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Britain beyond lockdown: all change?Environment
Britain beyond lockdown: can UK become cleaner?
Currently redundant moored oil rigs and platforms at Invergordon on the Cromarty Firth in the Scottish Highlands. Photograph: Murdo MacLeod/The Guardian
As Covid-19 accelerates the shift towards renewable energy, Jonathan Watts hears how this change risks causing intergenerational injustice in Aberdeen
Jonathan Watts
@jonathanwatts
Thu 25 Jun 2020 07.31 EDT
Last modified on Wed 28 Oct 2020 07.57 EDT
Like many young people in Aberdeen, Mike Scotland dreamed of a well-paid job on a rig in the North Sea, in the oil and gas field that has made his home town a boom town for most of the past 40 years.
In February the 28-year-old landed the position he had wanted with Shell, and he was due to take a helicopter to the Shearwater platform in July once he had completed training.
"I don't think I have ever been as excited about anything in my life," he recalled. "All I ever wanted was to land a health and safety role on a rig. I really wanted to make a difference."
Then Covid-19 struck, oil prices crashed, new projects were cancelled and Scotland was laid off. He is now working as a team member at the KFC restaurant in the Haudagain retail park, where he earns the minimum wage.
"I earn in a week what I would have made in a day on the rig, but I can support my family and that is the main thing," said Scotland, whose fiancee is expecting their second child in July. "I appreciate I have a job. Many don't."
Mike Scotland was due to fly to an oil rig in July, but now works at a KFC in Aberdeen. Photograph: Murdo MacLeod/The Guardian
Intergenerational divide
Since the start of the crisis, thousands of workers have been laid off in Aberdeen, which is the centre of the oil and gas industry in Europe. The town was already struggling to recover from a sharp fall in crude prices five years ago, as well as increasing social pressure to rein back on fossil fuels that are destabilising the climate.
The pandemic looks likely to accelerate the shift towards renewable energy, but while this raises hopes for a greener future, it also throws up huge concerns about intergenerational injustice. Without government intervention, the young look set to take a double hit from the post-lockdown economic downturn and the energy transition.
Will the coronavirus kill the oil industry and help save the climate?
No age group is immune to the shift, but those closer to retirement are more likely to have a nest egg saved up from the golden era of North Sea oil.
Timothy Robinson, 62, a petroleum geologist, has decided to retire early as a result of the coronavirus downturn, which he believes is likely to choke the revival of the oil industry in Aberdeen
"I have almost 40 years of experience in energy and it is currently undergoing by far the most fundamental changes I have ever seen. The only growth areas I can see for it in Aberdeen are decommissioning old rigs and offshore wind energy," he said. "I would advise anyone who [is] entering the industry to focus on developing experience and expertise in areas that are CO2-neutral, because that is the future."
Timothy Robinson is a geologist who is retiring early as a result of the coronavirus downturn. Photograph: Murdo MacLeod/The Guardian
In terms of the economic fallout from Covid-19, Aberdeen is likely to be among the worst-affected cities in Britain. This is partly because it has so much to lose. The city has grown affluent thanks to its offshore expertise, which is in demand around the world. The population here are highly globalised, and many technicians and consultants fly off for several months of the year to do lucrative contract work on oil fields in Africa, South America or Asia.
It's a domino effect here as 'Aber-dream' turns to 'Aber-nightmare'
Nicola Gardiner
But a Guardian callout to readers about the impact of coronavirus revealed a huge number of job losses that some say are barely covered in the media.
Nicola Gardiner, an Aberdeen resident whose husband works in the oil and gas industry, explained how her once-prosperous home city had been affected. Chatting on wicker chairs in the spacious garden outside her traditional granite house, she said house prices had slumped, people were stuck in negative equity and there were no jobs. Efforts to diversify the local economy by attracting more tourists have been hit by delays to the £350m harbour development. Restaurants and hotels are empty.
"It's a domino effect here as 'Aber-dream' turns to 'Aber-nightmare'," she said. "There are bleak times ahead. That's what happens when an industry is dying and a pandemic arrives."
Nicola Gardiner, an Aberdeen resident whose husband works in the oil and gas industry. Photograph: Murdo MacLeod/The Guardian
A just transition
On the seafront, seagulls circle noisily over roads and beaches that are considerably emptier than those along the coastline south of the border. A helicopter buzzes overhead, taking workers out to oil and gas platforms in the North Sea, but the number of such flights is far lower than six months ago.
Andrew Duncan (not his real name) used to be a frequent passenger because he specialises in maintenance of drilling equipment. Last week he was laid off after more than five years' employment at a major oil service company.
He believes the Covid-19 crisis is being used by some firms as an excuse to accelerate restructuring plans. "I'm absolutely gutted. They went about it in an underhand, sneaky way," he said. "I was treated as if I was just another asset, like a piece of equipment."
He asked for his name to be changed because a public complaint could undermine his chances of getting a new job in the close-knit oil town, but he is seething at his experience.
Currently redundant moored oil rigs and platforms at Invergordon. Photograph: Murdo MacLeod/The Guardian
He is worried about how he can provide for his wife and child. "This is just the beginning. The oil industry faces a perfect storm of lockdown, low prices and climate change," he said.
Now he is applying for jobs in the wind turbine industry and oil rig decommissioning. "That is the future," he said. He is encouraged by the Scottish government's plans to support workers left adrift in the shift from fossil fuels to renewables. "If they could help me with training as a wind turbine technician, that would give me an extra chance."
The Scottish government has gone further than the rest of the UK in preparing its economy and workforce for a shift to renewables. Rachel McEwen is part of the Just Transition commission, which has been advising the Scottish government on ways to shift from high-carbon to low-carbon industry with minimum social disruption. "The opportunities for injustice are endless. We must think where bad things will happen and get ahead of them," she said.
She is also chief sustainability officer in one of Scotland's leading companies, SSE, which last month announced a £3bn investment in a new windfarm off the Angus coast, just south of Aberdeen. The 1,075MW facility will be the country's biggest ever privately funded project.
McEwen said the numbers would mean little unless there was a positive social impact. "Companies like us have pinned our whole being on finding profitable solutions to climate change. If that transition is unfair, you delegitimise it. So we have an interest in ensuring it is done in a thoughtful and just way."
Balmedie beach at sunrise. Photograph: Dan Tucker/Alamy Stock Photo
The potential for wind energy is evident at the Balmedie sand dunes, a short drive outside town. Gusts off the North Sea billow through the marram grass, allow kite-surfers to soar above the breakers and spin the giant turbine blades of a windfarm that sits a short distance away from the coastline. Locals joke that these giant structures were built as close as possible to the Trump golf course to infuriate the US president. But they are part of a broader trend. Aberdeenshire is said to be the largest windfarm in Europe in terms of the number of on- and offshore turbines. This is a major reason why wind is now the cheapest form of energy in the UK and has provided a substantial portion of our electricity during lockdown.
'Expect the worst and hope for the best'
Colette Cohen, the chief executiveof the Oil and Gas Technology Centre in Aberdeen, is optimistic there will be more support for energy transition in Scotland.
"From industry perspective and from government connections, I would say the only recovery is a green recovery. A lot of people have seen a better world and want a change," she said. "It's very exciting. It's an amazing time to be involved in energy and technology."
Among the likely future developments are more offshore wind in the West Shetlands and the UK's first hydrogen plant, which is expected within two years.
But she warned there was likely to be a dip for between 18 months to three years, as the investment shifted direction. "That is the difficult time. That's the worry. It is hard to see how we will navigate that effectively."
One element will be managing a generational shift: as boom-era oil workers retire and old rigs are decommissioned, opportunities for the young may be hard to find. Coronavirus has made that challenge even harder because it has shut down the service sector.
The sun rises by a redundant oil platform moored off Kirkcaldy. Photograph: Murdo MacLeod/The Guardian
This week Scotland's advisory group of economic recovery recommended that the government provide a two-year job lifeline and training scheme for young people as part of £6bn in stimulus spending. "If we don't intervene radically to transform our economy, inequalities will drastically widen, with long-term scarring for communities across the country and for our young people in particular," said the chair of the group, Benny Higgins.
It is a sensible step in keeping with Scotland's more cautious – and successful – approach to dealing with the virus itself. The country, which continues with tighter lockdown restrictions than England, has fewer cases relative to its population and a faster falling rate of infections.
This prudent approach of acknowledging risk and alleviating adversity may explain why even the worst-affected workers find reasons for hope. Mike Scotland said he was throwing himself full-hearted into his new job at KFC, as well as continuing work on the mental health and environmental charities he founded.
"I get it when people say they are having a bad time, but that is not an excuse to give up. I am looking at this as a life lesson, a step outside my comfort zone," he said. In the long run, he said, he believed his generation would get more opportunities because they were more familiar with technology and more open to new ideas than those who had come before them.
"I think there are a lot of people who want to change and are ready to change. But others who are not ready. I guess Covid could speed it up. People have had more time to be at home and to think," he said. "We have to expect the worst and hope for the best."
Britain beyond lockdown: all change?


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Q: Calculating Pearson correlation I'm trying to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient of two variables. These variables are to determine if there is a relationship between number of postal codes to a range of distances. So I want to see if the number of postal codes increases/decreases as the distance ranges changes.
I'll have one list which will count the number of postal codes within a distance range and the other list will have the actual ranges.
Is it ok to have a list that contain a range of distances? Or would it be better to have a list like this [50, 100, 500, 1000] where each element would then contain ranges up that amount. So for example the list represents up to 50km, then from 50km to 100km and so on.

A: You can also use numpy:
numpy.corrcoef(x, y)

which would give you a correlation matrix that looks like:
[[1          correlation(x, y)]
[correlation(y, x)          1]]

A: Use scipy :
scipy.stats.pearsonr(x, y)

Calculates a Pearson correlation coefficient and the p-value for testing non-correlation.
The Pearson correlation coefficient measures the linear relationship between two datasets. Strictly speaking, Pearson's correlation requires that each dataset be normally distributed. Like other correlation coefficients, this one varies between -1 and +1 with 0 implying no correlation. Correlations of -1 or +1 imply an exact linear relationship. Positive correlations imply that as x increases, so does y. Negative correlations imply that as x increases, y decreases.
The p-value roughly indicates the probability of an uncorrelated system producing datasets that have a Pearson correlation at least as extreme as the one computed from these datasets. The p-values are not entirely reliable but are probably reasonable for datasets larger than 500 or so.
Parameters :

x : 1D array
y : 1D array the same length as x

Returns :

(Pearson's correlation coefficient, :
    2-tailed p-value)

A: try this:
 val=Top15[['Energy Supply per Capita','Citable docs per Capita']].rank().corr(method='pearson')

A: In Python 3.10 correlation() function was added to the statistics module of the Python standard library, it can be directly used by importing the statistics module:
import statistics

statistics.correlation(words, views)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


SOUTH AFRICA: Has Anyone Hunted With Frontier Safaris?
Discussion in 'Hunting Reports Africa' started by Timber69, Feb 10, 2019.
Has anyone here hunted with Frontier Safaris? Did you hunt Fallow deer or see them on the property? I have booked a hunt with them for April 2020 and have a fallow deer tag, as well as, others. I wonder the size and quality of the deer. Pics would be great if you have them.
Adrian and BRICKBURN like this.
Contact them for references from last year and you should be good.
Remember the old saying? Where there is smoke there is fire. Why anyone would book with someone who MIGHT have problems is beside me. There are hundreds of different outfitters to book with. Do your homework. No use in taking a chance. Too many good ones out there.
Thanks. Look forward to more comments to come.
Yes thanks did see that on the site.
My question was. Has anyone hunted fallow deer with Frontier in SA? Or seen them on the property and what quality were they?


text:
Home > Articles > Business & Management
Introduction to CERT Resilience Management Model (RMM):A Maturity Model for Managing Operational Resilience
By Richard A. Caralli, Julia H. Allen, David C. White
1.1 The Influence of Process Improvement and Capability Maturity Models
1.2 The Evolution of CERT-RMM
1.3 CERT-RMM and CMMI Models
1.4 Why CERT-RMM Is Not a Capability Maturity Model
< Back Page 2 of 4 Next >
CERT Resilience Management Model (CERT-RMM): A Maturity Model for Managing Operational Resilience
The CERT Resilience Management Model is the result of an evolutionary development path that incorporates concepts from other CERT tools, techniques, methods, and activities.
In 1999, CERT officially released the Operationally Critical Threat, Asset, and Vulnerability Evaluation (OCTAVE) method for information security risk management. OCTAVE provided a new way to look at information security risk from an operational perspective and asserted that business people are in the best position to identify and analyze security risk. This effectively repositioned IT's role in security risk assessment and placed the responsibility closer to the operations activity in the organization [Alberts 1999].
In October 2003, a group of 20 IT and security professionals from financial, IT, and security services, defense organizations, and the SEI met at the SEI to begin to build an executive-level community of practice for IT operations and security. The desired outcome for this Best in Class Security and Operations Roundtable (BIC-SORT) was to better capture and articulate the relevant bodies of knowledge that enable and accelerate IT operational and security process improvement. The bodies of knowledge identified included IT and information security governance, audit, risk management, IT operations, security, project management, and process management (including benchmarking), as depicted in Figure 1.2.
Figure 1.2 Bodies of Knowledge Related to Security Process Improvement
In Figure 1.2, the upper four capabilities (white text) include processes that provide oversight and top-level management. Governance and audit serve as enablers and accelerators. Risk management informs decisions and choices. Strategy serves as the explicit link to business drivers to ensure that value is being delivered. The lower four capabilities (black text) include processes that provide detailed management and execution in accordance with the policies, procedures, and guidelines established by higher-level management. We observed that these capabilities were all connected in high-performing IT operations and security organizations.
Workshop topics and results included defining what it means to be best in class, areas of pain and promise (potential solutions), how to use improvement frameworks and models in this domain, the applicability of Six Sigma, and emerging frameworks for enterprise security management (precursors of CERT-RMM) [Allen 2004].
In December 2004, CERT released a technical note entitled Managing for Enterprise Security that described security as a process reliant on many organizational capabilities. In essence, the security challenge was characterized as a business problem owned by everyone in the organization, not just IT [Caralli 2004]. This technical note also introduced operational resilience as the objective of security activities and began to describe the convergence between security management, business continuity management, and IT operations management as essential for managing operational risk.
In March 2005, CERT hosted a meeting with representatives of the Financial Services Technology Consortium (FSTC).1 At the time of this meeting, FSTC's Business Continuity Standing Committee was actively organizing a project to explore the development of a reference model to measure and manage operational resilience capability. Although our approaches to operational resilience had different starting points (security versus business continuity), our efforts were clearly focused on solving the same problem: How can an organization predictably and systematically control operational resilience through activities such as security and business continuity?
In April 2006, CERT introduced the concept of a process improvement model for operational resilience in the technical report Sustaining Operational Resiliency: A Process Improvement Approach to Security Management [Caralli 2006]. This technical report defined fundamental resilience and process improvement concepts and detailed candidate focus areas (called "capability areas") that could be included in an eventual model. This document was the foundation for developing the first instantiation of the model.
In May 2007, as a result of work with FSTC, CERT published an initial framework for managing operational resilience in the technical report Introducing the CERT Resiliency Engineering Framework: Improving the Security and Sustainability Processes [Caralli 2007]. In this document, the initial outline for a process improvement model for managing operational resilience was published.
In March 2008, a preview version of a process improvement model for managing operational resilience was released by CERT under the title CERT Resiliency Engineering Framework, v0.95R [REF Team 2008a]. This model included an articulation of 21 "capability areas" that described high-level processes and practices for managing operational resilience and, more significantly, provided an initial set of elaborated generic goals and practices that defined capability levels for each capability area.
In early 2009, the name of the model was changed to the CERT Resilience Management Model to reflect the managerial nature of the processes and to properly position the "engineering" aspects of the model. Common CMMI-related taxonomy was applied (including the use of the term process areas), and generic goals and practices were expanded with more specific elaborations in each process area. CERT began releasing CERT-RMM process areas individually in 2009, leading up to the "official" release of v1.0 of the model in a technical report published in 2010. The model continues to be available by process area at www.cert.org/resilience.
The publication of this book marks the official release of CERT-RMM v1.1. Version 1.1 includes minor changes to process areas resulting from field use and piloting of the model. In addition, version 1.1 introduces the concept of the operational resilience management system, which broadly defines the organization's collective capability and mechanism for managing operational resilience. More about the operational resilience management system can be found in Section 2.2.
CERT-RMM
CERT-RMM draws upon and is influenced by many bodies of knowledge and models. Figure 1.3 illustrates these relationships. (See Tables 1.1 and 1.2 for details about the connections between CERT-RMM and CMMI models.)
Figure 1.3 CERT-RMM Influences
Table 1.1. Process Areas in CERT-RMM and CMMI Models
CMMI Models Process Areas
Equivalent CERT-RMM Process Areas
CAM—Capacity and Availability Management
(CMMI-SVC only)
TM—Technology Management
CERT-RMM addresses capacity management from the perspective of technology assets. It does not address the capacity of services.
Availability management is a central theme of CERT-RMM, significantly expanded from CMMI-SVC. Service availability is addressed in CERT-RMM by managing the availability requirement for people, information, technology, and facilities. Thus, the process areas that drive availability management include
RRD—Resilience Requirements Development (where availability requirements are established)
RRM—Resilience Requirements Management (where the life cycle of availability requirements is managed)
EC—Environmental Control (where the availability requirements for facilities are implemented and managed)
KIM—Knowledge and Information Management (where the availability requirements for information are implemented and managed)
PM—People Management (where the availability requirements for people are implemented and managed)
TM—Technology Management (where the availability requirements for software, systems, and other technology assets are implemented and managed)
IRP—Incident Resolution and Prevention
IMC—Incident Management and Control
In CERT-RMM, IMC expands IRP to address a broader incident management system and incident life cycle at the asset level. Workarounds in IRP are expanded in CERT-RMM to address incident response practices.
MA—Measurement and Analysis
MA—Measurement and Analysis is carried over intact from CMMI.
In CERT-RMM, MA is directly connected to MON—Monitoring, which explicitly addresses data collection that can be used for MA activities.
OPD—Organizational Process Definition
OPD—Organizational Process Definition is carried over from CMMI, but development-life-cycle–related activities and examples are deemphasized or eliminated.
OPF—Organizational Process Focus
OPF—Organizational Process Focus is carried over intact from CMMI.
OT—Organizational Training
OTA—Organizational Training and Awareness
OT is expanded to include awareness activities in OTA.
REQM—Requirements Management
RRM—Resilience Requirements Management
Basic elements of REQM are included in RRM, but the focus is on managing the resilience requirements for assets and services, regardless of where they are in their development cycle.
RD—Requirements Development
RRD—Resilience Requirements Development
Basic elements of RD are included in RRM, but practices differ substantially.
RSKM—Risk Management
RISK—Risk Management
Basic elements of RSKM are reflected in RISK, but the focus is on operational risk management activities and the enterprise risk management capabilities of the organization.
SAM—Supplier Agreement Management
EXD—External Dependencies Management
In CERT-RMM, SAM is expanded to address all external dependencies, not only suppliers. EXD practices differ substantially.
SCON—Service Continuity
SC—Service Continuity
In CERT-RMM, SC is positioned as an operational risk management activity that addresses what is required to sustain assets and services balanced with preventive controls and strategies (as defined in CTRL).
TS—Technical Solution
RTSE—Resilient Technical Solution Engineering
RTSE uses TS as the basis for conveying the consideration of resilience attributes as part of the technical solution.
Table 1.2. Other Connections Between CERT-RMM and the CMMI Models
Generic goals and practices
The generic goals and practices have been adapted mostly intact from CMMI. Slight modifications have been made as follows:
The numbering scheme used in CERT-RMM uses GG.GP notation. For example, GG1.GP2 is generic goal 1, generic practice 2.
Generic practice 2.1 in CMMI focuses on policy, but in CERT-RMM it is expanded to address governance, with policy as an element.
Generic practice 2.6 in CMMI is "Manage Configurations," but in CERT-RMM it is clarified to explicitly focus on "work product" configurations to avoid confusion with traditional configuration management activities as defined in IT operations.
Continuous representation
CERT-RMM adopts the continuous representation concept from CMMI intact.
Capability levels
CERT-RMM defines four capability levels up to capability level 3—"defined." Definitions of capability levels in CMMI are carried over for CERT-RMM.
The CERT-RMM capability appraisal process uses many of the elements of the SCAMPI process. The "project" concept in CMMI is implemented in CERT-RMM as an "organizational unit." CERT-RMM capability appraisals have constructs inherited from SCAMPI. See Section 6.4.1 for the use of SCAMPI in CERT-RMM capability appraisals.
At the descriptive level of the model, the process areas in CERT-RMM have been either developed specifically for the model or sourced from existing CMMI models and modified to be used in the context of operational resilience management. CERT-RMM also draws upon concepts and codes of practice from other security, business continuity, and IT operations models, particularly at the typical work products and subpractices level. This allows users of these codes of practice to incorporate model-based process improvement without significantly altering their installed base of practices. The CERT Resiliency Engineering Framework: Code of Practice Crosswalk, Preview Version, v0.95R [REF Team 2008b] details the relationships between common codes of practice and the specific practices in the CERT-RMM process areas. The Crosswalk is periodically updated to incorporate new and updated codes of practice as necessary. The Crosswalk can be found at www.cert.org/resilience.
Familiarity with common codes of practice or CMMI models is not required to comprehend or use CERT-RMM. However, familiarity with these practices and models will aid in understanding and adoption.
As a descriptive model, CERT-RMM focuses at the process description level but doesn't necessarily address how an organization would achieve the intent and purpose of the description through deployed practices. However, the subpractices contained in each CERT-RMM process area describe actions that an organization might take to implement a process, and these subpractices can be directly linked to one or more tactical practices used by the organization. Thus, the range of material in each CERT-RMM process area spans from highly descriptive processes to more prescriptive subpractices.
In terms of scope, CERT-RMM covers the activities required to establish, deliver, and manage operational resilience activities in order to ensure the resilience of services. A resilient service is one that can meet its mission whenever necessary, even under degraded circumstances. Services are broadly defined in CERT-RMM. At a simple level, a service is a helpful activity that brings about some intended result. People and technology can perform services; for example, people can deliver mail, and so can an email application. A service can also produce a tangible product.
From an organizational perspective, services can provide internal benefits (such as paying employees) or have an external focus (such as delivering newspapers). Any service in the organization that is of value to meeting the organization's mission should be made resilient.
Services rely on assets to achieve their missions. In CERT-RMM, assets are limited to people, information, technology, and facilities. A service that produces a product may also rely on raw materials, but these assets are outside of the immediate scope of CERT-RMM. However, the use of CERT-RMM in a production environment is not precluded, since people, information, technology, and facilities are a critical part of delivering a product, and their operational resilience can be managed through the practices in CERT-RMM.
CERT-RMM does not cover the activities required to establish, deliver, and manage services. In other words, CERT-RMM does not address the development of a service from requirements or the establishment of a service management system. These activities are covered in the CMMI for Services model (CMMI-SVC) [CMMI Product Team 2009]. However, to the extent that the "management" of the service requires a strong resilience consideration, CERT-RMM can be used with CMMI-SVC to extend the definition of high-quality service delivery to include resilience as an attribute of quality.
CERT-RMM contains practices that cover enterprise management, resilience engineering, operations management, process management, and other supporting processes for ensuring active management of operational resilience. The "enterprise" orientation of CERT-RMM does not mean that it is an enterprise-focused model or that it must be adopted at an enterprise level; on the contrary, CERT-RMM is focused on the operations level of the organization, where services are typically executed. Enterprise aspects of CERT-RMM describe how horizontal functions of the organization, such as managing people, training, financial resource management, and risk management, affect operations. For example, if an organization is generally poor at risk management, the effects typically manifest at an operational level in poor risk identification, prioritization, and mitigation, misalignment with risk appetite and tolerances, and diminished service resilience.
CERT-RMM was developed to be scalable across various industries, regardless of their size. Every organization has an operational component and executes services that require a degree of operational resilience commensurate with achieving the mission. Although CERT-RMM was constructed in the financial services industry, it is already being piloted and used in other industrial sectors and government organizations, both large and small.
Finally, understanding the process improvement focus of CERT-RMM can be tricky. An example from software engineering is a useful place to start. In the CMMI for Development model (CMMI-DEV), the focus of improvement is software engineering activities performed by a "project" [CMMI Product Team 2006]. In CERT-RMM, the focus of improvement is operational resilience management activities to achieve service resilience as performed by an "organizational unit." This concept can become quite recursive (but no less effective) if the "organizational unit" happens to be a unit of the organization that has primary responsibility for operational resilience management "services," such as the information security department or a business continuity team. In this context, the operational resilience management activities are also the services of the organizational unit.
Leading Holistic Improvement with Lean Six Sigma 2.0, 2nd Edition
By Ron D. Snee, Roger Hoerl
IT as a Service (ITaaS) Framework, The: Transform to an End-to-End Services Organization and Operate IT like a Competitive Business
By Justin Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This kayak gel cushion has a breathable mesh top that circulates air under the paddler. It is lightweight, has a low profile and is waterproof. The SKWOOSH™ secret is its medically proven fluidized gel technology that relieves pressure on the "sitz" bones and eliminates numbness. The unique design features a low mesh top fabric for cooler paddling and a super non-skid bottom that keeps the pad from moving even in wet conditions. It fits most kayaks and adds tons of cool comfort when used on factory seats.
Air-Flo has a three dimensional structure that allows it to circulate air, breath and control moisture. This high-tech fabric plays a major role in comfort by controlling temperature and managing moisture. It is durable, lightweight, and washable.


Healthier meals tend to cost on average about $1-2 more per serving. For example, a meal like Chinese Chicken Salad is slightly more expensive but also healthier than Corn Dogs, which are cheap and unhealthy. Kale Salad and Falafel are the best bargains in our sample while Mac & Cheese and Cheeseburgers are the biggest nutritional rip-offs, offering comparatively few nutrients per dollar.


To calculate the area of a rectangle, multiply the length of the rectangle by its width. You need to know the length and width of the rectangle. A ruler, a pen, a paper and a divider are helpful in completing this task.
Stretch the divider, and measure the length of the rectangle in question. Use several strokes if the length is bigger than the stretch of the divider. Transfer the divider to the ruler, and read the measurement. Make sure not to tamper with the stretch of the divider during the transfer to avoid an inaccurate measurement. The value you get is the length of the rectangle in question. Use the same procedure to get the value of the width.
Using a pen and a paper, record the measurements of the length and the width. You can verify the measurements by repeating the measurement procedure.
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Search for Area Calculator Rectangle on AnswerSite.


text:
Constructing Confidence: Project H Transforms Kids Into Makers
Learn how Project H inspires kids to build, make, and construct projects, including new "tiny houses," and make huge changes in lives and communities.
Education - May 14 2015 - 6 min read
Courtesy Project H
At least once in life, everyone has an aha moment during which they realize for the first time their place in the world. All of a sudden, there it is.
Architect-turned-educator Emily Pilloton remembers hers perfectly. She was 16 years old, spending her summer on a voluntourism trip in Belize. At the top of a tall ladder in a tiny town, slathered in sweat and cement, she saw her purpose clearly.
"I was there with people I'd never met before, and we had to figure out together in an analogue medium how to build something monumental," recalls Pilloton, who was part of a 20-student crew that built a community park for its host village, the centerpiece of which was a large gazebo for community events. "There's a photo of me from that summer standing on a big ladder, covered in wet concrete, 15 feet above the ground. I remember feeling big. I realized that summer that there's a lot of power in the act of building, and in the artifacts it leaves behind."
Growing up, she spent much of her time outside building forts and tree houses, fascinated by the process of turning "nothing" into "something." Her favorite toy was a Quadro construction kit. Still, it was the seed planted in Belize that ultimately sprouted Project H, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that teaches design/build skills to youth from its home base at REALM Charter School in Berkeley, CA.
"Project H is an organization whose programs are geared at empowering people to see the difference they can make in both their community and their personal lives through project-based experiences and learning," explains Rebecca Seward, program manager of Studio H, one of four Project H programs. "We give kids an opportunity to take a break from day-to-day academia and be part of something that teaches them to both think and step outside the box."
Shop Class Lessons for Success
Pilloton's path has been more spiraled than straight—apropos, since Project H preaches discovery. After studying architecture at UC Berkeley, Pilloton earned a master's degree at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and began creating her own thesis around what architecture could be beyond the traditional practice of working in a firm.
Unfortunately, her thesis was just that. "Like most people, I had an enormous amount of student loan debt, so I ended up following a traditional path for a few years, working for different architecture firms," Pilloton continues. "Then, suddenly, I'd had enough. Almost overnight I woke up and said, 'This isn't why I fell in love with architecture. I'm not learning anything. I don't feel like my work is connected to real people, and I certainly don't feel like I'm solving any pressing, important problems.' I needed to do something different."
That same year, 2008, she co-founded Project H with fellow activist-architect Matthew Miller.
"Project H was born out of a frustration I had with my own practice. I wanted to figure out how to use a skillset I felt was really valuable, but in a much more socially oriented, meaningful way," Pilloton explains. "I felt in my bones that my work could matter more, so I set out to discover what that might look like."
Initially, it looked a lot like Belize: mobilizing volunteers to build small community-based projects in overseas countries. When that didn't work, however, Project H answered a plea from Bertie County, NC.
"The school district there was the poorest-performing district in the state, and it was about to be shut down. In 2010, the superintendent asked us to come and look at the systems and spaces the district had in place and think about what could be done differently," says Pilloton, who spent the next two and a half years in North Carolina's most impoverished county, where she established Studio H, an in-school shop class operated by Project H.
Shop class, she hypothesized, would teach local high school students to rebuild their community—literally and figuratively—with design/build projects like the Windsor Super Market, a 2,000-square-foot covered farmers' market conceived to jump-start the local economy.
As it turns out, she was onto something: A 2007 study by California's Little Hoover Commission found that students who participate in vocational and shop programs stay in school longer than their peers, graduate from high school at higher rates, pass the state's high school exit exam in greater numbers, and are more likely to pursue post-secondary education.
"There's proof that this type of learning works," Pilloton says. "It can completely turn things around for students who have been kicked out of their previous school, or who have a severe special education need. Beyond that, it can change the culture of a school—and, consequently, the culture of a community."
Making Makers
The "H" in Project H stands for the organization's core values: Humanity, Habitats, Health, Happiness, Heart, and Hands. In its present iteration at the REALM Charter School in Berkeley, the organization comprises four programs. Its largest, Studio H, currently enrolls 275 6th-through-12th-grade students, most of who are from disadvantaged communities in nearby Oakland and Richmond. In addition to learning tangible skills like hammering, cutting, measuring, and modeling, students each year engage in a capstone design/build project.
This year's project is a pair of "tiny homes." Approximately 7 feet by 16 feet, they were designed using Revit and AutoCAD, then built on trailers. Upon completion in June 2015, one of the homes will be donated to a transitional housing organization that provides shelter and job training to homeless in Eugene, Ore. The other will be auctioned off to raise funds for future Studio H projects, which are supported by a mix of grants, public funding, corporate sponsorships, and in-kind donations.
"Through projects like this we're able to provide not only very tactical, skills-based learning, but also engagement in bigger issues going on in the world around them, like affordable housing," Seward explains.
"We're not looking to fortify the ranks of the construction or design industry, although it's fantastic if we do," adds Studio H high school instructor Thomas Gardner. "It's really more about building capacity, confidence and agency in whatever they're intending to do. In some ways, it's about cultivating desire; we just want them to care about something—whether it's tennis shoes or tiny houses."
Nearly completed tiny homes constructed by Project H students. Courtesy Project H.
In addition to Studio H, Project H also runs a consulting program for schools, governments, and corporations; Workshop H, which offers design/build workshops to adult community members; and Camp H, an afterschool program and summer camp for young girls.
"Camp H is a camp for 9- to 12-year-old girls who learn welding, masonry, carpentry, drafting—everything we teach in our Studio H class, but in a girls-specific context," Pilloton says. "It came out of me remembering what it was like to be that girl who didn't fit in, who loved building tree houses, and who wanted to make sense of everything. This year's summer camp sold out in 20 minutes and has a waiting list that's 85 girls long. It's been a huge success."
Its success isn't surprising, given the scope of the Maker Movement, which in 2014 included 131 Maker Faires attracting an estimated 781,000 attendees worldwide. What makes Project H notable, however, isn't its participation in the Maker Movement; it's that it democratizes it.
"Our impact is bigger than the houses we're building or the kids in our class; it's changing the conversation around the Maker Movement to include what we're teaching in schools, which kids have access to maker spaces, and how we can create more equity across race, class, and gender," Pilloton concludes. "It's an important conversation, and I feel a huge responsibility to make sure we have it."
#Makers
For Architects, LEED AP Certification Opens the Gate to Greener Opportunities
Powering the Future With Data: 5 Highlights From Autodesk University 2021
How Machine Learning in Architecture Is Liberating the Role of the Designer
by Wasim Muklashy
Architect Sou Fujimoto Has Radical Ideas for Familiar Communal Spaces
by Keiko Kusano
5 Ways Architects and Postdigital Artisans Are Modernizing Craftsmanship


Aparna garu I read developing devotion… and I cried after reading.
Meaning states : seven husbands whereas Druapadi has five husbands.
I hope this can be edited and re-published.
Hi, How can I reach Swami Tattvavidananda ji , can you share address or contact number.
Namaste. Kindly send your request to tensriram@gmail.com.


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text:
The 19th Amendment, guaranteeing women the right to vote, is formally adopted into the U.S. Constitution by proclamation of Secretary of State Bainbridge Colby. The amendment was the culmination of more than 70 years of struggle by woman suffragists. Its two sections read simply: "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex" and "Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."
America's woman suffrage movement was founded in the mid 19th century by women who had become politically active through their work in the abolitionist and temperance movements. In July 1848, 200 woman suffragists, organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, met in Seneca Falls, New York, to discuss women's rights. After approving measures asserting the right of women to educational and employment opportunities, they passed a resolution that declared "it is the duty of the women of this country to secure to themselves their sacred right to the elective franchise." For proclaiming a women's right to vote, the Seneca Falls Convention was subjected to public ridicule, and some backers of women's rights withdrew their support. However, the resolution marked the beginning of the woman suffrage movement in America.
The first national woman's rights convention was held in 1850 and then repeated annually, providing an important focus for the growing woman suffrage movement. In the Reconstruction era, the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was adopted, granting African American men the right to vote, but Congress declined to expand enfranchisement into the sphere of gender. In 1869, the National Woman Suffrage Association was founded by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton to push for a woman suffrage amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Another organization, the American Woman Suffrage Association, led by Lucy Stone, was formed in the same year to work through the state legislatures. In 1890, these two groups were united as the National American Woman Suffrage Association. That year, Wyoming became the first state to grant women the right to vote.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the role of women in American society was changing drastically: Women were working more, receiving a better education, bearing fewer children, and three more states (Colorado, Utah, and Idaho) had yielded to the demand for female enfranchisement. In 1916, the National Woman's Party (formed in 1913 at the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage) decided to adopt a more radical approach to woman suffrage. Instead of questionnaires and lobbying, its members picketed the White House, marched, and staged acts of civil disobedience.
In 1917, America entered World War I, and women aided the war effort in various capacities that helped break down most of the remaining opposition to woman suffrage. By 1918, women had acquired equal suffrage with men in 15 states, and both the Democratic and Republican parties openly endorsed female enfranchisement.
In January 1918, the woman suffrage amendment passed the House of Representatives with the necessary two-thirds majority vote. In June 1919, it was approved by the Senate and sent to the states for ratification. Campaigns were waged by suffragists around the country to secure ratification, and on August 18, 1920, Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the amendment, giving it the two-thirds majority of state ratification necessary to make it the law of the land.
The package containing the certified record of the action of the Tennessee legislature was sent by train to the nation's capital, arriving in the early hours of August 26. At 8 a.m. that morning, Secretary of State Bainbridge Colby signed it without ceremony at his residence in Washington. None of the leaders of the woman suffrage movement were present when the proclamation was signed, and no photographers or film cameras recorded the event. That afternoon, Carrie Chapman Catt, head of the National American Suffrage Association, was received at the White House by President Woodrow Wilson and Edith Wilson, the first lady.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/19th-amendment-adopted
"Preppy Murder" stuns New York
On this day in 1986, 18-year-old Jennifer Levin is found dead in New York City's Central Park less than two hours after she was seen leaving a bar on the city's Upper East Side with 19-year-old Robert Chambers. The tall, handsome Chambers was soon arrested and charged with ...read more
Battle of Crecy
During the Hundred Years War, King Edward III's English army annihilates a French force under King Philip VI at the Battle of Crecy in Normandy. The battle, which saw an early use of the deadly longbow by the English, is regarded as one of the most decisive in history. On July ...read more
Democratic convention besieged by protesters
As the Democratic National Convention gets underway in Chicago, thousands of antiwar demonstrators take to Chicago's streets to protest the Vietnam War and its support by the top Democratic presidential candidate, Vice President Hubert Humphrey. During the four-day convention, ...read more
First televised Major League baseball game
On this day in 1939, the first televised Major League baseball game is broadcast on station W2XBS, the station that was to become WNBC-TV. Announcer Red Barber called the game between the Cincinnati Reds and the Brooklyn Dodgers at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn, New York. At the time, ...read more
Johnson receives Democratic nomination for president
Lyndon B. Johnson is nominated to run for the presidency at the Democratic National Convention in Atlantic City, New Jersey. His running mate would be Hubert H. Humphrey. Former Vice President Johnson had assumed the reigns of government in November 1963 when President John F. ...read more
George Washington writes to Henry Lee
On this day in 1794, President George Washington writes to Henry "Light Horse Harry" Lee, Virginia's governor and a former general, regarding the Whiskey Rebellion, an insurrection that was the first great test of Washington's authority as president of the United States. In the ...read more
Grease movie soundtrack earns its second #1 hit
The 1960s was the final decade in which the musical hits of Broadway were routinely and successfully adapted by Hollywood into big-budget screen versions. West Side Story (1961), My Fair Lady (1964), The Sound Of Music (1965), Funny Girl (1968)—all of these movie musicals were ...read more
Russia tests an intercontinental ballistic missile
The Soviet Union announces that it has successfully tested an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) capable of being fired "into any part of the world." The announcement caused great concern in the United States, and started a national debate over the "missile gap" between ...read more
Battle of Tannenberg begins
On August 26, 1914, the German 8th Army, under the leadership of Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff, strikes with lethal force against the advancing Russian 2nd Army, led by General Aleksandr Samsonov, in East Prussia during the opening weeks of the First World War. In the ...read more


Whether you're a Talent Acquisition Manager, VP of Culture, or HR generalist, chances are…you have had plenty of interactions with engineers, product managers, and other technical experts at your organization.
There are many misleading myths about their work. What are female technical recruits looking for? Which industries should companies invest in to grow their technical teams? Why are product managers indispensable?
Enjoy this weekly collection of new reads on deciphering the world of product and engineering.
Understanding the differences between engineering and product managers Jinx! The first news tidbit here is a video. The terms, engineering and product manager, are used interchangeably and often incorrectly. Watch an IBM PM outline the technical and conceptual dissimilarities between the roles (and how they both unite teams with their projects and strategies).
Investing in industries to grow a technical team: Goldman Sachs made a costly investment in a video game company to concentrate its technical hiring needs on engineering and product managers with a particular flair for creativity and design. This investment is being made with hopes of improving the behemoth's data analytics and communication services to its users.
Product managers are essential (and don't confuse them with engineers) Product managers are becoming increasingly invaluable to a business's vitality and growth. Although the case can be made that product managers have less urgent tasks than other technical roles, they provide instrumental support to testing and process improvement that cannot be replaced.
Water-cooler talk with your team's product managers on the best & worst products of 2018 Need something to discuss with your product managers in the break room? Check out some 2018 products that are exciting (and frustrating) product experts.
Why tech companies are failing to engage female engineering recruits Many companies are unknowingly committing major recruiting sins when dealing with female engineers. Common ones include all-male interviewing teams, unclear messaging on professional development, and exclusive, chauvinistic language by speakers at recruiting events.
Hope these reads clarify some common misconceptions about technical experts' needs and interests! Feel free to pester me with any event-related questions and connect with Uncubed via your preferred social medium!
P.S. News flash: Unless you've been living under a rock for the past week, you must have seen that Uber released a panic button feature for its customers. Beyond providing peace of mind for riders, it is a clear attempt by Uber to enhance the trifecta of safety, trust, and collaboration between its team and its user community. As we all know, the product has had recent, highly publicized branding obstacles. Thoughts?


text:
This document provides answers to some of the frequently asked questions about
TensorFlow. If you have a question that is not covered here, you might find an
answer on one of the TensorFlow @{$about$community resources}.

[TOC]

## Features and Compatibility

#### Can I run distributed training on multiple computers?

Yes! TensorFlow gained
@{$distributed$support for distributed computation} in
version 0.8. TensorFlow now supports multiple devices (CPUs and GPUs) in one or
more computers.

#### Does TensorFlow work with Python 3?

As of the 0.6.0 release timeframe (Early December 2015), we do support Python
3.3+.

## Building a TensorFlow graph

See also the
@{$python/framework$API documentation on building graphs}.

#### Why does `c = tf.matmul(a, b)` not execute the matrix multiplication immediately?

In the TensorFlow Python API, `a`, `b`, and `c` are
@{tf.Tensor} objects. A `Tensor` object is
a symbolic handle to the result of an operation, but does not actually hold the
values of the operation's output. Instead, TensorFlow encourages users to build
up complicated expressions (such as entire neural networks and its gradients) as
a dataflow graph. You then offload the computation of the entire dataflow graph
(or a subgraph of it) to a TensorFlow
@{tf.Session}, which is able to execute the
whole computation much more efficiently than executing the operations
one-by-one.

#### How are devices named?

The supported device names are `"/device:CPU:0"` (or `"/cpu:0"`) for the CPU
device, and `"/device:GPU:i"` (or `"/gpu:i"`) for the *i*th GPU device.

#### How do I place operations on a particular device?

To place a group of operations on a device, create them within a
@{tf.device$`with tf.device(name):`} context.  See
the how-to documentation on
@{$using_gpu$using GPUs with TensorFlow} for details of how
TensorFlow assigns operations to devices, and the
@{$deep_cnn$CIFAR-10 tutorial} for an example model that
uses multiple GPUs.

## Running a TensorFlow computation

See also the
@{$python/client$API documentation on running graphs}.

#### What's the deal with feeding and placeholders?

Feeding is a mechanism in the TensorFlow Session API that allows you to
substitute different values for one or more tensors at run time. The `feed_dict`
argument to @{tf.Session.run} is a
dictionary that maps @{tf.Tensor} objects to
numpy arrays (and some other types), which will be used as the values of those
tensors in the execution of a step.

Often, you have certain tensors, such as inputs, that will always be fed. The
@{tf.placeholder} op allows you
to define tensors that *must* be fed, and optionally allows you to constrain
their shape as well. See the
@{$beginners$beginners' MNIST tutorial} for an
example of how placeholders and feeding can be used to provide the training data
for a neural network.

#### What is the difference between `Session.run()` and `Tensor.eval()`?

If `t` is a @{tf.Tensor} object,
@{tf.Tensor.eval} is shorthand for
@{tf.Session.run} (where `sess` is the
current @{tf.get_default_session}. The
two following snippets of code are equivalent:

```python
# Using `Session.run()`.
sess = tf.Session()
c = tf.constant(5.0)
print(sess.run(c))

# Using `Tensor.eval()`.
c = tf.constant(5.0)
with tf.Session():
  print(c.eval())
```

In the second example, the session acts as a
[context manager](https://docs.python.org/2.7/reference/compound_stmts.html#with),
which has the effect of installing it as the default session for the lifetime of
the `with` block. The context manager approach can lead to more concise code for
simple use cases (like unit tests); if your code deals with multiple graphs and
sessions, it may be more straightforward to make explicit calls to
`Session.run()`.

#### Do Sessions have a lifetime? What about intermediate tensors?

Sessions can own resources, such as
@{tf.Variable},
@{tf.QueueBase}, and
@{tf.ReaderBase}; and these resources can use
a significant amount of memory. These resources (and the associated memory) are
released when the session is closed, by calling
@{tf.Session.close}.

The intermediate tensors that are created as part of a call to
@{$python/client$`Session.run()`} will be freed at or before the
end of the call.

#### Does the runtime parallelize parts of graph execution?

The TensorFlow runtime parallelizes graph execution across many different
dimensions:

* The individual ops have parallel implementations, using multiple cores in a
  CPU, or multiple threads in a GPU.
* Independent nodes in a TensorFlow graph can run in parallel on multiple
  devices, which makes it possible to speed up
  @{$deep_cnn$CIFAR-10 training using multiple GPUs}.
* The Session API allows multiple concurrent steps (i.e. calls to
  @{tf.Session.run} in parallel. This
  enables the runtime to get higher throughput, if a single step does not use
  all of the resources in your computer.

#### Which client languages are supported in TensorFlow?

TensorFlow is designed to support multiple client languages.
Currently, the best-supported client language is [Python](../api_docs/python/index.md). Experimental interfaces for
executing and constructing graphs are also available for
[C++](../api_docs/cc/index.md), [Java](../api_docs/java/reference/org/tensorflow/package-summary.html) and [Go](https://godoc.org/github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/tensorflow/go).

TensorFlow also has a
[C-based client API](https://www.tensorflow.org/code/tensorflow/c/c_api.h)
to help build support for more client languages.  We invite contributions of new
language bindings.

Bindings for various other languages (such as [C#](https://github.com/migueldeicaza/TensorFlowSharp), [Julia](https://github.com/malmaud/TensorFlow.jl), [Ruby](https://github.com/somaticio/tensorflow.rb) and [Scala](https://github.com/eaplatanios/tensorflow_scala)) created and supported by the opensource community build on top of the C API supported by the TensorFlow maintainers.

#### Does TensorFlow make use of all the devices (GPUs and CPUs) available on my machine?

TensorFlow supports multiple GPUs and CPUs. See the how-to documentation on
@{$using_gpu$using GPUs with TensorFlow} for details of how
TensorFlow assigns operations to devices, and the
@{$deep_cnn$CIFAR-10 tutorial} for an example model that
uses multiple GPUs.

Note that TensorFlow only uses GPU devices with a compute capability greater
than 3.5.

#### Why does `Session.run()` hang when using a reader or a queue?

The @{tf.ReaderBase} and
@{tf.QueueBase} classes provide special operations that
can *block* until input (or free space in a bounded queue) becomes
available. These operations allow you to build sophisticated
@{$reading_data$input pipelines}, at the cost of making the
TensorFlow computation somewhat more complicated. See the how-to documentation
for
@{$reading_data#creating-threads-to-prefetch-using-queuerunner-objects$using
`QueueRunner` objects to drive queues and readers}
for more information on how to use them.

## Variables

See also the how-to documentation on @{$variables$variables} and
@{$python/state_ops$the API documentation for variables}.

#### What is the lifetime of a variable?

A variable is created when you first run the
@{tf.Variable.initializer}
operation for that variable in a session. It is destroyed when that
@{tf.Session.close}.

#### How do variables behave when they are concurrently accessed?

Variables allow concurrent read and write operations. The value read from a
variable may change if it is concurrently updated. By default, concurrent
assignment operations to a variable are allowed to run with no mutual exclusion.
To acquire a lock when assigning to a variable, pass `use_locking=True` to
@{tf.Variable.assign}.

## Tensor shapes

See also the
@{tf.TensorShape}.

#### How can I determine the shape of a tensor in Python?

In TensorFlow, a tensor has both a static (inferred) shape and a dynamic (true)
shape. The static shape can be read using the
@{tf.Tensor.get_shape}
method: this shape is inferred from the operations that were used to create the
tensor, and may be
@{tf.TensorShape$partially complete}. If the static
shape is not fully defined, the dynamic shape of a `Tensor` `t` can be
determined by evaluating @{tf.shape$`tf.shape(t)`}.

#### What is the difference between `x.set_shape()` and `x = tf.reshape(x)`?

The @{tf.Tensor.set_shape} method updates
the static shape of a `Tensor` object, and it is typically used to provide
additional shape information when this cannot be inferred directly. It does not
change the dynamic shape of the tensor.

The @{tf.reshape} operation creates
a new tensor with a different dynamic shape.

#### How do I build a graph that works with variable batch sizes?

It is often useful to build a graph that works with variable batch sizes, for
example so that the same code can be used for (mini-)batch training, and
single-instance inference. The resulting graph can be
@{tf.Graph.as_graph_def$saved as a protocol buffer}
and
@{tf.import_graph_def$imported into another program}.

When building a variable-size graph, the most important thing to remember is not
to encode the batch size as a Python constant, but instead to use a symbolic
`Tensor` to represent it. The following tips may be useful:

* Use [`batch_size = tf.shape(input)[0]`](../api_docs/python/array_ops.md#shape)
  to extract the batch dimension from a `Tensor` called `input`, and store it in
  a `Tensor` called `batch_size`.

* Use @{tf.reduce_mean} instead
  of `tf.reduce_sum(...) / batch_size`.

## TensorBoard

#### How can I visualize a TensorFlow graph?

See the @{$graph_viz$graph visualization tutorial}.

#### What is the simplest way to send data to TensorBoard?

Add summary ops to your TensorFlow graph, and write
these summaries to a log directory.  Then, start TensorBoard using

    python tensorflow/tensorboard/tensorboard.py --logdir=path/to/log-directory

For more details, see the
@{$summaries_and_tensorboard$Summaries and TensorBoard tutorial}.

#### Every time I launch TensorBoard, I get a network security popup!

You can change TensorBoard to serve on localhost rather than '0.0.0.0' by
the flag --host=localhost. This should quiet any security warnings.

## Extending TensorFlow

See the how-to documentation for
@{$adding_an_op$adding a new operation to TensorFlow}.

#### My data is in a custom format. How do I read it using TensorFlow?

There are three main options for dealing with data in a custom format.

The easiest option is to write parsing code in Python that transforms the data
into a numpy array. Then use @{tf.contrib.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices} to
create an input pipeline from the in-memory data.

If your data doesn't fit in memory, try doing the parsing in the Dataset
pipeline. Start with an appropriate file reader, like
@{tf.contrib.data.TextLineDataset}. Then convert the dataset by mapping
@{tf.contrib.data.Dataset.map$mapping} appropriate operations over it.
Prefer predefined TensorFlow operations such as @{tf.decode_raw},
@{tf.decode_csv}, @{tf.parse_example}, or @{tf.image.decode_png}.

If your data is not easily parsable with the built-in TensorFlow operations,
consider converting it, offline, to a format that is easily parsable, such
as ${tf.python_io.TFRecordWriter$`TFRecord`} format.

The more efficient method to customize the parsing behavior is to
@{$adding_an_op$add a new op written in C++} that parses your
data format. The @{$new_data_formats$guide to handling new data formats} has
more information about the steps for doing this.

## Miscellaneous

#### What is TensorFlow's coding style convention?

The TensorFlow Python API adheres to the
[PEP8](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/) conventions.* In
particular, we use `CamelCase` names for classes, and `snake_case` names for
functions, methods, and properties. We also adhere to the
[Google Python style guide](https://google.github.io/styleguide/pyguide.html).

The TensorFlow C++ code base adheres to the
[Google C++ style guide](http://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html).

(* With one exception: we use 2-space indentation instead of 4-space
indentation.)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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"Fulfil ye my joy, that ye be like-minded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind. Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves. Look not every man on his own things, but every man also on the things of others. Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus." — Philippians 2:2-5.
THE CHURCH at Philippi, as is well known, was the first Ecclesia established in Europe. It had a very small and humble beginning. Philippi was one of the principal cities of Macedonia. (Acts 16:9-14, 20, 21.) In seeking an opportunity for service for the Lord in this place, the Apostle went on the Sabbath day down to a river bank, where a few women habitually resorted for prayer; and he spoke to them the Word of God. Dr. McLaren, commenting upon the small beginning of the Church at Philippi, says: "Not blowing of trumpets, not beating of drums of any sort; a few women and some worn-out travelers talking together by the banks of the rushing river. How scornfully the great folk of Philippi would have smiled, if they had been told that the chief title of their city to be remembered at all would be the presence in it of that one insignificant Jew, and his letter to the Church founded on that morning!"
The general character of the Philippian Church is revealed in St. Paul's Epistle, written to them at a later period. We find in it nothing like correction or reproof, as we note in most of the Epistles written by the Apostle to other Churches. His Philippian letter is a particularly beautiful and loving one, and indicates a very close bond of sympathy between him and this Church. On four different occasions that are recorded, this Church rendered practical sympathy and service to St. Paul, by financial assistance, as well as by words of comfort and cheer. Twice he received gifts from them for his support while he was at Thessalonica. Again, while he was at Corinth, they ministered to him. When he was a prisoner at Rome this loving Church did not forget the Apostle. It was their messenger, Epaphroditus, who brought to him the last touching memorial of their love.
Epaphroditus, it will be remembered, was the brother who was brought "nigh unto death," for the Gospel's sake—because of his faithful service in the assistance of the Apostle in the work of the Lord when there seemed little help coming from other sources. Upon his recovery from this severe illness, the Apostle Paul sent by him to the Church at Philippi this beautiful letter known to us as the Epistle to the Philippians. See Philippians 2:25-28; 4:14-19; 2 Corinthians 11:9.
The other Churches may possibly have ministered to the Apostle also; and we know that this was true in the case of certain individuals, among whom were Aquila and Priscilla. But we have no record of any Church that ministered to St. Paul as did the Church at Philippi. Apparently other Churches missed a great opportunity. We may be sure that while the Apostle urged the Churches to contribute to the relief of the poor saints at Jerusalem, etc., he made no request for personal assistance, however much he may have been in need, or however much he might have appreciated any small manifestation of their love for him and the cause of the Lord whom he served.
The lesson respecting love and humility which we find in the passage of Scripture under consideration does not intimate that these graces were lacking among the Philippians; but it indicates that the Apostle recognized the great importance of these fruits of the Spirit, and the need for their continual cultivation, in order to a continued growth in the likeness of Christ. The opening words of the chapter are an exhortation to brotherly love and affection among themselves. He says, "If there be any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any bowels and mercies." The bowels were formerly considered the seat of the tender emotions, pity, compassion of heart. It would seem that the Apostle would put the Church at Philippi to the test, would let them answer as to whether these graces appertain to all who are New Creatures in Christ—as if he would say, "If you have found these blessed fruits to be a part of the character-likeness of Christ, let these be more and more developed in you all."
Then, as though they had assented to this proposition, had conceded that there is comfort, love, fellowship, sympathy, consolation, in Christ toward one another, he adds: You can fill my joy to the full by being thus minded toward each other, by having love one toward another, by having one mind, or purpose, or will, as a Church—the Lord's will. How grand an expression this is! His joy would be full; not by knowing of their mere professions, but by knowing that they loved, sympathized with, and consoled one another, that they had the proper fellowship as members of the Body of Christ. These things filled his joy more full than anything else that he could know concerning them. And he knew that these conditions would be most pleasing in the sight of their Lord and Master. The Apostle John emphasizes the same thought saying, "He that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, how can he love God whom he hath not seen?"—1 John 4:20.
To this end—that such a spirit of perfect unity and fellowship might obtain amongst the disciples at Philippi—the Apostle exhorts that each one cultivate the grace of humility; that in every matter each shall take heed that "nothing be done through strife or vainglory," that self-laudation and strivings for preeminence be thoroughly put away as the greatest enemies to the Spirit of the Lord and to the attainment of His blessing. He urged that each should have that lowliness of mind which could see the good qualities and talents of the fellow members of the Body; and that they should appreciate these qualities as, in some respects at least, superior to their own.
Lowliness of mind does not necessarily signify an ignorance of any talents or graces which we may ourselves possess; but so long as the Church is in the present imperfect, or tabernacle, condition, we may never expect to find all the abilities, all the talents, all the graces of the Holy Spirit in their highest development, in any one person. So, then, each may, if he be lowly of mind, see in others of the brethren certain desirable qualities or graces superior to his own; and these he should delight to recognize and to esteem their possessors accordingly.
For each to look merely on his own things, his own interest or welfare or comfort, or his own talents, and to ignore or forget the interests and comfort or talents of others, would be a manifestation of selfishness and a dearth of the Spirit of Christ, which is a spirit of love, consideration and generosity. In proportion as we are filled with the Holy Spirit of love, we shall find ourselves interested in the welfare and happiness of others. This was the mind, the disposition, which was in our dear Redeemer when He walked the earth, a disposition which He so wonderfully manifested; and we are sure that He has not since changed. And if we would be like Him we must develop in our characters these traits. If we are to be ultimately of the Bride class in glory, we must become copies of "God's dear Son."
The Apostle Paul not only holds up the Lord Jesus before us as the great Example of proper humility, self-abnegation and love, of a forgetfulness of self in the interests of others, but he also holds up before our vision the result, the reward, of our Lord. He reminds us of the high exaltation of the Master by the Father, that we also may be encouraged, and may realize that, if we are faithful in following the footsteps of our Redeemer, in sacrificing the advantages of the present, in crucifying self, in laboring as far as we are able in the advancement of the Cause of God and His Truth, in developing the fruits of the Holy Spirit, we may expect also to be glorified with Him, to share His name and His Throne of glory and His great work throughout the eternal future, as His Body, His Bride, His joint-heir.
In verses 12-17, following our text, the Apostle pays a beautiful tribute to the Church at Philippi, and expresses his great love for them. How he reveals his confidence in their loyalty! And how glad he was to pour out his own life on their behalf (see margin v. 17) that they might attain unto the fulness of the likeness of Christ! He lovingly exhorts, "Do all things without murmurings and disputings." In following the Master in the narrow way, we are not to murmur as we go, finding fault with its difficulties and its narrowness; nor are we to dispute respecting it, nor to seek to have any other way than that which Divine providence marks out before us. On the contrary, we are to realize and believe that the Lord knows exactly what experiences are necessary to our development in the School of Christ; that He is supervising our experiences for our highest good and His glory; that He is not forgetful of His promises to those who are His, but will, as He has promised, cause "all things [that come to us in the line of faithfulness] to work together for good" to us. And even our blunders or stumblings, if properly received, will be overruled for our blessing.
We are glad to see this disposition of trust and loyalty in so many of the Lord's dear saints. Thus following the Master, dearly beloved, we shall "be sons of God without rebuke, in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, among whom we shine as lights in the world, holding forth the Word of life." Thus shall those who are over you in the Lord "rejoice in the Day of Christ [when our 'change' shall come] that we have not run in vain, neither labored in vain."
Of the Master in your face."


I would like to integrate http://www.plupload.com flash component to my APEX 4.1 website. I need it because I want to resize image and transform image before upload on client side, upload multiple files etc..
But I don't know how to read image binary data from POST method.
now I would like to read content of this HTTP POST and read sended image and store it to DB.
Question is... how can I read file sended with HTTP POST in APEX pl/sql process or pl/sql procedure?
It might be possible to configure your plugin (don't know about it) the behave the same as a standard browser upload. Then for APEX there would be no difference - mod_plsql should handle the files accordingly.
Nov 30 TS3276 How to send a return receipt request?
Nov 30 Lost phone. Recover contact from iTunes?
Nov 30 Scusate io ho fatto l'ultimo aggiornameto per l'iphone 3gs , dopo che lo staccato non mi fa aprire nessuna app... cosa posso fare...??
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I enjoyed this book. And I appreciated the idea that it is possible to be atttracted to someone, and yet at the same time be in a place in your life where the addition of a relationship is an issue. Life happens, and often in romance novels, the reality is set aside for the flutters of love for the characters. It really appealed to me that this reality, for both Nora and Kane, was addressed and had an impact. I did believe the choices they would make, and I think that it made them both more human and more compelling for their difficult choice.
I thought the pacing of this was strong, as well as the writing, which was also strong with good dialog and no points where I felt the characters were speaking oddly or out of character in any way. I found both of them appealing and realistic and I liked who they were as people, not just as characters.
I do recommend this book. It has a lot of depth that not only keeps it interesting but moves the story along smoothly.
Full disclosure: I read the 2nd in this series and did not like it. My review and rating for this other book reflect this. Generally, this means I don't read the others. In this case, the author was gracious, reached out, and said she hoped I would read the next one. So I did.


Here at Paragon we wanted to produce a British bike for the discerning UK cyclist. We believe everyone should have the opportunity to create the bike of their dreams, every bike we produce is designed and built with your personal requirements in mind from concept through to reality. Do you want a specification tailoring to your requirements? Do you want a bike building to suit your budget? Do you purely want a bike in a certain colour or design? We can make it cost what you want, look how you want and ride like you want so be unique and ride the Paragon way.
Decide what type of product – Advise us of your style of riding and performance goals and ambitions.
Select your Chassis – We can help select an appropriate frameset for both purpose and budget.
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Agree a fixed build schedule and cost for your bespoke creation.
Your Paragon bike is unique and will never be repeated for another customer.
Your Paragon bike will be painted and manufactured to the highest standard using over thirty years of experience.
Your Paragon bike will be handmade in Great Britain.
Quality and service second to none.
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8 weeks' free cycle and rider insurance plus 20% discount on an annual policy.
Optional cycle storage bag and leather bound Paragon USB flash drive.


This piece is an exploration of my future home and all the senses associated with it. I have a tendency to live in the future, so much to the point that I have memories of places I've never been and things that have never happened. This flux kit is an attempt to solidify these false memories.


All the medical students enrolled in C3NY's Step 2 CS Prep Program have some time to get to know each other, since they will be working together closely for three full days.
All participants in C3NY's Step 2 CS USMLE Prep workshops know their studies will be enhanced by working with highly trained and professional Standardized Patients or "SP"s, who provide a real-life feel in exams created to focus on clinical skills like communication and empathy.
All medical students work closely with both Mark H. Swartz, and managing director Anna Lank, pictured here greeting the newest round of Step 2 CS Workshop Participants.
Thanks to the excellent USMLE Prep provided by C3NY, students are offered the opportunity to practice on Standardized Patients who mimic the patient-doctor experience, which is greatly contributed to the USMLE Exam pass rate.
The 3-Day Step 2 CS Workshops can be intense, but that doesn't stop the students from smiling and knowing they are doing the best thing for their future medical careers.
Sometimes students will interact directly with a highly train Standardized Patient, and other times students will observe and take notes, and later participate in the discussion of how the practice exam could be improved.
After spending 3 days in New York City participating in the C3NY Step 2 CS Preparatory Workshop, not only will you have gained new clinical skills, but you will also have gained friends and relationships that may last you a lifetime.
C3NY prides itself on having the very best talented Standardized Patients in NYC, and believe that is why our students have excellent passing rate when they take the USMLE Step 2 CS Exam.
Dr. Mark H. Swarts is not only the CEO and Founder of C3NY, is is also a world renowned medical educated, and personally teaches at each 3-Day Step 2 CS Workshop offered at C3NY in NYC.
While our students come to us from all over the world, their goals here at C3NY are generally the same: gain the necessary clinical skills to pass the USMLE Step 2 CS Exam, and become the best possible doctor they can be.
Students from all across the globe travel to NYC to study at C3NY, the world's most trusted Step 2 CS Prep Program. That's why C3NY has thousands of testimonials from over 75 countries across the world!


text:
Internal Reuters Gen News
Factbox: Main facts about collapse of Italy's Parmalat
(Reuters) - The founder of Parmalat SpA was sentenced to 18 years in jail for his role in the Italian food giant's 2003 collapse in Europe's biggest corporate bankruptcy.
Following are some facts about the Parmalat scandal:
* Parmalat collapsed at the end of 2003 with a 14 billion euros ($18.6 billion) hole in its accounts. The crisis erupted in December 2003, when it said a 4 billion euro bank account held by a Cayman Islands unit did not exist, forcing management to seek bankruptcy protection and triggering a criminal fraud probe.
* Despite the company's investment-grade credit rating, concerns had swirled for months over Parmalat's failure to explain why it did not use cash shown on its balance sheet to cut debt.
* There have been two main trials into Parmalat's collapse, one in Italy's financial capital Milan and the other in Parma, close to the group's headquarters.
In Milan, Tanzi has been sentenced to 10 years in prison for market rigging and obstructing market regulators. He is appealing against the ruling.
In Parma, a trial began in March 2008 and focuses on allegations of fraudulent bankruptcy and criminal conspiracy within Parmalat.
A total of 56 people were originally charged but most sought plea bargains or accelerated trials or had charges dropped.
* A streamlined version of the dairy group, stripped of loss-making foreign units, relisted on Milan's bourse on October 6, 2005. The shares opened at 3.15 euros, giving it a value of some 5 billion euros -- or almost three times its capitalization before the collapse -- as investors bet on revenue from damages suits and on potential takeover bids.
* Parmalat's collapse sparked litigation worldwide against dozens of banks, including Bank of America Corp and Citigroup Inc, by current Parmalat management and by investors.
* Parmalat has recouped more than 2 billion euros from settlements with banks including Morgan Stanley and the former Merrill Lynch, now part of Bank of America.
(Compiled by Antonella Ciancio; Editing by David Holmes)
$1=.7520 Euro


Jose and Maria take recruiting very seriously.
That time that everyone got temporary tattoos.
Maria demonstrates appropriate PPE (cowboy hat included).
We celebrated the end of the year and start of the lab at Fogo de Chão with the Tarling-Vallim Lab.


A judiciously designed furniture can bring the requisite amount of style and functionality to any space, making it a livable one. The modern luxurious furniture not only promotes a good aesthetic sense but also brings about the professionalism and prestige of your brand. This is one of the key reasons, why the furniture is accorded so much importance in the interior design and decoration of the office furniture. For those who are in search of exclusive furniture with sophistication imbibed in it, we house an exquisite range of modern and contemporary luxury office furniture collections. Our collection of luxury office furniture collection includes best luxury sofas, luxury executive desks, luxury workstations and high quality chairs, coffee tables and much more. Apart from this we also have luxury storage cabinets, top quality cabinets and much more.
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text:
Q: Primary key on 2 tables i have two tables, one 'master' and one 'child' table.
Each table has a field named 'ProductNo', which is defined as PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE.
Is it possible to define the field 'ProductNo' in the table 'child' and the same field in table 'master' as PRIMARY + UNIQUE together?
master:
ID | ProductNo

child:
ID | MasterID (FK on master.ID) | ProductNo

Relation >> 1 (master) : n (child)

example data:
master:
1 | 1234
2 | 4567

child:
100 | 1 | 3333
101 | 1 | 4444
102 | 2 | 5555
103 | 1 | 1234 <----- NOT ALLOWED! PRODUCT NO ALREADY EXISTING IN TABLE `MASTER`
104 | 2 | 1234 <----- NOT ALLOWED! PRODUCT NO ALREADY EXISTING IN TABLE `MASTER`

It is needed to check on inserting/updating table 'child' if 'ProductNo' already exists in table 'master'.
How can I define it?
Or am I needed to create a trigger for this?
TIA Matt

A: no, there is no such thing as composite PKs among tables.
Just for data consistency, if the Ids are the same, you should add a FK from child to the master.
To solve your problem, a trigger with a check like this:
if exists (select 1 from master where prodcutId=new_productId)

would be a good idea
EDIT:
actually the best idea is to have only one table called product with a ID and a masterID field with a relation to itself. The way you have today Im pretty sure that you have a lot of duplicate data and you are stuck with 2 levels on hierarchy.

A: (Original answer) You can declare a foreign key from master to child, even if that foreign key points to the primary key of child. This would be a one to zero-or-one relationship, and is not that uncommon. A row cannot exist in child without a matching row in master already being inserted, but a row can exist in master without a matching child row. Your inserts therefore need to happen in the order master then child.
(Edited in light of question edit) HOWEVER, in your case, the column you are referring to looks like it should not actually be the primary key of either table, but rather you have a separate primary/foreign key, and the column in question needs to be unique across the two tables, which has become clear now you've edited some sample data into your question. In this case, you'd be best to use a trigger on both tables, to check existence in the other table and prevent the insert/update if the ProductNo already exists.

A: Just as @DavidM said, it can be done, but it seems you are with some modelling issues. First, if you have a natural primary key ProductNo, why do you define a surrogate ID? The other thing you might consider is to combine these two tables into a single one (as might make sense for most of 1-to-1 cases).

A: Are you sure you need the two tables?
Keep just one, having productID plus parentID.
Then productID can be a primary key and auto increment, while everything having a parentID other than null (f.keyed to the same table) would be a child item.

A: You can add a column named ProductNo in child table and add a foreign key reference to the parent table.


The Church is situated on Southfield Lane, Little Horton. The back entrance is at the bottom of St. Enoch's Road and Haycliffe Lane.
A warm invitation is extended to our morning service at 10.30am every Sunday. All ages are catered for during the service which lasts about one hour with tea & coffee served afterwards.


text:
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A list of the phrases and sayings that first saw the light of day, or were made popular by, Shakespeare's play As You Like It:
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Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything
Thereby hangs a tale
Too much of a good thing
Under the greenwood tree
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Edward ACKEL, Sr., father of the defendants hereinafter named, Appellant, v. Alexander ACKEL and Victoria Ackel Karam, as Trustees of and under the Last Will and Testament of Sallm Ackel, Deceased, Plaintiffs and Appellees, Frederick Ackel, Edward Ackel, Jr., and Daniel Ackel, Minor Defendants.
No. 6200.Supreme Court of Arizona.
Appeal from the Superior Court, Maricopa County, Charles P. Elmer, J.
Andrew L. Bettwy, Phoenix, for appellant.
Moore Romley by Anthony T. Deddens, Phoenix, for plaintiffs-appellees.
No appearance was made by defendants.
1. Did the trial court err in its finding of fact and its judgment based thereon, that appellant was not a party to the suit nor a person interested in the outcome of these proceedings?
2. If the above question be answered in the negative, does the appellant have any standing to prosecute this appeal either as "an aggrieved person" or as an "amicus curiae" and does such an appeal properly invoke the jurisdiction of this court?
Appellees (plaintiffs) raise this latter question by a motion to dismiss the appeal.
guardian ad litem will be referred to as the guardian; Edward Ackel, Sr. will be referred to either as appellant or as the father of the minor defendants.
A brief resume of the proceedings in the trial court is essential to an understanding of the determinative problems presented, supra. The suit was brought under the provisions of the Declaratory Judgment Act (Art. 7, sections 27-701 to 706, A.C.A. 1939; now A.R.S., Title 12, Article 2).
Plaintiffs, as Trustees under the Last Will and Testament of Salim Ackel, deceased, filed suits seeking authority to sell certain real property belonging to the trust, and invoking the general equity jurisdiction of the court to allow them to sell said property. The three minor beneficiaries of the trust were named as parties defendant. Two of the minor defendants were over 16 years of age, one was under 16 but over 14 years of age.
The amended complaint disclosed that plaintiffs had negotiated a sale of real property described therein as Parcel No. 2 (this is a parking lot opposite the Paramount Theatre at Adams and Second Avenue) for the price of $168,625; that an undivided one-fourth interest of said property was included in the res of said trust; and that the trustees, as individuals, and their brother Lionel, each owned an undivided one-fourth interest therein; the negotiated sale being subject to approval and order of the court authorizing and directing the trustees to make the sale on the terms therein disclosed. Said amended complaint also alleged that one of the tenants in common (other than the trustees) had threatened to force a sale of the premises by partition if the court failed to approve and authorize the negotiated sale of said property, which forced sale, it was alleged, would result in a loss to the trust estate.
They invoked the general equity powers of the court seeking authority to sell at the negotiated sale price to protect and preserve the property of the trust estate represented by the value of its one-fourth interest in said property, in order to avoid a loss at a public sale in the threatened partition proceedings and to avoid future litigation.
Undoubtedly the object of the rule is to bring notice to one who would naturally feel enough interest in the infant to see that his rights were protected. However, it does not make such person a party to the suit. Cf. Cheatham v. Whitman, 86 Ky. 614, 6 S.W. 595; 27 Am.Jur., Infants, section 139, page 858.
Attorney W.T. Willey was appointed guardian ad litem by the court pursuant to a signed petition filed by the three minor defendants. Thereafter, following a trial on the merits, of which the father did not have notice, but still within 20 days of service upon him, the appellant filed an answer. This action was taken without leave of court or a petition to intervene in the suit. Such answer alleged that appellant believed himself "pecuniarily as well as parentally interested in the outcome of said action." Inter alia it was denied that the offer of sale was for an advantageous price or that it was for the best interest of the minor defendants or the trust estate that such a sale be consummated.
The motion to strike was taken under advisement and evidence was thereafter offered by appellant and his witnesses. At the conclusion of the hearing appellant made motions for summary judgment and for dismissal of the complaint, which were subsequently denied.
The decree of court followed the findings and conclusions. It directs the trustees to sell the property substantially in accordance with the terms and conditions of the negotiated sale, all of which were approved, and authorized the execution of the proper instruments to carry out the orders of the court. The court ruled that Edward Ackel, Sr., was neither a necessary, indispensable nor proper party to the action and that he was permitted to appear in the action solely as an amicus curiae, and therefore ordered his answer to be stricken from the file, dismissed and denied; but did consider each and all of them and the evidence presented by the father as important suggestions of a friend of the court. The court also found that the infant defendants had been ably represented by the guardian.
The father filed a motion for new trial and when this was denied he gave notice of appeal from both the judgment entered on August 31, 1955, and from the order denying his motion for a new trial. On this state of the record we are of the opinion the trial court did not err in finding that appellant was not a party, nor a person interested in the outcome of these proceedings and hence we hold the trial court ruled correctly in striking appellant's answer from the files.
Can it be said that appellant is a "party aggrieved"? We think not. At the second hearing it was determined appellant had no pecuniary interest in the trust involved. Since he suffers no property or financial loss due to the judgment, we hold he is not a party aggrieved. In re Roseman's Estate, 68 Ariz. 198, 203 P.2d 867; Burmister v. City of Prescott, 38 Ariz. 66, 297 P. 443.
The only interest appellant had was that of a parent of the minor defendants, yet at no time did he move to revoke the appointment of W.T. Willey as guardian ad litem, nor did he ever petition the court to be appointed as guardian for his three minor children. A guardian ad litem having been appointed, appellant could not, merely because he was their father, represent the minor defendants, hence we hold he has no right as a parent to prosecute this appeal. Accord: Maloney v. Schandelmier, 65 Mont. 531, 212 P. 493; Johnson v. Waterhouse, 152 Mass. 585, 26 N.E. 234, 11 L.R.A. 440; 43 C.J.S. Infants § 109(b), p. 286; 27 Am.Jur., Infants, section 120 at page 841.
The court did not err in permitting appellant to appear as an amicus curiae. It is well settled, however, that an amicus curiae cannot effect an appeal since he has no standing in court other than as such "friend". He cannot take exceptions to rulings nor appeal such decisions as the court may render. City and County of Denver v. Denver Tramway Corporation, 8 Cir., 23 F.2d 287, certiorari denied 278 U.S. 616, 49 S.Ct. 20, 73 L.Ed. 539; City of Winter Haven, Fla. v. Gillespie, 5 Cir., 84 F.2d 285, certiorari denied Hartridge-Cannon Co. v. Gillespie, 299 U.S. 606, 57 S.Ct. 232, 81 L.Ed. 447; Stinnette v. Mauldin, Tex.Civ.App., 251 S.W.2d 186; Douglas v. Trust Co. of Georgia, 147 Ga. 724, 95 S.E. 219; Cf. In re Pina's Estate, 112 Cal. 14, 44 P. 332; In re Bodger's Estate, 128 Cal.App.2d 710, 276 P.2d 83.
Having concluded that appellant has no standing, in any capacity, to prosecute this appeal, there is no occasion for us to consider on the merits any of the numerous legal questions which he attempts to raise by other assignments of error; to do so would be wholly improper and any pronouncements made would be purely dicta.
It appearing that appellee's motion to dismiss the appeal is well taken, it is therefore ordered that said appeal be and the same is hereby dismissed for the reason that this court is without jurisdiction to entertain it.
Appeal dismissed with costs to appellees.
WINDES, PHELPS, STRUCKMEYER and JOHNSON, JJ., concur.