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International Research Journal of Interdisciplinary & Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJIMS)
Number 1-I, 2015
. 89-96
Availability of Information Resources As Determinants of Undergraduates' Use of Internet Search Engines in Two Universities in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Chuks Daniel Oriogu (Blis, Mlis)
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This study focuses on the extent of use of Internet search engines, availability, accessibility and adequacy of information resources to undergraduates' of university of Ibadan and Lead City University Ibadan in Oyo State, Nigeria. The findings shows that majority of the respondents use Internet search engines very often but do not use Boolean operators and advanced options of search engines in searching information on the Web. However, the study revealed that books, journals, Internet, reference sources, Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC), library catalogue, newspapers /magazines, theses/dissertation etc are available, adequate and accessible but e-books, e-journals, e-database are available, adequate but not accessible in the university libraries. Therefore, university libraries should sensitize students by creating awareness of numerous functional Internet search engines and their search mechanism and also make provision for access to and use of e-resources. Key Words: Availability of information resources, Use, Internet search engines, Oyo State, Nigeria
. 180-185
Socio-Economic Analysis of Child Labor in Hyderabad City
Authors: Muhammad Abdullah Avais & Saima Shaikh & Abdul Jaleel Mirjat
A Socio-Economic Analysis of Child Labor in Hyderabad City: This paper explores the hidden factors - pushing our future towards child labor. Sixty five child workers had been selected through the simple purposive sampling technique. All the respondents were male and having age 07-15 years. The result indicates that 49% respondents working at hotel/tea stalls. Albeit to work at hotel/tea stall comes in the category of the worst form of child labor. But, it's unrevealed fact that the worst form of child labor noticed in Hyderabad city. 43% respondents related to Sindhi community and 54% were never ever enrolled for formal education. Fathers of 36% respondents being daily paid workers (Laborer) and 92% respondents initiated to work owing to poverty in other words to support their respective families and 05% initiated to learn skills in their own words. Monthly family income of 30% respondents is less than 6,000 Pakistani rupees. 30% respondents having 07 family members, 20% have 09 and 28% respondents have 08 family members. 49% respondents work 12 hours daily. Their honorarium is very low as compare to their services. Only 17% respondents get Pk Rs: 2,000 -2,500 honorarium per month and 28% respondents get 1,000 – 1,500 honorarium per month. Only 26% respondents have their own homes and 74% respondents live in rented homes. Key Words: Socio-Economic, child labor, Hyderabad city, Sindh
Unparallel ICT in Enhancing the Essence of Democracy and Good-Governance
Authors: Dr. Hanumanthappa D. G
It is true and sooth as far as Abraham linkan's definition of democracy being implausible in a vast global democratic system. The definition of democracy of Abraham linkan is certainly palatable and practically realizable in those ancient times for states, then existed were smaller and nanoscopic and people could directly participate and realize the collective decisions (Abraham linkan defamation –of the people, by the people, for the people). In modern Democracies the Abraham linkan defamation was fast losing its relevance and people were groping in the dark. The citizens were challenging in the system on its essentials/prerequisites the state in modern times not only shirking its responsibility but also getting insulated. It was/is at this juncture the dawn of ICT on the horizon made people redeem nuances of participatory Democracy development rhythm of true democratic ideals ICT's initiation in good governance heralded a new phase of participatory Democracy development attended to the glorious of direct democracy. The emergency of the ICT filled the vacuum existed between govt.and citizens. It also narrowed down the gap between citizens and govt. by holding out their responsibility in terms of development governance in veritably transparent manner.ICT in other words, the net-work of information accessible to all decision makers and also felicitated in decision makers to have a direct access to the existing situation and there by strengthening the decision making process.ICT by its inner Strength restored the democratic strength to the citizenery.Thus the main properties of ICT such as Transfrancy,Participation,Rule of low, Efficiency and Effectiveness etc. Propped up the governing entity get entrenched in good governance also, it opened new visas for creative discourse based on ICT's utility in the field of planning and designing of strategies of development at all levels of governing pyramid. The ICT's the fold opportunities for both ruling and being ruled such that a citizenry could collectively constituency observe the action of ruling class as it is entailed to and in turn the government, in principal, responsibility focus on and positively respond to. Hence, ICT as a potential agency bridging the gap in all aspect of system yielding place for communion development. The role ICT in a wider-Democratic System and good governance was also discussed. Conclusion is also drown keeping in riew its futuristic perspectives and prospects. Key Words: ICT, Governance, Felicitated, Ruling class, Communion development, Wider-Democratic System.
Human Rights in the Globalised world: Entails integrated social adherence
Authors: Dr. Y. S. Balavantagol
The conflict between human rights and globalization can be understood in the parallel historical development of an international human rights regime with a so-called "free trade" regime. These two international regimes have upsurge without entering any real dialogue until till today, although they are claiming to serve the interests of humanity. The true goals of each of these movements are contradictory and cannot be resolved by a movement such as corporate social responsibility (CSR), which originates in the corporate sector. Even though the human rights regime and the global economic regime had a similar normative ideal ambition of advancing human welfare, rights and opportunities, structure of the global economic order made the achievement of these rights impossible. Whereas the primary responsibility for the enforcement of human rights standards lies with national governments, there is a growing acceptance that corporations also have an important role to play. Instruments of the human rights regime attempt to share or complement states responsibilities with private actors' responsibility. Indeed, the human rights regime affirms explicitly the prevalence of the human right to fair remuneration over wealth creation, rationale of the free trade regime. The contradiction is apparent and the human right to fair remuneration highlights the incompatibility of the two regimes. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility; Corporations; Fair Remuneration; Globalization; Human Rights; International Economic Regime.
Need to Curb Election Expenditure
Authors: Mr. D. Narasimhulu & Dr. K. Eswara Reddy
Most of the finance ministers says that there is a need of dis-investment in public limited companies to reduce the fiscal deficit. And also there is a need of FDIs to expedite economic growth. Both should be needed because of in sufficient financial resources in the country. But its only applicable to the economic arena and does not to political arena. These are not my words, the expenditure of recent 16th Lok Sabha General Elections confirms this. According to the estimates of center for media studies, over 35,000 crores of rupees were powered over 810 million voters against around 10,000 crores in 2004. Despite of the ceiling on candidate expenditure, and election commission observations year by year and from one General Election to another General Election expenditure is scaling up as it is a bullet train. Unfortunately neither the candidate nor the political parties properly maintained the accounts of the funds which they have received from unknown sources, and the manner which they have spent. It reflects that most of the money spent by the candidates and political parties is illicit and ill gotten, funded by business industrial houses and corporate companies on the basis of quid pro quo. To fulfill their expenditure for elections they depend upon corporate companies at the Election time. After the Elections the winning party favors them in the form of allotting lands, assigning contracts and also amend the laws in the favor of their interests. Society have been seeing this kind of quid pro quo and scams for the last decade. The give and take policy taking place between the political parties and corporate companies the elections and politics are turned nothing but business. In this commercial political arena the common man has no scope to participate and contest in the Elections due to the more expenditure. These kind of trends may deprive the good governance and threatens the roots of the Democracy, equality and development in the county. So there is a need to curtail the rising Election expenditure to make the Elections free and fair and protect the common man interests. Then only we would able to strengthen the democracy. In this regard this paper analyzes the reasons for rising Election expenditure and its evils and also how to curb the over expenditure of elections. Key Words: Elections, Expenditure, Reforms, Indian Elections, Indian Democracy
Customized Automatic Load Sharing For a Network of Workstations
Authors: Dr.K.Kungumaraj & J.Vijayabharathi
There are various Internet applications such as financial transactions, database access are always running on the Internet Server. Those applications must be able to run on multiple servers to accept an ever increasing number of users and networks need the ability to scale the performance to handle large volumes of client requests without creating unwanted delays. So, load sharing concept must be implemented for better performance as well as to increase the ability to handle more number of users. For these reasons, clustering is of wide interest to the enterprise. Clustering enables a group of independent servers to be managed as a single system for higher availability, easier manageability, and greater scalability. Keywords: Load Sharing, Domain Name Server, Distributed Systems
Traditional Knowledge of Mawalli in Sundarban: A Case Study
Authors: Dr. Tapan Ray
Traditional Knowledge is an important cultural trait of a social group. It is an identity and logical creation of a social group and main weapon of livelihood practices. Traditional Knowledge exhibits technological values, scientific thought and idea. It helps to solve day to day problems, practical works, daily life and livelihood practices. The Mawalli community of Sundarban has vast traditional knowledge. They depend on traditional knowledge for their livelihood practice. They collect wild honey by the help of traditional knowledge. They have acquired this knowledge from their father and forefather through continuous livelihood practices. So, the role of traditional knowledge is an important as livelihood study or community development as like as folk science and folk philosophy study. In this paper I have tried to explain actual traditional knowledge of mawalli which involves in honey collection. Key Words: Traditional Knowledge, Honey collection, Honey preservation, Mawalli, Sundarban.
Women and Equality in India with Special Reference to the Northeast
Authors: Dr. Ranjeet Kumar Tiwary
The women in India continue to face discrimination and other social challenges and are often victims of abuse and violent crimes according to a global poll. Surprisingly while women in the west had to fight for over a century to get some of their basic rights like right to vote, the Constitution of India gave women equal rights with men from the beginning. Unfortunately, women in this country are mostly unaware of their rights because of illiteracy and oppressive tradition. This study is an attempt to discuss on women and equality with special reference to the Northeast. Key Words - Women, equality, education, empowerment, national development
The Caucasus, Its Peoples, and Its History
Authors: Vahid Rashidvash
Caucasia is a broad isthmus between the Black Sea and the Caspian, traversed by a great chain of mountains rising to a height of 18,000 feet. Caucasian peoples, various ethnic groups living in the Caucasus, a geographically complex area of mountain ranges, plateaus, foothills, plains, rivers, and lakes, with grasslands, forests, marshes and dry steppes. The complex of regions harbours more than 50 separate peoples, ranging from language communities with only a few hundred speakers to large national groups numbering millions. This diversity is not of recent date. In no other region of its size in the world are there so many different races and languages. Key Words: The Caucasus, peoples, History, Folklore
SHG Models of Microfinance in Barpeta District of Assam: A Performance Evaluation Study
Authors: Dr. Bhabananda Deb Nath
The services of microfinance are extended through various models and those models are developed to provide effective service to the needy people, mainly among the rural poor and women. Again, among its models, the SHG Models are the Indian home grown models and have dominated the Indian microfinance sector. 'SHG Models' comprises three models named as SHG Model-I, SHG Model-II and SHG Model-III, but only Model-II & III are functional in the area of study and SHG Model-III is found to be more dedicated than Model-II, during the period of study in Barpeta district. In terms of magnitude and coverage, Model-II is spread more than model-III, but in terms of growth and trend, the performance of model-III is found to be more active and growing. Again, performance of models on the selected developmental parameters in this study is mostly found in favour of model-III and SHGs under model-III records better performance than model-II. Key Words: SHG Models, Performance, Barpeta District, Assam.
Federalism and National Integration: Panacea to National Development in Nigeria
Authors: Martins Daniel
This paper examines the context and content of Nigeria's federal arrangements and the missing links in the country's federal practice. The paper further considers the country's efforts at national integration and the daunting hurdles to national integration in Nigeria. Presently, the unity and national development of Nigeria is being increasingly threatened by ethnic and religious crises that have continually plagued the nation since independence. The paper reflects that more than half a century after independence, Nigeria is yet to resolve the problems of national integration, stability and development. The difficulty in forging a united nation after independence has often provoked doubts and debates as to the viability of the Nigerian project. The paper contends that the bizarre federal system operated in Nigeria has also facilitated the emergence of violent religious and ethnic militias, while politicians exploit and exacerbate inter-communal and inter-religious tensions for selfish reasons. The paper maintains that the deeply flawed federal system in Nigeria and failure of successive administrations to evolve an integrated Nigeria has left the nation continuously trapped in the vicious circle of poverty. The paper therefore concludes that the prospects of genuine nationhood and development in Nigeria lies in a swift adoption of true federalism and the building of a strongly united, cohesive and integrated Nigeria. Key Words: Federalism; National Integration; National Development; Nigeria
Medical Negligence and Consumer Welfare: A Challenge to the Nation
Authors: Dr. Manoj Kuamar Sadual
The aim of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 is to secure, protect and promote the consumers rights. The principle of the Act is remaining the same irrespective of the different types of consumption pattern of the consumers. Enjoying 'service' is also under the scope of the Act subject to certain limitations. This paper is specially designed to present the scenario of 'medical services' and its utility towards the patients (Consumers) under the purview of the Act by the help of many judgments and valuable remarks of the Supreme Court of India to adjudge the real relationship between the medical practitioner and patient. Medical negligence is a wrong, gets birth during the various processes of diagnosis, treatment, operation or administration of medicines, where as medical negligence is a prohibited theory in accordance with the medical ethics and medical code of conduct of the medical practitioners. So, 'medical services' and 'consumerism' is discussed in this paper, along with some suggestive and remedial measures at the end with hoping for subjective redefinition of the law by the Apex Court.
Social Values of Women in Abhijnanasakuntalam: An Analysis
Authors: Dr. Pritilaxmi Swain
The Abhijnanasakuntalam is a marvelous work of the great poet and playwright Kalidasa, the brightest star in the firmament of Indian poetry. Kalidasa's imagination holds in perfect fusion the two elements of natural beauty and human feelings. Out of three plays of Kalidasa, Abhijnanasakuntalam is generally regarded as a masterpiece. The word 'Abhijnana' in the title signifies 'a token of recognition' (here a ring), which is instrumental in bringing about the final recognition of Sakuntala by the king. It is a Nataka in Seven Acts, based on the love-story of king Dushyanta and the maiden Sakuntala. Social values form an important part of the culture of the society. Values account for the stability of social order. They provide the general guidelines for social conduct. Values such as fundamental rights, patriotism, respect for human dignity, rationality, sacrifice, individuality, equality, democracy etc. guide our behaviour in many ways. Values are the criteria people use in assessing their daily lives; arrange their priorities and choosing between alternative courses of action. There are Seven Acts in Abhijnanasakuntalam. Each Act of Abhijnanasakuntalam reflects various social values of women which are more beneficial to human society and the present day world. The present paper will try to shed some light on the various social values i.e., emotions, behaviour, attitude, feelings and experiences, mental states, the degree of patience, the quality of forgiveness, reaction to social situations, modesty and decency etc. of Women in Abhijnanasakuntalam. Key Words: Society, Value, Social Value, Social Problem, Behaviour, Attitude, Love, Women
The Inter-linkage between Environment and Women
Authors: Dr. Nabanita Debnath
Abstract Common lands, especially forests, contributes a lot to the rural economy in terms of providing food, fodder and fuel for the daily uses of the poor people. In most of the forest-bound economies, women play an important role in food gathering and fodder collection. Degradation of such common lands makes these poor rural women to spend longer hours in resource collection which affects their time allocation to other household activities. This paper analyses the inter-relationships between environment and gender in the rural forest villages of Tinsukia district during 2005-2010. This paper reveals how the environmental degradation in the rural forest villages of Tinsukia district has an adverse impact on the female members of the rural households, not only in terms of reduced time for leisure and other domestic activities but also in terms of increased number of drop-out rates of the school going girl children. Thus, this paper shows the need for building a natural resource conservation and management structure so that the condition and quality of life of the rural female folks can be improved by addressing the problems of gender biasness in terms of additional work load and education. Key Words:-Environmental degradation, Gender, Resource collection, Quality of life.
'The Nature of Morality' in Gilbert Harman: An Appraisal
Authors: Oyedola, David A
This study examines Gilbert Harman's submission that moral beliefs are incapable of the sort of empirical confirmation characteristic of scientific beliefs, in his work, 'The Nature of Morality.' This study argues that the incapability of moral beliefs to be empirically confirmed characteristic of scientific beliefs, as espoused by Harman, has not undermined the nature of moral beliefs and the existence of moral universe. Nevertheless, the study concedes that the fact that Harman's grounds are appealing, his claim is insufficient. The study will conclude that moral beliefs cannot be reduced to nothingness: because they (moral beliefs) need not be empirically confirmed; a formal relationship between moral beliefs and empirical confirmation is not a matter of necessity; and, they (moral beliefs) have independent existence from scientific observation. The method of philosophical exposition and analysis will be employed. Key Words: Morality, Science, Confirmation, Moral universe, Empirical universe
Influence of Computer Literacy on Students in three University Libraries in South-Western, Nigeria
Authors: Ogbuiyi Darlina Chima
Abstract Computer literacy is critical to students' success in university libraries because of its influence in information organization and service delivery. The application of ICT in the university libraries in Nigeria has necessitated the need for competency in the use of computer. Therefore, the study investigated the influence of computer literacy on students in three university libraries in South-Western, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted. Questionnaire was used to collect data for the study, and descriptive statistical method was used in analyzing the data collected. Simple random sampling techniques were used to administer the questionnaire. The findings revealed that 52.1% of the respondents have fair level of computer literacy skills which they acquire mainly through formal computer / IT training programme and practical self-teaching. Also it shows that the respondents are only proficient on the use of Microsoft word. The findings revealed that inadequate computer in the library and Lack of information literacy and sponsorship to computers/IT training program in the University Libraries are the major challenges encountered. The study recommends that universities should provide adequate computer systems in the library and also equip student with proper training on computer literacy. Key Words: Computer literacy, University libraries, South-Western, Nigeria.
Economic Thought of Raja Rammohun Roy: The Earliest Spokesman of Free-trade in India
Authors: Abhisek Karmakar
Raja Rammohun Roy, one of the makers of modern India was the earliest advocate of liberal economy in India. Like so much about Rammohun his economic ideas were controversial. In his economic ideas, from a broader perspective, Rammohun should definitely be regarded as the earliest member of liberal school. But from a closer observation a huge ambiguity can be estimated in his economic thought. On issues like Colonial economy, Permanent Settlement, Zamindary System, colonization he was so ambivalent that even the contemporary Bengal press remained divided on the question of where to locate him. Did he support the economic policy followed by the East India Company? What was his stand towards contemporary Zamindary System? What was his argument about the free trade or laissez faire economy? These are the interesting questions which the present article is dealing with. So, the main object of this paper is to focus on the economic thought of Rammohun Roy in the early Nineteenth century. Key Words: Colonial Economy, Colonization, Economic Ideas, Zamindary System.
Networking Technology & Its Users: A Growing Concept of Victimology
Authors: Mr. Debabrata Pani
The period of last two decades witnessed a major change in India in the areas of information explosion and technological advancement through wireless networking technology. In this study networking technology indicates two particular technological advancements which are widely used by the public available in the form of Mobile Phone and Internet. The users of these systems are frequently getting victimized during the course of their subsequent use. The users face many complicacies that are beyond their knowledge caused due to these systems. Such situation arises by an intruder, unlawfully without the authorization/permission of the user. As these technological systems work only by the command of the operator, they are unable to render safety to the user, because the operator/intruder may not be the user. Consequently all these three mechanisms are threatening more to their users. Numerous times the users have harassed and being victimized by the application of these systems. So the innocent users became the victims by using these technological systems. The users have surrounded by innumerable malicious items like viruses, worms, hacking, phishing, malware, spyware and many more during the use of these technological systems. Thus networking technology though renders optimum service to its users, but finally leads towards a newer concept of victimology and creates a State full of victims made out of it. On the other hand there are no perfect legal enforcements available in India to curb the victimization of the innocent users caused by the above said technologically developed systems
Youth in Danger-A Case Study of New Life Foundation (A De-Addiction Centre)
Authors: K. M. Jahirul Islam
Youth are the main contributor to the development of any nation. In India, where youth constitute one third of the total population, it is obvious that this young population should be provided with all facilities and support to develop them. Only providing adequate support will not suffice for their development, but appropriate measures should be taken to safeguard them from probable danger. One danger, our young India is exposed to is addiction. It has been identified and well established through various surveys and studies that huge portion our young population are suffering from addiction. Addictions not only affect the individual future, but jeopardize the family, community, society and country as a whole. This case study is of 50 young people suffering from drug addiction admitted in New Life Foundation( a de-addiction centre) for treatment and rehabilitation to show case how the our youth are in danger of addiction. The primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed with the help of frequency and percentage distribution. The study revealed that family crisis, unemployment, peer pressure and inadequate social support have mostly compelled them to face this miserable situation at their early age of life. Key Words: Addiction, alcohol, drug, rehabilitation, treatment, youth.
Socio-Economic analysis of Rural Education: A Case from Dhemaji District, Assam
Authors: Monimugdha Bhuyan
Education is the doorway to the wider world. The education sector is crucial for developing the human capital of countries to innovate and find solutions for sustained and equitable growth. Article 45 of Indian Constitution state that, basic elementary education must be provided to all the children up to the age of fourteen years. Even after 68 years of independence some states of India are still struggling to achieve universal enrolment, retention and quality education. The North Eastern region of India is a thought provoking example of diversity well reflected in the matrix of socio-cultural traits, which are followed by myriads of distinct aboriginal tribal communities inhabiting in this region. The Deoris are also a part of these aboriginal communities inhabiting primarily in the rural areas of Assam. The rural education system of Assam is challenged by various socio-economic factors. Government is making various policies to improve the quality of rural education in the country but in various situations the socio-economic as well as environmental condition prevents the implementation of such policies. The present paper attempts to make an educational assessment of Chenia Deori Village of Dhemaji District, Assam. The Many factors including natural calamities like flood, lack of higher educational institution as well as poor condition of the existing schools are affecting the education system of the village. Such factors are decreasing the enrolment of students in schools and increasing the drop outs. Also the socio-economic condition of the villagers contributes to the wastage and stagnation of school children. Key Words: Rural Education, Socio-economic, Deori, Flood, Drop outs
Indian Legal Profession and International Trade: An Overview
Authors: Rahul Mishra
Legal services encompass a wide range of activities of economic and social consequences both in the developed as well as in the developing world. An important aspect regarding law is that it has a national character because it is part of local culture and life. This creates the main obstacle to cross-border trade in legal services. But amongst all national laws there is good deal of similarities especially in the basic principles abstracted from the observed practices. Further, in the past decades international trade in legal services has increased rapidly as a result of internationalization of the economy. Sectors such as corporate restructuring, privatization, cross border mergers and acquisition, intellectual property rights, new financial instruments and competition law have generated an increasing demand for more and more sophisticated legal services. Increasingly, lawyers are faced with transactions involving multiple jurisdictions and are required to provide services and advice in more than one jurisdiction. The author has discussed the emerging issues in detail in the article. Key words: Trade, GATS, Cross Border, Law
Strategies for English Language Teachers to develop Communication Skills among Engineering and Technology students
Authors: Bishnu Prasad Gogoi
With the emergence of new technology, English has become a global language, and proficiency in English communication skills is considered highly essential for a person's personal and professional growth. Communication generally means the transfer of ideas, feelings, plans, messages, or information from one person to another. Hence, a student of Engineering and Technology cannot ignore the basic skills of communication. In the globalized context, they need a specific set of language skills for their success throughout. Today, it is effective communication in English that fetches students their dream jobs; helps a professional surge ahead of others; keeps afloat a multi-national organization and elevates a common mortal to the dizzy heights of achievements. Thus, it is expected from them to have effective communication skills not just because of decisive breakthroughs in communication technology but also because with each passing day, the impact of the words they say and write seems to grow manifold. At the professional front also, it is communication that decide a person's career curve. It is so, because in the professional world, what professionals do most of the time is communicate. Effective communication skills are indispensable to move them up on the corporate ladder. Keeping this in mind, the English language teacher has to play an important role by taking a judicious responsibility to help the aforesaid students in developing their communication skills. This paper of mine is an attempt to highlight the strategies to be considered by the English language teachers in developing the required communication skills among the students of Engineering and Technology. Key Words: Communication Skills, Proficiency, English Language Teacher, Engineering and Technology, Professionals.
Yoga for the Change of Consciousness: An Integral Vision of Sri Aurobindo
Authors: Nishikant Patoa
The process and the principle of his Yoga, Sri Aurobindo elaborately explained in some of his major works such as The Synthesis of Yoga, Letters on Yoga and Records of Yoga. Although it is not possible to analyze the intuitive realization and the spiritual vision of Sri Aurobindo on the rational ground of the mind as it is a vast ocean of eternal Knowledge, an attempt has been made in this paper to recapitulate and to analyze Sri Aurobindo's Purna Yoga which is a synthesis of essentials of all the traditional systems of yoga and which is at the same time unique in its totality. Key Words: Consciousness, Integral Yoga, Transformation and Surrender.
Impact of Social Media / Social Networks on Education and life of Undergraduate level students of Karimganj town-A survey
Authors: Sudipta Deb Roy & Dr. Sankar Kumar Chakraborty
Social Networking websites like ,Facebook, Myspace, Twitter,Youtube etc becoming more and more popular among the youngsters', because of their attractive feature. Facebook is the most popular social site among the other. Social Networks is only an electronic connection between users but unfortunately it has become an addiction for students, teenagers, and even adults. The impact of social websites can be good on students. But if we have a closer look on the real impact of social networks, we will find its worst sides too. The main focus of students should be education but today's students are emphasizing more on such sites which is a complete wastage of time. This paper discusses the positive and Negative impact of social networks on Education of undergraduate level students as well as on their life, depending on one's interest to use it in a positive manner for his /her education and vice versa .Last but not the least , some suggestive measures mentioned in this paper may be taken in to effect. Key Words: Social Networks, Impact of Social Networks, Education, Web 2.0, Students
Impact of Self-Help Groups on Economic Empowerment of Women in Assam
Authors: Rahul Sarania
The empowerment of women is crucial for the development of a nation. Evidence across nations suggests that the empowerment of rural women can be achieved through the provision of micro-credit to Self-Help Group (SHG) members. This study was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of SHGs in economic empowerment of women in Assam. The study was based on primary data collected from Baksa district of Assam through interview of SHG member beneficiaries. A total of 100 members from 50 groups of two blocks (25 SHGs from each block) formed the sample size of the study. The study revealed that majority of the respondents belongs to the age group of 25 to 45 and have educational qualification of primary education and most of them are married and major portion of the respondents have 4 to 6 dependents. A number of income generating activities were undertaken by the members after joining SHGs. The result showed positive change in indicators of economic empowerment, viz., income, employment and savings after joining the SHG. The calculated value of Wilcoxon signed Ranks Test for the economic indicators were significant. It revealed that majority of the respondent's income, employment days and amount of savings increased in the post-SHG situation as compared to pre-SHG situation. Thus the study concluded that SHGs have been playing a vital role in the empowerment of rural women in the study area. Key Word: SHGs, Women Empowerment, Income, Employment, Savings, Baksa.
Fratricidal Clashes in Bodoland Demand
Authors: Nabin Hakhrari
The Bodoland demand movement in Assam was first started democratically and soon culminated into an extremist movement and two groups viz., National Democratic Front of Bodoland (NDFB) and Boro Liberation Tigers Force (BLTF) played an instrumental role in the process. Both the NDFB and BLTF demand Bodoland, but BLTF demanded a separate state within India; on the other hand,the NDFB has been demanding a sovereign Bodoland outside the Indian union or secession from Indian Union. This ideological difference cause strong loggerheads between the two groups. This caused many fratricidal killings. The demand of BLTF has been partially fulfilled by the formation of Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC), ignoring the demand of NDFB. But, soon after the BTC formation each group became thirsty each others' blood. So far, the Government authorities have not formulated or adopted any long-term strategy for a permanent solution to Bodo Terrorism; rather, they stratified the Bodo leadership and co-opted the middle class by negotiating with their demands. Meanwhile, some more militants have declined to lay down their arms. In view of these developments, this paper examined the factors responsible for the fratricidal killings, the major incidents of fratricidal killings and the strategies that have been exercising by Bodo organisations in dealing with the same. Key Words: Loggerheads, Fratricide, Fratricidal Clashes, Fratricidal Killings, Bodoland.
Empowerment of Rural Woman Through entrepreneurship- An Overview
Authors: Mrs. Manashi Mazumdar & Mrs. Marjina Ahmed
Women's entrepreneurship contributes to the economic well-being of the family and communities and also reduces poverty. It ensures country's economic growth and development. The empowerment of women to a large extent depends on taking part in some development activities. Therefore the promotion of micro and small scale enterprises has been recognized as an important strategy for advancing the economic empowerment of women. At the household level, women's microenterprises and small scale businesses play an important role in ensuring the survival of poor household and in building up women's confidence, skills and socio economic status. However it is seen that women are the most deprived category in the society specifically in developing countries. In India also the economic status of women is very low especially in rural areas and opportunities of earning are very less. In this scenario the Self Help Groups (SHGs) are considered as institutional innovation that fosters empowerment of rural women. Therefore the need for designing exclusive self-employed and other development programmers for promotion of women empowerment is essential. Keeping in view this importance of the research work on women empowerment, the present study aims at discussing some important aspects of women empowerment through micro entrepreneurship development and SHGs. These aspects include status of women SHGs, advantages of micro enterprise in building women empowerment, scope of micro enterprise development etc. Key Words: Empowerment, Entrepreneurship, Micro enterprise, SHGs.
Effects of Cartoon Network on the Behavior of School Going Children (A Case Study of Gujrat City)
Authors: Dr. Zahid Yousaf, Munham Shehzad , Syed Ali Hassan
The main objective of the study is to highlight the psychological behavior of the children's of Pakistan after watching TV Commercials on Pakistani channels. This research paper covers the detailed area of the selected research which is covering the contents of Cartoons; in this research we select the children's of Gujrat City as sample. In this study media effects cultivation theory applied and survey method used for data collection. Study concluded that cartoon series especially Ben Ten influence the children behavior as well as their language. It is significant change in children that they prefer cartoon instead of physical games. Key Words: Cartoons, Television, Culture, Negative effects, Behavior, Language, Violence.
The Portrayal of 'Humanity' in the Fiction of Muhammad Abdul Halim Abdullah: A Discussion
Authors: Farid Uddin Ahmed
In the present day world 'humanity' is the utmost necessary issue to establish in every society; for which many litterateurs used to make efforts to bring the same into the consistence of their writings. In this connection, the Egyptian fiction writer Muhammad Abdul Halim Abdullah also shared his views through his novels; he made portrayal of various issues related to the humanity in particular for showing the moral values in the society. He inquired of the human beings why they are negligent in matters of humanity. In his novels he made depictions of the society in such a way that the humanitarian activities are about to be nullified and subsequently people are oppressed by the dominating sections. In this connection, we find some of his novels that related to the issues of humanity; they are: 'al-Bahith 'an al-Haqîqah (Searching for the Truth), al-Jannah al-'Adhra (the Virgin Garden), Laqîṭa (A Foundling Girl). Moreover, in his short-stories like Ḥâfa al-Jarîma (the Edge of Crime) and al-Nâfidha al-Gharbiyyah (The Western Window); all these novels are concerned with the values of humanity in the greater society of the world. Key Words: Arabic Novel, humanity, fiancé, society, penniless
Ambedkar and woman rights: An analysis
Authors: Satyajit Das
Ambedkar is one of the greatest personalities of 20th century India. His life was a great saga of suffering, sacrifice and struggle. His birth as an untouchable gave him a bitter taste of caste tyranny, oppression and unbearable agony. He was a fighter for the dignity of man and deprived people. His life was a struggle of a champion of human rights. So obviously he was a great thinker of woman and their rights. Being a pioneer of social justice, he always worked for the woman emancipation. His principle aim was to build up a society based on social justice. To secure and fulfill his dreams he thought everybody should be equal irrespective of caste, creed, gender and religion. For that reason he started work for the upliftment of woman and their rights. In this context, the present paper intends and tries to narrate the rights and upliftment of woman in the view of Ambedkar. The endeavor was also given to highlight the relevance of Ambedkar at present day India. Key Words: Ambedkar, woman rights, social justice, relevance, India
Educational Thoughts of Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan
Authors: Dr. Santosh Kumar Behera
Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan the name needs no introduction. A philosopher, a great teacher, a scholar par-excellence, a creative genius, a great humanist, a spiritualist, a man of vision, a man of mission, a man of principles, an idealist, an orator with gift of the gab, an original thinker, an eminent author and then the role of the Executive Head of India are few outlines of this personality. He was one of the greatest educationists in India. He not only enlightened India but also the whole world by his outstanding personality and intellect. He shines like a luminous star in the galaxy of intellectuals. He was a great son of India. His birthday is celebrated as the Teacher's day in India. He was the torch-bearer of the Indian education. His contribution to the field of education, philosophy, religion, culture, science etc. was immemorial. Dr. Radhakrishnan defines education as the instrument for social, economic and cultural change. For social and national integration, for increasing productively, education should be properly utilized. The importance of education is not only in knowledge and skill, but it is to help us to live with others. According to him education should not merely give us some techniques so that we lead successful lives, but should also help us discover "lasting values". The teaching profession was his first love and those who studied under him still remember with gratitude to his great qualities as a teacher. In this milieu, the present paper has tried to focus on the educational thoughts of Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan- Concepts and Functions of Education, Aims of Education, Curriculum, Methods of Teaching, Discipline, Role of Teacher and Relevance of his educational thoughts in today's India. Key Words: Education, Philosophy, Religion, Educational thoughts, Man-Making, Character-forming, Life-building.
A Study of Effectiveness of Micro-teaching on trainee teachers and Students with reference to few training colleges and schools of Burdwan District in West Bengal
Authors: Dr. Pankaj Kumar Paul & Srikanta Nandi
This paper tries to analyze the effectiveness of micro teaching on trainee pre-service and in-service teachers and students of training colleges and senior secondary level schools of Burdwan district in West Bengal. The study includes of two hundred teachers and one hundred students of different areas of Burdwan district in West Bengal. The analysis were undertaken by the Students' t- test and the results indicate that micro teaching have a significant positive impact in alleviating the difficulties of traditional class room teaching. A binary logit regression model has been fitted to establish the nature and magnitude of relationship between efficacy of micro teaching and a set of selected factors undertaken for the present study of the trainee teachers and students. Key Words: Micro teaching, Students't- test, traditional class room teaching, binary logit regression.


To provide guidance to those designing and installing solar heating systems and to support training and certification schemes, the Domestic Building Services Panel of CIBSE has drawn up this Guide to cover the design and installation of solar domestic water heating.
The Guide covers the predominant types of such systems and notes their advantages and disadvantages. The broad range of systems covered will assist those engaged in repair and maintenance work to understand the principles of operation of a great deal of the equipment that has been installed to date. The Guide underwent a process of revision and update for this edition, published in February 2016.


You put your heart and soul into your nonprofit.
You're doing amazing work, but you're just not getting the buzz you want, and your following and donations are not growing as you hoped.
Are you marketing the same way you did in 2013 and expecting new results?
If so, it's probably time to assess your marketing strategy and determine how to make your efforts more effective.
Let's take a look at 10 ways you can make your marketing more effective to truly generate more interest in everything your nonprofit is working on.
To market effectively and build an army of raving fans, you first need to really understand the people who are most likely to support your nonprofit.
Who are your biggest supporters now? What do they do? What do they like? How much have they supported you financially? How much have they volunteered? How did they find you? What do they love about you?
Answering these questions is a great way to build a persona of your ideal target audience. Actually creating a persona is a great first step to help you better understand how to communicate with your ideal target audience.
A persona is essentially a pretend bio with all kinds of information about your ideal target audience. To create one, gather everything you know about the people who donate and volunteer the most and write it down as though it were contained within 1 person, or a small group of different people.
This will allow you to speak directly to that person in all your marketing. It's a really effective tool that focuses your message and make it more personal. Best of all, your marketing will better connect with people who share the same characteristics and interests of your persona.
To market effectively, you've got to have a plan in place to keep you focused on your goals, and prevent you from chasing every shiny idea you come across.
What is working for you now? What isn't? Think about this and come up with a strategy that focuses on a few of your best marketing tactics.
What is your budget? Make sure you're using your budget on the things that are most effective. For example, if you're spending $100/month on Facebook ads, $100/month on Twitter ads, and $100/month on Google ads, but Google ads are lagging way behind the other 2 platforms, you may want to re-distribute your budget to the 2 more effective channels.
If Twitter and Facebook are the clear winners, you may want to focus your energy and becoming an expert in those two platforms. Why spread yourself thin?
This isn't to say that you shouldn't try new tactics and ways of speaking with your community, but make sure you maintain focus on proven strategies.
This goes back to the point about understanding your target audience. Once you really understand your target audience, you can produce content that they crave.
Let's say you're an environmental nonprofit who understands that their target audience is millennials who are very concerned about the future but are frustrated because they don't know how to make a difference. You could create a series of videos or blog posts on ways that members of your organization have made an impact on the environment through your nonprofit.
Knowing that millennials are likely to be very active on social media and are consumers of video content are two important things to be aware of when considering what content to create.
No two social media platforms are the same. So why blast the same message across all your platforms?
Take Facebook and Twitter. You can really marinate in your storytelling with Facebook, but the character limits make Twitter better for short, real-time bursts of information. If you send a blast to both, you're going to inevitably short-change one of those platforms. For example, you'll have to cut your story short for Twitter. Or if you post all you can to maximize the character count, you'll be limiting tweets reach on twitter.
Bottom line, whatever social media platforms you prefer, learn the platforms well, and make sure to maximize their unique strengths by using them as they are intended.
Nonprofits do pretty well at posting regularly on Facebook, probably because it's been the go-to social platform for nonprofits since its inception.
But what about your other platforms? Are you constantly communicating with your email list in a way that encourages engagement? My advice would be to treat email like a social platform; communicate consistently, ask questions, encourage interaction, ask for support very strategically.
The same goes for your blog. Are you consistently writing content that your community values? If you're stuck, just share stories about the inner workings of your nonprofit. Share your successes and challenges (and yes, your failures). Keep your community on the edge of their seats!
If you're great at communicating via video, do so on a regular basis. For instance, if you like Facebook or Instagram live, make sure you're jumping on there regularly, interacting with your nonprofit's community.
Stories are the currency of the nonprofit world. Are you using storytelling consistently and effectively?
Understanding that you are a storyteller is step one. We're all storytellers on a daily basis. Every interaction we have with those around us involves storytelling, regardless how short the story is.
Getting comfortable with storytelling will open doors no matter what marketing you're doing.
We all LOVE stories, and for many people, this is the primary purpose of consuming any content. We want to learn, and learning in the form of stories is probably the most entertaining and therefore effective way of retaining learned information.
Character: This is the subject of your story. This could be you, a person who receives your services, a donor explaining their story, and beyond!
Conflict: This part should be easy to rhapsodize about - what is the challenge your character is facing?
Resolution: How was the conflict resolved for your character? How did your organization make a difference?
Using these key story elements in your marketing is crucial. Continuing to hone your storytelling skills is as well!
""When we were children, we all knew how important stories were. Many of us demanded them every night, sometimes over and over again. We like to be entertained, and we definitely like to hear about the impossible.
Working on your marketing strategy? You may find this Nonprofit Marketing cheat sheet useful!
For many nonprofits, even the TOPIC of the website is a sore subject! You know how important it is to have an attractive, functional website, but how do you get to that point? How do you know if your website is working or not?
Is there a prominent 'Donate' button above the fold (showing on the top of the screen before you scroll down)? You need to make it easy to donate, become a member, and volunteer, and make it obvious where to do so.
Does it look good? Yes, the attractiveness of your website is a key part of what keeps people interested in your message. If your site looks like it was designed in 2003, it WILL hurt your credibility and trustworthiness.
Is the site mobile-responsive? I don't even have to quote stats here. The trend is clear: people are using mobile devices at a rapidly increasing rate. If your site isn't mobile responsive, visitors will leave almost immediately.
Is there an email sign-up offer? Don't let visitors slip away without making contact! Find something to offer visitors that they'll be happy to exchange their email for. This way you can keep in touch and develop a relationship!
Is the menu concise, clear, and easy to navigate? Many nonprofits over-do the menu, basically displaying a whole sitemap in the website header. Simple, well thought out menus with descriptive titles and brief, well organized sub headings make site navigation much easier for visitors.
One more pro-tip: Look at the websites of the most successful nonprofits in your field. You may not be able to afford the design, but you can emulate the language, basic structure and layout pretty easily with a little help from a local developer.
According to Adobe, email has an ROI of $40 for every $1 spent. That beats organic search and paid search combined!
As I mentioned above, finding ways to bring visitors into your community should be your goal. Most aren't ready to donate or volunteer right away, but many are willing to exchange their email for access to something they value.
""Take the time to really think through what you have to offer your website visitors and then craft a compelling call-to-action to subscribe that gets them excited to be on your email list.
Create a guide that tells your story or solves a problem for your audience: educating people about your cause, your organization, or other key info that your followers should know.
Create a petition. This has the dual purpose of getting signatures for a cause, plus building your email list.
Another dual purpose list builder is a survey. Get key information from people who share a common interest with your nonprofit's mission and build your list at the same time.
Create an email course on a topic that your target audience would want to know.
Create a video series based on your most popular blog posts and send them out in 5 emails.
Make a cheat sheet: For example, if you have a focus on nutrition or local foods, make a PDF of a list of all the local farms and their specialties in your area.
In lieu of the traditional 'sign up for our newsletter', focus your efforts on asking people to sign up to your email list in exchange for access to one of the above. There's much more incentive for website visitors to do so, and you'll start off on the right foot by providing value to their lives, and welcoming them into your community!
Marketing is SO much easier when you have an arsenal of tools and resources to help you do better work and save time and money. Everyone has different needs and interests so I'd suggest doing your research to find the tools that will help you.
Google Drive: Word style docs, Excel style sheets, and PowerPoint style docs? Yes please! All in the cloud and a whole team can edit at once.
Funnelytics: This free funnel mapping tool allows you to instantly bring your funnel ideas to life with the click of a button.
Coogle: Brainstorm all your projects with this interactive drag and drop mind-map builder.
Creative Commons: Search for free photos that you can modify and legally use for commercial purposes.
Headliner: Create short videos with text to use on social media for free.
Persona Creator by Xtensio: Remember point 1: Know your target audience? This will help you create that persona of your ideal target audience.
OptinMonster: Create optin-forms for those email list building resources I mentioned above.
Who is the focus of your marketing materials? Is it your organization or your audience? Sure, you do need to communicate what your nonprofit is all about, but how are you fitting your audience into the storyline?
People are accessing your organization from many different area and many levels of awareness about what you do and how you involve your community. Your job is to make sure you guide visitors at every stage and present attractive options for them to become involved.
The more you think about your target audience and their interests, expectations and goals (as opposed to your own), the better your organization will be.
It's great that you're working to hone your marketing skills. Nonprofit marketers probably face more challenges that their business counterparts so it's really important to keep learning and discover ways to help your NP grow!
Create an audience persona using this tool. Just think about everything you know about your ideal target audience right now, and create a bio of that person to guide your marketing. As you move forward, you can do more research and update the persona.
Tell a story about your organization on social media. If you don't manage your nonprofit's account, just share something on your preferred social media platform.
Audit your organization's website. You don't need to necessarily share your audit with the executive director, but see what you can find that would improve things, based on point #7 and compared to other high-profile websites you find.
© 2019 Patrick J. Liddy - All Rights Reserved.


AUGUST 29, 2017 – "Our adversaries have been modernizing," warns Marine Lieutenant General Vincent Stewart, as he spoke to the group of reporters, business representatives and academic experts gathered for the Industry Days series at the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) headquarters in Washington, D.C.
During Industry Days, top thinkers at the U.S. government and in the private sector meet to collaborate on how commercial technologies could help solve problems that agency experts have identified.
Percipient.ai, led by former US Joint Task Force Commanding General Balan Ayyar, showcased how artificial intelligence can be applied to video to scour hundreds of hours of video at speed and scale to track potential adversaries and help protect the U.S. forces.
"This is a kind of capability that helps you get into productive analytics and helps you protect forces," said company cofounder Balan Ayyar. "You can check any person in any video," he said.
Click here to read Jeff Seldin's article about Percipient.ai's DIA Industry Days presentation about artificial intelligence in video analytics.


text:
Q: Check if Job is already in queue using Laravel 5 and Redis I've implemented a jobs queue a few days ago and I've been experiencing problems with duplication, I'm currently working with Redis and followed the Laravel's official tutorial.
In my case, whenever someone goes to the homepage, a job is sent to the queue, lets take this example:
HomeController's index() :
public function index()
{
    if(/*condition*/){
          //UpdateServer being the job
          $this->dispatch(new UpdateServer());
    }
}

Since this task takes about 10 seconds to complete, if there's n requests to my homepage while the task is being processed, there will be n more of the same job in queue, resulting in unexpected results in my Database.
So my question is, is there any way to know if a certain job is already in queue?

A: I know it's very old question, but I'm answering it for future Google users.
Since Laravel 8 there is the "Unique Jobs" feature - https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/queues#unique-jobs.

A: For anyone wondering why
Queue::size('queueName');

is not the same size as
Redis::llen('queues:queueName');

is because Laravel uses 3 records to count the size of a queue, so if you want the true number of jobs in the queue you must do:
Redis::lrange('queues:queueName', 0, -1);
Redis::zrange('queues:queueName:delayed', 0, -1);
Redis::zrange('queues:queueName:reserved', 0, -1);

Now you can evaluate if your desired input is in one of those queues and act according.

A: I know it's an old question but I find myself coming back here again and again from Google so I wanted to give it an answer. I wanted an easy way to view the jobs in the queue inside my Laravel application on a dashboard and used the following code.
$thejobs = array();

// Get the number of jobs on the queue
$numJobs = Redis::connection()->llen('queues:default');

// Here we select details for up to 1000 jobs
$jobs = Redis::connection()->lrange('queues:default', 0, 1000);

// I wanted to clean up the data a bit
// you could use var_dump to see what it looks like before this
// var_dump($jobs);
foreach ($jobs as $job) {

    // Each job here is in json format so decode to object form
    $tmpdata = json_decode($job);
    $data = $tmpdata->data;

    // I wanted to just get the command so I stripped away App\Jobs at the start
    $command = $this->get_string_between($data->command, '"App\Jobs\\', '"');
    $id = $tmpdata->id;

    // Could be good to see the number of attempts
    $attempts = $tmpdata->attempts;
    $thejobs[] = array($command, $id, $attempts);
}

// Now you can use the data and compare it or check if your job is already in queue

I don't recommend doing this, especially on page load such as the index page like the op has done. Most likely you need to rethink the way you are doing things if you need to have this code to check if a job is running.
The answer is specific to queues running Redis.

A: You can do it in jobs handle function and skip work if another same job is scheduled
public function handle()
{
    $queue = \DB::table(config('queue.connections.database.table'))->orderBy('id')->get();
    foreach ($queue as $job){
        $payload = json_decode($job->payload,true);
        if($payload['displayName'] == self::class && $job->attempts == 0){
            // same job in queue, skip
            return ;
        }
    }

    // do the work
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In the summer of 2012 we visited Japan for two weeks as part of a research project on land snail biodiversity supported by the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science. We spent much of our time at Tōhoku University in Sendai at the laboratory of our collaborator Satoshi Chiba, as well as a week exploring southern and eastern Hokkaido, and a day in western Tokyo helping the regional conservation authorities survey an endangered wetland site. This was the first time we had visited any country in the Far East, and we came away with a great appreciation for the culture and landscape of this wonderful place.
The main part of the Japanese archipelago extends over 1200 miles from the north tip of Hokkaido (Konpoku Pass in picture to left is at roughly the same latitude as Linda's hometown of Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin) to the Tokara Islands off the south coast of Kyushu (roughly the same latitude as New Orleans, Louisiana). The islands of Japan have formed at the juncture of the Pacific, North American, Eurasian, and Philippine plates, and as a result are subject to not only frequent large earthquakes and volcanism, but associated tsunamis along the coast and landslides in the interior. Japan is also subject to tropical cyclones (typhoons) with their associated high winds, heavy rain, flash floods and even more landslides. The dynamic nature of Japan's environment was never far removed from us during this trip, whether it was seeing cracks in the stairway to Satoshi's second floor laboratory -- lingering damage from the 2011 Great Tōhoku earthquake, to the volcanoes that presided over our sampling from Abishiri to the Kanto Plain (Mt. Fuji as seen from Tokyo in the image to the right), to our difficulty in finding deep accumulations of leaf litter and humus in many habitats because the of frequency at which they had been swept clean in the recent past.
Humans arrived in these islands at least 50,000 years ago, before the climax of the last ice age. These people were largely hunter-gatherers that lived much like the cultures of the Pacific Northwest in North America, and largely subsisted off the abundant fish, shellfish, and seaweed in the Pacific. Permanent agriculture gradually developed with Japanese, Korean, and northern Chinese agriculturalists domesticating a number of local plants including various millets, tubers and radishes, cabbage, adzuki beans, great burdock, soybeans, buckwheat, bunching onions, peaches and persimmons. The relatively mild climate, abundant moisture, and rich soils derived from volcanic eruptions allowed Japanese farmers to produce a diverse and abundant larder from which to feed their people. If there is one single book you should read about Japanese agriculture, we recommend the "One Straw Revolution" by Masanobu Fukuoka, which relates how traditional Japanese culture addresses the growing of food and tending of fields, and makes a strong case that we must do a better job of feeding ourselves.
The indigenous belief system of the Japanese is Shinto, which honors the spirit present in all things, whether living or not. It is common to see shrines honoring the local spirits of place, whether it be a riverside, forest grove, roadside, or even an alcove in a shopping mall (as seen at Sendai to the right). Because of the dynamic nature of Japan's environment, any place could be completely wiped clean in a moment from any number of natural calamities. As a result, wabi-sabi (侘寂) -- the acceptance and appreciation of transience -- became a guiding principle of Shinto. In fact, one of the most sacred Shinto Shrines, at Ise in Mie Prefecture (伊勢神宮), is completely dismantled and rebuilt every 20 years (see image to left). The Japanese are thus able to take their unsettled environment in stride. Only a little over a year after the Great Tōhoku earthquake we observed little remaining damage within Sendai. The Port of Sendai had been completely cleaned up and was back in operation, allowing us to embark on the Hokkaido ferry from what was literally ground-zero of Sendai's tsunami damage.
While a single Indian masala is often made from literally dozens of spices and herbs (see the Balti Masala Paste for an example), Japanese cuisine takes only a few flavorings -- primarily soy sauce, miso (fermented soy paste), sake, mirin (sweet sake), rice vinegar, dashi (flavored stock), and sesame -- to bring out the flavors found within food. It is almost unheard of for a Japanese dish to contain more than a dozen ingredients. But, as you'll see, even though the same flavorings are used again and again each dish tastes different and is evocative of its principle ingredients, whether they be spinach, daikon, gobo, green beans, or eggplant.
Japanese cuisine is a wonderful place to find inspired vegetarian cooking. By the 8th century principles of vegetarianism had become well established in Japan via Buddhist doctrine imported from China. For this month, we'll show you how to make a vegetarian meal that celebrates the end of winter and the coming of the spring, adapted from two of our favorite Japanese cookbooks: The Book of Miso by William Shurtleff & Akiko Aoyagi and Japanese Cooking for the American Table by Susan Fuller Slack.


I have a Windows certification authority that I am using to issue client authentication certificates via .net / c#. I have been able to successfully get it to issue certificates programmatically by calling the certification authority's API through COM. I issue a new certificate when I set up a client.
At runtime, these clients attach the certificates to requests to my server. How can I verify programmatically that an X509Certificate2 was signed by the root certificate of my certificate authority (and reject certificates signed by any other source)?
I've done this a lot. Here's some easy code you can use.
The part in the if (!isChainValid) block is to make a pretty error message. You don't have to use that if you don't want, but you should throw an error if the chain cannot be built. The chain elements are necessary to check for your root.
// This part is very important. You're adding your known root here.
// It doesn't have to be in the computer store at all. Neither certificates do.
If you say you have a root (which is self-signed) certificate, then your only option is to keep this root certificate available on your server (without the private key of course) and perform certificate validation procedure against your root certificate. This is a mirrored situation to the web client validating server certificate chain.
You can also use the built in method Verify() for X509Certificate2.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged c# .net security certificate or ask your own question.


text:
import pandas as pd
from numba import njit

@njit
def series_str_contains():
    series = pd.Series(['dog', 'foo', 'bar'])

    return series.str.contains('o')  # Expect series of True, True, False

print(series_str_contains())

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: showing progress bar or loading icon untill page fully loads? I'm populating large JSON data to Jtable. It takes approx 1 min to load. What I want is show progress bar untill the page fully loaded.I've gone through some Stackoverflow solution but doesn't work for my problem.
 records = eval(objLangugaeTranslatorExt.listRecords(self._lastPostData));
                data['Records'] = records;
                data['TotalRecordCount'] = Object.keys(records).length;
                self._removeAllRows('reloading');
                self._addRecordsToTable(records);//Here I add the records to table taking too much time.

Please help me with this,
Thanks in Advance.

A: Do not use eval()! It is dangerous for using it on user-data.
You can do one thing, in your _addRecordsToTable() function, show the loading DOM element:
$(".loading").show();

And after the loading code, you can put:
$(".loading").hide();

And for the HTML:

Just after the  tag. And in the CSS:
.loading {position: fixed; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; background: url("loading.gif") center center no-repeat rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);}


Monetary vouchers for Colchester Zoo are available to purchase in denominations of £5 and £10.
They will be sent to you in a presentation wallet ready to wrap up as a wonderful gift!
• This voucher can be exchanged for standard admission at Colchester Zoo as well as purchases in selected restaurants and the zoo shop.
• The voucher cannot be exchanged or refunded for cash.
• Where the face value of the voucher is not used in full, no change will be given.
• Colchester Zoo Ltd is under no liability to replace or refund vouchers that are lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed whether they have been redeemed or not.
• Vouchers re-sold or transferred for profit or commercial gain will be void.
• This voucher is redeemable only at Colchester Zoo.
• When sending vouchers by post we use Special delivery, this allows Colchester Zoo to track your order from end to end; Colchester Zoo cannot be responsible for vouchers lost in the post.
Online Shop terms & conditions apply.


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text:
Here's What My Transgender Friends Think Of 'I Am Cait'
Written by Dave White on July 29, 2015
According to recent polls, nearly 25 percent of Americans do not know what the word "transgender" means. Only 10 percent report that they actually know a transgender person. Of course, more than that percentage probably know a trans person, but for any number of reasons, their trans friends or family members aren't comfortable telling them yet.
I'm lucky to have a handful of trans friends, and I knew that when Caitlyn Jenner announced her transition – with a concurrent reality series documenting her initial steps into public life after years of hiding in plain sight – they'd have something to say about it. So I got my pals Skyler and Aidan to watch I Am Cait with me, and tell me what they thought about it. Now you're lucky, too.
Dave White: Taken together, this show and I Am Jazz (TLC's program about 13-year-old Jazz Jennings and how she navigates adolescence as a trans girl) feel like a one-two punch of trans education for people who've never encountered it. One show comes from the world of celebrity and the other from suburban middle-class family life, different narratives, neither feeling like a token offering. Is something big erupting here?
Skyler: I think it's absolutely amazing. And for Caitlyn, to be such a high-profile person transitioning, that's incredible. It's important for people to see this. She's reaching people my parents' age. She's also reaching young people who watch the Kardashians. It's amazing how she's spanning the generations. It's huge. And she's a Republican, so she's also spanning the political realm.
Aidan: And Caitlyn has fabulous hair. Honestly, that was my first thought. Having said that, it wasn't all body sensationalism, which I appreciated. I was afraid [the show] was going to be this tabloid experience, given her associations with the Kardashians. But this was surprisingly tender. And I liked how the family experience seemed very much in keeping with how lots of families deal with having a trans person in their midst.
How did her family situation play to you? Did it reflect any of your own experience?
Skyler: Oh, yes. I come from a mixed Republican/Democrat family, my dad is a Republican. My mom is a Democrat. Lots of lively arguments due to that. Watching my dad deal with my transition stuff as a conservative Republican was much different from watching my mom, whose response was much more like Cait's mother. Conservatives simply have a harder time with this. And to see a Cait doing this, not just being openly trans, but openly Republican. Will those people write her off? Will she effect any change in their stance on this issue?
Exactly. She takes a lot of shit for being Republican. But if you think about it, she's rich. Lots of rich people are Republican. They like their money more than they like just about anything. But now, yes, a famous Republican is trans. How interesting that's going to be.
Skyler: And she doesn't talk about her politics much. I wonder if it'll come up more now in the show, or if she'll ultimately change her politics. I'll be watching for that.
Aidan: This the white, wealthy trans experience, to be sure. "Hey, here's this new wardrobe given to me by my designer friends." Because that's everyone's experience.
Do we think the show will move into the body/surgical aspect of all of this?
Aidan: One thing I found interesting, and not at all surprising, is that everyone's first comments are always about the way the person looks and how the non-trans people are surprised. I mean, really, what the fuck? "Oh, you're so beautiful. And let me sound surprised by how beautiful I think you look." Maybe we could be concerned with you having the same personality you've always had, instead?
Having said that, something going on within the trans community right now is this insistence on not asking people about genitals and their bodies. And I get it. I understand why. It is very personal. We don't ask everyone about this, just trans people. But as a trans person, I kind of want to know. I want to know the process that other trans people experience. I feel guilty about that now because I'm breaking the rules. I don't get to want to know that information. But I think our bodies are important, too. So I'm conflicted. It's natural. And getting mad at people about it isn't quite fair.
They talk a lot on I Am Jazz about her hormone blockers and estrogen shots. They go there. Caitlyn not so much. Actually, so far, not at all.
Aidan: This new generation of trans kids. I feel like my grandfather for saying this, but it's like night and day. With hormone blockers, kids with access to it won't have to have bilateral mastectomies because they never grew tits. They never have to have their jawbone or Adam's apple shaved down because puberty never got the chance.
Skyler: I'm glad they focused on relationships here. I loved seeing Cait's mother and her religious questions. That was big in my family. My mom quoted the same stuff from the Bible about cross-dressing. That's going to be important for religious people to see play out on TV, too. She doesn't know how to speak about it yet. And Bruce – oh god, I just did it myself, sorry – Caitlyn, is pretty chill about pronouns and names right now. Everyone gets to go at their own pace with her.
It's hard for family to switch a pronoun right off the bat. They grew up with that person. It takes time. And parents are the hardest. It's been 20 years for me, and my mother still slips up pronouns occasionally. Grandparents, it's even harder. You can't really be too upset about that. I'm happy that we get to see families here being real and fucking up along the way.
Caitlyn's sister has known for 35 years. That's since Can't Stop The Music.
Skyler: Right, and how did they keep that from their mom for so long? You can see she was sad that they didn't trust her with that information.
Aidan: And then there was that beautiful moment. Her mom saw her for the first time and said, "Oh, there you are." I don't think she even heard herself say that, or understood what it meant, that she was seeing her child as herself for the first time. There you are.
Let us discuss Kim and Kanye.
Skyler: I loved what Kanye said about living your own life.
Aidan: I had this idea of Kanye being kind of a jerk, but his statement was really nice and supportive, awkward hug and all.
And saying "fuck" in front of Grandma. No bad swears in front of Grandma, please, Kanye.
Aidan: Kim was tearing that closet apart! "This has to go!" And poor Caitlyn had already selected those things. And her idea to prank Kris Jenner by arranging for Caitlyn to wear a dress she already owned. Kind of mean, kind of funny. Ok, very funny and very mean. Sure, this is exactly the appropriate time to pit your parents against each other in a "Who wore it best?" challenge.
Those are some serious clothes in that closet, though.
Aidan: I think that can be the first step for a lot of trans people, how they present themselves. Bruce was a known as an athlete, a "man's man." So it feels logical, I think, for that pendulum to swing hard in the other direction toward the High Femme of Caitlyn. That isn't how so many trans people are. It's the entire spectrum. But people have no problem just asking you, "Well if you're a woman, but a butch woman, then why not just stay a lesbian?" And the answer is, "Because I'm not a lesbian. I'm a man." Or, you're a man but really feminine, why not just stay a man, or identify as genderqueer?"
And the answer is "Because I'm the one who gets to tell you what I am. Not the other way around."
Aidan: Exactly. We impose so much on everyone.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Convert string name of JS Object to instance of JS Object I have a function, which receives 2 params: a variable, and a string representation of a data type ('String', 'Object' etc):
function typeChecker(variable, dataType) {
    // checks type, returns true or false
}

I want to convert the second parameter to a constructor, so that this expression does not throw an error:
variable instanceof 'Date'

Question: Is it possible to convert any of these:
'String'
'Date'
'Object'

To these:
String
Date
Object

A: Those constructors all happen to be members of the global object (either window in the browser or global in Node.js), so you could do one of
variable instanceof window['Date']
variable instanceof global['Date']

If your constructor does not exist as a member o the global object, you can check if any prototype in the value's prototype chain is associated with a constructor whose name matches the desired string:
function checkIfValueIsOfTypeName(value, typeName) {
    while(value = Object.getPrototypeOf(value)) {
        if(value.constructor && value.constructor.name === typeName) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

This is more or less how instanceOf operates internally, except instanceOf directly compares constructor to the right-hand value, instead of comparing its name to a string, which is what you want to do.

A: You can use typeof
console.log(typeof 10);
// output: "number"

console.log(typeof 'name');
// output: "string"

console.log(typeof false);
// output: "boolean"


text:
Turkey: State's massacre in Cizre
Batuhan Eren Ünlü, Sosyalist Alternatif (CWI Turkey)
Looming civil war can only be countered by a united struggle of working people
On the night of 7 February, the official state media, TRT, raised doubts over a reported mass murder in Kurdish cities, where a curfew has been imposed for months. The news report claimed that security forces had been conducting a military operation in a basement floor in Cizre, which had been held by "terrorists" for 12 days, and that as a result of the operation 60 people were killed. Such developments show that the war carried out against the Kurds in Turkey has reached new levels.
President Erdoğan and his government ended a 'peace resolution' process and started a war, in which all kinds of heavy weapons have been used against the Kurdish movement's efforts to build "self-rule" after the June 7 elections, last year. Following the curfew, which has been implemented for five months, a military operation was unleashed by police special operation forces and the military. In numerous districts, such as Sur and Silopi, the curfew is still going on. In Sur, a central district in Diyarbakır, the curfew is over two months old.
Hundreds of civilians, including women and children, have already been killed. Hundreds of buildings and houses have been destroyed or made uninhabitable. Tens of thousands of people had to flee their homes. Daily public services, such as education and healthcare, are defunct.
What is happening in Cizre?
Likewise the Cizre district of Şırnak has been turned into a wreckage, similar to Syrian war torn cities. On 23 January, on the 41st day of the curfew, a group of people (28 of whom were injured and who fled due to missile hitting their homes) took shelter in a basement floor. The following day, HDP (People's Democratic Pary) representatives made demands to the Ministry of the Interior and immediately three of the injured were pronounced dead. Yet neither the injured nor the dead were taken out of the basement. HDP representatives staged a hunger strike in response, demanding their evacuation. The Şırnak governorship claimed that ambulances had been sent to but that the injured did not give any "positive reaction". In the meantime, the Supreme Court announced the rejection of the HDP's appeal on the basis of the fact that legislative and security rights of the injured were being violated and torture was used.
As the days went by, reaction to the increasing number of dead mounted. A team from the TTB (Turkish Medical Association) and SES (Union of Health and Social Service Workers) was denied entry to Cizre, under the accusation of being "activists". Efforts by people who were trying to reach the basement floor were hindered and 11 people trying to access the basement with a white flag were taken into custody. Furthermore, despite of audio and visual records from the basement, the government falsely claimed that gun shots came from the basement towards an ambulance, and claimed "maybe there is no injured in the basement".
After the TRT news report stating that "60 people were captured dead", Prime Minister Davutoğlu immediately denied it and revised the number down to 10, based on the information that the local governor released. The TRT rapidly removed this news from its website. It is suspected that this correction was done due to the fear of a mass wave of indignation. In 2014, a revolt erupted, especially in the Kurdish areas, because of ISIS' siege on Kobane and due to President Erdoğan's role in encouraging it.
The co-chair of the HDP, Selahattin Demirtaş, told his party: "For almost 20 days, Cizre has been the subject of atrocities. In spite of all the false information, here is the situation: on that street there are 70-90 people in a few buildings. Most of them are civilians. Some of them are university students who are there for solidarity, and some of them are people from Cizre. For 20 days, special operations forces are attacking them with tanks and cannon, 24 hours a day. There is no 'conflict'. Those buildings are shot ex-parte. There are some citizens who have made calls from those buildings. 'There are injured civilians here', they say; 'we want to get out', they say; 'they start to shoot the second we try to reach out to the window', they say...
Demirtaş added: "Our opinion is that all of those people were murdered. They [the state] don't explain it. We had explained that they were alive. There are 32 minutes of recordings. They went live on TV. They were alive. Now they [the state] made a mass massacre and they can't explain it. They are trying to obscure it. The military operation is over in Cizre but they deliver bodies to the streets. They deliver bodies killed by mass murder in demolished buildings, they were killed right there."
Danger of civil war
It seems that the government has managed to cover their murders by reacting rapidly and barred a possible explosion of discontent, for now. But, at the same time, it is also clear that the AKP government is stuck in a swamp in the Kurdish cities. Government officials have been stating that the five-month-operation was planned to be a Blitzkrieg, short but effective. However it was not as short as planned. And the latest Cizre incident points out that explosive discontent is accumulating in the country.
The working class in the western part of Turkey has been under the influence of strong nationalist propaganda since June, and this has come to a dangerous stage. A large part of society prefers to turn their heads away and pretend that such incidents do not happen. Some support the state and have a Turkish nationalist approach. For the moment, only socialists and parts of the left actively oppose those government's policies and they are overwhelmed by state pressure. The one-sided, manipulative and demagogical language of the media continues to fuel nationalism and hatred. It is in this kind of climate that saw Kurds in the west facing violent attacks last September.
However the hope that the government will, at some point, sit down and re-start negotiations with the Kurds still exists amongst many of them. This is one of the reasons why an ethnic civil war has not yet erupted. This is also why the Kurds did not go for an all-out revolt, like the Kobane-related revolt on 6-7 October, in spite of all the attacks they have been victims of. The fact that the HDP and the Kurdish movement are still holding the door open for negotiations, even in their most radical speeches and during the most brutal incidents of state repression, is another reason for this patience. However, massacres like Cizre, and the prolonged military operations, will change this attitude drastically in the Kurdish cities.
An interview of a mother of a shooting victim at Cizre, carried on 10 February in the Cumhuriyet newspaper, reveals the level of atrocity, disappointment and anger: "They are all gangsters engaged in a dirty war. We screamed for peace but from now on I don't want peace anymore. What did those people in the basement do to deserve attacks with tanks and chemical weapons? And they [the state] put their [the dead] pictures on the internet, just to torture us. They are torturing the people… We don't want peace any more, the more we burst for peace, the more they overrun with tanks and cannon, and they burnt our children, now it is time for war."
The country has turned into a cluster of two clouds, one in the east and one in the west, which are getting charged day by day and have a high risk of collision. It is certain that the only winner of this collision would be Erdoğan and the magnates he represents.
The Turkish working class has no interest in the Kurds getting deprived of their democratic and civil rights. On the contrary, they have to unite with the Kurdish workers and poor against state pressure and exploitation. For that it is necessary for the Turkish workers to back the Kurds' democratic demands, and for the Kurds to consciously appeal to their class brothers and sisters in the west, with the aim of building a joint struggle against Erdoğan's state rampage and anti-worker economic policies. The current anti-Kurds operations will be a threat for everybody in the future. Considering the level of danger we are facing, in spite of all the pressure and the complicated situation which we have inherited from, there is no other way out than by the building of a united front based upon the unity of the working class and all the oppressed. What happened in Iraq and Syria has major lessons and warnings for the working class of Turkey. The choice is between a common and equal struggle against the capitalist system, or chaos, civil war and more state violence.


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2017 SEC Football Season: Week 6
LSU vs. Florida 2017 final score: Tigers get back to winning ways, knock off Gators
It's the Fighting Tigers who win this rivalry game.
By Christopher Novak@ChrisMNovak Oct 7, 2017, 7:22pm EDT
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The LSU Tigers are back in the win column. Their 17-16 victory over the Florida Gators serves as the rebound following last week's defeat at the hands of the Troy Trojans.
The Tigers won thanks to a brilliant effort on the ground. Six rushers combined for 216 yards against the Gators defense on Saturday afternoon. While LSU had no 100-yard rushers, they did have six of at least 20, five of at least 25, four of at least 30, three with at least 35 and two with 50 or more. Russell Gage amassed 52 yards on six attempts with a touchdown to boot.
Florida's run game wasn't too far behind with 194 yards on the ground on 38 carries. Lamical Perine found the end zone twice in The Swamp, but it wasn't enough for UF to get the W. LSU allowed no passing touchdowns to be thrown against them, as Feleipe Franks could only muster 108 yards through the air in general. Danny Etling didn't fare much better, throwing for 125 yards, but did throw a touchdown to Tory Carter.
Florida fans pay tribute to Tom Petty against LSU
Five sacks from the LSU defense may have paid dividends. Christian LaCouture had a game high 1.5 sacks, as the freshman had his breakthrough game against the Gators. Devin White, Greg Gilmore, Glen Logan and Donnie Alexander also recorded at least 0.5 sack in Saturday's ballgame. Only two were mustered up by their counterparts.
This result certainly has plenty of implications. Florida is no longer unbeaten in SEC play as a result. And, because of that, Georgia now usurps the lead in the East Division. The Bulldogs won earlier Saturday over Vanderbilt and have sole possession of first place now. LSU meanwhile moves to 1-1 in SEC play and still has a bit of a mountain to climb in the West Division.
We'll see these teams again next week, as Florida plays host to the Texas A&M Aggies. Meanwhile, will host the Auburn Tigers in a huge SEC West encounter.


text:
npnews24
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