text:
http://www.freedomworks.org/content/key-vote-no-democrats%E2%80%99-partisan-reconciliation-package-hr-1319-0
Key Vote
Key Vote NO on the Democrats' Partisan Reconciliation Package, H.R. 1319
On behalf of FreedomWorks activists nationwide, I urge you to contact your senators and ask them to vote NO on the House spending package being advanced under budget reconciliation, dubbed the "American Rescue Plan Act of 2021," H.R. 1319.
This bill would spend another $1.9 trillion on top of the over $4 trillion that Congress already allocated for COVID-19 relief in 2020. In addition to the fact that much of the previously appropriated money has not even been spent or used, the lion's share of this money isn't even addressing the root problems being posed by this pandemic itself, and in fact is making the situation worse. As the President of the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, Maya MacGuineas, has noted, "Only about 1 percent of the entire package goes toward COVID vaccines, and 5 percent is truly focused on public health needs surrounding the pandemic." As was expected, H.R. 1319 provides for $1,400 direct payments to individuals, dubbed "recovery rebates," with an additional $1,400 for each dependent, and $2,800 for joint filers. These direct payments come on top of the original $1,000 and $600 payments from 2020. As with previous direct payment schemes, writing more checks to the American public is putting a band-aid on a bullet wound. These provisions do nothing to aid in reopening our economy or help unemployed Americans get back to work and often go to individuals who don't need it, at the expense of those in our society who are truly hurting from this pandemic and its effects.
Similarly, this package includes another $128.5 billion in new aid for the Department of Education to disperse to the states, with no ties to reopening schools. This is in spite of the fact that there is still well over $50 billion in previous education funds unused from previous COVID relief bills. Much of this money is not even obligated to be spent within the next year or two, and does nothing to solve the basic problem that states and localities need to get kids back physically into classrooms as soon as possible (which the CDC has declared safe to do).
One of the most contentious sections of H.R. 1319 as it was considered in the House would more than double the federal minimum wage from $7.25 per hour to $15 per hour over the next five years. Fortunately, the Senate parliamentarian ruled that this provision may not be included in a reconciliation bill, as it is not compliant with the Byrd Rule, which is not just a rule -- it is statute. However, it still is critical to note how devastating such a policy would be for our nation, placing a heavy burden on small businesses, such as restaurants, that are already in dire straits due to government-mandated lockdowns. Such a proposal should be opposed any way it arises.
In addition to the massive amount of federal dollars already spent to bail out state and local governments, H.R. 1319 gives away $219.8 billion to cover the costs of the COVID-19 pandemic and "address the negative economic impacts of such emergency." Subtitle A of Title V provides $4.5 billion for territories, $20 billion for tribal governments, and $195.3 billion for the states and DC. This section also provides an additional $130.2 billion for local governments. These state and local bailouts are framed as "fiscal recovery funds," despite the fact that they do nothing to solve the underlying fiscal issues faced by state and local governments, many of which predated COVID-19. Once again, Congress appears more willing to simply throw money we don't have at an issue rather than addressing its root cause, and in the process, forcing taxpayers from fiscally responsible states to subsidize the fiscal mismanagement of blue states.
H.R. 1319 also provides an additional $10 billion to be used in the centralized planning and production of medical supplies under the Defense Production Act (DPA). Throughout this pandemic, attempts to centrally direct these supplies have repeatedly proven less effective than similar efforts by private actors, as exemplified most recently by the embarrassingly inefficient initial distribution of vaccines by federal and state authorities.
For these reasons, we urge you to contact your senators and ask them to vote NO on the so-called American Rescue Plan Act, H.R. 1319. FreedomWorks may count this vote on our 2021 Congressional Scorecard and reserves the right to score any additional motions or other related votes. The scorecard is used to determine eligibility for the FreedomFighter Award, which recognizes Members of the House and Senate who consistently vote to support economic freedom and individual liberty.
Adam Brandon, President, FreedomWorks
Tags key vote, H.R. 1319, budget reconciliation, reconciliation, COVID19, covid, covid relief, Budget, spending, minimum wage
03_03_2021_Budget_Reconciliation_H.R._1319.pdf
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FreedomWorks Statement in Response to the House Rules Committee Announcing Consideration of Biden's Big Government Socialism Bill
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text:
ཆོས་དང་དོན་རྣམ་པར་འབྱེད་པ།
Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful
Dharmārthavibhaṅga
འཕགས་པ་ཆོས་དང་དོན་རྣམ་པར་འབྱེད་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་མདོ།
'phags pa chos dang don rnam par 'byed pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po'i mdo
The Noble Great Vehicle Sūtra "Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful"
Āryadharmārthavibhaṅganāmamahāyānasūtra
Degé Kangyur, vol. 66 (mdo sde, za), folios 42.b–46.a
This print version was generated at 1.02am on Thursday, 26th January 2023 from the online version of the text available on that date. If some time has elapsed since then, this version may have been superseded, as most of 84000's published translations undergo significant updates from time to time. For the latest online version, with bilingual display, interactive glossary entries and notes, and a variety of further download options, please see
https://read.84000.co/translation/toh247.html.
1. Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful
There are two main themes in Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful . One is in the narrative structure: The Buddha Śākyamuni tells how, countless eons ago, in a world called Flower Origin, a buddha named Arisen from Flowers gave instructions to a royal family, and prophesied the awakening of the prince Ratnākara. Arisen from Flowers, the Buddha Śākyamuni then relates, has since become the buddha Amitābha, and the prince Ratnākara the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. The other theme is doctrinal, and lies in the content of the teaching given by Arisen from Flowers: it explains the four mistakes made by ordinary beings in the way they perceive the five aggregates, and how bodhisattvas teach them how to clear away these misconceptions, so that they may be free of the sufferings that result.
Translated by the Dharmachakra Translation Committee under the guidance of Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche. The translation was produced by Anna Zilman and Timothy Hinkle. Andreas Doctor compared the translation with the Tibetan and edited the text.
Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful is a scripture that in the Degé Kangyur belongs to the General Sūtra section. The sūtra is set in Anāthapiṇḍada's park at Śrāvastī, where the Buddha Śākyamuni is residing with a gathering of monks and bodhisattvas. In delivering his teaching, Śākyamuni describes an ancient world known as Flower Origin,1 in which lived a buddha called Arisen from Flowers.2 That world was governed by a king known as Attainment of Victory, under whose rule everyone practiced the Great Vehicle. Prompted by the prince Ratnākara, the royal family goes to meet Arisen from Flowers. That buddha then teaches the audience about the insubstantial and unsatisfactory nature of the aggregates, and describes beings' tendency to perceive the aggregates in a flawed manner: while the aggregates are actually impermanent, repulsive, unclean, and unreal, sentient beings conceive of them as lasting, beautiful, pure, and true. The Buddha Śākyamuni further explains how beings are themselves a product of their actions, and that the five aggregates (the components that together constitute a sentient being) are not purposely created by anyone.
The sūtra thus presents a version of the well–known "four errors" (catvāro viparyāsāḥ, phyin ci log pa bzhi), often described in Buddhist canonical literature as the main underpinnings of sentient beings' mistaken view of the world: erroneously perceiving (1) the impermanent to be permanent, (2) the painful to be pleasant, (3) the dirty to be clean, and (4) what has no self to have a self.3 The four errors are discussed extensively not only in the Abhidharma, but also in the Catuḥśataka of Āryadeva (fl. third century), where each is treated in a separate chapter (chapters 6–9).4 The present sūtra invokes the four errors, but instead of presenting the illusion that the painful is pleasant, it speaks of the illusion that the repulsive (mi sdug pa) is beautiful (sdug pa). Aside from this minor twist, the context remains that of the usual four errors.
Once the Buddha Arisen from Flowers has taught the audience, the king, queen, prince, and the entire retinue all take ordination. The thus-gone one then prophesies Prince Ratnākara's awakening, revealing his future name, world, lifespan, and the nature of his teachings. Toward the end of the sūtra, the Buddha Śākyamuni reveals the current identity of the main characters of his narrative. Arisen from Flowers has now become the buddha Amitābha, and Ratnākara has become the bodhisattva known as Avalokiteśvara. In the remainder of the sūtra, Śākyamuni reveals that anyone who faithfully receives this Dharma teaching will be reborn in Sukhāvatī (the buddha realm of Amitābha) and that all women who touch or read this sūtra will be able to exchange their female bodies for male forms and never again take rebirth in a female body.5
The title of the sūtra could be interpreted in a number of different ways, some of which would require translations other than the one we have chosen. Chos (dharma) could refer to qualities, factors, practices, states, phenomena, or the teachings, while don (artha), too, has a wide range of meanings including object, referent, goal, purpose, worth, use, meaning, and cause. We have inevitably had to narrow the possibilities down to produce a rendering in English.6
There is no extant Sanskrit version of this scripture, and the sūtra does not appear to have been translated into Chinese. In producing this translation, we have based our work on the Degé xylograph Kangyur while consulting the Comparative Edition ( dpe bsdur ma ), as well as the Stok Palace manuscript Kangyur. The colophon of the sūtra states that it was translated by the Indian preceptors Jinamitra and Dānaśīla, as well as the prolific Tibetan translator Yeshé Dé. We can therefore date the Tibetan translation to the late eighth or early ninth century, and this is confirmed by the text's inclusion in the early ninth century Denkarma ( ldan dkar ma ) and Phangthangma ( 'phang thang ma ) catalogues.7
[F.42.b]
Homage to all buddhas and bodhisattvas!
Thus did I hear at one time. The Blessed One was staying in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍada's park in Śrāvastī. He was there together with a great saṅgha of monks, as well as a great saṅgha of bodhisattvas.
At that time, the Blessed One recounted the following to the bodhisattva great being [F.43.a] Delighted by Victory:
"Noble son, at a past time countless, limitless, immeasurably many eons ago, there was a world called Flower Origin. It was abundantly prosperous and happy, had good crops, and was delightful. It was filled with many people, and was as even as the palm of a hand. Noble son, in the world Flower Origin dwelled the thus-gone, worthy, perfect buddha Arisen from Flowers. He still abides there, alive and well, teaching the Dharma to the fourfold assembly, as well as to gods, nāgas, yakṣas, gandharvas, demigods, garuḍas, kinnaras, mahoragas, humans, and non-humans.
"Noble son, in the world Flower Origin lived the ruler Attainment of Victory. He was a universal emperor, who had as his dominion the entire trichiliocosm. Noble son, under the king's rule8 beings had found happiness and well-being, followed the path of the ten virtuous deeds, and were satisfied with their spouses. Everyone there had entered but a single vehicle: they had entered the Great Vehicle. They had entered the supreme vehicle. They had entered the main vehicle. They had entered the true vehicle. They had entered the foremost vehicle—the best, the finest, and the highest vehicle. The vehicle they had entered was higher than the highest: the unsurpassed vehicle. They had entered the unequaled vehicle. They had entered the matchless vehicle. They had entered the inconceivable vehicle. They had entered the unfathomable vehicle. [F.43.b] Noble son, under the rule of that king Attainment of Victory, vehicles other than the Great Vehicle were unheard of.
"Noble son, in his retinue of queens King Attainment of Victory had ninety-nine thousand wives, none of whom had entered any other vehicle. They all belonged solely to the Great Vehicle, longed for the Dharma day and night, and took delight in the Dharma. Noble son, that king's primary wife Ratnaśrī, who was a beloved9 bodhisattva, followed the Buddha, the Dharma,10 and the Saṅgha. She belonged to the Great Vehicle, longed for the Dharma at all times, and found delight only in the joy of the Dharma.
"Noble son, once, while Ratnaśrī was seated upon a splendid lion throne, her son Ratnākara got down from her lap where he had been sitting in the cross-legged posture. He was adorned with divine ornaments, attired with divine fabrics, and his body was adorned with the excellent major and minor marks. As soon as he got down, the child asked his mother, 'Mother, is the thus-gone Arisen from Flowers still alive?'
"The queen Ratnaśrī answered the young child:
" 'My only son, the omniscient one,
The protector of the world,
The unsurpassed one who delights all—
He is alive in the world of gods and humans.'
"The prince Ratnākara then said to his parents, 'Father and Mother, come here! We must go to the thus-gone, worthy, perfect buddha Arisen from Flowers in order to behold him, to pay homage and make offerings, to serve him, and to receive Dharma teachings from him. If you wonder why we need to do so, Father and Mother, it is because the Thus-Gone One performs hardships in the world of gods and humans.
" 'He is a protector liberating those who have not been liberated.
He grants eyesight to the blind.
He is heroic and courageous with regard to the Dharma. [F.44.a]
He is as unwavering as a great mountain.'
"King Attainment of Victory and Queen Ratnaśrī then brought their son and the retinue of queens and servants and went before that blessed one. They circumambulated that blessed one seven times and offered him extremely valuable pearl necklaces, after which they all sat down among the assembly. Noble son, the prince then rose up into the sky to the height of seven palm trees by means of his miraculous ability, and showered upon the blessed Arisen from Flowers a rain of jewels, flowers, and incense. He then proclaimed to that blessed one:
" 'O Teacher, you have crossed
The great river of suffering,
And ferry beings across it.
I have come here to see you, Omniscient One.
" 'As the unsurpassed protector of the world,
There is no one who has ever matched you,
Or displayed such qualities as yours,
In the world of gods and humans.
" 'You establish in the Lesser Vehicle
Beings who have strayed onto negative paths,
Those who are under the sway of desire and anger,
And then you teach the Great Vehicle.
" 'You are skilled in means and courageous,
A master of great compassion.
The Dharma is meaningful and you are sated by the Dharma;
You set forth the Dharma and are a source of all qualities.
" 'Also, knowing phenomena to be unborn
And without substance,
You know their true nature.
That is how you perform hardships.'
"The young prince praised that blessed one in this manner, then circumambulated him and sat before him.
"The Blessed One looked in all directions with his broad eyes, which resembled the petals of a lotus flower. Knowing the minds and mental states of the fourfold assembly, he said to King Attainment of Victory:
" 'Great King, although the five aggregates are insubstantial, childish ordinary beings think of them as being substantial. [F.44.b] Great King, the aggregates look awful; they smell terrible; they ooze pus and blood; they are like wood, clods of dirt, or roads; and they are insubstantial, inert, and interlinked with joy and sorrow. They are linked to each other by chains of craving, are full of affliction, and are vile. Still, ordinary beings think that such insubstantial things are substantial; they think that impermanent things are permanent, repulsive things are beautiful, unclean things are clean, and unreal things are real. Great King, the five aggregates are "painted" by one's own karma. As an analogy, O Great King, there is no painter who paints the peacock's five-colored tail, and neither is there any paint involved. Rather, it is painted by the peacock's own karma. Great King, in the same way, childish ordinary beings arise from reciprocal conditions, painted by their own karma.'
"At this point the bodhisattva great being Invincible Lord11 stood up among the assembly, circumambulated the Blessed One, draped his shawl over one shoulder, knelt down on his right knee, and bowed with joined palms.
"He said to the Blessed One, 'Blessed One, these aggregates do look awful and smell terrible; they ooze blood and pus; they are like wood, clods of dirt, walls, or roads; they are insubstantial and inert. Childish ordinary beings think that these things have substance, but these beings are like the mistaken, the blind, and the confused. They have fallen into bewilderment. They are completely enveloped in darkness, obscurity, and veils. They are lost in the dense thicket of all their wrong views. Blessed One, these four collections of the Dharma are all profound; they are like space. [F.45.a] Blessed One, will any beings ever come to understand correctly the statements that are spoken in discourses such as this?'
"The blessed Arisen from Flowers answered that bodhisattva great being, 'Noble son, whenever bodhisattva great beings manifest, it will be in order to purify beings. They teach them the Dharma in accordance with their inclinations. They cut through the cravings of those who are tormented by craving. They clear away the suffering of those tormented by pain. Knowing all phenomena to be insubstantial and knowing them to be like space, they direct sentient beings to the nature of phenomena. Bodhisattvas are then known as purifiers of beings.'
"When that blessed, thus-gone, worthy, perfect buddha Arisen from Flowers had delivered this teaching concerning sentient beings, King Attainment of Victory cut off his hair and beard. His son, as well as Queen Ratnaśrī and the retinue of queens and servants, likewise all cut off their hair and they all took ordination with the Blessed One.
"The Blessed One now spoke to the assembly: 'Noble children, look at the young prince. Noble children, this sublime being has produced roots of virtue in the company of ninety-nine trillion buddhas. On all of these occasions he has become a Dharma preacher. And this person here has always been the father of that sublime being. This sublime being has always ripened beings to unsurpassed and perfect awakening. Noble children, as soon as I pass into parinirvāṇa, the young prince Ratnākara will become a buddha. He will be seated in front of the tree of awakening, which will be bedecked with various precious stones. When he attains awakening, he will become a thus-gone, worthy, perfect buddha. [F.45.b] He will be someone learned and virtuous, a blissful one, a knower of the world, a charioteer who guides beings, an unsurpassed being, a teacher of gods and humans, a blessed buddha known as Splendorous King of Shining Light. His world will be known as Painted with Many Jewels. He will have an immeasurable saṅgha of hearers. He will have a lifespan of ninety-six trillion eons. The appearance of his sacred Dharma will remain for seven million five hundred thousand years.'
"Noble son, at that time, when the prophecy concerning that bodhisattva great being was made, eighty-four thousand beings gained acceptance that phenomena are unborn. Noble son, should you wonder, question, or have doubts regarding the identity of the thus-gone one of that time, there is no need. Why so? Noble son, it is the thus-gone, worthy, perfect buddha Amitābha who was known at that time as the thus-gone Arisen from Flowers and who taught the Dharma in that world. Noble son, should you wonder, question, or have doubts regarding the identity of the prince known as Ratnākara at that time, there is no need. Why so? Noble son, it is the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara who was at that time the son of King Attainment of Victory. That thus-gone one prophesied, 'He will gain awakening from me.' "
The bodhisattva great being Delighted by Victory, who was among the retinue, now joined his palms and asked the Blessed One, "Blessed One, will beings who have not produced roots of virtue ever even hear this Dharma teaching, [F.46.a] let alone commit it to writing, commission it to be written, retain it, recite it, or offer flowers, incense, and incense powder to it?"
The Blessed One replied to the bodhisattva great being Delighted by Victory, "Noble son, only those who have served as many buddhas as there are grains of sand in the Ganges River will come across this discourse. Noble son, those sentient beings who hear this Dharma teaching and do not doubt it will be reborn in the realm of Sukhāvatī after they die and pass from this world. Noble son, any place where this discourse is kept will become worthy of homage. Noble son, later, in the future, any woman who holds or reads aloud this Dharma teaching will exchange her female body and be reborn in the realm of Sukhāvatī. That will be her last birth as a female.12 She will, moreover, behold the thus-gone Amitābha at the moment of death."
Once the Blessed One had spoken, the bodhisattva great being Delighted by Victory, the other bodhisattvas, the monks, and the rest of the assembly, along with the world with its gods, humans, demigods, and gandharvas, all rejoiced and praised what the Blessed One had said.
This concludes the noble Great Vehicle sūtra "Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful."
Translated, edited, and finalized by the Indian preceptors Jinamitra and Dānaśila, and by the chief editor and translator Bandé Yeshé Dé.
The Sanskrit name for this world is most likely puṣpākara. This is attested in Negi for me tog gi 'byung gnas and it is found in Edgerton (1998, p. 350) as the name of a buddha. We have not, however, found a world by this name, i.e., a puṣpākaraloka, and have therefore rendered this name in English translation.
Although canonical sources list past buddhas known either as puṣpa, puṣpita, or puṣpakṛta, we have not found an attested Sanskrit for the Tibetan me tog las byung ba. We have therefore preferred to use the English translation of this name, rather than attempt a reconstruction, especially because clear lists and equivalents for such names of buddhas as these do not as yet seem to be available. For a discussion of the names of buddhas listed in the Bhadrakalpikasūtra , see Skilling (2010) and, in particular, Skilling (2014).
For a discussion of these four errors, see Lang (2003).
See Lang (1986).
This notion that women might be obliged to turn into or be reborn as men in order to awaken to buddhahood, somewhat jarring to modern sensibilities, is a common idea found throughout Mahāyāna literature. For more on this theme, see Nattier (2002). Statements of this kind are partially counterbalanced by passages in other sūtras in which the role of gender is downplayed or deconstructed.
In translating don as "what is meaningful," we have taken as one of the only available cues the single occurrence of the word in the text—in the third line of 1.15. Although the translation of this line renders chos as "the Dharma" rather than as "phenomena," the play between the different meanings of this word in this and the following stanza in the source text, and the possible ambiguities that result, are probably intentional.
In the Denkarma catalogue, which is usually thought to date to c. 812 ᴄᴇ, the sūtra is included (F.299.b.3) among the "Miscellaneous Sūtras" ( mdo sde sna tshogs ) less than one hundred ślokas in length, but the order of the words in the title is inverted to don dang chos rnam par 'byed pa ("Distinguishing What is Meaningful and Phenomena"). See also Herrmann-Pfandt 2008, p. 111, no. 208. In the Phangthangma catalogue, the title is the same as in all Kangyurs.
Tibetan: tshig rab.
Translated based on the Stok Palace Kangyur: sdug pa. The Degé Kangyur reads: sdud pa.
Translated based on the Yongle, Lithang, Kangxi, Narthang, Choné, Lhasa, and Stok Palace Kangyurs: sangs rgyas dang chos. The Degé Kangyur reads: sangs rgyas pa'i chos.
The Tibetan for this bodhisattva's name is mi pham dbang phyug. mi pham translates the Sanskrit ajita, which is an epithet typically associated with Maitreya. It is therefore possible that the bodhisattva mentioned here could be the well-known Maitreya.
See n.5.
'phags pa chos dang don rnam par 'byed pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po'i mdo ( Āryadharmārthavibhāganāmamahāyānasūtra ). Toh 247, Degé Kangyur vol. 66 (mdo sde, za), folios 42.b–46.a.
'phags pa chos dang don rnam par 'byed pa ces bya ba thegs pa chen po'i mdo . Stok no. 116, stog pho brang bris ma , vol. 64 (mdo sde, pa), folios 349.a–354.b.
'phags pa chos dang don rnam par 'byed pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po'i mdo . bka' 'gyur (dpe bsdur ma) [Comparative Edition of the Kangyur], krung go'i bod rig pa zhib 'jug ste gnas kyi bka' bstan dpe sdur khang (The Tibetan Tripitaka Collation Bureau of the China Tibetology Research Center). 108 volumes. Beijing: krung go'i bod rig pa dpe skrun khang (China Tibetology Publishing House), 2006–2009, vol. 66, pp. 117–27.
Denkarma ( pho brang stod thang ldan dkar gyi chos kyi 'gyur ro cog gi dkar chag ), Toh. 4364. Degé Tengyur, vol. 206 (sna tshogs, jo), folios 294.b–310.a.
Edgerton, Franklin. Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary 2: Dictionary . Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1998.
Herrmann-Pfandt, Adelheid. Die lHan kar ma: ein früher Katalog der ins Tibetische übersetzten buddhistischen Texte . Wien: Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2008.
Lang, Karen C. (1986). Āryadeva's Catuḥśataka: On the Bodhisattva's Cultivation of Merit and Knowledge . Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag, 1986.
——— (2003). Four Illusions: Candrakīrti's Advice to Travelers on the Bodhisattva Path . New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
Nattier, Jan. "Gender and Enlightenment: Sexual Transformation in Mahāyāna Sūtras." Unpublished manuscript, University of Indiana, 2002.
Negi, J. S. Tibetan-Sanskrit Dictionary . 16 vols. Sarnath, Varanasi: Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies, 1993–2005.
Skilling, Peter. "Notes on the Bhadrakalpika-sūtra." Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University XIII (2010), pp. 195–229.
Skilling, Peter, and Saerji. "How the Buddhas of the Fortunate Aeon First Aspired to Awakening: The pūrva-praṇidhānas of Buddhas 1–250." Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University XVII (2014), pp. 245–91.
Acceptance that phenomena are unborn
mi skye ba'i chos la bzod pa
མི་སྐྱེ་བའི་ཆོས་ལ་བཟོད་པ།
anutpattikadharmakṣānti
The realization that all phenomena are beyond birth.
Amitābha
'od dpag med
འོད་དཔག་མེད།
The buddha residing in the western buddha realm Sukhāvatī.
Anāthapiṇḍada
mgon med zas sbyin
མགོན་མེད་ཟས་སྦྱིན།
An important benefactor of the Buddha Śākyamuni.
Arisen from Flowers
me tog las byung ba
མེ་ཏོག་ལས་བྱུང་བ།
A former buddha who is presently the Buddha Amitābha.
Attainment of Victory
rgyal ba thob pa
རྒྱལ་བ་ཐོབ་པ།
The ruler of the world Flower Origin.
Avalokiteśvara
spyan ras gzigs dbang phyug
སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་དབང་ཕྱུག
One of the main bodhisattva disciples of the Buddha Śākyamuni, praised for his compassion.
Dānaśīla
dA na shI la
དཱ་ན་ཤཱི་ལ།
An Indian paṇḍita who was resident in Tibet during the late eighth and early ninth centuries.
Delighted by Victory
rgyal bas dga'
རྒྱལ་བས་དགའ།
The bodhisattva to whom this sūtra is spoken.
lha ma yin
ལྷ་མ་ཡིན།
The traditional adversaries of the devas (gods) who are frequently portrayed in the Brahmanical mythology as having a disruptive effect on cosmological and social harmony.
101 related glossary entries
Five aggregates
phung po lnga
ཕུང་པོ་ལྔ།
pañcaskandha
The constituents of a human being: form, feeling, perception, formation, and consciousness.
Flower Origin
me tog gi 'byung gnas
མེ་ཏོག་གི་འབྱུང་གནས།
The buddha realm of the Buddha Arisen from Flowers.
Four errors
phyin ci log bzhi
ཕྱིན་ཅི་ལོག་བཞི།
caturo viparyāsā
Taking what is impermanent to be permanent, what is painful to be delightful, what is unclean to be clean, and what is no self to be a self.
Gandharva
dri za
དྲི་ཟ།
Lower class of divine being, under the control of the Guardian King of the East. Capable of flight, they are often described as "celestial musicians."
Garuḍa
nam mkha' lding
ནམ་མཁའ་ལྡིང་།
Lower class of divine being,described as an eagle-type bird with a gigantic wingspan. They were traditionally enemies of the nāgas. In the Vedas, they were thought to have brought nectar from the heavens to earth.
Invincible Lord
mi pham dbang phyug
མི་ཕམ་དབང་ཕྱུག
A bodhisattva in the assembly of the buddha Arisen from Flowers.
Jeta Grove
rgyal bu rgyal byed kyi tshal
རྒྱལ་བུ་རྒྱལ་བྱེད་ཀྱི་ཚལ།
Jetavana
The park donated to the Buddha by Anāthapiṇḍada.
Jinamitra
dzi na mi tra
ཛི་ན་མི་ཏྲ།
An Indian Kashmiri paṇḍita who was resident in Tibet during the late eighth and early ninth centuries. He worked with several Tibetan translators on the translation of a number of sūtras.
Kinnara
mi'am ci
མིའམ་ཅི།
A class of semidivine beings that resemble humans to the degree that their very name—which means "Is that a man?"—suggests some confusion as to their divine status.
Mahoraga
lto 'phye chen po
ལྟོ་འཕྱེ་ཆེན་པོ།
A class of serpentine nonhuman beings.
Nāga
klu
ཀླུ།
A semidivine class of beings who live in subterranean aquatic environments and who are known to hoard wealth and esoteric teachings. They are associated with snakes and serpents.
Painted with Many Jewels
kun nas rin po ches yang dag par bris pa
ཀུན་ནས་རིན་པོ་ཆེས་ཡང་དག་པར་བྲིས་པ།
The buddha realm in which Prince Ratnākara will attain awakening.
Parinirvāṇa
yongs su mya ngan las 'das pa
ཡོངས་སུ་མྱ་ངན་ལས་འདས་པ།
The final stage of passing into nirvāṇa, which occurs when a worthy one or a buddha passes away.
Ratnākara
rin chen 'byung gnas
རིན་ཆེན་འབྱུང་གནས།
The son of King Attainment of Victory, who will become the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara.
Ratnaśrī
rin chen dpal
རིན་ཆེན་དཔལ།
The queen of King Attainment of Victory.
shAkya thub pa
The buddha of this age; the historical buddha.
Splendorous King of Shining Light
'od zer kun nas mngon 'phags dpal brtsegs rgyal po
འོད་ཟེར་ཀུན་ནས་མངོན་འཕགས་དཔལ་བརྩེགས་རྒྱལ་པོ།
The name of Prince Ratnākara once he attains awakening.
Śrāvastī
The capital of the ancient Kosala kingdom in India during the sixth–fifth centuries ʙᴄᴇ.
Sukhāvatī
bde ba can
བདེ་བ་ཅན།
The buddha realm, located in the western direction, in which Buddha Amitābha resides.
Trichiliocosm
stong gsum
སྟོང་གསུམ།
trisāhasralokadhātu
A universe containing one billion worlds.
Yakṣa
gnod sbyin
གནོད་སྦྱིན།
A class of beings belonging to the realm of Kubera, the god of wealth.
Yeshé Dé
ye shes sde
ཡེ་ཤེས་སྡེ།
A prolific Tibetan translator active during the late eighth and early ninth centuries.
Dharmachakra Translation Committee (tr.). Distinguishing Phenomena and What Is Meaningful (Dharmārthavibhaṅga, Toh 247). 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2021:
https://read.84000.co/translation/toh247.html

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I have carpal tunnel. I had to wear braces all the time even at work. I saw improvement with Dr. Wayson in one week. You couldn't find a Better Chiropractor!
I have gone to Dr. Wayson for back problems, but mostly for carpal tunnel. My eyes have been acting fuzzy and not as clear. So I made an eye appointment. I went to Dr. Wayson for my carpal tunel and after my adjustment my eyes were not fuzzy and were clearer. My carpal tunnel is better too! I still went to my eye Dr. appointment. My eyes were improved and instead of going back to the eye Dr. every year, it is now two years. Im' glad I went to Dr. Wayson first. Dr. Wayson not only helped my carpal tunnel by my eyes too!


text:
Cardiac Mariners launches SBDX digital cardiac catheterization system
Unit produces improved images with less radiationDigital x-ray developer Cardiac Mariners made its market debut this month with a new digital cardiac catheterization lab that the company believes represents a major leap forward in x-ray
Unit produces improved images with less radiation
Digital x-ray developer Cardiac Mariners made its market debut this month with a new digital cardiac catheterization lab that the company believes represents a major leap forward in x-ray technology. The Los Gatos, CA, firm is launching its scanning beam digital x-ray (SBDX) device, which uses what the company calls computed fluoroscopy to obtain cardiac cath images with a small-area digital detector and a large-area x-ray source. SBDX was displayed at the Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics meeting in Washington, DC, last week.
Cardiac Mariners was established in 1992 and received Food and Drug Administration clearance for an earlier version of the SBDX device two years ago that covered basic fluoroscopic applications (SCAN 10/1/97). The company has waited to market the unit, however, until it gained FDA clearance for an incarnation of SBDX that has cine mode capability, according to Barclay Dorman, vice president of marketing and sales for the company. That clearance came this month.
"We felt we needed to have the better image quality (before going) to market," Dorman said.
Traditional fluoroscopy units emit a diverging x-ray beam from a single x-ray source to a large-area detector. The beam creates a 2-D image that is transformed into an electrical signal before being displayed on a monitor. But Cardiac Mariners' device owes its innovation to reverse geometry: The SBDX digital detector is roughly 2 inches square, while its x-ray tube source is about 10 inches in diameter.
The unit's x-ray source is a cathode-ray tube that functions much like a typical cathode or television tube, except that x-rays are emitted instead of visible light. The source projects a number of thin beams to the detector through a metal collimator riddled with roughly 10,000 transparent channels. The detector is made of cadmium zinc telluride (CZT), a compound that translates the x-rays directly into electrical signals. X-ray beams move left to right through the collimator and converge in the detector, sequentially imaging the entire field-of-view, rather than flooding the area with radiation. Data from the detector are reconstructed in dedicated computer processors at a rate of up to 30 frames per second.
The device's reversed configuration reduces x-ray scatter hitting the detector to insignificant levels, which Cardiac Mariners claims creates better images and decreases radiation levels by a factor of up to 10 times for patients and five times for physicians, as compared with conventional fluoroscopy systems. Therefore, SBDX can provide cine mode image quality at fluoro-radiation dosage levels.
How does the technology compare with other new developments in digital x-ray, such as flat-panel detectors that use either amorphous silicon or amorphous selenium rather than CZT? It doesn't, according to Dorman.
"All of us in the industry have been so used to a certain technology platform that it's hard to make a leap to something different," he said. "This is fundamentally different, from the components we use to the concept of how we acquire the data. Flat panels are component changes on existing technology-swapping the image intensifier for a flat panel. (They don't) change the efficiency of photons, the radiation, or the image quality."
As it begins its marketing effort, Cardiac Mariners plans to emphasize the improved image quality the SBDX units can produce, their reduced radiation scatter, and the lower operating cost that is a result of the x-ray source's lack of moving parts. The firm has no immediate plans to establish marketing or licensing partnerships with OEMs, choosing instead to market the unit itself in the U.S. The company will seek partners in Europe and Asia Pacific, however. SBDX should list for approximately $1 million, roughly the same price as traditional cath labs.
Despite the promise of its technology, Cardiac Mariners is a relatively unknown company and may face challenges trying to sell a new, expensive system in a pinched medical imaging market. With the booming replacement and interventional cardiology markets as its primary targets, however, the firm remains confident of its product's potential.
"Interventional procedures are unique in that they combine technologies: imaging, stent and catheter, and (contrast) agent. There's been a lot of innovation in devices and agents, and we're hearing that people have been waiting for a change in the imaging part," Dorman said.
The company holds 10 U.S. patents, which protect its proprietary x-ray source, the detector, and image reconstruction technologies. The firm hopes its SBDX technology could be used for other fluoroscopic uses such as angiography. Cardiac Mariners plans to begin shipping units next year.


My wife received an email about Math U See yesterday that announced that they are aligned with the Common Core. Math U See is another popular math curriculum for homeschooling families (one my family has used for years).
Math isn't just a matter of rote learning, but you need rote learning to complement conceptual understanding. Otherwise there is a focus on trying to develop algebraic thinking with kindergarteners without them having any base knowledge.
Our 2013 editions of Primer-Zeta ensure that all of the concepts and procedures outlined in the Common Core Standards for Mathematical Content for grades K-6 is fully articulated. Although our materials are structured for skill mastery and are not divided by grade level, we have also followed, where possible, the grade level sequence within the Content Standards. As additional materials from the CCSS Initiative are released, such as the publisher's criteria, we are also endeavoring to pass on the intent of the standards by focusing on those concepts and procedures that the Initiative describes as essential and by placing less emphasis on those that the Initiative considers to be of lesser importance.
First Saxon and now Math U See… homeschoolers do you understand now how the Common Core impacts you and not just public schools?
Update: If you'd like to express your disappointment you can do so by emailing them at sales@MathUSee.com.
2nd Update: You can also send them a tweet at @mathusee or leave a comment on their Facebook page.
Let's see how the Free Market corrects this problem. Home schoolers should be linked into the Truth better than government-schooled children. Enterprising individuals should see the need to create home school materials that avoid the common core, and home schoolers should flock to the new companies.
If I had the resources this would be a GOLDEN opportunity to create materials that fill the void left by the defecting Saxon and MathUSee companies.
We use Saxon to teach our kids, who we homeschool. We won't buy the new editions though, and buy the older editions before they were bought out. We were really disappointed when Saxon began their change.
We use MUS…I'm not exactly sure what your email is saying exactly. We tried Saxon years ago and didn't like them. Can you explain more the impact you are saying will happen? Thank you.
– Delay development of some key concepts and skills.
– Include significant mathematical sophistication written at a level beyond understanding of most parents, students, administrators, decision makers and many teachers.
– Lack coherence and clarity to be consistently interpreted by students, parents, teachers, administrators, curriculum developers, textbook developers/publishers, and assessment developers. Will this lead to consistent expectations and equity?
– Have standards inappropriately placed, including delayed requirement for standard algorithms, which will hinder student success and waste valuable instructional time.
– Treat important topics unevenly. This will result in inefficient use of instructional and practice time.
– Are not well organized at the high school level. Some important topics are insufficiently covered. The standards are not divided into defined courses.
– Place emphasis on Standards for Mathematical Practice which supports a constructivist approach. This approach is typical of "reform" math programs to which many parents across the country object.
– Publishers of reform programs are aligning them with the CCSS Standards for Mathematical Practice. The CCSS will not necessarily improve the math programs being used in many schools.
– Unusual and unproven approach to geometry.
I just called them. Did you talk to them at all? It does NOT sound like a big deal. She basically stated that they have always met Common Core Standards. They are stating it on their site now. THey added a few things. But the curriculum hasn't really changed.
I received an email back saying much the same. I question their interpretation of the Common Core then, and if they added ANYTHING from those standards they are mistaken. So either their curriculum has always been substandard (which I don't believe) or they just weakened it by the recent additions, they misunderstand the Common Core, or this is a marketing ploy. Also their statement begs the question if it has always met the Common Core then why would they have to add anything? Regardless my family will likely not be purchasing any new books.
I understand the concerns, so please share an alternative with us. What is a better curriculum for those of us parents that struggled through public school math ourselves? Have you found a good, solid, meaty math curriculum that also has good teachers manual? Thank you!
After using Math U See and Singapore Math, we have settled on the math from Christian Light Publications, and we love it! It is simple to follow and simply laid out with a variety of examples in the teacher's manual. It is also inexpensive, which is a bonus. It is located at http://www.clp.org.
Oh, that makes me really disappointed! I have been searching for a math curriculum for my going to be 5th grade daughter that I just pulled from PS she is in 4th grade now. I was so set to us the Math u See for 5th grade. Because I hated the math she was doing in PS. To me it was so confussing and the math teachers/helpers have been looking very stressed when coming out of math class which is a change from previous yrs these people are normally very happy and cheerful looking. I attend church with one of the helper that have been at my daughters school for yrs. I was telling her that since I pulled my daughter out of school and trying to help her with the math is very stressful to many steps and words. And she said yes it is it's because of the Common Core standards and she said she does not like it and we will just have to wait and see if it will be a benift for the kids or not. I'm not an math expert but I feel like Math U See would be better for the kids to stay the way it was and not to make these changes.
First I'd like to thank you for the unbelievable product that you've put together. My family has used Alpha – Delta with our oldest son and Primer with our middle son. As a mathematician, I can say that you have put together resources that explain concepts in a way that matches how I understand it after years of study.
years. As a fellow homeschooling family I am sure that you understand the fine line that we all walk with ensuring that our children are receiving the best education we can provide and keeping the government from intruding too deeply into those decisions.
"Please let your children move at their own pace and not some man made standard from one of the worst math nations on the planet, the good old USA.
impact of losing all of your homeschool business? Your website explains that homeschoolers will be "indirectly" affected by the changes that you've made. In fact we will be directly affected since we would be using the same curriculum.
inferior, but out of principle. We ask that you also consider praying about this decision and its impact on the homeschooling community.
I saw this on their FB page, and I couldn't have said this any better!! Have you spoken to them anymore about their alignment?


Do you engage in verification of product supply chains to evaluate and address risks of human trafficking and slavery?
Vera Bradley's Supplier Code of Conduct prohibits the use of forced, involuntary, or child labor of any kind in our supply chain. Suppliers may not participate in, or benefit from, any form of forced labor (including prison labor, indentured labor, bonded/debt labor, sale labor, etc.). Before we engage with a potential supplier, a Vera Bradley Auditor or third-party audit provider conducts an on-site audit to evaluate each potential supplier's ability to comply with our Supplier Code of Conduct.
Do you conduct audits of suppliers to evaluate supplier compliance with company standards for trafficking and slavery in supply chains?
Each facility of any supplier conducting business with Vera Bradley is subject to an audit to ensure that they are in compliance with our Supplier Code of Conduct. The audits are performed by either a trained Vera Bradley Auditor or a third-party audit provider who employs experts in local laws and who speak the local languages. The frequency of audits for each facility is based on factors such as prior risk assessment and previous audit results. Our goal is to audit each facility once per year. Currently our audits are scheduled with the suppliers due to the amount of time and resources required on-site to complete all audit requirements.
Do you require direct suppliers to certify that materials incorporated into the product comply with the laws regarding slavery and human trafficking of the country or countries in which they are doing business?
Vera Bradley requires all finished goods suppliers, as well as any direct-sourced component suppliers, to be in compliance with our Supplier Code of Conduct in addition to any applicable laws within the country of origin regarding slavery and human trafficking. We ask all suppliers to certify that the production of any additional materials incorporated into the product comply with the applicable laws regarding slavery and human trafficking of the countries with whom they are doing business.
Do you maintain internal accountability standards and procedures for employees or contractors failing to meet company standards regarding slavery and trafficking?
Our Supplier Code of Conduct states that any discovery of forced labor or human trafficking shall be treated as a zero-tolerance violation, which requires immediate corrective action by the supplier. In the event of a zero tolerance violation, Vera Bradley reserves the right to refuse to begin, or to terminate, a business relationship, regardless of any corrective action taken.
Do you provide company employees and management, who have direct responsibility for supply chain management, training on human trafficking and slavery, particularly with respect to mitigating risks within the supply chain of products?
Vera Bradley is currently working towards training all employees, management, and third-party audit providers who work with our supply chain with regards to the risks of human trafficking and slavery as well as what actions can be taken to mitigate these risks.
Vera Bradley, Inc. believes that its commitment to integrity, human rights, and social responsibility extends to its global supply base. We support ending the violence and human rights violations in the mining of certain minerals from a location described as the "Conflict Region", which is situated in the eastern portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and surrounding countries. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission adopted final rules to implement,as directed by Section 1502 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010. The rules require public companies to disclose basis whether the products they manufacture or contract to manufacture contain "conflict minerals" that are "necessary to the functionality or production" of those products and report to the SEC on an annual basis.
The definition of "conflict minerals" refers to gold, as well as tin, tantalum, and tungsten, which are the derivatives of cassiterite, columbite-tantalite, and wolframite, regardless of where they are sourced, processed or sold. The U.S. Secretary of State may designate other materials to this list in the future. We support these requirements to further the humanitarian goal of ending violent conflict in the DRC and surrounding countries, which has been partially financed by the exploitation and trade of "conflict minerals".
Support the aims and objectives of the U.S. legislation on the supply of "conflict minerals".
Do not knowingly procure specified metals that originate from facilities in the "Conflict Region" that are not certified as "conflict free".
Mines and smelters that have been certified by an independent third party as "conflict free" if located within the "Conflict Region".
This due diligence includes having our suppliers provide written evidence documenting that raw materials used to produce gold, tin, tantalum and tungsten, used in the materials to manufacture components and products supplied to Vera Bradley, Inc., originate from outside the "Conflict Region" or if they originate from within the "Conflict Region", that the mines or smelters be certified as "conflict free" by an independent third party. The aim is to ensure that only "conflict free" materials and components are used in products that we manufacture or procure.
If we discover the use of these minerals produced in facilities that are considered to be "non-conflict free", in any material, finished good, or component we procure, we will take appropriate actions to transition that product to become "conflict free".


Form 1-Purchase Indent Form above Rs. 25,000 and upto Rs. 2.5 Lakh other than GeM.
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Annexure A-Description of item with detailed specification & quantity.
Last modified: February 14 2019 07:30:09.


With great "Spiritual" knowledge comes great responsibility There are many people, especially in America, who possess knowledge about God, but have never applied that knowledge to their lives. Having grown up in a "Christian" nation, possibly in a "Christian" household, they think that simply knowing about God is the same as knowing God.
However, this is not the case. An intellectual assent to a truth is not the same as allowing that truth to change the way you live. I can believe that a certain medicine will make me well, but if I do not take that medicine, I will remain sick. The same thing applies to a person's spiritual life. If one knows about God, but refuses to make the truths of the Bible part of his or her life, that person will remain condemned for their sins. In fact, the Bible indicates that one who knows the truth about God, but does not act on that truth, is worse off than someone who has never understood his or her responsibility to Him.
For the most part, knowledge is a good thing. Knowing that a fire is hot keeps us from being burned. However, knowledge also carries responsibility. Knowing one's responsibility, obligations, or restrictions, but choosing to ignore them, can reap negative, even tragic, consequences. This is true of spiritual matters also.
Many times, people hear the Gospel, understand it clearly, but reject God's offer of forgiveness and salvation. The apostle Peter writes, "For if, after they have escaped the defilements of the world through the knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, they are again entangled in them and overcome, the last state has become worse for them than the first. For it would have been better for them never to have known the way of righteousness than after knowing it to turn back from the holy commandment delivered to them" (2 Peter 2:20-21 ESV). Clearly, and obviously, one who has been shown the way to forgiveness is more accountable for his or her response than a person who does not know the truth of the Gospel.
We instinctively know that this principle is correct: one who knows the standard is more responsible for that knowledge than one who does not know the standard. For example, when one is learning a game, he is allowed some leniency as he learns the rules of the game. However, after he has learned the rules and has gotten some experience under his belt, he is held to higher expectations to play the game according to the rules. Following this metaphor, if an experienced player continues to ignore the rules of the game, they have the choice of playing right or being ejected from the game.
Knowing one's responsibility, obligations, or restrictions, but choosing to ignore them, can reap negative, even tragic, consequences.
In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus told a parable that illustrated this same principle, "And the Lord said, "Who then is the faithful and wise manager, whom his master will set over his household, to give them their portion of food at the proper time? Blessed is that servant whom his master will find so doing when he comes. Truly, I say to you, he will set him over all his possessions. But if that servant says to himself, 'My master is delayed in coming,' and begins to beat the male and female servants, and to eat and drink and get drunk, the master of that servant will come on a day when he does not expect him and at an hour he does not know, and will cut him in pieces and put him with the unfaithful" (Luke 12:42-46 ESV).
This passage shows the actions of a servant who, although knowing full well what his master expects of him, chooses to disobey his master's orders while the master is away. This is a picture of willful disobedience. When the master returns, however, the disobedient servant's actions will be swiftly and powerfully dealt with. This passage clearly tells us that willful rejection of God's will is worse than not obeying Him because we are ignorant of His will.
Both the passage in Second Peter and the passage in Luke declare that this person's fate will be worse than that of a person who never heard the Gospel in the first place. In the Luke passage, when the master returned, he dealt more harshly with the servant who was aware of his master's expectations than he did with the servant who did not know what was required of him, "And that servant who knew his master's will but did not get ready or act according to his will, will receive a severe beating" (Luke 12:47 ESV).
Anyone who has sat under the preaching of the Gospel or had someone witness to them concerning the truth of the Bible, the sinfulness of man, and the love of Jesus, has knowledge that carries responsibility. That person is now responsible for his decision to accept or reject the truth of Jesus Christ. They will receive more condemnation than the person who has never heard. Likewise, Christians who know what God wants them to do, but do not do it, will be find themselves out of the will of God and could feel His loving, but firm, hand of discipline.
God has given us the ability to reason, but He expects our reasoning to lead us to believe in Him and follow Him. When we use our God-given abilities to reject Him, we incur a higher level of judgment because we had all the opportunities to receive His grace, but chose to reject the Truth of the Creator's plan.
However, some would say it is better to not know God's will; then they would not be held accountable for obeying it. However, that kind of thinking is simply futile. The Bible tells us that no one can claim ignorance when it comes to the knowledge of God, "For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse" (Romans 1:19-20 ESV). No one can honestly claim they do not know there is a God. Now, the fool can, and does, say there is no God (Psalm 14:1, 53:1), but that is exactly why the Bible labels that person a fool.
As far as the professing believer remaining willfully ignorant of God's will, just to keep from having to obey it, this reveals a heart that does not love God as it should. This is not an attitude that says "I love Jesus and want to please Him". A professing Christian exhibiting this attitude should question whether he or she is truly saved or not. The Bible contains God's general will for humanity, and His more personal will for those who claim to follow Him. James makes it crystal clear when he writes, "So whoever knows the right thing to do and fails to do it, for him it is sin" (James 4:17 ESV).
God does not want people to remain ignorant of His plan of salvation, nor does He want believers to remain ignorant of His will for their lives. He has given us His Word to teach us these things. He expects us to study the Bible in order to learn His will, obey His will, and then share His will with others so that they might be forgiven of their sins and enter into an eternal existence with the Creator of the universe. It is foolish to ignore God and His Word.
Robert, this is spot on…as usual my friend. There is more responsibility and it is a little scary because we have so much more biblical knowledge in this day and age available to us thru so many different study aids. I thank you for this enlightening work my friend.
For Scott Wadecamper…. what do you mean you are looking for mission need?


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text:
Q: Menu and composite pattern I am trying to experiment the composite pattern in order to create a menu bar.
Here is the code:
    public class TestMenu {

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MenuComponent openMenu = new MyMenu("Open Menu");
        MenuComponent openMenuItem1 = new MyMenuItem("Open Menu Item 1");
        MenuComponent openMenuItem2 = new MyMenuItem("Open Menu Item 2");
        openMenu.addMenu(openMenuItem1);
        openMenu.addMenu(openMenuItem2);
        MenuComponent exitMenuItem = new MyMenuItem("Exit Menu");

        MenuComponent mainMenu = new MyMenu("Main");
        mainMenu.addMenu(openMenu);
        mainMenu.addMenu(exitMenuItem);

        TestMenuFrame frame = new TestMenuFrame();
        frame.getMyMenuBar().addMainMenu(mainMenu);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

   public class MenuBar extends JComponent {

    public MenuBar() {
        setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 2, 2));

    }

    void addMainMenu(MenuComponent mainMenu) {
        JButton btn = new JButton(mainMenu.getName());
        final JPopupMenu popupMenu = new JPopupMenu();
        Iterator<MenuComponent> iterator = mainMenu.iterator();
        if (iterator != null) {
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                MenuComponent menuComponent = iterator.next();
                JMenuItem item = new JMenuItem(menuComponent.getName());
                popupMenu.add(item);
            }
        }
        btn.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                JButton btn = (JButton) e.getSource();
                popupMenu.show(e.getComponent(), e.getX(), e.getY());
            }
        });
        add(btn);
    }
}

    public abstract class MenuComponent {

    protected String name;

    public MenuComponent(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public abstract void addMenu(MenuComponent menu);

    public abstract Iterator<MenuComponent> iterator();

}

   public class MyMenu extends MenuComponent {

    private List<MenuComponent> listMenu = new ArrayList<>();

    public MyMenu(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void addMenu(MenuComponent menu) {
        listMenu.add(menu);
    }

    @Override
    public Iterator<MenuComponent> iterator() {
        return listMenu.iterator();
    }
}

    public class MyMenuItem extends MenuComponent {

    public MyMenuItem(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void addMenu(MenuComponent menu) {
//        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
    }

    @Override
    public Iterator<MenuComponent> iterator() {
//        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
        return null;
    }
}

The problem is that sub menus are not showing when I launch the application, in this test example I can only see the Open Menu and the Exit Menu.  Is there a variation of the composite pattern that I could use ?

A: Of course your submenus are not showing. The following loop
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
  MenuComponent menuComponent = iterator.next();
  JMenuItem item = new JMenuItem(menuComponent.getName());
  popupMenu.add(item);
}

only goes one level deep. You do not consider the scenario where the variable menuComponent has a non-empty Iterator as well.

A: I got it to work using 2 separate method, but if someone has better I always take it.For exemple just use one method as both methods do almost the same thing.
          public class MenuBar extends JComponent {

            public MenuBar() {
                setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 2, 2));

            }

            void addMainMenu(MenuComponent mainMenu) {
                JButton btn = new JButton(mainMenu.getName());
                final JPopupMenu popupMenu = new JPopupMenu();
                addPopupMenus(mainMenu);
                btn.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
                    @Override
                    public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                        JButton btn = (JButton) e.getSource();
                        popupMenu.show(e.getComponent(), e.getX(), e.getY());
                    }
                });
                add(btn);
            }

    private void addPopupMenus(final MenuComponent menu) {
                final Iterator<MenuComponent> iterator = menu.iterator();
                JMenuItem main;
                while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                    final MenuComponent abstractMenu = iterator.next();
                    if (abstractMenu.iterator().hasNext()) {
                        main = new JMenu(abstractMenu.getMenuName());
                    } else {
                        main = new JMenuItem(abstractMenu.getMenuName());
                    }
                    addPopupMenus(abstractMenu, main);
                    popupMenu.add(main);
                }
            }

            private void addPopupMenus(MenuComponent menu, JMenuItem jMenuItem) {
                final Iterator<MenuComponent> iterator = menu.iterator();
                JMenuItem main;
                while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                    final MenuComponent abstractMenu = iterator.next();
                    if (abstractMenu.iterator().hasNext()) {
                        main = new JMenu(abstractMenu.getMenuName());
                        addPopupMenus(abstractMenu, main);
                    } else {
                        main = new JMenuItem(abstractMenu.getMenuName());
                    }
                    jMenuItem.add(main);
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


CERACQ is a non-profit-making organization which was founded in 1988. The creation of this center dedicated to the innovation in the construction industry is the initiative of a small group of contractors. Back in 1988, the founders realized an important fundraising campaign. Donations adding up nearly a million dollars were collected and made it possible to set up funds dedicated to the advance of the construction industry.
Since then, the CERACQ Board of directors, regrouping representatives of various spheres of the industry, oversees the administration of this fund and the financing of major projects.


text:
Williamson's approach is visionary and romantic. But in this he is never crude, mannered or artificial. Rather one senses he has looked deep inside these works and explored their complex interior with thoughtful contemplation as well as love and empathy. Donald Sturrock
Williamson understands the mould-breaking environment of this repertory, and offers committed insight. Ateş Orga, Classical Source
Nathan Williamson (b.1978) leads a highly individual career as pianist, composer and artistic director. Alongside regular solo, chamber and concerto performances, Nathan is in demand for new work from a wide variety of artists both at home and abroad. He also stages and facilitates projects at local and national level, ranging from collaborations on new repertoire, performances for the concert hall and theatre, and music-making activities for musicians of all ages and abilities.
Nathan's career has led to performances at Wigmore Hall, Carnegie Hall, Amsterdam Concertgebouw, De Doelen, Barbican Centre, Purcell Room, LSO St Luke's, and the Aldeburgh, Lucerne, Bolzano and Spoleto festivals, and collaborations with artists including Claire Bloom, James Gilchrist, Guy Johnston, Arisa Fujita, Linda Merrick, The Gryphon Trio, Njabulo Madlala, Boris Kucharsky, Alexander Baillie, Ensemble Endymion, the Allegri and Sacconi Quartets, as well as working alongside numerous living composers in performances of their work. Since 2016 Nathan has been a member of the renowned new music ensemble Piano Circus who, alongside their position as artists-in-residence at Brunel University London, have commissioned over 100 new works from leading composers and undertake regular international tours.
Nathan's debut recording, Brahms and Schubert: Late Piano Works, was reviewed by Donald Sturrock as 'a truly electrifying debut from a musician with a rare marriage of thoughtfulness and passion… I doubt this Sonata [Schubert D.959] has ever had a more powerful advocate.' His first CD for SOMM, Great American Sonatas (2017), was hailed by Musical Opinion as 'a landmark in recordings of American Piano Music' and his second disc, Colour and Light, of British 20th century piano works, was chosen as Album of the Month in International Piano Quarterly: 'No praise could be high enough of Williamson's performances… Whether in the dream-world of the Delius Nocturne or in the fire and ice of the Herschel Hill Toccata, Williamson unearths musical treasure beyond price' (Bryce Morrison). Both solo recordings, along with a disc of British 20thcentury works with violinist Fenella Humphreys for Lyrita (2017), also received 5 star reviews in Classical Music, BBC Music Magazine and Musical Opinion.
Nathan's own work Trans-Atlantic Flight of Fancyis featured on NOW Ensemble's album Dreamfall (New Amsterdam Records) and Homecoming, a commission for violinist Piotr Szewczyk as part of his Violin Futura project, was recorded on Navona Records following dozens of performances by Szewczyk and other violinists worldwide.
Other recent compositions include The little that was once a man, a song cycle to texts by Bryan Heiser, premiered by James Gilchrist and the composer, and a major new Sonata for cello and piano was commissioned and premiered by Charles Watt and the composer at the 2018 William Alwyn Festival. A short children's opera, Machine Dream, commissioned by Mahogany Opera, has been performed in numerous primary schools across the UK in the last 12 months as part of the ground-breaking 'Snappy Operas' project. Other recent commissions include works for the Daejeon Philharmonic Orchestra, Tuscaloosa Symphony Orchestra, Bury St Edmund's Cathedral, piano-duo Mariko Brown and Julian Jacobson, and Ensemble Endymion. A cycle of String Quartets has led to premieres in the UK and US by the Tin Alley and Barbirolli Quartets. Nathan has also been commissioned several works for younger and amateur performers by Pro Corda and Music Works chamber music courses, Rugby School, Waveney and Blyth Arts, and the Chamber Music 2000 project.
In 2020 Nathan will perform a cycle of the five Beethoven Piano Concertos with the Prometheus Orchestra under Edmond Fivet in Aldeburgh and Snape Maltings. 2021-22 will see the release of three discs on SOMM of British song from 1914 to the present day with tenor James Gilchrist, including premiere recordings of his own music and that of John Woolrich, Geoffrey Poole, Doreen Carwithen and Gustav Holst.
Nathan studied with Malcolm Singer and Joan Havill at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, one of only a handful of students to ever graduate with a first in two disciplines. He won a scholarship to Yale University, where his principal teachers were Ezra Laderman, Martin Bresnick, Michael Friedmann and Joan Panetti, to whom he was appointed deputy on her revolutionary 'Hearing' programme of ear-training and aural analysis. Further postgraduate studies followed with Robert Saxton at Oxford University, before a period of teaching at the Yehudi Menuhin School.
Nathan lives in the town of Southwold, on the Suffolk coast, where he founded and directs the Southwold Concert Series and the Southwold Music Trust, seeking to make music a central part of the local community. He was also director of the Alwyn Music Festival for 2018 and 2019, an annual week-long festival of events all along the Suffolk coast in October. He is married to Daisy, a music therapist, and together with their two young children they love nothing more than heading straight out onto the beaches and beautiful countryside which surround their home.
Tweets by @N_W_Music
© Nathan Williamson 2020 | Site photography by Nick Guttridge


text:
Gerald Eskelin
Living in: Los Angeles, United States.
The musical career of Gerald Eskelin is multi-faceted, spanning five decades of conducting, singing, composing, writing, and teaching. He has received two Grammy nominations for recordings by the L.A. Jazz Choir, which he founded in 1980. The group has performed and/or recorded with such notables as Rosemary Clooney, Steve Allen, and Al Jarreau.
The Gerald Eskelin Singers have been featured in a number of German television programs, performing there with many well-known artists such as Glen Campbell, Frank Sinatra Jr., Herb Jefferies, and Tex Beneke. They have performed on various recording projects, most recently Amazonia, a work by Bebu Silvetti, dedicated to the preservation of the Rainforest. Additionally, the singers have recorded choral demos for a number of music publishers.
Arrangements | Recordings
Songbooks, Arrangements and/or Media
Displaying 1-2 of 2 items.
Gerald Eskelin : Components of Vocal Blend
Can vocal groups having a mixture of talent levels achieve a stunning blend? In Geral Eskelin's opinion, it is not so much a difference in vocal training that prevents vocal blend but rather the mutual disregard for blend and/or the lack of techniques necessary to achieve it. The primary purpose of this book, then, is to identity the elements that contribute to a beautiful choral sound and to provide methods and exercises by which to explore them. The suggestion and ideas ate based on Dr. Eskelin's five decade of experience working with singing groups - both amateur and profession. The exercises are applicable to a wide variety of musical styles - from barbershop quartet to opera chorus - from the theater to the cathedral. Solo singers, as well, will find techniques to enhance the artistry and professionalism of their performances.
Songlist: Blend and Blendability, Approach and Method, Vocal Concepts and Vocabulary, Vowel, Brightness, Resonance, Nasality, Pitch, Density, Loudness, Phrasing, Consensus, "Expressive Tuning"
5229b | Book | $9.98
Gerald Eskelin : Lies My Music Teacher Told Me
A number of musical misconceptions are explored and exploded in this humorous and lucid disussion of the relation between the human perception of music and traditional systems of music education. Drawing on his extensive background in the music world, the author marshals an informal yet rigorous logic to guide the reader through the practical experiences and careful thinking that led him to his conclusions. Updated and refined in the light of reader feedback and more recent thinking, nagging questions such as "why does formal musical training often seem irrrelevant to musical success?" are readdressed. Seekers of musical truth stand to profit from this light-hearted assault on some of the more nebulous assumptions of the musical community.
Songlist: Overture, Scales, chords and other things having to do with pitch, Rhythmn, meter and other ideas you can count on, Coda
6397b | Book | $16.95
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The point 'JM_point' plots fine, but I can't get 'JM_poly' to show up. Note that I'm able to plot polygons from a spatial dataframe, but not from a geometry object. My reason for doing this is that I'm cropping population and elevation rasters for a series of countries using bounding boxes. But I want to do visual inspection of the boxes first.
I'm using the API version 1.5 and Python 3.7 in JupyterLab. Can't find guidance or sample notebooks about how to accomplish this simple task. Your advice would really help me out! Thank you.


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Where is Butterfly Park in Malaysia?
The region Kuala Lumpur has 15 cities.
Butterfly Park is situated in the region Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia!
Here you will find the location of Butterfly Park on a map.
All places in the world called Butterfly Park.
Where is Butterfly Park on the map?
Irkutsk: ????????? ????? �??????�, ??? ?? ????????????.
Where is Butterfly Park relative to other places?
Top 10 cities in Kuala Lumpur and distance from Butterfly Park.
Top 10 cities in Malaysia and distance from Butterfly Park.


text:
Q: Python w/QT Creator form - Possible to grab multiple values? I'm surprised to not find a previous question about this, but I did give an honest try before posting.
I've created a ui with Qt Creator which contains quite a few QtWidgets of type QLineEdit, QTextEdit, and QCheckbox.  I've used pyuic5 to convert to a .py file for use in a small python app.  I've successfully got the form connected and working, but this is my first time using python with forms.
I'm searching to see if there is a built-in function or object that would allow me to pull the ObjectNames and Values of all widgets contained within the GUI form and store them in a dictionary with associated keys:values, because I need to send off the information for post-processing.
I guess something like this would work manually:
...
dict = []
dict['checkboxName1'] = self.checkboxName1.isChecked()
dict['checkboxName2'] = self.checkboxName2.isChecked()
dict['checkboxName3'] = self.checkboxName3.isChecked()
dict['checkboxName4'] = self.checkboxName4.isChecked()
dict['lineEditName1'] = self.lineEditName1.text()
... and on and on

But is there a way to grab all the objects and loop through them, even if each different type (i.e. checkboxes, lineedits, etc) needs to be done separately?
I hope I've explained that clearly.
Thank you.

A: Finally got it working.  Couldn't find a python specific example anywhere, so through trial and error this worked perfectly.  I'm including the entire working code of a .py file that can generate a list of all QCheckBox objectNames on a properly referenced form.
I named my form main_form.ui from within Qt Creator.  I then converted it into a .py file with pyuic5
pyuic5 main_form.ui -o main_form.py

This is the contents of a sandbox.py file:
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
import sys
import main_form
# the name of my Qt Creator .ui form converted to main_form.py with pyuic5
# pyuic5 original_form_name_in_creator.ui -o main_form.py

class MainApp(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, main_form.Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(self.__class__, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        # Push button object on main_form named btn_test
        self.btn_test.clicked.connect(self.runTest)

    def runTest(self):
        # I believe this creates a List of all QCheckBox objects on entire UI page
        c = self.findChildren(QtWidgets.QCheckBox)
        # This is just to show how to access objectName property as an example
        for box in c:
            print(box.objectName())

def main():
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)  # A new instance of QApplication
    form = MainApp()  # We set the form to be our ExampleApp (design)
    form.show()  # Show the form
    app.exec_()  # and execute the app

if __name__ == '__main__':  # if we're running file directly and not importing it
    main()  # run the main function

A: See QObject::findChildren()
In C++ the template argument would allow one to specify which type of widget to retrieve, e.g. to just retrieve the QLineEdit objects, but I don't know if or how that is mapped into Python.
Might need to retrieve all types and then switch handling while iterating over the resulting list.


text:
Q: Android: Set EditText to Dark in Light My app is set to Light theme and I've had a header which is set to Dark. Is it possible to make EditText inside the header to have a Dark style too in KitKat and before? It is working in Lollipop btw
Note: I don't have reputation to post image so here is the link to the image

A: In your .xml file, add these lines to the EditText element
android:background="#000000"
android:textColor="#ffffff"

A: If you are using EditText (Require API >= 21)
android:backgroundTint="#FFF"

Or you can use android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatEditText
 app:backgroundTint="#FFF"

Remember to add
 xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

to your root view


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