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2010| January-March | Volume 6 | Issue 1
Online since May 15, 2010
Gemcitabine and treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in relapsed or refractory elderly patients: A prospective randomized trial in Algeria
Mourad Aribi, Naima Mesli, Nesrine Remla, Badr-Eddine Sari, Abdesselam Taleb, Hadj Touhami, Mohamed-Amine Bekadja, Zahia Zouaoui-Benhadji, Kamel Bouzid, Kaoual Meguenni
January-March 2010, 6(1):41-46
Context: Support for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with large cells that is refractory or relapsed after first-line chemotherapy poses a greater therapeutic problem with bone marrow transplant therapy or when old age is a contra-indication for high-dose chemotherapy, especially among developing countries such as Algeria. Aim: To show that the regimen, including gemcitabine, could be more effective in treating elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in relapse / refractory, without complete remission, when compared with the ESHAP (etoposide, cisplatine, solumedrol, aracytine) regimen. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six patients in the age group of 60-70 years were volunteers for a prospective randomized single-blind study, carried out for three years. Patients were divided into two groups by the drawing of lots. The first group (GA, n = 48, relapse; n = 27 [56.3%], refractory; n = 21 [43.7%]) received treatment with ESHAP protocol and the second one (GB, n = 48, relapse; n = 28 [58%], refractory; n = 20 [42%]) with GPD (gemcitabine, dexamethasone, cisplatine) protocol. Results: The overall response rates and mean survival at three years were significantly higher among patients subjected to GPD treatment compared with those subjected to ESHAP treatment (63% vs. 55%, P = 0.01 and 20.5% [95% CI 16.5-24.5] vs. 11.8% [8.9-14.6], respectively). Additionally, three-year progression-free and event-free survival rates were 20.5% (16.3-24) and 19.7% (15.9-23.5), respectively, for the GPD regimen and 10.9% (8.2-13.7) and 11.1% (95% CI 8.5-13.7), respectively, for the ESHAP regimen. Moreover, the GPD regimen was associated with improving overall survival (RR=2.02, 95% CI 1.59-2.56; P = 0.000), event-free survival (2.03, 1.64-2.52; P < 0.001) and progression-free survival (1.86, 1.46-2.37; P < 0.001). Conclusion: In cases of contra-indication for high-dose chemotherapy for elderly patients with DLBCL, without complete remission, the Gemcitabine-based therapy protocol represents a more effective and less toxic than that of ESHAP.
[ABSTRACT] [FULL TEXT] [PDF] [CITATIONS] [PubMed]
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Is India ready to incorporate recent advances in day to day practice?
Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula, Gunjan Baijal, BM Vadhiraja, Donald J Fernandes, MS Vidyasagar
Background : Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) cure rates are increasing and morbidities are decreasing, with more active pharmacological agents and technological advancements. In spite of this, India is still battling with the prejudices of an economically and educationally impoverished patient base. Methods and Results : We analyzed NHL cases from 2000 to 2006 using data from case sheets. Of 303 cases, only 100 patients had complete workup and received some form of treatment. For 203 patients, reasons for non-compliance were: financial constraint (119), distance from center (38), inability of physician to provide guarantees of cure (13), poor prognosis/fear of recurrence (28)), preferences for alternate medicine (5). Most common investigations that could not be afforded for staging were whole body CT scans and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Thirteen patients were in stage III and 53 in Stage IV. The most common regimen was CHOP (Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, Vincristine, Prednisolone). Forty-five patients did not complete six courses of CHOP and 35 patients had significant delay. Reasons for delay were intermittent availability of cash (35), intolerable toxicities (30), absence of supportive care (21), given-up attitudes (17). Eighty-three patients suffered Grade III/IV debilitating toxicities. Overall survival at five years was 50%. Conclusions : NHL in India is no different from the developed world. However, there are disparities in survivorship and outcomes, due to un-affordability and attitudes of the patients. Therefore, we suggest the development of Community Health Insurance Schemes (CHIs), with the hospital as the nodal center to address the above mentioned issues.
Renal toxicity in patients with multiple myeloma receiving zoledronic acid vs. ibandronate: A retrospective medical records review
Rudolf Weide, Hubert Koppler, Lucia Antras, Michael Smith, MPH Eva Chang, Jesse Green, Neil Wintfeld, Maureen P Neary, Mei Sheng Duh
Aims : This retrospective study investigated the rates of renal impairment in patients with multiple myeloma treated with zoledronic acid and ibandronate. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively reviewed medical records in a German oncology clinic, from May 2001 to December 2005. Creatinine measurements were analyzed from baseline (before zoledronic acid or ibandronate treatment) to last evaluation for each patient. A total of 84 patients were included. Results : Zoledronic acid increased the risk of renal impairment by approximately 3-fold compared with ibandronate (renal impairment rates: zoledronic acid 37.7% vs. ibandronate 10.5%, relative risk [RR]=3.6, P=0.0029 serum creatinine [SCr]; 62.3% vs. 23.7%, RR=2.6, P=0.0001 glomerular filtration rate [GFR]). Ibandronate-treated patients switched from zoledronic acid had a significantly higher risk of renal impairment than patients receiving ibandronate monotherapy (zoledronic acid over ibandronate 39.1% vs. ibandronate monotherapy 6.7%, RR= 5.9, P=0.028 [SCr]; 65.2% vs 26.7%, RR=2.4, P=0.022 [GFR]). Multivariate analysis found significantly higher hazard ratios for zoledronic acid over ibandronate (SCr: Cox = 4.38, P=0.01; Andersen-Gill=8.22, P < 0.01; GFR: Cox = 4.31, P < 0.01; Andersen-Gill = 3.71, P < 0.01). Conclusions : Overall, this retrospective study suggests that multiple myeloma patients are more likely to experience renal impairment with zoledronic acid than with ibandronate. The risk of renal impairment increased if patients had received prior therapy with zoledronic acid.
Prospective subjective evaluation of swallowing function and dietary pattern in head and neck cancers treated with concomitant chemo-radiation
Jaiprakash Agarwal, Debnarayan Dutta, Vijay Palwe, Tejpal Gupta, Sarbani Ghosh Laskar, Ashwini Budrukkar, Vedang Murthy, Pankaj Chaturvedi, Prathemesh Pai, Devendra Chaukar, AK D'Cruz, Suyesh Kulkarni, Aniruddh Kulkarni, Gurmit Baccher, Shyam Kishor Shrivastava
Aim : Prospective subjective evaluation of swallowing function and dietary pattern in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with concomitant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT). Materials and Methods : Prospective evaluation of swallowing function with performance status scale for head and neck cancer patients (PSSHN) at pre-CRT, CRT completion and at subsequent follow-ups in adult with loco-regionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Results : In 47 patients (40 male, seven females; mean age 53; 72% smoker 53%, oropharyngeal cancer), the mean total PSSHN score at pre-CRT was 258.5 and decreased to 225.2 and 219.2 at two and six months respectively. Understandability of speech, normalcy in diet and eating in public at pre-CRT and six months were 91.5 and 84.4; 80.4 and 63.1; 87.3 and 76.6 respectively. In univariate analysis, pre-CRT PSSHN scores were significantly lesser in patients with severe pre-CRT dysphagia (P = 0.001), hypopharyngeal cancer (P = 0.244) and advanced T-stage (T3/4) disease (P = 0.144). At CRT completion, there was significant reduction of PSSHN scores in patients with severe pre-CRT dysphagia (P = 0.008), post-CRT weight loss (>10%) and disease progression (P = 0.039). At two months and six months, 17 (57%) and 11 (73.5%) patients respectively showed change in dietary habit. Mean increase in meal time was 13% and 21% at two and six-month follow-up. Conclusions : HNSCC patients show deterioration in swallowing function after CRT with normalcy of diet in maximum and eating in public least affected. Pre-CRT severity of dysphagia, weight loss >10% and disease progression have significant correlation with higher swallowing function deterioration after CRT.
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the sino-nasal tract in children
Olaf Zagolski, Raghav C Dwivedi, Somasundaram Subramanian, Rehan Kazi
January-March 2010, 6(1):5-10
Childhood head and neck cancers are relatively uncommon. Of all head and neck cancers occurring in children, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is the most common, others being rhabdomyosarcoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In the head and neck region, sinuses are the second commonest primary site of NHL after neck lymph nodes. These can be of several different types depending on the predominant cell type and histologic appearance, the most common histological variant being diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In an attempt to simplify the classification and to develop a universally acceptable classification and staging, they have been classified and staged numerous times over the last three decades, adding more confusion to the topic. Clinical presentations vary according to the histological type. The low grade lymphomas present with a nasal cavity or para-nasal sinus mass associated with obstructive symptoms and/or lymphadenopathy, while high grade lymphomas present with aggressive signs and symptoms including non-healing ulcer, epistaxis, septal perforation and bony destruction. The primary treatment consists of chemotherapy and / or radiation therapy, which is able to achieve remission in two-third of the patients, however, prognosis remains poor with cumulative five-year survival rates at about 30% for all the types of sino-nasal NHLs. Newer targeted therapy (monoclonal antibodies) and combination therapies (including stem cells) are currently being tested in order to improve survival rates in these patients. This article aims at providing an overview of clinico-epidemiologic characteristics, staging system currently in use, management, prognosis and possibilities of future research in the field of childhood sinonasal NHLs.
Biomarkers of oxidative stress and smoking in cancer patients
Elena B Burlakova, Galina P Zhizhina, Svetlana M Gurevich, Lyudmila D Fatkullina, Antonina I Kozachenko, Lena G Nagler, Tatiana M Zavarykina, Viktor V Kashcheev
Context: Increased oxidative stress is a significant part of pathogenesis of smoking-related cancer. Aim: The study aims to investigate changes in antioxidant status induced by chronic cigarette smoking in cancer patients and healthy subjects. Setting and Design: We examined the venous blood samples of 54 healthy subjects, both smokers (25) and non-smokers and of 50 patients with smoking-related cancer, both smokers (34) and non-smokers. Materials and Methods: We measured the activities of five antioxidant (AO) enzymes: glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase (GST), glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the blood of 50 cancer patients and 54 healthy persons. Damage to cellular structures (level of malonic dialdehyde, micro viscosity of erythrocyte membranes, number of leukocyte DNA breaks) was determined. Statistical analysis of results obtained was performed using conventional and multi-factorial statistical methods. Results: Statistically significant increase in GST activity and DNA breaks, but decrease of membranes micro viscosity in cancer patients, compared with healthy subjects were obtained. In the cancer patients, no influence of smoking on studied parameters was found. Correlations of parameters within cancer patients and healthy subjects group did not coincide with each other. Conclusions: Changes of AO status parameters and oxidative damages in cell structures are related to tumor processes indicating the augmentation of oxidative stress in human blood. This study demonstrated potential applicability of a statistical model based on the evaluated biomarkers of oxidative stress to determine a smoking-induced harm of cancer incidence in healthy subjects.
Magnitude of fatigue in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and its short term effect on quality of life
MG Janaki, Amrit R Kadam, S Mukesh, S Nirmala, Arul Ponni, BS Ramesh, AG Rajeev
Background : Fatigue is one of the most common, ongoing symptoms reported by patients undergoing radiotherapy and has profound effects on the quality of life. Aims : This study attempts to identify the magnitude of fatigue and its implication on the quality of life during radiotherapy. Methods and Materials : A prospective study was conducted from March 2004 to September 2005, on 90 patients with histologically proven cancer, receiving radiotherapy. Pretreatment and weekly assessment of fatigue and QOL was done during radiation treatment using Brief Fatigue Inventory Scale and EORTC QLQ C30 respectively and repeated one month after completion of radiotherapy. All the scores were measured in the 0 to 100 scale. Statistical Methods Used : Trimean, SPSS 11.0 and Sysstat 8.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results : Fatigue was present in 87.8% of patients initially and increased gradually over the course of radiotherapy and peaked in the last week. However at follow up it was nearing the pretreatment level. There was significant reduction in the functional scores ( P < 0.001) of QOL (physical, role and emotional function), which returned to pretreatment level at follow up. In the seventh week impairment of cognitive function (P=0.059) was noted. Significant reduction of social function (P < 0.001) at second week and global health status (P < 0.001) at fifth week was noted while financial difficulty was seen from second week onwards. Conclusion : Fatigue is transiently increased by radiotherapy before reaching pretreatment level after few weeks of completion of radiotherapy. QOL is also affected by fatigue which follows the same pattern.
Spindle cell sarcoma of esophagus: A rare case presentation
V Lokesh, T Naveen, YS Pawar
January-March 2010, 6(1):100-101
Sarcomas of the esophagus, including carcinosarcoma, are rare neoplasm cases and comprise 0.1-1.5% of all esophageal tumors. Leiomyosarcoma is the most common of the pure mesenchymal tumors of the esophagus, but sarcomas with combined histological types such as carcinosarcoma occur more frequently than pure sarcomas. We report a rare case of spindle cell sarcoma of esophagus in a 55-year-old woman, managed with radical radiotherapy alone.
PEComa of the lung
R Vijayabhaskar, Sanket S Mehta, Kedar K Deodhar, CS Pramesh, Rajesh C Mistry
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa), also called clear cell ''sugar'' tumor of the lung, is a rare benign tumor arising from perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). We report a case of a 15-year-old boy who presented with right lower lobe lesion which turned out to be a clear cell tumor of the lung. An [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) - positron emission tomography (PET) scan revealed mild FDG uptake in the lung lesion (SUV<1) with no active uptake elsewhere in the body. We discuss the clinical, radiologic and immunohistochemical features of clear cell ''sugar'' tumor of lung and compare them with published literature.
Paget disease of the male nipple
T El Harroudi, F Tijami, A El Otmany, A Jalil
Breast cancer occurring in the mammary gland of men is infrequent. It accounts for 0.8% of all breast cancers, which is less than one per cent of all newly diagnosed male cancers and 0.2% of male cancer deaths. However, Paget disease of the male nipple is extremely rare. We report a single case of Paget disease with infiltrative ductal carcinoma of the breast in a 61-year-old man.
Primary angiosarcoma of the breast in a postmenopausal patient
Vinayak S Rohan, Abhinandan M Hanji, Jayesh J Patel, Rajen A Tankshali
Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare entity forming 0.04% of primary breast tumors. It is a highly aggressive tumor with a high propensity for locoregional and distant metastasis. Surgery in the form of mastectomy or wide excision remains the cornerstone of treatment. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been tried with varying results.
Feasibility and safety of GliaSite brachytherapy in treatment of CNS tumors following neurosurgical resection
A Gabriella Wernicke, David L Sherr, Theodore H Schwartz, Susan C Pannullo, Philip E Stieg, John A Boockvar, Jana Ivanidze, Jennifer A Moliterno, Bhupesh Parashar, Samuel Trichter, Albert M Sabbas, Dattatreyudu Nori
Purpose: To investigate feasibility and safety of GliaSite brachytherapy for treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumors following neurosurgical resection. We report mature results of long-term follow-up, outcomes and toxicity. Materials and Methods: In the period from 2004 to 2007, 10 consecutive adult patients with recurrent, newly diagnosed, and metastatic brain malignancies underwent GliaSite brachytherapy following maximally safe neurosurgical resection. While 6/10 (60%) patients were treated for recurrence, having previously been treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), 4/10 (40%) received radiotherapy (RT) for the first time. A median dose of 52.0 Gy (range, 45.0 - 60.0 Gy) was prescribed to 0.5 cm - 1.0 cm from the balloon surface. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria were used to assess toxicities associated with this technique. Follow-up was assessed with MRI scans and was available on all enrolled patients. Results: Median follow-up was 38 months (range, 18 - 57 months). Mean size of GliaSite balloon was 3.4 cm (range, 2.0 - 4.0 cm). Median survival was 14.0 months for the entire cohort after the treatment. The 17.6 and 16.0 months average survival for newly diagnosed and recurrent high grade gliomas (HGG), respectively, translated into a three-month improvement in survival in patients with newly diagnosed HGG compared to historical controls (P = 0.033). There were no RTOG grades 3 or 4 acute or late toxicities. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging did not identify radiation necrosis. Conclusions: Our data indicate that treatment with GliaSite brachytherapy is feasible, safe and renders acceptable local control, acute and long-term toxicities. We are embarking on testing larger numbers of patients with this treatment modality.
18 F-FDG avid lesion due to coexistent fibrous dysplasia in a child of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: Source of false positive FDG-PET
Sandip Basu, NS Baghel, Ajay Puri, Tanuja Shet, NH Merchant
With increasing use of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) in the current oncological practice, there is a growing body of evidence of false positive scans due to various benign conditions. In this communication we present intensely avid 18 F-FDG uptake in fibrous dysplasia of right tibia in a 12-year-old child suffering from embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) that could have been easily mistaken to be a metastatic focus if not carefully correlated. The patient was a case of ERMS (presenting with left cervical mass with intrathoracic extension) who was treated successfully with chemotherapy and was referred for FDG-PET to evaluate the disease status. His whole body survey was unremarkable except for an intensely avid FDG uptake (SUV max 8.5) in shaft of right tibia. The scan was extended up to foot in view of the fact that a prior bone scan had shown a focal uptake in the similar location. Efforts were undertaken to elucidate the exact etiopathology of the aforementioned 18 F-FDG uptake because the rest of the whole body survey was unremarkable. A plain radiograph (both anteroposterior and lateral views) of the right tibia showed patchy sclerosis involving the middle diaphysis of the right tibia suggesting a fibrous defect. The computed tomography (CT) scan of the same region showed cortical thickening and increased density within the medullary cavity in the shaft of the tibia. A histopathological diagnosis was sought for and the lesion was subsequently proven to be fibrous dysplasia by histopathology of the bone piece obtained from the right tibial lesion by J needle biopsy. The present case is a useful addition to the current body of literature of false positive 18 F-FDG-PET study due to a benign skeletal pathology and underscores the importance of high index of suspicion and careful clinicoradiopathologic correlation, whenever one comes across such an unusual PET finding.
Malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor of the vulva in an adult
H Narendra, Satadru Ray, Lakshmi Rao, V Geetha
Sarcomas of the vulva account for only 1-3% of all vulvar malignancies. Most common vulvar sarcomas are leiomyosarcomas, malignant fibrohistiocytomas, and aggressive angiomyxomas. Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) of the kidney is a distinctive clinicopathological entity that is recognized as a highly aggressive renal tumor of childhood. Extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumors have been proposed to exist at several sites, including soft parts. MRT of the vulva is a rare and very aggressive neoplasm. Median survival reported in other studies is 9 months. Only 10 cases have been reported thus far in the English literature. We are reporting the 11 th case who remains disease free 30 months following surgery and radiotherapy till the time of reporting.
Pulmonary metastasis from renal synovial sarcoma treated by stereotactic body radiotherapy: A case report and review of the literature
Tejinder Kataria, Nandigam Janardhan, Ashu Abhishek, Gautam K Sharan, Swarupa Mitra
Primary synovial sarcoma of kidney is an uncommon neoplasm, metastasizing most commonly to lung. Surgery and/or palliative chemotherapy for pulmonary metastases is commonly used to improve tumor control and survival. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a relatively new approach to treat pulmonary metastasis, encouraged by the results of cranial and spinal stereotactic radiosurgery. The local control and toxicity profile of patients with pulmonary metastasis treated with SBRT are comparable to pulmonary metastatectomy. Furthermore, with advancement of imaging techniques, immobilization techniques, tumor-tracking techniques, and treatment planning and delivery system, SBRT can now be alternatively employed for the treatment of pulmonary metastasis as a comparable substitute to surgical resection.
High-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy as primary therapy for prostate cancer: Report on dosimetry aspects and acute toxicity in the Indian scenario
Sandeep De, Venkatesan Kannan, Sudesh Deshpande, Vivek Anand, Yogesh Ghadi
Background and Purpose: Dose escalation improves local control in prostate cancer. In this study we assess the feasibility of dose escalation to prostate and / or seminal vesicles to 76 Gy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT); report data on dosimetry and acute toxicity in 40 patients at P. D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Center, Mumbai. Materials and Methods: In the period from May 2006 to September 2008, 40 consecutive patients with localized prostate adenocarcinoma (T1- 3 N0) were definitively treated with IMRT to a dose of 76 Gy / 38 fractions. Patients were seen on a weekly basis during treatment, and one month (M1) and three months (M3) thereafter. The radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) toxicity scale was used to evaluate acute gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities. Additional symptoms such as rectal blood loss, urgency, dysuria, urinary frequency, nocturia, incontinence were scored as well. Results: All 40 patients completed treatment successfully. Acute RTOG Grade 1 and Grade 2 GI toxicities were noted in 47.5% (19 patients) and 12.5% (five patients) respectively, leaving 40% (16 patients) free of any acute toxicity. Thirty-six (90%) and four patients (10%) had Grade 0-1 and Grade 2 acute RTOG-scaled GU toxicity respectively. There was no Grade 3 or higher GI / GU toxicity. Conclusions: The escalated dose of 76 Gy to the prostate with IMRT was very well tolerated by all our patients with acceptable acute GU and GI toxicity, thereby, establishing the feasibility of dose escalation in the Indian scenario.
[ABSTRACT] [FULL TEXT] [PDF] [PubMed]
Breast hamartoma with intrathoracic extension in a 13-year-old boy
Shilpi Singh Gupta, Onkar Singh, Ankur Hastir, Gaurav Arora, Glossy Sabharwal, Harshit Mishra
Breast hamartoma is a rare tumor that has been reported only thrice in a male breast. The pediatric age group is seldom involved. We present a case of breast hamartoma in a 13-year-old boy, which interestingly, extended through but without definite involvement of the chest wall into the thoracic cavity. In view of occasional recurrence and documented malignancy in hamartomas, tumor was excised along with two ribs.
Effect of inhomogeneities and source position on dose distribution of nucletron high dose rate Ir-192 brachytherapy source by Monte Carlo simulation
RM Chandola, S Tiwari, MK Kowar, V Choudhary
Background: The presence of least dense dry air and highly dense cortical bone in the path of radiation and the position of source, near or far from the surface of patient, affects the exact dose delivery like in breast brachytherapy. Aim: This study aims to find out the dose difference in the presence of inhomogenieties like cortical bone and dry air as well as to find out difference of dose due to position of source in water phantom of high dose rate (HDR) 192 Ir nucletron microselectron v2 (mHDRv2) brachytherapy source using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation EGSnrc code, so that the results could be used in Treatment Planning System (TPS) for more precise brachytherapy treatment. Settings and Design: The settings and design are done using different software of the computer. Methods and Materials: For this study, the said source, water phantom of volume 30 x 30 x 30 cm 3 , inhomogeneities each of volume 1 x 2 x 2 cm 3 with their position, water of water phantom and position of source are modeled using three-dimensional MC EGSnrc code. Statistical Analysis Used: Mean and probability are used for results and discussion. Results : The % relative dose difference is calculated here as 5.5 to 6.5% higher and 4.5 to 5% lower in the presence of air and cortical bone respectively at transverse axis of the source, which may be due to difference of linear attenuation coefficients of the inhomogeneities. However, when the source was positioned at 1 cm distance from the surface of water phantom, the near points between 1 to 2 cm and 3 to 8 cm. from the source, at its transverse axis, were 2 to 3.5% and 4 to 16% underdose to the dose when the source was positioned at mid-point of water phantom. This may be due to lack of back scatter material when the source was positioned very near to the surface of said water phantom and overlap of the additional cause of missing scatter component with the primary dose for near points from the source. These results were found in good agreement with literature data. Conclusion: The results can be used in TPS.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the neck with an aggressive and fatal course
Sanju Cyriac, David Praveenkumar, Urmila Majhi, T Gnana Sagar
Dendritic cell neoplasms are rare malignancies described with an increased frequency. They often involve the lymph nodes, but extranodal presentations are also described. The disease often has an indolent course. Surgery is the main modality though chemotherapy and radiation have also been tried. We present here a case of a 69-year-old male diagnosed to have follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the neck which had a rapid and fatal course inspite of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. More studies are required to assess the biology of this rare tumor.
Late solitary testicular metastasis from rectal cancer
Ramachandran Venkitaraman, Mathew George, Suranga Weerasooriya, Sid Selva-Nayagam
Isolated testicular metastasis from rectal cancer is rare. We describe the case of a patient who presented with a locally advanced rectal malignancy and underwent multimodality treatment with low anterior resection, postoperative radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. He developed a painless testicular nodule while on follow-up, five years after the diagnosis of primary rectal cancer. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of orchidectomy specimen were compatible with a metastatic adenocarcinoma of rectal origin. We hypothesize that this phenomenon of isolated relapse in a sanctuary site could be due to the altered biology and pattern of metastasis as a result of effective adjuvant systemic chemotherapy. Treatment of late isolated relapse in the testis needs to be ascertained.
Bilateral testicular metastasis from prostatic adenocarcinoma mimicking an intertubular pattern of seminoma and expressing Rhamm
Santosh Menon, Sumeet Gujral, Ganesh Bakshi, Hemant B Tongaonkar
Adenocarcinoma of prostate metastasizing to testis is a rare occurrence and is incidentally detected in orchiectomy specimens. The pattern of metastasis may mimic a primary neoplasm of testis like a seminoma or lymphoma and pose a diagnostic difficulty for the pathologist. A rare case of bilateral testicular metastasis of prostatic adenocarcinoma is presented wherein the metastatic cells expressed CD168, a receptor for hyaluronan mediated motility (Rhamm), implicated in the development of androgen independence in prostate cancer.
Survey of undergraduate medical students on their understanding and attitude towards the discipline of radiotherapy
Daya Nand Sharma, Goura Kishor Rath, Akhil Parashar, Prashant Singh
Aim : The discipline of radiotherapy (RT) in India is considered a low priority subject. Postgraduate (PG) students rarely choose RT as a career option. The possible reasons could be: 1) limited availability of PG course training centers, 2) limited job prospects, etc. We decided to conduct a survey of undergraduate (UG) medical students to find out their awareness, understanding, and attitude toward the subject of RT. Materials and Methods : A simple 12-point questionnaire was designed to assess the level of awareness, understanding, and attitude. It was handed over personally or sent by e-mail or post to UG students of various medical colleges in India. The data provided by respondents was analyzed. Results : During the period from January to June 2008, 400 questionnaires were distributed. A total of 155 respondents sent their responses. Twenty-eight of them (18%) opined that RT is not a part of the bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery (MBBS) curriculum at their institute. About 84% replied that not more than 10 theory lectures/practical classes are assigned to RT during the entire UG period. About one-third of the respondents stated that there are no separate clinical postings for RT. According to 54% of the respondents, RT is still a low priority subject in the PG setting and the majority (70%) thought that inadequate exposure at the UG level and lack of awareness about the current prospects of RT are the main reasons for this. Conclusion : The results of our survey indicate that the RT is still a low priority subject in India, mainly due to the poor exposure to the discipline and low awareness of the subject of RT during the UG program. The Medical Council of India (MCI) needs to ensure that adequate importance is given to RT in the MBBS curriculum so as to enhance awareness regarding the subject and increase exposure to this specialty.
Fatal non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia after esophagectomy
Sajid S Qureshi, Rakesh S Neve, Sudip A Raina, Rajesh C Mistry
Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is a disorder with an extremely high mortality. Salvage of affected patients requires early recognition and aggressive intervention to prevent intestinal gangrene. We present a case of NOMI developing after esophagectomy and discuss the pathophysiology diagnosis and therapy.
Alveolar soft part sarcoma of the retro peritoneum
Fan Yu Xin, Netra Rana, Zhang Ming, Yu Bo Lang
Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma (ASPS), also called Alveolar Soft-Tissue Sarcoma, is a rare type of soft-tissue neoplasm with a poor long term prognosis. Such tumors originating in the retro peritoneal space are extremely rare. In this article we discuss a 34-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital with an increasing mass in her left lower abdomen. Ultrasonography and conventional Computed Tomography revealed a large hard mass occupying the left retroperitoneal space with a clear border. The pathological diagnosis was ASPS.
Capecitabine and sixth cranial nerve palsy
Sonali Dasgupta, Chineme Adilieje, Amlan Bhattacharya, Bruce Smith, Moeen ul Haq Sheikh
Capecitabine is an oral chemotherapeutic agent converted to 5 flourouracil (5-FU). Neurotoxicity associated with the medication encompasses both central and peripheral nervous systems. We describe a 60 year old man with colonic carcinoma who developed diplopia due to a sixth nerve palsy following the use of capecitabine which is an orally administered prodrug of 5-FU. An MRI of brain did not reveal a space occupying lesion or vascular insult to account for his cranial nerve palsy. The sixth nerve palsy resolved spontaneously once capecitabine was withdrawn. Physicians in all walks of life are increasingly likely to come across such patients and should familiarize themselves with toxicities consequent to chemotherapy. Further research is needed to elucidate the cause of capecitabine associated neurotoxicity.
Synchronous multicentric giant cell tumor
Ranjana Bandyopadhyay, Saumitra Biswas, Sanjay K Bandyopadhyay, MM Ray
Multicentric giant cell tumors represent less than 1% of all giant cell tumors of bones. We report a case of multicentric giant cell tumors around both the knee joints in a mentally and physically challenged adult male that resulted in rapidly progressive painful swelling, restricted mobility and, ultimately, fixed deformity. These tumors had typical radiological appearance and the diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology.
Workload modeling for teletherapy unit
Abhijit Mandal, Anupam Kumar Asthana, Rashmi Singh, Lalit Mohan Aggarwal
Aims : This study aims to derive a radiotherapy workload model using a prospectively collected dataset of patient and treatment information from a teletherapy treatment unit. Materials and Methods : Information about all individual radiotherapy treatment was collected for two weeks from the Phoenix unit in our department. This information included diagnosis, treatment site, treatment time, fields per fraction, technique, use of blocks and wedges. Data were collected for two weeks (10 working days) in January 2008. During this time, 45 patients were treated with 450 fractions of external beam radiotherapy in Phoenix unit. Results : The mean fraction duration, irradiation time and setup time were 9.55 minutes, 1.84 minutes and 7.66 minutes respectively. A mathematical workload model was derived using the average fraction duration time, total irradiation time and setup time of different types of treatment. A simple software program (Workload Calculation Chart) was also constructed in Microsoft Excel using the derived algorithm. The model based software program was tested and applied for one year and found that it can be used effectively to describe workload of teletherapy unit. Conclusion : Proposed methodology for workload modeling of teletherapy unit and the workload calculation software is very effective to quantitatively plan/calculate the optimal workload which will satisfy both the patient care administrator and radiation therapy technologists.
Percutaneous transfemoral repositioning of malpositioned central venous access device: A report of two cases
Ashutosh Chauhan, Kamal Pathak, Manomoy Ganguly
Placement of long term central venous access devices (CVAD) such as chemo ports and Hickman's catheters are associated with a definite risk of catheter tip malpositioning. As such, malpositioning runs a risk of venous thrombosis and related complications; it is imperative to reposition the catheter. Percutaneous transfemoral venous approach has been described as a minimally invasive and safe method for the repositioning. We present two cases in which the CVAD implanted in one subclavian vein got malpositioned in contra lateral subclavian vein. A percutaneous transfemoral venous approach utilizing 5 Fr angiographic catheter was successful in repositioning of the catheters in both cases.
INVITED EDITORIAL
Evolution of radiation oncology: Sharp gun, but a blurred target
Anusheel Munshi, Jai Prakash Agarwal
January-March 2010, 6(1):3-4
[FULL TEXT] [PDF] [CITATIONS] [PubMed]
In search of human face for health care
Nagraj Huilgol
[FULL TEXT] [PDF] [PubMed]
The Oncology Knowledge Bank
Sapna Gupta


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Part 3…..
Posted on July 17, 2015 AuthorRichieLeave a comment
As evidence against Freemasonry, this account is difficult to assess. Sceptics would stress that the alleged incidents took place more than fifty years ago, might have been much exaggerated in the original telling and are recollected here by a son who might be spicing up his father's account. No documents have survived and we have no proof the 'villans' were Masons. A lawyer would dismiss it all as 'triple hearsay'. However, Ivor Morrish is a respected author of numerous teaching textbooks and a lifelong educationalist. He is unlikely to have invented so much detail. His father was a man of unquestioned integrity, and outstanding instructor, and deeply trusted by Lord Trenchard who was this century's greatest police reformer. As such, Reg Morrish's perceptions of Freemasonry should not be lightly discarded. What is more, they marry only too convincingly with the incontrovertible evidence revealed when scores of corrupt detectives were investigated in the 1970's. The full story of Metropolitan Police corruption at the time is told in The Fall of Scotland Yard, a book which I co-authored in 1977 with Barry Cox and John Shirley.(4) Here I isolate the Masonic aspects of the scandal.
In 1977 three Old Bailey trials revealed the tip of an iceberg of corruption in London's CID. Thirteen detectives were jailed, including two commanders, one chief superintendent and five inspectors. In the course of the investigation it emerged that most were Freemasons. The probablility is that they were all 'on the square'.
One trial focused on the Flying Squad, once legendary for its detective brilliance but now notorious for having a commander, Ken Drury, who was 'on the take' (cash, gifts, entertainments and holidays) from a professional criminal and pornographer, Jimmy Humphreys. The other trials revolved around the Obscene Publications Squad. It emerged that Craft membership was a prerequisite for any detective who wanted a share of the rich pickings to be extorted from London's profiteering pornographers.
The 'Porn Squad' was at that time a unit within the CID's central office, known as C1. Getting into this team was a prestigious step up for any detective, but selection was largely in the gift of the C1 commander or the superintendent heading the squad. From 1964 until 1972 it's eminence grise was Det. Chief Supt. Bill Moody who has a unique claim to infamy in the history of Scotland Yard. While heading one of the biggest-ever investigations into police corruption he was simultaneously collecting huge bribes from the dirty booksellers of Soho, London's notorious vice district.
Moody's extraordinary double life is revealed in The Fall of Scotland Yard. The essential details are that in 1977 he was convicted of conspiring to take money from pornographers over an eight-year period. Moody was convicted on sample charges, one of which involved a payment of 14,000 Pounds. The trial showed that for some years he had been pocketing annual kickbacks worth 40,000 Pounds. His pay-off at the Old Bailey was twelve years' imprisonment.
Bill Moody was an ardent Freemason, so ardent that he took some of his pornographer friends to his Masonic gatherings. One was Ron 'the Dustman' Davey whom he had met at another pornographer's birthday party in Trader Vic's Restaurant in the Hilton Hotel. In 1975 Davey was questioned by officers who had been appointed to investigate the porn squad's corruption. He told them he came to know Det. Sgt Cyril Jones (later sentenced to seven years in jail) through Moody's Masonic functions.
I have been to numerous of these and in fact Bill introducted me into his lodge. It has been put to me that I booked a coach on the following dates – 6.11.69 to Derry and Toms (10 people); 17.11.69 to Top Rank Suite, Croydon (12 people); 25.9.71 Regent Street. All were masonic functions at which I was a guest. Normally present were Bill Moody, Cyril Jones, 2 other police officers [whom Davey names] and our wives. I am quite sure there were many more outings.
It was part of Bill Moody's discredited defence that he had no idea Ron Davey was a pornographer. If so, he had overlooked Ron's conviction and a six-month jail term in 1960 for publishing 744 improper photographs of men and 105 of women. This fact was available to Moody not simply as head of the Obscene Publications Squad; he would have read about it inNews of the World, for the newspaper had revealed how Davey was arrested in his darkroom with 2,486 dirty photographs. At another of his premises, police discovered 15,000 pornographic negatives and 15,000 snaps. Ron's home was an Aladdin's cave of naked lads. As the magistrate packed him off to prison, he told Davey he did not suppose anyone had ever before seen 'such a vast volume of absolute filth'.
Davey had been a pornographer for three years, after eight years working as a dustman. In 1975 when giving evidence against Bill Moody, he described himself as a 'maintenance engineer'. I have been unable to discover which of these three occupations he disclosed when applying for membership of the Craft.
Masonic activities in the dirty book trade went far beyond coach parties of pornographers, policemen and their wives living it up on the town. When Scotland Yard's anti-corruption squad went digging into the porn squad's later years, all sorts of Masonic connections emerged. One prosecution witness was Frank R. Andrews, who spent three years in the porn squad as a detective constable. When Moody recruited him in 1965, he already knew that everybody posted there immediately bought new cars or expensive houses. In short, he said, they 'sprouted wealth'.
Andrews was introduced to the system of another witness, D.C. Ernie Culver, himself later convicted of a cheque fraud. Culver explained how bribe moneys were shared out. Andrews recalled one chat with him about a forthcoming Masonic Ladies' Night.
He said words to the effect, 'Have you got enough money for the new dress for your wife?' I indicated that I didn't want any help but he then handed me a brown envelope aned said, 'Put that towards the cost of a new dress for your wife.' I did not want the money and decided to ditch it in a nearby waste-paper bin. We attended the ladies' evening as planned. Bill Moody was there with his wife and another sergeant.
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Book of Night
Tor Books, 2022.
Hardcover. A delicious, dark, adrenaline rush of a book. I'm already dying to see Charlie Hall's next con. - New York Times bestselling author, Alix E. Harrow #1 New York Times bestselling author Holly Black makes her stunning adult debut with Book of Night, a modern dark.....
Blavatsky, H. P.
Isis Unveiled: A Master-Key to the Mysteries of Ancient and Modern Science and Theology; Volume I: Science & Volume II: Theology
New York: J. W. Bouton, 1887.
Early Edition. Hardcover. First published in 1877; this is among a Fifth Thousand published in 1887. Publisher's Catalogue at the end of Volume II includes Isis Unveiled (undated) in a new Fifth Edition with portrait of the author. In this, her first major work.....
Phoenix: Falcon Publications, 1983.
Second Printing. Paperback. With a commentary by Israel Regardie. In this poetic dialogue between a teacher (Marsyas) and his pupil (Olympas), the author describes his mystical path and final acceptance of the teachings of The Book of Law. 5-1/4 x 8-1/4", pictorial wrappers, 80pp. Rubbing to.....
Eight Lectures on Yoga
First Printing Thus. Paperback. First Falcon Press Printing, 1985. Introduced by Israel Regardie. Eight lectures, written in 1937, on Yoga. The publisher's description: "The first series of lectures is introdutory, and is entitled Yoga for Yahoos. The elements of Yoga are introduced, examined and demystified with a......
Three Great Hoaxes of the War: Blessed Are They That Have Not Seen and Yet Have Believed
Thame: Black Lodge Publishing / Mandrake Press, 1991.
Paperback. Black Lodge Booklets : No. 4. Crowley debunks three great hoaxes associated with World War One that follow the generally accepted lines of demarcation: that is, legend, prophecy, and miracle. Legend: 1.5 million Russian soldiers (with horses and artillery) were purported.....
DK; Lipscomb, Suzannah (Foreword by)
A History of Magic, Witchcraft, and the Occult
DK Publishing (Dorling Kindersley), 2020.
Hardcover. Discover the beguiling history of witchcraft, magic, and superstition through the centuries in this stunningly illustrated title.A History of Magic, Witchcraft and the Occult charts the extraordinary narrative of one of the most interesting and often controversial subjects in the world, covering everything from.....
Dolphin, Deon
Rune Magic Set: The Celtic Runes for Personal Transformation
Mill Valley, California: Deon Dolphin, RUNE MAGIC, 1987.
Rune Magic is a contemporary system of divination using the Anglo-Saxon definitions as a base. Where the Vikings had masculinized the runes, Rune Magic has brought back the feminine principle without eliminating the masculine. A specially marked cloth on which to cast.....
Gaiman, Neil (Story); Zulli, Michael (Art); Klein, Todd (Lettering & Script Adaptation)
The Facts in the Case of the Departure of Miss Finch (Signed)
Milwaukie, Oregon: Dark Horse Books, 2008.
First Edition. Signed by author Neil Gaiman in silver ink on black first free endpaper. First Edition, First Printing. In this magical graphic novel, Gaiman has imagined a subterranean circus attended by vampires, ringmasters, illusions, and the Cabinet of Wishes Fulfill'd. 6-3/4 x 10-3/8".....
Gosden, Chris
Magic: A History: From Alchemy to Witchcraft, from the Ice Age to the Present
Picador USA, 2021.
Paperback. An Oxford professor of archaeology explores the unique history of magic--the oldest and most neglected strand of human behavior and its resurgence today Three great strands of belief run through human history: Religion is the relationship with one god or many gods, masters of our lives.....
Hundley, Jessica (Editor); Grossman, Pam (Editor); Thunderwing (Designed by)
Witchcraft. the Library of Esoterica
Taschen, 2021.
Hardcover. Initiating readers in the fascinating and complex history of witchcraft, from the goddess mythologies of ancient cultures to the contemporary embrace of the craft by modern artists and activists, this expansive tome conjures up a breathtaking overview of an age-old tradition. Rooted in legend, folklore, and myth.....
Lindholm, Megan
Wizard of the Pigeons
Eugene, Oregon: Hypatia Press, 1993.
First Hardcover Edition. Hardcover. First hardcover edition of the work first published in paperback in 1986. Introduction by Elizabeth Anne Scarborough. Illustrations by Leslie Newcomer. In this fantasy novel set in Seattle, a homeless man named Wizard has the power of "Knowing" which allows him.....
The Young Merlin Trilogy: Passager; Hobby; & Merlin (3 Volume Set)
New York: Harcourt Brace & Company, 1996 - 1997.
First Edition. Hardcover. Merlin & Hobby are First Editions, First Printings. Passager is a Third Printing. The story of Merlin--from his abandonment in the woods of medieval England at the age of eight to the discovery of his powers at twelve.....
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Morning sunshine welcome aboard it will be very interesting to see what kind of plants you have. Glad to have you.
Thanks for that D-R-G, it's appreciated.
As far I know both South Africa and Romania have GMT+2 hours time.
I'd like to know some sorts ot tomatoes and peppers you grow in the garden.


The photo to the right shows the meat course. The water and red wine glass remain. This shows that there will be a salad course following the meat course.
The photo below shows a formal table setting. The elements include: individual salt and pepper, individual nut dish, candy dish and olives. The utensils show that there will be a seafood cocktail to begin, followed by a cream soup course. At this point the charger plate will be removed to prepare for the fish course and then the meat course. The salad course will be served after the meat course. There is a salad fork and salad knife. Dessert will be served and those utensils appear at the top of the plate beneath the place card and menu card. The water glass is always placed directly above the meat knife and the other glasses are arranged by size. In this case there is a cocktail glass for the champagne toast and a sherry glass for the soup course. White wine will be served with the the fish course and red wine with the meat course. Coffee service will be served with the dessert.
This formal setting to the left will have clear soup served for the soup course. Notice the cocktail glass was removed following the toast but the sherry glass remains for the soup course. In this example, there is a bread and butter plate. Though common in Europe, the bread and butter plate is not used on a formal table in the US because bread is not included in a formal menu. The utensils show that there will be a fish course following the soup course.
This is the fish course. Notice that the white wine glass and red wine glass remain on the table.


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Methodist Holds 2016 Service Award Banquet to Recognize Employees
By: Methodist Hospitals Last Updated: March 28, 2016
Methodist Hospitals honored 286 employees by recognizing their dedication and commitment to the mission of Methodist Hospitals at their annual Service Awards Banquet. The 2016 Service Award Banquet, honoring employees who have reached five-year service milestones of five years or longer. More than 400 people were on hand to celebrate the contributions these employees have made to the success of Methodist Hospitals.
At this event we also honor our Employee of the Year, Leader of the Year, Humanitarian of the Year, and Safety Star of the Year, for serving as exemplars of our values and vision. This year the winners of the awards were Emily Nieto, Employee of the Year; Rev. Dr. David Neville, Leader of the Year; Lisa Montagano, Humanitarian of the Year; and Jacqueline Cooper– Safety Star of the Year.
Methodist Hospitals' executive team and members from the Board of Directors personally thanked each employee for their years of service. This year's banquet celebration was held at the Avalon Manor in Merrillville on Friday, March 18, 2016.
Emily Nieto - Employee of the Year
Emily continually impresses others with her vivacious enthusiasm and always encourages others to do their very best to ensure quality care. She has an ability to make every patient experience unique. She has an unsurpassed ability to connect with patients, and her manager regularly receives unsolicited praise from past patients commending their outstanding level of service. She is a strong team- player mind-set, an enthusiastic embrace of change, the ability to work with minimal supervision and an unwavering commitment to exceeding the expectations of patients, their families and nursing leadership. Emily is a top performer who often volunteers for extra projects. For example, she has taken the lead on the Unit Based Excellence Team. She has also helped motivate and inspire her peers to create better workflow processes and improve patient outcomes, and is the unit Magnet representative working to educate staff on the Magnet Journey. She is a fairly new member of the Perinatal team whose presence every day is a reminder of how important a positive mind frame is in achieving a positive outcome.
Rev. Dr. David Neville - Leader of the Year
Rev. Dr. David Neville has been an important member of the Methodist Hospitals Family for more than a decade. In his daily life and service to Methodist Hospitals, he has been a constant model for all who wish to make service to others a life goal. He is an exceptional leader as well as a reliable teammate, and exudes both confidence and humility, both competence and compassion, both vision and a pragmatic approach.
With an unswerving commitment to patients, families, our employees and the community at large, he teaches by both word and example. He is a department director, a committee chair, a pastor, a coach, a friend and mentor to many both inside and outside the Methodist organization. When he made the choice years ago to leave the business world and follow the path illuminated by his faith, he made a decision that brought him to Methodist Hospitals.
Lisa Montagano - Humanitarian of the Year
Lisa has made helping others a priority not just in her career as a pediatric nurse but also in her commitment to volunteer and mentoring activities in the community. She has raised funds for the National Alliance on Mental Illness, and has worked with "The Modified Dolls", an organization dedicated to raising funds for a variety of causes and to changing stereotypes of tattooed and pierced women in the workplace. She mentors a group of runners training for half-marathons and works as a volunteer coach for "Girls on the Run", a group for girls in the 3rd through 8th grades that focuses on positive development through running, with the goal of building girls' confidence and establishing a lifetime appreciation of health and fitness. She is also a volunteer for the Crisis Text Line, where she has helped more than 150 texters deal with a wide variety of crises, ranging from suicidal thoughts, to sexual abuse, to substance abuse and eating disorders, enabling them to move from a hot moment to a cool calm.
Jacqueline Cooper - Safety Star of the Year
Jackie is recognized for her vigilance, questioning attitude and the actions she took to prevent patient harm. While on duty in the pharmacy, Jackie received a medication order for BCG, a rarely used medication for the treatment of early-stage bladder cancer, even though the patient's medical record did not note any history of bladder cancer. Rather than fill an order that she had questions about, she contacted the physician who had written the order and found out that the physician had not intended to order a medication at all but rather had wanted to order a lab test – a CBC, or complete blood count. The error that had occurred was a typo in the order for the CBC that had been auto-corrected by the electronic health record to BCG, turning the order for a lab test into an order for a cancer medication. Jackie's questioning attitude and critical thinking skills prevented the patient from being administered an unnecessary medication and from experiencing the potential side effects of that medication.
Posted: 23 hours ago on Twitter
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Issue 5 marks the final issue of Catalyst for 2018! We're getting reflective and thinking 'bout the past, the present and the future. It's also heading to the pointy end of the semester/year and people are feeling pretty tense. Use all this for your ideas!
This issue will be photography-based. Send your photography, or an explanation of the piece you intend to create, through the Google form https://bit.ly/2mR81cD or to rmitcatalyst@gmail.com to be featured in the magazine.
Provide a title and naming convention to credit – Name, title, year. Courtesy of … (if applicable).
Catalyst is RMIT's student magazine – produced and made by students for students to pick up around campus for free. We are unable to compensate contributors but do our absolute best to share and promote student work to a wider audience in print and online.


and lets see if we can make you a modern classic.
Red Rocket creates vibe-soaked guitars inspired by the tail lights on a '59 Caddy, the two-tone paint on a '51 Indian Chief dripping with chrome, neon on old diners and cover art from cool old pulp sci-fi magazines; guitars that look like they are from another era but feel like a finely detailed boutique instrument made just for you. We want to make you a guitar that feels like a comfortable old friend with a rich, complex tone that inspires you to keep exploring and expanding your playing; to take what is best from the last 80 years of electric guitars and bring it together to make you an instrument that helps you become a better player.
Once you decide to start, I ask for a 50% non-refundable deposit and the remainder on completion before shipping. Checks & Money Orders are great and I will gladly accept PayPal but ask that you cover the fee. I do my best to keep my prices reasonable because I want to get Red Rockets out to as many players as possible!
Shipping is $75 in the Cont. US, including full value insurance. Anywhere else, please get in touch for a shipping quote. I love international customers, I have happy customers in Japan, Singapore, Australia, Hong Kong, France, Norway, England, Germany, Iceland, Italy and of course, all over the US and Canada.
Your Red Rocket guitar is guaranteed against flaws in the materials and workmanship for the original owner for as long as I am a practicing professional luthier. It is assumed you will use normal standards of care and storage for fine wooden stringed instruments. Like all wooden instruments, it is sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity and you should treat and store it accordingly. I cannot warranty the finish except in extreme circumstances, as guitars are meant to be played and will eventually show signs of wear, this is a good thing. I cannot warranty the truss rod except in extreme circumstances, it can be very easily stripped and made useless, unless you are confident of your skills, I strongly recommend that you have a professional tech or luthier adjust it for you, NOTE the truss rod should not be used alone to try to adjust the action, that is not its purpose. All truss rods are tested and properly adjusted before shipping and should very rarely need adjusting. If you do choose to adjust it yourself, I very strongly recommend using the Stewmac.com "Gripper" truss rod wrench item# 6113-G For 4mm Allen nut, it is well worth the $10 investment. I cannot guarantee against misuse or abuse and reserve the right to repair, replace or refuse your warranty claim at my sole discretion. Guitar owner will pay all applicable shipping charges.
All that being said, I will do everything I can to make sure you love your new guitar and that it brings you many years of musical enjoyment. If you have questions or problems, please do not hesitate to get in touch with me through my website www.redrocketguitars.com or email me directly at matt@redrocketguitars.com.
I recommend using Eagle One Nanowax spray to polish and clean the body of your guitar, with a very soft flannel cloth (I have found microfiber cloths can leave micro-scatches). You can get a bottle of this for around $3 at any good auto supply store. I also recommend using "Guitar Honey" oil to clean and condition the neck and fingerboard, use sparingly – a little goes a long way. You can get this at any Guitar Center or good music store. If you have any questions on the care and feeding of your new Red Rocket, please get in touch.
If you have any problems with your guitar, I urge you to get in touch with me and give me a chance to make it right for you, there is nothing more important to me than having happy and satisfied customers that love their guitar so much they can't wait to show their friends! Thank you for your purchase, I hope your Red Rocket guitar becomes your favorite and lasts through many musical generations of your family.


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trending celebrity retro did-you-know
This Woman Earns $40,000 Yearly Working As A Professional Cuddler
Do you need a safe space to explore intimate connection in a platonic environment?
By Emma Shared
Robin Marie is not your average woman. She has a lot of love to give.
With so many people feeling touch-deprived, isolated, and lonely, Marie turned her focus where it was needed. She launched a career as a professional cuddler.
A cuddling session apparently has many benefits. A session can:
● Improve immunity
● Enhance mood
● Serve as an energetic elixir for all patients, especially those with chronic medical conditions
● Build self-esteem
● Increase trust and self-reliance
● Decrease anxiety and depression
https://www.facebook.com/robinthecuddlist/photos/779601092248837
On her website, Marie explains that "In sessions, I provide meaningful touch, connection, and a non-judgmental presence. You can look forward to a professional, comfortable, confidential cuddling experience. Whether it's cuddling, back scratches, watching a movie and snuggling up on the couch, or having dinner together, your sessions can be tailored to meet your needs. Additionally, I can join you for outings (dinner, movies, concerts, etc.) if you're interested in having a cuddle-friendly companion along for your fun activity!"
Making it very clear that the service she provides is non-sexual, Marie has disclosed that her salary is quite lucrative.
How much can one make annually as a 'cuddlist? Marie, who's touch is alleged to have a powerful and healing influence on people , brings in about $40,000 annually.
Marie became a cuddlist several years ago after realizing that she herself was touch-deprived.
"I really believe in the power of touch and how it can heal people," Marie said to FOX 4 . "It can be as simple as me sitting on the couch just sitting next to someone. It can be holding hands with someone all the way to we're laying horizontal on the bed and we are spooning."
Marie received her training from cuddlist , a site dedicated to this profession. Their training program teaches potential cuddlers everything they need to know about conducting safe, comfortable cuddling sessions for clients. The training is entirely online and is a requirement to become a Cuddlist. The price is to take the training course is $149.00.
With the pandemic creating some work barriers, Certified Cuddlists have found a way to adapt. "Although we are practicing social distancing right now, we can still practice connection," writes one cuddlist in the new 'Exclusively Virtual' section of their website. "Do you need a safe space to explore intimate connections in a platonic environment? Are you lonely? Would you like to experience connecting to another person in a non-judgmental, no-pressure setting? Do you need to practice speaking up for what you need?"
Marie now has about 30 clients, ranging in age from 20-75 years old, and she charges $80 an hour.
Marie admits therapeutic touch may not be for everyone, but she thinks – with time – it won't be as unconventional as it's presently considered.
"It's not going to be that long, maybe another 10 years or so, where it will be, 'Oh yeah, that person's a cuddler,' like you say 'That person's a massage therapist,' and I really look forward to that."


francesco paolo augusto calì o semplicemente frank calì o frankieboy new york 26 marzo 1965 new york 13 marzo 2019 è stato un mafioso statunitense presunto appartenente alla famiglia gambino, frank cali the reputed boss of the gambino crime family whose deep ties to the sicilian mafia made him a figure of influence and power in both new york and italy was fatally shot outside his , known as frank mr cali kept a low profile yet he met the same bloody fate as many of his predecessors on wednesday gunned down in the street, das calikartell span cartel de cali war ein zusammenschluss verschiedener kolumbianischer kokainproduzenten und schmuggler in der stadt cali. You can also save the inspirational image frank cali on the website swizzlesteve.com by clicking on the image, then selecting download by size:. Next will open the image link that you want, then please right-click select save as to save it.


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At 42, LaTroy Hawkins insists this will be his last season. He earned 23 of Colorado's 24 saves last season. [The Associated Press]
Lenny Ignelzi
Oft-injured stars get fresh start
The Rockies finally parted ways with longtime GM Dan O'Dowd, who presided over just four winning seasons in his 15 years in Denver, and senior vice president Bill Geivett, who had an office in the clubhouse in one of the more unusual setups in baseball.
But instead of going with an outsider, owner Dick Monfort promoted Jeff Bridich from player development director to GM. Bridich, a Harvard grad who looks at baseball from more of an analytical angle, didn't make splashy offseason moves.
Instead, he concentrated on adding experience and power to his rotation (Kyle Kendrick) and bullpen (John Axford, Jorge Rondon, Jairo Diaz, David Hale, Gus Schlosser).
Bridich was willing to listen to offers for oft-injured stars Troy Tulowitzki, Carlos Gonzalez and Justin Morneau, but wouldn't take less than full value.
So, the Rockies are happy to have all three back for a fresh start in 2015.
Colorado's biggest move over the winter was signing Nick Hundley, the veteran catcher who's expected not only to provide better defense behind the plate than Wilin Rosario did but also accelerate the progress of a relatively young pitching staff.
Rockies at a glance
7555 N Pima Rd, Scottsdale


You don't need to cut out all fat from your diet to eat in a heart-healthy way. But according to recent thinking, say Johns Hopkins researchers, you do need to know your good fats from the not-so-good kinds.
Fat has become a bad word in heart health, but it's more complicated than that. While it's true that carrying extra body fat is bad for you, the types of fats that come from different foods in the diet are not all the same. Your body needs dietary fats in order to function. And the new thinking is that trying to cut out all fats from your diet may actually be contributing to obesity.
"There's been a big shift in thinking about what makes a healthy diet," says Kerry Stewart, Ed.D., a professor of medicine in the cardiology division at The Johns Hopkins University. Research at Johns Hopkins and elsewhere shows that cutting out dietary fat alone doesn't have much of an impact on reducing cholesterol levels.
"People need fat, carbohydrates and protein—the major macronutrients—for good, balanced health," Stewart says.
One key to heart health is the type of fat you eat. All fats contain the same number of calories—nine calories per gram. But the three main types have different effects in the body.
Trans Fats: Just Say No-Red light: Trans fats, also called trans fatty acids, are best avoided because they raise blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels—the bad type—and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol—the good type—which in turn can adversely affect artery structure and function, leading to heart disease, heart attack and stroke. Trans fats are used largely in processed foods to add flavor, texture and a longer shelf life.
Saturated Fats: Here's the Skinny-Yellow light: Try to limit saturated fats to less than 10 percent of total daily calories. Found naturally in animal foods, saturated fats can elevate blood cholesterol. When you can, replace solid fats with liquid kinds, which are more likely to be the unsaturated "good" fats—think olive oil instead of butter. Choose low-fat, fat-free or skim varieties of dairy products over full-fat kinds. Pick cuts of meat that have less marbling, and remove skin from poultry.
Found in: Saturated fats are found in fatty meats, including beef, lamb, pork and poultry with skin; and whole, one per cent or two per cent milk, or dairy products made with these milks, including cheese, butter and ice cream. Saturated fats, like trans fats, tend to be solid at room temperature rather than liquid. Palm oil and coconut oil also contain saturated fats.
Unsaturated Fats: The Heart-Healthiest Kinds-Green light: It's best to eat the "good," or unsaturated, fats. The two main types are polyunsaturated and monounsaturated. These reduce the amount of LDL cholesterol in the blood, which can help lower the risk of heart disease. Polyunsaturated fats also deliver two types of fats that the brain and other parts of the body need but can only be obtained through the diet: omega-3 fatty acids—found in fish—and omega-6 fatty acids—found in nuts and seeds.
Bonus: Foods containing unsaturated fats tend to be high in protein.
Found in: Unsaturated fats are found in fish, especially fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, trout and herring; nuts; avocadoes; vegetable oils, including canola, olive and sunflower; tofu; soybeans; and flaxseed.


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Sudan court orders company to end military-ordered internet blackout
By Reuters News Service June 23, 2019 0129
Lieutenant General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, deputy head of the military council and head of Sudan's paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), attends a meeting in Khartoum, Sudan, June 18, 2019. REUTERS/Umit Bektas
A Sudanese court ordered telecoms operator Zain Sudan on Sunday to restore internet services, a lawyer said, after they were severed nearly three weeks ago when security forces dispersed protesters camping in central Khartoum.
Sudan's military rulers ordered the internet blackout as a security measure but it is harming the economy and humanitarian operations in the African nation of 40 million. The protesters are demanding the military hand power to a civilian authority.
Abdel-Adheem Hassan, a lawyer who filed his own case against Zain Sudan over the blackout, told Reuters the Khartoum District Court had ordered Zain to "immediately restore internet services to the country".
Sudanese courts do not confirm or deny their rulings to the media.
Zain Sudan, a subsidiary of Zain Kuwait and the largest operator in Sudan, was not immediately able to comment on the matter on Sunday. Hassan said a Zain representative had told the court in response to the petition that the company had been ordered verbally by "high authorities" to cut the internet.
Sudanese officials could not be reached for comment and it was unclear what impact Sunday's court order would have.
Authorities also restricted access to popular social media sites during 16 weeks of protests against veteran leader Omar al-Bashir earlier this year. Bashir was finally ousted on April 11.
"SEVERE" RESTRICTIONS
The current blackout, which began on June 3, has resulted in a "near-total loss of access" for mobile and fixed line connections for most ordinary users, though connectivity had improved from 2% to 10% of normal levels by last Thursday, said Alp Toker of NetBlocks, a digital rights NGO.
"Data indicate that Sudan's current internet restrictions remain more severe than those observed during the rule of Omar al-Bashir, including those applied in the final days of the regime," Toker said in an email.
The blackout has hampered the speed and effectiveness of humanitarian operations, said Rick Brennan, regional emergencies director at the World Health Organization (WHO).
Protesters have been demanding that authorities restore internet services as one of their conditions for returning to talks on forming a transitional administration comprising both civilians and military officers.
General Salah Abdel-Khaleq, a member of Sudan's Transitional Military Council, told the BBC Arabic service in an interview this month that internet services would be restored once those talks resumed.
The talks were suspended after security forces stormed the protest camp outside the Defence Ministry in central Khartoum on June 3. Protesters put the number of dead from that raid and ensuing violence at 128, and the health ministry at 61.
The protesters responded to the break-up of the sit-in by declaring a state of civil disobedience, instructing supporters in various sectors of the economy to stay away from work in a move that has partially paralysed Sudan.
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CyprusMail July 18, 2019 July 18, 2019
US lawmakers challenge Facebook over Libra cryptocurrency plan
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Johnson smashes record for most money raised by UK politician
After two escapes, 'El Chapo' may go to Supermax prison to avoid a third


Navy SEAL Kyle Matthews has been through hell and back after the death of his brother Nick. Now he's going rogue to bring down Miles Arrieta - the man responsible for Nick's death - before he can destroy the global economy. This time, Kyle won't stop until the threat has been contained - permanently. The only thing standing in his way is his dead brother's beautiful wife.
Special Agent Natalie Matthews is still coping with her husband's death when she receives orders to bring in Arrieta - alive. With her job on the line, she won't let anything stand in her way - not even her former husband's impulsive brother. Natalie's always been a master of disguises, but this time she'll have to hide the forbidden feelings she's having about Kyle if she wants to come out on top.
In their hunt to bring down the man at the heart of the terror network, Natalie and Kyle form a reluctant partnership that quickly sparks to life. But with different agendas and Nick's death between them, who knows where their loyalties lie.
overall i enjoyed this book (series). i think Matt Haynes is my 2nd favorite narrator. the fact these seals fell head over heals in such a short time was"silly/unrealistic" but the rest of the story was good.


The chapter provides a detailed description and critical discussion of Habermas' attempts to make the theory of communicative action and discourse ethics fruitful beyond the narrower moral and ethical realm and, conversely, to find confirmation for it in empirical theories. Habermas refers to the research areas of psychology and social evolution and to political and sociological issues around which the "Critical Theory of Society" is to take concrete form. Concerning psychology, he develops or adopts theories of ego-development, moral development and "communication pathologies". As it concerns social evolution he proposes theories of hominisation and socio-cultural evolution. In dealing with the political and sociological issues he is most productive, offering a theory of social order, his famous colonialisation thesis, his discourse theory of law and the constitutional state, and his theory of modernity.


New! Villa Alma, Lagos Del Mar, Punta Mita. Villa Alma was laid out and conceived to be easy to live in with almost everything within easy reach. With a large living area open to the kitchen and the back patio, guests are encouraged to come together to a common area for companionship and pleasure. Each bedroom was planned to allow the feel of a master suite with his and her sinks and walk in closets and full sliding doors opening to the outdoors. Decorating is warm, modern, simple and fresh. All sheets are 400 count or more and the kitchen is equipped with commercial appliances and amenities. The dining table indoors seats 8 and outdoors the patio table seats another 8.


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Andrew Schneider
For the journalist, see Andrew Schneider (journalist).
Andrew Schneider is an American screenwriter and television producer, whose credits include writing for The Sopranos, Northern Exposure, and Alien Nation. He frequently co-writes episodes with his wife, Diane Frolov. In 1992, Schneider won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series for his work on the Northern Exposure episode "Seoul Mates". The award was shared with Frolov as they co-wrote the episode.[1] Schneider was nominated for a Writers Guild of America Award for best dramatic series at the February 2008 ceremony for his work on the sixth season of The Sopranos.[2][3][4] Schneider was raised in a secular Jewish family.[5]
Television writer, television producer
Diane Frolov
^ "Emmy Award Past Winners". Academy of Television Arts and Sciences. 2008. Archived from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-20.
^ "2008 Writers Guild Awards Television & Radio Nominees Announced". WGA. 2007. Archived from the original on 19 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
^ Perry, Byron (2007-12-12). "WGA announce TV, radio nominees". Variety. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
^ "HBO tops WGA awards list with five noms". The Hollywood Reporter. 2007. Archived from the original on 2008-07-06. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
^ Jewish Daily Forward: "I'm Not a Jewish Doctor But I Play One on 'Chicago Med'" by Curt Schleier October 6, 2016
Andrew Schneider on IMDb
This article about an American screenwriter is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Schneider&oldid=858104952"


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Study London Official University Guide
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University of East London
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Why University of East London?
UEL is based in two sites in east London: one in Stratford near the London 2012 Olympic Park, and one in the Docklands, home to the O2 arena.
With a stunning waterfront setting, the Docklands campus is 25 minutes from London's West End. With cafes, restaurants and a bookshop, the campus also has a nursery for students with young children.
The £21m SportsDock opened in 2012, featuring indoor and outdoor pitches, courts and facilities, and fitness suites.
The Stratford campus has modern laboratories and computing facilities. Home to a restaurant, 24/7 library and cafe-bar, the campus is 15 minutes from London's West End.
Students can choose from more than 130 undergraduate and postgraduate degree programmes, ranging from accountancy, architecture or business, to sports coaching, theatre studies or toxicology.
UEL also offers an exciting range of short courses and work-based learning programmes.
With more than 4,000 students from outside the UK, UEL is a popular institution for international students.
The International Office offers a free programme to welcome new international students to London. This includes an airport pick-up service, as well as a variety of social events giving you the opportunity to meet other international students.
The university is renowned for providing international students with excellent support services. UEL was ranked number one in the UK for its visa advice and language support (International Student Barometer).
UEL is among London's leading universities for employability. Over 80% of UEL students go on to work or further study six months after finishing their studies.
The university has a vibrant international alumni network which helps students to stay in touch with each other after finishing their studies. Current international alumni groups organise social activities and provide good career networking opportunities.
UEL offers a variety of scholarships to international students.
What Students Say:
"It is hard work but it has been a dream so far. I am very happy with the teaching and facilities, especially the library. There is plenty of support available throughout your study and the employability team are great – offering advice on CV writing, mock interviews and updates on job opportunities."
Hassan Dore, Biomedical Science
20,406 students and 553 academic staff
More than 5,500 possible subject combinations
Opened in 2000, the Docklands campus was London's first new university campus to be built in over half a century and won acclaim for its iconic architecture and was short-listed for Building of the Year
4-6 University Way, Newham, E16 2RD
Hassan Dore, Biomedical Science:
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Award winning Supported Internship programme for Round Oak school students.
September 2013 was the start of a transformational journey for four Round Oak School students, as they embarked on a pioneering Supported Internship programme at National Grid in Warwick. The programme, 'EmployAbility Let's Work Together' was developed as a partnership project to support the future employment needs of young people with additional learning needs and disabilities.
Round Oak School is a broad spectrum special needs school for 11-19 year olds. As a school we are passionate about raising the ambition and aspiration of our students and providing sustainable support routes into employment. The current employment rate for people in the UK with additional learning needs and disabilities is just 7%. This figure is tragically low which is why, in partnership with National Grid, we have developed this programme.
In this pilot year our Interns, all of whom have a statement of special educational needs have spend a full academic year studying and working at National Grid House, Warwick. Students have been supported through a number of internships by two TSI trained job coaches. Placements have included Reception, Safety Sustainability and Resilience, Gas Transmission, Reprographics, Customer Liaison, Corporate Affairs and Information Systems. As well as working they have all studied for a BTEC in Skills for Life, Skills for Work as well as Functional Skills Maths and English.
The results of this programme have been nothing short of life changing for the Interns. They have grown hugely in confidence; have developed their social and emotional skills as well as developing some incredible work based skills. More than anything they now dare to have ambition and feel that they have the right to aspire to a fulfilling and successful future.
Philip Lockwood Jones, an Intern from Leamington Spa said, "When you have special needs doors close. This programme has given me the opportunity to show that I have got skills and abilities". Taurai Horton, another Intern also from Leamington Spa also added, "This programme has given us a platform to develop and learn important life skills in an environment like no other. The programmes impact on us has been life changing and will give us the best chance of leading a fulfilling and rewarding life".
In recognition of the success of this pilot year, the programme was shortlisted and then won the National Grid Chairman's Award for Inclusion and Diversity. One lucky Intern, alongside National Grid colleagues, was able to attend the Awards ceremony and received the award on behalf of the rest of the team. This was an incredible experience for the Intern, but also a public recognition of the immensely positive impact that this programme is having on the Interns, Round Oak School and National Grid.
Following such success the programme is set to grow, offering more Internship opportunities to students in the Coventry, Warwickshire and Hinckley area. Over the next few years we aim to expand this further afield to other National Grid sites across the country.
To the right are last year's Interns with their Chairman's award. From Left to right, Alex Morgan, Leamington Spa, Asif Ali, Coventry, Philip Lockwood-Jones, Warwick, Taurai Horton, Leamington Spa, Jonny Shaw, Warwick.
We are offering a one year course for students in their final year, enabling them to spend a year on site with an employer. This provides them with the skills, experience, knowledge and confidence to find paid employment at the end of the year.
During the year students learn about a variety of jobs and other employability skills, such as completing applications and having interviews. The students spend a small proportion of every day in a classroom and the rest of the day they are out working in various departments as trainees.
During this time they learn the transferable skills needed within the job market. The aim of the course is employment. The course includes a 'Work Skills' qualification (entry level 2 to level 2), or other appropriate qualifications included in the qualifications and credit framework.
The partners working with Round Oak School are National Grid (Warwick) and Warwickshire County Council.
The collaboration with these employers gives pupils the opportunity to be supported during their introduction to the workplace, with a real prospect of gaining employment by the end of the year.
Each year up to 9 students from Round Oak School and surrounding local authorities will enrol on the programme. There will be a well equip classroom on site at National Grid, where students are supported in the classroom by job coaches Amanda Onions and Tom Duxbury.
The project is designed to give students experience in both general and task-specific job skills. Students receive regular instruction in the workplace and are supported with independent living skills.
Pupils also learn valuable skills such as interview techniques and writing CVs, which prepares them with the skills required for the job market.
Only 7% of people with additional learning needs and disabilities are in employment.


People are searching for the best brands of dome cameras in the market today. You will find different kinds of them with amazing features. The key here is to choose the right one that could provide you the right protection without spending a lot of cash. Here are some of the names of dome cameras which you could choose from.
It is important that you find the right dome camera. This amazing product will surely provide you the best features ever when it comes to this home security system.
If you wish to get accurate and complete coverage of your place especially during the night then this dome camera will end your problems in no time at all. Great product!
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This dome camera will not only provide you the best image you need but also the price is very reasonable. Great deal!
It is essential that you choose a weatherproof dome camera that could withstand severe weather. With the features of this product, you will surely get what you've paid for.
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More and more consumers are looking for dome camera which they could use day and night. This product will certainly end their problems today.
Two thumbs up for this amazing product!
With its powerful night vision features, you will surely get the best bet in the market today with this dome camera.
You will surely love this amazing dome camera. Great value for your money as well!


1. Public sector spending to create value producing and ecologically sound careers which draw on peoples' full ranges of abilities, for all who want them. We cannot afford to waste our peoples' abilities, or to waste our people or our natural resources on things which accomplish nothing other than the making of money. Free access to post secondary education and vocational training for all who want it, because we need to fully develop the abilities of all of our people.
2. Single payer health care for all, which includes reproductive control.
3. Public sector housing and cost controlled housing for all who need it, so no one is without. A sufficient economic safety net so that no one falls through.
4. Return to the high tax rates on upper incomes which gave America its best economic years. The creation of a real estate appreciation tax, to take the profits out of land scalping and because this type of tax is the easiest to collect. Nationalization of the Banking System and strict regulation of all financial services.
5. Abolition of the Prison Industrial Complex, to be replaced with a system which favors crime prevention and does not try to use criminal enforcement to solve complex social problems. When there must be prosecution, there are to be fair trials, reasonable sentencing, and an emphasis on rehabilitation.
6. Rejection of Religions Fundamentalism and the Bible as a source of prescriptions, injunctions, truisms, or predictions of the future, because such is crazy making and serves only as a means of enslavement. Rejection of Born Again Christianity and notions of Conversion or of "Getting Saved" because such is an idolatrous, escapist, addictive denial system which is as harmful as heroin or cocaine. It prevents there from ever being justice because people become approval seekers. Celebration of Diversity and the rejection of conformist doctrines such as Libertarianism, Self-Reliance, American exceptionalism, or isolationism..
7. Rejection of the Recovery Movement, Motivationalism, and all forms of Sin and Salvation for dealing with substance addiction, poverty, homelessness, or destitution, as these are predatory schemes designed to oppress. Instead, obtain legal and financial redress for abuses suffered, and promote consciousness raising and political activism.
8. Rejection of all forms of Psychotherapy and instead consciousness raising and political activism. Recognition that mental illness is not an innate cause, but rather is the effect of abuse and degradation and that this is best dealt with by legal and financial redress. People will change when they can become active agents in their own liberation.
9. Legal and financial redress for all abuses and exploitation perpetrated by the family. A public guardian to ensure the well being, financial support, and rights of all children. Intervention as needed and always oversight.
10. Instead of supporting dictators, religions fundamentalists, and narcotics traffickers around the world in order to exploit resources and suppress popular movements, work to support education, sustainable economic development and democracy. End the policy of using military adventurism to create jobs and to take people out of the labor market. Discontinue the wreckless, wasteful and corrupt practice of military contractors.


Love Hanmer is located within a 10 minute walk of the beautiful Hanmer Springs Village. The large open plan living room and deck look out to the magnificent mountain range behind Hanmer Springs. The chalet is absolutely private and features an outdoor bath on the deck. Enjoy bathing under the stars, or curling up by the log fire with a book. The kitchen is fully equipped in case you choose to eat in. The master bedroom opens out to the deck and outdoor bath and also has an ensuite. There is also a main bathroom and laundry in the house.


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Semester start
Guest researchers
News archive for Department of Economics
Alumni of the month: Kent Zehetner (28.11.2019)
Visionary investor and advisor, thanks to his education at UiB in Economics and Information Science, he has learned to recognize the potential in companies and how to guide them to success. Now he looks back at his time as a student and sees what has shapen him into the professional he is today.
Ingar Haaland new post doc at Department of Economics (30.08.2019)
Mixed effects of parental leave benefits (23.11.2018)
The Scandinavian countries offer the world's most generous parental leave benefits. These policies aim both at helping mothers in the labor market, and at promoting infant well-being. But does it work?
Eirik S. Amundsen elected to a prestigious scientific academy (04.10.2017)
Professor Eirik S. Amundsen is one of a small number of Norwegian economists that have been elected to the prestigious academy, Academia Europaea.
Katrine Løken awarded ERC Starting Grant (07.09.2017)
The economist Katrine Vellesen Løken has been awarded the prestigious Starting Grant from the European Research Council.
How to regulate and tax the sharing economy (07.02.2017)
A Norwegian government committee looking at the sharing economy proposes that sharing platforms such as Uber, Airbnb and others should be subject to regulations and taxation.
Successful cooperation (29.09.2015)
A recent evaluation describes Centre for Competition Policy (BECCLE) as a success. The evaluation committee points out that the centre has a high activity level and cross-disciplinary collaborations which encourage solid research activities.
Youngest female Professor in Economics in Norway (17.02.2015)
Katrine Vellesen Løken (31) from the Department of Economics at the University of Bergen is now the youngest female Professor in Economics in Norway ever.
PhD Course: Experimental Economics and the Scottish Enlightenment (06.02.2015)
Prestigious research funding to the research talent Katrine Vellesen Løken (11.12.2014)
Associate Professor Katrine Vellesen Løken at the Department of Economics is one of the researchers at the University of Bergen who has been given a prestigious research funding throught the FRIPRO program for young research talents.
Economist wins Nobel Prize for his research on market power and regulation (14.10.2014)
– This proves that competition economics is a highly important field of research, says Professor Tommy S. Gabrielsen, general manager at BECCLE.
BECCLE hosts seminar with Gjermund Mathisen from the EFTA Surveillance Authority (ESA) (23.09.2014)
A growing role for economics in State Aid Control
Renmin University of China's School of Economics visits the Department of Economics (03.09.2014)
The Department of Economics and the Faculty of Social Sciences have hosted a meeting with delegates from Renmin University of China, School of Economics, to explore opportunities of student and staff exchange between the two universities.
Shelly Lundberg appointed to Honorary Doctor (23.08.2012)
Renowned researcher in Labour and Family Economics appointed to Honorary Doctor at the University of Bergen
Guests (05.03.2009)
This week three guest researchers has started their stay at Department of Economics.
Applied Health Economics (17.02.2009)
Doctoral Course, June 22 – July 3 2009 Department of Economics, University of Bergen
post@econ.uib.noUniversitetet i Bergen
Institutt for økonomi
Fosswinckelsgate 14 View campus map


If you are experiencing a problem with your water supply this may be due to frozen pipes caused by the extreme weather conditions we are currently experiencing. If your neighbours are not affected, this is likely to be the case.
To resolve this you will need to apply gentle indirect heat to the pipe near your stop tap.
This can be done with either a warm towel, hot water bottle, or alternatively with a hairdryer on a very low setting. This needs to be done from the pipe nearest to your internal stop tap first of all.