What should we be teaching our students about the text types required under the new Subject Guide (2018, for first assessment in 2020)? To put it another way, how will they be expected to handle each text type in Paper 1: Productive skills - writing? Basically, what instructions do we give the students ... what plans do we provide them, so that they can construct something that will fly ?
The task involves a "choice of text type" which demonstrates "appropriate" understanding, and handling, of the general areas. So, students have to be taught how these general areas apply to each of the text types - and then how to adapt the general characteristics of each text type to the particular requirements of each specific task / question.
This page sets out to provide brief summary notes about the likely expectations of how Conceptual understandings should be applied to each text type included in the IB-specified list of text types for exams (see the page Exam list of text types ).
Everything in this page is 'work in progress'. We will not begin to be sure how the handling of text types will be marked until after the first exam session in May 2020. So, the ideas proposed in this page are carefully considered inferences - but they remain personal interpretations.
* will include practical aspects of the brochure like "contact us", or "a phone number and/or an email address".
* the question of 'audience' is the key distinction perceived by IB between 'diary' and 'journal' - a diary is assumed to be essentially private i.e. written for the author's eyes only; whereas a journal may be written for possibly public reading (e.g. a scientist's journal of experiments and data-collection).
* the purpose will generally be to 'record' some experiences of personal significance - but what sorts of experiences are required will be indicated in the question. One way of stating the distinction between the two text types is that a diary is anecdotal (dealing with intimate personal feelings) while a journal is intellectual (dealing with personal reactions to more public concepts and arguments).
* will have an appropriate closing salutation.
* in relation to an essay, the term 'context' may involve two elements: the general area to be discussed, and/or how the essay has been set. These may be combined (e.g. "Your English teacher has shown a video about the dangers fof online gaming, and has set an essay about the subject..."), and may include the actual title of the essay (e.g. "The dangers of online gaming are much exaggerated. Discuss"). If no title is given, the student should make one up, thus defining clearly what the essay is about.
* the context of any interview task will usually involve who is to be interviewed, and why... and the combination of these will usually indicate the angle that the interview should take. To illustrate: "a famous musician visiting your town... interview because former student of your school... so, how did school influence his/her career?"
* the task will normally indicate where the interview is to be published, and this will define (to some extent) the audience e.g. "in your school magazine" will suggest a different audience to "a well-known online music magazine".
* as with 'Article' (qv), the prime purpose of an interview is to inform or report - but good interviews manage also to explore or even probe: we want to discover something intriguing and personal about the person interviewed, don't we?
* the tone should express interest in the person interviewed, and probably respect, even fascination - after all, why interview someone who is not worth the effort?
* the question / task will explain the context - i.e. what needs to be 'covered' and why.
* the purpose will be defined by the context, very largely - typically, a problem exists, and so the purpose of the proposal is to solve the problem. In order to do this, a good proposal needs to be (1) relevant; (2) practical; and (3) attractive - all those aspects need to be included.
* will set out the text clearly using features such as headings, short clear paragraphs, sections identified by letters/numbers/bullets, insetting etc.
NOTE: the proposal may be presented within the framework of a letter / email - provided the features above are present.
* the basic context will be explained in the question - and the student will then have to invent the details of the report, expanding on the basic background provided.
* the audience will, again, be specified in the question i.e. the specific person or group of people who have asked for the report. Ideally, information should be given in the question about why the report is needed, and what kind of information is expected.
* the fundamental purpose is to provide an objective, reliable account of some situation or event - methodically, clearly and efficiently. Personal and subjective reactions would not be considered appropriate.
* will have a conclusion; or a recommendation if this has been required.
NOTE: do not worry that most forum postings are short: for the purpose of exam tasks, write as many words as is required by the exam rules, whether this is realistic or not. IN ADDITION: tasks will most probably not require writing a 'dialogue' between several different posts - but this has not been ruled out by IB.
* will include elements of speech rhetoric eg rhetorical questions, repetition etc.


A quarter century after his disappearance, Plant's legacy continues to impact those seeking to modify their lives.
In the 1970's, Mike Plant was a renegade twenty-something year old rebel from the U.S. who shucked the certainty of college and the stability of Midwestern Minneapolis to wave farewell to his parents, hoof across South America from head to tail in eight months (discovering cocaine along the way) and then sail between Greece and Turkey. While in Greece he was listed by Interpol as a drug smuggler (technically incorrect, according to 'informants' who later admitted to having invented the fiction to try to reduce their own sentences).
On the cusp of arrest in a port on the Greek isle of Rhodes, Plant hoisted midnight sails, skedaddled to another nearby isle and soon thrust a counterfeit passport at airport officials to depart for the U.S. Once there, he dabbled in construction around Newport, Rhode Island, on the East Coast.
Plant remained restless. Through his preference for varied, creative and eclectic international wanderings, he had condemned himself to being unsuited for the confines of any routine existence.
While in his thirties, Plant walked into a Rhode Island movie theater and watched a film called The Ultimate Challenge. This told of the British Oxygen Company (BOC) sponsored 1982-83 single-handed, around the world sailboat race with stops in Cape Town, Sydney and Rio de Janeiro—which ended in Newport, Rhode Island. The movie had a massive impact on his life. Plant walked out of the theater a galvanized individual; he shucked his previous desultory ways and embraced one slightly singular newfound focus.
"The rest of his life was dedicated to single-handed ocean racing," his nephew Thomas Simmons said when we recently met at the Sail In Festival in Bilbao, Spain. "What he saw on the screen was what he had been preparing for—unknowingly—his whole life. That was his passion. He immediately began making plans to build a 50-foot boat with his own hands. He later circumnavigated the globe three times by himself and twice set the American record for the fastest single-handed lap of the planet [in 135 days]. That was late 80's, early 90's," Simmons added.
Simmons intimately understands many details of Plant's life, having directed the recently released film titled Coyote: The Mike Plant Story.
In the fall of 1992, Plant set sail in his boat Coyote from New York to Le Sable d'Olonne in France to participate in the Vendée Globe Challenge. Plant was a sole American among 18 entrants in this single-handed, non-stop global circumnavigation yacht race that takes place every four years.
Sadly, 41 year old Plant—by then a renowned sailor—vanished in the Atlantic Ocean during his journey to the starting line. His overturned boat was eventually found hundreds of miles southwest of Ireland.
Coyote was Plant's third boat, designed by Newport naval architect Rodger Martin from South Africa. Plant had built his own first two boats, but this craft differed in that it was designed for efficiency and speed. Sixty feet long, Coyote was built of lightweight composites with a fiberglass-coated, foam-core hull. It had 50% more sail area and weighed 19% less than his previous boat—Duracell—making its design 'radical' according to its sail maker from Portsmouth, Rhode Island. Many sailors predicted it would be a clear winner in the race. Plant and French skippers shared respect for their mutual capabilities, and this somewhat feisty American was determined to use this cutting edge craft not only to prove his seafaring skills, but to win the race.
Reasons for the boat's failure (it lost a massive 'keel bulb' which basically sits at the lowest point below a boat and maintains stability) remain inconclusive. Possibilities include non-visible damage from a partial grounding incident before it left the U.S., or it may have collided with ocean debris en route.
Helen Davis, the fiancé of Plant, told how, after his disappearance, she suddenly woke early and phoned contacts in Ireland (a probable location for sighting the then missing boat). She asked if they had news, to which they replied no. Yet only ten minutes later a fax arrived, stating that the boat had been sighted offshore. She described the event as a 'premonition.' In her 2013 book Coyote Lost at Sea, Plant's sister Julia describes talking about Mike with her cousin when, during their conversation, a coyote appeared three separate times at a nearby canyon edge outside her home. Coincidence? She doubted it. Did the event have meaning? For her, certainly.
A quarter century after his disappearance, Plant's legacy continues to impact those seeking to modify their lives. Simmons' film, as well as his own life, reverberate with that theme.
The night before we spoke, Simmons gave the first European screening of Coyote to a packed audience in Bilbao. Viewers appeared both compelled and moved by the narrated footage.
Now in his early thirties, Simmons was a young boy when Plant vanished. He was old enough to recognize his uncle's accomplishments, but only later did he understand how Plant, through conscious choice, had re-shaped his own life.
Not a professional sailor himself, Simmons spent years working in the financial world on Wall Street.
Simmons now lives with his family outside of San Francisco. He mentioned that just as Helen Davis told Mike Plant to hearken to his sailing ambitions, his own wife Victoria had encouraged him to make this film.
"My wife is a big reason I was able to do this, because she's someone who looked me in the eye and said, 'Go do it.' "
Directed (and largely edited) by Simmons, the 106 minute long Coyote film was produced by Ryan Lynch and Matthew Davis Walker. The film includes approximately 70% of archival footage, much shot by Plant during his sailing excursions. Additional footage from outlets such as NBC, ESPN and French news stations is also included. Simmons' model for the film was the 2010 documentary Senna about Brazilian Formula One racer Ayrton Senna.
"It was 100% archival and was told, and edited, beautifully. That was something I leaned on as a vision for this film," Simmons said. Similar to Plant's absence of ocean racing capabilities before he decided to sail around the planet—Simmons lacked film making experience before he decided to create, and direct, this documentary.
Plant began sailing on Lake Minnetonka in Minnesota when he was less than ten years old. He showed a gift for the sport. Yet his subsequent youth included wild wanderings and unpredictable whims to explore.
"He got kicked out of two high schools," Simmons said. "Instead of going to college he told his parents that he was going to trek the length of South America by himself. This was at a time when his friends and peers were going to Vietnam. He wasn't able to go because he was born legally blind. The military wouldn't accept him. He made it all the way from Colombia to the southern tip of the continent by himself in eight months," Simmons added.
In order to qualify for the 1986-87 BOC Challenge, Plant first had to cross a major ocean to prove the seaworthiness of his sailing craft. When he landed in the Azores islands in 1986, the Interpol warrant for his arrest—although more than a decade old—was enforced. He spent five weeks in a Portuguese jail before being released—somewhat mysteriously—in time to enter the race.
Plant's definitive reason for naming his final yacht Coyote is unknown. "Mike wasn't a religious person, but a spiritual person," Simmons explained. "I think Mike was a bit of a coyote himself. He sort of had nine lives. Coyote means a lot of different things to different people. But I think one constant we recognize with the word is something spiritual."
Simmons himself is unassuming, social and focused. Two organizers of the sailing film festival—Irene and Ane—texted Thomas our whereabouts in Bilbao for a rendezvous with appetizers. Soon after Simmons arrived we watched him wander off, momentarily, to chat amiably with a table of casually dressed youths, who, he later explained, he had met during the airplane flight to Bilbao. This spontaneous conviviality appears to be part of his nature. Affable and polite, forthright but in an unobtrusive Midwestern manner, Simmons is also sharply articulate.
What I've learned is when you are so determined that nothing can stay in your way, the only thing that can hold you back is yourself. It's obviously a very simple truth, but something that people need to know. Mike Plant lived that too. The film exudes that. I hope that people take that from the film.
You can move mountains if you find something that you are so determined to do, and you surround yourself with people who believe in you, and who believe in the dream. It's not common. It's not everyday that we're finding things that we'll move mountains for. But I think [the film] just brought me closer to great joy in life. It doesn't need to be everyday. But everyone should have passion, and do what they can to experience it as much as possible.
No doubt Mike Plant would agree.


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How to Instill False Memories
By Steven Ross Pomeroy on February 19, 2013
Everyone enjoys the occasional practical joke – assuming the gag isn't mean-spirited or overly perilous, even the prank's poor victim can appreciate the punch line!
I'm sure you have your favorites: gluing dollars to sidewalks, filling your co-worker's office with balloons, moving your roommate's bed to the basement… while he's sleeping in it.
More typical stunts may employ whoopee cushions, fake vomit, and hand buzzers, but honestly, those are a tad sophomoric and overdone. Thus, in an effort to elevate the standard of stunts, I'd like to present a gag that makes use not of stink bombs, but of science.
How to implant false memories in your friends, in four steps:
In The Demon-Haunted World, Carl Sagan argued that implanting false memories in people is not only possible, but is actually pretty easy when attempted in the proper settings with a gullible subject, He cited as examples people who, at the urging of therapists or hypnotists, genuinely start to believe that they'd been abducted by UFOs or falsely remember being abused as a child. For these people, the distinction between memory and imagination becomes blurred, and events that never actually took place become sewn into their memories as real events. They can even describe these false remembrances incredibly vividly – as if they actually happened!
"Memory can be contaminated," Sagan wrote. "False memories can be implanted even in minds that do not consider themselves vulnerable and uncritical."
Sagan's insight provides a segue into step one of our plot to implant a memory, which is made possible by a frank fact: your friends -- while undoubtedly honest, funny, supportive, and intelligent -- probably don't all possess invulnerable and critical minds. Thus, the first step is to select one of your mates who, in your estimation, is "prone to suggestion." Please note that you should be acquainted with this friend for at least five years, and have shared experiences with him or her. This will enhance your believability, and thus your odds of success.
Once you've got your target singled out, the next, and possibly the most critical step, is to fabricate a memory. The false memory should have "taken place" at least a year in the past, not be unduly intricate, and not be something that might engender strong feelings of emotion.
Studies have shown that it's easy to make people falsely recall small details about events, but as the fake memories grow in complexity and specificity, implantation grows progressively harder, though not impossible. After three interviews, researchers at Western Washington University succeeded in getting subjects to recall details about accidentally spilling a bowl of punch on the parents of the bride at a wedding reception. As described by University of Washington psychologist Elizabeth Loftus in a 1997 article for Scientific American:
During the first interview one participant, when asked about the fictitious wedding event, stated, "I have no clue. I have never heard that one before." In the second interview the participant said: "It was an outdoor wedding and I think we were running around and knocked something over like the punch bowl or something and um made a big mess and of course got yelled at for it."
Emotions tend to make people remember associated events more vividly. (You probably can recall where you were and what you were doing around the time of traumatic events, for example.) Thus, your target might not be as apt to accept a false memory if you told him or her that they experienced something highly emotional. In 1999, researchers at the University of British Columbia did succeed in convincing 26% of their subjects that they had been victims of a vicious animal attack in their childhood, but the research team's sophisticated methods probably won't apply in a practical joke setting.
Choosing a childhood memory will give you the best odds of success. You'll have an easier time implanting something that supposedly occurred far in the past. Since this is meant to be a practical joke, I recommend creating a false memory that's comical and not potentially life-scarring.
If you want more of a challenge, try to implant a memory that supposedly occurred more recently. For example, you could concoct a scene at a bar in which you purchased your friend a plethora of drinks and he or she never paid you back. That way, should you succeed, you'll get some money out of the deal (…which you will, of course, give back once you reveal your playful deception).
With the memory and target selected, your third task is to prepare. You're going to need a couple things if the prank will have any chance of success. First off, you'll need to formulate some narrative details surrounding the false memory. Be as specific as possible. What outfit was your friend wearing? What were the circumstances that led to the event? What was the setting like? Who was there?
If you're skilled at editing images, you could also try doctoring a photo. In 2002, psychologists exposed twenty subjects to a false childhood event using a fake photograph. Over three interviews, subjects were instructed to think about the photo, which showed them on a hot air balloon, and were made to recall the event with guided-imagery exercises. At the study's conclusion, fifty percent of subjects ended up concocting complete or partial false memories!
You'll also need corroborators; the more the better. The power of corroboration in instilling false memories was demonstrated in the 1990s by researchers at Williams College. In their study, participants were falsely accused of causing a computer to crash by pressing a wrong key. According to Loftus:
"The innocent participants initially denied the charge, but when a confederate said that she had seen them perform the action, many participants signed a confession, internalized guilt for the act and went on to confabulate details that were consistent with that belief."
Now you're ready to set your plan in motion. When you commence, be persistent. The memory may not stick right away; you'll probably have to bring it up multiple times over a span of days or even weeks. Additionally, don't be afraid to use peer pressure. You and your compatriots should utilize phrases like the following:
"Really? You don't remember that?"
"Seriously? You were there!"
"Your memory is awful!"
Memory isn't static. It's fickle, ever changing, and easily tampered with; a patchwork quilt that can be ripped, torn, and remade.
"Perhaps what we actually remember," says Carl Sagan, "is a set of memory fragments stitched onto a fabric of our own devising. If we sew cleverly enough, we have made ourselves a memorable story easy to recall."
Still, implanting a false memory in a person, and having them fully believe it, takes some doing. Even in the lab, researchers succeed less than half of the time…
…but it can be done. So sew away, my friends. Sew away.
Images: Balloons by Tomascastelazo / Wikimedia Commons, Imagination by Mehdinom / Wikimedia Commons.
Steven Ross Pomeroy
Steven Ross Pomeroy is the assistant editor for Real Clear Science, a science news aggregator. He regularly contributes to RCS' Newton Blog. As a writer, Steven believes that his greatest assets are his insatiable curiosity and his ceaseless love for learning.
The Key to Science (and Life) Is Being Wrong
Stop Building Bombs and Start Building Starships
From STEM to STEAM: Science and Art Go Hand-in-Hand
How politics and an earthquake led to prairie dog plague
By Tara C. Smith on February 18, 2013
Postage Stamps Overlook Earth's Tiny Creatures
By Laura Jane Martin on February 20, 2013

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Fantasy and science fiction author and political activist Steven Brust (previously) was this year's Guest of Honor at Philcon, an excellent Philadelphia-area science fiction (I have also had the privilege to be Philcon's GoH, and it's a great con); his guest of honor speech is entitled Truth as a Vehicle for Enhancing Fiction, Fiction as a Vehicle for Discovering Truth, and he's posted a transcript to his blog.
It's a fascinating examination of how philosophy and fiction mesh, and particularly how "pulp" forms of fiction like fantasy and science fiction both convey philosophical ideas and benefit from their inclusion -- and how people who claim not to have a philosophy or to adhere to "isms" are in fact, espousing a philosophy.
So how do you do that? It isn't simply a matter of standing up there and saying, "Hey, here's this truth I've learned about life." The ones who do that are called either philosophers or stand-up comedians. With a novel, it isn't like you're trying to find a slick or clever way to deliver some message, and concealing it in 100,000 words. If there was a shorter way to get your point across, you'd do that. Let me hit that point harder: there's an old chestnut, I don't know where it's from, that says "Until a writer can express the theme of his novel in a single declarative sentence, he shouldn't set pen to paper." I believe that if you can express your theme in a single declarative sentence, you should write that single declarative sentence, then make your novel about something interesting.


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Carson City Sheriff Says Violent Crimes Tied to Marijuana
by Richard Davies | Mar 9, 2015 | Blog
KTVN Channel 2 – Reno Tahoe News Weather, Video – Recreational marijuana is now legal in Colorado Washington, Alaska and Washington, D.C. But the Sheriff of Carson City says he does not want to see that in Nevada. During his 12 years as Sheriff, Furlong says he has not had any violent crimes involving meth and heroin, like you might expect. But he says it's a different story with pot. "Second to domestic violence, marijuana is at the top of our list of violent acts, here in Carson City," Furlong said. Furlong says if you exclude the deadly IHOP shooting in 2011, Carson City has about one homicide per year. One of those happened just two years ago on Super Bowl Sunday. "One pulls out a gun, shoots the other right straight through the heart," Furlong said. "Marijuana found at the residence." Meth and heroin users are often involved in burglaries and robberies. While those drugs are viewed as much more destructive, Furlong says users may harm themselves but don't normally hurt others. "A meth user, we call them tweekers," Furlong said. "They just spin in circles. They don't get anything done. He may threaten you but he just can't get out of that circle of the effect of the drugs. Same with the heroin. But the marijuana user is a clear-headed person." Furlong says he doesn't think marijuana causes people to commit violent crimes, but says it plays a role. "We have had several that are either directly or indirectly related to marijuana," Furlong said. "It's not the drug that we're talking about. It's the culture that surrounds...
DNA Clears Nevada Woman Imprisoned 35 Years For Murder
RENO, Nev. (AP) — After the case was dropped against a Nevada woman who spent 35 years in prison for a 1976 murder she did not commit, both sides agreed on one point: justice was finally served thanks to new technology in DNA testing. Cathy Woods became the latest innocent person in the country to be cleared by DNA evidence after prosecutors announced Friday there will be no retrial of her in the fatal stabbing of 19-year-old Michelle Mitchell on the edge of the University of Nevada, Reno, campus. A judge tossed Woods' conviction in September after new DNA tests linked the Reno crime to an Oregon inmate who now faces charges near San Francisco in a string of killings about the same time. Washoe County District Attorney Chris Hicks said he didn't fault earlier police, prosecutors and juries for sending Woods to prison because they didn't have "the incredible tool of DNA." "Whenever we hear about these rare cases where convicted individuals are later exonerated by DNA, it is a circumstance that upsets our society, rightly so," Hicks said at a news conference. "It is also depicted as a strike against our modern day criminal justice system. I would suggest otherwise. "These exonerations, 30 and 40 years later, show how improved our criminal justice system has become. So as tragic and difficult as this case continues to be, the one shining light is that it shows our modern day system is working," he added. Woods' public defender, Maizie Pusich, agreed, saying earlier authorities and juries simply lacked DNA evidence. "I wish it (Woods' exoneration) happened a long time...
Assemblyman Richard Carrillo arrested on suspicion of DUI
Nevada Assemblyman Richard Carrillo, D-Las Vegas, was arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence and possessing a firearm while intoxicated, Carson City Sheriff Ken Furlong said. According to Carrillo's arrest report he was arrested around 3 a.m. Friday after deputies were called to a parking lot on Proctor Street near North Carson Street. The officer reported the strong odor of alcohol on Carrillo's breath, and wrote Carrillo had a loaded .22-caliber pistol in his front pocket. Carrillo posted $6,000 bail at the Carson City jail on Friday morning. Carrillo didn't immediately return a phone message or email seeking comment. The arresting officer wrote he found Carrillo asleep in the unreclined driver's seat with his hand on the gear shift and his foot apparently on the pedal, with the heater running. While the vehicle wasn't moving, Furlong said, he faces a DUI because he was in control of the vehicle and could have driven away. Carrillo reportedly told the officer he had a few drinks, but declined to take a breath test on the scene. He took a blood test at the jail, according to the report. The results were still pending. A first-time DUI conviction likely means a fine and a suspended license, Furlong said. It could also lead to the revocation of a concealed weapons permit. Furlong said Carrillo bailed out of jail Friday morning. His legislative office was locked and dark. Democratic Assemblywoman Marilyn Kirkpatrick said the issue was a "personal matter" and didn't say whether she would ask him to resign, the Associated Press reported. The Legislature can discipline its members, according to Legislative Counsel...


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Snow falls in Florida — yes, Florida — in rare cold snap
Lindsay Lowe
Snow falls in Florida following first winter storm of 2022
Snow in the Sunshine State?!
Some parts of the Florida Panhandle saw snow flurries as temperatures plunged below freezing.
The Okaloosa County Sheriff's Office shared a Facebook video of snowflakes falling overnight.
"Well how's this for a temperature change?" the sheriff's office wrote in the caption. "From 75 degrees at 3 in the afternoon to snow at 3 am captured during patrol in the Lowe's parking lot on Beal by B-Shift Central! Bundle up out there!"
The snow didn't stick and didn't cause any issues, a spokesperson for the sheriff's office told The Associated Press.
Leaving on a jet plane? U.S. air travel nightmare continues - 5,000 flights canceled
Fox5ny.com
Flight cancellations impact Charleston International Airport as winter weather hits.
The new year brought the same problems for many air travelers in the United States. Canceled or delayed flights are causing a travel mess for passengers across the country. Many spent their new year in an airport.
Airlines canceled more than 5,000 flights over the weekend. And more than 2,600 U.S. flights and more than 4,100 worldwide were grounded as of midday Monday, according to tracking service FlightAware. Another 8,500 flights were delayed, including 3,100 in the U.S. More than 12,000 U.S. flights have been canceled since Christmas Eve. This is creating a huge backlog of passengers.
Airlines are reporting they simply have too many people to move and not enough planes. Airlines are also citing COVID-related staffing shortages for these delays and ongoing winter weather. A major snowstorm hit the Pacific Northwest last week. And now a massive system is moving across the East Coast.
Massive waterspout spins up off Israeli coast
Danny Rup, Matan Tzuri
ynetnews.com
Owing to rapidly fluctuating temperatures, unusual tornado-like weather phenomenon caught on camera off the shores of the southern city Ashdod, wowing passersby
An impressive sight was seen off the coast of southern Israel on Monday as a massive waterspout danced its way through the waters of the Mediterranean Sea.
The unusual weather phenomenon, which resembles a tornado, was caught off-shores of the southern city of Ashdod.
Strong magnitude 6.1 earthquake - North Atlantic Ocean
Very strong magnitude 6.1 earthquake at 10 km depth
Date & time: Jan 4, 2022 03:18:37 UTC - 6 hours ago
Local time at epicenter: Tuesday, Jan 4, 2022 1:18 am (GMT -2)
Magnitude: 6.1
Depth: 10.0 km
Epicenter latitude / longitude: 35.2646°N / 35.2407°W
Snowstorm hits parts of Hokkaido, Japan with up to 32 inches of snow
Snowstorms are hitting parts of Japan's northern prefecture of Hokkaido.
Japanese weather officials say a strong winter weather pattern is bringing snow to the Sea of Japan coast in northern and eastern Japan.
Nearly 20 centimeters of snow fell in Teshio, Hokkaido, over 6 hours on Monday morning.
By 9 a.m., more than 80 centimeters of snow had accumulated in Rumoi, also in Hokkaido, and over 60 centimeters in Yonezawa, Yamagata Prefecture.
Snowstorm leaves nearly 1 million without power in the US
Adriana Navarro
A quick-hitting blast of winter weather left several inches of snow blanketing parts of the Southeast, before spreading into the mid-Atlantic, where it shut down much of the nation's capital.
A dramatic weather pattern change marked the first days of 2022 across the Southeast and mid-Atlantic, replacing the 80-degree warmth in some locations with an all-out snowstorm. The onslaught of the first accumulating snow of the season for many left several cities along the East Coast nearly shut down, snarled traffic, left nearly 1 million without power on Monday and has been blamed for at least one fatality, according to officials.
The storm unleashed hefty snow amounts across parts of Tennessee and North Carolina, with accumulations climbing to 9.0 inches in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, and 11.0 inches in Swiss, North Carolina. Even areas as far south as Alabama were hit with a blast of wintry weather, and Moores Mill, Alabama, picked up 7.0 inches of snow.
Boy died after dog attack in remote Northern Territory, Australia
Aaron Bunch
Bega District News
A young boy who died after going missing from a remote central Australian desert community was mauled during an "horrific" dog attack.
The three-year-old's family reported his absence on Friday evening about 11am after searching Hermannsburg, southwest of Alice Springs, for several hours.
Northern Territory police joined the search late on New Year's Eve and an officer found the injured child about 9am on Saturday.
He was taken to the local health clinic but died before he could be treated.
6.2 magnitude earthquake hits Taiwan, tremors felt in capital city
A strong earthquake struck off the coast of eastern Taiwan on Monday evening with shaking felt in the capital Taipei, but authorities said there were no immediate reports of widespread damage or injuries.
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said the quake measured 6.2 in magnitude and hit at a depth of 28 kilometres (17 miles).
The epicentre was given in the sea 64 kilometres east of the coastal city of Hualien.
Taiwan's fire service said initial impact reports were limited to a handful of people stuck in elevators who had since been rescued.
Man dies after Chicago dog attack, officials say
A 34-year-old man was fatally mauled by dogs on the Far South Side, officials said Saturday.
Police were called to a residence in the 300 block of West 108th Place in the Roseland neighborhood about 11:30 pm. Thursday and found the still-unidentified man in a living room, with "visible dog bites" about the body, police said.
An autopsy Saturday determined the man died of multiple injuries from a dog mauling, according to the Cook County medical examiner's office. His death was ruled an accident.
Three dogs - two pit bulls and one American Bully, were found inside the home and city's department of animal control and care was notified, police said.
3 tornadoes confirmed in Kentucky after severe weather in the Mid-South on Saturday
Andrew Wulfeck
© 98.7 WHOP FM
98.7 WHOP FM in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, reports significant damage from a possible tornado on the east side of the town near East Ninth and Campbell streets. No immediate reports of significant injuries.
The first storm system of 2022 produced severe storms and flooding rains from Arkansas to the Mid-Atlantic, ahead of a major cool down that will remind residents in the eastern half of the nation that the country is in the heart of winter.
Some of the areas that were hardest hit included northern Alabama, Tennessee and southern Kentucky where wind damage and flooding were reported. At least three tornadoes have been confirmed in Kentucky as of Sunday morning.
The National Weather Service in Paducah, Kentucky, said a survey team has found damage consistent with an EF-2 tornado in Hopkinsville. While the survey will continue, preliminary information showed winds were near 115 mph with a part of about 125 yards.
Nancy Pelosi's son was involved in FIVE companies probed by the feds, connects him to a slew of fraudsters and convicted criminals
'Prayers answered' after synagogue hostages rescued, suspect dead in Colleyville, Texas
Russia makes vaccine passports policy change
Meteor fireball over Germany and other countries on January 1
Omicron in Scotland: Covid case rates lowest in unvaccinated, double-jabbed elderly are driving rise in hospital admissions
Scotland reveals how many Omicron patients needed intensive care
This can be done in the best way possible with a little effort from the managers [Link]
ronyboy
We have the best idea on what we can achieve this year see [Link]
Tend to think that most of the world needs regime change.
This has been one of the most common things we can do to ensure the success of this project. Check out my [Link]
Dr. Stefan Lanka: "All claims about viruses as pathogens are false" [Link]


Irwin Mitchell have secured £80,000 in compensation on behalf of the estate of their late client who developed mesothelioma - the asbestos related cancer - as a result of his occupational exposure to the substance over 50 years earlier.
Mr B sadly passed away as a result of his condition at the age of 77. As a young man he was employed by Swansea Electricity Company in 1958 for a period of five to six weeks as a general labourer at Tir John Power Station in Swansea.
During this time, Mr B was responsible for cleaning up different areas of the power station including a very large boiler room located next to the turbine house; he went into the boiler room every day and was exposed to significant amounts of asbestos dust and fibres which got onto his hands, face and clothes. The boiler room contained a large amount of steam pipework and ducting, the majority of which was lagged with asbestos lagging. Next to the large boiler room was the turbine house in which turbines were also insulated with asbestos lagging.
Mr B worked in close proximity to laggers who mixed asbestos powder in large gallon drums on site with water to form a paste and plastered it onto the turbines. Sacks of asbestos were tipped into drums which caused clouds of asbestos dust and fibres to be released into the work environment and Mr B was heavily exposed to the dust.
Mr B later commenced employment with British Petroleum at its oil refinery in Neath, Wales as a general labourer, from 1958 until 1960. The boilers, ducting and tanks of the oil refinery were also lagged with asbestos. Mr B's job was to maintain the various industrial plants throughout the refinery and dispose of industrial waste which included large amounts of asbestos lagging and debris. He would frequently clean up after maintenance engineers and laggers who had carried out repairs on defective pipe work, ducting and tanks. He was also required to load old asbestos lagging and debris into a truck and to dispose of it at a landfill site. As a result Mr B came into contact with significant quantities of asbestos dust and fibres which got onto his hands, face and clothes.
Mr B developed progressive respiratory symptoms including chest pain and shortness of breath. He was subsequently diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma.
Irwin Mitchell were instructed and Mr B was able to give a very detailed account of his work history, including the circumstances of his exposure to asbestos, which was documented in a witness statement he signed a little over a week before he passed away.
Irwin Mitchell commenced their investigations, obtaining Mr B's medical records, identifying the defendants and insurers, and opening negotiations.
As Mr B had worked for both employers such a long time ago, it proved difficult to obtain records of his employment. It was also difficult to identify the correct modern company who were responsible for his employment at Tir John, as over the years the power station had gone through a series of ownership changes as a result of the electricity sector's privatisation.
Formal court proceedings were issued and the case was eventually concluded when a settlement was agreed with the defendants' solicitors.
"My father was very sick at the time he instigated his claim and Irwin Mitchell sensitively helped him piece together his memories. The statement my father made gave my brother and I an insight into his life as a young man and the dreadful working conditions he had to endure in order to support his young family.


We're usually blown away by the realism captured in most official LEGO sculptures, but the essence of the Evil Empire isn't looming over LEGOLAND.
Whether they fight with light sabers or their bare hands, our bets are on the mild-mannered guy in the plaid shirt and shorts!
(Photojournalist David Pryke recently captured Darth Vader's army at the Berlin Wall).


While getting financing for your business can feel promising and exciting—considering how it could help your business grow—it can also feel overwhelming and stressful. Where do you start your search? How long will the process take? How much paperwork is involved?
No one wants to invest hours or days into something that won't be successful, so before you start your financing search, do your research on what lenders require to even consider your loan application.
Sounds daunting, but don't worry—we've got you covered. Let's break down the absolute minimums needed to qualify for the most popular small business loan types.
Generally speaking, lenders look for a certain combination of factors in order to meet their risk profile for a small business loan. While their requirements of each factor will vary, lenders pretty much all consider how long you have been in business, your revenue, your personal credit score, profitability, history of bankruptcy, credit card volume, your accounts receivable, and any existing debt you already have in play.
Startup loans are usually in the form of a line of credit or an equipment loan. They are an attractive option for young businesses because they are one of the most lenient loan types, with some lenders requiring zero revenue and no time in business.
Sound too good to be true? They aren't—but they do require near-perfect credit to secure. The minimum FICO credit score for a startup loan is on the higher end at 700 or more.
Invoice financing is perhaps the next most lenient loan type overall. This loan is best for businesses who find themselves frequently strapped for cash due to late-paying customers. With invoice financing, a lender would loan you a portion of the amount of the invoice due (so you can stop waiting on the cash you need to make ends meet!), and you pay the debt back, plus fees, after your invoices are settled.
To qualify for invoice financing, you need to be in business at least six months and have $50,000 in revenue. The credit score requirement is more liberal than a startup loan at 500+, and profitability is not required. You may even qualify for an invoice loan despite having filed bankruptcy.
Short-term loans differ from more traditional business loans in that they are generally for less money, have drastically shorter repayment periods, and you often find you'll pay the lender back daily or weekly rather than monthly.
Short-term lenders require six months or more in business and at least $65,000 in revenue. Similar to an invoice financing loan, profitability is not required and the FICO score requirement is lower than other loan types at 500+. Owners who have filed for bankruptcy may still qualify for a short-term loan after a waiting period of one year or more.
An arm of the U.S. Government, the SBA's purpose is to help drive the economy by giving small business owners access to the capital they need.
Through an SBA-guaranteed loan, you can borrow money for a variety of business purposes, including adding to working capital, purchasing inventory or equipment, refinancing other debts, buying real estate, or even financing the acquisition of other businesses.
Compared to the other loan types mentioned above, SBA lenders require more time in business at a minimum of two years. Their minimum FICO score is 640 or higher are relatively lenient. The wait time after filing for bankruptcy is three years before you could quality for this particular loan product. Although this is seen as the minimums for the product, SBA loans are still pretty tough to qualify for, but are one of the lowest-cost products on the market.
For the most part, any trustworthy lender is looking at the same factors to determine which loan products you qualify for, but how they choose to weight each factor varies. Knowing where your business stands financially can help you quickly assess all of the options available to you, streamline your research into different loan products, and prep a knockout application that will get you the financing you need to grow your business.
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Congrats to Maurice O' Brien and Helen Beecher on their recent wins in the Deise Draw.
Last Saturday we travelled the long journey to Passage to take on the local team in the quarter final of the minor hurling championship.Passage having topped their group in the East were going to be formidable opponents. Playing with the wind in the first half we settled early and the first 15 minutes were closely contested and the scores stood at 5 points apiece . Our boys then took control and we led at half time 15 points to 8 . It was the next quarter that our lads played some fantastic hurling and we increased our lead to 1 - 19 to 10 points, the goal coming from Ben Aherne in the 44th minute . Passage to their credit didn't give up and pushed us all the way but we came out deserving winners in the end .Team: Cathal Hunt , William Cunningham , Dean Beecher , Eoin Lenehan , Ivan O Neill , Sean Henley , Liam Motherway 0-1 , Eoin McGrath0-1 , Tom Dalton 0-3, Ciaran McCarthy 0-1 , Kieran Crawford 0-2 , Ben Ahearne1-0 ,Padraig Hynes , Mark Stuart 0-3 , Mark Dalton 0-11 , Ciaran Hunt , Jake Chambers .
Div 2 u21 football county final Cois Bhríde v Portlaw/Ballyduff Lower Saturday October 6th at 1.30pm in Bushy Park. Your support would be greatly appreciated.
The u13s participated in the inaugural Shane Gleeson Tournament. They played Fourmilewater, Naomh Brìd and St.Mollerans. Well done to all involved.
The u7s were in action in Killeagh last weekend and the u8s in Youghal. They played some great hurling and football and thoroughly enjoyed themselves.


text:
Mary Louise Booth (19 de abril de 1831–5 de marzo de 1889) fue una editora, traductora y escritora estadounidense. Fue la primera editora responsable de la revista de moda femenina Harper's Bazaar.

A la edad de 18 años, dejó su hogar para irse a la ciudad de Nueva York y aprendió el oficio de fabricante de chalecos. Dedicaba todas sus tardes a estudiar y a escribir. Contribuyó con cuentos y bocetos a varios periódicos y revistas, pero no se le pagó por sus trabajos. Comenzó a hacer reportajes y reseñas de libros para revistas educativas y literarias, todavía sin ninguna remuneración, pero feliz de que, ocasionalmente, le pagaran a cambio de libros. Mary Louise Booth dijo: «Es mi universidad y debo aprender sobre mi negocio antes de poder exigir un pago».

A medida que pasaba el tiempo, recibió numerosas asignaciones literarias. Además, amplió su círculo de amigos para aquellos que comenzaban a apreciar sus habilidades. En 1859, aceptó escribir una historia de Nueva York, pero incluso entonces, no pudo entregarse por completo, aunque había dejado de fabricar chalecos y escribía doce horas al día. Cuando tenía treinta años, aceptó el puesto de copista del doctor J. Marion Sims, y ese fue el primer trabajo literario por el que recibió un sueldo fijo. Ahora podía arreglárselas sin la ayuda de su padre y vivir de sus recursos en Nueva York, aunque de manera muy sencilla.

En 1861, al comienzo de la Guerra Civil, adquirió las hojas de avance, en francés, de Uprising of a Great People (Levantamiento de un Gran Pueblo) de Agénor de Gasparin (Levantamiento de un gran pueblo). Trabajando veinte horas al día, realizó la traducción del libro completo en menos de una semana y se fue publicado en quince días. El libro causó una gran sensación entre los norteños y recibió cartas de agradecimiento del senador estadounidense Charles Sumner y del presidente Abraham Lincoln. Una vez más, recibió poca compensación por el trabajo realizado. Mientras la guerra duró, hizo traducciones de muchos libros del francés al inglés, pensados para despertar el sentimiento patriótico, y fue, de un momento para otro, convocada a Washington, D C dirigidas hacia los hombres de estado, alojándose solamente en un hotel. En ese momento le facilitó a su padre conseguir el puesto de secretario en la Aduana de Nueva York.

Al final de la guerra civil, Booth había demostrado ser tan apta como escritora que los señores Harper le ofrecieron la dirección editorial de Harper's Bazaar.con sede en la ciudad de Nueva Yorkcargo en el que trabajó desde sus inicios en 1867 hasta su muerte. Al principio se mostró tímida en cuanto a sus habilidades, pero finalmente aceptó la responsabilidad, y fue principalmente gracias a ella que la revista se hizo tan popular. Mientras que mantuvo su carácter de periódico hogareño, aumentó constantemente su influencia y circulación, y el éxito de Booth se logró con el del periódico que ella editó. Se dice que recibió un salario más alto que cualquier mujer en los Estados Unidos en ese momento. Murió, tras una breve enfermedad, el 5 de marzo de 1889

Etapa formativa
Mary Louise Booth nació en Millville, en la actual Yaphank, Nueva York, el 19 de abril de 1831. Sus padres fueron William Chatfield Booth y Nancy Monswell.

La madre de Booth era de origen francés,  nieta de un refugiado de la Revolución Francesa.  El padre de Booth era descendiente de uno de los primeros colonos, John Booth, quien llegó a los Estados Unidos en 1649, un pariente del político inglés Sir George Booth. En 1652, John Booth compró Shelter Island a los nativos americanos, por  de calicó.  Durante al menos 200 años, la familia permaneció cerca.  William Chatfield Booth, durante algunos años, proporcionó vigilantes nocturnos para varias empresas importantes de Nueva York.  Junto con Mary Louise, otra hija y dos hijos componían el resto de su familia, siendo el menor de los hijos el coronel Charles A. Booth, quien más tarde pasó veinte años en el ejército.

Mary Louise Booth se caracterizó por ser una niña prematura, a tal punto que, cuando se le preguntaba, una vez confesó que no recordaba más haber aprendido a leer ni francés ni inglés que haber aprendido a hablar. Como dijo su madre, tan pronto como pudo caminar, Booth siempre la seguía, libro en mano, rogando que le enseñaran a leer cuentos por sí misma. Antes de cumplir los cinco años, había terminado de leer la Biblia. También leyó Plutarco a temprana edad y, a los siete años, había dominado Racine en el idioma original, con lo cual comenzó a estudiar latín con su padre.  A partir de ese momento, fue una lectora infatigable, dedicada a los libros más que al juego. Su padre tenía una biblioteca considerable. Antes de su undécimo cumpleaños, se había familiarizado con Hume, Gibbon, Alison y escritores similares.

En este momento, Booth ingresó en el colegio. Sus padres hicieron todo lo posible para su educación, y su fuerza física fue suficiente para llevarla a través de un curso ininterrumpido en diferentes academias y una serie de lecciones con maestros en casa. Se preocupaba más por los idiomas y las ciencias naturales, en las que era muy competente, que por la mayoría de los otros estudios, y no sentía un placer especial por las matemáticas.  En el colegio, Booth aprendió menos de lo que aprendió por sí misma. Era tan solo una niña cuando aprendió francés por sí sola, después de haber encontrado un libro para niños en ese mismo idioma. Se interesó en deletrear las palabras en francés y compararlas con las inglesas, y continuó estudiando de esta manera. Más tarde, adquirió el alemán con el mismo método. Al ser autodidacta y no escuchar ninguno de los dos idiomas, nunca aprendió a hablarlos, pero se volvió tan competente en los próximos años, que pudo traducir casi cualquier libro del alemán o del francés, leyéndolos en voz alta en inglés.

Cuando Booth tenía alrededor de trece años, la familia se mudó a Brooklyn, Nueva York,  y allí su padre planeó la apertura de la primera escuela pública que se estableció en esa ciudad. Mary ayudó a su padre a enseñar en la escuela. Nunca pudo convencerse del todo de que ella fuera capaz de ser su propio apoyo financiero, y siempre insistió en darle generosos obsequios.  En 1845 y 1846, enseñó en la escuela de su padre en Williamsburg, Nueva York, pero abandonó esa búsqueda debido a su salud, y se dedicó a la literatura.

A medida que Booth creció, su determinación de hacer de la literatura su profesión se hizo muy fuerte. Como era la mayor de cuatro hermanos, su padre no creía que fuera justo para los demás darle más que su justa proporción de ayuda, ya que los demás también podrían, con el tiempo, necesitar ayuda. En consecuencia, cuando tenía dieciocho años, Booth decidió que era necesario para su trabajo que estuviera en Nueva York, ya que no podía depender completamente de su padre.

Inicios de su carrera
Una amiga que era fabricante de chalecos, se ofreció a enseñarle el oficio a Booth, y esto le permitió trasladarse a Nueva York. Alquiló una pequeña habitación en la ciudad donde vivía y trabajaba. Los domingos viajaba a Williamsburg, ya que en esos días no se podía hacer en menos de tres horas. Su familia simpatizaba tan poco por su obra literaria que rara vez la mencionaba en casa.

Booth escribió cuentos y bocetos para periódicos y revistas. Realizó la traducción del francés The Marble-Worker's Manual (El manual del marmolista), Nueva York, 1856 y The Clock and Watch Maker's Manual (El reloj y el manual del relojero). También hizo lo mismo con André Chénier de Joseph Méry y The King of the Mountains (El rey de las montañas) de Edmond François Valentin About para Emerson's Magazine, que también publicó los artículos originales de Booth. Más adelante trabajó la traducción del artículo Secret History of the French Court (Historia secreta de la corte francesa) de Victor Cousin: o Life and Times of Madame de Chevreuse (Vida y época de Madame de Chevreuse) en 1859. Ese mismo año, apareció la primera edición de su History of the City of New York, (Historia de la ciudad de Nueva York) que fue el resultado de una gran investigación. A continuación, ayudó a Orlando Williams Wight a realizar una serie de traducciones de los clásicos franceses, y también trabajó en la de About's Germanie (Boston, 1860).

Un amigo le había sugerido a Booth que nunca se había escrito una historia completa de la ciudad de Nueva York y que estaría bien preparar una historia así para uso escolar. Booth inició el proyecto y, después de algunos años, terminó un borrador que, a demanda de un editor, se convirtió en la base de una de las obras más importantes sobre el mismo tema.  Durante su trabajo, Booth tuvo acceso completo a bibliotecas y archivos. Washington Irving le envió una carta alentadora, y D.T. Valentine, Henry B. Dawson, William John Davis, Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan y muchos otros le proporcionaron documentos y asistencia. "Mi querida señorita Booth", escribió el historiador Benson John Lossing, "los ciudadanos de Nueva York le deben gratitud por esta popular historia de la vida de la gran metrópolis, que contiene tantos hechos importantes de su historia incluidos en un volumen accesible para todos. Felicitarles por la finalización de la tarea y la admirable manera en que se ha realizado".  La historia de la ciudad de Nueva York de Booth apareció en un gran volumen. Fue tan bien recibido que el editor propuso que Booth se fuera al extranjero y escribiera historias populares de las grandes capitales europeas, como Londres, París, Berlín y Viena . Aunque el futuro parecía prometedor para la joven escritora, la llegada de la guerra civil y otras circunstancias le impidieron viajar.

Guerra civil
Poco después de la publicación de la primera edición de esta obra, estalló la guerra civil. Booth siempre había sido antiesclavista y simpatizante de los movimientos por lo que ella consideraba progreso.  Booth se alistó en el lado de la Unión y anhelaba hacer algo para contribuir con la causa. Sin embargo, no se sentía cualificada para actuar como enfermera en hospitales militares.

Después de recibir una copia anticipada de Un Grand Peuple Qui Se Releve ("Uprising of a Great People") del Conde Agénor de Gasparin, vio de inmediato su oportunidad de como podía ayudar. Le llevó el trabajo a Charles Scribner y le propuso publicarlo. El editor aceptó a condición de que la traducción estuviera lista en una semana. Booth se fue a casa y se puso a trabajar, recibió las hojas de prueba por la noche y las devolvió con una copia nueva por la mañana. En una semana terminó la traducción y en quince días se publicó el libro. El volumen causó más sensación que cualquier otro de esta índole publicado durante la guerra. La prensa se llenó de críticas y anuncios, elogiosos y de otra índole, según el partido representado. "Vale toda una falange por la causa de la libertad humana", escribió el senador Sumner.

La publicación de la traducción puso a Booth en contacto con Gasparin y su esposa, quienes le rogaron que los visitara en Suiza. Una segunda edición de la historia se publicó en 1867, y una tercera, revisada, apareció en 1880. Una extensa edición en papel de la obra fue tomada por conocidos coleccionistas de libros, ampliada e ilustrada con impresiones complementarias, retratos, y autógrafos.  Una copia, ampliada a folio y extendida a nueve volúmenes con varios miles de mapas, cartas y otras ilustraciones, eran propiedad de la ciudad de Nueva York. Otro era propiedad de Booth, enriquecido con más de dos mil ilustraciones en hojas insertadas.

Rápida y sucesivamente aparecieron las traducciones de Booth de Gasparin's America before Europe (América antes que Europa), Nueva York, 1861, Paris in America (París en América), Nueva York, 1865 de Édouard René de Laboulaye y Results of Emancipation and Results of Slavery (Resultados de la emancipación y resultados de la esclavitud) de Augustin Cochin (Boston, 1862). Por este trabajo, recibió elogios y aliento del presidente Lincoln, el senador Sumner y otros estadistas. Durante toda la guerra mantuvo correspondencia con Cochin, Gasparin, Laboulaye, Henri Martin, Charles Forbes René de Montalembert y otros simpatizantes de la Unión Europea. En ese momento, también realizó la traducción the Countess de Gasparin's Vesper, Camille y Human Sorrows (Vesper, Camille y dolores humanos) de la condesa de Gasparin's Happiness (Felicidad) del conde Gasparin. Los documentos que fueron enviados por los franceses de la Unión Europea fueron traducidos y publicados en folletos, administrados por el Union League Club o impresos en las revistas de Nueva York. Booth trabajó en la traducción de Martin's History of France (Historia de Francia). Los dos volúmenes que tratan de La época de Luis XIV se publicaron en 1864, y otros dos, el último de los diecisiete volúmenes de la obra original, en 1866, bajo el título de The Decline of the French Monarchy (La decadencia de la monarquía francesa). Se pretendía darles continuación con los otros volúmenes desde el principio, pero, aunque realizó la traducción de otros dos, el proyecto fue abandonado y no se imprimieron más volúmenes. Su traducción del compendio de la Martin's History of France (Historia de Francia) apareció en 1880. También trabajó la traducción de Laboulaye's Fairy Book (Libro de hadas), Jean Macé's Fairy Tales (Cuentos de hadas), y Blaise Pascal's Lettres provinciales (Provincial Letters). Recibió cientos de cartas de agradecimiento por parte de los estadistas: Henry Winter Davis, el senador James Rood Doolittle, Galusha A. Grow, Francis Lieber, Bell, el presidente de la Comisión Sanitaria y entre otros, como Cassius M. Clay y el fiscal general James Speed. Sus traducciones llegaron a casi cuarenta volúmenes. Booth había pensado en añadir a este número, a petición de James T. Fields, un resumen de la voluminosa Histoire de ma vie (Historia de mi vida) de George Sand; las circunstancias, sin embargo, impidieron la finalización de la obra.

Harper's Bazaar

En 1867, emprendió otro proyecto al asumir la dirección de Harper's Bazaar, un diario semanal dedicado al placer y la mejora del hogar. Durante mucho tiempo mantuvo buenas relaciones con los Harper, los cuatro hermanos que fundaron la revista que lleva su nombre y que dirigían su negocio.

Bajo su dirección en la editorial tuvo mucho éxito, contando con cien mil suscriptores. Si bien tenía asistentes en todos los departamentos, la misma Booth fue la inspiración de todo el equipo. La influencia de un periódico de este tipo en los hogares estadounidenses fue muy apreciada. A través de sus columnas, su editora hizo sentir su presencia en innumerables familias durante casi dieciséis años y ayudó a moldear la vida doméstica de una generación.

Vida personal
Booth vivió en la ciudad de Nueva York, en el vecindario de Central Park, en una de sus propiedades, con su compañera de toda la vida, Anne W. Wright, una amistad que comenzó en la niñez.  Su casa estaba bien adaptada para el entretenimiento. Siempre había invitados, y en el salón, todos los sábados por la noche, se celebraba una asamblea de autores, cantantes, intérpretes, músicos, estadistas, viajeros, editores y periodistas.

Booth murió en Nueva York después de una breve enfermedad el 5 de marzo de 1889.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Traductores del francés al inglés
Mujeres periodistas de Estados Unidos
Historiadoras de Estados Unidos
Editores literarios de Estados Unidos
Traductores de Estados Unidos del siglo XIX

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
MEN'S WATCHES DEWITT
Academia Skeleton
DeWitt's new Academia Skeleton watch is the latest addition to the Geneva Manufacture's series of emblematic watch creations. The watchmaker returns to its roots by developing a new movement with a strong character that embodies DeWitt both in its aesthetics and in its functions.
For the manually wound skeleton movement, Jérôme de Witt has chosen a highly complex mathematical structure. The power reserve system is based on the satellite principle already created for the Tourbillon Differentiel model, which won an award in the innovation category at the Grand Prix de l'Horlogerie de Genève in 2005. The power reserve is indicated by an arrow located on this differential, which is in constant rotation. The power reserve, with its indicator at 1 o'clock, has been expanded to over 100 hours thanks to the use of a double barrel. The three-dimensional bridge in which it is housed is itself crafted in the form of a car wheel-rim, a field of inspiration that has often been explored by the brand. The most distinctive particularity of the movement, however, lies in its bi-directional seconds at 7 o'clock. The seconds hand changes direction after 30 seconds thanks to a disconnecting gear system, and performs an instantaneous jump that sends it in the opposite direction to mark the following 30 seconds. The seconds are therefore indicated in two different directions, which gives the seconds hand a totally new way of moving. The principle is that of windscreen-wipers of certain sophisticated cars, constantly moving backwards and forwards to clear the entire windscreen surface. So as to highlight these disparate elements, each of which is marked out in its own way by a distinctive design and construction, the "black gold" colour tone skeleton displays a harmonious aesthetic that inspires a sense of purity.
Great care and attention has been paid to the quality of the hand-crafted finishes and the bridges with their indented angles. This manually wound movement is made up of 263 parts. It is housed in the new Academia case, with a diameter of 42.5 mm. The alternating rose gold and rubber serve to recreate the famous imperial columns that are a characteristic feature of the watchmaker. The total thickness of the case is only 10.3 mm. On the case back, the sapphire crystal reveals the wheels sculptured in relief, giving the movement a sense of volume and perspective.
Like all DeWitt timepieces, the Academia Skeleton watch meets the very highest standards of finishing adopted by the Manufacture right from its origins: hand-crafted finishes, satin-brushed finishes, circular graining, polished chamfering and indented angles. This latest and highly inventive watchmaking creation is a true embodiment of the DeWitt spirit.
https://i1.wp.com/www.watchespedia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/thumb_4074_default_imageRatio-1.jpeg?fit=768%2C560&ssl=1 560 768 WATCHESPEDIA https://www.watchespedia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/logoneww.png WATCHESPEDIA2018-06-29 04:00:002019-04-11 08:20:01Academia Skeleton
Harry Winston Emerald The Royale Bespoke collection puts on its summer clothes…


The biggest changes to trade union rights for 30 years have been unveiled by the government. Under the new law, strikes affecting 'core' public services like education, firefighting, transport, border security and energy sectors will need the support of 40 per cent of union members to go ahead, and all union ballots will need a turnout of over 50 per cent for any resulting strike action to be considered valid.
In the Budget this month, the Government announced the introduction of a National Living Wage next April. The National Living Wage will be a new minimum wage for employees aged 25 and over, and it will start at £7.20 and rising to £9 an hour by 2020.
This is partly to moderate the impact of in-work benefit cuts. It is a large increase from the current minimum wage which is £6.50 for those aged over 21. According to the Office for Budget Responsibility, the move is expected to boost the wages of six million people in work but the Government have acknowledged that it may have a small negative impact on employment. It marks a shift away from the traditional approach to the minimum wage which was set independently of government by the Low Pay Commission.
The TUC welcomed the Living Wage announcement but said the Chancellor was "giving with one hand taking with the other" and "massive cuts in support for working people will hit families with children hardest." Business groups gave Mr Osborne's Living Wage announcement a mixed reaction, with the Institute of Directors saying it was "time for companies to increase pay" but Katja Hall, director general of the CBI saying: "The chancellor is taking quite a gamble by introducing a living wage…what happens if there is an economic shock?" Others have highlighted the fact that the National Living Wage will be below the Living Wage – the amount calculated by the Living Wage Foundation according to the cost of living, which stands at £7.85 an hour, or £9.15 in London.
Joint research from professors of HR Management, Nick Bacon, from Cass Business School, and Kim Hoque, from Warwick Business School found that union crackdown could be disadvantageous to increase UK productivity. Their research, based on the government-sponsored Workplace Employment Relations Survey data (WERS 2011), proposed that reducing trade union facility time is likely to have a negative effect on UK workforces, especially in the public sector, where trade union membership is still high. Additionally, they also found that public sector staff performed better when a union representative was present in the workplace.


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Nature's wonderful creatures inspire this design by John Barrow. Symbolizing longevity and wisdom, a colorful tortoise makes any place its home. The sculpture is carved by hand from ishpingo wood creating the illusion of a grand puzzle.
Artfully crafted by John Barrow from Andes.


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The art of randomization

  06 Apr 2017

We all know that drugs are used as treatments for diseases, right? But did you think about how, scientifically, it is shown that drugs actually benefits and but not harms? Before my biostats education, I was naively imagining that since we know what causes the disease and which part of the body it affects etc., scientist are producing chemicals to cure the diseases. But, of course, this was so naive and human body is so complicated, and mostly we don't know even the causes of the diseases. Then, I learned that, clinical studies are conducted to show whether a drug works or not 1.

Let`s imagine that if anybody who developed a disease die without exception (in other words outcome of disease is invariable). Then, if we give our drug to one diseased person, and to see that he/she lives, that would be an indication for the value of drug. But we know that the outcome of disease, patients and their reaction to drugs are all vary.

So, we need to give the drug to many patients, and then analyse the results. But do we need a representative sample of the patients from whole population (for example from one country) to obtain unbiased results? Finding such people would be very hard. But still, let say we found 100 people who are representative, and give them drugs. By the way, let assume that our aim is reducing the blood pressure, so we took the number of diastolic blood pressure from 100 people before they receive the drug (baseline) and after they receive it (follow-up). So, below figure is the difference of the number of diastolic blood pressure from baseline to follow-up:

OK, results are almost all negative, that means blood pressure is decreasing (which was our aim), so we can conclude that drug works, right? Actually, no. The thing is although patients are recovered, we don't know which of the patients who recover do so because of the drug or because they would have done so anyway. Therefore, we need another 100 patients who enter the clinical trial but do not take the drug: so-called control group (treatment group was the first one). Here, an important point is that the baseline of the treatment group and control group should be similar, otherwise the results may depend on the baseline, that mean we won`t get any reliable results.

One way to get comparable groups is that taking two representative samples from whole population, and making one group treatment group and the other control group. But this is way more costly and hard.

Another option is the randomization. If there are 200 patients who are eligible to enter the experiment, we randomly assign them to either control group or treatment group (randomized controlled trial (RCT)). Now we have comparable groups. Then, we see results like that

One of the coolest thing with RCTs is that we don't need any representative sample from whole population. Let me explain why.

Below you see a diagram which explains how patients are entered to an RCT.

At the top you see population P. We want to know whether drug works in population P. But then, we have some patients who are eligible to trial (Sample A), lastly we have Sample B which includes the eligible patients who give their consent to enter the RCT (Treatment 1 is control group and Treatment 2 is treatment group).

Let say, the outcome measured on each individual (for example blood pressure) is a random variable . Say  (if we do not give any drug to sample B) and  where  is true treatment effect (if we give the drug to sample B). And let say,  and  are mean of control group and treatment group (after randomization).

Then,  and , since both control group and treatment groups are random sample from Sample B. Then, . Statistically speaking we have an unbiased estimate of treatment effect .
As you see, we did not care that sample B (or A) is a random sample from population P. Even if  in population P is very different from , our estimate of  is still unbiased.

Another important feature of a RCT is that by design, possible confounding factors are controlled. This is the crucial difference between observational studies and RCTs. Because of these and some other important reasons, RCTs are generally considered as gold standard. But sometimes it is just not possible to conduct an RCT. For example, you wonder if there is an association between smoking and lung cancer. So what you need is that finding  people, and after randomization you need to force half of them to smoke, right? But of course this is completely unethical. So in similar scenarios, and also because RCTs are more costly than observation studies, we have to make use of observational studies. Therefore, in general, when we want to generalize our results from the sample to target population, we either need the randomization (Randomized clinical trial) or representative sample (observational studies).

Lastly, there is another source of evidence which is regarded even more reliable than an RCT, and I will try to explain it in the next post.

Note: I took the diagram and definitions from the book: "Introduction to Randomized
Controlled Clinical Trials" (Second edition) written by John N. S. Matthews.

Actually, a better question may be what is the magnitude of the treatment effect and what is the uncertainty attached to it, but this is not the main point of the post. ↩

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What are the most fun kind of valentines? The ones you make yourself! These cute playing card valentines are super easy to make and lots of fun too. They are easy enough for kids to make themselves, but perfect for grown-ups (especially those who love to play cards) too. You can usually get a package of two decks of 52 playing cards at the dollar store for only $1.
We only used regular typing paper for our cards, but construction paper or cardstock will make a sturdier valentine. The other thing I plan to differently when I make these cards again is to use a paper cutter to more easily cut straight lines. I don't know why I didn't think to take mine out of the closet this time! If you do scrapbooking you probably already have a paper cutter, if not you can find one for under $20 here.
Cut paper in halves or in fourths. Use a glue stick to attach playing cards to valentines. Write phrases on Valentines using markers. Choose from phrases listed below or create your own.
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This man walks on to the baseball practice field in Alexandria, Virginia and shoots some Republican Party members of Congress. Confusion and outrage rule the day, the House and the Senate call out for total unity against such actions and pray for the quick recovery for those injured. Muslims in the meantime, breathed a collective sigh of relief, thanking God the shooter was not Muslim.
Hours later, the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs subcommittee hearing convened…to discuss Muslim extremism! As far as our Congress is concerned, it is still all about violence by "Muzlems" and that sums up the threat to the United States. Shooting violence by non-Muslims is not an issue because that takes the focus away from Islam and Muslims; lets keep the fires of Islamophobia stoked because Hate and Fear are what unite this great country.


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Last edited by Henk on Thu Dec 04, 2014 8:04 pm, edited 1 time in total.


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1. What's New in the Press Office?
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"Friends and comrades, the light has gone out of our lives, and there is darkness everywhere, and I do not quite know what to tell you or how to say it. Our beloved leader, the father of the nation, is no more." - Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on the death of Mahatma Gandhi in January 30th 1948.
As the chilled weather blanketed India with the fond memories of the most loved Bapu, the world closely looked at his last remains (ashes) in the golden urn that was in its final hours of display. What a way to mark Mahatma Gandhi's 60th death anniversary.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, also known as the Mahatma or Great Soul was assassinated by Nathuram Godse as he was walking to his evening prayer at the grounds of Delhi's Birla House. The violent death of a man who steadfastly preached and practiced non-violence, shocked the whole wide world. A political scientist describes the killing as the last 'moral assassination' in South Asia.
While the assassinator might have succeeded in taking away his life as punishment for "desecrating mother India", but he failed to kill his powerful legacy which inspired people like, Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela. Even after 60 years his popularity remains undiminished.
Mahatma Gandhi's ashes were returned by a Dubai businessman whose father had kept them for decades. His mortal remains were paid homage before they were scattered over the Arabian Sea this morning in th presence of Governor, the deputy chief minister and other dignitaries. By returning the ashes to the water, the Gandhi family believe they are fulfilling his own wishes that no part of him be kept for eternity.
It was believed that all of Mahatma Gandhi's ashes were meant to have been immersed in the river Ganges in 1948. But many of the urns were secreted away by his ardent lover and followers who wished to glorify him in death. The ashes were sent to towns and villages across the country and also abroad for memorial services. But some of them were never returned.
In August 2006, Bharat Narayan, a Dubai-based businessman, handed the ashes which had been with his parents since 1948 into the care of Mani Bhavan Gandhi Sangralaya. Narayan's parents Madalasaben and Shriman Narayan are stated to have been Mahatma's close associates in the past.


After a weeklong preliminary hearing, four of five youths arrested in the Lincoln Park "hibiscus" murder case were today held to answer to Superior Court by Municipal Judge Arthur Guerin.
Freed after the hearing was Ephrem "Baby Face" Olivas, 18, who was named by the four others as the slayer of Naomi Tullis Cook, 52, whose beaten body was found under a clump of hibiscus bushes in the park near the men's restroom.
Held without bail were Gilbert "Maestro" Martinez, 17; Leandro "Wero" Lujan, 15; Benjamin "Jesse James" Valenzuela, 16; and Vincent "Bill" Arias, 18.
Defense attorneys charged that confessions were obtained through brutality, which was denied. Olivas was turned free when the court ruled that confessions by accomplices, not supported by corroborative evidence, could not be introduced. Mrs. Cook was killed by a heavy blow with a bolt.
Here's another of L.A.'s famous floral murders, apparently ignored by The Times and run as a sidebar to the Dahlia case in the Examiner. The nicknames add an interesting bit of color and the obvious implication that these teenagers are thugs. The Examiner had absolutely no qualms about reporting the names of juveniles accused of a crime. I imagine "Wero" is actually "Huero," a slang term for a light-skinned individual. The Cook murder was never solved.
Bonus factoid: Otto Klemperer gets a rave review in The Times for conducting a Bach concert at Philharmonic Auditorium. Later in the year, Klemperer will go club crawling to hear jazz on Central Avenue and bad things will happen.
This entry was posted in 1947, Comics, Crime and Courts, Music and tagged 1947, comics, crime and courts, quote of the day, Red Hibiscus Murder. Bookmark the permalink.
There is so little on this crime and many of the other sidebar crimes that parallel the black dahlia killings Race is part of it, i suppose. Nothing on Tate on google. I wonder if the Sentinal has more coverage of this and certainly should on Tate.
It is tempting but terribly misleading to assume that the highly publicized murders of women in 1947 are related. To paraphrase Michael Lewis in "The Undoing Project": we are pattern-seeking creatures, but we often create patterns simply as a way of organizing random data. That's how the human mind works. There is a bit about Tate in the Sentinel, but only a few paragraphs. I'll get to it in February.
Thanks Larry. I am following your advice and reading the papers to get the stories.
I am creating a spreadsheet of relevant facts. I don't think Tate is related to anything else, (killed in her room, a suspect Oscar Hallgren went to trial etc. But I do think I have lots of empty boxes in my spread sheet in the Tate row.
It surprises me that folks seem to want to suggest connections that simplify but ignore basic facts. The Cleveland torso murders or Jeanne French or Georgette Bauerdorf are compelling but unrelated mysteries.
Exactly. It doesn't help that "Severed" (25% mistakes and 50% fiction) takes a deep dive into trying to link all those cases.


Boyer, J.N., S.K. Dailey, P.J. Gibson, M.T. Rogers and D. Mir-Gonzalez	2006. The role of dissolved organic matter bioavailability in promoting phytoplankton blooms in Florida Bay. Hydrobiologia, 569(1): 71-85.
Jones, V., K. Parish, A. Thomson, G.A. Wolff, N. Maie and R. Jaffe	2006. Molecular characterization of proteinaceous material in the Florida coastal Everglades. Hydrobiologia, 569(1): 129-133.


For three years, balloon guy Addii Somekh and photographer Charlie Eckert traveled in search of people wearing wacky head-wear.
traveled for three fun-filled years taking snappy shots of people wearing wacky head-wieners. They then created this swell book that explodes with vivid photos of people from 34 different countries and their little inflated balloon bonnets.
I know, I know you're saying 'I wish I too could be the proud possessor of one of those crazy crowns.' How your luck has changed! Inside each kit are 30 balloons and a handy dandy pump-a-mahooey. In no time you will be a master balloon twister impressing your friends with your swirlies, ballies, and dingies.
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I like to make hats and animals out of balloons.
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