text:
Presidential Proclamation -- Establishment of the Gold Butte National Monument
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GOLD BUTTE NATIONAL MONUMENT
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION
In southeast Nevada lies a landscape of contrast and transition, where dramatically chiseled red sandstone, twisting canyons, and tree-clad mountains punctuate flat stretches of the Mojave Desert. This remote and rugged desert landscape is known as Gold Butte.
The Gold Butte area contains an extraordinary variety of diverse and irreplaceable scientific, historic, and prehistoric resources, including vital plant and wildlife habitat, significant geological formations, rare fossils, important sites from the history of Native Americans, and remnants of our Western mining and ranching heritage. The landscape reveals a story of thousands of years of human interaction with this harsh environment and provides a rare glimpse into the lives of Nevada's first inhabitants, the rich and varied indigenous cultures that followed, and the eventual arrival of Euro-American settlers. Canyons and intricate rock formations are a stunning backdrop to the area's famously beautiful rock art, and the desert provides critical habitat for the threatened Mojave desert tortoise.
Gold Butte's dynamic environment has provided food and shelter to humans for at least 12,000 years. Remnants of massive agave roasting pits, charred remains of goosefoot and pinyon pine nuts, bone fragments, and projectile points used to hunt big horn sheep and smaller game serve as evidence of the remarkable abilities of indigenous communities to eke out sustenance from this unforgiving landscape. Visitors to Gold Butte can still see ancient rock shelters and hearth remnants concealed in the area's dramatic Aztec Sandstone formations. This brightly hued sandstone is the canvas for the area's spectacular array of rock art, depicting human figures, animals, and swirling abstract designs at locations like the famed Falling Man petroglyph site and Kohta Circus. Pottery sherds and other archaeological artifacts scattered throughout the landscape reveal the area's role as a corridor for the interregional trade of pottery, salt, and rare minerals. These world-renowned archaeological sites and objects are helping scientists to better understand interactions between ancient cultural groups.
By the time Spanish explorers arrived in the region in the late eighteenth century, the Gold Butte area was home to the Southern Paiute people, who to this day, retain a spiritual and cultural connection with the land and use it for traditional purposes such as ceremonies and plant harvesting. Hunters and settlers of European descent followed the explorers, and, by 1865, Mormon pioneers had built settlements in the region.
These newcomers grazed livestock and explored Gold Butte's unique geology in pursuit of mining riches. Their activities left behind historic sites and objects that tell the story of the American West, including the Gold Butte townsite, a mining boomtown established in the early 1900s, but mostly abandoned by 1910. Several building foundations and arrastas -- large flat rocks used for crushing ore -- remain at the townsite today. Settlers built corrals out of wood or stone, some of which are still standing in the Gold Butte area, including one near the Gold Butte townsite and one at Horse Springs, along the Gold Butte Scenic Byway. In the 1930s, the Civilian Conservation Corps was put to work in the area, leaving behind a variety of historic features including a dam and remnants of a camp in the Whitney Pockets area, in the northeastern region of Gold Butte.
The Gold Butte landscape that visitors experience today is the product of millions of years of heat and pressure as well as the eroding forces of water and wind that molded this vast and surreal desert terrain. Rising up from the Virgin River to an elevation of almost 8,000 feet, the Virgin Mountains delineate the area's northeast corner and provide a stunning backdrop for the rugged gray and red desert of the lower elevations. Faulted carbonate and silicate rock form the ridges and peaks of this range, which are regularly snow-covered in winter and spring, while the southern region of Gold Butte is laced with a series of wide granitic ridges and narrow canyons. These broad landscape features are dotted with fantastical geologic formations, including vividly hued Aztec Sandstone twisted into otherworldly shapes by wind and water, as well as pale, desolate granitic domes. An actively-expanding 1,200 square-meter sinkhole known as the Devil's Throat has been the subject of multiple scientific studies that have enhanced our understanding of sinkhole formation.
The Gold Butte landscape is a mosaic of braided and shallow washes that flow into the Virgin River to the north and directly into Lake Mead on the south and west. Several natural springs provide important water sources for the plants and animals living here. The arid eastern Mojave Desert landscape that dominates the area is characterized by the creosote bush and white bursage vegetative community that covers large, open expanses scattered with low shrubs. Blackbrush scrub, a slow-growing species that can live up to 400 years, is abundant in middle elevations. Both creosote-bursage and blackbrush scrub vegetation communities can take decades or even centuries to recover from disturbances due to the long-lived nature of the plant species in these vegetative communities and the area's low rainfall. These vegetation communities are impacted by human uses, invasive species, wildfires, and changing climates. Gypsum deposits are a distinctive aspect of the Mojave Desert ecosystem and result in soil that contains physical and chemical properties that stress many plants, but also support endemic and rare species. For example, the sticky ringstem, Las Vegas buckwheat, and Las Vegas bearpoppy are unique plants that rely on gypsum soil; the populations in Gold Butte are some of only a handful of isolated populations of these species left in the world. Other rare plants in Gold Butte include the threecorner milkvetch and sticky wild buckwheat, which are sand-dependent species, as well as the Rosy two-tone beardtongue and the Mokiak milkvetch. Scattered stands of Joshua trees, an emblem of the Mojave Desert, dot the landscape along with Mojave yucca, cacti species, and chaparral species, among others.
The often snowcapped peaks of the Virgin Mountains in the northeastern corner of Gold Butte stand in stark contrast to the desolate desert landscapes found elsewhere in the area. Due to their elevation of almost 8,000 feet, these mountains exhibit a transition between ecosystems in the southwest. At the highest points of the Virgin Mountains, visitors can hike through Ponderosa pine and white fir forests, and visit the southernmost stand of Douglas fir in Nevada. In this area, visitors are also treated to a rare sight: the Silver State's only stand of the Arizona cypress. The lower to middle elevations of the area are home to stands of pinyon pine, Utah juniper, sagebrush, and acacia woodlands, along with occasional mesquite stands. By adding structural complexity to a shrub-dominated landscape, these woodlands provide important breeding, foraging, and resting places for a variety of creatures, including birds and insects, and support a number of plant species.
Gold Butte also provides habitat for a number of wildlife species. It has been designated as critical habitat for the Mojave desert tortoise, which is listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. These slow-footed symbols of the American Southwest rely on the creosote-bursage ecosystem that is widespread here. A generally reclusive reptile, the Mojave desert tortoise uses the protective cover of underground burrows to escape extreme desert conditions and as shelter from predators.
Other amphibians and reptiles also make their homes in Gold Butte. For example, once considered extinct and now a candidate species for listing under the Endangered Species Act, the relict leopard frog has been released into spring sites in the area in a collaborative effort by local, State, and Federal entities to help revive this still very small population. The banded Gila monster, the only venomous lizard in the United States, has also been recorded in Gold Butte. Many other reptile species -- including the banded gecko, California kingsnake, desert iguana, desert night lizard, glossy snake, Great Basin collared lizard, Mojave green rattlesnake, sidewinder, Sonoran lyre snake, southern desert horned lizard, speckled rattlesnake, western leaf-nosed snake, western long-nosed snake, and western red-tailed skink -- also have populations or potential habitats in the area.
The Gold Butte area serves as an effective corridor between Lake Mead and the Virgin Mountains for large mammals, including desert bighorn sheep and mountain lions. Smaller mammals in Gold Butte include white-tailed antelope squirrel, desert kangaroo rat, and the desert pocket mouse. Several species of bat, including the Pallid bat, Allen's big-eared bat, western pipistrelle bat, and the Brazilian free-tailed bat, are also found here, as well as the northern Mojave blue butterfly.
Bald and golden eagles, red-tailed and Cooper's hawks, peregrine falcons, and white-throated swifts soar above Gold Butte. Closer to the ground, one can spot a variety of birds, including the western burrowing owl, common poorwill, Costa's hummingbird, pinyon jay, Bendire's thrasher, Virginia's warbler, Lucy's warbler, black-chinned sparrow, and gray vireo. Migratory birds, including the Calliope hummingbird, gray flycatcher, sage sparrow, lesser nighthawk, ash-throated flycatcher, and the Brewer's sparrow, also make stop-overs in the area. These birds, and a variety of other avian species, use the diversity of habitats in the area to meet many of their seasonal, migratory, or year-round life cycle needs.
In addition to providing homes to modern species of plants and wildlife, the area shows great potential for continued paleontological research, with resources such as recently discovered dinosaur tracks dating back to the Jurassic Period. These fossil trackways were found in Gold Butte's distinctive Aztec Sandstone and also include prints from squirrel-sized reptilian ancestors of mammals.
The protection of the Gold Butte area will preserve its cultural, prehistoric, and historic legacy and maintain its diverse array of natural and scientific resources, ensuring that the historic and scientific values of this area, and its many objects of historic and of scientific interest, remain for the benefit of all Americans.
WHEREAS, section 320301 of title 54, United States Code (known as the "Antiquities Act"), authorizes the President, in his discretion, to declare by public proclamation historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest that are situated upon the lands owned or controlled by the Federal Government to be national monuments, and to reserve as a part thereof parcels of land, the limits of which in all cases shall be confined to the smallest area compatible with the proper care and management of the objects to be protected;
WHEREAS, it is in the public interest to preserve the objects of scientific and historic interest on the Gold Butte lands;
NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by the authority vested in me by section 320301 of title 54, United States Code, hereby proclaim the objects identified above that are situated upon lands and interests in lands owned or controlled by the Federal Government to be the Gold Butte National Monument (monument) and, for the purpose of protecting those objects, reserve as part thereof all lands and interests in lands owned or controlled by the Federal Government within the boundaries described on the accompanying map, which is attached to and forms a part of this proclamation. These reserved Federal lands and interests in lands encompass approximately 296,937 acres. The boundaries described on the accompanying map are confined to the smallest area compatible with the proper care and management of the objects to be protected.
All Federal lands and interests in lands within the boundaries of the monument are hereby appropriated and withdrawn from all forms of entry, location, selection, sale, or other disposition under the public land laws, from location, entry,and patent under the mining laws, and from disposition under all laws relating to mineral and geothermal leasing.
The establishment of the monument is subject to valid existing rights, including valid existing water rights. If the Federal Government subsequently acquires any lands or interests in lands not owned or controlled by the Federal Government within the boundaries described on the accompanying map, such lands and interests in lands shall be reserved as a part of the monument, and objects identified above that are situated upon those lands and interests in lands shall be part of the monument, upon acquisition of ownership or control by the Federal Government.
The Secretary of the Interior (Secretary) shall manage the monument pursuant to applicable legal authorities, which may include the provisions of section 603 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (43 U.S.C. 1782) governing the management of wilderness study areas, to protect the objects identified above. Of the approximately 296,937 acres of Federal lands and interests in lands reserved by this proclamation, approximately 285,158 acres are currently managed by the Secretary through the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and approximately 11,779 are currently managed by the Secretary through the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR). After issuance of this proclamation, the Secretary shall, consistent with applicable legal authorities, transfer administrative jurisdiction of the BOR lands within the boundaries of the monument to the BLM. The Secretary, through the BLM, shall manage lands within the monument that are subject to the administrative jurisdiction of the BLM as a unit of the National Landscape Conservation System.
For purposes of protecting and restoring the objects identified above, the Secretary, through the BLM, shall prepare and maintain a management plan for the monument and shall provide for maximum public involvement in the development of that plan including, but not limited to, consultation with State, tribal, and local governments.
The Secretary shall establish an advisory committee under the Federal Advisory Committee Act, 5 U.S.C. App., to provide information and advice regarding development of the land use plan and management of the monument.
Except for emergency or authorized administrative purposes, motorized vehicle use in the monument shall be permitted only on roads designated as open to such use as of the date of this proclamation, unless the Secretary decides to reroute roads for public safety purposes or to enhance protection of the objects identified above. Non-motorized mechanized vehicle use shall be permitted only on roads and trails, consistent with the care and management of the objects identified above.
Consistent with the care and management of the objects identified above, nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to preclude the renewal or assignment of, or interfere with the operation, maintenance, replacement, modification, or upgrade within the physical authorization boundary of existing flood control, pipeline, and telecommunications facilities, or other water infrastructure, including wildlife water catchments or water district facilities, that are located within the monument. Except as necessary for the care and management of the objects identified above, no new rights-of-way shall be authorized within the monument.
Nothing in this proclamation shall be deemed to enlarge or diminish the rights or jurisdiction of any Indian tribe. The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent permitted by law and in consultation with Indian tribes, ensure the protection of Indian sacred sites and traditional cultural properties in the monument and provide for access by members of Indian tribes for traditional cultural and customary uses, consistent with the American Indian Religious Freedom Act (42 U.S.C. 1996) and Executive Order 13007 of May 24, 1996 (Indian Sacred Sites).
Livestock grazing has not been permitted in the monument area since 1998 and the Secretary shall not issue any new grazing permits or leases on lands within the monument.
Nothing in this proclamation shall be deemed to enlarge or diminish the jurisdiction of the State of Nevada, including its jurisdiction and authority with respect to fish and wildlife management, including hunting and fishing.
Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to preclude the traditional tribal collection of seeds, natural materials, salt, or materials for stone tools in the monument for personal noncommercial use consistent with the care and management of the objects identified above.
Nothing in this proclamation shall preclude low-level overflights of military aircraft, the designation of new units of special use airspace, or the use or establishment of military flight training routes over the lands reserved by this proclamation consistent with the care and management of the objects identified above. Nothing in this proclamation shall preclude air or ground access to existing or new electronic tracking communications sites associated with the special use airspace and military training routes, consistent with the care and management of such objects.
Nothing in this proclamation shall be deemed to revoke any existing withdrawal, reservation, or appropriation; however, the monument shall be the dominant reservation.
Warning is hereby given to all unauthorized persons not to appropriate, injure, destroy, or remove any feature of the monument and not to locate or settle upon any of the lands thereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-eighth day of December, in the year of our Lord two thousand sixteen, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and forty-first.
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The faculty and alumni of our school write the books and journal articles studied by theology students around the country. Explore some of our most recent works.
Dr. John Grabowski Published Essay
John S. Grabowski published an essay, "Signs of Hope and Healing in Theology: A Tale of Two Statements," in Humanae Vitae 50 Years Laters: Embracing God's Viision for Marriage, Love and Life, Theresa Notare, ed. (Washington: CUA Press, 2019), 349-63. The essay contrasts the Catholic Scholars Statement put out by the Winjgaards Institute on September 20, 2016 with a statement of Catholic scholars in support of Humanae vitae introduced at the Catholic University of America the same day. It then offers an overview of various lines of argument put forward in recent magisterial teaching and Catholic theology which support the teaching of the encyclical of St. Paul VI. The chapter was based on a presentation given at the conference on Humanae vitae on CUA's campus in April 2018.
Dr. John and Clare Grabowski Published
Dr. John Grabowski and his wife, Clare, have published Raising Catholic Kids for the Their Vocations (Charlotte, NC TAN Books, 2019). The book looks at the role of parents in forming their children for their vocations--both their baptismal vocation to holiness and their further call to specific states in life. The book draws on scripture and Church teaching as well as our own experience of thirty-three years of parenthood. Topics covered include: welcoming children as gifts, the choice of a name, nurturing the gift of faith, the concept of vocation, the teaching role of parents, the practices of the family as domestic church, and parental surrender of their children to God.
Dr. Robert Miller Published
Dr. Robert Miller has published "Taybeh, Baal-Hazor, and a Failed Hunt for Baal: Archaeological Survey of Tell Asur," Antiguo Oriente 16 (2018): 201-238. This essay presents the results of an archaeological survey undertaken by Dr. Miller, TRS doctoral candidate Rev. Eric Wagner CR, and Catholic U. alumnus William Miller (BA, '16), funded by a research grant-in-aid from the university.
Dr. Charles B. Jones Published
Dr. Charles B. Jones published: "Master Sheng Yen's Pure Land Teachings: Synthesizing the Traditional and the Modern," in Shengyan yanjiu 聖嚴研究 (Studies on Master Sheng Yen), no. 11 (2018), p. 217-241.
Two New Articles by Fr Ford
Fr John Ford recently published two articles: "Father Paul of Graymoor: Preacher of Church Unity" and "Father Paul of Graymoor: Pilgrim of Christian Reunion". Both appeared inEcumenical Trends 44/6 (June 2015).
Msgr McPartlan's Holy Spirit Lecture Published
The ninth annual Holy Spirit Lecture that Msgr Paul McPartlan gave at Duquesne University on 14 November 2014 on the theme of 'An Evangelizing Communion: The Church, the Holy Spirit, and Vatican II' has now been published in booklet form and also at http://www.duq.edu/events/holy-spirit-lecture-and-colloquium/2014.
Dr. Wilhelmus Valkenberg Publishes Book on World Religions
Published by Anselm Academic, World Religions in Dialogue: A Comparative Theological Approach encourages a deep understanding by modeling a way to learn about world religions that moves beyond information into actual encounters with religious others. The book's unique approach includes insider and outsider perspectives of four major non-Christian world religions through dialogue between Christian scholars of these religions, and Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, and Jewish scholars of their own religions. With insider and outsider analysis of sacred text excerpts, glossaries, full-color photographs throughout, and thought-provoking questions for discussion and further research, World Religions in Dialogue is that rare book that models learning from and with religious others rather than just about them.
Dr. Miller Publishes Book on the Psalms for Laypeople
Associate Professor of Old Testament, Dr. Robert Miller OFS, has published the book, The Psalms as Israel's Prayer and Our Own in the Christian Heritage Rediscovered series from Christian World Imprints. This easy to read book brings the insights of biblical scholarship on the Psalter to modern Christian readers in order to enhance the understanding and praying of the Psalms.
Rev. Dr. Heil publishes book on 1 Peter, 2 Peter, and Jude
The subtitle of this book is "Worship Matters." By "worship" is meant not only liturgical worship but also the ethical behavior that complements it for a holistic way of worshiping God. "Matters" refers not only to the "matters" or issues regarding worship in these letters but also the fact that worship "matters" in the sense of making an all-important difference to Christian living, not only for the original audiences of the letters, but equally for their contemporary audience.
Dr. Miller Publishes Article on the Song of Songs in Sacra Scripta
Dr. Robert D. Miller has published his article, "The Song of Songs: A Plea for an Aesthetical Reading," in Sacra Scripta, vol. 10, no. 2 (spring 2013), p. 113-119. In this essay, he calls for a literary reading of the Old Testament book that emphasizes aesthetic engagement with the reader.
Dr. Tarmo Toom and Dr. Chad Pecknold Edit and Contribute to Book Companion
Professors Dr. Chad Pecknold and Dr. Tarmo Toom edited and contributed to the book, T&T Clark Companion to Augustine and Modern Theology (2013). Other contributors from TRS include Dr. Michael Root, Dr. Joshua Benson, Ph.D. Candidate, Jacob Wood and Historical and Systematic alumnus, Will Cohen.
Msgr. McPartlan Publishes Book on Primacy
In close connection with his work as a member of the international Catholic-Orthodox theological dialogue, Msgr Paul McPartlan has written a new book on papal primacy, A Service of Love: Papal Primacy, the Eucharist, and Church Unity, which has just been published by CUA Press. The book presents universal primacy most fundamentally as a service to the unity of the Church which flows from the Eucharist. Arguing both theologically and historically, it formulates a proposal for consideration by Catholics and Orthodox, and by Christians more widely, outlining three roles for the bishop of Rome as universal primate in a reunited Church: moderating disputes, presiding at ecumenical councils, and serving eucharistic communion.
Dr. Jones Publishes Article in Education About Asia
Dr. Charles B. Jones has published his article, "The Wheelwright and the Butcher: Master Zhuang's Recipe for Mindful Living," in Education About Asia, vol. 18, no. 1 (spring 2013), p. 62-64.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Since the default cloud storage you get on signing up is 15 GB (Free), in this article I will describe an easy way to increase Google Drive storage to 30 TB for your personal GDrive account. Presently Google provides free storage space of 15 GB to each regular Google account and 30 GB for Google Applications account.
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text:
package com.google.api.gax.retrying;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import com.google.api.core.BetaApi;
import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;

/**
 * The retry algorithm, which makes decision based either on the thrown exception or the returned
 * response, and the execution time settings of the previous attempt.
 *
 *
This class is thread-safe.
 *
 * @param <ResponseT> response type
 */
public class RetryAlgorithm<ResponseT> {
  private final ResultRetryAlgorithm<ResponseT> resultAlgorithm;
  private final TimedRetryAlgorithm timedAlgorithm;
  private final ResultRetryAlgorithmWithContext<ResponseT> resultAlgorithmWithContext;
  private final TimedRetryAlgorithmWithContext timedAlgorithmWithContext;

  /**
   * Creates a new retry algorithm instance, which uses thrown exception or returned response and
   * timed algorithms to make a decision. The result algorithm has higher priority than the timed
   * algorithm.
   *
   *
Instances that are created using this constructor will ignore the {@link RetryingContext}
   * that is passed in to the retrying methods. Use {@link
   * #RetryAlgorithm(ResultRetryAlgorithmWithContext, TimedRetryAlgorithmWithContext)} to create an
   * instance that will respect the {@link RetryingContext}.
   *
   * @param resultAlgorithm result algorithm to use
   * @param timedAlgorithm timed algorithm to use
   * @deprecated use {@link RetryAlgorithm#RetryAlgorithm(ResultRetryAlgorithmWithContext,
   *     TimedRetryAlgorithmWithContext)} instead
   */
  @Deprecated
  public RetryAlgorithm(
      ResultRetryAlgorithm<ResponseT> resultAlgorithm, TimedRetryAlgorithm timedAlgorithm) {
    this.resultAlgorithm = checkNotNull(resultAlgorithm);
    this.timedAlgorithm = checkNotNull(timedAlgorithm);
    this.resultAlgorithmWithContext = null;
    this.timedAlgorithmWithContext = null;
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new retry algorithm instance, which uses thrown exception or returned response and
   * timed algorithms to make a decision. The result algorithm has higher priority than the timed
   * algorithm.
   *
   * @param resultAlgorithm result algorithm to use
   * @param timedAlgorithm timed algorithm to use
   */
  public RetryAlgorithm(
      ResultRetryAlgorithmWithContext<ResponseT> resultAlgorithm,
      TimedRetryAlgorithmWithContext timedAlgorithm) {
    this.resultAlgorithm = null;
    this.timedAlgorithm = null;
    this.resultAlgorithmWithContext = checkNotNull(resultAlgorithm);
    this.timedAlgorithmWithContext = checkNotNull(timedAlgorithm);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a first attempt {@link TimedAttemptSettings}.
   *
   * @return first attempt settings
   * @deprecated use {@link #createFirstAttempt(RetryingContext)} instead
   */
  @Deprecated
  public TimedAttemptSettings createFirstAttempt() {
    return createFirstAttempt(null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a first attempt {@link TimedAttemptSettings}.
   *
   * @param context the {@link RetryingContext} that can be used to get the initial {@link
   *     RetrySettings}
   * @return first attempt settings
   */
  public TimedAttemptSettings createFirstAttempt(RetryingContext context) {
    if (timedAlgorithmWithContext != null && context != null) {
      return timedAlgorithmWithContext.createFirstAttempt(context);
    }
    return getTimedAlgorithm().createFirstAttempt();
  }

  /**
   * Creates a next attempt {@link TimedAttemptSettings}. This method will return first non-null
   * value, returned by either result or timed retry algorithms in that particular order.
   *
   * @param previousThrowable exception thrown by the previous attempt or null if a result was
   *     returned instead
   * @param previousResponse response returned by the previous attempt or null if an exception was
   *     thrown instead
   * @param previousSettings previous attempt settings
   * @return next attempt settings, can be {@code null}, if no there should be no new attempt
   * @deprecated use {@link #createNextAttempt(RetryingContext, Throwable, Object,
   *     TimedAttemptSettings)} instead
   */
  @Deprecated
  public TimedAttemptSettings createNextAttempt(
      Throwable previousThrowable,
      ResponseT previousResponse,
      TimedAttemptSettings previousSettings) {
    return createNextAttempt(null, previousThrowable, previousResponse, previousSettings);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a next attempt {@link TimedAttemptSettings}. This method will return first non-null
   * value, returned by either result or timed retry algorithms in that particular order.
   *
   * @param context the {@link RetryingContext} that can be used to determine the {@link
   *     RetrySettings} for the next attempt
   * @param previousThrowable exception thrown by the previous attempt or null if a result was
   *     returned instead
   * @param previousResponse response returned by the previous attempt or null if an exception was
   *     thrown instead
   * @param previousSettings previous attempt settings
   * @return next attempt settings, can be {@code null}, if there should be no new attempt
   */
  public TimedAttemptSettings createNextAttempt(
      RetryingContext context,
      Throwable previousThrowable,
      ResponseT previousResponse,
      TimedAttemptSettings previousSettings) {
    // a small optimization that avoids calling relatively heavy methods
    // like timedAlgorithm.createNextAttempt(), when it is not necessary.
    if (!shouldRetryBasedOnResult(context, previousThrowable, previousResponse)) {
      return null;
    }

    TimedAttemptSettings newSettings =
        createNextAttemptBasedOnResult(
            context, previousThrowable, previousResponse, previousSettings);
    if (newSettings == null) {
      newSettings = createNextAttemptBasedOnTiming(context, previousSettings);
    }
    return newSettings;
  }

  private TimedAttemptSettings createNextAttemptBasedOnResult(
      RetryingContext context,
      Throwable previousThrowable,
      ResponseT previousResponse,
      TimedAttemptSettings previousSettings) {
    if (resultAlgorithmWithContext != null && context != null) {
      return resultAlgorithmWithContext.createNextAttempt(
          context, previousThrowable, previousResponse, previousSettings);
    }
    return getResultAlgorithm()
        .createNextAttempt(previousThrowable, previousResponse, previousSettings);
  }

  private TimedAttemptSettings createNextAttemptBasedOnTiming(
      RetryingContext context, TimedAttemptSettings previousSettings) {
    if (timedAlgorithmWithContext != null && context != null) {
      return timedAlgorithmWithContext.createNextAttempt(context, previousSettings);
    }
    return getTimedAlgorithm().createNextAttempt(previousSettings);
  }

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if another attempt should be made, or {@code false} otherwise.
   *
   * @param previousThrowable exception thrown by the previous attempt or null if a result was
   *     returned instead
   * @param previousResponse response returned by the previous attempt or null if an exception was
   *     thrown instead
   * @param nextAttemptSettings attempt settings, which will be used for the next attempt, if
   *     accepted
   * @throws CancellationException if the retrying process should be canceled
   * @return {@code true} if another attempt should be made, or {@code false} otherwise
   * @deprecated use {@link #shouldRetry(RetryingContext, Throwable, Object, TimedAttemptSettings)}
   *     instead
   */
  @Deprecated
  public boolean shouldRetry(
      Throwable previousThrowable,
      ResponseT previousResponse,
      TimedAttemptSettings nextAttemptSettings)
      throws CancellationException {
    return shouldRetry(null, previousThrowable, previousResponse, nextAttemptSettings);
  }

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if another attempt should be made, or {@code false} otherwise.
   *
   * @param context the {@link RetryingContext} that can be used to determine whether another
   *     attempt should be made
   * @param previousThrowable exception thrown by the previous attempt or null if a result was
   *     returned instead
   * @param previousResponse response returned by the previous attempt or null if an exception was
   *     thrown instead
   * @param nextAttemptSettings attempt settings, which will be used for the next attempt, if
   *     accepted
   * @throws CancellationException if the retrying process should be cancelled
   * @return {@code true} if another attempt should be made, or {@code false} otherwise
   */
  public boolean shouldRetry(
      RetryingContext context,
      Throwable previousThrowable,
      ResponseT previousResponse,
      TimedAttemptSettings nextAttemptSettings)
      throws CancellationException {
    return shouldRetryBasedOnResult(context, previousThrowable, previousResponse)
        && shouldRetryBasedOnTiming(context, nextAttemptSettings);
  }

  boolean shouldRetryBasedOnResult(
      RetryingContext context, Throwable previousThrowable, ResponseT previousResponse) {
    if (resultAlgorithmWithContext != null && context != null) {
      return resultAlgorithmWithContext.shouldRetry(context, previousThrowable, previousResponse);
    }
    return getResultAlgorithm().shouldRetry(previousThrowable, previousResponse);
  }

  private boolean shouldRetryBasedOnTiming(
      RetryingContext context, TimedAttemptSettings nextAttemptSettings) {
    if (nextAttemptSettings == null) {
      return false;
    }
    if (timedAlgorithmWithContext != null && context != null) {
      return timedAlgorithmWithContext.shouldRetry(context, nextAttemptSettings);
    }
    return getTimedAlgorithm().shouldRetry(nextAttemptSettings);
  }

  @BetaApi("Surface for inspecting the a RetryAlgorithm is not yet stable")
  public ResultRetryAlgorithm<ResponseT> getResultAlgorithm() {
    return resultAlgorithmWithContext != null ? resultAlgorithmWithContext : resultAlgorithm;
  }

  @BetaApi("Surface for inspecting the a RetryAlgorithm is not yet stable")
  public TimedRetryAlgorithm getTimedAlgorithm() {
    return timedAlgorithmWithContext != null ? timedAlgorithmWithContext : timedAlgorithm;
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Hypsipetes lucasi ("obibulbyl") är en fågel i familjen bulbyler inom ordningen tättingar. Den betraktas ofta som underart till moluckbulbyl (Hypsipetes longirostris), men har getts artstatus av Birdlife International, IUCN och Clements et al.

Fågeln förekommer på ön Obi i norra Moluckerna. Den placeras i hotkategorin livskraftig.

Noter

Fåglar i australiska regionen
Endemiska fågelarter i Moluckerna
Bulbyler

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


John J. Verrengia, CPA, P.C.
J. Festa Construction Co., Inc.
Peter Lattanzi Insurance Agency, Inc.
Revere League for the Special Needs, Inc.
DePiano & Todisco Adjusters, Inc.
Follow & Favorite Revere Chamber of Commerce on Social Media!


RE: [Problem X] Giving up on AMFP.
It is compatible with controllers, though some drivers have been known to cause issues, but never have I heard of the stuttering issue OP has mentioned. Most of the time, it's just caused a bug with turning left constantly.
Thankyou also for your persistence We now have a possible fix to consider if others have a similar issue!
Ya' know, I DISPISE xbox controllers with a passion but for once...i've NEVER heard of them doing this :S Only bug I can find on it is due to windows 8/10 and a supposed "Check loop" (program can't find the pad XD)...So i'm going to say what most will say and DON'T USE WINDOWS 8/10 XD...there's a REASON 10 got handed out for free, no one wanted it...its horrendous.


When I decided I would intern in Poland last summer through Travelnstudy, I truly had no idea the impact the experience would have on my professional development. As an International Relations major, having professional experience abroad was incredibly important for me and my future career. I travelled to Gdansk, Poland where I was eager to begin working with the European Solidarity Centre. ESC is devoted to civil resistance in post-communist Europe and strengthening democracy, as well as honouring the Polish Solidarity Movement which was impactful throughout all of Europe and the world. Working with the department of culture, I didn't feel like just an ordinary intern. I was part of a team that incorporated me and made me feel like an indispensable member of the ECS family.
During my time at ECS, I organized materials for "Europe with a View to the Future," a multi-day conference with over 150 guests from Europe, Turkey, and the U.S. I transcribed speeches and worked with translated materials to ensure English materials were clear and concise. I was able to utilize my skills in cross-cultural communication, learn about how NGO's and individuals can strengthen democratic institutions, and got a taste for working abroad. My internship with ECS, helped me to get a paid internship back home with NAFSA, which is an association of international educators. Not only did I adore my summer in culturally rich Poland, I feel better equipped to plunge into the Washington, D.C. workforce as an up-and-coming young professionalwith incredibly valuable experiences abroad.
I've never felt more thankful to a program than this one. I had the opportunity to help teach English in Wroclaw and Krynica, Poland. I started out in Wroclaw and fell in love with both the city and the countryside. Also, the people were very passionate about learning English and there was never a dull moment! Afterwards, I went to a summer camp in Krynica that focused mostly on music, theatre and art. I couldn't believe how beautiful the landscape was. It was a bit nerve-racking on the way there because I felt kind of lonely, but after settling down I got to fully enjoy Krynica! The kids were a bit shy at first but after they warmed up to me, they started to speak English more each day! Even kids and teenagers that weren't in the English program wanted to speak English with me. The camp counselors tried to help me any chance they got and even the ones that didn't speak English tried to greet me. The language barrier was a struggle sometimes, but we all connected in other ways. I got to meet so many different people and make many friends. They've even offered to show me around their hometown when I go back! I say "when" because I definitely want to go back to Poland. I love this program because I got to fully immerse myself into a whole other culture and I wouldn't have gotten the chance any other way. It has also helped me with being more courageous. Poland is such a hidden gem and I'm grateful that this program has shown me how aesthetically pleasing it is!
I traveled to Poland for 3 weeks to teach English at a summer camp. I went up a week early and met the camp director and the others teachers and counselors to prepare for camp. Afterwards, we took a bus from Kostrzyn nad Orda to Zakopane. The area was absolutely beautiful; it felt like a fairy tale village. My students were amazing! They were between 10 and 15 years old and they all spoke English very well. They were all so funny and nice, and they taught me some cool Polish phrases. Several of them said how much I helped them, that I was the best teacher they ever had, and that their English was improving just by talking to me. At the end of camp, several of them put their money together and bought me a pair of wool knit slippers 🙂 Things like that are so rare and hard to come by. It makes me feel like I'm doing something very worthwhile and makes me want to continue teaching.


text:
// Copyright 2022 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package com.google.devtools.build.lib.rules.java;

import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.Attribute.attr;
import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.BuildType.LABEL;
import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.BuildType.LABEL_LIST;
import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.Type.STRING_LIST;

import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.Artifact;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.MutableActionGraph.ActionConflictException;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.BaseRuleClasses;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.ConfiguredAspect;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.ConfiguredAspectFactory;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.ConfiguredRuleClassProvider;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.ConfiguredTarget;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.RuleConfiguredTargetBuilder;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.RuleConfiguredTargetFactory;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.RuleContext;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.RuleDefinition;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.RuleDefinitionEnvironment;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.RunfilesProvider;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.actions.SpawnAction;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.config.ExecutionTransitionFactory;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.util.BuildViewTestCase;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.cmdline.Label;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.cmdline.RepositoryName;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.collect.nestedset.NestedSet;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.AspectDefinition;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.AspectParameters;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.NativeAspectClass;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.RuleClass;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.skyframe.ConfiguredTargetAndData;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.testutil.TestRuleClassProvider;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.FileTypeSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;

/** Tests for the actions built by ProguardLibrary. */
@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
public class ProguardLibraryTest extends BuildViewTestCase {

  /** Fake rule for testing {@link ProguardLibrary#collectProguardSpecs()} with all fields. */
  public static final class StandardProguardLibraryRule
      implements RuleDefinition, RuleConfiguredTargetFactory {
    @Override
    public RuleClass build(RuleClass.Builder builder, RuleDefinitionEnvironment env) {
      return builder
          .add(attr("deps", LABEL_LIST).allowedFileTypes(FileTypeSet.NO_FILE))
          .add(attr("exports", LABEL_LIST).allowedFileTypes(FileTypeSet.NO_FILE))
          .add(attr("runtime_deps", LABEL_LIST).allowedFileTypes(FileTypeSet.NO_FILE))
          .add(
              attr("plugins", LABEL_LIST)
                  .cfg(ExecutionTransitionFactory.create())
                  .allowedFileTypes(FileTypeSet.NO_FILE))
          .add(
              attr("exported_plugins", LABEL_LIST)
                  .cfg(ExecutionTransitionFactory.create())
                  .allowedFileTypes(FileTypeSet.NO_FILE))
          .build();
    }

    @Override
    public Metadata getMetadata() {
      return RuleDefinition.Metadata.builder()
          .name("standard_proguard_library")
          .ancestors(BaseRuleClasses.NativeBuildRule.class, ProguardLibraryRule.class)
          .factoryClass(StandardProguardLibraryRule.class)
          .build();
    }

    @Override
    public ConfiguredTarget create(RuleContext ruleContext)
        throws InterruptedException, RuleErrorException, ActionConflictException {
      NestedSet<Artifact> proguardSpecs = new ProguardLibrary(ruleContext).collectProguardSpecs();
      return new RuleConfiguredTargetBuilder(ruleContext)
          .setFilesToBuild(proguardSpecs)
          .addProvider(RunfilesProvider.class, RunfilesProvider.EMPTY)
          .addNativeDeclaredProvider(new ProguardSpecProvider(proguardSpecs))
          .build();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Fake rule for testing {@link ProguardLibrary#collectProguardSpecs()} with custom/absent fields.
   */
  public static final class CustomProguardLibraryRule
      implements RuleDefinition, RuleConfiguredTargetFactory {
    @Override
    public RuleClass build(RuleClass.Builder builder, RuleDefinitionEnvironment env) {
      return builder
          .add(attr("target_libs", LABEL_LIST).allowedFileTypes(FileTypeSet.NO_FILE))
          .add(
              attr("host_libs", LABEL_LIST)
                  .cfg(ExecutionTransitionFactory.create())
                  .allowedFileTypes(FileTypeSet.NO_FILE))
          .add(attr("target_attrs", STRING_LIST))
          .add(attr("host_attrs", STRING_LIST))
          .add(
              attr("$implicit_target", LABEL)
                  .value(Label.parseAbsoluteUnchecked("//test/implicit:implicit_target")))
          .add(
              attr("$implicit_host", LABEL)
                  .cfg(ExecutionTransitionFactory.create())
                  .value(Label.parseAbsoluteUnchecked("//test/implicit:implicit_host")))
          .build();
    }

    @Override
    public Metadata getMetadata() {
      return RuleDefinition.Metadata.builder()
          .name("custom_proguard_library")
          .ancestors(BaseRuleClasses.NativeBuildRule.class, ProguardLibraryRule.class)
          .factoryClass(CustomProguardLibraryRule.class)
          .build();
    }

    @Override
    public ConfiguredTarget create(RuleContext ruleContext)
        throws ActionConflictException, InterruptedException {
      NestedSet<Artifact> proguardSpecs =
          new ProguardLibrary(ruleContext)
              .collectProguardSpecs(
                  new ImmutableSet.Builder<String>()
                      .addAll(ruleContext.attributes().get("target_attrs", STRING_LIST))
                      .addAll(ruleContext.attributes().get("host_attrs", STRING_LIST))
                      .build());

      return new RuleConfiguredTargetBuilder(ruleContext)
          .setFilesToBuild(proguardSpecs)
          .addProvider(RunfilesProvider.class, RunfilesProvider.EMPTY)
          .addNativeDeclaredProvider(new ProguardSpecProvider(proguardSpecs))
          .build();
    }
  }

  /** Fake rule for testing {@link ProguardLibrary#collectProguardSpecs()} with aspect fields. */
  public static final class AspectProguardLibraryRule
      implements RuleDefinition, RuleConfiguredTargetFactory {
    @Override
    public RuleClass build(RuleClass.Builder builder, RuleDefinitionEnvironment env) {
      return builder
          .add(
              attr("deps", LABEL_LIST)
                  .allowedFileTypes(FileTypeSet.NO_FILE)
                  .aspect(PROGUARD_LIBRARY_ASPECT))
          .build();
    }

    @Override
    public Metadata getMetadata() {
      return RuleDefinition.Metadata.builder()
          .name("aspect_proguard_library")
          .ancestors(BaseRuleClasses.NativeBuildRule.class)
          .factoryClass(AspectProguardLibraryRule.class)
          .build();
    }

    @Override
    public ConfiguredTarget create(RuleContext ruleContext)
        throws InterruptedException, RuleErrorException, ActionConflictException {
      NestedSet<Artifact> proguardSpecs = new ProguardLibrary(ruleContext).collectProguardSpecs();

      return new RuleConfiguredTargetBuilder(ruleContext)
          .setFilesToBuild(proguardSpecs)
          .addProvider(RunfilesProvider.EMPTY)
          .addNativeDeclaredProvider(new ProguardSpecProvider(proguardSpecs))
          .build();
    }
  }

  static final class ProguardLibraryAspect extends NativeAspectClass
      implements ConfiguredAspectFactory {
    @Override
    public AspectDefinition getDefinition(AspectParameters params) {
      return new AspectDefinition.Builder(this)
          .add(
              attr("$implicit_target", LABEL)
                  .value(Label.parseAbsoluteUnchecked("//test/implicit:implicit_target")))
          .build();
    }

    @Override
    public ConfiguredAspect create(
        ConfiguredTargetAndData ctadBase,
        RuleContext ruleContext,
        AspectParameters params,
        RepositoryName toolsRepository)
        throws ActionConflictException, InterruptedException {
      NestedSet<Artifact> proguardSpecs =
          new ProguardLibrary(ruleContext)
              .collectProguardSpecs(ImmutableSet.of("$implicit_target"));

      return new ConfiguredAspect.Builder(ruleContext)
          .addNativeDeclaredProvider(new ProguardSpecProvider(proguardSpecs))
          .build();
    }
  }

  public static final ProguardLibraryAspect PROGUARD_LIBRARY_ASPECT = new ProguardLibraryAspect();

  @Before
  public final void createBuildFile() throws Exception {
    scratch.file(
        "test/implicit/BUILD",
        "standard_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'implicit_target',",
        "    proguard_specs = ['implicit_target.cfg'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'implicit_host',",
        "    proguard_specs = ['implicit_host.cfg'])");
  }

  /** Make the test rule class provider understand our rules in addition to the standard ones. */
  @Override
  protected ConfiguredRuleClassProvider createRuleClassProvider() {
    ConfiguredRuleClassProvider.Builder builder =
        new ConfiguredRuleClassProvider.Builder()
            .addRuleDefinition(new StandardProguardLibraryRule())
            .addRuleDefinition(new CustomProguardLibraryRule())
            .addRuleDefinition(new AspectProguardLibraryRule())
            .addNativeAspectClass(PROGUARD_LIBRARY_ASPECT);
    TestRuleClassProvider.addStandardRules(builder);
    return builder.build();
  }

  @Test
  public void testProguardSpecs_outputsAllowlistedVersions() throws Exception {
    scratch.file(
        "test/BUILD",
        "standard_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'lib',",
        "    proguard_specs = ['optimizations.cfg', 'configs.cfg'])");

    ConfiguredTarget target = getConfiguredTarget("//test:lib");

    assertThat(getFilesToBuild(target).toList())
        .containsExactly(
            getBinArtifact("validated_proguard/lib/test/optimizations.cfg_valid", target),
            getBinArtifact("validated_proguard/lib/test/configs.cfg_valid", target));
  }

  @Test
  public void testProguardSpecs_originalConfigSentAsInputToAllowlister() throws Exception {
    scratch.file(
        "test/BUILD",
        "standard_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'lib',",
        "    proguard_specs = ['optimizations.cfg', 'configs.cfg'])");

    ConfiguredTarget target = getConfiguredTarget("//test:lib");
    Artifact output = getBinArtifact("validated_proguard/lib/test/optimizations.cfg_valid", target);
    Artifact source = getFileConfiguredTarget("//test:optimizations.cfg").getArtifact();

    SpawnAction action = getGeneratingSpawnAction(output);

    assertThat(action).isNotNull();
    assertThat(action.getInputs().toList()).contains(source);

    List<String> inputs =
        action.getInputs().toList().stream()
            .map(Artifact::getExecPathString)
            // Strip the bazel-out/CONFIG/ portion of the paths.
            .map(path -> path.replaceFirst(TestConstants.PRODUCT_NAME + "-out/[^/]+/", ""))
            .collect(Collectors.toList());
    List<String> expectedFilesToRun =
        getFilesToRun(getConfiguredTarget(TestConstants.PROGUARD_ALLOWLISTER_TARGET))
            .toList()
            .stream()
            .map(Artifact::getExecPathString)
            // Strip the bazel-out/CONFIG/ portion of the paths.
            .map(path -> path.replaceFirst(TestConstants.PRODUCT_NAME + "-out/[^/]+/", ""))
            .collect(Collectors.toList());
    assertThat(inputs).containsAtLeastElementsIn(expectedFilesToRun);
  }

  @Test
  public void testProguardSpecs_allowlisterPathsPassedAsFlags() throws Exception {
    scratch.file(
        "test/BUILD",
        "standard_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'lib',",
        "    proguard_specs = ['optimizations.cfg', 'configs.cfg'])");

    ConfiguredTarget target = getConfiguredTarget("//test:lib");
    Artifact output = getBinArtifact("validated_proguard/lib/test/optimizations.cfg_valid", target);
    Artifact source = getFileConfiguredTarget("//test:optimizations.cfg").getArtifact();

    SpawnAction action = getGeneratingSpawnAction(output);

    assertContainsSublist(
        action.getArguments(), ImmutableList.of("--path", source.getExecPathString()));
    assertContainsSublist(
        action.getArguments(), ImmutableList.of("--output", output.getExecPathString()));
  }

  @Test
  public void testProguardSpecs_pickedUpFromDependencyAttributes() throws Exception {
    scratch.file(
        "test/BUILD",
        "standard_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'lib',",
        "    deps = [':dep'],",
        "    exports = [':export'],",
        "    runtime_deps = [':runtime'],",
        "    plugins = [':plugin'],",
        "    exported_plugins = [':exported_plugin'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(name = 'dep', proguard_specs = ['dep.cfg'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(name = 'export', proguard_specs = ['export.cfg'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(name = 'runtime', proguard_specs = ['runtime.cfg'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(name = 'plugin', proguard_specs = ['plugin.cfg'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'exported_plugin',",
        "    proguard_specs = ['exported_plugin.cfg']",
        ")");

    ConfiguredTarget target = getConfiguredTarget("//test:lib");
    Artifact validatedDep =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/dep/test/dep.cfg_valid", getConfiguredTarget("//test:dep"));
    Artifact validatedExport =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/export/test/export.cfg_valid",
            getConfiguredTarget("//test:export"));
    Artifact validatedRuntimeDep =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/runtime/test/runtime.cfg_valid",
            getConfiguredTarget("//test:runtime"));
    Artifact validatedPlugin =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/plugin/test/plugin.cfg_valid",
            getDirectPrerequisite(target, "//test:plugin"));
    Artifact validatedExportedPlugin =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/exported_plugin/test/exported_plugin.cfg_valid",
            getDirectPrerequisite(target, "//test:exported_plugin"));

    assertThat(getFilesToBuild(target).toList())
        .containsExactly(
            validatedDep,
            validatedExport,
            validatedRuntimeDep,
            validatedPlugin,
            validatedExportedPlugin);
  }

  @Test
  public void testProguardSpecs_customAttributes() throws Exception {
    scratch.file(
        "test/BUILD",
        "custom_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'lib',",
        "    target_libs = [':target'],",
        "    host_libs = [':host'],",
        "    target_attrs = ['target_libs', '$implicit_target'],",
        "    host_attrs = ['host_libs', '$implicit_host'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(name = 'target', proguard_specs = ['target.cfg'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(name = 'host', proguard_specs = ['host.cfg'])");

    ConfiguredTarget target = getConfiguredTarget("//test:lib");
    Artifact validatedTarget =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/target/test/target.cfg_valid",
            getConfiguredTarget("//test:target"));
    Artifact validatedHost =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/host/test/host.cfg_valid",
            getDirectPrerequisite(target, "//test:host"));
    Artifact validatedImplicitTarget =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/implicit_target/test/implicit/implicit_target.cfg_valid",
            getConfiguredTarget("//test/implicit:implicit_target"));
    Artifact validatedImplicitHost =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/implicit_host/test/implicit/implicit_host.cfg_valid",
            getDirectPrerequisite(target, "//test/implicit:implicit_host"));

    assertThat(getFilesToBuild(target).toList())
        .containsExactly(
            validatedTarget, validatedHost, validatedImplicitTarget, validatedImplicitHost);
  }

  @Test
  public void testProguardSpecs_customAttributes_allowsAttributeMismatch() throws Exception {
    scratch.file(
        "test/BUILD",
        "custom_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'lib',",
        "    target_libs = [':target'],",
        "    host_libs = [':host'],",
        "    target_attrs = ['deps', 'exports', 'runtime_deps'],",
        "    host_attrs = ['plugins', 'exported_plugins'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(name = 'target', proguard_specs = ['target.cfg'])",
        "standard_proguard_library(name = 'host', proguard_specs = ['host.cfg'])");

    // None of the attributes we have were specified, none of the attributes we specified exist.
    assertThat(getFilesToBuild(getConfiguredTarget("//test:lib")).toList()).isEmpty();
  }

  @Test
  public void testProguardSpecs_aspectAttributes_detectedByProguardLibrary() throws Exception {
    scratch.file(
        "test/BUILD",
        "aspect_proguard_library(",
        "    name = 'lib',",
        "    deps = [':child'])",
        "sh_library(name = 'child')");

    ConfiguredTarget target = getConfiguredTarget("//test:lib");

    Artifact validatedImplicitTarget =
        getBinArtifact(
            "validated_proguard/implicit_target/test/implicit/implicit_target.cfg_valid",
            getConfiguredTarget("//test/implicit:implicit_target"));

    // The only thing that should be picked up is the implicit target from the aspect.
    assertThat(getFilesToBuild(target).toList()).containsExactly(validatedImplicitTarget);
  }
}


text:
July 25, 2012 Music, Arts & Culture » Arts
A photographic trifecta
A Cambria gallery showcases the unconventional photos of three California artists
By Ana Korgan
I have a friend, a brilliant fine artist who uses colors I didn't even know existed, who told me one day over tea that he didn't so much care for photography.
PHOTO BY RICARDO RODRIGUEZ
PHOTOGRAPHERS THREE: Central California Museum of Art brings out-of-town artists to SLO County, and vice versa.
"It's too easy," he said. "You just click a button and it's done."
I understand what he was trying to say—that the tabula rasa of the canvas requires finding the subject and coaxing it out. While I appreciate his point, I am inclined to disagree. Yes, photography readily offers up the subject, but unlike the canvas, which allows painters to do whatever they want, the photographer is forced to work within the confines of reality. The subject isn't necessarily going to cooperate for the perfect shot. Where the canvas works for the painter, the photographer plays subordinate to the subject.
The Framing Vision, a photography exhibit at the Allied Arts Center in Cambria, tries to break the conventional conception of photography. Curated by Robert Frear, the show features Steve Dzerigian, Kristopher Stallworth, and Ricardo Rodriguez, three artists whose very different styles all strive to achieve a similar reaction from the viewer, to capture the seemingly ordinary in a way that had yet to be considered. The Framing Vision is an exhibit of the Central California Museum of Art, an organization working to create a network of art institutions throughout the mid-state, and arranging shows that feature up-and-coming Northern and Southern California artists to circulate among those institutions. The Framing Vision is a bold divergence from what the Allied Arts Gallery usually showcases: paintings and crafts by local artists. The museum's mission is to take the work of regional fine artists and bring it to a new demographic, one that ordinarily wouldn't be able to experience it, hence bringing these Central and Southern California artists to SLO County.
Dzerigian's "Sense of Place" is a black-and-white series of earthquake-damaged structures in Guatemala. Describing his process as an "autobiographical experience of the site," the Fresno-based artist shoots the same subject from three perspectives: ascending, approaching, and descending. The ascending images are the most captivating. Dzerigian captures the beauty of crumbling archway and dome stone architecture, featuring this incredible craftsmanship contrasted against the sky and sun-soaked clouds. Humans seem to be preoccupied with terra firma, especially in relation to where we're next going to put our feet, and sometimes we forget the beauty above us. The artistry of the masonry against the heavens is quite striking. The approaching images, with a strong focus on the use of shadows, complement the ascending images and begin to build a sense of place. The descending images, always of Dzerigian's shoes, help round out the series for a strong finish—though alone, they would fall flat.
PHOTO BY STEVE DZERIGAN
Stallworth's "Everywhere/Nowhere" series seeks to find the aesthetically striking in the mundane. Stallworth, who lives in Bakersfield, focuses on color, texture, and geometric elements within commercial and industrial environments. His subjects include a herd of turquoise shopping carts against an azure sky, and a condensed focus of a red brick building roofline with a patch of blue sky, the latter reminiscent of a Piet Mondrian painting. The images are from Tennessee locations, but, as the series' title explains, they're so generic they could be anywhere, and so seemingly lacking in identity and interest it's like they're not really anywhere.
The concept of finding visual stimulation in a world of brick, concrete, and blacktop is eagerly accepted because it has so much potential. While some of Stallworth's images—like that Mondrian-esque piece—really kill, some of the images fall just short of target. Looking at them feels like watching an athlete who undoubtedly has champion potential, but who needs to introduce a little dynamism to his or her training regimen. The artistic component often takes a backseat to the immediate perception of the subject: the viewer notices the industrial before the chromatic and textural.
PHOTO BY KRISTOPHER STALLWORTH
Rodriguez's series, "Re-Frame," features frames in outdoor spaces. He uses software manipulation to create false environments of receding repetition, using a sequence of frames that extend far to the horizon and draw the viewer deep into the image. The Ventura-based Rodriguez asks the viewer to consider each transitioning frame as its own entity, something that requires consideration beyond the initial reaction.
Taken as a whole, the show is a strong tripod upon which the photographic medium can secure itself. Dzerigian revives the majesty of handcrafted architecture that's slowly fading away; Stallworth finds the vibrancy of construction that's intrinsically hard-featured and a permanent fixture in today's landscape; Rodriguez, with most of his frames set in natural landscapes, contrasts both by forcing the viewer to consider the organic through the confines of the frame. Alone, however, each series feels slightly contrived, and throughout each the focus on any individual image is like extracting a single line from a poem or song; in a solitary examination, a component can easily misrepresent the message and power of the whole. Some things require a slight dismissal of the details in order to embrace the bigger project. In The Framing Vision—a depiction of the world as both old and new, natural and constructed—this is precisely the case.
New Times Intern Ana Korgan can be contacted via Arts Editor Anna Weltner at aweltner@newtimesslo.com.
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A new generation for Castle Amber ... and for Dungeons & Dragons
My son Ashar has taken to reading my old Dungeons & Dragons modules for pleasure, and I can vouch that they're still very fun to read after all these decades. Most recently, Ashar finished Castle Amber (Château d'Amberville), which was written by Tom Moldvay (1948-2007) and published in 1981 by TSR.
That striking artwork on the cover is by Erol Otus, who created numerous iconic D&D illustrations during that era. In an interview with RPG.net, Otus described his time with TSR from 1979 to 1981: "This was a dream come true, literally. Painting and drawing D&D illustrations for a living. People were all very nice especially Dave Sutherland. He set me up a place to live on the 2nd floor of the Dragon Magazine offices. It was spartan but I didn't mind at all. It was my first time living away from home so I had nothing to compare it to. Later I was offered a room in a house Lawrence Schick and his wife were renting. That place was a real step up. Totally furnished, including a huge basement with a pool table and a workshop space perfect for painting miniatures. Many evenings were spent painting miniatures."
Ashar really dug the plot of Castle Amber, which features a haunted castle, cursed family members, an emphasis on exploration, plenty of ghoulish monsters and good guidance to help dungeon masters keep the players on track — making the adventure challenging, but not impossible.1 We talked about how one plot twist in the module reminded us of the 1945 Boris Karloff film Isle of the Dead, which we watched recently.
D&D has become a bit of a passion for Ashar during the ongoing pandemic, especially as we spent so much time at home throughout 2020. He loves following the Oxventure D&D campaign, a series of YouTube videos and podcasts put together by some very cool folks in the UK.2 There's a great fandom community around Oxventure that spans multiple digital platforms (Discord, for example), adding plenty of +2 modifiers to the fun and friendship levels.3 Ashar and I are looking forward to watching the season finale of The Orbpocalypse Saga together tomorrow morning on YouTube.
"Old" hobbies like the D&D roleplaying campaigns of the 1970s and 1980s have become hip again, bolstered by the available enhancements of the Digital Age. The Oxventure crew is mentioned in a November 2019 article by The Guardian's Keith Stuart titled "'It's cool now': why Dungeons & Dragons is casting its spell again." In that piece, Stuart cites the importance of the Netflix series Stranger Things in D&D's revival and writes:
"YouTube shows and Twitch livestreams have also played a part. Popular channels such as High Rollers, Critical Role and Oxventure feature funny and engaging players undertaking D&D campaigns over multiple episodes, with participants often dressing up and becoming immersed in their characters. These shows present D&D in an accessible format for young digital natives."4
Meanwhile, I enjoy revisting the highlights of D&D past, such as the module Castle Amber, both for nostalgia's sake and for discussions about what elements of fantasy roleplaying from decades ago continue to resonate with the hobby today. And it's incredibly cool that Ashar finds some of that stuff enjoyable, too.
I'm a fan of James Maliszewski's Grognardia blog, which casts itself as "musings and memories from a lifetime of roleplaying." Maliszewski posted voluminously from 2008 to 2012, then took a long break from the blog until the summer of 2020. I share his enthusiasm for the D&D module T1 The Village of Hommlet. And he's also mostly a fan of Castle Amber, writing this in 2008: "Castle Amber has a phantasmagoric, fever-dream quality to it that still holds up. ... It remains a good example of an approach to fantasy gaming that has largely been lost. ... Some of my most cherished gaming memories center around playing it with my friends."
1. Fun fact: Some of the module's plot was inspired by the weird writings of Clark Ashton Smith.
2. The Oxventure crew: Jane is Prudence, a tiefling warlock with the hots for Cthulhu; Luke is Dob, a half-orc bard armed with soothing lullabies; Ellen is Merilwen, a wood-elf druid with an affinity for animals; Mike is Egbert, a dragon paladin; and Andy is the dread pirate Corazón, a human rogue. All of their exploits are guided by Johnny, the expert dungeon master.
3. Some interesting articles specifically about D&D's surge in popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic:
The Washington Post: "Amid a pandemic and a racial reckoning, 'D&D' finds itself at an inflection point," by Sebastian Modak (July 24, 2020)
Mother Jones: "Plague Comforts: Dungeons & Dragons Is the Real World Now," by Will Peischel (August 28, 2020)
CNBC: "Dungeons & Dragons had its biggest year ever as Covid forced the game off tables and onto the web," by Sarah Whitten (March 13, 2021)
BBC: "Covid-19: 'Dungeons and Dragons got us through lockdown,'" by Gwyndaf Hughes (July 3, 2021)
4. Also along these lines was a short-lived D&D podcast that I enjoyed listening to on commutes, called "Fate and the Fablemaidens." Rather than thriving during the pandemic, however, it seems that this podcast was sadly scuttled by the understandable pressures of COVID-19 on its talented creators. In a series of tweets on July 24, 2020 (five months after its last episode that February), they stated: "Fablemates, it is after great reflection and with heavy hearts that we say we will not be returning to Alinoch. Our lives have changed in unexpected ways since we last recorded. We are not sure of what our future holds right now, but we are so grateful for the journey we have taken with all of you. Truly, this community has been both humbling and transformative. Although our story stops here, we pray it has inspired you to start your own. May you have Fate's whimsy, Wynni's loyalty, Merryweather's dedication, Twyddle's spirit, and Adeena's passion. Thank you for everything."
Labels: Book covers, Illustrations, My family history
100 years ago today in Arizona: "Tombstone town to...
A new generation for Castle Amber ... and for Dung...
Star Wars notepads from the 1970s with Chewbacca a...
Vintage postcard of Seattle's Volunteer Park
Book cover: "Crazy Like a Fox"
1924 "Best Wishes" postcard and a baby with six teeth


I'm excited to bring you the FIRST ever Freedom Feature today! From the response I've already gotten about this series, I know it is going to be a long-lasting favorite, so beneficial, and really, just a fun way to introduce you to some extraordinary people! The celiac and food allergy community never ceases to amaze me. The individuals I've met and have had the honor to interact with is always so uplifting and inspiring. YOU are not alone in your journey. Your body may be fighting you right now, maybe you're struggling with the reality that certain foods can never be in your life again, but once you see that you can live a healthy happy life again, 100% healthy and safe, you will find your freedom! These stories I'll be sharing will show you how it's done. Each unique and each with their own struggles and triumphs, but they've come out the other side, continuing to thrive and survive in their food allergy freedom!
So today, I'm so glad to be introducing you to a longtime celiac blogger friend of mine, Casey Cromwell of Casey the College Celiac! If you're a young celiac like Casey or me, I know you will find Casey's story and spirit truly inspiring!


We use electricity daily, so many of us want to use cleaner versions. But how should we do that? Is it better to install rooftop solar panels or invest in other clean energy sources? The decision will depend on your situation, but this article provides some information to help you make the best decision for you.


Brennan Kitchens is situated in Crowmartin just 2 miles off the N2 (Dublin - Derry route) about half way between Ardee and Carrickmacross, and just 3 miles from the village of Reaghstown and 6 miles from the town of Ardee.
When travelling from Ardee or Carrickmacross turn off at Dooley's Pub in Edmondstown opposite the turn off for Reaghstown. Turn right at the end of the road (Tullakeel). Go straight at the first crossroads (Tully), then take the first turn off to the first left. Brennan Kitchens is then the first entrance on the left.
This website is the property of Brennan Kitchens. No part of this website may be copied, redistributed, republished, or used in any way without the written consent of Brennan Kitchens.
Copyright © 2011 Brennan Kitchens. All Rights Reserved.


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Watch (International) or Listen (UK) to today's match on iFollow
Stevenage fans can follow the action from wherever they are as Boro take on the Saddlers at the Banks's Stadium on Saturday 23rd November at 3pm (GMT)...
UK based supporters can purchase an iFollow Audio Season Pass (£45) to listen to every match throughout the whole 2019/20 season. Full match replays, extended highlights and all interviews also come as part of the package.
A UK Monthly Audio Pass costs £4.49 a month and is valid for 30 days from the date of purchase.
Overseas supporters can WATCH every Stevenage match during the 2019/20 season for £130 or the equivalent of £5 per match. Full match replays, extended highlights and all the pre and post-match interviews also come as part of the package.
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Walsall vs Stevenage on 23 Nov 19


I'm playing Kingdom Hearts Re: Chain of Memories on the Reverse/Rebirth mode with Riku, and it has me super confused. I have tried to Google this and can't find a single thing so if anybody could help I would appreciate it.
When Lexaeus was killed by Riku, Axel and Zexion were seen talking, and Zexion said he had no use for Riku anymore, that he became a nuisance. Axel reminded Zexion that Riku was dangerous to which Zexion replied with a reminder that that wasn't how he did things. Did he mean killing wasn't the way he went about things?
And then what confused me even more, why did Zexion choose to make Riku feel miserable? He tried to make him feel guilty as if it would accomplish something, but what was his purpose? How was he going to get rid of Riku?
Zexion was planning on using Riku against Marluxia, who was trying to gain Sora as a pawn. However, both plans fell apart fast. Zexion wasn't above killing, but he was above doing it in such a direct way like everyone else. Hence the headgames. He wanted to wreck Riku's mind, pretty much, so he would no longer be around.
So what he wanted to do was mess with Riku's mind to make him vulnerable and then kill him?
Essentially. Hell, I wouldn't put it past Zexion to have used the headwrecking as an attempt to kill him. As we learned about Naminé from Marluxia and Larxene, there are ways to kill someone in the heart and mind just like physically.
What do you mean to kill them in the heart and mind? When you brought up Naminé I got a bit confused. Sorry to make this a big deal, but I'm playing all the games in order for the story currently.
I think I understand, had to think about it is all. But now I have heard Zexion say that Riku caused the islands' destruction? He opened the door to darkness? Is this true or more of his tricks? And if it is true, did he really mean the door to darkness, or was it metaphorical? I remember a wooden door in the secret place.
Riku opened the Destiny Islands' door, letting the Heartless in. So Zexion wasn't being metaphorical when saying Riku is responsible for the world's "destruction."
Thank you for answering me, so to sum it up, Zexion wanted to kill Riku in a different way and so he toyed with Riku's mind. Then he shrouded Riku in light and Naminé told him to use both darkness and light because the darkness won't take over as long as he stays strong. So with the darkness he defeated Zexion and that was their interaction. Thank you guys so much, now I understand it all, and since my questions have been answered, how do I close this thread?
P.S. I do have all this correct right?
I think Riku was the one who let the darkness onto the islands, opened the door...He just didn't realise what the consequences were. It was, I think, implied in KH1 too?
I think it might have been implied, I wasn't paying much attention I suppose. Thank you guys. I'm already loving this site, everybody is so nice and willing to help!
Sudden thought. Zexion (back when he was a kid) was the one who suggested the basement laboratory. After which is when Apprentice Xehanort and the others started kidnapping and experimenting on the townsfolk, then the rest of the evil stuff happened.
Takes one to know one after all.
I wonder if maybe Ienzo/Zexion felt responsible for it. And if so, then he parallels Riku which gives an interesting reason why Zexion chose to use Riku's own guilt against him. Takes one to know one after all.
That's a pretty clever thought, although I haven't played BBS and you seem to be heading there with that idea, so I don't know much. I still have a few more games to play before BBS.
He could have probably convinced Riku to destroy himself.
...Crud, I hope I didn't just spoil. I feel like I did.
But to answer, don't worry I wasn't. My theory comes from something in KHII that's a little easy to miss. But since I don't know how much you know I'll shut up about it for now.
No, please don't feel bad. I won't lie, that was a little more than I wanted to know, but it also wasn't too big of a spoiler. In fact I forgot most of what you said already, since I know virtually nothing about that game. It's alright, thanks for being so helpful!
Exactly, but guilt trips can only work for so long.


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Every living create The Idea to maintain itself in a healthy condition. Main to this function is the quality of the foods they eat to achieve this top level of physical necessity. If you purchase organic fruits and organic vegetables you are buying vegetables in which insecticde have not been used. If you are not able to purchase organic fruits and vegetables and have to rely solely on regular fruits and vegetables, supplements should be considered using along with your diet.
Garlic will help in reducing high blood pressure. There are many vitamins on the market today. When you buying vitamins and minerals, make sure that there are no additives such as sugar food coloring, yeast, corn, sugar, salt, preservatives, artificial colors or flavors added.
Very important when decisive what will be the best diets for you. One of the best diets around to be on is a vegan diet. On a vegan diet you will need to ensure that you work on getting enough vitamin D 12 and float especially during pregnancy.
Good health and nutrition requires more than just the intake of these items in quantity. Too much of a good thing can be as bad to good health as a lack of essential elements. To much carbohydrate or fat intake can develop problems of weight gain and its adverse effects on the healthy body.
The importance of vitamins and minerals supplements along with a good healthy diet helps to maintain your health. It can be concentrated even more in processed tomato products like sauce and juice. However, these processed tomato products are also loaded with sugars and salt which can have a detrimental effect on the overall health of the body's system.


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Former NYT Reporter Alex Berenson Rips New Yorker For COVID-19 'Panic Porn'
June 22, 2020 | By Paul Bois | The Daily Wire |
Photo by Desiree Navarro/WireImage
"Former New York Times reporter Alex Berenson scolded The New Yorker this weekend for pushing more COVID-19 "panic porn" with hospitalization numbers the magazine later acknowledged were inaccurate.
As highlighted by Fox News, John Cassidy of The New Yorker published a piece last Friday arguing that parts of "Red America" were headed toward a COVID-19 disaster based on hospitalizations in states that relaxed lockdown measures.
"[In Florida], 12,673 people were hospitalized, compared to the 8,553 a month ago, according to the COVID Tracking Project," reported Cassidy.
Berenson called out Cassidy on Twitter for misrepresenting the numbers because those total hospitalizations go all the way back to March and did not shoot up a full 4,000 in a month.
"It should come as no surprise that the most crucial and scariest fact in this New Yorker piece of panic porn is wrong: [Cassidy] reports that 12,673 people 'are hospitalized' in Florida with [coronavirus], up 4,000 in a month. Nope…" Berenson said. "12,673 HAVE BEEN hospitalized in Florida since hospitalizations began in March. The vast majority of those patients are home now. Florida has never had over ~2,000 people hospitalized with [COVID-19], 3.5% of its total hospital beds. Which presents a slightly different picture."
"Saddest part is that [Cassidy] is generally a good reporter. And ~13,000 hospitalizations would be a big number — almost as many as NY at the peak. But the media is so in love with the disaster narrative, so ready to believe the worst, that that figure raises no eyebrows," he continued.
2/ 12,673 HAVE BEEN hospitalized in Florida since hospitalizations began in March. The vast majority of those patients are home now. Florida has never had over ~2,000 people hospitalized with #Covid, 3.5% of its total hospital beds. Which presents a slightly different picture. pic.twitter.com/POpoAIV9AP
— Alex Berenson (@AlexBerenson) June 21, 2020
On Sunday, thanks to pressure from Berenson, The New Yorker edited the piece to say, "In Florida, 12,673 people have been hospitalized, compared with a cumulative total of 8,553 a month ago, according to the COVID Tracking Project."
A note at the bottom of the article now reads: "A previous version of this piece incorrectly described Florida's hospitalization count."
Berenson scolded the New Yorker for putting the correction at the bottom, "where no one will see it."
"Journalism in 2020 (there is a correction note at the bottom, where no one will see it)…" Berenson tweeted. "Sad part is I'm half-surprised they fixed it at all. Guess they had no choice."
Sad part is I'm half-surprised they fixed it at all. Guess they had no choice.
Alex Berenson has been at the forefront of the battle against the COVID-19 misinformation fear campaign since the lockdowns gripped the nation.
Speaking with Fox Nation in May, Berenson said that the evidence increasingly shows that the COVID-19 projections were based on questionable science that has been proven false.
"The virus appears to be less dangerous than we thought it was a month ago," he told Fox Nation. "The economic devastation and the societal devastation of the lockdowns appear to be greater than even the worst projections were a month ago."
Berenson then argued that politicians and public health officials put themselves in a difficult situation by implementing such harsh measures without having the evidence to back it up.
"What I think is that people took a very, very aggressive action a month ago without necessarily thinking through what the economic or societal consequences were going to be," said Berenson. "Now more and more evidence is coming out that we responded too harshly, that maybe we should have taken smaller steps and seen what happened before we went to the place we went. And it seems to me very, very hard, both for politicians and for the public health establishment, to acknowledge this and to walk us back in a reasonable way."
June 11, 2020 | By Alex Berenson |
"This panic is likely to prove even more embarrassing than previous panics. Here's why: the media is both confused and conflating several different data points in an effort to stir hysteria. (Stop me if you've heard this before.)
2/ So: you've heard positive tests are up in several states. True. The media refers to these as "cases," as if positive tests have clinical significance by themselves. They do not. The vast majority of people with positive tests do not become ill enough to need hospitalization…
3/ Much less intensive care or ventilator support. For people under 50, this is true in the extreme. But the daily age distribution of positive tests is rarely if ever supported…
4/ Second: you've heard overall hospitalizations are up in some states. This is also true. THIS IS A FEATURE, NOT A BUG. Overall hospitalizations are rising because people are returning to hospitals for elective (and in some cases very necessary) surgeries that were postponed…
5/ Now, in some of these states COVID-related hospitalizations have also risen (though they make up a tiny fraction of overall hospitalizations). Scary, right?
No. When people go to the hospital for elective surgeries they are now routinely tested for COVID…
6/ Whether or not they are symptomatic. Hospitals have financial and legal as well as medical incentives to do this. IF THEY ARE POSITIVE, hospitals will report them as COVID patients (since, technically, they are), EVEN IF THEY HAVE NO COVID SYMPTOMS.
7/ This fact accounts for the bizarre disconnect between the fact the number of people going to emergency rooms with influenza-like or COVID-like symptoms is NOT rising (and remains in the low single digits) even in states reporting more hospitalizations…
8/ As well as the fact that fewer hospitalized cases are now progressing to ventilators (I can't swear to this in every state, but it appears to be a trend)…
9/ And the fact that deaths no longer seem to have any relationship to case counts in many states (true even accounting for the fact that deaths lag).
The question you should be asking yourself: why aren't Europe and Asia seeing post-lockdown spikes if this trend is real?
10/ And don't say masks. Masks are not routine in Europe. So either COVID is somehow different post-lockdown in Europe (and different in different states, too)… or this is just one last gasp of panic porn."
COVID-19 turning out to be huge hoax perpetrated by media
← Unnecessary Lockdowns Created Social Turmoil, Global Suffering → Stanford University Scientist-WARNING MARCH 2020: "A fiasco in the making? As the coronavirus pandemic takes hold, we are making decisions without reliable data"


Bill Aspin's Birding Blog 3: Local patch: Greenland White-fronted Goose, Brockholes NR LWT, Lancs - 15th Jan 2012.
Local patch: Greenland White-fronted Goose, Brockholes NR LWT, Lancs - 15th Jan 2012.
What was intended to be a brief call-in at Brockholes to check whether the much needed Egyptian Goose was present was quickly overturned when I noticed a flock of Pink-feet passing over to the north of the site within five seconds of parking the car. A dash to the east bank vantage point saw a good movement of Pink-feet heading west, totalling c734 in eight skeins in a 31 minute period between 10:17-10:48. After this all Pink-foot movement stopped with no more recorded by 12:15. I do wonder how many more had gone over prior to my arrival.
Above & below: Pink-footed Geese.
Just after 11:00, Mike Watson rang, knowing I was at Brockholes, to say he had just had a White-fronted Goose fly SW down the River Ribble further upstream at Ribchester, time of sighting 11:03. At 11:09, I picked up a single 'Grey' Goose heading SW down the valley, and scoped it to see a white blaze on the forehead and an apparently orange bill colour. The bird overflew the site to the north of my position and headed SW over No1 Pit and I rattled off some record shots with the DSLR which clearly showed the bird to be an adult GREENLAND White-fronted Goose!! - What a bonus!


Termites are social insects which reside in large colonies. There are three casts: the reproductive, the workers, and the soldiers. The winged reproductive termites each have a pair of equally-sized long wings that are attached to the last two thoracic segments. The winged reproductive termites are dark brown to almost black and about 3/8 inch long. The soldiers are wingless with white bodies and rectangular yellow-brown heads which are two times longer than their width.
Subterranean termite colonies are usually located in the soil, from which the workers build mud tubes to structural wood where they then feed. Subterranean termite colonies are always connected to the soil and/or close to a moisture source.
A mature queen produces 5,000 to 10,000 eggs per year. A termite queen may live for up to 30 years, and workers as long as five years.


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Sat, January 18, 2020 Edition
For the Land and its People
A Bison Abroad
Fargo Fashion
Fargo Foodie
Humans of NDSU
NoDak Moment
Pinterest Interest
Bison Droppings
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Meghan Arbegast October 17, 2019 No Comments
Early snowstorm
Fargo was among the many regions hit with an early fall blizzard on Oct. 11. According to the Inforum, around 100 motorists had to be rescued off of interstate 94 after it closed due to low visibility and slick road conditions. Along with I-94 closing from Bismarck to Fargo, I-29 was closed from Fargo to the Canadian border and many other secondary highways were shut down, mostly reopening Saturday though travel was still not advised. The early snowfall left Grand Forks with four inches of snow while Fargo got three inches. John Wheeler, WDAY meteorologist, told the Inforum that it's not unusual for North Dakota to have a storm like this in October, though the two to three feet of snow Devil's Lake received may be historic.
Heart hospital in downtown Bismarck
Sanford Health recently unveiled plans for a new state-of-the-art heart hospital that will be adjacent to the existing medical center in downtown Bismarck. The heart hospital will combine the heart services in one location, as reported by KFYR. Sanford has added over 15 providers to the heart team in Bismarck since 2015. The heart hospital will be the first health care system throughout central and western North Dakota that will introduce minimally invasive cardiac procedures. One of these procedures includes transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). According to Dr. Michael LeBeau, the president of Sanford Health in Bismarck, quality outcomes, easy access across North Dakota and advanced technology features were thoroughly worked on over the course of five years.
Fort Worth officer charged with murder
Aaron Y. Dean, a Fort Worth Texas police officer, shot and killed Atatiana Jefferson through her bedroom window on Oct. 12. Dean was charged with murder Oct. 14 and booked to jail without bond. According to the New York Times, Dean resigned earlier that day before the police chief planned to fire him after the growing anger throughout the community. Police were called to Jefferson's house after a concerned neighbor called a non-emergency line because her front and side doors were left open for a while. Dean's body camera captured him shouting to Jefferson to put her hands up while immediately firing one fatal shot. This incident follows Dallas police officer, Amber Guyger's, sentencing to ten years in prison after she shot and killed her unarmed neighbor in his apartment last year.
White orca calf spotted
CNN reported a rare white orca calf named TI'uk was spotted off the coast of Washington on Oct. 14. TI'uk has been followed by researchers and whale watchers since he was first spotted in November of 2018. He has been spotted before in the Salish Sea in north coastal Washington becoming well-known in the community. What makes TI'uk unique is his cloudy grey coloring. Erin Gless, Island Adventures Whale Watching Lead Naturalist, told CNN that it's unusual for orca whales to be anything but black and white which helps camouflage themselves while stalking prey. TI'ku's coloring at first worried researches because they thought it could mean his health was declining, but now a year later, the calf has grown and is visibly gaining weight.
Trump claims China is buying U.S. produce
On Oct. 13, President Donald Trump boasted that China is making large purchases of U.S. agriculture products without showing evidence, as reported by NBC News. Trump announced a partial trade deal on Oct. 11 as part of the tariff deal with Beijing. With his claims came no proof that China is indeed purchasing U.S. farm goods. According to NBC News, the U.S. has planned on raising tariffs on $250 billion of Chinese imports from 25 to 30 percent though Steven Mnuchin, treasury secretary, stated that the increase wouldn't take place on Oct. 11. While the U.S. is China's biggest export market, U.S. purchases of Chinese goods have decreased since the punitive tariffs went into effect over the summer.
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