text:
Discover Persian Cuisine
NEWCOMERS ALTRUISM SOC.
Canadian Holidays Explained
Free English Lessons
Getting Around Vancouver
Immigration and Sponsorship Information
Whether they originate from an act of Parliament, religious custom or just social tradition, there are a lot of special days on the Canadian calendar.
The federal government does officially define ten days as "holidays" in Canada (also known as a statutory or stat holiday) — Christmas, Boxing Day, New Year's Day, Good Friday, Easter, Victoria Day, Canada Day, Labour Day, Thanksgiving and Remembrance Day — in recognition of the fact that these days are public holidays in most provinces. Most Canadian laws, businesses, and social traditions operate on the assumption that the majority of citizens will not be working on these days.
Christmas in Canada
Christmas is by far the biggest holiday on the Canadian calendar. Officially, it's the nominal observance of the birth of the Christian savior Jesus Christ, though as is the case in most western countries, Canadian Christmas has steadily evolved into a largely secular celebration centered mostly around family gift-giving. Things are getting so secular, in fact, that even the religious name "Christmas" is now often swapped out in favour of generic terms like "holiday" or "the holidays."
Canada does not have a lot of unique Christmas traditions. In the month-long lead-up to the big day, most Canadians decorate special Christmas trees in their living room and attend Christmas parties with friends, family, and co-workers. The night before Christmas, Christmas Eve, is usually a quiet evening spent with family, while on Christmas Day family members will exchange wrapped gifts with one another and dine on a lavish Christmas dinner. A lot of families have evolved their own private Christmas customs as well, meaning it can be a bit of a challenge to get too specific about "how Canadians celebrate Christmas."
The Canadian version of Santa Claus, the mythical Christmas character who gives gifts to good little boys and girls, is mostly identical to the American version, complete with reindeer, elves and a jolly-faced wife. Since Canada claims to own the North Pole, the supposed home of Santa's magical workshop, Canadian children are taught that Santa lives in Canada, and the Canadian post office promotes this idea by pushing a "write to Santa" program that gives him a Canadian address and postal code. If you write to him, he'll write back!
Write A Letter to Santa Claus, Canada Post
Boxing Day and Black Friday
December 26 and fourth Friday of November
While the lead-up to Christmas is undoubtedly the busiest shopping season of the Canadian year, the day after Christmas is a close second. Called Boxing Day for unclear historical reasons, the holiday is now entirely known as a crazed spectacle of materialistic excess. The second Christmas ends, stores across Canada dramatically slash their prices and offer all manner of deals in a thinly-veiled effort to unload much of their unsold, overflow holiday merchandise. Malls and electronics stores tend to be sites of particular madness, and it's not uncommon to see deal-hungry Canadians literally camp out in parking lots on the night of December 25 just to be first in line when the shops open.
The last major milestone of the December holiday season, New Year's Eve (December 31st) is a chance for Canadians to drink and party one final night before the year changes over. A decidedly adult holiday, New Year's parties traditionally run until midnight or later, and usually feature fancy clothes, hors d'oeuvres and copious amounts of champagne. When midnight approaches, everyone loudly counts down the final few seconds, then kisses their romantic partner (should they be nearby).
New Year's Day begins the first second after midnight, but has no real customs or celebrations associated with it. Some may enjoy a leisurely breakfast or brunch with friends or family while others may simply savor a day to relax after so much late-night partying the night before.
St. Valentine's Day
Originally a Catholic observance to commemorate the feast of Saint Valentine of Rome (d. 270), a Christian priest who secretly married couples in defiance of the Roman Empire, modern Valentine's Day is now a secular celebration of all things romantic. Canadian couples, either married or just dating, are expected to buy small gifts for each other, usually cards, chocolate or a special dinner out, and enjoy a romantic evening together.
The holiday has also become very popular with elementary school-aged children, who will usually give their classmates cheap, mass-produced cards on February 14 — though obviously these are more about celebrating friendship than romantic passion.
Family Day (or equivalent)
Varies, but usually third Monday in February
The long stretch of holiday-free weeks between New Year's and Easter has recently inspired several provinces to invent a new February holiday, most often called Family Day and most often celebrated on the third Monday in February (not coincidentally, this is the same day Americans celebrate President's Day). Lacking any real traditions or history, the day is usually simply declared to be a time to "celebrate families," with specifics left to the families themselves.
In Prince Edward Island the holiday is called Islander Day while in Manitoba it is Louis Riel Day, after the founder of the province. In Nova Scotia and Yukon it's a celebration of provincial history called Heritage Day, though the Yukoners celebrate it on "the Friday before the last Sunday in February." In British Columbia their Family Day is celebrated a week earlier than the other provinces, on the second Monday of February.
With only minor celebrations and virtually no "official" festivities, St. Patrick's Day is a holiday of generally minimal importance in the lives of most Canadians, yet still one likely to be included in any list of "major holidays," due to its colourful and fun reputation. Named in honour of Saint Patrick (385-461), the man credited with bringing Christianity to Ireland, "St. Paddy's Day" is supposed to be a proud celebration of Irish heritage for the millions of Canadians who claim at least some Irish ancestry.
In practice, St. Patrick's Day tends to be a fairly superficial commemoration of Irish cliches, with decorations of Shamrocks, leprechauns, and plenty of green. The main profiteers of the day are pubs and bars, which host Paddy's Day drink specials, including cheap Guinness and dyed green beer. Without putting too fine a point on it, to many, the day is merely "an excuse to get drunk."
Easter Sunday and Good Friday
(sometime in March or April, exact days vary)
Like Christmas, Easter is one of the holiest days on the Christian calendar, yet also a holiday that is increasingly celebrated in purely secular fashion. According to Christian scripture, Easter commemorates the day when Jesus Christ was resurrected, making it a particularly important day of recognition for those who purport to believe in Christ's divinity. As a result, even many "fair weather" Christians who do not ordinarily go to church can often find the motivation to attend services on Easter Sunday, making it one of the most crowded (and ostentatiously well-dressed) days for parishes across Canada.
The secular celebration of Easter is so far removed from Christianity a lot of children grow up unaware the two are even related. In the non-religious version, Easter is a mere celebration of things associated with spring, including daffodils, bunnies, baby chicks, and rolling hills of fresh green grass. Kids celebrate it by getting gifts of special seasonally-themed candies from the "Easter Bunny" — a mythical creature who is basically a spring version of Santa Claus — and by hunting for decorated Easter eggs that "he" has hidden around their house or backyard.
Easter is celebrated on wildly different days in either March or April, since its schedule is based on the spring equinox (the day when the Sun passes Earth's equator). In addition to Easter itself, Canada also recognizes the Friday immediately preceding it as Good Friday, a statutory holiday in most provinces that commemorates Christ's crucifixion. Beyond a special church service for the devout, there are no real traditions associated with it.
Victoria Day
The Monday preceding May 24
During her final years of life, Britain's long-serving monarch, Queen Victoria (1819-1901), enjoyed quite an extensive cult of popularity across the Empire, and her death prompted the Canadian Parliament to declare the late sovereign's birthday (May 24) a national holiday. Over a century later, Victoria Day still survives, though it has been retroactively redefined as the observed celebration of the "current monarch's birthday," despite the fact that the actual birthday of the current monarch, Elizabeth II (b. 1926), is in April.
Regardless of its royal origins, in modern Canada Victoria Day is typically viewed as little more than a convenient long weekend (in some provinces, the nickname is simply the "May Long"), and an excuse for short spring vacations and camping trips. In 1952, the Government of Canada abandoned the pretence of even keeping the holiday on a consistent day, and simply declared that it would always be celebrated the Monday closest to the 24th, in order to guarantee it would always create a three-day weekend. Canadians sometimes refer to this as the "2-4 long weekend," in reference to the fact that the numbers in the late Queen's birthdate conveniently describe the amount of cans in a large flat of beer.
Mother's Day and Father's Day
Second Sunday in May, third Sunday in June
The two "parent's day" holidays are low key celebrations introduced to Canada in the early 20th century. Children of all ages are expected to show their parent some love with a small gift or card, and a day full of caring, attentive behaviour. The mother/father's day phone call has become a particularly common custom among adult children, given many Canadians do not live in the same cities as their parents.
July 1, 1867 was the date the Canadian Constitution was adopted and ever since, July 1 has been celebrated as the birthday of the Canadian nation, and the day "Canada became a country." Held in early summer, Canada Day (known as "Dominion Day" until 1983) offers an opportunity for Canadians to have large parties outdoors, and is usually celebrated with neighbourhood or family barbecues, picnics, and fireworks. Many big Canadian cities will organize a whole host of official Canada Day festivities for
their community, including parades, live music, and outdoor festivals, ensuring the streets are packed with patriotic revelers from sunup to sundown.
The "Civic Holiday" or B.C. Day
The seventh day in August is recognized as a holiday in most provinces and territories, though it goes by a wide variety of different names depending on where you are. It also tends to vary in legal status; in some provinces it's a well-established day off for everyone, in other places it's just a holiday for government workers.
In British Columbia, New Brunswick, and Saskatchewan August 7 is called British Columbia Day, New Brunswick Day, and Saskatchewan Day, respectively. In Manitoba it's called Terry Fox Day, after Terry Fox (1958-1981), a noted great Canadian. In Nova Scotia it's called Natal Day and in Alberta it's called Heritage Day, both of which are meant to evoke ideas of celebrating provincial history. In Ontario, the name of the day actually varies by city, with Toronto calling it Simcoe Day and Ottawa calling it Colonel By Day, after John Graves Simcoe (1752-1806) and John By (1779-1836), two important historical figures from early Ontario. The remaining six provinces and territories don't officially recognize it as anything in particular; whether workers get the day off depends entirely on their employment contracts.
First Monday in September
In the late 19th century, when Canadian workers were not always afforded full rights and dignity from their employers (to put it mildly), Canadian governments created a new holiday known as Labour Day to acknowledge the contribution of the nation's labourers. The date, which originated in the United States, has long been rumoured to have been chosen in order to distract attention away from May Day (May 1), which at the time was an important symbolic day for union radicals, communists, and other undesirables politicians weren't keen to embolden.
Today Labour Day is mostly a generic day off work perhaps best known for signaling the beginning of the academic year for school-aged children. People very involved in the organized labour movement, which is to say unions and their political supporters, will sometimes stage parades or protests to raise awareness of contemporary issues relating to Canada's working men and women.
Second Monday in October
Thanksgiving is a uniquely North American holiday, celebrated in Canada and the United States to commemorate the traditional autumn harvest and give thanks for the wealth and bounty of the New World. It originated from a government tradition of giving annual thanks for various different things before settling on this theme.
The main event of Thanksgiving is an enormous, lavish Thanksgiving dinner composed of iconic North American foods, including turkey, sweet potatoes, corn, Brussels sprouts, cranberries, and pumpkin pie. Since Canada's farming season ends earlier due to the country's cold climate, Canadian Thanksgiving is held several weeks before American Thanksgiving, which does not occur until late November.
Next to Christmas, Thanksgiving is the most important family day of the year for most Canadians, and many will travel great distances in order to dine with their relatives.
Halloween in Canada
Halloween is a day to celebrate all things scary and ghoulish. The main event is trick-or-treating, where children (ages 2 – 13) dress up in costumes and walk from door to door in their neighbourhoods all night and are given candies from adults. In recent years, it's also become very popular for teenagers to celebrate the day by setting off fireworks and firecrackers and for adults to host late-night costume parties.
In the lead-up to Halloween, spooky decorations of pumpkins, skeletons, witches, and other such creatures will begin to pop up everywhere, particularly in schools, department stores, and bars. On the day itself, it's becoming more and more common for people of all walks of life to don costumes the whole day long — costumed bus drivers, waiters, and bank tellers are hardly an unusual sight.
Canadian Halloween celebrations have continued to get bigger and bigger every year, to the point where it's now said to be the country's second-biggest holiday after Christmas, in terms of consumer spending and public participation.
On November 11, 1918, World War I (1914-1918) formally came to a close when a truce, or armistice, was declared between the fighting nations, including Canada. On every November 11 since, Canadians have celebrated peace and remembered the horrors of war by observing Remembrance Day, the most sombre holiday of the year.
At 11 o'clock on November 11, all Canadians are expected to stop what they're doing and observe a moment of silence in memory of the soldiers who have given their lives in the various wars in which Canada has fought. Most cities will organize a special public ceremony at the town hall or local war memorial as well, at which representatives of various groups, such as the veterans' legion, the Boy Scouts, and the municipal, provincial and federal governments will quietly lay wreaths of commemoration.
Remembrance Day's most visible tradition of all, however, is the distribution of small, plastic poppy pins, which many Canadians will wear on their jackets for the first 11 days of the month. Distributed as a fundraising effort by the Royal Canadian Legion Society, the pins are meant to evoke the imagery of In Flanders' Fields, a famous Canadian poem about the suffering of war, written by Lt. Colonel John
McCrae (1872-1918). Canadian children will usually memorize the entirety of it during some part of their elementary school education.
SOURCE: http://www.thecanadaguide.com/symbols/holidays/
About Vancouver Persia
Discover Persian Culture
Copyright © 2017-2021 Vancouver Persia - All Rights Reserved.


text:
Eupilaria leucopeza is een tweevleugelige uit de familie steltmuggen (Limoniidae). De soort komt voor in het Oriëntaals gebied.

Eupilaria
Steltmug uit het Oriëntaals gebied

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Магомед Саварбекович Героев (род. 26 февраля 1994 в Назране, Россия) — российский боец смешанных единоборств ингушского происхождения, двукратный победитель гран-при лиги Fight Club Cherdak.

Титулы и достижения
Панкратион
 Чемпионат мира по панкратиону (Тбилиси, 2016) — ;
 Чемпионат России по панкратиону 2016 года — ;
 Кубок России по панкратиону 2016 года — ;
 Чемпионат сибири по панкратиону 2016 года — ;
 Кубок города Ангарск по панкратиону 2015 года — .
Каратэ
Чемпионат России по кэмпо-каратэ — ;
Кубок России по кэмпо-каратэ — ;
Чемпионат мира по кэмпо-каратэ — ;
Первенство России по Укадо 2010 года — ;
Первенство России по Укадо (фулл-контакт) 2010 года — .

MMA
Fight Club Cherdak
 Победитель 3-го сезона Fight Club Cherdak в среднем весе (2016).
 Победитель 2-го сезона Fight Club Cherdak в среднем весе (2015).
Боевое самбо
 Международный турнир по боевому самбо памяти Андрея Елизарова 2015 года — ;
 Международный турнир по боевому самбо памяти Андрея Елизарова 2016 года — .
Универсальный бой
 Чемпионат СФО по универсальному бою 2016 года — .
Грепплинг
 Чемпионат Иркутской области по грепплингу 2015 года — ;
 Турнир по грепплингу "Дружина коловрата" 2017 года — .

Статистика боёв

Примечания

Ссылки

Бойцы смешанных единоборств России
Чемпионы мира по панкратиону
Чемпионы России по панкратиону


text:
Q: How can I fix this Visual Studio bug?
There are some functions when I make couple of new lines after them, I get this white line between the functions. Does someone know how to fix this? It happens to me a lot, and I searched for this bug on the internet but didn't found any answer.
Thank you in advance.

A: Go to:
Tools->Options->Text Editor->General
Uncheck "Show Structure Guidlines"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Specific Terms and Conditions: an agreement subject to the present General Terms and Conditions describing the specific stipulations for the execution and performance of the present Agreement.
Services: the services which will be provided to the Customer in accordance with the Agreement as stated in the Specific Terms and Conditions.
Agreement: the present General Terms and Conditions and the Specific Terms and Conditions. The present Agreement includes all and any rights and obligations between the Parties with regard to the Services and shall take precedence over and supersede any and all prior agreements and offers, issued both orally and in writing.
BIG INDUSTRIES: BIG INDUSTRIES N.V., having its registered office in Kontich (Belgium), Veldkant 33A, Company Registration Number 0807.729.292
The Customer: the Customer as stated in the Specific Terms and Conditions.
The Provider: the Provider of the services as stated in the Specific Terms and Conditions who will be contracted or commissioned by BIG INDUSTRIES to carry out the services described in the present Agreement.
Party (Parties): BIG INDUSTRIES or (and) the Customer.
BIG INDUSTRIES' obligations
BIG INDUSTRIES hereby agrees to carry out the Services as stated in the Specific Terms and Conditions for the Customer.
Location of Execution of the Agreement
Barring any stipulations to the contrary in the Specific Terms and Conditions, the Services will be carried out at the premises and site of the Customer as specified in the Specific Terms and Conditions.
Duration, Termination, and Dissolution of the Agreement
The duration of the Agreement is specified in the Specific Terms and Conditions.
Any conditions and terms for the termination of the Agreement are specified in the Specific Terms and Conditions.
At the latest 4 weeks before the end of the current term, the Customer will send BIG INDUSTRIES a written request to ask for an extension of the Agreement. If BIG INDUSTRIES agrees to such an extension of the present Agreement, BIG INDUSTRIES will inform the Customer about this decision. Barring any stipulations to the contrary, a possible extension of the Agreement shall be granted under the same conditions as the initial Agreement.
Without prejudice to its right to damages, BIG INDUSTRIES, at its own discretion, is entitled to suspend the execution of the Agreement or even to annul the Agreement by operation of law, without notice of default and with immediate effect by merely sending a registered letter by regular mail:
- in case the Customer does not pay on any of the due dates or does not comply with any of the contractual obligations;
- in case the Customer has filed for a postponement of payment, or has filed for bankruptcy or has suspended any or all payments, or in case his solvency has been undermined or if the Customer has unmistakably become insolvent;
- in case the Company of the Customer is dissolved and/or liquidated;
- in case a writ of attachment for execution and/or protection purposes has been served on all or part of the Customer's assets at the request of a creditor, or in case any other executive or protective measures have been taken with regard to the Customer's assets;
- in case there is evidence or a serious suspicion of fraud committed by the Customer;
- in case the Customer refuses to submit the information requested or if the Customer has submitted incorrect and/or false information;
In case of any faults or contractual shortcomings other than the ones mentioned above, BIG INDUSTRIES is entitled to terminate the present Agreement if the Customer does not correct or rectify its fault or contractual shortcoming within a period of 15 days after the day BIG INDUSTRIES has issued a registered letter declaring the Customer to be in default.
Unless the Agreement is dissolved and/or terminated due to gross negligence of BIG INDUSTRIES, all of the services delivered for the components as yet not completed at that moment shall be compensated for and paid at the current average hour rates set by BIG INDUSTRIES; without prejudice to BIG INDUSTRIES' right to provide evidence for any actual damages suffered, using any legal means possible, if such compensation for damages proves to be a higher amount than the hour rates charged
Intellectual Rights
Unless agreed otherwise, BIG INDUSTRIES shall confer to the Client, in a comprehensive, definitive and exclusive manner, all the intellectual property rights vested in the works created or yet to be created in performing its services, as of the moment at which these rights come into existence, and this in the most comprehensive manner and in respect of every possible form and mode of exploitation, for the entire duration of the right(s) in question and on a worldwide basis.Notwithstanding the above, BIG INDUSTRIES shall in any event not be precluded from using its general knowledge, skills, experience and any ideas, concepts, methodologies, processes and know-how that are developed, acquired or used in the performance of its services or created by BIG INDUSTRIES in the course of performing its services, except to the extent this would result in a breach of BIG INDUSTRIES' confidentiality undertakings towards the Client.
Confidential information refers to all information, regardless its type and category (oral, written, graphic, digital, ...), which is or has been exchanged between the Parties in accordance with and with respect to the present Agreement.The Parties and their employees are required to treat any confidential information which they have received from the other Party with regard to the execution of the present Agreement as confidential. Furthermore, the Parties shall only use this confidential information in accordance with the present Agreement. The Parties are not allowed to disclose this confidential information to any third parties without the prior and written approval of the other Party.This obligation of confidentiality shall remain in force during a period of 1 year following the end of the present Agreement, regardless of the reason why the Agreement was terminated.
The following information shall not be considered to be confidential:
- any information received in a legal way from any third party which is not bound by any obligation of confidentiality or secrecy;
- any information already known to a Party before this information was submitted to the Party in accordance with the execution of the present Agreement;
- any information which a Party has generated itself without breaching the conditions of the present Agreement;
- any information which is considered to be public domain without the intervention of or an error committed by the Party which has received this information;
- any information which is instructed to be made public due to a court order.
BIG INDUSTRIES is also entitled to include the Customer in its reference list of customers, to publish a summarized description of the assignment, and to use the name and the brand name of the Customer for advertisement purposes and public relations incentives.
Stipulations of Execution
With regard to the execution of the present Agreement, BIG INDUSTRIES will assign a Provider.
The Customer will provide Big Industries with all information, technical or general documentation, or any other details and records with respect to the assignment. The Customer hereby acknowledges not to engage in any kind of co-operation with the Provider for the term of the duration of the present Agreement and during a period of one year following the termination of the Agreement; in case of a violation of this condition, the Customer will be obliged to pay a fine of 180 times the daily rate charged by the Provider as stated in the Specific Terms and Conditions. Should both Parties deem it to be desirable or necessary, they may assign, by mutual agreement, either temporarily or permanently, another Provider to carry out and execute the present Agreement.
In case the Provider does not meet (or no longer meets) the specified requirements; If the Customer's reputation is discredited by the Provider; Or if the Provider does not carry out (or no longer carries out) the Services in accordance with the present Agreement, the Customer will have the right to ask BIG INDUSTRIES to choose another Provider. However, such measures shall not relieve the Customer of its obligation to compensate and pay for any Services already carried out by the Provider.
If BIG INDUSTRIES agrees to choose another Provider, it will make sure the Customer will be provided with a substitute Provider at the earliest opportunity. In case BIG INDUSTRIES does not succeed in providing the Customer with a qualified substitute Provider within a period of two weeks, the Customer shall be entitled to terminate the present Agreement.
In case, during the term of the present Agreement, the specifications as regards to the content for the execution of the present Agreement are changed, the Customer will compensate BIG INDUSTRIES for any required further training of the Provider. If the Customer provides the Provider with its own training courses, the costs for these training courses shall be paid by the Customer, unless stated otherwise in the Specific Terms and Conditions.
BIG INDUSTRIES shall notify the Customer in time in case there are any planned interruptions of the execution of the Services.
Stipulations of Fees and Payment Methods
The Customer hereby acknowledges to pay a fee equal to the number of actual working (hours or) days, multiplied by the rates as stated and agreed upon in the Specific Terms and Conditions. These fees do not include VAT, nor any other taxes or duties imposed by government authorities. Unless stated otherwise in the Specific Terms and Conditions, these fees do include moving and transport time and/or expenses.
These rates may be adapted by BIG INDUSTRIES on an annual basis on the expiry date of the Agreement, based on the following calculation formula:
New rate =
Basic rate * (0.2 + 0.8 * New index )/Initial index
Basic rate: the rate at the start of the Agreement;
Initial index: the "national average salary costs" reference index as published by Agoria for the month preceding the date on which the Agreement is signed;
New index: the "national average salary costs" reference index as published by Agoria for the month preceding the expiry date of the Agreement.
With respect to the execution of the Services, BIG INDUSTRIES will commit itself to adapt to and plan in accordance with the working hours schedule of the Customer. Unless stated otherwise in the Specific Agreement, the working hours schedule shall consist of 38 hours per week.
If more than 38 working hours are to be performed, the following rate increase shall be charged (not combined):
- Hours worked > 38 hours/week: + 50%
- Hours worked between 10 PM and 7 AM: + 100%
- Hours worked on Saturdays: +50%
- Hours worked on Sundays or legal public holidays: + 100%
The Provider will make sure his working hours sheet is signed by the Customer for approval, using the appropriate working hours account forms.
Every month, BIG INDUSTRIES shall send an invoice to the Customer stating the fees as stated above.
All invoices become payable 30 days following the invoice date, unless stated otherwise in the Specific Terms and Conditions. In the absence of a written letter of protest for an invoice, which needs to be sent within a period of 8 working days following the mailing date of the invoice, the invoice and all services stated on the invoice are considered to be irrevocably accepted and approved. As the payment term expires, the Customer shall legally and without any prior notification or reminder be declared to be in default. When the payment term has expired, the Customer shall be obliged to pay a conventional moratory interest equal to the interest rate as stipulated in Article 5 of the Law on Payment Arrears (the Law of August 2nd, 2002, published in the Belgian Official Gazette on August 7th, 2002), increased with 3%.
Furthermore, for each unpaid amount the Customer shall also be obliged to pay fixed damages to the amount of 15% for the first installment of 4,000 EUR, 10% for the second installment of 4,000 up to 12,500 EUR, and 7.5% for any installment exceeding 12,500 EUR; without prejudice to the BIG INDUSTRIES' right to claim additional damages for any judicial and legal collection charges.
BIG INDUSTRIES retains the right to claim a higher amount for damages if it can provide evidence for any higher damages it has actually suffered.
If, at the sole discretion of BIG INDUSTRIES, the Customer's solvency situation causes more than a reasonable doubt, BIG INDUSTRIES is entitled to ask the Customer, even after the Agreement has been closed, to provide the collateral as requested by BIG INDUSTRIES for the payment of any Services still to be carried out, and BIG INDUSTRIES has the right to postpone the execution of these Services as long as the requested collateral has not been provided.
BIG INDUSTRIES shall carry out the assignment in accordance with the present Agreement to the best of its ability, and BIG INDUSTRIES will take into account any instructions and directives BIG INDUSTRIES receives from the Customer.
Because BIG INDUSTRIES, in accordance with the present Agreement, will be carrying out activities which constitute a part of the Customer's specific projects, only the Customer shall be held fully liable and responsible for these projects.
With respect to the present Article, 1) any company which is an affiliated company in accordance with Art. 11 of the Company Law Code or any other company of the group, and 2) any employee or self-employed person who is commissioned or contracted by BIG INDUSTRIES or any legally equal and equivalent company to execute and carry out the Services, shall be considered to be legally equal and equivalent to BIG INDUSTRIES.
Any liability to which BIG INDUSTRIES may be held, shall ensue from an agreement of performance, and needs to be solidly substantiated by the Customer.
BIG INDUSTRIES shall only be held liable to restore any direct damages it has caused, as a result of the specific activities carried out by BIG INDUSTRIES as stipulated in the present Agreement, this however limited to the amount indebted by the Customer for the specific service or, if the specific services run over several years, the amount indebted by the Customer for the specific services in the twelve (12) months preceding the event giving rise to liability, except in case of misconduct or fraud, regardless of whether the claim was issued on a contractual basis or on a non-contractual basis.
BIG INDUSTRIES cannot be held liable for the following issues:
- any compensations to be paid by BIG INDUSTRIES for any indirect damages or consequential damages, including financial or commercial loss, loss of profit, an increase of overall expenses, any delays in planning, loss of expected profit, investments, customer base, etc.;
- any damages due to an error committed by the Customer;
- any compensations for any and all direct and indirect damages due to the use of the delivered Product;
- any compensations for damages fully or partly caused by the software or hardware delivered or produced by third parties, or by any other asset at the premises of the Customer's company, or which may have been introduced at the premises of the Customer's company after the Agreement was closed;
- all claims submitted by third parties against the Customer.
In case, after their delivery, the developed components shall be used to continue their development or for commercialization, the Customer shall safeguard BIG INDUSTRIES against any claims for damages submitted by third parties, even if it appears that the cause of these damages may originally be attributed to the Services delivered by BIG INDUSTRIES.
These liability limitations shall remain in force even if BIG INDUSTRIES was notified by the Customer that there is a real and actual risk of damages. The Parties hereby acknowledge that this is a reasonable way of sharing the risks.
General Stipulations
The present Agreement shall be governed by Belgian law. In case of any disputes with regard to the execution and/or interpretation of the present Agreement, only the Court of Commerce of Antwerp (Belgium) shall be considered to be competent. The Customer can only issue a claim with respect to the services provided within a period of 6 months following the incident which may give cause to such a claim or if the Customer, within a period of one month after the incident has notified BIG INDUSTRIES about it.
The present Agreement, nor any of its ensuing rights or obligations, can be transferred, fully or partly, without the explicit and written approval and consent of both Parties.
BIG INDUSTRIES is entitled to contract or commission subcontractors for the execution of the present Agreement. Contracting or commissioning a subcontractor shall always occur under the responsibility of BIG INDUSTRIES and shall by no means result in any additional costs for the Customer whatsoever.
BIG INDUSTRIES and the Customer shall each appoint their own representative, as stated in the Specific Terms and Conditions. These representatives shall meet at regular intervals in order to set up a schedule and planning, and to supervise the execution of the Agreement.
If one of the stipulations of the present Agreement proves to be invalid or void, this can by no means have an influence on the general validity and legitimacy of the other stipulations, despite the fact that the contested clause is invalid and void. The Parties, by mutual agreement, shall take all measures possible to have the invalid stipulation replaced by a valid and legitimate stipulation with the same or largely the same economic effect as the invalid stipulation. If no claim is submitted for a specific right or if no sanction is imposed by one of the Parties, this by no means will constitute a waiver of these rights.
In case of a contradiction between the General Terms and Conditions and the Specific Terms and Conditions, the Specific Terms and Conditions shall take precedence.
BIG INDUSTRIES carries out the present Agreement at its own free will and as an independent party. There will be no hierarchic relationship between BIG INDUSTRIES and the Customer, nor between the Customer and the Providers as contracted or commissioned by BIG INDUSTRIES.
Regardless of the type and/or financial value of the legal act to be substantiated, BIG INDUSTRIES is at all times entitled to substantiate this act based on the following additional evidence: a copy or reproduction, whatever its type and format (carbon copy, photocopy, microfilm, scan, …), transmitted using a storage medium or by fax, telex, and e-mail.
Any such evidence material shall have the same evidential value as any private agreement drawn up and signed in accordance with the stipulations of the Civil Code.
Big Industries NV
YOU THINK BIG, YOU GET BIG
Veldkant 33a,
2550 Kontich, Belgium
E info@bigindustries.be
9am – 5pm CET
© Big Industries 2021 - all rights reserved

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
SPONSORED BY:
Legislative Days 5 – 8
January 26, 2021, to January 29, 2021
After a week of Appropriation meetings, Session resumed Tuesday the 26th in a roaring fashion. The switch has been thrown, and the horse race took off. The House set the Legislative Adjournment Schedule for the next eight days (H.R.31).Telling us that the two-week increments will continue until further notice. At this point, it is unclear as to when Crossover will occur. Lori and I had the opportunity to go to the Capitol for some introductions and meetings since this is my first Session at the Capitol. I got to see firsthand the new protocols and procedures with all its yellow tape this year in person. Bi-weekly Covid test per Member and Staff every week administered by GA-Tech looks to be very robust. It was good to see firsthand how seriously this was being taken for the safety of every member, the staff, and our friends at the Capitol. As for the numerous bills being dropped for first reads and committee meetings starting up, it has shown that this Session will be as unique as they come. For this week, all eyes were on the Budget and getting Committee meetings lined up and rolling.
The real highlight of this week was seeing the Appropriation General Budget Bill move so quickly to come to a vote just yesterday in the House with only an hour and half of the whole House Committee deliberation. The House voted a "Do Pass" and Immediate transfer to the Senate's Appropriations Committee. This usually doesn't happen as quickly as this occurred, but with all eyes aimed at the National Pandemic, the Vaccine, and Georgia's Health and Economic wellbeing, keeping everything moving is a priority.
House Announces Committees
Last week, the House announced the new House Committee Assignments. With 24 new Representatives after the last election , it was not surprising that there was quite a bit of change over. Looking at Banks and Banking, Rep. Greg Morris was reappointed as Chairman for Banks and Banking. Another committee that we often follow is the House Judiciary. Rep. Chuck Efstration was appointed Chairman for Judiciary.
Please see below the announced committee membership for Banks and Banking and House Judiciary:
- Banks and Banking –
Greg Morris Chairman
Bill Yearta Vice Chairman Change to Position
Randy Nix Secretary
Kimberly Alexander Member
Erick Allen Member
Jasmine Clark Member New Member to Committee
Clint Crowe Member New Member to Committee
Robert Dickey Member
Demetrius Douglas Member
Emory Dunahoo Member
Gloria Frazier Member
Lee Hawkins Member
Penny Houston Member
Carolyn Hugley Member New Member to Committee
David Knight Member
Regina Lewis-Ward Member New Member to Committee
Pedro Marin Member
Billy Mitchell Member
Beth Moore Member
Butch Parish Member
Clay Prickle Member
Trey Rhodes Member
Will Wade Member New Member to Committee
Dale Washburn Member
Bruce Williamson Member
- Judiciary -
Chuck Efstration Chairman Change to Position
Stan Gunter Vice Chairman New Member to Committee
Mitchell Scoggins Secretary Change to Position
Roger Bruce Member
David Dreyer Member
Stacey Evans Member New Member to Committee
Barry Fleming Member Change to Position
Scott Holcomb Member
Todd Jones Member New Member to Committee
Trey Kelley Member Change to Position
Rob Leverett Member New Member to Committee
Mary Margaret Oliver Member
Bert Reeves Member
Bonnie Rich Member
Mike Wilensky Member
Matthew Wilson Member
James Burchett Ex-Officio Change to Position
Randy Nix Ex-Officio
As part of our advocacy efforts, we will be reaching out to new Committee members for the committees that we closely follow in the Session's coming weeks. We encourage you as bankers to introduce yourselves to new Banks and Banking Committee members, especially if you live in their districts.
After battling schedules and coordinating members' preferences for remote versus in person meetings, we successfully arranged many meetings with the Senators who sit on Banking and Financial Institutions and Senate Judiciary Committee members this week. These meetings allowed me to introduce myself with Lori, CBA, and Community Banking to our new members just coming in, and each meeting went great, and it was nice to put faces to names.
Legislation CBA is Tracking
For your reference, we have a tracking document that can be accessed at any time on our website that will show the bills we are tracking/monitoring. They are highlighted in different colors of importance for your convenience and are sorted from the top of the sheet by bill/resolution number. We are keeping everything as up to date as much as possible, given the circumstances surrounding the pandemic.
We have seen drafts of a Remote Online Notary bill that will be coming soon; however, the sponsor of the bill is still working to make changes to accommodate all interested parties. Once the bill drops, we will keep everyone updated on how this bill may impact community banks.
H.B. 19 was introduced in the House by Rep. Sandra Scott (D), Rex. The bill relates to the Georgia Uniform Civil Forfeiture Procedure Act to change the procedure of civil forfeiture proceedings the burden of proof for the government and allow public defenders to represent the party involved depending on certain criminal cases. The bill was assigned to the Judiciary Non-Civil Committee.
H.B. 90 was introduced in the House by Rep. Bruce Williamson (R), Monroe. The bill relates to the exemptions and limits of certain liabilities related to the buyers of property for damages related to the conversion of timber. The bill was assigned to the Judiciary Committee.
H.B. 104 was introduced in the House by Rep. Ron Stephens (R), Savannah. The bill relates to ad valorem tax to the county regarding entering into a rental agreement for renting equipment for use. The rental company will collect the county tax, and the tax collected will be used against the equipment's overall tax. The bill was assigned to the Ways & Means Committee.
H.B. 111 was introduced in the House by Rep. Bruce Williamson (R), Monroe. This is the annual GA. Dept. of Banking and Finance's Housekeeping bill. We will be highlighting this bill in the article below. Briefly, this bill relates to cleaning up language for internal processes for the Dept. The bill was assigned to the Banks and Banking Committee.
H.B. 112 was introduced in the House by Rep. Trey Kelley (R), Cedartown. The bill relates to COVID-19 and the liability and immunities for businesses and employers. The bill was assigned to the Special Committee on Access to the Civil Justice System.
H.B. 116 was introduced in the House by Rep. Dewey McCain (D), Lawrenceville. The bill relates to the minimum wage for employees. It will allow for an increase in the minimum wage and provide a credit to employers who participate in the wage increase. The bill was assigned to the Industry & Labor Committee.
H.B. 137 was introduced in the House by Rep. Mitchell Scoggins (R), Cartersville. The bill relates to the taxable income for a taxpayer's property to be exempt if the government decided to condemn the property. The bill was assigned to Ways & Means Committee.
H.B. 138 was introduced in the House by Rep. Mesha Mainor (D), Atlanta. The bill relates to the notices a landlord of leased property will be required to send to any leased property tenants related to crimes that have occurred on the leased property. The bill was assigned to the Judiciary Committee.
H.B. 142 was introduced in the House by Rep. Kasey Carpenter (R), Dalton. The bill relates to state income tax rate, computation, and exemptions for use against tax liability an insurance company has for certain qualified education tax credits that are used in LLC's, S-Corps and Partnerships. The bill was assigned to Ways & Means Committee.
H.B. 149 was introduced in the House by Rep. Bruce Williamson (R), Monroe. The bill relates to allowing income taxes for S-Corps and partnerships to file tax returns for certain elections. The bill was assigned to Ways & Means committee.
H.B. 181 was introduced in the House by Rep. Marvin Lim (D), Norcross. The bill relates to employers and their requirements for posting and the delivery of notices to employees. The bill was assigned to Industry and Labor committee.
H.B. 184 was introduced in the House by Rep. Marvin Lim (D), Norcross. The bill relates to unfair or deceptive practices in consumer transactions regarding the use of a rental property and real property to be used as a dwelling. The bill was assigned to Agriculture and Consumer Affairs committee.
H.R. 53 was introduced in the House by Rep. Kim Schofield (D), Atlanta. The resolution relates to Congress putting a hold on any credit downgrades for the three main credit reporting bureaus, Experian, Trans Union, and Equifax. The resolution was assigned to Heath and Human Services committee.
S.B. 14 was introduced in the Senate by Sen. Tonya Anderson (D), Lithonia. The bill relates to employee rights to their entire employee file when a former employer contests a claim on the applicant's employee benefits. It also seeks to change the Dept. of Labor employer separation requirements and procedure in these cases. The bill was assigned to the Insurance and Labor committee.
S.B. 24 was introduced in the Senate by Sen. Gloria Butler (D), Stone Mountain. The bill relates to the minimum wage for employees. It will allow for an increase in the minimum wage and provide a credit to employers who participate in the wage increase. The bill was assigned to the Insurance and Labor committee.
S.B. 45 was introduced in the Senate by Sen. Bruce Thompson (R), White. The bill relates to persons who move to Georgia and establish residency to get a professional practicing license for certain professions and occupations. The bill was assigned to the Regulated Industries and Utilities committee.
S.B. 49 was introduced in the Senate by Sen. Clint Dixon (R), Buford. The bill relates to standards and requirements for building construction and alterations. Allows for use of a private professional provider to handle planning review, permitting, and inspection of the construction and alterations. The bill was assigned to the State and Local Government Operations committee.
Housekeeping Bill
The Georgia Department of Banking and Finance has Released their annual Housekeeping bill (H.B. 111). H.B. 111 was introduced in the House by Rep. Bruce Williams (R), Monroe. Lori and I are very much involved in actively tracking this bill as it moves through the committee.
We have received a section by section breakdown of H.B. 111 from Deputy Commissioner Bo Fears with the Department of Banking and Finance that is provided below:
Section by Section Breakdown of the bill
Lines 28-37– (7-1-131) – Typically, a name reservation with the Secretary of State's office is good for just one month. This language provides that a name reservation for a financial institution is valid for a period of 6 months as the process to convert a charter or merge institutions typically takes substantially more than one month. The proposed revisions are acceptable to the Secretary of State's office.
Lines 41-59– (7-1-234) – Last session, the General Assembly enacted legislation permitting the Department to conduct a criminal background check of the directors and officers of an institution that seeks to acquire a state-chartered trust company. The revised language seeks to address concerns expressed by the FBI by limiting the scope of the background authority to individuals when there is an actual change in controlling influence of the institution.
Lines 63-79– (7-1-243) – This language clarifies that an out-of-state bank can use "bank" in its name and an out-of-state credit union can use "credit union" in its name so long as the out-of-state entity has federal deposit insurance.
Lines 83-94– (7-1-293) – In 2016, we amended the Code to strike the references to building and loan associations as these entities are no longer a legally recognized charter (HB811). This revision eliminates a surviving reference.
Section 5 and Section 30
Lines 98-122 & 494-516 (7-1-432 & 7-1-651.1) – Outside of the Governor's current Executive Orders, shareholder meetings for banks and member meetings for credit unions must be held in person. The proposed revision permits banks and credit unions to hold hybrid shareholder and member meetings where there is an option for individuals to participate either in person or remotely. Safeguards must be in place to permit shareholders and members to participate concurrently, vote electronically, and confirm that participants are shareholders or members. The revision also permits a bank or credit union to hold a remote only meeting in the event of a declared state of emergency and with the approval of the Department.
Lines 127 – 143 & 546-549– (7-1-483 & 7-1-656) – The proposed language mirrors language in the corporate code and the non-profit code permitting the boards of banks and credit unions to meet remotely.
Section 7, Section 8, and Section 12 through 22
Lines 148-155; 161-164; 221-413– (7-1-530; 7-1-531; 7-1-550 through 7-1-557, 7-1-571, 7-1-628, 7-1-628.2) – Georgia law currently addresses intrastate mergers involving state-chartered banks in Part 14 of the Code but intrastate mergers involving a state bank with a national bank are addressed in Part 15 of the Code. There are a lot of redundancies in these two provisions. The revisions collapse these two provisions so that intrastate mergers, whether or not involving a national bank, are solely addressed in Part 14 of the Code.
Section 9, Section 11, Section 13 through 15, and Section 18
Lines 169-214, 248-303, 356-377– (7-1-532, 7-1-535, 7-1-534, 7-1-551, 7, 1-552, 7-1-553, 7-1-556) – As part of its review of mergers and conversions, the Department has identified a number of revisions to the intrastate merger and conversion laws. The change are as follows: The proposed language eliminates the requirement that the Department approve a merger or conversion if the surviving entity will not be an entity regulated by the Department but, instead, that certain notification and documents must be provided to the Department before the state bank charter is extinguished. In addition, the proposed change provides that if a merger or conversion requires the approval of a federal regulator, the Department can elect to not act on the application until the federal regulator makes a determination. Also, the proposed language provides that the articles of merger or conversion must contain the county of residence instead of the street address of the Board members. In addition, the provision removes the requirement that the Department consider the convenience and need of the community in evaluating a merger application as both banks are already in the location and, thus, are being supported by the community. Finally, the proposed amendment eliminates the publication requirement for conversion from a national bank to a state-chartered bank as there is no meaningful consequences to consumers as a result of the conversion and eliminates language providing the merger publication must be paid with a specific instrument.
Section 23 through 29
Lines 417-490– (7-1-628.3, 7-1-628.7, 7-1-628.8, 7-1-628.9, 7-1-628.10, 7-1-628.12, & 7-1-628.13) – As part of its review of merger and conversion laws, the Department has also identified a number of revisions to the interstate merger laws. The changes are as follows: The amendment expressly provide that an out-of-state bank can open a de novo branch or acquire an existing branch so long as the out-of-state bank has FDIC insurance and the action has been approved by the regulator of the out-of-state bank. In addition, the proposed language strikes language indicating that the Department can conduct a safety and soundness examination of an out-of-state bank since the Department does not have regulatory authority over out-of-state banks. Also, the amendment eliminates language suggesting that only an out-of-state bank without a branch in Georgia can merge with a Georgia state bank. In addition, the amendment eliminates the requirement that out-of-state banks operating inside of the State provide the Department with their quarterly call reports. Finally, the amendment strikes the requirement that an out-of-state bank with a location in Georgia notify the Department that it is merging with a bank not regulated by the Department.
Lines 521-540 - (7-1-653) – The amendment provides that the Board of a credit union, by a 2/3 vote, can establish a policy to expel members for certain types of behavior detrimental to the credit union. If a credit union adopts such policy, then the member can be expelled immediately as opposed to waiting for the Board to have an individual vote on the member. This language is modelled on the NCUA's expulsion provision for federal credit unions.
Section 33 and Section 34
Lines 553-639 - (7-1-667 & 7-1-668) – Historically, the Department has utilized review processes for credit union mergers and conversions that were taken from the bank provisions. This amendment would codify those practices. Specifically, for mergers, the amendment sets forth what must be contained in the articles of merger as well as the factors the Department must consider in acting upon a merger application. For conversions, the amendment sets forth what must be contained in the articles of conversion, the materials that must be submitted to the Department as part of the application, the factors the Department must consider in acting upon a conversion application, and the timeframe in which the Department must act on the application. This amendment will provide some certainty to credit unions related to the Department's expectations and the standards that will be applied.
Lines 643-649 - (7-1-682) – The proposed amendment clarifies that in order for a financial institution to be exempt from obtaining a money transmitter or seller of payment instrument license it must have deposits that are federally insured.
Lines 654-665 – (7-1-1001) – The proposed amendment clarifies that the exemption from obtaining a mortgage license applies to federal, state, or municipal governments but does not apply to other independent sovereigns such as a foreign government.
Lines 670-731 – (7-3-11) – The installment loan act provides that payments must be made in equal installments and that the term of a loan cannot exceed 36 months and 15 days. These provisions are a significant obstacle to borrowers and lenders entering into a deferment agreement. The proposed amendment provides that borrowers and lenders have the discretion to enter into 2 types of deferment agreements. The parties can agree to a "hardship deferment" which can be for however long the parties agree and in which no fees and charges are imposed or incurred during the deferment period. Alternatively, the parties can agree to a "convenience deferment" which permits the licensee to charge a deferment fee, which can't exceed the amount of interest owed on the outstanding loan amount, but no other charges or fees can be imposed or accrue during the deferment period. A convenience deferral can only be for a maximum term of 4 months. The amendment provides a number of situations where the convenience deferral fee must be refunded or credited to the borrower. Finally, the amendment provides the terms and conditions that must be contained in a deferment agreement
Lines 627-711 – (7-6A-2) – The changes reflect the changes in the citation numbers to certain federal laws and regulations.
The Power of Change! - 53rd Annual Convention & Mini-Trade Show
Join us Wednesday-Sunday, June 2-6, 2021 at the Beautiful Ritz-Carlton, Amelia Island, Florida for CBA's 53rd Annual Convention & Mini-Trade Show. Click here for more information.
Legislative Days 1 – 4
January 11, 2021 to January 14, 2021
Weekly updates will change a little this year as there will be a team of two down at the dome. Tyler Eck recently joined our team as CBA of GA's new Government and Regulatory Relations Associate. Tyler came highly recommended from previously working at Congressman Drew Ferguson's office and will be a great addition to our team. I couldn't be more excited to have Tyler join me in advocating for Community Banks with our elected officials.
This session will go down as another notorious historic year. The pandemic still looms over everyone's heads, and new procedures and protocols are in place to keep everyone safe under the dome. Meaning there are already several challenges to overcome that we are happy to take on. There are quite a few new faces around the Capital this session; 24 new House representatives and 11 new Senators this new cycle took their oath and were sworn in. The House and Senate remain under a Republican majority at 103-77 in the House and 34-22 in the Senate. Please see below the list of new Representatives and Senators and who they replaced:
-Freshman Representatives and Senators-
Rep. Mike Cameron (R) Dist. 1 Replaced Colton Moore
Rep. Stan Gunter (R) Dist. 8 Replaced Matt Gurtler
Rep. Will Wade (R) Dist. 9 Replaced Kevin Tanner
Rep. Victor Anderson (R) Dist. 10 Replaced Terry Rogers
Rep. Charlice Byrd (R) Dist. 20 Replaced Michael Caldwell
Rep. Brad Thomas (R) Dist. 21 Replaced Scot Turner
Rep. Lauren McDonald (R) Dist. 26 Replaced Marc Morris
Rep. Rob Leverett (R) Dist. 33 Replaced Tom McCall
Rep. Shea Roberts (D) Dist. 52 Replaced Deborah Silcox
Rep. Mesha Mainor (D) Dist. 56 Replaced Able Marble Thomas
Rep. Mandisha Thomas (D) Dist. 65 Replaced Sharon Beasley-Teague
Rep. Yasmin Neal (D) Dist. 74 Replaced Valencia Stovall
Rep. Zulma Lopez (D) Dist. 86 Replaced Michele Henson
Rep. Rhonda Taylor (D) Dist. 91 Replaced Vernon Jones
Rep. Marvin Lim (D) Dist. 99 Replaced Brenda Lopez-Romero
Rep. Rebecca Mitchell (D) Dist. 106 Replaced Brett Harrell
Rep. Regina Lewis-Ward (D) Dist. 109 Replaced Dale Rutledge
Rep. Clint Crowe (R) Dist. 110 Replaced Dale Rutledge
Rep. Sharon Henderson (D) Dist. 113 Replaced Pam Dickerson
Rep. Beth Camp (R) Dist. 131 Replaced Ken Pullin
Rep. David Jenkins (R) Dist. 132 Replaced Bob Trammell
Rep. Robert Pruitt (R) Dist. 149 Replaced Jimmy Pruett
Rep. Derek Mallow (D) Dist. 163 Replaced Craig Gordon
Rep. Buddy Deloach (R) Dist. 167 Replaced Jeff Jones
Sen. Shelia McNeil (R) Dist. 3 Replaced William Ligon
Sen. Billy Hickman (R) Dist. 4 Replaced Jack Hill
Sen. Russ Goodman (R) Dist. 8 Replaced Ellis Black
Sen. Nikki Merrit (D) Dist. 9 Replaced PK Martin
Sen. Max Burns (R) Dist. 23 Replaced Jesse Stone
Sen. Jason Anavitarte (R) Dist. 31 Replaced Bill Heath
Sen. Sonya Halpern (D) Dist. 39 Replaced Nikema Williams
Sen. Kim Jackson (D) Dist. 41 Replaced Steve Henson
Sen. Clint Dixon (R) Dist. 45 Replaced Renee Unterman
Sen. Michelle Au (D) Dist. 48 Replaced Zahra Karinshak
Sen. Bo Hatchett (R) Dist. 50 Replaced John Wilkerson
The session began with all the formalities and resolutions to open and start both chambers. House Resolution 10 (H.R. 10) was introduced and outlines the adjournment schedule for legislative days for the first five days of the 40-day session. Next week, the Legislature will use the days for Joint Appropriation (budget) hearings and will not convene formally for a legislative day. Day 5 of the session will be January 26, 2021, so there will be no blog updates next week. On Day 4 of the session, the chambers combined (remotely) for a Joint session for the Governor's State of the State address.
New Committee Membership
This week, the Senate formally announced new Committee membership for the 2021 Legislative Session. We are still awaiting Committee assignments for the House. All Senate Committee membership can be found here. Two of the committees that we closely follow during session in the Senate are the Banking & Financial Institutions and Judiciary Committee. Both Committees had notable changes to their membership, which are outlined below.
As part of our advocacy efforts, we will be reaching out to new Committee members for the committees that we closely follow in the coming weeks of the session. We encourage you as bankers to introduce yourselves to new Banking Committee members, especially if you live in their districts.
The new banking committee Chairman is Senator Matt Brass. Senator Brass is Tyler's Senator as he lives in that district and Tyler has known him for years. Another notable announcement was the appointment of Senator Brain Strickland as Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee. Senator Strickland takes the helm from Senator Jesse Stone, who did not run for re-election.
- Banking and Financial Institutions-
Matt Brass Chairman New Member to Committee
John Kennedy Vice Chairman
Ed Harbison Secretary
Jason Anavitarte Member New Member to Committee
Clint Dixon Member New Member to Committee
Sonya Halpern Member New Member to Committee
Emanuel Jones Member New Member to Committee
Jennifer Jordan Member
Butch Miller Member
Bruce Thompson Ex-Officio Change to Position
- Judiciary-
Brian Strickland Chairman Change to Position
Bill Cowsert Vice Chairman
John Kennedy Secretary Change to Position
Bo Hatchett Member New Member to Committee
Harold Jones II Member
Kay Kirkpatrick Member New Member to Committee
Elena Parent Member
Michael "Doc" Rhett Member
Blake Tillery Member Change to Position
Ben Watson Member New Member to Committee
Each week, we will outline new bills that have been introduced in either the House or the Senate that we are tracking that may impact community banks in Georgia. As the bills proceed through the process, we will provide updates to you and outline any important changes that are made to the bill as they occur. For your reference, we have a tracking document that can be accessed at anytime on our website that will show ALL legislation that is moving through the legislative process with bills we are tracking/monitoring highlighted for your convenience.
H.B. 63 was introduced in the House by Rep. Shaw Blackmon (R), Bonaire. The bill relates to
alternative ad valorem tax on motor vehicles and revises the definition of fair market value of the motor vehicle to exclude certain interest and financing charges for leased motor vehicles. The bill was assigned to the Ways & Means Committee.
H.B. 29 was introduced in the House by Rep. Dar'shun Kendrick (D), Lithonia. The bill looks to require the Office of Planning and Budget (OPB) to prepare and publish an annual report on Georgia's wealth. The bill as assigned to the Appropriations Committee. We will be monitoring this bill to determine where OPB would gather this information from and if this would place any undue burden on our banks.
H.B. 74 was introduced in the House by Rep. Dale Washburn (R), Macon. The bill looks to add language related to the unlawful transfer of deed or title of a property from one person to another without the property owner's knowledge or consent. The bill was assigned to the Judiciary Non-Civil Committee.
S.B. 1 was introduced in the Senate by Sen. Dean Burke (R), Bainbridge. The bill relates to the review of tax credits filed by any entity. The bill was assigned to the Finance Committee. The bill outlines a long list of Code Sections that could potentially be impacted. Given the scope of this legislation, we will be monitoring the bill to make sure there is no material impact to our community banks or their small business customers.
S.B. 6 was introduced in the Senate by Sen. John Albers (R), Roswell. The bill provides for an economic analysis for exemption, exclusion, or deduction from the base of a tax; credit against a tax; deferral of a tax; a rebate of taxes paid; tax abatement; or, preferential tax rate. The bill was assigned to the Finance Committee.
Lastly, we would like to sincerely thank everyone who has donated to our PAC/PR Funds. Without those contributions, we couldn't do what needs to be done at the Capital without your support. Your contributions allow us to be as effective as possible as we interact with legislators and legislation. From the bottom of the CBA of GA's team & family, we thank you. For 2021, we are starting the year off fresh and working to build our PAC/PR balance for the year. If you have not made a contribution in 2021 thus far, then we encourage you to do so. For more information, visit our website for information on how to contribute. Be on the lookout in our weekly eNewsletter for a shout out to those that have made a PAC/PR contribution as a means of saying thanks publicly!
Lori Godfrey
EVP, Chief of Staff, Government & Regulatory Relations
Tracking Document
Update Archives
CBA ADVOCACY OVERVIEW


The panic began to set in for Donald McCorquindale when he realised he couldn't get back to shore on his own.
The waves were big and a strong wind was up, it was blowing the 59-year-old further and further out.
McCorquindale couldn't touch the bottom and he was starting to feel tired.
Each time a new wave approached, he tried to catch it in – only to slip off the back.
"And that's when I realised I was in trouble."
Yesterday, McCorquindale was back at Mount Maunganui Main Beach, looking out at where it all went wrong.
He was there to meet his rescuer – 13-year-old Ian Pugh – who he hadn't had a chance to thank.
The Tauranga teenager is not yet old enough to become an official lifeguard and has had just two months of surf lifesaving training.
But instinct overcame inexperience last Friday.
McCorquindale was out for a body-board with his son and a friend from Matamata.
The dairy farmer of 34 years, who recently left his farm and shifted to Cambridge, said he has been holidaying in Mount Maunganui, and swimming at Main Beach, for more than 10 years. He had never had any issues before.
McCorquindale said the wind was blowing offshore last Friday and some of the bigger waves – "the nicest ones to catch" – were a bit further out.
He said before he realised it, he couldn't touch the sand any more.
"And then the wind that was blowing us took us further back and it wasn't long before I realised that I couldn't catch the waves back in."
McCorquindale told his friend and fellow body-boarder, Cameron Houghton, that he was in trouble and they both tried to swim back to shore, but failed.
They then attempted another method.
McCorquindale grabbed hold of Houghton's foot, "and he was swimming and I was kicking and then a wave split us in half".
"I was panicking at that stage and, because I'd tried to get in, I was running out of puff, you know, and that was the scary part," McCorquindale said.
It was around this time that Houghton managed to get the attention of Ian Pugh, who had just finished a surf lifesaving training session and was heading out to catch a few waves.
Pugh said yesterday: "They were out quite far and the waves kept breaking on them and they were getting pushed along towards the rocks.
"And there was a rip so I just thought I should go and have a look and see if they're all right."
He gave McCorquindale his long kneeboard and took the body-board in return.
After a few failed attempts to steady himself, McCorquindale managed to get on the kneeboard and was then guided and pushed through the shorebreak.
He was met by a couple of senior lifeguards and Pugh's coaches, who helped him back to the beach.
McCorquindale said he felt a sense of relief as his feet touched down on the sand again.
Looking back, he said all common sense went out the window.
"You do try to get back on your own ... because I had another guy there with me, I was hoping we could get through it. But we couldn't."
Pugh, who plans on becoming a lifeguard when he turns 14, has been playing down the rescue and spoke sparingly and humbly about it yesterday.
"It's just keeping people safe, I guess," he said quietly at one point when asked about his motivation.
The Bethlehem College student appeared reluctant to be the centre of attention, but has nevertheless been receiving plenty of praise from his coaches and senior lifeguards.
One of them, who was on the beach at the time and quickly ran to assist, yesterday spoke of Pugh's natural ability and great potential.
"By the time we were there, Ian had basically taken over and already helped out," Hamish Miller said.
"Ian did an awesome job ... he knew exactly what to do."
Meanwhile, McCorquindale said yesterday that he had not been back in the water since the rescue. He was planning on doing so soon, he said, but it would be between the flags this time.
The preventable fatal drowning toll for the official holiday period was four, according to the latest Water Safety New Zealand figures.
That is half of last year's toll for the same period (4pm, December 24 to 6am, January 3).
Water Safety New Zealand chief executive Jonty Mills said it had been another holiday period of record rescues and callouts "which indicates the toll could have easily been much worse".
While encouraged by the latest figures, Mills said one preventable drowning was one too many, and was a tragedy for all families and communities involved.


If you're looking for an extra push during your workout, you might want to be careful about what you're chugging to get it. Drinking caffeinated energy drinks before working out can make your sleep suffer later on, new research from Spain suggests.
In the study, trained athletes who had avoided caffeine for 48 hours consumed an energy drink containing about 1.3 mg of caffeine per pound of bodyweight 60 minutes before completing a workout. That's the equivalent of a 180-pound guy consuming 234 mg of caffine, or about one and a half 16-ounce cans of Monster Energy. (While that amount of caffeine may seem high, previous research found no performance effects at a lower dose.) They repeated this one week later, except without the caffeine.
After drinking the caffeinated energy drink, their self-reported ratings of muscle power were 13 percent higher than they were without the jolt—but they were much more likely to have trouble sleeping afterwards. Nearly one in three caffeine-pounders reported insomnia later that night, a rate three times higher than when their beverages were caffeine-free. They were also more likely to feel nervous, too.
When you take caffeine before exercising, it blocks your receptors for adenosine, a neurotransmitter which sends fatigue signals to your body, says study author Juan Del Coso, Ph.D. It also increases the secretion of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline, which spark alertness and contribute to feelings of nervousness.
And ditching the Monster for coffee won't help you catch some shuteye. It's the caffeine in these energy drinks that are causing the stimulating effects. So guzzling coffee with a similar dose of caffeine before working out can leave you just as likely to toss and turn in bed later that night, says Del Coso.
If you're an elite athlete looking for a performance boost or an average guy trying to beat his personal best, you can limit yourself to a max of 1.3 mg of caffeine per pound of bodyweight before exercise—the amount tested in the study. Just know that you'll probably be suffering minor sleep side effects afterwards, he says.
But the best bet for guys who work out for fun or just to stay in shape is to reduce the amount of caffeine they're taking in to a level that'll keep them side-effect free, which varies for each person. One way: Keep a journal of your daily caffeine intake and nightly sleep quality. It'll help you determine how much caffeine you can tolerate, without leading to sleepless nights.
Want to see how your favorite caffeine sources measure up? Check out the chart below.
Do the Ingredients in Energy Drinks Work?


text:
Mental health awareness in the workplace - what can employers do?
United Kingdom May 30 2019
The statistics
Recent research carried out by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development has revealed that mental ill-health is now the leading cause of long-term sickness absence for more than one in five organisations in the UK. The Mental Health Foundation has also reported that, each year in the UK, 70 million workdays are lost due to mental ill-health. This covers a wide range of illnesses including depression, anxiety and other stress-related issues.
There is also evidence to suggest that the number of disability discrimination claims brought in the employment tribunals increased by more than 35 per cent between 2017 and 2018, and has increased by 99 per cent since 2013.
One potential reason for this sharp increase might be the abolition of tribunal fees, with more individuals willing to bring discrimination claims. However, a recent analysis has found that discrimination claims have risen eight times faster than the increase in other employment tribunal claims. This could suggest that the rise may be driven by more individuals suffering from greater workplace stress than in previous years.
Unfortunately, many staff are uncomfortable talking about issues with which they are struggling and this applies far more to mental health issues (for fear of looking weak) than physical ones. However, mental health issues, when not dealt with in a coordinated manner, can impact organisations in various ways. They can lead to increased instances of absences and staff turnover, which, in turn, can lead to a loss of productivity, loss of key skills and potential reputational and legal risks. Each of these elements, alone or together, can have material cost consequences for a business.
Employers have a general duty to promote the health, safety and wellbeing of their staff, as far as reasonably practicable. This applies equally to physical and mental health. Without giving this duty proper weight, organisations can be faced with numerous tricky scenarios including extended periods of absence, episodes of poor performance, and allegations of bullying and harassment. Employers should therefore ensure that they give this responsibility due regard by making regular health and safety assessments. In terms of mental health considerations, this could include risk assessments to ascertain whether their staff's workload is appropriate. Breaches of the general duty can result in criminal liability as well as other civil claims.
The most obvious claim that might arise in connection with an individual's mental ill-health is a potential disability discrimination claim under the Equality Act 2010, if the mental ill-health has a substantial, adverse and long-term effect on the individual's ability to carry out day-to-day activities. Employers must not treat staff less favourably because of their disability or for a reason related to their disability. Employers have a duty to make reasonable adjustments for any employee experiencing a disability under the Equality Act 2010. Reasonable adjustments for an individual with mental health issues could include adjusting their duties, reducing their working time and allowing time off for treatment.
If an employee has been dismissed by reason of incapability due to mental ill-health, this could give rise to claims both for unfair dismissal and for disability discrimination. Capability is a potentially fair reason for dismissal. However, for an organisation to avoid liability, this must be supported (among other things) by a fair process, sufficient medical evidence and a demonstration that alternatives to dismissal have been considered. Remember that compensation for discrimination claims is uncapped.
There is also a risk that, if an individual has had an excessive workload or been bullied and harassed, they might have suffered personal injury as a result. This could expose the organisation to a potential negligence claim.
The recommendations
The Stevenson-Farmer review of mental health and employers, published in October 2017, sets out what employers can do to better support employees, including those with mental health problems, to remain in and thrive through work. The review includes a comprehensive analysis that explores the significant cost of poor mental health to UK businesses and the wider economy. The government has pledged to commit to its 40 recommendations. However, there are many steps that organisations can take now to try to promote positive mental health in their work place.
Review policies: with workplace stress and other mental health issues on the rise in the UK, it is even more important to ensure that organisations review their health and wellbeing related policies to ensure that they are up to date and robust. That will enable managers to be well equipped to tackle the tricky scenarios that can arise from mental health issues.
Train line managers: in order to ensure organisations' policies and procedures are followed correctly, line managers should be given focused training. Often line managers see employees every day. If they are provided with appropriate training, along with support from occupational health, they are more likely to be able to identify early signs of common mental health problems, such as stress and depression. Line managers also have an important role in reassuring employees that mental health issues are as important as physical health issues.
Launch or refresh workplace wellbeing schemes: such schemes can be invaluable in providing staff with a tool to talk openly about their mental health. If new schemes are launched or existing ones refreshed, employees might accept that mental health is not a "taboo" subject and might feel encouraged to seek support before they become overwhelmed by the issues with which they are faced. The effect of encouraging a culture where these points can be discussed openly should not be underestimated.
Track absence: by tracking absence closely, managers can better identify when staff are frequently absent due to sickness, or absent more often than usual. Such patterns could indicate an underlying medical condition that has previously escaped the organisation's awareness, thus tracking absence might assist in providing support at an earlier stage than would otherwise have been the case.
Appoint a mental health first aider: some organisations might decide that the size of their business is such that it is appropriate to introduce mental health first aiders to their workplace. Mental Health First Aid England has helpfully published a guide to provide further details on how to become a certified mental health first aider, the main responsibilities associated with the role and how best to engage with employers in promoting positive mental health.
Review and audit strategy: organisations that have not yet addressed the mental health of their staff should use Mental Health Awareness Week, and the following weeks, as an impetus to review and audit their strategy to ensure that it is meeting the needs of both the business and its staff.
Reinforce positive working cultures: if there is a culture where staff feel they are able to take their full annual leave entitlement or discuss mental health issues as freely as physical health issues, staff will have a proper chance to rest and deal with any issues that might otherwise become amplified.
Recognise what works: where organisations already have robust processes, procedures, schemes and support in place, managers should take time to reflect and recognise which aspects of the measures work. Where a proactive approach already exists, for example offering enhanced annual leave or promoting flexible and agile working, this should be maintained in order to continue the support and preventative steps in place to protect staff.
Dentons - Virginia K Allen, Sarah Beeby, Ryan Carthew , Mark Hamilton and Jessica Pattinson
Register of Beneficial Owners of Overseas Entities coming your way in 2021 *
N v. The Royal Bank of Scotland Plc *
Limitation of liability: consequential or indirect loss *
Magistrate who said same-sex adoption not in best interests of a child loses discrimination claims *
The Problem with Business Rates in the Real World *
Benjamin Alarie
Blue J Legal
What the TCJA means for tax exempt organisations
Mental Health Awareness Week: an update on mental health in the workplace *
Mental health at work - Future legislative developments proposed *
How employers can better support employees with mental health issues *
Tackling Mental Health in the Workplace: Management's 5 Key Responsibilities * - Canada
Mental health and wellbeing at work * - Australia
Managing Employees' Mental Health Issues * - New Zealand
Senior Legal Counsel, Bankwest Business
Bank of Western Australia Ltd
"Lexology is one of the few newsfeeds that I do actually look over as and when it comes in - the information is current; has good descriptive headings so I can see quickly what the articles relate to and is not too long."


text:
Walk Details
Map and News!
MSU Center of International Programs
301 S. Jefferson, Springfield, MO 65806
http://international.missouristate.edu
BookMarx
325 E. Walnut St., Ste. 101, Springfield, MO 65806
http://www.facebook.com/bookmarxbooks
Systematic Savings Bank-Art Walk Sponsor
318 South Avenue, Springfield, MO 65806
https://www.mysystematic.com/
Springfield Pottery
416 S. Campbell Ave., Springfield, MO 65806
http://www.springfieldpottery.com
MSU Student Exhibition Center
838 E. Walnut St., Springfield, MO 65806
http://www.sec.misssouristate.edu
Mane Salon & Social House – Art Walk Sponsor
Address : 404A W. Walnut, Springfield, MO 65806
Website : manesalonandsocial.com
Hours of Operation : Open 10 a.m.-7 p.m. T-Sat
Facebook : /www.facebook.com/Manesalonandsocial/
Mane Salon & Social House, a proud Art Walk sponsor presents Featured Artist Photographer Leslie Tucker.
"Leslie Tucker is a concert and portrait photographer based in Springfield, Missouri, whose work has been published in the Springfield News Leader, Stencil, The Dead Timez, Deitra Magazine and Surreal Beauty. An unapologetic advocate for self-expression in all its forms, she enjoys pushing the boundaries of her abilities in the magazine and radio industries. By day, she's a staff photographer and wardrobe manager for Deitra Magazine; on weekends she DJs for local rock station Q102.1 FM."
manesalonandsocial.com Open 10 a.m.-7 p.m. T-Sat
Mane Salon & Social House, a proud Art Walk sponsor presents Featured Artist Photographer Leslie Tucker. "Leslie Tucker is a concert and portrait photographer based in Springfield, Missouri, whose work has been published in the Springfield News Leader, Stencil, The Dead Timez, Deitra Magazine and Surreal Beauty. An unapologetic advocate for self-expression in all its forms, […]
404A W. Walnut, Springfield, MO 65806
manesalonandsocial.com
Open 10 a.m.-7 p.m. T-Sat
/www.facebook.com/Manesalonandsocial/


yellow and gray bedding 8 pieces yellow grey white comforter bed in a bag set queen size bedding yellow and gray king comforter set.
yellow and gray bedding black white grey and yellow bedding yellow and grey bedding wallpaper table yellow and gray baby bedding sets.
yellow and gray bedding grey and yellow bedding sets tiny house yell on bedroom enticing blue and gray bedding yellow and gray baby bedding sets.
yellow and gray bedding gray and yellow bedding yellow and gray chevron bedding sets.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and grey bedding gray and yellow bedding sets yellow and grey bedding target yellow and gray bedding sets king gray and yellow bedding yellow grey yellow and grey crib b.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and grey bedding throughout gray remodel yellow black gray bedding.
yellow and gray bedding grey and yellow bedding yellow gray bedding set grey and yellow bedding turquoise and yellow bedding yellow comforter set bedding sets yellow and grey yellow and gray quilt set.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and gray bedding yellow and gray bedding 7 piece chevron quilted pleat yellow gray comforter yellow gray bedding target.
yellow and gray bedding yellow comforters bedding sets for bed bath comforter set ideas 6 yellow grey crib set.
yellow and gray bedding sporty blue teal yellow grey white chevron stripe comforter set full queen twin teal yellow gray chevron bedding.
yellow and gray bedding yellow quilt set grey and yellow comforter sets best gray bedding ideas on yellow comforter sets king yellow and gray bedding kohls.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and gray quilt sets bedspreads yellow gray bedding sets yellow grey crib bedding.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and gray bedding sets epic for home remodel ideas with yellow and gray bedding sets yellow and gray baby bedding target.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and grey queen comforter sets best set ideas on gray 7 yellow gray chevron bedding.
yellow and gray bedding target gray bedding grey yellow bedding yellow bedspreads king size yellow gray bedding target pink yellow gray crib bedding.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and gray bedspreads home accessory coral blue pillow yellow orange apartment bedding coral gray bedding yellow and gray bedspreads yellow grey bedding sets.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and gray chevron and kids bedding twin set by sweet designs only yellow and gray chevron crib bedding.
yellow and gray bedding society row bedding set in grey yellow and grey bedding kohls.
yellow and gray bedding buy blue and yellow comforters from bed bath beyond within gray bedding prepare yellow and gray chevron baby bedding.
yellow and gray bedding gray and yellow bedding decoration black comforter sets queen gray and yellow bedding yellow and gray yellow gray white comforter duvet sheets bedding yellow and gray baby bedd.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and gray medallion 5 piece bedding comforter set from better homes and gardens from yellow gray baby bedding.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and gray boys bedroom with rug pink yellow gray crib bedding.
yellow and gray bedding grey and yellow comforter yellow comforters grey and yellow bedding yellow and grey bedding target grey and yellow bedding yellow yellow comforters and gray yellow gray crib be.
yellow and gray bedding yellow gray bedding sets gray yellow 7 king comforter set yellow grey comforter sets yellow and gray chevron baby bedding.
yellow and gray bedding i like this bedding if i had the money i would redo my room in gray and yellow black white gray yellow bedding.
yellow and gray bedding yellow and grey bedding sets opbouw.
yellow and gray bedding grey yellow bedding yellow and grey bedding grey yellow bedding medium size of appealing grey yellow floral duvet covers bedding yellow grey floral yellow teal yellow gray chev.
yellow and gray bedding shop park yellow bed in a bag sets the home yellow and gray bedding teal yellow gray chevron bedding.
yellow and gray bedding charming grey and yellow duvet cover set textiles intended for designs 9 yellow grey bedding sets.


Home / Hydrangeas / Hydrangea Varieties - Potted / Hydrangea pack of 5 mixed Random hand selected nursery mix.
Pack of 5 premium nursery selected hydrangeas.
Good mix of colours. Can be 5 of the same or various.
Savings of around 10%. Enter your option (All Same or mixed) into order comments text box during Online Checkout or mention with your phone/emailed order.


The contemporary design of our Hera sofa, makes for an excellent feature in any lounge or living room. Luxuriously comfortable and spacious in its style, the Hera range is finished to an extremely high standard and features sleek metallic feet which perfectly finish off the modern look. Looking for a two seat sofa? Take a look at our whole range.


text:
// Copyright (c) 2015 Uber Technologies, Inc.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.

/* eslint max-statements:[0, 99] */
'use strict';

var bufrw = require('bufrw');
var inherits = require('util').inherits;
var errors = require('./errors');

// RW a thrift map to an Object

// ktype:1 vtype:1 length:4 (k... v...){length}

function MapObjectRW(ktype, vtype) {
    var self = this;
    self.ktype = ktype;
    self.vtype = vtype;

    if (self.vtype.rw.width) {
        self.byteLength = self.mapVarFixbyteLength;
    }
}
inherits(MapObjectRW, bufrw.Base);

MapObjectRW.prototype.byteLength = function mapVarVarByteLength(obj) {
    var self = this;
    var keys = obj && Object.keys(obj);
    var len = 6; // static overhead

    for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
        var key = keys[i];
        var value = obj[key];
        var res = self.ktype.rw.byteLength(key);
        // istanbul ignore if
        if (res.err) return res;
        len += res.length;

        res = self.vtype.rw.byteLength(value);
        // istanbul ignore if
        if (res.err) return res;
        len += res.length;
    }

    return new bufrw.LengthResult(null, len);
};

MapObjectRW.prototype.mapVarFixbyteLength = function mapVarFixByteLength(obj) {
    var self = this;
    var keys = obj && Object.keys(obj);
    var len = 6 + keys.length * self.vtype.rw.width;

    for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
        var key = keys[i];
        var res = self.ktype.rw.byteLength(key);
        // istanbul ignore if
        if (res.err) return res;
        len += res.length;
    }

    return new bufrw.LengthResult(null, len);
};

MapObjectRW.prototype.writeInto = function writeInto(obj, buffer, offset) {
    var self = this;

    // ktype:1
    var res = bufrw.UInt8.writeInto(self.ktype.typeid, buffer, offset);
    // istanbul ignore if
    if (res.err) return res;
    offset = res.offset;

    // vtype:1
    res = bufrw.UInt8.writeInto(self.vtype.typeid, buffer, offset);
    // istanbul ignore if
    if (res.err) return res;
    offset = res.offset;

    // length:4
    var keys = obj && Object.keys(obj);
    res = bufrw.UInt32BE.writeInto(keys.length, buffer, offset);
    // istanbul ignore if
    if (res.err) return res;
    offset = res.offset;

    // (k... v...){length}
    for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
        var key = keys[i];
        var value = obj[key];

        // k...
        res = self.ktype.rw.writeInto(key, buffer, offset);
        // istanbul ignore if
        if (res.err) return res;
        offset = res.offset;

        // v...
        res = self.vtype.rw.writeInto(value, buffer, offset);
        // istanbul ignore if
        if (res.err) return res;
        offset = res.offset;
    }

    return new bufrw.WriteResult(null, offset);
};

MapObjectRW.prototype.readFrom = function readFrom(buffer, offset) {
    var self = this;

    // ktype:1
    var res = bufrw.UInt8.readFrom(buffer, offset);
    // istanbul ignore if
    if (res.err) return res;
    offset = res.offset;
    var ktypeid = res.value;

    if (ktypeid !== self.ktype.typeid) {
        return new bufrw.ReadResult(errors.MapKeyTypeIdMismatch({
            encoded: ktypeid,
            expected: self.ktype.name,
            expectedId: self.ktype.typeid
        }), offset);
    }

    // vtype:1
    res = bufrw.UInt8.readFrom(buffer, offset);
    // istanbul ignore if
    if (res.err) return res;
    offset = res.offset;
    var vtypeid = res.value;

    if (vtypeid !== self.vtype.typeid) {
        return new bufrw.ReadResult(errors.MapValTypeIdMismatch({
            encoded: vtypeid,
            expected: self.vtype.name,
            expectedId: self.vtype.typeid
        }), offset);
    }

    // length:4
    res = bufrw.UInt32BE.readFrom(buffer, offset);
    // istanbul ignore if
    if (res.err) return res;
    offset = res.offset;
    var length = res.value;

    // (k... v...){length}
    var obj = {};
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {

        // k...
        res = self.ktype.rw.readFrom(buffer, offset);
        // istanbul ignore if
        if (res.err) return res;
        offset = res.offset;
        var key = res.value;

        // v...
        res = self.vtype.rw.readFrom(buffer, offset);
        // istanbul ignore if
        if (res.err) return res;
        offset = res.offset;
        var val = res.value;

        obj[key] = val;
    }

    return new bufrw.ReadResult(null, offset, obj);
};

module.exports.MapObjectRW = MapObjectRW;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Cengage Technology & Computing Blog
Hack a Tesla, Earn $900,000
Mark_Ciampa
[Reading Time - 2 minutes 20 seconds]
There has been increasing concern recently over security vulnerabilities found in our cars. Now a contest has been announced that will pay up to $900,000 for successfully hacking a Tesla.
Just how important is it to have strong security in cars? Consider the follow true event. Back in July 2015 a reporter for Wired magazine drove a Jeep Cherokee on I-64 outside St. Louis to demonstrate how easy it was for the car to be remotely controlled by two security researchers who were ten miles away. The researchers were able to change the air conditioning settings and the car's radio and turn off and on the windshield wipers and spray wiper fluid on the windshield. The researchers also performed more deadly acts. As the driver of the Jeep pressed the accelerator on a crowded Interstate highway, the car started slowing down with an 18-wheel truck barreling down on him. The researchers even disabled the brakes so that the Jeep ended up in a ditch. Due to a vulnerability anyone who knew the vehicle's Internet Protocol (IP) address could gain access remotely to the car. This incident resulted in Fiat Chrysler recalling 1.4 million vehicles to patch this vulnerability.
Now, back to the Tesla contest. Pwn2Own is one of the premier security contests that is held twice annually. Starting back in 2007, Pwn2Own has paid millions of dollars for vulnerabilities found in hardware (phones, computers, tablets) and software (browsers, virtual machines, etc.). Like most reputable bug bounty programs the details of any uncovered vulnerabilities are reported back to the vendors but are kept secret from the general public until after the vulnerabilities have been fixed.
For the Spring 2019 competition, the categories that award prizes are for vulnerabilities found in virtualization software ($250,000 award for a successful Hyper-V client guest-to-host escalation or exploits of VMware ESXi, VMware Workstation, and Oracle VirtualBox), web browsers (Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Firefox), and other software (Adobe Reader, Microsoft Office, and Microsoft Outlook).
And a new category of "Automotive" has now been added. Specifically, prizes will be awarded to those who can hack a Tesla Model 3. There are different components of the Tesla that will serve as targets in order to earn the cash prizes. These Tesla components include:
Gateway: A gateway is the computerized central hub that interconnects the car's powertrain, chassis, and other systems.
Autopilot: The autopilot is a driver assistant feature that helps control lane changing, parking, and other driving functions.
Vehicle Controller Secondary (VCSEC): This is responsible for different security functions, including the car's alarm.
Key Fob / Phone-as-Key: These are used to unlock the car or start the engine without using the key.
Infotainment system: An infotainment system provides information to the driver (like a map) or plays music.
Wi-Fi or Bluetooth: Another category is the wireless Wi-Fi or Bluetooth systems in the Tesla.
There are also different amounts of payment based on the seriousness of the exploit. For example, an attack that can escape the Tesla's security sandbox, escalate privileges for the hacker, or access the car's operating system kernel can earn a bonus. And those attacks that still maintain root access even after a reboot will also earn a bonus. In total, a contestant can earn up to $900,000 for successfully hacking a Tesla.
The Pwn2Own contest will be held on March 20-22 at the CanSecWest conference in Vancouver.
But here's a suggestion: you probably shouldn't drive your Tesla to the conference--just in case.