Check out some of these resources to start to identify the teen job for you.
Employers know that because this is your first job you will most likely need to be handled with patience. However they are investing not in your experience but in the potential experience you will acquire. Therefore don't be intimidated by the fact you don't have experience, let them know that it's actually to their advantage. You can be molded into the best worker if they give you the chance. If you demonstrate you are hardworking and motivated they'll be a lot more likely to hire you, even without the experience. Although having a fluffed up resume looks good on paper you can ensure the employer you have what it takes to develop those sort of skills.
Get prepared with your resume and tips for your interview below.
If you have an idea of a potential job interest it is a lot easier to focus your search and find one that you will be content with. If you know more or less what area you are looking for a job you can do the research to find an opening instead of just searching for whichever opportunity comes you way. For example, if you know you want to work in the clothing and fashion industry you can begin asking around in different local boutiques, print out a resume and them out, and look in windows for any "Position open" signs. These opportunities exist, but if you aren't paying attention and don't know where to look your ideal first job could pass you by.
If your having a hard time landing a job because of your age see our resources below for ideas.
You can also look in local newspapers for ideas of where to apply. Different advertisements can give you different clues of what areas of town to look in, who is hiring and what the style of that particular store is. Image has a lot to do with whether you will get hired. It sounds superficial, but if you are decked out in Goth clothing and go to a Lily Pulitzer store there's a good chance you're not going to get hired, even if you were to have the most impressive resume in the world. You have to be aware of the type of person the store you want to work looks for and modify your image a little to fit that. If a store is extremely conservative do not go in with your resume in sandals and a belly shirt.
Find more resources below on where to find jobs and tips for making work life easier.


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Earlier this summer I took time off work to help out with childcare and to spend some time with my two sons, while their regular child-minder took a much needed and deserved holiday. It turns out that my wife and I had … let's call them 'divergent' … ideas as to what constitutes a 'fun day out' for the children. She does things like making aliens out of cardboard boxes and tissues, providing home-made playdough (called 'squashy' in our house), and building temporary housing for our garden snails (a snail aquarium, or 'snailarium', if you will). I, however, appear to have a different idea of 'fun'. My tendency is to stick the kids in the car and head out in search of ice-cream, bacon, and archaeological sites … though not necessarily in that order. Results are variable, but we more often than not have a great time looking at interesting sites (and playing hide & seek), arriving home tired, bedraggled, and smelling suspiciously of pork products. This year my plan was to take them west – to beautiful, wonderful, Fermanagh – in search of island experiences.
On one of these excursions, we passed through Clogher. Today it seems like a relatively ordinary Tyrone village, but it appears to have been a place of importance, on the intersection of major route ways, from antiquity. Clogher Hillfort probably dates to at least the Late Bronze Age and the complex includes a ring barrow, a possible inauguration mound, along with the banks and ditches of the Hillfort 'proper'. Excavations by the wonderful Richard Warner in the 1970s, though sadly unpublished, allowed the recovery of numerous high status artefacts including portions of decorative metalwork and exotic pottery. By tradition, the nearby monastic foundation was founded by St. Aedh Mac Cairthinn (c. 430–505 AD), an early disciple of St. Patrick. The site was later recognised as an episcopal see, and it retains its status in the 18th century Cathedral Church of Saint Macartan.
In all the years I worked in field archaeology in Northern Ireland, I spent quite a lot of them 'out west', in Tyrone, Fermanagh, Derry/Londonderry, and Cavan. I that time I passed through Clogher on more times than I can count – maybe as many as a thousand times … well, going each way every day for months at a go certainly racks up the numbers! In that time, I believe, I only stopped in Clogher once – in the company of the Historic Monuments Council when we stopped to visit Clogher Hillfort. Most of the other times I was rushing to get to work or rushing to come home – never a chance to stop and see the Early Christian High Crosses! This occurred to me on our first summer excursion as I passed through with my boys in the back of the car, moving with all legal velocity towards the delights of Fermanagh. This time, as we passed, I noted that the church appeared to have replaced its gates in the relatively recent past – they're certainly newer, shinier, and taller than I remembered them. I'll write about where we went in Fermanagh on some other occasion, but on the way home, I decide to stop the car and see if we could get into see the crosses. I parked, and explained with much enthusiasm to my young sons that (if we could get in) we were going to see a couple of very old crosses. In fairness, they had been tramping about Fermanagh since early morning and their patience was … 'thin'. It was only when I offered a bribe of (more) ice-cream they reluctantly agreed to follow me. With refreshments purchased, we made our way up to the gates, only to find them locked and barred. Even over the cacophony of the passing traffic, I perceived the sound of knocking. After some blank-faced searching, I spotted an elderly lady in one of the first-floor windows on the far side of the road. Once she was sure she had acquired my attention, she made a series of hand-gestures that I understood to mean 'go around to the left, there is another entrance there'. I now realise that this was the wrong interpretation of whatever she meant. Instead, we ended up on the grounds of Saint Macartan's Nursing Home, explaining our situation to a member of the Sisters of Mercy. Unfortunately, there was no entrance on that side and there never had been. The very lovely and kind Sister looked at us three tired and bedraggled travellers, and offered us refreshment. Not wanting to put her to any trouble I, of course, declined. My beautiful sons had, it appears, not read the same manual of etiquette as I, and protested loudly … even more so when they learned that biscuits would also be forthcoming. That was how my sons and I spent a very pleasant late afternoon in Clogher – sipping ice-cold MiWadi orange drink, crunching on biscuits, and passing the time with a delightful nun who made a great fuss over my (suddenly) shy boys. We didn't get to see the crosses and, if truth be told, I didn't particularly mind either.
We may have missed seeing the crosses, but I'd not forgotten them.
A week or two later the whole family was heading west in search of another Fermanagh island experience. As we passed through Clogher, I instinctively glanced to my left at the new gates, giant and impenetrable. Only this time … they were … OPEN!! There was only one thing to do! I dropped anchor and hurriedly pulled the car into the side at the nearest available spot, spraying gravel and divots in my wake. As no one else was interested in accompanying me up the tiny to non-existent pavement, against the prevailing traffic, I grabbed my camera and went for it. As I suddenly faced a very large and fast-moving Scania truck bearing down on me as I rounded the corner, I rather though that I had made a particularly poor decision in attempting to see these crosses and that I was about to meet my end in Clogher. Thankfully, it was not to be and I successfully – just! – negotiated the traffic and got into the churchyard.
The crosses are probably of 9th or 10th century date and were found in the grounds of the church and re-erected. Coincidentally, both crosses appear to be missing a portion of their respective shafts and look somewhat squat and inelegant as a result. At 2.75m, the more southerly cross is the taller of the two. Its east face displays a rectangular panel of 18 bosses (set in three columns of six). A similar arrangement probably was repeated further up the shaft, though only eight appear to wholly or partially survive. The centre of the ringed cross head is dominated by a single, large boss with indistinct traces of interlace decoration within it. The two lower ring portions of the cross are decorated with different patterns of interlace and scrollwork. The opposite (west) face is a relatively similar arrangement with a rectangular panel of interlaced circles and knot-work dominating the shaft. Originally an harmonious panel of similar knot-work would have been placed above this, but the effect is spoiled by the missing middle section. Again, the centre of the ringed cross head contains a prominent boss, decorated with interlace, possibly in a triangular or 'triquerta' knot pattern. However, owing to the low relief of the surviving carvings, this is difficult to ascertain. All three surviving portions of the outer ring appear to be decorated in an analogous manner to before, though this too was difficult to see in the prevailing light conditions.
The north cross is, today, slightly shorter at 2.30m. Its east face of the shaft is dominated by a rough square of four interlaced spirals, and the cross head is decorated with a smaller cross-like arrangement. It is difficult to make out, but it appears to me to be an interlaced cross of sinuous vines, possibly with a four-petalled flower at its centre. The opposite face has a low-relief roundel, or pseudo-boss at the centre of the cross-head, and a diamond of false-relief knot-work in the centre of the shaft. Although, owing to the light conditions, I couldn't make it out on the day, it appears from other photographs that some decoration exists on the arms of the cross, possibly some low-relief interlace, but it is difficult to be sure.
Lying between the two crosses is what appears to be a portion of a shaft of a third cross. At the base of the north cross there is a double bullaun stone. From older photographs (e.g. Richardson & Scarry 1990, Pl. 45) it seems that it once was leant against the base of the south cross, where it was accompanied by the upper stone of a rotary disc quern. I may be wrong, but I did not notice it on my visit, so it may have been moved indoors. Photographs of the site from a 1982 visit by Billy Dunlop (now part of The William Dunlop Archaeological Photographic Archive collection [Facebook | Website]) appear to show the same quern stone, if in somewhat more battered condition. Thus, despite the date of the Richardson & Scarry publication, I'm inclined to believe that the photographs used are considerably older. Where I have seen photographs taken inside the cathedral (e.g. here | here), I've not noticed it hanging about in the background, so it may not have been placed there for safe keeping. Unless it's still lurking about around the church or grounds, I'm afraid that it may have been 'lifted' and that's the last we may see of it.
While I felt lucky to get into the graveyard, my luck didn't run so far as to get me past the church door. Inside I would have found an Early Christian sun dial, probably dating to the the period from 700 to 900 AD, and probably the oldest surviving item from the site. Well, maybe it's all for the best! This way, I still have a reason to keep an eye out for open gates as I go through Clogher. I don't know what I'll find – maybe just ice-cream, maybe the sun dial, maybe even the kindness of strangers lavished on weary, parched travellers!
Harbison, P. 1992 Guide to the National and Historic Monuments of Ireland. Gill & Macmillan, Dublin.
Richardson, H. & Scarry, J. 1990 An Introduction to Irish High Crosses. Mercier Press, Dublin.
New Books from Berlin | Curach Bhán is rocking the Iron Age boat!
If you hang about this blog for long enough you could easily come away with the impression that I'm engaged in something of a bromance with Wordwell Books. I do seem to review and promote an awful lot of their wares [here | here | here | here | here | here | here | here | here] ... OK that is a lot! The simple reason for this is that they are the major publisher of archaeological books in Ireland. They – or, more accurately, their books – have been constant companions since I first started studying archaeology and encountered the first few issues of Archaeology Ireland magazine in Charlie Byrne's Bookshop (back when it was still on Dominick Street, Galway). At about the same distant time, I was introduced to Daniel Büchner. He was a visiting student, over in Galway from Berlin. He was amazingly good company – incredibly well read, witty, and hugely generous of his time, knowledge, and friendship. Daniel was instantly recognisable around campus for, firstly, being German (it was the 80s in Galway – we didn't have too many foreign students in archaeology!), and secondly, his rather battered top hat, festooned with the maroon-and-white colours of Galway GAA. In his company – and in his little red car – a select group of us got to see quite a number of archaeological sites [including here] … not to mention the insides of an awful lot of pubs. As a result of the latter, I have somewhat hazy recollections of being 'tired and emotional' ('foxed' if you're a Georgette Heyer fan) … followed in quick succession by being riotously 'unwell' out the window and all down the side of that very same vehicle. As the years have passed we've remained good friends and he's even forgiven me for despoiling his car. For the last number of years, Daniel has been quietly working away as owner and publisher at Curach Bhán Publications [Website | Facebook]. Mostly dedicated to humanities and art, he specialises in Celtic studies, international archaeology, philology, language studies, cultural & social anthropology, art, and literature.
During the summer of 2013, Daniel and Curach Bhán published two new books of particular relevance to Irish archaeology. Unfortunately, my family commitments and generally tumultuous existence (read: sloth) have somewhat stymied my plans to write decent reviews of both these important works. Instead, I have to settle for presenting the contents as a means of wheting your appetite!
It's a delight to see Emania back in circulation and there's talk of a new volume in the not too distant future. In the meantime, if you are missing any back issues you are sure to find on the Curach Bhán website: here.
The contents list of this volume is pretty impressive. Unfortunately, I've only had the opportunity to read a few of the papers, and skim through some of the others. However, I can guarantee for the little I've seen that this is an excellent read and contains some great papers.
No matter how you slice it, there's plenty of good times to be had here, if the Iron Age and all things Celtic are your reading matter of choice! If you choose to order a book (or several) from Curach Bhán, please tell Daniel that you decided to do it after reading this post. I don't get paid commission for any sales, but I'm hoping that it will bring a smile on his face and remind him of good nights long gone; of songs, stories, academic debates and far too much imbibing in our misspent youths! In return, you'll get some beautifully produced books at great prices! What's not to like?
If you've known me for any length of time, poked around on the 'back issues' of this blog, or even had a browse through my publications on my Academia.edu page, you'll get a fair inkling that I like gravestones. It's not too uncommon in an archaeologist – even one such as myself who dedicated most of a career to the prehistoric periods. Like many, my chief interest is in the earlier gravestones from the early to mid 1700s, and into the early 19th century. At a push, I can show curiosity in markers from the mid 19th century onwards, but there is a clear feeling that more recent memorials are less interesting, and less worthy of study. I think I may be alone among archaeologists in having once published a paper (Chapple 2000) that sought to demonstrate that modern memorials – even up to the 1980s – were part of a broad, unbroken continuum, not something separate and apart from the older material. I make this point to indicate that despite my predisposition towards the newer memorials as objects worthy of study, I have still considered them less worthy than the older examples. It's not that surprising – in every age, the antiquarian or archaeologist have viewed the ubiquitous remains closest to their own time as less worthy of study that older artefacts. Obviously, this is not confined to how students of the past assign worth. Value – either the concept of 'worthy of study' or monetary worth – is distinctly tied to scarcity. How else could we rationalise the notion that any given weight of a shiny yellow metal is worth more than an equivalent weight of, say, dark, fertile soil? It is not my intention to debate the rights or wrongs of economics. However, it is this notion that every archaeologist with an interest in the post-Medieval period (1700s and after) has had to face. There has long been a tacit understanding that a hierarchy exists and that while 'post-Med' studies are all well and good, they are not truly as important as 'real' archaeology – i.e. the Neolithic, the Bronze Age, the Romans, or whatever your own preferred period of study is. Thankfully, this impression is changing within archaeology, even if only slowly. There are now a number of vibrant and thriving organizations dedicated to the archaeology of more recent times. These include The Society for Historical Archaeology in the US, the Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology in the UK, and IPMAG on the island of Ireland. Even still, I have often heard the old adage that post-Medieval excavations keep all the rubbish that other excavations throw away.
Even if 'post-Med' is starting to find more acceptance and prominence, the sub-discipline of what may be termed 'modern archaeology' still has a long way to go. One well-known example is the popular and professional reactions to the famous Transit Van excavation. It has occasionally crossed my mind to ponder on the question: how awful does it have to be before archaeologists refuse to study it? Considering the propensity for archaeologists to literally study piles of old rubbish, from a towering mound of disused amphorae in Rome, to the waste from George Washington's house, right down to the Tucson Garbage Project, I've often presumed that there's pretty much no limit to what we'll consider investing our time and cerebral effort in. In events unrelated to these questions, I was recently invited to partake in a discussion on what was described as 'graveyard tat' – all the ugly, tasteless, plastic clutter that (in every sense) profanes our graveyards as the places of quiet, contemplation, mourning, and 'rest eternal' that they 'should' be. I would make it quite clear that I considered this an archaeological question only in so far as it despoiled the beauty of the graveyards – especially our older ones where the recent dead lie shoulder-to-shoulder with their ancestors, often in the shadow of a suitably decaying Medieval ruin. In places like this, I feel, that this form of plastic tat is visually distracting, out of place, and downright ugly – it is repulsive and should, rightly, be condemned. No matter how great the appetite for the archaeology of what one may term 'more recent times', I think that only the most ardent would readily embrace this awfulness as an area of study. Well, that's where I had started in my thinking.
However, after having looked at quite a few pictures of this kind of stuff, I find that I have changed my opinion … well, up to a point. I still see this material as horrible tat, but looking on this as archaeologists, we should be aware that – however horrible it is – it is still relatively ephemeral and, in the grand scheme of things, will not last too long on a grave. In a hundred years' time they will be gone, leaving only the 'clean' stone monument. I'm not suggesting for even a second that we should regard them as high art. Nor should we think any better of them as artefacts, no matter how much genuine affection and sorrow they represent by those bereaved. Nonetheless, I do think we should be recording a sample of them – in all their hideous glory – as an archive for future generations of archaeologists, anthropologists, and historians. Once I started thinking about it, I realised that like so many things, this type of material is susceptible to geographic and temporal change. Simply put, what an individual chooses to place on the final resting place of a friend or relative changes over time and locality – what was appropriate (and available) in Ireland or Iceland in 1980 is not likely to be the same in, say, Devon or Dubrovnik in 2010. I remember as a child growing up in the west of Ireland attending many funerals where Perspex domes of plastic flowers were placed on the grave. I may be wrong, but I cannot recall having seen any of these for quite some time. During the 1990s, when I spent some time working in the graveyards of Killora and Killogillen, in Craughwell, Co. Galway, I did find some surviving evidence of them – shattered opalescent fragments of the domes, and weathered, decayed, petals still clinging grimly to the rusting wires that once held it all together. Where they survived best was when, past all utility as items of decoration or devotion, they were swept away into quiet corners of the cemetery to lie forgotten in midden piles, or pushed out of sight and out of mind under flat ledgers. One way or another – they're gone. I honestly doubt that you could find a new one for sale (even if you wanted to) – times have moved on and fashion, along with the ties of manufacture and availability have moved with them. My searching on the internet has been far from exhaustive, but I am unable to find clear images of material like this – certainly not in its pristine state. Going further back, I have dim memories as a child of seeing older versions of this form of item, glass domes over artificial flowers, protected by a wire cage. Again, through the power of the Google image search, I've found something similar from a graveyard in Wales. I'm sure that the diligent researcher with ample time to spare could find more examples from closer to their period of manufacture, but I doubt that it could be done with anything approaching ease.
Decaying glass dome protected by rusting wire cage.
I think, perhaps, the reasons that we find this detritus so objectionable are manifold. In the first instance, its mass-produced nature seems at odds to the very personal and individual grieving that it represents. Its relative impermanence – certainly in a pristine state – means that for the majority of time that it is publically visible it is either decaying on a relatively new grave, or moldering on a communal cemetery rubbish heap. Tied to this sense of impermanence is the idea that this form of ornament is a relatively modern occurrence. It is pretty easy to fall into this way of thinking – they're all nasty plastic eyesores, probably with 'made in China' or 'made in Taiwan' stamped somewhere on them – obviously they're a modern phenomenon! While this incarnation may be modern, the urge to place symbols of mourning – however impermanent – on the grave of a family member or friend is a strong one and is hardwired into our makeup. I'm sure that there are many examples of older sources out there describing the state of graveyards in times past, but this is my favourite. It is a description of Teampúl Deirbhile, St. Dervila's Church, near the tip of the Mullet peninsula, Co. Mayo (Dunraven 1875, 107).
The graveyard at St. Dervila's Church, late 20th century. Source.
Today, should you choose to visit the site, it is devoid of all this material. However, it – and all of the local cemeteries – abound in its modern equivalent. I am unwilling and unable to bring myself to celebrate the existence of this visual pollutant, nor do I believe that it has even a modicum of redeeming beauty. Nonetheless, I am beginning to appreciate it as having a previously unconsidered archaeological significance. I now intend to go forth into graveyards to photograph these artefacts in all their magnificent awfulness. Truly, they are horrible and possess no redeeming artistic features (to us, in this time) … and I certainly don't want any of them over me when my time comes … but no more than the fact that I'm fascinated by the description of the graveyard at Teampúl Deirbhile, I've started to think that there will be wonder and interest in the tat of today by the archaeologists of the future!
Chapple, R. M. 2000 'A Statistical Analysis and Preliminary Classification of Gravestones from Craughwell, Co. Galway' Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society 52, 155-171.
Chapple, R. M. 2011 'Rules, Rubrics and Relations: The conscious and subconscious construction of family structures and public images through gravestone art in Craughwell, Co. Galway, Republic ofIreland' Academia.edu.
Chapple, R. M. 2012a 'Workingman's Dead: Notes on some 17th to 19th century memorials, from the graveyards of Killora and Killogilleen, Craughwell, Co. Galway, Ireland. Part I' Blogspot post.
Chapple, R. M. 2012b 'Workingman's Dead: Notes on some 17th to 19th century memorials, from Killora and Killogilleen,Craughwell, Co. Galway, Ireland. Part II' Blogspot post.
Dunraven, E. 1875 Notes on Irish Architecture. London.
Note: It has been brought to my attention that some of my musical references are a tad on the 'obscure' side. Obviously, I disagree … but then I would! For any younger readers, or anyone who has not taken early Blues into their hearts the title of this post is taken from Blind Lemon Jefferson's 1927 recording 'See That My Grave Is Kept Clean'. You can hear his version of it here; and Bob Dylan's 1962 recording here.
As I reread this piece before publication, it suddenly strikes me that there has got to have been some form of serious study of this type of material. Unfortunately, a few sample Google searches have failed to reveal anything of this nature. If you know of/are the author of such research, please let me know & I will add it to the body of the text.


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text:
Poland asks UN to help secure WWII damages from Germany
A Polish Army Veteran attends a wreath laying ceremony marking national observances of the anniversary of World War II in Warsaw, Poland, Sept 1, 2022. World War II began on Sept 1, 1939, with Nazi Germany's bombing and invading Poland, for more than five years of brutal occupation. (MICHAL DYJUK / AP)
WARSAW – Poland had asked for the intervention of the United Nations over World War II reparations with Germany, a Polish deputy foreign minister said on Tuesday.
"The United Nations system offers instruments for dialogue as well as for introducing the international community to the scale of the damages caused by the German aggression and occupation during the war, and Poland intends to use them," Poland's Deputy Foreign Minister Arkadiusz Mularczyk said during a press conference.
ALSO READ: Poland sends note over WWII reparations from Germany
Later in the day, Mularczyk tweeted a photo of the letter addressed to UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres.
On Sept 1, 2022, the Polish government presented a report detailing the material losses suffered by Poland during World War II, along with a pledge to demand money from Germany in reparations, to the tune of 6.2 trillion zloty ($1.4 trillion). On Oct 3, 2022, Poland's Foreign Ministry sent a diplomatic note to Germany demanding compensation for the damage.
READ MORE: WWII reparations: Polish minister signs diplomatic note to Germany
On Tuesday, Germany's Foreign Ministry responded to the note regarding WWII reparations, stating that the "issue remains closed." Mularczyk said this displayed a "disrespectful attitude" toward Poland and its people.
Internationalduring, from, germany, polish, reparations
「第五屆香港公共關係獎2023」即將推出
Historic stalemate: US House adjourns failing to elect speaker

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Malloy loses patience on gun control, will introduce his own bill
Christine Stuart,
FILE - In this Nov. 8, 2010 file photo, Dan Malloy, who won the Connecticut governor's race, speaks to the media at the Capitol in Hartford, Conn. Twenty-six states elected new governors last month _ 17 Republicans, 8 Democrats and one independent _ and now they are going to have to reconcile their principles and campaign promises with some harsh fiscal realities. Malloy, the former Stamford mayor, said he will have to raise taxes and cut services to close a projected $3.5 billion shortfall, one of the largest of any state as a percentage of its overall budget. (AP Photo/Jessica Hill, File)AP
Gov. Dannel P. Malloy is not known for his patience. So it's not surprising that he told the Journal Inquirer's editorial board Tuesday that he will introduce his own gun control legislation in the next few days because the legislature's bipartisan Super Committee isn't acting fast enough.
The comments were called "disappointing by Democratic House Speaker Brendan Sharkey and two Republican legislative leaders, but at least one Democrat agreed with Malloy that the process seemed to be "dragging on."
"It's apparent to me that the legislature will not reach bipartisan consensus on this issue," Malloy told the Journal Inquirer. "I'm always being accused of trying to play this outsized role. I've held back. It's not working, and I will very shortly be speaking on this issue on a fairly comprehensive basis."
Read the full story here at ctnewsjunkie


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Boxing's new Barnum: 'There ain't no others' like Don King
Up from the gutter and reaching for stars comes ex-convict Don King, cast in the flamboyant mold of P. T. Barnum and Tex Rickard.
Mark Kram
This story originally appeared in the September 15, 1975 issue of Sports Illustrated. Subscribe to the magazine here.
Space is not space between the earth and the sun to one who looks down from the windows of the Milky Way." He pulls on a Montecruz Supreme, releasing a smoke ring that flutters above his head like a broken halo. "It was but yesterday I thought myself a fragment quivering without rhythm in the sphere of life. Now I know that I am the sphere, and all life in rhythmic fragments moves within me." Having rid himself of these thoughts, the big man, the main man, the "impresario of the Third World" (name him, and you can have him, say his critics) turns and booms, his voice ripping across the skyline of Manhattan, "Yes, I do have an ego! I am an ego! I am!" Then, humbly, he adds, "But no man is an island, ya deeg?"
One could swear he hears the world sigh with relief, so glad it is that the orator admits to being human. "I am quintessential!" he begins again. He does not say of what he is quintessential, and it does not matter, his eyes seem to say; the word fits his mood. Words are always hovering above anyone who happens to be within ocean's distance of Don King, words fluttering in the air like crazed bats. But nobody waits for the next word, his next sentence of impeccable incoherence. They wait for his next move, that next gale of a gamble that knocks reason senseless and has powered him in a few short years from a busted-out life to the summit of his business—which you can also have if you can name it.
Call him a boxing promoter, but that does not explain what he does; it only gives him a label. Nobody knows exactly what he does or how he does it, and his adversaries, who underestimated him so badly, now flinch at the sound of his impact. The clattering telex in his office tells much more: Baby Doc Duvalier, the president for life, hopes that King can visit Haiti to discuss a situation of mutual interest; a spokesman for President Mobutu Sese Seko of Zaïre has shown much interest in King's idea for a future project. King does not deal much with private capital, he works with governments, Third World countries whose rulers find King to be a useful catalyst. He says, "Henry Kissinger can't get in the places I can."
The power of the world, says King, "is slowly shifting, and you don't have to be no prophet like...who was that old dude? Yeah, Nostradeemusss. It's right in front of your nose, if you wanna look. But I don't care about politics. Just call me a promoter. Not the first black one. Not the first green one. But theeee promoter, Jack. There ain't no others, 'cause they've only had three in the history of the world: P. T. Barnum, Mike Todd, and you are lookin' at the third. Nobody kin deny it. They mock me at their peril."
From The Vault: Every Ali Cover Story
Cassius invades Britain
My $1,000,000 Getaway
Cassius—His Fight And His Future
The Big Fight: Can Clay Do It Again?
Cassius Clay vs. Sonny Liston
The Fight You Didn't See
The Big Fight: Clay vs. Patterson
Cassius Clay: The Man, the Muslim, the Mystery
The Big Fight: Clay vs. Terrell
Scramble for Ali's title
Ali-Clay; the once and future king?
The Slugger And The Boxer
End of the Ali legend
The future is a mist
The Jaw is broken
Ali Again
Muhammad Ali: Sportsman of the Year
Boxing's New Barnum
The Epic Battle
Ali's Road Show Rolls On
Ali's Desperate Hour
The Champ Again
He's no Liston. He's no Frazier.
The Last Hurrah
The man and his entourage today
Once and Forever
Battle of Champions: Ali vs. Frazier
Who's that guy with Howard Bingham?
Some do, though—with passion. They look upon him as a blowhard, a mountebank—and look at the way he dresses, like an M.C. in a cheap nightclub. "Just an uppity nigger, right?" says King. But the facts bite back in his defense: he has raised $35 million in less than a year for his boxing spectaculars; he has made more money for Muhammad Ali "than AH done in all his previous fights in his whole career." With the Ali-Foreman fight—and for only $14 million ("most of which they got back")—he brought "dignity and recognition and solidarity" to Zaïre, a place "where people thought it was ridden with .savages." And in a few weeks King will bring to the universe Ali vs. Joe Frazier for the heavyweight title in Manila. How's that for quintessential, his long pause seems to ask.
What he did not do and what he might do in the future are equally dramatic, according to King. With oil money from Saudi Arabia, he was on the brink of buying Madison Square Garden before deciding it was a bad investment. "It's become a turkey of a building," he says. He is now thinking of purchasing a major movie company. But more immediate is his sudden thrust into big team sports and music as a packager and manager of careers. He says that he has already signed 85 black pro football players, with more to follow in basketball and baseball. Overnight, it appears, he could become one of the most powerful men in all of sports.
"I won't be creatin' any wars," he says. "We just wants in on the middle of all that high cotton."
But for now, right this minute in Tokyo, or Zaïre, or Cairo, or London, or in the back streets of Cleveland, whether among the rich and polished sportsmen, or those who leg the numbers up dark alleys, Don King is boxing, the man with the show, the man with the fistful of dollars and the imagination to match. Quickly, with a lot of street genius, enough brass for a firehouse and the messianic support of Herbert Muhammad (Ali's manager, who has an inscrutable genius of his own), King has managed to reduce the ring's power structure to rubble, and he is left all alone in his cavernous office atop Rockefeller Center to commune with the gods and play with his own ideas as if they were toys.
Boxing promoters have seldom been so singular; most of the big ones have been nearly invisible as personalities. The color, it seems, was left to the scufflers who kept their offices under their hats, would step on a nickel if a kid dropped it and would smoke a cigar down to its last gritty and defiant end. In one sense, the big ones weren't promoters, not in the way of a Tex Rickard, his mind as sharp as his familiar diamond stickpin, or a Mike Jacobs, with his clacking false teeth and pawnbroker's shrewdness—they were names who worked up front. In the last decade or so, all those who have come along have been moneymen who happened to be in control of the heavyweight champion. The list is long: Roy Cohn, the Bolan brothers, the Nilon brothers, Bill Fugazy and that most resilient of night creatures, Bob Arum.
Limousines, hot dogs, the law, these were their businesses, and they drifted like clouds across a big moon. The ring was an amusing subsidiary, a playground in which to exercise their already fully developed roguishness; they left nothing behind, and if they were not completely anonymous, they were as dull as their gray suits. Now there is Don King, who used to stick out like a single hatchling turtle trying to make the sea in full view of sly crabs and deadly frigate birds. That image has been smashed, replaced by something close to King Kong skipping across the jagged teeth of Manhattan's skyline. He will be heard. He will be seen. He thinks a low profile is something you get in a barber shop.
"Nobody wanted to be up front before me," says King. "They all wanted to sit back, collect their money and play their dirty tricks on each other and even the ones who worked for them. But I'm out there, Jack. You can see me, and if you don't, then you're color-blind. My name's on everything. This ain't no No-Name Productions. It's Don King Productions. I perform. And when I don't perform, then I gotta go, too."
All right, let's look at the record over the 1½ years King has been a front-rank promoter. First, there was Foreman vs. Ken Norton in Venezuela; give it a rating of two garbage cans. Norton was timid, King's partners behaved like sharks, and Foreman was his usual self; that is to say, his presence did not radiate. It was pure chaos. Next, Ali vs. Foreman in Zaïre. Give it three stars. It was a brilliant victory for Ali, cerebrum over inept strength; it was genuinely exciting, and if the figures did not excite accountants, they did not disappoint them, either. On the negative side was government censorship, and again the attitude of some of King's associates, who tried (and in some cases managed) to cheat the press out of a charter-plane refund. King went on his own with Chuck Wepner vs. Ali, Foreman vs. the Infirm Five up in Toronto, Ron Lyle and Ali in Las Vegas, and Ali against the catatonic Joe Bugner in Malaysia.
The artistic merit of these four productions is dubious. "How did I know Foreman would go berserk in Toronto?" says King. "But I'll take the blame. It was a good idea, but I didn't think George would make a farce of it." The business aspect is brighter. Wepner took a loss, but television picked up the tab for the Toronto show and Lyle; Toronto held its own against Connors vs. Newcombe in the TV ratings, and the Lyle fight had an enormous pull in numbers. Bugner in Malaysia lost a few dollars, too. "What can you do?" says King. "Here's a big strong dude with the chance of a lifetime, and he stands in the ring like a 1,000-year-old mummy."
Essentially, King works for Muhammad Ali, the hottest property in the world, and for Herbert Muhammad, a hard realist who could not care if King's skin was Technicolor; when Herbert looks at a promoter, he sees only green. Herbert gave King his chance, but he would not stay with him if King didn't produce. Herbert never really believed King would deliver, yet he could not deny a black brother a chance to fail. But King did not fold, and as Herbert watched, King produced the figures, the action, the credibility, the continuity that Herbert demanded. "He's a hard taskmaster," says King, "but he's taught me much." King has survived.
The trio gets along well. Ali introduces King as "a businessman—and former gangster." Often bemused, Herbert looks on quietly from the background. He is sensitive to any nuance suggesting that King is the brains behind Ali. Recently, when Ali conned the press into thinking he was retiring, King said he was going to Malaysia to intercede, to use his influence on him. "What's this?" asked Herbert. "You got everybody thinkin' you're the manager of Ali. I'm paranoid 'bout that, Donald." Herbert tries to tone down the excessive side of King, and that is like trying to rein a runaway team of Clydesdales. The excesses, the props, have become King's style.
Harold Lloyd had his lensless glasses, W.C. Fields his voice and Clark Gable those ears. Several distinctions—familiar things that have become a part of his character—mark Don King. His hair looks like a bale of cotton candy just retrieved from a coal bin. He must hold the record for time spent in a tuxedo; he easily beats out Tony Martin, the recognized champion. Then, there is his jewelry. To look at King is to look into the sun or to gaze at a mobile Cartier's. On one finger is a meat block of a diamond ring that cost $30,000, on his pinky is a $3,000 number and on his wrist is a $9,000 watch. Add to all of this his voice and language, a thunderous roll that blends black slang with newspeak words like infrastructure, interface and input, a grandiloquent soliloquy that he will suddenly interrupt to summon up the ghosts of the Apostle Paul, François Villon, the moonstruck Khalil Gibran and King's favorite, Shakespeare.
Now King, at age 44, has found a headquarters, an address to match the man. The suite of offices, including two boardrooms, is located on the 67th floor of the prestigious RCA Building, just two floors up from the famous Rainbow Room and close enough to the sky to grab a star. The rent is $60,000 a year, and the furniture cost him $40,000. The move by King shook those who follow such things, not to mention the fight mob, which was used to dealing in the back rooms of bars, or in five-story walk-ups. "I'm not walkin' up to the top of that place," said one manager. Clearly, the offices have done what King hoped they would do.
"They're all out there wonderin'," he says. "They're wonderin' what's that crazy nigger doin' up there. He must be doin' somethin'. The place has become a magnet."
King has made people pay attention, so much so that his reception room looks like the last lifeboat leaving the Titanic, and his messages run to 200 a day. He tries to see everyone, from inventors who have machines with strange powers or a solution to the aging process of the body, to the lowliest fight managers who look up and around the place as if they were in a spaceship—all of the schemers and dreamers looking for that peg to hang the world on. King spends an average of 15 hours a day in his office, some of it in the effort of staying atop office intrigue. And well he should, for he has made himself vulnerable.
King's high command is a good example of how things work in boxing promotion. For instance, one never lets a grudge get in the way of making money. Working with him are Henry Schwartz, Mike Malitz and, of all people, Bob Arum, once King's avowed enemy. Schwartz was King's former boss at Video Techniques. He first brought King on the scene, made him a vice-president and thought of him as "my black interface." Which, as King says now, was another way of saying "chump." But King could not be held on a leash, and soon he went on his own, leaving behind such disgraceful practices as extra charges for equipment; closed-circuit exhibitors were badly mauled by Video on the Zaïre fight. "Schwartz has got nothin' to do with the business end now," says King, "but he's valuable when it comes to technical stuff like satellites."
Malitz is a familiar face; he was long the right arm of Bob Arum. Malitz is a pro. He has no equal as an orchestrator of closed-circuit television. He knows where the money is, and he knows how to collect. King needs Malitz, but why Arum? "He has a brilliant legal mind," King says unconvincingly. The fact is that King has no choice but to cut Arum in on the promotion. The Manila connection, a personage named Thomas Oh, had dealt with Arum first, having been led to believe that Arum could deliver Ali. King had been trying to put the fight on in New York. Failing, he went to his sources in Manila, who did not have the clout of Thomas Oh. Finally, learning that Arum did not have Ali, Oh had to deal with King. Now Arum's only chance was to bring Thomas Oh and King together. They sat down, but King held out as long as possible, looking for money elsewhere, mainly because of Arum's presence in the deal. Herbert Muhammad was impatient. He wanted a contract from King, or else he was going with still another rival promoter, Jerry Perenchio.
King saved promotional face by hooking up with Thomas Oh at the last minute, so Arum, the man who used to "control" Ali in a promotional sense is once more in the thick of things. King fought long and hard to break Arum's grip, and here Arum is, back in the middle of the money, right in the middle of King's own operation, sitting on his shoulder like a wise and patient owl observing a field mouse who has gotten too big.
But a hired hand in King's office says, "There's no way King's going to get hurt. So far he's done the impossible for Herbert and Ali. If Herbert ever does sink him for a white man, he's going to look pretty bad after the way King's performed. And as far as this promotion is concerned, King won't be caught napping. The secret of closed circuit is who gets to the money first, and that's King now. King and Arum have absolutely nothing in common. King has his faults. He's too loud. His tired black line can wear you out. But he's a decent human being, generous and sensitive. One day he must have had his driver 20 hours. So he's going into his hotel, and then turns back and presses a $100 bill in the driver's hand. Another promoter would have borrowed $20 from the driver!"
The main person King must keep an eye on is himself. It is an old truth that the bigger the man, the easier the con. King's feathers must be preened, his ego stroked; grafters with larger plans usually jump at the chance, and then they become much more. Loyalty is almost nonexistent in boxing, but King has what little there is. He did not have to ask for it, or pay for it. It was given to him because he was strong and fair, and his followers saw him as a deliverer from the tyranny of Madison Square Garden. "He's made a mole out of Teddy Brenner, and he's put Mike Burke in his pocket," says Paddy Flood, a manager. "The Garden doesn't count anymore." But there are some who believe King's ego and his ambition have leaped out of hand. "He don't listen too good anymore," says another manager.
"It's all subjective," says King. "They don't understand that up here is like bein' in a war every day. I'm so tired most of the time, I goes home and falls into bed."
It is a Sunday afternoon. He sits beneath a large portrait of Ali. He has been talking about his early life, about the roaches in the tenements that he would spray furiously with bottles of white poison, and still they kept coming; about all the days he spent running to deliver squalling chickens from Hymie's Chicken Shack to the slaughterhouse knife; about his reign as the regent of the numbers in Cleveland; about Benny, one of his predecessors, who used to equip his numbers runners like an army preparing for winter invasion. "He used to buy a whole supply of galoshes and hats and overcoats and hand them out to his men," says King.
King is not wearing a shirt, and his massive chest is moist with sweat. It is a hot day in New York, and he does not like air conditioning. An angry scar crawls up his chest, a gift from his prison days when an incompetent doctor turned a simple cyst surgery into an awful mess. It is obvious, as he stretches and prowls throughout the room, that he likes the space of his office. King knows all about space, for it was only six years ago that he was put into the hole at the Ohio Penitentiary with only bread and water and a Bible and darkness; he read the Bible by light that slithered through cracks, and then he would use it as a pillow. "I had no trouble in prison, except for that one time a guy hit me in the mouth," says King. "They don't need much excuse to do anything they want to you."
King was in prison because he killed one of his runners in a fistfight, just an ordinary scrap. The memory of it haunts him and so do the four years he got, a severe sentence for the kind of charge that a lot of people have beaten over the years.
"I went up on manslaughter," says King, "and I expected to be paroled early. But they made me do four years in the joint. These parole flops cut the heart right out of me. My numbers reputation was held against me."
The details, the moments of prison life, are engraved in his mind: being led by foot chains off the bus; the 60-man floor at Marion Reformatory where nightmares came to life in sound, and King would stay awake as long as he could so he would not have to enter subconscious hell; the 6-by-12 cell, where they made you wash out of the toilet bowl, and the smell of sulphur in the water made you sick; the look on the face of his wife, who drove 400 miles every weekend to see him—and the riot.
"It was over," says King, "and we're standin' there naked, and a guy named Bradshaw was standin' there, too...just standin' there. I'll never forget how the kid from the National Guard got nervous. Bradshaw, he was doin' what he was told. But the kid got scared and he pulled the trigger, and there was Bradshaw's stomach running down to his crotch. Solitary? Perversions? You don't know the kind of depravity that stalks a prison!"
King looks over at a picture of his wife and kids taken on his big farm in Ohio. "That's the only place where the war stops," he says. His wife Henrietta runs the farm. "She don't go for no nonsense," he says, recalling how once his son's marks in school tailed off, and she personally shaved off all his hair.
King gets up and walks out onto the balcony. Down below, 67 floors, evening falls on the town like a dirty handkerchief. High up there, he is a long way from a 6-by-12 cell, he is a man with the power to raise $35 million in a year, the man who can deliver Muhammad Ali—for now. And then he shouts up to the sky, "If I do not perform, Mr. Rockefeller, I will not jump off your building!" Raising his hand as if he were Emperor Jones, his voice booms again, "But if the Milky Way were not within me, how should I have seen it or known it?"
A star winks back at him.
He says. Winking.
SI's 100 Greatest Photos of Muhammad Ali
Crafty win for Ali over Frazier in rematch
By Mark Kram
Muhammad Ali's road show: One-nighter in San Juan
Jamming the stadium, they came not to see the ludicrous show but the star. And with good reason, for Ali, embarking upon an unparalleled year, has far transcended his sport.
The epic battle between Frazier and Ali
"Lawdy, lawdy he's great." Joe Frazier said that of Muhammad Ali, but so fierce and unsparing was their confrontation that the phrase could have applied to them both.
Years later, Ali and Frazier still slugging it out
More than two decades after they last met in the ring, Joe Frazier is still taking shots at Muhammad Ali, but this time it's a war of words.
By William Nack
Ali reaches down and rallies over Shaver
Muhammad Ali left them roaring with a marvelous last-round rally against game Earnie Shavers, but one day soon the champ will reach down and come up empty.
By Pat Putnam
Muhammad Ali: Boxing legend's best quotes
Looking back at some of Muhammad Ali's greatest quotes.
Ali's legacy extended well beyond the boxing ring
If Muhammad Ali was in his time the most famous person in the world, it was as much a tribute to his talent for provocation as to his boxing.
By Richard Hoffer
Though 38, Ali has gone to the mountain
He may be 38, but an $8 million purse beckons, so Ali has gone to the mountain


The lure of Green Timbers is history, trout and, if your timing is right, large elk. This rugged 6,388-acre tract, part of the Pigeon River Country State Forest, not only has wildlife, scenic vistas and blue ribbon trout streams but is also crisscrossed with a 10-mile unmarked trail system that appeals to hikers, backpackers and winter adventurers on snowshoes or backcountry skis.
Click Here to order a detailed map of Green Timbers.
The lure of Green Timbers is history, trout and, if your timing is right, large elk. This rugged 6,388-acre tract, part of the Pigeon River Country State Forest, not only has wildlife, scenic vistas and blue ribbon trout streams but is also crisscrossed with an unmarked trail system that appeals to hikers, backpackers and winter adventurers on snowshoes or backcountry skis.
The 1918 successful reintroduction of elk to Michigan took place just 1.5 miles north of the tract, and Green Timbers has remained an important area for the species. Eventually much of the tract was logged by the Cornwall Lumber Company and then burned and used for grazing by both sheep and cattle before being purchased and named by Don McLouth in 1942. In the 1950s, McLouth turned the area into an hunting and fishing retreat for McLouth Steel employees that included the construction of a series of log cabins near the Sturgeon River.
In 1982 the state took over the property as part of the Pigeon River Country State Forest and all the cabins have been removed. But where the Green Timbers Cabin once stood on the banks of the Sturgeon River and Honeymoon Cabin on the edge of a ridge, high above the Sturgeon River, are now popular places to camp.
More than half of Green Timbers is covered with second growth forest of aspen, oak, other northern hardwoods and white and red pines. The 10-mile trail system in the recreation area is basically two tracks and old forest roads; some well established and easy to follow, many little more than overgrown trails used mainly by elk and deer. The trails are not marked and do not necessary correspond to the map available at the Pigeon River Country headquarters.
The easiest route to follow, and thus the most popular one, is the trail from the Sturgeon Valley Road parking area to the site of the old Green Timbers Cabin, a trek of 2.3 miles. From here it is 1.5 miles to where Honeymoon Cabin once stood, a route that is only slightly more difficult to follow.
Honeymoon Ridge is a more appealing place to spend a night and the easiest and quickest route to the high point is to begin at a trailhead on Bush Road (also referred to as County Line Road on some maps). From this parking area an easy-to-follow two-track heads due south to reach the cabin in roughly a mile. Keep in mind that Bush Road is not plowed during the winter it is usually impossible to reach this trailhead.
The most popular angler access is the west end of Reynolds Road, reached from Sturgeon Valley Road via Hare Road. A small parking area is located here and from it a short trail descends to the Sturgeon River. The entire Sturgeon Valley watershed, including the Sturgeon River, Club Stream and Pickerel Creek, are popular among fly anglers for its healthy populations of brook, brown and rainbow trout.
The trails on the west side of the Sturgeon River are best reached from an Elk Viewing Area parking lot off Fontinalis Road or from the Bush Road trailhead and utilizing an old vehicle bridge across the Sturgeon River.
Click Here to order a detailed Green Timbers map.
Other than trailhead parking areas, there are no facilities in Green Timbers. That includes campgrounds, vault toilets or sources of safe drinking water.
For additional information stop or call the Pigeon River Country State Forest Headquarters (989-983-4101), an impressive log lodge on Twin Lakes Road. For travel information contact the Gaylord Convention and Visitors Bureau (800-345-8621).


THE direction of the national budget for 2013 became clear yesterday as the Federal Executive Council (FEC) approved the 2013-2015 Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) and Fiscal Strategic paper for next year.
The Council approved a projected revenue of N3.891 trillion and total expenditure of N4.929 trillion for the year.
FEC also endorsed the proposals that the 2013 budget be predicated on a benchmark price of $75 and crude production of 2.53 million barrels per day.
In addition, there will be a continuation of downward trend in recurrent expenditure and upward trend in capital expenditure. Towards this, recurrent expenditure will decline from 71.47 per cent in 2012 to 68.66 per cent in 2013 while capital expenditure is expected to rise from 28.53 per cent for 2012 to 31.34 per cent next year.
Also, in managing the domestic debt, the fiscal deficit and domestic borrowing will decline from 2.85 per cent and N744.44 billion in 2012 to 2.17 per cent and N727.19 billion in 2013.
Under the fiscal framework, the Federal Government will create a sinking fund of N25 billion yearly from 2013 to accumulate money for paying off bonds. Similarly, N75 billion would be spent on the retirement of bond debt due for payment in February 2013.
Coordinating Minister of the Economy and Minister of Finance, Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, told journalists at the end of the Council meeting that the approvals were �practical expression of the government�s determination to deliver the draft 2013 budget on schedule for the early consideration of the National Assembly in September.
The minister said the government would intensify efforts at ensuring further improvement in the implementation level of the current budget, adding that the implementation level as at June 20, 2012 following four months of implementation starting from April was 41.3 per cent.
Okonjo-Iweala explained that �the focus of the government in 2013 as reflected in the Medium Term Expenditure Framework and the Fiscal Strategy Paper is that the budget should make practical impact on the areas that affect most Nigerians, such as job creation, power supply, roads, rails, other infrastructure and security through increase in capital budget and prudent management of the economy.
Broadly, the focus will be on improving aggregate revenue receipts, optimising expenditure and keeping the fiscal deficit at a reasonable level.
�The proposals for the 2013 budget are based on a rigorous review of the performance of the global economy with regard to negative economic developments around the world, which have the potential to negatively impact the country�s economy. Based on a foundation of prudence, the proposals represent a robust response to these developments anchored on a strong macro-economic framework,� she said.
The minister added that the 2013-2015 MTEF and Fiscal Strategic paper for 2013 will be forwarded to the National Assembly as part of their continuing discussions on the preparations for next year�s budget.
The Council also approved contract for the transaction advisory services for Design, Build, Finance and Operate (DBFO) for the 2nd Niger Bridge linking Anambra and Delta States at the Onitsha-Asaba river crossing. To be executed under the Public-Private Partnership (PPP), it was awarded to a British firm, Roughton International Limited at a total cost of NN325,638,828. It is to be completed in 16 months. The projects is expected to be flagged off by the third quarter of next year.
The Council also approved a memo by the Minister of Works, Mike Onolememen for the award of contract for transaction advisory services for the improvement of the Apakun-Murtala Mohammed Airport road route F269 in Lagos State at a total cost of N297,746,203.
The 2.8 kilometre road, which is in a deplorable condition, is to be upgraded to a modern eight-lane facility for traffic flow.
The Council also approved additional works on the subsisting contract for the extension from Dutse-Kwanar Huguma on the dualisation of the Kano-Maiduguri Road Section II (Shuwarin-Azare). The new contract, a distance of 24.4 kilometres of road, will connect the proposed Dutse Airport located along the road to the Kano-Maiduguri Highway.
It was awarded in favour of Setraco Nigeria Limited and cost N8,352,277,657.48. This will drive the total cost of the Kano-Maiduguri dualisation project from N35,841,452,834.88 to N44,193,730,492.36. It has a completion period of 40 months. These are in line with the 2007 Fiscal Responsibility Act which demands that the Federal Ministry of Finance produces this each fiscal year and thereafter engages key segments of the public with a view to getting their input to enrich the plan.
Meanwhile, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) has extended its fight against crime to budget implementation to all the states of the Federation.
To achieve this, the commission has allocated N4.5 million to some civil society organizations (CSO) to monitor budget implementation in Cross River State.
The money, which was given to the EFCC by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) would be released to a yet to be mentioned CSOs to monitor activities of the state government in project implementation.
The Head of Strategy and Reorientation Units of the EFCC, Mr. Gabriel Aduda, who disclosed this at aTown Hall meeting on governance accountability programme in Calabar on Tuesday, said the commission wanted to identify anti-corruption revolution partner in each state to monitor activities of states and local council officials in budget implementation.


text:
Did Henry Norris Really Buy Arsenal?
Owner, majority shareholder or something else?
If you've read any books that tell the history of Arsenal (or even Chelsea or Tottenham) it is very likely that you would have read about Henry Norris arriving like a knight in shining armour to save Arsenal from extinction in 1910. Some histories will say that he bought the club, some will say that he was the majority shareholder.
However, neither is correct. And by quite a considerable way.
As a public limited company (incorporated on 26 April 1910), Arsenal are duty bound to lodge their annual accounts as well as a register of shareholders with Companies House. These records are available for all and sundry to see, albeit at a price.
On The Arsenal Collection website today we have published two of these sets of documents that help to show how much of Arsenal Henry Norris actually owned. We have some documents from other years but they are only partial copies so we didn't want to publish them until we had the full documents, which will happen in due course.
Early in 1910 it became apparent that Woolwich Arsenal FC was in financial difficulty. Over the past decade they had received help from local businessman and major shareholder George Leavey. At the half-yearly meeting in January he proposed that the limited company that ran the football club be put into voluntary liquidation and a new company formed to take over. The full story of this is told in Woolwich Arsenal 1893-1915: The Club That Changed Football.
The long and short of it was that the new company was undersubscribed and was on the verge of collapse before three Fulham directors – Henry Norris, William Hall and William Allen – stepped in to save Woolwich Arsenal. Allen soon dropped out but Norris and Hall stayed the distance.
Of the 6,600 shares that were made available to the public only 1280 were allotted. The two biggest shareholders were Henry Norris and William Hall with 240 each. Some simple maths shows us that both men each owned 3.6% of the available shares or 18.75% of the allotted shares. At this point Henry Norris was a long way from holding a majority of the shares, let alone buying the club outright. The next biggest shareholder was George Leavey, the man that had kept the club afloat for most of the previous decade, with 100 shares.
The first complete document that we have is from 1913. This shows that 1509 shares had now been allotted. Norris and Hall had both increased their shareholding to 340, each buying 100 more shares. This now gave each of them 22.5% of the allotted shares.
Roll forward eight years and the directors have done a sterling job with bringing in new investors. We now see that 3,175 shares have been allotted. Henry Norris still had the 340 shares from 1913 but William Hall now had 345 shares, five more than Norris. Not only has Norris' share of the club been reduced to 10.7% but he was now only the second biggest shareholder!
Although we don't have the full breakdown of shareholders, we do know that in September 1927 Hall had increased his shareholding to 508 and Norris to 487 plus five more in his wife's name. Even if the same 3,175 shares from 1921 were the only ones in circulation, this would mean that Norris' share of the company was only 15.5% even if we include his wife's shares.
At this point Norris and Hall were banned from football and excluded from holding a position on the board of the club. Hall sold all of his shares to Percy Boyden who was chairman of Leyton Orient. That is another story, though! Norris sold ten shares before his death in July 1934, with the club's accounts in August 1934 showing 477 shares in his name.
Therefore, Henry Norris never bought Arsenal, was far from ever being the club's majority shareholder and it is highly unlikely that he was ever solely the club's biggest shareholder.
Don't forget to subscribe to the blog (top right). You know it makes sense.
Or have a look at our other site: The Arsenal Collection for more Arsenal memorabilia.
Posted in: Directors, The Arsenal, Woolwich Arsenal
6 thoughts on "Did Henry Norris Really Buy Arsenal?"
Phil on 17 April 2017 at 8:37 am said:
Do you know why 400 of the 7,000 weren't offered to the public? Were they already split between Norris and Hall, or was there some other reason? Because eventually (when David Dein turned up) the full 7,000 were issued.
Andy Kelly on 17 April 2017 at 12:41 pm said:
I can't find anything in the newspapers at the time to say why 400 shares were held back.
For the 1893 share issue only 3000 of the 4000 shares were originally offered to the public. In 1899 a number of the unsold shares were issued as "preference" shares. These shares were were paid a dividend ahead of those previously sold. It could be that the 400 were held back so that the directors could offer a similar incentive in the future if need be.
Phil on 18 April 2017 at 12:02 am said:
I guess it would only be in Board meeting minutes. I just have a suspicion from info I got from Sally Davis ages ago that it might be Hall and Norris controlling voting rights in some way. Is there anything about voting in the prospectus?
Andy Kelly on 18 April 2017 at 3:43 pm said:
The decision to offer only 6,600 shares was made before Norris & Hall became involved.
The prospectus was put together by George Leavey and a number of local businessmen in April 1910. The big change from the Articles of Association of the 1893 company was that a shareholder would need to hold at least 25 shares to be considered a director. In 1893 anyone holding just one share could be a director, having been negotiated down from five shares originally.
I assume the reason for this would be to give a stable board of directors. Between 1893 and 1910 the board was in constant flux which meant that policies continually changed and directors would try to accommodate the views of as many shareholders as possible to try to ensure they kept their place on the board.
When the share issue failed in May 1910, it was at this point that Norris, Hall & Allen became involved.
Emilio Zorlakki on 12 April 2017 at 1:13 pm said:
What happened to Norris' shares after his death?
They were sold by the executors of his estate some time between 1934 and 1948, I'll look into it and let you know if I find out.


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State Duma MPs adopt bill on Russian Constitutional Court in final reading
Draft law on Constitutional Court powers passes second reading in State Duma
State Duma passes bill on Constitutional Court powers in first reading
Russian Constitutional Court approves amendments to Constitution
© RAPSI
Tags: Constitution, Legislation, State Duma, The Constitutional Court, Russia
MOSCOW, October 28 (RAPSI) – The State Duma passed a bill on powers and formation order of the country's Constitutional Court in a final third reading on Wednesday, according to the official website of the lower house of Russia's parliament.
The draft law is related to amendments to the Constitution adopted on March 14.
The initiative envisages that the Constitutional Court is to be consisted of 11 judges including a chairperson and a deputy chair.
On a presidential request the Court will check necessary validity of draft laws on amendments to the Constitution, federal constitutional draft laws and federal and regional bills and adopted initiatives before their signing by the President, the legislative proposal reads.
Under the bill, the Constitutional Court must solve issues on the possibility of execution of decisions and rulings of international bodies, foreign or international courts and arbitration.
11:15 28/10/2020 The State Duma passed a bill on powers and formation order of the country's Constitutional Court in a final third reading on Wednesday.


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Be warned: The World Health Organization's "Pandemic Treaty" will destroy all remaining freedoms and unleash a global MEDICAL DICTATORSHIP
The United Nations is on a mission to enslave the planet, and one way it seeks to achieve this is through the new "Pandemic Treaty" being pushed by the World Health Organization (WHO).
If adopted by WHO member nations, the Pandemic Treaty would remove all national sovereignty while granting the WHO the power and authority to mandate whatever it deems as necessary to treat a public health threat, whether real or imagined.
More than two years have passed since the Wuhan coronavirus (Covid-19) plandemic was declared by the WHO, and the time is apparently ripe for a total transformation of the global medical paradigm.
If the UN gets its way, the WHO will soon be able to mandate covid "vaccines" and associated "passports" globally. The WHO would also be allowed to do the same for any future bioweapons that "escape" from Chinese or Ukrainian laboratories.
Negotiations for the Pandemic Treaty began on March 3, 2022, but they have received little attention due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, which has swept global headlines.
"Coming off the back of the Covid-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization is proposing a new pandemic treaty they're hoping will be accepted by enough member countries to become a reality by 2024," reported The Pulse. (Related: Sign this petition to protect America's sovereignty against this assault by the WHO.)
If our country gives up what little national sovereignty remains to the WHO, it's game over for health freedom
As you may recall, WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus infamously stated that upholding individual autonomy, or even national autonomy, when it comes public health policy and interventions is selfish and gets in the way of the WHO's global agenda.
This "me-first" approach, as he called it, "stymie[s] the global solidarity needed" to fight global health threats. The solution? Just give the WHO all power and call it a day.
"There are a number of things in the treaty that the people of the world need to consider before going down this path," warned The Pulse.
In the featured video below, The Pulse's Joe Martino interviews Shabnam Palesa Mohamed, a member of the steering committee for the World Council of Health, who points out that the Pandemic Treaty gives the WHO:
"… an inordinate amount of power to make decisions in sovereign countries as to how people live and how they deal with pandemics, from lockdowns to mandates over treatment."
As explained by Dr. Joseph Mercola, the Pandemic Treaty basically gives the WHO total authority and power to apply a one-size-fits-all approach to disease, whether real or imagined, and "without regard for all the varying situations found in individual countries."
"The treaty is a direct threat to a nation's sovereignty to make decisions for itself and its citizens, and would erode democracy everywhere," he adds.
Not only is it a threat, but the Pandemic Treaty is invalid and unlawful, Mohamed says. And there is a possibility that the WHO might try to implement it before 2024, which is not even all that far off in the first place.
All that has to happen is for the World Health Assembly to vote it in come 2023. If a majority passes it at that time, all member countries will be bound by its tenets, possibly immediately that same year.
"The proposed WHO agreement is unnecessary, and is a threat to sovereignty and inalienable rights," Mohamed says.
"It increases the WHO's suffocating power to declare unjustified pandemics, impose dehumanizing lockdowns, and enforce expensive, unsafe, and ineffective treatments against the will of the people."
The latest plandemic-related news can be found at Pandemic.news.
DailyExpose.uk
Tagged Under: big government, conspiracy, Dangerous, deception, fascism, freedom, Globalism, health freedom, insanity, Liberty, national security, national sovereignty, pandemic treaty, slavery, Tyranny, vaccine wars, vaccines, WHO, workers
Pfizer recalls blood pressure pills over cancer link
FDA issues warning as women abort healthy babies due to false positives on prenatal genetic screening tests
Utah nurses try to hide case of fully vaccinated patient coughing up massive fibrous clot from one of his lungs
China may be winning the quantum computing race with a record-shattering processor
Large Nordic study finds that mRNA covid "vaccines" increase risk of myocarditis
Louisiana's House of Representatives takes significant step to end medical tyranny in the state
REALITY CHECK: Triple-injected 500% more likely to "catch" covid compared to the unvaccinated
Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine had a shocking DEATH rate of 3.7% during early trial – but the FDA approved it anyway
Vaccine expert warns DELUGE of COVID-19 vaccine complications will soon COLLAPSE the healthcare system
Dr. Peter McCullough says 30% of vaccinated pilots would fail health screenings because of vaccine injuries
Study finds MICROPLASTIC fibers from FACE MASKS lodged in human lungs
Geo-nocide: Geoengineering could cause malaria resurgence in tropical countries
3D printing manufacturing hubs could transform cities
04/26/2022 / By Virgilio Marin
SMOKING GUN: Fauci-controlled lab in Texas signed "confidential" deal with Wuhan scientists for "destroying secret files, materials"
NAC found to protect kidneys against VENOM damage (no wonder FDA wants to ban it)
Australia recorded 1,700% increase in COVID-19 deaths as vaccine was rolled out
COVID-19 lockdowns linked to increased hepatitis risk in children, says Australian infectious diseases expert
New research shows microplastics are even more toxic to humans than previously thought
Study shows gullies on Mars' southern hemisphere


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Anonymous goes to war with ISIS and shoots itself in the foot
By Ryan Whitwam on November 23, 2015 at 3:27 pm
Groups associated with Anonymous launch a new "op" quite frequently, but the recent #OpParis has attracted more attention, because it's a reaction to the recent terror attacks in Paris that claimed more than 130 lives. The goal of the op is apparently to expose Twitter accounts and websites that are run by members of ISIS, which has claimed responsibility for the attacks. However, reports are now claiming that the vast majority of Twitter accounts targeted by members of Anonymous aren't affiliated with ISIS at all. Oops.
Like many of Anon's past ops, #OpParis and #OpISIS are aimed mainly at reporting accounts run by the group being targeted. Any personal details of the account owners uncovered are also made available online. The semi-official OpParis Twitter account has claimed that more than 20,000 Twitter accounts belonging to members of ISIS and its supporters have been suspended. It's reasonable to think that Anonymous members have reported that many accounts, but it's looking increasingly unlikely that many of them have anything to do with ISIS. In many cases, the accounts may actually be run by anti-ISIS individuals, journalists, and academics.
Anonymous is distributing an automated reporting script that can be used by members to report accounts to Twitter en masse. The list of supposed ISIS accounts is available on Pastebin, and indeed, many of the accounts are now suspended. However, when you're reporting thousands of Twitter accounts, it's hard to do your due diligence to make sure they actually match your criteria.
Ars Technica and others that have examined the accounts note that many of them appear to be trolling ISIS members or are commenting on other matters in the Middle East. Most of them are in Arabic, though, and Anonymous is a largely English-speaking group. The #OpParis IRC chat admins have demanded that users only speak English and one person used his English words to ask a very important question: "Who's ISIS?" Yikes.
One self-proclaimed hacktivist known as th3j35t3r has publicly called #OpParis out for accusing innocent people. The #OpParis Twitter account even agreed with him… before deleting that Tweet (see above). He also claims that if anything, Anonymous is being used by ISIS affiliates to garner more attention for the terror group. A Twitter account can be opened in a few seconds, so even if ISIS accounts are caught up in the sweep, nothing of value is really lost.
Twitter has apparently lost faith in the mass reportings from Anonymous members, calling them "wildly inaccurate." Twitter actually has fluent Arabic speakers who can review reported accounts to determine if they are actually promoting terrorism. The FBI is also not having any more of Anonymous' crap. Members of the op claimed in an interview that the group had uncovered information related to a planned terror attack on a WWE wrestling event in Atlanta tonight. The FBI has said this information is not credible.
If this is what Anonymous' "total war" against the Islamic State looks like, they might want to go back to the drawing board.


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New Order, Mazzy Star, The Rapture, Leftfield, Beirut, Modeselektor, Austra & more for Forbidden Fruit 2012 lineup
Santigold – 'Disparate Youth'
Forbidden Fruit Festival has revealed its initial lineup which takes place at the Grounds of the Royal Hospital in Kilmainham on June 2nd, 3rd and 4th (Sat-Monday) across five stages.
Sat 2nd June: Leftfield, Bloody Beetroots, Booka Shade, The Field, Factory Floor, Bear In Heaven, Le Galaxie, Toby Kaar.
Sunday 3rd June: New Order, Death Cab For Cutie, The Rapture, Death In Vegas, Modeselektor, Austra, Atlas Sound, Rarely Seen Above Ground, Grimes, Kool Thing.
Monday 4th June: Wilco, Beirut, James Vincent McMorrow, Mazzy Star, Andrew Bird, Field Music, Julia Holter, Windings.
More to be announced.
Early Bird Tickets on sale 9am Wednesday 22nd February 2012 at €45 per Day /€85 for Two Day ticket and €110 for the Weekend. General Tickets will be priced at €49:50 for one day / Two Day Ticket: €89.50 / Weekend Ticket: €115
The festival will also have comedy stages, food markets, craft, fashion stalls and more. Gates 2pm-10.45pm daily.
Modeselektor
Nialler9 Tuesday, February 21, 2012
Kae Tempest announces Irish tour
The 10 best new tracks released today: FKA Twigs, Soulé, Warmduscher, Guerilla Toss & more
Watch Fontaines D.C perform 'Jackie Down the Line' on The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon
New releases out today: FKA Twigs, Bonobo, Earl Sweatshirt and more
Jay-Z & Kanye bring Watch The Throne to Dublin
Nialler9 / The Hype Machine Day Party in Austin during SXSW


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Cheval 9
Edited By Jonathan Edwards and Rose Widlake.
Foreword by Aida Birch.
A fitting tribute to the memory of radical Welsh poet Terry Hetherington…gives young writers in Wales a wonderful opportunity for recognition.
– Mike Jenkins
The experiments with form in both prose and poetr highlight the considerable abilities of the Welshwriters published here. Cheval looks relentlessly forward. The talent of its writers promises a great deal in the future.
– New Welsh Review
A dolphin washed-up on the Welsh coast marks the crisis point in the life of a family. A shopkeeper's daily jogs with her friends allow her to reflect on her relationships, her life. A poet explores the ways in which 'Wales is a small coat/made of deep pockets.' Another combines, in a single poem, the experiences of an elderly relative with the little matter of the entirety of human history.
Cheval 9 contains a selection of the best work submitted this year to the Terry Hetherington Award, which has become known as one of the most significant awards for young writers in Wales. The anthology also collects new work by previous winners, including Tyler Keevil, Anna Lewis, Thomas Morris and Katherine Stansfield. What this adds up to is an anthology which thrillingly represents the reality of where new Welsh writing is now, offering readers the chance to discover brand new names and to enjoy the work of established masters.


BORN IN COLORADO, THE SEED ANGEL FORUM WAS STARTED IN 2010 WITH THE GOAL OF CONNECTING ACTIVE ANGEL INVESTORS WITH HIGH QUALITY ENTREPRENEURS TO STRENGTHEN THE FABRIC OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM. SINCE THEN, OVER 100 COMPANIES HAVE PITCHED AT ALMOST 20 EVENTS, AND THOSE COMPANIES HAVE GONE ON TO RAISE OVER $250M AND HIRE HUNDREDS OF EMPLOYEES.
– BOTH THE ENTREPRENEURS AND THE INVESTORS HAVE TO APPLY TO ATTEND. INVESTORS HAVE TO BE ACTIVE, MEANING THEY HAVE MADE AT LEAST 3 INVESTMENTS IN THE LAST 18 MONTHS.
ENTREPRENEURS FILL OUT A SHORT APPLICATION AND THE TOP 5-6 ARE SELECTED BASED ON TEAM, TRACTION, AND OTHER KEY INDICATORS.
– THE EVENT IS FREE FOR BOTH ENTREPRENEURS AND ANGELS TO ATTEND. LOCAL SPONSORS PROVIDE THE SUPPORT TO HELP PAY FOR DRINKS AND DINNER.
– IT'S NOT YOUR TYPICAL PITCH EVENT. IT STARTS WITH AN ENTREPRENEUR ROUNDTABLE, FOLLOWED BY A HAPPY HOUR TO BREAK THE ICE. NEXT, EVERYONE SITS DOWN FOR DINNER AND THE ANGELS INTRODUCE THEMSELVES AND THEIR LAST 3 INVESTMENTS. THEN, THE ENTREPRENEURS, OFTEN WITH A DRINK IN HAND, PITCH THEIR COMPANY WHILE EVERYONE ENJOYS DINNER.
– SEED ANGEL FORUM IS A NON-PROFIT RUN BY AN INCREDIBLE TEAM OF VOLUNTEERS.