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Francis Armstrong
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January 19: Rev. James Francis Armstrong
19 January, 2013 in January 2013 by Wayne Sparkman | No comments
A Long Pastorate Under the Pain of a Thorn in the Flesh.
James Francis Armstrong was born in West Nottingham, Maryland in 1750, the son of Francis Armstrong, a ruling elder in the Presbyterian church of that town. James began his education in Pequea, but he showed great promise and his parents were able to secure a place for him in the noted school founded by the Rev. Samuel Blair, at Fagg's Manor, Pennsylvania. During the time that James was a student there, Samuel's brother John was the primary teacher, and this was shortly before John Blair was elected to serve as Professor of Theology at Princeton College.
James entered Princeton in 1771 and was accorded the rare privilege of living with the family of the College President, Dr. John Witherspoon. Graduating in 1773, he immediately began preparing for the ministry, studying theology under Dr. Witherspoon's tutelage. James was then received as a candidate for the ministry by the Presbytery of New Brunswick, in June of 1776, and had passed a number of his examinations and trials for the ministry, but his licensure was interrupted by war, when British troops invaded New Jersey.
With Dr. Witherspoon's aid and certification, James was able to transfer to the Presbytery of Newcastle, was received there as a candidate and soon licensed to preach, in January, 1777. The battle of Princeton occurred that same month, and we previously told of the death of Chaplain Rosbrugh during that same battle. Like Rosbrugh, James too was stirred with patriotism and joined a volunteer company, though just a year later in 1778 he was ordained and commissioned a chaplain in the Second Brigade of the Maryland Forces. It was during this time of service that he contracted rheumatic fever, and he suffered from this illness for the remainder of his life.
Leaving the Army in 1782, Rev. Armstrong began preaching at the Presbyterian church in Elizabethtown, New Jersey. He married not long after and continued his preaching in Elizabethtown for about another year until his health weakened. When Dr. Elihu Spencer died at Trenton in 1784, Rev. Armstrong was asked to preach the funeral sermon, and this led to a call for him to serve the Trenton church. But it took nearly two years for the church to manage the financial aspects of the call, and Armstrong not installed as pastor until 1786.
Rev. Armstrong served the church from 1786 until his death on January 19, 1816. The entire time of his ministry in that church, he suffered the effects of the disease contracted during the war. Concerning his final year, one biographer wrote:
"It was in the summer of 1815 that he performed his last public service. There was no reason to suppose at that time, that he might not be spared for years, and be able occasionally to bear a part in the services of the sanctuary. On the Sabbath referred to, his text was "Wo is me, if I preach not the Gospel," and it was noticed that the only Psalm used in the singing was the third part of the seventy-first; the first half being sung at the beginning, and the remainder at the close of the devotional exercises. Nothing could have been more appropriate to his circumstances, or more expressive of what seems to have been the habitual temper of his mind. A few months after this brought his sufferings to a close—he died on the 19th of January, 1816, in the sixty-sixth year of his age, the thirty-eighth of his ministry, and (counting from the date of his call) the thirty-first of his pastorship. The sermon at his funeral was preached by the Rev. Dr. Samuel Miller, Professor in the Theological Seminary at Princeton."
[I can find no evidence that Dr. Miller's funeral sermon was ever published.]
How remarkable to continue on in an effective life and ministry despite constant pain. Most of us are strangers to pain like that, though perhaps all of us know someone who suffers so. In the Apostle Paul's case, what he termed a "thorn in the flesh" (II Cor. 12:7-10) was given to him by the Lord, in his case to humble him. And as much as there was the lesson of humility, there was an even greater lesson which applies to us all, that the Lord's grace is sufficient in the face of every adversity. Moreover, as Matthew Henry notes, when we are weak in ourselves, then we are strong in the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ.
A photograph of Rev. Armstrong's grave can be viewed here.
Tags: Francis Armstrong, James Francis Armstrong, John Blair, New Jersey, West Nottingham
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We are very encouraged that the City of Evanston is in the process of hiring an Equity and Empowerment Coordinator. As people who are invested in seeing our community become a place where decisions at all levels are consistently made using an equity lens, we think this is a strong step in the right direction. We applaud the City for doing this.
We believe there is a need for this person to receive regular input and direction from stakeholders in the community who have been in the forefront on organizing on equity issues, including representatives of what are referred to in the job description as "underrepresented groups." These include people of color, Latinos, immigrants, the people with disabilities, people who are homeless, seniors and the LGBTQ community.
While Evanston has touted its diversity, there are historical and current processes of segregation and discrimination that have undermined not only opportunities but even the long term viability of communities of color in the City. The most stark way to view this is that there has been a large exodus of African Americans. Between the years 2000 and 2010, the African American proportion of Evanston's population fell from 22.5% to 18.1% (US Census), a proportional change of -19.34%. In 2014, it had dropped to 17.2%. Any equity process that addresses the needs of this community must address systemic issues that are driving low income people of color out of the City, such as inflation in housing costs and lack of living wage jobs.
In order to address disparities and lack of representation, we propose an Evanston Citizens Equity Advisory Board to help the Equity and Empowerment Coordinator develop and implement a viable plan.
The advisory board would include representatives of key community organizations which work for elimination of racial and place-based disparities and groups that significantly represent and reflect the "underrepresented" sectors of the community, such as OPAL, Open Communities Evanston Justice Team, Evanston YWCA, Latino Resources, Interfaith and Ecumenical Clergy Associations, and Citizens Network of Protection.
The advisory board would serve as a liaison to connect the Coordinator with underrepresented groups in the community and with advocates who can help develop plans that maximize community participation.
The board would provide regular feedback to the Coordinator about community issues and the development and implementation of the City's Equity and Empowerment Plan.
Will you support the creation of the Evanston Citizens Equity Advisory Board?
Please send your response to ted@open-communities.org.
Bennett Johnson, Evanston Minority Business Consortium, Inc.
(Affiliations are given to identify the individual signers, but do not imply that the organizations have endorsed this statement).


Vermont Electric Power Company, Inc. (VELCO) and Vermont Transco LLC (VT Transco) (collectively, Companies) set forth below their procedures and plan (Procedures) for implementing the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's (the Commission) Order 717 relating to the Standards of Conduct for Transmission Providers. VELCO and Vermont Transco are Transmission Providers under Order 717.
VELCO is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Vermont, with its principal place of business in Rutland, Vermont. VELCO's headquarters is located at 366 Pinnacle Ridge Rd, Rutland, Vermont 05701.
VELCO was the nation's first statewide transmission-only utility, organized in the late 1950s to develop an integrated high-voltage transmission system that would interconnect electric utilities throughout the State of Vermont and provide access to low-cost power from the St. Lawrence River Project in New York. Over the ensuing decades, VELCO expanded its facilities and service to meet the needs of the Vermont distribution utilities who were both customers and owners.
In 2006, Vermont Transco LLC (VT Transco) was formed as a limited liability company for the purpose of acquiring and owning VELCO's existing transmission assets and any new transmission facilities to be developed in Vermont. As described in the petition to FERC seeking authorization for the transfer of assets from VELCO to VT Transco (Docket No. EC06-115-000), the transaction allowed VT Transco to become the owner of Vermont's transmission system. VELCO contributed almost all of the transmission facilities that it owned directly to VT Transco in exchange for membership units in VT Transco. In return, VELCO became the managing member of VT Transco, operating the transmission assets under the terms of a management services agreement. Thereafter, the Vermont distribution utilities contributed cash in exchange for membership units, thereby creating an ownership structure that closely paralleled VELCO's.
The purpose of the transaction was to establish a more modern business entity that would be able to raise capital more effectively and efficiently. It also helped reduce rates to customers. Otherwise, the transaction was intended to be seamless for customers and regulators: i.e., the terms and conditions of services provided by VELCO and VT Transco, taken together, would be the same as the terms and conditions of services provided by VELCO prior to the transaction. VT Transco now provides service over such facilities pursuant to applicable tariffs, including Schedule 21-VT Transco, accepted by and on file with the Commission, to all of the electric distribution utilities in Vermont and also to certain distribution utilities in New Hampshire.
VELCO does not own any generation assets; it is a "wires only" company. VELCO does not sell any retail electric energy to its customers. VELCO does not have an Energy Trading function, but it does have a power accounting department. This department is responsible for administration of the settlement contracts for a few of the distribution utilities. The power accounting department is involved in the settlement only portion of the markets. It does not provide market advice or transmission-related information to the Vermont distribution utilities. Therefore, VELCO's power accounting department is not a "marketing function," and does not include "marketing function employees," under Order No. 717.
VT Transco is an electric transmission company operating under the laws of the State of Vermont. VT Transco through its manager, VELCO, serves the distribution utilities and other eligible customers in the State of Vermont. The headquarters is located at 366 Pinnacle Ridge Rd, Rutland, Vermont 05701. VT Transco does not own any generation assets; it is a "wires only" company. VT Transco does not sell any retail electric energy to its customers.1 VT Transco does not have any employees. VT Transco's manager. VELCO, employs personnel that operate the transmission assets of VT Transco under the terms of a management services agreement between VT Transco and VELCO. Therefore, VELCO has transmission function employees.
Green Mountain Power Corporation (GMP) is a Vermont electric distribution utility that owns more than 10% of VT Transco and more than 10% of VELCO. Therefore, this Vermont electric distribution utility is considered an Affiliate of both VT Transco and VELCO for purposes of the Order 717 Standards of Conduct. Accordingly, VELCO and VT Transco apply the Standards of Conduct to marketing function employees of this utility.
(1) Another person that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with, the specified entity. An affiliate includes a division of the specified entity that operates as a functional unit.
(2) For any exempt wholesale generator (as defined under Sec. 366.1 of this chapter), affiliate shall have the meaning set forth in Sec. 366.1 of this chapter, or any successor provision.
(3) "Control" as used in this definition means the direct or indirect authority, whether acting alone or in conjunction with others, to direct or cause to direct the management policies of an entity. A voting interest of 10 percent or more creates a rebuttable presumption of control.
(b) Internet web site(s) refers to the Internet location where an interstate natural gas pipeline or a public utility posts the information, by electronic means, required under this part 358. For purposes of these Procedures, the Internet Web site refers to ISO New England OASIS internet web site, at https://oasis.iso-ne.com/oasis/VTTR, the VT Transco internet web site, at http://www.vermonttransco.com, and the VELCO internet web site at http://www.velco.com.
(v) Sales by an intrastate natural gas pipeline, by a Hinshaw interstate pipeline exempt from the Natural Gas Act, or by a local distribution company making an on-system sale.
(e) Open Access Same Time Information System or OASIS refers to the Internet location where a public utility posts the information required by part 37 of this chapter, and where it may also post the information required to be posted on its Internet Web site by this part 358.
(f) Transmission means electric transmission, network or point-to-point service, ancillary services or other methods of electric transmission, or the interconnection with jurisdictional transmission facilities, under part 35 of this chapter; and natural gas transportation, storage, exchange, backhaul, or displacement service provided pursuant to subparts B or G of part 284 of this chapter.
(g) Transmission customer means any eligible customer, shipper or designated agent that can or does execute a transmission service agreement or can or does receive transmission service, including all persons who have pending requests for transmission service or for information regarding transmission.
(h) Transmission functions means the planning, directing, organizing or carrying out of day-to-day transmission operations, including the granting and denying of transmission service requests.
(i) Transmission function employee means an employee, contractor, consultant or agent of a transmission provider who actively and personally engages on a day-to-day basis in transmission functions. VELCO has transmission function employees.
(j) Transmission function information means information relating to transmission functions.
(2) Any interstate natural gas pipeline that transports gas for others pursuant to subparts B or G of part 284 of this chapter.
(3) A transmission provider does not include a natural gas storage provider authorized to charge market-based rates.
(l) Transmission service means the provision of any transmission as defined in Sec. 358.3(f).
(m) Waiver means the determination by a transmission provider, if authorized by its tariff, to waive any provisions of its tariff for a given entity.
The procedures and plan below describes the steps VT Transco takes to implement and maintain compliance with the FERC Order 717 Standards of Conduct.
(a) Posting Written procedures: Companies shall post on the Internet Web site these current written procedures implementing the Standards of Conduct in such detail as will enable customers and the Commission to determine that they are in compliance with the Standards of Conduct requirements.
A transmission provider must distribute the written procedures to all its transmission function employees, marketing function employees, officers, directors, supervisory employees, and any other employees likely to become privy to transmission function information.
Implementation procedures: Companies have distributed these Procedures to the above-referenced employees and they have posted these Procedures on their Internet Web sites.
(b) Identification of Employee Information on the Internet Web site: A Transmission Provider must post on its Internet Web site the job titles and job descriptions of its Transmission Function Employees. A Transmission Provider must post a notice on its Internet Web site of any transfer of a Transmission Function Employee to a position as a Marketing Function Employee, or any transfer of a Marketing Function Employee to a position as a Transmission Function Employee. The information posted under this section must remain on its Internet Web site for 90 days. No such job transfer may be used as a means to circumvent any provision of this part. The information to be posted must include: (i) The name of the transferring employee; (ii) The respective titles held while performing each function (i.e., as a Transmission Function Employee and as a Marketing Function Employee); and (iii) The effective date of the transfer.
Implementation procedures: Companies have posted this information on their Internet Web sites. The Companies' OASIS Security Officer is notified of new employees and employee transfers by the Human Resource Department, and is responsible for coordinating the required posting. Any transfers that are covered by this section of the Procedures must be reported to the Companies' OASIS Security Officer not less than seven business days prior to the effective date of the transfer. Records are maintained for a minimum of five years. It should be noted, however, that Companies do not have and do not expect to have any Marketing Function Employees.
(c) Identification of Affiliates on the Internet Web site: A transmission provider must post on its Internet Web site the names and addresses of all its affiliates that employ or retain marketing function employees.
Implementation procedures: Companies have posted on their Internet Web sites the names and addresses of their affiliates that employ or retain marketing function employees.
(d) Shared Employee-staffed Facilities: A transmission provider must post on its Internet Web site a complete list of the employee-staffed facilities shared by any of the transmission provider's transmission function employees and marketing function employees. The list must include the types of facilities shared and the addresses of the facilities.
Implementation procedures: Companies do not share any employee-staffed facilities with marketing function employees of its affiliates.
(e) Training: The Transmission Provider must provide annual training on the Standards of Conduct to all its Transmission Function Employees, Marketing Function Employees, officers, directors, supervisory employees, and any other employees likely to become privy to Transmission Function Information. The Transmission Provider must provide training on the Standards of Conduct to new employees (who are Transmission Function Employees, Marketing Function Employees, officers, directors, supervisory employees and any other employees likely to become privy to Transmission Function Information) within the first thirty (30) days of their employment. The Transmission Provider must require each employee who has taken the training to certify electronically or in writing that she/he has completed the training.
Implementation procedures: (1) Companies shall provide training annually to all employees with access to Transmission information or information concerning electric purchases, sale or marketing functions. Companies shall train new employees (who are Transmission Function Employees, Marketing Function Employees, officers, supervisory employees, and any other employees likely to become privy to Transmission Function Information) within the first thirty (30) days of their employment. (2) All of the personnel listed above sign affidavits affirming that they will not be a conduit for sharing transmission or customer information with any marketing function employees. (3) Companies will maintain logs of employees that have participated in the training and copies of signed affidavits of the employees that have participated in the training.
(1) If a Transmission Provider discloses non-public Transmission Function Information, other than information identified in subparagraph (d)(2) below of this Section, in a manner contrary to the requirements of 18 C.F.R. § 358.6, the Transmission Provider must immediately post the information that was disclosed on its Internet Web site.
(2) If a Transmission Provider discloses, in a manner contrary to the requirements of 18 C.F.R. § 358.6, non-public transmission customer information, critical energy infrastructure information (CEII) as defined in 18 C.F.R. § 388.113(c)(1) of this chapter or any successor provision, or any other information that the Commission by law has determined is to be subject to limited dissemination, the Transmission Provider must immediately post notice on its Internet Web site that the information was disclosed.
Implementation procedures: In the event of a disclosure, Companies' employees have been instructed to report the matter immediately to their supervisor and the Chief Compliance Officer, who will post the necessary information on the Companies' Internet Web sites.
(ii) Voluntary Consents. A Transmission Customer may voluntarily consent, in writing, to allow the Transmission Provider to disclose the Transmission Customer's non-public information to the Transmission Provider's Marketing Function Employees. If the Transmission Customer authorizes the Transmission Provider to disclose its information to Marketing Function Employees, the Transmission Provider must post notice on its Internet Web site of that consent along with a statement that it did not provide any preferences, either operational or rate-related, in exchange for that voluntary consent.
Implementation procedures: Transmission Function Employees must inform the Chief Compliance Officer of any request or consent by a Transmission Customer to share information with a Marketing Function Employee not less than two business days before the information is to be shared. The Chief Compliance Officer shall ensure that the consent is in writing and that required information concerning the voluntary consent is posted prior to the time at which the information is shared.
(iii) Exception for Specific Transactions. Transmission Function Employees may share with Marketing Function Employees information related solely to the Marketing Function's specific request for transmission service.
Implementation procedures: All Transmission Customers, including Marketing Function Employees, may have exclusive access to information regarding the Marketing Function's request for transmission service. These status communications must present the same level of detail to any Transmission Customer presenting a similar request.
(iv) Exceptions for System Operations. Transmission Function Employees may discuss with Marketing Function Employees non-public Transmission Function Information (i) pertaining to compliance with FERC-approved NERC Reliability Standards, (ii) to maintain or restore operation of the transmission system or generating units, or (iii) that may affect generator dispatch.
Implementation procedures: At this time, Companies do not have communications in which its Transmission Function Employees have a need to disclose non-public Transmission Function Information to Marketing Function Employees (i) pertaining to compliance with FERC-approved NERC Reliability Standards, (ii) to maintain or restore operation of the transmission system or generating units, or (iii) that may affect generator dispatch. To the extent that there is such a need in the future, Transmission Function Employees should contact their supervisors and the Chief Compliance Officer. A determination will be made regarding the requirements that will be implemented in the event of such communications. The separate written procedures require that records of any such communications be maintained for a five-year period.
(v) Exceptions for System Emergencies. In the event an emergency, such as an earthquake, flood, fire or hurricane, severely disrupts a transmission provider's normal business operations, the posting requirements in this part may be suspended by the transmission provider. If the disruption lasts longer than one month, the transmission provider must so notify the Commission and may seek a further exemption from the posting requirements.
Implementation procedures: The Transmission Provider may suspend the posting requirements in the event of an emergency. The Chief Compliance Officer will make any necessary notifications to the Commission.
(i) The Transmission Provider must strictly enforce all tariff provisions relating to the sale or purchase of open access transmission service, if the tariff provisions do not permit the use of discretion.
(ii) The Transmission Provider must apply all tariff provisions relating to the sale or purchase of open access transmission service in a fair and impartial manner that treats all transmission customers in a not unduly discriminatory manner, if the tariff provisions permit the use of discretion.
(iii) The Transmission Provider may not, through its tariffs or otherwise, give undue preference to any person in matters relating to the sale or purchase of transmission service (including, but not limited to, issues of price, curtailments, scheduling, priority, ancillary services, or balancing).
(iv) The Transmission Provider must process all similar requests for transmission in the same manner and within the same period of time.
(v) A transmission provider must post on its Internet Web site notice of each waiver of a tariff provision that it grants in favor of an affiliate, unless such waiver has been approved by the Commission. The posting must be made within one business day of the act of a waiver. The transmission provider must also maintain a log of the acts of waiver, and must make it available to the Commission upon request. The records must be kept for period of five years from the date of each act of waiver.
Implementation Procedures: All tariff provisions are applied in a non-discriminatory manner, and if a tariff provision allows for discretion in its application, then the Companies will apply that tariff provision in the same manner to its affiliates as it does to all other transmission service customers. Companies do not give undue preference to any person in matters relating to transmission service. Companies process all similar requests for transmission in the same manner and within the same period of time. In the event a waiver of a tariff provision is made in favor of an affiliate, the Chief Compliance Officer will ensure that the appropriate posting is made. The Chief Compliance Officer will also maintain a log of acts of waiver, ensuring that each records are kept for five years from the date of each act of waiver.
(i) General rule. Except as permitted in this part or otherwise permitted by Commission order, a transmission provider's transmission function employees must function independently of its marketing function employees.
(1) A transmission provider is prohibited from permitting its marketing function employees to: (i) Conduct transmission functions; or (ii) Have access to the system control center or similar facilities used for transmission operations that differs in any way from the access available to other transmission customers.
(2) A transmission provider is prohibited from permitting its transmission function employees to conduct marketing functions.
Implementation procedures: Companies conduct annual training concerning the independent functioning rules.
(i) A transmission provider is prohibited from using anyone as a conduit for the disclosure of non-public transmission function information to marketing function employees.
(ii) An employee, contractor, consultant or agent of a transmission provider and an employee, contractor, consultant or agent of an affiliate transmission provider that is engaged in marketing functions, is prohibited from disclosing non-public transmission function information to any of the transmission providers marketing function employees.
Implementation Procedures: Training materials explain the prohibition on a Transmission Provider using anyone as conduit to inappropriately share information with any marketing function personnel.
A transmission provider must designate a chief compliance officer who will be responsible for standards of conduct compliance. The transmission provider must post the name of the chief compliance officer and provide his or her contact information on its Internet Web site. Companies' designated a Chief Compliance Officer who will: (1) Ensure that Companies are in compliance with the Standards of Conduct; and (2) Ensure that Standards of Conduct training for new and existing employees is carried out.
(ix) Posting information concerning potential merger partners as affiliates that may employ or retain marketing function employees, within seven days after the potential merger is announced, in compliance with 18 C.F.R. Section 358.7(e)(iii).
A transmission provider must maintain its books of account and records (as prescribed under parts 101, 125, 201 and 225 of this chapter) separately from those of its affiliates that employ or retain marketing function employees, and these must be available for Commission inspections.
Implementation procedures: The companies maintain their books and records separate from any Affiliate that employs or retains marketing function employees, which includes Green Mountain Power Corporation, and these books and records are available for the Commission's inspection.


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Chevrolet Express Cargo Van with Summit White exterior and Medium Pewter interior features a 8 Cylinder Engine with 285 HP at 5400 RPM*.
AIR BAGS, HEAD/SIDE-CURTAIN, AUDIO SYSTEM, AM/FM STEREO with seek-and-scan, digital clock and 2 front door speakers, ENGINE, VORTEC 4.8L V8 SFI (285 hp [212.5 kW] @ 5400 rpm, 295 lb-ft of torque [398.3 N-m] @ 4600 rpm) (STD) (Includes external engine oil cooler and (V14) transmission oil cooler. TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC, HEAVY-DUTY, ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED with overdrive tow/haul mode and internal transmission oil cooler (STD). Serviced here, Non-Smoker vehicle.
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Pricing analysis performed on 2/27/2019. Horsepower calculations based on trim engine configuration.
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Enjoy dining in a friendly atmosphere with all the country hospitality you could desire.
The Post 101 restaurant is open 7 days a week for dinner, with an abundant menu, driven by fresh local produce.
Try one of our seriously delicious steaks – beautiful cuts of locally-sourced meat. Complement your meal with a choice from a large selection of Mudgee wines including the award-winning Charnwood Estate, or try something new with one of our house cocktails or boutique beers.
Breakfast is a country-style buffet with a huge variety of hot and cold dishes to choose from, available 7 days a week.
Our menu is a reflection of modern Australian food today, celebrating the best Mudgee has to offer in local produce and wine.
Life is short – eat dessert!
Besides our ever evolving menu – which offers new creations as well as old favourites – we like to have fun with our tantalising desserts.
Be spoilt for choice with our regularly-updated decadent dessert board and take your tastebuds on a journey!
Whether you are a guest in our motel or looking for that somewhere special to celebrate an occasion, The Post 101 provides top service and great dining – all in the heart of Mudgee.
Kids menu is also available.


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Arthur Kekewich
It is the right of her Majesty's subjects to make claims and to have them tried in the constitutional way.
Sir Arthur Kekewich (26 July 1832 – 22 November 1907) was a British Chancery Division judge.
Quotes[edit]
Public policy does not admit of definition and is not easily explained. It is a variable quantity; it must vary and does vary with the habits, capacities, and opportunities of the public.
Davies v. Davies (1887), L. R. 36 C. D. 364; see also Egerton v. Earl Brownlow, 4 H. L. C. 1.
It is to my mind much to be regretted, and it is a regret which I believe every Judge on the bench shares, that text-books are more and more quoted in Court—I mean, of course, text-books by living authors—and some Judges have gone so far as to say that they shall not be quoted.
Union Bank v. Munster (1887), L. R. 37 CD. 54.
This seems to me to be one of those cases in which the Court is bound to arrive at a conclusion without having any satisfactory means of arriving at it. The only guide I have is this. I am entitled to sit in the testator's chair as he wrote his own will.
Horlock v. Wiggins (1888), L. R. 39 C. D. 143.
I think that the proper and safe course is to follow a decision of a Court of co-ordinate jurisdiction, unless some cogent reason is given to the contrary.
Evans v. Manchester, &c. Rail. Co. (1887), L. J. (N. S.) 57 C. D. 157.
Birmingham and District Land Co. v. London and North-Western Railway Co. (1888), 57 L. J. Rep. (N. S.) C. D. 123.
Motives do not concern me; they are a dangerous subject with which to deal.
Whelan v. Palmer (1888), L. J. Rep. (N. S.) 57 C. D. 788.
The difficulty which I feel as a Judge, and always felt at the Bar, is this: a defendant is entitled to put his back against the wall and to fight from every available point of advantage.
Blank v. Footman & Co. (1888), 57 L. J. (N. S.) C. D. 914.
I am always afraid of quoting my own decisions; I do not think it is the right thing for a judge to do, but I often do refer to them when I can thereby avoid repeating in different words what I have said before.
Bolton Partners v. Lambert (1889), L. R. 41 C. D. 300.
A decision of the House of Lords requires no sanction.
In re Weall Andrews v. Weall (1889), L. R. 42 Ch. D. 679.
Masterly inactivity may be prudence to one man, desperate rashness to another.
In re Liverpool Household Stores Assoc. (1890), 59 L. J. Rep. C. D. 618.
Born and bred, so to say, in Chancery, I have a strong leaning towards the rule of the Court of Chancery, of requiring full discovery.
Ashworth v. Roberts (1890), L. J. Rep. (N. S.) 60 C. D. 28.
I have said frequently, and I repeat it, that there is no Judge on the bench who is more willing to allow amendments, even at the last moment, than I, provided there is no surprise.
James v. Smith (1890), L. R. 1 C. D. [1891], p. 389.
It is impossible for us English lawyers, dealing with the English language, to express our views except in the technical language of our law.
Lauri v. Renad (1892), L. R. 3 C. D. [1892], p. 413.
I wish to uphold counsel in the exercise of their discretion.
In re Somerset; Somerset v. Earl Poulett (1893), L. R. [1894], 1 Ch. 249.
I must look at the decision with reference to all the circumstances which led to it.
In re England (1895), L. R. 2 C. D. [1895], p. 109.
Any man who spends his income, whether large or small, benefits the community by putting money in circulation.
In re Nottage (1895), L. R. 2 C. D. [1895], p. 653.
Experience tells us that sometimes, when minorities insist on their rights, they ultimately prevail.
Young v. South African, &c. Syndicate (1896), L. R. 2 C. D. [1896], p. 278.
I do not think I can pass over the distinct words of Sir George Jessel, who knew practice as thoroughly as any Judge who ever sat on the bench.
Woolf v. Woolf (1898), L. R. 1 C. D. 347.
Decisions in the American Courts are entitled to great respect, but are not binding here; and there are many circumstances affecting questions arising between the laws of different States which may or may not be applicable to questions arising here.
In re De Nicols. De Nicols v. Curlieb (1898), L. R. 1 C. D. [1898], p. 410.
Wikipedia has an article about:
Retrieved from "https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Kekewich&oldid=2858076"
British judges


Margins are the space between the text of your book and the edge of a page. Margin space needs to be carefully considered before production, as a margin that is too narrow makes for poor readability and a margin too wide can add unnecessary pages to your book.
Margins are generally the same on three sides with a larger margin on the binding edge (or spine) of the book. In order for text to read comfortably and appear balanced on all sides, extra space is often given to the binding edge.
*Note: When using Microsoft Word, the inside binding edge margin can be kept the same as the other three margins. A gutter of 0.2" can then be used in place of the larger margin.
The Page Bleed is the section past the edges of a page that exceeds the printing area. Any images that take up the full height or full width of a page must have a page bleed in order to properly appear full-sized once the book has been trimmed in production.
Below is an example page: the blue area is the page margin and the red area is the page bleed which would be trimmed away in production.


text:
APK2Play
Top 5 News & Magazine Apps for Android
By Julianne R. Hayner
Are you looking for the best newspapers to read on your android device, we are with Top 5 News & Magazine Apps which will provide you the latest newsflash all around the globe. You will get the best stuff with all these online apps.
In the olds days, you have to wait for the newspaper to arrive at your door, now the wait is over with these android applications available on your devices. Get these apps on your devices and get the newest news flash around you.
What are the 5 News & Magazine Apps?
With vast channels you receive the latest information nowadays it's been easy to have the accurate information with these 5 Top News Apps. All the details are given below.
This application can be said as a decent news app, it produces news from its sources and many more from local and international as well. One can get different variety of topics related to eCommerce, health, education, politics, and much more for the users.
You will not get the best newsflash related to politics but it's better than most of the newspapers. You can get the best content with help of professional content writers, so one can have faith in the update they spread.
Comparing this app with others you will get the free services, and but it will be annoying when it produces ads while reading the newspaper. Get the best and the latest news by downloading this application on your android devices.
You will get this app the most popular with its content and services they provide. This application can be said as the RSS reader. With Feedly, you can get a variety of resources and sites where you can get the most favorite newsflash.
Here you can build your own newsflash from the resources you where you think they are the most trusted. You can participate with Facebook IFTTT, Twitter, Evernote, OneNote, Pinterest, Linked In, and others. You can have the option of an android device and PC also.
You can download this app for free with ads while you read. It's exceptional that you would have 40 million feeds in total for its users. For normal users, it could be expensive while you pay for the subscription payment.
This apk comes in the top list of the newspapers it's all familiar to the Feedly application. You can generate feed favorite newsflash sources, sites, and other places. You will receive different features with many more interesting and faster services.
Flipboard provides you the best animation, large images, and the best option of UI that makes the best option the digital magazine. You will get more features to discover what's best or your interest, here you can get with ease.
Most people refer to this news application due to its latest features and services. One can get decent news and all android users, they can download this app for free without paying a single penny.
This app produces the top news from the trusted resources where you can get all kinds of news around the world. With more than 1000 premium publishers and more than 4500 media outlets around the world makes it the most popular news app.
With personalized content feeds one can get the latest news generated by Microsoft employees. You have the option to sync the news with the app and the web for cross-platform support. Although you can save articles for later use.
This app provides a dark theme option for its users, here you can search a large number of news categories you like to read. It's all free and has easy access to the apk for all android users.
With its unique features, it's the most interesting news app for users to read. It doesn't offer content. However, it will save whatever content you happen to stumble across during your day. You'll no doubt find something on Twitter or Facebook or in a chat that you can't read right now.
This application stores whatever you would like to read, later on, provide offline services to users. Here you can have a decent reading experience with more features to discover as well. The latest information can be shared by notifications.
More options like unlimited storage, tag system, text to speech, and much more features are available on PC. So get all these latest features and enjoy o read the best content on this app.
Top 5 News & Magazine Apps will provide you the best options to get the latest information. All these apps include a variety of features for reading lovers. These applications are decent to read and have easy access to all apps.
Categories Guide, Apps Tags Top 5 News & Magazine Apps Post navigation
Top Five News Apps For Android
Top 5 Parallel Space Apps for Android
©2022 APK2PLAY All Rights Reserved.


text:
U.S. lugers follow bobsled, skeleton athletes in sitting out World Cups
By OlympicTalkOct 5, 2020, 11:02 AM EDT
U.S. lugers will not compete in the first four World Cups of the upcoming season, sitting out stops in Europe in November and December for athlete and staff safety.
"We are a group that's geared and motivated by racing, so to take this action is disappointing," USA Luge CEO and executive director Jim Leahy said in a press release, adding that consultation with health experts and a team physician led to the decision. "We believe that staying in the U.S. until the end of the calendar year is our safest course of action."
The current plan is for U.S. lugers to travel to Europe in the final week of December, though a season debut has not been set.
After the first four World Cups in Austria and Germany, the season resumes in Königssee the first weekend of January for the final five World Cups.
In late January, Königssee hosts the world championships, moved from Whistler, B.C., due to coronavirus pandemic-related travel issues. There are also no World Cup stops in North America this season.
International lugers are expected to spend much of February in China, certifying the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic track.
Last week, USA Bobsled and Skeleton announced it would not send athletes to its first four World Cups in Europe in November and December. Like with bobsled and skeleton, USA Luge plans to hold selection races domestically before going to Europe.
U.S. lugers Summer Britcher, Chris Mazdzer, Emily Sweeney and Tucker West have all won individual World Cup events. Mazdzer, the surprise 2018 Olympic silver medalist, also competes in doubles with Olympian Jayson Terdiman.
"This is certainly not the schedule that we envisioned, but it's one that has been thrust upon us," U.S. head coach Robert Fegg said. "In the short term, we are anxious to return to sliding and getting as many runs in as possible prior to heading overseas."
MORE: Last bobsledder from 2010 Olympic champion team retires


ARE YOU GAME FOR TOMB RAIDER LOTTO?
On Mon 20 March, 2006, the balls will begin rolling on www.tombraiderlotto.com (http://www.tombraiderlotto.com/), a joint competition between Tomb Raider Chronicles and Planet Lara for the prize of the year, a full size Lara Croft Tomb Raider Legend mannequin dispatched direct from Eidos U.S.
To herald the upcoming Lara Croft-helmed adventure, Tomb Raider Legend, players will be invited to collect a series of daily lottery tickets which will be entered into our prize tombola where one lucky winner will score the six foot, full size Lara Croft mannequin, based on the Tomb Raider Legend model.
A battery of runner up prizes will also be dispatched. For full details, including information, terms and conditions, check www.tombraiderlotto.com (http://www.tombraiderlotto.com) on Monday 20 March.
SMASHING!! Definitely taking the week off then.
Isn`t this about the 2 websites? PlanetLara and TR Chronicles?
And I have a bad feeling that you have to be a TRF member, and not banned to even have a fair chance at winning this.
So I guess would count me out, aye?
This competition is open to everyone Derek, including you. Everyone has the same chance of winning. That's how a lottery works.
I'm happy to hear that then :). I shall be entering on Monday.
I better start making some room for the ol' gal.
If you don't receive a validation email, drop me a line and I'll activate your account manually. My email address is in my profile.
This is one woman I wouldn't mind taking home to mother ;).
Well I filled in the form10 hours ago, but still no email authorization yet M. Perhaps it's because the bulk of signups?
Just done it now. Dhama. Send me a PM with your account name and I'll do the same for you.
I've always considered WraithStar to be like a sister! Hmm. One of us has it wrong, but I'm not sure which. That's the trouble/advantage of an on-line forum. Somebody help us sort this out!
Hey guys, I received my activation almost instantly, so there shouldn't be delays in getting your accounts activated. If you don't receive one right away I'd recommend checking your spam folder :).
Sometimes when notifications like that are sent, email clients mistakingly redirect them to your junk mail folders thinking it's spam. Just an example about how technology sometimes isn't completely reliable :p.
I get my activation message after about 2h, problem is not in spam filters or smth like that. I think it depends on mail box domain.
Just activated your account dhama.
I received my activation instantly.
You have it right, I'm a woman.
I really don't take offense if people confuse my gender online (I'd be a little annoyed if they got it wrong in person, though:p). I figured you remembered from the dress thread. This came up a little while ago in the LoK section, but I wasn't sure if you read the LoK forums or not.
Yeah, you can't take offense because on an on-line forum one's gender is not known unless one reveals one's gender (figuratively speaking). As for the LoK forums, I do not read them because I am not familiar with the Legacy of Kain games and I only have time to concentrate on this Legend forum for now.
I already joined and started rite when it opened, I really want it but I seriously doubt I'm going to win. *sighs* It's worth a shot though.
My apologies, WraithStar, on the mistaken (assumed) gender. I am still rather new to this forum (actually all forums). I originally joined this forum for research on information regarding Lara Croft and the Tomb Raider series of games to help me run a better (more accurate) Tomb Raider Theme Day at my paintball field. Over the past year, I have fallen in love with Lara and her adventures and my research has surpassed 'fascination' and reached 'obsession' levels (much as it did when I began reasearching Halo several years back). While here though, I have become quite fond of several of the 'regulars' and enjoy the conversations here. I hope to become aquainted enough with this group and its passion for Lara so I can actually 'contribute to' (instead of continually draw from) its resources and hopefully aid those coming behind me as much as this group has benifited me. Anyway, I again apologize for the error and chalk it up to another 'lesson learned' in forum conduct.
i couldn't wait to enter this....wow what a prize!
There seems to be a problem with the Lotto. It is investigated. And whoever got the answer right but wrong will get his/her ticket.
OK, for today's question I found my information on planetlara.com. Ashamed to say I didn't know Lara's blood type off by heart.
Thanks for the tip, Acceber. I could not remember Lara's blood type either.
Glad to hear the lotto problem was fixed before I got around to entering today's numbers.
Thanks for the tip, Acceber.
question : how do I know if I won a thing?


text:
Two weapons of the West now on display at Elk City Museum
Sheryl Ponce, staff writer
It has taken several months to get the display and security system in place to put two important weapons on display at the new museum building across from the Route 66 museum. Retired teacher, Donnie Jordan has been careful to put several of his own personal treasures on display there. His most precious items include a Winchester Bureau of Indian Affairs 44-40 caliber riffle along with a 1851 Confederate Navy 36 Caliber pistol owned by Frank and Jesse James.
"The Winchester Rifle was considered what 'won the west' because of the caliber of gun. The ammunition fit both the rifle and the gun. It was the first gun to be what is called a repeater or lever action because it could hold a number of shells. I bought it from Chick's Pawn shop a long time ago," Jordan explained.
The rifle also has what is called a saddle ring because it could be tied to the saddle. It was one that everyone carried. The importance of this weapon is that is marked "BIA". Those are rare and an important weapon in the west. It is displayed with a sensor in a bullet proof case.
The other gun is one that has come through Jordan's family. It is an heirloom that was given to him by his father, who was the oldest son of his grandfather. He personally remembers a gun collector coming to his home, trying to purchase it from his father because it was owned by Frank and Jesse James. The family connection to the James brothers comes from their family farm in Missouri.
"My grandfather, Joseph Jordan, was what was called a 'smithy' which means he was a gunsmith/blacksmith and his family farm was next to the James' family farm in Kearney, Missouri. Frank and Jesse would bring him their guns to repair over the years," Jordan continued.
The story goes that Joe worked on two guns that remained in his possession when he died. Donnie is unsure whether they were forgotten about or whether the brothers used them as payment for work the elder Jordan did for them.
"Frank James and my grandfather's relationship continued when they moved to the Lawton area called 'Punkin Center'. It shows how the brother and my grandfather continued to know each other. This gun was considered a small, back-up gun for them," ...
To read more please log in or subscribe to the digital edition https://etypeservices.com/Beckham%20County%20RecordID680/
Pictured: Elk City retired teacher, Donnie Jordan is seen with two of his guns on display at the new building at the Route 66 museum. His personal collection of Native American, BIA rifle and Frank and Jesse James pistol are under a strict surveillance system, alarm and bullet proof glass. Staff photo by Sheryl Ponce.
sayre's weather
The Beckham County Record
Sayre, OK 73662
Elk City, OK 73644


text:
Eugenia minimiflora är en myrtenväxtart som beskrevs av Cyrus Longworth Lundell. Eugenia minimiflora ingår i släktet Eugenia och familjen myrtenväxter.

Artens utbredningsområde är Belize. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Myrtenväxter
minimiflora

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I completely understand why LJ is basically covering their backs by deleting the journals, but it seems like such a knee-jerk reaction and almost instantly innocent people were caught in the crossfire. It only makes sense to take a look and protect what's yours online - and if that means removing interests and tags and flocking certain things then so be it.
Unfortunately it also means that the perpetrators are also doing that exact same thing and are become more and more hidden as a result.
By doing what they've done, this group has now managed to nake things that much harder for the people who actively work against online predation.


text:
Q: Unwanted white space on right site (small screen only) I have a responsive site I am working on. It has a gap of white space on the right side of the screen at screen sizes roughly below 767px. This is the point it goes to the "mobile" layout. I had the same issue on the desktop size and fixed it by setting the footer to 99% width and it fixed the issue on the larger screen sizes. I tried playing with the footer width for the mobile size, but with no luck.
I have not idea what is causing this white space on the right side of the screen on smaller viewports. I tried the inspect tool in the console, but I couldn't find the problem.
I would post code, but seeing as I can't track the problem down, I wouldn't know what to post.
URL of page: http://sevenclanscasino.designangler.com/warroad/warroad-home

A: For anyone with a similar issue and struggling by hovering over elements in devtools, I came across this trick on another forum.
* { border: 1px solid red !important; }
This very very helpfully shows you all the boundaries in your project. In my case it was a grid overflowing its parent. Enjoy!

A: Try to change some elements into your css.
.row { margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; }
header #top-nav-container #top-nav { width: 100%; }
header #top-nav-container #top-nav { margin-left: 0; }

another way (but please dont do that) :
body { overflow: hidden; }

A: When working on a responsive website, you should always set width values in % rather than px. So try setting with:100%
Hope this helps.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


He could have had the perfect career as a photographer – an SLR camera as a confirmation gift, a trial apprenticeship with a photographer, an internship with a photo agency. But it all turned out differently and Jürg Lauber did a commercial apprenticeship instead. It was to be another 35 years before the IT specialist gave it another shot. He took a sabbatical from 2012 to 2014 but, instead of kicking back in the Maldives, he spent every day wandering around the city and producing his photography book Zürich in Bewegung (Zurich in Movement). He never went back to the office.


Somehow, I made it back to Brooklyn earlier this year. As I was walking back from the L train, I stumbled upon street art. I couldn't resist but to take a couple of photos.
The Beauty. Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York City.
Right when I thought that I had gone through all my street art photos, I come across this beauty. Ah, Brooklyn, you have no idea how much I miss you.
Here are a few things that make me happy: a great sunset by the beach, great food (Katz Deli's famous and delicious pastrami sandwich), coffee (doesn't have to be from Starbucks), viewers, and street art.
Graffiti fish. Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York City.
One of Brooklyn's many subway entrances.
A year ago, I found myself in Bushwick, Brooklyn. A month earlier, I packed up everything I accumulated the last three years, moved out of my apartment, and said good bye to the Mitt. I went from seeing green to seeing skyscrapers.
I never had that Empire state of mind, I didn't have that urge to take a bite out of the Big Apple. I was an island girl that had been to a handful of places and up to that point was pretty satisfied travelwise.
NYC just happened and I took it in.
I got used to riding the subway and tried my best not to be tourist-y (I made sure that I did all the tourist-y stuff the first week I got there). I ate in Chinatown, spent too much time in Union Square, wandered SoHo, and museum hopped. I spent a good deal underground in the subway. I met people that I will never meet again, experienced what it was like to be truly lost in a crowd, and see things only people dream about.
I may have just stayed in NYC for the summer, but a part of me will always dream about the city that never sleeps.


The Paul Brown Stadium, which is also known as The Jungle, has been the home of the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League since 2000. The venue is named after Paul Brown, a co-founder and the first manager of the Cincinnati Bengals. The Bengals played their first Super Bowl in 1982. The San Francisco 49ers won the game 26-21 in front of 81,000 fans in Michigan. The Cincinnati Bengals played their second Super Bowl in 1989. That year, the San Francisco 49ers won the Super Bowl again.


Strengths: All instrument-assisted manipulations were administered using a single thrust with an Activator IV instrument on a setting of "2" with the manipulative force delivered to the pedicle-lamina junction of the involved segment in an anterior, superior, and slightly medial line of drive. Furthermore, the manipulations were administered by a practitioner with 29 years of clinical experience in instrument manipulation.
Bottom Line: The results are not definitive, and further research investigating the differences from previous trials is warranted, but overall I applaud the efforts of my Australian research colleagues.
Previous Post Improvement in Chronic Musculoskeletal Arm Pain and Headaches in an 89- Year-Old Male Receiving Chiropractic Care Involving Torque Release Technique and Activator Methods Chiropractic Technique: A Case Report.


text:
Joymoti may refer to:

Person
 Joymoti Konwari, the wife of the Ahom prince, and later king, Gadapani.

Film
 Joymoti (1935 film), the first Assamese movie, by Jyoti Prasad Agarwala.
 Joymoti (2006 film), an Assamese film  by Manju Borah.

Drama
 Soti Joymoti (drama), by Lakhminath Bezbarua
 Joymoti (drama), by Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya


This is the most recent information about Jackie Wilson that has been submitted to amIright. If we have more information about Jackie Wilson, then we provide a link to the section where it appears (the actual page whenever possible).
"Talk Hat Talk" originally "Talk That Talk"
"Lonely Lie" originally "Lonely Life"
"The Tar Of The Year" originally "The Tear Of The Year"
"The Tear Of The Ear" originally "The Tear Of The Year"
"The Ear Of The Year" originally "The Tear Of The Year"
"Lonely Lifer" originally "Lonely Life"
"Squeeze Her - Tease Her (But Glove Her)" originally "Squeeze Her - Tease Her (But Love Her)"
"Lovely Teardrops" originally "Lonely Teardrops"
"Talk That Walk" originally "Talk That Talk"
"Talk That Tale" originally "Talk That Talk"
"Walk That Talk" originally "Talk That Talk"
"Lovely Life" originally "Lonely Life"
Ja-kki is pronounced like "Jackie"
"You Don't Know What It Means"
"Dog Gin Around" originally "Doggin' Around"
"Dog Gin: A Round" originally "Doggin' Around"
"Al One At Last" originally "Alone At Last"
"The Year Of The Tear" originally "The Tear Of The Year"
Squeeze Her - Tease Her (But Love Her) originally "Jackie Wilson"
Willie Jackson originally "Jackie Wilson"


text:
You searched for: Format: Shapefile ✖Remove constraint Format: Shapefile Place: North Carolina ✖Remove constraint Place: North Carolina Place: California ✖Remove constraint Place: California
1. 1:1,000,000-Scale Coastline of the United States, 2014 Line Stanford University Public content
2014. National Atlas of the United States. This line shapefile includes Global Map data showing the coastline of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The United State... National Atlas of the United States.
2. Major Dams: United States and Territories, 2006 Point Stanford University Public content
2006. Rawson, Peg. This point shapefile depicts major dams in the United States, including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The map layer was created by extra... United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics.
3. United States Cancer Mortality 1970-1994 Polygon Columbia University Public content
1974. U.S. Geological Survey. This data set contains 1970-1994 cancer mortality information for counties in the United States. Included are death rates, number of deaths, confi... U.S. Geological Survey.
4. United States Crimes 1994-2000 Polygon Columbia University Public content
1994. National Atlas of the United States. This map layer shows crime statistics for the United States for theyears 1994-2000, drawn from the Uniform Crime Reporting Program datacompiled by ... National Atlas of the United States.
2001. National Atlas of the United States. This map layer shows crime statistics for the United States for the years 2001-2002, drawn from the Uniform Crime Reporting Program datacompiled by... National Atlas of the United States.
6. United States Income and Employment 1979-1981 Polygon Columbia University Public content
1979. National Atlas of the United States. This map layer portrays 1979, 1980, and 1981 estimates for total personal income, per capita personal income, annual number of full-time and part-t... National Atlas of the United States.
7. United States Income and Employment 1982 Polygon Columbia University Public content
1982. National Atlas of the United States. This map layer portrays 1982 estimates for total personal income, per capita personal income, annual number of full-time and part-time jobs, averag... National Atlas of the United States.
1983. National Atlas of the United States. This map layer portrays 1983 to 1987 estimates for total personal income, per capita personal income, annual number of full-time and part-time job... National Atlas of the United States.
10. United States Income and Employment 1989-1990 Polygon Columbia University Public content
1989. National Atlas of the United States. This map layer portrays 1989 and 1990 estimates for total personal income, per capita personal income, annual number of full-time and part-time job... National Atlas of the United States.
Columbia University Columbia17
National Atlas of the United States15
United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics1
Society15
Dams1
California✖[remove]19
National Transportation Atlas Databases (NTAD) 20131
Public content Public19
Polygon Polygon16
Point Point2
Line Line1
Shapefile✖[remove]19


My name is Victor Zacharias and I am the founder of Zaxis Adventure. We have allied with a group of friends to create this amazing glamping adventure in the Mayan jungle. Together we offer a unique adventure of total cultural immersion.
Off the grid glamping in remote location. Private bathrooms available.


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text:
Brown School
McKelvey School of Engineering
Olin Business School
Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts
Washington Magazine
All Humanities & Society
History & Education
Judging Inequality
State Supreme Courts and the Inequality Crisis
Social scientists have convincingly documented soaring levels of political, legal, economic, and social inequality in the United States. Missing from this picture of rampant inequality, however, is any attention to the significant role of state law and courts in establishing policies that either ameliorate or exacerbate inequality. In "Judging Inequality," political scientists James L. Gibson and […]
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Sept. 11 changed immigration policy
The terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, left an indelible mark on our nation's immigration law and policies, says an immigration expert at Washington University in St. Louis.
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Inazu was in Pentagon on 9/11. He reflects on the day
John Inazu, the Sally D. Danforth Distinguished Professor of Law and Religion, was working in the Pentagon on Sept. 11, 2001, when a plane crashed into the building. Here, he reflects on the day and what it means to him now.
Epps testifies before Supreme Court commission
Dan Epps, the Treiman Professor of Law, testified before the Presidential Commission on the Supreme Court of the United States on July 20.
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Rethinking Market Regulation
Helping Labor by Overcoming Economic Myths
John Drobak's "Rethinking Market Regulation" is a timely and much needed rebuttal to the economic analysis that has justified decades of corporate outsourcing of millions of jobs and the legitimization of massive executive compensation in our country during hard times for many employees. Drobak, contrary to Wall Street Myth, fervently believes greed is not good and urges several […]
WHO accepts COVID-19 reform recommendations from Harris Institute
A report on COVID-19 reforms convened by the Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute in the School of Law, in partnership with the McDonnell International Scholars Academy, was submitted a World Health Organization (WHO) panel in preparation for a final report at a WHO meeting on pandemic preparedness.
Sachs testifies before House committee
Rachel Sachs, an expert on drug pricing at the School of Law, testified May 4 before the House Committee on Energy & Commerce about lowering prescription drug costs.
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Tuch paper chosen among top 10 of 2020
The scholarship of Andrew Tuch, professor of law and expert on financial and securities regulation at the School of Law, has been chosen by Corporate Practice Commentator as among the top 10 articles of 2020.
Five factors that led to Chauvin guilty verdicts
Former Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin was convicted April 20 for his killing of George Floyd. Collectively, people across the country breathed a sigh of relief because far too often, the story has been police killing people of color with impunity, says an expert on race and the law at Washington University in St. Louis.
Supreme Court term limits would greatly reduce imbalance on the court, study finds
Imposing term limits on justices who sit on the U.S. Supreme Court could bring significant changes to the nation's highest court, suggests a forthcoming paper from two Washington University in St. Louis law professors.
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THE GIRLS FRINGE IS HERE!
It's no secret that the Women's Fringe Dress has been a best-seller for Chalk and Notch, and I am thrilled to have the Girls' version available for you and the little ladies in your life! It's hard to predict if a women's style will translate to a girls' version, but I am really happy with how this pattern turned out. It's a sweet silhouette that's simple enough to let your fabric shine. I can't wait to see all of your mini Fringes pop up, and maybe some twinning that will make my heart just burst!
Shop the Girls' Fringe while it's on SALE through December 26th.
I wanted the pattern details and construction to be similar (if not exactly the same) to the Women's version, and for the most part they are for View A. View A has a button up front, elbow sleeve and tab. The bodice darts have been removed from both views, and there is more gathering in the skirt.
During testing, it became clear that we would need to adjust View B's pull over neckline to accommodate little bodies with larger heads, so we added a center back slit and button loop closure. View B's neckline has a notched detail, and I decided to line the bodice fully for a clean finish. View B also offers a cuff.
Both views include a blouse length, optional dress pockets and optional waist ties. The optional waist ties can help you achieve a more defined waist; however, I have not included it in either of these samples. Just like the women's, the sleeve and cuff are interchangeable for both views.
The pattern is listed as an INTERMEDIATE sewing level with the most challenging sewing steps being: sewing the facings (or lining), gathering the skirt ruffle and sewing the buttonholes on View A. These steps are not difficult, but they may be a new skill to learn. I have included sewing instructions to give you a clean finish when possible for a professional-looking result. There are detailed, step-by-step illustrated instructions to help you along the way, and if you'd like more help, the Chalk and Notch Patterns Facebook Group is a great place to get support. Many of the testers are members there, so you have great resources if you ever need them.
The size range is 12 months to 12 years. If your child is outside of this range or is developing, I suggest trying the Women's Fringe version.
Pick a size based on the chest and waist measurement. This style is designed to have 4" (10 cm) of ease through the chest and 3" (8 cm) through the waist. This amount of ease is necessary to pull on the dress, so size up if between sizes. You can adjust the length to accommodate height. More custom length adjustments are included in the pattern.
This style is designed for a light to medium weight woven fabric with nice drape. So many fabrics work with the Fringe pattern; all you have to do is search #fringedresspattern to be inspired!
Recommended main fabrics: rayon challis, rayon crepe, cotton lawn, cotton shirting, linen, double gauze.
View B requires ½ yard (0.4 m) of lining. You can use the main fabric or a lighter weight woven, if medium weight was used for the main.
There are so many wonderful options, and you probably don't need me tempting you to buy more fabric, especially right before the holidays. But I couldn't help pulling a few recommendations from some of my favorite indie fabric shops. I love making my girls' dresses in fabrics I would wear myself, so these all work for both the Girls' and Women's versions. You may already have something in your stash, but it's always fun to do a little online browsing.
I've used this fabric for an Orchid, and I love how lightweight this rayon is.
I love Rifle Paper Co. fabric, always and forever.
This Rifle Paper Co. rayon is from the latest collection.
Here is another favorite that I used for the Orchid listing. I'm thinking I might have to get more of this!
This Avery Slub Linen is such a beautiful fabric; it's a nice medium weight and sews up so beautifully. I have a Fringe in this fabric for myself, and I've used it for the Orchid.
I love this shirting, and I used it for the Women's Fringe samples. It's the perfect lightweight shirting fabric.
I'm a sucker for Rayon Gingham.
I've seen this fabric sewn up, and it's just beautiful. I almost bought some for more mini Fringes, but I needed to exercise some self-control.
Can you ever go wrong with Raw Silk Noil? I think not. Loving all of the jewel colors.
Tencel Twill! It comes in so many colors, and this is one the best apparel fabrics around.
Such a sweet small-scale floral in Silk Voile.
I love this batik-style Rayon.
Organic Double Gauze from Birch Fabrics. This is such a great print, and I love the bright color.
Nani Iro Double Gauze. Need I say more? It's so beautiful!
This Organic Batiste in a delicate abstract floral is really sweet.
I purchased this fabric from Blackbird, but since they are sold out, I wanted to include it here. Harts has about 10 yards left. Run right now!
The Sandy Lane fabric was a favorite for the Women's Fringe, and there are several colors.
The Navy Rayon is a classic and has great drape.
Get that wintry plaid look in this Plaid Rayon, which has a nice drape. To be honest, a lightweight flannel works, too!
I will be back next week with tester photos from the wonderful team of women who helped make this pattern a reality.
I'd love to see what you come up with, so if you share your makes, tag @chalkandnotch and use the hashtags #fringedresspattern #chalkandnotchpatterns so I can see your creations. If you need any sewing help or have questions, please feel free to email me or join the Chalk and Notch Patterns Facebook Group – I'm always happy to hear from you. You can also follow Chalk and Notch on Instagram.
Thanks for checking out the Girls' Fringe pattern!


As our wise and far-sighted administration prepares for war against Iran and tries to bring the nation (that's us) to support its folly, I think it would be good to recall a few words from the much elder statesman: Mark Twain.
I enjoyed Terry Goldman's rebuttal letter. Aside from learning how many cells are in the human body (I do love trivia), his discussion on considering the National Debt/GNP ratio is a sound approach. But to say that a $9 trillion debt is "not inordinately huge" was surprising. I hadn't thought it would be necessary to address ND/GNP ratios to convince anyone that a $9 trillion debt is a ... umm ... bad thing.


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The Korean War "created a blood debt that is crucial to understanding North Korean behaviour ever since"
The Korean War, which began in 1950 and has technically never ended, saw the US pound North Korea from the air, leaving hardly a modern building standing and killing untold numbers of civilians. This, says Professor Bruce Cumings, left a blood debt that remains crucial to understanding North Korean behaviour ever since...
Here, ahead of the war's 70th anniversary, Cumings gives his view on the history of the conflict and explains its significance today…
What was the Korean War?
The Korean War is primarily a civil war between North and South Korea, but one with significant foreign involvement, primarily of China and the United States. The present tense is necessary because the war has never ended; the peace has been held by an armistice since 1953, but there never was a peace treaty, and so the state of war is merely suspended – not concluded.
Which countries fought in the Korean War?
Although some 16 nations fought under the United Nations flag, the Korean War was primarily between South Korea and the US on the one hand, and North Korea and China on the other.
When did the conflict start and end?
The conventional American story – that is, the official story – is that the war began on 25 June 1950 and ended on 27 July 1953. But this war has deep origins in 20th-century history – more on this below…
What are the origins of the Korean War?
The foundations of the war date back to the 1930s. The founder of North Korea, Kim Il-sung, began a guerrilla struggle against Japanese forces who had invaded the three north-east provinces of China in September 1931 and proclaimed the puppet state of Manchukuo on 1 March 1932. The North Koreans trace the inception of their army to battles that began the next month, in April 1932.
Kim Il-sung and his comrades fought for the next decade in completely inhospitable terrain, where temperatures fell to -40 ̊C in the winter. An assortment of guerrilla groups were part of this struggle, with some sources alleging that Kim Il-sung's group was commanded by Chinese Communists. In fact, most of the guerrillas were Korean, and Koreans were even the majority in the so-called Chinese Communist Party. Korean commanders did what they wanted and were not part of a Chinese hierarchy. These guerrilla groups bedevilled Japanese forces, bogging them down in an unwinnable war.
Kim Il-sung, founder of North Korea, pictured in 1950. (Photo by STR/AFP via Getty Images)
Things came to a head in 1939, with pitched battles involving tens of thousands of Japanese troops. By 1941 the guerrillas had been seriously depleted, and they withdrew to training camps near the Sino-Russian border, in the vicinity of Khabarovsk, to await the inevitable outcome of the United States joining the fight against Japan after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Caught off guard: Why didn't America see Pearl Harbor coming?
The significance of this history is twofold: firstly, it constitutes the founding myth of North Korea, after about 200 surviving guerrillas returned to Pyongyang in 1945 and became the elite group that ruled the nation. This group is still in power today, but it is considerably larger after 75 years of ruling exclusively.
The other crucial fact of the 1930s is that the Japanese employed Korean officers to go after the guerrillas, and these same officers populated the upper ranks of the South Korean army in the 1940s. Take Kim Sok-won, for instance: a colonel in the Japanese army who had been given the task of chasing down Kim Il-sung. Kim Sok-won, by then a general, was the commander of the 38th parallel throughout the summer and autumn of 1949. It was this conflict between Koreans who chose opposite sides in the 1930s that made civil war highly likely.
Another factor that led to the outbreak of the Korean War was that, after the collapse of Japanese rule in August 1945, ordinary Koreans began setting up political committees to run local affairs on a spontaneous basis. Soviet troops who were occupying the north supported these committees, and these political groups eventually became the basis of the North Korean regime, right down to the present. American troops arrived on 8 September 1945 and set up a three-year military government. In some parts of South Korea, the US worked with the committees, but in other parts they sought to suppress them, throwing the leaders in jail. This led to an open revolt in the fall of 1946; an inquiry after this revolt revealed that the US was using Korean members of the hated Japanese colonial police throughout the territory.
In this podcast, historian Grace Huxford describes the key events of the Korean War and explains how it played out in Britain:
Most of the committees were underground by 1948, but they continued to govern on Cheju Island, where the committees were largely left to their own devices. On 3 April 1948, an uprising on the island against a plan to divide the two Koreas led to a complete bloodbath over the next two years, with 10 per cent of the islanders – about 30,000 people – being killed by national police, military and members of right-wing youth groups who had been expelled from North Korea. The suppression forces were under the command of Korean officers who had served in the Japanese military.
The history of this conflict was buried for decades under the dictatorships in South Korea, but in recent years it has become a kind of touchstone, prefiguring the civil war to come. It was inconceivable that the North Korean leaders, and their supporters in the south, would allow this slaughter to go unpunished.
Why did North Korea go nuclear?
The immediate crucible of the coming war was the fighting along the border in the summer and autumn of 1949. In August 1945 American planners had chosen the 38th parallel as an appropriate line to mark the respective American and Soviet spheres. They consulted no one – not their allies, not the Soviets, and not a single Korean. The United States had operational control of the fledgling South Korean army until 30 June 1949, when the last American combat troops were withdrawn – leaving behind a 500-man military advisory group.
Fighting along the parallel had begun a month earlier, in May 1949. According to the US commander, it was sparked by the south; he said the south started more than half of the border fighting in 1949. A war nearly broke out in early August 1949, but both the US and the Soviet ambassadors intervened to restrain hotheads. The last Southern attack across the border came in December 1949, and then the parallel quieted for six months.
The north was not ready to fight in 1949, because tens of thousands of its crack troops were still fighting on the side of the Communists in the Chinese Civil War. But in the following months, they filtered back into North Korea and became the spearhead of Kim Il-sung's invasion force in June 1950. The six-month gap in fighting made the invasion look like unprovoked aggression: it was, in the words of the US ambassador, "fortunately clear-cut".
How did the Korean War start?
The start of the Korean War as conventionally understood is easily depicted. The North Koreans flowed down the peninsula in July and August 1950 – in spite of the American President Harry Truman sending ever larger numbers of troops. Finally, the US Marine First Brigade was able to stabilise the front in the south-east, which became known as the Pusan Perimeter. That made possible a dramatic landing at the port of Inchon, under the command of General Douglas MacArthur.
The US pounded North Korea from the air, leaving a blood debt that remains crucial to understanding North Korean behavior ever since
Within two weeks American leaders decided to invade North Korea on a 'roll-back' mission. US troops went all the way to the Yalu River, on the border with China, only to be thrown back in a massive campaign by Chinese and North Korean troops. By 1 January 1951, Seoul was again occupied by Chinese and North Korean troops. By May, however, Seoul had been recaptured, and the fighting had stabilised roughly along what is now the demilitarized zone (DMZ). There followed two years of trench warfare and truce negotiations, until the armistice was signed on 27 July 1953.
Throughout the war the US pounded North Korea from the air, leaving hardly a modern building standing, killing untold numbers of civilians, dropping so much napalm that even Winston Churchill complained about it, and leaving a blood debt that remains crucial to understanding North Korean behaviour ever since.
A girl standing in rubble from the Korean War carrying a baby in a sling on her back. (Photo by Joseph Scherschel/The LIFE Picture Collection via Getty Images)
How many deaths and casualties were there?
33,686 American troops were killed in action, and the UK and Australia also suffered significant casualties: over 1,000 and 339 soldiers died, respectively. But Koreans and Chinese lost their lives in far greater numbers. Just under a million Chinese were killed, about the same number of South Koreans, and perhaps two million North Koreans.
Forging alliances: Britain and the US in the Korean War
How did the Korean War end?
The war ended about where it began: in a stalemate with no real winner. China enjoyed an enhanced status, having fought the US to a standstill, and the two shattered Koreas were left to somehow rebuild their nation.
It took two years to negotiate the armistice, and after decades of work toward a peace treaty starting at Geneva in 1954, none has come to fruition. But the armistice has done its work in holding the peace, give or take some violent incidents from time to time.
Why is it called 'the forgotten war'?
In the US the Korean War quickly became a so-called 'forgotten war', in part because it was such a contrast with the halcyon years under Eisenhower in the 1950s – and of course, because the US did not win for the first time in its history, going back to the War of 1812 stalemate. Some 30 years later a sombre Korean War Memorial was built not far from the Lincoln Memorial, with many individual depictions of how terrible this war was carved onto the faces of soldiers.
Within two short years the US had committed itself to the Vietnamese government in Saigon, and against the revolutionary forces of Ho Chi Minh. Soon the US was again fighting anti-colonial armies, while relying on Vietnamese officers who had served the French. Both of these wars were fundamentally anti-colonial in nature, but American leaders simply never could understand that relying on colonial quislings doomed both efforts from the start.
Your guide to the Vietnam War
What was the significance of the Korean War?
It is hard to say what the significance of this war was for Koreans. Nothing was really solved, and the national division acquired a tragic permanence. Perhaps the foreign alliances that came with the war were critical – South Korea with the US, and North Korea with China.
But this war had tremendous significance for Americans: defence spending quadrupled as the US took on a mission to contain communism anywhere in the world; a national security state at home managed hundreds of permanent military bases abroad; a large standing army now existed in peacetime for the first time in American history; and a sprawling, hugely funded CIA was a font of power under Allen Dulles, the director (whose brother, John Foster Dulles, was Secretary of State under Eisenhower).
The Korean War also gave a huge boost to both the American and the Japanese economies, with war procurements leading some to call the effort "Japan's Marshall Plan". It all probably would have happened anyway, had the war occurred elsewhere. But it didn't: it happened in Korea, giving the war tremendous significance in the American psyche.
Professor Bruce Cumings teaches in the history department at the University of Chicago and is the author of The Korean War: A History (Random House, 2010)
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