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Tag Archives: Quentin Sommerville
A BBC terror indoctrination feature highlights longstanding omission
Last month the BBC website published a special feature by Quentin Sommerville and Riam Dalati titled "An education in terror".
"On the streets of Europe, we meet teenage boys trained by IS. Their testimony reveals wide-ranging plans to turn children into killers."
"First came the grooming, then the recruitment and training to create a new army of child jihadists, who might grow into adult militants. The Islamic State's next generation of hate."
"Many armed groups across Africa, the Middle East and South America, have trained children for battle. Recruiting child soldiers is a war crime. But few have refined the process so efficiently as the Islamic State group."
As well as personal stories the feature includes a section with the heading "Curriculum of hate".
"IS not only concentrated its attention on recruits for the battlefield, it reached deeper into society, into the homes, classrooms, and minds of the youngest children. […]
Just like the Hitler Youth movement indoctrinated children to serve the Nazis' 1000-year Reich, IS developed a feeder apparatus to regularly inject new blood into its veins. By the time it took full control of Raqqa in the winter of 2014 and turned it into its de-facto capital, the plan to subvert the education system was set in motion."
Readers learn that ISIS' focus on indoctrination through 'education' began three years ago.
"By July 2014, Mosul had fallen and the caliphate had been declared. The rich Iraqi city, six times bigger than Raqqa, had a lot more to offer in terms of human resources and infrastructure. Now, the Islamic State had both the expertise and the assets to take on the formidable task of drafting its own curriculum from scratch.
"They started in earnest during the fall of 2014, but the Diwan [ministry of education] had been recruiting loyal, ideologically aligned experts all throughout that summer," Yousef, a Moslawi teacher who lived through that phase, told the BBC. […]
The IS curriculum was finally rolled out for the 2015-2016 school year. Children would enrol at the age of five and graduate at 15, shaving four full years off the traditional school life. They would be educated in 12 various disciplines, but these would be steeped in Islamic State's doctrine and its world vision."
This feature – described as a 'resource' in its URL – provides the BBC's audience with information that will enhance their understanding of the ISIS terror group's ideology and methodology. Interestingly though, the same audience has never been provided with such a resource on a comparable system that pre-dates the ISIS curriculum in Raqqa or Mosul.
The BBC did not report on the topic of child soldiers recruited by Hamas during the 2014 conflict. The paramilitary 'summer camps' run by Palestinian factions such as Hamas, Fatah and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad as well as by the PA and PLO have rarely received any BBC coverage. When Lyse Doucet visited a Hamas-run winter camp in Gaza in January 2015, the result was a mere one minute of coverage in her film 'Children of the Gaza War', with Doucet telling viewers that:
Hamas summer camp, Gaza 2016
"Some boys as young as Abdul Rahman [phonetic] take part in this first youth camp organized by Hamas' military wing. It's for men [sic] aged 15 to 21. Some are clearly younger and at the closing ceremony there's younger still. For the outside world it's hard to comprehend why parents would put children in situations like this. Hamas says the camps keep boys off the street and teach values and martial arts for defence. But the young also learn about weapons and hatred: it's what Hamas calls a culture of resistance."
Neither have BBC audiences seen any comprehensive reporting on the issue of the incitement and glorification of terrorism found in Palestinian schoolbooks, official PA radio and TV children's programmes and Hamas' online children's 'magazine'.
So as we see, while the BBC did consider a feature on "the Islamic State's next generation of hate" editorially justifiable, it continues to avoid providing its audiences with information about the very similar indoctrination and abuse of Palestinian children.
By Hadar Sela • Posted in BBC, Omission, Public Purposes	• Tagged 'An education in terror', 'Children of the Gaza War', BBC, BBC News, BBC Online, Child Soldiers, Glorification of terrorism, Hamas, Incitement, ISIS, Lyse Doucet, Palestinian Authority, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, PLO, Quentin Sommerville, Riam Dalati, summer camps, terrorism, textbooks
A BBC story from 2015 resurfaces
Back in August 2015 BBC correspondents in the Middle East Tweeted the following news:
The missing men turned out to be members of Hamas but in its report on the story, the BBC did not clarify that they belonged to the terror group's Izzadin al Qassam Brigades.
"Whilst not stating so outright, like the above tweets this report clearly steers readers towards the impression that the four Hamas men travelling on the Cairo airport bound bus were abducted by members of the ISIS affiliate 'Sinai Province' which operates in Sinai.
"The road from the Rafah border crossing runs through northern Sinai. The most active militant group in the area is an affiliate of the so-called Islamic State.""
However, Hamas soon put out statements claiming that the men had been seized by Egyptian security forces rather than by the Sinai-based ISIS affiliate – which has not since made any mention of them in its statements.
Now that story has taken another turn.
"The Qatar-based Al Jazeera aired on Monday a photo that purports to show two Palestinians allegedly kidnapped by Egypt in the Sinai a year ago, in what could further deteriorate the relations between Hamas and Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi's regime.
The photo was taken from afar reportedly at a security facility in Cairo."
Al Jazeera apparently received the photograph via Hamas but whatever the real story behind it, BBC audiences are still unaware of the developments which have taken place since that one article was published in August 2015. Audience understanding of the related broader topic of the increasingly strained relations between Hamas and Egypt (which has long been both under-reported and inaccurately reported) would obviously be enhanced by some up to date coverage.
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, Omission, Public Purposes	• Tagged BBC, BBC News, BBC Online, Egypt, Gaza Strip, Hamas, Quentin Sommerville, Rushdi Abualouf, Sinai, Wilayat Sinai
BBC's Sinai Hamas kidnapping story tells a partial tale
On August 20th BBC correspondents in the Middle East tweeted the following news:
As was stated in the report which appeared later the same day on the BBC News website's Middle East page under the title "Hamas members seized from bus near Egypt-Gaza border", those "4 Palestinians" later turned out to members of Hamas but the BBC did not clarify that they belong to its Izzadin al Qassam Brigades.
"Masked gunmen have seized four members of the Palestinian Islamic group Hamas from a bus travelling to Cairo from the Gaza Strip, officials have said. […]
The driver was assaulted and the Hamas members captured after their identity documents were checked."
The incident took place during a rare three-day opening of the Rafah crossing by Egypt. The border between Egypt and the Gaza Strip has been mostly closed for the last two years and the last time it was opened was during Ramadan in June 2015. Nevertheless, the photograph used to illustrate this article is laconically captioned "Egypt occasionally opens the Rafah border crossing with Gaza".
However, as the Jerusalem Post's Khaled Abu Toameh reports, Hamas appears to believe otherwise.
"Initial reports claimed that the four – members of Hamas's Izzadin Kassam armed wing – were kidnapped by an extremist Islamist group affiliated with Islamic State.
Sources close to Hamas, however, accused the Egyptian authorities of kidnapping the men, who were among 50 Palestinian passengers who left the Gaza Strip through the Rafah border crossing.
The sources claimed that one of Egypt's security apparatuses was behind the abduction and held its government fully responsible for their safety.
They said that the four Palestinians were kidnapped about 200 meters from the Egyptian side of the Rafah terminal."
Whether this incident turns out to indeed be an operation by the Egyptian security services or an attempt by Sinai-based Jihadists to pressure Hamas due to its recent crackdown on Salafists in the Gaza Strip remains to be seen. Clearly though, BBC audiences cannot be said to have been provided with the full range and depth of information they require to understand this developing story when the corporation continues to employ unhelpful statements such as this one:
"Egypt has previously accused Hamas of supporting militants in the Sinai desert, who seek to topple the Cairo government. Hamas has denied that allegation."
Whilst the issue of the Gaza branch of Hamas' relations with Sinai-based Jihadists is clearly an important component of this story, it continues to be seriously under-reported by the BBC.
BBC News gets round to mentioning some of the missile fire from the Gaza Strip
BBC's Knell amplifies Hamas propaganda, downplays its terror designation
More selective BBC reporting on Middle East Jihadists
Laconic BBC reporting on Egypt's closure of Rafah crossing
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, Omission, Public Purposes	• Tagged BBC, BBC News, BBC Online, Egypt, Gaza Strip, Hamas, Quentin Sommerville, Rafah, Rushdi Abualouf, Sinai, Wilayat Sinai
BBC's Sommerville showcases PIJ rearmament but refrains from asking who supplied the weapons
On February 26th the BBC's Jerusalem Bureau's Quentin Sommerville produced two reports – one written and one filmed – about the Palestinian Islamic Jihad in the Gaza Strip.
The filmed report – first shown on the BBC News television programme 'Impact' – appeared on the BBC News website's Middle East page under the title "Palestinian Islamic Jihad have rearmed and replenished ranks". Sommerville opens the report with the same message as that appearing in the title:
"The threat of war is looming again in Gaza. These are the men of Palestinian Islamic Jihad. Six months since their last battle, they've rearmed and replenished their ranks in expectation of their next confrontation with Israel."
Notably, BBC audiences are not informed at this juncture or at any other point in this report (or in the written article) how the PIJ has been able to rearm or who has supplied those weapons.
Of course the likelihood of any future confrontation between terrorist groups in the Gaza Strip and Israel depends entirely upon the policies chosen by the former: for as long as they elect to refrain from attacking Israeli civilians, there will be no "next confrontation". Sommerville, however, allows one of his masked interviewees to mislead viewers with the inference that Israel is the party initiating the recurrent bouts of conflict.
"We are prepared for any aggression on the Gaza Strip."
A short way into the report Sommerville tells audiences:
"….right by its [Israel's] border…120 mm mortars. There's an ample supply and there's more inside."
However, he refrains from commenting on the fact that the mortar marked 'M48' displayed by the PIJ terrorist he and his crew filmed bears a remarkable resemblance to the Iranian-made 120mm mortars intercepted by the IDF in 2009 aboard the 'Francop' and of course he makes no effort to inquire where and how his hosts obtained their "ample supply".
Iranian-made 120 mm M48 mortar found on the Francop. Photo: MFA
Later on in the report viewers are shown an image of what Sommerville describes as:
"The aftermath of an explosion on Gaza's western border …"
The Gaza Strip's western border is of course the Mediterranean coastline. Apparently just as geographically challenged as his colleague who recently described the Golan Heights as being west of Haifa, Sommerville is actually referring to the southern border of the Gaza Strip – as can be determined from the commentary which follows.
"Egyptian soldiers are piling on the pressure. They're tightening the border and wiping out smuggling tunnels that have been a lifeline to Gaza. Egypt blames militants from here for aiding attacks in the Sinai."
No effort is made to explain to viewers why Egypt makes such statements.
Throughout this report the PIJ are predictably referred to as "militants" and Sommerville informs viewers that:
"They [the PIJ] and Hamas are regarded by the West as terrorists."
Of course there are also non-Western countries which take the same approach – now including Egypt.
In the closing interview with a masked terrorist, viewers are told that the 'achievement' of the PIJ during last summer's conflict was:
"…we challenged the occupier […] we are still able to say no to the occupation."
Sommerville fails to inform BBC audiences of the fact that the Gaza Strip has not been occupied by Israel since August 2005.
In the written version of his report – appearing in the Features & Analysis section of the BBC News website's Middle East page under the headline "Inside Gaza's tunnels, militants get ready for the next war" – Sommerville promotes some of the same themes.
"Viewed as a terrorist group in the West, Islamic Jihad is committed to Israel's destruction."
"Egypt's soldiers move around in armoured vehicles. Border controls have been tightened and they are using explosives to destroy homes and smuggling tunnels that have been a lifeline to Gaza.
Egyptian President Abdul Fattah al-Sisi blames Hamas and others for aiding attacks in the Sinai."
He again makes no effort to correct the inaccurate impressions received by readers from statements made by his interviewees.
"Standing inside, his face hidden, is a fighter, with the nom de guerre, Abu Hamza.
"In the last war we noticed that every moving thing on the surface of the earth was bombed, whether it was ambulances, civilians or fighters walking on the street," he said. [emphasis added]
"Our biggest achievement is that we stood our ground, and we challenged the occupier," said Abu Ibrahim, a commander of their Saraya al-Quds brigade.
"Unlike the whole world, we are still able to say 'no' to them, 'no' to the occupation. We are still able to resist." [emphasis added]
Sommerville continues the practice of promoting casualty figures which have not been independently verified by the BBC.
"The 50-day conflict in Gaza left at least 2,189 Palestinians dead, including more than 1,486 civilians, according to the UN, and 11,000 injured."
His emotive descriptions of the Gaza Strip lack context and no effort is made to clarify to readers that the factor most hindering reconstruction in the Gaza Strip is infighting between Hamas and the Palestinian Authority.
"Large parts of neighbourhoods in Gaza are in ruins, and the Strip is in the midst of a humanitarian crisis which has left many thousands of families homeless.
Six months on, the rubble from the war lies mostly uncleared and there has been little rebuilding." […]
"Gaza is being cornered, more isolated than ever before…"
Sommerville's take-away message in both these reports is that the "next confrontation" between Israel and terrorist organisations in the Gaza Strip is just a matter of time. Whilst that supposition is entirely reasonable, he fails to present BBC audiences with the information they need in order to be able to properly understand why that is the case.
The fact that he refrains from accurately defining the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and Hamas as terrorist organisations, along with his overall failure to clarify to BBC audiences that any future hostilities depend entirely upon the choices made by those groups and his concurrent promotion of myths such as the non-existent "occupation", means that readers and viewers remain none the wiser about the real causes of the war around the corner.
In addition, Sommerville's avoidance of the issue of the PIJ's Iranian backing and the sources of its rearmament mean that a crucial piece of the overall picture is concealed from BBC audiences and hence, what could have been informative journalism is instead disappointingly predictable and superficial, tapping into the same themes recycled by the BBC so many times before.
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau	• Tagged 'Impact', BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, BBC News, BBC Online, BBC television news, Egypt, Gaza Strip, Hamas, Iran, Israel, Operation Protective Edge, PIJ, Quentin Sommerville, terrorism
BBC report on Christmas in Bethlehem amplifies PA political messaging yet again
Attempts to co-opt Christmas for Palestinian political messaging are nothing new and neither is the BBC's collaboration with those public relations campaigns. In previous years we have seen Jon Donnison and Yolande Knell using the occasion of Christmas Eve celebrations in Bethlehem for opportunistic promotion of political messaging. This year coverage of the celebrations was assigned to Quentin Sommerville who managed to produce a reasonable filmed report free of political messaging. The accompanying written article which appeared on the BBC News website's Middle East page, however, was not.
Titled "Christians hold Christmas Eve Mass in Bethlehem", the report was amended no fewer than five times and those changes can be seen here. Just under 40% of that report's word count is devoted to context-free amplification of political statements with descriptions of the religious celebrations themselves barely appearing in the article.
With no background information provided to BBC audiences on the obviously significant context of the political activities of some members of the clergy in the region, the report states:
"In a homily, Latin Patriarch Fouad Twal called on Jews, Muslims and Christians to "live together as equals".
Referring to violence in Gaza and Jerusalem, he said he hoped 2015 "would be better than this difficult year"." […]
"Patriarch Twal, the most senior Roman Catholic cleric in the Holy Land, said the region had become "a land of conflict".
"I hope next year there will be no separation wall and I hope we will have bridges of peace instead," he said, referring to the barrier Israel is building in and around the West Bank, which separates Bethlehem from Jerusalem. Israel says the barrier is necessary to prevent attacks by militants.
"Peace comes from justice and we have a cause which we hope will be solved soon," the Patriarch added." […]
"Patriarch Twal urged Christians not to forget the residents of Gaza, where up to 19,600 families displaced by the 50-day conflict between Israel and Palestinian militants are still in need of medium- and long-term shelter…"
As usual, the proven effectiveness of the anti-terrorist fence is ignored by the BBC – along with the events which brought about its construction – and the reason for its existence presented in the partial language of "Israel says". Readers are not reminded that the summer conflict lamented by the Latin Patriarch was instigated by Hamas or of the obviously relevant issue of continuing Palestinian terrorism against Israeli civilians.
Additionally, the writer of this report saw fit to use it as a hook for the promotion of quotes from the PA Minister for Tourism.
"His sentiment was echoed by Palestinian Tourism Minister Rula Maayah.
"Our message this Christmas is a message of peace like every year, but what we added this year is that all we want from Christmas is justice," the minister said.
"Justice for our people, justice for our case and the right to live like all other people in the world in our independent state without the occupation." "
Readers are not informed that the phrase 'all I want for Christmas is justice" is the official Christmas political campaign slogan chosen this year by Ms. Maayah's department and neither are they told anything about the circumstances of how that quote reached the BBC just in time for its Christmas Eve report from Bethlehem.
Similar messaging was apparent in some of the images chosen to illustrate the report and their captions.
The article also includes the following snippet of unrelated information, echoing the BBC's coverage at the time:
"On Tuesday, Pope Francis – who prayed at the West Bank barrier and called for an end to the "increasingly unacceptable" Palestinian-Israeli conflict when he visited the region in May – sent a message of solidarity to Christians in the Middle East." [emphasis added]
If readers of this article assumed that – as suggested in its title – they were going to learn something about the celebration of the religious festival itself in Bethlehem, they were of course mistaken. Instead, the BBC has once again self-conscripted to the opportunistic exploitation of Christmas for promotion of context-free PA political sloganeering.
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, Impartiality	• Tagged Anti-terrorist fence, BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, BBC News, BBC Online, Bethlehem, Christmas, Palestinian Authority, Quentin Sommerville, Rula Maayah
Missile from Gaza not news for the BBC but Israeli response gets headlines
On the morning of December 19th a missile fired from the Gaza Strip hit the Eshkol region of the Western Negev in the third such incident since the ceasefire in late August which brought the fifty-day summer conflict between Israel and Gaza-based terrorist organisations to a close. Like those previous incidents of missile fire, this one too was not reported by the BBC at the time.
During the night between December 19th and 20th, the Israeli air-force launched a retaliatory strike against a Hamas military installation near Khan Yunis. That event was considered news by the BBC.
With no mention of the obviously crucial context of the preceding missile attack some hours earlier, the BBC World Twitter account informed its 8.22 million followers:
Jerusalem bureau correspondent Quentin Sommerville did inform his 24 thousand followers that the Israeli action came in response to missile fire, whilst taking the opportunity to revive the well-trodden BBC theme of "home-made rockets". There is no evidence to suggest that Sommerville was at the scene of the impact and hence his 'diagnosis' of the missile's nature is apparently based on guess-work. Equally questionable is Sommerville's geography: there is no city called Eshkol: that name refers to a regional council. Nevertheless, that inaccurate information was retweeted by the BBC World Twitter account.
More context-free 'last-first' reporting was seen on the BBC News website's Middle East page on the morning of December 20th where visitors were informed that "Israel launches an air strike on an alleged Hamas site in Gaza, in the first such action since the declaration of a truce in August", but with no mention in the headline or sub-heading of the missile attack several hours beforehand.
That headline leads to an article titled "Israel launches Gaza air strike on 'Hamas target'" which fails to clarify to BBC audiences that this latest missile attack was the third since the end of August.
Readers will note that one of the recommended articles presented on the BBC News website's Middle East page with that article is headed "Gaza: Life amid the rubble" which was discussed here. Whilst the BBC has put much effort in recent months into the production of numerous 'reporter in the rubble' items showcasing the topic of damage to houses and infrastructure in the Gaza Strip (see some additional examples here, here and here), it has refrained from carrying out any reporting whatsoever on the subject of Hamas' reconstruction of its military infrastructure, including cross-border tunnels and missile capabilities.
Once again licence fee-payers relying on the BBC to meet its half of the bargain by providing them with reporting which will enhance their understanding of international issues are being sold short. Nowhere is that more apparent than in the corporation's continuing policies of 'last-first' reporting and framing by omission.
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, Impartiality, Omission, Public Purposes	• Tagged 'Last-first' reporting, BBC, BBC News, BBC Online, Eshkol, Gaza Strip, Hamas, homemade rockets, Israel, Quentin Sommerville, Rocket Attacks, terrorism, Twitter
Overview of BBC reporting on recent violence and terror in Israel
Since late October much of the BBC's Israel-related subject matter has been focused on the surge in terror attacks and violence, with an integral part of that coverage being 'explanations' to BBC audiences of its supposed causes. As was noted in a previous post concerning BBC coverage of the November 18th terror attack in Har Nof, the factors promoted by the BBC as causes for that attack included (in reverse order of frequency) 'discrimination' against Arab Jerusalemites, a 'cycle of violence', supposed 'attacks' on or threats to Al Aqsa Mosque by Jews, the absence of negotiations between Israel and the PLO, the Gaza casualty toll of the summer conflict, the campaign for equal prayer rights at Temple Mount and 'settlements'.
The fact that so many and such varied factors were promoted as being the cause of "tensions" which, according to the BBC led to two Palestinians carrying out a brutal terror attack on early morning worshippers at a synagogue, of course indicates that the promotion of one factor or another in BBC reports depended very much upon the particular journalist.
In contrast, the subject of incitement and glorification of terrorism by Palestinian functionaries and official Palestinian sources was presented uniformly and exclusively in the form of second-hand quotes, with the BBC making no effort whatsoever to independently inform audiences of those factors and their role in the creation of "tensions".
In this post we will take a broader look at BBC coverage of other incidents which took place between late October and late November and examine the narrative promoted in the reports below.
October 22nd: terror attack on light rail passengers, Ammunition Hill, Jerusalem.
BBC News website: Jerusalem car 'attack' kills baby at rail station (discussed here)
October 23rd:
BBC News website: Israel's Netanyahu accuses Abbas over Jerusalem car attack (discussed here)
October 25th:
BBC News website: US urges probe after teenager shot dead in West Bank (discussed here)
BBC News website: Jerusalem: Palestinian car attack claims second victim (discussed here)
October 29th: shooting of Yehuda Glick in central Jerusalem.
BBC News website: Jerusalem holy site closure 'declaration of war' – Abbas (discussed here)
BBC News website & television news: Abbas: Mosque closure a 'declaration of war' Quentin Sommerville (discussed here)
BBC World Service 'Newshour' (discussed here)
October 31st:
BBC News website: Jerusalem holy site is reopened amid tension (discussed here)
November 5th: terror attack on light rail passengers & pedestrians, Shimon Hatsadik, Jerusalem.
BBC News website: Jerusalem: Palestinian van attack kills policeman (discussed here)
BBC News website & television news: Driver hits pedestrians in East Jerusalem Yolande Knell
BBC World Service 'Newshour' 1 (discussed here)
November 6th:
BBC World Service 'WHYS' (discussed here)
BBC News website: Israel to destroy homes of Palestinian Jerusalem attackers (discussed here)
BBC World Service 'Outside Source' (discussed here)
BBC News website: Jerusalem a city on edge as tensions spiral Yolande Knell (discussed here)
BBC News website & television news: Growing tension at Jerusalem holy site Yolande Knell
BBC Radio 4 'From Our Own Correspondent' (discussed here)
November 10th: terror attacks in Tel Aviv and Gush Etzion
BBC News website: Israel: Palestinian held as Israeli soldier stabbed and Israeli woman and soldier killed in two knife attacks (both discussed here)
November 13th:
BBC News website: Jerusalem tension: John Kerry brokers Israel-Jordan talks (discussed here)
BBC News website: Jerusalem tension: Israel ends age limit on holy site access (discussed here)
November 21st:
BBC News website: Israel: 'Hamas plot to kill FM Lieberman foiled' (discussed here)
BBC Radio 4 'Today' (discussed here)
As was the case in BBC coverage of the Har Nof terror attack, any use of the word terror or its derivatives in the above reports came in the form of quotes from (mostly) Israeli or American officials and in inverted commas. On no occasion did the BBC independently identify the incidents as terror attacks or the perpetrators as terrorists.
Likewise, all mentions of incitement propagated by Palestinian leaders in the above reports were presented to BBC audiences in the form of quotes from Israeli officials: no independent reporting on that issue was provided by the BBC.
In addition to the factors presented as causing "tensions" – and hence terrorism – appearing in the reports on the Har Nof attack, in the reports above a number of additional factors were to be found. On two occasions audiences were told that "tensions" had risen because Israeli security forces had killed Palestinians, on three occasions they were informed that "tensions" had risen because Israel had confiscated or demolished Palestinian homes (with no context provided) and on eleven occasions audiences were told that age restrictions and/or the closure of Temple Mount were the cause of "tensions".
Once again the prime factor promoted by the BBC as context for the surge in violence and terror attacks was 'settlements'. Taking the above articles together with the coverage of the Har Nof attack, we see that factor has been promoted by the BBC more than any other. Like the vast majority of the additional factors presented by the BBC, that one too would be perceived by audiences as Israeli action and thus the underlying message is that Palestinian violence and terrorism is attributable to rising "tensions" caused almost exclusively by Israeli actions.
Another interesting aspect of the framing seen in BBC reporting was that of the use of political labelling – or not. The people (according to the BBC's narrative) driven to violent rioting and terror attacks on civilians because of "tensions" caused by a campaign for equal prayer rights for non-Muslims at a site holy to Christians, Jews and Muslims alike – and those inciting them to such actions – were not afforded any kind of political label in any BBC report.
In contrast, the BBC did find it necessary to describe to its audiences on numerous occasions the assumed political affiliations/stances/opinions of the people visiting Temple Mount and/or the people campaigning for equal rights there for people of all faiths, as can be seen in the few examples below.
"Jews are allowed to visit the site but not to pray there. Now some right-wing religious groups say Jews should be allowed to pray – a demand which causes anger and unease in the Muslim world." (source)
"Fears that Israel is set to legislate to remove the ban have led to furious scenes as Palestinian Muslims try to block visits by parties of far-right, religious Jews escorted by Israeli police.
"We love it when it is calm to pray but the Israeli government is not helping the situation by sending right-wing extremists and ministers to visit," says Omar Kiswani, director of al-Aqsa mosque."
"On Thursday, a week after the attempted murder of a prominent right-wing Jewish activist, Rabbi Yehuda Glick, there was a rally by his supporters." (source)
"A Palestinian suspected of shooting and wounding a prominent right-wing activist, Rabbi Yehuda Glick, in Jerusalem at the end of last month was also shot dead in a gun battle with Israeli police." (source)
On other occasions, the campaign for equal prayer rights at Temple Mount was inaccurately portrayed as an "Orthodox" issue.
In earlier reports, audiences were sometimes provided with information about the links of some of the perpetrators to terrorist organisations – although of course they were not described as such. For example:
"Shaloudi was the nephew of a leading bomb-maker from Hamas, the Islamist militant group opposed to Israel, who was killed in the West Bank in 1988." (source)
"Police say Hejazi belonged to the Islamic Jihad militant group and served time in jail in Israel before being released in 2012." (source)
"The driver of the van – named as Ibrahim al-Akari – was from Shuafat refugee camp in the east of the city, police said.
His Facebook page states that he is a member of Hamas, and the Twitter account for the group's armed wing, the al-Qassam Brigades, described him as a member and a martyr." (source)
As time went on, however, those links were downplayed in later reports by means of statements such as the ones below:
"…the attacks appear spontaneous: the acts of individuals, not organisations." (source)
"BBC Middle East correspondent Kevin Connolly says there has been no real pattern to the recent spate of attacks – the attackers appear to have acted suddenly, meaning there is no advance intelligence to forewarn the authorities." (source)
BBC reporting on the surge of violence and terror during October and November 2014 was largely limited to fatal attacks, with dozens of other non-fatal incidents ignored. As we see, the reports adhered to a specific template which 'explained' events by attributing them to "rising tensions" caused almost inevitably by Israeli actions.
For over a month, audiences have been provided with a picture of Israeli action and Palestinian reaction: a narrative which includes no Palestinian responsibility or agency and is carefully framed to exclude one of the story's most important elements – the crucial issue of the repeated incitement and glorification of terrorism by Palestinian leaders and official organisations, with no independent BBC reporting on that issue having appeared at all to date.
In short, the BBC's obligation to "build a global understanding of international issues" has once again been trumped by a political narrative.
A round up of BBC coverage of the Har Nof terror attack
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, Impartiality, Omission, Public Purposes	• Tagged BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, BBC News, BBC Online, BBC Radio 4, BBC television news, BBC World Service radio, Incitement, Israel, Jerusalem, Kevin Connolly, Palestinian Authority, Quentin Sommerville, Temple Mount, terrorism, Yolande Knell
The BBC's coverage of the terror attack in the Jerusalem neighbourhood of Har Nof on November 18th provides us with an opportunity to take a closer look at how the corporation framed this story across a variety of platforms.
Below is a sample of BBC coverage: obviously it does not include all of the content broadcast across the range of BBC platforms on the two days upon which the story was run.
BBC News Website:
Jerusalem synagogue: Palestinians kill Israeli worshippers
Profile: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) (both above are discussed here)
British-born man named as Jerusalem synagogue victim
Jerusalem synagogue: Three victims were US rabbis
As it happened: Jerusalem synagogue attack live page
Jerusalem attack reflects rising Israeli-Palestinian tension Jeremy Bowen
Synagogue attack: Netanyahu vow in 'battle for Jerusalem' (all of the above are discussed here)
Filmed: (the reports also appeared on BBC television News programmes)
Synagogue victim 'concerned about radicalisation' An interview with the cousin of Avraham Goldberg
Israel: 'No justification for this wanton violence' Mark Regev
'Chaotic scenes' after Jerusalem synagogue attack Yolande Knell
Jerusalem synagogue attack: 'We heard a flurry of shots' Eye witnesses
Israeli Police: 'Terrorists killed in gun battle' Micky Rosenfeld
John Kerry on Jerusalem attack: 'An act of pure terror'
Hamas spokesperson: 'Every day Jerusalem is boiling' Ghazi Hamad (discussed here)
Mustafa Barghouti: 'Occupation responsible for attack' (discussed here)
Synagogue attack: Months of tension and revenge attacks backgrounder (discussed here)
Interview with Naftali Bennett (discussed here)
Jerusalem synagogue attack 'followed months of tension' Jeremy Bowen
BBC Radio 4 – 'PM' (discussed here and here)
BBC World Service radio – 'Newshour' (edition 1 discussed here, edition 2 discussed here)
Jerusalem attack: Synagogue reopens for worshippers (discussed here)
Regional media trade blame for Jerusalem attack
Filmed: (also on appeared on BBC television news programmes)
Anger in Jerusalem after deadly synagogue attack Quentin Sommerville (discussed here)
Synagogue attack: Eyewitness describes shootout
Palestinian intifada 'dangerously close,' warns former US envoy
BBC World Service radio –'Newshour' (discussed here)
One outstanding – although predictable – feature of the BBC's coverage is that despite the fact that the core story was about a terror attack perpetrated on the congregation of a synagogue, in all of the above reports the word terror and its derivatives were never used directly by the BBC. References to terrorism came only in the form of quotes from Israeli officials (placed in inverted commas by the BBC), from Israeli interviewees or from the US Secretary of State in the filmed report of his statement to the press.
Another remarkable fact is that in seven of the above reports and despite the existence of a pathologist's report, the BBC nevertheless amplified or allowed the amplification of baseless Palestinian claims that a bus driver who committed suicide the day before the terror attack took place had been murdered by Israelis and presented that as a background factor for the attack.
On the day of the attack itself the BBC saw fit to broadcast interviews with Palestinian officials from several factions – Ghazi Hamad from Hamas, Mustafa Barghouti from the PNI and Hussam Zomlot from Fatah – all of whom were given free rein to promote falsehoods and propaganda, including claims of "attacks" on the Al Aqsa Mosque by Israelis.
The terror attack was presented across the board as being the result of "rising tensions" between Israelis and Palestinians and those tensions were attributed by the BBC to a variety of factors, with more than one usually proffered in each report and some factors emphasized multiple times in a particular item.
Two of the reports suggested that tensions could be explained by "discrimination" against Palestinian residents of Jerusalem and the issue of their right to Israeli citizenship was inaccurately represented. In three reports audiences were told that rising tensions were the result of "a cycle of violence" which, according to the BBC, began with the kidnappings and murders of three Israeli teenagers in June (not stated by the BBC as having been carried out by a Hamas cell) and the later murder of a Palestinian teenager from Shuafat.
On five occasions tensions were attributed to the fact that no peace negotiations are currently underway and six reports cited the Palestinian death toll in the summer conflict between Israel and Hamas as a contributing factor but with no information provided to audiences with regard to Hamas' instigation of that conflict or its strategies – such as the use of human shields – which contributed to the civilian death toll.
The campaign by some Israelis for equal rights of worship for non-Muslims on Temple Mount was cited on ten occasions as causing "tensions" but the BBC elected not to explore the topic of why that should be the case. On five occasions Temple Mount was described by the BBC as a "disputed site" and viewers of BBC television news were even told by Jeremy Bowen that Palestinians are "enraged" by "fears about the future of Aqsa Mosque", with no attempt to put those "fears" in their correct and factual context.
But the factor most frequently promoted as a cause of "tensions" which purportedly led to the terror attack was what the BBC termed "settlements" or "settler homes", with that factor being cited on eleven occasions and the district of Silwan once again being specifically named in two reports.
Clearly most of the factors presented were framed as Israeli actions. The overall impression received by audiences therefore was that the "tensions" which lead to Palestinian terror attacks against Israelis are Palestinian reaction to Israeli action.
Another interesting aspect of the BBC's framing of this story relates to the issue of Palestinian incitement. That factor was mentioned directly in two reports (John Kerry's statement to the press and the interview with Mark Regev), but not by BBC correspondents. In two additional reports the BBC quoted the Israeli prime minister on the issue of Palestinian incitement. Incitement coming directly from the president of the Palestinian Authority was downplayed and dismissed by Jeremy Bowen and Tim Franks. In the BBC Radio 4 programme 'PM' listeners heard Yolande Knell paraphrase a supposed Palestinian claim that "Israel is also inciting the violence".
As has been noted here on numerous occasions, BBC audiences have not been informed at all about incitement and glorification of terrorism on the part of PA and Fatah officials (see recent examples here, here and here) and official Palestinian Authority media and institutions (see recent examples here, here, here, here and here). The sole reference to the issue of incitement to appear on the BBC News website in recent months has been an article by BBC Trending titled "The Palestinians calling for the 'car uprising'" which appeared on November 13th and related to a social media campaign rather than to incitement from official PA sources.
So, whilst BBC audiences were repeatedly told that the "rising tensions" which supposedly led to the terror attack in Har Nof can be attributed to a variety of factors which are mostly – according to the BBC's portrayal – attributable to Israeli actions, they remained completely ignorant on the issue of the crucial factor of the atmosphere being engineered by the Palestinian Authority and its main party Fatah – also headed by Mahmoud Abbas.
That glaring and continuing omission in BBC coverage can only be attributed to a politically motivated narrative being allowed to trump the corporation's public purpose remit.
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, Impartiality, Omission, Public Purposes	• Tagged 'settlements', BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, BBC News, BBC Online, BBC Radio 4, BBC television news, BBC World Service radio, Har Nof, Incitement, Israel, Jeremy Bowen, Jerusalem, Kevin Connolly, Palestinian Authority, Quentin Sommerville, Silwan, terrorism, Yolande Knell
BBC coverage of Har Nof terror attack: Sommerville drops the ball
The day after the terror attack at the synagogue in Har Nof – November 19th – the BBC Jerusalem Bureau's Quentin Sommerville produced a filmed report titled "Anger in Jerusalem after deadly synagogue attack" which appeared on the BBC News website as well as on BBC television news.
Sommerville's report starts off well enough but as it enters its third minute, viewers hear him say:
"Predictably, the killing sparked clashes across the occupied West Bank."
Sommerville does not explain to audiences why the premeditated murder of Jews at prayer by Palestinian terrorists should be a trigger for violent rioting by Palestinians at all – let alone why that should be 'predictable'. He goes on:
"Palestinian anger has been rising over threats to an important Muslim site."
Of course there are no actual threats to the Al Aqsa Mosque or any other "important Muslim site": the only 'threats' which exist are the mythical ones invented by Palestinian leaders in order to incite the population to violence. Not only does Sommerville fail to clarify that point to BBC audiences, but he goes on to state that the terror attack in Har Nof should be understood as having been "motivated" by what are in fact non-existent 'threats'.
"It was this that motivated the killers – Ghassan [and] Uday Abu Jamal – said Uday's father. He told me 'this was done to protect our holy sites; to prove that we won't be moved. This is a religious war'."
Later on Sommerville tells audiences that "Mahmoud Abbas condemned the violence" and the report then cuts to footage of Abbas saying:
"We strongly condemn this kind of incidents. We categorically reject attacks against civilians. At the same time I would like to say that while we denounce these acts, we also condemn attacks against Al Aqsa Compound and other holy places."
Sommerville fails to correct the misleading impression given to viewers by Abbas' words by informing them that there have not been any "attacks against Al Aqsa Compound".
It is the BBC's job to enhance audience understanding of international affairs by means of accurate and impartial reporting. The corporation cannot achieve that aim if its correspondents simply regurgitate Palestinian propaganda whilst making no effort to inform audiences of the facts behind that deliberate misinformation.
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, Impartiality	• Tagged BBC, BBC Jerusalem Bureau, BBC News, BBC Online, BBC television news, Har Nof, Israel, Jerusalem, Palestinian Authority, Quentin Sommerville, Temple Mount, terrorism
BBC News website coverage of Operation Protective Edge: part five
In the first four installments of this post (see 'related articles' below) we documented BBC News website coverage of the first forty days of Operation Protective Edge. Part five relates to the final ten days of the conflict and the day after the ceasefire agreement was reached: August 17th to August 27th 2014 inclusive.
Content on the website included written news reports and written 'Features and Analysis' articles as well as filmed items presented as stand-alone reports and additionally often embedded into the written articles. Those filmed items also appeared on BBC television news programmes and hence give us an idea of what worldwide audiences were being shown and to what extent the BBC lived up to its claims of "equal coverage" of the two sides to the conflict.
A small amount of content which appeared on the BBC News website at the time has since become unavailable, but below are the vast majority of the reports offered to the website's visitors. We are not including here the many reports concerning demonstrations relating to the conflict in Europe and elsewhere which appeared on the Middle East page: that topic will be covered separately.
August 17th:
Gaza conflict: Peace talks resume in Cairo (discussed here)
Gaza: What does the future hold for the children? Kevin Connolly (discussed here)
Arrests at protests against Israeli mixed wedding
Gaza conflict: Peace talks continue as deadline looms
Filmed:
Interfaith wedding: 'It's time the Muslims leave Israel'
Gaza ceasefire 'extended by a day' after Cairo talks (discussed here)
Gaza's infrastructure crippled by conflict Yolande Knell
Strikes hit Gaza after rockets fired Yolande Knell in Gaza & Kevin Connolly in Israel
Gaza conflict: Israel hits Gaza after rockets fired Kevin Connolly
Israel-Gaza crisis: Palestinians downbeat on Cairo talks Azzam al Ahmed
Israel: Ceasefire in Gaza 'a two-way street' Mark Regev
Bristol doctor Rachael Craven treats wounded in Gaza Gaza
Gaza conflict: Truce ends amid fresh fighting (discussed here)
Gaza conflict: Israel 'targets Hamas leader Deif' (discussed here)
Daniel Barenboim: 'No one winning Middle East conflict'
Gaza conflict: Operation 'not finished' – Benjamin Netanyahu
Gaza conflict: Israel 'targets Hamas leader Deif' Yolande Knell in Gaza
August 21st:
Gaza crisis: Israel kills three top Hamas commanders (discussed here)
Hamas: Palestinians 'will continue to resist' Ihab Al-Ghussin
Gaza crisis: Israel kills three top Hamas commanders Yolande Knell in Gaza
Gaza: Thousands rally for Hamas leaders' funerals Shahdi Alkashif in Gaza
August 22nd:
Gaza: Hamas says 18 suspected informants executed (discussed here)
Gaza conflict: Israeli boy's death 'will intensify ops' (discussed here)
Suspected informants killed in Gaza Quentin Sommerville in Gaza (discussed here)
Israeli child 'killed by rocket fired from Gaza' Mark Lobel in Israel (discussed here)
August 23rd:
Gaza conflict: Mahmoud Abbas urges fresh talks in Egypt (discussed here)
Holocaust families criticise Israel over Gaza later amended and date changed (discussed here)
Israel continues air strikes on Gaza targets Quentin Sommerville in Gaza (discussed here)
Gaza conflict: Erez crossing 'attacked' amid Israel raids (discussed here)
Gaza residences targeted in Israel air strikes Alpa Patel (discussed here)
Apartment block destroyed after Israeli air strike Quentin Sommerville in Gaza
Gaza: Eight die in Israeli strikes as 'new truce floated'
Gaza-Israel conflict: Is the fighting over?
Gaza conflict: Israel and Palestinians agree new truce Quentin Sommerville in Gaza (discussed here)
Gaza conflict: Israel and Palestinians agree long-term truce Quentin Sommerville in Gaza (discussed here)
Gaza conflict: Abbas declares acceptance of truce
Ceasefire 'good for Gaza, good for Israel' – Mark Regev
Gaza conflict: Israel and Palestinians agree long-term truce (discussed here)
Gaza ceasefire: Thousands return home as calm returns
Gaza conflict: Israeli PM Netanyahu says war was 'victory' (discussed here)
Indecisive end to Gaza conflict Kevin Connolly
Gaza ceasefire: 'It feels like normal life' Quentin Sommerville in Gaza
Steinitz: Israel paid heavy price over Gaza Yuval Steinitz
Military reoccupation of Gaza 'was seriously considered' Yuval Steinitz
Gaza-Israel ceasefire: Scepticism on Jerusalem streets
As was also the case in the previous ten days of the conflict, the period between August 17th and August 27th showed a drop in the amount of content produced by the BBC in comparison with its coverage of the first thirty days of hostilities after the number of journalists working in the Gaza Strip was reduced and media attentions shifted somewhat to the ISIS-related events in Iraq and Syria.
However, BBC audiences still saw over four times as much filmed content depicting the situation in the Gaza Strip as they did concerning the situation in Israel.
BBC promotion of Hamas' demands to lift border restrictions remained a prominent theme in the final days of coverage. The theme of Gaza's damaged infrastructure – also a popular topic in the weeks since the conflict's end – also continued to be promoted.
The BBC continued to misrepresent the terrorists' breaches of truce agreements and bizarrely and misleadingly portrayed the ceasefire negotiations held in Cairo as "peace talks". Missile fire into Israel was again severely under-reported.
In the period between July 8th and August 27th, four hundred and sixteen separate items of content (not including the exceptions noted above) appeared on the BBC News website's Middle East page; an average of over eight items a day. The predominant type of report presented was written news reports – 121 in total. Over a quarter of the content made available to visitors to the BBC News website came in the form of filmed reports depicting the situation in the Gaza Strip (also shown on BBC television news programmes). Throughout the entire 51 days of coverage, BBC audiences saw nearly three times more filmed reports from the Gaza Strip than they did comparative filmed reports from Israel.
Another interesting aspect of BBC coverage is to be found in the wording of the headlines used to present reports. The most frequently appearing wording for headlines included the categorization of their topic as the "Gaza conflict" (85 reports) with that term being employed from day one of the hostilities. The categorization "Gaza crisis" first appeared on the conflict's fourth day and was to be found in 38 headlines. Day two of the conflict saw the appearance of the term "Middle East crisis" and that description was used in the titles to twenty reports. Headlines reflecting the fact that the conflict was also taking place in Israel – using the terms "Israel-Gaza conflict", "Israel-Gaza crisis" or "Gaza –Israel" – appeared in only 22 reports in total.
Thus, as we see, both in the signposting to audiences by means of headline composition and in the proportion of filmed reports from the Gaza Strip compared to those depicting the situation in Israel, the BBC's presentation of the conflict was heavily tipped towards focus on its effects upon the civilian population of the in the Gaza Strip, indicating that the corporation's claims of "equal coverage" and "fair balance"of the two sides of the conflict do not stand up to scrutiny.
BBC News website coverage of Operation Protective Edge: part one
BBC News website coverage of Operation Protective Edge: part two
BBC News website coverage of Operation Protective Edge: part three
BBC News website coverage of Operation Protective Edge: part four
BBC WS 'Newshour': a test case for BBC claims of 'equal coverage'
The BBC's pictorial portrayal of conflict in Israel and the Gaza Strip
'From Our Own Correspondent': a test case for BBC claims of 'equal coverage'
By Hadar Sela • Posted in Accuracy, BBC, Impartiality	• Tagged Alpa Patel, BBC, BBC News, BBC Online, BBC television news, blockade, Gaza Strip, Hamas, Israel, Kevin Connolly, Mark Lobel, Operation Protective Edge, Quentin Sommerville, Rocket Attacks, Shahdi Alkashif, terrorism


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Milan were regarded as favourites before the match and took the lead within the first minute through captain Paolo Maldini. Milan striker Hernán Crespo added two more goals before half-time to make it 3–0. In the second half Liverpool launched a comeback and scored three goals in a dramatic six-minute spell to level the scores at 3–3, with goals from Steven Gerrard, Vladimír Šmicer and Xabi Alonso.
The scores remained the same during extra time, and a penalty shoot-out was required to decide the champions. The score was 3–2 to Liverpool when Andriy Shevchenko's penalty was saved by Liverpool goalkeeper Jerzy Dudek. It was Liverpool's fifth European Cup, which meant they were awarded the trophy permanently and the right to wear a multiple-winner badge. Liverpool's comeback gave rise to the final being known as the Miracle of Istanbul, and is regarded as one of the greatest finals in the history of the tournament.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


RAFC Cranwell provided additional manpower to RAF100 events throughout 2018, locally, regionally and nationally. Sharing the limelight alongside these high-profile events were the National Youth and STEM team who engaged with 2 million school children through a series of residential courses, STEM activity days and interactive roadshows and competitions. The team was awarded the Inaugural RAF100 Inspire Trophy by CAS.
Closer to home the College hosted an RAF 100 dinner inviting the Whole Force to dine under the gaze of nine 'inspirational people' selected by the Officer Cadets. In addition, many RAF100 events were held on station that were hosted or supported by the wider Service community.
Growth and modernisation were the buzz words of 2018 as Cranwell becomes the Centre of Excellence for Aviation Medicine with a new High-G centrifuge facility marking the start of this programme. Brand new aircraft, complemented by a refreshed training system and digitally-enabled officer training, all contributed to an updated and market-leading offer to new officer cadets.
Cranwell continues to work closely with our colleagues at Dartmouth and Sandhurst to ensure the highest quality of training is always provided.
OACTU continues to run 9 different courses covering regular entrants, specialist entrants, reservists, University students and non-commissioned aircrew and controllers. Each officers' course runs at its full capacity of 120 cadets. Alongside the strength in numbers came improved training facilities, making the best use of technology and the digital learning environment.
The University Air Sqns (UAS) continue to play a vital role both locally and nationally and were at the forefront of many RAF100 events. 6FTS and the UAS provided 36% of the New Entrant intake into IOT. Adventurous training remains an excellent tool for recruiting into the UAS. Challenging and enjoyable, this training builds confidence and displays teamwork and leadership.
Runway improvements and the discovery of a WW1 bomb on the airfield also presented challenges to the Ops Wg team.
Operations Wg has met the challenges that the new aircraft have presented to airfield operations. The Grob 120 TP Prefect and Embraer Phenom 100 came into service delivering Elementary and Multi-Engine flying training.
Nevertheless, the full dress rehearsal of the RAF100 flypast was conducted overhead College Hall on 2 Jul 18 with some 70+ aircraft including the F35 Lighting II and provided a great spectacle for all to see.
Support Wg remains the backbone to RAFC Cranwell in its provision of HR, contract management, training and development for service and civilian personnel, infra planning and IT. Additionally the Wg provides a conduit for both medical and dental services for station personnel. Some outstanding achievements were attained by RAFC Cranwell personnel including 14 individuals and 2 teams being recognised in the New Year's Honours list.
The Cranwell estate continues to be refurbished and updated, including a £4.6 Mn project to install new boilers across the eastern side of the station. C4i remain focused on upgrading IT across the station and the Force Development Sqn continues to offer learning opportunities for hundreds of personnel.
College sport attracted real talent with the Commandant's Cup Competition providing individual sections with a range competitive sports for old and new members of the College. The College remains Home for Sport for 9 disciplines conducting 55 events across 10 RAF Associations.
Cranwell's Charitable endeavours remain central to our business with £49,840 being raised over the course of the year. Alongside charitable activities our local community engagement has remained part of our core output. The Tedder Leadership Academy (TLA) builds on the foundations established in 2017. Key events included running the CAS Leadership Conference in Sept 2018, running the Senior Air Commanders' Forum, and the delivery of a coherent through-career Command and Leadership Developmental Pathway. As part of the Trenchard Gp, the TLA is looking forward to inspiring the next generation or RAF leaders.
The continuing hard work and dedication of the Whole Force, in which we include our Civil Service and Contractor personnel, has ensured that RAFC Cranwell remains a pivotal station in the RAF. Cranwell continues to inspire future generations and attract positive local, national and international attention.
Some 48 ideas for celebrating College 100 were gathered from many station personnel over a 3-month period in late 2018. The ideas ranged from rose beds and poppy fields to concerts on The Orange.
A College 100 Committee was formed in Mar 19 with the aim of triaging these ideas and providing a central coordinating function to those sections and individuals who wish to take projects forward. Given that the commemoration is focused on the centenary of the arrival of the first Flight Cadets in Feb 1920, celebrations will be centred on OACTU.
Founders' Day to include a Parade and Church Service.
* Hosting of the EU Air Forces Air Academies' Conference.
* An enhanced Inter-Collegiate Games (with an International flavour).
* CA weekend including the unveiling of the Trenchard Statue.
To that end a Campaign Plan is being drawn up by Dep Comdt and SO1 Strategic Communications and Engagement with events commencing on 5 Feb 2020. The College 100 notification to all station personnel will be made in the May Station Monthly Brief. Smaller initiatives will be encouraged as part of the overall celebrations.


eIDAS - "electronic IDentification Authentication and Signature", European Regulation that lays down the conditions for the mutual recognition of electronic identities and common regulations for eSignatures, web authentication and related trusted services for electronic transactions. The Regulation creates a new legal and technical environment based on the principle of technological neutrality setting a method to ensure the interoperability of trusted, identification and authentication services on a European level.
provided in accordance with the DPCM of 24 October 2014, the technical requirements defined by Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/1502 of the Council, Art. 24 of eIDAS Regulation (EU) 910/2014.
Provision of Trust Services by compliant Preservation Providers.
Aruba S.p.A. is accredited by ICANN - Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers - international organization responsible for protecting internet stability and integrity, promoting competition in the domain name market, ensuring the highest level of representation of the Internet community and developing appropriate policies for its mission through participation and consensus.


Everything Tech had worked with two SEO agencies before the found Aqueous. And our first piece of work was to provide some on page optimisation for free. Once it worked and the results were clear for all to see, we were engaged on a long term contract.
Aqueous worked with Everything Tech providing good SEO practices, creating white-hat link strategies and observing/working with the ever-changing trends of the search industry.
Regular monitoring of both the performance and security/vulnerability of the website, content creation and re-writing and site structure reviews saw not only maintenance of visibility BUT ALSO a healthy increase in overall visitors.


We've not had the best season over at Goodison Park thus far, but there are certainly some positive signs. Marco Silva is clearly a top manager, and with time we're confident that he'll come good. Not to mention, a number of players have looked great already, and our man Richarlison has been a shining light, that's for sure.
He's already bagged 4 league goals, and you'd be hard-pressed to find an Evertonian that isn't backing him to at least triple that number this season.
Unsurprisingly, his fine form has earned him a call-up for his native Brazil, and he looks as determined as ever to succeed with his country. Richarlison recently posted an image on his Instagram displaying him in training, and it's fair to say that he looks more than ready to make a sizeable impact.
It's that sort of determination that has made him such a success in the Premier League, and long may it continue. We'll certainly be keeping an eye on him during the break, and here's hoping that he comes back just as determined.


text:
Manhattan Transfers Cheat Sheet
In Deed! Uchitel Makes It Official; Korn Guitarist Lists
By Laura Kusisto • 09/14/10 3:39pm
— It's official. Tiger Woods' former squeeze, Rachel Uchitel, has purchased a Park Avenue pad for $1.625 million. TMZ first reported the sale, but put the price tag on the second-floor unit at 77 Park Avenue closer to $2 million. Ms. Uchitel purchased the three-bedroom spot from Cosmo editor Riann Smith and director of Barclay's Capital Jean-Claude Zucconi. Sources told TMZ that Ms. Uchitel views her new home in frat boy-filled Murray Hill as the perfect place to settle down and start a family.
— Korn guitarist James Shaffer has listed his West 37th Street loft for $1.295 million, The New York Times reports. If you're hoping for some inspired heavy metal décor, think again. "It's what a loft should be," says Mr. Shaffer's broker. "High ceilings, big open spaces, hardwood floors. Not an overly fancy building, not an overly fancy apartment."
— Senior MTV exec Joey Molko has sold his Upper East Side apartment for $1.385 million. The creatively inclined Mr. Molko told his alumni newsletter that he picked law school over writing because, "I wanted to be gainfully employed." It appears to have paid off. The apartment went to Jean Vitau, a French jewelry designer, who reportedly landed in New York 30 years ago with three wedding rings in his pocket and has since created a prestigious collection.
— Edwin Muelensteen, a Dutch art dealer who recently purchased one of the city's most exclusive art galleries, has also grabbed a home at 122 Chambers Street, in the Seaman Company Building, for $1.8 million.
lkusisto@observer.com
Filed Under: Home, Real Estate, Politics, News & Politics, Daily Transom, Manhattan Transfers, Manhattan Transfers Cheat Sheet, tiger woods, Rachel Uchitel, 77 park Avenue
SEE ALSO: Ashton Kutcher and Mila Kunis Are Determined to Sell Their $12.25 Million Beverly Hills Mansion


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Альма — річка в Криму .
 Міст Альма - 150-метровий арковий міст через Сену в Парижі
 390 Альма (390 Alma) — астероїд головного поясу
 Альма (Квебек) — місто у провінції Квебек (Канада ) у регіоні Сагне-Ляк-Сен-Жан .
 Альма-матер (alma mater — мати-годувальниця) — старовинна студентська назва університету.
 Альма — французька співачка, справжнє ім'я Александра Маке.
 Альма Ніссен (Nissen, Alma; 1897 , Данія — 1991 ) — діячка громадського руху за альтернативну медицину

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
LG G8X ThinQ Dual Screen Review
By Steven Winkelman
The LG G8X ThinQ has two 6.4-inch OLED displays when the Dual Screen cover is attached.
Solid performance.
Great audio features.
Excellent camera quality.
Poor battery life with Dual Screen cover.
Cover is bulky and makes the phone difficult to hold.
Fingerprint sensor works poorly.
The LG G8X ThinQ is a solid smartphone on its own, but when paired with the Dual Screen cover, it quickly becomes cumbersome and buggy.
On its own, the LG G8X ($699.99) is a solid smartphone that offers good performance, all-day battery life, and a stellar camera. It's also a little boring, and you can get better value for your money with the Google Pixel 4 XL. Pair the G8X with the included Dual Screen cover, however, and things become a lot more interesting. The covers adds a second OLED display to the mix, for a different type of folding phone experience. Unfortunately, it also kills battery life and brings some bugs.
Design, Display, and Durability
The G8X is your typical all-glass phone fused with a thin aluminum frame. A 6.4-inch OLED display with slim bezels and a teardrop notch dominates the front. The back is curved glass with a horizontal camera stack on the top third.
The phone measures 6.27 by 2.98 by 0.33 inches (HWD) and weighs 6.77 ounces. There's a hybrid SIM/microSD slot on the top. The right side is home to the power button, while a Google Assistant button sits on the left. The buttons are thin, firm, and somewhat difficult to press without a little effort. A USB-C charging port, speaker, and headphone jack are on the bottom.
Best for Android Fans
Best for Balancing iOS Power and Budget
Best for Shutterbugs
Best for 5G on Sprint
$1,152.00 at Sprint
Best for An iPhone XR Alternative
Best for A Hand-Friendly Form Factor
If you plan to use the G8X with the Dual Screen cover, it gets significantly chunkier. With the case closed, it measures 6.53 by 3.33 by 0.59 inches (HWD) and weighs 11.5 ounces. The extra heft made it difficult for me to grip with one hand, and nearly impossible to press the buttons. And since the majority of the case's weight is distributed toward the back of the phone, it feels clumsy when the cover is open.
There are three displays with the cover on. A 2.1-inch monochrome screen on the outside shows the time and notifications. Open it up for a second 6.4-inch OLED screen on the left with the same 2,340-by-1,080-pixel resolution as the primary display on the right. Curiously, this second display also has a notch at the top, but it doesn't have a camera. The main display has an optical fingerprint sensor, but it only worked about half the time in testing.
The phone and the case are rated IP68 for water and dust resistance, but they don't carry a durability rating, and neither feels particularly rugged, so you don't want to drop them.
Dual-Screen Experience
You can either use the dual screens individually or as one big screen, depending on the app. If you use the displays separately, simply open your preferred app on each side. It's worth noting that you can't open multiple instances of the same app.
A handful of apps work across both screens at the same time, most of which are made by LG, like the web browser and mail app. And if you do decide to use the two displays as one, you'll have to get used to the giant bezel that cuts across the middle.
There are few cool things you can do with the two screens. If you're a gamer, you can turn one of the displays into a customizable gamepad for compatible titles. And if you want to quickly copy and paste what is on the opposite screen into a text or WhatsApp message, the keyboard has buttons that do it seamlessly.
We used the G8X for about a week, and the two screens mostly worked well together. There were a handful of times when the secondary display wouldn't be recognized when we opened the cover, and we ecountered a couple of instances where apps crashed when swapping between screens.
Call, Network, and Audio Quality
The G8X is available on AT&T and Sprint. I tested the phone across Manhattan and Brooklyn using AT&T. All of my test calls were clear, and my recorded voice sounded natural. Noise cancellation worked perfectly, even when I was next to a busy construction zone. I also encountered no problems with dropped calls or hearing other parties when I dialed out.
Network quality is similarly strong. Average download speeds came in at 82Mbps on the G8X, while uploads came in at 58Mbps. Dual-band Wi-Fi, NFC, and Bluetooth 5.0 are also included.
Like most LG phones, audio quality on the G8X is a strong point. Sound on the 2.4-watt stereo speaker is crisp and has a touch of bass. Earpiece volume peaks at 74dB, which is loud enough to hear in just about any situation. At 80dB, speakerphone volume is loud enough to fill a room. And the stereo speaker maxes out at 90dB, though you'll likely be tempted to use the 3.5mm headphone jack thanks to the Hi-Fi Quad DAC (digital-to-analog converter).
Specs and Benchmarks
The phone is powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 855 chipset and 6GB of RAM, the same as the Google Pixel 4 XL. LG offers 64GB and 128GB storage variants, and both can accommodate up to an additional 2TB of external storage with a microSD card.
See How We Test Phones
Although the G8X and Pixel 4 XL have similar hardware, the Pixel is slightly faster in regular use, like opening apps and using Google Assistant. The difference is likely due to better software optimization on Google's part, as well as the Pixel Neural Core, which helps with AI tasks. That said, both devices can easily handle the most processor-intensive tasks with ease.
Benchmarks are solid. The G8X earned a 2,704 Geekbench 5 multicore score, on par with other flagships and only slightly behind the OnePlus 7T (2,752) and its souped-up Snapdragon 855+ processor.
The G8X has a 4,000mAh battery, which is pretty standard fare these days, but doesn't seem to consider the extra power required for the Dual Screen case. In our battery drain test, where we stream high-resolution video over Wi-Fi at full brightness, the G8X lasted just over four hours with the case attached. Without it, it clocked a much better 12 hours and 52 minutes.
Quick charging is supported via the included adapter. The phone charges on its own via USB-C, but in the case it requires a proprietary connector that attaches via magnetic pogo pins.
The G8X has a dual camera stack on the back. The primary lens clocks in at 12MP with an f/1.8 aperture, and is aided by a 13MP ultrawide lens with an f/2.4 aperture. A 32MP sensor with an f/1.9 aperture is on the front.
Test images in daylight are excellent, appearing crisp and clean with excellent depth of field. I noticed some minor background blurring on a few of the ultrawide shots, but only when reviewing the images at full size.
Low-light test photos are also solid, with just occasional background blurring through the primary lens, and some blurring and noise with the ultrawide sensor, but still good enough for social sharing.
The front-facing 32MP camera is terrific in bright light, with very good color accuracy and depth of field for selfies. Even background details, which tend to get a little fuzzy with front-facing cameras, look crisp here. Portrait mode also worked well in all of our daytime test shots. The camera didn't have any issues identifying the subject and creating a natural background blur.
Low-light photos with the front-facing camera are also quite good, with just some minor background blur when viewing the images at full size.
Taking photos with the Dual Screen cover on, however, is rather cumbersome. Using it with the cover open feels unwieldy, but you have no other option unless you take it off and put it in your pocket—if you flip the cover behind the phone, the cameras are completely covered.
The G8X ships with Android 9.0 with LG's UX 9.0. LG's latest iteration of its custom UX is a dramatic improvement over its predecessor. In addition to the notifications and settings menus getting complete overhauls, it's just more thoughtful and less cluttered in general. That said, it's disappointing that the phone doesn't have Android 10, which brings updated navigation features, improved privacy options, and a built-in dark mode. You might waiting a while for an update if LG's history in this category is any indication.
Bloatware is also an issue. My AT&T review unit had two dozen extra apps preinstalled, not including AT&T's usual suite of apps. In all, they took up nearly 20GB of storage space, though luckily most can be uninstalled.
There are also a number of special software features to accommodate the Dual Screen cover. To start, there's a floating menu bubble that allows you to control how the two displays interact with each other. And as mentioned, an updated keyboard lets you quickly cut and paste links and items from the neighboring screen.
On its own, the LG G8X ThinQ is a solid phone for the price, with good performance, battery life, and camera quality. The Dual Screen attachment makes it large and unwieldy, drains the battery fast, and introduces bugs you don't encounter when using the phone on its own.
If you really want a folding phone this year, we recommend the G8X over the Samsung Galaxy Fold or the Huawei Mate X, simply because it is more durable, versatile, and far less expensive, but ultimately, we don't recommend you buy a folding phone right now. And as a standalone handset, the G8X is a hard sell compared with the Pixel 4 XL. While both phones have similar specs, Google's ships with the latest version of Android (not to mention guaranteed software updates), has an even better camera, and boasts exclusive features like Motion Sense and Live Caption.
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About Steven Winkelman
It would be an understatement to say Steven Winkelman is obsessed with smartphones and tablets. Before joining PCMag as a mobile analyst, he covered mobile and wearable tech at Digital Trends. When he's not poring over the latest mobile hardware, you'll find him voraciously reading or exploring Brooklyn's amazing independent bookstores.
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Fraglia Vela Malcesine, Italy will host the first of two Para World Sailing equipment evaluations from 7-8 May 2016 with the aim of choosing two new classes to increase participation in disabled sailing.
Following the announcement that sailing was not to feature in the Paralympic program at Tokyo 2020, World Sailing and the Para World Sailing Committee have been working tirelessly to reinstate the sport for the Paralympic Games of 2024.
These evaluations are essential in choosing new equipment to help satisfy the criteria laid out by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) where previously disabled sailing has fallen short.
The main focus of the evaluations will be to choose equipment that can increase participation in developed and emerging nations so that a stronger grass roots program is available to disabled athletes world-wide, which will lead to higher participation at the elite level.
As well as equipment, the Evaluation Working Party will also investigate possible changes to racing formats that encourage modern and fast paced stadium style racing meant to encourage media coverage and press opportunities while making sailing spectator friendly and easily understandable.
A second evaluation will take place at the Regatta Center Medemblik, Netherlands from 31 May - 1 June and a thorough analysis made before World Sailing select One-Person and Two-Person boats during the Annual Conference in November of 2016.


Dear Student, we rate the GS Prelims Paper (I) as an average (easy) paper. Here questions were mostly direct and conventional. However many OPTIONS were little confusing which needed careful thinking. Based on the feedback from many students we expect the GS Paper- (I) Cut-Off around 45-50 correct questions effectively after deduction. Though all care has been taken while making this Answer Key, you should cross-check to calculate your final score.


text:
Q: Scrapy CrawlSpider is not following Links I'm trying to crawl a page that uses next buttons to move to new pages using scrapy. I'm using an instance of crawl spider and have defined the Linkextractor to extract new pages to follow. However, the spider just crawls the start url and stops at that. I've added the spider code and the log. Anyone has any idea why the spider is not able to crawl the pages.
        from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
        from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
        from realcommercial.items import RealcommercialItem
        from scrapy.selector import Selector
        from scrapy.http import Request

        class RealCommercial(CrawlSpider):
            name = "realcommercial"
            allowed_domains = ["realcommercial.com.au"]
            start_urls = [
                "http://www.realcommercial.com.au/for-sale/in-vic/list-1?nearbySuburb=false&autoSuggest=false&activeSort=list-date"
        ]
            rules = [Rule(LinkExtractor( allow = ['/for-sale/in-vic/list-\d+?activeSort=list-date']),

                           callback='parse_response',
                           process_links='process_links',
                           follow=True),
                     Rule(LinkExtractor( allow = []),

                           callback='parse_response',
                           process_links='process_links',
                           follow=True)]

            def parse_response(self, response):
                sel = Selector(response)
                sites = sel.xpath("//a[@class='details']")
                #items = []
                for site in sites:
                    item = RealcommercialItem()
                    link = site.xpath('@href').extract()
                    #print link, '\n\n'
                    item['link'] = link
                    link = 'http://www.realcommercial.com.au/' + str(link[0])
                    #print 'link!!!!!!=', link
                    new_request = Request(link, callback=self.parse_file_page)
                    new_request.meta['item'] = item
                    yield new_request
                    #items.append(item)
                yield item
                return

            def process_links(self, links):
                print 'inside process links'
                for i, w in enumerate(links):
                    print w.url,'\n\n\n'
                    w.url = "http://www.realcommercial.com.au/" + w.url
                    print w.url,'\n\n\n'
                    links[i] = w

                return links

            def parse_file_page(self, response):
                #item passed from request
                #print 'parse_file_page!!!'
                item = response.meta['item']
                #selector
                sel = Selector(response)
                title = sel.xpath('//*[@id="listing_address"]').extract()
                #print title
                item['title'] = title

                return item

Log
                2015-11-29 15:42:55 [scrapy] INFO: Scrapy 1.0.3 started (bot: realcommercial)
                2015-11-29 15:42:55 [scrapy] INFO: Optional features available: ssl, http11, bot
                o
                2015-11-29 15:42:55 [scrapy] INFO: Overridden settings: {'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 're
                alcommercial.spiders', 'FEED_FORMAT': 'csv', 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['realcommercial.
                spiders'], 'FEED_URI': 'aaa.csv', 'BOT_NAME': 'realcommercial'}
                2015-11-29 15:42:56 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled extensions: CloseSpider, FeedExporter
                , TelnetConsole, LogStats, CoreStats, SpiderState
                2015-11-29 15:42:57 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: HttpAuthMiddl
                eware, DownloadTimeoutMiddleware, UserAgentMiddleware, RetryMiddleware, DefaultH
                eadersMiddleware, MetaRefreshMiddleware, HttpCompressionMiddleware, RedirectMidd
                leware, CookiesMiddleware, ChunkedTransferMiddleware, DownloaderStats
                2015-11-29 15:42:57 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: HttpErrorMiddlewa
                re, OffsiteMiddleware, RefererMiddleware, UrlLengthMiddleware, DepthMiddleware
                2015-11-29 15:42:57 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
                2015-11-29 15:42:57 [scrapy] INFO: Spider opened
                2015-11-29 15:42:57 [scrapy] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 i
                tems (at 0 items/min)
                2015-11-29 15:42:57 [scrapy] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
                2015-11-29 15:42:59 [scrapy] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.realcommercial
                .com.au/for-sale/in-vic/list-1?nearbySuburb=false&autoSuggest=false&activeSort=l
                ist-date> (referer: None)
                2015-11-29 15:42:59 [scrapy] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
                2015-11-29 15:42:59 [scrapy] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
                {'downloader/request_bytes': 303,
                 'downloader/request_count': 1,
                 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
                 'downloader/response_bytes': 30599,
                 'downloader/response_count': 1,
                 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
                 'finish_reason': 'finished',
                 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 11, 29, 10, 12, 59, 418000),
                 'log_count/DEBUG': 2,
                 'log_count/INFO': 7,
                 'response_received_count': 1,
                 'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
                 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
                 'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
                 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
                 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 11, 29, 10, 12, 57, 780000)}
                2015-11-29 15:42:59 [scrapy] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

A: I got the answer myself. There were two issues:

*

*process_links was "http://www.realcommercial.com.au/" although it was already there. I thought it would give back the relative url.

*The regular expression in link extractor was not correct.

I made changes to both of these and it worked.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange