Our vision is of a Minnesota that is inclusive and just for every person — no exceptions. To reach that Minnesota, we need a new politics: one that is grounded in abundance, not the myth of scarcity, and one that is centered around people, not the needs of corporations and well-connected special interests - where everyone is in and no one is out. We also need meaningful, authentic relationships with our political leaders — above all, with our governor — who are willing to co-create that politics with us.
Politics grounded in abundance. Minnesota is a wealthy state. We believe that we already have enough shared resources to care for everyone, and not just in dollars and cents: we are rich in values, neighborliness, and community, rich in who we are and in who we are to each other. We already have enough, and we already are enough, to care for everyone in our state — no exceptions — with the respect and dignity that we all deserve.
Politics as usual, however, operates from within myth of scarcity. In politics as usual, we are constantly told there is not enough to go around, and that some people must suffer while others thrive. The myth of scarcity underlies families not making ends meet even with two jobs or more, people choosing between having a roof over their heads or food in their children's bellies, poor health and limited access to healthcare for too many, and whether you thrive depending on your race, income, and zip code, not your aspirations, abilities, and dreams.
In fact, we are so used to believing that scarcity is true that we often don't recognize when we function inside of it. And when people believe that resources are scarce and that they might not have enough to care for ourselves and other folks they love, they become scared. And when people are scared, they blame others and hurt others. This leads to believing that the so-called urban–rural divide is real, or to scapegoating immigrants and Muslims — beliefs and behaviors that some politicians fan and exploit. Thus scarcity fuels fear, and fear reinforces scarcity.
But scarcity isn't true. What is true is that there is already enough for all of us to thrive, to care for each other, and to live with dignity and respect. We call on candidates for public office and elected officials to embrace and lead from a politics grounded in abundance, to paint a picture of a Minnesota where everyone from every community, background, and part of our state can thrive, and to lead us there boldly.
People-centered politics. Minnesota is rich in people, talent, and dreams, but politics as usual leaves most people behind. Too often in politics as usual, decisions are made both for and by people who are well-connected and privileged and have disproportionate access to wealth and social capital — people who reinforce the myth of scarcity while ensuring that they are taken care of. In this politics, too many Minnesotans have little to no influence or say: their aspirations to thrive, care for others, and live with dignity are too often not met or only scantily met. In this politics, too many other people — particularly immigrants, people of color, indigenous people, low-income people, rural people, and young people — are excluded, ignored, or demonized.
A people-centered politics disrupts politics as usual. In people-centered politics, everyone is in and no one is out. This means that we consider the impact of our laws and policies on everyone in every community, and aim to lift up the greatest number, not the few. It also means that those who have been excluded from making decisions and allocating resources are now fully at the table and engaged in doing so. At the center of both, we must lift up those who have been closest to the pain and the consequences of exclusion.
A people-centered politics for our state is about more than one person having one vote: it is about farming families, Muslim families, undocumented families, indigenous families, suburban families, single-parent families — everyone, no exceptions — all having a stake and a place in building a just, equitable, and joyful Minnesota, where a caring economy allows everyone to thrive, our democracy honors everyone's dignity, and everyone is welcome everywhere.
Co-creative relationship. We are seeking a relationship with candidates and public officials — particularly Minnesota's next governor — where we do more than just petition for what we want and protest what we don't like. That's often the formula of a transactional relationship based in holding people in power accountable. While transactions are sometimes a necessary tool for making progress, we don't want to be in transactional relationship with any person, let alone with our governor and other people in power.
As people of faith, we are called instead to be meaningfully and authentically relational. Being in a co-creative relationship with the candidates and future governor, rather than in a transactional relationship with them, means that we will be there to advance a politics of abundance both when there is a surplus and when the governor's back is against the wall and everyone else is trapped in the myth of scarcity. It means that we will be there to create and sustain a political environment that is based in our vision of an inclusive and just Minnesota for everyone, one that honors the belief that we already have everything and are everyone that we need to care for ourselves, each other, and the world we share. It means that working in relationship with the governor in good times and bad, we will transform Minnesota politics to put people, especially those who have been excluded, at the center of our policies and our choices. Petitioning and protesting for this transformation will not be enough: we must co-create it, and in so doing, redefine what is politically possible for our state and its people.
We don't have all the answers. We do know that as people of faith, we are called at this pivotal moment in the history of our state to take on the responsibility of involving ourselves deeply in this year's election for governor, and to be co-creators of the new politics we need to build an inclusive and just Minnesota for everyone.
Stay up to date on how we're the changing the political landscape.
Get real-time digests of our work and topics we care about.
Be a part of the conversation and experience the narrative of our work.
Become a Faith in Minnesota member by supporting our mission.


Housing, Blue, 15/30/45 AMP [(H-5) DC30-6] - $0.40 : DC Power, We know how to make connections!
This housing can be used in combination with others in the 15/30/45 AMP PowerPole® series to make groupings of connects if desired. Reminder, order contacts seperately, they are not included.
This product was added to our catalog on Sunday 31 May, 2009.


As human beings with emotional needs, we all just don't live like other creatures of the universe without the need for a healthy sense of attachment, that is, we naturally crave for love and at the same time love another, in turn. However, this loving part of us necessitates the desire of our heart to be loved at all time, but because everyone is usually created differently and usually have a lot of things bothering them, it becomes somewhat difficult for us to know if they are actually thinking about us, especially when it comes to knowing if a girl truly likes you or would want to make out with you.
1. The first sign is, she will become uncontrollably nervous or timid whenever she sees you or you try to talk to her fastly answering every question you throw at her without even considering its meaningfulness. She gets crazy about your Presence around her all the time: Her heart throbs within.
3. The third sign is if a girl loves you hardly you not know her secrets. One she would wants to confide in you with her deepest secrets, and two she would want to know more about your dreams, vision, and plan for your future _ trying to know if they really dovetail with hers. At times, she will ask you questions you might consider should be kept personal.
5. The fifth sign is you will know if she likes you when she giggles over every slightest thing you say; to her ears and heart they feel all funny and amusing. She smiles and laughs over and over again waiting for your attention. This one of the ways she tries to make you understand that you are in her mind and the thought of you gives her joy; then you should run along to grab her.
6. The Sixth sign is she will always look into your eyes whenever you both are in conversation. And it doesn't matter if you are ok with that or not. She even stares so hard that you feel she reads your lips as you speak. Although, direct giving of this sign is often avoided by the highly shy type, yet she will always find it impossible to control.
While it may be difficult to come up with a compelling story initially, here are six proven techniques you can use to frame up your message and have it appeal to your target audience in a video.
Thanks OreleeDuggan for the advice! However,you're better than a lot of the visitors here who are just here to drop and get their Url approved, and not their relevant comments or support for my work.


text:
House Passes Urgently Needed COVID-19 Relief Bill Addressing Economic and Health Crises
Washington, D.C., October 2, 2020 – Yesterday, the U.S. House of Representatives passed an updated version of the Health and Economic Recovery Omnibus Emergency Solutions Act, or the Heroes Act. Our nation urgently needs the revised bill to fund critically important public health needs and provide fiscal relief to people, families, and states across the country. With over 200,000 dead from the coronavirus, millions unemployed, and countless lives upended, the nation cannot wait any longer for relief. To date, Senate Republicans have proposed only narrow legislation that fails to respond to the scale of the crisis. Lawmakers should come together to pass a robust COVID-19 package along the lines of the updated Heroes Act.
"With devastating illness and death, widespread food insecurity, and record unemployment, it's long past time to get help to the American people," said Olivia Golden, executive director of the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP). "The updated Heroes Act would address the devastating circumstances of so many households in this country, in particular people of color and immigrant families who have been disproportionately harmed as this unprecedented crisis has deepened historic and systemic racial inequities."
The revised version of the Heroes Act includes provisions essential to the wellbeing of people with low incomes. The Act:
Expands the emergency coronavirus-related paid sick days and paid family and medical leave to include millions of workers—primarily those earning low wages who are predominantly women, people of color, and immigrants—who were left out of previous legislation. It also extends the leave through February 2021. These provisions are essential to ensuring public health and preventing all workers from having to choose between their health and their jobs.
Includes an additional round of direct economic stimulus payments for taxpayers and their dependents. Importantly, millions of immigrant workers and their citizen children, as well as older dependents, who were excluded from the first round of stimulus payments would be eligible for these payments.
Increases the maximum SNAP benefit by 15 percent to help people put food on the table as food insecurity is skyrocketing.
Restores enhanced unemployment benefits that provide unemployed workers an additional $600 dollars per week of support.
Provides much-needed fiscal relief for state, local, territorial, and tribal governments to prevent public sector layoffs and devastating cuts in essential public programs.
Invests $57 billion in the child care sector to provide relief for providers and parents and to aid the survival of this vital sector.
Invests $39 billion in postsecondary education, including $27 billion for public institutions to provide emergency financial aid to postsecondary students and $3.5 billion to support historically black colleges and universities, minority-serving institutions, and their students.
Provides $3.7 billion to support workforce development and worker protection activities related to coronavirus.
Invests $8.5 billion in increased mental health and substance abuse services to address the widespread mental health crisis caused by the pandemic and the recession.
Americans needed relief yesterday. The updated Heroes Act would be a critical down payment on addressing the devastating public health crisis and crippling recession that is severely harming communities of color.
HEROES Act Supports States, Cities, and Many People Overlooked by Early Relief Bills—Yet More Funds Still Needed
The House Acts to Address the Growing Fallout from the Coronavirus Crisis—Senate Should Pass Immediately
Senate GOP Coronavirus Response Proposal Fails to Meet the Nation's Needs
Olivia Golden
About Olivia →
Tom Salyers
tsalyers@clasp.org
Barbara Semedo
Deputy Executive Director, External Affairs and Strategic Communications
bsemedo@clasp.org

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) ASI
IEEE Autonomous Systems Initiative (ASI)
ASI Forum
ASI Forum – Study Groups
Computational Self-awareness
Networked Autonomous Systems
Human-Autonomous Systems Interaction
ASI Webinars
IEEE ASI Webinar: TinyDSF: Bootstrapping Skills for Milirobots from First Principles (Prof. A.Jantsch)
Prof. Axel JantschTU WienInstitute of Computer Technology Email: axel.jantsch@tuwien.ac.at Website: https://www.ict.tuwien.ac.at/en/jantsch.se/AxelJantsch/ Register NOW for the webinar: CLICK ME Abstract With a volume of less than 10 cm³ Milirobots are highly resource-constrained agents. It is thus challenging to strike the right
admin January 24, 2023 January 24, 2023 ASI Forum, Education, News Read more
IEEE ASI Webinar: Multi-modal sensing for physical human-robot interaction (Prof. A.Cavallaro)
Prof. Andrea CavallaroTuring Fellow, The Alan Turing InstituteDirector, Centre for Intelligent SensingDirector of Research, School of Electronic Eng. and Computer Science Email: a.cavallaro@qmul.ac.uk Website: http://www.eecs.qmul.ac.uk/~andrea/ Register NOW for the webinar: CLICK ME Abstract The audio-visual analysis of the environment surrounding
admin November 29, 2022 December 14, 2022 ASI Forum, Education, News Read more
IEEE ASI Webinar: Active Inference (Prof. K.Friston)
Prof. Karl J. Friston MB, BS, MA, MRCPsych, FMedSci, FRSB, FRSWellcome Principal FellowScientific Director: Wellcome Trust Centre for NeuroimagingInstitute of Neurology, UCL12 Queen SquareLondon. WC1N 3BG UK Email: k.friston@ucl.ac.uk Website: https://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/ Register NOW for the webinar: CLICK ME Abstract In
admin November 29, 2022 December 8, 2022 ASI Forum, Education, News Read more
IEEE ASI Webinar: Computational Self-awareness and Self-organization: A Paradigm for Building Adaptive, Resilient Computing Platforms (Prof. N.Dutt)
Prof. Nikil DuttDepartments of Computer Science, Cognitive Sciences, and EECSCenter for Embedded and CyberPhysical Systems (CECS)Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Engineering (CENCE)University of California, IrvineIrvine, CA 92697-3435, USAEmail: dutt@uci.edu Website: http://www.ics.uci.edu/~dutt Register NOW for the webinar: CLICK ME Abstract Self-awareness
admin October 18, 2022 November 29, 2022 ASI Forum, Education, News Read more
Self-Improving System Integration: Mastering Continuous Change
Special issue in Future Generation Computer Systems Volume 119, June 2021.edited by Kirstie L. Bellman, Ada Diaconescu, Sven Tomforde "Self-improving system integration" (SISSY) is a research initiative that aims to master the ever-changing demands of system organisation in the presence
Bernhard Rinner June 24, 2022 June 24, 2022 computational-self-awareness, networked-autonomous-systems, News, Publications, situational-awareness Read more
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2023)
The 2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) will take place in the Greek island of Rhodes from June 04 to June 09, 2023. The flagship conference of the IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) will be
Bernhard Rinner June 24, 2022 June 24, 2022 computational-self-awareness, Conferences, human-autonomous-systems-interaction, networked-autonomous-systems, News, situational-awareness Read more
International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems
AAMAS (International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems) is the largest and most influential conference in the area of agents and multiagent systems. The aim of the conference is to bring together researchers and practitioners in all areas of
Bernhard Rinner June 24, 2022 June 24, 2022 computational-self-awareness, Conferences, networked-autonomous-systems, News Read more
IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems
The third edition of the IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS) will take place virtually from September 19th to 23rd, 2022. ACSOS was founded as a merger of the IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing (ICAC)
Bernhard Rinner June 24, 2022 June 24, 2022 computational-self-awareness, Conferences, networked-autonomous-systems, News, situational-awareness, Uncategorized Read more
Launch of the ASI Forum
The ASI Forum is a new initiative of the IEEE Autonomous Systems Initiative. It offers a unique place to explore different topics around autonomous systems and interact with the growing and interdisciplinary research community. The ASI Forum is centered around
Bernhard Rinner May 31, 2022 June 24, 2022 ASI Forum, Education, human-autonomous-systems-interaction, networked-autonomous-systems, News Read more
Winners Announced for ICAS 2021 Challenge: Self-awareness in Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Systems
Tuesday, August 10, 2021 – 8.00 – 9.50 (EDT): https://2021.ieee-icas.org/challenge/ OrganizersDavid Martín Gómez – Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, SpainPablo Marín Plaza – Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, SpainAbdulla Al-Kaff – Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, SpainHafsa Iqbal – University
Admin August 10, 2021 April 19, 2022 News Read more
ASI Chair:
Carlo Regazzoni
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Navale, Elettrica, Elettronica e delle Telecomunicazioni (DITEN)
Università di Genova
Via All'Opera Pia 11
I- 16145 Genova , Italy
Tel +390103532792
Email: carlo.regazzoni@unige.it
Welcome to the IEEE Autonomous Systems Initiative (ASI) website. Learn, connect with and stay abreast of ASI activities. ASI is an initiative of the Signal Processing Society.
IEEE Signal Processing Society
IEEE Robotics and Automation Society
MultiDrone
Over the last decade, researchers have been proposing and investigating computing systems with advanced levels of autonomy in order to manage the ever-increasing requirements in complexity. An autonomous system is an artificial system able to perform a certain number of tasks
Copyright © 2023 IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) ASI. All rights reserved. Theme Spacious by ThemeGrill. Powered by: WordPress.


Courses in the principles and practices of interviewing, by their nature, require a variety of oral and written exercises and applications that build interpersonal skills in the interviewing context.
organizations such as the Internal Revenue Service, the American Electric Power Company, Libby Foods, the Indiana University School of Dentistry, and the United Association of Plumbers and Pipefitters. He is currently a Court Appointed Special Advocate for children (CASA).


high quality 360 lace frontal wig human hair wig Hair material 100% human hair lace front wig. 360 lace frontal wig Hair length 8"-30" are available(from hair root to hair top). ) Lace color Dark brown, medium brown, light brown, transparent color, any color you like Knots Bleached knots, double knots, just according to your request Baby hair Along the perimeter to give the effect of a naturally growing hairline Payment T/T,Western Union,Moneygram,Bank transfer,Paypal Package Packing with pvc bag,or as per your requirement MOQ Minimum order quantity is 1 piece Delivery time Within 24 hours (in Stock) 7-15days (customized Wigs) Please send us your inquiry to get free wig samples.
Qingdao Accurate Machine Co., Ltd.
All remy hair has the cuticle layer of the hair flowing in the same direction, flowing the way it would naturally. If you are getting tracks one pack is enough for four to five tracks up to 18" hair length. If you are getting the hair bonded one pack is enough for four to five tracks up to 18" hair length.
Qingdao Mayflower Industry And Trade Co., Ltd.
Alibaba.com offers 448,255 hair wigs products. About 57% of these are wigs, 42% are lace wigs, and 27% are hair extension.
A wide variety of hair wigs options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.
There are 446,063 hair wigs suppliers, mainly located in Asia. The top supplying countries are China (Mainland), India, and Vietnam, which supply 92%, 4%, and 2% of hair wigs respectively.
Hair wigs products are most popular in North America, Africa, and Western Europe.
You can ensure product safety by selecting from certified suppliers, including 49,028 with Other, 13,939 with ISO9001, and 4,259 with ISO14001 certification.


text:
Start It Sunday
ForceBrands
PressEditorial Inquiries Follow us on social media
This Is How Many Desks Will Remain Empty in the Post-Pandemic Workplace
CATEGORIES ForceBrands, Insights
AUTHOR Rebecca Fryer
Currently, there are 125 million full-time jobs across the U.S. Nearly half of those jobs can be done remotely.
To get more clarity on what the workplace will look like after the pandemic, analytics and advisory company Gallup decided to investigate. Through their research, they determined that a stagging 30 percent of the 60 million employees who have the ability to work from home, would prefer to "never" return to the office during the week. Just 10 percent would prefer working from the office from Monday through Friday.
How did the majority — the middle 60 percent — respond? Not surprisingly, they prefer a hybrid of working remotely and in-office. While not a new model of working, the hybrid model has proven to offer employees what they value most aside from compensation: flexibility. According to Gallup's research, the majority of respondents would prefer to work two to three days in the office and work remotely for the remainder of the week.
Respondents who said they would "never" return to the office cited the lack of commuting, improved wellbeing, and a better work-life balance as key reasons.
The research was conducted to help determine how exactly the office will change post-pandemic. Gallup's CEO Jim Clifton predicted, "Our over/under is 37 percent empty desks."
How did this number come to be?
"When the pandemic wanes and something close to 'normal' returns, we conclude that there will be a 37 percent reduction of in-person days worked per week for those 60 million employees who can work from home. Put another way, a tall office building in a big city where all desk jobs can be done remotely — on any given week — will have 37 percent fewer desks occupied than it did that same week in 2019."
In The Chairman's Blog, he also revealed some of the side effects this vacancy will have on the future workplace.
"As a CEO, I believe there is more human energy and spirited collaboration to be found for employees in the office than sitting home alone," Clifton said. "The right in-person culture creates superior individual development and results in the success of teams as well as innovation and customer success. This includes fewer errors and missed opportunities."
The upside to the hybrid workplace, if "handled masterfully," he said, will be that "your culture of teams and managers will remain dedicated to your organization instead of becoming a culture of freelancers and gig workers."
If we've learned anything from the pandemic workplace, it's that it's proven to be a wake-up call for office culture.
Read the full article from Gallup here.
Rebecca Fryer
Rebecca is the Editorial Director at ForceBrands. She's spent more than a decade on the editorial side of digital media, curating original content and managing social media audiences for impactful brands. She has a love for brand building, storytelling, and connecting people through words.
CEOCOVID-19Galluphybridpandemicresearchworkplace
Fine Wine Importer VINTUS On Resuming Field Marketing Efforts Post-Pandemic
These Organizational Design Changes Will Remain Even When COVID Is Gone
6 Skills Employees Will Need in Order to Thrive in the Post-Pandemic Workforce
Motivation at Work: Here's How We're Goal-Setting in 2022
Food and Beverage Businesses Rally Behind Boulder After Marshall Fire
Here's What You Had to Say About DEI at Work
ForceBrands for Employers
For industry insights, Q&As, hot jobs, and much more
© 2022 ForceBrands, LLC


text:
Justia Patents US Patent for ACL graft fixation device and method Patent (Patent # 6,099,568)
ACL graft fixation device and method
Mar 3, 1998 - Linvatec Corporation
An improved anchor for securing a graft ligament in place in a bone tunnel comprises a dome portion surrounded by a flange portion. The dome portion fits into a bone tunnel and includes first and second apertures for receiving sutures located on so that the anchor is positioned stably in use, while the flange portion abuts the outer surface of the bone and supports the anchor. The cross-sectional thickness of the anchor is increased in the area of the apertures to provide adequate pull-out strength. The flange may be elliptical in plan and the dome portion asymmetric, to allow the anchor to better withstand tension.
Latest Linvatec Corporation Patents:
Method and apparatus for meniscal repair
SUSPENSORY GRAFT FIXATION WITH ADJUSTABLE LOOP LENGTH
THREADED KNOTLESS ANCHOR
This application relates to devices for simplifying and rendering more reliable the attachment of graft ligaments to bone, for example, for replacement of ligaments such as the anterior cruciate ligament and similar structures.
Due to the frequency of injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), especially in sports, and similar injury to other ligaments and related structures, there is a great deal of prior art dealing with replacement of these structures with graft ligaments. Much of this prior art is concerned principally with ensuring proper alignment of bone tunnels drilled in the tibia and femur to receive the opposed ends of the graft ligament, with proper preparation of the surgical site, i.e., by removing sufficient bone to allow the graft to function properly, and with preparation of suitable graft ligaments, commonly by harvesting donor bone/tendon/bone structures from the knee of the patient. See generally, "The Paramax ACL Guide System Surgical Technique", a brochure published by Linvatec Corporation of Largo, Florida in 1992, and incorporated by reference herein, which provides useful background on one type of overall ACL replacement procedure. Other sources of replacement ligaments, including allograft and autograft ligament substitutes, are within the skill of the art and are intended to be included within "graft ligament" as used herein.
The present invention does not address these aspects of ACL reconstruction, but instead addresses the problem of securely anchoring the graft ligament in the bone tunnels. More specifically, the present invention relates to improvements in devices to be disposed at the outer ends of bone tunnels to provide a fixing point for sutures securing an end of a graft ligament in place.
The prior art shows numerous devices for anchoring sutures for holding graft ligaments in place. For example, Zang U.S. Pat. No. 5,522,843 and Greenfield U.S. Pat. No. 5,584,835 show anchors adapted to be threaded into bores in bone and having apertures for receiving sutures. However, these structures are intended for use where the graft ligament is intended to lie substantially along the surface of a bone; the present invention is concerned with devices to be used at the end of bone tunnels and securing a suture extending inwardly through the bone tunnel.
Other patents show anchors for ligaments and similar structures wherein the structure to be fixed is sutured to an anchor threaded into a bone tunnel; see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,156,616 to Meadows et al and U.S. Pat. No. 5,152,790 to Rosenberg et al. The art also suggests retaining a graft ligament in a bone tunnel by confining the ligament between a conical plug and the bone tunnel, so that the ligament is held in place by friction. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,744,793 to Parr et al and U.S. Pat. No. 4,708,132 to Silvestrini. It would be preferred to avoid the complexity of these types of anchor where possible.
Martins et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,290 shows a "Suture Button" comprising a frusto-conical member defining a recess for receiving a knot. This device could be placed in a bone tunnel and sutures from a graft ligament drawn through apertures in a planar surface forming the bottom of the recess; after suitably tensioning the ligament by tension applied to the suture, the knot can be tied, securing the ligament. However, this device would appear to be susceptible to being drawn into the bone tunnel by excessive tension.
Additional references show anchors for ligaments wherein the ligament is sutured to an anchor configured to abut the outer opening of the bone tunnel, and remain outside the bone tunnel. See for example Graf et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,301, disclosing various "elongated bodies" intended to be passed through the bone tunnels and rotated after exiting the tunnels, so as to be retained against the outer surface of the bone. See also U.S. Pat. No. 5,139,520 to Rosenberg, especially at column 11, lines 39-62.
German pat. no. DE 196 16 122 C1 to Eichborn et al is of the same general class and discloses several embodiments of anchor or "button" structures for securing ligaments in place. In one embodiment, the Eichborn anchor is of generally hat-shape configuration, comprising a round flange surrounding the rim of a hemispheric dome-shaped body having a depressed center section, forming a recess. The center section is sized to be received in the opening of a bone tunnel, and has apertures extending therethrough for receiving sutures, while the outermost flange portion of the Eichborn anchor abuts the outer surface of the bone, preventing the anchor from being pulled into the bone tunnel. The Eichborn anchor may be elliptical in outline, to conform to tunnels formed at an angle to the surface of the bone; see FIGS. 3 and 4. Accordingly, sutures can be passed through the apertures and tensioned and tied as discussed in connection with the Martins patent, to secure a graft ligament; the depressed recess receives the suture knot. The Eichborn anchor is of uniform thickness across the flange and dome, limiting its strength, and the placement of the suture-receiving apertures is not optimal for use in ligament reconstruction.
Other U.S. patents generally relevant to the subject matter of this application include U.S. Pat.No. 4,708,132 to Silvestrini; U.S. Pat. No. 4,744,793 to Parr et al; U.S. Pat. No. 5,571,139 to Jenkins, Jr.; U.S. Pat. No. 4,997,433 to Goble et al; U.S. Pat. No. 5,562,671, also to Goble et al; U.S. Pat. No. 5,261,914 to Warren; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,380,334 to Torrie et al.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved anchor for fixation of sutures with respect to bone, and correspondingly improved methods of doing so.
It is a more specific object of the invention to provide an anchor optimized for fixation of sutures used to tension a graft ligament with respect to a bone tunnel, and improved methods for securing a graft ligament in position within a bone tunnel.
The above objects of the invention and others appearing below are achieved by the anchor of the invention, and its use in securing sutures and thereby ligaments or other structures to bone. The anchor of the invention is of generally disc-shape configuration, having a round or elliptical flange surrounding the rim of a hemispheric dome-shaped body, having a depressed center section, forming a recess; the center section is sized to be received in the opening of a bone tunnel, and has apertures extending therethrough for receiving sutures, generally as in the case of the Eichborn anchor discussed above. However, unlike the Eichborn anchor, the anchor of the present invention is not of uniform thickness throughout, but is provided with additional thickness in areas of increased stress, particularly in the region of the apertures. In embodiments where the flange and possibly also the dome are of elliptical outline, the suture-receiving apertures are oriented so that tension applied to the sutures tends to maintain the anchor in a preferred orientation to the surface of the bone. This in turn allows the anchor to be formed of resorbable plastic material while providing sufficient pullout strength to allow significant tension to be exerted on the anchor by the sutures.
The invention will be better understood if reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows the overall arrangement of a graft ligament in aligned bone tunnels drilled in the tibia and femur of a patient, and illustrates the employment of two differing embodiments of the anchor of the invention to secure the opposed ends of the graft ligament with respect to the bone tunnels in the tibia and femur;
FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of the anchor of the invention, and showing the disposition of sutures with respect to the anchor;
FIG. 3 shows an elevational view, partly in section, of the anchor of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4--4 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4, without the sutures; and
FIG. 6 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 5 of a second embodiment of the anchor of the invention, and illustrates a further possible modification.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view through the tibia 10 and femur 12 of a patient having had bone tunnels 10a and 12a respectively drilled therethrough from an entry wound in the skin over the tibia in accordance with the usual practice of the prior art. See the "Paramax ACL Guide System Surgical Technique" brochure referred to above. A graft ligament 15 is disposed extending between the two bone tunnels; in the embodiment shown, the graft ligament 15 is illustrated as having been taken from the patient's knee, and comprises a central section 16 of tendon and first and second bone portions 18 and 20 harvested from the patient's patella and tibia. As mentioned above, graft ligaments of other types are also within the scope of the invention.
According to the invention, one or two anchors 40, 42 fixed to the bone portions 18, 20 by sutures 44 are used to secure the graft ligament 15 in place, giving the bone portions 18 and 20 time to heal and be securely bonded to the femur and tibia respectively. After the graft ligament is disposed in its proper position, the sutures are tied off as shown, securing the graft ligament 15 in place. The anchors 40, 42 may be made of bioresorbable material, if intended simply to hold the ends of the graft 15 in place during the healing period, or may be of a permanent material if needed to provide strength indefinitely.
It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that typically graft ligaments are fixed to the femur 12 by an anchor structure that can be placed through the tibial tunnel 10a or through a small incision in the femur, so as to minimize trauma to the overlying muscles and other structures; the anchor according to the invention may require a somewhat larger incision. (As the tibia is disposed just beneath the skin, such larger incisions cause less trauma when used to place anchors used to secure the tibial end of the graft.) Commonly, therefore, the anchor of the invention will be used only to secure the tibial end of the graft. However, two anchors according to the invention may indeed be used as shown, and are thus illustrated to conveniently describe various embodiments of the invention.
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the anchors of the invention comprise hemispherical domes 52 extending into the bone tunnels, locating the anchors positively with respect to the bone tunnels, and providing internal recesses for the knots of the sutures 44; this avoids irritation to the overlying tissues, and minimizes the discomfort caused to the patient. The anchor 42 comprises an outer flange 50 that may be circular or elliptical in outline, and a dome 52, which may be hemispherical, that is, rotationally symmetric, as illustrated in FIGS. 2-5, or may be asymmetric, as in the embodiment of FIG. 6. The asymmmetric anchor is also illustrated at 40 in FIG. 1, being used to secure the tibial end of the graft ligament. Alternatively, of course, the symmetrical anchor could be used at the tibial end.
As shown, two apertures 54 are formed in the dome portion 52 of the anchor, allowing passage of the sutures 44 by which the anchor is fixed to the graft ligament. In most cases, graft ligaments are to be secured to bone at an angle with respect to the outer surface of the bone well away from the perpendicular, as in the the case of ACL replacement illustrated in FIG. 1. Therefore, the stress exerted on the anchor by the sutures (noting that the anchors are intended to resist at least 100 pounds' tension) in most cases is taken along a line well off the perpendicular.
According to an important aspect of the invention, the anchor is asymmetrical in order to optimally resist the asymmetrical stress to which it is commonly subjected in use. For example, the flange is preferably elliptical, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, and in use is aligned such that the long axis (along line 4--4) is aligned with the tension exerted by the graft ligament. More specifically, the long axis of the elliptical flange is in the same plane as the stress; this plane corresponds to that on which FIG. 4 is taken. Correct alignment of the asymmetrical elliptical flange with the stress allows the flange to be optimally shaped. Stated differently, the elliptical flange provides sufficient surface area bearing on the outer surface of the bone to resist the tension exerted by the ligament. Providing equal resistance to tension with an anchor having a round flange would involve a significant increase in mass and size.
According to a further important aspect of the invention, the suture-receiving apertures 54, which may be of oval or racetrack configuration, as shown, are aligned on opposite sides of the long axis of the asymmetrical anchor, as shown in FIG. 2. In use, the sutures are spaced slightly from one another on either side of the plane including the long axis of the anchor and the stress; accordingly, the sutures exert tension equally on opposite sides of the anchor so that the anchor does not tend to twist or become dislodged during normal use.
By comparison, the Eichborn et al German patent also shows an anchor of asymmetric configuration, having an elliptical flange. However, it will be observed that the suture-receiving apertures are aligned along the long axis of the elliptical anchor. See FIG. 3. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that this is an unstable arrangement, which would tend to cause the anchor to twist when tension is exerted on the sutures.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cross-sectional dimension of the hemispherical portion of the anchor is relatively thick at the "saddle" 58 formed between the apertures 54, that is, at the point where the anchor resists the tension exerted by the sutures 44. This of course adds additional strength to the anchor in use and minimizes the possibility of tearing out of the sutures when tension is applied. More specifically, it is desired that at least a hundred pounds' tension can be withstood by the anchors; the advantage of providing this significant "pull-out strength" is that the patient can exert some force on the ligament during the healing period substantially immediately after surgery and need not wait for the bone portions of the graft ligament to knit fully to the tibia and femur before exercise.
FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the anchor 42 of FIGS. 2-4. As can be seen, the underside of the hemispherical dome portion 52 includes a relatively flat central surface 60 in the "saddle" region 58 between the apertures 54, increasing the thickness of the dome in this area, and further strengthening the anchor in an area where it would otherwise be weakened by the apertures 54 formed therethrough.
FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the invention wherein the anchor 40 comprises an asymmetrical dome portion 52' as well as an elliptical flange; stated differently, the anchor 40 of FIG. 6 is asymmetrical in the plane of FIG. 6, and will typically also include an elliptical flange 50, as shown in FIG. 2. More particularly, the anchor 40 of FIG. 6 (also shown in FIG. 1) is further optimized for use when the bone tunnel does not meet the outer surface of the bone at or near right angles, such that the direction of tension exerted by the sutures on the anchor is not perpendicular to the surface of the bone. As noted above, this circumstance is very common, particularly in ACL replacement. The FIG. 6 anchor 40 is formed in the asymmetrical manner shown so as to best resist the tension exerted by the sutures thereon. Specifically, both the dome portion 52' of the anchor 40 and the suture-receiving apertures 62 are not centered with respect to the dome as in the FIG. 5 embodiment, but are offset to one side, corresponding generally to the alignment of the bone tunnel 10a with respect to the outer surface of the bone. Normally, the flange will again be elliptical in plan and the apertures disposed opposite to one another, on either side of the long axis of the elliptical flange; the apertures are disposed on one side of asymmetric dome portion, between the apex of the dome and the flange, so as to be substantially aligned with the direction of extension of the sutures in use. Again, the dome portion 52' of the anchor has a flat under surface 60' so that the maximum thickness of the anchor is provided in the saddle area 58 between and around the apertures 62, again for strengthening.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the hemispherical portion could be further extended as indicated in dotted lines at 66 so that the dome portion 52' of the anchor 40 would contact and be braced against the inner wall of the bone tunnel 10a, substantially reducing possible deformation of the dome portion of the anchor due to tension exerted thereon by the sutures.
The method of replacing an ACL according to the invention therefore includes the steps of forming opposed bone tunnels in the tibia and femur; preparing a suitable graft ligament, either by harvesting from the patient's knee, or preparing an autograft or allograft ligament, all as shown in the prior art, and placing it in the bone tunnels, preferably with the sutures inserted; providing one or more of the anchors according to the invention; placing the anchor(s) such that when the paired cords of the sutures pass through apertures in the anchor the two apertures are on opposite sides of the line along which tension is exerted by the sutures, so that the anchor is unlikely to twist or become dislodged due to the tension exerted thereon; and suturing the graft to the anchors. Where, as is preferred, the flange of the anchor is elliptical in outline as shown in FIG. 2, the apertures are oriented transverse to the long axis of the elliptical anchor. Similarly, if the dome portion of the anchor is made asymmetrical by distorting the hemispherical shape in the direction of the stress, as in FIG. 6, the apertures 54 are opposed to one another, on either side of a line in the direction of the stress.
While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, further improvements thereto will be apparent to those of skill in the art. In particular, while the anchor of the invention is preferably a unitary member molded of a bio-resorbable material such as polylactic acid, such that the anchor will dissolve after the graft ligament has become bonded to the bone tunnels, non-bioresorbable materials can be used to permanently add strength to the ligament fixations. Other shapes of the dome and flange can be provided for particular embodiments. Accordingly, the invention should not be limited by the above exemplary disclosure, but only by the following claims.
1. An improved anchor for securing a replacement ligament in a bone tunnel drilled in a patient's bone, said anchor being a unitary member formed of a bioresorbable material, and comprising a first dome portion, adapted to fit into the bone tunnel, and a second flange portion surrounding said dome portion and adapted to rest on the surface of said bone surrounding said bone tunnel and prevent said anchor from being pulled into said bone tunnel, said dome portion having at least two apertures formed therein for passage of sutures therethrough, the cross-sectional thickness of the material of said dome portion of said anchor being greater in the vicinity of said apertures than elsewhere, and wherein said flange is elliptical in plan and said apertures are opposed to one another, on either side of the long axis of said elliptical flange.
2. The anchor of claim 1, wherein said dome portion has a flat inner surface at its apex.
3. The anchor of claim 1, wherein said dome portion is asymmetric, and said apertures are disposed on a side of said dome portion so as to be substantially aligned with the direction of extension of said sutures.
4. The anchor of claim 3, wherein said dome portion is shaped to fit closely within and be at least partially supported by said bone tunnel.
5. A method of anchoring a graft ligament disposed within a a bone tunnel with respect to said bone tunnel, comprising the steps of:
forming an aperture through a portion of the ligament to be anchored,
passing a suture through said aperture,
providing an anchor, said anchor being a unitary member formed of a bioresorbable material, and comprising a first dome portion, adapted to fit into the bone tunnel, and a second flange portion surrounding said dome portion and adapted to rest on the surface of said bone surrounding said bone tunnel and prevent said anchor from being pulled into said bone tunnel, said dome portion including at least two apertures for passage of sutures therethrough,
said anchor being further formed such that said flange is elliptical in plan and said apertures are opposed to one another on either side of the long axis of said elliptical flange,
aligning said at least two apertures transverse to the direction of tension exerted thereon by said sutures in use,
passing said suture through said at least two apertures in said anchor, and
tying said suture to exert a desired degree of tension on said graft ligament.
6. The method of claim 5, comprising the step of forming said anchor such that said dome portion has a flat inner surface at its apex.
7. The method of claim 5, comprising the step of forming said anchor such that said dome portion is asymmetric, and such that said apertures are disposed on a side of said dome portion, and the further step of aligning said apertures in use substantially with the direction of extension of said sutures.
8. The method of claim 7, comprising the step of shaping said dome portion to fit closely within and be at least partially supported by said bone tunnel.
3896500 July 1975 Rambert et al.
4708132 November 24, 1987 Silvestrini
4744793 May 17, 1988 Parr et al.
4997433 March 5, 1991 Goble et al.
5139520 August 18, 1992 Rosenberg
5152790 October 6, 1992 Rosenberg et al.
5156616 October 20, 1992 Meadows et al.
5261914 November 16, 1993 Warren
5306290 April 26, 1994 Martins et al.
5306301 April 26, 1994 Graf et al.
5380334 January 10, 1995 Torrie et al.
5464424 November 7, 1995 O'Donnell, Jr.
5522843 June 4, 1996 Zang
5584835 December 17, 1996 Greenfield
1916122C1 August 1997 DEX
"The Paramax ACL Guide System Surgical Technique," brochure, Linvatec Corporation, 1992.
Filed: Mar 3, 1998
Date of Patent: Aug 8, 2000
Assignee: Linvatec Corporation (Largo, FL)
Inventors: Peter T. Simonian (Seattle, WA), Bartolome J. Salazar (Clearwater, FL)
Primary Examiner: Mickey Yu
Assistant Examiner: Alvin Stewart
Attorney: Michael de Angeli
Current U.S. Class: 623/1311
International Classification: A61F 258;


text:
Q: How to grab certain lines of a CSV file and save them in individual files I have a CSV file with many lines:
Username,Year,Month,Match (0-60%),Match (60-65%),Match (65-70%),Match (70-75%),Match (75-80%),Match
(80-85%),Match (85-90%),Match (90-95%),Match (95-100%),Match (100%),New_total,Edit_total,Review_total
Joe,2020,3,52,0,5,2,3,2,0,5,0,0,69,142,337
Engineering,2020,3,6469,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,6469,82,0
User_TR1_ES_ES,2020,3,112,3,0,0,0,14,10,0,0,2,141,3,0
User_TR1_FR_FR,2020,3,66,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,71,82,0
User_TR1_JA_JP,2020,3,35,49,56,114,0,21,22,66,62,0,425,630,0
User_TR1_KO_KR,2020,3,60,0,0,0,0,0,10,0,0,0,70,0,0
User_TR1_NL_NL,2020,3,61,2,41,59,15,31,11,13,2,0,235,0,0
User_TR1_PL_PL,2020,3,134,17,41,57,15,31,21,13,0,0,329,15,0
User_TR1_PT_BR,2020,3,37,0,2,0,0,12,0,0,0,22,73,53,0
Marie,2020,3,37,15,8,2,0,2,0,5,0,0,69,40,0
Charly,2020,3,224,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,224,28,0
Joseph,2020,3,56,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,56,0,0

I want to create individual CSV files for only the lines that include any of the User_XXX_XX_XX strings in the first column of the line. Other lines should be ignored. Finally, all the resulting files should be named after each of these first elements.
For instance:
User_TR1_ES_ES.csv
User_TR1_PT_BR.csv

My code so far is:
#!/usr/bin/env ruby

require 'csv'
require 'fileutils'

this_dir = File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__))
original_dir = File.join(this_dir, '_Original')

#working with the .CSV file, there should be only one, and always be .CSV....
puts "Finding a .CSV file..."
full_path = Dir.glob('**/*.csv')
full_path.each do |csv|
  puts "CSV file found: #{File.basename(csv)}"
end

new_path = File.join(this_dir, full_path[0])

#I start reading the CSV file found in the folder
parsed_data = CSV.read(new_path)

#I grab the header in a separate variable
header = parsed_data.shift

#I created a constant to look for lines where the first elements meets the desired string, not sure about it...
USER_NAME = 'User' + '_' + 'TR' + 1..10 + ([a-z].upcase * 2) + '_' + ([a-z].upcase * 2)

#I want loop through each line and look for the those that includes the constant in the first element
CSV.foreach(new_path) do |row|
  row.first[0].include?(USER_NAME)

  #create inviduals files in a same location
  new_dir = File.join(this_dir, '_result')
  FileUtils.mkdir(new_dir)
  newfiles = File.join(new_dir, CONSTANT, '.csv')

  CSV.open(newfiles, 'w+') do |csv|
    csv << header
    csv << captured_row
  end

I'm having trouble  looping through the lines and grabbing the ones that I want.

A: Personally, I wouldn't even bother treating the file as CSV as that's not important when you can easily grab the USER_... lines:
header = nil

DATA.each_line { |l|
  if header.nil?
    header = l
    next
  end

  fn = l[/^User_TR1_[^,]+/]
  next unless fn

  File.write(fn + '.csv', header + l)
}

__END__
Username,Year,Month,Match (0-60%),Match (60-65%),Match (65-70%),Match (70-75%),Match (75-80%),Match (80-85%),Match (85-90%),Match (90-95%),Match (95-100%),Match (100%),New_total,Edit_total,Review_total
Joe,2020,3,52,0,5,2,3,2,0,5,0,0,69,142,337
Engineering,2020,3,6469,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,6469,82,0
User_TR1_ES_ES,2020,3,112,3,0,0,0,14,10,0,0,2,141,3,0
User_TR1_FR_FR,2020,3,66,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,71,82,0
User_TR1_JA_JP,2020,3,35,49,56,114,0,21,22,66,62,0,425,630,0
User_TR1_KO_KR,2020,3,60,0,0,0,0,0,10,0,0,0,70,0,0
User_TR1_NL_NL,2020,3,61,2,41,59,15,31,11,13,2,0,235,0,0
User_TR1_PL_PL,2020,3,134,17,41,57,15,31,21,13,0,0,329,15,0
User_TR1_PT_BR,2020,3,37,0,2,0,0,12,0,0,0,22,73,53,0
Marie,2020,3,37,15,8,2,0,2,0,5,0,0,69,40,0
Charly,2020,3,224,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,224,28,0
Joseph,2020,3,56,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,56,0,0

Which created:
-rw-r--r--@  1 TTM  staff   256B May  3 17:05 User_TR1_ES_ES.csv
-rw-r--r--@  1 TTM  staff   253B May  3 17:05 User_TR1_FR_FR.csv
-rw-r--r--@  1 TTM  staff   263B May  3 17:05 User_TR1_JA_JP.csv
-rw-r--r--@  1 TTM  staff   253B May  3 17:05 User_TR1_KO_KR.csv
-rw-r--r--@  1 TTM  staff   259B May  3 17:05 User_TR1_NL_NL.csv
-rw-r--r--@  1 TTM  staff   262B May  3 17:05 User_TR1_PL_PL.csv
-rw-r--r--@  1 TTM  staff   255B May  3 17:05 User_TR1_PT_BR.csv

and look like:
cat User_TR1_ES_ES.csv

Username,Year,Month,Match (0-60%),Match (60-65%),Match (65-70%),Match (70-75%),Match (75-80%),Match (80-85%),Match (85-90%),Match (90-95%),Match (95-100%),Match (100%),New_total,Edit_total,Review_total
User_TR1_ES_ES,2020,3,112,3,0,0,0,14,10,0,0,2,141,3,0

In the example, I'm taking advantage of Ruby's ability to store data after the __END__ of the code. DATA is created by Ruby as a file handle to the content after __END__, so pay no attention to that man behind the curtain.
Just read the input file using File.foreach, grab the first line as the header, the loop back and read the next line. From that point, just look for lines that match the /^User_TR1_[^,]+/ pattern.
Here's what is being returned:
'Engineering,2020,3,6469,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,6469,82,0'[/^User_TR1_[^,]+/] # => nil
'User_TR1_ES_ES,2020,3,112,3,0,0,0,14,10,0,0,2,141,3,0'[/^User_TR1_[^,]+/] # => "User_TR1_ES_ES"

So, if the line isn't a User... line nil is returned causing the code to loop. If the line is a User... line, the string will be returned, the code will fall through, and output the header and line using File.write.
Also, if it was my system, I'd convert the filenames to lower-case when creating them. As a systems-admin I learned to avoid upper-case or mixed-case in filenames because they're opportunities to misspell the filename.
'User_TR1_ES_ES'.downcase + '.csv' # => "user_tr1_es_es.csv"

Also, see my comment above about using Ruby's Find class. It's easy to implement and is very efficient.

A: Let's first create a CSV file:
CSV_In = 't.csv'

File.write CSV_In, <<~_
Username,Year,Month,Match (0-60%)
Joe,2020,3,52
User_TR1_ES_ES,2020,3,112
User_TR1_FR_FR,2020,3,66
User_TR1_JA_JP,2020,3,35
Marie,2020,3,37
_
  #=> 140

If the CSV file is large we would want to use CSV::foreach to read the file row-by-row (i.e., line-by-line). When using foreach (with a block) to read a CSV file with headers, the block variable is a row of the file. Therefore, no CSV object is available to extract the headers, which we will need when writing files.
To use foreach, therefore, we must read the headers as a separate step, before invoking foreach. One way of doing that without reading the entire file into memory is the following:
require 'csv'

csv = CSV.open(CSV_In, headers:true)
headers = csv.gets.headers
  #=> ["Username", "Year", "Month", "Match (0-60%)"]
csv.close

See CSV::open and CSV#gets (aka shift) and [CSV::Row#headers](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.7.0/libdoc/csv/rdoc/CSV/Row.html#method-i-headers.
We can now open the CSV file with foreach and step through the rows, writing the output files where appropriate.
CSV.foreach(CSV_In, headers: true) do |row|
  user_name = row['Username']
  CSV.open("#{user_name}.csv", "w") {|csv| csv << headers << row} if
    user_name.match?(/\AUser_TR1(?:_[A-Z]{2}){2}\z/)
end

Let's confirm the files were written correctly.
puts File.read "User_TR1_ES_ES.csv"
  Username,Year,Month,Match (0-60%)
  User_TR1_ES_ES,2020,3,112
puts File.read "User_TR1_FR_FR.csv"
  Username,Year,Month,Match (0-60%)
  User_TR1_FR_FR,2020,3,66
puts File.read "User_TR1_JA_JP.csv"
  Username,Year,Month,Match (0-60%)
  User_TR1_JA_JP,2020,3,35

The regular expression could be modified as needed. One possibility, for example, is the following:
/\AUser_[A-Z]{2}\d(?:_[A-Z]{2}){2}\z/

One advantage of using CSV methods (as opposed to IO and File methods) to read the input file is that the code need not be changed if in future the order of the columns is changed.

A: You could try this code, should work even with large csv files.
header = nil
CSV.open(path_to_your_csv_file, 'r', :headers => true).each do |line|
  header = line unless header
  if line[0].match? /User_TR\d_[a-zA-Z]{2}_[a-zA-z]{2}/
    file_name = "#{line[0].downcase}.csv"
    existed = File.exists? file_name
    CSV.open(file_name, 'a+') do |row|
      row << header unless existed
      row << line
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


La-La Land: CELEBRITIES LOVE LA-LA LABELS.
Celebrities are obsessing over our labels at the moment - and who can blame them. With the pure elegance of Zhivago, the girly vibe of casper&pearl and who can forget Chrissy L for her boho adornments. We are so proud to have their pretty pieces in our showroom day on end.
I want one of your pieces too!!
Amazing looks! I love Casper & pearl!
thank you for stopping by on my blog ! love this blog! beautiful clothing items!!
really great dresses! love them!
love casper and pearl, and adore ashley madakewe too!!
love love love it dear!!! do you have fb page?
Please check out my new blog, thanks!


text:
Q: How to load the data into existing table in postgresql database in django I am developing a web application using Django where I am trying to load the user data during signup into the PostgreSQL database but how to insert the user data into the database.
I have executed:
python manage.py makemigrations app
python manage.py migrate

it is creating the new table.
But I want the data to be inserted from the form to be saved in the database.
settings.py
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'OPTIONS': {
            'options': '-c search_path=provisioning'
        },
        'NAME': 'OneClickProvisioning',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': 'Hanu@2789',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}

forms.py
class UserRegistrationForm(forms.Form):
    fname = forms.CharField(
        required=True,
        label='FirstName',
        max_length=32
    )

    lname = forms.CharField(
        required=True,
        label='LastName',
        max_length=32
    )

urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url
from Provisioning import views

urlpatterns = [
    url('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^home/', views.home),
    url(r'^signup/', views.signup),
]

views.py
def signup(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = UserRegistrationForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            userObj = form.cleaned_data
            username = userObj['username']
            password =  userObj['password']
            if not (User.objects.filter(username=username).exists()):
                User.objects.create_user(username, password)
                user = authenticate(username = username, password = password)
                login(request, user)
                return HttpResponseRedirect('/Login.html')

When clicking on the signup button, it has to store the user input data into the database and redirect to the login page once the user has been registered.


text:
Amazing India Blog Know India Better
Science/Environment
Home / Railways / Top 10 Largest Railway Networks in the World
Top 10 Largest Railway Networks in the World
Anirudh Singh April 27, 2017	Railways Leave a comment
You enjoy different modes of transportation like – Air Transportation, Road Transportation, Sea Transportation, and Railways. The largest and the most sorted after transportation is the "Railways". Across the globe, the fast and widespread networking of rail lines in the past few decades has helped everyone from daily commuter, tourists, traders, businessmen and occasional traveler. Railways support and facilitate a lot of industries as well like the transportation industry, tourism, catering and much more. The infrastructure of the railways today decides the economy of the country. There are countries that have a separate "Budget" presented for the railways. Thousands of people earn their bread and butter from this mode of transportation, both directly and indirectly. World's top ten largest Railway networks are:
1) The United States
PC : http://theforwardcabin.com
With railway length of over 2, 50,000 kms the Railways in the United States is the largest network in the world. The control is in the hands of private organizations and amongst them is – "Union Pacific Railroad" and "BNSF Railway" which run the world's largest freight railroad network. "Amtrak" is the largest passenger rail network and is the national passenger network as well. The passenger network is around 35,000 kms with approximately 30 train routes and 500 stations. Of the total tracks around 1600 kms are electrified.
2) Russia
PC : https://larussophobe.wordpress.com
The nationalized rail network- RZD (Russia Railways) has railway network of 85500 kms with around 50,000 kms of electrified tracks. Approximately 1.08 billion passengers traveled in 2013 and the network is excellently connected with many European and Asian rail systems like – Poland, China, Mongolia, France and North Korea. One of the busiest railway lines is also in Russia i.e. the Trans-Siberian Railway. Russia has the 2nd largest railway network in the World.
3) China
PC : www.railtourguide.com
The Chinese Government run China Railway network has a track length of around 69000 kms, with around 11300 kms of tracks electrified. People Extensively traveled by railway network in China and in 2013 around 2.08 billion passengers traveled in China Railways making it the second largest in terms of carrying passengers, after India. The country also has an extensive network of high-speed railway tracks and runs around 10,000 km of tracks. It runs the world's longest high-speed railway line – the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed line which is 2298 kms long. China has the world's 3rd largest railway network.
4) India
PC : http://www.digitalindia.indiaincorporated.com
With approximately 1.4 million employee, making it the 8th largest employer in the world, Indian railways is run by the Indian government. The length of the tracks is approximately 65,000 kms of which around 28000 kms are electrified. The robust network carried around 8 billion passengers and approximately 1 billion tonnes of freight in 2013. The infrastructure is so strong that it runs around 19000 trains every day with 12000 passenger trains and 7000 freight trains. India has the 4th largest railway network in the world.
-: Recommended Read :-
Top 10 Fastest Trains in India || Fastest Rajdhani Trains in India || India's first CNG Train
10 Most Beautiful Railway Stations in India || 3 International Train Route from India
5) Canada
PC : www.freshtrackscanada.com
The privately run railways in the country has players like – Canadian National Railway, Canadian Pacific Railway, which are the major networks in terms of carrying freight, Via rail, Algoma Central Railway, and Ontario Northland Railway are the passenger carriers. An intercity passenger service with a track length of 12000 km is run by Via Rail and the rural areas are served by Algoma Central Railway. The country also runs a separate "Luxury Rail Network" touring between the scenic beauties of mountainous areas of the nation. The total track in the country runs around 48000 kms. Canada has the 5th largest railway network in the world.
6) Germany
PC : http://washtenawtod.blogspot.in
The country has both state-run and private railway network and runs around 41,000 kms of railway track, of which approximately 19000 kms of tracks are electrified. The government run – Deutshe Bahn operates high-speed railway services by the name of – Intercity Express. There are more than 150 private railway companies in Germany, S-Bahn and Hamburg-Cologne Express are few of the major ones. Germany has the World's 6th largest railway network.
7) Australia
PC : https://piccolocollio.it
Private companies dominate the country's railway network, though the government also has its operations and majorly the maintenance of the infrastructure is done by it. With a track length if approximately 40,000 kms around 3000 kms are electrified. Few of the major freight carriers in the country are – Aurizon Genesee and Wyoming Australia, and Pacific National. Australia has the 7th largest railway network in the world.
8) Argentina
PC : www.argentina.travel
The 36,000 kms of tracks in the country is state-run of which, only 136 kms is electrified. With around 47,000 kms of track, initially, operated by British and French-owned companies had to be shortened due to losses. Though the Argentinean railways were again privatized between 1992 and 1995 but were not successful. Argentina has the World's 8th largest railway network.
9) South Africa
PC : www.luxurytrainclub.com
The country runs around 31,000 kms of railway track of which 25000 kms are electrified. The state-run railways have a density of 1742 persons per track. The famous "Blue Line / Train" which runs a distance of around 1600 kms between Cape Town to Johannesburg is the world's best luxury train line and is a tourist attraction. South Africa has the World's 9th largest railway network.
10) France
PC : www.expressionsholidays.co.uk
The state-run railways consists of tracks with a distance of 29000 kms of which around 15000 kms are electrified. The "Societe Nationale des Chemins de fer Francais" or the SNCF is the national carrier and adopted the high-speed rail technology quite early. The "Train a Grande Vitesse" or the TGV is the high-speed train service which runs on the high-speed track with a distance of 1550 kms. France has the 10th largest railway network in the world.
The popularity of railway network has been increasing over the years and with countries adapting to the high-speed railways will further popularize this mode of transportation.
Tags Trains
About Anirudh Singh
Anirudh Singh is a passionate blogger and the man behind Amazing India Blog. He has 5 years of experience in the newspaper industry and he founded Amazing India Blog in 2015. Apart from writing and editing articles on Travel, Business and Technology at Amazing India Blog, he also contributes to other well known newspapers and online news blogs.
The Luxurious Tejas Express
10 Most Beautiful Railway Stations in India
Top 10 Fastest Trains in India
All the data shown above will be stored by Amazing India Blog on http://amazingindiablog.in. At any point of time, you can contact us and select the data you wish to anonymise or delete so it cannot be linked to your email address any longer. When your data is anonymised or deleted, you will receive an email confirmation. We also use cookies and/or similar technologies to analyse customer behaviour, administer the website, track users' movements, and to collect information about users. This is done in order to personalise and enhance your experience with us. Click here to Read our Cookie Policy.
Copyright © 2015-2018. Amazing India Blog. All Rights Reserved


text:
La oleoresina de pimentón (conocida también como extracto del pimentón o abreviadamente como ORP) es un colorante natural de color rojo en formato de oleoresina. Se emplea en la industria alimentaria bajo la denominación codificada E160c. Suele aplicarse a los alimentos que poseen un estado líquido o viscoso con la intención de tintarlos de color rojizo. suele extraerse de forma natural procedente de los pimientos (es decir de los frutos de la especie Capsicum annuum). Se encuentra en grandes cantidades en las especias fundamentadas en el pimentón, empleadas en la coloración .

Propiedades
La oleorresina del pimentón es una sustancia líquida que presenta propiedades ligeramente viscosas, su color es originariamente de rojo intenso, colores rojo violáceo oscuro, y con aroma típico de pimentón según las calidades, orígenes de los frutos. Con presencia de colores homogénea, es empleada en la industria por presentar buenas propiedades de fluidez a temperatura ambiente. Además de proporcionar color rojo, suele proporcionar sabor a pimentón. Es muy poco soluble en agua y en algunas ocasiones para lograr que se disuelva se añaden tensoactivos, o también mediante microencapsulación mediante mezclas con gelatina o goma arábiga. En algunas concentraciones la capsaicina se encuentra presente y esto es tenido en cuenta debido a la presenecia de propiedades pungentes. Su extracción de las frutas del Capsicum Anuum L. se realiza mediante el empleo de solventes como el hexano.

La oleoresina posee una gran variedad de compuestos químicos (casi más de 100). suele componerse de substancias lipofílicas como son los mono, di y triglicéridos; de ácidos grasos libres, así como de diversos pigmentos (carotenos de estructura hidrocarbonada, o xantofilas con oxígeno), aceites esenciales; resinas ácidas así como sus ésteres; terpenos, ceras, esteroles de origen vegetal y en diversa cantidad capsaicinoides.

Referencias

Oleoresinas
Colorantes alimentarios
Industria alimentaria

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


My video Valentina Lisitsa: a somehow impossible combination of Backhaus and Argerich, published in March 2010 – and having more than 47.000 views on 13 November 2011, when this message was published – deserved a remake, a promotion from SD to HD.
Here's the 'makeover', published on YouTube on 12 November 2011. Play the clip in 1080p to see the best result in High Definition.
on 22 January in Delft in theatre De Veste and on 27 January in the Philharmonie in Haarlem.
Some stunning playing in this blog by Valentina Lisitsa. Two recordings of the cadenza in Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto #1: first a solotake filmed by me, then another take of this cadenza – filmed by Val's husband Alexei Kuznetsoff and at that point with the LSO around 🙂 Both takes filmed at Abbey Road Studios, London, September 2009.
In December 2010 Valentina plays the Rachmaninoff piano concerto #1 twice in Germany with the WDR Sinfonieorchester Köln conducted by Jukka-Pekka Saraste: in Duisburg on 9 December and in Köln on 10 December.


New Delhi: Former Indian army chief General (Retd) V K Singh Tuesday dropped another bombshell by saying that ministers in the State are being paid by army for "stability and harmony" of the State. "Army transfers money to all the ministers in Jammu and Kashmir because there are various things to be done and ministers have to do so many things as part of the stabilising factor in the State and for organising various activities," Singh told private TV channel Times Now. Asked whether all ministers are paid, he said, "May be not all the ministers but certain ministers and people are given a certain sum to get a particular thing done. That job involves bringing stability to a particular area." "There are times like who funded KPL (Kashmir Premier League)? Did the JK government or Omar Abdullah fund it? The Army funded it," he said. Gen V K Singh, whose tenure as Army Chief was shrouded in a controversy over his date of birth, said, "Kashmir is a different issue altogether. A lot of things are done where you do a lot of civic and youth work. For all this, money is needed. A certain amount of money is given for these works. Where is the problem?" He was responding to allegations that a minister in J&K government Ghulam Hassan Mir was paid Rs 1.19 crore by the Technical Support Division (TSD) set up during his tenure to destabilise the state government. Asked if a minister like Mir takes money and siphons it off, Singh said, "I do not think so. We have a system to ensure its accountability. There are proper receipts and ensured that the work given is done." "This had been going on in J&K since India's independence. This is a system to ensure that all the governments are helped. To ensure things are done. This is nothing new," he said. He further said there are things which happen in J&K, which are inimical to the country. "We have a job and that is to keep the country together. If we find that we can help, that integrity can be maintained, if we find things can be done, then the army steps in." While addressing a press conference at his residence in Gurgaon this afternoon, Singh said money given to the ministers in J&K was not a bribe but aimed at creating goodwill among people. "I did not commit any mistake. When I had said some politicians were given money, it was not meant for their personal purpose or political purpose. It was not for lining their pockets or for bribe. If somebody says that any minister was given a bribe, it is totally wrong," he clarified. He said the money was meant solely for stability to win hearts and minds of people to wean people away from separatist activities under the overall umbrella of sadbhavna (harmony). He claimed such activities are carried out by the Army in many areas and are not limited to Jammu and Kashmir. He, however, refused to name anyone. "The "leakage" of an army inquiry report on the functioning of the controversial Technical Support Division (TSD) set up by him amounted to treason," retired army chief said and rejected the contention that the intelligence unit was his "private army". He suspected that the report was "leaked" and a controversy is being sought to be created in order to cover up certain "burning issues". "After the report surfaced, a number of burning issues were pushed to the background. Was this not a reason behind leaking the report. All this was done deliberately to create a smokescreen and divert the attention of the people," he alleged. Slamming those who "leaked" the report about the functioning of the intelligence unit, Singh said "If we discuss the functioning of the intelligence agencies in public, then it is treason. It should be probed how this report was being leaked and action should be taken against persons who have attempted to make such a leak. This is treason." He said such activities cannot be carried out while being in uniform, therefore intelligence units carry out such tasks. "Some people who say that the unit was my private army should discard such ideas. This unit was functioning under the DG Military Intelligence. I am not here to micromanage things. I commanded 12 lakh men," Singh said adding had the unit not been disbanded the recent incidents along the borders would not have taken place.


MT&L provides the complete solution for your card program needs. With card production, personalization, retail packaging (J-Hook), mail fulfillment, and kitting all in one building we are able to support our clients with fast and efficient service. Our advanced payments portfolio supports the growth in chip based payment technologies with a full line of products and services that include contactless cards for closed loop payment systems like public transport, contact EMV cards for financial institutions, and Trusted Service Manager (TSM) services for the provisioning of mobile credentials.


#Whole30 Days 8 and 9 — MommiesRun.
There was a moment on Monday where I did not think I would still be posting my daily Whole30 eats. But lucky for you I'm still on board thanks to a pep talk from Tara. I guess I can say that I learned that stress is a trigger for me to want to chow down on non-Good Food. I might have told her that I wanted to face plant into a cupcake. Somehow I survived that breakdown and had a snack of raw cashews to tide me over until dinner. Lesson learned: Avoid stressful situations. Haha just kidding, I'm a pharmacist and it's January...there's no way to avoid that situation!
Monday morning I was in a rush to get the girls ready for school and get myself fed so I had my old standby: eggs and power greens plus some coffee with almond milk. One might think I'd be bored with eggs, but they'd be wrong. I literally wake up excited to eat my eggs! Have I said that before?
For lunch I made a salad of power greens with carrots, raspberries, and walnuts. I also cooked some salmon in the microwave and put that in the salad along with a drizzle of Tessemae's Lemon Garlic dressing which is OMG AMAZING.
For dinner I made a family favorite: Stuffed Pepper Soup with a salad. While the family had rice in their soup, I skipped it, and it tasted just as good. I will admit I would have liked some rice just because but I was fine without it. I topped the salad with some cucumbers, olives, and more Tessemae's.
During the day I snacked on an apple and raw cashews and I had some tea at bedtime.
Like I mentioned at the start of this post, it was a stressful day at work for me. That stress made me crave things I don't need, things that besides not being Whole30 approved are things that will end up making me feel worse. I'm glad I survived that storm, and more importantly I proved to myself that I'm stronger than a craving.
Last week before my long run I tried this as my breakfast and it seemed to work well, so I went with it again. A banana, LaraBar and almond butter is a great pre run breakfast when you can't stomach veggies before a run, like me.
Right after my run I ate some orange slices that I had brought with me, but then I headed home to get some protein. In all honesty, I wasn't hungry. I felt fine, great actually, after my run, but just not hungry. I knew I needed to eat though so I had some eggs, guacamole, and carrots.
A new Five Guys opened in our area and I decided to try their bunless burger. I still wasn't hungry for some reason so this size really was perfect for me. While this might have been a little out of the Whole30 zone, everything I could find in their nutritional information showed that there was no sugar, soy, grains, etc in the burger. So I went with it, and it was good!
I don't know what my deal was, but I just wasn't hungry all day. This is really weird for me because I'm hungry like all the time. And I even ran 10 miles! Hopefully I'm not getting sick or anything.
Well, I'm pretty much a third of the way though now! I'm hopeful that I'll be able to stay strong for the rest of the 30 days. Please let me know if you have any questions about my journey so far. I plan on having a post later this week about my running while on Whole30. Also, check out my friend Margaret's blog post about what she ate in a day: girlfriend knows how to cook good food and take amazing pictures!


text:
import { createStore, applyMiddleware } from 'redux';
import promise from 'redux-promise';
import thunk from 'redux-thunk';

import reducer from '../reducers';

const store = createStore(reducer, applyMiddleware(promise, thunk));

export default store;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Tallahassee City Commission Meeting Notes: March 23, 2022
By Lynsey Kirk on March 24, 2022 4 Comments
During the City of Tallahassee Commissioners meeting, the Board unanimously approved reserving an additional $227,853 from the American Rescue Plan Act Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Relief Funds for Phase one of the 300-unit Orange Avenue Redevelopment Project. The Tallahassee Housing Authority requested $1.2 million from the county and the city. The county promised $1,002,853, and the city's funds will make up the difference. The funding request is due to project cost increases.
—The city commission approved the contract for Intelligent Transportation Services, Inc. for $454,640, to procure traffic cameras for the Tallahassee Advanced Transportation Management System. The cameras will be installed by city staff.
—The city commission unanimously approved accepting a grant from the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services for $48,000. The grant will be used for the Florida Urban and Community Farming Pilot Program. The funding will provide urban farming, and entrepreneurship training to residents and support paid urban farming apprenticeships for program graduates.
—The city commission approved the partnership between the city's Tallahassee Engaged in Meaningful Productivity for Opportunity (TEMPO) program and the Office of the Public Defender, Second Judicial Circuit (PD2). By partnering with the PD2, the city's TEMPO program seeks to increase educational, employment, and training opportunities for disconnected youth, ages 18 to 24, within the Second Judicial Circuit of Florida.
—The city commission heard an update from Sheriff Walt McNeil on the Council on the Status of Men and Boys. He made the commissioners aware of their progress in securing funding. In addition, the sheriff has addressed the Leon County School Board and requested their financial support in the sum of $70,000 and is awaiting official action by the LCSB.
—The commissioners heard a status report on the Southside Transit Center (SSTC) project. The project is in phase two and is currently at 30% of the finalized design.
—After significant debate, the city commission voted 3-2, with Commissioners Jeremy Matlow and Jack Porter in opposition, to approve the adoption of Ordinance 21-Z-11AA, officially rezoning 2.47 acres at the northeast corner of the intersection of North Blair Stone and Miccosukee Roads from the Office Residential (OR-2) zoning district to the General Commercial (C-2) zoning district.
—The city commission voted unanimously to approve an amendment to the English Property PUD to increase the acreage of the PUD by 494 acres (currently zoned Critical Planning Area) for a total of 744 acres. The property straddles Blair Stone Road, generally south of Orange Avenue East, north of Tram Road, east of Rickards High School, and west of Capital Circle SE.
The approval included four additional conditions recommended by staff.
Tallahassee City Commission Meeting Notes: March 23, 2022 added by Lynsey Kirk on March 24, 2022
View all posts by Lynsey Kirk →
4 Responses to "Tallahassee City Commission Meeting Notes: March 23, 2022"
There is hope on the horizon… the August and November elections are near and the oligarch wannabes John Failey, Nick Baddox, Bill Crockter, Lian'n Williams-Cox will be voted out of office.
More misappropriation of Covid tax dollars meant to help pay rent and utility bills for those directly effected by the China Bio-Weapon Scamdemic. Moreover, the misappropriated funds are being used to cover cost overruns of an existing (non Covid related) housing project – again, not at all related to Covid. Much like the Defund the Police campaign, the funds are simply reallocated to entitlement programs that emphasize the dependence on government.
Can you say taxation without representation?
William_Wallace says:
Nothing says government waste like spending Covid relief funds on public housing projects.
Commissioners Jeremy Matlow and Jack Porter hosted a fundraiser 3/8/22 for Aramis Ayala for Attorney General. I guess they don't support Ashley Moody.
Commissioners Jeremy Matlow and Jack Porter were both speakers at the "Rally for the People" along with Florida Rep. Anna Eskamani in November of 2021.
Birds of a feather flock together.