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Bureau of International Labor Affairs
Enforcing Trade Commitments
Strengthening Labor Standards
Combating Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking
Cross-Cutting Issues
Monitoring, Evaluation, Research and Learning
Middle East and Northern Africa
Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports
Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
List of Goods Produced By Child Labor or Forced Labor
List of Products Produced by Forced or Indentured Child Labor
Better Trade Tool
What Are Workers' Rights?
Mission & Offices
Careers at ILAB
ILAB Diversity and Inclusion Statement
Against Their Will: The Situation in Xinjiang
The People's Republic of China has arbitrarily detained more than one million Uyghurs and other mostly Muslim minorities in China's far western Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. (1) It is estimated that 100,000 Uyghurs and other ethnic minority ex-detainees in China may be working in conditions of forced labor following detention in re-education camps. (2) Many more rural poor workers also may experience coercion without detention. (3; 4) China has been included on the List of Goods Produced by Child Labor of Forced Labor (TVPRA List) since 2009. In 2020, the Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) added five goods produced by forced labor by Muslim minorities in China to the 2020 edition of the TVPRA List. These goods include gloves, hair products, textiles, thread/yarn, and tomato products. In 2021, ILAB added an additional good, Polysilicon, produced by forced labor by Muslim minorities in China.
The production of these goods through forced labor takes place primarily in Xinjiang. (5) While previous research has focused on goods and products produced in Xinjiang, recent external reports indicate that Uyghurs also have been transported to work in other provinces in China, increasing the number of goods potentially made with forced labor and broadening the risk of forced labor in supply chains. (5; 3) Other minorities may be forced to work under the guise of "poverty alleviation" without having been detained. (6) Moreover, the government gives subsidies to companies moving to Xinjiang or employing Muslim minority workers. (2) These practices exacerbate a demand for members of Muslim ethnic minority groups that the government wants placed in work assignments where they can be controlled and watched, as well as receive Mandarin Chinese training and undergo political indoctrination. (2) Once at a work placement, workers are usually subjected to constant surveillance and isolation. Given the vast surveillance state in Xinjiang and the threat of detention, individuals have little choice but to face the difficult situations present in these work assignments. (3)
The Department of Labor's (DOL) research utilized published victims' testimonies, and media and think tank reports, to determine the various industries implicated in this system of forced labor. Given the vast state-sponsored structure in place and the control of information, it is likely that more goods also are produced with forced labor in China. (7) In July 2020, the U.S. Departments of State, Treasury, Commerce, and Homeland Security released an advisory for businesses with potential ties to Xinjiang. This business advisory, as well as the TVPRA List and ILAB's Comply Chain due diligence tool for businesses, are practical guides for raising awareness and addressing this issue. Companies with supply chains that link to China, including, but not limited to, Xinjiang, should conduct due diligence to ensure that suppliers are not engaging in forced labor. With such severe and well-documented, widespread abuses, it is important that the world remains vigilant with respect to labor and goods linked to Xinjiang, including reasonable measures to guard against complicity in these violations.
Two Stories, One Goal: Repression
The People's Republic of China officially recognizes 55 ethnic groups in addition to the Han majority. Uyghurs are one of those groups. Along with other mostly Muslim minorities in China, Uyghurs confront abuse and discrimination in places like Xinjiang and elsewhere in the country.
Uyghurs detained in camps and forced to labor in factories must endure dreadful conditions. In one internment camp in Kashgar, Xinjiang, Uyghur detainees work as forced laborers to produce textiles. They receive little pay, are not allowed to leave, and have limited or no communication with family members. If family communication and visits are allowed, they are heavily monitored or cut short. When not working, the Uyghur workers must learn Mandarin and undergo ideological indoctrination. However, these abuses are not just limited to Xinjiang.
Beyond Xinjiang, in the coastal Chinese province of Fujian, Uyghur workers at a factory in Quanzhou face similar abuses. Uyghur workers are made to live in separate dormitories from Han workers. These dormitories are surrounded by an iron gate and security cameras. When finished for the day, often working more hours than their Han co-workers, the Uyghur workers are escorted back to their dormitories by provincial police officers from Xinjiang – not Fujian. The local police say the roll call is to ensure no one is missing. Uyghur workers at this factory are not allowed to exercise their free will to leave. Even if they could leave, they would not get far, as local police have confiscated their identification materials.
Sadly, these two stories fail to capture the individual struggles of the more than one million Uyghurs and other mostly Muslim minorities arbitrarily detained in the far western region of Xinjiang and across China. These two stories are just a snapshot of the vast scale of abuse and serve as a notice for the world to ask questions, take action, and demand change.
China – Gloves – Forced Labor
There are reports of glove factories forcibly training and employing 1,500 to 2,000 ethnic minority adult workers with the government's support. Victim testimonies, news media, and think tanks report that factories, including for gloves, frequently engage in coercive recruitment; limit workers' freedom of movement and communication; and subject workers to constant surveillance, retribution for religious beliefs, exclusion from community and social life, and isolation. Further, reports indicate little pay, mandatory Mandarin lessons, ideological indoctrination, and poor living conditions. In some instances, workers have been reported to be subject to torture. More broadly, according to varied estimates, at least 100,000 to hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps. In addition to this, poor workers in rural areas may also experience coercion without detention. Workers are either placed at factories within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, where the camps are located, or transferred out of Xinjiang to factories in eastern China.
Associated Press. Rights Group: Lacoste Gloves Made in Chinese Internment Camp. March 3, 2020.
Australian Strategic Policy Institute. Uyghurs for Sale. March 1, 2020.
Center for Strategic and International Studies. Connecting the Dots in Xinjiang: Forced Labor, Forced Assimilation, and Western Supply Chains. October 16, 2019.
Congressional-Executive Commission on China. Global Supply Chains, Forced Labor, and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. March 2020.
SupChina. How Companies Profit From Forced Labor in Xinjiang. September 4, 2019.
U.S. Departments of State, Treasury, Commerce, and Homeland Security. Xinjiang Supply Chain Business Advisory. July 1, 2020.
VanderKlippe, Nathan. 'I Felt Like a Slave': Inside China's Complex System of Incarceration and Control of Minorities. The Globe and Mail, March 31, 2019.
Zenz, Adrian. Beyond the Camps: Beijing's Long-Term Scheme of Coercive Labor, Poverty Alleviation and Social Control in Xinjiang. Journal of Political Risk 7, No. 12. December 2019.
Zenz, Adrian. Xinjiang's New Slavery. Foreign Policy, December 11, 2019.
China – Hair Products – Forced Labor
There are reports that thousands of adult ethnic minority workers are forcibly employed in factories producing hair products such as wigs. China produces more than 80 percent of the global market's products made from hair and is the world's largest exporter of these products. Victim testimonies, news media, and think tanks report that factories, including for hair products, frequently engage in coercive recruitment; limit workers' freedom of movement and communication; and subject workers to constant surveillance, retribution for religious beliefs, exclusion from community and social life, and isolation. Further, workers in these factories can be subject to regular government propaganda, extremely long hours, and little to no pay. More broadly, according to varied estimates, at least 100,000 to hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps. In addition to this, poor workers in rural areas may also experience coercion without detention. Workers can be placed at factories within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, where the camps are located, or be transferred out of Xinjiang to factories in eastern China.
Bagdonas, Juozapas. Tracking Down the Fruits of Xinjiang's Forced Labor Industry. The Diplomat, November 16, 2019.
Qingqing, Chen. Industries Drive Hotan Development. Global Times, July 30, 2019.
Radio Free Asia. Hair Product Industry Linked to Uyghur Forced Labor Booming in Xinjiang's Lop County. May 28, 2020.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection. CBP Issues Detention Order on Hair Products Manufactured with Forced Labor in China. May 1, 2020.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection. CBP Issues Detention Order on Hair Products Manufactured with Forced Labor in China. June 17, 2020.
Zenz, Adrian. Xinjiang's New Slavery. Foreign Policy, December 11, 2019.
China – Polysilicon – Forced Labor
There are reports that adults are forced to produce polysilicon for solar panels in China. According to estimates, over one hundred thousand Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps, in addition to workers who may also experience coercion without detention. Workers, often from poor rural areas, have been placed at factories in industrial areas within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, where the camps are located, or have been transferred out of Xinjiang to factories in other parts of China. China is the world's largest producer of solar-grade polysilicon, and over 50 percent of the country's production takes place in Xinjiang. Researchers note that Xinjiang is undergoing an expansion of the energy sector, including solar energy and polysilicon, and thousands of Uyghur workers have reportedly been transferred to work sites over the last five years. The polysilicon manufacturers work with the Chinese government to make use of ethnic minority groups for exploitative labor, often receiving financial incentives. Victim testimonies, news media, and think tanks report that factories frequently engage in coercive recruitment; limit workers' freedom of movement and communication; subject workers to constant surveillance, religious retribution, physical violence, exclusion from community and social life; and threaten family members.
Australian Strategic Policy Institute. Uyghurs for Sale. March 1, 2020. https://www.aspi.org.au/report/uyghurs-sale.
Bloomberg. Secrecy and Abuse Claims Haunt China's Solar Factories in Xinjiang. April 13, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2021-xinjiang-solar/.
Bloomberg. Why It's So Hard for the Solar Industry to Quit Xinjiang. February 10, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-10/why-it-s-so-hard-for-the-solar-industry-to-quit-xinjiang.
Center for Strategic and International Studies. Connecting the Dots in Xinjiang. October 2020. https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/publication/Lehr_ConnectingDotsXinjiang_interior_v3_FULL_WEB.pdf.
Center for Strategic and International Studies. Addressing Forced Labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. July 2020. https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/publication/200730_Lehr_XinjiangUyghurForcedLabor_brief_FINAL_v2.pdf.
CNN. Solar panels are key to Biden's energy plan. But the global supply chain may rely on forced labor from China. May 14, 2021. https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/14/energy/china-solar-panels-uyghur-forced-labor-dst-intl-hnk/index.html.
Congressional-Executive Commission on China. Annual Report. December 2020. https://www.cecc.gov/sites/chinacommission.house.gov/files/2020%20ANNUAL%20REPORT%20FINAL%201223.pdf.
Congressional-Executive Commission on China. Global Supply Chains, Forced Labor, and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. March 2020. https://www.cecc.gov/sites/chinacommission.house.gov/files/documents/CECC%20Staff%20Report%20March%202020%20-%20Global%20Supply%20Chains%2C%20Forced%20Labor%2C%20and%20the%20Xinjiang%20Uyghur%20Autonomous%20Region.pdf.
Council of Economic Advisors. Economic Impact of Polysilicon WRO memo for NSC. 2020. Source on file.
The New York Times. Chinese Solar Companies Tied to Use of Forced Labor. January 8, 2021. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/08/business/economy/china-solar-companies-forced-labor-xinjiang.html.
Politico Europe. Fears over China's Muslim forced labor loom over EU solar power. February 10, 2021. https://www.politico.eu/article/xinjiang-china-polysilicon-solar-energy-europe/.
PV Magazine International. Xinjiang Sanctions and the PV Supply Chain. January 26, 2021. https://www.pv-magazine.com/2021/01/26/xinjiang-sanctions-and-the-pv-supply-chain/.
S&P Global. Human rights allegations in Xinjiang could jeopardize solar supply chain. October 21, 2020. https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/human-rights-allegations-in-xinjiang-could-jeopardize-solar-supply-chain-60829945.
Sheffield Hallam University. In Broad Daylight: Uyghur Forced Labour and Global Solar Supply Chains. May 2021. https://www.shu.ac.uk/helena-kennedy-centre-international-justice/research-and-projects/all-projects/in-broad-daylight.
Solar Builder Magazine. How to ensure your solar components weren't sourced from Xinjiang or involved forced labor. February 3, 2021. https://solarbuildermag.com/news/how-to-ensure-your-solar-components-werent-sourced-from-xinjiang-or-involved-forced-labor/.
The Energy Daily. U.S. may boost Chinese solar tariffs over labor issue. 2021. Source on file.
U.S. Embassy Beijing. Reporting. March 12, 2021. Source on file.
U.S. Embassy Beijing. Reporting. May 11, 2021. Source on file.
The Jamestown Foundation. Coercive Labor and Forced Displacement in Xinjiang's Cross-Regional Labor Transfer Program. March 2021. https://jamestown.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Coercive-Labor-and-Forced-Displacement-in-Xinjiangs-Cross-Regional-Labor-Transfers-A-Process-Oriented-Evaluation.pdf?x75295.
China – Textiles – Forced Labor
According to think tank and media reports, the textile industry works with the Government of China to make use of adult ethnic minority groups for forced, exploitative labor. Researchers note that Xinjiang is undergoing an expansion of the textile industry, and it is possible that hundreds of thousands of workers are being subjected to forced labor as part of this effort. Victim testimonies, news media, and think tanks report that factories, including for textiles, frequently engage in coercive recruitment; limit workers' freedom of movement and communication; and subject workers to constant surveillance, retribution for religious beliefs, exclusion from community and social life, and threaten family members. Further, some workers have been subject to military-style management, government indoctrination, and are paid below the minimum wage. There are reports that adults are forced to produce textiles in China. More broadly, according to varied estimates, at least 100,000 to hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps. In addition to this, poor workers in rural areas may also experience coercion without detention. Workers can be placed at factories within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, where the camps are located, or be transferred out of Xinjiang to factories in eastern China.
Buckley, Chris, & Ramzy, Austin. China's Detention Camps for Muslims Turn to Forced Labor. The New York Times, December 16, 2018.
Feng, Emily. Forced labour being used in China's 're-education' camps. Financial Times, December 15, 2018.
NPR. 'Illegal Superstition': China Jails Muslims for Practicing Islam, Relatives Say. October 8, 2019.
China – Thread/Yarn – Forced Labor
Reports indicate that more than 2,000 adult Uyghur and ethnic Kazakh workers have been involuntarily transferred out of Xinjiang to yarn factories in the east and forced to produce thread/yarn products. It also is likely that many others are subjected to forced labor at yarn factories within Xinjiang, particularly for cotton yarns. Victim testimonies, news media, and think tanks report that factories, including for thread/yarn, frequently engage in coercive recruitment; limit workers' freedom of movement and communication; and subject workers to constant surveillance, retribution for religious beliefs, exclusion from community and social life, and threaten family members. Further, workers may undergo re-education to eradicate "extremism." More broadly, according to varied estimates, at least 100,000 to hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps. In addition to this, poor workers in rural areas may also experience coercion without detention. Workers can be placed at factories within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, where the camps are located, or be transferred out of Xinjiang to factories in eastern China.
Dou, Eva, & Deng, Chao. Western Companies Get Tangled in China's Muslim Clampdown. The Wall Street Journal, May 16, 2019.
China – Tomato Products – Forced Labor
There are reports that adults are forced to produce tomato products in China. Xinjiang is a major producer of tomato products, especially tomato paste. Victim testimonies, news media, and think tanks report that factories, including for tomato products, frequently engage in coercive recruitment; limit workers' freedom of movement and communication; and subject workers to constant surveillance, retribution for religious beliefs, exclusion from community and social life, and isolation. More broadly, according to varied estimates, at least 100,000 to hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps. In addition to this, poor workers in rural areas may also experience coercion without detention.
Malet, Jean-Baptiste. China's Tomato Paste Colonialism. Le Monde Diplomatique. June 2017.
China – Fish – Forced Labor
There are reports that adults are forced to work in the production of fish on China's distant-water fishing fleet. China's fleet is the largest in the world, with an estimated 3,000 fishing vessels, and contains a wide variety of vessels, from longliners to purse seiners, operating on the high seas and in foreign countries' exclusive economic zones in every region of the world. The majority of the crew on board are migrant workers from Indonesia and the Philippines, who are particularly vulnerable to forced labor. It is estimated that there are tens of thousands of workers who are sometimes recruited by agencies that deceive workers with false information regarding their wages and the terms of the contracts, and require the workers to pay recruitment fees and sign debt contracts. According to various sources, numerous incidents of forced labor have been reported on Chinese fishing vessels. While on board the vessels, workers' identity documents are often confiscated, the crew spends months at sea without stopping at a port of call, and they are forced to work 18 to 22 hours a day with little rest. Workers face hunger and dehydration, live in degrading and unhygienic conditions, are subjected to physical violence and verbal abuse, are prevented from leaving the vessel or ending their contracts, and are frequently not paid their promised wages.
C4ADS. Fishing Vessels Associated With Forced Labor. June 22, 2020. Source on file.
Greenpeace USA. Seabound: Journey to Modern Slavery on the High Seas. December 2019.
Human Rights at Sea. Interview with Dr. Pengfei Zhang – Chinese Seafarers: An Invisible Group. February 10, 2017.
International Organization for Migration. Report on Human Trafficking, Forced Labour and Fisheries Crime in the Indonesian Fishing Industry. 2016.
Radio Free Asia. Indonesia Launches Probe After 2 Men Jump Off Chinese Fishing Boat. June 10, 2020.
Science Advances. The Economics of Fishing the High Seas. June 6, 2018.
South China Morning Post. Indonesian fishermen who died on Chinese boats faced abuse, 21-hour days, interviews reveal. May 12, 2020.
Stimson Center. Casting a Wider Net: The Security Implications of Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing. February 1, 2018.
Stimson Center. Shining a Light: The Need for Transparency Across Distant Water Fishing. November 1, 2019.
U.S. Department of State. Trafficking in Persons Report: China. June 2019.
U.S. Department of State. 2019 Report on International Religious Freedom: China (Includes Tibet, Xinjiang, Hong Kong, and Macau). 2019.
Zenz, Adrian. Beyond the Camps: Beijing's Long-Term Scheme of Coercive Labor, Poverty Alleviation and Social Control in Xinjiang. Journal of Political Risk. December 2019. Vols. 7, No. 12.
NPR. 'Illegal Superstition': China Jails Muslims for Practicing Islam, Relatives Say. October 8, 2019.
Zenz, Adrian. Xinjiang's New Slavery. December 11, 2019.
Goods Produced by Forced Labor
Country/Area
Total Number of Goods Produced by Forced Labor
Good(s)
Artificial Flowers, Bricks, Christmas Decorations, Coal, Cotton, Electronics, Fireworks, Fish*, Footwear, Garments, Gloves*†, Hair Products*†, Nails, Polysilicon**†, Textiles*†, Thread/Yarn*†, Tomato Products*†, Toys
Bamboo, Beans (green, soy, yellow), Bricks, Jade, Palm Thatch, Rice, Rubber, Rubies, Sesame, Shrimp, Sugarcane, Sunflowers, Teak
Bricks, Carpets, Cottonseed (hybrid), Embellished Textiles, Garments, Rice, Sandstone*, Stones
Bricks, Cement, Coal, Gold, Iron, Textiles, Timber
Cattle, Charcoal, Coffee*, Garments, Sugarcane, Timber
Bricks, Carpets, Coal, Cotton, Sugarcane, Wheat
Brazil Nuts/Chestnuts, Cattle, Corn, Peanuts, Sugarcane
Gold, Tantalum Ore (coltan), Tin Ore (cassiterite), Tungsten Ore (wolframite)
Electronics, Garments, Oil (palm), Rubber Gloves*
Bricks, Carpets, Embellished Textiles, Stones
Cocoa, Granite, Gravel (crushed stones)
Brazil Nuts/Chestnuts, Gold, Timber
Bricks, Pornography, Timber
Fish, Garments, Shrimp
Cotton, Gold
Cocoa, Coffee
Fish, Tilapia (fish)
Fish, Oil (palm)*
Chile Peppers, Tomatoes
Cotton, Silk Cocoons
Bricks*
Coca (stimulant plant)
Textiles (hand-woven)
Fish*
Gold*
*=Additions to the List in 2020
**=Additions to the List in 2021
†=Goods from China produced by forced labor by Muslim minorities, including Uyghurs
ILAB Home


Match the colourful pictures and find pairs of cards with the opposite words.
A fun way to learn about the world while building vocabulary, Find the Opposite is a fun card game that's easy to play. To find an opposite, take a look at the words on the cards, and look closely at the pictures to give you clues. It's even more fun to act them out!
We have a great range of story books for boosting early reading skills.


text:
Khansider this!
Priority Legislation
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I want to hear from my constituents!
To find out if you are a constituent of Representative Khan's, please click here.
Please feel free to fill out the form below and send me any comments, questions or concerns. Either I or a member of my team will get back to you as soon as possible.
Please note that Team Khan will be working remotely at this time.
The Massachusetts State House is currently closed to the public.
As the situation surrounding this infectious disease continues to evolve, the State House remains closed to the general public until further notice. Despite the closure, we remain operational in a remote capacity. I am here to help.
Should you need any assistance, have questions or would like to comment on the Massachusetts' response to the pandemic, please do not hesitate to reach out to me at
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While the State House is closed, my staff and I are working virtually, regularly check our office voicemails, and are happy to help. If you planned to visit my office as part of a scheduled meeting or as part of a planned advocacy day, we will contact you to set up a conference call in lieu of the meeting or reschedule the meeting for a later date.
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Work for a growing Dynamics NAV Partner in the UK, has been in the market over 15 years and you will be supporting Clients with several Dynamics NAV versions – (2009 – 2018 - BC), you will have backup from a team of Developers and Functional Consultants.
* Understanding the customers' needs and applying product knowledge to meet those needs.
* Provide NAV skills to support new and existing business.
* Keep up to date with all the latest version of Dynamics NAV.
* Delivery of training sessions.
* Any accreditations would be great.
* Logical and analytical thinking.
* Knowledge of C/Side, C/AL, NAS and SQL would be highly advantageous.
* Experience in a Dynamics NAV support role.


There is no place on earth as intriguing to big game hunters as the "Dark Continent" of Africa. The depth of Africa is so vast, with such a variety of game species, it is indeed difficult to explain without a first hand look at this sportsman's paradise. This is a destination that every big game hunter should consider.
The majority of Africa's big game safaris are taken in quest of the many species of plains game animals, while a few more aspiring hunters go in search of what has become known as the "big five", the dangerous game of Africa. Hunting any of the "big five" species is truly a unique experience and one that any sportsman will not soon forget as there is always the element of danger and suspense while in pursuit of these awesome game animals.
The "big five" of African dangerous game animals include leopard hunting and lion hunt, cape buffalo hunting and elephant hunt and rhinoceros. Four out of the five species still offer harvestable populations, while the Rhinoceros may be taken on green hunts with darts, measured and returned to the wild to perpetuate the now flourishing rhino population.
We offer dangerous game hunts in several African countries with a professional hunter who has guided clients to countless trophies for over thirty years. All "big five" dangerous game hunts may be combined with plains game to make it your African safari life long memory. There is always one comment that sportsman make when returning from an African safari, "If you haven't experienced it, you certainly need to...and I'm going again."
Give us a call for all the details on this great African pursuit.
For more information or to reserve an African safari, contact us via e-mail or call us 1-800-487-0045.


text:
Omo-Agege greets Dafinone at 59
Our Reporter
Deputy Senate President Ovie Omo-Agege has hailed Olorogun Ede Dafinone, who clocks 59 on Sunday, stating he has kept alive the remarkable legacies of his father, Late Senator David Dafinone.
In a congratulatory message, Senator Omo-Agege, who is the Leader of the APC in the South-South, emphasised children and followers who sustain inherited legacies contribute significantly to building not only a family name but a great nation and humanity.
In a statement by his Special Adviser on Media and Publicity, Yomi Odunuga, Omo-Agege said: "Today as he celebrates his 59th birthday, I want to join his countless well-wishers in wishing Olorogun Ede Dafinone many more fulfilling years ahead.
"Proving himself to be an excellent son of a great father is no mean feat. His great father, Senator David Dafinone was an accomplished accountant, politician, with many positive sides that still mean a lot to many of us.
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"Senator Dafinone is one of those whose accomplishments and exemplary life positively touched the lives of many people in the society and I must say that only a few of such persons have inspired the pro-development and pro-people cause that the APC-led Federal Government is championing today.
READ ALSO: Omo-Agege preaches peace at Easter
"The Dafinone family is in the Guinness Book of Records for having the highest number of a nuclear family as members of the world's leading professional body of chartered accountants as Ede's father, himself and his four siblings have all been members of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW).
"Olorogun Ede Dafinone, now a Fellow of ICAEW, inherited the very big shoes of a world-acclaimed chartered accountant but in his various formal and voluntary undertakings, he has kept a great name alive.
"I wish Olorogun Ede Dafinone more success and many more fulfilling years ahead."
PHOTOS: Boko Haram kills seven, displaces 5,000 in Adamawa
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text:
Q: How do I 'miragte' GoogleApiClient to Android Studio? So, today I recently downloaded the latest version of Android Studio and when I created a login activity page (my very first activity created :D), I got this weird gradle build error saying
"Cannot resolve symbol GooglePlayServicesClient"
"Cannot resolve symbol PlusClient"
So I did some research and it has come to me that these packages are not supported anymore and after doing some further research I came upon this notice below
Note: If you have an existing app that connects to Google Play services with a subclass of GooglePlayServicesClient, you should migrate to GoogleApiClient as soon as possible
Now, my question is this and sorry if this sounds very stupid, but please understand that I am still a total amateur at this. Back to the point, my question is how do I migrate to GoogleApiClient?
What am I supposed to replace
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesClient;
import com.google.android.gms.plus.PlusClient;
with?
I have been suggested to change the version of my google play services to a lower version, but I want to stay on the latest version.
EDIT:
Why am I getting down voted so fast? Is my question too stupid or something?

A: try to put this into your app gradle dependencies
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:6.1.71'

then Sync-Clean-Rebuild project.
To update and apply changes.
Check this link

A: You should follow the Google+ Platform for Android documentation, which goes through all of the available APIs. The Getting started guide goes through creating a connection using GoogleApiClient and Plus.API, the replacement for PlusClient.

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text: Git Repository for Week 8 Lecture on Classes in Processing

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From around the beginning of the twentieth century, scientists have been gathering evidence about the structure of atoms and fitting the information into a model of the atomic structure.
The discovery of the electron as the first subatomic particle is credited to J. J. Thomson (England, 1897). He used an evacuated tube connected to a spark coil as shown in Figure 3. As the voltage across the tube was increased, a beam became visible. This was referred to as a cathode ray. Thomson found that the beam was deflected by both electrical and magnetic fields. Therefore, he concluded that cathode rays are made up of very small, negatively charged particles, which became known as electrons.
Further experimentation led Thomson to find the ratio of the electrical charge of the electron to its mass. This was a major step toward understanding the nature of the particle. He was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1906 for his accomplishment.
It was an American scientist, Robert Millikan, who in 1909 was able to measure the charge on an electron using the apparatus pictured in Figure 4.
Oil droplets were sprayed into the chamber and, in the process, became randomly charged by gaining or losing electrons. The electric field was adjusted so that a negatively charged drop would move slowly upward in front of the grid in the telescope. Knowing the rate at which the drop was rising, the strength of the field, and the mass of the drop, Millikan was able to calculate the charge on the drop. Combining the information with the results of Thomson, he could calculate a value for the mass of a single electron. Eventually, this number was found to be 9.11 × 10-28 gram.
Ernest Rutherford (England, 1911) performed a gold foil experiment (Figure 5) that had tremendous implications for atomic structure.
Alpha particles (helium nuclei) passed through the foil with few deflections. However, some deflections (1 per 8,000) were almost directly back toward the source. This was unex-pected and suggested an atomic model with mostly empty space between a nucleus, in which most of the mass of the atom was located and which was positively charged, and the electrons that defined the volume of the atom. After two years of studying the results, Rutherford finally came up with an explanation. He reasoned that the rebounded alpha particles must have experienced some powerful force within the atom. And he assumed this force must occupy a very small amount of space, because so few alpha particles had been deflected. He con¬cluded that the force must be a densely packed bundle of matter with a positive charge. He called this positive bundle the nucleus. He further discovered that the volume of a nucleus was very small compared with the total volume of an atom. If the nucleus were the size of a marble, then the atom would be about the size of a football field. The electrons, he suggested, surrounded the positively charged nucleus like planets around the sun, even though he could not explain their motion.
Further experiments showed that the nucleus was made up of still smaller particles called protons. Rutherford realized, however, that protons, by themselves, could not account for the entire mass of the nucleus. He predicted the existence of a new nuclear particle that would be neutral and would account for the missing mass. In 1932, James Chadwick (England) dis-covered this particle, the neutron.
In 1913, Niels Bohr (Denmark) proposed his model of the atom. This pictured the atom as having a dense, positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons in specific spher-ical orbits, also called energy levels or shells, around this nucleus. These energy levels are arranged concentrically around the nucleus, and each level is designated by a number: 1, 2, 3,.. .The closer to the nucleus, the less energy an electron needs in one of these levels, but it has to gain energy to go from one level to another that is farther away from the nucleus.
Because of its simplicity and general ability to explain chemical change, the Bohr model still has some usefulness today.
The chart below lists the basic particles of the atom and important information about them.
When these components are used in the model, the protons and neutrons are shown in the nucleus. These particles are known as nucleons. The electrons are shown outside the nucleus.
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines the atomic number. All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons and therefore the same atomic number; atoms of different elements have different atomic numbers. Thus, the atomic number identifies the element. An English scientist, Henry Moseley, first determined the atomic numbers of the elements through the use of X-rays.
The sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus is called the mass number.
Table 1 (see page 64) summarizes the relationships just discussed. Notice that the outermost energy level can contain no more than eight electrons. The explanation of this is given in the next section.
In some cases, different types of atoms of the same element have different masses. For example, three types of hydrogen atoms are known. The most common type of hydrogen, sometimes called protium, accounts for 99.985% of the hydrogen atoms found on Earth. The nucleus of a protium atom contains one proton only, and it has one electron moving about it. The second form of hydrogen, known as deuterium, accounts for 0.015% of Earth's hydrogen atoms. Each deuterium atom has a nucleus containing one proton and one neutron. The third form of hydrogen, tritium, is radioactive. It exists in very small amounts in nature, but it can be prepared artificially. Each tritium atom contains one proton, two neutrons, and on - electron.
Protium, deuterium, and tritium are isotopes of hydrogen. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different masses. The isotopes of a particular element all have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons. In all three isotopes of hydrogen, the positive charge of the single proton is balanced by the negative charge of the electron. Most elements consist of mixtures of isotopes. Tin, for example, has ten stable isotopes, the most of any element.
The percentage of each isotope in the naturally occurring element on Earth is nearly always the same, no matter where the element is found. The percentage at which each of an element's isotopes occurs in nature is taken into account when calculating the element's average atomic mass. Average atomic mass is the weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element.
The average atomic mass of an element depends on both the mass and the relative abundance of each of the element's isotopes. For example, naturally occurring copper consists of 69.17% copper-63, which has an atomic mass of 62.919 598 amu, and 30.83% copper-65, which has an atomic mass of 64.927 793 amu. The average atomic mass of copper can be calculated by multiplying the atomic mass of each isotope by its relative abundance (expressed in decimal form) and adding the results.
Therefore, the calculated average atomic mass of naturally occurring copper is 63.55 amu. Average atomic masses of the elements listed in the Periodic Table, rounded to one decimal place for use in calculations and also in full to four decimal places, are given in the Chemical Elements table in the Tables for Reference section at the back of the book.
Each atom attempts to have its outer energy level complete and accomplishes this by borrowing, lending, or sharing its electrons. The electrons found in the outermost energy level are called valence electrons. The remainder of the electrons are called core electrons. The absolute number of electrons gained, lost, or borrowed is referred to as the valence of the atom.
This picture can be simplified to •Cl:, showing only the valence electrons as dots in an electron dot notation. This is called the Lewis structure of the atom. To complete its outer orbit to eight electrons, chlorine must borrow an electron from another atom. Its valence number then is 1. As stated above, when electrons are gained, we assign a - sign to this number, so the oxidation number of chlorine is -1 (more on pages 75 and 76).
Since sodium tends to lose this electron, its oxidation number is +1.


The knole settee or sofa was first made in the 17th century but was originally made as a formal throne where a monarch would sit to receive visitors. The seat is usually deep, with arms the same height as the back which are held up with heavy tassel ties onto wooden finials. Tassel braid was often attached to the bottom to show how expensive these settees where. Only the very rich could afford furniture in the 17th century, and upholstered furniture was quite often a thing a beauty to show off. Upholstered in colourful silks, the craftsmen who made these pieces were highly skilled and in demand. Fast forward 350 years or more and the knole sofa and variations of the knole are still made by quite a few companies today. Our version is copied from an 1920's knole which isn't as big as many but can be made to size. They are very comfortable and can sometimes be easier to get into smaller rooms as the arms detach and can be fitted in situ. If you would like to discuss a knole sofa, please do get in touch.


We have our own personal training and class studio in Suffolk Park, Byron Bay. Please contact us if you would like to organise sessions for you and/or your group whilst visiting Byron Bay. For information on our style of fitness training (in Byron Bay and on our retreats), please see below.
Mostly all of the training we do is "functional", meaning we combine a variety of movement patterns using different types of equipment or body weight to improve our overall day to day strength, cardio fitness and mobility. Typically we use kettlebells, free-weights, racks, cables, resistance bands, TRX straps, Medicine balls, sandbags and of course our bodies! Our training sessions are challenging, however there is lots of encouragement and we try not to take ourselves too seriously despite the fact that we may all be working very hard! In everything we do, our goal is for you to learn, go outside of your comfort zone and improve, whilst having fun. So be prepared to sweat and have a few laughs along the way.
All our packages include classes and group training, with some packages including personal training (we will match a personal trainer based on your goals from one of the areas below). Training can take place indoors at our fully equipped facility and outdoors (on the beach or park).
Some of our holiday participants are personal trainers, athletes and coaches, seeking a challenge or ways of enhancing their fitness repertoire. Examples include surfers, marathon runners, rugby or football players. Other participants are fitness enthusiasts looking to maintain and freshen up their fitness routine while on holiday (or even kick start it). Others are couples, families or groups who want to do something fun and positive together as a team.
We also do more personalised programs for individuals or athletes that have specific injuries or want to enhance performance, range and power for a specific sport.
HIIT Training (High Intensity Interval Training). Typically circuit style combining cardio and weights, using a range of equipment such as air-bikes, rowers, treadmills, kettlebells, ViPR, TRX, free-weights, sandbags, cables, resistance bands, battle ropes etc.
We specialise in human performance, educating and inspiring other personal trainers, coaches and fitness enthusiasts alike. We are based in the iconic Byron Bay, have our own personal training studio (Mana Fitness and Nutrition), close to the beach, and offer a huge selection of training modalities to cater to our client's needs. We thrive on group/team situations, however we can also cater to individuals, novices, enthusiasts, or those recovering from injury seeking to strengthen/recover going forward.
Having many talented trainers, each with their own specialist skill, you're guaranteed to find your niche, along with the opportunity to discover something new. Our team consists of fully qualified and experienced coaches, who love what they do and support their local community. When travelling to international destinations, we always try to immerse ourselves in the local culture and give back.
Our head trainer is Joe Robinson, Director of Mana Fitness and Nutrition in Byron Bay. With over fifteen years experience in the fitness industry and an ex professional athlete, Joe has an unparalleled passion for his craft. Joe creates a fitness family-like culture, and has trained people all over the globe. All of his trainers have been trained by him and work in his studio on a daily basis, ensuring the highest standard and level of experience.
In everything that we do, our aim is to help our clients achieve their goals by providing a fun, challenging and supportive environment.


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Afghanistan: the culmination of the Bonn process
Tim Youngs
Afghanistan: the culmination of the Bonn process. House of Commons Library Research Paper 05/72.
Afghanistan: the culmination of the Bonn process (641 KB , PDF)
Download full report Download 'Afghanistan: the culmination of the Bonn process' report (641 KB , PDF)
UK immigration routes for Afghan nationals
Many Members of Parliament are dealing with a lot of enquiries from constituents asking how relatives or friends in Afghanistan might be able to come to the UK and there is considerable interest in the effectiveness of the bespoke resettlement and relocation schemes for Afghan nationals.
International Day of Education 2023
A Westminster Hall debate on the International Day of Education is scheduled for Thursday 26 January 2023, from 1.30pm to 3.00pm. The debate will be led by Vicky Ford MP.
Closure of the Lachin Corridor and the humanitarian situation in Nagorno-Karabakh
A Westminster Hall debate on the closure of the Lachin Corridor and the humanitarian situation in Nagorno-Karabakh is scheduled for Tuesday 24 January 2023, from 2:30-4:00pm. The debate will be led by Tim Loughton MP.


Union Square Main Streets (USMS) is an established nonprofit organization that works collaboratively to actively support a vibrant neighborhood by preserving the character and advancing the economic strength of the Union Square business district and community.
This is a particularly exciting time to work with USMS. The City of Somerville is partnering with residents, businesses, and property owners to shape the Square's future in a way that will preserve the unique character of the Square while taking advantage of new and emerging industries, increasing demand for housing, and the arrival of the Green line. USMS works closely with everyone involved in these planning efforts.
USMS is focused particularly on partnering with local businesses to help respond to these changes and to expand their customer base and revenue. USMS also works with businesses on various promotions and events to attract nearby workers, neighbors, and visitors to shop and spend time in the Square.
A USMS Intern plays an integral and multi-faceted role in USMS's work. This internship grants the opportunity to expand your knowledge and gain skills related to urban, strategic, and community planning; placemaking logistics, promotion, and evaluation; small business development; and communications, marketing, and social media outreach. Eligible for credit, this position offers a $500 stipend, and requires 15-20 flexible hours per week from early February-May.
Please send a letter or video of interest, resume, and 3 references to usms@unionsquaremain.org by Friday, February 1. Interviews will be conducted the week of February 4, and the internship will commence the week of February 11.


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Interstate Rest Areas TX to FL – Not Just Any Pit Stop!
Posted on March 16, 2015 by Roads Less Traveled
We spent the last few days zipping along the interstates from Texas to Florida, and one of the biggest surprises has been the impressive rest areas in these states. These aren't just ordinary pit stops with yucky old bathrooms. These are scenic parks with entertainment for all ages!
We first took notice of these incredible motorist havens at the Navarro Rest Area on I-45 in Texas. The building was very stately, and the history exhibits inside were worthy of a museum. Heck, even the bathrooms were elegantly decorated with really nice tile!
Navarro Rest Area building on I-45 in Texas
Outside there was a fantastic playground for kids that would make any community or school jealous. Further south on I-45, the Walker County Rest Area had an equally impressive playground (gotta give those kids a REST!). Inside, the history exhibits told the whole history of Texas.
Mom and dad can relax after driving while the kids burn off some energy.
Go inside a rest area building and find — a museum exhibit featuring Sam Houston!
Behind the grand rest area building there was a beautiful pond!
A pretty pond…at a rest area?!
Texas isn't the only state with impressive rest areas. Driving east on I-10, an early morning stop at the Vinton rest area in Louisiana proved to be a fabulous opportunity for taking photos. It was located next to a large pond, and morning mist hovered in the air like a thick blanket.
Morning mist rises at the Vinton Rest Area in Louisiana.
A local fisherman suddenly showed up and began casting his line. Who knew a freeway rest area could double as a local fishing hole?!
Locals come to this rest area to fish!
Louisiana is the beginning of alligator country for eastbound travelers. When we saw a warning sign at this rest area, we knew we had left the west far behind!
Beware of alligators!
What a surprise it was later to find that this rest areas (which is technically a "Welcome Center") has reviews on TripAdvisor!!
When we arrived in Mississippi we stopped at their first rest area and were given an incredibly warm southern welcome. I was offered a cup of coffee by some very lovely ladies at least five times! Outside, the flowering trees were in glorious bloom.
Mississippi Rest Area and Welcome Center
Some of these rest areas make good overnight stops. Several were laid out like campgrounds with spacious individual sites for the weary, and a few had RV dump stations too. All had free wifi.
A truly restful rest area at the Mississippi Welcome Center.
This "supersizing" of rest areas seems to be spreading east from Texas, and apparently Alabama is making every effort to keep up with its neighbors. When we got to their rest area it was closed for renovation — and the project looked immense!
We finally arrived in the Sunshine State yesterday, and Florida lived up to her motto and gave us blue skies. She also lived up to her reputation as a vacation destination when we walked into the building to find a party atmosphere. We were each handed a cup of cold Florida orange juice, and we found ourselves surrounded by families with kids. All of them seemed to be headed to Disney or the beach. There were props for photo ops with astronauts and beach scenes, and there were displays and games galore.
I-10 travelers get into the vacation spirit at Florida's rest areas!
We noticed one family messing with a video display, and suddenly realized they were getting a pic of themselves overlaid on a Florida backdrop that they could email or share on Facebook right from there. It was a selfie photo station!!
We had to try it too! We chose the sand castle backdrop with the bucket of water spilling on our heads. We hit the button for the pic, and then entered our email address. Bingo — it emailed us a Florida vacation brag pic!
A Florida selfie courtesy of…an I-10 rest area!
Mark found the "Florida Recharging Station," a bright yellow beach chair to get you in the mood for sunshine and beaches.
Mark checks out the "Florida Recharging Station"
By the time we left that Florida I-10 rest area we felt like we were on vacation!
We drove straight to the beach on the Emerald Coast, past all the surf shops and spring breakers at the bars. It sure didn't take long for us to get into the swing of things on the beach, what with happy kids and grownups playing in the waves all around us, and savvy seagulls eyeing us up for snacks.
At the beach we are greeted by Florida's REAL welcoming committee!!
We kicked off our shoes, and took a walk in the pure white sand next to the crashing surf. Wow! It felt so great to be in shorts again!!
Ahhh… Florida! This is the best kind of rest area!
It was a long drive, the weather in Texas took us from freezing to dripping wet, and the terrible roads in Louisiana sent us flying (truly, the rig was airborne at one point!), but the southern hospitality at the rest areas helped us recover, and the sunrise this morning was totally worth it!!
Florida sunrise.
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Winter Driving in Texas
Our first RV road trip to Florida in 2009
6 thoughts on "Interstate Rest Areas TX to FL – Not Just Any Pit Stop!"
Sherry in MT on March 16, 2015 at 10:12 am said:
OMG that Vinton rest stop picture is postcard worthy!!! (wait does anyone do those anymore?) Who knew the rest stops were so marvelous and I'm glad you shared so that those of us that may someday travel that way find these gems as well! Sure beats the pit toilet ones I'm used to here in MT (sometimes it is nice to have your own toilet in your RV).
Roads Less Traveled on March 16, 2015 at 10:49 am said:
I think having them double as welcome centers is a great idea. Maybe they can get different funding by doing that. AZ and CA have closed some interstate rest areas, but they could take a page out of the TX/LA/MS/FL books and turn them into welcome centers!
Rose on March 17, 2015 at 7:49 am said:
Nice pics and great to see you in shorts again. Wow, you guys flew through some states just like a hurricane was chasing you or something. Oh, the good o'l days:) Love the rest stops and YES, wish CA and other states would get on the ball and upgrade their stops. I hope FL looks just like your photo on the beach when we get there in June. We have our shorts ready:) Happy trails!
Roads Less Traveled on March 17, 2015 at 8:29 am said:
Florida is proving to be everything we hoped (we've got PERFECT weather…for the moment!). It was worth flying through all those states to get here (nice to be able to go 60 mph rather than 6 on a boat!). We'll revisit those states at a later date, though… Mississippi charmed us twice in the past, and we only saw a tiny part!!
toni on March 18, 2015 at 11:21 am said:
Woohoo glad to see you made it to Florida!! We did the same trip a month earlier and we should have waited for we didn't find shorts weather until the Keys. We would be interested in learning about cheep or free camping in Florida though
Roads Less Traveled on March 19, 2015 at 4:41 pm said:
Winter is tough everywhere and so unpredictable! We got lucky and arrived on what locals said was the first really beautiful day of the season!!
A Pipe Cutter and a Flaring Tool are the only specialty tools you need to install a vent-free propane heater in your RV. For details on how to choose a heater and a step-by-step installation tutorial, see: Installing a vent-free propane heater!
Looking for a FANTASTIC holding tank product? We've used RV Digest-It (left) for years and just discovered Happy Camper which we're loving too. Both are awesome and don't harm the environment. For more RV waste system tips, see: Dirty Little Secrets from the RV Dump!


Is it time to invest in fixed assets, like equipment or real estate, to fuel your business' next stage of growth? Perhaps you need to modernize your operation? Or buy something less tangible, like a trademark? Whatever your strategy, it is possible to make sizeable asset acquisitions without tapping all of your company's resources.


Satisfy their sweet tooth with this holiday cookie tin.
• One gallon tin with handle in your choice of four festive designs: Penguins, Whimsical Snowmen, Winter Sleigh Ride, and Beautiful Ornaments.
• Comes full of large chocolate chip cookies baked to perfection and sealed in a foil bag for freshness.
• Also available with Popcorn (119578).
Size: 7"H x 6 1/2" Dia.


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Q: Do RouteControllers need to be defined in server code for iron-router@1.0.0-pre3 While attempting to migrate from Meteor 0.8.3 & IR 0.8.2 to Meteor 0.9.3.1 & IR 1.0.0-pre3 I'm running into a problem with RouteControllers.
I have the following js in the '/both' folder of the project:
Router.route('scene.index', {
    path: '/',
    controller: 'SceneController'
});

And the SceneController js in the '/client' tree:
SceneController = RouteController.extend({
    template: 'SceneView'
    ...
});

When attempting to access the route from the client, I get the following error:
Error: RouteController 'SceneController' is not defined.
    at resolve (packages/iron:router/lib/route.js:94)
    at Function.Route.findControllerConstructor (packages/iron:router/lib/route.js:116)
    at Function.Route.createController (packages/iron:router/lib/route.js:134)
    at Function.Router.createController (packages/iron:router/lib/router.js:181)
    at Function.Router.dispatch (packages/iron:router/lib/router_server.js:66)
    at Object.router (packages/iron:router/lib/router.js:15)
    at next (/Users/pward/.meteor/packages/webapp/.1.1.2.1m8ln9s++os+web.browser+web.cordova/npm/node_modules/connect/lib/proto.js:190:15)
    at Function.app.handle (/Users/pward/.meteor/packages/webapp/.1.1.2.1m8ln9s++os+web.browser+web.cordova/npm/node_modules/connect/lib/proto.js:198:3)
    at Object.fn [as handle] (/Users/pward/.meteor/packages/webapp/.1.1.2.1m8ln9s++os+web.browser+web.cordova/npm/node_modules/connect/lib/proto.js:74:14)
    at next (/Users/pward/.meteor/packages/webapp/.1.1.2.1m8ln9s++os+web.browser+web.cordova/npm/node_modules/connect/lib/proto.js:190:15)

After a little quality time with node-inspector, I've come to the conclusion that IR needs client-side RouteControllers to be visible on the server.
My route controllers currently set session variables and I'd prefer not to sprinkle Meteor.isClient around. Is this an IR bug or a known breaking change?

A:
My route controllers currently set session variables and I'd prefer
  not to sprinkle Meteor.isClient around. Is this an IR bug or a known
  breaking change?

You don't need to guard your controller code with Meteor.isClient because it's going to be executed only in the client side even if it's declared in the shared folder.
Your route definition is better written like this in iron:router@1.0.0-pre3 :
Router.route('/', {
  name: 'scene.index',
  controller: 'SceneController'
});

name/path have switched their position.
EDIT :
As far as iron:router concepts are concerned, please read this :
http://eventedmind.github.io/iron-router/#client-and-server
Having routes defined on both the client and the server is mandatory to determine what needs to be done.
Client-side, if a link to a client route is detected then we can navigate to it using the HTML5 pushState API, if a server route is detected then standard HTTP communication takes place (for example I use server routes to provide downloadable resources in my app), if the link corresponds to no known path to the router, then an error is triggered.
Server side, it's important to know about client routes to send 404 on unknown paths instead of serving the Meteor app, here is a quote about this from the official guide :

It also means that on the server, if there is no client route defined,
  we can send a 404 response to the client instead of loading up the
  Meteor application.

A: Yes, I've always placed my router.js in the shared common code, which is any folder not named server/ or client/.


Depending on your requirements, Terrabase Classic can be applied directly onto most suitable surfaces and gradients. Potentially, Terrabase Classic can be applied directly onto the ground with no or minimum digging or edging required.
A range of Terrabase Classic finishes are available, each an exact formulation of aggregates bound with specific quantities of resin. Click here for colour swatches from the Addaset, Addabound and Terrabound range.
Terrabase Classic is porous, allowing water to permeate/percolate through the surface and beyond when a suitable base build-up configured for SuDS (Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems) has been installed.


Image Title: Dining Table Natural Wood Acacia Straight Cut With Within Raw Ideas 17. Post Title: Raw Wood Dining Table. Filename: dining-table-natural-wood-acacia-straight-cut-with-within-raw-ideas-17.jpg. Image Dimension: 600 x 399 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: msdathletics. Uploaded Date: Wednesday - February 06th. 2019 16:04:29 PM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: homedit.com. Raw Wood Dining Table Design Pictures Remodel Decor And Ideas Throughout Inspirations 6. Solid Wood Dining Table Glass Inlaid Dinning Raw Slab In Prepare 15. Raw Natural Goodness 50 Live Edge Dining Tables That Wow Regarding Wood Table Plan 18. Pairing Raw Beauty With Sleek Designs Through Live Edge Tables Wood Dining Table Decor 11. Unfinished Dining Room Furniture Wood Table Inside Decorations 19 With Regard To Raw Prepare 12. Natural Live Edge Wood Dining Tables Serving The Greater Seattle Intended For Raw Table Idea 14. Contemporary Wooden Table Base Raw Steel Interior Design Inside Wood Dining Inspirations 16. Solid Wood Dining Table With Black Metal Legs Tables In Raw Decor 3 For Prepare 7. Excellent Raw Wood Dining Table Room Wingsberthouse Intended For Within Decorations 3. Dining Table Natural Wood Acacia Straight Cut With Within Raw Ideas 17.


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How to Host a Stress-free Holiday Dinner
With the holidays coming up, you might already feel stressed to impress people you haven't seen in a couple of years post-Covid. While making memories is essential during the holiday season, here are some tips to help you relax and soak in the special time spent with...
Fall Desserts Anyone Can Make
Fall is one of the most beautiful times of the year. If you want to enjoy all that fall has to offer but don't know how to do it in an easy way, this blog post might be for you! We will share four desserts that are perfect for this time of year, and anyone can...
5 of the Best Pies to Bake for Fall
The onset of fall is often the beginning of a long seasonal baking period. Pies may be one of the most traditional dishes prepared at home during the fall season. Nothing will beat the feeling of biting into a fresh-made pie after coming in from an apple picking...
Utilizing More Roasted Garlic in Your Meals
There's something about the lingering aroma of roasted garlic before eating a meal. Garlic improves numerous health conditions. From an improved immune system to heart disease protection, garlic is an herb worth adding weekly recipes. However, due to its intense...
Which Foods Should You Avoid Microwaving?
It is certainly not a surprise that microwave cooking is trendy. It is easy, quick, and reliable most of the time. That being said, while a lot of people rely on microwave cooking to reheat their tea or coffee or pop a popcorn bag, there is a substantial number of...
Healthy Food Ideas to Kickstart 2023
Appliances Every Foodie Needs
Unique Holiday Cookies to Bake
Food Festivals to Attend in 2023
Cooking With Cranberries: Tips for Newbies
© 2023 Jason Sheasby Irell & Manella


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World South Asia 27 Jun 2017 Pakistan says will continue to extend support to separatists in Kashmir
World, South Asia
Pakistan says will continue to extend support to separatists in Kashmir
In June 2012 in an interview, Salahuddin accepted that Pakistan had been backing Hizb-ul-Mujahideen for fight in Kashmir.
Pakistan's Foreign Office Spokesman, Nafees Zakaria. (Photo: ANI Twitter)
Islamabad: A day after the United States declared Hizbul Mujahideen militant Syed Salahuddin as a global terrorist, Pakistan has said it would continue to extend political, diplomatic and moral support to Kashmiri separatists for what it called their struggle for their right to self-determination and for the peaceful settlement of the Kashmir dispute as per the UN Security Council resolutions.
Pakistan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs Spokesperson Nafees Zakaria said that "the designation of individuals supporting the Kashmiri right to self-determination as terrorists is completely unjustified".
"Pakistan shall continue to extend political, diplomatic and moral support for the just struggle of the Kashmiri people for the realization of the right to self-determination and the peaceful resolution of the Jammu and Kashmir dispute in accordance with UN Security Council Resolutions," Zakaria said.
Just ahead of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and US President Donald Trump meeting on Monday, the Trump administration termed Syed Salahuddin as specially designated global terrorist
"Mohammad Yusuf Shah, AKA Syed Salahuddin, is the senior leader of the militant group Hizbul Mujahideen (HM). In September, 2016, Salahuddin vowed to block any peaceful resolution to the Kashmir conflict, threatened to train more Kashmiri suicide bombers, and vowed to turn the Kashmir valley "into a graveyard for Indian forces." Under Salahuddin's tenure as senior HM leader, HM has claimed responsibility for several attacks, including the April 2014 explosives attack in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, which injured 17 people," US Department of State said in a statement.
The new sanctions mean American citizens are generally barred from doing business with Salahuddin, and all his assets subject to US jurisdiction are blocked.
Tags: hizbul mujahideen, syed salahuddin, kashmiri separatists, nafees zakaria, trump administration
Location: Pakistan, Islamabad, Islamabad


Food was excellent, seasonal, fresh, and staff attentive. One of the best in our stay in four Dutch cities. I read some of the earlier reviews but I didn't see any staff issues. Food was well prepared and authentic, good focus on quality and taste.
It is wonderful, each time I visit this restaurant, that the chef comes to the table to present the 'catch of the day'. We started of with oysters, then coquilles and finally tuna. Each coursecwas delicious. Highly recommended!
The chef brings all available fresh fish to your table for you to chose from. Much appreciated. We started with oysters, then scallops, then tuna and sole. As dessert a pannacotta. We choose a nice Australian Pinot Noir to go with the meal. Great food, good service and a nice atmosphere! It comes with a price, which I happily paid.


The Perfect Portable Shower for Camping, RVing or Surfing.
We've all had an occasion where a portable shower would be great. Maybe it is getting out of the water after an epic surf session or it's trying to get the mud off the dogs after a trail hike. I've also had a case where the water pump in the RV went out and I really needed a shower!
There are many types available, from gravity bags to pressurized hot water tanks. These are the ones that we considered and you might be surprised who impressed us the most.
The Big Kahuna Portable Shower – it comes in 4.7, 8- and 13-gallon capacities and run $147 - $199 each. There are some things to like about the Big Kahuna, besides its name, like the durability of the product and it works as described. You do need to plug it in to get it to work via 12V plug. Also, it does have an option for hot water, but it's kind of complicated. You need to fill it with water, put the heater element in, when heated (they recommend a temperature gun to find out temp) you need to take the element out, replace with standard lid and shower. Oh, BTW, you need to keep the heating element somewhere cool so its re-sets itself. For us, this seems more like a construction site shower or maybe at a community campsite. The size of each of the units does not make it very portable or storage friendly and you're not going to mount it on a car rack.
The RISEPRO Solar Shower Bag - $18.90 The relatively simple portable shower holds 5 gallons and although their version of solar is placing the bag in the sun, it does have a temperature indicator so you know what's inside. It is gravity flow, so low pressure and it really does not hold very much so it will be a short shower. It's inexpensive and you'll get what you pay for with this one. We'd suggest a jug of water would do better. You could use the Malo'o suction cup here to hold the bag to the side of your rig.
Rinse Kit Portable Outdoor Shower - $99.99 - $150.00 – Most everyone has seen one of these at one time or another. They were really big with the surfing scene for a while to rinse your wetsuit. The low-end model of rigid plastic holds 2 gallons and will spray for us to 6 minutes. The key to the Rinse Kit is its hard-plastic center bladder. You fill it with a garden hose and that creates the pressure inside that fuels the shower spray. They also make heater and pump accessories for more pressure. The nozzle head has several settings which is nice. Although it is portable, the kit is sizable and not easily stored. We have 2 dogs, and 2 gallons is just not enough to shower them off. The Lux Soft Tote container is nice, but it still doesn't collapse. If you have the room and want a durable shower with limited capacity, Rinse Kit will work for you.
Reliance Flow Pro Portable Shower - $32.99 – It holds 2 gallons of water and has a nice cover. It just reminds me of spraying the aphids off the bushes in the backyard. You put water inside, pump the top and spray like you would your bushes. Maybe it would be a little more fun as a couple's shower, where you take turns washing each other, but for 33 bucks, it works. After showering, you can take care of those pesky pests!
The Geyser System - $220.00 – The is a brand-new solution, it's just now on Indiegogo and Kickstarter. Basically, it's a new take on the outdoor shower. They have 1 one-gallon container, that you pressurize by plugging it into a 12v outlet and then instead of a shower head, it feeds a sponge head. Water flows through the sponge/mitt as you use it, and in fact the water is now all in contact with the body and not splashing on the ground. Since it's not out yet, we have not been able to test it, but seems like it would work for a personal shower but not very good for cleaning the dogs or other gear, it's also a bit pricy!
The Road Shower 4 – $299.95 – $499.95 If you always have your vehicle with you, this might be for you. It holds 4, 7 or 10 gallons and mounts to your roof gear rack. You can fill it with your garden hose and it pressurizes like the Rinse Kit. This one might fall outside of our "portable" title, but it does go where your car goes and is designed to mount to your car rack. The largest unit holds 10 galls and has 14 minutes of pressurize water. This one screams "Van Life" to us. If you spend a lot of time traveling in your van or car and camp with your vehicle and don't have room inside, this is a good option. I know most of the Van Life community love tankless water heaters but they need to have a water supply somewhere. Maybe the Road Shower 4 is a good backup.
Nemo Helio LX Portable Pressure Shower - $149.95 - This is a 5.8 g/22-liter monster with great water pressure for 7-10-minute shower. It has a 10' hose and includes foot pump, spray nozzle and compact carrying case. When packed it is 10" x 6" and 2.4 pounds which makes it very portable. We like that it has a large opening for filling, so hoses work but also a stream or lake. Leave it in the sun and you have the "solar" feature but we think the size and ability to increase pressure with the foot pump while you are showering makes it a winner. There are a lot of knockoffs of this design on Alibaba and others in the $30-$40.00 range but don't be fooled. The seams on the knockoffs will come apart and the foot pump is usually the first to go. For portability, capacity and utility, this is pretty good.
The Surf Jug - $39.99 – Is about as simple as it gets. 2.6 gallons, fill it and then turn it upside down on yourself. It does have a neoprene cover to keep the water warm inside. Again, more in the personal shower category as I'm not sure the dogs are going to hold still for this one.
WaterPORT Day Tank - $219.96 – It's a 3.8-gallon shower with 6' hose and nozzle. It has a large filling cap so you can add ice or fill from the steam or lake or you can pressurize with garden hose. The most interesting part of this set up is how it mounts. It can mount to a trailer hitch, or car rack or even foot rails. It also lifts off so you can take it with you. So, if you want to have your shower with your vehicle most of the time, like the Road Shower 4, this is a good option, as it also unhooks and can be portable.
So, there you have it. These are our top portable showers for you to add to your cool camping gear. So, whether you are going to use this as an RV accessory or part of your fish & game set up and just want to get the salt off of you, you have some choices. Each has its value depending upon whether you need real portability and compactness or pressure and volume, one of the above will fill the job. Once your rinsed, remember your drying rack!
If you have a favorite or want us to add one, please leave comments below.


Web business has success an all-time higher globally, as main and minimal businesses are coming up with their very own web sites and looking to appeal to the Internet open public. Marketing on the internet is enormously not the same as traditional marketing since the regulations and rules of bringing in shoppers fluctuate greatly. Here is where a digital marketing agency is available in and makes certain that on the internet marketing, from introduction of websites to ensuring that they succeed in search engine results, is accessible to consumers by and large deal. Without the help of a digital marketing agency, it is really not possible for companies to enter the online market and emerge successful.
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Crofton – miasto w Stanach Zjednoczonych, w stanie Nebraska, w hrabstwie Knox.

Przypisy

Miasta w stanie Nebraska

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Heard over the CBS radio network starring Lucille Ball and Richard Denning as Liz and George Cooper. For the first 25 broadcasts the last name was Cugat before changing to Cooper.
© 1999 by Gregg Oppenheimer. All Rights Reserved.
11/27/48 #20 Is There A Baby In The House?
The Cugat's last named now changed to The Cooper's.


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BBC SEX PROBE
BBC launches investigation over claims 'radio presenter groped colleagues'
The presenter, who cannot be named for legal reasons, is said to have assaulted at least eight female BBC staff, the Daily Mail reports
By Ellie Cambridge
Updated: 28 Oct 2017, 18:16
THE BBC has launched an investigation into one of its own radio presenters over a string of sexual harassment allegations, it has been claimed.
The presenter, who cannot be named for legal reasons, is said to have assaulted at least eight female BBC staff, the Daily Mail reports.
An investigation has reportedly been launched into a BBC Radio presenter
A number of the women involved in the claims reported him to senior staff last week.
They reportedly want the radio presenter fired, as the Beeb is thought to have launched an investigation into his behaviour.
It has been reported an internal unit - made up of former police officers - is taking charge of the investigation.
He is said to have groped the women in public places with other staff around.
Paedo fury as BBC play 'mega lolz' jingle
The allegations from eight women stretch over six years, although only four have made a formal complaint.
It has been reported some of the alleged assaults took places at informal events.
A source told the Daily Mail other women were too scared to make a complaint in case their careers were harmed.
They added: "The BBC is taking it incredibly seriously, so they are trying to gather all the women involved."
The man in question is thought to have been confronted by BBC bosses, who have urged the alleged victims to go to the police.
A BBC spokeswoman said today: "We can't comment on individuals but treat any allegations seriously and have processes in place for investigating them."
PALATIAL MOVE
Harry & Meg granted offices at Buckingham Palace making royal staff 'grumpy'
We pay for your stories! Do you have a story for The Sun Online news team? Email us at tips@the-sun.co.uk or call 0207 782 4368. We pay for videos too. Click here to upload yours.


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text:
House Continues Debate on Sonogram Bill Amendments
KUT 90.5 | By Erika Aguilar, KUT News
Published March 3, 2011 at 5:18 PM CST
Photo by Ryland Barton/ KUT.
Rep. Carol Alvarado, D-Houston proposes an amendment to kill the sonogram bill.
The debate over HB 15—which would require physicians to provide a detailed description of a fetus to its would-be mother—continues to drag through the House this afternoon as Democrats put up a gaggle of amendments and arguments against the bill.
The bill is expected to be approved by the House sometime this evening.
House Democrats don't have enough votes to stop the bill and have resorted to slowing down its progress. Yesterday the bill was stymied when Democrats made a procedural objection, sending it back to committee. The bill was immediately sent back and is on the floor today.
For the second day in a row, Rep. Carol Alvarado (D-Houston) brought in the sonogram instrument (displayed above), pointing out that this device isn't the external "wand and belly jelly" sonogram that most are familiar with. Instead, the probe is inserted into the vagina.
Rep. Sid Miller (R-Stephenville), who authored the bill, says that women will be able to turn down the sonogram information.
"There is a carve out for any woman that wishes not to participate. She may choose not view the sonogram, she may choose not hear the heart beat, she may choose not to hear the description," said Miller.
But Alvarado argues that patients would feel trapped: "If she chooses not to see or hear, she is not in a position to just get up and walk away so it is not an option."
Rep. Rafael Anchia (D-Dallas) proposed an amendment to expand the definition of life-threatening emergencies that would exempt a woman from viewing the sonogram.
The language of the bill presently says that women who have a life-threatening physical condition will be exempt from the sonogram. Anchia takes issue with the bill's definition of a life-threatening physical condition as one "caused by or arising from a pregnancy itself that, as certified by a physician, places the woman in danger of death unless an abortion is performed."
Rep. Miller argues that the language addresses this issue, and says he's already checked with the experts. "The Texas Hospital Association expressed your very concern. It was their legal counsel that said this would fix the problem and asked us that we would simply make this change to alleviate the problem you just described."
But Miller and Anchia went back and forth. "It also doesn't get us there for a stage three cancer patient who is undergoing chemotherapy," Anchia says. "This language does not get there because the life threatening situation is not caused by the pregnancy."
But Miller was unconvinced by Anchia's proposal. "This amendment, in my opinion, opens it up to a lot of loopholes that I am not willing to do in the bill."
Ryland Barton contributed to reporting.
Politics2011 Legislative SessionSonogram Bill
Erika Aguilar, KUT News
See stories by Erika Aguilar, KUT News
House Committee Holds Sonogram Bill Hearing
Mario Carrillo
The House State Affairs Committee is taking invited testimony on a bill that would require women considering an abortion to receive a sonogram and have a…
House Expected to Take Up Sonogram Bill Again Today
Today the so-called "Sonogram Bill" returns to the Texas House, after being sent back to committee yesterday by Democrats. House Democrats took issue with…
Sonogram Bill Passes Senate
Ian Crawford, KUT News
The Texas Senate passed a bill this Thursday that would require doctors to perform a sonogram at least two hours before an abortion takes place.Doctors…


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Habitat for Humanity Canada, Canerector Foundation and Habitat for Humanity Vietnam have partnered to fund WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) Solutions in Van Lang
International Program Feb. 22, 2021
Globally, Habitat for Humanity Canada plays a key role in mobilizing and investing funds to Habitat program countries in an effort to serve 1.6 billion people in need of safe sheltering and living solutions.
Canerector Foundation is a private family foundation, and has been a generous supporter of Habitat for Humanity Greater Toronto Area for over 20 years. Family members of the foundation have participated in many builds and have seen the benefits of this local support for hundreds of families and numerous communities across the GTA. Seeing this impact first-hand has made them advocates and supporters of local and international initiatives to help families build strength, stability and self-reliance through better, more affordable housing.
The funding provided by Canerector Foundation through this grant will enable us to work with Habitat Vietnam to improve the living conditions and settlements for the H'Mong People in northern Vietnam.
Only 7 percent of H'Mong households have hygienic latrines, and only half of the population have access to clean water. Women are especially prone to indoor pollution due to the exposure of smoke from cooking indoors with firewood, without proper ventilation. Habitat Vietnam will enhance quality of life for vulnerable families through improved housing, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), and improved access to communal facilities and services.
We will be able to deliver WASH initiatives for 150 families and work to build and/or renovate:
20 low-cost latrines
one communal house
two communal water facilities
Habitat Canada's Global Neighbours projects strengthen the wider community. We work in partnership with communities and local Habitats around the world, to help people build better, healthier lives through holistic community development projects - from building and repairing homes, to improving access to safe water.
Funding WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) Solutions in Van Lang
Habitat for Humanity Canada, Canerector Foundation and Habitat for Humanity Vietnam have partnered to fund WASH Solutions in Van Lang, Vietnam
Global Village and the impact of COVID-19: Vietnam
In Vietnam, more than 30 Global Village builds were cancelled due to the pandemic, and as a result, 21 families from seven project sites were unable to complete the construction of their homes.


Water 36 g 20 Estimated value.
Kilocalories 518 kcal 61b Calculated value from the following factors for protein 4, fat 9, carbohydrate 4, dietary fibre 2 and alcohol 7 kcal/g, respectively.
Fat 54 g 102 Data from the industry to the Food Composition Table 2001, unspecified.
Saturated fatty acids 8 g 20 Estimated value.
C16:0 5.96 g 136 Calculated value from in-house recipe (to the Food Composition Table 2016).
C18:0 1.89 g 136 Calculated value from in-house recipe (to the Food Composition Table 2016).
Cis-mono unsaturated fatty acids 10.9 g 20 Estimated value.
C18:1 sum 12.84 g 136 Calculated value from in-house recipe (to the Food Composition Table 2016).
Cis-poly unsaturated fatty acids 30.3 g 20 Estimated value.
C18:2n-6 24.96 g 136 Calculated value from in-house recipe (to the Food Composition Table 2016).
C18:3n-3 2.69 g 136 Calculated value from in-house recipe (to the Food Composition Table 2016).
Cis-poly unsaturated fatty acids, n-3 2.81 g 135 Calculated value from in-house recipe (to the Food Composition Table 2015).
Cis-poly unsaturated fatty acids, n-6 25.03 g 135 Calculated value from in-house recipe (to the Food Composition Table 2015).
Cholesterol 51 mg 20 Estimated value.
Carbohydrate, glycemic 4.2 g 102 Data from the industry to the Food Composition Table 2001, unspecified.
Starch 0.6 g 20 Estimated value.
Mono+Di saccharides 3.6 g 20 Estimated value.
Sugar, added 0.9 g 20 Estimated value.
Protein 3.9 g 102 Data from the industry to the Food Composition Table 2001, unspecified.
Retinol 24 µg 20 Estimated value.
Vitamin D 0.1 µg 20 Estimated value.
Sodium 700 mg 20 Estimated value.
Potassium 142 mg 20 Estimated value.


text:
Rivaldo wary of Argentina as Messi chases World Cup recognition
SoccerNews in General Soccer News 6 Jun 2018
Brazil great Rivaldo is wary of the threat posed by bitter rivals Argentina in Russia because he feels it will be Lionel Messi's last chance to gain World Cup recognition and elevate himself above Diego Maradona.
Messi is regarded by many as the greatest player of all time due to his exploits in Spain and Europe with Barcelona, winning every trophy possible and claiming five Ballons d'Or, the joint most alongside Cristiano Ronaldo.
The 2017-18 season was also the ninth successive campaign in which Messi has scored more than 40 goals across all competitions, as he inspired Barca's LaLiga triumph.
But at international level he has not been as successful, with the Under-20 World Cup and Olympic Games his only triumphs with La Albiceleste.
As such, it is often surmised that Maradona is held in higher regard in Argentina because he led his country to World Cup glory in 1986, and for Messi – who will turn 31 on June 24 – time is running out.
100 – With his hat-trick against Haiti, Lionel Messi has scored against 100 different opponents in his professional career (Barcelona & Argentina). Collector. pic.twitter.com/UfSg8qHDix
— OptaJose (@OptaJose) May 30, 2018
"I guess this is the last World Cup for Messi," 2002 World Cup winner Rivaldo told Omnisport.
"The only thing would be if Argentina don't have other players in the future, so Messi would have a next World Cup being 35 years old.
"I believe he'll give his best to get this title for Argentina. He's a great player, but many people are not confident in him because he hasn't conquered important titles yet for his country.
"That's why in Argentina Maradona is still considered the best player, because he was World Cup champion.
"Messi has this pressure. Although he's done great things for Barcelona, he's not so respected in his own country because he hasn't given a title for Argentina.
"That's why a title is important for a country. It's important for a club, of course, but it's different.
"He'll fight a lot to try to get this title because this stays in the history of his country. He's already part of Barcelona history, but he knows that he needs to be a World Cup champion, mainly so Argentina's people can respect him and have this conquest."
Athletic Bilbao v Celta Vigo - Soccer
Olympiakos v Aris Salonika - Soccer
Famalicao v Maritimo - Soccer


Sitting in a small tea shop in northern Vermont, the late autumn rain drizzles across the window. The warm fireplace buffers the cool air radiating across the small table. For such a day, there appears little reflection of the events from 50 years ago. On November 22, 1963, a good man was assassinated. Mind you, John F. Kennedy was not a perfect man, but in many ways, his life was a terrarium of living that often mirrors who we are today.
Far from the great technology we live and breathe, Kennedy stressed education and inspired many people, especially youths, during his tenure as president; to help shape our country's strength (in unity); to strive for the least of those able to protect themselves; to reach for those segregated from normal society and the forgotten. He was a knight who ultimately set for himself a quest. A quest I believe that reaches across the bounds of death today and grasps at our heart.
Tragedies loom large in our world. Yet if Kennedy were here today, we know and understand that Camelot never existed. But the people in it were always what we wanted — and needed. In truth, many of us play the great warrior. Yet, cutting back the onion of our lives, we are all physical wrecks. We have cancer, multiple sclerosis, we suffer from the loss of love and life. We drink too much, we live too little and we lost the faith in ourselves and of a nation.
This is the involvement we all need, that personal point of connection where love transcends across the miles, through time, past and present. We are at a moment when leadership and intellect are desperately needed and how little vision for the future Americans have. We live in a generation of instant information and instant gratification where the challenges of living in unison are too often dismissed and lost by blind entitlement and "give-it-to-me-now" mentality.
What Kennedy would remind is that a whole host of Philippine people lost their families and livelihood a little over a week ago; several communities in the Midwest were destroyed by sudden and violent tornados; over 300 people dies alone this year; cancer still kills, people and families remain homeless; and children are abused daily.
Most of us will never be like Kennedy, Nelson Mandela or Mother Teresa. But we can perform many small things with great acts of love. When we do this, Kennedy remains alive and we honor his life and love.


The Tech Force 79 Competition rifle is a lot of value for a very low price.
Before we begin today, I wanted to remind you of the 2nd Annual Airgun Extravaganza in Malvern, Arkansas. It's being held on Friday and Saturday, April 15 & 16. Contact Seth Rowland for more infomation.
The Tech Force TF79 Competition rifle is a lot of value for a very low price.


text:
Die Marburg Mercenaries sind ein American-Football-Verein (AFV) aus dem hessischen Marburg, der in der Gruppe Süd der German Football League (GFL) spielt.

Geschichte
Der AFV Mercenaries wurde 1991 gegründet und spielte sich seitdem von der Verbandsliga Hessen (5. Liga) innerhalb weniger Jahre bis in die 2. Bundesliga Süd vor. 2002 gelang den Mercenaries (zu Deutsch: Söldner) durch Siege gegen die Munich Cowboys in der Relegation der Aufstieg in die German Football League (GFL) Süd. Im Jahr zuvor verpassten die Mercenaries in der Relegation den Aufstieg.

Nach einem Lehrjahr mit nur einem Sieg aus zwölf Spielen wurde der Abstieg aus der Saison 2003 in der Relegation vermieden.

In der Saison 2004 spielte sich die Mannschaft nach vorne: Sie errang den Süddeutschen Meistertitel und besiegte im Viertelfinale um die Deutsche Meisterschaft German Bowl den Vorjahresmeister Hamburg Blue Devils. Im Halbfinale scheiterte die Mannschaft am späteren Meister Berlin Adler.

In der Spielzeit 2005 traten die Mercenaries erstmals auf europäischer Bühne im EFAF Cup an und gewannen diesen durch einen 49:14-Sieg in Paris gegen die gastgebenden Elancourt Templiers. Außerdem verteidigten sie ihren Titel als Süddeutscher Meister. Erneut schlug die Mannschaft den amtierenden Meister im Viertelfinale und scheiterte im Halbfinale, diesmal an den Hamburg Blue Devils.

2006 konnten die Mercenaries ihren Titel im EFAF Cup nicht verteidigen. Zwar gewannen sie beide Gruppenspiele, scheiterten jedoch im Viertelfinale an den Graz Giants mit 28:31. Der Titel des Süddeutschen Meisters konnte jedoch in der Saison 2006 verteidigt werden und nach einem Sieg gegen die Hamburg Blue Devils erreichten die Mercenaries zum ersten Mal in ihrer Vereinsgeschichte den German Bowl. Dieser ging in Braunschweig gegen die Braunschweig Lions verloren.

Durch das Erreichen des Endspiels der German Bowl und den Verzicht des Meisters Braunschweig Lions hatten die Mercenaries in der Saison 2007 erstmals das Recht, an der European Football League teilzunehmen. Dort trafen sie in Division 3 auf die Flash de La Courneuve aus Frankreich und den spanischen Vertreter Barcelona Pioners. Im Eurobowl am 1. Juli 2007 in Wien gegen die Dodge Vikings Vienna wurden sie allerdings klar mit 19:70 geschlagen. In der GFL-Saison 2007 erreichten die Marburger Platz 2 im Süden, setzten sich zu Hause gegen die Kiel Baltic Hurricanes mit 21:16 im Viertelfinale durch, schieden jedoch im Halbfinale bei den Braunschweig Lions mit 21:26 aus. Auf der Pressekonferenz nach dem Spiel gab Coach Arbon bekannt, dass er ab November nicht mehr als Headcoach zur Verfügung stehen würde.

In der Saison 2008 gewannen die Mercenaries die Südgruppe. Das Viertelfinale gegen Dresden konnte mit 32:21 gewonnen werden, im Halbfinale setzten sich erneut die Braunschweig Lions (21:49) durch.

In der Saison 2009 erreichten die Mercenaries den 2. Platz der Südgruppe. Das Viertelfinale in Marburg gegen Dresden konnte mit 64:63 gewonnen werden. Im Halbfinale in Berlin unterlag man den Berlin Adler (36:21). Nachdem das Team in der Saison 2013 um die süddeutsche Meisterschaft mitspielen konnte, zogen die Mercenaries auch in der Saison 2014 souverän in die Play-offs ein. Die Serie von elf aufeinanderfolgenden Play-off-Teilnahmen endete jedoch am 21. September 2014 mit einer Niederlage bei den Dresden Monarchs (22:42), da die Mannschaft in der jüngsten Vergangenheit nicht an ihre Erfolge anknüpfen konnte.

Stadion und Zuschauer
Der AFV Mercenaries trägt seine Heimspiele meist im rund 12000 Zuschauer fassenden Georg-Gaßmann-Stadion in Ockershausen im Marburger Süden aus. Bei den Spielen der Mercenaries kommen im Schnitt rund 750 Zuschauer, bei Spitzenspielen auch über 1200 Zuschauer. Damit sind die Söldner einer der Zuschauermagneten im Marburger Sport.

Erfolge
1994: Aufstieg in die Oberliga
1996: Aufstieg in die Regionalliga und Hessenbowl-Sieg
1997: Aufstieg in die 2. Bundesliga und Hessenbowl-Sieg
2002: Aufstieg in die GFL
2004: Süddeutsche Meisterschaft
2005: Gewinn des EFAF Cups und Süddeutsche Meisterschaft
2006: Süddeutsche Meisterschaft, Deutscher Vizemeister
2008: Süddeutsche Meisterschaft
2010: Süddeutsche Meisterschaft

Andere Mannschaften
Neben der GFL-Mannschaft haben die Mercenaries auch eine erfolgreiche Jugendmannschaft, die in der GFL Juniors Mitte antritt. Des Weiteren besteht eine Cheerleader Abteilung mit Teams in drei Altersklassen, die Marburg Mascots.

Lacrosse – Marburg Saints
Von 2005 bis Ende 2008 war der 2004 gegründete Lacrosse-Verein Marburg Saints eine Abteilung der Mercenaries. Die Saints entstanden im Herbst 2004 aus den Abteilungen der Universitäten Marburg und Gießen. Die Mannschaft stieg 2005 in die Lacrosse-Bundesliga (WDLL) auf, wo sie seitdem spielt. Mit dem Jahr 2009 wechselte die Abteilung zur Hockeyabteilung des VFL 1860 Marburg.

Weblinks

Offizielle Website der Marburg Mercenaries

American-Football-Team aus Hessen
Sportverein (Marburg)
Gegründet 1991


text:
Detta är en lista över tidigare domare i USA:s högsta domstol.

Tidslinje

Domare före år 1800

Domare efter år 1800

*: Dessa domare tillträdde före år 1800. Deras tid i Högsta domstolen före 1800 visas i den föregående tidslinjen.

Lista över tidigare chefsdomare i USA:s högsta domstol

Lista över tidigare domare i USA:s högsta domstol

Referenser

Noter

Externa länkar

Högsta domstolen i USA
Listor med anknytning till juridik