road, sitting in the middle of the pack in net rating away from home. At home, they have the second best offensive and defensive ratings, only behind Washington on offense and Las Vegas on defense, thus giving them the biggest overall homecourt advantage. While they look to be outside of the playoffs, Dallas will still be on the hunt for their first road win, but their struggles are clear as they have a positive net rating at home, which explains their 5-5 record there, but the play worse on the road by the second biggest margin.
WNBA Free Agent List 2019!
January 12, 2019 by admin Leave a Comment
WNBA Free Agency is just around the corner! Teams can officially begin to contact players and their representatives beginning the 15th of January. In the past it's been difficult to gather a list of who is available but we've exclusively obtained this year's free agency list. There are four different types of free agents. Below is an explanation of the different designations in free agency.
CORE PLAYERS – The Core designation gives that team exclusive negotiating rights with the player. Players can receive a Core designation only four times in their career.
RESERVED PLAYERS – Players with three or fewer years of service are considered to be Reserved Players. The player's prior team has exclusive negotiating rights.
RESTRICTED FREE AGENTS – Players with four or five years of service are considered to be Restricted Free Agents. Restricted free agency gives the player's prior team the right to keep the player by matching a contract offer the player signs with another team (Right of First Refusal). If the player signs a contract offer with another team, the player's prior team has four days from the date it receives the offer to determine whether it wishes to match. If the offer is matched, the player will remain with her team. If the offer is not matched within the four-day period, the player will be under contract with the offering team.
UNRESTRICTED FREE AGENTS – An unrestricted free agent is free to sign with any team provided that she is not designated as a Core Player by her prior team.
See the list of free agents below and head over to our facebook page to discuss who you want your team to sign…
Filed Under: Transactions, WNBA Tagged With: free agency 2019, free agent, wnba, wnba free agency
International Names to Know for the 2019 WNBA Draft
January 1, 2019 by Andrew Leave a Comment
Last year's draft tied the 12 team era mark for most legal international draft picks. The strength of that draft class internationally was known for a number of years, but the 1999-born group has been steadily gaining momentum as the players have gotten older. Could last year's total be in danger after this draft? Here are some of players who could hear their name called next year and some lesser known players who could be surprise picks (name, potential position, national team, club team with country listed if not the same as national team):
Ezi Magbegor, PF, Australia, Melbourne Boomers
Generally considered the safest international prospect in this draft, Magbegor enters it having decided against heading to the United States for college, instead playing professionally. Economic realities for almost all Australian players mean that she will be looking to come over as soon as possible and is more likely to be available whenever possible than internationals from other countries. That means that a team might need to be willing to use a roster spot on her before she can produce as her skill level catches up to her athleticism, but for a team with a set rotation drafting later, her value could be hard to pass. An injury has limited her club minutes this season, but executives will be hoping that they get more of a chance to see her for the rest of the season before they pull the trigger.
Monique Conti, PG, Australia, Melbourne Boomers
Having played national league minutes for several seasons, Conti is no stranger to tough competition and a well known name from youth national team exploits. A particularly young prospect in this draft class, she most certainly would not back down from a challenge. Australia is historically a reliable place to find WNBA talent as financial realities mean that coming here is the best option, but that has changed somewhat in recent years. In the case of Conti, teams will wonder about her long term commitment to basketball as she also plays Australian Rules Football, but she will have been on the radar for longer than most of the players on this list.
Li Yueru, C, China, Guangdong
Having consistently put up numbers since her professional debut, Li has fallen behind some of the other names in attention, but her production has not slowed this season with Guangdong. While there is no doubting her ability locally, the questions about her long term potential due to athleticism and motor do persist. Her extensive experience playing with and against WNBA players should make her ready to contribute on the offensive end very quickly even if she needs to expand her skills long term. Her club's reliance on her now over more established veterans will mean that there will be plenty to evaluate before the draft.
Han Xu, C, China, Xinjiang
A big game against the United States at the World Cup moved Han from a player that everyone was looking forward to seeing to a player who could have the tools to be considered the top international prospect in the draft. In that game, the flashes of offensive ability that she showed in other settings came together for an impressive scoring outburst. While she may not be quick, her height and defensive instincts should make her an imposing figure in the paint in the near future. Paired with the league's most lethal scoring threat for most of the season, her club numbers are not spectacular, but show that she continues to play her role as she adjusts to this level of play for the first time and her recent increase in production is noteworthy.
Livia Gereben, SF, Hungary, Szekszard
The commitment to developing young players by Hungary in recent years has been commendable with plenty of domestic league time devoted to giving minutes and experience to new players. They are still looking to have an elite talent from this generation that can make it on a European if not global scale and Gereben is the hope of their 1999 birth year players. Playing key minutes for Szekszard for several seasons now, her continued development will be focused on rounding out her skillset to be a more complete small forward. There will be no shortage of tape for evaluators to watch before they decide on whether to risk a late round pick.
Tima Pouye, PG, France, Tarbes
The trend among French prospects has moved towards coming to the United States for college with minutes hard to come by in a very deep professional league, but there has tended to be at least one draft-caliber prospect staying and being eligible for the international route each season. This birth year's talent is Pouye, a young point guard who helped Tarbes make a surprise run to the finals last season. The team has opted to give her a bigger role this season, with somewhat inconsistent results, but the talent is clearly there. The question will be whether teams feel that it is at a level where the pick needs to be made now or if she will be a possible free agent target in the future.
Zala Friskovec, SG, Slovenia, Celje
Few young players have been putting up numbers like Friskovec at both the club and youth national team levels. She has been playing for local powerhouse Celje and has now gotten her chance to play on a bigger club stage. The youth friendly region has had a history of producing draft picks, but her team is filled with young players and it will be difficult to determine whether her production is due to being a bigger talent than her teammates and how much of her game will transfer at higher levels. If her shooting ability at this age is any indication, she could one day be considered one of Europe's best in that category.
Melisa Brcaninovic, SF, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Gyor (Hungary)
Having left her homeland at a very young age to pursue better economic opportunities, Brcaninovic has certainly been highlighted as a prospect for this draft for a while. She spent a year off the radar in Lebanon before Schio astutely snapped her up on a long term deal, loaning her out to the second division in Italy, where she carried on the Bosnian tradition of players that can do a little bit of everything. The next step was supposed to be this season in Hungary, but it has been radio silence since a productive preseason with only spot minutes of national team play. She is certainly a player who could work her way back into the draft picture in the upcoming months.
Ilayda Guner, C, Turkey, Istanbul University
Already a productive member of the full national team, Guner will be putting up impressive stats this season in the deepest league outside the WNBA. She is getting this opportunity because her club has backed away from being one of the top teams in the league, playing their youth instead of signing big name foreign players. That does mean that her stats are inflated, but it also gives teams the chance to compare her better directly with the top players that she is facing regularly.
Inci Guclu, C, Turkey, Galatasaray
Is there a height at which a player should automatically be considered a prospect? Guclu was last measured standing at 6'9″. Her lack of youth national team play last summer and few minutes at the club level last season left her as a bit of mystery coming into this season, but she has gotten spot minutes this season. As might be expected with her youth, she is still raw, but teams will certainly be trying to figure out what she could become given a few more years of development. With picks at the end of the draft often wasted, could a team find long term value late?
Klara Lundquist, PG, Sweden, Sodertalje
After producing several eye-catching scoring outputs in Sodertalje's foray into continental play, Lundquist has certainly increased her notoriety in Europe after solid youth national team play and an introduction to the full national team. Her team will only have the domestic league to worry about now, which makes it harder to compare her accomplishments, but it will also give her the chance to demonstrate some of her playmaking abilities. While she is an accomplished scorer, the current uptick in her shooting percentages will have to be watched to see if she has made the genuine strides in that area which will make the difference when she hits the next level.
Filed Under: Uncategorized, WNBA Tagged With: wnba
*VIDEO* ADIDAS 'When Creators Unite, She Breaks Barriers'
On Monday during the NFL's weekly Monday Night Football game, Adidas released their latest ad to empower women and girls in sport. It's core message is that sports brings confidence and with confidence brings tomorrow's leaders. All women should be given the opportunity to participate and break barriers in sport. WNBA champion Candace Parker who is one of Adidas' most famous athletes is featured in the ad. To show their commitment, Adidas released an open letter to its employees and to communities around the country. The letter called on everyone to join the effort and together, level the playing field and co-create the future of women's sport. Follow the brand's initiative with the hashtag #creatorsunite. She Breaks Barriers film below.
Filed Under: Blog, Videos, WNBA Tagged With: adidas, candace parker, la sparks, she break barriers, sparks, video, watch, when creators unite, wnba
Las Vegas Aces Ji-su Park Named WKBL Round 1 MVP
Ji-su Park is currently 10th in scoring and 3rd in rebounding this season.
WNBA rookie Ji-su Park is off to a great start in her home country being named MVP of the first round of play in the Korean League. Park led her team to a 5-1 start while averaging a double double of 12 points and 11 rebounds. KB Stars currently sit in second place just behind defending champions Woori Bank. Her time spent in the WNBA looks to be paying off as she has been more physical and a more all around player. She averages almost 5 assists as a center. Her work this season will pay dividends when she returns to the Aces this summer more prepared for play in the W.
Filed Under: Domestic Leagues, Uncategorized, WNBA Tagged With: korean, korean league, wkbl, wnba
Young Players to Watch at World Cup
This year's World Cup has a number of players who find themselves drafted next year or in the future. While most countries tend to rely on their more experienced players, more young players than usual are going to be expected to contribute in this tournament. Teams listed with players' names are for the upcoming season and the year is the earliest in which the player can be eligible to be drafted.
Ezi Magbegor, C, Melbourne Boomers (Australia), 2019: The clear favorite to be the top international player in this draft class, Magbegor had a difficult decision about whether or not to delay her WNBA dreams by attending college. By opting not to do so, she immediately put herself in position to be drafted in the first round next year. This will be the first big chance to see her on an international stage since then as she will be watched closely over the next few months before teams make a decision on where she stands relative to the older college players that she will be competing with for draft position.
Alanna Smith, PF, Stanford, 2019: A mildly surprising inclusion into the Opals roster that qualified for this event last year, she ended up putting up several big scoring outputs. Smith was asked to play a bigger role in her last college season as she was able to better show off her versatility as a forward. The team this year has a need for a forward and getting named ahead of more established players is worth noting again.
Bridget Carleton, SG, Iowa State, 2019: Canada has relied on a number of veterans over the past few cycles, but with some of them hitting retirement, new faces are being called upon to step up in their place. A contributor at the youth team level, Carleton has improved in each season in college and there is no reason to suggest that she will not be among the top scorers from power conference teams this year. While she did not shoot particularly well last year in qualifying for this event, she may find herself coming off the bench with the task of dialing it up from distance again.
Shay Colley, SG, Michigan State, 2019: Colley is not likely to be in this year's draft as a year sitting out due to transfer gives her two more college seasons, but she was given a prominent role off the bench last summer as they qualified for this tournament. As a multi-dimensional guard, she fits well with her teammates here and at Michigan State, but she will has some development ahead of her to establish herself as a professional.
Han Xu, C, Xinjiang (China), 2019: It has been clear for several years that there would be a Chinese player in consideration for the 2019 draft. More recently, the emerging opinion is that there should be two. Han has been more under the radar than her fellow young post player, playing at the school level last year, but her play this summer, starting with preseason games against WNBA teams, may lift her higher as a prospect. Of the two, Han has better defensive tools, and while her offensive game is nowhere near as refined, has still shown some ability to knock down jumpers. The big jump in competition will provide evaluators a better opportunity to see what she might be able to do in the future before the club season, when she will regularly be matched up against WNBA players.
Li Yuan, PG, Shandong (China), 2020: The youngest player in the tournament, Li has earned her spot with a solid summer for the team throughout the training process. While she has been off the club radar since playing up an age group at the last U19 World Championship, she will have plenty of chances to be evaluated for future potential before anyone has to make a decision. While she will not be the primary creator on the court with the team's experienced wings, there could still be a role here for her with the guard mix still up in the air.
Li Yueru, C, Guangdong (China), 2019: Li has been considered a prospect for the upcoming draft since breaking out at the youth national team level and then making an early splash at the professional level. Accustomed to getting her chances even with more experienced teammates, she will get the chance to show what she can do even with more experienced teammates contributing. Her post game is fairly polished and she is not the type of player to back down from a challenge, but this will be the start of her needing to answer questions about her long term prospects on a global scale, especially if athleticism is a concern.
Eleanna Christinaki, SG/SF, no club, 2019: Known for a turbulent college career at both Florida and Maryland, Christinaki was actually eligible for the last draft if she had decided to leave school sooner. Teams taking late round chances on talent alone could do far worse. Her exact professional destination is unknown at this point, making this tournament extra important for her if she wants to start out on a bigger stage, but she will have to pick her moments on a roster filled with veterans.
Mariella Fasoula, C, Vanderbilt, 2019: National team play is the only time that anyone has seen Fasoula in action recently after sitting out the last season to transfer. While she is eligible for next year's draft age-wise, it seems more likely that she plays out her college career at this point. This will be another good chance to see what she can do, but how she plays for a new school will be a bigger factor in how teams see her in the future, especially since she is unlikely to contribute anything other than defense and rebounding with more established scorers on the roster.
Monica Okoye, SF, Iris (Japan), 2019: Japan's rise in basketball has led to a shift in development as young players are now hitting the professional ranks earlier instead of spending their time in the university league. While that has exposed players to higher level play, most are not ready to contribute immediately and Okoye falls in that category. Teams are unlikely to see anything soon that would make them pull the trigger next year, but sustained skills development as she shifts down positions and the faith shown in her by naming her to this team could see her be a notable player down the road.
Latvia:
Kitija Laksa, SF, South Florida, 2019: Latvia was finally able to call on a full strength squad again last summer and were rewarded with a place in this tournament. Laksa's shooting helped them at critical times as her role with this team is likely to be different than what evaluators see in her college games given the experienced playmakers on this roster. College play will likely determine her WNBA potential, but this will be her opportunity to be a bigger name on an international level.
Digna Strautmane, SF, Syracuse, 2020: Having just finished her first year in college, it may be a while before anyone thinks about her pro potential, but Strautmane's impact internationally before and after she arrived in school means that she will always be a player to watch. A versatile forward, she will not be called on to score as she as she did at the youth national team level, but she could certainly fill in at a variety of roles when she is needed the most. Three more years of college development could make her a totally different player by the time 2021 rolls around although she can be picked in 2020 based on age.
Puerto Rico:
Isalys Quinones, PF, Dartmouth, 2019: She is likely to be drafted higher than anyone else in this article in 2019, but that will probably come in the Puerto Rican League Draft. A California native, Quinones has improved each season in college. With the national team needing depth in the post to supplement their guard-oriented play, she helped them to reach this stage and make history. While she may not be a WNBA prospect, she can certainly have a long career professionally if she chooses to pursue it as the Puerto Rican League will be waiting.
Senegal:
Yacine Diop, SF, Louisville, 2019: A key part of Pitt's brief resurgence, Diop has opted to spend her last college season at Louisville, where evaluators will be able to see her alongside other prospects on a regular basis ahead of the draft. It will be a good opportunity for her to show that she can continue to demonstrate her scoring prowess with improved efficiency. While there are a number of established players on this team, there is a role for her here, which will help her become better known around the world after relative obscurity, something that should help her throughout her professional career.
South Korea:
Park Ji-Hyun, SF, no club, 2020: After a player was drafted from South Korea in the latest draft and played immediately, could there be another one soon? Like the last young phenom in the country, Park has been fast-tracked to the senior national team, earning her spot with a productive summer. There will be plenty of time to evaluate where she stands compared to other prospects, especially as she makes the jump from the scholastic level to the professional level at home. The commitment to expanding her skillset beyond creating for herself bodes well for her future as one of the best Korean players and the opportunity to expand that globally.
Turkey:
Ilayda Guner, C, Istanbul University (Turkey), 2019: Coming off an excellent summer at the youth national team level, Guner earned a spot on this roster as she has been slowly integrated into the senior setup recently. She may not get much time to show what she can do here, but the more youthful approach taken by Istanbul University recently should afford her the chance to play big minutes in the coming year.
Filed Under: National Teams, Uncategorized Tagged With: fiba, olympics, wnba
Israeli League Round 14 January 19th-21st
Turkish League Round 15 January 18th-20th
Italian League Round 15 January 15th-19th
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The complete text of the chapter examining Islamic and Christian beliefs about the end of the world and the Second Coming of Christ, from The New Testament Era: An Islamic Perspective. Recent events have given new impetus to the more extreme interpretations of the eschatological texts of the Bible, especially Revelation. The meaning and implications of these are discussed here. Many Muslims feel that the Christian movements espousing such beliefs have targeted them as obstacles to be removed in order for Christ to return in glory. In this situation, it is important for Muslims to understand the ancient Biblical and religious roots of these extreme beliefs, their consequences for the prospects of peace in the contemporary world, and their potential impact upon the Islamic world.


Check out the Handmade Pledge site for inspiration and to sign the Handmade Pledge. It's a consortium of creators and crafters who are dedicated to making their own and buying from others who do the same! Great inspiration as you begin to create your own vision. Whipstitch's sister company, Pretty Jane, has been doing handmade since its inception, and the rewards are far greater than you can imagine at the outset.
Lots of things we take for granted are available as handmade, more sustainable alternatives. Learning to sew is a great, great start to being more in control of what you wear and utilize in your home, and where it comes from. Whipstitch is proud to be part of the Handmade, and we hope you'll take the pledge, too!


DealBook|Is Howard Schultz an Asset or a Liability for Starbucks?
Is Howard Schultz an Asset or a Liability for Starbucks?
A presidential run by Howard Schultz may be a double-edged sword for Starbucks investors.
The retired founder of the $78 billion coffee chain is widely expected to challenge Donald Trump for the presidency in 2020. Die-hard Starbucks customers might like to see the man who is responsible for their morning caffeine enter the political fray. But the company's domestic growth will come from Republican states. In the end, Mr. Schultz for president may just be a flat zero for the stock.
Credit Bill Ackman for putting the issue front and center for investors. The founder of the Pershing Square hedge fund revealed on Tuesday that his firm has bought 15 million shares, worth some $870 million at current prices, with a view to a "doppio" — or double, in Italian. The stock has been unloved by the market, Mr. Ackman said, because Wall Street is overly obsessed with same-store sales. As a result, the shares fetch around $58 a piece today, about the same as three years ago.
Mr. Ackman's bullish presentation at a conference held by the financial markets publication Grant's Interest Rate Observer was underpinned by a conviction that Kevin Johnson, the chief executive of Starbucks, has taken the right steps to increase sales at existing United States outlets, including combating a slump in sales of its famous Frappuccino drinks. At the same time, Mr. Ackman showed a map of the United States where, despite having 14,000 outlets, the company has little penetration in the Midwest and South. Most of those areas are Republican.
The risk is that by taking on Mr. Trump and the G.O.P. in states where Starbucks has little business, Mr. Schultz might become a liability to the company's expansion plans. America is already deeply divided over far lesser things than the taste — and provider — of their coffee. A liberal campaign by Mr. Schultz may be just what rival Dunkin' needs to take its brand beyond New England.
Blending those two effects suggests that, for Mr. Ackman and other investors, Mr. Schultz's effect on the stock may be a wash.
Rob Cox is editor of Reuters Breakingviews. For more independent commentary and analysis, visit breakingviews.com.


The 11th Annual Chicago night took place yesterday evening at the Arnold Hall Ballroom. All of the cadets from Illinois were invited and could bring up to 2 guests, over 300 guests in all were fed a taste of Chicago. There were 33 parents who made the trip to USAFA to set up, decorate, cook 46 Deep Dish and 15 thinner crust pizzas and prepare all the fixins for the Chicago Hot Dog Bar, cut Portillo chocolate cakes,serve and run games, and give out raffle prizes. There was another half dozen who helped with collections of donations, and picked up items, who were not able to attend.
They brought all the food from Chicago-land and it is authentic foods from Chicago restaurants. They served Giordonos and Unos deep dish and Home Run In traditional crust pizzas. They set up a classic Chicago style hot dog bar complete with all the fixin's and thorough instructions on how to fix your dog "The Chicago Dog (a Windy City classic), is a big favorite with sports fans! The frank must be all-beef, the bun must be poppy seed, the ingredients must be piled onto the bun in the order specified. And whatever you do, don't spoil the splendor with ketchup!"
Italian beef sandwiches with Turano buns, hot or mild Giardiniere, mozzarella cheese; Sweet Baby Rays Pulled Pork, chopped brisket and the famous Sweet Baby Rays bar bbq, Chopped Salad with Portillos dressing were also served. The famous Portillos Chocolate cake, gourmet cheese cakes, Fleckensteins delicious cookies all decorated in Chicago-land sports teams, Naper Nuts and sweets' Chicago mix popcorn, Cupcakes by Carol! (Colorado Springs) The reason why they served these foods was because they are "staples" for the Illinois resident's diets. Even though they call themselves Chicago night, they have the support from parents and organizations across the state. They also served Beer nuts, Fisher nuts and Green River soda.
Every Illinois cadet received a $10 grab bag gift card when they arrived. They also received a raffle ticket for the chance to win bigger valued gift cards, as well as a variety of Chicago sport themed swag, portable wireless chargers, speakers, ipods, and more. Their guests were given a raffle ticket with the chance to win a variety of prizes.
The Parents Clubs provided a fun evening of great food unique to the Chicago area, activities and raffles. They look forward to hosting the event again next year.
To view all the pictures from Chicago Night, go to Galleries > Extracurricular > Special Events or click the link below.


Polk Required IA Starting a Business Permits and Tax IDs.
In addition, to start your own Hair Nail and Skin Care Services business, the first step is to apply for a IA Home Occupation Business License Polk County Occupational Business License , Clive Business Permits IA Counties Business Tax Registration Sitemap, but IA Incorporation is at state level registration. The business license may be required from just one government level, such as the state, or any two or all levels of government may require you to get a permit or license. iowa . Starting a business in Clive, Iowa Hair Nail and Skin Care Services 50325 zip code, Fictitious Business Name Dikarlahauptlyesch.
Writing a business plan helps others will evaluate your Polk business. When seeking looking for investors or lenders will want to read your plan before funding.
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Where are you going to run your business? Is it going to be home-based? or a commercial location? Hire and train employees to help you run the business. Get a Polk merchant account to accept credit cards and you are ready to go!