text:
Agility Fuel Systems and Hexagon Composites Successfully Close Merger
Agility Fuel Systems and Hexagon Composites have merged to form Agility Fuel Solutions, which will provide natural gas solutions for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles.
Agility Fuel Solutions (formerly Agility Fuel Systems)
Agility Fuel Systems, the leader in natural gas fuel systems for commercial vehicles, and Hexagon Composites, the global leader in composite cylinders for natural gas vehicles (NGVs), have finalized their merger effective October 3, 2016. The merger unites Hexagon Composites' CNG Automotive Products Division, which includes medium- and heavy-duty vehicle composite cylinder manufacturing operations and its bus systems, with Agility to form the new company, Agility Fuel Solutions. The new entity is owned equally by Hexagon Composites and Agility's current investors. Agility Fuel Solutions, with its deep technical expertise, world-class manufacturing capabilities and global footprint, is uniquely positioned to transform the global medium- and heavy-duty industry with innovative clean fuel technologies.
The strategic integration of the two companies will result in Agility Fuel Solutions having over 400 employees at five manufacturing facilities in North America, South America and Europe, two research and development centers, and sales offices on four continents ready to serve the global market, its customers and its stakeholders. The merger will reduce up-front costs for clean transportation technology, expediting the commercialization of new product ideas, accelerating returns on investments, and driving the adoption of natural gas in the world's commercial fleets.
"We are excited to combine two industry leaders to establish Agility Fuel Solutions which will allow us to continue to lead the global adoption of clean fuels through unmatched engineering, innovation and best value to our customers," says Kathleen Ligocki, CEO Agility Fuel Solutions.
"We look forward to this new chapter in Hexagon Composites' and Agility Fuel Systems' successful relationship. Agility Fuel Solutions is perfectly positioned to lead the global commercial vehicle market's transition to natural gas," says David Bandele, Chairman of the Board, Agility Fuel Solutions and Chief Financial Officer, Hexagon Composites.
Natural Gas is an economical and environmentally attractive fuel for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, addressing the world's environmental health with significantly lower emissions of greenhouse gases, NOx and particulate matter. It is a game changer for the global economy, especially when combined with renewable sources, and provides superior pricing stability relative to conventional liquid fuels.
Hexagon's Mobile Pipeline, Hydrogen Products and Light-Duty Vehicles divisions will continue to operate as Hexagon Composites.
Agility Fuel Solutions, headquartered in Santa Ana, CA, is the leading provider of highly- engineered and cost-effective natural gas fuel systems and Type 4 cylinders for medium- and heavy-duty commercial vehicles. Agility's proprietary natural gas fuel solutions enable the safe and effective use of natural gas as a vehicle fuel for local, regional and long-haul applications.
Hexagon Composites ASA
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Time to buy Bitcoin again ?
@ABC Dream on. Reminds me of the Golem BS in Florida.
@VentureCoinist Any insight on $wabi? @wabiico is re-branding.
@BTCDJS No idea! One day 5k the next nothing.
@BTCDJS @blurrCrystal @JpintoPedro @TheCryptoDog One more block is everybody ready?


The Supreme Court heard oral arguments today in the patent exhaustion case involving Monsanto's glyphosate-resistant soybeans. Acting in a pro bono basis, Mark Walters represented Mr. Bowman, the Indiana farmer accused of patent infringement. Decidedly not pro bono, Seth Waxman represented Monsanto, and Melissa Arbus Sherry spoke on behalf of the US Government.
My expectation here is that the court will side with Monsanto and find that a sale of patents seeds does not exhaust the patent rights as to progeny seeds that are grown. I will not be surprised if that result is 9-0. I suspect that there will also be a concurring opinion arguing that the Federal Circuit's conditional sale doctrine is bad law and that restrictions on the use of personal property do not normally bind subsequent purchasers who are not privy to that restriction agreement – regardless of whether the personal property is covered by a patent right.
There are two major questions at stake: (1) what is the scope of patent exhaustion for goods that are naturally self-reproducing; and (2) to what extent do use restrictions placed on a licensed grower (or manufacturer) persist as servitudes that create potential liability for downstream purchasers.
Everyone agrees that the first authorized and unrestricted sale of a patented article exhausts the patent rights in that particular article and allows the purchaser to use and sell the article without fear of patent liability. Bowman argues that, for seeds, this right to use includes the right to sow the seeds and use the harvest. Under Bowman's construct, once a seed is sold without restriction, the patent rights are exhausted to that seed and to its generations of progeny. Bowman's argument also relies upon the disputed assumption that the patent rights covering the initial seeds he purchased were actually exhausted. Monsanto has kept tight control over its product throughout the years and always requires farmers who want to plant its seeds to sign a technology licensing agreement. That agreement includes a promise not to save and replant seeds. Monsanto has argued that use restriction (or license limitation) is binding on subsequent purchasers – even those who purchase the seeds in a fungible commodity market without agreeing to any restriction. Thus, for Bowman to win, the court needs to find (1) that the rights in the original seeds were exhausted by the time Bowman purchased them from the commodity market and (2) that the exhaustion applies to all future progeny of the seeds. So far, the courts have sided with Monsanto.
Out of the gate, a plurality of justices appeared concerned about the policy implications of a decision in favor of Bowman.
Chief Justice Roberts: Why in the world would anybody spend any money to try to improve the seed if as soon as they sold the first one anybody could grow more and have as many of those seeds as they want?
There are several ways to answer this question: (1) an innovator could use contract law to ensure a better market structure; (2) patent rights are rarely sufficient alone to ensure profit; and (3) that soybeans are not really fungible in the way that you might think. The Court already knew the first two answers wanted to explore the third.
Mr. Walters: [S}eed that's available at a grain elevator is not a very good source of seed and farmers are not going to be able to eliminate the need to go to Monsanto or the other seed companies every year by going to the grain elevator. . . . Taking our example here where — where Petitioner bought commodity seeds, it's an undifferentiated mixture, it can't be overemphasized how different every single seed is, you don't know a Monsanto from a Pioneer from an Asgrow. You don't know the maturity rate. If I am a farmer, I need a particular maturity bean for my field because I don't want it to mature before it gets high enough for the combine to come around and cut it.
So you want to be able to have — you have all these things dialed in, these different variabilities. So if you go to the grain elevator and you don't know what exactly it is that you want and you just get a mixture, that's not going to be real -competitive at all to Monsanto's first generation seed. Now, the possibility of somebody selecting one and saying, ah, that's the exact one that I need for my field, I'm going to cultivate that and let it grow into enough seeds so I can plant my first crop, that would take a number of years to grow a 1,000-acre farm, and it's not — and by that time, farmers — the nature would have changed and evolved where you would want the latest disease resistance by that point….
Justice Scalia: Some of them would — would grow at different rates than others.
Mr. Walters: Absolutely. . . .
Justice Scalia: The original batch that he buys from Monsanto, in addition to being resistant to the chemical that kills the weeds, in addition to that, they all mature at the same rate.
Justice Scalia: So all the Monsanto seeds are not — are not fungible.
In addition to these elements, both Ms. Arbus Sherry and Mr. Waxman explained that the seed lines are additionally protected by PVPA certificates and that grain elevators are sales are prohibited by state and federal law from labeling its commodity goods as seed.
On the actual law of exhaustion Mr. Walters did not appear to fare so well.
Justice Sotomayor: I'm sorry. The Exhaustion Doctrine permits you to use the good that you buy. It never permits you to make another item from that item you bought. So that's what I think Justice Breyer is saying, which is you can use the seed, you can plant it, but what you can't do is use its progeny unless you are licensed to, because its progeny is a new item.
Mr. Walters: This is obviously a brand-new case where we're dealing with the — the doctrine of patent exhaustion in the context of self-replicating technologies.
It was around this point that Justice Breyer gave his best one-liner of the day, declaring that "three generations of seeds is enough." (see Buck v. Bell).
The government's Ms. Arbus Sherry began her discussion with a somewhat disingenuous parade of horribles that was quickly countered by Justice Scalia his is well known for his parades.
Ms. Arbus Sherry: If the concept is the sale of a parent plant exhausts the patentholder's rights not only with respect to that seed but with respect to all the progeny seed, we would have to go all the way back to the very first Roundup Ready plant that was created as part of the transformation event. Every single Roundup Ready seed in existence today is the progeny of that one parent plant and, as Your Honor pointed out, that would eviscerate patent protections. There would be no incentive to invest, not just in Roundup Ready soybeans or not even agricultural technology, but it's quite a bit broader than that.
In order to encourage investment, the Patent Act provides 20 years of exclusivity. This would be reducing the 20-year term to essentially one and only sale. It would be near impossible to recoup your investments with that first sale and so the more likely consequence is that research dollars would be put elsewhere.
Justice Scalia: That's a pretty horrible result, but let me give you another horrible result, and that is if — if we agree with you, farmers will not be able to do a second planting by simply getting the undifferentiated seeds from a grain elevator, because at least a few of those seeds will always be patented seeds, and no farmer could ever plant anything from a grain elevator, which means — I gather they use it for second plantings where the risks are so high that it doesn't pay to buy expensive seed. Now they can't do that any more because there's practically no grain elevator that doesn't have at least one patented seed in it.
Ms. Arbus Sherry: And the answer to that is this is actually not a traditional farming practice. Despite what Petitioner says, farmers do not generally go to grain elevators, buy commingled grain, plant it in the ground as seed.
Mr. Waxman's performance appears to be a tour-de-force, although he did not push for affirmance of the Federal Circuit's conditional sale doctrine. The one area where the court focused attention was on innocent infringement.
Justice Kagan: Mr. Waxman, there is a worrisome thing on the other side, though, too. And that is the Bureau position has the — has the capacity to make infringers out of everybody. And that is highlighted actually in this case by how successful this product is and how large a percentage of the market it has had.
So that — you know, seeds can be blown onto a farmer's farm by wind, and all of a sudden you have RoundUp seeds there and the farmer is infringing, or there's a 10-year-old who wants to do a science project of creating a soybean plant, and he goes to the supermarket and gets an edamame, and it turns out that it's Roundup seeds.
And, you know, these Roundup seeds are everywhere, it seems to me. There's, what, 90 percent of all the seeds that are around? So it seems as though — like pretty much everybody is an infringer at this point, aren't they?
Mr. Waxman: …Your point about the ubiquity of Roundup Ready's use is a fair one. I mean, this is probably the most rapidly adopted technological advance in history. The very first Roundup Ready soybean seed was only made in 1996. And it now is grown by more than 90 percent of the 275,000 soybean farms in the United States.
But size — that is, success — has never been thought and can't be thought to affect the contour of patent rights. You may very — with soybeans, the problem of blowing seed is not an issue for soybeans. Soybeans don't — I mean, it would take Hurricane Sandy to blow a soybean into some other farmer's field. And soybeans, in any event, are — you know, have perfect flowers; that is, they contain both the pollen and the stamen, so that they — which is the reason that they breed free and true, unlike, for example, corn.
The point that there may be many farmers with respect to other crops like alfalfa that may have some inadvertent Roundup Ready alfalfa in their fields may be true, although it's — it is not well documented. There would be inadvertent infringement if the farmer was cultivating a patented crop, but there would be no enforcement of that.
Justice Breyer: And some of the self-replicating items, which are infringing items, end up inadvertently all over the place. Is there anything — is there precautions that you take? I mean, is there anything in patent law that helps?
Justice Breyer: But you're just saying that would need a modification in patent law.
We can expect a decision by June.
This is a very good comment!!!!
They don't even know what the Church-Turing Thesis nor understand that we are trained to pick a level of abstraction and work at that level and then walk up and down the abstraction ladder.
You are mistaken, but that's OK, because I expect the supremes to be mistaken too. What we are really talking about with all this blathering is the legitimacy of the conditional sales doctrine and whether Quanta eliminated it once and for all. I think it did. I am not alone. Dr. Holman agrees with me.
Don't know about you but I file patents for artistic reasons and my own personal and spiritual growth. Business? Ha! Next they will claim the USPTO is under the department of commerce!
It's impossible to take you seriously, when you don't take the question seriously.
What you posted is rubbish, in view of the fact that I provided above, that the claims include molecules and plant cells.
Unless I am mistaken, you appear to be yet another waste of time on this board–and if I am mistaken, you have my apologies, although I won't bother to consider your response to this post.
In other words, you are blindly following what you think you understand.
You do not even realize just how clueless you are.
But please, continue to take pride in that.
You're taking what I said around backwards ta rd, I'm not saying I made the USSC do something, I'm saying that I made my world view what it is because of them having adopted it first. In other words, they imposed the world view on me, and I forced my world view to be what theirs was.
Doing just what I did is what has stubbornly eluded you.
Yes, MM now runs from the very link he was the first to post. Hey Malcolm, how about applying the Courts "Integration" to any real claims using the official USPTO Guidelines?
Go ahead show us how "brilliant" you really are.
Well said anon. Honest, and true.
That's called conversation when you integrate into the discussion validly made points – when you don't, when you choose to ignore them because you find them boring, or because they don't fit your agenda, or whatever, that's called getting on your soapbox and merely regurgitating the same old c_rrp.
Where are all the QQers wanting true conversation?
Thank you little circle for proving my points on what is truly low quality blogging.
Your credibility bottoms out with a comment like that.
Sort of when you thought 6 was like Einstein merely because he agreed with your point of view.
It's one thing to have an opinion. It's quite another to misrepresent law and fact in furtherance of that "opinion" and it is still quite another to be so self delusional as to deny your opponent their rightfully earned views.
Rather than the n_aked statement, SHOW 101 Integration Expert the error in how he his applying integration.
You will not because you cannot.
I recall that you too have chosen NOT to take up 101 Integration Expert's claim integration challenge – just as you also FAILED to take up the challenge of the Grand Hall Great Race challenge between a computer without software and a computer configured with software.
Having an opinion is all well and fine – but when that opinion wilts in the face of reason, of facts and of law, owning up to what the results show and a willingness to critically (and honestly) examine that opinion takes something called integrity. Being bull-headed and ignoring everything about you, closing your eyes, sticking your fingers in your ears and chanting la-la-la-la as loud as you can to preserve your 'opinion' merely requires being obstinate.
Ned, you obviously do not understand the art of encryption.
The art is ONLY transforming – all else is extra-solution processing.
And I would wish that posters posting in intellectual honesty would correctly state the law as it is without trying to spin to fit a certain agenda.
But the battle is "bigger" than that, and intellectual honesty is a casualty as to some, the ends justify whatever means.
No one is talking about claims that can be performed COMPLETELY in the mind.
This point has only been made like a dozen times.
"Two is an abstraction" is merely kicking up dust.
101 Integration Expert: Ned to further enlighten you as to exactly what "integration" is please read the following and learn it .
The first element of the claim is a bare Court created judicial exception (derived implicitly from the Congressional Statute of 101) followed by additional steps or claims that apply the judicial exception. In the case of the latter, analysis for extra-solution activity, (pre or post ) occurs to determine if the claims are integrated or instead pre-empt the judicial exception.
There is no MoT requirement of any kind with or without integration.
There is no PoN/analysis of any kind.
There is no ignoring steps ( dissection) of any kind in the concluding analysis.
You take the claims as a whole ( Integrated) and that's the law.
Now if you have any questions please let me know.
Excellent point to remind us all of anon. I can't recall who it was but a judge in the Alice oral arguments confronted an attorney on the legality of Benson and he totally backed down. I just wish once some attorney with some guts and a command of the law would say what you just stated!
101 Integration Expert: The ONLY requirement on "integration" from Prometheus is that the claims are "considered as a whole" in the concluding analysis. If I am wrong provide the exact quote from the case that says otherwise.
101 Integration Expert: Ned, I know exactly what "Integration" is. I am the one that introduced "Integration Analysis" to the blog remember?
And I am here telling you that there is no requirement that a process be "integrated" into a machine or transformation to be patent eligible subject matter.
That is why you replied with a personal attack on my credibility rather than an exact quote from the Court.
You have no evidence for your view whatsoever.
Now you can pretend ( as usual) that you didn't read it to avoid being defeated. But the facts and the law won't change.
anon, when we discuss law and policy here, we are free, I think, to express our opinions. We do not have to agree at all with court decisions. We can disagree.
"Can be performed" is a canard?
What it this Anon? A claim that does not require a machine or something physical is wholly mental.
they be applied to produce a new machine, article, process or composition.
I expect intellectual honesty as a BASELINE for anyone discussing law Ned.
Do you really think that that is too much to expect?
No Ned, it's foreclosure of the future use of a LoN/Natural Phenomena or abstract idea that makes a new and useful series of steps/acts an exception to patent eligible subject matter. This is repeated in all the Court case law right up to prometheus. Why can't you accept this well established point of law?
I'd have to look up the transcript, but I'm sure Schmeiser didn't spray his crop with glyphosate. He however, may have used it as a burndown before planting or shortly before harvest. Schmeiser did in fact sue Monsanto shortly after for contaminating his fields and won.
101, I think the basic problem hears is that you don't have any idea what integration is.
6, I think that comment about job security just about says it all.
I think the same problem may affect anyone prosecuting software cases, business method cases, medical diagnosis cases, or gene cases where their jobs substantially depend upon maintaining the status quo.
Anon, it is interesting how you do not see a difference between John Q Public expressing his opinion and a federal circuit court judge who has a duty to follow the law in the administration of justice.
I might add that the criteria or clue also advanced by the SC is that the clue to eligiblity was physicality. Thus, a series of mental steps is not eligible even if it is useful.
There is an amazing lack of "conversation" going on here from the likes of Malcolm and Ned Heller in view of valid points of law and fact that have been established.
Why, pray tell, could that be?
Is there a Lone Ranger marathon on TV?
You are aware that the actual issue here is patent exhaustion, that is, when 35 USC 271 has been exhausted, right?
I'm aware that the case is about exhaustion, yes. That's not what Hans and I were discussing in this particular sub-thread. But you go right on ahead. What is it that you wanted to say?
No Court has ever concluded an "integrated-MOT test" exist, let alone a requirement to pass such a thing. You are simply making stuff up.
I'm sorry, 101. But with the Mayo clarification of Diehr, I think they did make that very clear.
101, as we know, it is not whether the old claim elements pass the MOT, but whether the novel, ineligible elements are integrated. Mayo made this clear.
Ned your reasoning is rot with contradiction. In one post your argue there is a requirement to "integrates' in the MoT" and then in the next post you flip and argue passing the MoT does not mater but that elements being "integrated" meet certain conditions of novelty and eligibility.
It literally looks like you are making this stuff up as you go from post to post.
Ned, nothing you have said above is concluded by Prometheus.
The ONLY requirement on "integration" from Prometheus is that the claims are "considered as a whole" in the concluding analysis.
If I am wrong provide the exact quote from the case that says otherwise.
Benson remains law – no doubt.
But what people (many otherwise intelligent people) forget is that Benson has been cabined, and by itself is no longer good law.
You cannot read Benson in a vacuum. That is clear legal error.
Except for the fact that it is completely different, I might agree with you.
"Making" is covered by 35 USC 271. Nice strawman. No one is arguing otherwise.
No, the examiner simply wasn't familiar with a. the law, or b. his duty to apply it. I have a similar individual in my office. They exist. I have slowly brought him into some understanding, but he protests that his whole art unit would disappear and he wouldn't have $$$. I told him there were other things to examine.
How many Supreme Court cases are you mutinying against Ned?
Is this the same Ned that blasts Rader?
Ned – we don't you answer my accusations of your mutinies?
Cat got your tongue? Wheels fall off the Ned-Make-Up-Law Wagon?
Do you not realize how completely embarassing this must be for you?
For some reason Ned does not understand what the statutory categories of 101 are.
He thinks they are : machine, manufacture, composition of matter, or process of making a machine, manufacture, or composition of matter.
Well, if any of the examples in your list can be reduced to a a new and useful series of steps/acts then they are processes and can be patented as such according to the statute. Of course this is not taking into account the requirement for overcoming the judicial exception.
Of course you are right, quite factually correct. But the Court said they are abstract ideas, I believe it was in Benson?
It drives me crazy every time I listen to an oral argument and some judge challenges an attorney by saying, So Benson was wrong then?
And the attorney just wilts and back peddles and says , no, no, your honor Benson was not wrong.
Just once I would like to hear an attorney stand up to the court and says he ll yes Benson was wrong and the sheet needs to be overturned. Maybe that will be you Les, or NWPA.
BTW, if you Les, NWPA, anon, Just saying, E.G., want to be on a pro bono dream team to challenge the Supreme Court on Benson just let me know and I will send a case right up!
Until that happens Benson is going to remain the law. D u m b law but the law no less.
And yet even the PTO agrees that a series of mental steps is not a process. I wonder, then, about the competence of the examiner.
A new and useful process is eligible. I agree.
I'm sorry, 101. But with the Mayo clarification of Diehr, I think they did make that very clear.
101, I don't view mental steps, LON, Facts, or Natural Phenomena to be "exceptions." They are not listed among the things that can be patented.
Claim 13 was allowed because it apparently recites a novel, non-obvious, process and processes are a category of patentable inventions. In fact, processes are the first of the listed categories in 35 USC 101.
Les is correct according to the statute a process is a process and therefore patent eligible subject matter.
The Supreme Court only declared LoN/Natural Phenomenon, and Abstract ideas to be exceptions.
Software programs, business methods and the like are not included in the exceptions. So, I can get patents for those.
And I can even get patents on LoN/Natural Phenomenon, and Abstract ideas if they are processes, and don't foreclose others from inventing altogether different processes for those exceptions.
Thanks Ned. I did reread Diehr as you suggested and claim 11 failed the MoT, as that test was defined by the PTO from the CAFC in Bilski. Yet as we all know claim 11 in patent eligible subject matter.
So your assertion that Diehr requires claims pass the MoT to be patent eligible subject matter is incorrect.
I also reread Mayo v Prometheus and there was no requirement that claims must be "integrated" into a process that pass the MoT, as you suggested.
In fact Prometheus take on Diehr did not include any MoT requirement at all. Only "integration" was explicitly referred to.
So your interpretation for "integration" is incorrect as well.
See my references below and let me know if you have any questions. I am glad to help.
Uh, OK. Then what are we talking about?
Look at what I said, Hans. I said that the plant "makes" seeds, patented seeds in this instance. That's not all that different than a factory machine that makes patented widgets. If the plant makes those patented seeds as the result of purposeful actions taken by a farmer, then the farmer is "making" those seeds, under any reasonable interpretation. "Making" is covered by 35 USC 271.
I'm not freaked out at all by the prospect of Bowman winning. But I disagree that it upsets settled expectations. The baseline is 35 USC 271, and its application to the agriculture industry doesn't seem any less straightforward to me than its application to other industries.
There are an almost infinite number of things that have to go right in order for a seed to germinate, and Bowman is responsible for one or two of them, and this makes him liable as a "makes" infringer?
Uh, yes. There are a large number of things that have to go right in order for a semiconductor fab to turn out a patented integrated circuit, too, and the company running the fab is directly responsible for only some of them. But guess who's liable for those ICs that meet the terms of the claim?
Ned – meaningless dust kicking.
Bilski was explicit about MoT – why are you now prevaricating about that?
It's mutiny – plain and simple.
The fact that they did not and still sold the first gen implicates that they knew they were selling an invention that covered multiple generations (thus dragging "make" into "use," and more specifically, into what was actually sold.
Yet another thing that Bowman's attorney should be flayed for missing.
Let's hope the Supreme Court clerks don't miss this evident fact.
After just getting done saying the exact opposite.
This is the type of c_rrp that needs to be expunged.
I understand that the notion of Bowman winning freaks out people on this board. But, as far as I can tell, only because it upsets settled expectations. There are an almost infinite number of things that have to go right in order for a seed to germinate, and Bowman is responsible for one or two of them, and this makes him liable as a "makes" infringer? Wow! Settled expectations? It wasn't THAT long ago that you saw ads promoting the healthful aspects of smoking cigarettes. How can Bowman infringe if the seed germinates, but not infringe if the seed does not germinate? Monsanto should have ignored the negative PR and incorporated the terminator technology into its seeds.
anon, Diehr is the only case that found the claims before it eligible. A old process that they said passed the MOT was modified by the programmed computer to produce an improved result. They found it eligible.
Bilski did not disapprove of Diehr. It simply said that the Diehr test was not exclusive.
Mayo made the point that the LON was tagged on to old data gathering steps. These old steps were NOT modified as in Diehr.
Diehr still points the way. It is simply not the only test, meaning that a claim that did not pass the integrated-MOT test might still be eligible. But, since we have no examples, we don't know what such a test might be.
why are you diverting attention to damages issues. The issue is infringement.
Firstly, because even if someone does infringe based on a single plant, you and I both know that he's not getting sued because there's no money in it.
Secondly, because it's relatively easy to make the argument, if you only have one stray infringing plant in your field, that you haven't committed an act of infringement. Yes, there is an infringing plant, but if it blew in from the next farm over and you had no idea till Monsanto told you, you're not liable as an infringer. I know you don't seem to understand why, but I've explained it several times and I'm not going into it again.
Thirdly, because if you only have one Roundup-Ready plant in your field, even if you did know it was there, you'd never spray Roundup to find out because it would destroy your entire crop. So nobody would even be aware of the infringement and you'd never get sued in the first place.
Fourth, there's always de minimis non curat lex.
In other words, that fact scenario is not a problem in the real world. What is a problem is people like Schmeiser and Bowman deliberately selecting for infringing seed and planting it on acres of farmland. We in the patent business call that "copying", and it's a form of willful infringement.
Schmeiser discovered this, but even so continued to save seed and replant. He however, did not use RR.
What he admitted at trial is that he deliberately selected for and saved Roundup-Ready seed. Pretty sure the evidence showed his whole field was full of nothing but. I find it hard to believe he was that intent on preserving his own meticulously cultivated breed, if he decided to wipe out his seed crop of it with herbicide.
Monsanto got no damages because Schmeiser had received no benefit from the infringement.
Because they asked for his profits, and he had no incremental profits. Had they asked for a reasonable royalty, they'd probably have gotten it.
But Schmeiser was damaged beyond repair.
Maybe that'll teach him to spray a known herbicide on the plants he intends to use for seed. You'd think a farmer would know better.
anon, encryption applied to physical signals transforms physical signals. I see no 101 problem there.
Encryption that only calls for transforming numbers? — there is a problem.
I don't understand why you can't see that there is a difference, albeit minor, that really counts for 101 purposes.
Les, OK. I thought about it more, and understand your point.
Les, not all algorithms are abstract? Agreed.
I know the claims, including claim 13, were patented.
I don't know why, as claim 13 does appear to have 101 problems on its face. Perhaps the examiner was disctracted by the obviously eligible claims?
IANAE, why are you diverting attention to damages issues. The issue is infringement.
Moreover, what happened to Schmeiser is an example. Schmeiser saved seed and replanted, year in and year out. Over a 50 year period, by carefully selecting seed with favorable properties, he had developed an unique variety no one else had.
His fields were then contaminated with the Monsanto patented genes. Schmeiser discovered this, but even so continued to save seed and replant. He however, did not use RR.
But because of the contamination, he could no longer save seed and replant. This meant he lost his plant variety that he had spent 50 years cultivating.
Monsanto was harmed in no way by Schmeiser's infringement. Still they sued and won. But Schmeiser was damaged beyond repair.
How can such a trav esty be justified on any grounds?
And you Ned, need to reread Bilksi.
And please stop your mutinying against what the Supreme Court has explicitly told you.
Not everything not associated with physical hardware is necessarily mental.
Again, the issue being addressed is whether all algorithms are abstract. They are not.
If a field has one plant, it infringes.
If a field contains one infringing plant, there is an infringement. Obviously. Who would ever suggest otherwise?
But a farmer with one infringing plant on 100 acres of cultivated land does not have the same liability as a farmer with 100 acres of infringing plants.
Suppose you have a patent on some bicycle part. You find a company that sells millions of bicycles a year, and they've sold seven that infringe your patent, with no intention to ever sell any more. Would you even bother suing them? If you did, would you expect to collect on every bicycle they've ever sold?
And that's not even considering that if a farmer has a field full of mostly non-Roundup-Ready crop, he'd be a fool to spray it full of Roundup, so he'd never even know the infringing plant was there, and neither would Monsanto.
Les, I know you are joking.
Les, I looked, but could not find anything that clearly linked the claim to any physical hardware. That algorithm, claim 13, was a series of steps devoid of any hardware — they were all mental in that sense.
A series of mental steps does not define a patentable process.
To the extent we are talking at all why some algorithms are eligible and others not, it seems clear to me that the claim must be ineluctably tied to the physical so as to define a new machine, or a new process.
Sure there is. Its called 35 USC 101.
Is it a process? Yes. Tada, hurdle passed.
Les, the very argument of the Morse dissent. It does have some merit.
IANAE, you should accept the theory being advanced to the SC. For one, no one has made any argument that there is a threshold to pass before there is infringement. If a field has one plant, it infringes.
101, "into" a process that passed the MOT… You need to reread Diehr.
That wasn't really the point. I was responding to the assertion that all algorithms are abstract.
predicting a normalization scale factor of the next stage from said minimum normalizing exponent of this stage and a stage guard scale value to obtain the maximum butterfly output without overflow from that next stage.
"1. Add x + y.
2. Divide the result by 4.
No. Disembodied math is a Court created exception.
I disagree. The above steps are neither a law of nature nor an abstract idea.
Those steps are a process and processes are therefore within a category of things that are potentially patentable.
However, those steps lack novelty. They represent homework problem 7 on Mrs. Jorgenssons first grade homework mimeographed homework sheet 17. There maybe earlier examples, but the Examiner found that one and it predates your application by several decades.
But the logic is flawed. In the very same way every patent retards the progress in the area covered by the claims. But progress is promoted in 1) that the principle is disclosed and others may use it when the patent expires or immediately if they are willing and able to pay a reasonable royalty and 2) in that others are encouraged to discover other principles.
Wow, nothing but childish name calling in that one.
He used no GMO seed for planting canola and used no Roundup to spray on his canola.
He admitted at trial that he sprayed Roundup and saved the surviving seed for replanting.
And Monsanto did actually win their case against him.
They do not exclude that all they have to prove is that one plant, one seed in a field is infringing for the whole field to be infringing.
Whether "the whole field" is infringing is a question of fact.
You might as well say that if a company makes a thousand products and you read your claim on one of them, "the whole company" is infringing.
Now, suppose Monsanto tested a bunch of plants randomly chosen from all over the defendant's land, and can demonstrate that exactly one of them infringes. What do you suppose the court will do? For bonus marks, don't you think Monsanto can find better people than that to sue?


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Our doors open for winter surf lessons from December 3rd!
Under the new government guidelines we are stoked to announce that our doors will be opening for surf lessons...
Covid-19 Resilience Plan
What measures have we put in place at Kingsurf ? The government has confirmed that groups of up to...
Top 5 Things to Do in Newquay
Newquay is famed for its surfing and its stunning beaches, but there is a lot more to be discovered...
This Isn't Your Standard Corporate Day Out in Cornwall
You've probably been part of team building work activities that feel like you're in a scene from "The Office"....
Surf and Yoga retreat Mawgan Porth
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Stran 432 - Idea de una nueva historia general de la America septentrional (Madrid, 1746), which was the result of eight years' investigations into the history of Mexico.
Stran 138 - God made me the messenger of the new heaven and the new earth, of which he spoke in the Apocalypse of St. John, after having spoken of it by the mouth of Isaiah, and he showed me the spot where to find it.
Stran 606 - But yet they are nothing so monstrous or giant-like as they are reported, there being some Englishmen as tall as the highest of any we could see. But peradventure the Spaniards did not think that ever any Englishman would come thither to reprove them, and thereupon might presume the more boldly to lie, — the name Pentagones, five cubits, viz. seven foot and half, describing the full height (if not somewhat more) of the highest of them.
Stran 294 - Maubila was upon the north bank of the Alabama, and at a place now called Choctaw Bluff, in the county of Clarke, about twenty-five miles above the confluence of the Alabama and Tombigby.
Stran 139 - East where spices growe, by a way that was never knowen before, by this fame and report there increased in my heart a great flame of desire to attempt some notable thing.


Photo Information for My new GTI!
The Golf R will be here in 2012 and eat the R32 for breakfast!
Hey nice car bro.. Just keep people away from it.. Door dings drive me nuts.
I have always been a fan of VW. How is the ride holding up? Did someone say door dings?
All good so far! Love it!


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Home / 政策和建议 / Port State Control (PSC)
Port State Control (PSC)
Port State Control is the means by which a nation exercises authority over foreign merchant vessels that are within waters subject to its jurisdiction. Maritime Authorities who are signatories to the PSC MOU operating in their region agree to maintain an effective system of PSC to confirm that foreign ships calling, or anchoring off, its ports or off-shore installations comply with the applicable international standards. These standards are laid down in the "relevant instruments" of the MOU. The Cayman Islands is a signatory to the Caribbean MOU on PSC. PSC Officers based in George Town carry out inspections of visiting foreign flag vessels.
PSC aims to verify whether foreign flagged vessels comply with applicable international conventions on safety, pollution prevention and crew living and working conditions. Where vessels are not found to be in substantial compliance, the PSC system imposes actions to ensure they are brought into compliance.
Inspections are targeted at vessels of most concern and/or most likely to be substandard, based on identified risk factors.
Authority Used for Inspection
PSC activity must be based on the control authority provided under national laws. For example, there must be laws that permit the inspection of foreign ships within the jurisdiction of the port state, laws to apply the relevant instruments to those ships and laws to enable enforcement actions to be taken against ships that do not comply.
When applying the relevant instruments, the Port State Control Officers (PSCOs) must carefully check that any action taken is authorised under a convention or its applicable law. For older vessels, in particular, PSCOs must ensure the applicability of the requirements. The requirements of new conventions may not apply to existing ships and, in some cases, the ships may be exempt or have equivalent provisions.
Memoranda of Understanding (MOU)
To facilitate coordination of PSC activities, IMO has encouraged the establishment of regional PSC organisations and agreements. Several Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) are now in operation between regions including:
Europe and the North Atlantic (Paris MOU)
Asia and the Pacific (Tokyo MOU)
Latin America (Acuerdo de Viña del Mar)
Caribbean (Caribbean MOU)
West and Central Africa (Abuja MOU)
Black Sea Region (Black Sea MOU)
Mediterranean (Mediterranean MOU)
Indian Ocean (Indian Ocean MOU);
Arab States of the Gulf (GCC MoU or Riyadh MoU).
In addition to these MOUs, the United States Coast Guard also operates its own PSC regime.
Contacting Cayman Island Shipping Registry
The Safety & Compliance Section at Cayman Registry is available to provide assistance and guidance in the case of any PSC intervention on board Cayman registered vessels and can be contacted at the numbers provided in Guidance Note No.: 2013_01_CIGN.


Resident Councils are established in various communities to promote programs for residents, improve resident satisfaction and provide input to GHA and HUD.
Promote programs which will provide improved educational, recreational and social service opportunities.
Expand resident participation opportunities for public housing residents.
Represent legitimate concerns of community to housing authority management.
Provide input to housing authority management and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) on policy matters affecting residents.
Inform residents of their rights and responsibilities under existing federal, state and local laws.
Work cooperatively with housing authority management and HUD on matters of mutual self-interest.
designed & developed by Beacon Technologies, Inc.


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Tag: EU Withdrawal Bill
The UK Constitution After Miller: Brexit and Beyond
Mark Elliott, Jack Williams and Alison L Young introduce The UK Constitution After Miller: Brexit and Beyond — an edited collection published by Hart Publishing which explores the constitutional implications and legacy of the UK Supreme Court's landmark judgment in the Miller case
July 31, 2018 November 26, 2018 2018, Brexit, constitutional law, devolution, EU law, EU Withdrawal Act, EU Withdrawal Bill
1000 words, Constitutional Law
1,000 words / The European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018
The EU (Withdrawal) Act 2018 paves the way for Brexit by providing for the repeal of the European Communities Act 1972 and converting EU law into UK law. This post summarises how the Act works and briefly considers some of the key constitutional issues that it raises.
June 28, 2018 March 23, 2019 2018, Brexit, constitutional law, EU law, EU Withdrawal Act, EU Withdrawal Bill, parliamentary sovereignty, separation of powers
Constitutional Law, Human Rights
Human Rights Post-Brexit: The Need for Legislation?
In this post, Mark Elliott, Stephen Tierney and Alison L Young consider the implications of the EU (Withdrawal) Bill for human rights protection — and how the Bill might be amended if the protections afforded by the Charter of Fundamental Rights are to be maintained after Brexit
February 8, 2018 November 25, 2018 2018, Brexit, constitutional law, EU law, EU Withdrawal Bill, human rights, Human Rights Act
Sovereignty or supremacy? Lords Constitution Committee reports on EU (Withdrawal) Bill
Mark Elliott and Stephen Tierney summarise the House of Lords Constitution Committee's report on the EU (Withdrawal) Bill, and highlight some of the key constitutional implications raised by the Committee
January 29, 2018 November 27, 2018 2018, Brexit, constitutional law, EU law, EU Withdrawal Bill, house of lords constitution committee, parliamentary sovereignty, rule of law, separation of powers
The Brexit agreement and citizens' rights: Can Parliament deliver what the Government has promised?
In the preliminary agreement concerning the terms of Brexit, the UK Government promises to give EU citizens' rights direct effect in UK law and to make them legally ironclad unless the legislating giving effect to them is itself expressly repealed. But does the principle of parliamentary sovereignty prevent such a high degree of protection from being accorded to citizens' rights?
December 11, 2017 January 8, 2018 2017, Brexit, constitutional law, EU law, EU Withdrawal Bill, parliamentary sovereignty
Can Parliament block a 'no deal' Brexit?
Some senior MPs have suggested that Parliament could stop Brexit in its tracks in a 'no deal' scenario. The reality, however, is far more complex. Parliament might be sovereign, but there are limits to what even it can legally achieve.
October 16, 2017 November 18, 2018 2017, Brexit, constitutional law, EU law, EU Withdrawal Bill
Brexit Briefing Paper: Implementing Transition — How Would it Work?
Talk of a 'transitional' or 'implementation' period as a means of smoothing the UK's departure from the EU is now commonplace. But how would it work legally? A new briefing paper to which I have contributed explores that question.
October 16, 2017 December 18, 2017 2017, Brexit, constitutional law, EU law, EU Withdrawal Bill
Constitutional Law, Studying & Teaching
Public Law Update #4: Brexit, the separation of powers and devolution
The third edition of Public Law was published by Oxford University Press in May 2017. This is the last in a series of posts by the authors, Mark Elliott and Robert Thomas, taking the 2017 election and Brexit as reference points and updating readers on recent developments in the field. These posts are based on updates first published by Oxford University Press in the book's Online Resource Centre.
October 5, 2017 December 11, 2017 2017, Brexit, constitutional law, delegated legislation, devolution, EU law, EU Withdrawal Bill, separation of powers
Public Law Update #3: The EU (Withdrawal) Bill, legal certainty and the rule of law
The third edition of Public Law was published by Oxford University Press in May 2017. This is the third in a series of posts by the authors, Mark Elliott and Robert Thomas, taking the 2017 election and Brexit as reference points and updating readers on recent developments in the field. These posts are based on updates first published by Oxford University Press in the book's Online Resource Centre.
October 3, 2017 October 31, 2017 2017, Brexit, constitutional law, EU law, EU Withdrawal Bill, rule of law
Q: What does the Space Industry Bill have to do with the separation of powers? A: More than you'd think
The EU (Withdrawal) Bill has focussed attention on the making of secondary legislation and its separation of powers implications. But in fact most modern legislation confers extensive delegated powers — and the Space Industry Bill, which currently being considered by Parliament, is a textbook example.
September 23, 2017 October 5, 2017 2017, constitutional law, delegated legislation, EU Withdrawal Bill, house of lords constitution committee, parliament, separation of powers


This is where I love using the 7-14mm on the GH1. The low angle and ultra wide perspective really makes the flowers stand out. My local churchyard is famous for its snowdrops display every year, and I always go to get my first hint of Spring.


Due to the flexibility of the public cloud its an useful platform to use it as an development area where by you may reinstall the OS many times. To complete the reinstall, you can do it from the OpenStack API directly and at the same time, you can change the OS of the instance if needed.
The instanceName is the instance name listed in OpenStack.
The last value is the image ID of the OS template. This can be the same OS you already have on the instance or a new OS to be applied to the instance.


A majority of Athens-Clarke County voters took their hopes for radical change to the polls when they elected a new mayor who will take charge next January.
Kelly Girtz, a progressive democrat who was elected in a three-man mayoral contest in the May 22 elections, will be accompanied by a now-majority progressive county commission.
Why It's Newsworthy: The goals set by the new government about housing, transportation, education and other policies will have an effect on the Athens community.
I sat down with Kelly Girtz, a former teacher and principal at multiple schools in Athens-Clarke County since the 1990s and current three-term county commissioner from District 9, at Athens City Hall to discuss the issues he plans to tackle when he enters office.
I opened by asking Girtz how he believed the Athens community came to electing a progressive mayor and county commission.
Prior to our interview, Girtz sent me a statement outlining the history of Athens and how its residents made money dating back centuries.
"What [the unemployment rate] tells us is that we just have a lot of working poor," Girtz said.
Athens For Everyone's top local platform priority is an "equity package to combat poverty". A detailed housing plan by Girtz for such an initiative can be seen in the graphic to the left.
I asked Girtz about the purpose of new apartment complexes around the downtown Athens/UGA campus area.
"There is a lot of outside money flowing into Athens. Better than two-thirds of the undergrad student population at UGA are folks from that northern arc of Atlanta, so people are coming here with their parents' wealth," Girtz said.
Girtz also said the HOPE Scholarship allowed for parents to invest in housing rather than tuition that had been paid for by such scholarships.
Girtz calls this housing pattern a "national phenomenon", as since presence of students being able to afford more expensive housing, more construction projects have focused on university-age housing rather than single-family housing.
The Athens-Clarke County Board of Education controls the school district in the city but Girtz says local government could provide the means for a better city for students to live.
Map of Athens Transit Route 30, the Northside Circulator.
One model Girtz believes could expand Athens Transit is a $15 annual line item for vehicle registration.
Girtz said that could "produce significant revenue" which could lead to a fare-free transit system that could operate more routes per hour.
Girtz proposed "targeted residential density increases" in certain areas of Athens to take advantage of existing infrastructure to make sure the community has access to resources. Girtz explained that instead of paying more for an increasingly spread out population, a "smart way to manage" Athens would be to ensure all residents stay in areas where emergency personnel and existing infrastructure could be available.
Finally, Mayor-elect Girtz and I discussed incarceration in Athens and how his policies could both incarceration rates and the process of incarceration in the county.
How much of this is possible?
Kelly Girtz has many policy plans for the city. Despite mayoral positions in Athens being limited to two consecutive four-year terms, Girtz remains confident he can achieve many of his goals.
Kelly Girtz, the new county commissioners and all other elected officials to the Athens-Clarke County government will be sworn into office on January 2, 2019.
I will be looking into housing in Athens-Clarke County next this series. If you have any information, personal experience or tips about housing or any other issue in this article, please email ajm65909@uga.edu.
Alex Marchante is a senior majoring in journalism in the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Georgia.


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Жорновець, Жерновець — річка в Україні, у Коропському районі Чернігівської області. Ліва притока Десни (басейн Дніпра).

Опис
Довжина річки приблизно 8 км.

Розташування
Бере початок на південному сході від Райгородка. Тече переважно на північний схід через Жернівку, озеро Жерновець і впадає у річку Десну, ліву притоку Дніпра.

Примітки

Джерела
 Словник гідронімів України — К.: Наукова думка, 1979. — С. 195 (Жерновець)

Малі річки України
Річки Чернігівської області
Річки Коропського району
Притоки Десни

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


My blogs will represent different perspectives on the topic of grief including why we grieve, the impact of grief, how we grieve and how to recognize and respond when grief enters our lives. Check back periodically for the latest post.
We all experience a variety of changes across our life span; some we experience directly and some we experience in proximity to those in our inner circle. As we age the frequency, complexity and intensity of change increases. How we navigate these changes can and does influence the impact these changes has on our physical, emotional and cognitive well-being.
The "What if" Plan section of the Life Plan addresses how you want to respond to unexpected changes in your life. This is on par with an advanced directive; something we should all complete and revise as our needs and desires change. Also included in this section should be the fine details of how you want live each day (routine), where you want to live and perhaps most importantly, the way in which you want to be treated and supported should the unexpected happen. The Five Wishes, published by Death & Dignity is one tool for creating an advance directive. Another is the Conversation Project created by the Conversation Project in Boulder, Colorado. Again, when we have this detailed information in writing and available for our family friends, emergency staff and care staff to review, we significantly increase continued control over our lives.
The Current Life Plan section addresses living your present life with intention. Are you spending the current minutes of your daily life in a manner that gives you a sense of purpose, meaning and belonging? Living your life by your design and not by someone else's default on how you should be living is perhaps the ultimate control. Or are you letting the minutes of your life slip away, unlived? Does your current life include support needed for the "What If" Plan? In his book, The Mature Mind; the Positive Power of the Aging Brain, Dr. Gene D. Cohen, offers uplifting inspirations for how to "…use well the time we have left" but also how to create a strong support system to help in navigating the upcoming age-and-life-related changes. Creating this plan is often difficult as it requires us to honestly examine how our own choices are adding to or depleting from our sense self-esteem, purpose and joy.
In reality, it isn't likely that we will be able to follow our Life Plan to the letter, but the exercise of creating one can provide us with a more solid idea of how we are living today and how we want to live tomorrow. To paraphrase a famous quote of President Eisenhower: "plans on useless, planning is everything".
Even with the best plans in-hand the process of contemplating potential changes and responding to real changes requires us to make adaptations to our intentions and to our lives. Both efforts can leave us with an impending sense of loss of control leading to heightened feelings of vulnerability, anxiety and sadness. Our hearts and souls fill with grief. This grief needs to be mourned. It is only through mourning that we are able to examine our feelings and find reconciliation with our current and emerging realities. When we do not take this journey we stay stuck where we are unable to move forward with life in a meaningful way.
Mourning is a journey that cannot be taken alone. It requires a companion/guide who will walk beside us. Reach out to the friends and family in your inner circle able to provide empathetic and non-judgmental support and who will allow you to set the pace of your mourning. If members in your inner circle are not able to fill this role, then connect with a professional grief counselor who can. Your well-being depends on it.
While so many holiday carols tell us this is the 'most wonderful time of the year' for many it is not. For those who have had a significant person in their life move away or die or who are experiencing a decline in health (their own or a loved one's) the holidays often serve as a reminder of these losses. Unresolved feelings of sadness and isolation will rise to the surface. Left unsupported, these difficult emotions can trigger profound depression.
Depression is not a normal part of aging and is treatable. If a family member, friend, neighbor, or you yourself are showing the following behaviors it is important to seek support from a medical provider or professional counselor.
How can you help fend off loneliness and the holiday blues for someone in your life?
Actively listen. Avoid giving solutions or passing judgment. Allow them to talk through their feelings of grief; it is a key part of the healing process.
Ask about which celebrations or traditions they loved most at this time of year. While reminiscing may bring on tears, it is also a way to heal the soul. Ask if they have considered beginning new traditions of their own.
Encourage them to seek medical care or professional counseling to help them work through their grief so they can once again find joy in their lives at this and any other time of year.
What to do when your feelings of grief are not understood by the people in your life.
The longer we live, the more familiar we become with the experiences of change and loss. When a loved one dies (the ultimate experience of change and loss), our related grief is given validation and support through a wide range of public ceremonies and rituals; yet, there are many other grief-triggering events we experience in life that do not have access to the same wealth of support. I'm referring to major life events such as: our children leaving home; retirement; the need to downsize and relocate to a new home and, probably, a new neighborhood; a decline in our own or a loved one's health; or the death of a dear pet. These types of losses (referred to as symbolic loss) can, like a death, trigger feelings of sadness, emptiness, loss of place and purpose; but, unlike death, they are not often granted validation or emotional support; this is why these feelings are referred to as "disenfranchised grief".
Understand that in contrast to what the majority of well-meaning friends and family think: just "getting on with life" without coming to a personal acceptance of your loss is not in your best interest.
Seek support from family and friends who love, affirm and listen to you with an open mind and ears and non-judgmental hearts. If they tell you to "get over it" or that you are being "overly sensitive" find a different support circle.
Learn to trust yourself. Even those with the best of intentions may attempt to provide answers and closure for you. This is your journey, not theirs.
Unresolved grief can lead to declines in health and quality of life, so giving daily focused attention to your own care needs is extremely important. Integrate into each week exercise, eating a healthy nutritious diet, meditation, journaling, being out in and connected to nature and spending time with supportive friends and family.
Be kind and loving to yourself and try to take comfort in the knowledge that your feelings are normal.
Seek guidance and support from a qualified professional if your feelings overwhelm you to the degree they affect your ability to function or if you are using addictive or harmful behaviors as a way to cope.
Remember to Get Support so you can Feel Better.


Plot Summary: The premise of this remake of the Telugu movie 'Parugu' is as archaic as Bollywood's obsession with remaking South films. In a lawless Jatt-land where love marriages are forbidden and honor-killing considered a just punishment for that felony, Chaudharyji (Prakash Raj) rules with an iron fist. So, obviously, when his daughter Renu (Sandeepa Dhar) elopes on her wedding day with her lover, Chaudharyji and his gang of goons go on a rampage searching for the 'convict' boy, and kidnap his friends to know of his whereabouts. One among these kidnapped friends is Babloo (Tiger Shroff), who remains in his Heropanti mode even amidst the blood-thirsty, could-have-played-hulk gundas, and sports a puppy smile with lips so red it could give Kareena Kapoor's Lakme ad a run for its money. While the chase for Renu and her lover continues endlessly and while he is still locked up, Babloo finds enough time to reminisce about his love-at-first-sight lady.
And the movie's first half is entirely spent without Babloo realising that his heroine is, after all, none other than Chaudhary's younger daughter Dimpy (Kriti Sanon). Predictably, Dimpy takes a liking to Babloo gradually and there on, the second half plays out as an excruciatingly boring merry-go-round that ends with a rather contrived DDLJ-styled climax (or anti-climax, to use a more apt term). The banal writing is the biggest let down of the movie, that could have been a decent masala flick with a tighter script and minus some rather brainless dialogues. In a movie that majorly features newbies, it was most displeasing to see the veteran genius of Prakash Raj being thoroughly wasted by some shoddy writing.
As Raj vacillates from being a tyrant baron to being a doting father and then to being the harbinger of honor-killing before being back to playing the 'helpless' father, you are compelled to think if the makers had mixed up scripts while briefing him on his character that changes faster than the London weather. Kriti Sanon, who had acted in a South flick with Mahesh Babu before this, looks pretty and does justice to her character of bindass-girl turned damsel-in-distress. But as is the case with most Bollywood masala movies, the female lead doesn't get much opportunity to show off her acting skills. In Kriti's case, she only gets to show off her well-toned midriff.
Finally, coming to our Hero, Tiger looks most impressive (and at most ease) when he is flexing his muscle (there is, ofcourse, a Salman-styled shirtless fight scene, too), jumping off buildings like a parkour stuntman (another Vidyut Jamwal in the making?), beating up the baddies without breaking into a sweat and so also when he is showing off his break-dancing moves. But like Madagascar's Alex, this Tiger strikes the prettiest of pose, but is unlikely to roar big at the box-office with this one. And though his attempts at humor fall flat most times and his chemistry with Kriti seems like a dull romance, most of it can only be attributed to the ordinary direction from Sabbir Khan (of 'Kambakkht Ishq' fame). Tiger and Kriti try hard, and it would be unfair to judge their performances on such a poorly scripted movie. A fairly decent music is a bit of a respite. Heropanti (read action) is what Tiger does best, and there simply isn't enough of it in the movie. We recommend you give it a miss, unless you are someone who finds movie theatres a good place to steal a nap.


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NBA commends Oyetola over members' appointment as PS
Sat, 26 Nov 2022 || Nigeria, Osogbo, Osun State
The Osogbo Branch of the Nigerian Bar Association has commended the State Governor, Gobeyega Oyetola, for the appointment of four of its members as Permanent Secretaries (PS), saying it is an honour to the Association.
CEOAFRICA had reported that oyetola had appointed thirty Permanent Secretary, hours to his handing over.
This was contained in a statement signed by the Chairman of the Association, Hassan Agbelakale and Publicity Secretary, Dawood Ajetunmobi, on Saturday, in Osogbo.
The Association said the appointment of Oyesiku Adelu, Bukola Aderibigbe, Rafiu Popoola, and M. Obidiya, as Permanent Secretaries, is a recognition of legal practitioners' contributions to the development of Osun through their respective ministries.
The Association said; "It is a novel thing. This is the first time in the history of Osun State in the 30 years of her existence that such a number of lawyers who are in the public service will be promoted to permanent secretaries. The honour is not for the appointees alone, but also for all of us at NBA, Osogbo.''
"It is recognition of sterling performances and dedications to duties of the appointees. The appointments are no less deserved and meritorious, not only because of the length of years the appointees have invested in the service of the State Government but also the expertise that the appointees have brought to bear on the quality service delivery to the public service in our State. Whoever has worked must reap the fruit of his labour. The appointments into the offices of permanent secretaries are no exception."
"While congratulating the appointees on their promotions to the exalted offices of PS and for making NBA Osogbo proud, the release also charges them to see the appointments as a call to higher service and responsibilities, urging the new appointees to go and make huge waves in their new positions for the benefits of Osun State and her people."
Gboyega Oyetola
Osun state governor
Adeleke sacks 1,500 teachers employed by Oyetola, Cites faulty processes
Osuntokun's appointment as LP campaign DG a political scam – Bwala
JUST IN: Senate confirms Onochie, others' NDDC board appointments


This part of the needlelace tutorial will be about the lace filling stitches and the cordonnette (buttonholed outline threads/cordonnet). You don't need to work exactly the same stitches I did. You could repeat some of the stitches from part 2 of the PLAIN BOOKMARK SAMPLER.
In the 1st section I worked corded Brussels with a small hole. Work the foundation row. Then for the return row, take the thread back to the left. Work the 3rd row, look and another row. When you are ready to start the hole, while making the straight return, whip the return thread into a loop of the previous row. When you work left to right again, skip the stitch which was whipped. Make the return row. When you get to the hole, work 2 stitches into that hole.
On the other side I worked the top section in single Brussels. See here and here.
Then start the next corded Brussels section. Because the rows are curving, I have whipped the return into some stitches spaced across the curved line. A straight return wouldn't work. Here is the 4 hole bud (which I didn't work very well).
The 3rd section on the right is also corded single Brussels, but with a row of 3 holes.
The 3rd section on the left is pea stitch variant 3. See here . This variant alternates a row made of 2 bh stitches spaced apart, with a row made of 1 bh space 3 bh. How the two rows mesh together determines how the stitch will look in a large area. There is another variant which meshes the rows together differently. See here and here.
The 4th section on the left repeats corded Brussels with a line of holes.
The last section on the right is twisted Brussels, twisted only 1 time, whipped. This is also called point d'Espagne. step 1 - step 2 - row 2 - row 3 If you compare this section with the English stitch section above, you will see that this section has taller stitches. Normally you would expect the English stitch section to have taller stitches, because English stitch has one more twist than point d'Espagne. It came out this way because I let my tension be more slack when I worked this point d'Espagne section.
For right handed people work the buttonholing over the outline from right to left. Work it over at least 2 padding threads (I have used 3). You work from right to left so that your left thumb (your off hand) can hold the padding threads in position as you work.
When you think about what parts to buttonhole first, think in terms of prominence. The side veins of this leaf are not the most prominent parts, so they should be done 1st. First pair of side veins completed. Then work the central vein with the stem. And the outer edge of the leaf should be done last, so that you have a smooth uninterrupted outline. See finished leaf at top of page.
All the photos for this tutorial are in this album.
© 2011 Lorelei Halley This may be copied for personal use, but not for any commercial use. Nor may it be copied to any website or other internet site. Links are welcome.
This tutorial will stay up permanently. Any member can join in at any time. Please post photos, questions or comments about the lace filling stitches and buttonholing the outline (working the cordonnette) here.
That leaf is so nicely worked, Lorelei. Well done.
It has photographed very well too, and comes out nice and clear.
That photo was taken using the scanner attached to my computer. For any lace small enough to fit onto the scanner's glass, I prefer that method. It allows me to specifiy how many pixels per inch, so I can get the best detail with manageable file size. And after I have the raw scan, I can modify the image slightly to clarify the structure. Usually I increase the color intensity slightly and darken the mid-tones slightly. These both have the effect of making the tiny shadows between the threads more visible. And it is those tiny shadows which tell us how it was made.
I do hope somebody actually uses these tutorials.
I am sure I am not the only one who will say that your tutorials are a big help, so many thanks for sharing your efforts and knowledge!
As I've recently posted my sampler for Single Brussels, you know that I am in the beginning of my lace-making-learning journey and struggling with topstitching ))) If I might ask you - how do you handle threads at the end of topstitching a particular section?
In this very tutorial you have mentioned that you cut off some padding threads, and keep some to incorporate into the cordonnet. But what about the working thread? I watched the video series Michael Dennis posted, but that flower design is fairly easy to pass the working thread over a junction, adding an extra padding thread, and to start topstitching a brand new petal. However, I am working a rectangle with a few horizontal and vertical division lines and can't very well be dragging the working thread over long sections of the sampler - or can I, should I be doing that? Or, if it is not possible or desirable to to pass the working thread over junctions, does one do topstitching section by section, ending the working thread after each segment and then stitching it off in the back of the work once all segments are completed? Michael Dennis's video showed him doing that for the center of the flower and the outline of petals. Perhaps, you would be so kind as to explain, how you ended or joined the working thread for topstitching when working your leaf.
Also, I have seen in one of the discussions a diagram or a reference to one, about how to add a new thread when topstitching, but I cannot find it. If you know which link I am referring to and can post it as well, it would be most appreciated.
In most cases we save all the buttonholing of the cordonnet for the last step in making a lace. The reason is that the lace thread is wrapped around the cordonnet to end it, and the buttonholing secures those lace threads so they don't pull loose.
What I generally do, in terms of which parts of the cordonnet to buttonhole first, is to do the short, internal sections first. So in the leaf I did the leaf veins and central vein first, and did the outer edge last. To end the buttonholing thread just slip it under its own buttonhole stitches, or along a segment which is still yet to do.
2 - what lines/sections do you consider important and need prominence? Work these last.
Thank you, Teri, I will keep that in mind.


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Home Open Access News Research & Innovation News European space policy is at a crossroads
Research & Innovation News
European space policy is at a crossroads
© Rangizzz |
Dominique Riquet MEP, Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe explains why European space policy is at a crossroads
Perhaps you haven't noticed looking at the sky, but space has changed. Whereas space was dominated by the United States (U.S.) or the USSR during the second half of the 20th Century for military and defence purposes, since the 21st Century space is now also, and mostly considered as a fantastic reservoir of economic and environmental opportunities for multiple players. Despite the difficult premises in 1975, the European Union (EU) can now take pride in many successes achieved over the last twenty years, in a fast-changing sector that has recently become drastically more competitive.
Space is a fruitful playground: more than 10% of the EU's GDP already relies on services linked to it. We are so dependent on satellites that we would have a hard time imagining our lives without the services they provide. This is particularly clear in the field of mobility: transport alone relies largely on services linked to space for digital infrastructure, meteorological monitoring or basic orientation in modes of transportation. Whether we speak about road, maritime, rail or air transport, everything now relies – and will more and more rely – technically upon positioning services, and therefore space policy.
However, the EU did not start to develop its spatial policy due to economic benefits, but first and foremost because it is a cornerstone for its strategic autonomy. One example is that for years, countries in Europe and Europeans relied on GPS technology. GPS is owned by the United States government and operated by the U.S. Department of Defense, which has the ability to adjust it to make it less functional to a foreign power, as they did during the Iraq war. This episode was a signal for Europeans. Even if the U.S. has made clear it will not use this feature again, the consequences of triggering it would be of great significance. In terms of mobility, if one can disrupt the whole transportation system of a country, one could also provoke a shutdown of the country. This showed our vulnerability and how essential it was for Europeans to develop their own geopositioning technology, Galileo.
At the same time, countries in Europe realised that no single Member State reached the critical mass needed for a space programme by itself. It had to be a European one, and this point deserves to be highlighted: the EU space policy is in that regard a real European success story. Therefore, we can be proud the European "Galileo" is more precise than the American "GPS". It is also worth noticing that about 1,600 people work at the European Kourou base for a result today that is slightly better compared to the American base at Cape Canaveral and its 10,000 employees, which shows the high quality of the European human capital.
It is clear that the EU is aware of the potential of the space industry and economy. The investment of the European budget in space has increased significantly, with €5 billion in 2007-2014, then 13 billion in 2014- 2021 and finally, €16 billion forecast for 2021-2027. The bulk of the envelope is dedicated to navigation systems Galileo (worldwide) and The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) which is regional but even more precise – and the Earth's observation programme, Copernicus, the most developed one that exists. The newest elements of the EU space programme is space surveillance and tracking of space debris, and the next generation of secure government satellite communications, both of which are increasingly crucial in the context of space entering the security and defence sector. Moreover, the soon-to-be €13 billion European Defence Fund will also be able to fund defence-related satellites and new space technologies. Pursuing investment into operations and infrastructure is key in order to maintain a constellation of satellites (29 satellites in orbit, 30 to be launched in the 10 to 15 years) and the increasing quality of space services.
Nevertheless, is that enough for Europe to be a space power of tomorrow? Europe's space budget is still four to six times lower than the United States', and the revolution of the NewSpace, enabled by decreasing costs, has multiplied by ten the number of space agencies and private actors in the last years (such as SpaceX and Blue Origin). By developing reusable launch systems, these new players have a significant competitive advantage, besides the massive public support they receive. In such a context, it will be very difficult for Arianespace to maintain its leading position in a near future, which should worry us because losing its market share means risking losing its capacity invest, and ultimately, to innovate.
More has to be done to secure the European position in space. Launchers, which guarantee the access to space, are a prerequisite of any space sovereignty and the EU should in that regard invest and innovate more into them. Initiatives such as Callisto or Prometheus to develop reusable launch systems have to be encouraged and endowed.
Beyond mere budget considerations, the EU could take a few steps further towards space sovereignty. In China, Russia or the U.S., local launchers exclusively provide institutional launches. Why couldn't the EU do the same? I would also support the idea of a "European Space Council" attached directly to the European Council or its President, just like the U.S. National Space Council since 1989. Another example: vehicles in the U.S. are equipped by default with the American GPS technology, but in Europe, we still play the game of fair competition and technological neutrality. Perhaps the time has come for Europeans to stop being too naïve and to compete on equal terms with their fast-growing competitors.
Dominique Riquet MEP
Tel: +32(0) 228 45266
dominique.riquet@europarl.europa.eu
www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/96885/DOMINIQUE_RIQUET/home
www.twitter.com/DominiqueRiquet
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OAG 022 - April 2019
Steph Hazlegreaves
Bringing mathematical perspectives to the biological search for the Rules of Life
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Science and higher education for the future of Portugal
In vivo imaging and mathematical modelling in nanoparticle pharmacokinetics
Peptides: Why advancing peptide science and technology should be a priority
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Tested and approved by the Govt Laboratory.


text:
DVD-R (3)
Albom, Mitch (1)
Allende, Isabel (1)
Coelho, Paulo (1)
Hemingway, Ernest, 1899-1961 (1)
Hoffman, Alice (1)
Leaf, Munro, 1905-1976 (1)
Lowney, Chris (1)
McLain, Paula (1)
Morris, Mary, 1947 (1)
Paterniti, Michael (1)
Ruiz Zafón, Carlos, 1964-2020 (1)
Sheldon, Sidney (1)
Silva, Daniel (1)
Wilson-Lee, Edward (1)
Winspear, Jacqueline, 1955 (1)
Zafon, Carlos Ruiz (1)
Castilian (1)
1) The alchemist
F COE
©1993 1st ed. HarperSanFrancisco 177 pages ; 22 cm English
An Andalusian shepherd boy named Santiago travels from his homeland in Spain to the Egyptian desert in search of a treasure buried in the Pyramids. Along the way he meets a Gypsy woman, a man who calls himself king, and an alchemist, all of whom point Santiago in the direction of his quest. No one knows what the treasure is, or if Santiago will be able to surmount the obstacles along the way. But what starts out as a journey to find worldly goods...
2) Origin: a novel
F BROWN DAN
2017. First edition. Doubleday 461 pages ; 25 cm. English
Robert Langdon, Harvard professor of symbology and religious iconology, arrives at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao to attend the unveiling of a discovery that "will change the face of science forever". The evening's host is his friend and former student, Edmond Kirsch, a forty-year-old tech magnate whose dazzling inventions and audacious predictions have made him a controversial figure around the world. This evening is to be no exception: he claims he...
3) The fountains of silence: a novel
At the Castellana Hilton in 1957 Madrid, eighteen-year-old Daniel Matheson connects with Ana Moreno through photography and fate as Daniel discovers the incredibly dark side of the city under Generalissimo Franco's rule.
4) A long petal of the sea: a novel
"In the late 1930s, civil war gripped Spain. When General Franco and his Fascists succeed in overthrowing the government, hundreds of thousands are forced to flee in a treacherous journey over the mountains to the French border. Among them is Roser, a pregnant young widow, who finds her life irreversibly intertwined with that of Victor Dalmau, an army doctor and the brother of her deceased love. In order to survive, the two must unite in a marriage...
5) A dangerous place: a novel
Spring 1937. In the four years since she left England, Maisie Dobbs has experienced love, contentment, stability -- and the deepest tragedy a woman can endure. Now, all she wants is the peace she believes she might find by returning to India. But her sojourn in the hills of Darjeeling is cut short when her stepmother summons her home to England; her aging father Frankie Dobbs is not getting any younger. But on a ship bound for England, Maisie realizes...
6) The sun also rises
813 HEMINGWAY
1956 [c1954] Scribner 247 p. ; 22 cm. English
One of Ernest Hemingway's classics. The novel introduces characters Jake Barnes and Lady Brett Ashley and follows them and their diverse group of expatriates as they travel from Paris to Spain.
7) The shadow of the wind
Zafon, Carlos Ruiz
Barcelona, 1945-just after the war, a great world city lies in shadow, nursing its wounds, and a boy named Daniel awakes on his eleventh birthday to find that he can no longer remember his mother's face. To console his only child, Daniel's widowed father, an antiquarian book dealer, initiates him into the secret of the Cemetery of Forgotten Books, a library tended by Barcelona's guild of rare-book dealers as a repository for books forgotten by the...
8) Don Quixote
9) The other woman
Silva, Daniel
In an isolated village in the mountains of Andalusia, a mysterious Frenchwoman begins work on a dangerous memoir. It is the story of a man she once loved in the Beirut of old, and a child taken from her in treason's name. The woman is the keeper of the Kremlin's most closely guarded secret. Long ago, the KGB inserted a mole into the heart of the West -- a mole who stands on the doorstep of ultimate power. Only one man can unravel the conspiracy: Gabriel...
10) The story of Ferdinand
Leaf, Munro
Grand Canyon Community Library - Picture Books 1 available
ESY LEAF MUNRO
1936 Viking Press 68 p. : ill. ; 22 cm. English
Ferdinand likes to sit quietly and smell the flowers, but one day he gets stung by a bee and his snorting and stomping convince everyone that he is the fiercest of bulls.
11) La sombra del viento
Zafón, Carlos Ruiz
2011 OverDrive Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial USA Español
2011 Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial USA Español
A boy's quest through the secrets and shadows of postwar Barcelona for a mysterious author whose book has proved as dangerous to own as it is impossible to forget.
12) The magic strings of Frankie Presto
The voice of Music narrates the tale of its most beloved disciple, young Frankie Presto, a war orphan raised by a blind music teacher in a small Spanish town. At nine years old, Frankie is sent to America in the bottom of a boat. His only possession is an old guitar and six precious strings. He is the greatest guitarist to ever walk the earth, but his gift becomes his burden as he discovers his play can actually affect people's futures.
13) Cut and run
Michaels, Fern
2019 OverDrive Zebra Books English
2019 Zebra Books English
"It's been three months since Countess Annie de Silva slipped away from her home before dawn, leaving a cryptic note and no clue as to her destination. That's an eternity for friends as devoted as the Sisterhood. They've honored Annie's request for privacy long enough. Now they're desperate to ensure that their founding member is alive and well, and that means tracking her down--wherever in the world she might be. Myra Rutledge, Annie's closest confidante...
14) The sands of time
Sheldon, Sidney
F SHELDON SIDNEY
c1988 1st ed. Morrow 412 p. ; 24 cm. English
Four women leave their Spanish convent and enter an alien world of uncertainty, romance, and suspense.
15) Incantation
OverDrive Little, Brown Books for Young Readers English
Little, Brown Books for Young Readers English
During the Spanish Inquisition, sixteen-year-old Estrella, brought up a Catholic, discovers her family's true Jewish identity, and when their secret is betrayed by Estrella's best friend, the consequences are tragic.
16) Biutiful
Grand Canyon Community Library - Videos 1 available
DVD BIUTIFUL
[2011] Widescreen Lions Gate Home Entertainment 1 videodisc (147 min.) : sd., col. ; 4 3/4 in. Español
Uxbal is a man on the wrong side of the law who struggles to provide for his children on the dangerous streets of Barcelona. As fate encircles him, Uxbal learns to accept the realities of life, whether bright, bad, or biutiful.
17) The devil's backbone: El espinazo del diablo
DVD DEVIL'S BACKBONE
[2013] Director-approved two-DVD special ed., widescreen Criterion Collection 2 videodiscs (108 min.) : sd., col. ; 4 3/4 in. Español
The most personal film by Guillermo del Toro is also among his most frightening and emotionally layered. Set during the final week of the Spanish Civil War, the tale of a ten-year-old boy who, after his freedom-fighting father is killed, is sent to a haunted rural orphanage full of terrible secrets. Del Toro effectively combines gothic ghost story, murder mystery, and historical melodrama in a stylish concoction that reminds us that the scariest monsters...
18) The telling room: a tale of love, betrayal, revenge, and the world's greatest piece of cheese
Paterniti, Michael
Grand Canyon Community Library - Non-Fiction 1 available
637.309 PATERNITI, MICHAEL
[2013] First Edition. Dial Press xii, 349 pages : illustrations ; 21 cm. English
"In the picturesque village of Guzmán, Spain, in a cave on the edge of town, there is a cramped limestone chamber known as "the telling room." This is where villagers have gathered for centuries to share their stories and secrets--usually accompanied by copious amounts of wine. It was here, in the summer of 2000, that Michael Paterniti found himself listening to a Spanish cheesemaker as he spun an odd and compelling tale about a piece of cheese....
19) The trip to Spain
DVD TRIP TO SPAIN
[2017] Widescreen. Shout! Factory 1 videodisc (115 min.) : sound, color ; 4 3/4 in. English
Two friends travel to different towns in Spain together, enjoying the different types of cuisine that each has to offer.
20) La piel que habito =: The skin I live in
BLU-RAY SKIN I LIVE IN
[2012] Sony Pictures Home Entertainment 1 videodisc (approximately 120 min.) : sound, color ; 4 3/4 in. Español
"Dr. Robert Ledgard ... is a driven plastic surgeon haunted by personal tragedies. After many years of trial and error, he finally perfects a new skin--a shield which could have prevented the death of his wife in an accident years earlier. His latest "guinea pig" is a mysterious captive whose true identity masks a shocking mystery"--Container.
12Next »[2]


text:
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Posted in Rhode Island July 10, 2020 by Jessica Wick
Rhode Island's Newport Tower Remains One Of New England's Biggest Mysteries
For such a small state, Rhode Island certainly has more than its fair share of mysteries. From our creepy vampire past to our disturbing unsolved mysteries, there's no denying that a lot has happened here. However, the mystery of the Newport Tower is definitely one of the top head-scratchers in all of New England — and it's still standing right here in the Ocean State.
The Newport Tower sits in Newport's Touro Park, where it has remained since the mid-17th century... or so we think.
Jasperdo / Flickr
The park was named after Judah Touro, the Newport-born benefactor who funded its purchase by the city in 1854.
The official story is that this tower is simply the remains of an old windmill from the 17th century.
Michelle Marie T. Faucher / Google
However, the remains of the tower show archeological signs that it was shaped by much older trans-oceanic influences.
Christopher Columbus has been widely credited with "discovering" America for the European world, but some claim that the Newport Tower discredits that theory.
Dennis Jollimore / Google
Believers of this theory note that the Newport Tower strongly resembles Scottish buildings from the 1100s. This indicates that Templar crossed the ocean and settled the land. So, perhaps someone from Europe was here long before Columbus.
Some people also claim to have spotted a celestial alignment to the upper windows, which would imply that the stand was used as an ancient observatory.
Luke Rague / Flickr
Four of the eight supporting pillars of the tower face the main points of the compass, and when a Professor of Physics and astronomer at the University of Rhode Island studied the windows in the tower, he found some astronomical alignments. Norse, Chinese, and Portuguese explorers and sailors have also been credited for creating this unique tower, although nothing of the sort has ever been investigated.
Of course, all of these theories have been widely refuted, and none of these hypotheses have been proven.
Judith Klinghoffer / Google
But still, the exact origin of the tower remains unknown, so anything is possible.
The tower is located at the upper end of the plot behind what was once a mansion for Benedict Arnold, the first colonial governor of Rhode Island.
Deb Hanson / Google
The mansion was destroyed years ago. But Arnold did mention his stone-built windmill in 1677, which is why the Newport Tower is largely accepted as the remains of the windmill.
So, is this a windmill, or a series of intricate clues to the past we've never fully deciphered?
We may never know for sure.
Do you have a theory on the Newport Tower?
Address: 5 Touro Park St W, Newport, RI 02840, USA
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Jessica Wick
Jessica Wick is a writer and travel enthusiast who loves exploring new places, meeting new people and, of course, beautiful Big Sky Country and every part of Washington State.
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