text:
Why did Truman not like MacArthur?
Ben Davis February 27, 2021
What did MacArthur do in response to Truman's decision not to strike the Chinese during the Korean War?
Why did US join Korean War?
Who attacked first in Korean War?
Who really started Korean War?
What were the long term effects of the Korean War?
What were the short and long term effects of the Korean War?
What were the impacts of the Vietnam War?
How did World War II contribute to the outbreak of the Korean War?
What was the central goal of the United States in the Korean War 2 points?
What is the legacy of the Korean War Why is it still significant today?
Did any country gain anything because of the Korean War?
Why did war break out between the Vietnamese?
What problems did Third World nations face?
A dispute between President Harry S. MacArthur, who commanded the troops of the United Nations, wanted to use American air power to attack the People's Republic of China. Truman refused, fearing that an American attack on China would bring the Soviet Union into the war.
MacArthur demanded authority to bomb Chinese bases north of the Yalu in China itself. But fearing a widening of the war and possible entry of the Soviet Union, Truman and his advisors refused. Instead, they ordered him to organize a phased and orderly retreat.
America wanted not just to contain communism – they also wanted to prevent the domino effect. Truman was worried that if Korea fell, the next country to fall would be Japan, which was very important for American trade.
Armed forces from communist North Korea smash into South Korea, setting off the Korean War. The United States, acting under the auspices of the United Nations, quickly sprang to the defense of South Korea and fought a bloody and frustrating war for the next three years.
The Korean war began on June 25, 1950, when some 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People's Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People's Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south.
Korean civilian casualties – dead, wounded and missing – totalled between three and four million during the three years of war (1950-1953). The war was disastrous for all of Korea, destroying most of its industry. North Korea fell into poverty and could not keep up with South Korea's economic pace.
The Korean War brought economic and social damage to Korea. However, the Korean War was able to boost the economy of both Japan and the US. The Korean War also legitimized the United Nations and led to further expansion of military power. The Korean War also showed the growing anti-communist feeling across the US.
More than two decades of violent conflict had inflicted a devastating toll on Vietnam's population: After years of warfare, an estimated 2 million Vietnamese were killed, while 3 million were wounded and another 12 million became refugees.
World War II contribute to dividing Korea into South and North Korea. Korea is divided into two after Japan suffered defeat in World War II. Then South Korea is controlled by America while North is by the Soviet Union. In fact, South Korea became a more developed country than North Korea.
block Chinese expansion into North Korea prevent South Korea from invading Japan contain the spread of communism eliminate Soviet influence in East Asia.
The brutal war that raged 60 years ago killed more than two million Koreans, separated thousands of families, and created the world's most heavily fortified border. It also drew the alliances that exist today. The armistice agreement that ended the war is a truce, rather than a peace treaty.
After the war ended, Australians remained in Korea for four years as military observers. Australia gained political and security benefits, the most significant being the signing of the ANZUS Treaty with the United States and New Zealand.
Why did the Vietnam War start? The United States had provided funding, armaments, and training to South Vietnam's government and military since Vietnam's partition into the communist North and the democratic South in 1954. Tensions escalated into armed conflict between the two sides, and in 1961 U.S. President John F.
What problems did Third World nations face ? The problems that the third world nations faced was that they faced political unrest that threatened the peace, poverty and a lack of education and technology.
Category: Sociology
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A simple exotic option (floor on rolled deposit) is studied in the shifted log-normal Libor Market (LMM) and Gaussian HJM models. The shifted log-normal LMM exhibits a controllable volatility skew. An explicit approach is used for both models. Using approximations the price in the LMM is obtained without Monte Carlo simulation. The more precise approximation uses a twisted version of the perdictor-corrector adapted to explicit solutions. The results of the approximation are surprisingly good.
R. Baviera. Bond market model. International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance, 9(4):577--596, 2006.
A. Brace, D. Gatarek, and M. Musiela. The market model of interest rate dynamics. Mathematical Finance, 7:127--154, 1997.
D. C. Brody and L. P. Hughston. Chaos and coherence: a new framework for interest-rate modelling. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A., 460:85--110, 2004.
A. Daniluk and D. Gatarek. A fully log-normal Libor market model. Risk, 18(9):115--118, September 2005.
E. Errais and F. Mercurio. Yes, libor models can capture interest rate derivatives skew: a simple modelling approach. Working paper 680621, SSRN, February 2005. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=680621.
D. Gatarek. Nonparametric calibration of forward rate models. Technical report, NumeriX, 2005.
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R. Rebonato. Modern pricing of interest-rate derivatives: the LIBOR market model and Beyond. Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, 2002.


For its part, Meridiam is trying to expand in North America, which has traditionally been more resistant to public-private infrastructure partnerships than Europe.
He attributed Europe's love of PPPs to the European Union, saying that the European Commission "has almost imposed" — implicitly, if not explicitly — that countries use private money to leverage European funding. Canada and Australia, he said, have also been enthusiastic about PPPs in recent years.
But those means of funding, he said, have hit their limit. "Most local authorities have reached a level of over-indebtedness," and now need to shift the burden to the private sector to continue building.
As for projects in the American market that Meridiam is bidding on, Déau listed a few — a major new terminal at LaGuardia Airport in Queens (where Meridiam is partnering with, among others, Skanska, Tishman Construction and Parsons Brinckerhoff on the construction side, and Morgan Stanley, Citigroup and Wells Fargo for financing), the Purple Line light-rail project in D.C.'s Maryland suburbs (where they're joining forces with Fluor for construction and engineering and one of Star America's funds on the money side), plus a judicial facility in Indiana and roads across the U.S., including in Nevada.
California, he said, had been more "touch and go" for Meridiam, with one highway project they were bidding on canceled, and the high-speed rail project is "not quite ready" for private involvement. As he so diplomatically put it, policy there must go through a "maturing process" before consortia of the type led by Meridiam can enter the picture.
If they do end up bidding on the high-speed rail project, though, Ray LaHood could be a valuable asset. The Obama administration was a big backer of the project, and in his parting remarks as transportation secretary, he said the national high-speed network could be President Obama's "crowning glory." Maybe one day it could be Meridiam's, too.


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GST to benefit lower, lower-middle income class: Asian Development Bank
The blog said the impact of GST may vary as the household bundle of goods and services differs with income level, preference, age composition and others.PTI | August 22, 2017, 17:04 IST
The impact will be felt by different sectors over differing period in a dynamic and non-linear pattern.
NEW DELHI: The goods and services tax in India will benefit the lower and lower-middle income class as it is likely to reduce the tax rate on goods, a blog posted on Asian Development Bank's website said.
It will mitigate significantly the negative impact of goods and services tax (GST) on the "bottom half" of the population, said the blogpost written by Mukul Asher, Professorial Fellow, Lew Kuan Yew School of Public Policy.
In general, GST is likely to reduce the tax rate on goods as compared to previously, while tax rates on services are expected to increase, the blog said.
As households progress towards higher income brackets, the share of household budget spent on services increases and on goods declines.
"So, the above overall trend would exhibit tendency towards lower burden for low and lower middle-income households, while the reverse is likely for upper middle income and high income households.
"This would significantly mitigate the negative impact of the GST on the bottom half of the population," reads the blog.
It has been about six weeks since GST became operational on 1 July, and the impact on overall economy business, households and government organisations is expected to be multi-faceted, Ahser said.
The impact will be felt by different sectors over differing period in a dynamic and non-linear pattern, he added.
The blog said the impact of GST may vary as the household bundle of goods and services differs with income level, preference, age composition and others.
He also said it is differential, not the absolute tax rate that matters to assess GST impact.
Further, the timing of GST has been favourable from global and domestic perspective in minimising the impact of GST on cost of living.
"The design of the GST and government initiatives has also helped in this respect. The media and other stakeholders, and the households themselves need to also play a constructive role in adjusting to the GST," Asher said.
A more service-oriented culture, backed by technology and professionalism by the GST tax authorities could help sustain the apparently small initial impact of the GST on the cost of living over a much longer period.
Tags : Industry, gst, india, asian development bank, technology, economy
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home > Plant Directory > Ficus microcarpa
Common Name(s): Laurel fig
Origin: India, Malaysia1
Introduction to Florida: pre-1912 (ornamental)2
Download a recognition card (PDF) from Invasive and Non-native Plants You Should Know3
Download a page (PDF) from Identification and Biology of Nonnative Plants in Florida's Natural Areas – Second Edition1
Control information: Integrated Management of Nonnative Plants in Natural Areas of Florida (EDIS publication SP 242)4
View more information and pictures about laurel fig, as contained in the Langeland/Burks book, Identification & Biology of Non-Native Plants in Florida's Natural Areas.
Evergreen tree to 15 m (50 ft) or more in height, with a rounded dense crown; smooth gray bark, milky sap, and long, thin, dangling aerial roots.
Alternate, simple, leathery, deep glossy green; oval-elliptic to diamond-shaped, to 13 cm (5 in) long, with short pointed, ridged tips.
Tiny, unisexual, numerous, hidden within the "fig"; a fleshy, specialized receptacle that develops into a multiple fruit (syconium).
Green turning to yellow or dark red when ripe; sessile, in pairs at leaf axils; small, to 1 cm (0.5 in) in diameter.
Ecological threat
Began spreading by seed in the 1970s, following apparently accidental introduction of species-specific pollinating wasps. Found in various tropical hammocks. FLEPPC Category I
C, SW, SE
Field Notations FICUMICR/FIMI2
Text from Invasive and Non-Native Plants You Should Know, Recognition Cards, by A. Richard and V. Ramey, 2007. UF/IFAS Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants, Publ. No. SP 431.
View the herbarium specimen image from the University of Florida Herbarium Digital Imaging Projects.
1. Identification and Biology of Nonnative Plants in Florida's Natural Areas – Second Edition,
by K.A. Langeland, H.M. Cherry, et al. University of Florida-IFAS Publication # SP 257. 2008.
2. Strangers in Paradise, Impact and Management of Nonindigenous Species in Florida, Chapter 2: Florida's Invasion by Nonindigenous Plants: History, Screening, and Regulation, by D.R.
Gordon and K.P. Thomas, pp. 21-37. Island Press, Washington, DC, 1997.
3. Invasive and Non-native Plants You Should Know – Recognition Cards,
by A. Richard and V. Ramey. University of Florida-IFAS Publication # SP 431. 2007.
4. Integrated Management of Nonnative Plants in Natural Areas of Florida, by K. A. Langeland, J. A. Ferrell, B. Sellers, G. E. MacDonald, and R. K. Stocker. University of Florida-IFAS Publication # SP 242. 2011.


We're looking for an experienced Product Designer to join our team in Austin. As a designer at thoughtbot you work with our clients to turn their ideas into great products that people love to use, and then grow them into successful businesses.
Product Designers live out and uphold our thoughtbot purpose and Design Team values. They actively take part in shaping these values to make sure they continue to align with the entire team.
Product Designers conduct user interviews and usability tests on the projects that they are working on regularly. They plan a research study to gain understanding, test assumptions, or test usability. They execute that plan by facilitating people through interviews, usability tests, ethnographic research or other methods. They synthesize findings from the research to the rest of their team and can create actionable steps from it.
Product Designers can lead a group of people through design exercises. They're able to handle difficult situations or personalities. They foster a highly-collaborative and inclusive design process. They incorporated their entire team in the act of designing.
Product Designers can lead a project team. They think strategically about how to release design in small pieces and regularly look for opportunities to validate the team's ideas. By parsing through research, they can establish the project's key success metrics. They help prioritize, refine and cut features based on the validation or invalidation that they find using research. They communicate potential process and infrastructure improvements while weighing clients' needs and budget.
Each Product Designer follows the process that gets them to the best result in the shortest amount of time. Product Designers seek out new processes and techniques, tries them out and assesses whether the broader team should use them. Product Designers employ a broad set of design tools to best solve and communicate user flows, interaction, and motion and know which tool to use depending on the scope and phase of the project. They seek out new tools, try them out, and assesses whether the broader team should use them.
Product Designers at thoughtbot demonstrate and articulate an understanding of layout, typography and visual hierarchy. They establish and execute on a consistent brand and interface for a product.
Product Designers take responsibility for the user experience for the products that they are working on. The design flows rather than individual screens. They ensure a consistent and intuitive experience across all of the features and products they are designing. They ensure that the copy for the product interface is consistent and follows the tone of the brand.
Product Designers understand that their designs need to be carried through to the platform that they are designed for. For web applications, this means implementing their designs with HTML & CSS, maintaining a clean markup and style, and working with our Developers in Git. They figure out how these same implementation principles apply to mobile, service design and experience design.
Product Designers explain their design decisions to teammates, clients, and users. They share work early and often and seek out constructive feedback on the work they have done. They give constructive and impactful feedback to other team members. They educate current clients and prospective clients on how design makes them more successful. They communicate complex ideas clearly and succinctly.
Our Product Designers take the initiative to lead rather than waiting for somebody else to. They take part in our design community by writing, participating in online forums and networks, and attending meetups and conferences. They mentor and teach other Product Designers, Apprentices at thoughtbot, and externally to thoughtbot. They participate in our hiring process for Product Designers and recruit other designers that they feel are a good fit for our team.
Very well-qualified candidates will also have experience with consulting, and have a proven track record of attracting potential customers.
We like to keep ourselves happy while we work. Here at thoughtbot there's stellar vacation time and fully stocked offices with everything from Klondike bars to neat little notebooks.
This is a full-time position with a competitive salary, paid time off, 401k with matching, and health insurance.
Our team works in a relaxed and educational environment to develop excellent products for our clients. We work a sustainable pace of 40 hours/week, consulting for clients four days/week. We also like to learn. Everything we do is predicated on having a great team and a culture of growing. We use the latest technologies and are always down to try new methods on both internal and client projects.
On Fridays, we have "investment time" when we learn new tools and techniques, work on open source, create new products, write blog posts, and try to make ourselves, each other, and the community better.
We pay 100% of expenses if you speak at conferences and 50% of the cost for attendees. We also have a 2-day hackathon at the end of every year.
We offer 25 paid vacation days and 11 paid holidays per year in addition to paid sick days. New parents receive at least 6 weeks paid parental leave in all locations, as well as the ability to take up to 6 months off.
For full-time U.S. employees, we pay 100% of medical, dental, vision, and life insurance premiums, plus we have a comprehensive 401k plan.


The 2,500 square foot space located in NYU's Waverly Building was transformed into a state of the art Nanotechnology Research Laboratory. The project's scope included a Wet Lab, Crystal Preparation Lab, Characterization Lab, Computer Graphics Lab, Data Analysis Room and a Controlled Environmental Chamber. The original terracotta arch ceilings were rehabilitated and exposed in the main Lab areas.


We've Made a Short Video - See What You Can Experience When Staying at Rowan Tree House!
Rowan Tree House in Sleights is perfecty situated for exploring the wonderful Yorkshire coast and moors, not to mention Whitby, Robin Hood's Bay and other wonderful local towns and villages. We put a short video together showing some of the highlights of our local area - so you can get a feel for what you might like to experience when you visit.
Whitby's remaining railway connection heads north, winding its way through the Esk Valley towards Middlesbrough where the line terminates. This is fine for a leisurely trip through some of Yorkshire's finest scenery, and it serves the local schools well too, but it's not great for rail journeys in other directions.
However, the Cinder Track as it is now known continues to be well used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders as it winds its way between Whitby and Scarborough.
It has always been our commitment to provide quality accommodation with a friendly atmosphere at an affordable price. When our guests stay at Rowan Tree House they can be certain of a comfy bed, a hearty breakfast and a cheery Yorkshire welcome!
Whatever time of year you visit Whitby there's always something to do in town or nearby. But throughout the summer, as the town fills up with visitors from around the world, so does Whitby's events calendar. Here's a quick rundown of some of the highlights.
Whitby is world-famous for its fish and chips - here are our recommendations for a fish supper, lunch, or quick snack while you're in Whitby!
Fish.Fillet.Feast! A special event taking place on 18th June between 11am and 7pm in various locations along the Yorkshire Coast near Whitby. Come and hear fishermen explain their industry - watch chefs prepare wonderful meals and even taste some freshly caught and barbequed fish - delicious! There'll be traditional crafts and activities for the whole family, music, performances and exhibitions all fish-related.
Rowan Tree House Bed and Breakfast is perched on the edge of the Esk Valley. The River Esk winds its way for nearly 28 miles through some of the most picturesque countryside in the North of England. Sleights is just a couple of miles from it's mouth at Whitby and is the perfect place from which to explore the route of the Esk - as it runs past the villages and hamlets of the Esk Valley.
We've listed one of our rooms on AirBnB - a bit of an experiment for us, we'll see how it goes!
It would be easy to pass through Sleights without giving it much thought - or miss it altogether depending on which direction you're travelling to the Yorkshire Coast from.
But there's more to our little village than meets the eye. And in fact, it's a great location from which to enjoy this part of the country without having to cope of the crowds of Whitby.
Read our quick roundup of Sleights' highlights!
Robin Hood's Bay - You Can't Visit Yorkshire Without Visiting Bay!
Head down to Robin Hood's Bay and explore the cobbled alleyways, rocky beach and be transported back to the time of the smugglers. Enjoy the newly improved play park (if you have young children!), some fish and chips or a tea or coffee in one of the wonderful cafes - you won't regret it!


Mar 31 Will Google Stadia Steal Your Games Collection?
The YouTube channel Inside Gaming did an incredible job researching and explaining the future of gaming and debating if we will ever truly own our video games. I had to share this because it perfectly describes what to expect with the evolution of streaming.


Cheers Cowichan Tours was founded in spring of 2014 by Susan Quackenbush. The idea for Cowichan's own tour company was born from a perceived need for easier movement to and between the many popular attractions here on Vancouver Island.
Cheers offers tours daily, all year!
CHEERS COWICHAN ~ WHO ARE WE?
We are your authoritative guide to all Cowichan region destinations and many others here on Vancouver Island. Cheers Cowichan is the ONLY tour company located in Cowichan and run by local experts. We know our wine country, craft breweries and hops farms, our festivals, our most fascinating destinations, our best restaurants, and some elusive 'off the beaten path' treasured spots. There's no tour company better qualified to help you explore this beautiful region and its diversity.
We've gathered a wealth of talent to operate our vehicles and to host our guests. Our guides share the same passion for the industry as the destinations we visit. Several sommeliers are available if you wish to host or schedule a food/wine pairing event.
I've been in the tourism industry since 19 years of age. I love the outdoors, good food, wine and people. I LOVE the Cowichan Valley.
I love having found Cheers Cowichan Tours and it's team and I'm thrilled to show off what our beautiful valley has to offer.
Professional driver of almost anything with wheels! When not delighting our guests with her easy charm and quick humor, Carol enjoys riding her Harley and metal detecting beaches and meadows on Vancouver Island.
Our 20 and 18 passenger busses picks up at scheduled stops: Hotels, B&B's, Island marinas, Villa Eyrie Resort on the Malahat, Hilary's Cheese in Cowichan Bay, Old Firehouse Wine Bar in downtown Duncan, Chemainus Best Western, the Cowichan Regional Visitor Center. Also locations in Victoria, Langford and Nanaimo. Call ahead to schedule pickup and travel arrangements.
Custom tours and transport for special events are available. Driver and bus can be rented on an hourly or daily rate. (ranging from $99-$150/hour with a 3 hour minimum. Stagettes, wedding transport,and birthday parties welcome.
In addition to the 20 and 18 passenger busses, an 11 passenger Mercedes Sprinter van and a private car are also available. Larger groups above 18 easily accommodated with several days notice.
Come explore Cowichan with us – Let Us Do The Driving!


Oatmeal cookies are generally liked by most people, kids included. And so here is an easy recipe that I like as it has far less sugar than most cookie recipes and to be honest, you cannot tell the difference once you get to taste them!
If you want to make something different with this basic recipe, you can add some dried ginger to taste. You end up with a lovely ginger cookie that has a zing to it.
Who doesn't like oatmeal cookies? This is an easy recipe to start with and this recipe will make about 40 cookies .
Beat the egg and add the sugar, cream, and milk.
a food processor for 1 minute, and mix with the flour, baking powder, and salt.
Stir all into the mixture, add the melted butter, and mix thoroughly.
Roll thin, cut, decorate with the back of a fork, and bake in a quick oven until golden brown. About 10 minutes.
However, each oven is different and you need to keep an eye on your cookies just in case they burn.
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text:
Sri Lanka: Getting back to play
Mercy Corps staff creates, inaugurates playground at a camp for displaced Sri Lankan families
by Amy Ellingson
The morning cool was just burning off as we bundled into the van. The vehicle was already packed full of paint, rope, and various hand tools that by the end of the day would help create a play ground for over 60 children who live at the Komari camp for tsunami-displaced families.
Every seat occupied, sometimes twice-over, we traveled north with nearly all 11 co-workers from Mercy Corps field office in Pottuvil, Sri Lanka. Today, even the finance and administrative staff were going to get their hands dirty.
Our objective was to create a colorful playground from a dusty flat using nearly all local resources acquired by the community itself. Items such as palm tree trunks, beach sand, coconut husks, old bicycle wheels and tin cans were our inspiration. Leading the charge was Viji Krishnamoorthy, Mercy Corps' Program Manager who has a soft spot for such projects. Recently, Krishnamoorthy helped co-publish a book that details a variety of ways to transform Sri Lanka's everyday resources into a play haven for youngsters.
All over Sri Lanka, children's parks are a vital and much-loved source of community activity. When quizzing my co-workers about the importance of creating a space for children to come socialize and vent their energy, all of them remembered fondly their own neighborhood parks. "I wanted to go every day, but my mother would only take me once a week. I looked forward to that day all week," said Banu, Mercy Corps' secretary.
After the tsunami leveled the town of Komari, children have had only nightmares and a strange, new daily reality to occupy their thoughts. Recently schools have reopened, and a church has organized a couple of youth events, but the lack of a community playground has been a noticeable void.
"This park will help replace bad memories of tsunami or lost parents with new friends and good health," said Azmeth, a Mercy Corps Project Officer.
One local father who helped assemble the park over the course of the long, hot day rejoiced in a project that provided a "specific place for the children to play and have fun, not only for my family, but the whole community."
At last, as the hot sun started its downward spiral, the finishing touches were put on the brand-new play equipment -- not a moment too soon as the crowds of eager youth descended. Each section of the playground was monitored by a Mercy Corps staff or volunteer community member, explaining the rules to the particular game and doling out prizes to the participants.
It was mayhem in the best sense. Crowd favorites included a balance beam, a ball and hoop toss. one-handed pillow fight and the tree ladder race. Two cousins, Janosa and Sangeetha, ages 11 and 10 were ecstatic, raving that this was the "best park we've ever been to." Ten year-old Kinaharan agrees, saying that he especially loves the tree swing and can't wait to come back.
As dusk was settling into darkness, the final game was announced: the universal favorite, Tug Rope. After a close call between the women and girls of Komari camp and Mercy Corps women, it was time for the men to square off. This match-up pitted a group of burly men, seasoned from building over 100 shelters over the past few weeks, against a handful of relatively scrawny aid workers. I'll admit that my bets were cast early on.
Incredibly, when the tugging stopped, it was the Mercy Corps men who won the day. Laughing, Viji might have put it best: "Heart triumphs over brawn anytime."
It was an exhausting and exhilarating time for everyone, aid workers and displaced families alike. As we all dissipated into the gathering night, we couldn't wipe the grins off our faces, and you could hear laughter spread throughout the camp.
Amy Ellingson is a Private Funds Documentation Officer for Mercy Corps in Sri Lanka.
South Asia: Earthquake and Tsunami - Dec 2004
ICRC activities in Sri Lanka - Delegation newsletter, December 2014
A catastrophe which shook the world
Humedica
Remembering the lives lost, ten years on...
Sri Lanka Red Cross
Sri Lanka + 3 more
2004 Tsunami: A look back at Handicap International's response


On this page you will find headphones Canyon at the lowest prices, more so all headphones Canyon ranked from the lowest to the highest price. It will be easier to see products that are now marked at their lowest price. The item with the lowest price in this category is Canyon Jazzy Earphones CNS-CEP3RO pink makred at £3.97 incl. VAT. Is this what you're looking for?


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Postgraduate Policy Responses
Consultations 2006
NPC/06/12/A - A consultation on a new charging regime for immigration and nationality fees
Also in Consultations 2006...
NPC/06/01/A Part-time HE provision in Wales
NPC/06/01/B HEFCE Strategic Plan 2006 - 11 Consultation
NPC/06/01/C EPSRC Postgraduate Training Strategy Consultation
NPC/06/03/A Eurodoc 2006 Questionnaire
NPC/06/10/A - Reform of higher education research assessment and funding
NPC/06/12/B - Submission by the National Postgraduate Committee of the United Kingdom to the House of Commons Education and Skills Committee Inquiry into The Future Sustainability of the Higher Education Sector: purpose, funding and structures
NPC/06/12/C - Submission by the National Postgraduate Committee of the United Kingdom to the House of Commons Education and Skills Committee Inquiry into The Bologna Process
Q1 Do you think that we should set prices flexibly to take into account wider policy objectives such as attracting international students and people on business?
Comment: The National Postgraduate Committee believes that there should be a differentiation in prices to attract international students. International Students bring in substantial income to the United Kingdom but are limited in their ability to transfer this money with them.
We further believe that there should not be a differentiation within student fees.
Q2 Should prices reflect a range of factors, or only those that are of value to the migrant?
Factors of value to the migrant Comment: The NPC believes that prices should not reflect a range of factors for the pricing of International Students. We believe that as many international students bring families into the UK, they would face increased hardship though a consideration of a range of factors. Such a system for judging a range of factors would overcomplicate the system and would increase the costs associated with running the system.
We assert the value of international students to the vibrancy of the UK, its economy and society and feel that it would be unfair to judge students according to a range of factors which would ignore their desire for active participation in the UK Higher Education system.
Q3 Do you think that applications for citizenship should be priced according to value or to the costs of processing the application?
Value Costs
Comment N/A
Q4 With which of the following statements do you agree:
a) Fees should be set to help promote the UK as a competitive destination YES
b) Fees should be set according to the same principles , but might vary between the UK and overseas
c) Fees for the same service should be the same in the UK and overseas YES
(You may choose more than one option)
Comment: The National Postgraduate Committee has lobbied previously and continues to believe fees are offputting to attracting international students and believes that no fees would be better in creating a competitive destination for international students. The visa cost of entering international students should be met by general taxation to the benefit of students seeking to study in the UK and to recognise their value economically and socially to the UK.
While recognising the existence of fees currently, we believe that fees should not vary in cost for application between the UK and overseas to show that we value and actively seek international students and to highlight the attractiveness of higher education for both UK and overseas applicants.
Q5 Should employers and educational institutions be able to include payment of visa fees within sponsorship and certificate fees for international employees and students?
Comment : The NPC believes this would be of benefit to international students and particularly international postgraduate students who may seek sponsorship or funding from their respective governments. Including visa fees in the total certificate or degree cost would remove the hidden nature of visa application fees to an already expensive process and Higher Education Institution fees.
Q6 What help would sponsors need to ensure that they are acting legally in bringing in particular migrants?
Comment The NPC feel it is the duty of institutions to ensure support for international students by employing advisers in Immigration law. The UK government should liaise and support this process, running an information Hub to guide these advisers in changes to the process and supporting the process.
Institutions would also be best supported by an agency or body within UK VISAS and Universities UK organisations to facilitate the sharing of best practice and support in handling the visa application process. This would particularly support institutions with specific needs for international and postgraduate students such as the extension of visas with regard to writing-up students or on a month by month extension.
Q7 How might any impact on small and medium-sized businesses be minimised?
Comment : N/A
Q8 What special measures might be needed for cultural and specialist groups?
Comment : The NPC believes international students, as a specialist group should be exempt from fees.
We recognise that fees have been introduced but believe that one fee should cover the whole student stage. This would be particularly important for postgraduates going into a writing-up year or period of time where they might not be recognised as completing their programmes.
International postgraduate students entering their writing year should be able to apply for a visa extension but not pay an extension fee. Removing the fee would ease administrative burdens and most importantly support the international student to complete their programme by removing financial burden and worry.
Due to the specialist nature of students the NPC further believes that UK VISAs should visit institutions to extend visas in person. This would create a dialogue between institutions and the Visa application process and furthermore ease administration and support the student more practically.
Q9 Do you think that any of the proposals outlined would impact adversely on community relations?
Comment : The NPC believes that the proposals would not impact adversely on community relations.
We do however feel that fees act as a deterrent to international students and therefore challenge the ability of institutions to broaden their programmes and institutional internationalisation. International students add to the vitality, learning experience of institutions and their surrounding areas. To ensure a diverse society and the associated benefits of cultures mixing international students should be encouraged and fees should be removed or lessened to support this process.


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IMPORTANT NOTICE – COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS Mega Record & CD Fair April 2020
Since Thursday 12 March, all meetings with more than 100 people throughout the Netherlands have been cancelled. This also applies to public locations such as museums, concert halls, theatres, sports clubs and sports competitions. For the time being, these measures apply until 6 April 2020, but will in all likelihood be extended. These measures affect…
March 18, 2020 NEWSBy Kimberly
Madonna's MTV Bedtime Story Pyjama party – 25 years ago today!
March 18, 2020 NEWS, VIDEOBy Kimberly
Get Together discography online – 18 different pressings
So now that the Madame X Tour is over, let's get back to working on the discography! Next is Madonna's third single taken from the extremely succesful 'Confessions on a Dance Floor' album. Get Together was released globally and became another hit for Madonna. She performed the track during her promotional tour on TV shows…
March 17, 2020 Discography, New items (site), NEWSBy Kimberly
Madame X Tour Paris shirts
Two new Madame X Tour Paris shirts added.
The official Paris shirt and one of the unofficial ones being sold outside the Le Grand Rex (these were only available at later dates) at 10EUR a shirt
Check it all out at our Madame X Tour page
March 17, 2020 Madame X Tour, NEWSBy Kimberly
Madame X did not die in Paris…….
Madonna covers limited edition of Harper's Bazaar April 2020 V&A cover (ORDER LINK AVAILABLE)
This limited-edition cover of the Harper's Bazaar April 2020 issue features a striking photograph of Madonna wearing a Jean Paul Gaultier kimono, originally shot for the magazine's 1999 issue. Gaultier's eye-catching design is now on show as part of the V&A's landmark exhibition, 'Kimono: Kyoto to Catwalk', which is celebrated inside the issue with a deeply…
Madame X Tour memorabilia and clippings added (Paris)
Some more items have been added to the memorabilia and press sections of our Madame X tour page HERE.
Included is the VIP book, VIP pass, unofficial shirt (sold outside the Le Grand Rex) and some press clippings.
Madonna posts video teaser of the Madame X Tour
Madonna choreographer Damien Jalet lets headless dancers loose
After collaborations with Florence and the Machine for the song "No Light, No Light", with filmmaker Luca Guadagnino for the horror-film "Suspiria", and with Radiohead's Thom Yorke and Paul Thomas Anderson for the Netflix short film "Anima", Jalet's cutting-edge work caught the eye of Madonna. For the "Madame X" tour, the choreographer had the queen…
Madame X Tour London + Paris 2020 – Full Live Report by Kimberly
Madame X….what an amazing album, another work of genius with the incredible Mirwais (responsible for my all time favourite Madonna albums and songs). The era started off so well with the best lead single since 'Hung Up', 'Medellin' was and is just lush! The music video lived up to the song and attending the fabulous…
Diplo Explains Why Madonna Is His Hero & Shares Secrets From His Justin Bieber Grammy Performance
During his Billboard cover shoot, Diplo sat down to look back at some memorable moments from throughout his career, including his very first time attending the Grammy Awards, working with his hero Madonna, performing with Justin Bieber, and his most recent Grammy win. The episode of Throw It Back begins as Diplo is shown a red carpet picture of himself and Switch at…
Madonna's Raising Malawi Foundation
Madonna's Raising Malawi Foundation SEATTLE, Washington — Malawi is a small, landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that has faced its fair share of struggles throughout the years. More than 80 percent of the country's population of 17.5 million work in agriculture, and in recent years the country has seen many agricultural issues including problems with finding water…
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Q: Adjust spacing between list elements in Word 2010 Is there a way to adjust the spacing between list elements in Word 2010?
I can apply a style to the list, and then edit the style, and edit the spacing before and after the element, but this applies to the list, not the list element.
There are no styles I can see which can be applied to a list element allowing the spacing between list elements to be adjusted.
If I select 1 list element, and then adjust the spacing before or after in the Page Layout tab, this applies to the whole list, not the list element, which defeats the purpose.

A: Use the after (or before) spacing in the paragraph section rather than the line spacing, that way you won't alter the spacing within each list item:
Right click on the style -> modify style -> click format -> click paragraph (it's in the spacing section with 0pt 0pt etc.)  Don't forget to un-check "Don't add space between paragraphs of the same style" for this to work.

A: I think what you are looking for is Line Spacing option.
Select all the list elements. Then in the Home tab under paragraph section, to the left of the paint bucket you'll see the Line Spacing button. In it there are values like 1, 1.5, 2... Select a value from it or you can set a custom value also.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Home Telugu News Tollywood Is Samantha the second highest paid actress in South?
Is Samantha the second highest paid actress in South?
With the success of Allu Arjun's movie Pushpa: The Rise, Samantha Ruth Prabhu became the talk of the town. While she has been a popular South Indian actress, she gained quite some attention in the north after her success in 'The Family Man 2'. According to reports, Samantha charges Rs 3 Cr per project. According to the latest buzz, Samantha is now to be second top heroine in terms of fame and is considered to be the second highest paid actress in South Indian cinema after lady Superstar Nayanthara. The reports are coming that Samantha charges Rs 3 cr per film while it was also reported that Samantha had charged a whooping Rs 1.5 cr to appear in a song in Sukumar' magnum opus Pushpa: The Rise.
Samantha has proved that she brings in much fame and profit for the movie she acts in. Soon she will be seen playing one of the female lead in Tamil drama 'Kaathuvaakula Rendu Kaadhal' which is directed by Vignesh Shivan. The movie also has Nayanthara and Vijay Sethupathi in the lead role. Nayanthara charges around Rs 5-6 crs per film.
On the otherside, Samantha is now shooting for women-centric film Yashoda and is waiting for the release of Women centric film Shaakuntalam.
Previous articleRadhe Shyam benefit show details
Next articleRashmika Mandanna to play Female lead in Vijay's Next


If you've been diagnosed with high blood pressure, your doctor has likely prescribed a low-sodium diet. The recommended intake for dietary sodium is 1,500 milligrams per day, with an upper limit of 2,300 milligrams per day for people who are not at risk for high blood pressure based on age, medical history or ethnicity. The average American takes in 3,400 milligrams per day, about three-quarters of which comes from processed and restaurant foods rather than from the actual salt shaker.
Sticking to a low-sodium diet in this country is not easy. It's not just a matter of avoiding unhealthy foods like cured, processed meats (bacon, sausages) and fast food meals. It can also mean avoiding some nutritious foods like whole-wheat bread, cottage cheese, vegetable soups, olives and calorie-controlled frozen dinner entrees. And after all that effort, at the end of the day, reduced-sodium diets on their own aren't always enough to reduce the risk of stroke from high blood pressure.
This may be due to the fact that traditional emphasis on reducing dietary sodium leaves out the other half of the body's fluid-balance equation: potassium.
Potassium is sodium's natural foil--the yang to sodium's yin. Sodium causes the kidneys to retain excess fluid in the body; potassium coaxes the kidneys to excrete sodium into the urine. Indeed, a growing body of research supports an inverse relationship between potassium intake and blood pressure levels or risk of cardiovascular events like heart attack or stroke.
And yet, despite this robust body of evidence, the message of "more potassium" seems to get drowned out by the louder message of "less sodium."
The recommended intake of potassium for healthy adults without kidney disease is 4,700 milligrams per day. The average American gets about 2,640 milligrams per day--or only about 56 percent of the target level. This widespread shortcoming in dietary potassium is symptomatic of a broader deficit in the average American diet: fruits and vegetables. As it turns out, fruits and veggies--especially dark green and bright orange ones--are among the best sources of dietary potassium.
But even if salads aren't your thing, there are plenty of creative ways to increase your potassium intake. Here are my picks for the most delicious potassium-rich food combos to add to your diet rotation in support of efforts to reduce blood pressure through diet.
-- Tropical coconut water smoothie: One cup of plain coconut water contains 600 milligrams of potassium (13 percent of the daily value) in exchange for a reasonable 46 calories and 6 grams of natural sugar. For a liquid potassium powerhouse, blend 1 cup of coconut water with 1 small banana and 1 cup of frozen mango chunks. The combo has about 240 calories and 25 percent of your daily potassium needs.
-- White beans and spinach: White beans and dark greens are a classic combo of Mediterranean cuisine. These nutritional dynamos both happen to contain a high amount of potassium: 1 cup of the beans has almost 1,200 milligrams of potassium (25 percent of the daily value), and 1 cup of cooked spinach has about 840 milligrams (18 percent of the daily value). For a super-fast and delicious Mediterranean side dish à la Martha Stewart, sauté a small chopped onion and 2 cloves of chopped garlic in olive oil until translucent. Then, toss in 2 cans of no-salt-added white beans, drained and rinsed well. Once the mixture is heated through, add an 11-ounce bag of pre-washed spinach, well chopped, and 1/4 cup of white wine vinegar. Once the spinach is wilted, season with dried thyme and pepper.
-- Plain, low-fat yogurt and dried plums: Skip the high-sodium cheeses, and get your potassium-rich dairy from yogurt or milk instead. For a cup that overfloweth with potassium, sweeten a 6-ounce container of plain, low-fat yogurt with 3 pitted and diced dried plums (It sounds better than "prunes," don't you think?); they're among the very best sources of potassium. This snack clocks in at 170 calories and contributes 600 milligrams of potassium (13 percent of the daily value) to your daily tally.
-- Butternut squash and asparagus: A 1 cup serving of frozen, puréed butternut squash delivers about 320 milligrams of potassium without any added sodium--or effort. Place it alongside five large spears of grilled asparagus, and these vibrant accompaniments to whatever chicken, fish or meat dish is on the dinner menu will deliver a flavorful 11 percent of your daily value for potassium.
-- Roasted Patatas Bravas: This well-known Spanish appetizer of crispy potatoes in a piquant tomato sauce is a hidden treasure trove of potassium: A small potato (5 ounces) paired with 1/2 cup of canned, crushed tomatoes delivers 23 percent of the daily value--over 1,000 milligrams! Recipes abound online for versions of Patatas Bravas that call for roasting--rather than frying--the potato chunks. The dish's signature tomato sauce is generally made with some combination of onions, garlic, tangy vinegar, smoky paprika and/or Tabasco sauce--a deep bench of strong flavors that precludes the need to add much--if any--salt. Look for no-salt-added versions of canned tomato products when shopping for ingredients--they are easy to find.
It's essential to note that potassium targets should be reached through foods--not supplements like potassium salts, whose concentrated doses of potassium can interact with certain medications or cause dangerous electrolyte imbalances. Also, adding more potassium to your diet doesn't buy you free license with salt; absolute sodium intake matters for stroke risk, too.
Since so much of the salt in our diets comes from restaurant or convenience meals, however, you need not banish the salt shaker from your home. You're likely to be better off using the salt shaker to (conservatively) season a cooked-from-scratch meal in place of pre-salted convenience foods or restaurant meals.
Tamara Duker Freuman, MS, RD, CDN, is a NYC-based registered dietitian whose clinical practice specializes in digestive disorders, Celiac Disease, and food intolerances. Her personal blog, www.tamaraduker.com, focuses on healthy eating and gluten-free living.


Filing your income taxes can be easy or it can be extremely complicated. For most people, it causes so much stress that they will pay for tax preparation services so they don't have to do their own taxes at all. Whether you do your own taxes or have someone else do them for you, there is always the potential to make a mistake. Unfortunately, making mistakes doesn't sit very well with the IRS. Here are three things that can happen if your taxes aren't prepared correctly.
The tax audit can be one of the most stressful things a person goes through. In a lot of cases, it can be avoided. For instance, some people get flagged for an audit simply because they made a math error or entered a wrong number in one of the boxes. However, sometimes, you will be flagged for a tax audit just because you are wealthy or try to write off a sizable portion of your income as contributions to charity.
No matter what the reason is for your tax audit, it is usually the first step in determining if your return was prepared correctly. If it was, then you can rest easy that it is over and you don't owe more money to the IRS. If your return was incorrect, the audit can either find you are due a refund or, as in most cases, that you owe more taxes to the IRS than you initially thought.
2. Your unpaid taxes incur penalties and interest.
If you are found to owe more taxes to the IRS than your original return stated, you will not just have to pay the additional tax - you will also incur a late penalty on the amount of the underpayment and have to pay interest. The IRS charges you a penalty of 0.5% of the unpaid tax amount each month it has gone unpaid after the due date. The total penalty will never exceed 25%. As for the interest rate for unpaid portions of your tax bill, it is currently at an annual rate of 3% that is added to your unpaid balance yearly.
3. Various ways for the IRS to get their money from you.
If the amount you owe the IRS is too large for you to pay in one payment, they will offer to work with you on a payment plan. However, if you fail to make your payments, or just refuse to work with the IRS at all, they can get their money from you in other ways.
One of the most well-known ways is to garnish your wages. The law tells the IRS how much they have to leave you in your earned wages for each paycheck. Whatever amount you make that goes over that figure, the IRS will take each paycheck until your tax bill, including penalties and interest, is paid in full.
Not only will the IRS garnish your wages, but they can also take your assets, including your home, freeze your bank accounts, and take your future tax refunds to pay your unpaid tax bill. As you can see, not having your tax return prepared correctly can have serious ramifications on you for a long time afterward. To find more information, contact someone like Groskreutz, Schmidt, Abraham, Eshleman & Gerretse CPA.


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Twitter is one of the biggest social networks, and for indie authors, it can be helpful to grow a following on Twitter. Andy Thompson details 8 strategies on how to increase your following.
Twitter is certainly one of the social media foundations of the cyber world we are in. It is one of the most instrumental arenas to promote social media page and establish your brand or identity. You have lots of reasons to pay adequate attention in finding strategic ways to promote your social media page. Twitter page management can be best done if the most suitable Twitter strategies are integrated.
You will be most likely followed by people whom you are already connected with. Try to find your LinkedIn connections right on Twitter and start following them. Twitter doesn't have a way to automatically do this yet, but you can do something to make this step way easier.
First, go to your LinkedIn Contacts page and choose "settings". You can then see the option of exporting contacts through a .CSV file. This file can just simply be uploaded to the email contacts you have. From Twitter, you can already import your email contacts more conveniently. This now includes your LinkedIn connections. The last step would be to choose which among them you want to follow.
If you want to raise the chances of multiplying your followers the natural way, you have to make it a point to load your page with lots of fresh content. However, posting each of them manually could be an ultra taxing job, so to make the job done instantly, simply schedule your posts to your desired time intervals.
Some tools are totally free and some have a very minimal fee. You can use Hootsuite in scheduling you tweets ahead. This sustains a continuous flow of content updates and this saves a great deal of time in your part. Users who post regularly are more likely to receive engagement from their fans.
Each week, groups that come from varieties of industries gather on Twitter to converse about a certain theme. Joining these chat sessions and interacting with other users can help you meet new acquaintances that can be potential followers. You can also obtain a more substantial benefit by actually learning from the experiences of these diverse people, and you can get to share your industry insider perspective as well. Some of the most popular chats include #blogchat, #CustServ, #tchat, #mediachat, and #HBRchat.
Most of us have some spare time that can turn productive. For example, you can actually tweet while commuting on your way to work. Tweet while you're on queue or while you're in the gym. Tweet during commercial breaks while watching TV. You have 24 hours a day and you can surely use your idle time to boost your Twitter page management.
When you receive comments from other users, or a retweet and a favorite, you must engage with these people that took time to notice your content update. The more you interact with them, the more likely they are to follow your page. This is one of the Twitter strategies you should consider.
Quotes prove to entice a large volume of engagements. Choose the most striking quotes that your target audience will be likely to relate to. There's also another app you can use for this. You can maximize Forismatic to have a large collection of inspirational quotes that you can post in a snap. This saves you time and boosts your Twitter presence.
You can use another tool for this called Tweepi. This scans the list of accounts which follow your followers on Twitter. These people most likely have similar interest with you and have higher chances of sticking to your page.
Go to the #Discover section on your dashboard. Twitter actually has a list of people they recommend you to follow. This can help you in the long run as well.


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Peter and the Starcatcher Performance
Peter and the Starcatcher
by Dave Barry and Ridley Pearson
Gezon Auditorium
Directed by Debra Freeberg
Musical direction by Nate Glasper
April 5,6, 11,12,13 at 7:30 p.m., April 10 at 10:00 a.m.
Peter and the Starcatcher written by Dave Barry and Ridley Pearson, is the prequel to the Peter Pan story. An orphan and his secretive new friend, Molly, overcome bands of pirates and thieves in their quest to keep magical star stuff secret and save the world from evil. High adventures on the seas involve two ships three orphans, two heroic Asters, two identical trunks, and two villains complete with piratical minions. Our story ends on tropical, exotic Mollusk Island as fish are transformed into mermaids, Peter learns to fly, Black Stache loses a hand, a crocodile flies, and Molly and her father succeed in their secret mission to protect the star stuff. Performed in a theatrical story-telling style, the cast and crew create magic with objects found and imagination run wild.
It's Calvin Theatre Company's 85th anniversary season and we are privileged to welcome you to our Create, Unite, Renew year of the arts! In 2018-19, we're exploring themes of gender, race, and reconciliation. We're glad for you to join in the storytelling and the conversation.
Peter and the Starcatcher is underwritten by an anonymous donor to Calvin College, and is also supported in part by an award from the Michigan Council for Arts and Cultural Affairs


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Search - Born Into Brothels [dvd] on DVD
Genres: Drama, Documentary
Studio: Lions Gate Home Ent. Release Date: 05/22/2007
Sub-Genres: Drama, Documentary
Studio: Lions Gate
Children Underground
Director: Edet Belzberg
The Boys of Baraka
Directors: Heidi Ewing, Rachel Grady
Director: Roman Polanski
Director: Mike Newell
R 2000 2hr 7min
Extraordinary Measures
Director: Tom Vaughan
PG 2010 1hr 46min
Paradise Road
PG-13 2009 2hr 1min
Precious Based on the Novel Push by Sapphire
Director: Lee Daniels
Best Documentary Oscar Winner
B. Merritt | WWW.FILMREVIEWSTEW.COM, Pacific Grove, California | 09/02/2005
"One of the most despicable things that has to do with this film is that there aren't more glowing reviews of it here at Amazon.com. Why is that? Come on people! There must've been a wide viewing audience of it since its win at the Academy Awards!
We (i.e., The U.S.) don't often see the grittiest side of life. And when I say gritty, I MEAN gritty. The audience takes an emotional roller coaster ride with narrator and director Zana Brisky as she visits the red light district in Calcutta. Here she meets up with eight children who are the off-spring of prostitutes who "work the line", trying to make enough money to buy their next meal. The children seem doomed to a life of extreme poverty and, most likely for the girls, to also "work the line" when they reach the ripe old age of 14 or 15.
But Mrs. Brisky decides to teach the children how to shoot photographs of their surroundings (she gives each of them a simple point and shoot camera) and engages them in weekly classroom-like visits, showing them the photos they shot the previous days and telling them what they did right and wrong. The children are immediately smitten by the idea of becoming photographers, and they seem to be lifted out of their horrible surroundings, dreaming of becoming world-famous photo-journalists.
Throughout the film we see mostly the children, which I found to be extremely refreshing as far as documentaries go. Most documentaries (I feel) put too much emphasis on the documentary maker(s) and show shot after shot of them rather than the subjects their supposed to be telling the audience about. But not here. Only a fraction of the footage is dedicated to images of Mrs. Brisky, and those portions were vital to the film. Mrs. Brisky tries to get the children out of their hovel as often as she can, and when she does -- for instance when she takes them for their first trip ever to the sea shore -- you can see the children light up (they dance and sing). But when they return to the red light district, their tone quickly sombers. The viewer sees (and feels) this time and again.
The amazing thing, too, is that the children become very able photographers, even having one of their photos appear on the cover of the Amnesty International calendar for 2005.
I should warn you, though, that the documentary doesn't sugar-coat anything (including some horrendous language, child abuse, death, murder, and the risk of HIV). But after watching this incredibly engaging film, I can easily see why it won Best Documentary during the Oscars."
The Lives, Hope, & Creativity of Calcutta's Lowly Children.
mirasreviews | McLean, VA USA | 07/22/2005
"In order to photograph in the red light districts of Calcutta, India, photojournalist Zana Briski lived there for several years. Though many of the residents were wary of her camera, Briski found that the neighborhood children were unafraid and curious. So she began teaching them photography, giving each child a point-and-shoot film camera with which to photograph his or her environment and providing classes on technique and editing. This eventually resulted in international acclaim for the children's photographs and media coverage for Briski's unusual photo classes. "Born Into Brothels" is a documentary of Briski's class of young photographers filmed by Zana Briski and Ross Kaufman about 2 years into the project that has become known as "Kids with Cameras".
The best thing about "Born Into Brothels" is that it allows the children to tell their story in their own words. Zana Briski's class of 8 photographers -who call her "Zana Auntie"- are children of prostitutes, born and raised among the harsh realities of Calcutta's Sonagachi red light district. There are 5 girls: Kochi, Tapasi, Shanti, Puja, and Suchitra, and 3 boys: Manik, Gour, and Avijit, ranging in age from 10 to 14 years, but mostly pre-teens. The documentary is dominated by interviews with the children and by their photographs, with occasional voiceover or footage of Zana Briski. The filmmakers are commendably respectful of the children and their decisions. These kids understand their situations very well and tend to be philosophical about it, yet many of them yearn for opportunities to escape life in the brothel. Interestingly, the kids are not fatherless children of single prostitutes, as I might have expected. Many of their mothers' are married and live with large extended families.
"Born Into Brothels" lets the kids talk about themselves, their families, and their world. We sit in on their photo classes, accompany them on photo field trips to the zoo and the beach, and sympathize with Zana Briski's frustration as she struggles with bureaucracy and prejudice to find boarding schools that will accept children of sex workers. We also see the kids beaming with pride and having some fun as they enjoy international success and a bit of fame in India as well. Zana Briski has obviously done a great deal of work and invested a lot of emotional energy in a project that may change the lives of a handful of children if she is lucky. But even if the kids lives' turn out no different than their parents', photography has broadened their outlook and given them some great experiences. "Born Into Brothels" is an engaging documentary of that process. To learn more or purchase prints, visit www.kids-with-cameras.org .
The DVD (Thinkfilm 2005): There are text bios of Zana Briski and Ross Kaufman. "About the Photographers" includes text bios of the children, which are useful in figuring out who is who."
A PHOTO OPPORTUNITY...
Lawyeraau | Balmoral Castle | 11/26/2005
"This documentary focuses on the children of the prostitutes of Calcutta's red light district and their introduction to photography. It provides only a glancing glimpse into their lives, as the filmmakers were often prohibited from filming in the brothels. This can be disappointing to those who are looking for more of an expose type of documentary. Still, the eight children upon whom the filmmakers focus charm the viewer with a fresh-faced, hopeful innocence that often belies the knowing look in their eyes, as they are all fully aware of what it is that their mothers do for a living.
The filmmakers make a concerted effort to provide these children with alternatives to the lifestyle that they see every day and passes for the norm within the red light district. Initially, they simply teach them the art of photography, so that they may be able to express themselves through photographs. The children earn some international acclaim for their efforts, and the filmmakers begin a financial trust account for the children as prints of their photographs rack up sales. Later, they try to ensure that the children have an opportunity for an education that will expose them to a larger world view and allow them to make an informed choice as to what they can do in life. Some of the children take advantage of the opportunities presented, while others do not.
The film is somewhat choppy, as it is comprised of an amalgamation of still photography and video and, at times, lacks some coherence, despite the subtitles. Consequently, when I first saw the film, I was disappointed. I decided to view it a second time; this time with the filmmakers running commentary, and it made a difference. The commentary provided some much needed cohesion. In the final analysis, however, I was quite surprised to learn that this film won an Academy Award for Best Documentary in 2005, given some of its shortcomings."
Life in Calcutta's underbelly
Kali | United Kingdom | 04/09/2006
"Quite simply this is a film that chronicles two foreign photographers, Zana Briski and Ross Kauffman's determined efforts to expose a hidden world that is Calcutta's red light district.
A hidden world that is ignored by those lucky enough not to live in it.
Zana who had lived in India on and off for many years had the idea to bring together a group of children, the sons and daughters of prostitutes living in the red light distrct to photograph the world in which they lived, worked and played in.
Armed with basic cameras the children find an outlet in photography, each child showing a different flair in portraying the imagery around them, from their families, the squalor on the streets, a trip to the seaside, a visit to the zoo, every picture tells a story of that child and his or her interaction with those around them.
Be prepared when watching this documentary for strong language, and powerful imagery in the guise of simple statements like, "I have no hope" along with the knowledge that some of these children will not leave the red light district despite the help they are being given by Zana and Ross.
The ties that bind are strong, and many of the young girls accept, albeit reluctantly the fact they will one day take up the work of their mothers whilst their husbands and male siblings look on helplessly, because they are unable to provide for them, and therefore life as a sex worker will at least put food in the bellies of hungry children.
This is not a perfect documentary in any sense of the word but is in fact a snapshot into a world most of us will never venture into because we are very lucky here in the West, we were not born into brothels, we are not Calcutta's red light kids and most of all we are not destined "walk the line" as fallen women whose legacy for their children is tragic as it is sordid."
Torn Up and Touched
Eric Wilson | Nashville, TN United States | 04/13/2006
"As a child, I lived for six months in India. I love to read books or watch films which depict the beauty and heartbreak of this amazing country. With this in mind, I rented the movie and hoped to share some of my memories with my two daughters.
My daughters, 11 and 13, aren't usually excited about documentaries. Within ten minutes they were hooked. We were taken into the lives of some children from a particular red light district. We saw their joy, personalities, struggles, abuse, and the eventual dark lives that awaited each of them. Yet, through the gift of art and photography, we saw them come alive with new hopes and goals.
The story is told without emotional saturation; it shows very little of the exploitation that goes on in the mothers' lives as prostitutes; but it manages to stir our empathy for this handful of children. By the end, I had tears in my eyes. I was happy for those who broke free from dismal futures, and I was torn up by the thought of the lives some of them are now forced to lead.
The work of Auntie Zana, the woman who teaches them photography, is wonderful. She shows true care for the kids, fighting for their educations and futures. Jesus said, "Let the little ones come unto me," and that's the type of love Zana personifies here. It's a beautiful thing."


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text:
«The Glow» - biography, albums, songs, video clips
post-rock experimental post-metal ska soul punk avant-garde male vocalists
This article is about the Bonnie Raitt album. For other uses, see Glow (disambiguation).
The Glow is the seventh album by Bonnie Raitt, released in 1979 (see 1979 in music).
"I Thank You" (Isaac Hayes, David Porter) – 2:51
"Your Good Thing (Is About to End)" (Isaac Hayes, David Porter) – 4:00
"Standin' by the Same Old Love" (Raitt) – 4:10
"Sleep's Dark and Silent Gate" (Jackson Browne) – 3:25
"The Glow" (Veyler Hildebrand) – 4:11
"Bye Bye Baby" (Mary Wells) – 3:17
"The Boy Can't Help It" (Bobby Troup) – 3:39
"(I Could Have Been Your) Best Old Friend" (Andy McMahon, Tracy Nelson) – 2:52
"You're Gonna Get What's Coming" (Robert Palmer) – 3:32
"(Goin') Wild for You Baby" (David Batteau, Tom Snow) – 5:25
As listed in liner notes:
Bonnie Raitt: Main vocal, Slide and National Steel Guitar
Danny Kortchmar: Electric Guitars
Waddy Wachtel: Guitars, Vocal Backing and Harmonies
Paul Butterfield: Harmonica
Bill Payne: Electric and Acoustic Piano, Oberheim Synthesizers
Don Grolnick: Piano
Bob Glaub, Bob Magnusson, Freebo: Bass
Rick Marotta, John Guerin: Drums, Percussion
J.D. Souther, Kenny Edwards, Maxayn Lewis, Rosemary Butler, Craig Fuller, Peter Asher: Vocal Backing
Larry Williams, Trevor Lawrence: Saxohphone
David Sanborn: Saxophone solo
Produced by Peter Asher
Recorded and mixed by Val Garay, Niko Bolas and George Ybarra
Mastered by Doug Sax
Album - Billboard (North America)
1979 Pop Albums 30
Singles - Billboard (North America)
1980 "You're Gonna Get What's Coming" Pop Singles 73


text:
Scottish independent retailers can participate in underage drinking campaign
Alcohol, News, Politics
Independent retailers in Scotland can help tackle underage drinking by taking part in a new campaign that raises awareness of the impact of buying alcohol for under-18s.
Published: 28th August 2018
The 'You're asking for it' campaign highlights the fact that it is a criminal offence to buy alcohol for minors, with fines of up to £5,000 or up to three months in prison.
It is running across Glasgow, Kirkintilloch, East Dunbartonshire and Burntisland, with more areas looking to join, including Edinburgh, Aberdeen and Inverclyde.
John Lee, head of policy & public affairs at the Scottish Grocers Federation, said retailers are central to the success of the campaign. "A big aim is to develop a good and supportive relationship between police officers, licensing standards and retailers," he said.
"This would see the police visiting retailers to distribute the campaign packs containing posters and point of sale. Retailers are encouraged to share intelligence about any proxy purchase-related incidents."
Dennis Williams, from Premier Broadway in Edinburgh, said: "It's an ongoing problem that's very difficult to solve as nobody gets charged for buying alcohol for minors," he said. "If this leads to people being charged, it will help."
Read similar: One in four Scottish retailers unprepared for minimum unit pricing


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Description: Mission: African Women Australia (AWAU) works to Advocate, Represent, Train and Empower African women and their communities within Australian social policy; locally, nationally and internationally. Advocacy: AWAU's advocacy encapsulates research, consultation and the collation of information and issues impacting the lives of African Women, their families and communities. Some of the issues advocated on in the past have included; Family and children; Housing, Employment, Domestic violence. ?AWAU monitor's such issues to ensure the appropriate outcomes are achieved. AWAU offers flagship training on rights and representation skills to enable African women to gain the necessary knowledge and skills to represent themselves and their communities at all relevant levels of Australian society. We aim to strengthen the voice of African women and their communities through participation. AWAU provides training on Human Rights for African communities and service providers as well as training on representation and leadership skills.AWAU fosters an empowered African community through participation in talks, conferences, advocacy and training. We provide an avenue for African women, societies and organisations to come together and share ideas, raise awareness of important issues, network and form new collaborative partnerships.


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text:
Thailand: Tak Bat Dok Mai Festival
Hua Hin Today, June 25, 2006
Hua Hin, Thailand -- The Tak Bat Dok Mai is a Buddhist ceremony in which locals offer flowers to the monks as a way of making merit. The ceremony is unique to Saraburi province. In addition to the offerings of cooked rice, food, incense, candles and other conventional sacred items, the Tak Bat Dok Mai ritual includes offerings of Dok Khao Phansa flowers that only come into bloom during the Buddhist Lent.
<< 10-11 July 2006: Wat Phra Phutthabat Ratchaworamaha Wihan, Phra Phutthabat District, Saraburi Province
The Dok Khao Phansa, the yellow flowers with smaller violet petals, is commonly found in Saraburi province. As the Dok Khao Phansa becomes an increasingly rare find these days, lotus, jasmine and rose have become acceptable alternatives for these floral offerings.
In the morning of the first day of the Buddhist Lent, residents of the community engage in merit-making activities by presenting offerings to the resident monks at the Wat Phra Buddhabat temple. Later in the morning, young couples venture out into the forested foothills to gather the Dok Khao Phansa flowers. Meanwhile in the district area, the candle procession and the "Tak Bat Dok Mai" procession head towards the temple courtyard.
As a prelude to the floral merit-making ritual which takes place in the afternoon, a variety of traditional folk games and cultural performances are featured.
Contests such as the long-drum dance, candle and Thai costume contests keep the audience entertained. In preparation for the "Tak Bat Dok Mai" merit-making ritual, Buddhist devotees line up along both sides of the street forming a long line that extends from the "mondop" or seven-tiered temple spire and trails back along the streets. This forms a passage along which hundreds of monks and novices file past to accept sacred offerings.
The monks then ascend to the Shrine of the Holy Footprint where the offerings received are in turn presented as a tribute to the Lord Buddha. Once the ritual has been completed, the Buddhist devotees pour water over the feet of the monks and novices in the belief that in doing so, the sins of the worshippers are washed away.


Laxmi Kumaran is the Production Stage Manager at California Shakespeare Theater and was formerly the Production Stage Manager at San Jose Repertory Theater. Before moving to the Bay Area, Ms. Kumaran stage managed in Chicago for a variety of theaters, including the Goodman Theatre and the Court Theatre. Laxmi has taught stage management classes at San Jose State, Northern Illinois, DePaul, and Northwestern universities, and at the University of California Santa Cruz. She currently teaches at UC Berkeley and Stanford University.


text:
No easy answers for medicinal cannabis cropping2 years, 6 months ago
Ashley Walmsley@AshWalmsley 19 Jul 2017, 4 a.m.
IN QUESTION: While the benefits and risks of medicinal cannabis continue to be debated, other questions over the potential for commercial production in Australia also remain unanswered.
Nervousness around sharing research information about medicinal cannabis production is making it difficult to advise a potential Australian industry.
MEDICINAL cannabis should be grown under protected cropping conditions, not open fields, according to an industry expert.
Widely known hydroponic cropping figure and author, Dr Mike Nichols, spoke at the Protected Cropping Australia Conference in Adelaide last week where he gave an insight into his research into the potential of medical marijuana.
While primarily giving an introduction to the various types of cannabis and examining some of its different medical properties, the New Zealand-based Dr Nichols also delivered opinions on the crop's potential.
"Many people consider outdoor production appropriate; I'm not one of them because we are dealing with a medicinal crop and we want to keep it in its highest quality from a disease, pests and those sorts of things, point of view," Dr Nichols said.
He said it was different to growing opium poppies in Tasmania.
"Because what you do with the opium poppy is that you treat it and you purify it," he said.
"Now with cannabis… in the main, the other people will use it as it is so you want to make sure there are no fungi on the heads and those sorts of things.
"It's got to be as clean as possible because you've got to use it as it is, rather than treated."
Mr Nichols said the world was changing quickly in its stance on cannabis as seen in legislation changes in the United States.
"I'm not into recreational drugs but I think it's going to develop and become a substitute for alcohol in due course," he said.
"It's a complex plant in terms of its medicinal properties. Nobody knows a great deal about it.
"I call it medical cannabis not medical marijuana because I consider marijuana is in fact the high THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol) type and there is much more to medical cannabis than just the high THC type.
"THC is the active ingredient which gives you the inebriation, the hallucinations and whatever."
The other major medicinal trait of cannabis is cannabidiol (CBD). This has been found to have positive benefits in helping control epilepsy, particularly in children.
"In simplistic terms, THC determines the pain relief, and CBD has an effect on the nervous system," Dr Nichols said.
His study into how the world was using the plant took him to The Netherlands on an official visit organised by the Dutch ministry of health.
INSIGHT: Protected cropping expert, Dr Mike Nichols, says there are plenty of issues that need to be worked out before the medicinal cannabis industry could be expanded in Australia.
In an example of the security surrounding cannabis production, Dr Nichols said he was picked up at a train station but taken to an undisclosed facility in a car with nearly blacked-out windows.
"I didn't know if I was going north, south, east or west. No photographs were allowed until I got inside the facility, then I could take what I wanted," he said.
"So I have no idea exactly where it is."
While cannabis is known for its medicinal or fibre qualities (hemp), Dr Nichols also pointed out its ability to be used as "mop crop", where it assists in water absorption and filtration.
But there were still many questions remaining about the particulars of the plant, including commercial production capacity, according to Dr Nichols.
Selecting a suitable strain for Australia would require considerable research, according to Dr Nichols.
"There is a real problem because of the large number of different cannabis strains which exist," he said.
Growing methods for hydroponic cannabis have advanced however sharing information on crop production was an area of nervousness within the industry.
Dr Nichols said work was being done on the use of LED lights for cannabis production but participating companies largely kept the results in-house.
"I am only aware of three research papers that are peer reviewed that have ever been published on the growth of cannabis and the yield," he said.
Harvest required taking the flower head from the female plant. The problem was that the plant flowered under short days meaning light control in greenhouses was critical.
Dr Nichols said techniques could be drawn from protected cropping chrysanthemum production which requires similar conditions.
In May this year, Australian and New Zealand ministers responsible for food safety regulations supported a draft standard that will allow low THC hemp seeds to be sold as a food.
Assistant Health Minister and NSW Nationals, Dr David Gillespie, said after an extensive body of research and evaluation, low THC hemp seeds had received approval to go forward into the Food Standards Code as a "food stuff".
Dr Gillespie said the research documented, in a scientific trial, that low THC hemp seeds would be "virtually impossible" to be the cause of a positive drug test.


text:
Vanessa Thomas SVP, Sales, Nielsen Music, North America
By Allison Outhit
Vanessa Thomas has worked in the music industry for 20 years, including time with Premiere radio networks in LA as VP of Marketing and five years as radio morning show personality Jo Thomas in San Francisco. After three years at GAVIN magazine in SF, she returned to Toronto in 2002 as Managing Director of Nielsen Entertainment Canada and is now currently SVP, Sales, Nielsen Music North America.
What is SoundScan?
We track all the point of sale purchases scanned from the barcodes. We capture all the sales of music in Canada both digitally and physically. Then we compile it into charts by region, genre, format and label and then you can sort it in a variety of different ways.
Who reports this data?
Monday to Sunday sales are captured from all the retailers like HMV, all the mass merchants like Costco and Walmart, all the internet, the independent sites plus iTunes, Napster, Puretracks. We're getting Zik.ca from Quebec shortly. They upload their sales file to an FTP site. We download it, sort it and put it together.
Who uses the data?
We work with all the major labels. We've got a lot of the independent labels, a lot of government agencies and PROs and so on. Record labels use it to track the sales of their artists and tweak their marketing campaigns, to see where they might need to do a bigger promotional push. Our data gets used to measure the strength of new artists, for royalties, to get funding from FACTOR or Radio Starmaker Fund.
If you're an unsigned artist, is there any way to access the data?
Yes, there are various packages at different price points. You can have full access or partial access or you can just have title reports emailed to you on a weekly basis. You can choose just to see only your titles, or to see charts. You can buy a one-off report.
Is there a way to report off-stage sales?
We have a Venue Sales Program that we created for indie artists so that we could capture their offstage sales. A typical eligible venue is an appearance at a registered venue site ― a concert hall, a club or in-store. You can join for a year and then submit as many reports as you want. It has to be signed off by the band and by the venue. We have strict deadlines about when it has to be submitted to make the next Wednesday's chart.
What trends can you identify based on last year's data?
Sales-wise I think we've bottomed out. In 2008 sales were at 40 million and in 2009 they were 41 million. Growth on digital is not as fast as the U.S., but in Canada we are buying more albums, which is good for Canada's musical economy. Vinyl shows monstrous growth, although the numbers are still small. It was up 83.5 percent in the last year! But that's still only 70,000 copies.
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