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ZOVANOVIC v. CROATIA About Project
CASE OF ZOVANOVIĆ v. CROATIA
(Application no. 12877/02)
This judgment will become final in the circumstances set out in Article 44 § 2 of the Convention. It may be subject to editorial revision.
In the case of Zovanović v. Croatia,
The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Chamber composed of:
Mr P. Lorenzen,
Mrs N. Vajić,
Mr S. Jebens, judges,
Having deliberated in private on 18 November 2004,
Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:
1. The case originated in an application (no. 12877/02) against the Republic of Croatia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms ("the Convention") by a Croatian national, Mr Vinko Zovanović ("the applicant"), on 7 March 2002.
2. The applicant was represented by Ms M. Manojlović Motušić, a lawyer practising in Zadar, Croatia. The Croatian Government ("the Government") were represented by their Agent, Ms L. Lukina-Karajković.
3. On 9 January 2003 the Court declared the application partly inadmissible and decided to communicate the complaints concerning the right of access to court and the right to an effective remedy to the Government. Under the provisions of Article 29 § 3 of the Convention, it decided to examine the merits of the application at the same time as its admissibility.
4. The applicant was born in 1929 and lives in Pula, Croatia.
5. On 3 May 1991 his goods stored in a kiosk in Zadar, Croatia, were damaged by unknown perpetrators.
6. On 16 June 1992 he instituted civil proceedings before the Zadar Municipal Court (Općinski sud u Zadru) seeking damages from the Republic of Croatia and an insurance company for his damaged property.
7. On 17 May 1999 the Zadar Municipal Court stayed the proceedings in respect of the Republic of Croatia pursuant to the Civil Obligations (Amendments) Act 1996 (Zakon o izmjeni Zakona o obveznim odnosima). On the same date it decided to separate the proceedings in respect of the insurance company.
8. On 16 May 2002 the Zadar Municipal Court rejected the applicant's claim against the insurance company. The applicant did not appeal.
9. The proceedings in respect of the Republic of Croatia resumed on 5 December 2003 pursuant to the "Damage from Terrorist Acts and Public Demonstrations Act 2003" (Zakon o odgovornosti za štetu nastalu uslijed terorističkih akata i javnih demonstracija).
II. RELEVANT DOMESTIC LAW
10. The relevant part of the Civil Obligations Act (Zakon o obveznim odnosima, Official Gazette nos. 53/1991, 73/1991, 3/1994, 7/1996 and 112/1999) read as follows:
"Responsibility for loss caused by death or bodily injury or by damage or destruction of another's property, when it results from violent acts or terror or from public demonstrations or manifestations, lies with the ... authority whose officers were under a duty, according to the laws in force, to prevent such loss."
11. The Civil Obligations (Amendments) Act 1996 (Zakon o izmjeni Zakona o obveznim odnosima, Official Gazette no. 7/1996, hereinafter "the 1996 Act") entered into force on 3 February 1996. The relevant parts of that Act read as follows:
"Section 180 of the Civil Obligations Act ... shall be repealed."
"Proceedings for damages instituted under section 180 of the Civil Obligations Act shall be stayed.
The proceedings referred to in sub-section 1 of this section shall resume after the enactment of special legislation governing responsibility for damage resulting from terrorist acts."
12. The relevant part of the Civil Procedure Act (Zakon o parničnom postupku, Official Gazette nos. 53/1991, 91/1992, 112/1999 and 117/2003) provides:
"Proceedings shall be stayed:
(6) where another statute so prescribes."
13. The "Damage from Terrorist Acts and Public Demonstrations Act 2003" (Zakon o odgovornosti za štetu nastalu uslijed terorističkih akata i javnih demonstracija, Official Gazette no. 117/2003, hereinafter "the 2003 Act") entered into force on 31 July 2003. It provides that proceedings which were stayed pursuant to the 1996 Act will resume and defines circumstances in which the Republic of Croatia is liable for damage resulting from terrorist acts and public demonstrations.
I. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 6 § 1 OF THE CONVENTION
14. The applicant complained that the enactment of the 1996 Act violated his right of access to court guaranteed by Article 6 § 1 of the Convention, which reads as follows:
Article 6 § 1
"In the determination of his civil rights and obligations ..., everyone is entitled to a fair ... hearing ... by [a] ... tribunal..."
A. Admissibility
1. Compatibility ratione temporis
15. The Government maintained that the domestic authorities could be held responsible only for the events which occurred after 5 November 1997, when the Convention entered into force in respect of Croatia.
16. The applicant argued that his lack of access to court continued until 31 July 2003, when the 2003 Act entered into force.
17. The Court notes that the applicant's proceedings in respect of the Republic of Croatia were de facto stayed on 3 February 1996 when the 1996 Act entered into force. Pursuant to that Act the Zadar Municipal Court was not able to continue with the proceedings. The 2003 Act entered into force on 31 July 2003 providing for the resumption of the proceedings. It follows that the situation of which the applicant complained continued after the ratification of the Convention by Croatia on 5 November 1997. Accordingly, the Court does have competence ratione temporis to examine the application in so far as it concerns the stay on the applicant's proceedings after 5 November 1997, due account being taken of the length of time they had been stayed prior to ratification (see Kutić v. Croatia (dec.), no. 48778/99, 4 October 2001).
2. Exhaustion of domestic remedies
18. The Government also submitted that the applicant failed to exhaust domestic remedies because he did not submit a petition for constitutionality review to the Constitutional Court challenging the constitutionality of the 1996 Act.
19. The applicant contested the effectiveness of that remedy.
20. The Court recalls that it has found that the remedy indicated above did not constitute a remedy to be exhausted (see Crnojević v. Croatia, (dec.), no. 71614/01, 29 April 2003). The Court sees no reason to depart from this decision in the present case. In such circumstances, the Court considers that the application cannot be rejected for failure to exhaust domestic remedies.
21. The Court considers that the application raises questions of law which are sufficiently serious for its determination to depend on an examination of the merits, no other ground for declaring it inadmissible having been established. The Court therefore declares the application admissible. In accordance with its decision to apply Article 29 § 3 of the Convention (see paragraph 3 above), the Court will immediately consider the merits of the application.
B. Merits
22. The Government invited the Court to conclude that the application did not disclose any appearance of a violation of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. In this connection, they submitted that the applicant had enjoyed access to court as he had instituted civil proceedings before the Zadar Municipal Court. The fact that the court had temporarily stayed the proceedings in respect of the Republic of Croatia pursuant to the 1996 Act did not affect his right of access to court.
23. The applicant argued that his right of access to court was violated as he was prevented from pursuing his case against the Republic of Croatia from the entry into force of the 1996 Act until the entry into force of the 2003 Act.
24. The Court recalls that Article 6 § 1 of the Convention embodies the "right to a court" of which the right of access, namely the right to institute proceedings before a court in civil matters, constitutes one aspect.
25. However, this right is not absolute, but may be subject to limitations. These are permitted by implication since the right of access by its very nature calls for regulation by the State. In this respect, the Contracting States enjoy a certain margin of appreciation, although the final decision as to the observance of the Convention's requirements rests with the Court. It must be satisfied that the limitations applied do not restrict or reduce the access left to the individual in such a way or to such an extent that the very essence of the right is impaired. Furthermore, a limitation will not be compatible with Article 6 § 1 if it does not pursue a legitimate aim and if there is not a reasonable relationship of proportionality between the means employed and the aim sought to be achieved (see Stubbings and Others v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 22 October 1996, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996-IV, § 50).
26. In the present case, the Court notes that the applicant's proceedings in respect of the Republic of Croatia were de facto stayed on 3 February 1996 when the 1996 Act entered into force. The 2003 Act entered into force on 31 July 2003 and the proceedings resumed pursuant to that Act on 5 December 2003. The applicant was therefore prevented for more than seven years, more than five of which after the ratification of the Convention by Croatia, from having his claim decided by domestic courts as a result of the 1996 Act.
27. The Court finds, in accordance with its case-law (see, inter alia, Kutić v. Croatia, no. 48778/99, § 33, ECHR 2002-II, and Multiplex v. Croatia, no. 58112/00, § 55, 10 July 2003), that the long period for which the applicant was prevented from having his civil claim determined by domestic courts as a consequence of a legislative measure constitutes a violation of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention.
II. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 13 OF THE CONVENTION
28. The applicant also complained that the same legislation violated his right to an effective remedy guaranteed by Article 13 of the Convention which reads as follows:
"Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in [the] Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity."
29. The Government submitted that the complaint under Article 13 did not need to be examined separately as it was absorbed by the complaint under Article 6 § 1.
30. The applicant did not respond to that particular submission of the Government.
31. The Court notes that this complaint is linked to the one examined above and must therefore likewise be declared admissible.
32. Having regard to the finding relating to Article 6 § 1 (see paragraph 27 above), the Court considers that it is not necessary to examine whether, in this case, there has been a violation of Article 13 since its requirements are less strict than, and are here absorbed by those of Article 6 § 1 (see, among other authorities, Osu v. Italy, no. 36534/97, § 43, 11 July 2002).
III. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION
33. Article 41 of the Convention provides:
"If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party."
A. Damage
34. In respect of pecuniary damage, the applicant claimed the value of his damaged property in the sum of 20,000 euros ("EUR"). He further claimed EUR 12,000 in respect of non-pecuniary damage.
35. The Government considered the claimed amounts unfounded and, in any case, excessive.
36. The Court recalls that the violation found relates solely to the applicant's access to court and not to the destruction of his property. Consequently, no causal link has been established between the violation found and his claim for pecuniary damage. In particular, it is not for the Court to speculate what the outcome of the proceedings would be if they were in conformity with the requirements of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention (see, inter alia, Göçer v. the Netherlands, no. 51392/99, § 37, 3 October 2002). No award of pecuniary damage is therefore made.
37. On the other hand, the Court notes the long period for which the applicant was prevented from having his civil claims determined and considers that some feelings of frustration and anxiety must have arisen which justify an award of non-pecuniary damage. Making its assessment on an equitable basis and having regard to the circumstances of the case, the Court awards the applicant EUR 4,000, plus any tax that may be chargeable.
B. Costs and expenses
38. The applicant claimed 3,870 Croatian kunas ("HRK") [approximately EUR 550] for the costs and expenses incurred before the domestic courts and HRK 3,000 [approximately EUR 400] for the costs and expenses incurred before the Court.
39. The Government considered the claimed amount unfounded.
40. The Court recalls that in order for costs and expenses to be included in an award under Article 41, it must be established that they were actually and necessarily incurred and were reasonable as to quantum. In the present case, regard being had to the information in its possession and the above criteria, the Court does not consider that the applicant has demonstrated that he has incurred, before the domestic courts, any extra costs and expenses because of the stay on his proceedings. As to the legal costs and expenses incurred before it, the Court considers that the sum claimed was actually and necessarily incurred, and reasonable as to quantum. Accordingly, it awards the applicant EUR 400 under this head, plus any tax that may be chargeable (see Multiplex cited above, § 65).
C. Default interest
41. The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points.
1. Declares the application admissible;
2. Holds that there has been a violation of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention;
3. Holds that there is no need to examine the complaint under Article 13 of the Convention;
4. Holds
(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicant, within three months from the date on which the judgment becomes final according to Article 44 § 2 of the Convention, the following amounts which should be converted into Croatian kunas at the rate applicable at the date of settlement:
(i) EUR 4,000 (four thousand euros) in respect of non-pecuniary damage;
(ii) EUR 400 (four hundred euros) in respect of costs and expenses; and
(iii) any tax that may be chargeable on the above amounts;
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points;
5. Dismisses the remainder of the applicant's claim for just satisfaction.
Done in English, and notified in writing on 9 December 2004, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.
ZOVANOVIĆ v. CROATIA JUDGMENT


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The Queen Elizabeth II Graduate Scholarships in Science and Technology (QEII-GSST) have been created to encourage and support the best students involved in science and technology research.
The program is funded in part by Ontario's Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities (MTCU).
QEII-GSST is valued at a maximum of $15,000 annually ($5,000 per term) and must be held for a minimum of two consecutive terms with a full-time student status. Awards can be taken up either in May 2019, September 2019 or January 2020. QEII-GSST are awarded for a maximum of 1 year.
The Ontario government portion of the award to an individual student will be 2/3 of the value of the scholarship (i.e. a maximum of $10,000 annually, or $3,333 per term). You must ensure the funding for the remaining 1/3 of the scholarship (maximum $5,000 annually, or $1,667 per term) from funds secured through fundraising from the private sector raised specifically for the QEII - GSST program.
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Each university is assigned QEII-GSST allocation according to its share of eligible full-time domestic graduate enrolments in applied, biological and physical science programs. The University of Ottawa has an allocation of 41 QEII-GSST for 2019-2020.
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Master's students can receive the scholarship for a maximum of two (2) years and doctoral students for a maximum of four (4) years.
Please download and read carefully the QEII-GSST Applicant Instructions to ensure that your application is complete and admissible.
The results will be announced in July of each year.
Do you have questions about the Queen Elizabeth II scholarships application procedures? Contact the Graduate Studies and Postdoctoral Office in your Faculty.


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text:
Listed in: Political Science, as POSC-400
Formerly listed as: POSC-17
Kristin Bumiller (Section 01)
[GP,LP] [SC - starting with the Class of 2015] This course will explore the domestic sphere as a site of politics. We will define the domestic sphere broadly, including politics in the home, private life, and state and local governments. The principle questions to be addressed will include: How does the conception of public and private shift over time and what are the forces driving these changes? How is the private sphere seen as a site of safety versus danger? What are the consequences of the intervention of state power and policing into the private sphere? A wide range of issues will be covered including the role of bureaucracies, the social organization of families, regulation of health and safety, domestic violence, urban revitalization, the deinstitutionalization of people with disabilities, homelessness, economic and racial inequality, policing, and incarceration. The course will examine these issues primarily in the context of American politics and society. There is a required 20-page research paper. This course satisfies the seminar requirement for the Department of Political Science.
Requisite: An Introductory course in political science or its equivalent. Limited to 20 students. Spring semester. Professor Bumiller.
If Overenrolled: Priority given to political science majors
POSC 400 - L/D
Tu 02:30 PM - 04:30 PM CONV 209
025201202X The Symbolic Uses of Politics University of Illinois Press Murray Edelman Amherst Books TBD
0300172621 At Home in the Law: How the Domestic Violence Revolution Is Transforming Privacy Yale University Press Jeannie Suk Amherst Books TBD
1595586423 The Moral Underground: How Ordinary Americans Subvert an Unfair Economy The New Press Lisa Dodson Amherst Books TBD
Other years: Offered in Fall 2010, Fall 2011, Spring 2013, Spring 2014, Spring 2015

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These 3 Data-Driven Auction Trends Will Help You Master the Photography Market in a Snap
Contributor on April 19, 2019
While KAWS and Zao Wou-Ki's dual $14.8 million sales in Hong Kong were monopolizing many auction observers' attention in early April, a more specialized affair was taking place in New York.
There, houses including Christie's, Sotheby's, Phillips, and Bonhams hosted their annual spring photography sales. And while several buyers and sellers undoubtedly left happy, the post-sale press releases—if they arrived at all—were decidedly subdued, absent the typical hyperbole describing results as "triumphant" or "exceptional."
To get a better sense of the genre's overall status, we sifted through data on the past decade's photography sales worldwide. (2009 marked the first year of the major New York photo auctions.) What emerged are three trends that will help collectors better understand the state of the shutter trade today and into the future.
Here's the upshot: The photography market isn't anywhere near as high-risk and high-reward as the contemporary art market. In fact, it's a little sleepy. But for devotees of the medium, there are wise and fruitful bets to be made.
1. The auction market for photos has been stuck in gear for 10 years.
© artnet Price Database 2019.
Here's the good news: Photography sales were up significantly in 2019, rebounding from a 10-year low of $15.6 million in 2018 to about $22.4 million this year.
Here's the not-so-good news: Counter to annual trends in the wider fine-art auction market (which peaked in 2014, hollowed out in 2016, and has been climbing ever since), photography sales peaked early. They topped out in 2013 at $30.5 million—and have never gotten close to that high point again. At three other points over the past decade, the market has hit a ceiling at $23 million.
The number of sold lots has shown no major movement, either, suggesting that the average work is getting neither cheaper nor pricier. Almost exactly as many works changed hands during this year's sample period as in 2016, 2013, and 2011: a little over 700. Together, these stats on total value and total volume suggest that the photography market is a relatively stagnant one that, barring a dramatic new influx of buyers, more or less found equilibrium a decade ago.
Takeaway: If you're looking for big, quick gains in the art market, look away from photography. But if you believe the medium is due for long-term appreciation, it's still a good time to get started (or double down).
2. The list of top photographers has been remarkably stable.
Irving Penn, Pablo Picasso, Cannes (1957, printed circa 1962). Courtesy Swann Galleries.
Unlike some genres, in which the top sellers shift dramatically year to year based on supply, photography has a pretty consistent all-star team. When examining the top 10 best-selling photographers during our sample period over the past decade, we found just 32 names (and a lot of repeats).
And if you're a collector looking for safety, it's reasonable to slim down the field even further. Of those 32 artists, 15 appeared on only one year's list (likely due to a particularly strong example coming up for sale, good timing, or another one-off situation). That essentially leaves just 17 photographers who have a track record of appearing among the top 10 best-selling photographers.
Those names are: Irving Penn, Ansel Adams, Edward Weston, Robert Frank, Robert Mapplethorpe, Helmut Newton, Richard Avedon, Man Ray, Diane Arbus, László Moholy-Nagy, Edward Steichen, Alfred Stieglitz, William Eggleston, Hiroshi Sugimoto, Peter Beard, Cindy Sherman, and Paul Strand.
Among this select group, however, it's possible to provide even more security. Five artists proved their timelessness by making the list in six years or more, including our chronological bookends of 2010 and 2019: Ansel Adams (nine years), Irving Penn (nine years), Edward Weston (eight years), Robert Frank (seven years) and Robert Mapplethorpe (six years).
Takeaway: Although their prices may not skyrocket, a short list of photographers can be considered relatively safe stores of value going forward.
3. The photography market has shown little demand for gender balance.
In a similar analysis last spring, data showed that it was still a man's world at the top of the photography market. The same is true today, though there are signs that the winds may be shifting.
Of the 32 artists who made one or more annual top 10 list during the sample period, only seven were women. Furthermore, only two of those seven women made the list more than once: Cindy Sherman in two years, and Diane Arbus in five.
But three women photographers are among the sales leaders so far in 2019: Imogen Cunningham, the American photographer best known for her nudes; Dorothea Lange, the chronicler of the Great Depression; and Italian photographer and political activist Tina Modotti.
Time will tell if their momentum carries through the rest of the year. But if so, it could be a sign of change in the photography market—and perhaps one heralding that others could (finally) be just over the horizon.
Takeaway: Buy great women photographers, because they're still historically undervalued.
Methodology: This article examines data for all fine-art sales that either contain "photograph" in the title or have a majority of lots classified as photography (including both live auctions and online auctions), held from January 1 through April 10 of the given year, from 2010 through 2019 at all worldwide locations of Christie's, Sotheby's, Phillips, and Bonhams. For artist rankings, we only considered individual artists, so disqualified portfolios that included work by multiple photographers. All sales values are denominated in US dollars and include buyer's premiums. All data comes courtesy of the artnet Price Database and artnet Analytics Reports.
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Dealing in Futures
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Wealth Management / Asset Management / Wealth Management
4th January 2011 by Spear's
Pictet's Christophe Donay unrolls his map of the current financial landscape and identifies areas of relative safety and others of mystery and possible danger
IN 2010, THE dark clouds of deflation gathered over Western economies, threatening the fragile recovery. Recent moves by the Fed (QE2) and the solid showing by government bonds have thus far averted the storm. In 2011, the economic environment should be characterised by double decoupling in a global economy set in a context of ever-increasing inflationary risk in the emerging economies.
First, the US and Europe are likely to grow at a sluggish 2 per cent compared to the 5.5 per cent expected growth in emerging economies. Second, the policy-mix responses of the US and EU are totally different in regards to both monetary and fiscal policy. On the monetary-policy side, the Fed's QE2 confirms its desire to do whatever is necessary to hit inflation and employment targets. The ECB, however, has begun its exit strategy, continuing to try to banish the spectre of inflation. On the fiscal front, the US government is expected to extend household tax rebates, while the EMU countries have opted for the German austerity model: shrinking of public debt/GDP ratio over the next five years and public-deficit reduction from 2011.
The policy-mix responses of developed economies and emerging economies show that there is patently no cooperation, no co-ordination and no concerted action among the community of central bankers. These policies are clearly domestically focused and the source of both global disequilibrium in currency markets and inflationary pressures. This is compounded by the renminbi. Were China to accept a 30 per cent one-off fair-value revaluation, the pressures on the monetary system would ease, though this tail-event seems very unlikely in 2011. On the contrary, the risk of a renewed sovereign European crisis remains high.
In this difficult context, here are some of our views for asset allocation in the year ahead…
Opportunity in AAA sovereign money markets… As central banks in the eurozone, Japan, the UK and the US maintain interest rates close to zero, the return of cash will remain very low, especially in developed markets. On the other hand, China, India, South Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia and Thailand have increased interest rates in the second half of 2010 and we expect other Asian central banks to join this trend in 2011. Therefore one of the key investment opportunities in the coming year lies in sovereign money market domestic currency funds benefiting from AAA rating.
Dollar likely to remain weak… Economic climate, risk aversion and structural factors: these three factors have driven currency exchange rates. A fundamental change is that exchange rates are now increasingly used as an economic and geopolitical policy tool. This is why we now expect all three factors to have a significant impact on this asset class.
The Fed's quantitative easing policy has, and will continue to, put downward pressure on the US dollar and cause the appreciation of defensive currencies, most notably the Swiss franc. As growth in Asia ex-Japan is enhanced and inflationary pressures increase, yields are likely to rise there and attract capital flows, which would, in turn, strengthen Asian currencies. A weakening US dollar and strong growth in Asia are supportive for commodity currencies (eg AUD, CAN). This is further compounded by the low level of solidarity witnessed between eurozone members, which implies that most of the adjustment will be borne by the weak peripheral countries and confidence in the single currency is likely to be shaken.
Developed market blue-chips offer upside… The effects of economic decoupling has led to the development of two types of equity markets. In developed markets, after three years of deflationary pressure, the compression of the valuation ratios is done while in emerging markets, valuations are stretched for some, but not for others, such as Chinese equities. If the US policy-mix succeeds thanks to the extension of household tax rebates, the upside potential for equity markets in 2011 is more or less equal to the earnings growth ranging from 12 per cent to 15 per cent.
Alternatively, in case of inflation surge, the price-earnings expansion could trigger an additional upside of 10 per cent. A portfolio recommendation would thus be to invest in developed domestic equity markets (blue-chips).
Little to go for in sovereign bonds… In the US bond market, the level of long-term interest rates is no longer determined by market mechanisms but rather by the Fed's policy of quantitative easing. One of the targets of this policy is to maintain the financing cost of the economy below the real economic growth rate. As long as the Fed's abundance of liquidity prevails, the return on bonds as an asset class is likely to remain unattractive as the volatility of interest rates could erode the return delivered by the low coupon. Interest-rate risks are tilted toward the upside, therefore, and the day economic growth accelerates or inflation pressures loom, the rates could adjust to fundamentals, creating a disruption in the bond markets.
High-yield corporates promise good returns… Corporate-bond interest rates fell by 100bp in 2010. As the narrowing of spreads is becoming increasingly dependent on developed market economic growth, corporate bonds remain a more attractive investment. Several factors contribute to this trend. Coupons remain more attractive than those paid in cash and government bonds, particularly in the high-yield segment. Returns are also safer than those delivered by sovereign bonds. If the pace of nominal economic growth were to accelerate, the rise in risk-free interest rates would be offset by narrowing spreads. The expected return in high yield is higher than for investment grade. In a typical portfolio it is interesting to keep investment-grade bonds while investing in euro and dollar high-yield bonds hedged in the domestic currency.
Gold remains appealing… In 2010, the gold price topped its historical record in dollar terms due to the QE2 announcement. Gold is historically correlated both to the US dollar's weakness and to risk aversion and again shows a strong positive correlation. This confirms gold as the perfect anti-paper currency asset. It also plays a broader role for international investors in its extreme form, in the case of dollar debasement.
Even if deflation is not the core scenario, monetary policy response to deflationary pressures is good for the price of gold. Alternatively, even if there is a switch to an inflation scenario, it is a strategic asset to hold. As an insurance-like asset, investing in physical gold is the play to avoid counter-party risk. Structured products or gold-mining stocks should be avoided.
Illustration by Vince Fraser (vincefraser.com)
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József Lengyel (ur. 4 sierpnia 1896 w Marcali, zm. 14 lipca 1975 w Budapeszcie) – węgierski prozaik i poeta.

Życiorys
Debiutował wierszami antywojennymi w 1915. W 1919 brał udział w rewolucji węgierskiej, jako członek partii komunistycznej (Kommunisták Magyarországi Pártja). Po upadku Węgierskiej Republiki Rad wyemigrował do Austrii, Niemiec i w końcu ZSRR. W powieści Visegrádi utca (Ulica Wyszegradzka, 1930) przedstawił szczegółowo przygotowania i przebieg działań rewolucyjnych. W 1938 aresztowany i w wyniku sfingowanego procesu zesłany na Syberię. W 1955 powrócił na Węgry. W 1958 napisał kolejną powieść o rewolucji węgierskiej – Prenn Ferenc hányatott élete (Burzliwe życie Ferenca Prenna). Miała ona cechy powieści awanturniczej. Swoim doświadczeniom biograficznym z działalności w ruchu robotniczym poświęcił m.in. mikropowieści, nowele i zbiory opowiadań: Kulcs (Klucz, 1956), Igéző (Czarownik, 1961), Elévült tartozás (Przedawniony dług, 1964), Elejétől végig (Od początku do końca, 1963). Ta ostatnia dotyczy komunisty wydanego na próbę, który nawet w najtragiczniejszej sytuacji nie traci wiary w swoją ideę.

Jest także autorem powieści-eseju, alegorii historycznej Három hidépitő (Trzej budowniczowie mostu, 1960), jak również powieści o Attyli – Isten ostora (Bicz boży, 1963). W mikropowieści Ujra kezdet (Znowu od początku, 1970) porusza problem rozpoczęcia nowego życia po gehennie wojny światowej. Inne jego dzieła to: Tükrök (Lustra, 1967, zbiór reportaży), Ézsau mondja (Ezaw powiada, 1969, zbiór opowiadań), Argonidész hajói (Statki Argonidesa, 1973, zbiór baśni filozoficznych).

W 1974 adaptował do warunków scenicznych własne dzieła Ujra kezdet oraz Levelek Arisztophanészhez (Listy do Arystofanesa).

W 1963 otrzymał Nagrodę Kossutha. Czarownika przetłumaczono na język polski (1971, H. Kuźniarska).

Przypisy

Węgierscy pisarze
Węgierscy poeci XX wieku
Węgierscy komuniści
Urodzeni w 1896
Zmarli w 1975

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Supervisors: Use this separation process checklist when an employee is ending employment with the University.
Facilitate Completion of the Separation Checklist.
The supervisor of a departing employee is to facilitate the completion and return of a separation checklist, by the departing employee, within 2 weeks of the employee's separation.
The supervisor then reviews the completed checklist for acceptance, preferably within 1 business day of completion. Should any items of concern arise from the checklist, the supervisor should discuss/resolve these items with the departing employee immediately.
Forward an Electronic Copy to Appropriate Departments.
Once the checklist has been reviewed and accepted by the supervisor, the supervisor must then auto-forward an electronic copy of the checklist to departments who are also affected by the separation (e.g. UITS, EH&S, HR, & FSLR).
Provide a Copy to the Departing Employee.
The supervisor must also provide a copy of the accepted checklist to the departing employee. The departing employee should retain this copy for their personal records.
Please Note: In the case of involuntary termination, supervisors must complete the checklist for the employee and follow-up with Faculty & Staff Labor Relations should there be any items of concern.


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Featured Eurostar• new strikes for ambulance• Paris Saint Germain• Enfield Council• Russia•
Iran postpones 2nd round of polls over coronavirus
Iran is one of the worst-hit countries by coronavirus
reads.
Iran has postponed the second round of the country's parliamentary elections as part of its fight against coronavirus. The polls, originally slated for April 17, will be held on Sept. 11, Abbasali Kadkhodaei, a spokesman for the Guardian Council, told the official IRNA news agency. Iran is one of the worst-hit countries by coronavirus with 724 deaths and more than 13,900 confirmed infections.
The country has asked the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for $5 billion emergency funding to deal with the pandemic.
After emerging in Wuhan, China last December, the virus known as COVID-19 has spread to at least 141 countries and territories.
The global death toll from the virus has surpassed 5,700 with more than 152,000 cases confirmed worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.
A vast majority of those who become infected recover from the illness.
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According to the Australian Institute of Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heating (AIRAH), the recently announced Federal Budget offers considerable value for the HVAC&R industry.
AIRAH Chief Executive Tony Gleeson, M.AIRAH, says the government's plan to spend $75 billion on key infrastructure projects over ten years offers plenty for Australia in general, and the HVAC&R industry in particular.
"A Budget focused on rail, road and airport spending is obviously a boon for the construction sector, and for trade opportunities," Mr Gleeson said.
"As an integral component of the industries that assemble our built environment and also provides health and comfort, the HVAC&R industry will benefit too.
In place of the now scrapped 457 visa for foreign workers, the government plans to create a new temporary skills shortage visa that has stricter conditions. Employers wishing to hire foreign workers through the new visa will be required to make contributions to the new Fund.
Mr Gleeson says the government's $1 billion National Housing Infrastructure Facility to remove impediments to developing new homes is one of a number of positive elements included in the Budget.
Another was the establishment of a $10 billion National Rail Program to create better connectivity and productivity.
"We also applaud the directive for researchers to engage more closely with industry than has occurred in the past," Mr Gleeson said.
Mr Gleeson said it's disappointing that, pending various policy reviews that are in progress, the Federal Budget appears to defer new funding for policy responding to climate change.
As participants in some of those reviews, AIRAH will continue to voice the view that it's important to reduce Australia's greenhouse gas emissions via the adoption of appropriate refrigerants, and through resilient design.
"Although there are some very admirable elements in the 2017–18 Federal Budget, the Institute will continue to talk to those in power about those things important to us and our members," Mr Gleeson said.


When my wife and I finally finished building our house, it was time to focus my attention on the garden, specifically my kitchen garden. During the house construction, I did have a vegetable plot, but it was quite small, and more important, it lacked a good way to water. For the two previous seasons, I had used an old 1-inch well line I'd picked up at a local plumbing junk yard. The line connected to the spigot at the house and ran over the ground down the hill to the garden. This solution was neither attractive nor permanent, so when I set out to design and build a new, enlarged kitchen garden, I planned to add an irrigation system, too.
Because my primary goal was simply to get water to my garden, I chose to go with a very basic setup. The actual watering would still be done with a sprinkler. But I also wanted a system that could be expanded in the future.
With the help of a trench digger, the author got the 200-foot ditch dug in just three hours.
One of the first questions I had to answer was how deep to bury the water line. If I didn't want to have to drain the system each fall, I would have to bury it below the frost line, which is 42 inches deep here in my Zone 5 Connecticut garden.
I also had to decide what kind of material I would use for the line, and how to connect the line to the house. Finally, there was one other obstacle, literally— the stone wall that runs along the base of the hill between the house and the garden. Somehow I would have to take the line under or through this.
The answer to my first question came easily when I did a test dig on the hill where the line would go. After five sweaty hours of fighting with rocks and roots, I was only 3 feet into what would be a 200-foot-long trench. I quickly decided to bury the line just 1 foot deep and to drain the system each fall.
Before laying the line, check to see that the trench pitches evenly toward the intended low spot. Laying a length of rigid pipe in the trench before measuring with a 4-foot level gives a more accurate reading. The trench should slope just slightly.
My next step was to determine what kinds of connections I needed and where they would go. First I had to figure out where the low point in the system would be. That's where it would all drain. My garden is downhill from the house, with a drop in elevation of almost 30 feet, which would allow gravity to drain the system. Because the land slopes to the center of the garden, I decided to install a drain valve there, along with a spigot, from which I could water the whole fenced kitchen garden (C on site plan). I also wanted a spigot outside the garden on the uphill side (B), so I could run a hose and sprinkler to my pumpkin patch and perennial beds. Finally, I needed a third spigot at the far end of the line (D) that, when opened, would let air in and cause the line to drain completely. All three of these connections would be housed in wooden boxes set in the ground, which would give me quick access to them. In addition, I'd need a few elbow connections because, although irrigation line is flexible enough to curve gently, it can't make sharp turns.
After I had a basic plan, I took it to a plumbing supply store that specializes in irrigation systems to make sure I had everything covered. They looked at my plan and said it was fine. I bought 1-inch PVC irrigation line, and standard PVC plumbing fittings for all the connections.
With these decisions behind me, it was time for the real work to begin.
A four-head spigot quadruples watering versatility. The flexible braided line, which joins the irrigation line to the spigot, is easier to disconnect than the stiff irrigation line.
I knew going into this project that the most difficult part would be digging the trench that would contain the water line. After my trial dig, I decided to spend $75 to rent a trench digger to open a ditch 4 inches wide by 1 foot deep. Using this piece of machinery was still hard work, but I got the whole 200-foot trench dug in three hours.
Once the rough trench was dug, I had to ensure that the bottom of it was properly sloped so there would be no unwanted low points in the line to hold water. I used a long piece of rigid plastic pipe left over from a previous project to help me determine that the slope was correct. I laid the pipe in the trench and set my 4-foot level on the pipe. In the areas where I needed to adjust the grade, it was just a matter of adding or taking away small amounts of dirt from the bottom of the trench.
The connection boxes are simply bottomless wooden boxes with drop-in covers that sit flush with the top of the box. I made them out of 2×10 pressure-treated pine cut to 1-foot lengths so I would have a box 1-foot square by 912 inches deep. This gave me enough room inside to house a spigot. The box in the middle of the garden would need to be larger and deeper to accommodate both a spigot and the drain valve, so I made that one 12 inches wide and deep and 18 inches long. When the boxes were done, it was time to assemble the system. I did not cut the holes in the box sides for the pipe to go through at this point because I wanted to be sure I got them in the correct places.
With the trench ready, the next step was to put all the connection boxes in the ground. To install each box, I dug a hole a few inches deeper than the box itself, and filled the bottom with 3 to 4 inches of gravel, so when I drain the line, the water has somewhere to go. I adjusted the level of the gravel bed so the box sits flush with the surface of the ground.
Next, I unrolled the irrigation line and positioned it alongside the trench so I could determine the exact length of the run of each piece of line. After the line was laid out, I went back and cut it with a hacksaw wherever a connection would be, leaving a few inches extra for adjustments.
To figure out where the holes in the boxes should be, I laid my level in the trench up against the box and put a mark on the side of the box where the level met the box. After marking all the boxes, I pulled them all out of the ground and drilled the holes with a 114-inch bit.
Although I had bought 100 psi (pounds/ square inch) line for the lower part of the project, I decided to reuse the 160 psi line I already had for the long run from the house to the first connection, near the edge of the garden. This turned out to be a mistake, because the thicker-walled 160 psi line was harder to get the fittings into. In retrospect, spending another $10 to have 100 psi line throughout would have saved me some bother.
I started assembling the system at the house. The trench comes right up to the foundation, so the line needed to go from a horizontal run to a vertical run to reach the main spigot on the house. To make the bend, I connected a 90-degree fitting to the end of the line. For the vertical run, I used a 3-foot section of 1-inch braided flexible line, which is a lot easier to disconnect at season's end than the stiff irrigation line. This is connected to a four-head spigot, which threads onto the main spigot on the house. The four separate heads allow me to have the main irrigation line always hooked up as well as to have other hoses connected.
I then proceeded to my first connection box (B on site plan), making sure the line was lying on the bottom of the trench along its whole length. On either side of the box, I slid the ends of the two pieces of line through the holes, and slipped a clamp over each end. In this box I needed an elbow and a spigot, with a short piece of line in between. It's cramped and awkward to work inside the box, so I made as many connections as possible outside the box. In this case, I fitted and clamped the elbow and the T-fittings into the short piece, then made the connection to the irrigation lines.
This system required a series of connections in four locations; details are shown below. The line starts at a four-head spigot at the house (A). The author waters the garden from hoses attached to spigots at B and C. The spigot at D is needed to flush the system completely—of air at the beginning of the season and of water at the end of the season.
To get a fitting into the irrigation line, it was sometimes necessary to heat the line slightly with a small propane torch. I was careful to heat all sides evenly and only enough to get the fitting in. Too much heat can cause the line to distort, which could cause leaks at the connection. After the fitting was in, I positioned a clamp near the end of the irrigation line and tightened it securely.
The T-fitting has a female threaded end that the spigot goes into. To ensure a tight seal, I wrapped Teflon tape around the threads on the spigot before screwing it into the T.
With the first box all set, I moved onto the main connection box, again making sure as I walked the trench that the line rested on the bottom.
The main connection box was a little more complicated to set up, because it houses both a spigot and a drain valve, separated by a short length of line. I positioned the spigot so it would be uphill from the drain. That way, when the drain is opened, all the water will evacuate. As in the first box, T-fittings provide connection points for the spigot and the drain valve. Be sure, when making all connections, to slide on the clamps before the fittings are put on. Otherwise, you'll be taking the connections apart and doing it over again, as I learned the hard way.
In the last connection box I put an insert fitting in the end of the line and capped it with a spigot.
Heat the irrigation line with a propane torch, evenly all around.
Heat the line just enough so you can pound the connection in with a rubber-headed mallet.
Move the clamp toward the end of the line, over the fitting inside. A cordless drill tightens the clamp quickly.
Where sharp turns are needed, use an elbow fitting. Finish tightening the connection with a screwdriver.
A layer of Teflon tape wound over the threads of all threaded connections is important anti-leak insurance.
The main connection box at the center of the garden is the low point in the system. Here, there is both a spigot (for running water to the sprinkler) and a drain valve. When the system in drained in the fall, water will run out and seep away through the gravel bed beneath the box.
Once the system has been activated and searched for leaks, backfilling the trench is the final chore.
After all the connections were made and all the clamps tightened, it was time to test the lines. Before turning on the water, I opened the spigot at the end of the line to push all the air out of the system. With the water running and the air purged from the line, I closed all the spigots. Then, holding my breath, I walked back along the line and inspected each connection. No leaks at all!
I left the water on, keeping the system pressurized, for a couple of hours to see if any leaks developed. Once I was satisfied the system was water-tight, I backfilled the trench and graded the surface flat. I will eventually put a set of steps in the area where the line comes through the stone wall, but for now all I did was lay the line in the trench, cover it with a foot of sand and gravel, and lay a big flat rock across it.
To drain the system at season's end, I just open the drain valve in the central box (first making sure the water is turned off at the house), then disconnect the line at the house, and finally open all the spigots along the line. This system cost me under $300, including renting the trench digger, and the whole project took less than 30 hours to complete.


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    <asp:SqlDataSource runat="server" ID="SqlDataSource1"
      ConnectionString='<%$ ConnectionStrings:DefaultConnection %>'
      SelectCommand="SELECT AspNetUsers.EmailConfirmed, AspNetUser.UserName, AspNetUsers.FirstName, AspNetUsers.LastName, AspNetUsers.BusinessName, AspNetRoles.Name FROM AspNetUsers INNER JOIN AspNetRoles ON AspNetUsers.Id = AspNetRoles.Id INNER JOIN AspNetUserRoles ON AspNetUsers.Id = AspNetUserRoles.UserId AND AspNetRoles.Id = AspNetUserRoles.RoleId"></asp:SqlDataSource>
    <asp:GridView ID="GridView2" runat="server" SelectMethod ="" UpdateMethod ="" AutoGenerateColumns="true" DataKeyNames="Id" EmptyDataText="No Data" EnableModelValidation="false" ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="10px" Height="75px" PageSize="3" Width="472px">
      <AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#284775" />
      <Columns>
        <asp:BoundField DataField="Text" HeaderText="User Information" />
        <asp:DynamicField DataField="EmailConfirmed" HeaderText="EmailConfirmed" SortExpression="EmailConfirmed"></asp:DynamicField>
        <asp:BoundField DataField="FirstName" HeaderText="First Name" SortExpression="FirstName"></asp:BoundField>
        <asp:BoundField DataField="LastName" HeaderText="Last Name" SortExpression="LastName"></asp:BoundField>
        <asp:DynamicField DataField="BusinessName" HeaderText="Business Name" SortExpression="BusinessName"></asp:DynamicField>
        <asp:DynamicField DataField="UserName" HeaderText="Email" SortExpression="UserName"></asp:DynamicField>
        <asp:DynamicField DataField="Name" HeaderText="Role"  SortExpression="Role" ></asp:DynamicField>
       </Columns>
      <EditRowStyle BackColor="#999999" />
      <FooterStyle BackColor="#5D7B9D" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
      <HeaderStyle BackColor="#D7E4FF" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#1484AA" />
      <PagerStyle BackColor="#284775" ForeColor="White" HorizontalAlign="Center" />
      <RowStyle BackColor="#F7F6F3" ForeColor="#333333" />
      <SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#E2DED6" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#333333" />
    </asp:GridView>
  </div>

Here is my Code behind:
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
  protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
    if (!IsPostBack)
    {
      BindGrid1();
      BindGrid2();
    }

      private void BindGrid2()
      {
        String queryString = "SELECT [EmailConfirmed], [UserName], [FirstName], [LastName], [BusinessName], [Name] FROM AspNetUsers INNER JOIN AspNetRoles ON AspNetUsers.Id = AspNetRoles.Id INNER JOIN AspNetUserRoles ON AspNetUsers.Id = AspNetUserRoles.UserId AND AspNetRoles.Id = AspNetUserRoles.RoleId";
        DataSet ds = GetData(queryString);
        if (ds.Tables.Count > 0)
        {
          GridView2.DataSource = ds;
          GridView2.DataBind();
        }
        else
        {
          Response.Write("Unable to conenct to the database");
        }

      }

      DataSet GetData(String queryString)
      {
        //Retrive the connection string in the web.config file.
        String connectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["DefaultConnection"].ConnectionString;

        DataSet ds = new DataSet();

        try
        {
          // Connect to the database and run query.
          SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
          SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(queryString, connection);

          //Fill the dataSet.
          adapter.Fill(ds);
        }
        catch(System.Exception ex)
        {
          // The connection failed. Display an error message.
          Response.Write("Unable to connect to the database.");
          Response.Write(ex.Message);
        }
        return ds;
      }
   }
}

A: Please remove your code-behind database calls. You are already populating the gridview from the ASPX page's SQL data source.
ASPX:
<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" DataKeyNames="Id" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1">
  <Columns>
      <asp:BoundField DataField="Id" HeaderText="Id" ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="Id" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="Email" HeaderText="Email" SortExpression="Email" />
      <asp:CheckBoxField DataField="EmailConfirmed" HeaderText="EmailConfirmed" SortExpression="EmailConfirmed" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="PasswordHash" HeaderText="PasswordHash" SortExpression="PasswordHash" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="SecurityStamp" HeaderText="SecurityStamp" SortExpression="SecurityStamp" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="PhoneNumber" HeaderText="PhoneNumber" SortExpression="PhoneNumber" />
      <asp:CheckBoxField DataField="PhoneNumberConfirmed" HeaderText="PhoneNumberConfirmed" SortExpression="PhoneNumberConfirmed" />
      <asp:CheckBoxField DataField="TwoFactorEnabled" HeaderText="TwoFactorEnabled" SortExpression="TwoFactorEnabled" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="LockoutEndDateUtc" HeaderText="LockoutEndDateUtc" SortExpression="LockoutEndDateUtc" />
      <asp:CheckBoxField DataField="LockoutEnabled" HeaderText="LockoutEnabled" SortExpression="LockoutEnabled" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="AccessFailedCount" HeaderText="AccessFailedCount" SortExpression="AccessFailedCount" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="UserName" HeaderText="UserName" SortExpression="UserName" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="TrialExpiration" HeaderText="TrialExpiration" SortExpression="TrialExpiration" />
      <asp:BoundField DataField="Name" HeaderText="Name" SortExpression="Name" />
  </Columns>
</asp:GridView>

<asp:SqlDataSource runat="server" ID="SqlDataSource1"
ConnectionString='......' SelectCommand="SELECT AspNetUsers.EmailConfirmed, AspNetUser.UserName, AspNetUsers.FirstName, AspNetUsers.LastName, AspNetUsers.BusinessName, AspNetRoles.Name FROM AspNetUsers LEFT OUTER JOIN AspNetUserRoles ON AspNetUsers.Id = AspNetUserRoles.UserId LEFT OUTER JOIN AspNetRoles ON AspNetRoles.Id = AspNetUserRoles.RoleId"></asp:SqlDataSource>

C# code-behind:
public partial class _Default : Page
{
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (!IsPostBack)
        {
        }
    }
}

A: Did you forget to open the connection?
 using(SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
 {
      connection.Open();
      SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(queryString, connection);

      //Fill the dataSet.
      adapter.Fill(ds);
 }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Environment, Parks and Water Security
Katherine Water Advisory Committee
Katherine Water Advisory Committee: Terms of reference
Purpose of the committee
The Katherine Water Advisory Committee has been formed by the Minister for Environment and Natural Resources (the Minister) to improve the effective implementation of the plan over its remaining lifetime.
The committee will discuss matters such as:
water resource investigations
monitoring programs
water trading and 'use it or lose it' policies as well as general licence holder compliance issues.
In addition, the committee will provide a point of contact and exchange for stakeholder concerns and interests in the sustainable use and conservation of the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine.
Expand all | Close all
Statutory effect
Section 23 of the Water Act 1992 authorises the Minister to establish, and appoint the members of, a Water Advisory Committee
The committee will:
bring a diversity of skills, perspectives and opinions to bear on water management in the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine, and in the Katherine River catchment more broadly as is relevant to management of the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine
actively and openly participate in the development of the implementation strategy for the water allocation plan for the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine
actively and openly participate in the development of a new water allocation plan for the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine that will replace the current declared plan when it expires in 2019
identify, discuss and make recommendations to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (the department) on matters regarding the assessment, management and use of water from the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine
share information about the water allocation planning process and plan implementation with the community and seek their values and interests, ensuring these are communicated back to the department
participate in the delivery of water management strategies for the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine that are consistent with the requirements of the Water Act 1992 and, as far as practicable, the National Water Initiative
consider any other matters referred to it by the Minister or the Department of Environment and Natural Resources.
The role of the committee is to identify issues, critically evaluate information and to offer suggestions for implementation of the Plan that support the potential beneficial uses and maximise opportunities for ecological sustainable development in the region
Composition of the committee
Members of the committee and chairperson are to be appointed by the Minister from nominations received during the expressions of interest process. In addition to the chairperson, the committee will have a minimum of ten members appointed by the Minister.
The members selected by the Minister will ensure that a diversity of representation is achieved and that all beneficial uses are represented as far as is practicable.
Beneficial uses include:
Public Water Supply
Rural Stock and
Domestic.
Nomination and appointment process
Nominations for the Katherine Water Advisory Committee will be sought through advertisements in the NT News, the Katherine Times and the NT Rural Weekly.
Key stakeholders and organisations may also be invited to nominate a representative. Nominations will be by expression of interest.
Expressions of interest will demonstrate the contribution that the nominee can make to the committee, including but not limited to:
their interest in the implementation of the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine Water Allocation Plan and commitment to the sustainable growth of the Territory economy
recognised experience and knowledge in appropriate areas pertaining to:
water use and planning
pastoral enterprise
irrigated agriculture
community interests
water engineering and water management
Aboriginal enterprise and
Aboriginal cultural values
demonstrated ability to work with a diverse group of people with a range of values, interests, backgrounds and expertise
ability to be representative of a stakeholder group and disseminate information to constituents (if possible, nominees should provide a letter of support or other evidence demonstrating that they are representative of a stakeholder group)
outline any potential or perceived conflicts of interest.
The membership of the committee will be for the period up until declaration of a new Water Allocation Plan for the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine, following its expiry in 2019.
Members who do not attend three consecutive meetings may have their membership reviewed.
Upon declaration of the new plan, the committee may be retained to advise on its implementation. Review of the terms of reference for the committee may be undertaken at this stage.
Operating arrangements
Members shall declare conflicts of interest and inform the chairperson immediately if a matter comes before the committee that may have a personal financial or other substantial personal interest. Should the committee request it, the member shall abstain from discussion about the affected matter.
Meetings will be held as often as necessary to conduct the business of the committee. It is envisaged meetings will be held twice per year during implementation phase of the plan and that more frequent meetings may be required during the development of the new plan.
Members may nominate to the chairperson an alternate to attend meetings in his/her place if he/she is unable to attend the whole or part of a meeting. The alternate has the same participating rights as the member for the duration of the meeting.
A quorum in respect of the committee shall comprise half the membership including alternates.
Sitting fees as per the remuneration for statutory bodies schedule payable to non- government appointees will apply.
Role of the chairperson
The chairperson is the primary media spokesperson for the committee.
The chairperson will advise members of their roles and obligations as members of the committee and will conduct meetings to foster effective consideration of issues referred to or raised by the committee, and which represent the diversity of views in the committee.
The chairperson will be responsible for settling meeting dates and agendas for meetings.
The chairperson will ensure accurate reporting of the advice and recommendations of the committee is provided to the department.
In the event that the chairperson is not able to attend a meeting he/she shall nominate an alternate chairperson, or if this is not possible, the committee shall elect a chairperson from those members present for that meeting.
Role of the Department of the Environment and Natural Resources
The Water Resources Division of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (the department) will provide secretariat support to the committee and will organise meetings, prepare agendas and record minutes.
The Water Resources Division will provide staff and resources to equip the committee with knowledge and information to assist the committee to develop its advice and recommendations. The role of Water Resources Division staff in supporting the committee is to:
provide a draft Implementation Strategy for consideration by the committee including identifying gaps in knowledge and information and ways of filling those gaps, including through enhanced monitoring systems, and through seeking expertise outside of government
provide relevant technical information and analysis and ensure that it is presented in forms accessible to all members of the committee
report on progress against milestones of the Implementation Strategy
provide information and document a process to develop a new plan to replace the current plan upon its expiry in 2019
assist in framing advice and recommendations from the committee.
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text:
Ольга Андреевна Флоренская (1960, Ленинград) — художница-живописец, поэтесса, режиссёр.

Биография
Ольга Флоренская родилась в Ленинграде в 1960 году. В 1982 году окончила Ленинградское Высшее художественно-промышленное училище имени Мухиной. Занималась керамикой. Стала известной благодаря своим панно из тканей на морские и библейские темы. Поэтесса, автор-исполнительница «Прощальной песни», вошедшей в альбом «Митьковская тишина». Член-организатор группы художников «Митьки» (1985). В 1990 г. вместе с мужем Александром Флоренским проходила стажировку в Institut des hautes études en art plastiques (директор — Понтюс Хюльтен).

Режиссёр и художница мультфильма по собственной сказке «Чудо из чудес». Соавтор полнометражного анимационного фильма «Митькимайер» (1992). Принимала участие во многих международных кинофестивалях (1993—1999).

Автор постоянно расширяющегося проекта «Психология Бытового Шрифта». Организатор книжного издательства «Митькилибрис» (1994). С 1995 года работает над крупномасштабными проектами совместно с Александром Флоренским («Движение в сторону йые», «Русский патент», «Передвижной бестиарий»).

В 2007 году участвовала в выставке «Сделано в СССР — после СССР» (Санкт-Петербург, Галерея «Белка и Стрелка»).

Живёт и работает в Санкт-Петербурге.

Входит в Общество любителей живописи и рисования.

Документальное кино
 «Мир анимации или анимации мира» (2001).
 «Бесшабашные таланты» Натальи Лукиных: «О & А Флоренские — семейная фабрика искусств»

Работы в музейных собраниях
 Государственный Русский музей (Санкт-Петербург);
 Государственная Третьяковская галерея (Москва);
 Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина (Москва);
 Государственный Центр современного искусства, Москва
 Киасма;
 Сити Арт Музеум (Хельсинки);
 Частные коллекции

Библиография
 Харшак М., Флоренская О., Гулитов Ю., Молодковец Ю., Шагапов О. От психологии бытового шрифта к графической археологии. — СПб: Littera Scripta, 2006. — 160 с.
 Флоренская О. Психология бытового шрифта. — СПб: Красный матрос, 2001. — 56 с — ISBN 5-7187-0310-8.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Ольга Флоренская на Gif.Ru
 Ольга Флоренская на сайте издательства Красный матрос
 Книга О. Флоренской «Психология бытового шрифта»
 От психологии бытового шрифта к графической археологии
 Ольга Флоренская на Animator.ru

Митьки
Художники России XX века
Графики России
Современные художники России
Художники Санкт-Петербурга
Мультипликаторы России


text:
Q: Select not working - options not appearing on click I created a select tag using materialize CSS. creating options for this select tag dynamically. retrieve data from firebase then create the options.
but options are not displayed when I click on the select tag. but when I go to inspect it will display those options are in the select tag.
how to solve this
this is how 'chrome inspect' and the result looks like
this is HTML the part
<!DOCTYPE html>

  <link
    rel="stylesheet"
    href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/materialize/1.0.0/css/materialize.min.css"
  />

  <link
    href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons"
    rel="stylesheet"
  />

    <title></title>

Create schedule

    <select id="doctors"  onchange="myFunction()">
      <option value="0" disabled selected>Choose your option</option>
    </select>
    Materialize Select

     //external js file

external js file (doctor_scheduler_JS.js)
const auth = firebase.auth();
const db = firebase.firestore();

var doctorsnames=[];
var doctorsuids=[];

const dropdown = document.getElementById("doctors");
const option1 = document.createElement("option");

db.collection("doctors")
    .get()
    .then(function(querySnapshot) {

        querySnapshot.forEach(function(doc) {
            // doc.data() is never undefined for query doc snapshots
            console.log(doc.id, " => ", doc.data());
           // var js = JSON.stringify(doc.data());
           // document.getElementById("container25").innerHTML = js;
            doctorsnames.push(doc.data().Name.fullname);

            doctorsuids.push(doc.id);

        });
        SetDropDown();

    })
    .catch(function(error) {
        console.log("Error getting documents: ", error);
    });

    function SetDropDown(){

      var loop = 0;

      doctorsnames.forEach(k=>{
        //feildcotorsnames +=k + "
";

        var option1 = document.createElement("option");
        option1.value =doctorsuids[loop];
        option1.innerHTML =k;
        dropdown.appendChild(option1);
        loop++;
      });

      document.getElementById("container25").innerHTML = doctorsuids;

    }

    var show = ["india","pakisthan","usa","uk"];
    var values = ["3","4","5","6"];

    var j=0;
    show.forEach(i=>{

        const option1 = document.createElement("option");
            option1.value =values[j];
            option1.innerHTML =i;
            dropdown.appendChild(option1);
            j++;

    });

A: The problem lies in this section of your code
$.ajax({
        url: 'upload.php', // point to server-side PHP script
        data: form_data,
        type: 'post',
        success: function(data){
            console.log(data); // display response from the PHP script, if any
        }
     });

Add these parameter to your ajax call
    $.ajax({
        url: 'upload.php', // point to server-side PHP script
        data: form_data,
        enctype: 'multipart/form-data',
        type: 'post',
        processData: false,
        contentType: false,
        success: function(data){
            console.log(data); // display response from the PHP script, if any
        }
     });

Refer to Jquery documentation here https://api.jquery.com/jQuery.ajax/
processData

By default, data passed in to the data option as an object
  (technically, anything other than a string) will be processed and
  transformed into a query string, fitting to the default content-type
  "application/x-www-form-urlencoded". If you want to send a
  DOMDocument, or other non-processed data

A: Just add a form with enctype="multipart/form-data" in it then use that form in your form data


text:
An Arsonist Is On The Loose In Montreal
A fire this morning is unusually similar to one last year.
Arson and firebombings are unusually frequent in Montreal. The city even has a map detailing all the sites in the city that have seen firebomb explosions.
ALSO READ: Montreal Salaries Are The Third Lowest In The Country
Fortunately, the crimes rarely involve casualties and usually constitute warnings from organized crime gangs or simply angry patrons. But it's especially unnerving when there's no apparent motive at all.
That's the case today in Montreal North, where four cars in a parking lot were set ablaze in the early morning. No one was injured, but the cars are beyond hope for repair.
Police have yet to identify a suspect, but residue from lighter fluid prove this was no accident.
But while authorities have not disclosed a possible motive, the fire is similar to one that occured in the borough of St-Henri last year. That arson was the design of ant-gentrification groups in the neighbourhood.
As prices soar and condos rise in the South-West, poorer residents suddenly find themselves unable to live in their own homes. Some extremists took the matter into their own hands to scare away wealthier people coming into the area.
The Montreal North crime this morning is almost identitical in appearance, though any relation in motive is only speculation. The northern part of the island, historically the cheaper side of the city, has also seen prices creep up in recent years.
Stay tuned for updates.