text:
namespace SPIRV {

class SPIRVValue : public SPIRVEntry {
public:
  // Complete constructor for value with id and type
  SPIRVValue(SPIRVModule *M, unsigned TheWordCount, Op TheOpCode, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId)
      : SPIRVEntry(M, TheWordCount, TheOpCode, TheId), Type(TheType) {
    validate();
  }
  // Complete constructor for value with type but without id
  SPIRVValue(SPIRVModule *M, unsigned TheWordCount, Op TheOpCode, SPIRVType *TheType)
      : SPIRVEntry(M, TheWordCount, TheOpCode), Type(TheType) {
    setHasNoId();
    validate();
  }
  // Complete constructor for value with id but without type
  SPIRVValue(SPIRVModule *M, unsigned TheWordCount, Op TheOpCode, SPIRVId TheId)
      : SPIRVEntry(M, TheWordCount, TheOpCode, TheId), Type(NULL) {
    setHasNoType();
    validate();
  }
  // Complete constructor for value without id and type
  SPIRVValue(SPIRVModule *M, unsigned TheWordCount, Op TheOpCode) : SPIRVEntry(M, TheWordCount, TheOpCode), Type(NULL) {
    setHasNoId();
    setHasNoType();
    validate();
  }
  // Incomplete constructor
  SPIRVValue(Op TheOpCode) : SPIRVEntry(TheOpCode), Type(NULL) {}

  bool hasType() const { return !(Attrib & SPIRVEA_NOTYPE); }
  SPIRVType *getType() const {
    assert(hasType() && "value has no type");
    return Type;
  }

  virtual bool isVolatile();
  void setVolatile(bool IsVolatile = true);

  virtual bool isCoherent();
  void setCoherent(bool IsCoherent = true);

  void validate() const override {
    SPIRVEntry::validate();
    assert((!hasType() || Type) && "Invalid type");
  }

  void setType(SPIRVType *Ty) {
    Type = Ty;
    assert(!Ty || !Ty->isTypeVoid() || OpCode == OpFunction);
    if (Ty && (!Ty->isTypeVoid() || OpCode == OpFunction))
      setHasType();
    else
      setHasNoType();
  }

  SPIRVCapVec getRequiredCapability() const override {
    SPIRVCapVec CV;
    if (!hasType())
      return CV;
    return Type->getRequiredCapability();
  }

protected:
  void setHasNoType() { Attrib |= SPIRVEA_NOTYPE; }
  void setHasType() { Attrib &= ~SPIRVEA_NOTYPE; }

  SPIRVType *Type; // Value Type
};

class SPIRVConstant : public SPIRVValue {
public:
  // Complete constructor for integer constant
  SPIRVConstant(SPIRVModule *M, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId, uint64_t TheValue)
      : SPIRVValue(M, 0, OpConstant, TheType, TheId) {
    Union.UInt64Val = TheValue;
    recalculateWordCount();
    validate();
  }
  // Complete constructor for float constant
  SPIRVConstant(SPIRVModule *M, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId, float TheValue)
      : SPIRVValue(M, 0, OpConstant, TheType, TheId) {
    Union.FloatVal = TheValue;
    recalculateWordCount();
    validate();
  }
  // Complete constructor for double constant
  SPIRVConstant(SPIRVModule *M, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId, double TheValue)
      : SPIRVValue(M, 0, OpConstant, TheType, TheId) {
    Union.DoubleVal = TheValue;
    recalculateWordCount();
    validate();
  }
  // Incomplete constructor
  SPIRVConstant() : SPIRVValue(OpConstant), NumWords(0) {}
  uint64_t getZExtIntValue() const { return Union.UInt64Val; }
  float getFloatValue() const { return Union.FloatVal; }
  double getDoubleValue() const { return Union.DoubleVal; }
  void setZExtIntValue(uint64_t TheValue) { Union.UInt64Val = TheValue; }

protected:
  void recalculateWordCount() {
    NumWords = Type->getBitWidth() / 32;
    if (NumWords < 1)
      NumWords = 1;
    WordCount = 3 + NumWords;
  }
  void validate() const override {
    SPIRVValue::validate();
    assert(NumWords >= 1 && NumWords <= 2 && "Invalid constant size");
  }
  void setWordCount(SPIRVWord WordCount) override {
    SPIRVValue::setWordCount(WordCount);
    NumWords = WordCount - 3;
  }
  void decode(std::istream &I) override {
    getDecoder(I) >> Type >> Id;
    for (unsigned J = 0; J < NumWords; ++J)
      getDecoder(I) >> Union.Words[J];
  }

  unsigned NumWords;
  union UnionType {
    uint64_t UInt64Val;
    float FloatVal;
    double DoubleVal;
    SPIRVWord Words[2];
    UnionType() { UInt64Val = 0; }
  } Union;
};

template <Op OC> class SPIRVConstantEmpty : public SPIRVValue {
public:
  // Complete constructor
  SPIRVConstantEmpty(SPIRVModule *M, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId) : SPIRVValue(M, 3, OC, TheType, TheId) {
    validate();
  }
  // Incomplete constructor
  SPIRVConstantEmpty() : SPIRVValue(OC) {}

protected:
  void validate() const override { SPIRVValue::validate(); }
  _SPIRV_DEF_DECODE2(Type, Id)
};

template <Op OC> class SPIRVConstantBool : public SPIRVConstantEmpty<OC> {
public:
  // Complete constructor
  SPIRVConstantBool(SPIRVModule *M, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId) : SPIRVConstantEmpty<OC>(M, TheType, TheId) {
    BoolVal = (OC == OpConstantTrue || OC == OpSpecConstantTrue);
  }
  // Incomplete constructor
  SPIRVConstantBool() { BoolVal = (OC == OpConstantTrue || OC == OpSpecConstantTrue); }
  bool getBoolValue() const { return BoolVal; }
  void setBoolValue(bool TheValue) { BoolVal = TheValue; }

protected:
  void validate() const override {
    SPIRVConstantEmpty<OC>::validate();
    assert(this->Type->isTypeBool() && "Invalid type");
  }
  bool BoolVal;
};

typedef SPIRVConstantBool<OpConstantTrue> SPIRVConstantTrue;
typedef SPIRVConstantBool<OpConstantFalse> SPIRVConstantFalse;

class SPIRVConstantNull : public SPIRVConstantEmpty<OpConstantNull> {
public:
  // Complete constructor
  SPIRVConstantNull(SPIRVModule *M, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId) : SPIRVConstantEmpty(M, TheType, TheId) {
    validate();
  }
  // Incomplete constructor
  SPIRVConstantNull() {}

protected:
  void validate() const override {
    SPIRVConstantEmpty::validate();
    assert((Type->isTypeScalar() || Type->isTypeComposite() || Type->isTypePointer()) && "Invalid type");
  }
};

class SPIRVUndef : public SPIRVConstantEmpty<OpUndef> {
public:
  // Complete constructor
  SPIRVUndef(SPIRVModule *M, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId) : SPIRVConstantEmpty(M, TheType, TheId) { validate(); }
  // Incomplete constructor
  SPIRVUndef() {}

protected:
  void validate() const override { SPIRVConstantEmpty::validate(); }
};

class SPIRVConstantComposite : public SPIRVValue {
public:
  // Complete constructor for composite constant
  SPIRVConstantComposite(SPIRVModule *M, SPIRVType *TheType, SPIRVId TheId, const std::vector<SPIRVValue *> TheElements)
      : SPIRVValue(M, TheElements.size() + 3, OpConstantComposite, TheType, TheId) {
    Elements = getIds(TheElements);
    validate();
  }
  // Incomplete constructor
  SPIRVConstantComposite() : SPIRVValue(OpConstantComposite) {}
  std::vector<SPIRVValue *> getElements() const { return getValues(Elements); }
  std::vector<SPIRVEntry *> getNonLiteralOperands() const override {
    std::vector<SPIRVValue *> Elements = getElements();
    return std::vector<SPIRVEntry *>(Elements.begin(), Elements.end());
  }

protected:
  void validate() const override {
    SPIRVValue::validate();
    for (auto &I : Elements)
      getValue(I)->validate();
  }
  void setWordCount(SPIRVWord WordCount) override {
    SPIRVEntry::setWordCount(WordCount);
    Elements.resize(WordCount - 3);
  }
  _SPIRV_DEF_DECODE3(Type, Id, Elements)

  std::vector<SPIRVId> Elements;
};

class SPIRVSpecConstantTrue : public SPIRVConstantBool<OpSpecConstantTrue> {
public:
  SPIRVSpecConstantTrue() : SPIRVConstantBool() {}
};

class SPIRVSpecConstantFalse : public SPIRVConstantBool<OpSpecConstantFalse> {
public:
  SPIRVSpecConstantFalse() : SPIRVConstantBool() {}
};

class SPIRVSpecConstant : public SPIRVConstant {
public:
  SPIRVSpecConstant() : SPIRVConstant() { OpCode = OpSpecConstant; }
};

class SPIRVSpecConstantComposite : public SPIRVConstantComposite {
public:
  SPIRVSpecConstantComposite() : SPIRVConstantComposite() { OpCode = OpSpecConstantComposite; }
};

class SPIRVForward : public SPIRVValue, public SPIRVComponentExecutionModes {
public:
  const static Op OC = OpForward;
  // Complete constructor
  SPIRVForward(SPIRVModule *TheModule, SPIRVType *TheTy, SPIRVId TheId) : SPIRVValue(TheModule, 0, OC, TheId) {
    if (TheTy)
      setType(TheTy);
  }
  SPIRVForward() : SPIRVValue(OC) { assert(0 && "should never be called"); }
  _SPIRV_DEF_DECODE1(Id)
  friend class SPIRVFunction;

protected:
  void validate() const override {}
};

} // namespace SPIRV

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home General Day GEMS3 launched its BLR intervention in Kaduna state
General - November 18, 2016
Day GEMS3 launched its BLR intervention in Kaduna state
GEMS3 Team at the launch
GEMS3's Business Licencing Registration (BLR) intervention is supporting the advancement of Kaduna state's business and investment environment by bringing about improvements to regulatory frameworks geared at reducing the cost and time for dealing with regulations by businesses
The Growth and Employment in States (GEMS3) programme, which is supporting efforts for the realization of an improved business environment in Nigeria, in a partnership with the Kaduna State Investment Promotion Agency (KADIPA), recently launched its Business Licencing Registration (BLR) intervention in Kaduna state.
The Growth and Employment in States (GEMS3) programme, which is being implemented at federal level and the states of Lagos, Jigawa, Cross River, Kaduna, Kano, Kogi, Katsina and Plateau in Nigeria is jointly funded by the European Union and the UK's Department for International Development (DFID).
Speaking at the launch, GEMS3's Business Licensing Reforms Manager Leslie Emegbuonye said the intervention which was being funded by the European Union was aimed at "improving the business licencing system by streamlining the various licenses required by businesses to participate in selected sectors, and harmonizing the procedures for acquiring these licences within reasonable time and at reasonable cost. "
"The BLR intervention whose initial focus is at federal level and the states of Kano and Kaduna work to eliminate licences that no longer serve a regulatory purpose, that carry unbearably high compliance costs, or that are duplicated across government agencies. We work in collaboration with the government, regulatory agencies and the private sector," said Leslie Emegbuonye.
Speaking at the launch, the executive governor of Kaduna state, Nasir El-Rufai, promised to make GEMS3's Business Licencing and Registration intervention a success in the state of Kaduna adding that the state was committed to making business easier towards boosting its revenue generation for economic development.
"The Kaduna state government can only employ 10% of our population and about 80% of Kaduna state's population is youth, majority of who are either unemployed or even unemployable. We also understand the nexus between youth unemployment and insecurity, therefore, the private sector has to shoulder the responsibility of providing employment to majority of our youth," said El-Rufai who was speaking through his deputy, Barnabas Bala Bantex.
Juan Casla, representative of EU speaking at the launch
Also speaking at the launch, GEMS3's National Team Leader Ana Vinambres said the GEMS3 programme has succeeded in increasing the income of over 3 million enterprises and families in Nigeria adding that the programme was committed to improving the business investment climate of Nigeria; from federal down to state local levels.
In his speech, Juan Casla, the head of economic cooperation and energy of the European Union delegation to Nigeria and ECOWAS described Kaduna as one of the most dynamic states in Nigeria and commended the Kaduna state government for taking a substantial step towards reforming its economy.
"Kaduna state needs to diversify its economy, reliance on oil revenues is not sufficient and to achieve this it has to minimise the cost and time of dealing with regulations for businesses. The European Union sees Nigeria as a critical partner in West Africa and a key player in Africa," said Juan Casla, who represented EU at the launch.
GEMS3's BLR intervention in Kaduna will focus on four focal sectors of the economy; wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing (food and drugs), building construction and transportation, which will be carried out by a team of technical and legal experts.
Cross-section of guests at the launch
By working with stakeholders in both the public and private sectors of Nigeria's economy, at federal, state and local levels, GEMS3 has managed to successfully build and deliver a systematic framework that made it easier for people to do business in Nigeria's states of Lagos, Jigawa, Cross River, Kaduna, Kano, Kogi, Katsina and Plateau, including the poor and women in business, who seem to have been accorded a special attention by the programme.
From 2012 to date, the European Union-funded GEMS3 programme (being managed by Adam Smith International) has been working with public and private sector stakeholders at national, state and LGA levels to build and deliver a systematic framework that will make it easier to do business in Nigeria and lead to lasting improvements in economic opportunities for the poor, especially.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Tech Check
HP Comes in As Expected; Is It Time to Buy?
Jim Goldman	| @jimgoldman
Published 4:46 PM ET Mon, 23 Nov 2009 Updated 12:18 AM ET Thu, 18 March 2010 CNBC.com
Hewlett-Packard let the wind out of its sails a couple of weeks ago when it essentially pre-announced earnings with news of the 3Com acquisition. But with Dell's lousy financial report last week, there was still a healthy amount of interest in how each HP unit performed, and whether guidance would hold up.
HP delivered .
The company came in as expected with $1.14 a share; there was a nice, $400 million upside surprise to the company's top line, and in an environment like this one, it might be an even bigger deal for the company to surprise on revenue than on profits. HP has made a mint through operational efficiencies and cutbacks so bottomline performance hasn't been all that surprising. But better-than-expected sales just two weeks after pre-announcing is a nice little bonus.
On a unit by unit basis, HP Services came in at $8.9 billion with operating margin of 16.2 percent, essentially in line; Enterprise Storage and Servers reached $4.2 billion with operating margin of 11.4 percent, both metrics slightly below expectations; HP Software was a nice surprise, reporting $967 million against the $950 million expected, and operating margin of almost 25 percent was much better than the 20.9 percent anticipated; the company's Personal Systems Group, home to HP's personal computers, reported $9.9 billion in revenue, which was in line, but its operating margin of 5.5 percent was much better than the 4.9 percent projected; Imaging and Printing actually beat expectations even amid continuing concerns of a slowdown there with $6.5 billion and 18.1 percent margins; and Financial Services came in at $726 million and 7.4 percent in operating margins, virtually in line with expectations.
Guidance for the company's first fiscal quarter and all of fiscal year 2010 was right in line with what the company pre-announced.
HP: The Road Ahead 4:10 PM ET Mon, 23 Nov 2009
The company's CEO Mark Hurd, who appeared via phone exclusively on "Closing Bell" this evening, says Asia continues to perform and while he's happy with Europe's performance, he would still like to see ongoing improvement there before he calls a turnaround in that important market. He's also pleased with sales growth in the United States.
Earlier today, Gartner issued a report expecting 2 percent growth in personal computer sales this year to 298 million units on the backs of netbook popularity and the burgeoning corporate upgrade cycle because of the Microsoft Windows 7 release. Dell even referenced those trends last week and hopes to ride those coattails. But against the HP juggernaut in PCs, investors have to wonder just how effectively Dell will be able to compete.
Meantime, HP continues to trade at around 13x next year's earnings, and for a company that for the past five years has averaged 17x its next year's earnings, it would appear that the company is trading at a sizeable discount. Since the industry is on the lip of what could be a nice turnaround, along with the release of Win7, investors might want to take a close look at this company as a portfolio option. Shares are trading slightly lower on the release tonight, in a kind of sell-on-the-news event. HP continues to focus on servers, services and networking with its 3Com purchase, and that should serve as a warning shot across the bows of Cisco and IBM , themselves not standing still.
The enterprise upgrade cycle—and improving consumer spending trends—could be a one-two punch of rising tides, if you don't mind me mixing metaphors. Mark Hurd is in the driver's seat, and HP is a steamroller.
Questions? Comments? TechCheck@cnbc.com
Jim GoldmanFormer CNBC tech correspondent.
HPQ
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Butterfin is a mini crispy pie in a butterfly pattern served in one bite. With a mellow and balanced sweetness, there are 4 flavours for you to grab and go to any places: Original, Mango, Banana, and Coconut flavours.
Crispy Chili with Mixed Nuts with 7 flavours: BBQ, Tom Yum Thai, Plum, Cheese, Wasabi, Sour cream & Onion, and Mala.


Would Bob Dylan have made it without Albert Grossman?
I just read a new music industry book entitled "Cowboys and Indies," which will be published in June. I doubt it will be a runaway success, unlike "Hit Men," it contains no bombshells. But it does add a deeper layer of insider knowledge to the stories all of us fans have heard over the years. But does anybody under the age of thirty care that the indies threw in the towel, unable to play the majors' game?
Yes, a huge focus of the book is on Chris Blackwell and Jerry Moss, and their ultimate decision to sell out. Distribution and radio promotion killed them, the playing field was not level.
But what truly intrigued me was the history long before I was born, starting in the middle of the nineteenth century, with the birth of recording devices. You see…the business has been forever filled with characters suing to get their own way. Hustlers abound. In other words, what happened after the Beatles was not new.
But what has been sticking in my brain is the story of Bob Dylan. How he was desperate, begging Carolyn Hester for more gigs, and ultimately signed by John Hammond when she agreed to let Dylan perform on her album.
As for the result, Dylan's initial LP? It sold 1,300 copies. That was a disaster then, just as it still is today.
But Hammond wanted to do another, although he was not encouraged from above.
But then came Albert Grossman.
Dylan eventually parted ways with the manager, but that was long after his sixties success.
Dylan convinced Hammond he was an orphan, that he had no mother and father to co-sign his underage contract. Dylan said to trust him.
Big mistake. Albert got involved and wanted to void the contract.
Hammond was pissed, a member of the gentry, he believed in being upfront and honest. But Hammond and Columbia caved. And Bob Dylan became one of the biggest stars in music history.
That initial album was almost all covers. Dylan was just another character. But Grossman gave Dylan space. And convinced his clients Peter, Paul and Mary to cover "Blowin' In The Wind."
It was a surprise when Dylan broke through with "Like A Rolling Stone." Most of us knew him as a writer, if we knew him at all.
But Albert Grossman made the wholesome Peter, Paul and Mary stars at the tail end of the folk boom and he utilized the work of his unknown client to seal the deal.
Behind every star is a manager. Who knows better than to see himself as a musician. Whose expertise lies in career planning, in clearing the way for his artist to create, and be handsomely compensated for his work. You may not know their names, but without these managers, you probably wouldn't know the names of their clients.
Then there's the curious story of Ken Kragen. Who made Trisha Yearwood, Travis Tritt and Gallagher stars. All of whom fired him, all of whom fell off the edge without him.
You think it's about acts and labels and radio, but the truth is behind every superstar there is a visionary, looking to build and protect his charge so he can gain his commission.
Albert Grossman has been almost completely forgotten.
But Todd Rundgren gained success on his label after blanking out with the Nazz.
Grossman managed Gordon Lightfoot. And the Band. And Janis Joplin.
Sure, Grossman went to college, but he didn't study the music business, he graduated in economics.
He started off as a club owner.
And he put Peter, Paul and Mary together!
So renegotiating with Albert Grossman was the best thing John Hammond ever did. Sure, he paid more, but like that old Billy Preston hit says…nothing from nothing leaves nothing. You can have a brilliant contract, but if you've got no sales, you're going to have no income.
Albert Grossman built Bob Dylan. Columbia Records helped.
And Dylan probably wouldn't have gotten more than his initial chance if Grossman hadn't become involved.
Because Dylan could create his character and hustle, but he could not be his own best advocate. Because you can't negotiate for yourself and it's rare that a great artist is a great businessman.
A great manager gives his client room to grow. Builds him up while softly criticizing. Keeps him on the path. Takes the long view.
Did Grossman rip off Dylan?
But without him, there'd be little to steal.


text:
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

/**
 * A list of globals used by this module.
 *
 * @module moodle-assignfeedback_editpdf-editor
 */
var AJAXBASE = M.cfg.wwwroot + '/mod/assign/feedback/editpdf/ajax.php',
    AJAXBASEPROGRESS = M.cfg.wwwroot + '/mod/assign/feedback/editpdf/ajax_progress.php',
    CSS = {
        DIALOGUE : 'assignfeedback_editpdf_widget'
    },
    SELECTOR = {
        PREVIOUSBUTTON : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .navigate-previous-button',
        NEXTBUTTON : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .navigate-next-button',
        SEARCHCOMMENTSBUTTON : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .searchcommentsbutton',
        SEARCHFILTER : '.assignfeedback_editpdf_commentsearch input',
        SEARCHCOMMENTSLIST : '.assignfeedback_editpdf_commentsearch ul',
        PAGESELECT : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .navigate-page-select',
        LOADINGICON : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .loading',
        PROGRESSBARCONTAINER : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .progress-info.progress-striped',
        DRAWINGREGION : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .drawingregion',
        DRAWINGCANVAS : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .drawingcanvas',
        SAVE : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .savebutton',
        COMMENTCOLOURBUTTON : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .commentcolourbutton',
        COMMENTMENU : ' .commentdrawable a',
        ANNOTATIONCOLOURBUTTON : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .annotationcolourbutton',
        DELETEANNOTATIONBUTTON : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .deleteannotationbutton',
        UNSAVEDCHANGESDIV : '.assignfeedback_editpdf_unsavedchanges',
        STAMPSBUTTON : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .currentstampbutton',
        DIALOGUE : '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE
    },
    SELECTEDBORDERCOLOUR = 'rgba(200, 200, 255, 0.9)',
    SELECTEDFILLCOLOUR = 'rgba(200, 200, 255, 0.5)',
    COMMENTTEXTCOLOUR = 'rgb(51, 51, 51)',
    COMMENTCOLOUR = {
        'white' : 'rgb(255,255,255)',
        'yellow' : 'rgb(255,236,174)',
        'red' : 'rgb(249,181,179)',
        'green' : 'rgb(214,234,178)',
        'blue' : 'rgb(203,217,237)',
        'clear' : 'rgba(255,255,255, 0)'
    },
    ANNOTATIONCOLOUR = {
        'white' : 'rgb(255,255,255)',
        'yellow' : 'rgb(255,207,53)',
        'red' : 'rgb(239,69,64)',
        'green' : 'rgb(152,202,62)',
        'blue' : 'rgb(125,159,211)',
        'black' : 'rgb(51,51,51)'
    },
    CLICKTIMEOUT = 300,
    TOOLSELECTOR = {
        'comment': '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .commentbutton',
        'pen': '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .penbutton',
        'line': '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .linebutton',
        'rectangle': '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .rectanglebutton',
        'oval': '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .ovalbutton',
        'stamp': '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .stampbutton',
        'select': '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .selectbutton',
        'highlight': '.' + CSS.DIALOGUE + ' .highlightbutton'
    },
    STROKEWEIGHT = 4;


text:
Research Letter| Volume 225, ISSUE 6, P689-693.e1, December 2021
PDFPDF
Standard PDF [612 KB]
Summary PDF [597 KB]
SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent development of preeclampsia and preterm birth: evidence of a dose-response relationship supporting causality
Jonathan Lai, MD
Jonathan Lai
Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Roberto Romero, MD, DMedSci
Roberto Romero
Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 3990 John R St., Detroit, MI 48201
Adi L. Tarca, PhD
Adi L. Tarca
Stamatina Iliodromiti, MD
Stamatina Iliodromiti
Centre for Women's Health, Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
Anoop Rehal, MD
Anoop Rehal
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
Anita Banerjee, MD
Anita Banerjee
Women's Services Department, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Christina Yu, MD
Christina Yu
Department of Fetal Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College National Health Services Trust, London, United Kingdom
Gergana Peeva, MD
Gergana Peeva
Department of Fetal Medicine, Homerton University Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Vadivu Palaniappan, MD
Vadivu Palaniappan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Linda Tan, MD
Linda Tan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Lewisham, London, United Kingdom
Mahishee Mehta, MD
Mahishee Mehta
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Northwick Park Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Kypros H. Nicolaides, MD
Kypros H. Nicolaides
Published:August 25, 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.08.020
Previous ArticleMonoclonal antibody treatment of symptomatic COVID-19 in pregnancy: initial report
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Pregnant women affected with a severe SARS-CoV-2 infection have worse clinical outcomes than nonpregnant women with SARS-CoV-2, which can include the greater risks for admission to the intensive care unit, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation, the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and death. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection is a risk factor for fetal death and preterm birth. Early during the COVID-19 pandemic, a preeclampsia-like syndrome was reported in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2.
Mendoza M.
Garcia-Ruiz I.
Maiz N.
Pre-eclampsia-like syndrome induced by severe COVID-19: a prospective observational study.
This association has been confirmed by case series,
Metz T.D.
Clifton R.G.
Hughes B.L.
Disease severity and perinatal outcomes of pregnant patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
Conde-Agudelo A.
Romero R.
SARS-COV-2 infection during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021; ([Epub ahead of print])
An important issue is whether COVID-19 causes preeclampsia. One of the Bradford Hill criteria to assess causality is the existence of a dose-response relationship between an exposure and the outcome of interest, which, in this case, is the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the likelihood of preeclampsia. This study was conducted to address this question.
A retrospective observational study was conducted based on data from 14 National Health Service (NHS) maternity hospitals in the United Kingdom to assess the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy. The institutions are listed as a footnote in the Supplemental Table. This study was considered exempt by the Institutional Review Board of the NHS Health Research Authority.
At each participating site, the electronic patient records were reviewed to identify cases with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant women based on a positive polymerase chain reaction test between February 1, 2020 and May 1, 2021. The maternal demographic characteristics, medical history, and pregnancy outcomes (ie, live birth or pregnancy loss, gestational age at delivery, birthweight, hypertensive disease in pregnancy, and dates of onset) were obtained from the hospital databases.
Individual patient records were reviewed for relevant information about SARS-CoV-2 infection and classified into 4 groups according to severity based on a modified spectrum used by the National Institutes of Health. The 4 groups are as follows: (1) asymptomatic—this group includes individuals who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 but who have no symptoms; (2) mild illness—includes individuals who have any of the various signs and symptoms of COVID-19 (such as fever, cough, sore throat, malaise, headache, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of taste and smell) but who do not have shortness of breath, dyspnea, or abnormal chest imaging; (3) moderate illness—includes individuals who show evidence of lower respiratory disease during clinical assessment or imaging and who have an oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≥94% on room air; and (4) severe illness—includes individuals who require high dependency or intensive care secondary to respiratory impairment or failure or multiorgan dysfunction.
The primary outcome was the occurrence of preeclampsia in patients exposed to SARS-CoV-2. The other outcomes examined include preterm birth and gestational age at delivery. Preeclampsia was defined as hypertension (blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg/≥90 mm Hg) developing after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive woman or as chronic hypertension and development of new onset proteinuria (≥300 mg per 24 h or protein to creatinine ratio >30 mg/mmoL or >2 + on dipstick testing).
The effect of the severity of infection with SARS-CoV-2 (four group factor: asymptomatic, mild, moderate, or severe) on the rate of preeclampsia was assessed using robust Poisson regression models. Models were fit using the geepack package in the R statistical language and environment (www.r-project.org; R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). The asymptomatic group was used as a reference, and the model included adjustment for the prior risk of preeclampsia (log thereof), as defined, based on the maternal characteristics and medical history by using a competing risk model.
Wright D.
Syngelaki A.
Poon L.C.
Competing risks model in screening for preeclampsia by maternal characteristics and medical history.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015; 213: 62.e1-62.e10
We compared the risk of preeclampsia in the combined groups of moderate and severe COVID-19 patients against the risk in the groups of asymptomatic and mild disease patients. The effect of the severity of infection with SARS-CoV-2 on preterm birth (<37 weeks) was evaluated while adjusting for the maternal age, weight, height, race, method of conception, chronic hypertension, smoking, and diabetes. The selection of these variables was performed by backward elimination. A chi-square test for the trend was used to test the dose-response relationship between the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and preeclampsia or preterm birth.
The characteristics of patients included in this study (n=1223) are presented in the Supplemental Table. Of these, 51 (4.2%) had preeclampsia, 16 (1.3%) had a miscarriage, and 215 (17.6%) had preterm birth; there were 10 (0.81%) fetal deaths. Women with severe COVID-19 tended to be older and had a higher body mass index (P<.05 for both) (Supplemental Table). Of the 51 cases of preeclampsia, 21 were diagnosed before SARS-CoV-2 infection, 7 diagnosed at the same gestational age, and 23 diagnosed after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The 21 cases of preeclampsia diagnosed before SARS-CoV-2 infection were removed from further analysis. The median interval from SARS-CoV-2 infection to diagnosis among the 23 cases of preeclampsia diagnosed after the onset of a SARS-CoV-2 infection was 16 days (interquartile range, 7–61 days). Among the 30 cases included in the analysis, 13 had preterm preeclampsia (<37 weeks) and 17 had term preeclampsia.
The prior risk of preeclampsia in a cohort of patients with comparable risk factors as those of the study population was approximately 1% (Figure, A). The observed rate of preeclampsia, after excluding the cases diagnosed before SARS-CoV-2 infection, was higher than expected: 1.9% in asymptomatic patients, 2.2% in patients with mild COVID-19, 5.7% with moderate disease, and 11.1% among patients with severe disease (Figure, A). This monotonic relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and the risk of developing preeclampsia was statistically significant (chi-square test for trend; P=.0017). We then compared the risk of preeclampsia between asymptomatic patients (reference group) and patients with COVID-19 symptoms while adjusting for differences in the prior risk of preeclampsia, as determined by the competing risk model. Severe COVID-19 disease was associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia (adjusted risk ratio [RR], 4.9; 1.56–15.38). There was a higher risk for patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 diagnosis as compared to those with asymptomatic or mild disease (adjusted RR, 3.3; 1.48–7.38).
FigureAssociation between SARS-CoV-2 infection severity and pregnancy outcomes
A, Expected and observed rates of preeclampsia in women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. B, Observed rates of preterm birth in women with SARS-CoV-2 infection who had a live neonate. C, Gestational age at delivery in women with SARS-CoV-2 infection who had a live neonate. D, Rate of moderate, very, and extreme preterm birth as a function of the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Lai. SARS-CoV-2, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021.
Because others have proposed that preeclampsia predisposes a patient to COVID-19, we assessed this hypothesis within our dataset. We included in this analysis all women who developed preeclampsia before SARS-Cov2 and those who did not develop preeclampsia. We found a trend toward an increased risk of developing moderate or severe COVID-19 after a diagnosis of preeclampsia (unadjusted RR, 2.28; 0.92–5.61) (P=.07), (adjusted RR, 1.96; 0.8–4.84) (P=.14).
Moreover, we examined the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and the rate of preterm birth; we excluded those who did not have a live birth (n=1162) from the data set. The rate of preterm birth was 11.7% in asymptomatic patients, 12.8% in patients with mild COVID-19, 29.9% in patients with moderate COVID-19, and 69.4% in patients with severe COVID-19 (Figure, B). Similarly, the risk of preterm birth increased as a function of the severity of SARS-CoV-2 (chi-square for trend, P<.0001). Compared to asymptomatic patients, women with moderate or severe disease had a higher risk of preterm birth (moderate: adjusted RR, 2.47, 1.61–3.78; and severe: adjusted RR, 5.64, 4.09–7.79). Moreover, there was a dose-response relationship between the gestational age at delivery and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. (Figure, C). The mean gestational age at delivery was significantly earlier in women with moderate or severe SARS-CoV-2 infection than in those who were asymptomatic (asymptomatic: 38.7, moderate 37.5, severe 33 weeks, P<.001 for both comparisons). The risk of moderate (32 to <37 weeks), very preterm (28 to <32 weeks), and extreme (<28 weeks) preterm birth increased as a function of the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection (chi-square for trend, P<.0001 for each) (Figure, D).
The principal finding here is that there is a dose-response relationship between the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of subsequent development of preeclampsia and preterm birth. This conclusion is based on a large number of pregnant patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and a calculation of the individualized risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth for each patient based on maternal characteristics and obstetrical history. Patients with severe COVID-19 have a 5-fold greater risk of preeclampsia than asymptomatic patients. Moreover, the relative risk of developing preeclampsia in women with moderate or severe COVID-19 was 3.3-fold higher than in those with asymptomatic or mild infection. Notably, this estimate of relative risk was higher than the 1.96 estimate obtained when testing the reverse hypothesis that preeclampsia causes moderate or severe COVID-19 reported by other authors.
Papageorghiou A.T.
Deruelle P.
Gunier R.B.
Preeclampsia and COVID-19: results from the INTERCOVID prospective longitudinal study.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021; 225: 289.e1-289.e17
Our findings are consistent with those reported by Metz et al
in a cohort of 1219 patients and with those of a systematic review and meta-analysis, which found that patients with symptomatic illness (odds ratio [OR], 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.59–2.81) were more likely to be diagnosed with preeclampsia than those who were asymptomatic (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.21–2.10).
There was a dose-response relationship between the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (P<.0001). This is consistent with other reports. We have no information about the relative contribution of medically indicated preterm birth vs spontaneous preterm birth. The fact that 43% (13/30) of the cases of preeclampsia diagnosed after SARS-CoV-2 infection were preterm preeclampsia (<37 weeks) suggests that COVID-19 may be a cause of medically indicated preterm birth, which contributes to the excess preterm birth delivery rate reported previously.
Martinez-Perez O.
Prats Rodriguez P.
Muner Hernandez M.
The association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and preterm delivery: a prospective study with a multivariable analysis.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021; 21: 273
This study was designed to examine whether the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and preeclampsia or preterm birth is causal. Nonetheless, we observed the cases in which preeclampsia preceded infection with SARS-CoV-2. Whether preeclampsia can predispose a patient to COVID-19 in some cases, or that the 2 conditions may co-occur because they share similar risk factors, requires further investigation.
In conclusion, we present evidence that the more severe the infection with SARS-CoV-2, the greater the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth. SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to endothelial dysfunction, intravascular inflammation, proteinuria, activation of thrombin, and hypertension, which are all features of preeclampsia. Therefore, a causal relationship must be considered.
Supplemental TableDemographic and clinical characteristics of the study population
Severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Asymptomatic (n=696)
Mild (n=417)
Moderate (n=72)
Severe (n=38)
Age (y) 30.7 (26.4–34.9) 31.6 (27.5–35.4)
Significance P<.05 is denoted with respect to the asymptomatic group
Weight (kg) 69 (60–79) 70 (61–81)
72 (62.5–83.8) 80.5 (71.2–92.8)
Significance P<.01 is denoted with respect to the asymptomatic group.
Height (cm) 162 (157–166) 163 (159–168)
162.5 (157–168) 162 (160–165)
BMI (kg/m2) 26.5 (23.4–30.4) 26.3 (23.2–30.4) 26.8 (24.5–30.9) 30.1 (27.4–35.5)
White 342 (49.1) 208 (49.9) 22 (30.6)
Black 99 (14.2) 90 (21.6)
South Asian 238 (34.2) 97 (23.3)
25 (34.7) 12 (31.6)
East Asian 7 (1) 6 (1.4) 1 (1.4) 0 (0)
Mixed 10 (1.4) 16 (3.8)
2 (2.8) 3 (7.9)
None 680 (97.7) 412 (98.8) 71 (98.6) 36 (94.7)
Type I 6 (0.9) 2 (0.5) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Type II 10 (1.4) 3 (0.7) 1 (1.4) 2 (5.3)
History of preeclampsia
Multiparous no PE 413 (59.3) 245 (58.8) 41 (56.9) 23 (60.5)
Multiparous PE 11 (1.6) 10 (2.4) 2 (2.8) 1 (2.6)
Nulliparous 272 (39.1) 162 (38.8) 29 (40.3) 14 (36.8)
Twins 6 (0.9) 6 (1.4) 0 (0) 1 (2.6)
Smoker 51 (7.3) 16 (3.8)
Chronic hypertension 13 (1.9) 11 (2.6) 1 (1.4) 1 (2.6)
Conception method
Spontaneous 684 (98.3) 406 (97.4) 69 (95.8) 38 (100)
In vitro fertilization 12 (1.7) 11 (2.6) 3 (4.2) 0 (0)
Birthweight (g) 3210 (2825–3545) 3268 (2900–3580) 3090 (2520–3490) 2320 (1657.5–2850)
Preterm birth 100 (14.4) 66 (15.8) 23 (31.9)
Preeclampsia 25 (3.6) 14 (3.4) 6 (8.3) 6 (15.8)
Fetal death 7 (1) 2 (0.48) 1 (1.4) 0 (0)
Miscarriage 8 (1.2) 7 (1.7) 1 (1.4) 0 (0)
Continuous data are presented as median (interquartile range) whereas categorical data as number (percentage).
Differences between symptomatic groups and asymptomatic patients were assessed using t tests for continuous variables and Fisher exact test for categorical variables.
There were 11 hospitals in London (Kings College Hospital, Princess Royal Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, St Mary's Hospital, Northwick Park Hospital, Homerton Hospital, The Royal London Hospital, Whipps Cross Hospital, Newham Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Lewisham Hospital) and 3 in Birmingham (Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and Good Hope Hospital).
BMI, body mass index; PE, preeclampsia.
a Significance P<.05 is denoted with respect to the asymptomatic group
b Significance P<.01 is denoted with respect to the asymptomatic group.
This research was supported by a grant from the Fetal Medicine Foundation (charity no: 1037116). This research was supported, in part by the Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS); and in part with Federal funds from NICHD/NIH/DHHS under contract no. HHSN275201300006C.
R.R. has contributed to this work as part of his official duties as an employee of the United States Federal Government.
Published by Elsevier Inc.


This is a big deal for Johnson, not that he needs any vindication, but receiving a star immortalizes an actor and is one of the highest honors in Hollywood.
Starting out as a professional wrestler, Dwayne Johnson quickly rose to the top of the wrestling world and became one of the most popular wrestlers ever to step into the ring. Johnson moved onto acting and made a successful switch in genres. He has shown proficiency in both comedy and drama and displays a wide range in his acting. Johnson can next be seen in the Jumanji reboot, which so far has had great reviews.
Are you happy the Rock is getting his star? Let us know in the comments down below!


The New York Times recently looked at the topic of candidates reinventing themselves after "career interludes" – e.g., time off for travel, education, training, freelancing, welcoming a child, reinventing oneself, or following a hobby or passion.
The article notes, "Part of what's driving career breaks is that so many industries are in upheaval: law, media and financial services, to name a few." Candidates who are able to respond to such market conditions, and rebrand or reinvent themselves, can find themselves with "tremendous opportunities in the future," says the article.
This can create a conundrum for recruiters, as such reinvention may seem to spell out the end of a relationship with a candidate. You may feel you've lost a motivated, steady mid-career performer and gained an entry-level candidate in a completely different field.
So, that software engineer you've known for years has decided to open a food truck and sell cupcakes. Or, a candidate you've been building a relationship with for over a year has decided to cease pursuing jobs as a lawyer – and wants to work in non-profit management.
This does not need to spell the end of your relationship, by any means. In recruiting, the importance of maintaining a network cannot be underestimated – and career-changer candidates can continue to play a role in your rich web of a network.
Here are 6 tips to help you manage and maintain a relationship with a career changer in order to bring about a positive outcome for everyone involved.
While it's always a good idea to stay in touch with candidates throughout their career, it can be especially useful to remain in frequent contact during any "interlude" they may take. Then, when they return from sabbatical and announce their new intent, you won't be caught off guard. And, you can even be prepared with ideas on hand.
2. Try to connect the dots.
Retaining a career changer in a new role within the same company can deliver huge benefits. They're already indoctrinated in the brand, and have an internal network of contacts. You trust their experience, and there's no need for them to have to prove themselves.
Think about openings you might need to fill, and if it's worth taking a gamble on this reinvented, unproven-yet-proven person. You may have suddenly acquired an unexpected candidate who ticks a lot of boxes. What's more, this person is likely already engaged and ready to contribute in new ways.
Offer to serve as a reference for the candidate if they will be seeking jobs in a new field. Think of your own network; perhaps you have a recruiting colleague who can be of assistance to this career changer and you can make an introduction. What comes around, goes around. By being helpful, you'll also likely leave a great impression with the candidate – which might make them more likely to refer their friends to you. Again, it's all about your network.
5. Leverage your marketing skills.
Those who undergo career transitions often have a difficult time marketing themselves and translating all of that previous experience into benefits applicable to the new position. Sometimes it feels forced. Sometimes they rely on jargon appropriate to a previous industry, but no longer applicable for the new sector. And sometimes it's difficult for them to communicate how their time off can equal heightened value for a company.
This is where can come in and help them pull together oft-disparate pieces of a career into a clean package. If the career changer is struggling to redefine himself but you still see potential, help the him rebrand. You can put your expertise to good use - and the rebranded candidate that emerges may be the perfect fit for a role you need to fill.
Stay in touch with the candidate as they embark on the new phase of their professional life. It may not turn out as they planned, they may decide to return to their previous career – and you may be among the first to know.
The bottom line: careers may no longer follow a typical trajectory. A job seeker who reinvents or rebrands himself may change the recruiter/candidate relationship. But relationships can continue on, and be of value to both recruiter and candidate in new ways.


text:
Chionodes nigrobarbata is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alberta and British Columbia to Colorado and Oregon.

References

Chionodes
Moths described in 1925
Moths of North America

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Welcome Emily. It's nice that you're trying to get to understand more about your boyfriend. Make sure you encourage him to understand more about you so it's reciprocated :-).
I've not gone into yet so I don't know what it covers (it's on my to-do list...) but I thought I'd mention it in case it might be useful to you.


text:
Я́льмарссон () — скандинавская, преимущественно шведская фамилия. Происходит от личного имени Яльмар.

Известные носители
 Яльмарссон, Густав (род. 1986) — шведский хоккеист
 Яльмарссон, Никлас (род. 1987) — шведский хоккеист
 Яльмарссон, Симон (род. 1989) — шведский хоккеист


text:
Robert S. McNamara, RIP
He died today at 93. I've always been fascinated by him. A troubled soul, who it seemed was never really able to come to grips with his role in life, but tried to make up for it in his own, halting, self-serving and ineffectual way. Yet I can't help but view him with a lot of sympathy.
Clearly an astoundingly brilliant man, and clearly a product of the technocratic fetishism of the 50s. Driven, wound to the breaking point.
One must remember that other figures of that time--George McGovern comes to mind--did oppose the Vietnam War from the start, and deserve moral accolades far greater than that of McNamara. Yet not many others who were neck-deep in the conflict tried to deal with the lessons of Vietnam in any way. It's fair to say that he was devastated, haunted by his role in the war, and spent most of the rest of his life trying to atone for it, unlike say Nixon or Kissinger.
I also don't think he can be compared with Rumsfeld. One must remember that in the 60s, the memories of WWII were still fresh. Hitler's march across Europe was not the tired conservative platitude it is today. The USSR was not the broken industrial distopia we remember now, but rather the massed tanks of the Red Army, defeating Germany basically singlehanded. Vietnam was still doubtless a boneheaded war, but its stupidity does not even register compared to the utterly-batshit fever dream of Iraq.
See Kevin Drum for a similar take.


text:
<resources>

    <!-- Base application theme. -->
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
    </style>

    <style name="CustomTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
        <!--<item name="android:textColorPrimary">@color/white</item>-->
        <!--<item name="textAppearanceLargePopupMenu">@style/OverflowMenuTextAppearance</item>-->
    </style>

    <style name="OverflowMenuTextAppearance"
           parent="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Widget.PopupMenu.Large">
        <item name="android:textColor">@color/black</item>
    </style>

    <style name="AppTheme.DrawerArrowToggle" parent="Base.Widget.AppCompat.DrawerArrowToggle">
        <item name="color">@android:color/white</item>
    </style>

</resources>


Bostico International provide professional Afrikaans translators, interpreters and translation services. Bostico International provides top quality professional Afrikaans translation services at affordable prices. Afrikaans is a West Germanic language mainly spoken in South Africa. It originates from Dutch settlers so it is very closely related to Dutch and in most cases, mutually intelligible. It is considered to be the youngest language in the world. Bostico's team of veteran Afrikaans translators have been dealing with all manner of translation requests for years.
All our Notarised Afrikaans translations are further proofread by mother tongue linguists and we provide Notarised and Certified Afrikaans translations for those that need documents legalised. Most native South Africans can speak some level of English but those that don't speak it fluently or use it on a daily basis, almost always cannot read it. Our team of qualified and experienced Afrikaans translators will take care of all your Afrikaans language needs, offering you the perfect balance of price and quality, all under one roof as a one-stop translation solution.


text:
var _ = require('underscore');
var querystring = require('querystring');
var request = require('request');
var urlAPI = require('url');
var youtube = require('youtube-feeds');

var IO = require('oae-util/lib/io');
var log = require('oae-logger').logger('oae-preview-processor');

var LinkProcessorUtil = require('oae-preview-processor/lib/processors/link/util');
var PreviewUtil = require('oae-preview-processor/lib/util');

var YOUTUBE_REGEX = /^http(s)?:\/\/(www\.)?youtube\.com\/watch/;

/**
 * @borrows Interface.test as YoutubeProcessor.test
 */
var test = module.exports.test = function(ctx, contentObj, callback) {
    // Don't bother with non-link content items.
    if (contentObj.resourceSubType !== 'link') {
        return callback(null, -1);
    }

    // Check if it's a Youtube URL.
    if (YOUTUBE_REGEX.test(contentObj.link)) {
        return callback(null, 10);
    } else {
        return callback(null, -1);
    }
};

/**
 * @borrows Interface.generatePreviews as YoutubeProcessor.generatePreviews
 */
var generatePreviews = module.exports.generatePreviews = function(ctx, contentObj, callback) {
    // Get the movie identifier.
    var id = _getId(contentObj.link);

    // Get the metadata for this video.
    youtube.video(id, function(err, data) {
        if (err) {
            log().error({'err': err}, 'Could not talk to the youtube api.');
            return callback({'code': 500, 'msg': err.message});
        }

        if (data && data.thumbnail && data.thumbnail.hqDefault) {
            var opts = {
                'displayName': data.title,
                'description': data.description
            };

            // Download it.
            var imageUrl = data.thumbnail.hqDefault;
            var path = ctx.baseDir + '/youtube.jpg';
            PreviewUtil.downloadRemoteFile(imageUrl, path, function(err, path) {
                if (err) {
                    return callback(err);
                }

                LinkProcessorUtil.generatePreviewsFromImage(ctx, path, opts, callback);
            });
        } else {
            return callback(false, true);
        }
    });
};

/**
 * Gets a YouTube movie identifier out of a url.
 * If the url is 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXdb3fvDOMI', 'bXdb3fvDOMI' will be returned.
 *
 * @param  {String} url The YouTube URL.
 * @return {String}     The movie identifier (or null.)
 * @api private
 */
var _getId = function(url) {
    try {
        var parsedUrl = urlAPI.parse(url);
        if (!/youtube\.com/.test(parsedUrl.hostname)) {
            return null;
        }
        var qs = querystring.parse(parsedUrl.query);
        return qs.v;
    } catch (err) {
        return null;
    }
};


ISSF 2016, hosted by NUS High School of Math and Science was a wonderful event.
An opportunity for students and educators from across the wold to come together to enjoy a stimulating and challenging programme of events, workshops and lectures together, and to collaborate and share their work.
Students enjoyed a huge range of opportunities, from workshops, lab based activities and challenges to lectures and cultural experiences.
And when it was all over, it was time to hand over to the next hosts; the Korea Science Academy of KAIST. See you in 2017!


text:
Q: Why deleting an item listview does not delete its checkbox? I have a listview with checkboxes (multiple). I have implemented a deletion of an element in the listview with a simple:
              adapter.remove(adapter.getItem(item));
              adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

It works, except for the fact that the checkboxes status are messed up: the listview goes up filling the deleted guy as it should, but the ckeckboxes stay in the same state. In other words, if the list is:
a   on
b   off
c   on
d   off
e   on

and you delete the second, you get:
a   on
c   off
d   on
e   off

It's like I deleted the textview but not the checkbox of my listview....
Have you seen this happening before? Any idea how to fix it?
Thanks!

A: Had the same problem. Android tends to be illogical sometimes, at least to what a normal human developer expects.
Do it like this. The magic is in checkedItemPositions.Clear(). This was originally C# MonoDroid code, I hope I translated it correctly back to Java.
// Delete the checked items
SparseBooleanArray checkedItemPositions = list.getCheckedItemPositions();
int itemCount = list.getCount();
for (int i = itemCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
    if (checkedItemPositions.get(i)) {
        listAdapter.remove(data[i]);
        data.removeAt(i);
    }
}
checkedItemPositions.clear();
listAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Massachusetts Divorce lawyer Jason V. Owens recaps the defeat of "an act reforming alimony in Massachusetts" and the "Massachusetts Child-Centered Family Law" in the state senate.
For much of 2016, this blog has followed the progress of "an act reforming alimony in Massachusetts" (also known as the Alimony Re-Reform Bill) and the "Massachusetts Child-Centered Family Law" – two family-law oriented bills that passed the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 2016. However, neither bill received a vote in the state senate before the close of the summer legislative session on July 31, 2016. A new legislative session begins on January 1, 2017, but the fate of each bill is uncertain for now.
Although both bills passed the Massachusetts House of Representatives, it appears the bills died in the senate in different ways. The alimony bill was backed by vocal and committed supporters. The bill appeared destined for passage in the senate after passing in the House on a unanimous, 156-0 vote. Our sources tell us that after passing the house, the alimony bill met stiff resistance in the senate from opponents of the original Alimony Reform Act, which passed in 2011.
In contrast, support for the child custody bill appeared to evaporate after a series of amendments transformed the bill from one that would radically re-shape Massachusetts custody law by making shared physical custody presumptive to a far more modest final bill. The final amendments in the House were subject to a motion to reconsider by the bill's backers; however, the motion was denied. Although the amended bill ultimately passed the House, it's likely the bill's backers had little enthusiasm for the final product.
In short, the alimony bill was backed by vocal supporters who fought for passage in the house, only to be defeated by opponents in the senate. In contrast, the custody bill never truly escaped the house, where amendments by house opponents deprived the bill's original supporters of the core language in the original bill.
If we hear more about either bill's prospects in 2017, we will be sure to pass on the news.
This past Sunday, July 31, 2016 was the last formal session of the Senate.
Unfortunately, H 4427 never made it out of the Senate Ways and Means Committee.
However, it is not too late, as there will be informal meetings until December 31, 2016. If we do this right, we can still get the job done.
1. Too many Bills and not enough time to act on all of them.
3. No Senate advocate with passion for the Bill.
5. We did not educate enough Senators to the need for passage.
Hitner urged supporters to contact state senators to schedule in-person meetings to push for the bill's passage next year.


This year has been quite the busy one for Frame.io. The popular collaboration platform has received a massive overhaul with over 150+ new features and improvements. The new Frame.io is faster, more secure, and it now even includes a developers API in beta version for those, who want to integrate Frame.io into their workflow even further.
The new 4K real-time playback makes mince meat out of 4K footage and the newly redesigned from scratch, Project page makes it easier and much quicker to navigate through large projects. You can also do version stacking as well.
The all new Frame.io is billed by its makers as "…a new industry standard with a never-before-seen set of collaboration tools for content creators". Frame.io has a wide user base ranging from freelancers working with individual clients to small internal teams and massive distributed organisations.
To read more about the latest Frame.io updates, check out our previous blog post here and also check out their website to try Frame.io for yourself.


"The purpose of the Columbia Art of Living (CAL) is to create a stress free, energetic and joyful campus community ready to face the challenges of academic life and beyond. The organization will conduct regular yoga/meditation sessions for students/faculty/staff of Columbia University and affiliated institutions. The aim is to bring about more focus, greater clarity of mind and over well-being. In addition, the group will hold leadership and stress-management workshops taught by trained Art of Living instructors. The organization also aims to foster community change through emphasizing social responsibility and inspiring individuals to give back to the community. "


He added the comment "RT if women don't have penises." The tweet was deemed "transphobic" by his peers.
According to the Daily Mail, Sofocleous also was dismissed from the college's online magazine The Bubble where he was an editor, and was forced to resign from the Humanist Students, a free speech society.
"And here's the new President of Humanist Students RTing horrific transphobic s**t," he wrote.
Standing by his tweets, Mr Sofocleous wrote: 'I may be wrong and women might indeed have penises, although I don't believe that to be the case.
'But the backlash that took place after my comments, particularly within the organisation, convinced me that, unfortunately and surprisingly, there are certain issues within the humanist movement which are undebatable.
'No effort was made, beyond name-calling, derogatory comments, and ad hominem statements, to convince me of the truth of the other side's position.
'These events involved a retweet of mine saying 'RT if women don't have penises', and certain other criticisms of the transgender movement, as well as suggestions to improve the movement's actions.
He wrote in The Spectator in response to being fired: 'I was told that the reason for my firing from the student journal was because I had "belittled trans experiences".
Why would anyone send their child or choose to attend such a university. Its another name for a looney bin.
Do we really want to have a world where women DO have them???
It is almost laughable that a medical fact becomes a perceived insult! But of course, we all have to be "sensitive" to the LGBTEIEIO feelings don't we? Nope! Facts and science rule! Mental perceptions are a disease.
The entire "political correctness" push is a scam by a few White, soft-bellied liberals in an attempt to leverage control over speech and thought.


While I've talked about Affinity photo before at various times, and I've briefly covered the application for processing Fuji Raw files, I realised that I haven't really looked at it in depth. In fact, a reader recently emailed me about it, and it was only then that I realised that I hadn't explored the application's RAW processing in detail.
Let me start by discussing what I see as the big limitation to using Affinity Photo at the moment. Well, for me anyway. I do use Affinity photo occasionally, but mostly as an alternative to Photoshop. I don't really use it for RAW processing that much. The reason for this is that it's only really suitable for working on one image at a time. Even with Photoshop and Bridge you can open multiple images in camera raw, and process a group at a time. With Affinity you can open multiple images as tabs in the develop persona, but they are all separate individual documents. So even though you can have several open at the same time, there's no easy way to do things like copy the develop parameters from one to another and so on.
This style of working may well be fine depending on your workflow, but I've gotten used to the way of processing images that you would do with the likes of Lightroom or Aperture before that. This makes it hard for me to go back to using applications like Affinity for my regular raw processing. If you have a large group of images that you need to process, the way of working on them is just too slow for my tastes.
Ok, now that I've gotten that out of the way, lets take a closer look at the actual quality and features. When you open a RAW file in Affinity Photo it opens the develop persona. This is effectively Affinity's version of Camera RAW. It offers many of the same tools, although some of them function slightly differently. However, to all intents and purposes, you can pretty much do what you can in Camera RAW. There is even gradient and brush based selective editing, and a spot tool for removing dust spots. Once you're finished, you hit the develop button to process the RAW file into a normal image layer in Affinity, where you can do further editing.
In terms of X-Trans processing, I've spent the last little while opening a wide range of types of images, and overall, It's hard to find fault with it. For the most part the quality is very high, delivering a clean image with few if any artifacts. It doesn't suffer from the smearing and edge detail issues that Lightroom and camera raw do. Fine detail is rendered perfectly normally, and there is no evidence of false detail. I have found that chromatic aberration is not as well controlled as it is in other software though. With the function turned on, it does remove some fringing, but not always all of it. There is a defringe tool in the develop persona too, and that can help clear up any extra fringing that you might encounter, although there is a little manual work involved. Obviously the extent of this depends on the lens. Distortion correction seems to work properly now. I had an issue with it in earlier versions of the software, although that may have been a bug in my setup as others reported that it worked fine at the time. Either way it seems to be working fine for me now..
The sharpening controls in the develop persona are a bit odd. It's not actually called sharpening, but "detail refinement". I find that you need only a small amount of each, as too much can start to look false pretty quickly. Having said that, because Affinity photo is a pixel editor like Photoshop, you can use its other tools outside of the develop persona to sharpen your images, and so it may be worthwhile not applying any detail refinement, and using the normal sharpening tools.
If I was to be picky, there are a few things I don't like about the develop persona. First of all, there is no grain function. There is an option to add noise, but it's just the old-fashioned Gaussian noise algorithm that you would recognise from Photoshop of ten years ago. I hope at some point in the future they consider adding a proper grain function. Secondly, and this is being really picky, but I don't like the way clarity works. I just don't like the look of it. If I was to be geeky and technical about it, it looks to me like it's using some kind variation of large radius unsharp mask to generate its effect. Either way, it's harsh and unnatural looking if you turn it up any significant amount at all, and you need to keep the values pretty low. For Fuji shooters, there are no film simulation profiles either, which may be a deal-breaker for some users, but the default conversion is nice enough.
The develop persona has a few tricks up its sleeve too, that aren't immediately obvious. If you bring up the oddly named assistant (which is more like a settings window that what you would think and an assistant would be) you can change a few options as to how the RAW converter works. You can select which engine to use. It will default to Serif's own engine, but you can also select Apple's Core Image Raw on the Mac. I'm not sure what the options are here on a PC. You can also select the bit depth the output is. One of the interesting options here is 32-bit HDR. This actually works surprisingly well. the whole application seems to work perfectly fine in 32-bit mode, and you get a greater degree of flexibility with your edits when you work in this mode, in that destructive edits usually hold up a lot more to repeated editing. It can sometimes look a bit weird though, with blacks looking a little raised or coloured abnormally, so you may find that working in 16-bit works a bit more normally.
Another useful feature for the nerdy is the ability to tun off the tone curve and set your own. By default, raw converters apply a tone curve to the raw file when converting it. this makes it look like you would expect, with proper colour and contrast. You can actually turn this off in Affinity, and then use the curves control in the develop persona to create your own tone curve. This is kind of a high-end specialist thing to do, but it's handy that you can do this. You can do this in Apple's discontinued Aperture, and there are a few other applications that can do this in too, although it's never been an option in Camera RAW or Lightroom. You can actually do some useful things with this, and I actually covered the similar function in Aperture in detail in my Aperture book, but it's a fairly advanced topic, so I won't bore you about that here. I may do a video on it sometime if anyone is interested (let me know in the comments below).
There is one other limitation that I wish they worked address too. When you click on the develop button, and it creates a standard layer, there's no way to go back. It's a destructive edit at this point. There's no equivalent of smart layers as there is in Photoshop, so there s no way to keep the develop settings non-destructive, at least now that I know of. If it had this function, it would be a big deal for a lot of users, I'm sure. It's one of the other reasons I don't use it too much for raw conversion.
It's worth mentioning that there are also functions to merge images into panoramas and HDR files. Both work reasonably well, although the interface is a little clunky. You can't seem to drag images onto the undo for example, and instead have to go through the file selection dialog box. One of the interesting things that you can do though, is if you develop an image into 32bit HDR you can then use the controls in the Tone Mapping persona to creatively edit your image.
There is one other issue that I came across when using it too, and that is that it's kind of a RAW hog. With 5 images open in the software, it was running at over 15gb of memory with another 8 of compressed memory on my mac. I know it's doing a lot, but this is quite heavy. It doesn't seem to cache as well as other applications. Keeping images open in the develop persona seems to be a contributor, as once you click develop the memory usage drops considerably.
There is however an interesting twist in the tale to all this. The company had previously announced that they were considering an asset management companion application. Recently, they've reiterated that it's in development. Some people are saying that this will be affinity's version of Lightroom. I'm not sure about that. I suspect it will be more like Adobe bridge, which would be fine. I do hope though they impenitent the develop persona as a model of this, and even if the application is more bridge than Lightroom, I hope they make RAW developing part of it (I'm sure they will). That could well be a big shakeup in the industry if its properly implemented. If this was to work in a similar way to either Bridge or Lightroom, and address some of the workflow issues that I talked about, I would certainly consider using the software a lot more for RAW conversions. For now though, it does a good job, and the quality is high, but is limited by workflow constraints, at elastin my opinion and for my way of working. If that doesn't bother you, then it's definitely a worthy contender for processing Fuji files.


Ballet students at all levels will be guided toward creative and expressive freedom in their dancing, enhancing the qualities of ease, grace, musicality, and symmetry that define this form. We will explore alignment, with an emphasis on anatomical principles; we will cultivate awareness of how to enlist the appropriate neuromuscular effort for efficient movement; and we will coordinate all aspects of body, mind, and spirit, integrating them harmoniously.
Moshe Feldenkrais believed that rigidity—physical, mental, or emotional—is contrary to the laws of life. His system of somatic education develops awareness, coordination, and flexibility, as students are verbally guided through precisely structured movement explorations. The lessons are done lying on the floor, sitting, or standing and gradually increase in range and complexity. Students practice bringing their full attention to their experience, self-generating the learning that will release habitual patterns and offer new options. Enhanced integration of the entire nervous system cultivates the capacity for spontaneous, effortless movement and powerful action in life.
Students may enter this yearlong course in the second semester only with permission of the teacher.
Moshe Feldenkrais believed that rigidity—physical, mental, or emotional—is contrary to the laws of life. His system of somatic education develops awareness, coordination, and flexibility as students are verbally guided through precisely structured movement explorations. The lessons are done lying on the floor, sitting, or standing and gradually increase in range and complexity. Students practice bringing their full attention to their experience, self-generating the learning that will release habitual patterns and offer new options. Enhanced integration of the entire nervous system cultivates the capacity for spontaneous, effortless movement and powerful action in life.


(TriceEdneyWire.com) – At the end of each year, people begin writing New Year's resolutions that as they write them, they pretty much know they will not be keeping them! Yet, it's a popular ritual. I know because I write the resolutions, too, with every intention of keeping them, but somehow, as the year goes by, I fall behind on keeping them.
Another ritual, we in our country tend to go through is "Top 10 Stories of the Year." We don't always agree to what those stories are. I've already read several lists of top stories for 2018. To make my point, I'll use the Associated Press' list of the top 10. On that list, not necessarily in order of importance, are: (1) Murder of Jamal Khashoggi, (2) Climate change, (3) California wildfires, (4) Kavanaugh hearings, (5) U.S. Immigration, (6) U.S. Midterm elections, (7) Mass shootings, (8) #MeToo movement, (9) Trump-Russia probe and (10) Parkland school shooting.
I agree all of the above are important stories; however, if you happen to be Black in America, you might say that all of those things concern you, and many were handled badly by the person who currently occupies the White House.
Just in case the AP's list was in order of importance, we'd probably organize them in a different order, and have several more to add that would come pretty high on the list.
Each day I wake up, I turn on the news to see what we're facing for the coming day. Even staff members don't know until they hear #45's plans on the news! From tweets, we learn that we are in for another crazy, unpredictable day.
There were many good things that happened in 2018, but they were over shadowed by the antics of #45 who dominated the news week after week, not in a good way, but what is believed to be criminal behavior. Many of us are left wondering when will this be over!


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Articles on Public sector cuts
Displaying all articles
Bold strides towards 2021? Neil Hall/EPA
Spending Review 2020: the experts react
Alex de Ruyter, Birmingham City University; Anupam Nanda, University of Manchester; Drew Woodhouse, Sheffield Hallam University; Ernestine Gheyoh Ndzi, York St John University; Jonquil Lowe, The Open University, and Simon J Smith, Staffordshire University
The chancellor's spending review and what it means for you.
All public sector workers have a 1% pay rise cap. Peter Byrne/PA Wire/PA Images
Hard Evidence: are public sector workers due a pay rise?
Alex Bryson, UCL and John Forth, National Institute of Economic and Social Research
A deep dive into public sector earnings data since 2005 and how it compares to private sector pay.
How many firemen do we really need? Nando Machado / Shutterstock.com
Firefighters are fighting fewer fires – but that doesn't mean we should sack them
James Brooks, University of Huddersfield
There are other ways to make savings that don't ride rough shod over firefighters' contracts.
Stormont can learn from its southern neighbour on how to cut its deficit. Robert Young
Northern Ireland should look south to cut its costly deficit
Muiris MacCarthaigh, Queen's University Belfast
Northern Ireland is engaged in another round of high level talks involving the British, Irish and US governments to resolve the latest political impasse at Stormont. In the shadow of these sensitive discussions…
It can take more than three years for a public servant to climb back to their same level of pay after losing their job. Alex Proimos/Flickr
When public servants lose jobs it takes years to get back on track
Genevieve Knight, Flinders University
By 2017, some 16,500 public servants will have lost their jobs, or have been shuffled into other positions within the public service, in the government's ongoing drive for budget savings. The long-standing…
What's our future? Andy Rain/EPA
Time for a clear-headed debate on the future of the public sector
Roger Seifert, University of Wolverhampton
Since the election of the coalition government in 2010, the UK has experienced a series of initiatives to reform the structure, funding and operation of the public sector. Under the umbrella of economic…
Who lives in a house like this? Only the census can tell you for sure. Rob Noble
Scrapping the census in 2014 would be a disaster
Michael Harloe, University of Salford
The coalition government has already secured its legacy in a torrent of cuts to public services. But it hopes to do more. It also wants to do away with the largest evidence base that is available to inform…
Weighing up cost and benefit: proposed legal aid cuts are a perversion of justice. Lonpicman
Cuts to criminal legal aid will turn defendants into products
Daniel Newman, Cardiff University
In an adversarial criminal justice system like the one we have in England and Wales, access to justice depends on access to lawyers. The court system is complicated and confusing, a heady mix of archaic…
Does Labor's most recent attack ad pass the truth test? Labor Party
FactCheck: Labor's 'If Abbott wins, you lose' attack ad
Gerry Redmond, Flinders University; Andrew Podger, Australian National University; Helen Hodgson, UNSW, and Squirrel Main, University of Melbourne
Election FactCheck is checking key claims in political advertisements. Here we look at the "If Tony Abbott Wins, You Lose" ad from Labor. Families will lose the Schoolkids Bonus The Coalition has made…
Happy with out-of-date outfits, not so happy about out-of-date salaries. Julien Behal/PA
Osborne's attack on public servants won't work
Ian C Elliott, Queen Margaret University
George Osborne's populist attack on public sector salaries made for just the headlines he wanted. He promised to end "automatic progression pay" in the civil service by 2015-16, and to work towards ending…
Legal aid cuts damage advice charities
Research from the University of Liverpool has shown that cuts to legal aid are having a negative effect on charities that…
How can we create a high-performing public service in Australia? AAP
Managing performance in the public service
Deborah Blackman, University of Canberra; Fiona Buick, University of Canberra; Janine O'Flynn, University of Melbourne, and Michael O'Donnell, UNSW
The focus on performance management both globally and in Australia is not new. Public and private sectors alike have aspired to achieve high performance through performance management systems, procedures…
David Cameron has championed the 'Big Society' - but is it the right fit for Australia? Andy Rain / AAP
Will a smaller state create a bigger society in Australia?
Helen Sullivan, University of Melbourne
Public service reform is never far from the minds of newly elected governments, particularly in times of fiscal constraint. The pressure to cut budgets combined with a determination to "do something" about…
Policies of austerity are a fundamental burden on low-income earning women in the UK. Image from www.shutterstock.com
Women are paying the price for economic austerity
Diane Elson, University of Essex
Since 2010, many European governments have adopted austerity policies in an attempt to reduce the budget deficits and increases in government borrowing that were caused by the 2007/8 financial crisis…
Helen Sullivan
Professor and Director, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University
Janine O'Flynn
Professor of Public Management, University of Melbourne
Gerry Redmond
Professor, College of Business, Government & Law, Flinders University
Diane Elson
Professor of Sociology, University of Essex
Deborah Blackman
Professor in Human Resources Management, University of Canberra
Fiona Buick
Research Project Manager, University of Canberra
Michael O'Donnell
Professor of Human Resources Management, UNSW
Squirrel Main
Researcher, University of Melbourne
Helen Hodgson
Professor, Curtin Law School and Curtin Business School, Curtin University
Ian C Elliott
Senior Lecturer in Public Leadership and Management, Northumbria University, Newcastle
Andrew Podger
Honorary Professor of Public Policy, Australian National University
Roger Seifert
Professor of Industrial Relations, University of Wolverhampton
Lecturer in Politics and Public Administration, Queen's University Belfast
Michael Harloe
Emeritus Professor of Sociology, University of Salford
Senior Lecturer in Law, Cardiff University


Anvarol is a powerful anabolic steroid. It works very quickly as compared to other steroids. It can be used by both, women and men. Its shows results in less than 30 days. However, it's recommended to workout properly and to have a healthy diet.
Yes, it's legal and absolutely safe to consume. It is approved by government and hence sold legally. You can get it without prescription.
How it helps in working out?
Adenosine triphospate, popularly called ATP gives you the energy required for muscles contraction while exercising. Usually, the ATP level starts reducing most probably, after 90 minutes of workout which means you won't be able to run for more than half mile.
Anvarol will supplement the ATP level in the body. Apart from this, it burns calories very quickly and also enhances other muscles elements. Many women have experienced drastic loss of fat over waist area. According to sources, nearly 15% to 21% is reduced in 3 weeks.
What body building benefits does it serve?
It helps in shredding fat and developing six pack abs.
It Increases ATP which will help you working out for prolong hours.
Enhancement of energy and strength.
Help you getting ragged and leaned muscles without gaining weight.
Eliminating unwanted and stubborn fat by burning calories at very higher rate.
It also speeds up recovery.
In which countries it is available and where to buy?
It can be easily shipped to countries like New Zealand, Australia, USA, UK, Canada, India, Spain, Mexico, France, Germany etc.
Reviews and testimonials of users on the website.
Finally, if you're still unsure about the product, you can consult any doctor. This way you could get complete information about steroid supplements and their usage. Try Anvarol and see the difference.


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Bronze-Level
Clorox believes clean is more than getting rid of dirt and germs. Sure, it's about wiping away what came before, but it's also about celebrating what happens after. Clean is just the beginning. What comes next is everything.
Helping others thrive is the focus of everything we do at Clorox. Our commitment is found in the products we sell and the projects we've funded around the world. From sanitizing water in South America to saving native trees in the United States, Clorox knows that clean matters.
Clorox is tagged in 11 stories.
Uniting to Drive Change: The Cleaning Industry Bands Together for a Sustainable Future
2 weeks ago - We know, of course, that no matter how many bold ambitions a company has, it cannot change the world alone. But through collaborative effort, the impact companies can make is multiplied, often many times over.
What Is the Payoff from Product Sustainability Investments?
4 years ago - Those of us in the field may share a deep-seated belief that sustainability efforts across the product value chain pay clear dividends — but it's nice to have proof.
Seventh Generation and 3,000 Business Partners Call on Congress to Reform Chemical Safety Laws
4 years ago - Seventh Generation, the nation's leading brand of non-toxic and renewable bio-based household, baby and personal care solutions, called on Congress last week to strengthen the country's outdated chemical policy.
Moving Pieces: UNC's Big-Business Approach to Sustainability Consulting
4 years ago - At the University of North Carolina, sustainability consulting projects have an unique way of taking shape.A marketplace type of approach to teaming up with industry partners has helped UNC's Center for Sustainable Enterprise take aim at large-scale projects with multiple clients.
The Clorox Company Reduces GHGs by 12% since 2011
5 years ago - The Clorox Company has reduced its greenhouse gases emissions by 12 percent and the amount of waste it sends to landfill per case of product sold by 34 percent since 2011, according to the company's 2014 integrated annual report. Altogether, these footprint reductions and product sustainability improvements have averaged $15 million in annual cost savings since 2008, helping to offset raw material cost increases and enable investments in innovation and demand creation.
Clorox Increasing Product Transparency with Mobile App, Ingredient Calculator
5 years ago - The Clorox Company — a multinational leading manufacturer of top-selling cleaning and personal care products — has announced the launch of its Clorox Preferred Ingredient Calculator. The company has also expanded its Ingredients Inside program — a mobile app that lists and explains all ingredients of Clorox products to shoppers — to include specific fragrance components.The company says both are aimed at showing consumers what goes into their cleaning and care products so they can make informed purchasing decisions, as well as pushing the company to continue making sustainable ingredient choices.
Forget Innovation — Responsible Products Drive 70% of New Product Growth
5 years ago - A recent Boston Consulting Group (BCG) research report showed responsible products accounted for two-thirds of grocery product growth in 2013. That's a pretty incredible number considering how grocery brands have been struggling.
American Cleaning Institute Rolls Out Sustainable Products Initiative
5 years ago - The American Cleaning Institute (ACI), the nonprofit trade association representing over 120 companies in the US cleaning products industry — including BASF, Clorox, Dow, Novozymes, Method, Seventh Generation, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever, to name a few — has launched a new voluntary initiative to promote and demonstrate continual improvement in the cleaning products industry's sustainability profile.
Why Green Product Brands Fail
6 years ago - The Guardian recently published an excellent article on "Why Green Brands Are Failing to Capture Public Attention:"The answer is that environmental/social consciousness is only one part of what are much broader and more complex cultural shifts. Picking out this trend in isolation and trying to build brands around it using traditional marketing paradigms has a very low likelihood of success.
Obsession Over 'Natural' Aside, Burt's Bees a Rightful Leader in the Personal Care Industry
6 years ago - Burt's Bees is an incredible American success story. Roxanne Quimby's venture into beeswax candles took her from New England craft fairs to lip balm and personal care products sold in thousands of drugstores across the United States, before she eventually sold her company to Clorox for $913 million in 2007. That acquisition has been one within a recent trend of large food and consumer packaged goods companies buying smaller ones for more "natural" or healthful products: Colgate-Palmolive owns Tom's of Maine; Coca-Cola snapped up Honest Tea; Kraft has long owned Boca Burgers.
Report Highlights Cleaning Industry's Progress in Curbing Energy, Emissions, Water and Waste
6 years ago - The American Cleaning Institute's (ACI) just-released 2013 Sustainability Report shows overall decreases by member companies in four environmental data categories: energy use, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, water use and solid waste generation.


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Q: Plotting multiple lines in matplotlib Python, dataframe Hello fellow programmers!
I have just started learning Python a month ago and started scraping the web for data but I have run into some difficulties creating a graph using matplotlib.
So, I have collected data for a sports league and would like to create a graph that shows each teams total points per season. The data are in a Pandas dataframe. There are around 40 different teams, and not all teams exist for every year.
However I'm having difficulties creating a graph that shows the total points per season for each individual team, all I have managed to do so far is create a graph for all teams combined points per season...
I have looked into subplots but have not managed to figure out how to proceed.
My code:
season_group = df.groupby("Season")

quantity_points = season_group.sum()["TP"]

seasons = [season for season, df in season_group]

plt.plot(seasons, quantity_points)

The graph I'm getting:

The shape of the dataframe:

How I want the graph to look


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Home News 'A Leave Population And A Remain Parliament!'
'A Leave Population And A Remain Parliament!'
TORY International Trade Secretary Liam Fox has accused pro-Remain MPs of trying to 'in effect steal Brexit'. He told the BBC's Andrew Marr Show yesterday morning: 'You've got a Leave population and a Remain Parliament.
'Parliament has not got the right to hijack the Brexit process because Parliament has said to the people of this country: "We make a contract with you, you will make the decision and we will honour it."
'What we are now getting are some of those who were always absolutely opposed to the result of the referendum, trying to hijack Brexit and, in effect, steal the result from the people.'
There are various backbench moves to prevent the UK leaving the European Union without a deal on 29th March, he said. He warned that, if the referendum result was not honoured: 'The consequences politically would be astronomical.'
Fox also said that he believed the way to break the deadlock was to win over more Conservative MPs to the PM's deal by finding a 'different mechanism' to the 'backstop' proposal, to prevent a return to a hard border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.
Earlier, Marr interviewed Labour's anti-Brexit Chair of the House of Commons Exiting the European Union Committee, Hilary Benn, and Labour's anti-Brexit Shadow Brexit Secretary Keir Starmer. Marr opened his interview with Benn by saying: 'Hilary Benn, it's in your office tomorrow that these alleged backbench plotters are gathering in order to seize back control of the Commons agenda from the executive. Can you explain in clear terms what you're about and why?'
Benn replied: 'There are many MPs in the House of Commons whose first priority is to ensure that we do not leave without a deal and therefore are finding ways when we come to table amendments this week and debate on 29th January, how we stop that if the prime minister won't listen to the calls she's having from all quarters in all parties to stop a no-deal Brexit.'
Interviewing Starmer, Marr said: 'Is it conceivable that Labour at the next election won't be pro-Brexit?' Starmer replied: 'Well, we need to, as I say, build on our manifesto, take on board what we said at our conference. Of course it's then our members that have to be brought into the process through what we call a clause 5 meeting, and we will go through that process.'
Marr persisted: 'But as things stand you're going to go into that election as a pro-Brexit party?' Starmer replied: 'Andrew you're putting that to me and I'm not agreeing with you, I am describing the process that we will go through.'
PM May will make a statement to MPs today, setting out how she intends to proceed with Brexit. She will also table a 'neutral' motion – which various groups of MPs are expected to try to amend – to be debated and voted on, on 29th January.
Some MPs will present a bill that could allow Brexit to be delayed if Parliament does not approve a withdrawal deal.
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1.4 Process for clearing at clearing centres: All Banks participating at clearing centres have been provided with Express Cheque Clearing System (eccs) software and a server is located at Clearing House, where all bank branches exchange their cheques and also submit the data of cheques.
However, RBI proposes to introduce CTS for Govt.
There is no fear of something being dis-honoured.Reward point summary, offers and rewards, make S2S bookings.You can view the following information related to your SBI Card through the SBI Card mobile application: Account summary, unbilled transactions, card statement for the last 12 months.This will help Banks to identify and control fraudulent alterations.Please follow the below steps to change/ reset your mpin: Login to your account on SBI Card App using Password option Visit App Settings inside the Hamburger Menu ( ) Click on Manage mpin and enter the new mpin In case you have forgotten your.If you have still not created your SBI Card Online user ID and password, just download SBI Card App or visit m and follow the steps given below to register.This limits access to Mobile App from a trusted device only and makes your app usage secure.Demand Draft gets cleared in lejdi gaga poker face any branch of the issuing bank.You will need data access or internet connection on your device to use this application.The settlement bank makes settlement, based on the eccs report in accounts maintained with the bank.I do not remember my quick login mpin.
Or money is taken from your account for this reason.
So even if your phone is lost or stolen, your account is absolutely secure and cannot be compromised.
10/- GST, shortfall 50 -.
If you have not created your SBI Card Online user ID and password, just download SBI Card App and register.
All centres covered under the same grid will be treated as a single clearing zone and cheques drawn on these centres and presented at any of the grid centres are treated as locally drawn cheques in as much as no clearing charges would be applicable.1.13 The timeline for clearing of local cheques will be extended by an additional day in case of branches having non-Sunday weekly off and for 7 days branches, where branches are functioning on Sunday.You can download the app on your phones or tablets.1.11.3 Cheques deposited after the cut-off time and in drop-boxes outside the branch premises including off-site ATMs will be presented in the next clearing cycle.Please call SBI Card helpline at (prefix local STD code) or to unlink your account which will disable your Touch ID authentication for your SBI Card App on the lost device.1.3.5 After introduction of these special sessions for non-CTS cheques, drawee bank returns the non-CTS cheques, if presented in regular CTS clearing, with reason "37- present in proper zone which will have to be re-presented by the collecting bank in the immediate next special clearing.At any given point of time, you will be allowed to link two mobile devices with your login credentials.You gave a Citibank demand draft and the receiving person also has Citibank account) it gets cleared in that branch itself.How should I activate or deactivate the Touch ID for my Mobile App?1.11 Cheques deposited at branch counters and Cheques deposited in the drop-box within the branch premises, before the specified cut-off time, will be sent for clearance on same day, for which the clearance period will be T1 working day.


Charlotte Bronte was the eldest of the three Bronte sisters, who lived with their father and brother at the parsonage in Haworth in Yorkshire. Between them, they produced some of English literature's greatest novels. In addition to Jane Eyre, Bronte also wrote Shirley and Villette.