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Typologically tch yat is an agglutinating polysynthetic head-marking language which is atypical of other languages in the present area and also for children with diverse written languages however sound groups and time resulted from various other indigenous indian languages: thai persian russian and chehalis for non-verb-final languages such as irish the vowel voice conclusions were extensively published or was translated to other languages and more plausible . Afterwards jones was to test the jews of java and as a child matthias learnt many languages and cultures by support of haileybury and developed up in the other languages . 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Seeking full natural language is home to cichewa chinsenga and other languages with some structures or even castes professions variables and cultural norms . It plans for 26 languages more . Most languages have an independent tone . Languages that have been expressed in the inflectional languages . Therefore the number of languages that are common in the western language . It is the largest second branch but all have some loanwords from central italic languages primarily in polish estonian and english . Some of these languages at this time no position made any language-specific interpretation . In many languages has separate elements borrowed with their common languages in addition to traditional accents and linguistics . It has since been captioned in 5 official languages english and portuguese though primarily in use and morphology . The variety of languages are referred to by the future and social peoples and speaking their native languages . The official languages are finnish and the other similar names in various languages would facilitate the fact that the minority language had two mixed languages but its ancestral languages were mayan and unintelligible . Code-switching was thoroughly placed in the collection of papers in both immigration a good classification of the ancient greek language was greek with english and it is much more difficult when compared to samoan and the indo-aryan languages . there are several indigenous languages are spoken in trashiyangtse . Over time as under the sound and the state within a new language the olmec and not as a recognized language of the majority language arrived as he brought his academic and light things . The view to avoid the ability to express first schools the most prominent rte frequent in the new testament more historically major modern indian and persian are the two languages that have a low morpheme-per-word loss is limited for that of the child or as a socially imperial ethnic group only in the international phonetic alphabet and bislama of vanuatu . All local languages are active learners of northern tanzania . The kalenjin languages are a branch of the bantu languages . Some languages preserve themselves especially in western and southern peoples but there are a number of grammatical features as a glottal stop in the alphabets of dravidian languages and their neighboring dialects for example and is often the case in which he can speak and been translated into several languages . He spoke a dozen languages and she was the work of the english and french languages but also the munda languages of southern new guinea are attested in areas where tone is notable for some of the tone words or borrowings from other languages . At the time they were then assimilated vocabulary into other languages and their mountain stations have seen the names of the grammars of the names for ben-yehuda and the parliament of endangered languages in the world . Over 150 countries have been printed and the best family of languages have been acquired as a present criterion for discriminating dialects it was difficult to determine the tonal languages . The system in which she came to test the learning and all the romance languages by the latin alphabet and vice versa . Petterson s english did not generally be made for generations of human state or languages that can be placed until the linguistic diversity of dravidian script due to the use of the greater differences between the two modern dialects and western european languages . Minor languages are dialects of at least four vowel consonants are noted for the processes of syntax so that the reconstructed varieties of a widely used the process of inflection can change in either language schools when relatively few vowels . These languages can be characterized by an ergative nominative form there are areal ways that allow pronoun and other natural sign languages as some details of verbs are rare in each other . However some languages are equivalent to the different attempts among the world s languages . In some languages keywords is articulated grammatically from the case there are orthographies for additional languages see the following idea of which would be shared with the historical finnish language or in indic by called callaghan . Other linguists have maintained the case for the subjects of the tower of babel . The literal belief that the ugric and slavic languages is not uncommon within nouns and adjectives in neighboring languages such as english there are others however perhaps occur when more often spoken by an area assigned to the efforts of the project . The project has completed comprehensive grammars of the following languages:the project has completed numerous awards and has been translated into 60 languages .
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text:
\section{Introduction}

The discovery of the iron-based superconductor\cite{Kamihara},
which is a five-orbital system with three bands involved in the gap function\cite{KurokiPRL}., is stimulating renewed interests in multi-orbital superconductivity.
Specifically, a sign-reversing s-wave pairing (s$\pm$), which exploits the multi-orbital nature of the system, has been theoretically proposed as a candidate\cite{Mazin,KurokiPRL}.
While various experimental measurements for
determining the pairing symmetry in the iron-based superconductors
are accumulating, which include
the penetration depth, thermal conductivity,
ARPES, STM, and NMR,
one important test is the impurity effect on superconducting transition temperature $T_{c}$.   This has in fact been studied intensively both experimentally and theoretically \cite{Li,Guo,Sato,Onari}.
There are two trends found in the experiments on the non-magnetic impurity effect on $T_{c}$ for LaFe$_{1-x}$Zn$_{x}$AsO.
The experiment by Li {\it et al.} suggests that
the doping of Zn in LaFeAsO$_{1-y}$F$_{y}$ does not reduce $T_{c}$\cite{Li}.
The result by Guo {\it et al.} suggests that $T_{c}$ decreases significantly
for a minimal level of Zn doping in LaFeAsO$_{0.85}$\cite{Guo}.
A theoretical work by Onari and Kontani suggests that a fully gapped sign-reversing $s$-wave state is
very fragile against non-magnetic impurities\cite{Onari}.
On the other hand, the compound containing phosphorus, LaFePO, whose gap function has line-nodes, is robust against non-magnetic \\impurities\cite{Tajima}.
With this background, here
we theoretically study the problem from a broader context, i.e., we want to identify which factors are crucial in determining $T_{c}$ in dirty, multi-orbital superconductors, especially for the sign-reversing s-wave.

\section{Formulation}

The self-energy in the $T$-matrix approximation in the orbital-representation is expressed as
$\check{\Sigma}^{\rm orbital} = n_{\rm imp} \check{T}$, where
$n_{\rm imp}$ is the density of impurities, and
$\check{T}  = (\check{1} - \check{V} \check{G}_{\rm loc} )^{-1} \check{V}$.
Here $\check{V} = \hat{V} \check{\sigma}_{z}$, and
the local Green's function $\check{G}_{\rm loc}$ is defined as $\check{G}_{\rm loc} =\frac{1}{N} \sum_{\bm q} \check{G}^{\rm orbital}({\bm q})$ with
\begin{align}
\check{G}^{\rm orbital}({\bm q},i \omega_{n})  &\equiv
\left(\begin{array}{cc}
\hat{G}^{\rm orbital}({\bm q}, i \omega_{n}) & -\hat{F}^{\rm orbital}({\bm q}, i \omega_{n}) \\
-\hat{F}^{\rm orbital\dagger}({\bm q}, i \omega_{n}) & - \hat{G}^{\rm orbital}({\bm q},- i \omega_{n})
\end{array}\right).
\end{align}
Throughout the paper, $\hat{a}$ denotes an $n \times n$ matrix in the orbital space while $\check{a}$ a $2n \times 2n$ matrix composed of the $2 \times 2$ Nambu space and the $n \times  n$ orbital space.
With use of the unitary matrix $\check{P}_{{\bm k}}$ that diagonalizes the Hamiltonian in the orbital basis, the self-energy in the band representation is
expressed as
$\check{\Sigma}_{\bm k}^{\rm band}  = n_{\rm imp} [\check{1} - \check{V}^{\rm band}({\bm k}) \check{G}_{\rm loc}^{\rm band}({\bm k})]^{-1} \check{V}^{\rm band}({\bm k})$ with $\check{V}^{\rm band}({\bm k}) \equiv \check{P}_{\bm k}^{\dagger} \check{V} \check{P}_{\bm k}$.
Considering the orbital-indepent impurity potential $\check{V} = V_{0} \check{\sigma}_{z}$ introduced in Ref. \cite{Onari},  the self-energy is expressed as
$\check{\Sigma}_{\bm k}^{\rm band} = n_{\rm imp} [\check{1} - V_{0} \check{\sigma}_{z}  \check{G}_{\rm loc}^{\rm band}({\bm k})]^{-1} V_{0} \check{\sigma}_{z}$.
We then obtain the diagonal elements of the normal part of the self-energy
as
\begin{align}
(\hat{\Sigma}_{\bm k}^{ { \rm band, N}})_{ii} = V_{0} + V_{0}^{2} (\hat{G}_{\rm loc}^{{\rm band}})_{ii}({\bm k}) + \cdots, \label{eq:sigma}
\end{align}
with
\begin{align}
(\hat{G}_{\rm loc}^{\rm band})_{ii}({\bm k}) &= \frac{1}{N} \sum_{{\bm q}} \sum_{l} |C_{li}({\bm q},{\bm k})|^{2} G_{ll}^{\rm band}({\bm q}). \label{eq:gloc}
\end{align}
Here we have introduced a unitary matrix $\hat{C}({\bm q},{\bm k})$ whose element $C_{ij}({\bm q},{\bm k})$ can be written as
\begin{align}
C_{ij}({\bm q},{\bm k}) = \vec{p}_{{\bm q} i}^{\dagger} \vec{p}_{{\bm k} j}, \label{eq:c}
\end{align}
where $\vec{p}_{{\bm k} j}$ denotes the $j$-th eigenvector of the Hamiltonian with momentum ${\bm k}$ in the normal state, while ${\bm k}$ and ${\bm q}$ denote,
respectively, the initial- and final-state quasiparticle momenta in impurity scatterings.
Equations ~(\ref{eq:sigma}) and (\ref{eq:gloc}) imply that
the $l$-th band hybridization affects the $i$-th band self-energy $(\hat{\Sigma}^{\rm band, N}_{\bm k})_{ii}$ through
$|C_{li}({\bm q},{\bm k})|^{2} G_{ll}^{\rm band}({\bm q})$.
Hence the factor $|C_{li}({\bm q},{\bm k})|^{2}$ characterizes the multi-orbital effect for the impurity scattering.
From Eq.~(\ref{eq:c}) we find that the more the eigenvectors with initial-state momentum ${\bm k}$ and final-state momentum ${\bm q}$ resemble
with each other, the stronger the inter-band impurity effect on $T_{c}$ becomes.

Thus a speciality of a multi-band system
is that, on top of the band dispersion and Fermi surface, the
character of eigenvectors acts as an important factor determining the
way in which the impurity effect appears.
We can thus call the factor $|C_{li}({\bm q},{\bm k})|^{2}$ the {\it impurity scattering intensity}.
We can use this property to construct a model that is robust
against the impurity effect.
For instance, the impurity effect does not appear on $T_{c}$ in a two-orbital model described by $H^{ii}_{\bm k} = - [\cos(k_{x}) + \cos(k_{y})],
H^{ij}_{\bm k} = t'$, since
the impurity scattering intensity in this case reduces to
$|C_{li}({\bm q},{\bm k})|^{2} = \delta_{li}$ everywhere in momentum space.

\section{Visualized hybridization effect on the impurity scattering}
The general scheme above enables us to
visualize the hybridization effect on the impurity scattering.
In doing so, we can concentrate on
the Fermi momentum, since the Green function has amplitudes
localized around the Fermi energy in Eq.~(\ref{eq:gloc}).
Then $|C_{li}({\bm q},{\bm k})|^{2}$ can be parameterized
as $|C_{li}(\theta_{l}, \theta_{i})|^{2}$, where
$\theta_{l(i)}$ describes the position of the final- (initial-) state on the $l$-th ($i$-th) Fermi surface.
Let us visualize the hybridization effect in the effective five-band model proposed by  Kuroki {\it et al.} for LaFeAsO \cite{KurokiPRL}.
In this model with the Fermi energy $E_{\rm F} = 10.94$eV, there are two hole Fermi pockets around $(k_{x}, k_{y}) = (0,0)$, and
two electron pockets around $(0, \pi)$ and $(\pi,0)$ as displayed in Fig.~1

First, we visualize the {\it inter-band} impurity scattering intensity of the quasiparticles between the hole and electron Fermi surfaces.
Here, we introduce the band-index $i$ whose energy $\epsilon_{i}$ satisfies the relation $\epsilon_{i} > \epsilon_{j}$ $(i > j)$.
The hole Fermi surfaces on the $2$nd and $3$rd bands are mainly constructed from $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ orbitals.
The dominant component of the eigenvectors at the electron Fermi surface on the $4$th band depends on the Fermi wave-number.
In Fig.~
, we show the dominant components in the orbital basis on each Fermi surface.
In the case of the impurity scattering between $2$nd and $4$th bands,
the intensity strongly depends on both of the initial-state $\theta_{2}$ and the final-state $\theta_{4}$ as shown in
Fig.~2(a).
For example, the intensity at $(\theta_{2},\theta_{4}) = (3 \pi/2,\pi/2)$ is almost zero, so that the inter-band impurity scatterings
between $\theta_{2} = 3 \pi/2$ and $\theta_{4} = \pi/2$ do not affect the superconducting transition temperature $T_{c}$ even if
these are sing-reversing scatterings.
The intensity at  $(\theta_{2},\theta_{4}) = (\pi/2,\pi)$ as shown in Figs.~2
(a) and

 has a maximum value
$|C_{24}(\theta_{2}, \theta_{4})|^{2} \simeq 0.6$.
By contrast, the impurity scattering between $3$rd and $4$th bands does not affect $T_{c}$ regardless of the initial and final momenta,
since the intensity is small everywhere as shown in Fig.~2(b)

Second, we turn to the {\it intra-band} impurity scattering intensity $|C_{22}(\theta_{2},\theta_{2}')|^{2}$ and $|C_{33}(\theta_{3},\theta_{3}')|^{2}$.
As shown in Fig.
~4
, the intensities on a same band are bigger than that between different bands on the whole.
On the line satisfying the relation $\theta_{i} = \theta_{i}'$, the intensity $|C_{ii}(\theta_{i},\theta_{i} )|^{2}$ become
$|C_{ii}(\theta_{i},\theta_{i} )|^{2} = 1$, since the eigenvectors are same.
The intensities $|C_{ii}(\theta_{i},\theta_{i} + \pi)|^{2}$ differ from $|C_{ii}(\theta_{i},\theta_{i})|^{2} = 1$.
This originates from an absence of the inversion symmetry in the eigenvector $\vec{p}_{{\bm k} j}$.   Although this may first seem strange,
the Hamiltonian for momentum ${\bm k}$ in the orbital-basis is not equal to that
for momentum $-{\bm k}$, since
the positional relation between the iron atoms and the arsenic atoms
differs between the directions for ${\bm k}$ and $-{\bm k}$.

From these figures~
 and 4
we find that the impurity scattering intensities $|C_{li}(\theta_{l},\theta_{i})|^{2}$ in this effective five-band model
are small on the whole.
Focusing  the fact that the intensities in single band models are always $|C_{11}(\theta_{1},\theta_{1})|^{2} = 1$,
these figures suggest that the impurity effect on $T_{c}$ in the effective five-band model is relatively weaker than that in single-band models.

Finally, we show the impurity intensity dependence of $T_{c}$ in Fig.~
 with use of the self-consistent $T$-matrix approximation in the sign-reversing $s$-wave superconductor
for an impurity density $n_{\rm imp} = 0.01$.
The result, which is essentially the same as the result in Ref.~\cite{Onari},
indicates that an attractive impurity potential does not significantly
reduce $T_{c}$.
This behavior originates, in the present view, from the multi-orbital hybridization effect characterized by $|C_{li}(\theta_{l},\theta_{i})|^{2}$.

\section{Conclusion}

We have studied the impurity effects on $T_{c}$ with use of the $T$-matrix approximation.
We found that the hybridization function $|C_{li}(q,k)|^{2}$ (Eq.~(\ref{eq:c})) characterizes the multi-orbital effect for the impurity scatterings.
The more the eigenvectors at initial-state and final-state momenta are similar to each other,
the stronger the inter-band impurity effect on $T_{c}$ becomes.
We thus proposed a way to visualize the multi-orbital effect.
The figures visualizing the multi-orbital effect suggest that the impurity effect on $T_{c}$ in the effective five-band model is relatively weaker than that in single-band models.
The above results do not depend on the superconducting pairing symmetry, since
$|C_{li}({\bm q},{\bm k})|^{2}$ is defined only by the eigenvectors in normal states.
The message of this result is that there can be impurity-robust sign-reversing $s$-wave pairing symmetry in the iron-based superconductors.
Conversely, an impurity-robust superconductivity does not necessarily
imply sign-preserving pairing.
In addition, with use of the present visualization, one might find the paring symmetry with line-nodes where the impurity effects do not appear on $T_{c}$ in such materials as LaFePO.

\section*{References}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Reporting Africa Since 1960 18 January 2022
Vol 58 No 20
Published 6th October 2017
New man takes it slow
Lourenço's first appointments leave a country hungry for change doubting that any reform is imminent
Invitations to the VIP area at João Lourenço's inauguration in Luanda on 26 September were hard to come by, even for the ruling-party elite, such was the anticipation around the event. But it failed to live up to its billing. Lourenço made a 45-minute speech to try and underline the importance of the occasion. (That's long, but even if it had only lasted five minutes it would have marked him out as a ten times better orator than predecessor and mentor, José Eduardo dos Santos, whose speeches often embarrassed his keenest supporters.)
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"Since the demise of reporting on Africa in Western newspapers, and especially in the UK, in recent years, Africa Confidential has become ever more indispensable to anyone trying to make sense of the continent.
It provides the context one needs to understand vast changes Sudan has undergone since the signing of the peace agreement in 2005 and the explosion of conflict in Darfur.
The scope of its coverage of everything from the latest mining deals and rebel uprisings in the Democratic Republic of Congo to the political crisis in Kenya since the 2007 election is simply unparalleled."
Karl Maier, Africa & Middle East Editor, Bloomberg News
"We regard Africa Confidential as one of our best and most reliable sources of information and analysis." Intelligence Assessment Service, Privy Council Office, Government of Canada
"You are the best reporter on Africa alive. I look forward to your Intel."
Robert Stewart, CEO, Hawk Uranium Inc., USA
"In short: it is excellent! Very informative and interesting. Also well organised and easy to browse through and access to the different articles."
Lt. Col. Daniel Martella, Military Planning Service, Department of Peacekeeping Operations, United Nations
Stories by country
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Copyright © Africa Confidential 2022

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
import logging
from ezdxf.audit import AuditError
from ezdxf.lldxf import validator
from ezdxf.lldxf.attributes import (
    DXFAttr,
    DXFAttributes,
    DefSubclass,
    RETURN_DEFAULT,
    group_code_mapping,
)
from ezdxf.lldxf.const import (
    DXF12,
    SUBCLASS_MARKER,
    DXF2007,
    DXFInternalEzdxfError,
)
from ezdxf.entities.dxfentity import base_class, SubclassProcessor, DXFEntity
from ezdxf.entities.layer import acdb_symbol_table_record
from .factory import register_entity

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from ezdxf.audit import Auditor
    from ezdxf.entities import DXFGraphic, Block, EndBlk
    from ezdxf.entities import DXFNamespace
    from ezdxf.entitydb import EntitySpace
    from ezdxf.layouts import BlockLayout
    from ezdxf.lldxf.tagwriter import AbstractTagWriter

__all__ = ["BlockRecord"]
logger = logging.getLogger("ezdxf")

acdb_blockrec = DefSubclass(
    "AcDbBlockTableRecord",
    {
        "name": DXFAttr(2, validator=validator.is_valid_block_name),
        # handle to associated DXF LAYOUT object
        "layout": DXFAttr(340, default="0"),
        # 0 = can not explode; 1 = can explode
        "explode": DXFAttr(
            280,
            default=1,
            dxfversion=DXF2007,
            validator=validator.is_integer_bool,
            fixer=RETURN_DEFAULT,
        ),
        # 0 = scale non uniformly; 1 = scale uniformly
        "scale": DXFAttr(
            281,
            default=0,
            dxfversion=DXF2007,
            validator=validator.is_integer_bool,
            fixer=RETURN_DEFAULT,
        ),
        # see ezdxf/units.py
        "units": DXFAttr(
            70,
            default=0,
            dxfversion=DXF2007,
            validator=validator.is_in_integer_range(0, 25),
            fixer=RETURN_DEFAULT,
        ),
        # 310: Binary data for bitmap preview (optional) - removed (ignored) by ezdxf
    },
)
acdb_blockrec_group_codes = group_code_mapping(acdb_blockrec)

# optional XDATA for all DXF versions
# 1000: "ACAD"
# 1001: "DesignCenter Data" (optional)
# 1002: "{"
# 1070: Autodesk Design Center version number
# 1070: Insert units: like 'units'
# 1002: "}"

@register_entity
class BlockRecord(DXFEntity):
    """DXF BLOCK_RECORD table entity

    BLOCK_RECORD is the hard owner of all entities in BLOCK definitions, this
    means owner tag of entities is handle of BLOCK_RECORD.

    """

    DXFTYPE = "BLOCK_RECORD"
    DXFATTRIBS = DXFAttributes(
        base_class, acdb_symbol_table_record, acdb_blockrec
    )

    def __init__(self) -> None:
        from ezdxf.entitydb import EntitySpace

        super().__init__()
        # Store entities in the block_record instead of BlockLayout and Layout,
        # because BLOCK_RECORD is also the hard owner of all the entities.
        self.entity_space = EntitySpace()
        self.block: Optional[Block] = None
        self.endblk: Optional[EndBlk] = None
        # stores also the block layout structure
        self.block_layout: Optional[BlockLayout] = None

    def set_block(self, block: Block, endblk: EndBlk):
        self.block = block
        self.endblk = endblk
        self.block.dxf.owner = self.dxf.handle
        self.endblk.dxf.owner = self.dxf.handle

    def set_entity_space(self, entity_space: EntitySpace) -> None:
        self.entity_space = entity_space

    def rename(self, name: str) -> None:
        assert self.block is not None
        self.dxf.name = name
        self.block.dxf.name = name

    def load_dxf_attribs(
        self, processor: Optional[SubclassProcessor] = None
    ) -> DXFNamespace:
        dxf = super().load_dxf_attribs(processor)
        if processor:
            processor.simple_dxfattribs_loader(dxf, acdb_blockrec_group_codes)  # type: ignore
        return dxf

    def export_entity(self, tagwriter: AbstractTagWriter) -> None:
        super().export_entity(tagwriter)
        if tagwriter.dxfversion == DXF12:
            raise DXFInternalEzdxfError("Exporting BLOCK_RECORDS for DXF R12.")
        tagwriter.write_tag2(SUBCLASS_MARKER, acdb_symbol_table_record.name)
        tagwriter.write_tag2(SUBCLASS_MARKER, acdb_blockrec.name)

        self.dxf.export_dxf_attribs(
            tagwriter,
            [
                "name",
                "layout",
                "units",
                "explode",
                "scale",
            ],
        )

    def export_block_definition(self, tagwriter: AbstractTagWriter) -> None:
        """Exports BLOCK, then all DXF entities and at last the ENDBLK entity,
        except for *Model_space and *Paper_Pacer, their entities are stored
        in the entities section.

        """
        assert self.block is not None
        assert self.endblk is not None
        if self.block_layout is not None:
            self.block_layout.update_block_flags()
        self.block.export_dxf(tagwriter)
        if not (self.is_modelspace or self.is_active_paperspace):
            self.entity_space.export_dxf(tagwriter)
        self.endblk.export_dxf(tagwriter)

    def destroy(self):
        """Destroy associated data:

            - BLOCK
            - ENDBLK
            - all entities stored in this block definition

        Does not destroy the linked LAYOUT entity, this is the domain of the
        :class:`Layouts` object, which also should initiate the destruction of
        'this' BLOCK_RECORD.

        """
        if not self.is_alive:
            return

        self.block.destroy()
        self.endblk.destroy()
        for entity in self.entity_space:
            entity.destroy()

        # remove attributes to find invalid access after death
        del self.block
        del self.endblk
        del self.block_layout
        super().destroy()

    @property
    def is_active_paperspace(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` if is "active" paperspace layout."""
        return self.dxf.name.lower() == "*paper_space"

    @property
    def is_any_paperspace(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` if is any kind of paperspace layout."""
        return self.dxf.name.lower().startswith("*paper_space")

    @property
    def is_modelspace(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` if is the modelspace layout."""
        return self.dxf.name.lower() == "*model_space"

    @property
    def is_any_layout(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` if is any kind of modelspace or paperspace layout."""
        return self.is_modelspace or self.is_any_paperspace

    @property
    def is_block_layout(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` if not any kind of modelspace or paperspace layout, just a
        regular block definition.
        """
        return not self.is_any_layout

    @property
    def is_xref(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` if represents an XREF (external reference) or XREF_OVERLAY."""
        if self.block is not None:
            return bool(self.block.dxf.flags & 12)
        return False

    def add_entity(self, entity: DXFGraphic) -> None:
        """Add an existing DXF entity to BLOCK_RECORD.

        Args:
            entity: :class:`DXFGraphic`

        """
        # assign layout
        try:
            entity.set_owner(
                self.dxf.handle, paperspace=int(self.is_any_paperspace)
            )
        except AttributeError:
            logger.debug(
                f"Unexpected DXF entity {str(entity)} in {str(self.block)}"
            )
        # Add unexpected entities also to the entity space - auditor should fix
        # errors!
        self.entity_space.add(entity)

    def unlink_entity(self, entity: DXFGraphic) -> None:
        """Unlink `entity` from BLOCK_RECORD.

        Removes `entity` just from  entity space but not from the drawing
        database.

        Args:
            entity: :class:`DXFGraphic`

        """
        if entity.is_alive:
            self.entity_space.remove(entity)
            try:
                entity.set_owner(None)
            except AttributeError:
                pass  # unsupported entities as DXFTagStorage

    def delete_entity(self, entity: DXFGraphic) -> None:
        """Delete `entity` from BLOCK_RECORD entity space and drawing database.

        Args:
            entity: :class:`DXFGraphic`

        """
        self.unlink_entity(entity)  # 1. unlink from entity space
        entity.destroy()

    def audit(self, auditor: Auditor) -> None:
        """Validity check. (internal API)"""
        if not self.is_alive:
            return
        super().audit(auditor)
        entitydb = auditor.entitydb
        rec_name = self.dxf.name
        trash = []
        for entity in self.entity_space:
            if entity.is_alive:
                check = entitydb.get(entity.dxf.handle)
                if check is not entity:
                    # Different entity stored in the database for this handle,
                    # scenario #604:
                    # - document has entities without handles (invalid for DXF R13+)
                    # - $HANDSEED is not the next usable handle (dubious, causes error #1)
                    # - entity gets an already used handle (loading error #1)
                    # - entity overwrites existing entity or will be
                    #   overwritten by an entity loaded afterwards (loading error #2)
                    trash.append(entity)
                    auditor.fixed_error(
                        code=AuditError.REMOVED_ENTITY_FROM_BLOCK_RECORD,
                        message=f"Removed invalid database entry {str(entity)}"
                        f' from BLOCK_RECORD "{rec_name}".',
                    )
        for e in trash:
            self.entity_space.remove(e)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Are you the one who stands in front of the mirror and keep starring at your body shape to realize that you need to take control over your unhealthy diet? Whenever you are out for shopping instead of thinking about colors you keep worrying about availability of your size.
When there is a good dinner with all of your friends. They keep trying those mouth-watering sweet dishes but you keep thinking about your weight and have to choose some sugar-free kind of thing?
So, people no more "but's". I have got some really good stuff for you. Now you are going to have a healthier plus graceful life by reducing your weight in a healthier way. In addition to this, you can choose your dress without worrying about your body size. You just have to implement following tips in your life and you will notice a good change soon.
People who skip their breakfast are more likely to gain weight. Because when you skip your breakfast you'll feel hungrier and you will end up eating odd things at odd times which lead to gain weight. Having complete breakfast regularly will also maintain your mood and reduces the chances of diseases. Taking proper healthy breakfast will speed up your metabolism.
Doing exercise will not only help you to burn extra calories but it will keep you active and feel fresh. As workout also helps you to build lean muscles which further helps in burning fat. Exercising daily will also improve your immune system which will reduce the risk of diseases such as heart diseases, osteoporosis and obesity. It is also helpful in reducing stress which is good for your mental and physical health.
Increase your intake of fruits and vegetables as they contain vitamins, minerals and fibers which will ease your hunger and make you feel energized with natural sugar content. Fruits and vegetables are low in fat and help to maintain a healthy weight. It can also prevent you from strokes.
Make a proper routine and try to eat at the same time every day, so that your body starts to manage itself according to your diet routine and will not crave for more food at odd times. Eating small but healthy at the same will lead to a healthier life and loses your weight frequently.
People who completely avoid their favorite food items fail to control their cravings. Always take your favorite meal once in a week because if you will try to avoid such foods completely you will end up either eating more or some other food even with higher calories.
As you have heard people saying "drink plenty of warm water in morning" so there's a cause behind that. Drinking water in morning keeps you hydrated and boosts your metabolism fast, so that the increased metabolism helps your body to burn calories. Sometimes, you mistake between thirst and hunger. You start snacking over things when you do not drink sufficient amount of water. In addition to this, water cleanses your body from inside. It washes out toxins from your body.
Drinking enough amount of water a day keeps you away from gaining weight. And it also keeps you away from drinking those calorie containing drinks which make you over weight. Try to drink water half an hour before taking your meal which will make you eat less and will contribute in your weight loss routine.
Are you following a diet plan to lose your weight? Do you have a perfect routine of working out? Have you controlled on eating junk? That is good. But wait, you are missing one thing. The thing is, having a good nap at night. Yes.
Studies have proved taking an eight hour sleep will help you to drop your weight. Those who sleep for less than seven hours a night have more chances of gaining weight. Because those who take poor sleep at night they woke up with a tired mind and of course tired body and their body is then not capable for morning workout neither for a healthy breakfast. The amount of your physical activity decreases day by day when you take poor sleep at night. Lack of sleep at night can also crave you for those food items which are high in calories and fats and weight will increase rapidly.
Probiotic supplements enhance health of our gut and improve that movement of food throughout the gut. It also helps to avoid infectious diarrhea, bloating andirritable bowel movement. In addition to this, these supplements also increase metabolic rate and help in controlling appetite. The microorganisms present in probiotics also consume excess calories in our body. Therefore, you can add probiotics in your diet to lose weight.
According to research, if you are a person who is addicted to food or you love to eating different foods then it must be a problem for you. Well, it's not that much difficult but try as hard to get rid of this problem. It can't be impossible but if you do not focus on it properly than it will be impossible for you to lose weight.
Do you know sugary beverages are most fattening substance in your food intake? And its usage will definitely make worthless of all your efforts on losing weight because it contain a higher amount of calories and according to many researches it may increase obesity up to sixty percent. Always opt for natural fruit juices as commercially available juices also contain high amount of sugar and salt in them.


text:
Kamensk (russisch ) ist der Name folgender Ortschaften in Russland:
 Kamensk (Burjatien), Siedlung städtischen Typs in der Republik Burjatien

 Kamensk (Brjansk), Dorf in der Oblast Brjansk
 Kamensk (Irkutsk), Siedlung in der Oblast Irkutsk
 Kamensk (Krasnojarsk), Dorf in der Region Krasnojarsk
 Kamensk (Woronesch), Siedlung in der Oblast Woronesch

Kamensk bezeichnet:
 Kamensk (Krater), ein Einschlagkrater in Russland

Siehe auch:
 Kamensk-Schachtinski
 Kamensk-Uralski
 Kamenski (Begriffsklärungsseite)
 Kamenskoje (Begriffsklärungsseite)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Why Did the Tasmanian Tiger Disappear From Mainland Australia 3,000 Years Ago?
Climate may have played a bigger role than previously thought.
by Kelsey Kennedy September 28, 2017
Two thylacines at the Washington, D.C., National Zoo around 1904. Smithsonian Institution/Public Domain
When European settlers arrived in Tasmania at the end of the 18th century, they dubbed the strange, dog-like marsupial they encountered the Tasmanian tiger. But the Tasmanian tiger, also known as the thylacine, wasn't always exclusive to the island off Australia's southeastern coast. The thylacine lived all across the mainland until about 3,200 years ago, when it suddenly went extinct there. The cause of this disappearance is a mystery (perhaps much like the question of whether they're still out there). A new study based on DNA analysis suggests that an abrupt change in climate played a big role.
The commonly accepted explanation of the thylacine's mainland extinction has involved three factors: humans, dingoes, and climate. It's been suspected that climate played a minor role, and that dingoes, introduced to Australia around 5,000 years ago, and the growing population of increasingly sophisticated humans outcompeted thylacines as predators. The Tasmanian population, separated from the mainland about 14,000 years ago, survived until 1936, when the last known indidivual died in a Hobart zoo.
But mitochondrial DNA from 51 thylacine specimens from Australia and Tasmania suggests that an El Niño-Southern Oscillation event contributed to the mainland extinction. The early populations in Australia were genetically diverse, but the weather pattern triggered a series of prolonged droughts that were especially tough on the ones that were living in arid Western Australia. This contributed to their extinction, as well as that of the mainland population of Tasmanian devils. Conditions were a bit better in Tasmania—the thylacines there dropped in number, but started to bounce back about 700 years ago—just in time for the arrival of Europeans.
Saber-Toothed Kittens Were Really, Really Strong
A new study sheds light on how these extinct felines attacked.
cryptidsextinct animalsislandsscienceanimalsnews
A Giant, 'Coconut Eating' Rat Has Been Discovered in the Solomon Islands
Four times the size of the biggest subway-dweller.
Natasha Frost September 27, 2017
Around 5,000 Years Ago, People Performed Brain Surgery on This Cow
The question is: Why?
Natasha Frost April 19, 2018
After the Last Great Auks Died, We Lost Their Remains
Before they went extinct, great auks were some of the world's most fascinating creatures.
Sarah Laskow March 8, 2018
The Common Language of Gesture Between Bonobos and Chimps
If a bonobo presented you its arm, would you know what it meant?
Natasha Frost February 27, 2018
Video • PinDrop
Video • Object of Intrigue
Giant, Introduced Herbivores Could Be Helping 'Rewild' the World
In the anthropocene, maybe feral camels, wild donkeys, and cocaine hippos aren't a bad thing.


George Town Penang will declare Sept 16 a public holiday - but it will probably not happen this year.
Chief Minister Lim Guan Eng said the day would definitely be made a public holiday, but only from next year.
"We probably cannot have it this year as we already declared a public holiday on Aug 26.
impact the sector," he told reporters yesterday after attending a drainage cleanlhress campaign in Tanjung Bungah near here.
"spare dates" to declare Sept 16 as a holiday.
Pakatan Rakyat states make Sept 16 a public holiday.
anniversary of Malaysia's formation as it was the day when Sabah and Sarawak joined the country in 1963.
ness community would not be affected by the extra holiday as long as ample time was given.
"Since Lira said the public holiday would only be declared next year, everyone will have ample notice to prepare themselves to cushion the impact," he said.
He said the holiday should not be turned into an issue "as it is an important date to mark the anniversary of Malaysia's formation in 1963."
the extra public holiday would not be "too costly" to the state.
"It is up to the management of the companies to observe it as a holiday. The management can always reschedule offdays for its employees or pay them overtime," he said.


By Janna Goerdt, for the News Tribune on Sep 21, 2018 at 9:10 p.m.
TOWER, Minn. — The dress talked as Abbi Zapata bumped her feet across the floor.
It was a gentle sound, as rhythmic as ice shards moving against a thawing shoreline. It's a century-old sound that originated in the American Indian tribes of northern Minnesota. Abbi's ancestors heard the sounds of jingle dresses, and Abbi's mother, Adrienne Whiteman, has heard them, too.
Rows of shiny metal cones bounce gently off each other in time with Abbi's footsteps. To Whiteman, it sounds like "rolling water," or sometimes like wind chimes. The jingle dress tradition turns 100 years old this year. In 1918, when the Spanish Influenza epidemic was killing tens of millions of people across the globe, the first jingle dress sprang from a dream.
There are several different origin stories — some say the first jingle dress was made on the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe Reservation, or perhaps it was in Red Lake, or Whitefish Bay. Most of the stories hold that a man was worried about his young daughter, who had been ill and wasn't recovering, perhaps with the flu, perhaps not.
That's the story Whiteman knows; it's the one her grandfather told her. The man dreamed of a dress that made a lot of noise, and that dress would help to heal his daughter.
"The man's wife made the dress, and his little girl wore it," Whiteman said. "She had to dance through four songs. At first, two women had to help her stand. But with each song, she got better, until the fourth song, and the women let her go. That was the power of prayer. That's how I know about it."
Whiteman, 49, who lives on the Nett Lake Reservation in northern Minnesota, spends weeks each year sewing colorful jingle dresses and other powwow regalia, some for her daughters to wear, some simply for the feelings they inspire.
"My grandpa would tell me stories upon stories," Whiteman said. "About our spiritual beliefs, about the way things used to be done."
On a typical childhood day, she would rise at 5 a.m. with her grandpa and start walking down their gravel road, seeing where the day would take them, she said.
"He would say, 'If you're ever in doubt, if you have a question about what you should do, put your moccasins on, put out some tobacco, and walk the gravel road,'" Whiteman said. "Something along that road will stand out, and you'll get your answer. I still do that."
Whiteman started dancing herself as a girl, though she began as a "fancy dancer." Fancy Dancing was born a bit later than the jingle dress tradition, and both men and women can perform the Fancy Dance. Women's regalia includes colorful, elaborate shawls that become part of the dance.
She once danced in her full U.S. Navy uniform, medals and all. Returning home after serving and playing basketball for the Navy was "one of the proudest moments of my life," Whiteman said. She went through a ceremony to welcome her back into the dance circle after her time serving her country.
When she was a child, dancers had to prove themselves to wear a jingle dress, Whiteman said.
"You can't just put a jingle dress on," she said. "It's a big responsibility."
With guidance from elders in the community, dancers can take on that century-old responsibility. Abbi went through a coming-of-age ceremony before she could start wearing her jingle dress.
"It sounds good to me," Abbi said. "When I'm dancing, I'm trying to get on the beat; I'm jumping and moving on the beat."
Whiteman usually draws her jingle dress inspiration from dreams. If she can work uninterrupted, Whiteman can finish a dress in about a week.
Whiteman's dresses are more elaborate than others, said Martha Anderson, visitors services manager for the Bois Forte Heritage Center and Cultural Museum.
Anderson said she has not danced the jingle dance herself — she has never dreamed of a jingle dress, she said. But when she hears the dresses and the dancers approach, it draws a definite response.
"To me, it sounds like rainwater," Anderson said. "It's a healing feeling. When you hear it, it's calming."
Today, Whiteman buys her jingles from specialty shops. But when she was growing up, she would cut Copenhagen tobacco tins with metal snips and roll them into cones. She used to roll jingles during long car rides from Nett Lake to Virginia or Duluth.
"These dresses are spirits," Whiteman said. She has a foot in two worlds — the traditional Ojibwe world taught to her by her grandfather, the world where jingle dresses can heal and tobacco is an offering. And she lives in the modern world, where premade jingles can be bought by the bagful, and she also attends services at the Nett Lake Baptist Church.
None of Whiteman's daughters sew their own dresses, she said. They are a little impatient; they want it done now.
"I've tried beadwork," Amber Zapata said. "I try and try my hardest, but it doesn't work for me. I want to do it, I do. I just need to keep at it."
Abbi watches her mother making dresses and thinks about how long it takes to make each one. She has sewn dresses of purple, of yellow, of red; each cone on each row individually attached to the dress, rather than strung together. It takes much longer, but Whiteman likes it that way.
"You get much more joy out of completing your own outfit," Whiteman said. "It teaches you patience."
"The sound of the dress makes me feel alive," Amber said. "It makes me feel great. It's just right."


text:
Catalina Sky Survey (CSS) è un progetto di ricerca, condotto dal Lunar and Planetary Laboratory dell'Università dell'Arizona, mirato alla ricerca di comete, asteroidi e oggetti Near-Earth (NEO), la cui orbita può intersecare quella della Terra.

Uno degli obiettivi prioritari della campagna osservativa è l'individuazione di quegli asteroidi potenzialmente pericolosi che percorrono orbite che intersecano quella della Terra e che in futuro potrebbero precipitare sul nostro pianeta.

Traguardo della missione e valutazione della minaccia di impatto
La tecnologia è giunta ad un livello tale da rendere possibile una accurata catalogazione degli oggetti NEO. In considerazione del rischio di impatto con oggetti di grandi dimensioni e delle relative catastrofiche conseguenze, è stato avviato il programma NEO Observations Program (NEOO) sulla base delle direttive date alla NASA dal Congresso statunitense nel 1998. Il programma dovrebbe riuscire a raccogliere un numero di osservazioni sufficiente a determinare con una sicurezza del 90% le orbite degli oggetti più grandi di un chilometro.

Il Catalina Sky Survey (CSS) ed i paralleli Siding Spring Survey (SSS) e Mount Lemmon Survey stanno contribuendo al raggiungimento del traguardo fissato dal Congresso statunitense.

Informazioni tecniche
La missione CSS utilizza tre telescopi:
 telescopio di 1,5 metri (60 pollici) f/ 2 sulla cima del Monte Lemmon dove opera il Mount Lemmon Survey;
 telescopio di 68 cm (27 pollici) f/ 1.9 tipo Schmidt ubicato nei pressi del Monte Bigelow;
 telescopio di 0,5 metri (20 pollici) tipo Uppsala Schmidt ubicato presso il Siding Spring Observatory in Australia dove opera il Siding Spring Survey.

Tutte le postazioni utilizzano allo stesso modo fotocamere gestite elettro-termicamente e software scritto dal team del CSS.
Le fotocamere sono raffreddate approssimativamente a -100 °C in modo da abbassare le relative correnti di buio a circa 1 elettrone per ora. Queste fotocamere di 4096x4096 pixel forniscono un campo visivo di 1 grado quadrato sul telescopio da 1,5 metri e circa 9 gradi quadrati con il secondo telescopio.
Le esposizioni nominali sono di 30 secondi e con il telescopio principale è possibile osservare oggetti che raggiungono una magnitudine pari a 21,5.

Il CCS opera solitamente tutte le notti di cielo sereno con l'esclusione di alcuni giorni corrispondenti alle fasi di Luna piena.

Nel 2005, il CSS è stato il più efficace cacciatore di NEO, superando per numero di scoperte il programma Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) del Lincoln Laboratory del MIT.

Scoperte
Il CSS ha scoperto 310 NEO nel 2005, 396 nel 2006, 466 nel 2007, e 564 nel 2008 .

Ha scoperto o coscoperto molte comete tra le quali 34 portano il nome del programma come la P/1999 XN120 Catalina, la 300P/Catalina, la P/2007 C2 Catalina, la P/2008 E1 Catalina, la P/2009 WX51 Catalina e la P/2011 CR42 Catalina. Molte di più sono le comete scoperte nell'ambito del programma ma che portano il nome degli scopritori .

Tra gli asteroidi più interessanti scoperti dal programma ci sono:

I membri del CSS/SSS
Il team del CSS è diretto da Stephen M. Larson dell'Università dell'Arizona.

I suoi membri sono:
 Stephen M. Larson
 Edward Beshore
 Richard Erik Hill
 Richard A. Kowalski
 Alex R. Gibbs
 Andrea Boattini
 Albert D. Grauer

In Australia:
 Rob McNaught
 Gordon Garradd

Riconoscimenti
L'asteroide 83360 Catalina è stato così nominato in onore del Catalina Sky Survey.

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Voci correlate
 Comete scoperte dal progetto Catalina Sky Survey
 Oggetto Near-Earth
 ADAS
 Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program
 Deep Ecliptic Survey
 Indiana Asteroid Program
 International Near-Earth Asteroid Survey
 LINEAR
 Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search
 Near Earth Asteroid Tracking
 OCA-DLR Asteroid Survey
 Palomar Planet Crossing Asteroid Survey
 Spaceguard
 Spacewatch
 UDAS
 Uppsala-ESO Survey of Asteroids and Comets

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text:
Source: By Sgt. Brian A. Tuthill, U.S. Marine Corps - www.defense.gov, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20712955
Taliban say US bombing insurgents at home contrary to deal | AP News
in Global News
Washington peace envoy Zalmay Khalilzad and Pakistan's military chief have met to discuss issues with the slow-moving Taliban peace deal. Gen. Scott Miller was in the meeting as well and has stated that the ongoing attacks against Taliban members were mentioned. "Our men have been targeted in their residential areas while there is no room for such attacks in the agreement, either by the U.S. or their internal (Afghan) supporters," commented Taliban negotiator Mullah Abdul Ghani Baradar. While the U.S. military has not responded to this statement, they have commented that the U.S. is abiding by all aspects of the peace deal.
Source: https://apnews.com/8fe1fd112fbda74d181976cd00d6bee8
Trump says US generals feel Beirut blast was likely an 'attack' | Military Times
Hong Kong postpones elections for a year 'over virus concerns' | BBC News
National Guard coronavirus missions extended until 2021 | Military Times


Web Hosting > Soholaunch & Various Shopping Carts We offer > Various Shopping Carts > oScommerce > Product Not Found!
View Full Version : Product Not Found!
I have updated the index page to take off the message. Then I watched the tutorial on how to add a product. I followed those instructions step by step and when I clicked on the product I added the next page says 'Product Not Found!' I'm assuming it has something to do with the script. What have I done wrong or not done to cause this? Please help.
I figured out the problem after reading another post similar to mine. Sorry about posting a double thread.


text:
Home BREAKING NEWS Jessie J: "Music must be now a priority"
Jessie J: "Music must be now a priority"
Simona Motuzaitė
© Wikimedia Commons
Jessica Ellen Cornish, better known by her stage name Jessie J, is an English singer and songwriter. Born and raised in London, she studied at the BRITSchool before singing with Gut Records and striking a songwriting deal with Sony/ATV Music Publishing where she wrote for artists such as Chris Brown and Miley Cyrus.
Jessie J was born on March 27, 1988 in London and attending Colin's PerformingArtsSchool as an 11-year old was cast in Andrew Lloyd Webber's West End production of Whistle Down the Wind. She was educated at MayfieldHigh School and at the age of 16 she began studying at the BRITSchool and at 17 she joined a girl group named Soul Deep.
Jessie J had a happy and full of adventure childhood – swimming in the rain, running race with her dad to any visible object nearby, sleeping at friends home and camping in the garden in order to "survive and become stronger". "My dad often took me and my two older sisters, Hannah and Rachel, and drove to swim and then go to Wimpy's restaurant afterwards for chips and milkshakes" – a singer remembers.
As her father, a girl from a young age has irregular heartbeat. There were many moments when Jessie J had to endure serious pain. Most of her childhood she had to be on beta-blocker (drugs which try to help the heart get into a proper rhythm). However, the side effects meant she had low blood pressure. The performer remembers collapsing a lot and having seizures. She was a sickly, skinny girl who had a slight green tinge to her skin because of the drugs and who was always in and out of hospital.
Once, as an 11 year old she was, she met a boy of the same age, and wrote the song "Big White Room" about time. At night, she woke up and heard him pray because he was having a heart transplant the next day. The girl admits that it was the first time she had really seen prayer or religion so close up and actually seen someone asking for his life to be saved. The boy was on his knees, with all these wires hanging out of him, praying. He passed away the next day. Every time, when Jessie sings the song "Big White Room", in her head she dedicates it to that boy.
At school, she didn't sing, because did not feel any incentive or, especially, support. According to Jessie J, music teacher was the biggest dimwitted and Jessie J couldn't attend school choir, where he (music teacher) also was in charge of, because her voice was so loud. Singer admits that it was not the best teenage time, but she tried to ignore and sing anywhere and anytime she wish. Jessie didn't feel her singing had been encouraged at the local secondary school, but when she auditioned for The BRIT School for performing arts, she fell in love with the freedom of it all. She was so happy that she was ready to work hard and learn more about what she loved. During studies Jessie J most communicate with Adele. Amy Winehouse was already BRIT old girl by then from whom Jessie J had the opportunity to watch and learn a lot.
Jessie J successfully tried herself of hair model in "Vidal Sassoon" company. "It was strange when my big face with the multi-colored hairstyle advertised on Oxford Street buses. However, this was a job which money was invested in my studies. In addition, I travelled – Japan, Spain, Germany, – even if I did have silly hair." – said Jessie J.
While studying, singing and hard working not only as a model but even at weekends in toy store "Hamleys", Jessie J getting more and more tired and began to weak. Unfortunately, came the moment when right side of her body suffered with pain, then the chest, for which it has become difficult to breathe. Doctor found to 18 year old girl a minor stroke and put her in the hospital for a couple of weeks. Later there was still needed the time until the singer will regain strength and recover all the muscles. Now, girl's health remains stable for a long time, and she try more care of herself, evaluating realistically her potential, taking time to rest and drinking vitamins.
From 2005, Jessie J started her most active music career. She was signed to Gut Records, recording an album for the label, but the company went bankrupt before any material was released.She then found success as a songwriter, gaining a Sony ATV publishing contract.She wrote for Miley Cyrus song "Party in the USA" with producers Doctor Luke and Claude Kelly. She also wrote songs for artists like Justin Timberlake, Chris Brown (with who concerted in Europe), Alicia Keys and Christina Aguilera. Jessie J song "Sexy Silk" was in film "Easy A" (2010) soundtrack.
After signing with Universal, Jessie J came to prominence following the release of her debut single, "Do It Like a Dude", which peaked at number two on the UK Singles Charts. After topping the charts in nineteen countries with the song "Price Tag", she released her debut album, Who You Are which charted at number two in the UK. Other releases from the album included "Nobody's Perfect", "Who's Laughing Now", and "Who You Are" which all charted within the top 20 in the UK, but the release of fifth single "Domino" spawned more international chart success, peaking at number 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the US, and becoming her second UK number one. The seventh single to be released from Who You Are, "LaserLight", became her sixth top ten single from the album, making her the first British female artist to have six top ten singles on one album. In addition to his musical career, she also judged on the British television show The Voice UK.
It is important to mention that Jessie J has already published her autobiography "Nice to Meet You", where talks about the things that are important to her and how she knows her fame won't last her forever.
Citing various influences, Jessie J is recognized for an unconventional musical and performance style that mixes soul vocals with contemporary R&B, pop, electro pop, and hip-hop beats.
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In order to improve the level of bus service, a field study was undertaken to develop a combined bus comfort model. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the different ways to predict the bus comfort, in addition to the variable experimental techniques used. Barbour Femme It was found some environment parameters like noise, vibration, thermal comfort and the acceleration would affect the passengers' experience. In this model, both the measurement of objective physical parameters and subjective questionnaire survey were conducted to gather the practical environment date, as well as to distribute questionnaires on board city buses during the same trips. By comparing the subjective views of Barbour Manteau Homme bus passengers to objective physical parameters, a combined bus comfort model was established. This model helps to calculate the concrete value of passengers' perceived Barbour Soldes bus comfort. An effective approach integrated the comfort model, measuring instrument and the driver monitor could greatly improve the bus service quality.
The Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) and its Scholarly Works Application Profile (SWAP) are used to inspire the representation of complex real world situations in the publication part of the Common European Research Information Format (CERIF), the model for Current Research Information Systems (CRIS). CERIF is found to have room for different approaches to representing metadata of scholarly publications, which could hamper the interoperability of CRIS. To lessen that risk, we propose guidelines for representing scholarly publication metadata in CERIF; our design goal is to enhance the utility of CRIS in supporting the functions of scientific communication. The guidelines are formulated using the notions of Scholarly Work, Expression and Manifestation from FRBR/SWAP.


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Advancing Genomics Medicine with Cloud Infrastructure
By Tapan Mehta
The combined power of computing technology, data storage, and gene sequencing will shape the future of personalized medicine.
The ability to rapidly sequence and interpret genomic information has quickly emerged as a fundamental driver of improved human health. To complete the first human genome sequence in 2003, scientists consumed 13 years, an international effort, and billions of dollars in investment. Currently, sequencing labs can churn out hundreds of completely sequenced individual human genomes in days, with costs as low as $299. Huge, ambitious endeavors such as the 100,000 genomes project, the All of Us NIH research project (1 million genomes), and other national and international efforts are the order of the day. These studies produce invaluable troves of information for scientists to explore and enable ever deeper levels of query and understanding into the fundamental bases of development, disease, and various other traits. This rapid on-going innovation in the genomics field is driving a growing number of pharma and academic centers to embrace cloud infrastructure for its elastic and cost-efficient resources.
Producing the Sequence Is Just the Start
Much of the acceleration in this field has involved new sequencing technologies, such as those developed by the Illumina, Oxford Nanopore Technologies, and PacBio companies. These advances have improved base call accuracy, enabled longer read lengths, and increased speed while decreasing costs.
On the output side of things, deciphered genomic sequences can occupy warehouses of data at ~150 GB per genome. But really, that's just the beginning. Mapping reads and making higher-level inferences based on collections of sequences require robust and rapidly scalable computational power, data storage, transfer, retrieval, and analytical resources, and the numbers rapidly multiply as the million-genome-scale projects enter the fray. It is this scale, though, that holds the greatest promise for revealing subtle relationships among genes and phenotypes. Instead of simple associations between gene X and disease Y, multi-gene classifications can be stratified into specific population groups, providing the most precise correlations and predictions. The human genome sequences alone have been estimated to occupy up to 40 exabytes of data by 2025, and this is at a 1:1 human:sequence ratio. It's easy to see how this number will multiply drastically as transcriptional, epigenetic, single-cell, temporal, and other regulatory levels under the genomics umbrella are added.
The value of these tools is evident from the recent worldwide scientific community effort to understand and conquer COVID-19. The virus sequence was released less than a month after the disease gained international recognition, and this led to a record-setting timeline for vaccine development and approval, something that could be supported by hyperconverged infrastructure (HCI) and cloud. However, much remains to be understood, such as why certain individuals are susceptible while others go unscathed, and sequencing efforts hold great promise in answering such questions. Continued sequencing is also rapidly identifying new variants that may affect virulence and disease severity, informing better public health decisions and helping vaccine developers stay ahead of changes.
Image Source: NHS
You Need the Right Data Infrastructure
To sustain the pace of progress in this field, data handling must have a VIP seat, and Nutanix® cloud software and HCI solutions are a perfect fit for handling the changing needs in this data-rich environment. Nutanix software enables simplified access and control of hardware that stores and processes this data through a single interface, whether the data is on-prem, in a public cloud or a private cloud, or, as seen more commonly, in a hybrid cloud environment. Nutanix simplifies the technology so you can focus on your data, and we accomplish this simplification using software-defined HCI. This allows the same tools to function on-prem or in hybrid cloud environments, and it's built using web-scale architecture—made for the scale at which Google, Amazon, and Facebook technologies work. It's easy to see that this is the framework needed to support massive sequencing projects. With Nutanix solutions, storage and management are fully distributed across various nodes to prevent a single point of failure, creating redundancy to help guarantee data integrity, pave the way for the federated genomics analysis espoused by GA4GH, and allow data to remain in local storage and comply with jurisdictional constraints related to data sharing.
At the scale of many of these projects, minor efficiency improvements can sum to major savings. Every element of data transfer and processing involves latencies that can be addressed with optimized data handling. Stacey Gabriel, Senior Director of the Genomics Platform at the Broad Institute, recently stated that "processing using optimized computing power lowered the time and cost of creating a sequence file by ~50%." Nutanix software helps to automatically identify these bottlenecks in processing and transfer of data to optimize workflows. Furthermore, by incorporating cloud solutions, compute and storage needs can be scaled up and down quickly to handle the specific needs of a sequencing project, maximizing the efficiency of expenditure. This optimized access to essentially infinite resources is ideal for harnessing the power of advanced analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, necessary elements of population-scale studies.
For the data-intensive nature of genome sequencing and its expansive view into the future, having the right infrastructure to handle these data needs is crucial. The data requirements appear poised to only grow in the near term, and these technologies will certainly be involved in designing the pharmaceutical interventions of the future with additional unforeseeable benefits. To learn more about how Nutanix can help your organization, take a complimentary test drive at www.Nutanix.com/Testdrive. Test Drive lets you experience the simplicity and agility of public cloud, combined with the performance, security, and control of private cloud via an easy-to-follow guided tour.
© 2021 Nutanix, Inc. All rights reserved. Nutanix, the Nutanix logo and all Nutanix product, feature and service names mentioned herein are registered trademarks or trademarks of Nutanix, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Other brand names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be the trademarks of their respective holder(s). This post may contain links to external websites that are not part of Nutanix.com. Nutanix does not control these sites and disclaims all responsibility for the content or accuracy of any external site. Our decision to link to an external site should not be considered an endorsement of any content on such a site. Certain information contained in this post may relate to or be based on studies, publications, surveys and other data obtained from third-party sources and our own internal estimates and research. While we believe these third-party studies, publications, surveys and other data are reliable as of the date of this post, they have not independently verified, and we make no representation as to the adequacy, fairness, accuracy, or completeness of any information obtained from third-party sources.
This post may contain express and implied forward-looking statements, which are not historical facts and are instead based on our current expectations, estimates and beliefs. The accuracy of such statements involves risks and uncertainties and depends upon future events, including those that may be beyond our control, and actual results may differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied by such statements. Any forward-looking statements included herein speak only as of the date hereof and, except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or otherwise revise any of such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.
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The Institute hosts its largest scientific symposium each World Malaria Day, April 25th. The one-day symposium includes presentations from leading researchers, a lunch-time poster session and opportunities for trainees to interact with established malaria researchers.
Malaria in insecticide resistant Africa: Do we have the tools to tackle this new reality?


What Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Networks do you offer?
We offer the Assurant® Dental Network and the Assurant Focus Dental Network®. Our PPO networks include dentists contracted with Dental Health Alliance, L.L.C.® (DHA®) and dentists under access arrangements with other dental networks.
How will I know when a patient participates in one of your PPO networks?
All eligible members will receive an identification card listing their PPO network.
How do I join your PPO networks?
To receive information and forms to join our PPO networks, call Provider Relations at 800-434-2638, email ppoinforequests@sunlife.com or complete this online form. All general dentists and specialists must be credentialed before being accepted as a participating provider. The credentialing process is based on standards developed by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) and our provider network.
Is there a fee to join your PPO networks?
There is no fee to join our PPO networks.
How is the quality of the network assured?
We adhere to quality standards encompassing a broad range of care and service issues that are the cornerstone of our Quality Assurance Program (QAP). The program addresses areas of credentialing, utilization reviews, professional standards, the monitoring and resolution of member complaints and appeals, and the assessment of the satisfaction of our providers and eligible members through surveys and evaluations.
How do patients find out that I am a participating dentist?
Your practice information is included in our directory of participating providers and on our website. We also direct patients to participating providers via telephone referrals through our Client Services lines.
Who do I call with questions about my network participation?
You can call Provider Relations at 800-434-2638 from 7:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. CT , Monday through Friday.
Who do I call if I have questions regarding my Personal Fee Profile?
You can call Provider Relations at 800-434-2638 with questions, or to obtain your network fee for any procedure not listed in your Personal Fee Profile.
Who do I contact if I have questions regarding my responsibilities with your PPO Networks?
As part of your welcome notification, you were provided a copy of your Participating Dentist Agreement and your Personal Fee Profile. Visit www.dha.com to review The Dentist Guide for guidelines around handling our patients seen in your practice and their claims. We encourage you to refer to this information for any questions you may have. If you have any comments or problems, please call Provider Relations at 800-434-2638.
How do I find out about coverage, deductibles, co-pays and maximums for your patients?
Please contact Client Services at the number indicated on the patient's ID card or you can utilize one of our self-service options.
Am I required to refer patients to specialists in a patient's PPO network?
When specialists are required, we recommend that referrals be made to a participating specialist in their PPO network so that patients can take full advantage or their in-network benefits. If you choose to refer a patient to an out-of-network specialist, you may do so, but we request that you inform the patient that they have the option to be referred to an in-network specialist if they desire.
How do I submit a claim for one of your patients?
Claims should be submitted with your usual fees, not the network fee listed in your personal fee profile. Your tax ID number (TIN) should be included on all claims. Claims should be submitted to the address on the back of the patient's ID card.
What am I allowed to bill the patient when you apply the alternate benefit provision?
Many plans contain a provision, which limits the amount of reimbursement for a procedure to the amount available for the least costly alternate treatment for that dental problem or disease. Our PPO dentists are allowed to bill the patient for the service actually performed. The patient's responsibility is the difference paid by us and the fee for the service actually performed. In all instances, you are limited to the charge stated in your Personal Fee Profile.
Am I allowed to bill the patient if a service is not paid by you?
Our PPO dentists are allowed to bill the patient for services performed that are not covered by the plan. For non-covered services, whether the fees are listed in your Personal Fee Profile apply depends on (i) whether you have elected to offer your network fees on non-covered services and (ii) in some cases, any applicable state law. Even if your network fee would otherwise apply, in the event that your usual fee is lower than the network fee, you may not bill the difference between your usual fee and the network fee.
Can I send electronic attachments?
Yes, we accept electronic attachments. Please contact National Electronic Attachment (NEA) for specifics at 770-441-3203, Fax 770-441-3204 or visit www.nea-fast.com.
Can I check eligibility online?
Yes. By logging into Online Advantage where you will be able to search for a particular patient and retrieve their eligibility information.
How do I sign up for electronic claims?
You may contact Change Healthcare or Tesia.
A. How long does it take to process pre-estimates?
It typically takes two or more weeks to process a pre-estimate. Sometimes additional information is needed, so it is helpful to submit all appropriate documentation when filing a pre-estimate. A pre-estimate is recommended on all services over $300.
B. What are the guidelines for submitting pre-estimates?
A pre-estimate is not required but encouraged in order to avoid any confusion about the amount of plan benefits that would be paid.
C. Can I fax pre-estimates to you?
Faxing a pre-estimate is not recommended for those services requiring x-rays for benefit determination. Our fax line for pre-estimates is 563-242-0184.
If I have a problem with a claim from you, which number do I call?
Our Client Services number is 800-442-7742. Hours of operation are 7 a.m. - 5:30 p.m. CT.
If I have a problem with a claim from another company that uses the DHA network, whom do I call?
Contact the benefits administrator at the phone number on the patient's dental ID card.
If I have a dispute with you, how can it get resolved?
What is the Prepaid Dental Plan?
It is a dental network plan that arranges for provision of covered dental services through a contracted network of private practice dentists. A plan member must see their selected Plan Dentist in order to receive benefits. The member pays any applicable copayment(s) at the time of treatment according to the Copayment Schedule. Except in the case of a dental emergency, services provided by out-of-network dentists are not a covered benefit, unless pre-authorized by the Plan. Except in very limited circumstances, there are no claim forms to submit. You are compensated through the combination of the periodic capitation payment and the member copayment paid at the time of service.
How do I join the Prepaid Plan?
To receive information and forms to join our Prepaid Plan, call Provider Relations at 800-434-2638 or email PrepaidDental@sunlife.com. All dentists and specialists must be credentialed before being accepted as a participating provider. The credentialing process is based on standards developed by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) and industry standards.
What states are the Prepaid Dental Plans available in?
We market Prepaid Dental Plans in the following states: Alabama , Arizona , California , Colorado , Florida , Georgia , Illinois , Kansas , Kentucky , Missouri , Nebraska , New Jersey , New Mexico , New York , Ohio , Oklahoma , Pennsylvania , Tennessee , Texas , Utah , and Wisconsin . For a list of the underwriting entities go to our Legal Notice.
Members select a Plan Dentist from our directory at time of enrollment. We will send you a roster each month listing the members who have selected your practice as well as plan they have purchased. You will receive monthly capitation payments for these members and you will collect copayments from the members based on the plan and the service you perform. Member discounts are identified in the applicable Copayment Schedule. Except in rare circumstances, such as an out-of-area emergency, member may only access the benefits of the plan by seeing you, the selected Plan Dentist.
How do I know which plans I accept?
Your roster will list all the members that have selected your practice along with the plans that they have purchased. If you have a question about the plans listed or need copies of the Copayment Schedules, please contact Clients Services at 800-443-2995. Representatives are available to assist you Monday through Friday from 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. CT.
How do I refer my patient to a specialist?
For Legend and Heritage plans: No referral is necessary. If the plan has the Specialty Benefit Amendment, your patient has the option to receive their specialist care from a specialist that participates with our plan or they may seek care from any specialist. Exception: members in Colorado, Florida or Arizona are required per a state mandate to receive their specialist care from a participating network dentist.
For UDC plans: Referral requirements differ for the UDC plans. Please contact Client Services at 800-443-2995.
For DentiCare plans: A referral is necessary only if the plan has the Specialty Benefit Amendment.
In all cases where an emergency referral to a specialist is required, the general dentist can call in an emergency referral.
How do I verify patient eligibility?
Your monthly roster will list all the members that have selected your practice along with the plan that they have purchased. If you have a question about your monthly roster or the eligibility of a specific patient, please contact Client Services at 800-443-2995. In addition, you can access eligibility online.
Do plan members have to assign me as their Plan Dentist to receive benefits?
Yes, members need to select your office to be listed on your roster to receive benefits based on the Copayment Schedule. The member should call Client Services to request assignment to your office. Upon request, Client Services can verify the assignment of the member to your practice over the phone or via fax. Representatives are available to assist you Monday through Friday from 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. CT at 800-443-2995.
Can I file claims for the difference in copayments and costs?
No, the copayments listed on the Copayment Schedule are the full amounts the member is responsible to pay to the Plan Dentist. Services not listed on the Copayment Schedule are not covered by the Plan. If services not listed on the Copayment Schedule are necessary, you may bill the patient at your normal retail charge. Refer to your plan information for specific guidelines or call Client Services at 800-443-2995.
How do I know if I have the most current version of the plan Copayment Schedule(s)?
Please contact Client Services at 800-443-2995, Monday through Friday from 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. CT to request a copy of the most current Copayment Schedules.
What happens if the procedure I performed is not listed on the Copayment Schedule?
First, please verify that you have the most current version of the Copayment Schedule. Services not listed on the Copayment Schedule are not covered by the Plan. If those services are necessary, you may bill the patient at your normal retail charge. Refer to your plan information for specific guidelines or call Client Services at 800-443-2995.
How can I have a specialist, to whom I refer, added to the network?
Please contact Client Services at 800-443-2995 and provide us with the name of the specialist you would like for us to contact. We will have a Provider Relations representative contact the office as quickly as possible.
Do I need a referral to see the patient?
For Legend and Heritage plans: There is no need to obtain a referral prior to treatment of a patient who has the Specialty Benefit Amendment.
For DentiCare: A referral is necessary only if the plan has a Specialty Benefit Amendment.
How do I know if a patient has the Specialty Benefit Amendment?
If you have a question about member benefits or the eligibility of a specific patient, please contact Client Services at 800-443-2995. Our representatives are available to assist you Monday through Friday from 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. CT.
How do I get reimbursed for services?
For all other plans, services performed by specialists are discounted and the patient is responsible for the full discounted reimbursement. Please consult your plan materials or call Client Services at 800-443-2995 for assistance.
What is the Specialty Benefit Amendment (SBA)?
The SBA rider is offered with prepaid plans that provides members enhanced benefits associated with Plan Specialists, plus limited benefits with using a Non-Plan Specialists.
Do all patients have the SBA?
No, please verify whether or not the patient has the SBA before treatment. If the patient does not have the SBA then they are entitled to the applicable discount. 15% discount on endodontic procedures and 25% discount on all other specialty procedures.
How can I receive information about the SBA if I don't currently accept members with the SBA?
Please call Client Services at 800-443-2995. Representatives are available to assist you Monday through Friday from 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. CT.
Where do I submit an SBA claim for the remaining contracted balance?