text:
World criticism doesn't have Aung San Suu Kyi or Myanmar on the ropeshttps://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-criticism-doesnt-have-aung-san-suu-kyi-or-myanmar-on-the-ropes-5342514/
World criticism doesn't have Aung San Suu Kyi or Myanmar on the ropes
Monday's show-trial conviction of two Reuters reporters who helped expose extrajudicial killings of 10 Rohingya men and boys, has put a question on Aung San Suu Kyi's core ideology.
By AP |Bangkok | Published: September 6, 2018 10:54:05 am
Myanmar's Aung San Suu Kyi woos investors to crisis-hit Rakhine, decries 'negative' focus
Myanmar parliament approves panel to discuss Constitution despite military protest
President Ram Nath Kovind on four-day visit to Myanmar from December 10
Nobel Peace laureate Aung San Suu Kyi, a revered pro-democracy activist, had a reputation for being autocratic. (Reuters)
Myanmar's government looks as if it's under siege from an international community concerned about the condition of its nascent democracy, with widespread calls for a genocide tribunal to hold its military to account for the brutal treatment of its Muslim Rohingya minority.
But experts say not to expect any change of course from the country's leader, State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi, even after a fresh round of withering criticism from abroad following Monday's show-trial conviction of two Reuters reporters who helped expose extrajudicial killings of 10 Rohingya men and boys.
Suu Kyi's motivations are opaque. Even as a revered pro-democracy activist, the Nobel Peace laureate had a reputation for being autocratic, but now her core ideology has come into question.
There is at least a loose consensus that she faces real restrictions on her actions due to the power retained by the military that is enshrined in the constitution it imposed in 2007.
"Aung San Suu Kyi has tried to balance her delicate and antagonistic relationship with the military and her conception of society's needs, perhaps fearing too strident a stance could prompt an overt return to military rule, which is possible under the constitution in certain circumstances," David Steinberg, professor emeritus at Georgetown University, wrote in July in the online magazine The Diplomat.
Other observers are less generous, saying Suu Kyi's seeming impassivity toward the plight of the Rohingya and hostility toward those wishing to address the issue, undercut the narrative pitting her against the military.
"People tended to think that Aung San Suu Kyi and the military were at odds, and each feared that the other would dislodge them from power," said Khin Zaw Win, a rare outspoken critic of the government who directs the Tampadipa Institute, a Yangon-based capacity-building institution.
He said the conviction of the two Reuters journalists, who were sentenced to seven years in prison, is a reminder that "shows that what they fear in tandem is the world out there finding the truth and seeking to unseat them."
The old saying, "They have to hang together, or they hang separately," describes their situation, he said.
Political realities inside and outside Myanmar suggest there is neither the will nor a way to ensure justice for the Rohingya, 700,000 of whom fled to neighboring Bangladesh to escape a brutal counterinsurgency campaign by the army. Myanmar denies any large-scale human rights violations and says its actions were a response to surprise attacks by militants in August last year that killed a dozen members of the security forces. Critics charge it was ethnic cleansing.
Those inclined to bring Myanmar to account have few weapons to do so. Despite the recommendation last month of a special UN fact-finding commission that top Myanmar commanders be charged with genocide, no trial is likely to be held in the foreseeable future.
It's far from clear that any country would officially push prosecution, and certain that several would seek to frustrate it. Major powers that have never entertained much interest in human rights – China and Russia also have strategic reasons to cozy up to Myanmar, a well-situated outpost on the Indian Ocean.
"A tribunal at the International Criminal Court, for example, on genocide charges will be difficult to pull off," Murray Hiebert, a senior associate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, DC, said in an email interview. "Not only isn't Myanmar a member of the ICC, but a case must be brought by a member of the UN Security Council. China and Russia have made clear that they would block a case against Myanmar."
The desire to contain China's growing influence in Southeast Asia is a major issue.
"The US and most Western democracies want to avoid pushing Myanmar further in the arms of Beijing," Hiebert said.
Competition with China for geopolitical influence, as well as a friendship from regional countries anxious not to rock the boat or jeopardize investments, also limits the threat of unfriendly action.
"I think Myanmar can still count on most Southeast Asian countries as partners, and also India and probably Japan. Japan has been wary of taking a tough stance on the issues related to the Rohingya, for fear of losing strategic influence in Myanmar," said Joshua Kurlantzick, a senior fellow for the New York-headquartered Council on Foreign Relations.
Sanctions, the second-line approach to pressuring Myanmar, face the same constraints as pushing for a genocide tribunal, though nations inclined to do so can act unilaterally.
Hiebert noted that US Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, a stalwart supporter of Suu Kyi in her Nobel Prize-winning days as a freedom fighter against military rule, remains sympathetic to her and is a roadblock to tougher action by Washington.
"I think Myanmar and most of the population will hunker down in the face of more sanctions as they have stood up to most protests over the treatment of the Rohingya over the past year," Hiebert said. "They tell foreign visitors that they have resisted and survived sanctions before. The difference this time, of course, is that most of the population seems to support the military's moves against the Rohingya, while in the past many people seemed to support the sanctions to put pressure on the military to move toward greater democracy."
World criticism doesn't have Aung San Suu Kyi or Myanmar on the ropes
1 US Justice Department probes whether social media is 'stifling' speech
2 Anonymous Op-Ed in New York Times causes a stir online and in the White House
3 Fast-growing Northern California wildfire forces evacuations


Late this month I'm attending an international conference in my specialist field, but I don't actually have to go internationally. It's the first time the conference has been held in Australia, so it's too good an opportunity to pass up. My husband is coming along too, and will spend his time maximising the opportunity to attend some lectures at a college nearby, in his own specialist field. All in all, it's shaping up to be a great week for both of us.
Not only that, but one of my clients will be attending the conference too, and in fact will be presenting for the first time in front of a large professional audience. He's still in his teens, so he's super-excited about his first foray into public speaking, and will be presenting on what life looks like for him, as a person with extraordinary abilities but lots of physical challenges.
His presentation is far from perfect, but he has much to say that, if people are willing to listen, could make the lives of others a little less challenging and a lot more fulfilling. My job, as it's been all along, is to encourage and support him. My nature is to want to tweak and tweak his presentation until it's schmick. But then that would make it my presentation, and not his. I'm learning to keep my hands off, make some gentle suggestions, and then leave it to him to decide on the final content. It's NOT about me!
It's been a long, slow journey for him, getting to the point of being ready to present at this conference. Everything takes so much more time for him than for others who are more able-bodied. Perhaps it would help to think Stephen Hawking.
Secondly, while it may sound simple to use a switch for control of technology, there's a lot more to it than you might think. He likes to mess with people who ask him if he's controlling it all via his brain. His first response is always "yes" just to see the looks on their faces, but the reality is that he has to scan through a vast array of presented "cells" to select (with his switch) the ones that do, or say, or activate just the right option. He can scan at a fast rate, but it still often takes him several minutes just to compose one sentence.
While all this technology certainly affords him more independence and control than he's ever known before, sometimes it's still just not enough. And that frustrating timing component can be critical. Never more so than last year when this young man suddenly found himself needing to contact emergency services in the middle of the night. At the time he had no phone, so he did the only thing he could do, which was to try to raise someone on Facebook messenger. It took way too long.
Something I take for granted every day - the capacity to grab my phone and dial 000 - was out of reach for him. I can't even imagine how he must have felt, to be so helpless to do what he knew needed to be done.
Obviously this young man is no stranger to challenges and struggles, but his resilience has always inspired those who know him and have worked with him over the years. Not only that, but he has a wonderful sense of humour that draws others into his world. This is a young man with dreams and goals. He has much to say, and the means to say it, if he's just given the time and the opportunity.
I find it's always a helpful reality check to think about life from the perspective of someone with as many challenges, but as much determination, as this young man.
I'm really looking forward to witnessing his conference presentation and cheering him on.


Square Enix has just announced that The World Ends with You: Final Remix will release on September 27 in Japan. Final Remix is the enhanced version of the Nintendo DS original set to be released on the Nintendo Switch.
A Special Edition of the game was also announced called "It's a Wonderful Bag" edition that will be exclusive to the Square Enix e-Store.
Final Remix improved upon the original by using crisp HD resolution graphics and assets. It'll support the Switch's touchscreen and Joy-Con controls and will allow players to have local battles using one Joy-Con for each player. It'll also have a new scenario featuring the appearance of new reapers.
Lastly composer Takeharu Ishimoto has made new songs and arrangements for the game in addition to high quality versions of the original songs. The game will give you an option to switch between the original and re-arranged soundtrack.
Looking forward to the game? Let us know what you think in the comments.


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Q: Step by step NTLM authentication with System.Net.Http.HttpClient Im trying to implement NTLM authentication by myself.
The problem is when I try sending the type 1 message(NEGOTIATE_MESSAGE) the app throws a exception:

An error occurred while sending the request.

And

Exception thrown: 'System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException' in mscorlib.ni.dll
WinRT information: The login request was denied

Here is my code:
byte[] type1Message = new byte[40]
{
    // 'N',  'T',  'L',  'M',  'S',  'S',  'P',  '\0'
       0x4E, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x4D, 0x53, 0x53, 0x50, 0x00,
    // Type 1 message
       0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    // Flags
       0x97, 0x82, 0x08, 0xe2,
    // Supplied Domain
       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    // Supplied Workstation
       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    // OS Version Structure
       0x0A, 0x00, 0x39, 0x38, //0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    // Os version uknown
       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f
};

var _client = new HttpClient();
var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "http://localhost:60475/");
request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "NTLM " + Convert.ToBase64String(type1Message));
using (var response = await _client.SendAsync(request))
{
    if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
    {
        return;
    }
    else
    {

    }
}

In Fiddler I see that request is send and I would receive the correct answer.
Request header:
GET http://localhost:60475/ HTTP/1.1
Authorization: Negotiate TlRMTVNTUAABAAAAl4II4gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAKADk4AAAADw==
Host: localhost:60475
Connection: Keep-Alive

Response header:
HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Server: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
WWW-Authenticate: Negotiate TlRMTVNTUAACAAAAHgAeADgAAAAVgorixp1F6S8OipIAAAAAAAAAAJgAmABWAAAACgA5OAAAAA9EAEUAUwBLAFQATwBQAC0ATQA1ADMAUgBNAE8ASAACAB4ARABFAFMASwBUAE8AUAAtAE0ANQAzAFIATQBPAEgAAQAeAEQARQBTAEsAVABPAFAALQBNADUAMwBSAE0ATwBIAAQAHgBEAEUAUwBLAFQATwBQAC0ATQA1ADMAUgBNAE8ASAADAB4ARABFAFMASwBUAE8AUAAtAE0ANQAzAFIATQBPAEgABwAIALEnZjh/ltIBAAAAAA==
Date: Mon, 06 Mar 2017 13:40:29 GMT
Content-Length: 341
Proxy-Support: Session-Based-Authentication

Have I forgot something ?
Thank you for your help

A: This is a handshake, so you need to take in the NTLM challenge, use its nonce, and then create your own nonce, then take the password hash and do the math.  This site is amazing and the java in the appendix is easy to convert to c#
http://davenport.sourceforge.net/ntlm.html

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Some time last week it was reported in the news that 45 women had entered convents in England and Wales in 2014. This was a great leap from 10 a few years ago. It seems a very unlikely fact to capture the public interest and yet there were a number of reports on it and it even made the national television news. One journalist ( a woman of course) thought the idea quite a good one - no need to look for work, always looked after, enjoying the companionship of chums and an opportunity to make a difference in life. These reports were accompanied by photographs, all of nuns in religious habits which made them look out of touch with modern life.
I have been a nun, or more accurately a religious sister, for 50 years and no longer wear a habit but I have often been invited to talk on 'Why I Became Nun'. These invitations have come mostly from Presbyerian Churches who seem to be a bit intrigued by the life of a nun, though many Catholics still don't understand why sisters changed out of the habit and now appear to be living a very ordinary life - the answer is that our intention is not to make ourselves different or cut ourselves off from the rest of society but to live a life of service and commitment through the vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. I've also found Muslims baffled by a life that embraces celibacy as procreation for them is seen as a divine obligation. Recently I found myself telling an Ayatollah that I was a sister because I felt such strong attraction to God and things spiritual to the extent that God was the love of my life. I suprised myself with this comment but realise it's true even though I don't know who or what God is.
This attraction is felt by others who don't have a sense of a personal God but the desire to commit one's only life to whatever is absolute is as much part of a Buddhist nun's life as a Christian's. In dialogue with Buddhist nuns I have felt a real sense of sisterhood and solidarity and while the language and pattern of life might be different the reality at the heart of it seems to be very much the same. I've not had the same experience in talking with Hindu nuns but I'm sure the experience would be the same. It's this sameness that made monastic interfaith dialogue so fruitful and it's this dialogue that paved the way for more formal dialogue in the Catholic Church.
While Islam has no formal religious life there have been women who have rebelled against the expectation of marriage and family to dedicate themselves totally to God. A favourite of mine is Rabia. Rabia lived in Iraq in 8th century, close to the beginnings of Islam, a bit like the desert mothers and fathers in Christianity who chose a committed way of life when Christianity became the religion of the Empire. She was born into a poor family, sold into slavery, lived a life of prayer and asceticism for a time and eventually recognised as a great saint. Miracles were associated with her like the story of a holy man, Ibrahim b, Adham, who spent fourteen years travelling to the Kaba'ah, praying on every step. When he arrived, the Kaba'ah was not there because it had gone to meet Rabia who was also on her way to Mecca. Rabia's reputed comment was " you traversed it with ritual prayer but I with personal supplication..........The Kaba'ah which I see has no power over me. What joy does the beauty of the Kaba'ah bring to me?" For Rabia true religion was not focussed on religious ritual but on a personal relationship with God which would bring about inner and personal transformation. She realised that religion can become an end in itself and block relationships with God. " Sufyan would be a good man if only he did not love the Traditions", she is reported to have said.
In this way Rabia fits well into the tradition of religious life which is prophetic in that it challenges religious systems that are always in danger of becoming institutionalised and focussing on their own survival. It points to the heart of religion - human flourishing and well-being. Religions would be the poorer without it and any sign that there's a renewed interest in it is a good thing.
The gift of suffering?
Last night I took part in an interfaith event at which my friend Ani Lhamo from Samye Ling Tibetan Monastery introduced mostly Christians to the Buddhist scriptures. This was the last in a series of conversations in which people from different religions had talked about their holy books, their approach to scripture, how it was used at home and in their places of worship. In all the faiths the scriptures were treated with great respect and obviously loved by those who drew strength from them and followed their guidance. Perhaps the most touching moment of all the inputs was the sharing of a favourite passage of scripture and the opportunity for all those present to take some time to quietly reflect and share their thoughts on the passage. Not all religions approach their scripture in this way. In Christianity there is a practice called lectio divina which is the slow reading of a passage, allowing any word or phrase to resonate, letting it challenge, encourage or deepen our relationship with God. Tich Nhat Hanh uses the analogy of listening to the resonance of the bell to describe this listening to the resonance of the word and letting it penetrate deeply into our psyche and soul.
For some people the similarity to the Christian scriptures was immediately noticeable though sometimes I wondered if noticing similarities was a way of staying with the familiar in the face of new ideas and concepts. Whatever, it was obvious that all the passages we were given contained a wisdom which for believers could be said to be the Word of God. It was wonderful to realise the gift of wisdom that there is in the scriptures of the world's religions - a wisdom that is available to all of us. They all contained good solid advice for living a good life. More than one presenter reflected on how moving it was to have someone of another faith reflect and comment on their scripture - something that is done regularly in scriptural reasoning groups and a great way of entering into the religion of another.
Last night we heard about the immense number of Buddhist scriptures - the one hundred volumes of the Words of the Buddha and the even larger number of commentaries on this. This was quite different from the Gospels or the Torah or the Qur'an that can be contained in one book and carried around by believers to be read and studied at will. But Ani Lhamo introduced us to one of her favourite teachings ( interestingly we found that not all religions used the word scripture). It was a few verses from 'The Thirty-Seven Verses on the Practice of a Bodhisattva' and though based on the words of the Buddha it was written by Gyalse Ngulchu Thogme in the early 14th century. I love the idea of a Bodhisattva which is someone who vows to stay within the confines of rebirth until all sentient beings are saved. A great Bodhisattva is Avolektishvara whose name means 'he who hears the cries of the world' and this listening to the cries of the world and responding with love and compassion sums up the vocation of a bodhisattva.
In my reflection I couldn't get beyond the first verse given to us which was in fact verse 11. It said
'all suffering without exception arises from desiring happiness for oneself'
I couldn't help wonder about this. For Buddhists desire and grasping lead to suffering and to let go and practise detachment can bring peace of mind and serenity. This sounds lovely but I can't help thinking that suffering, particularly grief and bereavement are the flip sides of love. Is it possible to have love and commitment without grief and suffering? Is grief at a death or breakdown of a relationship not an expression of love and is it not something to be lived through. Thomas Moore, a favourite writer of mine, would say that these instances of suffering and other sufferings that come from our personalities are ways of getting in touch with our humanity, that it is these instances that develop our souls, that deepen our understanding of what it means to be human. There is a passage in the Christian scriptures in which Simeon tells Mary the Mother of Jesus that a sword shall pierce her heart. I have often thought that there comes a moment in all our lives when a sword pierces our heart, It is broken open and nothing is quite the same again. But perhaps it is in the breaking open of our heart that we develop compassion and understanding for others. Perhaps it is in the breaking open of our heart that we can make room for others, that we can live a soulful life. In this sense suffering might be a gift - not that this makes it any easier but perhaps a little bit more meaningful.
Paschal Joy
Lent is over and I've come across some interesting lenten practices that certainly got me thinking. For example in the USA an American Muslim promoted the idea of Muslims for Lent and many Muslims took to social media to say what they'd be giving up for lent this year, whether it be chocolate, fried chicken or whatever. The reason for it was to show solidarity with persecuted Christians, particularly in light of the recent murder of 21 Coptic Christians by Islamic State militants. The inspiration came from Bassel Riche who is reported as saying "Thus far, the reaction from Muslims and Christians alike has been wonderful and overwhelmingly positive........ "Many of my Christian friends have responded showing their support and appreciation for these interfaith efforts. I hope this is just the beginning." He told The Independent that he was inspired to start the campaign after non-Muslim students joined in with the Muslim Students Association's Ramadan Fast-a-Thon at his former college, the University of Houston.
Fast-A-Thon has become an annual event, normally, held during the month of Ramadan on university campuses all across North America. It's purpose is to create awareness of the Islamic way of life as well as world hunger. Students are invited to join their Muslim brothers and sisters in a one day fast, which according to the Islamic tradition is no eating or drinking during the hours of daylight. Students are then encouraged to donate what they have spent on food and drink to be given to charity and are invited to break the fast with other Muslims at the end of the day. The first fast-a-thon took place at the University of Tennessee in 2001 after 9/11 to help dispel misconceptions about Islam and Muslims. Since then it has become a national event that includes a large number of colleges and universities throughout the US but so far I haven't heard of it in Britain.
I like this idea of fasting in some way or other as an act of solidarity, not only with those who are hungry but also with those who are persecuted for their faith. It helps us enter into the world of another without too much effort.
Another lenten story I read about was an American woman who decided to wear the hijab for the forty days of lent. According to the BBC report Jessie Eagen, who works in a Church in Illinois said she wanted to put herself in someone else's shoes and hoped that her practice of solidarity and empathy with the Muslim community would foster interfaith dialogue. While the people in her Church were very supportive she had some antagonistic comments on social media that rather shocked her and one Muslim woman's blog I read thought that all she had to do to understand Muslim women was talk to them. At first I wondered if I could do that next lent but don't think I'm inclined to. For one thing I have worn the hijab - on a visit to the Islamic city of Marawi in the Philippines at a time when westerners were being kidnapped and we had to be protected by armed guards. I found it difficult to manage and my attempts were anything but the sophisticated way many Muslim women wear their scarfs. I've also worn a religious habit so know what it's like to be pointed at and laughed at and I wouldn't want to go back to that in any way. i like the freedom to express myself as i want. Perhaps though I would join in World Hijab day, especially if I lived in a country like France that wanted to ban it in public.
But lent is now over and Easter is here. This year the Jewish festival of Pesach happened to be on Good Friday. In the Middle Ages this would have been the cause of violence against Jews and many Jews learned to keep away from public view on the last three days before Easter - days that are specially solemn in the Christian calendar. Thank God those days are over and Christians are once again recognising the Jewishness of Jesus and their familial relationship with the Jewish community. This year I was particularly blessed in being invited to share the Passover meal with Jewish friends. It was a long affair but a wonderful example of how to celebrate and remember within a family situation. I wish our Christian eucharist was more familial. I was very impressed because the seder ( the order of service that we used) referred constantly to injustices in our world. At one point it is customary to dip a finger in wine and drop it on a plate as the ten plagues are recited. We did that but we also followed with naming 10 plagues in our modern society – injustice, poverty, violence, human trafficking etc. We opened the door to welcome Elijah but also the poor and the stranger. There was no way this was just looking back on a past event. It was also offering inspiration and encouragement for future action. For me this was the highlight of my celebration of Easter. Both festivals are about freedom, remembering past graces, aware of present failures. Both festivals are about claiming our dignity as God's people and knowing that we can make a difference in the world, following in our respective traditions, respecting eachother and strengthened by our common bonds of love and friendship. This is surely the gift of Pesach and Easter. I am so happy to have experienced it this year.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The stats are pretty awful. AD and the neurodegenerative diseases in general (the most common being Alzheimer's, Parkinsonism and Motor Neurone Disease) are all increasing in frequency. Neurodegenerative deaths in the over-65 age group have increased 300% in men, and 500% in women since 1995 (1). The standard position is that this increase is due to the fact that we are all living longer, but I do not believe this. Life expectancy has been falling in the USA for the last 3 years (2), and more recently it has begun to fall in the UK also (3). I predict it will soon start falling also in Germany, Ireland, Belgium and Finland.
I'm pretty confident about this prediction because these are the countries that, after the USA and the UK, consume the greatest amounts of processed and ultra-processed foods. Such foods provide plenty of empty calories but little if any nutrients, a toxic combination that leaves the body fat, diabetic and inflamed –the ideal conditions for creating neurodegenerative disease (4). This in my view is a more likely explanation for the increasing number of victims than simple demographics, and it is supported by evidence that Western (processed) diets are more likely to produce neuro-degenerative disease than the nutrient-dense and anti-inflammatory Mediterranean diet (5, 6).
Dale Bredeson, a professor at UCLA and head of LA's Buck Institute, has already shown that some cases of early onset AD can be reversed with a well-designed broad spectrum nutritional program (7). His work also indicates that there may be many roads to Alzheimer's, involving different insults such as chronic inflammation, dysnutrition, endocrine changes and exposure to toxins. Dale is an excellent speaker so if you hear that he is coming to lecture at a facility near you, I urge you to go and listen to him.
A build-up of beta amyloid in the brain has long been recognised as a hallmark of Alzheimer's, and a number of pharma approaches to beta amyloid reduction have been tried – with null results. One problem is that beta amyloid is not a static target; the amyloid in the plaques is dynamic, ie there are processes that form it and other processes that remove it. It is only when the rates of deposition outstrip the rates of removal that the amyloid plaque grows, and starts to kill significant numbers of neurones.
In the diabetic, beta amyloid formation and deposition is increased. But so is chronic inflammatory stress, and there are also disruptions in various cell signalling pathways; so there are many ways in which diabetes creates a tendency to lose your mind. To put this in context, an out-of-control food industry has now left almost half of all adult Americans with metabolic syndrome or Type 2 diabetes (8). From this perspective, the current figures for dementia and early neurodegenerative death have nowhere to go but up.
Taking more exercise and eating less sugars and starches (the cure for Type 2 diabetes) is, therefore, a legitimate preventative strategy. However, for an even more protective approach, we can also work on the amyloid removal side of the equation. To achieve this, we must focus on the brain's immune system.
The immune cells in the brain are mostly microglia, and these have many roles in brain function. Some of them are good, and some are not so good. On the plus side microglia do their best to kill off pathogens, should any manage to enter the brain. On the minus side they can, if over-activated, cause inflammation which can make brain disease worse. But it is their third main action that may be the most relevant here. They remove beta amyloid.
The microglia have, on the surface of their cell membranes, a receptor called TREM2. TREM2 recognises beta amyloid, and binds to it; and this binding instructs the microglia to go after the beta amyloid and break it down (9).
Mutations in this receptor which make the microglial cell less able to bind to beta amyloid are associated with rapidly worsening Alzheimers. Conversely, adding TREM2 to knock-out mice bred without TREM2, stops the otherwise inevitably rapid progression of the disease (10).
And this is where old-fashioned bakers yeast comes in. Bakers yeast (aka Saccharomyces cerevisiae) contains compounds called 1-3, 1-6 beta glucans, and these stimulate the microglia very effectively indeed – without triggering excess cytokine release (11). And they do one other, very interesting thing. In an unrelated study, the beta glucans were found to increase the regenerative capacity of brain cells (12); to such an extent that they enabled severed optic nerves to heal. The evidence suggests that the ability of the brain to repair damage is mediated via the immune system, and our sterile times – characterized by a lack of beta glucan – not only makes us more allergic (see previous posts), but also prevents the brain from healing after injury.
The above suggests that the amended hygiene hypothesis, which links yeast exposure to allergy, may need to be extended to cover Alzheimers as well.
But could a pinch of bakers yeast really provide protection against Alzheimers, and improve brain resilience in general?
When I introduced the 1-3, 1-4 beta glucans at a UK nutritional science conference in 1996, I was roundly (and publically) criticized by a very established Professor for suggesting that a humble household item could increase resistance to infection. In his defence, he was unaware of the several hundred papers in the literature which showed that the beta glucans did just that; and just because I was right then does not make me right now. But from what I have seen, I think that adding a pinch of the 1-3, 1-6 beta glucans to your daily regime could prove to be an excellent investment in your long-term health.
Hiam L, Harrison D, McKee M, Dorling D. Why is life expectancy in England and Wales 'stalling'? J Epidemiol Community Health. 2018 May;72(5):404-408.
Bharadwaj P, Wijesekara N, Liyanapathirana M, Newsholme P, Ittner L, Fraser P, Verdile G. The Link between Type 2 Diabetes and Neurodegeneration: Roles for Amyloid-β, Amylin, and Tau Proteins. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;59(2):421-432.
Romagnolo DF, Selmin OI. Mediterranean Diet and Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Nutr Today. 2017 Sep; 52(5): 208–222.
Gardener H, Caunca MR. Mediterranean Diet in Preventing Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Nutr Rep. 2018 Mar;7(1):10-20.
Bredesen DE. Reversal of cognitive decline: a novel therapeutic program. Aging (Albany NY). 2014 Sep;6(9):707-17.
Zhong L, Wang Z, Wang D, Wang Z, Martens YA, Wu L, Xu Y, Wang K, Li J, Huang R, Can D, Xu H, Bu G, Chen XF. Amyloid-beta modulates microglial responses by binding to the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2). Mol Neurodegener. 2018 Mar 27;13(1):15.
Zhao Y, Wu X, Li X, Jiang LL, Gui X, Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhu B, Piña-Crespo JC, Zhang M, Zhang N, Chen X, Bu G, An Z, Huang TY, Xu H. TREM2 Is a Receptor for β-Amyloid that Mediates Microglial Function. Neuron. 2018 Mar 7;97(5):1023-1031.e7.
Shah VB, Huang Y, Keshwara R, Ozment-Skelton T, Williams DL, Keshvara L. Beta-glucan activates microglia without inducing cytokine production in Dectin-1-dependent manner. J Immunol. 2008 Mar 1;180(5):2777-85.
Baldwin KT, Carbajal KS, Segal BM. Neuroinflammation triggered by β-glucan/dectin-1 signaling enables CNS axonregeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Feb 24;112(8):2581-6.


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Sutera Harbour Resort welcomes the year of the Monkey
Joanne Lee - February 6, 2016
Venice's Gastronomy by Chef Daniele at Ferdinand's, Sutera Harbour
NTV7 爱食客3 with Ernest 张顺源
Dining in the Sky Malaysia – Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
Jollibee plans to expand to Malaysia and the first store will be in Sabah
Food reimagined, coffee redefined – 5 course Degustation menu with coffee pairings
Inspired by the abundance of local produce and fresh catch of Sabah, Adelphi & Co. and INCH Coffee embarked on this journey of collaboration. A very first of its kind in the humble city of Kota Kinabalu, to present a 5-course degustation menu with...
CaffeBene Imago KK Bingsu Eating Competition
Joanne Lee - August 25, 2016
Are you ready for some icy cold fun? in conjunction with Malaysia Day, Cafe Benne Imago KK Sabah organise a Bingsu Eating Competition. Be the first contestant to finish a single size bowl of bingsu and win CaffeBene imported merchandise and cash voucher! Spend a min of...
Agoda reveals 2019's top destinations for travelers during the Spring Festival
Joanne Lee - January 31, 2019
Kuala Lumpur, 31 January 2019 – Bangkok, Tokyo and Taipei are the top three most popular destinations for Asia Pacific travelers over the Lunar New Year period in 2019, according to booking data from Agoda, one of the fastest growing digital travel platforms. This...
New Android App Unlocks Local Food For Tourists
Joanne Lee - September 20, 2015
Users explore local cuisine with over 900 Malay dishes and food translations A new Android app is enabling tourists from around the world to explore the delicious cuisine of Malaysia in more depth than ever before. FoodTranslator, available in the Google Play Store for free,...
Le Meridien Kota Kinabalu Launches TWG Tea Event
Le Meridien Kota Kinabalu launched the partnership with renowned brand TWG Tea at a Tea Tasting event at the hotel's Table of Curiousity, The Hub. I was so excited to know that TWG finally making its way to Kota Kinabalu even though it's under...
Chef Kris Budiarto, Executive Pastry Chef of Le Meridien Kota Kinabalu
'I did not choose pastry, I fell in love with it". Curios about the hospitality industry, Chef Kris started his career as a waiter and soon after realized his deep love and passion for pastry. Born in Jakarta, Chef Kris served in several leading...
Joanne Lee - July 3, 2018
Philippines' top fast food chain, Jollibee plans to open their first store in Malaysia and the first store could be located at Kota Kinabalu. Jollibee has major expansion plans to open 500 new Jollibee outlets, including in new markets such as Malaysia, Indonesia, and the United...
Sandakan Food Festival – Happening this August 2017!
Have you caught wind? The first ever Sandakan Food Festival is finaly happening this August from 26th August to 2nd September 2017. It will be a 8 days celebration of food at Festival village and throughout Sandakan. For more details follow them on their...
CAMACA Imago Mall – Malaysia's first flagship shop
Joanne Lee - May 29, 2016
Invited review CAMACA, means, "C" initial such as chocolate, coffee, ice-cream, cake, and cookie; A means Grade "A" products, "MA" denotes motherly love. CAMACA started from a cocoa farm in Taiwan. The company develops assorted chocolate confectioneries and maintains its products to be organic, homemade and low calories. They...
Jesselton Philharmonic Orchestra's first dinner concert by the South China Sea in Kota Kinabalu
Jesselton Philharmonic Orchestra, a community orchestra based in Kota Kinabalu organized the first Soiree by the South China Sea at Tanjung Garden, Shangri-La's Tanjung Aru Resort & Spa. The concert will be held on Friday, 24 August 2018. The event is supported by Shangri-La's Tanjung Aru Resort...
Now you can shipped your items from Taobao to Sabah from RM4
Joanne Lee - October 8, 2018
Buying online is the trend nowadays and Sabahan are one of the most active online shoppers in Malaysia. Local E-Commerce website (Lazada, Zalora, Shopee) provide more alternative to the limited things in the markets. For the adventurous, shopping at Taobao provide better alternatives at...
Ayam Brand™ Healthy KIDS Food Festival Fuels Better Food Choices
Joanne Lee - October 30, 2018
Ayam Brand Provides Contribution of Healthy Product Sufficient for Two Months to Four Charity Homes in Sabah Malaysia is named as one of the ASEAN countries that has the highest prevalence of obesity among children and adolescence with 23.7% of our children and adolescent being...
10-Years-Old boy brain Tumour Boy Muhammad Saiful Bin Ali Gets his wish to meet his Idol, Datul Aznil Nawawi
Joanne Lee - November 27, 2015
MUHAMMAD SAIFUL BIN ALI, 10 who hails from Putatan, in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah got his wish to meet his idol; TV host and producer Datuk Aznil Nawawi in person at a special event organized by the Children's Wish Society of Malaysia. Saiful was caught unawares...
First Sandakan Food Festival 2017 open for registration
Joanne Lee - June 1, 2017
The first Sandakan Food Festival (SFF), themed Oceans, Land and Forests, will serve a culinary selection that is uniquely Sandakan, and Sabahan.; gathering traditions from Chinese, Malay, Kadazan-Dusun, and more ethnic styles of cooking. The festival will be spread over 8 days, from the 26th...
Top 5 WorldHotels Destinations for the Perfect Female Solo Trip
Joanne Lee - March 7, 2019
Over the years, solo female travel has been steadily on the rise and is showing no signs of stopping. While some might be a little daunted at first to go on a trip alone, solo travel can be extremely rewarding by helping women achieve...
#grabdurian – lousy Grab campaign
Joanne Lee - September 9, 2017
Grab, One of our favorite ride sharing apps notify us about #grabdurian is back and we get a free D24 durian using GrabReward points. From their press release, Grab stat that "Grab is giving Durian lovers a chance to have the delectable D24 Durian delivered right to...
Hyatt Regency Kinabalu celebrates Chinese New Year with Lion Dance performances for guests
Hyatt Regency Kinabalu treated their hotel guests and members of the public with its annual five-star Chinese New Year lion dance performance on the second day of Chinese New Year to usher in the Year of the Monkey. Hyatt Regency Kinabalu believes in "Caring...
Kota Kinabalu Food Festival 2015
Joanne Lee - April 6, 2015
Kota Kinabalu Food Festival first started in 2011 and currently running its fifth (5th) year event that will held in Suria Sabah Shopping Mall. It is a three (3) days event that showcases food and beverage establishments, food suppliers, and food manufacturers from all...
éclairs and champagne-based Sparkling at Le Meridien Kota Kinabalu
Le Meridien Kota Kinabalu recently launched their signature new sweet treat - éclairs, and champagne-based range of beverages - Sparklingheld at the hotel's Lobby Lounge. Guests enjoyed the new signature champagne-based Oceanus Breeze, Lychee Bellini, Strawberry Ecstacy, Crushed Emerald Projito, and mocktails Crushed Red Velvet, Infused...
The Pillars of Sabah 2.0
Joanne Lee - March 30, 2019
Occupying the former Land and Survey building, in the heart of Kota Kinabalu, Pillars of Sabah was established with the aim to bring together the local community through art, and in the process highlight issues relevant to Sabah. Renowned international artist, Hong Yi co-organise...
"Bazaar Ramadhan" buffet at Le Meridien Kota Kinabalu
Joanne Lee - June 22, 2015
Kota Kinabalu, 19 June 2015 ~ Le Meridien Kota Kinabalu continues to lead the city's quest for inspired dining with this year's "Bazaar Ramadhan"-themed Iftar buffet. This is the 7th year since the hotel introduced the innovative Ramadhan buffet to delighted diners. Listing more than...
Sabah Food Awards Voting
Joanne Lee - November 8, 2015
we are proud to launch the voting for 1st Sabah Food Awards. On our first ever food award, we want to search for the Top 20 foods in the Kota Kinabalu City Food Centre. You may ask why we only choose Kota Kinabalu city centre...
吳尊 Wu Chun Burger king Centrepoint Grand Opening
Burger king Centrepoint grand opening by Wu Chun. Thanks to Burger King, we manage to see him in person. He is such a cheerful and friendly guy. If you wondering if he is the owner for Burger King, Wu Chun admit that he is...
Berbuka Puasa at the heart of Kota Kinabalu at Shangri-La's Tanjung Aru Resort & Spa
Shangri-La's Tanjung Aru Resort & Spa's Café TATU welcomes the holy month of Ramadan with an array of sumptuous and delicious buka puasa treats for guests during the fasting month of Ramadan 2017 Throughout the fasting month, Café TATU will offer guests a variety of...
Taiwan Food Promotion at Shangri-La's Tanjung Aru Resort & Spa
Joanne Lee - August 7, 2015
Kota Kinabalu, August 2015 – Renowned chef Dr. Eddie Liu is in Kota Kinabalu for a two-week Taiwanese food promotion from August 7 to 21, 2015 at Shangri-La's Tanjung Aru Resort & Spa. The food promotion will feature culinary creations by Liu, who is also...
Can't Help Fallin' in Love with Malaysia
Joanne Lee - February 13, 2019
Press release 13 Feb 2019 - Fall in love with Malaysia all over again as you discover more about its uniqueness with Agoda Love is in the air! Chocolates, flowers and candlelit dinners abound; cheesy love songs and romantic dedications play around the clock. Yes,...
Kota Kinabalu, July 9, 2015 – Renowned chef Dr. Eddie Liu is in Kota Kinabalu for a two-week Taiwanese food promotion from August 8 to 22, 2015 at Shangri-La's Tanjung Aru Resort & Spa. //embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.jsThe food promotion will feature culinary creations by Liu, who is...
Thai Smile Airways To Fly Direct To Kota Kinabalu From Bangkok
THAI Smile will on March 26 start operating regular flights to Kota Kinabalu, capital of Malaysia's Sabah state, the fourth ASEAN destination to be flown by THAI Smile. The flight from Bangkok to Kota Kinabalu will take 3 hours 20 minutes. Thai Smile Airways operate...
Celebrate in the City with a myriad of year-end activities around Marina Bay, Singapore
Eight marquee events will transform the district into a spectacular celebration venue From now till New Year's Eve, Marina Bay will be pulsating with activities as Celebrate in the City, an exciting line-up of events and experiences, brings the public together to usher in 2019. The...
Aeon launches its first store in East Malaysia at Kuching
Strengthening and expanding their presence to East Malaysia, AEON CO. (M) BHD. will launch their first MALL in the region on 20 April 2018 which host its first AEON Store. Located only 25 minutes away from Kuching town, AEON MALL Kuching Central endeavors to...
10 most popular foods on Sabaheats Instagram
Sabah Pork Egg Roll ( Chun Kien) 客家春卷
New Retaurants,Cafes and Eateries in Kota Kinabalu Year 2018


text:
Methazolamide
Not to be confused with methimazole, metamizole, or acetazolamide.
N-(3-Methyl-5-sulfamoyl-3H-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylidene) ethanamide
N-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-3-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3H)-ylidene]acetamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor[1]
Glaucoma[1]
Numbness, hearing problems, tiredness, nausea, diarrhea, sleepiness[1]
Within 4 hrs[1]
Up to 18 hrs[1]
~14 hours
C5H8N4O3S2
O=S(=O)(C\1=N\N(C(=N/C(=O)C)/S/1)C)N
InChI=1S/C5H8N4O3S2/c1-3(10)7-4-9(2)8-5(13-4)14(6,11)12/h1-2H3,(H2,6,11,12)/b7-4- Y
Key:FLOSMHQXBMRNHR-DAXSKMNVSA-N Y
Methazolamide, sold under the brand name Neptazane among, is a medication used to treat increased intraocular pressure (IOP) including in glaucoma.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1] Effects begin within 4 hours and last for up to 18 hours.[1]
Common side effects include numbness, hearing problems, tiredness, nausea, diarrhea, and sleepiness.[1] Other side effects may include Stevens-Johnson syndrome.[1] It is an carbonic anhydrase inhibitor which decreases the production of aqueous humor.[1]
Methazolamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1950s.[1][2] In the United States 60 tablets of 50 mg costs about 125 USD as of 2021.[3]
It is used for open angle glaucoma and secondary glaucoma.[1] Also it is used preoperatively in acute angle-closure (narrow-angle) glaucoma where lowering the IOP is desired before surgery.[1]
The typical dose is 50 to 100 mg two or three times per day.[1]
↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 "Methazolamide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
↑ Supuran, Claudiu T.; Nocentini, Alessio (17 July 2019). Carbonic Anhydrases: Biochemistry and Pharmacology of an Evergreen Pharmaceutical Target. Academic Press. p. 271. ISBN 978-0-12-816745-8. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
↑ "Methazolamide Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 5 November 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
S01EC05 (WHO)
CAS Number: 554-57-4 Y
PubChem CID: 4100
W733B0S9SD
D00655 N
ChEMBL19 N
Drugs used for glaucoma preparations and miosis (S01E)
Apraclonidine
Brimonidine (+timolol)
Dipivefrine
Parasympathomimetics
muscarinic
Aceclidine
Pilocarpine
muscarinic/nicotinic
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Demecarium
Ecothiopate
Stigmine (Fluostigmine
Neostigmine
Physostigmine)
Paraoxon
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors/
(sulfonamides)
Brinzolamide (+timolol, +brimonidine)
Diclofenamide
Dorzolamide (+timolol)
Beta blocking agents
Befunolol
Levobunolol
Metipranolol
Mepindolol
Prostaglandin analogues (F2α)
Bimatoprost (+timolol)
Latanoprost (+timolol)
Travoprost (+timolol)
Unoprostone
Dapiprazole
Netarsudil/latanoprost
Ripasudil
This antihypertensive-related article is a stub. You can help MDWiki by expanding it.
Retrieved from "https://mdwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Methazolamide&oldid=1332484"
Articles with changed KEGG identifier
Acetamides
Sulfonamides
Antihypertensive agent stubs


Lightly grease a 6 inch by 2 ½ inch cake ring and place on a tray on a sheet of parchment paper.
Break each of the biscuits into almond size pieces by hand and set aside.
Melt the 4 ounces of chocolate and add to the butter mixture whilst constantly stirring.
Spoon the mixture into the prepared cake ring. Try to fill all of the gaps on the bottom of the ring because this will be the top when it is un-molded.
Chill the cake in the refrigerator for at least three hours.
Remove the cake from the refrigerator and let it stand while you melt the 8 ounces of chocolate.
Carefully run a knife around the bottom of the cake where the chocolate has stuck it to the cake wire and lift it onto a tea plate.


Focus and timely decisions from regulators and policymakers are essential to successfully move into 2019.
We start with the most obvious issues first: The State of South Carolina questions about nuclear debt and the ownership of Santee Cooper.
This blog is posted as the South Carolinas Public Service Commission is due to make a call on the possible merger between Scana and Dominion Energy. December 21, 2018 is the deadline. There has been a lot of debate about this in a lot of places.
The State is at a time to use that discussion and debate to decide. 2019 is a time to implement those decisions.
The chair is succinct and right. Leadership in this kind of circumstance has its demands. He and the other commissioners are in seats that require action that is not a band aid, but the best cure they can create.
Other energy decisions in South Carolina cascade from the decision about the merger.
Debt: How is the debt from the terminated Summer project to be managed? ECC has written in the past that there is no shortcut in resolving the debt. Unresolved debt issues fester in the public's mind. Debt adds up as interest accrues. It takes an additional toll as it can impact the financial ratings of organizations. As debt remains undecided it could lead to questions about state decision-making capabilities.
The debt is out there and owed. It has to be resolved in an understandable way. The citizens who could feel the pain of the debt need clarity.
Santee Cooper: Whether the State of South Carolina or someone else owns the Santee Cooper utility is on the table. ECC has briefly looked at this through a business lens, noting that for-profit businesses often work hard to narrow their focus to what they do best. They do work they are good at doing. Companies do not hang onto assets that are not in their expertise.
The question is whether the state should own a utility or provide regulatory oversight of the utility.
Decisions are due to be made soon. What faces South Carolina is the need to make decisions focused on debt and Santee Cooper ownership.
An ancillary issue raised recently is about deregulation of the South Carolina electric industry. There's a catch, though. Where deregulation has been attempted, consumers (and politicians and regulators) have had some unexpected surprises on the high-side of prices. Virginia looked at deregulation, and a 27-year state senator said, "I would recommend avoiding deregulation and keeping pressure on your legislators and commissioners to keep electric rates low." Check the October 2018 opinion piece here. *Note that the State Corporation Commission in Virginia is the equivalent of the SC Public Service Commission.
Check this look at that electric deregulation: The Paradox of Electricity Deregulation – This is one setting where "deregulation" is a lot more complicated than regulation. Deregulation takes years to properly manage. There are more immediate answers needed for SC consumers.
These decisions are due to be made and then efficiently enacted. 2019 needs to be a year of implementing decisions on the problems clearly in front of consumers, regulators and policymakers now.
This entry was posted in Energy Blog, South Carolina and tagged carlberg, Carolina, Columbia, consumer, dereg, dominion energy, electricity, nuclear, Public Service Commission, regulation, regulator, Santee Cooper, SCANA, SCE&G, SCPSC, South Carolina Public Service Commission. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
New Jersey (USA)
3 2013 Update
New Jersey is located in the Northeastern region of the United States of America. It is bordered on the north by New York, on the east by the Hudson River and the Atlantic Ocean, on the southwest by Delaware, and on the west by Pennsylvania. The total area is 8,729 square miles (22,608 km²) and in 2008 the state had an estimated population of 8,682,661. In 2001 the religious affiliation of the population of New Jersey was distributed as follows: Catholic 37%; Baptist 8%; Methodist 6%; Christian (no denomination stated) 4%; Jewish 2%; Presbyterian 4%; Lutheran 3%; Episcopalian/Anglican 2%; Protestant 2%; Jehovah's Witness 1%; Mormon/LDS 1%; Muslim/Islamic 1/%; Non-denominational 1%; Pentecostal 1%; Other 4%; None 15%; Refused to identify 5%.
The modern Mennonite presence in New Jersey began with a church planting venture led by Henry and Ida Swartley at Oxford in Warren County in 1956. In 1988 there were nine Mennonite congregations in the state affiliated with four different conferences as follows: Atlantic Coast Conference (MC), 1 congregation, 46 members; Franconia Mennonite Conference (MC), 2, 105; Lancaster Mennonite Conference (MC), 5, 300; Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church, 1, 30. The Puerto de Sion congregation in Trenton participated in Concilio Nacional de Iglesias Menonitas Hispañas. Friendship Mennonite Chapel at Carneys Point was affiliated with the Afro-American Mennonite Association. Lancaster Mennonite Conference had three church planting centers at Atlantic City, Camden, and Mizpah. The Vineland Mennonite congregation sponsored an elementary school with 21 students (1988).
Anabaptist / Mennonite Denominations in New Jersey, 2010
Adherents *
Brethren in Christ Church - - 2 -
Church of the Brethren 1 156 1 150
Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church 1 51 - -
Maranatha Amish Mennonite - - 1 55
Mennonite Church USA 14 1,006 9 368
Mennonite; Other Groups 1 60 - -
Totals 17 1,273 13 573
Congregational adherents include all full members, their children, and others who regularly attend services.
ARDA: Association of Religion Data Archives. "State Membership Report: New Jersey, Religious Traditions, 2010." Web. 13 December 2013. http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/34/rcms2010_34_state_name_2010.asp.
Horsch, James E., ed. Mennonite Yearbook and Directory. Scottdale, PA: Mennonite Publishing House (1988-89): 30, 60-70, 105, 122, 173.
Wikipedia. "New Jersey." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jersey (accessed 19 March 2009).
Reynold Sawatzky
Sawatzky, Reynold and Richard D. Thiessen. "New Jersey (USA)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. December 2013. Web. 17 Jan 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=New_Jersey_(USA)&oldid=167531.
Sawatzky, Reynold and Richard D. Thiessen. (December 2013). New Jersey (USA). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 17 January 2021, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=New_Jersey_(USA)&oldid=167531.
Retrieved from "https://gameo.org/index.php?title=New_Jersey_(USA)&oldid=167531"


text:
Movie: The Hunted Lady | putlocker
The Hunted Lady
https://ww2.putlocker.onl/movie/the-hunted-lady
https://ww2.putlocker.onl/thumbs2/movie_thumbs/thumb_movie_842a0b8b59833f2de4f05a01b8aff622.jpg
An Undercover Assignment Turns Into a Deadly Nightmare!
Watch movie: The Hunted Lady Released in (1977) produced by United States of America, USA, The movie categorized in Drama, Crime, Thriller, TV-Movie, Mystery, and content rating NR with duration 100 min Streamed at Putlocker & directed by Richard Lang. An undercover policewoman finds herself framed for murder. Forced to flee for her life, she determines to clear her name and bring the real killers to justice.
Genre: Drama, Crime, Thriller, TV-Movie, Mystery
Actor: Donna Mills, Lawrence P. Casey, Andrew Duggan, Alan Feinstein, Geoffrey Lewis, Michael McGuire, Jenny O'Hara, Quinn K. Redeker, Robert Reed, Will Sampson
Director: Richard Lang
Country: United States of America, USA
Produced By: Quinn Martin Productions (QM)
Rating: 8 out of 10 4
Language: English,
Content Rating:NR
undercover cop, framed, policewoman, frame up, murder, on the run,
https://www.youtube.com/embed/ https://www.youtube.com/embed/ Trailer: The Hunted Lady Movie: The Hunted Lady - Official Trailer https://ww2.putlocker.onl/thumbs2/movie_fanarts/fanart_movie_842a0b8b59833f2de4f05a01b8aff622.jpg 1977-11-28
The Hunted Lady Watch Online Free
Trailer: The Hunted Lady
The Hollow Point
House of Flying Daggers
A Kind of Murder
A Haunting at the Hoyt Library
For Greater Glory: The True Story of Cristiada
Chemical Cut
Just Ask My Children
Milton's Secret


In the future age of digital media virtual reality is gaining quick ground and a lot of a Hollywood films tend to use it for their placement production. There are many movies whose remake was done in the virtual actuality format. between many of these movies these are the three Hollywood movies that contain been using virtual reality successfully.
Brainscan is a 1994 horror science creative writing film starring Edward Furlong, Frank Langella, Amy Hargreaves, Jamie Marsh, and T. Ryder Smith. However, MGM backed out of tactics to release the new picture in the new format. Trumbull instead shot the virtual reality sequences in 24 frames-per-second Super Panavision 70 with an portion ratio of 2.2:1. The rest of the film was shot in straight 35 mm with an aspect ratio of about 1.7 to 1.
This particular film, life form a product of the nineties was at first made in the 2D format but over the time we might process it in virtual reality arrangement where the audience might watch the scenes in a manner where it look like they are inside the very situation. Lawnmower Man 2: Beyond Cyberspace is a 1996 science literature film, and the sequel to The Lawnmower Man, which was posh after Stephen King short stories of the similar title, but the stories are unconnected.
The multimedia used in this exacting film is beyond comparison. The multimedia effects inculcated in this film got it more than a few awards and tons of appreciation. Considering the fact that this film had a hint of virtual actuality in it as well. After it was shown in the format of virtual actuality to the audience it was highly acclaimed and conventional positive acclaim all over.
We can end the fact that these films have a senior edge in terms of their story-line and plot. Now we understand that virtual reality can be specifically embedded in convinced films with plots that will be aesthetically agreeable to the eyes of the audience. Visual effects and the role of multimedia is a very well-known factor when it comes to the production of such films in the first place. The films which are usually dragged in this type are capable of viewing all the visual effects in the form of virtual reality. As we've well-known before that virtual reality is the new leaning of cinema in the future times, with the help of multimedia means and visual effects we are leaving to enter the area of virtual reality.


In these politically polarized times, many anxious Americans are losing sleep, obsessing over news, bickering with friends and raging on social media, according to therapists interviewed across the country. Some experts have even given the unofficial malady a name: Trump Anxiety Disorder.
"Is he gonna blow us all up?"
So inquired one of Elisabeth LaMotte's patients recently, fretting out loud about the volatility of U.S. President Donald Trump's actions during a therapy session at her Washington practice.
It was a rhetorical question — one that predated Trump's threats of a showdown with Iran this week. But if the question wasn't meant in earnest, the politically induced anxiety LaMotte is hearing about from her clients certainly is, says the founder of the D.C. Counselling and Psychotherapy Center.
This week, it was a menacing all-caps Trump tweet warning Iran about potentially historic "CONSEQUENCES." Previously, it was his Supreme Court picks and fears that the legal right to abortion could be overturned, or his immigration policies separating families at the border, or his apparent submission to Russian President Vladimir Putin before a global audience.
From Trump supporters, LaMotte hears about the pain of "feeling socially or familially isolated" for supporting the president's agenda, "even if they don't support his tactics."
From Trump's detractors, LaMotte has been struck by how much their anxieties resemble those of patients raised by a parent with a personality disorder — someone who would display traits like "grandiosity, excessive attention-seeking and severe lack of empathy."
"Whether it's conscious or not, I think we look to the president of the United States as a psychological parent," she said.
Panning said intense consumption of media coverage of this presidency is making some people's Trump-related anxiety worse.
"They say they're wondering what's next," she said.
Trump's appointment of one conservative justice to the Supreme Court and the recent nomination of another has left one of her married lesbian clients "significantly concerned about the legitimacy of their marriage in the future," she said.
Connie Sherman, the manager of a dental practice in San Diego, said she's been sleeping fitfully post-election, constantly checking her phone for the latest headlines in the wee hours.
"When [special counsel] Robert Mueller's indictments news dropped, I wound up staying up in the middle of the night when I should have been sleeping, just thinking about it, just worried for our country," she said.
The American Psychological Association has recorded a rise in anxiety in the Trump era, with a five per cent increase (52 to 57 per cent) in politically induced stress levels over a six-month period before, during and after the 2016 election. Overall, stress levels were the highest they've been in a decade, according to the APA.
In an online survey in February 2017, two-thirds of Americans — including most Democrats as well as most Republicans — said they were stressed about the future of the nation. Most of the more than 3,500 people polled blamed the extreme political polarization for their anxiety. There was a strong correlation between stress levels and electronic news consumption.
Some Trump supporters also report feeling more stressed, confiding to therapists that uncivil discourse and attacks on the president were causing them anxiety.
Washington therapist Steve Stosny recounted how an official with the Trump administration came to see him not long ago. At work, the official explained, he felt anxious about his high-pressure job in a highly scrutinized White House. At home, he faced a more personal turmoil: his liberal-leaning family grew to resent him for working for Trump.
"His daughter was starting to hate him," Stosny said. "It was very hard on his spouse, too. The wife couldn't take it anymore. It's tough when one spouse is at war with the children."
The patient eventually left his job, but the damage was already done. The couple began divorce proceedings, Stosny said.
Jaime Gale, a Trump supporter in Avon Lake, Ohio, often shares her anxiety over politics with her therapist.
"It reminds me of how I felt after 9/11," said Gale, 38, referencing the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks on the U.S., a time when she felt "fear of the unknown and unfamiliar."
"It scared the crap out of me. Now I'm scared of getting pounced on by somebody who doesn't like me because of Trump, just online."
The internet marketing consultant, who has been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder, backs the president as a champion of border security and a strong steward of the economy.
But the at-times abusive attacks on Trump's leadership from liberals are hurtful and can make her blood boil.
"I see that rage and anger in other people — I feel it brought out in me, too."
White House denies that Trump said Russia no longer targeting U.S.
In Oklahoma City, Kevon Owen, who practises a type of scripture-based psychotherapy known as Christian counselling, said he's "seeing a lot of people anxious about the possibility of war," and has counselled clients to stop submerging themselves in clickbait articles.
In Bardstown, Ky., clinical social worker Roland Gabbert said he's never seen such heavily politicized chatter in his office in his 40-year career.
"Both from people feeling the president is being persecuted and people just beside themselves with worry about the direction of the country."
Maybe nowhere is the anxiety over politics more deeply felt than in the nation's capital, said Alison Howard, a clinical psychologist in D.C. She said she engages "on a daily basis" with patients "struggling to make sense of what's happening with this president."
"It's in our faces all the time," she said. "People here are living and working in the same city where the pulse of the government is."
In downtown Washington, a lawyer and immigrant from Uganda now working in the Department of Agriculture sat chain-smoking a pack of American Spirit cigarettes. His clinical depression was being "compounded" by a cascade of negative White House-related news, he said. So, he's started to tune it out completely.
"I had to get off social media. I had to stop paying for cable. I started only reading fiction," said the federal employee, who only gave the name Kenneth because he was worried speaking publicly might cause problems for him at his job.
"Maybe I should be talking to a therapist about this."
Asked if he had heard about the president's latest tweet to Iran's leader, he shook his head.
"Seriously, man — don't even tell me."


text:
The role of HLA genes in familial spondyloarthropathy: a comprehensive study of 70 multiplex families
R Said-Nahal1,
C Miceli-Richard2,
C Gautreau3,
R Tamouza3,
N Borot5,
R Porcher4,
D Charron3,
M Dougados1,
M Breban1
1Rheumatology Division, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Université René Descartes, Paris, and Groupe Français d'Etude Génétique des Spondylarthropathies (GFEGS), France
2CEPH, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France and Rheumatology Division, Cochin Hospital
3Histocompatibility Laboratory, Saint-Louis Hospital
4Biostatistic and Medical Informatic Deparment, Saint-Louis Hospital
5UPCM-CNRS, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.
Correspondence to:
Professor M Breban, Rheumatology Division and INSERM U477, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014, Paris, France;
maxime.breban{at}cch.ap-hop-paris.fr
Objectives: To investigate whether HLA alleles, other than HLA-B27, influence predisposition to spondyloarthropathy (SpA) in multiplex families.
Methods: Seventy French families with at least two affected SpA members were recruited. Patients, and their first degree relatives were typed for HLA-A, B, C, and DR, and extended HLA haplotypes were determined. The distribution of HLA-A, C, and DR alleles carried on HLA-B27+ haplotypes in SpA families was compared with the distribution of these alleles among HLA-B27+ haplotypes in the French general population. Contribution to SpA susceptibility of HLA-A, B, C, and DR alleles, other than HLA-B27, was tested by transmission disequilibrium test. The contribution of HLA alleles to specific presentation features of SpA was examined.
Results: Frequencies of HLA-A, C, and DR alleles carried on HLA-B27+ haplotypes from SpA families were comparable with those seen in the French population, except for DR13 which was overrepresented among patients (pcorr<0.001). Most interestingly, the HLA-DR4 allele was transmitted in excess to patients with SpA, independently of linkage to HLA-B27 (pcorr=0.05), and in a direction opposite to that for HLA-B27+ unaffected siblings (pcorr=0.01). Finally, the distribution of HLA alleles was not related to the presentation feature of SpA.
Conclusion: HLA predisposition to familial SpA appears not to be limited to HLA-B27, but some HLA-DR alleles also have a significant influence. In particular, HLA-DR4 contributes significantly to a genetic predisposition to SpA, which may have implications in our understanding of SpA pathogenesis.
spondyloarthropathy
transmission disequilibrium test
AS, ankylosing spondylitis
CI, confidence interval
IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
MHC, major histocompatibility complex
PsA, psoriatic arthritis
RA, rheumatoid arthritis
RR, relative risk
SpA, spondyloarthropathy
TDT, transmission disequilibrium test
uSpA, undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.61.3.201
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), reactive arthritis, a subset of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), arthritis associated with idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (uSpA) form a group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases identified as the spondyloarthropathies (SpA).1 It has long been recognised that different presentation features of SpA tend to combine within the same families.2,3 We previously conducted a systematic analysis of SpA phenotypic expression in a large number of multiplex families.4,5 Results of this study support the hypothesis that although familial SpA shows several distinct phenotypes, these all have predisposing genetic factors in common.4,5 This indicates that, at least in this particular context, genetic investigations should be conducted on the whole group of patients with SpA, rather than restricted to specific subsets.6
One genetic factor shared by all the varieties of SpA has already been identified—that is, HLA-B27.7 Studies on AS suggest that additional genetic factors, distinct from the HLA region, are involved.8,9 However, it has also been proposed that HLA-B27 itself may not explain all the predisposition to SpA borne within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region.10,11 In this study we took advantage of having recruited a large number of SpA multiplex families to investigate whether HLA genes, other than HLA-B27, might also contribute to SpA predisposition.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Seventy multiplex families with SpA who have been recruited throughout France by the Groupe Français d'Etude Génétique des Spondylarthropathies, as previously described,4,5 were included in this study. Of the 188 patients identified, 187 met the criteria of Amor et al,12 and 182 met the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) criteria.1Table 1⇓ shows characteristics of the patients. One hundred and twenty (64%) of the patients had AS according to the modified New York criteria.13 Among the 67 (36%) patients with SpA without definite sacroiliitis, PsA was diagnosed in 12, arthritis associated with IBD in 4, Reiter's syndrome in 1,14 and uSpA in the remaining 51. An age matched group of 71 HLA-B27+ siblings belonging to the same families, for which a diagnosis of SpA could not be made, was used as a control group (table 1⇓).
Characteristics of the study group*
HLA typing
Standard serological methods were routinely used for HLA-A, B, and C typing.15 In several cases, HLA-A and B generic typing was performed on DNA extracted from peripheral venous blood leucocytes by a polymerase chain reaction-based sequence-specific primers method, using a commercial kit designed to recognise all the known broad specificities (Dynal France SA, Compiégne, France). HLA-DRB1 typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probing in all cases, and frequently also by a standard serological method. HLA-A, B, and DRB1 typing was performed on all 188 patients with SpA, and their first degree healthy relatives. HLA-C typing was only performed on a first set of 38 families. MHC haplotypes were deduced by segregation analysis of HLA-A, B, C, and DRB1 genotypes within pedigrees.
Study design and statistical analysis
Influence of HLA alleles, other than HLA-B27, on predisposition to SpA was investigated differently for alleles encoded by an HLA-B27+ haplotype and for alleles encoded by an HLA-B27− haplotype.
The frequency of alleles encoded by an HLA-A, C, or DRB1 locus carried on an HLA-B27+ haplotype was compared with the distribution of those alleles in a reference panel of 198 HLA-B27+ haplotypes representing the French general population. This control panel was retrieved from a collection of 3424 haplotypes (Borot N, unpublished results), which have been previously established on a sample of 1356 French families collected equally from the different French regions (to constitute a representative sample), and fully typed across the MHC by serological methods.16 For this part of the analysis, each individual haplotype identified in an SpA family was counted only once, even if present in several patients. Allelic frequencies were compared between familial patients with SpA and the control French population, using Fisher's exact test. Odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were also determined.
The contribution of individual alleles to SpA predisposition was also tested by transmission disequilibrium test (TDT), as previously described.17 Alleles were tested independently of each other, using binomial probability to determine whether transmission of a given allele by heterozygous parents to affected offsprings was significantly different than the expected frequency of 50%. In addition to patients, HLA-B27+ healthy siblings were also included in the analysis, to test for transmission distortion in the direction opposite to that for SpA siblings, using the unmatched 2×2 χ2 test.18 Alleles encoded by an HLA-B27− haplotype, could specifically be tested by this method to discriminate effects independent of linkage with HLA-B27.
Comparison of allele frequency between patients and unaffected HLA-B27+ siblings, and between different subgroups of patients with SpA, was performed, using Fisher's exact test. The relative risk (RR), and its 95% CI were also determined.
In all cases, pcorr refers to corrected p values which were obtained by multiplying crude p values by the number of comparisons. Definite statistical significance required a pcorr<0.05.
Frequency of HLA-A, C, and DR alleles carried on HLA-B27+ haplotypes
Typing of HLA-A, B, and DRB1 in 70 French families with multiple cases of SpA, and of HLA-C in a subset of 38 families resulted in the identification of 81 distinct HLA-B27+ extended haplotypes in patients. Noteworthy, is that in 10 families, two B27+ haplotypes were found in B27 homozygous patients. Of those haplotypes, 48 included HLA-C (A;C;B27;DR), whereas 33 did not (A;B27;DR). Allelic distribution at locus A (table 2⇓) and C (table 3⇓) in familial SpA did not differ from the distribution seen in a panel of HLA-B27+ haplotypes from the French general population. Distribution of HLA-DR alleles was also similar between familial SpA and the control group for most alleles, except for DR13, which was significantly overrepresented among SpA HLA-B27+ haplotypes (table 4⇓).
Comparison of the frequency of HLA-A alleles carried on HLA-B27+ haplotype between patients with familial spondyloarthropathy and the French control population*
Comparison of the frequency of HLA-C alleles carried on HLA-B27 positive haplotype between patients with familial spondyloarthropathy and the French control population*
Comparison of the frequency of HLA-DR alleles carried on HLA-B27 positive haplotype between patients with familial spondyloarthropathy and the French control population*
Transmission of HLA-A, B, and C alleles to patients
TDT was used to determine if class I MHC alleles, other than HLA-B27, were randomly transmitted to patients with SpA. For each HLA-A and C allele tested we performed a global TDT which included all haplotypes, and also a TDT restricted to HLA-B27− haplotypes, to search for transmission disequilibrium independent of linkage between A or C alleles and HLA-B27. For HLA-B alleles, only TDT applied to HLA-B27− haplotypes is shown.
Transmission of most HLA-A, B, and C alleles to patients was not significantly different from random. A limited number of alleles encoded by those class I MHC loci displayed some degree of unbalanced transmission, which failed to reach statistical significance after correction for the number of comparisons (table 5⇓). Such weak transmission disequilibrium, was rarely observed in TDT restricted to HLA-B27− haplotypes. Notably, a non-significant trend towards an excess of transmission to patients was seen for the HLA-B60 allele (table 5⇓).
Results of the transmission disequilibrium test performed for HLA-A, B, and C alleles in patients with familial spondyloarthropathy*
Transmission of HLA-DR alleles to patients and healthy HLA-B27+ siblings
TDT of HLA-DR alleles to patients with SpA was first performed with alleles carried on all haplotypes. Results of this TDT displayed unbalanced transmission of several alleles, reaching statistical significance after correction for the number of comparisons (table 6⇓). Hence, an excess of transmission to patients with SpA was observed for DR1 (pcorr=0.02) and DR4 (pcorr=0.002), whereas a reduced transmission was noticed for DR2 (pcorr=0.05). In addition, trends towards reduced transmission were found for DR3 and DR13, but failed to reach statistical significance after correction (table 6⇓). The transmission of HLA-DR alleles to unaffected HLA-B27+ siblings of patients with SpA was analysed in parallel using TDT, and compared with the pattern of transmission to patients with SpA, using an unmatched 2×2 χ2 test. We found a significant distortion of transmission of DR4 allele to HLA-B27+ unaffected siblings, in the direction opposite to that for SpA siblings (table 6⇓; pcorr= 0.006). No such distortion was seen with any other HLA-DR allele. These results suggest that an excess of transmission of DR4 to a patient with SpA might exist independently of linkage disequilibrium between DR4 and HLA-B27. A TDT restricted to HLA-DR alleles carried on HLA-B27− haplotypes was next performed to examine this possibility. This TDT showed an excess of transmission of the DR4 allele to patients with SpA (table 7⇓; pcorr=0.05). Furthermore, a distortion of transmission of DR4 allele to HLA-B27+ unaffected siblings in the direction opposite to that for SpA siblings was also confirmed with HLA-B27− haplotypes (table 7⇓; pcorr= 0.01).
Results of the transmission disequilibrium test performed for HLA-DR alleles carried on all haplotypes*
Results of the transmission disequilibrium test performed for HLA-DR alleles carried on HLA-B27 negative haplotypes*
Contribution of HLA alleles to specific presentation features of SpA
The foregoing results were obtained by examining all patients with SpA from mutiplex families. We also considered whether specific features of the SpA spectrum were preferentially associated with HLA alleles. No statistically significant association of HLA-A, B, and C alleles with specific manifestations was seen after correcting for the number of comparisons (data not shown). Likewise, most HLA-DR alleles were uniformly distributed among patients with SpA, whatever the manifestation examined (table 8⇓). Only the DR13 allele appeared to be less frequent among patients with sacroiliitis, and was conversely overrepresented among patients with IBD, but the differences failed to reach statistical significance (table 8⇓). Notably, the DR13 allele which was present in 50% of patients with IBD was carried on a B27− haplotype. Finally, the HLA-DR4 allele appeared to be uniquely overrepresented among HLA-B27+ patients, as compared with unaffected HLA-B27+ siblings (table 8⇓; pcorr=0.04).
Frequency of HLA-DR alleles in familial spondyloarthropathy (SpA) according to specific manifestations*
Genetic linkage between AS, the prototypical form of SpA, and the MHC region has been previously established.9,10,19 The strongest association between the MHC antigen and AS is unequivocally attributable to HLA-B27.11,20 However, there are some suggestions that other MHC alleles besides HLA-B27 may also contribute towards increasing susceptibility for AS.10,11 Numerous studies have attempted in the past to identify such non-B27 genes within the MHC which would directly contribute to AS susceptibility.11,21 However, such studies have commonly been hampered by the strong linkage disequilibrium between alleles encoded in separate loci within the MHC region, by the overwhelming presence of HLA-B27 in AS, and also by a lack of power with regard to highly polymorphic HLA loci. In this study we took advantage of having recruited a large number of mutiplex SpA families to examine separately the contribution of MHC alleles encoded by an HLA-B27+ haplotype and the contribution of alleles encoded by B27− haplotypes.
To analyse the genetic contribution of HLA alleles encoded by an HLA-B27+ haplotype, we compared the frequency of alleles encoded by SpA haplotypes to alleles encoded by HLA-B27+ haplotypes from the French general population. The distribution of alleles was remarkably similar between both populations, even though the control haplotypes were obtained from a historical study.16 This result confirms, on a larger scale, previous reports concerning HLA-A and C loci.22 It is also consistent with a priority role for HLA-B27 over putative secondary predisposing gene(s) located within the MHC region.20 The only remarkable difference concerned the HLA-DR13 allele, which was significantly represented among SpA B27+ haplotypes, whereas it was not detected among HLA-B27+ control haplotypes. This absence of DR13 in controls is unlikely to reflect a technical bias, because the DR13 allele was commonly detected among B27− haplotypes in the French population study (Borot N, unpublished results). Rather, it is consistent with a previously reported negative linkage disequilibrium between DR13 and HLA-B27 in the general population.23 Nevertheless, TDT failed to support linkage between DR13 and SpA within families. Hence, this increased prevalence of B27;DR13 haplotypes in SpA families may reflect population stratification (as a consequence of some putative degree of common origin, which would make patients more likely to share the DR13 allele with each other than with a control population), rather than a direct role for the DR13 allele in genetic predisposition to SpA. Alternatively, it might be secondary to the presence of another as yet unidentified predisposing gene carried on the B27;DR13 haplotype.
The most striking findings in this study were obtained with TDT, which allows one to determine both linkage and association between disease and given alleles. When all haplotypes were included in the TDT, unbalanced transmission of several HLA alleles to patients was found. In most cases this result was not confirmed by TDT restricted to HLA-B27− haplotypes, suggesting that it was accounted for by linkage disequilibrium between such alleles and HLA-B27. Notably, the excess transmission of HLA-DR1 to patients could entirely be attributed to linkage disequilibrium with B27 in this study, albeit DR1 has been suspected to predispose to AS independently of HLA-B27.23 In contrast, HLA-DR4 was transmitted in excess to patients independently of its positive linkage disequilibrium with HLA-B27. Furthermore, an opposite trend towards a lack of transmission of DR4 to unaffected HLA-B27+ siblings was seen. Together, these data show that the presence of DR4 contributed to SpA susceptibility, in addition to the HLA-B27 effect. For some of the other alleles, the small amount of meiosis available for TDT in this study might have been associated with a lack of power in demonstrating a statistically significant effect. This particularly might be the case for HLA-B60, which has been reported in several studies to increase the risk of AS.11
In this study we analysed the whole spectrum of SpA together, because we had previously shown that in familial SpA different subsets of SpA probably share major predisposition factors.4,5 Nevertheless, genes located within the MHC region may contribute to phenotypic diversity. In particular, HLA-DR4 might have preferentially contributed to peripheral arthritis, as previously suggested.24 Such an assumption was not confirmed by our data, which showed equivalent association between DR4 and SpA, whatever the presentation feature. Notably, this study had a statistical power >95% to detect a twofold increase in peripheral arthritis among patients with DR4. Furthermore, this study failed to repeat any of the previously reported preferential associations between specific features of SpA and HLA alleles.21 Several explanations might account for such discrepancies, among which are ethnic variations between different studies and the familial context, which was specific to this study. Another study in AS, which was largely based on familial cases, also failed to identify a significant influence of HLA-DR alleles on phenotypic presentation, including peripheral arthritis, uveitis, psoriasis, or IBD.23 Results of this study are suggestive of a negative association between HLA-DR13 and sacroiliitis and, conversely, of a positive association between DR13 and IBD, which was not statistically significant. However, this study had only a power of 12% to demonstrate an RR of IBD among DR13 patients, of a magnitude of two with 95% CI (that is, without correcting for the number of comparisons), because of the low proportion of IBD cases. Hence, we would have needed to include 4213 subjects to reach an 80% power of demonstrating an RR of such magnitude, or 1583 subjects to reach an 80% power of demonstrating an RR of three, after correcting for the number of comparisons. Nevertheless, these data highlight again HLA-DR13 as a candidate marker to be further investigated in a genetic study of SpA.
To our knowledge, this study is the first to show that HLA-DR4, another HLA allele within the MHC region besides HLA-B27, is associated with predisposition to SpA. The possibility that preferential association between SpA and a more important MHC gene in tight linkage disequilibrium with DR4 accounted for this result cannot entirely be excluded. Nevertheless, it is a further step towards improving our understanding of the role of the MHC in SpA. It has been proposed that CD4+ T cells might have a more important role in SpA pathogenesis than CD8+ T cells.25 In line with this hypothesis, HLA-DR4, which is a class II allele, might preferentially affect CD4+ T cell biology. Most interestingly, HLA-DR4 is also known as a major genetic factor predisposing to rheumatoid arthritis (RA).26 It has been reported that HLA-B27, in addition to HLA-DR4, may contribute to RA susceptibility.27,28 Such observations support the hypothesis that both alleles might contribute additively to chronic inflammatory joint disease, and that RA and SpA may share some pathogenic mechanism. Further work will be required to identify whether DR4 subtypes associated with RA are those preferentially transmitted to patients with SpA, which would strengthen this latter hypothesis.
We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of Dr Bernard Amor, Dr Francis Berenbaum, Dr Jean-Marie Berthelot, Dr Jean-Paul Blanquet, Dr Bernard Combe, Dr Emmanuelle Dernis-Labous, Dr Agnés Duché, Dr Jacques Fechtembaum, Dr Sandrine Guis, Dr Pierre Miossec, Dr Aleth Perdriger, Dr Anne-Marie Prieur, and Dr Alain Saraux, from Groupe Français d'Etude Génétique des Spondylarthropathies to the selection of patients, and the excellent technical assistance of Maryse Meziéres, Anne-Marie Poussy, and Gilles Michard.
This work was supported by grants from Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (PHRC; 1995), Société Française de Rhumatologie (SFR; 1997 and 1999), Association de Recherche Clinique en Rhumatologie (ARCR; 1996 and 1997), and Searle-Monsanto (1998 and 1999). Corinne Miceli-Richard was supported by a grant from Association de Recherche sur la Polyarthrite (ARP; 1999 and 2000).
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text:
Wall, Evans, Allen offer new music
Friday, October 12, 2018 – Canadian country singer Colter Wall is out with his sophomore disc in a career that's on the rise. Aussie Morgan Evans and Jimmie Allen make their debuts with both having hit singles to propel their launches.
Wall has a whiskey-soaked, smoky voice with many songs about his native country on his new release, "Songs of the Plains." Dave Cobb, known for his work with Chris Stapleton and Jason Isbell among many others, once again produced. They recorded the disc at the famed RCA Studio A in Nashville. The album features 11 songs including 7 original songs written by Wall, versions of Billy Don Burns' "Wild Dogs" and Wilf Carter's "Calgary Round-Up" plus 2 cowboy traditional songs.
Evans is out with "Things That We Drink To," his first U.S. release. He has previously released music Down Under. Chris DeStefano produced the set. The two wrote every song together along with playing every instrument. Evans, who is married to Kelsea Ballerini, had a hit single with "Kiss Somebody." "Day Drunk" is his second single. Ballerini sings on "Dance With Me."
Allen has had success with "Best Shot," which is on his debut, "Memory Lane." The Delaware native, who moved to Nashville in 2007, mixes R&B and country on the 15 songs. Allen had a hand in writing eight of the songs. Ash Bowers and Eric Torres, who produced a 2017 EP, also were behind the controls for "Memory Lane."
Chandra and Leigh Watson, aka The Watson Twins, are out with their sixth album, "Duo." This marked the first that the Watson co-wrote all of the material and sing all of the songs together. Russ Pollard once again produced the disc, which was recorded in Nashville. The album features guest musicians Carl Broemel and Bo Koster (My Morning Jacket), Vanessa Carlton, Mickey Raphael and The Cactus Blossoms.
10/20/20: Allen set to publish children's book
07/24/20: Wall put out "Cowpoke"
07/01/20: Allen announces EP
06/17/20: Wall swings and waltzes
03/02/20: Allen becomes a dad
11/11/19: Allen announces pregnancy
08/20/19: Ray headlines CMT on Tour
05/22/19: Allen releases "Make Me Want To" video
Things That We Drink To
Morgan Evans' U.S. debut a matter of personal preference. It straddles the line between repetitious and tedious. If you like radio friendly, cliched three-minute singles, then this half hour is for you. He is clearly following the formula that powered his international single," Kiss Somebody" to number one in the U.S. 2017 was a busy year for Evans between moving to the U.S. from Australia and marrying Kelsea Ballerini. She serves as his muse on several of the songs, clearly ...
Jimmie Allen's "Mercury Lane" is an album of likeable pop-country. Being likeable is always a good thing, but an album of music merely that is not a sonic description that leads directly to a hearty recommendation. The production on the full-length is big, bright - and in a word - pop. Allen may be a country guy, but these 15 songs will never be confused with real country sounds. Lyrically, Allen - who had a hand in writing most of this album - pushes many of the right radio ...
Morgan Evans
There's been a window in Morgan Evans' life where he has had the unusual experience of living in the shadow of his own personal life. If Nashville had a Homecoming Court, Kelsea Ballerini would surely be in it. And Evans must have disappointed legions of men by marrying her in 2017. But while the groom had some buzz as a singer/songwriter in his own right, much of the familiarity with his work stayed on the shores of his native Australia. He finally took the plunge in 2017 to pursue ...