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Home — Essay Samples — Arts & Culture — Artwork — Art and Memory
Art and Memory
Subject: Arts & Culture, Life
Category: Life Experiences
Topic: Artwork, Memories
As a basic tool of human existence, memory determines our actions and reactions to stimuli, creating a link between what has passed and what is yet to come in search of patterns and similarities between people and events past and current. Memories can serve as warnings, upon recognition of harmful behaviors in us and others around us; we must not touch the stove on which we were previously burnt, so we take back our hand. However, this does not explain human tendencies to repeat our mistakes, and oversimplifies the process, giving us more questions than answers. Conversely, memory can allow us to dwell in pleasures of the past, making the memory of even greater importance than the moment itself, obsessed with recording the memory without trying to experience it in given time through the technology and its increased role in the society and culture. These contrasting functions of memory seem to be a highly appealing aspect of the phenomena, inspiring both scientific research and literary works.
Since memory has such a crucial role in our existence, it must also manifest itself in the world of contemporary art. Artists not only ask about its function in our daily lives, but also try to detangle the web of our expectations of it as both societies and as individuals. Olivier Dyens writes: Born of human memories and emotions, art is a universal current. Melancholy, sadness, joy, terror, anger and the like constitute an esperanto that every human being can read, understand and share. But emotion and art are nothing other but memories. Living beings remember, and this is how they are able consciously to exist in time and space. Memory is fundamental to the emergence of both order and complexity. Without memories, a being cannot learn and adapt to the demands of environment. Without memories a being cannot evaluate the condition of his or her body (since this evaluation depends upon an interaction between before and now), and is thereby unable to emerge as a conscious being. Memories of pleasure, pain, sadness and joy, are the common thread that unites all human beings. Memories are our existence, and art is their system of replication.
Questions of identity based on memory and history, the impossible task of finding the 'truth' behind sources that time after time prove to be unreliable thanks to the nature of our psychology, quests of getting rid of the clutches of trauma on personal and social level- these are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes of the depth of problems regarding the memory. Memory can be revisited- just like art can be seen again and again- each time with different results. The process of going back and rewriting the past in the present time is explored in depth in George Orwell's novel "1984" as a haunting picture of the world in which memories are being forcefully molded into whatever "the Party" wishes them to be. Individual memory in opposition to the force of the political vision of the past loses its importance. Siegfried J. Schmidt in his essay "Memory and Remembrance: a Constructivism Approach" (Erll, Nünning, Young 2008) writes:
The politics of remembering, too, is steered by emotions and moral values, and it is intrinsically connected to power: Who is entitled to select topics and forms of remembering in the public discourse(s)? Who decides in which way narrations of remembrances rely upon relevant presuppositions in order to shape the past in the present for promising futures? It seems impossible to discuss memory and history without including the role of politics in the equation. Memory as a theme in art does not have to be political, but does very often does cast a light onto how this coalition influences today's world. Eric Meyer writes about the clash between memory and politics this way: Conflicts within the field of "politics of history" deal less with the facticity of historical reconstructions and the appropriateness of resulting interpretations than one might assume for discussion within the academic community. The interest lies instead in the meaningful connection between past, present, and future, which is often coupled with a reference of action. In this perspective, the question is not if the image of history communicated is scientifically truthful. Instead, the crucial factor is how and by whom, as well as through which means, with which intention, and which effect past experiences are brought up and become politically relevant. (Erll, Nünning, Young 2008)
As individuals, we remember only in our subjective fragments: we preserve only one perspective, one side of the story. However, societies as a whole remember what helps to establish the identity of the society. Art helps us to fill the gaps between universal and individual aspects of the phenomena- bringing experiences that are common to us all, but with a unique perspective of the medium that is used, along with the questions that are asked and those not asked at all. Andrea Dezsö, Artur Zmijewski and Doris Salcedo are three artists that touch on theme of memory in art. Even though they share this topic (or aspects of it) they bring something completely different to the table. This is due to their unique cultural perspectives of being respectively Romanian of Hungarian descent (Dezsö), Polish (Zmijewski) and Columbian (Salcedo) in the predominantly Westernised world of contemporary art, and also due to the influence of their individual, national and overall human contexts of their perspectives on memory.
Andrea Dezsö
Born and raised in Romania in the 1970s/80s, Andrea Dezsö is an artist that combines her memories of childhood with the dreams that accompanied her while growing up, using variety of mediums. Known for her New York subway mural/mosaic Community Garden, the artist uses themes of folklore, fairy tales, dreams and superstitions that illustrate the richness of her cultural heritage in all of its shades. She describes herself and her art practice in these words: A storyteller and an image maker; really a narrator of personal experiences, trying to make sense of what happened before and what is happening now.
Perhaps the most literal example of her fascination with memory is in her series Lessons from my mother, in which she embroidered a variety of her mother sayings, with accompanying illustrations. In her essay "Embroidered Feminist Rhetoric in Andrea Dezsö 's Lesson from my Mother" Adriana Cordali Gradea (2014) explains the influence of Romanian folklore and its tradition of "samplers" in Dezso's work and also points out how reinterpretation of the theme changes the context of the artifacts.
The artifact and its practice help Dezsö connect the newly recreated messages to the woman's condition through historical time. Starting from a humble, seemingly powerless, subaltern art form with parochial circle exposure, Dezsö repurposes the enriched artistic product for a different historical and geographical context, and this reoriented traditional artifact gains more power by virtue of this transformation.
The art of embroidery in this case evokes memories of home, and of a different time in which women stitched messages of morality and domestic bliss on pieces of fabric for decorative purposes. This activity, common for the European circle, finds a new form of expression in Dezsö's hands. The artist derives the 'lessons' from her memory, but directs the messages to the modern world. Memories carefully recollected and forever immortalized in the stiches on white fabric present us with lessons delivered in the tone of righteousness, from the point of now challenged authority.
In the larger historical context, the girl represents the new generation. She inherits a state of facts from the specific conditions of Eastern Europe, where solutions for the working woman had been tried out. The communist regime liberated the woman at the same time as it transformed the peasantry into a proletarian class, and it did that by providing both with equality in the workplace. But in doing so, the tradition of the village, which had been long established through centuries of organic growth, was systematically destroyed in the name of modernism and progress. The girl's presence prompts a reevaluation of past practices so that the new generation learns history's lessons. (Gradea, 2014)
Dezsö reminds us that the messages stitched upon the white 'samplers' with her mother's wisdom don't exist only in her memory, or in this case also available on her website or at occasional exhibitions. These sometimes naïve, sometimes misinformed and sometimes even cruel messages are also stitched into a fabric of society, raised within frames of superstition and hostility towards women. On first glance, these images represent the mother, but on closer inspection, the influence of the patriarchy becomes more evident as the benefit for the fathers and brothers is revealed, leaving the audience chilled. By exposing these messages to the world, Dezso takes away the power of the past and remolds her memories for the sake of exposing unreliability of socially constructed norms. At closer look, therefore, while often funny and slightly absurd, these messages show how knowledge changes vertically, with time. Societies, indeed humanity in general, organize knowledge and belief systems in a certain relative way, which may change with time, through generations. Because science, medicine, religion, philosophy, as well as societal organization change with the passage of time, so does our organization of knowledge and belief systems. (Gradea, 2014)
Messages such as those demonstrated in these works can continue to circulate through generations of mothers and daughters on a subconscious level, rooted in the influence of folklore favoring men. The artist does not address the question of how and why this happens, despite the acquired knowledge in adulthood that the truth of your mother and her mother before her, is your truth no more. She instead merely gives a glance into the experience of how these messages can linger from childhood into adulthood. Memories that Dezsö replicates for our viewing pleasure are bitter-sweet. There is sense of nostalgia and homesickness for the magical realism of the sentences that could only be produced in the environment of Dezsö's upbringing, while still maintaining a critical eye enclosed in the sentence "My mother claimed".
The artist gives a truly unique perspective on the experience of being raised in the world of communistic practicality mixed with eerie Transylvanian folklore. This very personal take on the power of the memory in shaping one's identity, and focus on the individual experience (in this case, the artist's) is perhaps an attempt to not rewrite but to come to terms with one's personal history, and the history of the people who helped create it. Memories selectively chosen to represent the unique experience of the artist build a fundament for the history of the larger group of people brought up in similar environments. Pierre Nora explains how personal memory turns into history this way The commandment of the hour is 'Thou shalt remember.' It is the self that remembers, and what it remembers is itself, hence the historical transformation of memory has led to preoccupation with individual psychology. (Farr, 2012)
Dezsö is indeed a storyteller, and since she tells stories directly from personal experience, these extracts of her 'individual psychology' become historicized. They turn into an impression of the time that has passed but continues to live within the frame of her artistic endeavors and consequently in the world of contemporary art and culture.
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Avoid Probate, Grantor Trust, Keep Property in Family, Louisiana Trust, Medicaid Trust, Property in Trust, Protect Your Estate, Trust for Child
The Amendable But Irrevocable Trust
Is it possible to amend, modify, or change the provisions of an irrevocable trust?
All trusts can be classified as either revocable or irrevocable. The #1 reason people create revocable trusts is to hold title to assets in a way that you keep total control but eliminate the attorney and court-involved probate process when you pass away. Quite a bit is written about using revocable living trusts to avoid probate, so that is not the topic of this post.
Irrevocable trusts, however, are created for many different reasons: avoid taxes, lawsuit protection, and nursing home protection, just to name a few.
The word "irrevocable" scares many consumers, but it may not need to. Someone can establish an "irrevocable" trust, yet reserve the right to modify certain terms of the trust after the trust is created.
Here's an example: Parent sets up a trust. Parent is referred to as the "Settlor." In the trust instrument, it states that "X" is the trustee of the trust. It further states that "Y" and "Z" are the principal beneficiaries of the trust. The trust states that the trustee may distribute principal to the principal beneficiaries during the lifetime of the Settlor. The trust instrument further provides that when the Settlor dies, the trustee shall terminate the trust and distribute the principal to the principal beneficiaries.
Then, the trust instrument further provides that the Settlor can replace the trustee, and the trust instrument also provides that the trustee can replace the principal beneficiaries. Now you have an irrevocable trust where the Settlor has expressly reserved the right to modify certain provisions of the trust, yet there are some provisions of the trust that the Settlor cannot, under any circumstances, modify.
Fueling this concern over the inflexibility of irrevocable trusts is the fact that back in the 1990's, most irrevocable trusts were set up to avoid the 55% estate tax on assets that exceeded $600,000 in value at death. Settlors of those irrevocable trusts almost never reserved the right to modify those trust provisions for fear that the "right to modify" would cause the trust assets to revert back to the estate of the Settlor.
But since we now have an $11.4 million estate tax exemption, and portability between spouses, married couples can exempt $22.8 million in assets from the estate tax. Moving assets out of the estate to avoid estate tax just isn't a concern any more.
Now, irrevocable trusts are established for a variety of reasons: yes, tax avoidance is one. But so is lawsuit protection, nursing home protection, and many other reasons. But you need to be very careful when you are attempting to take advantage of trusts and other legal strategies to gain these protections because the slightest alterations of wording can have adverse tax, creditor protection, and Medicaid eligibility consequences.
So, in summary, an irrevocable trust does not need to be as scary as it first sounds, due to the fact that you can reserve the right to modify certain provisions, but you will want to tread carefully.
Tagged: amend an irrevocable trust, change irrevocable trust, modify irrevocable trust, how to amend an irrevocable trust, reserve right to modify irrevocable trust, estate planning baton rouge, Paul Rabalais estate lawyer
Newer PostWhat to Tell Your Heirs About Your Estate Planning Legal Program
Older PostUnder What Circumstances Should You Give a Trustee the Discretion to Make Distributions to a Trust Beneficiary?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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A maximum of two people per Laser Cutter, both laser cutter training sessions can be running at the same time. Training will enable engineering undergraduate students be use the laser cutter unsupervised during the Dyson Centre opening times. A full manual will be given out upon completion of training.
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The Dyson centre has a new plastic supplier, this means a wider choice of colours and textures. The wider variety includes a choice of glitter acrylic, tinted acrylic, mirror acrylic, frosted acrylic, florescent acrylic and also 24 different colour solid coloured acrylic, all available to order.


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Authors registered in RePEc who have co-authored more than one work in the last five years with Tong Li.
Where Tong Li has published?
2017 Estimation of Health Care Demand and its Implication on Income Effects of Individuals. (2017). Voia, Marcel ; Kavand, Hossein . In: Carleton Economic Papers. RePEc:car:carecp:16-01.
2017 Measurement errors in quantile regression models. (2017). Song, Suyong ; Firpo, Sergio ; Galvao, Antonio F. In: Journal of Econometrics. RePEc:eee:econom:v:198:y:2017:i:1:p:146-164.
2017 Injectivity of a class of integral operators with compactly supported kernels. (2017). Schennach, Susanne ; Shiu, Ji-Liang ; Hu, Yingyao. In: Journal of Econometrics. RePEc:eee:econom:v:200:y:2017:i:1:p:48-58.
2017 Simultaneous treatment of unspecified heteroskedastic model error distribution and mismeasured covariates for restricted moment models. (2017). Garcia, Tanya P ; Ma, Yanyuan. In: Journal of Econometrics. RePEc:eee:econom:v:200:y:2017:i:2:p:194-206.
2017 Semiparametric identification of the bid–ask spread in extended Roll models. (2017). LINTON, OLIVER ; Chen, Xiaohong ; Yi, Yanping . In: Journal of Econometrics. RePEc:eee:econom:v:200:y:2017:i:2:p:312-325.
2018 Nonparametric heteroskedasticity in persistent panel processes: An application to earnings dynamics. (2018). Botosaru, Irene ; Sasaki, Yuya. In: Journal of Econometrics. RePEc:eee:econom:v:203:y:2018:i:2:p:283-296.
2018 Generalized indirect inference for discrete choice models. (2018). Keane, Michael ; Bruins, Marianne ; Smith, Anthony A ; Duffy, James A. In: Journal of Econometrics. RePEc:eee:econom:v:205:y:2018:i:1:p:177-203.
2018 Indirect Inference with endogenously missing exogenous variables. (2018). Chaudhuri, Saraswata ; Renault, Eric ; Frazier, David T. In: Journal of Econometrics. RePEc:eee:econom:v:205:y:2018:i:1:p:55-75.
2018 Uniform confidence bands in deconvolution with unknown error distribution. (2018). Kato, Kengo ; Sasaki, Yuya. In: Journal of Econometrics. RePEc:eee:econom:v:207:y:2018:i:1:p:129-161.
2017 Buybacks with costly participation. (2017). Lipton, Douglas ; Depiper, Geret ; Holzer, Jorge . In: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. RePEc:eee:jeeman:v:85:y:2017:i:c:p:130-145.
2017 Nonparametric estimation of a latent variable model. (2017). Schaffland, Tim Fabian ; Krzyak, Adam ; Kohler, Michael ; Kelava, Augustin . In: Journal of Multivariate Analysis. RePEc:eee:jmvana:v:154:y:2017:i:c:p:112-134.
2017 Asymptotic behavior of the empirical multilinear copula process under broad conditions. (2017). Genest, Christian ; Remillard, Bruno ; Nelehova, Johanna G. In: Journal of Multivariate Analysis. RePEc:eee:jmvana:v:159:y:2017:i:c:p:82-110.
2017 Manipulation via endowments in auctions with multiple goods. (2017). Shirata, Yasuhiro ; Muto, Nozomu. In: Mathematical Social Sciences. RePEc:eee:matsoc:v:87:y:2017:i:c:p:75-84.
2018 A multivariate heterogeneous-dispersion count model for asymmetric interdependent freeway crash types. (2018). , Ghasak ; Shankar, Venkataraman N ; Yamamoto, Toshiyuki. In: Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. RePEc:eee:transb:v:108:y:2018:i:c:p:84-105.
2018 Nonparametric instrumental regression with errors in variables. (2018). Otsu, Taisuke ; Adusumilli, Karun. In: LSE Research Online Documents on Economics. RePEc:ehl:lserod:85871.
2017 Empirical analysis of scoring auctions for oil and gas leases. (2017). Branco, Marcelo Castello. In: FGV/EPGE Economics Working Papers (Ensaios Economicos da EPGE). RePEc:fgv:epgewp:789.
2018 Density Forecasts in Panel Data Models : A Semiparametric Bayesian Perspective. (2018). Liu, Laura. In: Finance and Economics Discussion Series. RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2018-36.
2017 A Note on Identification of Bivariate Copulas for Discrete Count Data. (2017). Zimmer, David ; Trivedi, Pravin. In: Econometrics. RePEc:gam:jecnmx:v:5:y:2017:i:1:p:10-:d:90353.
2017 Cost inefficiency under financial strain: a stochastic frontier analysis of hospitals in Washington State through the Great Recession. (2017). Izon, German M ; Pardini, Chelsea A. In: Health Care Management Science. RePEc:kap:hcarem:v:20:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s10729-015-9349-8.
2017 Identification in Ascending Auctions, with an Application to Digital Rights Management. (2017). Larsen, Brad ; Freyberger, Joachim. In: NBER Working Papers. RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23569.
2017 An asymmetric multi-item auction with quantity discounts applied to Internet service procurement in Buenos Aires public schools. (2017). Bonomo, F ; Marenco, J ; Jawtuschenko, A ; Guajardo, M ; Epstein, R ; Duran, G ; Catalan, J. In: Annals of Operations Research. RePEc:spr:annopr:v:258:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s10479-016-2164-x.
2017 Estimation of a physician practice cost function. (2017). Schreyögg, Jonas ; Schreyogg, Jonas ; Heimeshoff, Mareike ; Kwietniewski, Lukas. In: The European Journal of Health Economics. RePEc:spr:eujhec:v:18:y:2017:i:4:d:10.1007_s10198-016-0804-3.
2018 Goodness-of-fit tests in linear EV regression with replications. (2018). Jia, Weijia ; Song, Weixing . In: Metrika: International Journal for Theoretical and Applied Statistics. RePEc:spr:metrik:v:81:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s00184-018-0648-1.
2017 Job Displacement during the Great Recession: Tight Bounds on Distributional Treatment Effect Parameters using Panel Data. (2017). Callaway, Brantly. In: DETU Working Papers. RePEc:tem:wpaper:1703.
2018 Difference-in-Differences with Multiple Time Periods and an Application on the Minimum Wage and Employment. (2018). Sant'Anna, Pedro ; Callaway, Brantly. In: DETU Working Papers. RePEc:tem:wpaper:1804.
2018 On asymmetric reserve prices. (2018). Kotowski, Maciej H. In: Theoretical Economics. RePEc:the:publsh:1824.
2018 Unobserved Heterogeneity in Auctions under Restricted Stochastic Dominance. (2018). Luo, Yao. In: Working Papers. RePEc:tor:tecipa:tecipa-606.
2017 Why Do Shoppers Use Cash? Evidence from Shopping Diary Data. (2017). Wakamori, Naoki ; Welte, Angelika. In: Journal of Money, Credit and Banking. RePEc:wly:jmoncb:v:49:y:2017:i:1:p:115-169.
2015 Affiliation and Entry in First-Price Auctions with Heterogeneous Bidders: An Analysis of Merger Effects In: American Economic Journal: Microeconomics.
2003 Semiparametric Estimation of the Optimal Reserve Price in First-Price Auctions. In: Journal of Business & Economic Statistics.
2015 Auctions with selective entry and risk averse bidders: theory and evidence In: RAND Journal of Economics.
2012 An Exponential Class of Dynamic Binary Choice Panel Data Models with Fixed Effects In: CESifo Working Paper Series.
2012 An Exponential Class of Dynamic Binary Choice Panel Data Models with Fixed Effects.(2012) In: IZA Discussion Papers.
2001 Simulation-Based Estimation of the Structural Errors-in-Variables Negative Binomial Regression Model with an Application In: Annals of Economics and Finance.
2004 Inference of Structural Econometric Models: A Unified Approach In: Econometric Society 2004 North American Winter Meetings.
2004 Modelling the differences in counted outcomes using bivariate copula models with application to mismeasured counts In: Econometrics Journal.
1997 Using all bids in parametric estimation of first-price auctions In: Economics Letters.
2002 Robust and consistent estimation of nonlinear errors-in-variables models In: Journal of Econometrics.
2004 Robust estimation of generalized linear models with measurement errors In: Journal of Econometrics.
2005 Econometrics of first-price auctions with entry and binding reservation prices In: Journal of Econometrics.
2009 Simulation based selection of competing structural econometric models In: Journal of Econometrics.
2006 Simulation based selection of competing structural econometric models.(2006) In: CeMMAP working papers.
2010 Indirect inference in structural econometric models In: Journal of Econometrics.
2011 A new class of asymptotically efficient estimators for moment condition models In: Journal of Econometrics.
2012 Semiparametric estimation in models of first-price, sealed-bid auctions with affiliation In: Journal of Econometrics.
2011 Semiparametric Estimation in Models of First-Price, Sealed-Bid Auctions with Affiliation.(2011) In: CEI Working Paper Series.
2015 Set identification of the censored quantile regression model for short panels with fixed effects In: Journal of Econometrics.
2000 Conditionally independent private information in OCS wildcat auctions In: Journal of Econometrics.
2015 Existence of monotone equilibrium in first price auctions with private risk aversion and private initial wealth In: Games and Economic Behavior.
2015 Existence of monotone equilibrium in first price auctions with private risk aversion and private initial wealth.(2015) In: LSE Research Online Documents on Economics.
1998 Nonparametric Estimation of the Measurement Error Model Using Multiple Indicators In: Journal of Multivariate Analysis.
2000 Estimation of nonlinear errors-in-variables models: a simulated minimum distance estimator In: Statistics & Probability Letters.
2010 TESTING FOR AFFILIATION IN FIRST-PRICE AUCTIONS USING ENTRY BEHAVIOR In: International Economic Review.
2015 Identification and estimation in first-price auctions with risk-averse bidders and selective entry In: CeMMAP working papers.
2012 Identification in auctions with selective entry In: CeMMAP working papers.
2014 Identification in Auctions With Selective Entry.(2014) In: Econometrica.
2008 Multi-round procurement auctions with secret reserve prices: theory and evidence In: Journal of Applied Econometrics.
2002 Structural Estimation of the Affliated Private Value Auction Model In: RAND Journal of Economics.
2003 Modeling Response Bias in Count: A Structural Approach With an Application to the National Crime Victimization Survey Data In: Sociological Methods & Research.
2000 Grants and cost shifting in outpatient clinics In: Applied Economics.
2009 Book Review In: Econometric Reviews.
2017 Quantile Treatment Effects in Difference in Differences Models with Panel Data In: DETU Working Papers.
2003 Timber Sale Auctions with Random Reserve Prices In: The Review of Economics and Statistics.
2001 Estimating hospital costs with a generalized Leontief function In: Health Economics.


Weight approximately 350g. Product contains oatmeal (gluten).
We make our own ! We rehydrate Pig's blood to make our own Black Pudding, with a little onion and some herbs (a little influence from a Boudin Noir) and oatmeal. We use a natural case, not plastic. Fry a few slices with some of our dry cured bacon & breakfast sausages – all you need are some eggs for the perfect breakfast.


New works created in my garage studio in Oakland, CA. Inspired by the show date, all works are new, painted for this particular show. Proceeds from the show will be donated to the Oakland Parks & Rec department, specifically towards their efforts to rebuild Mosswood Park's Rec Center after loss from a fire. Please join me in contributing and come celebrate the opening! Rosé and bubbles to be served.


When it came to this new workspace and two-story military training facility, building efficiently was key. And like a well-pressed uniform, it needed to look sharp for years to come; even as a facility used 24/7. Showcasing the history of the camp and military, custom graphics punctuate the space. DIRTT provided an easy way to display shields, memorial oars and awards. And as times change, so can the space; adapting to new technology as their needs evolve.


text:
Betances Sets A Record With The Save
Written By: David Russell
Published: Sep 2, 2018
The Yankees held on to a 2-1 win over the Tigers on Saturday afternoon in the Bronx despite only collecting two hits.
Dellin Betances notched the save with a scoreless ninth.
"He's really good," Aaron Boone said. "And I think he's in a really good place."
Betances looked like the bullpen stalwart the Yankees count on as he put his blown save and loss from Thursday behind him.
"The good thing about baseball is it's an everyday game," Betances said. "A lot of sports you have to wait. Football you have to wait a week. Basketball you only play three times a week. In baseball, a lot of times you'll get an opportunity the next day."
When Jeimer Candelario went to swinging in the ninth inning, Betances became the first pitcher in Major League history to record at least 100 strikeouts as a reliever in five consecutive seasons. Only Dick Radatz, Duane Ward, Rob Dibble and Aroldis Chapman accomplished the feat four straight seasons.
"It means a lot," Betances said. "To be able to spend a lot of time in the minor leagues and I came up as a starter. That didn't work out for me so I got moved to the bullpen and from 2014 I've been able to stay healthy which is the key."
He holds an American League record with 36 consecutive relief appearances with a strikeout. The only National League pitchers with more were Chapman, Corey Knebel and Bruce Sutter.
The blown save on Thursday was shocking considering Betances allowed two earned runs over his 35 previous appearances. The 6'8" right-hander has been virtually lights out since late May.
"I think because he's in such a comfortable place with his delivery it allows him to regroup much more easily because that leads to confidence," Boone said.
Betances has been dealing with a problem concerning the ring finger on his pitching hand. His long thumbnail has been cutting the ring finger in the follow-through of his delivery. Now he's paying more attention to cutting his nails.
"It's getting to the point that if I cut it any more I'm not going to have any nail," Betances said.
With Aroldis Chapman out for an undetermined amount of time, Betances has stepped into the closer role.
After Masahiro Tanaka pitched seven innings, Boone went to Jonathan Holder to pitch the eighth inning. The skipper was asked if he thought about using Betances in the eighth because the heart of the order was up. "We wouldn't just throw Holder into a first time save situation in there," Boone said.
There were times over the past two seasons when Betances would have trouble finding the strike zone. That seems to be over and the Thursday's loss seems to be a small blip on the radar.
"It's a long season," Betances said. "You're going to have good games and some bad ones. This team this year has given me a little trouble so I was just glad I kind of got back out there pretty quickly and shake hands after the game."


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The Taliban Told the World Women Can Work. But Women Journalists Are Told to Stay Home.
"He's a man, you're a woman. Women are not allowed to work anymore," one Taliban fighter allegedly told a journalist.
by Pallavi Pundir
Delhi, IN
August 20, 2021, 10:41am
The Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid at a press conference in Kabul, capital of Afghanistan, on Aug. 17, 2021. Photo by Str/Xinhua via Getty Images
On Wednesday, when Sultana went to work at one of Afghanistan's state-owned TV news channels, she was blocked from entering her office.
"We were told that the situation is not good, and that they want us to be safe," the 28-year-old, who had worked as a journalist for 4 years, told VICE World News. The names and identifying details of Sultana and other Afghan journalists in this piece have been changed or withheld to protect them from potential retaliation.
"'Just for a few days,' they said, while sending us back," Sultana said.
Sultana and her female colleagues were worried that the Taliban would stop them from working once they took over Kabul. Now, it seems, her fears are being confirmed.
Ex Afghan Women's Soccer Captain Urges Players to Burn Uniforms, Delete Social Media
Manisha Krishnan
The Taliban's apparent assault on civil liberties is not limited to women's rights to work. On Thursday, German news outlet Deutsche Welles reported that Taliban fighters have been raiding homes and looking for their reporters. One such raid by the Taliban killed one family member of a reporter and seriously injured another relative. The rest of the journalist's family are currently on the run, the outlet reported.
In the chaotic immediate aftermath of the Taliban's effective control of Afghanistan on Sunday, there were uncertainties over how the extremist group would rule the country, and to what extent they would change the modernised way of life Afghans adapted under U.S. occupation.
Initially, there were signs of women reclaiming spaces that were infamously denied to them during the Taliban's first rule between 1996 and 2001. On social media, photos and videos of women journalists reporting from TV news studios and on the ground went viral.
Right after Afghanistan's occupation, a top Taliban official gave interview to a commercial TV station's woman anchor. Photo: Screenshot/TOLONews
As clamour around women's right to work in Afghanistan grew, Taliban spokesperson Zabihullah Mujahid said in a press conference – the first in the re-established Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan – that women's rights will be honoured, albeit only within the norms of Sharia law.
But as the week went on, stories like Sultana's – of women journalists being sent back home from their offices – started surfacing.
So far, Sultana said, seven other women journalists were also told to go home. "I met the officials," she said. "They said they will call us on Saturday to tell us when we can come." Their male colleagues, in the meantime, were allowed to work as usual, she said.
In an alarming indication that the Taliban could reverse two decades of gains in women's rights, Farzana, a presenter who works in the same news channel as Sultana's, said the group barred her from going to work.
"Despite wearing a hijab and carrying the correct ID, I was told by the Taliban: 'The regime has changed. Go home,'" Farzana said in a video that has since gone viral on social media.
Farzana turned down an interview request with VICE World News, citing stress and mental health impact from the dismissal. Previously, she told another news outlet that the Taliban soldiers told her, "You're a woman, go sit at home." When she asked why they let a male colleague enter their office building, she was told, "He's a man, you're a woman. Women are not allowed to work anymore," she said.
Afghan Woman Tells Us What It Was Like Leaving Her House for the First Time
Natashya Gutierrez
In another incident, a journalist reportedly said a Taliban official disapproved of what she was wearing.
The journalist was wearing a pair of pants, a long coat and a headscarf, according to reports. A bit of her hair was visible, she said. But he allegedly told her, "You need to fully cover yourself. Even your face should not be seen."
"The senior Taliban official then told me that the Taliban had no problem with women working, like me speaking to them. They just wanted women to cover themselves," she said in the interview.
On Thursday, six other women journalists of Sultana's news outlet – mostly presenters – reportedly said they were denied entry to their offices, too.
Sultana said they have nothing to do but "wait and watch." But, she added, if she and other women colleagues don't hear back on Saturday, they will openly oppose the restrictions. "I have told them if they're not the same old Taliban from 20 years ago, they will allow us to present, and report," she said.
On the ground, journalists have pointed out the vast differences between the Taliban's statements to the world and the realities on the ground.
Ruhaani, a journalist with another state-owned news outlet, said on social media that there is a "gap between action and words." She said that while covering news in Kabul, Taliban soldiers allegedly took her camera. One of the soldiers hit her, she said.
Violence against journalists was also reported during the anti-Taliban protests that erupted in at least three cities in Afghanistan. In Jalalabad, male journalists were seen crying in a video after being beaten up allegedly by Taliban fighters.
We Spoke to Afghans Who Are Unable to Flee the Taliban
Mohammed Rasool
One TV reporter recounted his ordeal to the local press while covering Afghanistan's Independence Day celebrations in Kabul on Thursday. He alleged that the Taliban soldiers took his camera and assaulted him. In the same interview, another reporter claimed that a Taliban soldier told him, "There is no freedom of speech," as he took away his camera.
A journalist told VICE World News that two of his colleagues had been beaten up by the Taliban for filming at the Kabul airport, and were only released after deleting their footage.
In this week's press conference, Taliban spokesperson Mujahid said that privately-owned news outlets will "remain independent" but also that journalists "should not work against national values."
A 2021 Human Rights Watch report released in April, before the Taliban's march across the country, found sharply rising threats and attacks targeting journalists and other media workers, particularly women.
On August 8, Taliban fighters shot dead Afghan journalist Toofan Omar, who was the manager of privately-owned Paktia Ghag Radio, while another journalist Nematullah Hemat was kidnapped.
It is not clear as to how many journalists have been attacked or killed since the Taliban took control of Kabul on Sunday.
Peter Limbourg, director-general of Deutsche Welles, said, "It is evident that the Taliban are already carrying out organized searches for journalists, both in Kabul and in the provinces. We are running out of time."
Follow Pallavi Pundir on Twitter.
Tagged:TalibanPress Freedomwomen's rightsworldnews


With Between The Lines, the newly re-christened Saint Alvia (formerly Saint Alvia Cartel – the band abbreviated its name with no explanation given but, presumably, they were sick of the anatomical comparisons raised by SAC) has clearly made its next order of business to put some distance between their prior work and their new direction. The band turns its back completely on the aggro-punk bruisers of its debut in the opening seconds of the before/after mash-up "Walk Before You Run DMC" that neatly sums up this new direction (and simultaneously bears striking resemblance to Sum 41) that includes brighter production and syncopated, decidedly hip hop-ish vocals and reggae-laced rhythms. For those that have been with the band for a while and remember the group's roots in Boys Night Out, Jersey and Grade, this new sound will feel like a hard left turn away from the band's known background that will hit like a stiff, unexpected jab to the gut; the change is so complete and fully-realized that it'll knock the wind out of you.
The confusion gives way to joy pretty quickly though. By as early as the second verse of "Walk Before You Run," the band is already winning the hearts of the skeptical with their new and poppy sound. Amid rattling keyboards, horns, accordion and harmonica, Saint Alvia single-mindedly and tirelessly reinvents itself into a party ready ska-punk band with songs like "Romeo," "Mornings In Feng Tu" and Roll With It" with hip hop inflections that have far less teeth, but will probably get more radio play and hence draw a larger audience.
If that accessibility was what Saint Alvia was shooting for with Between The Lines, the record is a rousing success. There are enough infectious riffs and hooky vocals laced through songs including "Trouble Keeps Me Busy," the title track and "Are You Serious?" that established fans who initially recoiled will at least find the album to be a bittersweet, guilty pleasure. As a star turn or run for the brass ring, Between The Lines is a respectable record – but no one would consider it a punk rock album of any stripe. It'll draw pop audiences, but it has none of the teeth that the band's debut had and so will not assuage the group's existing fans.


Article 50 - This is the part of the EU treaty that sets out how a member state can leave, and sets out the two year timetable for leaving the EU.
Backstop - This is the measure within the Withdrawal Agreement designed to ensure that no hard border (no border posts, physical barriers or checks on people and goods) is in place between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.
Brexit - Brexit is the abreviation for the "British Exit" from the EU. It was first used during the UK referendum on EU membership in 2016.
Common Travel Area (CTA) – This is an open border area, which is made up of the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands (Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Herm and Sark).
Crown Dependencies – These are the island territories within the British Isles. They are the Bailiwick of Jersey, the Bailiwick of Guernsey (comprised of the Islands of Guernsey, Alderney, Sark and Herm) and the Isle of Man.
European Economic Area (EEA) - This is the area made up of the 28 EU member states, plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.
EU Settlement Scheme – This is the UK agreed scheme for protecting the rights of EU citizens currently in the UK, and will allow those who are granted Settled or Pre Settled Status to remain in the UK after 30th June 2021.
The UK has reached an agreement with Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and a separate agreement with Switzerland. If you're a national of these countries you'll be able to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from 30 March 2019. The deadline for applying will be 31 December 2020 if the UK leaves the EU without a deal. For further informaiton, please see our EU Settlement Scheme UniLife Page.
Free Movement - This is one of the four freedoms currently associated with the single market. It allows the EU citizens to travel, study, work and live in any other EU member state. It also confirms there can be no discrimination in access to public services and benefit entitlements.
Transition Period - If the currently proposed deal was accepted, this is the 21 month period between 29th March 2019 and 31st December 2020. The period is designed to allow time for the EU and the UK to agree any future relationship. During this time the UK will need to follow all EU rules, including allowing Free Movement.
Withdrawal Agreement - This is the currently proposed, 858 page, deal with the EU, that the UK Prime Minister (Theresa May) has been negotiating with the EU. It details the terms of the UK's departure from the EU, details of how much money the UK must pay the EU, trasnition period details, citizens rights and the 'backstop' arrangements for no hard border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.
If you believe we have missed anything from this Glossary, or would like further terms added, please email the IISA team with the information you believe should be included.


Small business owners spend their days concentrating on their particular specialty, but there's one thing they have in common: they all have to contend with a host of similar workforce issues. Our in-depth fact sheets give detailed information about common workforce issues, such as family medical leave, sick days and retirement. Additionally, we answer frequently asked questions about federal and state legislation and programs that offer publicly-administered access to paid leave and retirement benefits.
California's paid sick leave law, which went into effect on July 1, 2015, allows employees to take time off from work to address their health or a family member's illness without losing a paycheck.
The paid sick leave law in California helps promote a healthy workforce while benefiting small employers' bottom lines through reduced employee turnover and increased productivity. Additionally, it helps employers take care of their employees in order to retain a loyal and healthy workforce and to attract top talent.
The Maryland Healthy Working Families Act allows employees to take time off from work to addresstheir health or a family member's illness without losing a paycheck. This document is intended to help answer questions small employers in Maryland might have about the paid sick and safe leave law and its effect on small businesses.
Montgomery County's (MD) paid sick leave law, which went into effect on October 1, will allow employees to take time off from work to address their health or a family member's illness without losing a paycheck.
This document is intended to answer questions small employers in Montgomery County might have about the new paid sick leave law.


Vanitas is a very rich and old symbol in the art which show to the viewer that joy of life is just a short moment, compare with all life of the human. Dutch artists like Edwaert Calyer painted the still life, and people have to identify themselves with the only objects. Creating beautiful composition rich in colors and items, which shows the vanity of passing life. However, this project represents a different way of thinking by indicating the symbols of vanitas, contrast with the human body and interaction between carnality and objectivity. It has no intention to create a composition, only interaction with the objects which are already the symbols. The symbols in Vanitas are various from candies to stuffed animals, and all mean the same unavoidable passing time and vanity of this items. Everything that people owns in this world is nothing compare with eternal life after dead. Someday we will die, and this item will only change the owner. Therefore, what is the point to put so many attention to such unimportant things which we always want to possess?


Next week's Irish Association for Emergency Medicine's 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting has a particular focus on the care of the older patient and is set to be its best ever ASM. Older patients are attending Emergency Departments (ED) in Ireland and around the world in ever increasing numbers. They have specific care needs which need to be addressed in an appropriate environment. The meeting will feature presentations by national and international experts on the care of the older person, including Dr Christopher Carpenter from the USA, Professor Rose Anne Kenny from St James's Hospital, Dublin and a number of Emergency Medicine speakers from the UK and Ireland who have a particular interest in the care of the older patient, including Dr Rosa McNamara and Dr Jay Banerjee from Leicester Royal Infirmary.
The meeting takes place on Thursday 20th and Friday 21st October 2016 at Clontarf Castle Hotel, Dublin and will be officially opened by the Minister for Health, Mr Simon Harris TD at 11am. The meeting will conclude late on Friday afternoon with the 2016 Leo Vella Lecture which will be delivered by Professor Patrick K Plunkett, recently retired Consultant in Emergency Medicine from St James's Hospital, Dublin.
On Wednesday 19th October 2016, pre-conference workshops will be held, dealing with Minor Injuries Management; the ED Care of Older Persons and Thoracic Ultrasound. There will also be an Advanced Cardiac Life Support Provider Course for Consultants held as a pre-conference workshop. There are still places available on all the pre-conference workshops and those interested should visit www.iaem2016.org which has links to the final meeting programme and an opportunity to register for a pre-hospital workshop or the meeting itself.
In addition to the specific focus on the care of the older person, there will also be sessions on Pre-Hospital Care; Paediatric Emergency Medicine and general Adult Emergency Medicine. There are also particular sessions for Emergency Department Nursing Staff as well as a variety of research presentations.
The Association looks forwards to as many members as possible of the Irish Emergency Medicine community coming together at Clontarf Castle Hotel for what promises to be an excellent academic programme and a very enjoyable social event.


Rose Emily Webster, age 92 years, doesn't let age keep her from sharing her love of life and the beauties that surround her. She recently launched a book of 380 poems called, Home and Heartstrings, from her wheelchair in the Huon Valley of Tasmania.
More than eighty people were in attendance at the book launch held at Huon Regional Care where Rose spent much of the time signing books.
Rose was born in the Huon Valley and has always had a love of literature. She feels she was born with the gift of writing and did well in English. Though she had to leave school at age fourteen to work, she continued to educate herself and began writing poetry as a teenager.
She later married Snowy Watson who subsequently died and also Harry Webster who also passed away. Their partings were the inspiration for many of Rose's poems. She has thirty-nine grandchildren and currently seventy-four great grandchildren.
Her granddaughters Annabelle Watson and Rebecca Triffitt were instrumental in compiling Rose's poems and getting the book published.
In addition to her poetry, Rose has written plays and musicals and is a historian of the Huon Valley. She has also been a lifelong journal keeper.
Rose, a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has given many years of service to her community including serving as a volunteer missionary in Sydney in 1987.
Her love of the Saviour and His creations is reflected beautifully, not only in her poetry but in the life of Rose Emily Sylvester Watson Webster.
To read more of her story in the Huon News, click here.


Our XL Jugs have a timeless design with a truly astounding range of uses. Use your pottery jug to serve cool beverages for special occasions, or even fill with flowers to brighten up your day.
The Old Rose Pattern is one of our most popular designs, and the striking pattern makes it easy to see why!
Whaat can I say. Nicholas Mosse pottery is so beautiful and this extra large jug is no exception. Beautiful pattern in the "Old Rose" and well made. It is quite large and substantial. I am using it for display in my living room and dining room and will also use it as a vase.
Bought to put water in for dinner parties. Great size.


text:
Think at London Business School
Mandela's lessons in self-leadership
Think - AT LONDON BUSINESS SCHOOL
The late South African president exemplified a level of self-mastery that all business leaders should aspire to, says Nigel Nicholson
Leadership Podcasts Leadership podcasts
The most important battles that any leader has to face are resolved in that mysterious mental space we call the self. Nelson Mandela is the most memorable and revered leader in modern history for his actions. It was his inner strength that powered his historic achievements.
This was underscored for me recently when I talked with two people in South Africa who had known him well: Mandela's lifelong friend but political opponent Mangosuthu Buthelezi and Christo Brand, his prison guard leader for the last 15 years of his incarceration. There are lessons for us all.
Mandela was a man of iron-self-discipline, unshakeable vision and values, enormous human warmth, high intelligence and an articulate tongue. He adhered to strict ethical and strategic boundaries, yet he knew when to be flexible and meet the enemy with a smile – even an embrace. He is rightly judged to have been a very special leader. But how did he get to be that way?
Leadership is demonstrated in moments. Mandela's example shows how it shines through when the person is confronted with a situation – a problem, a person, an opportunity – that the leader grasps and uses. Sometimes this may be with deliberation and thoughtfulness and sometimes it will be based on instinct, but in either case, it yields powerful results. The key to this is what psychologists call self-regulation.
Mental discipline and dignity
This quality was visible in Mandela's power in and out of prison. He was the natural and unchallenged leader of political prisoners on Robben Island, as Brand told me on the boat back from the infamous prison. When Brand pitched up on Robben Island, Brand was a naïve, mild-mannered and politically ignorant 18 year-old. He scarcely knew who these top security prisoners were. He was greeted with stately courtesy by a tall lean 60-year-old black man who addressed him graciously as "Mr Brand", spoke fluently in Afrikaans and immediately established a rapport with his captors.
Even the older political prisoners accepted Mandela's natural authority. Brand recalls how Mandela enjoined them to maintain mental and physical discipline, getting them to follow his example of self-improvement through voracious study. He insisted that "We are not criminals but political prisoners and we must respect the guards as men doing their job and not make life difficult for them."
This is the same moral clarity that gave his nation the truth and reconciliation process, thereby avoiding a vengeful bloodbath. Brand maintained contact with Mandela after he had become President and wrote a wonderful homage to his hero in the book, "Mandela: My Prisoner, My Friend."
I also spent some hours interviewing Mangosuthu Buthelezi, a Zulu prince and one of Mandela's fellow freedom-fighters. Despite a political rift that sparked something close to civil war between the largely Zulu followers of Buthelezi's Inkatha Party and Mandela's ANC, the two remained friends to the end. Buthelezi recalls a late meeting shortly before Mandela's death where they reminisced, and talked about their life journeys.
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All leaders have goals but too many lack a compelling, noble purpose that goes beyond everyday corporate heroism or glorification
The regulated self
This again illustrates Mandela's extraordinary ability to keep friendship and ideology separate. Most leaders speak with passion about their beliefs, finding affinity in friends and supporters. Mandela's lesson for leadership today concerns the toughest challenge any of us faces, and especially leaders: the regulated self.
What is the self? It is hard to pin down neurologically and metaphorically. At the centre is consciousness, the node that attempts to control the flow of experience, achievement, desire, distraction and thought. Mandela's self was crowded with powerful competing forces: deeply held beliefs, love for people and ideas – as well as the continual intrusion of hostile people and malevolent institutions.
He was forced to endure more than most, but his struggles resonate with leaders everywhere. All leaders have goals but too many lack a compelling, noble purpose that goes beyond everyday corporate heroism or glorification. What else makes Mandela's leadership stand out?
1. We all tend to muddle facts and values, interpreting the meaning of neutral information according to our preferences and prejudices. Mandela's reality was deeply emotional but he stood by his reason and its fundamental assumptions, impartially and without sentiment.
2. Too many leaders fight their enemies before they understand them. Mandela knew his enemies, taught himself their language, learned to enjoy their sports and tastes. He had a gift for what I call "decentring" – knowing what the world looks like through others' eyes, especially enemies'. It gave him power to co-opt people and influence their opinions.
3. Like many leaders, Mandela segmented his life. It can impose a cost on relationships - as Mandela discovered. But elsewhere he proved how this can protect true values and principles. He loved his friends, whatever their ideology, and harmonised every aspect of living with empathic humanism.
4. When leaders face tough decisions, they often seek facts and advice. These are helpful when calculating the likely effects of decisions, but the best leaders, like Mandela, assert their right to define the framework – to shape the when and how of decisions: not being hurried by the demands of others and being prepared to wait for the right moment that will yield the best outcomes.
5. Mandela championed the values of lifelong learning with all who knew him. Leaders today are often too busy – lacking space for learning, rumination and deliberation before action.
6. Leaders need to know their leadership situation as it shifts its ground, to the point where they can say their time is done and it is time for a new person to take charge of this transformed situation, as Mandela did when he stepped down from office. This takes great perception, courage, selflessness and self-control. Mandela ended his leadership story with this inspired act. Too few leaders do likewise.
Mandela's legacy
What happened in post-Apartheid South Africa is one of the most remarkable stories of modern times. Much of the dream has gone sour, but nonetheless among the young the rainbow nation is being born anew and can be seen on the streets of the nation's cities. This is Mandela's legacy, despite the abuses of power and failures of institutions in the country.
Business and professional organisations need vision. All leaders – Mandela included – have weaknesses, hot spots and deficiencies, but these do not for the most part render them unfit. Their flaws lie in self-deception, lack of true conviction and moral courage, inability to see beyond what is in their field of vision and lack of understanding of the human heart.
This renders them the captive of systems that they fail to command; it makes them fearful and cynical about radical change and lacking in confidence to assert their right to lead. Let them look to great leaders for inspiration and then back at themselves.
Emeritus Professor of Organisational Behaviour
He teaches on the following programmes:
karlokoronkwo 2 years and 11 days ago
Very lovely,educative article,full of inspiration . I love it. Thanks
pat.daly@gaa.ie 2 years, 1 months and 15 days ago
Nelson Mandela epitomized "Ener-Ethics" - the value-laden energies & synergies - generative, integrative & transformative - that underpin human capacities.
Nelson Mandela epitomized "Ener-Ethics" - the value-laden energies & synergies
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The Mister Jigger does do the same job as the Rock-N-Reel and is priced right as well.
The center rod holder wire is removable which may or may not be an issue for some. I have to emphasize it doesn't really break-off, it's just removable.
If it helps you catch fish and that's what your budget demands then get it and be sure you take care of the center rod holder.
The center pin that holds the rod in place breaks off. Same concept as the Rock and Reel, but is not built very well....just my thoughts.


How would you like to escape on a wonderful weekend for two on the beautiful West Coast? Imagine just sitting back, relaxing and enjoying a break from the bustle with that someone special.
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text:
65: News Letter
77: Garage
Team AzBaja.com Where the road ends the fun begins
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FEDERAL Government has promised to strengthen the mortgage policy for Nigerians to access affordable housing, reduce corruption and encourage productivity in the sector.
Minister of Power, Works and Housing, Babatunde Fashola, who disclosed this at the ongoing Affordable Housing Summit 2016 in Abuja, stressed the need for stronger mortgage policy, in line with the change promised by President Muhammadu Buhari's administration to pursue infrastructure development and specifically address the housing needs of Nigerians.
The minister said the enthronement of best practice would help to reduce corruption, restore investors' confidence in the housing sector and create an atmosphere of transparency and dependability.
He said: "I think that mortgage is the best practice and the way to go to reduce corruption and to encourage productivity.
"I suggest that our houses must be tied to our income, which must be tied to our jobs and I think it is the way to create credit that our housing sector desperately needs.
"I do not think that we can seriously talk about transparency, if a large number of our people pay a two- year advance housing rent when they receive their arrears monthly. Where will the money come from?
He also expressed confidence that the ministry's collaboration with the German Development Cooperation, GIZ, and other development partners would, among other key objectives, proffer a clear, sustainable, realistic and strategic blueprint for affordable housing delivery in Nigeria.
He noted that some anomalies had affected the housing sector over the years, explaining that "if the income marches your obligation, you pay in arrears.
"No matter how hard we try to build to meet the budget of the demanding public, we must also respond to the question of credit for rent. So I say that this mismatch in advance rent and arrears of income is one of the reasons many completed houses are empty," Fashola added.


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The lists of aircraft are sorted in alphabetical order.

Further reading
The following reference sources, among many others, have been used to compile this list:

See also
 List of most-produced aircraft
 List of aircraft type designators
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text:
Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits
Genevieve E. Lind, Tung Chung Mou, Lucia Tamborini, Martin G. Pomper, Carlo De Micheli, Paola Conti, Andrea Pinto, Kasper B. Hansen
NMDA-type glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that contribute to excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Most NMDA receptors comprise two glycine-binding GluN1 and two glutamate-binding GluN2 subunits (GluN2A–D). We describe highly potent (S)-5-[(R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]-4,5-dihy-dro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (ACEPC) competitive GluN2 antagonists, of which ST3 has a binding affinity of 52 nM at GluN1/2A and 782 nM at GluN1/2B receptors. This 15-fold preference of ST3 for GluN1/2A over GluN1/2B is improved compared with NVP-AAM077, a widely used GluN2A-selective antagonist, which we show has 11-fold preference for GluN1/2A over GluN1/2B. Crystal structures of the GluN1/2A agonist binding domain (ABD) heterodimer with bound ACEPC antagonists reveal a binding mode in which the ligands occupy a cavity that extends toward the subunit interface between GluN1 and GluN2A ABDs. Mutational analyses show that the GluN2A preference of ST3 is primarily mediated by four nonconserved residues that are not directly contacting the ligand, but positioned within 12 Å of the glutamate binding site. Two of these residues influence the cavity occupied by ST3 in a manner that results in favorable binding to GluN2A, but occludes binding to GluN2B. Thus, we reveal opportunities for the design of subunit-selective competitive NMDA receptor antagonists by identifying a cavity for ligand binding in which variations exist between GluN2A and GluN2B subunits. This structural insight suggests that subunit selectivity of glutamate-site antagonists can be mediated by mechanisms in addition to direct contributions of contact residues to binding affinity.
E6942-E6951
Published - Aug 15 2017
Kinetic modeling
PEAQX
Schild analysis
Synaptic transmission
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Lind, G. E., Mou, T. C., Tamborini, L., Pomper, M. G., De Micheli, C., Conti, P., Pinto, A., & Hansen, K. B. (2017). Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(33), E6942-E6951. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707752114
Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits. / Lind, Genevieve E.; Mou, Tung Chung; Tamborini, Lucia et al.
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 114, No. 33, 15.08.2017, p. E6942-E6951.
Lind, GE, Mou, TC, Tamborini, L, Pomper, MG, De Micheli, C, Conti, P, Pinto, A & Hansen, KB 2017, 'Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 114, no. 33, pp. E6942-E6951. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707752114
Lind GE, Mou TC, Tamborini L, Pomper MG, De Micheli C, Conti P et al. Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2017 Aug 15;114(33):E6942-E6951. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1707752114
Lind, Genevieve E. ; Mou, Tung Chung ; Tamborini, Lucia et al. / Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2017 ; Vol. 114, No. 33. pp. E6942-E6951.
@article{a1e46755eb884170a18f82f6d1aa7fe6,
title = "Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits",
abstract = "NMDA-type glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that contribute to excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Most NMDA receptors comprise two glycine-binding GluN1 and two glutamate-binding GluN2 subunits (GluN2A–D). We describe highly potent (S)-5-[(R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]-4,5-dihy-dro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (ACEPC) competitive GluN2 antagonists, of which ST3 has a binding affinity of 52 nM at GluN1/2A and 782 nM at GluN1/2B receptors. This 15-fold preference of ST3 for GluN1/2A over GluN1/2B is improved compared with NVP-AAM077, a widely used GluN2A-selective antagonist, which we show has 11-fold preference for GluN1/2A over GluN1/2B. Crystal structures of the GluN1/2A agonist binding domain (ABD) heterodimer with bound ACEPC antagonists reveal a binding mode in which the ligands occupy a cavity that extends toward the subunit interface between GluN1 and GluN2A ABDs. Mutational analyses show that the GluN2A preference of ST3 is primarily mediated by four nonconserved residues that are not directly contacting the ligand, but positioned within 12 {\AA} of the glutamate binding site. Two of these residues influence the cavity occupied by ST3 in a manner that results in favorable binding to GluN2A, but occludes binding to GluN2B. Thus, we reveal opportunities for the design of subunit-selective competitive NMDA receptor antagonists by identifying a cavity for ligand binding in which variations exist between GluN2A and GluN2B subunits. This structural insight suggests that subunit selectivity of glutamate-site antagonists can be mediated by mechanisms in addition to direct contributions of contact residues to binding affinity.",
keywords = "Kinetic modeling, PEAQX, Schild analysis, Synaptic transmission, X-ray crystallography",
author = "Lind, {Genevieve E.} and Mou, {Tung Chung} and Lucia Tamborini and Pomper, {Martin G.} and {De Micheli}, Carlo and Paola Conti and Andrea Pinto and Hansen, {Kasper B.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank the staff at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory for excellent beamline support. Argonne is operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, for the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Dr. Hiro Furukawa (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) for providing DNA constructs for expression of GluN1 and GluN2A ABDs; Gina C. Bullard, Marlene E. Woldstad, and Cindee K. Yates-Hansen for excellent technical assistance; and Dr. Stephen R. Sprang (University of Montana) for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript. A.P. was supported by University of Milan Grant Piano di Sostegno alla Ricerca 2015/ 2017–Linea 2A. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants P20 GM103546 and R01 NS097536. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.",
pages = "E6942--E6951",
T1 - Structural basis of subunit selectivity for competitive NMDA receptor antagonists with preference for GluN2A over GluN2B subunits
AU - Lind, Genevieve E.
AU - Mou, Tung Chung
AU - Tamborini, Lucia
AU - Pomper, Martin G.
AU - De Micheli, Carlo
AU - Conti, Paola
AU - Pinto, Andrea
AU - Hansen, Kasper B.
N1 - Funding Information: We thank the staff at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory for excellent beamline support. Argonne is operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, for the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Dr. Hiro Furukawa (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) for providing DNA constructs for expression of GluN1 and GluN2A ABDs; Gina C. Bullard, Marlene E. Woldstad, and Cindee K. Yates-Hansen for excellent technical assistance; and Dr. Stephen R. Sprang (University of Montana) for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript. A.P. was supported by University of Milan Grant Piano di Sostegno alla Ricerca 2015/ 2017–Linea 2A. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants P20 GM103546 and R01 NS097536. Publisher Copyright: © 2017, National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
N2 - NMDA-type glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that contribute to excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Most NMDA receptors comprise two glycine-binding GluN1 and two glutamate-binding GluN2 subunits (GluN2A–D). We describe highly potent (S)-5-[(R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]-4,5-dihy-dro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (ACEPC) competitive GluN2 antagonists, of which ST3 has a binding affinity of 52 nM at GluN1/2A and 782 nM at GluN1/2B receptors. This 15-fold preference of ST3 for GluN1/2A over GluN1/2B is improved compared with NVP-AAM077, a widely used GluN2A-selective antagonist, which we show has 11-fold preference for GluN1/2A over GluN1/2B. Crystal structures of the GluN1/2A agonist binding domain (ABD) heterodimer with bound ACEPC antagonists reveal a binding mode in which the ligands occupy a cavity that extends toward the subunit interface between GluN1 and GluN2A ABDs. Mutational analyses show that the GluN2A preference of ST3 is primarily mediated by four nonconserved residues that are not directly contacting the ligand, but positioned within 12 Å of the glutamate binding site. Two of these residues influence the cavity occupied by ST3 in a manner that results in favorable binding to GluN2A, but occludes binding to GluN2B. Thus, we reveal opportunities for the design of subunit-selective competitive NMDA receptor antagonists by identifying a cavity for ligand binding in which variations exist between GluN2A and GluN2B subunits. This structural insight suggests that subunit selectivity of glutamate-site antagonists can be mediated by mechanisms in addition to direct contributions of contact residues to binding affinity.
AB - NMDA-type glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that contribute to excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Most NMDA receptors comprise two glycine-binding GluN1 and two glutamate-binding GluN2 subunits (GluN2A–D). We describe highly potent (S)-5-[(R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]-4,5-dihy-dro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (ACEPC) competitive GluN2 antagonists, of which ST3 has a binding affinity of 52 nM at GluN1/2A and 782 nM at GluN1/2B receptors. This 15-fold preference of ST3 for GluN1/2A over GluN1/2B is improved compared with NVP-AAM077, a widely used GluN2A-selective antagonist, which we show has 11-fold preference for GluN1/2A over GluN1/2B. Crystal structures of the GluN1/2A agonist binding domain (ABD) heterodimer with bound ACEPC antagonists reveal a binding mode in which the ligands occupy a cavity that extends toward the subunit interface between GluN1 and GluN2A ABDs. Mutational analyses show that the GluN2A preference of ST3 is primarily mediated by four nonconserved residues that are not directly contacting the ligand, but positioned within 12 Å of the glutamate binding site. Two of these residues influence the cavity occupied by ST3 in a manner that results in favorable binding to GluN2A, but occludes binding to GluN2B. Thus, we reveal opportunities for the design of subunit-selective competitive NMDA receptor antagonists by identifying a cavity for ligand binding in which variations exist between GluN2A and GluN2B subunits. This structural insight suggests that subunit selectivity of glutamate-site antagonists can be mediated by mechanisms in addition to direct contributions of contact residues to binding affinity.
KW - Kinetic modeling
KW - PEAQX
KW - Schild analysis
KW - Synaptic transmission
KW - X-ray crystallography
SP - E6942-E6951


text:
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text:
Un corró d'escalfament, o corró ciclista és un dispositiu d'entrenament en bicicleta que disposa d'un o més corrons, i que permet la pràctica del ciclisme en interiors, permetent a la roda posterior o a totes dues rodes moure's sense avançar. S'acostuma a utilitzar per a escalfar abans de les competicions o per a entrenar quan les condicions climàtiques impedixen eixir en bici a l'exterior. Els corrons de bicicleta són gairebé tan antics com ella mateixa. Charles Minthorn Murphy es va fotografiar pedalant amb un d'ells el 1901.

Existeixen diversos tipus de corrons per a bicicleta:

Corró de rutlles o d'equilibri
Funciona amb les dues rodes de la bicicleta i la seua principal característica és l'equilibri sobre la bicicleta. A diferència d'altres tipus de corrons de bicicleta, els de rutlles no s'unixen al quadre de la bicicleta i el ciclista ha d'equilibrar-se ell mateix als rodets durant l'entrenament. Els rodets del corró normalment consisteixen en tres cilindres, tambors o rodets (dos per a la roda posterior i un per a la davantera), damunt dels quals hi va la bicicleta. Una cinta connecta el corró mitjà amb el corró frontal, fent que la roda davantera de la bicicleta gire quan es pedala sobre la bicicleta. L'espai entre els corrons s'ajusta a la distància entre els eixos . Generalment, el corró frontal s'ajusta per estar lleugerament per davant de l'eix de la roda davantera.

Mantindre's al corró de rutlles
Mantindre l'equilibri a la bicicleta sense caure del corró és un repte més per al ciclista i requereix de més equilibri i atenció que en altre tipus de corró per a bicicleta. Alguns ciclistes creuen que aquesta major atenció a l'equilibri millora l'entrenament, mentre que altres ciclistes prefereixen entrenadors més estables. Els corredors també fan servir els corrons per a millorar el seu equilibri, una habilitat necessària per anar a rebuf i en pilot durant les curses.

Els ciclistes novells solen col·locar els corrons al passadís o en un marc de porta on hi ha una paret propera per a que faça de suport en cas de caiguda. L'eliminació dels objectes punxeguts i perillosos de la zona és imprescindible i sovint s'ha de portar un casc, encara que s'estiga a l'interior. Els principiants descobreixen ràpidament que és més fàcil mantenir l'equilibri centrant-se en un punt a uns quants metres endavant, en lloc de mirar directament cap a la roda davantera. A més, és més fàcil mantenir-se en els corrons amb un engranatge més alt quan les rodes giren més ràpidament. A més, l'usuari no té s'impulsa mentre es troba en el corró de rutlles, cosa que redueix dràsticament la possibilitat de lesions en cas de pèrdua de l'equilibri o caiguda. Lleis de moviment de Newton, Segona llei de Newton.

Construcció
Els corrons poden estar fets de fusta, aliatge d'alumini, o plàstic. L'aliatge d'alumini sol ser una bona opció perquè els corrons de plàstic solen doblegar-se i deformar-se de la seua forma cilíndrica després de l'ús. Alguns corrons també tenen una forma de cilindre còncav (parabòlic) per ajudar a mantenir el ciclista al centre dels corrons. El bastidor pot estar fabricat en acer soldat o alumini extruït. El marc pot plegar-se pel centre per emmagatzemar o transportar-lo.

Variacions
Els corrons estan disponibles en diferents amplades (de 10" a 18") i diàmetres (de 4,5" a 2,25" per a una major resistència). Alguns corrons de bicicleta utilitzen dos tambors o cilindres davanters en lloc d'un.

Es pot afegir resistència fent que els rodets de gir menegen algun mecanisme addicional com ara un ventilador. Alguns corrons tenen un volant d'inèrcia intern al cilindre posterior, el que imita la resistència del món real a l'acceleració contínua.

És possible extreure la roda davantera i muntar la forquilla davantera en un suport (normalment es ven per separat) per duplicar l'estabilitat d'altres aparells d'entrenament.

Alguns corrons situen el marc del corró dins d'una estructura externa perquè es puguen moure (lliscar) endavant i endarrere, cosa que permet simular una pedalada extrema des del sellí, com si pujara una costera. Unes bandes o molles elàstiques estan unides fermament a cada cantó del bastidor i estiren i subjecten el marc del corró a l'estructura. Una bicicleta a la carretera es pot moure cap a davant i cap a darrere respecte al ciclista i aquests rodets intenten emular aquest efecte.

Curses de corrons
Els corrons també es poden utilitzar per a fer curses de corrons (o Goldsprint si s'utilitzen bases per la forquilla). Es posen dues o més bicicletes sobre corrons uns al costat dels altres, els corrons estan connectats a un sistema de sincronització. Els sistemes de sincronització utilitzen electrònica moderna i projecció digital, o un rellotge analògic gran amb una mà per a cada ciclista que representa la distància recorreguda. Les curses de corrons van ser populars a la Gran Bretanya als anys 1950, sovint precedint pel·lícules de cinema o tenint lloc entre danses a les salons de ball. L'Associació Britànica d'Escoles de Ciclisme seguix la tradició de les veritables curses de corrons sense suport de forquilles i manté els BSCA National Competition Roller Records.

El 1993, la Century Road Club Association de la ciutat de Nova York va retirar els seus corrons vintage i el seu disc mecànic per uns Kreitler Rollers i un sistema informàtic que podia monitorar fins a sis participants alhora. Cada hivern es du a terme l'esdeveniment USA Cycling anomenat Iowa Roller Race Series que estableixen els campions de curses de corrons. Les proves utilitzen Kreitler Rollers i el programa DOS Roller Fusion, que va ser encarregat a la dècada de 1990 pel desaparegut Al Kreitler. En honor d'Al Kreitler, el promotor de les Iowa Roller Race Series, Greg Harper, va organitzar al 2011 Al Kreitler Memorial Killer 2-Mile Roller Races. (Per clarificar, Al Kreitler no va ser assassinat; el seu gos va ser anomenat "Killer").

Corrons per a ciclisme fixos o de cavallet
Aquest tipus de corrons són els més econòmics i més populars. La roda de darrere se connecta, mitjançant un sistema de bloqueig, a l'aparell. Els dos tipus bàsics són de fregament, que fan més soroll i donen una sensació de rodatge, i de fluid que són menys sorollosos.

Resistència magnètica
En els corrons de resistència magnètica, la bicicleta està subjecta per la roda del darrere a l'estructura del corró a través d'un cavallet, i un rodament controlat magnèticament regula la intensitat. Fan resistència a la pedalada a través d'un imants situats a prop de la roda d'inèrcia metàl·lica, que gira quan es pedala, a la unitat de resistència del corró, que pot regular-se per a modificar la intensitat de càrrega gràcies a un comandament que s'adapta al manillar.

Resistència de fluids o hidràulica
Son similars als anterior però la resistència es regula per un circuit de líquid o fluid, normalment oli, que té tendència a frenar la roda d'inèrcia que movem al pedalar. Són més silenciosos i donen una sensació més real de pedalada amb increments d'intensitat. No disposen de comandament de regulació d'intensitat, és el propi ciclista qui la regula mitjançant la pedalada, oferint una resistència més real. Els models més moderns disposen de pantalla electrònica de control.

També existeixen els corrons híbrids magnètic-fluids, i incorporen la palanca de regulació per a regular la resistència.

Transmissió directa o smart bikes
En aquest tipus de corró s'ha de retirar la roda de darrere per a encaixar la pròpia bicicleta a l'estructura del corró mitjançant la cadena de la bicicleta. Disposen de sensors que faciliten en temps real dades sobre l'activitat, alguns oferixen recorreguts virtuals per a entrenar. Tenen un sistema de resistència per fluids i proporcionen una sensació de resistència a la pedalada més realista i natural. El sistema és molt més silenciós que els anteriors i són els més difícils d'emmagatzemar, al no ser plegables.

S'anomena corró intel·ligent als corrons de fluid o transmissió directa que tenen l'opció de connectar-se mitjançant tecnologia wifi o bluetooth en combinació amb aplicacions de qualsevol dispositiu electrònic, permetent la interacció amb altres ciclistes, virtualitzacions d'entrenaments, etc. Són els que tenen un cost més elevat.

Vegeu també
 Bicicleta estàtica

Referències

Ciclisme