This course is designed for students who study in the departments of Business and Economics in order to equip students with the knowledge and aspects of mathematics such as simple and compound interest, payroll, annuities, asset valuation, retail evaluation, linear programming. The intention behind this course is to teach students how to integrate key components of economic analysis into managerial decisions by using mathematical tools. Topics include: working with algebraic statements, power and indices, fractions, factorization, functions of one variable, linear and quadratic functions, solving linear and quadratic equations, sketching graphs of functions of one variable, linear and power functions, using linear models to model cost, revenue, profit, demand, supply, break-even points, and equilibrium points.
Course involves introduction to economics, what is economics? Micro and Macro Economics, Needs, wants, preferences, scarcity and consumer preferences, Production Possibilities Frontier, Opportunity Cost, Budget Line, Cost-Benefit Principle, Explicit and Implicit costs, Elasticity -Inferior goods, normal goods, luxury goods, complement goods and substitute goods, Demand Curve and Supply Curve, Excess demand and supply,Demand and Supply functions, Equilibrium price and quantity by using functions, Types of taxes and their effects on demand and supply,Types of Costs; Fixed costs and variable costs. Calculating total revenue and total costs,Calculating profit and loss,Calculating Break even quantity,Drawing Break Even chart,Types of Depreciation and calculating depreciation.
This course is designed to teach introductory business students fundamental knowledge about a business. For this purpose, understanding the contemporary business environment is a starting point. After briefly covering the business of managing, all functional areas of a business are discussed. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of business concepts as a foundation for studying other business subjects. The students will be able to identify potential marketing opportunities, relate how business institutions are operated nowadays, describe business ownership forms. The course is also designed to expose students to the multitude of career fields in the area of business and it will also help them to obtain information about starting their own businesses, identifying basic long and short term planning techniques.
The course is a continuation of MATH111, Mathematics for Businesss and Economics-II.This course is designed to equip students with the knowledge and aspects of mathematics for business and economics such as linear programming, matrices and their properties, matrices with applications to business, management and economics, linear and non-linear equations, their properties, finding solutions, their graphs and principles of differentiations ( derivative of elementary functions, derivative of quotient, product etc.), marginal concepts and optimization, partial differentiation, rules of differentiations and applications, definite and indefinite integrals, integration integral of elementary functions, integration by parts and substitution methods, applications of the integral, matrix addition , subtraction, multiplication and elementary operations, inverse, transpose of matrices.
This is an introductory course covering money, the monetary system and their relevance to the functioning of the national economy. It covers monetary and fiscal policies, unemployment, interest rates, and inflation as well. It dwells on the measurement of the level of output and its determination. Particular emphasis is placed on the forces that determine the actual and potential level of output and on policies designed to promote economic stability and growth. Important policy debates such as the sub-prime crisis, social security, the public debt and international economic issues are critically explored. The balance of payments is explained. The determination of the exchange rate is presented with reference to the international monetary system.
The course will introduce basic and fundamental programming constructs and techniques through using the C++ programming language in order to generate algorithmic solutions to problems. Upon completion of the course, students will be able to learn an introduction to algorithms, solving problems by flowcharts and pseudo codes, header files, data types, arithmetic & logic operators, control statements (if, if/else, switch-case) and use them as inner statements, loop statements (while, do/while, for), functions, standard functions of programming language, random number generation and their area of use, user-defined functions, global and local variables, recursion, arrays, searching algorithms on arrays, sorting algorithms on arrays, pointers, pointer operators, using pointers with arrays and functions.
This course is designed to introduce students contemporary information systems and demonstrate how these systems are used throughout global organizations. The focus of this course will be on the key components of information systems - people, software, hardware, data, and communication technologies, and how these components can be integrated and managed to create competitive advantage. The necessary topics that will be covered in this course are; how and why information systems are used today, how organizations are using information systems for competitive advantage vs. competitive necessity, information technology concepts such as hardware and software, telecommunication and networks, internet, intranet, extranet, electronic and mobile commerce, enterprise systems, decision support systems and knowledge management.
The course is about law and legal institutions in society, emphasizing areas of law relevant to business operations, general legal and social environment with emphasize on business ethics, the role of contracts in business, and employment obligations. The main aim of the course is to offer an insight to various aspects of business law. To this end, general principles of contract law, company law, international trade law and competition law will be examined. Furthermore, the nature of negotiable instruments and international payment instruments will be analyzed. The course is essentially based upon Turkish law, but at times references will be made to other jurisdictions for comparative purposes.
This course is a basic course in financial accounting that covers the fundamental concepts and techniques of introductory accounting. The course is also an introduction to the financial environment, accounting cycle, financial statement which contains theory, practice and application of accounting principles. It also helps students to gain an understanding of basic accounting concepts, develop basic skills using financial accounting information and also helps them to learn principles of accounting control, theft prevention, and safeguarding of assets. The objective of this course is to achieve a strong foundation of accounting principle and to ensure students understand the process of classifying, reporting, evaluating and interpreting financial information.
The course mainly focuses on software implementations in C Programming Language. Firstly, basic concepts of algorithms are discussed and then structures of programming are studied. Then, arrays and searching and sorting algorithms on arrays are studied. Fundamentals of basic data structures, which are arrays, structures and unions are discussed together with bitwise operations and enumerations in C. Pointers, functions and file processing are studied in the second part of the course, after midterm examination. Case studies related to searching and sorting algorithms are also studied. Functions, characters and strings are studied as last topics of algorithm developments and course is finalized with complexity analysis of algorithms.
Students will be able to develop advanced skills that built upon those acquired in Accounting I. Additional accounting skills such as reconciling uncollected accounts, calculating depreciation on assets, interpreting financial information, and calculating notes and interest will be developed. Computerized accounting will again be incorporated as an essential tool where resources are available. The course emphasizes understanding the role of accounting in product costing, costing for quality, cost-justifying investment decisions, and performance evaluation and control of human behavior. The learning of basic principles of financial accounting, including a study of corporation accounts and the statement of cash flows. The course deals with the development of accounting theory with emphasis on managerial techniques for interpretation and use of data in planning and controlling business activities.
This course is an introductory programming course for visual programming. Event-driven, visual and structured programming concepts will be presented. Initially, the emphasis will be on fundamentals of visual programming and basic controls. Then, advanced controls, file and database management features will be presented. Programming projects will involve common problems that require data entry, display of calculated results, conditional testing, arithmetic operations, array processing, searching, sorting, reading and writing files, and operations on databases.
The objective of this course is to provide the basics of data structures and data organization. The course will introduce C/C++ and algorithms for the implementation of data structures which are stack, queue, linked list, tree also, the applications of data structures covering stack applications which are paranthesis checker, infix to postfix and prefix conversions, recursion, dynamic stack and queue, tree traversals. Theoretical aspects of most widely used data structures will be covered during the lectures. Programming assignments and lab works cover the C/C++ implementations of applications of data structures that are discussed in the lectures.
This course is for students who want an in-depth look at how today's business firms use information technologies and systems to achieve corporate objectives. Information systems are one of the major tools available for business managers to achieve operational excellence, developing new products and services, improving decision making, and achieving competitive advantage. Students will be able to find here the most up-to-date and comprehensive overview of information systems used by business firms today. When interviewing potential employees, business firms often look for new hires who know how to use information systems and technologies to achieve bottom-line business results. Regardless of whether you are in finance, management, marketing or information systems major, the information and knowledge included in this course will be valuable throughout the entire career.
At the end of this course, students are expected to have experience and knowledge on databases, database design and SQL. Introduction to DBMS (Definition, characteristics, levels of abstraction, advantages, query types), Relational database (relational model, database design), Relational Algebra, SQL, Data Manipulation Language (DML), nested queries, sub-queries, joins, grouping, row functions, aggregate functions, Data Definition Languages (DDL) with constraints like primary key, foreign key and case constraints will be covered. Also, database user management and user rights will be explained.
Information security is the state of being free from danger while Information Assurance (IA) is acting of managing risks and keeping information safe from harm. Both information security and information assurance encompasses computer security, communication security, operations security and physical security. The main objective of this course is to learn the fundamental concept of Information security models and practices that can help in planning, developing and performing security tasks. The course will address hardware, software, processes, communications, applications, policies and procedures with respect to organizational IT Security and Risk Management. Topics to be covered include Physical security, VPN, SSL, Cryptography, Digital Forensics, digital signature.
This course is an advanced seminar designed to explore the field of ideas relating to human modes of communication and personal relationships in shaping of our social environment. The course focuses not on developing a particular set of "skills" (communication competence), but to explore the overarching structures that influence interpersonal interaction and investigate research on some of major topics of interpersonal communication. The course instructs students' practices and principles of interpersonal communication. Topics of the course will involve the communication process; issues addressed include perception, listening, self-disclosure, speech apprehension, ethics, nonverbal communication, conflict, power, and dysfunctional communication. Students will be able to demonstrate interpersonal communication skills in a group discussion manage communication conflicts as well.
The main objective of this course is to help students develop a comprehensive understanding of how information systems are developed through the activities of system development life cycle (SDLC) which includes systems planning, analysis, design and implementation. The course will examine the Key modelling concepts applicable to both structured and object-oriented approaches to systems development. By using several cases of organizations problems, the course will determine the requirements for a new or an enhanced systems. Tools such as MS access, MS Visio, MS project will then be used to support the planning, analysis, and design of an IS project for each organization.
This course is designed to provide students with an understanding of foundations of the operation functions in both manufacturing and services. The course will analyze operations from both the strategic and operational perspectives and highlights the competitive advantages that operations can provide for the organization. This course introduces students the concepts underlying effective operation and control of manufacturing and service businesses. It states approaches to production control, inventory policy, facilities planning, methods improvement and technological assessment decision-making, capacity planning, aggregate planning, forecasting, inventory management, distribution planning, materials requirements planning (MRP), project management and quality control with aided computer soft wares are studied.
The purpose of this course is to train students with theories and applications dealing with motivation, decision-making, team dynamics, negotiation, leadership and organizational culture. Development of analytical skills and critical thinking are important for the course. The course exposes students to advanced behavioral science theories and applications in management. Organizational behavior (OB) is an interdisciplinary field drawing from numerous disciplines including psychology, sociology, economics, organization theory, statistics, and many others. After an overview of OB and how to assess the value-added of "soft" management interventions, topics will include work motivation, work attitudes, newcomer socialization, "natural" and nominal work teams, leadership, decision making, and management of change.
This is an introductory course in computer networks. It first introduces uses of Computer Networks in Business, Home and Mobile environment. Next discuss types of computer network range from personal area network to Internet. It then studies the implementation principles and design issues at each layer of network models. Lecture topics include: OSI and TCP/IP models, data transmission basics, data-link, application Layer protocols, guided and unguided transmission, satellite communication ( LEO, MEO, GEO) digital modulation and multiplexing, PSTN and Mobile telephone systems. Laboratory work focuses on building and studying a physical network using network devices, wired and wireless medium.
The aim of this course is to provide students with an understanding of the processes and management practices associated with the profession of managing a project. The course is offered to student who are able to undertake their graduation project. Student are taught basic project management procedures. Several project management tools are also introduced to the students. At the end of the course, student are given a multidisciplinary project topic, where they work as teams with students from other departments. A feasibility studies is conducted and students present their work to their supervisor. Where they are evaluated and the project is modified and accepted for the graduation project.
This course gives basic working principles and the architecture underlying computer networks, and will go over the main components and applications of TCP/IP and the Internet. Course especially focused on Application layer architectures (client/server, peer-to-peer) and protocols (HTTP-web, SMTP-mail, etc), Transport layer operation (reliable transport, congestion and flow control, UDP, TCP);Network layer operation (routing, addressing etc) After completing this course, students have gained the basic knowledge to understand the architecture of the Internet and how it has evolved. Also be able to understand how the Internet works, design and code their own TCP/IP applications and protocols, and solve simple configuration and performance problems that arise in practice.
This course provides comprehensive treatment of current trends and management issues associated with information systems within organizations. The course is focused on developing an intellectual framework that will allow leaders of organizations to critically assess existing IS infrastructures and emerging technologies as well as how these enabling technologies might affect organizational strategy. After a successful completion of this course, students will be able to understand the importance of information systems in an organization, and the role they play in the various functional areas of a business, identify the importance of aligning the information systems strategy with the overall organizational strategy, and ensuring the information technology assets which support the business activities and objectives.
The purpose of the capstone project is to evaluate students' ability to complete a project without a given detailed structure usually found in undergraduate courses. The capstone project is multidisciplinary. Student from different departments come together to undertake a project that are related to each student's department. In the course of the project, students undertake a feasibility study explaining the aims, objectives, tasks, milestones, duration and development of the project. At the end of the project, students will be able to get the knowledge on subject from other departments. Student will be able to relate its field of expertise to that of others in the departments. After completion of the project they need to submit a thesis and attend an oral presentation.
This course provides an introduction to Business Intelligence which includes the processes, methodologies, infrastructure, and recent practices used to transform business data into useful information and support business decision-making. It also provides information technology approach to data collection and data analysis to support a variety of management tasks. Business Intelligence requires foundation knowledge in data storage and retrieval, thus this course will review logical data models for both database management systems and data warehouses. In this course, students will be able to learn analytical components and technologies used to create dashboards and scorecards, data/text/Web mining methods used to develop intelligent systems for decision support.
This course aims to provide the introduction to the field of human-computer interaction (HCI), an interdisciplinary field that integrates cognitive psychology, design, computer science and others. Examining the human factors associated with information systems provides the students with knowledge to understand what influences usability and acceptance of IS. This course will examine human performance, components of technology, methods and techniques used in design and evaluation of IS. Societal impacts of HCI such as accessibility will also be discussed. User-centered design methods will be introduced and evaluated. This course will also introduce students to the contemporary technologies used in empirical evaluation methods.
Fundamental concepts and applications about DB architectures will be discussed like properties of popular databases, backup, recovery, replication and reverse engineering. Also, students will gain knowledge on transactions, indexes, PL/SQL, Triggers, stored, functions, stored procedures and cursors. Views, materialized views, query performance optimization, database application Development with a programming language and SQL injection will also explained. Case studies will cover the topics studies in this lecture.


text:
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows;
using Lithnet.Common.Presentation;
using Lithnet.Miiserver.AutoSync;
using Microsoft.Win32;
using PropertyChanged;

namespace Lithnet.Miiserver.AutoSync.UI.ViewModels
{
    public class PowerShellExecutionTriggerViewModel : MAExecutionTriggerViewModel
    {
        private PowerShellExecutionTrigger typedModel;

        private const string PlaceholderPassword = "{B0C5980F-11D1-4CED-8BA0-6D09FF248C6F}";

        public PowerShellExecutionTriggerViewModel(PowerShellExecutionTrigger model)
            : base(model)
        {
            this.typedModel = model;
            this.Commands.Add("Browse", new DelegateCommand(t => this.Browse()));
            this.Commands.Add("New", new DelegateCommand(t => this.New()));
            this.Commands.Add("Edit", new DelegateCommand(t => this.Edit(), u => this.CanEdit()));
            this.AddIsDirtyProperty(nameof(this.ScriptPath));
            this.AddIsDirtyProperty(nameof(this.Interval));
            this.AddIsDirtyProperty(nameof(this.ExceptionBehaviour));
            this.AddIsDirtyProperty(nameof(this.Username));
            this.AddIsDirtyProperty(nameof(this.Password));
            this.AddIsDirtyProperty(nameof(this.Disabled));
        }

        [AlsoNotifyFor("Description")]
        public bool Disabled
        {
            get => this.typedModel.Disabled;
            set => this.typedModel.Disabled = value;
        }

        [AlsoNotifyFor("Description")]
        public string ScriptPath
        {
            get => this.typedModel.ScriptPath;
            set => this.typedModel.ScriptPath = value;
        }

        public TimeSpan Interval
        {
            get => this.typedModel.Interval;
            set => this.typedModel.Interval = value;
        }

        public ExecutionErrorBehaviour ExceptionBehaviour
        {
            get => this.typedModel.ExceptionBehaviour;
            set => this.typedModel.ExceptionBehaviour = value;
        }

        public string Username
        {
            get => this.typedModel.Username;
            set => this.typedModel.Username = value;
        }

        public string Password
        {
            get
            {
                if (this.typedModel.Password == null || !this.typedModel.Password.HasValue)
                {
                    return null;
                }
                else
                {
                    return PlaceholderPassword;
                }
            }
            set
            {
                if (value == null)
                {
                    this.typedModel.Password = null;
                }

                if (value == PlaceholderPassword)
                {
                    return;
                }

                this.typedModel.Password = new ProtectedString(value);
            }
        }

        public string Type => this.Model.Type;

        public string Description => this.Model.Description;

        private void New()
        {
            SaveFileDialog dialog = new SaveFileDialog
            {
                AddExtension = true,
                DefaultExt = "ps1",
                OverwritePrompt = true,
                Filter = "PowerShell script|*.ps1"
            };

            if (dialog.ShowDialog() != true)
            {
                return;
            }

            try
            {
                File.WriteAllText(dialog.FileName, Properties.Resources.PowerShellTriggerScript);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show($"Could not save the file\n{ex.Message}", "Unable to save");
                return;
            }

            this.ScriptPath = dialog.FileName;

            this.Edit();
        }

        private bool CanEdit()
        {
            return File.Exists(this.ScriptPath);
        }

        private void Edit()
        {
            try
            {
                ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo(this.ScriptPath) { Verb = "Edit" };
                Process newProcess = new Process { StartInfo = startInfo };
                newProcess.Start();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show($"Could not open the file\n{ex.Message}", "Error", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Error);
            }
        }

        private void Browse()
        {
            OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();

            if (File.Exists(this.ScriptPath))
            {
                try
                {
                    openFileDialog.InitialDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(this.ScriptPath);
                    openFileDialog.FileName = Path.GetFileName(this.ScriptPath);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Trace.WriteLine("Error parsing file path\n" + ex);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                openFileDialog.FileName = "*.ps1";
            }

            openFileDialog.AddExtension = true;
            openFileDialog.CheckFileExists = true;
            openFileDialog.DefaultExt = "ps1";
            openFileDialog.Filter = "PowerShell script|*.ps1";

            if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                this.ScriptPath = openFileDialog.FileName;
            }
        }

        protected override void ValidatePropertyChange(string propertyName)
        {
            if (propertyName == nameof(this.ScriptPath))
            {
                if (System.IO.File.Exists(this.ScriptPath))
                {
                    this.RemoveError(nameof(this.ScriptPath));
                }
                else
                {
                    this.AddError(nameof(this.ScriptPath), "The specified file was not found");
                }
            }

            base.ValidatePropertyChange(propertyName);
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: How to add the text in UIImageView in Swift? I have some issues for editing UIImageView. User can enter the text in imageview then it processes to save it and after that user can view this image with the text .
How can I do this?

A: I tried and got the solution for adding the text inside the UIImageview.Below is the coding
import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController,UINavigationControllerDelegate, UIImagePickerControllerDelegate,UIGestureRecognizerDelegate{

@IBOutlet var imageViewText: UIImageView!
var dynamicTextViewInsideImageView : UITextView!
var strImageSelected : String!
var picker = UIImagePickerController()
var xValue = CGFloat()
var yValue = CGFloat()
override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
    imageViewText.layer.cornerRadius = 5
    imageViewText.layer.borderColor = UIColor.blueColor().CGColor
    imageViewText.layer.borderWidth = 1
    strImageSelected = ""
}

override func viewWillAppear(animated: Bool)
{
    let tapRecognizer = UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: Selector("imageTapped:"))
    //Add the recognizer to your view.
    imageViewText.userInteractionEnabled = true
    tapRecognizer.numberOfTapsRequired = 1
    imageViewText.addGestureRecognizer(tapRecognizer)
}

override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
    super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

@IBAction func actionPickImage(sender: AnyObject)
{
    var alert:UIAlertController=UIAlertController(title: "Choose Image", message: nil, preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.ActionSheet)
    var cameraAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Camera", style: UIAlertActionStyle.Default)
        {
            UIAlertAction in
            self.openCamera()
    }
    var gallaryAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Gallary", style: UIAlertActionStyle.Default)
        {
            UIAlertAction in
            self.openGallary()
    }
    var cancelAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel", style: UIAlertActionStyle.Cancel)
        {
            UIAlertAction in
    }

    // Add the actions
    picker.delegate = self
    alert.addAction(cameraAction)
    alert.addAction(gallaryAction)
    alert.addAction(cancelAction)
    self.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)

}

func openCamera()
{
    if(UIImagePickerController .isSourceTypeAvailable(UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.Camera))
    {
        picker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.Camera
        self .presentViewController(picker, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
    else
    {
        let alertWarning = UIAlertView(title:"Warning", message: "You don't have camera", delegate:nil, cancelButtonTitle:"OK", otherButtonTitles:"")
        alertWarning.show()
    }
}
func openGallary()
{
    picker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.PhotoLibrary
    self.presentViewController(picker, animated: true, completion: nil)
}

//PickerView Delegate Methods
func imagePickerController(picker: UIImagePickerController, didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo info: [NSObject : AnyObject])
{
    picker .dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
    imageViewText.image=info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage] as? UIImage
    strImageSelected = "ImagePicked"
}
func imagePickerControllerDidCancel(picker: UIImagePickerController)
{
    println("picker cancel.")
    strImageSelected = ""
}
//On the imageView you can add text(Only after you picked the image from Gallery or Camera)
func imageTapped(gestureRecognizer: UITapGestureRecognizer)
{
    if strImageSelected.isEmpty{
       println("Do not add the textview inside imageview as you have not picked the image from gallery or camera")
    }
    else
    {
         println("you picked the image successfully")
        dynamicTextViewInsideImageView = UITextView(frame: CGRectMake(xValue,yValue,200,50))
        dynamicTextViewInsideImageView.backgroundColor = UIColor( red: 0.9, green: 0.9, blue:0.9, alpha: 1.0 )
        imageViewText.addSubview( dynamicTextViewInsideImageView)
    }

}
//TouchEvent for Getting X,Y position once we touch inside the imageview
override func  touchesBegan(touches: NSSet, withEvent event: UIEvent)
{
    if let touch = touches.anyObject() as? UITouch
    {
      let location = touch.locationInView(imageViewText) as CGPoint
      println("the location.x is - \(location.x)")
      println("the location.y is - \(location.y)")
      xValue = location.x
      yValue = location.y
      println("the xValue is - \(xValue)")
      println("the yValue is - \(yValue)")
    }

}
}

A: Try the following
func waterMarkedImage(waterMarkText:String, corner:WaterMarkCorner = .BottomRight, margin:CGPoint = CGPoint(x: 20, y: 20), waterMarkTextColor:UIColor = UIColor.whiteColor(), waterMarkTextFont:UIFont = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(20), backgroundColor:UIColor = UIColor.clearColor()) -> UIImage{

    let textAttributes = [NSForegroundColorAttributeName:waterMarkTextColor, NSFontAttributeName:waterMarkTextFont]
    let textSize = NSString(string: waterMarkText).sizeWithAttributes(textAttributes)
    var textFrame = CGRectMake(0, 0, textSize.width, textSize.height)

    print(textSize.height)

    var imageSize = self.size
    imageSize = CGSize(width: imageSize.width, height: (imageSize.height+textSize.height))
    switch corner{
    case .TopLeft:
        textFrame.origin = margin
    case .TopRight:
        textFrame.origin = CGPoint(x: imageSize.width - textSize.width - margin.x, y: margin.y)
    case .BottomLeft:
        textFrame.origin = CGPoint(x: margin.x, y: imageSize.height - textSize.height - margin.y)
    case .BottomRight:
        textFrame.origin = CGPoint(x: imageSize.width - textSize.width - margin.x, y: imageSize.height - textSize.height - margin.y)
    case .Center:
        textFrame.origin = CGPoint(x: imageSize.width/2 - textSize.width/2, y: imageSize.height - textSize.height - margin.y)
    }

    /// Start creating the image with water mark
    //imageSize = CGSize(width: (imageSize.width+textSize.width), height: (imageSize.height+textSize.height))
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(imageSize)
    self.drawInRect(CGRectMake(0, 0, imageSize.width, imageSize.height - textSize.height))
    NSString(string: waterMarkText).drawInRect(textFrame, withAttributes: textAttributes)

    let waterMarkedImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

    return waterMarkedImage
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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SEWELL – Grace Miller was looking for a little "redemption." After being sick and performing poorly at the NJSIAA Meet of Champions a year ago, the Morristown sophomore was particularly determined to succeed on Sunday.
Miller was magnificent, finishing second in the 500-yard freestyle in a personal-best 4:56.95. She dashed back to be part of the Colonials' fifth-place 200 free relay just a few minutes later. Miller also finished fourth in the 200 free (1:51.24), and led off Morristown's seventh-place 400 free relay to wrap up the meet.
"I'm ecstatic," said Miller, who earned All-American consideration in the 500.
Montville sophomore Victoria Eisenhauer had hoped to finish in the top three on Sunday. She was successful earning third in breaststroke, behind a rare first-place tie between Cherry Hill East sophomore Grace Yoon and Audubon-Collingswood senior Nora Woods. Eisenhauer was also fourth in the individual medley on Sunday.
She's already looking ahead, possibly to tangling with Yoon again.
♦ Madison junior Laurel Carey finished sixth in the butterfly in a school-record 57.22, with Maggie Reilly of Morris Hills seventh (57.55). Carey also won the 50 free consolation final in a school-record 23.92, the fifth fastest overall.
♦ Nicole Tingley of Chatham finished second in the consolation IM final. However, her time (2:07.32) was the eighth fastest. The Cougars also finished eighth in the 400 free relay, and won the 200 free relay consolation final.
♦ Defending co-champion Mendham was sixth in the medley relay, with senior Kathleen Kemp and junior Sarah Daly returning. Kemp was also fifth in the 500 free, with Kinnelon junior Miranda Byrne eighth.


text:
Q: ¿Cómo capturar el value de un  con Javascript? Como exprese necesito capturar el valor del value de mi <button>.
Es decir, en mi caso seria capturar el valor que tiene "cont" en el value de mi <button>desde mi función deleteRow(this).
En esta   se encuentra elbotón:
 table += '<button onclick="deleteRow(this);"'+" class='boton2 btn' id='btnEliminar'" + " value=" + cont + ">Eliminar</button>	";

Por las dudas les dejo la tabla completa:
 var table = '

Libros seleccionados	Accion

';

        for (var i = 0; i < cantNames; i++) {

            table += '
';
            table += '' + names[i] + '	';
            //en la linea siguiente COMO CAPTURO EL VALOR QUE TIENE cont en el value para pasarselo a la funcion deleteRow(this)??
            table += '<button onclick="deleteRow(this);"'+" class='boton2 btn' id='btnEliminar'" + " value=" + cont + ">Eliminar</button>	";
            //table += '<button class="boton2 btn" id="btnEliminar"'+" value="+ idBook[i] +">Eliminar</button>	";

            //10/03
            //table += '<button onclick="deleteRow(this,' + "'" + idBook[i] + "'" + ',' + "'" + names[i] + "')" + "class='boton2 btn' id='btnEliminar'" + " value=" + cont + ">Eliminar</button>	";
            table += '
';
            cont++;
        };

        table += '

';

Acá la funcion deleteRow()
function deleteRow(r) {
  var i = r.parentNode.parentNode.rowIndex;
  document.getElementById("tablaSeleccionados").deleteRow(i);//no borrar
}

A: En el button estas asignado en el evento onclick la ejecución de deleteRow(this);.
La variable this en el contexto de ejecución del onclick es exactamente la referencia al botón mismo.
Por ende, para obtener el value del button presionado solo necesitas hacer r.value
Ejemplo:

function deleteRow(r) {
  console.log('Elemento que disparo el evento: ', r);
  console.log('Value del elemento: ', r.value);
}
<button value="hola" onclick="deleteRow(this)">Eliminar</button>


text:
'iCent' App Helps International Students Ease into Life in Canada
by Usman Qureshi – Mon, September 4, 2017
In a recent interview with CBC News, an international student named Mohamed Rami Boumaaza has shared how the 'iCent' iOS app helped him navigate life in Toronto by offering information about accommodations, transportation, and accessing health-care and employment. He first came to Canada in 2015, and is currently a student of the Sheridan College.
The app, which is available in a number of languages, even helped Boumaaza change his program from business to architecture by helping him better understand his options. "I arrived here after an eight hour flight and it was a culture shock," he said. "I didn't know any dates, for example, the orientation day, or if I wanted to change my program, what the deadline was for that," he added.
The iCent app's developer Ganesh Neelanjanmath, who came to Canada in 2010 for post-graduate studies in project management, said he thought of building this app to help ease the life of international students since he knows "how daunting it can be to live and study in a foreign country".
"Almost every international student faces the same challenges," said Neelanjanmath. He describes iCent as "an acclimatization tool that helps student become acculturated to local community and life and academic systems in Canada."
Neelanjanmath lanched the first version of iCent on Apple and Google app stores in 2014. The tech creator has partnered with 15 colleges to offer a digitized handbook ever since.
Information about everything a student needs, from health services to transportation and school requirements; is available in less than three clicks, according to Neelanjanmath who says information often gets lost on student websites.
The iCent app has already been download 11,000 times, and includes a platform to facilitate meetings between students looking for new friends, travel partners or roommates. You can download the app for free at this link.
Telegram Messenger Gets Improved Replies, Stickers and More
Mon, September 4, 2017

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Leather Care | Redux & Co.
Our Redux & Co. leather watch straps are made from high quality American made leather from world renown tanneries such as the Horween Leather Co. in Chicago and Wickett & Craig in Pennsylvania. However, frequent exposure to dirt, sweat, moisture, water, heat and skin care products may accelerate the aging of your watch strap.
Leather straps require regular maintenance so it will look good for many years. More importantly, regular maintenance ensures its quality and longevity.
The joy and often unpredictable thing about leather is that it varies greatly depending on which part of the hide, and the grain. Since the leather comes from an animal, hides vary from hide to hide as well. Leather is a natural material that tanneries stabilize with tanning, but the leather will still eventually wear down.
Leather has some stretch. The more it stretches, the more narrow it will become. Leather hides stretch over time with regular use and as it absorbs the oils and sweat from your wrist, even if not exposed to water. Leather strap life expectation varies greatly. Daily wear on straps ranges from a few months months to a few years.
This is part of the reason why we're switching most of our straps away from Horween and to Wickett & Craig, which is known for more consistently rugged leather hides that are usually made into heavy duty items such as holsters and horse saddles. The new lined straps we just finished development with will be much less stretchy.
Let your leather watch breathe. Since you don't have to use it while sleeping, remove it when you go to bed to prevent premature wear and tear.
Keep the leather dry. Remove it before taking a shower or bathing as leather and water don't mix.
Clean the strap regularly, wipe off sweat and other moisture as soon as possible using a soft cloth and then air-dry it.
Avoid wearing your watch too tight. This will stretch and age the strap. It's not a tourniquet!
Protect the leather strap from excessive sunlight and other heat sources, and swap your COURG to the ballistic nylon strap for heavy work or extreme sports.
Avoid direct contact with oils, cleaning products, cosmetics, hairsprays, detergents and perfumes.
Put on and remove your watch gently. Leather stretches but pulling will stretch it out unnecessarily. Take care not to bend back the strap.
You can increase the lifespan of leather straps and maintain their appearance and supple feel. Our leather is selected for optimal character and to last. Take care of your strap, and it'll take care of you.


User interface with simplified usage logics, hideable semitransparent screen buttons in versions with navigation panels at the top or left of the screen.
Over a thousand configurable parameters to adjust display, navigation and other functions for advanced users.
Up to 12 any program functions launched with clicking the map or from the context menu can be put in the user's menu.
Sound off visualisation highlighted in red.
Selectable language for the menu and messages without program reinstallation.
Selectable keyboard layout: ABC, QWERTY, AZERTY or PHONE.
Large icons to facilitate finger operation in the pop-up menu.
Profiles are meant for saving a set of settings and for easy switching between the saved profiles (e.g. settings for a company truck and a private passenger car).
Menu animations facilitating menu system navigation. A clicked option will "drop down" from the selected button, and when closed, it will scroll up.
Possibility to select the indications on the screen bottom panel (NPI) with the information about the street and the vicinity.
Three setting options for the bar with the location description.
Automatic day/night mode switching based on the light sensor built in the HTC and Samsung Omnia devices.
Additional pilot panel with the Panorama skin (useful on devices with a large, high-resolution screen).
Possibility to rotate the screen right/left with a hardware button of a function in the User's menu.
In the settings (interface -> view), an option of map appearance, unified with the new appearance of http://www.targeo.pl/maps (currently in preparation).
The interface is available in the following languages: Polish, English, Czech, German, Spanish, French, Dutch, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Slovakian, Finnish, Portuguese version LatAm, Spanish version LatAm, Russian.
Device time synchronization with GPS satellites' time.
GPS position reading more than once per second supported.
Option to replace the GPS indicator graphics with a bitmap from the Images subdirectory: 2D = car2D.bmp; 3D = car3D.bmp.
Overview of data received from the satellites (NMEA).
Option to display multiple GPS tracks simultaneously.
Option to save the planned route file as a GPS track.
Option to convert the GPS track to KMZ format and transfer it to Google Earth.
Automatic reminder that A-GPS data are no longer valid and should be updated for the GPS receiver to work properly.
Possibility to automatically save the GPS track file after each drive.
Automatic adjustment of the GPS readings frequency to the receiver, GPS readings support optimization.
POI synchronization with the Miplo service directly built into AutoMapa.
Option to search for information taking into account chainage data.
Option to create own POI categories and make them available to other users.
Option to disable empty POI categories (option "Including points" in Menu -> POI -> Display).
Hundreds of thousands additional POI available in the AutoMapa service for users - Miplo.pl.
POI category hierarchical tree synchronized with Miplo.pl.
Option to directly call telephone numbers in the POI description.
Graphical progress indication in POI searching.
Displaying photos associated with selected POI.
Displaying name when deleting a POI or a favourite point.
Favourite point edition dialogue window with the option to delete points selected on the list, just like in POI edition.
Option to select the route type: fast, optimal, short, easy, safe, off-road, walking, cross-country.
Option to consider the vehicle speed profile when mapping routes. You can select your own speed limit for individual road categories (e.g. slower on dirt roads) or a general limit regardless of the road category (e.g. for a truck). If the speed set in the profile is lower on a given road than in the map data or Traffic, the program will use the speed in the profile.
Question whether to delete VIA points from the previous route unaccounted for prior to mapping a route to a new destination.
Option to switch route points using copy/paste commands.
Option to select the destination from the PocketPC address book (list of contacts).
it is enough to drive through the VIA point vicinity (so-called Intelligent VIA).
(and other larger vehicles, such as a car towing a caravan).
places, depending on the time of the day, day of the week, holidays and season of the year).
Option to map a route using the nearest VIA points (so-called travelling salesperson).
Additional information screens for the mapped route: route points, statistics, list of manoeuvres, route parameters (option to print the route or save it to a file).
Dialogue window "Unwanted sections" in MENU->Route->Information with a list of sections that the route should have avoided (e.g. ferry, toll road, motorway) but had to use them anyway.
Option to map a route alternative to the original one.
Selectable program behaviour after mapping the route: Do nothing, Route view, Summary, First manoeuvre.
Option to load the route or GPS track by clicking the file directly (AutoMapa will activate and display the selected file on the screen).
Show/hide route function can be associated with any key or "Your menu".
When mapping routes, the condition of border non-crossing recognizes the Schengen group country borders and treats them accordingly.
Option of sorting newly inserted VIA points automatically.
Displaying information about the time zone in which the Start and Destination points are located.
Option to automatically sort route points after adding more VIA points.
The Typical Routes function, launched by the blue arrow button, suggests typical routes the user selects on a given time of the day or in the map nearby area.
Navigator panel with graphical and text information and with fully user-selectable elements.
Option to display information about two subsequent manoeuvres simultaneously on the navigator panel.
Speed display on the navigator panel and the onboard computer panel.
The navigator panel can display the distance to the destination, time to destination, ETA, current time or current chainage.
After clicking the ETA (estimated time of arrival) on the navigator panel, the whole route will be displayed.
Option to PAUSE the onboard computer calculations.
Option to RESET individual tabs of the onboard computer.
The onboard computer differentiates between maximum speed, average speed, average speed including stops.
The onboard computer displays total distance travelled and distance from the last stop.
Differentiation between the stop time, travel time since last top and travel time.
Travelled route percentage and "progress bar" on the onboard computer.
Information about the route length and planned travel time.
Route progress bar taking into account VIA points.
Voice and visual operation of VIA points on the navigator panel (including ETA).
Option to map a detour manually during travel.
Information about factual speed limits in Poland for national roads, as well as in multiple Polish and European cities.
Information about maximum vehicle speeds on routes of different types.
Option to enable message warning about leaving the route.
Option to save/load the mapped route.
Option to block/unblock a route section.
Option to set the start/end date for blocked/unblocked section of a road on the map.
Sections on the map which are unblocked by the user are highlighted in a different colour.
Saving/reading files with blocked sections.
Option to start the route demo without setting route points – the default demo route is displayed.
Automatically created "Car" favourite point, which remembers the last GPS position upon the shut-down of the external power supply or program exit (helping you find a car at a parking lot, etc.).
AM'Center program for syncing SmartRoutes data – the road events on devices without the Internet access.
Option to use road events (road works, obstructions, etc.) to facilitate navigation on devices without the Internet access, by merging data of such events directly with map data.
Lane Guidance for Poland and Europe.
Possibility to block a segment before the manoeuvre by selecting from the manoeuvres list in MENU -> Route -> Information.
Possibility to block multiple roads simultaneously by selecting a rectangular map area when zoomed in.
A new position in the menu: "signal slight turns". With this option, the user can decide to skip some "slightly right/left" messages.
Visualisation of information about the change of the length and time of a calculated route, which results from new data about the road situation from LiveDrive! system being available and affecting the route.
Option to change speed limits based on Traffic events.
Automatic closing of the dialogue window informing about "no entry" roads.
Option to disregard "B1" signs and physical blockages for emergency vehicles.
Restored correct road direction indication after unblocking.
Voice navigation with the voices of: K. Hołowczyc (Polish), Marzena (Polish), Kinga (Polish), Mikołaj (Polish), Erica (English), Mike (English), Kamila (German), Alexander (German), Miron (Slovak), Zuzana (Slovak), Zdenek (Czech), Radka (Czech), Rasa (Lithuanian), Rytis (Lithuanian), Elisabeth (French), Sebastien (French), Redbad (Dutch), Tamara (Dutch), Geotmar (Spanish LatAm), Andre (Portuguese LatAm), Sergey (Russian).
Map 3D view and view of building blocks for multiple Polish and European cities.
Seamless operation of the whole map of Europe, without map reloading.
Keeping the screen button which hides the screen buttons and the slider pressed for a longer time switches between map moving and zooming.
To avoid unwanted zooming in when moving the map, the Zoom slider only reacts to finger or stylus movements that touch the slider holder.
Toll sections for trucks (viaTOLL system).
The mode of making section and area measurements on the map.
Exact point addresses in Poland and several other countries, range addresses for other European countries.
Function of greying out keyboard buttons depending on the characters already entered and further characters possible to enter.
The list of cities and streets is automatically searched, and the suggestions are automatically displayed after entering the first character, and with additional delay to facilitate quick entering several characters, especially on slower devices.
The screen keyboard is automatically hidden if the search result list fits the screen.
Added grouping (by cities and streets) of search results by post codes.
History of selected: addresses, favourite points, POI, etc.
Option to delete lists of recently used addresses, favourite points and places.
Support for Greek and Cyrillic alphabets in screen keyboards and searching.
Possibility to install AutoMapa on a clean memory card without having to use ActiveSync connection (important for PND models that do not support this function).
Possibility to reduce the program size by selecting any fragment/area of the map during installation.
Possibility to register the map from the PND level (if Internet-enabled).
Possibility to create Favourite Points with the alternative of their free description.
Option to save and read files taking into account Favourite Points.
Possibility to set the points for the "Home" and "Work" location.
Option to display GPS coordinates for a point shown on the map from the context menu on the map.
Graphic progress indication of loading files with POI, blockades.
Option to manage (hide/activate) screen buttons.
Option to cooperate with phones.
Option to assign over 100 functions to the device hardware keys.
Option to minimize the application window in the main menu.
Automatic screen backlight management taking into account the time of the day.
Automatic program shutdown when the battery is low (user permission required).
The "Accident" function with the options of sending an emergency SMS to the ICE number, quick "Where am I" determination and selection of "Go for help", along with the "Driver's must-have" set of information, developed in cooperation with Gazeta Wyborcza.
Map generation date, which facilitates the selection of a map when loading, if at least two map versions are installed.
Automatic message about the lapse of map upgrade access subscription.
Automatic message that the map version in use is too old.
Context help opened with the '?' button on most of the program screens.
Full help content (program operating instructions) available in MENU -> Help.
Program User Manual in Polish, English and German.
Option to read the licence agreement directly from the MENU -> Help and info -> About screen.
Numbering which facilitates the understanding of the functions that can be assigned to hardware and screen buttons (MENU -> Settings -> General -> Buttons).
Saving the user's acceptance to place the Home/Work point on a "no entry" road section.
Easier defining of the Home and Work points. If the points are not set, selecting the Home or Work option opens the address selection window.
Option to add description when creating a favourite point.
Option to update the program and maps from the application level.


Flying in first class is a dream for many, a reality for just a few. Trebor Banstetter, writing in the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, explains how those few came to occupy cushy first-class seats and avoid the back-of-the-bus crush.
The good news for the many: In most cases, it wasn't by paying the outlandish fares airlines publish for their first-class tickets.
The obscure fare in question is what's known as a Y-up, a coach fare which entitles the ticketholder to fly in first class. To be sure, these aren't the cheapest coach fares typically snagged by leisure travelers purchasing two or more weeks in advance. But in many cases, they are lower than the so-called walk-up coach fares paid by business travelers who fly on a moment's notice and need tickets that can be freely changed.
As an example, Banstetter cites fares for an American flight between Dallas-Fort Worth and Chicago. The first-class fare was $1,137; the unrestricted coach fare was $847; and the Y-up fare was $433.
Finding Y-ups can be difficult. Some carriers have begun displaying them on their websites, as have some online travel agencies. But it's hit-or-miss. So the best approach may be to call the airline's reservations center.
There are two variants of the frequent flyer upgrade strategy. For most, redeeming miles to upgrade to first class from a coach ticket is the more viable option. In most programs, upgrading to first from a discounted coach fare requires 15,000 miles each way, 30,000 miles for the round-trip.
For those who travel frequently, there's the elite upgrade approach. Full-service carriers typically award entry level elite status to customers who fly 25,000 miles, entitling them to upgrade certificates and, in some cases, automatic upgrades if seats are available.
Bottom line: There's a price to pay for flying up front; but that price may be more reasonable than you think.


The Asian market is huge and still growing. Thinking of taking your business, product, service or production into Asia? Be sure to rely on specialists. Because successful expansion in Asia requires a keen understanding of the cultural sensitivities. Such as awareness of local customs, behavior, language and dialects, social structure and class. Every country in the Far East is different. And Pluk knows these cultural differences like no other. Our experienced staff and strong local ties guarantee the success of your expansion plans.
Literal translations won't be of much use to you. Pluk takes your idea, plan or script and carefully sculpts it into the native language of your target group. All the important cultural nuances and differences are taken into account. Because, after all, different countries often have a totally different idea about time and quality. The journey that your concept and script will make is an ongoing challenge – from start to finish. Pluk has a treasure trove of local knowledge about China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Cambodia and other Asian countries. So if you have plans to expand in Asia, Pluk is committed to make things really easy for you.
Pluk puts your recordings, acting, script translations and 5.1 mixing on the right track.
Pluk provides perfect translations of scripts, marketing tools, presentations and websites in multiple languages.
Pluk streamlines your planning, logistics and coordination, and assists your production personnel.
Pluk conducts extensive market research, analyses and opportunity assessments for you.
Pluk helps you look for new products, services and concepts.
Pluk is a professional when it comes to dubbing and mixing your picture and sound material.
Do you want to push ahead with your project for the Asian market? Pluk translates for you and guarantees that your message gets to its destination. Please contact us today.


Tween spirit! Made for girls who just wanna have fun, Bonds active gear for tweens is is bursting with bright colourful prints, easy-wearing styles and branded Bonds waistbands, to keep up with your growing gal every step of the way. Our Girls Active Racer Crop is a sporty crop that's perfect for school sports, dance class, jumping rope and any other activity that gets the heart thumping. Made from comfy cotton elastane, it has a double-layered front for extra support, comfort and modesty, as well as moisture wicking to keep them cool and dry. A Bonds Sport logo jacquard underbust elastic adds a touch of ath-fash styling and a self fabric bind around the neckline and armholes offer a comfy supportive finish, so your little miss can move freely and easily. Crop to it! Made from cotton elastane.


election campaign. I mean Prof. Kengor has this smoking-gun document in his hand and he can't get any attention from any major media source or any Congressional investigation – until last night – when Mark Levin – God bless his soul – put Prof. Kengor on his Sunday evening show on Fox. 23 minutes long but well worth the time for the information. Thank you and God bless all.
This entry was posted in CORRUPTION, DEEP STATE CRIMES, EDUCATION, NEWS, RESOURCES, VIDEO by Republic for Michigan. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Rivers and canals
Anakonda Amazon river cruise: Afloat in the rainforest
Amazon Anaconda
Tim Pozzi
13 November 2015 • 12:00am
Oh, the agonies of trying to pick out a sloth 150 yards away through a pair of binoculars. There were 20 of us in two canoes on the Black Lagoon in Ecuador's Yasuni National Park, being directed by our guides Javier and Freddy.
"You see the giant kapok tree at two o'clock? On the left there are three smaller trees. Behind them are two bigger trees. Then a palm-like tree, and next to that, about two thirds of the way along the crest of the tree… You can just see its head. A three-toed sloth."
Tense silence. Muttering. Bafflement. Then, "Oh yes!" "Wow!" "Got him!" It takes several minutes before all of us have located it – "No…" "Which tree again?"
Happily the sloth was in no hurry. It lazily surveyed its kingdom with what resembled the hint of a smile. A huge metallic blue morpho butterfly flapped languidly towards us in a straight line, more reminiscent in its flight of an eagle than its smaller, flickering cousins.
Squirrel monkeys, Amazon
At the best of times the Amazon is intoxicating. At Yasuni National Park, arguably the most biologically diverse spot on Earth, amphibian and reptile species is particularly prolific. But to spot some of the larger beasts you have to try a little harder. Suddenly there was a shimmy and a ripple through the water hyacinths a few feet to our left. "Caiman! Maybe three metres," said Freddy. We were all too slow to see it. Then, on the other side, a thunderous splash among the elephant-eared philodendrons. "An arapaima," said Javier. "A very big fish." Unnervingly so – at up to 15ft long.
We entered a narrow channel of tea-stained water, six or so yards across. Sunlight filtered through the branches that formed a tunnel above us, bouncing off the water to dance on the underside of leaves. Vines and roots descended to the still surface like curtains. We saw the footprints of a tapir. An anxious toucan eyed us before deciding to take flight. Then, suddenly, Freddy signalled to the man paddling us.
"It's a monkey group!" he whispered urgently. A troupe of between 20 and 30 squirrel monkeys, smaller than cats, approached to within 60 feet. For a quarter of an hour we watched as they gathered fruits, shaking the branches, before crossing from one side of the water to the other via the bridge of trees and disappearing into the forest.
• Amazon rainforest retreats: The Fab Five
Two decades have passed since I last visited the Amazon 20. I was camping then, and what with the insects, the stifling humidity and the rain I found it deeply uncomfortable. This time, an hour and a half after my jungle encounters I found myself back in my cool, spacious cabin on board the Anakonda Amazon.
There are other vessels on which to explore the Amazon, but the 148ft-long Anakonda Amazon, built in 2013, is the only luxury boat plying Ecuadorian waters. And since the country is not much bigger than the UK it takes just an hour to fly from the capital Quito to Coca, where the Anakonda was moored on the Napo river – a tributary of the Amazon. A map of our cruising route east along the Napo River from Coca, towards the border with Peru, revealed few place names and little more than wriggling tributaries and the mass of jungle in which even I happened on my own tarantulas (tiny), frogs and millipedes.
On board our river ship were 17 other two-berth cabins, with names such as Otter, Jaguar and Piranha occupied by a mix of mostly English but also Australian, American and German passengers. Mine, Manatee, was six metres by four metres of minimalist browns and creams with a jacuzzi bath as well as a shower in the bathroom, a desk and a delightful little verandah. There was also an expansive observation deck, a small spa and an al fresco lounge for relaxation, reading or simply enjoying the view. At our disposal were three canoes and 10 kayaks.
Otavalo market
• Trip of a Lifetime: The Amazon
After our jungle walk I lay back on the crisp linen duvet on one of the two generously sized single beds and wondered about lunch (our first meal had included smoked pork chop in passion fruit sauce and curried mahi-mahi fish with harusame noodles).
Itineraries are variable, depending on the weather, season and water levels and the moorings are simply stretches of river bank; sometimes little more than crumbling stretches of red earth and trees teetering towards the water. However local infrastructure was much improved since my last visit. Take the boardwalk leading towards Cuicocha Lake that we sauntered along one morning. It's possible to shuffle through the jungle on slippery, narrow paths, dodging branches, watching where to place your feet – mind those tree roots – trying not to bump into others, slapping away at mosquitos. But a raised walkway opens up a corridor of magic.
Walking easily, we made less of a commotion. We were free to focus on the whistles and whirrs of the mostly hidden birds and insects – the whoop of the weaver, the cackle of the speckled chachalaca, the trill of the white-shouldered antbird. And to admire the vigour of the saplings, shrubs and trees thrusting up to gorge on the fierce equatorial light.
The king of these is the mighty kapok which can grow to more than 200 feet. By the same token, it is best appreciated by taking the "stairs". A green-painted metal construction – akin to something you might storm a castle with – took us several floors up to a large decked area in the tree's canopy. The absence of seasons here makes it difficult to age trees but a guess is hazarded at 500 years old. Views of the rainforest's roof were overwhelming. More easily grasped was the magnificence of our situation, the majesty of this one tree that held us aloft, along with a host of epiphytes, orchids, bromeliads, ants, beetles and who knows what else as easily as a giant might sport a bird's nest in its hair.
On lily pads at the water's edge millions of tiny lights appeared – the larvae of fireflies. Some clumps had broken off to drift across the lagoon, like miniature floating cities. Suddenly, the sky above was ablaze with stars.
Cuicocha, a pristine volcanic crater lake circumscribed by a 10-mile trail, made for an exhilarating day's walking.
Before joining the cruise I spent a few days recovering from my long-haul flight at Hacienda Piman, a tranquil 17th-century manor house in the remote foothills of the Andes, three hours' drive from Quito. Beneath the verandah of my room a dozen humming birds danced about the nectar-rich flowers of an abutilon, their blue and green plumage dazzling in the sunlight.
• Ecuador travel guide
• Brazil travel guide
I stocked up on souvenirs at the Indian market at Otavalo, a city within a city where narrow alleyways are crammed with tiny juice bars and food stalls, mountains of fruit and sacks full of vegetables and irresistible textiles ranging from carpets to cardigans.
There were so many other extraordinary sights on this trip: pink dolphins; an agouti battling the current of the river to clamber ashore (cue applause); a visit to a classroom full of bored and fidgety but impeccably well-behaved children; squadrons of macaws flying high overhead; bulldog bats dancing above the top deck; an impromptu performance from Pepe the barman who – with no microphone and a noticeable lean towards the ladies and a hand fluttering inside his jacket to signal a beating heart – crooned crowd-pleasing songs.
Sunset on the Amazon
But it is the sunsets that will remain with me. As dusk began to enclose another lagoon at Limoncocha National Biological Reserve, the monotone shriek of the cicadas intensified and the frogs took their cue to begin clicking and belching. We paddled across the oil-black water, hot night air in our faces, the kapok trees turning to delicately etched silhouettes against the burnished tangerine sky.
On lily pads at the water's edge millions of tiny lights appeared – the larvae of fireflies. Some clumps had broken off to drift across the lagoon, like miniature floating cities. Suddenly, the sky above was ablaze with stars. We turned off our own lights and for a few moments were swallowed up in the humbling, teeming fecundity of the forest.
Tim Pozzi travelled to Ecuador with Sunvil Latin America (020 8758 4774; sunvil.co.uk). A nine-night itinerary including two nights' bed and breakfast in Quito, four nights on the Anakonda Amazon Cruise (including meals but not alcohol) and three nights' half board at the Hacienda Piman in Imbabura costs from £3,949 per person including transfers, guided excursions (including Otavalo market and Ibarra to Salinas train ride) and international and domestic flights. Three and seven-night cruises are also offered.
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LONDON, April 11 (Reuters) – Policymakers in the advanced economies are increasingly worried by the economic, social and political disruption resulting from the decline of traditional manual jobs in manufacturing, mining and distribution.
Picture: iSTOCK Technology and the internet are changing our lives. Online shopping is displacing the high street. The gig economy is disrupting employment patterns and wages. Gaming and streaming are altering leisure habits.
However, economies are being affected by the transformations to our lifestyles resulting from smartphones, artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality, autonomous cars, to the internet of things and 3D printing.
Posted on April 10, 2019 April 10, 2019 Categories Automation Impact on JobsTags consumer, consumption, employment, productivity, robot, TechnologyLeave a comment on As technology changes our lives, shouldn't it change our taxes?
Barcelona is one of the 'fearless cities', where the seeds of postcapitalism can start to grow The streets are full of young people (and not just students)—sitting, sipping drinks, gazing more at laptops than into each other's eyes, talking quietly about politics, making art, looking cool.


Read all the Arctic Biodiversity Assessment recommendations.
Read all the Life Linked to Ice: Sea Ice Associated Biodiversity recommendations.
Read all the Arctic Flora and Fauna Recommendations for Conservation.


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Internationally Recognized Cellist and Pianist Highlight Second LIPF Concert at The Trust
by LBC Marketing
Home | Blog | Internationally Recognized Cellist and Pianist Highlight Second LIPF Concert at The Trust
Posted in: Events & Performances, Lancaster, Music, Worship & Performing Arts, Press Release, The Trust Performing Arts Center
The Trust Performing Arts Center is partnering with Lancaster International Piano Festival (LIPF) during the 2022-23 Arts & Culture season for a series of concerts featuring some of the world's best musicians.
The second concert in the series will take place at 7:30 p.m. Feb. 4 in the Great Hall of The Trust, 37 N. Market St. in downtown Lancaster. The joint performance will feature cellist Hai-Ye Ni, the Philadelphia Orchestra's principal cellist who's been praised as "soulfully expressive" by the Washington Post, and pianist Xun Pan, a Steinway artist who has been internationally recognized and awarded.
The duo will perform Ludwig van Beethoven's "Sonata No. 3 in A, Op. 69," Johannes Brahms' "Sonata No. 1 in E Minor, Op. 38" along with other selections. Tickets are available at lancastertrust.com or lbc.edu/events.
The first LIPF concert in October 2022 featured award-winning virtuosic prodigy Qianxiang "Daniel" Ma, a junior at Lancaster Mennonite High School who is instructed by Pan.
The third and final concert in the series is set for 7:30 p.m. May 5 and will feature the Gabriel Chamber Ensemble, a nonprofit organization dedicated to presenting high-quality performances of chamber music repertoire. The ensemble is comprised of Simon Maurer and Dana Allaband on violin, Agnès Maurer on viola, cellist Ai-Lin Hsieh and Xun Pan on piano.
The Trust Performing Arts Center is an architecturally stunning venue for music, theatre, dance, lectures and community events in the heart of Lancaster's downtown arts district. In 1912, the Lancaster Trust Company completed construction on its new headquarters—a Beaux-Arts masterpiece from the imagination of Lancaster's leading architect, C. Emlen Urban. A century later, Mr. Urban's architectural treasure has been re-imagined by Lancaster Bible College as The Trust Performing Arts Center. The Trust has a mission to honor God by encouraging excellence in the work of student and professional artists and by enriching the community through inspiring, challenging and redemptive experiences.
Get your tickets for events this season at The Trust!
VISIT LANCASTERTRUST.COM


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30 November, 2020 12:16:48 PM / LAST MODIFIED: 1 December, 2020 08:49:16 AM
Failing dope tests: 8 policemen suspended
UNB, Kushtia
Eight policemen including two sub-inspectors have been suspended in Kushtia for failing dope tests.
Superintendent of Kushtia Police SM Tanvir Arafat said the suspended policemen were attached to the district police lines.
Two sub-inspectors, two assistant sub-inspectors and four constables were suspended as Kushita police found their involvement in drug abuse.
Kushtia SP has taken the action following the directives of the Inspector General of Police.
On November 22, Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP) terminated 10 policemen and suspended 18 more for failing dope tests.
So far, 68 policemen – seven sub-inspectors, one sergeant, five assistant sub-inspectors, five nayeks, and 50 constables – have failed the tests.
Earlier this year, DMP Commissioner Md Shafiqul Islam said: "All the suspected drug-addict policemen will have to take drug tests. If anyone is found positive, he will be sacked."
Shafiqul also said police personnel involved in drugs are already under intelligence surveillance.
Eight policemen including two sub-inspectorshave beensuspended in Kushtia for failing dope tests. Superintendent of Kushtia Police SM Tanvir Arafat said the suspended policemen were attached to the district police lines. Two sub-inspectors, two assistant sub-inspectors and four constables were suspended as Kushita police found their involvement in drug abuse. Kushtia SP has taken the action following the directives of theInspector General of Police. On November 22, Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP) terminated 10 policemen and suspended 18 more for failing dope tests. So far, 68 policemen seven sub-inspectors, one sergeant, five assistant sub-inspectors, five nayeks, and 50 constables have failed the tests. Earlier this year, DMP Commissioner Md Shafiqul Islam said: All the suspected drug-addict policemen will have to take drug tests. If anyone is found positive, he will be sacked. Shafiqul also said police personnel involved in drugs are already under intelligence surveillance. TH


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IS THIS THE END OF THE DAVIS CUP?
This article was originally published on December 19th, 2018.
"The Davis Cup can become the one definitive team event in tennis", said David Haggerty (@HaggertyTennis) president of the International Tennis Federation (ITF).
The ITF recently announced controversial plans to end the Davis Cup's 37-year-old format. After brokering a $3 billion, 25-year partnership with Kosmos, the investment group founded by soccer player Gerard Pique (@3gerardpique).
"Sometimes things have to change, or they have the risk to die," said Pique. The Barcelona defender added, "I can understand for a very traditional tournament like the Davis Cup, it's difficult for people and they have doubts."
The Davis Cup, which was founded in 1900 and has been played in the current format since 1981. Haggerty stated that the decision would elevate the Davis Cup "to new standards".
"This new event will create a true festival of tennis and entertainment which will be more attractive to players, to fans, to sponsors and to broadcasters," he added.
Kosmos team celebrating after deal is announced. Credit: rtve.es
The Change
The Davis Cup is one of the world's largest international team competitions with 132 nations taking part in 2018.
In August, the ITF voted to transform the sport's most famous and oldest international men's team tournament into an 18-team World Cup-style format event at their annual general meeting in Orlando, Florida.
A 71.63 % majority voted in favor of the changes to the 118-year-old Davis Cup.
Haggerty said, "I am delighted that the nations have today voted to secure the long-term status of Davis Cup by BNP Paribas. By voting in favor of these reforms, we will be able to work with Kosmos to realize the huge potential of the competition and elevate it to new standards. This new event will create a true festival of tennis and entertainment which will be more attractive to players, to fans, to sponsors and to broadcasters."
"In addition, the new revenues for nations that the event will generate will have a transformative effect on the development of tennis in all nations. Our mission is to ensure that this historic decision will benefit the next generation of players for decades to come."
The revamp, would see the new Davis Cup is played over seven days in the traditional week of the Davis Cup final, rather than across four weekends in February, July, September, and November.
It would comprise a round-robin format where teams are placed into six, three-team groups, involving two singles matches and one doubles match, all best-of-three-sets, instead of the current format that has four singles matches and one doubles match that is best-of-five.
The winners, along with the next two teams with the best records, will advance to the single-elimination quarterfinals. Sixteen teams would automatically qualify for the finals, and two more would be selected.
Established in 1900, the Davis Cup has struggled for relevance at times in a crowded sporting calendar in recent years, failing to attract elite players to come and compete for their countries, as they try to ease their schedule.
It was also confirmed by Haggerty, that Madrid will host the Davis Cup finals in 2019 and 2020 before the competition moves elsewhere. In 2019, it will take place at the Caja Magica, which stages the Madrid Open in May.
It is unsurprising that Madrid was chosen given Kosmos Tennis is very much a Spanish affair. Piqué is joined by chief executive Javier Alonso, the former director-general at MotoGP commercial rights holder Dorna Sports, and media rights director Alex Soriano, who has stepped across from the Barcelona-based Beach Soccer Worldwide.
Kosmos will be pouring around $125m into the sport each year, and Haggerty said "the economics are there for them to be able to make some money as well".
And despite the ATP's plans for their own World Cup event, Haggerty hopes that, after discussions, the Davis Cup will be able to claim its place as the key team event in the sport.
The ATP intends to stage a revamped World Team Cup in Australia in the first week of January from 2020, less than two months after the conclusion of the Davis Cup finale in November.
The main criticism leveled towards the Davis Cup in its current format has been the lack of involvement from elite players, many of whom chosen to skip non-mandatory Davis Cup ties in favor of focusing on the four Grand Slams and top-category events on the ATP World Tour.
However, it remains to be seen whether that will change under the new format. Despite efforts having being made to reduce the burden on players.
Nevertheless, Alonso is unperturbed. "Players are important but they are not the most important thing," he says. "Nations are the most important thing. Having those ingredients makes it very unique."
Ultimately, says Alonso, the aim is to create an all-new experience that not only transcends tennis, but is eventually regarded as a marquee event on the global sporting calendar. He hints at the prospect of a performance from Pique's wife, Shakira (@shakira), who could well be brought in to add glamour to proceedings, making the event "something beyond the tennis experience".
"Gerard loves the Super Bowl," he continues. "He doesn't like American football but he always watches the Super Bowl. We want to have a Super Bowl."
"One of the reasons why we managed to make it happen is because we are not coming from the world of tennis," insists Alonso. "We are not contaminated by the world of tennis. We have a fresh view. Gerard is a footballer; I am coming from another sport; Alex is coming from beach soccer. We have good ideas around the table."
As it stands, there are no plans to implement similar changes for the women's equivalent, the Fed Cup. Yet that could change in the near future. "The Fed Cup also needs a little bit of revamping and we are happy to help the ITF on that," added Alonso. Another idea on the table concerns a mixed team event, held in April, which would be similar in format to January's Hopman Cup. "I think it's too early to talk about what we are going to do but we have some ideas," he continues, adding that any additional events if approved, would begin in 2020, once "the Davis Cup is more fixed in the calendar".
"We want the Davis Cup to grow and we want the Davis Cup [to become] one of the biggest sports events of the year - not only in tennis but all of sport," says Alonso. "We really think that having the nations competing against other nations, with the experience of the World Cup - of course, we don't pretend to compare ourselves to football - but there is room to improve what has been done until now."
"Business-wise, there are some tournaments that work very well and some others that don't work very well. We want to be in the ones that work very well."
The radical makeover has been divisive in the tennis world.
Critics of the new plan say it involves too much change to fundamental elements of an event that has been around for more than a century.
However, The U.S. Tennis Association was among the national federations that backed the changes.
The organization said the new format will "project Davis Cup into the 21st century" and elevate the competition to "the heights it deserves."
"Especially for small countries, it's a good deal," said Aleksandar Sekulovic (@sekulaPG), secretary of the Montenegrin Tennis Association. "Now we have $25 million more than we had before now. It's three steps forward for the grassroots in the smaller countries."
Cedric Babu (@CedricNdilima), president of the Uganda Tennis Association, applauded the embracing of the business of sport.
"It gives us the opportunity to develop more players," he said. "Because we get 10 times the amount we get now, we get to produce more players. For us, it's an easy decision."
Babu added: "Davis Cup, over the years, has been losing its momentum. There's such big money in mainstream tennis that players were not really incentivized to play; they get all the credit from playing on the ATP Tour or at Slams."
Novak Djokovic (@DjokerNole) and Rafael Nadal (@RafaelNadal) have been the most positive backers of the plan since it was revealed earlier this year. With Djokovic stating "I'm really glad that people of ITF are understanding the urgency of changing the format and the schedule. It was just not right, especially for the top players."
Lucas Pouille (@la_pouille) shared his thought on the decision.
The French federation also supported the changes, despite French players being some of the most outspoken against the new format.
"The Davis Cup died, and a part of the history of our sport flew away for a handful of dollars," the French player Nicolas Mahut (@nmahut) wrote on Twitter after the vote.
Tennis Australia is one of several federations, including Germany and England, who voted against the plans.
"This proposal takes away too much of what makes the Davis Cup special and unique," Tennis Australia, who are backing the ATP's venture, said in a statement.
"Reform is vital for the competition but this proposal takes away too much of what makes the Davis Cup unique and special, especially the home and away aspect which has brought elite tennis to so many fans around the world."
"Sometimes it's more than a game, more than money," said 37-year-old two-time Grand Slam champion Lleyton Hewitt (@lleytonhewitt), who won the competition with Australia in 1999 and 2003.
"Most of my biggest highs and toughest losses came in five-set epic Davis Cup matches in front of screaming home or away fans.
For the International Tennis Federation to take that away from the next generation of future stars is a disgrace."
The Lawn Tennis Association, Britain's governing body, opposed the proposals, saying it was concerned about scheduling, financing and the division between member nations.
Roger Federer, who played Davis Cup regularly in the first half of his career and won it for Switzerland in 2014, has not participated in it recently and has started his own team event, Laver Cup. Still, he seemed unhappy about the changes.
"The ITF has historically never involved the players," he said. "I'm still a bit surprised. I didn't get involved because I didn't know the solution. It was definitely flawed in some ways, you know, the Davis Cup."
"So for me, I don't know, I feel sad about it, you know, not to have the Davis Cup as it used to be. It will never be the same."
Federer also appeared to have some questions about the funding arrangements.
"I just hope that every penny of that mass of money will be paid for the next generation," he said, referencing a similarly lucrative agreement in 2000 between the ATP and ISL, which then went bust. "It set us back in a big way. I don't want that to happen again."
Finally making the statement "The Davis Cup should not become the Pique Cup."
Haggerty, drawing inspiration from the city around him, said that the boldness and ambition would be rewarded.
"There's risk in not doing anything, and I thought that that risk was far greater than the changes that we're making," he said. "It's interesting that we're here in Orlando, when you think of a crazy guy like Walt Disney having a dream and building something that people said wouldn't happen.
"I in no way compare myself to Walt Disney, but I can learn something from that: You have to look to the future."


What has Windows 7 done to my boot manager?
I know Windows 7 makes changes to the boot manager (editing and renaming boot.ini for example) but it would appear that's not all it does. Some vital bit of information is not being seen now; the problem is I don't know what it is. I've tried copying files from the old XP drive in case something was put there but nothing helps. From what I've read, I think the problem may be with the MBR or some such thing, and I suspect the machine is looking in the wrong place for instructions on how to boot up. Unfortunately, I don't know enough about this to play around with it. I wish I had taken the time to check out one of the 3rd party boot managers... I read about Windows' own being badly designed but again, I didn't know enough to get involved and I was more interested in installing the OS. That'll teach me to trust Microsoft to do the right thing. Hopefully, someone here will be able to offer some advice.
I should add that yes, I could easily reinstall Windows 7 but 1) I've already customised it to some degree and 2) I don't see why I should. I believe I should be able to remove a slave drive without it making my master drive unbootable.
Thanks to anyone who read all that; I hope it makes sense and someone can help.
But I think we can get to the bottom of this. The process may have been different for IDE drives than for SATA drives, but the result was the same.
Your drive 1 is where the boot manager installed itself; when you removed drive 1, the boot manager went with it. Drive 2, where the XP and Win 7 partitions are located, still has the original boot.ini file and therefore boots to XP.
I'm not familiar with how boot.ini and Win 7 work together (or even if they do), but if you don't plan to keep the XP install, why not reinstall Win7 over top. This time with only a single drive installed.
Firstly, fair enough; I DID forget to give any hardware specs, which is usually the first thing I do (/me gives self a good slap). However, I'm 99% convinced the issue is not hardware related so that info isn't necessary (although god knows, with Micros**t, hardware and software issues are often in bed together).
1) I installed Windows 7 (on IDE drive 2) from within XP on SATA drive 1 so the installer obviously assumed that THAT instance of XP was the main OS, especially since it was on the C: drive (on drive 2, XP is on H: and Win 7 is on I:) When I put drive 2 in the machine by itself H: and I: become C: and , but THIS C: does not contain any of the boot files it needs.
2) I also noticed that my 'real' C: (drive 1) had a new folder called "boot". This is why I don't think it's important that one drive is IDE and one is SATA, the problem is that the installer has picked up on the wrong 'C: drive'.
This has been confirmed by me putting drive 2 back in the machine (with drive 1) and booting up: I get asked if I want to use Windows 7 or "earlier version of Windows". If I select 'earlier version' it boots the XP on drive 1 and NOT the XP that exists on the Windows 7 drive.
This was also starting to become clear immediately after I removed drive 2: when I rebooted with only drive 1 in the machine I was still getting the dual boot menu (which I shouldn't have) and if I opted to boot into Windows 7 the machine hung.
Anyway, as I think I said earlier, I DO want the option of being able to boot into XP on the odd occasion I need to use a program that doesn't yet work with Windows 7.
I've spent the morning picking up all the new boot files from my drive 1 C: and putting them on my drive 2 C: but I still can't boot into Windows 7 If I could boot into 7, I would use the Files & Settings wizard to save the changes I had made, then remove drive 1 and reinstall 7 on drive 2. In the meantime, I'm left with a whole load of junk on my C drive that shouldn't be there, not just in the root but also god knows how many files in the system32 folder... is there any way of getting rid of all that? Maybe a System Restore? Or will uninstalling Windows 7 remove all the crap that was added during the install? (knowing Microsoft, I'd say no). The last thing I want to have to do is a fresh install of XP as well.
Once again, sorry if that's extremely long winded but I hope I've been clear enough and not rambled too much. Thanks again for your reply and any further suggestions re fixing will be gratefully accepted.
You won't be able to boot into Win 7 simply by moving files. The boot manager, whether boot.ini or Win 7 is called from the primary hard drive's master boot record. You need to do a repair install on your Win 7 drive without drive 1 installed to make the appropriate changes to be able to boot to Win 7 on drive 2.
Since, as I understand it, you want to keep the XP installation on your drive 1 and still have Win 7, the best way that comes to mind is install Win 7 onto drive 1. To do this, resize the XP partition on drive 1 to make room, then install Win 7 into the empty space. This will give you both XP and Win 7 on the same physical drive and eliminate your OS select problem.
If the drive isn't large enough, purchase a larger drive, clone the XP partition to it, and go to town with Win 7.
How about two separate drives?
Thanks for all the info you're providing, it's very helpful.
The way I understand it, the PC accesses my primary drive in order to read the MBR in sector 1, which then tells it to boot into Windows 7... which is on a separate physical drive. The 3rd party boot managers I read about claimed to be "better" because they were called immediately by the BIOS before ANY drive was accessed. In other words each OS could run completely independently on its own drive/partition. In my case, read that as: XP would boot up even if drive 2 was absent (which it does) and Windows 7 would boot up even if drive 1 was missing (which it doesn't). You and I agree that my problems arise because the boot information can not be accessed (because it's stored on a drive thats been removed).
My plan now is to have XP on drive 1 and Win7 on drive 2, one of them set as first boot device. If I want to use the other OS I'll simply change the boot order when I reboot. Would a 3rd party boot manager do anything other than automate that process? If not, pressing F12 is just as easy as selecting an OS from a menu.
Thanks in advance for any thoughts you may have. Feel free to correct me if I've misunderstood anything.
This would allow you to set a default boot partition, but still allow you to boot to the second OS when you desired. You can set a boot time ("This OS will start in # seconds") to something fairly short (say 5 or 10 seconds) so there is no appreciable delay during the boot process, but you have the opportunity to select the alternative partition when you want to with only a keystroke or two.
The boot managers' claims that they are called immediately by the BIOS before a drive is accessed are misleading. Hard drive boot instructions are contained in the MBR on the primary hard drive. The BIOS still has to access the drive in order to read the MBR and start the boot manager.


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