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\twocolumn[
  \begin{@twocolumnfalse}
\noindent\LARGE{\textbf{Avalanches of rearrangements in quasi-2D emulsion hopper flow}}
\vspace{0.6cm}

\noindent\large{\textbf{
Xia Hong,\textit {$^{a}$}
Kenneth W. Desmond, \textit {$^{b}$}
Dandan Chen \textit {$^{c,d}$}
and
Eric R. Weeks$^\ast$\textit{$^{a}$}
}}
\vspace{0.5cm}

\vspace{0.6cm}

\noindent \normalsize {We experimentally study the flow of a
quasi-two-dimensional emulsion through a constricting hopper
shape.  Our area fractions range from
$\phi=0.83 - 0.99$, such that the droplets are always in contact
with one another and are in many cases highly deformed.
At the lowest flow rates, the droplets
exit the hopper via intermittent avalanches.  At the highest flow
rates, the droplets exit continuously.  The transition between
these two types of behaviors is a fairly smooth function of the
mean strain rate.  The avalanches are characterized by a power
law distribution of the time interval between droplets exiting
the hopper, with long intervals between the avalanches.
There is little or no dependence of the flow
behavior on the area fraction of the system.
}

\vspace{0.5cm}
 \end{@twocolumnfalse}
  ]

\footnotetext{\textit{$^{a}$~Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA}}
\footnotetext{\textit{$^{b}$~ExxonMobil, Annandale, NJ 08801, USA}}
\footnotetext{\textit{$^{c}$~School of Radiation Medicine and
Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China}}
\footnotetext{\textit{$^{d}$~Collaborative Innovation Center of
Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, China}}

\section{Introduction}

Many slowly strained materials exhibit
intermittent flow behavior: long still periods
punctuated by rapid avalanches where material flows
\cite{rbenzi2014,aGopal1995,mDennin1997,sTewari1999,jSethna2001}.
Examples include diverse phenomena such as earthquakes
\cite{dFisher1997,kDahmen1998}, general deformations of solids
\cite{kDahmen2009}, stick-slip friction due to granular layers
\cite{jGollub1997,jKrim2011},
Barkhausen noise in magnetic materials \cite{urbach95},
and sheep herded through
constrictions \cite{iZuriguel2014}.  More commonly, avalanches are
seen in slow flows of athermal soft materials such as emulsions
\cite{rbenzi2014}, bubble rafts \cite{mDennin2004}, foams
\cite{dDurian1997,sTewari1999,ePratt2003,yBertho2006,mLundberg2008},
and granular materials
\cite{rHartley2003,aJanda2008, aAguirre2010, nhayman2011,
pLafond2013,tWilson2014}.  These soft materials typically have
amorphous structure, necessitating that flow and rearrangements are
disordered on a microscopic scale.  The slow flow speed is
a key feature: for example, a rotating drum experiment with sand
inside demonstrated avalanches at low rotation rates and smooth
flow at high rotation rates \cite{jRajchenbach1990}.  For granular
materials, static friction can prevent the material from flowing
and can lead to avalanches.  In systems composed of fluids such as
foams and emulsions, stresses are supported not by static friction
but rather surface tension, which resists the deformation of the
bubbles or droplets.

In this manuscript, we present an experimental study of a flowing
emulsion where we see a range of flow behaviors.  Our emulsions are
oil droplets in water and are compressed between two parallel glass
plates so that the droplets are deformed into pancake-like disks.
The area fractions are all above jamming \cite{dDurian1997},
such that the droplets touch each other and are in many cases
highly deformed by their neighbors.  At the slowest flow rates,
we see large avalanches of rearrangements.  At higher flow
rates rearrangement events are always occurring and droplets exit
continuously.  Intriguingly, the transition between the two flow
behaviors occurs fairly smoothly as the flow rate is increased, and
at moderate flow rates we see an intermediate type of flow behavior.
Despite the range of area fractions we study ($\phi = 0.83 - 0.99$),
the area fraction does not seem to control the flow behavior.

\section{Experimental Method}
\label{sectionMethod}

\subsection{Design}
\label{subSectionDesign}

Our emulsions are mineral oil droplets in water using Fairy
detergent (mass fraction 0.025) as a surfactant to prevent
coalescence of the droplets \cite{kdesmond2012,dchen2012}.
The droplets are produced using a standard co-flow micro-fluidic
technique \cite{martinez2008}.
The radius polydispersity of our
droplets made this way is 1\% (standard deviation divided by mean).
To prevent droplets from organizing into crystalline arrays, for
each experiment we make a bidisperse emulsion by mixing together
two separate batches of monodisperse droplets at a volume ratio of
about 1:1.  While each individual batch of monodisperse droplets has
a low polydispersity, there is some variability between batches.
The mean diameter of the large droplets is $270 \pm 50~{\mu}$m and
of the small droplets is $200 \pm 40 ~{\mu}$m, and the diameter ratios
of the bidisperse mixtures we form are in the range $d_L/d_S =
1.5 \pm 0.2$.

In our experiment, we confine droplets between two 25 mm $~{\times}$ 75
mm glass slides. The slides are separated by pieces of $100~{\mu}$m
transparency film sealed with epoxy.  These pieces of film act as
spacers and thus creating a gap between the slides.  This gap ranges
from 115 to 140 $~{\mu}$m in different experiments.  Nonetheless,
within a given sample chamber, this gap is constant with uncertainty
$1.8\%$ within any given experiment so the slides are parallel (the
corresponding maximum angle between two slides is $1^{\circ}$).
The diameters of the oil droplets are chosen to be larger than
the gap of the sample chamber. Thus, the droplets are squeezed
between the two glass slides without overlapping to achieve a
quasi-2D system.

The left panel in Fig.~\ref{chamber} shows the schema of the chamber.
The pieces of film are cut to form a symmetric hopper channel
with angle $\theta = 54\pm 5^{\circ}$ (see Fig.~\ref{chamber}) and
opening width $0.7-1$ mm.  The sample chamber is tilted at an angle
$5\pm 1^{\circ}$ relative to the horizontal, to use the buoyant
force of the droplets to balance the viscous friction between droplets and
glass slides.  The buoyant force is due to the density difference
between water and mineral oil ($\rho_{\rm water}= 1.00 $~g/cm$^3$,
$\rho_{\rm oil}= 0.83 $~g/cm$^3$).  First we load the emulsion into
the sample chamber, and then behind the emulsion we add pure
mineral oil.  A syringe pump injects additional mineral oil into
the chamber at constant flux rate to push the emulsion through the
chamber and thus funnel the droplets through the hopper exit.
We use a microscope with a 1.6$\times$ objective lens to image the system,
focusing on the chamber midplane where the 2D droplet images are clearest.
A CCD camera records the images in the region close to (0.5-2 mm away from) the hopper
opening. Depending on the mean
speed of the flow in a given experiment, the camera frame rate
is between 0.2 and 2 images/second. This is sufficient to track
the trajectory of each individual droplet using standard
software\cite{crocker96}, even
at the maximum velocity $0.06 \langle D \rangle$/s, where
$\langle D \rangle$ is the mean diameter of the droplets. The
right panel in Fig.~\ref{chamber} shows a typical raw image,
in which we record hundreds of droplets within the field of view.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=8cm,keepaspectratio]{chamber133}
\caption{Schema of the sample chamber (left)
and raw image of the emulsion (right).}
\label{chamber}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Control Parameters}
\label{subSectionControlParameters}

The two control parameters for our experiments are the area
fraction $\phi$ and the flux rate $F$.  $\phi$ is the fraction
of the area occupied by oil droplets, which is calculated based
on the 2D image. We take a total of 45 data sets with
$0.83 \leq \phi \leq 0.99$ and
$0.0001 \leq F \leq 0.02$~ml/hr.  From the post-processed images,
we observe that $\phi$ has only minimal fluctuations during an
experiment, with a relative standard deviation
no more than $0.5 \%$.  These fluctuations are primarily due to the finite field
of view, with $\phi$ changing when droplets flow in and out.
In flowing suspensions of solid particles there can be a
self-filtration effect \cite{haw04}, but in our data the
mean area fraction as a function of time has no monotonic
ascending and thus there is no self-filtration.
There is an additional possible
systematic uncertainty for $\phi$ as the apparent size of each
droplet depends
on the illumination settings of the microscope.  We keep these
settings constant between each experiment.  For each experiment,
$F$ is set by a syringe pump and thus is constant.  However,
the observed flow velocity fluctuates.  This is likely due to
some compliance in the sample chamber, allowing sample to flow in
slightly without having to flow out, and building up pressure
until it is released by droplets flowing out.

To simplify the discussion, rather than focusing on flux, we use
the experimentally measured quantity of the mean strain rate
$\langle \dot{\gamma} \rangle$.  $\langle \dot{\gamma} \rangle$ is
defined and calculated as follow.  $x$ and $y$ are defined using
the coordinate system on the right panel in Fig.~\ref{chamber}.
For each droplet, we determine the trajectory of its center of mass,
$[x(t),y(t)]$.  Using a short time interval, we also determine
its instantaneous velocity $(v_x, v_y)$.  For a given droplet,
we consider the motion of it and its neighbors (defined as those
droplets connected by a Delaunay triangulation of all the droplets).
Using these data, the instantaneous strain rate of this droplet $j$
is averaged over all neighbors:

\begin{equation}
\dot{\gamma_j}= \vert \langle \frac{v_x(j)-v_x(i)}{y_j-y_i} \rangle_i \vert,
\label{strainrate}
\end{equation}

\noindent
where the subscript $i$ indicates the $i$th neighbor of the
reference droplet $j$, and the average is taken over all of the
neighbors.  The strain rate can be interpreted as the spacial
gradient in $y$ direction of the velocity in $x$ direction; the gradients of the $y$ velocity are smaller and accordingly we neglect them. The
mean strain rate $\langle \dot{\gamma} \rangle$ of each
data set is calculated by averaging over all droplets
and all time.

\section{Results and Discussion}
\label{sectionResults}

\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=14cm,keepaspectratio]{ava}
\includegraphics[width=14cm,keepaspectratio]{ava2}
\includegraphics[width=14cm,keepaspectratio]{ava3}
\caption{Description of the three flow behaviors.
(a-c) Images of the samples at a particular time, with the color
indicating the time when the droplet exits.  The red
droplets exit earlier and blue droplets exit later.  The
time ranges for the colors are (a) 1250~s, (b) 3000~s, and
(c) 14000~s.
(d-f) The number of droplets that
have exited the hopper as a function of time. (g-i)
Histograms of the number of droplets exiting the hopper within a short
time window, chosen such that the mean of the histogram is 10
droplets.
The flow conditions are: (a,d,g) smooth flow, $\phi = 0.87$,
$\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle = 0.065$~s$^{-1}$.  (b,e,h) Intermediate,
$\phi = 0.96$, $\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle = 0.02$~s$^{-1}$. (c,f,i)
Avalanche, $\phi = 0.96$, $\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle = 0.01$~s$^{-1}$.
}
\label{ava}
\end{figure*}

We observe a wide range of flow behaviors as we vary $F$ and
$\phi$ for different experiments.  For large $F$, droplets flow
continuously and smoothly (referred as {\em smooth flow} cases in
this article).  For small $F$, we see avalanche-like flow (referred
as {\em avalanche} cases).  For intermediate flux rates $F$,
we observe {\em intermediate cases} between these two flow patterns.
As will be discussed below, we do not see any clear dependence of
these flow patterns on the area fraction $\phi$.

We summarize these three flow behaviors in Fig.~\ref{ava}.
The three pictures in Fig.~\ref{ava}(a)-(c) use color to show
the time each droplet exits the hopper opening to the right.
Red droplets exit the earliest, and blue the latest.  The left
picture is a smooth flow case, which shows a smooth gradient in
color. The right one shows an avalanche case, where droplets have
distinct groups of colors indicating that droplets exit the hopper
in bursts.  Note that the color scale of each plot corresponds to
a different amount of time, as specified in the caption.

Figs.~\ref{ava}(d)-(f) quantify these pictures by showing the cumulative
number of droplets that have exited the hopper as a function of
time for our three flow cases.
In the smooth flow case (d), the data form a smooth curve with
a well-defined slope, showing that droplets exit the hopper
continuously at a fairly constant rate.  The intermediate case
(e) shows fluctuations in the rate, although it is still fairly
continuous. In avalanche case (f), there are stretches of time
where no droplets exit, followed by discrete sudden flow events
where many droplets exit within a short period of time, indicated
by the vertical portions of the data in (f).  Specifically, the
first vertical line at $t \approx 6000$~s relates to all of the
yellow droplets in (c) that exit at nearly the same time.  Again,
the existence of avalanches despite the constant flux set by the
syringe pump shows that there is some compliance in the plumbing,
such that the pressure builds up before an avalanche.

Fig.~\ref{ava}(g)-(i) show the histograms of exiting flux.
The exiting flux size is the number of droplets exiting during
a time window $T$, with $T$ chosen to make the mean flux size
to be 10. The smooth flow case (g) has a Gaussian shape while the
avalanche case (i) has a few rare but large events.  To quantify
this, the skewness values for these distributions are (g) 0.15,
(h) -0.03, and (i) 2.2 for smooth flow, intermediate, and avalanche
cases respectively.  Not surprisingly, the avalanche case has a
large positive skewness, and this is generally true that all
avalanche flow cases have positively skewed distributions.
Given that the avalanche cases have very few events overall, our
skewness data are noisy and we cannot resolve any clear trend in
the skewness as a function of our control parameters.  The general
picture shown in Fig.~\ref{ava}(g)-(i) is clear, though, that
avalanche cases have distributions with positive skewness and
there is a trend toward more symmetric distributions with skewness
$\approx 0$ as $F$ increases.

To better quantify the difference of these flow behaviors, we
introduce a method focusing on the temporal behavior of the flow.
In avalanche cases, discrete sudden flow events are separated by
time intervals where droplets barely move and no droplets exit
the hopper.  Accordingly, we define the time between two successive
droplets exiting the hopper as the interval ${\Delta}t$.  As shown
in Fig.~\ref{intervala}, we set $t_{1}$ as the time when the
black droplet exits the hopper, $t_{2}$ as the time when the
next droplet (in red) exits, and then ${\Delta}t =
t_{2} - t_{1}$.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=6cm,keepaspectratio]{intervala}
\caption{Schema of the definition of interval
${\Delta}t$. The left figure is at time $t_1$ when the black
droplet exits the hopper. The right figure is at time $t_2$ when
the red droplet exits the hopper.}
\label{intervala}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[t!]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=8cm,keepaspectratio]{interval}
\caption{Typical examples of three types of probability
distribution functions of ${\Delta}t$:
(a) exponential distribution, (b) intermediate case, (c) power
law distribution.
The area fraction $\phi$ and mean strain rate $\langle
\dot{\gamma} \rangle$ are as indicated in each panel.
In (a) the line shows an exponential fit
$P({\Delta}t){\sim}e^{-{\Delta}t/ \tau}$ with $\tau = 6.3$~s.
In (b) the straight line is a power-law fit
$P({\Delta}t){\sim}{\Delta}t^{-\alpha}$
with $\alpha=2.1$ and the curved line is
an exponential fit with $\tau= 12.7$~s.
In (c) the line is a power-law fit with $\alpha=1.6$.}
\label{intervalhist}
\end{figure}

It is apparent in the plots in Fig.~\ref{ava}(d-f) that the
distributions of ${\Delta}t$ are different for the smooth flow
and avalanche cases. In smooth flow, the values of ${\Delta}t$
are small and do not fluctuate much. In the avalanche case,
${\Delta}t$ is sometimes small (vertical portions, where many
droplets exit over a short time interval) and sometimes large
(horizontal stretches, where a long time passes between one
droplet exiting and the next).  Figure~\ref{intervalhist} shows
the probability distribution functions for ${\Delta}t$ for the
same three data sets shown in Fig.~\ref{ava}. The smooth flow case
shown in Fig.~\ref{intervalhist}(a) is well fit to an exponential,
as shown by the dashed red line; note this is a semilog plot.
The exponential fit $P({\Delta}t){\sim}e^{-{\Delta}t/{\tau}}$
defines the mean time between events $\tau$, and the fit suggests
that the time between events follows a Poisson process, where
events occur continuously and independently with a constant
mean rate.  The avalanche case shown in panel (c) is well
fit to a power law, as shown by the dashed red line; note this
is a log-log plot.  The fit in this case is given by
$P({\Delta}t){\sim}{\Delta}t^{-\alpha}$ with $\alpha=1.6$, and
the power law regime covers more than 2 decades in ${\Delta}t$ and
more than 4 decades in probability.  The tails correspond to the
long periods of time where droplets barely move.  The intermediate
case in panel (b) is plotted on log-log axes, and can be fit with
either a power law (straight line) or an exponential (curved line);
neither fit is perfect.  The exponential fit fails for the
largest ${\Delta}t$ while the power law is not adequate to
describe the small ${\Delta}t$ region.

In our experiments we have varied both $\phi$ and flux rate
(quantified by the mean strain rate $\langle \dot{\gamma} \rangle$).
For each experiment, we use the shape of $P(\Delta t)$
to describe its flow behavior. Figure \ref{phase} shows the
phase diagram of fitting patterns.  There is no obvious trend
with $\phi$, but more clearly a transition from avalanche flow
(red circles) to avalanche flow (black cross) with increasing
$\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle$.  Note that the judgment about the
best fitting function is done by eye.  The quality of each fit
depends on which range of data is used for the fit, and while
we have tried several ways to approach the fitting procedure
more systematically, none seem satisfactory for the intermediate
cases, and none affect the appearance of Fig.~\ref{phase} in any
substantial way.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=8cm,keepaspectratio]{phase}
\caption{Phase diagram of fitting patterns of
$P(\Delta t)$
in terms of area fraction $\phi$ and mean
strain rate $\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle$. Red circle:  power law;
blue triangle: intermediate; black cross: exponential.}
\label{phase}
\end{figure}

The phase diagram of Fig.~\ref{phase} is perhaps unsatisfying as
the intermediate cases (blue triangles) are mixed in with the
other two cases.  However, by ignoring $\phi$ and focusing only
on the flow rate dependence, the data become more unified.  In
particular, Fig.~\ref{intervalfitting}(a) shows the
relation between the power law exponent of $P({\Delta}t)$
and $\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle$.
The power exponent $\alpha$
increases as the mean strain rate increases.
Even when the power law fit is not perfect (triangles), the data
still follow the general trend started by the well-fit power law
cases (circles).  Smaller values of
$\alpha$ indicate a broader distribution, where the large $\Delta
t$ events are more significant:  these are the avalanche cases
with long pauses between short bursts when many droplets exit.
This is similar to
previous experimental studies of sheared granular materials,
where they have power law distributions of various stick-slip
event properties including forces, energy, and avalanche sizes
\cite{kdahmen2011,rCandelier2009,zhang2010,nhayman2011,tMajmudar2005,aBaldassarri2006}.

To consider the exponential cases, we note that the exponential
fitting parameter $\tau$ corresponds to the mean interval.
Accordingly, in Fig.~\ref{intervalfitting}(b) we
compute $\langle \Delta t \rangle$ for every experiment (no matter the
distribution shape) and see that this decreases as mean strain
rate $\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle$ increases.  This is plausible
since the strain rate is bigger for higher flow velocity and thus
droplets exit faster, which leads to small mean interval.
Note that for those cases in Fig.~\ref{intervalfitting}(a)
with $\alpha < 2$, it is problematic to define $\langle \Delta
t \rangle$ since the mean of a power law distribution with
$\alpha < 2$ is infinite.  Thus, our finite values of $\langle
\Delta t \rangle$ merely reflect the finite amount of data.
It is plausible that the power law distributions
may well have some cutoff at very large $\Delta t$.  To an
extent, the relationship shown in Fig.~\ref{intervalfitting}(b)
is trivial by dimensional analysis: $\langle \Delta t \rangle$
and $\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle^{-1}$ have dimensions of time.
The dashed red line in Fig.~\ref{intervalfitting}(b) is a power
law fit with exponent $-1.2$, fairly close to the -1 suggested by
dimensional analysis.  The different exponent, and the reason the
data don't completely collapse, is that the two quantities are
different averages:  in general $\langle x \rangle \neq \langle
x^{-1} \rangle ^{-1}$ and in specific $\langle \Delta t \rangle$
focuses on droplets exiting whereas $\langle \dot{\gamma} \rangle$
focuses on the behavior of all of the droplets everywhere, averaged
over both time and space.

\begin{figure}[tb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=8cm,keepaspectratio]{fitting2}
\caption{(a) The power law exponent $\alpha$
as a function
of mean strain rate $\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle$.
For the power law fits, only data in the tail are used for the
fit.  Different choices of the minimum $\Delta t$ used for the
fit give rise to different values of $\alpha$,
reflected in the error bars shown here.
(b) Mean interval $\langle \Delta t \rangle$ as a function of
$\langle \dot{\gamma} \rangle$.  The dashed line is a fit with slope of
-1.2.
}
\label{intervalfitting}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusions}
\label{sectionConclusions}

We have demonstrated that in a single experimental geometry,
we see behaviors changing from clear avalanches to smooth continuous flows as we increase the mean flow rate by a
factor of 100.  We quantify these behaviors by examining the
distributions of times $\Delta t$ between subsequent droplets
exiting the hopper.  Intriguingly, the transition in the flow
behaviors is somewhat smooth as we increase the flow
rate:  the power law exponent characterizing the tails of
$P(\Delta t)$ smoothly varies as
the flow rate increases past the point where a power law no longer
adequately describes the data.  One possibility is that at
any flow rate, the distribution $P(\Delta t)$ may be describable
by a power law with an exponential cutoff, and this cutoff may
smoothly move to smaller $\Delta t$ as the flow rate increases.
However, the data we have for the intermediate cases [such as
shown in Fig.~\ref{intervalhist}(b)] are hard to interpret in the
tails, and so it is difficult to resolve this question.  The rate
dependence of our observations is consistent with prior studies
of athermally sheared 2D amorphous solids which demonstrated rate
dependence \cite{lemaitre09,rWhite2003,gKatgert2008, kKrishan2008,
rHartley2003, dHowell1999, cVeje1999}.  The dependence on velocity
is also displayed in experimental works on sheared granular
materials, where friction plays a key role \cite{jGollub1997,
jKrim2011}.  For hopper flow in granular experiments, the presence
of static friction can make jamming and clogging obvious, where
stress-supporting solid arches form across the exit \cite{to01}.
In addition to static friction, such experiments are also driven
by a constant force (gravity), whereas in our experiments the
syringe pump increases the pressure until flow occurs, and so
no arches can persist indefinitely.

The transition from avalanche to smooth flow happens
around $\langle \dot{\gamma} \rangle \approx 0.02$~s$^{-1}$, indicated in
Fig.~\ref{phase}. While we use mean strain rate to
indicate each data set, actually the strain rate is spatially
inhomogeneous. Within the imaged field of view, $\dot{\gamma}$
near the hopper exit can be 5 to 14 times bigger than the mean
strain rate $\langle\dot{\gamma}\rangle$.  Thus at the hopper
exit using this local $\dot{\gamma}$, the transition point is
$\dot{\gamma}\approx 0.1$~s$^{-1}$ to $0.28$~s$^{-1}$.  The inverse of
this gives us a time scale $\tau_{\gamma} = 1/\dot{\gamma}$ about
$3.6$ to $10$ seconds.  $\tau_{\gamma}$ is the time for the system
to strain by $1$, which microscopically can be viewed as the time
for one droplet to slide past a neighboring droplet. In a 2D system,
the simplest topological rearrangement is the neighbor exchange of a
group of four droplets, known as a T1 event
\cite{mLundberg2008,dchen2012}:
two droplets that are neighbors move apart, and between them
two droplets that weren't neighbors before move together and
become neighbors.  The time scale of a T1 event
$\tau_{T1}$ in our system is a few seconds \cite{dchen2012}.
This is determined from the mean structural relaxation time
based on the change of local stress field around a T1 event
\cite{kDesmond2013}.  So, for fast flow rates in our experiment,
a rearrangement event near the hopper exit which allows one droplet
to exit may not be fully completed before the next rearrangement
happens, allowing for substantial cross-talk between given events
\cite{dchen2012}.  At slower flow rates, individual events can be
less correlated, allowing fewer droplets to exit at a time, until
the stress builds up and is released in a large avalanche event
where many rearrangements happen nearly simultaneously.  In our
intermediate cases, it may be that in some moments rearrangement
events occur close enough in space and time to influence and enhance
each other, whereas in other moments events are more individual;
some evidence of this has been seen in simulations of 2D foam flow
\cite{yJiang1999} and other systems \cite{rWhite2003}.

In summary, we see that the flow of an emulsion through a
hopper can vary from avalanche-like to continuous.  The transition
between these behaviors is not abrupt, but rather a continuous
function of the flow rate.  At the lowest flow rates, the power
law exponent we observe approaches $\alpha = 1$, showing that
the flow has extremely long quiescent intervals in between the
avalanches.  The decrease of the power law exponent with
decreasing flow rate [Fig.~\ref{intervalfitting}(a)] suggests that
even with these slow flows, we are not in a quasi-static
limit, in agreement with a prior study of slowly sheared bubble
rafts \cite{Twardos05}.  In this simple limit where the strain
rate approaches zero, the flow is not simple, but rather dominated
by the rare intermittent avalanches.

\section*{Acknowledgments}

This work was financially supported by NSF grant
NSF(CBET-1336401) and Petroleum Research Fund (47970-AC9),
administered by the American Chemical Society. We thank K.~Dahmen,
C.~Orellana, and I.~Zuriguel for helpful discussions.

\footnotesize{

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\end{mcitethebibliography}

}

\end{document}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Settle down kids. It's time for a story.
One of intrigue and mystery. Of explosions and loot. Of loss and heartbreak.
Sadly for myself, the intrigue is wondering how I couldn't cloak. The mystery is where the opposing fleet came from. The explosions were my ship, the loot is my modules, the loss is my Offensive Subsystem skill and the heartbreak is losing my first ever T3 Cruiser.
The evening began as usual. As luck would have it an inbound Class 5 wormhole connects us to our sister Class 4 wormhole, though Penny and co have long logged for the day. I make note to steal some modules (or corpses) from it, but Firefly has discovered quite the wormhole chain through our static C4. Whilst boring in of itself, C4a leads us to a C2 which contains no less than 5 connecting wormholes. A highsec, C2, C5, C2b and C3 litter the space of what must have previously been a quiet system. Of bigger note is the Brutix sat on that C5.
Firefly can't exactly tackle the Brutix in a Cheetah so I launch my Proteus to see what I can catch. A glance at the Brutix's killboard reveals a dabble or two in wormhole space so as usual I have reservations about this move. ST and Firefly follow me in an Astarte and Sacrilege to provide backup. It's not long before I arrive on the C5 wormhole to find… nothing. So I jump.
The other side is clear but it's also a Cataclysmic wormhole, meaning my local reps are greatly reduced but remote repairs are greatly increased instead. Not a good place for my active-tank Proteus to fight in, so I cloak up and watch the wormhole. On the other side, Fire and ST have seen an Omen Navy issue and Exequoror Navy issue land on the wormhole and have engaged.
Within seconds, they report their d-scan lighting up.
The battle commences on the far side and they push a badly damaged Omen Navy through to me. I engage it easily, but an Exequror has followed through and its' repairs outmatch my DPS massively. Fire and ST are badly damaged too so we try to pull out. ST and Fire jump to the C5 with me but, obviously, their fleet followed and my Proteus is already half armour. We jump back to the C2.
ST is easily caught as we decloak. I'm 6,500 metres from any ship or wormhole. I can move and re-cloak!
Overheat MWD and Reps. Burn back to wormhole. MWD won't cycle. Scrammed off wormhole. Webbed. Neuted. Jammed.
So my Proteus blew up.
There was no epic escape as there has been when being baited. Nor did I manage to use ECM drones to get away from a gang when tackled. Nope, I straight up died.
Posted on August 20, 2013, in Wormholes. Bookmark the permalink.	3 Comments.
I mourn the death of tgl3's Rift… i mean, Proteus! At least it survived quite some time and got many kills. Not something most PvP ships in small gang or solo PvP can say.
That feeling when you realise….its a trap and you're in it!


text:
Preparing Future Priests to Collaborate for Catholic Schools
Tuesday, May 17, 2016 by Fr. Tim Klosterman, RLP 12 - Director of Students, St. John's Seminary, Camarillo, CA
In a seminary in Southern California, set in beautiful buildings within a citrus grove, men are preparing to bring the Gospel to diverse realities of the people of God. One of the realities the seminarians are preparing to address is Catholic schools--a great challenge and a wonderful means of evangelization.
As a member of the 12th cohort of the Mary Ann Remick Leadership Program who returned to my home in the Archdiocese of Los Angeles after ACE Commencement last summer, I'm currently director of students at St. John's Seminary in Camarillo, CA. I'm preparing to use my educational leadership formation by helping these seminarians to explore their roles in the future of Catholic schools.
After my ordination in 2008, I frequently visited classrooms and worked with teachers at St. Monica's Parish in Santa Monica, CA. I then moved on to a chaplain's post at Cantwell-Sacred Heart of Mary High School in Montelbello, CA, in 2012 and got to know those teachers, including ACE Teachers from Notre Dame. That led to my application, and acceptance, to the Remick Leadership Program.
I'll return to classroom duties in the 2016-2017 school year with a ministry tool recognizing the need for future priests to learn more about Catholic education—not necessarily for service as principals or superintendents, but because priests and pastors in parishes with schools can help drive cases of cooperation. There's a beautiful collaborative atmosphere that should be and can be achieved within a parish community, between the pastor, the principal, and the whole parish family. That is a key message in the course I will teach: "Catholic Schools—Mission Driven, Data Informed."
My syllabus will outline Catholic schools' history and relevant teachings from Church documents in order to show how the Church's mission is embodied in its schools. That will include teaching about practical challenges like finances so that best practices can be applied in carrying out that mission.
I'll also emphasize the development of community spirit—enjoying one another—alongside the other focus on Catholic identity and academic excellence. The research I completed during the Remick Leadership Program, studying the welcoming nature of the parish community around St. Alphonsus elementary school in East Los Angeles, will inform some points I make, especially about relationships within a Hispanic neighborhood. It was from the rich cultural environment of East Los Angeles that I wrote my Remick Leader thesis, titled "Catholic Schools: Breaking the Cycle of Poverty in the Immigrant Population."
"There's a beautiful collaborative atmosphere that should be and can be achieved within a parish community, between the pastor, the principal, and the whole parish family."
An environment of real encounters, like all the aspects of a Catholic school, relies on collaboration among clergy, consecrated religious, and laypeople. Leadership is shared, but pastors play an expansive role in the life of a school. This is symbolized when principals and teachers welcome a priest into their classrooms. It's a great opportunity for ministry not only to the students, but to their parents.
Besides my thesis research, other influences from my Notre Dame days will shape my efforts to spark lively conversations among the seminarians next semester. One of the first lessons I learned is listening—being aware, opening your eyes and ears to the People of God and how the Holy Spirit is guiding school leaders' discussions. Striving for this receptivity is the most important quality for a teacher, minister, or administrator.
Experiences of diversity in nearby Los Angeles have influenced me and will continue to shape the approach I take to in our classroom conversations. Leadership in a caring Catholic school community demands a range of skills, financial and otherwise. I'll also emphasize working together to serve immigrants and the poor, to help them break the cycle of poverty.
Pope Francis is leading us in that direction. We need to provide safe places for young people to get to know the love of Jesus and to further understand the gifts of the Holy Spirit. Priests of today and tomorrow need to minister to whole families, encountering the struggles and strife outside the seminary walls, meeting the needs of those in the margins.
Lessons on School Leadership: You Win with People
Alliance for Catholic Education, Catholic Schools, Remick Leadership Program

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Elkhorn Valley, Neligh-Oakdale Music Programs Recognized
Elkhorn Valley's Brenda Gale and Neligh-Oakdale's Nate Metschke and Pat Miller were recognized with Music Participation awards from the Nebraska Music Educator's Association for their number of students.
More than half of students at Elkhorn Valley and Neligh-Oakdale are taking music classes, and that high number has earned both schools recognition from the Nebraska Music Educator's Association.
Brenda Gale of Elkhorn Valley and Neligh-Oakdale's Nate Metschke and Pat Miller receiving Music Participation awards.
This recognition is given to any Nebraska high school whose music program demonstrates high involvement in music courses and activities. It recognizes the effectiveness of programs that offer attractive music curricula as well as those that excel in the recruitment and retention of students.
To earn the honor, both schools had to have at least 55 percent participation.
Neligh-Oakdale has 57 percent, Metschke said, making it one of just three schools in the state to earn the honor.
"It's a great recognition. We've been around 51-54 percent the last three years, so to now have 57 percent is great for our program," he said. "I think the increase is because kids really like the program and because our schedule has changed a little. High school choir is now seventh period, so more students are taking the class."
BRUNSWICK


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Built by Douglas. Manufacture Number 428. This aircraft was sold to Royal Dutch Airlines / Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij (KLM) and registered as PH-AXE. Next, assigned to Royal Netherlands Indian Airways / Koninklijke Nederlandsch-Indische Luchtvaart Maatschappij (KNILM) as PK-ADB.
After escaping Java, this aircraft was turned over to the Allied Directorate of Air Transport (ADAT), and leased to Australian National Airways (ANA) with registration VH-CXA. Assigned to the 374th Troop Carrier Group, 21st Troop Carrier Squadron and began flying supplies from Queensland, Australia to Port Moresby. No known nickname or nose art. Later, it was administratively assigned U. S. Army Air Force (USAAF) as C-110 serial number 44-83230.
On August 17, 1942 parked at 7 Mile Drome near Port Moresby. There was no advanced warning of a Japanese air raid against 7 Mile Drome by G4M1 Betty bombers from the 4th Kokutai and Misawa Kokutai escorted by A6M2 Zeros from the Tainan Kokutai. Destroyed on the ground by Japanese bombs. Afterwards, the wreckage was photographed by Australian war correspondent Damien Parer.


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A curse shall light upon the limbs of men
A curse shall light upon the limbs of men;
Domestic fury and fierce civil strife shall cumber all the parts of Italy;
Blood and destruction shall be so in use and dreadful objects so familiar
That mothers shall but smile when they behold their infants quarter'd with the hands of war;
All pity choked with custom of fell deeds:
And Caesar's spirit, ranging for revenge, with Ate by his side come hot from hell,
Shall in these confines with a monarch's voice Cry "Havoc!" and let slip the dogs of war;
That this foul deed shall smell above the earth with carrion men, groaning for burial.
Julius Caesar: Act 3 Scene 1
India is passing through turbulent times. The above speech made by Mark Antony before Caesar's body in Shakespeare's Julius Caesar portents the days to come in India.
I do not wish to frighten anyone or sound alarmist, but it is time someone told Indians the truth : terrible times are coming in this country.
The anti CAA agitation and the attack by masked vandals on JNU students and teachers which have raised such a furore are only a small omen: the storm is yet to come.
A revolution is coming in India, as I have said several times, but it will not be an easy or pleasant affair. And one wishes our historical transition (from feudal to industrial society) could be achieved without violence and pain, but that is unfortunately not how history functions.
We are passing through a transitional period in our history, from feudal agricultural society to a modern industrial society. Do historical transitions take place easily or quickly? No, they are terrible things, full of turbulence, turmoil, wars, revolutions, chaos, social churning, intellectual ferment, etc as a study of European history from the 16th to the 19th centuries (when Europe was passing through its transition from feudal to modern society) shows.
For what is a historical transition? It is a period in history when the old social order is being uprooted and torn apart. Can this happen peacefully? No, the vested interests in the old social order will fiercely resist the transition, for they will feel their interests jeopardised. Only after going through this fire did modern society emerge in Europe.
India is presently going through this fire, and things are going to get much worse in the coming years. We are passing through a very turbulent and painful period in our history, which I guess will last another 15-20 years. In a historical transition society is totally uprooted, old values are destroyed, but new values are yet to be created. Everything becomes chaotic and topsy turvy.
Our national aim must be to create a highly industrialised, prosperous country and a just social order in which our people get decent lives and enjoy a high standard of living. But to achieve that we have to wage a mighty historical struggle, make tremendous sacrifices and pass through terrible times.
But there are powerful vested interests, both external and internal, which do not want India to industrialise and modernise. These vested interests will fiercely resist any change. They want India to remain backward and semi-feudal and maintain the status quo, and not become another China (as the Indian economy will become a powerful rival to their own economies). The vast majority of our people are still casteist, communal and superstitious, and fall easy prey to the wicked designs of the vested interests who polarise our society on caste and communal lines. Of late, after 2014, communal polarisation has increased exponentially.
Muslims are often lynched, attacked, humiliated and discriminated against. Dalits are looked down upon and often attacked. Half our children are malnourished, and healthcare is largely non existent for our masses. Honour killings, female foeticide, dowry deaths, farmers suicides, etc are commonplace in our society. There are people whose actions tend to disrupt the unity of the country, like those who spread religious or caste hatred, propagate the son of the soil theory or discriminate against North East people.
The Indian economy is in slide, and the business atmosphere is gloomy. Manufacturing and sales have dipped steeply. Unemployment is at a record high. Prices of foodstuffs and fuel have soared. The government, despite talk of vikas has offered no solutions for these real problems. Rather, we are presented with projects like Ram Mandir, Yoga Day, cow protection, CAA and so on. Also, it must have a scapegoat who must be blamed for all social ills, and these are our Muslims, who are painted as fanatics, terrorists and anti nationals or Pakistanis.
Unemployment has reached massive proportions, with 12 million youth entering the job market every year, but only very few jobs being created in the organized sector of the Indian economy. So what do these 12 million do ? They become hawkers, bouncers, beggars, criminals or suicides.
Historical experience has shown that when there is an economic crisis fascist forces arise, as it happened in Italy in 1922 and in Germany in 1933. The same tendency can be seen today in India ; for instance, the attack by masked hooligans in JNU or beating of Muslims by cow vigilantes.
The interests of our politicians are diametrically opposite to the national interest. The aim of our politicians is only to win elections, and for that they have to polarise society by spreading caste and communal hatred, and rely on divisive vote bank politics. Casteism and communalism are feudal forces, and our national interest demands destruction of feudal forces and spreading of scientific thinking to every nook and corner of the country, but parliamentary democracy further entrenches casteism and communalism, because it largely runs on it. It has therefore to be replaced by an alternative system which ensures our progress.
Our national aim must be to transform and uplift India from the ranks of the underdeveloped countries to the ranks of the developed, highly industrialized countries, otherwise we will remain condemned to massive poverty, massive unemployment, appalling child malnourishment, almost total lack of proper healthcare and good education for our masses etc.
But to do that requires a mighty upheaval, a united historical people's struggle over several years (maybe several decades) led by genuinely patriotic, selfless, modern minded leaders like Mustafa Kemal of Turkey, and tremendous sacrifices by the people.
Comment by: Puneet
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3 Zodiac Signs Who Obsess Over An Ex During The Moon Sextile Venus Starting April 19, 2022
By Ruby Miranda — Written on Apr 18, 2022
Photo: Alexandru Zdrobău on Unsplash
When the Moon harmonizes with Venus a funny thing can happen, and if you're a Leo, Virgo, or Sagittarius, you might be one of the three zodiac signs who obsess over an ex on April 19, 2022.
Why does it not seem strange to obsess over an ex, and why do so many of us do this? Oh sure, we can judge others for doing just so, but the truth of the matter is that if you're human, you are sensitive when it comes to love, romance, and the end of both.
Very few of us just roll with it when we break up with someone.
And it's rare indeed for someone to move on quickly after the end of a relationship, especially if that relationship meant the world to us. So, obsession with the person we once loved and have nothing to do with now?
Yep. It happens and it happens hard when we have the Moon sextile Venus to exacerbate our emotional state.
RELATED: This Week's Luckiest Day For Your Zodiac Sign, April 18 - 24, 2022
Being told to 'get over it' is plain insensitive; easy for someone to say when they themselves are not the ones involved, but for the person who cannot stop thinking of the person they were once in a relationship with and are no longer, it's rough.
It's not easy to just 'get over it' and everybody should be their own judge in situations like this. We are the ones who can tell whether or not it's time to stop obsessing; and even though obsession is one of those things that is frowned upon, it's human to the core. We are obsessive creatures.
Some people keep the memory of their past loves in their mind for a lifetime, so thinking about an ex is really just par for the course. One thing is known, however; the only way to stop obsessing over an ex is by replacing that ex with a person or experience that fulfills the now moment.
RELATED: Each Zodiac Sign's Monthly Love Horoscope For April 2022
That's right. If you are obsessing over an ex, it's because there's nothing new in your life to fill that space. During the Moon sextile Venus, you might want to think about letting a new experience in. Because even though we are an obsessive mob, obsession grows stale and dull after a while.
3 Zodiac Signs Who Obsess Over An Ex During Moon sextile Venus on April 19, 2022
(July 23 - August 22)
You don't realize that you are obsessing over an ex, because obsessing is one of the things you do, all the time, over just about everything that catches your interest.
It's very Leo to obsess, and what you're not conscious of is that your obsession tends to isolate you; not everyone in the world has the patience to deal with your nonstop interest in someone or something that isn't them.
While friends and lovers may patronize you and tell you that you're cool for being so devoted to someone from the past, they still find you to be stunted, and in a way, you are.
With the Moon sextile Venus in our sky on April 19, this obsession may start to look foolish to you, and that's when the new beginning starts.
You hadn't even considered what life might be like if you just let this ex of yours go, but now that you're getting a taste of it, well, well, well — it seems as though NON-obsession looks good on you, after all.
RELATED: 6 Zodiac Signs Who Are The Best Kissers In Astrology
No one will ever be as good as your fantasy of this past lover of yours was, and so, you will rewrite history and make them into the number one love; much to the chagrin of your new lover.
You are an expert in rubbing your partner's nose in this idea that they'll never be like 'so and so' and you've conveniently forgotten how awful 'so and so' really was.
But oh, you like the fantasy; you've built this entire world in your mind where this ex of yours was the be-all and end-all of sexy attractiveness, and how no one will ever hold a candle to them, in your opinion.
This becomes obnoxious and annoying to your present partner, who, at one point, really thought you'd get over them. The thing is, you use this ex to hurt your present love, to keep them on their toes, and that's just plain cruel. You are not obsessed with your ex as much as you are obsessed with making others feel bad for not being as ideal as your ex.
RELATED: The Most Narcissistic Zodiac Signs In Astrology, Ranked From Most To Least
The Biggest Pros & Cons Of Dating Each Zodiac Sign
The 3 Zodiac Signs With Rough Horoscopes On January 31, 2023
3. Sagittarius
(November 22 - December 21)
The Moon sextile Venus reaches deep into your soul and bears a truth you didn't want to have to admit: You are obsessed with your ex and there's nothing you can do about it.
You've tried to downplay their importance in your life, and even though this person seems to have moved on quite easily from life with you, you are still holding the torch for them.
You have no reason to ever believe they will come back to you, nor do you even want them to; you saw the reality of your relationship with them and it was dull and lackluster; however, there were so many good times involved that you don't really trust that anyone else will ever fill their shoes.
You built a life with this ex, or at least, you think you did. Meanwhile, they have started an entirely new life without you and they seem very happy because of it. And so, your obsession vacillates between loving their memory and resenting the heck out of them for moving on so easily.
RELATED: Horoscope For The Week Of April 18 - 24, 2022
Ruby Miranda has been interpreting I Ching, Tarot, Runes, and Astrology since childhood. She gives private readings and has been working as an intuitive reader for over 20 years. Follow her on Twitter.


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KNPSE: Little Returns to Greenville-Pickens With High Hopes Following Strong Short Track Run Out West
RaceChaser Staff September 5, 2014 NASCAR, Southeast 0 Comments
SHERRILLS FORD, N.C. — official release — Team Little Racing photo — Jesse Little rolls into Greenville-Pickens Speedway this weekend for the final short track race of the season on the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East fresh off a top-3 finish last Saturday in Bakersfield, Calif.
Mac's Speed Shop Restaurant, located at 930 S Main St. in Greenville, will again adorn Little's No. 97 Chevrolet this weekend at Greenville-Pickens.
"Mac's Speed Shop is thrilled to be partnering with Jesse, especially considering the outstanding year he has had. At Mac's we love things that go fast and Jesse has taken that to a whole new level," said Mac's Speed Shop Restaurant partner, Hall Johnston.
"We think you can't have too much fun and Jesse has helped us extend that philosophy to the race track. We can not wait to see him in Greenville this weekend," he added.
Little is excited about his return to the Palmetto State with Mac's Speed Shop Restaurant onboard, he noted.
"We've been looking forward to going back to Greenville, South Carolina with Mac's Speed Shop Restaurant onboard the car since our first race together last spring. We're having a good season so it should be a great show for race fans, customer's of Mac's, the team and everyone involved with our series."
Still within striking distance of the upper echelon of the championship standings, Little aims to use a strong run on Saturday night to continue his stellar sophomore campaign.
"Greenville-Pickens has always been a good track for our team and we're coming off a strong run last week (at Kern County Raceway on the NASCAR K&N Pro Series West) with our short track package. There are some differences in how we'll approach this race from last Saturday but our car has shown it's a front runner whenever we're running on the bullrings of the series," said the fourth-place driver in the championship hunt.
Little has posted strong results in his past events at Greenville including 2 top-5 finishes in his last three starts on the South Carolina half-mile. In the spring event, Little notched a third-best lap in time trials then backed that up with a fourth-place run in the 150-lap main event.
"It takes patience to be successful at Greenville-Pickens," he said. "You have to work each lap to keep the tires underneath the car so there's something to rely on when making a late race charge to the checkered flag. Since we've been coming to this track (starting in 2012) this team has been able to give me a car that is easy on tire with plenty of handling in the corners. I've gotten a third-place finish here in my career and we're aiming to improve on that this weekend."
With only two races left in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East season, time is of the essence for Little to make a charge up the championship standings.
"This Team Little Racing crew and I can only control what we're doing and let it all shake out around us. (Crew chief) Kris (Bowen) and the guys have been behind me all year, we don't give up and this weekend will be business as usual for us. We have a good chance to improve our points position over these next two races with solid finishes but as a driver I'm focused on this weekend's race," Little expressed.
"We're up against some good teams but with the momentum we've been on we believe we can make things happen (in the championship chase) the next few weeks."
Qualifying for the Greenville 140 is scheduled for Saturday, September 6 at 6 p.m. with the green flag set for 8.
Greenville 140Greenville-Pickens SpeedwayJesse LittleNASCARNASCAR K&N Pro Series EastRace advanceTeam Little Racing


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Anime Images For Tag sudden loli companion appearance
A Certain Magical Index (Toaru Majutsu no Index)
Kamijou Touma is a student living in Academy City, a highly advanced place in terms of technology. Despite being gauged as a level zero esper (no powers), he possesses on his right hand the Imagine Breaker, an ability that negates any power whatsoever. Touma finds a young girl named Index who is trying to run away from Necessarius, a powerful magic organization that she is member of. Blessed with the skill of memorizing any sort of information, she holds 103,000 forbidden magical books within her head. As science and magic cross paths, Touma must face several dangers amid espers and magicians who appear at the exciting scientific town.
GOSICK takes place in 1924 in a small, made-up European country of Sauville. The story centers on Kazuya Kujo, the third son of a Japanese Imperial soldier, who is a transfer student to St. Marguerite Academy, where urban legends and horror stories are all the rage. There he meets Victorique, a mysterious yet beautiful and brilliant girl who never comes to class and spends her days reading the entire content of the library or solving mysteries that even detectives can't solve.
Minato Sahashi is extremely intelligent, yet due to his inability to cope under pressure has failed the college entrance exam twice. As a result he has been branded an idiot and loser by many. One day after talking to his yet again disappointed mother he comes into contact with a girl named Musubi who was under attack. The girl runs but takes him with her and soon finds that Minato, while unknown to him, is an Ashikabi, one of the mysterious set of masters that have the genetic trait that can become partners with some of the 108 cute girls, buxom women, and bishōnen called "Sekirei". The reason for the partnership allows the Sekirei to use all their power to win in the competition held by the mysterious MBI corporation.
The Ambition of Oda Nobuna (Oda Nobuna no Yabou)
Ordinary high schooler Yoshiharu gets pulled into a time slip to the warring states period. There he meets Nobuna Oda - not Nobunaga, Nobuna. In this world, all the famous warlords of the era are female. Nobuna recruits Sagara, who she dubs "Monkey," to help her in her quest to rule the world.
In the "Great Disaster," Japan has been thrown into chaos by onmyouji (a kind of magician). Harutora Tsuchimikado was born into an onmyouji family, but has no power whatsoever. His childhood friend Natsume (another member of the Tsuchimikado family) appears to him one day to take him up the promise he made long ago to become her shikigami (familiar). A battle between onmyouji is about to begin.
World Conquest Zvezda Plot (Sekai Seifuku: Bōryaku no Zvezda)
Junior High student Jimon Asuta is in a fix. He had a big fight with his dad and was kicked out of the house. With no money and no place to live he shares the last of the food with an unusual little girl he encounters. It turns out she is Venera the Great, the leader of the secret organization Zvezda and committed to conquering the world. At first he thinks it is just a little girl's fantasy, but strange events with weird technology soon prove that Zvezda is, in fact, for real.


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Are you financial prepared for dips in the market? A new study from COUNTRY Financial Security Index® reveals that about half of Americans (52%) feel financially prepared, yet surprisingly only 28 percent have a financial plan in place. With us here today to talk tips for financial literacy is Doyle Williams, EVP of COUNTRY Financial.


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Marcos Rodríguez
McConnell Valdés LLC
Mr. Marcos Rodríguez-Ema concentrates his practice in government affairs, corporate law, and securities matters. Mr. Rodríguez-Ema also works on infrastructure and privatization projects. During the last two decades, he worked on all major privatization endeavors conducted by the government of Puerto Rico, including the sale of Puerto Rico Telephone Company.
He is the former Chief of Staff under Governor Luis Fortuño's administration. In that capacity Mr. Rodríguez-Ema helped draft and execute comprehensive legislation to deal with Puerto Rico's economic crisis, coordinated the state budget, and actively ushered and lobbied all budgetary and economic crisis legislation through the Legislative Assembly.
During his tenure the number of government agencies was reduced and he implemented major cuts in contracts and services to reduce a $3 billion deficit while avoiding a bond-rating downgrade.
He also served as the Governor's main spokesperson on all relevant issues as well as liaison with the House Speaker and Senate President and was in charge of the day-to-day supervision of all government agencies.
From 2011 to 2012, he served as Chairman of the Board of the Government Development Bank for Puerto Rico. From 1993 to 1998, during Governor Pedro Rosselló's administration, he served as President of the GDB, where he managed a 400-employee institution as well as its subsidiaries, and participated in several high-profile government boards.
During his tenure at the GDB, he was also Chairman of the government's Privatization Committee which oversaw the disposition and sale of several major government-owned assets, such as the Puerto Rico Maritime Shipping Authority.
After leaving the GDB, Marcos joined Empresas Fonalledas as Director of New Business Development. In that capacity, he undertook the planning and execution of several major strategic projects for the company, including shopping centers, office buildings, and condominiums.
Before joining McConnell Valdés, he worked as Senior Counsel at a major law firm in Washington, D.C. Prior to that he had established a strategic business consulting firm called PREDCO LLC, which provided clients valuable insight and financial, business and legal advice into the ever changing and challenging business cycles in Puerto Rico.
He began his legal career in the corporate and banking division of a major law firm in San Juan, focusing on complex financial and real estate transactions for banking clients, including Royal Bank of Canada and Bank of Nova Scotia (now Scotiabank). He then worked in Drexel Burnham Lambert-Puerto Rico as Senior Vice President of their Corporate and Municipal Finance division, responsible for structuring and executing a variety of public and private transactions. He went on to manage the investment banking unit of Chase Securities Puerto Rico.
Mr. Rodríguez-Ema is a member of the Executive Committee of the Puerto Rico chapter of the Republican Party and is a Special Advisor to its Chairwoman, Hon. Jenniffer González-Colón, Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico.
He has devoted significant time and his professional expertise to several not-for-profit organizations, including the Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico, United Way of Puerto Rico, Patronato del Palacio de Santa Catalina and Casa Grande Interactive.
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
B.S.F.S., Georgetown University, School of Foreign Service, 1979
What types of cases Attorney Marcos Rodríguez & McConnell Valdés LLC can handle?
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Where is McConnell Valdés LLC located?
McConnell Valdés LLC is located at 270 Av. Luis Muñoz Rivera, San Juan, 00918, Puerto Rico. You can reach out to McConnell Valdés LLC using their phone line 787-250-5616. You can also check their website mcvpr.com or email them at [email protected].
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Marcos Rodríguez lawyer charges are specific to each case. However, they work with contingency fees and its ranges from $$ to $$$. They also provide free consultation [and no obligation quotes] if you are interested to hire.
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Avenida Luis Muñoz Rivera 270
San Juan 00918 San Juan PR
Government Lawyer
Alison Martinez
Mark Phillis


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Schools in Virginia
Business Administration Schools in Virginia
Business Administration Schools in Blacksburg, VA
Blacksburg has a total population of 39,573 and a student population of 31,581. Of these students, 30,870 are enrolled in schools that offer business administration programs.
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is the largest business administration school in Blacksburg, based on student population. In 2010, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University graduated approximately 404 students with credentials in business administration.
In 2010, 404 students graduated with a business administration degree in Blacksburg. If you decide to join their ranks, you can expect to pay an average of $19,565 per year in tuition if you are eligible for instate tuition. Out of state tuition for all Blacksburg business administration schools was an average of $32,838 per year in 2009.
In addition to tuition costs, you should plan on spending an average of $1,080 for books and supplies each year, while enrolled in a business administration program in Blacksburg. And if you live on campus at one of the Blacksburg-based business administration schools, you will have an added expense of $6,024 per year, on average, for room and board. Students who live at home can cut this cost down to approximately $12,985.
Business Administration Salaries and Career Outlook in Blacksburg
If you decide to work as a general manager in Blacksburg, your job prospects are not very good. There were 49,270 general managers working in Virginia and 550 working in the greater Blacksburg area in 2010. The number of general managers in Blacksburg is expected to increase by 5% by the year 2018. This anticipated change is faster than the projected nationwide trend for general managers.
Business Administration Degree in Blacksburg
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Public Administration Schools in Blacksburg
Business Administration Schools in Blacksburg, Virginia
1 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0131


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Why laughing at your mistakes is the perfect way to move past them
Oct 20, 2017 6:15 PM EST
PBS NewsHour PBS NewsHour
https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/why-laughing-at-your-mistakes-is-the-perfect-way-to-move-past-them
In a world where everyone feels pressured to be perfect, former White House speechwriter David Litt found that sometimes the best way to get ahead is simply to laugh at your mistakes and admit you're only human. Liff offers his humble opinion on the secret power of self-deprecation.
In our social media-focused world, sometimes, it can seem like everybody is bragging about their accomplishments, but what if we didn't show the best and the greatest, but rather shared or talked about our mistakes?
Tonight, former White House speechwriter David Litt offers his Humble Opinion on the secret power of self-deprecation.
David Litt:
It's 2011. I'm 25 years old, a junior White House speechwriter, and just seconds ago, I have been introduced to President Obama for the very first time.
I have imagined this moment for years. This is my chance to make an impression. The president looks at me and says, "How's it going?"
And exactly one thought runs through my head: "I didn't realize we were going to have to answer questions."
And I have literally no idea what I said after that. I actually blacked out.
I guess it can't have been too bad, because, for the next few years, I did keep writing speeches and jokes for President Obama.
And one thing he understood when it came to comedy is that the number one rule of political humor is, be self-deprecating. Don't be afraid to make fun of yourself.
But how many of us follow that rule in our own lives? We're always told, put your best foot forward. Fake it until you make it. Don't let them see you sweat.
And, sometimes, that really is good advice. There's no reason to wallow in every failure. If somebody asks you in a job interview, what's your biggest weakness, do not them tell the truth.
But what I have learned is that you don't have to be president to benefit from a little bit of self-deprecation. Sometimes, the best way to get ahead is to put your worst foot forward.
In a world where everyone feels pressure to be perfect, there's real value in admitting that you're only human. When you can laugh at your own mistakes and get other people to laugh at them too, that helps give you the confidence to move past them.
Self-deprecation is a way to admit your faults without letting them define you. It's also a way to stay balanced. You need to leave room for humility. We all need to acknowledge that we're going to try our hardest, and, even so, we will sometimes come up short.
Only humor lets you have both doubt and self-confidence simultaneously. And laughing at yourself takes the pressure off everyone around you, because, when we're kids, we think the world is run by these perfect grownups. But then we get older, and we learn the truth: There are no grownups. There's just us.
And we're not perfect. We stumble, and we come up short, and we black out in front of presidents.
OK, maybe that last one was just me.
But the point is, once we accept our own imperfections, it doesn't have to be disappointing. It's liberating, because it means we don't have to wait for perfect people to come save us.
Instead, we can do what everyone who came before us did. We can each be only human, and yet, somehow together, we can do big things.
PBS NewsHour from Oct 20, 2017
News Wrap: Rep. Wilson rejects John Kelly's claims over condolence call
How passing a budget makes GOP tax reform possible
Raqqa has fallen, but ISIS isn't going away
By PBS NewsHour, Nick Schifrin
self-deprecation


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Results of our recent 150-respondent survey of subscriber decisions and preferences suggest that incumbent telcos continue to have an edge in subscriber retention, amid the proliferation of new MVNOs and a new MNO. Some 81% of our respondents had stuck to their providers for more than 24 months (Fig 1). This supports our NEUTRAL view on the sector as churn and potential 100% loss-of-revenue risks from such appear limited. The sector, however, lacks immediate catalysts. NetLink NBN Trust remains our top pick, given its virtual monopoly of residential fibre connections.
SG Hospitality: Jostling into the New Year!
Since CDL Hospitality Trusts (CDLHT), Ascott Residence Trust (ART), and OUE Hospitality Trust (OUEHT) posted their FY18 results on 29 Jan till 4 Feb's close, the REITs have posted total returns of +5.7%, +2.6%, and +6.5% respectively. Far East Hospitality Trust (FEHT) which has yet to report its earnings, has also posted total returns of +4.0% over the same period. This compares to total returns of -0.3% from the Straits Times Index, and +0.0% from the FTSE Straits Times REIT Index. We highlight three catalysts for the strength of the rally: 1) favorable operational outlooks by the three REITs on RevPAR growth (especially local), 2) expectations of a pause in the Fed rate hike, 3) recent hospitality transactions conducted at rich valuations vs. valuations of comparable assets on balance sheets. But is there still room to participate after the rally? We believe there is. Out of the stocks under our coverage, we continue to have a clear preference for OUE Hospitality Trust [BUY; FV: S$0.82]. Beyond a positive operational outlook, the REIT currently trades at a 7.1% FY19F dividend yield, which is 70 bps and 150 bps over FEHT's and CDLHT's respectively. We also have BUYs on Far East Hospitality Trust (FEHT) [BUY; FV: S$0.675], and Ascott Residence Trust (ART) [BUY; FV: S$1.25]. Maintain OVERWEIGHT on Singapore Hospitality.
We forecast net profit of S$1,289m for 4Q18, down 8.8% qoq but up 8.0% yoy. We expect double-digit growth in net interest income of 10.1% yoy, which offsets the decline in contributions from wealth management fees (-3.1% yoy) and net trading income (-47.4% yoy). DBS provides an attractive dividend yield of 5.0% based on a DPS of S$1.20 for 2019. Maintain BUY with an unchanged target price at S$28.50.


This is gorgeous, I love that organic pattern on the pillows. I am seeing it everywhere I can't afford!
Impressive interiors for the bedroom. The concept design is simple yet elegant. Perfect for women.
The patterned design offset any drab vibe of a gray color scheme. I absolutely love it. The calm and sleepy feeling that I get from the photos is great for a bedroom. It just makes me want to burrow a bit more deeper in my bed.


4 : to drive down so as to penetrate : thrust dug her toes into the sand The hawk dug its claws into its prey.
Some animal has been digging in the garden. They dug into the sand with their hands. He dug down about 10 feet before he hit water. Dig a hole three feet deep. The first step in building a house is to dig the foundation. The prisoners escaped by digging a tunnel under the fence. digging clams on the beach These detectives won't stop digging until they find out what happened.
She gave me a dig in the ribs to get my attention. She participated in a dig last summer.
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'dig.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
: to form (a hole, tunnel, etc.) by removing soil, sand, snow, etc.
: to uncover (something that is underground) by moving earth, soil, sand, etc.
1 : to turn up, loosen, or remove the soil The dog was digging in the garden again.
2 : to turn up or remove with a shovel or by similar means I dug into the snow.
4 : to uncover or search by or as if by turning up earth They dug for gold.
5 : prod entry 1 sense 1, poke He dug me in the ribs.
: to begin eating Supper's ready, so dig in.
1 : to begin eating He dug into a plate of pasta.
2 : to try to discover information Reporters were digging into the story.
2 : discover I dug up information about her past.
3 : a project to uncover buried objects The bones were found during a recent dig.
4 : a nasty remark She got in a dig about forgetting her birthday.


COLUMBUS — Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine has signed into law a bill fixing what gun rights advocates said was a mistake that could have inadvertently banned several types of legal guns.
At issue was legislation approved by lawmakers last year that allows off-duty police officers to carry firearms and limits local governments' ability to pass gun laws, among other changes.
Gun advocates said a misplaced paragraph in the bill unintentionally lumped a variety of long guns into a prohibited category. They asked lawmakers to fix the problem before the original law took effect in late March.
The Republican governor signed the bill Monday after lawmakers approved the legislation earlier this month. It takes effect immediately.


Product prices and availability are accurate as of 2019-04-23 18:13:05 UTC and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on http://www.amazon.com/ at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.
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