With 21 known species of cockatoo in the world, these noisy critters have easily become a popular pet for bird lovers. They range in size and coloration. But one thing they all have in common is that they have amazing crests and a need for attention. With the proper care and lots of love and patience, cockatoos make great pets. However, it's the pet trade that has also caused a big strain on their overall populations. So be careful where you go to buy your bird and only buy a bird after lots of research and an understanding of the commitment involved with keeping one!
Weight: 3.2 oz – 1.7 lbs.
1.) Some people in Australia believe that the red-tailed, black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii) brings rain.
2.) They are mainly white, grey, or black and often have colorful crests, cheeks, or tails.
3.) These birds are native to Australia, New Guinea, Indonesia, the Philippines, and the Solomon Islands.
4.) Cockatoos, depending on the species, will eat an assortment of fruits, seeds, berries, blossoms, nuts, roots, and vegetation like leaf buds. Some cockatoos will even feast upon insects and their larva! They are known to raid crops, destroy mature crops, sprouts, and even bagged grains.
5.) When not in captivity, they live in rain & pine forests, eucalyptus groves, scrublands, and even savannahs.
But wait, there's more on the cockatoo!
6.) These beautiful birds keep their bills sharp by grinding their two mandibles together as they rest.
7.) The cockatoo is a diurnal (active during the day) bird.
The oldest cockatoo ever recorded was a Major Mitchell's cockatoo named "Cookie", who lived to be 83 years old (1933–2016)!
8.) As parrots are, cockatoos are zygodactyl (have 2 sets of toes. 2 toes pointing forward and 2 pointing backward).
9.) These critters can fly up to 43 mph!
10.) Cockatoos are monogamous (mate for life)! They have been known to become very depressed when their partner dies.
11.) During mating, the male will spread open his wings, spread his tail, ruffle his feathers, and raise his beautiful crest, all while bobbing, bouncing, and dancing (like a crazy fool in love) in front of the female. If she accepts the his advances, the pair will then begin preening each other.
12.) The female lays between 1 – 6 eggs, and both parents take turns incubating them.
13.) The name cockatoo is derived from the Malay name, "kakak tua" – meaning "older sibling" or from the call the white cockatoo makes.
14.) Unlike the amazing speaking ability of the African Grey parrot, most cockatoos will only learn to speak around 20 – 30 words. But they do so pretty well.
Now a Short Cockatoo Video!


text:
Ullrich de Beer Pretorius, né le , est un joueur sud-africain de rugby à XV évoluant au poste de talonneur avec le Stado Tarbes Pyrénées rugby.

Carrière
Ullrich Pretorius commence sa carrière professionnelle avec les Boland Cavaliers en Afrique du Sud après être passer chez les Natal Sharks.

Au début de la saison 2014-2015, il rejoint Montluçon Rugby en fédérale 1.

Durant la saison 2015-2016, il évolue avec l'ASRC Chalon avant de rejoindre le RC Strasbourg pour deux saisons en 2016.

Il rejoint l'US Bressane à l'automne 2018 en tant que joker médical de Quentin Traversier mais il se blesse dès sa première apparition face au Stade aurillacois et est forfait pour le reste de la saison.

Il signe au Stado Tarbes Pyrénées rugby durant l'été 2019.

Statistiques

Références

Liens externes

Joueur sud-africain de rugby à XV
Talonneur (rugby à XV)
Joueur des Boland Cavaliers
Joueur du Montluçon rugby
Joueur du RC Chalon
Joueur du Rugby Club Strasbourg
Joueur de l'Union sportive bressane Pays de l'Ain
Joueur du Stado Tarbes PR
Naissance en novembre 1988
Naissance en Afrique du Sud

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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Visa Run to Vientiane
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Get Around in Thailand
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Thai Public Holidays 2017
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New Visa Rules 2014/15 – Summary
Posted on March 28, 2015 by Pattaya-Funtown • 8 Comments
It's certainly never been easy for expats and long-stay tourists to obtain a proper visa for Thailand that allows them to stay in the kingdom for longer than just a couple of weeks or months. Since August 2014, this certainly hasn't become any easier.
Out/in visa runs are now basically a thing of the past. And not only were the official requirements for certain types of long-stay visa tightened in several countries – a number of general changes to the visa rules have also been announced by immigration.
While it still remains to be seen how strictly the new regulations will be enforced, here's a summary of the main changes.
Starting from August 2014, out/in visa runs, e.g., to the Cambodian or Lao border, including out/in "visa runs by air", are basically a thing of the past. The Nation reported on July 15: "From August 13, people [who have not obtained a visa prior to their visit to Thailand] will not be able to re-enter the country, regardless of their choice of transport".
In other words: If you haven't obtained a visa prior to your visit to Thailand but wish to stay longer than just for a holiday, then "visa runs" are no longer a viable option to extend your stay in the kingdom, but you're advised to apply for a tourist visa at your local Thai embassy or consulate in advance.
A single-entry tourist visa is good for a 60-day stay in Thailand and can now be extended locally for another 30 days. If you wish to wish to stay in Thailand more or less "permanently", you should get yourself an appropriate Non-immigrant visa prior to entering the country.
It looks like these rules are being more strictly enforced since September 12, 2015, and visitors are allowed to stay in the kingdom on visa exempt entries for no longer than 90 days in a calendar year.
In summer 2014, it was reported that tourists and expats who overstay their visa for more than 90 days might get blacklisted in the future, i.e. banned from returning to Thailand for 1-10 years. Until now, tourists who overstayed their visa were usually simply fined 500 Baht per day up to a maximum fine of 20,000 Baht; only when an "overstayer" was caught within the kingdom, he/she faced arrest and deportation; overstayers were not blacklisted.
According to the new proposed rules, foreigners who overstay their visa for 90+ days would automatically get blacklisted for a period of 1-10 years, depending on the length of their overstay. The new rules were reported to take effect late August 2014, however, had not been approved yet a year later.
The new overstay rules were reportedly approved by the prime minister in November 2015 and are now set to go into effect on March 20, 2016.
New stricter requirements for ED visa extensions have gone into effect on August 29, 2014. Until then, the same ED visa could be used to study the same subject, e.g. Thai language, for up to five years; the student did not have to leave Thailand but could simply extend his visa at the local immigration office every 90 days.
Under the new rules, an ED visa is valid for a maximum of one year only, provided that the student studies the required amount of hours per week (otherwise an extension may be rejected and the visa cancelled). After one year you will have to leave the country and apply for a new ED visa.
In addition, Thai language students will now also have to attend classes four days a week, for two hours per class, in order to extend an ED visa – effectively doubling the hours of study. If students don't study the required amount of hours per week, their visa will not be extended.
Also, when extending their visa for 90 days, ED visa holders will initially be given only a 15-day extension, during which time immigration officials may check whether students regularly attend classes or not. At the end of this "evaluation period" they must go back to Immigration and will be granted another 75-day extension.
It remains uncertain whether the crackdown on out/in visa runners also targets foreign visitors holding valid tourist visas. AsianCorrespondent.com reported in July 2014: "Even those on valid tourist visas may be denied entry if immigration officials suspect feel they are spending too long in the country or working illegally." Ajarn.com even anticipated that "from [August 12th], apparently no one will be allowed to use back-to-back 60-day tourist visas to enter Thailand." This interpretation was obviously exaggerated.
As an immigration official in Chiang Mai confirmed on August 20, 2014, "there is no limit to the number of tourist visas you can apply for, nor is there a minimum time limit between each one."
In any case, tourist visa applicants should always be prepared to prove that they are in fact tourists and, if required, be able to produce a confirmed airline ticket, hotel booking etc. Some Thai consulates may also be more lenient than others.
From November 13, 2015, double-entry tourist are no longer available, only single-entry tourist visa (which can be applied for at any Thai consulate worldwide) and the new multiple-entry tourist visa (METV) which is valid for six months and allows the visa holder to exit and re-enter the kingdom as often as he likes during the six-month validity period of the visa. With each entry, holders will be granted a 60-day permission of stay which can be extended for another 30 days locally.
But there's a catch: You can apply for the new multiple-entry tourist visa exclusively in your home country or country of residence. Applicants will also have to show a statement from a bank in their home country, or country of residence, showing a deposit of at least 200,000 Baht. Applicants may also have to provide a letter from their employer.
Last but not least, there are also some good news. Reportedly effective from August 29, 2014, tourists can now extend their 30-day visa-exempt stay in Thailand by a further 30 days, not just seven days as previously. All you need to do is visit your local immigration office after your first 30 days have expired and apply for a 30-day extension at a fee of 1,900 Baht; effectively giving you 60 days of stay without having to apply for a visa.
Do expect however that they ask you to produce a confirmed air ticket out of the country within the 30 days of extension, hotel booking confirmation, and possibly proof of sufficient funds. If you cannot produce an air ticket out of Thailand within 30 days, you will most likely be given only a 7-day extension as previously and have to leave the country within a week.
More detailed information can be found most conveniently in the dedicated visa section of our website.
Filed Under: Miscellaneous Articles, Thailand Visa News, Visa & Immigration
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8 Responses to New Visa Rules 2014/15 – Summary
hmmm says:
Where did You get that visa photo?
Pattaya-Funtown says:
Hmm, if I remember correctly we found that somewhere on the internet I think in late 2009 when these "red warning stamps" were first reported. We were never issued one ourselves and aren't much keen on it either. Why, does it happen to be your photo?
Thailand is going Down-Hill. It is becoming more like China Was. A closed country that only wants Foreign MONEY.
They will lose most of the Western money if they continue to make it more and more difficult for us to stay there.
They don't appear to appreciate the Educational opportunities that many from the West (especially the retired) wish to bring and share with the Thai people.
The military rule of Thailand has gone too far. Soon Thailand will be devoured by China.
Hope the Thai love the Chinese language and the Chinese taking all the natural resources from Thailand, not to mention making the Thai people the Slaves to do the farming and factory work for China.
Bye Bye Thailand. If the Thai's do not wake up quickly and Take Back control and destiny of Thailand.
roy fox says:
I have overstay visa 3 years…has the law changed yet I know I can still go to the airport and pay my overstay fee…but I worry for been black listed not for myself..I am married to a Thai women with a young child that I take care of..so could anybody tell me has the new law been enforced yet…
To judge from all I've heard – the law has NOT changed and there's NO blacklisting if you overstay your visa. This proposal has never been approved.
Roy, How much you need to pay for overstay in Thailand. How did you stay away from the officer.
roy keith fox says:
it is easy to stay in Thailand as long as you don't get picked up by the police. My advice to anybody that is in Thailand on overstay is make sure that you always have money in your bank to pay your fine and money to pay for your air ticket. Because if you have no money you could find yourself in jail till you manage to get some money.
They tell me the overstay fine is still 20.000 baht as long as you get to the airport without getting stopped by the police at a checkpoint.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Choosing a printer is more than just finding a brand you like and then purchasing it. When I look at printers, I try to consider not only the upfront cost of the printer, but also the cost of buying ink and toners in the future. Those costs can really add up! We switched to a laser printer several years ago after our inkjet kept drying up because we didn't use it frequently enough – but I do miss being able to print in color since we got a simple black and white laser printer. I was excited to discover 123inkjets and decided to pull out my inkjet and try it out again. I've fallen back in love with it although the ink will dry up faster than I can use it, but since it's lower cost and eco-friendly I'm using it more than I expected.
One of my favorite features of my printer is the ability to print double sided (which is more eco friendly). I recently learned of a toner company that takes and recycles the toners we use in an eco friendly way so we can purchase them at a lower cost! 123 Inkjets can save between 50 – 75% of the cost of a toner, and they help the earth! How awesome is that!
They are a big supplier and have discounted toner and ink cartridges for almost every type of printer – even for my really old style one! This made me pull out my old ink jet printer which I had retired to try out a cartridge in it as my son needed to do a school project that I wanted to print out in color. The results were perfect. I loved that you also got a volume discount if you bought more than one of a specific cartridge which for me was great, because I always ran out of black ink far before I ran out of any of the colors. They offer both original manufacturer cartridges at a discount as well as compatible ones – and the best part?!? They don't void the warranty if you have one on your printer. They also offer a two year satisfaction guarantee which lets you stock up and buy what you need – get a discount and if for some reason it doesn't work in the two year period, you can return it. No questions asked. How awesome is that?
123inkjets was established in 1999 and they are based in California. Most orders ship the same day from their headquarters, and they have a great customer service team. They use print cartridges which have been through "one lifecycle" meaning that they have been used up and then rebuild them to provide the same service as they did when they were brand new – for some cartridges this means that the chip will still work – like it did in my HP Office Jet. I had trouble in the past buying toner from another remanufacturer as it caked and didn't work as well as I would have liked, this time I was happy that my cartridge was recognized and was ready to use in moments.
#backtoschool means back to printing in my house with reports, letters, recipes and more. It means more computer time and thankfully I'm glad to have a toner and ink solution that is eco-friendly, has great customer service and can supply what I need when I need it. 123inkjets is a great company to work with and the fact that they stand behind their products is a huge selling point in my book!


Omaiki -Baby Training Side-Snaps Daytime Trainer — Cute Little Me!
HERÖ Daytime Training Pants have a small, waterproof layer in the middle and light absorbency inside to prevent messes if the child has an accident.
Your child will realize she's had an accident and will want to change or go to the toilet to finish, but the sofa or the car seat are spared!
HERÖ Daytime Training Pants are not diapers; they are a learning tool to help parents and children take this next step.
Practical when a child is recently potty-trained but you need to leave the house for a longer period (shopping, car trip, playground…). The child won't feel like she's regressing by wearing a diaper, but big messes are avoided.
Comfortable and trim, these training pants don't look like diapers.
With an exterior in cotton jersey, they look just like "big kid" undies.


text:
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using work.bacome.async;
using work.bacome.trace;

namespace work.bacome.imapclient
{
    public partial class cIMAPClient
    {
        private partial class cSession
        {
            private static readonly cCommandPart kCheckCommandPart = new cTextCommandPart("CHECK");

            public async Task CheckAsync(cMethodControl pMC, cTrace.cContext pParentContext)
            {
                var lContext = pParentContext.NewMethod(nameof(cSession), nameof(CheckAsync), pMC);

                if (mDisposed) throw new ObjectDisposedException(nameof(cSession));

                using (var lBuilder = new cCommandDetailsBuilder())
                {
                    lBuilder.Add(await mSelectExclusiveAccess.GetBlockAsync(pMC, lContext).ConfigureAwait(false)); // block select

                    if (_ConnectionState != eConnectionState.selected) return;

                    lBuilder.Add(await mMSNUnsafeBlock.GetBlockAsync(pMC, lContext).ConfigureAwait(false)); // this command is msnunsafe

                    lBuilder.Add(kCheckCommandPart);

                    var lResult = await mPipeline.ExecuteAsync(pMC, lBuilder.EmitCommandDetails(), lContext).ConfigureAwait(false);

                    if (lResult.ResultType == eCommandResultType.ok)
                    {
                        lContext.TraceInformation("check success");
                        return;
                    }

                    throw new cProtocolErrorException(lResult, 0, lContext);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Ready for hunting? Not sure!
Freedom looking deceptively calm after our ride this morning. He was on high alert for most of it!
After a week of amazing spring weather I've almost (not quite) forgotten what a lousy winter we've had. It's been absolutely wonderful to go and ride Freedom and Zelda, to feel the warmth of the sun, to not sink up to our collective knees in snow.
In theory, hunt season started last Tuesday. Sadly, the ground was too wet for horses, and the hunts last week and this coming Tuesday were/are cancelled. In some respects, that might be good news, too, because for the first time I can remember, we (Freedom, Zelda and I are simply not ready). We (mostly me) are out of shape and they are way too excited to take out and gallop in company.
For example, this was Zelda yesterday. I can't imagine sitting those bucks even when I'm feeling fit. She's quite athletic!
Honestly, we're still at the "let's go for a long walk" stage — where I hope they don't buck, spook or jig excessively (aka cantering in place).
Zelda's worth ethic suffered over the winter. After about 15 minutes she wants to turn around and head back to the barn. She's very, shall we say, expressive about it. First her upper lip starts to twitch, then she shakes her head and neck, and then she has a hissy fit that would put a toddler in a toy store to shame. We're working out of it, but I think we're still two weeks away from compliance. I've only just achieved a nice canter without bucks, and that's without any additional excitement.
Freedom offers a different type of challenge. He won't buck (thank goodness) but he is on a hair trigger. During this morning's ride he managed some very dramatic jump/spooks when scary things like rocks, birds and squirrels jumped out at him.
And then there's me. An hour or so in the saddle leaves my legs stiff and creaky. The thought of riding in half seat for any extended period of time is still in the distant future. Of course, it'll be fun getting back into shape.
Are you sure she's not a Lippizan?
I have wondered about her lineage before. She's got some impressive Airs Above the Ground moves. Luckily she mostly restricts them to times when I am not on her, although we've had a few lively moments.
holy moly – she can really let loose!!
Which bit is Freedom wearing? I don't recognize the cheek pieces.
He's wearing a Micklem short shank. It has a roller in the mouthpiece and he likes to spin it.


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Our client Keyword Experte helps companies optimize their Adwords campaigns, to get more results out of each advertising dollar. As an introduction, Keyword Experte offers prospects a free analysis of their campaign. A short video explanation encourages visitors to request this service.


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text:
Book XIX
This webpage reproduces a Book of
Cassius Dio
published in Vol. II
of the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1914
This text has not yet been proofread.
Book XXI
Thayer's Note: Before e-mailing me with questions, comments, or corrections involving the numbering of Books, chapters, and sections in this text, please read the orientation page.
Fragments of Book XX
p333 Philip, king of Macedon, had put to death his son Demetrius and was about to slay his other son Perseus, when death overtook him. For because Demetrius had gained the affection of the Roman people through his sojourn as hostage and hoped, along with the rest of the Macedonian people, that he should secure the kingdom after Philip's death, Perseus, who was his elder had become jealous of him and falsely reported him to be plotting against his father. Thus Demetrius was forced to drink poison and died. Philip not long afterward ascertained the truth, and desired to take vengeance upon Perseus; but he did not possess sufficient strength, and not only did he die himself, but Perseus succeeded to the kingdom. The Romans confirmed his claims to it and renewed the compact of friendship made with his father.
In the period following this some events took place, to be sure, yet they were not of such great importance as to seem worthy of record. Still later Perseus became hostile to the Romans, and in order to delay actual warfare until he should have made his preparations, he sent envoys to Rome nominally to present his answer to the charges which were being brought against him. These messengers the Romans would not receive within the wall; and p335 although they gave them a hearing in the space before the city, they returned no other answer than that they would send a consul with whom he might confer on whatever topics he pleased. They also caused them to depart the same day, after giving them guides to prevent their associating with anybody. And Perseus was forbidden for the future to set foot on the soil of Italy.
The Romans later sent out Gnaeus Sicinius, a praetor, with a small force, as they had not yet made ready their greater armament; and Perseus made an invasion of Thessaly, in which he won over the greater part of that country. When spring opened, they sent Licinius Crassus against him, as well as a praetor, Gaius Lucretius, in charge of the fleet. Crassus first encountered Perseus near Larissa and was worsted in a cavalry skirmish; later, however, he got the best of him, and Perseus accordingly retreated into Macedonia. Crassus meanwhile assailed the Greek cities which were held in subjection by Philip and was repulsed from the majority of them, although he got possession of a few and razed some of them to the ground, selling the captives. When the people in Rome learned of this, they became indignant, and later they imposed a fine on Crassus, liberated the captured cities, and bought back from the purchasers such of their inhabitants as had been sold and were then found in Italy.
Thus the Romans fared in these undertakings; but in the war against Perseus they suffered many severe reverses and their fortunes at many points were at a low ebb. Perseus occupied the greater part of Epirus and Thessaly, having gathered a large body of troops. As a special measure of defence against the Romans' elephants he had a trained phalanx of heavy-armed warriors whose shields and helmets he had had studded with sharp iron nails. Also, in order to make sure that the beasts should not prove a source of terror to the horses, he constructed images of elephants and smeared them with some kind of ointment to give them a dreadful odour. They were terrible both to see and to hear, since they were skilfully arranged to emit a roar resembling thunder; and he would repeatedly lead the horses up to these figures until they gained courage. Perseus, then, as a result of all this had acquired great confidence and even hoped to surpass Alexander in glory and in the size of his domain; and the people of Rome, when they learned this, speedily sent out Marcius Philippus, who was consul. He, on reaching the camp in Thessaly, went to drilling the Romans and the allies, so that Perseus became afraid, and remained quiet at Dium in Macedonia, near Tempe, and kept watch of the pass. Philippus, encouraged by this behaviour of his, crossed over the middle of the mountain range and occupied some possessions of Perseus. But as he was advancing toward Pydna he fell short of provisions and turned back to Thessaly. Perseus now gained courage anew, recovered the places that Philippus had occupied, and with his fleet caused the Romans numerous injuries.
Text, 66 1
Zonaras
Perseus hoped to eject the Romans from Greece p339 completely, but through his excessive and inopportune parsimony and the consequent contempt of his allies he became weak once more. For when the Roman influence was declining and his own was increasing, he became filled with scorn and thought he had no further need of his allies, but believed that either they would assist him free of cost or he could prevail by himself. Hence he paid neither Eumenes nor Gentius the money that he had promised, thinking that they had reasons of their own for enmity toward the Romans. These princes, therefore, and the Thracians, who also were not receiving their full pay, became indifferent; and Perseus fell into such depths of despair again that he even sued for peace.
2 Perseus sued for peace at the hands of the Romans, and would have obtained it but for the presence in p341 his embassy of the Rhodians, who joined it through fear that the Romans' rival might be destroyed. Their language had none of the moderation which it was fitting for petitioners to employ, and they talked as if they were not so much asking peace for Perseus as bestowing it, and adopted a very arrogant tone generally; finally they threatened those who should be responsible for their failing to come to an agreement, declaring that they would fight with the others against them. Even before this time they had not been free from suspicion on the part of the Romans, and by their present conduct they made themselves more hated than ever; thus they prevented Perseus from obtaining peace.
He also secured allies and hoped to eject the Romans from Greece altogether, but through his excessive and inopportune parsimony and the consequent contempt of his allies he became weak once more. For as soon as the Roman influence was declining and his own was increasing, he became filled with scorn and thought he had no further need of his allies, and would not give them the money which he had offered. The zeal of some, accordingly, became damped and others abandoned him entirely, whereupon he was so overwhelmed by despair that he even sued for peace. And he would have obtained it through Eumenes but for the presence of Rhodians also in the embassy. These, by adopting an arrogant tone with the Romans, prevented him from obtaining peace.
At this point the war against him was entrusted to Aemilius Paulus, now for the second time consul. He quickly reached Thessaly, and having first restored discipline among the soldiers, forced his way through Tempe, which was being guarded by only a few men, and marched against Perseus. The latter had erected breastworks along the river Elpeus, which lay between the armies, had occupied and rendered impassable by means of stone walls and palisades and buildings all the ground between Olympus and the sea, and was encouraged by the lack of water in the place. Yet even so the consul attempted to effect a passage, and he found a means of remedying p343 the lack of water; for by piercing the sand bed at the foot of Olympus he found an abundant supply suitable for drinking. Meanwhile envoys of the Rhodians came to him, animated by the same boldness which they had displayed on their former embassy to Rome. But he made no statement to them beyond saying that he would return an answer in a few days, and dismissed them. Now when he could accomplish nothing by direct assault, but learned that the mountains were passable in places, he sent a portion of his army toward that pass across them which was the most difficult of approach, to seize opportune points along the route, — for on account of the difficulty of access it had an extremely small guard, — while he himself with the remainder of his army attacked Perseus, so that the latter might not become suspicious and guard the mountains with greater care. Afterwards, when the heights had been occupied, he set out by night for the mountains, and by passing unnoticed at some points and employing force at others he got across. Perseus on learning of this became afraid that the enemy might assail him from the rear, or even seize Pydna, since the Roman fleet was at the same time sailing along the coast; and he accordingly abandoned his fortification near the river, and hastening to Pydna, encamped in front of the town. Paulus, too, came there, but instead of beginning an engagement immediately they delayed for a good many days. Paulus had learned beforehand that the moon was going to be eclipsed, and so, assembling his army on the evening when the eclipse was due to occur, he gave the men notice of what would happen and warned them not to let it disturb p345 them at all. Accordingly the Romans on beholding the eclipse looked for no evil to come from it; but the Macedonians were in fear because of it and thought that the prodigy referred to Perseus. While each side was in this frame of mind an accidental occurrence the next day forced them into an unpremeditated battle and put an end to the war. One of the Romans' pack-animals fell into the water from which they were getting their supply, whereupon the Macedonians laid hold of him and the water-carriers offered resistance. At first they fought by themselves; then the other troops also gradually issued from their respective camps to the assistance of their own men, and everybody on both sides became engaged. A disordered but sharp conflict ensued, in which the Romans were victorious; and pursuing the Macedonians as far as the sea, they slaughtered numbers of them themselves and allowed the fleet, which was drawing inshore, to slay many more. Indeed, not one of them would have been left alive had not night come to their aid; for the battle occurred during the late afternoon.
Perseus consequently made his escape to Amphipolis, where he intended to rally the survivors and reorganize the campaign; but as nobody came to him but Cretan mercenaries and he learned that Pydna and other cities had chosen the Roman side, he moved on from there also, and after putting aboard some vessels all the money that he was carrying he sailed away by night to Samothrace. Before long he ascertained that Octavius was approaching at the head of his fleet and that Paulus had arrived at Amphipolis; so he sent him a letter expressing a desire to come to terms. But since he styled himself king in the letter, he did not even get an answer. Subsequently he sent a letter without any such title in it; and Paulus entertained his plea for peace, but declared that he would make terms only on condition that Perseus entrusted himself and all his possessions to the Romans' keeping. Hence they failed to come to an agreement.
p347 When Perseus was in the temple at Samothrace, a demand was made of him for the surrender of one Evander, of Cretan stock, a most faithful follower who had assisted him in many other schemes against the Romans and had helped to concoct the plot carried out at Delphi against Eumenes. Perseus, fearing that he might declare all the intrigues to which he had been privy, did not deliver him up, but secretly slew him and spread the report that he had made away with himself before he could be apprehended. The associates of Perseus, fearing his p349 treachery and blood-guiltiness, then began to desert him.
4 Perseus allowed himself to be discovered, and he was brought to Amphipolis. Paulus accorded him no harsh treatment in deed or word, but on the contrary rose at his approach, welcomed him in other ways, and let him sit at his table; he kept him in honourable confinement and treated him with great consideration.
After this a demand was made upon Perseus by the Romans for the surrender of one Evander, a Cretan, who had assisted him in many schemes against them and was most faithful to him. Perseus, fearing that he might declare all the intrigues to which he had been privy, did not deliver him up, but secretly slew him and spread the report that he had perished by his own hand. Then the associates of Perseus, fearing his treachery, since they were not ignorant of what had occurred, began to desert him. Perseus, in dread of being delivered up to the Romans, tried to escape at night by flight, and would have gotten away unobserved to Cotys, a Thracian prince, but for the fact that the Cretans abandoned him; for after placing the money in boats they sailed off home. So he remained there for some days in concealment with Philip, one of his sons, but on ascertaining that the rest of his children and his retinue had fallen into the hands of Octavius, he allowed himself to be discovered. When he was brought to Amphipolis, Paulus did him no injury, but welcomed him and let him sit at his table; he kept him in honourable confinement and treated him with consideration.
After this Paulus returned through Epirus to Italy.
24 1 At this same time Lucius Anicius, a praetor, sent to conduct operations against Gentius, not only conquered those who withstood him but also pursued Gentius, when he fled to Scodra, where his p351 palace was, and shut him up there. The city was built on the summit of a mountain and had deep ravines with rushing torrents winding about it, besides being surrounded by a strong wall; and the siege would have come to naught, had not Gentius, presuming greatly upon his own power, voluntarily advanced to battle. In consequence Anicius gained control of his entire domain; he then proceeded to Epirus, before Paulus arrived, and quieted that disturbed district also.
The people of Rome by some rumour or other heard of the victory of Paulus on the fourth day after the battle, but they placed no sure confidence in it. Then letters were brought from Paulus regarding his success, and they were greatly pleased and plumed themselves not merely upon having vanquished Perseus and acquired Macedonia but upon having beaten the renowned Philip of old and Alexander himself, together with all that empire which he had held. When Paulus reached Rome, many decrees were passed in his honour and his triumphal procession was a most brilliant one. For in addition to all the booty which he had taken he also had in his procession Bithys, the son of Cotys, besides Perseus with his wife and three children in the garb of captives. But fearing that Heaven might become displeased with the Romans because of their excessive good fortune, he prayed, as Camillus had once done, that no ill to the state might result from it all, but rather to him, if it must come; and, indeed, he lost two sons, one a little before the celebration and the other during the triumphal festival itself.
p353 Paulus was not only good at generalship but most inaccessible to bribes. Of this the following is a proof. Though he had at that time entered upon the consulship for a second term and had gained possession of untold spoils, he continued to live in such great poverty that when he died the dowry was with difficulty paid back to his wife. Such was the nature of the man and such were his deeds. The only thing regarded as a blemish that attached to his character was his turning over the possessions of the Epirots? to his soldiers for pillage; for the rest, he showed himself a man not devoid of charm and temperate in good fortune, who was seen to be at once most fortunate and most shrewd in military affairs. For example, he did not assume a pompous or boastful attitude toward Perseus, nor had he been careless or incautious in his conduct of the war against him.
He was not only good at generalship, but he scorned money. Of this the following is a proof. Though he had at that time entered upon the consulship for a second term and had gained possession of untold spoils, he continued to live in such great poverty that when he died the dowry was with difficulty paid back to his wife.
Of the captives Bithys was returned to his father without ransom, but Perseus with his children and attendants was settled in Alba. There he held out as long as he still hoped to recover his kingdom, but when he despaired of this, he made away with himself. His son Philip and his daughter also died a little later; only the youngest son survived for a time and served as under-secretary to the magistrates of Alba. Thus Perseus, who boasted of tracing his descent through twenty kings and often had on his lips the name of Philip and still oftener that of Alexander, lost his kingdom, became a captive, and marched in the triumphal procession wearing chains as well as his diadem.
p355 The Rhodians, who formerly had possessed a great deal of self-esteem, thinking that they, too, were the conquerors of Philip and Antiochus and were superior to the Romans, became so alarmed that they sent for Popilius, who had been despatched as an ambassador to Antiochus, king of Syria, and in his presence to condemn all those who had been opposed to the Roman policy and to send such of them as were apprehended to punishment.
2 This same people, though they had frequently sent envoys to the Romans, as often as they wanted anything, now ceased to bring to their attention any of their former claims, but mentioned only the cases they could cite of services once rendered them which might be useful in diverting their ill-will. p357 They were especially anxious at this time to secure the title of Roman allies, which formerly they had refused to accept; for they had wished to inspire the Romans with fear through the fact that they were not bound to friendship by any oath and hence were free to transfer their allegiance at any time, and furthermore they had wished to be courted by such states as from time to time might be engaged in war with Rome. But now they were endeavouring to strengthen the good-will of the Romans, while at the same time seeking the honour that was sure to be accorded them in consequence by others.
69 1 Prusias himself came to that, and entering the senate-house, kissed the threshold; and he termed the senators gods, and did them obeisance. Thus he readily obtained mercy, though he had fought against Attalus contrary to the Romans' advice. It p359 was said that at home, too, whenever their envoys came to him, he did them obeisance, calling himself a freedman of the people, and often he would put on the cap of liberty.
The Rhodians, who in their earlier dealing with the Romans had shown a haughty spirit, now begged the latter not to bear ill-will toward them; and whereas they had previously refused to be called their allies, they were now especially anxious to secure this privilege. They obtained the object of their striving, but only after long delay. The Romans harboured resentment against the Cretans, too, but in response to frequent entreaties on the part of this nation they eventually relaxed their anger. Their behaviour was similar in the case of Prusias and Eumenes. The former came personally to the city, and entering the senate-house, kissed the threshold and did obeisance to the senators, whereupon he obtained mercy and pardon; Eumenes, however, owed to his brother Attalus his security against further ill-will on their part.
At this time, too, the affairs of Cappadocia were settled in the following manner. The monarch of that country, Ariarathes, had a legitimate son Ariarathes. But since for a long time before she had this son his wife had failed to conceive, she had adopted a child whom she called Orophernes. When the true son was later born, the position of the other was detected and he was banished. But after the death of Ariarathes he headed an uprising against his alleged brother. Eumenes allies himself with Ariarathes, and Demetrius, the king of Syria, with Orophernes. Ariarathes, after sustaining a defeat, fled to the Romans and was appointed by them to share the kingdom with Orophernes. But the fact that Ariarathes had been termed a friend and ally by the Romans enabled him subsequently to make the entire domain his own. Then Attalus, who succeeded Eumenes upon the death of the latter, drove both Orophernes and Demetrius out of Cappadocia altogether.
25 1 Ptolemy, the ruler of Egypt, passed away leaving two sons and one daughter. When the brothers began to quarrel with each other about the sovereignty, Antiochus, the son of Antiochus the p361 Great, sheltered the younger, who had been driven out, in order that under the pretext of defending him he might get his hands on Egyptian affairs. In a campaign directed against Egypt he conquered the greater part of the country and spent some time in besieging Alexandria. When the rest sought refuge with the Romans, Popilius was sent to Antiochus and bade him keep his hands off Egypt; for the brothers, comprehending the designs of Antiochus, had become reconciled. When the latter was for putting off his reply, Popilius drew a circle about him with his staff and demanded that he deliberate and answer standing where he was. Antiochus then in fear raised the siege. The Ptolemies (this was the name of both princes) on being relieved of their dread of danger from outside, quarrelled again. Then they were reconciled once more by the Romans, on the condition that the elder should have Egypt and Cyprus, and the other the country about Cyrene, which also belonged to Egypt at that time. But the younger brother, angry at receiving the inferior portion, came to Rome, where he secured from the people a grant of Cyprus in addition. Then his brother once more effected an arrangement with him by giving him some cities in exchange for Cyprus and agreeing to make fixed payments of money and grain.
Antiochus subsequently died, leaving the kingdom to a child of the same name, whom the Romans confirmed in possession of it and to whom they sent three men ostensibly to act as his guardians, as he was very young. The commissioners, on finding elephants and triremes contrary to the compact, p363 ordered the elephants all to be slain and administered everything else in the interest of Rome. Therefore Lysias, who had been entrusted with the guardianship of the king, incited the populace to expel the Romans and also to kill Gaius Octavius. When these plans had been carried out, Lysias straightway despatched envoys to Rome to offer a defence for what had been done. Now Demetrius, the son of Seleucus, and grandson of Antiochus, who was staying in Rome as a hostage at the time of his father's death and had been deprived of the kingdom by his uncle Antiochus, had asked for the domain of his father when he learned of the death of Antiochus, but the Romans would neither help him to get it nor permit him to depart from Rome; and he, in spite of his dissatisfaction, had remained quiet. But when this affair of Lysias occurred, he no longer delayed, but escaped by flight and sent a message to the senate from Lycia stating that it was not his cousin Antiochus, but Lysias that he was attacking, with the purpose of avenging Octavius. And hastening to Tripolis in Syria, he won over the town, representing that he had been sent out by the Romans to take charge of the kingdom; for no one had any idea of his flight. Then after conquering Apamea and gathering a body of troops he marched on Antioch; and when the boy and Lysias offered no opposition through fear of the Romans, but came to meet him as friends, he put them to death and recovered the kingdom. He then forwarded to p365 Rome a crown and the assassin of Octavius; but the citizens were angry with him and would accept neither.
Later the Romans made a campaign again the Dalmatians. This race is a branch of the Illyrians who dwell along the Ionian Gulf, some of whom the Greeks used to call Taulantii, and part of whom are close to Dyrrachium. The cause of the war was that they had been abusing some of their neighbours who enjoyed the friendship of the Romans, and when the Romans joined an embassy in their behalf, the Dalmatians returned no respectful answer, and even arrested and killed the envoys of the other nations. Scipio Nasica made a campaign against this race and brought them to submission; for he captured their towns and proceeded to sell the captives. Other events, too, took place in those days, yet not of a kind to deserve mention or record.
Page updated: 16 Apr 11


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Today, and many other days in this season of Lent, we are asked to do penance, and repent, and truly focus our attention back to the Lord. Also today being friday, we usually do the practice of abstinence, that is to abstain from eating meat, particularly red meat today. We also have the practice of fasting, which all of us Catholics must do on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday, on which day we fast, by eating only a full meal and up to two smaller meals or snacks.
Have we done our part in doing these fasting and abstinence practices? These are the practices highly recommended for us to be done during this season of Lent. One may ask, then why don't we fast like those Muslims or other religions do? That when they fast, they do not eat for long hours of the day, and fast for a whole month, then why don't we just fast for the whole of the 40 days, and eat only once per day? Does it not fit better with the description of Lent as a season for fasting?
No, the reason we do not fast for such periods is because, we do not want to lose the focus of fasting, that fasting should not be done for the sake of fasting, that fasting should indeed be done out of sincere love for God and desire to turn back fully to the Lord. Fasting should be a facilitator of our repentance and a vessel through which we can better focus our attention to God. For in the reading today, the Lord tells us that He do not desire our fasting and abstinence, but rather our hearts, our broken and sinful hearts, that truly change and repent into renewed and sanctified hearts through our complete transformation, not only physically, but most importantly, the transformation of what is inside us.
Therefore, what matters this Lent is that we strive to make changes in our life, from those things that we have done in sin, slowly and surely we turn these into things done for the glory of God. For when we fast, it is to actually turn our focus and attention into our hearts, to look inside, whether we have done what is concrete to change from our sinful ways and walk into the light. For it is wrong when we fast or abstain, but we end up doing the opposite, for example, there are some who abstain on Fridays of the Lent, but then gather together and have a seafood BBQ or seafood party. Well technically you are not eating meat indeed, and fish is the alternative allowed, but then you are missing the point of fasting if you do so.
The same is also when you fast, but then during the fast, you grumble and think why should I waste my time with this fast, and look forward to the meal time, and when the meal time comes, you just devour as much food as you can. This is also missing the point on doing fasting during this holy period of Lent.
Therefore brothers and sisters in Christ, in this Lenten period, do fast, and do abstain, and if you like even not only on Fridays, but also on other days of the Lent if you want to, but most importantly, do not forget that what matters is to make sure that we are changed internally, and that we make use this time, to bring ourselves closer to God, closer to Him who loves us, and willing to accept us back into His embrace, if only we reject our sins and turn our face back towards the Light. May God bless all of us in this Lent, and have a blessed fast and abstinence everyone! Amen.
Dear brothers and sisters in Christ, to follow Jesus, our Lord is not easy, for in following the Lord, we are going to have to suffer and go through trials and tribulations, just as Christ Himself faced His great trial, and ultimately was crucified on Calvary for our sake. Christ asks us today to carry our own crosses together with Him, and to face together the persecutions and the oppositions against the Lord and His divine mission, that is to save all mankind from the slavery of evil and sin.
Let us stay straight on this path, led by Christ, towards God. Let us orientate our heart properly and appropriately that we will always keep the Lord as the focus of our life. For our short and temporary life in this world is indeed short and fleeting. It is just a fleeting moment in the history of creation, but for us, what we do in our lives are indeed important, and if we do not do anything to make sure that we are on the right path towards the Lord, we will not be able to reach Him in the end.
Christ made our journey back to the Lord possible, for it is through His death and resurrection that a great bridge, Christ Himself, appeared between us and the Father who loves us. This is why Christ had to suffer, had to suffer from pain and rejection, and ultimately had to die on the cross, because without the sacrifice of Christ, who is our High Priest and intermediate between us and the Father, there can be no reunion between us and God, for we are separated from Him by a huge and unbridgeable chasm of sin and death. Only Christ, the Lamb of God, is worthy of being the only bridge that crossed that chasm, and through Him, we have a path back to our loving Father in heaven.
No greater love than the one who lay down his life for his friends, and this is exactly what Christ did for us, for we are not just like friends to Him, as we are His brothers, and His sisters. He loves us so much that He was willing to endure, and out of full obedience of His Father, willing to carry the cross, and the burden of all our sins, to Calvary to die and liberate us from the evil one and his hold on us. Nevertheless, for exactly the same reason, the devil hates Him so, and therefore, also hates all who believes in Christ who has liberated us from him through His Precious Blood.
Evil has many things up his sleeve in order to detract us from our direct path to the Lord. Temptations of this world are especially effective weapon the evil one uses against us. False gods are abundant in our world of today, from money, pleasures of the body, commercial temptations, and many others. As Moses said in the first reading, we do have a choice, whether we embrace these temptations and therefore serve the false gods instead of the one, true God, and turn our back on Him, or we can reject these temptations, and continue faithfully to seek the Lord our God.
This path will not be easy, since the world, filled with evil, hates the Lord, and therefore, will do all it can to make us suffer through our journey to the Lord. This suffering can be manifest in many form, and do not have to be physical suffering, but also mentally. This does not mean that we must hate or shun the world in return. Rather, let us embrace those sufferings and pains, and turn them into joy, knowing that the Lord is always with us through our long journey towards Him, and we know that if we stay faithful to Him and face our heart ever towards Him, He will reward us with His love and the place in His Kingdom, that we deserved.
But do not come to Him empty handed, since, there are many others out there who do not yet start their own paths towards the Lord, either lost, or even manipulated by the evil one to fight against God and us, His beloved children. Let us stretch out our hands and reach out to these lost brothers and sisters of ours. Remember, that Christ came to save all mankind, even those who rejected and cursed Him. He forgave them, and as long as they are willing to turn back towards Him, they too, will be given eternal life, together with us.
Let us humble ourselves and follow in the footsteps of the Lord, who has braved through death to save us from our own deaths. This Lent, let it be a fruitful and great season for our being, for our own faith, and for that of those around us. Let us make a solid choice towards the Lord, to attune ourselves fully with His great love, and sanctify ourselves, that when this season of Lent is complete, we are reborn anew, ever greater in faith, in hope, and in love, particularly in this holy Year of Faith. Amen.
See, I set before you on this day, life and good, evil and death. I command you to love YHVH, your God and follow His ways. Observe His commandments, His norms, and His laws, and you will live and increase, and YHVH will give you His blessing in the land you are going to possess.
But if your heart turns away and does not listen, if you are drawn away and bow before other gods to serve them, I declare on this day that you shall perish. You shall not last in the land you are going to occupy on the other side of the Jordan.
Let the heavens and the earth listen, that they may be witnesses against you. I have set before you, life and death, blessing and curse. Therefore, choose life that you and your descendants may live, loving YHVH, listening to His voice, and being one with Him. In this is life for you and length of days in the land which YHVH swore to give to your ancestors, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.


Momo met Piet in the city and is angry about his loud mouth. When Momo told him that he is at fightplace Piet wants to fight against him. They agree on meeting in the basement of Momo's house for a fight man against man. But Piet was to selfconfident because Momo who is a long time at fightplace is very fast. The much bigger Piet sweats a lot. Momo enjoys to tease the bigger Piet. At the end Piet is trapped, that he has to submit. He could not believe this and frustrated he wants to have a revanche.
Play length - 65 min.


On Tuesday 20th, the Cervantes Institute in Brussels, together with the Embassy of El Salvador to the EU, held a screening of the documentary about Archbishop Óscar Romero, martyr who was assassinated while offering Mass in 1980. Following the colloquium, three experts commented on the documentary: Gianni Beretta, director of the film; Julian Filochowski, Chair of Romero Trust; and Martin Maier, JESC Secretary for European Affairs.
Beretta noted that "The idea of the documentary was born a month after Pope Francis was elected." The full-length film lasts 81 minutes. Producers are adapting it for television, the rights to which will be sold to public broadcasters throughout the world.
"I am moved and grateful," said Maier after watching the documentary: "It gives the heart of Mr. Romero: his heart was the people." "I share Romero's view: I have known God better because I have known the salvadorian people," stated JESC Secretary for European Affairs who spent several years in El Salvador.


text:
Video Games: Layton's Mystery Journey
Posted byhallieandannie April 22, 2021 April 22, 2021 Posted inAll, Annie, Video GamesTags:All, Annie, gaming, layton, mysteryjourney, nintendo, videogames
Promotional image for 'Layton's Mystery Journey'. Copyright goes to Level-5.
Yesterday, I was able to finish Layton's Mystery Journey after I just bought it a couple days ago. I'm bored. Can you tell? What's weird about this game is that I was never planning to buy it in the first place even though I have always been a fan of the Layton series. Why? Because the story just didn't look that interesting. I grew up playing 'Professor Layton and the Curious Village' and when I say it was one of my favorite games when I was younger I am not even in the slightest bit kidding. I would obsess over puzzles for days and sometimes try to work them out when I wasn't even playing the game. The love for that specific DS game eventually led me to watch the animated movies in the franchise and download the mobile game, 'Layton Brothers Mystery Room'. I know a lot of people didn't like that game because it was a completely different game mechanic, but I thought the character development for Alfendi was amazing. All that aside, a lot of hardcore Layton fans dismissed the riddles in this game as too easy and the story as too lighthearted. Considering I just got my Nintendo Switch Lite not that long ago, I had other games I was prioritizing much more because of these lackluster reviews. 'Animal Crossing New Horizons' for example. But after another wave of boredom hit me after I binged a bunch of K-Dramas, I thought that a lighthearted story with puzzles that would keep me occupied was the perfect distraction. Is it true that the puzzles are too easy and the story is more lighthearted than usual? Yes. But, I feel like this game has plenty of it's own charms. LIGHT SPOILERS AHEAD and some SPOILERS for past Layton games! I'm just going to assume you haven't played the game, so I won't get too much into story details.
The Interesting:
Katrielle: I actually really liked Kat. I know a lot of people are complaining about her because she can have a pretty big ego and is more prone to doing stupid things, but she's not Professor Layton. It was nice to go through the story with somebody so calm and composed and I definitely miss that character, especially his voice, but Kat isn't supposed to be him. In fact, her being a bit inexperienced and naive is all part of the character especially because she is so young. And she is lovable in her own way. I'm very glad that this series has never stopped with the eccentric puzzle solvers and investigators. Kat is the type of person who will climb through a window if that means retracing her steps. She does get character development in the game as well because it's clear to the audience that she becomes cleverer as the game progresses. I am very very happy to see a character like Kat headline a Layton game. The first female character we were introduced to in this franchise was Flora, who I loved but often got left behind for her own safety. Emmy was extremely charming, but they turned her completely insane in a twist in the last media featuring Professor Hershel Layton as its lead. The first female character we got who was smart, sane, and also joined in on the adventures was Lucy from the mobile game. And though I love her, she definitely was not the most interesting character there. Kat both leads this game and is treated as the most interesting and influential character in the game; just like Hershel was. I can't tell you how long I've been waiting for a character like this to break into the franchise.
Ernest: Every good investigator needs an assistant. For Hershel it was Luke, for Alfendi it was Lucy, and for Kat it's Ernest. I honestly think Ernest might be my favorite of the assistants we've had so far. He's such a sweet guy who is so hopelessly in love with Kat that you can't help but feel for him. But I think his kindness is where the character shines. After a difficult childhood, he took several wrong turns and ended up helping others in whatever way he could. Just the nicest of beans. Not only that, but I don't think we've had a Layton game that's delved so much into the storyline of the assistant before. This is where I'm going to keep my lips sealed about some events from the game, but Ernest gets character development in droves in this and it was so nice to see. This game really makes you feel for the characters, just like past Layton games.
The Storyline: The game borrows from old Layton mechanics as well as mechanics from the mobile game to separate much of your gameplay into case files. I've heard a lot of people say that the cases were too disconnected, but I felt like they connected enough in the end for you to see the over-all plot entwining together each case. Just like all the other Layton games, the ending is emotional and features a twist that you probably didn't see coming. Seriously, the twists are some of what makes the Layton franchise so good to me. The reveal of Flora at the end of 'Curious Village' and Alfendi's true personality at the end of 'Mystery Room' are game moments that are seared into my memory. I think this one goes up there with them. I absolutely loved diving back into the world of Layton and I feel like story beats in this firmly stakes it's place in the Layton franchise. I also liked how many of the cases had different feels; like a case mimicking Scooby Doo and another uncovering the secret identity of a superhero. It kept the game fun and entertaining.
The Side Characters: A lot the side characters got a lot more than I though they would! I especially liked the helpful restaurant owner and the sweet but lonely Liza Wight.
The Puzzles: I missed these so much! Though I liked the murder mystery elements in 'Mystery Room' as well as being able to connect the dots yourself and choose who you thought the culprit was; it wasn't the same at all. Layton is all about the riddles and the puzzles, so I was so happy to get back to the brain teasers.
The Music: Though I will always miss the original Layton music, I was surprised at how good this game was at having it's own unique music that still felt true to the original sounds. It wasn't the exact same, but it felt the same thematically.
The Frustrating:
The Puzzles: As people have said, the puzzles are, for the most part. easier. There are some more difficult ones, but there are also some riddles that don't make as much sense. I saw an article come out when this game was released about a puzzle that many on Twitter had dubbed as "mean". This puzzle asked the gamer how many times they would have to move the hands of a clock for it to read twelve on the dot. The answer? None at all, just wait for midnight to come around. It felt like a puzzle that was meant more to be a practical joke. There are a few like that where the answer to a puzzle feels more like a non-answer and you wonder why they chose it for the game. I also wish that the puzzles would have included more riddles. Riddles are definitely my favorite type of puzzle in these games; but there were quite a few puzzles that involved moving pieces around or attempting to trace a specific image instead. I don't mind those, but it felt like there were more of those than the traditional riddles. I much preferred the puzzles where you had to use a series of interviews to sniff out the liar or figure out which order a group of people was walking in. Unfortunately, a lot of the easier puzzles were riddles.
Easy Cases: Just like the puzzles, the cases were a bit easier to solve here too. I was generally able to solve most of the cases after obtaining three of six clues. There were a couple of cases that had certain details that were a bit more out there. And a couple cases had details that the clues you got didn't necessarily make clear. The last case went so in detail with things the audience couldn't have possibly known; but I feel like that often happens in order to allow the major twists in Layton games, so I wasn't too mad at it.
Sherl O. C. Holmes: I know a lot of people absolutely hated the talking dog. I admit, randomly adding a talking dog into the Layton series which has had nothing unusual like that happen in it before, was an odd choice. At first I just decided to overlook it because they treated it like a mystery, but I was a little confused when they never solved it as a case. I'm hoping it'll be addressed in a future game or something. But this character didn't annoy me as much as he seemed to annoy everyone else. He wasn't one of my favorite characters, but I got used to his presence there and I thought some of his side remarks were funny. I just wished they gave him more to do as a character if he was going to be there. He didn't really get any character moments and, considering how much they gave to Kat and Ernest, his lack of development really stood out. I just wish they would have committed more to this character if they were going to include him in the first place.
The Stakes: I pretty much live off of lighthearted content right now, so I had absolutely no problems whatsoever with the lighthearted cases. But I do think the game could have done with slightly higher stakes. In the end it seemed like nothing really affected anyone in the end and everyone just went off happy regardless of anything bad they had done. It should have felt a little more earned in the end, in my opinion. But, because it went at least pretty well with the over-all theme of the game, I wasn't too mad at it.
Over-all I really liked this game! Just like all the other games in the Layton franchise I've played, I can definitely see myself going back to this in the future. Don't let the reviews scare you, it's actually a fun game to play and the riddles will keep you occupied even if some of them are easy. And I think the character development and the ending of this game alone is worth it even if all the riddles sucked (which they don't). I thoroughly enjoyed Kat as well as so much of the story in this installment of the franchise. I think this is just one of those franchises that I will continue to enjoy for years to come.
K-Pop and K-Dramas: BTS and Military Service
Book Adaptations: Why Sirius Black and Remus Lupin Should Have Ended Up Together


text:
Q: My observer is always firing when I come back from one fragment to another I'm using Navigation Components, I have Fragment A and Fragment B, from Fragment A I send an object to Fragment B with safe args and navigate to it.
override fun onSelectableItemClick(position:Int,product:Product) {
        val action = StoreFragmentDirections.actionNavigationStoreToOptionsSelectFragment(product,position)
        findNavController().navigate(action)
    }

Now, after some logic in my Fragment B , I want to deliver that data to Fragment A again, which I use
  btn_add_to_cart.setOnClickListener {button ->
 findNavController().previousBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.set("optionList",Pair(result,product_position))
                findNavController().popBackStack()
            }

Then in Fragment A, I catch up this data with
findNavController().currentBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.getLiveData<Pair<MutableList<ProductOptions>,Int>>("optionList")
            ?.observe(viewLifecycleOwner, Observer {
                storeAdapter.updateProductOptions(it.second,it.first)
            })

Now, this is working fine, but if I go from Fragment A to Fragment B and press the back button, the observer above fires again duplicating my current data, is there a way to just fire this observer when I only press the btn_add_to_cart button from Fragment B ?

A: You use this extenstion:
fun <T> Fragment.getResult(key: String = "key") =
    findNavController().currentBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.get<T>(key)

fun <T> Fragment.getResultLiveData(key: String = "key"): MutableLiveData<T>? {

    viewLifecycleOwner.lifecycle.addObserver(LifecycleEventObserver { _, event ->
        if (event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_DESTROY) {
            findNavController().previousBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.remove<T>(key)
        }
    })

    return findNavController().currentBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.getLiveData<T>(key)
}

fun <T> Fragment.setResult(key: String = "key", result: T) {
    findNavController().previousBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.set(key, result)
}

Example:
FragmentA -> FragmentB
Fragment B need to set the result of the TestModel.class
ResultTestModel.class
data class ResultTestModel(val id:String?, val name:String?)

Fragment A:
 override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater,
        container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
    // ...

    getNavigationResultLiveData<PassengerFragmentResultNavigationModel>(
           "UNIQUE_KEY")?.observe(viewLifecycleOwner) { result ->
           Log.i("-->","${result.id} and ${result.name}")
    }

    //...
}

Fragment B: set data and call popBackStack.
ResultTestModel(id = "xyz", name = "Rasoul")
setNavigationResult(key = "UNIQUE_KEY", result = resultNavigation)
findNavController().popBackStack()

A: Facing same issue

Resolve this by removing old data from savedStateHandle live data

Inside Fragment B :
      button?.setOnClickListener {

        findNavController().previousBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.set(key, data)
        findNavController().popBackStack()

     }

Inside Fragment A:

Here is key to remove the old data by using live data remove method and it should be after view created like in onViewCreated method of fragment

 override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

        findNavController().currentBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.getLiveData<String>(key)?.observe(viewLifecycleOwner) {
            result(it)
            findNavController().currentBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.remove<String>(key)
        }

    }

Update :
I have created Extension for this for better usage
   fun <T> Fragment.setBackStackData(key: String, data: T, doBack: Boolean = false) {
        findNavController().previousBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.set(key, data)
        if (doBack)
            findNavController().popBackStack()
    }

    fun <T> Fragment.getBackStackData(key: String, singleCall : Boolean= true , result: (T) -> (Unit)) {
        findNavController().currentBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.getLiveData<T>(key)
            ?.observe(viewLifecycleOwner) {
                result(it)
                //if not removed then when click back without set data it will return previous data
                if(singleCall) findNavController().currentBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.remove<T>(key)
            }
    }

Calling inside fragment be like
While setting data in fragment B
   var user : User = User(data) // Make sure this is parcelable or serializable
   setBackStackData("key",user,true)

While getting data inside fragment A
getBackStackData<User>("key",true) { it ->

}

Thanks to This Guy

A: It is not clear from your code where your last piece of code is called - where you add an Observer to LiveData. I am guessing it is inside one of the methods onResume() or onViewStateRestored() or any other lifecycle callback which is called again whenever you return to Fragment A from Fragment B. If that is the case, then you are adding a new observer to the LiveData and any observer of a LiveData receives an instant update for the current value.
Move that piece of code to one of the callbacks methods which is called only once during the lifecycle of a fragment.

A: https://stackoverflow.com/a/66111168/8354145
This answer should help in this case. Use SingleLiveEvent.
Otherwise in these cases, maybe using a shared view model (might be scoped to the nav graph) however you won't need to use savedStateHandle.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package operations

import (
	gott "github.com/timburks/gott/types"
)

// DeleteWord deletes words at the cursor position.
type DeleteWord struct {
	operation
}

func (op *DeleteWord) Perform(e gott.Editor, multiplier int) gott.Operation {
	op.init(e, multiplier)
	deletedText := e.DeleteWordsAtCursor(op.Multiplier)
	e.SetPasteBoard(deletedText, gott.InsertAtCursor)
	inverse := &Insert{
		Position: gott.InsertAtCursor,
		Text:     string(deletedText),
	}
	inverse.copyForUndo(&op.operation)
	return inverse
}


text:
Ghostzapper, född , är ett engelskt fullblod, mest känd för att ha segrat i 2004 års upplaga av Breeders' Cup Classic. Han rankades även etta i "World's Top Ranked Horse" 2004, av World Thoroughbred Racehorse Rankings, samt utsågs till 2004 års United States Horse of the Year.

Karriär
Ghostzapper är en brun hingst efter Awesome Again och under Baby Zip (efter Relaunch). Han föddes upp av Adena Springs Farms och ägdes av Kenneth L. & Sarah K. Ramsey. Han tränades under tävlingskarriären av Robert J. Frankel, och reds oftast av Javier Castellano. Han ansångs som en av sin tids bästa hästar, men på grund av kramper gjorde han endast 11 starter i tävlingskarriären.

Ghostzapper tävlade mellan 2002 och 2005 och sprang under sin tävlingskarriär in  dollar på 11 starter, varav 9 segrar och 1 tredjeplats. Han tog karriärens största seger i Breeders' Cup Classic (2004). Han segrade även i Vosburgh Stakes (2003), Tom Fool Handicap (2004), Philip H. Iselin Breeders' Cup Handicap (2004), Woodward Stakes (2004) och Metropolitan Handicap (2005).

Som avelshingst
Ghostzapper avslutade sin tävlingskarriär den 13 juni 2005, efter att en fraktur på hans vänstra främre sesamben upptäckts. Han stod ursprungligen uppstallad på Adena Springs Farm i Kentucky, där hans avelskarriär fick en måttligt bra start. Då hans första kull nådde tävlingsålder 2009, minskade hans popularitet. 2013 vann 16 av hans avkommor stakeslöp, vilket gjorde att hans popularitet ökade igen I oktober 2020 flyttades Ghostzapper till Hill 'n' Dale Farms i Kentucky.

Referenser

Hästar födda 2000
Amerikanska galopphästar
Hästar som vunnit Breeders' Cup Classic
Hästar uppfödda i Kentucky
American Thoroughbred Horse of the Year
Fullblodsfamilj 23-b


text:
Работа образования капли — работа, необходимая для образования капли, т. е. зародыша стабильной фазы, в исходной метастабильной фазе (пересыщенный пар).

Зародыши стабильной фазы образуются на так называемой стадии нуклеации. Причём система первоначально может содержать не только пересыщенный пар, но и различные примеси — ионы, пыль, капли кислот и т.д. В этом случае капли будут образовываться именно на примесных частицах — гетерогенных центрах и нуклеация будет идти по гетерогенному механизму. Если же система не содержит примесей, то капли образуются на отдельных молекулах исходной фазы, такая нуклеация называется гомогенной.

Знание работы образования капли как функции числа зародышей стабильной фазы позволяет вычислить все термодинамические характеристики важные для кинетики нуклеации.

Общий случай
Рассматриваем парогазовую среду, содержащую пассивный газ и пар. Пассивный газ не участвует в конденсации, он необходим для пренебрежения эффектами теплоты от фазовых переходов (играет роль термостата). Обозначим объём всей системы , давление системы  и  — температура системы на стадии нуклеации.

В результате флуктуации в системе образуется капля, т. е. система переходит из одного состояния в другое, следовательно, совершается некоторая работа, которая в случае обратимого процесса будет минимальной. Обозначим её , хотим найти её как функцию от числа молекул капли . Минимальная работа определяется как разность между свободной энергией начального  состояния (до образования зародыша) и свободной энергией конечного состояния  (после образования зародыша):
.
Для нахождения  выделим подсистему из  молекул. В исходном состоянии (пар) объём, занимаемый этой системой определяется как , где  — плотность числа молекул пара. Объём, занимаемый системой в конечном состоянии (капля), обозначим за , а давление внутри зародыша за .
Так как свободная энергия является аддитивной величиной, разобьём её на два вклада - свободная энергия подсистемы из  молекул  и свободная энергия остальной части системы. Из дифференциала свободной энергии, при учёте изотермичности процесса и постоянстве полного числа частиц в системе, получим выражения для  и :
.
Второе слагаемое в  связано с работой по расширению охватывающего подсистему пара, работой по сжатию пассивного газа (его удалению из объёма, занимаемого зародышем) пренебрегаем.
Свободную энергию подсистемы можно выразить через потенциал Гиббса:
.
Здесь  — работа по образованию поверхности капли ( — поверхностное натяжение зародыша,  — площадь поверхности зародыша).
Из дифференциала потенциала Гиббса можно получить, что , проводя операцию интегрирования , получим
.
Учитывая  и , получим для разницы между свободной энергией подсистемы в начальном состоянии  и свободной энергии подсистемы в конечном состоянии :
.
Потенциал Гиббса можно определить через химический потенциал:
 .
За  обозначен химический потенциал конденсата при плоской границе раздела фаз (капля бесконечного радиуса), а за  — химический потенциал пара. Собирая , ,  и , получим следующее выражение для минимальной работы образования капли:
.

Удобно работать в терминах безразмерной работы образования капли , здесь  - постоянная Больцмана. Введем  — химический потенциал пара, выраженный в единицах  и отсчитанный от значения, соответствующего равновесию сконденсированной жидкости при плоской границе раздела жидкости и пара.
Тогда получим для минимальной безразмерной работы образования капли:
.
Второе слагаемое зависит от  через , т. е. получили работу образования как функцию от : .
В  в соответствии с  два слагаемых:
 Первое слагаемое — объёмный вклад. Система хочет перейти в состояние с более низким химическим потенциалом, поэтому вклад отрицательный.
 Второе слагаемое — поверхностный вклад (работа по образованию поверхности зародыша).
При малых размерах капли доминирует второе слагаемое, при больших — первое.

Важность
Согласно распределению Больцмана, вероятность образования зародыша из  молекул определяется  с некоторым нормировочным множителем, этой же экспонентой, но с другим нормировочным множителем, определяется и равновесное распределение зародышей в пространстве размеров.

Примеры

Простейший случай
В системе присутствуют пассивный газ и пересыщенный пар (его пересыщение ). Рассмотрим гомогенную нуклеацию, когда зародыш образуется на отдельных молекулах исходной фазы. В результате флуктуаций в системе начинают образовываться капельки жидкости. Для простоты считаем каплю растущей сферически симметрично. Тогда, обозначая за  радиус капли и за  объём, приходящийся на одну молекулу жидкости, можно записать:

Площадь поверхности капли с учётом :
 .
Подставляя  в , получим для работы образования :
.
Здесь  - безразмерное поверхностное натяжение зародыша.

Критический размер
Проанализируем , чтоб установить какие зародыши имеют склонность к росту.
Введём обозначение
,
физический смысл  - химический потенциал молекул конденсата, выраженный в единицах  и отсчитанный от значения, соответствующего равновесию сконденсированной жидкости при плоской границе раздела жидкости и пара. В соответствии с этим обозначением и выражением :

.

Так как вторая производная меньше нуля, функция имеет максимум в некоторой точке . Зародыш, содержащий , называется зародышем критического размера или критическим зародышем.
Для химических потенциалов в случае критического зародыша имеем  — это состояние равновесия. Предположим, что в результате флуктуации прилетело больше молекул, тогда  уменьшилось, то есть молекулам стало выгодно прилетать. Следовательно, при  капли имеют тенденцию испаряться, а при  устойчиво растут. В этом смысле работа образования — это энергия активации (активационный барьер).

Частный случай гетерогенной нуклеации
Рассмотрим каплю, которая образовалась в парогазовой среде на одном из присутствующих в системе смачиваемых ядрах конденсации. Считаем каплю растущей сферически симметрично. Пусть ядрами конденсации являются микроскопические гетерогенные центры, т. е. .

Введём величину  равенством:
,
где  - объём, приходящийся на одну молекулу жидкости конденсируемой каплей из пара.
Здесь  то число молекул жидкости, которое содержалось бы в капле, если бы она не содержала ядра конденсации. С учётом ,
 — практически совпадает с числом молекул конденсата (как и в гомогенном случае).

На графике 1 точка  соответствует равенству нулю числа молекул, сконденсированных каплей, в этой точке . Здесь учтено, что ядро конденсации первоначально присутствует в системе и, следовательно, на его образование не требуется никакой работы. Тогда, определив  через , вывод формулы  будет справедлив и случае гетерогенной нуклеации на микроскопических ядрах конденсации.
Но первое слагаемое в  зависит от пересыщения через химический потенциал , т. е. работа образования является функцией от двух величин — пересыщения и числа молекул в капле: .

Введём пороговое пересыщение , его существование характерно для гетерогенной нуклеации.
Обозначения на графике 1:
 — равновесный зародыш (находится в устойчивом химическом равновесии с паром), минимум работы образования ,
 — критический зародыш (находится в состоянии неустойчивого химического равновесия с паром), максимум работы образования ,
 — точка перегиба (её положение не зависит от пересыщения ).

Область метастабильности
Рассмотрим подробнее метастабильную область. Здесь, согласно графику, у  в дополнение к минимуму появляется максимум.
Обозначим за  разницу высот потенциального барьера и потенциальной ямы работы образования:

- это работа, необходимая для флуктуационного перехода активационного барьера, т. е. энергия активации.

Энергия активации  уменьшается с ростом пересыщения  и при достижении пересыщением порогового значения  минимум и максимум работы образования сливаются, тогда в соответствии с  . И, следовательно, в области  нуклеация будет протекать уже безбарьерно. Можно заметить, что в гомогенном случае , тогда из  следует , т. е. гомогенная нуклеация никогда не идёт безбарьерно.
Из  согласно смыслу равновесного и критического зародышей получаем:
.
Так как конденсат плотный по сравнению с паром, то химический потенциал , определяемый , почти не зависит от пересыщения , поэтому является более удобной характеристикой для описания гетерогенной нуклеации. Энергия активации  с учётом  выражается через  следующим образом:
.

Литература
 Куни Ф. М., Щекин А. К., Гринин А. П. Теория гетерогенной нуклеации в условиях постепенного создания метастабильного состояния пара // Успехи физических наук. — 2001. — Т. 171. — № 4.
 Гринин А. П. Кинетика гомогенной нуклеации (докторская диссертация)

Фазовые переходы


The intersection of U.S. 56, U.S. 77, and K-150 highways near Marion is the most dangerous intersection in Kansas as determined by crash frequency and crash severity, according to a study of accidents from 2007 through 2009.
Kansas Department of Transportation conducted the study to meet Federal Highway Safety Administration requirements.
During the time covered by the study, 2,635 intersections had fatality or permanently disabling injury accidents, State Highway Safety Engineer Steven Buckley said Tuesday. The department examined the top 5 percent of those intersections, ranking them according to crash severity, crash frequency, and a complicated formula the department uses to rank road projects. The intersection east of Marion ranked first, first, and second on those criteria, respectively.
"It scored very high, at the top of our list," Buckley said.
The intersection has been on KDOT's radar for a while, and he anticipates a decision on what to do in a matter of months. Buckley was cautious about saying too much, because he won't be the decision-maker, but he knows a roundabout is one possibility under consideration.
Construction of a roundabout would take considerable time, he said.
Gene Winkler has seen quite a few accidents at the intersection in his time as a volunteer emergency medical technician, and he began circulating a petition urging construction of a roundabout after an accident Nov. 16 killed 23-year-old Sai Ramanadham of Warrensburg, Mo.
Winkler was happy to hear KDOT was seriously considering building a roundabout at the highway junction.


text:
The Solomon Scandals
The D.C. newspaper novel, the media,the Washington area, tech and other surrealism: David Rothman at large
De-Trumping America: A few lessons from my ride with Muhammad
Categories: Media, Politicians, Washington area life
The Uber driver—let's call him Muhammad—was from Afghanistan.
"So," I asked, "how do you feel about Donald Trump?"
I wasn't going to take anything for granted.
The Aryan in the White House might not like Muhammad's skin color and his probable Muslim faith. But earlier I'd run across a religious African immigrant who cherished Trump for—gasp—the President's professions of piety.
"I love him," Muhammad said of Trump without the least irony. "He plays by the rules. He's President, he's strong and he puts America first."
"Do you know about Trump's days in New York?" I asked. "He stiffed a lot of working people. Craftsmen, carpenters, painters, others. He just didn't pay them." So allege countless lawsuits, at least. In fact, as shown by the filing of at least sixty suits as of two years ago, the problem has gone far beyond New York. Trump at times has even refused to pay his lawyers. See USA Today.
"No," Muhammad said.
"Where do get your news?" I asked
"Fox," he said.
"Where else?"
"Nowhere."
"You don't read the newspapers?"
Muhammad said he didn't.
I gently suggested that Muhammad read the Washington Post and at least consider tuning in MSNBC. CNN-watching might also help.
Now—here's the kicker. Muhammad is no dummy. He says he's an IT student at a Maryland university. And guess what he did for U.S. forces in Afghanistan? He analyzed news stories in the local media.
"You don't have to believe the Post and MSNBC automatically," I said. "Just try comparing different news sources against the others and seeing who's right. Pretend you're back in Afghanistan analyzing stories there."
Likewise frustrating is that Muhammad isn't isolated in a rural hamlet. He lives in a Maryland suburb.
As if that isn't enough, Trump's record on immigration from Afghanistan is hardly sterling, even in regard to locals like Muhammad who helped the U.S.
Perhaps Muhammad thought I was a well-connected Trumpist or at least one with ICE friends. But that explanation seems rather far-fetched.
So what can Democrats and others learn from my ride with Muhammad?
1. Yes, nonHispanic whites will be a minority in America by mid-century, but one should never take demographics for granted. Muhammad's political views certainly didn't fit the stereotypes.
Democrats shouldn't just make nice noises about diversity. Campaigning, they should try harder in immigrant communities while remembering that although ethnic identity is important, it is far from the only show—whether the immigrants are Afghans or otherwise.
Running for re-election in Texas, Republican Sen. Ted Cruz carried more Hispanic voters than expected, and likely not just because Cruz's father came from Cuba. Many Hispanics are socially conservative and may hate abortion enough for such sentiments to count even more than immigration matters do.
The Democrats shouldn't sell out on issues like abortion just to appeal to immigrants and others, but again and again, they can emphasize how anti-family are Trump and the Republicans—on matters ranging from healthcare to childhood nutrition, maternal leave and minimum wages and tax policies.
Even more important, they can come up with better alternatives. This approach worked well in the last election in regard to healthcare. It needs to be expanded.
2. Encourage immigrants and others to watch, listen to and read major media outlets without Fox-style ideological agendas—and otherwise gain a better understanding of the issues.
Civics education in K-12 is a praiseworthy cause but can go only so far. Muhammad is already a voting-age U.S. citizen.
Meaningful U.S. history courses should be required of IT and other technical students like Muhammad, even in college. Let's think of tech types as citizens, too, not just future workers. Just like liberal arts majors, many will vote.
3. Regardless of advice to the contrary, Democrats can zero in on Donald Trump's flaws as an individual—in germane ways. Notice how Muhammad thought Trump played by the rules? Muhammad didn't even know Trump had stiffed carpenters and painters. You won't hear news like that on right-wing outlets as often as elsewhere. Generalities will go only so far, but specifics could help—including facts about Trump's use of immigrants without proper papers on his private properties.
Note: I've changed minor details here and there to protect Muhammad's identity.
Image credit: Donald Trump cartoon from Pixabay. Creative Commons licensed.
Tags:bigots, civics education, CNN, Democrats, Donald Trump, Fox News, immigration debate, Republicans, Trump cartoons, Trump's flaws, USA Today, Washington Post
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