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Q: Expected Workload I can produce 1 widget per day. I have a full materials bin which allows me to produce exactly N widgets. On a given day my bin may be refilled (so I again have the capacity to make N widgets) with probability P. This refill can only happen once on a given day. What is the average number of days  I work until I have used all my materials (how many widgets will I make on average)?

A: Here's an extended hint.
The only way to be depleted is if the final $N$ days of a period are not replenished.  The probability of that happening is $(1-P)^N$.  Moreover, the day immediately before those final $N$ must be a replenish day (otherwise you would be depleted earlier), and this happens with probability $P$.  So we are certain that the "end game" or termination criterion is $N+1$ days in which a replenishment day is followed by the final $N$ days having no replenishment.  So there will be a factor of $P(1-P)^N$ for all sequences longer then $N$.  (The probability for terminating in exactly $N$ days is of course $(1-P)^N$.
(We see immediately that the minimum number of days of working is $N$.  After all, that's how many days we have parts at the beginning.)
Now we have to consider longer sequences.  Let's call the full candidate length of days $k$, and define $k_s = k - (N+1)$ (for the preliminary sequence).  We will be working for the full $k$ days so long as we have any number of days before the final $N+1$ so long as there is no consecutive set of $N$ days with no replenishment.  (That ensures we're still working $N+1$ days from the end.) Thus we are interested in the $k_s = k-(N+1)$ "non-terminating" days.
Let's call $k_r$ the number of replenished days (in the "non-terminating" days) and $k_n$ the number of non-replenished days.  Of course $k_r + k_n = k_s$. It is a straightforward application of the binomial theorem to specify the probability of getting any given number of $k_r$ (and thus $k_n$) of the $k_s$ days.  We also know (from the binomial theorem) what the probability of that sequence will be.
The tricky part is to subtract off the anomalous "terminating" sequences occuring within the $k_s$ days, that is, ones that have $k_u \geq 5$.  You need to use combinatorics to find this value (and then its probability, which is straightforward).
At the end, you'll have an expression for the probability of having a sequence of length $k_s$, and thus the full duration of $k$.  Call that probability $P_k$.  To find the average number of days, calculate:
$${\cal E}(x) =\sum\limits_{k= N+1}^\infty k P_k P(1-P)^N$$
Hope this helps.


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Decorated fireclay
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Fana Vincent "Fidel" Mlombo is a South African politician and trade unionist who has represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature since August 2016. He was formerly the Provincial Secretary of the Mpumalanga branch of the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) from 2009 to 2016, and he has also served in the provincial executive of the South African Communist Party (SACP).

Trade union career
Mlombo entered politics in 1985 when he joined COSATU. He was active in the Paper, Printing, Wood, and Allied Workers' Union while working at a Sappi plant in Ngodwana, but he moved to the South African Commercial, Catering and Allied Workers Union in 1995 to become a provincial organiser for the union. In 2002, he joined COSATU as a provincial organiser. He was elected Provincial Secretary of COSATU Mpumalanga in 2009 and he remained in that position when he joined the provincial legislature in August 2016. At that time he was also a member of the Provincial Executive Committee of the SACP in Mpumalanga.

Legislative career
In the legislature, Mlombo filled a casual vacancy that had arisen after the 2016 local government elections when Nomsa Mtsweni resigned to become Mayor of Thembisile Hani. He was sworn in on 15 August 2016. In the 2019 general election, he was elected to his first full term in the provincial legislature, ranked 13th on the ANC's provincial party list. As of 2022, he was the Majority Chief Whip in the provincial legislature, with Million Makaringe as his deputy.

References

External links

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Members of the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature
African National Congress politicians
21st-century South African politicians
Members of the South African Communist Party

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Interventional radiology is a medical sub-specialty of radiology utilizing minimally-invasive image-guided procedures to diagnose and treat diseases in nearly every organ system. We have state of the art angiography suite with Philips FD 10 installation. Our radiologists are experts in treating various interventions including the complex peripheral, aortic & neurointerventions.
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Delivery of cancer-chemotherapy agents directly to the site of a cancer tumor is possible with chemoembolisation for liver cancers thus limiting side effects of cancer therapy & morbidity. In radiofrequency ablation, tiny radiofrequency needle is placed in tumors to heat and kill cancerous tumors in liver, lung, kidney or bones & thus obviating the need of major surgery.


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A Brief History on the origin of The Nation of Islam in America A Nation of Peace & Beauty
On July the Fourth, the day of America's Independence celebration, He announced the beginning of His mission which was to restore and to resurrect His lost and found people, who were identified as the original members of the Tribe of Shabazz from the Lost Nation of Asia. The lost people of the original nation of African descent, were captured, exploited, and dehumanized to serve as servitude slaves of America for over three centuries. His mission was to teach the downtrodden and defenseless Black people a thorough Knowledge of God and of themselves, and to put them on the road to Self-Independence with a superior culture and higher civilization than they had previously experienced.
He taught us the ways of love and peace, of truth and beauty. We are being led into the path of a new spiritual culture and civilization of complete harmony and peace, one of refinement in the pursuit of happiness and eternal joy in the Supreme Knowledge of God and the Science of everything in life.
IN 1931, THE MASTER WAS preaching this Great Truth of salvation when He met a man named Elijah Poole in Detroit, Michigan. He chose him to be His Divine Representative in continuing this most difficult task of bringing truth and light to His lost and found people. For 3 1/2 years He taught and trained the Honorable Elijah Muhammad night and day into the profound Secret Wisdom of the Reality of God, which included the hidden knowledge of the original people who were the first founders of civilization of our Planet and who had a full knowledge of the Universal Order of Things from the beginning of the Divine Creation.
Upon the Master's departure in 1934, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad labored tirelessly to bring life to his mentally and spiritually dead people until his return to the Master in 1975. The Honorable Elijah Muhammad identified the Master as being the answer to the one that the world had been expecting for the past 2,000 years under the names Messiah, the second coming of Jesus, the Christ, Jehovah, God, and the Son of Man. When the Honorable Elijah Muhammad asked Him to identify Himself He replied that He was the Mahdi. He signed His name in 1933 as Master Wallace Fard Muhammad to express the meaning of One Who had come in the Early Morning Dawn of the New Millennium to lay the base for a New World Order of Peace and Righteousness on the foundation of Truth and Justice; to put down tyrants and to change the world into a Heaven on Earth.
During the Honorable Elijah Muhammad's initial 44 years, he suffered persecution & rejection from the very people whom he was appointed as a Servant of God. He was rejected and despised by the 10 percent leaders of America and the world because he revealed a Greater Truth and Wisdom that would end the old world of Satan's rule and dominion. He was not self-taught or self-made but ONE MIGHTY IN POWER had taught him what he knew not. The Honorable Elijah Muhammad had never received any more than a fourth grade education, yet his heart was true in what he saw and he saw the greatest of the Signs of his Lord.
The more converts that he made in the cities, in the by-ways, and in the highways of this land, along with receiving honor and fame abroad, the powerful leaders and rulers of this world grew in opposition. As the baby Nation of Islam came to birth in America, the world rulers were shaken in their foundation to learn of this miraculous achievement, and are today frustrated in plans to prevent our survival. The theme of the Holy Qur'an and Bible that most clearly defines this struggle is revealed in the history of Pharaoh's opposition to Moses and Aaron in the delivery of Israel in bondage in Egypt.
THE NATION OF ISLAM WAS founded on the basis of peace and as an answer to a prayer of Abraham to deliver his people who would be found in servitude slavery in the Western Hemisphere in this day and time. The Flag of Islam with the symbols of the Sun, Moon, and the Stars, represent the Universe and is also a Banner of Universal peace and Harmony. Our Holy Temples of Islam were established in America as sanctuaries of peace and higher learning into the Knowledge of the Oneness of God. Our schools are called Universities of Islam and teach the higher meaning of Islam which is Mathematics. We have always been taught to respect the laws of the land. We are taught never to carry arms, to make war or to be the aggressor, for this is against the nature of the righteous. We are taught the Principles of Divine Unity and the Universal Brotherhood of Islam.
We are taught cleanliness inwardly and outwardly with the practice of good manners and respect to one and all. We are taught that the family is the back bone of society and that our children must be reared to reflect the highest morals and training to perfect our society. We are trained to eat and to prepare the best of foods for the longevity of life, without the use of alcohol, smoking and substance abuse which endangers the ethics of healthy living. We are taught to respect and protect our women who are the mothers of civilization.
Our women are taught a dress code of modesty that will lead to the practice of high morality. We are trained to be an exemplary community expressing the highest spiritual goals for the reform of ourselves and others based on wisdom, knowledge and beauty.
Contrary to the inflammatory rhetoric that has been utilized by the news media and some community leaders to condemn the positive effects of Islam's influence in today's modern society, just the opposite is being proven true. The Nation of Islam (The Nation of Peace) represents hope to millions of our people in America and around the globe who have been deprived of the high standards of a righteous way of life.
This unity and love so sorely absent from our communities was genuinely exemplified by the millions of participants on the day of the Million Man March held in Washington, D.C., October 16, 1995. The exemplary Spiritual Leadership of Minister Louis Farrakhan in the rebuilding of the Nation of Islam in America is showing the way in the breaking down of barriers of communication throughout the society regardless to one's religious, racial, or ideological beliefs and views.
Through God's Divine Guidance, we are extending this Divine Work of moral and spiritual reform throughout the Western Hemisphere. God's Light and Truth will prevail against the darkness and falsehood of all opposition. In spite of the controversy and clamor surrounding the Nation of Islam and it's Divine Leader, Minister Louis Farrakhan, we are forging ahead in the Spirit of Almighty God, Allah, to unite with all of humanity in the Oneness of God, where all people of goodwill of every Race and of every Nation may participate in the Universal Expression of the Principles of Peace and the Brotherhood of man. This is the Beautiful Community of the Nation of Islam that is coming to birth in America on this Farthest Western Horizon in fulfillment of the Prophecy that God would meet with Muhammad for a second time and reveal to His servant What He Revealed. Thus the world is witnessing the Sun of Islam arising in the West. Praise the Holy Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.
Where do we go from here in the remaining four years of the twentieth century? Will we continue to argue, to condemn, to fight and kill one another; or will we sit down and counsel with one another in seeking a just solution to the problems that beset us in America and in the world? Wisdom decrees that in counsel and in dialogue is the way to peace. Foolishness decrees that if we ignore the warning signs, we will fall into the deeper abyss of Hell. God is the Judge today; and most surely upon Him do the Believers rely!
Document written by Minister, Writer, Music Composer
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Mother Tynetta Muhammad
March 28, 1996 NOI.org
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Q: Cant resolve my external domain name internally i have an active directory domain called example.com which uses an reverse proxy.
when im outside of the internal network test.example.com and example.com/test works, but inside my network they dont resolve.
dns is set to my DC controller, but when i change to 8.8.8.8 it works, if i choose my router it wont work because dns is set to my DC controller in the dhcp settings.
is there anything i can do ?
im using: Pfsense, lets encrypt and Windows Server 2016
Thanks

A: As your local domain and your remote domain are the same you need to setup a split DNS setup.
That mean you need to recreate the external entry in your local DNS.
In your DC create all external entry, like test.example.com or www.example.com and direct it to the correct external IP.
The only difficult IP to change is the domain name, as if in a browser a user type the short name, aka example.com, it will resolve to your DC and you can't change that one, but if you can run a IIS on the DC you can use a IIS rewrite module that would rewrite example.com to www.example.com, thus would redirect to the correct IP.
Some admins create the local domain under a subdomain to prevent such headache. In your case it would had been like corpo.example.com for your local domain, and example.com would be hold on the external for query that target it.

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Editor: Katrin Eich ► When his contemporaries heard the works that Johannes Brahms had composed during his summer holiday in Ischl in 1893 – the Piano Pieces op. 118 –, they were delighted. Clara Schumann was one of the first to be allowed to get to know the new pieces, and she attested that they contained "a wealth of sentiment in the smallest of dimensions". Philipp Spitta fittingly said that the works were "perfect for slowly absorbing in solitude and tranquillity". Opus 118 contains two of the composer's bestknown miniatures – the Intermezzo in A major and the Romanze in F major. We particularly recommend this volume, based on the musical text in the New Brahms Complete Edition, to all those who wish to immerse themselves in the world of Brahms' late works.


In 2011, Jim Grant chastised the Fed about replacing the Gold Standard with the PhD Standard. Our "reward" is coming up.
Here is the pertinent video clip of James Grant.
"The 2007-2009 real estate debacle is the monetary equivalent of a chain reaction on a foggy California freeway. The trouble with our monetary mandarins is they [the Fed] believe impossible things. They have persuaded themselves that the central bank can pick the interest rate that will cause the GDP to grow, payrolls to expand, and prices to levitate by just two percent a year, as they measure it. It is impossible as experience and common sense attest. Yet, they hold it to be true. ... William F. Buckley famously and persuasively said that he would rather be governed by the first 400 names in the Boston phone directory than by the faculty of Harvard. Unaccountably, this Congress has entrusted the value of the dollar that we own, that we transact to an independent committee dominated by monetary scholars. In one short generation we have moved to the PhD standard from the gold standard."
Grant is correct. The result has been a series of economic bubbles with increasing amplitudes over time.
The Alps Precious Metals Group commented on Grant in its latest monthly letter.
Jim Grant is spot-on in his description of what has transpired: "We have replaced the Gold Standard with the PhD Standard."
Consistent with our post-Modern zeitgeist, we have traded the wisdom of old for the cockiness of what I call the "We're much smarter now" syndrome. Hence the propensity of Western governments over the last 50 years to deplete their supplies of the "barbarous relic" as Gold's time "has passed".
Tulips, South Sea and Florida Real Estate ventures, Roaring '20's stocks bought at 10x leverage as a norm, as well as innumerable investment ideas since 1971 when Nixon closed the Gold window are all examples of investments based solely on confidence, the ebb and flow of which resulted in volatile "risk on and off" episodes.
The last material loss of confidence in the system was in 2008/early 2009; which resulted in a series of experiments whose 9-year anniversary is upon us.
What happens when Common Knowledge changes and moves over to something else that "everyone knows that everyone knows"? Not unlike the ferocious tornados which rip across the American continent when winter turns to spring, the change may be rapid and violent.
To conclude, here are a series of current charts which we believe lend credence to why we suggest that a material allocation to Physical Precious Metals held OUTSIDE the status quo financial system is warranted for any investment portfolio.
Here we are in equity and junk bond La-La land, with Trump starting trade wars and threatening real wars, and with the Fed hiking away, totally ignorant of the bubbles they created, just as the economy is weakening.
Good luck with those PhDs.
Actually the only gold standard that exists is one in which citizens can exhange currency for gold from the government at a fixed rate. This existed prior to 1932 when FDR decreed that citizens could no longer own gold. Prior to this, if you had a threshold amount of currency, I believe $10,000, you could surrender your gold certificates for gold coin or silver certificates for silver coin at the Treasury.
@Stuki Thank you for staying on point. You seem to agree that most Gold Standards tried in human history have actually been Gold Standard+Empty paper promises and not Pure Gold standards. Do you think there is a fundamental reason why it has been that way?
With Gold Standard Federal Reserve insiders could trade physical gold before major policy annoucments. Just like today insiders can trade equities before Federal Reserve makes any announcments. Maybe announcments would be somewhat different nature, but by how much?
With Gold Standard Gold mining companies would suddenly own huge money supply by mining new gold. Just like today Financial institutions own huge money supply when they try to decide what to do with the money parked at Federal Reserve.
I would say that Gold mining is comparable to Bitcoin mining in sense that it wastes labor and energy. The office "finance engineers" just waste few kwh/day while being in front of computer "everything else being the same".
P.S. I find fascinating the Khan Academy explanation on Gold Standard here - https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain/core-finance/money-and-banking/banking-and-money/v/banking-17-what-happened-to-the-gold. I came to Mish's site because of Khan Academy endorsment when Sal explained multiple "inflation" definitions. However, while reading this blog for 7 years I think that while Mish quite often brings valid points, he sometimes forgets to fill in important details. For example, Mish in one article asked "what would be Federal debt service costs if interest rates rise to 5%?", but he never mentioned in article how much of federal debt is rolled over each year, which would help him build stronger case to support his argument.
Getting off the gold standard. A short discussion of the meaning of wealth.
"With Nearly every comment Whirlaway shows complete ignorance. Today we have incorrect platitudes and strawmen about what Libertarians believe. As for bubbles under gold standard..."
My comment was neither incorrect nor a strawman. We are seeing the wreckage caused by the kind of policies that neoliberals and libertarians have supported - cutting corporate taxes, gutting regulations and doing so-called free trade deals all over the place. You can try to run from the very things that you supported (and have resulted in the current disaster) but you cannot hide.
And I didn't make any comment about bubbles under gold standard so you are at best incorrect and at worst dishonest in making it appear as if I said anything about it.
Long VIX said (edited): @TheLege You still did not answer my main question - has gold standard ever in history prevented budget deficits that are the actual root cause for the eventual debasement? I will give a hypothetical example and you tell me where gold standard would have prevented debasement: 2019: US reintroduces gold standard. $1000 equal 1 ounce of gold (let's assume the Federal Reserve has this much gold in it vaults). Everyone who wanted gold standard is happy now!!! 2020-2024: US gets involved in a big War and runs additional $10 Trillion Budget deficit for 4 years. To sponsor this war, US emits War Bonds maturing in 10 years in total amount of $40 Trillions. 2030-2034: US has to finally pay its lenders when these war bonds start to mature. Initially government tries to run budget surplus to pay lenders (ie think hard-core Austerity). 2031: US enters recession due to austerity attempts. 2032: US Central Bank starts QE in pretext to heat economy. 2033: The promise that $10000 US dollars are equal 1 ounce of gold is broken at this point, because Central Bank has printed too much money. Everyone who wanted gold standard is unhappy now, because they can't redeem!!! Thinking that Gold Standard would have prevented US from getting involved in War, which is the actual root cause for debasement, is wishful thinking. Maybe the opposite - "the pretend that we have enough gold in the vaults" strategy may have actually helped all governments in WW2 to raise more money for War than it otherwise would have been able with fiat. Perhaps that is the reason why there haven't been any world wars while the whole world is on fiat, because the weaker opponent is more likely to capitulate early? Feel free to replace "war" with "electing hard-core socialists", "global natural catastrophe" etc For your record US Federal deficit during world war 2 (when US was on Gold Standard) was more than 20% of GDP. During the World War 1 it was more than 10% of GDP. And, yes, it is unfortunate that those who have kept dollars in their savings account for the last several years have been screwed compared to those who invested in equities. However, with perfect gold standard the roles who would get screwed and who would be winner would most likely be swapped. It is mathematically impossible to have functioning economy where both sides of the bet are doing good all the time.
@Long Vix. The beauty of a gold standard is that a) it anchors the amount of leverage that banks can legitimately extend (it won't stop unscrupulous dealers engaged in FRL but it'll give pause to all large, publicly listed lending institutions) which in itself will provide a brake to the egregious leverage situation we see today, and b) it allows the public to hold the financial sector to account should they lose faith i.e. the moment there are queues of citizens at banks demanding physical gold in exchange for deposits the money creation scheme that exists today will come to a grinding halt very rapidly (for obvious reasons, which, if you can't see why, means there is zero point continuing this discussion). No Central Bankers in a position of power today have been elected by or are accountable to the public in any way but an official gold standard would very emphatically introduce a degree of accountability and give citizens a say that they don't have right now. If none of the above makes sense you may wish to consider sharing your views on an alternative site as you'd be wasting your time here.
@long VIX Keep Gold in your savings account. Not paper emptily promised to be backed by Gold. Accept only Gold at your store, or if that's too onerous, exchange whatever paper and bits/bytes you collect during the day, for physical Gold. Every day.
Like you state, the problem with most Gold standards, have been that they have been Gold+empty-promise standards. Not Pure Gold standards with all prices quoted in ounces of Gold (debasing the ounce is probably harder than the dollar). But, even in a Gold+empty-promise standard, the fact that prices in the short term (until next tax day, most importantly) is quoted in a simple multiple of Gold, means actors can keep their savings in physical metal. Debasing also becomes much more obvious, if everyone has access to a solid yardstick, than if some privileged hacks are entitled to go shave some centimeters off the official meter at will in the dark of night.
Whereas today, keeping savings in Gold is risky, due to fluctuations In the Gold price vs the price of everything else, in particular taxes, that people have to pay. So even if there is a Government ran Mint inserting itself as some intermediary between pure metal and transacting actors, any gold standard that allows anyone, anytime, any day anywehere, to redeem for specie at a Mint/Fed, is still a huge step up from the purely confiscatory theft and redistribution scam that is a fiat regime. Whose sole and only purpose, is facilitating those of privilege stealing what they want from productive people, to hand the loot to their idle, unproductive closest associates.
Crypto currencies do improve things slightly over Gold, in that they make it easier, hence more friction free, to transact in pure "specie" (In addition to all the potential anonymity benefits). But the same improvements in communication that allows for crypto, also makes it safer to transact and keep savings in Gold; as it makes spreading your holdings out across vaults, countries and continents more convenient for the average Joe. Hence reducing the risk of physical theft/confiscation.


Published by : Putnam's, (New York :) Physical details: 468 p. ; 24 cm. ISBN:9780399153570 (trade bdg.); 0399153578 (trade bdg.); 9780399153570; 0399153578.
Subject(s): Physicians -- Malpractice -- Fiction. | Physicians -- Malpractice -- Fiction. | Medical novels. | Mystery fiction. | Boston (Mass.) -- Fiction. | Boston (Mass.) -- Fiction. | Medical novels. | Suspense fiction.
New York medical examiner Dr. Jack Stapleton is contacted by his sister requesting his help in a malpractice suit against her husband Craig, a doctor who has, built a practice based on providing personalized care to select patients, and while he is able to prove Craig is not guilty of the charge against him, Jack does learn an even more disturbing fact about his brother-in-law.


text:
"""
Module to read / write wav files using NumPy arrays

Functions
---------
`read`: Return the sample rate (in samples/sec) and data from a WAV file.

`write`: Write a NumPy array as a WAV file.

"""
from __future__ import division, print_function, absolute_import

import sys
import numpy
import struct
import warnings

__all__ = [
    'WavFileWarning',
    'read',
    'write'
]

class WavFileWarning(UserWarning):
    pass

WAVE_FORMAT_PCM = 0x0001
WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT = 0x0003
WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE = 0xfffe
KNOWN_WAVE_FORMATS = (WAVE_FORMAT_PCM, WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT)

# assumes file pointer is immediately
#  after the 'fmt ' id

def _read_fmt_chunk(fid, is_big_endian):
    """
    Returns
    -------
    size : int
        size of format subchunk in bytes (minus 8 for "fmt " and itself)
    format_tag : int
        PCM, float, or compressed format
    channels : int
        number of channels
    fs : int
        sampling frequency in samples per second
    bytes_per_second : int
        overall byte rate for the file
    block_align : int
        bytes per sample, including all channels
    bit_depth : int
        bits per sample
    """
    if is_big_endian:
        fmt = '>'
    else:
        fmt = '<'

    size = res = struct.unpack(fmt+'I', fid.read(4))[0]
    bytes_read = 0

    if size < 16:
        raise ValueError("Binary structure of wave file is not compliant")

    res = struct.unpack(fmt+'HHIIHH', fid.read(16))
    bytes_read += 16

    format_tag, channels, fs, bytes_per_second, block_align, bit_depth = res

    if format_tag == WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE and size >= (16+2):
        ext_chunk_size = struct.unpack(fmt+'H', fid.read(2))[0]
        bytes_read += 2
        if ext_chunk_size >= 22:
            extensible_chunk_data = fid.read(22)
            bytes_read += 22
            raw_guid = extensible_chunk_data[2+4:2+4+16]
            # GUID template {XXXXXXXX-0000-0010-8000-00AA00389B71} (RFC-2361)
            # MS GUID byte order: first three groups are native byte order,
            # rest is Big Endian
            if is_big_endian:
                tail = b'\x00\x00\x00\x10\x80\x00\x00\xAA\x00\x38\x9B\x71'
            else:
                tail = b'\x00\x00\x10\x00\x80\x00\x00\xAA\x00\x38\x9B\x71'
            if raw_guid.endswith(tail):
                format_tag = struct.unpack(fmt+'I', raw_guid[:4])[0]
        else:
            raise ValueError("Binary structure of wave file is not compliant")

    if format_tag not in KNOWN_WAVE_FORMATS:
        raise ValueError("Unknown wave file format")

    # move file pointer to next chunk
    if size > (bytes_read):
        fid.read(size - bytes_read)

    return (size, format_tag, channels, fs, bytes_per_second, block_align,
            bit_depth)

# assumes file pointer is immediately after the 'data' id
def _read_data_chunk(fid, format_tag, channels, bit_depth, is_big_endian,
                     mmap=False):
    if is_big_endian:
        fmt = '>I'
    else:
        fmt = '<I'

    # Size of the data subchunk in bytes
    size = struct.unpack(fmt, fid.read(4))[0]

    # Number of bytes per sample
    bytes_per_sample = bit_depth//8
    if bit_depth == 8:
        dtype = 'u1'
    else:
        if is_big_endian:
            dtype = '>'
        else:
            dtype = '<'
        if format_tag == WAVE_FORMAT_PCM:
            dtype += 'i%d' % bytes_per_sample
        else:
            dtype += 'f%d' % bytes_per_sample
    if not mmap:
        data = numpy.frombuffer(fid.read(size), dtype=dtype)
    else:
        start = fid.tell()
        data = numpy.memmap(fid, dtype=dtype, mode='c', offset=start,
                            shape=(size//bytes_per_sample,))
        fid.seek(start + size)

    if channels > 1:
        data = data.reshape(-1, channels)
    return data

def _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian):
    if is_big_endian:
        fmt = '>I'
    else:
        fmt = '<I'

    data = fid.read(4)
    # call unpack() and seek() only if we have really read data from file
    # otherwise empty read at the end of the file would trigger
    # unnecessary exception at unpack() call
    # in case data equals somehow to 0, there is no need for seek() anyway
    if data:
        size = struct.unpack(fmt, data)[0]
        fid.seek(size, 1)

def _read_riff_chunk(fid):
    str1 = fid.read(4)  # File signature
    if str1 == b'RIFF':
        is_big_endian = False
        fmt = '<I'
    elif str1 == b'RIFX':
        is_big_endian = True
        fmt = '>I'
    else:
        # There are also .wav files with "FFIR" or "XFIR" signatures?
        raise ValueError("File format {}... not "
                         "understood.".format(repr(str1)))

    # Size of entire file
    file_size = struct.unpack(fmt, fid.read(4))[0] + 8

    str2 = fid.read(4)
    if str2 != b'WAVE':
        raise ValueError("Not a WAV file.")

    return file_size, is_big_endian

def read(filename, mmap=False):
    """
    Open a WAV file

    Return the sample rate (in samples/sec) and data from a WAV file.

    Parameters
    ----------
    filename : string or open file handle
        Input wav file.
    mmap : bool, optional
        Whether to read data as memory-mapped.
        Only to be used on real files (Default: False).

        .. versionadded:: 0.12.0

    Returns
    -------
    rate : int
        Sample rate of wav file.
    data : numpy array
        Data read from wav file. Data-type is determined from the file;
        see Notes.

    Notes
    -----
    This function cannot read wav files with 24-bit data.

    Common data types: [1]_

    =====================  ===========  ===========  =============
         WAV format            Min          Max       NumPy dtype
    =====================  ===========  ===========  =============
    32-bit floating-point  -1.0         +1.0         float32
    32-bit PCM             -2147483648  +2147483647  int32
    16-bit PCM             -32768       +32767       int16
    8-bit PCM              0            255          uint8
    =====================  ===========  ===========  =============

    Note that 8-bit PCM is unsigned.

    References
    ----------
    .. [1] IBM Corporation and Microsoft Corporation, "Multimedia Programming
       Interface and Data Specifications 1.0", section "Data Format of the
       Samples", August 1991
       http://www.tactilemedia.com/info/MCI_Control_Info.html

    Examples
    --------
    >>> from os.path import dirname, join as pjoin
    >>> import scipy.io as sio

    Get the filename for an example .wav file from the tests/data directory.

    >>> data_dir = pjoin(dirname(sio.__file__), 'tests', 'data')
    >>> wav_fname = pjoin(data_dir, 'test-44100Hz-2ch-32bit-float-be.wav')

    Load the .wav file contents.

    >>> samplerate, data = sio.wavfile.read(wav_fname)
    >>> print(f"number of channels = {data.shape[1]}")
    number of channels = 2
    >>> length = data.shape[0] / samplerate
    >>> print(f"length = {length}s")
    length = 0.01s

    Plot the waveform.

    >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    >>> import numpy as np
    >>> time = np.linspace(0., length, data.shape[0])
    >>> plt.plot(time, data[:, 0], label="Left channel")
    >>> plt.plot(time, data[:, 1], label="Right channel")
    >>> plt.legend()
    >>> plt.xlabel("Time [s]")
    >>> plt.ylabel("Amplitude")
    >>> plt.show()

    """
    if hasattr(filename, 'read'):
        fid = filename
        mmap = False
    else:
        fid = open(filename, 'rb')

    try:
        file_size, is_big_endian = _read_riff_chunk(fid)
        fmt_chunk_received = False
        data_chunk_received = False
        channels = 1
        bit_depth = 8
        format_tag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM
        while fid.tell() < file_size:
            # read the next chunk
            chunk_id = fid.read(4)

            if not chunk_id:
                if data_chunk_received:
                    # End of file but data successfully read
                    warnings.warn(
                        "Reached EOF prematurely; finished at {:d} bytes, "
                        "expected {:d} bytes from header."
                        .format(fid.tell(), file_size),
                        WavFileWarning, stacklevel=2)
                    break
                else:
                    raise ValueError("Unexpected end of file.")
            elif len(chunk_id) < 4:
                raise ValueError("Incomplete wav chunk.")

            if chunk_id == b'fmt ':
                fmt_chunk_received = True
                fmt_chunk = _read_fmt_chunk(fid, is_big_endian)
                format_tag, channels, fs = fmt_chunk[1:4]
                bit_depth = fmt_chunk[6]
                if bit_depth not in (8, 16, 32, 64, 96, 128):
                    raise ValueError("Unsupported bit depth: the wav file "
                                     "has {}-bit data.".format(bit_depth))
            elif chunk_id == b'fact':
                _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian)
            elif chunk_id == b'data':
                data_chunk_received = True
                if not fmt_chunk_received:
                    raise ValueError("No fmt chunk before data")
                data = _read_data_chunk(fid, format_tag, channels, bit_depth,
                                        is_big_endian, mmap)
            elif chunk_id == b'LIST':
                # Someday this could be handled properly but for now skip it
                _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian)
            elif chunk_id in (b'JUNK', b'Fake'):
                # Skip alignment chunks without warning
                _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian)
            else:
                warnings.warn("Chunk (non-data) not understood, skipping it.",
                              WavFileWarning, stacklevel=2)
                _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian)
    finally:
        if not hasattr(filename, 'read'):
            fid.close()
        else:
            fid.seek(0)

    return fs, data

def write(filename, rate, data):
    """
    Write a NumPy array as a WAV file.

    Parameters
    ----------
    filename : string or open file handle
        Output wav file.
    rate : int
        The sample rate (in samples/sec).
    data : ndarray
        A 1-D or 2-D NumPy array of either integer or float data-type.

    Notes
    -----
    * Writes a simple uncompressed WAV file.
    * To write multiple-channels, use a 2-D array of shape
      (Nsamples, Nchannels).
    * The bits-per-sample and PCM/float will be determined by the data-type.

    Common data types: [1]_

    =====================  ===========  ===========  =============
         WAV format            Min          Max       NumPy dtype
    =====================  ===========  ===========  =============
    32-bit floating-point  -1.0         +1.0         float32
    32-bit PCM             -2147483648  +2147483647  int32
    16-bit PCM             -32768       +32767       int16
    8-bit PCM              0            255          uint8
    =====================  ===========  ===========  =============

    Note that 8-bit PCM is unsigned.

    References
    ----------
    .. [1] IBM Corporation and Microsoft Corporation, "Multimedia Programming
       Interface and Data Specifications 1.0", section "Data Format of the
       Samples", August 1991
       http://www.tactilemedia.com/info/MCI_Control_Info.html

    Examples
    --------
    Create a 100Hz sine wave, sampled at 44100Hz.
    Write to 16-bit PCM, Mono.

    >>> from scipy.io.wavfile import write
    >>> samplerate = 44100; fs = 100
    >>> t = np.linspace(0., 1., samplerate)
    >>> amplitude = np.iinfo(np.int16).max
    >>> data = amplitude * np.sin(2. * np.pi * fs * t)
    >>> write("example.wav", samplerate, data)

    """
    if hasattr(filename, 'write'):
        fid = filename
    else:
        fid = open(filename, 'wb')

    fs = rate

    try:
        dkind = data.dtype.kind
        if not (dkind == 'i' or dkind == 'f' or (dkind == 'u' and
                                                 data.dtype.itemsize == 1)):
            raise ValueError("Unsupported data type '%s'" % data.dtype)

        header_data = b''

        header_data += b'RIFF'
        header_data += b'\x00\x00\x00\x00'
        header_data += b'WAVE'

        # fmt chunk
        header_data += b'fmt '
        if dkind == 'f':
            format_tag = WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT
        else:
            format_tag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM
        if data.ndim == 1:
            channels = 1
        else:
            channels = data.shape[1]
        bit_depth = data.dtype.itemsize * 8
        bytes_per_second = fs*(bit_depth // 8)*channels
        block_align = channels * (bit_depth // 8)

        fmt_chunk_data = struct.pack('<HHIIHH', format_tag, channels, fs,
                                     bytes_per_second, block_align, bit_depth)
        if not (dkind == 'i' or dkind == 'u'):
            # add cbSize field for non-PCM files
            fmt_chunk_data += b'\x00\x00'

        header_data += struct.pack('<I', len(fmt_chunk_data))
        header_data += fmt_chunk_data

        # fact chunk (non-PCM files)
        if not (dkind == 'i' or dkind == 'u'):
            header_data += b'fact'
            header_data += struct.pack('<II', 4, data.shape[0])

        # check data size (needs to be immediately before the data chunk)
        if ((len(header_data)-4-4) + (4+4+data.nbytes)) > 0xFFFFFFFF:
            raise ValueError("Data exceeds wave file size limit")

        fid.write(header_data)

        # data chunk
        fid.write(b'data')
        fid.write(struct.pack('<I', data.nbytes))
        if data.dtype.byteorder == '>' or (data.dtype.byteorder == '=' and
                                           sys.byteorder == 'big'):
            data = data.byteswap()
        _array_tofile(fid, data)

        # Determine file size and place it in correct
        #  position at start of the file.
        size = fid.tell()
        fid.seek(4)
        fid.write(struct.pack('<I', size-8))

    finally:
        if not hasattr(filename, 'write'):
            fid.close()
        else:
            fid.seek(0)

if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
    def _array_tofile(fid, data):
        # ravel gives a c-contiguous buffer
        fid.write(data.ravel().view('b').data)
else:
    def _array_tofile(fid, data):
        fid.write(data.tostring())

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Red Bag
Accompanying Materials
Red Bag News
Using the Red Bag in the Classroom
by axidpcqjxwn
"The Red Bag" is a great way to have kids think about a problem, form an opinion, and express it clearly in writing, and it's a great way to think about our watersheds and how to protect them.
Here's an example of using "The Red Bag" in the classroom. As part of the "Common Core State Standards with California Additions – Planning ELD Instruction: Third Grade," "The Red Bag" can be shown and then used as an opportunity to write an opinion piece:
Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons.
1. Introduce the topic or text they are writing about, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure that lists reasons.
2. Provide reasons that support the opinion.
3. Use linking words and phrases (e.g., because, therefore,
since, for example) to connect opinion and reasons.
4. Provide a concluding statement or section.
Earth Links, Inc. is a nonprofit dedicated to bringing people and resources together.
Raindancer Media Ed Schehl has worked in film and video for over 30 years, focusing on producing documentaries centered around environmental and human rights issues.
Three Americas, Inc. is an educational and action organization which serves as a catalyst to link the people of the Americas through cooperative projects supporting social, environmental and economic justice.
ZunZun is a performing arts group that celebrates the environments and cultures of the Americas through music.
To see our water conservation videos,
The Red Bag is the first in a series of nonverbal educational videos. Using an interesting story line and music, these videos will entertain and educate grade school and middle school children about important environmental issues, like recycling, where our water comes from, watershed dynamics, and water conservation. The nonverbal aspect makes them a valuable teaching tool anywhere in the world.
Earth Links, Inc.
519 Seabright Ave, Ste. 216
Santa Cruz CA 95062
Email elinks@cruzio.com
ZunZun
Email zunzun@zunzuntunes.com
Copyright © 2020 Earth Links, Inc.


text:
We want to keep you safe at OCC!
Check out the hub for important info on spring semester opening.
Future Student or Family Member
Student's Job Becomes "Essential" During The Pandemic
Roger Mirabito
Sarah Smith, '20 worked on the front line of the pandemic during her final semester at OCC.
When Sarah Smith started working at Wegman's as a cashier four years ago, she was a high school student trying to save money for college. After graduating from Bishop Ludden in 2018, she came to Onondaga Community College and kept working while enrolled in the Humanities degree program. She had no way of knowing how critical her part-time job would become.
During the spring 2020 semester, the COVID-19 pandemic turned everything upside down. Classes went from in-person to online. And while most businesses closed for at least a short period, grocery stores were declared essential and their employees kept working in a constantly changing environment. "During that time I was thinking about how I was going to adapt to online classes and deal with a job that was on the front lines. I didn't want to expose my family to anything while also trying to help customers safely."
Smith continued in her role as a cashier but her surroundings changed significantly. While customers waited in her line they needed to remain 6 feet apart. Smith was required to sanitize the checkout counter conveyor belt after each customer placed their groceries on it. And a large piece of plexiglass was installed at each checkout to protect both employees and shoppers from potentially infecting each other. "Working in that environment made me realize how much we took for granted. People used to think of it as a place to stop by whenever. Now it was essential. Grocery store workers were being recognized more for all of the hard work it takes to keep things going."
Through it all Smith kept working at Wegman's and completed work toward her degree at OCC. She was a highly decorated student, attending tuition-free as a member of the first class in the Lillian Slutzker Honors College. She was also a member of honor society Phi Theta Kappa. In the fall she will transfer to SUNY-ESF where she will pursue a degree in Natural Resources Management.
Related Curriculum
Liberal Arts & Sciences: Humanities & Social Sciences A.A.
Learn, connect, grow
Onondaga Community College
Related News in News Briefs
Spring Sports On Pause
"He's What The Country Needs At This Particular Moment"
School of Math, Science & Engineering Giving Students A Strong Foundation
4585 West Seneca Turnpike
Partnerships & Initiatives


My family and I arrived in Jumeirah Village Triangle (JVT) in 2011 when it was much like a ghost town. It's grown incredibly since then and we are excited by all the developments. We wish for this blog to contribute to a vibrant and welcoming community. We hope other residents will enjoy reading these musings and that the site will also provide a space for residents to exchange information and get to know more about others living here.
What do you think about living in JVT?
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Post a notice about missing pets.
Are you looking for a running buddy or a tennis mate? Let others know here.
Why not organize a coffee morning to meet your neighbors?
Stories by guest authors are welcome anytime.
If you're starting a community activity, inform others through this site. Share information about things which concern you and the community.
Feel free to send us your messages for posting through the Contact Us page.
JVT is a freehold community located between Emirates Road and Al Khail Road in Dubai. It is 30 minutes from the Dubai International Airport and 15 minutes to the beach or Marina area. This website does not represent the views of the developer. The site is a private community initiative and is not associated in any way with Nakheel. Information received from Nakheel may be posted from time to time and will be appropriately credited. The site's editor cannot be held liable for any inaccurate information provided through the posts to this site.
We will endeavour to post your messages within 48 hours in the relevant section. Kindly note that all posts will be screened of inappropriate content. Any insensitive or derogatory comments will not be accepted.


text:
Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 review
Samsung's first 10in tablet is remarkably light and thin, but is it too much of a lightweight for its own good? We take a closer look in our review.
by: Alan Lu
1. Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 review
The Galaxy Tab 10.1 is the latest tablet from Samsung and while it may not be the first Android 3.0 Honeycomb tablet on the market it's certainly one of the most striking. It's just 9mm thick, so it's just as slim as the slender iPad 2, if not a hair thinner.
The Tab 10.1 is also very light for a tablet with a 10.1in screen weighing in at 558g 43g less than Apple's market dominating tablet. Although this may not sound like much, it does make an appreciable difference. The Tab is more comfortable to hold for long periods of time than other 10in tablets. It's obviously still not as effortless to hold as a featherweight ereader such as the 247g Amazon Kindle, but the low weight and thin profile are still remarkable especially when compared to far chunkier Android tablets.
physical compromises have been made to make the Tab 10.1 so light and thin.
We suspect the Tab 10.1's plastic build helped Samsung achieve this low weight and thinness. Unfortunately the plastic chassis isn't as sturdy as other tablets we've seen. It feels a bit creaky and flexes under pressure more than we'd like. The plastic back looks especially cheap. Although we would treat any tablet, or any other computer for that matter, with care, we would be especially careful with the Tab 10.1.
Other physical compromises have been made to make the Tab 10.1 so light and thin. Unlike some other Android tablets there's no memory card reader, HDMI port or USB ports full-sized or mini. There's a proprietary dock connector instead for charging, interfacing with a PC and connecting to a TV or projector using an adapter (sold separately). Although these omissions are understandable, they also remove some of the reasons for choosing a non-Apple tablet. Although a physical keyboard dock will be available, there's still no word on a SD card adapter like the one available for the iPad 2. Just as annoying as the use of an uncommon, proprietary cable for charging is the Tab's refusal to charge over a computer's USB port or third party USB chargers.
Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 review - currently reading


text:
HIGHEST-PAID ATHLETES IN THE WORLD 2022 WITH THEIR EARNINGS - LegitWap
HIGHEST-PAID ATHLETES IN THE WORLD 2022 WITH THEIR EARNINGS
HIGHEST-PAID ATHLETES IN THE WORLD 2022 WITH THEIR EARNINGS ACCORDING TO FORBES: The Top 50 Sports Stars Combined To Make Nearly $3 Billion In A Year, Crushing The Record
LeBron James, Kevin Durant and Stephen Curry own thriving media companies in the world today. Serena Williams is behind a venture capital firm with a new $111 million fund. Naomi Osaka on the other hand has more than 20 corporate partners and is the founder of a skincare line. Tom Brady also added a massive partnership with cryptocurrency exchange FTX while launching Autograph, an NFT platform of his own.
Today's sports stars are much more than athletes. They're marketing gold for the world's biggest brands and entrepreneurs themselves, at the highest levels making far more money off the field than on it.
CHECK ALSO: America Top Richest Black CEOs: Biographies and Net Worth 2023
The world's 50 highest-paid athletes collected an astounding $2.97 billion before taxes and agents' fees over the last 12 months, thereby smashing 2021 record total by 8%—more than $200 million. Endorsement deals and other off-the-field endeavors accounted for $1.06 billion of that total, beating the record $1.04 billion posted by last year's group.
Soccer's two biggest names took pay cuts as they switched clubs this season, but a boost from their sponsors keeps them at the front of the pack, with Paris Saint-Germain's Lionel Messi landing at No. 1 for the second time with $130 million and Manchester United's Cristiano Ronaldo sliding in at No. 3 with $115 million. James, who broke the $100 million mark for the first time, splits the longtime rivals, finishing No. 2 with $121.2 million. Osaka, the Japanese tennis ace with a swarm of sponsors, takes the top spot on the women's side with $59.2 million, coming in at No. 19 overall.
The list is filled with notable numbers, however, even at the bottom: The cutoff to make the top 50 rose from $34 million last year to $37.6 million, the highest threshold ever.
Below, see the world's 50 highest-paid athletes. Information about the methodology Forbes used to compile the list, which captures income the athletes collected between May 1, 2021, and May 1, 2022, can be found here.
Lionel Messi. Soccer. $130M. $75M. $55M.
LeBron James. Basketball. $121.2M. $41.2M. $80M.
Cristiano Ronaldo. Soccer. $115M. $60M. $55M.
Neymar. Soccer. $95M. $70M. $25M.
Stephen Curry. Basketball. $92.8M. $45.8M. …
Kevin Durant. Basketball. $92.1M. $42.1M. …
Roger Federer. Tennis. $90.7M. $700K. …
Canelo Alvarez. Boxing. $90M. $85M.
Elon Musk Net Worth 2022 Forbes: Where billionaire ranks on Forbes
HIGHEST-PAID ATHLETES IN THE WORLD 2022
ALBUM: SMTOWN – 2022 Winter SMTOWN : SMCU PALACE
HIGHEST-PAID ATHLETES IN THE USA 2022 WITH THEIR EARNINGS


text:
Microsoft to offer full refunds for digital purchases of Cyberpunk 2077
(Image Credit: CD Projekt Red)
Izaak
The digital version of Cyberpunk 2077 can now be fully refunded for Xbox players.
This means that every digital console release of Cyberpunk 2077 can be refunded at will.
Microsoft has decided to expand their refund policy following the fan backlash from the Cyberpunk 2077 release.
The refund policy for the digital Xbox version of Cyberpunk 2077 now allows players to return the game at full value until further notice. At the moment, Microsoft hasn't stated how long this refund period will last, and it encourages players unhappy with the Xbox version of the game to follow this link in order to request a refund.
While we know the developers at CD PROJEKT RED have worked hard to ship Cyberpunk 2077 in extremely challenging circumstances, we also realize that some players have been unhappy with the current experience on older consoles.
— Xbox Support (@XboxSupport) December 18, 2020
To date, we have granted refunds to the vast majority of customers who have requested one. To request an Xbox refund for Cyberpunk 2077, please follow the steps listed on our Xbox refund page here: https://t.co/04TcniwVzy
Cyberpunk 2077 can now be refunded on all consoles
Cyberpunk 2077 has had a difficult release to say the least. While the PC version of the game still has its own bugs and performance issues, the console versions have had it noticeably worse.
This issue is further compounded by the fact that CD Projekt Red had withheld and blockaded reviews for the console version of the game until the day before its release, preventing console players from even having access to information about the game before purchasing.
This is likely because CD Projekt Red had hoped to release a console patch to improve its performance before the reviews were released. However, the fact that CD Projekt Red wasn't able to release a suitable patch in time, meant that most console players played a version of Cyberpunk 2077 that was buggy.
At the moment, Sony has begun offering full refunds and are withholding the game on their digital marketplace, while Microsoft has chosen to just offer full refunds.
Please, don't delist the game. Give us players an option, not like some anti-consumer companies that don't give.
— Wower (@creepysesame) December 18, 2020
PC players who are unsatisfied with the game do not currently have a special refund agreement beyond the normal refund policies of Steam and the CD Projekt Red owned GOG default policies.
Should players refund Cyberpunk 2077?
Anyone who is sufficiently unsatisfied with Cyberpunk 2077 should absolutely pursue a refund.
While aggressively chasing a refund is not appropriate in all situations, especially when the product is accurately represented and buyers are sufficiently forewarned, the release of Cyberpunk 2077 has had enough problems associated with it that both players and companies alike should feel comfortable with the refund process.
Regardless of the high emotions associated with Cyberpunk 2077, the fact remains that refunding the game is generally a safe choice regardless of how players feel about it.
Even if players truly believe that CD Projekt Red will fix the game in time, there is nothing prohibiting players from refunding the game now and buying it in a few months after they've refined the game a bit more.
Anyone who thinks they will eventually become frustrated with the game as it is now, should try again later and preserve their first experiences with Cyberpunk 2077 for a more polished release.
What are the chances of Cyberpunk 2077 being satisfactorily fixed?
For players worried that the current buggy iteration of Cyberpunk 2077 will be the only version of the game, don't worry too much. There are plenty of examples of games being improved post release. Perhaps, the most famous of those was the re-release of Final Fantasy XIV, which took it from the somewhat dull MMO it was, and turned it into one of the best MMOs currently on the market.
Among CD Projekt Red's own games, almost every one of them has been significantly improved post-release. The Witcher 1 and 2 eventually got free Enhanced Edition updates, and The Witcher 3 received vitally important performance updates in the months and years following its release.
As much as players are upset with the current version of Cyberpunk 2077, CD Projekt Red does have a history of giving their games marked improvements following their release, and while this will certainly remain a black mark on their record, it's something they will surely learn from.
PlayStation 4 (PS4) Xbox Cyberpunk 2077


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/**
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What's my best play if there's any issue on my background check with contacting my latest employer?
What to say if prospective employer asks if I'm still employed at XYZ job?
Got a remote job offer, how do I know that it's legitimate?


I am the current U-ology (freshmen seminar) teacher here at the U School. A big part of my job is to get freshmen acclimated to the various idiosyncrasies of our school. Completing and sharing student driven, student centered projects that have our 9th graders thinking way outside the box is one the most rewarding parts of working at the U School.
The 2017-2018 school year is my 2nd here in Philadelphia and at the U School. Previously, I worked for 5 years teaching history in New York City. I earned my Bachelor's Degree from New York University and my Master's from the City College of New York.
I look forward to continuing the great work being done here at the U School and getting to know the people and places of Philadelphia even better.


text:
Q: The most efficient MySQL query to get n models with m child models? I have a many to many relationship of photos to categories via lightboxes.
photos to lightboxes is many to many, categories to lightboxes is one to one.
The photos and lightboxaphotos pivot table both have millions of records.
What I need to do is for each category, which has a lightbox id, get the first three photos to show as a preview.
To do this in one query, I am currently doing this with UNION, like so:
(
SELECT
        photo_id,
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        category_name,
        category_id,
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ORDER BY
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UNION (
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UNION
-- ... etc for each category

Currently this takes about 1.8 seconds to run for 10 categories. The number of categories may hit the 100+ mark. I will use caching, but what I'm most interested in in the first place is using the most efficient query. How do I make this more efficient?
I don't know much about raw MySQL, as usually I would let Laravel handle this, but I'm on a legacy project that doesn't use Laravel.


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I was trying to change the walltime of jobs, configured for submission with slurm, and I noticed that setting the "pegasus.runtime" profile doesn't affect the walltime directive of the +remote_environment variable in the .sub file.
Instead Pegasus is setting a default value of 30000 seconds or 8h 20mins.
However, this happens when I specify the profile in the DAX. When I specify the profile in the TC it works as expected.
I've tested this with the latest panorama build and 4.8.3dev on workflow, and the issue is consistent in both cases.
I have attached a tar of the entire workflow directory. The generated files and submit folder can be found in the "myrun" directory.
To generate and plan a new workflow use "generate_plan.sh".


text:
News Pay & Benefits Flashpoints Pentagon & Congress Off Duty Education and Transition Veterans Military Honor Subscribe Now(Opens in new window)
Your Army
Soldier sold handgun to suspect in triple homicide that took Fort Hood soldier's life, police say
By Kyle Rempfer
Spc. Freddy Beningo Delacruz Jr., pictured with martial artist and actor Chuck Norris here, was one of three victims found shot dead in an apartment near Fort Hood on March 14, 2020. (Facebook)
A man arrested last week and charged with capital murder in the deaths of three roommates, including a Fort Hood soldier, was linked to the crime through ballistics analysis and a second, anonymous soldier's testimony, according to an affidavit released to Army Times Monday
The anonymous soldier told police he sold Barnard L. Morrow, 21, a 9mm handgun matching the one used to kill the three roommates in Killeen, Texas, this spring, the affidavit stated.
Morrow was arrested and charged with the murders of Spc. Freddy Delacruz Jr., 23; Asia Cline, 22; and Shaquan Allred, 23. All three were shot multiple times inside their unlocked apartment sometime after midnight on March 14.
Gunshots drew Killeen police to the apartment complex outside Fort Hood at roughly 1:40 a.m. There, they found Allred shot dead on a couch with a video game controller in his lap. Further inside the apartment, the officers found Cline slain in a bathroom and Delacruz killed on a bed.
Seventeen 9mm casings manufactured by Federal Ammunition, each head-stamped with "FC," were recovered from inside the apartment. The casings were sent to the Texas Department of Public Safety Crime Laboratory in Austin for analysis.
A fourth female roommate was working at the time of the shootings. She told police that the four of them had a "strict policy" to lock all windows and doors to the apartment.
She gave detectives Morrow's name and information, describing him as a "hot head," and said the roommates had experienced issues with him in the past, according to the affidavit. She also told detectives that Morrow had a tan handgun that shoots 9mm rounds, calling him "trigger happy" and violent, but said she did not know of Morrow making any threats against the three slain roommates.
Morrow was someone who frequently came over to the apartment, the fourth roommate told police. If the door was unlocked, as police said it was, it meant someone who the slain roommates were familiar with was coming over, the fourth roommate said.
"Earlier in the night before the shooting, [the fourth roommate] had a phone conversation with Shaquan Allred and he told her that the suspect was supposed to come over the night of the shooting because they were supposed to smoke together," the affidavit added.
Barnard Lnell Morrow, 21, was charged with capital murder of multiple persons, including a Fort Hood-based soldier, in March.
Detectives surveilled Morrow for two days and on March 20 pulled him over after he entered a vehicle carrying a black backpack and committed "multiple traffic violations," the affidavit stated.
A drug-sniffing dog conducted a "free air search of the vehicle" and honed in on the backpack. Inside, detectives found a clear plastic sandwich bag containing handgun ammunition, as well as a green and tan Canik 9x19 pistol loaded with 18 rounds of 9mm ammunition, each with an "FC" head-stamp.
Morrow was placed under arrest after the March 20 traffic stop for failing to wear his seat-belt. He was taken to an interview room and read his rights, which he said he understood, but waived those rights and agreed to talk to detectives anyway, the affidavit stated.
Morrow told the officers that he took the black backpack containing the handgun from a person playing basketball in a local park and ran home about three days previously, which would have been after the three homicides.
The Canik 9x19 pistol was then sent to the crime lab in Austin, which determined that it was the handgun that fired the 17 shell casings found at the scene of the triple homicide on March 14.
Additionally, police later interviewed an unnamed soldier who told them that he sold a Canik 9x19 pistol in July or August 2019 to Morrow.
Texas man shot Fort Hood soldier over gun sale dispute and local woman helped afterward, affidavits say
An affidavit alleges that Brandon M. Olivares shot Pfc. Brandon S. Rosecrans at close range while he slept in his Jeep after the two men argued about the sale price of a gun.
Morrow was charged on Aug. 20 with capital murder of multiple persons and a warrant was issued for his arrest. Before he could be apprehended, Morrow fled Killeen and assistance was requested from the U.S. Marshals to locate him.
Morrow was ultimately found in Newton, Mississippi. He was arrested Friday at 6 a.m. without incident and was transported to the local Lauderdale County Jail while awaiting extradition back to Bell County, Texas.
Morrow's cell phone later provided more evidence in the form of a video clip, dated Nov. 10, 2019, that showed him waving a green and tan pistol side-to-side. The pistol appears to be the same Canik 9x19 that Morrow was arrested with, police wrote in the affidavit.
Delacruz, a cavalry scout who joined the Army in 2017, is one of five soldiers stationed at Fort Hood whose deaths have been publicly linked to foul play this year.
In recent months, the high number of violent crimes on the central Texas installation and in the surrounding community have drawn the attention of the public and Army senior leaders. An independent command climate review is now ongoing at Fort Hood, which is home to roughly 35,000 soldiers. The review is expected to complete by November.
In a visit to the base earlier this August, Army Secretary Ryan McCarthy told reporters the review, among other things, will attempt to identify causes of high crime rates in the area.
"The numbers are high here," McCarthy said during his two-day visit to Fort Hood in early August. "They are the highest, in most cases, for sexual assault and harassment and murders for our entire formation — the U.S. Army."
About Kyle Rempfer
Kyle Rempfer is an editor and reporter who has covered combat operations, criminal cases, foreign military assistance and training accidents. Before entering journalism, Kyle served in U.S. Air Force Special Tactics and deployed in 2014 to Paktika Province, Afghanistan, and Baghdad, Iraq.
Fort Hood deathscrime in the Armycrime around Army postsviolent crime rate in Killeenmilitary bases in Texas
New evidence declares soldier POW before death in Korean War
No initial evidence or eyewitness testimony pointed to his POW status.
Nov. 11, 1918: Wasted Lives on Armistice Day
Former Army reservist spied for Chinese government
Army reservist stole $53,000 while on the job
Army Times © 2022


ClassPass verses Equinox: Why You Should Commit to the Boutique Fitness Scene — The Fit Co.
Now that the unlimited ClassPass rate is close to, if not equal to, Equinox, many fitness consumers are questioning why they wouldn't just join Equinox. Here are some important factors for you to consider and why I personally chose the boutique fitness scene instead of the fitness empire.
I am not an Equinox enthusiast. Yes, their spaces are luxurious and the unlimited use of Kiehl products in their locker rooms an added bonus. From a convenience factor, they are literally within every two miles- if not every- mile in Manhattan and they are continuously expanding. If I want to hop on the nearest treadmill at almost any time at any place in a spa-like atmosphere with a plush newly washed towel waiting for me to wipe my sweat; sign me up.
What many don't know about Equinox is that their instructors are required to sign non-competes. They are not allowed to teach at another club or studio within a two mile radius of Equinox. As Equinox- or something owned by Equinox (i.e. Pure Yoga, Blink Fitness, previously Soulcycle before it went public) – is virtually in every mile in Manhattan, this knocks out pretty much an entire borough where the boutique fitness scene is hoping, as well as areas in Brooklyn, Westchester, Long Island and elsewhere.
There are some very talented Equinox instructors. I am not claiming that there are none. However, when you put such restrictions on people trying to earn a living, people will leave. Talent will go elsewhere. Wouldn't you?
This is where the boutique fitness studio scene enters; whether it's The Fit Co or elsewhere, boutique studios specialize in the fitness class in which they provide. We train our instructors so they understand our method and teach accordingly. We are passionate about the type of fitness we do offer and want that to translate to our clients experience and fitness level. Yes, some boutique studios do have their instructors sign non-competes (we do not do this at The Fit Co). But we don't exist on every block so it is way less restrictive.
It comes down to what you value most; convenience or quality?
I am not saying Equinox has no quality; I am simply saying the boutique fitness scene- as a whole- offers a higher caliber. Prior to becoming a fitness professional, I faced this choice and I chose to leave Equinox because of the talent drain I saw. That was my choice.
Of course, now as a studio owner, I am biased. I believe it is the quality of the workouts not the quantity you do. It is better for your body, it is better for your mind, and ultimately, if you think of it as quality and not quantity, it is better for your schedule.
That being said, I do believe some level of convenience is certainly important. Without it, working out may feel daunting and without accessibility, we set our clients up for failure in their fitness goals. I designed The Fit Co with this in mind; we offer a range of quality workouts throughout the day so you can have access to a range of quality, time efficient workouts. You don't need to come every day; by coming a few times a week and working hard when you are here, you will see and feel a difference.
For The Boutique Studio Scene to Succeed….
We need you. Without clients, it does not matter how good our product is, or what community we have created. We are smaller, often independently owned, and given our smaller size, know our clients. We hear our clients direct, and often make decisions based on first hand feedback received. By offering a quality, unique and more personalized service, whether you stay on ClassPass or choose a studio and purchases packages direct, or a combination of both, we hope you continue to support the boutique fitness studios.


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    #define NONSTRING
#endif

#define XMALLOC MALLOC RETURNS_NONNULL

#ifdef __COUNTER__ // Supported by GCC 4.3+ and Clang
    #define COUNTER_ __COUNTER__
#else
    #define COUNTER_ __LINE__
#endif

#ifndef NDEBUG
    #define UNITTEST static void CONSTRUCTOR XPASTE(unittest_, COUNTER_)(void)
#else
    #define UNITTEST static void UNUSED XPASTE(unittest_, COUNTER_)(void)
#endif

#endif // ndef MACROS_H


text:
Q: Show that the ring is unital? (Abstract algebra) HERE IS THE QUESTION:
For $a/b$ and $c/d$ rational numbers, say $\frac ab ≡ \frac cd \pmod 1$ if $\frac ab − \frac cd$ is an integer. Call the set of congruence classes mod 1, $\Bbb Q/\Bbb Z$.
 Define addition and multiplication in $\Bbb Q/\Bbb Z$ by working with representatives
between $0$ and $1$ as follows.
 If $0 < \frac ab < 1$ and $0 < \frac cd < 1$ then $\frac ab · \frac cd = \frac {ac}{bd}$ and
 $\frac ab + \frac cd =$ the fractional part of $\frac{ab+cd}{bd}$
MY PROBLEM:
SO I am really confused about what the unit in such a ring would be. Since $\frac ab$ and $\frac bc$ are both between $0$ and $1$, it is impossible to multiply any element with another element and get $1$ because when you multiply to numbers between $0$ and $1$ with each other, you end up with a number between $0$ and $1$. So I feel like this ring does not have a unit!!
Please help!

A: You are right, this ring has no unit. It is not even a nonunital ring because
$$([\tfrac12]+[\tfrac12])[\tfrac12]=[0]\ne[\tfrac12]= [\tfrac12][\tfrac12]+[\tfrac12][\tfrac12]$$

A: This multiplication operation is not well defined: if it were, then $\frac 12=\frac 11\frac 12=\frac 01\frac 12=\frac 02$ , which is absurd.
This addition operation is not well defined either: $\frac12=\frac32=\frac 11+\frac 12=\frac01+\frac12=\frac22=\frac02$.
So, there is evidentially an integrity problem in your source or your transcription.
Withdrawn until user explains (or fails to explain) how one is to multiply with $\frac01$ (the closure of addition necessitates that this is in the set.)