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Adventurer's Journal
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STEVE HEANEY MC
Steve Heaney MC has an elite military background and specialises in leadership and management, strategising, crisis management and decision-making and peak performance team building and cohesion, within the military both at home and abroad. His unique experience of success and struggle is both enthralling and inspiring.
Steve's exemplary military career began in 1986, and much of his prowess as a speaker comes from his extensive expertise gained whilst in the armed forces. Steve was regarded as one of the most senior and experienced parachutists within the military and was instrumental in pioneering high altitude jumping techniques, including the space age High Altitude Parachutist Life Support System (HAPLSS) an insertion method designed to allow Special Forces operators to jump from altitudes well above 30000 feet.
Steve's work internationally, concerning the tactics, techniques and procedures of both British and foreign military campaigns, embodies many of the values companies and educators seek out in instigating change and encouraging endurance in the wider world.
As an established motivational and after dinner speaker Steve delivers key note speeches applying his military values to the business environment, his speeches are full of inspirational tales of leadership, dedication, hardship, motivation, overcoming adversity, decision making under extreme pressure, risk and high adventure as well as invaluable business lessons.
Steve's talks cover the full range of events from small intimate venues to large scale corporate functions. So whatever your occasion, group size, team ethos, organisation or company theme, Steve will deliver an engaging, inspirational and thought provoking speech that will leave the audience with clear messages that they can take away and reflect upon.
The Association of Sporting Directors provides support to leaders in elite professional football and during the pandemic sought to continue our service through high quality conversations with leaders in sport, business and the industry. We were delighted to welcome Steve to our group of leaders to discuss crisis management. Steve provided a highly fascinating insight into this experience, making clear threads from his deeply rich, personal, stories which captivated members, through to tangible strategic and operational considerations, which captured our members imagination.
The conversation prompted deep reflection amongst members, and we would highly recommend Steve as someone who can work with, engage, inform and inspire individuals and teams.
Dr Dan Parnell
Association of Sporting Directors and Senior Lecturer in Sport Business at the University of Liverpool
I first heard Steve speak at a wealth for life event. I can't remember the last time I heard such an engaging speaker. His content was relevant for my business. We then asked Steve to host a conference call for our clients in the lockdown period. We had not seen such positive feedback from our clients. The subject matter was Steve's story. As you can imagine lockdown seemed like a walk in the park compared to Steve's experiences.
If you are looking to make a serious impact and have an on message talk, I would without doubt recommend Steve.
Gary Hans
AMG Wealth Management
Over the years, I have had the privilege of listening to many great speakers and Steve Heaney MC is one of the very best. His attention to detail, coupled with his excellent preparation, lead to an articulate presentation and I have no hesitation whatsoever, in recommending him as a speaker.
Andrew Dobson
CEO-Founder
Wealth for Life Partnership
I asked Steve to deliver a keynote speech and leadership/team management presentation to 60 Health Club managers and the 3d Leisure operational team. He managed to combine his sensational account of his experience in Sierra Leone with a key focus on leadership that left the room spellbound.
Steve had clearly researched our company diligently as his masterful delivery managed to combine a detailed insight into managing individuals and teams from a very different background and linking brilliantly to his audience. The positive feedback we received was exceptional.
I am delighted to endorse Steve and would highly recommend him.
Mark Castle
3d Leisure
Fantastic speech – clear, concise, plenty of humility. A lifetime of lessons and principles, all delivered in an easily understood way. The speech was thought-provoking with powerful examples of leadership. The authenticity and storytelling was excellent and the practical information/insight so valuable around the importance of decision making and planning, whether you are an experienced business person/team or just looking to boost your teams leadership skills I would highly recommend attending Steve's talks.
All of the delegates have asked when Steve will be back!!
Sean Evers
Vice President Accountants Channel
SAGE UK
The Operation Mayhem event was a truly humbling insight into the limits to which the Armed Forces will push themselves to ensure the protection of others.
To have such an experienced, respected and informative soldier as speaker was fantastic.
Steve Heaney MC spoke with great passion and pride for his soldiers, the British Armed Forces and the people of Lungi Lol village in Sierra Leone whose lives were owed to the courageous actions of the Pathfinders. If you are looking to motivate employees, encourage people to think beyond their perceived limits or gain an insight into the minds of individuals under extreme pressure and facing overwhelming odds, I suggest you look no further.
James Geldart
Head of Tier 1, Private, Select and Personal Banking
Steve Heaney MC spoke with exemplary clarity of his experiences on Operation Palliser in 2000, during which he led the Parachute Regiment's elite Pathfinders in an operation that effectively stopped the advance of the rebels force on Freetown, Sierra Leone and materially helped the stabilization of that country. It is an amazing story beautifully set out in his book 'Operation Mayhem', which should be mandatory reading for all who aspire to lead in the British Army. What he does not mention is that it is extremely rare for an NCO to plan and lead an operation. That he did so and was subsequently awarded the Military Cross is testimony to both his intellect and his leadership.
Steve speaks incredibly well, with great humour and his answering of questions is equally clear and diplomatic. If you want, or need an example of a born leader who can inspire people from all backgrounds and ages,
Steve Heaney MC is that man.
Brigadier Bruce Willing CBE
ABF The Soldiers Charity
Steve worked with us as part of our 'Leadership Seminar', our annual conference involving the board of directors and senior management team. His insight to leadership and motivation was a real eye opener. Some of his real-life experiences around team management during his time in the military were captivating and I would recommend Steve as a speaker for any event involving high performance management teams.
Stuart Whalley
Fresh Insurance Group
Steve Heaney MC has the ability to captivate an audience with anecdotes from his military life, whilst relating his experience back to the business world. The attendees all gave very positive feedback as they left the talk with a new perspective on the key components of success, whilst feeling highly motivated. I would certainly recommend Steve Heaney to any organisation seeking unique, interesting and productive ways to motivate and develop teams.
Jason Wheelhouse
Associate Director of Sales
Open GI
SPEAKING ENQUIRIES
Would you like to book Steve for the perfect Corporate Talk or Key Note Speech?
In order to prepare and deliver that inspirational speech, the first step would be to find out a little bit about your organisation and the theme of your event. We would be delighted if you could complete the Corporate Enquiry Form, or call our office and Steve will contact you to arrange a convenient time to talk.
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text:
3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing Will Grow in 2017: New and Better Materials
In 2017, materials for 3D printing and additive manufacturing (AM) will be getting better and more closely fine-tuned for higher-quality and larger end-production parts.
3D Printing, Design Hardware & Software
In 2017, materials for 3D printing and additive manufacturing (AM) will be getting better and more closely fine-tuned for higher-quality and larger end-production parts. At the same time, the types of materials available for 3D printing processes continue to widen, at the low, medium, and high ends. The expansion of engineering-grade materials is being helped along by multiple sources. These include standards bodies, government labs, consortia, and other groups, as well as more large materials companies like Solvay entering the fray. Another major source will be companies leveraging off of HP's Multi Jet Fusion ecosystem open materials market headed by products from Evonik and BASF.
Standards and Guidelines for Improving AM Materials
Making high-quality end-production parts with AM and 3D printing methods requires some carefully defined standards and guidelines for materials and printed parts, as well as machines and processes. This is especially true for metal parts, which continue to be the fastest-growing segment of commercial 3D printing, according to a recent study by IdTechEx. Several different types of organizations are getting into the act, beyond the well-known standards bodies, and these efforts will increase in 2017.
Alcoa's 3D printing metal powder production facility is located at its Technology Center, the world's largest light metals research center, now part of Arconic. There it's developing proprietary titanium, nickel, and aluminum powders optimized for 3D printing aerospace parts. (Source: Arconic)
In 2016, the creators of the free, searchable Senvol Database began issuing a new set of industrial AM and 3D printing tools for engineers wanting to use additive technology for end-production. The Senvol Indexes are datasets for AM material characterization, and the only source of commercially available data of this kind. The Indexes, like the Database, were developed without involvement from machine OEMs or material suppliers, to reduce the barriers of entry for companies interested in additive for end-production.
Registration is open! Pacific Design & Manufacturing, coming to Anaheim, Calif. Feb. 7-9, 2017, connects you with over 20,000 engineers and executives, as well as hundreds of leading suppliers, across the advanced design and manufacturing spectrum who understand the value in working together on the industry's cutting edge. Register Today!
For example, an Index detailing Arcam (AP&C) Ti6Al4V (45 - 106 microns) powder processed on the Arcam Q20 machine includes data such as material properties, process parameters, powder characteristics, and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) effects, gathered according to aerospace best practices. The Indexes were created to replace the duplicative efforts of aerospace companies doing their own material characterization. Since different industries use very similar materials -- for example, Ti6Al4V is also used in medical implants -- the dataset can be shared between aerospace and medical, and any other industry where engineers want to use this material on that specific printer.
Senvol president Annie Wang has been selected as vice chair of the Data Management Committee for the SAE AMS-AM Additive Manufacturing Committee, a technical committee in SAE's Aerospace Materials Systems Group. Her focus will be establishing a system to ensure that material specifications are controlled and traceable to statistically substantiated data that's been analyzed by documented procedures. The Data Management Committee will also coordinate with the SAE's MMPDS Emerging Technology Working Group for new metallic materials and CMH-17 for new polymer composite materials.
Metals, Metals, and More Metals
As we've heard many times from pundits and engineers alike, metals technologies, plus the shift to end-production parts, are the future of industrial and commercial 3D printing and AM. The recent IdTechEx report says metals printer sales are growing at 48% and material sales are growing at 32%, in a wide variety of industries.
The report covers selective laser melting (SLM), electron beam melting (EBM), blown powder, metal + binder, welding, and some emerging technologies, using a wide range of alloys: aluminum, cobalt alloys, nickel alloys, steels, nitinol, titanium alloys, gold, platinum, palladium, silver, copper, bronze, and tungsten. Because of the heavy emphasis on aerospace and medical applications, which have led metals AM, the titanium alloys used by both have a 31% market share by volume. The aerospace industry is also heavily investing in cobalt, nickel, and aluminum alloys.
A more targeted study by Absolute Reports, looking only at SLM and EBM, predicts a growth rate of 26.86% by 2021, and reports that in Europe metals AM tech grew by 54.92% from 2011 to 2016.
One of the biggest influences on powder metals is now the rise of AM, as we reported recently. Most leading metal powder makers are developing powders for additive, although there are only about 15 commercially available, and most installations producing parts with metals AM are doing short runs of 100 units or less.
Since metal powders used for 3D printing durable, high-quality aerospace parts are available in only limited quantities, aluminum leader Alcoa opened a new plant specifically to produce 3D printing metal powders at its Pittsburgh, Penn. Alcoa Technical Center. There it's developing proprietary titanium, nickel, and aluminum powders optimized for 3D printing aerospace parts. The facility is now part of Arconic after the recent separation from Alcoa's traditional commodity business.
Much recent activity has also been aimed at producing better metal powders. The main problem is that many metal alloys produced into powders for use in AM were not designed for that environment, but for casting. So many materials makers are redesigning them from the ground up for 3D printing. NanoSteel, for example, is designing metal powders specifically for the fast-cooling environment of AM, not just translating them from powders originally designed for casting.
The availability of new metal powders developed specifically for 3D printing will continue and expand in 2017. Also expect continual work to understand and verify the microstructures of 3D printed parts, especially metal ones.
For example, at Carnegie Mellon University's leading NextManufacturing Center for AM, researchers have used synchrotron-based x-ray microtomography to make detailed images of 3D-printed titanium parts, to help characterize materials and improve the parts' internal structure.
Previous research found that most tensile properties of 3D-printed titanium components made with Ti-6Al-4V alloy on an EBM machine met or exceeded conventional manufacturing standards. But because of excessive porosity, the fatigue properties of parts were consistently inferior. The team found that most of this porosity can be eliminated by adjusting the printer's process parameters, but methods must include enough information to properly characterize it. The center's method, which does, gave a minimum feature resolution of 1.5 microns.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory discovered interactions that can lead to porosity in parts produced by laser powder bed fusion metal processes, contributing to future better part performance. (Source: Julie Russell/Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory also looked at porosity issues. They discovered what interactions can lead to porosity in parts produced by laser powder bed fusion metal processes. Due to evaporation that occurs when the laser irradiates the metal powder during a build, vapor flux clears away powder near the laser's path. This reduces how much powder is available when the laser makes its next pass, and that causes gaps and defects in the finished part.
The team used a vacuum chamber, an ultra high-speed camera, and a custom-built microscope setup to observe ejection of metal powder away from the laser during the melting process. Through computer simulation and fluid dynamics, the researchers also built models to help explain the particle movement. The effect has important implications for part quality and build speed, so it must be captured and used to update simulation models, which will help optimize the process. Next steps will be investigating how porosity develops in real time and exploring advanced diagnostics and modifications to the process for improving build quality, using the new information.
But Metals aren't the Only Materials that Count
Metals, of course, aren't the only materials that count in 3D printing. Photopolymers still represent the biggest part of AM materials at 59.8% in 2015, according to a recent report from BCC Research. But it's also the slowest growing segment, and expected to decline to 47% by 2021. During that time, the report predicts that thermoplastics will remain the second-largest group at 25% to 26% of the market. Ceramic, metals, and other materials comprise the remaining categories.
One of the latest entries into engineering-grade polymers for 3D printing is Evonik's recently announced VESTOSINT 3D Z2773. This material is its first new plastic powder developed with HP for use with HP's Multi Jet Fusion 3D printers, and the first certified material in HP's Open Platform program, announced last May, which will support this line of printers.
The new PA-12 powder has superior mechanical properties and is FDA (Food and Drug Administration) compliant, so components printed with it can be approved by the FDA for food contact. For several years, Evonik has produced plastics for the industrial production of high-performance components using 3D printing technologies. These include other PA 12-based VESTOSINT powders with high quality and processing capabilities, and with properties profiles for each powder matched to a specific 3D printing technology.
BASF, an HP materials partner in the same program, also said recently it's beginning development of 3D printing materials with HP, leveraging its broad portfolio of engineering thermoplastics, polyurethanes, photopolymers, and other polymers, as well as metal systems. HP's other Open Platform materials partners include Arkema and Lehman & Voss.
A 3D-printed fuel intake runner fabricated from Solvay's KetaSpire PEEK instead of the typical aluminum uses 10% glass fill. (Source: Solvay)
Although polymer leader Solvay makes existing 3D printing materials, the company recently announced it will expand those capabilities as part of its advanced lightweighting solutions that aim at replacing metals. Building on its established AM technical center and production facility for Sinterline Technyl in Lyon, France, Solvay has opened a new laboratory at its Research & Innovation Center in Alpharetta, Georgia for advanced AM materials.
The company has contributed its materials expertise to a 3D printed part for the Polimotor 2 all-plastic engine, designed by industry pioneer Matti Holtzberg. The project aims to leverage advanced polymer technology for a four-cylinder, double-overhead CAM engine weighing 40kg less than today's standard production engine. The plenum chamber is 3D printed with selective laser sintering (SLS) using Solvay's Sinterline Technyl PA 6 powder grade reinforced with a 40% loading of glass beads.
Solvay has also conducted tests comparing the tensile properties of samples 3D printed and injection molded from KetaSpire KT-820 PEEK. In a 3D-printed fuel intake runner fabricated with this material, the KT-820 custom-formulated grade is reinforced with 10% glass fill, and was produced with Arevo Labs' Reinforced Filament Fusion technology. Other plastics products the company is developing for AM include its AvaSpire PAEK, KetaSpire PEEK, and Radel polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) processes, along with PEKK for SLS.
Ann R. Thryft has been writing about manufacturing- and electronics-related technologies for 29 years, covering manufacturing materials & processes, alternative energy, and robotics. In the past, she's also written about machine vision and all kinds of communications.
The new year is here and already proving to offer significant opportunities and advances on 2016. Before you dive to deeply into 2017, prepare yourself for what will surely be an innovative year with more stories from Design News' "Look Ahead: 7 Areas of Advancing Engineering Opportunity in 2017" article series.


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text:
package jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.io;

import android.content.res.AssetManager.AssetInputStream;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;

import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.InvalidMidiDataException;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.MetaMessage;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.MidiEvent;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.MidiFileFormat;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.MidiMessage;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.Sequence;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.ShortMessage;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.SysexMessage;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.Track;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.Track.TrackUtils;
import jp.kshoji.javax.sound.midi.spi.MidiFileReader;

/**
 * The implementation SMF reader
 *
 * @author K.Shoji
 */
public class StandardMidiFileReader extends MidiFileReader {

    /**
     * Represents Extended MIDI File format
     *
     * @author K.Shoji
     */
	private static class ExtendedMidiFileFormat extends MidiFileFormat {
		private final int numberOfTracks;

		/**
		 * Get the number of tracks for this MIDI file.
		 *
		 * @return the number of tracks for this MIDI file
		 */
		public int getNumberTracks() {
			return numberOfTracks;
		}

		/**
		 * Create an {@link ExtendedMidiFileFormat} object from the given parameters.
		 *
		 * @param type the MIDI file type (0, 1, or 2)
		 * @param divisionType the MIDI file division type
		 * @param resolution the MIDI file timing resolution
		 * @param bytes the MIDI file size in bytes
		 * @param microseconds the MIDI file length in microseconds
		 * @param numberOfTracks the number of tracks
		 */
		public ExtendedMidiFileFormat(final int type, final float divisionType, final int resolution, final int bytes, final long microseconds, final int numberOfTracks) {
			super(type, divisionType, resolution, bytes, microseconds);
			this.numberOfTracks = numberOfTracks;
		}
	}

    /**
     * Represents InputStream for MIDI Data
     *
     * @author K.Shoji
     */
	private static class MidiDataInputStream extends DataInputStream {

        /**
         * Constructor
         *
         * @param inputStream the source stream
         */
		public MidiDataInputStream(@NonNull final InputStream inputStream) {
			super(inputStream);
		}

        /**
         * Read value from InputStream
         *
         * @return the variable
         * @throws IOException
         */
		public int readVariableLengthInt() throws IOException {
			int c;
			int value = readByte();

			if ((value & 0x80) != 0) {
				value &= 0x7f;
				do {
					value = (value << 7) + ((c = readByte()) & 0x7f);
				} while ((c & 0x80) != 0);
			}

			return value;
		}
	}

    @NonNull
    @Override
	public MidiFileFormat getMidiFileFormat(@NonNull final InputStream inputStream) throws InvalidMidiDataException, IOException {
		final DataInputStream dataInputStream;
		if (inputStream instanceof DataInputStream) {
			dataInputStream = (DataInputStream) inputStream;
		} else if (inputStream instanceof AssetInputStream) {
			// AssetInputStream can't read with DataInputStream
			dataInputStream = new MidiDataInputStream(convertToByteArrayInputStream(inputStream));
		} else {
			dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(inputStream);
		}

		try {
			if (dataInputStream.readInt() != MidiFileFormat.HEADER_MThd) {
				throw new InvalidMidiDataException("Invalid header");
			}

			final int bytes = dataInputStream.readInt();
			if (bytes < 6) {
				throw new InvalidMidiDataException("Invalid header");
			}

			final int type = dataInputStream.readShort();
			if (type < 0 || type > 2) {
				throw new InvalidMidiDataException("Invalid header");
			}

			final int numberOfTracks = dataInputStream.readShort();
			if (numberOfTracks <= 0) {
				throw new InvalidMidiDataException("Invalid tracks");
			}

			int division = dataInputStream.readShort();
			final float divisionType;
			final int resolution;
			if ((division & 0x8000) != 0) {
				division = -((division >>> 8) & 0xff);
				switch (division) {
				case 24:
					divisionType = Sequence.SMPTE_24;
					break;
				case 25:
					divisionType = Sequence.SMPTE_25;
					break;
				case 29:
					divisionType = Sequence.SMPTE_30DROP;
					break;
				case 30:
					divisionType = Sequence.SMPTE_30;
					break;

				default:
					throw new InvalidMidiDataException("Invalid sequence information");
				}
				resolution = division & 0xff;
			} else {
				divisionType = Sequence.PPQ;
				resolution = division & 0x7fff;
			}

			dataInputStream.skip(bytes - 6);

			return new ExtendedMidiFileFormat(type, divisionType, resolution, MidiFileFormat.UNKNOWN_LENGTH, MidiFileFormat.UNKNOWN_LENGTH, numberOfTracks);
		} finally {
			dataInputStream.close();
		}
	}

	@NonNull
    @Override
	public MidiFileFormat getMidiFileFormat(@NonNull final URL url) throws InvalidMidiDataException, IOException {
		final InputStream inputStream = url.openStream();
		try {
			return getMidiFileFormat(inputStream);
		} finally {
			inputStream.close();
		}
	}

	@NonNull
    @Override
	public MidiFileFormat getMidiFileFormat(@NonNull final File file) throws InvalidMidiDataException, IOException {
		final InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
		try {
			return getMidiFileFormat(inputStream);
		} finally {
			inputStream.close();
		}
	}

	@NonNull
    @Override
	public Sequence getSequence(@NonNull final InputStream inputStream) throws InvalidMidiDataException, IOException {
		final MidiDataInputStream midiDataInputStream = new MidiDataInputStream(convertToByteArrayInputStream(inputStream));

		try {
			final ExtendedMidiFileFormat midiFileFormat = (ExtendedMidiFileFormat) getMidiFileFormat(midiDataInputStream);
			final Sequence sequence = new Sequence(midiFileFormat.getDivisionType(), midiFileFormat.getResolution());

			int numberOfTracks = midiFileFormat.getNumberTracks();

			while (numberOfTracks-- > 0) {
				final Track track = sequence.createTrack();
				if (midiDataInputStream.readInt() != MidiFileFormat.HEADER_MTrk) {
					throw new InvalidMidiDataException("Invalid track header");
				}
				// track length: ignored
				midiDataInputStream.readInt();

				int runningStatus = -1;
				int ticks = 0;
				boolean isTrackRunning = true;

				// Read all of the events.
				while (isTrackRunning) {

					ticks += midiDataInputStream.readVariableLengthInt(); // add deltaTime

					final int data = midiDataInputStream.readUnsignedByte();
					final MidiMessage message;
					if (data < 0x80) {
						// data values
						if (runningStatus >= 0 && runningStatus < 0xf0) {
							message = processRunningMessage(runningStatus, data, midiDataInputStream);
						} else if (runningStatus >= 0xf0 && runningStatus <= 0xff) {
							message = processSystemMessage(runningStatus, data, midiDataInputStream);
						} else {
							throw new InvalidMidiDataException(String.format("Invalid data: %02x %02x", runningStatus, data));
						}
					} else if (data < 0xf0) {
						// Control messages
						message = processRunningMessage(data, midiDataInputStream.readUnsignedByte(), midiDataInputStream);

						runningStatus = data;
					} else if (data == ShortMessage.START_OF_EXCLUSIVE || data == ShortMessage.END_OF_EXCLUSIVE) {
						// System Exclusive event
						final int sysexLength = midiDataInputStream.readVariableLengthInt();
						final byte[] sysexData = new byte[sysexLength];
						midiDataInputStream.readFully(sysexData);

						final SysexMessage sysexMessage = new SysexMessage();
						sysexMessage.setMessage(data, sysexData, sysexLength);
						message = sysexMessage;

						runningStatus = -1;
					} else if (data == MetaMessage.META) {
						// Meta Message
						final int type = midiDataInputStream.readUnsignedByte();

						final int metaLength = midiDataInputStream.readVariableLengthInt();
						final byte[] metaData = new byte[metaLength];
						midiDataInputStream.readFully(metaData);

						final MetaMessage metaMessage = new MetaMessage();
						metaMessage.setMessage(type, metaData, metaLength);
						message = metaMessage;

						runningStatus = -1;

						if (type == MetaMessage.TYPE_END_OF_TRACK) {
							isTrackRunning = false;
						}
					} else {
						// f1-f6, f8-fe
						message = processSystemMessage(data, null, midiDataInputStream);

						runningStatus = data;
					}

					track.add(new MidiEvent(message, ticks));
				}

				TrackUtils.sortEvents(track);
			}

			return sequence;
		} finally {
			midiDataInputStream.close();
		}
	}

    /**
     * Process the {@link SysexMessage}
     *
     * @param data1 the first data
     * @param data2 the second data
     * @param midiDataInputStream the InputStream
     * @return the processed MIDI message
     * @throws InvalidMidiDataException invalid MIDI data inputted
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @NonNull
	private static ShortMessage processSystemMessage(final int data1, final Integer data2, @NonNull final DataInput midiDataInputStream) throws InvalidMidiDataException, IOException {
		final ShortMessage shortMessage;
		switch (data1) {
		case ShortMessage.SONG_POSITION_POINTER://f2
			shortMessage = new ShortMessage();
			if (data2 == null) {
				shortMessage.setMessage(data1, midiDataInputStream.readUnsignedByte(), midiDataInputStream.readUnsignedByte());
			} else {
				shortMessage.setMessage(data1, data2, midiDataInputStream.readUnsignedByte());
			}
			break;

		case ShortMessage.SONG_SELECT://f3
		case ShortMessage.BUS_SELECT://f5
			shortMessage = new ShortMessage();
			if (data2 == null) {
				shortMessage.setMessage(data1, midiDataInputStream.readUnsignedByte(), 0);
			} else {
				shortMessage.setMessage(data1, data2, 0);
			}
			break;

		case ShortMessage.TUNE_REQUEST://f6
		case ShortMessage.TIMING_CLOCK://f8
		case ShortMessage.START://fa
		case ShortMessage.CONTINUE://fb
		case ShortMessage.STOP://fc
		case ShortMessage.ACTIVE_SENSING://fe
			if (data2 != null) {
				// XXX must be ignored??
				throw new InvalidMidiDataException(String.format("Invalid data: %02x", data2));
			}
			shortMessage = new ShortMessage();
			shortMessage.setMessage(data1, 0, 0);
			break;

		default://f1, f9, fd
			throw new InvalidMidiDataException(String.format("Invalid data: %02x", data1));
		}
		return shortMessage;
	}

    /**
     * Process the MIDI running message
     *
     * @param status running status
     * @param data1 the first data
     * @param midiDataInputStream the InputStream
     * @return the processed MIDI message
     * @throws InvalidMidiDataException invalid MIDI data inputted
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @NonNull
    private static ShortMessage processRunningMessage(final int status, final int data1, @NonNull final DataInput midiDataInputStream) throws InvalidMidiDataException, IOException {
		final ShortMessage shortMessage;
		switch (status & ShortMessage.MASK_EVENT) {
		case ShortMessage.NOTE_OFF://80
		case ShortMessage.NOTE_ON://90
		case ShortMessage.POLY_PRESSURE://a0
		case ShortMessage.CONTROL_CHANGE://b0
		case ShortMessage.PITCH_BEND://e0
			shortMessage = new ShortMessage();
			shortMessage.setMessage(status, data1, midiDataInputStream.readUnsignedByte());
			break;

		case ShortMessage.PROGRAM_CHANGE://c0
		case ShortMessage.CHANNEL_PRESSURE://d0
			shortMessage = new ShortMessage();
			shortMessage.setMessage(status, data1, 0);
			break;

		default:
			throw new InvalidMidiDataException(String.format("Invalid data: %02x %02x", status, data1));
		}

		return shortMessage;
	}

	/**
	 * Convert inputStream into {@link ByteArrayInputStream}
	 *
	 * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} instance
	 * @return the {@link ByteArrayInputStream}
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
    @NonNull
    private static ByteArrayInputStream convertToByteArrayInputStream(@NonNull final InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
		if (inputStream instanceof ByteArrayInputStream) {
			// already ByteArrayInputStream
			return (ByteArrayInputStream) inputStream;
		}

		final ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		final byte[] buffer = new byte[10240];
		int readBytes = 0;
		while ((readBytes = inputStream.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
			outputStream.write(buffer, 0, readBytes);
		}

        return new ByteArrayInputStream(outputStream.toByteArray());
	}

	@NonNull
    @Override
	public Sequence getSequence(@NonNull final URL url) throws InvalidMidiDataException, IOException {
		final InputStream inputStream = url.openStream();
		try {
			return getSequence(inputStream);
		} finally {
			inputStream.close();
		}
	}

	@NonNull
    @Override
	public Sequence getSequence(@NonNull final File file) throws InvalidMidiDataException, IOException {
		final InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
		try {
			return getSequence(inputStream);
		} finally {
			inputStream.close();
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
South Asian Modern + Contemporary Art
ARPITA SINGH (B.1937)
To Shekhawati By Road
USD 30,000 - USD 40,000
signed and dated 'Arpita Singh 2004' (lower left)
18 x 24 in. (45.7 x 60.9 cm.)
Painted in 2004
Literature and exhibited
Picture Postcard 2003 - 2006, Vadehra Art Gallery, New Delhi, p. 23 (illustrated).
New Delhi, Vadehra Art Gallery, Arpita Singh - Picture Postcard, 2006
Arpita Singh's free-floating compositions address challenging social and political subject matter, while maintaining an aura of gentle grace and quiet luminosity. Singh spent four years working in the Calcutta and Delhi weavers service center and her paintings draw partly on the stylistic devices of Kantha embroidery. Consuming the entire canvas, sacrificing baseline and perspective for figural relationships and pattern, these works quote the textile tradition of which Arpita Singh was a part. "One of the watercolours with a woman lying across the surface is a very significant work in Arpita's oeuvre. It expresses her philosophy of man's relationship with nature with nature and nurture with the physical world and its history. The woman lying on her side has her ribs exposed and vertebrae exposed. There are other works where the figures have their ribs exposed. This again could be determined by two influencing factors. A year years ago, Arpita had been ill and underwent surgery. Her interest in anatomical details may have begun then but was subsequently fed by medical manuals with anatomical images supplied to her by a friend who is a neurosurgeon. And Arpita who devours the printed word and graphic images needless to say was excited by what she saw."
(Ella Datta, Of History, Context and Location, Picture Postcard, exh. Cat., Vadehra Art Gallery, New Delhi, 2006)
Virtual tour: Maharajas & Mughal Magnificence
Feast your eyes on an unparalleled collection of Indian royal jewellery and objects
At 82, is Arpita Singh 'the next really big thing' in Indian art?
'Her prices are definitely appreciating,' says specialist Nishad Avari of an artist likened to Marc Chagall. Two of her works are offered in New York on 20 March
Collecting guide: Kashmir shawls
An introduction to textiles worn by royalty or nobility, and highly prized for their wool, embroidery and texture
Collecting Guide: Oriental rugs and carpets
Everything from identifying natural dyes to finding the right setting on your vacuum cleaner. Illustrated with lots offered at Christie's


NEW Brighton's marine lake could become a protected area in a bid to halt the £70m redevelopment of the Wirral seaside resort.
NEW Brighton's marine lake could become a protected area in a bid to halt the £70m redevelopment of the Wirral seaside resort.
Opponents of the scheme which Wirral council hopes will revitalise the seaside town say they are trying to have the area listed to protect views from the Marine Promenade.
They have contacted other developers about alternative schemes for the area.
The New Brighton Heritage Group held a public meeting in the town to discuss the plans, and its leaders are hopeful English Heritage will help put a stop to development which opponents claim will ruin the seafront area. Neptune Developments has been chosen as the council's preferred company for plans to build a supermarket on the site of the marine lake, along with an outdoor swimming pool, as well as revamping the Floral Pavilion theatre and building an apartment block on the sea front.
A new marine lake would be built further along the seafront, and a cinema, restaurants and bars are also intended to be part of the development.
Norman Kingham, owner of the lighthouse which along with Fort Perch Rock is a Grade II-listed building, said they want the marine lake to be kept to preserve the views of the historic buildings and Liverpool Bay beyond. He said: "I'm not opposed to development in New Brighton, but it ought to be appropriate."
English Heritage said it had not received a formal request for the marine lake to be "listed" yet.
Leslie Parker-Davies, chairman of the opposition group, said: "People are really thinking about this. There's a real debate and our petition against the proposals has reached 10,000." Executive member for regeneration, Cllr Pat Hackett, said Wirral Council, which owns the marine lake, had not been approached about listing it.
He said: "After the massive consultation that's taken place, the people of New Brighton overwhelmingly want to see this scheme go ahead, and this would put a halt on those plans."


text:
Accueil ECFR
European Power
Wider Europe
Experts & Staff
About ECFR
La Tunisie se révolte à nouveau
Les émeutes d'aujourd'hui sont plus dangereuses que celles de 2011.
Stefano M. Torelli @mideastorels sur Twitter
ECFR Alumni · Visiting Fellow
Article 16 janvier 2018
Today's riots are more dangerous than those of 2011.
January has proven to be the month of revolts in Tunisia. 1978, 1984, 2001, 2016, and now 2018; in each of these years, the first month has seen thousands of people take to the streets to protest unsustainable social, economic and political situations.
In some cases one issue dominated; the revolts of 1978 and, above all, of 1984 were named the 'bread riots' to reflect how the collapsing economy had turned basic necessities into luxury goods. By contrast, the 2011 uprisings railed against a broad range of structural problems, including inequality, centralization of the productive sectors, immobility of the labour market and runaway unemployment. This was not a 'simple' bread riot, but a political and institutional revolution.
In a way, this revolt worked; former President Ben 'Ali was forced to flee to Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia became the first Arab country in history to undergo a sudden regime change whose causes were completely internal and not connected to the interests of foreign powers.
What is worrying, however, is the almost total absence of policies for economic and social development. Here it is necessary to rethink the way Europe has viewed Tunisia over the last six years. As soon as the spectre of a counter-revolution passed over the first years of transition, a naive vision of Tunisia began to spread in Europe. It was as if Tunisia no longer needed support or warranted attention, so complete was the process of transformation it had made – especially if compared with the disasters of Libya or Syria.
The fact is that the Tunisian protests today could be even more worrisome than those in 2011. It is true that the country has changed for the better since then: The new Constitution, the opening of the political landscape to parties that were previously banned, the holding of pluralistic parliamentary and presidential elections are all positive developments.From then on, Tunisia undertook a process of political and institutional transformation that made it the poster child of the Arab Spring, in contrast with Egypt, Yemen and Syria, which were quickly consumed once more by the darkness of winter.
But is this a true picture of Tunisia? If so, why are the streets of the great suburbs of Tunis and the towns of the Center-West again filled with thousands of people? And to what extent are the protests comparable with those that led to the fall of the Ben 'Ali regime in 2011?
However, hidden beneath the apparent transformation of the country was a ruling class struggling to answer the concrete demands of its citizens. Tunisians, once they did away with their ruler, hoped for an improvement to their living conditions. But this did not happen. Not only did it not happen, the perception has grown among the Tunisian people in recent years that it may never happen.
Citizens believe that the demands of social equality, improvement of socio-economic conditions and attention to the most disadvantaged groups are being ignored by the political parties, who think only of short-term political gain and have no interest in long-term reform.
This is why today's riots are more dangerous than those of 2011; the hope and enthusiasm that animated that revolt against dictatorship has been replaced by disillusionment with democracy. There is little hope for a better future, only anger at the present's failure. In this context, the risk of a return to authoritarian customs cannot be excluded.
Indeed, this is already happening. Since 2015 the government has resumed practices of repression and censorship that were thought to be a thing of the past, granting impunity to the police under the pretext of security and the fight against terrorism. This is a grave mistake: Terrorism is an effect and not a cause of Tunisia's problems.
It will become clear in the coming days whether the current protests will subside, or if confrontation in the streets will last. In any case, starting tomorrow, the priority must be to put in place concrete policies for the development of the western and central regions, reform of the security sector and the judicial system, and improved competitiveness of the economy. This will not be an easy task, but the alternative is permanent mobilization. Or a return to the past.
L'ECFR ne prend pas de position collective. Les publications de l'ECFR ne représentent que les opinions de leurs auteurs.
ECFR Offices
ECFR in the media
© European Council on Foreign Relations 2022


text:
Why the Trust is more ambitious than ever
'Moments Worth Paying For' Grows Up
Youth gets a big boost
FindAnyFilm gets a front row seat
Doubled our parent power
Real Deal Spearheading Best Practice
'Moments Worth Paying For' Grows Up
Three years old early next year, our Moments Worth Paying For advertising campaign realised its full potential. Taking recommendations from last year's tracking research about how to boost campaign comprehension we delivered a rich array of new messages to inspire film audiences to make legal choices.
Tapping into this year's hottest titles
With the support of our members, we brought our refreshed approach to life through 2013's must-see titles: Iron Man 3 highlighted special effects mastery; Despicable Me 2 celebrated the value of shared movie experiences while Anchorman 2 deployed Ron Burgundy's persuasive powers to inspire film fans to play fair.
While each unique trailer shone a light on why film is worth paying for in its own way, as a powerful series the trailers have enabled us to extend our message reach beyond the core of young, male infringers to encompass parents and younger audiences; those increasingly at risk of infringing. The diversity of titles involved this year is testament to the flexibility of the Moments Worth Paying For message.
Another significant evolution for the Moments campaign has been our move to incorporate the FindAnyFilm discovery tool into all of our members' marketing materials this year, which means we are not only inspiring audiences to play fair, but ensuring they're just one click away from being able to do so – whether they're viewing the campaign from their desktop, a tablet or mobile.
It's an approach that delivers value to consumers, as well as to our members, and has already this year been adopted by Lionsgate UK, Universal, Disney, Paramount and Sony.
Shifting attitudes and driving purchase
Our latest tracking dip reveals the evolution is working: we achieved our highest ever comprehension scores for 'fair play' and 'worth paying for' and we also boosted awareness of the campaign, with a significant uplift in recall compared to 12 months ago.
The campaign continues to shift audience attitudes to our content in the right direction: – those exposed to Moments Worth Paying Forare up to twice as likely to pay for legal content as those who haven't seen the campaign. Bringing FindAnyFilm to the fore this year has enabled us to convert this intention into purchase; delivering increased commercial value to our members.
Moments premieres in Ireland
A dedicated resource was appointed to premiere Moments Worth Paying For in Ireland. In collaboration with distributors, the Irish Trust adapted the trailer campaign for Irish audiences, including directing viewers to the new Lovemovies.ie website, which showcases cinema times, retailers and online services.
Moments Worth Paying For's take on Universal's Despicable Me 2, Warner Bros' Pacific Rim, Lionsgate's The Hunger Games: Catching Fire and Paramount's Anchorman 2: The Legend Continues will reach more than two million film fans in Ireland this year; increasing our overall reach significantly.
A BIG thank you for your support
So a BIG thank you to all our studio members who have allowed us to capitalise on the power of their content this year – and to DCM, Pearl and Dean, Clear Channel and Primesight – for giving us the platforms to take that content to millions of consumers.
With your continued collaboration we've been able to deliver a two-fold increase in Return-On-Investment (ROI) on Moments Worth Paying For compared to last year. For every £1 our members invested in the campaign in the last 12 months, we've delivered £37 worth of media value.
"Marvel film and comic fans completely understand the time and effort that goes into turning the stories they love into full length feature films as is the case with IRON MAN 3. So we're delighted to be working with the Industry Trust to inspire audiences about the value of film and showcase the technical wizardry involved in making the movie moments film fans love."
The Walt Disney Company EMEA
"The fantastic Pacific Rim trailer captures some of the vital ingredients that make a movie experience worth paying for and, at the same time, addresses the continued challenge posed by piracy."
Josh Berger CBE, President & Managing Director, Warner Bros. UK, Ireland and Spain
"Despicable Me has become such a well-known franchise for Universal, and with audiences hungry for more Minion action, we're delighted to be working with FindAnyFilm to deliver engaging content with such an important educational message."
Niels Swinkels, Managing Director UK and Eire, Universal Pictures International
"This is the second collaboration between Lionsgate and the Industry Trust and we're proud to continue working with them on educating audiences on the value of creative content. This trailer will really resonate with audiences who have waited 18 months for the next chapter of Katniss' journey, with their patience making the movie experience all the more worth paying for."
Nicola Pearcey, Managing Director Home Entertainment and New Media at Lionsgate UK
"This is our first collaboration with the Industry Trust and we're delighted to have created and delivered such a unique spin on the "Moments Worth Paying For" messaging. We are proud to be the first partner to deliver a completely exclusive piece of content which carefully balances the messaging required to inspire the audience to choose official film whilst still remaining part of the films promotion. Anchorman 2: The Legend Continues is one of those titles that appeals to both young and old and we really hope this trailer will support the hugely successful educational work of the Industry Trust."
Ian George, Managing Director at Paramount Pictures UK


text:
Ytterboda en Överboda (Zweeds: Ytterboda och Överboda) is een småort in de gemeente Leksand in het landschap Dalarna en de provincie Dalarnas län in Zweden. Het småort heeft 141 inwoners (2005) en een oppervlakte van 64 hectare. Eigenlijk bestaat het småort uit twee plaatsen: Ytterboda en Överboda.

Verkeer en vervoer
Bij de plaats loopt de Riksväg 70.

Door de plaats loopt een spoorlijn.

Plaats in Dalarnas län

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
June 28, 2017 Culture » Culture Features
Out and 'Aboot
Giving kudos to Canada on its 150th birthday, from our Canadian reporter
By Magdalena Bokowa @MagdalenaBokowa
Oh pardon me, sorr-ye.
I'm over here, the Canadian hiding in the corner, sitting on the chesterfield (that's Canadian for couch). Most days I fly by undetected. I look like you, I wear flannel, I enjoy burritos, string music and hip-hop. But then I ask to go to the washroom, talk about the greatest comedians of all time - a la' Jim Carrey, Mike Myers and Rick Moranis, scrunch my face anytime someone mentions Bieber or Nickelback and give you a blank stare when you talk about "that time in freshman/sophomore/junior year. And lawd' don't get me started if an "out and aboot" comes out — you'll sniff me out quicker than I can say, "Eh?"
Hi. I'm Canadian, a legal U.S. alien and terribly proud of it — just ask my American husband. He'll tell you just how great I think Canada is.
I've been in 'Murica for almost four years, and in that time, I've been — quietly and politely — chalking up the similarities and differences between our two fair nations. On the eve of my motherland's 150th birthday on July 1—Canada Day—I'd like to share my love and hate relationship with you.
Talking American Politics:
In The U.S., It's Taboo.
In Canada, It's A National Pastime
With the longest unprotected border in the world, it's an amazing feat that this sibling rivalry is as seemingly peaceful as it is. I'd wager most Americans forgot about us until 2015 when hunky Prime Minister Justin Trudeau came into the picture, ex-boxing bod in full force and making headlines for forming an equal-gender cabinet simply because, as he put it, "It's 2015."
Without going too much into the recent political turmoil in the U.S., I have to say: U.S.A., you hate getting political. Which makes this whole Trump thing even more infuriating for you. This whole thing is just dragging on isn't it? Why can't we talk about football instead?
The old adage about not talking about "politics, sex or religion" with family members at Thanksgiving has never been more true. I learned this the uncomfortable way when we didn't go to Thanksgiving last year because of a "Who-said-you-said-what?-about-Trump's-(fake)-inauguration-size Facebook war/longest thread of my entire life" I had with my husband's (Republican) family member. We ended up at a cult/yoga "retreat" instead, all thanks to my Canadian pleasure in dissecting American politics.
I've learned that talking politics — except in select situations — is taboo because it's something that's viewed as a precursor to an argument — which makes sense considering you only have two major political parties. No wonder you're polarized.
With at least five major Canadian political parties, politics can be, far less, shall we say argumentative? And exciting. Unless you're French-Canadian. Then that can get weird, pretty fast (Quebec has that niche-Texan-we-should-separate mentality). Canadians tend to have less of an extreme right or left and more so, a scattering of ideologies on a vast, more lenient plane. Within government, Canadians tend to trust authority, evident in our tied history to the British monarchy and as part of The Commonwealth. We didn't show King George the door; we still have his ancestor's face on our (Monopoly) money.
Canadian and American politicians remarkably behave much the same; just think of these two words: Rob Ford — the cocaine-snorting, bellowing and extremely photogenic ex-mayor of Toronto. The greatest differences in our politics seem to have arisen in the '70s and '80s when the U.S veered towards Reaganism and Canada continued on a liberal path until an eight-year conservative government sprouted up in the mid-2000s. Canada has moved to the center while the United States has, well, that's up for debate at the moment. Still, same-sex marriage was legal way back in 2004, with the U.S only following suit 11 years later.
From my experience as a political studies major and journalist, Canadians generally approve of the government (once in place) and rally behind it. Americans tend to show distrust and can view it as a necessary evil, which is evident in the amount of "freedom" jargon you guys always throw at me around the Fourth of July.
Immigration: Melting Pot vs Mosaic
Nothing is more sought after then the "American Dream," where the chance for transformation is traded for assimilation. The U.S. has an abundance of opportunity, bolstered by its capitalistic nature — where even a corporation is viewed as a person. Never have I thought anything is more possible than living in America. Loans are doled out on a whim, tax rates are low when compared to Canada and support is high for the dreamy entrepreneur.
Immigrants to the U.S. see the coveted green card as an honorable achievement and end up identifying as American first with their previous citizenry secondary. Yes, America's the melting pot of ethnicities, but don't forget you're freaking American first. For me, this rang ever so true when I received my first official green card papers, congratulating me on becoming a "legal alien"— something I found offensive, as "alien" seemed to be someone completely foreign, almost unwelcome, but tolerated.
Growing up in Toronto as a first generation immigrant— my parents escaped communist Poland in the late '80s — I was surrounded by other first generations from Portugal, Trinidad, The Philippines... the list goes on. We were all sheepish about how our kitchens reeked of smells from our native countries, but when asked where were we from, we'd always answer with the native country first. I am Polish-Canadian. Multiculturalism is celebrated, not shelved. Social anthropologists deem this as a mosaic, which is slightly different than the melting pot mentality.
Andrew Kohut, an American pollster, argued that the real differences between Canada and the United States are not national, but rather regional. That is, Canadians and Americans in adjacent regions are likely to resemble each other – eastern Canada with New England and Oregon with British Columbia. I'd add that liberal Americans have more than a passing resemblance to liberal Canadians, and conservative Canadians to conservative Americans, worshipping at the shrines of Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher – a sign perhaps that both countries are indebted to their transatlantic forefather, the United Kingdom.
I'm not going to touch this one with a 10-foot/3.3 metre pole.
But, the concealed carry permit you guys got going on scares the living bejeebers out of me.
When I first moved here, a member of the "Universal Healthcare for All Oregonians" found out I was Canadian and approached me to do a talk at the public library regarding healthcare. I lamented that my only medical qualification was being a) Canadian and b) using the system. He was overly enthusiastic that this more than qualified me. The talk went fine, up until the very end when a cute, button-nosed 80-year-old woman raised her hand and asked, "In Canada, does your free health care pay for abortions, too?" Red-faced, bumbling, I replied that I had no idea... but that, yes, although I don't have to worry that my burst appendix will cost me $45,000, abortions, because elective, probably weren't free. Neither are prescriptions, unless you're over the age of 65.
Yes, the healthcare system, paid out of tax dollars, (that yes, are higher than the U.S.') is a fraught system. Long waits, delayed procedures, overworked doctors can be the norm. You hear stories of Canadians crossing the border to get MRIs. But I have never had anxiety over the state of my health as I have while living in America — and I'm 29.
Plus, if I have a baby, I get 50 weeks of paid maternity leave. Booyah.
Sorry, Not Sorry
OK, USA. I'm sorry. Really sorry, for not maple-syruping some of these truths, and on the eve of your freedom celebration, no less. It's not in my nature as a Canadian to be this mean... which leads me to the last truth.
Canadians are not as nice as we seem and it can be hard to live next to a cultural, military and economic superpower such as the United States. But Canadians secretly love being the underdog, because if you're on top, you may just topple. We like being the quiet ones, waiting in the wings, or the penalty box. (Had to slip that hockey reference in there).
But saying sorry — as we so often do — is good for you. Although we're mocked for always apologizing, studies at the University of Waterloo found that saying sorry boosts happiness and strengths relationships. And if you're not convinced, apologizing to a cop gets your fine reduced by an average of $51.
Refusing to apologize may lead to a sense of empowerment... but that's not in your nature is it, America?
America, I love you.
But you're bloody weird.
Freelancer at the Source Weekly
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text:
Eckington, Derbyshire
Human settlement in England
Eckington town centre
Location within Derbyshire
11,152 (civil parish, 2001)[1]
North East Derbyshire
Shire county
53°18′29″N 1°21′51″W / 53.308°N 1.3643°W / 53.308; -1.3643Coordinates: 53°18′29″N 1°21′51″W / 53.308°N 1.3643°W / 53.308; -1.3643
Eckington is a historic market town in North East Derbyshire, England. It is 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Chesterfield and 8.5 miles (14 km) southeast of Sheffield city centre, on the border with South Yorkshire. It lies on the B6052 and B6056 roads close to the A6135 for Sheffield and Junction 30 of the M1. It had a 2001 population of 11,152,[1] increasing to 11,855 (including Bramley, Renishaw Marsh Lane and Troway) at the 2011 Census.[2]
4 Schools
6 Amenities
Ten Roman coins discovered in December 2008,[3] near Eckington Cemetery may be evidence of a Roman settlement or road in the area. The oldest of the silver and copper coins is from the reign of the emperor Domitian (AD 81 to 96) while the others are from the reigns of Trajan (AD 98 to 117) and Hadrian (AD 117 to 138).
Eckington is recorded in the Domesday Book in 1086 as Echintune,[4] a manor given to Ralph Fitzhubert.[5] Some parts of the parish church of St Peter and St Paul date to 1100.
George Sitwell, son of George and Mary was baptised in 1601 in Eckington. George's father died whilst he was a child but as an adult he acquired the freehold of land in Eckington[6] and exploited it by mining iron ore.[7] In 1625, he built Renishaw Hall which is now owned by Sir Reresby Sitwell's daughter, Alexandra and her family.
Sitwell exploited the minerals beneath his estate, chiefly iron and built a blast furnace at Plumbley a mile north west of Eckington in the 1630s with his mother's second husband, Henry Wigfall. In 1652 Sitwell built a furnace at Foxbrooke, close to Renishaw, which became the core of the largest ironworks in Derbyshire. Sitwell made saws at Pleasley and in 1656, installed a rolling and slitting mill at Renishaw to supply the rod iron used by numerous local nailmakers.[7]
During the Industrial Revolution coal and iron ore were mined and local streams, such as the Moss Brook, were harnessed to provide power for factories. The Sitwells built a large foundry and ironworks. Scythes, sickles and nails were made in the town for local use and for export.[8] The Moss Brook was dammed to provide water power at eight sites including ChapelWheel, Carlton Wheel and Fields Wheel, to grind the blades. The remains of an old forge and drift mines exist in the valley.[9] Eckington had a coal mine in the eastern part of the town, one of the very few in the country which is still operated.
Governance[edit]
Historically, Eckington was an ecclesiastical parish in the hundred of Scarsdale in Derbyshire. After 1837 it was in the Chesterfield Poor Law Union.[8]
Eckington covers an area of 2,089 acres. The geology is the coal measures containing coal and ironstone. The Chesterfield Canal and Midland Railway passed through the parish.[8] The Moss Brook is a tributary of the River Rother.
Schools[edit]
The oldest school in Eckington is Camms CE Primary School. In 1702, Thomas Camm endowed a schoolhouse and a schoolmaster to teach 24 poor children in the parish. In 1832, Robert Harrison moved the school to a new building which cost £600, and it was moved again to its current location on Castle Hill in 1975.[10]
Eckington School is a large comprehensive school, attracting pupils from the surrounding areas of Killamarsh, Renishaw, Beighton, Ridgeway and Mosborough. Despite being closer to several Sheffield residential areas the admissions policy favours pupils from Derbyshire feeder schools.[11] Eckington Grammar School in Halfway became Derbyshire's first comprehensive school in 1957, changing its name to the Westfield School, and since 1967 has been controlled by the city of Sheffield.
Located on the border between South Yorkshire and Derbyshire, Eckington and other towns such as Killamarsh, Mosborough and Ridgeway have their own local accent, a cross between the Sheffield (as opposed to Yorkshire) and Chesterfield accents.
Amenities[edit]
Eckington has a swimming pool[12] near the library,[13] built in the 1970s as part of a town centre improvement. The town has a bus station (halt).
Eckington Woods to the north of the town forms part of the Moss Valley conservation area. They are also known as the Bluebell Wood because of the quantity of bluebells in the springtime.
Transport[edit]
Eckington bus station
Eckington bus station serves Eckington and is on Pinfold Street. It has four stands and two rest stands. The major companies using it are Stagecoach Chesterfield, Stagecoach Mansfield and TM Travel. It was served by a station. This was closed in the 1960s.
People[edit]
Notable people from Eckington include:
Ann Alexander, financier, was born here in the 1770s.[14]
Walter Bussey, footballer
Herbert Henry Elvin, trade union leader
Joseph Gales, Sr., politician and journalist
Joseph Gales, Jr., journalist and Mayor of Washington, D.C.
Joan Hinde, trumpeter
George Sitwell, ironmaster was born here in 1601[7]
Paul West, writer
Zoë Baker, swimmer
Photos[edit]
Eckington War Memorial
St Peter & St Paul's
Old Market Street
^ a b "Neighbourhood Statistics". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
^ "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
^ "Sheffield Star 13 December 2008". Archived from the original on 20 December 2008. Retrieved 13 December 2008.
^ Domesday Book: A Complete Translation. London: Penguin, 2003. ISBN 0-14-143994-7 p.1340
^ who held several manors including some in Derbyshire given by the king. They included Eckington and lands in Barlborough, Whitwell, Stretton, Ashover, Ogston, Crich, Wessington, Ingleby, Wirksworth and Hathersage
^ Sales of land in Eckington to George Sitwell and Henry Wigfall, National Archives, Retrieved March 2010
^ a b c Philip Riden, 'Sitwell, George (bap. 1601, d. 1667)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 2 March 2010
^ a b c Lewis, Samuel (1848), "Eckington St Peter and St Paul", A Topographical Dictionary of England, British History Online, pp. 139–144, retrieved 7 June 2012
^ Conserving the Moss Valley and its wildlife, Moss Valley Wildlife, retrieved 8 June 2012
^ Camms School History Archived 6 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine
^ Derbyshire schools admissions policy Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
^ Eckington Swimming Pool Archived 2 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine
^ Eckington Library
^ "Alexander [née Barber], Ann (1774/5–1861), banker and bill broker | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". www.oxforddnb.com. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/53243. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
Bowlt, Eileen. M. (1994) Ruislip Past. London: Historical Publications ISBN 0-948667-29-X
Inside-Eckington Website
Eckington in the Domesday Book
Eckington Methodist with St Luke's church
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eckington.
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