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Search results for: water resources management
15079 Optimizing Inanda Dam Using Water Resources Models
Authors: O. I. Nkwonta, B. Dzwairo, J. Adeyemo, A. Jaiyola, N. Sawyerr, F. Otieno
The effective management of water resources is of great importance to ensure the supply of water resources to support changing water requirements over a selected planning horizon and in a sustainable and cost-effective way. Essentially, the purpose of the water resources planning process is to balance the available water resources in a system with the water requirements and losses to which the system is subjected. In such situations, Water resources yield and planning model can be used to solve those difficulties. It has an advantage over other models by managing model runs, developing a representative system network, modelling incremental sub-catchments, creating a variety of standard system features, special modelling features, and run result output options.
Keywords: complex, water resources, planning, cost effective and management
15078 Optimising the Reservoir Operation Using Water Resources Yield and Planning Model at Inanda Dam, uMngeni Basin
Authors: O. Nkwonta, B. Dzwairo, F. Otieno, J. Adeyemo
Keywords: complex, water resources, planning, cost effective, management
15077 Iraq Water Resources Planning: Perspectives and Prognoses
Authors: Nadhir Al-Ansari, Ammar A. Ali, Sven Knutsson
Iraq is located in the Middle East. It covers an area of 433,970 square kilometres populated by about 32 million inhabitants. Iraq greatly relies in its water resources on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Recently, Iraq is suffering from water shortage problems. This is due to external and internal factors. The former includes global warming and water resources policies of neighbouring countries while the latter includes mismanagement of its water resources. The supply and demand are predicted to be 43 and 66.8 Billion Cubic Meters (BCM) respectively in 2015, while in 2025 it will be 17.61 and 77 BCM respectively. In addition, future prediction suggests that Tigris and Euphrates Rivers will be completely dry in 2040. To overcome this problem, prudent water management policies are to be adopted. This includes Strategic Water Management Vision, development of irrigation techniques, reduction of water losses, use of non-conventional water resources and research and development planning.
Keywords: Iraq, Tigris River, Euphrates River, water scarcity, water resources management
15076 Application of WebGIS-Based Water Environment Capacity Inquiry and Planning System in Water Resources Management
Authors: Tao Ding, Danjia Yan, Jinye Li, Chao Ren, Xinhua Hu
The paper based on the research background of the current situation of water shortage in China and intelligent management of water resources in the information era. And the paper adopts WebGIS technology, combining the mathematical model of water resources management to develop a WebGIS-based water environment capacity inquiry and polluted water emission planning. The research significance of the paper is that it can inquiry the water environment capacity of Jinhua City in real time and plan how to drain polluted water into the river, so as to realize the effective management of water resources. This system makes sewage planning more convenient and faster. For the planning of the discharge enterprise, the decision on the optimal location of the sewage outlet can be achieved through calculation of the Sewage discharge planning model in the river, without the need for site visits. The system can achieve effective management of water resources and has great application value.
Keywords: sewerage planning, water environment capacity, water resources management, WebGIS
15075 Sustainable Water Resource Management and Challenges in Indian Agriculture
Authors: Rajendra Kumar Isaac, Monisha Isaac
India, having a vast cultivable area and regional climatic variability, encounters water Resource Management Problems at various levels. The agricultural production of India needs to be increased to meet out projected population growth. Sustainable water resource is the only option to ensure food security, especially in northern Indian states, where the ground and surface water resources are fast depleting. Various tools and technologies available for management of scarce water resources have been discussed. It was concluded that multiple use of water, adopting latest water management options, identification of climate adoptable cropping and farming systems, can enhance water productivity and would encounter the fast growing water management and water shortage problems in Indian agriculture.
Keywords: water resource management, sustainable, water management technologies, water productivity, agriculture
15074 Legal Basis for Water Resources Management in Brazil: Case Study of the Rio Grande Basin
Authors: Janaína F. Guidolini, Jean P. H. B. Ometto, Angélica Giarolla, Peter M. Toledo, Carlos A. Valera
The water crisis, a major problem of the 21st century, occurs mainly due to poor management. The central issue that should govern the management is the integration of the various aspects that interfere with the use of water resources and their protection, supported by legal basis. A watershed is a unit of water interacting with the physical, biotic, social, economic and cultural variables. The Brazilian law recognized river basin as the territorial management unit. Based on the diagnosis of the current situation of the water resources of the Rio Grande Basin, a discussion informed in the Brazilian legal basis was made to propose measures to fight or mitigate damages and environmental degradation in the Basin. To manage water resources more efficiently, conserve water and optimize their multiple uses, the integration of acquired scientific knowledge and management is essential. Moreover, it is necessary to monitor compliance with environmental legislation.
Keywords: conservation of soil and water, environmental laws, river basin, sustainability
15073 Geographical Information System for Sustainable Management of Water Resources
Authors: Vakhtang Geladze, Nana Bolashvili, Nino Machavariani, Tamazi Karalashvili, Nino Chikhradze, Davit Kartvelishvili
Fresh water deficit is one of the most important global problems today. In the countries with scarce water resources, they often become a reason of armed conflicts. The peaceful settlement of relations connected with management and water consumption issues within and beyond the frontiers of the country is an important guarantee of the region stability. The said problem is urgent in Georgia as well because of its water objects are located at the borders and the transit run-off that is 12% of the total one. Fresh water resources are the major natural resources of Georgia. Despite of this, water supply of population at its Eastern part is an acute issue. Southeastern part of the country has been selected to carry out the research. This region is notable for deficiency of water resources in the country. The region tends to desertification which aggravates fresh water problem even more and presumably may lead to migration of local population from the area. The purpose of study was creation geographical information system (GIS) of water resources. GIS contains almost all layers of different content (water resources, springs, channels, hydrological stations, population water supply, etc.). The results of work provide an opportunity to identify the resource potential of the mentioned region, control and manage it, carry out monitoring and plan regional economy.
Keywords: desertification, GIS, irrigation, water resources
15072 Calculation of Water Economy Balance for Water Management
Authors: Vakhtang Geladze, Nana Bolashvili, Tamazi Karalashvili, Nino Machavariani, Ana Karalashvili, George Geladze, Nana Kvirkvelia
Fresh water deficit is one of the most important global problems today. It must be taken into consideration that in the nearest future fresh water crisis will become even more acute owing to the global climate warming and fast desertification processes in the world. Georgia is rich in water resources, but there are disbalance between the eastern and western parts of the country. The goal of the study is to integrate the recent mechanisms compatible with European standards into Georgian water resources management system on the basis of GIS. Moreover, to draw up water economy balance for the purpose of proper determination of water consumption priorities that will be an exchange ratio of water resources and water consumption of the concrete territory. For study region was choose south-eastern part of country, Kvemo kartli Region. This is typical agrarian region, tends to the desertification. The water supply of the region was assessed on the basis of water economy balance, which was first time calculated for this region.
Keywords: desertification, GIS, sustainable management, water management
15071 Water Resources Crisis in Saudi Arabia, Challenges and Possible Management Options: An Analytic Review
Authors: A. A. Ghanim
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is heading towards a severe and rapidly expanding water crisis, which can have negative impacts on the country's environment and economy. Of the total water consumption in KSA, the agricultural sector accounts for nearly 87% of the total water use and, therefore, any attempt that overlooks this sector will not help in improving the sustainability of the country's water resources. KSA Vision 2030 gives priority of water use in the agriculture sector for the regions that have natural renewable water resources. It means that there is little concern for making reuse of municipal wastewater for irrigation purposes in any region in general and in water-scarce regions in particular. The use of treated wastewater is very limited in Saudi Arabia, but it has very considerable potential for future expansion due its numerous beneficial uses. This study reviews the current situation of water resources in Saudi Arabia, providing more highlights on agriculture and wastewater reuse. The reviewed study is proposing some corrective measures for development and better management of water resources in the Kingdom. Suggestions also include consideration of treated water as an alternative source for irrigation in some regions of the country. The study concluded that a sustainable solution for the water crisis in KSA requires implementation of multiple measures in an integrated manner. The integrated solution plan should focus on two main directions: first, improving the current management practices of the existing water resources; second, developing new water supplies from both conventional and non-conventional sources.
Keywords: Saudia Arabia, water resources, water crises, wastewater reuse
15070 Assessment of Water Resources and Inculcation of Controlled Water Consumption System
Authors: Vakhtang Geladze, Nana Bolashvili, Tamazi Karalashvili, Nino Machavariani, Vajha Neidze, Nana Kvirkvelia, Tamar Chichinadze
Deficiency of fresh water is a vital global problem today. It must be taken into consideration that in the nearest future fresh water crisis will become even more acute owing to the global climate warming and fast desertification processes in the world. Georgia has signed the association agreement with Euro Union last year where the priority spheres of cooperation are the management of water resources, development of trans-boundary approach to the problem and active participation in the "Euro Union water initiative" component of "the East Europe, Caucasus and the Central Asia". Fresh water resources are the main natural wealth of Georgia. According to the average water layer height, Georgia is behind such European countries only as Norway, Switzerland and Austria. The annual average water provision of Georgia is 4-8 times higher than in its neighbor countries Armenia and Azerbaijan. Despite abundant water resources in Georgia, there is considerable discrepancy between their volume and use in some regions because of the uneven territorial distribution. In the East Georgia, water supply of the territory and population is four times less than in the West Georgia.
Keywords: GIS, water consumption, water management, water resources
15069 Importance of Determining the Water Needs of Crops in the Management of Water Resources in the Province of Djelfa
Authors: Imessaoudene Y., Mouhouche B., Sengouga A., Kadir M.
The objective of this work is to determine the virtual water of main crops grown in the province of Djelfa and water use efficiency (W.U.E.), Which is essential to approach the application and better integration with the offer in the region. In the case of agricultural production, virtual water is the volume of water evapo-transpired by crops. It depends on particular on the expertise of its producers and its global production area, warm and dry climates induce higher consumption. At the scale of the province, the determination of the quantities of virtual water is done by calculating the unit water requirements related to water irrigated hectare and total rainfall over the crop using the Cropwat 8.0 F.A.O. software. Quantifying the volume of agricultural virtual water of crops practiced in the study area demonstrates the quantitative importance of these volumes of water in terms of available water resources in the province, so the advantages which can be the concept of virtual water as an analysis tool and decision support for the management and distribution of water in scarcity situation.
Keywords: virtual water, water use efficiency, water requirements, Djelfa
15068 The Role of Bridging Stakeholder in Water Management: Examining Social Networks in Working Groups and Co-Management
Authors: Fariba Ebrahimi, Mehdi Ghorbani
Comprehensive water management considers economic, environmental, technical and social sustainability of water resources for future generations. Integrated water management implies cooperative approach and involves all stakeholders and also introduces issues to managers and decision makers. Solving these issues needs integrated and system approach according to the recognition of actors or key persons in necessary to apply cooperative management of water resources. Therefore, social network analysis can be used to demonstrate the most effective actors for environmental base decisions. The linkage of diverse sets of actors and knowledge systems across management levels and institutional boundaries often poses one of the greatest challenges in adaptive water management. Bridging stakeholder can facilitate interactions among actors in management settings by lowering the transaction costs of collaboration. This research examines how network connections between group members affect in co- management. Cohesive network structures allow groups to more effectively achieve their goals and objectives Strong; centralized leadership is a better predictor of working group success in achieving goals and objectives. Finally, geometric position of each actor was illustrated in the network. The results of the research based on between centrality index have a key and bridging actor in recognition of cooperative management of water resources in Darbandsar village and also will help managers and planners of water in the case of recognition to organization and implementation of sustainable management of water resources and water security.
Keywords: co-management, water management, social network, bridging stakeholder, darbandsar village
15067 Some Aspects of Water Resources Management in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions, Case Study of Western Iran
Authors: Amir Hamzeh Haghiabi
Water resource management is of global significance as it plays a key role in the socioeconomic development of all nations. On account of the fact that Iran is situated in a highly pressurized belt in the world, precipitation is limited, so that the average annual precipitation in the country is about 250 mm, only about one third to one quarter of the world average for rainfall. Karkheh basin is located in the semiarid and arid regions of Western Iran, an area with severe water scarcity. 70 % of rainfall is directly evaporated. The potential annual evaporation of the southern and northern regions is 3,600 mm 1,800 mm, respectively. In this paper, Some aspects of water resources management for this region, the specifications of the Karkheh reservoir dam & hydroelectric power plant as the biggest dam in history of Iran with total volume of reservoir 7.3 Bm3 are illustrated. Also the situation of water availability in the basin, surface and groundwater potential are considered.
Keywords: Iran, water availability, water resources, Zagros
15066 Water Crisis Management in a Tourism Dependent Community
Authors: Aishath Shakeela
At a global level, water stewardship, water stress and water security are crucial factors in tourism planning and development considerations. Challenges associated with water is of particular concern to the Maldives as there is limited availability of freshwater, high dependency on desalinated water, and high unit cost associated with desalinating water. While the Maldives is promoted as an example of sustainable tourism, a key sustainability challenge facing tourism dependent communities is the efficient use and management of available water resources. A water crisis event in the capital island of Maldives highlighted how precarious water related issues are in this tourism dependent destination. Applying netnography, the focus of this working paper is to present community perceptions of how government policies addressed Malé Water and Sewerage Company (MWSC) water crisis event.
Keywords: crisis management, government policies, Maldives, tourism, water
15065 Biochemical Evaluation of Air Conditioning West Water in Jeddah City: Concept of Sustainable Water Resources
Authors: D. Alromi, A. Alansari, S. Alghamdi, E. Jambi
As the need for water is increasing globally, and the available water resources are barely meeting the current quality of life and economy. Air conditioning (AC) condensate water could be explored as an alternative water source, which could be considered within the global calculations of the water supply. The objective of this study is to better understand the potential for recovery of condensate water from air conditioning systems. The results generated so far showed that the AC produces a high quantity of water, and data analysis revealed that the amount of water is positively and significantly correlated with the humidity (P <= 0.05). In the meantime, the amount of heavy metals has been measuring using ICP-OES. The results, in terms of quantity, clearly show that the AC can be used as an alternative source of water, especially in the regions characterized by high humidity. The results also showed that the amount of produced water depends on the type of AC.
Keywords: air conditioning systems, water quantity, water resources, wastewater
15064 Strategic Management for Corporate Social Responsibility in Colombian Industries: A Typology of CSR
Authors: Iris Maria Velez Osorio
There has been in the last decade a concern about the environment, particularly about clean and enough water for human consumption but, some enterprises had some trouble to understand the limited resources in the environment. This research tries to understand how some industries are better oriented to the preservation of the environment through investment for strategic management of scarce resources and try in the best way possible, the contaminants. It was made an industry classification since four different group of theories for Corporate Social Responsibility agree with variables of: investment in environmental care, water protection, and residues treatment finding different levels of commitment with CSR.
Keywords: corporate social responsibility, environment, strategic management, water
15063 Validation of SWAT Model for Prediction of Water Yield and Water Balance: Case Study of Upstream Catchment of Jebba Dam in Nigeria
Authors: Adeniyi G. Adeogun, Bolaji F. Sule, Adebayo W. Salami, Michael O. Daramola
Estimation of water yield and water balance in a river catchment is critical to the sustainable management of water resources at watershed level in any country. Therefore, in the present study, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) interfaced with Geographical Information System (GIS) was applied as a tool to predict water balance and water yield of a catchment area in Nigeria. The catchment area, which was 12,992km2, is located upstream Jebba hydropower dam in North central part of Nigeria. In this study, data on the observed flow were collected and compared with simulated flow using SWAT. The correlation between the two data sets was evaluated using statistical measures, such as, Nasch-Sucliffe Efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The model output shows a good agreement between the observed flow and simulated flow as indicated by NSE and R2, which were greater than 0.7 for both calibration and validation period. A total of 42,733 mm of water was predicted by the calibrated model as the water yield potential of the basin for a simulation period 1985 to 2010. This interesting performance obtained with SWAT model suggests that SWAT model could be a promising tool to predict water balance and water yield in sustainable management of water resources. In addition, SWAT could be applied to other water resources in other basins in Nigeria as a decision support tool for sustainable water management in Nigeria.
Keywords: GIS, modeling, sensitivity analysis, SWAT, water yield, watershed level
15062 Fuzzy Neuro Approach for Integrated Water Management System
Authors: Stuti Modi, Aditi Kambli
This paper addresses the need for intelligent water management and distribution system in smart cities to ensure optimal consumption and distribution of water for drinking and sanitation purposes. Water being a limited resource in cities require an effective system for collection, storage and distribution. In this paper, applications of two mostly widely used particular types of data-driven models, namely artificial neural networks (ANN) and fuzzy logic-based models, to modelling in the water resources management field are considered. The objective of this paper is to review the principles of various types and architectures of neural network and fuzzy adaptive systems and their applications to integrated water resources management. Final goal of the review is to expose and formulate progressive direction of their applicability and further research of the AI-related and data-driven techniques application and to demonstrate applicability of the neural networks, fuzzy systems and other machine learning techniques in the practical issues of the regional water management. Apart from this the paper will deal with water storage, using ANN to find optimum reservoir level and predicting peak daily demands.
Keywords: artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, peak daily demand prediction, water management and distribution
15061 Social Network Analysis, Social Power in Water Co-Management (Case Study: Iran, Shemiranat, Jirood Village)
Authors: Fariba Ebrahimi, Mehdi Ghorbani, Ali Salajegheh
Comprehensively water management considers economic, environmental, technical and social and also sustainability of water resources for future generations. Grassland management implies cooperative approach and involves all stakeholders and also introduces issues to managers, decision and policy makers. Solving these issues needs integrated and system approach. According to the recognition of actors or key persons in necessary to apply cooperative management of Water. Therefore, based on stakeholder analysis and social network analysis can be used to demonstrate the most effective actors for environmental decisions. In this research, social powers according are specified to social network approach at Water utilizers' level of Natural in Jirood catchment of Latian basin. In this paper, utilizers of water resources were recognized using field trips and then, trust and collaboration matrix produced using questionnaires. In the next step, degree centrality index were Examined. Finally, geometric position of each actor was illustrated in the network. The results of the research based on centrality index have a key role in recognition of cooperative management of Water in Jirood and also will help managers and planners of water in the case of recognition of social powers in order to organization and implementation of sustainable management of Water.
Keywords: social network analysis, water co-management, social power, centrality index, local stakeholders network, Jirood catchment
15060 An Overview of Water Governance and Management in the Philippines: Some Key Findings
Authors: Sahara Piang Brahim
This paper looks at the current state of water governance in the Philippines. It is mainly descriptive and relies on an analysis of secondary data gathered during the author's fieldwork as well as those found in available scholarly literature, legal and government policy documents, reports and publicly available information on the official websites of government agencies and departments. This paper finds that despite the Philippines having relatively abundant water resources due to its topographical characteristics, it is facing a number of water-related problems, including the availability of water supply in light of growing water demand, increasing population and urbanization as well as climate change. Another key finding is that the sheer number of agencies, which have overlapping legal mandates and functions in relation to water governance and management, make coordination, planning and data collection difficult especially since they are neither vertically nor horizontally integrated. These findings have obvious implications for water policy and governance in the country. This study also finds that 'predict and control' characterizes the government's approach to water resources management and allocation. This paper argues that taking such an approach and the existing institutional context into account is quite relevant not only in terms of making sense of how decision-making and policymaking take place but also when contemplating the kinds of alternative governance arrangements that could address water-related issues and challenges and that might work 'best' in the Philippines.
Keywords: Philippines, water governance, water issues, water policy
15059 Outcome-Based Water Resources Management in the Gash River Basin, Eastern Sudan
Authors: Muna Mohamed Omer Mirghani
This paper responds to one of the key national development strategies and a typical challenge in the Gash Basin as well as in different parts of Sudan, namely managing water scarcity in view of climate change impacts in minor water systems sustaining over 50% of the Sudan population. While now focusing on the Gash river basin, the ultimate aim is to replicate the same approach in similar water systems in central and west Sudan. The key objective of the paper is the identification of outcome-based water governance interventions in Gash Basin, guided by the global Sustainable Development Goal six (SDG 6 on water and sanitation) and the Sudan water resource policy framework. The paper concluded that improved water resources management of the Gash Basin is a prerequisite for ensuring desired policy outcomes of groundwater use and flood risk management purposes. Analysis of various water governance dimensions in the Gash indicated that the operationalization of a Basin-level institutional reform is critically focused on informed actors and adapted practices through knowledge and technologies along with the technical data and capacity needed to make that. Adapting the devolved Institutional structure at state level is recommended to strengthen the Gash basin regulatory function and improve compliance of groundwater users.
Keywords: water governance, Gash Basin, integrated groundwater management, Sudan
15058 The Impact of Water Resources on Economic and Social Development in Kuwait
Authors: Obaid Alotaibi
The geographical location of the State of Kuwait contributed significantly to the suffering of Kuwait in the past, due to the scarcity of natural water resources and the inability of the State's financial resources to provide other water resources to meet the needs of the population. The problem of water scarcity in Kuwait remained until the beginning of the second half of the twentieth century, as the country's economic conditions revived with the emergence and export of oil; which was clearly reflected in the steady growth of the population. To cope with this population, increase, it was necessary to expand the various development programs to include all sectors of the state. The process of development and urbanization could not start without finding solutions to the problem of water shortage in Kuwait. The only option for officials to meet the needs of the population and the different sectors of water development is the desalination of seawater. This process necessitated the establishment of six desalination plants along the coast of Kuwait and extended freshwater arteries to reach everywhere on the land. However, this does not mean that the problem of water shortage has been completely solved. The desalination plants are not meeting the country's future water needs, especially considering the increasing population growth. These stations are nearing completion and they need to be replaced, renovation and maintenance, require significant expenses. Therefore, it was necessary for scientific research to address the issue of water in Kuwait, whether in the field of development of existing resources or in the field of rationalization of consumption and protection of available resources. The study focused on how to address the increasing demand for water resulting from population increase, the impact of water on economic and social development, the prospects of water resources in Kuwait and its ability to meet the needs of the country by 2030.
Keywords: economic, development, Kuwait, social, water resources
15057 Water Education in the Middle East: Case Study of Iran and Turkey
Authors: Seyedeh Zahra Seyed Sharifi, M. R. M. Tabatabaei
Due to increase of population and healthy food demand, management and conservation of water resources have become one of the main concerns of governments, scientists and economists. In recent years, Iran has exposed to water scarcity as a result of which its rivers, lakes and wetlands have dried up or are in the drying process. Therefore, water crisis has become the most important environmental issue in the country. Under these circumstances, increasing public awareness by promoting their culture as well as public collaboration to protect water resources could only be possible by making courses to reflect water importance. This could be approached by school and high-school students to learn optimum use of water resources. This study initially focuses on the current position of water courses in levels of school and high-school educations in Iran and Turkey and then deals with the challenges to be faced for the promotion of the system. The course titles and number of pages related to water in all primary and secondary textbooks of the education system of Iran and Turkey were determined using content analysis method and the results were presented. The results indicate that primary and secondary textbooks in both countries must focus on water shortage and water protection and teach children the optimum use of water in order to promote water protection.
Keywords: educational system, environmental awareness, Iran, Turkey, water crisis
15056 A Review on Applications of Evolutionary Algorithms to Reservoir Operation for Hydropower Production
Authors: Nkechi Neboh, Josiah Adeyemo, Abimbola Enitan, Oludayo Olugbara
Evolutionary algorithms are techniques extensively used in the planning and management of water resources and systems. It is useful in finding optimal solutions to water resources problems considering the complexities involved in the analysis. River basin management is an essential area that involves the management of upstream, river inflow and outflow including downstream aspects of a reservoir. Water as a scarce resource is needed by human and the environment for survival and its management involve a lot of complexities. Management of this scarce resource is necessary for proper distribution to competing users in a river basin. This presents a lot of complexities involving many constraints and conflicting objectives. Evolutionary algorithms are very useful in solving this kind of complex problems with ease. Evolutionary algorithms are easy to use, fast and robust with many other advantages. Many applications of evolutionary algorithms, which are population based search algorithm, are discussed. Different methodologies involved in the modeling and simulation of water management problems in river basins are explained. It was found from this work that different evolutionary algorithms are suitable for different problems. Therefore, appropriate algorithms are suggested for different methodologies and applications based on results of previous studies reviewed. It is concluded that evolutionary algorithms, with wide applications in water resources management, are viable and easy algorithms for most of the applications. The results suggested that evolutionary algorithms, applied in the right application areas, can suggest superior solutions for river basin management especially in reservoir operations, irrigation planning and management, stream flow forecasting and real-time applications. The future directions in this work are suggested. This study will assist decision makers and stakeholders on the best evolutionary algorithm to use in varied optimization issues in water resources management.
Keywords: evolutionary algorithm, multi-objective, reservoir operation, river basin management
15055 Investigating the Behavior of Water Shortage Indices for Performance Evaluation of a Water Resources System
Authors: Frederick N. F. Chou, Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh
The impact of water shortages has been increasingly severe as a consequence of population growth, urbanization, economic development, and climate change. The need for improvements in reliable water supply systems is urgent with the increasing living standards of regions. In this study, a suitable shortage index capable of multi-aspect description - frequency, magnitude, and duration - is adopted to more accurately describe the characteristics of a shortage situation. The values of the index were determined to cope with the increasing need for reliability. There are four reservoirs in series located on the Be River of the Dong Nai River Basin in Southern Vietnam. The primary purpose of the three upstream reservoirs is hydropower generation while the primary purpose of the fourth is water supply. A compromise between hydropower generation and water supply can be negotiated for these four reservoirs to reduce the severity of water shortages. A generalized water allocation model was applied to simulate the water supply, and hydropower generation of various management alternatives and the system's reliability was evaluated using the adopted multiple shortage indices. Modifying management policies of water resources using data-based indexes can improve the reliability of water supply.
Keywords: cascade reservoirs, hydropower, shortage index, water supply
15054 Evaluating the Impact of Future Scenarios on Water Availability and Demand Based on Stakeholders Prioritized Water Management Options in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Adey Nigatu Mersha, Ilyas Masih, Charlotte de Fraiture, Tena Alamirew
Conflicts over water are increasing mainly as a result of water scarcity in response to higher water demand and climatic variability. There is often not enough water to meet all demands for different uses. Thus, decisions have to be made as to how the available resources can be managed and utilized. Correspondingly water allocation goals, practically national water policy goals, need to be revised accordingly as the pressure on water increases from time to time. A case study is conducted in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia, to assess and evaluate prioritized comprehensive water demand management options based on the framework of integrated water resources management in account of stakeholders' knowledge and preferences as well as practical prominence within the Upper Awash Basin. Two categories of alternative management options based on policy analysis and stakeholders' consultation were evaluated against the business-as-usual scenario by using WEAP21 model as an analytical tool. Strong effects on future (unmet) demands are observed with major socio-economic assumptions and forthcoming water development plans. Water management within the basin will get more complex with further abstraction which may lead to an irreversible damage to the ecosystem. It is further confirmed through this particular study that efforts to maintain users' preferences alone cannot insure economically viable and environmentally sound development and vice versa. There is always a tradeoff between these factors. Hence, all of these facets must be analyzed separately, related with each other in equal footing, and ultimately taken up in decision making in order for the whole system to function properly.
Keywords: water demand, water availability, WEAP21, scenarios
15053 Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources of Greater Zab and Lesser Zab Basins, Iraq, Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model
Authors: Nahlah Abbas, Saleh A. Wasimi, Nadhir Al-Ansari
The Greater Zab and Lesser Zab are the major tributaries of Tigris River contributing the largest flow volumes into the river. The impacts of climate change on water resources in these basins have not been well addressed. To gain a better understanding of the effects of climate change on water resources of the study area in near future (2049-2069) as well as in distant future (2080-2099), Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied. The model was first calibrated for the period from 1979 to 2004 to test its suitability in describing the hydrological processes in the basins. The SWAT model showed a good performance in simulating streamflow. The calibrated model was then used to evaluate the impacts of climate change on water resources. Six general circulation models (GCMs) from phase five of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) under three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5 for periods of 2049-2069 and 2080-2099 were used to project the climate change impacts on these basins. The results demonstrated a significant decline in water resources availability in the future.
Keywords: Tigris River, climate change, water resources, SWAT
15052 The Use of Water Resources Yield Model at Kleinfontein Dam
Authors: Lungile Maliba, O. I. Nkwonta, E Onyari
Water resources development and management are regarded as crucial for poverty reduction in many developing countries and sustainable economic growth such as South Africa. The contribution of large hydraulic infrastructure and management of it, particularly reservoirs, to development remains controversial. This controversy stems from the fact that from a historical point of view construction of reservoirs has brought fewer benefits than envisaged and has resulted in significant environmental and social costs. A further complexity in reservoir management is the variety of stakeholders involved, all with different objectives, including domestic and industrial water use, flood control, irrigation and hydropower generation. The objective was to evaluate technical adaptation options for kleinfontein Dam's current operating rule curves. To achieve this objective, the current operating rules curves being used in the sub-basin were analysed. An objective methodology was implemented in other to get the operating rules with regards to the target storage curves. These were derived using the Water Resources Yield/Planning Model (WRY/PM), with the aim of maximising of releases to demand zones. The result showed that the system is over allocated and in addition the demands exceed the long-term yield that is available for the system. It was concluded that the current operating rules in the system do not produce the optimum operation such as target storage curves to avoid supply failures in the system.
Keywords: infrastructure, Kleinfontein dam, operating rule curve, water resources yield and planning model
15051 Crop Price Variation and Water Saving Technologies in Iran
Authors: Saeed Yazdani, Shahrbanoo Bagheri, Sepideh Nikravesh
Considering the importance and scarcity of water resources, the efficient management of water resources is of great importance. Adoption of modern irrigation technology is considered to be a key of increasing the efficiency of water used in agriculture. Policy makers have implemented several ways to induce the adoption of new irrigation technology. The empirical studies show that farmers are reluctant to utilize the use of new irrigation methods. This study aims to assess factors affecting on farmer's decision on the application of water saving technologies with emphasize on crop price variation and water sources. A Logit model was employed to examine the impact of different variables on use of water saving technology. The required data gathered from a sample of 204 farmers in the year 2012. The results indicate that different variables such as crop price variability, water supply source, high-value crops, farm size, income, education, membership in cooperatives have a positive effect and variables such as age and number of plots have a negative impact on the probability of adopting modern water saving technologies.
Keywords: irrigation, water, water saving technology, scarcity
15050 The Influence of Conservation Measures, Limiting Soil Degradation, on the Quality of Surface Water Resources
Authors: V. Sobotková, B. Šarapatka, M. Dumbrovský, J. Uhrová, M. Bednář
The paper deals with the influence of implemented conservation measures on the quality of surface water resources. Recently, a new process of complex land consolidation in the Czech Republic has provided a unique opportunity to improve the quality of the environment and sustainability of crop production by means of better soil and water conservation. The most important degradation factor in our study area in the Hubenov drinking water reservoir catchment basin was water erosion together with loss of organic matter. Hubenov Reservoir water resources were monitored for twenty years (1990–2010) to collect water quality data for nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-), total P, and undissolved substances. Results obtained from measurements taken before and after land consolidation indicated a decrease in the linear trend of N-NO3- and total P concentrations, this was achieved through implementation of conservation measures limiting soil degradation in the Hubenov reservoir catchment area.
Keywords: complex land consolidation, degradation, land use, soil and water conservation, surface water resources


The climate of the 2004 vintage was also special. The Spring Mountain District typically receives cool afternoon winds from the Pacific Ocean. This produces an unusually long growing season and long hang-time for the fruit that is harvested each October. "For the 2004 vintage the bud-break in March was very early. And due to the wet spring in 2003, the cluster count on the vines was lower. Bloom came early in May, and we experienced cool and wet weather, which further reduced the crop," winemaker and general manager Sam Baxter recalls.
Other Terra Valentine Estate Cabernets from the 2004 vintage include the Spring Mountain District Cabernet Sauvignon ($38) and the Wurtele Vineyard Estate Cabernet Sauvignon ($58). The 2004 Spring Mountain Cabernet Sauvignon offers aromas of jam, cedar and clove that lead to flavors of cherry, cocoa and a long silky finish. Cellar for five to seven years. The 2004 Wurtele Vineyard Estate Cabernet Sauvignon displays aromas of blackberry, pepper, and black licorice with flavors of black cherries and a hint of cocoa. Cellar for eight to ten years.
Mountainous vineyards present challenges to Baxter including accessibility, diversity of soils, ripening, and hand labor. But they reward his efforts with lovely wines of intense flavor and color. Terra Valentine wines can be found in locally and can also be special ordered at local retailers.


text:
This has become a common theme for Newcastle United
Early finish from work to get on the road to see how the lads get on, it's a Monday night but exceptions are made for one of two 'local derbies' this season, the other being Huddersfield.
It seems it'll be a while before Newcastle United travel the short 14 miles to that doomed place where bins aren't used and crisp packets and Greggs wrappers swirl in a continuous vortex round the feet of the people they cannily call footballers.
But anyways, back to the game in hand.
Our recent form gave me a confident feeling going into this one, usually a bad omen, but the lads give a lot to be positive about. The games can't come quick enough at the moment, the excitement and buzz going to the match, that has been slowly worn down this last 10 years, is back in abundance.
I believe we can beat anyone these days, and that's down to Rafa and the bunch of lads he has assembled and organised, into a well drilled team fighting for the cause.
Much like the approach to the Southampton game I thought we'd at least get something out of the game against Burnley. Both ourselves and Burnley don't score too many goals and are pretty sound defensively so everything pointed to a low scoring, tight affair, much like how I thought Southampton would pan out which end up 2-2, so what do I know?
To the game itself, Diame's inclusion in the first eleven was a surprise and there was an audible shock around the Cricket Club pre-match at Merino being withdrawn from the match day squad. Hopefully Merino's injury isn't too bad because he was a miss this evening.
The first half neither side really threatened to score, with not much in the way of football being played, just hard work and discipline, but I was reasonably happy to go in level at half time.
Second half was a different story, Burnley changed tactics, went route one and we struggled to cope with it. By that I don't mean we weren't able to defend, Lejeune and Lascelles were arguably our best players on the pitch, it just meant Burnley were able to set themselves defensively, putting the onus on us to break them down which we struggled to do.
It's become a common theme that when we have more of the ball in games we don't tend to win, whereas when we've had little possession we more often and not come away with something.
I was keen to see how Perez fared, he struggled against Palace last time out and things weren't to improve any, as he unfortunately gave the ball away in a crucial part of the pitch which led to their goal. I'd argue that he was potentially fouled and he was played a difficult ball when the better option might have been to clear our lines, easily said after the event I suppose.
From my view in the away end the home support was poor, I at least expected some sort of Sean Dyche love-in as potential suitors are circling and with it being the 5th anniversary of his time in charge, the only time I heard them was after their goal.
I felt we were generally toothless throughout the 90 mins, our passing wasn't great but the same could be said of our opposition, the game was there for the taking and we didn't force the issue and ultimately paid the price for one mistake which is probably the most disappointing thing after the final whistle.
The game was almost a reverse of last weekend's game against Palace, you win some you lose some I guess, which is indicative of a mid-table side.
Rafa is only working with what he's got. Based on what I've seen so far this season, the team is good enough to finish anywhere between 8th and 14th, January might bring investment that takes us to the top end of that.
This game was disappointing yes, but I believe that we're a decent side that can compete in the Premier League, we can chalk this one up as an off day and move onto a winnable home game against Bournemouth on Saturday. Aim for 3 points that will have us looking up the table again.
Howay me bonny lads!!!
You can follow the author on Twitter @lyon1892
[get_involved]
As Darren Bent insists on his say, I can't forget that Fried Chicken shop incident we shared
'With a heavy heart it is now time to drop Karl Darlow and bring back Martin Dubravka'
This is a reality check for Newcastle United

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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I'm currently trying to create a small system where I set up multiple switches for controlling lighting, and having a main breaker in each level that controls if each switch should be able to turn on a light. I tried to do this by having the switch casting to the breaker to check the boolean "IsPowerOn". If it's true, it then allows itself to turn on the lights. It always checks if this is true, and the moment it's false, it permanently toggles the lights off until the power is on again.
But I think I got the whole concept of casting wrong. I simply want the SwitchBP to be able to check if the power is on, which is decided by a boolean in the BreakerBP.
So far I think I've got it right. I started with some keyboard inputs in the SwitchBP to control the power bool, and the light turned off and on when it was suppsoed to. But it's about finding what I'm supposed to connect to the "object" in the Cast node.
the main issue you have here is that you have nothing connected to the object pin. a cast is basically a comparison (is object A similar to object B). the way you have it now is like saying is nothing (or rather a lack of a item) like object B.
try making a variable and in the details panel change its type to oldbreakerbp or actor. then make the variable editable. now select the switch bp in your scene and set the variable to the oldbreaker in your scene. also have the variable plugged into your cast where the object pin is. this should fix your issue.
Wow, that actually worked! I didn't know what to put into the object pin, but this makes kinda sense I guess. I think I need to learn more about object variables, had no idea I could select actors in the scene to a variable like that. Thank you very much!
What object do I need to cast to "PoseableMeshComponent"?
How to cast between two actors?
How to cast to a monster on his AnimBP?


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First there was Chibatman, the Batman impersonator who rides around Japan on a replica of the Batpod from 'The Dark Knight.' Now there's Australian Batman Zac Mihajlovic, who rides around in a customized Batmobile built to replicate the one from Tim Burton's 1989 'Batman' film -- but this isn't just any Batmobile replica or any Batman impersonator. This vehicle is perfectly street-legal, and this Batman uses his persona to spread cheer to sick kids.
ComicBook.com first picked up the story about Mihajlovic, the 29 year-old who lives in Camden, Australia. He built the Batmobile with his grandfather, using actual parts from the Batmobile featured in 1989 Tim Burton film, including a working afterburner. Mihajlovic has received many high-price offers to sell the working replica, including a six-figure offer from a sheikh in Dubai. As mentioned in the video, he's also gotten another rather peculiar offer from a couple who wanted to do something very unsavory in his vehicle. But like a real superhero, he only wants to use the Batmobile for good.
"It gives kids, sadly, their dying wish," says Mihajlovic, who has teamed up with the Make-a-Wish foundation to visit ailing children dressed as the Caped Crusader and give them the ride of their lives in the Batmobile. If only we had more heroes like Mihajlovic.


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In recent years, translation services have become more important because of the globalization and new economic interrelationships. The Peruvian market is not exempt from this reality, and the translation services have increased their demand. For this reason, we decided to make this approach towards the study of the translation market in Lima- Peru, whose focus was placed on professional translators. Staked out as a case study, the following text is generated based on the contrast of information that was collected through a series of interviews and some previous studies in this respect, and aims at understanding the situation of the full time translator today: the advantages and disadvantages of their work and the challenges they must face.


text:
The Secret Jokes Hidden in Alice in Wonderland
Gift of Arthur A. Houghton, Jr./Photography by Graham S. Haber, 2015./Courtesy of the Morgan Library
By Jess Zimmerman
Just about everyone knows Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (or Alice in Wonderland, the nickname most of us use). But before it was a Disney movie, several dozen other movie and TV adaptations, a Disneyland ride, a video game, a manga, 170 translations, or even a published novel that in 150 years has never gone out of print, it was a story told to entertain some little girls on an afternoon boat trip on the Thames.
In fact, the original story, Alice's Adventures Under Ground, might be best understood as having a target audience of three: Alice's namesake—Alice Liddell—and her sisters. It was committed to writing at Alice's request, and it's filled with the Victorian equivalent of Easter eggs meant to make her and her sisters smile.
Thanks to 150 years of scholarship, though, we can share in the private jokes.
Portrait of Lewis Carroll by Oscar G. Rejlander. (Photo: Public domain/WikiCommons)
On a July day in 1862, Alice Liddell, ten years old, and her sisters Lorina and Edith were rowing with their grown-up friend Charles Dodgson, a mathematician who had recently started publishing his writing under the pen name Lewis Carroll. Carroll and one of his friends were bringing the Liddells to the town of Godstow for a picnic, and while he rowed he told them a story. Carroll was particularly fond of Alice—he had a lot of little girl friends, a fact that many later readers have found unsettling—and he named the heroine of the story after her.
Dodgson called his original manuscript Alice's Adventures Under Ground, since it starts with the heroine falling down a rabbit hole. (Getting children into fantasy worlds through geological formations was not an uncommon approach in Victorian-era fairy tales, according Carolyn Vega, assistant curator of literary manuscripts at the Morgan Library, which just closed an exhibition about Alice. Charles Kingsley's novel The Water-Babies, for instance, has its protagonist enter fairyland by falling into a river.) It's easy to forget that the adventure was meant to take place inside the earth, since Wonderland is full of trees and animals, but Carroll always described it as an underground adventure. A. L. Taylor, in his book The White Knight, suggests that the Mad Hatter's watch only tells the day of the month (and is "two days wrong") because Wonderland is close to the center of the planet, where it makes more sense to run on lunar time than solar. The moon's cycle would be consistent even underground where the position of the sun is meaningless, Taylor argued, and the difference between the lunar and calendar months is two days. As Martin Gardner writes in The Annotated Alice, "it is hard to believe that Carroll had all this in mind."
The title page of Lewis Carroll's manuscript for Alice's Adventures Under Ground. (Photo: Public domain/British Library)
For publication, Carroll came up with a few different titles, such as Alice's Golden Hour, Alice's Hour in Elfland, and Alice Among the Goblins, before settling on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Though Carroll coined many words we still use today—chortle, snark, galumph—"wonderland" wasn't one of his; it first appeared 75 years earlier, in Peter Pindar's A Complimentary Epistle to James Bruce, Esq.: the Abyssinian Traveler. But Vega says it wasn't in popular use, and we can probably credit Carroll for the way that "wonderland" has become a universal term for a place full of marvels.
In many ways, Alice's Adventures Under Ground was a very different book from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland—but not because of its text. Wonderland's words went through some changes on the way to publication (for instance, Carroll added the Mad Hatter's tea party and the "caucus-race," where Alice and several animals run in dizzying circles), but for the most part the story was preserved. The MS, though, didn't have Tenniel's iconic illustrations. Instead, it was decorated with Carroll's sketches of a darker-haired Alice. Neither Carroll's nor Tenniel's drawings were based on the real Alice Liddell—Tenniel, in fact, said that his were based on nobody in particular, since he never worked from a model—but Carroll did attempt a portrait of the real Alice on the very last page of the manuscript. He wasn't happy with it, and pasted a photograph of Alice over the sketch; his original drawing was not discovered until the 1970s.
Carroll's original illustration of Alice grown tall after eating a cake marked "Eat Me." Compare to Tenniel's interpretation, below. (Photo: Public domain/British Library)
More than anything, though, Alice's Adventures Under Ground differed from the final work in its intended audience. Originally invented as a diversion for the Liddell sisters, the story contains a number of references that may seem purely weird to modern readers, but would have been delightful, sly jokes to the girls themselves. Anyone might giggle, for instance, at the Mock Turtle's description of his "Drawling-master" when he was a schoolboy, an "old conger-eel" who taught "Drawling, Stretching, and Fainting in Coils." But the Liddell children in particular would recognize their drawing-master, art critic John Ruskin—tall, thin, and not un-eelish—who taught them drawing, sketching, and painting in oils.
Left: John Ruskin. Right: A conger. (Photos: Public domain/WikiCommons; Public domain/WikiCommons)
The girls would also have recognized the Dodo, whom Alice encounters shortly after falling down the rabbit-hole, after she becomes tiny and is caught up in a flood of her own tears. That's because the Dodo was Lewis Carroll himself. The choice of bird is a reference to his stutter; he would sometimes pronounce his own last name as "Dodo-Dodgson." The Dodo's companions the Duck, the Lory, and the Eaglet also represent passengers on the boat trip where Carroll first told the story of Alice's adventures. They are Carroll's friend Robinson Duckworth, and Alice's sisters Lorina (Lory) and Edith (Eaglet). (Lorina, Edith, and Alice also reappear in the Dormouse's tale as the three sisters who live in a treacle-well.) The long-winded Mouse may represent Mary Prickett, the Liddells' governess.
As for who inspired the Mad Hatter, there's some dispute. For a while, the character—or, at least, Tenniel's illustration of him—was presumed to be based on Theophilus Carter, an Oxford cabinet-maker who had also invented an "alarm clock bed" which would dump a sleeper unceremoniously on the floor. This assumption was largely based on letters to The Times of London in the 1930s, 60 years after Wonderland was published, and the image of the Mad Hatter as an inventor of equally mad alarm clocks was apparently too good to check. Sadly, there's no evidence of a connection between Carter and Carroll, or Carter and Alice Liddell—and no evidence, either, that he ever really made that alarm clock bed. Perhaps more likely, the figure of the Hatter could be based on shopkeeper Thomas Randall, later mayor of Oxford, whose home the Liddells visited regularly and whose dog, Rover, Alice would sometimes be allowed to walk.
John Tenniel (1832—1914), "Curiouser and curiouser!" Final drawing (graphite on paper), 1864-1865. (Photo: Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Gale/Photography by Steven H. Crossot, 2014/Courtesy of the Morgan Library)
Many of the poems in Alice in Wonderland, which modern readers might see as pure whimsy, were in fact nonsensical parodies of verses that Victorian schoolchildren had to learn by heart. When Alice, in the book, recites "How Doth The Little Crocodile," she's trying to remember Isaac Watts' "Against Idleness and Mischief," an altogether more moralistic work that begins "How doth the little busy bee / Improve each shining hour." Watts also wrote "The Sluggard," a poem warning about the dangers of sloth, which is parodied in Wonderland as "'Tis The Voice Of The Lobster." "You Are Old, Father William" is also based on a didactic poem, "The Old Man's Comforts And How He Gained Them" by Robert Southey.
Unlike Father William, Southey's old man doesn't stand on his head or balance eels on his nose; instead, he admonishes his young questioner to take care of his health, think of the future, and remember God. The Liddell sisters "would have gotten a lot more out of some of these jokes," Vega says, because they were so familiar with the dry, preachy originals.
Incidentally, Carroll continued this tradition of parody in Through The Looking-Glass, along with purely original inventions like "The Walrus and the Carpenter"—though the subjects of his mockery were a bit more highbrow. "Haddocks' Eyes" has shades of "Resolution and Independence" by William Wordsworth, and is sung to the tune of a poem by Thomas Moore. Another poem parodies Sir Walter Scott's "Bonnie Dundee." And while the Liddell sisters wouldn't have recognized the origins of "Jabberwocky," Carroll's family would. He composed the first stanza when he was only in his teens, and published it in a magazine he wrote and illustrated for his siblings. The poem, carefully rendered in faux-Runic script, was accompanied by a language key similar to the definitions Humpty Dumpty offers in the book.
Original first stanza of "Jabberwocky," written when Carroll was a teenager. (Photo:Public domain/British Library)
Wonderland also had one final secret gift for Alice: If you note textual clues about the month and day, you'll find that the adventure takes place on May 4. That's the real Alice Liddell's birthday.
Of course, you don't need to be Alice Liddell, or even a Victorian schoolchild, to appreciate Alice's adventures. It's no accident that Carroll's nonsense verses are widely recognized while the didactic poems they're based on are nearly forgotten, and characters like the Mad Hatter are indelible even if you've never met Thomas Randall or Theophilus Carter. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a bona fide deathless classic. But before it was a classic, it was a whimsical tale full of inside jokes for a specific, beloved little girl.
MORE FROM ATLAS OBSCURA
Why There Are Still Borders Bookstores In Malaysia, Or the Strange Case of the Zombie Chain
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For 11.27, it is very cheap product. If i'll need another teaching supplies, i'll definitely buy this again!


text:
← Here's Some Music for This Fine Monday
Let's Take a Big, Long Look at the Eternals This Time! →
6 Reasons Why I Love Robin
I love Robin the Boy Wonder. He/She is one of my all-time favorite comic book characters, and a character I will defend to the death if need be. My personal favorite Robin is Tim Drake, but I like the mantle of Robin more than I like any specific individual who has worn the mask. Robin is simply an awesome comic book character. And because there has been a whole heck of a lot of Robin news lately, I wanted to celebrate with this week's List of Six.
He's just plain cool
Robin is getting a couple new comics in November. Tim Drake just came out as likely bisexual, and that made national news. Robin is going to appear in the Batman '89 comic, finally giving those Tim Burton movies a Robin. Various Robins are the stars of the Titans TV show, which just started its third season. There's currently a "Robin" comic starring Damian Wayne, who is maybe transitioning away from the role? Suffice to say, there is a lot of Robin stuff happening these days and it feels good to be a Robin fan. But why am I such a devoted Robin fan?
Join me after the jump to find out!
6. Cool by association
His best pal is pretty great
Simply put, Robin is best pals/sidekick/protégé to Batman, the coolest superhero on the planet. That makes Robin cool by association. Batman is known for being this lone figure, this dark knight who doesn't even open up to his friends on the Justice League. But Batman keeps this sidekick as a close confidant. Batman trusts Robin, implicitly. And I think that's cool.
I'd like to think that there's no debate that Batman is cool. He's just all around cool. And if Batman thinks Robin is cool, which he does, then Robin is also cool. Robin is as inner circle as it gets with Batman's coolness. They are an unbreakable team, and that's awesome to me. I like that this larger than life figure, Batman, has this colorful partner, and that Batman doesn't treat him/her as anything less.
5. Starred on a steady progression of shows
My love for superheroes translated to a love of superhero TV shows, and there were plenty to watch when I was a kid. First and foremost was the classic 1960s Batman show starring Adam West and Burt Ward. I imagine that was my proper introduction to Robin. And as a kid, Burt Ward's Robin was fine. I don't have any particular memory of what I thought of Robin while watching that show, I just know I watched a lot of it on reruns when I was younger, and that must have made an impression.
Because I was super psyched to see Robin in Batman: The Animated Series. Obviously that cartoon was a defining show for many Batman fans in my generation. And I watched it religiously, just like everyone else. But whereas Batman was fine, I can remember being really thrilled about Robin showing up. And BTAS Robin was cool as hell. He was older, so he wasn't some annoying kid. He had the awesome 90s Robin costume. And he just worked as a great partner to Batman. The fact that he only appeared in a handful of those early episodes made him even more special, all leading up to that amazing Robin's Reckoning 2-parter.
My memory isn't so great these days, but I know those two shows played a big role in becoming attached to the character.
4. Very relatable
Aw shucks
Robin is an easy character to like. He's usually just a regular, charming dude who makes friends easily and gets along with everybody. Dick Grayson is everybody's favorite person in the regular DC Universe. Jason Todd rubs people the wrong way, but he's still got friends. And Tim Drake is the next generation's favorite person. Robin is usually good people. Even with Damian Wayne, he's trying to be good, most of the time. Robin is a good kid struggling with pressures and teenage problems, same with all of the readers. He's not some untouchable god high upon the mountain top. He's not the greatest anything in the world. He's just a cool dude who would probably be your friend. That's likeable material.
3. Underestimated
Cool as hell scene
Everybody underestimates Robin, especially in the real world, and that makes it so much more fun to be a fan. People have been making jokes about Robin for decades. People just don't like the character. They think Batman is better when he's alone. People think Robin is dumb. All of this stuff just builds and builds, and I'm here all smarmy and confidant that Robin is better than all of these people think. I realize that's not a good attitude to have, but it's fun nonetheless. I'm one of those conspiracy theorists who clings to my chosen conspiracy because I get a dopamine hit from "knowing" the ultimate truth. Well my ultimate truth is that Robin is awesome, and I think that's pretty safe.
2. Modern costumes are sweet
And the world was never the same again
Tim Drake's Robin costume is the greatest superhero costume redesign of all time. It redefined a character and made Robin super cool. Everybody complains about bright colors in the dark night of Gotham City, but shadows work just fine. He's got that baseline red, with black, yellow and green highlights. It's cool as hell. And most other modern Robin costumes are just as cool. Dick's New 52 retcon costume. Damian's various costumes. Duke Thomas' short-lived We Are Robin outfit with the helmet. The Robin costumes on Titans. Chris O'Donnell's Robin costume in Batman Forever. The various Robin costumes in cartoons. The new Robin costume from Batman '89. Robin costumes are cool as hell. They're all trying to make up for that original, dorky outfit with the short shorts and the pixie boots, and that's a good motivation to have: to be extra cool because of their dorky past. Everybody can relate to that.
1. I am not the hero
They're the heroes
This is probably the main reason for all of this Robin love: I'm never gonna be Batman. Obviously. But I mean, I'm never going to be the hero. I'm not the hero. I'm not the alpha leader or the popular kid or the life of the party. And neither is Robin. Growing up, I always felt myself in the shadow of other, cooler kids, and I was fine with it. I recognized that was simply not my life and didn't need to be. And then through Robin, I had a superhero I could daydream about. My cooler, more popular friends could be Batman, and I'd be the sidekick. That was fine by me.
And this works on a macro level with readers. Comic book fans can never be Batman. Bruce Wayne is Batman. Batman is Batman. But anybody can be Robin. Lots of different people have been Robin. And many more can be Robin. Readers can be Robin. I did say he was pretty relatable.
Posted on August 18, 2021, in Comics, DC, Batman, Robin, Lists of Six! and tagged Nightwing, Tim Drake, Stephanie Brown, Dick Grayson, Damian Wayne, Jason Todd, Robin. Bookmark the permalink.	Leave a comment.


text:
Redlegs fail defensive test
June 29, 2015 Toe Punt Sport
PENINSULA LEAGUE
Win out of reach: Mt Eliza went down to Frankston YCW by 32 points. Picture: Gary Bradshaw
MT ELIZA has an enormous amount of work to do if it is going to win that elusive Peninsula League premiership in 2015 after a poor showing against Frankston YCW on Saturday.
It was billed as the match of the season. Fact is, it was an absolute fizzer.
The ball spent more than 70 per cent of the game in the Stonecats' front half of the ground and 37 scoring shots to 20 was a reasonable tale of the afternoon.
The home side had 60 inside 50m entries to the opposition's 31, while boasting 33 clearances to 17.
The Redlegs engine room of Dave Barton, Ben Landry and Rohan Heasley netted just 42 possessions between them. Of those 42 possessions, more than half would have been ineffective hack kicks.
Darren Booth and Sam Gill, usually prolific ball winners across half back, were under enormous pressure all afternoon and were restricted in their ability to dictate the way the game is played.
Mt Eliza was unbelievably predictable from the first bounce to the final siren. They didn't change their style, giving the impression that there was no 'Plan B'.
The Redlegs didn't change the angles, didn't switch play, didn't go short, didn't play on and didn't have a third man up against the best ruckman in the competition in Ash Eames – there was nothing.
The only thing that the Mounties did seem to try was to take their two ruckman in Matt Lillie and Jordan Capkin off the ground and throw an undersized James Anwyl into the ruck.
I'm not sure what that achieved because the Stonecats booted five goals to one during the period and clearance work was made so much easier.
All credit to Frankston YCW though. The Stonecats forced Mt Eliza to second guess themselves and play the way they did. They simply prevented the Redlegs from playing their own game.
Frankston YCW protected the corridor, shut down those who needed to be shut down and prevented the opposition's run from half back.
Numbers got back to support the defence and strangle the dangerous Justin Van Unen. Van Unen was named in the best with four goals but two of them were from dubious free kicks in the goal square and he would not have had more than six touches.
Daniel Waddell completely shut him down.
Kyle Hutchison was the best four quarter performer on the ground, while Tony Lester and Lachy Wallace completely dominated the first half. Ryan Santon wasn't named in the team's best but was clearly one of the best players on the ground.
Mt Eliza had three players worth mentioning – Rob D'Orazio, Jimmy Clayton and James Freeman.
D'Orazio did a wonderful job on both Dave Bodley and Anthony Bruhn and was the only effective defender. Clayton played in various positions in defence, attack and through the middle and worked tirelessly.
James Freeman was back from the Stingrays and had countless possessions. Freeman was the only player who tried to take on the opposition and create something. He was rewarded with two last quarter goals.
It was vintage Frankston YCW on Saturday. Other than Ricky Morris, they had their best 22 on the park with the inclusion on Saturday of Luke Collins, Lachy Wallace, Jesse Coghlan and Anthony Barry.
Pines for the second time this season proved that the difference between the top four sides and those vying for fifth place is poles apart.
The Pythons took on Langwarrin at home on Saturday and other than a tight first quarter, completely smashed the opposition.
The red and green had 25 scoring shots to 17 and booted 15.10 (100) to 6.11 (47).
Guy Hendry loves giving it to Langwarrin and he did again with five gaols while Harley Parker was dangerous too with four majors.
Luke Holdcroft has become one of the best stoppers in the competition and he was at it again on Saturday while Aaron Edwards was first class.
Langwarrin had a handful out with the likes of Scott Sienkiewics, Jayden Grose, Ethan Rahilly, Matt Dimkos, Gerard Brown and Andrew Withers not playing.
Rikki Johnston earned himself yet another three club votes and would be miles ahead in the club B&F while Sean Herdman and Michael Parker were also hard workers.
Bonbeach went from beating Mornington to getting beaten by Seaford on Saturday.
The Tigers have been ordinary at best this season but led all afternoon to win their second game of the season, 14.13 (97) to 10.8 (68).
It was a convincing victory. Aaron Walton led from the front with six goals in a best on ground performance while Dean Williamson and Josh Stokes, arguably the Tigers' best players, were at the top of their game.
Some household MPNFL surnames in Jackson Sole and Gary Carpenter were the best of the Sharks.
Mornington bounced back from its shock loss to Bonbeach last week to beat Karingal 20.18 (138) to 7.7 (49). The margin was seven points at quarter time and 27 point at half time.
Jackson Calder was back and booted four goals, along with Jake Smart. Josh Halsall and Chris Baker were the best of the Doggies.
Aaron's Paxton and Lees were the best of the Bulls, along with Brodie Kempster and Bevan Malloy, who made a return to help out his old club.
Edithvale and Chelsea went toe to toe in the traditional Sunday game.
First published in the Mornington News – 30 June 2015
Tigers fall short, Frankston YCW grasp a...
Pines claim Berwick City scalp...
New footy leader
5 km/h, SW


text:
package com.diguage.truman.netty.nia.ch02;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

/**
 * @author D瓜哥, https://www.diguage.com/
 * @since 2020-06-05 19:17
 */
public class EchoTest {

  private static final int PORT = 11911;

  @Test
  public void testServer() throws InterruptedException {
    EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler();
    EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
    EventLoopGroup wokerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
    try {
      ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
      b.group(bossGroup, wokerGroup)
        .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
        .localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(PORT))
        .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
          @Override
          protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
            ch.pipeline().addLast(serverHandler);
          }
        });
      ChannelFuture f = b.bind().sync();
      f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
    } finally {
      bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
      wokerGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testClient() throws InterruptedException {
    NioEventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
    try {
      Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
      b.group(group)
        .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
        .remoteAddress(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", PORT))
        .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
          @Override
          protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
            ch.pipeline().addLast(new EchoClientHandler());
          }
        });
      ChannelFuture f = b.connect().sync();
      f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
    } finally {
      group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
    }
  }

  public static class EchoServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
      ctx.channel().eventLoop().execute(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
          try {
            Thread.sleep(10 * 1000);
            System.out.println("Task-1: " + LocalDateTime.now());
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
          }
        }
      });

      ctx.channel().eventLoop().execute(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
          try {
            Thread.sleep(20 * 1000);
            System.out.println("Task-2: " + LocalDateTime.now());
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
          }
        }
      });

      ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf) msg;
      System.out.println("Server received: " + in.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
      ctx.write(in);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
      ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER)
        .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
      cause.printStackTrace();
      ctx.close();
    }
  }

  public static class EchoClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf> {
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
      ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Netty rocks!", StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf in) throws Exception {
      System.out.println("Client received: " + in.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
      cause.printStackTrace();
      ctx.close();
    }
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Clowney, Edmund P. The Unfolding Mystery: Discovering Christ in the Old Testament. 2nd ed. Louisville, Ky.: P & R Publishing, 2013.
The author studies characters and passages from the Old Testament and explains to the reader how Christ is revealed through the passage, the character's life, or similar means. This book lends itself well to personal or group Bible studies because of the discussion and application questions accompanying each chapter. If my pastor were not so wonderful at explaining many of the concepts covered in this book, I'm certain I would have gotten much more out of it than I did. There are many other places in the Tanakh that Christ can be discovered. This book is not intended for an academic audience, but more for a lay audience that it is interesting in deepening its knowledge of what the Bible, and specifically the Old Testament books, teach about Christ. The book is also not comprehensive. This review is based on an advance e-galley provided by the publisher through NetGalley.
Fancy a Cuppa By the Cathedral?
Duffin, Simon. Fancy a Cuppa by the Cathedral? Leicester, England: Troubador, 2013.
This is a book for tourists to England who want their cup of coffee or tea after visiting the local cathedral. Each entry tells a little about the cathedral, although it does not go into great detail. Sometimes a bit of information about the city is included before giving information on the cathedral itself. If the city or cathedral has been featured on TV (such as Dr. Who) or on film (such as Harry Potter) that information has been included. After the cathedral information, the author first talks about the coffee shop(s) and then the tea room(s). The entries typically tell a little about where the coffee is acquired, how many varieties of tea are offered, types of cakes or baked goods offered, and maybe a bit more. I've always heard that one had difficulty locating a decent cup of coffee in England, but this book makes it seem as though a good cup of tea is more difficult to find. It seemed there were a lot of places where one or more coffee shops were listed and the author had no tea rooms to recommend or where the tea room had recently closed. I only recall one instance of a coffee shop having recently closed in the narrative. There were several tea rooms which only offered tea of the bagged variety. The writing was very informal and did not follow the practices of good grammar. It's a fun take on a travel book, but the shear number of places that had recently closed illustrates how quickly the guide becomes dated, making it a non-essential purchase for most. I received an e-galley through NetGalley from the publisher with the expectation that a review would be written.


Promotion, booking gigs, distributing your music can all be tough when you are doing it all yourself, but don't despair: this workshop will give you advice and tips about how to work towards achieving your musical aspirations.
Internationally regarded, Tali is one of the most prolific & established MCs within the Drum n Bass scene. Freestyler, Singer, Songwriter, Teacher, Mentor, inspirational speaker and Author.
Let's keep up the music – music for life!


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text:
Uma comédia cinematográfica é uma classificação de filme com humor ou que pretende provocar o riso da audiência. Juntamente ao drama, é um dos mais importantes gêneros de cinema.

História
O filme cômico, que se caracteriza pela inclusão de gags, pilhérias ou brincadeiras, tanto visuais como verbais, começou sua existência praticamente no início desta arte. L'arroseur Arrosé (O Regador Regado), de 1896, filme francês dos irmãos Lumière, é considerado a primeira comédia da história do cinema. Desde o começo, criaram-se filmes em que se mostravam imagens que alegravam ou faziam rir o espectador, ainda que fosse sem o acompanhamento do som. Nestas comédias, quase em sua totalidade estadunidenses, utilizavam-se de perseguições, golpes, quedas, surpresas dos personagens para conseguir a hilaridade do público. Era um cinema cheio de golpes com tortas, choques de automóveis, velozes perseguições policiais e inúmeras situações mais ou menos insólitas. Observam-se ali os protótipos do que seria o cinema de comédia.

Comédia muda
A comédia muda teve origem no vaudeville, no café concerto, no music-hall e no circo. Os fatores externos, e não propriamente a personagem, eram os desencadeadores das situações inusitadas e sem sentido, dando graça aos instantes, sem qualquer preocupação, na época, com a continuidade narrativa.

L'arroseur arrosé ("O Regador Regado"), de 1896, filme francês dos irmãos Lumière, é considerado a primeira comédia da história do cinema. No entanto, ainda antes desse filme, já se poderia dizer que "Sneeze" ("O Espirro"), de 1894, dirigido por William Dicson e estrelado por Fred Ott, para a Companhia Kinetoscópica, teria sido a primeira comédia do cinema. Na verdade, foi um filme rodado por acaso, numa das tentativas de Edison em viabilizar o cinematógrafo. Ott era um simples empregado da companhia, mas pode ser considerado como o primeiro ator cômico do cinema.

Alguns anos mais tarde, Max Linder conseguiu criar um personagem com características individuais, destacando-se mediante os recursos cômicos da época, feitos através de situações disformes ou cortes abruptos de câmara. Um dos seus principais filmes foi Max Pédicure Pour Amour ("Calista Por Amor"), de 1912, já revelando estrutura narrativa e algum lirismo (que mais tarde inspiraria Charles Chaplin para a criação de seu genial vagabundo).

Foi nos EUA, porém, que a comédia muda alcançou seu campo mais produtivo, haja vista o país estar passando, então, por um período de mudanças, pós-guerra civil, a caminho da democracia. As comédias abordavam temas rapidamente absorvidos pelo público, tais como a crítica a instituições convencionais: casamento, escola, ordem pública, numa forma de "criticar a si mesmos". As comédias mostravam, portanto, roubos grotescos, flertes com a mulher do amigo, mentiras, marcando o surgimento do gênero nonsense.

Em 1909, Mack Sennett entra para a Biograph, companhia de David Griffith, atuando, no ano seguinte, em The Curtain Pole, inaugurando o slapstick (pastelão) no cinema americano. Em 1912, Sennett funda a Keystone, passando a produzir suas próprias comédias, criando sua marca registrada: as Bathing Beautes (em desconcertantes trajes de banho), que saltitavam em torno dos Keystone Cops (grupo de policiais). Criava-se, assim, o caos social no cinema.

Com o surgimento de Charles Chaplin, há uma grande mudança no cinema cômico. Inicialmente seu personagem ainda tinha a brutalidade dos personagens da Keystone, mas já com a sensibilidade proveniente da cultura inglesa, com um refinamento interpretativo, que aos poucos vai se delineando até compor o personagem eternizado do vagabundo. O primeiro filme de Chaplin para a Keystone foi Making a Living ("Carlitos Repórter"), em 1914, e mostrava-o com cartola, sobrecasaca e monóculo, numa cena mais lírica, beijando gentilmente a mão da atriz Virgínia Kirtley, mas ainda havia cenas de perseguição, típicas da Keystone. Apenas em 1915, com os dois filmes feitos para a Cia. Essanay, The Tramp ("O Vagabundo"), e The Bank ("O Banco"/ "Ordenança de Banco"), Chaplin consegue delinear seu personagem. A triste alegria cômica seria marcante na arte de Chaplin, culminando em 3 grandes filmes: The Kid ("O Garoto"), de 1920, The Gold Rush ("Em Busca do Ouro"), de 1925, e City Lights ("Luzes da Cidade"), de 1931.

Surgem posteriormente 3 grandes cômicos do cinema mudo: Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd e Harry Langdon.

Langdon retira de Chaplin a maneira de se vestir, mas apresenta maior suavidade na tela. Sob a direção de Frank Capra, produz seus próprios filmes: Tramp, Tramp, Tramp (1927), The Strong Man ("Um Homem Forte") (1926), e Long Pants ("O Pinto Calçudo") (1927).

Harold Lloyd era impulsivo, nervoso e arguto, compôs o personagem com ar inocente, óculos de aro de tartaruga, atraído pelo perigo. Não aceitava dublê para cenas de perigo. Alguns exemplos são Safety Last ("O Homem Mosca"), de 1923, em que mostra sua habilidade em construir gags e seu amor pelo perigo, e The Fresh Man ("O Calouro"), de 1925.

Buster Keaton, por sua vez, tinha o ar impassível e movimentos delicados. Estreou no cinema em 1916, fazendo pequenas comédias com Roscoe Arbuckle (Fatty Arbuckle ou, no Brasil, "Chico Boia"), e em 1920 começou a produzir seus próprios filmes. Entre seus filmes mais conhecidos estão Sherlock Jr. ("Bancando o Águia"), de 1924, The Navigator ("Marinheiro por Descuido"), de 1924, e The General ("O General"), de 1926, quando utiliza a mecanização como forma de expressão.

Com o surgimento do som, poucos foram os cômicos do cinema mudo que sobreviveram. Chaplin tentou se adaptar com The Great Dictator ("O Grande Ditador"), em 1940, seu primeiro filme sonoro, mas após essa mudança sua receptividade já não foi a mesma. Somente Stan Laurel e Oliver Hardy, em parceria desde 1927, ultrapassam com sucesso a barreira do som.

Gêneros híbridos
Comédia de ação
Comédia romântica
Comédia dramática
Comédia de Terror

Ver também
Comédia maluca
Comédia pastelão
Humor negro
Cinema Mudo

Bibliografia

Ligações externas
 Comedy films

Comédia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Scott Games has confirmed Five Nights At Freddy's 3 is already in development.
Five Nights at Freddy's 3 is in production! Please do not email me asking any questions about it; NO questions about FNaF3 will be read or answered!
This follows Five Nights at Freddy's 2 having been released just last November, and the first Five Nights at Freddy's coming out three months before that. Scott has received criticism for releasing the games out too soon, but that is not necessarily a bad thing. It does make people speculate it won't take long for the 3rd game to come out.
Have you been playing the Five Nights at Freddy's games? Are you OK with the games coming out so soon? Is there enough content in the first two games to justify them coming out separately? Share your thoughts with us in the comments.


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text:
West Brompton, Kensington & Chelsea
A compact and pleasant residential locality – squeezed almost out of existence by Fulham, Chelsea and Earls Court, between which it lies – dominated by a big, beautiful cemetery
West Brompton was an area of fields and market gardens until the late 18th century. Much of the land was acquired from 1801 onwards by the Gunter family, confectioners of Berkeley Square.
Over the course of the 19th century the Gunters and their lessees built thousands of houses on newly created streets, named after a variety of family associations. Edith Grove, for example, honours Captain Robert Gunter's daughter, who died of scarlet fever at the age of eight. Finborough Road is named after the country seat of the Pettiward family, another local landowner.
Brompton cemetery (shown in the photograph above) was founded in 1837 as the West of London and Westminster cemetery, on a site that had previously been fields and nurseries, mainly owned by Lord Kensington. An additional 4½ acres was obtained in 1844 from the Equitable Gas Company, giving access to Fulham Road.
The cemetery has a formal layout with a central chapel, based on the design of St Peter's Basilica in Rome (in miniature, of course). It was compulsorily purchased from the private owners in 1852 by the General Board of Health, becoming the first and only London cemetery under government control.
Around 200,000 people have been buried here, including eleven holders of the Victoria Cross, 3,000 Chelsea Pensioners, suffragette leader Emmeline Pankhurst, and singer and operetta composer Richard Tauber. In 1997 the Sioux Indian Chief Long Wolf was reburied in South Dakota, having been interred at Brompton in 1892.
According to the 2011 census, West Brompton's Redcliffe ward has London's greatest concentration of residents from Italy and elsewhere in continental western Europe.
The Finborough public house has a highly regarded upstairs theatre, opened in 1980.
The author Beatrix Potter often walked in Brompton Cemetery and seems to have found the names for many of her characters on the gravestones here.
Dylan Thomas's first London home was 5 Redcliffe Street, where he was surrounded by "poems, butter, eggs and mashed potato."
Postal district: SW10
Population: 9,245 (Redcliffe ward, 2011 census)
Station: District line and London Overground (zone 2)
Website: Brompton Cemetery


The Weeknd has branded Kendrick Lamar "a genius" in a new interview.
The Toronto artist – AKA Abel Tesfaye – is gearing up to release his third studio album, 'Starboy', on Friday (November 25). The new record boasts an all-star feature list, which includes the likes of Daft Punk, Lana Del Rey and Future.
Of Lamar, who guests on the track 'Sidewalks', The Weeknd said that he considers the Compton-born rapper to be "a genius." Speaking to Zane Lowe in a rare interview on Beats 1, Tesfaye gave an insight into what it is like to be in the studio recording with Lamar.
"He's a genius. He is really a genius," the artist said. "He'd walk around. He'd play the record over and over again. I played him songs, the Starboy theme of course, which he incorporated into his verse. He would just walk around. We had food. He's writing his verse in his head. He would go into his phone, look at it a few and then put it back and start walking around. He then at one point he went into the studio booth and I closed the door and I could hear him yelling his verse in his head. He was really committed, you can tell he put his all into it.
Watch a clip of The Weeknd discussing the Kendrick collaboration below.
The Weeknd's full interview with Zane Lowe airs on Beats 1 at 5am tomorrow morning (November 24).
Meanwhile, Daft Punk are now selling copies of the portrait that they appeared in in the video for their collaboration with The Weeknd.


Ariel Marsh grew up in Moncton, New Brunswick. As a kid, she could always be found drawing or with her face buried in a book or two.
Once Ariel hit junior high, she developed a more serious interest in art, from pottery and sculpture to painting in all sorts of mediums. In college, she took Intro to Animation, and then a 3D Graphics and Design course. After leaving college, she focused on commissions, ranging from pin-ups to murals.
After moving to Nova Scotia in 2007, Ariel started to attend local conventions in the artist alleys. She soon launched her personal brand, Sweet Loots, consisting of original digital and watercolour illustrations, pet portraits, greeting cards, and some pop-culture paintings.
At Hal-Con 2010, Ariel met Jay Paulin and soon discussed working together. They started with the poster and cover to the Ink'd Well Comics charity anthology What The Wild Things Read, and it's exploded from there.
In her downtime, Ariel enjoys playing Dungeons & Dragons and all sorts of board and video games, watching movies, listening to podcasts, and of course reading!